~ Dums Animas’ hi — f vA ‘ fe j . 7) Ft LIBRARY OF CO UNITED STATES Ol NGRESS. LMERL \ Yee, 3 ~ DUMB a OR; i A GUIDE In the Care and Treatrnent of Horses, Cattle, Hogs, Sheep and Poultry, and a compilation Of recipes for the cure of their diseases. BY FB. E. HUMPHREYS, DALLAS, TEXAS. Se Copyrighted 1894, by F. E. Humphreys. PREFACE. In presenting this work to the public, and particularly to the farming class, the author would say that the observations and recipes are nearly all taken from the con- tributions to the best Stock Journals, and from the highest medical authorities of the country, and are the results of years of observation and study. The author was for many years in the drug business, and daily, often hourly, had occasion to put up or compound remedies for man and beast. He therefore knows these remedies to be good for the diseases recommended. No farmer, in fact, no man, with only so much as a cow and chickens, should be without the information here obtained and preserved in book form. The book is provided with a pretty full index, still you should read it all through so as to know its general scope; there are many recommendaticns not indexed. Many of the recipes are simple and you may simply buy the articles and prepare them yourself. But on the other hand many must be put up by the druggist of expe rience. Many of the recipes, those for external diseases in particular, contain very poisonous drugs; they should be labeled carefully and kept in a safe place. Of the real value of this book you will learn only by experience. Very high prices have in many instances been paid for a single one of these recipes. Here you get them all and much other valuable information for a reasonable price. Lastly, Iam a friend to all dumb animals. Therefore I have tried to impress on you the necessity of care and kindness. If, by following these directions you save the trouble and expense of the medicines, it will be better for the animal and yourself. The man who is cross and brutal, careless and neglectful of his stock is apt to be so to his family and others. He will never succeed. Cultivate kindness. therefore, and your reward will be greater than money alone. THE AVTHorR; ~~ — TN DES PAGE HORSES—CareE or, REMEDIES, Ec. 5 to 32 MOTO CO Aleem aaa Feats octets! ows 6 SINVARL OWA bOnAsrer cts aie clase) ciays weeeisies 3) Big Jaw and Bighead, remedies...... 7 Bots, how produced, to avoid & cure. 8 & 9 California Liniment................. 16 @olie;causes.and. cure. .:....2:...... 9& 10 CACC OMELCCIS as eur aces ths cea hee wc 18 Corns, explanation and cure of...... 11 GAO) Ova? 5 See heuer era ibe ce) ale eee Pe 18 | Camkerinethe Woot... 2253662225... 17 Coiba livers er ieitcetatiete « sce,2 2 SJ cyerkds : 17 Condition Powder Tonic............ 11 & 12 Condition Powder, relaxing, for use IMO CLAUCH CS eras cet. octet vile wee 12 Jondition Powder for Stallion....... 13 Chaff, to remove from the eye, (se WNGeriOO WA) eo reac- oi oe ae sve 38 COM octets oneiecthas rete cucrel 8a 18 Drench, how to give................. 18 Distemper in Horses and Colts...... 13 & 17 Eye Water for Bighead, Ete......... 13 Eye Water for Weak Eyes and for | Cait Gacimecte cet st wine ange the 3 Bpizootic, remedy.... ............. 14 RNG Vite a, le Sea isens s.cie ais Shere 19 Fetters, how to make, and for Bulls, GED SHG, rec stecdst le eked < dyad ereuers 38 Food, amount for working horses and BANGOR Olds te vescle sc, oo ore eisae-a as *31 Foundered Horses............ 18 Galled Shoulders................ 14 Glanders and Gleet................. 19 Grease Heel, to cure...+............ 26 & 27 Horseman’s Hope Liniment......... 24 Heaves, or Wind-broken............ 14 OVS OINTMENT... oo. oe ee os were ae 15 Inflammation of the Bladder, symp toms and treatment.............. 15 Inflammation of the Bowels......... 18 Kicking and Runaway, how to cure. . 30 Dampers, or Lampas..... .....-.000. 19 Liniments, Oils, Salves, Ete., eight (15 to 17 URC eee Wir ae tren cre acts, bosons . | and 25 Mange Cure.......... A sadeed. os. 20 | Poll Evil, Fistula, Ete.......,.....-: 20 | PAGE HORSES—Convinvuep. Pawing in Stable and cure for....... 21 Physic or Purging in Seratches, Ete.. 12 Ring Bone, cure for............ 22 Sores Lhroat, a. nce ee eee ee 24 Spavin and Thoroughpin............ 22 Splints, Ointment for............... 23 MULAN GLOSS 2 os Saree chyaea eee ye tee 24 Sweeney Cure: 2 4.4 aie cen eee Se 23 & 25 Scratches, to avoid and cure........ 26 SULfeli;anG Cure: ssn. e ee eee 27 EL TMU SHGs3 scars cistans pastel nae teea ite rds ee 29 Warts, to cure; and on persons... 2s Wash for Scratches or Grease fTeeh.. 13 WOLKE jcia-st?. aco eager eee ee RCE Vicious Horses, to subdue and shoe. . 29 White Feet and Spots on the Fore- head, how to produce and match. 30 CATTILE—Cows AND CALYES........25.- 32 to 38 Bio’ JAW... code eemaseitre eres 7 Calves, raising by hand............. 36 Caked Breastsas. a... ans by: 34 Chaff, to remove from the eye . 38 Oboked 3. 15 ge cree Beare ae eee 34 Copulation, to prevent (see fette rs). 38 Diarrh (aii a3). 2eGaeee eet ae see eee 35 Drying off Cows and other animals.. . 34 Eye water for Cows and other animals (see under horses)........ 3 Rardel'; ;.¢.4. 2 cee ees 6 tance 37 Bettersi..(5: : Wace bela ree 38 Feeding, to increase flow ot milk... . 33 Foot Rotin GOattle... ..2:...2...... 37 Fleshy Tumors, to cure............. 39 Garce tec» tre ee eater ete ae A 37 Hollow orien ote. cia se ee 34 Hoven or Bloat....... MSE ATT 35 Itch, Wan pel pert er te cs)hes onersfcre 38 Indigestion of Calves and Cows..... 36 Kicking Cow, to prevent............ 36 TiC; TO MNEMOVEr ec crcl ce Le eee 35 Mano 6: Serer tees, ate sete ee ters, Java 38 Milk Fever, to avoid............... 32 Milk, to increase the flow........... 33 MU ralieree tarts a ew tee caer cy Sicha, ys 37 INDEX —CONTINUED: PAGE CATTLE—ConTINUED. Ointment for Swelled Bags and Teats 34 Over-eating, what to do............. 36 EVE (UAV VIAIU OL Riss stray Shhteks aBleie Sandon rate te Soe 38 PCOUTS, TO CUTE. 0. Gis sce ce wees ste 35 & 37 TUTORS 2 eters nc sae bose esa wea s.oe & 35 Worms, Vermifuge for.............. 3d HOGS—CaRE AND CURES............... 38 to 40 Cholera, to prevent................. 38 & 39 Obolera, to Cure... i0204%.)24esos.5s5 39 Catarrh in Hogs: ...0s. sees ss: 40 Charcoal for fattening.............. 39 Diarrhoea, to cure................... 39 Kidney Worm, Fluke in Sheep...... 40 EICSGSOVOESULOY-on6%. 6 ca cess 5 wd ee, 40 Scurvey, simple remedy.............. 40 Sows Eating Pigs, to cure of. ....... 39 Mange or Itch, (see under Cattle). 38 SHEEP—CARE OF AND REMEDIES... ....40 to 45 | ENR COIN Des hie mcnpeeuaiaess & os Pe 3 ex 45 Care of Sheep in Winter............ 41 Care, what it willdo................ 42 Copulation, to prevent (see Fetters, under Uattle) .. 2.2... s vanes 38 PAGE SHEEP—ConTinvueEp. Constipation............ eee: 45 Dogs vs: Sheep..6 « .2 sesso ee 42 Foot-Rot, prevention and «ure....... 42 & 43 Fluke, (see Kidney- worm, under Hogs) 40 Ink for. markinp.. 2. 2. 2. 44 Loss of Appetite... <. 2.22 5-Re eee 45 PCADAREMEAY since sae bene 3 44 SCOUDA wc. $25 «22d eae eee 45 Ticks, Dip, and how to use.......... 45 Wash, to keep from barking trees ... 44 POULTRY ia «wade Sanh: 2.05 2 eee 45 to 50 Average of Different Breeds as Layers 50 Bumble Feet, to prevent............ 50 Care of, Remedies, Dust Baths, Water and Peed... . 5.22205 22. Seeenreeer 45 & 46 Cholera, successful remedies........ 47 & 48 Egg Eating Hens, to cure........... 49 Wes; tO KOOP iwc... scar 2 sae ....49 & 50 Gapes, cause and cure.............. 48 & 49 Pips. to essspun a sae Vee e cate 49 & 50 Roup, cause and cure............. ‘ 49 pcabby ers). t0 Cure i.i6csccts oe we ne 49 Water Necessary for........... ee 46 HORSE ss, Just a few remarks on their disposition: Ist.—The horse is naturally gentle, docile, teachable, proud, timid and obedient. He has memory and a knowledge of the character of men. These qualities vary in different breeds, but they predominate, and the horse handled gently and cared for properly from his birth will show them all. I have said the horse naturally has the above good qualities, but you may so handle and educate him that he will show many bad qualities. ‘*A balky man makes a balky horse.’’ A bad driver will make a bad horse. If you would have your horse kind and gentle be wniformly kind and gentle to him. Never let a man curse and scream at your horse or jerk the lines or bit. Tura off a hand that won’t show good judgment in the care and management of your horses. Don’t let impatient or bad boys handle them, Study the horse and make his training and care next only to that of the human family, and you will have a noble and useful animal. In the recipes following I have given none for ‘‘String-halt,’’ ‘‘Roaring,’’ ‘Whistling,’ ‘‘Thumps’’ and some other diseases which are incurable. You must not over drive, over heat, over feed horses, check them up too high, or give them musty, bad feed, and you will avoid these disagreeable things. If you founder a horse it is your own fault. If you neglect your horse his appearance will bear witness against you. - In the compilation of the pages following, | have drawn largely from Dr. Chase, just as he did from others. Many of these recipes were used long before he compiled them. I have also drawn from other sources that I knew to be good. Many are my own, though of course they differ little from what anyone who has studied the subject would write. How to Choose or Buy a Horse. The following simple rules will be found useful to all parties about to buy a horse: 1. ‘‘Never take the seller’s word; if dishonest, he will be sure to cheat you; if disposed to be fair, he may have been the dupe of another, and will deceive you through representations which cannot be relied upon. 2. If you trust toa horse’s mouth for his age, observe weil the rules given below for that purpose. 3. Never buy a horse while in motion; watch him while he stands at rest, and you will discover his weak points. If sound he will stand squarely on his limbs with- out moving any of them, the feet planted flat on the ground, with legs plump and _ nat- urally poised. If one foot is thrown forward with the toe pointing to the ground and the heel raised, or if the foot is lifted from the ground and the weight taken from it, disease of the navicular bone may be suspected, or at least, tenderness, which is pre- cursor of disease. If the foot is thrown out, the toe raised and the heel brought down, the horse has suffered from laminitis, founder or fever of the feet, or the back sinews have been sprained and he is of little future value. When the feet are all drawn together beneath the horse, if there has been no disease there is a misplacement of the limbs, at least, and a weak disposition of the muscles. If the horse stands with his feet 36-3 spread out or straddles with the hind legs, there is weakness of the loins, and the kid- neys are disordered, 4. Neyer buy a horse with a bluish or milkish cast in the eyes. They indicate a constitutional tendency to ophthalmia (soreness or weak eyes), moon blindness, ete. 5. Never have anything to do with a horse which keeps his ears thrown back; it is an invariable indication of bad temper. 6. Ifa horse’s hind legs are scarred the fact denotes that he is a kicker. 7. Ifthe knees are blemished the horse is apt to stumble. 8. When the skin is harsh and rough, and does not move easily and smoothly to the touch, the horse is a heavy eater and his digestion is bad. 9. Avoid a horse whose respiratory organs are at all impaired. If the ear is placed at the side of the heart, and a wheezing sound is heard, it is an indication of trouble. Let him go.’’ How to Judge the Age of a Horse. The following concise rules are from ‘‘Kendall’s Treatise on the Horse,”’ and are generally correct. 1. Eight to fourteen days after birth the first middle nippers of the set of milk teeth are cut; four to six weeks afterward, the pair next to them, and finally, after six or eight months, the last. All these milk teeth have a well defined body, neck and shoulder fang, and on their front surface grooves or furrows, which disappear from the middle nippers at the end of one year; from the next pair in two years, and from the incisive teeth (cutters) in three years. 2. At the age of two tne nippers become loose and fall out. In their places appear two permanent teeth with deep, back cavities and full, sharp edges. At the age of three the next pair fall out. At four years old the corner teeth fall out. At five years old the horse has his permanent set of teeth. 3. The teeth grow in length as the horse advances in years, but at the same time his teeth are worn away by use, about one-tweifth of an inch every year, so that the back cavities of the nippers below disappear in the sixth year; those of the next pair in the seventh year, and those of the corner teeth in the eighth year; also the outer corner teeth of the upper and lower jaws just meet at eight years of age. At nine years old, cups leave the two center nippers above, and each of the two upper corner teeth have a little sharp protrusion at the extreme outer corner. At the age of ten the cups disappear from the adjoining teeth; at the age of eleven the cups disappear from the corner teeth above, and are only indicated by brownish spots. 4. The oval form becomes broader and changes, from the twelfth to the six- teenth year, more and more into a triangular form, and teeth lose, finally, with the twentieth year, all regularity. There is nothing remaining in the teeth twat can after- ward clearly show the age of the horse or justify the most experienced examiner in giving a positive opinion. 5. The tushes or canine teeth, conical in shape, with a sharp point and curved, are cut between the third end fourth year, their points become more and more rounded until the ninth year, and after that more and more dull in the course of years, and lose, finally, all regular shape. Mares have frequently no tusks, or only faintly indicated. How to Deliver a Ball. (Horse Pill.) Draw the horse’s tongue gently to the right, hold it with your left hand, raise his head, put the ball on the roots of the tongue with the right hand. then let the head down a little. Don’t rub the gullet. Give the horse a swallow of water or a littie hay and the ball will go down. Big Jaw in Horses and Cattle and its Remedy. The Live Stock Journal speaks of this disease as follows: ‘‘This is more prop- erly called ‘dilation of the jaw bones.’ In horses it is sometimes called ‘big head;’ it isa bony tumor, in which the interior of the bone is absorbed, sometimes leaving a mere shell of bone divided into cells containing purulent or thick matter. This is sup- posed to be caused by a deficiency of phosphate of lime in food, rendering the bones deficient in this most important element, and the following prescription is often given with good results: No. !, Phosphate Powder. Phosphate of Lime............ .. decisi8stoetataahaadaleas wie, OZER. Powdered Golden Seal. ....... ...... sease, igi ands Sagenues Bavese ata Powdered Sassafras .......... of ieee ae 3 ozs. Powdered Ginger... ..... eae 2s 2 ozs. Oatmeal ....... were aumento shad Nico 400, ohaaeey seen Mix. This will be divided into 16 parts, one given in the food every night. “This will have a tendency to restore the missing elements in the bone. And the general diet should be food rich in phosphates. You may get your phosphate of lime by boiling beef bones in lye of wood ashes, and after it is reduced fine, wash with water and give a small quantity daily in food. The first thing to do surgically is to open it and let out any matter that it contains. Having removed the matter, inject the savity with weak pyroligneous acid or weak carbolic acid. This will cleanse it and render healing possible.’’ Remarks.—I should prefer the pyroligneous acid to the carbolic, and one part of the acid to three of soft water would be weak enough to use at first; and afterwards one to two or even equal parts, to speed its healing. Both of these acids are disinfectants, i. e., remove bad smells, as well as cleanse and heal, when used of proper strengths as above. Big Head ina Colt, and the Remedy. “EL. P.J.,’’ of Benzonia, Benzie County, Michigan, May 27th, 1880, wrote to the Post and Tribune, of Detroit, as to the condition of his colt, as follows: “What ails the colt? In December I discovered a small lump or bunch coming on the left side of the face of my colt, half way between the eve and the nostril. This - grew larger until about the size of a man’s fist. I then opened it with a knife. I had been using Centaur liniment and iodine and it had softened a little. I had also used beef brine. Almost immediately another bunch began to grow below this or back of it, and now the side of the face is badly swollen and the colt is falling away in flesh. He is three years old this spring.”’ eee eae To this their veterinarian, H. W. Doney, of Jackson, who had this department in charge, made the following answer: “Big head. The disease is located on a line between the eye and the nostril. Its first appearance is a small lump on the side of the head, which continues to enlarge until the whole side of the face becomes swollen. It is on both sides sometimes. If your colt is very valuable it will pay you to try a cure, if not, get what you can for it and do not bother with it. Remedy No. lI. Take white arsenic the size of a common field pea, or 6 or 8 grs.; wrap it in fine paper as close as possible, make an incision in the skin over the hard tumor, insert the arsenic or the paper containing it; take one stitch, tie the ends in a hard knot, bleed the horse and turn him out. In a short time the horse will swell, and this will con- tinue until the effects of the arsenic will be seen. A circular piece of skin and the porous bone will drop out, leaving a healthy sore, which may be healed by an ointment made of elder and bittersweet fried in lard, with 1 oz. of turpentine.” Remarks.—A good-sized handful of each of these herbs to $ pound of lard, and 1 oz. of turpentine put in when taken from the fire, would be about the right proportion, and it will make a very healing ointment for any sore whatever. I now leave everyone to adopt the plan of treatment in their stock, horses or cattle, here given, according to their condition, each judging for himself which plan or medicines will be the best to meet their respective cases, being careful to look well to the general health in every case. In connection with the arsenic treatment given in this recipe, I should also use the Phosphate Powder, in the next above, as it is both alterative and tonic. Bots in Horses. A New Remedy Worth Its Weight in Gold. The Department of Agriculture publishes the following experiments, which a gentleman from Georgia tried and found effective in dispelling this serious trouble in horses. He says: ‘‘About thirty years ago a friend lost, by bots, a very fine horse. He took from the stomach of the dead horse about a gill of bots and brought them to ny office to experiment upon. He made preparations of every remedy he heard of, and put some of them into each. Most of them had no effect; a few affected them slightly; but sage tea more than anything else; that killed them in fifteen hours. He concluded that he would kill them by putting them in nitrie acid, but it had no more effect on them than water; the third day they were as lively as when put in. A bunch of tansy was growing by my office. He took a handful of that, bruised it, added a little water, squeezed out the juice and put some bots into it. They were dead in one minute! Since then I have had it given to every horse affected. I have never known it to fail of giving entire relief. My friend had another horse affected with bots cured by this remedy.—Grange Visitor, Springfield, O., Nov. 1875. Remarks.—I have had no opportunity of testing this, but I give it, believing it reliable. Is it not possible that it was because tansy would kill worms, that tansy bitters were once so common aid popular? I believe it was. — No. I. For Bots. Drenching a horse with sweetened milk, following it, half hour later, with strong sage tea, then working it off with currier’s oil, has been heretofore considered the best known remedy for bots, but it is probable that a strong tea of tansy may be found a much better remedy than the sage, used similarly, 1 pint each, in the order named, a half hour apart, only. Tansy Tea for Bots. There is undoubtedly more in the virtues of tansy for bots than appears upon the face of it; fur the following item has been more recently going the rounds of the papers: ‘Tansy tea is said to be a sure remedy for bots in horses. Experiments tried upon bots show that while they resist the action of almost every other substance, they are quickly killed by tansy. It is an easy matter to test it, by those who keep horses, when some of the bots have been passed, by putting them into some of the extracted juice of the tansy leaves. Bots--Their Manner of Production and How to Avoid Them. It will not be amiss to state here that bots do not, as many suppose, breed in the stomach of the horse, but simply grow there from the egg which is deposited on the flanks and legs by the bot-fly in their season, which is from July to October, during which time if an oiled rag is kept in the stables and used upon the legs and sides of horses as regular as they are fed, with much rubbing, also with straw, which takes the nits off better than a brush; these nits or eggs will be mostly rubbed off, and conse- quently the horse will get but few, if any, in his mouth by licking or biting these parts, to be swallowed in the stomach. It is fully grown by spring, at which time, also, they begin to let go their hold on the stomach. They hang to the stomach by little hooks upon their feet, and are carried on by the food passed off; and again develop, as the butterfly is produced from a grub, as it were, another gad-fly, and so on from year to vear. Be careful, then to use the oiled rag freely, and scrape off, if need be, as many as possible of these nits, or bot seeds, every day, as they are deposited, and you will have but little trouble with, and in fact bots never make trouble, except there be indi- gestion or other disease, which first disturbs them. During the fly season, also, if not at all times, the hair en the back part of the legs should be closely trimmed, as the rubbing off is easier upon short hair than that which is long and loose; and the shorter the hair the less deposits upon it can be made. Colic, or Bots, in Horses—How to Cure. No. 1, for Colic. A friend of mine near Ann Arbor, makes the following his dependence. He says: Steep 1 dozen good sized red peppers in | quart of water; strain and give the whole, while warm. Work off in an hour with 1 pint of Curriers’ oil. Remarks.—He said of this recipe: It can be depended on—neither colic nor bots can stand before it, and it will not hurt horses nor cattle either. This gentleman as- sured me he had used it, and knew its exceeding value, but did not wish to have his name connected with it, contrary to the desire of most people. I have every confidence in it, for I knew him well, being a very quiet and diffident, or bashful man; and hence Ps, | I promised him not to publish his name. Red or cayene pepper is the purest stimulant _we have, and hence I have not a doubt it will do as he assured me it would, as it will warm up the stomach to do its work, and prevent the further accumulation of gas, or wind, from the indigestion, and thus cure coiic and give bots a legal notice to vacate the premises. Colic in Horses—-Its Cause and What is Needed to Cure It. As colic is caused by the indigestion of food, a sour or gaseous stomach, as we say of persons, all that is needed to cure it is something to correct the acidity and to warm up the stomach, so that the digestion can proceed again; but as the indigestion and consequent acidity may have progressed so far it cannot be corrected, making it necessary to give an active cathartic to hasten the fermenting food out of the system, it is well at first to give a tablespoonful of saleratus, dissolved in warm water, 4 pint; then, if you are where the pepper tea can be steeped at once, give it; but tis well to have something of an anodyne nature to help allay the pain, as well as to stimulate, which can be kept in the stable, always ready for use, like the following: No. 2. For Colic. Laudanum 1 oz. Sulphuric Ether....... 1 oz. Chloroform 1 oz. Tincture of Cayenne Pepper 1 oz. Essence of Peppermint 1 oz. Tinet. of Belladonna 4 02. Mix. Dose—For a full size horse, give 1 tablespoonful in warm water, 14 pint, and repeat in 30 minutes, if not before relieved; or, put the pepper to steeping at once on giving the first dose of this, and if not relieved in 30 minutes give the pepper tea, as in No. 1 above, instead of repeating this, would be preferable. But, if no peppers are at hand, repeat this as above without fear of injury. For I know that a dozen drops of chloro- form in a spoonful of water has relieved gaseous dyspepsia of persons, while this mix- ture has several other things in it making it more reliable in colic of horses, and would be good for persons in doses of + teaspoonful, repeated once or twice only, if not relieved in the half hour. No. 3. In the meantime, if there is great distention of the bowels by gas, which is al- most always the case in colic, do not overlook the importance of giving the tablespoon- ful of saleratus dissolved in water, $ pint, to stop the fermentation of the food, which sanses this gaseous condition; and also to have got ready a physic containing 4 to } oz. of aloes dissolved in $ pint of water, in which you have put another tablespoonful of saleratus to make it dissolve, so it shall be quicker in its operation to carry off this fer- menting food. - Recipe No. 4, for Colic. If very great pain still exists, or does exist at any time, even as much as 2 ozs. of laudanum has been given, so also has 2 ozs. of ess. of peppermint, or 1 oz. of sulphuric ether, or $ oz. of chloroform, or 4 oz. of hartshorn, in 4 pint of warm water, has and may be given; the laudanum to stop the pain, the others more to stop the fermentation and consequent distention of the stomach and bowels by the gas. Sometimes this gas ————— SS is aided to pass off by the rectum by giving warm water injections, turning the horse’s head down hill and pumping in freely all the bowels will retain, even if it is a bucket- ful will do no harm, but by its wetting and softening influence aids the escape of gas and also the quicker action of the physic, if one has been given. If the gus is once started freely by the rectum consider your horse safe. But, lastly, 7m no case allow the cruel custom of taking the horse out and running him, nor even trotting him, nor ‘“‘rub his belly with a chestnut rail,’’ nor the wicked and cruel system of laying him on his side and getting a big, heavy man with coarse boots to walk back and forth upon him. Some of the mixtures to relieve pain and stop the accumulation of the gas, then physic, and injections if needed, to start off the gas, must be the main dependence. And, I will only add, if you now allow your horses to die with colic, it is not the author’s fault, but will be chargeable to yourselves by neglect- ing to have a supply on hand of what is liable to be needed any day. See inflamma- mation of the bowels. Corns, or Shoe Boil of Horses’ Feet; Explanation of and Remedy. Corns, also called shoe boils, are generally the result of bad shoeing, i. e., allow- ing the heel of the shoe to rest too far in, upon the sole of the horse’s foot. They should have their bearing upon the shell, or solid, outer part of the hoof; then there will be but few corns. But when they exist, the soft and diseased part of the sole must be cut away to allow the application of the following remedy: Sulphuric acid. ... a ee athe Lk OZR Nitro-muriatice acid : ee or ene 4 OZ. Corrosive sublimate. - ee. 1 dr. Directions.—Add, little by little, one of the acids to the other, in an earthen bowl, in the open air, to avoid breathing the fumes arising from them in mixing. Mash the corrosive sublimate finely and add it to the acids. Then, having pared and trimmed down to the sore, apply the remedy with a swab or pledget of lint and bind on till the corrosion or destruction of the hoof is stopped; then apply a soft healing ointment. Remarks.--This is from my old friend Wallington, a farrier of long practice, which ought to be an assurance of its value; but knowing the nature of the prepara- tion, I can assure anyone it will be found just the thing desired. Do not get either of the acids on hands or clothing. Condition Powders--Tonic and Purifying to the Blood--No. 1. Sulphur. 6 ozs. Buchu leaves. .............. + Stee Sie le OZ. Gentian root. .2 OZSs. Blood root a. See ee 1 oz. Sassafras (bark of the root) 2 ozs. Skunk Cabbage root 1 02. Elecampane root 2 ozs. Cream of Tartar. loz. Ginger root.. 2 ozs. Epsom Salts 1 oz. Saltpeter 2 ozs. Black Antimony 1 oz. Rosin. 2 ozs. Fenugreek seed Te 2. leo Digitalis leaves 1 oz. Rust or Carbonate of Iron 1 oz. Directions.—Pulverize finely, mix thoroughly, and keep in air-tight boxes. Dose.—Give | tablespoonful in feed as directed in Remarks. Remarks.—In spring and fall use with all stock, as well as horses, one table- spoonful daily, in a bran-mash, until you ean see its beneficial action, or for two oe weeks; but in case of a horse, cow or ox, being in bad health, at any time of year, the same dose twice daily, in a bran-mash, may be given for a couple of weeks, or until the desired result—good health—is obtained. Some horses will not, however, eat bran mashes: then stir it in wetted oats. This is especially valuable in all the chronic diseases, as mange, distemper, grease-heel, big-head, big-leg, poll evil, fistula, yellow water, ete. It will show its beneficial effects very quickly. Condition Powder--Relaxing--for use in Scratches, Grease-Heel, Etc. The following was published in the Post and Tribune by H. W. Doney, of Jack- son, Mich., in answer to an inquiry of ‘J. W.,’’ of Paw Paw, for a condition powder to cleanse the blood, in spring, adding: ‘‘I have got one horse that has had scratches most of the time for three years, and I have doctored her most of the time.”’ Mr. Doney, in answering, says: ‘‘You havea number of them already given, but here is one for the special purpose: Nor 2. Mandrake aw. 2 OZS. Aloes an re 2 ozs. Epsom Salts ee 2 ozs. Gentian. i anccae VOUS: Blood root ideinecep (ol OLS. Skunk Cabbage .2 02s. Gum Myrrh 2 OZs. Golden Seal 2 ozs. Stillingia. 2 o7Zs. Sulphur. 3 ozs. Licorice root. 3 OZS. Ginger root ; , 1.8 OZS. Coriander seeds eee sesseese OZS. Camphor gum ‘aa Vel ee Copperas .. eee ; 7 pucah awe teil Oar Powder and mix thoroughly. Dose.—One-half ounce (about one tablespoonful) once a day, in feed or drench. To aid the operation and produce better results, give one pint of sassafras tea daily. If fever is present give 15 drops of aconite (tinet. or fl. ex.) once a day. If paralysis in any form exists, give 15 drops of belladonna (tinct. or fl. ex.) once a day; or if nerve power is lacking,»give 15 drops nux vomica (tinct. or fl ex.) once a day.’’ These last medicines are poisonous if used too much or too often; so follow directions very carefully. Physic or Purge-.For use in Scratches or Grease-Heels. Give a good purge made of fluid extract of 5.0 (0) <1 rc a a on oe rn ere SU ec 4+ oz Mandrake a2, ee: Ce ee seed OF Blood root Be og eee es dee + dr. KC Oe (ct a ne i cre a en er ene 1 oz. MESO Ny VERU Bc. xe. 5 askSiaacea sed eee anciae-ayoleee recor od sepa eae 2 ozs. \ S| ere eM Se ees 6 ozs —13— Wash for Scratches and Grease-Heel. NWWihaiter Vatriolse..-........<- error Tet ee Cre es git eee 1 oz. Alum Re et Cin ited << bes oy Me oel bifoy 7. Gum Catechu Peete 2 crm Ree. Le ee el OZ: Oak Bark solution .... .. ... etc capa Umer epeee Taeeteh IChibe PREIS LUNG pectin yr ss tats acne paves ROW spa econctene Heder We tect 102. Mix and use as a wash twice a day. Take the water in which you boil potatoes, 1 qt. Wash the limb with it before using the other. If it will not cleanse the limb thoroughly use oat meal and soap. Rub until the sore looks like a bright pink, and the surrounding portions of the leg white. Keep the stable well cleaned. Use a brush on the leg often. Condition Powder for a Stallion. WWilnti@tROSUING seh. :2..80 cicsosenas.ctetese oo0n eon Goals ii a Beinn oe 4 ozs. Madder arc ey Se a See 4 ozs. Black Antimony . yaa under atene 3 ozs. Gentian root : spat as 3 OZs. Fenugreek seed ...... ....... Aue tee 3 ozs. Sulphur 7 eee eee 3 ozs. Ginger root ... Sbagaae eek MEO Ee gee Re tae 3 0Z8. Anise seed 2 ozs. Spanish flies. ; Rene Loz: All made very fine and intimately mixed. Dose.—A tablespoonful a little round- ing, in the morning’s feed, as he begins to drag toward the last of the season. This is from Robt. Hudson, Winfield, Kansas. No one need fear to use it. And without the Spanish flies, it is a good alterative and tonic powder for any other horse. Cooling Eye Water for Big Head, Swellings, Sprains, Etc. Take a quart bottle and put into it pulverized purified nitre, + lb., and _ soft water, 4 pt., and shake till dissolved; then fill with more soft water and cork for use. For the eye, dilute a little of this mixture with three times as much water, and wash the eyes two or three times daily. For swellings, sprains, ete., apply it as often, full strength. Distemper in Colts--Treatment. Distemper in a colt has about three weeks to run its course; all the medicine re- quired is a light dose of Epsom salts, say 4 to 6 ozs., anda good nursing. Give warm bran mashes, linseed or oatmeal gruel; keep the animal warm and rub the legs with cloths dipped in hot water; a tablespoonful of mustard in the water would be beneficial if the legs seem to be weak and numb, or cold.—N. Y. Times. Eye Water. For weak eyes, shown by their watering more or less, freely apply the following: Acetate of lead ...... eT ee 1 oz Sulphate of zine ees 4 oz. Laudanum . ae + OZ. Soft water badpit: , ede LD! If the eye is very weak, reduce some of this with an equal amount of water, and J : 1 apply as the mixture above. A teaspoonful of this put into a 1 ounce vial and filled PP I as yee with soft water, will be an excellent remedy for sore or weak eyes of persons. Either of these are as good for cattle as for horses. Epizootic—The Most Successful Treatment. Wm. Horne, a veterinary, in the Country Gentlemen, says: ‘‘In the treatment of the epizootic, in 1872, no treatment in my own practice was so effectual, and none brought speedier or more permavent relief than a powerful stimulant applied to the throat outside; and tincture of lobelia, 1 ounce; gelseminum, + ounce. Mix and place 30 to 40 drops on the roots of the tongue, three times a day. Plenty of pure air and gen- eral warmth and comfort, make good nursing; not too much pampering and medication. Remarks.—-The Sweeney Cure, which is a powerful liniment, and without the alcohol, will be as powerful stimulant as anyone will need in these cases. It is not necessary to blister; however, if it is likely to do that, rub over with sweet oil to prevent the blistering. Or, if made without the cantharides, it will not blister. The lobelia helps the cough, and the gelseminum keeps down the fever by lessening the pulse. This is claimed to be a bad disease; then use the condition powder No. 1 in connection with the other treatment. Galled Shoulders and Saddle Galls—To Prevent and Cure. To prevent shoulder galls for horses easily galled, have a collar shield of firm, smooth-faced leather, upon which the collar will move or slip easily, and thus not abrade or chafe the surface hair, skin, ete.; and have the saddle lined with hard, smooth-sur- faced leather—rawhide is best—like the military saddle, but never have one lined with any woolen stuff. To Cure.—Wash with soap suds, and apply the following solution: Copperas - ee ......1 drachm. Blue Vitriol a eh vais He ¢ drachm. Water rea 1 pint. which will reduce inflammation, harden the surface, and aid the growth of new skin, if broken. Never put on the saddle nor harness while the place is wet from the applica- tion. Grease Heel—(See Scratches, ete.) Heaves or ‘'Windbroken’’—Necessary Caution in Feeding, and Cure for Many. ‘‘Heaves and windbroken are one and the same disease, the first being used to designate its mildest form; and the latter, when it reaches its severest stages. It is in reality a kind of asthma caused by overfeeding on clover, hay, chaff, and other coarse, bulky and dusty fodder. The disease is seldom known where horses are pas- tured all the year, and clover in some of its species does not eater into the hay crop. If the horse has not had the heaves so long as to be wholly beyond help, try feeding on corn-stalks, cut moist; hay, with carrots, beets, turnips, potatoes, and other well known nutritious roots. Keep the bowels open by laxative remedies, and for a tonic give arsenic in 3 grain doses for two or three weeks. Give the animal no dry hay, except a little handful at night; and if you have good, well cured corn stalks, these will suffice, with plenty of roots and cut hay (wet), with grain three times a day.’’——New York Sun. —'5— Remarks.—There are some veterinarians who claim that the air cells, or some of them, are ruptured; when this is actually the case, there is probably no cure; but before this has occurred, it has been claimed by H. Few, a French veterinarian, I think, that 15 grains of arsenic, daily, for two or three weeks, as McClure and Harvey, in their work on the horse, informs us, ‘with green food or straw, and in some cases bleeding, was perfectly successful,’’ in ten reported cases. In one it returned after three months, which ‘‘speedily yielded to a repetition of the same treatment.’’ The way to give it would be to sprinkle it in fine powder on a few thoroughly chopped roots, 5 grains, morning, noon and night. There would be no danger in its use, stopping at the end of two or three weeks, or when the difficulty has been fully overcome. : Inflammation of the Bladder—Cause, Symptoms and Treatment. Causse.—A correspondent of the Blade, of Watertown, N. Y., says: ‘‘It is often caused by the abuse of diuretics; and the frequent use of rosin, with the idea that it loosens the skin and improves the appetite, too often results in this trouble. Symproms.—‘‘The symptoms are the passage of the urine in small quantities, and frequently with evident pain. The animal turns and looks at the flank; the hind legs are restless, and the tail is switched about violently, but chiefly downward. The horse moves stiffly, and with a straddling gait ef the hind legs. TrEATMENT.—‘‘No diuretics should be given, but soft muscilaginous food, such as linseed (flaxseed) and oats boiled (@ pint to 1 pint would be enough to boil in a feed of oats), and given with cut hay and slippery elm bark tea. This will relieve the organ better than medicines. After the inflammation has subsided and the symptoms have been relieved, 1 drachm of chlorate of potash may be given daily for two weeks in the food, which should be continued as before for a few days.”’ ; Remarks.—The author would prefer the use of acetate of potash rather than the chlorate, in like amount. The chlorate can be powdered and put in the feed; 1 ounce of acetate would have to be put in a bottle with 8 tablespoonsful of water, as it softens very quickly in the air; then 1 tablespoonful contains 1 drachm, which is a dose. Put it in the food or drink, as you choose. LINIMENTS, SALVES, OILS, ETC., FOR HORSES. Liniment No. 1. 3v permission of W. M. C. Hill, Esq., postmaster of Dallas, Texas, owner of the great stallion which sired ‘*Lena Hill,’’? 2-year’s record of 2:12%, and ‘‘Judge Hurt,”’ l-year’s record of 2:374: also owner of Hill’s Stock Farm, Grand Prairie, Texas, who says he keeps it by the gallon at the farm, and always at his home; that it is as good for man as for animals, and cures sprains, swellings, stiffness of joints and old sores, wounds and bruises, I publish this recipe: Take of Apple Vinegar 1 pint. Spirits Turpentine : suas PING: Spirits Ammonia 1 pint. Whites of 4 Eggs. Chloroform 4 ozs. (Leave out the Chloroform when you wish to use on fresh cuts and wounds.) Mix and bottle tight. Apply by rubbing. This is the first time Mr. Hill has given this receipt for publication, as it was given him years ago by an old friend for personal use, but that friend is now dead, so Mr. Hill kindly gives it for your benefit. No California Liniment. No. 2. Opodeldoe ‘Sia deeaaneeya Gages . 2 ozs. SPM Ib OL T ULPANEINO 2c acee speeds soedees, Lect aes Camere 2 ozs. C1) AE, OPTS AID 055-2150) Wer, gaear vie trae teaneacaotann eae .. 2 OZ8. BVO ONL «Sg scastsionsnesascizesinis texas’ 2 eRe aE ; e2eaze: Best alcohol .. 1 qt. Gum camphor | ..% OZ, PRBG OPPO! acces tesa seandnitatnne Speeuuaiqend Tenn ees + 02. Aqua ammonia + OZ. Good in all acute pain, cheumatiem: sprains, and swollings’7 in man or beast. Remarks.—This, with the black oil, white oil, gargling oil, and the green salve following, and the condition powders for stallions, were obtained from the diary of Robt. Hudson, of Winfield, Kansas, who had spent considerable time in California, where he obtained them from practical horsemen; and from my own knowledge of the nature of the articles used, I am free to say one will search a long time to find others equal to them. New York Sun’s Liniment. No. 3. The New York Sun says: ‘‘Of liniments there are as many different compounds as of condition powders, but a good one for horses and other animals may be made of Oil of spike ... ei er Tesch Tae cin OBB Origanum =? ee er 2 ozs. Wormwood re Meee oe schist seid paaeoeee aaa OE Spirits of ammonia ........ , See er ee bs - Spirits of turpentine 7 Poems 2 ozs. Sweet oil epi cenanesdnssesiointt hone cosets are OBS, Best alcohol ; o 1 qt. Mixed and kept in a bottle, corked when not in use.”’ Remarks.—It is a good one for general purposes. See, also, ‘‘Sweeney Cure,” which is a liniment. Black Oil. No. 4. British oil 1 oz. Oil of spike (balsam of fir) 1 oz. Tanner’s oil 1 oz. Tamarack balsam Mey keys: Oil af vitriol er OZs Spirits of turpentine 2 ozs. Mix in the order named, putting in the oil of parent slowly, and when cool the spir- its of turpentine. Better be in a quart bottle. Very healing, and to reduce inflamma- tions by rubbing in or laying on with wet cloths or soft paper on either man or animals. White Oil, English. No. 5. Spirits of turp -ntine 5th oeee 2 pint. Aleohol - — verese oe B Pint, Olive oil 7 vee sd pint. “Hartshorn Pee ee Ghee: ee 4 ozs. Camphor Gum ... REE te eee rere: 4 ozs. Mix. Used especially in’ wounds and upon old sores. Gargling Oil. No. 6. White wine vinegar (good cider vinegar will do) .......... 1 pint. SURES OM cn OM LING: <2 a:.scuts ss ode toca Aga eden ee ee Dali Sweet oil ....... aa SE: dag sch dep do'oe noe eee ee ..¥ pint. CUM VIII ON eA f agar cthdiie: she cene oes cam oe Sedans. tome rez Castile soap ...1. .. ey aT Mee Oe xt es Aca ee us 2, O28. aT H GUN ee Mth.) 5.9,,25, nc eqgverduess. Soaks ee 2 ozs. Directions.—Shave the soap fine, add the oil of vitrol slowly, pulverize the salt- peter and shake occasionally tili dissolved, when it is ready to use upon swellings, wounds, frostbites, ete., on horses and cattle, and it has been used extensively on persons. Opodeldoc. No. 7. SRS INNO SOR Ny a sacae ocasess Ses chsian bases echt gamma eee ashe uetonOZee VNTR E LDN M68. Uae" sz ese} wecaeesygeae eee hase ye eek ee vate W027: OilcOf POSEMIALY. 2:60.20: Perey che pee Fae Ee even cee 1 drch. EFAS eV OVEN UTIL fous, vacua shite oahcbanan cece veel aaueeede topeesee tees Lidreh: AICOMOL Amo. ccs: BA cip, Yo oot” ye sigctorod 2a daa meezan tee ee near aN 1 pt. Dissolve the soap in the alcohol by a gentle heat, then add the gum camphor and the oils, and when all dissolved pour the mixture into wide mouthed bottles. Useful for sprains, rheumatism and bruises. Good for man and beast. Often used in other recipes. Use white Castile soap. Green Salve. No. 8. Spirits of Turpentine... Jos sgaeaes gp aparnncageenne. 2lensitediallease aes ee OEE Beeswax ...........0. PERE Tene nt eee: Eee settee Mee COmee TROSIGA 6-5of Getic ppdin Ae cee et 2 ozs ER ONGYitepiey 182.0: ea) fetes eka ois Soe 2 ozs Lard om wsvaen ii Sintmstoas sessed. ade Sti eet Ba ee See Finely pulverized verdigris 0.00... ...... » Saar ‘loz. Directrions.—Heat all gently together, except the verdigris, then remove from the fire and stir that in as it begins to cool, and stir tiil cold. Put in tin boxes for use. Canker in the Foot. This disease is always preceded by thrush. It is fungoid growth of the frog, and bleeds upon the slightest cause. TREATMENT.—Remove with sharp knife all loose horn, and trim away part of the growth. Then wash once a day with: An ounce of nitrate of silver well shaken in a quart of rain water. Give nutritious food and good care. Catarrh or Common Cold. Medicines are of little use. Good nursing and careful management are required. If there is a bad cough give green food, turnips, rutabagas, apples, etc. Distemper, Follow rules for catarrh. If he won’t eat keep drink away and give warm mashes, and hay slightly wet and salted. Feed scraped carrots. Keep up his strength till disease runs its course. Causr.—Dusty or musty hay. JuRn.—Change the hay. If you can’t then cut it fine and feed it wet, to which add a spoonful of ginger every day till cured. eso Inflammation of the Bowels Can be told from colic of the pulse. In colic it is about natural, say 50 beats to the minute. The animal often rolls, and there is not much fever. In inflammation there is much fever; pulse sometimes rises to nearly 100 to the minute. The attack is gradual and the disease does not intermit. In this case the horse is often killed by the irritat- ing medicines given. Curr.—Give the horse a drink of slippery elm tea every hour to allay inflamma- tion—keep him quiet. Never bleed him. Let him have little to eat, say gruel made of ground oats sifted, bran, and a very little corn meal, with a little salt added. Cracked Heels or Sandcracks Occurs in hoofs hard and brittle, and usually in the ‘‘quarter.’”’ Take off the shoe, clean the foot carefully and apply a solution of chloride of zine—six grains in a wine glass of water. Soak and wash often with soap and water. Cribbing. The habit of pressing the teeth and biting or gnawing everything the horse can reach. Dr, Tuttle of Clinton, Mich., says this is ‘belch of wind from the stomach.”’ As to the cause he says it is indigestion or dyspepsia, fermentation or souring of the food. He claims it generally begins with the colt. The cause of the indigestion he says is mostly by putting the colt too early on dry feed, grain, ete., which it is not able to masticate. His remedy is raising spring colts and when winter comes, if grain is necessary, give boiled oats or oat meal and early cut hay. Shelter well. Always water before feeding. If signs of cribbing appear, that is dyspepsia, treat as follows and con- tinue till cured: Give 20 ar of tincture of nux vomica, in a swallow of water to a horse that is five years old, 17 or 18 at 4 years old, 15 at 3 years old, 10 at two years old. Give as drench if necessary. Also give the following condition powders: Powdered gentian ....... porerrres bl | cr Best red peruvian bark, ground by the druggist 1 Ib. Jamaici a ginger root, best, ground by the druggist. 4 |b. Mix well. Weep ina tight box. Give a small tablespoonful at each meal. Curb. It is recognized by a protuberance back of the hock, about 4 or 5 inches below its upper joint. It makes the hind legs appear crooked and unsightly. Rub well with California Liniment. (See Index), Some farmers simply rub often with the hand ora corneob. Let the shoe be low at the toe so as to take the strain from the ligament. Drenching. A long necked, smooth bottle is best. Elevate the head a little, but let it down quickly if there is any sign of coughing, forsome of the liquid may have gone the wrong way. Never, never drench through the nose. Founder or Laminitis. This is indicated by great heat in the part and throbbing of the plantar arteries. The horse seems stiff and sore all over and stands with his legs drawn under him, so as, if possible, to take the weight off the fore feet. —|9— Trearment.—Apply warm flax seed poultices to the feet. Give an injection of warm soap suds, and administer a purging ball, and follow with a tonic condition pow- der. If you neglect the disease the animal will never entirely recover. Glanders and Gleet Are incurable and very contagious to man and beast. The horse must be killed and buried. Most or all the states have laws enforcing this. You wish to know how to tell the disease: It begins by a swelling of the gland under the lower jaw, there is seldom fever. After a time a discharge of a gluey nature appears from the nose, usually from one nostril, The gland becomes painful, more swollen and appears hard. There is no softening or suppuration. The lining membrane of the nose becomes heightened in color A very marked symptom appears, which is a hard lump in the center of the jaw. This is hard, adheres to the bone, and is not painful on being touched. In diseases of the air passage there is often a soft diffused swelling of the gland, but this is very different from the hard tumor of glanders. Again in glanders the ab- ‘sorbent vessels in the surrounding parts become hard and corded. The discharge is first aqueous, then is mixed with ropy mucous, afterwards it becomes glairy and grad- ually yellow in color. But the one constant sign is that it is gluey and adhesive. It clings to the hair around the nostrils and may even clog them. he disease may come to the horse by inoculation, exposure of being in the yard, stable or company of a dis- eased horse, and it may come spontaneously. In either case it is incurable and you must destroy the horse and the box he has fed from and thoroughly cleanse the stall and manger he has oecupied. Farcy. This disease originates from the same cause as glanders, unlike that, however, it may be cured, but it requires time and good care. The symptoms are these: The ab- sorbents and vessels of one or both hind legs are swollen, inflamed, tender, hard and knotted. The vitiated lymph thus poured out softens, and ulcers or farey buds appear. TREATMENT.—Searify these with a hot iron and to prevent spreading draw the iron gently over the surrounding skin, Give twice a day the following: Sulphate of copper ...... 2s bee aces diskette hh ee Srars: lodine Ae Ae eee dic: Lacatia uti pA 6 drs. Linseed meal etn ee a 8 cathca vate SRA Sh oh: Ree 2 0zs:- Rhubarb, powdered. ...... ...... : ee ans OVATE, INIGIISS OS Gate 9 Sess etaecey Rivvtincedasntasechiceaoysecua een quantity sufficient. molasses little by little to make the mass of the right consistency. Make into 12 pills or balls and give one at a dose. If it interferes with the appetite hold up a day. Let the feed be good and lodging comfortable. Lampers or Lampas. This is an inflammation or swelling of the bars in the roof of the mouth. TREATMENT.—Cut or scarify the parts affected with a sharp knife or lancet, and then wash with alum water. In severe cases burn with lunar caustic. —?()— Mange in Horses. Remepy.—Wilke’s Spirit of the Times published the following as a safe and effectual remedy: Whale (sperm) oil..... ...... Hie Erie eee . 6 ozs. COMME HAD eo ctck wc acedevneans~ Beans ...... 7 a ee rede lbs: Brane.. . 14 lbs. All mixed evenly together and ground; then, I should judge, mixed proportion- ately with the moistened cut hay and straw. This makes an average of 11 Ibs. of the mixed hay and 16 lbs. of mixed grain for each horse daily. —36— No. 15.—Cows Accidentally Overeating Meal—What to do. When a cow has accidentally eaten her fill of meal, do not allow her to drink; and as soon as discovered, according to the size of the animal, give a drink of from one to two pounds of Epsom salts, dissolved in warm water, and repeat the dose in six hours, if it has not operated; in six hours more, if it has not yet worked a hole through, repeat half as much more, and so on continue until a movement is obtained. No. 16.—To Prevent a Cow from Kicking while Milking, To a ring or snap in her nose attach a rope, then tie it to a beam above so as to elevate her nose a little. This will give her something else to think of—then, if you are gentle, yon will have no trouble. Calves—Raising by Hand—Hay, Tea, Etc., for Them. With good pasture for calves to run in, early cut aud properly cured hay, of which to make the hay tea; oil-cake or home-ground oat meal, and the milk of one cow, three calves, after they are ten days old, have been successfully kept, and all the cream from the cow made into butter after the calves were four weeks old. The plan was as follows: Directions.—Boil good Timothy hay, 1 lb. (better cut in a cutter, if you have one) and boil in water, 6 qts., for an hour, keeping covered, and make up for what may evaporate; then strain and let cool. While cooling, stir three table-spoonfuls of oil- cake, made fine, or pretty finely ground meal from oats, into 1 qt. of boiling water, slowly, as if making ‘“‘hasty pudding,’’ and when properly cooked stir this and the milk of the cow, with a very little salt, into the hay tea, and give equally to the three ealves. At the first, feed while warm, but after a week or two it does not matter if given cold, but with each two weeks tnerease the oil-cake, meal or oat-meal, one table- spoonful for each calf. And it was claimed that at three months old, calves raised in this way looked as well as those fed on milk entirely. They began to feed on grass at a month old, and increased their feeding on grass until they depended upon it almost en- tirely at three months old. The trifle of salt must not be forgotten; and if they began to scour, the milk was boiled and one table-spoonful of flour stirred in before it was added to the tea. But I should stir the flour into the milk while sealding. After the first week there was no trouble of this kind, unless over-fed. Indigestion of Calves—Remedies For. Calves that are fed on milk principally, and carelessly managed, are liable to in- digestion; becoming ‘‘pot-bellied,’’ dull and thriftless, appetite varied, sometimes vora- cious, then not caring for their food at all; bowels irregular, or else regularly loose, and their passage offensive, which, if not soon remedied, the diarrhcea becomes chronic and troublesome to cure. The trouble is believed to arise from accumulation of milk in the fourth stomach (which is the one used until they begin to ruminate—chew the cud); hence laxatives are first called for, such as castor-oil or linseed oil, with bi-carbonate of soda (baking soda) and ginger, and if really scouring, 15 or 20 drops of Jaudanum should be added. The dose for a calf of three months, of castor oil, would be 2 ozs., with 4 0z. each of the soda and pulverized ginger, with the laudanum as above, if scour- ing. And fora few days, or until the condition is greatly improved or health estab- —3i— lished, give morning and evening, salt, soda and pulverized ginger, $ 0z. each, in a little milk; or if the calf is Hatulent (windy), dull and weak, add 1 oz. of sulphate of ‘soda (glauber salts), to the salt, soda and ginger, twice daily till corrected. The same is good for cows. The diet in all cases must be carefully attended to. If unweaned, the calf should have its milk fresh and sound thrice daily. Scours in Cattle, Horses and Calves, and Cholera or Diarrhoea in Persons. Lewis Boynton, of Farmington, Bledsoe county, Tenn., in answer to an inquiry about scours in cattle, in one of the papers, says: ‘‘Frequently a handful of salt will relieve cattle and horses of scours. If it does not afford relief in twelve hours, I have recourse to a remedy for cholera that never fails: Spirits of camphor, tincture of rhubarb, and laudanum, equal parts of each. Mix. Dose—For an adult, 30 drops; for a horse or cow, a dessert spoonful; for a calf, 1 teaspoonful. If not relieved in three hours, repeat the dose. RemMaArkKs.—For a child | would give 8 to 10 drops, according to age, and repeat on persons in half to an hour, if needed. Give in a little sweetened water to children. For stock, in $ pt. of water asa drench. It will be found very valuable. Foot Rot. Wash the foot clean with castile soap and rain water; then apply an ointment made of Lard .... ae ee Ib. Red precipitate ..... 2 ozs. Mix thoroughly and rub well into the sores. Fardel—Constipation. The mouth is hot and dry, the eyes wild, appearance haggard. The dung is hard and voided in small quantities. Give a strong dose of epsom salts, dissolved in rain water. Follow in an hour with a cooling drink of water, into which put an ounce of pure saltpeter. Continue with cooling drinks and bran mashes. Garget. This disease makes its appearance in the udder of the cow, at the time of calv- ing. The udder is painful, swollen, hard. The milk is thick and drawn with difficulty. RemMarks.—Reduce the cow feed. Let the calf suck all it will. Wash the udder with warm water and wipe dry. Then take EO codes sc 3:27: eats . Ren elles Mercurial ointment bass : ei oy 7 Melt together and apply as hot as the cow can stand. Murrain. A dangerous disease, but not often found in the United States. The symptoms are ‘fever, quick pulse, cold horns, swollen eyes. Sometimes there is diarrhcea.’’ Separate the sick from the well. Bleed the animal. Give ¢ lb. of epsom salts in soft water twice a day for several days. When tumors appear anywhere wash them with the following solution: DM Dba be! OF TANG. i..05 2563. 05 erin ee PP esse rtci 4 drs. BGERUEV SWAN OD ac cs 0! as) < csv scaedatboicksta tress Gattaet fee reve a ee asa 1 pt. Nurse the animal carefully. Mange—lItch in Animals. It is produced by a parasitic insect and is quite contagious. Remove the animal to new quarters, wash it thoroughly with warm water and castile soap. Rub the sores well with an ointment made of Sulphur sedeve tadpe stacey ashageeiicncs’ Mae 3 |b. Mercurial ointment axe: at leroy AN Powdered white helebore ...... eee er ee ee 4 OZ. Mix well. Use for hogs also. Red Water. Cause, damp, wet pasture. Symptoms are purging, followed by constipation, great pain; the animal moans, ceases to chew the cud, is feverish and strains in pass- ing water. Remepy.—Change the pasture. Dissolve half a pound of Epsom salts in a pint of boiling water, add 4 ounces ginger, and give as a purgative. Give an injection of warm soap suds. Chaff—To Remove from the Eye. The surest way is to take a silk pocket handkerchief, draw it over the finger, raise the lid as much as you can easily and put the covered finger in and draw out the chaff. If your finger is not too large you can pass it round the ball till you get the chaff. Flax seed put in the human eye is good to take out dust or specks. Why not put three or four into the cow’s eye? They will swell and form a mucilage that will pick up the chaff, and all will come out together. Fetters. Good fetters can be made of wide bands of heavy leather, to each of which sew on one end two buckles fastened with lighter leather, and on the other end the straps to correspond. Then connect these bands by a chain 6 to 8 inches long with a swivel in it. These can be put on bulls that you wish to let run, but don’t wish to copulate with the cows or heifers. Put them on the fore-legs. Use rams the same way. You will find it better to let the males run than to confine them alone. Put the straps and buckles outside of the heavy pieces. The end link of the chain must be made like the cock-eye for harness traces. Favcss: Hog Cholera. This disease is not caused by any one thing alone, but by a combination of un- favorable circumstances. Give your hogs clean quarters, pure water and a shelter from the hot sun by day and chilly cold nights; give thent a change of pasture, and feed regularly and you will not be troubled with hog cholera. On the other hand give them close, wet, muddy, cold quarters, stagnant and filthy water to drink, make them root over the same old lot from year to year and you will surely reap the penalty. ——39— The hog lot should be changed every year and made into a garden or cornfield, and the hogs put in a new lot. No rings should be in their noses, they should be free to g gs h root in the fresh ground. No. I. To prevent cholera put into a trough so the hogs can eat freely the following: Black antimony powdered ....... of Fivepdibaaasel oeaes dats ease a ese + |b. @opperas®..... ...:-.. Mics desi doveniteciad « Sonne ai ereme Neha ee 7 Ibs. Salt. Agape A Demet Recep e eR eB nee ce ORME os Lielby, Sulphur Roe Aer ee Vee Gait lng Rs Ged et aa a AOA Tae a apeotacc hoa aan lle WOOdSSDES yeciscvr cocaccevaess eld eeiaaa ite eked eee NE Nagy aise saweag saaeeu hep kee Mix all thoroughly. ‘This is cheap and effective as a preventive. No. 2. For a cure use the following: Madder ........ MC eden he eee reer Gt adits vaste Seeeess 1 Ib: Sulphur saaldepide gd cpeSvenb oatga cieaeaaedt eouensnbhceet eens 1 lb. ENOGUD Cet fcsds cass Ligkeas sp i2y aps atcend inet tciardsaneasrnon: ae Reeacoutey 1 Ib. Saltpeter Fee Sysce. geantseeriettid® ocoenbteadbireanmcs wedvace semen 1 lb. Black antimony............... PPI TONS Ser eet here ee A 1. Li, PEO EL seg tan ats vise eet eek; Soeteleonag tg ake gS boven wuts Meseumnt ay eae 3 OZ. day, in bran mash with salt added. If a hog gets dumpish, lies round, tries to get into the litter or straw of the pen he is coming down with the disease. Remove him at once toa dry pen and give him a tablespoonful of the mixture once a day in table slops or a gallon of water. To make doubly sure, take a half pint of soft soap, one tablespoonful of lard and one of pine tar, warm and mix well and drench the hog. If the hog is too large to handle easily tie it to a post with a rope round the upper jaw. The best remedies may fail. The State Board of Agriculture of Illinois a few years since sent out to the swine breeders of the State a series of questions as to the cause and best known remedies for the disease. No positive cure was claimed to be known. Prevention by care, removing sick ones from the herd, etc., were the leading answers. If diarrheea in the hog sets in, take and steep 2 ozs. of inner bark of white oak, mix in two ounces of alum, and give. If it continues obstinate give 1 pound of lard, melted, with tablespoontul of turpentine. Chareoal, soft (mineral) coal, or properly and thoroughly burned corn are almost absolutely necessary for hogs while being fattened. Avoid a too sudden change from a half starved condition to one of hign feed. Sows Eating their Pigs—To Prevent and Cure the Habit—No. 1. To prevent it, keep a trough of the following mixture where all the hogs can have access to it: Wood ashes, salt, sulphur, powdered charcoal, in about equal bulk, mixed, and see especially that sows partake of it about this period; then if they commence the eating their young, give them half as much more as long as they will eat it, and see also that they have frequent tastes of this preventive mixture. No. 2.—To Cure the Habit. A little salt daily and a handful of charcoal to each hog once a week, it is claimed, will prevent cholera and other diseases; then, if the above mixture, No. 1, is 40 kept where all hogs can eat of it at pleasure, the author will guarantee it preferable to the salt or chareoal alone. Still, if cholera was prevailing in a neighborhood, he would advise some of the preventives found under that head, having antimony, saltpeter, etc., with the salt and charcoal. Keep on the safe side, is a good motto to go by. And it is by thus satisfying the natural desire for what their systems need, that a ravenous taste is prevented, that of eating their pigs. Scurvy Pigs—Simple Remedy. Wash the seurvy hair and all parts troubled with the scurf thoroughly every day for a few times with buttermilk. A farmer who has tried this sc many times as to be sure of his position, says: *‘It will entirely and speedily remove scurf.”’ Lice on Hogs--Easy Remedy. ‘“Carbolic acid, 1 oz., to water, 10 ozs., makes a wash that destroys the lice with- out injury to the hog.’’ Then it would on other animals, as cattle, cats, dogs, fowls, ete. Kidney-Worm in Hogs, and ‘‘Fluke’’ in Sheep—Remedy For. The Rural Alabamian asserts that kidney-worm in hogs, and the fluke-worms that infest the livers of sheep are identically the same. A parasitic insect—an insect drawing its whole support from another animal, as lice upon an animal, or worms in them—and the editor claims also ‘‘that lye made from hard-wood ashes, if given daily, will work a cure; also rubbing turpentine upon the loins.’ RemMArKs.—''There is nothing said as to the amount to be given, but we should say, if the lye is pretty strong, two or three table-spoonfuls in small amount of slop, two or three times daily, would be plenty. Of course it could not be given without diluting, else it would destroy the mucous membrane of the mouth, throat, ete., as cows have been killed by drinking lye left where they could get it. But why not salt and ashes mixed, in place of the salt and chareoal mentioned just above? If thev will take enough of it, it will do as well, without a doubt, and I have no doubt of their value in such cases.’ Catarrh. Inflammation of mucous lining of the nose. If attended in time can be easily cured, Place the animal in a clean, warm sty. Feed sparingly on light slops and bran mash. No corn. Mange—Itch. See under Cattle, the recipe for. SHEEP. The sheep is the most profitable animal you can have on the farm, especially if the land is poor or worn out. ‘‘Some farmers of our acquaintance,’’ says the American A griculturist, ‘feel an antipathy to sheep for the reason that they ‘‘bite close.’’ We consider this their chief recommendation. They can only bite where the pasture is short, only on a poor farm. A poor farm will necessarily be encumbered with briars, weeds, and brush in the fence corners. Under such cireumstances we should say to a i farmer who has $20’or upwards in cash, or credit for it, let him borrow the amount if he has to pay 1 percent. a month for the use of it; invest it in as many ewes, not older than three years, as you can get for the money. Put them in such a field as we have described, and give them, in addition to what they can pick up, a pint of wheat-bran and oat-meal daily, with free access to water and salt. They will first go for the briers and clean them out; every portion of that field will be trodden over and over again, and the weeds will have no chance. Fold them on the field during winter, and carry them feed sufficient to keep them thriving. Get thé use of a good buck in season— Southdown would be preferable—and in the spring, if you have luck, that means if you give them proper attention and feed regularly, you will raise more lambs than you have ewes. The money wil! be more than doubled, and the wool and manure will pay for their feed and interest. In the spring you may put that field in corn, with the certainty of getting 50 per cent. increase of crop, Remarks.—The author considers this perfectly sound advice to any farmer under the circumstances, and sound advice to every farmer who has not already got sheep on his farm, to obtain a few as soon as possible; for he will undoubtedly find them the most profitable, for the amount invested in them, of anything on the place. A Few Short Rules for the Care of. The American Emigrant Company's Circular says: 1. Keep sheep dry under foot with litter. This is even more important than roofing them. But never let them stand or lie in the mud or snow. 2. Drop or take out the lowest bars as sheep enter or leave a yard, thus saving broken limbs. 3. Begin graining with the greatest care, and use the smallest quantity first. 4. Ifa ewe loses her lamb, milk her daily for a few days, and mix a little alum with her salt. 5. Give the lambs a little mill feed at time of weaning. 6. Never frighten the sheep if it is possitle to avoid it. 7. Sow rye, for weak ones in cold weather, if you can. 8. Separate all weak, or thin, or sick, from those strong, iv the fall, and give them especial care. 9. Ifany sheep is hurt, catch it at once and wash the wound with something healing. Ifa limb is broken, bind it with splinters tightly, loosening as the limb swells. 10. Keep a number of good bells on the sheep. 11. If one is lame, examine the foot, clean out between the hoofs, pare the hoof if unsound, and apply tobacco with blue vitriol boiled in water. 12. Shear at once any sheep commencing to shed its wool, unless the weather is too severe. Remarks —These are excellent rules for the care of sheep, but as they do not give the strength of the vitriol wash for the foot, in rule 11, it will be well to use the recipe for foot wash in cases needing such treatment. Care in Winter. The weak ones should be separated from the strong, and wethers from the ewes: and especial care should, be given to ewes that are to drop their lambs early. The springing of the udder is an unfailing sign of approaching parturition. The ewe should — then be removed to a separate pen and kept quiet, but should be visited at least every three hours, and the last thing at night. It is rarely that any help is needed, except in very cold weather, to wrap a piece of soft blanket about the lamb, and to help it, as soon as possible, to get its meal from its mother, when it will be all right, and the ewe may be left for a few hours. If apples are abundant in winter, a feed once or twice a week may be given to sheep; or in their absence, a feed of turnips or other roots, cabbage, ete., may be given them as often as necessary to avoid costiveness, or stretches, says a writer, an ailment common to sheep in this country, but unknown in Great Britain, where turnips are fed daily. Sheep feel the changes from the green pastures to the dry feed of winter as quickiy, if not more so, than other of our domestic animals. Care—What it Will Do. “Care will make careass; care will make constitution; care will save fodder; care will ward off disease; care will make fat, and fat will make wool and grease, and grease will make money, and that is what we are after. Yes, care will do one other thing, care will make blood. Sheep vs. Dogs—How to Give the Advantage to the Sheep. A remedy for sheep-killing dogs is given by a correspondent of the Prairie Farmer, which is better than legal enactments, as the case is settled without complaints, without lawyers, judge or jury. Hesays: ‘‘I have kept a flock of sheep for several years, varying from 100 to 2,000 head, and for the last eight years have not lost a sheep killed by dogs. I keep my sheep yarded nights, and oceasionally, varying from once in two weeks to once a month, I go out at bedtime and place around the outside of the pen bits of meat containing strychnine, which I take up again early in the morning if not eaten during the night. Result, immunity from dogs, and an old well on the farm has received a layer of dogs and a layer of dirt until it is about full. I have never killed a man’s dog through malice, or anywhere except on my premises and in protection of my own property, and have not in my knowledge, received any injury in retaliation for the death of a dog. The plan is just and right, and every fair-minded man must acknowledge it.”’ Remarks.—The author can see only one point in this plan which may be wrong. It is in this, that he put out his strychnine meat only once or twice a month, whereas I should think twice a week would be better if there were many dogs about. Foot Rot in Sheep—Successful Remedy—No. 1. Sulphuric acid 7 2 ozs. Water. 10Z;, Mix and put two old copper cents into the mixture and when they are dissolved by the acid it is ready for use. Directions.—Remove all the rotten and decaying parts of the hoof with a knife, one such as the blacksmiths use in shoeing horses is the best. Avoid if possible any bleeding; then apply the mixture thoroughly to every part which was diseased. Once will generally be sufficient; but if there is any disease between the hoofs clean out all you can with a knife and then draw through a piece of soft cord wet with the mixture, make thorough work to prevent its spreading. After the disease is killed apply pine —43— tar over the affected part to protect the foot from dampness and to help hold the acid mixture, No. 2. Carbolic acid crystals, 1 0z., water enough to dissolve it. Then put in a piece of copper, or an old copper cent, and let it stand until the acid stops acting on it. Be sure not to apply till the action has ceased. Then clean the hoof and apply as No. 1. Preventive of Foot Rot in Sheep. A Mr. Karkeek, who is claimed to be authority, writes to one of the agricultural papers that when the prevalence of wet weather makes it probable that foot rot may set in, ‘‘it is easily prevented by carting a quantity of earth and throwing it up in the form of a mound in the center of the yard attached to the shed, and upon this mound strew small quantities of slacked lime.”’ Remarks.—This confirms the general idea that foot rot is brought on by external causes rather than internal, and hence the idea given is the ‘‘Short Rules for the Care of Sheep,’’ and that is: ‘‘Neep sheep dry under foot with litter,’’ ete. Sheep dearly love rolling or even hilly land, and cannot be well kept on low, wet grounds, and especially so if there are no kiolls or elevated dry grounds upon which they can gather themselves to rest and sleep, and hence the advantage of the mound in the yard, or litter to keep their feet dry in winter. It is well also to keep a mixture of salt and sul- phur where the sheep ean reach it and take all they want. Use twice as much salt as sulphur. ? Sheep Ticks—Dip and Other Remedies For. It is important, soon after shearing sheep, to see that the lambs especially, are freed from these pests; for after shearing, to get away from the light and the exposures of the cold, when the old sheep have parted with their covering, the ticks will escape to the lambs, often to such an extent as to stunt their growth, reduce them in flesh, and seriously weaken them by the loss of blood; when otherwise they would be in their best condition. The Hearth and Home gives us the usual strength of the dip necessary to free them when numerous, as follows: ‘‘Cheap plug tobacco, 5 Ibs., broken up and boiled in two pails of water; then 30 gallons added, will make dip enough for 100 lambs or 50 sheep. After dipping keep them dry a day or two.”’ To dip them have a water-tight box large enough to hold a lamb or a sheep, if any are to be dipped, so as to entirely cover them with the dip. Arrange a sloping table at the side of the box which will allow all the liquid to run back into it. Then take a lamb by the forelegs with one hand, with the other cover up the mouth -and nos- trils. let an assistant take the hind legs, and immerse the lamb entirely, long enough to allow the dip to pentrate the wool, lay the lamb on the sloping table and squeeze out the surplus liquid, and the operation is complete. If this is done every year, it is claimed that ticks will soon disappear altogether; but it strikes the author that ticks are as natural to sheep as lice are to hairy animals, and that they must be destroyed when- ever they appear. If fowls are permitted access to the sheep yards they will eagerly search for ticks and pick them out of the wool, but we would rather trust to the more effectual process of dipping. Not long after this process of dipping, a careful examina- tion of the lambs should be made, and if there is only occasionally a tick seen every one of them must be snipped with a pair of scissors, but if very many are left from a want of proper penetration of the dip into the wool, it must be repeated, to make a thorough destruction of them, to eradicate them from the flock, before cold weather sets in. Scab in Sheep—Successful Remedy. Take: Quicksilver. pee 9 | Venice turpentine is 4 lb. Spirits of Turpentine. 2 ozs. Melted Lard 44 lbs. Direcrions.—Work the first articles together thoroughly in a mortar; then mix into the warm lard and stir until cold. Apply to all seabs, and all places indicating the disease—at shearing, or whenever any indications appear—use a swab or sponge in applying, rubbing carefully when the skin demands it. Remarks.—A farmer of Olney, Oregon, who has used it ten years, says: ‘‘It saves wool and sheep.’’ There is not a doubt of the success of this ointment for seab in sheep, and I have no doubt. either, but that it will cure all eruptive skin diseases of persons. If less in amount is needed, keep the same proportions. Let it be applied in fine weather, else keep the sheep under sheds for a few days, lest cold, drenching rains might cause irritation from the quicksilver, which is mercury. (See scab remedies also for other animals. See Sulphur and Salt, Valuable for Sheep, above.) It is also claimed that sulphur, moistened with spirits of turpentine, and rubbed into the sores, will eure it. Lam, then, of the opinion that it is caused by an itch mite, the same.as itch on persons, which sulphur wiil kill; then why not cure scab, which is an itech, on sheep, dogs, and all other animals. Sheep Marking Ink. Linseed Oil I pt. Litharge 2 ozs. _ Lampblack id OF Boil together, and it is ready to use; and it will not crisp or injure the wool. Sheep—Wash to Prevent Them from Barking Fruit Trees. The following wash is recommended as a sure preventive of sheep barking fruit trees: ‘‘Take soap, the dirtier and stronger the better, and make very strong suds; dis- solve } 1b. whale oil soap in every six gallons, and into this stir, with brush or old stub of broom, sheep manure until it is as thick as good whitewash, and with this mixture wash the. trees as high as the sheep can reach. It will be found that no sheep will come near enough to rub against them for at least two months, the time depending much on the amount of rain. Keep the mixture handy, and repeat the application as often as hecessary—twice in a summer will suffice. Sheep running among fruit trees should’ have plenty of good fresh water; it is thirst that first induces them to gnaw the bark, but after they have once got a taste, they eat because they like it. The above mixture will effectually keep them away, and, besides, it is a very good application for the health of the trees, keeping the bark smooth and fine and killing any insects that come in contact with it.”’ Sheep Breeding. Never use a lower breed of buck on a higher grade of ewe. If you do you raise only the lower grade of sheep and the ewe will never thereafter breed anything but the lower grade. . Scours in Sheep. Mix 2 ozs. of lime water with 4 ozs. of raw linseed oil, and give when disease first appears. Give half a gill of ginger tea every four hours. Feed on gruel made of corn meal and flour, and put ginger in it. If dysentery intervenes give a teaspoonful of charcoal. Loss of Appetite. If a sheep loses its appetite give Chamomile Tea. Stretches, or Constipation. Give a porridge made of shorts. Feed on chopped roots. Let the sheep have exercise and good air. POULTRY, The hen is the most profitable thing you can have on your farm, and yet she is generally ieft to shift for herself. She should have her feed and water as regularly as the horse and cow, and her house should be kept as clean. Asa rule the hen house is left from week to week or month to month without cleaning. Of course she gets lousy, or worse, gets the cholera. To clean them and their house of lice follow these directions: “Take out of the house every perch, nest-box, or movable thing; remove all bat- tens, cleats, or anything whereby a crevice is made, so that the inside is smooth. Then make a whitewash of fresh lime, into which put two ounces of carbolie acid to a pailful. Wash the house thoroughly with this on the inside. Then wash the outside. Then smear the perches with a mixture of lard and kerosene, putting it on thick, so that when the fowls roost they will get some of it on their feathers. Also put some of it on each fowl, under the wings. This will clear the house, and the hens will clear them- selves, if no recruits are furnished from the house. ‘In a month, or less, if there is occasion, wash the house again, and grease the roosts; take care to fill all the holes and cracks in the poles. It would be well to pass the poles through a fire made of straw, exposing them to the flame, before greasing them.”’ Dust-Baths Necessary for Poultry to Keep them Free from Lice. Unless you have a fire-place in your poultry house, take dry, fine sand, or dry dust from the road, twenty measures (the size to be governed by the number of hens to be provided for); wood ashes, five measures; and sulphur, one measure, and mix well together and place in large, shallow boxes, or in one corner of the poultry house; at all events, sheltered from rain and snow. They delight to bathe and —46— dust themselves in this, as much as boys delight to bathe and frolic in the creeks of a summer day; besides, it keeps the lice from troubling the poultry if the house and perches are kept free from them by washes and fumigation. ; Water, Clean and Pure—Its Importance Daily for Poultry. A writer in the Fancier’s Journal believes that cholera will seldom trouble poul- try if they have a daily supply of pure water, and that ‘‘the omission to furnish it is one of the worst forms of cruelty to animals.’’ Another writer says: ‘‘Poultry should be as regularly watered as horses, cattle or any of the domestic animals.’’ These state- nents, from those in the business, should be taken as a ‘‘word for the wise,’’ which is sufficient. Fine gravel, unless they have easy and near access to it, should always be kept where the poultry can scratch and pick it over, as they will do daily, and eat it in con- siderable quantities as an aid in cutting their food in the gizzard. Charcoal, broken finely, should also always be given them once or twice a week at all times of the year. Good Food for Hens. Corn meal, oat meal and middlings, each 10 Ibs. SEO iain eee eeraene nese tes Rete sees bd. eeting ton sues 24 Ibs, Bone meal 0 es... eee isc OF Pepper (red ground) — beste cteevesereae F OZ, Mix evenly. Now take as much as necessary of this mixture and make stiff batter with boiling water and a little salt. Putin a pan and bake well. Crumble and feed. Of course you can feed the mixture dry, but the baking will pay. Use milk or cheap soup from scraps of meat or fresh bones to mix with, if you can afford it. Give your hens aecess to lime. Give charcoal of the size of peas once a week, or burned corn; don’t forget the gravel. Chop meat once a week and feed. It induces laying; so will boiled wheat, oats and barley, or buckwheat. Don’: feed more at a time than they eat up clean. ‘ To crowd on your young chicks for early market feed them by lamp light the last thing before you go to bed. Feed for Young Chicks. When they are 12 hours old give stale bread with milk, or boil an egg hard and chop it fine. When they are a day old add to this food curdled milk, scatter a few crumbs of bread crust on it so they will peck it. At a week old give boiled potatoes, boiled oat meal, mixed with a little bran, boiled rice, ete. Give no corn meal until three weeks old; when you do, cook it. When big enough, give cracked corn, wheat, and ground oats; season their food slightly with salt and pepper Feed what they will eat up clean. Don’t feed the young chicks on sour refuse stuff; give clean food. Fresh bones burned white and pounded fine and mixed with their feed twice a week, is good. Perhaps you can buy the meal and save the labor of burning and pounding. Mites, or Lice, on Chicks—To Prevent. To Prevent.—Set your hen in a clean, whitewashed box with new hay or straw. Sprinkle in some common smoking tobacco or a teaspoonful of sulphur. See that your Ot) ee a hen is clean; anoint her under the wings and back of the ears with fresh lard, and when the chicks hatched and are ready to move, give a new clean nest, made the same way; give a clean dust bath, and a dry coop; don’t make the hen cover them on the damp ground at night. If you fear they will get mites or lice take an ounce of vaseline and mix with it well 20 drops of earbolie acid, and put a little back of their ears and under their wings. White Comb. Appears as small white spots on the sides of the comb of the cock. If examined the head looks as though sprinkled with meal. Cure: Cocoanut oil ee ee Tumerick, powdered os Soa tee een ntd ae Sas heck iets OZ. Make an ointment and apply four or five times. Chicken Cholera—Successful Remedies. It has become a well-settled fact that if chickens have warm and dry, but well ventillated houses, of a size to correspond with the number kept, with their dust-baths, are properly fed, and have free access to pure water daily, with ordinary care, they will hardly ever have cholera or other diseases. Then, if it begins, see in which of these points you have failed, aud correct it at once. And ¢ Nov 1. It has always been found that onions chopped and put into the food once a day for several days, then once a week, and also ground ginger, a little (I should say as freely as they would eat it) in their meal at their next feeding, every day or two will eure cholera; then I claim they—the onions and ginger—will prevent it, if fed occa- sionally, when it is known to be prevalent in a neighborhood. A writer says: ‘‘Raw onions and a very little ginger against the world for curing cholera, if the disease has not been allowed to run too far,’’ and adds, ‘‘too much whole corn we have found in- jurious; it should be im meal, and only given once in three or four days in hot weather.”’ ‘ No.-2: Common red pepper, or cayenne pepper, one teaspoonful in a quart of milk, or a quart of meal, says Mrs. J. E. Duvall of Jamestown, Pa., ‘‘is the way 1 cured mine.”’ I know the cayenne and the ginger are both valuable in cholera, or looseness of the bowels, of persons, why not with these smaller animals? It must so prove. A poultry fancier (one who has a special liking for raising poultry) ‘‘ecures chicken cholera by feeding, every other day for two weeks, bran mash, in which he puts a liberal dose of common red pepper.’’ One old biddy, he says, ‘‘was determined to die, crouched in an out-of-the-way spot, but I sought her out, gave her a whole pepper in doses one hour a part, kept her in a warm place, and she, in a few days, gave me notice she could take care of herseif.”’ No.. 3S: ‘‘Hog’s lard,’’ another one claims, ‘‘cold, in doses of one level tablespoonful to a fowl], and if not better, repeated in twenty-four hours, isa tried and true remedy, and will cure if anything in creation will cure.”’ | No. 4. Alum and copperas is now claimed to be a well tested remedy for chicken cholera, given in the following manner: At the first symptoms (dropping and looseness) *‘dis- solve one teaspoonful of each, for each gallon of drinking water, and at the same time give daily, in the soft feed, a little sharp sand at the rate of one teaspoonful to each fowl. In severe cases give at once, by hand, mixedin a little dough, a piece of alum and cop- peras, each the size of a pea, and also mix a teaspoonful of sand with a little meal and water, for the fowl. Continue the medicated water and sanded feed until all signs of the disease disappear.” : No. 5. Lard melted 9 sins eae Is Turpentine ie ; , sets 1 oz. Dough (flour). _ ade tek Day Mix and feed to one dozen chickens twice a day. Gapes in Poultry—Cause and Successful Remedies. Causr.—‘‘Although this disease is believed to be contagious and epidemic, i. e., one catches it from another, and it is liable to affect a whole neighborhood, yet it is claimed to originate from foul water, exposure to wet, and a want of nourishing food. Then look out that none of these are allowed, and avoid gapes. The gapes are caused by fine red worms or maggots in the heart and trachea, or wind pipe, which makes them gape, or perhaps, more correctly speaking, to gasp for breath.”’ No. 1. Remepres.—Camphor spirits, 1 or 2 teaspoonsful to 1 qt. of their drinking water at the commencement may prove all that is needed; but if any become bad, a bit of camphor gum the size of a grain of wheat, for a chick, and of a small pea for an older fowl, put into the throat and retained there until swallowed, is claimed to be a ‘‘sure cure;’’ but a teaspoonful of camphor spirits should also be put into each quart of their drinking water. No. 2—For Gapes. Tosacco.—Smoking them by putting the lot into a box or boxes, with a pan of live coals in it, upon which sprinkle fine cut tobacco, covering up the box and smoking them till drunk. Says B. L. Scott in the Blade, ‘I will warrant every chicken.”’ No. 3. Salt butter has cured bad cases; given in the morning while they are hungry they will eat readily. If too sick to eat put some down the first time, the next morn- ing they will eat it of themselves. Giving two orthree times will generally be sufficient. This, with pepper, is recommended below. No. 4: Brack Pepper—A Mrs. M. D. Bush of Saline, Mich., informs the Detroit Post and Tribune: ‘‘Obtaining the grain pepper and grinding it, one teaspoonful is mixed in a half teaspoonful of Indian meal with a little water. Open the chicken’s mouth, drop in one pill of it per day till cured. One dose will usually cure them if given when first taken. =a No. 5. Take a small goose quill and strip off feathers to within a half inch of the end. § | | Dip in turpentine and pass carefully down into the windpipe which is easily seen at the base of the tongue. Give one or two quick turns and remove at once. It kills the 5 | worms and the fowl] coughs them up. To prevent, give wheat soaked in turpentine. Pip: Symproms.—Tongue is coated with a dry, horny scale, beak is yellow at base, feathers ruffled, no appetite, and more or less fever. Curre.—Apply to the tongue with a brush or small sponge, a little borax dissolved in water with a litle tincture of myrrh added. Roup—Cure with Aconite. The Canada Poultry Chronicle says: ‘‘When the fowl is attacked with the char- acteristic cough of this malady, or has tenacious mucus about the beak with difficulty of breathing, I place it in a wicker coop, in a quiet shed, and put before it a drinking fountain containing about a gill (4 ozs.) of water with which I have mixed one drop of tincture of aconite. In every instance during three years, this treatment has had an effect almost marvelous, for upon visiting the patient an hour or two afterwards, I have found that the symptoms had vanished. The attack fora day or two is liable to return, yet each time in a lighter form, but continuing the aconite water has in no instance with us failed to completely remove the ailment in about forty-eight hours.”’ RemarKs.—If so bad when found, that they will not drink, pour a teaspoonful of the aconite water down the throat occasionally, once in an hour or two, until they ean drink it. Scaly Legs of Poultry. Mix equal parts of lard and kerosine oil into a paste, with sulphur, and rub upon the legs daily until the scabs come off, then rub on a little sweet oil or a little lard or fresh butter. Egg-Eating Hens—Simple but Certain Remedy For. Make an opening into the large end of an egg and let out the contents, beat it up and mix into it enough mustard to re-fill it, and paste on a bit of cloth to keep it in; then place it where the egg-eaters can see and get at it. It is too much for them. And as they take it for granted that all the eggs are alike, they give up the habit. I cannot see why it would not be as good for egg-eating dogs as for hens. Eggs—To Keep. The general principle is to exclude the air, to put in a cool place and in dry mate- rial. Start with sound eggs only. Decay once begun be it ever so slight keeps on. All the following are good: No. |. Grease the eggs well in fresh salt butter and pack in very dry bran, in layers, with the small end down. Heat your bran in the oven. Any oil will do, but salt but- ter, if fresh, is better, and it takes but a little. The eggs, if in a cool place, wili keep eight months. You may use salt in place of bran, and they will keep seven months, The salt can be fed to stock afterward, so it won't ye wasted, No.2: Beat up the whites of fresh eggs with a little salt. Paint the eggs with this mus- cilage and pack in dry bran; put away in a cool place, and six months after they will be equal to fresh. No. 3 Boiling) waterss's:.21 setae jth Eh. tid, SOMES RSI eee dlrs aig ine Freshly slacked lime .. sh bocce eee 1 pt. Salt 5: ogauga edie sive ) adetaneiiake: oSeshs POI ase ee . 1 pt. Mix well. Let stand for three days in a cool place. Fill your keg or barrel half full with fluid of this strength. Then put your eggs down in it. It is said they will keep two years. No. 4. Pack in finely powdered, very dry. gypsum (Plaster of Paris) as in No. 1. Poultry—The average of Different Breeds as Layers. TABLE, WITH REMARKS UPON, Best Serrers, Moruers, Winter Layers, Etc.—Exper- iments have shown the following to be about the average laying capacity of the different breeds, yearly, and the weight of eggs to the pound: BREED No, Eocs Per La No. Per YEAR Light Brahmas and Patridge Cochins 1 130 Dark Brahmas .. Las 130 Black, White and Buff Cochins. 7 La Plymouth Rocks .. ...... 8 150 Houdans.. .............. Evers 8 150 La Fleche ... v 150 Creve Coeurs “4 ; as 140 Black Spanish ....... Saat 0 140 Leghorns. 8 160 Hamburghs. .............. peeks 9 150 Polish... seoraveclale. 125 Dominiques ... ...... . ier 2 135 Games _ : 8) 130 Bantams ..... 2. 16 90 To Prevent Your Hens from Getting Bumble Feet. Let their roosts be made of slats 2 or 23 inches wide, and be not over three feet high in front and rise with each perch gradually back. Keep them out of the cold and freezing wet ground. RARY OF CONGRESS Wy | 02 253251 a nec ah egy one ee ~~ SSS >