\%init.iiiiYt'J^uiii i ^Zt^yyTT^Y^ EDWARDS'S BOTANICAL REGISTER: OR, ORNAMENTAL FLOWER-GARDEN AND SHRUBBERY: ^*-»P'RAR\ NEU' VORK CONSISTING OF .J!tA&i)eW COLOURED FIGURES OF PLANTS AND SHRUBS, CULTIVATED tN BRITISH GARDENS ; ACCOMPANIED BY THEIR l^istorg, Best i*letho& of ZJreatment in ©ultibatton, ^ro}>agatton, kc* CONTINUED By JOHN LINDLEY, Ph.D. F.R.S. LS. and G.S. PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON, S)-c. Sfc. Sfc. VOL. n. OR VOL. XV. OF THE ENTIRE WORK. viret semper nee fronde caduc4 Carpitur. ^4 LONDON: ^<^ JAMES RIDGWAY, 169, PICCADILLY. /$^C^ M.DCCC.XXIX. aj^J^k'^ BOTA.NIQUE "^ #.<^;# VILLE de GENfiVB < ' Vol. 15~ ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF VOLUME IL OF THE NEW SERIES, VOLUME XV. OF THE WHOLE WORK. FvKum Aca?na pinnatifida 1271 Amaryllis coranica, var. j9a//ii/a .. 1219 Argemone grandiflora 1264 Azalea pontica, var. sinensis .... 12o3 Begonia villosa 1252 Bignonia Chereve 1 301 Buddlea helerophylla 12.'i9 Camellia japonica, var. punctata. . 1 267 Canna discolor 1231 Canna speciosa 1 276 Caprifolium longiflorura 1232 Chasmonia incisa 1244 Chrysanthemum indicum 1287 Clematis chlorantha 1234 Clintonia elegans 1241 Coreopsis aurea 1228 Correa pulchella 1224 Cotoneaster laxiflora 1305 Cotoneaster frigida 1229 Crinum latifolium 1297 Dendrobium anceps 1239 Dendrobium chrysanthum 1299 Dendrobium secundum 1291 Echeveria gibbiflora 1247 Eryihrina poianthes 1246 Fuchsia microphylla 1269 Fuchsia thymifolia 1284 Gesneria rutila, var. (itrosanguinea. 1279 Helianthus lenticularis 1265 Heuchera micrantha 1302 Hosackia bicolor 1 257 Ipomopsis elegans 1281 Iris tenax 1218 Isopogon formosus 1288 Jasminum acuminatum 1 296 Justicia picta 1227 Lepechinia spicata 1292 Leucocoryne odorata 1293 Lissanthe sapida 1275 Lophanthus anisatus 1282 Lovvea berberifolia 1261 Lupinus arbustus 1230 Lupinus aridus 1242 Lupinus micranthus 1251 Lupinus phimosus 1217 Folium Microstylis ophioglossoides 1290 (Lnothera viminea 1220 Glnothera decumbens 1221 Oxalis tortuosa 1249 Pentstemon acuminatum 1285 Pentstemon attenuatum 1295 Pentstemon confertum 1260 Pentstemon glaucum , „ 1286 Pentstemon glandulosum 1262 Pentstemon pruinosum 1280 Pentstemon Scouleri 1 277 Pentstemon speciosum 1 270 Pentstemon triphyllum 1 245 Persea gratissima 1258 Phlomis floccosa 1 300 Pimelea humilis 1268 Pleurothallis prolifera 1298 Polemonium caeruleum, var. pili- ferum 1 303 Polemonium humile . ., 1304 Polygonum injucundum 1 250 Prunus dasycarpa 1 243 Pyrus sinensis 1 248 Reevesia thyrsoidea 1236 Rhododendron arboreum, v. joseuni 1 240 Ribes cereum 1263 Ribes punctatum 1 278 Ribes setosum 1 237 Ribes tenuiflorura 1274 Ruellia Sabiniana 1238 Scottia angustifolia 1266 Scottia dentata 1233 Sisyrinchium odoratissinium .... 1283 Spermadictyon azureum 1235 Spiraea chamsedrifolia 1222 Stachys Salviae 1 226 Stachys germanica, \a.T.pul>esctns . 1^89 Sterculia lanceolata 1256 Tabernsemontana densiflora 1 273 Teucrium orchideum 1 255 Thermopsis fabacea 1272 Trachymene cterulea 1 225 Tupistra nutans 1223 Viola jjrsemorsa 1254 Zinnia violacea, var. coccinca .... 1294 ^jS,^;*^ w/^i<^^^.^^i!^>«*^^/^iv JSae' ■ „ . „.,,^ i^^ i. r /^ ^, -K,^fM ^ £2*^^, -f.^^y/t^u^iM/ 7 f^ ,:/^.i!aaM^^ .,^0^ / /itcig 1238 RUELLIA* Sabiniana. Mr. Sabine's Ruellia. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. AcanthacejE. RUELLIA. — Suprd, vol 7. foL 585. R. Sabiniana ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis denticulatis glabris subtus discoloribus, bracteis cuneatis glandulosis retusis coroUis ventricosis 4-pl6 brevioribus. R. Sabiniana. Wallich MSS. Caulis suffruticosus, 2-3 pedalis, ramosus, geniculatus, quadratus, ad nodos tumidus, subpurpureus. Folia subsessilia, ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, denticulata, glabra, subtus discolora. Spicse terminales et axillares, multi- florcB, semipedales. Bracte?e foliacece, persistejites, cuneatce,retuscB, glandu- loscE, purpurascentes. Flores solitarii. Calyx 5-Jidus, basi d. tergo bi-brac~ teolatus, laciniis subcequalibus, foliaceis, purpurascentibus, glandulosis, tubo brevi jmllido, snbeglanduloso. Corolla magnce , lilacincB, ventricoscB, venoscB, bracteis quadruplo longiores. This extremely beautiful flower, which will probably become one of the choicest ornaments of our Hothouses, has been named by Dr. Wallich in compliment to Joseph Sabine, Esq., F.R.S., &c. &c., the indefatigable Secretary of the Horticultural Society. It is a native of the Pundica Mountains, bordering on the district of Sylhet, whence it was introduced to the Botanical Garden, Calcutta, in 1824; but up to 1828 it had not flowered there. The leaves when young are of a deep purple on their * Jean Ruelle, after whom this genus has been named, was a French Botanist, born at Soissons in 1474, and died in 1537. He was at one time physician to Francis I., but afterwards abandoned medicine, and became a priest. In 1529, he published a good translation of Dioscorides; and in 1536, a work, Dc Naturd Stirpirim, which is chiefly remarkable as the first attempt to reduce into order the nomenclature of Botany ; it was, in fact, the first introduction to Botany : that by Fuchsius, his contemporary, to his Historia Stirpium, in 1542, was the second. lower side ; the flowers are of a delicate, very transparent violet blue ; and the bracteae, which remain long after the flowers have fallen, being of a warm lavender colour, and closely covered with transparent glands, give an air of beauty to the plant when the flowers themselves have fallen. It is a tender, greenhouse plant, propagated by cuttings : a cold greenhouse would not suit it, and a stove appears to be too hot for it. J. L. /23i/. .^^.a^. ■ ^u^/yj:^Ut;fti'-^/^^^lu>a^u(^y&ty-y^/^^ 1239 DENDROBIUM* anceps. Two-edged Dendrobium. GYNANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Orchide^. § Malaxidece. Lindley. DENDROBIUM. — Suprd, vol. 7. fol. 548. D. anceps ; caule ancipiti simplici, foliis distichis scapelliformibus planis, pedunculis binis ^ basi vaginarum brevissimis. Swartz act. holm. 1800. p. 246. Willd. sp.pl. 4. 136. Spreng. syst. 3. 738. Caules numerosi, comjjressi, carnosi, penduli. Folia disticha, carnosa, compressa, ovato-oblonga, acuta, pallide viridia. Flores solitarii, herbacei. Sepala ovata, erecta, acuta, interiora minora, inferiora cum basi productd columnce longe connata. Labellum unguiculatuvi, ecallosum, inappendicu- latum, articulatum, cuneatum, emarginatum, crenulatum, paululilm colo- ratum. Stigma bicallosum intrd cavitatem. Pollinia 4, didyma, libera, collateralia. Anthera pedicellata. An inhabitant of the trunks of trees in swampy, low situations, in the sestuaries of the rivers of Bengal and Pegu, according to Dr. Wallich, to whom the Gardens of England are indebted for the introduction of this curious species. In its natural position it is pendulous; but in our drawing it is represented erect, — the plant in the Garden of the Horticultural Society from which the figure was taken, having at that time been tied to a stake. It flowers at uncertain seasons, and grows more freely than other plants with a similar habit. In appearance it is very like the Herba supplex quinta ofRumphius, vol. 6. ]>. 111. t. 51. f. 2; but that plant has spiked flowers, and. Dr. Wallich informs us, is quoted by Roxburgh in his MSS. to his Dendrobium acinaciforme. * From ^sv^gov, a tree, and jS<'«5, life. All the g'eiiuine species are found upon trees, in the hot parts of the East Indies. Stems numerous, compressed, fleshy, pendulous. Leaves distichous, fleshy, compressed, ovate-oblong, acute, pale green. Flowers solitary, herbaceous. Sepals ovate, erect, acute ; the inner ones smallest, the lov^^er ones connate with the long base of the column. Lip unguiculate, with neither callosities nor appendages, articulated, cuneate, emarginate, crenulate, a little coloured. Stigma with two callosities within its cavity. Pollen masses 4, twin, loose, collateral. Anther with a little stalk. J. L. <5x ^ s 1240 RHODODENDRON* arboreum ; var. roseum. Rose-coloured Tree Rhododendron. DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Erice^. RHODODENDRON.— Suprcl, vol. 1. fol. 37. "R. arboreum; foliis glabrls lanceolatis subtiis micantibus, capsula valvulis 10, caule arboreo. R. arboreum. Smith exot. hot. t. 9. Suprd, vol. 1 1 . fol. 890. R. puniceum. Roxb. hort. beng. 33. /3. roseum ; foliis subtus ferrugineis, floribus roseis. In speaking at fol. 890 of the Scarlet Tree Rhododendron, we remarked, that there was in this country a variety with leaves ferruginous beneath ; that variety is the subject of the opposite plate. It differs from the true Scarlet Tree Rhododendron, in having bright rose-coloured flowers, and a little brown tomentum on the under side of the leaves, besides which it is rather more hardy. Upon comparing the specimen with Dr. Wallich's drawings, we find it perfectly identical with the plant as it grows in India; and also that there is another variety, having leaves ferruginous beneath, with white flowers. Our drawing was made in Mr. Joseph Knight's Nur- sery, in the King's Road, in February last : the plant was there cultivated in the Conservatory. Dr. Waliich kindly informs us, that this variety is found no where except upon " the summit of Sheopore, the highest mountain among those which confine the great valley of Nipal on the north, and at an elevation of not less * From po^ov, a rose, and y-v^^ov, a tree ; in allusion to the bunches of rose-coloured flowers with which it is covered. VOL, XV. E than 10,000 feet," where it grows intermixed with the white variety, which is, however, the less common of the two. In this mountainous region they both attain, along with the scarlet sort, the size of large forest-trees ; the latter, however, although it is found growing among them, is more naturally the inhabitant of a zone 5000 feet lower: it is also found all over the mountains of Nipal and Kumoon, and Sirmore ; and this may, as Dr. Wallich remarks, account for its being less hardy than the red sort; because the collectors are more apt to gather their seed from the trees low down on the mountains, than from those at a greater elevation. J. L. 1241 CLINTONIA* elegans. Elegcwt Clintotiia. SYNGENESIA MONOGAMIA. Nat. ord. Lobeliace.c /«)S^, I 1247 ECHEVERIA* gibbifldra. Gibbous -flowered Echeveria. DECANDRIA PENTAQYlsriA. Nat. ord. Crassulace^. ECHEVERIA. — Calyx 5-partitus, sepalis folia referentibus erectis, ima basi subcoiicretis. Petala 5, inferne coalita, eracta, crassa, rigidula ad nervum medium crassiora et fere basi trigona, acuta. Stamina 10, petalis breviora, basi cum petalis concreta. Squamce 5, breves, obtusse. Car- pella 5, in stylos subulatos abeuntia. Frutkes carnosi Mexicani, Folia alterna, caulina, aut rosulata, subopposita, integerrinia, enervia. Flores secils rachin, aut seeks cymce. rumos sessiles, coccinei aut jJavi. — Dec. prodr. 3.401. E. qibbiflora; foliis planis cuneiformibus acut^ mucronatis ad apices ramorum confertis, panicula patente, floribus seciis ramos breviter pedicellatis. — Dec. prodr. 3. 401. Memoirs sur les Crassulacees, p. 29. t. 5. Frutex carnosus, floridus, 2-3-pedalis, foliis ad apicem caulis brevis rosulatis, crimosis, glands. Racemus compositus, Jiexiiosus, bracteis iufe- rioribus majoribus, foliaceis. Petala aurantiaca, basi inter sepala producta pallidiora. A very handsome succulent plant, belonging to a small tribe peculiar to the Flora of tropical America. It lives readily in the Greenhouse, where it flowers in November and December. Our drawing was made in 1828, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where it had been raised from seeds collected on the western coast of South America by Mr. James M'Rae. M. DecandoUe says it is a native of Mexico. * Named in honour of M. Echeveria, a skilful Botanical painter, who executed many of the finest designs of the Mexican Flora, commenced under the direction of MM, Sesse, Moclno, and Cervantez. VOL. XV. F A fleshy shrub, when in flower 2 or 3 feet high. Leaves rosulate at the top of a short stem, fleshy, glaucous. Raceme flexuose, compound, with large foliaceous bracteae. Petals orange-coloured, their bases elongated beyond the sinuses of the calyx, paler than the rest. J. L. l2lifi ■'J^Ufl £^/yJJ'^(kfu^'£$ J7i}w^^Ju{ff/. /S2^ 1248 PYRUS* sinensis. The Chinese Pear. ICOSANDRIA PENTAGYNIA. Nat. ord, PomacEjE. Juss. Lindley's synops. 103. PYRUS. — Suprd, vol. 6. foL 514. P. chinensis ; foliis cordatis apiculatis lucidis serratis : junioribus subtiis pubescentibus, pedunculis corymbosis, calycibus intils glabris, fructu verrucoso osseo. Ri vulg6 Nas. Pyrus sativa fructu magno duro. Kcempf. amcen. 800. Pyrus communis. Lour. Ji. Cochin Ch. p. 321. Pyrus sinensis. Lindley in hart, trans. 6. 396. Hort. soc. fruit catalogue, p. 154. Arbor Pyri communis similis ; differt tamen ramis validioribus pallid^ viridibus demiim fusco-viridibus, foliis majoribus lucidis fere seniper- virentibus, fructibus austeris pomiformibus verrucosis osseis, calyce demiim intils semper glabra nee lanuginoso. This, the Chinese Pear, Sandy Pear, or Snow Pear, as it is indiscriminately called, is a species at present very little known in Europe. It is a native of China, whence it was originally introduced by the Horticultural Society in the year 1820, on board the Cornwall, Captain John Peter Wilson. It differs from the European Pear in having longer and greener branches ; larger, more lucid, and almost ever- green leaves ; insipid, apple-shaped, warted, very gritty fruit ; and a calyx, the inside of which is destitute of the down that is found in all the varieties of the European Pear. The Chinese call it the Sandy Pear, in consequence of the grittiness of its fruit, which is occasionally ripened in * Seefol. 1196. this country. As a fruit-tree it has no merit whatever; on the contrary, it is, as far as has yet been seen, perfectly worthless; but for an ornament of the Park or the Shrub- bery it deserves notice, being perfectly hardy. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society in April 1828. J. L. l^/i() l£u^^ y .MoCyuy^ /6i^ 2L^ociX<;^^Jltij//il'A^ 1249 OXALIS* tortudsa. Tortuous Oxalis. DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA. Nat. ord. Oxalide^e, OXALIS. — Supr^, vol. 2.fol. 117. Div, Caprinee. Acaules aut stipite nudo apice tantum folioso donatce, pedunculis uni- bi- aut scepiiis midtifloris, foliis radicalibus petiolatis pluri- foliolatis, scepiiis trifoliolatis.—Dec. prodr. 1. 695. O. tortuosa; caule carnoso sqiiamoso, foliolis 3 linearibus obtusis subti\s pilosis, floribus umbellatis, pedunculo petiolisque tortuosis subsequalibus carnosis. Caulis tortuosus, carnosus, squamosus, palmaris et ultrcL, in apice foliosus. Petioli atrovirides, Jiliformes, curnosi ; foliola parva, linearia, carnosa, subobtusa, subtus pilosa. Pedunculi petiolis similes, sed paulb longiores. Umbelli multiflori. Sepala triangularia v. rhomboidea, obtusa, paulb erosa, margine anteriore colorato. Petala lutea, cuneata, sanguineo magis minusve marginata. Stamina stylis subcequalia. Ovaria polysperma. A native of Chile, where it was found growing very sparingly in the neighbourhood of Valparaiso, by Mr. James M'Rae, in October 1825. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tui-al Society in June 1828. The plant is kept in the Greenhouse, where it grows with a tortuous scaly stem to the height of a foot or thereabouts. The O. carnosa figured at fol. 1063 of this work has, since it was published, ceased to produce its blossoms singly, or in pairs; but now developes them in many- flowered umbels. It would therefore be more properly * 0|«a;j is the Greek name for sorrel, so called on account of the acidity of the leaves. This genus is also acid, in as great a degree as sorrel, for which It is actually substituted in the countries where it grows. referred to the Caprina section of the genus, along with the present species. Petioles dark green, filiform, fleshy ; leaflets small, linear, fleshy, somewhat blunt, hairy beneath. Peduncles like the petioles, but something longer. Umbels many- flowered. Sepals triangular or rhomboidal, obtuse, some- what eroded, with their anterior margin coloured. Petals yellow, cuneate, more or less bordered with red. Stamens nearly equal to the styles. Ovaria many-seeded. J. L. iz5c. "" iAialaufiW '/€ li £7iuiiLu!^j -Suiy ''--^j/ 1250 POLYGONUM* injucundum. Unattractive Polygonum. OCTANDRIA TRIGYNIA. Nat. ord. Polygone^. POLYGONUM. — Suprd, vol. 13. fol. 1065. P. injucundum ; foliis triangularibus in petiolo attenuatis acutis, ochreis cylindricis truncatis glabris, racemis axillaribus foliis brevioribus, floribus octandris digynis, caule fruticoso. Caulis fruticosus, pedalis bipedalisve, teres, pwpureus, parum ramosus. Folia triangularia, glabra, in petiolo attenuata, venis inconspicuis. Ochrese membranacece, cylindricce, truncatcB, petiolo breviores. Racemi axillares, erecti, foliis breviores; bractese membranacece, ovatce. Perianthium 5-Jidum, cequaliter patens, herbaceum, tubo obconico, subcarnoso. Stamina 8, in disco connata. Ovarium subrotundum, digynum. This rare, though not very interesting, plant is a native of the high parts of the Cordilleras lying between Valpa- raiso and Santiago, where it was collected for the Horticul- tural Society by Mr. James M'Rae. Our drawing was made in the month of May 1828, from a plant growing in the Chiswick Garden, where it is cultivated in the frames. That the genus now called Polygonum comprehends several groups of plants requiring to be separated as distinct genera, is, we think, quite apparent from the very * So called on account of the numerous geniculations of tlie stems of some of the species {ttoXik;, many, and yow, a knee), according to De Theis and others : but this derivation is perhaps applicable to the herb ■^oXvyovu.Tov of the Greeks, which is supposed to have loeen the Convallaria latifolia of modern Botanists, rather than to the subject of the present article. The -TFohijyovov of the Greeks, under which were comprehended several species of the genus Polygonum, is said by the lexicographers to be derived from ToXvyovoi;, fruitful, productive; and Scribonius Largus expressly declares that " herba, quse, quia multa est, et ubique nascitur, Trohvyovov appellatur." excellent Monograph of Dr. Meisner, to whom the honour is due of having been the first to investigate scientifically the structure and modifications of these plants. But the fruit of this species being unknown, it is not at present possible to refer it accurately to its station. In habit it has most affinity with the Fagopyrum tribe ; but its ochrese are cylindrical and truncated, not semi-cylindrical. Perhaps this, and the Coccoloba sagittifolia of Ortega, are the repre- sentatives of a new form of the order peculiar to South America. The various species of Polygonum are better known as troublesome or uninteresting weeds, than as useful or orna- mental plants. We must not, however, be led to despise the meanest herb that grows, because its value is unknown to us : in proof of which, read the following extract from Dr. Meisner's Monograph : — Of all the species, the most useful are V. fagopyrum and tataricum, the grain of which supplies, in many parts of the old world, the place of corn : they have in some places acquired the name of Saracen wheat, in consequence of supplying the only kind of corn used by some of the wandering tribes of Asia : to people of this description, the Fagopyrums are of the utmost value, as they grow readily in any soil, and ripen their produce in a very short space of time. The culture of the common species is not, however, confined to Asia ; it is well known in almost every part of Europe ; and in Nipal it is grown along with P. tatari- cum and emaro-inatum. In Russia and Siberia the two first of these species are used; but in Europe the V. fagopyrum is preferred : nevertheless, according to M. Decandolle, the farmers of Piedmont, especially in the valley of Lucerne, chiefly employ the P. tataricum, because it ripens more quickly, and is therefore less likely to sufi'er from cold summers, or from being sown on the sides of the moun- tains. The Piedmontese distinguish the P. fagopyrum by the name of " Formentine de Savoie," and the P. tataricum by that of " granette" and " Formentine de Luzerne." The principal objection to the latter is, that its flowers expand irregularly and unequally, and that the flour is blackish and rather bitter. The 1? . fagopyrum is, however, cultivated in the richer parts of Europe as a food for domestic fowls or other birds, rather than for the use of man. Cakes made of the Hour of this species, we are told by Thimberg, round, coloured, and baked, are sold in every inn in Japan. Loureiro states, that P, odoratum is cultivated through- out the kingdom of Cochin China as an excellent vegetable for eating with broiled meat and fish. Humboldt states, that the South American Indians smoke the leaves of P. hispidum instead of tobacco. P. 'perfoliatum is said by Loureiro to be used by the Chinese for softening ivory and bone, so as to render them more fit for being coloured and stamped v^^ith various figures. According to the same w^riter, P. tinctorium is used for dye- ing linen of a beautiful blue or green colour. P. chinense, harhatiim, and avicidare, are cultivated in Japan for the same purpose ; of these, w^e are informed by Thunberg that the former yields a sort of indigo, — the leaves being dried and pounded are made into cakes, in which state they are sold for dyeing both silk and cotton. The medical properties of Polygonums are unimportant; none of the species are admitted into modern Materia Medicas, except the P. bistorta. The root of this abounds with an astringent principle, which has been said to be of the utmost efficacy in atonic and chronic diarrhoeas, haemorrhages, &c. The Centumnodia of the old Materia Medicas (P. aviculare) was said to have seeds endued with an emetic principle ; but there appears to be no ground for the assertion. There is also a species known in Brazil, in the province of St. Paul, called Erva de bicho, which is not only used as a sort of sauce for all kinds of meat, but is administered, both externally and internally, as a kind of universal remedy for diseases and wounds. J. L. 12bl LUPINUS^ micranthus. Small-flowered Lupine. DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. Leguminosje. LUPINUS. — Suprd,vol. Vi. fol. 1096. L. micranthus ; annuus, floribus subverticillatis sessilibus bracteolatis, calycis labio superiore bifido : inferiore integro, foliolis 5-7, lineari-spatulatis ciliatis, leguminibus 6-spermis transversim sulcatis, caule ramoso, radi- cibus granulatis. — Douglas. Annuus. Radix fibrosa, tuberculis carnosis, verruciformibus. Caulis erectus, ramosus, subpedalis, pilis brevibus albis pubescens. Folia digitata ; stipulis subulatis, foliolis 5-7, lineari-spatulatis, suprd glabris, subths pilosis, ciliatis, carnosis, circiter 3 quartas uncice longis. Flores subverticillati, pauci, sessiles. Bractese subulatcB, pilosce, foliis atriores. Calyx sericeus, labio superiore bifido, inferiore integro. Vexillum ovatum, cceruleum, medio album, maculis 2-4ue nigris parallelis. Alee oblongce, vexillo cequales. Carina falcata, acuta. Legumen lineari-ob long urn, transverse sulcatum, 5-6-spermum. Semina magna, fusca, grisea, nebulosa. — Douglas. If this is not to be compared in point of beauty with such fine species as L. perennis, ornatus, and others, which have been already figured in this work from Mr. Douglas's collections, it is nevertheless interesting as an addition to the number of species of annual Lupines. According to Mr. Douglas, this has much affinity with Lupinus bicolor, published at fol. 1109 of this work, from which it differs in being more slender, and in flowering from four to six weeks earlier. It is more particularly to be distinguished from that species by the shortness of its alee, its nearly sessile flowers, fleshy leaves, granulated roots, larger pods, and the colour and size of the seeds. * See fol. 1198. Mr. Douglas found it abundantly upon the gravelly banks of the southern tributaries of the Columbia, and in barren ground in the interior of California. &' A hardy annual, flowering from May to July. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society in 1828. " Annual. Root fibrous, with warty, fleshy tubercles. Stem erect, branching, about a foot high, with short white downy hairs. Leaves digitate, with subulate, dark stipules. Leaflets 5-7, linear-spatulate, smooth above, ciliate, with minute, short, fine hairs below, thick and fleshy, three- fourths of an inch long. Flowers partly whorled, few, sessile. Bractece subulate, pilose, darker than the leaves. Calyx silky, upper lip bifid, under entire, Vexillum ovate, blue, white in the centre, with two or four parallel black dots. Alee oblong, same length as the vexillum ; keel fal- cate, acute. Legumen linear-oblong, with transverse fur- rows, 5 or 6-seeded. Seeds large, brownish gray, mottled." — Douglas. J. L. mj2 ■liS'ultaf. iA^^ f yjidfu/ny/^g QlaxaoMy J/uiuy/./-j<, J-W!,A- 1252 BEGONIA* villdsa. Shaggy Begonia. MONCECIA POLYANDRIA. Nat. ord. BegoniacejE. BEGONIA. — Suprd, vol. 4. fol. 284. B. villosa ; foliis semicordatis obsolete duplicato-dentatis obtusis, petiolis ramisque villosis, capsulse ala majore rotundata. Caulis erectus, parum ramosus, versils fastigium villosus, deorsHm nudus. Stipules scariosce. Folia semicordafa, obtusa, obscure duplicatb-dentata, nunc subintegerrima, utrinque pilosa, petiolis villosis. Cymse paucifiora. Flores albi, parum rubescentes. Petala 4. Capsulse alis rotundatis, nulla modo angulatis, altcrd majore. We distinguish this species from the B. humilis of Dryander, from which Mr. Haworth has properly separated the B. humilis of this work, fol. 284, under the name of Suaveolens, by its obtuse leaves, more rounded wings of the capsule, and shaggy branches and petioles. In some of the Gardens near London we have seen it named B. hirsuta, which is a distinct species, with deeply incised, serrated leaves. B. semperflorens of Link and Otto's Abbildungen re- sembles this in many respects ; but is distinguishable by the absence of hairs from the stem and petioles, and by its green, not scarious, stipulse. Our drawing was made in September last, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, from a plant presented to that establishment by Sir Charles Lemon, by whom it was * Named in honour of Michel Begon, a Frenchman, born in 1638, who assisted Plumier in his works upon American Botany. raised from Brazilian seeds. A stove plant, readily in- creased by seed. Stem erect, but little branched, shaggy towards the top, more naked downwards. StipiilcE scarious. Leaves half cordate, obtuse, obscurely doubly toothed, sometimes almost entire, especially when old, hairy on both sides, the petioles shaggy. Cymes few-flowered. Flowe?^s white, with very little tinge of red. Wi?igs of the capsule rounded, with no angles, one of them much larger than the rest. J. L. 1253 AZALEA* pontica ; var. sinensis. Chinese Yellow Azalea. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Erice;e. AZALEA. — Supra, vol. 2. fol. 120. A. -pontica; foliis oblongis basi angustatis subundulatis rugosis subtiis glau- cescentibus pilosis, corymbo terminali capitato, corollse tubo piloso- glanduloso limbo subsequali. r » P u A. pontica. Linn. sp. 1669, aliorumque. Var. sinensis. A. sinensis. Lodd. botanical cabinet, t. 885. This fine plant has been received from China, at dif- ferent times both by Messrs. Loddiges of Hackney, and Mr. Wells of Redleaf, with each of whom it has now pro- duced Its flowers. The specimen from which our drawing was taken was communicated by Mr. Wells in April of the present year ; and about the same time we saw a bush in Messrs. Loddiges Greenhouse covered with clusters of blossoms. It IS one of the most shewy plants we know, and is, upon the whole, decidedly superior to the now common Azalea pontica of Asia Minor. Mr. Wells's plant IS not exactly the same as that represented in the Botanical ^^bmet differing from it in being a little more glaucous on the under side of the leaves, and in having the midrib covered beneath with long, scattered hairs. That the plant now figured, and those in the possession ot Messrs. Loddiges, were really introduced from China, there is no kind of doubt. But it does not to us appear by the *drv rorlV! T '''^"'^ ^^T^^ °^ '^^"^^''^' ^"^' ^^^ derives its name from the dry rocky places m which the species are found. any means certain that it is therefore a native of China, as it is commonly believed to be ; and for the following reasons. In the first place, no trace is to be found among the writers upon Chinese plants of such a thing as a yellow Azalea — a circumstance which is not likely to have occurred if so beautiful a species as the present had either been long cultivated in the Chinese Gardens, or been a native of their country. In the second place, this plant has as little affinity to the genuine Chinese Azaleas as it can have to remain in the same genus with them ; and thirdly, it does not seem to us practicable to distinguish it from the Azalea pontica, from which it differs chiefly in its head of flowers being more compact, its stamens shorter, and the upper segment of the corolla being spotted. We think it extremely pro- bable that these yellow Chinese Azaleas have found their way to China from the Caucasus, by the intervention of some of the Russian caravans which annually visit Nert- chinsk for the purpose of trading with the Chinese. However this may be, we are clearly of opinion that it is not botanically separable from the species to which we have referred it. Probably quite hardy. Messrs. Loddiges have hitherto kept their plants in the Greenhouse ; and the specimen from which this drawing was taken was also produced in a Conservatory : but we think there can be no reasonable doubt of its being as patient of cold as the species of which we consider it a variety. J. L. '-'^io^, iy S . CA^:1,. t.. • 1254 VIOLA* praemorsa. Bitten-rooted Violet. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. VioLACE.i;. VIOLA. — Supn), vol. l.fol. 54. § Cham^melanium, — Stigma sphseroideo-capitatum, utrinque fasci- culis pilorum onustum, foraminulo minuto sublaterali. Stylus compresso- clavatus. Stamina oblonga approximata. Torus planiusculus. Capsula spepe trigona. Folia seminalia ssepii'is subrotunda. Petala 2, ungue bar- bata. — De Gingins in Dec. prodr. 1. 300. V. prcemorsa ; caule simplici erecto, foliis ovato-oblongis petiolatis hirsutis integris, capsiilis pubescentibus. V. proemorsa. Douglas iii herb. Hart. Soc. Radix crassa, carnosa, prcemorsa. Herba perennis, subacaulis, villosa. Folia ovato-oblonga, subrhomboidea, cucullata, obsolete dentata, petiolorum longitudine ; stipulse lanceolatce, integerrimce. Pedunculi foliis ditplo longiores. Sepala linearia, pilosa. Corolla lutea, conspicua ; petalis superioribus patentissimis, inferiore cuneato basi striata. Stigma capi- tatum, utrinque pilosum. Capsula pzibescens. A common plant, according to Mr. Douglas, in dry upland soils, under the shade of solitary Pine-trees on the banks of the Columbia, and the plains of the river Aguilar, in California, flowering in April. With us it is an exceed- ingly pretty perennial, hardy, and growing readily among rockwork, on the north side of large stones. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society in 1828. The nearest affinity of this plant is, as Mr. Douglas informs us, with V. NuttalUi, from which it difl'ers in being * The <()!/ of the Greeks, which was our Viola odorata, gave rise to the name of Viola. VOL. XV. G larger, and having more conspicuous flowers and a denser pubescence. Root thick and fleshy, preemorse. The whole plant densely pubescent, nearly stemless. Leaves oblong-ovate, obtuse, villous, distantly denticulated, about as long as the petioles. Stipules lanceolate, entire. Peduncles almost twice as long as the leaves. Flower large, yellow. Sepals linear, pilose. Petals widely spreading; the lower broader, with two streaks at the base, cuneate. Stigma capitate, hairy on each side. Capsule oblong, pubescent. J . JL. 1255 TEUCRIUM* Orchideum. Orchis-flowered Teucrium. DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Labiate. TEUCRIUM. — Calyx 5-fidus, subsequalis. Corolla subunilabiata ; tubo brevi ; labio superiore abbreviate bipartite ; laciniis lateraliter reflexis ; labio inferiors trilobo ; lobo intermedio majore. Stamina 4, didynama, h fissura labii superioris exserta. Frutices, suffrutices, aut herbge. Folia opposita. Flores axillares, verticillati aut terminales capitato-congesti, V. verticillato spicati. CoroUse albidcB, fiavidce, violacecB, aut purpurea. — Kunth. synops. 2. 83. T. orchideum ; foliis oblongis obtusis integerrimis trilobisque pubescentibus, dentibus calycis ovatis, limbo corollas 5-lobo secundo labelliformi, floribus axillaribus solitariis, caule sufFruticoso. SufFrutex herbaceus, erectus, ramosus. Folia utrinque subpubescentia, nunc oblonga, integerrima, crenatave, nunc triloba, lobis lateralibus brevibus. Flores solitarii, axillares, brevissime pedicellati, foliis breviores. Calyx campanulatus, | 5-partitus, dentibus ovatis. Corolla puhescens, lutescens, rubro variegata, limbo toto aperto labelliformi. A half-hardy greenhouse plant, flowering in the open border, in July, August, and September. It is a native of Chile, whence seeds were brought to the Horticultural Society, in 1826, by Mr. James M'Rae, who found it common in the neighbourhood both of Conception and Valparaiso. An herbaceous under-shrub, branching a good deal, and growing in an upright manner. Leaves pubescent on each side, sometimes oblong and entire, or crenated, some- * Teucrium is one of the few instances, among the ancients, of plants being named in honour of men. The Trojan prince Teucer was comme- morated by the herb nvK^icv, which was the Teucrium Jucidum of moderns. times 3-lobed, the lateral lobes being short. Flowers soli- tary, axillary, on very short stalks, not so long as the leaves. Calij.v campanulate, half 5-parted, with ovate teeth. Corolla pubescent, yellowish, variegated with red, its limb spread open, so as to resemble the labellum of an Orchideous plant. Our drawing was made in August 1828, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society. It is increased by cuttings. J. L. tH-Oo ^Lu,/.M20. 1256 STERCULIA* lanceolata. Lanceolate Sterculia. IMONCECIA MONADELPHJA. Nat. ord. SterculiacejE. STERCULIA. — Suprd, vol. 3. fol. 185. S. lanceolata ; foliis integerrimis lanceolatis, carpellis oblongis oligospermis. Decand. prodr. 1. 481. S. lanceolata. Cavanilles dissert. 5. p. 187. t. 143. f. 1. Spreng. syst. 3.81. Arbor mediocris, ramis teretibus, glabris. Folia angust^ lanceolata v. oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, membranacea, utrinque glaberrima, petiolata; petiolisque utrinque tumidis. Flores parvi, paniculis parvis pilosis dispositi. Calyces stellati, patentee, rubro-fusci. Csetera Sterculice. This species is a native of China, whence it was brought to the Horticultural Society, in 1822, by Mr. John Potts, one of their collectors. It is a stove tree, producing its inconspicuous, dull-red flowers in May and June : the foliage is remarkably like that of Reevesia cliinensis, and constitutes its only claim to notice as an ornamental garden plant, unless it should hereafter produce ripe fruits, which, according to Cavanilles, are bright scarlet, with black round seeds, that stick to each side of the follicle when it opens. It was first described by this writer from a Chinese drawing sent to Jussieu by the Father D'Incarville, in which the leaves are much smaller than those here repre- sented ; but we have seen the size of the leaves of the cultivated plant vary so much, that we cannot attach any value to that circumstance. Professor Sprengel refers to this the Helicteres undulata So called from the foetid smell of some of the species. of Loureiro ; but if the S. lanceolata was only known to that Botanist by the figure of Cavanilles, it cannot be doubted that he has mistaken the undulation of the fruit for that of the leaves. A small tree, with taper, smooth branches. Leaves nar- rowly lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, mem- branous, quite smooth on each side, stalked, the petioles tumid at each end. Flowers small, arranged in small hairy panicles. Calyxes stellate, spreading, reddish brown. J. L. 1257 HOSACKIA* bicolor. Two-coloured Hosackia. DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Nat. ord. LeguminosjE. § Lotece. HOSA CKIA.— Calyx campanulatus 5-fidus. Alx vexillum subsequantes patentes. Carina rostrata. Stylus filiformis. Stigma capitatum. Legu- men cylindraceum, v. subcompressum, rectmxi, leeve. Herbee, toliis impare pinnatis, foliolis scepius alternis, stipulis membranaceis minutis aut obsoletis. — Bentham MSS. H. bicolor; glabra, floribus umbellatis ebracteatis, foliis 7-9-foliolati3. Bentham MSS. Hosackia bicolor. Douglas in herb. Hort. Soc. Lotus pinnatus. Hooker in bot. mag. 2913. " The whole plant glabrous. Root soft and creeping. Stems ascending', a foot and a half long, branching at the base, flexuose, terete, striate. Leaves pinnate, with 2, 3, or 4 pair of leaflets, nearly opposite, with a terminal one at a short distance from the -last pair ; leaflets nearly sessile, oblong or obovate, obtuse or mucronate. Stipules small, membranaceous. Peduncles axillary, about the length of the leaves. Flowers from 6 to 10, in umbels, pendulous, on short pedicels, without any or with very small membranaceous bractese at the base of the umbel. Calyx campanulate, rather fleshy at the base, the rest slightly membranaceous, with 5 rather unequal teeth, the two upper ones being less deeply cleft, and rather longer; the two lateral teeth, and the inferior one, equal and linear. Petals on long claws, that of the vexillum distant from the others. Vexillum yellow, ovate, spreading, and thrown back on the calyx. Ala; white, spreading, oblong, undulate on the margins. Carina yellow, rostrate, nearly as long as the alee. Stamina diadelphous, the solitary one generally vv'ithout any anther. Style incurved, filiform. Stigma capitate. Legume straight, or slightly incurved, about two inches long." — Bentham. A pretty perennial plant, found by Mr. Douglas in overflowed meadows * Dedicated by Mr. Douglas to David Hosack, M.D., F.R.S., &c., of New York, a gentleman to whom the scientific men of North America owe the same gratitude as those of England did to Sir Joseph Banks. between Fort Vancouver and the grand rapids of the Columbia. It is quite hardy, and easily increased by seeds. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, in August 1824. For the characters of the genus, and for the following valuable remarks, we are indebted to our friend Mr. George Bentham, who has studied that portion of Leguminosse to which Hosackia belongs with much care : — " This plant has much of the habit, as well as the inflorescence and fruit, of a Lotus, to which genus Dr. Hooker has referred it in the Botanical Magazine ; but, independently of the characters which may be drawn from the position of the alee, and the capitate stigma, the pinnate, not ternate, leaves, and the absence of the large foliaceous stipulse of Lotus, — cha- racters which appear to be of importance among most of the Leguminosse, — perhaps alone suffice for the adoption of the genus Hosackia proposed by Mr. Douglas. ** To this genus should be referred the Lotus sericeus of Pursh, which Nuttall, on account of the position of the aloe, transferred to Trigonella, under the name of T. americana, but which differs from the other species of that genus by its fruit being cylindrical, and not reticulate, the size of the carina, and its general habit. The leaves in this species are generally tri- foliolate ; but then the two lower leaflets are seldom opposite, as in the truly trifoliolate genera; and in the leaves of the more robust specimens, a fourth, and even a fifth leaflet may often be observed : the stipules are so small as scarcely to be visible. " Specimens of this species were also brought by Mr. Douglas from the North-west coast of America, as well as of two other species, which may be referred to the same genus, distinguishing them by the following characters : — 1. H. bicolor (tab. 1257); glabra, floribus umbellatis ebracteatis foliis 7-9- foliolatis. 2. K. decuinbens ; pubescens, floribus umbellatis bractea 1-3-foliolata foliis 4-5-foliolatis. Foliola alterna. Stipulce minutissimse aut nullee. Calyx profunde 5-fidus, laciniis linearibus ssqualibus villosis. Petaloriim forma fere ut in H. bicolore. Filamenta omnia antherifera. 3. H. Purshiana; pnbescens, pedunculis 1-floris bractea sub flore mono- phylla, calyce villoso, foliis 3- rarb 4-5-foholatis. Lotus sericeus. Pursh. jior. 2. p. 489. Trigonella americana. Nutt. gen. 2. -p. 120. Ser. in Dec. prodr. Foliola S8epii\s alterna. Stipulce minutissimse aut nullae. Calyx vil- losus, laciniis linearibus coroUam subsequantibus. Corolla parva petalis vix stipitatis. Stigma capitatum. 4. H. parvijiora ; glaberrima, pedunculis 1-floris, bractea sub flore saepii!is 3-foliolata, calyce subglabro, foliis 4-6-foliolatis. Radix tuberculis pisiformibus munita. Planta tota glaberrima glau- cescens ; foliola alterna oblonga obtusa. Stipulce minutissimse aut nullee. Calyx subglaber, laciniis brevibus parce pilosis. Corolla ut in H. Purshiana, sed minor. Stigma capitatum." J. L. 1;i-o6'. i'hCy^-A . . ^.tJ- ^JL^^u>^uA>y //fj^^MOiUi^J-^ ^^iKU^jI'Hi/ /. /di't. 1258 PERSEA* gratissima. The Avocado Pear. ENNEANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Lauri.n^e^. PERSEA Plumier. —Flores hermaphroditi. Cahjx limbo sexpartito ssepiils ingequali persisteute aut deciduo. Stamina 12, duplici serie dis- posita ; interiorum tria laciniis interioribus opposita sterilia ; tria laciniis exterioribus opposita fertilia basi glandiilosa, Antherce quadriloculares. Stigma subcapitatum. Driipa calyce persistente sexlobo sufFulta. Arbores, foliis alternis, viagis minusve coriaceis, integerrimis, exstipulatis ; pedunculis axillarihus et terminalihus, scepius pa7iiculatis et corymbosis. — Kunth. synops. 1. 453. P. gratissima; foliis elliptico-oblongis obtusiusculis subtiis hirto-pubes- centibus glaucescentibiisque, floribus corymbosis axillaribus, calycibus externe cano-tomentosis, fructu pyriformi. Kunth. 1. c. Laurus Persea. Jacq. obs. I. p. 37. Swartz obs. 152. Willd. sp. pi. 2. 480. Persea gratissima. Gcertn.Jil.fruct. 3. p. 222. Laurus? foliis oblongo-ovatis, fructu obverse ovato, pericarpio butyraceo. Broione jamaic. p. 214. The Albecato, Abacado, or Avocado Pear. Sloane jamaic. 2. 133. t. 222. /2. The Avocado, or, as it is often called. Alligator Pear, is one of the most esteemed fruits of the West Indies. In this country it is only cultivated in the stove, of which it is one of the rarest species. Our drawing was made in the princely Garden of his Grace the Duke of Northumberland, at Syon, — an esta- blishment which, whether we view it with regard to the * The vie^o-ciix, or ^rs^c-s^, of the Greeks, was a fruit-tree brought out of Ethiopia by the first inhabitants of Egypt; and is supposed to have been the Cordia myxa of moderns. But why the name should have been applied to an American plant, it would be difficult to explain. Botanical or Horticultural interest that attaches to it, pro- mises to be soon the most important, as it is already the most magnificent, in Europe. Sir Hans Sloane thus speaks of the Avocado : — " This tree grows commonly to the size of our largest apple-trees in Europe, and spreads pretty wide at the top. The branches are very succulent and soft, the leaves oblong and veiny, and the fruit of the form of a pear ; but the pulp is covered with a tough skinny coat, and contains a large rugged seed, which is wrapped up in one or two thin membranous covers. The fruit of this tree is one of those that is held in the greatest esteem amongst all sorts of people in these colonies : the pulp is of a pretty firm consistence, and has a delicate rich flavour ; it gains upon the palates of most people, and becomes soon agreeable even to those who cannot like it at first ; but is so rich and mild, that most people make use of some spice or pungent substance to give it a poignancy ; and for this purpose, some make use of wine, some of sugar, some of lime-juice, but most of pepper and salt. Most sorts of creatures are observed to feed on this fruit with pleasure ; and it seems equally agreeable to the horse, the cow, the dog, and the cat, as well as to all sorts of birds; and when plenty, makes a great part of the delicacies of the negroes. " The tree requires some care, a rich soil, and a warm situation, to raise it to perfection. It was first introduced from the continent." J. L. 1259 BtlDDLEA* heterophylla. Various-leaved Buddlea. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Scrophularine^. BUDDLEA Linn. — Calyx quadrifidus sequalis. Corolla campanulata aut tubulosa ; limbo quadrifido, regulari. Stamina 4, sequalia, inclusa, rarissim^ (in B. salicifolia) exserta. Stigma capitatum aut clavatum. Capsula bilocularis, septicido bivalvis ; valvis bifidis ; placenta centrali demiim libera. Arbores frutices aut herbse, raniis i'oViisque oppositis integris. Flores terminales, paniculati, scepius capitato-conglomerati, rarius axillares, verticillati. Corol\?e Jlavidce aut albidce. — Kunth synops. 2. 110. B. heterophylla; ramis teretibus lanatis, foliis subtils lanatis inferioribus cordato-oblongis acuminatis denticulatis superioribus ovato-lanceolatis subintegerrimis, floribus spicato-paniculatis lanatis, Frutex ramis diffusis, nullo modo tetragonis. Folia supi'H subpilosa incana superiora vel basi ovata v. attenuata. Flores lutei. The native country of this plant is not known : we presume it is South America, from its great resemblance to B. americana and its allies, from all of which, however, it is specifically distinct. It is a handsome stove plant, flowering from January till May. Our drawing was made in Mr. Lee's Nursery. Particularly distinguished by the difference in form between its upper and lower leaves, and by its taper branches and bright-yellow flowers, both densely covered with down. The young flowering shoots have a pendulous direction, which adds much to the beauty of the plant. J. L. * So called after Adam Buddie, an ancient English Botanist, whose Herbarium is still preserved in the British Museum. 1260 PENTSTEMON* confe^-tum. Clustered-flowered Pentstemon. DIDYNA3IIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Scrophularine;e. PENTSTEMON. — Suprd, vol. 13. /oZ. 1121. P. confertum ; foliis integerrimis glabris : radicalibus spatulatis acuminatis longe petiolatis, superioribus sessilibus ovatis acuminatis, verticillis multi- floris confertis subaphyllis, corolla calyce paulo longiore. P. confertum. Dotiglas in herb. Hort. Soc. Perennis. Caulis erectus, simplex, ascendens, teres, viridis, lucens, pedalis bipedalisve. Folia radicalia Imiceolata, in petiolo attenuata, inte- gerrima, longe petiolata ; caulina subamplexicaulia, in bracteis laceris, membranaceis, acuminatis, demdm mutata. Flores verticillati, conferti, siibsessiles, numerosi. Calyx laciniis acutis, mucronatis, sublaceris, v. fim- briatis. Corolla tubulosa, subventricosa, pallidt ochroleuca, bilabiata, extiis glabra ; labio superiore bilobo, inferiore pilis brunneis harbato. Antherse glabrce, lobis divaricatis. Rudimentum staminis 5-ti apice superne barbatum. — Douglas. A very common plant, according- to Mr. Douglas, in open places, in mountainous Pine woods, in dry sandy soils, between Salmon River and the Kettle Falls in the Columbia, in the 48° north lat. ; also in the valleys of the Rocky Mountains, in similar soil, at an elevation of 7000 feet above the level of the sea : flowering in July and August. It was introduced by its discoverer in 1827, in the autumn of which year it flowered in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where our drawing was made. It is by no means one of the handsomest of the genus ; but it is a truly distinct species. * See fol. 1245. A hardy perennial, propagated by seeds and division of the roots. It will grow in any common garden soil. ** Stem erect, simple, smooth, green, and glossy, varying in height from 1 to 2 feet. Radical leaves lanceolate, tapering to the base, quite smooth and entire, on long stalks ; cauline leaves sessile, somewhat amplexicaul, ovate- acuminate, passing into membranous, lacerated, acuminate bractese. Flowers terminal, crowded, whorled, nearly sessile, numerous. Segments of the calyx acute, mucronate, slightly lacerated or fringed. Corolla tubular, somewhat ventricose, pale yellow, smooth externally; the upper lip 2-lobed, the lower bearded with brown hairs. Stamens as long as the tube ; anthers smooth, with divaricating lobes. The rudiment bearded on the upper side at the apex, longer than the perfect ones." — Douglas, <3 . xu. /^O/. %M rv ,4^ 1261 LOWEA* berberifdlia. Berherry-leaved Lowea. ICOSANDRIA POLYGYNIA. Nat. ord. Rosacea. LOWEA.— Folia simplicia exstipulata. Aculei saepiiis compositi. Ccetera Rosge. Lowea berberifolia. Rosa simplicifolia. Salisb. hort. allert. 359. Parad. Lond. 101. Olivier voyage 5. 49. abl. t. 43. R. berberifolia. Pallas in 7iov. act. Petr. 10. 379. t. 10. /. 5. Willd. sp. pi. 2. 1063. Ait. Kew. ed. alt. 3. 258. Smith in Rees in I. Redoute ros. 1. 27. t. 2. Lindley Rosarum monogr. p. 1. ed. gall. p. 23. Decand. prodr. 2. 602. Sprang, syst. 2. 546. Wallroth monogr. p. 25. This rare plant is a native exclusively of a few districts in the north of Persia, and of the desert of Songari in Chinese Tartary. From the latter place we possess specimens collected by Shankin, an officer employed by the Russian government in surveying the province ; and of the former, the plate that accompanies this article is a representation. It was taken from a plant that flowered in August 1828, in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where it had been raised from seed sent home by Sir Henry Willock. The Persian plant differs in some respects from the Songarese one, especially in being more glaucous ; and the plants raised from the Persian seeds of Mr. Willock varied among each other in several slight particulars, — none of which, however, were of any interest in a Botanical point of view. The two most important topics connected with it relate, firstly, to its genus, and, secondly, to its cultivation. In the latter respect no more appears to be known now than was known upon its first * Named in compliment to the Rev. Mr. Lowe, travelling Bachelor of the University of Cambridge ; a gentleman now resident in Madeira, from whose Botanical investigations of that island we expect important results. introduction. It resists cultivation in a remarkable manner, sub- mitting permanently neither to budding, nor grafting, nor laying, nor striking from cuttings ; nor, in short, to any of those operations, one or other of which succeed with other plants. Drought does not suit it, it does not thrive in wet ; heat has no beneficial effect, cold no prejudicial influence ; care does not improve it, neglect does not injure it. Of all the numerous seedlings that were raised by the Horticultural Society from Mr. Willock's seeds, and distributed, scarcely a plant remains alive. Two are still growing in a peat border in the Chiswick Garden ; but they are languishing and unhealthy ; and we confess, that observation of them in a living state for nearly four years has not suggested a single method of improving the cultivation of the species. As to its genus, it is well known, that since the days of Linneeus the characters of the genera of flowering plants have been exclusively taken from the organs of fructification, while those of vegetation have been rigorously excluded. This has arisen from the former having been supposed in all cases more constant in their modifica- tions, and less subject to variation, than the latter. No other reason can be assigned for the value thus exclusively ascribed to the organs of fructification. It is, however, time that Botanists should dis- embarrass themselves of this ancient prejudice, and admit publicly that by which they are constantly influenced in private — that important modifications of the organs of vegetation are sufficient to divide into genera, species which do not essentially differ in the organs of fructification. Of this the Indian Cypripediums are one instance, the genus Negundium is another, and the subject of this article is a third. The structure of its flower is in every respect that of a Rose ; but its fohage is not even that of a Rosaceous plant, there being no trace of stipulse. The simple leaves are not analogous to the terminal pinna of a rose-leaf, for there is no trace of the articulation upon their petiole, which is required to indicate a reduction of a compound leaf, as we find in Berberis ; neither can they be considered confluent stipulse, for their venation is not what would be found under such circumstances, but precisely that of an ordinary leaf. J. L. ^ 1262 PENTSTEMON* glanduldsum. Glandular Pentstemon. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Scropiiularinete. PENTSTEMON. — Suprd, vol 13. fol. 1121. P. glandulosum ; glanduloso-pubescens, foliis radicalibas ovatis grosse dentatis, caulinis amplexicaulibus acutis subintegerrimis, sepalis capsulse glabrse subgequalibus, coroUis ventricosis, rudimento glabro. P. glandulosum. Douglas in herb. Hort. Sac. Perenne ; undique, capsuld salvd, pilis brevibus, moUibus, glandulosis obsitum. Caulis strictus, hipedalis v. ultrcl, teres. Folia radicalia ovata, breviter petiolata, grosse dentata ; caulina cordato-ovata, acuta, amplexi- caulia, inferioribus paululum dentatis, superioribus integerriinis. Flores terminales et axillares, racemoso-paniculati ; umbellulis pedwnculatis, scepius trijioris, foliis longiores, basi bracteatis. Calyx laxus, laciniis ovatis, capsulce maturce eequalibus. Corolla magna, ventricosa. Digitalis instar, pallide rosea, int us purpureo vittata ; fauce subcompressd ; limbo bilabiato, labio superiore bilobo, lobis conniventibus, inferiore tripartito, viajore laciniis lateralibus incurvis super mediam subincumbentibus. Antherce alb(B, ciliates. Rudimentum rectum, glabrum, spatulatum. Capsula ovata, glabra. Semina angulata. Of the various discoveries that have resulted from the journey of Mr. Douglas to the north-west coast of America, the new species of Lupinus and Pentstemon will probably be found the most interesting to the cultivator, in con- sequence of the great beauty and variety of their forms, and their hardy habits. Natives of a country, the mean temperature of which is supposed to be very like that of Great Britain, they seem as well adapted to our climate as to their own, and flourish as gaily on the fertile margin * See fol. 1245. VOL. XV. H of the Thames as on the rude banks of the Columbia and Multnomah. We are informed by Mr. Douglas, that " this hand- some and strongly marked species, in its native country is not so plentiful as many others. In the dry, gravelly, or rocky channels of mountain torrents in the Rocky Moun- tains, lat. 47° north, and at the base of the Blue Moun- tains on the banks of the Kooskooskee river, 6300 feet above the level of the sea, it occurs frequently." Introduced in 1827. It flovv^ered in the Garden of the Horticultural Society for the first time in June 1829, where our drawing was made. It is a hardy perennial, increased by seeds, or division of its roots. The following list of the Pentstemons that have been found by Mr. Douglas, and which are now growing in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, will shew the extent to which our Gardens have been enriched with them. P. glandulosum. Fol. 1262. triphyllum. Suprd, fol. 1245. confertum. Supra, fol. 1260. diffusum. Supra, fol. 1132. Richardsonii. SuprH, fol. 1121. Scouleii. ovatum. speciosinn. acuminatum, venustum. pruinosum. deustum. attenuatum. " Whole plant clothed with line, soft, silky, glandular hairs. Stem erect, two and a half to three feet high, round, of a reddish rusty colour where exposed to the sun, greenish above. Radical leaves ovate, on short foot- stalks, soft, and nearly veinless, widely and coarsely toothed ; cauline leaves amplexicaul, ovate, acute, broader at the base and more finely toothed than the radical leaves. Flowers in a very long, terminal, densely clustered panicle, rose, with dark purple streaks in the inside. B?'acteas cordate, entire. Peduncles erect. Pedicels mostly 5 or 7, together. Segments of the calyx broadly ovate, very large, linear, somewhat longer than the perfect cap- sule, slightly contracted about the tube of the corolla. Corolla covered on the outside with a short, glandular, viscid pubescence. Tube contracted, channelled on the upper side. Fau.v ventricose, slightly flattened at the mouth. Limb 2-lipped; upper lip bifid, with smaller revolute laciniee ; under lip trifid, with larger laciniae. Filaments curved. Anthers kidney-shaped before expan- sion, white, valves ciliated. Rudiment longer than the fertile filaments, straight, white, naked and flattened or spatulate at the apex. Capsule large. Seeds numerous and angular." — Douglas. J. L. Note. In describing Bnddlea heterophylla, fol. 1259, we overlooked the B. raadagascariensis of the Botanical Magazine, t. 2824, which is evidently the same plant. But while we indicate the synonym, we remain of our first opinion, that the species is an undescribed one : B. madagascariensis of Lamarck and Vahl is described with 4-cornered branches, and leaves smooth and shining above ; while B. heterophylla has taper branches, and leaves downy above. It is undoubtedly true, that the lower leaves of B. hetero- phylla become smooth ; but neither Lamarck nor Vahl appear to have seen them, or they would have noticed the remarkable difterence in form that exists between the upper and lower leaves. /Z6'^ ;'-i#? i^-W^ ^/y J JU^U/'iU^ /' 1263 RIBES* cereum. Waocy Currant. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. GiiossuLACEi?:. RIBES. — Supra, vol. 2. fol. 125. R. cereum ; inerme, foliis subrotundis crenatis sublobatis glanduloso-pubes- centibus basi truncatis integerrimis, racemis cernuis pediinculatis pauci- floris umbellatis, bracteis ovatis tomentosis, calycibus tubulosis coloratis pubescentibus. R. cereum. Douglas in herb. Hort. Soc. Frutex humilis, undique rove cereo pruinosus. Rami inermes, cortice fusco deglubente. Folia petiolata, suhrotunda, crenata, pubescentia, adultis glabris lohatis; petioli pubescentes. Flores albi, inracemis cernuis, 4:-5-Jloris, umbellatis, pedicello glanduloso insidentibus disposifi ; bractece ovatce, to- mentosce, apice dentatce, ovariis longiores. Calyx tubulosus, cylindraceus, ovario duplh longior, pubescens, glandulosus. Stylus inclusus. Baccae parvce, sphcei'icce, glabrce, calyce longo coronatce. A small hardy shrub, native of dry rocks on the. north- west of North America, from the great falls of the Columbia to the Rocky Mountains, where it was discovered by Mr. Douglas. It flowered for the first time in April of the present year, in the Garden of the Horticultural So- ciety, where our drawing was made. The cultivated plant agrees entirely with the native specimens brought home by Mr. Douglas. It is one of the most distinctly marked of the genus. Branches unarmed, with the old bark peeling off; when young covered, as all the rest of the plant, with a white waxy exudation. Leaves stalked, roundish, crenate, pubes- cent, when full-grown smooth and lobed; petioles downy. * See fol. 1237. Fiowei^s white, arranged in cernuous, 4-5-flowered, umbelled racemes, which are seated upon a glandular peduncle ; bracteae ovate, downy, toothed at the end, longer than the ovaries. Caly.v tubular, cylindrical, twice as long as the ovarium, pubescent and glandular. Berries small, round, smooth, crowned by the long calyx. Note. We are informed by Mr, Otto, that the Gesneria macrostachya of fol. 1202 of this work had been previously pubHshed in the Transactions of the Prussian Horticultural Society, under the name of G. latifolia of Martins. m^^. ylJiit^J'. aisil: ■tf /Cy ^i^xui^i^ J^ . / ti^C/- 1264 ARGEMONE* grandifldra. Large-flowered Mexican Poppy. POLYANDRIA MONOGYNIA. ■ Nat. ord. Papaverace*. ARGEMONE Unn. — Sepala 2-3 concava, mucrone superata, pilis aculeiformibus aspera. Petala 4-6. Stamina 00. Ovarium ovatum, stig- matibus 4-7, radiantibus persistenlibus concavis liberis (nee super discum sessilibus) coronatum. Capsula ovata, l-locularis, valvulis apice debiscens, placentis linearibus. Semina sphserica, strophiolata. Herba annua, succo Jiavescente donata, in caule, foliis, et calyce pilis rigidis subacideata. FoHa sessilia penninervia, repando-sinuata, sinubus dentato-spinulosis, sceph albo maculata aut picta. Pedunculi axillares, semjier erecti, nee ante anthesin infiexo-cernui. Floras y?a^'^ aut albi. — Dec. syst. 2. 85. A. grandiflora ; foliis oblongis pinnatifidis planis pauci-dentatis, calycibus inermibus. A. grandiflora. Hort. angl. Caulis erectus, teres, glaber, pallid^ viridis, undique striis acicularibus, purpureis notatus. Folia oblonga, pinnatijida, medio maculata, pauci- dentata. Flores terminates, subterni, matutini, bibracteolati. Calyx caducus, tricornis, triphyllus, pallide viridis, inermis. Petala magna, alba, membranacea, subplicata, sex, duplici serie. Stamina plurima, brevia, hypogyna, antheris basi insertis, apice gyratis. Ovarium \-loculare, placentis 4 parietalibus polysjjermis. Stigmata 4, lunata, incurva, sessilia (incurid pictoris tria in icone). This is one of the multitude of fine plants with which our Gardens have been enriched by the importations of Robert Barclay, Esq. of Bury Hill. It is one of the most ornamental hardy annuals we are acquainted with, and far superior to any other of the Poppy tribe, except Esch- scholtzia californica. A native of Mexico, flowering from June to September. * So called from argema, or a cataract of the eye, which it has been thought to cure. Our drawing was made from specimens communicated by Mr. Barclay, in August 1827. Stem erect, taper, smooth, pale green, marked all over with fine purple streaks, like what would be produced by the point of a needle. Leaves oblong, pinnatifid, spotted with white in the middle, few-toothed. Flowers terminal, usually growing in threes, opening in the morning, each with two small bracteae. Calyx deciduous, 3-horned, 3-leaved, pale green, unarmed. Petals large, white, mem- branous, somewhat plaited, consisting of 6, in two rows. Stamens numerous, short, hypogynous ; anthers inserted by their base, rolled up at their apex. Ovarimn 1-celled, with 4 parietal polyspermous placentas. Stigmas 4, lunate, incurved, sessile (not 3, as is inaccurately represented in the figure). J. L. 1265 HELIANTHUS* lenticularis. Californian Sun-flower. SYNGENESIA POLVGAMIA FRUSTRANEA. Nat. ord. CoMPOsiXiC. § Corymbiferae. HELIANTHUS.— Suprd, vol. 6. fol. 508. H. lenticularis ; annuus, foliis ovatis acuminatis grosse serratis hispidis tripliveniis, pedunciilis monocephalis aequalibus. H. lenticularis. Douglas in herb. Hort. Sac. Annuus. Caulis erectus, orgyalis v. ultra, hispidus. Folia ovata, longe petiolata, grosse serrata, hispida, triplivenia. Capitula pedunculo hispido insidentia, basi bibracteata. Involucrum squarrosum, planum, foliolis ovatis, cuspidatis, hispidis. Flosculi radii 36, acuminati. Palese tri- dentatce, fiosculis disci paulo breviores. Flosculi disci limbo iiitiis atro- purpureo, extiis luteo. Pappus bicornis. This species of annual Sun-flower is nearly related to H. tubaeformis, from which, according to Mr. Douglas, it differs in not having the leaves cordate at the base, or the peduncle fistular and thickened. It is a handsome plant, growing in the Gardens 6 feet high, with much smaller flowers than those of H. annuus. It was introduced by Mr. Douglas from North-west America in 1827. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, in August 1828. We are informed by its discoverer that it is a variable plant, abounding over the greater part of the temperate countries situated in the interior and western coast of North America. In sandy parched ground it is a diminu- tive annual, scarcely a foot high ; while on the banks of * From >)Avi^fe^^^ixaa<:^ Jf-v. /s-k.^, 1267 CAMELLIA* japonica punctata. Gray's Invincible Camellia. MONADELPHIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. Ord. TERNSTROMIACEiE. CAMELLIA. — Suprd, vol. 1. fol. 22. Camellia japonica. Vide supnl, vol. \. fol. 22. V. Fetalis subcarneis rubro maculatis punctatisque, interioribus contortis, staminibus interjectis. *' The variety of Camellia japonica here represented was raised in 1824 by Mr. George Press, Gardener to Edward Gray, Esq., F.H.S., Harringay House, Hornsey, from seed of the semidouble red, impregnated with the pollen of the single white ; to the latter of which it has considerable resemblance both in its growth and habit. " The leaves are thick, smooth, and of a dark shining green colour, usually about 3^ inches long, and 2 inches broad, convex, and nearly oval, with moderately large ser- ratures, and a sharp recurved point. They are seldom undulated like the leaves of the single white, but have similar prominent veins, and a strong, pale green midrib. Petiole about fths of an inch long, a little flattened above, otherwise quite round, and of the same colour as the midrib and veins. " Flower- buds large, roundish oval, covered with 7 or 8 roundish concave, densely pubescent, yellowish green scales, slightly tinged with pale red at their edges. The Jlowers when fully expanded vary from 3 to 4 inches in * This genus is named in commemoration of the services rendered to the Botany of his time by Father Kamel, a Moravian Jesuit, and traveller in Asia. He flourished at the end of the seventeenth century. diameter, and are of a very delicate blush colour, almost white ; striped, and slightly spotted with pale rose, in the manner of what is known by Florists as a rose flake carna- tion. The exterior petals are nearly round, or but a very little cordate, and spread almost flat ; each of them is upwards of an inch in diameter. The interior petals are numerous, and of an irregular shape, some of them being comparatively large, and roundish, often a little compressed and undulated; others are small, narrow, pointed, and incurved. They do not lie flat over one another, but are loosely arranged in a cluster, similar to the petals in the centre of the flower of the Pompone Camellia represented at fol. 22 of this work, although not so upright or compact. In some of the flowers, a few parcels of stamina may be sometimes observed ; but they are for the most part all transformed into small narrow petals." For the above account of this plant we are obliged to Mr. W. B. Booth, of the Horticultural Society's Garden, who has studied the varieties of Camellia more attentively than any other person, and who, in conjunction with Mr. Chandler, jun., is preparing a fine illustrated work upon the subject, which we have no doubt will do both the authors credit. J. L. laOtf ^Ha^.C^ii^. ^^ii^ /iS^a^/ii ■ -^ '<^-^- f.l^S^.- 1268 PIMELEA* humilis. Lowly Pimelea. DIANDRIA M0N6GYNIA. Nat. ord. ThymeL;E;E. PIMELEA Banks et Solander. — Perianthium infundibuliforme, limbo 4-fido, fauce esquamata. Stamina duo fauci inserta, laciniis exterioribus opposita. Stylus lateralis. Stigma capitatum. Nux corlicata, raro bac- cata. Frutices. Folia opposita, raro alterna. Flores capitati, ter- minales, foliis involucrantibiis, scepc dissimilibu%, intcrdiim connatis, rariUs spicati V. axillares, quandoque dioici. Perianthii tubus in plerisqiie medio articulatus, articulo viferiore persistente. — R. Brown prodr. 1. 359. § 2. Folia opposita. Capitulum terminale. Folia fioralia rameis snbsimilia. P. humilis ; foliis utrinque glabris oblongis obtusis ; floralibus ovalibus intiis villosiusculis, perianthiis sericeis, caule erecto subsimplici, ramis pubes- centibus. R. Brown I. c. Romer et Schultes, 1 . 274. Spreng. syst. 1. 92. Frutex humilis, ramulis simplicibus, erectis. Folia imbricata, ovato- oblonga, subtus convexa, glauca, glabra. Involucri foliola conformia, intus sericea, margine ciliata. Flores pauci, 8-10, sericei, basi glabri. Stamina brevia. Our drawing of this was made at the Comte deVandes' in June 1828. A low greenhouse shrub, native of New Holland, whence it has been introduced within a few years. Like the rest of its genus, it is cultivated without any difficulty in peat and loam, and propagates readily by cuttings. "We refer this to P. humilis, solely by Mr. Brown's brief diagnosis, with which it agrees tolerably well ; not having * A name said to be derived from 7r;fcsA«, fat ; for the application of which there seems to be no intelligible reason. seen any authentic specimen : in some respects it approaches P. glauca, especially as that species is figured by Mrs. Rudge in the Linncean Tj^ansactions ; but the subject of the present article is not referable to the same section as the true P. glauca of Mr. Brown. A low shrub, with simple, erect branches. Leaves im- bricated, ovate-oblong, convex beneath, glaucous, smooth. Leaflets of the mvolucrum of the same form as the rest, silky within, and ciliated at the margin. Flowers few, 8-10, silky, naked at the base. Stamens short. J. L. ia.6(^. (7u^^ /Cii^u/xM /(^ /yioca^fiiu^^ t%V^ //i^^^'- j/MMjo 1269 FubHSIA^ microphylla. Small-leaved Fuchsia. OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Onaguarix. FUCHSIA. — Supnl, vol. 10. fol. 847. F. microphylla ; ramiilis pubescentibus, foliis petiolatis ovatis denticulatis iitrinque glabris, floribus solitariis axillaribus foliis paulo longioribus, calycis tiibo campaniilato : laciniis erectis, petalis dentatis, retiisis, staminibus inclusis, stitrmate 4-partito. F. microphylla. Humb. Botipl. et Kurith. n. g. et sp. 6. 103. t. 534. Decand. prodr. 3. 36. Frutex dumosus, dense foliosus. Ramuli pnhescentes, teretes. Folia petiolata, ovafa, glaberrima, denticulata, acuta, v. obtusa. Flores solitarii, axillares, penduli, peduncvlis pubescentibus. Ovarium atropurpureum, globosum. Calyx campanulatus, pui-jmreo-roseus, limbo erecto, tubo bre- viore, laciniis ovatis, acutis. Petala atrorosea, retusa, bi- tri-dentata, calycis laciniarum longitudine. Stamina hiclusa serie duplici, 4 petalis alternis et in eodem verticillo, 4 ad bases petalorum. Stigma A-partitum. A native of the volcanic mountain Jorullo, in Mexico, where it was found growing by Messrs. Humboldt and * Leonhard Fuchs was a Bavarian Botanist and Physician, born at Wembdingen in 1501, and died in 1566. He is best known for his Historia Stirpium, a work filled with figures of plants in outline, cut upon wood, which were excellent for their time, and had the merit of being the first that were executed of the natural size. The original edition of this remarkable work was published at Basle, in folio, in 1542 ; an octavo edition appeared at Leyden in 1549 ; one French translation was published at Paris, in folio, in the same year ; another at Lyons the year before ; and an octavo Spanish version was brought out at Antwerp in 1557. The learned Sprengel speaks thus of Fuchsius : — " Vatiniano odio prosequutus Arabes, quos impias bestias vocat, ad Grsecos fontes ubique ablegat ; acerrime reprehendit recentiores qui, summo rei medicae damno, plantarum veterum nomina traduxerint ad Germanicas plantas :" and thus of his work, " Eo potissi- miim fineedidit, ut ad vulgatissimas Germanise australis plantas Botanicorum studia converteret, atque icones daret, non sumtuosas, sed fidissimas, umbris partium solis expressis, in quo consilio ita adjutus fuit a Rod. Specklin, Argentinensi, ut ipsse etiam partes essentiales non negligerentur." VOL. XV. I Bonpland at the height of between 3 and 4000 feet above the level of the sea. It has been recently raised in this country by R. Barclay, Esq. of Bury Hill, and Mr. Mackay of the Clapton Nursery. Our drawing was made at Mr. Mackay's ; and we are indebted to Mr. Barclay for fine specimens. As a garden plant, this is in our estimation by far the most interesting species in cultivation ; destitute indeed of the glaring colour and nodding flowers of F. gracilis and coccinea, but possessing a rich deep green foliage, among which the little glowing, ruby-coloured flowers are crowded in the greatest profusion. Like all the species hitherto known, it is strictly a greenhouse plant : it will thrive out of doors in a warm summer, but it cannot bear much frost ; and must, to be kept in health and beauty, be nursed in the winter as other greenhouse plants are. It increases rapidly by cuttings, and will soon be as common as the other kinds. A small densely leafy shrub. Twigs pubescent, taper. Leaves stalked, ovate, quite smooth, toothletted, acute, or obtuse. Fiotvers solitary, axillary, pendulous, with pubes- cent peduncles. Ovarium dark purple, globose. Calyi' campanulate, a deep rich ruby red ; its limb erect, shorter than the tube, its segments ovate, acute. Petals deep rose, retuse, 2- or 3 -toothed, the length of the segments of the calyx. Stamens included in a double row, 4 alter- nate with the petals, and in the same whorl ; 4 at the bases of the petals. Stigma 4-parted. J . Li. ^ 1270 PENTSTEMON* specidsum. Shewy Pentstemon. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. Ord. SCROPIIULARINEX. PENTSTEMON. — Snprci, vol. 13. fol. 1121. P. speciosum; glaiiciim, glabrum, foliis integerrimis ; radicalibiis spatulatis ; caulinis lanceolatis subundulatis sessilibus, floribus verticillatim panicu- latis, corollee lobis subeequalibus rotiiiidatis, rudimento glaberrimo. P. speciosum. Douglas in herb. Hort. Soc. Herba percnnis, glauca, (jlaberrima. Folia radicalia spatulato-lanceo- lata, integerrima ; caulina angusta, sessilia, subcomplicata, undvlata, acu- minata. Caulis erectus, 2-3-pedalis. Flores speciosissitni, dispositi in cymis multifioris axillaribus, spicatim. ad fastigiiim caulis ordinatis. Se- pala 5, cequalia, imbricata, ovata, marginata, cuspidata. Corolla unciani tonga, ccelestina in rubro versicolor, tiibo injlafo, limbo 2-labiaio, lobis rotundatis, subeequalibus, palato prominente, glabra. Stamina fertilia et rudimentum ^Za6em'?na. Ovarium ovato-cylvidraceiim. Hlylus purpureus, Jiliformis, glaber. Stigma simplex. A fine perennial species, native of the banks of the Spokan river, in North-west America, whence it was sent by Mr. Douglas to the Horticultural Society in 1827. It flowered in the Chiswick Garden from June to September : our drawing was made in July, In consequence of the great number of flowering stems and flowers which this plant produces, it increases little by the root, so that its propagation v/ill depend upon the saving its seeds, which are brought forth in abundance. It is quite hardy, and grows in common garden soil. A perennial, glaucous, very smooth plant. Radical leaves spatulate, lanceolate, quite entire, the cauline narrow. * See fol. 1245. sessile, somewhat folded together, undulate, acuminate. Stems erect, 2 or 3 feet high. Flowers very shewy, in axillary, many-flowered cymes, arranged in a spicate man- ner at the summit of the stem. Sepals 5, equal, imbri- cated, ovate, edged with a membrane, terminating in an abrupt point. Corolla about an inch long, sky blue, vary- ing to red ; the tube inflated, the limb 2-lipped, its lobes rounded, nearly equal, the palate prominent, smooth. The ieriiXe, stamens and the rudiment perfectly smooth. Ovarium ovate, cylindrical. Style purple, filiform, smooth. Stigma simple. J. L. /^/. ,:■ /.•, .-■■ S%<^ai^wv^ /dg .9uaci^^ c~^>^./. /cf2.g. ' ^/'i 1271 ACiENA* pinnatifida. Pinnatifid Accena. DIANDRIA, TRIANDRIA, TETRANDRIA, PENTANDRIA, &c. MONO.DI. G YNIA. Nat. ord. Rosace;e. § Sanguisorbea. ACMNA Vahl,— CaZj/x basi squamosus, tubo persistente ssepiils glochi- dato, limbo 4-partito. Corolla 0. Stamina 2-10. Carpella 1-2, intra tubum calycis inclusa. Stylus terminalis. Stigma plumosum. Fructus indehiscens e nuce constans monosperma intra calycem induratum glochi- datum V. tuberculatum inclusa. Semen pendulum. Herbse v. suffrutices, humiles. Folia impari-pinnata ; foliolis serratis. Flores capitato-racemosi, rarb solitarii, herbacei, antheris magnis purpureis. A. pinnatijida ; undique sericea, foliis 4-5-jugis, foliolis alte 3-5-partitis ; laciniis linearibus, capitulis spicatis; inferioribus remotis, fioribus 5-10- andris, fructibus undique glochidatis. Aceena pinnatifida. Fl. Peruv. 1. t. 104./. 1. 6. Dec. prodr. 2. 592. Schlecht. et Cham. Linncea 2. 29. CaxiXx?. ascendens, foliosus, undique pilis sericeis tectus, ut et reliquce partes. Folia 4-5-jnga ; foliolis scepiUs 4:-partitis, nunc tripartitis, in quibusdam 5-partitis, quod rarius ; inferioribiis minoribus alfernis, nunc integris. Flores kermaphroditi, interrupt^ spicati. Spica e capitulis constans, apice aggre- gatis, versus basin remotis, demkm in axillis foliorum depauperatorum uni- bi-Jioris. Calyx inferus, basi bracteis pluribus, imbricatis, scariosis, pilosis munitus, tubo subtetragono, verrucoso, incrassato, in fructu in- durato, limbo patente, 5-phyllo, foliolis viridibus, i7itiis Icevigatis, extus pilosis. Petala 0. Stamina 5-10, numero incerta, fauce constricto calycis inserta ; filamenta filiformia decwyibentia ; antheree magnce, atropurpurecB, stibquadrat/E, biloculares, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarium solitarium, intra tubum calycis inclusum ; ovulo solitario, pendulo. Stylus cum ovario continuus, et ex apice ejus ortus; stigma magmim, efmbriis plurimis constans. A half-tender herbaceous plant, native of Chile, where it was first found by the authors of the Flo?^a Feruviaria, by whom it has been figured and described in their great * "Aiixivx signifies a spine : the name has been applied to the genus on account of its spiny fruit. work. The introduction of it to the Gardens of this country is due to the Horticultural Society, in whose collection at Chiswick, where our drawing was made in May 1828, it had been raised from seeds collected in Chile by Mr. M'Rae. It is increased by cuttings of its half- woody leafy stem, or by division of the roots, or by seeds : during the summer it grows well in the open border, but it will not live there in the winter. M. DecandoUe, in framing the character of this genus, in his Prodromus, has unfortunately adopted the error, which, we believe, originated with Forster, of mistaking the calycine segments for petals, and the spines of the tube of the calyx for the real divisions of that organ ; — an error avoided by Willdenow, and the learned authors of the Hortus Keivensis, but followed by Vahl, and all the later German editors of the Species Plantar um. The analogy of Acaena with Alchemilla, Sanguisorba, and other apetalous genera of Rosaccce, first led us to doubt the presence of its supposed petals ; and the examination of this, and some other species, has now confirmed the suspicion that no petals exist ; as, we find, has also been pointed out by the learned editor of the LinncEa. In the Herbarium of the Horticultural Society there is an Acaena, found near Conception by Mr. M'Rae, which diff"ers from A. pinnatifida in its more dense habit, in its leaves being white, with long hairs, and in its somewhat larger flowers. This is no doubt the plant spoken of by Schlechtendahl and Chamisso {Limicsa 2. jj>. 30.), as having been found by the latter at Talcaguano, and as being the A. trifida of the Flora Peruviana : if this be so, that species can be scarcely more than a variety of A. pinnatifida, from which it does not appear to us to possess any essential mark of distinction. In the same collection, but from the Baths of Collina, near the limits of the snow, exists a plant also resembling A. pinnatifida, but difi'ering from it in not having its leaflets deeply 3-5-fid, but regularly and sharply inciso-serrate. This, we presume, is really a distinct species, which may be defined thus : — A. incisa ; erecta sericea, foliis 6-7-jugis, foliolis oblongis cunealis inciso- serratis, capitiilis spicatis ; infeiioribus remotis. We have also from Dr. Gillies, from Mendoza, a species of Acseiia, belonging to the same set as the foregoing, but characterised by its finely cut leaves, and more numerous leaflets : this may be recorded thus : — A. myriophylla ; erecta pubescens, foliis 7-9-jiigis, foliolis linearibus alt^ piunatifidis ; laciniis angustissimis subtus sericeis, spica cylindracea basi interrupta, fructibus ovalibus tomentosis glochidatis. The following is the description of the Acsena pinna- tifida as it appears in our Gardens : — An herbaceous plant, becoming slightly pubescent at the base. Stem ascending, leafy, covered all over with silky hairs, as are all the other parts. Leaves in 4-5 pairs ; leatiets usually 4-parted, sometimes 3-parted, occasionally 5-parted, but this is not common ; the lower leaflets smaller, alternate, and sometimes entire. Floivers herma- phrodite, in interrupted spikes. Spike formed of several heads, clustered at the top, becoming remote towards the base, and finally changing to one or two axillary flowers. Calyx inferior, having at its base several imbricated, hairy, scarious bracteae ; the tube 4-cornered, verrucosa, thick- ened, becoming indurated in the fruit ; the limb spreading, 5-parted, the divisions green, polished inside, hairy without. Petals none. Stamens 5-10, uncertain in number, inserted into the contracted tube of the calyx ; jllaments filiform, decumbent ; anthers large, dark purple, nearly square, 2-celled, dehiscing lengthwise. Ovarium solitary, included within the tube of the calyx, with a solitary pendulous ovulum. Style continuous with the ovarium ; stigma large, formed of a bundle of long fringes. This genus oflfers an illustration of what is called the certainty and precision (! !) of the Linnaean system of Botany, which is highly amusing. Perhaps some of our friends at Liverpool, the last stronghold of the remnant of the followers of the great Swedish Naturalist, will inform us to what Linnaean class Aca^na should be referred. J. L. 1272 THERMOPSIS* fabacea. Bean-leaved Thermopsis. DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. LEGUMiNoSiE. § SopkorecB. THERMOPSIS R. Br. — Cahjx oblongus, campanulatusve, 4-5-fidus, subbilabiatus, postice convexus, basi attenuatus. Petala 5, subsequalia, vexillo lateribus reflexis, carina obtusa. Stamina persistentia. Legumen compressum falcatum aut lineare polyspermum. Herbge perennes, sericeo- villosce. Folia trifoliata. Stipules ovato-lanceolatce, Jbliacece. Racemi terminales, Hor'ihns pedicellatis getninis aut suhverticillatis fiavis. — Decand. prodr. 2. 99. T. fabacea; foliis petiolatis, foliolis lato-ovalibus, stipulis lato-ovatis obtusis petiolo brevioribus, racemo alternifloro. Dec. I. c. Sophora fabacea. " Pall. astr. p. 122. t. 90. /. 2." Herba perennis, 2-3-pedalis, radice repente. Caulis erectus, flexuosus. Folia trifoliolata, nunc 5-foliolata ; stipulis ovatis,foliaceis ; foliolis oblongis, obtusis, V. obovatis, subttls minute pubescentibus, venis glabris. Racemi axillares, foliis multb longiores, subverticillati. Calyces sericei, dentibus ovatis. Corolla lutea, glaberrima. Legumina erecta, 3-u7icialia, Vmearia, pubescentia, compressa, stylo curvo, glabra, indurato apiculafa. A native of the north-eastern side of Asia, and the north-western of America. It has been found by Russian collectors in Kamtchatka and the Kurile Islands ; and Mr. Douglas sent specimens and seeds from the neighbour- hood of the Columbia, where it was discovered, as we learn from his Herbarium, in the possession of the Horti- cultural Society, " in dry channels of mountain torrents, in the valleys of the Blue Mountains." It is a good herbaceous plant, remarkable for the neat- * (di^fAog, a lupine, and 'i-^t?, the appearance ; in reference to the Lupine- like aspect of the genus. ness of its foliage and flowers. Sometimes its leaves are quinate, as represented in the plate. The Thermopsis laburnifolia of Mr. Don, which has also been named Thermopsis napaulensis by M. Decan- dolle, is, as we have shewn in the Transactions of the Horti- cultural Society, a genuine species of Anagyris, and should be called Anagyris indica. Easily increased by division of its creeping roots. A perennial, growing 2 or 3 feet high, with creeping roots. Stem erect, flexuose. Leaves 3-leaved, sometimes 5-leaved ; stipules ovate, leafy ; leaflets oblong, obtuse, or obovate, minutely downy beneath, with smooth veins. Raceynes axillary, much longer than the leaves, somewhat verticillate. Calyxes silky, with ovate teeth. Corolla yellow, quite smooth. Fods erect, 3 inches long, linear, pubescent, compressed, tipped with the indurated, smooth, curved style. J. L. 1273 TABERN^MONTANA^ densifldra. Close -flowered Tabern(Emontana. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. ApoCYNEiE, TABERNjEMONTANA. — Supni, vol. 4. fol. 338. T. densifiora ; foliis lanceolatis acuminatis approximatis nunc ternatis, cyma multiflora breve pedunculata, laciniis calycis bracteisque lineari-lanceo- latis acutis, coroUse limbo tubum subsequante, foUiculis monospermis. — Wallich MSS. A curious new species, introduced in 1824 by the Honourable Court of Directors of the East India Company, by whom it was presented to the Horticultural Society, in whose Garden at Chiswick our drawing was made in June 1827. A tender stove plant, extremely different in habit from the common T. coronaria, of the agreeable perfume of which it is entirely destitute. Propagated by cuttings. Dr. Wallich has been so kind as to favour us with the following inter- esting account of this and the other Indian species ; the greater part either wholly new, or now described for the first time. J. L. " I am in some doubt as to the part of India from which this pretty shrub was introduced into the Honourable Company's Botanic Garden at Calcutta. I suspect, however, that it was brought from Ceylon, as I have seen a specimen in the Herbarium of my friend Mr. Lindley, which was collected on that island by Mr. IM'llae. The following are the East Indian species of Tabernsemontana that have come under my own observation : — 1. T. coronaria. WiUd. This is a very common shrub in gardens all over India, both single and double. I have found it seemingly wild in the forests of Lower Nipal, about Hetounda, and at Singapore. 2. T. recurva. Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 20. T. gratissima. Lindl. in Bot. Reg. vol. 13. p. 1084. A native of the district of Chittagong in Bengal, from whence it was sent to the Calcutta Garden by the late Dr. Hamilton. 3. T. crispa. Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 20. — Foliis oblongis undulatis acutis, pedunculis paucifloris, pedicellis elongatis, calyce profunda 5-partito : laciniis lato-ovatis foliaceis. Dr. Roxburgh says, in his MS. Flora Indica, that he knows not from whence this * James Theodoras (commonly called Tabernaemontanus, from Bergzabern, in Alsace, the place of his birth) was a Botanist of the sixteenth century, whose works have long sunk into oblivion. He died in 1590. large shrub was introduced into the Calcutta Garden. He quotes, however, Rheede's Curutu Pala as a synonyme, which points out fllalabar as the native country. 4. T. persicaricefolia. Jacq. I have received specimens which were gathered at the Isle of France by my friend C. Telfair, Esq. 5. T. dichotoma. Roxb. Hort. Beng. p. 20 — Foliis oblongis obtusis coriaceis lucidis subtiis parallele et transverse multinervosis, cyraa elongata dichotoma, laciniis calycis obtusis, corollffi oblongo-falcatis tubum a»quantibus. This grows to the size of 12 to 16 feet, with a peculiarly dark and glossy foliage, and yellowish, delightfully fragrant flowers. It is a native of Ceylon and JMalabar. 6. T. corymbosa. Roxb. MSS Foliis oblongo-ellipticis obtuse acuminatis deorsum valde attenuatis, cyma multiflora longe pedunculata, laciniis calycis ovatis acutiusculis, coroUse subovatis tubo triple brevioribus. A large handsome species, which I found in the mountain forests of Prince of Wales's Island. 7. T. Heyneana. Wall Foliis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, pedunculis paucifloris, laciniis calycis rotundatis obtusis, corollae obovatis crispatis tubum subasquantibus. Specimens of this are preserved in the late Dr. Heyne's collection in the Company's Museum, under the name of T. corymbosa. In the same Herbarium there are specimens, under the same name, of a species in fruit, which is probably distinct, having oblong, coriaceous, and lucid leaves, and ovate, short-pointed fruit, about an inch long. This species might be called T. oblonga. 8. T. Telfairiana. Wall Foliis ovalibus utrinque obtusissimis, pedunculis subaxil- laribus bis terve furcatis, laciniis calycis ovatis obtusiusculis, corollae oblongis tubum subaequantibus. Specimens were sent to me from the Mauritius by Mr. Telfair. They seem to diifer from the description of T. mauritiana Poir. 9. T. peduncularis. Wall Foliis oblongo-lanceolatis gracillime acuminatis subtus transverse nervosis, pedunculis filiformibus longissimis, pedicellis subumbeUatis, foUiculis pedicellatis ovatis subrostratis. A native of Pulo Penang, from whence specimens were sent to me by Mr. George Porter. 10. T. gracUiflora. Wall Foliis oblongis subcaudato-acuminatis, peduncuhs axil- larihus longissimis, floribus subracemosis, lobis calycis ovatis acutis, corollae oblongis, tubo gracillimo triplo brevioribus. I found this shrul) at Bloolmeyn and Amherst, in Martaban. I have also met with it in fruit on the hills at Segaen, opposite the city of Ava, although I am not quite certain of its identity. 11. T. calycina. Wall Foliis lanceolatis, pedunculis paucifloris, floribus breve pedicellatis subfasciculatis, laciniis calycis bracteisque serius delabescentibus elongatis linearibus, corollaj lobis lanceolatis limbo dimidio brevioribus. Specimens were gathered at Tavoy, on the coast of Tenasserim, by Mr. William Gomez, plant collector in the employ of the Calcutta Garden. 12. T. rostrata. Wall Foliis lanceolatis gracillime acuminatis, pedunculis pauci- floris, laciniis calycis subligulatis, tubo corollae gracili medio staminifero et tumido limbo bis longiore, folliculis oblongis supra bicarinatis attenuato-rostratis. I found this very distinct species on the lime hills at Segaen. 13. T. subcapUata. Wall Foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, pedunculis gracilibus apice conferte multifloris, pedicellis brevibus, laciniis calycis ovato-acutis, corollae subovatis tubum subaequantibus. Discovered at Tavoy by Mr. Gomez. 14. T. deiisiflora. Wall See above. 15. T. microcarpa. Wall Foliis oblongis, acuminatis, pedunculis paucifloris fasci- culatis, folliculis sessilibus ovatis 1-spermis. I have only seen this shrub in fruit towards the mountains called Toong Dong, near Ava. The follicles resemble those of T. densiflora. 16. T. snlicifolia. Wall Foliis lineari -lanceolatis attenuato-acuminatissimis margine undulatis subtus glaucis, laciniis calycis lanceolatis acutis. Specimens of this strongly marked species are preserved in Dr. Heyne's Herbarium, under the name of T. parmflora., with unexpanded flowers. I sent some of them home to the Honourable East India Company's Museum in 1824, as a species of Alyxia. 17. T. macrocxrpa. Jack in Misc. Malayan, vol. 2. n. 8. p. 80 — Foliis ovato-ellipticis basi attenuatis, corymbis terminalibus dichotomis, follicuHs maximis subglobosis — Jack I.e. A native of the interior of Bencoolen, where it attains the size of a large tree. I have not seen specimens of it; but I notice the species because it was discovered by one of the dearest friends I ever had in India, and has been published so far back as 1822 in a most valuable but very little known work. It has not been mentioned by any subsequent writer," ^^14 i^^Mi'^ y L&tiiOrtfaM fOif . J?^., - 1274 RIbES* tenuifldrum. Scarlet-leaved Currant. PENTANDRIA MONOGVNIA. Nat. ord. Grossulace^. RIBES. — Suprd, vol. 2. fol. 125. R. tenuijlorum ; inerme, foliis subrotundis trilobis farinosis ; lobis apice obtus^ dentatis, racemis pendulis multifloris, calycibus tubulatis glabris pedicello longioribus coloratis, petalis integerrimis calycis laciniis lineari- bus obtusis duplo brevioribus, baccis glabris. Ribes tenuiflorum. Lindley in Hort. Trans, vol. 1 . p. 242. Ribes aureum. Colla Hort. Rip. app. 3. t. I. A. nee aliorum. This species hos no doubt been confounded by Botanists with R. aureum, with which it agrees in many respects. It has, however, been distinguished by M. Colla in his third Appendix to the Catalogue of Plants cultivated in his Garden at Ripuli ; but we think he errs in supposing it to be the type of R. aureum, as may, perhaps, be shewn by an examination of the history of that species. R. aureum was first described by Pursh, from specimens collected in the Missouri country by Lewis and Clarke, and from plants which he saw growing in the Gardens of England. Now, although it is very possible that the specimens referred to by Pursh as having been seen by him, were R. tenuiflorum, yet he chiefly relied upon the garden plant for his descrip- tion and characters. That the garden plant seen by Pursh was the same species as that figured at t. 125 of this work, there can be no doubt, it having been the only one in our Gardens when that Botanist was in England. The R. tenuiflorum was not introduced before 1824, when plants of it were obtained from an American Nurseryman by the Horticultural Society. Supposing Pursh to have See fol. 1237. confounded the two species, which is extremely probable, yet the old garden plant should be taken as that which he more particularly intended to describe. The names given by the American Gardeners to this species, such as Lewis's Scarlet Currant, Lewis's Yellow Currant, seem to attest its origin, and make it probable that it had been raised from seeds collected in Lewis and Clarke's expedition. This is rendered still more credible by its being the species found by Mr. Douglas in North- west America, if we may judge from the specimens in his Herbarium, and from plants in the Horticultural Society's Garden, raised from his seeds. This being the case, the remarks made by us in the Horticultural Transactions, upon Mr. Douglas's authority, concerning the excellent quality of the fruit of Ribes aureum when growing " upon high dry limestone rocks," should be applied to Ribes tenuiflorum. Upon further examination of the supposed variety of this species, the leaves of which change to scarlet in the autumn, we now incline to refer it rather to R. aureum, if, indeed, it be not a species by itself. About the same time as M. Colla published his ob- servations on this species, we had introduced it into a report made to the Horticultural Society upon the rare plants of their Garden ; from which communication we take the liberty of making the following extract : — " In habit this species is more erect than R. aureum, and has the young wood more thinly clothed with leaves : its whole appearance is also paler during the early part of the year. — The leaves are nearly round, 3- or 5-lobed, when young covered with a kind of mealy bloom, when more advanced cordate at the base, and at all times, in the plants that I have examined, wholly destitute of pubescence. The flowers are not more than half the size of those of R. aureum, and have entire, not notched petals. The fruit is the size of the Red Currant, with a thick skin, and a dense mucilaginous pulp, of an agreeable flavour, but pos- sessing little acidity, and far inferior to our cultivated Currants. The berries ripen about the middle of July. *' There are two varieties, the one bearing black, and the other yellow, fruit ; the former changes from yellow to red, and finally acquires a deep blackish purple hue ; the latter alwavs retains its yellow colour." J. L. /2^J'. 1275 LISSANTHE* sapida. The Aust7'alian Cranberfy. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Epacride^. LISSANTHE R. Brown. — Calyx bibracteatus v. ebracteatiis. Corolla infundibuliformis limbo itnberbi. Ovarium .S-loculare. Drupa baccata, putamine osseo solido. Fruticuli erecti. Folia sparsa, subtus lineata. Flores inter minores, albi. Discus hypogymis, cyathiformis, 5-lohus. — R. Brown prodr. 540. L, sapida ; racemis 2-3-florIs recurvis, foliis oblongo-linearibus mucronatis margine revolutis; subtias dealbatis striatis. R. Br. I. c. The Australian Cranberry. Library of entertaining knowledge, vol. 2. p. 421. Rami murini, teretes. Folia conferta, uncialia, glaberrima, coriacea, linearia, utrinque acuta, subtus albida, superficie stomatibus minutis den- sissime tectd, venis parallelis stratum inferius parenchymatis tantum percur- rentibus. Racemi recurvi, 3-Jfori. Pedicelli breves, basi bracteolis 4, duris, decussantihus muniti. Calyx 5-phyllus, sepalisparvis, ovatis, duris, pallidis, rcseo marginatis, imbricatis. Corolla hypogyna, campanulata, medio paulb constricta, facile in petalis quinque separabilis, monopetala tajnen, tubo intiis lined transversd barbaid in tnedio. Stamina 5, ad sinus corollce sub- sessilia, filamentis corollce adnatis ad annulum barbafum usque. Antherse uniloculares, longitudinaliter dehiscentes, ad apicem crassiores. Ovarium disco cyathiformi cinctum. Stylus leviter pilosus. This is a handsome greenhouse shrub, native of New Holland, in the vicinity of Port Jackson, flowering in this country in the winter months. The specimen here figured was communicated by Mr. Mackay, of the Clapton Nur- sery, in December 1828. The fruit is a succulent drupe, and is mentioned in the Library of Entertaining Knowledge, under the name of * From Xi<7(7o<;, smooth, and «v3^«f, a flower; in allusion to the polished surface of the corolla. the Australian Cranberry, as being *' of a very delicate peach-bloom colour, having something of the consistency and taste of the Siberian Crab." We wish, if it ripens its fruit in this country, it may be found worthy of even this description. Branches mouse-colour, taper. Leaves close, an inch long, quite smooth, coriaceous, linear, acute at each end, beneath whitish, the surface being covered by numerous minute stomata, and marked by parallel veins, which only traverse the lower stratum of parenchyma. Racemes re- curved, 3-flowered. Pedicels short, having at their base 4 hard, decussating bracteae. Calyx 5-leaved, the sepals small, ovate, hard, pale, bordered with pink, and over- lapping each other. Corolla hypogynous, campanulate, a little contracted in the middle, easily separable into 5 petals, being, however, truly monopetalous, the tube bearing in the middle in the inside a bearded ring. Stamens 5, nearly sessile at the recesses of the corolla, traces of their fila- ments being visible as far as the bearded ring. Anthers 1 -celled, opening longitudinally, thickest at the apex. Ovarium seated in a cyathiform disk. Style slightly hairy. J. L. :(*i*i mj.. \ /^^^ *- fy-c-'.i^ d'^ iy^^^fyJQ^a^u^/|^p ^ic^^/ot!!!yjrcv/./S^g- 1276 CANNA* speciosa. Shewy Carina. MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA. CANNA.— Supra, vol. 7. fol. 576. C. speciosa ; panicvila ampla ramosa undique furfuraceo-pruinosa, bracteis laxis ventricosis subtruncatis, corolla 6-partita infundibuliformi bilabiata, laciniis labii superloris subfoniicatis retusis : inferiore recurvata emar- ginata, rachibus triquetris. — Wallich MSS. Canna speciosa. Roscoe scit. Herbert in hot. mag. v. 49. t. 2317. Spreng. curcB post. p. 5. Planta speciosa, 4-6-pedalis, quin ultrd, caule hasi crasso, superne in ramos plures simplices patulos panicalatim ramosa. Folia lato-ovata, vel ovato- lanceolata, in acumen breve gracile attenuata, membranaceo-marginulata, parum undulata, basi rotundata, subamplexicaulia, inferiora pedalia bipe- dalia. Vaginae superiores spathacece, ramorum bases laxe amplexantes, scepe terminatce lamina parvd foliaced . Panicula ampla, elevata, omnibus partibus obtectis purpuraceo-pruinosis. Racemi multijiori, magni, ovati, rachibus acute trigonis, coloratis, parum Jiexuosis. Flores geminati, coccinei, fundo maculato-lutei, suffulti bracteis tribus rnembranaceis, calyce ovarioque valde furfuraceis, rufescentibus, subdiaphanis ; exteriore fere pollicari, basin fas- ciculi laxe involvente, rotundato-ovatd, ventricosd, obtusissvnd, snbtruncatd ; interioribus ovatis, istd multb minoribus. Calyx rufescens ; lacini(£ sub- (squales, lanceolatce, acuta, semiunciales. Corolla /ere 3-pollicaris, infundi- buliformis, extiis parilm furfuracea. Tubus brevis, pallidus, flavescens. Limbus patulus; lacinice exteriores lanceolatce, acuminatce, totd corolld tertio breviores ; una reliquis paullb minor ; lacinice interiores duce, superiores erecto-conniventes, concaviusculce , subfornicatce, lanceolatce, retuscB, nunc distinctiiis bidentatce, deorsum attenuatce in unguem canaliculatum ; inferior labium inferius corollcB efficiens, linearis, retusa, decurvato-porrecta, ad discum uti filamentum fiavo lineata. Filamentum labio inferiori subsimile, sed paullb brevius, et contrarid direclione, i. e. sursilm recurvum, oblique acutuin. Stylus saturatius coloratus, lucidus, terminatus stigmate carnoso, transverso, lineari. Capsula magna, densissimc echinata, aculeis comets mollibus, obtuse trigona. Semina magna, atra. — Wallich MSS. * This is a Greek word, of unknown origin, unless we adopt De Theis' opinion, that it has proceeded from the Celtic cana, a reed, or rather cotton- grass. We read somewhere in Ossian, that " her neck is white as the down of Cana." VOL. XV. K Dr. Wallich remarks, in a communication with which he has favoured us, and from which the above description is extracted, that " This stately and ornamental species grows wild in the valley of Nipal, and among the surround- ing mountains. It is also found in the province of Kamoon. It was introduced into the Calcutta Garden in 1817, by the Honourable Edward Gardner, resident at the Court of Katmandoo. It is in blossom and ripens its fruit almost all the year round." Our drawing was made in August last, from a plant in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, to which establish- ment it had been presented by the Honourable Court of Directors of the East India Company. It appears, from an Indian drawing made under Dr. Wallich's direction, that in its native country it becomes a much larger plant than that from which the accompanying figure was taken, with a wide branching panicle, and broad furfuraceous or pruinose truncate bracteee. J. L. //. S^fut/:- ilii '^77 STli^ ^ J i&ciorui^ /(^ ^z/y-iiicM^yyi/ (/>/■/■ /6ZQ 'a/l^ ,.-'. 1277 PENTSTEMON* Scoul6ri. Dr. Scouler's Pentstemon. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Scrophularine^. PENTSTEMON. — Suprd, vol. 13. /oZ. 1131. P. Scouleri; suffruticosum, foliis obovato-lanceolatis serrulatis supremis integerrimis obtusis, floribus solitariis racemosis, corollis ventricosis ser- rulatis, antheris lanatis. Chelone Scouleri. Douglas in herb. Hort. Soc. Suffruticosum ; rami teretes ; ramuli pilosiusculi. Folia lineari-lanceolata, obovata, acuta, argute serrata, nunc subintegerrima, supremis ohlongis, obtusis, integerrimis. Bracteae lineari-lanceolatce , integrce, pedicellis bre- viores. Calyx 5-phyllus, sepalis acuminatis, pubescentibus. Corolla pur- purea, fere 2 uncias longa, ventricosa, limbo bilabiato, labio superiors hilobo, inferiore trilobo, palato aperto, pubescente. Antherae lanuginosce. Semina angulata. Mr. Douglas considers this a species of Chelone ; and it doubtless approaches that genus in the structure of its anthers, and very much agrees with the plant already figured in this work under the name of C. nemorosa : but we have already stated that species to be a very doubtful Chelone ; and this we consider still more so. It is distinguished from Chelone by the form of the palate of the flower, and by its angular seeds, — circumstances which, taken together, are doubtless of more value than the single peculiarity of the anthers. A native of the Kettle Falls of the Columbia, where it was found by Mr. Douglas. In its native country it is half shrubby, and would be the same with us in warm situations : it is, however, best considered as a perennial. * See fol. 1245. It is very hardy, will grow in any soil, and propagates abundantly either by seeds or cuttings. It blossoms in May and June, and is one of the handsomest border flowers of that season. Gerardia fruticosa of Pursh is nearly related to this plant. The species was named by Mr. Douglas in honour of Dr. Scouler, the companion of his voyage to the west coast of America, who has, we understand, been recently appointed to the chair cf Natural History in the University of Glasgow. J. L. ' J%^<^4fe«i; S7:^- 1278 RIBES* punctatum. Dotted Currant. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Grossulaces. RIBES. — Suprd, vol. 2. fol. 125. R. punctatum; inerme, foliis trilobis serratis subtus bracteisque resinoso- glandulosis, spicis foliis longloribus, bractels cuneato-oblongls obtusis post anthesin reflexls, calycibus campanulatis. R. punctatum. Fl. Peruv. p. 12. t. 233. /. a. Decand. prodr. 3. 482, Frutex erectus, inermis, in horiis 2-3-pedalis. Rami cinerei, pubes- centes. Folia pubescentia, triloba, acute serrata, subtus glandulis resinosis adspersa ; lobis divaricatis : intermedio quasi triangulari. Spicoe multi- florcB, in cultd erectce, in spontaned nutantes, foliis longiores, pubescentes. Bracteee membranacece, glandulosce, cuneato-oblongce, Jioribus breviores, max re/iexcB, denmm deciducE. Floves Jlavescentes. Calyx brevis, campanulatus , apertus, glaber. Petala rninima, squamiformia, Integra. Ovarium et baccse leviter glandidis resinosis irroratce. This shrub is a native of the high hills of Chile, about Valparaiso and Conception, where it was found by Mr, M'Rae, while stopping in that country, in 1825, By him seeds were transmitted to the Horticultural Society, in whose Garden they were raised, A neat shrub, too impatient of cold to thrive in the open air, except in very sheltered situations. The plant from which our figure was taken was trained to a south wall. We find this difference between the cultivated and wild plant, that in the former the spikes are erect, and in the latter pendulous or nodding. The berries are red, and about the size of a red currant, but without any merit as fruit. Easily propagated by cuttings. J. L. * See fol. 1237. J^IJ) 1281 IPOMOPSIS* elegans. Elegant Ipomopsis. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. Ord. PoLEMONlACEiE. IPOMOPSIS.— Calyx 5-^dLrtitns, laciniis acuminatis, sinubus et angulis membranaceis. Corolla infundibuliformis, speciosa, calyce multo longior, decidua. Stamina 5, intra tubum corollse inserta. Capsula trilocularis, oligosperma. Herbge Americce septentrionalis, foliis pinnatijidis, floribus racemoso-paniculatis, bracteis subulatis ; coroUis speciosis, pubescentia glandulosd. I. elegans ; floribus aggregatis paniculatis nutantibus, laciniis corollae acuminatis maculatis, foliis pectinatis bracteisque sparse arachnoideo- villosis. Ipomopsis elegans. Smith exot.fi. t. 13. Mich. fi. bor. am. 1. 142. Gilia coronopifolia. Pers. synops. 1. 187. Gilia pulchella. Douglas in herb. Hort. Soc. Herba biennis, vix peremiis, 3~pedalis. Folia radicalia ccespitosa, atro- viridia, paululmn succulenta, pectinata, pilis arachnoideis sparse, prcesertim suprd costam villosa, superioribus indivisis. Caulis glanduloso-pilosus. Flores paniculati, aggregati, nutantes. Calyx glanduloso-pilosus. Corolla unciam longa, infundibuliformis, coccinea, limbo suberecto, demum recurvo, laciniis acutis, maculatis. Stamina paulh exserta, intra tubum inserta. A beautiful plant, native of both sides of the continent of North America : it was found by Mr. Douglas on the north-west coast, and sent by him to England in 1827. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society in July last. It is unfortunately impatient of cultivation, being apt to die off, without apparent cause, during its flowering. Naturally it is perhaps perennial; but with us, owing to * From Ipomsea, the well-known genus, and o-^ti;, resemblance. this cause, it does not survive beyond two years. The best method of cultivating it is found to be in cold damp soil under a wall. It will not live in peat or light soil. That this is the same as Dillenius formerly cultivated at Eltham, and as was afterwards published by Sir James Smith from specimens obtained from Mr. Lee's Nursery, we do not at all doubt. We have examined the Smithian Herbarium in the possession of the Linnaean Society, and the fragments therein preserved are clearly the same as the plant now figured. Mr. Douglas is, however, of opinion that his North-west plant is different from that of Carolina. With regard to its genus, it has been referred by Linnaeus to Polemonium, by Willdenow to Cantua, by Persoon, whom Mr. Douglas follows, to Gilia, and by Michaux to a particular genus called Ipomopsis. The idea of its being a Polemonium has been long abandoned ; Cantua differs essentially in its calyx and seeds ; and Gilia is a genus founded in the Flora Peruviana upon plants with small flowers, of which the stamens are inserted into the recesses of the limb of the corolla, and of which Gilia capitata, now common in our Gardens, is a legitimate species. To none of these, therefore, can this plant be properly referred. Ipomopsis must, therefore, be retained as a genus charac- terised by the form of its corolla, the absence of foliaceous involucrating bracteae, and the insertion of its stamens. J. L. f^kMfUt^ J^>" //y J bt^ti^j^ /i,^ ^itMi^ji^ ^1/^ /. /f 2^ J., 1282 LOPHASTHUS* anisatus. Afiise-scented Lophanthus. DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. LabiaTjE. § Satureinece Bentham MSS. LOPHANTHUS. — Calyx tubulosus, 15-striatus,5-dentatus, subsequalis V. apice subincurvus. CorollcB tubus calycem subsequans; labia subsequalia; superius erectum emarginatum v. bifidum, inferius 3-fidum, lobis suberectis, medio lato crenato, lateralibus minoribus. Stamina 4, exserta, distantia. Antherarum loculi paralleli v. demiim subdivergentes. — Bentham MSS. L. anisatus ; foliis ovatis acutis serratis subtus canescentibus, verticillis densis spicatis ; inferioribus subremotis, calycibus pubescentibus, denti- bus ovatis. Bentham MSS. Hyssopus anisatus. Nutt. gen. 2. p. 27. Hyssopus discolor. Desf. cat. hort. par. ed. 3. p. 97. A handsome hardy perennial, native of borders of thickets on the plains of the Missouri. With us it flowers profusely in the months of July, August, and September, and is remarkable for the strong scent of anise which it yields when slightly bruised. It is a neat species, much better known on the continent than in this country. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society. For the following remarks we are indebted to our friend Mr. Bentham, by whom Labiatae have been made a particular study, and to whom we confidently look for rescuing them from a state of confusion, that has been gradually increasing since the days of Linnaeus, until it has become the disgrace of Botany. J. L. " This genus is nearly allied to Hyssopus and to Nepeta. It differs from the former by its habit, by the middle division of the lower lip of the corolla, which is broad and crenate, instead of being divided into two entire divergent lobes, and by the anthers, of which the cells are parallel, not divaricate. The form of the corolla, the divergent stamina, and the parallel cells of the anthers, distinguish it from Nepeta. * From Xo(po;, the crest of a helmet, and av^o;, a flower ; because the flowers have been thought to have a crested appearance. Among the specimens which I have had occasion to examine, the following species may be referred to this genus : — 1. L. chinensis. Hyssopus lophanthus. Linn. The corolla of this species is described as resupinate ; but that is not the case at least with a specimen from Dahuria sent to 3Ir. Lindley by Dr. Fischer of Petersburgh. 2. L. urcicifolius. Hyssopus urticifolius. Douglas. L. glabra, foliis cordato - ovatis obtusis crenatis, verticillis dense spicatis, laciniis lineari-subulatis, genitalibus longe exsertis A larger species than the others of the genus. Flower-spikes terminal, dense, ovate ; flowers of a pale purple, nearly as large as in the L. chinensis. Introduced by Blr. Douglas from the north-west coast of America. 3. L. nepetoides. Hyssopus nepetoides. Linn. 4. L. scrofulariajfolius. Hyssopus scrofulariiefolius. Willd. 5. L. anisatus, t. 1282. 6. L. multifidus. Nepeta multifida. Linn From Siberian specimens received by Mr. Lindley from Dr. Fischer. The Labiatas with divergent stamina, to which section this genus belongs, might be grouped into two tribes, the Menthoidea and the Satureinece ; of which I take this oppor- tunity of giving the characters, as also of enumerating the genera, along with the charac- ters of such as are new, and amended characters for those which appear to me to require modification. Tribus 1. 3IenthoidejE. Corolla; tubus calyce brevior vel vix longior; limbus 4-5.fidus, lobis subaequalibus. Stamina distantia, exserta, loculis parallelis vel divaricatis, vel rarius inclusa, loculis parallelis. § 1. Antherce 2-loculares, loculis parallelis. 1. Lycopus. Linn Calyx aequalis, 5.dentatus. Corolla tubo brevissimo, aequalis, 4-fida. Stamina 2, subexserta, distantia. Antheras 2-loculares, loculis parallelis. 2. Meriandra. Benlh Calyx 2-labiatus, labio superiore concavo, integro, vel bre- vissime 3-dentato, inferiori 2-fido. Corolla subajqualis, 4-fida. Stamina 2, raro 3-4, subexserta, distantia. Antherse 2-loculares, loculis linearibus distinctis substipitatis. Species mihi cognitae 2 ; M. benghalensis Benth. in Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 1 526. (Salvia benghalensis lioab.), et M. strohilifera Benth. in 1. c. no. 1527- 3. Isanthus. Michx — Calyx campaiiulatus, ssqualis, 5-fidus. Corolla tubo brevissimo, sequalis, 5-fida. Stamina 4, exserta, distantia. Antherae 2-loculares, loculis parallelis. 4. Audibertia. Benth Calyx campanulatus, subbilabiatus, dentibus 3 siiperioribus, 2 inferioribus, intiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo brevissimo, sequalis, 4-fida. Stamina 4, subexserta, distantia. Antherae 2-loculares, loculis parallelis. Species unica A. pusilla. Benth. {Thymus parviflorus. Eeq. in ann. soc. nat. 5. p. 386.) I have dedicated this genus to my friend M. Audibert, of Tarascon, proprietor of one of the most extensive Nurseries in France, who has introduced and naturalised many rare and valuable exotics, and who, in 1820, accompanied M. Requien in his Botanical tour in Corsica, where they first discovered the plant which constitutes this gentis. 5. Mentha. Linn Calyx aequalis, 5-dentatus, intus fauce nuda, vel rarius villosa. Corolla tubo brevissimo, subwqualis, 4-fida. Stamina 4, distantia, exseita, vel inclusa. Filamenta nuda. Anthera; 2-loculares, ioculis parallelis. This genus thus reduced com.prises the European, North American, and Siberian species, the M. Boyleana Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 1537, and probably also Mr. Brown's New Holland species, and the M. javanica of Blume. I have also observed in Mr. Liudley's Herbarium two new species of true Meuthas from Ceylon. 6. Colebrookia. Roxb Calyx aequalis, 6-partitus, plumosus, maturatione papposus, carpellis adhaerens. Corolla subaequalis, 4-fida, lobo .superiori emarginato. Antherae 4, subsessiles, 2-loculares, loculis parallelis. Spec. 2. C. oppositifolia et ternifolia. Roxb. 7- Perilla. Linn — Calyx per anthesin subaequalis, 5-fidus, post anthesin 2-labiatus, labio superiore dilatato 3-lobo, inferiori 2-fido. Corolla subaequalis, 5-fida, lobis 3 siipe- rioribus, 2 inferioribus. Stamina 4, distantia, corollam ajquantia. Antherae 2-loculares, loculis parallelis. Species 2. P. ocymoides Linn., et P. macrostachya Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 1559. 8. Acrocephalus. Benth Calyx tubulosus, basi subgibbus, 2-labiatus, labio superiori ovato piano integro, inferiori 4-fido. Corolla calyce brevior, subaequalis, 5-fida, lobis 3 superioribus, 2 inferioribus. Stamina 4, brevia, distantia. Antherae 2-loculares, loculis parallelis. Spec. A. scariosus. Benth. in Wall. cat. herlt. ind. no. 1563. I think it probable that the Ocymum capilellatum Linn., and Ocymum acrocephalum Blume Bijdr. p. 384, belong to this genus. /^vv,. ' :7Lu^.aCe^ . ^-^y^Za^Ht^/^^S:&:a^ii^^l4p'//J'2^. 1283 SISYRl!?CHIUM* odoratissimum. Fragrant Sisyrinchium. MONADELPHIA TRIANDRIA, or TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Irides;. SISYRINCHIUM. — Sziprd, vol. 13. fol. 1067. S. odoratissimum ; scapo tereti, foliis angustissimis glaucis caulis longi- ludine, floribus long^ pedunculatis nutantibus infundibularibus : laciniis sequalibus. Caulis pedalis sesquipedalisve. Folia angustissima, glauca, apice subu- lata. Spatlia bracteis membranaceo-marginatis : injimd cceteris viagis acuta. Floras plures, odoratisshni, nutantes, longe pedunculati, infundi- buliformes, sordide albi, venis fusco-purpureis striati. Stamina 3, Jila- mentis hi tubo longo connatis, tubi floris longitudine. Stigmata 3, fili- formia, staminum longitudine. Ovarium 3-loculare, polyspermum. For this fragrant species of Sisyrinchium we are in- debted to Mr. Mackay, of Clapton, in whose Nursery our drawing was made, in June last. It is a native of some part of the southern coast of South America, whence it was sent to Mr. Mackay by the collector on board His Majesty's discovery ship, under command of Captain King. It is perfectly hardy, having stood last winter without any protection, when its leaves were not even killed down. This species approaches Galaxia in the form of its flower ; but is so similar to Sisyrinchium in habit, and in every thing except the long tube of the flower, that it is scarcely expedient to separate it from that genus. If others should be of a diff"erent opinion, they must unite with it our S. flexuosum, with v/hich it agrees in the form of the flower. We have here a new instance of what is called the certainty and p?^ecision of the Linnaean system of Botany. • 'Suru^iyxiov of the Greeks was either the little bulbous plant now called Iris sisy- rinchium according to Sprengel, or Trichonema bulbocodium according to Sibthorp. It was so named because the roots were grubbed up by swine. 2 K Sisyrinchium appears to us to belong to Monadelphia Tri- andria, and it is so stationed by some Linnaean Botanists ; yet others of great authority place it in Triandria Mono- gynia. We will not pretend to decide between these con- flicting opinions ; but we really wonder that gentlemen should be still found, with this and hundreds of similar cases staring them in the face, to talk gravely of the peculiar precision and certainty of the sexual system. No one pre- tends to claim this character of peculiar certainty ^w^ 'precision for the natural system ; but to ascribe it exclusively to the Linnaean is notoriously absurd ; as if the very clever artificial contrivance of the illustrious Swede, the utihty of which is, however, most extravagantly overrated, were exempt from the imperfections inherent in all human affairs. But what amuses us the most is, that while Linneean Botanists are thus anxiously endeavouring to maintain the ground, which they cannot avoid perceiving is rapidly slipping from beneath them, they are slily adopting that very system they depre- cate, and adopting it by a sort of patch-work process, which has the peculiar advantage of being particularly useless. (See SprengeVs Syst. Veg. passim in the arrangement of genera.) With us, so completely will prejudice blind men's perceptions, one of the most intelligent and amiable men that the age has seen, has announced himself a defender of the Linnaean faith, in a splendid work, bearing for its name the somewhat singular title of Monandrian Plants of the Order ScitaminecE ! which is written from beo:innins: to end upon the principles of the Natural System. In no other country than Great Britain would remarks of this nature be necessary, if we except a few of the southern kingdoms of Europe, in which science does not particularly flourish. We trust they will soon be super- fluous among ourselves. Ah ! pereant, si quos janua clausa jiivat. Stem a foot or a foot and a half higii. Leaves very narrow, glaucous, subulate at the apex. Spatha consist- ing of bracteae membranous at the margin, of which the lowermost is sharper than the others. Floviers several, very fragrant, nodding, on long stalks, funnel-suaped, dirty white, with brownish-purple veins. Stamens 3 ; the fila- ments united in a long tube the length of the flower. Stigmas 3, filiform, the length of the stamens. Ovarium 3-ceiled, many-seeded. J. L. § 2. Anther (B 2-loculares, loculis divaricatis, 9. Elsholzia. TFi/W. ^. Flores spicati et bracteae foliaceee secundi. Calyx aequalis, 5-dentatus. Corolla subaequalis, 5-fida, lobis 3 superioribus, 2 inferioribus. Stamina 4, distantia. Antheras lineares, 2-loculares, loculis divaricatis. 10. Cyclostegia. Be7ith Florum spica strobiliformis. Bracteae membranaceae, venossB, margine ciliatas, imbricatae, cyathiformes, ex duabus oppositis connatis constantes. Calyx ajqualis, 5-dentatus. Corolla 4-lida, lobis subaequalibus, superiori suberecto emarginato, inferioribus subpatentibus. Antherae ovataj, loculis confluentibus. Spec. C. strobilifera, Benth. in Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 1562. 1 ] . Aphanochilus. Benth Calyx subaequalis, 5-dentatus. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, breviter 4-fida, lobo superiori suberecto subconcavo emarginato, inferioribus patentibus. Stamina 4, saepiiis exserta, distantia. Antherarum loculi divergentes vel divaricati, demiim confluentes. Species omnes Indicae. 1. A. blandus. Benth. in Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 1550. (Mentha blanda. Wall. herb. 1823, at vix Dec. ic. hort. gen.) 2. A. fwtens. Benth. in 1. c. no. 1551. 3. A. incisus. no. 1552. (Mentha blanda. Lindl. trans. Hort. Soc. vol. 6, p. 275). 4. A.flavus. no. 1553. 5. A. polystachyus. no. 1554. 6.^A. eriostachyus. no. 1555. 7- A. pilosus. no. 1556. 8. A. paniculatus. no. 1557. § 3. Anther ce terminates l-loculares, rima transversali dehiscentes. 12. Dysophylla. Blume Calyx aequalis, 5-dentatus. Corolla tubo brevissimo, sub- aequalis, 4-fida, lobo inferiori subpatente. Stamina 4, exserta, distantia. Filamenta bar- bata. Antherae terminales, 1-loculares, rima transversali dehiscentes. Species omnes Indicae. 1. D. velutina. Benth. in Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 1538. 2. D. quadrifolia. Benth. in 1. c. no. 1539. (Mentha quadrifolia. Roxb.) 3. D. linearis. no. 1540. 4. D. cruciata. no. 1541. 5. D. stellata. no. 1542 (Mentha stellata. Lour., M. quaternifolia. Roth.) 6. D. ramosissima. no. 1543. 7- D- verticillata. no. 1544. (Mentha verticillata. Roxb.. non Hook. bot. mag. no. 2907, nee Don. prod. fl. Nep.) 8. D. crassicaulis. no. 1545. 9. D. pumila. no. 1546 (Mentha pumila. Graham, M. ver- ticillata. Hook. 1. c.) 10. D. myosuroides, no. 1547 (Mentha myosuroides. Roth.) 11. D. auricularia. Blume Bijdr. p. 826. 12. D. strigosa. Benth. in 1. c. no. 1549. Blume gives as part of the generic character, the connivence of the teeth of the calyx ; a character very difficult to observe in dried specimens, and which does not appear to me to run through all the above species, which are too closely alhed together to be generi- cally separated. The form of the anthers, and the bearded stamina, are constant in the whole of them. Blume describes the stamina as declinate ; but if they are so in the hving state it can only be in a very slight degree. This genus, different in habit both from Mentha and Pogostemon, is intennediate between them in characters. 13. Pogostemon. Desf. — Calyx aequalis, 5-dentatus. Corolla 4-fida, subbilabiata, labio superiore 3-fido patente, inferiori integerrimo acuto subdeflexo. Stamina 4, exserta, distantia, sul)declinata. Filamenta barbala. Antherae terminales, 1-loculares, rima trans- versali dehiscentes. Species omnes Indicae. 1. P. plectranthoides. Desf. 2. P. parvijlorum. Benth. in Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 1531. 3. P. Heyneanum. Benth. in loc. cit. no. 1532. 4. P. (/labrum. no. 1533. 5. P. vestitum. no. 1534. 6. P. rotundatum. no. 1535. Blume (Bijdragen, p. 827) describes another species, under the name of P. menthoides, of which the filaments are without the hairs I have found on every other species both of Pogostemon and Dysophyllum. If he be right in his description, either bis plant muse belong to some other genus, or the character of this one must be modified accordingly ; but not having seen his plant, I cannot determine this point. This genus has usually the stamina slightly dechnate, and on this account would belong to the Ocymoideaj ; but the declination is in general so slight as to be scarcely perceptible in dried specimens ; and the close connexion between the two latter genera (which cannot be separated from one another) and Mentha has induced me to place them in this tribe. Tribus 2. SATUREINEiE. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labiis subaequaUbus, superiori erecto sub. piano. Stamina 4, distantia, antheris 2-locularibus, loculis parallelis vel raro divaricatis. § 1. Antherarum loculi paralleli. 14. Bystropogon. L'Hir Flores dichotomo-paniculati. Calyx 10-striatus, cam- panulatus, aequalis, 5-dentatus, fauce intus villosa. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labio superiori erecto piano emarginato, inferiori patente tritido. Stamina 4, distantia. Antherarum loculi paralleli. 15. Pycnanthemum. Michx Flores dense capitati, bracteis invohicrati. Calyx 15-nervis, ovato-tubulosus, dentibus 5 subsqualibus, fauce intus nuda. Corolla tubo calycem sub^equante, bilabiata, labio superior! erecto piano integro vel brevissime emar- ginato, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina 4, distantia. Antherarum loculi paralleli. I do not think that the genus Brachystemum Michx. can be separated from this one. 16. Satureia. Linn Flores verticillati vel capitati. Calyx 10-striatus, aequalis, 5-dentatus, fauce intus nuda. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labio superior! suberecto piano emarginato subbifido, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina 4, distantia. Antherarum loculi paralleli. The Satureia Thymbra Linn, has the stamina approximate under the upper lip, and must therefore be excluded from this genus. The section Thymaria {Dec. et DUby bot. gaU. p. 370) cannot, in my opinion, be distinguished from Thymus. The section Sabattia, Mcench, forms my genus Micromeria. The genus Sature'ia would thus be confined to the S. hortensis, montana, and perhaps one or two others among those which I have not yet had an opportunity of examining. 17. Micromeria. Benth. — Flores verticillati vel capitati. Calyx 10- vel 15-striatus, tubulosus, dentibus 5 subsequalibus, intiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo calycem sub- aequante, bilabiata, labio superior! erecto piano emarginato, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina 4, distantia. Antherarum loculi paralleli. This genus comprehends the Sabattia of Moench (a name which I could not adopt, on account of the older genus of the same name in the order of Gentianese), and most of the species of Persoon's section Zygis of the genus Thymus; probably also the South American Bystropogons with verticillate flowers. 18. Thymus. Limi Flores verticillati vel capitati. Calyx 10-striatus, ovato-tubu- losus, bilabiatus, labio superior! 3-dentato, inferiori bifido, intiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labio superior! erecto subplano emarginato, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina 4, distantia. Antherarum loculi parallel!. This genus would thus be reduced to Persoon's section Serpyllum. 19. Origanum. Linn — Florum spicaj tetragonae, strobiliformes, bracteis imbricatis. Calyx varius. Corolla tul)o calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labio superior! erecto sub- plano emarginato, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina 4, distantia. Antherarum loculi paralleli. These six genera are so closely allied as to be scarcely distinguishable. The corolla and stamina are nearly the same in all, the length of the stamina being too variable even in the same species to serve as a generic character. The inflorescence and calyx alone, characters of minor importance in the order of Labiatae, can serve to separate them. 20. Lophanthus. Benth Supra. § 2. Antherarum loculi divaricati. 21. Hyssopus. Linn Calyx tubulosus, subaequalis, 5-dentatus. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labio superior! erecto emarginato, inferior! trifido : lobis lateralibus suberectis, medio emarginato subbifido, laciniis divergentibus. Stamina 4, exserta, dis- tantia. Antherarum loculi lineares, divaricati." /2^^ <7ii^'-/^ SXMoi^tt^eu/ /£!^ Stiau^fui^liMo/. /(yic y^f'^iM^ 1284 FUCHSIA* thymifdlia. Thyme-leaved Fuchsia. OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Onagrari;e. FUCHSIA. — Supra, vol. 10. foL 847. F. thymifoUa; ramis pubescenti-hirtellis, foliis parvis oppositis ovatis aut subrotundo-ovatis obtusis subintegerrimis supra hirtellis subtus glabri- usculis, calyce subinfundibuHformi : laciniis oblongis angustato-acutis, petalis ovato-oblongis obtusis integris (subrotundis patenlissimis undu- latis), staminibus inclusis. — Kunth in Humb. et Bonpl. nov. gen. et species pLantarum, vol. 6. p, 104. tub. 535. Dec. prodr. 3. 37. Lopezia thymifolia. Willd., according to Link in Schultes mantissa, 50. Caulis ramosus, frutescens, ramis debilibus, teretibus, cinereis, pube minima obtectis. Folia ovata, obtusa, longe petiolata, utrinque minute pubescentia, subtiis pallidiora ; nunc opposita, nunc suboppcsita, S(Bp^ alterna ; stipulae minutissim(B. Flores parvi, axillares, solitarii, pe- dunculis petiolorum longitudine, capillarihus. Calycis tubus infundi- bularis, limbo acute A-Jido paulb longior, purpurascens. Petala oblojiga, plana, patentissima, undulata, obtusa, primum pallide rosea, dein intensius rosea, mox purpurea. Stamina subinclusa. Stigma longe exsertum, capi- tatum, indivisum. We had lately the gratification of publishing a figure of the lovely Fuchsia microphylla of Mexico : we are now indebted to the same rich store of new plants for the oppor- tunity of figuring another very interesting species of the genus, the F. thymifolia of Kunth. It is a native of high land in Mexico, whence it was procured by Robert Bar- clay, Esq. Humboldt found it near Pazcuaco at an eleva- tion of about 6000 feet. It is a half-hardy shrub, remarkable for its soft entire leaves and changeable flowers, the petals of which are not * See fol. 1269. VOL. XV. L rolled together, as is usually the case, but spread open. The blossoms are at first pale -greenish rose colour, gradually changing to deep red, so that there are many different hues upon the plant at the same time. It pro- pagates very readily by cuttings, and will soon become a common plant. It flowers continually during all the summer months. Stem branched, shrubby ; branches weak, round, ash- colour, covered with very minute down. Leaves ovate, obtuse, on long stalks, covered on both sides with minute pubescence, paler beneath ; sometimes opposite, sometimes nearly opposite, often quite alternate ; stipulce very minute. Flowers small, axillary, solitary, with the peduncles the length of the petioles, and capillary. Tube of the cal2/.v funnel-shaped, rather longer than the limb, which is divided into four sharp-pointed pieces. Petals oblong, flat, very much spreading, wavy, obtuse. Sta??ie?is almost, but not quite, enclosed in the calyx. Stigma a long way protruded, capitate, undivided. /;?*,'/ ■i^^ Jf ^X^u^ /((^. Iifc4=«:«i4^ Q^ '.mj/. ~.^m^. 1285 PENTSTEMON* acuminatum. Pointed-leaved Pentsternon. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. Old. ScrophularinejE. PENTSTEMON.-~Suprci,vol. 13. /oZ. 1121. P. acuminatum ; caule ascendente foliisque glabris valde glaucis, horum radicalibus ovato-oblongis longe petiolatis integerrimis subcoriaceis, caulinis bracteisque cordatis acuminatis sessilibus amplexicaulibus, fasciculis florum subsessilibus, sepalis acuminatis glaberrimis, corollis tubo infundibulari : fauce inflata, limbi laciniis latis retusis. P. acuminatum. Douglas in herb. Hort. Soc. Caulis ascendcns, pedalis sesquipedalisve, imo bipedalis, glaberrimus, valde glaucus, ut et folia et ofnnes alice partes. Folia radicalia erecta, in basin caulis ascendentia, demum in caulina mutata. Bractese venosce, coriacece : inferiores Jioribus longiores. Flores in fasciculis subsessilibus, intra bracteas axillaribus, dispositi, purpurei, ad marginem amoene cyaiiei. Calyces coriacei, sepalis iialdb acuminatis, ampliaiitibus . Corolla calyce triplo longior, glaberrima, tubo infundibulari paululilm arcuato, limbo valde obliquo : lacinii$ latis, rotundatis, v. retusis. Filamentum sterile tubo brevius, apice leviter pilosum, aduncum. We have here the gratification of making known a rival of the beautiful P. speciosum, published some time ago; inferior to it in stature, but exceeding it in beauty of colour- ing and neatness of appearance. It is a native of the barren sandy plains of the Columbia ; growing there, as it appears from Mr. Douglas's specimens, with the lower part of its stems and its radical leaves immersed in sharp coarse white sand. It flowers from June to August. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, to which it had been introduced in 1827. This is by far the most difficult to cultivate of all its * See fol. 1245. genus. No soil has yet been found which suits it : it flowers abundantly, but will not produce seed. It is to be feared, that, unless a fresh supply is procured from N. W. America, the species will be lost to our Gardens. Stem ascending, about a foot high, or a foot and a half, sometimes even two feet, but this is unusual ; very glaucous, as are the leaves, and all the other parts. Radical leaves erect, rising up the base of the stem, before they are changed into cauline ones. Bractece veiny, coriaceous ; the lower- most longer than the flowers. Flowers arranged in sub- sessile fascicles, which are axillary in the bractese, purple, bordered with lively blue. Caly.ves coriaceous, the sepals very much acuminate, growing larger after flowering. Corolla thrice as long as the calyx, quite smooth ; the tube funnel-shaped, slightly arched ; the limb very oblique, with broad, rounded, or retuse segments. Sterile filament shorter than the tube, slightly hairy, and hooked at the point. J. L. Note upon Teucrium orchideum, fol. 1255. Mr. Don has obligingly pointed out to us that this plant is evidently the T. heterophyllum of Cavanilles, icon. vol. 6. p. 56. t. 511 . ; a circumstance to which we had not adverted. It is not, however, the T. heterophyllum of L'Heritier, to which the name is usually applied. Teucrium orchideum will therefore continue to stand as a distinct species, with the synonym of Cava- nilles added to it. /Zei6 '^^^ iy' J ^c<^um^ /6i, S/iccayj^^^Oi£iy/./&Sjj. 1286 PENTSTEMON* glaiicum. Glaucous Pentstemon. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Scrophulauine;e. PENTSTEMON. — Suprd, vol. 13. /oZ. 1121. P. glaucum ; caule herbaceo glabriusculo, foliis omnibus glaberrimis : radi- calibus lanceolatis petiolatis integerrimis denticulatisve ; caulinis brac- teisque ovato-lanceolatis sessilibus amplexicaulibus, panicula tliyrsoidea, corollis inflatis calycibusque extCis glanduloso-pubescentibus, Hlamento sterili porrecto barbato. P. glaucus. Graham in Jamiesons journal, July 1829, p. 348. P. gracilis. Bot. mag. 2945, as far as the description is concerned, but not the fisfure. A dwarf species, thriving in common soil, flowering in profusion in August and September, and propagated by division of the roots and by seeds. It grows about a foot high. The plant from which our figure of this interesting species was taken, was sent from the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, to that of the Horticultural Society, as a Pentstemon, at that time unnamed, which had been raised froni the seeds collected by Mr. Drummond, during Dr. Richardson's last journey in Arctic America. It was afterwards published in the work above quoted, along with an excellent descrip- tion, as a new species, by Dr. Graham. Subsequently, our friend Dr. Hooker has referred the species to P. gracile of Nuttall, in which he is undoubtedly mistaken, as we trust to shew. The sources from which the materials for P. gracile in the Botanical Magazine were taken, were, first, u plant which flowered in the Glasgow Garden, it does not appear whence received, but which afforded the specimen from which the figure was made; and, secondly. Dr. Graham's description above referred to. Now, these two are not in accordance with each other. Dr. Graham says, that the radical * See fol. 1245. leaves of his plant are perfectly entire ; that the stem leaves are dilated at the base and amplexicaul ; that the peduncles are elongated as well as the compound filiform pedicels ; that the bracteaB are ovate ; that the corolla is yellow at the apices of its lobes ; that the upper surface of the lower lip has long yellowish hairs; and, finally, that the barren filament dips to the lower side of the corolla, and is covered with yellowish hairs. But Dr. Hooker's figure is totally at variance with all this in every particular : his radical leaves are strongly serrated, and. although this is occasionally slightly the case with Dr. Graham's plant, yet it is not a usual character ; the stem leaves are neither dilated at the base nor amplexicaul; the peduncles are not elongated, but are, on the contrary, particularly short ; there is no yellow at the apices of the lobes of the corolla ; and, finally, there is no appearance of yellow hairs upon either the lower lip of the corolla, or upon the barren filament. But Dr. Hooker adds, that his plant agrees with specimens collected by Mr. Douglas about Red River, which are also identical with Mandan specimens named by Nuttall himself. Having, fortunately, the advantage of referring to Mr. Douglas's Red River specimens in the possession of the Horti- cultural Society, we find them indeed agreeing most exactly with the figure of the Glasgow plant, but not at all with those in our own Herbarium of Dr. Richardson's plant. The explanation of all this is clearly, that the figure in the Botanical Magazine is of P. gracile,' — of which it is, by the way, an excellent representation, — while the description is of P. glaucum ; and that these two species are not the same, as Dr. Hooker has concluded. J. L. /3S' ■.~<^iy JSytJr/^iA,^ 76 c^ S/^^M^uMf f2>c<^y. /&&p- J'M^^ 1287 CHRYSANTHEMUM* indicum. Indian Chrysanthemum. SYNGENESIA POLVGAMIA SUPERFLUA. Nat. ord. Compos it ;E. CHRYSANTHEMUM. — Supra, vol. l.fol. 4. C. indicum ; foliis flaccidis petiolatis pinnatifidis crebr^ dentatis ; supremis integerrimis, radio calyce paulo longiore, caule fruticoso, Sabine in Linn, trans. 14. 144. C. indicum. Li7in. sp.pl. 2. 889. Small yellow single Chrysanthemum. Sabine in Hort. trans. 5. 159. Chr. tripartitum. Sweet's flower garden, t. 193. /3. flore pleno. Hort. trans, vol. 4. tab. 13. This is the plant which Linnaeus intended by the name of Chrysanthemum indicum, and is probably a distinct species from the cultivated double Chrysanthemum of the Gardens; as has been long since stated by Mr. Sabine, to whose paper in the Linncean Society's Transactions we refer those who are interested in a critical investigation of the synonyms of either kind. In that work the subject is so nearly exhausted, that we can have little to add, beyond this, that we agree in opinion, that the left and upper right-hand specimens in the Linnaean Herbarium both belong to the species which is the subject of the accompanying plate ; and that the lower left-hand specimen is probably a morsel of some variety of Chrysanth. sinense. A specimen with double flowers, gathered at Banda by Mr. Christopher Smith, and preserved in the Smithian Herbarium, without having been determined, is possibly * From xz^'^'^if gold, and osv.^e?, a flower; in allusion to the yellow colour of the flowers of many species. C. indicum also ; but the specimen figured in the Horti- cultural Transactions, vol. 4. tab. 12. is no doubt distinct both from C. indicum and sinense. There are specimens in the Smithian Herbarium of what is probably this plant, but so badly preserved that it is difficult to determine them accurately ; they have no mark to indicate whence they were received. Mr. Brown's specimens, from which the drawing above alluded to was made, were from China ; and we are in possession of a perfect specimen of the same plant gathered wild near Macao. This species, which should be called C. Sabini, appears to be procumbent, has smaller flowers, and its ray is white, not yellow. Introduced by Mr. Brookes, of Ball's Pond, about the year 1821 : it requires the same management as the com- mon Chinese Chrysanthemums, but blossoms as late as January. The double variety figured in the Horticultural Transac-- tions is now known in our Gardens under the name of the Double yellow Indian Chrysanthemum. J. L. nibb. i'.Cl/llf- OS'^. S^»/^h, J -SU,,*^ /^c^ ^tc..<.^iai^ O^.^/ak^. J?'>Sf&4''./^. 1288 ISOPOGON* formdsus. Handsome Isopogon. TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Proteace;e, ISOPOGON.— Supn}, vol. W.fol. 900. I. formosus ; foliis bipinnatifidis siibtriternatis filiformil)MS supra canalicii- latis : laciiiiis divaricatis, ramulis tomentosis, perianthiis o-labris: laminis apice pilosiusculis. — i2. Brown in Linn, trans. 10. 72. Prodr. 1. 366. Sfc. Frutex rigidus, ramosus, ramis nuirinis : vetustis nvdiusculis, juniorihns sericeo-villosis. Folia stepius triternata, dura, teretia, pungejitia, suprcl sulcata, glabra, laciaiis divaricatis. Capitulum snhsessile, terminate, foliis involucratum. Squamse ohovutce, cuspidatce, cxtiis lanatce. Calyx max deciduus, tuho gracili glabra. Umbo quadrifido, laciniis spatulatis, pur- pureis, apice extremo villosis, intiis antheriferis, infra antheras bicallosis. Ovarium villosissimu7n ; stylus filiformis, apice biarticulatus, articiilo infe- riore luteo, pubescentc, clavafo, superiore ovato, elongafo, glabro, ad apicem stigmatifero. This, the most beautiful of its genus, is said to have been introduced so long since as the year 1805 to the Kew Garden. As far, however, as the public is concerned, the date of its introduction may be more properly fixed in 1824, when it was raised by Mr. Mackay, from seeds col- lected in the neighbourhood of Lucky Bay, by Mr. Baxter, on his first visit to the west coast of New Holland. It is right, that in all questions about the period at which plants have been introduced, this distinction should be borne in mind, and that the world should be aware that the intro- * From 'iTCi, equal, and -Tvuym, a beard ; so named because the long hairs of the fruit are placed equally all over it, and do not arise from one side only, as in the neighbouring genus Petrophila. duction of a plant to his Majesty's Garden at Kew, is a very different affair from its introduction to Great Britain. An object cannot be properly said to be introduced from one country to another, unless it is afterwards disseminated by such means as the introducer possesses ; a practice which is adopted in every establishment in the world, save in that one which ought to set an example to all others. A greenhouse shrub, remarkable for its hard, neat, rigid, divided leaves, and heads of purple flowers. Propa- gated by ripened cuttings, struck under a bell-glass. It blossoms in July. Our drawing was made this year, in Mr. Mackay's Nursery at Clapton. J. L. /^<^ mi^ J{i)/i^.a^. .i^W^ ^J £Su^unty f£j/. CkaxuMt^'^^^'^^'^ifSi'JI- yMoArM-. 1289 STACHYS germanica ; vm\ pubescens. Pubescent Gennan Stachys. DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Labiate. § NepetecB. STACHYS. L — Calyx ovato-campanulatus, 10-nervis, sequalis, 5-dentatus, intus fauce nuda vel vix pilosa. Corolla tubo calycem suhsequante, 2-labiata, labiis suba;qualibus, superiori sub- patente integro fornicato vel subplano : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro vel emarginato. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherw 2-loculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter 2-fidus. Achenia sicca, Isevia Benth. St. germanica ; canescens, verticillis multifloris, foliis ovatis ; serraturis imbricatis, caule lanato. Pers. synops. 2. 123. Var. pubescens ; foliis dense villosis, minus serratis. , " St. pubescens. Schrad." Hart. Gotting. This was sent to the Horticultural Society from the Gdttingen Garden, under the name of S. pubescens : it appears to be a mere variety of S. germanica, with thicker leaves than usual. It is a hardy perennial, flowering from June to the end of August. Mr. Bentham having kindly supplied us with a continuation of his very valuable and interesting characters of the genera of Labiatee, we gladly take this opportunity of printing it, being desirous that not a day should be lost in putting Botanists in possession of information which is of such great importance to them. J. L. " This genus, which appears to be spread over nearly the whole of the globe, is a numerous and very natural one, and consequently difficult in regard to the distinction of its species. The generic character brings it nearest to Betonica and to Chaiturus : it diifers from the former chieily by the shorter tube of the corolla, and the divaricate cells of the anthers. Chaiturus is easily distinguished fi-om Stachys by its habit and inflorescence ; yet the erect position of the upper lip of the corolla, and the shorter stamina scarcely protruding from the tube of the corolla, are the only characters I have been able to find. The S. lavandulsefolia has been established as a separate genus, under the name of Zietenia, by Gleditsch, who, according to Persoon {Ench. 2. p. 124), distinguishes it from Stachys by the long subulate laciniae of the calyx, and the abortion of three of the nuts ; but neither of these characters appears to me sufficiently important for the generic separation of plants otherwise resembling each other. The genus Stachys belongs to the Labiatae with ascendent stamina, which I should propose to divide into four tribes, the Ajugoideee, Monardece, Nepetece, and Prasiea ; the remainder of the Labiatae, those with declinate stamina, forming a single tribe, the Ocymoidew. I now proceed to continue the enumeration of the genera, as commenced in the last Number of the Register., giving the characters of those which I have been able to examine myself, and inserting the names only of such as I am no otherwise acquainted with than by the descriptions of authors. Tribus 2. SatureinEj^:. {Continued from fol. \2Q2.) § 3. Anther y Don {Prodr. fl. nepal. p. 103) to the genus Clerodendron, belongs undoTibtedly to the order Labiatse, and is indeed scarcely distinguishable from Teucrium. In habit it comes nearest to T. hyrcanicum. The structure of the flower is so nearly that of T. heterophyllum Desf., that if the genus be retained, the latter species should probably be added to it. 25. Teucrium. Li7in — Calyx tubulosus, ovatus v. campanulatus, 5-fidus v. .'j-dentatus, sub- sequalis v. bilabiatus. CorollaK tubus calyce subbrevior ; labium superius bipartitum, laciniis demissis : inferius patens, 3-fidum. Stamina 4, ascendentia, e fissura labii superioris longe exserta. Antherae, loculis divaricatis confluentibus, subuniloculares. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia reticulato-mgosa. This genus is easily subdivided into very natural sections, which, however, appear to me too closely connected to form separate genera. 26. Amethystea. Limi Calyx campanulatus, subsequalis, 5-fidus. Corollas tubus calyce brevior, labium superius bipartitum : laciniis demissis, inferius patens, 3-fidum. Stamina fer- tilia 2, ascendentia, e fissura labii superioris longe exserta. Antherae biloculares, loculis divergentibus, demiim divaricatis subconfluentibus. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia reticulato-mgosa. This genus only differs from Teucrium by the abortion of the two upper stamina. A. coerulea is most nearly allied to Teucrium orientale. 27- Trichostema. Linn — Calyx campanulatus, oblique 5-fidus, resupinatus. Corolla, tubo calyce incluso, v. exserto incurvo, bilabiata : labio superior! integro falcato, v. bifido, lobis demissis : inferiori 3-fido, lobis lateraUbus suberectis, medio patente. Stamina 4, ascendentia, e labio superiori longe exserta, falcata. Anther* biloculares, loculis demum divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia reticulato-rugosa. This genus is allied to Amethystea and to Isanthus, which latter genus ought perhaps to be brought to this tribe ; but my specimens are not good enough to enable me to ascertain precisely the direction of the stamina. 28. Ajuga. Linn, — Calyx ovatus, subaequalis, 5-fidus. Corolla tubo suhexserto, bilabiata : labio superiori abbreviato erecto integro vel emarginato, inferiori majore patente trifido. Stamina 4, ascendentia, e labio superiori exserta. Antherae 2-loculares, loculis divergentibus vel divaricatis subconfluentibus. Stylus apice subsqualiter bifidus. Achenia reticulato-rugosa. 29. Anisomeles. Br. — Calyx ovatus, subwqualis, 5-dentatus. Corolla tubo calycem sub- aequante, bilabiata, labio superiori abbreviato erecto integro, inferiori majore patente 3-fido. Stamina 4, ascendentia, e labio superiori exserta. Antherae longiorum dimidiatae, breviorum hiloculares, loculis parallelis transversalibus. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia laevia. 30 ? CoUinsonia. Linn Calyx ovatus, bilabiatus, labio superiori 3-dentato, inferiori bifido. Corolla bilabiata, labio superiori abbreviato 4-dentato, inferiori elongato lacerato-fimbriato. Stamina fertilia 2, rariiis 4, ascendentia(?), exserta. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus subaequaliter profunde bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia, tribus saepius abortivis. Tribus 4. Monarde^. Corolla subaequaliter bilabiata. Stamina, 2 labii inferioris ascendentia, e labio superiori exserta vel ei subwqualia, antberis margine connexis ; labii superioris abortiva v. rariiis fertilia, tubo subinclusa, antheris liberis. 31. Monarda. Linn Calyx cylindricus, 15-nervis, subaequalis, 5-dentatus, intiis fauce vil- losa. Corolla tubo longe exserto, fauce subinflata, bilabiata, labiis snbfequalilius ; superiori erecto liueari integro, inferiori patente 3-fido. Stamina fertilia 2, ascendentia, e labio superiori exserta. Antherae margine connexae, biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 32. Blephilia. Rafin Calyx ovato-cylindricus, 10-nervis, intus fauce nuda, bilabiatus, labio superiori 3-dentatus dentibus subulato-aristatis, inferiori 2-dentatus dentil)us breviter aristatis vel muticis. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce inflata, bilaltiata, labiis sub»qualibus : superiori erecto lineari integro, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina fertilia 2, ascendentia, e labio superiori exserta. Antherae margine connexae, biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. The Monarda hirsuta Pursh, belongs to this genus, as well as the M. ciliata Linn, or Blephilia ciliata Rafin. 33. Zizyphora. Linn Calyx elongato-cylindricus, 15-nervis, suba>qualiter 5-dentatus, intiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labiis subwqualibus : superiori erecto lineari integro, inferiori patente 3-fido. Stamina fertilia 2, ascendentia, e labio superiori exserta vel rarius eo subbreviora. Antherae margine connexae, biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Styli lobus superior brevissimus. Achenia sicca, laevia. Cunila capitata Linn, appears to me to have been correctly referred to this genus, although in Z. capitata., hispanica, and tenuior Linn, the stamina are somewhat shorter than the upper lip of the corolla ; a circumstance, however, which, in this instance, I should consider of little importance. 34? Cunila. Linn Calyx tubulosus, 10-15-nervis, subaequalis, dentibus 5 margine vil- losissimis. CoroUa tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto emarginato, inferiori patente 3-fido. Stamina fertilia 2, ascendentia, e labio superiori exserta. Antherae margine connexae (?), biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subinteger. Achenia sicca, Iffivia. This genus thus restricted to C. mariana Linn., C. paniculaia Benth., another N. American species unnamed in Linnaeus's Herbarium, and C. lythrifolia Benth., a Mexican plant in IMr. Lindley's Herbarium, appears to me to belong to this tribe ; although, on account of the manner in which the flowers are dried in the only specimen I have had an opportunity of dis- secting, I have not been able to ascertain whether the anthers are constantly connected even in their young state. Under an ordinary microscope the style of C. lythrifolia appears entire, though by means of a powerful lens a slight fissure may be observed. In C. mariana the fissure is rather more apparent. 35. Rosmarinus. Linn. — Calyx campanulatus, bilabiatus, labio superiori integro, inferiori bifido, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce siibinflata, bilabiata, labiis subsequahbus : superiori erecto emarginato, inferiori patente 3-fido. Stamina fertilia 2, ascendentia, e labio superiori exserta. Antherse margine connexie, biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylilobus superior brevissimus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 36. Synandra. Nutt. gen. 2. p. 30. Tribiis 5. Nepete^e. Corolla bilabiata. Stamina ascendentia, labio superiori breviora. Antherae liberae. Achenia sicca. This tribe comprehends a large portion of the genera of Labiatae, many of them apparently differing much from one another, but very difficult to reduce further into natural groups. The divisions I have here adopted, for the sake of convenience, are purely artificial. §. 1. Calyx tsqualis vel obliquns, 5-\Q-denta(us, nee bilabiatus. * Stamina e tubo exserta. AnthercB perfectce. 37. Leonotis. Br Calyx ovatus, 10-nervis, oblique 8-10-dentatus, intus fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto elongato fornicato, inferiori brevissimo reflexo patente 3-fido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherje biloculares loculis divaricatis subconfluentibus. Styli lobus superior brevissimus. Achenia sicca, lavia. 38. Leucas. Br — Calyx ovatus v. cylindricus, 10-nervis, aequalis v. ore obliquus, 8-10-dentatus : fauce intus nuda v. villosa. Corolla tubo calycem subfequante, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto ovato fornicato integro : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio supe- riori ascendentia. Antherae, loculis divaricatis confluentibus, subuniloculares. Styli lobus superior brevissimus. Achenia sicca, laevia. Dr. Wallich's Indian collection contains 22 species of this genus, of which 17 are new. 39. Phlomis. Br Calyx tubulosus, 10-nervis, 5-gonus, aequalis, 5-dentatus, intus fauce nuda V. villosa. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, 2-labiata, labiis subsequalibus : superiori com- presso galeato incumbente integro v. emarginato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobis lateralibus minimis, medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divari- catis subconfluentibus. Styli lobus superior brevissimus. Achenia sicca, Isvia. Link {Handbuch, p. 479) has formed a separate genus, under the name o{ Phlomidopsis, of the P. tuberosa Linn., giving as the character " calyx dentibus rotundatis sub apice subulatis;" but this is more or less the case with most of the Phlomides, and is so irregular that it cannot form the distinctive mark of a genus. However, the P. tuberosa Linn., herba venti Linn., macrophylla Wall., and probably most of the herbaceous species, might form a separate section, characterised by the calyx naked inside, and by the upper stamina being produced below their point of insertion into a sort of spur. The P. parviflora Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 20G6, and rugosa Wall. 1. c. no. 20G7, appear to have fleshy achenia, and, if so, form a new genus of the order Prasieae, allied to Gomphostemraa Wall. : but the specimens are too imperfect to determine this point. The P. alba Forsk, and moluccoides Vahl, with neither of which I am acquainted, do not appear, from the descriptions given, to be true Phlomides. 40. Notochaete. Benth — Calyx tubulosus, 5-nervis, 5-dentatus, intus fauce nuda, nervis sub apice dentium in setam hamatam productis. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto fornicato integro : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Filamenta superiorum basi sub insertione breviter calcarata. Antherae biloculares, loculis demum divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. Species unica, N. hamosa. Benth. in Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 2068. 41. Ballota. Linn — Calyx hypocrateriformis, aequalis, 10-nervis, plicatus, dentibus 5 sub- foliaceo-dilatatis mucronatis, intus fauce nuda. Corolla tubo calyce subbreviore, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto integro fornicato : inferiori subpatente 3-fido, lobo medio bifido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 42. Beringeria. Necker Calyx infundibuliformis, 10-nervis, aequalis, dentibus 10 foliaceo- dilatatis patulis mucronatis, inti.s fauce villosa. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante vel exserto, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus: superiori erecto linear! fornicato integro vel dentato: inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia vel minutissime punctulata. To this genus should be referred, besides the B. cinerea, acetabulosa, and pseudodictamnus of Link (^Handbuch, p. 478), the Marrubium africanum Linn,, crispum Linn., hispanicum Linn., hirsutum Willd., and probably also the INI. orientate Spreng. 43. Roylea. Wall Calyx ovato-tubulosus, aequalis, 10-nervis, semi-5-fidus, laciniis oblongis venosis erectis, intiis fauce subvillosa. Corolla calyce brevior, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto fornicato integro : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae. biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subajqualiter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. Species unica, K. elegans. Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 2099. {Ballota cinerea. Don prod. fl. nepal. Ill ?) This genus is nearly allied in character to the two preceding, but differs much from both in habit. It was dedicated by Dr. Wallich to his friend Dr. Royle, superintendent of the Botanic Garden at Saliarunpur. 44. Moluccella. Lirm Bracteae subulato-spinoss. Calyx amplus, carapanulatus, subaequalis, V. dente superiori majore obliqvuis, reticulato venosus, sub 5-8-dentatus. Corolla calyce brevior, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto fornicato integro : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio bifido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Autherae biloculares, loculis divari- catis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Acheuia sicca, Isevia. 45. Eriophyton. Benth. — Bracteae foliaceaj. Calyx amplus, campanulatus, aequalis, dentibus 5 ovatis subspinosis. Corolla tubo calyce subbreviore, bilai)iata : labio superiori amplo galeato compresso emarginato, inferius abbreviatum 3-fidum involvente. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. Species unica, E. Wallichii. Benth. in Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 2070. 46. Chasmouia. Presl Bracteae subulato-spinosae. Calyx amplus, turbinatus, oblique sub 5-dentatus : dente superiori maximo, inferioribusque obsoletis sinubusque 3 inferioribus spinosis. Corolla tubo calyce incluso, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto ovato-spathulato sub- piano emarginato : inferiori minore patente 3-fido, lobo medio bifido. Stamina 4, sub labio supe- riori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, lasvia. 47. Leonurus. Linn Calyx ovatus v. campanulatus, 5-10-nervis, aequalis, dentibus 5 subu- latis, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo subexserto, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto integro subplano v. fornicato, inferiori patente 3-fido : lobo medio integro v. bifido. Stamina 4, s>ub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis parallelis. Stylus apice sub- aequaliter bifidus, Achenia sicca. The Panzeria Rloench, which I should, with Persoon, consider as a section of this genus, difli"ers from the true Leonuri by the fornicate upper lip of the corolla, and by the emarginate or 2-cleft middle division of the lower lip ; but as the habit of all the species is so much alike, I do not think these differences sufficient to constitute a separate geims. 48. Galeobdolon. Huds — Calyx campanulatus, 5-nervis, subaequalis, 5-dentatus, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto incurvo subfornicato integro : inferiori minore patente trifido, lobis lateralibus reflexis, medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis demiim divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 49. Galeopsis. Linn Calyx campanulatus, sub 10-nervis, aequalis, 5-dentatus, aristatus, intus fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce inflata bidentata, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto integro v. crenulato fornicato, inferiori patente 3-fido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis subparallelis, valvulis intiis ciliatis v. nudis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. In the section Tetrahitum, which Presl considers as a distinct genus, the valves of the anthers are not ciliate ; but I can perceive no other difference. 60. Lamium. Linn. — Calyx campanulatus, subaequalis, 10-nervis, 5-dentatus, aristatus, intus fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce inflata, bilabiata, labiis subasqualibus : superiori erecto integro fornicato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobis lateralibus suberectis antice dentatis, medio emarginato. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antheraj biloculares, loculis divaricatis, margine extiis bart)atis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 51. Orvala. Linn Calyx campanulatus, subaequalis, sub 5-nervis, o-dentatus, aristatus, intus fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce inflata dentata, bilabiata, labio superiori erecto fornicato dentato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobis lateralibus reflexis, medio emarginato. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divergentibus, demiim divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 52. Physostegia. Benth Calyx ovatus, post anthesin inflatus, sub 10-nervis, breviter 5-dentatus, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce inflata edentula, bilabiata, labiis sub- aequalibus : superiori erecto integro v. emarginato subfornicato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae 2-loculares, loculis parallelis. Stylus apice subajqualiter bifidus. Achenia sicca, lajvia. This genus includes Dracocephaluvi virginianum Linn., D. variegatum Vent., D. denticulatum Ait., and probably also D. cordatum Nutt. 53. Sphacele. Benth Calyx campanulatus, subaequalis, 13-15.nervis, venosus, 5-dentatus, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce subinflata, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto bifido subplano : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobis lateralibus reflexis, medio bifido, laciniis reflexis. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis linearibus divergentibus. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. Species omnes Chileuses facie Salviae. 1. S. Lindlei Benth. (Stachys salviae, Lindley bot. reg. t. 1226. folia basi hastato-sagittata). 2. S. subhastata Benth. (folia basi subhastata vel truncata). 3. S. campanulata Benih. (folia parva basi attenuata). 54. Betonica. Linn Calyx ovatus, 10-nervis, aequalis, 5-dentatus, aristatus, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo saepiiis exserto, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori subpatente sub- plano integro v. emarginato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis parallelis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 55. Stachys. Linn, supra. ( To be continued.) ii^.OC '^C. ^A. SCat^. de^. n,4i-^ifj (Sultfu^, ^^(/ S^icccu^My CS<^./. /c^. y-^i^^. 1290 MICROSTYLIS* ophioglossoides ; /3. meocicatia. Mexican Snake' s-tongue-leaved Microstylis. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. Orchide^e. § Malaxidese Lindley : * Pleurothallese. MICROSTYLIS Nutt. — Sepala patentia, libera; lateralia basi sequalia ssepius breviora. Petala patentia, linearia v. filifcrmia. Labellum pa- tentissimum, cum columna angulum rectum formans, basi excavatum, sagittatum v. auriculatum, integerrimum v. dentatum, tuberculis nullis. Columna minima, raro paululiim elongata, apice dentibus seu auribus duabus instructa. Pollinia 4, collateralia. Herbae terrestres v. epiphytce, habitu Liparis, foliis plicatis v. memhranaceis, basi raro incrassatis. Flores herbacei, nunc fiavescentes v. discolores. — Lindley, Genera and Species of Orchideous Plants, part 1. ined. M. ophioglossoides ; caule unifolio, racemo obtuso capitato multifloro, labello tridentaio. I. c. Malaxis unifolia. Michaux. Malaxis ophioglossoides. Willd. no. 3. Lodd. bot. cab. 1. 1146. excellent. Microstylis ophioglossoides. Nutt. gen. 2. 196. /3. mexicana ; caule pedali, racemo densiore, labelli dente media lateralibus minora. I. c. This genus was instituted by Mr. Nuttall, but with a very erroneous description. It is, however, most distinctly characterised, and has been since proposed by Dr. Blume under the name of Crepidium ; and by Dr. Wallich, in his manuscript papers, under that ofThyreochilus. Fourteen species are known to us, of which tive are unpublished. Malaxis monophyllos Willd. , diphyllos of Chamisso, umbel- lulata and spicata of Swartz, acuminata of Don, Rheedii Willd., Crepidium flavescens Blume, and Ophrys macro- stachya Z/^/z;e, all belong to the genus. We shall give the characters of these and other species in a work specially * So named from iji.ik(c<;, small, and (rrvXa?, a column ; in allusion to the very small size of what is called the column in this plant. devoted to the subject, which will appear in the spring of the following year, with illustrations drawn from the admirable sketches of Mr. Bauer. The subject of the accompanying plate was raised in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, from roots trans- mitted from Mexico by Mr. John Brown. It grows in the greenhouse, in a pot, coming up every year in the spring, flowering for five or six weeks, and then dying down. The inflorescence is remarkable, when it first appears, for its very depressed state. The axis afterwards elongates ; and what was at first an umbel, becomes a corymbose raceme. In the figure this is pretty well shewn ; but the leaf is represented too cordate, and the form of the labellum is, as may be seen from the magnified figure, inaccurate. It is impossible to distinguish this from the M. ophio- glossoides of North America, which is well figured in Mr. Loddiges' Botanical Cabinet. It differs in its greater stature, it is true, and also in the proportion borne by the middle lobe of the labellum to the side ones ; but we doubt whether the species of Orchid eous plants are to be charac- terised by marks so slight as these. J. L. 1;l(J I "i^ J'' iiaUywtU/ /^^ ^u:ci<^(Jiuli^ '--Ik^?. fdi^(^. 1291 DENDROBIUM* seculidum. One-sided Dendrobium. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. ORCiiiDEiE. § Malaxideee Lindl. * Dendrobiese. DENDROBIUM. — Suprd, vol. 1 . fol. 548. § Caules undique Joliosi, cylindracei, scep^ penduli. D. secundum; caulibus pendulis, foliis oblongis apice obliqu^ retusis, racemis lateralibus terminal ibusque secundis, sepalis ovatis : lateralibus basi in cornu longo obtuso incurvo connatis, petalis supremo paulo minoribus, labello integerrimo acuto apice tumido. — Lindley, Genera and Species of Orchideous Plants, part 1, ined. D. secundum. Wall, in cat. herb. ind. Pedilonum secundum, Blume Bijdrag. p. 322, For an opportunity of presenting the public with a figure of this fine species, we have to thank Mr. Tate, of the Sloane Street Nur- sery, by whom a plant in flower was communicated in July last. It had been collected at Rajah Bassa, in Sumatra, by William M'Killigin, Esq. It appears, from Dr, Wallich's drawings, to be a most lovely species in its native places of growth, forming long pendent stems, which throw out an abundance of one-sided racemes of purple flowers 5 or 6 inches long. The specimen now represented blossomed imperfectly, as its stems had been allowed to remain in an erect, instead of pendent position. The habit of this, and many other Dendrobriums, being to hang down from the trees on which they grow, it is impossible to cultivate them with any success unless they are suspended in the air in pots, or otherwise so managed that they can shoot freely in the way that is natural to them. If we are right in Dr, Blume's synonym, which we can scarcely * So called from ^sv^gov, a tree, and /3• '/^. 1292 LEPECHINIA* spicata. Spiked Lepechinia. DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. LABiATjf:. § Nepetece. Bentham. LEPECHINIA Willd Calyx campanulatus, 13-nervis, bilabiatus, labio superiori 3-dentato aristato, inferior! truncato biaristato, post anthesin inflexo calycem claudente : fauce intus nuda. Corolla tubo calyce breviori, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto emarginato subplano : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integerrimo. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori asceudentia, lateraliter divergentia. Antherw biloculares, loculis divergentibus demum divaricatis. Stylus apice sub- aequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, leevia — Bentham. L. spicata. Willd. hort. berol. 1. p. 21. t. 21. enum. 2. 612. Kunth synopsis, 2. 87- Horminum caulescens. Orteg. dec. p. 63. Pers. synops. 2. 132. We have frequently seen this plant raised from collections of Mexican seeds, wherefore we suppose it to be a common weed in that country. With us it is a hardy annual or biennial, growing a foot or two high, flowering from June to October, and readily increased by seeds. Our principal motive for publishing it now is for the purpose of giving a figure something better than the very bad one of Willdenow, which is commonly quoted, and Mr. Bentham's amended character of the genus. We also profit by the present opportunity to continue that gentleman's cha- racters of LabiatfiB, comprising all the genera, except those of Ocymoidece, which will appear hereafter. J. L. {Continued from fol. 1289.) " 56. Chaiturus. Mcench.. — Calyx ovatus, 5-10-nervis, aequalis, 5-dentatus, aristatus, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto integro fornicato : inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia, e tabo vix exserta. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, leevia. 57. Cymaria. Benth Calyx subglobosus, sub lO-nervis, aequalis, 5-deutatus, fauce coarctata intus nuda. Corolla tubo subexserto, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto integro fornicato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Styli lobus superior brevissimus. Achenia sicca, punc- tato-rugosa. Species 2 Indicae. 1. C. elongata Benth. in Wall. cat. herb. ind. no. 2079. 2. C. diehotoma Benth. in 1. c. no. 2080. Habitus Craniotomis. 58. Craniotome. Reichenb Calyx ovatus, post anthesin subglobosus, sub 10-nervis, aequalis, 5-dentatus, fauce coarctata intus villosa. Corolla tubo exserto, bilabiata, labio superiori bre- vissimo erecto integro, inferiori longiore patente 3-fido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis demiim divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. This genus appears to me to have no affinity to Anisomeles, with which Sprengel has joined it. 59. Nepeta. Linn Calyx tubulosus, basi subgibbus, 15-nervis, aequalis, v. ore obliquus, 5-dentatus, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo subexserto, fauce inflata, bilabiata, labiis sub- aequalibus : superiori erecto emarginato fornicato v. subplano : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobis lateralibus reflexis, medio lato concavo. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, minute rugoso- punctata, rariiis laevia. 60. Glechoma. Linn Calyx tubulosus, 15-nervis, aequalis, 5-dentatus, intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce inflata, bilabiata, labiis sub»qualil)us : superiori erecto subplano * Named after Lepechin, a Russian Botanist and traveller. VOL. XV. M emarginato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro piano. Stamina 4, sub labio superior! ascendentia, breviora vix e tubo exserta. Antherae biloculares, loculis ante anthesin parallelis, demum divergentibus v. divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, la;via. This genus is scarcely distinguishable from Nepeta. 61. Colquhounia. Wall Calyx campanulatus, 10-nervis, subaequalis, o-dentatus, intus fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto incurvo, fauce inflata, bilabiata, labiis subeequalibus : superiori erecto integro subfornicato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobo medio integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, superne alata. Dr. Wallich's collection contains, besides C. coccinea, two new species ; C. elegans Wall. cat. no. 2084, and C. vestita Wall. cat. no. 2086. 62. Achyrospermum. Blume Bijdragen^ p. 840. A genus apparently allied to Colquhounia. 63 ? Holmskioldia. Betz Calyx amplus, campanulatus, membranaceus, venosus, margine subintegerrimo. Corolla tubo exserto, fauce vix inflata, bilabiata, labio superiori abbreviato erecto integro : inferiori subpateiite trifido, lobis lateralibus brevissimis, medio longiori integro. Stamina ascendentia, exserta. Antherae biloculares, loculis parallelis. Stylus apice subinteger. Achenia sicca ? rugosa. •* Stamina e tubo exserta. Antherw dimidiatce vel casscs. 64 ? Hemigenia. Br. prodr. p. 502. •*• Stamina intra tubum inclusa. 65. Sideritis. hinn Calyx ovatus, campanulatus, 10-nervis, aequalis, vel dente superlore majore obliquus, 5-dentatus, spinosus, intus fauce villosa. Corolla tubo calycem subaequante, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto bifido subplano : inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio emarginato. Stamina 4, ascendentia, intra tuimm inclusa. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis, staminum inferiorum saepiiis cassae v. abortivae. Stylus apice breviter bifidus, lobo inferiori membranaceo superiorem clavatum l)asi involvente. Achenia sicca. 66. Marrubium. Linn. — Calyx ovatus, lO-nervis, striatus, subaequalis, dentibus 5 v. lOrigidis patulis : intiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo subexserto, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto lineari bifido subplano : inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio crenulato. Stamina 4, ascendentia, intra tubum corollae inclusa. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis saepiiis confluentibus. Stylus apice breviter bifidus, lobis conicis, superiori breviore. Achenia sicca. The above characters will probably include all the species of 3Iarrubium which remain after the exclusion of those I have referred to Beringeria, and of the M. mollissimum Don, which appears to be a Leucas. 67- Lavandula. Linn Calyx ovatus, 13-nervis, subaequalis, 5-dentatus, dentibus 4 sub- sequalibus, quinto summo apice appendiculatim producto. Corolla tubo exserto, bilabiata; labio superiori erecto emarginato v. bifido : inferiori patente trifido. Stamina 4, ascendentia, intra tubum corollae inclusa. Antherae biloculares, loctilis divaricatis subconfluentibus. Stylus apice subinteger, stigmatibus complanatis connatis. Achenia sicca. 68 ? Phytoxys. Molin. ex Spreng. syst. no. 2081. 69 ? Rizoa. Cav. ic. 6. p. 56. t. 578. § 2. Calyx bilabiatus. Anthera biloculares vel connectivo brevi dimidiatce. 70. Dracocephalum. Linn — Calyx tubulosus, 15-nervis, bilabiatus : labio superiori 3-dentato, dentibus ovatis, media saepiiis latiore : inferiori 2-dentato, dentibus linearibus : intiis fauce nuda. Corolla tubo nunc exserto nunc calyce breviori, fauce inflata, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto, emarginato, fornicato : inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio emarginato subplano. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia, approximata. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 71. Melissa. Linn. — Calyx 5 v. sub 13-nervis, campanulatus, bilabiatus, labiis patentibus, superiori subplano 3-dentato vel 3-mucronato, inferiori bifido : fauce intiis nuda v. vix pilosa. Corolla tubo nunc calycem subaequante nunc exserto, fauce subinflata, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto emarginato subplano v. rariiis fornicato : inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio subplano. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia, superiora nunc sterilia v. abortiva. Antherae bilocu- lares, loculis demiim divaricatis. This genus would thus comprehend M. officinalis Linn., pyrenaica Jacq., parvi^fiora Benth. in Wall. cat. no. 2825, and Jlava Wall. cat. no. 2826. I have also referred to it the Cunila nepalensis Don prod. fl. nepal. p. 107, vv'l)i -h differs from the other species of Melissa by the constant abortion of the upper stamina, and by the rugose nuts ; but as I have observed the upper stamina to be occasionally sterile in several species of this and other genera of this section, I can scarcely consider the remaining character, of the rugosity of the nuts, sufficient to. warrant the constituting a separate genus. 72. Lepechinia. Willd Supra. 73. Thymbra. Linn Calyx 5-nervis, ovatus, supra planus angulis ciliatis, basi infrk gibbus, bilabiatus, labio superiori 3-dentato, inferiori bifido : intiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo exserto, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto emarginato v. bifido : inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio emarginato. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia, approximata. Antherae biloculares, connectivo crasso, loculis distinctis parallelis. Stylus apice subajqualiter bifidus. Achenia sicca, lajvia. 74. Acynos. Manch Verticillastra pauciflora. Calyx IS-nervis, tubulosus, basi infra gibbus, bilabiatus, labio superiori 3-dentato, inferiori bifido: iiitiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo nunc exserto subinflato, nunc calyce incluso, bilabiata : labio superior! erecto Integra v. brevissime emarginato, subplano : inferiori patents 3-fido, lobo medio subintegerrimo. Stamina sub labio superiori ascendentia, approximata, superiora nunc sterilia v. abortiva. Antherse biloculares, loculis distinctis, connectivo crasso saepius adnatis, subparallelis divergentibus v. demum divari- catis. Styli lobus inferior recurvus, complanatus, superiorum brevissimum basi involvens. Achenia sicca, Ifevia. Tbis character includes Hedeoma Pers. 75. Gardoquia. Ruiz et Fav — Flores in axillis subsolitarii v. laxe cymosi. Calyx 13-nervis, tubulosus, basi ajqualis, bilabiatus, labio superiori 3-dentato, inferiori bifido, v. rariiis suliajqualis : intus fauce villosa v. subnuda. Corolla tubo exserto sajpius incurvo, fauce vix inflata, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto emarginato subplano : inferiori patente S-fido, lobo medio emarginato. Stamina sub labio superiori ascendentia, lateraliter divergeutia, superiora nunc sterilia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divergentibus v. demum divaricatis. Styli lolius inferior recurvus, complanatus, superiorem l)reviorem, nunc brevissimum, basi involvens. Achenia sicca. These characters are taken from Ruiz and Pavon's specimens in Mr. Lambert's Herbarium. The Horticultural Society's collections contain a Chilian plant which bears considerable re- semblance to the other Gardoquias, but appears to have the style regularly bifid. The specimens are not, however, good enough to enable me to determine exactly its affinities. 76. Calamintha. Maench. — Flores in axillis subsolitarii v. saepius laxe cymosi. Calyx 13-nervis, tubulosus, basi subasqualis, bilabiatus, labio superiori tridentato, inferiori bifido, v. rarius subaequalis : intus fauce villosa v. rariiis subnuda. Corolla tubo saepius exserto subrecto, fauce subinflata, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto emarginato subplano : inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio emarginato. Stamina sub labio superiori ascendentia, approximata, superiora nunc sterilia. Antherae biloculares, loculis distinctis, connectivo crasso saepiiis adnatis, subparallelis divergentibus vel demiim divaricatis. Styli lobus inferior recurvus, complanatus, superiorem breviorem, nunc brevissimum, basi involvens. Achenia sicca, laevia. 77- Clinopodium. Linn Verticillastra conferte multiflora. Calyx 13-nervis, tubulosus, basi subaequalis, saepius incurvus, bilabiatus, labio superiori tridentato, inferiori bifido : intus fauce subnuda. Corolla tubo saepius exserto, bilabiata : labio superiori erecto emarginato subplano : inferiori patente trifido, lobo medio emarginato. Stamina sub labio superiori ascendentia, supe- riora nunc sterilia. Antherae biloculares, loculis distinctis, connectivo crasso saepe adnatis, sub- parallelis divergentibus v. demiim divaricatis. Styli lobus inferior recurvus, complanatus, supe- riorem breviorem, nunc brevissimum, basi involvens. Achenia sicca, laevia. These four last genera are separated only by distinctions so vague and so slight, that they ought perhaps to form but one, which woiild be well characterised by the 13-nerved tubular calyx (it being constantly 15-nerved in Nepeta and Dracocephalum, and ovate or campanulate in Melissa, Lepechinia, and Thymbra), and especially by the conformation of the style, which is nearly the same as in Sideritis. 78. Melittis. Lin7i Calyx irregulariter venosus, campanulatus, subfoliaceus, bilabiatus : labio superiori lato emarginato vel bilobo : inferiori bilobo, lobis lato ovatis. Corolla tubo longe exserto, bilabiata, labio superiori integro, inferiori 3-fido, lobis omnibus rotundatis pateutibus subaequalibus. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis di- vergentibus. Stylus apice breviter bifidus, lobis subaequalibus. Achenia sicca, laevia. 79. Macbridea. Elliott in Nutt. gen. 2. p. 36. 80. Prunella. Linn Calyx ovatus, bilabiatus, labio superiori subplano 3-dentato vel 3-mucronato, inferiori bifido : intus fauce nuda. Corolla tubo exserto, bilabiata, la!)io superiori erecto integro fornicato, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Filamenta apice bidentata, dente superiori nuda, inferiori antherifera. Antheras biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subwqualiter bifidus. Achenia sicca. 81. Cleonia. Linn. — Calyx ovatus, 10-nervis, bilabiatus, labio superiori 3-dentato, inferiori bifido r intiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo longe exserto, bilabiata, labio superiori erecto emarginato fornicato, inferiori patente 3-fido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Filamenta apice bidentata, dente superiori nuda, inferiori antherifera. Antherae biloculares, loculis divergentibus. Stylus apice subaequaliter quadrifidus. Achenia sicca, laevia. The structure of the style in this genus seems to shew that that of the Labiatae in general should be considered as consisting of the union of four distinct styles, and each lobe of the ovarium as one of four distinct ovaria connected together. In some specimens of Prunella I have observed a third, and even a fourth, tube in the style, reaching part of the way up the divisions of the apex, and there terminating in a very small stigma. 82. Scutellaria. Linn Calyx ovato-campanulatus, supra in squamam concavam, dorsaleni, appendiciforraem productus : ore bilabiatus, labiis integris, post anthesin clausis. Corolla tubo longe exserto, bilabiata, labio superiori erecto fornicato incumbente, inferiori breviore suberecto 3-fido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antheraj ciliatas, staminum superiorum dimidiatae, inferiorum cordatae, biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Styli lobus superior brevissimus. Ovariiun gynophoro incurvo elevatum. Achenia sicca, laevia, nuda. 83. Perilomia. Kunth nov. gen. et spec. 2. p. 326. 84 ? Hemiandra. Br. prod. p. 502. § 3. Calyx bilabiatus. Antherce dimidiatce, connectivo elongate fiUformi. Salvia. Linn Calyx bilabiatus, labio superiori integro v. 3-dentato, inferiori bifido. Corolla bilabiata, labio superiori erecto fornicato v. falcato, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina fertilia 2, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Filamenta brevissima, tubo inclusa. Anthera; dimidlatze ; connectivo elongate, filiformi, iiicurvo, postice saepius clavato, rarius aiitherze loculam alteram a:erente. Stylus apice bitidus, lobo superior! saepius breviore. Achenia sicca. The Slenarrhena lanata Don prodr. fl. nepal. p. Ill, appears to me to be a species of Salvia (S. cana Wall. cat. no. 2145). Tribus 6. Prasie.i. Corolla bilahiata. Stamina ascendentia. Achenia carnosa. 8C. Prasium. Linn Calyx campanulatus, lO-nervis, bilabiaUis, labio superiori 3-fido, inferiori bitido, lobis ovatis foliaceis. Corolla tubo calyce breviori, bilabiata, labiis subajqualibus : superiori erecto integro subplano : inferiori patente S-fido, lobo medio Integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Autherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus, lobis subulatis. Achenia carnosa. This genus would thus be again confined to the European species. 87. Phyllostegia. Benth Calyx ovatus, lO-nervis, subaequalis, nunc 5-fidus, lobis ovatis foliaceis, nunc breviter 5-dentatus. Corolla tubo calycem superante, nunc longe exserto, saepius incurvo, fauce non inflata, bilabiata : labio superiori subpateute integro subplano : inferiori longiore patente 3-fido, lobis ovatis, medio majore integro. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Anther* biloculares, loculis divergentibus v. demiim divaricatis. Stylus apice clavatus, breviter l)ifidus, lobis clavato divaricatis v. lunatis. Achenia carnosa. Verticil- lastra racemosa v. panicuiata, foliis floralibus bracteaeformibus. Tlie Herbarium of the Horticultural Society contains nine species of this gemis, all gathered by their collector, ]Mr. M'Rae, in the Sandwich Islands. The following are some of the most striking characters by which they may be distinguished. 1. P. dentata, hirsutissima, calycis Idbis foliaceis dentatis, styli lol)is clavatis. 2. P. vestita, hirsutissima, calycis lobis foliaceis inte- gerrimis, styli lobis clavatis. 3. P. grandiflora ( Prasium grandiflorum. Gaudichaud, atlas du voy. de Freyc, t. 65 ?) glabriuscula, calycis lobis subfoliaceis, styli lobis lunatis. 4. P. macrophyllum (Prasium macrophyllum Gaudich. 1. c. ?), caulefoliisque glabriusculis, calycibus breviter 5-dentatis, styli lol)is lunatis, racemis abbreviatis. 5. P. leptostachys, caule foliisque adpresse villosis, calycibus breviter 5-dentatis, styli lobis lunatis, racemis elongatis, verticillastris distantibus. 6. P. glabrum (Prasium glabrum Gaudich. 1. c. t. 64), pedunculis solitariis axillaribus, trifidis, styli lobis clavatis. 7- P- clavata, stylo apice clavato, brevissime bifido, stigmatibus complanatis recurvis. 8. P. racemosa, pubescens, foliis oblongis basi cordatis, verticillastris multifloris, styli lobis clavatis. 9. P. ? hirsuta, hirsutissima, calycibus breviter 5-dentatis, foliis lato cordatis, verticillastris multifloris paniculato-racemosis. The Prasium parviflorum, Gaudich. 1. c. t. 65, appears to be a distinct species from all the above. 88. Stenogyne. Benth Calyx ovato-campanulatus, lO-nervis, subaequalis, nunc 5-fidus, lobis ovatis foliaceis, nunc breviter 5-dentatus. Corolla tubo exserto incurvo, fauce inflata, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus : superiori erecto emarginato : inferiori patente 3-fido, lobis subaequalibus. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus, lobis subulatis. Achenia carnosa. Verticillastra in axillis foliorum caulinorum. The Horticultural Society's Sandwich Island collection contains the following species of this genus also : 1. S. rugosa, foliis rugoso-nervosis, calycibus aridis acute dentatis. 2. S. scrophu- laroides, foliis lipviusculis, calycibus herbaceis obtuse dentatis. 3. S. macraniha, hirsutissima, calycis lobis foliaceis. 89. Gomphostemma. Wall Calyx ovatus v. tubulosus, subaequalis, 5-dentatus, nunc aristatus. Corolla tubo recto exserto, supra medium inflato, bilabiata, labiis subaequalibus, supe- rior! erecto integro fornicato, inferiori patente trifido. Stamina 4, sub labio superiori ascendentia. Antherae biloculares, loculis parallelis transversalibus. Stylus apice subaequaliter bifidus, lobis subulatis. Achenia carnosa. Besides the species enumerated by Dr. Wallich in his Catalogue of the East India Com- pany's collections, the Prasium javanicum and phlomoides Blume should probably be referred to this genus." ^^J. 1293 LEUCOCORYNE* odorata. Siveet-scented Leucocoryne. TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. AsphodelEjE. LEUCOCORYNE.— Periantliium hypocrateriforme, cum pedicello continuum, limbo 6-partito. Stamina 3 fertilia e tubo exorta; tria sterilia carnosa teretia e fauce laciniis corollinis opposita. SquamcB hypogynae nullae. Ovarium sessile, triloculare, polyspermum ; stylus teres, cuui ovario articulatus; stigma simplex. Herbae {Chilenses), cormis induviatis. Flores umbellati. L. odorata; foliis linearibus glaucis, limbi laciniis lanceolatis sublaciniatis, staminibus sterilibus subulatis obtusis, pedunculis subaequalibus tubj brevioribus. Folia debilia, valde glauca, linearia, scapi pedalis longitudhie. Scapus teres. Involucrum bifulium, jioribus brevius. Umbella 3-4-Jiora. Flores albi, odorem OxyacanthcR debilem spirantes, pedicellis cequalibus dupVo brevioribus. Perianthium hypocrateriforme; tubo subcylindraceo, atro- viridi, circd. medium subtumido ; limbo patente, Q-partito : laciniis sub- cequalibus subrecurvis, corollinis nunc laciniatis. Stamina fertilia 3, e medio tubo exorta, subsessilia, 3 sterilia laciniis corollinis ojjposita, subu- lata, obtusa, e fauce, nunc, nee raro, antherifera ; antherse ovatcE, bilocu- lares, longitudinaliter intus dehiscentes. Ovarium superum, obovatum, cylindraceum, 3-loculare, polyspermum, apice truncatum, intrusum ; stylus staminibus inferioribus idemissior, teres, cum ovario articulatus: stigma simplex, papillosum. This pretty little plant was found by Mr. M'Rae, in November 1825, along with two other species, upon the sides of the mountains lying between St. Jago and Valparaiso, in places where the snow had been a few days melted. It is rather delicate, requiring in this country the protection of a frame or greenhouse, when it produces its fragrant flowers in August. It is to be increased by offsets, and grows best in a light loamy soil in which some coarse white sand is mixed. It was received from Mr. M'Rae by the Horticultural Society in the spring of 1826, and flowered for the first time in August of the same year, at which period the drawing was made. From Brodiaea this jrenus differs in the texture of its sterile stamens. " From Xiuxoi, white, and Ksoivn, a club ; in allusion to the club-like sterile stamen*. and in the place of insertion of its fertile ones : it is also distinguishable by the want of hypogynous scales, which, although not much developed in Br. congesta, undoubtedly exist in Br. grandiflora, where, however, they have been overlooked by Dr. Hooker in the Botanical Magazine, both in his figure and description. The two other species above alluded to as having been found by Mr. M'Rae at the same time with this, were 1. L. ixioides ; foliis linearibus glaucescentibus, limbi laciniis oblongis laciniaiis subaequali- bus, staminibus sterilibus fusiformibus, pedunculis aiqualibus tubo duplo longioribus. Brodiaea ixioides. Bot. mag. 2. L. alliacea ; foliis linearibus , limbi laciniis erectis acuminatis subaequalibus, staminibus sterilibus clavatis, pedunculis valde inaequalibus : longioribus capillaribus. Brodiffia alliacea. Miers^s travels. Nearly related to Brodisea are two other unpublished genera, to which Dr. Hooker has made allusion in the Botanical Magazine. They are both characterised by the upper stamens or those opposite the corolline segments of the perianthium being fertile ; but they differ from each other in the position and form of their stamina, and in the form of their perianthium. One of these is marked in Mr. Douglas's papers Triteleia, which we suspect is a name furnished to him by Dr. Hooker. It may be characterised thus : — Triteleia. Perianthium hypocrateriforme, cum pedicello continuum, limbo 6-partito. Stamina 6, fertilia ; tribus e fauce ante lacinias corollinas, tribus e tubo alternis. Squama hypo- gynae nuUae. Ovarium pedunculatum, 3-loculare, polyspermum ; stylus trigonus, cum ovario continuus ; stigmata tria Herbas {Austro- et Boreali-Americancs) cormis indu. viatis. Flores umhellati. 1. T. hivalvis ; foliis linearibus scapo (palmari) erecto duplo longioribus, involucri diphylli foliolis latis foliaceis erectis, staminibus superioribus infra faucem exortis. Found by Mr. M'Rae at the baths of Collina, near St. Jago in Chile, at the limits of the snow. 2. T. uniflora ; foliis linearibus scapo (pedali) debili subsequalibus, involucro vagi- nante apice bifido pedunculo filiformi duplo breviore, umbella 1 -flora, staminibus supe- rioribus infra faucem exortis. Found in Mendoza by Dr. Gillies, to whom we are indebted for a specimen. 3. T. grandiflora ; foliis linearibus glaucis scapo erecto (2-pedali) brevioribus, in- volucro triphyllo patente membranaceo, umbella congesta 5-6-flora, staminibus superioribus supra faucem exortis, linea elevata ad basin tumida e filamentis tubum decurrente. Found in North-west America by Mr. Douglas. It is growing in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, where it flowers in July. The other genus, which is the Brodisea grandiflora of Nuttall, but not of Smith, is very nearly related to Allium, on which account it may be called Hesperoscordum. It serves to establish a transition from the tubular-flowered to the hexapetalous genera of Asphodelese, and is unquestionably no Millea, as has been supposed. The following is its essential character : Hesperoscordum. Perianthium campanulatum, 6-fidum, cum pedicello articulatum : laciniis calycinis acuminatis carinatis, corollinis obtusis. Stamina 6, fertiha, filamentis dilatatis mem- branaceis aequalibus e fauce exortis. Squama hypogynse nullae. Ovarium sessile, tri- loculare, polyspermum ; stylus teres, cum ovario articulatus ; stigma simplex. Capsula 3-locularis, 3-valvis, polysperma, valvis medio septiferis. Semina nigra, angulata, sub- Crustacea Flores umbellati. Herba {Boreali-Americana) cormis induviatis. Flores umbellati. Hesperoscordum hyacinthinum. Brodiaea grandiflora. Nuttall gen. 215. Native of the plains of the Missouri and of the north-west of America, in which last country it was found by Mr. Douglas. J • Ju. ip.g4 --#;. 1294 ZINNIA* violacea ; var. coccinea. Scarlet Zinnia. SYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA. Nat. ord. CoMPOSiTvE. § Helianthese. Cassini. ZINNIA. — Involucrum oblongo-campanulatum, aut hemisphsericum, polyphyllum, imbricatum. Receptaculum conicum, paleaceum. Flosculi disci tubulosi hermaphroditi ; radii ligulati foeminei. Achenia disci com- pressa, apice emarginato-bidentata, denie altero saepe aristato ; achenia radii corolla persistente coronata. Herbae oppositifoliae. Yo\\2i Integra. Fiores terminales, solitarii, lutei, coccinei, aut rarius violacei. — Kunth synops. 2. 489. Z. violacea ; foliis ovato-acutis sessilibus subconnatis, palearum apicibus fimbriato-serratis. Cavanilles icones, 1. 57. t. 81. Pers. synops. 2.458. Bot. rep. 1. t. 55. Z. elegans. Jacq. ic. rar. 3. t. 589. collect. 5. 152. Willd. sp. pi. 3. 2140. Spreng. syst. 3. 578. Herba annua, characteribus omninb Z. violaceae, prceter colorem fioscu- lorum radii intense coccineum. This splendid plant came up among some Mexican seeds presented to the Horticultural Society by J. S. Mill, Esq. Its appearance was so entirely that of Zinnia violacea, that till it flowered its beauty was not suspected ; and this unfortunately took place at so late a period of the recent rainy, sunless season, that we fear no good seeds of it were saved. Our drawing was made in September, and may be the * Named in honour of John Gottfried Zinn, a professor of Botany at Gottingen; born in 1727, died in 1759. He is chiefly remarkable for having made some experiments to ascertain the cause of the irritability of plants. He asserted that the leaves of Desmanthus virgatus would move exactly the same in a damp, cold, dark cellar, as beneath the influence of the sun ; whence he concluded it to be a vital phenomenon. means of recovering the variety, which would no doubt be accomplished if persons in this country were to send the figure to their correspondents in Mexico. Such is the brilliancy of the scarlet, that no mixture of the most vivid colours will match it by many degrees. Although as an annual, Z. violaceais usually propagated by seeds, yet it strikes freely by cuttings taken off when the stems have just become woody; a fact which is worth knowing, in case the variety should be recovered. J. L. -^4r S. yJ-^^J^-.-Cyii^ /,-,:' A, .- MC^ 1295 PENTSTEMON* attenuatum. Taper-pointed Pentstemon, DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. Ord. SCROPIU'LARINE*. PENTSTEMON. — Supra, vol. U. foL 1121. P. attenuatum ; caule stricto apice piloso, foliis radicalibus ellipticis acutis petiolatis, superioribus ovato-oblongis amplexicaulibus sessilibus, om- nibus glaberrimis integerrimis, panicula stricta calycibus coroUisque pubescentibus, capsulis glaberrimis. P. attenuatum. Douglas in herb. Hart. Soc. Caulis sesquipedalis 2-pedalisve. Folia atroviridia, glabra. Flores ochroleuci. Folia radicalia nunc cuneata, cuspidata. A native of the mountains of Lewis and Clark's River, where it was found by Mr. Douglas. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticultural Society in August last. One of the hardiest of its handsome genus, growing from 1^ to 2 feet high, and freely in any kind of garden mould : propagated readily by division of its spreading roots. It flowers from July to the end of September. The species is chiefly remarkable for the deep green of the leaves, and the delicate cream colour of the flowers. J. L. * See fol. 1245. iZQ/i 1296 JASMINUM* acuminatum. Pointed-leaved Jasmine. DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Jasmin e^e. JASMINUM. — Suprci, vol. 1. fol. 89. J. acuminatum ; foliis (simplicibus) ovatis acuminatis glabris, petioli articulo superiori 5-6ies longiore, calycibus campanulatis : dentibus brevissimis. — R. Brown prodr. 521. Rami teretes, scandentes, glabri. Folia simplicia, ovata, acuminata, lucida, glaberrima, petiole in medio articulato : dimidid superiore inferiore pauVo longiore (an igitur species nostra revera Brunoniana). Flores pani~ culati, paniculis nunc diffusis, nunc corymbosis, ramis pedunculisque divari- catis. Calyx campamdatus, dentibus obsoletis. Corolla alba, limbo scepiks 6-partito : laciniis ovatis. Raised from seeds from the banks of the Hastings, in New South Wales, by the Honourable and Rev. William Herbert, to whom we are obliged for specimens. It is probably the species to which we have referred it, although we cannot reconcile that part of Mr. Brown's character in which the upper joint of the petiole is described as live or six times as long as the lower, with the specimens we have examined. A greenhouse plant, propagated by cuttings, and flower- ing in November, Branches taper, climbing, smooth. Leaves simple, ovate, acuminate, shining, quite smooth ; the petiole articulated * Linnaeus ingeniously derives this word from /«v, a violet, and o«7ti, scent ; but, according to De Theis, it is rather an alteration of ysniyn, the Arabic name of one of the species. in the middle, the upper joint being rather longer than the lower. Flowers panicled, the panicles either diffuse or corymbose, the branches and peduncles straggling. Caly.v campanulate, with obsolete teeth. Corolla white ; the limb usually 6-parted, with ovate segments. J. L. t' ^ 1297 CRINUM* latifdlium. Broad-leaved Crinurn. HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Amaryllide^. CRINUM. — Suprd, vol. l.fol. 52. C. latifolium ; bulbo sphserico, foliis lanceolatis undulatis margine scabris, spatha 10-12-flora, floribus sessilibus : tubo declinato cylindrico obsolete trigone, limbo campanulato horizontali : laciniis lanceolatis subundulatis. C. latifolium. Liiin. sp. pi. 1. 419. Ker in journ, of sc. 1817, addend. Amaryllis latifolia. L Merit, sert. angl. 14. Willd. sp. pi. 2. 57. Ker in journ. of sc. no. 45 (1817). Spreng. syst. 2. 52. Sjovanna-pola-tali. Rheede mulab. 11. 77. t. 39. For our figure of this fine and very rare species of Crinura we are indebted to the Right Honourable the Earl of Caernarvon, in whose noble collection at Highclere the drawing was made, as long since as December 1825. Mr. Gowen remarks to us, that it is most closely allied to- Crinum speciosum, moluccanum, insigne, &c. It is a shy flowerer, and tender, as are most of its oriental congeners, which are very impatient of drip in the heart of the leaves, and require alternate periods of rest and quick active vegetation. This bulb was sent to Lord Caernarvon many years since by Dr. WaUich, who has been so kind as to favour us with the following important extract relating to it from Dr. Roxburgh's MS. Flora Indica : — ** A native of Bengal, where it begins to blossom with the first showers in April, and continues to do so during the early part of the rainy season. I long considered this most stately plant a variety of Amart/l/is lineata, Lamarck Encydop. I. 123, (which I am still inclined to consider a Crinum) ; but on taking up some of the bulbs The xg/vav of the Greeks is supposed to have been Lilium candidum. of both sorts sent to England, I observed a greater difference in their appearance than can be traced in the parts above ground, though even there their disagreements are sufficiently conspicuous to justify the separation. The following description will be found more com- parative than usual with me, on account of their resemblance ; and no doubt both belong to Criitum, at least to the same genus with our East India Crinums. I do not, therefore, think L'Heritier, and after him Willdenow, have rendered Botany any service by changing the place of C. zeylanicum and latifolium. " Root a spherical, tunicated bulb, often 2 feet in circumference, and rather more flattened at the base than at the opposite end ; — in lineatum it is ovate, never so large, and abounds more in cobweb- like fibres. Leaves numerous, radical, disposed equally on all sides, lanceolate, waved, smooth, tapering from within a few inches of the base to rather an obtuse point; margins scabrous, with minute cartilaginous denticules, length from 1 to 3 feet, and from 3 to 5 inches broad ; — in lineatum narrower, ribs much more prominent, length as far as 3 feet, margins greatly more waved, and perfectly smooth : this mark alone is sufficient to distinguish the two plants. Scapes from the axils of the decayed leaves, somewhat compressed, as thick as a man's tlmrab, and from 12 to 24 inches long; — in lineatum longer, and coloured. Umbels with from 10 to 20 flowers; — in lineatum rarely so many. Spathes (in both) two, of an ovate-conic form, with many soft filaments mixed amongst the flowers. Flotvers sessile, large ; tube green ; border pale rose, almost white, faintly fragrant, particularly when they first expand, soon after sunset;— in lineatum they are scarce so large, and the colours much more bright, almost like vdlata. Corolla, tube declinate, cyhndric, obscurely 3-sided, about 4 inches long. Border campanulate, horizontal; segments lanceolate, with rather soft subulate points, length between 3 and 4 inches. Fil. Q, shorter than the segments of the border of the corolla, inserted on the mouth of the tube, declinate, with apices sharp, and always erect. ^w^Ae/'s falcate, incumbent, and tremulous, pale yellowish gray; — in lineatum they are brown. Germ inferior, oblong, 3-celled, with several seeds in each, attached in two vertical rows to the two lobes of the thick, fleshy receptacles, which are substantially united to the wall of the germ, and seemingli/ so to each other in the centre ; — C. lineatum and our other Indian Crinums have exactly the same germ, and all produce large bulbous seeds. Stj/le filiform, declinate, and projecting beyond the stamina. Stigma small, 3-toothed. Pericarpium a soft, somewhat fleshy, perishable envelope, which covers one, two, or three, rarely more, large, fleshy, bulbiform seeds; no trace of either partitions or sutures to be found." J. L. i^gs. 1298 PLEUROTHALLIS* prolifera. Proliferous Pleurothallis. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. OrchidevE. § Malaxideae Lindtey. * Pleurothallese. PLEUROTHALLIS. — Suprd, vol. 9.fol. 759. P. prolifera ; caule ancipiti, folio oblongo cochleato carnoso prolifero racemo duplo longiore, bracteis cuneatis cuspidatis cucullatis pedicello brevioribus, sepalis conniventibus lateralibus semiconnatis petalis labello- que conformibus dupl6 longioribus, clinandrio dentato. — Lindley Gen. and Sp. of Orchideous Plants, part 1 . ined. P. prolifera. Herbert in litteris. Epiphyta, caulibus monophyllis, fiexuosis, palmaribus, basi terefibus, apice compressis obtuse marginatis. Folia crassa, carnosa, avenia, cucullata, ovato-oblonga, acuta, semper prolifera. Racemus simplex, brevis, ex axilld folii in cujus sinu recumbit, pauciflorus, folio brevior, basi squamis paucis, scariosis, ucutis ; rachis ^exwosa; bractese solitaries, membranacece , herbacece, cucullutce. Flores liirido-purpurei, intiis punctati, breve pedunculati. Ovarium brevissimum, turbinatum. Sepala carnosa, conniventia, acu- minata, basi connata, lateralibus semicohcerentibus. Petala linearia, acu- minata, columncB longitudine. Labellum lanceolatum, integerrimum, sepalis paulb brevius. Columna clavata, semiteres. Clinandrium alatum, denticu- latum. Aiithera bilocularis. PoUinia 2, teretia, basi materie pulvered cohcerentia. For this curious plant we are indebted to the Honourable and Rev. William Herbert, by whom we were favoured with specimens in January last. Mr. Herbert informs us, that it was found at Boto Fogo, near Rio Janeiro, growing on a steep rock, which the sun could rarely shine upon. At SpofForth it flowers six or seven months in the year, producing successive racemes year after year. It * So named from ^Xsy^^i, a side or rib, and :&«'aa», to flower; in allusion, we presume, either to the one-sided disposition of the flowers of some species, or to the developement of the inflorescence from what appears to be the rib of the leaves. likes a shady end of the stove, and to throw its roots about in the air. It will probably grow better in moss half decayed than in any other material. It is remarkable for the proliferous character of its leaves. These constantly produce young rooting plants from their axillae ; and, what is singular, the first leaf of each new individual is produced from the same side of the axis of the mother plant as the old leaf from which it sprung. This apparent exception to the universal laws under which leaves are developed, is due to the abortion of the first leaf that is developed, which appears in the form of a withered scale, while the second leaf is that which is finally and fully developed. J . Ij, ^m- y.^/^ ^i^/-/830. y- 1299 DENDROBIUM* chrysaTithum. Golden- flowered Dendrobium. GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA. Nat. ord. Orchid e^t,. Tribus Malaxidece. * Dendrobieae Lindl. DENDROBIUM.— Supra, vol. 7. fol. 548. § Caules undique foliosi, cylindracei, saspe penduli. Flores fusciculati V. solitarii. D. chrysanthum ; caulibus teretibus pendulis, foliis contortis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis, floribus ternatis inier folia nascentibus, sepalis carnosis oblongis obtusis : venis extus tuberculatis, petalis obovatis retusis car- nosis sepalo supremo latioribus, labello cucuUato denticulate retuso obsolete trilobo. Lindl, Gen. et Sp. Orch. ined. D. chrysanthum. Wallich cat. no. 2012. Flores intense lutei, carnosi, extus tuberculis crcbris minuti ; petala tamen minus tuberculata. Labellum iyitils macula atrosanguined. Ibid. This beautiful species is a native of Nipal, whence it was introduced into the Botanic Garden, Calcutta, by Dr. Wallich, and by that zealous Botanist brought to England in the year 1828. The plant from which the accompanying figure was taken blossomed in a stove in the Horticultural Society's Garden, in February 1829 : it had been presented to that establishment by the Honourable Court of Directors of the East India Company. It is difficult to conceive a plant at once more graceful and beautiful than this ; its pendulous stems, w^hich hang from the rugged, deep brown, moss-clad trunks of trees, are clothed with lucid leaves of the most lively green, and its flowers are of the richest and deepest yellow. At first sight the species might be mistaken for D. fimbriatum, but it will be found very different upon comparison. * See fol. 1239. VOL. XV. N Most cultivators of stove Orchideous plants find a diffi- culty in managing the particular tribe to which this belongs; that difficulty is, however, completely overcome in the Garden of the Horticultural Society, in which these flourish more than almost any others. In that establishment they are treated thus : they are planted in perfectly rotten wood in small pots, which are covered with moss tied securely about them ; these pots are suspended obliquely from the rafters of the front part of a small stove, in such a way that the plants are not compelled to grow upright, but are allowed to assume the pendulous or horizontal position, which is natural to them. Thus treated, species of the true Dendrobium habit, such as D. chrysanthum, flourish in a degree which is at least equal to that of their native woods. The temperature of such a stove should never fall below 75°, and the dew point should be always near saturation. J. L. 1500- V^' ?^;. ^y^^y -4- ,^M|i.5?*' h Mm.^ dr/'. .>^M^ 1300 PHLOMIS* floccdsa. Flocculeiit Phlomis. DIDViNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. Labiate. Trihus 5. Nepelece. Bentliam. PHLOMIS L Supra, fol. 1289. Bentham in notis. P. floccona^ floccoso-lanata ; foliis cordato-oblongis, calycis dentibus bracteisque subulatis uncinato- revolutis, corollae labiis adpressis, caule fruticoso — Don in litt. Planta fntlicosa, bipedalis, diffuse ramosa, land e pilis stellato-ramosissimis composita, floc- cosd., nivea, dense obrida. Rami patentes, tetragoni, quandoque decumbentes. Folia opposita, petiolala, cordato-oblonga, obtusissima, crenata, recurvato-patentia, supra rugosissima, subtus reliculato-venosa, venis prominentibus, palmaria v. paullb longiora: posticibus disti7ictis, ro- tundatis, scepe sursiim flexis. Petioli pollicares v. bipollicares, subtus rotundati, supra canali- culati, bast parum dilatati., connati. Flores subtriplici ordine conferti, sessiles, verticillati : verticillis convexiusculis. Bractese duplici ordine digests, numerosw., lineari-subulatcB. calycibus subcBquales, apicibus spinescentibus, glabris, uncinato-revolutis. Calyx tubulosus, 5-angulus, limbo 5-pUcatus, basi pariim attenuatus, longitudine semuncialis, pube stellatd copiosissime ves- titus: dentibus patentibus, subulatis, apice spitie.tcentibus, uncinato-revolutis. Corolla Jlava, magna : tubus medio constrictus, intiis villis clausus., superne dilatatus., subcompressus : labiis adpressis, pube stellata vestitis ; superiore cucullato, compresso, dorso planiusculo, suhdepresso, margine abrupte dilatato et pariim revoluto, apice truncato, levissime A-lobo ; mieriave longiore, planiuseulo, trilobo ; lobo intermedio maximo, cuneato-dilatato, emarginato ; lateralibus bi- dentatis ; dente anteriore abbreviatissimd, rotundatd. Stamina 4, fauci inserta ; duo anteriora paullb longiora: filamenta teretia, arcuata, villis simplicibus barbata: anthera? compresscB, uni- loculares, filamenti apici dilatato parallelo adnatcB, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovaria 4, disco carnoso imposita, minute papillosa, hinc convexa, inde compressa, subcarinata. Stylus filijormis, apice arcuatus. Stigma obtuse bidentatum, pruinosum ,• dente anteriore minima, fere obsoleto. Cariopsides maluros nondum vidi Don. " This very distinct species of Phlomis was raised from a collection of Egyptian seeds presented to Mr. Lambert by Mr. Greenough, to whom they had been sent by Mr. Burton, who has been residing several years in Egypt ; but the particular district where the seeds were collected was not mentioned. It flowered in the greenhouse at Boyton, in the beginning of November. The plant appears to thrive luxuriantly ; biit I do not think it is likely to prove hardy. The hooked points of the bractese and calycine teeth essentially distinguish it, independently of any other characters, from all the frutescent species of Phlomis hitherto recorded." To Mr. Lambert we are indebted for the opportunity of figuring this plant ; and to Mr. Don for the specific character, description, and remarks upon it. Mr. Bentham having supplied us with the conclusion of his characters of the tribes and genera of Labiata^, they are given below. J. L. t/Jfio; was the Greek name of the Verbascum, which this resembles in the leaves. {Continued from J'ol. 12»2.) Tllbus 7- OcYMOIDE^. Corolla bilabiata. Stamina declinata. 90. Moschosma. lleichenb. (Liimnitzera. Jacq. non JVilld.) — Calyx ovatus, 5-(]entatus, deiitc superiori majore, margiiiibus non decurrentibus, post antbesin patens. Corolla tube calyce sub- breviore, bilaliiata, labio stiperiori breviter quadritido, inferiori integerrimo suliplano. Stamina 4, declinata. Filamenta libera, edentula. Antberie ovato-renifoi-mes, loculis confluentibiis. Stylus apice clavato-capitatus, brevissime bifidus. Verticillastri pauciflori, secundi, racemosi, racemis paniculatis. I am only acquainted with two species, Lumniizera ocymoides and ■polystachya Jacq. 01. Ocymum. Linn Calyx ovatus v. campanulatus, 6-dentatus, dentis superioris ovato- meml)ranacei marginibus decurrentibus alatus, post antbesin reflexus. Corolla tubo calyce sub- breviore, bilabiata, labio superiori quadrifido, inferiori integerrimo subplano. Stamina 4, declinata. Filamenta libera, superiora basi s^epiu3 dentata v. penicillata. AntheraJ ovato- reniformes, loculis confluentibus. Stylus apice sul)ulatus, squaliter bifidus. Verticillastri ssepius multiflori, interrupte spicati, spicis subsimplicibus v. dense thyrsoideo-paniculatis. Besides nearly the whole of the species enumerated by Sprengel, I should consider the O. monachorum liinn. (which appears to me to be the same as O. sanctum Linn.), and also the O. tenuiflorum Linn, as true Ocyma ; for I do not attach much importance to the presence or absence of the tooth of the upper filaments. 92. Orthosiphon. Benth Calyx ovatus v. tubulosus, 5-dentatus, dentis superioris ovato- membranacei marginibus decurrentibus alatus, post anthesin reflexus. Corolla tubo exserto recto, fauce sequali v. rarius inflata, bilabiata, labio superiori 3-4-fido, inferiori integerrimo concavo. Stamina 4, declinata. Filamenta libera., edentula. Antbera? ovato-reniformes, loculis confluentibus. Stylus apice davato-capitatus, subinteger v. brevissime bifidus. Verticillastri subsexflori, interrupte racemosi, racemis elongatis subsimplicibus. Dr. Wallich's collections contain eight or nine species of this genus, to which should 1)6 referred Ocymum triste Roth. ; and perhaps also Ocymum asperum and thymiflorum Roth., and O. adscendens Willd. 93. Coleus. I^our Calyx ovato-campannlatus, 5-dentatus, dente superiori ovato-mem- branaceo marginibus rarius decurrentibus, post anthesin erectus v. reflexus. Corolla tubo exserto refracto v. gibbo, fauce a^quali v. inflata, bilabiata, labio superiori 3-4-fido, inferiori integro elongate concavo, genitalia involvente. Stamina 4, declinata. Filamenta edentula, basi tubo stylum vaginante connexa. Anthers ovato-reniformes, loculis confluentibus. Stylus apice sub- ulatus, cequaliter bifidus. Verticillastri Sfepius multiflori, nunc dense, nunc interrupte, spicati V. racemosi, spicis subsimplicibus v. rariiis paniculatis. The above character would comprehend Plectranthus barbatus Andr. hot. rep. (which is the P. comosus, hot. mag., P. Forskohlii bot.mag., an Willd. ? and perhaps Ocymum monadel- phum Roth., (and which even agrees well enough with Loureiro's character of Coleus amboini- cus), Ocymum scutellarioides Linn., all Blume's Plectranihi, and seven or eight new East Indian species. 94. Plectranthus. UHtr — Calyx per anthesin campanulatus, 5-dentatus, dentibus sequalibus V. superiori saepius majore, post anthesin patens, incurvus, basi gibbus v. inflatus, ore ssepe bila- biatus, V. rarius erectus, tubulosus, iequalis. Corolla tubo exserto gibbo calcarato refracto V. rariiis subrecto, fauce asquali v. rarius inflata, bilabiata, labio superiori 3-4-fido, inferiori longiore concavo. Stamina 4, declinata. Filamenta libera, edentula. Antherae ovato-reniformes, loculis confluentibus, v. rarius biloculares, loculis divaricatis. Stylus apice subulatus, aequaiiter bifidus. Verticillastri laxi, sajpiiis cymosi, multiflori, racemoso-paniculati. This genus may be divided into four sections : 1. Plectranthi veri ; calyce fructifero patente^ basi incurvo gibbo v. inflato^ corolla tubo refracto v. gibbo ; including P. coetsa Hamilt., tnay- purense Spr. (P. cordifoHa Don), australis Hr., glandulosusBr., congestus Br., 7jar«y?o»-ws Willd., and probably also P. caninus Roth., Ocymum salvioides Roth., and O. densijiorum Roth., besides eleven or twelve new species from India, three or four from Madagascar, and one from the west coast of Africa. 2. Germanea ; calyce fructifero patente bilabiuto^ corollce tubo calcarato; con- taining P. fruticosus L'Her., and a new species from flladagascar in Dr. Hooker's herbarium. 3. Pyramidium ; calyce fructifero erecto cBquuli tubuloso, corolla tubo refracto. P. ternifolius Don. 4. Amethytoides ; calyce fructifero vix aucto subcequali cainpanulalo, corolla tubo recto V. subgibbo ; comprising two or three new species from China, as also probably the P. nudiflorus Willd., from that country. 95. Geniosporum. Wall Calyx ovato-tubulosus, raargine membranaceus, irreg^lariter 5-dentatus, fructifer suberectus, dentibus nunc patulis, nunc inferioribus inflexis, basi transverse rugosus. Corolla tubo calycem subwquante, labio superiori quadrifido, inferiori integerrimo sub- plano. Stamina 4, declinata. Filamenta libera, edentula. Antherae ovato-reniformes, loculis confluentibus. Stylus apice bifidus, lobis seepiiis dilatato-complanatis. Verticillastri multiflori, laxe spicati, spicis subsimplicibus. Besides the Ocymum prostratum Linn., I should comprehend under Geniosporum five or six new species from the East Indies, Ceylon, and Madagascar. 9iatus, labio superiori subintegerrimo, inferiori bifido, intiis fauce villosa. Corolla tubo exserto inctirvo, bilabiata, labio superiori brevis- sime emarginato, inferiori trifido. Stamina 4, exserta, distantia. Antherae biloculares, loculis divaricatis saccatis apice dehiscentibus, valvula superiori extiis longe cornuta. Stylus apice sub- aequaliter bifidus. The three genera, Thymus^ Satnre'ia, and Micromeria (as limited at fol. 1289), should, I think, rather form hut a sinp;le genus, which would probably include also Zi/c/is, Desv. in Hamilt. prodr. fl. ind. occid. Gardoquia origanoides Reichenb. in Spr. syst. cur. post. p. 225, is a species of Lantana. NOTE. In reply to the observations made at fol. 1290 upon tne substitution by Messrs. Frost and Hooker of the name Stanhopea for that of Ceratochilus, the latter has published the following answer in the Bot. Mag. fol. 2957. " The author of the Botanical Register, under tab. 1290, seems to be of opinion that the name Ceratochilus ought to have the preference to that of Stanhopea. But in this he is quite mistaken. Common justice requires me to state, that no character whatever has been given of the former genus, nor any peculiarities mentioned or figured as belonging to it, which could possibly enable me to distinguish it from other Orchideous genera. (See Loddiges's Rot. Cab. f. 1414.) In short, it is only a MS. name of Mr. Lindley. Had it been otherwise, or had there been any means of identifying Stanhopea with Ceratochilus, I would most cheerfully have acknow- ledged its prior claims." We have too much respect for our friend Hooker to make any ill-natured remarks upon this singular paragraph, much less do we wish to involve either him or ourselves in a dispute about a paltry name. We only regret to see any naturalist of reputation, more especially one for whom we have so much sincere regard, appearing to lend his authority and countenance to alterations in nomen- clature, of which he must disapprove as much as we do. With regard to the point at issue, we have to say, that Mr. Loddiges's figure in the Botanical Cabinet is sufficient to enable any one conversant with Orchideous plants to recognise the genus; that, even if this were not the case, the name of Ceratochilus has never- theless a right to be adopted;* and that it passes our comprehension how that can be a MS. name which was pubhshed many months ago. If Dr. Hooker will look into the Memoirs of the Natural History Society of Paris, he will see what the opinion of the French Botanists is of his similar change of M. Bojer's MS. name of Joliffia africana into Telfairia pedata. * Nomina generica, quamdiu synonyma digna in promptu sunt, nova non effingenda. — Phil. Bot. 244. 1301 BIGNONIA* Cherere. The Cherere Bignonia. DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA. Nat. ord. BiGNO>riACE/E. BIGNONIA. — Supra, vol. 3. fol. 249. B. Cherere ; foliis ternatis binatisque cirrhiferis glabriusculis, foliolis sub- cordato-oblongis, racemis terminalibus axillaribusqiie subpaniculatis, calycibus velutinis, corollis tomentosis, ramis angulatis. B. Cherere. Aubl. Guian. vol. 3. p. 647. tab. 260. Lam, encycl. 1. 415. B. heterophylla. Willd. sp. pi. 3. 298. Pers. syn. 2. 171. Spreng. syst. 2.831. Frutex alte scandens, ramis glabris angulatis. Foliola ternata v. binata, foliolo altero in cirrhum rnutato, subcordata, oblonga, cuspidata, pellttcido- punctata, suhfils petiolisque pilosiuscidis. Racemi in spontaned axillares, in cultu terminales, nunc paniculati, multifiori, pedicellis pubescentibus ; bractece deciduce. Calyx campanulatus, truncatus, velntinus, 5-dentatus. Corolla 2| uncias longa, tomentosa, tnbo leviter arcnato, limbo b-partito, laciniis oblongis, emarginutis, subcpqualibus. Stamina exserta ; filamenta leviter pubescenfia ; antherse sagittattje, lobis divaricatis linearibiis, connectivo mucronato. For this beautiful species we are indebted to the Right Honourable the Earl of Grenville, from whose Conservatory at Dropmore it was forwarded by Mr. William Baillie, the Gardener, in July last. It is a native of French Guiana, where it was discovered by Aublet. The natives of that country manufacture the flexible shoots of it and B. in- carnata into baskets and broad-brimmed hats, which act as umbrellas, keeping off both the sun and the rain ; they also use the shoots as cord. * In memory of the Abbe Jean Paul Bignon, the librarian of the King of France, born in 1G62, died in 1743; the friend of Tournefort, who dedicated this genus to him. Cherere (pronounced kerere) is the name given to the plants by the natives of French Guiana. It was named B. Cherere by its discoverer, and was republished under that name by Lamarck in the French EncyclopcEcUa. Willdenow, who had never seen the plant, and who, in fact, knew nothing about it beyond what he learned from its previous describers, thought proper, m that abominable spirit of change which characterised the school to which he belonged, to alter the name to hetero- phylla. It is surprising that naturalists cannot see the evil to which these arbitrary and useless interferences with nomenclature give rise. A conservatory climber, pre-eminently beautiful among the lovely race to which it belongs. Propagated readily by cuttings, and requiring no particular management beyond that of giving it plenty of room to run. A climbing shrub, with smooth, angular shoots. Leaflets ternate or binate (one of the leaflets being converted into a tendril), somewhat cordate, oblong, cuspidate, with pel- lucid dots, slightly hairy beneath and on the petioles. Racemes axillary in the wild plant, terminal in the culti- vated one, sometimes panicled and many-flowered ; pedicels pubescent, bractece deciduous. Calyx campanulate, trun- cate, velvety, 5-toothed. Corolla 2i inches long, dov^^-ny, the tube slightly curved, the limb 5-parted ; the segments oblong, emarginate, nearly equal. Stamens protruded ; filaments slightly pubescent ; anthers sagittate, the lobes divaricate and linear, the connectivum mucronate. J. L. /30Z. aia/i^.c^. '^.iMa^iZ^ ^< 1302 HEUCHERA* micrantha. Small-flowered Heuchera. PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA Nat. ord. Saxifrages. HEUCHERAh. — CaZz/a:5-dentatus,subinsequalis. PetalaS. StaminaS, sepalis opposita. Capsula birostris, bilocularis, polysperma. H. micrantha ; foliis subrotundis cordatis acut6 crenatis subquinquelobis petiolis longis caulisque basi sparse villosis ; caulinis incisis, panicula coarctata, petalis lineari-lanceolatis integerrimis, staminibus exsertis. H. micrantha. Douglas in colloquio. Herba perennis, sempervirens, acaulis, ccespitosa. Folia subrotundo- cordata, acute crenata, subquinqueloha, magis minusve pilosa, longe peti- olata ; petiolis villosis ; caulina triloba, incisa. Caulis erectus, sesquipedalis, basi suhpilosus, sursiim minutissime glandulosus, ut et inflorescentia omnis. Panicula laxa, elongata. Bracteolse subulatce. Calyx obconicus, semi- superus, 5-dentatns, paululilm obliquus. Petala minuta, lineari-lanceolata, unguiculata, integerrima. Stamina 5, exserta, dentibus calycinis opposita. A hardy perennial, found by Mr. Douglas in mountainous woods, near the grand Rapids of the Columbia. With us it flowers in June and July, and propagates readily by division of the roots. Its general habit is quite that of H. americana. Willdenow, in his papers, has an H. glabra, from the North-west coast of North America, the brief character of which in Romer afid Schultes (6. 216) answers to this in some respects ; but the name is inapplicable if that Botanist intended to contrast it with H. americana; and it is * John Henry Heucher is described as a painstaking professor of Botany at WittenlDerg, in the early part of the eighteenth century. He fancied that the tumours on the roots of Hypochaeris maculata were so like little mice, that he had found an animal-vegetable analogous to the Barometz or Scythian lamb. probably something else. We have, however, nothing more like it from Mr. Douglas. The Mitella pentandra of the Botanical Magazine is rightly determined by M. Decandolle to be a distinct genus, to which he has given the appropriate name of Drum- mondia, in compliment to one of the best collectors and most deserving individuals of the age. A perennial, stemless, evergreen, cespitose, herbaceous plant. Ze^ve^ roundish-cordate, acutely crenate, somewhat 5-lobed, more or less hairy, on long footstalks ; petioles villous ; stem-leaves 3-lobed, cut. Stem erect, a foot and a half high, somewhat hairy at the base, above minutely glandular, as are all parts of the inflorescence. Panicle loose, elongated. Bracteolce subulate. Calyx inversely conical, half superior, 5-toothed, slightly oblique. Petals minute, linear-lanceolate, unguiculate, entire. Stamens 5, exserted, opposite the teeth of the calyx. J. L. l3(/3. /■qu/iMj /6g S^^^a^)ii^Jls^:l^&->^ J'U^^^ 1303 POLEMONIUM* cseruleum ; var. piliferum. Common Greek Valerian ; hairy variety. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. ord. Polemoniace^e. POLEMONIUM. — Suprd, vol. 6. fol. 460. P. caeruleuyn ; foliis pinnatis, floribus erectis, calycibus corollse tubo longiori- bus. R'dmer et Sc/mltes, 4. 364. P. caeruleum. Linncevs and others. Var. piliferum ; caule suberecto foliis radicalibus vix longiore, calycibus villosis. This plant was raised in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, from seeds collected in the last Arctic Expe- dition, and presented to the Society by Dr. Richardson. Our motive for figuring it is for the sake of recording the differences which exist between it and the common P. caeruleum of Europe, but which appear insufficient to distinguish it as a species. In the first place, its habit is very different : instead of an erect stem rising high above the radical leaves, we have a plant with a half-recumbent stem, scarcely exceed- ing the radical leaves ; instead of a short, dense pubescence upon the calyx, we have numerous long loose hairs, which are well represented in the plate : but with this peculiarity of habit, and slight difference in the calyx, the distinction * What that plant may have been which was of such importance as to cause a feud between two kings, each of whom claimed the merit of its discovery, and which finally was named, in commemoration of the struggle, ■reM/^miov, or the War-causing, we know not. Sprengel considers the plant of Dioscorides to be the same as the modern Polemonium caeruleum ; but if so, this classical war, like many of a more modern date, was for a very worthless object. ceases ; and even these become difficult to seize when the plant is dried. Possibly in its native place it was a tran- sition from the ordinary form of Pol. caeruleum to that singular state of the same species called P. caeruleum var. nanum by Dr. Hooker, in his account of Captain Sabine's Spitzbergen plants ; and when cultivated, it was reverting, even in the first generation, towards the stock from which it originally sprung. The meagre definitions of P. caeruleum in books are wholly insufficient to point out that common species to a person unacquainted with it. We have not, however, attempted to improve them, because the whole genus and order are in a miserable state of confusion ; and it is not worth while beginning to reform them, without completing the task, — for which we have neither leisure nor materials. It appears to us that, exclusively of habit, the great distinc- tion of P. caeruleum consists in the number and form of its leaflets, and in the figure of the calyx, rather than in any thing else. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society in August last year. It represents the leaves with their leaflets broader and shorter than they usually are, the specimen having been taken from among the outermost of the radical leaves : the greater part of the foliage difl"ers in no respect from that of Pol. caeruleum. A hardy biennial, propagated by seeds. J. L. /J^, '^■ca!aaiii^5i^yy6i!^ 1304 POLEMONIUM* hiimile. Humble Greek Valerian. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Nat. Old. PoLEMONIACE^. POLEMONIUM. — Supra, vol. 6. fol. 460. P. hwmile ; foliis pinnatis, petalis obtusis, staminibus sagittatis. Willd. MSS. ex Rijmer et Schulfes, 4. 792. Herba prostrata, foliis pinnatis subpubescentibus, foliolis 17-25, ovato- subrotundis, subalternis. Caules leviter pubescentes. Flores erecti v. leviter nutantes. Peclicelli suhpubescentes. Calyx campanulatus, subpubescens, quinqiiefidus, tubo corolla'. subcBqualis. Corolla glabra, lobis rotundatis, patentibus. Stamina c squamis pubescentibus exorta. Anthei-se ovat(E, basi obtuse sagittatce. Raised with the preceding, and from the same collec- tion of seeds; it flowers at the same time, and appears to be perennial ; but of this latter point we cannot judge with accuracy until another season. The only place in which we find it described is in the Supplement to the fourth volume of Romer and Schultes' Species Plantarum, where it is inserted with a definition which, as far as it is intelligible (for what are stamhia sagittata?), applies as well to P. caeruleum, or mexicanum, or reptans, but with a good description, made from a spe- cimen of Pallas, collected in Eastern Siberia. Hence the species appears, like many other Siberian plants, to be common to both sides of the Northern Pacific; for the space between the part of Eastern America, where it must have been found by Dr. Richardson's party, is filled up by the discovery of it on the western side of America by Mr. Douglas, in whose herbarium it is called P. gracile. * See fol. 1303. It appears to be affected very much in pubescence by situation and soil ; the garden plant was H foot high, with stems as thick as a goose-quill ; Mr. Douglas's specimens are chiefly about half the size, much more slender, covered with far more numerous flowers, and not diflering in degree of pubescence from the garden plant : but we have from his collection a specimen not more than six inches high, the stems and calyxes of which are densely pubescent, or even villous. This last probably connects the species, as represented in the accompanying plate, with Dr. Graham's Pol. Richardsonii ; unless that plant should be really dis- tinct from P. humile, which Dr. Hooker, in publishing it, seems to doubt, and which we think improbable. We are, however, persuaded that the little plant with fine blue flowers, found by Captain Sabine on the east coast of Greenland, was rightly referred by Dr. Hooker in the first instance to Pol. caeruleum, and is not a state of this species, as the latter skilful Botanist subsequently felt inclined to suppose. See Botanical Magazine, t. 2800. Our drawing was made in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society in August last. It should be cultivated in poor, gravelly soil, which is not dry : under such manage- ment it becomes much more beautiful than if grown in rich garden soil. J. L. 1JU. 11 JzSa,^ i)4i^- ■-'■/ii^' ^ J C/'U^,^-),z^a^ .''iS'Q S7-iasa^ix!*t^- ^^i^-/ -/AJO ■ 1305 COTONEA^TER* laxifldra. Loose-clustered Cotoneaster. ICOSANDRIA DI.TRIGYNIA. Nat. ord. Pomaces. COTONEASTER. — Supn-i, vol. 13. foL 1114. § Folia decidua. C. laxiflora ; cymis paniculatis pilosis, foliis oblongis utrinque obtusis subtiis lanatis deciduis. C. laxiflora. Jacq. fil. in litteris. Lindley, supra, fol. 1229. Rami fusco purpurei, epidermide cinered deglubente. Folia oblonga, V. ovata, obtusa, supra glabra, subtus albo lanata. Pedicelli, oculo armato, pilis tenuissimis raris deciduis vestiti. Calyces glaberrimi. A hardy shrub, raised in the Garden of the Horticul- tural Society, from seeds sent by Professor Jacquin, under the name which is adopted. We have not been able to trace it in any work upon the European Flora, and are unacquainted with its native place. Flowers in April. Our drawing was made last year in the Garden of the Horticultural Society. Branches brownish purple, with an ash-coloured cuticle, which peels off. Leaves oblong or ovate, obtuse, smooth above, white with down beneath. Pedicels, if viewed with a lens, seen to be covered with very thin, deciduous, silky hairs. Caliixes quite smooth. J. L. * See fol. 1187. 'm' New York Botanical Garden Librai 3 5185 00260 3593