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Author:

Title: Elevations of major floods along Pennsylvania rivers

Place of Publication: Harrisburg, Pa.

Copyright Date: 1942

Master Negative Storage Number: MNS# PSt SNPaAg084.6

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master) 245 00 Elevations of major floods along Pennsylvania rivers $cprepared in

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COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF FORESTS AND WATERS

G. ALBERT STEWART, St'cietary CHARLES E. RYDER. Chief Engineer

ELEVATIONS OF MAJOR FLOODS

ALONG PENNSYLVANIA RIVERS

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Prepared iw CooperatJO!i With the United States Geological Survey

John W. Mangan

nistrict Engineer

Harrisbutg;, Peiiiisylvania

1942

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CONTENTS

Page Introduction 5-6

Source of Data. 4 6-7

Elevations of Vajor Floods

Delaware River Basin

Delaware River 9-11

Lackawaxen R1 ver 12

Leln1t?-h River K-^M

Schuylkill River 15

Susquehanna River Basin

North Branch of Susquehanna River 17

Susquehanna River 18

Lackawanna River 19

West Branch of Su.^quehanna River 20

Juniata Rlivcr an>l tributaries 21

Ohio River Basin

Allegheny River 23

Ohio River 24

Kisklminltas River and tributaries 25

Mononp;ahela River 26

Youphlop-heny River 27

Beaver <'md ShencUigo iUvers 28

Q r- rr. o :•; i-

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i

ELEVATIONS OF MAJOR FLOODS

ALONG PENNSYLVANIA RIVERS

There Is no factor In the study of floods that is of more impor- tance than the ei^ atlon or altitude which the water surface attained. It Is a direct index to the extent of damage and, except where affected by backwater from Ice or discharge from a tributary stream, It Is an essential factor In the determination of discharge at various places in

a river.

For several years the Pennsylvania Department of Forests and Waters and the United States Geological Survey have been collecting records of flood elevations alonp Pennsylvania rivers. These records, supplement- ed by authentic data supplied by other agencies, are given In the accompanying tables.

It should be borne In mind that there Is always some doubt as to the accuracy of the ear]y flood helcrhts. In later years, particularly since the turn of the century, gages were established on most of our Imiportant rivers where dally readings were obtained with more frequent observations at times of floods. Today, all principal river stations are equipped with water-stage recorders that furnish continuous records of river heights and eliminate all uncertainty and questionable ac- curacy. .

From the greater nimiber of flood heights listed for tlie more re- cent years, orie might mistakenly Infer that floods have been Increasing in number if not In magnitude, particularly since the latter part of the 19th century. There Is no evidence that floods occurred less frequently In the ec'trller part of the period covered by the record. A more logical

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explanation of the predominance of records In recent years Is that, In the earlier period, the frreatest floods made a more lasting Impression and consequently the records have been preserved; whereas those of less- er sla:nlflcance were lost In the Intervening; years.

River distances In miles are given in the tables for all locations Ir. order that crest elevations may be Interpolated for Intervening points. Flood profiles may also be developed from the data If desired.

Tlie crest heights are shown as elevations In feet above mean sea ■^evel, naridy lk)ok Datum. The elevations are based on the latest In- formation available as to the results of adjustments to the precise level nets. All elevations in any on« column wpre takpn cm the same structure or group of structures.

At locations where river rages have been maintained, the zero of the gage and the flood stage are given where this Information is known.

Flood-height tables for the floods of March 1936 covering all major streams in the Pusquehanna and Ohio River Basins are given Ir. far more detail in tl^e special state publication, "The Floods of March 1936 in Pennsylvania." Tlie United i^tates Engineer Offices have also develop- ed flood profiles of some of the major floods in their respective dis- tricts.

SOURCES OF DATA

nie Water Supply Commission of Pennsylvania made an exhaustive study of historic floods In Pennsylvania and published the results of their work In Part VIII of the Water Resources Inventory Report in 1914. Many of the flood heights of the earlier floods given In that publica- tion were converted into elevations above mean sea level for use in

this report.

It has been the custom of many people living In areas periodically Inundated by floods to carefully mark the crest heights at locations where the crests of previous floods were identified. After the disas- trous floods of March 1936, this office collected data for the develop-

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4

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ment of elaborate profiles of this flood. At that time, the crest heights of previous floods that have been carefully preserved were obtained. Many of the tabulated elevations were derived from these sources.

The United States Engineer Offices of Baltimore, Philadelphia, Wllkes-Barre, and Pittsburgh, and the United States Weather Bureau have aided the United States Geological Survey and the Pennsylvania Depart- ment of Forests and Waters In the preparation of the tabulations by furnishing many flood elevations obtained in their respective districts.

There is doubtless considerably more information on flood eleva- tions In possession of other federal, state, municipal, and private agencies. As fauch data are made known and authenticated, they may very desirably be Included In future revisions of this compilation.

July 1942

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ELEVATIONS OF MAJOR FLOODS DELAWARE RIVER BASIN

Lackftwaxen River Dyberry Creek

Miles from Mouth	Location	March 1936	Sept. 1938	May 1942
	Lackavmxen River
0.0	Mouth; Junction with Delaware River
4.2	Rowlands; highway bridge			695.5
13.4	p. p. & L. Co.; hydro-electric plant	828.8	824.4	841.2
16.0	Rowley; recorder gage	882.6	876.6	888.9
16.2	Hflwley; highway bridge; Welwood St.	887.8		893.2
16. V	Mouth of Middle Creek			900.5
17.2	... ^ ^ . .-i — ni^^^^AAQ Bridse	900.8	B9R.0 1	907.9	1
20.7	'Ahlta Mills; highway bridge			932.1
24.59	Mouth of Carley Brook	960.2	956.4
25.10	Honesdale; Florence Mills	964.6		972.3
25,35	Honesdale; Fourth St.	970.0	965.4	974.8	,
25.52	Honeadale; Sixth St.	970.8	966.0	977.6
25.63	Honepdfile; Eighth St.	972.3	968. b	979.4	<4'
25.78	Honesdale; Court House	972.5		979.6
25.95	Junction with Dyberry Creek
26.08	Honesdale; Court St. footbridge	977.4	974.0 1	982.7
26.19	Hone sdB ie ; Mn in St ,			984.3
26.46	Honesdale; School	982.6		988.1
26.95	Honesdale; Clark St.	994.4	990.9	999.8
27 .25		1,003.9		1,007.8
	Dyberry Creek
n.OO	Junction with Lackawaxen River
.04	Hort^sdple; highway bri dge	977.1	971.4	984.1
.31	Honesdale; Fifteenth St.	978.4		984.5
.58	Honesdale; Eighteenth St.	978.6	974.1	985.2
.73	Honesdale; Stanton St.	979.6		985.8
.88	PenriR. Dept . of Highways abed	979.5	974.7	985.9	'
1.83	■			986.6
2.08	Highway bridge	979.5	975.0	986.8

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Location

1,'arch 1940 (feet)

l^outh

Duryea, Stevenson St. Bridge (D.S.)

Old Forge (gage); 150 feet above D.L.W.R.R. bridge

V.ooslc (gage); River St. Bridge

Scranton; Carbon (Olive) St. Bridge; Old U.S.W.B.gage

Scranton; Mbri ffht St. Bridge; newU.SJ.V.B. gage

Olyphant (gage); V/est Lackawanna Street Bridge

Ai-cuoMla (gage), ^.alf "ilo above mouth of White Oak Run

Carbondala; D 5c H R.R. Station

Forest City (gage); 4.8 miles above mouth of Elk Creek

Forest City (gage); dam of Scranton-Sprlng Brook 'Vater Co.

606.94

694.75 766.61

arte kt

1,429.02

Note.- Flood of I'erch 1936 reached an elevation of 765.31 feet at Olyphant.

^:ay 1942 (feet)

565.21 610.79

632.06 693.05

69V. 35 768.38

PQQ Q7

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