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AMERICANA

VOL, VI BROOKLYN, JANUARY, 1990. Wen

ANNUAL ADDRESS OF JAMES FLETCHER, PRESI-
DENT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL CLUB
OF THE A. A. A. S. 1889.*

GENTLEMEN :—Another year has rolled by since we held our
last pleasant meeting in the city of Cleveland. It is with much
pleasure that I recognize here to-day the faces of several of those
who helped to make that meeting so successful, and, as gratitude
has been satirically described as ‘‘a keen appreciation of further
favors to come,”’ I feel grateful to such of you for being present at
this meeting, the success of which, to a certain extent, your pres-
ence assures, but for which I, as presiding officer, shall be held
largely responsible. With the help of our Secretary I have endeav-
ored to arrange the papers to be read, so as to save as much time
as possible, and at the same time to make the most of the papers.
It is a time-honored custom that the President should give an ad-
dress at the opening of the Annual Session, I therefore bow to the
decree of fate, and shall endeavor for a short time to lay before you
some subjects which it has occurred to me are worthy of consid-
eration by the members of the Club. _ Inaugural addresses generally
take the form either of a prospective or retrospective view of the
matters with which the Society, before which they are delivered,
particularly concerns itself, or on the other hand, they are devoted
to the elaboration of some one special subject. I purpose following
the former of these courses to-day, and shall briefly remind you of

* See Ento. Amer. v, p. 201.

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA. Vol. VI. I JANUARY, 1890.

—_2—

some of the most remarkable occurrences affecting entomologists,
which have taken place during the period that has elapsed since we
last met, and I shall also endeavor to direct your attention to one
special matter connected with the future of the science, which, it
seems to me, can be discussed to advantage during the present
meeting.

When last year you conferred upon me, what I felt was the
too great honor of electing me, the first Canadian, to fill the chair
of the Entomological Club, I accepted that position as tendered to
the President of the Entomological Society of Ontario in recogni-
tion of. the good work that has been done by that Society, which I,
on that occasion, together with Dr. Bethune, had the honor of
representing as delegate.

The chief attacks by insects upon cultivated crops which have
demanded the attention of entomologists during the past season,
are the following : In all parts of Canada and the United States the
noctuid larvae known under the name of ‘‘ Cutworms,’’ were ex-
tremely abundant in the spring. In the maritime provinces of New
Brunswick and Nova Scotia, as well as Quebec, the Tent Caterpillars
did much injury to orchard and forest trees. In central Ontario
Meromyza americana was unusually abundant, but it was also ac-
companied by its parasite, Calinius meromyze. Not only were
certain kinds of wheat and barley severely attacked, but also a single
instance of the attack on oats was observed, and I made the further
unpleasant discovery that the species bred freely in various wild
grasses, chiefly of the genera Agropyrum, Deschampsia, Elymus
and Poa. Upon the experimental grass patches of the Experimental
Farm at Ottawa, the species of Agropyrum and Elymus, and Poa
serotina were the grasses most attacked, while only a single instance
of injury to Sefaria viridis was noticed. An interesting point was,
that while Poa serotina was so severely injured, Poa pratensis, Poa
cesta and Poa compressa were almost exempt. The species of AZy-
mus and Deschampsia were attacked in the young shoots close to
the root, but the others mentioned in the top joint of the flowering
stems, by which the appearance known as ‘‘Silvertop’’ was pro-
duced. The name ‘‘Silvertop’’ is also applied to the results of the
ravages of Phleothrips poaphagus, which is now becoming a ‘“‘ first-
class pest’? in many parts of Canada. The grasses which suffer
most from this insect are, early in June, Poa pratensis, and later in
the month, Phleum pratense. A much more serious matter, how-
ever, was a new injury to oats by a species of Zhrzps, which has

aa

been found to be undescribed. This insect attacks the flowers of
oats just before they leave the sheath, in consequence of which they
turn white and die.

_ An outbreak which may prove to be one of great importance is
the appearance, during the past summer, in one of our Canadian
towns, of large numbers of the European flour moth (£phestia
kuhniella). Radical measures have, however, been taken by the
provincial government for its suppression, and I trust that it may be
stamped out before it spreads to. other centres of the milling industry.

In the United States the attacks of most interest were the fol-
lowing: The appearance, in very large numbers, of Szphonophora
avene in Michigan, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, drew forth many
“notices in the public press. Perhaps next in importance was the
outbreak of an imported fly of the genus HYemotobia, which has
increased so as to become a serious pest to cattle. It has occurred
in injurious numbers in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Mary-
land and Virginia. Its life history has been studied by the ento-
mologists of Washington, and Prof. J. B. Smith, in New Jersey.
The salient points are already discovered, and successful remedies
have been made known. The Army Worm (ZL. unzpuncta) has
done restricted damage in Indiana, and has also occurred in Florida.
Brood VIII of Cicada septendecim has appeared in Massachusetts,
Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Ken-
tucky, Maryland, north Virginia and North Carolina. The Chinch-
bug (Biissus leucopterus) has been abundant in Missouri during the
past summer, and the Hop Aphis (Phorodon humulz) is reported as
more abundant in New York this summer than it has been since
1886. Attacus cecropia has been remarkably abundant in the tree
planted regions of the West and Northwestern States.

The Cotton Worm and Boll Worm have been very abundant
and injurious in the cotton-fields of the South. Trees and shrubs
of all kinds, both in the United States and Canada, have suffered
much by the attacks of various leaf-hoppers. These attacks will
doubtless all be dealt with by the United States entomologist, or the
State entomologists in their reports, so I shall not now speak of
them at greater length than I have done, but will beg you to give
me your special attention while I speak to you upon a subject which
appears to me to be, at the present time, one of very great impor-
tance. It has lately been brought prominently before the entomo-
logical world in the pages of ‘‘Insect Life.’’ This is no less than
the organization of the active, working, economic entomologists of
North America into a permanent association or union, so that an

os Al

opportunity may be afforded to those students who are specially
engaged in the practical application of the science of meeting peri-
odically to discuss new discoveries and to exchange experiences as
to the best methods of work. The value of such an association
cannot, I believe, be overestimated. The recognition which, during
the past decade, has been accorded to Entomology as a branch of
Practical Agriculture, makes it important that as little time as pos-
sible should be wasted upon unnecessary reduplication of experi-
ments, and also on the other hand that successful methods of com-
bating injurious insects should be made known as widely and quickly
as possible.

A small number of the States of the Union had employed their
State entomologists for some years past, and Canada her’s since
1884. All of these officers had striven hard to do good and useful
work in the vast field which lay before them. Recently, however,
a great impulse has been given to practical science in all lines by the
very important ‘‘ Hatch Experiment Station Act,’’ which was passed
by Congress in 1888. This Act provides that a sum of $15,000
should be annually set aside for the purpose of carrying on scientific
agricultural experiments in every State of the Union. In conse-
quence of this Act there have already been organized Experimental
Stations, twenty-seven of which have entomologists on their staffs,
and these officers have already issued much valuable practical in-
formation in the shape of bulletins to the farmers of their respective
States. The operation of injurious insects are such an important
factor in the success or failure of all crops grown, and the recogni-
tion of that fact is now becoming so wide-spread amongst the edu-
cated agricultural classes, that before long it is beyond question that
the directors of the other Stations will see the advisability of adding
an entomologist to their staff. The result of this will be that we
shall have in North America a large number of men specially
trained for the work they have undertaken, with sufficient time and
means at their disposal for carrying out any experiments which may
be necessary. Surely, under such circumstances important results
must follow. They all have the same object in view—the discovery,
as soon as possible, of practical—that is, efficient, simple and cheap
—remedies for the various injurious insects which destroy produce.
The work of all these students will, of course, have to be carried on
independently, in widely separated localities, and a fact which will
give special value to their labors will be, that similar experiments
will be carried out carefully and scientifically under differing circum-
stances and with varying climatic conditions.

ay

maa aad

Such an opportunity for showing the value of Science has never
before occurred, and it is incumbent upon the men who accept these
positions to recognize also the responsibility of their offices. I
would suggest that not only is extreme care necessary in the carry-
ing out of our experiments as official entomologists, but also great
thought must be given to the best means of publishing and making
known results. Above all things is it necessary to gain the confi-
dence of those for whom we write. The editors of agricultural
papers are frequently enquiring for articles upon Economic Ento-
mology, but they always say they must be simply expressed, or
they are useless to them because their readers will not read them.
Even amongst highly educated, and even cultivated people, you
find many to whom the very word ‘‘science’’ is a bug-bear, and
much more is this the case with the large class of agriculturists. A
class which, although it does contain many men of education and
culture, of course consists mainly of men who have not had the
time nor opportunity to avail themselves of educational advantages.
They are, however, as a class, men who spend their lives away from
the distractions, largely frivolous, of city life, and, as a consequence,
develop a faculty for observation, thought and practical application,
which would indeed be a boon to many an aspirant to scientific
fame. Writings upon agricultural entomology should be, I think,
couched in the simplest ianguage possible; the articles should be
shorteand concise, without too much detail of the life-history of the
insects discussed. Prominence should be given to the nature of the
attack, so that it may be recognized; the essential points of the
life-history of the insect, so that its habits may be understood and
missing links filled in; and above all the best remedy, under exist-
ing local circumstance ; and lastly a statement of such information
with regard to the pest as may be lacking.

During a somewhat extensive intercourse with farmers I have
always found them anxious to learn anything about injurious insects
and the means of combating them. As a general thing they are
willing to: devote both time and labor to any experiments suggested
if there is only a chance of success, but they complain that frequently
writings which are professedly written expressly for them are unin-
telligible, that there is too much detail concerning the life-history,
or that even under remedies there is frequently a long string given
without comment, some of which are good and some useless. Now
this is, to a certain extent, true, and is due, I think, to two causes—
either, as stated in ‘‘Insect Life,’’ that ‘‘ Economic Entomology
has heretofore greatly suffered by the writings and pretensions of

reels

those who have no sort of appreciation of its real value and impor-
tance, but who, writing at second-hand upon subjects of which they
have no personal knowledge whatever, are just as apt to disseminate
error as truth,’’ or perhaps to the fact that some entomologists have
tried to cover too much ground, and while professedly writing arti-
cles for the good of a class which it is assumed has no knowledge
of scientific terms ; at the same time they endeavor to maintain their
scientific status and secure the credit of priority in description or
discovery. I would venture the opinion that it is impossible to
combine these two causes advantageously, and that the scientific
details and necessary descriptions and discussion of theories would
find a more appropriate place in the scientific periodicals and trans-
actions of societies devoted to the subject, whilst the results, the
practical application of our work for the good of the country should
be published where, and in the manner, it can do most good. It
will be seen in this way that I give the highest place of honor to
Economic Entomology, and this I really believe to be a proper
arrangement. The systematic classification of orders and genera,
and the arrangement of large collections so as to understand the
proper relationships which exist, are matters of engrossing interest,
but the intelligent application of this knowledge for the benefit of
mankind at large, draws such vast consequences in its wake that it
demands the closest attention of entomologists. So great, however,
is the field of Entomology that it cannot possibly be covered by any
one individual, and the work of specialists in every department is
necessary. Owing to the institution of the various Experiment
Stations in the United States with their several entomologists,
doubtless the attention of many will now be turned to Entomology
who otherwise would not have thought of it, and also so many men
entering enthusiastically upon the field at the same time to do orig-
inal work will certainly have the effect before long of producing
eminent and useful public officers, I therefore make a special appeal
to you to consider now whether a union which would be the means
of bringing together at least once a year all those working specially
in Economic Entomology would not be a useful institution. Some
of the official entomologists have been well trained in Economic
Entomology, whilst others are young men fresh from college, and
with only a general knowledge of the subject. To these latter, of
course, by far the greatest advantage would accrue; there is such
an infinity of small things and so many doubts, which a word from
one of greater experience can settle, that the meeting once a year
where questions of economic interest alone would be discussed,

Si

would be, I believe, an inestimable boon to all of us. And from
the favor with which this suggestion has been received by many of
the fathers of Economic Entomology, I believe that even they would
reap sufficient benefit from the experience of others to well repay
them for any time they might devote these meetings for the encour-
agement of others and for the good of the cause. Without going
into too great detail I will mention one or two of the advantages
which have occurred to me in connection with such an organization.
First of all it will give opportunities for a large body of earnest
workers in the same field and with the same interests, to become ac-
quainted with each other, and this I consider a point of great im-
portance. I regret to say that it cannot be denied that there is some-
times evidence of unkindly feeling towards fellow students in scientific
writing. The social intercourse which would be engendered by the
union would do much to put an end to this. Many small matters
which might offend or hurt, can be overlooked, or as we say, ‘‘un-
derstood’ when we know the man from whom they emanate, and I
presume my experience of life cannot have been very widely different
from that of other people when I have found far more to like than to
dislike in everyone when you come to know them. Well, this union
will allow us to know each other. It will give us an opportunity for
systematic work. Problems frequently arise of paramount impor-
tance. By this means it will be possible to delegate certain parts of
any special investigation to such students as may have special oppor-
tunities therefor.

Above all, the union will be an advisory board either for dis-
cussing matters of great interest to ourselves or for the advice of the
legislature upon occasion of any serious invasion or threatened visi-
tation by insect enemies ; thus while we are united we shall do far
better scientific work ; we shall uphold better the dignity of our
offices ; we shall gain the confidence of the public, and of the gov-
ernment, and we shall be bound together in a solid union for our own
good and that of the country at large.

Although I have taken the liberty of bringing this matter before
you now, and ask you to express an opinion upon it at once, as you
are all aware it is no new idea sprung upon the meeting unawares.
As I have mentioned, notices have appeared in “Insect Life’’ sug-
gesting the matter, and I have myself distributed, to every one who
I thought would be interested, a circular notifying them that I pro-
posed bringing the matter up for discussion.

The movement seems to have originated with the very eminent
United States Entomologist, Prof. C. V. Riley, who has done so

suet Sass

much by his writings and successful experiments to raise Economic
Entomology to the honorable position it now enjoys in the apprecia-
tion of intelligent people of all classes.

And now gentlemen allow me to thank you for the great honor
you conferred upon me when you elected me to preside over you
during the past year and at this meeting. I hope, sincerely, that the
Entomological Club of the American Association may continue to
prosper and be the means of bringing us all together at least once a
year, like the members of a large and attached, but widely scattered
family who rejoice when, on such festivals as Christmas, New Year,
or Thanksgiving Days, an excuse or opportunity is given for a social
reunion, where we may discuss with each other in a friendly manner
matters of general interest. I trust that during the present meeting
the deliberations may be carried on in the same spirit of kindness
and forbearance which have always characterized previous meetings,
and in conclusion I hope that we all may long be spared to meet
annually and derive from each other the benefits of scientific discus-
sion and enjoy the social pleasures of mutual intercourse.

JAMES FLETCHER.

LARVA OF SEIRARCTIA ECHO.
BY ANNIE TRUMBULL SLOSSON.

I have received the following very interesting letter from Mr. A.
J. Brink, of Ormond, Fla. Mr. Brink is an intelligent and reliable
observer, and what he writes seems to confirm the statements made
to me by many persons concerning the larve of .S. echo and their
habit of invariably travelling in a northerly direction :

‘During the last week in April I saw quite a novel sight. I
was driving on the beach with a friend when, about six miles from
Ormond, we saw in the distance a dark line drawn from the bluff to
the water’s edge. Beyond it, as far as the eye could distinguish, the
beach was covered with some dark substance. Upon approaching
it we discovered that the sand was literally alive with the larvee of
the Echo moth. What seemed to us very peculiar was the well-
defined line running at right angles to the bluff and reaching to the
water. Between us and that line not a caterpillar was to be seen,
while beyond it were countless thousands hurrying along in the same
direction toward some unknown destination. The beach at this
point is about three hundred feet wide, and for more than two miles
we drove through them. I know I do not exaggerate when I say

— Ona

that there were at least six caterpillars in every square foot for the
entire distance. Leaving my team I climbed the ridge to learn, if
possible, why they were thus congregating on a spot so entirely de-
void of vegetation. I saw at once that their well known habit of
travelling in a northerly direction was getting them into trouble.
The beach at this point bears considerably west of north, and the
caterpillars on reaching the edge of the bluff would roll down to the
beach, from whence it was impossible to return. Even here they
turned neither to the right or left, but persistently crawled on to the
water’s edge, where each receding wave would carry out dozens,
only to bring them back dead and pile them up in ridges on the
beach. In places these ridges of dead caterpillars would be fully
four inches high. After driving two miles or more we found the
beach suddenly clear of them, the line here being as well defined as
on the south side, where we first approached them. While watching
them I went inland seventy-five feet or more into the palmetto scrub.
Here they were not nearly as thick, but there were a great many on
the ground, and all travelling in the same direction.”’

SYNOPSES OF CERAMBYCID&.

BY CHARLES W. LENG, B.'S:

(Continued from p. 44, vol. iii)

AGALLISSINI.
The characters of this tribe are stated in Bull. Br. Ent. Soc. vii,
p. 114, and are fully discussed in the “‘ Classification’’ p. 306. It
contains only two species, both very rare in collections, viz. :

Agallissus gratus Lec.
Length 19 mm. = .75 inches. Aadztfat_—Texas.

Shining black, sparsely punctured, with the elytra narrowed
behind, truncate and finely serrate at tip, ornamented with yellow
spots, of which the basal pair are elongate. Front quadrate, ob-
lique ; prothorax rounded on the sides ; sutural spine of elytra mod-
erately prominent. Antenne slender, shorter than the body in both
SeXeS.

Zagymuus clerinus Lec., S. M. C. No. 264, p. 203.
Length 13 mm. = .52 inches. Hadzta¢.—Florida.

Opaque black, very coarsely and deeply punctured with the
elytra parallel on the sides, rounded at tip, with a round basal spot

and two broad transverse scarlet bands, interrupted at suture and
connected at margin; sutural spine small. Front short, vertical ;
prothorax longer than wide. Antenne like preceding. A specimen
in the collection of Mr. Ulke is entirely black.

ATIMMNT.

Atimia confusa Say, J. A. P. v, 2, 1827, p. 276; Hald., Proc. Ac. Phil. iv, p-.
B73) leG:, J. -An PNSerm 2 I mS50s p25) CUS7o Sal Geena Seen

Pile sp: =
Length to mm. = .4o inches. AHaditat.—Texas.
A. dorsalis Lec., Ann. Nat. Hist. iv, 1869, p. 385.
Length to mm. = .40 inches. AHaditat.—Vancouver, So. Cala.

Both are short, stout insects, resembling a rather stout Lamiine.
The body is: densely clothed with long, coarse, luteous hair, with
some denuded spots on the thorax and elytra ; the former is quad-
rate transvere, scarcely rounded on the sides and coarsely punctured;
the \latter a little broader, truncate at tip, more faintly and very
sparsely punctured, with several rows of very distant larger punc-
tures. ‘‘ A. dorsalis is closely related to R. confusa, but differs by
‘‘the prothorax being less transverse, almost quadrate and scarcely
‘‘rounded at sides, except near apex, where it is suddenly narrowed.
‘The arrangement of the denuded spots is somewhat similar, but
‘‘the sides of the thoracic vitta are straight and the elytral spots are
‘‘confluent, forming a vitta extending nearly to the tip with two ex-
*ternalydilations’’ (ec. :1..¢:)

LEPEURODDES.
The fourth and last division of the Cerambycinz is characterized
and divided as follows :

Base of antennz not enveloped by the eyes, which are entire or emarginate,
and usually finely granulate ; front coxee conical (except in Dis-
tenia); stridulating plate of mesonotum divided by a smooth space

or furrow.
Mandibles scalpriform, notfringed. . . . . . . . . . . Disteniini.
Mandibles simple, not fringed . . . . . . . . . . . Desmocerini.
Mandibles acute, fringed on the inner margin.
Elytraiabbreviated..° 5) 2-4 % 3 2 ee ae ee
Elytra not abbreviated.
Pront mearly vertical. <0 6 9 Aan le ee
Front /oblique; or horizontal 5.4... (ssid eee. ee

DISTENIINI.
Distenia undata Oliv., Ent. iv, 69, p. 25, t. 2, fig. 15; Buquet, Mag. Zool. 1843,
t. 118) fies, ¥; Wec:, J. A.. P..ser..2,31" 1850, p. 37:jacord4 (Genpau.
Site OH ome
Length 17—25 mm. = .7o—1.00 inches. /adz¢a¢.—Eastern U. S.

Very elongate, brown, clothed with dense gray pubescence ;
head large, horizontal ; antennz about as long as the body ; mandi-
bles thick, curved, chisel shaped at tip, apical edge vertical, sharp,
straight ; prothorax with dorsal elevations and acute lateral spine ;
elytra gradually narrowed,, bispinose at tip, bearing two distinct dis-
cal costee and a sutural and marginal costa fainter; punctures between
large and distinct. The elytral pubescence is partly denuded, leaving
a basal blotch and two angulate bands brown.

DESMOCERINI.

Four species of Desmocerus form this tribe, and the following
synopsis has been published by Dr. Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. ix,
1881.

Elytra with basal half yellow, apex blue, disc faintly tricostate . . palliatus.
Elytra either entirely yellow, or margined with yellow, not costate.
Male elytra orange-yellow, female with discal blue space; punctuation
moderately coarse, a little finer near apex . . . . . auripennis.
Elytra similarly colored in the sexes, both narrowly margined with yellow
at sides and base.
Thorax irregularly plicate ; elytra ais and deeply punctured from

baseitoapex 200! /. . . . . Cribripennis.
Thorax densely punctured, “os nen convex ; aie, tra moderately coarsely
punctured at base, more finely and densely at apex. . californicus.

D. palliatus Forst., Nov. Spec. Ins. 1771, p. 40; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p. 318;
Harris, Ins. Mass. p. 92; blandus Fab., Syst. Ent. p. 182; cvaneus
Fab., Syst. Ent. App. 1775, p. 823; e/ongatus Bland., Proc. Ent. Soc.
Phil. i, 1862, p. 269.

Length 17—23 mm. = .7o—.go inches. Hfab.—La., N. C., N. Y. Ct , Va. Pa.

D. auripennis Chev., Rev. Zool. 1855, p. 187; Ann. Fr. 1858, p. 325, t. 8, f. 6.
Length 22 mm. = .88 inches; % 2. Afadbztat.—Cala., Nev.

D. cribripennis Horn, Trans., Am. Ent. Soc. ix, 1881, p. 7.
Length 16 mm. %, 20mm. 2 = .64—.80 inches. Wab.—So. Cala., Wash.

D. californicus Horn, |. c.
Length 12 mm. 4, 18 mm. 2 = .48—.g2 inches. Haditat.—California.

NECYDALINI.

This tribe contains four species in two genera, all of considerable
size and conspicuous among the Longhorns by the abbreviated elytra,
which are scarcely longer than the thorax, dehiscent and separately
rounded at tip. They may be separated as follows :

Last joint of palpi oval; third and fourth antennal joints together not longer

than: the: filth ser s\he |: . . . . . Ulochetes leoninus.

Last joint of palpi bell shaped ; third an fourth ces eal joints together

distinetly longer than fifth’ .°5.. "Gist sae. © on. 12 Neeyealis:

Elytra obliquely impressed only . . . . » etn o o A mentiiss
Elytra obliquely impressed and also Meuscetechy near tip.

Antennz more slender, fourth jointlonger. . . . . . N. levicollis.

Antenne stouter, fourth joint shorter . . . . . . . N. cavipennis.

The fourth antennal joint in cavipennis % is scarcely more than half as long
as the third. In the @ it is not so conspicuously short, but still much
shorter than in /evicolis.

U. leoninus Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. vii, p. 82; Ent. Rept. 1857, p. 62, t. 2, f. 12.
Length 25 mm. = 1.oo inches. Aaditat.—Oregon, Nevada.
The short elytra and great size will quickly distinguish this re-
markable species. It is very robust and hairy, and seems to:be rare
in collections.

N. mellitus Say, Bost. Journ. i, 1835, p. 194; americana 9 Hald., Trans. Am.
Phil, x, p.. 44; Proe-Ac. Phil. iv, p. 372.
Length 15—21 mm. = .60—84 inches. Hadb.—Ind., Pa.

Color variable, usually rufotestaceous, head, antennze (base and
tip tinged with rufous), thorax, scutellum and abdomen above black;
elytra punctate, more coarsely towards the margin ; reddish brown
with paler spot at tip, or entirely rufotestaceous. The oblique im-
pression is not deep, and does not reach the tip.

N. levicollis Lec., Ann. Nat. Hist. iv, 1869, p. 383.
Length 16 mm. = .64 inches. Aab.—Nevada, Vanc.

Color variable, rufous or piceous. The form is more robust
than the preceding, and the elytra are roughly punctured with a
strongly marked impression near the suture and slightly oblique.
Near the tip is a sharply defined transverse impression, behind
which the tip is obliquely elevated.

N. cavipennis Lec., S. M. C. No. 264, p. 204.
Length 18—22 mm. = .72—.88 mm. A/ab.—Cala.

Color is variable as in the preceding, which it strongly resem-
bles. It is, however, stouter, and besides the differences in antennz
stated in above table, the elytra are impressed nearer the tip, which
is more suddenly concave.

ENCYCLOPINI.
This tribe contains three genera, each represented by a single
species. The generic characters briefly are :

Tarsi wider, joints 1—3 brushlike beneath. . . . . . . . Pyrotrichus.
Tarsi slender, first joint very long.
Hind tarsi with basal joint sulcate, brushlike at sides. . . . . Leptalia.
Hind tarsi with basal joint cylindrical, not brushlike . . . . Encyclops.

P. vitticollis Lec., J. A. P. 1862, p. 41.
Length 12 mm. = .48 inches. Haé.—Cala.

Black, opaque ; with head, scutellum and three thoracic vitte
broadly fulvo-pubescent ; elytra coarsely punctured, margin behind
and at apex reflexed, tip feebly truncate. In each of the elytral
punctures is contained a very minute brown hair.

L. macilenta Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1853, iii, p. 253 ; Lacord., Gen. Col. 1869, p.

446.
Length 8 mm. = .32 inches. AHaé.—Alaska.

Black, densely punctured; prothorax narrower than the head,
deeply constricted before and behind, the sides obtusely, but strongly
dilated; elytra elongate, parallel, feebly truncate at tip. Antenne
long and slender as in Encyclops, to which this insect is closely
allied. The elytra are sometimes yellow, with suture and broad
sublateral vitta black.

Var. frankenhauseri Mann., |. c.

The elytra are yellow, with one black vitta only, and the legs
are testaceous.

Var. fuscicollis Lec., Ent. Rept. 1857, p. 65; Ann. Nat. Hist. iv, 1869, p. 383.
Length ro mm. = .4o inches. Haé.—Or., Vanc., Cala.
The elytral vitta is very indistinct, and the body is testaceous.
The legs are testaceous, sometimes varied with black.
E. ceruleus Say, J. A. P. v, 2, 1827, p. 280; Lec., i AYP SER) 2. teotosoe 1
317 ; pallipes Newm., Ent. Mag. v, p. 392.
Length 7—8 mm. = .28—.32 inches. HYab.—Can., Ct., L. Sup., N. Ill., N. Y.
Very elongate and slender, green or blue, shining and coarsely
punctured ; legs and antennz very slender, testaceous ; thorax nar-
rower than head, tuberculate at sides; elytra parallel, sparsely
rounded at tip.
(To be continued. )

A New Orthopter from Tennessee.
BY DR. F. W. GODING.

Stetheophyma doranii n. sp. Vertex swollen at border of eyes; no medial
ridge extending over top of head as in Zizeata, but top flattened, slightly sul-
cate; foveole medium, shallow, triangular. Pronotum finely punctured;

lateral carine divergent, subdistinct on anterior half, somewhat prominent on
posterior half, not broken. Elytra long, narrow, strongly swollen, curve 5 mm.
from base, on costal border. Color dark brown, spotted with ochreous ;
markings of head and pronotum as in gracilis. Ochreous along costal edge
for about half the length, remainder and dot or swollen curve, black; no such
broad band as in Zveafa ; three interrupted ochreous bands pass from costa
over suture to costa ; dirty yellowish stripe along each lateral angle from base
of elytra nearly to apex of abdomen ; apex translucent, dusky. Basal two-
thirds of wings bright lemon-yellow, fuliginous band passing over outer third,
apex translucent, fuscous. Front and middle legs dirty ochreous; hind femora
ochreous, apex black, basal half of inner side shining fuscous with spot of
same color between it and apex; swollen and flattened at base. Hind tibize
brownish olive, with band of yellow near base; tips of spines black. Hind
tarsi and spurs of tibiz piceous. Length to apex of elytra 28 mm.; elytra
19 mm.; hind femora 12 mm. (type in F. W. G. coll.)

Flabitat.— East Tennessee.

Described from one female named in honor of Prof. E. W.
Doran, State Entomologist of Tennessee, who kindly furnished the
specimen.

Preparatory Stages of Plusia Californica.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR.

Egg.—Hemispherical rounded at the base, the apex with a
rounded depression. Finely creased vertically. Color pale yellow.

First larval stage.—Head somewhat cordate, black and shiny.
Cervical spot and thoracic legs faintly blackish. Body pale yellow,
with black hairs. The larva eat the under part .of the leaf and rest
on the abdominal legs with the body bent up in a closed loop, the
head touching the leaf. They walk like a geometer, as the last
three pairs of legs only are present. Duration of this stage three
days.

Second larval stage. —Head whitish. Body green, with a trans-
verse row of black spots per segment bearing black hairs. A sub-
dorsal and a stigmatal whitish line. Joint 12 is enlarged, as in many
noctuid larve.

Third larval stage.—Head greenish, with minute black dots
and black hairs; jaws reddish. Body green, with white piliferous
dots having black centres. On joints 5, 6 and 7 is a distinct black
spot in the subdorsal space. A narrow subdorsal and broader stig-
matal white line, the former supplemented by two indistinct longi-
tudinal white streaks. Body furnished with a few black hairs.
Length about 7 mm.

Duration of this stage three days.

Fourth larval stage.—Head green, with minute brown speckles
and a few black hairs; eyes, jaws and palpi brown. Body green, a
broad white stigmatal line, a narrow subdorsal one and two more in
the subdorsal space also white. The upper of these lines is some-
what wavy and interrupted, and the lower one is broader than the
subdorsal line. On each joint two rows of white dots with black
centres bearing short black hairs. The spots alternate on the mid-
dle joints. Thoracic feet tinged with blackish, the abdominal con-
colorous with the body. Length about 12 mm.

Duration three days. During this stage and subsequently the
larva eat the whole leaf instead of the lower portion as previously.
If disturbed, the insect curls spirally and falls to the ground with
contortions.

fifth larval stage—Mature larva. Head shiny green, jaws
brown, palpi black. In some examples there is a black stripe on
the head. Body dark green, the lines as in the previous stage, the
stigmatal ending sharply above, but blended ventrally.

The elevated spots bearing white hairs are whitish, except the
suprastigmal ones, which still have black centres. Cervical spot and
anal plates dull pale green. The stigmatal space and venter have
some minute white spots, and on each joint from 5 to 10 inclusive,
there is a small black dorsal spot situated anteriorly. Spiracles
white in a black oval. Thoracic feet blackish; joint 12 is slightly
enlarged and joint 13 is small. The al legs throughout
its history, consists of only three pair on joints 9, 10 and 13, and
the larva walks like a geometer. Length 25 mm.

Duration of this stage four days.

The insect spins a thin web of white silk in which to. pupate,
drawing together any loose objects to assist in covering it, and this
operation, together with the preparation for pupation, occupies two
days.

Pupa.—Depressed somewhat above the wing cases at back of
the thorax, the eyes prominent, the tongue case projecting below
the wing cases, forming a round prominence over the first abdominal
segment. The cremaster is short and blunt, and the hooks with
which it is furnished, are fastened in the silk of the cocoon. Wing
cases slightly creased. Color brownish black, but paler at the join-
ings of the parts and between the abdominal joints. In occasional
instances the whole pupa is pale.

Duration of this stage twelve days.

food-Plant.—Malva. Larve from Los Angeles County, Cala.

For the determination of this species I am indebted to the kind-
ness of Prof. John B. Smith.

—[6—

FOOD-PLANTS OF LEPIDOPTERA No. 13.

(HALISIDOTA CARY, Harr.)
BY WM. BEUTENMULLER,

TILIACEA.
Tilia Americana, L. (Basswood).
‘* Europea (European Linden).
“alba, Michx. (White Linden).
SAPINDACEZ.
Acer dasycarpum, Chr. (Silver Maple).
‘“ rubrum, L. (Red Maple).
““ pseudoplatanus, L.
Negundo aceroides, Moench. (Box Elder).
ROSACEA.
Prunus serotina, Ehr. (Wild black cherry).

‘““ Virginiana, L. (choke cherry).

Pyrus malus, Tourn. (apple).
HAMAMELACEA.
Hamamelis Virginica, L. (Witch-hazel).
OLEACEA.
Fraxinus Americana, L. (White Ash).
URTICACEA.
Ulmus Americana, L. (American Elm).

‘““ fulva, Michx. (Slippery Elm).
campestris, L. (English Field Elm).
Celtis occidentalis, L. (Hackberry).

PLATANACEA.
Platanus occidentalis, L. (Sycamore).
. orientalis, L. (Oriental Plane).
CUPULIFERA.
Quercus alba, L. (White Oak).

“ rubra (Red Oak).

ue palustris, Du Roi (Pin Oak).
Castania vesca, L. (Chestnut).

Fagus ferruginea, Ait (America Beech).
Carpinus Americana, Michx. (Hornbeam).

ce

BETULACEA.
Betula alba, L. (White Birch).
‘“ populifolia, Spach.
papyrifera, Marsh. (Paper Birch).
Alnus serrulata, Willd. (Black Alder).

JUGLANDACES.
Juglans nigra, L. (Black Walnut).
‘““ cinerea, L. (Butternut).
Carya alba, Nutt. (Shell-bark Hickory).
‘tomentosa, Nutt. (Bull nut).
porcina, Nutt. (Pig nut).

ce

img

NOTES AND NEWS.

A supplement to the ‘‘ Catalogue of the Coleoptera comnion to
North America, northern Asia and Europe is in course of prepara-
tion. Information of the capture in North America of the following
species and other cosmopolites is greatly desired, and those having
any of them in their collections will receive due credit if they com-
municate them to the undersigned before long; few of them have
even a name in our literature, and it will be of value to science to
place the fact on record if any of them exist in American collections:

Falagria longipes ( fovea, currax), Thectura (Dinarea) angus-
tula, Phleopora latens (ajor), Homolota cavifrons, H. picipes
(parva), H. coriaria, H. divisa, H. palustris, H. aquatica, H. ovaria,
H. graminicola, H. sulcifrons (favens), Aleochara puberula (vaga,
dubia), A. morion, A. verna (ézno/ata), Microglossa suturalis ( pre-
textata), Sipalia heemorrhoidalis Heer (_fumida), Placusa complanata
Er., Oligota pumilio ( pedalis), O. pusillima, Gyropheena strictula,
Baptolinus longiceps, Xantholinus punctulatus, Medon debilicornis
(asteria, effluens), Hypociptus leviusculus, Mycetoporus punctus,
M. punctipennis, M. brunneus, Bledius opacus, Oxytelus laqueatus
(Zutetpennis), Trogophleeus bilineatus, T. fuliginosus, T. gracilis
(tenellus), Acidota quadrum, var. alpinum, A. brachypterum, Ho-
malium cesum, Scymnus_ arcuatus, Lzemophleeus _fractipennis,
Cryptophagus scutangulus, C. affinis, Atomaria apicalis, Dermestes
peruvianus (hemorrhoidalis), Lathridius transversus, L. (Melanop-
thalma) gibbosa, Corticaria fulva, Ostoma (Peltis) grossum, O. ob- .
longulum, Lophocoteres (gen. of Trogosit. ) pusillus, Lyctus brunneus
Tribolium confusum. All Rhyncophorz not in the Catalogue.’

JoHN Hami.ton, 18 Ohio St., Allegheny, Pa.

WE are to have a new entomological journal, to be published
under the auspices of the Entomological Section of the Academy of
Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and the American Entomological
Society.

It is to be called ‘‘ Entomological News,”’ and to cost one dollar
per annum, for ten numbers of sixteen pages each.

The editor is Mr. Eugene M. Aaron; the advisory committee:
George H. Horn, M.D., E. T. Cresson, Henry Skinner, M.D. and
Philip P. Calvert.

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA. VOL. VI. 2 JANUARY, 18go.

——[ 8—-

There is room for a journal to cover the field proposed to be
covered by this paper, and if it is as well done as it ought to be by
the gentlemen above named, it will be indispensible for every work-
ing entomologist.

Bibliographical Catalogue of the described transformations of North American
Lepidoptera by Henry Edwards. Bulletin No. 35 of the U. S. National
Museum.

No more generally useful, and to the Lepidopterist indispensi-
ble work, has been issued for some time. It is a valuable guide to
those who breed insects, for it enables them to see what has been
done, and to fill up omissions. It ought to prevent the continual
redescription of species described in all stages ad nauseum, while
some of the many species that I know have been bred should now be
published.

According to this list a grand total of 1069 species are known
in some of the early stages. Of these the Rhopalocera have 180
species, the Sphingide 55; Sesitde, 16; Zygenide (///), 13; Bom-
byces, 178; Noctuidae, 188; Geometride, 101; Pyralide, 39; Tor-
tricide@, 61; Tineid@, 222; Pterophoride, 16.

Mr. Edwards deserves the thanks of all Lepidopterists for this
painstaking and extremely useful work.

New Species of Mexican Lepidoptera.

BY WM. SCHAUS, JR.

ERYCINIDZ:.
Subfamily ERYCININ&.

Caria melicerta n. sp. Above deep brown, with a slightly lilacine bloom
on the wings; several indistinct wavy transverse bands of a darker shade of
brown. The outer margins reddish brown divided by a steel gray line; a
submarginal dark line outwardly bordered on the secondaries by a metallic
green streak, and about the center of the costal margin of the primaries is a
cluster of metallic green scales. Underneath reddish brown, darker at the
apex of the primaries, spotted with black. Along the costal margin of the
primaries a series of metallic gray spots, a marginal line of the same character
on the primaries, and a™marginal and submarginal row of similar spots on the
secondaries. The 9 differs above in being paler, having the transverse bands

more distinct and broken into a series of spots. Underneath the wings are
yellowish brown and all the spots are metallic gray, in some instances faintly
outlined with black. Expands 23—25 mm.; 8 j‘c' 2 2 Q.

Paso de San Juan.

This species is near Caréa ino, Godman & Salvin.

Lasaia sessilis n. sp. Primaries above dark lustrous gray crossed by
irregular black lines, a marginal row of dark spots and a submarginal dark
wavy band. Underneath paler with the transverse lines broken up into spots,
the marginal spots very small and the submarginal wavy band decidedly in-
distinct, especially on the primaries. Expands 28 mm.; 4 o'\c.

Coatepec.

Theope eupolis n. sp. Primaries above black, with a small patch of blue
at the base of the inner margin, and hardly extending above the median vein.
Secondaries blue, with the costal margin, and the apical half of the outer
margin broadly black. Underneath light brown with, at the anal angle, two
or three indistinct black spots edged inwardly with light blue. Expanse
30-35 mm.; 25'S 3 PY.

Paso de San Juan.

This species comes very close to Theope virgelius Fabr., but is
easily recognized by the smaller extent of blue on the primaries and
_ the black margin to the secondaries.

Theope bacenis n. sp. Primaries above bleck, with a large bright blue
space at the base along the inner margin. This color does not extend above
the subcostal vein, nor beyond the cell. At the end of the cell is a band.
Secondaries, which are rather produced at the anal angle, bright blue. The
costal margin black. Underneath brown, yellowish at the base of the prima-
ries, the wings being crossed from the apex of the primaries to the center of
the anal margin by a dark brown band. Expands 33 mm.; I <’.

Coatepec.

SPHINGIDZ:.

Subfamily MACROGLOSSIN &.

Enyo tedium n. sp. The male closely allied to the male of Exyo gorgon,
having the same general aspect and peculiar fold of the cell as in that species.
The costal margin is, however, straighter, the wings are not so long, and the
body is also shorter and less tapering than in Zxyo gorgon. Primaries red-
dish brown crossed by numerous wavy bands of a deeper brown. The apical
portion of the wing is rather darker, except a lighter space situate along the
center of the outer margin and inwardly curved. On the costal margin close
to the apex is a small dark brown triangular spot. Secondaries reddish
brown, darkest at their base and with a central and submarginal wavy brown
line. Underneath reddish brown, gray along the outer margin of the prima-
ries with two wavy brown lines crossing the wings beyond the cells. Head
reddish brown. Thorax brown, with a darker shade crossing the patagie.

Abdomen brown, with dorsal tufts of curly scales and a dark brown spot on
the anal segment; the anal lateral tufts also darker brown. Expanse 57 mm.;
2S Ss:

Jalapa, Coatepec.

Enyo riscus n. sp. Primaries above brown with a purplish gloss, crossed
by several wavy brown lines from the costal to the inner margins. A con-
spicuous dark curved line extends from the apex to the internal angle, en-
closing the outer marginal space, which is of a darker purplish brown than
the rest of the wing. Secondaries purplish brown with the base, the inner
margin narrowly, and the costal margin broadly yellow, the dark portion of
the wing being crossed by a few wavy brown lines. Underneath wings yel-
low, thickly speckled with brown scales, the outer margins of the primaries
with the same markings as on the upper side, but not so dark, and between
this space and the cell three wavy brown lines cross the wing from the costal
margin to the inner margin. On the secondaries the outer margin is broadly
bordered with purplish brown and the wing is also crossed by two distinct
wavy brown lines from the costal margin to the anal angle. Head, thorax
and abdomen purple brown above, with a dark subdorsal line. Underneath
yellowish, speckled with brown. Expanse 53 mm.; I <j.

Rinconada.

Calliomma germen n. sp. Primaries above dark olivaceous gray, with an
indistinct inner and an outer transverse wavy band of a darker shade. A
marginal row of small dark spots, beyond which the wing is thickly speckled
with blackish scales. Fringe brown. Secondaries brownish black; fringe
alternately brown and white. Underneath light greenish gray, the wings
thickly speckled with short dark streaks, except the basal half of the prima-
ries, which is clothed with long dark brown scales. Head and thorax green-
ish; a white line behind the eyes. Abdomen brownish gray above, whitish
underneath. Expanse 62 mm.; I <j.

Coatepec.

Pergesa mexicana n. sp. Primaries above olive-brown, paler along the
outer margin; an indistinct inner curved band from the costal margin to the
base of the submedian vein; also three outer contiguous transverse wavy
bands of a slightly darker shade, and beyond these a marginal row of small
spots, about the center of which is a cluster of black scales, and the outer
margin is speckled with short black streaks. Fringe brown. Secondaries
brown; fringe brown, whitish at the anal angle. Underneath greenish brown,
speckled with black, lighter than the upper side, except the base and central
portion of the primaries, which are dark olivaceous brown. On both prima-
ries and secondaries a conspicuous marginal row of small black spots. Head
and thorax olive-brown with a pinkish streak extending from the antennez
along the sides of the thorax. Abdomen above olive-brown, underneath
pink. Expanse ¢'55mm.; 2 7omm. 3,'d'I Q.

Paso de San Juan.

(To be continued.)

AMERICANA

VOL. VI. BROOKLYN, FEBRUARY, 1890. No. 2.

NEW CYNIPIDZ.

BYAGy PscG ENB.
ON BUR-OAK (Quercus macrocarpa).

Neuroterus flavipes n. sp. Gall.—A hard woody swelling of
the mid-rib or‘one of the main veins of a leaf, the leaf becoming
much wrinkled ‘and deformed as the result. Large galls measure
three-fourths of an inch in length and one-fourth of an inch in width.
The flies usually escape from the upper surface, sometimes through
a slightly raised teat-like projection.

Galls were gathered at Ames, Iowa, July 6, 1888, from which
the flies had already begun to issue.

_ Gall-fly—Female.—Head, thorax and abdomen black; antennze
and legs light yellow; length 1.6 mm.

Head entirely black, face very sparsely set with short gray hairs and
finely rugose; vertex, genze and occiput finely rugose. Antennz 13-jointed,
first two joints stout, and nearly equal in length, third joint longest, fourth to
thirteenth subequal in length, last six or seven joints forming a slight club;
color light yellow. Thorax black, finely rugose, densely pitted on the shoul-
ders, and very thinly set with short gray pubescence. Two shining, black,
parallel lines, begin at the collar and run back about half way to the scutel-
lum. Parapsidal grooves shallow, and can be traced about two-thirds of the
way from the scutellum to the collar. Outside of each parapsidal groove is
a short depressed line beginning near the base of the scutellum and running
parallel with the groove past the base of the wing. Scutellum entirely black,
densely pitted, and with two shallow fovez that are almost obsolete. Legs
light yellow, with the thighs and tibiz dark, sometimes almost black ; base
of coxz and pulvilli black. Abdomen black, polished, and with very few
hairs.. Ovipositor sheaths protruding. Wings hyaline ; veins rather slender
and light yellow in color, areolet wanting, cubitus and anal vein almost obso-
lete, and the radial nervure not reaching the costal margin. The anterior

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA. Vol. VI. 3 FEBRUARY, 1890.

wings are without a fringe of hairs upon their borders and the hairs upon the
surface of the wings are not well developed, but appear in most cases as
minute specks. Described from thirteen reared specimens.

Male.—Antenne 15-jointed, filiform, and longer than the body ; parapsi-
dal grooves more distinct than in the female ; wings with fringe of hairs and
hairs better developed on the surface of the wing. Length 1.4 mm.; other-
wise as female.

Neuroterus vernus n. sp. Galls.—Almost identical with those
of Neuroterus minuta Bass. When occurring upon the leaves they
are simply enlarged petioles, but the leaf usually becomes very much
dwarfed and deformed. The galls also occur in large numbers on
the stamen catkins, in which case the catkins become much enlarged
and irregularly swollen, and remain green upon the tree until the
gall-flies within have completed their growth. The eggs are de-
posited in the buds of the bur-oak early in April, and the flies issue
early in June. Galls taken June 10, 1888, had lost most of their
flies. On April 9, 1889, the tree from which these galls were taken
was again visited, the day being warm and bright, and the females
found present in great numbers busily depositing their eggs. From
one toa half dozen or more of these flies were present upon every
bud, into which their ovipositors were deeply inserted. The galls
resulting from eggs deposited at this time, began to give a second
brood of flies May 16th. The tree was also visited on a bright day
about the middle of April for the purpose of determining whether
or not the egg-laying had ceased. At this time no living flies could
be found, but many dead ones were seen that had not been able to
remove their ovipositors from the place where the last eggs were
laid. At this time the twigs of the tree were literally covered with
what would be termed ‘‘ honey-dew”’ which had oozed out from the
myriad punctures that the buds had sustained a week or ten days
before. This shiny, sticky material tasted very sweet, and one who
did not know what had happened to the tree a few days previous
might well wonder what could be the source of this sweet substance
if it did not gather as a dew. This is one of the most abundant of
the gall-flies in this vicinity where a bur-oak tree can hardly be
found, the foliage of which has not been seriously damaged by it.

Gall-fly—Female. —Except joints of legs and tarsi, black; these
parts yellowish’ brown; antennze 12-jointed, the second joint most
robust; I—1.3 mm. in length.

Face smooth, shining black, or very finely rugose, and with very few
hairs. Mandibles black at tip, and black or brown-black at base; palpi

brown ; antennz with first and second joints stout and subequal in length,
third joint longest and most slender, joints somewhat enlarging towards the

tip; making a very slight club, terminal joint but slightly longer than the pre-
ceding, and each joint with a few short hairs. The antenna reaches slightly
beyond the thorax and is composed of twelve joints. Sometimes the terminal
joint, when in a favorable light, appears to be divided into two. Thorax
polished and without parapsidal grooves or hairs. The mesothorax is notched
posteriorly, making the scutellum appear unifoveate. Scutellum smooth and
polished, and with a few scattering hairs, but no foveze. Abdomen short,
truncate, entirely black and polished. Ovipositor sheaths usually not visible;
when the ovipositor is exserted full length it is longer than the abdomen.
Wings 1.5 mm. in length; radial nervure not reaching the costal margin ;
areolet large, but rather indistinct on account of the second transverse ner-
vure being very faint ; cubital nervure visible, nervures brown. Joints of legs
and tarsi brown, last joint of tarsi infuscate. Described from a large number
of flies that were reared from the galls in May.

June Brood. Seven flies before me that came from the galls upon the
leaves in June, 1888, differ from the preceding by having more light colored
parts. The base of the mandibles, first three or four joints of the antennz
and feet are distinctly lighter colored. In some cases the anterior tibize and
the greater part of the anterior femurs are distinctly whitish, and the antennze
are distinctly 13-jointed. Only females were obtained.

ON WHITE-OAK (Quercus alba).

Acraspis niger n. sp. Galls.—Small, brown, globular bodies,
densely covered with a grayish pubescence which gives them the
appearance of felt on their outer surface, attached to the under sur-
face of the leaves of the white-oak in September and October. Galls
exactly similar are very common on the leaves of the bur-oak ( Quer-
cus macrocarpa), but from these I have not succeeded in rearing the
flies. Internally these galls have a fragile central cell surrounded
and held in place by a dense growth of dark brown radiating fibres.
The galls resemble very closely those in my collection of Acraspis
laneglobuli Ash.

Gall-fly—Female. —Color black, with a little reddish brown on
the thorax; thorax covered with a recumbent silvery pubescence;
abortive wings reaching the middle of the abdomen. :

Head entirely black, finely rugose, and with very few hairs. Antenne
14-jointed, very dark brown or black, and 2.5 mm. in length. Thorax black,
with a little reddish brown above, covered with a recumbent silvery-white
pubescence, the hairs rising from minute punctures in a polished surface.
Scutellum small, finely rugose, without foveze, and covered with hair like the
thorax. Abdomen highly polished, with a small patch of silvery pubescence
on the anterior inferior portion of the second segment. Venter tipped with
a conspicuous tuft of yellowish gray hairs. Legs, except basal portion of
coxe, dark brown and densely set throughout with short gray hairs; aborted

. pee

wings reaching a little beyond the middle of the abdomen. Described from
a single specimen, the only one that I have been able to rear from hundreds
of galls that I have collected both in Michigan and Iowa.

Riga te

ON RED AND SCARLET OAKS ( Quercus rubra and QO. coccinea)

Dryophanta liberzecellulz n. sp. Gall.—Globular excres-
cences on the leaves of the red and scarlet oaks sometimes taking
into themselves the entire leaf tissue and at others surrounded by
the blade of the leaf as is the case of Amphibolips nubilipennis or
Andricus singularis, either of which it very much resembles,, but
from which it differs by having a somewhat roughened and fuzzy
exterior and a much thicker outer wall, and by having the larval cell
perfectly free to roll about within. The galls vary from 6.5 mm. to
o:5 mim. in diameter. See fig. 1:

When gathering the galls on May 20, 1889, it was noticed that
some of the flies had already escaped, and on May 28th occasional
galls could be found with the flies still in them. I have taken several
of these galls in Michigan, but obtained only parasites from them.

Gall-fly.—Black; feet, first four or five joints of antennee and
the palpi light yellow.

Female.—Head shining black, with two deep pits at the base of the cly-
peus, one on either side; face finely rugose; mandibles black, sometimes
yellowish at base; palpi light yellow to yellowish brown. Antennz 14-jointed:
first four or five joints light yellow, terminal joints black, first and second
joints short and stout, third joint longest, terminal joint cone shaped and a
little longer than the penultimate. Thorax shining black and finely rugose,
parapsidal grooves distinct; a medium impressed line begins at the scutellum
between the parapsidal grooves and extends a short distance upon the thorax.
Scutellum polished, bifoveate and more coarsely rugose than the thorax.
Abdomen entirely black and polished; ovipositor sheaths slightly exserted
and light yellow in color. Wings slightly smoky, and 3 mm. in length, areolet
very small or entirely wanting. Feet light yellow, except last tarsus, which
is black. Length 2.3mm. Described from twelve reared specimens.

Male.—Length 2mm. The yellow coloration of the antennze shows for
nearly the entire length on the under surface, the number of joints is fifteen,
and they are more densely set with hairs than in the female. Otherwise as
female. Eight reared specimens.

ON A ROSE BUSH.

Rhodites multispinosa n. sp. Gall.**—A large knot-like excres-
cence on a young shoot of a species of Rosa.’ The gall is reddish
brown in color and densely set with sharp, stout spines, like those
which occur upon stems of the bush. See fig. 2.

Gall-fly—Female.—Head rufous, almost black beneath the eyes, finely
rugose and covered with gray pubescence. A little black shading on the
vertex surrounds the ocelli. Thorax rufous, punctured, parapsidal grooves
broad, but not deep, and extended to the scutellum. Two naked parallel
lines extend a little more than one-third of the distance from the collar to the
scutellum between the parapsidal grooves. Thorax, like the head, thinly set
with short hairs. Scutellum more coarsely rugose than the other parts of
the thorax and without foveee. Abdomen dark rufous, polished and very
finely rugose. Ventral valve black. Antennz 14-jointed, first three joints
rufous, the others black. Wings subhyaline, areolet large, marginal cell open.
Length 4.3 mm.

Male.—Entirely black, except the legs and a little rufous coloring about
the ocelli. Legs reddish brown. Antenne r14-jointed, and nearly or quite
as long as the body. Length 3.5mm. Otherwise like the female.

The gall and flies of this species were kindly loaned me by
Prof. Osborn, of the Iowa Agricultural College.

* This is probably the gall spoken of by Osten Sacken on page 44 of the
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia for 1863, Vol. II.
In Bulletin 7 of the lowa Experiment Station the specific name spzzostssima
was given to this insect without noticing the fact that a very similar specific
name, sfizosissime had already been used by Giraud for a related European
Cynipid. In order to avoid confusion from having two names so similar in
the same genus I have thought it best to change the name here to su/tispinosa.

re be

A New Species of Feralia. —
BY JOHN B. SMITH.

F. major n. sp.—General color of head, thorax and primaries a rather
light bluish green fading to yellowish in old specimens, more or less pow-
dered with black. This black powdering usually prevails in the median
space of primaries, but sometimes invades the entire surface, so that the in-
sect is really black, with a few green scales only. Usually the basal and ter-
minal spaces, and the costal region, are green, while the median space is
blackish. Described from a distinctly written specimen the markings are as
follows: Basal line evident, single. T. a. line single, black, with three out-
ward angulations, the longest and broadest in the submedian interspace; an
evident, single, black, irregularly sinuate and angulate median line. T. p.
line well removed outwardly, as a whole nearly parallel with outer margin,
but with an outward angulation on vein 4, and an incurve over the anal angle.
Opposite this curve a little black spur projects into the terminal space in most
specimens. There is no s. t. line. Orbicular large, round, very indefinite,
usually defined at the sides, rarely beneath, never above. The cell is black
between this spot and the reniform. The latter is large, always traceable,
usually well and completely defined by a black margin, in well marked speci-
mens also, by an interior ring of white scales. Fringes greenish at base,
blackish cut with white outwardly. These markings are traceable on even
the darkest specimens I have seen. Thorax a variable mixture of black and
green, never with definite lines. Secondaries pale, smoky fuscous, tending
to become paler marginally. Beneath pale, powdery, usually with an inner
and exterior common line, between which on secondaries is a distinct discal
spot. These lines, however, are very variably distinct, and on the primaries
usually obsolete. Expands 34—36 mm.; 1.36—1.44 inches.

Flabitat.—Washington, D. C., Franconia, N. H., and Platts-
burgh, N. Y.

Mr. G. H. Hudson, of Plattsburgh, to whose kindness I owe
the chance of seeing a good series, has taken seven specimens, all
at electric light, as follows: 1887, May 3, 8, 16 (2), 19; 1889, April
18, 28. Of these, two are now in the U. S. National Museum.
Mrs. Slosson has taken a specimen at Franconia, and Mr. Schoen-
born has a very perfect specimen, also taken at light in Washington
very early in the year.

In all essential characters this species is a close ally of / jocosa,
the lines being almost identical in course, but it is not that form
‘which shows a black median space. In jocosa the lines are always
distinct, and the white accompanying shades marked, while the tho-
rax has the patagize always neatly black lined. There is none of
the powdery appearance so distinct in the new species, and finally,
besides the smaller size jocosa has the secondaries black. The
harpes of the male are in all essentials similar in both species, but the
spur from the lower angle is different.

PLATYPSYLLUS—EGG AND ULTIMATE LARVA—
Dr. Horn’s Reclamation.

BY C. V. RILEY.

The egg and the pupa of Platypsyllus are yet unknown. I have
for some time endeavored to obtain them, and specimens recently
received as such gave hope, from the finder’s account, that the lacunze
in the life-history of the genus might at last be filled. But examina-
tion dispelled the hope; yet not without adding something to our
knowledge of the development of this curious beaver pararsite.
The only reference to the egg is that contained in Dr. Horn’s article
in the ‘‘ Transactions of the American Entomological Society (Vol.
XV, p. 25),’’ where it is stated that the eggs were observed, and
that ‘‘they are minute objects, not fastened to the hair, as is the case
with lice, but plastered firmly to the skin among the thickest hair.’’
This, failing in description, might apply to the egg of any other
minute creature, and I have, in fact, some reason for concluding
that the objects referred to in the observation were not the eggs of
Platypsyllus, but those of quite a different insect. The eggs, as
observed in the oviduct of the female Platypsyllus, are sufficiently
uncharacteristic, except as to their flattened form; they are 0.4 mm.
long and o.2 mm. in broadest diameter, non-sculptured, white,
broadly ovoid, but much flattened on two sides. The structure in-
dicates that they may either be thrust under the scales of the skin or
fastened thereto.

What was sent as the pupa, proves to be a most interesting
larval stage and in keeping with the Mallophagous appearance of
the beetle. This larval stage might at first sight be characterized as
a Mallophagan by even the most careful zoologist. The larva, as
hitherto described and figured, even in the largest specimens,
whether from Dr. Horn’s material or my own, has always seemed
to me inexplicably small as compared with the imago, and if the
form which I now describe is (and I can believe it nothing else) the
final larval form of Platypsyllus, then the larvee hitherto described
had not yet gone through their final molt. A glance at the accom-
panying figures suffices to show the remarkable superficial resem-
blance to the lice in question, and only when the structure, especially
of the leg and mouth-parts is studied, does its Platypsy//us nature
appear. The description will also show how greatly it is modified
from the earlier larval stages already described. One is justified
from the facilities for grasping which it possesses, as from the posi-
tion of the head, in inferring this stage quiescent, and in this respect,

—-28——

as well as in the marked deviation from the previous stage, it recalls
the pseudo-pupa, or coarctate larva of the Meloids, and of some
other parasitic forms. I have but a single specimen and have not
been able to clearly make out the spiracles. One can but conjecture
as to whether the pupa proper is formed, either partially or wholly,
within the skin of this broadened larva, or whether the skin is com-
pletely exuviated in the transformation.

I hope that those who have opportunity to capture beavers will
endeavor to obtain the much-desired pupa, and I shall be most glad
to communicate with or to receive specimens from any one having
such opportunity.

a, dorsal ; 4, ventral view; c, head from beneath; d, tarsus; e, tarsal claw (original).

Platypsyllus castoris.— (7/timate Larva.—Length about 2.4 mm.; greatest
diameter about 1.2 mm. Nirmiform, flattened, narrowest at thoracic joints
‘and broadest at middle of abdomen. Color grayish white, with brownish,
chitinous markings. Head pale brown, peculiar, projecting from joint 1,
subtriangular, flattened, occiput without structure, face and vertex completely
ventral; the mandibles resting on the prosternum, rather stout and 2-toothed;
clypeus very large, triangular; antennz very small, 3jointed, inserted in front
of the lateral angles of the clypeus, the basal joint rather large, circular,
flattened, disc-like, the second joint minute, as long as broad; the terminal
joint much longer, slender, cylindrical, and bearing a stout bristle at tip;
labrum transparent and membranous; palpi apparently 4-jointed (not dis-
tinctly made out) the terminal joint cylindrical, about one-half longer than
wide and truncated at tip; just outside the antennz are two black ocelli and
several piliferous raised points. Legs rather short, stout, drawn in over the
sternum; the tarsi spinose, long, 1-jointed, bearing but a single, long, quite
straight claw, with two long, movable spines at base; tibize with but a few
spines near tip. Dorsally, the prothorax is twice as long as the other joints,
which are subequal in width, and the transverse brown markings include the
prothorax, except a narrow posterior band, a narrow posterior border across

Soap

each of the joints (obsolescing on 10, 11 and 12); a median subrhomboidal
spot and a subdorsal narrower, somewhat paler spot near the anterior margin:
of each of joints 2-11. The posterior half of each joint is also beset with
numerous pale brown granulations (obsolete on 11 and 12), but without a
trace of hair. Ventrally, the thoracic joints are much lengthened, the femora
show a transverse shade and the abdominal joints a dusky transverse band,
shorter and more conspictious anally. Patches of long, stout bristles occur
on the dusky parts of joints 4, 5, 6, 7 more particularly, and of shorter bristles
on the sternum.

While upon this subject of Platypsyllus 1 may remark that the
note (page 122 of E. A. for last June) which appeared while I was
in Paris amazed me not a little, and obliges me to jog Dr. Horn’s
memory with the following statement of facts:

1. The paper in ‘‘Insect Life,’’ No. ro, as stated in the foot-
note was read April 20, 1888, before the National Academy. It was
read by request. In it I distinctly refer to Dr. Horn’s first announce-
ment of the larva before the Washington Entomological Society.

2. I could not refer to his own paper on the subject, which was
not published till sometime after mine was read. The date, March,
1888, on his signature is unjustified and misleading. My assistance,
acknowledged in his paper, did not begin till April 10, 1888. I was
in correspondence with him on the subject during the rest of the
month, and asked for advance sheets of his paper in order to be able
to refer to it; but the Doctor found it inconvenient to send them as
his Platypsyllus paper formed part of a more general one. He was
fully advised of my intention to read a paper, and when, unable to
get his advance sheets, I concluded that it might be advantageous to
have my conclusions as to details published independently and unin-
fluenced by his, he encouraged this course, as I had offered to defer
to his wishes.

3. My paper was reproduced in ‘‘ Insect Life’’ after I left for
Paris, because few entomologists had seen it in the ‘‘ Scientific
American,’’ to which it was sent after reading. In reproducing it I
could not well have referred to Dr. Horn’s paper, nor have made
any change or addition whatever without preparing a supplementary
paper to ‘include subsequent notes both on Platypsyllus, Leptinus
and Leftinillus, which, as the Doctor had reason to know, I was
getting together. This I had then neither time nor inclination to
do, because, to use the language of one of his own letters to me:
‘‘T want facts and ideas, and do not care who publishes.”’

What is it then that Dr. Horn reclaims? Not priority of an-
nouncement, because that is admitted for him in my paper. Not
priority of publication, because I have made no claim to it. The

‘““omission’’ to refer to his paper I have explained. It remains only
to add that Dr. Horn had no justification from my intercourse and
correspondence with him, for supposing that I could have had any
other reason for the ‘‘omission,’’ or that I shall fail to refer to his
paper when occasion permits. The reclamation cannot refer to pri-
ority of discovery, because Dr. Horn had the best of reasons to
know that I had the larva long before he obtained it, for I had in-
formed him of the discovery already in October, 1887. That he
should have ignored this fact in his announcement before our Wash-
ington Society will be thought by some ‘‘inexcusable,’’ and will
explain why, as stated in the beginning, I was amazed at his card.
I much preferred to attribute the neglect to forgetfulness and to be-
lieve that one whose work I had always admired was above the petty
jealousies and narrow personalities which too often mar the conduct
and writings of specialists.

A New Species of Oncocnemis.
BY JOHN B. SMITH.

Oncocnemis extremis sp. nov.—Head and thorax ashen gray, with fine
black powderings. Head with front of a somewhat creamy tint, hind margin
deep seal-brown. Basal joint of palpi also seal-brown. Primaries ashen
gray to just beyond the t. p. line; beyond this point the wing is even smoky
black, with a brownish lustre. Basal line small, single, black. T. a. line
single, broad, black, more like a band than a line, evenly and not strongly
outcurved. T. p. line single, black, irregular, outcurved over cell, and then
in a direct course to the margin. No trace of the s. t. line in the black outer
space. A broad diffuse median shade from the middle of the costa, joining
the t. p. line at one-half its course. No trace of the ordinary spots. Secon-
daries white, with a faint yellowish lustre, a broad black outer band, con-
tinuous with that of the primaries, and narrowing to a point at anal angle;
within this is a narrow black line, obsolete before reaching the anal angle;
base of wings clouded with black. Beneath the maculation of the upper side
is faintly reproduced, the general color whitish, powdery. Expands 1.32
inches; 33 mm.

flabitat.—N. W. British Columbia.

A single specimen ( @ ) of this strongly marked species is before
me. It is an unfortunate matter that our work on the Noctuids can
be so short a time complete; hardly had my monographic work
been received, before a new species quite different from anything
before known, claims attention. The present form comes next to
homogena in the series, agreeing with it in the group characters, and
particularly in the single transverse lines. Yomogena, however, has
the median space darkest, while in this species the broad, outer,
dusky margin is distinctive.

NOTES ON ZEUZERA PYRINA ad.
BY C. P. MACHESNEY.

I notice in ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA Vol. IV, p. 162, and
Vol. V, p. 7, articles by Mr. E. L. Graef and Mr. A. R. Grote, re-
spectively, on Zeuzera pyrina (Fabr.), referring to specimens taken
during 1887 and 1888 by my friend and co-laborer, Mr. J. B. An-
gelman, of Newark, N. J., which articles still leave the question in
doubt as to whether or not the appearance of this insect in this lo-
cality results from an accidental’ importation in the earlier stages, or
has it become indiginous to the country. In Enr. Am. Vol. V, p.
28, Mr. Angelman gives his observations on the ‘‘time of appear-
ance,’’ which he records as ‘‘from June 14th to September 27th, a
period of 106 days,’’ which I consider an evidence that Z. pyrina
has established itself in this vicinity, and is increasing in number
with considerable rapidity. During the past summer I occasionally
took this insect in Arlington, N. J., though I had been unable to
find it here last year at the time it appeared numerously in Newark,
from which it may be inferred that it is gradually spreading, but to
what extent can only be determined by observations in other parts
of the State. The proof, however, that it has ‘‘come to stay,’’ is
presented herewith in a description of the larva, kindly provided me
for the purpose, by Mr. Angelman, who, so far as I can learn, is the
first to discover this borer in this locality, and presumably, in this
country. The larve were found in November and December, 1888,
in the topmost small branches of some very large old elms in Newark,
which had been felled by order of the authorities. From the posi-
tion in which the larve were found it would appear that the egg is
deposited at the juncture of two small branches, as the excavation
began at that point and extended downward through the centre of
the branch, increasing in diameter as the larva attained its growth,
thus leaving the wood around the cavity very thin at time of trans-
formation and resulting in the death of the branch from where the
imago had emerged to its extremity. At the time this description
was made larvee were not quite matured.

Larva 1¥% inches in length, yellowish white in color. On the
2d to 11th segments each, are a number of minute black dots, vary-
ing in number from ro to 14, slightly elevated and furnished with a
very fine short hair (only perceptible in the smaller spots at this
stage with the aid of a magnifying glass). These dots are placed
on each segment, 4 dorsally, of which the anterior pair are closest
together, and. the remainder are lateral and sublateral. Head one-

half the width of the body, round, blackish brown, adorned with a
few bristles, and placed well under the first segment. Segment one
semicircular viewed dorsally, and somewhat triangular laterally, and
not quite as wide as segment two. Cervical shield dark brown, slightly

gin
a. oat mT

Ta N

ay
i" ‘ Fi
A ong

co pu
6

projecting above dorsal part of segment. Larva of equal breadth
from segment 2 to 10; segments 2 to 5 slightly shorter than seg-
ments 6 to 11; segment 12 adorned with a few bristles; anal shield
dark brown; segment 11 also has a dark brown band across the pos-
terior dorsal margin. Thoracic legs short, concolorous with body.
Abdominal legs very small and retractile.

®

Owing to the difficulty of keeping the larvee supplied with /ve
wood, Mr. Angelman was unable to successfully rear them to the’
imago state, and while believing the identity of the insect to be be-
yond question at the time, I deferred presenting this description to
the readers of ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA until I had seen the
description and figures of Z. wscula (pyrina) of Europe as given in
Kirby’s ‘‘ European Butterflies and Moths,”’ plate 26, fig. 2 a 6, with
which the larva coincided in all particulars. Some empty pupa shells
were also found in the branches of the same tree in cavities identical
with those in which the larva occurred. These cavities were some-
what enlarged at the bottom, where the pupa lay inclined upward
toward the opening through which the imago had escaped. The
upper part of the cavities was filled with sawdust excrements solidly
packed, the hole being large enough to enable the larva to reverse
itself, it having been found ‘‘looped’’ several times. The pupa
shells were in such an imperfect state as not to admit of a detailed
description.

——$— $i ——_$§_

A Waspish Love-Struggle.

Col. John Bowles, of this city, a reliable observer, and a gen-
tleman who takes a keen interest in Nature, tells us of an interesting
sight which he noticed last October in Richmond County, Ga. :
Walking along a country road with two friends, an animated black
and yellow ball as large as one’s fist was noticed moving about on
the ground. A closer look showed that the ball was composed of
wasps; perhaps eight or ten smaller ones and one larger. It was
not long before Col. Bowles discovered that the larger one was a
female, while the others were all males struggling to mate with her.
The female at first seemed disinclined, and held the tip of her abdo-
men turned under and out of their reach. Presently, however, she
held it out and opened the valves, when immediately one of the
males mated with her. Coition lasted not more than ten seconds,
and after a few moments another male was allowed access. Mean-
time, the whole mass of males continued in the most frantic excite-
ment, clawing and biting at the fortunate individual and at each
other. They were watched until all but one of the males had copu-
lated, when the female, seeming to tire, thrust out her sting and
made an angry noise, at which the last male fled.

Col. Bowles is not familiar with the species of Digger-wasps,
but from his description we think this one must have been either
Sphecius speciosus, or Monedula carolina. Ou.

¢
NOTES AND NEWS.

In an able Presidential address made by Mr. E. A. Schwarz
before the Entomological Society of Washington, he reviews, in a
general sort of way, the literature of American Entomology. _ Its
development and nature were spoken of, as were also some of its
characteristic features—good and bad. One remark struck us as re-
markably pertinent, and would almost seem to suggest that some-
time or other Mr. Schwarz has occupied an editorial position, He
says that the chief peculiarity of the American Entomologist is, that
he does not subscribe to the periodicals of his own country! It may
be an overestimate when we say that there are not more than 250
entomologists in North America who regularly subscribe to an ento-
mological journal ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA sends out over
200 copies monthly, but of these many are to members, active and
honorary, and many more are sent as exchanges. This is really a
bad showing, and indicates how little encouragement entomologists
give to journals published in their interest. ENT. AMER. costs an-
nually over $500 for printing, mailing and incidentals, and against
this about $250 comes from subscribers, slightly more, perhaps,
during the last year. The balance is lessened somewhat by the sale
of back volumes, but about $200 remains as a deficit, to be met by
the Society. Now, this has always been met, and will be met for
the current and future volumes, but our readers could, with a little
effort on their part, help us considerably by remitting promptly, by
recommending the paper to their cronies interested in insects, and
by adding a little to our publication-fund now and then when finances
are in a flourishing condition. It does seem too bad that the few
journals published in America should not be more generously
supported.

Our paper was late last month, and the last part of Vol. V was
badly delayed. Complications resulting from the union of the So-
ciety with the Brooklyn Institute locked up our funds for nearly
three months, and the cussedness of the former printer (proverbial
and well understood) was responsible for the rest. We have gotten
a new start now and hope to get along swimmingly in future.

Mr. Ashmead is again at Jacksonville, Fla. He expects to leave
for a European trip before many months, and will make studies in
the famous collections there. He promises the completion of a
monographic work on the Proctotrupide before leaving.

NEW CALIFORNIA HOMOPTERA.

BY E. P. VANDUZEE.

To the kindness of Mr. D. W. Coquillett, of Los Angeles,
Cal., I am indebted for the opportunity of studying a very inter-
esting series of Homoptera from the West coast. This collection
has proved of great interest, not alone on account of the large num-
ber of new species it contains, but principally, perhaps, for the
clearer light it throws on the relationship existing both between the _
American Homopterous fauna and that of Europe, and between the
several members of our own Eastern fauna. A number of the new
species here made known, falling into the older genera, seem to
connect these with other genera, or to show a type of variation
before unknown in this country. Thus 7hamnotettix subenea re-
minds us, especially by its ornamentation, of Scaphoideus.. T.
coquilletti, in the same respect, recalls Cadliscarta. T. geminata
in most of its characters would be taken for a Cicadula, while 7:
limbata represents, possibly, a new generic type, related to Zham-
notettix, as is the European Anoterostemma to Athysanus. Delto-
cephalus coquilletti might readily be mistaken for an A¢hysanus and
Pediopsis nubila for an Agallia. In Jassus lactipennis we have,
perhaps, the smallest species of the true Jassids yet known, and
very probably the type of a new genus of this interesting group,
which includes such genera as /assus Fab. (Stal.), 7erudza Stal.,
Petalopoda Span., Palicus Stal., ete. Allygus inscriptus deserves
notice as being the only North American species, at least as far as
known to me, that falls exactly within the limits of the genus as
characterized by Dr. Fieber.

Aside from the species described below, this collection contains
fourteen forms of the 7yphlocybide that I have not yet studied;
three or four species the descriptions of which have been reserved
for publication with related material from the East, which I hope
will soon appear; a few forms that require the study of more exten-
sive material before they can be satisfactorily characterized, and
eleven that I have been able to identify with already described
species.

Species absolutely identical with European forms are remark
ably few in this collection,—only two have thus far been recognize:
and form a proportionately smaller element than in our East
fauna. But there are many species closely related to their Europ
congeners, and it is not unlikely that, with a full series of the
fornian /Jasside@, a very observable correspondence with th

—36—

pean fauna would appear. Comparisons of this character are, how-
ever, of little value without the study of more extensive material
than we now possess. The first duty of our entomologists is to
make known the numerous species occurring in their country; for,
until this is done, we can have no accurate knowledge of our own
fauna or of its relations to those of other countries. Then, too,
will there appear a more general interest in these small and despised,
albeit frequently beautiful creatures; and collectors will account
them worthy of preservation when inadvertently taken by them
while in quest of larger game, and students will not, as at present,
be obliged to solicit in vain for exchanges, or go in person for the
desired material, or do without it.

A few of the terms and nieasurements employed in the follow-
ing descriptions possibly call for a word of explanation. The length
of a specimen is measured from the tip of the head to the apex of
the elytra, or of the abdomen if it projects beyond the elytra.
Width of the head includes the eyes; width of the pronotum is
supposed to be measured across at the widest point, generally at the
lateral angles, or the angles between the lateral and latero-posterior
margins. In the nomenclature of the venation I have adopted that
employed by Dr. Fieber as in all respects the most convenient and
satisfactory. In Fieber’s scheme for separating the genera of the
Jassid@ the element of the neuration of the elytra and wings is given
a very prominent position, and I think justifiably so, notwithstand-
ing the fact that it is subject to frequent and considerable variations.

In all the /ass¢de the variation in the form of the genital pieces
furnish very important characters for distinguishing the species, but
in these descriptions I have made use only of such parts as can gen-
erally be seen without mutilating the specimen. In the male they
are as follows: The //a¢es are two flat, or slightly convex, pieces ,
placed on the ventral surface, with their inner edges in contact so
that together they generally form a more or less regular triangle,
which may be short and blunt, or long and narrow, with the sides
either convex or concave; on the edge they are generally fringed
with long hairs, and there is at times a submarginal row of stouter
spines. On the base of the plates is a triangular, rounded, or short
ind transverse piece called the Valve; it varies much in shape, and

ie apex may be acute, obtuse, or emarginate. Beneath the plates
viewed from below, are two long, more or less slender and curved
ces termed the Szy/es; they are rarely mentioned, as they are

‘rally concealed from sight beneath the plates. Still farther

’ these, and really forming the apical segment of the tergum,

are the Pygofers; they are placed on each side enclosing the anus,
and are approximate above and below, and in these descriptions
have, for the sake of convenience, been considered as one; as a rule,
the aperature formed by them is somewhat oval, with the narrow
end within on the ventral surface; here are attached the hooks or
claspers, which are more or less slender, spine-like processes, curved
inward and upward toward the anal style. Sometimes the pygofers
are much elongated, and their surface, or at least their apical margin,
is generally beset with stiff bristles. In both sexes, but particularly
in the females, the form of the hind edge of the last ventral segment
is very various in the different species, and is a specific character of
primary importance. The sexual characters of the female, aside
from the form of this ultimate ventral segment, are of a simple kind,
and of but little comparative importance. The pygofers, which con-
stitute most of the visible portion of the genitalia, present slight
variations in form, but are of little value in determining the species.

For drawing up these descriptions I have used a compound
microscope with an inch and one-half objective, but the more im-
portant characters could probably be made out with a good Cod-
dington lense magnifying about fifteen to twenty diameters.

The locality from which this material was derived may be stated
as Southern California. Most of it was obtained, Mr. Coquillett
informs me, from the vicinity of Los Angeles, only a little from as
far north as Newhall, about thirty miles. The numbers appended
to the descriptions are those of Mr. Coquillett’s collection.

BY THOSCOPIDAE.

1. Pediopsis nubilan. sp. ythoscopus nubilus Uhl. ms.

Form of P. punctifrons, but larger. Head obtusely angled before, pro-
notum coarsely punctured, without oblique rugee. Elytra almost coriaceous,
coarsely punctured, with numerous irregular transverse nervures almost ob-
literating the ordinary venation. Pale grayish brown; elytra whitish, clouded
with brown. Length 3.5—4 mm.

Head broader than the pronotum, rather obtusely angled. Face coarsely
punctured above, more minutely so below; apex of the front broad, angles
rounded; clypeus broad, the sides parallel, apex rounded and a little de-
pressed beyond the lorz, furnished with a few short stiff hairs on the margin;
lore broad, transverse, almost angled outwardly. Rostrum long, reaching
the apex of the intermediate trochanters. Pronotum rather long, posterior
margin less deeply arcuated than in our other species: latero-posterior mar-
gins reaching the eyes; surface coarsely punctured, punctures not obviously
arranged in oblique lines; a more or less distinct impunctured central line.
Scutellum, excepting the basal angles and the calloused margin each side of
the apex, coarsely punctured. Superior surface of the propleura hidden

3*

beneath the eye. Elytra broad; costa strongly convex; clavus and corium,
the apex excepted, thick and coriaceous, coarsely punctured; nervures strong,
somewhat irregular, connected, especially toward the apex, by numerous
irregular transverse nervures. Ultimate ventral segment broad and short,
almost pentagonal in outline, the short, abrupt apex with a shallow triangular
notch; disc depressed, with a central impressed line. Pygofers broad, ob-
long, with a short, bluntly conical apex; surface covered with short, scattering
hairs.

Color : Head, pronotum and scutellum grayish yellow, punctured with
pale brown; apex of the face and central pronotal line whitish. Eyes brown.
Legs and all beneath soiled yellowish white; a few obscure markings on the
femora above and an annulus near the base of the tibize, on the anterior and
intermediate feet, obscure brown; posterior tibiz with black points at the
base of the spines. Elytra obscure brown, pale and subhyaline toward the
apex, with two indistinct, whitish, oblique bands, the basal extending from
near the tip of the scutellum to the middle of the costal margin; the second
is more obscure, or almost obsolete, and extends from the middle to the
apex of the claval suture obliquely to the apex of the costa; basal punctures
brown, nervures toward the apex whitish. Wings whitish, nervures pale
brown.

Described from two female examples (N. 226). Very distinct
from its American congeners, and easily distinguished by the thick
coriaceous, ramously veined elytra, and short ventral plate. In
these characters it appears to be quite unique, at least I know of no
exotic form exhibiting peculiarities analogous to these. |

2. Agallia oculata n. sp.

Form of A. 4-functata Prov., to which it is closely allied. Fulvous
brown; elytra dark brown, with pale nervures; two large spots on the disc
of the pronotum, and several smaller ones along the anterior margin and on
the face, black. Length 4 mm.

Vertex much shorter at the middle than next the eye. Front broad,
sides nearly straight above, rounded below to the base of the clypeus. Cly-
peus narrow, oblong, slightly contracted at the base, the apex subtriangular.
Lorz narrow. - Cheeks narrow, outer edge obtusely angled near the middle,
below coalescing with the outer edge of the lorz. Pronotum somewhat
pentagonal in form, or lozenge-shaped, with the posterior angle truncated _be-
fore the scutellum; anterior angle rounded, the disc before somewhat tumid;
latero-posterior margin feebly rounded, reaching the eye before, posterior
angles rounded; surface transversely wrinkled. Scutellum small, the anterior
field largely covered by the pronotum. Elytra longer than in the eastern
4-punctata. Last ventral segment of the female long, about equalling the
two preceding; hind edge feebly and regularly arcuated; disc with a narrow,
depressed, longitudinal line on the middle. In the male this segment does
not differ from the penultimate.

(To be continued.)

Description of Eterusia urania n. sp.

BY WILLIAM SCHAUS, JR.

Primaries above olivaceous brown. A narrow yellow band crosses the
wing from the middle of the costal margin, and does not quite touch the inner
margin at three-fourths of the distance from the base. This band is bordered
on either side by a series of velvety black spots, interrupted by the veins,
which are tinged with deep metallic blue wherever separating the black spots,
and lilacine where crossing the yellow transverse band. Secondaries above
velvety black. Between the median vein and the abdominal margin two-
thirds of the wing from the base deep metallic blue; on the apical half of the
outer margin a row of blue spots longest at the apex. Primaries underneath
black, the base largely metallic blue and green. A transverse yellow band
from the costal to the inner margin, and a submarginal row of metallic spots.
Secondaries underneath black, the abdominal margin broadly deep metallic
blue, the base and costal margin shaded with green; an irregular transverse
row of small chrome yellow spots from just beyond the middle of ‘the costal
margin to near the anal angle. Along the outer margin a row of light blue
metallic spots. Antennae, which are deeply pectinated at their extremities,
dark blue. Frons dark green. Collar and thorax brown, tinged with green.
Abdomen above dark metallic blue, underneath brown. Exp. 77 mm. 1 ©.

Naga hills, Assam.

EE ——__—————

The continuation of Mr. Leng’s ‘‘Synopsis’’ is crowded out
this month ; better luck next time.

One of the most notable features among the Lepidoptera fre-
quenting the electric lights at Newark last summer was the very
large number of a little Tineid, which, from specimens in the U. S.
National Museum, I make to be Laverna phragmitella, an Euro-
pean species. The label on the specimens states that it ison Z7ypha,
of which there is an abundance near Newark. There is one other
American specimen in the Museum from Fortress Monroe, Va.

A revision of the 7znzocampine is in press, and will appear at
an early date in the Proc. U. S. National Museum.

In speaking of Raphiteles maculatus (Ent. Am. v. 216) I quoted
from a somewhat indefinite statement in Mr. Howard’s letter deter-
mining the species for me. As the matter stands now it conveys the
impression that the pararsite had been heretofore bred on/y from
Scolytus rugulosus. As a matter of fact it had been only so bred in
the Department, but there are a number of other hosts known in
Europe. Pissodes strobi is, however, really a new host, so the note
has not lost point.

SOCIETY NEWS.

Meeting Dec. 3, 1889, at Brooklyn Institute, President Casey in the chair
—23 persons present. The minutes of the November meeting were approved.
The report of the librarian showed the donation to the library by Mr. A. W.
P. Cramer of twenty-five books and pamphlets. Miss Elizabeth A. Wilckins,
of No. 261 Henry Street, Brooklyn, associate member of the Institute, was
elected a member of the Department.

Rev. J. L. Zabriskie read a paper entitled, ‘‘ Note on some Case-bearing
Lepidoptera feeding upon the seeds of Juncus,”’ illustrated by enlarged dia-
grams showing the plants bearing seeds, with cross sections of the latter;
also of the larve and protecting cases. Larve inhabiting three forms of
cases had been taken. The larve had been found clinging to the seeds of
Juncus Greenti Oakes & Tuckerman, and /uncus tenuis Willd. No imago
had been obtained, but an identification of the species found upon the first-
named plant by Mr. Hulst, showed it to be Coleophora cispiticella Walsingham.

Mr. Smith gave a description of the mouth parts of Stomoays calcitrans
and Hematobia serrata, a recently imported species. An examination of
the mouth parts in each species revealed no variation in either case thus
proving them to be of the highest value as a means of classification and
identification. He also stated that he had recently noticed in handling Am-
pretia stimulea that the spines on parasitized larvee had lost their urticating
properties. Discussion on the nature of the urticating properties of several
Lepidopterous larvze was participated in by Messrs. Smith, Hulst and Weeks.
No one had noted the fact stated by Mr. Smith, but it was general knowledge
that the hairs of certain Arctiide retained their irritating properties even
after removal from the caterpillar. A. C. WEEKS,

Recording Secretary.

In ‘‘Humboldt’’ for December, 1889, is an interesting state-
ment of the amounts expended by the Prussian State Forestry
Commission to control the ravages of forest insects only. In 1884-
85 were spent 200,550 Marks; in 1885-86 were spent 171,404 Marks;
in 1886-87 were spent 191,645 Marks. Of these sums the control
of Hylobius abietis alone took from 107,200 to 109,300 marks. The
sums are suggestive, and yet all of it was absolutely necessary for
the prevention of serious damage. Even with these sums, and the
trained officials to apply it the success in lessening the ravages was
not satisfactory. It was not possible to do more than keep the pests
in check. The destruction of the Cockchafer in the larval state is
also still in the experimental stage, and the results are not satis-
factory. The complaints in other parts of the empire of damage by
white grubs are even greater than they are in Prussia, and some
practical remedy would be a boon of inestimable value.

TON UCICe
AMERIGANA

VOL. VI. BROOKLYN, MARGH, 1890. No. 3,

Proposed Corrections of Specific Names to Harmonize Mr.
Henshaw’s Catalogue of the North American Cole-
optera, with the generally accepted Euro-
pean nomenclature, with relation to
the species common to the
two continents.

BY JOHN HAMILTON, M. D.,
Allegheny, Pa.

The Roman type indicates the proposed name; Italics, the name
now in Henshaw’s Catalogue and Supplements (sometimes that in
the European). Small Caps indicate a species represented only by
a variety of the European form.

Dyschirius zeneus De7. P. IMPRESSUS Panz.
Srigidus Mann. var. splendidulus J/o¢s.
integer, dentiger Lec. 3radycellus cognatus Pays.

Clivina fossor Zinn. Hydrovatus pustulatus J/e/s.
collaris t Lec. cuspidatus ¢ Catalog.

Bembidium littorale O/iv. (1791). | Coelambus inzequalis /aé.
paludosum t Catalog. punctatus Say.

B. ustulatum Zinn. Deronectes brevis Séurm.
rupestre ¢ Catalog. depressus t Catalog.

B. grapei Gy/Z. Hydroporus SANMARKI Sahdo.

B. flammulatum Cairz. var. rivalis Gy2/.
undulatum Sturm. Agabus congener 7hunbd.

Amara apricaria Pave. ambiguus Say.

A. erratica Duft. A. dissimilis Sah/b.

Platynus obscurus Herész. A. confinis Gy72.
oblongus Fab., pusillus Lec. ovoideus Lec.

P. bogemanni Gy/Z. A. erichsoni Gem. and 7.
obsoletus Say. nigrocneus Er.

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA. VoL. VI. 4 MARCH, I8g0.

Rhantus suturalis Zac.
notatus Fab.
Colymbetes dolobratus Payé.
var. groenlandicus Aube.
Graphoderes cinereus £77272.
Sfasciatocollis Harris.
Helophorus granularis £7772.
Cercyon nigriceps Marsh.
centrimaculatum Sturm.
Pteroloma forstroemii Gy//.
Bryaxis sanguinea Lizz.
Homalota sordida J/arsh.
lividipennis Mann. .
H. graminicola Grav.
granulata Mann.
Tachyusa pygmea Sachse, not Am.
Aleochara nitida Grav.
var. verna Say.
anthomyi@ Sprague.
Placusa tachyporoides Wadv.
? despecta Er.
Gyropheena affinis Sah/d.
Gymnusa brevicollis Pave.
Myllana dubia Grav.
Acylophorus glabberrimus //és¢.
Quedius fulvicollis Szeph.
hyperboreus Er.
Creophilus MAXILLosus Linn.
var. villosus Grav.

Philonthus perforatus Fauv., Horn.

atratus ¢t Horn.

P. picipennis Maer.

Stenus montivagus £7.
plerobrachys G. and H.
brevipennis Maek.

S. nanus Stephens.

: pusto Casey.

S. pumilio £7.
atomarius Casey.

S. humilis £7.
mammops Casey.

S. canaliculatus Gy//.
congener Maek.

S. argus Grav.
ageus Casey.

S. morio Grav.
subgriseus, indistinctus Casey.

S. tarsalis L7ung.
reconditus Casey.

Lathrobium quadratum Pays.
nigrum Lec,
var. terminatum Grav.
punctulatum Lec.
Tachinus basalis £7.
circumcinctus Maek.
T. apterus J/aek.
Tachyporus nitidulus 7a.
brunneus Fab.
Conosoma bipustulatum Grav.
bisignatum Horn.
Bolitobius pygmzeus Fad.
3-maculatus Say, venustus Mels.
B. angularis Sachse.
pygmeus t Horn.
B. exoletus £7.
3-notatus t Cat. facilis Casey.
B. peecilus JZann.
Olisthzerus substriatus Pay’.
Oxytelus laqueatus J/arsh.
Juscipennis Mann.
O. rugosus Fad.
O. nitidulus Grav. ,
punctatus Lec., 2? nitidulus Lec.
O. tetracarinatus Block.
depressus Grav.
Trogophlceus pusillus Grav.
subtilis t Lec.
T. corticinus Grav.
Juivipennis Fauv.
T. memnonius £7.
mancus, Spectatus Casey.”
Geodromicus plagiatus ad.
ovipennis Lec.
var. nigrita JZvel/.
Orochares angustata £7.
Olophrum fuscum Grav.
Zatum Maek.
Homalium florale Pays.
rufipes t Fauv.
Adonia variegata Goeze.
constellata Laich.
Coccinella transversoguttata add.
C. II-PUNCTATA Linn.
var. menetriesi J7z/s.
Anatis ocellata £777.
15-punctata Oliv.
Rhyssodes americanus Lap/.
exaratus ¢ Ill., Westw.

Silvanus gemellatus Duv.
guadricollis ¢ Casey, Lec.

S. cassize Reiche.
gile Casey.

Nausibius clavicornis Az’.
dentatus Marsh.

Cryptophagus lapponicus Gy//.,
verus (nec. Reitter, nec. fzdbes-
cens Sturm).

beringensis J. Sahlb.

Anthrenus verbasci Lizz.
varius Fab.

A. museorum L777.

A. fuscus Laér.
claviger Er.

Orphilus niger Rosst, xot American

Epurzea terminalis J/ann.
tmmunda Er.

Ips 4-guttatus Fad,
var. fasciatus O/zv.

Lathridius consimilis A/a.
parallelocollis Mann.

I. constrictus Gy27.
carinatus Gyll.

Corticaria pubescens Gy/7.
piligera Mann., grossa Lec.

C. ferruginea Gy/Zd.

Jenestralis Auct., deleta Mann.

C. elongata Gy//.

Melanophthalma distinguenda Com.
morsa, pumila Lec.
subangulata Mots.

M. similata Gy27.
subimpressa Zimm.

Cryptohypnus dermestoides Herdst.
var. 4-guttatus Lap/.

Melanotus castanipes Pays.

2 scrobicollis Lec.

Athous undulatus DeG.

Corymbites sericeus Ged/er.

C. nigricornis Panz.
metallicus Payk

Melanophila acuminata LeG.
appendicula Fab., longipes Say.

M. GUTTULATA Gebler.
var. drummondi A77éy.

Opilus domesticus S/772.

Necrobia rufipes DeG.

Gibbium psylloides Czenpinsk.
scotias Scop.
Trigonogenius (Sphzricus) gibboi-
des Boteld. —
Xestobium rufovillosum DeG.
tessellatum Fab.
Aphodius aleutus Zsch.
ursinus Mots.
A. putridus Herbst.
Jetidus Fab.
Oxyomus sylvestris Scop.
porcatus Fab.
Phymatodes variabilis Zzzz.
P. lividus ossz.
thoracicus Comolli.
Rhagium INQUISITOR Linn.
var. lineatum O“iv.
Adoxus obscurus £27272.
vitis Fab.
Entomoscelis adonidis Pad/as.
Plagiodera armoracize Linn.
cochlearieé Panz.
Bruchus chinensis Zzzz.
scutellaris Fab.
B. pisorum Zzz7.
pisi Linn.
B. rufimanus. Bohm. should be
dropped.
Blaps similis adr.
mortisaga in error.
B. mucronata La?r.
Alphitobius ovatus Herés?.
diaperinus Muls.
A. piceus Oliv.
mauritanicus Fab. diaperinus
Panzer.
Alphitophagus bifasciatus Say.
guadripustulatus Stephens.
Xylita laevigata Hellen.
Hypulus vaudoueri J/i/s.
Suscus Lec.
Anthicus basilaris Say.
guisguilius Thoms.
Otiorhynchus linearis £7772.
picipes Fab.
Sitones lineellus Borsd.
Hypomolyx piceus GeG.
pineti Fab.
Tanysphyrus lemnz /ay.”.

=—=4a—

Acalyptus carpini Fad.
Ceutorhynchus cyanipennis Germ.
ALE
sulcicollis Gyll.
Rhinoncus pyrrhopus Bohm.
Phytobius velatus t Lec. =n. s.
Xyloterus lineatus O/iv.

Dryoccetes autographus Ra/z.
septentrionis Mann.

Crypturgus pusillus Gy//.
atomus Lec.

Hylurgops glabratus Ze/z.
pinifex Fitch.

bivittatus Kirby.

The following synonymy is p
Rhantus GRAPEI Gy//.
var. sinuatus Lec.
Chalcophora MARIANNA Linn,
var. virginiensis Herdst.
var. angulicollis Lec.
Tragosoma DEPSARIUM Linn.
var. harrisii Lec.
Asemum STRIATUM Linn.
var. mcestum Ffald.

Species, the European synonymy of which appears to be chaotic,
and which it is prudent to retain in our catalogues with the present
Italics indicate the unsettled names

names till the matter is settled.
as they relate to our fauna:
Licinus silphoides Fad. = punctulatus

Pristonychus terricola Hés¢.; whether
unsettled.

roposed for consideration:
Criocephalus RustTicus Ziv7.
var. agrestis Azrby.
Monohammus suToR Liv.
var. scutellatus Say.
Gastroidea viridula DeG.
formosa Say.
Pytho DEPRESSUS Lim.
var. americanus A7zréy.

Fab. [unnecessary. ]

this or inzequalis Panz. is the older is

Bradycellus cognatus Payk. = deutschi Sahlb.

Hydroporus morio Sharp = morio Gem. and H. [some confusion. ]
Rhantus bistriatus Ber-gst = suturellis Harris [some confusion. ]
Cercyon flavipes /aé. = var. of hemorrhoidale Fab.

Orphilus glabratus 7ad. = niger Rossi.

Nitidula bipustulata Linvn. = bipunctata Linn. [unnecessary. ]
Corymbites tessellatus Zinn. = sjelandicus Mull. [distinct species. ]

Bruchus obsoletus Say — obtectus Say
takes the precedence by long use.

{equal in point of time, and obsoletus

]

Otiorhynchus maurus Gy//. — dubius Stroem.

O. monticola Germ. = arcticus Fab.
Sciaphilus muricatus 77d. = asperatu
Lepyrus colon Fad. = palustris Scop.

s Bonsd.

Hylastes trifolii Mu2/. = obscurus Marsh.

Last summer I took Ceutorhynchus erysimi Fab., at Pocatello
in southern Idaho. This species has been recorded from Kansas
(Knaus, Trans. Kan. Acad. of Sciences, vol. ix, p. 60) and also
occurs in Iowa. How widely it may have been distributed over the
East I do not know. H. F. WICKHAM.

New Species of Mexican Lepidoptera.
BY WILLIAM SCHAUS, JR.

(Continued from p. 20, vol. vi.)

MELAMERID-.

Flavinia jalape n. sp.—Above primaries black, with a large round spot
of bright yellow near the apex, and a semiovate yellow space on the inner
margin from the base to near the internal angle. Secondaries bright yellow,
the outer margin bordered with black. Underneath the markings the same
as on the upperside, the apices of the primaries, however, faintly tipped with
white. Head and antenne black. Collar yellow. Abdomen black dorsally,
yellow laterally and underneath. Expands 35 mm.; 2 ¢\¢'1 @.

ieee

LASIOCAMPID.

Ceeculia fibra n. sp.—Male—Primaries above: basal half whitish, except
a small space at the base and two contiguous transverse lines close to this
small space, which are gray ; outer half gray, paler along the outer margin,
and separated from the inner whitish portion of the wing by two contiguous
dark gray, transverse lines. Secondaries grayish white, with indistinct cen-
tral and submarginal transverse grayish markings. The abdominal margin
clothed with long grayish scales. Underneath dull white, with a broad dark
transverse band on the primaries. Head and thorax brownish, mixed with
yellowish scales. Abdomen subdorsally grayish, laterally and underneath
yellow. Expands 35 mm.

Female.—Above dark gray, with two contiguous transverse lines at the
base of the primaries of a darker shade, and two similar lines crossing the
same wing just beyond the cell. A submarginal, transverse, wavy band ofa
slightly darker shade than the ground color. Underneath uniform dull gray.
Head and thorax gray. Antennz ochreous. Abdomen above gray, with
transverse rows of dark yellowish scales; underneath deep yellow. Expands
52mm. 5.2 2-2 2:

Coatepec.

Hydrias deformis n. sp.—Primaries above brown, a conspicuous round
black spot in the cell, and a row of small black spots along the outer margin,
most conspicuous at the internal angle, and gradually diminishing towards
the apex. Secondaries brown, darkest in the centre and along the abdominal
margin; a couple of small black spots near the apex. Underneath uniform
light brown. Head, thor and abdomen above, dark brown; underneath
paler. Expands 36 mm.; 1 9.

Paso de San Tusa

Ocha macerra n. sp.—Primaries above white, at the base a small, and at
the apex a large blotch of rich brown. Secondaries yellowish, white at the
base; a small, rich brown spot at the apex. Underneath whitish, the costal
margin of the primaries broadly bordered with brown. Head and thorax
white, Abdomen golden yellow, except a dorsal tuft of white hairs at the
base. Expands 20 mm.; 2 <j\,.

Paso de San Juan.

—46—
LIMACODID.

Echedorus infernalis n. sp.—Primaries dull grayish black, crossed by
numerous transverse angular markings of black and brown-gray. A small
black spot at the end of the cell. Secondaries dull black. Underneath dull
black, with a light, marginal, wavy band on the primaries. Collar and thorax
black, base of patagiz pink-brown. Abdomen dull black dorsally; under-
neath mixed with a few paler scales. Expands 38mm, 1 <. :

Jalapa.
BOMBYCID£.

Dicranura platea n. sp.—Primaries silvery white, crossed by six wavy
black lines from the costa to the inner margin; the first close to the base, the
second interrupted in the cell by a circular black spot, beneath which the
transverse line is double, the third crossing about the centre of the wing, the
fourth crossing at the end of the cell, and between this line and the third
there is another smaller black circle in the cell; the fifth and sixth lines rather
heavier than the others, the sixth having at the apex a shorter black line con-
tizuous to it. On the extreme outer margin a row of conspicuous black spots.
Secondaries grayish, with indistinct marginal and submarginal lines, and a
row of small black spots on the extreme outer margin. Underneath brown-
white, fringes white; a row of black spots on the extreme outer margin of
both wings; a few black marks on the costal margin of the primaries, and
two indistinct transverse bands on the outer portion of the wings. Head and
collar white; thorax anteriorly streaked with black, and otherwise spotted
with black. Abdomen silvery gray, with transverse black lines, anus velvety
black. Expands 42 mm., I Q.

jatapa.’)
DREPANULID.

Perophora inscita n. sp.—Wings above fawn color, thinly powdered with
black scales. The costal margin of the primaries at the apex, and the outer
margins and fringes of both wings olive-brown. An olive-brown line crosses
both wings from just below the apex of the primaries to the anal angle of the
secondaries ; this line is faintly bordered outwardly with yellowish. On the
costal margin of the primaries about two-thirds from the base a small cluster
of black scales. A very small crescent-shaped transparent spot at the end of
the cell on the primaries, and a small black spot on the cell of the seconda-
ries. Underneath paler, with the markings of the upperside repeated, but
the transverse band is very indistinct on the secondaries, and at its upper
extremity on the primaries it turns abruptly inwards to the costal margin,
forming an acute angle. Head, thorax and abdomen fawn color speckled

with black. Expands 33 mm.; I J.
rere) )

j /
Coatepec.

HEPIALIDA:.

Phassus basirei n. sp.—Primaries pale fawn color, thickly mottled with
gray streaks and light brown. Several dark brown spots and black streaks
along the costal margin, and along the outer margin a series of u-shaped

AN ee

marks of a deep brown. Near the base of the wing and starting from the
subcostal vein, a very:irregular wavy brown band strongly outlined with black;
at first this band is moderately wide, then narrows, beyond it suddenly bulges
to treble its original width, and rapidly tapers to a fine black line on the inner
margin near the base. A dark brown space at the end of the cell, inwardly
outlined with black and enclosing at its outer extremity a triangular silver
spot. Secondaries dull brown, faintly spotted on the costal margin; the fringe
is spotted with light brown at the end of the nervules. Underneath dull
brown, with light spots on the costa of both wings. Exp. 150 mm.; 2 9 9.

Coatepec.

NOTODONTID.

- Anodonta fascis n. sp.—Primaries above fawn color, mottled longitudinally
with different shades of brown, the costal margin towards the apex and the
inner margin being narrowly streaked with black and reddish brown. The
outer margin consists of first a pale brown streak, then reddish brown, bor-
dered outwardly by a fine, irregular black line, afterwards light brown, and
the base of the fringe blackish. All these markings form together but a nar-
row border to the outer margin. At the end of the cell three whitish trans-
verse streaks unite in forming a noticeable spot, and beyond this to the border
of the outer margin the wing is very pale fawn color. Secondaries dull brown,
with the outer margin reddish brown, preceded at the anal angle by a blackish
shade. The extreme outer margin marked with two fine brown lines; the
fringe towards apex light, towards anal angle dark. Underneath light brown,
a black streak on extreme outer margins. Head and thorax dark fawn color.
Abdomen above dark brown, underneath light brown. Exp. 85 mm.; 2 ¢'<.

Jalapa.

A Contribution to Hymenopterological Literature.

At the February, 1889, meeting of the Entomological Society
of Washington, there occurred an animated discussion on the habits
of Bomébus and Apathus, especially with reference to the economy
of Apathus, the majority of the members holding the received view
that these bees are inquilines. At the close of the discussion the
following corruscation was presented by the poetical member, which,
at the time, was well received on account of its aptness to the discus-
sion rather on account of its rhythmical merit. It may be necessary
to state that Continental pronunciation is given to the diphthong ‘‘ z’’

Oh! an Apathus sat on a Chrysanthemum
A-cleaning her antenne,

And she little thought of the Pyrethrum
That would take her life away!

And,there she sat, a-taking a rest,
And smiled in a satisfied way,

For she’d laid ten eggs in a Bombus nest
And there’d soon be the de’il to pay.

For her offspring dear, her very first brood,
Would hatch in a very short time,

And no trouble she’d have a storing up food,
For she worked on the Cuckoo line.

Her young would hatch ere the young bumble-bees,
And the young bumble-bees would die,

While the young Apathi would live at their ease
And fatten like pigs in a sty!

So she sat in the sun, this wicked old bee,
And scratched her tibiz,
And chuckled inside in lazy glee
At the business she’d done that day.
* * *

But the Chrysanthemum on which she sat
Belonged to a neat old maid,

Whose plants were her pride (next to her cat),
And that day she was out on a raid

Against Aphids and slugs, with a Buhach-gun
Filled with Peters & Milco’s best,

And seeing the Apathus, just for fun,
She dusted her yellow vest.

Lord! how the cheat kicked as she fell on the ground!
And how she did buzz and hum!
But she never got well—she never ‘‘ came round’’—
Her fraudulent life was done.
%* * *

From this little tale can a moral be drawn—
How the bumble-bee loafs not a bit;

But works all day from the earliest dawn,
And thus ’scaped the death-dealing hit ?

This moral is good, but please don’t forget
Those eggs that the Apathus hid!

The Bombus is working and slaving yet,
But it’s all for the other one’s kid!

Dr. Horn has been appointed Professor of Entomology at the
University of Pennsylvania, The Doctor could do us no greater
favor than by graduating many young men to follow in the lines he
has so well staked out!

NEW CALIFORNIA HOMOPTERA.

BY E. P. VANDUZEE.
(Continued from p. 38, vol. vi.)

Agallia oculata.—Continued.

Color: Superior edge of the vertex and the broad outer margin of the
cheeks whitish; lorze, clypeus and disc of the front pale fulvous. Sutures of
the face, central longitudinal line on the vertex, two round spots on the ocelli,
two larger ones above these on the superior margin, three small ones ad-
joining each eye, antennal cavities, and a few transverse lines on each side of
the front, black. Eyes dark brown. Basal joints of the antennz whitish.
Central longitudinal line of the pronotum, two large oval or subtriangular
spots placed obliquely on the disc either side of this medial line, two minute
ones near the apex, and a small one on the posterior margin behind each eye,
black; anterior margin and an area behind each of the large discal spots ob-
scured with brown. Scutellum pale, the basal angles, two small points be-
tween them, the short transverse impressed line, and a longitudinal line divid-
ing the posterior field, black. Elytra dark brown, paler toward the costa, the
nervures whitish. Pectus black. Coxe and legs pale; lower surface of the
anterior and intermediate femora and all the tibize, especially the posterior,
clouded with fuscous; claws black. Abdomen testaceous brown, or almost
fuscous, sometimes darker on the disc of the tergum and venter; genital
pieces pale.

Described from two individuals, representing both sexes (No.
278). The dark markings are without doubt subject to more or less
variation in intensity and extent as in our allied eastern form, A. 4-
punctata, which this represents in the Californian fauna. The male
is paler in color than the female, thus bringing the dark spots into
stronger contrast.

JASSID.

3. Jassus lactipennis n. sp.

Form oval, short and thick. Color soiled white or yellowish. Elytra
milky, or subopalescent white, nervures simple, strong; tergum_ black.
Length about 4 mm.

Head a little narrower than the pronotum, prominent before. Vertex
pentagonal in form, obtusely angled before, hind margin slightly concave,
-length next the eye subequal to the breadth; passage to the front rounded;
front narrow, convex, the sides parallel. Clypeus oblong, about one-half the
width of the front, truncate at the ends. Lor small, extending from the
lower angles of the front to a little beyond the middle of the clypeus. Cheeks
narrow, sides concavely arcuated from the outer angles of the eyes to the
lorze, then rounded to the apex, which in the male distinctly surpasses the
clypeus. Eyes, viewed from the side, almost round, from above oval. Ocelli
minute, on the edge of the vertex quite distant from the eyes. Antenna very
long, basal joints stout, base of the seta thick, but tapering rapidly to a slen-
der bristle. Rostrum short, hardly reaching the tip of the anterior trochan-

ters, composed of two joints, the second a little the longer; pronotum short,
especially in the male, hardly more than half the length of the vertex; angles
prominent, posterior margin concave, subparallel to the anterior; surface
obscurely transversely striated. Scutellum longer than the pronotum. Elytra
narrowed toward the tip; costa uniformly arcuated from near the base to the
apex; appendix very narrow; nervures prominent, punctured, first sector
forked once at the basal third, where a transverse nervure unites it with the
simple second sector, thus forming one small basal, two long discal, and four
short apical areolets; costal areole broad. Clavus with two nervures, the
inner short and curved inwards to the suture, but little behind the point of
the scutellum; first two sectors of the wings united in one before their end;
third sector forked on its apical fourth and united to the second by an oblique
nervure; supernumerary cell present. Legs normal; basal joint of the pos-
terior tarsi exceeding in length the two following,

Color: Male.—Head pale dull fulvous yellow, clearer on the central line
of the vertex and near the ocelli; extreme tip with a small black point and
another adjoins each ocellus without; front with a brown longitudinal vitta
each side. Eyes black, pronotum dusky. whitish, with three paler longitudi-
nal lines, the lateral somewhat oblique. Scutellum pale yellowish white,
with a short, oblique, brown line near each basal angle in continuation of the
inner claval nervure. Elytra subhyaline, dull subopalescent or milky-white;
nervures brown, dotted with white, paler at apex. Wings whitish hyaline,
iridescent; nervures brown and conspicuous. Beneath black, pectoral pieces
edged without with pale. Abdomen black, connexivum and edge of the
segments pale; apex of the genital pieces whitish. Legs soiled white, apex
of the tarsal joints and lower face of the posterior tibia embrowned.

Female.—Head, pronotum and scutellum dull white, tinged with yellow;
frontal vittze pale salmon color, or sometimes wanting, Tergum and all be-
neath soiled white; base of the tergum, and occasionally a few spots on the
sternum, black; first two sectors of the wings pale and indistinct, otherwise
like the male.

Genital pieces: Male.—Valve wanting, plates long, narrowed above to
the obtusely rounded tips; with a few scattering hairs.

Female.—Last ventral segment longer than wide; apex straight, with a
minute central notch. Pygofers broad, not produced at the apex; a little
shorter than the ovipositor, fringed with a few short hairs.

Described from one male (No. 629) and two female (No. 277)
specimens. Superficially, this insect bears a marked resemblance to
Tettigonia tripunctata Fitch, although the two species are very dis-
tinct structurally. It differs from the genus /assus as restricted by
Stal in the simple neuration of the elytra and the consequent less
number of apical areoles, the convex front, the narrower clypeus,
and the elongated antennal sete, and probably forms the type of a
distinct genus. It has much the form of /assus gratiosus Span. as
figured by its author (Of. K. Vet. Ak. Forh. Vol. 36, No. 6, p. 25,
plate 16, fig. 10, 1879), but is shorter and differs by most of the

characters given above as separating it from Stal’s genus. It is cer-
tainly a very interesting addition to the Jassid fauna of N. America.
The opalescence of the elytra is much more manifest in some exam-
ples than in others, but otherwise there seems. to. be but little ten-
dency to variability in the species.

4. Scaphoideus scalaris n. sp.

Smaller and less robust than .S. zmistus Say, which it approaches in
ornamentation. Pale testaceous, varied with brown; elytra whitish hyaline,
with brown nervures and areolar spots. Length about 5 mm.

Head narrower than the pronotum, forming an almost regular equilateral
triangle, the posterior margin deeply arcuated, vertex horizontal, apex ob-
tuse, passage to the front rounded. Front long and narrow, sides nearly
rectilinear, a little incurved at the apex. Clypeus narrow, widened at the
rounded apex, which moderately surpasses the cheeks. Lorze as wide as the
clypeus. Cheeks broad, feebly angled opposite the middle of the lorze, with
which they coalesce before reaching the clypeus. Antennze about as in 777-
mistus. Hind margin of the pronotum straight, latero-posterior margins more
oblique than in the allied species, and the lateral angles more prominent.

Color pale testaceous. Vertex with a transverse brown spot anterior to
the middle, behind which a broad whitish shade runs to the hind margin,
bisected longitudinally by a fine brown line and obscurely margined with the
same color; posterior to this brown mark is a similar, but slightly oblique one
on either side of the central whitish line, extending outwardly from its margin
nearly to the anterior angle of the eye; anterior margin of the vertex with an
angulated brown line, beyond which on the extreme edge are five whitish
spots, three on the apex and one adjoining each ocellus, or these may be re-
duced to a single arcuated spot each side of the apex. Temples alternated
with brown and white. Face pale testaceous, embrowned beneath the eyes,
front brown, with the central and lateral transverse lines and the margin pale,
or pale, with transverse brown lines more or less confluent above. Base of
the antennz pale, second joint with a brown ring, setze brown, paler at base.
Rostrum pale, tip black; pronotum alternated with brown and cinereous on
the anterior margin; disc obscurely irrorate with pale, and with an indistinct
pale central line. Scutellum obscurely varied with pale testaceous and cine-
reous, sometimes with brown spots on the basal angles. Elytra whitish hya-
line, faintly obscured with pale fulvous in about three transverse clouds; ner-
vures and the centre of some of the discal areoles on the corium pale brown;
two short transverse nervures beyond the apex of the costal area, two others
on the sutural margin beyond the tip of the clavus, and the broad apex fus-
cous, sutural margin of the clavus with three small fuscous spots, one on its
extreme tip and another on the apex of each claval nervure. Wings hyaline,
iridescent; nervures fuscous. Beneath pale tescaceous, faintly embrowned
on the middle of the pectoral pieces and on the sides of the ventral segments.
Tergum fuscous, the incisures and margins pale. Legs soiled white, the lower
surface of the femora obscurely clouded with pale brown; tip of the tibiz,
the tarsal joints, and a minute point at the base of the tibial spines on the
posterior feet blackish.

Genital pieces: Male.—Last ventral segment broadly excavated on the
posterior margin. Valve short, occupying the concavity of the hind mar-
gin of the last ventral segment; its posterior edge but feebly convex, with
a minute central tooth. Plates flat, rather long-triangular, their edges almost
straight, above abruptly narrowed to long, slender, flaccid tips, clothed at
their apex with soft white hairs. Pygofers much longer than the plates,
thickly beset with long, stout, brown bristles.

Female.—Penultimate ventral segment narrowed at the middle, the ulti-
mate long, rounded toward the apex, which is truncated and compressed
against the sides of the pygofers; surface finely punctured. Pygofers long
and narrow, clothed with stiff bristles.

Described from six individuals representing both sexes (No.
605 male, No. 623 female). This neat little species is very closely
allied to .S. consors Uhl., but appears to be sufficiently distinct. It is
quite variable in the shade of the ground color, and in the depth
and extent of the dark markings, especially on the abdomen.

The genus Scaphotdeus has been recently characterized by Mr.
Uhler in the ‘‘ Trans. of the Maryland Academy of Sciences for
1888, p. 33 (1889),’’ and by M. Provancher in his “‘ Petit Faune
Ent. du Canad. Vol. 3, p. 276.’’ It agrees with 7hamnotettix and
Phlepsius in wanting the second short transverse nervure connecting
the inner branch of the first sector with the second sector, and by
this same character may be separated from Platymetopius, with
which it seems to be nearly parallel. Its true position will doubtless
be found between the two former genera which it serves in a measure
to connect. It is distinguished from all other genera of the /Jass7d@
known to me by its elongated antennal sete.

(To be continued. )

Regarding Stenopodius flavidus.

The remarks of Prof. Smith on this insect in Vol. V of Ent,
AMER. p. 122, have reminded me of an observation I made while
in Arizona which tends to disprove the correctness of Dr. Horn’s
surmise that the species is subaquatic in its habits. I captured two
specimens of this remarkable insect on a low plant (one of the 7/a/-
vacee | believe) at least three miles from any water. Their presence
in such a situation leads to the belief that they can hardly be sub-
aquatic, as it is doubtful if two specimens would travel so far from
water over such an exceedingly dry country and come to rest on the
same plant. These two specimens were all I ever saw. Taken at
Winslow, Ariz., in early July. H. F. WICKHAM.

NOTES ON SOME SCOLYTIDS.

BY JOHN B. SMITH.

During the early days of April I found opportunity to study
several species of Scolytide still in their burrows. Some of these
species have not yet been satisfactorily determined. To Mr. E. A.
Schwarz I owe the identification of species here treated of.

Chramesus icoriz Lec.

Quite common in Hickory twigs from three-fifths to one inch

‘n diameter. The burrows are mainly in the wood and just traced
on the bark. The main channel made by the imago is clean, up-
right, usually about an inch in length, with an enlargement at one
side, usually at the top, but quite frequently also at the bottom,
enabling the parent beetle to turn in the burrow. The form shown
in the annexed figure is characteristic and observable in all speci-
mens. From each side of this
main gallery arise the larval
galleries, which are always
closely packed with the saw-
dust made by the larva. These
galleries vary greatly in length;
some, containing a fully grown
larva, being scarcely a third of
the length of others containing
larve no whit larger. They
start from the main gallery at
right angles, but usually turn
Fy up or down almost immediately

if at either extreme of the gal-

lery, or as soon as they get

beyond the range of the preceding gallery. It is comparatively
rare that there is a crossing of galleries; often there will be scarcely
a shaving between them. Rarely a larva will get tired of mining
across the grain, and will strike boldly upward or downward cross-
ng whatever is in the way to get a free space. When the larva is
fully grown the gallery is rather abruptly widened as a pupal cham-
ber. At this date, April, none of the larva have transformed, but
they have ceased feeding. The figure will show the appearance of
the galleries. The larva is curculionid in form, pure white, about
one-sixteenth of an inch in length, and with a brown, chitinous
head, usually retracted so as to show only the mandibles. The form

of the head is indicated in the annexed figure. There are two ocelli
on each side, very distinctly shown; the mandibles are very stout,
curved, with a broad gouge-like cutting face, somewhat irregularly
serrate or dentate, the opposing edges meeting accurately. The
maxilla is broad, fleshy, furnished with a double series of stout,
longer and shorter spines. The palpus is 3-jointed, the joints
smooth, short and stout. The labial palpi are 2-jointed, the basal
joint broad and flat, not visible, except on careful examination, the
terminal joint obtuse; the other features are scarcely characteristic
enough to describe, and the figure will give a good idea of the
mouth parts.

HYPOTHENEMUS Westw.

This genus deserves the careful study of a specialist, judging
from my observations made on the biological side of the matter.
From grape stems, infested by Phymatodes amenus, I bred also a
series of Scolytids making perfectly straight, longitudinal galleries,
and occasionally boring a clean hole to the pith. Two-sized speci-
mens differing in form and vestiture were found, which I accepted
as male and female, and these Mr. Schwarz named as 4. dissimzlis
for the more robust form, and 7. evuditus (large form, hispidulus
Lec.) for the slighter form. I was convinced we had here the two
sexes of one species, but such occurrences in the Scolytids are not
rare, i.e., where male and female are described as specifically dis-
tinct, and I thought nothing of it. All the galleries seemed made
by the imagos and I saw no trace of larve.

Some few days later, in cutting oak branches, I ran across a lot
of small twigs which had the centre hollowed out, and, rammed up
at one end, a line of beetles varying in number from three to six;
there were no larval galleries, and the infested twigs were only about
double the diameter of the inclosed beetles. There were here also
two sizes represented, and altogether they closely resembled the
grape species. I sent them to Mr. Schwarz, and in due time re-
ceived a return; the larger specimens, H. azss¢mzlis; the smaller,
FH. erectus. These two forms in oak I am also convinced are sexes
of one species, though what the exact relation of the evecfus in oak
to the eruditus (hispidulus) of the grape may be I will not venture
to state. Unless polygamy exists among Scolytids I will not ven-
ture to guess why the males to both evudztus and erectus seemed to
be disstmi/is.

About the same time I found, with Chramesus icori@, in smaller
branches of the same trees a small species making a somewhat dis-

tinctive gallery, a figure of which is also hereto annexed. In each
case there is a very irregular main gallery, from which branch off
in all directions and at very irregular intervals, short,
irregular galleries. Usually there is, in about the centre
of the system a loop, connecting two main series and
giving origin to several larval galleries radiating in all
directions. At the time I collected the twigs the beetles
were quiescent in the side galleries. The galleries
seemed uniform in diameter throughout, and were in
the wood rather than the bark. At about the same time
I found in the stems of oak cut for Elaphidion larva, a
very similar species with galleries very much the same,
but much more numerous and much less definite for that
reason. Two sizes were represented here also, but all of
them less than half the size of the grape or other oak
species. These also I sent to Mr. Schwarz, and in due
time received the legend: ‘‘ 7 eruditus West. a little larger than
typical form,’’ and “‘ A. eruditus West. typical size.’? Here my
faith ends! I feel certain that Azspzdulus Lec. is not eruditus Westw.,
and I am as certain as any one can well be from field work merely,
that disstmilis Zimm. and hispidulus Lec. do refer to sexes of the
same form. Where erectus Lec. may go I am not so certain, but
if it be distinct from Azspzdulus, then the male cannot be the dzs-
similis Zimm.

The ‘‘ Ultimate Larva’’ of Platypsyllus.
BY GEO. H. HORN, M. D.

In the February ENToMoLoGiIca Dr. Riley describes what he
calls the ‘‘ ultimate larva’’ with so many details very greatly different
from those previously described by him and myself in what, for
convenience, I will call the ‘‘ penultimate larva,’’ that I have thought
it advisable to direct attention to them.

It may be stated axiomatically that the larve of coleoptera,
more particularly in their final period, develop foward the imago
without any abrupt changes, which cause them to differ do¢h from an
earlier stage and from the imago.

The so-called ‘‘ ultimate larva’’ violates the above proposition
in many important particulars, but for present purposes the head is
alone taken for review.

In the larva and imago of Platypsyllus the head is of semicir-
cular outline, the broadest portion being the base. In the ‘‘ ultimate

larva’ the head is of triangular form with curved sides and rounded
angles, broadest across the front.

In the larva and imago there is no trace of eyes or ocelli, while
there are two ocelli on each side in the ‘‘ ultimate larva.’’

No labrum, whatever, exists in the larva, and but a doubtful
rudiment in the imago, while the ‘‘ ultimate larva’ has a rather
large, well-developed labrum.

The mandibles of the larva are slender, lancet-like, while none
exist in the imago; the ‘‘ ultimate larva’’ has a bidentate and normal-
looking mandible, according to the description and figure.

The antennz in the larva are situated at or slightly under the
hind angles of the head, in the imago very decidedly in the latter
position, but in the ‘‘ ultimate larva’’ they become frontal!

Although I have not seen Dr. Riley’s specimen, I am satisfied
(if his larva is a Platypsyllus at all) that figure ‘‘c,’’ p. 28, repre-
sents the underside of the head and not the front, the antennz
slightly within the hind angles by the drying of the specimen, while
the somewhat triangular area at the centre of the head is the limit
of the buccal cavity, as may be inferred by an examination of pre-
viously published figures. I am equally certain that neither the so-
called labrum nor mandibles can be demonstrated in the position in
which he represents them, in any Platypsy//us larva in any stage.

It is highly probable that Dr. Riley’s descriptions were made
from a dried specimen requiring much manipulation for study, and
that the real mouth parts, very soft at best, have become shrunken
beyond recognition.

To me it is incomprehensible that an ‘‘ ultimate larva’’ should
present such radical differences from the larva from which it has
developed and from the imago toward which it is developing.

In conclusion, I will ask a careful comparison of previous fig-
ures published by Dr. Riley and myself with that of the “ultimate
larva’ as given on p. 28. That there has been a grave blunder in one
or the other is, I think, indisputable, and I feel very willing to leave
the matter to the inference of students of insect morphology.

The fearless and excellent young Lepidopterist, Mr. Doherty,
who has been collecting for me for the past two years in Borneo,
Malayan peninsula, Naga hills of Assam and surrounding countries,
has added fresh laurels to his fame by constantly making new dis-
coveries. Some of the types just described in the Entomological
Society of Bengal adorn my collection. Many of his highly inter-
esting letters read like the adventures of a Stanley, and I shall pub-
lish extracts from them from time to time. B. NEUMOEGEN.

Description of the Larva of Thymalus fulgidus Er.

BY WM. BEUTENMUELLER.

Color: body above and below sordid white. Head light brown,
mandibles and cervical shield piceous, as is also the anal process.

Head subglobose, shining, smooth; anterior portion somewhat
narrower than the posterior. yes five on each side, minute. CZy-
peus transverse, much broader than long, sides somewhat oblique.
Labrum about one-third the size of the clypeus, anterior margin
rounded. JZandibles short, stout, apex obtusely bifid. Antenne
very short, 4-jointed, first and second joints thick, third joint shorter,
last joint slender, more elongate, with a short process at the base.

Maxillg elongated, lobe rounded at the apex, with a few bristles.
Maxillary palpi 3-jointed, not extending beyond the lobe, first and
second joints same size, subglobose, third joint more slender. La-
dium quadrate, as broad as long. Ladzal palpi 3-jointed, all of
about equal width, subcylindrical, first joint stout, second joint more
slender, third joint rounded at the apex.

Body elongate, convex above, somewhat flattened beneath; pos-
terior extremity with a short fork-life process with a few small tu-
bercles. Thoracic feet short. The body, up to about the fourth
segment, is of equal width, then becoming somewhat broader, last
segment tapering; on the body above are three rows of depressed
spots and two rows beneath.

Length about 6mm. Width about 3 mm.

Puja sordid white, subfusiform, body tapering to a blunt point
at the posterior extremity, which is provided with two short tuber-
cles. Each segment laterally is furnished with a short tubercle, and
on the body above are three rows of small, elevated spots on each
side. Thorax smooth, shining, anterior margin truncate, with the
head bending downward. Antennz, wing-cases and legs free.

Length 6mm. Width 3 mm.

Lives in numbers in a large species of white fungus growing on
trunks of prostrated white birch trees. The eggs are deposited late
in fall and emerge the following spring. The larva becomes full
grown in May. According to Chapius et Candeze (Mem. Soc.
Liege viii, p. 417, 1855) the larva of 7hymalus limbatus of Europe,
is found under the bark of wild plum apparently living exclusively
upon the woody substance.

3*

A HINT TO COLLECTORS.

The present season promises to be an early one, and Lepidop-
terists, especially, should be on the lookout for the early moths. |
Many of our rarest species are extremely early flyers. The bom-
byciform noctuzde, like Feralia and its close allies, fly in March and
April. Wherever the electric lights are conveniently located it will
pay to keep a close watch on them.

In a little book by Fritz Ruhl, ‘‘ Der Kéderfang der Europe-
ischen Macrolepidopteren,’’ I notice a dodge that was new to me,
and may be to many of our readers. He says diurnals may be at-
tracted in numbers if, in the vicinity of favorite resorts, some twigs
and leaves convenient for the collector, be smeared with Limburger
cheese! The butterflies are very fond of this, ahd may be easily
approached and taken. The method is certainly worthy of trial. The
early blossoms should not escape attention during the evening, and
sugaring will pay. Mr. Ruhl says that a few drops of sulphuric
ether to the sugaring mixture adds greatly to its effect.

For the easy recognition of sugared trees when making the
rounds, a piece of white paper stuck on a twig is suggested.

Mr. Lugger writes us among other things: ‘‘I shall collect
all the Lachnosterna I can by beating, as no electric lights are near
by, and those in the city are a nuisance, being over 100 feet above
the streets. I always thought that the invention of electric lights
was simply and solely made in the interest of Entomology—not to
enlighten entomologists, but to furnish him with specimens. Another
illusion gone!’’

Poor Mr. Lugger, we can understand his feelings! It has oc-
curred to us, that we have seen at lights high in air, some desirable
moths circling round without a chance to coax them within reach.

>

Mr. William Schaus, Jr., the clever and enthusiastic young Le-
pidopterist, left London for Brazil, about three months ago, on an
extended collecting tour for objects of natural history. As he is
assisted by young Baron Rothchild, genius and money will undoubt-
edly contribute to make the interesting trip a perfect success.

B. NEUMOEGEN.

CRESSONIA HYPERBOLA pn. var.

BY ANNIE TRUMBULL SLOSSON.

I give the above name to a very striking form of C. juglandis
found by me last Spring in Florida. My one specimen is a female,
much smaller than the usual form, and even a little smaller than any
male in my collection. The coloration is very pale and uniform,
somewhat like that of Mr. Strecker’s pad//ens, but with a purplish
tinge. But the distinctive peculiarity of this form lies in the course
which the two median lines take. The upright basal line is as usual,
except that it is somewhat diffuse; the next spoken of by writers in
their descriptions of juglandis as ‘‘at basal third and more nearly
perpendicular to costa’’ than the basal line, runs as usual until just
below vein two (medio posterior), when it joins the third line. This
third runs as in the ordinary form, from outer third of costa, curving
obliquely inward, but grows abruptly more oblique and meeting the
second line, the two form a loop, which lies on and below vein two.’
The lower part of the usual median lines is entirely wanting, as is
also the dark shade between them, which, in the ordinary form,
makes a patch upon inner margin. The outer line parallel with
second median is present and distinct; the peculiar loop, open to
costa and taking the place of the usual transverse median lines, gives
the wing a striking and unfamiliar look, and suggests the varietal
name I give to this form. The secondaries have but one transverse
line, the usual inner one being absent. My specimen was taken at
light in Green Cove Springs, on the St. John’s River, Florida.

f

SPECIAL NOTE.

In accordance with custom, numbers 1, 2 and 3 are sent to all
our old subscribers; but no future numbers will be sent without sub-
scription first received. We would respectfully urge our friends to
remit promptly and to try and persuade others to subscribe. The
greater the income the better the paper; we aremot looking for divi-
dends, but support, and we really ought to receive it at the hands of
the entomological*public.

To facilitate matters we would beg the attention of correspon-
dents and exchanges to the notices on the second page of cover.

——6O—

SOCIETY NEWS.

Meeting Jan. 7, 1890.—Twenty-one persons.present. Capt. T. L. Casey
presiding. Reports of the Treasurer and Assistant Editor respectively, for
the year ending Dec. 31, 1889, were read and accepted. Col. William C.
Beecher, of 123 Columbia Heights, a member of the Institute, was elected a
member of the Department. The election of officers was postponed until
the first meeting in May, to correspond with the other departments of the
Institute. The election of editor or editors was laid over until the February
meeting. Mr. Roberts opened the scientific discussion by exhibiting speci-
mens of Deronectes Hydroporus and Dineutes and pointed out differences of
structure existing in individuals now associated under one species in each of
these genera, which differences from their constancy seemed to indicate that
they in fact belonged to distinct species. Mr. Hulst was appointed to read a
paper at the next meeting. Mrs. A. T. Slosson presented to the Society <j
and 2 specimens of Sezrarctia echo, which were accepted with thanks.

Meeting Feb. 4, 1890.—Thirty-four persons present. Capt. T. L. Casey,
President, in the chair. Mr. Henry S. Woodman explained a method of
preparation and mounting of entomological specimens for microscopic pur-
poses. Pasteboard rings could be readily made by using two gun-wad punches
differing in diameter of cut, say one-eighth of an inch, the outer edge being
cut first. A glass slide was then placed upon a turn-table and the’ balsam ap-
plied in the usual manner, but always slightly larger than the cut on account
of the shrinkage of the balsam in drying. No solicitation need be felt on ac-
count ot air bubbles, which in time would disappear. The cut was laid in
position by a pair of tweezers and then adjusted by a needle point applied to
its inner edge, after which more balsam was added until it projected above
the cut. The object to be examined was then deposited in the balsam and
arranged under a lens, with the needle point, after which a cover-glass of
smaller diameter than that of the cut was placed over the balsam, and the
edges made to correspond by a short spatula-like steel blade, the cover-glass
being then firmly pressed upon the cut, which completed the work. — Prof.
Smith added that by boiling the balsam on the glass over a flame, all air bub-
bles were immediately expelled, the balsam was hardened, and the slide
could be used forthwith.

Dr. Zabriskie presented a double-sided case devised by himself for con-
taining botanical specimens. The two sides being of equal size, joined by a
hinge at the back. Two rows of cards of three each, upon which the speci-
mens were glued, exactly filled each side, the upper edges of the upper row
and the lower edges of the lower row being inserted in a groove running along
the top and bottom of the cases, while the edges of the cards where they
came in contact in the middle were prevented from displacement by a retaining
bar, consisting of a flat narrow strip of wood, one end of which could be fitted
in a cavity, in the side of the case, and the other fastened by passing over a
small spring. The bar could be released by pressing back the spring, and
cards rearranged if desired.

The cases contained twelve specimens of portions of the stems and leaves
of Rosa carolina and lucida, affected by several species of Cynipidze and ex-
hibiting nearly all the effects produced by the several species of these insects
upon the wild rose in this locality.

Mr. Meeske presented to the cabinet a cocoon and pupa of Samia cynthia
filled with partially developed ichneumons, and a number of specimens of
the perfect ichneumon. A. C. WEEKS,

Rec. Secretary.

%
ANE x
yy

TON OG lee
AMERICANA

YOU. VI. BROOKLYN, APRIL, 1890, No. 4.

NEW BEAUTIES FROM NEAR AND FAR.
BY B. NEUMOEGEN.

Parnassius smintheus, var. nanus.—Prominent entomologists
of both hemispheres arrived at the conclusion years ago, that the
P. intermedius Mén. and the P. smintheus Doubl.-Hew. of this
country are one and the same insect. Typical specimens from
western Siberia, which I possess, do not leave the least doubt as to
this fact. The Parnassidze of eastern Siberia, Ochotsk, Kamts-
chatka, migrated centuries ago across Behring Straits, settling from
Alaska down the Rocky Mountain range as far as the borders of
New Mexico.

P. eversmanni, which was first discovered at Kanska and
Ochotsk, was obtained in moderate numbers at Nicolajewsk in the
last few years, and is the same insect as the one found in Alaska,
especially in the Yukon country. Even its female variations, named
P. wosnesenskit by Ménetries, and P. thor by Hy. Edwards respec-
tively, are synonyms, thus substantiating the migration theory. As
the northern and southern climate of our ‘‘ Rockies’’ vary consider-
ably, some variations of P. smintheus have developed, but they re-
main true to our country, and deserve proper denomination.

One of the prettiest variations in its way, which was found by
Capt. Geddes, near Fort Calgarry, some years ago, and lately by
the botanists of Dr. Dieck, the owner of the renowned Arboretum
at Zoeschen, Germany, at Spence’s Bridge, both places being in
British Columbia, I have named var. zanus. It is the smallest kind
of smzntheus found in America and exceedingly pretty.

It is of the sedakovit order, but more pronounced. In the $
not a vestige of red is left, either on primaries or secondaries. The

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERIACNA. VOL. VI. 5 APRIL, 1890

——jo—

apex of primaries and the greater part of the exterior margin are of
vitreous scales. The only markings on secondaries being the black
basal margin fading out towards median cell, and a prominent discal
spot.

The females are of the hermodur order—dark, the entire apical
and outer marginal part being transparent on primaries; the two sub-
costal red spots always looking faded. No other red markings on
primaries. Secondaries are equally dark and vitreous along exterior
margin; the red ocelli marked with whitish centres and all the black
delineations prominent. Expanse of wings: 8, 134 inch.; 9, 178
inch.

Our present nomenclature of P. s7zntheus stands as follows

* Parn. smintheus Doubl.-Hew.
- intermedius Mén.
Var. behrii Edw., Nevada, Utah.
- War. sedakovii Mén., Colorado.
- Var. hermodur Hy. Edw., Colorado.
» Var. zanus Neumoegen, British Columbia and Montana.

I do not understand why the var. sedakoviz, where there are no
red markings in primaries and at times some in a universal way only
in secondaries, has never been mentioned in any of our catalogues.
It is to be found in the canyons of middle and south Colorado, ang
occasionally in Montana and British Columbia.

Arctia dieckii nov. spec.

Head, palpi and orbit of eyes black; black vertex between the antenne,
which are bi-serrate and entirely black. Thorax yellowish white, with two
prothoracic dots and three large thoracic maculations of black color. Palpi
hairy; abdomen and legs black. Primaries black; costa has a yellowish
white edge from base to about apex; inner margin narrowly edged with yel-
lowish white from base to over half its extension. Fringes alternately yel-
lowish white and black. Markings of yellowish white as follows: the usual
horizontal broad line from base to within outer margin; two transverse lines
divergent on costa, but nearing each other, the anterior line resting on hori-
zontal streak; between the anterior transverse line and outer margin the usual
zigzag line from costa to horizontal streak, forming the two irregular, trian-
gular fields; two irregular small spots, costal and subcostal respectively, be-
tween base and interior line. Secondaries and fringes entirely black, with the
following markings of yellowish white color; around disc irregular, small
blotches enclosing it in semicircular shape and extending somewhat towards
exterior margin; an irregular submedian spot. Beneath the markings are the
same. On secondaries there is another irregular blotch of yellowish white
between base and discal ornamentation. Expanse of wings 1% inch. Length
of body % inch.

Habitat.—Spence’s Bridge, British Columbia.
Type coll. B. Neumoegen.

—oe—

_ This insect belongs to the deferminata group, from which it is
easily distinguished by its black body and antenne, its intense black
color of wings and its larger size.

Collected by the botanists of Dr. Dieck, of Zoeschen, Germany,
in whose honor I have named it.

Spningicampa bisecta var. zedz/osa n. var.

My indefatigable collaborator, Mr. Doll, has raised this charm-
ing insect. It is a 9 of large size, and is heavily powdered with
grains of blackish brown color.

On primaries the diagonal line from apex to the basal centre of
interior margin is very prominent, forming a conspicuous line of
blackish brown, the space between this line and exterior margin
being especially powdered, somewhat fading towards margin. Discal
spot prominent and suffused with grains of blackish brown. Sec-
ondaries of a rich yellow with a beautiful roseate basal hue fading
towards centre.

Type coll. B. Neumoegen.

Horama jalapensis n. sp.

Head black; palpi creamy white; orbit of eyes black. Antennz black,
with whitish tips; a vertical spot of creamy white between antennz. Patagice
and thorax scaled with creamy white spots. Abdomen black, with segments
of creamy white, the segment near thorax being broken up in creamy white
spots. Legs heavily tufted, as in fearana. The tuft of black color with
stem and tips of creamy white hair. Primaries and secondaries, and fringes
of uniform grayish black color above and below. By these peculiarities this
insect is easily distinguished from Horama texana. Expanse of primaries
1% inch. Length of body 3 inch.

Flabitat.—Jalapa, Mexico. Collected by Mr. Wm. Schaus, Jr.

Type coll. B. Neumoegen.

SYNTOMID-.
Genus IRA Neumoegen.

Wings of the peculiar shape of Syxtomis, but not vitreous.
Secondaries extremely narrow, ovate-lanceolate, about one-third the
size of primaries. From base to apex of secondaries, traversing
submedian nerves, a semi-vitreous, very distinct fold. Head rather
small, free. Eyes prominent; palpi distinct, with acute terminal
joint. Antenne biserrate. Body slender, not quite the size of
primaries. Legs slender, without tibial spurs.

The characteristic of this genus is its intense rose color of wings,
thorax and body, the anal half of latter being dark black, much
resembling some South American Zygenids in its ornamentation.
It is a native of Cuba and very rare, as Dr. J. Gundlach has only
found this one insect in his forty years’ researches.

—64—

Ira gundlachiana n. sp.

Head and orbit of eyes black; palpi white; a white vertical spot between
antennze, which are moderate, bi-serrate and of brown color. Thorax and
patagize of rose color, with indications of black centre line, tipped in white.
Abdomen above, thoracical half of beautiful rose color, anal half black, with
slight rose colored tuft; below, entirely white, with black segments. Legs
white. with black spots, especially discernible in posterior tibiae. Primaries
nearly three times as large as secondaries, of the most beautiful, intense rose
color. Costa, anterior and half of inner margin narrowly edged with black;
between costa and exterior margin a large, apical, triangular field, with two
distinct, white, centre spots; an irregular, nearly reniform-shaped bulge on
lesser half of exterior margin, resting with its point on apex of inner margin,
with a white centre spot. The nerves of anterior edge ot median disc tinged
in black and resting on them a small, irregular, black discal spot. Seconda-
ries of the same rose color, irregularly triangular shaped, and more drawn
out towards apex; about one-third the size of primaries, margined with black
and containing irregular, small, white, centre spots on anal margin. From
base to apex a straight, semi-transparent fold or groove through wing, divid-
ing it, as it were, in two fields; upper edge of fold slightly tinged with a black
line, which becomes more prominent and irregular at conjunction with apical
margin; centre line of this so-called groove of whitish tinge; beneath the
same markings as above. Expanse of primaries 1% inch. Expanse of sec-
ondaries % inch. Length of body 4 inch.

Flabitat.—Plantation Jagey, southeast Cuba.

This gorgeous Syztomid, resembling the Zygznid genus JZetro-
phila of South America, was discovered by Dr. J. Gundlach about
three years ago. He has graciously left to me the task of describing
it, and I thought it only a small token of my gratitude towards a
life-long tutor and friend, to call it after him.

eee
Paris, Feb. 9, 1890.

DEAR S1r:—Having had an opportunity of examining an orig-
inal type of Zeller’'s Pempelia fetrella, Isis 1846, p. 771, and 1848,
p. 886; V. z.-b. Ges. 1872, p. 545 (99), I find it is the same species
described by Walker under the name of 7rachonitis erectalis, so that
this latter name must give way to Zeller’s.

To the Catalogue of N. A. Species I add A/yelots grossipunctella
Rag., a very interesting species submitted to me by Mr..C. VV" Riles,
who informed me that the larva has been detected in California living
predaceously on the ‘‘fluted scale,’’ or ‘‘ cottony cushion-scale’’
( erya purchast ), adding that it has probably been introduced from
Australia. I described the species from a specimen in Guenée’s
collection which bore no.indication of origin.

Yours truly,

E. RAGONOT.

—65—
SYNOPSES OF CERAMBYCID.

BY CHARLES W. LENG, B. S.

(Continued from p. 13, vol. vi.)

LEPTURINI.

This tribe contains a great number of species which occur on
flowers, and are usually prettily colored and clothed with fine pu-
bescence. The charcters in which they agree are those of the fourth
division of Cerambycine, stated in our last paper and the following:
palpi always unequal, the maxillary elongated; mandibles flat, acute,
and fringed on the inner margin; legs slender and never very short.
Three divisions may be first made.

First joint of hind tarsi with the usual brush of hair beneath (except in-cer-
tain Acmzeops); prothdrax usually armed, or tuberculate at sides.
Prosternum prominent Ifetween the coxze; antennze short, thickened ex-

Penneally va) 73' 4.4! 6 5 5 ., 3) at al aay
Prosternum not prominent, front coxee cance: Oromiberane: bead not sud-
denly constricted behind; antenne slender. . . . . . . Toxoti.

First joint of hind tarsi without brush-like sole; prosternum not prominent;
head strongly and suddenly constricted behind; eyes finely granu-
lated, deeply emarginate; antennz slender. . . . . . Lepture.

RHAGIUM Fabricius.

R. lineatus Oliv., Ent. iv, 69, p. 13, t. 3, fig. 22; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, p.
58; Harris, Ins. Mass., p. 93, etc.

Length 13—20 mm. = .54—.80 inch. AHaditat.—Sitka; N. Y., Va., N. C.,
Mass., Mich., Me., Md., La., Pa., Lake Sup., N. Mex., Or., Vanc.,
Idaho, Can., Ft. Simpson, Mackenzie River.

An abundant and peculiar species. The antenne are not as long
as head and thorax together, and the fifth and following joints are
decidedly stouter. The thorax is strongly and acutely armed at the
sides and bears a discoidal smooth space. The elytra bear three
smooth, strongly elevated costae. Color black, or partly brown,
mottled with lighter pubescence.

TOXOTI.
Eyes large, coarsely granulated; spurs terminal . . . . . . Centrodera.
Eyes smaller, coarsely granulated; spurs terminal. . . . . . Xylosteus.
Eyes variable; tibial spurs not terminal . . . . . ... . . . Toxotus.

Eyes finely granulated; tibial spurs terminal.
Prothorax acutely armed on the sides.

Eyes moderate, feebly emarginate . ... . . . . . . Pachyta.
Eyes large, strongly emarginate. . . . . . . . . . Anthophylax.
Eyes very small, entire. . . ys 3 FoR ADGRES
Prothorax obtusely angulated, or reueded'o on the aifics: eyes sui entire.
Mesosternum not protuberant ....... . . . . ACmeops.

Mesosternum protuberant . ......... . . . Gaurotes.

pak halo

The above arrangement of genera is copied from the ‘‘ Classifi-
cation.”’

CENTRODERA LeConte.

Prothoracic tubercle acute.

' Elytra unicolorous, truncate at tip. . -*. » » « Gecoloraia.
Elytra irregularly vittate and blotched; craneeds and slightly denisecan at
1) oa ee Rin MEME igh Pde Mel eet a a
Prothoracic tubercle Bpuise
Elytral pubescence arranged inlines. . . . . . . . . . sublineata.
Elytra uniformly pubescent 70." -.' 5° a, een ee

C. decolorata Harris, Injur. Ins. 1841, p. 93; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, 1 p. 325;
vubida, Hald., Trans. Am, Phil. x, p. 58; Proc..Ac. Phil iv, p.ja732:
Length 27% mm. = 1.10 inch. Aaditat.—N. Y., Mich., Can., Mass.

Eyes very prominent; antennz about as long as the body; pro-
thorax constricted and much narrower before the tubercle than be-
hind, channelled longitudinally on the disc; elytra at base nearly
twice as wide as thorax, slightly narrower posteriorly, coarsely punc- |
tured, confluently near base and more finely towards tip. The insect
is entirely rufotestaceous, very sparsely pubescent.

C. picta Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, 1847, p. 58.
Reneth 13mm. —..52 inch. A/@bitat—N. Wes Pa.) i5.1C.

Easily known by the smaller size and elytral coloring, which is
not caused by pubescence, but lies in the elytra. The antenne are
extremely slender, the thorax elongate, scarcely narrower in front
than behind, and the elytra are decidedly narrowed towards tip and
slightly sinuate behind the humeri. The pubescence is nearly as
sparse as in the preceding.

C. sublineata Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil., 1862, p. 4o.
Length 14 mm. = .56 inch. AHaditat.—N. C., Pa.

The pubescence is more abundant, and so arranged on the elytra,
which are very faintly costate, as to give the appearance of lines.
Prothorax with tubercle not prominent, somewhat obtuse, narrower :
in front and bearing a sharply-defined, median channel. Antennze
longer than the body 8, less slender than in preceding. Color dark
piceous.

C. nevadica Lec., S. M. C. No. 264, p. 205.
Length 17 mm. = .68 inch. /aditat.—Nev.

‘* By the obtuse tubercles of the prothorax this species resem-
bles C. suédineata, but the punctuation is finer, the prothorax is
scarcely narrower at tip than at base, and there is no appearance of
lines on the elytra.’’ (Lec.) Color, fusco-testaceous.

XYLOSTEUS Frivald.
X. ornatus Lec., S. M. C.,No. 264, p. 205.
Length 14 mm. = .56 inch. adztat.—Oregon.

Black, head and thorax densely, elytra more strongly punctured,
each with two yellow marginal spots. The antennz are about three-
fourths the length of the body (¢). The elytral spots are trans-
verse and directed towards each other in a diagonal direction, and
extend nearly one-half the breadth of the elytra. The genus is
hardly distinct from Centrodera.

TOXOTUS Seaville.

This genus is sharply defined by the spurs of the hind tibiz,
which are inserted at the base of a deep excavation instead of (as
usual) at the extreme end. The species are quite similar in form,
and all of considerable size. The thorax is constricted before and
behind, and tuberculate at the sides; the tubercle varies from a large
acute process in Schaumzz, to an obtusely rounded, scarcely evident
form in od¢usus. The elytra are sinuate at anterior third (not strongly
in cinanamopterus), and are usually obliquely truncate at tip. The
differences between the sexes are often quite marked, besides the
greater length of the antenne in 6. In Schaumi? the 9 is very
much larger, and in vtiger, virgatus, vestitus and obtusus, the ab-
domen is ferruginous in $, and wholly or partly dusky in 9. The
species may be separated by the following table, which has been
corrected by Dr. Horn:

Synoptic Table of Toxotus.

Elytra at apex obliquely truncate.
Third joint of antennz very decidedly longer than fourth.
Elytra unicolorous, black; body either yellow, or black; legs bicolored.
Schaumii.
Elytra rufo-testaceous, often varying to black; legs unicolored.
Eyes larger and more coarsely granulated; elytra not at all costate.
cinnamopterus.
Eyes smaller and less coarsely granulated; elytra vaguely costate.
vestitus.
Elytra bicolored, vittate.
Black, with basal, lateral and apical margins broadly rufo-testaceous;
Pe ns es en os i Es ke se OE
Black, with marginal and discal vittze yellow.
Discal vitta not reaching apex; species of larger size and robust facies.
flavolineatus.
Discal vitta entire; species smaller and of slender facies . trivittatus.
Rufc-testaceous, with sutural and discal black lines enclosing broad,
SOIICH TMDGSCEME Vila 6 Gs fe et es «68» SEGA

Third joint of antennz very little longer than fourth; elytra unicolorous,
black, varying to rufotestaceous; apex obliquely emarginate and

subbidentate . F527. 2. 9.08, aie = oP egeinieieains:
Elytra at apex obtusely rounded; disc not costate and scarcely pubescent.
obtusus.

T. Schaumii Lec., J. A. P. 1850, p. 320; Proc. Ac. Phil. 1862, p. 41.
Length 19 mm. = .76 inch. ¢; 25 mm. = I.00 inch. 2. Hadbitat.—Ohio,
Til, Vt., Can. .

Entirely black, finely pubescent, except the central part of
femora yellow. The elytra finely costate, and the black color shad-
ing into blue from the dense pubescence; var. croceus. Differs %
and @ in the color of the body, which is yellow, except the tibiz,
tarsi and antenne, from second joint outwards, which are black as
usual. I have this form from Vermont (Mr. Roberts) and northern
Illinois, where Mr. George P. Welles has taken it abundantly with
the black Schaumz7. Dr. LeConte mentions (Proc. Ac. Phil. 1862)
that the male is frequently yellow, but the yellow female appears to
have been unknown to him.

T. cinnamopterus Rand., Bost. Jour. II, 1838, p. 45; @scudi Hald., Trans. Am.
Philx847, x, ps 59:
Length to—13 mm, — .4c—.50 inch. Afab.—N. C., Ill., Mass., Pa.

Uniform pale fulvous in color, thorax darker, eyes large and
black. Elytra silky pubescent. The 6 is smaller, and the antennz
are slightly longer than in 9°.

T. vestitus Hald., 1. c.
Length 1o—15 mm. = .40—.60 inch. Aab.—Oreg., Cal., Vanc.

This species varies considerably in color, being rufo-testaceous,
with legs of the same color, or with the legs darker; or it may be
entirely black. The legs appear to be always black in black speci-
mens, and the head and prothorax are usually black. The elytra
are vaguely costate, and the pubescence, especially between the
cost, is arranged transversely.

Var. ater: I suggest the use of this name to distinguish the form,
which is entirely black.

T. nubifer Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 80.
Length 17.5 mm. = .7o inch. Mab.—Tejon, Cal.

This species I have not seen, and am indebted to Dr. Horn and to
Dr. LeConte’s description for the characters used in the table. The
original description is: ‘‘ Head black, punctate; thorax black, finely
punctate, constricted before and behind with a large, obtuse, lateral
tubercle; elytra with prominent humeri, gradually narrowed behind;
apex obliquely truncate inward; densely, but finely punctate and
rugose, blackish, with basal, lateral and apical margin rufo-piceous;
beneath black; abdomen, antennz, palpi and legs rufo-piceous.”’

T. flavolineatus Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1854, p. 18; Ent. Rep. 1857, p. 63.
Length 25 mm. = 1.00 inch. Hab.—Cal.

This species should be easily recognized by the size and char-
acters of the table. The discal vitta (/ide Lec.) is abbreviated in
front. .

T. trivittatus Say, J. A. P. II, p. 422, 1823; Bland, Proc. Ent. Soc. I, 1862, p.
270; vittiger Rand., 1838, l. c. p. 29; zigripes Hald., |. c.

Length 15—17 mm. = .6o—.68 inch. /7ab.—Can.., Mec NeV¥isPay N. TIL,
Miss.

This species has been known in collections generally under
Randall’s name viffiger, but Say’s date is fifteen years earlier. The
differences between the two have been summarized by Randall and
Bland as follows: viftiger, ground color black, third joint of an-
tenn longer than fifth; ¢rzv7tafus, ground color reddish yellow,
third joint of antennz about equal to fifth. Both characters are
found to vary in other species, and fide Dr. Horn there is only one
species.

T. virgatus Lec., Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. v, p. 67.

Length .16 mm. = .64 inch. Haé.—Mont., Or., Vanc., British Columbia.

This species resembles ves¢éfus in the arrangement of the elytral
pubescence, but differs by the black discal lines, between which the
pubescence is very abundant and often golden in color, making it a
very pretty insect. The discoidal vitta is narrower than in vettiger,
and does not descend to the inflexed portion.

T. cylindricollis Say, J. A. P. HI, 1823, p. 417; atratus Hald., 1. c.; dentipen-
nis Hald., 1. c.; Dej., Cat. 3 ed., p. 380; dives Newn., Ent. p. 68;
sericeus Knoch., in litt.

Length 22 mm. = .88 inch. Hab.—Pa., Ga., N. Y., TH. Can, TER cAtar.
Miss.

Rufous, elytra and tarsi darker. The tips of the elytra are ob-

liquely truncate, and the angles produced, subbidentate.

T. obtusus Lec., S. M. C. No. 264, 1873, p. 206.
Length 15 mm. = .60inch. Aas.—Yellowstone Basin.

Dr. LeConte’s description says ‘‘ differs from all the other species
before me by the less deeply constricted prothorax and more ob-
tusely rounded lateral tubercles; the eyes are smaller than usual and
finely granulated, but more convex than in vesfétws, with which it
agrees in this character; the third and fifth joints of the antennz are
equal, and the fourth joint is two-thirds as long. The pubescence
is extremely short and fine.’

y

(To be continued. )

A Melanic Argynnis Bellona.
BY P. J. SCHMITT.

A strongly-marked, melanic A4rgynnis bellona was captured here
during the last collecting season, and a description of it is herewith
given,

It differs from the normal form in these particulars : The basal
two-thirds of fore wings, upper and lower side, and upper side of
hind wings are black. There are a few scattered, fulvous scales at
the base of fore wings; on lower side they are slightly more numer-
ous. The outer third is fulvous, but on the fore wings this is much
sooted with black scales, especially towards the apex. The terminal
are confluent with the subterminal spots, forming a row of five, ob-
long marks. The veinlets terminate in oval, black blotches. On
the under side of the fore wings the fulvous outer third is very
strongly tinged with rusty brown, and the oval, terminal spots of
above are indistinct. On the hind wings the black of basal two-
thirds extends also narrowly along the veinlets to the outer margin;
a very distinctive feature. The terminal lunules are wanting, and
the subterminal spots diffuse. In the black a very slender streak of
fulvous scales indicates the position of the small vein closing the
cell. The lower side of the hind wings has no black, but differs
from the normal form by the absence of the usual pau markings,
or spots. Taken Sept. 11, 1889.

St. Vincent College, Pa.

Note on the season of Pleocoma behrensii Lec.—-Upon the roth,
20th and 22d of October, last, and while the second period of heavy
rain was at its height, I went forth in search of Pleocoma, and on
each of the above dates I was successful. I continued the search up
to the 27th of the same month, when I relinquished the pursuit, not
having met with a Pleocoma after the above-named dates. To-day,
the 19th of February, just four months after the first capture of the
season, a perfect, living 9 was brought to me, it having been dug
out of a bank of black adobe.—J. J. Rivers, University of Calif.

Herr Johann Fruhstorfer, a young German naturalist of Berlin,
has spent considerable time in collecting during the past year in
Ceylon. He was assisted by fourteen other collectors, Germans
and natives, and has succeeded in amassing a collection of insects
which he estimates as containing 25,000 Coleoptera, 7000 Lepid-
optera, 3000 Orthoptera, a like number of Neuroptera, and a thou-
sand of spiders and centipedes. He has also collected in Brazil and
Malacca, and in May expects to visit Java and Borneo. Many speci-
mens of his collecting will doubtless find a repository in German
museums. Fi Ee.

DESCRIPTION OF A NEW CYCHRUS.
BY J. J. RIVERS.

C. fuchsianus Rivers.—Form and general aspect of a large ventricosus.
Piceous black, moderately shining. Head moderately elongate, more or less
transversely wrinkled, a slight impression at middle of clypeal margin, lateral
ridge of genz rather deeply notched. Thorax cordate, or little wider than
long, deeply sinuate posteriorly, hind angles rectangular, median line distincty
impressed, apical impression moderate, basal transverse impression deep,
longitudinal impressions feeble, surface finely transversely wrinkled. Elytra
oval, more broadly in the female, striate, striz closely punctured, the alter-
nate intervals wider and with punctures as coarse as the strize, intermediate
intervals impunctate, inflexed portion of elytra rather coarsely, not deeply
punctured. Body beneath smooth, shining. Length .85—r.00 inch. ; 21.5—
25 inch.

The male has the first three joints of the anterior tarsi papillose
beneath as usual in the vertricosus group.

Closely related to ventricosus, but differs in the elytral sculpture.
The intervals in the latter species are equal and smooth; in this new
species are alternately wider, and the wide intervals are alone punc-
tate. At the sides the striz are so confused in the present species
as to render it impossible to count those on the outer third, while in
ventricosus the striz may be easily enumerated.

For some years I have had the @ of this insect in my collec-
tion as an undescribed species, but thought it allied to strzatopunc-
tatus by the alternating of the punctured intervals, but Mr. Charles
Fuchs having recently received three examples from Sonoma County,
two of which are males, I have been enabled to find its true position.
With the aid of Horn’s* ‘‘Synopsis of the species of Cychrus in-
habiting Boreal America,’’ it is evident, by the three papillose tarsal
joints that it belongs to the subgenus Brennas of Mots., and should
be placed next after C. ventricosus Dej., as the two forms have many
characters in common.

Occurs in Eldorado and Sonoma Counties, Cal.

The above description having been sent me by Mr. Rivers for
publication, I avail myself of the opportunity to make known a
second species. Geo. H. Horn, M. D.

C. merkelii Horn.—Form and general appearance of caxadensis, piceous-
black shining, elytra with distinct cupreo-violaceous lustre. Head and thorax
smooth, the latter cordate, a little broader than long, sides arcuate in front,
oblique posteriorly, hind angles very obtuse, disc slightly convex, apical trans-
verse impression faint, median line deeply impressed between the apical and

* Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. VII, December, 1878.

transverse basal line, the latter faint, longitudinal impressions of the angles
short and shallow. Elytra oval, one-fourth longer than wide, disc slightly
flattened, deeply striate, punctuation indistinct, not crenate, intervals convex,
smooth. Body beneath piceous-black, smooth, shining. Length .43 inch. ;
Ir mm.

This species belongs to the Spheroderis group, and is allied to
Sstenostomus and canadensis. The thorax is, relatively to the elytra,
smaller than in either of the above species, and more narrowed at
base, and differs especially in having the basal impressions faint and
short and absolutely without punctures. Its form is more slender
than either of the above-named species, and is not unlike Momaretus
bilobus.

One female specimen obtained from northern Idaho, and kindly
given me by Mr. Aug. Merkel, whose name I attach to it in recog-
nition of many favors.

NOTES ANG NEWS.

Even old scientists will commit indiscretions. Our old and
venerable friend, Dr. Ivan Gundlach, having persisted in wading
through the malarious swamps in the vicinity of the Aguadore River,
southeast Cuba, to discover new wonders, has paid the tribute of
human frailty. He has contracted a severe laryngial affection and
been ordered back to Havana by the physicians of Santiago. We
wish our friend, who will celebrate his 80th birthday next July, a
speedy recovery.

From Tatsienlou, Thibet, the mountain abode of the renowned
Abbé David, from whom Mr. Oberthiir received years ago those
wonderful lepidoptera described in his ‘‘ Etudes Entomologiques,”’
I receive shipments now by way of Europe. Many of the insects
are entirely new to science, and I shall refer to them in these columns
in the course of time.

Capt. Yankowsky has started on an extended tour up the Yang-
tse-Kiang River, Central China, and will go through western Sze-
chuen and Mount Oune, territories never before visited by any col-
lector. I have a share in the expedition, and hope for great spoils.

The rare Smerinthus cerysii and Platarctia parthenos have been,
last season, raised from the egg, and Prof: Braun will shortly pub-
lish their life-history.

The last two volumes of the ‘‘ Butterflies of Japan,’’ by the late
-Mr. Pryer, have just been published by the estate, and show what
an ardent and thorough-going scientist this gentleman was.

B. NEUMOEGEN.

Preparatory Stages of Arachnis picta Packard.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR.

EcGo.—Spherical, the base slightly more flattened than the sum-
mit. Color light pearly gray. Diameter about 1 mm. The eggs
are laid in masses of fifty or less, close together, but only in a single
layer. About four hundred eggs are laid by one female. The
duration of this stage is about two weeks.

First LARVAL STAGE.—When newly hatched, the head is
slightly cordate, black and shiny, the mouth pale. A few black
hairs on its surface; cervical spot straight in front, curved behind,
black and shiny as the head. The body is pale, dirty whitish, with
long black hairs growing from blackish warts, which are arranged
as in the mature larva. Thoracic legs black. Length 2mm. After
hatching, the little larva makes its first meal of its egg-shell, which
it sometimes completely devours. As the stage progresses the body
becomes greenish white, the warts black, some of them brownish at
their bases forming a subdorsal and substigmatal brown band on the
middle segments. Legs black.

SECOND LARVAL STAGE.—Head as before. Body pale whitish,
the warts large and black, with brown irrorations between those in
the subdorsal and subventral spaces. Thoracic feet black; abdom-
inal black outwardly. Hair black, about 1 mm. long. Length of
larva about 4 mm.

THIRD LARVAL STAGE.—Head shiny black. Body and warts
black, with a white dorsal line and pale stigmatal band. Hairs
black, whitish from the warts in subventral space. Length 6 mm.
As this stage approaches completion the body assumes a purplish
black color, and the lines are yellowish.

FourTH LARVAL STAGE.—Head black and shiny, with a few
short black hairs. A paler line above the mouth concolorous with
the base of the palpi. Body and warts black, a narrow, dull, whitish
dorsal line.. Hair bristly and black, paler from the warts in sub-
ventral space. Feet shiny black, the claspers of the abdominal,
paler. Length 9 mm.

FrrTH LARVAL STAGE.—Head as before. Body black, dorsal
line whitish, narrow and faint. Hair very bristly, black, but mixed
with brown hairs, especially from the lower warts. Length .13 mm.

SIXTH LARVAL STAGE.—Head black, the mouth slightly paler,
a few hairs about the mouth. Body black, with a trace of dorsal
‘line. Abdominal legs reddish. Hair black, mixed with brown.
Length 20 mm.

SEVENTH LARVAL STAGE.—Head as before, but on the vertex
posteriorly is a paler patch; cervical spot black, bisected. Body
black, a mere trace of dorsal line on the first few segments; the
warts are brownish, and spiracles dirty white, otherwise as before.
Length 30 mm.

EIGHTH LARVAL STAGE.—Mature larva. Head pale brown,
but largely black in front. Mouth brownish, but the ends of the -
jaws black; a few fine, dark hairs. The warts are arranged as fol-
lows: (1) a row on joints 5 to 12 in subdorsal space situated ante-
riorly; (2) subdorsal and (3) superstigmatal row, both replaced on
joint 2 by the cervical spot; (4) substigmatal row, the last three
coalesced on joint 13 in one large wart; (5) and (6) two rows in the
subventral space, there being only one row on joints 2 and 4 situated
intermediately, and the lower, slight on joint 13; (7) four small
warts on the venter of each of the legless segments. Body black,
the warts large and pale brown. Thoracic feet dark brown, the ab-
dominal dull crimson. Spiracles orange. .Hair bristly, black,
mixed slightly with brown. Length 45 to 50 mm.

The duration of each stage was from eight to ten days. When
mature some of the larvee pupated at once, but others hibernated
for the space of three weeks before pupation, although the weather
was warm.

Cocoon.—A thin netting of white silk, without any larval hairs,
which remain on the cast skin, The silk of the cocoon is strung
with little clear drops at the joinings of the threads.

Pupa.—Head small; thorax rounded, a slight depression be-
hind it. Abdomen curved, the ventral and stigmatal sides straight.
Two rows of tufts of stout spines on the dorsum of the abdomen,
the upper situated anteriorly and the lower posteriorly on the seg-
ments, two more rows at the spiracles smaller, and others below
only slight; cremaster, two tufts of spiny hairs with their ends mi-
nutely hooked. Color, black; thorax and cases shiny and creased.
Abdomen dull, covered by a slight bloom, minutely punctured.

Foop-PLANts.—Probably numerous. The larve fed readily
on malva, clover, alfalfa, geranium, etc.

Larve fram Los Angeles County, Cal.

_ The exertions of various well-known gentlemen point it that we
will at last have some active collecting of Lepidoptera done again
in these United States. Professional collectors of the type of the
late Boll and Morrison, are sadly needed, and would find liberal
assistance for good work. B. NEUMOEGEN.

Descriptions of the Preparatory Stages of
Edema albifrons A. and S.

BY WM. BEUTENMULLER.

Ecc.—Pale green, subglobose, slightly concave at the base,
smooth, shining. Length .80 mm. Width .50 mm. Duration of
this stage thirteen days. Laid in small masses on the underside of
leaves.

Younc LARvA.—Head large, jet-black shiny, with a few white
hairs. Body yellow, with two pairs of minute, wart-like elevations
on each segment along the dorsal region. The elevated segment is
humped and followed by two brown spots. Along each side there
is also a series of wart-like elevations which gradually diminish in
size towards the posterior part of the body. All the warts bear a
short whitish hair. Body beneath concolorous to the above. The
feet are white, semi-translucent; as the larva grows older, fine black
stripes begin to appear along the dorsal region, and which are broken
by the wart-like elevations. Length 2 mm. Duration of this stage
seven days.

AFTER Frrst Mou.tt.—The head now becomes brick-red or
yellow, otherwise as in the previous stage. The larva in this moult
begins to attack the leaf, while the young larva eats only the paren-
ychma of the leaf. Length 4 mm. Duration of this stage eight
days.

AFTER SECOND Movutt.—Between the black stripes along the
dorsal region there is now present a canary-yellow stripe, and across
the posterior segment is a series of small black spots. The hump is
now brick-red. Length 6mm. Duration of this stage seven days.

Arrer THIRD Mouit.—No difference from that of the pre-
vious moult. Length romm. Duration of this stage six days.

Arter FourtH Moutt.—Same as the previous one, except
somewhat deeper in color and the. marking more distinct. Length
17mm. Duration of this stage five days.

Arter Firtu, THE Last Mou._t.—The head is now bright
coral-red, as is also the hump on the eleventh segment. Along the
dorsal region is a series of six fine black stripes on the whitish
ground color, and are broken on the junction of each segment.
Along the subdorsum is a rather broad canary-yellow stripe, and
along the sides are four black and yellow, or black and white stripes;
the black stripes being the finest. The ground color sometimes
assumes a pinkish color. Body beneath dirty white with black
markings. The thoracic feet are yellow, and the abdominal legs
are concolorous with the body. Length 28mm. Full grown 42 mm.
Duration of this stage nine days.

The eggs from which my observations were made were laid on
June 19th, and the young larvee emerged on July 2d. The first
moult took place on July 9th, the second moult on July 17th, the
third moult on July 24th, the fouth on July 3oth, and the last moult
on August 4th. The larvee were full grown on August 12th.

The cocoon is irregularly oval, and is of a tough, sordid white
texture, and is spun on the ground amongst leaves. Single brooded.

Food-plants: various species of oaks.

A New Species of Agrotis.
BY JOHN B. SMITH.

Agrotis atristrigata n. sp.

Ashen gray, black powdered; collar with a black, transverse line. Pri-
maries heavily black powdered, all the transverse maculation obsolete. Or-
bicular elongate, narrow, fused with the small, upright reniform, else all the
normal maculation absent. A paler shade runs from the end of the cell to
the apex, and veins 3 and 4 are white marked nearly to the margin, lightening
that region. The fringes are cut with white; secondaries white, with a broad,
soiled, outer margin. Expands 1.20 inches; 30 mm.

Flab.—N. W. British Columbia.

This species has all the structural characters of HYod/lemanz, and
comes between that species and dzc/avis in the synopsis. The ordi-
nary spots are very small and scarcely distinct. The specimen is a
poor one and badly rubbed, and would not have been described, but
that it was a $, and the affinities were so distinct as to render its
recognition certain, should other specimens be turned up.

a

Among the Noctuz from Thibet which I received some weeks
ago, quite a number prove to be well-known insects of the European
fauna, while a few greatly resemble our ‘‘ American cousins.’’ I
shall refer to it in time after having worked up the material on hand.

At the entomological auctions at Stevens’, in London, fabulous
prices are often realized for rare specimens or showy insects new to
science. Some months ago as much as £20 and £30 was paid for |
Assam and Bhotan arctitde, and the purchasers were happy at that.

A portrait of Prof. S. A. Forbes, fourth State entomologist of
Illinois, together with a pen sketch of his life, adorns the Trans.
Illinois State Hort. Soc. for the past year.

NEW CALIFORNIA HOMOPTERA.

BY E. P. VAN DUZEE.

(Continued from p. 52, vol. vi.)

5: Thamnotettix subzenea n. sp.

Form and size of 7. abietina Fall. Broad. Pale yellow, obscurely marked
with fulvous. Elytra subhyaline, veined and marked toward the costa with
fulvous brown and exhibiting by oblique, light, strong, coppery reflections,
intensified by the highly iridescent wings beneath; lower surface pale testa-
ceous. Length: male, 6.5 mm.; female, 7 mm.

Head a little wider than the pronotum; very bluntly rounded; vertex
about one and.one-half times as long medially as next the eye, disc flattish,
with a transverse depression behind the tip; a central line connecting before
with a transverse spot on the depression, and two irregular spots on the hind
border near the eyes, pale fulvous. Sometimes the latter spots are divided,
and there may be two small points near the apex. Front broad above, occa-
sionally with a few short, pale brown lines each side; sutures of the face more
or less embrowned. Lorz broad. Clypeus slightly widened at the rounded
tip. Antennal seta rather long. Eyes brown. Pronotum: anterior margin
straight; sides very short, with a black spot below the edge; latero-posterior
margins straight, the angles rounded. Surface pale, with six short, fulvous
stripes not reaching either margin, the lateral ones frequently obsolete, scu-
tellum pale, basal angles, two dots between them and the central line, a little
dusky in fully colored examples; edge whitish, with two black dots on each
side. Beneath and legs pale or soiled white; femora lineate with pale brown;
tibize with black dots at the base of the spines. Elytra pale fulvous, almost
hyaline, infuscated toward the suture, where there is a brown stripe, some-
times only indicated on the base and apex of the clavus; an indistinct whitish
band crosses the elytra near the middle, strongly distinguished on the suture
near the tip of the clavus; nervures copper colored, at the apex margined with
brown. The whole surface has a coppery reflection, almost iridescent in some
lights, produced, in part at least, by the highly iridescent wings beneath.
Nervures of the wings brown. Abdomen pale testaceous, with a black line
on the venter at each side next the base of the connexivum, sometimes
broken into spots; margin of the dorsal segments broadly black, or at least
with a black spot at the posterior angle.

Last ventral segment of the female about three times as wide as the pre-
ceding, broadly rounded posteriorly, with a prominent central tooth; pygofers
with marginal and a few discal pale bristles. Ultimate ventral segment of the
male fot differing from the penultimate; valve broad and short, rounded, with
two black spots on the base, the plates fringed with white hairs.

Described from two females and one male (No. 223). This in-’
sect might readily be mistaken for a Scaphotdeus, but the antennz
are shorter, and in general characters it agrees most nearly with the
present genus, in which I have placed it provisionally.

6. Thamnotettix coquilletti n. sp.

Form of 7. sennicotti Uhl. nearly. Pale yellow marked with fulvous,
female; or whitish testaceous, marked with fulvous brown, male. Eyes, two

4*

spots on the front of the vertex, and the basal angles of the scutellum black.
Length: male, 4 mm.; female, 5 mm.

Head as wide as the pronotum, female; or a very little wider, male; ob-
tusely rounded before. Vertex narrow, the fore and hind margins almost
parallel; surface sloping anteriorly, passage to the front well rounded. Front
rather wide; sutures above the antennze parallel, below converging to the
clypeus. Clypeus long and narrow, the rounded apex exceeding slightly the
cheeks. Lore narrow, somewhat elongated. Cheeks narrow, sides feebly
angled just below the eye; first two joints of the antennz thick, poorly dis-
tinguished, the first much narrowed at base. Legs: first joint of the anterior
tarsi broad, of the posterior somewhat elongated. Posterior margin of the
pronotum almost straight, lateral angles rounded. Neuration of the elytra
as in our other species of 7hammnotettix, except that the transverse nervure
connecting the first and second sectors runs obliquely forward and inward.

Color: Male.—Head pale yellow; vertex tinged with fulvous against the
eyes, and with a fulvous spot at the apex; immediately above each ocellus is
a large, round, black dot; sutures of the front and clypeus from the antennze
to the tip of the lorze heavily lined with black; front above with two triangular
brown spots converging to a fulvous point on the tip of the vertex, and di-
verging below, where they are interrupted by some pale, transverse, broken
lines. Eyes and antennal setee brown. Pronotum whitish testaceous, with
a transverse, fulvous brown band within the posterior margin, interrupted at
the middle by a longitudinal white line, which is broadly bordered with brown,
especially on the anterior margin. Scutellum pale yellow, with an oval black
spot within the basal angles. Elytra fulvous brown; costal half of the corium
hyaline almost to the apex; nervures slender, white, except at the apex, and
broadly bordered with the same color on the clavus and inner half of the
corium. Wings hyaline, smoky toward the tip, nervures thick, brown; pec-
toral pieces white, edged with black; sternum black. Legs white, base of all
the spines with dark brown points; joints of the posterior tarsi embrowned
beneath toward their apex; tip of the rostrum and the pulvilli black. Ab-
domen black; connexivum, disc of the venter and genitalia white.

Female.—Obscure pale yellow, elytra whitish; markings as in the male,
but paler; face immaculate, or with faint indications of the superior brown
spots; cheeks with a dusky cloud below the eye; black spots on the vertex
distinct; fulvous markings on the pronotum more extended along the anterior
margin. Abdomen and all beneath soiled white, immaculate or nearly so.
Wings white, slightly iridescent, nervures inconspicuous.

Genital pieces.—Male: valve broad, occupying the concavity of the hind
margin of the ultimate ventral segment, its posterior edge feebly convex;
plates broad, triangular, sides slightly convex, apex’ obtuse, edge fringed with
stout bristles.

Female.—Last ventral segment long, the edge nearly straight, with a
minute central notch; pygofers short and broad, apex truncate, the apical
submargin with a single row of stout spines, the sutural margin with a few
short ones scattered along nearly its whole length. Ovipositor slightly ex-
ceeding the pygofers.

Described from one male (No. 626) and two female (No. 331)
examples. This species is somewhat anomalous in the genus in

—— Sh sh rr

which I have placed it. In form, and especially ornamentation, it
corresponds very closely with an undescribed Jassid found abun-
dantly on willows in New York, that I have placed in Ca//iscarta,
but this latter form has the elytral venation of Cicadula, while the
present species agrees in this respect with 7hammnotetix, where I
prefer to place it for the present. This is one of those not uncommon
cases where a species exists apparently for the sole purpose of puz-
zling the entomologist and showing him how little Nature appreciates
his laboriously-founded and nicely-discriminated genera.

It affords me pleasure to dedicate this neat little Jassid to its
discoverer, who is. too well known to require words of commenda-
tion from me, else freely given.

7 Thamnotettix geminata n. sp.

Form of Cicadula 6-notata Fall., but larger. Dull green or greenish
brown. Head yellowish white; anterior edge of the vertex with four large
black spots; disc of the scutellum with two small, approximate, black points.
Length 4.5 mm.

Head hardly as wide as the pronotum; obtusely rounded before, finely
punctured. * Vertex about one-fourth longer at the centre than next the eye,
base with a fine impressed line. Sides of the front almost straight, slightly
incurved toward the apex. *Clypeus narrow, widened toward the obtusely
rounded apex. Cheeks obscurely angled below the eyes. Pronotum scarcely
angled at the sides, the posterior margin straight; surface with fine, trans-
verse strize and distant, scattering punctures. Basal ventral segment broad,
posterior edge arcuated.

Color: Head yellowish white, tinged with fulvous on the disc of the ver-
tex and around the eyes; short impressed line on the vertex and sutures of
the front black; a large black spot occupies the apex of the head each side of
the tip, and there is another on the margin of the vertex immediately behind
each ocellus; antennal cavity and a few faint, transverse lines on the front
black. Antenne pale. Eyes black; pronotum dull greenish brown; behind
the anterior margin is a black, wavy line, which becomes obsolete before
reaching the lateral angles. Propleura sulphur-yellow, the other pleural
pieces yellow on their outer half, their discal half and the sternal pieces black.
Scutellum greenish yellow; transverse impressed line, two approximate black
points before it, and a small triangle somewhat remote from each basal angle
black. Elytra brownish hyaline, obscured toward the sutural margin; ner-
vures Slender, but distinct, pale, embrowned toward the apex. Wings hya-
line, iridescent, nervures fuscous. Abdomen black, connexivum yellow.
Legs pale whitish yellow; posterior tibiae with a black line on the inner edge,
their tarsal joints touched with brown. Last ventral segment and pygofers
soiled white, the latter suffused with ferruginous.

Last ventral segment longer than the penultimate; posterior margin pro-
duced in a short angle each side of the middle, where there is a shallow in-
cision on either side of the short, blunt central tooth; pygofers broad, ab-
ruptly reaching the end of the ovipositor.

—S8o0—

Described from a single female example (No. 616). This spe-
cies has much the appearance of a Cicadu/a, in which genus it might
readily be placed, but for the characteristic venation of the elytra.

8. Thamnotettix flavocapitata n. sp.

Form of 7. cruentata Panz. Pale yellow; head sulphur-yellow; elytra
fulvous brown 9, or olive-brown <j; costa pale. Length: male, 5 mm.; fe-
male 5.5 mm.

Male; Head as wide as the pronotum, posterior margin regularly con-
cave, anterior obtusely triangular. Vertex one-half longer at the middle than
at the eye; passage to the front rounded. Front narrow, the sides almost
straight. Clypeus widened toward the apex, which is truncated, and does
not surpass the cheeks. Outer edge of the cheeks but feebly arcuated above,
leaving a rather broad margin on the outer inferior side of the eye. Pro-
notum about one and one-half times as long as the vertex; hind edge scarcely
concave; sides short, the angles rounded.

Color: Head sulphur-yellow, sometimes tinged with fulvous on the ver-
tex; antennal setze brown, eyes olive-brown. Pronotum olive-brown, paler
on the anterior margin, behind which is a fine concentric line usually more
or less obsolete. Beneath and legs pale yellow or whitish; propleura sulphur-
yellow; tips of the tarsal joints and claws brown. Scutellum ferruginous
brown, the transverse impressed line blackish. Elytra olive-brown or fuscous,
subhyaline, with more or less distinct coppery reflections; costal half of the
corium whitish hyaline; discal nervures pale yellow, indistinct, the costal
clearer yellow; nervures of the clavus with a whitish spot next the suture.
Wings whitish hyaline, highly iridescent; nervures thick, fuscous. Tergum
black, broad, lateral and narrow posterior margins of the segments yellow.
Venter yellow, base of the connexivum and of the first ventral segment black.
Genitalia black; valves and plates yellow, the former with a dusky spot at
base.

Genital pieces: Valve transverse; almost quadrangular, but with the outer
corners well rounded. Plates triangular, sides well rounded toward the base,
extreme tip a little produced; edges heavily fringed with long, soft hairs.
Margin of the pygofers oblique, leaving the short, stout hooks at the inner
acute apex of the triangular-ovate orifice; margin and apex armed with ten
to fifteen stout bristles. Slender tips of the styles projecting conspicuously
beyond the apex of the plates.

Female.—Pronotum, scutellum and elytra fulvous brown; nervures of the
wings pale brown; abdomen yellow, disc of the tergum brown. The colors
are paler than in the male, and the vertex is proportionately shorter and
broader. Last ventral segment long; the rounded end with a broad notch
including a prominent central tooth; pygofers a very little shorter than the
ovipositor; at their base beset with rather short white bristles.

Described from six males (No. 601) and three females (No. 154).

(To be continued. )

ERRATA.

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AMERICANA

YOU. VI. BROOKLYN, MAY, 1890. No. 5.

On the Probable Pollenization of Greenhouse Chryan-
themums by Eristalis tenax.

BY JOHN HAMILTON, M. D.

In many of the greenhouses throughout the United States,
where Chrysanthemums are anywise extensively grown, a Dipteron,
known to the proprietors as the Chrysanthemum fly or bee, makes
its appearance early in October on the disclosing of the first flowers
and continuing as long as the Chrysanthemums are in bloom. _ Its
appearance and actions so greatly resemble those of the honey bee
as to pointedly exemplify a mimicry that is all protective. I first
observed it five years ago, in considerable numbers, on the large
collection of Chrysanthemums in the greenhouses of the Allegheny
parks; in many respects it acted very bee-like, hovering over the
flowers till a selection was made, then alighting and burying itself
among the petals, it would work among them diligently for a time
and then fly away to another. From Mr. William Hamilton, the
learned superintendent, I obtained the information that this fly was:
reputed to pollenize Chrysanthemums, and that this knowledge had
been utilized by certain growers of seed, though he himself had
never experimented to obtain any in that way. The fly does not
meddle with any of the other flowers in the greenhouse, however
fragrant, nor has it been seen outside by any of the operatives, nor
by myself.

Mr. John Thorpe, of Pearl River, N. Y., a learned and distin-
guished florist, who makes a specialty of Chrysanthemums, to whom
I wrote for information, courteously states that he has not noticed it
outside his greenhouses at any time, and neither has he seen it until
the first Chrysanthemums are in bloom, the date varying from Octo-
ber 5th to 13th, in six years; and further says, ‘‘ I am sure they as-

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA, Vol. VI. 5 MAy, 1890.

oo

sist in the pollenization of the flowers, as I have watched them
working many hours; -r7stalis tenax is the name it received from
an entomological friend.’’

Reports from other sources are to the same effect, but no one
has yet volunteered the statement that of his own knowledge seed
has been so obtained, and it has been considered indelicate to put
the question directly to the producers of this precious commodity;
an experiment, however, would be no way difficult.

Eristalis tenax is an inhabitant of the old world, and accom-
modates itself to all climates from the Arctic regions of Siberia to
the tropics in Africa, probably originating in Japan, the metropolis
of Chrysanthemums. The knowledge of its existence in N. America
dates back no further than 1875, when Baron Osten Sacken took a
single specimen at Cambridge, Mass., after having collected Diptera
throughout the United States, and yet, in 1884, it was known from
nearly all parts of the country, from Massachusetts to Georgia, and
westward to Washington. (Psyche ii, 188 and 260; Can. Ent. xiii,
176; Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1884, p. 489-96). In the last cited
article Baron Osten-Sacken, speculating on the mode of its intro-
duction into North America, and its sudden appearance all over the
country, states the only two possible ways. First, by introduction
through the Atlantic seaboards; he fails, however, to inform us how
this insect was likely to have been so extensively distributed in eight
or nine years. Second, as being indigenous to Western, but not to
Eastern America, it slowly worked its way across the Rocky Moun-
tains eastward to Missouri, where, meeting with more favorable con-
ditions, like Doryphora decemlineata, it suddenly spread to the At-
lantic, where it was soon recognized by entomologists; but what
these conditions were is not indicated.

Now, we may have it from both sources, as it is indigenous in
Kamtschatka it may also be in Western North America, like so
many other insects. And we may likewise have it by introduction,
and if it really escaped commercial transportation, though seemingly
strange considering its larva and imago habits, till near the time
specified, its subsequent rapid and wide distribution is not incredible
nor impossible when its relation to Chrysanthemums is considered,
the craze for which during the last two decades has spread them to
nearly every village and farm house in the United States. In the
article cited above from the Can. Ent., Dr. S. W. Williston states
that this fly is often found ‘‘in houses early in October.’’ Chrys-
anthemums, probably, might have been found there likewise.

No record of the food-habits of the mature 4. ¢enax has been
noticed; it cannot, however, be confined to greenhouse Chrysanthe-

mums, as it appears abundantly in early summer; there are, how-
ever, near one hundred species of Chrysanthemums distributed
throughout the different countries it inhabits which, blooming at
various seasons, may supply it with food, and it may have other
resources at present unknown.

The larva is one of the rat-tailed maggots, and lives in any kind
of compost or mephitic mud, the more horridly fcetid the better; the
elastic tail, which is capable of being extended more than two inches
to the surface, contains a double air tube, through which the larva
breathes. To contrast—the larva revels and fattens in the vilest,
most disgusting filth imaginable—the imago disports itself among
the fairest bloom and draws sustenance from the loveliest of the
lovely.

Under the caption ‘‘ Drone Fly,’’ Rev. J. G. Wood, ‘‘ Insects
at Home,”’ gives a figure of the imago, and a very charming account
of the larva and its habits, from which the foregoing account of the
larva is mostly taken.

The mode of life of the imago outside of greenhouses seems to
be unrecorded, at least such is the case in any of the American or
European literature consulted, a knowledge of which mode is now
of great interest, and must enter largely into any future attempt to
account for its distribution in America.

REMARKS ON SOME WESTERN TENEBRIONIDA.

BY H. F. WICKHAM.

Every collector who has had the pleasure of traveling in that
part of our country lying west of the Missouri River, must have
noticed the great development of the Tenebrionidz as regards the
number both of species and of individuals. They form, in fact, the
most noticeable feature of the Coleopterous fauna of that region,
especially towards the South on the table-lands and plains of Texas,
New Mexico, Arizona and Southern California.

Offering little variety in color, they differ widely in habits, and
their forms are extremely diverse, though most of them have a pe-
culiar habitus, which at once marks them as members of this family.
Some observations may be of interest to such of our Eastern brethren
who have never had an opportunity to study them in life, and in this
hope I offer the following notes:

Edrotes ventricosus Lec. Taken at Barstow, Cal., under logs,
August roth. Rare. £. globosus Casey is found about the roots
of weeds in the middle of May at Greeley, Col.

Triorophus levis Lec. was taken at Barstow clinging to the
under surface of boards which were resting on the sand, August
tgth. Zrimitys pruinosa with &. globosus, Greeley, Col.

The species of Aurymetopon and Emmenastes have all very
nearly the same habits so far as I observed, being found chiefly
about the roots of various plants, especially such weeds as grow in
thick clumps or brushes. Most mmenastes have a very fine bluish
‘“bloom’’ when living, but this is easily removed, and I never saw
a cabinet specimen that showed it. These remarks apply particu-
larly to Au. rufipes, emarginatum and convexicolle, and Em. ater,
acutus, obesus anda n. sp.

Epitragus is not so strictly terrestrial as the preceding insects,
and is in the habit of climbing up the sage-brush and resting among
the leaves, especially in cloudy weather. I noticed large numbers
of &. canaliculatus in the branches of sage-brush at Seligman, Ariz.,
one very rainy and disagreeable day in late July. 4. acutus I took
at Albuquerque; £. plumbeus at Coolidge, both having the climbing
habit.

Batulius setosus may be found in the sand under dry cow-drop-
pings along the Little Colorado River near Holbrook, Ariz., in
company with Aphodius. It is an ‘‘ early bird,’’ appearing in April.

Zopherus probably breeds in wood, and my series is interesting
as showing the replacement of one species by another at short in-
tervals. At Albuquerque I found Z. granicollis, and took it again
at Coolidge, one hundred and thirty-six miles farther west. Another
one hundred and fifty miles, and it gives place to 7. elegans; ninety
miles beyond this is replaced by Z. ofacus, which in turn yields to
gracilis and ¢ristis in the next one hundred miles. They all occur
in the immediate vicinity of pine logs, generally resting on the bark
of the under surface close to the ground, with the exception of Z.
elegans, which I took around cottonwoods, there being no pine
within several miles, except the ties on the railroad.

Phellopsis var. porcata is found on old pine logs, and is very
hard to see on account of its brownish color and the peculiar irregu-
larities of the upper surface, which harmonize with the bark of the
tree.

The little Av@oschizus costipennis is sometimes seen clinging to
the underside of boards laid in the sand along the Little Colorado
River bottom. Its congener, A. armafus, I found living with a
large species of ant at Green River, Wyoming, in May. They are
rapid runners, but feign death if disturbed.

In the Colorado desert, near the Needles, Cal., we find Cryp/o-
glossa verrucosa, a very fine insect. During the heat of the day it

remains in concealment under logs, etc., but in the evening may be
found running over the ground. I took quite a number of them
under some bales of straw which had been left on the river’s bank-
by railroad hands.

Microschatia inequalis, is said to be a common species, but I
took only one example, at San Diego, under a log.

Asida and its allies furnish a large number of species, some of
them very common, and many extremely variable. Ologlyptus
anastomosis is an interesting form, and is found under logs in the
valley of the Little Colorado, in July. Aszda opaca I took at Albu
querque in clumps of weeds; it lies hidden in the sand at the roots.
A. sordida was very common at Luna, N. M., and Winslow, Ariz.,
under logs or at the roots of plants. It is crepuscular in habit and
may be seen running around about dark. At Peach Springs I got
a few A. actuosa, under logs, with three examples of A. parallela,
late in August. One specimen of A. conflwens occurred at the
Needles on August 21st. A. convexa is rather common in New
Mexico in August and September, and shows considerable variation
in the width of thorax and elytral sculpture. A. convexicollis Lec.
is another variable species, and the differences between specimens
taken at 7000 and at 5000 feet altitude is considerable. In the for-
mer the thorax is much broader, the margin wider and more strongly
punctured, the disc of the elytra (taken together) more arched, and
the surface more coarsely rugose. I should like to consider them
as distinct species in fact, but Mr. Linell, to whom I sent specimens,
thinks them the same. A. marginata may be found around the
roots of plants in August and September with the var. r7mata.
They seem to prefer the immediate vicinity of the river, the latter
variety being sometimes seen among the rubbish between the banks
of the river’s bed. My specimens are mostly from Winslow. A.
elata is found with it.

The species of Conzontis seem to be more distinctively Northern
and Western, as I took none in New Mexico nor Arizona. Farther
North C. o6esa may be found as far East as Green River, Wyoming,
and Helena, Mon., under rubbish of various sorts. C. ofaca oc-
curred at Barstow, Cal., and Victoria, Vane. I., C. affinzs in eastern
Oregon, and C. ovalis at San Diego. Of these ofaca and ovalis
were often found near the sea-shore, though not confined to it.
Other species were taken at Spokane Falls and North Yakima, but
are not yet named.

Celus ciliatus may be found close to the sea, under rubbish
along the beach. I got only dead specimens at San Diego, in-
August, and do not know when it may be found alive.

8b

Eusattus reticulatus, Eu. difficilis and Eu. muricatus may all be
found around the roots of bushes in sandy places during July and
August in New Mexico and Arizona.

Eleodes, with its numerous species, is a genus very charac-
teristic of the West. They are known as ‘‘circus-bugs’’ among:
the Americans of New Mexico, on Lo CaenLD: of the antics
they cut if startled when running. Try to pick one up and it
elevates the abdomen as much as possible, nearly standing on its
head to do so. Then, if you insist on touching it, you have to
take the consequences. Some of the species eject an offensive
fluid from the anus in a fine stream, but in others it seems to
simply exude in a drop which adheres to the tip of the abdomen
until wiped off. They are so quick that it is almost impossible to
pick one up when it is aroused without the insect managing to bring
the tip of the abdomen against the fingers. The fluid is much more
offensive and caustic in some species than others, and often causes
a burning sensation when it touches the skin. I think that 4. /on-
gicollis has the most pungent secretion of any known to me. £.
dispersa Lec. is one of the commoner species at Coolidge, N. Mex.,
in June, and may often be seen at the entrances of the burrows of
the prairie dogs. When pairing it may be seen in numbers in patches
of sand where the bushes are less numerous, running about in the
day-time or copulating i in slightly sheltered spots. A hundred miles
farther west it gives place to the variety sa/cipennis, which I have
never seen in companies at pairing time. £. sufuralis 1 never took
west of Albuqurque, where it is rather rare. £. ¢ricostata is com-
mon and lives chiefly at the roots of plants in company with odsoleta
and extricata; with them is sometimes found £4. humeralis. In
California we find £. gwadricollis under logs and on the border of
the Colorado desert. I got a few &. avmata, a fine species. £&.
longicollis is widely distributed through New Mexico, Arizona, Col-
orado, Wyoming and the adjacent regions. It varies in sometimes
having the elytra rougher than the typical forms, which are nearly
smooth. £. gracilis is rather rare, and may be found running
around in the evening on the eastern slope of the Sierra Madre
Mountains and on the Puerco divide from June to August. £.
nigrina is rather common in the mountains around Flagstaff, Ariz.,
and £. hispilabris is found over an immense extent of territory.
Ey caudifera is abundant in the valley of the Little Colorado, close
to the river; &. pilosa rare in the Sierra Madre, and £. hirsuta in
the southern end of Idaho. I got a few speciments of £. Alanipen-

nis in the Sierra Madre in June, and two or three in the mountains

—87--

near Williams, Ariz., but never found it in the valleys. Lleodes
cordata is acommon Northern species, and £. pimelioides extends
as far East as Green River, Wyo. &. ofaca has the same range
(as far as my experience goes) as £. planipennis, and seems to be a
montane species. £. fustformis, a curiously-shaped species, oc-
curred only at Coolidge and Albuquerque, and is rare.

The next genus, Zydaphion, is. remarkable for having the sides
ot the thorax and elytra more or less explanate and reflexed, as in
Scaphinotus, among the Carabide. Of the species I have seen
this character is most strongly marked in Z. murtcatum, which oc-
curs in Nebraska, Dakota, Montana and Colorado, from May to
August. It seems to be rare, at least I got only about half a dozen
specimens on my last trip. £. depressum and elongatum are found
at various points in New Mexico and Arizona from April to Sep-
tember. They are provided with a secretion something like that of
Eleodes, but which leaves a reddish stain on the hand when soap and
water is applied, instead of a yellow or brown stain as in the latter
genus. TZrogloderus costatus is a remarkable insect which I have
taken in the vicinity of cottonwoods at Winslow, Ariz., and Green
River, Wyoming.

Lulabis pubescens may be found along the sea-shore at San
Diego under logs and boards in company with Amphidora nigropi-
Josa, and an occasional Cratédus osculans. The last species also
occurs at Los Angeles, so it is not confined to the immediate neigh-
borhood of the coast.

One specimen of Argoporis costipennis was taken near Peach
Springs, Ariz., under an old cowhide in August. I never met with
another example.

Lphthimus serratus is a well-known Northern species, and infests
the pine, living beneath the bark of dead trees. In Arizona it is
represented by the variety saé/evis, which has the same habits. My
specimens are from the vicinity of Williams at an altitude of about
7000 feet. It does not occur in the plains where the pine trees are
lacking. Celocnemis punctata (a nearly smooth variety) is found
with it, while at Winslow and east into New Mexico a rougher form
extends. Ufis ceramboides | took under the bark of cottonwood
at Glendin, Mont., with a few specimens of yctobates pennsylvanica.
At the Needles I took a new Alephus under a board. Aecysmus
angustatus flew to my light at Winslow, Ariz. The species of
Blapstinus have habits so similar to one another that the description
of one will do for all. They are found under pieces of wood or dry
dung, among dead leaves or beneath rubbish of any sort, and some

Ga

species may be found at any points in the West. Conzbzus and
Notibius have much the same habits, but are rarer. Cus crassus I
took under rubbish near Los Angeles.

Cnemeplatia sericen is a curious insect, reminding one somewhat
of Heterocerus. I took one specimen at Holbrook, Ariz., and one
at Albuquerque, N. Mex., the latter was flying in the evening, the
former I think I took from beneath a piece of board, but can find
no note relating to it. A still more curious little animal is A/andes
singularis, of which I got a few specimens from an ant’s nest at
Huntington, Oreg., about the end of May. The nest was under a
stone in a grassy spot, and with the ants were about a dozen of these
Alandes. They are curious little things, very strongly punctured,
with setose elytra, and an immoderately deep quadrate basal thoracic
impression, matching a similar one at the base of the elytra.

While tearing up an old pine log at Victoria in company with a
friend, we found a large colony of Pthora americana Horn, a little
insect resembling our Diedus punctatus in appearance. The wood
was completely rotten, so that it could be easily be broken up with
the aid of a heavy knife, and the beetles were found all through it
instead of just under the bark. Cyneus depressus is found in pine
at Williams, Ariz., just beneath the bark.

Under the sea-weed along Colorado beach were plenty of Pha-
leria rotundata sharing their ill-smelling feast with Cercyon, Saprinus
and numerous Staphylinide. Platydema janus Fab. is found under
the bark of cottonwood at East Bridge, Ariz., and P. oregonense
under pine bark from Cceur d’ Alene, Idaho, to Coolidge, N. Mex.,
with H/ypophleus substriatus.

Flelops is found under sticks and rubbish, especially along the
river bottoms early in the spring. // atfenuatus occurred in the
Sierra Madre Mountains. A. arézonensis and two undetermined
species along the little Colorado, and Hi. fernitens at Portland,
Oreg. Other species occur in Western Wyoming.

A NEW SPECIES OF BOTIS.

BY JOHN Ba sMELE:

During the summer of 1889 I received from Mr. J. T. Brakeley,
of Bordentown, N. J., some buds, flowers, seed capsules, as well as
leaf and flower stems of the Egyptian Lotus all badly damaged by
a lepidopterous larva. Mr. Brakeley informed me that in the earlier
stages the larvae fed exposed upon the leaves, but soon bored into

the stems, buds or seed capsules, evincing a special fondness for the
latter. The specimens received by me were nearly full grown, pu-
pated in a very few days and the resulting moths were declared by
‘authority’ as a new species generally confused with Botis penztalis.
I published a short account of the species in ‘‘ Garden and Forest’?
Feb. 19, 1890, under the name Botts nelumbialis, of which I now
offer a description:

Botis nelumbialis n. sp.—Ground color varying from a pale, clear luteous
to a ferruginous reddish luteous, powdery, all the intervening shades being
recognizable. Head, palpi and thorax concolorous. Primaries with t. a.
line single, upright, with three subequal outward angulations. T. p. line

Botis nelumbialis and varieties.

single, dusky, widely bent
over the cell and there
dentate or serrate, then
with a long incurve on
vein 2, and an outward
j : angulation on the subme-
a,larva from above; 4, single seg- 3 si
ment from side; c, mandible; @, maxilla dian interspace. Beyond
and palpi; e, clypeus; *4 antenne; g, the t. p. line is a broad
leg, enlarged. dusky shade outwardly
tolerably even, inwardly irregular. Fringes dusky. An indefinite dusky
blotch in the cell beyond the t. a. line indicates the orbicular, and a much
larger vague blotch beyond the end of the cell indicates the reniform. These
markings may be all completely and clearly present, or all save the transverse
lines may be obsolete, or on the other hand the markings may be obscure and
vague, yet all traceable. Secondaries paler, thinner, somewhat glistening.
A variably distinct outer band, dusky in color, and an extra discal, dentate,
transverse line not attaining either margin. A variably distinct discal spot.
Beneath the color is more whitish, primaries with an outer line more or less
indefinite, a vague dusky blotch beyond the cell, and apical region dusky.
Secondaries with the maculation of upper side more faintly reproduced. Ex-
pands .87—1.12 inches ; 22—28 mm.

This species has a little the appearance of B. penztalis Grt., and
has been confused with that species. The variable characters are in
the ground color, in the size, and in the distinctness of maculation.
A small, fully marked specimen might easily be taken as distinct
from the larger forms in which the markings are either not defined,

or obscured by powdery atoms.

Description of Mature Larva.

Length 2r mm. = .84 inch. General color dirty white, often with a red-
dish brown tinge on dorsum, sometimes forming two broad brownish bands.
Head luteous, smooth shining, sparsely set with hair, maculate with small red-
brown dots which sometimes cover nearly the entire head, but more usually
make a triangular blotch on the vertex and a lateral oblique band. The cer-
vical shield is like the head, and is similarly maculate with brown. Sometimes
the markings are faint and scarcely noticeable, and sometimes they form a
distinct central mark with margins of shield also brown. The following seg-
ments to the 12th have each four obvious smooth piliferous spots, scarcely
tubercles, each bearing a single hair. They are all on the anterior part of
the segment, one on each side of the middle, the other just above the stigmata.
On segments 8 to 11 are two small, smooth dots, bearing each a single hair
on the posterior part of the segment. Segment 12 has a smooth square in
the centre bearing two hairs, and a round, smooth spot each side. Segment
13 is like 12, save that the spots are much reduced, and there is an oval anal
shield, the posterior edge of which is roughened. The legs are whitish, pro-
legs with a complete circle of hooks. In general form the larva is slightly
depressed, and at first sight resembles a noctuid more nearly than a pyralid.

The larva spins a rather flattened cocoon of a quite dense tex-
ture inside the stem and changes to a blackish brown pupa about .56
inches = 14 mm. in length. The pupa is quite slender compared
with the larva, the wing cases long, the abdominal segments trans-
versely wrinkled.

The duration of the pupa stage is short, not exceeding ten days
and probably less.

On the occasion of a collecting trip to the sea-shore by Mr.
Schwarz, Mr. Wenzel and ye editor, Mr. Wenzel suggested that it
might be a good idea in order to promote good feeling and social
intercourse among the collectors of New York, Philadelphia and
intermediate points, to arrange for a field meeting at some central
point. The suggestion was well received, and at a recent meeting
of the Feltman Collecting Social of Philadelphia, ye editor was re-
quested to present the matter to the Brooklyn Entomological So-
ciety and to the Newark Entomological Society. The latter society
at their last meeting in February acted upon the suggestion, appoint-
ing Mr. Machesney and ye editor a committee to confer with com-
mittees from the other societies, and to arrange the necessary de-
tails. The Brooklyn Entomological Society, likewise took favorable
action at their March meeting, appointing Mr. Roberts and ye editor
as the committee. The Feltman Club appointed as its representa-
tives Messrs. Wenzel and Dr. Castle. In an informal way the com-
mittee has considered dates and localities, the former being rather
definitely set as July 4th, while the locality is still somewhat indefi-
nite. It is the desire of the committee to get together at this field
meeting as many of the entomologists and collectors as possible, in
order that they may become personally acquainted, and all, whether
members of the Societies named or not, are heartily invited to join.
Full particulars will be published in the June number of ENT. AMER.
and ‘‘ Ent. News.’’

NEW CALIFORNIA HOMOPTERA.

BY E. P. VAN DUZEE.

(Continued from p. 80, vol. vi.)

9. Thamnotettix atropunctata n. sp.

Form of the preceding, but smaller. Color bright fulvous brown; head
black tinged with rufous, especially on the front. Head, pronotum and scu-
tellum with twelve black dots, arranged, two on the vertex, a row of eight on
the anterior margin of the pronotum and on the disc of the scutellum two.
Basal angles of the scutellum with a black spot. Length 3.5 mm., female.

Head a little wider than the pronotum, obtusely angled before. Vertex
about one-half longer at the middle than next the eye, with an impressed
central line, obsolete before the apex. Front slightly widened above the
antennz, the sides feebly convex toward the tip. Clypeus broad, a very
little widened apically, the sides straight; apex rounded in conformity to the
curve of the cheeks. Lore large. Cheeks wide, the sides feebly arcuated,
beneath the eyes not at all angled. Entire head and the scutellum punctured,
the apical field of the latter more coarsely so. Sides of the pronotum
rounded, disc obsoletely rugulose and uneven.

Color: Vertex pale yellow, suffused with rufous, especially toward the
apex, where there is a brown cloud, interrupted on the medial line; near the
posterior margin are two oval black spots, placed midway between the im-
pressed central line and the eyes, and a small brown point adjacent to each
ocellus. Face pale rufous, apex and an ill-defined longitudinal line on the
middle of the front paler; sutures and a row of short transverse lines on each
side of the frontbrown; be low the eyes an indistinct brownish cloud occupies
the disc of the cheeks. Pronotum fulvous brown tinged with purple before;
anterior submargin with a row of eight distinct black points, the two on either
side of the central pair slightly advanced beyond the line of the others. An
oval spot within each basal angle of the scutellum, two dots on the disc, and
the transverse line black; anterior field pale, posterior obscure rufous. Elytra
bright fulvous brown with strong coppery reflections produced by the highly
iridescent wings beneath; nervures distinct, pale, marked with whitish where
they intercept the pale sutural nervure; costal nervure pale nearly to the
apex. Wings smoky, nervures brown. Legs and beneath testaceous brown;
abdomen suffused with rufous; darker on the disc; pygofers and edge of the
last ventral segment pale, the former shaded with rufous brown toward the
apex; Ovipositor rufous; spines of the posterior tibize pale.

Ultimate ventral segment nearly twice the length of the preceding; lateral
angles somewhat obtusely produced; each side of the center is a narrow in-
cision reaching to the middle of the disc, leaving a square central tooth, which
is minutely emarginate at its apex. Pygofers broad, with a few stout spines
near the suture, arranged in a double row.

Described from a single female (No. 630). This may prove but
a variety of the preceding, but the dissimilar coloring and the form

of the last ventral segment would seem to entitle it to specific dis-
tinction.

10. Thamnotettix limbata n. sp.

Above dark brown; costal margin of the elytra and all beneath yellow.
Vertex produced, subacute. Length 5 mm., male.

Head a very little wider than the pronotum. Vertex flat, its length equal
to its breadth on the hind margin, and scarcely less than the length of the
pronotum; before produced to a subacute point; passage to the front rounded.
Front slightly reflexed above, almost encroaching on the disc of the vertex
before; ocelli placed at about one-third the distance from the eye to the tip
of the vertex and well up on the anterior rounded edge of the head, distinctly
visible on the margin of the vertex when viewed from above. Sides of the
front almost straight. Clypeus broad, rounded at the extremity, a little con-
stricted near the base. Lorze long, of moderate width. Cheeks narrow, sides
nearly straight, a little waved below the eyes, exterior to the lore very nar-
row. Elytra long and narrow; costa feebly convex, costal area with several
supernumerary transverse nervures near the apex.

Color: Head pale yellow; front embrowned, a few transverse arcs above
and the central line, pale; vertex washed with brown, before the posterior
margin with two short oblique lines placed near the eyes and an abbreviated
central impressed line, darker brown, eyes black. Pronotum clear pale
brown, darker on the anterior margin, where there are some irregular pale
lines forming an annulus behi:d each eye and leaving two brown points on a
pale area at the apex. Scutellum brown, darker than the pronotum. Elytra
blackish brown; broad costal margin bright sulphur-yellow, before the apical
areoles with three or four small hyaline cells formed by a few extra transverse
nervures; discal nervures pale brown, paler toward the apex on the yellow
costal area concolorous. Wings smoky iridescent, with’ brown nervures.
Beneath clear yellow; dot at the base of the tibial spines and apex of the
tarsal joint blackish. Abdomen black, narrow margin of the tergum and
the venter yellow; plates with an abbreviated blackish central line at base,
the tips infuscated.

Genital pieces: Valve very short and broad, apical margin a very little
convex; plates long, gradually narrowed to the apex; margin heavily fringed
with long white hairs, especially toward the base; submargin with a row of
about ten stout spines; apex of the pygofers with a dense cluster of similar,
but larger spines.

Described from a single male example (No. 612). In general
form this insect has much the appearance of a small 7Zeftigonia,
while in the position of the ocelli it approaches Alcocephalus. It
appears to sustain about the same relationship to 7hamnotettix as
does the genus Anoterostemma L. to Athysanus, but the former
genera are perhaps less widely differentiated than the latter.

ll. Allygus inscriptus n. sp.

Broad oval, or almost oblong. Pale testaceous, more or less tinged with
yellowish on the vertex, irrorate with darker on the thorax; elytra clouded
with fulvous; marked with whitish on some of the basal areoles and trans-
versely banded with the same color near the middle, the fulvous areas spar-
ingly inscribed. Length 4—5 mm.

Head scarcely narrower than the pronotum. Vertex bluntly triangular,
about two-thirds the length of the pronotum, the apex obtusely rounded;

surface with a slight transverse depression before the tip. This depression
and an impressed line from it to the hind margin are marked with pale brown,
and six dots are faintly indicated, two just behind the apex, two smaller
ones on either side of these and two faint ones behind the hind margin near
the eyes, some or all of which may be obsolete. Face broad, obtuse; cheeks
very obtusely angled below the eyes; front truncate ovate, at least twice as
broad at the ocelli as at the clypeus; the latter widened toward the tip, which
is obtusely triangular, and extends a little beyond the lore; lorz broad, to-
gether almost circular in form; cheeks barely surpassing the lore. Face
whitish testaceous, tinged with yellowish on the front; sutures of the lorz
embrowned.

Pronotum broadly rounded before, truncate behind; sides very short, the
latero-posterior margin reaching almost to the eye; lateral angles rounded.
Surface obscurely irrorate or mottled, darker on the disc; beneath whitish.
Scutellum about as long as the pronotum; the basal angles and a transverse
impressed line dusky or brown; the narrow edge more or less distinctly al-
ternated with brown and white. Elytra whitish hyaline, paler toward the
apex; broadly clouded with fulvous from near the base to the middle, and
from beyond the middle nearly to the apex, leaving a central transverse
whitish band; tip of the clavus dark brown; nervures brown, on the costa and
apex margined with the same color; apex with a submarginal dusky band;
discal areoles on the clavus and corium sparingly inscribed with brown
within the fulvous areas. Wings pale smoky hyaline, iridescent. Legs white
with black points at the base of the tibial spines. Venter pale, somewhat
blackish toward the base and on the connexivum; terminal segment about
the width of the preceding, truncate, the two edges parallel. Valve very
short-triangular, about the length of the last ventral segment. Plates together
a little longer than broad; their sides fringed with long pale bristles.

Described from two males (No. 222). A third male (No. 259)
differs from the others in being larger, with a shorter, obtusely
rounded vertex, the markings on which are darker; on the front a
double series of transverse lines and the sutures are brown; the elytra
are paler with the fulvous areas much reduced, leaving the transverse
band but feebly contrasted. It is not impossible that individuals
may yet be taken connecting this species with Athysanus trrorellus
Stal, but the present material cannot be referred to Stal’s species
without doing violence to any reasonable interpretation of his de-
scription or of the specific characters known to obtain here.

This is a true Alygus, agreeing with A. mzxtus Germ. in all
important characters, and is the only North American species of
this genus known to me. /assus trroratus Say and its numerous
allies have but one connecting nervure between the branches of the
first and second sector on the elytra, and belong to Phlepszus Fieber.
This apparently trivial, and not infrequently variable character, seems

almost inadequate for use in separating groups of genera, but cor-
related as it is with other structural peculiarities of which it is the
most pronounced, it appears to answer well the purpose of its em-

ployment, and is much used by Fieber and other European ento-
mologists in synoptical arrangements of the genera.

12. Platymetopus elegaus n. sp.

Form of P. acutus. Cinereous; beneath and a broad dorsal stripe from
the middle of the vertex to the tip of the clavus pale yellow. Length 5 mm.,
female.

Head narrower than the pronotum; length of the vertex about one-half
greater than its width between the eyes; sides of the narrow front broadly
waved, contracted at the antenne, a little widened below and again narrowed
to the apex. Clypeus long, narrowed at base, widened at the rounded apex,
which distinctly surpasses the cheeks. Lorz long, at their greatest breadth
a little wider than the apex of the front. Cheeks broad, triangular, almost
covering the propleure. Pronotum a little longer than in acufus, three-fifths
the length of the vertex; the angles prominent, obtuse. Elytra a little nar-
rowed toward the apex, not so wide as in P. acutus, the costal area with about
eight strong transverse nervures. Rostrum reaching the base of the inter-
mediate trochanters.

Color: Vertex cinereous before, yellow on the posterior disc; cinereous
portion crossed by three longitudinal yellowish white vitte, distinguished
from the disc by slender brown lines; the central vitta begins at the tip of the
vertex, where it is distinct, and loses itself posteriorly in the yellow disc be-
tween the lateral vittae; these lay adjoining the central vitta and become ob-
solete before attaining the apex; close to each eye is an elongated whitish
spot, more or less obvious; margin of the head with a double slender fuscous
line leaving the extreme edge pale. Face yellow, pale below, with a broad
cinereous band on the base of the front, on the lower or apical edge of
which is a V-shaped white line edged with blackish. Ocelli fulvous. Eyes
rufous, bordered behind with pale. Antennz white, sete brown; pronotum
yellow, slightly discolored on the disc by the black mesonotum beneath;
sides with two broad cinereous bands behind each eye, edged with a blackish
line and separated from each other and from the blackish lateral margin by
narrow stripes of the yellow ground color. Exposed surface of the propleura,
the meso- and meta-pleura outwardly, and the entire scutellum sulphur-yellow;
sternum and legs soiled white; tip of the tibiz and the tarsal joints em-
browned, the tibial spines inserted in black points; claws black. Elytra pale
brownish cinereous, subhyaline; broad costal margin and two or three ob-
scure, irregular, transverse bands on the corium whitish hyaline; clavus, ex-
cepting an obscure cinereous cloud along the outer basal margin pale yellow;
surface of the clavus and disc of the corium irregularly sprinkled with obscure
pale rufous dots and blotches; cinereous areas sparingly and very minutely
inscribed with fuscous; transverse costal and apical nervures and some spots
on the discal nervures dark brown, heavy; apical submargin with a brown
band. Venter pale testaceous, inclined to cinereous in spots, and marked
more or less broadly with black on the base of the connexivum; apex of the
pygofers and an area on the posterior margin of the ultimate ventral seg-
ment also black.

Last ventral segment moderately long, with an obscure central carina;
posterior margin br oadly rounded, with a minute central notch.

Described from a single female example (No. 610). This spe-
cies shows no indications of the oval white or hyaline elytral spots

found in our other American species of Platymetopius, and seems to
be a very distinct form.

13. Deltocephalus coquilletti n. sp.

Form nearly of D. debilis Uhl., but somewhat broader, with a shorter
vertex. Black, head and pronotum with four transverse white or fulvous
bands; elytra with as many oblique or transverse white lines. Length: male,
4mm.; female, 5 mm.

Head a little wider than the pronotum. Vertex flat, sharply, but bluntly
angled before; length at the center equal to three-fifths of the width on the
hind margin, and three-quarters the length of the pronotum ; passage to the
front subacute. Face broad, front narrow, occupying hardly more than one-
half the space between the eyes, moderately narrowed toward the apex ;
sides constricted opposite the antennee. Ocelli situated a little less than one-
half way from the eye to the apex of the head. Clypeus narrow, sides straight,
or nearly so, apex rounded. Lor long, about as wide as the clypeus.
Cheeks broad, well angled below the eyes, very narrow beyond the lore.
Pronotum short and broad, almost oblong ; anterior margin feebly rounded,
posterior straight ; sides long, viewed from above almost straight, the angle
to the posterior margin well rounded ; the latero-posterior margins not dis-
tinct from the sides. Scutellum broad, almost as long as the pronotum,
closely punctured. Elytra broad, apex truncated; longitudinal nervures
distinct, transverse obscured by the white lines. First apical areole of
the wing broad on the base. Face, legs and entire lower surface finely and
closely punctured.

Color dark brown or black ; vertex, pronotum and clavus polished black;
scutellum dull. Anterior and posterior margins of the vertex and a trans-
verse band on the disc of the pronotum, obsolete before reaching the
sides, fulvous ; lateral and posterior margins of the pronotum broadly white;
medial line of the scutellum, two dots anteriorly on the disc, and two mar-
ginal ones before the apex, fulvous ; ocelli bright fulvous ; face deep black
with a broad transverse fulvous band on the middle, curved to correspond
very nearly with the superior edge. Legs, tergum and all beneath deep
black ; anterior and intermediate tibiz and tarsi, apex of the posterior
coxze and the genitalia, brown ; outer edges of all the tibiae and their spines
soiled white, the abdominal segments narrowly margined with the same
color. Antenne black; setze brown, pale at base. Elytra dark brown; clavus,
basal areole of the corium and margin of all the nervures as far as the
apical areoles, black; nervures, except at the apex, white; a broad band on
the apex of the basal areole extended posteriorly along the inner sector,
another on the base of the antiapical areoles, the claval nervures broadly and
the apical margin narrowly, ivory-white. Wings deep smoky, hyaline;
iridescent: uervures, slender, fuscous.

Genital pieces.—Male: valve broad, triangular, apex rounded; plates
broad, convex, together semicircular in form, fringed with soft white hairs,
the submargin with a row of stout bristles; on the disc, near the apex, there
is, in some examples, a small pale spot.

Female.—Last ventral segment one and a half times as long as the pre-
ceding, narrow and compressed on the sides so as to inclose the base of
the pygofers, the apex feebly concave across its whole width, pygofers long

and rather narrow, the inner margin and apex narrowly pale and sparsely
covered with short bristles.

Described from three males and two females (No. 611). The
number of brown marks beneath and the extent of the white bands
above is subject to some variation. It is with pleasure that I dedi-
cate this large and striking species to the well-known scientist who
has been instrumental in bringing to our knowledge this and many
other rare and interesting insects.

14. Deltocephalus minutus n. sp.

Above pale greenish yellow; vertex with two oblique fulvous spots on
the disc; tergum and all beneath deep black. Length 2.25 mm.

Head a little wider than the pronotum; anterior edge well rounded.
Vertex almost as long as the pronotum; anterior angle obtuse, surface a little
sloping. Front short and broad, transversely convex, its length and breadth
subequal. Clypeus about two-thirds the length of the front, regularly nar-
rowed to the apex, margin almost rectilinear. Lorze small, extending about
two-thirds the length of the clypeus. Cheeks wide, strongly angled just
below the eyes; margin beyond the lorz broad, reaching the apex of the
clypeus. Anterior margin of the pronotum strongly rounded, hind margin
feebly, angularly, concave; sides very short; latero-posterior margins straight
and oblique, the angles obtuse. Scutellum small. Elytra longer than the
abdomen, narrow, the costal margin but feebly convex; apical areoles large.

Color: Vertex including the fore margin to before the ocelli, yellow;
posterior disc with two approximate oblique fulvous spots which diverge an-
teriorly; apex sometimes with two minute black points. Eyes and ocelli
black. -Face deep black; outer angles of the cheeks below the eyes, two
small points on the base of the clypeus, another at the outer edge of the
lore, and in some examples faint indications of the transverse lines on the
front, yellow. Base of the rostrum pale. Antennze brown, apex of the first
joint pale. Pronotum pale yellow, sometimes tinged with green; anterior
margin slightly uneven. Elytra whitish hyaline, tinged more or less strongly
with greenish yellow toward the base. Nervures pale yellow. Wings hya-
line, feebly iridescent; nervures pale brown, inconspicuous. Legs testaceous
brown; femora and some dots on the posterior tibize black. Abdomen black;
edge of the connexivum and posterior margin of the last dorsal segment
yellow; inner edge and apex of the plates testaceous.

Genital pieces.—Male: Last ventral segment rather deeply concave.
Valve broad and short, apical margin obtusely triangular. Plates triangular,
their apex produced, the submargin with a few short bristles. Styles ex-

tended beyond the tip of the plates, toward their apex fringed with numerous
stout bristles. Pygofers short, below thickly covered with short white hairs,
above and toward the apex with stout dusky bristles.

Described from three males (No. 610); females unknown to me.
This minute species bears a marked resemblance to D. melsheimeriz
Fitch, than'which it is almost one-half smaller. It still more closely
resembles specimens of DY. mznkii Fieber, collected in Quebec, and
kindly furnished me by M. L’ Abbe Pr ovancher, The fulvous mark-
ings on the vertex are variable in extent as is the number of pale
spots on the face.

eee
SYNOPSES OF CERAMBYCID-.

BY.CHARLES W. LENG, B: S.
(Continued from p. 69, vol. vi.)
PACHYTA Serville.

Prothorax acutely armed at the sides; eyes moderate, feebly
emarginate ; tibial spurs terminal as usual. The species may be
separated as follows :

Elytra slightly tapered, maculate, nearly rounded at tip . . . monticola.

Elytra strongly narrowed behind, testaceous, maculate or black, feebly trun-

Catemnd deiiscemty a4, a Se ee ee

Elytra strongly narrowed behind, truncate and subbidentate at tip, posterior

half of side margin black, reaching suture at tip . . . . armata.

Elytra subparallel, subzeneous with narrow transverse band wavy, tip

EQUI Fite fe Ute ee ea ie > a eh gi penniS:

Elytra subparallel, testaceous, truncate attip . . . . . . . . spurea.

P. monticola Rand. Bost. Jour. II, p.27. Lec. Agass. L. Sup. p. 235, t 8, f.

Teal

Length 9 mm. = .36in. Habitat.—Maine, Mass., N. Y., Can., L. S.,

Anticosti.

Black, elytra finely and densely pubescent, testaceous with tip
and four black spots, nearly confluent along a line near the suture.
P. litarata Kirby, Fn. Bor. Am., IV, 1837. p. 178; Mann. Bull, Mosc. 1852, II,

puso meets, bec Neto p.225° ).7\,... ser. 2, 1. p. 300.
Length 15—18 mm. = .60—.72 in. AH/ab.—L. Sup., Col., Vt., Mich., Id.,
N. Mex., Wy., W. T., Alaska, Vanc.

Black, elytra coarsely and confluently punctured, glabrous, hu-
meri prominent, testaceous, vaguely or decidedly quadrimaculate
with black or entirely black. Antenne short and very stout 9, or
about half the length of body and more slender % . *

P. armata Lec., S. M. C., No. 264, 1873, p. 207.
Length 16—19 mm. = .64—.76 in. Hab.—W. T., Or., Id.

Black, elytra punctured as in preceding, humeri prominent and
disc very convex behind the base, testaceous with black space ex-
tending from suture at tip obliquely to the middle of the margin.
Antenne, 9, half as long; ¢, nearly as long as body.

P. rugipennis Lec. |. c. (Newn. ms.).
Length 13—16 mm. = .51—.64 in. Afab.—Can.

Black, subzeneous, antennz, femora and base of tibiae ferrugi-
nous. The sculpture of the elytra consists of a reticulation of smooth,
strongly elevated lines with the depressed spaces coarsely punctured;
from the punctures proceed rather coarse golden hairs. Antenne:
% , two-thirds as long as body; 9, shorter.

P. spurca Lec. Ent. Rept., 1857, p. 63; ceryvinus Walker, Nat. Vanc., 1866,
I pi 332:
Length 23 mm. = .g2in. Aab.—Cal., Vanc., Nev.
Testaceous, elytra rather coarsely punctured and with faint
traces of coste, fairly pubescent, each with a small dusky spot at the
middle near the margin. Antennz: %, as long as body; 9, shorter.

ANTHOPHILAX LeConte.
Synoptic Table by Dr. George H. Horn.

Antenne slender, third joint much longer than fourth.
Elytra coarsely punctate scabrous, more or less metallic.
Elytra greenish blue; legs black)... ..5.4 7) d).es amyl <e I
Elytra cupreo-zeneous to blue; legs pale . . . . . malachiticus <.
Elytra testaceous, irregularly maculate with piceous spots.
Surface coarsely sparsely punctate, and with small spaces which are
distinctly pubesecent; median line of thorax distinctly impressed.

attenuatus.
Antennz stouter, third and fourth joints short, stout and nearly equal in
length.

Elytra impunctate, dull velvety red, scutellar region and apex black.
mirificus ~.
Elytra coarsely punctate, scabrous at basal half, abruptly smoother at
apical half; wholly black ... . {hue jot, # an eoras e
Elytra coarsely not closely punctate at basal hala abruptly smoother at
apical half; wholly black . .. .. . . . tenebrosus 9.

Thorax convex in /exebrosus, broadly longitudinally sulcate in
mirificus 9 and %. I suspect that vzrzd7s and malachiticus are
sexes of one species. —Gro. H. Horn.

A. viridis Lec. Agass. L. Sup. p. 236, J. A. P. ser. 2, 1, p. 326.
Length ————. Hfab.—Lake Sup., Mich.
A. malachiticus Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, 1847, p. 64; Lec. J. A. P. ser. 2,
I, p. 326;- cyaneus. Hald., Proc. Ac. Phil. iii, p. 151.
Length 13 mm, = .52in. Afab.—Somerset Co., Pa.; Lake Sup., Mich.,
Can., Mass.
A. attenuatus Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x 1847, p: 59; Lec. Agass. L. Sup., p.
PaO | Ta Nid Sy ey} 9D) SHIICy
Length 14 mm. = .56in. Hab.—Eagle Harbor, Lake Sup., N. B., S.W.
Virginia.
A. mirificus Bland, Proc. Ent. Soc., 1865, p. 382; vexustus Bland, |. c. 2.
Length 14—19 mm. = .56—.75 in. Mab.—Col., Id.
A. tenebrosus Lec. S. M. C., No. 264, 1873, p. 208.

Length 12mm. = 48in. AHad.—S. E. Cal.

The species of Anxthophilax seem to be very rare in collections,
and I regret that the genus is very poorly represented in my own.

On the Habits of Phlccophagus and Stenoscelis.
BY FRANK:H. CHITTENDEN.

Our two native species of Phleophagus live in the dead wood
of various deciduous trees, sometimes occurring together and fre-
quently also in company with a closely related species, Stenoscelis
brevis Boh. My observations would indicate that the three species
are of nearly identical habits. The mature insects pass a considerable
portion of their existence in the mines which they excavate in wood,
seldom appearing abroad or on the wing, and it is owing to their
habits that these somewhat common beetles are seldom taken by
collectors in any numbers.

Small round holes resembling pin-holes made by the adult
Phleophagi in their egress from their living quarters may frequently
be seen thickly scattered over the dead, bare portions of a variety
of trees. The similar, larger holes of Stexoscelis brvis are usually to
be found in the same situations. It may be worth while to mention
that I have always observed these species in the dead portions of
living trees, or in the upright trunks of dead trees and only in parts
that had been denuded of bark. I have never taken them from logs
or the smaller branches of trees, and have never known an instance
of their boring through or living under bark.

The larve occur with the imagines, and though the two genera
occur together, it is not difficult to separate them. The pupal stage
is doubtless, of brief duration, as I have never succeeded in securing
a single specimen.

Phleophagus apionides Horn was observed on a dead birch tree
in July, and both larve and beetles occurred in Aprik in a stump of
wild black cherry (Prunus serotina).

P._ minor Horn I have found in greater abundance than the
above. It was taken from birch, willow and elm wood in July and
November. Both species have been cut from ash by Mr. William
Jiilich (Ent. Amer. vol. iv, p. 35).

P. spadix Hbst., an imported species, was found on the sea-
beach by Mr. Jiilich (1. c.) in water-soaked pine drift wood.

Stenoscelis brevis Boh. is more common than any of the above.
I have observed it on the following trees: basswood, beech, birch,
butternut, elm, maple, sycamore, willow and European linden.
Specimens were taken from the wood in October, November, De-
cember, January, May and July, and were found abroad in the last
two months crawling about on the infested trees.

—LOoO==

SOCIETY NEWS.

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.—Meeting March 4th. Present
Prof. John B. Smith in the chair and seventy-five persons. Minutes of the last
meeting, the Treasurer’s report for February, and the report of the Librarian
were read and approved. The appropriation of $150 for the support of the
ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA for 1890, by the council of the Institute under
certain conditions, was referred to the Executive Committee for report.
Messrs. J. B. Smith and C. H. Roberts were appointed a committee to confer
with committees from the Newark and Philadelphia Entomological Societies
as to date of a joint field meeting of the members of the several societies
during the coming season. Messrs. Rodrigues Ottolengui, of 486 Vanderbilt
Avenue, Brooklyn, and Martin H. Wilckens, of 261 Henry Street, Brooklyn,
members of the Institute, were elected to membership in the Society. The
exchange of the ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA with the ‘‘ Entomological News’’
was approved.

Mr. Zabriskie exhibited male and female of the Diomorus Zabriskii
Cress., a hymenopterous parasite on the bee, Cevatina dupla Say, and the
wasp Crabro stirpicola Pack., together with enlarged diagrams showing the
structure of the external organs. This parasite is the only recorded species
of its genus in this country, and had been only seen by him on two occasions
when reared from nests of the above hosts in stems of cultivated Black Rasp-
berry.

Mr. Hulst spoke at length upon ‘‘the Phycitidee of North America,”’
illustrating his remarks by charts and black-board sketches of structure.
He first gave a history of the family from the time of Linnaeus to the present.
He then explained what a Phycitid was, showing how the family was sepa-
rated structurally from the rest of the Lepidoptera.

A description was then given of the eggs and of the larve and their
habits, some of which infest berries, others flour, meal, canned and dried
fruits ; some are twig borers, other live in silken cocoons among leaves. One
has the remarkable habit of living upon bark lice, and was the first known
instance of a North American caterpillar having that habit.

After this the imago was taken up, and the structure of all the organs was
explained in detail. Mr. Hulst took the ground that the bitufted maxillary
palpi which some of the males have, allied them very closely to the Epipas-
chiidze. He also showed that the structure of the < genitalia separated them
into two distinct groups.

Mr. Hulst afterwards exhibited his collection of North American Phyci-
tidae, in which are found the original types of nearly half the known species,
and typical specimens of a large proportion of the rest.

The meeting adjourned after an explanation of a number of stereopticon
views by Prof. Smith.

A. C. WEEKS,

Recording Secretary.

TON U6lgye
AMERICANA

VOL. VI. BROOKLYN, JUNE, 1890. No. 6,

THE BLACK PEACH APHIS.

A new species of the genus Apizs.

By ERwIN F. Situ, Sc. D., Washington, D. C.

Aphis persice-niger n. sp.

WINGED VIVIPAROUS FEMALE ( pseudogyna migrans).—Antenne as long
as the body, sometimes a little longer or shorter, black or dark brown, borne
on widely separate, inconspicuous tubercles, joints imbricated, vi and vii con-
spicuously so, the seventh always a little longer than the third; iii, 0.4g¢—o.56
mm.; iv, 0.33—0.40 mm.; v, 0.20—0.29 mm.; vi, c.og—o.II mm.; vii, 0.47—
0.61 mm.; sensoria rather large (o.oI—o.02 mm.) ringed and distinct, numer-
ous and very protuberant, giving to the under surface of the antennz a
strongly tuberculate, almost serrate character, about 4o on ili in three irreg-
ular rows, about 20 on iv in two rows, 5 or 6 on v in one row, and a group
(4—6) on the rather broad distal end of vi, one of them longer than the
others. Beak 0.69—o0.96 mm., usually not much more than reaching to the
second pair of coxze. Thorax arched with a conspicuous button-like tubercle
between the wings, black shining. Legs parti-colored; tarsi and tips of tibice
(distal one-fourth or one-fifth) black or dark brown, coxz and distal portion
of femora (two-thirds, more or less) also dark, the rest pale or yellowish;
femora smooth, or nearly so; tibiz rather evenly and strongly spined beneath;
tarsi 0.127 mm. Wings hyaline, slightly irridescent, no dusky patches or
bands, stigma pale, rather broad (0.15 mm.). Abdomen somewhat con-
stricted at junction with thorax, rounded behind and rather compact, seldom
much longer than broad, slightly margined; dorsum smooth, black and
shining throughout, or sometimes bordered with brown, never roughened,
tuberculate, mealy, or punctate; venter uniform black or dark coffee-brown,
no green or greenish markings. Cornicles twice the length of the tarsi and
nearly three times the length of the style (0.25 mm. in most individuals),
truncate and distinctly flanged, largest at the base (0.07 mm.) and tapering
gradually to the apex (0.04 mm. under the flange), sometimes narrower at the
base and slightly expanded in the middle, but never clavate, black or dark
brown, smooth or indistinctly imbricate, opaque or translucent. Style not
cone shaped, but very blunt rounded, nearly as long as broad (0.09 mm. X
0.11 mm.) and always a little shorter than the tarsi, provided with a few long

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA. Vol. VI. 6 JUNE, 1890.

—O2 =

pale bristles, and thickly set with short dark scales, which change toward the
apex into short, spreading, papillose sete. Anal plates not smooth, but im-
bricate like the style and bearing a fringe of long pale bristles. Body smooth,
rather thick set and compact; length 1.96 mm. to 2.09 mm.; breadth wing to
wing 6.54 mm. to 7.25 mm.; wing 2.73 mm. to 3.18 mm.

April to June. Leaves and twigs of the peach.

APTEROUS VIVIPAROUS FEMALE (pseudogyna fundatrix ? and pseudo-
gyna gemmans).—Antenne variable, usually about two-thirds the length of
the body, black or dark brown, set on widely separate, inconspicuous, frontal
tubercles; joints not tuberculate, vii almost always shorter than iii; no sen-
soria on iii or iv, one on distal end of v, and a group on the expanded distal
end of vi. Beak reaching to second pair of coxze and sometimes beyond,
but not to third pair, except in immature specimens (0.53 mm. to 0.82 mm.).
Thorax broad and flat, gradually widening posteriorly and blending with the
very broad abdomen into a smooth and shining black plate, in which the
separate segments are indistinguishable. Abdomen margined, broader than
long, rounded behind, so that the insect is broad wedge form, sometimes
almost cordate, especially when distended with pseudova. Abdominal seg-
ments distinct beneath, but usually only the last 2—3 visible above; venter,
and sometimes border of dorsum, dark coffee-brown, the rest very black and
shining, as if lacquered; sometimes a row of pits or depressions along the
margins, corresponding to the stigmata, dorsum not otherwise pitted and free
from hairs, tubercles, or mealiness. Length of body 1.64 mm. to 2.38 mm.;
breadth*t.0co mm. to 1.50 mm.

In all other particulars like the winged form. The young are
a uniform pale yellow or weak-coffee color, becoming darker with
each moult. The insect bears no green or greenish markings at any
stage of development. |

January to December. All parts of the peach tree above ground
and below. Commonest upon the branches from early spring to
midsummer, but also observed in autumn and twice in midwinter
(January, 1889, and January and February, 1890). Can be found
upon the roots almost always at any time of year.

Flabitat.—Virginia (!), Maryland (!), Delaware (!), New Jersey,
Michigan (!).

Very abundant and destructive along the Atlantic coast, but
rare in the West, as if recently introduced.

This aphis has been known tp peach growers for more than
twenty years, but does not appear to have been critically studied by
any one. It has been identified with AZyzus persice (Sulzer), which
it does not resemble, and with AZyzus cerast (Fab.), which it resem-
bles only superficially. Prof. Uhler thought it agreed most nearly
with Koch’s description of A. chrysanthemi, and in my first account
of the insect* I followed his judgment, not having seen the winged

* Peach Yellows: A preliminary Report, U.S. Dept. of Agric. 1889.

form. Further study with abundant material has convinced me that
it is distinct from A. carduz Linn., to which A. chrysanthemi Koch.
has been reduced. So far as I have been able to observe during
four seasons spent in the orchards, this aphis is confined exclusively
to the peach. I have never found it on the roots or tops of orchard
weeds, or even in neighboring cherry orchards. J/yzus cerasz differs
from it in half a dozen important particulars, e. g. Antenne set on
conspicuous frontal tubercles, gibbous on inner face, and only about
one-half as far apart, joints not tuberculate, except iii, which is only
slightly so; less than one-half as many sensoria on iii, five in one
row only, none on iv, one on vy; stigma narrower; no button-like
tubercle on back of thorax; femora more inclined to be hairy; cor-
nicles cylindrical and twice as long; style longer and distinctly cone-
shaped. In the apterous form the dorsum is also amg punctate
throughout, like shagreen.

This insect is an Aphis rather than a AZyzus, belonging most
properly, I think, to that section of the genus classed by Prof.
Oestlund as Aphis nectarophorini.

Among peach growers it is generally known as ‘‘the black
aphis.’’? It may, therefore, appropriately bear the name of Aphis
persice-niger, especially since all the mature forms yet discovered
are shining as well as black.

(To be continued. )

Mr. Liebeck, in ‘‘ Entomological News’’ No. 4, gives an inter-
esting account of how he makes use of a white dog to attract Cole-
optera in early evening. A collector of no mean standing tells of
a still more effective method which accident disclosed to him. It is
his practice to take a stroll through the fields with his wife on sum-
mer evenings, and usually his beating net accompanies him. One’
evening, returning from a stroll, a light rain induced the lady, to
protect the makeup of her hair, to turn up her skirt over her head,
exposing the white petticoat. Soon our friend’s attention was at-
tracted by numerous black spots on this white surface, and investi-
gation showed that they were Coleoptera, which were promptly
bottled, and many of which proved good things. Of course it is
not absolutely necessary that the white surface should be either a
dog or q petticoat, but in default of anything better, either will
answer as an attraction.

SYNOPSES OF CERAMBYCID&.

BY CHARLES W. LENG, Boss:

(Continued from p. 98,-vol. vi.)

ACMZOPS LeConte.

In the preparation of the following table and notes I have re-
ceived much assistance from Dr. Geo. H. Horn; both in permission
to examine his sets of the variable species (twenty species, of sev-
eral of which no two are exactly alike), and by his experience as to
the characters which are trustworthy in separating such. And I am
indebted to Mr. Samuel Henshaw for numerous additions to the lists
of localities. It is to be noted in this connection that many Western
species which reach South to New Mexico, are there found among
the mountains where the elevation causes climatic influences similar
to their customary Northern habitat.

This genus contains a number of species of moderate size, in
which the head is not at all, or only moderately constricted behind
in Zsa. Dr. LeConte indicated three groups. The last, containing
only pratensis, is abundantly distinct by the very long mouth and
front. The first has its characters most fully developed in dzv7¢tata,
viz.: a short, stout form, tarsi short and stout, the first joint scarcely
as long as the next two combined, short antenne, the joints almost
serrate, and the third and fourth joints neither as long as the fifth.
The tarsal joints are densely clothed beneath with short pubescence,
which on each joint is equally dense. The second group contains
more slender species, the antennal joints longer and more slender,
and the tarsal joints longer (especially the first) and unequally clothed ~
beneath, most of the species having the dense pubescence confined to
the third joint. A. drecta represents the group, except that the first
tarsal joint is abnormally long. This second group also contains
those species which have a flattened thorax and most nearly resem-
ble Lefiura. The form of the prothorax varies considerably, being
either decidedly angulated, or very indistinctly angulated, or rounded
on the disc. In dzscotdea and Proteus it is strongly flattened and
channeled, with edges slightly prolonged and elevated each side.
Many of the species are liable to great variations in color, which
have been heretofore described as species, but are now considered
unworthy to rank even as varieties, the various forms blending in-
sensibly into one another. Following Dr. LeConte’s paper, S. M.
C. No. 264, 1873, I have prepared this ;

Synopsis.

Group I.—Short stout species; hind tarsal joints stout, equally pubescent
beneath; antennz stout, except in ¢horacica.
A.—Prothorax with lateral angle distinct, sides behind the middle concave.
Black, prothorax yellow, densely pubescent, elytra densely punctured.
thoracica.
Color variable, very slightly pubescent, elytra sparsely punctured.
bivittata.
Blackish blue, scarcely pubescent, elytra coarsely and distantly punctured.
atra.
Greenish bronze, pubescent, elytra coarsely and sparsely punctured,
general form less stout, and lateral angle of thorax more rounded.

subenea.

B.—Prothorax with lateral angle rounded, not prominent, sides parallel be-
hind.

Testaceous, feebly pubescent; punctures of elytra irregular towards base.

pinguis.

Dark metallic blue, black or bronze; pubescence yellowish, soft and long.

tumida.

Black, elytra violet blue; pubescence short, black, erect. . . . Viola.

Group II.—Slender species; hind tarsal joints slender, last joint only usually
densely pubescent beneath and more broadly bilobed; antennz
slender.

A.—Disc of prothorax convex, slightly channeled and densely punctured.

Prothorax longer than wide; first and third hind tarsal joints densely
pubescent beneath, second wholly or partly bare.

Elytra more sparsely punctured, pubescence very short and sparse;

elytra black, vittate more or less with testaceous, or wholly tes-

taceous.
Sides of head parallel behind the eyes . . . . . . Jongicornis.
Sides of head oblique behind the eyes.
Prothorax more densely punctured . ..... . . Vineta.
Prothorax shining, less densely punctured... . . . .~ ligata.
Elytra more densely punctured with short pubescence; black, with the
base more orlessred. ... . oa oo ie

Prothorax wider than long; hind tarsi with third joint only densely pu-
bescent beneath.
Hind angles of prothorax not prominent; pubescence sparse; elytra
black, varying to testaceous, or with red humeral angle. militaris.
Hind angles of prothorax prominent; elytra black, varying to fuscous,
clothed with soft, long pubescence . . . . . . subpilosa.
B.—Disc of prothorax convex, coarsely punctured, lateral angle prominent;
antennz stouter, third and fourth joints together not longer than
fifth; elytra very deeply punctured.
Black; head, scape of antenne, elytra and legs rufotestaceous. lisa n. sp.
C.—Disc of prothorax convex, not channeled, sparsely and finely punctured,
elytra rounded at tip.
Sides of head behind the eyes straight, oblique, neck concave.

=—1O0-

Testaceous; elytra coarsely punctured with suture, dorsal vitta and

side margin black ... . «(ie ' pi, RRC eats

Sides of head behind the eyes tumid, rounded, Besoorht prothorax more

deeply constricted behind.

Black, with fine hoary pubescence, mouth and prothorax ferruginous.

falsa.

D.—Disc of prothorax flattened behind and prolonged each side into a tu-
bercle; elytra truncate at tip.

Prothoracic tubercles conical lateral; black, elytra opaque, base and side

margin and sometimes the suture bright red . . . discoidea.

Prothoracic tubercles dorsal, obtusely rounded; black, elytra shining,

more distinctly punctured, black, striped, testaceous or fuscous.

proteus.

Group III.—A moderately stout small species; the front and mouth ex-

tremely long; antennz inserted in front of the line joining the

anterior margin of the eyes; prothorax campanulate, constricted

in front, wider and feebly’constricted behind; elytra truncate at

tip.
Black, elytra black, fuscous, or testaceous, sometimes with a dorsal vitta
and tip fuscous. i 2). eG. Shes “aus aky vt) SO ae

Bibliography, etc.
A. thoracica Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. 1847, x, p. 60; swdcicollis Dej., Cat.
third edition, p. 38r.

Length 8 mm. = .32 inch. /7ab.—Pa., Mass., Va.

This species resembles the next in appearance, and seems to be
rare in collections. JI am unable to say to what extent it varies in
color. Mr. Bland has described a form of this species under the
name zzcerta with the base of the tibize yellow.

A. bivittata Say, J. A. P. 1823, III, p. 416; zigripennis Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2
I1850, p. 323; vartans Lec., |. ¢., p. 324; fuscuceps Lee. ioc. p-
324.
Length 6—9 mm. = .24—.36 inch. Had.—N. Y., N. H., Ill., la., Wis.,
Dak., Neb., Mo., Kans., Col., N. C.

‘The typical form of this insect has the elytra yellow, with two
black vittee, while the thorax and legs may be either yellow, or more
or less black. The form xigripennis has black elytra, with thorax
more or less yellow. The form varians is entirely black, and /us-
ciceps is entirely testaceous, except the dusky head. While there
can be no doubt of the specific identity of all these forms, it may be
well to retain some names for convenience in exchanging.

A. atra Lec., |. c. 1850, p. 323.

Length 8 mm. = .32 inch. A7aé.—Oreg., Wash., Nev., Idaho.

The coarse, sparsely-placed punctuation of the elytra, and very
sparse pubescence, make this a very distinctive species.

A. subzenea Lec., |. c. 1850, p. ror.
Length 9 mm. = .36 inch. A/ab.—Cal.

This species is grouped with the preceding in the table, the
outline of prothorax behind the tubercle being decidedly concave,
but the tubercle itself is very nearly rounded, and the insect resem-
bles the following species in form. The color and coarser punctua-
tion will, however, distinguish it from saéfzlosa, its nearest cousin,
in the next group.

A. pinguis Lec., S. M. C. No. 264, 1873, p. 210.

Length 9 mm. — .36 inch. /Zab.—Cal.

‘The punctures of the basal half of the elytra are arranged so
as to give the appearance of faint longitudinal stripes, of which the
inner one runs obliquely forward towards the humerus, so as to tend
to unite with the others’’ (LeConte).

This species is at present represented by a unique in Dr. Horn’s
collection.

A. tumida Lec., Ent. Rept. 1857, p. 63; dugens Lec., |. c.; fusca Lec., |. c.;
californica Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, I, p. 101; subcyanea Lec., Ent.
Rept. p. 63; mo/lipilosa Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1860, p. 321.

Length 7—12 mm. = .28—.48 inch. /7ab.—Oreg., Col., Nev., Cal.

This species varies in color from black, partly or wholly fuscous
or testaceous to blue, and also considerably in the amount of pubes-
cence. The forms described by Dr. LeConte are inseparable and
were all referred by him, in 1873, to fwmzda. The name it will be
noted is not the earliest, but the most descriptive.

A. viola Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1860; p. 321; Horn, Trans. A. E. S. xii, 1885,
p. 180.

Length 11 mm. = .43 inch. 7ad.—Oreg., Cal., Nev.

Similar to zumzda, but differs as follows: ‘‘ color violet-blue,
legs and antennz black, surface clothed with short, black, erect
hair. The elytra are more densely punctate, and the thorax rather
less so than in ¢fumzda’’ (Horn).

A. longicornis Kby., 1837, Fn. Bor. Am. p. 185; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, I, p. 321.

Length 9—11 mm. = .36—.44 inch. Hab.—Cal., Col., Wash., Oreg.,

BGR, City!)

Elytra usually black vittate with yellow; legs yellow or black.
Varies all black, or all testaceous, suture black, or as in marginalis
(Lec., Ent. Rept. p. 28), elytra testaceous, margin black.

A. vincta Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1861, p. 346.

Length 12—13 mm. = .47—.53 inch. //a6.—Cal., Oreg., Utah, Neb.

Closely resembles preceding in form, color and_ variations.
Differs by head being oblique behind the eyes, hind impression of
prothorax deeper and general form less robust.

—108—-

A. ligata Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 211.
Length 8—12 mm. = .32—.48 inch. HY¥ab.—Mont., Wash., Col., Ks., Mo.
Closely allied to the preceding, but is distinguished from /ong7-
cornis by less robust form and shape of head, and from both wncta
and /ongicornis by the prothorax being less densely punctured, more
shining and more constricted, especially at the base.

I am of the opinion that the three last-named species—/ong?-
cornis, vincta and “gata, should be united under the oldest name,
viz.: longicornis Kirby. I have quoted the characters given by Dr.
LeConte for their separation, and I think the possessor of large
series of either species will find them all in his set.

A. basalis Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 211.

Length ro—11 mm. = .40—.44 inch. Aad.

Cal., Wash., Nev.

A slender species, proportioned somewhat like /ongicornis, but
with the elytra more flattened and more densely punctured. The
head is gradually narrowed behind the eyes, as usual, but is very
distinctly constricted, though not strongly at base. The elytra vary
somewhat in color, being often lighter, but the red color at base is
always distinct on the umbones.

A. directa Newn., 1842, Entom. p. 71; 4-vitéata Linn. (fide Hald.); vittata
Sweder Vet. Ac. Nya Handl. 1787, viii, p. 198; Hald., Trans.
Am. Phil. x, p. 65; 4-v7¢¢ata Schon., Syn. Ins. i, p. 497; pallida
Pale ices 65;
Length 6—8 mm. = .24—.32 inch. Aad.—Pa.,.N. J., Vt., N. Y., Md.,
Ga., Ala., Ohio.
A. militaris Lec:, J..A. P; ser: 2, 1; 1350, p. i322:
Length 7—9 mm. — .28—.32 inch. Aaé.—Or., Wash., Cal., Idaho.
Dr. LeConte describes this species as ‘‘ bfack, with rather long
ashy pubescence with a small red humeral spot.’’ This form ap-
pears to be rather rare, and that usually met with is without the red
spot and sparsely pubescent. It is often entirely black, but varies
in color like the following, from which it may be known by the less
slender form, particularly of the thorax.
A. subpilosa Lec., 1. c.; Zwpima Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. xii, 1860, p. 321; dorsalis
Lec., Col. of Kansas 1859, p. 2r.
Length 5—11 mm. = .36—.44 inch. Mab.—Wash., Oreg., Cal., Wyo.,
Mont., Utah, Kans., Rocky Mts.
Black, vittate with, or entirely testaceous; pubescence long and
soft.
A. lisa n. sp.
Length 8 mm. = .32 inch. Aaé.—Wash.

One specimen sent to Dr. Hornand marked by him ‘‘ evidently

new.’’ The head is more strongly constricted behind than in any
other Acm@ops, but the general fascies is similar to the slender spe-
cies like /ongicornis. Eyes deeply emarginate, head and mouth
parts and first two joints of antennz rufo-testaceous; prothorax
black, constricted in front, strongly angulated at sides and hind
angles prominent, but not produced, longer than wide; densely, not
coarsely punctured, a small smooth space on disc near base. Elytra
nearly parallel, very coarsely, almost confluently punctured at base,
less coarsely at tip, which is bluntly rounded; rufo-testaceous, clothed
with very fine golden pubescence. This pubescence is scarcely per-
ceptible without a strong glass. Legs also rufo-testaceous, hind
and middle tarsi and tibiz and part of femora darker. Hind tarsi,
with third joint deeply bilobed and densely pubescent beneath, the
first and second joints almost glabrous. Beneath black, except
head and center of prosternum.

A. falsa Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 80.
Length 6—7 mm. = .24—.28 mm. AH/ab.—So. Cal.

I have seen no variation in the color of this species, even in the
extensive series in Dr. Horn’s collection.

A. discoidea Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 60; Lec., Agass. L. Sup. p. 235;
Dey, Cat. sedp: saa,
Length 6.5—8 mm. = .26—.32 mm. Had.—L. Sup., Mich., Pa., N. J.,
N. Y., Mass. f
This also is a constant species; the red color may entirely en-
circle the black on the elytra, but is never more than a narrow edge,
and it is never missing at the base.

A. proteus Kirby, 1837, l. c., p. 186; swbZineata Hald., |. c. p. 60.
Length 6—9 mm. — .24—.36 inch. AHaé.—Pa., L. Sup., Mich., Wash.,
Naveed Bele Col On Vist. Mont..oNe Mex; Kans: (Gant
Ni HL, Mass... Labrador. .-%54°60°”” (Kirby).

The coloring varies from black to testaceous in every degree.
The form described as g7édu/a by Dr. LeConte differs by the lateral
elevations of prothorax being less prominent and cannot be sepa-
rated from the typical form.

A. pratensis Laich, 1784, Verz. Tyr. Ins. ii, p. 172; Muls., Col. Fr. 2d ed. p.
492, and many other descriptions in European publications;
strigilata Fab., Ent. Syst. i, 2, p. 341; Léc., Agass. L. Sup. p.
325; J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p. 323; semdmarginata Rand., Bost. Jour.
li, p. 20; dougiceps Kirby, |. c. p. 187; fulvipennis Mann., Bull.
Mosc. 1853, iii, p. 251.
Length 6—8.5 mm. — .24—.34 inch. A/aé.—Kenai, Col., Mont., Mich.,
“54° 65°” (Kirby), Anticosti, N. Mex., Ks., Or., Me., L. Sup.,
Vanc., Wyo., Nev.

we

Varies greatly as indicated in table. The very long mouth and
front make this a very remarkable species.

PIODES Leconte.
P. coriactea Lec. J. A. P. ser: 2, 1 p. 318; Ent. Rept. 1857, p. 62.
Length 19 mm. = .75 in. /faé.—Oregon.

Black piceous, somewhat shining, head and thorax very closely
rugosely punctate; elytra rugose.

‘“The whole appearance of this insect is that of a Priontde,; it
differs, however, by its immarginate thorax and conical anterior
coxee. Eyes scarcely prominent, mandibles rather long edentate,
antennee scarcely longer than head and thorax; thorax wider than
long, very densely rugosely punctured, dorsal line finely impressed.
Elytra twice as wide as thorax and half longer than wide, truncate
at base, dilated a little behind the middle, rounded at apex, densely

rugose with a few scattered punctures.”’
()—-—————-
Dr. Horn has kindly called our attention to an error in the

bibliography of Pachyta, viz.: P. rugipennis should read Newn.

Zool. 11, p. 476; Lec., etc. Got Lec.” Newn. ms); This had been
already pointed out by Dr. Horn (Ent. Am. i, p. 6, and note 14,
p- 9), and stands correctly in Henshaw’s List.

It should be understood that Dr. Horn’s work on Anthophilax
ends with his signature. . There is a good colored figure of A. m-
rificus under the name Pachyta costaricensis Bates, Biol. Cent. Am.

Pee Ta ple RK IO. AT,
©)

I am indebted to Mr. Samuel Henshaw for many of the localities
above given and following additions to those given in last numbers.
Agallissus gratus Hald. (not Lec.), Proc. Ac. 1853, vi, p. 363; N. Mex.
Atimia confusa Cal., Mass.

dorsalis Guadaloupe, Id., S. Cal.
Distenia undata R. J., La., S. W. Va., Ga., Tex., Mich.
Desmocerus palliatus Can. W., N. Y., Ga., Mo., Wis.
auripennis Or.
Necydalis mellitus Can. W., N. Y., Ga., Mo., Wis.
Ulochetes leoninus Vanc., Ft. Crooke.
Encyclops ceruleus Me., N. H., Mass., Pa., Wis.
(To be continued. )

potest ee ee es ee

The mosquito is to have a new lease of life! The Lamborn
prizes have been awarded to those who most gracefully said{that the
Dragonflies couldn’t master him. We said the same thing long
since and got no prize either!

—=TLI-=

THREE NEW SPECIES OF COLEOPTERA.

RY J. J. RIVERS.

Amblychila baroni n. sp.—Form graceful; above wholly of a subdued
resinous black; beneath shining black. Head subquadrate, with two punc-
tures distant from each other and situated just behind the first or clypeal
suture; two other punctures are behind the the second or frontal suture, but
these punctures are firmer and closer together and nearly central; on the
vertex near the eye is a triangle of three punctures. Thorax strongly convex,
slightly longer than wide when looked at from above, but exact measurement
of the anterior margin, through its great convexity, shows it to be greater
than its longitudinal measurement; the side margins narrow from the front
to the hind angles, in a gentle curve where they end in a transverse constric-
tion that involves the hind margin, though it is raised above the constriction;
the pronotum is produced in the middle on the front margin, and it is ex-
tended in the middle of the hind margin; hind angle subacute; a fine longi-
tudinal impressed line, which does not reach either the front or hind margins.
Elytra twice as long as wide, convex; flattened upon the central area; a series
of well formed imbricated punctures and representing about sixteen broken
rows; at the base a few of these imbrications become connected forming a
short ridge or keel, while some others have developed into a mucron over-
hanging a puncture, or else forming a slight elevation between punctures; the
whole becoming less asperate towards the apex. The acute margin extends
from the basal angle about two-thirds and becomes obsolete; it is formed of
a narrow carina slightly interrupted, and it is accompanied on its upper side
by a row of fine punctures the acute and real margins are nearly parallel,
and the interval between them is ornamented by four rows, much broken, of
mucronate punctures like those on the elytra. Length r.00 inch; 25 mm.

One specjmen. 2, found by Mr. Oscar F. Baron, in Pantano
County, Arizona, after whom I have great pleasure in naming this
insect.

The above insect is certainly not easily confounded with any
other North American species; Picolomini’s example is conceded to
be a varietal form of Say’s A. cylindriformis, and the great size and
profuse ornamentation in 4. cylindriformis will alone be sufficient
to separate it from A. baront. ‘

Cychrus (Brennus) oreophilus n. sp.—Form broad, flattish convex, with
beautiful outline, prothorax dull black, elytra moderately shining black, be-
neath shining black. Head proportionate, front nearly smooth, with a well
marked depression inside orbital ridge; genze doubly notched. Thorax wider
than long, widest across the foremost third, then decreasing sharply and ob-
liquely to the hind margin, which is much contracted between the angles; in
the oblique side margin there is, in some examples, the faintest indication of
a sinuation; hind margin truncate, angles acute: at the base is a transverse
impression, out of which grows a central depressed line reaching near to the
front margin. Elytra with thirteen equally formed strize, coarsely punctate

—Ii{2—

after the style seen in s7mus, the confused strize at the sides number about
five, and are of a net work pattern; the inflexed portion is smooth with faint
punctures; the acute margin is sharply defined and the disc is slightly flat-
tened.

Received from Shingle Springs, Eldorado County, California.

This has been confused with C. od/iguus, but its less convexity,
the finer puncturings and intervals, and the non-interrupted strize
of the elytra, easily distinguish it. The greater width of the thorax
in contrast with the narrowness at the hind margin, it having the most
oblique side margin of any known Cychrus, and still further the
black without the least semblance of purple additionally characterize
it.

It belongs to group 3, section 13, of Horn’s ‘‘ Synopsis of the
Species of Cychrus inhabiting Boreal America.’’* It should be
placed just before s¢rzatus.

The home of the species is in the Foot-hills of Eldorado Co.,
California.

Necydalis barbare n. sp.—Form large, robust; color chestnut-brown to
pitchy-black. Head rugosely punctate and with a well defined frontal channel.
Thorax with lateral protuberance, and with two depressions above, dorsal
channel nearly obliterated, boldly constricted both before and behind. Elytra
flat, finely rugosely punctate, slightly depressed on disc, sutural margins per-
fect, ending in a slight projectian; there is, however, a continuous margia
around the apex, which reaches to the humeral angles; tip truncate, not
convex, as in the other species. Size 22 mm. = .87 inch.

Flabitat.—Santa Barbara, Cal. Collected by Oscar F. Baron.

A BIT OF HISTORY.

BY PROF, C. H. FERNALD:

ce

In the ‘‘ North American Entomologist,’’ vol. i, p. 102 (1880),
I expressed the desire to have the date of Zeller’s Chilon. et Cramb.,
definitely determined, so that we could know positively whether
Walker's or Zeller’s species should take precedence. In the same
place I published an extract from a letter from Dr. Hagen, giving
his reasons for believing that Zeller’s paper was published before
Walker’s work on the Crambide.

Early in 1881 I wrote to Prof. Zeller, himself, asking for the
date of publication of his work on the Crambide, but he did not
answer that part of my letter. My copy of Zeller’s Crambide is
one of the separata, and gives no clue to the date beyond the year,

* Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. vii, December, 1878.

1863, but Prof. J. B. Smith kindly loaned me his copy for examina-
tion, and this contains the rest of the work. So conclusive did the
evidence appear that Zeller’s paper antedated Walker’s, that I pub-
lished an account of it in Ent. Amer. vol. v, p. 215, along with
the correct dates of publication of several of Walker’s works.

, Mr. Meyrick wrote me soon after that he had seen a copy of
Zeller’s paper with ‘‘ed. July, 1863,’’ on the title page in Zeller’s
own hand writing. I had previously seen a copy in Berlin with the
same words, said to be Zeller’s hand writing, but the evidence from
Prof. Smith’s copy was so conclusive that I felt sure there must be
some mistake in the Berlin copy.

In the ‘‘ Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine’’ for April, 18go,
p. 111, Mr. Meyrick has published a note in which he expresses
doubts of my conclusions because of the date given in the copy
mentioned above. I am free to confess that I felt quite uncertain
about the matter when I learned that two copies, at least, contained
the same date of publication—July, 1863, but Mr. Stainton has
added to the above note of Mr. Meyrick some extracts from letters
received from Zeller which settle the matter beyond all doubt. I
give here the last two:

‘‘Meseritz, 21st June, 1863.—Next week the printing of my
Crambiden will be finished. I am now busy with the Index and list
ot; Errata.”’

‘‘Meseritz, 21st July, 1863.—Herewith you will receive some
separate copies of my Crambiden. The reason for the date of pub-
lication being writen is that the year appears on the title of the
‘Schulnachricht,’ which remains here.’’

I hasten to correct the error into which I had fallen, and thank
Messrs. Meyrick and Stainton for calling my attention to the matter,
and for giving us the real facts in the case. This information is
certainly very opportune, for it comes before the issuing of my work
on the N. A. Crambide.

¢

Mr. Fletcher has sent us a slip from an Australian paper in which
is treated at some length a little Capszd, thought to be undescribed,
and very injurious to vegetation. Among other characteristics—
‘“when the insect is in repose the antenne are doubled under the
body betweeen the legs, but when piercing the fruit they erect and
straighten out the serrated weapons, which are sharp pointed, and
exert their strength in piercing the stem or fruit. The attacking
antennze are covered at intervals with a very minute capillary sub-
stance, the use of which we are unable at present to define, though
it may aid in the process of suction,”’

SOME APPARENTLY NEW NOCTUIDZ IN THE
COLLECTION OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM.

BY HENRY EDWARDS.

During my stay in London, two years ago, I was enabled,
through the kindness of Mr. A. G. Butler, to examine the large
number of Noctuze and Geometride collected some years ago in
Southern Oregon and Northern California by Lord Walsingham,
and I recognized as entirely new to me, and I believe to science, the
following species. I have little doubt that a more lengthened and
careful examination than I was able to make would result in the dis-
covery of many other uncharacterized forms, particularly among
the Geometride and Pyralidz. Had I returned to London the fol-
lowing year, as it was my intention to do, I should have taken with
me some types for comparison, and would have done my best to
work up the whole series, but that pleasure has been denied me, and
I therefore think it best to place on record the descriptions of those
I did examine.

Herrichia cervina n. sp. Primaries reddish fawn color, ochreous at the
base, with median band of a darker shade, narrow on internal margin, much
widening on costa and enclosing the round reniform and subreniform, which
are both bordered with ochreous. Behind the median band is a broad paler
shade, clouded with darker fawn color and encroached upon by two sharp
teeth proceeding from the brown submarginal band. The paler shades are
mottled with darker fawn color. Secondaries dusky fawn color, with the
fringes of both wings reddish fawn. Thorax and abdomen concolorous.
Underside of primaries dusky fawn, costa and margin reddish, with an indis-
tinct median waved line, which is continued on the secondaries, the ground
color of which is redder than that of the upper wings. Discal spot distinct.
Abdomen, thorax and legs reddish fawn. Exp. wings 20 mm.

Four specimens. Mt. Shasta district.

I place this insect in Mr. Grote’s genus, as it appears to me to
be, at any rate, very closely allied to it, bearing, as it does, a strong
superficial resemblance to the well-known /Z. modlissima.

%

Annaphila casta n. sp. Allied to 4. diva Gr. Primaries brownish black
at the base and for about one-half of the wing, the brown space being mot-
tled with bluish scales. The dark half of the wing is interrupted quite ob-
liquely behind by a broad, clear white band, encroached upon anteriorly in
the middle by a small brown point from the brown basal space. Otherwise
the anterior edge of the white band is quite even and runs directly from the
exterior third of the external margin to the costa. The posterior margin of
the band is clouded at the external angle with dusky. In the middle is a large
circular brown spot, and a smaller one above it, triangular in shape, repre-
senting the reniform and subreniform. The apex of the wing is broadly

—1I5—

filled up with brownish, dotted, as is the base, with bluish scates. The sec-
ondaries are clear chalk-white, not creamy, as in A. diva. The marginal
band is broader and more even on its edges than in that species, and the base
of the wing is more densely filled up with black. Beneath the ground color
is wholly pure clear white, and not yellowish, as in A. diva. On the apical
margin of primaries is a heavy blackish patch containing a series of six sagit-
tate, bluish white spots; before this the white band of the upper side is re-
peated with a small black linear and one roundish discal spot, and then a
blackish band widest on costa. The base is white, with a bluish tinge. The
secondaries have the marginal band of the upper side repeated with small
bluish white patches, while the base is marked by a bluish white cloud, en-
closed by black hairs, broadening into a spot on the costa. The thorax above
is concolorous with the base of the wings. Abdomen brown at base, becom-
ing gradually white towards the tip, the segments being indicated by narrow-
white bands. Below, the thorax, abdomen, legs and palpi are clear pure
white. Average expanse of diva, ten examples, 17 mm.; caséa, ten ex-
amples, 21 mm.

Oregon. Camp No. 9g.

There is no doubt as to distinctness of this species. The col-
lection contained many specimens of A. adzéva for comparison, and
though resembling each other, it would be impossible to confound
the two forms.

Euclidia annexa n. sp.—Primaries slate-brown. A little before the middle
begins a brown mark which is remarkably like that in the well-known £. 7
of Europe. It is almost even on its anterior edge, scarcely touching the in-
ternal margin, but there slightly rounded and curving upward into a deep
tooth in the middle, broadening along the course of the median nerve and
running up to costa, where it is joined by another longitudinally-oblong brown
patch not reaching to the internal margin. These patches are bordered by a
pale line, and in the larger patch is a distinct black dot. On the costa sub-
apically is a greenish brown patch, and the external margin is also brownish,
with a paler anterior shade. The secondaries are dusky slate color, with two
very distinct ochreous waved bands, and a patch of the same shade in the
middle near the costa, enclosing a brown discal spot. Abdominal margins
dusky. Underside wholly pale ochreous, with the margins, two waved bands,
and discal marks brownish black. Thorax and abdomen above wholly brown-
black, except the tip of the latter, which is ochreous. Beneath wholly ochre-
ous. Expanse of wings 30 mm.

Six specimens, Rouge River, Oregon.
—_<>—

It has been claimed that ‘‘sugar’’ is not attractive to moths in
tropical countries, and that quite different bait must be used. Dry
codfish and other strong smelling substances are used with success,
and recently I learned of quite a novel attraction; it is simply the
collector’s shirt that he has had on all day when hard at work and
which is said to be rather superior to anything else as bait.

—1r16—

NOTES AND NEWS.

Such phantastic stories about the prices of rare Lepidoptera
spring up at intervals in our entomological contemporaries that a
line should be drawn somewhere. I admit that as much as £20 to
£30 will be paid in the English markets for an insect, but only when
it is a unique and has been so far found but once. :

The rarity of Teznopalpus imperialis 2 has been overrated.
Within the last two years more than twenty females have been ob-
tained, and the price ranges now from about $25 to $40, according
to the size and state of the insect. The main collecting ground for
it is Tiger Hill, 8500 feet high, southeast of Darjeeling, Himalayas,
but lately it has been caught likewise in neighboring districts.

sk sb sb
% 7 7s

ce

It is simply wonderful how some of the Lepidoptera are ‘‘ pro-
tected,”’ z. e., protect themselves successfully against the attacks of
birds, bats, lizards, etc., by a peculiar odor which they emit. Promi-
nent East Indian collectors: Doherty, Mowis, Hartert and Nicéville,
have lately given us many points about it.

Hartert says: ‘‘ Few people, even among those who have col-
lected in the tropics, know by own experience the pungent smell
which many Lepidoptera emit. There is an idea that the smell is
only peculiar to the males and serves them for making themselves
agreeable to the females. This rule is not without an exception, for
among a certain Delias of Upper Assam, which was endowed with
a very strong musk smell, I found a few smell-bearing females.

Many of the large Pafzlios emit a faint smell of musk, most of
the Alymnias bear a weak, but pleasant perfume, and the males of
Ornithoptera rhadamanthus and ruficollis carry a faint, unpleasant
smell. Lethe mekara Moore, of Assam, smells considerably like
violets, but the most remarkable instance is given by the extremely
rare Hesperian Calliana pieridotdes ®%, which Doherty and I ob-
tained in a few examples in Assam during October. The strong
smell of this beautiful insect excels charmingly any perfume known
to me, and reminds one of the aroma of the flowers of Heliotrope.
The smell of the maies of Eup/ea is unpleasant to me, but liked by
some of my colleagues.’’

So far Hartert. Doherty wrote me about the same, only adding
that the papers in which he had folded C. pzeridozdes retained the
pleasant odor for a number of hours after death.

B. NEUMOEGEN.

PREPARATORY STAGES OF ARCTIA DOCTA Walk.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR.

EGcG.—Conoidal, the base flat, smooth and shiny. Color pearly
white, or pale yellow. They are not fastened to a surface as is usual,
but appear to be laid loosely, perhaps some adhering together.
Before hatching, the orange-colored head of the included larva is
seen through the transparent shell at the summit of the egg and the
black larVal hairs curved spirally around it. Duration of this stage
eight days.

First LARVAL STAGE.—The head and cervical spot are semi-
transparent pale orange, the eyes black. Body pale whitish, with
about eight warts per segment, blackish, producing long, white and
black hairs. Length 2mm. Duration of this stage three days.

SECOND LARVAL STAGE.—Head testaceous, but the eyes and
jaws brown. The body is similarly colored with the head, but paler,
the warts large and blackish, bearing black hairs. Length about
4mm. Duration of this stage three days.

THIRD LARVAL STAGE.—Head testaceous; the eyes, jaws and
two large spots on the vertex, blackish; a few hairs. Body brown,
the subdorsal space nearly black, with a pale whitish dorsal line.
The black warts produce short black hairs and a few long pale ones.
Length of the larva 8 mm. Duration of this stage four days.

FourtH LarvaL STaGe.—Head black and shining. Body
dark brown, nearly black dorsally, leaving a pale, interrupted, dorsal
stripe. Warts black, arranged as in the mature larva and producing
black hairs, with a few longer, paler ones. Feet black. Length
t1omm. Duration of this stage five days. -

Pirta LARVAL STaGe.—Head black, but paler about mouth
and behind the eyes. Palpi pale. Body black, paler on the venter,
with an interrupted reddish dorsal line. The abdominal feet are
pale, and the spiracles reddish; otherwise as before. Length 15
mm. Duration of this stage eight days.

SIxTH LARVAL STAGE.—Head black, slightly reddish centrally
and paler at the sides; the plates above the mouth are whitish; jaws
black, and palpi pale, with a black ring, the last joint reddish.
Body velvety black with an interrupted dorsal red stripe absent on
joints 2, 3, 4 and 13, forming a row of eight red spots, rounded
posteriorly aud pointed anteriorly. Thoracic feet black; abdominal
black with the claspers pale brown. Hairs black, a few longer white
ones posteriorly while those from the subventral warts are tawny
reddish. The hairs are stiff and spiny, about 5 mm. long and are

6*

—118—

not abundant enough to hide thé body even just after moulting.
There are a few black hairs on the head and a fringe of short hair
overhangs it. The warts are large, dull black, and arranged ex-
actly as in the larva of Avachnis picta Pack.* Spiracles white.
Length of the larva at maturity 45 mm. Duration of this, the last
larval stage, eleven days.

Cocoon.—A slight netting of threads drawing together any
loose material and containing no hairs, for these remain on the cast
skin. The operations of forming the cocoon and preparation for
pupation occupy five days.

Pupa.—When first formed the pupa has the thorax, head and
cases pale transparent yellow, the abdomen white, purple between
the segments with a brick-red dorsal interrupted line and several
rows of darker red spots on the sides and venter. The cremaster
is broad, but very short, with four spines of about equal length;
color pale brown. Soon the whole pupa turns shining black and
becomes covered with a white bloom. Cases creased; thorax and
abdominal segments punctured. Duration of this stage twenty-
eight days.

Foop-PLANTS.—The larve seem to be practically omnivorous,
at least for tender plants growing near the ground. I. carried some
from California to the East and fed them on the native plants by the
way. They reached maturity in Florida on the food-plant of Dz/o-
phonota ello. During all the larval stages they feed only at night,
and are very lively in their attempts to run and hide if disturbed.
Larve from Los Angeles County, Cal.

EXCURSION.

The committee from the Brooklyn, Newark and Philadelphia
Societies have decided upon Upper Jamesburg, N. J., as the place
where the field meeting of the entomologists of the three cities and
neighboring points is to take place on the 4th of July next. James-
burg is on the Amboy Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, and
may be reached from New York via Perth Amboy and Rahway at
g.10 a. m., Newark at 9.36 a.m.; v7a Monmouth Junction, New
York 7.20 a. m., Newark 7.50 a.m. Leave Philadelphia from
Broad Street at 6.50 a. m. via Camden at 7.10 a. m.

The 7.20 a. m. from New York via Monmouth Junction meets
the 6.50 from Philadelphia at Monmouth Junction, and this train is

* See Ent. Amer. vol. vi, p. 74.

recommended, as it will bring the party into Jamesburg at the same
time. Excursion fare about $2.10 from New York and Philadelphia.
All the entomologists desiring to attend will be heartily welcomed,
whether members of the societies organizing the excursion or not,
but in order that the necessary arrangements for creature comforts
can be made, all those expecting to take part in the field-meeting
will please notify one of the members of the committee as soon as
convenient. Further information may be obtained from the com-
mittee:

Dr. D. M. Castle, 2007 Arch St., Philadelphia.

C. P. Machesney, 65 Broadway, New York.

C. H. Roberts, 235 W. 122d St., New. York.

J. B. Smith, Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N. J.
H. W. Wenzel, 1115 Moore St., Philadelphia.

SOCIETY NEWS.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON.—March 6, 1890.—Mr.
Schwarz exhibited and remarked upon the following species of Coleoptera,
which are new to the fauna of North America: Lathridius ( Coninomus)
nodifer Nestwood; Actinopteryx fucicola Allibert, Arrhipis laneri Guerin
and Probatius umbratilis Duval. He also showed specimens of Zemmnochila
hubbardi Léveillé and Teretriosoma hornii Lewis, recently described in
European journals from the semi-tropical region of Florida. He finally drew
attention to Dr. Horn’s recent Revision of the North American species of
Ochthebtus,.and spoke of the geographical distribution of these aquatic bee-
tles. Discussion followed by various members.

The Secretary presented a note on a. Dipterous larva infesting the seeds
of Xanthium. He had found these larve at Manhattan, Kansas, and during
the past winter in the District. Drawings were exhibited illustrating the larva
and the nature of its work.

The Secretary also presented a short note on the food-habits of Psz/of-
tera drummondi.

These notes were discussed by Schwarz, Townsend and Howard.

Mr. Townsend read a paper entitled ‘‘ Notes on Acridiidz in Michigan,”’
which related more particularly to dates of appearance and habits.

C. F. MARLATT,
Recording Secretary.

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Meeting April 1, 1890.—Fifty persons present, Rev. George D. Hulst
presiding. Minutes of last meeting read and approved. Prof. Smith, of
committee to arrange with Philadelphia and Newark Entomological Societies
for a joint field meeting, reported that Jamesburg, N. J., on July 4, 1890, had
been informally suggested, and that a stated meeting of the several commit-
tees would be soon held, at which a determination would be reached. Mr.

—L20 =

L. A. Best, of 125 Sixth Avenue, N. Y., Mr. Henry E. Hallowell, of No. 789
Monroe Street, Brooklyn, and Mr. Frank H. Johnson, of No. 168 Hancock
Street, Brooklyn, were elected members of the Department.

Prof. Hooper reported informally that the natural history collections of
the late John Calverley had been secured for the Institute through the kind-
ness of his son, Mr. William Calverley, and that the entomological portion
of the collection would be placed in charge of this Department—such portion
being complete as to nomenclature and North American species in respect to
Lepidoptera and Coleoptera to the year 1870, when Mr. Calverley ceased to
collect. The Secretary was thereupon directed to express the thanks of the
Department to Mr. William Calverley therefor.

Prof. John B. Smith introduced scientific discussion by an explanation of
the structure of the anal tuft of Huchetcs egle, which was arranged upon
pleats or folds, following this by remarks on some peculiar and interesting
structures of insects assisted by lantern views.

The first series of views represented variation in the head and mouth
parts and ovipositors of several species of Diptera, including //ematobia
serrata (imported horn fly, injurious to cattle), Stomoays calcitrans, house
fly, and Eristalis tenax or drone fly.

The second series represented modifications of the ovipositor as a means
of defense as shown in the stings of Polistes and Bombus, or as a tool for
cutting vegetable tissues as shown in the saw-like instruments of the Ten-
thredinide.

The third series indicated the resources of larvee of limited silk spinning
capacity, as those of Halesidota carye in the construction of their cocoons,
by using the hairs with which their bodies were clothed, and which cohered
by reason of numerous hooks with which each hair was furnished. A modi-
fication of these hairs was shown in the spines of the saddle-back caterpillar,
Empretia stimulea, which were hollow and tapered to a point, which readily
broke off in any substance pierced by them, the fluid secreted at the base of
the spine entering the wounds made by them and causing the smarting sen-
sation experienced.

The next series showed portions of the external structure of several
species of Coleoptera, including the leg of a Dytiscus (the hairs thickly stud-
ding the joints resolving themselves under the microscope to filamentary
bodies, crowned with flat, circular disks, or suckers, calculated to unite the
insect firmly to any desired object) and the star-like punctures of the elytron
of Cupes capitatus.

The last series represented parasites of the surf-duck, pigeon and cow.

Meeting May 6, 1890.—Twenty persons present, Rev. Geo. D. Hulst

presiding. Mr. Lendal V. Hallock, Creedmoor, N. Y., and Dr. Samuel
Russell and Mr. George A. Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., were elected members
of the Department. The election of officers was taken up and the officers
of last year were re-elected save the President and editor, election of which
went over until the June meeting. Mr. Weeks read extracts from a pamphlet
issued by a dry-goods house in Brooklyn, giving methods of destroying
“The Moth, moth miller and moth-fly” as an evidence of the necessity for
the dissemination of entomological knowledge.
A. C, WEEKS,

Recording Secretary.

TON UCIce
AMERIGANA

VOL, VI. ~ BROOKLYN, JULY, 1890. No. 7,

NEW SPECIES OF TANIOCAMPINI.

BY JOHN B. SMITH.

Since the publication of my Revision of some of the Tzeniocam-
pid genera (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. xii, 455-496, 1889-90) a number
of species which merit description have come into my hands. It is
matter of regret that a monographic work should be so soon made
incomplete by describing new species, but there seems to be no help
for it in the present state of our science. From the appearance of
collections coming in, I believe that fully one-third more than are at
present known will be added to our list of octuzd@ in the next five
years, and that our lists then will be very much different in arrange-
ment from those at present in use.

Tzniocampa carminata sp. nov.—Head and thorax a luteous brown, with
a more or less evident carmine washing, most distinct in the female of the
specimens before me. Primaries: ground color rather a pale luteous, more
or less completely suffused with carmine. In the specimens before me the
ground color is faintly visible through the centre of the wing only in the
female; in the male all the interspaces up to the terminal space are distinctly
luteous, while the latter space and the veins are carmine. The usual macu-
lation is obsolete. Secondaries blackish fuscous with yellow fringes. Be-
neath yellowish fuscous, with a more or less obvious reddish suffusion.
Expands 1.40 inches; 35 mm.

ffab.—Colorado (Bruce).

The vestiture is entirely hairy, forming no thoracic tufts. An-
tennz of male lengthily bipectinated, of 9 simple. The primaries
have the apex rectangular, the outer margin rounded, and thus the
species belongs to the ru/fu/a group, from which it differs in the dis-
tinctly roughened front, which is not, however, protuberant. The
species is unique in appearance and unlike any other of our species

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA, Vol. VI. i JuLy, 1890.

—[22—

-/<{

in color. Both sexes are before me and other specimens are in col-
lections, all from Mr. Bruce, to whose kindness I owe a number of
fine species.

Tzniocampa curtica sp. nov.—In color of head, thorax and primaries,
varying from a reddish clay color to a distinct red-brown, somewhat powdery.
The transverse lines are very variably distinct, sometimes all save the s. t.
line indefinite. When present they are as follows: basal line narrow, pale,
irregular, without defining margins. T. a. line pale, almost upright, angulated
on the veins and there also black marked, else not defined save in the costal
space. T. p. line pale, sinuate, of the usual form, outer margin defined by a
slightly darker shade, which is emphasized by a series of venular points,
behind which are small pale dots. S. t. line always distinct, pale, but slightly
irregular, preceded by a distinct darker shade not broken up into spots in the
specimens before me. Veins black marked through terminal space. Orbic-
ular concolorous, small, round, indistinctly pale ringed, scarcely definable in
some specimens. Reniform moderate in size, constricted centrally, narrowly
pale ringed, inferiorly black filled; a dusky shade from costa between the
spots, obliquely outward to the blackish filled part of reniform. Secondaries
soiled whitish at base, blackish outwardly. Beneath reddish powdery over
whitish, with a common black exterior line breaking into dots on secondaries
and with a distinct discal spot on each wing. Expands 1.20—1.25 inches;
29—30 mm.

Hab.—Sierra Nevada, Cal.

A considerable number of specimens has been before me from
Messrs. Edwards and Neumoegen, all agreeing save in distinctness
of maculation. The species belongs to the oviduca group of the
genus, with very decided leanings to the zzczucfa type in wing form
and maculation. The apices of primaries are rectangular, but
scarcely acute or produced, and the prominent s. t. shade recalls
zncincta quite strongly. The antennal pectinations are shorter how-
ever, and the wings are less frail; the species as a whole stouter in
habitus. The vestiture consists of flattened hair and scales.

Teniocampa addenda sp. nov.—General color of head, thorax and prima-
ries red-brown, adding either a grayish or luteous tint; maculation variably
distinct, almost entirely obsolete in one specimen, while in another it is very
distinct. In the latter the basal line is marked only by a venular dot; t. a.
line outcurved, lunate between veins, darker, preceded by a slightly paler
shade. T. p. line very even, slightly sinuately and nearly parallel with the
outer margin, consisting of a series of dusky lunules, beyond which is a series
of short venular streaks terminating in a pale dot. S. t. line somewhat ir-
regular, marked by a blackish preceding shade, which makes the terminal
space seem paler. A series of blackish terminal lunules. The median space
is blackish filled below the costal region and the s. t. space is well powdered
with blackish. Orbicular small, round, black filled. Reniform moderate,
upright, slightly constricted medially, black filled. Secondaries smoky fus-

—123—

cous or yellowish, with black powderings. Beneath reddish powdery with
common, incomplete exterior line, and discal spot on all wings. From this
fully marked form we have the change to an almost uniform reddish or gray-
ish brown with the maculation almost entirely wanting. Expands 1.24—1.32
inches; 31—33 mm.

Flab,—Califc rnia.

Both sexes from Mr. Neumoegen’s collection are before me.
The species belongs structurally to the zzczzcfa group, and is allied
to pectinata and terminata, from both of which it differs obviously,
most nearly resembling the latter perhaps. The vestiture is hairy,
antennal pectinations long. The median lines are quite approximate
inferiorly.

Teniocampa venata sp. nov.—Head, thorax and primaries bright reddish
luteous, with more or less evident red-brown shadings, especially noticeable
on the veins through the s. t. and terminal spaces. Basal space; powdery
median space with a broad, brown shade between the ordinary spots, almost
filling the space below. Basal line marked only by venular dots. T.'a. line
a single, brown line, slightly irregular, outwardly oblique and curved, pre-
ceded by an indefined paler, yellowish line. T. p. line darker red-brown,
curved over and touching the outer margin of reniform, then evenly incurved
below, followed by a paler line and over the cell by venular dashes. S. t.
line paler than ground color, irregular, diffuse, indefinite. A dusky terminal
line. Orbicular large, round, pale ringed, concolorous. Reniform large,
kidney shaped, pale ringed and black filled. Secondaries smoky fuscous
with ocher yellow fringes. Beneath reddish, powdery, with incomplete outer
line and discal spot on all wings. Expands 1.50 inches; 37 mm.

Flab.—New York.

A single male specimen, in good condition, collected by Mr.
Bruce, many years ago, and numbered 63. In structural characters
this species agrees with addenda, but differs both in wing form and
maculation. The latter recalls zzcerta quite strongly, but the pecti-
nated antenne at once separate it. The apices are not as pointed
as in addenda and the outer margin is less curved. I have never
seen anything to match this species, and do not think it can be
readily confused with any of the described forms.

PERIGONICA gen. nov.

Eyes hairy; tibia not spinose; form robust; vestiture hairy;
thorax with a somewhat indefinite and loose median crest or keel;
palpi short, not exceeding front, slightly drooping; antennz of male
serrate and bristled, or pectinated. Wings large, primaries with
apices prominent acute, outer margin somewhat excavated to middle,
where it forms a distinct angulation.

Habitus of 7eniocampa or Perigrapha. From both it differs
in the wing form, and this is the basis of the genus, which otherwise
agrees fairly well with Z@nzocampa, save in the thoracic crest.
Perigrapha, which has this crest, has also a different wing form, and
has the antennze uniformly pectinated and longer than in the present
genus.

Two species referable to the foregoing generic characterization
are before me, agreeing in maculation to a remarkable extent, but
differing in antennal structure very decidedly.

Angulata is a creamy-gray species in which the male antennz
are serrate and bristled—‘‘ brush like.”’

Fulminans is a larger, reddish form, in which the male antennz
are rather lengthily bi-pectinated. It is from Colorado, while axga-
/ata is from California.

Perigonica angulata sp. nov.—Creamy or luteous gray; head and thorax
immaculate. Primaries with basal line evident, geminate; t. a. line geminate,
outcurved, somewhat irregular and interrupted. T. p. line sinuate, inner
line narrow, somewhat lunulate, followed by two series of venular dots. S. t.
line narrow, pale, hardly distinct, nearly parallel with outer margin. A row
of not quite terminal black dots. A distinct median shade band from costa
between ordinary spots, outwardly oblique and invading the lower part of
reniform, there angulate, and then parallel with and close to t. p. line to inner
margin. Orbicular concolorous, moderate in size, round, vaguely defined by
a slightly paler annulus. Reniform narrow, upright, somewhat constricted
centrally, pale margined, inferiorly dark filled. These markings vary in the
direction of obsolescence, one specimen before me being nearly immaculate
and showing only tracings of the described maculation. Secondaries whitish,
with a blackish outer marginal line and a distinct discal spot. Beneath pow-
dery, with a black, complete, common outer line, and a black discal spot on
all wings. Expands 1.48 inches; 37 mm.

Hab.—Sierra Nevada, Cal.

Both sexes from Mr. Henry Edwards. The variation is in the
direction of obsolescence of maculation in the specimens before me:
the peculiar double series of venular dots beyond t. p. line and the
inception at costa of the median shade being the most permanent
features.

Perigonica fulminans sp. nov.—Somewhat luteous brick-red, very even in
color. Head and thorax immaculate. Primaries with all the maculation
faint, scarcely legible. Basal line traceable, geminate. T. a. line single,
narrow, dusky, outwardly curved. T. p. line geminate, sinuate, outer line a
series of venular dots. S. t. line rather distinct, slightly irregular, pale, as a
whole about parallel with the outer margin. A narrow median shade line

from costa between the ordinary spots, outwardly oblique to and darkening
the lower part of reniform, there angulated and then parallel with and close

to t. p. line to hind margin. Orbicular moderate, concolorous, barely dis-
tinguishable by a faintly paler annulus. Reniform narrow, upright, medially
constricted, annulate in pale, the inferior portion darkened by the median
shade. Secondaries whitish, semi-transparent, with a dusky outer border.
Beneath powdery, with an outer common line and discal spot on all wings.
Expands 1.52—1.64 inches; 38—41 mm.

f1ab.—Colorado.

Both sexes, collected by Mr. Bruce, in Mr. Neumoegen’s col-
lection and coll. Rutgers College. The specimens before me are
nearly identical in color and markings, but judging from its ally I
am persuaded that forms will be found in which the maculation will
be as distinct as in azgwdata, and then the description of that species
will answer for the present as well, so far as ornamentation is con-
cerned. It is matter of interest that two species so nearly alike in
color, wing form and habitus generally should differ so strongly in

antennal structure.
— <->

For mounting small specimens of Coleoptera, triangles or arms
of gelatine. will be found greatly superior to those made of card-
board. The thin plates or sheets of gelatine used by photographers
are very nice and even, and very cheap. They are rather thin, but
two of them glued together make a good thickness. These trian-
gles are so transparent as to be almost invisible, and specimens
mounted thereon with Le Page’s liquid glue will adhere readily and
permanently. What is wanted now is a cheap punch that will cut
the triangles neatly and of a regular and uniform size.

Santa Rosa, Cal. L. E. RICKSECKER.

Mr. Ricksecker’s note is interesting, and he kindly sent mea
sample of the gelatine plates. I found that they cut splendidly with
a punch, and that the pins pierced easily and held tightly. I found
also that the points curled in the sun and that they drooped when
exposed to moisture. In cutting points I select a meditim card-
board and use punches of two sizes, but cutting the same length.
The best punches I have seen do not make a clean cut, and even
with a perfect scissors it is almost impossible to make a fine point
that has not a right and wrong side. Mr. Wenzel has the best ar-
rangement I have seen. He gets strips of card-board of uniform
width, and, on a block of boxwood, cuts with a razor. This works
rapidly, and the cut is clean and smooth, even the most slender
point being absolutely true and without curl. Mr. Ricksecker's
points look pretty, and if the gelatine could be made to repel mois-
ture, they would be perfect. —Epb.

—126—

ERISTALIS TENAX IN ENGLAND.
BY'A. G. BUTLER.

In the May number of ENroMOLOGICA AMERICANA Dr. Ham-
ilton has an interesting article on the Pollenization of Chrysanthe-
mums by this fly, and he appears to think that it confines its atten-
tions to the flowers of these plants. In England £7istalis tenax is
more attracted by the large annual Sunflowers and double Marigolds
than by other flowers, but it certainly visits other flowers. Its re-
semblance to a honey-bee probably affords it a degree of protection,
as some birds are undoubtedly suspicious of it; but, as the Buntings,
including the American Nonpareil and Indigo-finch, the English
Robin, Nightingale and Missel-thrush, the White-eared Bulbul and
Leiothrix, seize and eat it without hesitation, there can be no doubt
that very many are destroyed by insectivorous birds. I grow Mari-
golds partly for the purpose of attracting these flies, which I turn
into my aviaries, and thus during September my birds get a con-
siderable amount of insect food, which they would otherwise have
to dispense with.

i >

KYA
*

SL sb
7S “as

Apropos to Dr. Hamilton’s article in No. 5, of ENT. AMER., it
may be of interest to know that I took scores (and could have taken
hundreds) of specimens of Av7stalis tenax on a patch of wild mus-
tard growing in this county some ten miles back from the lake last
September and October. I have specimens in my cabinet that I
took in California in August. The fall flowers here on the prairie,
wild mustard, the different asters and golden rods, and the large
Composite are always attractive to £. fenax, as I have noticed for
many years. O. S. WESTCOTT.

Additional Note.—It may be well to add that L77stalis tenax
has been quite common in New York State for years past, occurring
in early Spring, and more abundantly in the Fall, not only on
Chrysanthemums, but on nearly every species of flower, both culti-
vated and wild, in bloom at these seasons. On account of the
abundance of Compositz at the time of its occurrence the fly is most
often to be found on these flowers, but I am not inclined to believe
that it is in any manner restricted to this order of plants. I have
frequently noticed these flies flying about in the sun when the weather
was so chilly that no other living insect was to be found abroad.

aed hae 3

THE GENUS DATANA Walker.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR.

I had originally prepared some notes on this genus for ENTo-
MOLOGICA AMERICANA, but in response to the request of Prof.
Smith I have enlarged, them somewhat to include all the species.
Eight species inhabit the State of New York, and I include four
others not found here.

In the following I give distinctive characters only when the spe-
cies has been already well described, and a brief description of the
larva, when known. I have not attempted to give a full bibliography,
but give a reference for the original description, and one for the
larva, the latter distinguished by an asterisk.

Datana augusii Grote and Robinson.
Grane eOG Veni SOC sbily Volecvi. «ps Of pla 2: for Te.
Beutenmiiller, Can. Ent. vol. xx, p. 135.*

Readily known by its dark smoky brown color, common to the
whole insect both above.and below. The lines are five in number,
and are arranged as in the other species of this group (§1 of my
table). They are variable in position and furnish no distinctive
characters. The discal spots are often slight, the outer sometimes
linear. The description by Grote and Robinson is most excellent.

The larva is black, the lines fine and colored light yellow.

Food-plants: Hickory, Walnut, Birch.

Datana ministra Drury.

Drury (as Phalzna), Exot. Lep. vol. 2, p. 25, pl. 14, fig. 3.
Gide R.. Proce; Ent, Soc) Phil. vol. vi, p. 11:
Beut., Can. Ent. vol.'xx, p. 16.*

This species is of a pale yellowish brown with usual markings.
The discal spots are usually absent, and sometimes also the fourth
line. The hind wings are pale.

The larva has often been described, frequently the other species
being confounded with it. It is black, with the cervical spot yellow,
the lines sulphur-yellow, not confluent posteriorly.

Food-plants: various fruit trees, Linden, Oak, Elm, etc.

Datana californica Riley, MS.
Prof. Riley’s description has not yet appeared, but I give a
brief characterization in order that I may include the species in my

table:

—128—

Exterior margin of primaries excavate between the veins. Thorax and
abdomen nearly concolorous with the primaries, the thorax sometimes paler.
The patch on the head and anterior portion of the thorax pale brown, with an
ocherous tinge on head and collar, often contracted laterally at the middle of
the thorax. Primaries pale testaceous, a slightly darker shade on the costal
half, quite thickly sprinkled with brown scales. Discal spots usually present
in the female, but rather obscure, fainter in the male; the outer spot elongate,
the inner round, composed of brown and whitish scales, slightly elevated.
Five light brown transverse bands and apical streak, the first curved, in some
specimens dislocated a little at the costa, the rest nearly parallel; all but the
fifth obsolete at the costa and the fourth often faint, especially in the male.
The apical streak starts from below the apex, and is then angulated down-
ward, in some examples nearly parallel to the fourth line, often with the upper
part obsolete. Fringe brown. Secondaries very pale testaceous, unicolor-
ous. Wings below as secondaries above, but primaries have a slightly darker
tinge towards the apex and fringes. Expanse ¢\ 44—45 mm.; 2 45—53 mm.

The species is close to 2. mznzstra, but is distinguished by its
pale, nearly uniform colored primaries, and pale secondaries.

Prof. Riley informs me that he intends to describe the larval
stages when his description of the species appears.

From Santa Clara County, Cal.

Datana drexelii Hy. Edwards.
Hy. Edwards, Papilio, vol. iv, p. 25.*
Beut., Can. Ent. vol. xx, p. 57.*

As Mr. Edwards’ description is wholly comparative, I give one
in full:

Head and thoracic patch tawny brown, the latter darker posteriorly and
sometimes constricted. This is a variable character; the rest of the thorax
is concolorous with: the fore wings. Abdomen pale reddish brown, the tip
sometimes darker. Fore wings excavate between the nervules on the outer
margin, pale yellowish brown, much the color of DY. metnistra and distinctly
irrorate with dark brown scales, which are thickest below the median vein,
inside the second band. The costal portion above the median vein and before
apical streak is dull fulvous, contrasting with the rest of the wing and mainly
lacking the irrorations. Five transverse dark brown lines as in allied species,
somewhat variable in position and shape, the three central ones obsolete on
the costa; a round central discal dot and the discal cross vein largely covered
with dark scales. These two spots appear somewhat darker than the lines,
while the second line runs beyond, through or nearly inside the outer discal
spot. Fringe dark brown. Hind wings largely shaded with brown, but paler
at the base; underside as in D. mayor. Expanse 45—55 mm.

The larva is black, joint 2 wholly yellow, the stripes citron-
yellow and confluent posteriorly.
Food-plants: Witch-hazel and Huckleberry ( Vaccinzum).

— I 29-—

Datana major Grote and Robinson.
G. & R., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. vol. vi, p. 12, pl. 2, fig. 3.
Dyar, Can. Ent. vol. xxi, p. 34.*

The male has the exterior margin of primaries nearly straight,
the female slightly excavate between the veins. In this character
the species approaches § 2 of my table, and consequently I place it
last in $ 1. It is distinguished by its large size, the distinct dorsal
spots and the xearly uniform reddish brown color of both wings. I
know of but one constant character to separate the moth from D.
drexelii (viz., the fulvous costal shade of the latter), but the larve
differ greatly.

The mature larva of D. major is black, the head, cervical spot
and anal plates dark red; the body has rows of subquadrate spots
bright canary-yellow or clear white.

Food-plant: Andromeda ligustrina.

A peculiarity of the larvee is their separating and feeding singly
after the last moult. Mr. Beutenmiiller has shown me examples of
the moth which were small, the costa unusually yellowish with the
second band bent to pass inside the outer discal spot. He stated
that they were raised from the characteristically spotted larva of
major. It seems probable that they are a dwarfed form of D. major,
arising from insufficiency of food in the larval state. If compelled
to live together, after the last moult (as these were), the larve will
not eat well and the moths would be small. The position of the
lines is not constant in this species. |

Datana palmii Beutenmiiller.
Beut., Psyche, vol. vi, p. 299 (1890).

This species was described from Pennsylvania, but it also occurs
in New York. It seems to be a mountain species, the localities so
far known being Delaware Water Gap, Pa., and the Catskill Moun-
tains, N. Y. It may be known by the following characters:

Head and thoracic patch cinnamon-brown, the former paler. The rest
of the thorax is of the color of the fore wings. Abdomen pale testaceous,
as in allies. Fore wings entire along the outer margin, but showing a trace
of the ‘excavations, dull pale lilac, rather thickly covered with dark brown
irrorations, in the female almost obscuring the ground color between the first
and fifth bands. Five cinnamon-brown bands. the color of the irrorations
and apical streak as in allies, the first, second and fifth distinct, the others
more or less obsolescent. The discal spots are just discernible, the outer the
more distinct, much as in JD. infegerrima. Fringe cinnamon-brown. Hind
wings rather pale, but tinged with brown. The underside gives no distinctive
characters. —

Mature Larva.—Head rather light orange-red, the mouth paler and jaws
black. Palpi black, the base and two rings white. Scattered black hairs,
width of head 5 mm.; cervical spot and anal plates orange-red, with a few
short black hairs. Body black, with four lateral pale yellow lines, narrower
than the intervening spaces, the upper two replaced on joint 2 by the cervical
spot, and all somewhat broken on joint 13, barely reaching the anal plates.
Three ventral lines, one interrupted by the bases of the legs on each side, the
third in the center of the venter, interrupted on joint 13. The bases of the
legs are orange-red and also corresponding spots on the legless segments.
Thoracic feet black, abdominal with a black band outwardly, the anal feet
nearly all black; a number of rather long whitish hairs scattered over the body.

Food-plant: Vaccinium stamineune.

Datana floridana Graef.
Graef, Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. vol. ii, p. 37.
Koebele Bull. Brookl. Ent. Soc. vol. iv, p. 21.*

This is described as ‘‘ dark brown, with a purplish flush’’ on
primaries. The third and fourth lines are obsolete, leaving but three
lines. This species is close to D. palmzi, and seems to differ only in
the greater abundance of the brown scales, causing the fainter lines
to become lost and the purplish color to be less distinct. A specimen
- kindly loaned me by Prof. Lintner and labeled ‘‘ from Elliot, Da-
tuna floridana Graef, var. 2 N. York,’’ cannot be this species, but
is D. palmit. The lines are all present, the ground color is distinctly
of a lilac shade, and it only differs from my specimens of Aa/mzz in
being of a slightly duller shade and in having the secondaries more
heavily tinged with brown. The larve appear to differ. Mr.
Koebele describes that of 2. floridana as ‘‘ black, with eleven par-
allel yellowish lines (he does not give their width); the head, the
summit of the body segment, the anal coverings, and the summits
of the legs, deep mahogany red. 5:

Mr. Beutenmiiller, in his table, gives the lines as wider than the
intervening spaces (in DY. palm they are narrower, but not much
so). The larva is unknown to me.

Datana modesta Beutenmiiller.
3eut., Psyche, vol. v, p. 299 (1899).

This species is unknown to me. If the yellowish ocherous
patch. mentioned by the describer, prove a constant feature, as it
probably will, it-will serve as a good distinctive character. The larva
is unknown.

Kissimmee, Fla.

Datana integerrima Grote and Robinson.
G. & R., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. vol. vi, p. 12,* pl. 2, fig. 4.
Beut., Can. Ent. vol. xx, p. 134.*

Dark reddish brown, the lines edged by pale shades. The lines and
fringe are concolorous with the brown irrorations that thickly cover the wing,
and, in a specimen from Illinois before me, blend together between the first
‘and fifth bands, but the pale shade remains. Hind wings pale, but shaded
with brown. The larva is black, the lines white, the lower the wider, but
often all are absent and the insect is black. Hair long, white, more abundant
than in the other species.

Food-plants: Hickory, Black Walnut, Butternut.

Datana contracta Walker.
Walk., Cat. Brit. Mus. pt. 5, p. 1062 (1855).
G. & R., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. vol, vi, p. 14.*
Beut., Can. Ent. vol. xx, p. 134.*

‘‘Luteous tawny.’’ The lighter costal shade is rather more distinct than
in its congeners. The lines and irrorations are nearly black, but the fringe is
brown, contrasting with the bright color of the wing and distinctly of a dif-
ferent shade from the lines. The lines are indistinctly bordered by paler
shades, caused by an absence of the irrorations which are not nearly so nu-
merous as in J. integerrima. The discal spots are moderately prominent,
concolorous with the lines. The larva is black, its cervical spot yellow, its
lines broad, cream white.

Food-plants: species of Oak.

Datana perspicua Grote and Robinson.
G. & R., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. vol. iv, p. 489, pl. 3, fig. 1.
Hy. Edwards, Ent. Amer. vol. iii, p. 170.*

Readily recognized by its yellowish buff color and peculiar brown mark-
ings The central lines (lines 2, 3 and 4) are more or less obsolete, in one
specimen before me only a trace left. The outer discal spot is very large and
the apical streak long; the veins from the median down, between bands 1
and 5, are marked with brown, Hind wings very pale. The larva is black
or red, with broad bright yellow stripes. Head and cervical spot black or
red.

Food-plant: Sumach.

Datana robusta Strecker.
Strk., Lep. Rhop. et Hetero. pt. 14; p. 131.

Allied to the preceding, and marked after the same pattern.
The species is larger and duller colored than D. perspicua, and the
markings are more pronounced. The absence of the usual brown
thoracic patch separates it from all species of the genus so far known.
Larva unknown.

The species is from Texas.

The following table may be of some use in separating the species:

21. Exterior margin of primaries excavate between the veins.

A. Color entirely smoky, or blackish brown . . . . . angusii G. & R.

B. Color yellowish brown, or paler.
a. Discal spots faint or absent, size medium.
1. Color yellow-brown

ministra Dru.

2. Color pale testaceous’ . . . .. . . . . . Galifornica Riley.

6. Discal spots distinct, size large.

1. A distinct fulvous costal‘shade . . . . : . . drexelii Hy. Edw.

2. Wings nearly unicolorous, tawny reddish brown
2 2. Exterior margin of primaries entire.
A. Discal spots not large, inconspicuous, or absent.

a. Fore wings with more or less of a purplish or lilac color.

major G. & R.

1. Fore wings dull whitish coe more or less covered with cinnamon.

brown scales

palmii Beut.

. Fore wings dark brown, w hie a eee rishi . . floridana Graef.

b. se wings without such color.
Thoracic patch ocherous
2. Thoracic patch dark brown.

modesta Beut-

Fore wings dark reddish brown, lines and fringe concolorous.
integerrima G. & R.
Fore wings luteous tawny, the lines and fringe not concolorous.
contracta \Valk.

B. Discal spots, especially the outer, very large and distinct.

a. Thoracic patch tawny brown . . . . . . perspicua G. & R.
6. Thoracic patch as pale, or even paler finn the rest of thorax.

robusta Strk.

I subjoin also the table for the larva given by Mr. Beutenmiller
in the ‘‘ Canadian Entomologist,’’ (vol. xx, p. 135) having added
two species. The larve of D. modesta and D. robusta are still un-
known, while concerning that of D. californica nothing has yet been

published.

41. Stripes narrower than the intervening spaces.
Body black, stripes sulphur-yellow
Body black, stripes citron-yellow, confluent posterions
Body black, stripes very fine, pale yellow
Body black, stripes yellow, head and plates light reas
Body black, stripes white, usually partly obsolete or absent
Z 2. Stripes as wide or wider than the intervening spaces.
30dy black or red, stripes bright lemon-yellow
Body black, stripes creamy white
30dy black, stripes yellowish, head and ual niaite Pade

ministra. -
drexelii. -
angusii. ’
palmii. -
integerrima. -

perspicua. +
contracta. -
floridana. ~

Body black; stripes broken into spots, bright yellow or white; head and anal

plates red .

major.

Descriptions of two JASSIDS from the Cranberry bogs
of New Jersey.

BYE. P.. VAN DUZER:

ATHYSANUS STRIATULUS THAMNOTETTIX FITCHII AGALLIA 4-PUNCTATA
Fallen. Van Duzee. Proy.

Thamnotettix fitchii n. sp.—Form of 7. melanogaster, but smaller. Pale
yellow; abdomen and four small spots on the anterior margin of the vertex
black; pronotum with five pale longitudinal lines; elytra subhyaline, with
yellow nervures. Length 3—4 mm.

Head finely punctured, very little wider than the pronotum. Vertex
triangular, apex obtuse, disc feebly depressed; length in the 7 subequal to
the breadth on the hind margin between the eyes, in the Q one-quarter
shorter. Front rather broad, width between the ocelli about three-fourths
the length; sides nearly straight, converging from the ocelli to the apex, but
much more strongly below the antennze. Clypeus oblong, slightly contracted
at base, basal suture almost obsolete, apex truncate; lorze broad, well rounded;
cheeks broad, bluntly angled at about their middle. Pronotum one-fourth
longer than the vertex, hind margin feebly concave, surface very minutely,
transversely wrinkled. Basal ventral segment wide, its hind margin well
rounded. Valve of the male broad and short, lenticular in form and occu-
pying the concavity of the last ventral segment; plates triangular, sides con-
vex at base, concave above, apex a little prolonged, obtuse, ciliated. Last
ventral segment of the 9 broad, hind edge strongly advanced each side in
an obtuse angle, the centre with a short blunt tooth; pygofers rather long and
slender, sparingly ciliated at apex.

Color pale yellow, sometimes obscure. Vertex with a slender longitu-
dinal line and two small spots on the disc fulvous, the latter sometimes ob-
solete; anterior margin with a row of four black spots, the middle pair ap-
proximate; antennal cavities and a small dot just below each ocellus, black;
front embrowned, with a central longitudinal and lateral transverse pale lines
more or less distinct. Eyes brown; ocelli pale. Disc of the prosternum, tip
of the rostrum, claws, and a dot at the base of the tibial spines, black. Pro-
notum with five parallel, equidistant, pale longitudinal lines. Scutellum im-

maculate or nearly so. Elytra dusky hyaline, nervures pale yellow, distinct.
Wings whitish hyaline, nervures brown. Abdomen black; connexivum,
genital pieces, last ventral segment and sometimes the disc of the two or three
preceding segments, yellow in the male. The female has these yellow mark-
ings on the abdomen more extended, in some examples replacing the black
entirely on the venter, and the ovipositor black; otherwise like the male.

Described from ten examples, representing both sexes, taken
at Buffalo, Lancaster and Colden, N. Y., and Welland County,
Ontario, from July 4th to September roth, and one example from
New Jersey (J. B. Smith). In the National Museum is an example
of this species labeled /assus 4-punctatus Fitch MS., but as this name
is pre-occupied for an European form I have substituted for it the
one here adopted.

This species somewhat resembles Cicadula nigrifrons Forbes,
but the head is more strongly angled before, and the elytral vena-
tion and the form of the genital pieces is different. From 7: me-
lanogaster it may be distinguished by its smaller size and by the
position of the black spots on the vertex, which are not placed on
the edge as in that species, but on the superior surface adjoining the
anterior margin.

Athysanus striatulus Fall.2—In form similar to Cicadula eaitiosa Uhl.,
but with the elytra a little wider at tip. Pale testaceous, marked with black
on’ the head, pronotum and scutellum. Elytra pale testaceous, nervures
more or less broadly margined with blackish; apical areoles smoky. Length
3—4 mm.

Head wider than the pronotum, closely and finely punctured. Vertex
obtusely triangular, apex rounded, its length on the median line subequal to
that of the scutellum and about one-half the width on the hind margin be-
tween the eyes; passage to the front rounded, but less so than in exitiosa.
Front wide, abruptly narrowed to the broad apex. Clypeus broad, quad-
rangular, not narrowed to the tip, length one and a half times the breadth,
margins rectilinear; lore large, ovate. Cheeks broad, strongly angled below
the eyes, forming a broad border beyond the lorz, but not surpassing the
clypeus. Pronotum finely punctured, obscurely transversely wrinkled and
slightly depressed across the disc; hind edge feebly concave.

Ultimate ventral segment of the male a little longer than the preceding,
with which it agrees in form; valve broad, convex, obtusely rounded at apex;
plates triangular, their margin fringed with coarse white bristles, within which
are three or four short, stout spines, suture depressed. Hind margin of the
penultimate ventral segment of the female feebly concave, in some examples
forming an indistinct, re-entrant angle, disc with a longitudinal carina; margin
of the ultimate segment quite strongly arcuated each side, leaving a rounded
central lobe; pygofers rather broad, apex truncate and slightly exceeded by
the ovipositor, armed with irregular stout bristles.

Male: Pale, or testaceous yellow. Vertex with an impressed line and
three narrow transverse bands piceous black, the posterior angled near each

eye, the anterior triangularly advanced and much intensified on the median
line, and terminating laterally at the ocelli; margins of the lorz, a broad
stripe on the clypeus rarely attaining its base, an irregular spot below the
eye, lower half of the temples, all the sutures and the front, black; the latter
with the median line and about four short lateral arcs yellow. Pronotum
pale testaceous, transversely inscribed with irregular piceous lines and spots
omitting the anterior and lateral margins. Scutellum black, with about three
irregular, longitudinal yellow lines of variable extent. Abdomen and all
beneath deep black, margin of the dorsal segments and genital pieces, tips
of the coxze, knees, an annulus near the apex of the femora, the edges and
spines of the tibia, and the tarsi of the anterior and intermediate feet and
the posterior pair pale, the latter with the sides of the femora and tibiz, the
-base of their spines and the apex of the tarsal joints, black. Elytra pale
testaceous, nervures concolorous, heavily margined with fuscous, the apical
areoles smoky. Wings sordid hyaline, highly iridescent, nervures brown.
Female paler than the male, with the black markings much reduced, or almost
obsolete. Elytra frequently with but faint indications of the fuscous areolar
margins; apical areoles clear, at least on their centre. Pygofers fulvous;
ovipositor black.

New Jersey. Described from five male and four female exam-
ples kindly furnished me by Prof. J. B. Smith.

This little insect corresponds very closely with J. Sahlberg’s
description of A. striatudus Fall. (Finl. and Skand. Cicadariz p.
253), but differs considerably from that of Kirschbaum (Cicad. von
Wiesb. p. 96). Only direct comparison with European material
can decide its true relations. Should it prove distinct the name
vaccinii, proposed by its discoverer to indicate its food habits, may
be adopted.

Notre.—These species and Agadla g-punctata Prov. were found by me
on Cranberry bogs, the Athysanus and Aga/dlia in great numbers, the 7ham-
notettix sparsely. Agallia g-punctata is common on herbage everywhere in
south Jersey, the Athysanus I have never taken, except on the Cranberry

bogs. In Bulletin K. of the N. J. Agl. Coll. Exper. Station I have treated of
these species, and from thence are the figures at the head of this paper.—Eb.

—————$——————

Occasionally even economic entomology gives a useful obser-
vation to collectors. Experimenting with whale-oil soapsuds in a
wheat-field recently, I turned out a little unused mixture on the
ground and was surprised to note a few minutes after, that there ap-
peared a great lot of insects over the spot. Examination showed
hundreds of Staphylinidze of two or more species making for the
place and disappearing in the loose earth. Circumstances prevented
my collecting any specimens, but perhaps it may serve as a hint
how these insects may be attracted.

VARINA ORNATA Neum.
BY ANNIE TRUMBULL SLOSSON.

I took at Punta Gorda, Fla., a year ago, one male specimen of
this pretty species described in “‘ Papilio’’ vol. iv, p. 94. In March
of the present year I captured several other males and three females.
I think the female of this species has never been described. My
specimens are uniformly larger than male, and much lighter in color.
Their antennz are simple, otherwise they do not appear to differ
from the male type. Had I not killed these specimens in a cyanide
bottle before discovering their sex, I should have tried to secure
eggs, and learn the life-history of this interesting insect. I wonder
if Mr. Neumoegen has revised his opinion of the proper position
of V. ornata since he first described it. I do not pretend to bea
competent judge as to generic differences and such grave matters,
but I have a suspicion that after closer study of this moth its present
place, ‘‘ between Parasa and Phobetron,’’ may be changed.

NOTES ON ELAPHIDION.
BY JOHN B. SMITH.

Some observations made by me in the Spring of 1889 on &/a-
phidion seem to add to what has been already published. In cutting
about among branches for Scolytids, I found several young Oaks
which had been killed by fire, how long since I could not say.
Breaking one, about one and a half inches in diameter close to the
ground, I found it infested by longicorn borers. I laid in a supply
of sticks, representing in all cases the main stem and carried them
home; splitting them open showed galleries under the bark and in
the wood, a few containing pupze, but most of them larvae. From
these issued, during the Summer, L/aphidion villosum, FE. paral-
lelum and £. mucronatum. I did not study the larve, assuming
them identical, but one thing is certain: all made the same kind of
burrows, and these were partly under bark, and some wholly in the
wood. The burrows under bark equally contained pupz, and all
the larvae changed to imagines in the same year. A transverse sec-
tion often showed at the base of tree three and once four larval gal-
leries, one of these evidently extending under ground. I believe
the pruning habit to be by no means a universal rule, but that the
beetles will oviposit wherever a suitable nidus is found, be it trunk,
limb or twig.

NOTES AND NEWS.

While beating near Anglesea with Mr. Wenzel, May 28 and 29,
we found the Oaks, the most abundant plant there, fairly swarming
with larve, 7enthredinid and Geometrid. Nota leaf but had a larva,
and most of them had a dozen. Many of the smaller trees were
almost defoliated, and we were soon covered with caterpillars from
head to foot. The umbrella and beating-net were filled with larve,
and we were compelled to abandon the shrubbery for the open field,
and even there every little seedling Oak was covered with larve.
In the shrubbery the dropping of frass sounded like the pattering
of rain, and was incessant. Skirting the wood, Mr. Wenzel noted
a Calosoma willcoxi in pursuit of a Geometrid larva which was
straining every nerve to get away. The Ca/osoma soon overhauled
its victim and began eating it despite its struggles. Several of the
beetles were beaten off the trees and several were taken by us run-
ning on trunks and branches. They could be easily seen and were
perfectly at home in the trees; one pair was taken by me 77 co?tu,
the female running about on the twigs in search of prey. Only one
specimen of scrutator was seen, while of w7//coxi we carried off about
twenty specimens and might easily have taken many more. At
light, in the evening, w7/coxz was also the common species. This

was the first time I had ever seen this pretty species alive.

In beating dead branches of Oak in Cape May County, N. J.,
Mr. Wenzel ran across a few specimens of Cyrtinus pygmaeus.
Further and more careful search showed that the larve had riddled
many of the terminal twigs, and many specimens of the imago were
collected on these branches. A day or two after, May 28th, I found
in the same region as many as eight specimens from a single branch,
six of them in the umbrella at the same time. They bear a decep-

tive resemblance to ants when running around in the umbrella.
2K xk x 2

We can testify from personal experience that the mosquito, in
Cape May County at least, is not yet exterminated; there was about
a million of him investigating Mr. Wenzel and myself recently, and
not a solitary dragonfly in sight! Ordinarily I am provided with
(and use liberally on face, neck and hands) a mixture of equal parts
of olive oil and oil of tar (oil of pennyroyal will do as well), and am
not bothered by them; but this time a weak reliance on the effect
of the recent essays induced me to go off without this mixture, and
I had to take the consequences. I recommend the above mixture
as very effective and conducive to comfort where mosquitos abound.

7*

—1390—

A NEW PAMPHILA.

BY HENRY SKINNER, M.D.

Pamphila slossone n. sp.—In size and markings this species comes nearest
to P. leonardus Harris. The male expands rather less than an inch and a
half. Ground color of inferior wings dark brown, with basal half of wing
thickly covered with tawny scales which, beyond the stigma, form three spots,
and just above these are two small square ones. The three subcostal spots
are represented as in /eonardus. Stigma narrow, black, and concave poste-
riorly. Inferior wings same color as superior, with tawny scales scattered
over the basal half. There are four small, square, tawny spots close together,
with a fifth elongated one at right angles with the four, on outer half of wing
running nearly parallel with the outer margin, only the angle made by the
spots is more acute. Fringes of all wings dingy white. The maculation on
underside of superiors is nearly the same as in /eonardus, but in color very
different, the ground color in this species being made up of yellowish and
greenish scales; underside of inferiors olive-green, with the spots of the
upperside repeated, except there is a sixth one near the centre of the wing,
and all are dingy white. Fringes on underside same as above. Head and
thorax above covered with greenish hair, beneath grayish yellow. Palpi
almost white.

The female expands a little more than an inch and a half. Superior wings
very dark brown, with a broken band of yellow consisting of five spots com-
mencing at the first nerve above the interior margin and extending to within
one-eighth inch of apex. The subcostal spots are present, as in the male,
with two additional ones at end of cell.» The inferiors as in the male, but
with spots fainter; underside of wings also same as in male, but the white
spots on inferiors are smaller. Fringes in female dark on superiors, but
gradually getting lighter on inferiors as the anal angle is approached.

Described from one pair from Florida, presented by Mrs. Slos-
son. I think that Hesperids can be best described by comparison
with well-known species. While this resembles /eonardus in macu-
lation, it is very different from it, and can readily be separated by
the white fringes, lighter color of markings, green underside of
inferiors, greenish head and thorax and nearly white palpi, etc. I
have named this species in honor of Mrs. A. T. Slosson, who has
done so much excellent and interesting field work in Florida and the
White Mountains of New Hampshire.

The edition of the Check-List of Macrolepidoptera published
by the Brooklyn Entomological Society is exhausted. A second
edition had been contemplated, but in view of the fact that almost
every family is undergoing ‘‘ revision,’’ it seems unwise to publish
at present. Some half a dozen copies are in the hands of the editor
for sale on private account, but that will exhaust the stock, and in-
tending purchasers had better apply at once.

A NEW SPECIES OF PLAGIOMIMICUS.
BY JOHN B. SMITH.

Plagiomimicus triplagiatus sp. nov.—General color an olivaceous grayish
fuscous; head paler; collar with a white line at tip; thoracic vestiture mixed
with white scales. Primaries, t. a. line white, narrow, upright, but slightly
curved outwardly. T. p. line white, distinct, broadly angulated beyond cell
and almost reaching the s. t. line, thence sinuate and very obliquely inward,
reaching the margin about three-fifths from base. S. t. line white, scarcely
definite, though distinct, very even, or but little sinuate. The orbicular is
entirely occupied by a deep, blackish brown spot, which sends back an ob-
tuse spur to the reniform, which is very narrowly pale ringed and of a slightly
darker shade of ground color; between the t. a. line and this brown spot a
whitish shade still further relieves the dark marking. Between the outward
angulation of the t. a line and s. t. line is a triangular blackish brown costal
blotch/ completely filling that part of the s. t. space. Below the middle of
its course the s. t. line is preceded by a blackish brown shading, gradually
broadening until, at the margin it fills nearly the entire s. t. space. Secon-
daries whitish fuscous, paler basally. Beneath powdery, primaries with
maculation of upper surface vaguely reproduced. Exp. .go inches; 23 mm.

-Hab.—Las Vegas, N. Mex.; Hot Springs, 7000 feet; August.

Several specimens collected by Mr. Meeske, are in the collec-
tions of Hulst and Neumoegen. The species is well marked and
easily recognizable by the three blackish markings and the white
transverse lines of the primaries. The species is related to expal-
fidus rather than pitychromus.

Dr. Hamilton describes the issuance of -/aphidion from the pupa
skin. It is an interesting fact that some species ( Phymatodes amenus
among them) do not shed the pupa skin at all, but this gradually
hardens and the beetle will walk about when still almost white and
the members still cased. I watched this carefully in Phymatodes.

SOCIETY NEWS.

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL Society, June 3d.—Meeting at Brooklyn
Institute. Mr. Ottomar Dietz, chairman fro fem., presiding. Twenty per-
sons present.—Report of Treasurer presented and approved. Mr. Weeks,
of Curators, presented their report of the Entomological exhibition held at
the Institute under the auspices of the Department on May 22d and 23d.
Exhibits were made from collections of Dr. Calvesly and Prof. B. Yaeger,
and of the collection of Lepidoptera of J. E. Meyer, also by H. Meeske and

F. H. Chittenden, Coleoptera, etc., and by Col. Nicholas Pike of severa
hundred vials of Arachnidze, together with fifty colored plates (original draw-
ings from nature by Mrs. Pike) illustrating the life histories of the same.
Total number of specimens exhibited 30,000. Number of visitors in attend-
ance about 1300. Mr. Pearsall, chairman of the committee to confer with
the Brooklyn Institute as to a modification of the agreement between the
Institute and the Society, presented a report, which, on motion, was received
and the committee continued, and authorized to prepare a draft revision of
the By-Laws of the Society to be presented for approval at the September
meeting. On motion the appropriation of $150 made by the Council of the
Institute for the support of ENT. AMER. was accepted with thanks, and the
legend ‘Entomological Department of the Brooklyn Institute’’ directed to
be placed on the cover of the publication after the name of the Society.
Prof. Smith, of committee on joint field meeting of Philadelphia, Newark
and Brooklyn Entomological Societies, reported that the committee had
selected Jamesburg as the place and July 4th as the date of such meeting,
and requested that all intending to join the excursion should notify the com-
mittee at least one week in advance, that proper provision might be made for
lunch, etc.

Mr. Weeks opened scientific discussion by reading a paper upon the
rapacity of afemale specimen of Prerostichus lucublandus which was observed
feeding upon the dead bodies of Doryphora so-lineata at noon, and which,
instead of seeking to escape, attempted to carry off one of the beetles, and
resisted efforts made to remove its prey, making many struggles to retain
possession of it.

Mr. Weeks further read a paper entitled, ‘‘ Life history and enemies of
local species of Papilionidz.’’ The local species in the vicinity of Brooklyn
comprise Papilio turnus, var. glaucus, asterias, var. calverleyi, troilus, cres
phontes, philenor and ajax. The paper described the season and method
of ovipositing, the appearance of the egg, the food-plant, the larvee, and the
number of broods of each species, except ayax, in full in this locality. The
principal parasite of this family was 7vogus exesorius Brullé, which should
receive the title of ‘‘ Papilio Ichneumon,’’ the common appellation ‘* Asterias
ichneumon”’ being misleading, because of too limited application. Other
species of 7chneumon attacked asterias, making the latter title still more in-
applicable. Adjournment.

A. C. WEEKS,
Recording Secretary.

TON UG Ig ye
AMERICANA

VOL. VI. BROOKLYN, AUGUST, 1890. Hn ais oe

PREPARATORY STAGES OF DILOPHONOTA
EDWARDSII Butl. and D. ELLO Linn.

BY HARRISON G. DYAR.

Mr. Henry Edwards has described some of the stages of the
first of these species,* and he is the only author who has described
any stage but the mature larva of the second, and, as his descriptions
were made from prepared specimens and differ from mine, I have
concluded to publish the following. Mr. Edwards implies six larval
stages for both species, which I do not find to be the case, and he
has confounded the pupee, describing that of e//o and edwardsii, and
that of edwards for ello.

The eggs are laid singly on the underside of the leaves of the
food-plant.. In shape they are elliptical, slightly flattened above
and below, very minutely punctured. Color light yellowish green.
Greatest diameter about 1.8 mm.

é First LARVAL STAGE.—Head whitish, eyes black. Body pale

whitish, transversely creased, the caudal horn whitish at base, the
rest black. Length 4mm. It is held nearly erect. Feet concol-
orous with body. Length of larva 7 mm. As the stage advances
the insect becomes pale green. Duration of this stage about four
days.

SECOND LARVAL STAGE.—Head pale green, not shiny; eyes
black; mouth very slightly brownish. Body long and slender, an-
nulated. Caudal horn greenish white, minutely spinose, 5 mm.
long. Length of larva about 15 mm. Duration of this stage four
days.

* Ent. Amer. vol. iii, p. 165.

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA, VOl. VI. 8 AUGUST, 18go-

THIRD LARVAL STAGE.—Head as before, mouth and palpi
yellowish, eyes black. Body yellowish green, darker below, annu-
lated and covered with little paler dots. A faint subdorsal line is
visible. The horn is minutely spinose as before, pale whitish green,
8mm. long. Length of larva 20 mm.

FourtH LARVAL STAGE.—Head yellowish green, palpi and
mouth paler; eyes black. A pale band before the eyes containing
the sub-dorsal line of the body. Width of head about 3.5 mm.
Body yellowish green, with many small, round, paler spots. Sub-
dorsal line pale, edged above with blackish anteriorly. Horn spinose,
pale greenish yellow, 10 mm. long. Spiracles whitish, with a brown
spot across the middle. Concealed in the fold on the anterior part
of joint 4 is a black, circular, bisected spot, surrounded by a white
shade to the subdorsal line, which, as the stage progresses, becomes
a round black spot with a white cross in it, surrounded by creamy
white and a reddish shade anteriorly. Length of larva 4o mm.

FirTH LARVAL STAGE.—Mature larva. Head slightly with-
drawn below the skin of joint 2, whitish green, obsoletely shagreened.
A vertical, pale white band just before the eyes. Eyelets four, in a
semicircle, partly brown. Mouth and palpi whitish. Width of
head about 5 mm. The body is folded dorsally on the anterior
parts of joints 3 and 5. Each joint, except 2, 12 and 13, has eight
annulets. Caudal horn thick and curved, 5 mm. long, concolorous
with the body, but having a slight purple shade at the base. Body
light green, thickly covered over the dorsum with short longitudinal
diffuse brown streaks, about one on each annulet. These streaks
are less numerous on joints 2, 3 and 4, and show a tendency to
segregate on these segments into dorsal and sub-dorsal lines. On
joints 12 and 13 they are nearly absent. The small round spots of
the preceding stage are much reduced in size or obsolete. In the
fold of joint 3 is a pale white, or purplish shade, and on joint 4 con-
cealed in the fold when the insect is at rest is a round black patch
containing a bluish white linear cross, surrounded by a reddish ring
and a purplish shade to the sub-dorsal lines. In some specimens
there is a faint purplish sub-dorsal line extending to the caudal horn.
Spiracles white, nearly covered by a central pale brown spot. Tho-
racic feet whitish, abdominal concolorous with the body, the three
anterior pair less well developed than the rest. Venter mottled with
whitish. Length of larva about 75 mm.

When not eating, the larva rests on the back of a leaf of its
food-plant on one of the large ribs, which it much resembles in color.
Its length and slimness also serve to conceal it, as it might be mis-

taken for part of the leaf rib. During the last stages, if disturbed,
it raises the front part of the body, drawing down the head and ex-
posing the vivid mark usually concealed in the fold of joint 4. At
the same time it knocks its head and the anterior portion of its body
violently from side to side. This demonstration, with the sudden
appearance of the highly colored spot, is doubtless intended to
terrify its enemies.

The duration of the first three stages is about four days each,
but the last two continue twice as long or more. Pupation occurs
in a slight cocoon composed of leaves or other loose material, at the
surface of the ground.

Pupa.—Long and slender; very lively in its motions if dis-
turbed, often giving itself a peculiar rapid rotary motion, the point
of the cremaster and head of the pupa only touching the ground.
Color very shiny red-brown, curiously marked with black, as follows:
on the head above between the eyes, legs and antennz cases each
with a streak centrally, wing cases in all the interspaces between the
veins somewhat interrupted basally, thorax marked obscurely with
several streaks following around its edge, each abdominal segment
has a transverse band posteriorly and many little transverse streaks,
beside marks between the segments, all becoming more extended
posteriorly, so that the last segment is nearly all black, only a brown
line being left. Spiracles black; cremaster flat and broad, with two
excavations below, narrowing more abruptly for its last half and
ending in a thick blunt spine, all densely punctured. Body sparsely
punctured, more thickly between the segments. The wing cases
show obsolete creases. Length of pupa about 60 mm.; greatest
diameter 12 mm. Duration of this stage about twenty days.

Food-plant, Carica papaya. Larve from Dade County, Fla.,
near Lake Worth.

Dilophonota ello Linné.

EGc.—Nearly spherical, smooth, and of a dark green color.
Diameter about 1.5 mm. _ Laid singly on either surface of the leaf.

First LARVAL STAGE.—Head pale yellow, the mouth paler,
but the eyes and ends of jaws black. Width probably 6 mm. Body
pale green, with a dark dorsal shade, Later it is seen to be annu-
lated and dotted with small, pale whitish spots. An obscure white
subdorsal band. The caudal horn is black, 2.5 mm. long. Length
of larva 6 mm.

SECOND LARVAL STAGE.—Head pale greenish yellow, not
shiny. Mouth and palpi paler; an obscure vertical pale line. Eyes

LAA

black. Width probably 1 mm. Body yellowish green, the leaves
it has eaten showing as a darker shade; marked as before, but more
distinctly. Caudal horn very pale yellow, blackish at the tip, red-
dish at the base and 3.5 mm. long. Larva 12 mm. Later the horn
is reddish with small black spines; a very faint purplish shade on
joint 4 concealed by the fold. Feet reddish.

THIRD LaRVAL STAGE.—Head yellowish green, the jaws and
bases of the palpi paler. The lower joint of the palpus is red, the
eyes black. A faint paler band continues the subdorsal line of the
body. Width of head 1.8 mm. Body whitish green, with many
round, small, whitish spots separated in the subdorsal space by in-
terrupted, wavy, black lines. A whitish subdorsal line, edged above
with black, converges at both ends, ending at the horn and being
faint on joint 2. On the anteribr part of joint 4 is a black spot with
a white line in the center, surrounded by a whitish diffuse circle and
supplemented by two dark red spots one at each side. Horn yellow,
reddish at the base with small black spines.. Spiracles yellow, with
a red spot centrally. Thoracic feet reddish orange; abdominal
tinged with the same color. Length of horn 4.5 mm.; of larva
20 mm.

FourTH LarvAL STaGe.—Head flattened in front and at the
sides, partly withdrawn under the skin of joint 2. Color pale green,
minutely roughened. A broad, pale whitish band before the eyes,
continues the subdorsal line of the body. Eyes black, mouth pale,
the tips of the jaws black; palpi reddish. A few minute hairs over
the surface. Width 3 mm. Body whitish green, with many yel-
lowish round spots separated by longitudinal, wavy, interrupted
black lines, which are fainter on the sides and absent on the venter.
A pale yellow subdorsal band, narrowly edged above with black,
except “on joint 2, ends at the horn. There is a trace of a dorsal
line on joint 3. Caudal horn pale yellow, reddish at the base, mi-
nutely spinose, the spines brown. Length 6mm. _ Cervical shield
and anal plates pale green, with small, white, elevated spots. In
the fold on the anterior part of joint 3 is a white and a purplish
shade, and the mark partly concealed in the fold on anterior part of
joint 4 consists of a round black spot with a central line surrounded
by a broad yellowish white ring and beyond this a reddish pink
shade to the subdorsal line, which is here, and at the mark on joint
3, nearly white and crossed faintly by the purplish shade. Spira-
cles white, crossed by a central black band. Thoracic feet pinkish,
thrice annulate with black. The abdominal feet, of which the three
anterior pair are less well developed than the rest, are pale reddish

with a.black band and claspers whitish. Later they become nearly
as. in the last stage (except the pair on joint 13, which are plain),
but the lower white band and the olive gray band are replaced by
reddish, divided by a brown line. Length of larva about 4o mm.
FirTH LARVAL STAGE.—The mature larva varies from dark
green of the color of the leaf of its food-plant to brown. The green
form has the markings of the brown form more or less obsolescent.
The subdorsal line is usually distinct, the marks in the folds pale,
. affecting the sub-dorsal line much as in the previous stage. The
brown form is as follows: Head flattened at the sides, white, the
sutures marked with black and the following black marks; a short
line in the center of the triangular plate basally; two shades on
either side of the central suture, converging slightly vertically; a
line up from the base of the palpus, dilated centrally and blended
inwardly; a short line covering the eyes and a line on the posterior
portion of the side of the head. Palpi tipped with reddish. . Head
minutely and sparsely pilose; width, 5 mm. The caudal horn is a
conical rounded tubercle, from an elevated base, white. Body pur-
plish gray, with many round, small, diffuse yellowish spots, and
longitudinal, short, wavy black lines between them, more pronounced
above the sub-dorsal line and forming its border. This converges
on joint 3 and forms a continuation of the lines of the head. This
line also converges on joint 12 and ends at the horn. A series of
black shaded dorsal spots on joints 5-11 anteriorly. Laterally, and
especially in patches between the segments superstigmatally, the
yellowish spots are paler and enlarged, some partly confluent, giv-
ing the body a paler appearance, while the black lines are fewer and
more diffuse. The dorsum of joint 2 imitates the markings of the
head, having a dorsal line and the sub-dorsal space filled in with a
dull olive shading. Below this it has a broad white band; joint 3 is
suffused over the dorsum with a nearly uniform purplish flush, but
the markings reappear on the posterior part, widened and more
diffuse and end on the fold on the anterior part of joint 4, which has
nearly concealed a round black spot, bisected by a narrow blue line
surrounded by a white ring, and this nearly enclosed by an olive-
brown shade, replaced by pinkish to the sub-dorsal line.. Venter
pale, the black marks nearly lost. Thoracic feet white, with three
black rings; the abdominal (of which the last two pair are best de-
veloped) on joints 7-10 are as follows: Base white, next a broad
velvety black stripe, then a powdery blue stripe, a yellowish one
edged by a narrow blackish line and followed by a white band, a
black line, a broad olive-gray band and the claspers white. Anal

—T40—

feet unornamented, the plates yellowish gray, with rather few elevated
white spots. Spiracles white, bisected by a gray band. Length of
larva 80-100 mm.

Cocoon.—Formed of threads and loose material at the surface
of the ground.

Pupa.—-Of similar shape to that of D7/ophonota edwardsi7, but
much more robust and less lively. It is marked after the same pat-
tern in black and red-brown, but the black is very extensive, cover-
ing nearly the whole pupa. Color black, very shiny, marked ob-
scurely with red-brown on the veins of the wing cases and on the
leg cases; a curved line at the back part of the thorax, and a more
distinct, wavy, narrow band around each of the anterior abdominal
segments. Body punctured between the segments; wing cases and
thorax creased. Cremaster flat, somewhat rounding above and
below, broad at the base and tapering evenly to the front; densely
punctured. Length of pupa 55 mm.; width, 13 mm. Duration of
the larval stages from three to seven days; of the pupa twenty-eight
days.

Food-plant, Euphorbia cyathophora. Larve from Dade Co..,
Florida.

CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARD A MONOGRAPH OF
THE NOCTUIDZ OF TEMPERATE
NORTH AMERICA.

Revision of Scopelosoma Curtis.

BY JOHN B. SMITH.
Genus SCOPELOSOMA Curtis.
1838 Curtis, British Insects xiv, 635.

Eyes naked, strongly lashed; the lengthy strong hair almost
meeting over the eye. Head strongly retracted, the front clothed
with short, loose, somewhat divergent vestiture; palpi very short,
scarcely reaching the front. The antenne are simple, or with a
single lateral bristle in the ? ; simple, with lateral tufts of fine short
hair in the $. Thorax quadrate, somewhat depressed; vestiture
hairy, in some species with elongate scales intermixed; rather long
and decumbent, smooth. The collar is slightly prominent in front,
and there is an elevated anterior crest, very distinct in good speci-
mens. The abdomen is depressed, in the $ more or less flattened,
little or not exceeding anal angle of secondaries. The legs are un-
armed, and the underside is rather thickly clothed with woolly hair.

—

The primaries are short, subequal, with rectangular apices, outer
margin straight to middle, then obliquely inward, angle not retracted.

The genitalia of the $, so far as known, are referable to three
types, or rather there are two types, and two of the species which
are otherwise very close to others are aberrant in this respect.

The species are readily divisible into two series—the first with
broader primaries, bright colors—yellow forming a prominent feat-
ure, distinct, oblique or slightly sinuate median shade line, and well
defined ordinary spots; the second with distinctly narrower prima-
ries, dull colors of which luteous usually forms a base, median shade
line usually distinct, but angulated above middle. Ordinary spots
not defined, orbicular in all except 3-stigmata obsolete. The first
series contains grejiana, moffatiana, pettitt and ceromatica. Except
moffatiana, these species have practically similar genitalia. The
harpes are broad, the upper margin thicker, chitinous, curved and
produced into a blunt, rounded tip, from the lower edge of which
projects a small acute spur. The clasper is a rather long, stout,
corneous hook, extending nearly to the end of the projecting harpe,
and but moderately curved. The slight differences in detail between
the species are better noted by a comparison of figures than by any
description.

I head the species with gv@fiana, which is pale ocher-yellow,
with rigid, single, median lines and an almost equally rigid median
shade line.

Moffatiana is closely allied in color and maculation; so closely
indeed, that for a long time they were considered identical. The
superficial differences narrow to a deeper, more reddish ground
color, and less rigid transverse lines. The t. a. line especially, is in
this species usually bent on the subcostal vein. The ¢ genitalia
are of an entirely different type from the other species of the group.
The harpes are narrow, elongate, the upper margin straight, the
inferior margin obliquely curved, meeting the upper margin in an
acute point at tip. From the middle of upper margin extends a
corneous rib, obliquely downward and projecting as a spur consid-
erably beyond the margin of harpe. The clasper arises rather near
the base of the harpe, is stout, strong, obtuse and somewhat enlarged
at tip and forms an irregular half circle. This strong difference in
species otherwise so nearly allied is remarkable.

Pettiti is a small species, the smallest of the genus in fact, the
ground color like moffatiana, but all the maculation indistinct. From
both the preceding it differs by the crenulate t. p. line.

Ceromatica agrees with feft7ti in the crenulate t. p. line, but it

is much larger, and the color is an intense orange-red, with violet
powderings. .

The second series contains the remainder of the species, and
these again with the exception of v7zzz/enéa agree in genital structure.
The harpes are rather elongate, of moderate width, equal to near
tip, then suddenly narrowed and bent, the tip again somewhat
broader, obliquely truncate or rounded, inwardly fringed with very
fine spinules. The clasper extends along upper margin of harpes
to the bend, is there very abruptly curved and extends straight
downward, considerably beyond the tip of harpes.

Tristigmata, walkerit and sidus have the t. p. line dark and
crenulate; morrisonz and devia have it pale and even.

Tristigmata has the orbicular distinct, and the claviform evi-
dent, differing by the first of these characters from the others in
this series by the second from all the others of the genus. The color
is a reddish luteous.

Walkerii lacks the orbicular, has the reniform usually marked
with white, and is reddish luteous, powdery.

Stdus, of which vinezlenta is undoubtedly a synonym, differs
superficially only in the dull, somewhat rusty red-brown color. The
maculation is identical, but usually more strongly marked. The
genitalia are very different, andsomewhat like moffatiana; the harpes
are moderately wide, lower margin excavate near tip, which narrows
to an obtuse point. The clasper is like that of moffatiana.

Morrisoni is again luteous reddish, like wa/kerii, but differs as
already indicated,by the even, pale t. p. line.

Devia is more mouse-gray in color, with white powderings.
The distinctive feature of the species is a broad, oblique shade
through s. t. space, and the approximate median lines.

In synoptic form the species are distinguishable as follows:

Wider winged species; ocher yellow to dark brick red, the median shade
prominent; ordinary spots large, defined.
T. p. line very aan even, not crenulate or marked on veins.
Paler ocher cae Hel Minavevtuyovakede 5 ee ye . . . Qrefianay
Darker yellow; t. a. ae obtusely angulate on subicnee ul vein. moffatiana~
T. p. line less ee. crenulate, marked on veins by darker points.
Reddish ocher yellow; size smaller . . . . 9...» . » penitiie
Dark orange-red, with violet powderings; larger . . . . ceromatica. ~
Narrower winged species; luteous to red-brown; median shade less distinct;
ordinary spots smaller, indefinite or obsolete.
T. p. line crenulate; dark.
Orbicular distinctly, claviform faintly indicated. . . . . tristigmata.~
Orbicular and claviform wanting.

Luteous to fuscous or reddish powdery . . . . . . . Walkerii.
SOE ae fase ane ot Gua la Ka SLO;

T. p. line even, pale.
Variable in color; luteous: to brown; t. p. line ee sinuate; s. t.

line irregular, angulate . . . . . . Mmorrisoni.
Sordid luteous gray; t. p. line evenly Bisiatiate: a icant rigidly oblique
pale shade line through s.t.space. .... . . . . devia.

S. grefiana.
1874, Grt. Buff. Bull. ii, 69, Scope/osoma.
1882, Grt. ¢ Ill. Essay 65, pl. 3, fig. 438, Scope/osoma.

Rather pale yellow, with orange irroration; transverse lines distinct,

brown. Basal line distinct. T. a. line rigidly upright, or slightly oblique.

T. p. line inwardly oblique; with a small out-

ward curve on costa, thence rigid to hind

(( margin. A distinct, slightly arcuate median

\ shade line equally distinct from costa to inner

margin; forming inner boundary of reniform.

S. t. line very faint, barely traceable, irreg-

ular, punctiform. A row of terminal lunules.

Ordinary spots concolorous, ringed with brown. Orbicular small, round;

reniform large, slightly constricted medially. Secondaries pale yellow, with

an outer darker line. Beneath pale yellow, with a more or less complete

outer line; secondaries with discal lunule. Head and thorax concolorous

with primaries. Antenne of < with fine lateral tuftings, of 2 perfectly
simple. Expands 1.30—1.50 inch.; 33—38 mm.

Hab.—New York northward.
The differences between this species and the closely allied mof-
fatiana are elsewhere discussed.

S. moffatiana Grt.
1882, Grt., Bull. U. S. Geol. Surv. vi, 583, Scofelosoma.
ervefiana ~ Grt.
1882, Grt., Ill. Essay 65, pl. 3, fig. 38, Scope/osoma.
1882, Grt., Bull, U. S. Geol. Surv. vi, 583, pr, syn.

Rather deep reddish. yellow, the lines distinct, darker brown. T. a. line
somewhat arcuate, rarely nearly rigid. T. p. line with an initial curve on
costa, thence inwardly oblique and usually
somewhat arcuate to hind margin. S. t.
line faint, irregular. A row of terminal
lunules; median shade line rather broad,
diffuse, subsinuate. Ordinary spots con-
colorous with brown outlines; orbicular
rather small, round; reniform large, somewhat constricted at middle. Sec-
ondaries pale yellow, with a reddish suffusion, the outer line of underside
sometimes faintly reproduced. Beneath as in gr@fiana. Head and thorax
concolorous with primaries. Expands 1.40—1.50 inch.; 35—37 mm.

Hab.—New York, northward.

S. pettiti Grt.
1875, Grt., Can. Ent. vii, 188, Scopelosoma.
1877, Grt., Can. Ent. ix, 213, Scopelosoma.

Deep reddish yellow, all the maculation indistinct. Basal line often ob-

solete. T. a. line upright, often obsolete. T. p. line oblique, arcuate, marked

on veins with black points, which makes it seem cren-
~~ ulated. S. t. line indistinct, also marked with faint
of Y\ \ blackish shades on the veins. A row of indistinct
" S ANN 3 terminal lunules; median shade rather diffuse, always
distinct; slightly or not at all sinuate. Ordinary spots
concolorous, faintly outlined; orbicular small, round,
often scarcely discernible; reniform large, more obvious, with a blackish spot
inferiorly. Secondaries pale yellow, with a faint reddish suffusion. Beneath
as in gr@fiana and moffatiana. Expands 1.10 inch.; 27 mm.

Ffab.—Canada, Iowa, New York.

This species is readily distinguished from all the broad winged
forms by the obsolete maculation and small size. From ceromatica,
its nearest ally, it is distinguished by the much more yellowish-red
color.

S. ceromatica Grt.
1874, Grt., Buff. Bull. ii, 70, Scopelosoma.
1874, Grt., Buff. Bull. ii, 125, Nazthia.

Rather dark orange-red, with violet powderings; terminal spots some-
what darker; median lines brown. T. a. line upright, or but feebly arcuate,
even. T. p. line parallel with, and rather close to outer margin, crenulate;
the points blackish. S. t. line irregular, inwardly
diffuse, slightly paler; outwardly limited by the
darker terminal space. Basal line barely trace-
able. <A distinct, slightly sinuate median shade
line, touching outer boundary of reniform, Or-
bicular small, round, concolorous, with darker outline and a pale inner an-
nulus. Reniform large, kidney shaped, darker, with pale ring; inferiorly
there is a blackish dot. Secondaries luteous, with an orange suffusion.
Head and thorax concolorous with primaries. Beneath pale yellowish orange,
with a red-brown outer line; secondaries with discal lunule. Antennze of <j
thicker and ciliate; of 2 more slender and simple. Expands 1.20—1.40 inch. ;
30—35 mm. .

Hab.—New Jersey, New York, Maine, New Hampshire, Canada.
A very distinct form, recognizable by the deep orange color and
violet powderings; it is the most intensely colored of the wide
winged species.
S. tristigmata Grt.

1877, Grt., Can. Ent. ix, 156, Scopelosoma.
1884, Thaxter, Can. Ent. xvi, 33 (life history).

Reddish luteous, with black powdering, transverse lines and ordinary

\

spots distinct; terminal space darker, more heavily powdered. Basal line
distinct, black. T. a. line upright, somewhat irregular, varying in shade from
brown to black. T. p. line black, parallel with outer margin, with black
points on veins making it crenate. A
more or less broken brown shade ins. t.
space serves to indicate the concolor-
ous s. t. line. Through the median
space is a dark brown shade, outwardly
angulate, the angle touching the black
CP filling of inferior portion of reniform;
ae the latter is large, not defined, usually
of a paler shade of ground color, but
often white; always, however, the inferior portion is black filled. The or-
bicular is small, round, concolorous, neatly brown ringed. The claviform is
small, pointed, inconspicuous, but evident in all specimens I have seen.
Head and thorax concolorous with primaries. Secondaries blackish with
reddish fringes. Beneath reddish powdery, with a variably distinct outer line

and discal lunule. Expands 1.20—1.40 inch.; 30—35 mm.

Hab.—Dist. Columbia, New York, Massachusetts, New Hamp-
shire, Maine, Canada.

A very distinct species, evidently belonging to the narrow winged
series, and yet with considerable likeness in maculation and habitus
to the wider winged forms. The black spot in inferior portion of
reniform, the evident claviform, the darker terminal space and crenu-
lated t. p. line are distinctive.

S. walkerii Grt.
1864, Grt., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. ii, 439, pl. 9, fig. 5, Dichagramma.
1873, Grt., Buff. Bull. i, 192, Scope/osoma.
1874, Grt., Buff. Bull. ii, 71, ? an var. sidus.
1875, Grt., List Noctuidz, an sp. dist.
1882, Grt., New List, an var. sidus.
1884, Thaxter, Can. Ent. xvi, 31, an sp. dist. vinulenta (life history).

Reddish luteous, powdery, maculation often indistinct, subobsolete-
Basal line rarely traceable. T. a. line often indistinct, or even entirely want-
ing; when present, rigidly upright, pale or dusky, preceded by a narrow pale
shade. T. p. line well removed toward,
and parallel with the outer margin; crenu-
late, dusky or blackish; often indistinct.
S. t. line very faint, concolorous, barely
traceable, sometimes more relieved by
blackish powderings at either side; median
shade variably distinct, angulate; the angle touching the reniform inferiorly.
Orbicular wanting; reniform a narrow, blackish lunule, usually with a larger
ovate white spot in the middle and small white dots at the tips. Secondaries
smoky to blackish, with pale fringes, variably shaded with reddish. Beneath
with a dusky common line, variably complete; and a discal lunule. Antennz

—I52—

laterally bristled in both sexes, much more distinetly, however, in the <.
Head and thorax concolorous with primaries. Expands 1.25—1.45 inch.;
31—36 mm.

Hab.—Texas, Iowa, New York, Canada, Maine.

In this species the tendency is to an obsolescence of all mark-
ings, and not infrequently the large white spot in the reniform will
be the only distinct feature of the wing. Mr. Thaxter, in describing
the larva of this species, concluded it distinct from s¢dus (vinalenta), a
conclusion which is strikingly borne out by the structural characters.

8. sidus Gn.
1852, Gn., Sp. Gen. Noct. 1, 386, Scopelosoma.
1856, Wlk., C. B. M. Mus. x, 454, Aupsifia.
1873, Grt., Buff. *Bull. i, r91, Scopelosoma.
1874, Grt.. Buff. Bull. ti, 71, Scopelosoma.
vinulenta Gt.
1864, Grt., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. ii, 440, pl. 9, fig. 6, Dichagramma.
1873, Grt., Buff. Bull. i, 191, pr. syn.
1874, Grt., Buff. Bull. ii, 70, an sp. dist.
1882, Grt., New List, an var. szdus.
1884, Thaxter, Can. Ent. xvi, 32 (life history).

Vinous red-brown, more or less powdery, terminal space darker, all the
lines distinct. Basal line distinct, obsoletely geminate, included space paler,
of a violet tint. T. a. line rigidly oblique,
darker brown, with a preceding violet
shade. T. p. line blackish brown, parallel
with outer margin, somewhat dentate or
crenate on veins. S. t. line broad, con-
colorous, or but slightly paler, marked by the dusky terminal space, and a
preceding darker brown shade. The median shade ‘is blackish, diffuse, an-
gulate as in walkeriiz. Reniform also as in waékerii, orbicular wanting. Sec-
ondaries blackish, with paler reddish fringes. Head and thorax concolorous.
Beneath rusty, powdery, disc of primaries blackish; a common outer dark
line and dark discal lunule. Antennz ciliate, most evidently so in the .
Expands 1.20—1.40 inch.; 30—35 mm.

Hab.—Texas, New York to Canada.

The only one of the narrow winged species that is vinous brown
in color, and therefore readily distinguished. The affinities of the
species are elsewhere discussed. It is variable in color, and the
white of reniform is a variable quantity. Sometimes this species
and wadkerti will be so nearly alike in color that it will require close
examination to properly refer a specimen. Both in genital structure,
however, and in larval history they are distinct.

S. morrisoni Grt., Buff. Bull. 2, 70.
1874, Grt., Buff. Bull. il, 70, Scopelosoma.
1884, Thaxter, Can. Ent. xvi, 30, life history.

Luteous to ferruginous, finely powdered; median lines narrow, pale, even.
Basal line pale, often indefinite or wanting. T. a. line rigidly upright, or
slightly oblique, rarely faintly sinuate. T. p. line variable; rarely rigidly up-

right, often arcuate or sinuate, usually about

8 parallel with outer margin. S. t. line faint,

_hardly paler, irregularly dentate; sometimes

—=~ preceded by a slightly darker shade. Orbicular

obsolete; reniform sometimes obsolete, more

usually marked as a narrow, slightly paler, rarely

white lunule, inferiorly with a blackish dot. The median shade line is indis-
tinct, or entirely wanting. Secondaries blackish, with pale, more or less
reddish fringes. Head and thorax concolorous with primaries. Antennz
3 2 with lateral bristles to each joint. Expands 1.4c—1.48 inch.; 35—37 mm.

Flab.—New York, Massachusetts, northward to Canada.
Distinguishable by the even, narrow, pale median lines and
indistinct irregularly angulate s. t. line.

S. devia Grt.
1874, Grt., Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci., Phil. 1874, 209, Scopelosoma.
1884, Thaxter, Can. Ent. xvi, 33, life history.

Mouse-gray, with pale powderings, less distinct in median space; median
lines whitish. T. a. line remote from base, inwardly oblique, even, rigid.
T. p. line rather narrower, even, bisinuate. S. t. line distinct, pale, irregu-
larly sinuate; through the middle of the s. t. space
is a rigidly oblique, rather broad, pale shade line.
Orbicular wanting, reniform narrowly and incom-
pletely outlined. The basal line is usually trace-
able, but often absorbed in the pale powderings of
the basal space. The median lines are unusually
approximate. Secondaries a shade paler than primaries, but not powdery.
Beneath like secondaries above; powdery; a broad, diffuse, outer line on
both wings. Head and thorax concolorous with primaries; abdomen with
secondaries. The 92 antennz are laterally bristled, in front clothed with
pure white scales for half their length. Exp. 1.20—1.32 inch.; 30-—33 mm.

Ffab.—New York and northward.

This species is very readily distinguished by the absence of me-
dian shade line, and the presence of a broad pale shade through s. t.
space. It is rather rare.

The first meeting of the Entomological Club of the A. A. A. S.
will be held at the room of the Biological Section, at the State House,
Indianapolis, Ind., at 9 A. M., Wednesday, August 20th. Members
expecting to attend will please notify the President, Prof. A. J.
Cook, Agricultural College, Michigan, or the Secretary ; and all
expecting to present papers are urgently requested to forward titles
to F. M. Webster, Sec’y, Lafayette, Ind.

Remarks on the Habits of some species of Cleridz.
BY FRANK H. CHITTENDEN.

Elasmocerus terminatus Say.—Last year at Staten Island, May
17th, I discovered in an infested grape vine a larva of Phymatodes
amenus, to which was attached another larva engaged in devouring
it by absorbing its juices. The predaceous larva had begun opera-
tions at the caudal extremity of the Cerambycid, about one-quarter
of which was shriveled up. The remainder was intact, and the in-
sect was still alive when placed in alcohol two days later. A pupa
found at the same time was almost entirely white, greatly resembling
2 hymenopterous pupa. On the 18th it had begun to color, the
elytra assuming a darker hue, and on the following day the species
was recognizable.

Trichodes apivorus Germ.—I have found on the flowers of
Solidago and the New Jersey tea plant (Ceanothus americanus) during
July and August. Ithaca, N. Y.

Clerus rosmarus Say.—A specimen was observed last year
seated on the leaf of a shrub devouring a small Nitidulid, Cercus
abdominalis. Orange, N. J., June gth.

Thanasimus diubius Fab. is probably restricted, at least in its
adolescent stages, to the Coniferze. It appears early in the Spring
and preys upon pine-boring Scolytidz.:

Clerus thoracicus Oliv. is quite common in this vicinity, occur-
ring on a variety of deciduous trees during May and June. I have
bred specimens from the following: Pear tree February 11th and
March 2d; Butternut, March 18th; Chestnut, May rst to 14th;
Willow, April 8th. This species is undoubtedly predaceous, and I
suspect lives at the expense of various Cerambycid larve. One
‘specimen reared from a Chestnut twig, attacked and made a meal
off the abdomen of an Anthaxia, which had bred from the same
wood.

Unfortunately, I have not preserved good specimens of the
larve. Full grown specimens are about a quarter of an inch in
length, of a nearly uniform purplish hue, hairy, and the thorax is
ornamented by two dark spots. The last segment terminates in two
corneous appendages of a dark brown color.

When full grown the larva forms a burrow, often in the disused
gallery of some Longicorn, or other wood borer, lining it with a
silvery silken substance. One of these burrows in my possession
measures 80 mm. in length and 2-3 mm. in diameter.

The pupa, like others of the family that have come under my
notice, does not exhibit the characteristic structural features of the
adult insect. One larva taken March roth had assumed the pupal
stage on the 23d, and became a pérfect insect April 8th,

Thaneroclerus sanguineus Say, has similar habits to the fore-
going. One specimen was found dormant in a burrow which it had
constructed in the dead wood of an Oak, March 27th; another was
taken from dead Maple wood, May gth, both at Ithaca, N. Y. Two
examples were found by Mr. G. W. J. Angell at Rangeley Lakes,
Maine, May 2oth, on a pile of cut Birch, one of them taken from
the wood.

flydnocera unifasciata Say.—Taken on Chestnut and Tulip trees
July 6th to 2oth.

FT, humeralis Say.—Occurs in numbers on the common Bay
berry (Myrica cerifera) at the beaches in the vicinity of New York
City—Highland Beach, N. J., Rockaway Beach, L. I[., June 18th
to July 3d.

ff. pallipennis Say.—Occurs with HZ. unzfasciata, July 24th to
September 8th.

H. verticalis Say.—Bred from Hickory twigs ue 15th to 20th.
Occurs on Hickory leaves July 9th to 26th.

f7. longicollis Zieg\.—Bred from a larva found under the bark
of Witch-hazel (Hamamelis virginica). It was taken from the blind
end of a burrow that had been made by some beetle—presumably a
Cerambycid—of the size of Phymatodes variabilis, and was hemmed
in by a layer of castings about half an inch long. The burrow was
lined with a silvery substance somewhat like that observed in the
burrows of Clerus thoracicus. The larva when found, April 26th,
was about to pupate; it transformed in confinement May 22d. _ I
have also bred this species from Hickory twigs, and have found the
beetles on the leaves of Hickory in July.

Phyllobenus dislocatus Say.—Bred from Butternut twigs May
4th. Occurs in this vicinity in June.

Chariessa pilosa Forst.—Bred from a larva found in a Hickory
twig at South Woodstock, Conn., on October 30th. Imago devel-
oped in May. Also taken at Ithaca, June 14th zz copula on the
trunk of a Butternut tree.

Laricobius erichsont Rosen.—Abundant in early Spring on the

foliage of White Pines.

—156-—-

SYNOPSES OF CERAMBYCID£.
BY CHARLES W. LENG, B. S.

(Continued from p. 110, vol. vi.)

GAUROTES LeConte.

This genus was separated by Dr. LeConte for our common
Eastern species cyantpennis, and now contains three species readily
recognized by the shining green elytra, which are sparsely and
weakly punctured in the typical species, more strongly in abdom7-
nalts, and quite closely and deeply in cressonz. The character used
to mark the genus in the ‘‘ Classification,’’ and which we have fol-
lowed above, is, strictly speaking, confined to cyanzpennis, i. e. the
protuberant mesosternum. Mr. Frederick Blanchard first called
attention (Bull. Br. Ent. Soc. vii, p. 108) to the fact that the meso-
sternum is not at all protruberant in addominalis, and only feebly so
in cressonz, and the three species might indeed form the types of
three genera. We do not find any better character, and the color,
fortunately, renders them easy to distinguish and serves to separate
them one from another.

Synopsis.
Abdomen black, legs and antenne pale . ... =, . . +. cyanipennis.
Abdomen pale, legs and antennz pale, except basal joint . . abdominalis.
Abdomen pale, legs bicolored, antennz piceous; larger species . cressoni.

G. cyanipennis Say, J. A. P. iii, 1823, p. 423; zone Newn., Ent. 1842, p. 30;
leonardi Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, 1847, p. 60; chalybea Hald.
le c.gec., J, A. P.ser-2; 1, p ai; segzedien servy., Anne ee

p. 214.
Length g—ro mm. = .36—.4oinch. AHaditat.—Can., N. H., Mass., N. Y.,
N. J., Pa., Va., Carolina, Ky., Mich., Ark.
G. abdominalis Bland, Proc. Ent. Soc. i, 1862, p. 270.
Length 1omm. = .go inch. Had.—N. H., Va., Pa.

G. cressoni Bland, |. c. 1864, p. 69.
Length 11 mm. = .44 inch. Afab.—Rocky Mts., Col., Nev.

BELLAMIRA LeConte. —
B. scalaris Say, J. A. P., v, 2. 1827, p. 278; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, 1847,
p. 65; coarctatus Hald., |. c. p. 59; Dej., Cat. 3, ed. p. 380.
Length 15—27 mm. = .76—1.08 inch. Hab.—Can., N. H., N. Y., Pa.,
Mich: N..J.; Md.,S. W.Va. ea:
A large handsome insect, chestnut-brown in color with a long
attenuated abdomen, which gives it a wasp-like aspect. The form
is very slender, and the elytra strongly sinuate as in the next genus.

The last ventral segment in the male is very strongly excavated.
i e

STRANGALIA Serville.

The form is elongate in all the species of Strangalia, very
markedly in all but sexnotata, and the last ventral segment of the
male is excavated, strongly in all but the last two. The poriferous
system of the antenne is lacking in de/icata, but is present in the
others, and is contained in small, oval, depressed spaces, situated
near the tip of the sixth and following joints. The following syn-
opsis is copied from Dr. LeConte’s of 1873, with de/icata the only
new species since found, interpolated. It will be noted that the
generic characters become weaker in the last species. There is far
less variation in color in this genus than in Acmeops.

Synopsis.

A.—Body very elongate;. fifth ventral § very deeply excavated, so as to
appear emarginate, lateral lobes thin, expanded; elytra not
fasciate.

Hind tarsi with third joint scarcely emarginate.

Ferruginous, antennz thicker; elytra more coarsely punctured with pale
sutural markings; fourth ventral <j with a broad apical impres-
SION fs | 3 oy | ESN) oe ol ade ee

Hind tarsi with third ean strdnaly ease!

Above testaceous, head sometimes fuscous; antennze blackish, slender;
prothorax with two broad black vittee; elytra less coarsely punc-
tured, with black marginal spots; beneath usually dark, abdo-
men sometimes, and legs partly, testaceous. . . . famelica.

Black, elytra more coarsely punctured, pale, with margin and suture
blackish; tip less acuminate and more distinctly truncate than
in the preceding, than which it is much smaller and more slender.

acuminata.

B.—Body very elongate; fifth ventral 3 more or less excavated, but not
emarginate, lateral lobes not or merely moderately expanded;
third joint of hind tarsi emarginate.

Ferruginous, elytra with two transverse testaceous bands each margined
With, DIAC ja tea ta ey, : : U5 >. tees:

Rufo-testaceous; prothorax with ee ae give ee three transverse
bands black; hind thighs black at tip; antennze yellowish.

luteicornis.

Ferruginous, elytra black . . . . : Bio eolane
Black, abdomen and legs ferruginous, ely fa Gea eatis: more or less vittate
withiblack 2... Lab 6a 0) se, ORR

C.—Body less elongate, fifth ventral 3 Babe eaeaeatiy impressed; sixth
joint of antennze without sensitive spot.

Ferruginous, elytra paler, with three large spots extending from the margin
Meayree Le. SULUTE.. Si auwe nism lis Sf 4 < “Gnotata:

S. virilis Lec.. S. M. C. No. 264, 1873, p. 212.
Length 15—19 mm. = .60—.76 inch. Aaé.—Texas.

S*

—158--

S. famelica Newn., Ent. 1841, p. 68; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 61; azgus-
tata, Dej., Cat. 3, p. 381; zigricornis. Knoch, i. litt; confluenta,
Hald., |. c.; solitaria, Hald., |. c.
Length 13—14 mm. = .52—.56 inch. /aé.—Mich., la., Ky., Pa., N. Y.,
N. C., Va.. Ga,,Ala., Md., -Mo., Ohio.

Varies entirely black, also entirely pale, with the antennz and
parts of the legs dark. Specimens of J/afeicornts sometimes are
called by this name when the elytral bands are incomplete, but the
two species may be separated by the color of the antennz instantly,
which is black or nearly so in famelica and always pale in /utezcornts.

S. acuminata Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv, 73, p. 20. t. 3, fig. 35; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2,
1, 1850, p. 330; emaciata Newn., Ent. p. 68; mecydaloides,

Knoch, i. litt.
Length 8—9 mm. = .32—.36 inch. Had.—Ct., N. Y.. N. J., Pa.
Varies entirely black.

S. strigosa Newn., 1841, l. c. p. 69; Hald., Proc. Ac. Phil. iv, p. 175.
Length 16 mm. = .64 inch. Hab —Florida.

S. luteicornis Fab., Syst. Ent. 1775, p. 197; Oliv., Ent. iv, 73, p. 20, t. 3, fig,
34; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil x, p.61.
Length 9g—13 mm. = .36—.52 inch. Had.—N. Y., Pa., Va., N. C., Ga.,
Fla., Ky., Mass., La., Can., Md., Ohio.

S. bicolor Sweder. Vet. Ac. Nya. Handl. viii, 1787, p. 197; Say, J. A. P. iii.
p. 418.
Length 12—14 mm, = .48—.56 inch. /7ab.—Mich., Ky., Ohio, Pa., Ga.,
VialiNe Yo, Alay Cant Wi
S. delicata Lec., 1874, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. v, p. 97.
Length 12 mm. = .48 inch. Hab.—Cal., Nev.

S. sexnotata Hald., 1847, l. c.
Length 8—13 mm. = .32— 52 inch. Had.—Ga., Fla., Tex., N. Mex.,
Mass.
TYPOCERUS LeConte.

This genus contains a number of species exactly like Leptura
in general form and in coloring, but differing by the large, impressed,
poriferous spaces on the antennae. The following synopsis follows
that of Dr. LeConte (S. M. C. No. 264, p. 213), and includes the
species since described.

Synopsis.
A.—Antenne black, with sixth and following joints with impressed poriferous
spaces; prothorax not strongly rounded on the sides.
Prothorax very coarsely punctured. :
Prothorax margined before and behind with golden hair, legs ferruginous.
Elytra acutely acuminate, with indistinct yellow bands; prothorax nar-
rowed from the base, sides subsinuate . . . . . .~ badius.

Elytra less acutely acuminate, black with three bands and two basal

spots yellow . . . . . . Zebratus.
Prothorax margined with hair at Hades ie nud atibeniied black.

Elytra black, with a broad angulated yellow spot, sometimes divided,
extending from the base to the side margin, enclosing the hu-
meral angle and posterior yellow band, often missing . Iunatus.

Elytra black, with basal spot and three transverse bands yellow, the
two anterior bands sometimes united at suture... sparsus.

Prothorax more densely, less coarsely punctured; Beene ace golden,
denser at base and tip.

Legs ferruginous; elytra brown, with four yellow bands, frequently im-

perfect or obsolete, tip sub-obliquely truncate and feebly bi-

spinose . . . . . . . Velutinus.
Legs black; elytra black, oF Sbhqiels crencate oe shortly acuminate.
lugubris.

B.—Antennz brown; prothorax strongly punctured, much rounded on the
sides before the middle; elytra with four yellow bands, more or
less confluent, the anterior basal, the second and third frequently
connected near suture, tip subtruncate, not spinose; legs ferru-

ginous.
ene stouter, the sixth joint with large impression in {; elytra more
shining .. . . . brunnicornis.
Antennz more slender, goles 3—5 longer, 205 without impression in
eithersex . . . . . Sinuatus.

C.—Antenne black <j, partly enone Sg. nee trouely punctured, much
rounded on the sides before the middle; elytra yellow, with base
and tip and three narrow bands black, often imperfect, tip sub-
wreneate: less yellow (304. y PN Pa} beanbag!

T. badius Newn., Ent. 1841, p. 69.
Length 13 mm. = .52 inch. iki Pita tons (Ne Cyr Alay
T. zebratus Fab., 1801, Syst. El. ii, p. 364; Lec. yj: ALT. Ph Ser (2. i peas
aurigera Newn., at. p7o:
Length 1o—13 mm. = .4o—.52 inch. fiab.—F la.;'Ga., N. €.. N.Wi, Pas

This species is often confused with Leptura zebra, from which
it may be readily separated by the prothorax being only impressed
at base, while in Z. zeéra it is deeply excavated.

T. sparsus Lec., Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. 1878, xvii, p. 614.
Length 9—10 mm. = .36—.40 inch. Hab.—Mich., L. Sup., Wis., Ohio.
T. lunatus Fab., 1801, 1. c. p. 360; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. X, Pp. 63; arcuata||
Oliv: 5 Ent. 1795, iv; 73,.p: a t. 4, fig. 49.
Length rea mm. — .36—.40 inch. opr la., Ga., N. C , Texas.
T. velutinus Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv, 1, c.; Hald., 1. c.; fugas Fab., 1798, Syst.
Ent. Suppl. p. 153; Hald., Proc. Ac. Phil. iv, P- 3753; “hots Forst.
i. litt.; Schon, Syn. Ins. i, 3, p. 485, not. g; fenutor Ky., Fn. Bor.
Am. iv, p. 181; 2obi/is Newn., Ent. p. 67.
Length ro—14 mm. = .4o—.56 inch. aes Fila,,.Va.,.Pa,-N. fx
N. Y., N. H., Wis., Dak., Ind. T., Can. W., La., Me.. Ohio.

—160—

T. lugubris Say, 1823, J. A. P. iii, p. 419; Hald.,; 1. c.
Length 9—11 mm. = .36—.44 inch. Hab.—Ga., N. C., Va., Pa., N. Y.,
Mich., Ia., Mo. La., Mass., Can: W.

T. brunnicornis Lec., S. M. C. No. 264, 1873, p. 214.
Length 10 mm. = .go inch. AHab.—Texas, Fla., Col., N. Mex.

T. sinuatus Newn., 1841, Ent. p. 70, :
Length 1o—13 mm. = .40o—.52 inch. Aab.—Fla., Middle States, Dak.,
Mont:, Kan:,-Ind: is Tex. Nelle Nebe Ease Sd. PassGoke
Mass., Mo., S. W. Va.
T. balteatus Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soe. vii, 1878, p. 55.
Length 11—13 mm. = .44—.52 inch. H/ab.—Col., Ariz., Mont.
(To be continued. )

oo ——————

The field meeting of July 4th, at Jamesburg, was fairly well at-
tended, though, owing to the threatening weather, many who had
signified their intention of coming were deterred. Twenty-eight
persons were present, Philadelphia furnishing the largest contingent.
Two large wagons carried the party to the collecting grounds, where
they scattered to do such collecting as the damp condition of things
would allow. Before separating, however, the party were immor-
talized by means of the camera and an engineer brought for the pur-
pose. At noon (very promptly) the party reassembled to discuss
the goods provided by the intelligent efforts of the committee | bow
from the writer as one of them), and it was noted that the dampness
complained of as a bar to good collecting shifted its location, and
as the external circumstances became dry, the internal wetness was
not complained of. After the party had been again photographed—
Dr. Skinner officiating at the milk-pitcher—the meeting organized
by the election of Dr. George H. Horn, of Philadelphia, as Presi-
dent and Prof. J. B. Smith as Secretary. The Secretary’s address
was spoilt by the fact that at the most interesting period a young
woman passed through the camp on her way to a Sunday-school
picnic and so distracted the attention of all concerned (except the
presiding officer) that the peroration came to an untimely end. It
is beyond the power of the Secretary to give an accurate record of all
that was done and perhaps it is well he should not; but the following
were appointed as a committee to arrange for future meetings. For
the Am. Ent. Soc., Dr. Skinner ; for the Feltman Club, Mr. Wen-
zel; for the Newark Society, Mr. Machesney ; for the Brooklyn
Society, Prof. Smith. The further proceedings were informal and
not to be recorded.—J. B. SmitrH, Secretary.

TON UG Ig.
AMERICANA

VOL. VI. BROOKLYN, SEPTEMBER, 1890. No. 9.
Ne

THE NORTH AMERICAN EUSTROTIINI.

BY A. RADCLIFFE GROTE, A. M.

The rather small sized, slender Woctuzd@, Boisduval’s Noctuo-
phalenide, which I have included in the Revised Check List under
the tribe Austrotiinz, seem well placed low down in the Noctuzne,
since in several particulars and in their geometriform larvae, which
are 12- to 14-footed, they approach the Cafocaline. The eyes are
naked, and this feature is characteristic of the lower Woctuzde and
the Geometride, in which latter a single genus has hairy eyes so far
as Iam aware. The slender body is rather sparsely clothed with a
mixed vestiture, sometimes mealy. The wings are rather weak, the
primaries with the external margin comparatively straight and some-
times noticeably short, the hind wings full and rounded. Several
genera have a marked tortriciform appearance, these are “rotyla (=
Agrophila), of Europe, and Fruva, Xanthoptera, Spragueta, of our
fauna. In the Revised Check List I have commenced the series
with the genera having a clypeal protuberance, or an embossed
front. In the first genus, Azenza, the armature of the head is dis-
proportionately large. There is a tendency in the tortriciform genera
which follow, to have the clypeus rugose or globose, the infra-clypeal
plate prominent, so that there seems a reason for the arrangement
there adopted; these frontal characters seem to gradually vanish in
the other genera of the tribe, though the front is often swollen. All
of the genera I have seen have the legs somewhat weak, and, so far
as I am aware, the tibiz unarmed.

The neuration affords certain plastic characteristics by which
we may separate the genera. On the hind wings vein 5 is variably

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA. Vol. VI. 9 SEPTEMBER, I8go.

—162—

strong, sometimes wanting. On the fore wings the accessory cell is
usually present, and differences are presented in the length and point
of origin of veins 7 to 9. But the neuration of all the genera is not
yet known. So far as my conclusions go we must, as yet, hesitate
to accord too great value to neurational characters in classifying the
moths as a whole. All characters must be used in classification, but
we are not in a position, evidently, to make the neuration the crucial
test. It is a general guide, but no more than a guide, to find the
most natural position for a genus; keeping it alone in sight we may
stray from the ends we propose to reach in arranging the objects of
our studies.

Gen. AZENIA Grt. (1882)

Form very robust, like Sfvagweza, the wings long, primaries
widening a little outwardly. Eyes naked. Labial palpi closely
scaled, rather thick in appearance, a little longer than in Xazthoptera,
lying obliquely across the face, hardly exceeding the clypeal projec-
tion. This latter very large, overshadowing the infra-clypeal plate,
flattened, trilobed. Legs unarmed and thinly scaled. Two small,
yellow Western species, having the facies of XNanthoptera.

1. Azenia implora Grt., Papilio, ii, 186.

Pale lemon-yellow; two ochrey dots in place of t. a. line. A
.median ochrey shade band, irregular and faint; one or two dots in
place of t. p. line; minute points at base of the pale fringes. Hind
wings white. Beneath whitish; costa of fore wings a little clouded.
Head and thorax above like fore wings in color; the clypeal projec-
tion is distinctly tridentate. Abdomen pale, a little exceeding sec-
ondaries.

Arizona. Type in coll. Neumoegen.

2. Azenia edentata Grt., Can. Ent. xv, 25.

Dark yellow; fore wings with no apparent markings, except a
small costal dot; fringes concolorous. Hind wings fuscous. Beneath
yellowish; the fore wings darker shaded, and with a fuscous subter-
minal band. Thorax and head above dark yellow. The clypeal
projection has its outer edge roundedly scalloped instead of forming
three pointed teeth as in z7flova. Size small, like zwplora.

Arizona. Type in coll. Neumoegen.

Gen. ESCARIA Grt. (1882)

The wings are frail and rather wide, form like Lustrotia (Eras-
tria), the body slender, with untufted abdomen. Eyes naked; labial

—-163--

palpi short. Front with a moderately prominent, rather wide, cup-
shaped projection, nearly hidden by the erect vestiture, and with a
central protuberance, not reaching beyond the rim of the cup, set
in erect vestiture, which fills the cup itself. (The clypeal projections
are thus evident!y modifications of the clypeal surface. So far as I
have observed they are not sexual peculiarities in the moths). Ves-
titure mixed, flattened hair and scales. The single species is of the
size of Eustrotia carneola.

1. Escaria clauda Grt., Papilio ii, 186.

Grayish fuscous. In the male the ornamentation is better
written. Orbicular paler, spherical; claviform moderate, its upper
edge accentuated in black. Reniform lunate, moderate; the lines
fine, perpendicular, edged with pale or whitish, especially in the
female, which is darker, and the white s. t. line quite prominent.
Hind wings pale fuscous, trace of median spot and extra mesial line.
A vague terminal band. Beneath grayish fuscous, with common
line and faint discal spots. One specimen, probably a variety,

showed a reddish cast. Expanse 29 mil.

Arizona. Types in coll. Neumoegen.

The structure of the genera /rawva Grt., which is nearest to the
European genus £yvofy/a in character, although in ornamentation the
American genus Sfrakweza Grt. more nearly accords with the Eu-
ropean Lyrotyla trabealis Sc. (= sulphuralis Linn.) Xanthoptera
Guen., Spragueza Grt., and Exyra Grt., has been explained by me
in Can. Ent. xi, 231, and need not be repeated here.

Gen. PROTHYMIA Hiib.

The palpi are curved and pointed, exceeding the front, the ter-
minal joint long and attenuate. The fore wings have the external
margin somewhat rounded; hind wings full. The abdomen is slightly
flattened. These characters are drawn from the European P. virid-
aria, and to this genus the late Mr. Morrison referred two species
from eastern North America, viz.: 1, coccinetfascia Grt.; 2, rosalba
Grt.; while I have described 3, Alana Grt. from Arizona; and 4,
orgyi@ Grt. from Texas. Of these Adana resembles, in ornamenta-
tion, the European A/etoponia kekeritztana Hib. I have not been
able to compare the two insects.

Gen. EUHERRICHIA Grt. (1882)
This genus has the form of FAwstrotia, but the purple colors of
Callopistria (Eriopus), to which Hadenoid genus Guenée referred
our North American species. Dr. Herrich-Schaeffer, in his ‘‘ Cor-

—164—

respondenz Blatt,’’ first showed that Guenée had mistakenly classi-
fied our species, while I have described what I consider a true Ca/-
lopistria, C. strena Grt., from Florida, congeneric with the European
purpureofascia (= pteridis Fab.) and datretllec. The form is slender;
the abdomen not exceeding the secondaries, tufted on the dorsal
line at base, and especially on the thirel segment. Eyes naked;
vestiture mixed, flattened scales and hairy. The wings are rather
broad, entire; apices of primaries somewhat pointed, outer margin
a little sinuate below apices, rounded submedially. Primaries 12-
veined; accessory cell present; 9 out of 8 to apex, about half the
length of 8; cell open; 3 twice further from 4 than 4 from 5 at base.
Hind wings 8-veined; cell open; 3 and 4 arising together from ex-
tremity of submedian vein; 5 a little weaker, removed at base for’
about one-fifth the breadth of cell, indistinctly connected. The type
is monetifera Guen., a well known species from eastern North
America, with bright brown primaries, prettily flashed with silver.
Other species are purply brown, sometimes with silvery lines.

Gen. EUSTROTIA Hiib.

Not only has this term priority over Zvastréa Treits., but Evas-
trta is also previously used by Hiibner for a genus of Geometridae.
The abdomen shows usually some dorsal tuftings. The fore wings
are somewhat triangular, hind wings full. The accessory cell is
present, and the genus shows neurational affinities with Awherrichia.
In the Revised Check List I have referred sixteen North American
species to this genus, some of which may be here briefly mentioned,
Of the pale, bone-colored species, the types of malaca and mito-
grapha are in coll. Am. Ent. Soc. Since I have not seen them
again, nor have I examined other specimens, they should be re-ex-
amined. The ornamentation of mzfographa is peculiar. Most
numerous are the black and carneous-brown, typical species belong-
ing to the apicosa (= nigritula) group. I have had my doubts
whether syzochit7s is or is not the species figured and described by
Guenée as ofivila. Certainly the figure in the ‘‘ Species Géneral”’
indifferently corresponds, and the description does not agree suffi-
ciently. I have not been able to see Guenée’s type.

Gen. THALPOCHARES Led.

This genus, so largely represented in Europe, has but few de-
scribed North American species. It differs from Azstrotia by the
neuration, there being no accessory cell on the primaries. A typical
species appears to me to be Zhalpochares etheria Grt., (N. Am.

—165—

Ent. i, 47) from Florida. The other species enumerated by me in
the Revised Check List have been incompletely studied as to the
neuration. The species are most numerous in the south of Europe,
where they are found on chalky or sandy districts, and it is related
as characteristic of their habits, that, when alighting, after being
disturbed in the daytime, they move their wings up and down sev-
eral times before assuming a position of repose.

The European genera Phothedes Led., A/esotrosta Led., Heme-
rosia Boisd., AZegalodes Guen., with single species, have not been
as yet recognized in North America. The tribe is represented in
the European fauna by nine genera and forty-six species. In the
Revised Check List I have given the names of sixteen genera and
seventy-three North American species of Eustrotiin?.

er
l~ Mode of Oviposition of certain species of Odonata.
BY WM. BEUTENMULLER.

The female of Lzbe//u/a, when laying eggs, hovers over the sur-
face of the water and in coming in close proximity to the same, bal-
ances herself by the very rapid motion of her wings, curves her
body downward and dips the tip of her abdomen into the water at
short intervals, at the same time deposits from 25 to 40 eggs,
which are surrounded by an invisible glutinous substance secreted
at oviposition by means of which they adhere to aquatic plants,
sticks, stones, or any other object they may come in contact with at
the bottom of the water. In order to ascertain the number of eggs
laid at.each time the female Lzde//u/a dips her abdomen into the
water, I captured at different times several specimens of Lzdbel/ula
auripennis and L. pulchella in act of ovipositing and held together
their fore wing, allowing the hind wing to remain free and in action
while I dipped the tip of their abdomen into a small vial filled with
water and invariably at each dip about the same number of eggs as
alluded to above were deposited. This experiment was repeated
until the supply of eggs of my specimen for the time being was
exhausted and the results were always the same.

The eggs leave the orifice of the oviduct in rapid succession,
and are withheld in a bunch in the shallow depression at the tip of
the abdomen until the same comes in contact with the water, then
the eggs become separated while sinking, but become concentrated
again at the bottom of the water by means of the glutinous substance
which surrounds them.

As regards my observation on the mode of oviposition of Lz-

—166—

bellula they agree with those made by Siebold (Germ. Zeit. Ent. 1,
p. 421). The male of Lzde//ula, it is stated by Siebold, retains its
hold to the female and directs her movements while ovipositing.
Miiller (Ent. Mon. Mag. viii, p. 127) notices the method of ovipo-
sition of Z. faveola and confirms the assertions made by Siebold.

Although I have seen scores of L. pulchella, L. auripennis,
L. semifascia, and many other species in the act of oviposition, the
females were always destitute of the males, and only in one instance
I saw.a male retain its hold on the female while laying her eggs.
The egg of Libellula auripennis is irregularly oval with very fine
granulations, sordid white and semi-translucent, becoming amber-
yellow before the young larva emerges. Length, 43 mm.; width,
Y%mm. A number of eggs which were laid on July 23d, at 6.30
p.M., disclosed the young larve on August rst. The egg of Zz-
bellula pulchella is very similar to that of L. auripennis, in fact
cannot be distinguished from it, except that it is a little more irreg-
ular in shape. Length, % mm., width, 4% mm. Laid July 23d at
6p.M. Young larva emerged July 3oth.

The mode of oviposition of Platythemis (P. trimaculata) and
Diplax (D. berenice and D. rubicundula) is identical with that of
Libellula. The egg of the former is elliptical, or sub-elliptical,
granulated, semi-translucent, pale yellowish white granulated, and
before hatching becomes amber-yellow. Length, 4% mm.; width,
Y%mm. Laid July 13th at5 P.M. Young larva emerged July 23
The eggs of the two latter species are oval, yellowish white, semi-
translucent, and slightly granulated. Length, % mm.; width, *
mm. Laid August 12th. Young larva emerged August 22d. The
habits of Calopteryx, Agrion and Lestes, differ entirely from that
of Libellula. They deposit their eggs in a groove made by the
ovipositors along the stems of water plants. Both Agrzon and
Lestes sometimes go beneath the water to lay their eggs.

Siebold (Wiegm. Archiv. pt. 1, p. 205, 1841) observed a female
“Eschna clinging to a plant dipping her body beneath the water and
rubbing it up and down along the stem. Mr. W. T. Davis once saw
a female /¢schna verticalis go below the surface of a slow flowing
spring, but has not seen the species deposit an egg, as is stated in
one of the volumes of the ‘‘ Zodlogical Record.’’ I have seen at
Sandy Hook, N. J., a species of Zschna laying eggs in the same
manner as L2e//uda with the male directing her movements. ‘.

The best time I found to make observations and to capture the
different species of Odonata is between sunset and dusk, or on a
day partly clouded.

—167—

NOTES ON THE HABITS OF SOME SPECIES
OF RHYNCHOPHORA.

BY FRANK H. CHITTENDEN.

In preparing the following notes my aim has been to record
facts that are new, or comparatively so, regarding the food habits
of certain of our Rhynchophorous Coleoptera. I find several other
writers have recorded observations similar to my own, but so little
has been written concerning the habits of this group that I have
concluded to publish the results of my own personal observations,
trusting that they will lose little of value by repetition, but may, on
the contrary, serve in a measure to corroborate observations previ-
ously published. At the same time I have deemed it advisable in some
instances to mention briefly in connection with my own notes certain
facts that have been published elsewhere.

Very little is known concerning the early stages of the Rhyn-
chophora, but the frequent occurrence of the imagines on plants of a
particular genus or order, though not conclusive evidence that such
constitute the food of the larve, is at least highly suggestive and
worth recording.

In very many instances that have come to my notice the finding
of a few specimens of a species of weevil under certain conditions
on a plant, point to it as a probable food-plant; the discovery even
of a single individual—e. g. a female in the act of depositing her
eggs, or of a pair of beetles copulating on a plant is well worth
noting down, as the repetition of such occurrence may be taken as
more than mere presumptive evidence that the same plant serves as
food for the larvee. The finding of the first specimen is followed by
another and another until at last that, which was at first a suspicion,
becomes an established fact.

As few weevils are short lived, and not so restricted as some
beetles appear to be in the time of their appearance and disappear-
ance, I have, in the majority of cases, simply recorded the dates in
months. The greater part of these observations were made at
Ithaca, N. Y., and the remainder in the neighborhood of New York
City.

Eugnamptus angustatus Hbst. and £. collaris Fab., I have
several times taken together while beating butternut trees, also on
chestnut, and on hickory zz copula July roth to August 7th. These
two forms are usually found together, and are quite generally
believed to be identical.

Phyxelis rigidus Say hibernates under piles of weeds and rub-

—168—

bish in fields and gardens, where it may be found early in Spring and
late in the Autumn. I have always supposed that this species bred
in some common weed.

Pandeletejus hilaris Hbst. is common on beech trees in June, a
few pairs observed zz copula at this time. According to Harris
the larve live in the trunks of the white oak.

Scythropus elegans Coup. appears sometimes in great abundance
in the latter part of April continuing in constantly decreasing num-
bers into the middle of July, upon the foliage of pine trees, occurring
most commonly at Ithaca, N. Y., on the white pine (Pzxzus strobus).
Individuals from a single locality exhibit a great variety of colora-.
tion. In the great majority the normal ground color is a rather
bright fawn, tinged with a more or less coppery lustre, some are
decidedly cupreous, even brilliant, inclining to a pinkish hue, and
others are of an equally brilliant metallic green. In specimens taken
late in the season the scales which produce this variety of coloring
have been worn off, or have faded, leaving the body a nearly uniform
dull cinereous. In such individuals the humeri have become de-
nuded, and the ground color is then much the same as the sutures,
which are normally nearly white. One specimen taken early in the
season retains its deciduous mandibular appendages.

Ithycerus noveboracensis Sch. is known to breed in the twigs of
bur-oak, and the beetle is injurious to the buds of a variety of fruit
and forest trees. All the specimens that I have ever taken were on
beeches, and I suspect that this is a favorite food-plant for both
larvee and beetles. Mr. W. H. Harrington states (Ann. Rep. Ent.
Soc! Ont. for 1880, p. 52) that he has frequently found the beetle
on beeches in June, the sexes copulating at this time. It also occurs
in May and July.

Apion nigrum Hbst. occurs quite commonly on the leaves of
the locust (Robinia pseudacacia). The leaves are often seen riddled
with minute holes, and as the Apizons and Agrilus egenus are the
only insects observed by me in any numbers on this tree, and the
former occur in the greatest abundance the blame naturally attaches
to them. July.’

A. rostrum Say occurs literally in thousands on Laptista tinc-
toria, the wild indigo plant, and according to LeConte (Rhynch.
of America North of Mexico, p. 411) on B. leucantha also. It may
be found in this neighborhood in May and June.

Apion fraternum Smith, I have observed sometimes in great
numbers on the leaves of two-species or varieties of Lespedeza.
July and August.

Listronotus. During the past year Mr. C. M. Weed has pub-
lished an account of the life-history of Z. datiusculus Boh., which he
found in all stages of growth in the stalks and seed-heads of Sag7t-
taria variabilis. Some six years ago, while sweeping a small patch
of aquatic plants composed almost entirely of this species and a few
specimens of a species of Carex, I took fudberosus Lec. (July and
August), caudatus Say (July), and appendiculatus one pair in copula
(June, July and August). The last named species I have recently
observed on the flower-heads of Sagzttaria. The habits of all these
species are doubtless very similar. Mr. William Juelich has found
appendiculatus breeding in the lower parts of the stems of some
species of reed.

Eudocimus mannerheimti Boh., a rare species, has not been
taken in this vicinity to my knowledge for many years. It once
occurred, so Mr. Juelich tells me, rather abundantly in the neigh-
borhood of Hoboken, N. J., under the bark of the swamp cedars.

Lixus concavus Say, I have usually taken on a common broad
leaved variety of dock (Rumex), and less often on rhubarb. ‘As
others have made the same observations, I think it more than likely
that the species breeds in the stems.of both as well as in Hledzanthus
and Chenopodium as stated elsewhere (F. M. Webster, Ent. Am.
vol. v, p. 11). The rosin-weed (.S7/bhzum) is also mentioned as a
possible food-plant.

Barytychius discotdeus Lec. Several specimens taken years ago
on a small, low and rather common weed, species not determined.
May 28th to July rith.

Otidocephalus chevrolatii Horn. A single specimen was found
in a jar in which had been placed a piece of basswood that had been
' attacked by some species of borers. It is a matter of doubt whether
the insect actually bred from the wood or had simply crawled into
some hole or crevice to hibernate. I have taken the adult insects
while beating hickories and chestnuts during the past July. An
allied species, O. de@vicollis Horn, -has been hatched by Dr. C. V.
Riley from the galls of a Cynipid on oak.

Magdalis olyra Hbst. breeds often in abundance under the bark of
hickory trees, the larve subsisting on the inner bark. I have seen
a branch about four inches in diameter infested in fully eight feet of
its length by this species. Some four feet or more of the bark had
been loosened, exposing the wood. There was scarcely a space
larger than the tip of one’s finger on this branch that was not com-
pletely riddled with the little round holes bored by the weevils in
their egress through the bark, and I counted in one case a dozen

such holes to a square inch of surface. The larval mines, as obser-
vable on the inner side of the bark, are longitudinal, sinuous and
only moderately irregular. In specimens that have been preserved
there were so many larve at work that their tunnels sometimes
crossed and recrossed, and were at times interrupted by burrows
made by Chrysobothris femorata, so that individual mines could with
extreme difficulty be traced throughout their entire length. The bark
was almost entirely free from the wood, a layer of sawdust-like cast-
ings, nearly as hard as chalk, and an eighth of an inch thick,
intervening.

There was evidence that a large proportion of the larva had
been destroyed by a Hymenopterous parasite, and that many had
fallen prey to woodpeckers. The beetles occurred last year at Staten
Island, on hickories, in May.

Magdalis hispotdes Lec. Bred from larve found February 22d,
in a twig of pitch pine (Pinus rig?da), under the bark. They so
closely resemble the larvee of Magdalis armicollis, figured in Le
Baron’s Fourth Ills. Rep’t., that I had no difficulty in identifying
them as of this genus. The pupa was first observed March 7th. On
the 28th the pupa was found with the mandibles and eyes black,
rostrum reddish and caudal half of elytra dark. April 1st it had
transformed. The head, eyes and dorsal surface were red, elytra
uncolored and ventral surface pale. On the following day the
imago appeared perfectly colored. My observations indicate the
duration of the pupal stage as about four weeks. The perfect
insect occurs on the branches or foliage of pines in June and July,
one specimen being taken as early as the 21st of May.

Orchestes pallicornis Say and O. niger Horn were taken to-
gether in July on the leaves of low willows.

Gymnetron teter Fab., the common mullein weevil, I have taken
from the seeds in which it breeds in September; sometimes nearly
every seed conceals its little occupant. The beetle occurs on the
plant in June and July.

Conotrachelus juglandis Lec. breeds in the green fruit of the
butternut, in the same wav that its congener, C. nenuphar breeds
in plums and cherries. It is said to occur also on the walnut.
May to October. Other species of the genus are known to live at
the expense of deciduous trees. C. seniculus Lec., elegans Say and
posticatus Boh., I have beaten from forest trees, but as I have taken
none of them in abundance my notes are not of a character to war-
rant any conjectures regarding their food-habits.

Rhyssematus lineaticollis Say is on record as breeding in the

seed-pods of Asclepias tuberosa and incarnata. I have twice had
occasion to observe the adult insect with rostrum deeply imbedded
in the stalk of the milkweed, and have kept specimens in confine-
ment feeding upon the juice of the same. May, June and July.

Cryptorhynchus bisignatus Say. Several specimens taken in
the latter part of May at Clifton, N. J., on a chestnut log infested
with Leptostylus macula, and during the last part of June fifteen or
sixteen examples were found on another log of chestnut, some of
them copulating; also taken on the trunk of a living beech tree in-
fested with Scolytids. It is probable that this species has similar
habits to C. parochus, living under the bark of chestnut and possibly
beech.

C. parochus Hbst. is known to breed under butternut bark,
which appears to be its favorite food tree. Though I have taken
this insect often during several years it was always on butternut.
April and May. .

Acoptus suturalis Lec. lives in the dead wood of beech trees.
I have found the imagines in the wood March 27th to April 2oth in
company with larve apparently of the same species. One of these
larvee taken May 26th appeared about to pupate. The beetles were
crawling on the trunk of the tree early in July.

Mononychus vulpeculus Germ. breeds in the seed-pods of the
blue flag (/ris versicolor), the beetle issuing in the fall. The perfect
insect occurs in the flowers of the blue flag and the common crane’s
bill (Geranium maculatum) in May and June. It has been stated
(v. Say, LeConte, ed. p. 286) to occur on the flowers of Ceanothus
americanus and Verbascum thapsus.

Celiodes flavicaudis Boh. occurs in,the greatest abundance on
the common nettle ( Urtica dioica) in May, June and July.

C. acephalus Say is also abundant along the coast of New Jersey
on the evening primrose ( Oenothera biennis). June, July and August.

Ceutorhynchus septentrional’s Gyll. is another common species
sometimes found in swarms on the wild mustard (Szsymebrdum offici-
nale).

Rhinoncus pyrrhopus Lec. <A pair of these little beetles were
taken zz ‘cozvfuw on a common species of dock (Rumex), and being
confined in a small vial with a part of a dock leaf consumed it almost
entirely within a week. The species has also been observed by Mr.
M. L. Linell on a species of Rumex. June. .

Centrinus lineicollis Lec. A number of specimens were taken
at one time on the New Jersey tea plant (Ceanothus americanus)
July oth.

Balaninus. The recent publication of Dr. John Hamilton on
the food habits of the genus leave little for me to add, but a few
lines on my experience may be of interest.

B. uniforms Lec. and B. guercus Horn were taken in company
in nearly equal numbers, and almost invariably zz cozfw upon acorns
during September. From finding them on only two trees in sepa-
rate groves of oaks I was led to believe that they favored particular
varieties or species, if not individual trees. On almost every acorn
on these two trees a pair, and sometimes two pairs were found,
while the surrounding oaks yielded not a single specimen.

B. rectus Say | have bred from chestnuts. A few infested nuts
were placed in a small, wide-mouthed bottle nearly filled with coarse
sandy soil. A few days afterward three larve deserted their old
homes and at once penetrated to the bottom of the breeding-bottle,
where they formed little round cells in the earth. Here through
the glass their bodies were plainly visible, where they remained
without change till the following fall. They thus passed nearly a
year as inactive larva. The pupa were not seen at all, and this stage
must necessarily be of brief duration. The beetles, in good healthy
condition, were taken from their earthen cells September 28th and
kept without food till October 20th. As many as six half-grown
larvee were taken from a single chestnut, though one specimen is
the usual number. The larve of all three species may be found in
the nuts as late as November, at which time they enter the ground
to undergo their transformations.

Dryophthorus corticalis develops under the bark of Pinus rig?da
March and April.

Flimatium conicum Lec. One specimen was taken by me at
South Woodstock, Conn., October 22d, under bark of P7zzs strobus
infested by Tomicus pint. Mr. E. A. Schwarz (Pr. Ent. Soc. Wash.
vol. i, p. 233) has found this species breeding under tulip bark
(Liriodendron), and our other species, evvans, which he remarks, 1s
with difficulty to be distinguished from it, occurs under pine bark.
Is it possible that the two species are distinct ?

Rhyncholus brunneus Mann. is possessed of similar habits to
Phleophagus and Stenoscelis, of which mention has been made in a
previous number (p. 99). I have found it only once, but at that
time some twenty-five or thirty specimens were taken from a small
piece of cherry wood (Prunus serotina). April.

The species of Cossonus are subcortical. C. conctnnaus Boh.
and corticola Say infest pines, often occurring in abundance. July.

NEW SPECIES OF ARCTIANS.

BY B. NEUMOEGEN.

Arctia favorita n. sp.—Antennz rather short, brownish black. Head,
collar, prothorax, thorax and patagiz of coral-red, with the three usual black
longitudinal stripes on patagize and thorax, the two black spots on prothorax
and the black dot on head between base of antennze. Body coral-red, with
a black dorsal line and a Jateral row of small black dots. Legs yellowish red,
with black maculations at joints. Beneath, thorax and abdomen with lighter
coral, the latter having black segmentary stripes. Legs blackish. Primaries
black, with the following maculations in straw-yellow; a broad horizontal line
running parallel with inner margin from base to outer margin and forking at
anal angle. Between this line and inner margin, appending to the former,
three irregular spots. Two transverse lines starting from costa, joining and
resting on horizontal line, thus enclosing discal spot. Between anterior trans-
verse line and outer margin the usual zigzag line from costa to horizontal
line. A few irregular dots on costa between base and interior transverse
line; inner margin fringed coral; outer margin has fringes of straw-yellow.
All these maculations of straw-yellow show invariably a centre line of beau-
tiful bright coral color. Secondaries bright coral with paler fringes; a_black _
discal spot; three large black submarginal spots from apex to anal angle, the
centre spot being largest. Broad black band along costa and outer margin,
being toothed between submarginal spots. Beneath, primaries and seconda-
ries as above. Expanse of wings 35—40 mm. Length of body 13—14 mm.

flab.—Idaho Springs, Colorado. Types, two males; coll.
B. Neumoegen; caught by Mr. D. Bruce.

This insect belongs to the autholea group, and, aside from its
own peculiarities, is easily distinguishable by its bright coral centre
lines.

Euchetes conspicua n. sp.—Head and collar brick-red. Prothorax, thorax
and patagiz light gray; marginal lines of thorax and patagiz brick-red. Ab-
domen deep orange, with faint traces of black dorsal dots and black lateral
dots. Beneath, abdomen as well as the legs of light gray. Primaries and
secondaries light gray; fringes concolorous. On primaries along costa and
inner margin a conspicuous line of bright brick-red, terminating within apex
and anal angle respectively; a faint hue of brick-red along anal margin of
secondaries. Beneath as above, with a slight fringe of brick-red at base.
Expanse of wings 30mm. Length of body 9 mm.

Ffab.—Golden, Colorado. Types, two males; coll. B. Neumoe-
gen; caught by Mr. D. Bruce.

This insect comes near /. cadaverosa Grote. It is easily recog-
nized by its conspicuous costal lines. . &. cadaverosa is found in
Cuba and Texas, whilst this is the Colorado representative.

Arachnis zuni n. sp.—Head white; collar light yellow. Prothorax and
patagiz of slate color with black marginal lines. At inner centre of patagiz

this lines recedes, forming a lunular spot of pure white. Antennz simple,
black below, and alternately black and white above, with white base and
black tips. Thorax white, with a broad central band of slate color, fringed
with outer black lines, constricted in the middle and forking out at lower
part, forming thus an irregular lunular spot of pure white. In the middle of
this central band a white irregular dot. Thorax beneath white, with marginal
stripes of slate. Legs slate, with irregular white spots, encircled by black
rings, at intersection of joints. First joint of coxze above the largest part of
bright yellow, limited by two black cross lines; beneath white. Tibize and
tarsi white beneath first joints. Abdomen bright yellow, with dorsal and
lateral black bands, white beneath. Primaries of slate color, more intense
towards base, with the following maculations of pure white. Four of them
starting at base of costa and resting on discal vein, consequently becoming
larger in size towards apex; all of irregular shape from nearly semicircular
degenerating into irregular square. The three blotches nearest base con-
nected by small constrictions. The fourth blotch irregularly square and
separate. Between fourth blotch and apex, without touching latter, a large,
irregular, crescent band, resting on costa and forming a costal, semilunular
spot of slate, having at its inner extremity a large hook, pointed outwardly
and resting on first median vein. At outer margin and intersection of veins
minute triangular spots. Along outer margin, curving inwardly at centre and
swinging from anal angle upward beyond first median nerve, where it tapers
off, an irregular dentated band, bulging out above anal angle and touching
outer margin. Along inner margin five irregular blotches, the third running
across entire interspace and tapering off, touching discal vein. This third
blotch is the largest of the five, the two remaining between this and anal
angle being only very small, triangular marks. Some small, irregular dots
in interspace of median and submedian veins and above basal half of inner
margin. All maculations are encircled by black lines. Secondaries white,
about one-fourth smaller than primaries, having a tendency to be caudate,
and about half as long as abdomen. Along costa and anal margin bright
yellow, the hairy tuft of latter quite pronounced in color. A terminal series
of slate spots, a discal spot of lunular shape, and a few dots between latter
and interspaces of base and outer margin. A large oval spot on costa near
apex slate color, encircled by a black ring. Below, primaries and secondaries
as above, only that the four costal blotches of primaries are of a slate instead
of white, and that on costa of secondaries, instead of one, there are three
blotches of slate color, the interspace formed by the two nearest base being
bright yellow. The interspace on primaries between costal blotches being
equally of bright yellow. Expanse of wings 47 mm. Length of body 18 mm.

Hab.—Las Vegas, N. Mexico. Type, one male; coll. B. Neu-
moegen; reared from the chrysalis brought home by Mr. H. Meeske,
Autumn, 1889.

How many broods of the ‘‘ Elm leaf beetle’? are there in the
latitude of New York? New Brunswick has positively but one.
Some collectors still claim two! Please send in your observations.

—175— ‘
FOOD HABITS OF SOME CHRYSOMELID&.

BY WM. BEUTENMULLER.

Donacia.—The various species of this genus occur upon the
leaves of aquatic plants, especially water-lilies (Wymphea and Nu-
phar). I have taken D. palmata, D. piscatrix, D. subtilis, D.
Jemorata, D. equalis and D. flavipes upon these plants. No larva
of any American species has yet been described; they undoubtedly
have the same habits as the European species which bore in the
stems of water-lilies.

Lema brunnicollis and L. collaris.—Both these species live on
the thistle; the former I have taken at Enterprise, Fla., and the
latter species was bred by. Coquillett (Can. Ent. xv, p. 22).

Lema solant and L. conjuncta | have found upon the leaves of
Solanum carolinense at Enterprise, Fla., in May.

Lema trilineata lives upon Datura stramonium, potato. and
Physatis. .

Crioceris asparagi and C. 73-punctata both feed upon the leaves
of asparagus.

Coscinoptera dominicana lives in a case on sumac (Harris’ Corr.
p. 76). The insect has also been beaten from oak, apple, plum
and sassafras (Riley, 6th Mo. Rep. p. 127).

Chlamys plicata.—I have bred this case bearer from the leaves
of blackberry and hazel; also found on sycamore and oak.

Exema gibber and £. conspersa.—I raised these two species
from a narrow leaved species ‘of aster.

Cryptocephalus 4-maculatus is found on oak. C. dznomis I have
taken on blackberry in Florida. C. venastus also inhabits the
blackberry. C. aulicus occurs upon a small leaved huckleberry in
Florida, as also does Griburius larvatus.

Pachybrachys tridens feeds on poison ivy (Rhus toxicodendron).
P. luridus may be found on wild indigo (Baptista tinctoria). P.
Zivens inhabits the willow. PP. femoratus has been taken on pine
by Mr. Harrington (Can. Ent. xvi, p. 97).

Bassareus formosus lives on various species of alder. 2.
mammifer may be found on blackberry.

Glyptocelis pubescens.—I have taken this species at Fordham,
N. Y., on hemlock; also found on pine (Fitch).

Chrysochus auratus occurs in considerable numbers upon the
leaves of dog-bane (Apocynum). The larva of this common species
has not yet been recorded. I have searched for it in vain upon the
leaves of the plant the imago infests. Can the larva, perhaps, in
some way live upon the roots ?

—— {70

Tymnes tricolor may be found on blackberry, hornbeam and
various Other plants.

Adoxus vitis feeds upon Virginian creeper (Ampelopsis) and
grape.

Metachroma paltida has been bred from the leaves of poplar by
Coquillett (Can. Ent. xv, p. 21).

Paria aterrima, Graphops pubescens and Colaspis brunnea.—
These three species infest the roots of the strawberry.

Doryphora clivicollis feeds upon the underside of the leaves of
various species of milkweed (Asclepias).

Doryphora rr-lineata.—The early stages of this species have
been described and figured by Duges (Ann. Ent. Soc. Belg. xxviii,
p. 1, pl 1). It feeds on Solanum tardum in Mexico.

Doryphora ro-lineata.—Besides the well known food-plant (the
potato) of this species it has also been found living upon the follow-
ing plants: egg-plant, Datura stramontum, henbane (/fyoscyamius),
ground-cherry (Physalis), apple of Peru (Vicandra), tobacco, bella-
donna, petunia and cabbage (Glover and Riley).

Doryphora juncta lives on Solanum carolinense.

Chrysomela multiguttata feeds on hazel (Coquillett, Can... Ent:
RVviw2): (Cx scularas ives on willow, linden, elm and basswood.
C. philadelphica and C. bigsbyana infest various species of willow.

Chrysomela similis was bred from ragweed (Ambrosia artemisia-
folia) and Bidens frondosa by Coquillett (Can. Ent. xv, 22).

Chrysomela precelsis lives on fpomea and Calystegia (Hamilton,
Cam nticxx, p. 66).

Chryomela lunata | have taken this beetle on the leaves of va-
rious species of wild roses, upon which the larva also undoubtedly
lives.

Prasocuris phellandrti.—The food-plant of this beetle has not
yet been recorded in this country. In Europe it lives on Cicuta
virosa.

Prasocuris varipes lives on a species of buttercup (Ranunculus)
in April.

Gastroidea polygont feed upon different species of knotweed
(Polygonum). G. cyanea I bred from Rumex. G. formosa lives
on a species of rhubarb in Arizona.

Lina tremule, L. lapponica, L. scripta and Phyllodecta vulga-
tissima.—All these species infest various species of willow and
_ poplar.

Monocesta coryli is injurious to various species of elm (Riley,
Rep. U. S. Dept. Agr. p. 246, 1878); also feeds on hazel.

Agelastica halensis lives in Galium verum in Europe. . No
record of its food-plants in this country has as yet been made.

Diabrotica vittata bores in the stems and roots of pumpkin and
squash vines. J. dongicornis feeds on the roots of corn (Forbes,
2d Rep. Nox. Ins. Ill. p. 55).

Trirhabda brevicollis.—I1 have taken this insect in abundance
on prickly ash at Kissimmee, Fla. April.

Trirhabda tomentosa lives on various species of golden rod and
asters (Beutenmuller, Can. Ent. xxii, p. 36).

Galeruca xanthomelena.—This insect infests the elm, blighting
the leaves and rendering almost worthless the trees they attacked.
The pest within the last three or four years has made its appearance
in considerable numbers in New York City, and is doing great mis-
chief to the trees of our avenues and parks.

Galeruca marginella lives on Myrica gale (Packard Guide, p.
505).

Galeruca sagittavie may be found in June and July in its va-
rious stages on the leaves of water-lilies (Vuphar) and Sagittaria.

Galeruca maritima.—I have taken this insect in abundance ona
species of grass found behind the sand-dunes along the sea-shore of
Long Island.

Blepharida rhots feeds on sumac (Riley, 6th Mo. Rep. p. 118-
22).

Disonycha limbicollis, D. pallipes, D. punctigera, D. pennsyl-
vanica and D. rufa ?—I found all these on various species of Poly-
gonum. The larve undoubtedly also live in some way upon this
plant. D. collaris was bred by Miss Murtfeldt, from the leaves of
Spinach and Chenopodium album (Bull. No. 22, U. S. Div. Ent. p.
76).

FTaltica chalybea lives on elm and grape. HY. bimarginata in-
fests the alder (Lintner, 4th Rep. Nox. Ins. p. 98). A /foliacea
feeds on apple and hawthorn (Murtfeldt, Insect Life, i, p. 74-76).
HT. marevagans | have bred from evening primrose.

Crepidodera cucumerts is found in numbers on the leaves of cu-
cumber, potato and Datura stramonium. C. helxines live on willow
and poplar.

C. rufipes was taken by Lintner on apple. I found it on locust
last May at Washington, D. C.

Phyllotreta vittata may be found on cabbage and other crucifer-
ous plants. P. 22mmermanii mines the leaves of peppergrass (Riley,
Rep. U. S. Dept. Agric. p. 304, 1884). P. chalybeipennis mines
the leaves of Cakile americana.

of

7a

_Dibolia area infests the turnip by burrowing in the leaf stems
(Comstock, Rep. U. S. Dept. Agric. p. 248. 1879). I also found
the insect on the leaves of Plantago

Microrhopala vittata mines the leaves of golden rod (Harris,
Journ. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. i, p. 147).

Odontota rubra mines the leaves of apple and linden; the
perfect insect may also be found on white birch, hornbeam, cherry,
juneberry (Amelanchier) and Pyrus arbutifolia. O. nervosa bred
from asters and ELupatortum, O. dorsalis mines the leaves of locust
and acacia.

Physonota unipunctata feeds on sunflower (JZonarda fistula).

Cassida bivittata, C. nigripes.—Both these species feed on the
sweet potato.

Coptocycla guttata, C. aurichalcea live upon morning-glory
and sweet potato. C. clavata I bred from a species of nightshade
(Solanum).

Chelymorpha argus is also found on morning-glory and other
allied plants.

Porphyraspis cyanea 1 found in considerable numbers on the
underside of the leaves of the palmetto at Enterprise, Fla.

In a series of articles in ‘‘Societas Entomologica,’’ Dr. A.
Troska gives the results of some very interesting experiments in
feeding Lepidopterous pupa, principally with sugar water. He
paints the wing cases and some other parts of the body, carefully
avoiding the stigmata, and attains unusually large and fine speci-
mens. Painting with oxide of silver just before development, re-
duces size and intensifies, while it narrows and defines the maculation.
The conclusion is that pupz take considerable nourishment by en-
dosmosis, and that varieties can be produced by experiment.

It was also found that where the specimens experimented upon
were parasitized, the parasites resulting were remarkably fine and
large, with brilliant colors, and that they evidently benefitted by the
feeding of the host.

‘A NEW BOMBYCIA. ;

BY JOHN B. SMITH.

Bombycia candida sp. nov.—Ground color fuscous brown; neck yellow;
a black line across middle of thorax. Primaries: basal space largely white,
except close to thorax, and at inner margin; median space white powdered
in the costal region, and a broad white costal shade beyond t. p. line, nar-
rowing to apex. T. a. line outcurved on costa, then nearly straight to hind
margin. T. p. line from middle of costal margin incurved, slightly angulated
outwardly on median vein, thence outwardly oblique and sinuate to hind
margin about one-quarter from anal angle. S. t. line traceable as a vague
whitish shade, preceded by an equally vague blackish shade, except just
above the anal angle, where both white and blackish shades are obvious.
Beyond the t. p. line there is a rusty shade through the centre of the wing
to the outer margin. Narrow, irregular, transverse strigze are obvious through
the dark parts of the wing; a continuous black terminal line; two longitudinal
black dashes before apex. Secondaries fuscous to the narrow, irregular me-
dian line, beyond which it is more yellowish and marked with blackish, ir-
regular transverse strige. Beneath yellowish fuscous, with distinct black
discal spots on all wings, mottled with blackish transverse strigae; primaries
darker outwardly. Expands 1.55 inch.; 39 mm.

fTab,—F lorida.

A single male specimen from Mrs. Slosson’s collection. It is
an easily recognizable species, very different from anything else
known to me, though apparently similar to B. magnifica Strk. in
type. It is not congeneric with semzcircularis or tmprovisa, but I
leave it with these for the present, as I do not know whether it does
not agree with some of the European genera into which Cysmafo-
phora (Bombycia Grt.), has been divided. The body is slight, ab-
domen slender, considerably exceeding hind angles of secondaries.
Head rather prominent, front bulging, protuberant, but not tuber-
culate; palpi short, weak, not reaching middle of front; antenne of
male lengthily bipectinated. Legs stout, tibia not spinose. Prima-
ries large, frail in appearance, apices drawn out, outer margin ob-
lique, rounded, without a distinct hind or anal angle.

Mr. Strecker says of his species that the secondaries are re-
markably produced at outer angle, which is not the case here.

Oc

Will those who took part in the field meeting at Jamesburg
please make a list of their captures on that occasion, and send to
the editor. So many good species have been mentioned that it
would be instructive to see how many species were taken by collec
tors who did not gather indiscriminately all that came to their
view.

—1380—
EE EEE ADT IE | PTL EE OT NE Ss SEIS,
OBITUARY

On Wednesday, Aug. 13, 1890, one of Albany’s best known
collectors of LEPIDOPTERA, Mr. Otto von Meske, died. Mr. Meske
was born Feb. 5, 1837, near Koenigsberg, Germany. Educated for
a military career, in which his ancestors as well as his brothers have
gained distinction, his artistic instincts were so strong that they in-
duced him to throw up this life as soon as he could manage to do
so and migrate to Paris, where, for two years, he studied with some
of the leading portrait artists. At the age of twenty-one or twenty-
two he came to New York, then to Albany, where he married and
settled. His entomological interest began soon after his marriage,
and increased to enthusiasm, when, with Dr. Bailey, Mr. Hill and
Dr. Lintner, he made Albany and Center Station famous for the
remarkable captures in Noctuide. Of this quartette Dr. Lintner
alone remains. To Mr. Meske, Dr. Speyer owed most of the Amer-
ican material upon which his papers on our fauna are based. Some
ten years since, the nervous disease, which finally resulted in death,
made its first appearance, and necessitated a stop of active collecting.
About five years ago his collection was sold to the U. S. National
Museum, where it still remains and forms not the least valuable part
of that grand collection of LEPIDOPTERA. Soon after, the disease
made such progress as to gradually paralyze the lower extremities,
and despite the best medical advice and treatment, Mr. Meske be-
came utterly helpless so far as moving about was concerned, though
retaining the use of arms and brain unimpaired to the last. About
January, 1890, the end began approaching, and constant and con-
tinuous suffering slowly sapped a wonderful vitality, resulting in
death at the date above given. Mr. Meske never published, but the
frequent references in the writings of Grote, Speyer, Lintner, Har-
vey and Morrison, show that he did not conceal the facts observed
by him. Mr. Meske leaves a wife and seven children surviving him.
None of the children inherit their father’s love for Entomology,
though the interest of the family in Entomologists is kept up by
the eldest daughter, who became Mrs. Editor not so many years

ago.

TON UG lg.
AMERICANA

VOL. VI. BROOKLYN, OCTOBER, 1890. No. 10.

PREPARATORY STAGES OF DATANA PALMII Beut.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR.

EGc.—Subspherical, flattened and slightly hollowed at the
base. The top is centrally strongly depressed, this depression sur-
rounded by a circular elevated ridge of considerable thickness. In
the centre of the vertex is a circular punctiform depression, resem-
bling a little hole. Color uniform sublustrous white. Diameter
1.1 mm.; height 8 mm.

Laid in masses of 75 or less on the underside of a leaf of the
food-plant, usually near the top of the bush. . The larva hatches by
eating away the top of the egg, but leaves the sides untouched.

First STAGE.—Head black and shining; width .5 mm. Body
brown, with four lateral and three ventral dull yellowish stripes wider
than the intervening spaces. Cervical shield, anal plate and feet,
black. The hairs arise from minute blackish warts.

During this stage the larvae eat only the parenchyma of the

‘leaf and sit with the extremities of their bodies elevated like the
other species of the genus.

SECOND STAGE.—Head higher than wide, flat in front, black
(in a few examples brownish), smooth and shining. Width .g mm.
Furnished with a few pale hairs. Body reddish brown, the stripes
yellowish. Cervical shield, anal plate and feet shining black.
During this and subsequent stages the larvae eat the whole leaf,
remaining together upon one twig until it is defoliated.

THIRD STAGE.—Head black to blackish red in different exam-
ples; eyes and mouth black. Width 1.6mm. Body dark reddish

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA, Vol. VI. 10 OCTOBER, ISgo.

—182—

brown, the stripes dull yellow, arranged as in the next stage, the
subventral ones interrupted at the bases of the legs and correspond-
ingly on the legless segments. Cervical shield, anal plate, thoracic
and anal feet and the abdominal feet outwardly, black. A few short
pale hairs.

FourTH STAGE.—Head higher than wide, rounded, quite flat
in front, depressed a little at the sutures at the top of the triangular
plate and furnished with a few hairs. Color black, or blackish red
to light mahogany-red, or even orange tinted in different examples
of the same brood, the eyes and jaws black, labium and antennz
yellowish, the latter black ringed. Body black, becoming brownish,
four lateral stripes, a subventral and ventral one pale yellow, the
lateral ones becoming almost white in some examples, all nearly as
wide as the intervening spaces. They run nearly to the anterior
edge of joint 2, except the first and second lateral, which stop at the
cervical shield and end before reaching the anal plate, except the
third lateral and the ventral. The subventral line is interrupted by
the light reddish bases of the legs and by reddish spots on the leg-
less segments, except on joint 13. Cervical shield, anal plates,
thoracic feet and the abdominal outwardly, shiny black; the anal
plates punctured and narrowly bordered with ocher yellow. In
some examples with red heads this border is broader, and the cervical
shield is partly ochreous-orange. Hair whitish, thin and short,
growing from minute black tubercles.

FretH STAGE.—Head as high as wide, 'rounded, a little flattened
at the extreme front, depressed at the sutures at the top of the tri-
angular plate and very minutely punctured. A few blackish hairs.
Color light reddish orange, or with a brownish tinge not unlike the
color of a cherry stone. Labium and antenne paler, the latter with
two black rings; jaws black; eyes blackish. Body black, the stripes
pale yellow, the lateral ones in some examples becoming white and
in a few canary-yellow, narrower than the intervening spaces, con-
tinuous from cervical shield and the anterior edge of joint 2, except
the subventral, somewhat interrupted and irregular on joints 12 and
13, and barely reaching the anal plate, except the third lateral.
Cervical shield, anal plate and abdominal feet, except an outward
blackish band on the latter, concolorous with the head. Bases of
all the legs (except the anal) and corresponding spots on the legless
segments darker red. Thoracic and anal feet black. Hair thin,
about 5 mm. long, with some short, more numerous, fine black
hairs seen with a lens. At maturity the head is more of a brownish
red. Length about 50 mm.

—183—

Pupation occurs in a subterraneous cell, and the Winter is passed
in this state.

Pupa.—Similar in shape and color to those of the other species
of Datana and not to be distinguished from them. The two cre-
masters are short, each with three spines, of which the middle one
is usually shortest.

Foop PLANtT.— Vaccinium stamineum. Larve from Ulster
County, N. Y.

=_

Abstract of the Proceedings of the Entomological Club
oi. the A. A. A. S.

The club met August 20th in the State House at Indianapolis,
26 persons attending the meetings. The President, Prof. A. J.
Cook, delivered as his annual address an essay upon teaching En-
tomology, which was discussed by Messrs. Weed and Osborn.

Mr. Weed read a paper upon the life-history of the ‘‘ evening
primrose curculio ( Zyloderma foveolatum)’’ and upon a Braconid
parasite of the same. The paper was commented on by Mr. Web-
ster.

Mr. Fletcher presented some notes upon the injuries caused by
the Hessian Fly, the wheat-stem maggot and an undetermined spe-
‘cies of Oscints. The Oscinis was probably variabilis according to
Dr. Williston.

This note produced extensive discussion by Messrs. Cook, Gar-
man, Osborn, Atwood and Webster.

A paper on the subject of American Silk-spinners, by Mr. Ed-
ward L. Graef, was read by the Secretary. The author expresses
his belief that some of the American Saturniide might be made
useful for the production of native silk, and offers a prize of $50 for
the best practical plans for accomplishing this purpose.

August 21st, Mr. Weed read a paper on the ‘‘ Food-plants of
the Clover Stem Borer (Languria mozard?);’ he has found the
larva feeding on fifteen species of plants. The paper was generally
discussed.

Mr. Alwood announced his intention of studying tobacco in-
sects, and mentioned having observed a stem borer. Mr. Weed
had heard of a root louse in southern Ohio.

_ Mr. Osborn read a paper on a peculiar Coleopterous larva in-
festing the stems of plants.

Mr. Garman spoke of the asymmetry of the mouth-parts of the
Thysanoptera.

—184—

Mr. Weed read a paper on the oviposition of Lzstronotus lati-
usculus on the stalks of Sagittaria variabilis, which was discussed
by Messrs. Garman, Fletcher and Webster.

Mr. Robertson made some remarks upon the habits of Amphor
bombyliformis, an apparently special visitor of A/zézscus. The sub-
ject elicited general discussion. —

Miss Murtfeldt read a paper entitled, ‘‘Some experiences in
rearing Insects.’’ The paper was commented upon by Messrs.
Fletcher, Webster and Osborn.

After general discussion it was ‘‘ Resolved, that it is the sense
of the Club that the meetings of the Association of Economic En-
tomologists and of the Entomological Club would both be benefitted
by holding such meetings if possible, at the same time and place as
the meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of
Science.”’

The Secretary read a paper by Dr. Kellicott, of Columbus, O.,
upon ‘‘ The preparatory stages of Awstrotia caduca,’’ which was
generally discussed. ¢

Mr. Cook mentioned finding the eggs and rearing the larva of
Agrotis C-nigrum on currant. Mr. Osborn read a paper on the
period of incubation of Mallophaga. Mr. Earle presented some
notes on injurious insects of southern Mississippi.

August 22d.—Mr. Weed presented a paper on the habits of
Lixus concavus. Mr. Hargitt called attention to early observations
on the canker worm, to a species of Cecidomyza infesting the tops
of Solidago, and presented some ‘‘ Notes upon Cermatia forceps.’’
The latter was discussed by Messrs. Fletcher and Webster.

Officers were elected as follows: Prestdent, Herbert Osborn;
Vice-President, Miss Mary E. Murtfeldt; Secretary, Clarence M.
Weed.

Mr. Osborn presented a paper on ‘‘ The uses of contagious
diseases in destroying injurious insects,’’ which was discussed by
Messrs. Fletcher, Hargitt, Cook and Garman.

Mr. Atkinson spoke of a number of injurious Alabama insects,
and of the species mentioned by him, ZArips and Scolytus rugulosus
were further commented on by Messrs. Webster and Fletcher.

Mr. Weed read a paper on the oviposition of Dectes spinosus
in Ambrosia trifida. Mr. Webster had usually found it about 4.
artemisiefolia.

Mr. Cook presented some notes on the insects of the year, and
Mr. Weed presented a paper on Psephenus leconte?, taken on the
shores of Lake Erie.

ee ee

SYNOPSES OF CERAMBYCID&.

BY 'GHARLES W.. LENG, BS.
(Continued from p. 160, vol. vi.)

LEPTURA Serville.

The species of Leptwra were arranged in synoptic form by Dr.
LeConte in 1873. Since that time a few changes have been noted
by Dr. Horn in various publications, and the result appears in the
“Check List’? of Mr. Henshaw. A few more remain to be noted
as follows:

cyanella Lec. is undescribed, and = chalybea Hald.

zebra Oliv. should be nitens Forst, on account of priority.

quadrata Lec. is a form of instabilis Hald.

canadensis Fab. should read canadensis Oliv.

ebena is a name proposed for a totally black form of canadensis.

crassicornis Lec. is the female of crassipes Lec.

vittata Germ. should read 'vittata Oliv.

spuria Lec. = Acmeops militaris Lec. fide Dr. Horn.

vexatrix Mann., formerly placed as a gS of sexmaculata Linn.,
appears to be a distinct species.

For the last two corrections I am indebted to Dr. Horn as well
as for many minor suggestions not specially acknowledged in the
notes which follow the synopsis, and in preparing the lists of locali-
ties for the various species I have enjoyed the use of Dr. Horn’s
collection and the valuable assistance of Mr. Henshaw.

The following synopsis closely follows that of Dr. LeConte and
incorporates all the changes that I have been able to discover. The
descriptions of varieties in coloring are stated in the notes at the end.

Synopsis.
A.—Prothorax more or less triangular, or campanulate, widest at the base,
hind angles prolonged . ... . . . . STENURA Serv.

B.—Prothorax more or less triangular, or campanulate, widest at the base,
hind angles not prolonged; antennz with 4% joints punctured,
the remainder sericeous . . . . . LEPTURA restrict. Serv.

C.—Prothorax constricted before and behind (except in a); hind angles not
prolonged; last joint of palpi dilated, triangular, truncate, some-
times obliquely, sometimes transversely, hind angles of head
obtuse and rounded, never square; elytra scarcely narrowed
Voi <a .« » (Vvittata; etc.)

D.—Prothorax constricted bef oan behtid bind ales scarcely prolonged,
but broadly and feebly lobed ; elytra parallel, truncate at tip,
and armed with a strong sutural spine; not dilated, penultimate
joint of maxillary nearly as long as last joint; hind angles of
head short, rounded, genze moderate, mouth rather short, front

—186—

with a deep transverse impression; antennz slender, with 43/
joints punctured, remainder sericeous; 11th joint not appen-
diculate; ¢ with antennz longer, and 5th ventral broadly and
deeply emarginate with angles acute. . . . . (valida only)
E.—Prothorax quadrate, slightly narrowed in front, not constricted, but only
feebly impressed behind, elytra feebly narrowed from the base,
slightly truncate at tip; palpi as in B, with the last joint feebly
dilated, truncate, and longer than the preceding; head suddenly
narrowed behind, but not constricted, very short hind angles,
rounded ; antennz with 4% joints punctured, the remainder
sericeous, 11th joint <' very strongly appendiculate, 7th and
following with a smooth, feebly carinated line beneath.
(mutabilis, etc.)
F.—Prothorax constricted before and behind, wider at base, hind angles not
prolonged; elytra wider, parallel, rounded at tip; head suddenly
narrowed far behind the eyes, but not constricted; hind angles,
therefore, long, broadly rounded; eyes mo¢ emarginate; antennz
inserted a little behind the front margin of the eyes, slender, with
4% joints punctured, remainder sericeous, 11th joint simple;
; genze rather short, palpi with the last joint triangular, truncate,
as in viftata. This group differs from Acmcops, chiefly by the
position of the antenne . . . . . (cubitalis only)
A a.—Prothorax strongly narrowed from ae ae which is broadly but
deeply bisinuate, posterior transverse impression distinct; elytra
widest at the base, gradually narrowed behind, truncate and
emarginate at tip which is not margined . (emarginata to rubida)
A b.—Prothorax nearly smooth, strongly and gradually narrowed from the
base, which is bisinuate, hind impression very deep; elytra very
coarsely punctured, not narrowed, very dehiscent, rounded,
subacuminate and distinctly margined at tip . (cruentata only)
A c.—Prothorax punctured, without hind impression, campanulate, but sub-
quadrate, hind angles small (except americana); elytra parallel,
gene very short. . . . . . . (chalybza, hematites, etc.)
A d.—Prothorax transversely depressed at the base, couivex, much rounded
on the sides before the middle, hind angle small (except in 772-
pura); elytra at base wider than prothorax, more or less narrowed
behind, usually black, spotted or banded with yellow; gence
moderately long (shorter in last two). . (lta, cordifera, etc.)
A e.—Prothorax longer than wide, subcampanulate, with a deep transverse
impression near the base, hind angles broad, laminate; color
black, elytra sometimes testaceous, scarcely narrowed behind;
antennz with 4th joint very short. . . . (brevicornis, etc.)

Aa.

Antenne feebly serrate; 5th ventral < flattened, broadly truncate-emarginate
and bidentate; mouth short, hind angles of head more prominent.

Black, velvety pubescent; elytra red, with apex black.
Elytra not sulcate, prothorax sparsely punctured . . . . emargfnata.
Elytra sulcate; prothorax densely punctured .... . . . gigas.

—187—

Antenne filiform; 5th ventral ¢ broadly truncate-emarginate and bidentate;
mouth long, hind angles of head less prominent.

Prothorax densely not finely punctured.

_Elytra yellow, with anterior blotch (frequently wanting), medial band
and apex black; legs varied black and yellow; sides and base
of prothorax sometimes yellow; antennze usually annulated.

Antenne long and slender . . . «ts OD ierata:
Antenne stouter; elytra with paddle ane eee band black. soror.
Elytra yellow, more obliquely truncate at tip, lateral spot near the mid-
dle, suture behind and apex black; legs, antennze and body
Bleck See tee . . . propinqua.
Elytra yellow, with vague edie ona poaenGs bands interrupted at the
suture, sides of prothorax, abdomen and legs testaceous; tarsi,
tip of posterior tibia and hind femora fuscous; narrower than
obliterata, with the (\ antennz longer and 11th joint very dis-
tinctly appendiculate, and prothorax more sinuate on the sides.
deleta.

Prothorax more finely punctured.
Black, elytra luteo-testaceous or black, tip blackish; 3d, 4th and base of
5th ventralsegments red. . .. . east oa* 3) Sa
More slender, antennz annulate with yellow; oO black, base of legs
yellow; elytra with base of epipleurz yellow and a broad vitta;
Q testaceous, disc of thorax, scutellum, suture, side margin,
transverse spot at middle and tip of elytra black; legs varied
withyblack, “a7 4, a ive” [eltvacy chal Nie) « Se

Prothorax strongly less densely ee

Much broader and stouter, hind impression of prothorax very deep; ab-
domen red, base and tip blackish; <j black; 2 yellow, occiput,
two prothoracic spots, knees, tips of tibize and tarsi black; elytra
black, with side margin and oblique vitta yellow; varies with
trunk fuscous, and prothorax with the disc black . abdominalis.

Broad, black, prothorax deeply impressed behind, elytra Q sanguineous,
with a very broad, common, discoidal stripe not reaching the

base; abdomen sanguineous; ¢\ black . . . . .~ plagifera.
Smaller, black, prothorax less deeply imqressed; elytra with a spot near
the tip yellow . . . - ay > Sa

Prothorax densely punctured, eebly imapeeedede (opin Sleutien
Prothorax not sinuate on the sides, fuscous, finely pubescent; elytra tes-
taceous; suture, dorsal vitta and submarginal spots blackish;

legs testaceous, antenne annulate .. . . . . . Mineola.
Black, clothed with short yellow pubescence, elytra dark testaceous,
coarsely punctured, tip sometimes black . . . . . rubida.

A b.

Black, sides of elytra, metathorax and abdomen red; thighs red, with the tip
black . NRE OLS. ORS nail

—1858—

FENG,
Elytra rounded and margined at tip.
Black; elytra blue, polished, coarsely and sparsely punctured, antennz and
legs either black’or yellow’. - <" >... ©.) ehalypea:
Black; head and prothorax light rufous.
Elytra shining, very coarsely punctured, tip subtruncate; prothorax with-

outimpressions . , . . . Capitata.
Elytra densely, not coarsely punched! he soared: erator impressed
near the hindangles . . . . . . americana.

Black, hoary with fine white pubescence, eranierae dull red . hematites.
Black, with white pubescence; head, prothorax, legs and scape of antennze
mone Or less yellow. 205.7 ttom on) ee eee en

Elytra scarcely or not margined at tip.
Dull black, hoary with fine white pubescence; head, legs and scape of an-

tennz sometimes ferruginous, or partlyso. . . subargentata.
Dark blue, elytra with red humeral spot, sometimes wanting . molybdica.
Ad.

Prothorax transversely excavated along the whole base, sides sinuate, tip
strongly tubular; body beneath, margins of prothorax and ely-
tral bands golden pubescent; tip truncate, legs ferruginous.

Yellow bands broader at the suture.

Antenne wey stout,/dark denmuginous: % ee. 900.6 Ewe ee lee

Antennz more slender, nearly black athe pn ele a, ee ens

Bands equal, straight . . . . . . . tribalteata.

Prothorax feebly excavated each eee near fhe iad angles; pubescence not
golden.

Brownish yellow, densely clothed with fine pubescence, hind angles of pro-
thorax more explanate and prolonged; elytra with a faint lateral
fuscous spot at the middle; tip truncate . . . . . impura.

Prothorax narrowed from the base, sides subsinuate; elytra yellow, with
two marginal spots and tip black, the latter dehiscent, not trun-
cate; often has in addition a black common spot on the suture,
sometimes narrowly connected with black tip . . . cordifera.

Prothorax not narrowed from the base, sides sinuate, rounded in front;
elytra with yellow bands’or spots, variously confluent, some-
times entirely black, suture dehiscent, tip rounded . instabilis.

Prothorax not wider than long, more finely and densely punctured, body
less robust; elytra less dehiscent at tip, which is.more broadly
rounded and scarcely margined; yellow, with base, two bands
and apex black, bands sometimes interrupted . sexmaculata.

Prothorax more rounded in front; elytra depressed on disc, truncate and
emarginate at tip; yellow, with two blotches, humeral and me-
aialand tip black | -2 <A. “j tt ce | VOXAIPIx,

Legs and antennz ferruginous; elytra ‘euBly ohiseebi tips broader

and nearly rounded, siiiitiy margined; elytra yellow, entire

margin black, a discoidal spot near the base, large lateral one

near the middle, and transverse one near tip black.. sexspilota.

Prothorax broader than long, campanulate, transversely excavated or de-

pressed along the whole base, sinuate on.the sides, tip strongly
constricted and tubular; pubescence not golden; elytra rounded
and margined at tip; mouth and gene rather stout.

Elytra testaceous, with a large blotch behind the middle, extending to the
margin, but not the suture, and tip black; markings sometimes

Teva, ay Fy sts Be Sh a Me oo ye athewsll.
Entirely black, more Soareely ‘Suneeecedt? ke tices yay! eh
Are
Prothorax coarsely, elytra very coarsely punctured, truncate and spinose;
antennze @ short, thickened externally . . . . brevicornis.
Prothorax densely and coarsely punctured; antennz slender; elytra sharply
trincate atjtip: i... . . . Nigrella.
Prothorax sparsely punctured; eae slender. aly me ieebly truncate at tip.
carbonata.
B.

B a.—Antennz annulated with yellow, 11th joint distinctly divided; elytra
: narrowed from the base, tip truncate and dentate; ¢) antennz
serrate, and 5th ventral flattened triangularly, emarginate and
bidentater’ Ae.) - . . . (Canadensis to circumdata)
B b.—Antennz annulated or neatly Diag subserrate in of; with the 11th
‘joint feebly appendiculate; elytra narrowed from the base, very
dehiscent at tip, which is nearly rounded and indistinctly mar-
gined; form short and very stout . . (vagans and dehiscens)
Be.—Antenne not annulated, 11th joint scarcely appendiculate; elytra
slightly narrowed from the base, sharply truncate at tip; pro-
thorax scarcely constricted behind . . (sanguinea to dolorosa)
B d.—Antennz not annulated, 11th joint scarcely appendiculate; elytra
slightly narrowed from the base <j, almost parallel 2, elevated
at the base, elongate, scarcely truncate, not densely, but very
finely pubescent; yellow with black spots or bands; prothorax
bell shaped, transversely depressed at base, which is more
deeply sinuate than usual . . . . (erassipes to octonotata)
Bc.—Antennz annulated, 11th joint not appendiculate; elytra parallel,
elongate, npt elevated at base, truncate at tip; prothorax bell
shaped, constricted strongly at tip, and less strongly at base;
hind angles of head obtuse, gene moderate, front with a trans-
MEESe WMDLESSION gin anno ates Mapes fe lites vo ¢ Qpemalis)

Baas

Elytra ¢' and @ truncate-emarginate at tip; prothorax more deeply con-
stricted behind; antennz strongly appendiculate, © strongly
serrate almost entirely black, 2 feebly serrate, joints 4-11 an-
nulate with yellow; black, elytra more or less red. canadensis.

Elytra truncate at tip. ¢ sometimes feebly emarginate; prothorax feebly
constricted behind.

Elytra entirely red; antennz ,<\ and @ with joints 1-5 black, 11th joint
feebly appendiculate; <j‘ antennz serrate, abdomen red, & an-
tennz nearly filiform, abdomen black . . . . . . rubrica.

Elytra pale, side margin and tip black; small species . . . circumdata.

Bb. ,

Antennal joints 6-11 annulate with yellow; elytra very coarsely punctured,
more or less testaceous or red, sometimes entirely black; %

with 5th ventral deeply excavated and emarginate . . vagans.
Antenne entirely black; elytra less coarsely punctured, testaceous; < with
5th ventral less excavated and emarginate. . . . dehiscens.
Buc,

Prothorax densely and coarsely punctured; 5th ventral © flattened and

truncate. ;
Elytra reddish, testaceous, fuscous towards ae which is transversely trun-
enter Fe..3 ’ . . . Sanguinea.

Elytra obliquely paresis 3 Satine blacks or peas testaceous, 2 elytra
scarlet, with a Sees! spot before the middle, one near the
side at the middle, and the tip black ... . . . IJetifica.

Elytra testaceous, feebly truncate, apex and ae band black; pubes-
cence very long. . . Shoal 5 Reteligg

Prothorax less densely punctured; ik Genwal ae datiened and broadly
rounded.

Elytra obliquely truncate and subdentate at tip; black, with yellow mark-
ings, viz.: a subscutellar spot and two transverse bands, con-
nected at the suture, more or less interrupted, and even reduced
to two smaller spots . . . . . . quadrillum.

Prothorax coarsely punctured; elytra densely Aibeseent with golden hair
arranged transversely; 5th ventral <j scarcely impressed; elytra
transversely truncate, frequently fuscous at the sides.

chrysocoma.

Prothorax usually densely and coarsely punctured, transversely impressed
and constricted behind, disc more or less channeled; 5th ventral
3 scarcely impressed; pubescence of the elytra short and sparse.

First joint of middle tarsi as long as the two following; prothorax feebly

impressed.

Pubescence of prothorax golden; elytra testaceous, suture and lateral
vitta extending totip black . . . . . . . Nigrolineata.
Black, pubescence brown; elytra and legs eteconst prothorax suban-
gulated on the sides, elytra more coarsely punctured . rufula.

First joint of middle tarsi scarcely longer than the second; sides of elytra
more sinuate.

Elytra testaceous, tip black, or entirely black . . . . . . proxima.

First joint of the middle tarsi as long as the two following; prothorax
sparsely punctured, more deeply channeled and impressed; hind
angles of head more tumid and nearly square; elytra elevated

at base.
Fusco-testaceous, elytra paler, with a medial marginal dark spot; an-
tenn very lorig: 192) 2°) Oe RS eS Tee

Black, antenne <j’ moderate. . 1°. “> /". © >. 4° 9 llionesas

Bd.

Hind angles of head square, genz rather long; 3 with 5th ventral impressed,
truncate and emarginate.

Prothorax obtusely angulated or strongly sinuate on the sides; legs entirely
yellow; elytra yellow, apex black (sometimes enclosing yellow
spot) and two incomplete bands black; antennz more slender,
fuscous or black; 9 elytra yellow, with apex and three bands
(sometimes incomplete) black; antennze very stout, yellow.

crassipes.
Prothorax rather rounded than sinuate on the sides; thighs and tips of
' tibiee dark; abdomen black... . . es 2 plas

Hind angles short, tumid, but obtuse, neck less aenstier prothorax less
sinuate on the sides, more finely and less densely punctured;
pubescence white, long and fine.

Black, elytra with a basal spot, two bands connected near the suture, and
a large spot near the tip ye =e and abdomen ferruginous,
fArSieCuS Ky say aw 5 is Siteebce s) DORTENSH:

Hind angles of head very short, neds 3 as Shovel

Blackish blue, shining, prothorax feebly rounded on the sides; elytra
slightly truncate at tip, with four pale yellow spots on each; base
Grunts pales ita. ee Gd el ee os Sao .. obtomntata:

Be.

Black, with fine, sparse, yellowish pubescence; head and prothorax finely,
very densely punctured; elytra twice as wide as prothorax, punc-
tured, more densely and a little more finely towards the tip;
antennz long and slender, annulate with pale, legs ferruginous
Cs AY EA tet! ay on eh ae Ske, @ TOE

C.

C a.—Elytra protuberant at-base; tip subtruncate, suture with a small spine;
prothorax scarcely constricted, more deeply bisinuate at base.

C b.—Elytra not protuberant at base, rounded at tip; prothorax very deeply
constricted before and behind, sides strongly rounded and disc
very convex; head prolonged behind eyes.

C c.—Elytra not protuberant at base, rounded at tip; prothorax slightly con-
stricted at base and at tip, sides tuberculate; head prolonged
behind the eyes; antennz stout, third and fourth joints united,
equal to fifth.

Cra

Head prolonged behind the eyes; sparsely punctured, black, shining; elytra
with a yellow vitta, sometimes wanting, or entirely testaceous.

vittata.
Neck very near to the eyes; black, prothorax pubescent, with erect hair,
densely punctured with a smooth dorsal vitta’ . . . pubera.

Cb
Black, front legs, base of thighs and tibiz, more or less yellow; prothorax

ma Oe

sometimes red (swficollis Say), very iad pubescent, nearly

smooth; base punctured . . . . . . . . Sphericollis.

Black, front legs, ate of thighs and tibiae, more or less yellow; prothorax
sparsely, finely punctured, base punctured; elytra more coarsely
punctured, with a yellow vitta extending from base almost to

tip, sometimes interrupted near the tip . . . . . . vibex.
Testaceous, prothorax densely punctured, clothed with yellow pubescence:
elytra more coarsely punctured, with a sutural and lateral black

vitta, extending nearly tothe tip . . . . orale

Piceous or black, prothorax scarcely punctured, fechiy, pubescent; elytra
less coarsely punctured, with three marginal spots and a sinuate

black vitta extending from base for three-fourths the length,

where it is confluent with the posterior spot, or vitta reduced to

a very short basal streak and marginal spots to faint clouds; legs

testaceous, hind thighs dusky at tip . . . . . . . seripta.

Ce:
Testaceous, elytra very coarsely punctured, with a small fuscous spot near
the side about the middle ...:...4 ..4. . © .:q.gnathoiiee:

D.

Testaceous, finely pubescent; elytra with narrow sutural line, two small
clouds near the base, and two about the middle fuscous (very
laree Species): 3:04 Ge tee eerie oils tee eene eee

E.
Elytra punctured.
Black, prothorax slightly, but distinctly narrowed in front, pubescence

short; elytra black or testaceous . . . . . . mutabilis.
Black, prothorax nearly square, oS ew long eee fuzzy (one specimen
only known) . . < os ‘vou gill Yan T(ERCORES,

Elytra rough, with elevated ae or Penile
Very black, thorax feebly bisinuate on the sides; antenn not carinated,
Lith jointnot appendiculate’;*. <suwsl.) pps ony ee eee

F,

Black, antennz brown, front legs ferruginous, with knees, tip of tibize and
tarsi dark; head and prothorax longer than wide, densely and
finely punctured, the latter subcanaliculate, with smooth, narrow,
dorsal space (looks like Acm@ops). . . . . . . cubitalis.

Bibliography and Notes.

L. emarginata Fab., 1775, Ent. Syst. i, 2, p. 341; Oliv., Ent. iv, 73, p. 5, t. 3,
fig. 26; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 62.
Length 30 mm. — 1.20 inch. MHab.—Pa., N. C., N. Y., Texas.

L. gigas Lec., 1873, S. M. ©. No.-264,i 2223
Length 30—35 mm. = 1.20—1.40 inch. Hab.—Texas, N. Mex.

These two are easily known by the large size and red elytra,

sulcate in gZgas, not in emarginata.
L. obliterata Hald., 1847, 1. c.; perductor Walker, Nat. Hist. Vanc. 1866, ii,
Pp. 333; vittosa Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. vii, 1854, p. 18; Ent. Rep.
1857, p. 64.
Length 15—18 mm. = .60—.72 inch. AHYab.—Vanc., Wash., Oreg., Cal.,
Nev., Mont., Id.

Varies in the extent of the black markings, and LeConte’s name
vittosa is applied by some to the specimens with elytral tip black,
reserving od/iterata for the lighter specimens without black tip.

L. soror Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 223.
Length 12 mm. = .48 inch. Haé.—Cal., Vanc.

Very close to the preceding, but the elytra lack the ante-medial
spot and the antenne are stouter, the fourth joint more distinctly
shorter than the fifth than in od/iterata.

L. propinqua Bland, 1865, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. p. 384.
Length 12—16 mm. = .48—.64 inch. Aab.—Col., Nev., N. Mex., Ariz.,
Or., Wash., Id., Mont., Can. W.

L. deleta Lec.; 1853, J. A. P. ser. 2, ii, p. 328.
Length 12 mm. = .48 inch. ab.—Mass.

L. plebeja Rand., 1838, Bost. Jour. ii, p. 28; Lec., l. c. p. 333.
Lenethais mmy—.52 inch. : 4ab.—Can., Mich., N. J., N. C., Ni-H.,
L. Superior, Maine.

These seem to be rare in collections, and I have been unable to
procure specimens of deleta and plebeja. The descriptions in table
will serve to identify them. The general form is similar to the
neighboring species.

L. subhamata Rand., 1838, Bost. Journ. ii, p. 28; Hald., l. c. p. 61; avmata
Hald., |. c. p. 61; iztferrupta Newn., Ent. 1841, p. 72; /econtet
De). Cat; clecars Léc:, 1c. \p. 329; Hald., |. c. p. 63:
Length 12—15 mm. = .48—.60 inch. AMab.—Can., N. H., Mich., N. J.,
INE. bar, Vaso Ne Gr Tile Mass:

An abundant and variable species, & and ¢ differing in color,
the 9 being much the blacker. The normal marking of thorax is
black with yellow sides 9, yellow preponderating %, or reducing
the black color to a discal line in the form e/egans Lec. The elytra
are normally black with a yellow vitta interrupted at middle and not
reaching tip 2, or yellow color exceeding black % , or reducing the
black to a short, transverse, medial spot, form e/egans Lec. The
black color also disappears almost entirely from the legs in this
extreme form.

L. abdominalis Hald., 1847, l. c. p. 63, J; atrovittata Bland, 1864, Proc. Ent.
Soc. p. 255 @.
Length 15 mm. = .60 inch. Hadb.—N. J., Ga., So. La., Texas.
A conspicuously stout species, the sexes differing in color and
described under different names.
L. plagifera Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 224 9. anthracina Lec., 1875,

Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. v, p. 174 ¢.
Length 13 mm. = .52 inch. Hab.—Nev., Col., Cal., Mont. Id., Or.

L. amabilis Lec., 1857, Ent. Rep. p. 64.
Length 7.5 mm. = .30 inch. Hab.—Or., Wash.

This species seems to be rare, and is in few collections.

Li; lineola Say, 1823, J.A: P. iti, p.421;.Lec., J. A. P:sen.2,4))p. sagrewen
Cat. 3 ed. p. 362; ixdirecta Newn. Ent. 1841, p. 71; ciucta Hald.
Trans, Am. Phil. x, p: 63: :
Length 8—13 mm. = 32—52 inch. Afab.—N. Y., Pa., Va., Texas, Md.,
Can.. IN. JH.) Mass.,-N. Ce Miss CW:

L. rubida Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 224.

Length 13 mm. = .52inch. /ab.—Cal.

This species also seems rare. Dr. LeConte’s description says
“‘ general form is the same as sudargentata.”’

L. cruentata Hald., 1847, |. c. p. 64.
Length 9 mm. = .36 inch. //aé.—Pa., Ga., Texas, Can. W.

L. chalybea Hald., 1847, |. c. p. 60; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p. 331; cyvanella
Lec. (undescribed)
Length 6mm.; .24 inch. /7ab.—Can., N. Y., Pa., N. C., O., Ta.

L. capitata Newn., Ent. 1841, p. 71; Hald., 1. c. p. 65; sanguinicollis Dej. Cat.
Length 6.5—9 mm.; .26—.36 inch. ab.—Can., N..H., Pa., Mich.,, Ia.,
Ohio, Ga., N. Y., Mo., Mass.
L. americana Hald., 1847, |. c. p. 63; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p. 331; fuscicollis
Dej. Cat.
. Length 8—g mm.; .32—.36 inch. 7ab.—Ohio, Ind. T., Ga., Pa.
The hind angles of prothorax are very prominent in this species,
which otherwise greatly resembles the preceding.
L. hematites Newn., Ent. 1841. p. 73.
Length 4—6 mm.; .16—.24 inch. /Zab.—Mass., Ct"N.. Y.; "N.C. Beadle
Very abundant near New York on the blossoms of Cornus.
L. exigua Newn., 1841, Ent. p. 73; waza Newn. l.¢.; saucia Lec., Proc: Ac.

Phil. 1862, p. 4o.
Length 5.5—7 mm.; .22—.28 inch. Yab.—Can., Mass., N. Y., Pa., N. Ill.

The species is found to vary considerably in color. See note
by Dr. Horn, vol. i, p. 8. ‘‘ The typical form is black, the basal

joint of antennz and front legs pale; zaza has mouth, front legs,
and bases of middle and hind femora pale; saucia has legs similar
to zana, the thorax yellow, with a large discoidal black spot; some-
times the angles only yellow.’’

L. subargentata Kirby, 1837, Fn. Bor. Am. iv, p. 184; Mann., Bull. Mosc. 1853,
ili, p. 251; vuficeps Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1862, p. 40; similis Ky.,
Ih cy, p.r185t Lees; Js Ay P> sera 25 pe 33ryy rupbasss Léc;, Ptoc:
AC, ‘Phil. 1862, p. 40; peatees TEL Trans. Am. Ent. Sot. 1874,
68.
Length ae. mm.; .24—.30 inch. Has.—Alaska, Vanc., H. B. T., L.
Sup., N. H., N. Y., Ga., Mich., Col., N. Mex., Nev., Cal., Wash.,
Can. W., Can. E., Mont., Mass.
This is another very variable species in color. The typical form
is entirely black, hoary with fine white pubescence.
Form vuficeps: head dull ferruginous; front legs and base of
middle thighs testaceous.
Form szmzlis: scape, front legs, base of middle and part of
hind tibiae ferruginous.
Form vwjibasis: scape and legs ferruginous.
Form rhodopus: entirely black.

L. molybdica Lec., 1850, J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p. 101; sz2/itaris Chev., Rev. Zool.
1855, p. 187; Ann. Fr. 1858, pi 529, t. 12, fig. 3.
Length 5—6 mm.; .20—.24 inch. AHab.—Cal., Rocky Mts., Nev., Or.
Chevrolat’s name mz/faris is usually Puy to ie form with
red humeral angles.

L. lata Lec., 1857, Ent. Rep. p. 64.
Length 12.5 mm.; .50 inch. Hab.—Wash., Or., Cal., Nev., Vane.

L. nitens Forst., 1771, Nov. Spec. Ins. p. 45; zedra Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv, 73,
p. 19, t. 3, fig. 33; Hald., 1849, Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 62; caro-
lina Web., 1801, Obs. Ent. 1, p. 91; guagga Germ., 1824, Ins.
Lep. nov. p. 521.

Length 1ro—13 mm.; .4o—.52 inch. ad.—Massachusetts, New York,

Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Illinois, Texas, New Jersey, Iowa,
Georgia, Canada West.

Forster’s name has priority, and should be restored. The con-
fusion caused by the strong resemblance to Zypocerus zebratus is
noted in the remarks under that species, and it is well to have the
names more distinctive.

L. tribalteata Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 224.
Length 7—10 mm.; .28—.4o inch. AHaé.—Neévada, California, Idaho.

L. impura Lec., 1857, Ent. Rep. p. 64.
Length 9 mm.; .36 inch. Haé.—Nevada, Oregon, California.

L. cordifera Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv, p. 25, t. 4, fig. 41; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p.
332; abdominalis Dej. Cat. 3 ed.; vosarum Lec., |. c.; lunaris
Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 59.
Length 1o—13 mm.; .4o—.52 inch. /¥ab.—New Hampshire, Massachu-
setts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North
Carolina, Georgia, Michigan, Maryland, Lake Superior.
L. instabilis Hald., 1847, Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 59; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p.
332; convexa Lec., l..c.} gaadratia Lec, 5. M. C. No. 2645p;
Be Ons:
Length 7—13 mm.; .28—.52 inch. ab.—New Hampshire, Montana,
Idaho, Wyoming, Oregon, Washington, California, Nevada,
Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Saskatchewan.

This species and the preceding are continually confused in col-
lections; the differences and variations in color are pointed out in
the synoptic table. It will be noted that covdifera is an eastern spe-
cies, and zzstadbz/is a western, though the localities overlap somewhat.
The specimens in collections are usually banded and labeled convexa,
and the name zzstadz/7s retained for those with the bands broken
into spots. I propose to extend the name guwadrata Lec. to the
form which is entirely black, it having been originally applied to a
specimen nearly black, with antenne and legs ferruginous.

L. sexmaculata Linn., Syst. Nat. ed. x, p. 398; Oliv.. Ent. iv, 73, p. 26; Kby.,
1837, Fn. Bor. Am. iv, p. 182.
Length 9.5 mm.; .38 inch. AY7ab.—Colorado, Michigan, New Hampshire,
Vancouver, Lake Superior, Canada.

This insect is common to our northern latitudes and those of
Europe.
L. vexatrix Mann., 1853, Bull. Mosc. 1ii, p. 250.

Length ro.5 mm.; .42 inch. /7aé.—Kenai, California. Nevada, Oregon.

This species has been confused with the preceding form, which
it differs by the characters of the table.

L. sexspilota Lec., 1859, Proc. Ac. Phil. p. 80.
Length 9 mm.; .36 inch. Maé.—California.

L. matthewsii Lec., 1869, Ann. Nat. Hist. iv, p. 384.
Length 14 mm.; .56 inch. A/aé.—Vancouver, Washington, California.

L. grossa Lec., 1875, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 225.
Length 18 mm.; .72 inch. Yfaé.—California.

L. brevicornis Lec., |. c.
Length 18—19 mm.; .62—.76 inch. Yab.—Washington, Nevada.
L. nigrella Say, 1827, J. A. P. v, 2, p. 279; zigrita Dej. Cat. 3 ed.
Length 1ro—15 mm.; .40—.60 inch. /¥ab.—Hudson’s Bay, Michigan,
Washington, Nevada, Colorado, New Mexico, Canada, Lake
Superior, Georgia, Maine.

L. carbonata Lec., 1861, Proc. Ac. Phil. p. 355.
Length 9.5 mm.; .38 inch. Haé.—Washington, California.

L. canadensis Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv, 73, p. 8, t. 3, fig. 27; Fab., 1801, Syst. El.
ii, p. 357; Kirby, Fn. Bor. Am. iv, p. 181; ¢enuicornis 3 Hald.,
Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 64; exythroptera Kirby; 1. c. p. 180; cin-
namoptera Hald., 1. c. p. 64; cribripennis Lec., Col., Kansas,
1859, p. 21.

Length 12—18 mm.; .48—.76 inch. ad.—Canada, Nova Scotia, New
Hampshire, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Kan-
sas, Colorado, Idaho, Vancouver, Massachusetts, Louisiana,
Missouri, Canada West, Georgia, Lake Superior, New Mexico,
Nebraska, Oregon.

Olivier’s description antedates that of Fabricius.. The speci-
mens vary a great deal in color and in punctuation. The name
cribripennis Lec. is applied to very coarsely punctate, shining’ speci-
mens; evythroptera Ky., to specimens with entirely red elytra, not
shining; canadensis Oliv., to specimens with elytra bicolored, not
shining; edena is proposed for specimens with elytra entirely black.

L. rubrica Say, 1823, J. A. P. iii, p. 418; Hald., Proc. Ac. Phil. Iv, P. 374; an-
nulata Dej. Cat. 3, ed.; erythroptera Germ., Spec. Ins. nov. p.
522; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 64.
Length ro—16 mm.; .40—.64 inch. Hfab.—Massachusetts, New York,
New Jersey, Virginia, Georgia, N. Illinois, Michigan, Nebraska,
Pennsylvania, Colorado, Kansas.

L. circumdata Oliv., 1795, Ent. 73, p. 32, t. 4, fig. 48; Hald., 1. .c. ps 65,
Length 7—8 mm.; .28—.32 inch. Hab.—Massachusetts, New York;
Pennsylvania.

L. vagaus Oliv., 1795, 1. c. p. 31; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, i, Pp. 337; axillaris Dej.
Cat. 3 ed.; dvevis Kby., Fn. Bor. Am. iv, p. 182.
Length 9—12 mm.; .36—.48 inch. . Had.—New Hampshire, Massachu-
setts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia, North
Carolina, Georgia, Michigan, Maine, Canada, Canada West.

L. dehiscens Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 89.
Length rto—rr.5 mm.; .40o—.46 inch. HTab.—Washington, California,
Oregon, Vancouver.

L. sanguinea Lec. |. c.
Length to mm.; .4o inch. FTab.—Vancouver, Washington, California,
Colorado, N. Mexico, Nevada, Michigan, N. Hampshire, Oregon.
L. letifica Lec., 1. c.; Zugens Lec., 1. c.
Length 8—12 mm.; .32—.48 inch. Hab.—Nevada, Washington, Cali-
fornia, Oregon.
L. hirtella Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 226.
Length 10 mm., .4o inch. Haé.—Labrador, New Hampshire.

10*

—198—

L. quadrillum Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1859, p. 88.

Length 9—10 mm.; .36—.40 inch. /Yaé.—Vancouver, Washington, Cali-
fornia, Oregon.

L. chrysocoma Kby., 1837, Fn., Bor. Am. iv, p. 179, t. 5, fig. 2; auripilis Lec.,
(A. cPaser.2, dn. aaa,

Length 12—14 mm.; .48—.56 inch. AHYab.—Hudson’s Bay, Canada, Nova

Scotia, Michigan, Idaho, Vancouver, Colorado, Maine, Lake Su-

perior, Utah, New York, Oregon, California, Nevada, N. Mexico.

L. nigrolineata Bland, 1865, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil. iv, p. 383.
Length 7 lines; 14.5 mm.; .58 inch. /7a.—Colorado, Idaho.

L. rufula Hald., 1847, Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 60.
Length 9.25 mm.; .37 inch. Aab.—Michigan, Lake Superior.
L. proxima Say, 1823, J. A. P. iii, p. 420; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 65;
subpubescens Kby., Fn. Bor: Am. iv, p. 180; ferminata Dej. Cat.
3. ed.: afrata Lec., J. A. P: ser.'2) 1, p)330° Dejmcat. 3.edq,
Length 14 mm.; .56 inch. Aaé.—Canada, New Hampshire, New York,
Virginia, Georgia, Ohio, Michigan, Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin,
Massachusetts, Canada West, Pennsylvania.
The name a¢vata Lec. was applied to specimens entirely black.

L. biforis Newn., 1841, Ent. p. 70; Hald., Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 64.
Length 12—13 mm.; .48—.52 inch. ab.—Canada, Pennsylvania, Vir-
ginia, New York, Canada West.
This species resembles the entirely testaceous form of L. vz¢tata,
and thereby becomes mixed with it in collections.

L. dolorosa Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1861, p. 355.
Length 13 mm.; .52 inch. Aaé.—Vancouver, Washington, California,
Nevada, Oregon.

L. crassipes Lec., Ent. Rep. 1857, p. 65; crassicornis 2 Lec., S. M. C. No.
264, p. 227.
Length 1o—13 mm.; .40—.52 inch. AHab.—Vancouver, Washington,
Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho.

A large series collected by Mr. H. F. Wickham in Idaho ap-
peared to me to correspond with Dr. LeConte’s description of cras-
sicornis previously known by one specimen in Mr. Ulke’s cabinet.
Dr. Horn confirmed this opinion, but found the specimens to be all
females, while the specimens of cvassifes corresponding to the de-
scription were all males, whereby the synonymy above was estab-
lished.

L. tibialis Lec., 1850, Agass. Lake Superior, p. 236.
Length to—13 mm.; .40—.52 inch. Maé.—Lake Superior, Michigan,
Washington, New Hampshire.
L. behrensii Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 227.
Length 17 mm.; .68 inch. AHaé.—California.
These two seem to be rather rare.

L. octonotata Say, J. A. P. iii, p. 419; Hald., 1. c. p. 65; stictica Newn., Ent.
p. 72; 4-punctata, Hald., |. c. p. 64. ;
Length 10o—20 mm.; .40—.48 inch. Yab.—Massachusetts, Pennsylvania,
Virginia, Alabama, Mississippi, N. Illinois, New York, Wiscon-
sin, Canada West.
L. pedalis Lec., Proc. Ac. Phil. 1861, p. 355.

Length 10 mm.; .40inch. /7aé.—New Hampshire, Lake Superior, Michi-
gan, Anticosti.

L. vittata Oliv., Ency. Méth. vii, p. 523; Ent. iv, 73, p. 30, t. 4, fig. 45; abdre-
viata Germ., Ins. Spec. nov. p. 523; Zenk., Dej. Cat. 3 ed., 382;
limbata Knoch., in litt.; semzvittata Kb., Fn. Bor. Am. iv, p. 88.
Length 10-13 mm.; .40o—.52 inch. A/7ab.—Canada, New Hampshire,
Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Virginia,
Georgia,’ Alabama, N. Illinois, Michigan, Louisiana, Maine,

Wisconsin.

L. pubera Say, 1827, J. A. P. v, 2, p. 279.
Length g—10 mm.; .36—.40 inch. A¥ab.—New Hampshire, Pennsylvania,
Virginia, N. Illinois, Michigan, Massachusetts, Canada West,
Lake Superior, Georgia, New York.

L. sphericollis Say, 1827, J. A. P. v, 2, p. 280; discicollis Dej. Cat. 383; allecta
Newn., Ent. 1841, p. 72; ruficollis Say, J. A. P. iii, 1823, p. 421;
collaris Melsh., in litt.; pawpercula Newn., Ent. p. 72.

Length 7--8 mm.; .28—.32 inch. HYab.—Canada, New Hampshire, Mas-
sachusetts, New York, Ohio, Kentucky, Michigan, Lake Supe-
rior, Pennsylvania, Canada West, Maine.

The name sphervicollis is later than ruficollis, but is preferred,
as being descriptive of the species rather than a special form thereof,
like ruficollis, which is retained for the form it suggests, viz.: that
with red thorax.

L. vibex Newn.. 1841, Ent. p. 72; zztidicollis Horn, Proc. Ac. Phil. 1860, p.
570, t. 8, fig. 5.
Length 6—10 mm.; .24—.40 inch. AHab.—Canada, New Hampshire,
Connecticut, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, New York, West
Virginia.
L. aurata Horn, 1860, 1. c.
Length 9 mm.; .36 inch. /Zab.—Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Virginia.

L. scripta Lec., 1869, Ann. Nat. Hist. iv, p. 384.
Length 6—9 mm.; .24—.36 inch. Maé.—Vancouver, Washington, Ore-
gon, Nevada.

L. gnathoides Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 228.

Length 9 mm.; .36 inch. AH7aé.—Washington, Oregon.

A rare and very peculiar species, resembling Gnathium minimum
of the Meloide.

—200—3

L. valida Lec., 1857, Ent. Rep. p. 64, t. 2, fig. 14.
Length 22 mm.; .88inch. AZab.—California, Nevada, Oregon, Vancouver.
The largest of our Leptura after gigas and emarginata.
L. mutabilis Newn., 1841, Ent. p. 71; Lec., J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p. 340; Zuridt-
pennis Hald., |. c. p. 63; Dej. Cat. 3 ed.
Length 8—13 mm.; .32—.52 inch. Aab.—New Hampshire, Massachu-
setts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Michigan, Canada.
The species with testaceous elytra were called by Haldeman
luvridipennis, but a large series shows such gradations that it is in-
convenient to attempt any separation.

L. quadricollis Lec., 1850, J. A. P. ser. 2, i, p. 339.
Length 8—9 mm.; .32—.36 inch. AYab.—Massachusetts, Vermont.

Very rare, and doubtfully distinct from mztadzlis.
L. aspera Lec., 1873, S. M. C. No. 264, p. 228.

Length 9—13 mm.; .36—.52 inch. Hab.—Canada, Michigan, Colorado,
Idaho, Vancouver.

L. cubitalis Lec., 1861, Proc. Ac. Phil. p. 355.
Length 8 mm.; .32 inch. A/ab.—California.

Association of Official Economic Entomologists.

The second annual meeting of the Association of Official Eco-
nomic Entomologists will be held at the university buildings, Cham-
paign, Ill., November rith to 15th, proximo, at the same time as
the meeting of the Association of Agricultural Colleges and Ex-
periment Stations. The committee on Entomology of the latter
association will meet at the same time.

Members expecting to attend will confer a favor upon the offi-
cers if they will announce the fact, and will send titles of papers to
be be read, or topics they desire discussed, to the secretary.

All are earnestly requested to be present if possible.

JoHN B. Smitu, Secretary.

—_————_> <>

A series of studies made upon the mouth parts of DIPTERA in-
dicate a homology different from any previously accepted. Thus
far I have examined a large number of families, and have succeeded
in distinguishing all parts of the labium, including the palpi, and all
parts of the maxilla. The labella and the operculum are modifica-
tions of the galea. The slides are all made, the drawings are in an
advanced state of preparation, and the paper will be ready early in
October if all goes well.—J. B. S.

TON UG Ie
AMERICANA

YOL. VI. BROOKLYN, NOVEMBER, 1890. No. It.

THE BLACK PEACH APHIS.

A new species of the genus Afhis.

By Erwin F. Situ, Sc. D., Washington, D. C.

(Continued from p. 103, vol. vi.)

My attention was first called to this aphis in the Summer of
1887. Since then I have observed it repeatedly, my line of scientific
inquiry having kept me in the peach orchards of the eastern United
States almost continuously each year during the season of growth.
I saw it first upon the roots of the peach and did not find any upon
the parts above ground for more than a year.

This aphis is not restricted to any portion of the root system,
but it prefers the smaller and younger fibres which admit of easy
puncture. Upon these the insect congregates and multiplies. Some-
times the rootlets are entirely covered for an inch or two and com-
pletely sapped, the remoter portions becoming flabby and devitalized.
Generally, however, I have found these root aphides in smaller
colonies; sometimes it has required much digging to find any; and
in a few instances I have failed altogether, when, from the appear-
ance of the trees, I had every reason to suspect their presence.
From these observations I conclude that they are more abundant at
certain times of the year than at others. The character of the soil
also appears to have some influence on their prevalence. They are
most abundant and most destructive on light sandy lands, such as
occur in southern New Jersey, and in the middle and southern parts
of the Chesapeake and Delaware peninsula. I have, however, seen
them on roots taken from the stiff clay a foot below the surface.

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA. Vol. IV. II NOVEMBER, 1890.

—202—

I saw them first in July, 1887. Since then I have found them
on the roots in August, September, October, November, April and
May. Experienced peach growers tell me thatethey have also seen
them on the roots in December, January and February. Of their
presence on the roots in mid-Winter, I think there can be no reason-
able doubt. I believe it as firmly as anything I have not myself
observed. During the last four years I have found them in seven
counties on the Chesapeake and Delaware peninsula, and have also
seen them on the roots of peach-trees in southwestern Michigan
(1889). Altogether, I suppose I must have found them on the roots
at least fifty times.

Upon the parts above ground I did not observe the insect until
the fall of 1888, although I had looked for it repeatedly in many
orchards. It should be stated, however, that my observations in
this part of the United States were limited both years to mid-Sum-
mer and Autumn, while the forms above ground are most prevalent
in the Spring. Even in 1888 I saw only two or three small colonies,
and these were confined to one nursery. On the roots of the same
trees, however, they were quite common at this time, and also during
the next Summer.

In the mild Winter of 1888-89, colonies began to appear upon
the branches of the peach long before any buds swelled. These
colonies continued upon the branches and increased in number until
some time in May. During that month they were in nearly every
orchard which I visited. In many orchards they were prevalent
enough to cause uneasiness, especially in the early part of the grow-
ing season when the leaf buds first opened. However, they did no
serious injury, and in Autumn when I returned they were gone from -
the parts above ground, but were plentiful on the roots.

The Winter of 1889-90 was milder than the preceding one. In
fact, throughout the eastern United States it was a remarkable
Winter in many respects. Very little snow fell in the latitude of ,
Washington, little or no ice was harvested south of New York City,
and the mean Winter temperature was many degrees above the
normal. Peach buds began to swell in January, and many trees
blossomed in February. The orchards of upper Maryland and
Delaware were in full blossom March 31st, several weeks earlier than
usual. The mild weather seems to have greatly favored the multi-
plication of this peach aphis. I first heard of it on the branches
about Christmas, and received the first specimens January 7th from
Still Pond, Maryland. These Winter colonies continued on the
branches until Spring opened.

=

In the Spring and early Summer of 1890, this aphis was again
in the orchards wherever I went, and in much larger numbers than
the. year before. It was also sent to me, or reported to me, from
southern New Jersey, Virginia, the west shore of the Chesapeake in
Maryland, and from southern parts of the Chesapeake and Delaware
peninsula, which I was unable to visit. I could not, however, learn
of its presence in any part of the extreme South, although I made
diligent inquiry of many peach growers, and supplemented this by
personal observation during June and July in the orchards and nur-
series of middle Georgia. In Delaware and Maryland, and parts
of New Jersey and Virginia, this aphis was reported everywhere to
be unusually prevalent and destructive. In April, when the leaf
buds were pushing, I saw them clustered upon so many shoot-axes,
and so compactly, as to kill young trees, and even very considerable
branches upon older trees. They were especially destructive to
nursery trees and to orchards just planted. I saw one nursery in
which at least 100,000 trees had been killed outright in two or three
weeks’ time. I also heard of half a dozen large nurseries which
were entirely destroyed or very seriously affected, and of orchard-
ists who will be compelled to replant hundreds of trees.

In the upper part of Maryland and Delaware, these aphides
were less destructive than on the sandy lands of Sussex, Caroline,
Calvert, and other southern counties. Toward the end of May they
had almost disappeared, owing in part, at least, to the attacks of
Coccinellidze and other enemies. By mid-Summer they had disap-
peared completely, but were to be found on the roots as usual.

There can be no doubt, I think, as to the identity of the erial
and subterranean forms. They are alike in every important par-
ticular,—in structure as well as in color. Indeed, it would puzzle
any one to tell whether a given specimen came from above ground
or below. I have found colonies of identical appearance, macro-

. scopically and microscopically, on outer limbs, on short spurs of

main branches, on the trunk near the earth, on the collar just be-
neath the surface, and on all parts of the root system. Moreover,
there are biological as well as morphological reasons for believing
the two forms identical.

This aphis is visited by several ants, and is specially fostered by
Lasius claviger Roger, a yellow species. These ants live in the
earth of peach orchards, and I have seen them carry the under-
ground form from place to place when the roots have been disturbed.
If they do this when the aphides are molested, they undoubtedly do
it at other times; and, if such are their habits under ground, very

aa 204—

likely the aphides are also carried to parts above ground, which
these ants also frequent. That they actually bring the aphides out
of the earth has not been established by observation, but there. can
be no reasonable doubt. It is probable that many, at least, of the
colonies which appear on the parts above ground in the early Spring
have not come from Winter eggs, but from the root-infesting pseu-
dogynze. I believe this to be true for the following reasons: 1, The
wingless viviparee are to be found on the roots at this season in com-
pany with an ant which takes a very special interest in them; 2, The
same form generally appears above ground first upon short spurs
which have recently grown from the trunk and lower branches near
the earth, and migrates to remoter parts of the tree only after several
days or weeks; 3, In the Spring of 1890, in an old, root-infested
orchard, they appeared upon the chance seedlings which were com-
ing up all over the orchard, just as soon as they did upon the older
trees. This orchard was plowed a few weeks previous, after which
the stones germinated and the seedlings pushed through the fur-
rows. They attacked the young plants as soon as they reached the
surface of the earth, and probably before. I examined a great many
of these tiny seedlings and found every one infested. At this time,
in this orchard, colonies were just beginning to appear upon short
succulent growths on the trunk and lower limbs, but none could be
found upon the upper and outer limbs until considerably later.
There is no reason to suppose that the colonies which I found on
the seedlings at the surface of the earth and under it, crawled from
the distant tops of the older trees, or were carried from them. It
is much easier to think of them as coming from the infested net-
work of roots only a few inches away. In both cases I think the
aphides crawled out of the earth, or were brought out by the yellow
ant.

I first collected the winged viviparous form at Still Pond, Md.,
in April, 1889. Soon afterwards I took it at Dover, Del., and con-
tinued to find it till June. In 18go, it was sent to me from Calvert
County, Md., as early as April 14th. At Dover I could find none
until April 23d, and even then those which I obtained were from a
limb plucked three days previous and kept in the house, where it
dried up gradually. The disappearance of the food supply probably
hastened the metamorphosis, for there were none on the branch
when it was brought in, and none to be found in the orchards until
some days later. At Still Pond I found it abundant from May 5th
to rgth. It was also plentiful at this time in orchards around Dover.
A few days later I saw it in Caroline County, Md., but both forms
. were then becoming scarce.

Prof. Uhler believes the eggs are deposited in Autumn under
the bud scales. I have not observed these, nor taken the male or
female. The Autumn forms are probably not very abundant, save
in exceptional years or locations.

This aphis has been called ‘‘ The peach phylloxera,’’ and the
injuries due to it are very considerable. The ‘‘ Yellows’’ itself has
been ascribed to it, but on insufficient evidence. On the whole, it
is more to be dreaded than the borer or the curculio. Often, how-
ever, its ravages are overlooked or ascribed to other causes, because
they are carried on underground. But when, owing to favorable
seasons or other causes, they appear above ground in great numbers,
as in 1874 or 1890, they attract general attention and cause much
alarm.

After one season in the orchards I could pick out root-infested
trees with little difficulty. Generally, such trees are badly dwarfed,
and make only a feeble, sickly growth. The leaves are light green
or yellowish, more or less rolled at the margins, and red or purple
spotted from the attacks of fungi. Frequently I have seen three-
year old trees so badly infested that they were only a little larger
than when set. The farmer prunes, tills, and coaxes such trees to
no purpose. They will not thrive. If this sort of root pruning is
pushed far enough, z.e., if the aphis is very abundant, the tree dies
outright. Frequently, another tree set in its place succumbs in the
same way, and another still, so that certain portions of the orchards
get the evil reputation of being ‘‘dead spots,’’ yet such spots are
not ‘‘dead’’ to vines or other fruit trees.

As already stated, nursery trees and young orchards are espe-
‘cially subject to injury by this aphis. . If orchards pass through
their first two years in safety, they become so vigorous that later
attacks are not very harmful. The greater part of the mischief is
done soon after planting, or at least before the trees are extensively
rooted. I have known orchards in which several hundred trees
were killed the first or second season, and have heard of many such.
In most of these cases the roots were badly infested, while the parts
above ground were not molested. Very badly infested orchards also
occasionally outgrow the injury and become profitable. I have
known of several.

The wide spread occurrence of this insect under ground will
account for much of the trouble experienced in starting new orchards
in certain old peach regions. Very few peach growers have any
adequate notion of its prevalence. Extensive observation has con-
vinced ‘me that few orchards along the Atlantic coast from New

—206—

Jersey to Virginia are wholly exempt from it. In connection with
this fact lies the explanation of another one now generally accepted
by Maryland and Delaware growers, viz.: that young trees do not
thrive when set in old orchards, or in their immediate vicinity. This
statement appears to be true; and yet it is in marked contrast to the
experience in Michigan, where, for more than ten years, thousands
of young trees have been set successfully in place of old trees which
were removed on account of yellows or for other reasons. I can
only explain this contradiction by supposing the insect to be rare in
Michigan. Along the Atlantic coast this aphis deserts the roots of
old trees for the more succulent tissues of young ones whenever
there is an opportunity. If it were abundant in Michigan the re-
sults of replanting would probably be much less satisfactory and
more in harmony with the experience of eastern peach growers.

Save in exceptional years, when young orchards have suffered
seriously, and when whole nurseries have been destroyed, the injury
to the parts above ground is inconsiderable. The Spring of 1890
was one of these exceptional periods. The aphis appeared before,
or soon after the buds germinated, and was so abundant that hun-
dreds of shoot-axes dried up and died before they were one-half an
inch long. After a few weeks all of the older trees got the start of
the aphides, but even on these I saw limbs one-fourth of an inch in
diameter which died, because all of their growing buds had been
destroyed.

Frequently, for years together, this aphis is not common enough
above ground to attract any attention. Then, for a season or two,
it will be very abundant.

Although I have not seen it in New Jersey, that is only because
I have not traveled there extensively. It is well known to Jersey
peach growers, and especially to nurserymen living in the middle
and south part of that State, where, in time past, it has done great
injury, and where it appeared this year in very considerable numbers.

Undoubtedly this aphis is often transported with nursery stock.
Being on the roots when the trees are dug and packed, there is no-
thing to prevent its transportation. Indeed, unwittingly, I introduced
it myself into one locality in Michigan along with nursery trees from
Maryland, not, however, into a peach region. The next season it
appeared on the branches and roots, but only upon the introduced
trees. The same season, many miles distant, at South Haven and
St. Joseph, in the southwestern part of the State, I saw peach-trees
with the peculiar stunted appearance which I have so frequently seen
in the East. I pointed out this similarity to various gentlemen, and,

upon examining the roots, we found the black aphides as I had pre-
dicted. None of these gentlemen had ever seen or heard of this
insect, nor could I find any Michigan peach grower who was better
informed. There were not many cases at either place, and all of
them were young trees recently introduced from New Jersey.

This-aphis seems to be a native of the United States. I can
find no account of it, or of anything like it, in European literature.
It is by far the most abundant of our peach aphides. In compari-
son, Myzus persice is very rare. I believe this insect was confined
originally to some native plant, and has migrated from that to the
peach, finding the latter more congenial. If so, what is this wild
plant? As stated already, careful search on the tops and roots of
many weeds proved fruitless. Additional examinations of hundreds
of cherry trees made in the worst infested peach districts of Mary-
land and Delaware, since the writing of Part I, brought to light no
new facts. There were some colonies of AZyzus cerasz7, but none of
this insect.

I did find it, however, upon the wild Prunus chicasa, and on
the cultivated wild goose plum. This was in Kent County and
Caroline County, Maryland, in May, but after the first part of this
paper was in type. I also saw it sparingly on Damsons and other
types of plum. On Prunus chicasa it was common on the roots as
well as the branches. From what was seen at that time and gathered
by inquiry, I infer that it is as much at home on the Southern wild
plum and its cultivated varieties as it is on the peach, but that it at-
tacks other types of plum only exceptionally. It is possible, there-
fore, that Prunus chicasa was the original food-plant of this injurious
insect, and that it has migrated to the peach in recent times.

The practical point for the fruit grower is to know how to de-
stroy the insect. i

There is probably no certain way of reaching the aphis under
ground, although some claim to have driven them away by the use
of very strong stable manure. When the trees have been stunted,
the best thing is to pull them out and plant others. I have some-
times thought an insecticide bath might be provided for dipping the
roots of suspicious trees before planting, but I have no suggestions
to offer.

When the insect is on the parts above ground it can be disposed
of effectually by procuring a force pump with a cyclone nozzle and
spraying the foliage with insecticides. ;

Charles Wright, of Seaford, Del., saved his nursery last Spring
by the application of strong tobacco water. One spraying sufficed.

aoe

Other nurseries in Sussex were nearly ruined, and from the great
abundance of the aphides he thinks his own trees would have been
destroyed but for very prompt action.

Prof. John B. Smith also informs me that he had excellent suc-
cess at Vineland, N. J., in the use of whale-oil soap,—one pound to
eight gallons of water. One spraying took off most of the aphides,
and another, a day or two after, finished the work without injury to
the foliage.

FIRE!

On the night of Friday, the 13th of September, a fire broke
out in the roof of the Brooklyn Institute, in whose building the
Brooklyn Entomological Society holds its meetings, and where were
stored its library, collections and publications.

In the building were also the collections of Prof. Julius E.
Meyer, and the library and collections of the assistant editor.

Prof. Meyer’s collection, an exceedingly valuable one of Le-
pidoptera, was slightly damaged. With the exception of a few
cases, injured by water, the collection proper is practically entire.
His boxes of duplicates were almost entirely destroyed.

The main part of the collection of the assistant editor was con-
tained in a large cabinet, the four doors of which were fortunately
closed, and it thus escaped injury. An immense mass of unarranged
and unmounted material, mostly in cigar-boxes, was more or less
injured. The water and the dampness of the week succeeding the
fire, damaged a large part of his library. The loss was estimated at
about $1000. No insurance.

The entomological collections of ‘the Institute, all of which
were insured, including those formerly the property of Dr. Calverley
and B. Jaeger, and of Maj. J. Carson Brevoort, were more or less
damaged, as were also several cases belonging to the Society.

The Society’s library, and its large stock of publications, were
uninjured, with the exception of a lot of current publications that
were in use in another room.

It was found necessary to remove all of the effects from the
Institute building, and they were soon moved a second time. Asa
consequence, the Society’s library and publications were necessarily
disordered, and it will be some time, it is feared, before they can be
rearranged.

Temporary quarters have been secured in the Hoagland Labo-
ratory, at the corner of Pacific and Henry Streets, Brooklyn, where
the Society will hold its meetings until further notice. F. H. C.

Preparatory stages of Heterocampa subrotata Harvey.

BY HARRISON G. DYAR.

The eggs were not observed, but I believe I have found the
larva in its first stage, which is as follows:

First StaGE.—Head depressed at the vertex, dark wine-red.
Width .6 mm. Body cylindrical, smooth and shining, but annulated
anteriorly. Feet normal, the anal pair elevated and rather long, the
claspers apparently aborted, or perhaps withdrawn in the ends of
the legs as in the mature larva. Cervical shield large, bearing a pair
of horns like antlers, three branched, the branches curved and di-
verging, with a shorter spur near the base of the horn, all dark
blackish brown. On joints 5-10, 12 and 13, from elevated shining
bases grow a pair of similar, but more slender horns, not branched,
but knobbed a little beyond the middle and bent, knobbed again at
the end and terminating in a hair; those on the last segments are
rather shorter, and all, with the anal feet, are dark blackish brown.
Body dark wine-red, finely streaked at the sides with yellow longi-
_ tudinally, paler ventrally. On joints 3 and 4 the streaks continue
over the dorsum, confluent in a dorsal band; on joints 8, 9 and 10
is a narrow yellow line between the bases of the horns, and on joint
11 a large bright yellow dorsal patch. Length about 7 mm.

SECOND STAGE.—Head subtriangular, notched on top, dark
wine-red. Mouth and triangular plate (clypeus) paler shaded;
maxillz black. Width 1.1 mm. From the cervical shield a pair
of branching horns with small spur, all relatively smaller than before,
the branches hardly more than large spurs, minutely transversely
creased, dark wine-red. The body-lacks all the other horns and the
anal feet are long. Body wine-red, finely streaked with yellow on
the sides, and also on the back on joints 3, 4 and 13. An inter-
rupted yellow dorsal stripe, widening on joints 10 and 11, and end-
ing abruptly at the end of joint 11, absent on joints 2, 5 and 7.
Anal plate and all the feet dark. As the stage progresses joints 2-4
become pale green, except a narrow wine-red dorsal line. The sub-
ventral region on joints 5, 6, 8 and g, and a broader area on joints
II-13 is pale greenish.

TuirD STAGE.—Head parabolic in outline, flat in front, and
notched a little at the vertex; wine-red, closely covered with little,
round, pale, yellowish spots, partly confluent posteriorly. In front
a broad, pale, yellow, vertical band, widening inferiorly to the width
of the base of the triangular plate, its sides once indented by the
red ground color-above the middle and the sutures also red. Labrum

=—210—=

and antenne pale; eyes black. Width 1.7 mm. The horns on
joint 2 are three spurred, wine-red, punctured; markings much as
in the last stage. A yellow dorsal band forms a triangular patch
on joint 2, narrows almost to obsoleteness on joints 3 and 4, widens
again on joints 5-8 and ends triangularly. It begins again in the
middle of joint 9 and widens on joints 10 and 11, where it ends ab-
ruptly, excavated so as to appear furcate. It is very narrowly and
faintly continued on joints 12 and 13, and is bordered on both sides
by a broad wine-red band, which contains fine yellow streaks, and
is continued twice downward to the feet, on joints 5 and 4 obliquely,
and on joints 7 and to straight. The rest of the body is pale green-
ish. Anal feet long, wine-red. Length 12 mm. _ As the stage
progresses, the markings approach those of the next stage.
FourTH STAGE.—Head shaped as before, dark red-brown, the
indented band in front pinkish; triangular plate white; antenne
yellow; a darker band on the head posteriorly, otherwise as before.
Width 2.1-2.6 mm. The body is nearly cylindrical, enlarged dor-
sally (arched) at joints 8 and g, and tapering thence to joint 13.
Anal feet long, not used in walking; two three-spurred cervical
horns red-brown, punctured, and tipped with a hair, only about
1.5 mm. long. Body leaf green, the dorsal band yellow between
the horns, elsewhere white, distinct. It widens posteriorly to joint
7, narrows abruptly to a point on joint 8, begins again on joint 9,
widening to joint 11, where it divides into two parts, which meet at
the anal plate, enclosing an elongated oval patch of the ground
color. Anal feet white above, brown below; three lateral brown
spots mottled with yellow, the first oblique on joints 4 and 5, nar-
row; second on joint 7 and partly on joint 8, large, extending from
the dorsal band to the foot of joint 7, darker subventrally; the third
smaller, on joint 10 a little oblique and not reaching either the foot
or dorsal band; some minute black spots over the lateral region.
Spiracles on joint 2 reddish. Thoracic feet brown, abdominal with
a fine brown band. Length 22 mm. i
FirtTH STaGE.—Head shagreened, purplish brown, the apices
of the lobes black. In front is a broad, pink, vertical stripe a little
irregular in outline, very narrowly divided by the darker central suture
and becoming white behindthe vertex. Triangular plate white, labrum
pinkish; maxillee black, antennz brown, their conical base yellow,
ocelli black. Width of head 3.3-3.8 mm. Cervical horns absent,
their places represented by a pair of minute tubercles bearing each a
single hair. The body is smaller at joints 5 and 6, enlarged dorsally
at joints 8 and 9g, and slopes again to joint 13. . Anal feet rather

—21 i

long, held out straight, their tips slightly retractile, but armed with
hooks. A white dorsal stripe finely margined with dark brown and
containing in its widest places a fine double line, is yellowish ante-
riorly on joint 2, widens on joints 4-6, and ends on joint 8. It
begins again on joint 9, yellowish; widens, forks on joint 11, the
parts converging on joint 13, and passing on to the anal feet, but not
meeting. Body leaf green, with many small black dots and three
purple-brown lateral patches mottled (especially the upper part of
the last two) with crimson or pale crimson, which later becomes
pale pink or cream color. The first on joints 4 and 5 upwardly ob-
lique, covering the spiracle on joint 5; the second large, on joints
7 and 8, covering the foot on joint 7, not reaching below the spiracle
on joint 8, but attaining the dorsal band; the third, on joint to,
covering the spiracle, downwardly oblique posteriorly and passing
on to the foot. Anal feet purplish, thoracic brown ringed with black,
abdominal tipped with brown. Spiracles yellowish centrally, broadly
brown outwardly. As the stage advances a diffuse, white, subdorsal
band appears on joints 8-10, tapering at each end and forming a
continuation of the widest places of the dorsal band, but narrowly
separated from it, or only partly confluent, but there is considerable
variation in this character in different examples; also a narrow white
dorsal line encroaches on the anterior part of the green patch formed
by the furcation of the dorsal band on joints 11 and 12, while the
anal plate, between the branches, is brown. The fine lines in the
white dorsal band become pulverulent, thus approaching in appear-
ance the numerous black dots of the lateral region. In the upper
part of the third lateral patch a round, cream-colored spot appears,
formed by the confluence of the mottlings. Length 30 mm.

Cocoon.—Formed under rubbish, or just under the surface of
the ground of silk and grains of dirt. It is thin and of no strength.

Pupa.—Cylindrical and slightly tapering. The cremaster con-
sists of two thick spines from an elevated base, curving sharply
outward and beset with several thorn-like branches. Body punc-
tured, cases smooth. Color dark red-brown, polished. Length
about 20 mm.; width 6 mm.

Duration of this stage: first brood, 14 days; second brood,
over Winter.

Foop-PLants.—Witch Hazel (Hamamelis), Hickory (Carya),
Maple (Acer), Birch (Betula), Dogwood (Cornus), and probably
others. The Witch Hazel seems to be the most usual food-plant,
and the larva is very inconspicuous upon this plant when seen from
above in spite of its bright markings, as it resembles the curled and

2 ee

discolored patches of the leaves, the green lateral part of the body
joining nicely to the edge of the leaf, where the larva rests. From
below, however, it is readily seen, as it does not harmonize with the
pale under sides of the leaves, but as it is not likely to be looked at
from below, especially by birds, it would readily escape observation.
The structure of the anal feet is interesting, as illustrating the
first stage in the development of s¢emapoda. They are rather long,
and, though furnished with hooks, the ends can be withdrawn, just
concealing the hooks as is constantly done by the larva without ap-
parent cause. A series might be made beginning with this species
through Heterocampa unicolor and H. marthesia to Cerura.*
Larve from Dutchess County, N. Y.

A NEW MORRISONIA.

BY JOHN B. SMITH.

Morrisonia rileyana sp. nov.—Head, thorax and primaries, in ground color, *
grayish white, with a ferruginous tinge. Palpi with a strong admixture of
brown scales in their clothing. A rusty red-brown line crosses the front
below the antennz. Collar tipped with powdery black. Patagiz black,
powdery. Thoracic tufts tipped with rusty. Primaries with a broad, black,
longitudinal shade, running beneath the median vein to t. p. line, then broad-
ening to outer margin, which it reaches below the apex. Along the inner
margin an irregular, narrow, whitish border only, is left. A ferruginous spot
is in this black shade in the terminal space. Above this black shade the cell
is filled with a rusty wash, in which the reniform is very faintly outlined by a
narrow ring of the ground color. T. a. line geminate, vague, diffuse; trace-
able in costal region only. T. p. line geminate at inception, very oblique
outwardly through costal region, becoming punctiform below and traceable
through the black shade by pale venular dots. Secondaries white basally,
with a broad powdery black margin outwardly; a vague discal lunule, an
outer line of venular dots and a black, interrupted terminal line. Beneath
white, with ferruginous, and a sparse black powdering; a common puncti-
form outer line, and a black discal spot, most distinct on secondaries. Ex-
pands 31 mm.; 1.25 inches.

Flab.—F lorida.

I have seen two specimens of this species, one in Dr. Riley’s
collection (coll. U. S. Nat. Museum), the locality of which I do not
remember, and one from Mrs. Slosson, taken in Florida. The in-
sect is a strongly marked one, of the same general type of macula-
tion as in the remaining species, but yet evidently distinct. The
male characters have not been examined.

* See Packard, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. vol. xxiv, p. 549.

SYNOPSES OF CERAMBYCID&.

BY CHARLES W. LENG, B. S.
(Continued from p. 200, vol. vi.)

EURYPTERA Serville.

E. lateralis Oliv., 1795, Ent. iv, 73, p. 22, t. 3, fig. 37; Lec., 1850, J. A. P. ser.
2, i, p. 335; ciucta Hald., 1847, Trans. Am. Phil. x, p. 63; obso-
leta Hald., 1. c.; distans Germ., Ins. Spec. nov. 1824, p. 524;
Lec., 1. c.; marginicollis Dej., Cat. 3 ed. p. 381.
Length 9—10 mm.; .36—.4o inch. Hab.—Pa., Ky., La., Fla., Mass.

This insect is similar to the Lef¢ure in general appearance, and
is entirely black, except the mouth parts, sides of thorax above and
beneath, humeri and half the epipleuree red. Thorax narrowed in
front, posterior angles acute and distinct. Elytra densely punctulate.

)

Before entering upon the last great division of the family, it is
proper to mention certain species which have been discovered since
the tribes they enter were treated. These are:

Hypexilis pallida Horn, Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xii, 177.

Length .22 inch.; 5.5mm. AHaé.—Texas.

«Slender, pale ee Head across the eyes wider than the thorax,
surface coarsely punctured. Thorax elongate, one-third longer than w ide,
sides at apical third parallel, then gradually wider to two-thirds, arcuately
narrowing to base, which is slightly wider than the apex, disc slightly flattened
posteriorly, surface rather coarsely punctured and rugulose. Elytra wider
than the thorax, humeri distinct; sides straight, slightly converging; apices
separately paundedl suture at tip slightly dehiscent, disc rather flat, a vague
elevation from the humeri to near the tip; surface evenly and closely punctate,
more finely than the thorax. Thorax beneath coarsely, but sparsely punc-
tate; abdomen shining, very sparsely punctate.”’

Gracilia obliquata Horn, |. c. p. 174.

Length .20 inch.; 5 mm. AHad.—Texas.

‘‘Form slender, pale brownish testaceous, subopaque. Head behind
the eyes moderately coarsely punctate. Thorax oval, a little longer than
wide, slightly narrower at base than apex, sides moderately arcuate, disc
feebly convex, a vague median sulcus and one on each side, oblique, slightly
in front of middle ; surface moderately coarsely punctate. Elytra slightly
wider than the auras: sides parallel, apices separately rounded, disc subde-
pressed, a vague Se depression on each side from the humeri to the
suture; surface finely pubescent, rather sparsely punctate, the intervals very
finely granular, apices nearly smooth. Thorax beneath coarsely not closely
punctate; abdomen porate shining, very sparsely punctate. Femora
very strongly clavate.’

Necydalis barbare Rivers, Ent. Am. vi, p. 112.

Length 22 mm.; .87 inch. A/aé.—California.

The meme aae of this species having been gneRD Ey, printed jn
this journal, need not be here repeated.

—214—

Elaphidion cinereum Oliv., Ent. iv, 70, p. 69, pl. 8, fig. 102; Chev., Ann. Fr.
1862, p. 261; fuscatus Dej., Cat. 3 ed. p. 352.
Length .28—.44 inch.; 7—11 mm. Aaé.—Cuba, So. Fla., Key West.

This species was collected at Key West by the late Mr. Morrison.

‘Pale brown, clothed with dense gray pubescence; elytra marked with

a brown longitudinal line’ (Oliv). The antennal joints 3-7 are unispinose

_at tip, the thighs and elytral tips are unarmed. The femora are slightly more

clavate than is usual in Evaphidion. In addition to the brown elytral line

described by Olivier, there is usually a second line and an obscure cloud be-
hind the middle of the elytra and several brown lines upon the thorax.

Elaphidion lanatum Chev., Ann. Fr. 1862, p. 260.

Length 4—5.5 mm.; .16—.22 inch. ¥ab.—Cuba, So. Fla.

‘Elongate, convex, clothed densely with grayish white hair; antennz
with joints 3—10 bispinose, the spines decreasing in length. Thorax rounded,
marked with a smooth medial line and two small black anterior tubercles;
elytra moderately convex, declivous behind, quadrispinose; body beneath
and legs minutely and obsoletely irrorate with fuscous; 2.”

Has occurred with the preceding at Key West. Both species
have been identified by Dr. Horn.

Phymatodes juglandis n. sp.
Resembles P. decussatus Lec. differing by the coarsely punctate
elytra and the very oblique and angulate anterior elytral fascia.

Dark brown; antenne, underside and anterior portion of elytra lighter,
the latter bearing two fasciz, the anterior acutely angulate, the posterior
broader, oblique and arcuate; the entire insect clothed with long fine hair,
distantly placed, except on the elytral fasciz. Head and thorax coarsely
punctate, elytral punctures very strong. Thorax rounded and somewhat
protuberant at sides, moderately convex on the disc; elytra parallel to one-
third, thence slightly arcuately expanded to near the apex, which is broadly
rounded, flattened on the disc. Antennz <j about two-thirds as long, 2
about half as long as the body.

Length 4.5—6.5 mm.; .18—.26 inch. 7aé.—Los Angeles, Cal.

Several specimens sent by Mr. D. W. Coquillet to Dr. Horn,
and by him kindly given to me. It is believed to live on the Cali-
fornia Butternut ( /uglans californica).

CORRESPONDENCE.

In Mr. Leng’s very valuable synopsis of Leptuva which ap-
peared in the October number of ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA, the
rarity of L. plebeja Rand. is noticed. I have seen several examples
from various parts of Canada, and have one in my collection, all of
which were females. There is no good description of the species,

and Dr. LeConte’s two lines in the synopsis referred to, reproduced
by Mr. Leng, are all that can be depended on for its differentiation.
The female has the last ventral segment convex, elongated, not
greatly narrowed to apex, depressed posteriorly in the middle, and
deeply, broadly, nearly rectangularly emarginate ; the sides not
being depressed project backwards like blunt horns, their apices
with stiff hairs.

In regard to L. hematites and exigua, Mr. Leng has overlooked
(it is to be regretted) Dr. Horn’s latest determination from an ex-
amination of the types in the British Museum, according to which
the species should be thus tabulated.

L. exigua Newm., saucia Lec.

L. nana Newm., prothorax and elytra concolorous.

var. hematites Newm., prothorax dull red.

See Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. xv, 301; Can. Ent. xxi, 32, 108.

In this connection it may not be amiss to state that there are
two races of L. vibex Newm.—one with the thorax entirely black,
and one with it entirely yellow rufous—found separately in different
localities. JoHN HAMILTON.

** * * *

Dr. Hamilton is quite right, and I am sorry, because it is an
important error. The subjoined note may be added as a postscript
to what he says, and will save the reader hunting up references.

“LL. exigua Newn.—Antennz piceous, the basal joint yellow; anterior
femora entirely, the middle and posterior yellow at base. Terminal ventral
segment of female with a slight tuberosity near the apical margin. This spe-
cies may have the thorax entirely piceous, usually it has the entire margin
yellow. The disc is also more densely punctured than in ana, while the
form of the thorax is shorter and broader. JZ. saucia Lec. is synonymous.”’

““L. nana Newn.—Antennz always piceous. Anterior femora and base
of middle yellowish. Terminal ventral segment of female simple.”

‘* This species varies in color. The upper surface is often entirely
piceous. By far the larger number I have seen have a reddish tho-
rax, constituting the variety hematites Newn. One specimen before
me is piceous, with the head reddish yellow’’ (Horn, Trans. Am.
Ent. Soc. xv; p. 301).

L. aspera Lec.—Mr. O. S. Westcott, of Chicago, has called
our attention to a discrepancy in the synoptic table, in reference to
this species, to correct which the words ‘‘ except asfera’’ should be
added to Section E on p. 186. It has been taken abundantly in
British Columbia, and bears out the description made from a few
specimens, being very black, and the elytra rough at base.

C. W. LENG.

—216—
PREPARATORY STAGES OF SAMIA CYNTHIA Dr.
BY WILLIAM BEUTENMULLER.

EGG.—Oval, creamy-white, covered with an olivaceous green
substance, used to adhere the egg to the leaf. Length 1.6 mm.
Duration of this stage fourteen days. Laid in small masses of about
twelve on the underside of leaf. Total number of eggs laid about
250.

YounG Larva.—Head jet-black, shiny, smooth, mouth parts
yellowish brown, mandibles pitchy brown; cervical shield black.
Body yellow, with a series of two rows of black tubercles along the
dorsal region, and one row along the subdorsal and another row
along the sides below the spiracles also black All the tubercles
have at the apex three or four small spines, each bearing a rather
long, sordid white hair. Along the spaccs between each row of
tubercles, is a row of black spots. Body beneath yellow, thoracic
feet shiny, black; abdominal legs concolorous with the body, but
with a black corneous patch on the outerside of each. Over the
head are also scattered a few sordid white hairs. Length 2.50 mm.
Length two days old, 3 mm.; three days old, 5 mm.; four days
old, 7 mm.; five days old, 7 mm.; getting ready to moult.

AFTER First Moutt.—No perceptible change from the pre-
vious stage, except that the cervical shield is now concolorous with
the body. Length 8 mm. (six days old) ; seven days old, 9 mm.;
eight days old, 10 mm.; getting ready to moult.

AFTER SECOND Moutt.—All the tubercles in this moult are
now yellow, except the lateral row remaining black. Head yellow,
with a black spot on each side of thé anterior part; mandibles pitchy
black, otherwise the same as the preceding moult. Length 12 mm.
(nine days old); ten days old, 14 mm.; eleven days old, 16 mm.;
twelve days old, 19 mm.; thirteen days old, 21 mm.; getting ready
to moult.

AFTER THIRD Mou.tt.—The body color is now pale whitish
green, as are also the tubercles, except those along the side black,
with their extremities whitish. Head and cervical shield yellowish
green. Anal plates also yellowish green, margined with blue; under-
side greenish; also all the feet. The body and tubercles covered with
a white powder. Length 23 mm. (fourteen days old); fifteen days —
old, 25 mm.; sixteen days old, 27 mm.; seventeen days old, 30
mm.; eighteen days old, 32 mm.; nineteen days old, 35 mm.;
getting ready to moult. |

ad
——2 ig

AFTER FourtH Moutt.—No difference, except that the body
is somewhat deeper in color. Length 38 mm. (twenty days old);
twenty-one days old, 40 mm.; twenty-two days old, 43 mm.;
twenty-three days old, 46 mm.; twenty-four days old, 48 mm.;
getting ready to moult.

AFTER FIFTH, THE Last MouLt.—Body pale green, with the
extremities of all the tubercles bright blue and the bases yellowish
green. The row of tubercles along the sides black. Head and
cervical shield same as in previous moult, also the anal plates.
Thoracic feet yellowish green; abdominal legs with a bright blue
patch at the base of the outerside of each. Length 50 mm. (twenty-
five days old); twenty-six days old, 52 mm.; twenty-seven days
old, 54 mm.; twenty-eight days old, 56 mm.; twenty-nine days
old, 58 mm. ; thirty days old, 60 mm.; thirty-one days old, 62 mm. ;
full grown.

Foop-PLants.—Ailanthus (Hop-tree), Tulip-tree, Barberry,
Linden, Maple, Wild Cherry, Plum, Spireze, Sweet Gum, Dog-
wood, Sassafras, Spicebush, Nannyberry, Holly and Caster-oil plant;
also said to feed on Sumac, Pimpernel, Honey-suckle, Spindletree,
Bitter-sweet, Laburnum, Willow and Celery.

ee
Note on the genus Protenor Stal.
By E. BERGROTH, Forssa, Finland.

In his ‘‘ Check List’? Mr. Uhler has quoted the genus Ze¢rar-
rhinus Prov. asa synonym of Protenor Stal. In his faunistic work
on the Hemiptera of Canada, p. 335, Mr. Provancher protests
against this synonymy in saying: ‘‘ M. Ashmead a confondu ce genre
avec le Protenor de Stal, mais ce dernier dit du Protenor: articulo
primo antennarum capitis apicem haud attingente.’’

This is a falsification of Stal’s description. Stal says (Ofv. Vet.
Akad. forh. xxiv, 1867, p. 543): ‘‘antennis — - articulo primo capite
paullo breviore.’’ There is, of course, quite another meaning in
these words than in the ones substituted by the learned abbot, and
there can be no doubt that Mr. Uhler was right in uniting Ze¢rar-
rhinus quebecensis Prov. with Protenor Belfragei Hagl.

oO ,

‘‘ Among the Moths and Butterflies,’’ is the title of a new book
for young folks, by Julia P. Ballad author of ‘‘ Insect Lives.’’ To
quote a newspaper book review: ‘‘it is so fascinating that every
child who reads it will at once oe to make a collection of cater-
pillars and cocoons.’ Oe 2 Be Oe

11*

—218—

Spider's Web Cloth.—A new industry has sprung up by which
spiders are added to the list of insects of importance in arts and
industries, as witness the following excerpts from the Washington
Post: An Englishman, named Stillbers, it is said, has actually made
a cloth of spiders’ web which has been employed for purposes of
surgery, and has gone quite extensively into its manufacture.

The spiders are obtained from tropical countries, mostly from
Africa and South America, and are very large. A peculiar feature
of the business is that the spiders spin the best web when they are
intoxicated. To accomplish this a liquid composed of chloroform,
ether and fusil oil is allowed slowly to evaporate in the room where
the spiders are housed, and they are thus kept constantly in a mild
state of intoxication. The little creatures are placed in octagonal
cases, and are fed on insects of various kinds. In one room there
are some 5000 of these cases. The spiders lay their eggs, and about
the latter spin cocoons. These cocoons are gathered, and are pre-
pared for weaving by some such processes as are undergone by the
cocoon of the silk-worm. The weaving itself is a closely guarded
secret. Each cocoon is said to yield twenty-five to one hundred
yards of thread. The texture of the woven material resembles,
somewhat, ordinary silk, and after it is bleached it becomes brilliant
and smooth. Pils:

Eristalis tenax has been unusually common in this vicinity
during the year. It has been aptly termed the ‘‘drone-fly,’’ not
alone by virtue of its resemblance to the male honey bee, but on
account of its habits. A large portion of its time appears to be
spent simply in idling, flitting about from one flower to another with
no apparent purpose in view.

Bs EG,
0

Zeuzera esculi ( pyrina) mentioned in a previous number (p.
31) as occurring at Newark and Arlington, N. J., has been taken in
Central Park, N. Y. City, by Mr. Beutenmiiller, and during the
Summer I found it also at Orange, N. J., at electric lights. Al-
though the insect has been known for a number of years in this
country, its spread has been inconsiderable. The addition of Cen-
tral Park and Orange increase the radius of its occurrence ‘to only

about fifteen miles.
FAG:

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREPARATORY STAGES
OF DATANA ANGUSII G. and R.

BY WM. BEUTENMULLER.

Ecc.—Ovoid, white, with the base slightly flattened; laid in
small masses of about thirty, on the underside of leaf.

YounG Larva.—Head and cervical shield jet-black, shining.
Body greenish brown, with the second and third segments claret-
red above and below. This color is also present on the dorsal
region of the sixth, seventh, eighth and eleventh segments. The
four stripes along each side of the body are pale lemon-yellow, ex-
cept where they are obscured by the claret-red color. The stripes
on the underside of the body are also pale lemon-yellow. All the
stripes are equidistant, and as broad as the intervening spaces.
Thoracic feet jet-black; abdominal legs same color as the body;
anal clasps jet-black, shining. Length 3 mm. Duration of this
stage about six or seven days.

AFTER First Moutt.—The ground color in this stage is now
somewhat darker, as is also the claret-red color of the segments as
described in the young larva. Length 6 mm. Duration of this
stage six days.

AFTER SECOND Moutt.—The body in this stage is of a pur-
plish brownish color, with the stripes somewhat narrower than the
intervening spaces. The claret-red color is now quite faint and suf-
fused with the ground color. Body beneath same as above, with
the abdominal legs concolorous with a black corneous patch on the
outerside of each. Length 9 mm. Duration of this stage eight
days.

AFTER THIRD Moutt.—The stripes are now considerably nar-
rower than the intervening spaces, and the body somewhat deeper
in color, the cervical shield blackish, and abdominal legs pinkish.
Length 16mm. Duration of this stage nine days.

AFTER FourTH, THE Last MouLt.—Head and cervical shield
jet-black, shining. Body black, with the four now pale yellow
stripes along each side very narrow, all being much narrower than
the intervening space. The three stripes on the underside are also
now pale yellow; the one along the middle is the broadest, and the
one on each side being broken by the legs; the intervening spaces
much wider than those above. Thoracic feet jet-black; abdominal
legs reddish, with the extremities black. On the fourth, fifth, tenth
and eleventh segments are two reddish patches. Body with sparsely
distributed, sordid white hairs, which are also present in all the pre-

2205

ceding stages. Length 30mm. Full grown larva 55 mm. _ Dura-
tion of this stage not observed. .

Foop-PLANTS.—Various species of Hickories, Walnut, Butter-
nut and Beech.

Sel

A NEW COPIPANOLIS.
BY JOHN B. SMITH.

Copipanolis stigma sp. nov.—Head, thorax and primaries deep brick-red;
palpi paler. Primaries with a slight admixture of yellowish scales, most evi-
dent along costal region. Median lines vaguely marked, scarcely defined;
ordinary spots yellowish white; orbicular small, round; reniform moderate
in size, rather irregular. Secondaries whitish at base, with reddish powder-
ings, becoming more dense outwardly. Beneath somewhat paler than above,
more obviously yellow powdered. Expands 1.15 inches ; 29 mm.

Flab.—F lorida.

A single male specimen from Mrs. Slosson’s collection. The
species is like cwéz/7’s in ground color, but lacks the distinct median
lines, and, on the contrary, has the ordinary spots distinct, con-
‘trasting, yellowish white. In structure and habitus it otherwise
resembles the typical species closely.

=_

SOCIETY NEWS.

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SocliETY.—September 2d. The meeting
was occupied by an exchange of collecting and other entomological expe-
riences. Mr. Dietz gave an account of the field meeting at Jamesburg, and
Mr. Chittenden exhibited a series of rare species of Coleoptera, principally
Carabidz, taken at an electric light at Orange, N. J., in June.

October 7th.—Meeting at the Hoagland Laboratory. The time was
largely taken up by business matters, much of it due to the fire, which de-
stroyed part of the Brooklyn Institute building, and necessitated a removal
of the property and effects of the Society. Fortunately, the Society’s loss
was slight.

Prof. Smith called attention to a series of studies on the mouth parts of
Diptera, made by himself, and presented in outline a new nomenclature of
parts, homologizing the lapping with the mandibulate mouth, and he told
how the latter had become transformed into the former, all the steps being
still traceable. A. C. WEEKS,

Recording Secretary.
NOTICE.
Publications received as exchanges, or as donations to the So-
ciety’s library, should be addressed in future to the
BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY,
Hoagland Laboratory,
Brooklyn, N. Y.

NTO UCI
AMERIGANA

VOL. VI. BROOKLYN, DECEMBER, 1890. No. 12.

REVIEW OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES
OF BYTHOSCOPUS.

BYE. 2. VAN DUZEE.

Genus BYTHOSCOPUS Germar.*

Head with the eyes as wide as the pronotum. Vertex short, of nearly
equal length across its whole width, much deflexed and confounded with the
front in a common convexity. Ocelli placed on the front of the face opposite
the middle of the eyes, to which they are a little more approximated than to
the hind margin of the vertex. Antenne rather short, inserted under a
prominent oblique ledge. Front in the 9 rather convex, apex broad, form-
ing a rounded lobe each side of the base of the clypeus. Clypeus broad,
ovate, suddenly contracted at the base, narrowed to the apex, where the sides
are somewhat compressed around the base of the rostrum. Lorz long and
narrow, a little tumid. Cheeks narrow, forming a slender margin beyond the
lorze, but not attaining the apex of the clypeus. An oval, minutely punc-
tured area occupies each side of the front basally. In the <j the lorze and
base of the clypeus are confused with the greatly swollen apex of the front,
obliterating the sutures and imparting a square appearance to the face. Pro-
notum moderately convex, anterior margin rounded, posterior concave;
lateral angles not prominent; latero-posterior angles rounded; surface cov-
ered with transverse ridge or rugose punctures arranged somewhat obliquely
behind the eyes. Scutellum large, with a transverse impressed line before
the apex and a nearly smooth area within the basal angles. Elytra surpassing
the abdomen a little, the suture straight; costa feebly convex; membrane
without an appendix; texture submembraneous, nervures commonly distinct;
ordinarily there are one basal, two discal, three anti-apical and five apical
areoles. Wings membraneous, nervures distinct, supernumerary cell wanting
(see ENT. AMER. Vv, p. 166).

* For generic synopsis see ENT. AMER. v, p, 166, September, 1589.

ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA, Vol. VI. 12 DECEMBER, ISgo.

222-3

Genital characters: J/aze.—Ultimate ventral segment similar in form to
the penultimate. Pygofers together broad oval, their suture nearly straight;
the anal opening rather small, ovate. Styles slender, flaccid, about half the
length of the pygofers. Plates a little longer than the styles, narrow, ligulate,
slightly contracted toward their base and curved to correspond to the form
of the pygofers, sparingly ciliated with soft hairs.

Female.—Ultimate ventral segment various in form, affording good spe-
cific characters. Pygofers rather slender, about as long as the venter, without
bristles in our species.

The species of this genus exhibit but slight structural differences,
but are subject to great variation in color, this rendering them a
difficult group to study. They are well represented in my own col-
lection, and I have examined considerable material received from
correspondents, and believe our species are here pretty accurately
defined so far as they are known to me. Three of these—/enestratus,
minor and prunz, are very closely related, and will probably prove
to be but forms of a single variable species.. The males of most of
the species differ but little, and are difficult to separate without the
corresponding females. The male of sod77vs is unknown to me;
the sexes of variabilis, fenestratus and nigrinasi, | have taken 7m
coitu; of distinctus there can be no question, and the males of cog-
natus, minor and prunz, | think are correctly referred.

Two described North American species of this genus are still
unknown to me, viz.: fag7 Fitch and flavus Walker, and there are
doubtless many undescribed forms yet to be brought to light by our
collectors. In geographical distribution this genus is largely boreal,
such species as do occur in the South seeming to be mountain-loving
forms. All the species that have thus far passed through my hands
are to be found in western New York. They live on trees, from
which they can best be obtained by beating over an umbrella.

I am greatly indebted to Mr. P. R. Uhler for the loan of his
very valuable material in this genus, and as well to my other corre-
spondents who have responded so generously to my application for
material.

The following synoptic table is based largely on the form of the
ultimate ventral segment of the female, and is intended solely for the
species hereinafter described:

Synopsis of the Species.
1. (2) Elytra with four apical and two anti-apical areoles; brown or piceous,
elytra maculated, beneath yellow . ... . - 3. distinctus.
(1) Elytra with five apical and three anti-apical areoles.
(6) Last ventral segment truncated, rounded or subtriangular, with an
apical notch, but without projecting teeth.

N

S

= —eee

(5) Last ventral segment short, with a broad shallow notch. 8. nigrinasi.
(4) a. Last ventral segment long, rounded, with a deep notch; -j black,
2 sulphur-yellow, commonly marked with black. 1. variabilis.

6. Last ventral moderately long, Eke ene with a shallow notch,
color fulvous brown . . . sour. Ser Oe

6. (3) Last ventral segment produced in a more or ee distinct tooth each
side of the apical notch.

(8) Last ventral segment cylindrical, notch widened, almost obsolete, the
short teeth when present incurved, disc with a broad, shallow
depression; gray, elytra subhyaline, maculated on the suture.

4. cognatus.
8. (7) Last ventral segment more or less distinctly triangular, with the apical
teeth usually distinct.

g. (12) Elytra clouded, fenestrate with subhyaline &.
10. (11) Pale fulvous, or cinereous-fulvous; last ventral segment shorter, teeth
Sintalt et ee a ee ee te
11. (10) Cinereous, or fulvous- Gena feat tentgal segment longer, teeth large.
5. fenestratus.
12. (9) Elytra hyaline, nervures brown, a discal spot, and commonly the apex,
clouded; vertex piceous, with a yellow band connecting the ocelli.
6. pruni.

we

a |

1. Bythoscopus variabilis Fitch.

Q Athysanus do., Fitch, Homop. N. Y. State Cab. p. 60, 1851; Trans. N.
Y. State Agric. Soc. xviii, p. 853, 1858; Rathvon, Mombert Hist.
Lancaster County, Pa., p. 551; Packard, U. S. Ent. Com. Bulletin
No. 7, p. 128 (after Fitch); Smith List of Ins. of N. J. p. 446, 1890.

Bythoscopus do., Walk., List of Homop. iii, p. 876; Provancher, Petit
Faun. Ent. du Can. p. 289, 1889 (erroneously written variegatus).
Pediopsis do., Van Duzee, List Muskoka Hemip. Can. Ent. xxi, p. 9, 1889.
Macropsis clitellarius Provancher, Nat. Can. iv, p. 877, 1872 (= var. D).

Sd Athysanus abtetis Fitch, Homop. N. Y. State Cab. p. 60, 1851; Trans,
N. Y. State Agric. Soc. xvii,,p. 748, 1857, and xviii, p» 854, 1858,
Rathvon, Mombert Hist. Lancaster County, Pa., p. 551; Packard,
U. S. Ent. Com. Bulletin, No. 7, pp. 129-235.

Bythoscopus do., Walk., List of Homop. iv, p. 1162.

Head closely punctured. Vertex short, with a longitudinal central ridge;
front more convex in the female than in the male, pronotum with fine, trans-
verse rugze; anterior disc of the scutellum minutely punctured, apical field
transversely striate; ultimate ventral segment of the 2 long, produced pos-
teriorly with a deep central notch. Length 5 mm.

Color: Male.—Piceous black; head yellow, apex of the front, a band on
its base and another on the base of the vertex black, the two latter frequently
confluent at their ends; hind edge of the pronotum and a band on the ante-
rior submargin which may be extended over most of the disc as a suffused
cloud, yellow. Legs yellow, outer face of the posterior and sometimes the
anterior and intermediate tibize blackish. Commissural nervure with a yellow
spot; scutellum in pale examples with two diverging lines and the tip yellow.
Beneath yellow, sometimes varied with black.

Fremale.—‘ Sulphur-yellow; elytra commonly with an oblique black vitta,
then tips pellucid; vertex, thorax and scutel often fulvous or black’”’ (Fitch).
Tergum black, the segments edged with yellow.

Dr. Fitch notices six varieties, as follows:
Var. A.—Dull yellowish white throughout.
‘* B.—Bright sulphur-yellow throughout.
‘* C.—An oblique black stripe on each elytron.
‘““ —D.—Vertex, thorax and scutel tawny yellow.
‘* E.—Vertex and thorax tawny yellow, scutel black.
‘« “F,.—Vertex, thorax and scutel black.

To these I would add:

Var. G.—Ferruginous brown, clavus pale yellow.

The oblique black stripe mentioned in var. C follows the claval
suture, and may be present in any of the other varieties, and is
probably never absent in D, E, F and G, which thus show a regular
gradation in the extent of dark markings they exhibit.

This species occurs on birch, but does not appear to be com-
mon, at least not around Buffalo. May to July, Lancaster, N. Y.,
var. C, E, and F; Ridgeway, Ont., var. C, one pair zz cottu re-
ceived from Mr. A. H. Kilman; Ottawa, Ont., one ¢ kindly given
me by Mr. W. H. Harrington, has the scutellar and commissural
margins of the clavus bright yellow; Quebec, L’ Abbe Provancher
var. A, Cand D (= Macropsis clitellarius Prov.); Muskoka, Ont.,
July, 1888, var. A, C and G; New Haven, Ct., one & swept from
low bushes in a grove June 4, 1883. The pair kindly sent to me by
my friend, Mr. Kilman, was of special interest, as proving the iden-
tity of this species and adzeézs Fitch.

2. Bythoscopus sobrius Walk. List Homop. Insects iii, p. 874, 1851.

Testaceous yellow above, pale straw color beneath, elytra deep fulvous
brown, with a slight vinous tinge: vertex with an obsolete transverse yellow
vitta. Length 5 mm.

Face rather convex, closely punctured; vertex with an impressed line
above the ocelli and an obscure central ridge; base of the front with a faint
yellowish line; cheeks, lorze, apex of the clypeus and all beneath pale straw
yellow. Pronotum large, sloping quite strongly toward the head; finely
transversely wrinkled and punctured, with a calloused area behind the eye.
Elytra fulvous brown, commissural nervure obscurely alternated with pale.
Wings very faintly smoky, nervures brown; ultimate ventral segment of the
2 longer than the penultimate, apical margin rounded, notch small.

I am indebted to Mr. W. H. Harrington for a fine female ex-
ample labeled ‘‘ Ottawa, July 8th.’’ Another @ taken by myself
at Lancaster, N. Y., May 31, 1887, differs from this only in being
more cinereous in color; in the presence of a black dot above the

ocelli, a dusky line on the base of the front and on the posterior
margin of the dorsal segments of the abdomen, and in having the
elytra of a deeper brown color.

This large, plainly colored species is most closely related to
variabilis, to which it is allied by the form of its ultimate ventral
segment, its convex face and sloping pronotum, otherwise it is quite
distinct. Its rediscovery at Ottawa, by Mr. Harrington, is interest-
ing as placing in its systematic position one more of Walker's nu-
merous uncertain species.

3. Bythoscopus distinctus n. sp.

Pale yellow, or cinereous punctured with fuscous above, yellow beneath;
elytra subhyaline maculated with brown 9, or fuscous with a commissural
and large costal spot hyaline <j; apical areoles four, anti-apicals two. Length
3.5—4.5 mm.

Male.—Vertex, pronotum and scutellum punctured with fuscous. Pro-
notum more or less clouded within the posterior and lateral margins. Scu-
tellum marked with a triangular spot within the basal angles, the transverse
impressed line, two points before this and sometimes the median line black.
Elytra fuscous, darker on the clavus and apex of the corium and marked
with a whitish spot before the apex of the clavus and a larger costal spot on
the anti-apical areoles, costal nervure yellow. Wings subhyaline, nervures
fuscous. Beneath pale yellow, clouded with blackish on the pleural pieces;
legs pale, spines of the tibiz brown; tergum fuscous, segments edged with
yellow. Genitalia whitish, pygofers embrowned.

Female.—Commonly paler than the male, with fewer fuscous punctures
above; on the elytra the hyaline spots are more extended, or they may be
entirely subhyaline with two brown spots on the commissural margin of the
clavus and a shade on the apex of the corium.

In this species the vertex is short. the face, but feebly convex, the apex
of the clypeus rather narrow, rounded, and the margins a little reflexed, and
the head, pronotum and scutellum, are covered rather sparingly with large
punctures. Last ventral segment of the female long, cylindrical, with a dis-
tinct, but zavrow median groove, its apical margin feebly rounded and mi-
nutely notched on the middle. <

Described from five male and nine female examples. Buffalo,
one example swept from low bushes of Populus grandidentata July
10, 1889. Lancaster, N. Y., July and August. Niagara Falls, on
oak M. C. Van Duzee. Maryland, June 11th, and Illinois, Uhler.
Mt. Balsam, N. C., July, 1890, W. J. Palmer, Jr.

Although a very distinct species, the pale females bear some
resemblance to cognvatus, from which they may be distinguished by
the number of elytral areoles and the narrow groove of the ultimate
ventral segment.

—2260—

4. Bythoscopus cognatus n. sp.

Cinereous or greenish brown, coarsely punctured, elytra subhyaline,
alternated with brown and white along their suture; front blackish. Length
5 mm.

Vertex tinged with yellow; eyes and ocelli brown, front piceous or
brown; clypeus paler, its rounded apex yellowish; lore black, with a yellow
discal spot; cheeks black, with a marginal yellow cloud below the eye. Pro-
notum paler on the anterior margin, disc transversely wrinkled and punctured;
scutellum with the ordinary divergent pale lines and black discal dots, elytra
cinereous, subhyaline, with a brown cloud from the base of the anti-apical
areoles to tip of the clavus, sometimes extended to the apical margin, their
suture pale, alternated with fuscous. Wings slightly obscured, nervures
brown. Pectoral pieces piceous black, margined more or less broadly with
yellow. Legs and venter brown; connexivum, and sometimes the margin
of the ventral segment washed with yellow. Last ventral segment of the
female a little longer than the preceding, apical angles rounded, disc with a
broad, shallow, longitudinal depression, across which the apical margin is
slightly concave, teeth minute, depressed. Plates of the male stout, covered
with short hairs.

Described from two males and five female examples taken at
Muskoka, Ont., July, 1888. A pale greenish white 9 taken at
Lancaster, N. Y., May 31, 1877; is probably immature. This large
well marked form can be distinguished from our other maculated
species by its size, uniform cinereous coloring and the form of the
last ventral segment of the female.

5. Bythoscopus fenestratus Fitch.

Athysanus fenestratus Fitch., Homop. N. Y. State Cab. p. 60, 1851;
Trans. N. Y. State Agric. Soc. xviii p. 853, 1858; Rathvon, Mombert
Hist. Lancaster, County, Pa.; p. 551; Packard;. U. S. Ent; Con
Bulletin No. 7, p. 128 (after Fitch); J. B. Smith, List Insects of N. j.
p. 446, 1890.

Bythoscopus do., Walker, List of Homop. iv, p. 1162; Provancher, Petite
Faune Ent. du Can. iii, p. 289, 18go.

Pediopsis do., Van Duzee, List Muskoka Hemip. Can. Ent. xxi, p. 9, 1889.

Pediopsis flavescens Provancher, Nat. Can. iv, p. 376, 1872; Petit Faune
Ent. du Can. iii, p.-295, 1890.

Cinereous, or ferruginous brown, paler beneath; front usually discolored;
elytra more or less deeply infuscated, fenestrated with whitish hyaline.
Length about 4.5 mm.

Female.—Face finely punctured, ocelli connected by a pale yellowish
band, above and below which is a darker shade; front dusky, sometimes
almost piceous, with a smooth, paler area on either side; cheeks and sides
of the clypeus pale; eyes and ocelli brown. Pronotum finely transversely
wrinkled and punctured; scutel!um sometimes more deeply colored than the
pronotum, basai angles obscurely darker. Elytra grayish, fulvous, or even
deep fuscous brown; scutellar margin of the clavus, a spot near its apex,

another on the apex of the discal areoles, and a larger one on the anti-apicals
whitish hyaline. Wings subhyaline, nervures pale brown. Beneath yellow
or fulvous, sometimes obscured on the venter and marked with black on the
pectoral pieces, front of the femora and tibiz. Last ventral segment sub-
triangular, produced medially in two distinct, subacute teeth.

The male differs from the female only in being paler, at least on the front,
and in having the elytra of an almost uniform fulvous brown tint with hardly
a trace of the hyaline spots.

Buffalo, N. Y., June-August; Muskoka, Ont., July, 1888;
Ridgeway, Ont., A. AH. Kilman; Mt. Balsam, N. C., July 26, 1890,
W. J. Palmer, Jr. Lives on birch. It is subject to considerable
variation in the tint of its general color and the distinctness of the
fenestrate markings of the elytra. From the preceding species it
may be distinguished by the form of the last ventral segment of the
female, from prunz by its clouded elytra, and from sznzor by its
larger size, deeper color and the larger teeth of the last ventral
segment.

6. Bythoscopus pruni Prov., Petite Faune Ent. du Can. iii, p. 290, 1890.

Athysanus pruni Fitch, MS.

Cinereous or grayish yellow, punctured with fuscous; corium hyaline,
with the apex and a transverse spot fuscous; face yellowish; vertex banded
with black. Length 4-4.5 mm.

Face yellow; front and apex of the clypeus blackish in the female;
vertex black, with a broad yellow band connecting the ocelli; front and vertex
coarsely punctured, the latter slightly tumid on the middle. Eyes brown,
ocelli black. Pronotum yellowish cinereous, more or less obscured with
fuscous punctures and commonly showing two or three black points on the
calloused area behind the eye; surface with the transverse striz and scatter-
ing punctures more obvious posteriorly; scutellum cinereous, yellowish, or
sometimes ferruginous, marked as in dis¢izctus. Elytra hyaline, more or less
obscured, commissural nervure whitish, interrupted on its middle by a fus-
cous spot and with a smaller one at tip, nervures brown, apex of the corium
clouded with brown, the transverse nervures fuscous margined. Wings ob-
scurely smoky hyaline, nervures brown. Beneath yellow, pleural pieces
marked with black; tergum blackish, the segments pale margined. Legs
pale, spines of the hind tibize and a line on their face at base brown. Genital
characters as in fenestratus.

Described from ten males and four female specimens. Mus-
koka, Ont., July, 1888; Quebec, Provancher; Ottawa, Ont., Har-
rington; Saskatchewan, July 22d; White Mountains, ‘‘ subalpine’’
Scudder; Massachusetts and Maine. The specimens from the four
last mentioned localities were received from Mr. Uhler; that from
the White Mountains bearing the label ‘‘ Athysanus prun? Fh.”’
M. Provancher’s example came labeled ‘‘ Pediopsis cinctifrons,”’
which he afterward discarded for the one here employed.

—-220—

This species is very closely related to fenestratus, of which it
may prove to be the northern form. It can be best distinguished
by the black transverse bands on the vertex, the hyaline elytra and
the maculated scutellum. The similarity of genital characters would
seem to indicate something less than a specific difference.

7. Bythoscopus minor Fitch.
Athysanus minor Fitch, Homop. N. Y. State Cab. p. 60, 1851; Trans.
N. Y. State Agric. Soc. xvili, p. 583, 1858; Rathvon, Mombert Hist.
Lancaster County, Pa., p. 551; Packard, Bulletin No. 7, U. S: Ent.
Com. p. 128 (Fitch); J. B. Smith, List Insects of N. J., p. 446, 18go.

Pythoscopus do., Walker, List of Homop. iii, p. 876.

Pediopsis do., Van Duzee, List Muskoka Hemip. Can. Ent. xxi, p. 9, "89.

Macropsis ocellatus Prov., Nat. Can. iv, p. 377, 1872. 5

Pale yellowish, cinereous, or ferruginous brown; front dusky; elytra
fenestrate with hyaline; last ventral segment of female short, with two small
teeth on the hind margin. Length 4 mm.

Female.—Face coarsely punctured, leaving the smooth frontal areas
quite strongly contrasted, ocelli brown, sometimes conspicuous in pale ex~
amples, apex of the clypeus narrowed and somewhat produced; front some-
times embrowned as in wigrinasi; disc of the cheeks and margins of the
pectoral pieces and ventral segments paler, sometimes clear yellow; tergum,
disc of the pronotum, scutellum and elytra commonly more deeply colored;
the latter with a whitish spot next the scutellum, another on the discal areoles,
a larger one on the anti-apicals, and a feeble indication on the apex of the
clavus. In pale examples these spots are nearly obliterated. Wings whitish
hyaline, nervures concolorous. Last ventral segment but little longer than
the penultimate, hind margin but slightly produced medially, with a pair of
short, rather distant teeth, including a shallow notch.

A single male from Maryland has the elytra fulvous brown with
a slight vinous tinge and without hyaline spots, and the nervures of
the wings brown, otherwise like the female.

Buffalo, N. Y.; Muskoka, Ont.; Quebec, Provancher; Mary-
land and Massachusetts, Uhler. There can, I think, be no doubt
but that this is the insect described by Mr. Fitch as Athysanus minor,
but I have not seen his types, if indeed they still exist, and his brief
description will not admit of a positive identification. It is certainly
very near fenestratus, of which it may be a pale variety.

8. Bythoscopus nigrinasi Fitch.
Athysanus nigrinasi Fitch, Homop. N. Y. State Cab. p. 61, 1851; J. B.
Smith, List of Insects of N. J., p. 446, 1890.
Bythoscopus do., Walker, List of Homop. iv, p. 1162.
Color varying from pale yellowish cinereous to deep fuscous; legs yellow,
front embrowned; elytra normally marked as in_/exestratus; last ventral seg-
ment of the female bilobed on its apical margin. Length about 4 mm.

The color and the extent of the markings in this species is subject to
great variation; ordinarily the front, inner margin of the cheeks, a part at
least of the pectoral pieces, and a spot or ring near the apex of the femora
are fuscous or black. Dark examples have the disc of the discal and anti-
apical areoles, the base of the clavus and a spot before its apex whitish hya-
line. In pale examples the elytra are subhyaline with two transverse fulvous
or brown bands, more or less strongly indicated. Thus far the females.
The males are of a uniform dark brown or fuscous shade, with the vertex, a
transverse broad band on the front basally, and the the venter, soiled yellow;
the legs pale yellow, and a space on the commissural nervure near its apex
and sometimes another on its base whitish. In both sexes the face 1s less
convex than in fexestratus and its allies and the vertex is consequently shorter;
the pronotum is transversely rugosely punctured, the anterior margin slightly
calloused and behind the eye obscurely pitted and the scutellum is frequently
tinged with ferruginous. The last ventral segment of the female is rather
short and bilobate, or waved on its hind margin.

This is our most abundant species in western New York. I
have taken it in the vicinity of Buffalo, from June to August, and at
‘Rock City’’ near Salamanca, N. Y., Aug. 2, 1889, at an elevation
of 1677 feet. Mr. Kilman has kindly sent me examples taken at
Ridgeway, Ont., and I am indebted to Mr. W. J. Palmer, Jr., for
several examples taken on Mt. Balsam, N. C. From Mr. Uhler I
have received specimens labeled Grimsby (Ont. ?), Connecticut and
Maryland, one of which is a typical example of 2¢grznasi received
by Mr. Uhler direct from Dr. Fitch.

Although quite variable, this species can be readily aiceoneee
by the form of the' last ventral segment of the female, the blackish
front, and usually by the markings on the elytra. It lives on the
blue beech ( Carpinus americanus).

ABSCHIEDSWORTE.

With this notice, my editorial work on ENTOMOLOGICA AMERI-
CANA ceases. The business affairs of the journal have been, and
are such as to demand a constant personal attention, which I cannot
give. I have therefore concluded to relieve myself of possible
charges of neglect, and sometime since sent in my resignation to
the Society in such terms as to leave them no alternative but accep-
tance.

It is with feelings of regret that I take leave of those to whom
I have written so often, and I take this occasion to thank most
heartily those who, by their aid and sympathy, have enabled me to
attain such measure of success for the journal as has been its lot.

Joun B. Smiru.

Preparatory stages of Schizura leptinoides Grote.
BY HARRISON G. DYAR.

EGc.—Of the shape of the upper two-thirds of a sphere, flat
-below ; minutely punctured, shining, very pale greenish yellow.
Diameter 1 mm. Laid singly on the under surface of the leaf.
Duration of this stage, seven days.

Frrst LARVAL STAGE.—Head depressed at the vertex, pale
greenish yellow, the lower third shaded with sordid brownish.
Width .5 mm. The body is slightly elevated dorsally at joints 5 and
12 and bears small warts, one per segment, row one anteriorly in
subdorsal space, two subdorsal (these rows taken on each sidé form
the ‘‘ trapezoidal spots’’), three more rows laterally and one on the
bases of the legs, all small and bearing a few hairs. The warts of
row one on joint 2 are rather larger than the others. Color yellow-
ish green, joints 5 and 12 and the subventral space, except on joints
6 and 13 crimson; feet black, except the anal pair, and these are
elevated. Length, after hatching, 2.5 mm. Duration of this stage
three days. The larvee eat the parenchyma and not the whole leaf,
until the second stage.

SECOND LARVAL STAGE.—Head rather higher than wide, the
lobes rounded, dark wine red, blackish on the flattened front.
_Width 8 mm. Body a little enlarged dorsally at joints 5 and 12,
which, with the ventral and lateral regions, are dark brown. Dor-
sum brownish yellow, brighter on joints 3 and 4, and with a yellow
patch of triangular shape on joints ro and 11, ending abruptly on
joint 11 posteriorly. Warts as before, small, with a few hairs.
Length 5 mm. As the stage advances the whole body becomes
dark reddish brown, finely mottled with yellow, especially so at the
sides of joints 3 and 4 and dorsally on joints 6 and 7. On joint 10
is a small, bright yellow, oval patch, touching on joint 11 a larger,
hemispherical, similarly colored spot, containing four partly con-
fluent brown spots, its base toward the anal end, the contained spots
in a transverse row of three, with the fourth in front. Duration of
this stage four days.

THIRD LARVAL STAGE.—Head pale brownish, mottled with
brown; a broad dark vertical band extends from each side of the
mouth to the vertex of the lobe, once dentate inwardly above the
middle ; triangular plate and labrum pale. Width 1.3 mm. A
dorsal process on joint 5 surmounted by two tubercles and slighter
processes resembling humps on joints 8, 9 and 12. Besides the
dorsal tubercles that surmount the humps, there are two lateral and

two subventral rows of smaller ones, while on joint 13 there are two
tubercles in the dorsal rows. Body pale brown, heavily mottled
with blackish brown, especially in a broad dorsal band on joints 2
and 4, and laterally on joints 5 and ro. On joints 3 and 4, laterally,
is a subquadrate paler patch, yellowish above, and similar yellowish
marks dorsally on joints 6 and 7. The yellow patch on joints 10
and 11 is as before. A whitish ventral band on the last segments.
As the stage advances the lateral brown marks on joints 5-10 fade
into the ground color, leaving a narrow, black, subdorsal line and
all the yellow marks, except those on joints 10 and 11, disappear.
Duration of this stage four days.

FourtH LAarvAL STAGE.—Head shaped as before, very pale
brown, thickly and evenly mottled with little crinkled lines of dark
brown; a few hairs. Width 2.1 mm. Dorsal process on joint. 5
long, perpendicular in front, a little sloping behind, surmounted by
two whitish tubercles each bearing a hair. On joint 8 is a slight
elevation, on joint 9 a larger one, and a similar one on joint 12, a
little larger than that on joint 8, each surmounted by two tubercles
which, with those on the other segments, form row one of the first
stage. The lateral ones are also present, small, whitish, each bear-
ing a hair. Body pale brown, mottled with dark brown, evenly
like the head, except that on joints 2 and 4 is a broad, dark brown
dorsal band, while the sides of these joints are often paler; on joints
6 to 11 is a narrow subdorsal line, and on the dorsum of joints 6 to
8 are oblique brown lines, one on each segment, posteriorly to which
the color is paler. The yellow patch on joints ro and rr (the usual
V-mark) is triangular on joint 10, but on joint 11 is divided into
three spots, the outer ones elongate, the posterior one small and
rounded. Venter nearly black by the confluence of the mottlings;
a broad, pale greenish, ventral band. Thoracic feet pale brownish
testaceous; anal ones elevated when at rest. Duration of this stage
four days.

FirrH LARVAL STAGE.—Head higher than wide, slightly de-
pressed at the vertex and marked as in the preceding stage. Max-
illae, bases of antenne and ocelli, red-brown. Width 3.3 mm. The
body for joints 2 to 4, 6, 11 and 13, is not as high as the vertex of
the head; the dorsal process on joint 5 is long and large, its sur-
mounting pair of tubercles pointing forward; joints 7 to Io are
arched and apparently enlarged dorsally by the abdominal feet being
held close together, joints 8 and g each have a.double hump, the
one on joint 9 the larger, but both shorter than the process on joint
5; a slight double hump on joint 12, its apices closer together than

xX

those of the others. The surmounting tubercles are brown, tipped
with white, each bearing a hair. These tubercles form part of row
one and the rest, arranged as the warts in Avachnis picta,* are very
small, whitish, and each bears a hair. The body is colored as in
the previous stage, and is subject to considerable variation in the
depth of coloration from very pale brown to almost black in different
examples. The back of the head and a broad dorsal band on joints
2 to 4 are dark brown edged with whitish, and there is a narrow
subdorsal line on joints 5 to 11 bordered below by a paler shade.
The oblique dorsal lines on joints 6 to 8 are not distinct, but the
pale shades bordering them are evident, and the angular mark on
joints 10 and rt has lost its bright yellow color and approaches very
nearly these pale shades in appearance, or is slightly pinkish. Joints
12 and 13 are a little paler than the rest of the body and a pale shade
passes up the back of the process on joint 5. There is a broad,
pale whitish ventral band, with which the thoracic feet are concolor-
ous; the abdominal feet are concolorous with the body, the anal
ones but little used, and usually held against the leaf, or but little
elevated. Spiracles pale brown, with a fine black border. A single
dark colored larva out of the brood of thirty, from which this de-
scription is drawn, had a white spot above the spiracle on joint 11,
and another smaller one before and below, in this character ap-
proaching the marking of /anassa lignicolor. Length of larva about
30 mm. Duration of this, the last larval stage, six days.

Cocoon.—Thin, rather tough, semi-transparent, parchment-
like. It is spun between two leaves. The larve of the first brood
pupate in a few days, but those of the second brood pass the Winter
in the cocoon and pupate in the Spring. Only ten per cent. of my
larvee produced imago the same Summer.

Pupa.—Cylindrical, the abdominal segments gently tapering,
capable of much motion. There is an elevation between the eyes
bearing two small tubercles and a curved row of cubical granulations
at the posterior edge of the thorax. Cremasters, two, parallel, sepa-
rate, rather thick and bluntly spinose. Color shining dark red-
brown. Wing cases creased and body punctured, but minutely.

Foop-PLAntT. — Hickory (Cavya). Larve from Dutchess
County, N.Y.

It will be observed that this larva differs from the larvee of the
other known species of Schzzura in lacking the lateral green patch
on the thoracic segments, and in the last stage the yellow dorsal

Lf. lignicolor as well as in the curious occurrence of white spots at
the spiracles of joint 11 as noted above. There does not seem to
be any character to separate the larva of 7 “gnicolor generically
from Schizura.

The larva of S. /eptinotdes is protected by its resemblance to a
brown dead piece of Hickory leaf, and it has the habit of leaving
pieces of leaf partly eaten off which soon wither and become brown,
like the larva. It girdles the stem of the leaf that it is about to feed
upon, causing it to bend down and be more easily reached. This
habit is shared by .S. zAomee.

NOTE ON LEPISMA DOMESTICA Pack.
By E. BERGROTH, Forssa, Finland.

In his synopsis of the North American Thysanura, Prof. Packard
has described, under the specific name of domestica, a remarkable
new Lefzsma living in the houses about hearths and fire-places at
Salem, Mass. From Packard’s description there can be no doubt
that this species is congeneric with the European Lepzsma_ furnorum
Prov., upon which Grassi (Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. xix, 1887) founded
the subgenus 7hermophila, elevated to the rank of a genus by Ou-
demans (Tijdschr. v. Entomologie xxxii, 1889), who published a
more complete description and an excellent colored drawing of the
insect. Zhermophila seems to be well distinguished from Lefzsma,
especially by the six-jointed maxillary palpi, but the name being
twice pre-occupied in entomology (Lepidoptera and Coleoptera) I
propose to substitute that of Zhermodza.

Thermobia furnorum was detected in the Lombardy by Rovelli
in 1884, and has lately been found abundantly in the bake-houses
at Amsterdam by Oudemans. It lives in similar situations as the
American 7h. domestica, which, judging from the description, is
nearly allied to, but specifically distinct from the European species.

meme

In accordance with custom, and for the last time in ENTOMO-
LOGICA AMERICANA, ve editor wishes all our readers and friends a
Happy New Year. f als Par

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

AESTRACT Proc. Ent, Club A. A’ A. S: : Ree i).
ANONYMOUS.
A contribution to Hymenopterclogical Literature. ee
BERGROTH, E.
Note on the genus Profenor Stal. : ; : Mee)
Note on Lepizsma domestica Pack. . > ae
BEUTENMULLER, WM.
Food-plants of Lepidoptera, No. 13 (/falistdota cary@) . 16
Description of the larva of Zhymalus fulgidus Er. . ohm
Description of the beat stages of Edema albifrons
mand (S.A: ; : ee is
Mode of oviposition of certain species a Oy 3) SEGS
Food habits of Chrysomelidz : Pope
Preparatory stages of Sama cynthia Dr. ; .* (256
Description of the preparatory stages of Datana Ong Usit
G. CoaR oS : : ; ; ; 2) Bra
Book NoTIcEs ‘ : 5 : 18, 217
BUTLER, A. G.
Ervistalis tenax in England ; 3 : 125
CHITTENDEN, FRANK H.
[Editorial Notes] . : 70, 76
On the habits of Picanhacns and eyenoseel : .' 99
[Note on Evtstalis tenax] 3 "E26, sis
Remarks on the habits of some species a Clee vy 5
Notes on the habits of some species of Rhynchophora . 167
Fires)... ; : . a . 208
Spider’s Web Cloth ; : | “258
[Note on Zeuzera escult | erg
COLLECTING NOTES. 58, 103, Ils, Lshulep
Dyar, HARRISON G.
Preparatory stages of Plusta californica . é : = Vaal
Preparatory stages of Arachnts picta Pack. . ; Ln ee
Preparatory stages of Arctia docta . ; : ale
The genus Datana Walker. 127
Preparatory stages of Dzlophonota eis Butl. a
D. ello Linn. : : : . PAR

Preparatory stages of Dae aoa pee : DEE

Preparatory stages of /Yeterocampa subrotata Harvey . 209

Preparatory stages of Schizura leptinoides Grote . 74 1280
Epwarps, HENRY.

Some apparently new Noctuidz in the collection of the

British Museum . : : ; ; oe AEA.
ENTOMOLOGICAL Cuusp, A. A. A. S., Biseesdities ep ior
FERNALD, C. H.

A bit of history. : ; ; 5 eDES
FLETCHER, JAMES.

[Address as President Ent. Club A. A. A. S.] I
Gicnetre. C. P:

New Cynipidee ; ; ’ ; ee Oe
GODING, F. W.

A new Orthopter from Tennessee . : : aes
GRoTE, A. RADCLIFFE.

The North American Eustrotiini . ; : ; 2 SR
HAMILTON, JOHN, M.D.

Catalogue of Coleoptera common to America, Europe, ete. 17

Proposed corrections of specific names to harmonize Mr.
Henshaw’s catalogue of the North American Coleop-
tera, with the generally accepted nomenclature with re-

lation to the species common to the two continents. 41
On the probable pollenization of greenhouse chrysanthe-

mums by Evistalis tenax : : . 181
[ Notes on some species of Leptura] A : : - Ee

Horn, Geo. H., M.D.
The ‘‘ ultimate larva’ of Platypsyllus

2. cao
[Cychrus merkelii n. sp. ] 71
HowarpD, L. O.
A waspish love struggle . 33
LENG, CHARLES W.
[Notes on some species of Leptura] : ; 220s
Synopses of Cerambycide 700}, '05;-07,, 164; 256, 185, 21Z
MACHESNEY, C. P.
Notes on Zeuzera pyrina Fabr. ; ; : ; . 31
NEUMOEGEN, B.
New beauties from near and far ; ; E
[Notes and News] . : : : $0; 59s 72) 745.705 1G

New species of Arctians . ; : bo ae

NOTES AND NEWS
OBITUARY, Otto von Meske .

RAGONOT, E.
[ Notes on Phycitidee

RICKSECKER, L. E.
[Mounting small Coleoptera] .

RILEY, CHARLES V.

17; 340 720 TAC gy,
180

64

125

Platypsyllus—Egg and Ultimate Larva-—-Dr. Horn’s Re-

clamation
RIVERS, J. J.
[Collecting Note]
Description of a new Cychrus
Three new species of Coleoptera

ScHAus, WM., JR.
New species of Mexican Lepidoptera

Description of Evferusta urania n. sp.

ScuHMITT, P. JEROME.
A melanic Argynnis bellone

SKINNER, HENRY, M.D.
A new Pamphila

SLosson, ANNIE TRUMBULL.
Larve of Sezrarctia echo
Cressonia hyperbola n. var.
Varina ornata Neum.

SMITH, ERWIN F.

‘The Black Peach’ Aphis, a new species of the genus

Aphis
SMITH, JOHN B.
A new species of Feralia
A new species of Oncocnemis
Notes on some Scolytids
A new species of Agrotis
A new species of Botis
New species of Tzeniocampini
[ Mounting small Coleoptera]
[Collecting note]
Notes on Elaphidion
A new Plagiomimicus

TOT, 201

Contributions toward a monograph of the Noctuide of
temperate North America. Revision of Scotelosoma

Curtis ; : : ; ; ‘ : : NC tAG

A new Bombycia_. : , . ‘ 179

A new Morrisonia . : j ; + BES

A new Copipanolis . : : er 226

Abschiedsworte ; ; " E ‘ 1 eae

Society NEws . : ‘ . 40, 60, TOO, 119, 139, 220
VaN DvzZEE, E. P.

New California Homoptera. 5 ool Se Rete ee ahaa

Review of the North American species of Bythoscopus . 221
WEsTcoTT, O. S.

[Note on Ervistalzs tenax] : : : . iat 2
WickHaM, H. F.

Note on Ceutorhynchus erystmi : we Sag

Regarding .Stenopodius flavipes : : 1,52

Remarks on some western Tenebrionide : : 3

—238—

GENERAL INDEX.

PAGE
Acmzeops, synopsis of . 104
Acoptus suturalis, note on I7I
Acraspis niger, n. sp. 3
Adoxus vitis, note on 176
A@schna, notes on . 166
Agallia oculata, n. sp. 28, 49
Agallia quadri-punctata 135
Agallissus gratus ; : 9
Agelastica ‘hhalensis, note on. 177
Agrion, notes on : 166
Agrotis atristrigata, n. sp 76
Alandes singularis 88
Allygus inscriptus, n. sp. 92
Amblychila baroni, n. sp. III
Amphidora nigropilosa 87
Annaphila casta, n. sp.. 114
Anodonta fascis, n. sp A7
Anthophilax, synopsis of i798
Aphis persicee-niger, n. sp. IOI, 201
Apion fraternum, note on 168
‘nigrum, note on. 168
rostrum, note on 168
Arachnis picta, early stages . 73
. zuni Nn. sp. : igh
Arzoschizus, habits of . : 84
Arctia dieckii, n. sp. 62
«« docta, life-history In
‘“« favorita, n. sp. 173
Argoporis costipennis 87
Argynnis bellona, var. 70
Asida, habits of 85
Ahysanus see Bythoscopus
ee striatula, n. sp. 134
Atimia confusa 10
‘dorsalis 10
Azenia, note on 162
e edentata 162
implora . 162
Balaninus, notes on some species of 172
Barytychius discoideus, note on . 169
Bassareus, note on species of 175
Batulius setosus 84

Bellamira, note on

Blapstinus, habits of

Blepharida rhois, note on

Bombycia candida, n. sp.

Botis nelumbialis n. sp.
Bythoscopus, review of species

t synopsis of species.

distinctus, n. sp.

cognatus, nN. sp.
Calliomma germen, n. sp.
Calopteryx, “notes on
Calosoma willcoxi, note on

Caria melicerta, n. sp.

Cassida, note on species of

ec

cc

Centrinus lineicollis, note on
Centrodera, synopsis of species
Ceutorhy nchus erysimi
septentrionalis

Chariessa pilosa, note on
Chelymorpha argus, note on
Chlamys plicata, note on
Chramesus icoriz .
Chrysanthemum fly ;
Chrysochus auratus, note on
Chrysomela, notes on species of .
Chrysomelidz, on food habits
Cleridz, habits of .
Clerus rosmarus, note on

‘“ thoracicus, note on
Cnemoplatia sericea
Coeculia fibra, n. sp. :
Cceliodes, notes on some species .
Coelocnemis punctata
Coelus ciliatus ~
Colaspis brunnea, note on
Coleophora cispiticella :
Coniontis, habits of
Conotrachelus, on some species of
Copipanolis stigma, n. sp.
Coptocycla, notes on species of
Correspondence
Coscinoptera dominicana, habits of
Cossonus, notes en
Crambidez, dates of
Cratidus osculans .
Crepidodera, note on species of
Cressonia hyperbola, n. var.
Crioceris, notes on habits of

Cryptoglossa, habits of :

Cry ptorhy nchus bisignatus, note on
parochus, note on

Cychrus fuchsianus, n. sp.

of merkelii, n. sp.

oreophilus, n. sp.

Cynzeus depressus

Cyrtinus pygmzeus

Datana, revision of species of

synopsis of species .

angusii, early stages

californica, n. sp.

palmii, early stages

| Deltoc: phalus coquilletti, n. sp.

as minutus, n. sp.

ve

_Desmocerus, revision of species of
| Diabrotica, notes on species of
| Dibolia zerea, note on
Dicranura platea, n. sp.
| Dilophonota edwardsii, larva of
es ello, early stages *

Cryptocephalus, notes on species of

;

—239—

PAGE
‘Diomorus zabriskii : : . 100
Diplax, notes on. 166
Diptera, homology of mouth. parts 200
Disonycha, notes on species of . 177
Distenia undata. ‘ wh Te
Donacia, notes on species. of Me

Doryphora, notes on species of . 176
Dryophanta liberz-cellula, n. sp. 24
Dryophthorus corticalis, notes on. 172

Echedorus infernalis, n. sp. . . 46
Edema albifrons, early stages . 75
Edrotes, habits of . : : ss
E laphion, notes on : eoibetepani acta)
. cinereum : } seo
vO lanatum 3 ; S214.
Eleodes, habits of . 2) ae 86
Elasmocerus terminatus, note on. 154
Emmenastes, habits of . ; . 84
Empretia stimulea F : ju 40
Encyclopini, synopsis. : . Es
Enecyclops cceruleus : ae Pee
pallipes 4 ; a8
Enyo riscus, n. sp. ; ; a9
Ss a teeditiny MASP. << ; LO
Epitragus, habits of _. é late)
Eristalis tenax, 5 81, 84, 126, 218
Escaria. note on. . ; s 162
mes Glauida, < : : | 162
Eterusia urania, n. sp. . ; iy °3O
Euchztes conspicua, n. sp. . 21738
% egle ; 4 : 5 pis,
Euclidia annexa, n. sp. t 5) Alias
Eudocimus mannerheimii —. . 169
Eugnamptus angustatus, notes on 167
as collaris, notes on. 167
Euherrichia, notes on °. : 5 168
Eulabis pubescens : ‘ 5 sir
Eurymetopon, habits of ; ror
Euryptera lateralis ; : eT Sil
Eusattus, habits of F é » 86:
Eustrotia, note on , ; . 164]
Eustrotiini, notes on . P Slee
Excursion, notice of — . .) 190, DEB]
Hf report on. ; . 160
Exema, notes on species of . = *. :175|
Feralia major, n. sp. . y 26
Fire! at Brooklyn Institute . . 208
Flavinia jalapz, n. sp. . : 45
Forest Insects, injuries by. AG
Galeruca, notes on species of Beh?)
Gastroidea, notes on species of . 176)
Gaurotes, synopsis of species aise
Glyptoscelis pubescens, notes on. 175
Gracilia obliquata ; a2
Graphops pubescens, noteson . 176
Gymnetron teter, notes on . He line)
Haltica, notes on species of . ely
Hzematobia serrata : , . “40
Helops, habits of . : : . 88
Herrichia cervina, n. sp. . ota

Heterocampa — subrotata,

stages : ; ,
Himatium conicum, note on
Horama jalapensis

Hydnocera, notes on species of

Hydrias deformis, n. sp.
Hypexilis pallida
Hypothenemus dissimilis
erectus
eruditus
hispidulus .
Injurious insects of the year
Iphthimus serratus, notes on
Ira. n. gen.

“ eundlachiana, n. sp.

oe

“ec

Ithycerus nov eboracensis, notes on

Jassus lactipennis, n. sp.

Laricobius erichsoni, notes on

Lasaia sessilis, n. sp.
Laverna phragmitella
Lema, notes on habits of

Lepidopterous pupa, feeding of

Lepisma domestica, note on
BY furnorum, habits of
Leptalia macilenta
A frankenhauseri
fuscicollis
Leptura, synopsis of species
aspera
exigua
hzematites
nana
plebeja
Lepturini, divisions of
Lepturoides, synopsis
Lestes, notes on
Libellula auripennis
i pulchella
semifascia
Lina, notes on species of
Listronotus, notes on
Lixus concavus, notes on
Macropsis, see By thoscopus .
Magdalis hispoides, notes on
a olyra, notes on
Meske, Otto von, Obituary

oe

ae

Microrhopala vittata, notes on

Microschatia inaequalis .
Monocesta coryli, notes on

Mononychus vulpeculus, notes on

Morrisonia rileyana, n. sp.
Mounting small Coleoptera
Necy dalini, synopsis

Necydalis, synopsis of species

barbare, n. sp.
Neuroterus flavipes, n. sp.
. vernus, n. sp.
Ocha macerra, n. sp.
Odonata, oviposition of

Odontota, note on species of

PAGE

PAGE

Odors of Lepidoptera
Oncocnemis extremis, n. sp.
Orchestis niger, note on

- pallicornis, note on
Pachybrachys, notes on species
Pachyta, synopsis of
Pamphila slossone, n. sp.

30

Pandeletejus hilaris, notes on 168
Paria aterrima, notes on 176
Parnassius, review of species of 61
ry nanus, n. var. ae ashe
Peach aphis : . IOI, 201
Pediopsis, see Bythoscopus ;

a nubila, n. sp. 37
Pergesa mexicana, n. sp. 20
Perigonica, n. gen. 3 123

a angulata, n. sp. . 124

ss fulminans, n. sp. 124
Perophora inscita, n. sp. 46
Phassus brasirei, n. sp. 46
Phellopsis, habits of 84
Phlzophagus. habits of . 99
Phyllobzenus dislocatus, note on . 155
Phyllotreta, note on species of 177 |
Phymatodes juglandis, n. sp. 214
Physonota unipunctata, note on . 178
Phyxelis rigidus, note on 167
Piodes, synopsis of : IIo
Plagiomimicus triplagiatus, n. sp. 139
Platymetopus elegans, n. sp. 94
Platypsyllus castoris 27
larva of 55

Platythemis, notes on 166
Pleocoma behrensii, note on 70
Plusia californica 14
Porphyraspis cyanea, note on 178
Prascouris, notes on species of 176
Protenor note on 217
Prothymia, note on 163
Pthora americana . 88
Pyrotrichus vitticollis 13
Raphiteles maculatus 39
Rhagium lineatum 65
Rhinoncus pyrrhopus, note on 171
Rhodites multispinosa, n. sp. 55

a spinosissima . 25
Rhyncholus brunneus, note on 172
Rhynchophora, notes on some

species of 167
Rhyssematus lineaticollis 170
Samia cynthia, life-history 216
Scaphoideus scalaris, n. sp. 51

Schizura leptinoides, early stages. 230
Scolytids, notes on 50

116, Scopelosoma, revision of species

PAGE

Olle ; ; : TA sage
Scythropus elegans, notes on . 168
Seirarctia echo ; , a
Silvertop of wheat : ei
Sphingicampa nebulosa, n. var. 63
Spider’s web cloth 218
Stenopodius flavipes, notes on 52
Stenoscelis, habits of 99
Stetheophyma doranii, n. sp. 13
Stomoxys calcitrans 4o
Strangalia, synopsis of species 157
Tzeniocampa addenda, n. sp. 122

ot carminata, n. ee 121

i. curtica, n. sp. 122

a venata, n. sp. 123
Tzeniocampini, new species of 121
Teinopalpus imperialis 116
Tenebrionide, habits of 3
Tetrarrhinus . 217
Thalpochares, notes on. . 164
Thamnotettix atropunctata, n. sp. gI
coquilletti, n. sp. a7

se fitchii, n. sp. Be 1

ay flavocapitata, n. sp. 80

ni geminata fe

oi limbata, n. sp. 92

3 subzenea, n. sp. 77
Thanasimus dubius, note on 154
Thaneroclerus sanguineus, notes . 155
Theope bacenis, n. sp. . 19
=. Seupoliss nssp: 19
Thermobia, n. gen. 233
Thymalus fulgidus, larva 57
Toxoti, synopsis of genera 65
Toxotus, synopsis of species 67-69

‘ ater, n. var. ‘ 68
Trichodes apivorus, notes on 154
Triorophus laevis, notes on 84
Trirhabda, notes on species of 177
Trogloderus costatus 87
Tymnes tricolor, notes on 176
Typocerus, synopsis of species 158
Ulochzeta leoninus 3 12
Ulus crassus, notes on 88
Upis ceramboides, notes on . 87
Varina ornata : 136
Wasps, coition among . 33
Xylosteus ornatus . 67
Zagymnus clerinus 9
Zeuzera zesculi . 218

a) pyre Po: 31, 218
Zopherus, habits of <0 Od

LIST OF AUTHORS’ EXTRAS

FOR SALE BY

J. B. SMITH, New Brunswick, N. J.

Synopsis of the North American Heliothine, 51 pp. 2 pl.. .$ .75

Synopsis of the N. A. species of Satyrus Westw., Iopp.. . .10
A Synopsis of the N. A. Genera of the Noctuide . . . . .50
A Revision of the Lepidopterous Family Saturniide, 26 pp.

Ae i he erm We ate oe See RMA tp is
The species of Eurythra Harv. and the species of Callimorpha

Pett teepp..2 plates. - 4° “¢ ayer Un ees
New Genera and Species of N. A. Meets 2O}PPy. ar. caetnesae
Revision of the Species of Oncocnemis, 29 pp. I plate. . . .50
Revision of the Species of Pseudanarta, 5pp. . . . . . «10
Maespeces orOicia Hub. S pp. bop. ss so Pa eo
Descriptions of some new Species of Agrotis Auct., 18 pp. . .25
Revision of some Tzeniocampid Genera, 42 pp. 2 plates . . .50
Monograph of the N. A. Sphingidz, 200 pp. g plates . . . 2.00

Notes on the Species of Lachnosterna of Temperate North
America with descriptions of new species, 45 pp. 13 pl. .65

Ames JINests and theicimhabitants, Opp: «ls 6) 6) ee) ee
Seme new species of Lachnosterna, 7 pp: . . .. - . + ». Oo
Synopsis of the Apioninze of North America, 27 pp. 1 plate . .35
Synopsis of the Genera of the N. A. Rhopalocera, 8 pp. . . .10

Notes on the Systematic position of some North American
Lepidoptera, 7 pp. 1 plate. . . : 250)

Also a few copies of—Introduction to a ae of tie North
American Noctuida, by A. R. Grote, A.M., 42 pp. .. .40

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cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

Cocoons of hybrids, 2 Ceanothi and <¥\ Cecropia; also 2 S. gloveri and
3d Cecropia beside the cocoons and pupas. Lists exchanged. No postals

replied to.

MISS EMILY L. MORTON,
Newburgh, N. Y.

COLEOPTERA OF PACIFIC COAST FOR SALE.

Prices Reduced. Fifty per cent. discount on orders for sets.
Send for new price-list.
L. E. RICKSECKER,
P. O. Box 208, Santa Rosa, Cala.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1. ‘‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.
II to VII, 1879-1885, each . 3 ; : : . $1.00

| Vol. Lis out of print.] x
2. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883. _.50
. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-

Conte, 16. pp. November, 1879 . : 25
4. Synopsis of the Lucanidz of the U. S. by Ces Fiche
with plate, 10 pp. ; .50

5. Check-List ofthe N. A. Macrolentdepters (items Spine

gide, Bombycidz, Noctuidze and Geometride), 32 pp.
L862... : 125

6. Synopsis of the Gisndciae of the U. = of N, iene

by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and

woodcuts. : ites oe
moor rapilio.* Vols. 1. to IV, 1880-1884, iach E : < 2206
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :
‘ Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 Miia. ©
a Part II, 138 pp. 1885 , : . E0e
Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico,
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . 1.50
9. Check-List ‘of Hemiptera- Hee pee a Ph. R. Dies
33 pp. 1886 ; ; .50
10. First Supplement to Hecehw S Chest: List of Golennieni |
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 ; 2 Aa
Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Renee 14
Pp. 1839 : . j > ; eae
tr. ‘‘ Entomologica Aaserneanee’ ode EtovV caches. 14 Ore

ee

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No; 2 Gal.;-So. Gal.,-Or.,- Wash: Vane? “Nowe. Mexe Nibley Vik Maso
Rol eCt. No. 3 N. Y.,-N.J:; Penn.; Del, Md. > INoraqVa., We Vaan
Nae S.1C. No. “5 Ga., Fla:, Ala... Miss. Lenny. Nor.6,Ohio, IndeSeniin
Ky., Mo. No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill. “No. 8 La., Tex., Ark., I. T.,
N. M. No.9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. ro Ks., Nev., Ut., Id, Ariz.
No. 11 Can., N.-F., B. A., R. A., Alask., Lab., Hud. B. No. t2 ¢¥' 21 lines;
2 21 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No.1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

———_-

1

in i i el

tl ee Oe De el

7. eo

;

VOL. VI--No. 2. FEBRUARY, 1890.

TONOLOGIC »
AMERICANA

A MonTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

— 2

EDITOR :

JOHN B. SMITH,

RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEw BrRuNSWICK, N. J.

ASS’T EDITOR:
FRANK H, CHITIENDEN,

25 ATLANTIC AVENUE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomologies! Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

~ Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. a as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn Entomological Society

President, Capt. T. L. CASEY, U.S. A. : F ‘ Army Building, New York.
Vice-President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL, : ; . 16 Broad Street, New York.
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H.- ROBERTS, 7 ‘ 235 West 122d Street, New York.
Rec. Sec., ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, : 182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Cor. Sec.,. FRANK H. CHITTENDEN, . d , 25 Atlantic Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE, ; : 3 . 1329 Myrtle Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

pas F. H. CHITTENDEN,
ape, A. C. WEEKS. ;

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE:

THOS. -L.. CASEY, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
CHARLES PALM,. GUSTAV BEYER,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL, OTTOMAR DIETZ,

HENRY EDWARDS.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,

EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.

HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month

in its rooms at the

Brooklyn Institute,

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
[Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge. ] BROOK LYING ING ace
ee ee

Entomologica Americana,

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . . $2.00
Single copies, each. ar : : mr)
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . ; 3): 3800
Single insertions : ; : 2 hy hO

Larger advertisements at special rates.

<—_Pp

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor. ;

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

JOHN AHBRHURST,
Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a specialty. ~
Price-List sent on ap-
plication.

8 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. i Brooltlyit; N. Yi

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all

species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection.

Very liberal Exchanges will be given.
Send for List of my desiderata.
EDWARD L. GRAEF,
40 Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
CoLeopTeERA of North America by exchange or purchase.
BUPRESTID and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-
ferred, especially BuprEsTID#. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection.

-G. W. J. ANGELL,
44 Hudson St., N. Y.

GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Street,
Brooklyn, E, D., N. Y.,
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.

North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridze and Mi-

crolepidoptera.
GEO. D. HULST,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City.
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exchange of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

Cocoons of hybrids, 2 Ceanothi and <j Cecropia ; also 9 S. gloveri and
3 Cecropia beside the cocoons and pupas. Lists exchanged. “No postals

replied to.
MISS EMILY L. MORTON,
Newburgh, N. Y.

COLEOPTERA OF PACIFIC COAST FOR SALE.

Prices Reduced. Fifty per cent. discount on orders for sets.
Send for new price-list.

L. E. RICKSECKER,
P. O. Box 208, Santa Rosa, Cala.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1, ‘* Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.

II to VII, 1879-1885, each . ; ; ; ; . $1.00
[| Vol. Lis out of print.]

. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883. _.50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le- .

Ny

Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . . £25
4. Synopsis of the Lucanidz of the U. S. by chas Fugu
with plate, 10 pp. 50

5. Check-List ofthe N. A. Macrolepieaite a Coie as Soi
gide, Bombycidz, Noctuidz and Geometride), 32 pp.
T8257: ‘ <25

6. Synopsis of the Cieaeiae = the U. Si of N. Anienens
by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and

woodcuts. 3 : : oe
7: § Papilio,’ Volg:si to IV, 1880-1884, Sik ; 5 -) Be
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :

Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 : : i rea
- Part II, 138 pp. 1885 é 3 ; Oe

Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico,
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . : 1.50

g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteropters be Ph. R. hier
33 pp. 1886 5 : -50

10. First Supplement to Henshaw" S Chede: aise of Coleoptera,
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 ; 25

Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Renee 14
PP: TS89eW5 : , , ; Sea J.

11. ‘‘ Entomologica racic a Vol: ” to V; each ©. NaS
Po

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Cal., So. Cal., Or.,"Wash., Vanc. No. 2 Me., N. H., Vt., Mass.,
R.1.; Ct: No. 3 N. Y., N.J.;Penn.; Del, Md: No, “Va OW Var
N..C., S.C. No. 5 Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss:, Tenn: No: 6 Ohio; Ind;, Ss ills
Ky., Mo. .No. 7.Minn., Wis., Mich., Ja., N..Ill)No.’8'La., Tex., Ark:- IT;
N. M. No. 9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. 10 Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No. 11, Can. N. Fy, 'B..A., R. A., Alask..-Lab, Bud: Bs No, 1274 er tae
Q 21 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No.1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. L., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

VOL. VI.-No. 3. MARCH, 1890.

TON UG lg.
AMERICAN

A MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED@BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

@

EDITOR:
JOHN B. SMITH,

RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEw BRUNSWICK, N. J.

ASS’T EDITOR:
FRANK H, CHITTENDEN;
25 ATLANTIC AVENUE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomological Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. Y., as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn

President, Capr. T. L. CASEY, U.S. A.
Vice-President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
Rec. Sec.,. ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS,

Cor. Sec., FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE,

. H. CHITTENDEN,

Curators, \% A. C. WEEKS.

Entomological Society

Army Building, New York.

16 Broad Street, New York.

235 West 122d Street, New York.
182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
25 Atlantic Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.
1329 Myrtle Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

EXECUTIVE com MITTEE :

THOS. L. CASEY,
CHARLES PALM,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL,

CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
GUSTAV BEYER,
OTTOMAR DIETZ,

HENRY EDWARDS.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, _ Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month

in its rooms at the

Brooklyn Institute,

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
[Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge.] BROOKLYN, N. Y.
ae

Entomologica Americana.

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, $2.00
Single copies, each. .20
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum 3-00
Single insertions 50

Larger advertisements at special rates.

—— A

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

‘Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent

to the treasurer.
Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

rr Ta

JOHN AKHURST,
Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a specialty.
Pricé-List sent on ap-
plication.

8 Ashland PI
Improved Entomological Forceps. ‘ Brooklyn, N.Y.

FS

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection.
Very liberal Exchanges will be given.

Send for List of my desiderata.
EDWARD L. GRAEF,
4o Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
COLEOPTERA of North America by exchange or purchase.
BUPRESTIDE and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-
ferred, especially BupREsTID&. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection.

G. W. J. ANGELL,
44 Hudson St., N. Y.
GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Street,
Brooklyn, E, D.. N. Y.,
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.

North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridze and Mi-

crolepidoptera.
GEO. D. HULST,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City,
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exchange of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

Cocoons of Hybrids ex Gloveri et Cecropia, also ex Ceanothi et Cecropia.
List exchanged for set specimens of Lepidoptera.

MISS EMILY L. MORTON,
Newburgh, N. Y.

COLEOPTERA OF PACIFIC COAST FOR SALE,
Prices Reduced. Fifty per cent. discount on orders for sets.
Send for new price-list.
L. E. RICKSECKER,
P. O. Box 208, Santa Rosa, Cala.
: NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.
Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per tooo. Also other goods

for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,
114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1. ‘‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.

II to VII, 1879-1885, each . ; ; ; : . $1.00
[ Vol. Lis out of print.] :

2. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883 . —_.50.
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-

Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . : 125
4. Synopsis of the Lucanidee of the U. S. by Ghee Poche
with plate, 10 pp. ; .50

5. Check-List of the N. A. Macrélopidopters (iment Shine
gidz, Borhbycidz, Noctuidze and Geometridz), 32 pp.
S027 5 : ey
6. Synopsis of the Cicinuicts af the U. ee of N. Ainenied:
by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four ee and

woodcuts. A . SOG
7. Papilio,” Voels< Tito IV, 1880-1884, eh ; : eee
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :

Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 : : Sea.
s Part II, 138 pp. 1885 ‘ ; aeo

Revision of the Stenini of America, North of eerie
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . : 1.50

g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera By Ph. R. Wahlen
33 pp. 1886 : : -50

10. First Supplement to Pewee S Cape ae of Coleoptera,
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 f “2k

Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Reerence) 14
pp. 1889 . ; ; eesey
11. ‘‘ Entomologica Americana, if Vols. T to a: ch 2; 32500

rE <2 > —

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Cal., So. Cal., Or., Wash., Vane. No. 2 Me., N. H., Vt., Mass.,
Rad Ctr” No. 3 N. Y., N. Jz, Penn, -Del., Md:> “No.2 Vasa ava
N.C., S.C. No. 5 Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., Tenn. No. 6 Ohio, Ind., S.-IIl.,
Ky., Mo. No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill. No. 8 La., Tex., Ark:, I.'T.,
N. M. No.9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. 10 Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No. 11 Can., N. F., B. A., R. A., Alask., Lab., Hud. B. No. 12 cf 21 lines,
Q 21 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No. 1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

VOL. VI.—No. 4. APRIL, 1890.

TOMULOGIC
AMERICAN

A MonTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

————[—— ©

EDITOR :

JOHN B. SMITH,

RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEw Brunswick, N. J.

ASS’T EDITOR :
FRANK Ee CHITTENDEN,

25 ATLANTIC AVENUE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomological Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa:

Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn nm, IN. Y., as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

President, Capt. T. L. CASEY, U.S. A. : 5 , Army Buiiding, New York.
Vice-President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL, ; g . 16 Broad Street, New York.
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS, R : 235 West 122d Street, New York.
Rec. Sec., ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, F s : 182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Cor. Sec., FRANK H. CHITTENDEN, . é 2 25 Atlantic Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE, : , : . 1329 Myrtle Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

F. H. CHITTENDEN,

ee ACERS:
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE:
THOS. L. CASEY, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
CHARLES PALM, GUSTAV BEYER,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL, OTTOMAR DIETZ,
- HENRY EDWARDS.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, _ Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,

A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month
in its rooms at the

Brooklyn Imetitute:

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
[Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge.] BROOKLYN, N. Y.
SP ON

Entomologica Americana.

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . : . $2.00
Single copies, each. ; : : gees
‘Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . : eran o ©,
Single insertions ; ; ; ; ae

Larger advertisements at sea rates.

EEE << DO

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

JOHN AKEHURST,
Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies.

Fine Carlsbader In-

sect Pins a specialty.

—_——p Price-List sent on ap-
plication.

8 Ashland Pl
Improved Entomological Forceps. : Brooklyn, 5 Y.

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection.

Very liberal Exchanges will be given. Send for List of my desiderata.

EDWARD L. GRAEF,
4o Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
CoLeopTERA of North America by exchange or purchase.

BUPRESTID and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-
ferred, especially BupREsTID®. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection. G. W. J. ANGELL, 44 Hudson St., N. Y.

GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Street, ch
Brooklyn, E, D.. N. Y.,
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.

~ North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridz and Mi-

crolepidoptera. GEO. D. HULST,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.
B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City,
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exchange of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.

Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers
or set, especially Papilio, Ornithoptera, Pieridae and Nymphalidz. In the
next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders to

JOHN FRUHSTORFER,
Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

Cocoons of Hybrids ex Gloveri et Cecropia, also ex Ceanothi et Cecropia.
List exchanged for set specimens of Lepidoptera.

MISS EMILY L. MORTON,
Newburgh, N. Y.

FOR SALE.— Pihaneus plito S one specimen. Bradycinetus hornit
Rivers, six specimens. Cenopeus palmeri. Also Chionobas tvallda, So-
geolon clarkie, Eudryas brevipennis, Ctenucha brunnea, Arctia QrizOnensis,
Arachnis picta, Gastropacha mildei, Gluphisia terley, Hy. Edw., Hepialus
McGlasheni, 3S and 2 Q, and many other good things.

L. E. RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cal.

~ NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.
Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per 1000. Also other goods

for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,
114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

t. ‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’ Vols.

II to VII, 1879-1885, each . ; : : Ao 6 Sie
[ Vol. I is out of print.]

2. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883. .50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-

Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . ‘ 225
4. Synopsis of the Lucanide of the U. S. by Chas rua

with plate, 10 pp. ; .50
5. Check-List ofthe N. A. Martolenidopin Diaraate Spi ,

gide, Bombycide, Noctuidee and Geometridz), 32 pp.

IS62.. : 225
6. Synopsis of the Candela of the U. ee of N. nenes

by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four Sek and

woodcuts. : : i TSOO)
7S Papillion Vols. dite IV, iigotthae: each : 5 a Sag
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :
Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 oe
“i Part II, 138 pp. 1885 y : Mae ree
Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico,
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . ; 1.50
g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera by Ph. Rn: Ubler,
33 pp. 1886 : : -50
ro.. First Supplement to Picsthere S Check: ist of Coleoptera,
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 25
Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Rewrences Tac
pp. 1889 . : : va ihe sey
t1. ‘‘ Entomologica Apiercatee ng Vols. I to V, oe : =" 2206

EEE <2

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
‘set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Gal.,°So: Cal., Or.,: Wash., Vanc..- No: 2 Me. No 4e1:; VitaMass
Re, Ct. No.3 N.-¥., No Js, Penn.,-Dely Md: Nora Va. We Vane
tG., S.C. No: 5. Gaz, Pla: Alat» Miss: Denn. JNoi6, Ohio, Ind. Sa ule
Ky., Mo. No.7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill. -No.8 La., Tex., Ark., I. T-,
N. M. No. 9 Col.,-Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. 10 Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Anz.
No. 11 Can., N. F., B. A.; R.-A., Alask., Lab. Hud: B. No. 12 6 2miines:
® ar lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No.1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
LL. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

A

ee
of ar

VOL. VI.-No. 5 | MAY, 1890.

pron ic
MERIGANA

A MOonTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

=

EDITOR:

JOHN B. SMITH,

RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEw Brunswick, N. J.

ASS’T EDITOR:
FRANK H, CHITTENDEN,
25 ATLANTIC AVENUE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entowmoleeee Printer, 55 N. 7th St., pace Pa.

Entes red at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. Y., as Second Class Matte v.

Officers of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

President, Capt. T. L. CASEY, U.S. A. - ; J Army Building, New York.
Vice-President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL, 5 i . 16 Broad Street, New York.
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS, 4 ‘ 235 West 122d Street, New York.
Rec, Sec.,. ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, 4 j : 182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Cor. Sec.. FRANK H. CHITTENDEN, . ; 4 25 Atlantic Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE, : ae ‘ . 1329 Myrtle Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Fe ie | F, H. CHITTENDEN, y oe
: A. C. WEEKS.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE:
THOS) LIGASEY, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
CHARLES PALM, GUSTAV BEYER,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL, OTTOMAR DIETZ,
HENRY EDWARDS. v
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, ' Ass’t Editor—FRANK H, CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F."PEARSALL, . 7

A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.

HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month:
in its rooms at the

Brooklyn Institute.

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
{Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge.] BROOKLYN, N. Y.
EE <2 Oe

Entomologica Americana,

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . ¢ . $2.00
Single copies, each. : : : : 23. ee
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . 2 ee C5
Single insertions j : : eth

Larger advertisements at special rates.

EE DOO

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

7OLINY Aa wa RST,
Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a specialty.
Price-List sent on ap-
plication.

8 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. : Brocka Mi. x

WELT AM iS esean jes

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera’‘still wanting in his collection.

Very liberal Exchanges will be given. Send for List of my desiderata.

EDWARD L. GRAEF,
° 40 Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
COLEOPTERA of North America by exchange or purchase.

BUPRESTID and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-
ferred, especially BupREsTIDa. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection. G. W. J. ANGELL, 44 Hudson St., N. Y.

GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Sireet,
Brooklyn, E, D., N. Y.,

desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.
North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometride and Mi-
crolepidoptera. GEO:,D;HULST,

15 Himrod St., Broskien HE. D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City.

wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exchange of Lepidoptera. Westérn and: Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.

Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers
or set, especially Papilio, Ornithoptera, Pieridae and Nymphalidz. In the
next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders to

SOHN FRUHSTORFER,
Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

Cocoons of Hybrids ex Gloveri et Cecropia, also ex ieaacaa et Cecropia.
List exchanged for set specimens of Lepidoptera.

MISS EMILY L. MORTON,
Newburgh, N. Y.
~~ FOR SALE—Phancus pluto J one specimen. Bradycinetus hornii
Rivers, six specimens. Cwnopaus palmeri. Also Chionobas ivallda, So-
ga@olon clarkie, Eudryas brevipennis, Clenucha brunnea, Arctia arizonensis,
Arachnis picta, Gastropacha mildet, @luphisia terley, Hy. Edw., Hepialus
Mc Glasheni, 33 and ° 2, and many other good things.
L. E. RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cal.

NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.
Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per 1000. Also other goods

for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,
114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1. ‘‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.

II to VII, 1879-1885, each . : s ‘ : . $1.00
[ Vol. I is out of print.]
2. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883 . __.50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-
Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . ‘ 25)
4. Synopsis of the Lucanidze of the U. S. by Chas. Fuchs)
with plate, 10 pp. 50

5. Check-Listofthe N. A. Wacrolennpraci( taenale Sahin
gidz, Bombycidz, Noctuidze and ee 32 pp.
1982... : oe

6. Synopsis of the Gisele ee the U. S of N. Acne
by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and

woodcuts . . : , OG
7. ‘*Papilio,’’ Vols. I to IV, 1880-1884, ek ; : i 2 230@
8. Capt. T. L.:Casey’s papers as follows :
Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 : x2
Part II, 138 pp. 1885 5 ed : - HOS
Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico,
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . : 1.50
9. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera by Ph. R. Uhler,
33 pp. 1886 ; : .50
10. First Supplement to Hendleay?: S (heck: fist of Coleoptera,
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 i eh
Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Reiareiees 14
pp. 1889 . ; : Whee
t1. ‘‘ Entomologica Aiecpana he Vols. y to V, sath / 52300

EEE <2

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Cal., So. Cal., Or., Wash., Vane. No. 2 Me., N. H., Vt., Mass.,
RL wCt. No.3 N.Y. Nv. "Penn, Dél.,; Md. Nese Waa eto
N.C., S.C. No. 5 Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., Tenn. No. 6 Ohio, Ind., S. IIL,
Ky., Mo. No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill. No. 8 La., Tex., Ark., I. T.,
N. M. No.9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. 10 Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No. 11 Can., N. F., B. A., R. A., Alask., Lab., Hud. B. No. 12 ¢ 21 lines,
Q 21 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No.1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

VOL. VI.—No. 6. JUNE, 1890.

pes Blea
” AMERIGANA

A MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

_——— ©

e
EDITOR:

JON Ee: SMITH,
RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEw Brunswick, N. J.

ASS’T EDITOR:
PRANK H, CHYFTrENDEN,
3ROOKLYN INSTITUTE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomological Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. Y., as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn

President, Capr. T. L. CASEY, U.S. A.
Vice-President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
Rec. Sec., ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS,

Cor. Sec., FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE,

f | F. H. CHITTENDEN,
Curators,

Entomological Society.

Army Building, New York.

16 Broad Street, New York.

235 West 122d Street, New York.
182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.
1329 Myrtle Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE :

A. C. WEEKS.
THOS. L. CASEY,
CHARLES PALM,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL,

CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
GUSTAV BEYER,
OTTOMAR DIETZ,

HENRY EDWARDS.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month

in its rooms at the

Brooklyn Institute.

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
{Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge.] BROOKLYN, ING ee
EE <2

Entomologica Americana.

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . - $200
Single copies, each. : ; ; .20
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . 3 3.00
Single insertions : : . d ; 50

Larger advertisements at special rates.

<<>> P

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

JOHN AKEHURST,

Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a specialty.
Price-List sent on ap-
plication.

f 78 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. Brooklyn, N. Y.

- The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection.

Very liberal Exchanges will be given: Send for List of my desiderata.

EDWARD L. GRAEF,
4o Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
COLEOPTERA of North America by exchange or purchase.

BUPRESTIDZE and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-
ferred, especially BupREstID#. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection. G. W. J. ANGELL, 44 Hudson St., N. Y.

GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Street, aa
Brooklyn, E, D., N. Y.,
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.

North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridze and Mi-

crolepidoptera. GEO. D. HULST,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.
B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City,
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exchange of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.

Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers
or set, especially Papilio, Omithoptera, Pieridzee and Nymphalidz. In the
next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders to

JOHN FRUHSTORFER,
Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

Cocoons of Hybrids ex Gloveri et Cecropia, also ex Ceanothi et Cecropia.
List exchanged for set specimens of Lepidoptera.

MISS EMILY L. MORTON,
Newburgh, N. Y.

~ FOR SALEWPianeus pluto 3 onespecimen. Bradycinetus hornii
Rivers, six specimens. Cenopeus palmeri. Also Chionobas ivallda, Po-
gocolon clarkia, Eudryas brevipennis, Clenucha brunnea, Arctia arizonensts,
Arachnis picta, Gastropacha mildei, Gluphisia terlooi, Hy. Edw., Hepialus
Mc Glasheni, §\ S$ and 2 8, and many other good things.

L. E. RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cal. |

NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.
Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per 1000, Also other goods

for entomologists. - A. SMITH & SONS,
114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1. ‘‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.
II to VII, 1879-1885, each . : : 3 . $1.00

| Vol. I is out of print.]
2. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883 . _.50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-

Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . : met
4. Synopsis of the Lucanide of the U. S. by Giee Faene
Ww ith plate, 10 pp. .50

5. Check-Listofthe N. A. Macrolesidupters CD tumaale Sonar
gide, Bombycidee, Noctuidee and ee 32 pp.
1882 . ; 725
6. Synopsis of the Giindenee AR the U. S of N. ‘Amenent
by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and

woodcuts. : : . 2 <IgOO
71° Papilio, ”2< Vols." L to IV, 1880-1884, aoe s : Ne ©
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :

Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 : BRN
“ Part II, 138 pp. 1885 : j 2 FLO@

Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico,
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . : 1.50

g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteropters, i Ph. R. nines
33 pp- 1886 5 : .50

10. First Supplement to Henshaw s eho List of Saleapices
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 t Ses

Second Supplement, with Bibliographical reece 14
Sue PPL/Sso>” x : ; ig eae
tr. ‘‘ Entomologica Resear: . Vol. i to v, oh : 12300

a dE >

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Cal., So. Cal., Or., Wash., Vance. No. 2 Me., N.-H., Vt., Mass.,
Rit, Ct: No. 3 N. Y., Ni J., Penny Del. Md? * Nos4 Vag ay.- Va, tee
N..C., S.-C... No. 5 Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., Tenn. “No. 6 Ohio, Inds S ails
Ky., Mo. No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill. No.8 La., Tex., Ark. I. T.;
N. M. No.9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb.. No. 10 Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No, 1x Can., N. F., B. A., R. A., Alask., Lab., Hud. B. No. 12 ¢' 21 haes;
2 21 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No. 1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. L., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

VOL. VI.-No. 7 JULY, 1890.

TONOLOGIC,.
AMERICANA

A MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

EDITOR :

JOHN B. SMITH,
RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEw BRuNSWICK, N. J.

ASS’T EDITOR:

FRANK H., CHITTENDEN,
BROOKLYN INSTITUTE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Soe Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Pee Pa.

Entered at the Post Office at Br ookbyn, N ¥Y., as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

President, Capt. T. L. CASEY, U.S. A. ‘ 5 5 Army Building, New York.
Vice-President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL, : i . 16 Broad Street, New York.
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS, i . 235 West 122d Street, New York.
Rec. Sec., ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, z 5 % 182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Cor. Sec., FRANK H. CHITTENDEN, . 3 . Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE, : : P . 1329 Myrtle Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

Gerstare F. H. CHITTENDEN, 2
; : A. C. WEEKS.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE :

THOS. L. CASEY, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
CHARLES PALM, GUSTAV BEYER,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL, OTTOMAR DIETZ,

HENRY EDWARDS.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, __Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month
in its rooms at the

Brooklyn Institute,

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
[Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge.] BROOKLYN, ON.
ae

Entomologica Americana,

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . : . $2.00
Single copies, each. ; : : ; ate wae
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . ; 3° = 00
Single insertions : ; ; 3 ioe eee

Larger advertisements at special rates.

<P

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

JOHN AKHURST,

Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a specialty.
Price-List sent on ap-
plication.

: 78 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. Brooklyn, N. Y.

Mt Thi Sere

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection.
Very liberal Exchanges will be given. Send for List of my desiderata.
EDWARD L. GRAEF,
4o Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
CoLeopTerRaA of North America by exchange or purchase.
BUPRESTID4@ and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-
ferred, especially BupREsSTID#. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection. G. W. J. ANGELL, 44 Hudson St., N. Y.

GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Street,
Brooklyn, E, D., N. Y..
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.

North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridze and Mi-

crolepidoptera. GEO. D. HULST,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City,
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exch..nge of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.
Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers
or set, especially Papilio, Ornithoptera, Pieridae and Nymphalidz. In the
next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders to
JOHN FRUHSTORFER,

Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

FOR SALE.—Pianeus pluto J one specimen. Pradycinetus hornit
Rivers, six specimens. Cenopaus palmeri. Also Chionobas ivallda, Po-
gocolon clarkie, Eudryas brevipennis, Ctenucha brunnea, Arctia arizonensts,
Arachnis picta, Gastropacha mildet, Gluphisia terlooi, Hy. Edw., Hepialus
McGlasheni, J} J and 2 2, and many other good things.
L. E. RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cal.
NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.

Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per 1000, Also other goods
for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,
114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1. ‘‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.

II to VII, 1879-1885, each . , : ; ; . $1.00
| Vol. I is out of print.]
2. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883 . _.50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-
Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . : 125
4. Synopsis of the Lucanidze of the U. S. by Chas. ues
with plate, 10 pp. .50

5. Check-List ofthe N. A. Macrolepidapeera(iuenale Sen
gid, Bombycide, Noctuidee and Ones 32 pp.
1382. : -25

6. Synopsis of the Cicmaclide: st the U. 5. “ae N. AGaeaee
by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and

woodcuts. : ; : Seep
qin Papilio,’ Vols: Ito IV, 1880-1884, ee : ; St 2.0G
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :

Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 ; 3 ree
f Part II, 138 pp. 1885 ; é BRE 3,

Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico,
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . 1.50

g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera, i Ph. R. Uhler,
33 pp. 1886 : 50

10. First Supplement to ibaa’: S Cheats fist of Coleoptera,
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 : 125

Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Refercanent 14
pp. 1889. : : ; : . = ees
keer Entomologica Aare a Vols. Ito Vjreach> + 2.06

EE <2

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
- set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Cal., So. Cal.,'Or., Wash:, Vance: “No.2 Me., (Neon Vi Maser,
R. 1, E€t..- No. 3 N. Y.}-N-J.; Penns Del.j Md-- No.4 Van We Vag eee
N. C., S.C. No. 5 Ga., Fla:, Ala., Miss., ‘Tenn, ’: No. ‘6° Ohio; Ind.; Sails
Ky., Mo. No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill. No.8 La., Tex., Ark., IT.,
N. M. No.9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. 10 Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No. 11 Can., N. F., B. A., R. A., Alask., Lab., Hud. B. No. 12 of 21 liaes,
Q 21 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No. 1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines,.S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

VOL. VI.-No. 8. AUGUST, 1890.

TON U6 Ice
AMERIGANA

A MonTHry JourNnAL oF EntTomococy.

PUBLISHED BY THE

BrookIny Entomological Society

————P_ @

EDITOR:
JOHN B. SMITH,

RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEW BRUNSWICK, N. 2G

ASS’T EDITOR:
FRANK Hh, Garren DEIN,

BROOKLYN INSTITUTE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomological Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

. Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. Y., as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn

President, Capt. T. L. CASEY, U.S. A.
Vice-President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
Rec. Sec., ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS,

Cor. Sec., FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE,

if F. H. CHITTENDEN,

Curator:
Dt) akin WEEKS,

Entomological Society.

Army Building, New York.

16 Broad Street, New York.

235 West 122d Street, New York.
182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
3rooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N, Y.
1329 Myrtle Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE:

THOS: L.- CASEY,
CHARLES PALM,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL,

CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
GUSTAV BEYER,
OTTOMAR DIETZ,

HENRY EDWARDS.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, _ Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month

in its rooms at the

Brooklyn Institute,

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
{Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge. ] BROOKLYN, N. Y.
EEE <2 > —

Entomologica Americana,

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . $2.00
Single copies, each. Ra eae tes eee
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum 3.00
Single insertions : ; : ‘ MSs

Larger advertisements at special rates.

——e CA DOO

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-

tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

JOHN ARE URST;

Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a specialty.
—— Price-List sent on ap-
e plication.

2 : 78 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. Brooklyn, N. Y.

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by. exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection.
Very liberal Exchanges will be given. Send for List of my desiderata.
EDWARD L. GRAEF,
40 Court St. Brooklyn, N Ns

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
COLEOPTERA of North America by exchange or purchase.
BUPRESTID and-WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to , purchase good American COLEOPTE RA, ‘unmounted | pre-

ferred, especially BupRESTID&. Also any papers on Coleoptera se in oe
collection, G. W. J. ANGELL, 44 Hudson St.,

GEO. FRA NK. 293 Ewen Street,
Brooklyn, E, D.. N. Y.,
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world... List of dupli-

cates sent on application.

North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometride and Mi-

crolepidoptera. CEO. HULST,
‘ 15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E.-D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City.

wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exch..nge of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern. U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana

and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.
Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers
or set, especially Papilio, Ornithoptera, Pierida and Nymphalidz. In the
next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders to
JOHN FRUHSTORFER,

Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

FOR SALE— Phaneus pluto o' one specimen. 47 -adycinetus hornii
Rivers, six specimens. Cenopeus palmeri. Also Chionobas itvallda, Po-
gocolon clarkie, Eudryas brevipennis, Clenucha brunnea, Arctia arizonensis,
Arachnis picta, Gastropacha mildei, Gluphisia terlooi, Hy. Edw., Hepialus
Mc Glasheni, Jf and & 2, and many other good things. is

LE. RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cal.

NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.
Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per 1000. Also other goods

for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,
: 114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1. ‘‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.
II to VII, 1879-1885, each . : ei : .. B1.00

[| Vol. I is out of print.]
2. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883 . | .50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-

Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . : 125
4. Synopsis of the Lucanide of the U. S. by Ghee Pucks,
with plate, ro pp. ; 50

. Check-List ofthe N. A. Mactolepidopben: (Diaete Sphine
gide, Bombycide, Noctuide and Geometride), 32 pp.
1882° 3 .25
6. Synopsis @ the Gignacias of the U. = of N. face
by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and

on

woodcuts. ‘ : ‘ OS
a0 * Papilio)’ Vols> Ita IV, 1880-1884, ee : ; k2O@
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :

Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 : . Sosa
5 Part II, 138 pp. 1885 ; : 1.00

Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Metta,
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . : 1.50

g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera oe Ph. R2 Ubler,
33 pp. 1886 3 -50

10. First Supplement to Henna S Cheuk: Fast of Coleoptera,
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 : ‘ 125

Second Supplement, with Bibliographical References, I4
pp. 1889 . : : Stage
t1. ‘‘ Entomologica Aico irate I to V, ae ; Pe")

a Oe

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Cal., So. Cal., Or., Wash., ‘Vance. No. 2 Me., N. H., Vt., Mass.,
Ro, Cec..No.-3°N.-Y., N. J; Penn, Deli Md. - Nol’ Val Wo Nia ees
N.C., S.C. No. 5 Ga.,.Fla., Ala., Miss., Tenn. No. 6 Ohio, Ind., S. IIL,
Ky.; Mo; “No, 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., fa.,-N-l) \Novstias Vex. Ark. Tbe
N. M. No. g Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. ro Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No. 11 Can., N. F., B. A., R. A., Alask., Lab., Hud. B. No. 12 ¢/ 21 haés,
Q 21 lines. :

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No. 1,-N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

VOL. VI.—No. 9. SEPTEMBER, 1890.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

————>-.@

EDITOR :
JOHN B. SMITH,
RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEW BruNSWICK, N. J.

—

ASS’T EDITOR:
FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,

BROOKLYN INSTITUTE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomological Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. Y., as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

President, Capt. T. L. CASEY, U.S. A. i < ; Army Building, New York.
Vice-President, RICHARD F: PEARSALL, é 3 . 16 Broad Street, New York.
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS, : 4 235 West 122d Street, New York.
Rec. Sec.,. ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, " ‘ +3 182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Cor. Sec. FRANK H. CHITTENDEN, . , . Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE, ; , 5 . 1329 Myrtle Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.
Curators: 4° FH: CHITTENDEN,
: ( A. C. WEEKS.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE:
PHOS wGAohy. CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
CHARLES PALM, GUSTAV BEYER,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL, OTTOMAR DIETZ,
HENRY EDWARDS.
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,

. A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month
in its rooms at the

Brooklyn meting.

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
[Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge. ] BROOKLYN WN. Xx
——— AS Oe

— Entomologica Americana.

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . : , 2.06
Single copies, each. Aba ies © : ee
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . : 2°. 3,00
Single insertions ; A : eee

Larger advertisements at special rates.

Se

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society:at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators,

JOHN ABEHURST,

Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a speciaity.
—— Price-List sent on ap-
a plication.
r : 78 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. Brooklyn, N. Y.

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection,
Very liberal Exchanges will be given. Send for List of my desiderata.
EDWARD L. GRAEF,
4o Court St., 3rooklyn, N.Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
CoLeorpTeRA of North America by exchange or purchase.
BUPRESTID and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good Z American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-

ferred, especially BupresTID#. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection. G. W. J. ANGELL, 44 Hudson Si cael Be oh
GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Street,
Breokliyn, E, D., N. Y.,
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application,

North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridze and Mi-

crolepidoptera. GEO. D. HULST,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City.
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exch nge of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.
Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers

or set, especially Papilio, Ornithoptera, Pieridee and Nymphalide. In the

next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders-to

JOHN FRUHSTORFER,

Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

“FOR SALE. —Phaneus pluto Sone specimen. Bradycinetus hornit
Rivers, six specimens. Cenopeus palmeri. Also Chionobas tvalida, Po-

gocolon clarkia, Eudryas brevipennis, Clenucha brunnea, Arctia arizonensis,

Arachnis picta, Gast sy mildei, Gluphisia terlooi, Hy. Edw., go es
Mc Glasheni, JS and 2 2, and many other good things.

L. E: RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cale

‘NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.
Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per 1000. Also other goods

for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,
114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

t. ‘‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’ Vols.

II to VII, 1879-1885, each . : : ‘ : . $1.00
| Vol. Lis out of print.]
2 Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883. _.50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-
Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 °. : .25
4. Synopsis of the Lucanidz of the U. S. by Chas. Faces
with plate, 10 pp. : .50

. Check-List ofthe N. A. Asarslepidansceaciumenaie Sphive
gide, Bombycidz, Noctuide and Geometridz), 32 pp.
1882 . : 25
6. Synopsis of the Ciciadettie af the U. Se os, N. Aimer
by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and

our

woodcuts . ; ; A - 1.00
75° ** Papilio,’’ Vols. Tsto IV, 1880-1884, nh : : BOS
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :

Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 ; ; o= (50
ai Part II, 138 pp. 1885 : ; + eee
Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico,

206 pp. I plate, 1884 . : 1.50
g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera - Ph. R: Okie

33 pp. 1886 5 5 50.
to. First Supplement to Prendheren S Chavis Tat of Coleoptera,

by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 : 725

Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Reierensen: I4

Pps ISSO : , ; : : re

t1. ‘* Entomologica Warctaee eels Ite -eqch=s aD

rrr <> ee

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

Nor1"Cal:; So: Cal. Ora Wash: Vane; “No: 2) Mes NosEie Vit) asses
Re 1L;-Ct. No.-3 N. Y., N-J., Penn,, Del. Md. (Nowa Vara vale
WN: G.,.S. C.- No. 5 Ga., Fla.; Ala, Miss: Denn, dNo) 6 -Ollom Inds.
Ky., Mo. No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill: No. 8 La., Tex., Ark., I. T.,
N. M. No. 9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. ro Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No. 11 Can., N. F., B. A., R. A., Alask., Lab., Hud: B: No. 12 J‘ 21 lines,
© a1 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No.1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

VOL. VI.—No. 10. OCTOBER, 1890.

TON Glg
AMERICANA

A MonTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

————__ © ——

EDITOR :

JOHN B. SMITH,
RUTGERS COLLEGE,
New BrunSswWICK, N. J.

ASS’T EDITOR:

FRANK H, CHITTENDEN,

BROOKLYN INSTITUTE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomological Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. Y., as Secand Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL, Z 5 ; . 16 Broad Street, New York.
Vice-President, OTTOMAR DIETZ, Z 23 Park Row, New York.
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS, * 235 West 122d Street, New York.
Rec. Sec.. ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, ; ; : 182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Cor. Sec.,. FRANK H. CHITTENDEN, . : . Brooklyn Instituge, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE, i ; é . 1542 Gates Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

{ F. H. CHITTENDEN,

SSREBEOrS, | A. C. WEEKS.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE:
RICHARD F. PEARSALL, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
CHARLES PALM, GUSTAV BEYER,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL, OTTOMAR DIETZ,
HENRY EDWARDS.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,

A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month
in its rooms at the

Brook kgn Institute.

196 to 200 WASHINGTON STREET,
[Near entrance to Brooklyn Bridge.] BROOKLYN, N. Y.
EE

Entomologica Americana.

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . ; . $2.00
Single copies, each. : 3 : A ee
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . : - 3D
Single insertions : f : . : Re,

Larger advertisements at special rates.

<~-_P

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

‘oe COLLIN AVS re RS Ts

Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
7) sect Pins a specialty.
Price-List sent on ap-
plication.

8 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. “ Brook leniN Y.

MM iin.

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection. .
Very liberal Exchanges will be given. Send for List of my desiderata.
EDWARD L. GRAEF,
4o Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
CoLEopPTERA of North America by exchange or purchase.
BUPRESTID and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-
ferred, especially BupREsTID&. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection. G. W. J. ANGELL, 44 Hudson St., N. Y.

GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Street,
Brooklyn, E, D., N. Y.,
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.

North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridz and Mi-

crolepidoptera. GEO. D. HULST,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City,
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exchange of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.
Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers
or set, especiaily Papilio, Ornithoptera, Pieridae and Nymphalide. In the
next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders to
JOHN FRUHSTORFER,

Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

FOR SALE.—Pianeus pluto 3\ one specimen. Bradycinetus hornit
Rivers, six specimens. Cenopeus palmeri. Also Chionobas ivallda, Po-
gocolon clarkie, Eudryas brevipennis, Clenucha brunnea, Arctia arizonensis,
Arachnis picta, Gastropacha mildei, Gluphisia terloot, Hy. Edw., Hepialus
McGlasheni, 33 and 2 2, and many other good things.

L. E. RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cal.
NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.

Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per 1000, Also other goods
for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,

114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1. ‘Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.
II to VII, 1879-1885, each . ; ; ; 4 . $1.00

[Vol. Lis out of print.]

2. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883. .50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le- ses
7 Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . : 25
4. Synopsis of the Lucanidz of the U. S. by ges. Fuchs

with plate, 10 pp. 5 .50

. Check-List ofthe N. A. Mastolenidopesa Glruraale: See
gid, Bombycide, Noctuide and Geometridz), 32 pp.
1882 . : 225
6. Synopsis of the Geindelde, a the U. & of N. Ainosieas
by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and

n

woodcuts . ; ; : Oe
qo. Papilio;** ‘Vols. Ite IV, 1880-1884, oun : ; - '2:00
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :
Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 : : eee
$e Part II, 138 pp. 1885 ‘ 2) AOS
Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico:
206 pp. I plate, 1884 . : 1.50
g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera by Ph. RB: Uhler,
33 pp. 1886 ; : -50
10. First Supplement to Henshaw's Check: or of Goreoaes,
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 : <5 ees
Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Reka I4
pp. 1889 . : : 3 kong
tr. ‘‘ Entomologica ree: Vales I to V, oon : :) 200

——eE De Oo

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Gal.,.So. Cal, Qr:;-Wash., Vance: No.2 Me: N. Hi VtaMasse
Rk. dy Ct... No: 3 'N. Y., N. J;,.:Penn., Del.; Md: - Nov Va. Wives ee
NOG. SC. «No. 5 Ga., Fla:; Ala:~Miss:, Tenn. No.6) Ohio; Ind3/S) ile
Ky., Mo: No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill. No. 8 La., Tex., Ark., I. T.,
N. M. No. 9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. to Ks:, Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No, 1r'Gan:; N. F., B. A.,,R: A., Alask.. Lab., HudvBi~ No...12 4) aialiaes:
© 21 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. No. 1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines. No. 2,
L. I., 21 lines, C. I., 8 lines, S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and.on good paper.

VOL. VI.-No. Il. NOVEMBER, 890.

TON UCIcg
AMERICAN

A. MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

EDITOR:

JOHN B. SMITH,
RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEw BrunNSWICK, N. J.

ASS’T EDITOR:

FRANK H., CHITTENDEN,
BROOKLYN INSTITUTE,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomological Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. Y., as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

President, RICHARD F. PEARSALL, 2 ~ : . 16 Broad Street, New York.
Vice-President, OTTOMAR DIETZ, Z : ‘ 23 Park Row, New York.
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS, 5 : 235 West 122d Street, New Yor
Rec. Sec., ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, ‘ . : 182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. —
Cor. Sec., FRANK H. CHITTENDEN, . é . Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE, ; . i . 1542 Gates Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

Curators F. H. CHITTENDEN,
es ae A. C. WEEKS.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE :

RICHARD F,. PEARSALL, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,
CHARLES PALM, GUSTAV BEYER,
GEORGE W. J. ANGELL, OTTOMAR DIETZ,

HENRY EDWARDS.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEE:
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,
A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BRookKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month

in its rooms at the

Tioagland: Leaboratary

COR. PACIFIC AND HENRY STREETS,
{Near South Ferry.] BROOKLYN, N. Y.
Sd

Entomologica Americana.

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . ‘ . $2.00
Single copies, each. : : 3 ; ee
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . : — ized
Single insertions ‘ : , : : ok ee

Larger advertisements at special rates.

Er <2_ >

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Brooklyn Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made
to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

~~ — a Es See a
1
2 -
2

JOHN AKEURST,
Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a specialty.
Price-List sent on ap-
plication.

8 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. i Brooklyn, N. Y.

V)

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection.
Very liberal Exchanges will be given. Send for List of my desiderata.
EDWARD L. GRAEF,
40 Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
CoLeEopPTERA of North America by exchange or purchase.
BUPRESTID and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good American COLEOPTERA, unmounted pre-
ferred, especially BupREsTID#. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection. G. W. J. ANGELL, 44 Hudson St., N. Y.

GEO. FRANK, 293 Ewen Street,
Brooklyn, E, D., N. Y.,
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.

North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridz and Mi-
crolepidoptera. GEO; D). BULST,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258, New York City,
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase or
exchange of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.

Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers
or set, especially Papilio, Ornithoptera, Pieridae and Nymphalidz. In the
next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders to

JOHN FRUHSTORFER,
Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

FOR SALE.—Pianeus pluto J one specimen. Bradycinetus hornit
Rivers, six specimens. Cenopeus palmeri. Also Chionobas ivalida, Po-
gocolon clarkie, Eudryas brevipennis, Clenucha brunnea, Arctia arizonensis,
Arachnis picta, Gastropacha mildei, Gluphisia terlooi, Hy. Edw., Hepialus
Mc Glasheni, 3 S$ and 2 2, and many other good things.

L. E. RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cal.

NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.
Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at $1.25 per 1000. Also other goods

for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,
114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

it

WwW N

on

oy KOE

Dr.

set.

R. T;:Ct.. No. 3 N. Y., Ni: J., Penn, Del.) Md No. Va: We vas,

‘« Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.
II to VII, 1879-1885, each.

[ Vol. Lis out of print.]

. Explanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883 .
. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-

Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879

. Synopsis of the Lucanidz of the U. S. by Cans Rechs,

with plate, 10 pp.

. Check-Listofthe N. A. MacrolepidapseraC nerale. Seis

gidee, Bombycidze, Noctuidz and ere ret, 32 pp.
1882

Synopsis of the Ganenis oF the U. S. of N. bahovicn:

by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four colored) and
woodcuts : ;
‘* Papilio,’’ Vols. I to IV, 1880-1884, zh

. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows :

Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884
% Part II, 138 pp. 1885 . ;
Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mexico,
206 pp. I plate, 1884 .

. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera, e Ph. R. bles

33 pp- 1886
First Supplement to Hessiawi S Chen reine of Coleoptera,

by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 :
Second Supplement, with Bibliographical Rabie I4

pp. 1889 ‘ ¢ :
‘‘ Entomologica Rmencapae ’ Vols. Ito V;. each’

———r— <P

LOCALITY LABELS.

. $1.00

.50

25

50

on

I.00
2.00

.50
1.00

1.50

.50

25

25
2.00

In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per

Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :
No. 1 Cal:, So. Cal., Or., Wash; Vane.) No: 2. MesaNisHie Vite

N.C., S.C. No. 5 Ga., Fla., Ala., Miss., Tenn. No. 6 Ohio, Ind.,

Ky., Mo. No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., Ia., N. Ill. No. 8 La., Tex., Ark.,

Mass.,
Dp: e.
S.-H,
| ae

N. M. No.9 Col., Wy., Mon., Dak., Neb. No. ro Ks., Nev., Ut., Id., Ariz.
No. 11 Can., N. F., B. A., R. A., Alask., Lab., Hud. By No..12 (cf 2) lgesme
© a1 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local

tors have also been prepared. No. 1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J., 21 lines.
., 21 lines, C. L., 8 lines, S. I., 13 lines. These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

| |

collec-
No. 2,

VOL. VI.—No. 12. | DECEMBER, |890.

TON UGI¢e
AMERIGANA

A MONTHLY JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY.

PUBLISHED BY THE

Brooklyn Entomological Society

EDITOR:
JOHN B. SMITH,
RUTGERS COLLEGE,
NEw BRunsSWICK, N. J.
ASS’T EDITOR:
FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,

HOAGLAND LABORATORY,
BROOKLYN, N. Y.

P. C. STOCKHAUSEN, Entomological Printer, 55 N. 7th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Entered at the Post Office at Brooklyn, N. ¥., as Second Class Matter.

Officers of the Brooklyn Entomological Society.

President, RICHARD F, PEARSALL, : ; : . 16 Broad Street, New York.
Vice-President, OTTOMAR DIETZ, . ; : = . 23 Park Row, New York.
Treasurer, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS, 5 : 235 West 122d Street, New York.
Rec. Sec., ARCHIBALD C. WEEKS, . ‘ , 182 Park Place, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Cor. Sec.. FRANK H. CHITTENDEN, . ; Hoagiand Laboratory, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Librarian, HERMAN MEESKE, : . : . 1542 Gates Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.
¥ ( F. H. CHITTENDEN,
Curators, =< Se
( A. C. WEEKS.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE:

RICHARD F, PEARSALL, CHRISTOPHER H. ROBERTS,

CHARLES PALM, GUSTAV BEYER,

GEORGE W.J. ANGELL, * OTTOMAR DIETZ,

HENRY EDWARDS.
PUBLICATION COMMITTEE: ‘
Editor—JOHN B. SMITH, Ass’t Editor—FRANK H. CHITTENDEN,
EDWARD L. GRAEF, RICHARD F. PEARSALL,

A. W. PUTMAN CRAMER.
HE meetings of the BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY
are held on the evenings of the first Tuesday of each month
in its rooms at the

Hoagland Laboratory.

COR. PACIFIC AND HENRY STREETS,
{Near South Ferry.] BROOKE YIN, Nix,
——— << Se

Entomologica Americana

Subscription per volume, of twelve numbers, . ; . $2:00
Single copies, each. ‘ ‘ : 2
Advertisements, six lines or less, per annum . : 52 Oa
Single insertions : : emai °)

Larger advertisements at special rates.

———— CS OE

Special Notice.

Books or papers for notice or review, and articles for publica-
tion, should be sent to the editor.

Exchanges and donations to library should be addressed to the
Society at the Hoagland Laboratory, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Business communications relating to the journal should be made

to the assistant editor.

Subscriptions and other business communications should be sent
to the treasurer.

Insects for identification, or as donations to the collection of
the Society, go to either of the curators.

;

7 GEN Aer UT RSE,
Taxidermist and Dealer in Entomological Supplies

Fine Carlsbader In-
sect Pins a specialty.
Price-List sent on ap-
plication.

78 Ashland Place,
Improved Entomological Forceps. / Brooklyn, N. Y.

The undersigned is desirous of obtaining by exchange or purchase all
species of U. S. Lepidoptera still wanting in his collection.
Very liberal Exchanges will be given. Send for List of my desiderata.
EDWARD L. GRAEF,
40 Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

C. H. ROBERTS, 233 West 122d Street, N. Y. City, desires to obtain
COLEOPTERA of North America by exchange or purchase.
BUPRESTIDE and WATER BEETLES especially desired.

I desire to purchase good ‘American COLE OPTERA, unmounted pre-

ferred, especially BuPRESTID#. Also any papers on Coleoptera not in my
collection. Gio. Ward. ANGELL, 44 Hudson St, Nerve

GI E oO. FR A NK, 293 Ewen Street,
Brooklyn, E, D.. N. Y.,.
desires to exchange Lepidoptera from all parts of the world. List of dupli-
cates sent on application.

‘North American Lepidoptera wanted, especially Geometridee and Mi-

crolepidoptera CEO. D> HUES,
15 Himrod St., Brooklyn, E. D.

B. Neumoegen, P. 0. Box 258. New York City.
wishes to arrange with collectors in all parts of the world for the purchase cr
exch nge of Lepidoptera. Western and Southwestern U. S. species espe-
cially desired, and liberal prices will be paid for material from Utah, Montana
and Oregon.

TO COLLECTORS.

Well preserved and rare butterflies from Ceylon at lowest prices, in papers
or set, especially Papilio, Ornithoptera, Pieridae and Nymphalidz. In the
next months I go to the Sunda Islands. Send orders to
JOHN FRUHSTORFER,

Berlin N., Gartenstrasse 27.

FOR SALE.—Pihanwus pluto {\ one specimen. Br adycinelus hornii
Rivers, six specimens. Cewnopeus palmeri. Also Chionobas ivallda, Po-

gocolon clarkie, Eudryas brevipennis, Clenucha brunnea, Arctia arizonensis,

Arachnis picta, Gastropacha mildei, Gluphisia terlooi, Hy. Edw., Hepialus
Mc Glasheni, {4 and 2 3, and many other good things.

L. E. RICKSECKER, Santa Rosa, Cal.

NOTICE TO COLLECTORS.
Insect Pins, Klaeger’s and Carlsbad, at’$1.25 per 1000. Also other goods

for entomologists. A. SMITH & SONS,
114 Fulton Street, N. Y.

Publications For Sale by the

BROOKLYN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

1. ‘‘ Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society,’’ Vols.

II to VII, 1879-1885, each . : F : : . $100 .
| Vol. lis out of print.]
Pp hs xplanation of terms used in Entomology, 38 pp. 1883. —_.50
3. Synopsis of the N. A. species of Platynus by John L. Le-
Conte, 16 pp. November, 1879 . : 25
4. Synopsis of the Lucanidz of the U. S. by Chas. Paoli!
with plate, 10 pp. R 50

. Check-List ofthe N. A. Namrolepidor’ era (DigEHale Sanit
gide, Bombycidze, Noctuidze and Geometride , 32 pp.
1882". : 2

6. Synopsis of the Ccieteiee of the U. Bi of N. Acne

by F. G. Schaupp, with five plates (four Be se and

n

Cn

woodcuts : : » 0g
7. Paotie,” Mos. te IV, 1880-1884, wick : ; . (23a)
8. Capt. T. L. Casey’s papers as follows
Contributions, etc., Part I, 60 pp. 1884 , ; oa eae
5S Part II, 138 pp. 1885 : 1.00
Revision of the Stenini of America, North of Mesaea
206 pp. 1 plate, 1884 . : 1.50
g. Check-List of Hemiptera- Heteroptera ay Ph. R. Uhler
3 pp. 1886 ‘ : .50
FO. ne Eitan to Henshaw’s Check: eS of Cocaptees
by Samuel Henshaw, 8 pp. 1887 es
Second Supplement, with Biblingeapibel elecentes 14
Pp: 1680, « : : : : 25
t1. ‘* Entomologica Paneer es Vv ols. q to v, Saat +2 2S,

—E A 2D OO

LOCALITY LABELS.
In sets of 12 sheets have been prepared and are for sale at 15 cents per
set. Each sheet contains 42 lines and the sheets contain as follows :

No. 1 Gal., So. Cal., Or., Wash.,,Vanc. No. 2 Mei; N. H.; Vts Masse.
R.1., Ct. No. 3 N. Y.;.N. J.,)Penn., Del., Md.: Nen4 Vac2W ovaries
N. C.,S..C.. No. 5 Gai, Fla. Alas Miss:, Penn. > No:.6 Ohio; Indivsor ils
Ky., Mo. No. 7 Minn., Wis., Mich., la., N. Ill: Noo8a., Tex; Ark., is
N. M. No. 9 Col., Wy.; Mon:; Dak., Neb: No: 10 Ks:, Neéev:, Ut, ids sre
No. 11 Can., N. F., B. A., R. A:; Alask.. Lab., Hud. B. No. 12% 21 lines,
> 21 lines.

Any sheet sold separately at 2 cents per sheet. Specials for local collec-
tors have also been prepared. JNo. 1, N. Y., 21 lines, N. J.. 21 lines. No. 2,
aia 2Y lines, C..I., 8 imes,St ?, 13 es These are furnished at two cents
per sheet. All neatly printed and on good paper.

; L
ip

ANION

3 9088 01267