THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S

ti

MONTHLY MAGAZINE:

CONDUCTED BY

C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLER, M.A., F.L.S.

G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. McLACHLAN, F.R.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.R.S.

LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., &c.

SECOND SEEIES-VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

Try to learn something about everything, and everything about something.

Huxley.

LONDON :

GURNET & JACKSON (Mr. Van Voorst's Successors),

1, PATERNOSTER ROW.

1902.

mht:-o

LONDON :

NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE, N.W.

MDCCCCII.

«»»

XvU><

Ent.Month.Mag.,1902,Pl.l.

\

Acletoxenus Syrphoides.

Edwii V. a bridqe.

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE

SECOND SERIES-VOL. XIII.

[VOLUME XXXVIIL]

NOTE ON ACLETOXENUS SYRPHOIDES, Feauenfeld.
BY J. E. COLLIN, F.E.S.

(Plate I.)

The genus Acletoxenus belongs to the subfamily DrosopliilincB (as
defined by Schiner) of the Aealyptrate Muscidce, and because of the
absence of the nervure separating the second basal from the discal
cell, and its bare arista, it approaches Aulacigaster and Qitona*

In Aulacigaster, however, the middle cross-vein is considerably
nearer the base of the wing, being opposite a point in the costa about
midway between the humeral cross-vein and the end of the subcostal
(first longitudinal) vein, and the head is differently shaped with a
produced mouth-edge and only two pairs of fronto-orbital bristles ;
A. ruftfarsis has two pairs of the outer dorsal row of bristles on the
thorax, the front pair being about halfway down, no presutural bristle
and only one sternopleural bristle. The absence of ocellar bristles
and the continuation of the costa to the end of the discal (fourth
longitudinal) vein, are characters common to both Aulacigaster and
Acletoxenus.

In Gitona the middle cross-vein is opposite the end of the sub-
costal vein, and only separated from the outer cross-vein by a little
more than the length of that cross-vein ; it has strongly developed
ocellar bristles and rather smaller eyes and consequently larger jowls.

Acletoxenus syrpiioides, Frauenf., Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien (1868),

152, 897.
<J ? . Head in profile semicircular, eyes occupying almost the entire side of

* It should be noticed that in Schiner's table on page xiii of his " Fauna Austriaca Diptera,
II," the position of the words " 488. Gatt. Aulacigaster. 209 " and " 492. Gatt. Gitona. 274 " should
bo reversed [y. Frauenf. Verh. z.-b. Wien, xviii (1868) 151, note at the bottom of page].

UABY, 1902.

O [January,

the head, leaving practically no jowls ; antennse placed below the middle of the
head. Face and frons of almost equal width and less than one-third the width of
the head, face without the conspicuous keel of many Drosopldlince. Face, frons
and first two joints of the antennse whitish, slightly tinged with yellow, third an-
tennal joint and proboscis a rich dull yellow, clypeus and palpi blackish. Three
pairs of fronto-orbital bristles, the two upper pairs pointing backwards, the lower
pair forwards ; two pairs of vertical bristles, inner pair pointing backwards and
parallel, outer pair pointing backwards and outwards ; postvertical pair small,
decussate, immediately behind the ocellar triangle ; one pair of small vibrissa) ;
ocellar bristles absent.

Thorax shining black, with a clothing of short black hairs entirely confined to
the black part of the disc ; a patch extending from the humerus to the root of the
wing and including the presutural bristle is of the colour of the frons, while the
postalar callus and the large broad seutellum are a bright citron-yellow ; pleurae
rather paler coloured than the seutellum ; while the sternopleura, a round spot on
pteropleura in front of, and a larger spot just below, the hypopleural spiracle, are
black. There are one humeral, two posthumeral, one presutural, one supra-alar,
one postalar, and four prescutellar bristles, which latter apparently represent the
last of the inner and outer rows of dorsal bristles ; there is also a second small
bristle on the postalar callus near the basal corner of the seutellum, while there are
four scutellar and two nearly equally strong sternopleural bristles.

Abdomen of the male as figured, but in the female the dark markings are not
so extended, as the second segment has only a small dark spot in the middle, and
one at each extreme side, while the third segment has only a central dark spot with
faint indications of the rest of the band ; and the dark markings on the fourth and
fifth segments are not so extensive.

Legs of the same colour as the frons, and without pre-apical or any other
bristles ; the first joint of every tarsus rather longer than the other four joints
together.

Wings as figured, quite clear. Mediastinal vein rudimentary, no nervure se-
parating the second basal from the discal cell, anal cell small but obviously present.
Halteres pale yellowish.

Frauenfeld bred this species from larva? found among Aleurodes
pliillyrece, Hal., on Cratcecjus ; while he also caught it on evergreen
Viburnum trees infested with Aleurodes Jelineki, v. Frf. Mr. F.
Jenkinson has recorded on p. 300 of this Magazine for last year his
capture of this species at Cambringe.

Synonymical Note.
Meigen, in 1830, described an Ac/romyza omata, his short de-
scription answering very well to our insect, and if he overlooked the
presence of the small nervure separating the second basal from the
discal cell, it might well be our species ; but Prof. Brauer, has in-
formed me that Schiner recognised Meigen's Agromyza omata, there
being a specimen so named by him in the Coll. Musei Vindobon., and
that specimen is not Acleioxenus syrphoides.

1902.]

Walker professed to recognise A. ornata, Mg., but his descrip-
tion can hardly be taken to refer to our insect, as he says :— " costal
vein ending at the tip of the wing : prcelrachial (discal) ending on the
hind border at some distance from the tip" whereas in A. stjrphoides
the costa is continued to the end of the discal vein ; also in his synop-
tical table he says :— " Discal transverse vein parted by very little more
than its length from the prcelrachial transverse, and ly nearly twice its
length from the border," which again does not suit our insect. In
spite of this, and possibly because Walker gave his species as preying
on Aleurodes phillyrece, Haliday in writing to Frauenfeld, said :— " The
species described by Walker appears identical with Acletoxenus syr-
phoides " (v. Frauenfeld, Verh. z.-b. Wien, xviii, 898), and caused
Frauenfeld to give A. ornata, Wlk. {nee Mg.), as a synonym of his
Acletoxenus syrphoides ; though in the descriptions there seems to be
far more evidence against Walker's ornata being a synonym than
there is against Meigen's ornata. Apparently it was only through
this synonymy that the name A. syrphoides was recorded in our
British List.

Loew, in 1864, described a species as Gitona formosa, and his
description applies wonderfully well to our insect ; but he says the
bristles on the frons are entirely as in G. distigma, whereas in A.
syrphoides the ocellar bristles are absent, and he also says the venation
is exactly the same as in G. distigma, whereas in A. syrphoides there
are marked differences (v. Frauenfeld's figures, Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien,
xviii, 899).

Under these circumstances, only an examination of the original
type specimens, or the capture of specimens answering more ac-
curately to the descriptions, will settle the synonymy of this species ;
as a help to future students I may add that Prof. Brauer has failed
to find the type of Meigen's A. ornata in the Winthem Collection at
Vienna, so it may be in Paris ; Mr. E. E. Austen cannot find Walker's
specimens of A. ornata at the British Museum ; Dr. Carpenter writes
from the Science and Art Museum, Dublin : " after a good look at
the Haliday Brosophilines, I have failed to find anything approaching
your figure ;" while Loew's type of G. formosa is probably in his
collection at Berlin, but I have not been able to ascertain any parti-
culars about it.

Sussex Lodge, Newmarket :

December, 1901.

A 2

4 [January,

A NEW SPECIES OF MICEOQASTEE.

BY CLAUDE MORLEY, F.E.S., &c.

MlCROGASTEIt SUFFOLCIENSIS, Sp. 11.

Niger, pubescens ; metanoto glabro, sec/mentis abdominis prima et se-
cundo testaceis lateralis, his lineis duabus impress-is, oblique ex angulis
apiralibus versus medium bans ascendentibus instrueta.

Head black, dull ; labrum and palpi flavous, mandibles darker ; clypeus circu-
larly separated from the face, broadly rounded in front, sparingly punctate and
diffusely pubescent ; face punctate, covered with long scanty white hairs, longitu-
dinally indistinctly carinated in the centre. Antennae gradually attenuated from
base to apex, pilose, the joints cylindrical ; black, somewhat piceous beneath.
Mesonotum shining, closely and finely punctate and pubescent ; mesopleura? brilliant,
obsoletely punctate with scattered pubescence. Metanotum glabrous, broader than
long, subrectangular ; centrally canaliculate and transversely strigose. Scutelluni
very flat, brilliant, obsoletely punctate and pubescent. Abdomen subparallel-sided,
dorsally deplanate, nearly smooth, with scattered white hairs ; first segment slightly
longer than broad, with strong raised testaceous lateral margins, each of which in
its basal half bears about fifteen long white radiant setae ; these margins become
broader apically, and are separated from the central area by a linear depression ;
central area basally depressed and glabrous, apically bifoveolate, subrugulose and
pubescent ; second segment subrugulose, with smooth central tubercle, thrice
broader than long, obliquely impressed, and thus forming a triangle at the anterior
angles, which is testaceous ; third and fourth segments with distinct blue reflection
in a strong light ; ventral surface laterally more or less testaceous ; terebra sub-
exserted. Legs flavous ; hind pair slightly inflated, with the tibioa stramineous, cal-
caria and base of tarsal joints whitish ; base of posterior coxae, apex of hind tibia; and
tarsal joints, and extreme apex of hind femora, black. Wings hyaline throughout ;
tegula and costa testaceous, stigma piceous, nervures in part fuscous.

Length, ? , 3j mm. Wings, 8 mm.

This species appears to be intermediate between the Rev. T. A.
Marshall's Sections 1 and 2 (cf. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1885, p. 238 ;
et Andre's Spp. Hyrnenop. d'Europe, tomes 4 and 5) ; it agrees with
the former in having the terebra short, the wings hyaline, and the
size small ; and with the latter in its broad, deplanate, basally rugose
abdomen and slightly thickened hind legs.

Its nearest ally is probably M. globatus (? L.), Nees, with which
it agrees in the rugulose basal segments, fuscous belly, and rufous
femora ; but it differs therefrom in the entirely pale palpi, abdomen
ventrally testaceous at the sides, coxa? and trochanters more or
less red, hind tarsi fuscous, with base of the joints broadly pale
stramineous, mesonotum and pleura) closely and finely punctate and
nitidulous, and the calcaria, which are hardly half as long as the
metatarsus.

1902]

The sculpture and colour of the first two abdominal segments,
which bear a somewhat close resemblance to those of M. tiro, Reinb.,
and the annulation of the hind tarsi, are remarkable.

The type emerged from among larval of Nothris verbascella, S.
V., in LS99. Mr. Frank Norgate, who has kindly presented me with
the unique specimen, informs me he is not at all sure that it was
parasitic upon that moth, but if so, it certainly emerged from the
larvm ; the parasite's cocoon may, however, have been carried in
among the food plant (Verbascum pulverulentwm, Vill.), which, together
with the larval, was found in Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk.

Ipswich : November 1st, 1901.

STICTOCORIS FLAVEOLA, Bohm., AN ADDITIONAL SPECIES OP
BRITISH CICADINA.

BY JAMES EDWARDS, F. E. S.

Stictocoris plaveola, Bohm.
Thamnotcttix flaveola, Bohemau, Sv. Ak. Hand!., 1845, 33, 9; Fieber,
Cicad. d'Eur. (Thamnotettix), 90, 31. Jassus (Athysanus) flaveola,
Flor, Rhyn. Liv.. ii, 291, 9. Stictocoris flaveola, J. Sahlberg, Not.
Feun., xii, 259, 4.

J . Upper-side deep yellow, inclining to orange, shining ; the frontal sutures
and a small spot at the base of each antenna, black. Crown as long as half its basal
width, one-fifth longer in the middle than at the sides, its fore margin broadly rounded.
Pronotum about one fourth longer than the crown. Abdomen above black, with
the sides narrowly yellow and the last segment yellowish-white, or black with the
sides broadly, the last segment, and a row of subquadrate spots down each side,
yellow : beneath yellow, with the sides narrowly, and an elongate triangular, more
or less interrupted middle stripe, black. Genital valve a little shorter than the
preceding segment, widely rounded behind ; genital plates five times as long as the
valve, their outer edges feebly sinuate towards their narrowly rounded apices. Legs
deep yellow with a reddish tinge, the hind tibiae with an external series of black
points.

? . Pale sordid yellow, the black markings on the abdomen much reduced.
Crown one-sixth longer than half its basal width, one-third longer in the middle
than at the sides, its free margin broadly rounded. Pronotum about one-fourth
longer than the crown. Last ventral segment about half as long in the middle as
at the sides, the hind margin with a large rounded notch in the middle, the outer
posterior angles rounded. Length, 4 — 4-J mm.

I am indebted to the industry and good fortune of Mr. W. West
for the opportunity of recording this addition to the British fauna ;
his specimens were taken in September amongst long grass in damp

Q [January,

places near London (Lee, Shooters' Hill and Kidbroot). 1 should
add that my determination of the species has been confirmed by Dr.
John Sahlberg.

Colesbornc, Cheltenham :

» December 5th, 1901.

SUFFOLK LEPIDOPTERA IN 1901.
BY TI1E REV. E. N. BLOOMEIELD M.A., F.E.S.

Two gentlemen, Mr. A. E. Gribbs, F.L S., of St. Albans, and Mr. C. A. Pyett,
of Ipsv.'ich, have both collected this summer in the same localities, Felixstowe and
Bentley, near Ipswich. Mr. Gibbs has sent me a full list of species met with by
him, with notes on their occurrence, and has authorized mc to send the following
account. His visit to Felixstowe extended from July 6th to August 5th ; the
whole of bis collecting was done within a few miles of the town, with the exception
of visits to the Bentley Woods on the 13th and again on the 23rd to the 25th of
July.

Of the Rhopalocera, Limenitis Sibylla, L., was very plentiful in the Bentley
Woods, as was also Thecla querela, L., which flew in clouds round some young
aspens and oaks ; Lyccena argiolus, L., was also common there. Of the Heterocera,
Calligenia miniata, Forst., and Limacodes testudo, W. V., were taken at Bentley.
Porthesia chrysorrhcea, L., a single specimen at light, and Arctia villica, L., at
Felixstowe. The latter occurred also at the Orwell Woods. Many larvae of P.
chrysorrhcea were taken at Felixstowe by a friend of Mr. Gibbs.

The Noctuce were in abundance at Felixstowe, and many interesting species
were met with. Mamestra abjecta, lib., M. albicolon, lib., Acronycta aceris, L.,
Agrotis ripce, Hb., Aplecta advena, W. V., Hadena suasa, W. V., and Heliothis
marginata, F., all occurred, none of them singly, while long series of Agrotis
valligera, W. V. (vestigialis), A. nigricans, L., and A. trilici, L., were taken, in-
cluding many nice varieties. Apamea oculea, F., was also very abundant at
Bentley and Felixstowe ; some of its varieties were very much like A. ophiogramma,
Esp. A specimen of this latter species was taken by Mr. Pyett, in Ipswich, at
light. Thyatira batis, L., Cymatophora or, WW., Xylophasia scolopacina, Esp.,
Noctua rhomboidea, Tr. (stigmatica) , and Orthosia suspecta, Hb., were all met
witb at Bentley Woods.

The Oeometrce were not so well represented ; Acidalia trigeminata, Haw.,
occurred at the Bentley and Orwell Woods ; this species, which is usually rare, is
far from uncommon in East Suffolk ; Macaria notata, L., was in good quantity at
Bentley, July 13th, while Acidalia emutaria, Hb., at Felixstowe, and Coremia
quadrifasciaria, L., at the Orwell Woods, complete the list of the better Geometrce.

The Pyralides were in fair numbers ; Cledeobia angustalis, W. V., was locally
plentiful near Felixstowe, where also occurred Scoparia lineola, Curt., and Pyralis
fimbrialis, W. V., the latter species was abundant this year at Ipswich, as was
also Endotricha flammealis, W. V. ; two specimens of the rare Spilodes palealis,
W. V., were taken at Felixstowe, one at light, the other on the cliffs, and Ebulea
verbascalis. W. V., at Bentley.

The Crambi were represented by several interesting species, Crambus pimlellus,

1002.] 7

L., at Bentley and Felixstowe, C. falsellus, W. V., and C. contaminellus, lib., the
latter plentifully. Also at Felixstowe, Anerastia lotella, lib., llomceosoma sinuella,
F., in fair quantity, and Nyctegretes achatinella, lib. ; to these may be added
Shodophoea Jormosa, Haw., in the Orwell Woods, and last, though not least,
* Melissoblaples bipunclanus, Zett., of which a nice series was taken when sugar-
ing at Felixstowe; most of them were at rest on palings near the patches of
sugar, but two of them were settled in the daytime on a tarred shed on Landguard
Common.

A few of the rarer Tortrices may be mentioned : *Tortrix cratcegana, lib.,
*Euchromia purpurana, Haw., and Olindia ulmana, Hb., all at Bentley.

The Tinece were not much collected. The best were Dasycera Ollvierella, F.,
and (Ecophora lunar is, Haw., at Felixstowe ; this latter species, Mr. Pyett tells me,
is common at Ipswich. Several specimens of Gelechia celerella, Dougl., were
taken at sugar at Felixstowe. This species and Depressaria badiella, Hb., were
specially in evidence one windy evening when very little else was stirring. These
captures are very interesting, as it was on a specimen of G. celerella, taken at
Lowestoft, in July, 1871, that Mr. Stainton introduced Gelechia strelilziella, H.S.,
into our lists. This latter, however, has not yet been met with in Britain. The
species marked * are new to the Suffolk list.

Mr. C. A. Pyett has met with the following species new to the County :
Leioptilus osteodactylus, Zett., one at light at Ipswich; Penthina corticana, Hb.
(picana, Frol.), and Stigmonota nitidana, F. (redimitana, Gn.), both at Bentley
Woods. Conchy lis dilucidana, Steph., on the cliffs at Felixstowe ; and Tinea
merdella, Zett., and T. nigripunctella, Haw., both at Ipswich, the first in plenty in
the Lecture Hall, the second on the door posts of the Hospital.

Gruestling : November, 1901.

The Walsingham Collections. — With a view to avoid misconception and enquiry,
it may be well to state for the information of our readers that by a Heed dated
November 23rd, 1901, between the Trustees of the British Museum and myself, all
my collections of Micro-Lepidoptera have now become the property of the Trustees,
upon the condition that I am to retain them in my care and custody so long as
I may desire to do so.

This will in no way interfere with the study or improvement of the collections
during my lifetime, but will rather enhance the interest with which I shall en-
deavour to render them as complete as possible. — Walsingham, Merton Hall,
Thetford : November 2'Srd, 1901.

Ophiodes lunaris in Delamere Forest. — While sugaring at Delamere Forest on
June 1st this year, one Ophiodes lunaris was taken by Mr. T. Wright, of Warring-
ton. Mr. Wright is a new beginner, and did not know what his capture was till
the end of the season, when he had it named for him. — A. G. Wallington, 10,
Arthur Street, Warrington : December, 1901.

Re-occurrence of Atherix crassipes, Meig. — I went to Ticehurst again last July
in search of this Uipteron, and found it not uncommonly (both sexes) in the same
locality as before (cf. Ent. Mo. Mag., 1901, p. 10).— H. W. Andrews, Eltham :
December \Wi, 1901.

3 [January,

List of British Jjiptera, Edition II.— I expect the advertisement will appear
on the wrapper of the issue of this Second Edition, and consequently to anticipate
criticism let me admit that I had overlooked Meade's Descriptive List of the British
Anthomyida which was published by Gurney and Jackson in 1897.

In this List the following species were included which are omitted by me : —
Hyetodesia vagans, Fin., Mydcea long it arsis, Meade, Phorbia humerella, Zett., P.
trapezoides, Zett., Pegomyia setaria, Wdm., P. tenera, Zett., Hydrophoria fusca,
Meade, while Pegonomyia alpicola, Meade, is renamed P. Meade i, Pokorny.

I do not admit the validity of any of these species, as they are all unknown to
me, and may very probably be synonyms of species which are in my List, but I
ought to have noticed them.

I may mention here that, although Meade sank his Hydrotcea parva as a sy-
nonym of E. glabricula, I have had numerous specimens of both (quite distinct)
species, which have been captured in 19U1. — G. H. Vebrall, Sussex Lodge, New-
market: December, 1901.

The galls of Oligotrophus annul ipes. — These remarkable Cecidia have apparently
been more than usually common this year. Some magnificent specimens have been
sent to the Museum by Miss Jenkinson from Woodhay in Berkshire, and it has been
noticed by myself and others in the New Forest on the beech leaves. In the
Woodhay specimens there were as many as twenty galls on a leaf, and on some of
the twigs nearly every leaf bore one or more galls. The figures given by Kieft'er
(Ann. Soc. Ent. France, lxix, pi. 42) agree with our British specimens. The Ceci-
domyiid that produces the gall stands in Mr. Verrall's list of British Diptera under
the name of Mormomyia piligera, Lw., but according to Kieffer it should be known
as Oligotrophus annulipes, Hart. Kieffer's memoir is a very valuable production,
but his instructions for mounting and for rearing Cecidomyiida do not appear to
me to be up to the mark, and are in fact very discouraging. — D. Shabp, Cambridge :
November 1st, 1901.

T'he Castelnau Collection — Carabidw : a correction. — In my brief note on this
collection of Coleoptera (Ent. Mo. Mag., 1901, p. 144) there is an error that Dr.
Gestro has pointed out to me. I said that the Carabidce were purchased by the
late Edwin Brown. This is a mistake. The Carabidce were purchased by Marquis
Doria and presented to the Genoa Museum. It was the Cicindelidce, not the Cara-
bidce, that Mr. Brown acquired. — Id.

Coleoptera at Briton Ferry, South Wales.— While at Cardiff about the middle
of July, on business, I managed to get two or three hours' collecting on the sandhills
and the sandy shore near Briton Ferry. On the shore itself I obtained Nebria
complanata, L., Cicindela maritime, Dej. (as the day was very windy these insects
proved very difficult to catch), and Dyschirius politus, Dej. On the sandhills the
following were obtained : — Nacerdes melanura, L., Cteniopus sulphureus, L., Serica
brunnea, L., and Anomala Frischi, F. ; all were crawling about on the bare sand,
except Cteniopus, which was found under a stone. — G. T. Hudson Beare, 2, Heriot
Eoad, Edinburgh ; October Zlst, 1901.

1902.] 9

Coleoplera near Cromer, ftc. — During mv summer holidays at Roughton, near
Cromer, from August 20th to September 9th last, I did a little collecting at odd
times, and managed to find a few local beetles. In moist spots on the broken cliffs
at Overstrand, Tachypua pallipes, Duft., Bembidium nitidulum, Marsh., B. qfflne,
Steph., Menus guttula. Mull., and <S'. pusitlus, Er., were all fairly common, except
the last ; T. pallipes is a very handsome insect, as it runs quickly to and fro in the
sunshine on the muddy ground, and I was very glad to meet with it in fair numbers.
Digging in the cracked clay banks of the cliff brought Nebria Livida, F., to light,
and I secured a good series ; from my experience it evidently occurs at suitable
places in these clay cliffs all round the coast of the north-east corner of Norfolk, but
it was only to be secured by breaking up the split face of the banks — I saw none in
the open. In consequence of the long drought I found scarcely anything worth
taking in the fields round the village of Roughton ; sweeping and searching under
stones were both equally unproductive. Two afternoons were spent in the Broads,
between Wroxham and Horning, and here again insect life was very scarce, a series
of Bradycellus placidus, Gyll., and Psammoschus bipunctatus, F., under a heap of
cut reeds, with Patrobus excavatus, Payk., Carabus granulatus, L., Oodes helopioides ,
F., and Chrysomela staphyloma, L., all very scarce, are the only things worth men-
tioning. The soil is so light and sandy in this corner of Norfolk that a continued
spell of hot dry weather seems absolutely fatal to beetle life. — -Id. : December, 1901.

Trigonogenius glohulum at lloylake. — Amongst one or two batches of the
little " spider beetle " Niptus hololeucus lately kindly collected for me by Mr. J. H.
Jennings of this township, occur three specimens of this recent addition to our list
of imported Coleoptera. One of the insects was taken crawling in the bath, and
the other two found amongst empty medicine bottles in a cupboard in the chemist's
shop beneath. For former representatives of this distinctive little Serricorn species
I am indebted to my friend Mr. .Brockton Tomlin, who received it during 190J from
Oldham, where it occurred not uncommonly in flour mills in that part of Lancashire.
The facts of its appearing in a different habitat, and being an addition to the
Cheshire County List, is of sufficient interest, however, to warrant its present oc-
currence at Hoylake being placed on record. — E. J. Burgess Sopp, Saxholme,
Hoylake : November 11th, 1901.

Orthoptera at Redhill. — I learn from Mr. G. Frisby that he has taken Steno-
bothrus Vmeatus, Panz., and Qomphocerus rufus, L., near Redhill this year and last,
the Gomphocerus was in good numbers in 1900, but appeared rather scarce this
year ; on the only occasion Mr. Frisby was able to search for it the Stenobothrus
was met with far more sparingly in both years : the only other species met with
were the common Stenobothrus bicolor, Charp., S. parallelus, Zett., and Gompho-
cerus maculatus, Thunb. — E. N. Bloomfield, Gruestling : November, 1901.

Aepophilus Bonnairei on the North Devon coast. — Readers of your Magazine
may be interested in learning that I have taken this interesting insect during the
past summer on the North Devon coast, between Barnstaple and Ilfracombe. It
seemed, however, far from plentiful. — W. B. Waterfall, Bristol : Nov. 30th, 1901.

10 [January,

Apatania muliebris, McLach., in Lanarkshire. — During the last ten years I
have had occasion during the month of May to pay several flying visits to a locality
in South Lanarkshire situated at the foot of a hill called Tinto (about 2100 feet).
Almost every time I have taken a single specimen of an Apatania at a clear rill
running alongside the road, such a little perennial watercourse as one frequently finds
in districts whore hill-side springs are numerous. The examples taken were always
? , and as Apatania Wallengreni has been recoi'ded from streamlets in the Kil-
patrick Hills, I considered that my captures were that species, and I did not
critically examine them. A good many $ examples of Apatania (unaccompanied
by (?) recently came into my hands from Arctic Norway, where they were collected
by Herr Strand. The genus is one in which the species much resemble each other
in general facies, and while the $ genitalia have strong distinctive characters, in
the $ the abdomen has a tendency to shrivel, causing the species in many cases to
be practically indeterminable from dried examples in that sex. To see if a moro
intimate knowledge of the true structure of the apical abdominal segments could be
obtained, I prepared a number of bodies as microscopical objects, and as these dis-
closed some rather remarkable points of internal structure, I was led to prepare in
the same way females of all available species of the genus, including the Tinto
insect. A glance at the preparation of the last named showed something absolutely
different from A. Wallengreni, and a beautiful preparation from an example of A.
muliebris from the original Arundel locality (kindly provided specially by Mr.
McLachlan) unmistakably proves that the South Lanarkshire insect is also muliebris.
On the internal structure already alluded to, muliebris is more widely separated
from the other members of the genus known to me than these are from one another ;
but on the subject I shall say more at another time. The precise locality in South
Lanark will probably in these days of improvement be ere long improved out of
sight, but in such a water producing district a careful search will no doubt discover
other localities for the Apatania.— Kenneth J. Morton, 13, Blackford Road,
Edinburgh : December, 1901.

Notes on Rhogas circumscriptus, Nees. — In July, on " Cress," I found, head
downwards, in a perpendicular position the dead larva of a Noclua, most probably
one of the Caradrinre, which at first sight appeared to be simply resting from its
feeding, but a curious opaqueness of the tegument caused me to examine it more
carefully; I then discovered that the skin, which had a very distinct lateral border,
was inflated to its fullest capacity and that it was fastened to the leaf by some
viscous substance so firmly that it required considerable force on my part to tear it
away, and even then it was only the leaf that was rent and not the viscous matter.
The larva was fixed only at the under-side of the head and second segment, the two
hind pairs of legs and all the prolegs being distinctly visible and in no way attached
to the leaf, but the first pair of legs were concealed in the solidified adherent
substance. The anterior segments were much contracted and transversely wrinkled,
and the thirteenth was shrivelled up with the anal prolegs, consisting of a mere
membrane protruded horizontally. Soon afterwards (July 24th) a Braconid which
my friend Mr. Claude Morley, of Ipswich, informs ine is referable to llhogas
(Aleiodes) circumscriptus, Nees, emerged through a large irregularly circular hole
gnawed by the imago through the dorsum of the eleventh and twelfth segments.

1902.] 11

Upon opening the deserted skin, I found the parasite had woven for itself a greyish,
white silken lining and left white exuviae in the second segment, with what might
have been its white pupal skin.

Mr. Morley informs me these notes entirely coincide with those of the Rev. T.
A. Marshall (Mon. Brit. Bracon.), excepting in the particular of attachment. The
latter writes " these larva? after death continue to cling to their food plant," whereas
in the present instance and in others that have passed under my friend's notice,
they are invariably agglutinated thereto in the remarkable manner above described.
Unlike most Hymenopterous parasites they emerge sometimes before their host is
full fed.

This species has been bred from Melanippe yaliata, Tceniocampa stabilis,
Cucullia verbasci and Ebulea crocealis ; and on the continent from Anticlea
rubidata, Eupithecia castigata, Agrotis agathina, Caradrina alsines, Noctua baja,
Tortrix rosana, and Dictyopteryx Holmiana.

Mr. Morley has taken it at Ipswich, Nacton, Easton Broad, Foxhall and
Needham, Suffolk ; at Eaton, Norfolk ; and has received it from Bury St. Edmund's
and Finborough Park, Suffolk ; from Giffnock and Deal, from May to October.
Mr. Marshall says the imago has been found hibernating in birds' nests at Haarlem
in January.

Since writing the above, I have been informed by Mr. Morley that he has bred
a species of Mesochorus from a larva skin containing the pupa of Rhogas circum-
scriptum, found on grass near the falls of the Shin, Inveran, Sutherlandshire, in
October, 1900. — H. J. Chaubonnier, Redland, Bristol : November, 1901.

Hymenoptera Aculeata at Criccieth, Lyndhurst and Newquay. — Early in the
spring of this year I paid a visit to Criccieth with my friend Mr. VV. Gardner in
the hope of capturing the $ s of Osmia xanthomelana, Kirb., and parietina, Curt. In
this we were successful, the males of the former being in fine condition and fairly
abundant. Of the latter, however, only two were taken, and no cells could be
found, which was a great disappointment, as we had hoped to find these and learn
a little of their habits. The flower of Lotus corniculatus seemed to be the only
one that had any attractions for them.

At Lyndhurst, during a short stay in May, I again captured Melecla luctuosa,
Scop., flying along the banks of the rides. It is curiously difficult to see and
appeal's to be very local. I twice noticed it on the flowers of Cynoglossum officinale.
Amongst other Aculeates taken were Andrena lapponica, Zett., fairly abundant on
the flowers of Vaccinium, all more or less worn, Osmia pilicornis, Sm., leucomelana,
Kirb., Sphecodes rubicundus, v. Hag., <J , Nomada Jiavoguttata, Kirb., bifida,
Thorns.

The whole of the month of July I spent at Newquay, following Mr. Bothney's
suggestions in vols. 34 (page 41), 35 (page 14). In those volumes he gives in-
teresting lists of Aculeates taken during August and suggests at the same time that
perhaps the month of July might give better results, especially as regards the
Fossores. Many of the following insects appeared in great abundance, especially
those belonging to the genera Salius, Ainmophila, Cerceris, Epeolus and Coelioxys.
No Nomadas were seen, though other parasites were far more numerous than their
hosts. The following is a complete list observed on the coast within three miles of
Newquay ; the localities are mentioned when that distance was exceeded.

12 [January,

Formica fusca, Latr. ; Lasius fuliginosus, Latr., niger, Linn., flavus, de Geer ;
Tetramorium ccespitum, Linn. ; Myrmica rubra, Linn. ; Myrmosa mehtnocephala,
Fab., <Js, $ s ; Methoca ichneumon ides, Latr., <j? s (Perran Porth) ; Sapyga quinque-
punctata, Fab. ; Pompilus rujipes, Linn., cinctellus, Spin., niger, Fab., approxi-
matus, Sin., plumbeus, Fab., cha/ybeatus, Sch., gibbus, Fab., unguicularis, Thorns.,
pectinipes, V. de Lind. ; Salius affinis, V. de Lind., pusillus, Sch. ; Ceropales
maculatus, Fabr. ; Tachytes pectinipes, Linn. ; Trypoxylon figulus, Linn. ; Ammo-
phila sabulusa, Linn., hirsuta, Scop. ; Pemphredon lugubris, Latr., lethifer, Shuck. ;
Oorytes tumidus, Panz. ; Nysson dimidiatus, Jur. ; Mellinus arvensis, Linn. ;
Cerceris arenaria, Linn., labiata, Fab. ; Osybelus uniglumis, Linn., mucronatus,
Fabr. (Holywell Bay) ; Crabro leucostomus, Linn., elongatalus, V. de Lind.,
Wesmaeli, V. de Lind., dimidiatus, Fab., cephalotes, Panz., cribrarius, Linn., vagus,
Linn., albilabris, Fab. ; Entomognathus brevis, V. de Lind. ; Vespa sylvestris,
Scop. ; Odynerus pictus, Curt., parietum, Linn., trimarginatus, Zett. ; Colletes
fodiens, Kirb., picistigma, Thoius., marginata, Sm. ; Prosopis hyalinata, Sm.,
brevicornis, Nyl., Sphecodes gibbus, Linn., hyalinatus, Sch., Halictus rubicundus,
Chr., leucozonius Schr., cylindricus, Fab., tumulorum, Linn., nitidiuscidus, Kirb.,
Smeathmanellus, Kirb. ; Andrena pilipes, Fab., bimaculata, Kirb. (Perran), rosce,
Panz. (Perran), thoracica, Fab., Gwynana, Kirb., nigriceps, Kirb., simillima, Sm.
(Perran), fulvicrus, Kirb., ftdoago, Chr., similis, Sm., WilJcella, Kirb., Afzeliella,
Kirb. ; Cilissa leporina, Panz. ; Panurgus ursinus, Gmel. ; Dasypoda hirtipes,
Latr. ; Epeolus productus, Thorns. ; Cwlioxys vectis, Curt., elongata, Sep., acu-
minata, Nyl. ; Megachile maritima, Kirb., centuncularis, Linn., argentata, Fab. ;
Osmia fulvioentris, Panz., aurulenta, Panz. ; Anthidium manicatum, Linn. ;
Anthophora furcata, Panz., quadrimaculata, Panz. ; Saropoda bimaculata, Panz. ;
Psithyrus vestalis, Fourc, campestris, Panz., Bombus venustus, Sm., agrorum, Fab.,
Latreillellus, Kirb., var. distingttendus, Mor., hortorum, Linn., var. Harrisellus,
Kirb., lapidarius, Linn., pratorum, Linn., terreslris, Linn.

The partiality of Anthophora quadrimaculata for the flower of Lamium purpu-
reum vrna most marked. Two small patches of this plant occurred on the coast within
one or two miles of Newquay and they were rarely passed without two or three
specimens being seen on them; they apparently visited no other flower. A large
colony of Andrena pilipes on the top of Porth Island was so near the edge of the
cliff that the spray from every rough sea soaked the ground and denuded it of all
plant life. The burrows were vertical and so close togetber that the 15 $ s and
17 ? s were dug out from about six square inches of cliff.— E. B. Nevinson.,
3, Tedworth Square, Chelsea : December, 19uJ.

lUutcuj.

Monograph of the Coccid^; of the British Isles : by Eobert New-
stead, F.E.S., &c. Vol. i. Pp. xii and 220, 8vo. Plates A— E and i— xxxiv.
London : Bay Society. 1901.

Before our venerable colleague Mr. Douglas (now in his 8Sth year) commenced
his series of articles in 1881 in this Magazine, little attention was paid to British
Coccidce, and abroad there was little else than Signoret's " Essai." It is needless to

1902.] 13

point out how all this has become changed. In this country the progress has cul-
minated in the appearance of the 1st volume of Mr. Newstead's Monograph now
before us. No one could have been found better able to undertake this task. Com-
paratively young, enthusiastic and conscientious, laborious and nearly wholly self
taught, he has also the advantage that in early life he occupied the position of a
practical horticulturist, for almost any work on Coccidm appeals nearly equally to
the entomologist and the horticulturist. Most of the plates, except those wholly
devoted to details, are coloured. Mr. Newstead's method of working is well known
to our readers and needs no explanation, but we must draw attention especially to
two economical subjects here treated upon, viz., the destruction of Coccidce by birds,
and their destruction or control by various insecticides. This work should be
widely circulated ; vol. ii should be even more interesting, inasmuch as it will deal
largely with the forms secreting a cottony coating. — R. McL.

(Dbttuarn.

Henry Wyndham Vivian, M.A., F.E.S., of Grlenafon, Port Talbot, Glamorgan-
shire, died at Ste Cecile, Belgium, on November 17th, 1901, aged 33, having been
born in 1868. He was the eldest son of Mr. A. Pendarves Vivian by his first wife,
Lady Augusta Emily, daughter of the third Earl of Dunraven, and married in
January, 1899, Lady Maude Clements, daughter of the fourth Earl of Leitrim, who,
with his one daughter, survives him. lie was educated at Eton and Cambridge,
were he graduated in honours, was a J. P. for the County of Glamorgan, and a Major
in the 2nd Volunteer Battalion of the Welsh Regiment.

One of the most amiable men whom it has been the writer's good fortune to
have as a friend ; he was exceptionally clever and intelligent, and his loss is deeply
deplored by his relatives and all who knew him intimately. Like many other good
Entomologists who have not left much record of themselves in print, he studied his
favourite subjects more for the sake of the pleasure and interest which they afforded
him than witli a view to publication of any sort. It is from this cause, and not from
any lack of knowledge or ability, that his published writings, which are scattered
through the Ent. Mo. Mag. and other Magazines, are not more numerous. What
there is, is good. His energy in collecting was inexhaustible, and was not infre-
quently too much for his health, which was never very strong. In spite of his
height of 6 ft. 4 in., he was remarkably active and sure-footed, and in a rough and
rocky place like Portland there were few who could keep up with him.

His collection of Macro-Lepidoptera contains many rarities and fine series, and
will probably be presented to some Museum. He was very fond of all branches of
Natural History, and in the last few years took a fine series of beautiful photographs
of birds' nests and eggs in many localities, which deserve publication.

He had suffered for many months from a lingering illness, which incapacitated
him from all his favourite pursuits, but which he bore with the utmost patience and
cheerfulness. He went abroad for his health last May, and had seemed to get
better, but the end came somewhat suddenly. He joined the Entomological Society
of London in 1889. — N. M. Richardson.

14 [January,

J§c defies.

Birmingham Entomological Society : October 21st, 1901. — Mr. G. T.
Betiidne-Baker, President, in the Chair.

Mr. R. C. Bradley exhibited Anthrax paniscus, males and females, taken last
August at Criccieth, N. Wales, in dull weather. Mr. G-. W. Wynn, a collection of
Lepidoptera made at Wyre Forest at sugar on two consecutive evenings only, June
23rd and 24th last ; he was unusually successful, the moths being in great numbers
on every patch of sugar, they included Thyatlra batis, L., Habrosyne derasa, L.,
Cymatophora duplaris, L., C.fluctuosa, Hb. (1), C. or, F., and C. octogeslma, Hb.
(1), Acronycta leporlna, L., Hadena hepatica, Hb., H. sordida, Bkh., Agrotls ex-
clamationis, L. (fine varieties), A. cinerea, Hb., A. prasina, F. (herbida, Hb.),
Mamestra tincta, Brahm, M. contigua, Vill., Boarmla luridata, Bkh. (extersaria,
Hb.). Of these, C. duplaris, B. luridata, 31. contigua, and 31. tincta were common,
the last named being a perfect nuisance. Apropos of A. cinerea, he said that he
took one female, which in his experience was much rarer than the male, and he had
never seen it at sugar before, though he had taken the males. Mr. C. J. Wain wright,
a specimen of Protopara convolvull, L., which had been sent to him from Wiltshire.
Mr. H. W. Ellis, Coleoptera, as follows : Sllpha slnuata, from Bewdley, Oalerucella
tenella, ITydrochus etongatus, and Bagous cyllndrus,s]\ from Bedfordshire, the latter
species in some numbers. Mr. J. T. Fountain, Pierls Daplldlce, L., from Jersey,
taken in August last ; a bred series of Selenla lunarla, Schiff., both spring and
autumn forms for comparison ; and a series of Ennomos querclnarla, Hufn. (angu-
larla, Hb.), bred from a Brockenhurst 9 • Mr. A. D. Imms, Machllls maritlma,
one of the Thysanura, and Anurlda maritlma, one of the Collembola, both from
Port Erin Bay, Isle of Man, August, 1901. The former was common on the rocks
and cliff face, &c, and also came into the Biological Station in numbers, and occurred
all over the house ; the latter was common between tide marks in rock pools, &c.
Mr. Gr. T. Bethune-Baker, a drawer full of Ccenonympha from many localities, in-
cluding a good series of Tlphon, Rott. (davus, F.), var. phlloxenus, Esp. {Eothliebl,
Stgr.), from Witherslack and Chartley Moss, and pale continental forms; he said
that though Barrett figures and describes the pale form of this species as a mountain
form, yet in his experience it was the usual form on the continent. Mr. W. H.
Flint read a very interesting paper upon " The Digestive Tract in Lepidoptera."
He gave an account of his own researches, illustrating them upon the blackboard ;
describing the morphology, physiology, and embryology, &c, of the various organs.
Amongst other things he mentioned that this spring he had a large brood of En-
dromls verslcolora, L., which died without eating. On dissecting to ascertain the
cause, he found that the mesenteron and proctodeum had never been united, and
consequently there was no passage through. — Colbran J. Wainwright, Hon. Sec.

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society: Nov. WtJi, 1901.

Mr. R. Wilding, Vice-President, in the Chair.

Minutes of the preceding Meeting were read and confirmed.

Messrs. Mallinson, Wynne, Dunlop, and Harrison were elected Members of
the Society.

1902.] 15

Mr. F. N. Pierce, F.E.S., read a paper, entitled, "The Home of the Swallow-
Tails, " which was illustrated by lime-light views. After a short resume of the
notices of Papilio Machaon scattered through the chief entomological literature of
three centuries, he described its " habit, habits, and habitat." From his remarks
upon the two latter we derived the cheering intelligence that in the Norfolk Broads,
at all events, this splendid insect will not be exterminated for many a year to come.
Its strong flight, for the most part over swamps, the wide diffusion of its food
plant, Daucus carota, which carpets the ground everywhere, the consequent impos-
sibility of its being all examined, and the possession by the larva of peculiar organs
to drive away ichneumons and birds, all point to this conclusion. Tho habit of P.
Machaon is very constant, the essayist having seen but few remarkable varieties.
One of these, in which the ground colour is deep yellow, he exhibited along with
other Fen species. During the discussion Dr. J. W. Ellis gave a short account of
his Fenland experiences. Mr. R. Wilding (Chairman) was confident that new
species of all Orders awaited the enthusiastic worker in the Fens. Mr. E. J.
Burgess Sopp exhibited the very beautiful Chrysomela cerealis, along with many
other rarities, and stated that he was elucidating the life-history of this gem from
Snowdon's coronet, a work which he is the first to attempt, so far as is known.
Dr. Ellis referred to the pleasure which the sight of this species occurring
suddenly in abundance on the mountain had given to him. Dr. J. Cotton,
Lepidoptera from the Grange and the New Forest. Mr. W. A. Tyerman, a beauti-
ful series taken at Carrog, which included P. inter rogationis, li. ccesiata, and
Noctua triangulum. Specimens of Chlcenius nigricornis from the banks of the
River Gowry were shown, and their habits remai'ked upon by Mr. F. Birch. —
Fredk. Birch, Hon. Joint Secretary.

The South London Entomological and Natural History Society :
Sept. 18th, 1901.— Mr. W. J. Lucas, B.A., F.E.S., Vice-President, in the Chair.

Mr. F. M. B. Carr exhibited a varied series of Cidaria truncata from Porlock,
N. Somerset, taken among bilberry; no specimens of the yellow form were seen.
Mr. Lucas, two specimens of the dragon-fly, Libelluia fulva, taken near Christ-
church by Major Robertson. Mr. Bishop, a bred series of Eugonia polychloros,
from ova seen laid naturally in the open by a female in the New Forest. Mr. R.
Adkin, a specimen of Cossus ligniperda, bred from a larva captured and then
placed in a tree in his garden ; and a series of Boarmia consortaria reared from
Abbots Wood pupa;, i-emarking on the scarcity of the species for some time till the
last two years. Mr. Kemp, two specimens of Sphinx convolvuli taken at Hythe,
near Southampton. Mr. Colthrup, a nice series of Colias Hyale from Margate;
Triphcena orbona from Deal, showing red forms of various intensity ; and a very
varying series of Triphcena fimbria from the I. of Wight. Messrs. Harrison and
Maine had taken some ten specimens of S. convolvuli at lamps at Forest Gate ;
Mr. McArthur said that the species was common at Brighton.

October \0th. - Mr. F. Noad Clarke, Vice-President, in the Chair.

Mr. McArthur exhibited larvae of Triphcena comes in a novel cage adapted
from one of the globular wire cages for catching flies. Mr. Barrett, a var. of
Epinephele tithonus with xanthic spots, and an unusually large and pale male of

10 [January,

Fidonia atomaria, both from Oxshott. Mr. Garrett, a long bred series of Vanessa
Io. Mr. Kirkaldy, his collection of Nahince from all parts of the world, and called
attention to its being especially rich in winged forms. Mr. Kemp, a portion of
broom stem bored by the Coleoptera, Hylastinus obscurns, Lcemophloeus ater, and
Phloeophthorus rhododactylus from Oxshott. Mr. Adkin, a fine bred series of
Lophopteryx cuculla (cucullina) from Sussex, and remarked that some of the pupae
were lying over. Mr. South, specimens of Thyatira bads, T. cognata, and T.
aurorine belonging to the Cymatopkorida ; together with Risoba trimaculata and
Cymatophorapsis sinuata, belonging to the Stictopterinre, and contributed notes,
especially with reference to the very close superficial resemblance between these two
sets of species, although they belonged to two widely sepai'ated groups of moths.
Mr. Step communicated a short Report of the Field Meeting held at Oxshott on
October 5th, and gave a list of the fungi gathered. — Hy. J. Turner, Hon. Sec.

October 24th, 1901.— Mr. A. Harrison, F.L.S., in the Chair.

Mr. West (Greenwich) exhibited about 90 species of British Romoptera, mainly
taken by himself, and which he generously gave to the Society's collection. Mr.
Barrett, a long series of Bryophila muralis (glandiferd), of a somewhat dull
coloration, from Shorncliffe, and a series of B. perla, including one particularly dark
form. Mr. W. J. Kaye, two species of Lepidoptera new to science, discovered by
him at Bartica, British Guiana, during a collecting expedition this year, viz. :
Papilio, sp. ?, near P. latinus, and a Sphingid, Ambulyx, sp. ?, near A. strigilis.
Mr. II. Moore, specimens of Sphinx convolvuli, taken in Rotherhithe this autumn,
and an example of S. ligustri, bred from a larva found in the same place. Messrs.
Harrison and Main, six specimens of S. conrolvuli taken at the electric lights on
the Romford Road, E. Mr. R. Adkin, bred series of Plusia tnoneta, from larva?
found in a garden at Bexley, and a bred series of P. gamma from eggs laid by a ?
which flew into his house ; he contributed notes on the occurrence, feeding, and
habits of the latter species ; also a series of Boarmia repandata. taken by Mr.
McArthur in the Isle of Lewis in 1901. The latter gentleman, the same species
captured in 1887 and 1901 in the same place, together with a ease set up to show
the resting habit of the species on the rocks; he also showed a series of Melanippe
sociata, var. obscurata, from the same locality. Mr. Main, an unusually large
specimen of the spider, Tegenaria domestica. Mr. South, several varieties of Lepi-
doptera received from Mr. Sabine, including, 1. a xanthic Epinephele Janira ; 2.
Argynnis Aglaia, with blotched and radiated under surface ; 3. Polyommatus
Corydon, var. syngrapha ; and 4. P. Icarus, with undeveloped ocelli on the under-
side, with a Chrysophus Phleeas with lar<;e blue blotches. Dr. Chapman, a beautiful
N. American Noctuid he had bred, Aeontia urania ; and three New Zealand speci-
mens of a species of (Eketicvs.

November 4th, 1901. —Mr. W. J. Lucas, B.A., F.E.S., Vice-President in the
Chair.

Mr. Lowe, of Putney, was elected a Member.

Messrs. Harrison and Main exhibited a long bred series of Aqriopis aprilina
from the New Forest, and a series of Calocampa exoleta from Delamere Forest. Mr.
Moore, a Trap-door Spider's nest from Corfu. Dr. Chapman, long and varied series

1902.]

of Parnassius Apollo and P. Delias from various European localities, with many
intermediate forms. Mr. Percy F. Smith gave a lecture on " Spiders," dlustrated
with a large number of lantern slides.-H. J. Turner, Eon. Secretary.

Entomological Society of Londoh : November 6th, I901.-The Rev. Canon
W. W. Fowler, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Mr Arthur W. Bacot, 154, Lower Clapton Road, London, N.F. ; Mr. Edward
Martin Dadd, 3, Colina Villas, Green Lanes, Wood Green, N. ; Mr. George Fred-
erick Leigh. Musgrave Road, Durban, Natal ; Mr. Rupert S. Lower, Oswaldton,
Bartley Crescent, Wayville, South Australia ; Mr. John Crampton Wilkinson Ker-
shaw, Macao, China; Mr. Henry Woolner Peal, Indian Museum, Calcutta ; Mr.
Ethelbert Forbes Skertchly, Hong Kong ; and Mr. Arthur Smith, 5, Cavendish
Street, Grimsby ; were elected Fellows of the Society.

The Rev. F. D. Morice exhibited two imperfectly developed females of Osmia
leucomelana found dead in a rubus stem at Woking, with their cases. Mr. C. P.
Pickett, varieties and aberrations of Colias Eyale taken at Folkestone during August,
1900- 1. Mr. F. B. Jennings, a specimen of Trachyphlaus myrmecophilus, SeidL,
taken at Hastings in September last, retaining intact the deciduous " false mandibles,
with the aid of which the imago of the species of this and certain other genera ot
weevils is said to work its way to the surface after emerging from the pupa under-
ground. These mandibles are usually shed as soon as the imago begins its life
above ground, as there is no further use for them. Mr. W. J. Kaye exhibited a
collection of butterflies made by him in Trinidad, with several hitherto undesenbed
species. He said that the probable total Rhopalocerous fauna was about 250 species,
the island- about the size of Somersetshire-being thus remarkably rich in butter-
flies. The number of the species in the families exhibited were Nymphahdce 34,
SatyridcB 13, Papilionida- 6, Pieridce 31, Erycinidce 29, Lycanid* 27, Eesperud*
62-nearly all taken within three or four miles of Port of Spain. Dr. Chapman,
specimens of Parnassius Apollo taken last July in Castile and Aragon (Spain), as
well as a number of specimens of both P. Apollo and P. Delius, chiefly Swiss and
French, taken by himself, Mr. Tutt, Mr. A. H. Jones (at Digne), and Mr. Rowland-
Brown (at Susa, N. Italy), both for comparison with the Spanish specimens and to
illustrate the extent to which the races of these species approached each other in
Western Europe ; the Spanish specimens differed from most of the others m their
great size, the males reaching 3| in expansion, the females 3* inches. Both males
and females seemed to be exceedingly close to the Asiatic form of Apollo, called hese-
bolus, in general faeies at any rate. The males placed between ordinary Swiss
Apollo and Delius, obviously inclined much more to the latter than the former in
general tone of colour and intensity of markings. The females were very large, and
varied to forms with much increased red ocelli. The best character whereby to
distinguish Apollo from Delius is certainly the black ringed antenna, which are also
usually proportionately shorter. The denser creamier colouring is also very charac-
teristic, yet this would make the Aragon specimens Delius. The pouch of the
female appears to be identical in both species, while the female appendages have no
structural difference observable, beyond one in size, those of Apollo being larger and

18 [January,

so apparently more solid. In the Spanish Apollo this is markedly so, the differences
are however being less proportionately than may be observed in Erebia cethiops, of
which the appendages of Continental specimens are so much larger than those of
British examples. Mr. G. C. Bignell sent for exhibition a specimen of Sphecophaga
vesparum, Curt., and the cocoon from whicli it had been bred. Mr. Donistliorpe
expressed his opinion that the host was a Ground Wasp. Mr. Gilbert J. Arrow
communicated a paper upon "The Genus Hgliota, with descriptions of new forms
and a list of described species ;" and Mr. W. L. Distant, " Contributions to a know-
ledge of the Rhgnchota."

November 20th, 1901. — Mr. G. H. Vekkall, Vice-President, in the Chair.

M. James B. Casserley, 7, Gloucester Boad, Finsbury Park, N. ; and Mr. M.
Lawson Thompson, 35, Leven Street, Saltburn-by-the-Sca ; were elected Fellows of
the Society.

Mr. A. H. Jones exhibited various Lepidoptera from the Cevennes, including a
series of Lycana Dolus, var. vittata, L. Damon, L. meleager, Melanargia iapygia,
var. Cleanthe, and 31. Galatea, ab. leucomelas ; also a dark form of Thais verisyi
bred from a pupa received from Armenia ; also a specimen of Vanessa Antiopa taken
this year at Elthatn, and two specimens of Cerastis erythrocephala bred from ova
laid by parent moth captured at sallows near Canterbury. Mr. H. Rowland-Brown,
a remarkable var. of Melitcea didyma, taken at Chateau de la Caze, Tarn, in which
the black markings of the under wings were almost entirely absent, and a series of
Lyccena Dolus, var. vittata, from the Cevennes, with L. Admetus, var. Rippertii,
showing the remarkable affinity of the two species, which, however, were never
found on the same ground or in the same localities while collecting. Dr. Chapman,
butterflies taken by himself and Mr. G. C. Champion in the Sierra Albarracin,
Spain, last July ; he said, " The district traversed by Mr. Champion and myself
was practically the same as that described by Mrs. Nicholl in her paper in the
Transactions for 1897, and not many new butterflies were added to the list therein. Z.
quercus was taken at Tragacete, but this is in Castile, not in Aragon. Atigiades sylva-
nus was taken both at Albarracin and Tragacete. Adopcea Avtceon was met with at
Cuenca (Castile). Adopcea linea seemed to be more abundant than lineola at all
stations. L. hylas and its variety, nivescens, were found on the same ground. The
common form of L. Corydon seemed to be corydonius, or near that variety. The
very large pale form hispana was the commonest at Albarracin, where the corydo-
nius form was rare, and at Cuenca, and was not seen at Tragacete. Looking at these
and other dimorphic forms occurring here, one could not help questioning whether
Admetus might not be a dimorphic form of Damon. The former was often abund-
ant, the latter always rather scarce. The females, however, have constant differences,
and the general tone of colour and arrangement of spots on the under-sides seem
abundantly sufficient to satisfy one that they are definite species, though very closely
allied. L. Dolus seems to occupy precisely the relation to Damon that nivescens
does to hylas and that the vars. hispana and albicans do to Corydon. The male
appendages of the three, Damon, Dolus, and Admetus appear to be identical. We
observed nothing to account for or explain the use of the colouring of S. Uhagoni.
It resembles very much the female of Semele, which is abundant on the same
ground. But the habits of flight of the two are very different, and we never in

1902.] 19

fact mistook one for the other. The brown colour is no doubt the original one in
the Satyrids, but in this case is more probably a reversion, but as to this I have no
data for an opinion." Mr. L. B. Prout exhibited and commented upon a number
of Geometrida, also taken by Dr. Chapman and Mr. Champion in Spain. Mr. F.
Merrifield, specimens of Pieria rap a and P. erijane from Dalmatia, showing that
the two species are extremely difficult to separate, even if they are not identical.
Mr. C. P. Pickett, varieties of Argynnis Paphia and A. Aglaia, similarly aberrant,
from the New Forest. Mr. C. J. Watkins sent for exhibition micro-photographs of
the larva in its case and the perfect insect of an Oxeythira, one of the Hydroptilidce,
a family of Micro- Trichoptera ; these had been taken by Mr. Mearns, of Aberdeen ;
also a drawing made by himself under the microscope of a larva (in its case) of the
same genus. — H. Rowland-Brown, Hon. Secretary.

LEPTBOPTERA OBSERVED IN THE PARISH OF MORTEHOE,
NORTH DEVON*

BY O. B. LONGSTAFF, M.D., F.TC.C.P.

The parish of Mortehoe, or, as the natives usually call it, Morte,
occupies the uorth-west corner of Devonshire, with about five miles
of coast-line washed by the Bristol Channel and the Atlantic Ocean.
Tt extends some 3| miles from north to south, and about 3 miles from
east to west, and contains 4246 acres. The north-eastern corner of
the parish, extending like a horn, almost severs the western end of
the parish of Ilfracombe, and it is probable that a few of the insects
mentioned may have been observed there, and not in Mortehoe
proper. In like manner it is possible that the same remark may
apply, in a less degree, to the adjoining parishes of George Ham and
West Down.

Speaking generally, north of the Woolacombe Valley and the
railway station the sub-soil is a shaly slate, to the south of these
landmarks a hard sandstone, both being members of the Devonian
system. The vegetation of the road-sides and hedge-banks affords
abundant indications that much of the land now cultivated was
once covered with heather, and many of the higher fields are still
called " moors ; " indeed, I believe some parts of Woolacombe Down
have been enclosed within the memory of men now living.

The first thing to strike an entomologist visiting the locality for
the first time is its high bleak character. A considerable acreage lies
more than 500 ft. above the sea, the highest point being 688 ft.
Secondly, the lack of cover : woods are small, and few and far

* Published also in pamphlet form by Mitchell and Hughes, 140, Wardour St., W. (1001).

B 2

20 [January,

between. Isolated trees, when met with, are stunted, and often
strangely formed, presenting the weird appearance of having been
blown so out of shape as to grow horizontally rather than vertically.
This distortion, by the way, is not so much due to the bending action
of the wind, as to a species of pruning ; the buds growing to windward
are killed, while those on the leeward side are able to develop in
comparative security. Then again, the old stone walls, built of the
native slates and earth, locally called " dry-ditches,"* though grown
over with gorse and brambles, with an occasional thorn bush, or more
often a sallow, do not afford anything like the harbour for insects
that the glorious hedgerows of some of the south-eastern counties do.
Thirdly — and this is by far the most important fact — the entomologist
will be struck with the " tine air " for which Morte is justly celebrated.
The temple of iEolus might well be erected on Challacombe Hill, or
even where the ancient Parish Church stands. It is rarely that there
is not a strong breeze blowing, while gales soon cease to cause
astonishment. This is why trees are so scarce. There are indeed but
few days when the more feeble flyers can get about in comfort, and
even the strongest soon get battered and torn. Hence it is most
difficult to dislodge insects, and even more difficult to catch them
when disturbed.

In association with these peculiar conditions it is interesting to
take a general view of the insect fauna. Butterflies are extremely
numerous as regards individuals, and a fair number of species are met
with. " Sugar" reveals many JVoctuce, a few of great interest, but a
very large proportion of those visiting it is made up of Agrotis
ocanthograplia or Hadena meticulosa. The absence of trees may at
first puzzle the collector accustomed to sugaring in woods, but he will
soon learn that Morte moths prefer to sip their sugar from furze
bushes or tall flowers, even when trees are available. On the other
hand, the Geometrce are but poorly represented, while the scarcity of
Tortrices, both as regards species and specimens, is most marked.

This does not pretend to be, even approximately, a complete list.
To begin with, though always noting such insects as have come across
my path, it is many years since I have myself collected, and the list is
consequently for the most part made up from observations when
accompanying entomological friends in their rambles in the district ;
the work is therefore really due to these friends — The Rev. C. J.
Buckmaster, Mr. D. A. Onslow, Mr. A. L. Onslow, Mr. F. R. D.

* A ditch, properly speaking, consists of that dug out (agger), and the place out of which it
is dug [vallum). In most parts of the country the word is confined to the latter.

1902. 21

Onslow, Mr. Selwyn Image, and Dr. F. A. Dixey.* To the last-
named, who has been my more frequent companion, I am especially
indebted ; most of the insects referred to have passed into his collec-
tion, and several of the more interesting species have been determined
by him. Without his accurate register of captures it would have
been impossible to make the compilation. My visits to Mortehoe,
though annual for twenty-one years, have been for the most part
confined to August and September. Moreover, I have paid com-
paratively little attention to larvae, and have made no systematic
attempt to record any Tineina save a few of the more conspicuous
species.

Nevertheless, with all these limitations, it is not a little remark-
able that none of the following species have turned up : A.festiva,
A. typica, U. niaura, H. striqilis, G. nupta, O. antigua,f P. similis
(auriflua), O. brwnata, A. candidata, AT. strigata (thymiaria), S.
gemmaria (rhomboidaria), H. defoliaria, and O. sambucaria. Many
abundant Tortrices also, such as T. virida?ia, are conspicuous by their
absence. The restricted nature of the fauna is also shown by the
fact that many of the species recorded are represented by but very
few specimens.

Tn 1883 Dr. W. S. Hiding published in the Entomologist an
admirable paper termed 'A Month at Morthoe, North Devon." He
must have worked hard and well to get so many species in the time.
I have included all his observations where I have not been able to
confirm them.

The small size and extreme isolation of Lundy Island gives its
fauna an especial interest, so a few species, mostly of the commonest,
observed on the occasion of flying visits, are here mentioned.

The nomenclature adopted is that of Mr. Mey rick's Handbook of
British Lepidoptera, ls95. Where I have the least doubt as to the
identity of a species, a note of interrogation is appended ; where I
have not been able to verify an observation personally, the species is
included writhin square brackets.

CARADEININA.

Arctiadje.

Lithnsia contplana, one specimen.

[Tyria jaeobcece, Dr. Riding speaks of the larvae as in great numbers ; I have
seen them abundant on Braunton Burrows, but not within the parish, and two
attempts to introduce them have failed.]

* I have not thought it necessary to quote the names of any of these gentlemen, save in
association with a few of the more interesting captures.

t After this was written, Mr. A, L. Onslow when shouting saw a specimen " vapouring over
the fields.

22 [January,

Phragmatobia fuliginnsa, larvae common ; Dr. Dixey found an imago at.
Croyde, 1885.

Diacrisia menthastri, also larvse. D. lubricipeda, larvse.

Arctta villica, a few. [Also larvte. Dr. Dixey, 1897]. .4. caja, not common ;

also larvse.

CARADRINID.E.

Cucullia absinthii, larvse on Artemisia absinthium. C. verbasci ?, larva? pro-
bably of this species were seen on mullein some years ago.

Polia exoleta, at sugar. P. soda (petrificata), at sugar. P. ornithopus

(rhizolitha), at sugar. P. lichenea, several at sugar ; one at. light. P- xantho-

mista (nigrocincta) , scarce ; several females taken when sugaring with Dr. Dixey in
1890 and 1898. [Dr. Riding took three females and four females in 1883.]
Miselia oxyacanthce, at sugar.

[Apnrophyla lutulenta, Dr. Riding took this at sugar.] A. nigra, at light and

sugar ; sometimes abundant. A. lunosa, at sugar and light, also at rest by day.

Orthcisia flora go (silago), scarce at sugar. 0. fulrago (cerago), one, 1894.

0. circellaris (ferruginea), abundant at. sugar. 0. helvola (rvfma), common at

sugar.— — 0. pistacina, common at sugar. 0. macilt-nta, at sugar. 0. lota, at

sugar. 0. satellitia, at sugar.

Conistra vaccinii, common at sugar.

Leucania liiliargyrea, one taken at sugar by Dr. Dixey in 189V. L. littoralis,

one taken at light by Dr. Dixey in 1897. L. conigera, rather common. L. uni-

puncta (extranea), a solitary scout of the American " Army Worm " was captured

September 28th, 1897, when sugaring with Dr. Dixey. L. impura, common.

L. pallens, two specimens.

Monima incerta (instabilis), at sallow bloom. M. stabilis, at. sallow bloom

and sugar. M. pulverulenta (crucla), at sallow bloom. M. munda, one at

sugar. M. gothica, at sallow bloom.

Charceas graminis.

Neuronia popularis, common at light ; one at sugar.

Panolis piniperda, one taken by Dr. Dixey in 1898 in a young fir plantation
which was only planted in 1879, there being no other fir-trees near.

\_Harmodia nana (conspersa), larvse, Dr. Riding.] [H. carpophaga (capso-

phili), larvse, Dr. Riding.] H. capsincola, one specimen in 1884. [Also Dr.

Riding, who found the larvse common.] H. cucubali, one mothing. [Dr. Riding

found the larvse abundant.]

Melanchra cespitis, several at light ; one at sugar. M. serena, larvse common ;

F. D. Onslow. M. dentina, one in 1839. M. oleracea, larvse. M. pisi, larvse

common. M. brassica;, occasionally at sugar ; also larvse.

Agrotis vestigialis (valligera), at light and sugar. A. segetum, common at

sugar. A. ypsilon (suffusa), abundant at sugar. A. exclamationis, common ; in

the beginning of July, 1897, this came to flowers of Centranthus ruber in countless

numbers. A. obelisca, three at sugar. A. nigricans, at sugar. A. saucia,

abundant at sugar. A. cursoria, at sugar, on the sandhills. A. puta, a few at

su„ar_ .4. plecta, common at sugar. A. strigula (porphyrea), larvse.' A.

agathina, taken at heather bloom by A. L. Onslow. A. tritic.i (aquilina), at

su»ar, 1888. 4. simulans (pyrophila) ?, A. L. Onslow. A c-nigrum, at bloom

1902.] 23

of Eupatorium cannabinum ; sometimes abundant at sugar. A. pronuba abund-
ant. A. comes (orbona), common. [-4. brunnea, taken at sugar by Dr. Hiding.]

■ A. xanthographa, very abundant ; often swarming at sugar (also at Lundy

Island). A. umbrosa, common at flowers of Centranthus ruber; also taken at

sugar.- A. rubi (bella), one at sugar, 1892. .4. dahlii, one at sugar, 1890.

A. glareosa, common at sugar.

Triphcena fimbria, occasionally at sugar. T. ianthina, occasionally at sugar.

T. interjecta, one at sugar. T. baja, several at sugar.

Heliothis peltigrra, a specimen taken by Mr. A. L. Onslow, 1899. [? A speci-
men seen by the writer at thistle-flowers at Baggy Point (George Ham Parish) in
1871.]

Ochria ochracea (fiavago), a few.

Luperina testacea, several at light. [Dr. Hiding apparently found it abundant
at sugar, since he speaks of " all sorts of varieties, from strongly-marked specimens
to those in which the lines were barely discernible."]

Rusina teaebrosa ?, a specimen in the house, 1896.

Amphipyra pyramidea, abundant at sugar. A. Iragopoyonis, common at sugar.

Caradrina trapezina, one specimen. G. micacea, not uncommon ; one speci-
men seen at flowers of Eupatorium cannabinum in full daylight. — — C. j'vlva, one
specimen, 1884. C. arcuosa ■ C. quadripunctata (cubicularis), common, es-
pecially in hay and corn stacks. C. taraxaci (blanda), at flowers. (J. trigram-

mica (trilinea), a specimen at sugar, 1889.- Q. matura (cytherea), a few.

Stilbia anomala, occasionally, in 1892 and later. [Dr. Riding took several,
some apparently at sugar.]

Hadena meticvlusa, extremely abundant in the larva state on gladiolus in the
garden, and sometimes swarming at sugar. H. lucipara, Dr. Dixey took a speci-
men " mothing," 1898. H. gem in a, one at sugar, !889. H. polyodon (mono-

glypha), abundant at sugar and flowers of Centranthus ruber. H. lithoxylea.

H. rurea, one at sugar, 1889. 11. basilinea, two at sugar, 1889. H. didyma

(oculeu), abundant at sugar ; extremely variable as usual. H. mctitans, occasion-
ally at sugar ; once seen at ragwort bloom by day. H. literosa, common at sugar

and flowers. H. bicoloria (fur.ncula) ?. H. fasciuncula, one at sugar, 1889.

Metachrostis perla, three specimens. [Dr. Riding found this abundant.]

[Af. muralis (glandifera), Dr. Riding.]

Acronycta psi, [Dr. Riding found the larvae common.]. A. ligustri, one at

sugar, 1884. {A. rumicis, a larva noticed at Lundy.)

PLUSIADiE.

Hypena proboscidalis, not uncommon ; once at sugar.

Scoliopteryx libatrix, common at sugar, also at sallow bloom.

Plusia gamma, larva? abundant ; the perfect insect always abundant, sometimes
in extraordinary swarms (also at Lundy Island). P. triplasia, a larva.

Euclidia mi, larva? abundant.

Panemeria tenebrata {arbuti).
Ocneriad^:.

Dasychira pudibunda, larvae.

Colocasia coryli, a larva on beech. [Common according to Dr. Riding.]

Ocneria monacha, a single specimen at rest on a tree trunk, 1898.

24 [January, 1902.

NOTODONTINA.

HYDRIOMKN1D.&.

\_Chloroclystis coronata, larvae common, Dr. Riding.]

Gymnoscelis pumilata, a larva.

Tepkroclystis absynthiata, larvae abundant on ragwort and Artemisia. T.

assimilata ?. T. oblongata (centaureata) , a larva on heather; imago taken by Mr.

A. L. Onslow. T. subfulvala (? also larvae on yarrow). T. pulchellafa, larv£e.

T. linariata, larvae common. T. castigata (jasinneata), larvae abundant by

sweeping. T. isogrammaria (liaworthiata) , larvas on Clematis vitalba in the

garden. T. nanata, larva?.

Eucestia plagiata, common.

Eustrotna testata, common.

[Plemyria rivata, Dr. Riding]. — — P. sociata (subtrislata, biriviata), common.
[P. galiata, two specimens, Dr. Dixey.]

Hydriomena ocellata. H. vaxiata (obeliscata) , first taken in 1890 in pine-
wood planted in 1879; by 1898, it was decidedly common. II. dotata (pyraliata),

a few. 11. miata ?, one specimen. — — [H. siterata (psittacata) , several, Dr. Dixey.]

H. sordidata (elutata), common. H. truncata (russata, immanala) , both

forms, but immanata the commoner. H. silaceata, scarce. H. dubitata, rather

common, especially at light. (H. unaiigulata, in West Down). H. ajftinitata,

two. [Larvre common, Dr. Riding.] H. decolorata, a few. [Larvae common,

Dr. Riding.] H. bilineata, abundant, but not such a pest as in the London

district.

\_Eucha>ca sylvata, Dr. Riding.]

Xanthorllje limitata (mcnsuraria) , common. X. pZumbaria (pnlumbaria),

not common. X. didtjmata, abundant. X. spadiccaria fferrugaria). H. fer-

rugata (uvidcntaria). X. montancda. X. fluctuata, common, especially in the

garden.— (X. olivata, I have taken this species several times in North Devon

many years ago, but cannot remember seeing it in Mortehoe.) X. viridaria

(pectinitaria, miaria).

Stekrhid^;.

Eois aversata, Dr. Dixey. E. dimidiata (scutulata).- E. bisetata, abundant.

Leptomeris remutaria.

MONOCTENIAD^:.

Baptria atrata (diairophyllata) , several.
Selibosemid^;.

Opisthographis luteolata, (crotagata), common ; also larva?.

Diastictis wauaria (u,avaria)i in the garden.

Ectropis biundularia (crepuscularia, loricaria).

Cleora lichimaria, larvae on lichen on sycamore.

Selidosema repandata, common ; very common in 1898.

Abraxas grossulariala, common (Dr. Dixey noted it on Lundy Island).— — A.
warginaia.

Pseudo-panthera punctata (lemerata) , larvae common. Ps. macularia, common.

Ps. obscuraria (pullata), not uncommon, both forms. Ps. petraria.

Crocota ochrearia (citraria), common. Dr. Riding, in reference to this species,
says, "no plants of Daucus carota were to be found." Presumably this refers to the
particular spots where he saw the moths. The plant is common enough in Mortehoe.

February, 1002]. 25

Hybemia marginaria (progcmmaria), two.

Deilinia pusaria, one. D. exanthemata, common.

[Metiocampa margarita-ria, Dr. Riding.] M. dolobraria, one specimen.

Euchlwna apiciaria, several.

Selenia bilunaria (illunaria), several.

Gonodontis elinguaria, a few.
Poltplocid^:.

Habrosyne derasa, a wing in a cob- web ; also larva.

Thyatira batis, one in sugar-trap.
Sphingid^:.

Macroglossa stellatarum, a few most years ; very common 1899.

Sphinx ligustri, occasionally on the wing ; also larva). S. convolvuli, at

flowers of oarnation, Phlox, Hyacinthui candicans, and Gladiolus, but especially of
white tobacco ; repeatedly came to a flower hold in the hand. Quite common in
1898 and 1901 ; also seen in 1885, 1887, and 1899.

\_Acherontia Atropos, Dr. Dixey got a larva at Croyde, 1885.]

Smerinthus populi.
Notodontid.e.

Odontosia camelina, larvae.

Cerura vinula, larva). [0. furcula, Dr. Riding found larvae at Ilfracombe.]

Phalera bucephala, larva? common.

LASIOCAMPINA.

LASIOCAMPID.3E.

Lasiocampa quercus (callunce), larva) common ; the imago seen occasionally ;
several males came to a newly-emerged female (also found at Lundy Island by Dr.
Dixey).

Eriogaster rubi, larva) common. [Also at Lundy Island.]

Clisiocampa neustria, larva; sometimes abundant ; the imago occasionally at
light.

Odonestis potatoria, common ; also larvae.

NYMPnALiD*. PAPILIONINA.

Argynnis Paphia, common. — —A. Aglaia, common ; one year very common
(? 1885). A. selene, abundant locally.

Vanessa urtica;, usually common ; abundant in 1895 (also at Lundy Island).

IV. polychloros, reported at Lee, Ilfracombe, 1900.] V. io, common ; abundant

in 1900. [_V. Antiopa, a specimen seen by the writer's mother (who described the

insect accurately) at flowers of Centranthus ruber at Hele, near Ilfracombe, in

1866.]- V. Atalanta, very common; in 1897 abundant (also at Lundy Island).

V. cardui, seen nearly every year, but sometimes scarce ; very abundant 1879 ;

hibernated specimens in swarms, May, 1884 ; fresh specimens first seen, July 27th
of the same year, were very common in August, but less so than in 1879 ; it was
common in 1892, but not seen at all in 1901.

SATYRIDiE.

[Mclanargia galathea, a specimen seen on the wing in 1899 by Mr. D. A.
Onslow ; another in the same year seen by both Mr. A. L. Onslow and Mr. P. R-
D. Onslow.]

26 ( February,

Pararge cegeria, occasionally in lanes ; first seen 1886 ; quite common near the
house in recent years, apparently in consequence of the growth of plantations.
P. megwra, abundant.

Satyrus semele, common ; locally abundant.

Epinephele tithonus, one of the commonest butterflies ; very abundant most
years, but in 1897 females were scarce, and in 1898 both sexes were only fairly

common (Dr. Dixey). E. janira, very abundant ; swarming in 1899 (Dr. Dixey

noted it on Lundy Island). E. hyperanthus, common but local.

Canonympha parrvphilus, abundant.
TjYCMSibm.

Tltpcla rubi, several in 1889. T. quercus, two specimens. [Dr. Biding found

it " towards Braunton."]

Chrysophanus astrarche (medon, agestis, artaxerxes), common. [C circe

(dorilis). " At a meeting of the Entomological Society of London on August 6th,
1890, Professor Meldola exhibited a male specimen which had been captured at
Ilfracombe in August, 1887. The captor (Mr. O. H. Latter) had supposed it to be
a hybrid between C. plilcvas and one of the ' blues,' and had only recently identified

it." — Barrett's Lepidoptera of the British Islands, vol. i, p. 62.] C. p/i?ceas>

common.

Lycmna argiolus, August, 1900. L. icarus (alexis), very abundant, especially

1899.

PlERIDiE.

[Colias Hyale? or Ednsa var. Helice?, one seen flying by Mr. A. L. Onslow,

1899, near Saunton Court, in Braunton parish.] C. Edusa, in 1892 common, in

1897 one, in 1899 one, in 1900 common.

Gonepteryx rhamni, not common.

Euchloe cardamines, common.

Pieris napi, very abundant.- P. rapae, abundant. P. brassicw, very abund-
ant ; swarming in 1899. I do not remember to have ever seen butterflies in suck
numbers as this insect and E. janira in that summer.
Hespeeiad^:.

Hesperia tages, common.

Pamphila thaumas (linea), common. P. sylvanus, the commonest of the

skippers.

PYBALIDINA.

GALLERIAD.E.

Aphomia sociclla (colonella).

Crambidje.

Omnibus culmellus, extremely abundant. C. pinellus (pinetellus), two speci-
mens. [C. perlcllus (warringtonellus), abundant on Lundy Island, 1898, Dr.

Dixey.] C. genicnlcus, very abundant on Morte Point. C. tristellus, abundant.

PYRAtJSTID.E.

Notarcha ruralis (verticalis).

Phlyctainia lutealis, common. P. ferrugalis, rather common. P. prunalis.

P. sojnbucalis, one, 1900.

Nomophila hybridalis, abundant ; swarming, 1899.

1902.] 27

Pyrausta purpuraUs (ostrinalis) , both forms. [_P. cespitalis,Dv. Riding.]

[Scopana resinea, Dr. Riding.] [S. murana, Dr. Riding.] I believe this is

the species that is common in my garden. 8. cembrw, three specimens [Also

Dr. Riding.] [S. ambigualis, Dr. Riding.]

Mesographe forficalis.
PTEKOrnouiD^:.

Platyptilia acanthodactyla, also larvae found by Mr. F. R. D. Onslow.

Pterophorvs pentadactylus.

Alucita monodactyla (pterodactyla), common. [A. llthodactyla, Dr. Riding.]

[Stenoptilia bipunctidactyla, Dr. Riding.]

Omeodes hoxadactyla (polydactyla) , abundant, especially in and about the house,

on which honeysuckle grows.

PSYCHINA.

Zygcena JlUpendulce, very abundant; larva? were moved from the shore to
Twitchen, and after a couple of years it was abundant there (also at Lundy Island,
near the church, where Mr. Dixey found it abundant).

TORTRICINA.

EPIBLEMID.E.

[O/irosis Uttoralis, Dr. Riding.]
Bactra lanceolana, common.

Eucosma betuletana, one specimen. E. lacunana, common.

Enarmonia wasberiano,, one specimen.

Cydia ramella (paykulliana) , two specimens.

Notocelia uddmanniana.

Epiblcma penkleriana. E. immundana, common. E. Mraquetrana.

E. solandriana.

Hemimene simpliciana (caUginosana) ?. H. acuminutana ?, one in 1900.

Laspeyresia ulicetana.
Carpocapsa splendana, one, 1901.

TORTRICID^!.

Rhacodia caudana, common.

[Acalla hastiana, Dr. Riding.] A. sponsana (favillaceana), common among

beeches.- — -A. literana, two specimens ; this beautiful species has a habit of drop-
ping to the ground when disturbed, and my small experience of it here, and at
Ashtead Common, in Surrey, leads me to believe that it may be commoner than it

appears. [4. logiana (tristana), Dr. Riding.] A. variegana, very common.

A. schalleriana (comparand), both forms rather common. A. contaminana,

scarcely abundant ; once taken at sugar.

Cacoicia unifasciana, common in the garden.

Pandemis corylana, ?. P. heparana.

Tortrix forskaleana, one specimen, 1901. [T. conwayana, at Braunton.]

[T. chrysanthemana (altcrnella), Dr. Dixey.]- T. incertana (subjectana).

PnALONIAD.3E.

Euxanthis straminea, at sugar. E. alternana (gigantana). E. zcegana,

common. E. hamana.

C 2

2g [February,

2EGBMAM*. TINEINA.

Trochilium chrysidiforme ?, a single specimen, which I can only attribute to this*-"
species, seen on the cliff at Woolacombe, when that place was little but a farm-
stead, September 7th, 1888.

GrELECHIAD.ffi.

Gelechia notatella.

Recurvaria cinerella ?, one specimen.

Chelaria huebnerella (conscriptella).
(Ecophorid^:.

Depressaria costosa. D. umbellana, common at sugar. D. arenella, at

sugar. D. subpropinquella (rhodochrella) , in thatch. D. oceliana. D. al-

strmmeriana, in thatch. -D. applaud, common in thatch ; also taken at sugar.

[D. badiella (libanotidella) , Dr. Dixey, 1889].- [D. albipunctella, Dr. Dixey,

1889.] D. heracliana, both imago and larvae abundant. (D. nervosa, a speci-
men at Warcombe, Ilfracombe parish, 1890).

Acnmpsia pseudosprciella , common in houses.

ELACniSTID.ffi.

Endrosis lacteella (fenestrella), not common.
Plutellidje.

Cerostoma xylostella. C. radiatella, common.

Plutella cruciferarum, common.

Simaethis fabriciana, common.
Tinehxe:.

Argyresthia andereggiella, this very local species swarms in my orchard. A.

nitidella, common.

Adela viridella.

MICROPTERYGTNA.

HEPIALID.E.

Hepiahis sylvimis. 77. humuli, abundant.

Twitchen, Mortehoe :

October 6th, 1901.

REVISION OF THE NOMENCLATURE OF MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.
BY THE RIGHT HON. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., &C,

AND

JOHN HARTLEY' DURRANT, F.E.S., Memb. Soc. Ent. de France.
{Continued from Vol. xxxvii, page 190).

GELECHIA, Hb.

n. a}'n. = Pseudochelaria, Dietz.

[PsEUDoenELARiA, Wlsm. MS. Type, Pseudochelaria pennsylvanica,

Wlsm. M.S.].
Pseudochelaria, Dietz, Ent. News., XI, 352-3, PI. I, 3 a, b (1900).

1 {Type), walsinghami, Dietz.

2 pennsylvanica (Wlsm. MS.), Dietz.

1902.] 29

The tentative MS. genus Pseudochelaria, Wlsm., was founded on
the unpublished species pennsylvanica^N Ism. MS. Dietz (I. c.) figured
the neuratiou of walsinghami, Dietz, and sufficiently described the
genus in his description of the species to establish the generic name.
Although he remarks that the type of the genus is pennsylvanica,
Wlsm., this observation can only apply to Pseudochelaria, Wlsm. MS.,
the type of Pseudochelaria, Dietz, being obviously walsinghami,
Dietz.

Mr. A. Busck (i. e., 11.111.1901) informs us that walsinghami,
Dietz, must be referred to Gelechia, lib., it therefore follows that
Pseudochelaria, Dietz (nee Wlsm. MS.), must sink as a synonym of
that genus, while Pseudochelaria, Wlsm. MS. (nee Dietz), being invalid
through homonymy, will require a new name.

(To be continued).

ON THE SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF TIIAUMATONEURA

INOPINATA, McLachlan ("ORDER ODONATAJ, WITH SOME REMARKS

ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE SUBORDER ZYGOPTERA.

BY PHILIP P. CALVERT, Ph.D.,
Instructor in Zoology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., U.S.A.

In this Magazine for June, 1897, pages 130-1, Mr. McLachlan
described a remarkable Odonate under the name Thaumatoneura
inopinata, gen. et sp. nov., referring it to the subfamily Calopteryginee
and to the legion Amphipteryx, Selys. The region of the earth whence
the unique type came was unknown, but this lack of information was
supplied by a second note from Mr. McLachlan, also published in this
Magazine, August, 1900, p. 189, to the effect that M. Eene Martin
possessed a specimen from Chiriqui, in Panama.

This note attracted my attention more especially because I have
been studying the Odonata brought together for Messrs. Godman and
Salvin's " Biologia Centrali-Amencana," and it became necessary to
analyse the species. As M. Martin's specimen was much more com-
plete than the original type, I asked M. Martin for a photograph of it.
This he has lately sent me, together with a drawing of the appendages
which terminate the abdomen of the male.* Thanks to his kindness,
1 am able to more intelligently study the questions of classification
which the discovery of this insect involves.

* Mr. McLachlan's type specimen has been figured in Biol. Centrali-Amcricana, Nev.roplera,
PI. 3, together with some details from M. Martin's example.

gO [February,

As stated above, Mr. MeLachlan considers Thaumatoneura a

C alopter ygine. While I hesitate to differ from such a high and

excellent authority, I have come to the conclusion that this genus is

more closely related to certain members of the subfamily Agrionince.

The evidence on either side of this question appears to be as

follows : —

In favour of Us Calopteuygine affinities.

1. — The number of ante nodal cross-veins, 3 — 5.

2. — The density of the reticulation, shown not only by the presence of supple-
mentary sectors between all the principal ones, but also by the presence of cross-
veins in the post-costal area beginning at, or in front of, the level of the arculus.

In favour of its Agrionine affinities.

3. — The point of separation of the median sector from the principal sector,
which is distinctly nearer (f — f) to the nodus than to the arculus.

4. — The position of the nodus, at about one-fifth the length of the wing.

Passing now to discuss these features, character (1) is unquestionably that
commonly employed as the chief diagnostic of the Calopierygince, since the
Agrionince, with but few exceptions, possess but two antenodal (or antecubital)
cross-veins. However, at least two Agrionine genera are now known, Neurolestes,
Selys,* and Neuragrion, Karsch,f in which three antenodals normally exist. The
lowest number of antenodals hitherto known for the Calopterygince is five in the
genus Micromerus. Since the number of antenodals in Thaumatoneura varies from
three to five, we have a complete transition from the Calopterygince to the
Agrionince in this particular respect.

(2). I am not aware that any Agrionince show a density of reticulation equal
to that possessed by Thaumatoneura, but Megaloprepus approaches it quite closely
in the number of supplementary sectors, and in having the cross-veins of the post-
costal area beginning often in front of the level of the apex of the quadrilateral.
But since many Caloptergginai (legion Libel/ago, Dicterias, etc.) possess a quite
simple reticulation, density of reticulation cannot be accepted as a chief Calop*
ierygine feature.

(3). The Calopterygince have the point of separation of the median and
principal sectors much nearer to the arculus than to the nodus, the reverse being
the case in the Agrionince, with the exception of the legion Lestes, Selys, in which
latter the condition is the same as in the Calopterygince. The nearest approaches
among the Calopterygince to the condition found in the Agrionince (exclusive of
Lestes) seem to be in Heliocharis, where the median sector separates at one-third
the distance from the arculus to the nodus, and the Japanese Palaophlebia, Selys,

* A West African form, of the legion Podagrion, Selys, having three antenodals on all the
wings, the third one placed between the other two of most Agrioniact. Mem. Couron. Acad.
Sc. Belg., xxxviii, p. 70, 1886.

+ Also of the legion Podagrion, from Ecuador, having three antenodals on the hind-wings
only, the third being likewise median and confined to the subcostal space. Soc. Ent., vi. p. 100,
1891.'

1902.] 31

where the median sector arises at one-half that distance: As regards the number
of antenodals, Heliocharis and Palceophlebia are typical Calopterygince.

(4). The position of the nodus varies in both the Calopterygince and the
Agrionina, but in general it is farther from the base of the wing in the former than
in the latter. Among the first-named it is probably nearest the base (one-third the
wing-length) in Amphipteryx and in Chalcupteryx, among the second group it is
farthest from the base (more than one-third the wing-length) in Archilestes. No
Calopterygince have the nodus as near to the base as one-fifth the wing-length, but
many Agrionince have it in that position.

On the whole, therefore, I believe that Thaumatoneura is rather
Agrioninc than Galopterygine in its affinities.

The question next arises, to what Agrionince is it most closely
related ? The existence of a " true " pterostigma, of supplementary-
sectors, of forcipated superior appendages in the male, as well as the
shape of the quadrilateral, place Thaumatoneura in the legion
Podagrion, Selys. The nearest ally therein is Paraphlebia, Selys, of
Mexico and Central America, which of all others of this legion has
the most complicated reticulation, and which, like Thaumatoneura ,
has two submedian cross-veins (two nervules in the lower basal cell),
the nodus at one-fifth the length of the wing, the post-stigmatical
area densely reticulated, the arculus at the second antenodal, the
nodal sector arising at ahout the middle of the length of the wing,
the subnodal at about the nodal point, the median before the nodus
[in P. hyalina, teste Brauer], and very short inferior appendages in
the male. Differences between Thaumatoneura and Paraphlebia exist
in the number of antenodals, the length of the quadrilateral, the
shape of the pterostigma, the exact relative positions of the sub-
median cross-veins, and the point where the wings cease to be
petioled. None of these differences, however — after what has been
said on the number of antenodals— seem to me to be of greater than
generic value.

But Thaumatoneura raises other questions more difficult of
solution. Any one who accepts my conclusion that this genus is more
Agrionine than Calopteryrjine must also abandon the old distinction
between these two subfamilies based on the number of antenodals.
Failing this, the next available character is that offered by the point of
origin of the median sector, and this gives us the following result: —

Median sector separating from the principal nearer to the arculus than to the nodus
(half-way in Palceophlebia).
Antenodals five or more, cross-veins in the postcostal area beginning before the
level of the apex of the quadrilateral (except in some Diphlebia).

CALOPTEBYGIN-E.

32 [ February,

Antenodals two, cross-veins in the postcostal area beginning at the level ol t lu"

apex of the quadrilateral.

Legion Lestes, Selys, of the Agrionin.i:.

Median sector separating from the principal much nearer to the nodus than to the

arculus.

Antenodals two to five, but- usually two.

A.GRIONIN.3E exclusive of the legion Lestes.

We must consequently determine what position to assign to
Lestes. Many courses are open, but only two seem to me worth
considering at the present time. 1. To regard all the Zygoptera as
but a single group, in which case the various 'legions" of the
Galopteryginw and the Agrionincc (both terms sensu Selysii) , as well as
the legion Lestes, might rank as equal and co-ordinate sub-groups, and
it would make little difference whether these sub-groups were termed
" legions " or " sub-families." 2. The legion Lestes might be con-
sidered as co-ordinate with the Selysian Calopterygince and Agrionince
(excl. Lestes), in which case they would be properly termed Lestince.
This course seems to me to be the better until some future, thorough-
going revision of the structure, of both the nymphs and the adults,
of all the groups of Zygoptera, of all parts of the world, shall give us
a fuller knowledge of relationships.

Pertinent to the present topic is the recent suggestion of Mr.
Kirby that a new genus from the island of Hainan, which be has
described as Pseudolestes (Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., June, 1900,
p. 537), "should certainly form the type of a new sub-family " {I.e.,
p. 538). I am quite unable to agree with Mr. Kirby in this
conclusion, for colour and general shape, to which he appeals, do not
constitute subfamily characters. The straightness of the wing-sectors
is paralleled in Ortholestes, Calvert, and perhaps also in Orolestes,
McLachlan, and the pterostigma is not sufficiently different (to judge
from the figure) from that of various Lestine genera. Only iD two
features does Pseudolestes differ from all other Lestina;, and these
are that the hind-wings are one-third shorter than the front wings,
and that the quadrilateral is oblong, not oblique on the apical end.
In this latter feature we have an approach to various Calopterygine
and Agrionine genera, but on the other hand Ortholestes again furnishes
a connecting link with Archilestes, Merjalestes and Lestes. Without
hesitation, therefore, I place Pseudolestes in the legion Lestes, of Selys,
or, to use the proposed new term, in the subfamily Lestince.

Philadelphia, U. S. A.: 1901.

1902. j 33

TEICHOPTEBA, PLANIPENNIA, AND ODONATA

COLLECTED BY LORD WALSINGHAM IX THE VICINITY OF
GRANADA (STAIN; IN 1901.

8\" ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.8., &c.

During his recent visit to Spain (so pleasantly narrated in our
No. for October, 1901) Lord Walsiugham was good enough to collect
a few " Xeuroptera " for me near Granada, and I have found thenj
very useful. The district had previously been worked by Rambur
and Edouard Pictet, so much of the materials is only confirmatory
of their reports, but several species will be found in the list given
below that were not noticed by them.

TRICHOPTERA.
Micrupttrus testacea, G-mel. — May 3ist, 1 $ .
Oligoplectrum maculatum, Oliv., also noticed by Rambur.— 4 examples, May

21st and June 4th.

PLANIPENNIA.

MYEMELEONIDi.

Palpares hispanus. Hag. — 2 & and 2 $ , middle of June.
Creagris plumbens, Oliv. — 3 5 , May 27th and middle of June.

A^calaphidj:.

Bubopsis agriuides, Ramb. — 1 <J , June 22nd. For more than thirty years I
had been endeavouring to procure this species, but in vain.* A careful study is
necessary in order to decide in what way or what degree this differs from B. ha-
matus, Klug, of Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, <kc.

Ascalaphus icfericus. Charp. — 2 $ , May 27th, middle of June ; also taken by
E. Pictet.

ICAHTISPrDJE.

Maatispa styriava Poda. — 1 ? , June 22nd. This species is cited from Spain
by Burmeister, but I had never seen a Spanish example. The ordinary species of
that country appears to be if. perla, Pallas.

Hemebobiid^:.

Megalomus pyra/oides, Ramb. — 5 examples, June 16th and July 2nd. I am of
opinion that the small meridional species ordinarily included in Megalomus need
careful study, especially with regard to the male appendages.

Hemerobius subnebulosus, Steph. — 1 2 , May 17th.

CHBTSOPIDi.

Sothochrysa stigmatica, Ramb. — 1 example, June 19th. Spread through the
Mediterranean region to Asia Minor, and possibly through Central Asia to the
Himalayas, for I have examples of the same or a representative species thence.

Chrysopa Genei, Ramb. — 1 example, June 22nd ; reported also by Pictet.

By a singular coincidence, only a few weeks after I had received this example, Dr. Chap-
man gave rne another, taken by him last summer at Cuenca.

34 [February,

ODONATA.
Libellula depressa, L. — 1 ? , middle of June ; of large size.
Gomphus simillimus, Seljs— 1 $ , middle of June.

Synipycna fusca, V. d. Lind. — 1 <J , June 19th. This was but little known as
a Spanish insect. [Dr. Chapman brought numerous examples of it from Cuenca.]

Lewisham, London :

December 22nd, 1901.

TRICHOPTERA, PLANIPENNIA AND PSEUDO-NEUROPTERA
COLLECTED IN NORTH WALES IN JULY. 1901.

BY KENNETH J. MORTON, F.E.S.

While the beautiful district of North Wales seems to possess
some resident Entomologists, and is no doubt visited by many tourist
Entomologists, I do not think it has ever been seriously investigated
by any one making the collection of insects of the above Orders his
primary quest. This was one of the reasons which led me to spend a
holiday in Merionethshire this year.

Our headquarters were at Egryn, a place situated between
Barmouth and Harlech, and the chief collecting was done between
these points, the localities being the small bogs lying close to the sea,
the springs and streamlets running into and the ditches intersecting
the Morfa, the rapid waters and torrents running through the small
valleys— these valleys being wooded in their lower parts — and the
lakes which give rise to certain of these streams Wider excursions,
such as the ascent of 8nowdon and Cader ldris, although undertaken
with light entomological equipment, for several reasons, yielded
nothing in my way ; indeed, none of the higher points were produc-
tive.

All the waters of the district are very clear — a feature no doubt
due to the geological conditions — and there is a uniformity of
character about them which seems to have a restricting influence on
the number of species they produce. At any rate, during the month's
stay, the species of Trichoptera taken reached a total rather under
the average to be looked for in a good British locality. At the same
time the conditions favour certain species which are not usually
common, Adicella reducta, McL., being an almost ubiquitous species
round Egryn, occurring at streams of different sizes ; Plectrooiemia
geniculata, McL., apparently entirely replacing its better known
congener conspersa, Curt. ; and Polycentropus Kingi, McL., in the
shaded parts of the stream it haunts, a commoner insect than the
usually never failing P. flavomaculatus, Pict.

ino2.j 35

A torrent which comes down from the hills behind the house, in
summer runs to earth before it reaches the Morfa. The water wells
up again in the sloping fields above the railway, under which it goes,
and is then carried across the Morfa in ditches, these ditches being in
parts grown up with water weeds ; and in some places where drainage
is either impracticable or has not been attempted, patches of swampy
bog exist. The greatest number of species were found in this area.
In the late evening hosts of caddis flies were about here. Phryganea
varia, F., in a small way, seemed to assemble like Hydropsyche ;
Limnophilus hirsutus, Pict., flew for a short time, just as it was getting
dark, and at the same hour Ecclisopteryx guttulata, Pict., Lepidostoma
hirtum, P., and P. geniculata, McL., were on the wing. Hydropsyche
instabilis, Curt., was usually in abundance a little earlier in the
evening. During the day other species were to be taken by sweeping,
or in flight, such as Sericostoma personatum, Spence (a most abundant
insect in several of the localities), Leptocerus aterrimus, iSteph.,
Ifystacides azurea, L., Tricenodes bicolor, Curt., AdicelJa reducta,
McL., (Ecetis lacustris, Pict. (one), Polycentropus multiguttatus, Curt.
Holocentropus picicornis, Steph., Agapetus fuscipes, Curt., together
with numerous examples of Hydroptilidce, but only comprising
Hydroptila occulta, Etn., Oxyethira simplex, Pus, and f idea fa, Mort.
When it is remembered that in Wigtownshire 1 captured nine species
of the last named family, while in Wales I only took four, it will be
seen that the representation here is very poor.

The torrent above the house produced abundance of Odontocerum

albicomc, Scop., also Philopotamus montanus, Donov., Diplectrona

felix, McL., Hydroptila forcipata, Etn., and at a tiny waterfall on its

course, Tinodcs assimilis, McL. I), felix was also common at a rill

running alongside the public road near Tal-y-bont.

The lakes visited were not very productive in species. The
charming Llyn Cwm Bychan gave a few lacustrine species, such as
Limnophilus rhombicits, L., and marmoratus, Curt., Cyrnus trimacu-
latus, Curt., and Jlavidus McL. A stream near the lake produced
Chimarrha marginata, L., in abundance, and the river Artro, Hydro-
psyche lepida, Pict. Llyn-irddyn, another lake, gave multitudes of
Leptocerus fulvus, Pamb., and Tinodes wceneri, L. ; and the fine
stream, the Tsgethin, which unites the waters of Llyn-irddyn and
Llyn-bodlyn, was frequented by Philopotamus montanus in a form
which is practically the var. scoticus. On the lower parts of this
stream, (Ecetis testacea, Curt., abounded, and here also was found

36 [February,

Polycentropus Kingi, McL. At springs on the banks of the stream
Cruncecia irrorata, Curt., was just emerging.

Examples were also taken in different localities of the following
species: Qrammotaulius atomarius, F ., Limnophilus centralis, Curt.,
affinis, Curt, (confined to a yew tree in a shady part of the garden),
sparsus, Curt, (in the garden), L. auricula, Curt., Goera pilosa, F.,
Silo pallipes, F., Bercca maurus, Curt., B. pullata, Curt., and Poly-
centropus flavomaculatus, Pict.

In Chrysopidee, Ghrysopa flavifrons, Brauer, was in very great
abundance. The other species found were flaoa, Scop., ventralis,
Curt., alba, L., and aspersa, Wesm. At first, Ohrysopce held the field
to the utter exclusion of the genus Hemerobius, aud it was only
towards the end of my stay that I gathered a few Hemerobii, including
H. subnebulosus, Steph., nervosus, F., stigma, Steph , lutescens, F. and
one quadrifasciatus, Reuter, $ .

With regard to Odonata, the Morfa proved to be the best
collecting ground, but even here at the end of the month it was
practically deserted by these insects. In the earlier part of July
Pyrrhosoma tenellum, Vill., was accompanied by a good many Agrion
pulchellum, V.d.L., and of course swarms of Ischnura elegans, V.d.L.
One Lestes sponsa, Hans., was found near the end of the month.
Other species to be found about the Morfa were L. quadrimaculata,
L., Orthetrum ccerulescens, F., Sympetrwm striolatum, Clip., an oc-
casional Cordulegaster annul at us, Latr., and P. nymph ula, Sulz.
One day a good many adult Libellula depressa, L., <$ <$ , appeared,
and three were taken ; the species was never seen again. Galopteryx
virgo, L., was exceedingly common at several of the streams.
Enallagma cyathigeruw, Chp., was found at Cwm Bychan and at a
lake near the foot of Snowdon. The only species of JEschna seen was
juncea, L. ; it was rather common in the glens. There was no
uncertainty about the identification ; I did not want them, but took
two or three to prevent question. Of course such insects as 0.
ccerulescens, C. annulatus, and S. striolatum were not confined to the
Morfa, but were found in many other places.

For the first time on my excursions I paid some attention to the
PsocidcB, but for these insects the great heat aud drought were too
much. My captures included Psocus longicornis, L., P. sexpunctatus,
L., P. bijasciatus, Ltr., Elipsocus unipunctatus, Miill., and K. cyanops,
Eost.

18, Blackford Road, Edinburgh.
December, 1901.

1302.] 37

HISTORICAL NOTES ON PAPILIO MACHAON IN ENGLAND.

BY C. W. DALE, P.E.S.

This grand butterfly appears now to be confined to Wieken Fen, Cambridge-
shire, and Ran worth and other Broads, Norfolk.

Last year one was taken at Castle Cary, Somerset. The editorial note to the
last (Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xii, 2nd series, p. 172) sustains the idea of a small sporadic
immigration in 1900, as many specimens were taken and scattered over a large area.
The counties in which it formerly existed, and from all of which it has, appar-
ently, disappeared, are Dorsetshire, Somersetshire, Gloucestershire, Glamorganshire,
Hampshire, Surrey, Oxfordshire, Middlesex, Sussex, Kent, Essex, Suffolk, North-
amptonshire, Yorkshire, and Huntingdonshire.

It was known to be a British species nearly two hundred years ago, as the
Rev. John Ray, in his " Historia Insectorum " (1710), records finding it in Sussex
and Essex, and that he found the caterpillar in Sussex feeding on Pimpinella sari-
fraga. Petiver also, in 1717, records it as being caught about London and in divers
counties in England ; he called it the Royal William. Wilkes also states that
this fine butterfly may be taken in meadows and clover fields about. Cookham, near
Westram, in Kent, and that on August 5th, 1748, he observed a female hovering
over some plants, which he found to be the meadow saxifrage, and discovered four
eggs just laid. The first brood appears in May, the second towards the end of July.
In " White's Natural History of Selborne " is a comparative view of the
Calendar of Selborne, kept by the Rev. Gilbert White, at Selborne, in Hampshire,
and William Markwick, Esq , at Catsfield, near Battle, in Sussex. In it we read
" Swallow-tailed Butterfly appears August 2nd —White ; April 20th, June 7th, last
seen August. 28th — Markwick. 1794."

In the end of June, 1798, several larvae were found by the Rev. Dr. Abbott,
at Windlesham, near Bagshot, in Surrey; from these in the following August he
reared some splendid swallow-tails. It was also taken in that century by the Rev.
William Ray, to whom Mr. Harris dedicated his plate of the swallow-tail in 1766,
at Redland, near Bristol, in Gloucestershire, and at Middleton, in Yorkshire.

Inhis"Lepidoptera Britannica," 1803, II n worth writes : " I know that Machaon
breeds near Beverley, in Yorkshire yet, and my brother-in-law, R. Scales, of Wal-
worth, near London, possesses a specimen of it. which was taken there about seven
years ago."

Between the year 1800 and 1815 several were taken in Dorsetshire ; at Hinton
Martel, by the Rev. D. Storey ; at Charminster, by Mr. Garland ; at Wimborne,
Blandford, Hazlebury, Bryan, and Glanvilles Wootton, by my father, the Inst being
on August 17th, 3815. At Glanville's Wootton, in August, 1808, he took twelve
specimens in three consecutive days. They frequented chalk hills, and smelled
slrongly of mint. About the same time the Rev. C. Kingsley, LL.D., met with it
in great plenty in Cowslip Meadow, near Lymington, in Hampshire ; and it was
also taken in Glamorganshire, at Penclawdd and Llanghor, by J. D. Llewelyn, Esq. ;
and in Oxfordshire, by Mr. Stone. The Rev. M. Newman also met with it at West
Camel, and the Rev. R. Burney at Rympton, in Somersetshire. Mr. W. Skriinshire
took it in plenty at Wisbech, in Cambridgeshire ; and his brother, Dr. F. Skrim-
shire, near Peterborough, in Northamptonshire ; and it was also taken in great
plenty by my father at Whittlesea Mere in 1814.

38 [February,

Stephens, in his " Illustrations," 1828, writes : " Maohaon is not an uncommon
English insect, especially in the fenny counties of Huntingdon and Cambridge, in
some parts of which it occurs in the utmost profusion ; it has sometimes been
captured also close to London, in Epping Forest, at Stepney, and near Peckham ;
and it was formerly abundant at Westerham, in Kent. Mr. Dale has frequently
taken it at Glanvilles Wootton, and in other parts of Dorsetshire. It lias also
occurred as far north as Beverley, in Yorkshire, and as far west as Redland, near
Bristol."

Machaon also used to occur at Freshwater, in the Isle of Wight, where it was
taken by Capt. Bray ; and at Tottenham Green, Middlesex, where Mr. E. Newman
repeatedly found the caterpillar feeding on rue in a garden, probably in 1820. —
Newman's "Butterflies." It was also very abundant at Whittlesea Mere in 1833 ; and
the Messrs. Paget records it as being very abundant in meadows at. Oby and Tburne,
Norfolk, in May and August, 1834.— " Sketch of Yarmouth."

Mr. Stainton, in Ent. Trans, for 185S— 61, writes : " Machaon occurs in the
fens near Cambridge, and near Norwich, but we know of no other localities, though
a few specimens have occurred at Pulborough, in Sussex, and at Heme Bay, in
Kent."

" Dr. Knaggs, in his " Macro-Lep idoptera of Folkestone," 1870, in a foot-note
on p. 12, writes : " Machaon has been met with year after year on the East Cliff,
Dover, beyond the Castle." Specimens have also been met with at Deal. These
are of much darker hue than the East Anglian, and probably flew over from the
Continent.

Mr. Gaze, in the " Entomologist," for 1842, p. 340, records Machaon. as having
been several times taken at Haverhill, in Suffolk. It has also been taken near
Ipswich, on the banks of the Stour, and near Clare Priory, in 1867 and 1869.

Mr. Barrett, in his " Lepidoptera of Norfolk," 1874, records it as being found
in all the fens of the rivers Yare and Bure, and adds : " There is reason to hope
that this splendid species may survive to a very distant date."

Machaon is still common in Wicken Fen, Cambridgeshire, but not in Chippen-
ham Fen only a few miles away. It used also to occur at Cherry Hinton, Grand-
chester, Madingley, and in Burwell Fen, which was drained in 1842. Whittlesea
Mere, Huntingdonshire, was drained in 1851.

Although the foregoing remarks have in part appeared in my " History of
British Butterflies," I thought that some readers of this Magazine who have not
seen that book might be interested in them.

Glanvilles Wootton :

November, 1901.

Coleoptera , $rc.,in the neighbourhood of Hastings. — Very limited leisure during
the last three years has prevented my doing much collecting, but the few excursions
I have been able to take have not been altogether unproductive of good things.

Bexhill has yielded half-a-dozen Ceenopsis fissirostris and two Rhynchites
eeneovirens, among other species, the former among roots of heather. In wet ground
at Winchelsea 1 have taken a few each of Panagteus crux-major, Codes helopioides,
Badister peltatus, and B. unipustulatus ; while amongst some miscellaneous Hydro-
pori in one of my boxes I found, this summer, a single specimen of H. marginatum,

1902.] 39

labelled " Wincholsea, June, '96." On reference to my note-book I find it must
have been taken about June 18th, but as I visited a good many ditches in seareh of
Coccidula scutellata, which I used to take in a water-net, I do not know the exact
locality. The one visit I was able to make this year in search of it was fruitless, as
far as the object of my search was concerned, but resulted in my turning up Lacco-
philus variegatus again. I have previously taken this only at Pevensey. In June,
1900, 1 visited Pevensey in search of Bagous nodulosus, and after lying by the ditch-
side with my head lower than my heels, till I was on the verge of apoplexy, was
rewarded by the sight of B. cylindrus crawling up from the depths along a blade of
grass. Persistent searching during the remaining time at my disposal yielded no
second specimen, though I managed to secure a single Oodes, and, later, one B.
nodulosus. Among a few Trachyphloeus myrmecophilus which I took here in Sep-
tember, in company with Mr. F. B. Jennings, was one specimen with the left
deciduous mandible still adhering.

My latest capture this year, so far, is Sphinx convolouli, of which I caught a
specimen on October 15th flying round the electric light. It was in magnificent
condition, as far as " plumage " is concerned, though it had lost the left antenna and
anterior tarsi.— W. Esam, Eagle House School, St. Leonards-on-Sea : December
9th, 1901.

Re-occurrence of Sciocoris cursitans, F., at Box Hill. — In August, 1897, I
found a single specimen of this curious little Pentatomid at the roots of a plant
(since identified as Hypericum perforatum) at Box Hill (cf. Ent. Mo. Mag., 1898,
p. 13). Although frequent visits were paid to the locality subsequently, no further
specimens turned up till August and September last year, when I had the pleasure
of finding several small colonies of the species in some rough and very stony ground,
much overgrown with stonecrop, and with patches of wood sage (Teucriwni) scattered
here and there on another slope of the hill. Sciocoris was evidently well established
in this spot, as I found quite a fair number of both larvoe and imagos ; they oc-
curred chiefly in the crevices of the chalk flints at and near the roots of bushy
plants of the wood sage, in which situations the short form and flattish shape would
certainly seem to be of advantage. None were to be found amongst the numerous
luxuriant beds of stonecrop. The existence of this Surrey station for <S. cursitans
is of interest to British Hemipterists, as the only other locality known for it in our
islands is the stretch of coast between Deal and Sandwich, where I and others have
taken it under Erodium, and in sand holes. It seems not improbable that 5. micro-
phthalmus, ¥\or, may eventually turn up in some hilly spot in the South of England,
as Puton, in his " Synopsis des Hem.-Het. de Erance," especially indicates this
species from elevated places, and records it from as far north as Paris ; he describes
it as "assez rare" in France.— F. B. Jennings, 152, Silver Street, Upper Edmon-
ton, N. : January 8th, 1902.

%tv\ewz.

Hand-Book of the Natural History of Glasgow and tiie West of
Scotland (Fauna, Flora, and Geology of the Clyde Area) ; 8vo, pp. 567. Glasgow,
published by the Local Committee for the British Association, 1901.

40 [February,

For many years it lias been a laudable practice witb the Local Committees of
the British Association to publish a Natural History Hand-book for the particular
district in which such Meetings are held ; this has been carried out with very few
exceptions. When the Association met at Glasgow in 1876 a very respectable
Hand-book was issued. The present far eclipses it. It consists almost wholly of
Lists, with localities and remarks ; one is lost in amazement at the amount of work
indicated by these Lists, contributed by probably over sixty workers. We cannot
do more than allude to the Entomology. The Hymenoptera are compiled by
Mr. Dalglish (Terebrantia) and Mr. Malloch (Aculeata) ; Macro- Lepidoptera by
Mr. Dalglish ; Micro- Lepidoptera by Mr. King; Diptera by Mr. Grimshaw (the
Tipulida by Mr. Henderson) ; Coleoptera by Mr. Fergusson ; Trichoptera, Odonata,
Orthoptera, and Neuroptera-P/anipennia by Mr. King; Hemiptera-Heteroptera
by Mr. Murphy ; Homoptera by Mr. Taylor ; Collembola and Thysanura by Mr.
Boyd ; and the Arachnidce have received attention from Mr. Evans. All seem to
have been equally zealous in endeavouring to make what they undertook as com-
plete as possible. But some few groups are omitted, and occasionally it is hard to
say why. A numerical summary of the species under each Order or group would
have been of interest, and especially if made comparative with the Hand-book of
1876, for here and there the two publications do not seem to dovetail. We should
not forget to mention that a very elaborate bathy-orographical map of the district
is included, which in itself is always useful.

Insect Life : Souvenirs of a Naturalist : by J. H. Fabre (translated
from the French). Pp. xii and 320, 8vo. London : Maemillan and Co., Limited.
New York : The Maemillan Company. 1901.

Possibly two mistakes have been made in bringing the proposed English trans-
lation of M. Fabre's works before the public. The first is the title : in the original
French it stands ns " Souvenirs Entomologiques," and might have been rendered
as " Entomological Souvenirs." The second is the over-weighted title-page, from
which we learn, all in nearly the same type (1) that the work is by M. Fabre, (2) that
it has been translated by some one who prefers anonymity, (3) that a preface has
been written by Dr. Sharp, (4) that it has been edited by Mr. Merrifield, and
(5) that the (original) illustrations are by M. Prendergast Parker. But all this
cannot spoil a good book. There is much truth in the saying that " good wine
needs no bush," still it is only somewhat tardily that the merits of M. Fabre
have received recognition, even amongst his own countrymen. Too modest,
and possibly too poor, to seek a position amongst entomologists, he preferred to go on
making valuable observations, and publishing them from time to time in small
volumes (there are now seven, and this is the first) under the title of " Souvenirs."
They did not appeal to the systematist, and were neglected by the biologist, from
the form in which they were published and a certain amount of obscurity that
enveloped the author. The Entomological Society of London did itself honour
by electing him one of its Honorary Fellows last year. The great charm of the
author lies in his style and the transparent evidence of sincerity and conscien-
tiousness. It must now be nearly twenty years ago since we read, and hope we
comprehended, this first volume in the original Fi'ench. And here, en passant, just
a word of recommendation to those who can, or think they can, read the book in it

1002.] 41

original form. Lot them do so by al) means. The translation with slight excep-
tion has been admirably done, but, as Dr. Sharp observes, Fabrc is " the most Gallic
of Frenchmen," and about as difficult to translate into a foreign language as are the
works of one or two popular English writers on quite other subjects. The editing
has been carefully done, and the illustrations are appropriate. To those who are
quite strangers to the work we may say that this first vol. (and also many of the
succeeding) is largely taken up with the habits of Hymenopterous insects in the
most marvellously graphic form in every minute detail. But thei'e is much about
beetles, and the very first chapter is an amusing one on the " sacred " beetles. For
more general subjects we call special attention to the " Ascent of Mont ATentoux "
as a record of a bit of mountain climbing and adventure, and also to the amusing
episode (pp. 272—273) on the way in which elementary physics were taught in the
minor French colleges (were we much better here ?) in former times. This is
not a book to be read through and then placed on the library shelf and forgotten.
It is one to lie on the work-table, to be taken up and read by snatches over and
over again, till one has practically learnt it by heart. — R. McL.

ttuarn.

Charles Lionel Augustus de Niceville, State Entomologist for India, C.M.Z.S.,
F.E.S., &c., died at Calcutta, after a few days' illness of malarial fever, on December
3rd, 1901, aged 49. We are not acquainted with his early history, but he is said
to have gone to India about 1870. For many years he held a clerkship in a
Government office in Calcutta, but the whole of his spare time was devoted to
Entomology, and until quite recently almost entirely to Rhopalocera, commencing
so long as 1881. His publications were very numerous, and sometimes in con-
junction with others, such as Mr. Elwes, Mr. Taylor, Prof. Wood-Mason, Dr. Martin,
and Major Marshall. With the latter he brought out "The Butterflies of India,
Burmah and Ceylon," an important work in 3 vols, but incomplete, published at
Calcutta from 1882 to 1890. We believe Mr. de Niceville contemplated leaving India
in a few months and settling in this country. His fine collection of Eastern
Butterflies has been acquired by the Indian Museum.

Societies.

Birmingham Entomological Society: November 18^,1901. — Mr. A. H.
Martineaf, in the Chair.

Dr. Stacey Wilson, Wyddrington, Edgbaston ; and Mr. E. A. L. Verecroft,
Coventry ; were elected Members of the Society.

Mr. Colbran J. Wainwright showed the Tachinid Brachychtrta spinigera, Rond.,
from near Hampton-in-Arden, and said that this was the species which had been
described by Meade as Desvoidin fusca, and not Staurochceta gracilis, Egg., as
supposed by Brauer and von Berganstamm.

Mr. G. W. Wynn showed a number of Lepidoptera taken by himself in South
Devonshire during the last week of August and first of September this year ;
amongst others were Lithosia cnniola, Hb., three worn specimens ; Leueania albi-
pio/cta, F., one only ; Caradrina exigua, Hb.,two specimens ; C. ambigua, F.,a nice

42 [February,

long scries in very fine condition ; Heliothis armigera, Hb., worn ; Aspilates ochre-
aria, Rossi (citraria, Hb.), a nice long series ; Acidalic subsericeata, Haw. ; and a
very fine long series of A. marginepunctata, Goeze. Mr. A. D. Imms, mounted
preparations and drawings or marine larva;, which he believed belonged to tbe
genus Clnnio, Hal., and which were taken submerged in rock pools at Port Erin
Bay, Isle of Man. Mr. J. T. Fountain, Lepidoptera from Jersey ; a series of
Callimorpha quadripunctaria, Poda {Sera, L.), including forms running into
yellow ; a long and very variable series of Bryophila muralls, Forst. ; and a very fine
series of Psecadia bipunctella, F. The last species he said was found early in the
morning, and the earlier they were looked for the more there were ; the greater
number being found at 6 a.m. Mr. R. C. Bradley, a series of the Syrphid Peleco-
cera tricincta from Bournemouth, taken this summer ; this time he found them on
the cliffs, not in the hollows of the Chines, as before.

December \6th, 1901.— Mr. G. T. Bethune-Baker, President, in the Chair.

Mr. A. II. Martineau showed Hymenoptera from Tubney, near Oxford, in
Berks, a sandy locality ; they included Cleptes pallipes, Lep. ; Crahro palmarius,
Schreb., <$ , and Nysson dimidiatus, J ur. Mr. A. D. Imms showed empty cocoons
and pupal cases of (Ecophora sulphnrella, Wd., from Moseley. Air. G. T. Bethune-
Baker, a collection of Lyccenidce, of the sub-families Liptena and Pentila-, from
South Africa ; they are remarkably mimetic, resembling in greater or less degree
many widely different forms of Lepidoptera, some were almost perfect mimics of
Acraidce, others resembled strongly Pieridce and various Geometrids ; though the
object of some of these last resemblances was difficult to understand. Mr. Colbran
J. Wainwright, a small collection of Chrysids, including Chrysis viridula, Smith,
from Wyre Forest, C. succincta, L., from St. Ives, Cornwall, C. pu.itulosa, Ab., from
West Hide, near Hereford, Hedychridium roseum, Rossi, from West Runton, Norfolk,
and Ellampus cceruleus, Dhlb., from West Runton and West Hide.— Colbran J.
Wainwright, Hon. Secretary.

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society: Dec 9th, 1901, in
the Grosvcnor Museum, Chester, where the Members were most cordially received
by the Curator, Mr. Robert Newstead, F.E.S., and Dr. H. Dobie. The Vice-
President, Mr. R. Wilding, occupied the Chair.

The Chairman, on behalf of the Society, thanked Mr. Newstead for his hand-
some donation to the library of a copy of the first vol. of his work on the Scale
Insects, entitled, " A Monograph of the British Coccidce." The work, purely a
labour of love, is not only of great interest to the scientist as being the first
Monograph of these injurious insects ever published in this country, but is also of
great practical value to the fruit grower, and it would be well if a copy of it could
be placed in the hands of every market gardener and horticulturist throughout the
land. The following exhibits were examined : — Recent specimens of Lyccena Arion,
and Welsh specimens of Saturnia pavonia by Mr. Newstead ; British Aphodii,
including A. villosus, and .Egialia rufa by Mr. Wilding ; Trigonogenius globulus,
an introduced Coleopteron, new Lo the Cheshire list, on behalf of Mr. E. J. Burgess
Sopp ; rare Aculeate Hymenoptera from Cheshire and N. Wales, including Pompilus
approximates, Astata stigma, Oxybelus mucronatus, Vespa austriaca, Colletes ettni-

1902] 43

cularia, Ha/ictus atricornis, Omnia xanthome! ana, O. inermis, and (J. parietina, by
Mr. Willoughby Gardner. The exceedingly rare Ophiodes lunar is, taken in Delamere
Forest by Mr. T. Wright, of Warrington ; an account of this capture, establishing
its genuineness beyond all doubt, was given by Mr. Joseph Collins, along with a
summary of all the previous British records ; a fine series of Lepidoplera from
Simondswood Moss, including Carsia imbutata and Celcena Haworthii, by Dr. J.
Cotton. Mr. Newstead then gave a paper, entitled, " Entomological gleanings
from my diary," which was illustrated by electric light views. As usual, it was
exceedingly instructive, almost every sentence containing some new observation or
fact in insect economy, so that this most wide-awake of naturalists kept his hearers
on the alert, all the time. The paper included the following subjects : — A night in
Delamere with an electric arc lamp ; the occurrence of Zeuzera cesculi in Cheshire ;
the assembling of <S. pavonia ; jays and the larvce of G. papilionaria ; the genus
Sesia in Delamere ; Tipula oleracea and its ravages, how the rooks and gulls de-
stroy it by thousands, 400 being found in a single " casting" of the black headed gull ;
the life history of Selandria atra, or Pear Tree Sawfly, and "Recent researches
amongst the Scale insects. Hearty thanks were offered to Mr. Newstead by Mr. R.
Wilding, Dr. J. W. Ellis, and Mr. W. Gardner. —Frederick Birch, Hon. Sec.

The South London Entomological and Natural History Society :
Nov. 28th, 1901.— Mr. W. J. Lucas, B.A., F.E.S., Vice-President, in the Chair.

The evening was set apart for a special exhibition of varieties and notable
captures. A considerable number of members and friends attended, and a large
number of specimens were exhibited.

Mr. Carpenter exhibited a long and fine bred series of Colias Hyale from ova
laid by a ? from Sheerness, taken August 18th, 1900. Mr. Lucas, $ and ? of the
rare British dragon-fly, Libellulafulva, taken near Bournemouth by Major Robert-
son ; $ Oxygustra Curtisii from the same district ; and S , ? , and <j> var. aurantiaca
of Ischnura elegans from the New Forest. Mr. Ashdown, extreme variations in
size of the following Coleoptera : — Clytus arietis, C. my sticus, Motor chus minor,
and Pachyta cerambyciformis. Mr. West, a species of Homoptera, Stictocoris
flaveolus, new to the British list, and taken by himself at Blackheath in August and
September, 1901. JVIr. Thornthwaite, a dark Hybernia defoliaria, taken by him on
his way to the meeting. Mr. W. J. Kaye, a beautiful series of Ambulyx rostralis,
a S. and Central American Sphingid, with specimens of var. ganascus, which some
consider a species ; also a single specimen of a new species of Ambulyx, which he
had taken during the past summer while on an expedition to the interior of British
Guiana. Messrs. Harrison and Main, varied series of (1) Triphcena comes from
several localities, including the Isle of Lewis ; (2) Agrotis tritici, from the Isle of
Lewis and Wallasey; (3) Odontopera bidentata ; (4) Camptogramma bitineata ;
(5) Melanippe sociata, all from the Isle of Lewis. Mr. R. Adkin, several of the
same species from the Isle of Lewis, with Noctua xanthographa, particularly fine
and varied Boarmia repandata, Coremia ferrugata, and Xylophasia monoglypha ;
he also showed an example of Pieris Daplidice, with Colias Hyale and C. Edusa
taken at Eastbourne, 1901. Mr. Montgomery, a very fine bred series of Pieris napi,
including a number of fine examples of var. bryonice, from ova laid by a female

D 2

44 [February,

taken by Mr. Harrison at Meyringen, July 9th, 1900 ; a scries of bred Leucophasia
sinapis, consisting of four broods from ? s scut alive to him ; and bred series of
Argynnis Paphia, and var. Valezina from New Forest ova. Mr. Porritt, black
forms of Pharetra menyanthidis from Selby ; Mania typica, with a large, pale,
pinkish, V'shaped mark across each wing ; Cqsmia trapezina, with central
band dark olive-green: black Larentia mullistrigaria ; a yellow Anchocelis
rufina; and a black Qdonlopera bidentata; all from Yorkshire. Mr. Garrett,
Sphinx convolvuli, from Wilts, September, 1901 ; Miselia oxyacanthce, and var.
capucina, from Wimbledon ; Epunda lutulenta, taken off ripe blackberries at
Reading; Dasycampa rubiginea from Berkshire; and Treniocampa populeti from
Wimbledon Common. Mr. Chittenden, Lithosia sericea ; var. conjiuens of Anthro-
ceratrifolii; black Nyssia hispidaria ; Zonosoma pendularia, blue from Lancashire,
light from Kent ; Cymatophora duplaris, black, bred from Kent; dark Pachetra
leucophcea ; dark Hybernia marginaria, Kent ; &c. Mr. Gr. B. Brown, a specimen
of Euvanessa Antiopa, taken by his little boy at Lee, together with a Sphinx con-
volvuli taken at Lycld, the former on August 24th, and the latter on September 1 1th.
Major Ficklin, two very pale Dianthaecia luteago, var. Fick/ini, and one with
suffused marking; together with an example of Brenthis Selene with very dork
under wings. Mr. Stanley Edwards, several species of the "Leaf" butterflies,
Kallima, and a box of exotic Papilios. Dr. Chapman, Pterin brassicce, with blank
marginal line in hind-wing ; Argynnis Adippe, var. cklorodippe, with black suffu-
sion ; and a dark variety of Mefitaa Athalia, from Spain. Mr. Rowland-Brown,
series of Lyccena Dolus, var. vittata, from Cannes, and L. Admetus, var. Ripperhi,
for comparison ; a var. of Melitaa Cinxia, with the black spots on the under-side
almost absent ; and Argynnis Lathonia, with the left lower wing abnormally small.
Mr. Sich, small dark var. of Aglais urticce ; two varieties of Xy/ojihasia po/yodon,
one having a dark median band, the other with confluent stigmata ; a Plusia gamma
having the Y mark reduced to a pale spot.

December 12th, 1901.— Mr. W. J. Lucas, B.A., F.E.S., Vice-President, m
the Chair.

Mr. Newnharn, llersham, Surrey, was elected a Member.

Mr. McArthur exhibited a J specimen of Lasiocampa quercus taken at
Brighton, and having the female coloration. Mr. Kirkaldy, a specimen of the
Heteropteron, Eeduviolusjerus ?, having the wings on one side brachypterous, and
on the other macropterous. Mr. F. M. B. Carr, bred series of Selenia illunaria,
compared with the ? parents, and showing considerable variation ; series of Enno-
mos angularia from several localities for comparison ; Dicycla oo from Chingford ;
varied series of Bryophila muralis from Hythe ; and series of Acidalia margine-
punctata from llythe and Rorlock, the latter being much the darker. Dr. Chapman
read a paper, entitled, " A few weeks in Central Spain," and exhibited long and
varied series of the Spanish forms of British Lepidoptera, and of species very
closely allied to British ones. — Ht. J. Tuknkb, Hon. Secretary.

Entomological Society of London : December dth, 1901. — The Rev. Canon
W. W. Fowler, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Mr. Frederick E. S. Adair, Flixton Hall, Bungay ; Mr. William Aiming, Box

1902.] 45

Hill, Surrey, and 39, Lime Street, London, E.G. ; Mr. Edward Connold, 7, Magdalen
Terrace, St. Leonards-on-Sea ; Mr. Frederick Muir, 86, Christchureh Street,
Ipswich ; Mr. R. Shelford, The Museum, Sarawak, Borneo ; and Mr. John Wad-
dington, 38, Leicester Grove, Blackmail Lane, Leeds ; were elected Fellows of the
Society.

Mr. J. II. Carpenter exhibited a number of Colias Hyale bred from ova laid by
the parent butterfly taken at Sheerness, August 18th, 1900. Mr. J. W. Tutt said that
twelve months ago there was no reliable evidence as to the stage in which Hyale
passed the winter, but that Mr. Carpenter had proved that it hibernates in the
larval state, and pupates and emerges in the spring. No one has yet successfully
bred C. Edusa through the winter, as they do not and cannot feed up these in this
country. Hyale, on the other hand, is perfectly quiescent during the winter months
(October 20th to February 3rd, according to Mr. Carpenter's observations). Mr.
R. S. Standen, specimens of Lyccena dolus, the type from Bordighera, and also
Pieris brassica with greenish urider-wings, a common form in the neighbourhood of
Florence. Mr. C. P. Pickett, pupa-cases of Saturnia pavonia, one with two
openings, one with no opening, and a third containing three pupa?, from one only
of which the imago had emerged. Mr. J. W. Tutt said that this phenomenon was
probably due to overcrowding. The Rev. A. E. Eaton, some adult Psychodida of
morphological interest, preserved in cork tubes with 2°/0 Formic Aldehyde in dis-
tilled water. (1) Pericoma notabilin, Etn., as a sample of male flies retaining
prothoraeic air-nipples, such as Curtis figured (Brit. Ent., xvi, 7-45 [1839]), and are
possessed by pupa? of both sexes, illustrated both by Miall and Walker and by Fritz
Muller in the volume of the Transactions of this Society for 1895 ; also by Kellog,
Ent. News, xii, 48, figs. A, B (February, 1901). Pericoma soleata, Hal. MS., has
similar small claviform air-nipples on the prothorax ; and so have some undescribed
species more nearly related to P. notabilis, natives of middle Europe or of Algeria.
(2) Male flies possessing erectile sacs, or else protrusible tentacles arising one on
each side of the mesothorax near the spiracle, and receiving a strong branch from
the main trachea of each side. In the state of contraction these sacs or tentacles
resemble a tuft of hair, which is very dense in some flies: by their distension,
the tufts are either spread open, or the tuft is resolved into scattered hairs distributed
over at least the whole of the upper surface of the tentacle. These organs are pro-
bably subservient to sexual attraction, and, perhaps, secrete scent. A few males
possess them, in addition to the pair of prothuracic air-nipples, for instance. P.fusca
and the species figured by Curtis, P. auriculata (both exhibited) ; but more species
are possessors of the mesopleural pair of appendages alone. The two species last
named differ in the shape of their thoracic appendages now under consideration :
the male P.fusca has short, chitinous, slightly curved, prothoraeic air-nipples, and
short nipple-like mesopleural appendages that spread a dense epaulet-like tuft of
hair ; while P. auriculata has slender, club-shaped, whitish, prothoraeic air-nipples,
and mesopleural tentacles that are clad with silky hair, and are capable of great
extension. But in the majority of species furnished with this kind of tracheate
appendages issuing from the mesothorax, those of the prothorax are absent ; and
some have appendages of the sac form, others of the tentacular form. Among the
exhibits, Ulomyia fuliginosa, Pericoma nubila and trivialis are exponents of the
short, nipple-like, erectile, sac-shaped mesopleural type of appendage seen in P.

46 [February,

fusca ; while Pericoma palustris, mutua, and the nameless species from the
Sehwarzwald, together with P. cognata, which was not exhibited, have the tentacular
type of mcsopleural appendage seen in P. auriculata. Mr. H. St. J. Donisthorpe
read a paper, entitled, " The Life History of Clythra ^-punctata ;" and Mr. G-.
W. Kirkaldy communicated " A Memoir upon the Rliynchotal Family Capsidce." —
II. Rowxand-Bkown, Hon. Sec.

ON TIIE SPECIFIC VALUE OF BYBLIA GOTZIUS, Heebst.
BT GUY A.. K. MARSHALL, F.Z.S.

Some years ago I recorded the statement of Mr. J. M. Hutchin-
son, of Esteourt, Natal, that he had bred a specimen of the wet season
form of Byblia ilithyia, v. acheloia, Wallg., from an egg laid by typical
ilithyia, Drury (A. and M. Nat. Hist. (G), xviii, p. 338, 1896), as a
result of which 1 followed Mr. Trimen in regarding i?. Gotzius, Hbst.,
and its local race acheloia, as merely varieties of Drury's insect. This
view was afterwards opposed by Dr. Dixey in his interesting review
of the genus (Proe. Zool. Soc, 1898, p. 376) ; and later also by Prof.
Chr. Aurivillius (lihop. Aeth., pp. 158, 159).

During the past season I determined to obtain further evidence
on the point by breeding these insects from the egg; Salisbury being
a specially suitable locality for such an experiment, owing to the fact
that both forms occur here in about equal numbers, which 1 do not
remember to have observed in any other part of South Africa. My
attempts to induce the $ s to lay in captivity were futile, but with
the expenditure of a considerable amount of time, I succeeded in
obtaining from twelve to fifteen authenticated eggs of each form in
the field. The food-plant and the general habits of the two insects
appear to be identical, and they both possess the curious habit, which
occurs among a good many of our butterflies, of laying most of their
eggs indiscriminately at some little distance from the food plant : an
instinct probably developed to evade the attacks of various egg-
destroyers, which would principally frequent the food-plants of their
victims. From these eggs I obtained fourteen butterflies in all, and
in every case these bred true to their respective parents. This evi-
dence would not be very cogent in itself, were it not supported by
certain differences exhibited by the two forms in their larval and
pupal instars.

In the case of the larvae it seemed at first as though there might
be a reliable distinction in the structure of the spines, but with the
examination of further material it became evident that there was a
certain amount of individual variation in this direction which rendered
the character useless.

1902.] 47

Finally it proved that the only trustworthy distinction was a
small, but stable, difference in colour ; for whereas in Uitln/ia the
broad central yellow stripe is divided by a narrow longitudinal black
line ; in nchelo'ia there is no such division, the stripe being unicolorous
throughout. This character is based on the breeding results obtained
from about thirty specimens, which will probably be sufficient to
establish its validity. It applies, however, only to the dark form of
the larva, which predominates so much in this locality, that I have
succeeded in finding only two examples of the green form. All those
bred from the egg being dark. Unfortunately both of these green
larvse proved to be acheloia, so that T can only compare them with a
description of the green form of ilithyia, which I made in Natal. The
points of difference are as follows : - The Natal ilithyia is entirely
dull green, with a narrow, duplicated, pale yellow, central line ; each
segment has on its anterior edge three black spots, one in the middle
of the central line, and the others on each side of it. On the other
hand, the Salisbury aclteloia is dull green, with a broad central
greenish-white stripe, containing a slightly darker, narrow, single,
central line in one example, but uniform in the other ; segments with-
out any black spots. Owing, however, to the paucity of specimens,
these distinctions cannot be regarded as reliable.

The differences which exist between the pupa1 of the two insects, though com-
paratively slight, are of more importance owing to their being differences of struc-
ture, and not merely of coloration. In the first place the vertical cephalic projections
are very slightly, but yet appreciably, more prominent in ackelo'ia ; and, further, in
this insect the dorsal hump on the mesothorax is more distinctly carinate on its
anterior declivity. But the most noticeable feature is the difference in the contour
of the two pupre as seen from above. The dorsal, or posterior, margin of the pupal
wing after leaving the prominent shoulder bends strongly inwards as far as the first
abdominal segment, and from there it curves outwards in a bold sweep, which attains
its greatest width on the third segment. This outward curve is much more strongly
marked in ackelo'ia than in ilithyia, as the following measurements show : —

Ilithyia. Achelo'ia.

Length of pupa 185 mm 18-5 mm.

Width at shoulders 60 „ 6"0 „

,, at 1st abdominal segment ... 4'5 „ 4"5 „

„ at 3rd „ „ ... 55 „ 60 „

There seems to be no difference in colour between the two pupre beyond a con-
siderable range of individual variation. In the long series of ilithyia bred by Mr.
Hutchinson in Natal the green type of pupa vastly predominated, there being only
about 5 per cent, of the brown form. My own experience was just the reverse, the
green form being entirely absent, though the surroundings were often such as would
tend to produce that colour in a fully sensitive pupa.

48 [February 1902.

Observation of the conditions under which the larvae of Bi/hlia
exist in this locality tend to throw some light on the probable cause
of their marked dimorphism. In the short herbage of the open veldt
round Estcourt the nettle upon which these insects feed stools out
into a low clump-like growth, amidst which the green larva is well
concealed, but the dark fortn is decidedly conspicuous To any one
who has only observed the latter under these circumstances the
explanation of its distinctive colouring must present a decided
difficulty. But widely distributed species such as these must en-
counter varying conditions throughout their range, and to these they
must be able to adapt themselves. Such is doubtless the case in the
present instance. For in the rank growth of this country this
particular nettle assumes a somewhat creeping habit with more widely
distant leaves, and is especially fond of twining itself among the close
woody stems of several small shrubs. When a dark Byhlio larva is
seen upon the plant under these conditions the protective value of
its dark and light stripes at once becomes obvious, and this probably
accounts for the much greater prevalence here of the dark form in
both the larva and the pupa. It would be of much interest to
ascertain the larval colours assumed by these two species in various
parts of their extended range, and especially in relation to the habits
of their food plant. The differentiation of the larvae into two forms
is probably of considerable antiquity, as may be judged partly from
the marked character of the dimorphism, all tendency to intermediate
variation having been eliminated ; but principally from the fact that
the two types may be readily distinguished from the first moult. The
larva of acheloia cannot be distinguished for certain from that of
ilithyia until its fourth stage. And since in its third stage it exhibits
distinct traces of the dark central line characteristic of the latter
insect, this fact, in conjunction with its smaller range, points to the
conclusion that it is a later development from the typical species. It
is probable that India was the original home of the genus, and it
possibly took part in that great influx of animal life from Asia into
Africa, which, according to the suggestion originally made by Huxley,
took place in later Miocene times. The new conditions under which
it then found itself would thus lead to the preservation of suitable
varieties, resulting in the establishment of B. Gotzius and its various
local forms. Following out this supposition the Madagascar sub-
species B. Gutzius-anvatara would have arisen subsequent to the
isolation of that island, owing its origin to the occasional immigration
of examples of Gotzius from the mainland And this view is supported

March, 1902.] 4,9

by the fact that along the East African littoral Gotzius is the dominant
species almost to the exclusion of ilitkyia, which prefers the cooler
uplands and plateaux of the interior.

In comparing the wet season forms of these two species the most
striking difference which presents itself is the absence in ackeloia of
the broad white bauds on the under-side of the hind-wings. There is,
I believe, an important significance in this deviation from the colouring
of the typical species ; for achcloia, when at rest, presents thereby a
notable remsemblance to the wide-spread and distasteful Acrcea
Terpsichore L. (A. serena, auctt.), and its various subspecies. This
fact will probably throw some light ou the peculiar distribution of the
two species of Byblia. For certainly, so far as South Africa is
concerned, the ranges of ackeloia and A. Terpsickore-Rougeti, Boisd.
{A. Buxtoni, Butl.), are practically coincident ; whereas in the strong-
holds of ilitkyia this Acrcea is of rare occurrence, or, more frequently,
entirely absent. In the warmer and more luxuriant lowlands the
development of bird and butterfly life is at its maximum, and the
struggle for existence is consequently keenest. And it is precisely in
such localities that ackeloia has ousted ilithyia, which we cau readily
understand as soon as we realise the higher protective value of its
incipient mimetic colouring. The persistence of the broad white
stripes on the under-side (in conjunction with the uniform dark
background) in the dry season forms of both species is doubtless due
to their procryptic value upon the same principle as the tiger's stripes.

The following is a detailed description of the larva of B. Gotzius-
ackeloia :

Full-grown larva : — Length, exclusive of cephalic horns, 25 to 30 nun. ; head
black, except a broad band of dull green extending from the back of horns to the
anterior margin of 2nd segment. The lateral portions of lobes are fairly closely set
with short stout white spines of varying lengths, and there are also a few on the
vertex ; these spines arc sparsely scattered with very short white hairs. The vertex
of each lobe is gradually produced into a very long cephalic horn, measuring about
4.5 mm. This horn is only very slightly narrowed to apex, where it is distinctly
clubbed, the club bearing a vertical spine surrounded by a whorl of five short thick
spines, with usually either one or two additional thinner ones. The main stem of
the horn bears nine or ten irregularly placed short spines, much thinner than those on
the club, and is also studded with minute setigerous tubercles. The colour of the
horn is dark-greenish black and the stem spines black, usually with white bases.
TJie horns are placed much more vertically than in Precis, and are thus more nearly
in a line with the front of the face ; when at rest the head is bent in sharply so
that they project straight out in front. Body cylindrical, set with series of stout
branched spines. The spines have a short thick base (1 mm. in the largest), on the

E

50 [March,

summit of which is a thin vertical spike, distinctly longer than the basal part,
surrounded by a whorl of similar but shorter spikes of varying number. In the
two dorsal rows, which are the largest, the whorl contains four spikes, except on
3rd and 4th segments, in which it has Qve and sometimes six, and on 11th and 12th,
where it has five, but sometimes only four. The subdorsal and lateral rows of
spines have only three spikes in the whorl, except on segments 3, 4, 5 and 6,
where there are four and rarely five. In the sublateral row the base of the spine is
reduced to a mere tubercle, and the whorl contains either three or four spikes. The
colour of the body spines is black with a dark blue metallic reflection, but the
summit of the dorsal spines from which the whorl springs is greenish-white, and
the whorl spikes in the lateral and sublateral rows are white. Second segment with
a group of three short simple black spines on either side of central line, and below
them a white whorled lateral spine, and a similar sublateral one just above the leg.
Third and fourth segments with a dorsal, lateral and sublateral whorled spine on
either side. Abdominal segments similar, but with an additional subdorsal spine.
The 11th and 12th segments differ, however, from all the rest in having an additional
spine on the median line ; these spines have a whorl of five spikes, but differ from
the others in having no central spike. The segmental incisions are not very deep,
and the abdominal segments are broken into four rings ; the anterior one comprises
rather more than half the segment and carries the spines ; the remaining three are
narrow and subequal. General colour velvety black or very dark brown, with a
broad pale yellow, or dirty white, central stripe between the dorsal spines. A
lateral ochreous-red or yellow stripe, lying between and including the subdorsal and
lateral spines, well defined on thoracic, very ill-defined and broken up on abdominal,
segments ; being encroached upon by two diagonal blackish lines, starling from the
same point at apex of segment and sloping downwards and forwards ; the upper
longer one passes between the spines and through the spiracle, the lower runs only
to the base of the sublateral spine. The entire upper surface of the larva is sparsely
scattered with minute white shagreen dots, often irregularly arranged in transverse
rows.

First stage. — Length, at termination, about 4 mm. Head dark brown, witli
about a dozen scattered black hairs, the lower ones short, those on vertex moderately
long ; no cephalic horn. Colour of body greenish-white, with three large irregular
lateral patches of dark brown ; the anterior one extending from behind middle of
3rd to middle of 5th segment; the middle one on 7th and slightly encroaching
on 8th; the posterior one on 10th and 11th segments. Body glabrous. The
segments have the following arrangement of tubercles from either side of central
line downwards. Second segment : a large composite dorsal tubercle bearing four
seta;, a single subdorsal tubercle bearing one seta, two lateral tubercles placed
longitudinally, the anterior bearing two setae, the posterior none ; lastly, a tubercle
above leg with two seta\ Third and fourth segments : a regular transverse row of
five tubercles, the dorsal, subdorsal, and that above leg with a single seta each,
remainder with two. Abdominal segments with six tubercles on either side, bearing
one seta each ; 1st and 3rd placed near anterior edge, 2nd much further back, 4th
and 5th placed longitudinally close together in the segments with claspers, but
transversely in the others.

Second stage. — Greatest length, (5 mm. Head entirely black, shiny, with scat-

1302.] 51

tered small black tubercles bearing long black seta; (no sign of white tubercles) ;
vertex of each lobe produced into a short, thick, cephalic horn, about two-thirds as
long as the face, of a transparent testaceous-yellow colour, and irregularly set with
comparatively largo setigerous tubercles. Second segment has on cither side of
central lino a collection of four small pale conical tubercles, each bearing a long seta,
and around their bases are six or seven short setae ; a much larger, white, conical,
subdorsal tubercle, with one apical and three lateral black setae ; two minute uni-
setigerous tubercles placed below and in front of spiracle ; above leg a conical
tubercle, with an apical and three lateral setse. On the third and fourth segments
the dorsal tubercles are very stout, and their apices are produced into a short
central projection, bearing a long black seta, surrounded by a whorl of five or six
similar projections ; the subdorsal tubercle is similar but smaller, and below it is
one above the leg like that on second segment. The abdominal segments have
similar dorsal, subdorsal, lateral tubercles, the irregularly placed second tubercle of
the first stage having disappeared ; and the eleventh and twelfth have the additional
central tubercle as in the mature larva. The colouring is very similar to that of the
first stage, being greenish- or yellowish-white, with the small, ill-defined, lateral
patches, but these are now joined by a narrow broken brown line running just above
the subdorsal tubercles. The white shagreen tubercles are absent, but short black
setse are very sparsely distributed over the surface, more particularly round the
bases of the tubercles. The dorsal tubercles on segments 4, 7, and 11 are brownish,
the remainder whitish.

Third stage. — The structure of the body spines and cephalic horns is practically
identical with that in the mature larva, the latter being much longer than in the
second stage, viz., one and half times the length of the face. The head is still
entirely black, but a few white tubercles make their appearance, and the cephalic
horns are entirely black. The ground colour of the body is of a much more pro-
nounced greenish or yellowish tinge, thus showing up the paler central stripe, which
is divided by a narrow, slightly darker, line. The dark lateral patches of the earlier
stages are here scarcely distinguishable, the pigment apparently having concentrated
in the dorsal and subdorsal spine stems, which are almost black on all the segments,
except 6, 9, 10, and 13, on which they are whitish, but with the greater part of
their apical spikes black.

The remaining are so similar to the full-grown larva as to need no detailed
description.

Salisbury, Mashoualand :
October, 1901.

EYMENOPTERA COLLECTED BY COL. YERBURY
IN S.-W. IRELAND IN 1901.

ACULEATA BY EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.S.,; CURYSlDIDJi AND TENTHREDINW.K.
BY REV. P. D. MORICE, M.A., F.E.S. ; ICHNEUMONID.E (INCLUDING A SPECIES
NEW TO OUR FAUNA) BY CLAUDE MORLEY, F.E.S.

ACULEATA.

Colonel Yerbury, during his recent visit to Ireland, was good
enough to collect Hijmcnoptera on my behalf, and amongst the Acu-

52 [March,

leates of the collection are many species of considerable interest,
although there is none actually new to our lists. All, however, are
interesting, on account of the localities, and some on account of their
very unusual coloration. Amongst the latter may be mentioned speci-
mens of Crabro dimidiatus which have almost entirely lost their yellow
markings ; a small black $ of C. 4s-maculatus belonging to the var.
geniculatus which, except for the sharp teeth uuder the cheeks, would
have passed as a curious species of the subgenus Coelocrabro, for
which I took it at first and tried hard to make a new species of it,
but at last discovered what it really was. The melanic variety of
MegacMle Willughbiella mentioned in the following list is most
striking, and all the examples taken were similarly coloured ; the
collection also contains a very dark Bomb us Smithianus £ of quite
different coloration to any I have seen before. Perhaps the rarest
species taken was Golletes montanus, which hitherto has only been
recorded from Irvine, in Scotland.

Formica fusca, Linn., Parknasilla, nest, 3.8.01 ; Valentia I., nest with winged
sexes, 2.8.01.

Lasius niger, Linn., Waterville, nest witli winged sexes, 2.8.01, Parknasilla,
nest under stones with winged sexes, 2.7-01, Kenmare, nest under stones with
winged sexes, 5.7.01 ; Jiavus, De G., Waterville, nest with winged sexes, 3.8.01,
Parknasilla, nest under stones with winged sexes, 13.7.01.

Myrmica rubra (race ruginodis), Linn., Waterville, nest under stones with
winged sexes, 3.8.01, Parknasilla, nest under stones with winged sexes, 13.7.01.

Fompilus plumbeus, Fab., <J ? , Waterville, 27.7—2.8.01, Dooks, 25.8.01 ;
niger, Fab., $ ? , Kenmare, Cloonee, Loo Bridge, Parknasilla, Glengariff, 14.6 —
24.7.01, 3rd submarginal cell petiolated in all the males and in 5 out of the 9
females ; unguicularis, Thorns., 1 $ , Waterville, 30.7.01 ; gibbus, Fab., 1 ? , Water-
ville, 27.7.01.

Salius exaltatus, Fab., 3 (J , 11 V , Parknasilla, Glengariff, Waterville, Valentia,
Kenmare, 15.6—10.8.01.

Ceropafes maculata, Fab., $ V > Waterville, Caragh Lake, Glonbeigh, 5.7 —
17.8.01.

Fassalcecus monilicornis, Dhlb., 1 $ ,(var. black labrum), Caragh Lake, 20.8.01*

Oorytes mystaceus, Linn., 1 <J , 13 $ , Kenmare and Glengariff, 15.6 — 10.7.01.

Nysson spinosus, Fab., 2 $ , 5 $ , Kenmare and Glengariff, 23.6—10.7.01.

Mellinus arvensis, Linn., <J £ , Waterville, Caragh Lake, Kenmare, Loo
Bridge, Dooks, Valentia, Darrynane.

Oxybelus unigfumis, Linn., $ ?, Waterville, Dooks, Darrynane, 27.7 — 15.8.01.

Crabro olavipes, Linn., 1 $ , Kenmare, 30.6.01 ; leucostomus, Linn., 1 J , 2 ? ,
Kenmare, Caragh Lake, Parknasilla, 27.6 —20.8.01 ; cetratus, Shuck., 2 $ , Ken-
mare, 27.6.01, Parknasilla, 15.7-01 ; palmipes, Linn., 3 <J , 2 $ , Loo Bridge, Cloonee,
Kenmare, 3—6.7-01; varius, Lep., 4 $ , Kenmare, Loo Bridge, Cloonee, 27.6—
3.7.01 j ^maculatus, Fab., 3 <J , Glengariff, Caragh Lake, 26.6.01, 14—20.8.01;

1902. 53

4-maculatus (var. geniculates), Shuck., 1 very small black $ , Parknasilla, 28.7.01 ;
dimidiates, Fab., fi ? , very dark, Glengariff, Kenmare, Parknasilla ; the abdomen
in the Parknasilla specimen scarcely shows any indication of spots, those on the 3rd
segment even being reduced to a minimum ; cephalotes, Pz., 3 9 , Pai'knasilla,
Caragh Lake, 14.7-01—14.8.01; chrysostomus, Lep., 6 <?,7 9, Parknasilla, Loo
Bridge, Kenmare, Caragh Lake, Glengariff, GHenmore, 16.6 — 14.7.01 ; vagus, Linn.,
1 ? , Caragh Lake, 20.8.01.

Vespa rufa, Linn., 1 ^ , Parknasilla, 21.7.01 , 1 9 , Kenmare, 10.7.01 ; austriaca,
Pz., 1 ?, Parknasilla, 15.7.01.

Odynerus trifasciatus, Oliv., 5 $ , 5 9 > Parknasilla, Cloonee, Glengariff, Ken-
mare, 19.6 — 24.7.01; trimarginatus, Zett., 3 $ , 6 $, Parknasilla, Loo Bridge,
Glengariff, Kenmare, Caragh Lake, Valentia, Ardgowan, 18.6 — 20.8.01 ; parietinus,
Linn., 2 £ , 1 9 , Kenmare and Glengariff, 19.6-7.7.01 ; sinuatus, Fab., 1 $ , 2 ? ,
Kenmare, Loo Bridge, Glengariff, 24.6 — 6.7.01.

Colletes succinctus, Linn., 11 $ , 1 ? , Valentia, Dooks, Glenbeigh, Waterville,
Caragh Lake, Loo Bridge, 27.7—20.8.01 ; montanus, Mor., 9 <? , 6 ? , Waterville,
27.7—2.8.01.

Prosopis confusa, Nyl., 7 <? , Glengariff, Kenmare, 14.6 — 7-7.01.

Sphecodes suhquadrates, Sm., 1 £, 1 ?, Caragh Lake, Kenmare, 20.8 and
20.fi.01 ; affinis, v. Hag., 3 9 , Kenmare, 5.7—23.8.01.

Halictus rubicundus, Chr., 9 o*, 23 9 > Glengariff, Kenmare, Parknasilla,
Cloonee, Waterville, Loo Bridge, Caragh Lake, 15.6 — 1.9.01 ; " Bombylius hovering
over holes," Kenmare, 10.7.01 ; cylindricus, Fab., 1 £ , Caragh Lake, 14.8.01 ;
albipes, Kirb., 1 $ , 12 9 > Glengariff, Loo Bridge, Kenmare, Caragh Lake, Cloonee,
Waterville, 10.6—14.8.01 ; villosulus, Kirb., Glengariff, Kenmare, 13—27.6.01 ;
punctatissinius, Schk., 1 £ , 2 £ , Glengariff, Kenmare, 15.6 — 26.8.01 ; nitidiusculus,
Kirb., 2 (J, 5 9 , Kenmare, Valentia, 27.6 — 10.8.01; "Bombylius hovering over
holes, apparently throwing off eggs with a jerk," Kenmare, 27.6.01 ; temulorum,
Linn., 1 9 , Kenmare, 27.6.01 ; Jeucopus, Kirb., 1 9 > Kenmare, 30.6.01.

Andrena albicans, Kirb., 1 9 , Glengariff, 19.6.01 ; f neat a, Smith, 4 $ , 6 ? ,
Glengariff, Kenmare, Loo Bridge, Parknasilla, 16.6 — 15.7.01 ; Gwynana, Kirb.,
1<J,3 9, Parknasilla, Kenmare, 10.7—21.7.01; fuscipes, Kirb., 1 £, Kenmare,
23.8.01; denticulata, Kirb., 4 $ , 4 9 , Waterville, Parknasilla, Darrynane, 12.7 —
1.8.01 ; analis, Panz., 1 $, 1 9 , Loo Bridge, Caragh Lake, 8.7—30.7.01 ; coitana,
Kirb., 5 <? , 14 9 , Waterville. Kenmare, Parknasilla, Glengariff, Staigue, Glencar ;
Cetii, Schr., 2 $ , 2 9 , Kenmare, Loo Bridge, 6.7—1.9.01 ; humilis, Imh., 9 $ ,9 9 ,
Kenmare, Glengariff, 12 — 27-6.01 ; nana, Kirb., 1 9 > Kenmare, 27.6.01 ; minutula,
Kirb., 4 9 i Kenmare, Glengariff, Cloonee, 16.6 — 3.7.01 .

Nomada alternate, Kirb., 9 , Glengariff, 16.6.01 ; Roberjeotiana, Pz., 2 9 .
Waterville, 27.7.01; solidaginis, Pz., 3 <? , 3 9, Loo Bridge, Kenmare, Caragh
Lake, 20.8— 1.9.01 ; ruficornis; Linn.,. 2 $ , 2 9 , Kenmare, 28.6—23.8.01.

Ccelioxys elongata, Lep., 4 $ , 2 9 , Glengariff, Cloonee, Caragh Lake, Ken-
mare, Parknasilla, Staigue, 19.6—25.8.01 ; acuminata, Nyl., 2 9 , Waterville, Ken-
mare, 4—27.7.01.

Megachile Willughbiella, Kirb. ,7 £,11 9 .Parknasilla, Loo Bridge, Darrynane,
Kenmare, Cloonee, Waterville, Glengariff, 16.6.01—31.7.01.

The 9 specimens are most peculiar in coloration, and in this respect quite

54 [March,

unlike those we get in England. The hairs of the vertex of the head, of the disc of
the thorax, and of the 3rd and following dorsal segments of the abdomen are black,
whereas the hairB of the face and of the under parts of the thorax and of the base
of the abdomen are white, or nearly so, giving the insect much the aspect of
M. analis, Nyl., a species which has not yet been recorded from Britain, and which
at first I hoped they would prove to be, but they lack the gibbous scutellum and
white hairs on the 6th dorsal segment so characteristic of that species. The males
only differ from English specimens in the whiter hairs of the under-side.

Megachile centuncularis, 2 $ , Glengariff, Kenmare, 23 — 29.6.01.

Psithyrus Barbutellus, Kirb., 2 <? , 1 ?, Kenmare, Valentia, 10 and 23.8.01
1 $ very small, 9 very dark; campestris, Pz., 2 $ , 6 9> Kenmare, Glengariff
18.6—1.9.01, 1 <? and 1 9 of the black variety.

Bombus hortorum, Linn., 2 9 , Glengariff, 14 — 18.6.01 ; Jonellus, Kirb., 1 9
1 9 , Beoun Mountains, Parknasilla, 21—22.7.01 ; lapidarius, Linn., 1 <? , 1 <j? , 1 $S
Kenmare, Glengariff, Darrynane, 19.6 — 1.9.01 ; Smithianus, White, 2 $ , 1 9,1 9
Loo Bridge, Kenmare, Waterville, Staigne, Mt., 19.7 —27.8.01 ; one male is most
striking in its coloration, the thoracic hairs being of a dark chestnut-brown and the
pubescence generally being of a brownish tinge ; agrorum, Fab., 4 9,5 9 > Kenmare
Glengariff, Parknasilla, 12.6—10.8.01.

Cheysidid^;.
Chrysis ignita, L., Darrynane, Valentia, 31.7 — 3.8.01.

Tentiiredinid.&:.
Abia sericea, L., 3 <$ , 3 9 > Kenmare, Glencar, Parknasilla, Caragh Lake, 4.7 —
26.8.01 ; candens, Konow, 1 9 > Darrynane, 31.7.01.

Trichiosoma Latreillei, Leach, 1 9 > Parknasilla, 13.7.' '1.
Tenthredopsis Coqueberti, Kl., 1 9 > Kenmare, 30.6.01.
Tenthredo atra, L., Glengariff, 16.6.01.
Allantus arcnatus, Forst., Waterville, 27.7.01.

ICHNETJMONID^:.

Ccelichneumon derasus, Wesrn., 9 > Loo Bridge, 29.6.01 ; deliratorius, Linn, S ,
Glengariff, 13.6.01 ; sarcitorius, Linn., Kenmare, 9 > 4.7.01.

Melanichneumon monostagon, Grav., <? , Kenmare, 5.7.01.

Amhlyteles armatorius, Forst., $ , Glengariff, 19.6.01.

Pseudamhly teles palliatorius, Grav., J £ , Parknasilla, 24.7-01, Glengariff,
14.6.01.

Probolus conoinnus, Wesm., <? 9> Bui. Ac Brux., 1853, p. 303 ; Berth. Ann.
Soc. Ft., 1896, p. 306 ; ? , Parknasilla, 14.7.01 ; Obs. Ab P. alticola, Grav., differt :
corpore nitidiore, metathorace paulo breviore et minus scabro, abdominis seqmento
primo, sicut et sequentibus, nitido et vel ruguloso vet saepius eonfertim punctata, hujus
postpetiolo paulo latiore. Scutellum interdum album purum. New to our Fauna.

Trogus lutorius, Fab., 9 > Caragh Lake, 20.8.01.

Platylabus dimidiatus, Grav., 9 > Caragh Lake, 14.8.01; nigricollis, Wesm.
9, Kenmare, 2.7.01.

Colpognathus celerator, Grav., 9 > Kenmare, 7.7.01.

Spilocryptus ornattis, Grav., 2 9," bred from Zygcena filipendulce ?. Puparium

1902.] 55

found Parknasilla loth July ; emerged 4th and 7th August." Obs. : the accom-
panying cocoons arc bright flavous, and, I think, those of Z. trifolii, Esp.

Ptectooryptus citrous, Sohr., = rufipes, Grav, $ .Parknasilla, 22.7.01 ; arrogans,
Qrr&y., <J , Parknasilla, 22.7.01.

Liocryptus analis, Grav., 3 $ ? , Kcnmarc, Glengariff, 19 — 30.fi.01.

Styloeryptus vagabundus, Grav., ? , Kenmare, 22.8.01.

Goniocryptus titillator, Grav, ? Waterville, 27-7.01 j ? var. tarsis posticis
feretotis nigrit, $ , Glengariff, 27.6.01 ; clypearis, Thorns., <J , Waterville, 30.7-01.

Mierocryptus ? sericans, Grav , ? , Parknasilla, 24.7.01.

Hemiteles? solutus, Thorns., <? , Cloonee, 3.7.01; ( <J undescpibed. Obs.:
Fetnoribus anticis sitbtus lestaceis).

Pezomachus analis, Forst, ? , Waterville, 27.7.01. I am indebted to Mr.
Ernest A. Elliott for the determination of this species.

Schizoloma amicta, Fab, ? , Valentia Island, 7.8.01.

Campoplex sp., ? , Caragh Lake, 13.8.01 ; sp., $ , Kenmare, 7.7-01.

Limneria crassicornis, Grav, ? , Waterville, 26.7.01.

Tryphon elongator,¥&b., ?, Kenmare, 7.7.01; braccatus, Grav, Glengariff
23.6.01 ; trochanteratus, Holmgr, Loo Bridge, 6.7.01 ; sp., Glengariff, 20.6.01.

Pimp/a sp., ? , Kenmare, 30.6.01 ; Braconidce.

Chelonus inanitus, Nees, $ , Parknasilla, 18.7-01.

FOUR NEW SPECIES OF DIPTEKA (Fam. BORBORIDM) FOUND

IN BRITAIN.

BY J. E. COLLIN, F. E. S.

The four species here described have been well known to me for
some time past as very remarkable and easily distinguishable members
of the Dipterous family Borboridcd, and when Mr. Yerrall was pre-
paring his "List of British Diptera" for a second edition, I decided
that they should be included in that "List," while to save them from
becoming mere Catalogue names I now publish the following de-
scriptions.

BORBORUS NOTABILIS, 71. Sp., <$ .

Large shining black species resembling B. nitidus. Hind tibia?
with a fine bristle beneath towards the front. Middle tibiae with 5— G
spines on the upper side, but with only two on the under side, one
towards the front and one towards behind. Middle femora and tibia?
with long silky pubescence underneath. Hind femora without the
hooked process near the base, and anterior femora without the short
stubby spines of B. nitidus.

Entirely shining black species, with only the joints of the legs at all pale,
though, the tarsi (especially the middle) are not so dark as the rest of the legs.
Chwtotaxy of the head and thorax normal as in B. nitidus. Abdomen broader and
the genitalia more globular than in B. nitidus.

56 [March,

Front femora very thick and strong, stouter than in B. nitidus, but without
short stubby spines on their under-side as in that speeies ; first joint of the front
tarsi armed witb a decided hook in front at the tip.

Middle femora not so constricted at the base, and without the short stubby

Fig. 1. B. notabilis, $. Ri<dit middle leg.
spines of B. nitidus, but with a row of bristles in front, which get longer and
more distinct as they approach the tip ; femora beneath and tibia} on the under-
side clothed with long soft hairs, which are longer on the tibia1 than on the
femora. There are fewer spines on the middle tibia? than in B. nitidus, as there
are only two on the under-side in addition to those at the apex, one almost in front
at about two-thirds, and one towards behind a little nearer the tip ; middle tarsi
without the pubescence of B. nitidus, and the first joint only equal in length to the
next two instead of the next three as in that species.

Hind femora without the hooked process of the male of B. nitidus, but with
4 — 5 fine bristles above and 2 — 3 below nearer the tip ; hind tibiae with a short
bristle in front towards beneath, a little more than half way down, the usual
pre-apical seta, and two apical spurs, neither of which are twisted or flattened as
in B. nitidus ; first joint of the hind tarsi with a hook at the tip behind, and very
little more than half the length of the next joint, which is but very slightly
dilated.

Wings not so yellowish as in B. nitidus, though with the cross-veins obscured.

Length, 4^ mm.

I have only seen one male of this species which I found on some
fungi in Bradley Park Wood (Suffolk) on November Gth, 1898, but
it is so abundantly distinct that I have considered it safe to describe
it as new. The female ought to be easily separated from that of B.
nitidus by the number of spines on the middle, and the presence of
the bristle in front of the hind tibiae.

I have compared this species only with B. nitidus in the above
description, as it superficially resembles that species more than any
other]; B. suillorum and B. Boseri, besides being only half the size,
have not the bristle in front of the hind tibiae, and have the legs
more extensively pale ; B. niger, of which I have not yet seen a
British specimen, has the bristle on the hind tibia?, but differs
in having only one pair of the outer dorsal row of bristles de-
veloped, and is a duller species with the legs abundantly clothed

1902.]

57

with soft brown hairs ; B. punctipennis, Mcq. (1835), may possibly bo
the female of my species, but anyhow his name cannot stand, as it
had been used for another species by Wiedemann in 1824 ; B. nervosus,
Mg., which Rondani included among those species with the middle
tibiae bristly down their whole length outside, cannot be my species,
as "Rondani says the hooked process of nitidus is present at the base
of the male hind femora, while Meigen's original description will not
apply at all to the species I have described.

Sph^rocera. eximia, n. sp., <$ ? .
Margin of scutellum denticulate. Discal (fourth longitudinal)
vein curved upwards towards the radial at its end. Legs simple ;
front tibia? bearing above at the tip a small spine lying nearly flat.

Head of S. pusilla type ; the cheeks and the space between the antennae often
of a reddish colour.

Thorax and scutellum with a quantity of flat white points, each placed upon a
minute black wart ; there are no bare lines on the thorax, and the ground colour is
more shining black than in S. pusilla, because it is not finely punctate. Scutellum
with 14 — 16 stout teeth (which are occasionally reddish-brown), each tooth con-
sisting of a stout elongated wart with a flat white point at its tip.

Abdomen ovate with almost equal segments, punctate and shining black, with
duller incisures and often whitish side margins. Venter with pale yellowish-white
membraneous side margins ; the shining black ventral plates bear a scattered pale
pubescence, and their hind margins are pale ; in the male the hind margin of the
fourth plate has a square piece cut. out to accommodate the genitalia.

Legs black, with the coxse, trochanters (more or less), and the knees pale
(when immature the legs may be entirely reddish-brown), all clothed with a

quantity of the . flat white points ;
front tibiae above at the tip with a
short spine lying nearly flat, and hind
tibiae underneath with two short apical
spurs, the one towards in front being
the shorter ; basal joint of the hind
feet not much dilated, and hardly
equal in length to the next two joints.
Wings (fig. 2) clear, with pale yellowish nervures. Haltercs pale.
Length, 2 mm.

I have seen three males and two females of this species, taken at
Chippenham Fen near here, 31.1.98, 2G. 12.93, and 27 5.95, and in
the paddock behind Mr. Verrall's house at Newmarket, 15.5.97
and 15.5.01.

This species may possibly be only Meigen's Borborus hyalipennis,
as he described it as having " die vierte Langsader stark vorwarts

Fig.

,„„,„„„>>*"

S. eximia, 6 , wing.

58

[March,

gebogen ;" but his description is far too vague, as he does not even
state if the seutellum is denticulate. Rondani's Sph. curvina must
also be very closely allied, or it may even have been a dwarfed and
immature specimen of S. eximia. Neither of these species has been
recognised since the descriptions were published, and as I considered
it necessary to have this very distinct species in the British List for
the benefit of future collectors, I describe it as new, and point out the
possible synonymy.

Limosina Halidayi, n. sp., $ ? .
Like L. lutosa, but of a lighter colour ; the face, pleura? and legs
being of a light soft, almost silvery, grey. Male with the first three
joints of the hind tarsi gradually decreasing in length and size, the
third joint being very small, fourth slender and nearly as long as the
first three together, and the fifth about half the length of the fourth.
Genitalia very distinct from that of L. lutosa. Female with the hind
tarsi simple, and with only soft hairs on the hind trochanters.

Head of the same shape as that of L. lutosa ;
face, cheeks and jowls light grey, the face with a
yellowish tinge.

Thorax light greyish-brown, with bristles as in
L. lutosa; acrostichal bristles very inconspicuous :
seutellum eight bristled. Abdomen with a decided
glaucous tinge, bristly at. the sides and round the
remarkable genitalia of the male.

Legs with the posterior coxa) and trochanters
(more or less), the knees and the tarsi (particularly
the whole of the middle and the basal joint of the
front tarsi), pale ; bristles as in L. lutosa ; the rela-
tive lengths of the joints of the hind tarsi in the male
are, however, very different (fig. 3), and there are
also more of the stubby bristles (and these are
longer behind) on the hind trochanters of the male.

Wings (fig. 4) as in L. lutosa. Halteres pale
yellow.

This species is very distinct in the
male by its remarkable hind tarsi; it is
difficult to separate the female from that
of L. Intosa, but the lighter colour and the
absence of any stubby bristles on the hind
trochanters in my species suffice to iden-
tify it.

Length, 2£ — 2| mm.

This is a mud loving species, of which I have taken about twenty

Fig. 3. L. Halidayi,
6 ■ Left hind leg.

Fig. 4. L. Halidayi. <J . Wing.

1902.]

59

specimens at Kirtliiig near here, and in the ditch in Mr. Verrall's
paddock at Newmarket in the months of August and September. I
have named this species after the late A H. Haliday, as a tribute to
the memory of one who did a large amount of most useful work in
the family.

L. Hal i day i belongs to a group in the genus which includes L.
fontinalis, roralis, fuscipennis, h/fosa, limosa, and geniculata, all of
which have more than four bristles on the seutellum, even if two are
only very small, and a peculiar long bristle on the middle trochanters
in front, pointing in the direction of the femur ; moreover, the last
four species also have the front pair of the dorsal row of bristles
and one humeral bristle strongly incurved ; zosterce, Hal., also pos-
sesses this last character, the first two pairs of the dorsal bristles
being incurved, but it has only four scutellar bristles. L. Holiday i
is most allied to L. lutosa, with which I have compared it.

LlMOSINA MIRABTLIS, 11. sp., J1 ? .

A small dull brownish-black species, with a remarkable spine on
the under-side of the hind tibia? in both sexes.

Eyes small ; antennae pointing out sideways, arista pubes-
cent ; inter-antcnnal keel fairly prominent ; frons often slightly
reddish in front.

Thorax dull, clothed with brownish pubescence. Seutellum
with four bristles.

Abdomen slightly more shining than the thorax, with the
second segment the longest ; in the male there is a small tuft of
hairs at each corner of the fifth segment at the tip, on the under-
side of the abdomen ; while at the end of the female abdomen
there are two yellow palpi-like processes, each of which has a
small black bristle at the tip above.

Legs varying in colour from yellowish-brown to brown, but

never black, and always with the tarsi paler; the hind tibiae bear
Fig. 5. I. rnirabilis.
(J. Left hind leg. a most extraordinary long curved spine beneath, starting at a

little more than half way down, and extending be-
yond the tip of the tibia? (fig. 5) : second joint of
the hind tarsi slightly dilated, and very little longer/
than the first joint. \

Wings (fig. 6) not clouded, with the nervure9 N.,,

pale. Halteres with a pale stem but a darkened '"" •.■,>l».,,1.r,,.r,iif"'fl"

knob Fig- 6. L.mirubilis. 6. Wing.

Length, 1 — 1£ mm.

This species was taken by Mr. Verrall on his stable window, here,

"*%»•*,

60 [March,

in April, 1S96, and he noticed the extraordinary spine on the hind
tibia?, and placed the species in his collection under the MS. name
mirnbilis. I have also taken it here, and at Kirtling, in April, May,
June and July, but it seems to be commonest in April.

I know of no described species with the above characters, and it
seems hardly possible that any student of this group could have
overlooked the peculiar spine on the hind tibia?.

Sussex Lodge, Newmarket :
January, 1902.

AN AUSTRALIAN SPECIES OF MICBOPTERYGIDJE.
BY E. METRTCK, B.A., F.Z.S.

No species of the Family Micropten/gidce, so interesting from its
highly primitive character, has hitherto been recorded from Australia,
nor have I ever previously obtained one, though I now possess over
2000 species of Tineina from that region. On the other hand from
New Zealand, with 230 Tineina, I know of nine species of Micro-
pteri/qidce ; and as these latter are, from their invisibility in flight,
especially likely to be overlooked, no doubt more remain to be dis-
covered. The present species is nearly allied to a New Zealand one ;
and as there is a sufficiency of biological evidence to indicate a former
land connection between Queensland and the northern extremity of
New Zealand by way of New Caledonia, it seems refisonable to con-
clude that the close relationship of Palceomicra calliplaca from
Queensland and P. zonodoxa from the north of New Zealand points
in the same direction, and (from the figures quoted above) that their
place of origin is properly New Zealand.

PALiEOMICRA CALLIPLACA, n. Sf.

g 9 • 7 — 8 mm. Neuration as in P. zonodoxa, but vein seven of fore-wings
to apex. Head ferruginous. Palpi pale oehreous. Antennno dark grey, with basal
pale ferruginous band. Thorax whitish-yellow. Abdomen dark grey. Anterior
and middle legs whitish-oehreous, apex of joints black ; posterior legs dark grey,
apex of joints whitish-oehreous. Fore-wings suboblong, costa bent near base,
thence gently arched, apex acute, ternien extremely obliquely rounded ; bright deep
purple ; an elongate pale brassy-yellow median basal spot, extending to one-fifth ;
a rather narrow, straight, pale brassy-yellow fascia before middle ; apical third
strewn with pale brassy-yellow scales, sometimes forming a defined costal dot at
two-thirds ; cilia dark grey, round apex oehreous-white except at base. Hind-wings
rather dark grey, lighter anteriorly, sometimes purplish-tinged ; cilia grey.

Eight specimens received from Dr. A. J. Turner, who took the

19033 61

species in plenty on Mount Tambourine, 20 miles south of Brisbaue,
Queensland, in November and December. The bill is covered with
luxuriant tropical forest, and amongst this be found P. calliplqca in
great numbers resting on the flowers or a small shrub (Claoxylon
oust rale, one of the Euphorbia cece) ; it seemed strictly confined to
this plant, but considering the known habits of the group, the moths
were probably feeding on the flowers, and the food- plant of the larva'
would be something quite different.

Elmswood, Marlborough :
January, 1902.

DESCRIPTIONS OF ORIENTAL LIMNICRINI (COLEOPTERA,
F AM. B YR R RLDM) .

BY D. SHARP, M.A., M.B., F.li.S.

When studying the Central American Limnichini for the Biologia
Centrali Americana, I found that 1 must establish several new genera,
and 1 was very much surprised, on comparing the Oriental forms in
my collection with those from the New World, to find that there was
an extreme similarity. Nevertheless, on investigating the structural
characters it seems that most of the Oriental forms will be placed in
genera different from those of the New World, and I here establish
two new genera for the eastern forms. One of the eastern species I
cannot, however, distinguish from Gyphonichus, a Central American
genus.

Although the Limnichini are amongst the most neglected of the
Goleoptera, they prove to be of considerable interest. The arrange-
ments of minor structural [joints so as to facilitate the perfect packing
together of the limbs when " feigning death " are really remarkable.
Extremely few exotics forms have yet been described, though it is
now evident that the subfamily is rather richly represented in tropical
regions. The Munich Catalogue of Coleoptera enumerates only two
species as occurring outside Europe and North America. I have re-
cently described some twenty or thirty Central American forms, and
the descriptions 1 now make of some Oriental allies will prevent its
being supposed that the subfamily is absent from the eastern tropics.
The two exotic species listed in the Munich Catalogue are from
Tasmania and the Cape Verde Islands. The genus Ersachus, placed
by Erichson in Limnichini, and since quite lost sight of, must be
removed to the family Parnidce.

62 [March,

Mandersia, n. g.
Antenna ad basin rigidee; articulis quatuor ultimis fl-agellum fragil-
issimum facientibus. Tibice intermedia et posteriores subtus et intus longius
el latins dcpfanatcE. Presternum haud sulcatum.

Although the number of joints in the antennae is somewhat uncertain, this
genus is nevertheless readily distinguished by the structure of these organs, the
basal joints forming a closely compacted mass, while the four terminal joints are
so loosely connected that the slightest touch disconnects them. These terminal four
joints are similar in size one to the other, each almost spherical but the last one
with an acuminate tip ; they are setose. Next to these four joints are three others
closely connected, and in one aspect looking as though they were only one, the first
of these three joints is short, not lunger than broad, while the last of them is longer
than broad ; nearer to the base is a very long joint, which perhaps consists of two
joints soldered together ; the basal joint is very short and thick, and almost com-
pletely concealed by the epistome. Supposing the tlagelhun in my examples to be
perfect, and the elongate joint to be really two-jointed, this makes the antenna; to
be ten-jointed. They are not drawn into the thorax with the head when this is
retracted. The application of the head to the prosternum is very perfect, and the
deplanation of the tibiae to permit of perfect adaptation to the femora, when re-
tracted, is greater than im any other form. The eyes are laterally placed, and of the
peculiar Limnichus form. The other characters that I can see are such as are
characteristic of the group.

I have named this curious genus iu houour of Surgeon-Major
.Neville Mauders, who twelve or fifteen years ago discovered it in the
Shan States, as well as a number of other interesting insects.

The genus may at present be placed near Physemus Lee, from
which it differs totally in the loosely articulated flagellum of the
antenna).

MaNOKKSIA SOYMNOIOES, il. Sp.
Ovalis, nigra, (/riseu-pubesvens, anteuuis pedib usque rufis ; subtiliter,
minus dense punctata. Long., 3 mm.

Thorax strongly transverse ; the anterior angles much depressed, so as to clasp
the retracted head ; the anterior margin sinuate on each side so as to allow the
antenna} to be directed upwards when the head is retracted; base very closely
applied to the elytra, a little lobed in the middle ; finely punctate, pubescent.
Eyes concealed when the head is retracted, behind obliquely truncate and straight,
in front rounded, not emarginate. Scutellum moderately large, forming an equilateral
triangle. Elytra rather finely and sparingly punctate, shining, except that the
copious pubescence much conceals the surface ; towards the sides with distant
larger punctures serially placed. Under-surface piceous, pubescent, finely punctate.
Legs sordid red.

Hab, : Shan States {Mauders).

Two specimens only were met with of this interesting little
insect.

1902.]

63

Caccothryptus, n. gen.
Corpus ovale, compete turn, setosum. Antenna; fragile*, haud clavata,
ll-articulata, articulis secundo tertioque elongatis subeequalibus, secundo

pendulum deplanato, parum discrete curvato. Caput ad retractionem in
thoraecm satis adaptation.

This genus lias an extreme resemblance in appearance and in most of its cha-
racters to the Central American Enthryptus, but it differs in the eyes being largely
visible from above, in the elongate third joint of the antenna?, and in the greater
width of the ligula and maxillary palpi. Although the exposure of the eyes, and
the fact that the head is only imperfectly retractile, differentiate the genus from the
normal Lhnnichini, yet I think there can be no doubt that it belongs lo that
subfamily. The mode of packing the legs and the structure of the hind femora are
those characteristic of, if not absolutely peculiar to, the Limnichini. The pro-
sternum is large, somewhat pendant in the middle in front, and its broad process
fits very accurately into the mesosternal cavity. The middle cox® are widely se-
parated. The first ventral segment is rather short, so that the trochanters are but
little distant from its hind margin. The hind coxae are flattened and dilated in
front, so that the portion received into the coxal groove is very different in plane,
in sculpture, as well as in clothing, from the part that remains exposed when the
limb is contracted.

Caccothrtptus compactus, n. sp.
Ovalis, sat eonvexus, niger, via- subanescens, pube Jlavo-grisescente macu-
latim vestitus ; elylris fortitev irregulariter punctatis ; antennis pedihusque
fuscis, sub/la veseentibus, tarsis rufis. Long., 4g mm.

Antennae slender, rather long, very loosely articulated and fragile, second joint
long and slender, slightly longer than the third, terminal joint just perceptibly
broader than the preceding one. Head densely and finely punctured, setose. Thorax
strongly transverse, continuous in outline with the elytra, closely and finely but
somewhat irregularly punctured, pubescent. Elytra with very numerous large and
deep punctures, not arranged in regular series, though an imperfect seriation exists ;
rather densely pubescent, the pubescence arranged and coloured so as to give rise to
a faint spotted appearance.

Rob. : S. E. Borneo, Martapura (Doherty).

This is the largest and most remarkable of the Limnichini.

Ctphonichus orientalis, n. sp.

Ovalis, eonvexus, nigerrhnus,pube erecta fusco-griseseente vestitus, par ee
punctatus, nitidus, pedibus rufis; antennis fusco-rufis . Long., 3 mm.

Antennae very slender and fragile, each joint longer than broad ; the terminal
joint a little longer than the preceding one. Thorax much narrowed in front, bi-
sinuate at the base on each side in adaptation to the form of the elytra, finely,
rather sparingly punctate, shining, although rather densely pubescent. Elytra
shining, sparingly punctate, the punctures very fine, but on the basal part with
larger punctures subseriately arranged. The pubescence is rather abundant, sub-
erect, dark in colour though not black, and not at all maculate.

Q4s [March,

Hab. : 8. E. Borneo, Martapura (Doherty).

This species is so extremely like the Central American C. vestitus
that the two might readily pass for one and the same. C. orientalis is,
however, more convex and shining, the punctuation is more definite
and easily appreciated, and the sinuatiou of the base of the thorax
is deeper.

Cambridge : February, 1902.

NOTES ON SOME COLEOPTERA OF THE BRENT VALLEY, 190L

BY W. E. SHARP.

The season which has just closed lias been the reverse of a favourable one for
the (Joleopterist A year witliout a spring, and in which winter carried well into
April, was succeeded by a hot and exceptionally dry summer, concluded by a cold
short autumn, has presented a succession of conditions singularly adverse to the
abundant distribution and increase of beetle life. Still, to the working Coleopterist,
no season or locality is quite unproductive, and during last April I was able to take
for the first time a number of species of llydradephaga and Palpicornia from some
ponds close to the course of the river Brent. As Prof. T. Hudson Beare^ in a
recent number of this Magazine (Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxxvii, p. 280), has noted most
of these, it will be unnecessary here to recapitulate them. To his list, however,
should be added as denizens of these waters, Anaccena bipuslulata, Berosus luridus,
and B. signaticoUis. These ponds, in which such species as Copelatus agilis,
Hydroporus granularis, and all the common Pkilhydri, were unusually abundant in
May, had become completely dry by the end of June, and remained absolutely
waterless till quite the end of October. I shall note with some curiosity what
effect a drought so prolonged will have on the beetle population in the ensuing
spring.

Near the Brent river are many orchards and market gardens ; here heaps of
vegetable refuse accumulate towards the close of summer. These heaps during
autumn and on mild winter days swarm with the commoner, and maintain a
scattered population of some of the less frequent, Coleoptera. From such heaps
I took last year Celia silphoides, Medon melanocephalus, Stilicus fragilis, Copro-
philus striatulus, Hapalaraa pygmaa, lleterothops dissimilis, Philonthus quit-
quiliarius, Ulster 12-striatus, and Carpophilus hemipterus, the last an unexpected
resident in such a nidus. Anthicus antherinus was abundant in the late autumn,
while Tachinus subterraneus, Negarthrus depressus, and hosts of common Staphy-
linidce, were in immense abundance under the bark of elder near the ground. In
this orchard in November Prognatha quadricornis was common.

A little marsh of an acre or two in extent close to the river has provided me
with a few species worth noting. At grass-roots in the winter, Pterostichus minor
was abundant, and tStenolophus vespertinus, rare j here I also took Bryaxis im-
pressa, Calodera alhiops, Stenus melanopus, Evcesthelus laviusculus, and 3Jyllcena
intermedia (?), and in June swept Corymbites tessellatus from the reeds, and
Strophosomus faber, Telephones thoracicus, and on one occasion Atomaria linearis
in immense multitudes, from the surrounding herbage.

1902.] 65

Near this marsh is a row of pollard willows, many partially or wholly rotten.
In one of these I was fortunate in faking, in June, three specimens of Opi/o mollis,
as well as Dorcatoma chrysomelina ; Melanotus rujipes and Leiopus nebulosus
also occurred here during the summer. From a decayed oak post hard by I was
very pleased to extract the rare Lyctus brunneus.

In this district, but nearer Southall. are many deserted brickfields. Here, on
heaps of loose rubbish, grows the yellow melilot (Melilotus officinalis), and the
ground is carpeted with Matricaria inodora. From the former I swept Tyckius
meliloti in abundance, and at its roots found the variable Sitones meliloti not
rarely, but searched in vain for the Apion attached to that plant, while, from the
Matricaria, Pseudostyphlus pilumnus was to be swept without difficulty.

A few years ago the Brent river for some miles of its course must have been a
pretty enough stream " with many a silvery water break above the golden gravel,"
but it had an ugly trick of sudden flood after winter rains, and since the drowning
of a wayfarer in one of these risings, its banks have been annually straightened, the
bed deepened, and the bars of sand and gravel all cleared away. Such operations
are of course much to the detriment of its riparian Coleoptera, and I can only note
a few of the common Bembidia as at all abundant there. I took, however, one
specimen of B. obliquum on a little patch of shingle, and on the mud more
commonly Tachyusa jlavitarsis, T. concolor, and Trogophlceus elongatulus.
Alliaria officinalis still grows abundantly on its banks, and from its flowers in
April were swept Ceuthorrhynchus alliaria, C. constrictus, C. rugulosus, and
C. melanostictus.

If you follow the upward course of the stream for a few miles you arrive at its
source, the artificial lake of Hendon. Here, in a little swampy meadow beneath the
great south wall of the reservoir, I'oophagus sisymbrii was common in June, and I
also took Ceuthorrhynchus cochlearice, Telephorus lateralis, and Litodactylus
leucogaster.

The banks of this lake are a well-known locality for several local Coleoptera,
but they are difficult to work when the water is low, as it was all last summer. On
the single occasion on which I visited them with my friend, Mr. E. C. Bcdwell, we
took only one specimen of Chlwnius nigricornis, but found Bembidium Jlavo-
maculatum, B. lampros, var. velox, B. bipunctatum, and Stenolophus vespertinus
fairly common, Heterocerus Icevigatus abundant, and took a few specimens each
of Philonthus atratus and Actobius procerulus.

" Ledsham," Hanwell, W. :
January, 1902.

Tachys paroulus, Dej., in the New Forest. — A specimen of this rarity was
taken last June by my friend Mr. H. Heasler on some sphagnum, on the edge of a
wet low-lying piece of land just beyond Emery Down, Lyndhurst. It occurred in
company with Cryptobium and other common bog insects. This is an interesting
capture, as the insect has hitherto only been taken on the coast in this country
(i. e., at Wallasey, Ent. Mo. Mag., xxii, 43, and at Fortscatho, Ent. Mo. Mag.,
xxxiii, 213). The species is, however, by no means confined to the coast on the

F

QQ [March,

continent, since Bedel says (Col. Bassin de la Seine, 151) that it is found on the
margins of ponds under refuse, and in the earth at the roots of heather, banks of
rivers, and in sandpits. — E. A. Newbeey, 12, Churchill Road, N.W.

Lasiosomus enervis, ZT.-6'., near Doddington, Kent. — Mr. Saunders has detected
this rare bug amongst some insects taken by me last summer near here. I regret
to say I did not know it at first sight (see Saunders' Hemiptera-Heteroptera, p. 92),
or possibly I might have taken more, and I cannot say exactly when or how I came
across it. — Arthuk J. Chitty, Huntingfield, Faversham Kent : Dec. '60th, 1901.

Pentatoma fuscispina on the North, Essex Coast. — On August 19th last 1 was
fortunate enough to capture a specimen of this rare species on the North Essex
Coast. Mr. Saunders, in his "British Hemiptera-Heteroptera," says that only six
British examples are known to him, all of which were taken in Devonshire. —
Bernard S. Harwood, 94, Station Road, Colchester : February, 19U2.

Nomada armata at Colchester. — In June, 1901, I captured five or six examples
of the rare Nomada armata near Colchester, together with both sexes of Andrena
Hattorjiana. One $ of the latter was a fine specimen of the red banded variety.
N. armata had not previously been taken in Essex, and the red form of A. Hattor-
jiana had not been seen since 1887. — Id.

Papilio Machaon at Chippenham Fen. — Mr. Dale, in his " Historical Notes on
Papilio Machaon " (pp. 37 and 38 ante) says, " it is still common in Wicken Fen,
Cambridgeshire, but not in Chippenham Fen, only a few miles away." Although I
have never seen the perfect insect in Chippenham Fen it must occur there, as the
larvas have been taken feeding on Angelica sylvestris. The milk parsley (Peuceda-
num palustre), the ordinary food plant of Machaon in Wicken Fen and in the
Norfolk Fens, does not occur at Chippenham. — H. Goss, Surbiton : February, 1902.

Abundance of Dasypolia templi near Halifax. — When I first began to take an
interest in Entomology forty years ago this insect was apparently scarce, and very
difficult to obtain in any condition, and a perfect specimen was a great rarity. At
that time its food plant was unknown, and its only known haunt was at the bottom
of stone heaps on the sides of the high roads, which were placed there pending the
repair of the road. Mr. Porritt, in his List of Yorkshire Lepidoptera, writes,
" Our County has always been considered head-quarters for this moth, and by far
the majority of cabinets in the country have been supplied with specimens from the
South-West Riding, in some parts of which it is very common." A man who was
a good and ardent entomologist, James Varley, and who lived at Almondbury Bank,
near Huddersfield, spent much time in the winter months in turning over stone heaps,
and was often successful in getting the imago during its hibernation. Some years
ago the Halifax Town Council extended the radius of their Borough boundary, and
consequently the lighting of their roads, and I soon found that these lights had at-
tractions for the insect, and I could take a dozen or so during the months of Octo-

1902.] G7

bor and November, but it was only by walking a long distance in very cold weather.
About six years ago, however, I happened to walk that way during the daylight,
and I naturally looked about as I went, and found one on a lamp post, and more on
the ground near to it, and I was not long in coming to the conclusion that it waa
not necessary to travel the road at night to get specimens, and that there were more
of them and much easier to take in broad daylight. During the last two months I
have taken upwards of 50 specimens in this way. On two occasions I have come
across such numbers about one lamp (10 to 12) as to lead me to think they had been
" assembling." Can it be that occasionally odd ones hibernate before pairing ? —
Edward Halliday, Akroydon, Halifax, Yorks: December 12th, 1901.

Larvee of Sphinx conrolvuli in Northumberland. — Will you allow me to
chronicle what I believe to be an absolutely unprecedented occurrence. Mr. John
Proudlock, a young collector, though not a very young man, residing near Morpeth,
Northumberland, had some strange larvre sent him from a place called Boiling Well,
near Seaton Sluice, in the same county. Much interested in them for their size and
beauty, he went down himself to search for more. They had been taken on a
garden hedge, and he soon found there were plenty of them. Counting two or
three that had been crushed by the servant girl, as " nasty crawly things," the total
capture was between 50 and 60. A specimen, and a spray of the food plant (which
proved to be Convolvulus sepium) were sent to me for identification. The larva
sent me was unfortunately crushed in the post, but was easily identified. All the
others fed well and all went to earth, but unfortunately did not produce the perfect
insects. At my request he has dug up the pupae. All are dead, and some decayed
and broken up, but sufficient remains were found, including one complete pupa, and
the loop-like trunk-case of another, to render certain the identification. Each had
formed a large smooth cavity in the earth, some seven inches deep, others deepor,
to one foot. — JonN E. Eobson, Hartlepool : January, 1002.

Note on the egg laying of Nonagria sparganii. — Though quite young larva?
of this species were long ago described and figured by the late William Buckler,
nothing, T believe, was then known of the eggs, or where they were laid. It may,
therefore be worth while to record that a batch of eggs came under my observation
in September, 1899. These were laid — much as those of N. typhee are — all glued
down firmly (in single file), in a groove formed by the involute edge of a leaf blade
of Iris pseud-acoru.i. The cement was visible, shining like gum arabic, and so stuck
down the margin, that as it withered and turned brown, the eggs were almost con-
cealed. They were very small for the size of the moth — of a spherical shape, with
much flattened poles, and even a slight hollow at the top, very finely striated, the
colour being of a very light brown, thus assimilating wonderfully to the brown leaf
during the winter. They did not hatch till the 11th and 12th of May, 1900, when
the young larva? very soon commenced mining the leaves of the Iris, which had
been provided for them. From their manner of feeding, but little could be seen of
them. Some, however, reached the stage of the smallest figured by Mr. Buckler,
and two or three others became nearly full-grown larva?. Probably it will not sur-

P 2

68 [March,

prise those who have experienced the difficulty of dealing with the larvse of N.
sparganii, that none of them reached maturity.— William R. Jeffrey, Ashford :
February 12th, 1902.

Habits of Lipoptena cervi. — This parasitic Dipteron, attached to deer, was
taken here two years ago by W. H. Somerset, flying in plenty, and sometimes set-
tling on human beings, on a calm sunny day towards the end of November, on the
outskirts of Savernake Forest, which is stocked witli both red and fallow deer, but
no deer were very near at the time. The lateness of the season and probably ex-
ceptional abundance of the insect seem worthy of record. — E. Meyrick, Elmswood,
Marlborough : January 16th, 1902.

The efficacy of glacial carbolic acid as a preventive of mildew — a severe test.
— On opening the current number of the Magazine, I was much shocked at seeing
the announcement of the death of my correspondent, Mr. Lionel de Nieeville. Ii
seems but " the other day " that I received a particularly kind and interesting letter
from him. Seven years ago he wrote to me in great distress as to his collection of
Rhopalocera, in the Indian Museum, Calcutta, which were being ruined by mildew,
and asking if I could suggest a remedy for the evil. Amongst other measures, I
advised him to try carbolic acid, either in the manner suggested by Dr. Sharp, viz. :
" Calvert No. 2." on sponge ; or wool saturated in the glacial acid (melted by heat),
and wound round the head of a large pin, until a ball the size of a marble was
formed. I do not know who originally suggested this method, but it was the one
adopted by Mr. de Nice'ville, who thus wrote about it last summer. " For the three
last rainy seasons (15th June to 15th September) I have used the glacial carbolic
acid on wool, pinned into the bottom corners of my three hundred boxes, and found
that no fresh mould has shown itself, I have applied it only once a year, at the
beginning of the rains. Perhaps once again, in the middle, would be a greater
security, but in this hot country, and on such work one cannot use a punkah, and
as the perspiration literally runs off one's nose and chin into the boxes, the labour
and discomfort is so abominable that I have only gone through my boxes once. It
has been quite successful."

If this treatment is so effective under the trying conditions of an Indian mon-
soon it surely ought to suffice to protect our collections in the dampest situations in
this country. It may not be so destructive to micro-organisms as Formol, but it
has one great advantage over the latter, namely, that green tints are unaffected by
it. — H. Q. Knagqs, Folkestone: February \?dh. 1902.

A List of British Diptera, 2nd Edition : by G-. H. Verrall, ex-President
of the Entomological Society of London. Pp. 47, small 4to. Published by the
Author, Sussex Lodge, Newmarket. 1901.

The author is to be congratulated in being able to say that the first edition of
this List, published in 1888, is exhausted, and also that a new edition is necessary,
because since then about 300 species have been added, and moreover there have
been some 500 changes in synonymy, &c. He deplores the fact that no young

1902.] 69

worker will take up the Cecidomyidte, but states that the Mycetophilid(F are much
improved, though still in a most unfinished condition : the S(ratio)»j/ida> to Cyrtidce
are included in the proposed second vol. of " British Flies," and the Chironomida
he hopes will form the third. In 1888 only 13 British Fleas were known ; now
(due principally to the Hon. N. Rothschild) there are thirty. This new List
does not entirely supersede the old one, inasmuch as Pfc. iii (Reputed British species)
must still be consulted, Ft. iii of the new List being only a supplement to that of
the old one. In get-up the two Lists are practically precisely similar, the only
difference being the use of a blacker type for the families in the new List ; the small
4to form (objectionable to some of us) is still retained. We echo the words with
which the author concludes his preface. " Let this List quickly give place to
another."— R. McL.

Insects injurious to Staple Crops : by E. Dwight Sanderson, B.S.Agr.,
Entomologist to the Delaware Agricultural Experimental Station. Pp. 5 and 295
8vo. New York : John Wiley and Sons; London : Chapman and Hall. 1902.

This is a very useful, very cheap, and profusely illustrated book on Economic
Entomology, in part a reprint of letters to agricultural journals, &c. A few of the
illustrations are original, but the majority are time-honoured reproductions from
the pencils of others, Riley and Howard standing out prominently. That they
are hard to beat is acknowledged by the fact of their frequent reproduction. The
first four chapters are occupied by generalities; then follow grains and grasses,
wheat, Indian corn, weevils in grain, clover, cotton, tobacco, potato, sugar-beet,
hop-plant, concluding with a very useful summary of insecticides. We recommend
this work as a useful addition to the already large library of books on Economic
Entomology.

Die Phoriden : by Tn. Becker. (Abh. k. k. zool.-bot. G-es. Wien, i, pp. I —
100, pis. I— V). 1901.

This work, which forms a Monograph of the European species of Phoridce, is
undoubtedly one of considerable merit. Its value is enhanced by the fact that the
author has been able to examine and compare the type species in the collections
of Meigen, Winthem, v. Roser, Strobl, Zetterstedt, Schiner and Egger ; on pages
69 — 75 he gives a list of these type specimens with notes.

The author divides the genus Phora into two groups, and gives most useful
tables for the determination of the species. He considers that there are 74 Euro-
pean species in the Family, 23 of which he describes as new or re-names.

The first three plates mainly represent the differences in venation ; but in the
last two E. W Rubsaamen is responsible for some excellent drawings of the geni-
talia, including those of what would appear to represent a fourth species of
Trineura, but as no other characters could be found to separate it from T. aterrima
the author wisely refrains from giving it a name.

In the list of species at the end I fail to find P. Carpentieri, Gob. (1877), and
P. posticata, Strobl (1898), or P. sanguitiea, Lw., 1870 (Turkestan), and P. setigera,
«Lw., 1874 (Sarepta) ; while among the foreign Phoridre I miss the names of P.
albidihalteris, Felt, agarici, Lintn. (1895), camariana, Coquerel (1848), Cleg-
horni, Big. (1890), navigans, Frauenf. (1867), omnivora, Huds. (1892), and Hiero-
nymus pygmceus, Weyenb. (1886).

70 [March,

The author is to be congratulated upon the production of a most useful mono-
graph, which marks a distinct advance in our knowledge of what was hitherto a
somewhat neglected Family of the Diptera.—J. E. Collin.

Birmingham Entomological Society: January 20th, 1902. — Mr. If.
Willoughby Ellis, Vice-President, in the Chair.

Mr. R. C. Bradley exhibited a scries of Hyetodesia vagans. Fall., a species
which is not included in Mr. G. II. Vcrrall's recent list of British Diptera, but
which is common and well known in Sutton Park ; also a specimen of Sphex plani-
pennis taken by Mr. J. T. Fountain in Jersey last year: it is a large and handsome
fossor, which is unknown in Britain. Mr. C. J. Wainwright, Rhyssa persuasoria,
L., one of our largest, handsomest, and rarest Ichneumonidce taken by Mr. J. T.
Fountain in Derbyshire last year ; also a fine series of the Syrphid Tropidia sat a,
Harris (milesiforniis, Fall.), taken near Paignton, S. Devon, in a damp meadow by
the sea ; it is a species which is common in the fens, but was not known before from
the West of England, it is, however, in abundance at this one spot. Mr. H. Wil-
loughby Ellis, the following Coleoptera : — Nebria GylJenhali from Matlock ;
Pterustichus olJongo-punctatus from Buxton, and Llosoma ovatuhim, var. eollaris,
from Knowle. The last named was a form which he said some Coleopterists
believed to be only an immaturity, but he had taken it at all times of the year, and
many specimens were undoubtedly mature. Mr. Aug. D. Imms, two extreme forms
of Satyrus Semele, L., from Wales : one, a very dark and strongly marked indi-
vidual, was taken on the slate near Barmouth ; the other, a light bleached-looking
but apparently perfect specimen, was taken on limestone near Llandudno. Mr. Imms
read a paper upon " The Structure and Distribution of the Collembola," in which
he gave a thorough account of the external and internal anatomy, with some account
of the embryology ; it was well illustrated with blackboard drawings, and with
microscope preparations. — Colbran J. Wainwright, Hon. Sec.

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society : The Annual
Meeting was held at the Royal Institution, Liverpool, on January 13th, 1902.
Mr. R. Wilding, Vice-President, in the Chair.

Mr. Fredk. Birch, Joint Secretary, in presenting the Council's Report, gave a
short resume of the work of the past session. The Treasurer then read his state-
ment, which showed an increased and satisfactory balance to be carried forward.
On the motion of Mr. Oulton Harrison, it was resolved that the Report of the
Council and Treasurer's Balance Sheet be printed and circulated.

The following Officers were then elected to serve during 1902: — President, Mr.
S. J. Capper, F.L.S., F.E.S. ; Vice-Presidents, Rev. R. Freeman, M.A., and Dr. H.
Dobie ; Secretaries, Messrs. Frederick Birch, and E. J. B. Sopp, F.R.Met. Soc.,
F.E.S. ; Treasurer, Dr. J. Cotton, F.E.S. ; Librarian, Mr. F. C. Thompson ; Council,
Messrs. R. Wilding, F. N. Pierce, F.E.S., A. Tippins, H. Tonkin, and W. A. Tyremau.

In the absence of the President, the retiring Vice-President, Mr. R. Wilding,
delivered a most interesting Address, reviewing in an exhaustive manner the general

1002.] 71

entomological work of the first year of the century, with special reference to many
matters of local importance. The Kev. K. Freeman proposed, and Mr. F. N. Fierce
seconded, a vote of thanks to Mr. Wilding, both for his able address and for his
valuable services in the chair during the past year, which was heartily accorded, and
in response to the unanimously expressed wish of the members present it was
resolved that the address be printed and bound in the Annual Report. On the
motion of Mr. Sopp, a cordial vote of thanks was also tendered to Mr. Fredk.
Birch for his indefatigable labours as Secretary during the past three Sessions.

The following exhibits were made during the evening:— Cwlioxys mandibular is,
a Hymenopteron new to the British list captured at Wallasey by Mr. Fredk. Birch,
who also exhibited on behalf of the Kev. T. B. Fddrup various species of Lepido-
ptera sent for distribution among students of the group ; Vanessa c-album taken in
the Liverpool district by Mr. G. A. Dunlap ; and Corydia Petiveriana, an attract-
ively decorated cockroach from Madras by Mr. Sopp.

Monthly Meeting, February 10th, 1902. — Mr. R. Wilding in the Chair.

Letters were read from Messrs. B. H. Crabtree and H. Massey with reference
to their arrangements in connection with the Society's forthcoming visit to Man-
chester. A valuable paper was then read by Mr. Willoughby Gardner, F.L.S.,
F.R.G.S., F.E.S., on the Life Habits of the Hymenoptera-Aculeata, dealing in a
full and complete manner with all that is at present known of the life history of
these most useful hexapods. After describing the characteric features of the Order
as a whole, he exhaustively reviewed the various families constituting the section
Aculeata, the females of which are armed with a retractile sting. Dealing first
with the Heterogyna, or social ants, he gave many facts of interest connected with
the instinct and economy of these remarkable insects, and mentioned that most of
our indigenous species belonged to the family Formicida, or mining ants. He also
described the methods pursued by the Fossores in the capture and preservation of
their prey. Of the Diploptera, or true wasps, two families are native to Britain,
their value on account of their wholesale destruction of Lepidopterous and other
injurious larva? being fully discussed. After enumerating the Coleopterous and
other inmates of the nests of lespa vulgaris and /'. germanica, the lecturer passed
to a consideration of the Anthopkila, or bees, alluding to the great part played in
nature by these pollen loving insects in the fertilization of clover and other plants.
Having referred to Colletes cunicularia, our " Wallasey Bee," and Cvelioxys man-
dibularis, a recent local addition to the British list, the concluding portion of the
address was devoted to the life history of Apis mellifica, the common honey bee, in
which many interesting, historical, economic, and other matters were ably dealt
with. At the close of his paper Mr. Gardner presented his recent monograph on
the Hymenoptera-Aculeata of Lancashire and Cheshire to the Library of the
Society. A hearty vote of thanks was tendered Mr. Gardner for his interesting
paper, and also for his welcome gift ; after which the following exhibits were made : —
Bembidium saxatile from Garston, by Mr. F. Birch ; Bembidium stomoides from the
River Hodder, by Mr. C. E. Stott ; Tropiphorus tomentosus (Heswall), Berosus
ajffinis (Moreton), Heptaulacus villosus and jEgialia rufa (Wallasey), Carcinops 14-
striata, &c, by Mr. R. Wilding ; and a pair of the earwig, Pyragra brasiliensis
from Espirito Santo, by Mr. E. J. B. Sopp. Mr. G. O. Day, some rare Dutch

72 [March, 1902.

books by Sepp, the life-like coloured figures in which were greatly admired. Mr.
Oultou Harrison, some excellent life-size photos of Lepidopterous larva- taken direct
from nature.— E. J. Burgess Sopp, Hon. Secretary.

The South London Entomological and Natural History Society :
Jan.. 0th, 1902.— Mr. W. J. Lucas, B.A., F.E.S., Vice-President, in the Chair.

Mr. Tonge, Redhill, Surrey, was elected a Member.

Mr. Hewitt exhibited a specimen of the rare Homopteron, Cicadetta montana,
taken flying in Stubby Copse, New Forest, on July 7th. Mr. R. Adkin, five speci-
mens of Melanippe galiata, which emerged on December 8th last, in a cage out-
doors, and protected only from rain and direct sunshine ; the ova were laid towards
the end of August. Mr. Mac Arthur, specimens of Triphrena comes, bred on Dec-
ember 26th and 27th from ova laid in July bj an Isle of Lewis female. Mr. Lucas,
slides of particular natural objects in the S.W. district, including the corner of the
Black Pond, frequented by the lesser dragon-flies. Mr. Main, slides made by him-
self of the larva; of Samia Cecropia, and of Amphidasys betularia ; of the imago of
Pieris napi drying its wings after emergence from the adjoining chrysalis case ; and
of a batch of ova of Macrothylacia rubi on a sprig of heather. — Hy. J. Turner,
lion. Sec.

Entomological Society of London : Sixty-Ninth Annual Meeting,
Wednesday, January 15th, 1902.— The Rev. Canon W. W. Fowler, M.A., F.L.S.,
President, in the Chair.

After an abstract of the Treasurer's Accounts, showing a large balance in the
Society's favour, had been read by Colonel Yerbury, R.A., one of the Auditors,
Mr. H. Gross, one of the Secretaries, read the Report of the Council. It was then
announced that the following had been elected Officers and Council for the Session
1902—1903. President, The Rev. Canon Fowler, M.A., F.L.S. ; Treasurer, Mr.
Robert MeLachlan, F.R.S. ; Secretaries, Mr. Herbert Goss, F.L.S. , and Mr. Henry
Rowland-Brown, M.A. ; Librarian, Mr. George C. Champion, F.Z.S. ; and as other
members of Council, Mr. R. Adkin, Professor T. Hudson Beare, F.R.S.E., Mr.
Arthur J. Chitty, M.A., Mr. W. L. Distant, Mr. F. DuCane Godman, D.C.L., F.R.S.,
the Rev. Francis D. Morice, M.A., Professor E. B. Poulton, D.Sc, F.R.S. , Mr.
Edward Saunders, F.L.S., Dr. David Sharp, M.A., F.R.S., and Colonel C. Swinhoe,
M.A., F.L.S. The President announced that he should appoint Dr. F. DuCane
Godman, F.R.S., Professor E. B. Poulton, F.R.S., and Dr. D. Sharp, F.R.S., as
Vice-Presidents for the Session 1902—1903. The President referred to the losses
the Society had sustained during the past Session by the deaths of Mr. C. E. Collins,
The Rev. Professor W. P. Dickson, D.D., Dr. H. W. Livett, M.D., Mr. Lionel de
Niceville, F.L.S., Miss Eleanor Ormerod, LL.D., and Mr. II. Vivian, M.A. He then
delivered an Addi'ess in which he dealt chiefly with the question of Protective
Resemblance and Mimicry in the case of the Coleoptera. At the conclusion of the
Address, a vote of thanks to the President was proposed by Professor Poulton,
seconded by Professor Meldola, and carried. A vote of thanks to the other officers
was then proposed by Colonel Swinhoe, seconded by Mr. Distant, and carried.
Canon Fowler, Mr. Goss, and Mr. Rowland-Brown replied, and the Proceedings
terminated. — H. Goss and H. Rowland-Brown, Hon. Secretaries.

April, 1002.1 73

COLEOPTERA AND ACULEATE HYMENOPTERA IN EAST KENT

IN 1901.

RY ARTHUR J. OIITTTY, M.A., F.E.S.

Insects have been by no means abundant during the past spring
and summer in the part of East Kent about five miles inland from
Faversham and Sittingbourne, and elsewhere around Eaversham, in
which T have been able to collect ; but as I have always found to be
the case, a few good things not previously noticed in the locality have
turned up singly. It is difficult to account for these solitary speci-
mens. I have at times thought that the ground where I mostly
collect (which I may say is very confined) must be an outlying portion
of some district where interesting species abound, but inasmuch as
the further afield I go the less I get, I think on the whole that these
insects must come from a considerable distance, being carried by winds
or otherwise on to the high ground, which runs roughly from Maid-
stone to Ashford, and being then unable, owing to too great dryness,
to maintain a footing. I had hoped that a wet March like that we
had during 1901 would be suitable to Coleoptera, but low temperature
prevented this, and the subsequent prolonged drought was very un-
favourable, except to beetle pests like Phyllotreta, which of late years
have been very troublesome alike to farmers and gardeners, and have
this year prevented there being any turnips at all in the county until
towards the end of September.

I made several spring visits to the Blean Woods for ants' nest
beetles, and on one of these I had the good fortune to be accompanied
by Mr. Donisthorpe, who has done so much good work in this con-
nection ; but I discovered no beetles beyond those already recorded
by Mr. J. J. Walker in this Magazine (vol. ix, 2nd series, p. 208), and
I was distinctly disappointed in finding neither of the Histerids
mentioned by him. Dinarda also was rare, and only secured singly,
requiring a great deal of searching. I found it somewhat away from
that part of the nest where the ants were thickest. Myrmedonia
humeralis, Gr., was abundant on one occasion only.

My visit on May llth produced a female of the rare ant, Formi-
coocenus nitidulus, Nyl. ; it was taken in a part of a nest of Formica
rufa, consisting of old stuff and almost devoid of ants. I have been
closely looking out for the insect for some time, and it must I think
be rare, but the nests of F. rufa in the Blean Woods are so large and
so numerous that it may be overlooked. Except for ants and for
those species which either live at peace with them (if there are any

G

74 [April,

such), or arc protected against their attacks, hardly an insect was to
be found in the woods, and I particularly noticed the complete absence
of the early spring bees, tbe sallows being absolutely deserted on all
occasions.

Amongst the ants and ants' nest beetles Mr. Donisthorpe and
myself on one occasion were most successful in finding Homceusa
acuminata, Mart. I took two specimens of this beetle in the spring
of 1894, near Dodington, in cart ruts full of water. Tbis spring, on
May 12th, another example turned up in tbe same cart ruts, and
search on a bank close by in nests of Lasins niqer and formica fusca,
in which I have searched in vain at intervals since 1S94, produced six
more individuals curled up in tbe nests. Tbe beetles were lying under
stones which covered part of tbe nests, and I think had we been but
little later we should have found they bad flown away. Later in the
day, when we returned to the spot, the bank was dried up, and beetles
and ants had disappeared, and I have seen no signs of ants' nest
beetles there since. Mr. Donisthorpe also captured one specimen of
Ponera contracta, Latr., of which T bad previously an unnoticed ex-
ample from Dodington, and one of Myrmecina Latreillei, Curt., a species
I bad taken there before, and I have since found Tetramorium ccespitum,
Linn., at no distance from the same place. Clav/ger foveolatus, Mull.,
occurred in some numbers in a F.flava nest, as well as on another
bank half a mile off, near Wychling, the last mentioned locality also
producing Atemelcs evnarginatus, Pk., in a nest of Myrmica rufa.
These two banks are the only localities in the district which I know
for beetles living in the nests of the ground ants.

Passing from ants to beetles. Ccenocara bovista*, Hoff., last seen
in 1894, has again turned up, one specimen having been swept by me
near Greet on May 28th, and on the evening of June 9th I captured
a dozen more in a hayfield close by Huntingfield ; they were confined
to a very few yards. What I believe to be Mordella aculeata, L., was
found on the same day sitting on the white cloth of the luncheon table,
probably brought in with guelder-rose flowers. The allied species, Jf.
fasciata, F., occurred commonly in August, 1900, on Umbellifers, about
a bop field (does the larvae feed on the poles?), and this year was noticed
from early in June to the beginning of September. Cryptocephalus
6-punotatus, L. (one on Juno 1st, close to a nest of F. rufa), C.
aureolus, Suff. (one on June 9th), and C. bilineatus, L. (one on July
21st, on a bank), were taken, and are the only specimens of these in-
sects ever found by me here. A single specimen of Homalo/a elegantula,
Bris., was swept on May 18th out of grass, at the point where a path

1902. 75

through a wood joins the road, and a male of Homalota scapularisfi&hlb.,
occurred at the end of May in a grass field close by, along with a pair
of the red variety of Amphicyllis c/Jobus, F. (var. ferrugineus, Sturm).
SracTiytarsusfasciatus, "Forst., one specimen beaten out of an Urn-
hellifer beneath an elm, this species being new to me. Phytcecia
cylindrica, L., occurred in some numbers in long grass by the corner
of a copse, and one subsequently by the road side, but I refrained
from really searching for this scarce Longicorn. Hedobia impcrialis,
L., four specimens beaten or swept singly at some distance from one
another, is also new to me here. T failed this year to take either
Clytits mysticus, L., of which one specimen occurred last year, or
CaUidium alni, L., of which I then took several. Bruclnm cisti, F.,
and Rhynchites conicus, Illig., occurred in 1900, but were not to be
found in 190].

Other beetles to be mentioned are —the variety of Bruchus ato-
marius with black legs ; Malachius rnarginellus, 01., two specimens in
July, which I think must have been blown or driven by the drought
from the Whitstable district, from which it has previously been re-
corded ; Conopalpus testaceus, 01., one swept in July in a field which
had been allowed to go out of cultivation ; Sister bimaculatus, L.,
near Eastling Mill, in May ; Silpha littoralis,~L. ; Tropiphorus carinatus,
llorbst ; Mordellistena hrwinea,T?.,&\\ taken singly in July ; M. abdo-
minalis, F., common in 1900, occurred sparingly ; Metoecus paradoxus,
L., one on the windowsill inside my bedroom on September 1st ; Liei-
nus depressns, Payk., one running on a path on May 12th. I took a
specimen of L. silphoides,\r\ October, 7iear Chatham. Quedius brevis,
Er., in the Blean Woods, in ants' nests, always in logs of wood in the
nests, September 7th, common. Dytiscus circiimflexus, F. (12), and
Hi/drophilus picrus, L. (one <^), September 8th, in a pond in Sheppey,
just across Elmley Ferry. In the autumn fungus on decayed ash
produced Miicctopliagus piceun, F. HypopTiloeus bicoJor, 01., occurred
under bark of dead ash, having evidently bred on fungus growing
there.

In Sharsted Wood Gis micans, Herbst, turned up in fungus on a
fallen birch ; Homalota marcida, Er., occurred in all the localities in
which I searched, including Oobham Park ; and Triphyllus puncfatus,
F., was widely distributed, but scarce.

Passing to Hymcnoptera, bees were scarce here in 1901, but my
list of Antliopltila for this district now includes above 100 species.
Among the wasps, Calici/rqus hyalinatus, F., and Odt/nerus trimargi-
natus, Zett., three specimens on August 26th, on wild mignonette, and

G 2

76 [April,

O. melanocephalus, Gmel., may be mentioned. The year 1900 was
particularly good for the Antliophila, and the following I think have
not been recorded by me before. Prosopis cornuta, Sm , dilatata,
Kirby, hyalinata, Sm., confusa, Nyl., and brevicornis, Nyl., SpJiecodes
rubicundus, V. Hag., pilifrons. Thorns., puncticeps. Thorns., Halictus
pauxillus, Schk., Andrena anqustior, Kirby, fucata, Sm., coitana,
Kirby, fulvago, Chr. , labial is, Kirby, niveata, Friese, and pi'oxima, Kirby,
Megachile Wilhu/libiella, Kirby, and versicolor, Sm., Chelostoma flori-
somne, L., Osmia fuhniientris, Panz., leucomelana, Kirby, Bombus Latrei-
llellns, Kirby, Nomada fucata, Panz., Ccelioxys rufescens, Lep., and
acuminata, Nyl. Mr. Norton has taken Andrena ferox, Smith, ? , at
Wyehling, this is practically the same locality whence a £ was
recorded by me in 189G. T have looked in vain ever since for the ? .
It seems to me to occur at a time when the bees get their honey from
trees, such as sycamore and chestnut, and accordingly to be very
difficult to take. I believe, however, that hawthorn is the recorded
food.

In concluding I may mention that I had three very successful
Saturdays in August at St. Margaret's Bay, and then, thanks to Mr.
F. W. Sladen, captured the three British Cilissce and several other
specialities. Apion limonii, Kirby, occurred at the roots of its food
plant beneath the cliff, and insects generally were more abundant
than here.

Huntingfield, Faversham, Kent :
January 12th, 1902.

HISTORICAL NOTES ON LYC.FNA ACIS IN BRITAIN.
BY C. W. DALE, F.E.S.

This is the rarest and most valuable of our native butterflies,
next to Chrysophanus dispar. Like it, it is an extinct British species,
as none have been taken in our island for over twenty years, and
genuine British specimens are now few and far between.

The first account we have of its occurrence is in Ray's Historia
Insectorum, 1710, as follows: — " Ala> supina? ad exortuin cceleru-
lescunt ; inferius e fusco albicant. Ocelli sex septemve in singulis
alis. A. D. Dale, capta nobisque ostensa est."

Both Lewiu, in 1795, and Haworth, in 1803, record it as being a
very rare British species. But in 1833 the Rev. W. T. Bree wrote,
" Acts was at one time considered to be an insect of very great
rarity. In 1803 Haworth spoke of it as the rarest, perhaps, of our

1002.] 77

British ' Blues.' Since that period the species has turned up in a
variety of situations. Though by no means common, it appears to
be widely distributed ; nor is it peculiar tu chalk districts, but seems
to delight in woody situations abounding in grass. Probably it may
be overlooked on the wing, and passed by for the common Blue."
(Loudon's Magazine). In 1862 Mr. E. Newman, in his preface to the
Zoologist for that year, wrote, " How shall we account for the disap-
pearance of Acis, which at Leominster in 1832 was certainly the most
common of all the Blues? I am not aware that a single specimen has
been seen in that locality for thirty years. Its food-plant cannot have
failed ; its pupa? cannot have been drowned, as water never rests on the
hill sides where the insect once abounded ; no fens have been drained ;
no common lands enclosed ; no alteration has taken place in the
temperature." In 1871 Mr. Hudd wrote in the Ent. Mo. Mag., vol.
viii, p. 113, "It is extremely local. The cause of its rarity in the
county is, 1 have no doubt, to be found in the fact that the ova and
young larva? are destroyed by the haymakers."

This certainly is not the reason why acis became extinct at
Glanvilles Wootton, as the grass in the meadows which it frequented
was cut and the hay carried in exactly the same fashion all through
my father's life. In 1864 Mr. Hudson, in the Zoologist, p. 8985,
states that, " the meadows at Epworth are of such large extent, and
the insect appearing just before the grass is ready for the mower, a
proper search for the larva is thus prevented."

The extinction is certainly not due to over collecting, and the
larva? and pupa? have never been seen in our country. The only
reason that occurs to me for it is that, for some unexplainable reason,
too great an abundance of their natural enemies, the Hymenopterous
parasites, took place, probably of the genus Apanteles.

Acis has occurred in the following counties : —

Yorkshire. — Taken by T. W. Watson (Haworth's Lep. Brit., 1803).

Lincolnshire. — In meadows near Epworth. I have always found it between
July 10th and 25th, S. Hudson, 1864 (Zoologist, vol. xxii, p. 8985).

Cambridgeshire. — One specimen by J. C. Dale at Gamlingay on July 16th,
1819. In plenty on the Gogniagog Hills by II. Denny in 1833. In Madingley
Wood, but not common, by J. F. Stephens (Ent. Mag., vol. i, p. 528). Cherry
Hinton, Lawston, and chalk pits near Cambridge, many years ago, F. Bond.
Formerly common in the county, but has not been taken for the last ten years, T.
Brown (Newman's Butterflies, 1871). Papworth Everard, a bad one, early in
August, 1857, and a very good one on June 20th, 1858, C. A. Beadan (Intelligencer,
vol. iv, p. 141).

Norfolk. — By J. Burrell (Haworth's Lep. Brit., 1808).

78

[April,

Essex.— In Young England for 1860 is a notice that one had been taken in
Epping Forest, but of tliis capture Mr. lluckett states that he lias very grave
doubts (Zoologist, vol. xxi, p. 8601).

Kent. — Cuxton, twenty-live years ago (1871), Tutt (Brit. Butterflies, p. 166).

Sussex. — Lewes, II. T. Stainton (Ent. Trans., 1858—61, vol. v, p. 231).

Surrey.— Windlesham Heath, Rev. Dr. Abbott, on July 16th, 1878.

Suffolk. — Foxhall Heath, one specimen, on June 24th, 1861. G-. Garrett
(Bloomfield's Lepidoptera of Suffolk).

HAMPSHIBE. — Brockenhurst, Mr. G. Samouelle. Near Ringwood, T. Vine, in
1830.

Dorsetshire.— Parley Copse, T. Vine, on May 28tb, 1833. Hazlebury Bryan
Lodcr. Powerstock, J. C. Dale, on June 27th, 1816. It was. common at Glan-
villes Wootton in 1808, onco recorded in 1811, one in 1812, common in 1813,
1814, 1815 (one being taken as late as August 1st), and 1816, scarce in 1817 and
1818, common in 1819, 1820, and 1821, scarce in 1822 and 1823, common in 1825
(twenty specimens on June 13th), scarce in 1828, 1829, 1830, and 1831, common in
1834 and 1835, one only seen in 1836, a few in 1837, none recorded in 1S38, scarce
in 1839 and 1840, in 1841 a pair on Juno 19th, which were the last ever seen in
Dorsetshire. I found them both on clialky places or on one hill called Dungeon,
and also amongst long grass in meadows, especially in a field called Millett's
Long Ground (J. 0. Dale's Ent. Journal).

Somersetshire. — Lewin, in his Insects of Great Britain, states, " that in the
last week of August, 1793, he took two or three flying in a pasture field at the
bottom of a hill near Bath, that they were much wasted, and appeared to have been
long on the wing.

Wiltshire. — Amesbury, Mr. Edwards, prior to 1840.

Warwickshire. — The Rev. W. T. Brec writes, in Loudon's Magazine, vol. vi,
p. 191 : " On June 28th, 1804, I took a single female in an open plantation by the
side of Coleshill Park. I have an example also of the same sex captured by a
village shoemaker in another part of Warwickshire, I believe in the vicinity of
Birmingham, and a collector at Coventry lias several which he took some years ago
in the neighbourhood of that city."

Leicestershire. — One near Hinckley, on July 15th, 1812, Rev. W. T. Bree
(Loudon's Magazine, vol. vi, p. 191).

Worcestershire. — One by a friend near Dudley, in 1802 (Loudon's Mag., vol.
vi, p. 191).

Gloucestershire. — Two at Lower Guiting, on the Cotswolds, by the Rev. J.
Greene, in the beginning of July, 1849 (Zoologist, vol. x, p. 3494) ; has been met
with at Stinchcombe and on the Breakheart Hills near Woofton-under-Edge, V. R.
Perkins (Newman's Butterflies, 1871).

Herefordshire.— " I took five specimens in one of my father's meadows,
called the ' Horse Leasow,' at Olden Barn, four miles from Leominster, on June
20th 1832 ; four of them were females, and only one a male. I have repeatedly
seen it since, and my nephew has taken two specimens, but many years ago " (E.
Newman, in his British Butterflies, 1871). In the preface to the Zoologist for 1862

i9o2.] 79

he says, " that at Leominster in 1832 acis was certainly the most common of all the
Blues ; and that he is not aware of a single specimen being seen in that locality
for thirty years.

Monmouthshire. — " I have taken one specimen at St. Julian's," G. Loch
(Newman's Butterflies).

Glamorganshire.— " In 1835, 1836, and 1837, 1 could take acis in plenty, but
have never taken it since," T. Parry, of Merthyr (Entomologists' Weekly Intelli-
gencer, 18E9, vol. vi, p. 28). Croegid, near Llantrissant, rare, Evan John. " I have
seen but not taken Glamorganshire specimens," J. T. Llewelyn (Newman's Butler-
flies). " Of this rare species, in June, 1871, 1 was fortunate in capturing six speci-
mens, four of which were in first-rate condition," A. E. Hudd (Ent. Mo. Mag., vol.
viii, p. 113). " On June 4th I had the pleasure of taking one male specimen of
Lycrena Acis at Penarth, near Cardiff. Last year I captured eight males and tw0
females, A. F. Langley, June 10th, 1875 (Entomologist, vol. viii, p. 161). From
Cardiff comes the welcome news that this scarce butterfly was taken in 1874, again
in 1875, and twelve specimens in 1876 ; twenty-eight specimens in all" (Entomo-
logist, vol. x, p. 5). Six specimens were taken at the same place in 1877
(Entomologist, vol. xi, p. 104). These are the last that have been recorded from
there.

Pembrokeshire. — " In company with the Rev.C. T. Cruttwell 1 was fortunate
in capturing a specimen of this rare butterfly, flying over thyme, at Tenby," W.
Edwards (Entomologist, vol. xvi, p. 210 [1883]). This capture is doubted by Mr.
Barrett in his recent work on British Butterflies.

Addendum. — " Lyccena Acis in Sussex. I have in my collection a specimen
caught, by my friend, Mr. T. C. Hedley in the White Fields, Abbott's Wood, in
July, 1881. I saw the insect caught, so that I am sure of its authenticity," J. A.
Dynes, Eastbourne, 1883 (Entomologist, vol. xvi, p. 135).

Glanvilles Wootton :

December, 1901.

COLEOPEORA MILVIPENNIS, Zeller, NEW TO BRITAIN.
BY C. O. BAKRETT, F.E.S.

I have been tnuch interested lately in examining a lovely littde
Coleophora reared by my old friend Mr. W. C. Boyd. He was shooting
near Danbury, Essex, in October, 1900, when his attention was claimed
by very white blotched mines in leaves of blackthorn (Prunus spinosa).
After some search two cases were secured, and were afterwards
sleeved out in his garden, upon plum, for the winter. They were
then not full grown, but fed up in the following spring, and produced
one moth in 1901. This moth agrees in size, and in part in colour,
so nearly with C. badiipennella, that it remained without further ex-
amination until now. In the collection of the late Professor Frey,
at South Kensington, I find three specimens of C. milvipennis, Zell.,
which agree in all respects with this example with the utmost accu-
racy. The case also agrees, but with this one discrepancy. Prof.
Prey's cases are from birch, and birch is given as the food plant by

80 [April,

Zeller, and by Sorhagen, A. Schtnid, and Hofmann, though Frey
himself says, in 1856, that it feuds on deciduous trees, and in 1880
mentions birch only. H is a remarkably straight, slender and pointed
case; and I feel no doubt whatever that those found by Mr. Boyd are
of the same species.

This little moth is of the size of G. badiipennella, expanse about
4 lines (8 mm.), antennae rather long, beautifully annulated with
browu and clear white ; fore-wings pale yellow at the base, the colour
regularly and softly shading darker outward until it becomes of a rich
ochreous, or pale golden-fulvous, in the hinder area ; without markings,
and having the costa of the colour of the rest of the wing ; cilia
similar. Hind-wings glossy, pale grey, with long silvery-white cilia ;
abdomen dark brown ; legs long, pale brown.

This is an interesting addition to the British fauna.

Tremont, Peckhani Rye, S.E. :
March lith, 1902.

PSEUDOPHLCEUS WALTLII., B.S., A SPECIES NEW TO THE
BRITISH FAUNA, &c.,

BY 11 . J . IIIOULKSS.

On August 5th last, at West Walton, Norfolk, while searching
at the roots of grass in a very dry place, I obtained a Coreid Bug,
which did not exactly answer the description of any of our species.
I therefore sent it to Mr. Edward Saunders, and he has been kind
enough to name it for me as Pseudophloeus Waltlii, H.-S., a well-known
Continental species, but not previously recorded from Britain. He
points out that the difference in the third antennal joint, which widens
and is black at the apex, will at once distinguish it from P. Fallcnii,
also that the scutellum is carinated only at the apex, and the
autennary tubercles are pointed instead of obtuse as in Fallcnii.

The patch of dry grass mentioned above produced, in addition to
the Pseudophloeus Waltlii, the following bugs, which may be worth
recording : a dead and broken specimen of Coreus denticulatus, a species
only once before recorded from Norfolk, Berytus crassipes and B.
minor, Aphanus lynceus, Coranus subapterus and Nabis boops.

The following species also, have recently occurred in my garden
at Norwich, Podops inuncta, Heteroy aster urticce and Therapha
hyoscyami. This last is a very interesting capture, as it was taken in
Norfolk by Paget many years ago, but has since been recorded in this
country from the South Western counties only.

" Corfe," College Road, Norwich :
March 5th, 1902.

1802.] gl

NEW CORSICAN AND FRENCH MICRO-LEPIDOPTEBA.

BY THE RT. HON. LOUD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., P.R.S., Ac.

{Continued from Vol XXXVII, p. 184).

335. HOLCOPOGON, Stgr.
n. syn. = Cyrnia, Wlsm.

Holcopogon, Stgr., Hur. Soc. Ent. Ross., XV, 330-1 (1879);
Stgr.and Rbl., Cat. Lp. Pal., 11, 160, No. 335 (1901). Cyrnia, Wlsm ,
Ent. Mo. .Mag., XXXVI, 218-9 (1900); Stgr. and Rbl., Cat. Ip.
Pal., II, 201, No. 3Mbis (1901).

2979. Holcopocon bubulcellus, Stgr.
n. syn. =3011bia barbata, Wlsin.

Hypsolophus bubulcellus, Stgr., Stett. Ent. Ztg., XX, 215, No. 96
(1859). Ypsolvphus pulverellus, Cnst., Ann. Soc. Ent. Er., XXXI V
(4 s., V: 1805), 191—2, PI. II, 5 (1865). Uolcopoyon bubulcella,
Stgr., lior. Soc. Ent. Ross., XV, 330 -1 (1879) ; H. bubulcellus, Stgr.
and Rbl, Cat, Lp. Pal., II, 160, No. 2979 (1901). Cyrnia barbata,
Wlsm., Ent. Mo. Mag., XXXVI, 219, No. 2177 (2) (1900) ; Stgr.
and Rbl., Cat. Lp. Pal., II, 264, No. 301tbis (1901).

I regret to find that by an unfortunate error the description of
Cyrnia barbata, Wlsm., MS., has appeared in print. These descrip-
tions were intended to be suppressed, but having slipped in among
those of other Corsican species sent for publication, my attention was
not called to the oversight until my return from abroad. The genus
was not regarded as sufficiently distinct from iLolcopoijon, Stgr.,
differing only in my two specimens having veins 3 and 4 of the hind-
wings connate, whereas they are normally separate in Holcopogon
heloeolellus, Stgr. The suspicion that barbata was identical with
bubulcdlus, Stgr., which I had not then recognised, is now confirmed.

(To be continued).

NOTE ON OSMIA MANIC ATA, Morice, WITH DESCRIPTION
OF THE FEMALE.

BY THE REV. F. B. MORICE, M.A., F. E.S.

The Osmia, whose £ 1 described in Trans. Ent. Soc, London,
1901, Part 11, under the name of manicata appears to be widely dis-
tributed over the Mediterranean regions. 1 have now taken its £ <§
in Algeria and South Italy (Taranto), both sexes in Corfu, Zante,
West and East Greece (Oly mpia, Attica), and $ ? apparently belonging
to the same species at Smyrna.

82 LAprfi,

I am sure as to the ? V from Greece, one of them having been
taken actually in copula. Those from Smyrna, so far as I can see, are
exactly similar.

In all, I have eight specimens, which 1 should call manicata ? .
They are most vexatiously like adunca, lJz. — in fact, after a prolonged
and minute comparison of the two species, the only distinguishing
? characters I can find are the following —

Manicata is larger (14 — 17 mill, long, and at least 4 mill, wide) ; its hind
calcaria are completely red ; there is a more clearly defined rugose triangle at the
extreme base of the propodeum ; its general style of puncturation is a little stronger
than that of adunca — not so shallow, and in some places closer ; especially it may
be noticed that on the mesonotum near the teguhe the punctures in adunca become
almost remote, and the surface in consequence shines a little, whereas in manicata
the whole mesonotum is covered with close reticulate punctures, making it look
quite dull : also in manicata the tegulae themselves show pretty distinct fine punc-
tures almost all over, while in adunca the greater part of their surface is impunctate.

Neither in the clypeus, the antenna', the legs, the wings, nor even in the last
ventral segment (usually so helpful in discriminating ? 9 of this group) can 1 find
any substantial difference between adunca and manicata. The pilosity, fimbriation
of the abdominal segments, etc., seems quite identical, and both species have the
shining, comparatively naked abdominal surface, by which adunca is so easily dis-
tinguished from ctBmentaria, Lepelletieri, etc.

The characters given above are, it must be owned, not altogether
satisfactory, and if the g $ differed no more than the ? ? , one might
well hesitate as to separating the two as distinct species. But the
6th ventral segment in manicata g is so utterly unlike that in adunca,
that it is really impossible to unite them. I find its peculiarities abso-
lutely constant in the numerous specimens which 1 have now- examined,
and have nothing to add to or subtract from the account I gave of
them in the Transactions (I. c).

There can be little doubt that many specimens of manicata occur
in South-European collections under the name of adunca. It is curious
that in 1901 Dr. Schmiedeknecht and myself, while collecting in
Greece and the Ionian Islands, found no specimens of adunca at all !
— all the Osmice of that group that we obtained were either manicata
or pallicornis, Friese (= difformis, Duck e, nee Perez). But as soon as
I crossed to South Italy, I found adunca everywhere, while manicata
only re-appeared at Tarauto, and pallicornis was nowhere to be found.

Urunswick, Woking :

February, 1902.

t0o2.] 83

Macropis labiata, Pz., and fulvipes, F. — In Friese's new volume (VI) of
" Apidaa Europsjce," the above insects are separated by differences of colour, punc-
turafion, etc., but the author expresses some doubt whether they ought really to be
considered as distinct species.

Having examined their J genitalia with this question in view, 1 find a difference
which seems to me quite strong enough to be specific. In both, the stipes has a long
bilobed apical process or '; lacinia," but the outer of the two lobes of this process is
shaped very differently in the two species. In fulvipes it lias a simple subtriangular
form, with nearly straight, gently converging sides and a rounded apex. But in
labiata it is so strongly and abruptly dilated inwards at the apex as to be almost
Unciform. The difference is quite apparent with a hand-lens of low power ; as viewed
under the compound microscope it is more than apparent — striking ! (The inner
lobes differ also somewhat — that in labiata being wider. But this character is by
no means so noticeable as that given above, so I do not dwell upon it).

The species are undoubtedly very closely allied ; but I think we cannot do
wrong to keep them apart, according to our present ideas as to what constitutes a
species.

My specimens of Macropis are mostly English or Swiss. The English ones are
all labiata ; the Swiss comprise both species — labiata from Sierre, and fulvipes from
the Bois des Freres, near Geneva. Both occurred on Lysimachia, and I never
thought I had more than one species in my collection, till I tested it by Friese's
synoptic tables in the new volume. — E. 1). Mouice, Brunswick, Woking :
February, 1902.

Hedychrum rutilans, Dhb.,and Hedychrum fervidum, Smith, nee F. — Professor
Poulton has lately been good enough to send me for examination the whole of the
British Chrysids in the "Hope" (Oxford) Collection. I was rather disappointed
to find that it contained nothing new to our British List ; but there was one insect
which, had I seen it a few months earlier, would have been so.

This was a $ of Hedychrum rutilans, Dhb., tbe species of which I recorded the
first British capture known to me (at Lyndhurst, by Miss Ethel Chawner), in the
Eut. Mo. Mag. of last October (1901).

The insect bore two old labels, one naming it " Hedychrum fervidum," the
other giving as locality and captor " Wandsworth, W. S. (sic) Saunders." This
was probably due to a slip of the pen, W. W. Saunders being no doubt intended.
The label was not in Mr. Saunders's handwriting, and his son (Mr. E. Saunders)
who has seen the specimen thinks that the pin was not one likely to have been used
by his father — still, of course it may have been re-pinned.

If it was really received from Mr. Wilson Saunders a curious result follows.

So far as I know, four British collections only (the British Museum, the Hope,
Dr. Mason's, and my own) contain each a single specimen professing to represent
the insect described by Shuckard, Smith, &c, under the name " Hedychrum fervi-
dum." Of these, three arc really varieties (all different) of Holopyga gloriosa, ¥.,
while the fourth is a Hedychrum rutilans. Not one of them is the true " fervidum,"
or rather, "fervida," viz., Holopyga fervida, E., which apparently does not occur in
this country at all. All four specimens can be traced probably, and my own, cer-
tainly, to Mr. Wilson Saunders's collection, and he alone is recorded (vide Shuckard)
as having captured " Hedychrum fervidum" in this country.

84 APril.

Mr. Marshall's Catalogue gives "rutilans" as a synonym for Smith's
"fervidum," as I mentioned in my first paper in the Ent. Mo. Mag. on British
Chrysids. I then supposed this to be a simple mistake, since all the then claimants
to the name "fervidum " belonged to Holopyga gloriosa, with which "rutilans," a
true Hedychrum, had no sort of connection, nor even resemblance. But, if he was
going by the Hope collection specimen, his identification was perfectly correct, as
far as that example was concerned, though not so as to the other insects described
as fervidum by British authors.

Since there is now no doubt that rutilans is a real British species and still
occurs here, it is to be hoped that gloriosa may yet be rediscovered, and the shadow
of doubt that still remains on the subject of its claim to be considered a native be
removed. — Id. : March 8th, 1902.

Sirex gigas, L,, at llitchin (Herts) and Merton (Norfolk). — This species used
to be brought to me occasionally at Hit-chin, but the specimens were almost certainly
imported. The late Frank Latch more observed that those which occurred in his
shop were bred from bundles of Ore-wood. I once dug a large number of males out
of a flr-trunk at Merton, and have occasionally seen the female on the wing, but
there is a large timber yard at Brandon, and foreign Ore-wood is sold everywhere.
Foreign timber and Ore-wood undoubtedly introduce this species every year, and
probably the majority of specimens observed are not actually British. If the species
has any real claim to be regarded as autochthonous, specimens with an entirely
British ancestry must form a very small minority.

Sires ju venous, L., at llitchin (Herts). — This species was decidedly rare
at Hitchin ; one of my specimens was taken in his shop by the late Frank
Latehmore - this was undoubtedly introduced in the same way as S. gigas, and I
do not regard any of my specimens as truly British. — J. Hartley Dckbant,
Merton Hall : February 26th, 1902.

Notes on Diptera in the New Forest during 1'JOl. — From my own experience
the season was not a good one, for although the weather, at the time of my visits,
was favourable, Diptera were scarce, and the strong winds which generally prevailed
made collecting them difficult. The season was also erratic, as what Spring there
was came even later than in l'JUO, but by the end of May it was forwarder than
usual, and only became normal about August, by which time many species I expected
to find, were apparently over. Quality, however, somewhat made up for quantity,
and in addition to the four Psilota anthracina, Mg., two Focota ap ij arm is, Schrk., and
three Lophosia fasciata, Mg., already reported, I took one Leptomorphus Walkeri,
Curt., two Flatyura atrata, F. ?, one V. fasciata, Ltr., one Bibio ctavipes, Mg., one
Ftychoptera contaminata, L., three Asilus crabroniformis, L., Empis nigritarsis,
Mg. (com.), six Flatypera hirticeps, Verr. (all ? ? ), Platychirus discimanus, Lw.,
(common on sallows), four Fyrophama granditarsa Forst.,one Crysuchlamys ruftcornis,
F., two Callicera cenea, ¥., one Zodion cinereum, F., four Oncomyia atra, F., three
tStomphasticafava, Mg.,one Neottiophitum praustum, Mg., Urophora <piadr fasciata,
Mg. (common on Centaurea nigra),one Fhora abdominal is , Fin ., and Mr.C.Morley gave
me a specimen of the rare Asciura rotundiventris, Fin., taken on Angelica sylvestris

1902.] 85

at Matley Bog. Although I arrived at Lyndhurst about the usual time for Mallota
cimbiciformis Flu., and Callicera renea, F., I did not see either, and a few days later
on meeting Dr. Sharp lie told me they were over, as he had previously taken both,
but had not seen any more about for quite a week. The two C. renea mentioned
were quite late specimens, and showed signs of having been about for some time,
one being taken on 8th September, which I think is the latest date yet reported
To my surprise, not a single Ceroplatus tipuloides, F., and only one Spi/ogaster
uliffinosa, Fin., turned up at Fern Cottage, both species having been commoner
there than usual the previous year. — F. C. Adams, 3t», Ashley Gardens. S.W. :
March, 1902.

The Reports to the Malaria Committee of the Royal Society. — The sixth
series of these Reports, issued early in March, is of great importance from an ento-
mological, as well as from a medical, point of view. The Reports are from Drs.
Stephens and Christophers, the medical officers who are investigating the subject
in Bengal, and deal principally with the power, or otherwise, of different species of
Anopheles to transmit malarial fever. The district they had under consideration
extends from the Bay of Bengal to the "Duars," a narrow strip devoted to tea
cultivation, at the foot of the Himalayas. They found five species of Anopheles
in this district, but only one of them, A. Christophers!, Theobald, proved of im-
portance as an infecting agent, and this is almost confined to the " Duars." A.
Rossi, Giles, which swarms in Calcutta, proved there of negative importance; spe-
cimens fed purposely upon malarial patients failed absolutely to produce within
them the malarial organisms, whereas of A. Christophers! in the "Duars" from
40 to 72 per cent, of individuals were infected, and thus able to transmit the
disease. In the plains of Bengal A. Rossi does not seem quite so immune, as
from 7 to 12 per cent, were infected. The fever cases at Calcutta would seem to be
mainly importations. No. 450 (March 7th, 1902) of the " Proceedings of the Royal
Society " contains a systematic monographic list of the Culicida of India, by Mr.
F. V. Theobald, M.A., F.E.S. The author makes the significant suggestion that
whereas it is only certain species of Anopheles that carry malaria, it may be that
certain species of Culex may do so likewise. — Eds.

Hyetodesia vagans, Fin., confirmed as British. — In Mr. Verrall's New List of
Diplera this species is omitted, and in the January No. (ante p. 8) of this Magazine
he includes it with seven other species unknown to him. This is an oversight on
Mr. Verrall's part, as I submitted specimens to him some years ago. Tt is a per-
fectly well-known species to me, as it is represented in my cabinet by three males
and eight females, besides others given away. Mr. C. J. Wainwright also has some
half dozen in his collection. All these were taken in Sutton Park, Warwickshire.
Mr. Verrall now admits the validity of the species.— Ralph C. Bbadley, Moseley,
Birmingham : March, 1902.

Lopus flavotnarginatus, Don., in Blean Wood, and Paraaus bicolor at St. Mar-
garet's Bay.— I find that on the 24th of June, 1900, I captured two specimens of
the apparently rare bug, Lopus fiavomarginatus, Don., in the Blean Woods. They

86 tAPril>

were taken on broom. Last year, on August 12th, I took at St. Margaret's Bay,
under the Cliff, a specimen of Paragus bicolor, a Syrphid fly, which appears, from
Mr. Verrall'a book, hitherto to have been known as British from very few examples,
but which I feel sure was abundant at St. Margaret's Bay. The porrected antenna?,
which are well represented by the illustration in Mr. Verrall'a book, seem remarka-
ble in the group of Syrphida in which Paragus occurs.— ARTn PR J. Chitty, 27,
Hereford Square, S.W. : March 12///, 1902.

Icerya seychellarum (Westwood), in S. Africa. — Mr. C. Fuller has sent me
examples of this species (new to S. Africa) on rose and Ficus, collected in Natal.
It also occurs on native plants, and is more likely to be a native of S. Africa than
of the Seychelles or Mauritius. Mr. Pergande, of Washington, has also examined
specimens, and agrees with me that theCoccid is true/, seychellarum. It is a pretty
thing, with yellow and white secretion, and radiating glassy filaments. The insect
from Lagos, described by me as a subspecies of /. seychellarum, is clearly a valid
species (Icerya albolutea). — T. D. A. Cockereld, E. Las Vegas, N. Mexico:
March, 1902.

Fiorinia Sulcii, Newstead, in France. — Dr. P. Marchal has fust sent me this
species, collected in Dordogne, April 19th, 1901, on Pinus. It is, so far as I know,
new to the fauna of France.*— Id.

Bamboo Coccids in Algeria. — Dr. P. Marchal sends me some Coccids crowded
on Bambusa spinosa, marked " Jardin d'Essai du Ham ma, Alger," January 26th,
1901. They consist of two species, Odonaspis secretus (Ckll.) var Oreenii, Ckll.,
and My (Hasp is bambitsicola, Ckll. The first was described from Ceylon, the other
from Brazil ! — Id.

Strachia picta probably imported with fruit. — On November 30th last, Mr.
A. Mason, of Brundall, sent me a very fine red and black bug, which he took
crawling in his dining room, near some plates of dessert, consisting of bananas,
grapes, &c. It is similar to Strachia festiva, but much larger. Mr. Edward
Saunders has again assisted me, and writes as follows : — " It is Strachia sp., very
like picta, and possibly a form of that species. Under the circumstances, I should
say it was probably introduced from the Canaries. It is not a species likely to occur
here." The insect was alive and quite active when it came into my possession. —
H. J. Ttiofless "Corfe," College Road, Norwich : March 5th, 1902.

Salda C-album, Fieb., and vestita, D. and S.— Among a large number of Salda
C -album sent to me for examination by Mr. Geo. B. Boutledge, were three or four
specimens of vestita, D. and S. Upon enquiry I find that they were all taken at
one spot on the banks of the Irthing, near Edmond Castle. Salda saltatoria did
not occur at all, the only other species being scotica, Curt.

I have before received C-album and vestita from Mr. Routledge taken together

* Also new to France is fliaspis zamiie, Morgan, found by Dr. Marchal on Cycas in a hothouse :
but this is not a native species.

1902.] 87

elsewhere, and think these facts are a very strong confirmation of Dr. Renter's
opinion that iiestita is the developed form of ('-album. — E. A. Newbery, 12,
Churchill Road, N.W. : March Uth, 1902.

[The above note contains very strong evidence in favour of Salda vestila being
the developed form of C-album. I have always been against this association, on
account of the very different appearance of the elytra in the two forms ; in vestita
these are dull all over, ami there is an absence of the velvety black patches observable
in C-album, as well as of the whiter markings, and notably of the little round white
spot near the apex of the corium ; the sides of the pronotum are also more rounded.
I feel, however, that Dr. Renter's views have turned out correct, and that in future
iiestita should be treated as the macropterous form of C-album in our lists. —
Edward Saunders.]

A few Odonata from the Chamonix Valley. — As very little has been published
concerning the Dragon-flies of the Mont Blanc district, it may be of use to enume-
rate six species taken at Chamonix (over 3200 feet) by in}' friend Mr. R. W. Lloyd
between July 15th to 27th, 1901 : —

Sympetrum striolatum, Clip. ; Orthetrum brunneum, Fonsc., apparently very
common ; JEsch. cyanea, Mull. ; Calopteryx splendens, Harris ; Pyrrhosoma nym-
phula. Sulz. ; Agrion merruriale, Clip. — ■ R. McLachlan, Lewisham, London :
February 23rd, 1902.

Sphinx convolvuli, L., at Merlon (Norfolk), 1901.— On September 20th, 1901,
Lord Walsingham's gardener brought me a specimen of convolvuli which he had
caught in a greenhouse in the garden here. Although I have never taken this
species myself, I have not regarded it as a rare species — boys used to bring me
specimens at Hitchin, and Lord Walsingham and myself saw several specimens
flying round a high electric light at the Colonial Exhibition at South Kensington. —
John Hartley Durhant, Merton Hall, Thetford : February 25th, 1902.

Papilio machaon, L., at Fly in 1881. — On June 16th, 1881, I saw a specimen
of machaon at Ely, near the stone wall in the meadow beyond the Vineyard. It
flew over the wall, much to my disgust, and did not return, although I waited for it
for hours. I need hardly add that this was the first time I had seen a real live
Swallow-tail! I am aware that the Rev. Gr. H. Raynor tried to establish machaon
at the Rosewell Pits, Ely, in 1881, having assisted him in collecting ova at Wicken,
but my Swallow-tail had no connection with these ova, the earliest of which, accor-
ding to my notes, were collected June 24th, 1881.— Id. : February 25th, 1902.

The hibernating stage of Coremia didymata, L. — In part lxxxviii of Mr.
Barrett's " Lepidopfera of the British Islands," just to hand to-day, the author
remarks (p. 177) that he " can obtain no information as to the young state of this
larva, but it must surely hatch from the egg in autumn— probably August," &c. I
am able to supply the missing information : ova laid on August 10th, 1899, hatched
on February 26th, 1900, and I have at the present time apparently healthy hiber-
nating ova which were deposited on July 21st, 1901.— Louis B. Prout, 246,
Richmond Road, N.E. : March 1th, 1902.

88 r April,

A Correction — Blaps similis, Ltr., = Blaps *mortisaga, Dr»t., Fnt. Mo.
Mag., XXI, 112 (1884) nee. L. — The record of the occurrence of Maps mortisaga
at Hitchin, was founded on two specimens brought to me alive July 22nd, 1884.
These appeared to differ from B. similis, which I had taken freely at Pirton, in the
greater extension of the ends of the elytra, and were determined for me by a friend
as B. mortisaga. This identification was probably more or less casual, but T was
younger then, and accepted it without question. I did not become acquainted with
the error of determination until some years later. Blaps mortisaga, L., does not
occur at Hitchin, Herts. — J. Hartley Durrani, Merton Hall : Feb. 27th, 1002.

Crgptophilus integer, lleer, in London. — I have long had a specimen of this
inconspicuous Clavicorn beetle in my collection, brought me with Mezium and
other insects from a London warehouse. It is very like a small, pallid Cryptophagus,
with the sides of the thorax acutely margined, but not toothed, and the entire upper
surface delicately punctured and pubescent, the punctures on the elytra subsorially
arranged. As the insect is likely to become spread by commerce, it is worth while
calling attention to its occurrence alive in London, though the species cannot, of
course, be introduced into the British list. It has been recorded from many
localities in Europe, including Switzerland, the Tyrol, the Balearic Islands, &c,
and I have specimens sent me by Mr. J. J. Walker, from Corfu, Cephalonia, and
Malta. In the last European Catalogue the genus is referred to the Tel matophil idee.
— G. C. Champion, Horsell, Woking : March 1st, 1902.

Note on " Lathrobinm atripatpe." — Mr. Thompson has just sent me for
verification a specimen of a Lathrohium from High Moors, Yorkshire, that agrees
with the individual on which I introduced L. atripalpe, Scriba, as a British species.
I have always felt doubt as to whether the insect was really what Scriba had in
view, and I see that Ganglbauer considers Scriba's L. atripalpe to be a variety of
L. terminatum. This my " atripalpe " certainly is not, and it seems possible that
it is an undescribed species. I notice that in one of my examples the elytra are
quite black, but in another, and in Mr. Thompson's specimen, they are piceous —
giving rise to the suspicion that the insect may be a dark form of some species with
red elytra. The insect is at present rare to an extent that is quite surprising, and
it would be well to wait for more information before attempting a final conclusion
on the matter, though the existence of an unnamed species in the British list
seems rather an anomaly now-a-days. — D. Sharp, Cambridge : Feb. 19th, 1902.

Carbolic Acid as a preventive of mildew, and preserver of collections. — I have
had experience of the use of this substance in collections of insects, extending now
over 25 years. During that period I have several times received applications from
residents in the tropics requesting me to inform them how they could protect their
collections from destruction. I have always recommended carbolic acid, and it has
always proved successful. I have tried several other methods I have seen recom-
mended, and though some of them are more or less useful, no one of them is at all
equal to Carbolic Acid. I find the glacial acid is not so good as the impure acid.
Calvert's No. 5 answers all the purposes best, and is not dear.

1902. j Si)

The mode of application. Get small Turkey sponges, with as few large passages
in them as can be found. Cut them into cubes, or oblongs, each about half a cubic
inch in size, and pin each cube into the box by means of two long and strong pins.
Take care that the sponge is isolated from everything except the pins. Then apply
the carbolic acid to the sponge by means of an ordinary pipette, putting as much on
the sponge as it will hold without risk of dripping.

The carbolic has no injurious influence on the colour of the insects, so long as
it does not actually touch them. It is, I think, advantageous as regards greasing,
and it is as efficacious against insect destroyers as it is against mould.

Various devices have been tried as to placing the carbolic in small vessels. But
none of these have proved successful. The sponge method is the best. The draw-
back to it is the risk of dripping of tbe carbolic from the sponge. This may be
rendered unimportant by using the lid of a small cardbox as a saucer. The pins
carrying the sponge also carry this saucer. A small interval should separate the
sponge from the saucer.

I may add that if collections are infested with Insects, it is best before using
the carbolic acid, to kill the pests by some agent. Benzine is the best. This should
be put on the sponges in the same way as the carbolic. The box should then be
closed and left for a fortnight, when another application of benzine may be made,
if the boxes are badly infected. If this is used, the carbolic may be put on the
sponges three or four days after the second application of the benzine.

With regard to the question how long the carbolic acid acts as a preservative,
1 may say that this depends on a number of details. When it is first used in a
collection, I advise a second application to be made in about three months. If the
collection has been in a very bad state, it will be some time before the destroyers
completely disappear, and consequently the frequency of renewal must depend on
this, on the climate, on the nature of the boxes, etc. But after the carbolic has been
renewed two or three times, the intervals between its application may be extended
to one, two or three years. Although 1 have not experimented much with it, I am
disposed to entertain the opinion that the vapour of carbolic acid may be a valuable
adjunct in rearing insects in confinement, especially when they have to be kept for
some time. They are, in such cases, frequently killed by mould. If galls and such
objects are placed in vessels with some of the crystalline carbolic acid, so that none
of the acid touches the galls, I have found the insects emerge very freely. If the
insects are very small, it is desirable to put in the receptable a small vessel con-
taining some water. The reason for this being that the carbolic acid seems to
exercise a peculiar influence in keeping the air very dry. — Id., Cambridge : March
1st, 1902.

The Victoria History of the Counties of England : a History of
Surrey. Insecta, edited by Herbert Gross, F.L.S., &c, pp. 1U2, folio. London :
A Constable and Co., Limited. 1902.

In this Magazine for November, 1900, we called attention to the publication
of the first of the Counties, viz., Hampshire, and gave a brief notice of the scope
of the intended work and its difficulties. Surrey is now before us, and the Insecta

H

90 [April,

occupy over 100 pages. No doubt Surrey is one of the most favoured, as well as
one of the best-worked counties, but if this occupation of space by the Insecta is to
be continued at the same rate we think there will be a revolution at head-quarters ;
and yet whole and important groups (e. g., parasitic Hymenoptera) are omitted
altogether. All concerned seem to have done their work well ; at any rate, as well
as is possible for a task imposed at very short notice. All is very unequal (as was
remarked for Hampshire), and we do not see how this is to be avoided. Much of
it is in what may be called " narrative " form ; much (such as Hymenoptera, Coleo-
ptera, Micro-Lepidoptera, &c.) consisting of only lists with localities. There have
been many isolated county catalogues of certain Orders of insects ; never before
has the subject been handled in so comprehensive a manner.

Genera Insectorum : First fascicule {Coleoptera), by Dr. M. Rkgimbart.
Pp. 12, and 1 plate. 4to. Bruxelles : P. Wytsman. 1902.

The first fascicule of the Coleoptera (presumably of Part 1) of this work is
devoted to the Gyrinidce, which the author divided into three tribes and nine
genera, the characters of the latter being shown on a beautifully drawn plate.
After each genus a list of the species and their habitat is given, 356 being the total
number for the whole family, and out of these 81 belong to Orectochilus, and 77 to
Gyrinus. If all the families of the Insecta were as well defined as the Gyrinidce,
and each had a specialist at work on it, there would be some hope of this gigantic
undertaking being completed in the course of time. — G. C. C.

Birmingham Entomological Society: February 17th, 1002. — Annual
Meeting. — Mr. G. T. Eethune-Baeek, President, in the Chair.

The Thirteenth Annual Report of the Council was read, and the Treasurer's
Report presented, showing a slight balance in the Society's favour.

The following Officers were elected for the ensuing year :— President, Mr. G.
H. Kenrick, F.E.S. ; Vice-President, Mr. G. T. Bethune-Baker, F.L.S., F.E.S. ;
Treasurer, Mr. R. C. Bradley ; Librarian, Mr. A. II. Martineau, F.E.S. ; and Sec-
retary, Mr. C. J. Wain wright, F.E.S. The following were also elected to the
Council : Messrs. H. VVilloughby Ellis, F.E.S., J. T. Fountain, W. Harrison, and
G. W. Wynn.

Mr. A. Imms exhibited, by means of a lantern, a series of microscopic prepara-
tions of the Colleinbola, including specimens of typical species and sections, &c.
Mr. J. T. Fountain, a series of Selenia bilunaria, Esp. (illunaria, lib.), of different
broods, including a series bred, June to August, of vav.juliaria, Haw., and others
bred, November to March, all of the spring form. Mr. A. H. Martineau, Hymeno-
ptera taken at Budleigh Salterton, 3. Devon, at beginning of August last year,
including Andrena pilipes, F., and A. thoracica, F., both from bramble blooms;
Astatus boops, Schr., taken at blossoms of gorse ; Andrena deuticulata, Kirb.,
Nomada fucata, Panz., Dasypoda hirtipes, Latr., Hedychridium ruseum, Rossi, the
parasite of Astatus boops, and Trypoxylon Jiyulus, Smith, its cells were found in
sand instead of the more usual wooden posts. — Colbean J. Wainwbight, Hon.
See.

1902.] 91

Tite South London Entomological and Natural ITistort Society :
Annual Meeting. -January 9th, 1902. — Mr. F. Noad Clark, Vice-President, in
the Chair.

The Twenty-Ninth Annual Report was read, and shewed that the Society was
in a very satisfactory condition, both in membership and finances, and had carried
on witli much success its educational and scientific work. The present number of
members is 174, and the Balance Sheet shewed a very fair balance, with no liabilities.

The following is a list of the Officers and Council elected for the ensuing year : —
President, F. Noad Clark ; Vice-Presidents, H. S. Fremlin, M.R.C.S., F.E.S., and E.
Step, F.L.S. ; Treasurer, T. W. Hall, F.E.S. ; Librarian, H. A. Sauze ; Curator,
W. West ; Hon. Secretaries, Stanley Edwards, F.L.S., F.E.S. , and Hy. J. Turner,
F.E.S. ; Council, W. J. Ashdown, J. H. Carpenter, F.E.S., T. A. Chapman, M.D.,
F.E.S., A. Harrison, F.C.S., F.L.S., W. J. Lucas, B.A., F.E.S., H. Main, B.Sc.,
F.E.S., and J. W. Tutt, F.E.S.

There was no Address from the retiring President, owing to his having met
with a very serious accident. A vote of sincere condolence and of hearty best
wishes for his speedy recovery was unanimously passed.

Mr. R. Adkin exhibited a long series of Acidalia aversata, and read notes on
their life-history and variation. Mr. Garrett, a living specimen of Dasychira pudi-
bunda, which had just emerged in the open. Dr. Chapman, forms illustrative of
the geographical races in Spain and Switzerland of the butterflies Polyommatus
Corydon, Lyccena Damon, and L. Hylas.

February 13th, 1002.— Mr. F. Noad Clark, President, in the Chair.

Mr. South exhibited a specimen of Cydimon (Urania) leilus, from St. Kitts,
one of the Leeward group of the West Indies. It is a common species along the
northern coast of S. America, and in Trinidad, but has not hitherto been taken in
this island. Mr. MeArthur, some specimens of Eupoecilia gilricomana, taken forty
years ago by Mr. Standish, and stated that the species had not since been obtained
in this country. Mr. H. Moore, an exceedingly fine specimen of the Orthopteron
Lanar imperialis, from Sylhet, in N. India. Dr. Chapman, specimens of Hypotia
corticalis, from the Riviera, a species having some of the characters of the genera
Pyralinus and Phycitinns, and for which he had proposed a new genus. Rev. F.
P. Perry, a large number of CoJeoptera from the Transvaal and Orange Colony,
taken by himself during a short residence in S. Africa.

February 27th, 1902.— The President in the Chair.

Mr. South exhibited a specimen of Macaria liturata from Delamere Forest.
It was a very dark variety, and had recently been described as var. nigro-fuhata ;
it was apparently an unknown form on the continent. Mr. MeArthur, an example
of Agrotis segetum, having a narrow, very dark, marginal band on each of the hind-
wings, the white ground colour and fringes making it of a very conspicuous character.
Mr. Edwards, an unusually large and perfect nest of Vespa vulgaris, obtained near
Rochester in a hollow tree. Dr. Chapman, specimens of Crinopteryx familieUa,
bred from larva ; it. belonged to the lower section of the Adelida, and lived in cases
like the Coleophorce, to which it had no structural relation whatever. Mr. R. Adkin,
long bred series of Acidalia marginepunctata, and read a paper on them, entitled,

H 2

92 [APril>

" A Life-cycle of Acidalia marg inepunctata." A discussion ensued, when it was
pointed out that the genus certainly required subdivision, both on account of di-
versity of structure and distinction of habit. — Hy. Turner, Hon. Sec.

Entomological Society of London: February 5/7*, 1902. — The Rev.
Canon W. W. Fowler, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Dr. Norman Joy, of Bradfield, near Reading, was elected a Fellow of the
Society.

Professor Poulton exhibited with lantern a series of slides belonging to
Professor Meldola, made from actual specimens by the three-colour process, illus-
trative of mimicry in British and exotic Lepidoplera and Hymenoptera. lie also
exhibited the several specimens from which the lantern-slides had been prepared.
Mr. C. G. Barrett, a series of the perfect insect of Olottttla fusca, Hpsn.,
together with ears of maize (locally called mealies), showing the damage done by
the well-grown larva of the species, which lives in the first place in the stem, eating
the pith from the ground, and afterwards attacking the cobs, and eating from the
inside into the bases of the unripe grains which then change colour and shrivel up.
He also exhibited: Gynaniza maia, <? , Walk., and a drawing of the larva;
Nudaurelia menippe, <J,Feld., and drawing of larvae ; Bombycomorpha bifascia,
Hpsn., circlet of eggs, cocoons and figure of larva ; Phissana Jlava, Feld., food,
cocoon and figure of larva ; Gonometa postica, g and 9 , Walk., cocoon (poison-
ous), and c? and 9 larva figures ; Henucha smilax, $ and ? , Feld., pupa, cocoon,
figures of larva, and an enlarged segment to show markings ; Metarctia rufescens,
Walk., and figure of larva ; Tceniopyqa sylvana, Walk., and figures of larva ; Riyema
omata, Walk., and figures of larva — all the foregoing specimens and figures being
received from Miss Frances Barrett, Bnntingville, Transkei, South Africa. Mr.
W. L. Distant, two specimens of Coleoptera which had reached him alive from
the Transvaal — one Anlhla thoracica, Thumb., now deceased, the other Brachycerus
granosus, Gyll., still living. These insects had been sent by Mr. Robert Service, of
Dumfries, who received them trout Sergfc. Peter Dunn, of the volunteer company of
the Scottish Borderers. The genus Anthia extends to the Southern Palamrctic
region, and there seems little doubt that these species could be easily acclimatized
there. All they require at home is the run of a good palm or orchid-house. Mr.
R. Adkin, a series of Acidalia aversata. The parent moth (a banded female,
the male parent not being known) was taken at Lewisham in June, 1900. Of the
resulting larvas about one half fed-up rapidly, and produced imagines in the autumn
of the same year — a very unusual circumstance ; the remainder hibernated and
produced imagines in June of the following year, thus occupying the normal time
in completing their metamorphoses. The proportion of individuals following the
female parent in the two portions of tbe brood was almost equal, the percentages
being approximately 53 banded in the autumnal emergence as against 58 in the
spring, but in point of sex the disparity was great, over 05°/o of the autumn moths
being males as against fully 7-°/0 females in the spring portion. Mr. G. C.
Champion, long series of Leptura utragulata Germ., and Strangalia pubescens,
Fabr., from the pine-forests of Aragon and Castile, showing the great variation
in colour of the two species in these districts, whereas the allied forms

1902.] 93

occurring in the same places, viz., L. rubra, Linn., L. distiama, Charp., L. unipunc-
tata, Fabr., and L. saiiffiiiiio/etita, Linn., were perfectly constant ; also Dermestes
aurichalceus. Kiist., which he and Dr. Chapman had found everywhere in abundance
in the old nests of the processionary-moth (Thau mat oprea pitt/ocampa, Schill.) on the
pines in these forests. Dr. T. A. Chapman exhibited in illustration of his paper
" On a new subfamily of Pyralida" living larvae of Ht/potia corticalis, Sehiff., as
well as preserved larvae, pupa-cases, imagines and prepared wings to show the
neuration of that species. Mr. Edward Meyrick communicated descriptions of new
Australasian Lepidoptera." Mr. W. F. Kirby communicated a " Report on a
Collection of African Locustidre, chiefly from the Transvaal," made by Mr. W. L.
Distant.— H. Rowland Brown, Hon. Sec.

ON CRINOPTERYX FAMILIELLA, de Peyerimhoff.
BY T. A. CHAPMAN, M.D., F Z.S.

The interest one feels in this insert is that which attaches to all
the species that form the lower groups, but it is intensified in this
case, since we have been led to believe that it occupies a place inter-
mediate between the lowest Adelidce and the Jur/atie.

Until last year I was not at Cannes early enough in the season
to take the larva, and so had to delay examining the grounds of its
claims to such a position.

It is not uncommon in the larval state near Cannes, but is to be
taken only during the winter, and in March has well nigh disappeared.
Last February (1901) T made search for them, and collected a fair
supply of cases. A good account (by de Peyerimhoff) of their
habits is to be found in Milliere's " Tconographie," and there is a note
by Baron V. Noleken, in the Stettiner Zeitnng for 1882, p. 188.
V. Nolcken says it is " very difficult to rear, one must keep it as cool as
possible and also in the dark, since they cannot bear a high
temperature. I could not supply these conditions on my return
journey, and so only reared a bare seven moths from all my supply of
larvae." I was more lucky than the Baron, since though I brought
my larva? home in various small tin boxes, I reared nearly two hundred
moths, in fact hardly one larva died. They emerged at the end of
September and beginning of October.

Happening to have Qistus sah-ifolius growing, I was able to see
the moths laying their eggs in the substance of the leaves, as is the
habit of all Adelidce, and to obtain the eggs, and newly hatched larva?.
Some moths sleeved on the plant out of doors, also oviposited, and the
resulting larva? were found to be cutting out their cases in the latter
half of January, 1902.

94 CApri1'

In de Peyerimhoff's account of the species in Milliere's Tcono-
graphie, vol. iii, p. 220, there is nothing to correct, except thai he
says the hind-wings have no scales, only hairs. The scales of the hind-
wings are not very narrow, but are apically pointed, having a spindle-
shaped outline, beyond the middle of the wing they are however
broader, and have two, three, and even four teeth, but are not quite so
broad as on the fore-wing.

Perhaps one might correct also the statement that the larva- does
not close the case when it retires for pupation, this is not so, it lightly
spins together the anterior opening, closes the posterior end firmly,
and attaches the case by a few short thick cables to whatever it lies

against.

He also speaks of the egg as being laid on the leaf, whereas as a

matter of fact, it is laid in it.

The cases are found at Cannes, wherever Oistus salvifolius grows
in suitable shaded places, and it especially affects almost seedling plants
less than a foot high, snch plants being occasionally completely eaten
by them, a dozen or more on a plant. They are very rare, apparently
accidental on Cist us monspeliensis, but are quite frequent in a species
of Helianthemum (barbatum I think, but am not sure of the name)
wherever it grows in suitable shaded places in the Esterels.

After it has cut out its case,the larva lives exactly like a CoJeophora,
fastening its case beneath the leaf, and making a hole and a blotch
precisely like a Ooleophora, often a nnmber together. In captivity,
the moths preferred laying a dozen or so eggs in one leaf, and avoiding
others, rather than distributing them singly, a habit that results in
the cases so often occurring in families ("familiella").

The larva appears to mine in a very small area, so that the case
it cuts out is the whole area it has mined up to that date. T make
this statement with some reserve, as I am not positive that the larva
does not leave one mine and make another during this period, but I
think not. It ejects all frass from the mine by a small opening,
precisely as it afterwards does from its case.

When it cuts out the case, it has recently entered the penultimate
skin. When removed from the mine, it walks easily, spinning a thread
as it goes ; it takes a step with the last segment as with the others,
but when not doing so, there being no anal prologs, this segment stands
up in the air, as in Platypteryx or Centra.

The larva is in all respects an Adelid. The peculiar arrange-
ment of the terminal segment in substitution of the anal prolegs, is
common in that group, as is also the condition of the earlier instars,

1902] 95

where no prolegs exist, but the true legs are present. Whether the
arrangement of the last segment affords any means of holding on or
not, it seems very probable that its object is to afford a hard, chitinous
surface, ventrally as well as dorsally, so as to have a solid wedge
with which to open the valvular end of the case, or slit in the mine,
for the ejection of frass.

The females were somewhat in excess of the males, and more so
towards the end of the period of emergence, thus on October 9th,
there were 2^s and S ? s. On October Stb, not one emerged, it was
a cold, blustry day, and putting the jar the pupa) were in so near the
tire as almost to be roasted, did not alter their determination. The
same fact was observed earlier, when only one or two came out on a
dull, wet day, followed by 30 odd the next day. How the weather
affected them in a jar in a room (without a tire, certaiuly) is difficult
to understand, or what element was efficient in the weather variation,
it could hardly be temperature, one would suppose, yet could hardly
be anything else. The emergences all took place between 7.30 a.m.
and 9.30 a.m. Nine-tenths between $ and 8.30.

The moths could jump a distance of about an inch, this is
apparently a common accomplishment of many " Micros," which cer-
tainly seem to jump ; aud though one attributes the movement to
wing action, it is probably not so, since I frequently observed
G.familiella jump in this way before its wings had begun to expand.

Several specimens escaped in the room, and for the most part
dived, those that were not followed by the eye at the moment hid
themselves effectually at once, and were never seen again, as they did
not take to the windows or Hy to the light.

In ovipositing, the moth goes over the leaf slowly, touching the
surface very frequently with the abdominal apex, apparently to ascer-
tain whether a suitable spot has been found. When found, she settles
down, directing the terminal abdominal segments nearly vertically to
the leaf, or perhaps with the apex directed slightly forwards. One
specimen observed maintained this attitude for 11 minutes. This
attitude is also that of Iiicui'varice.

The under-side of the leaf of Cistus salvi/'oliua is covered closely
with very beautiful stellate hairs. These are very sparse on the upper
surface of the leaf, often indeed, almost wanting, except at the margins.
This circumstance appears to fully account for the fact that the moth
selects the upper surface of the leaf for ovipositiou, since it would
usually be practically impossible to reach the leaf surface beneath
with her piercing ovipositor.

Qq [April, 1902.

Ovum. — Each female moth appears to lay about 80 eggs. The eggs are sliaped
like a very short, squat fircone, pointed at one end, flattened at the other, apparently
circular transversely to this axis. The length is 0.30 mm., the greatest width,
U'22. No sculpturing of surface is detected, the eggs are white, owing to their
granular contents, and are soft and easily deformed.

Larva.— The full grown larva is, when at rest in its case, about 4 mm. long,
and proportionately very broad, about 0-7 mm., though when stretched out it is
longer and more slender.

It looks greenish, according to the amount of material in the alimentary canal,
but is otherwise white or nearly colourless, except for the dark smoky colour of the
head, true legs, aud plates on the second, third and fourteenth segments (head =
first). The surface is covered with minute granular points. The head is about
half the width of the body, and largely retractile into the prothorax, the rest of
the larva is of fairly equal width, perhaps widest about 7th, 8th, and 9th segments,
and thence tapering to 14th ; viewed dorsally there is a series of hairs, one to each
segment, projecting laterally, but double on the thoracic segments.

The back of each abdominal segment from below the spiracle upwards forms
a surface, divided into two subsequents by a transverse depression, fading out before
reaching the spiracle, and tending to end at the posterior margin of the segment, in
the later segments, yielding to the tendency to mark off the spiracular area as a
lateral flange. Below the spiracle this area is rounded off by a groove from a
lateral flange, which is again marked off from the more strictly ventral area, on
which, however, a faint groove marks off flange three, flange one being the spiracular
area, continuous with the dorsal area.

Tubercles I and II are respectively on these two subsegments, rather far from
the middle line and from each other, and 11 but very slightly further out than I.
These carry small hairs, that on 11 largest and somewhat porrected. The spiracle
is well marked, being faintly tinted, circular, apparently not raised above surface.
It is towards the anterior margin of segment. Immediately above it is tub. Ill,
with short hair. Directly behind it and on exact middle of segment is IV,
carrying the long hair seen on dorsal view. At a lower level, about equally distant
from IV aud from spiracle is V, not a strong tubercle, and with small hair. On
second flange medially is a tubercle with short hair. Below this no tubercle can be
detected, except one with moderate hair on anterior external aspect of prolegs, and
on site of prolegs on 5, 6, and 11. On 2nd, 3rd, and 4th (thoracic) segments the
hair in line with IV is well developed, in 3 and 4 that in line with III. The large
plate covering dorsum of prothorax appears to have an anterior and posterior row
of hairs, in all six in number on each side, placed, in front row a long and short
internally and a long one externally, behind, the short hair accompanies the external
long one. On 3 and 4, a short hair appears to accompany III a little above it, and
also a short one both in front and behind IV.

Dorsally, on 4th segment two small tubercles occur close together on line of I
and II, whilst on the narrow dark plate on 3 it is difficult to be sure of more than
one tubercle on either side. The dark plate covering whole dorsum of 14 carries
about 12 hail's on each side, the strongest of these along the hind margin, whilst
below are also several strong hairs on what one would call the anal prolegs, except
tor the fact that there are none, but their places are taken by two short cylindrical

[Ent. Mouth. Mag., 1902, PI. II.

.-v*--

• -

X

-

L^m

* . •

A

*

&

^ WU

P. Noad Clark, Phot.

Crinoptertx familiella, de Peyer.

May, 1902.] 97

processes, beneath the anal plate, which look from beneath as if there were a ventral
anal plate precisely like the dorsal one, except that it is deeply cut into two lateral
portions. No hooks or other holding arrangements are detected here, but the
appearances suggest that their processes, and the dorsal one form three fingers that
hold on in some way, especially as the larva so often quits its case partially or
completely. The arrangement of these processes with chitinous plates outside, and
soft tissue within, is a peculiar one, not exactly like any other observed by reporter,
except in A del idee.

The head is black, with various longish hairs, jaws brown, the two terminal
divisions of maxillae with a row of processes and hairs eight or nine in number.
The second joint of antennas carries a very long hair, a small process or mammilla,
and third joint, which again carries a fleshy mammilla and two hairs. The labium
has a large spinneret between the palpi. The true legs are strong, consist of the
usual basal plate and three joints, which taper regularly from base to the terminal
claw, they carry a good many hairs. The claws are well curved, and are accom-
panied by a large " battledoor " palpus, nearly half as long again as the claw, and
spreading out to a width almost equal to its length, it is longitudinally striated, and
its form is very much that of a moth's wing, such as a Pyraustid.

Ventrally the ganglia are very obvious, and the ventral prolegs are represented
each by two rows of hooks. The hooks hardly deserve to be so called, they are
black corneous dots, each with a free point directed from the centre line of the pro-
leg. The proleg itself is merely a fulness of the segment, but has no sort of base,
pedicel, &c.

The numbers of the hooks is very variable and irregular. For example, the
fore and back hooks of the legs in two specimens counted were 4 legs (2 each
specimen) of 7th segment :

2 2 3 O

2 T ~S O

of 8th segment : —

£ s Jt A

4 3 3 2

of 9th segment : —

1_1 s. i s.

+ 3 3 3

of 10th segment : —

e U a. js

O 8 4 3

A specimen in water on a slide shows the whole internal anatomy, the cardiac
vessel and circulation, the nervous chord and ganglia, the whole of the ramifications
of the tracheal system to great minuteness, the intestinal canal, various glands,
tubes, &c.

The young larva in its first (and second) instar exactly resembles the adult
larva, except that there do not appear to be any hooks to the prolegs, if prolegs
indeed exist, and that the claws of the well-developed true legs are very curved,
almost sickle-shaped. The four teeth of the jaws are also, perhaps, much larger
proportionally.

Pupa— The pupa is very delicate and pale, but has brown chitinous coloration
of the very numerous dorsal spicules, and to some degree of the appendage cases.
It is 3-5 mm. in length, and -66 mm. broad, and fairly cylindrical.

The segments 7, 3, 9, 10, abdominal, are fixed in the female, 8, 9, 10 in the
male. The first abdominal segment is almost certainly fixed, the second appears to
be so, but has an armament of dorsal spines almost like those following. I detect

98 [May'

no definite proof that it becomes free in dehiscence. The appendages all lie in their
proper places, but are displaced so readily that their agglutination is most flimsy,
but certainly exists. They spread freely on dehiscence : 2—7, and more slightly 8,
abdominal have an abundant dorsal armature of spines covering the whole surface.
Their arragement tends to be alternating in successive rows, but irregularly so ;
sometimes a direct row of six from front to back of a segment may be counted ; or,
again, ten in a decidedly oblique row, each somewhat overlapping the next ;
counting as well as one can, sometimes in direct, sometimes in oblique rows, there
are 30 — 30 rows across a segment. On 2nd segment they are very decidedly more
sparse, and broader and shorter than on the other segments, in agreement with its
actual or approximate fixity. They all lie very flatly to the surface, with the sharp
point directed backwards. The anal armature consists of two lateral blunt points.
From a little below the spiracles the whole ventral aspect is finely spiculate, as well
as much of the dorsal areas of 8 — 10.

The head piece has a strong bristle at the base of each antenna; a large tri-
angular piece (with rounded angles) as labrnm, with two bristles at its base on
either side, cheek and eye-pieces wide from side to side, but narrow from above
down; eye-pieces not separating, in fact the whole pupa coheres on dehiscence,
except for the opening for emergence, labium and palpi well developed. Maxilla
pointed, rather broader, and rather shorter than labial palpi. Max. palpi very long,
extending outwards and returning superficially back as far as edge of maxilla.
Dorsal head-piece small, flimsy, triangular, but quite definite. Prothorax a narrow
transverse stripe, prothoracic spiracle very large, in a finely speculated area dipping
between pro- and ineso-thorax.

Mesothorax with a small bristle near middle line, and a stronger further out.
Metathorax with strong outer bristles, inner very small, sometimes wanting. 1st
abdominal small, smooth, without bristles, spines or spicules. It has a good
spiracle hidden away beneath hind-wings. Abdominal spiracles, 2, 3, 4, 5, 0 very
obvious, circle 7 not too distinct, 8th only a scar. On abdominal segments 2 — 7
bristles II and III are very distinct, and III on 8th, none on 9 or 10.

Below the mouth parts ami between the 1st legs is an unusually wide area
occupied by base of 1st (and 2nd) legs. The wings extend to 6th abdominal seg-
ment, the 2nd legs a little shorter, and the 3rd rather longer; the abdominal
surface is not attached to them, hut is impressed to receive them. The antenna3 of
the female pupa extend nearly to end of wings, in the male to end of pupa, or even
just beyond ; they are even less firmly fixed than the other appendages.

In emerging the pupa breaks through the weak valvular opening of the end of
the case, and projects from if, being held during the escape of the moth by the
elastic margins of the case, by about the 6th abdominal segment, it remains pro-
jecting so afterwards, and, pale and flimsy as it looks, is fairly solid, and maintains
its position under some ill-usage, and when removed by any accident from the case
maintains its rotundity and expansion as much as is usual in "incomplete" pupa-.

Imago. — The imago has long antennae, longer in the $ than in the J , 39 — 42
joints in the ? , 45 — 46 in the ,? . There are some scales dorsally on the first three
joints, but beyond the joints are rather densely clothed all round with rather short
dark hairs. A minute transparent spot occurs at one side of each joint about its

ioo2.i . 99

centre, whether this is related to the "window " in the joints of Micropteryx, or
whether it marks where a scale lias fallen off, is impossible to say, but T have never
been able to detect a scale on any antenna! joint, beyond the two or three basal
ones. The maxillary palpi are long, slender, extend outwards, and consist of five
joints, of which the fourth is much longer than the others. The labial palpi are
three-jointed ; there is a round projection (mandible ?) above base of maxillary
palpi. Haustellum not observed.

Anterior tibiae with spines about one-fourth its length, arising tln-ee-fifths from
base of tibia, beautifully curved and fringed, apparently same in both sexes.
Neuration as in /. muscalella, except that in fore-wing nerves are evanescent over
the whole area of end of cell, and lb is simple at base, and la absent. Hind-wing
practically as in /. muscalella ; frenulum in $? of two hairs, beyond the frenulum
the costa carries several long hairs.

S appendages, valves divide into a wide rounded process, and a narrower,
sharper one carrying a very strong bristle or baton, jointed at its base.

Ovipositor as in Adela as regards having lost the ventral plate of 7th abdominal
segment, which persists in I. muscalella (both ventral and dorsal plates of 7 exist
in Eriocrania), otherwise very similar to that of Incurvaria, with a grand fringe of
bristles along margin of last ventral plate.

One does not, without some trepidation, venture to disagree with
Dr. Arnold Spuler on any question of neuration. Yet I would venture
to submit the following: — In an essay in the Classification of the
Tineae, in the Verhandlungen der Deutsehen Zool. Gesells, 1898,
p. 161, he states that he has found in Crinopteryx familiella a form
which shows the reduction of vein IT of the hind-wing in several
progressive forms. The importance of the statement being due to the
fact that such forms as he figures, are supposed to make Crinopteryx a
connecting link between the Palceo and Neo-Lepidoptera. He gives
three figures, one of which (Fig. 13) is a not remarkable ordinary
neuration for a Neo-Lepidopterous hind-wing. This one, he states
however, to be an aberration. Now, it so happens, that I have
prepared a number of hind-wings for examination, and have also
looked over some dozens of unprepared imagines, and have met with
none that seemed to promise, that after proper preparation, they
would show any deviation from the type. This type is precisely the
aberration of Dr. Spuler above referred to. This is unquestionably,
overwhelmingly, the most frequent neuration of the hind-wing in
Grinopteryx. I have met with no trace of any other. It is indeed
remarkable that I have not done so, seeing that it is really rare to
meet with no neurational variations, if sufficient specimens of almost
any species be examined. But Dr. Spuler calls this an aberration.
Why? One can only guess that he had very few examples before
him ; and this is the more likely, as the species is not abundant in

H 2

100 [May>

duplicate boxes. Had he examined even a few, he would have
recognised this one as typical — not only typical of Crinopteryx, but
also purely Neo-Lepidopterous. Then there is his Fig. 12, which he
figures as the ordinary neuration of Crinopteryx. I have never met
with this. But further, it looks to me to be an entirely impossible
neuration, except as a monstrosity.

In examining the tracheae in the pupal state, of many species,
and I have just looked over a number of photographs of these, and
have referred to Dr. Spuler's ' Dissertation," 1892, to confirm my
memory, one finds that the vein Dr. Spuler marks in Fig 12 and
Fig. 13 as II 4 and 5, is most certainly III l, and that his 111 i, of
Fig. 12 is an impossible vein, and must therefore be an accidental
fold of wing membrane, made in preparing the specimen. Whether
it be a monstrosity or be an accident in preparing the specimen, it is
difficult to understand how Dr. Spuler took it for the ordinary form
in Crinopteryx, which it certainly is not, whatever else it may be.
Paucity of material, one again guesses. His Fig. 13 is still more
difficult to accept. It is confessedly drawn from a fragment of wing,
how broken not stated, and is like nothing neurational T ever heard
of. I am forced to conclude that, having inadequate material, Dr.
Spuler made some erroneous observations, and incautiously accepted
them. The neuration of the hind-wing of Crinopteryx is of an
ordinary Neo-Lepidopterous type. Nor is there any reason to believe it
varies in (or reverts to) the direction of a Palreo-Lepidopterous form,
more often than that of any other species, that is, practically, not at
all.

Generally the pupa is identical with that of Incurvaria, and
agrees even to considerable detail. Compared with muscalella the
head and mouth parts are identical.

The Neo-Lepidopterous character of the fixity of terminal segments
is very definite in both.

The general spiculation of surface is the same ; the circum-
spiracular bristles are more preserved in muscalella; the dorsal arma-
ture is of the same character, but much reduced in muscalella, and is
wanting on 2nd abdominal, but other evidence that this segment is
fixed is no stronger in one pupa than the other.

Muscalella has much more solid chitine, and as a result the
appendages retain their positions after dehiscence, with more solidity,
that they are however, free from the body and from each other, is
shown in the empty pupa case by the case of the hiud-wing being as

1902.] 101

strong and as obvious throughout its whole extent as that of the fore-
wing. In this respect it is more primitive than that of familiella.

The pupal differences are not sufficient to give subfamily rank,
hardly even generic.

The position of Grinopteryx is at about the same level as Incurvaria,
The structure of the pupa shows it to be almost at the same level,
possibly rather below Incurvaria, the second abdominal segment being
perhaps a little less fixed. The loss of sundry bristles is not very
definitive,butis an advance. Thestructure of the ovipositor is distinctly
further removed from that of Eriocrania than that of Incurvaria is.
The neuration suggests that though parallel, they are not on the same
line of development, the want of loop to lb. shows this, and perhaps
points to higher development.

In the Adelidce (roughly equal to Dr. Spuler's Tinece AcuJeatce
in which however he places Nepticula and Tischeria, and some others,
which are not Aculeate).

Grinopteryqince as a subfamily would be of position equal to
Incurvariance at base of family. The Coleophora habit of the larva is
its main claim to subfamily rank, separate from the Incurvariance ;
Phylloporiance, Antispilince, and Lamproniadce, would have an inter-
mediate position, with Adelidce as the highest group.

Grinopteryx would have less claim than Incurvaria to form any
sort of link between Adelidce and Eriocraniadce, and though all fairly
close, it is as abundantly Neo-Lepidopterous, and as free from any
remaining characters of Paheo-Lepidoptera as any of the subfamilies
of Adelidx.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE II.
From Photographs by Mr. F. Noad Clark.

Fig. 1— Larva, ventral aspect, x 20 diams. ; the nervous ganglia and tracheae and the

ventral prologs are seen ; there are no anal prologs.
Figs. 2 and 3— Lateral and dorsal views of pupa case, x 20 diams. ; on fig. 3 one of

the stellate hairs of the Cistus happens to have adhered, having no doubt

broken off the larval sac on emergence.

Fig. 4 — Hind-wing (denuded), x 35 diams., showing neuration, sufficient scales are
left to show the character of the scaling ; in the photograph the
spinous wing points are seen, these do not come out in the plate, the
dots present are points of scale attachment.

Betula, Eeigate :

January, 1902.

P.S. (22"3"1902).— My larva; raised here have enabled me to note
that in fixing its case for aestivation and pupation the larva closes the

102 [May,

head end after fixing it to some object if a suitable one is available,
and then makes the other extremity the exit end, a reversal precisely
the same as occurs in Psychidce and Coleophorce. It closes this end
by a portion of silk that protrudes beyond the valves as a white line,
and admits of being easily ruptured from within.

In case-bearing Adelidce generally the two ends of the case are
usually so much alike that the question of whether the larva so re-
verses itself for pupation must be diilicult to investigate ; I am not
aware of any answer having been given to it. — T. A. C.

TWO NEW SL'ECIES OF HEMIPTE11A-HETERUPTERA FROM SPAIN.
BY VROF. O. M. EEUTEE.

The two insects described were found by Mr. G. C. Champion
during his recent expedition to Central Spain, and the specific names
adopted have been suggested by him.

1. PlEZOSTETHUS TERKICOLA, Sp. 11.

Niger, laavis, niteus ; antennis totis femoribusque nigro-piceis,
tibiis tarsisque sat obscure testaceis, tibiis posticis interdumquc etiain
anterioribus basi saepe picescentibus ; hemielytris piceis, clavo, em-
bolio cuneoque nigris, forma? bracbyptera? basin segmenti .tertii abdo-
minis attingentibus, dimidio basali sutura? clavi discrete, cuneo corio
circiter triplo breviore, distincte leviter declivi, membrana angustis-
sima lineari ; tibiis ppstice tenuiter spinulosis, tenuissime et brevis-
sime parce pubescentibus, pilis exsertis destitutis ; riina orificiorum
metastethii in angulum leviter obtusum curvata, mox ante marginem
basalem pleurae abbrcviata. Long., If — \ mm.

This species was found at AJbarracin under stones on a high
ridge clothed with pines, in company with Galeatus, Acalypta, Ag-
ramma, &c.

P. oblujuo, Costa, valde afiinis, differt tamen hemielytris piceis
nee albovariegatis tibiisque pilis exsertis destitutis ; P. cursitante,
Fall., minor, obscurior, magis nitens, antennis obscurioribus, arti-
culo secundo breviore (spatio intcroculari verticis distincte breviore),
ultimis nigro-piceis, hemielytris forma? brachyptera? paullo longioribns,
obscurioribus, sub-hevibus (omnium tenuissime parcius punctulatis),
sutura clavi saltern dimidio basali discreta, cuneo brevi sed discreto et
leviter declivi divergens.

1902.] 103

2. Nasocoeis ephedkje, sp. n.

Capite, pronoto scutelloque fuscis, fronte clypeoque albido-fiaven-
tibus, ilia utrinque fusceseenti-Iineata ; capite pronotoque pilis intri-
catis argenteis vestitis, his pilis pronoti vittas tree longitudinales
formantibus ; articulo primo antennarum ferrugineo, latitudiui capitis
inter apices oculorum aeque longo, crasso, dense et longe plumbeo-
nigro-piloso, articulis reliquis gracilibus, albidis, tertio secundo dis-
tincte paullo longiore, quarto prime aeque longo ; capite fortiter
nutante, clypeo fortiter proininente, uiargine antice setulis clavatis
pi umbel's dense instructo ; pronoto basi longitudiue circiter duplo
latiore, apice basi fere duplo angustiore ; bemielytris stramineis
vel interdum levissime in fuscescens vergentibus, brevitcr sat dense
minus teuuiter aureo-pubeseentibus, membrana sat obscure fumata,
venis obscurioribus ; femoribus t'uscescentibus, tibiis et tarsis albidis,
i 1 lis albo-spiuulosis et subtiliter fusco-punctatis, anticis albo-pilosis.

Long., <J, 3|,- ?, 3^ mm.

Found at Albarraein on Ephedra nebrodensis.

A speciebus duabus adhuc cognitis tibiis fusco-punctatis mox dis-
tinguendus, a N. argyrotricho, Kent, (e Kossia meridionali et Turkes-
tan) colore paullo obscuriore, antennarum articulo primo obscurius
pilose, tertio secundo distincte paullo longiore, clypeo paullo minus
proininente, pubescentia hemielytrorum breviore sed minus tenui,
aurea, femoribus fuscescentibus ; a N~. platycarcnoide, Mont, (ex
Algeria), statura minore, colore obscuriore, capite magis declivi, pro-
noto fortius transverso, bemielytris aureo-pubescentibus,etc.,divergens.
Helsingfors : March, 1902.

A NEW GENUS OF GELECHIADJE.
I3T E. MEYBICK, B.A., F.Z S.

Whilst working out the Gelechiadce of Australia, 1 came to the
conclusion that a new genus should be founded for the following
cosmopolitan species ; and my friend Mr. A. Busck, of the United
States Department of Agriculture, who agrees that the genus is valid,
has courteously requested me to publish it at once, as he wishes to
adopt it in a forthcoming paper of his own.

PHTHOEIM.EA, n. g.

Head smooth ; tongue developed. Antennae -?-, in $ filiform, simple, basal
joint elongate, without pecten. Labial palpi long, recurved, second joint expanded

104 cMay.

with rough projecting scales beneath, terminal joint as long as second, loosely
scaled, acute. Posterior tibise clothed with long hairs above. Fore-wings : 2 and
3 remote, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from middle of cell. Hind-wings 1, tra-
pezoidal, apex produced, acute, ternicn bisinuatc, cilia lj ; in £ with long pencil
of hairs lying along costa from base beneath fore-wings ; 3 and 4 connate, 6 and 7
remote, nearly parallel.

Type P. opcrculclla, Zell., Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1873, 2G2,
pi. iii, 17 ; solanella, Boisd., J. B. Soc. Centr. Hurt, 1874 (Nov.) ;
Meyr., Trans. N. Zeal. Inst., 1885, 1GG.

I am indebted to Mr. A. Busck for tbe identification of Zeller's
operculella witb this insect ; be was good enough to get permission
for one of Zeller's American types to be forwarded to me for con-
firmation, which I was able to give without hesitation. The species
is now very widely distributed ; it is common in Australia and New
Zealand, and Boisduval described it from Algeria, but it is probable
that North America is its place of origin. It is everywhere very de-
structive to the potato, in the tubers of which it feeds, and I have no
doubt whatever that it will some day be found in England as an in-
troduced species, though climatic circumstances are perhaps not
favourable to its permanent establishment.

Elmswood, Marlborough :
April, 1902.

TWO NEW PAL^EAKCTIC SPECIES OF ASTATUS.
BY THE REV. F. D. MORICE, M.A., F.E.S.

The following two species of Astaius appear to me sufficiently
distinct to be described as new, though 1 am a little unwilling to
increase the synonymy of this puzzling genus.

To explain my remarks as to their antennae, I may say that in
A. boo])s, iSehr., and also in A. minor, Kohl, the intermediate joints of
the J antennae are more dilated beneath in their basal and apical
thirds than in their middles. In other words the dilatation is
emaryinate, or it might be described as double — a basal and an apical
dilatation, separated from each other by a central sinus. This, though
a minute character, is not difficult to recognise, and appears to be
constant in the species named above ; but I can see nothing of the
kind in A. stigma, Pz., nor in either of the species now to be described.

1. ASTATUS PELOPS, 11. S}).

<J. Niger, abdominis basi rufa, antice albopilosus. A. boopi, Schr., similis, sed
tegulis tuberculisquc humeralibus albis, tibiis anticis antice obscure rufescentibus.

1902.] 105

Clypei apex fortius quam in boope reflexo-productus, nonnibil rotund atus.
Frons infra oeellum anticum valde turgida, sulco angusto sed profunde itnpresso
longitudinaliter divisa. Antennarum articuli intermedii infra in medio ne minium
quidcin einarginati. Alarum superiorum vena transverso-cubitalis prima venae
bewail (non ut in boope venae recur rent i. prima;) fere parallela ; unde multo minor
fit cellnla cubitalis secunda, neque est ea infra (ut in boope) cellulse eubitali primoe
latitudine subrequalis sed multo angustior, tertian vero panic requalis.

Abdominis seginentum primum dorsale erebrius fortiusque subprofunde punc-
tatum. Pili abdominis apieales baud albi sed plus minusve nigricantes.

Long., 1 1 mill.

Morawitz describes his tegularis (from Mongolia) as having white
tegular, but the rest of his description does not at all suit the present
insects. In macula/us, Hud. (" uiaculis callosa, subalari, hunierali,
eburneis ") the abdomen would seem to be black, the tegula? are not
mentioned. In Miegii, Duf., the tubercles are white, but the tegulre
are called nigro-fuscous, and the abdomen seems to be impunctate —
at least it is spoken of as simply " laevigatus." Of scapularis, Kohl,
also a species with white tubercles, only the ? is known, which makes
a comparison of it with my species not easy. But I see no reason to
think they are identical. Scapularis $ is described as having an
emarginate clypeus, and as resembling hoops $ in the alar neuration
and the structure of the antenna? ; the tegulrc do not seem to be white,
nor the brow unusually swollen, nor the abdominal puncturation re-
markable. After making all due allowance for sexual difference, it
still seems unlikely that Pelops can be the missing £ of scapularis.

The peculiar structure of the frons and the clypeus, the strongly
punctured base of the abdomen, and the narrow 2nd submarginal cell,
together with the clear ivory-white tegulre and tubercles, make
Pelops <$ a very distinct and easily recognised insect.

Two of its characters (the swollen frons and the neuration)
might suggest that we are dealing after all with a Homogambrus ! But
that is certainly not so. A. Pelops has the simple mandibles, the dis-
tinct round ocelli, etc., and in short, all the essential characters, as
well as uumistakeably the fades of an Astatus ; and to that genus
beyond all question it belongs.

I took two males at Olympia (10th — 11th May, 1901) but could
find no female.

The locality has suggested to me the name proposed, the hero
Pelops having been specially connected with Olympia (see Pindar's
First Olympian Ode). It is also a curious coincidence that both
Virgil and Pindar call Pelops " distinguished by his ivory shoulder" —
just as is the present insect.

106 P^y-

2. ASTATUS MASSILIENSIS, n. Sp.

$ . Niger, antice albo-pilosus, pedibus maximam partem rufis. Ab A. boope,
Sclir., differt abdomine lolo nigro, tibiis tarsisque omnibus lsete rufis, thorace (etiam
basi scutelli !) crebrius punctato pi'optereaque minus uitido, antennarum articulis
intermediis infra fortius sod simpliciter (baud emarginate) dilatatis, abdomine infra
brevius subfusco-piloso. Long., 13 ndll.

One $ taken at Marseille, 27th June, 1898: Ilerr Kohl told me
that there was a similar specimen (from Oran) in the Vienna
Hofmuscum.

This species is not distinguished by quite such satisfactory
characters as the last. I see nothing in the clypeus or wings, except
that the latter are unusually clear, to separate it from boops. The
antenna-, however, are certainly different, and the combination of a
black abdoinen with red tibia) and tarsi gives it a very distinct
appearance. It cannot well be luiicohr, Lep., for that is described as
having the legs and the hairs of the thorax black. Nor does it agree
with a specimen 1 have seen from Corsica, labelled " piceus, Costa,"
which (inter alia) has the sinuated antennal dilatations of hoops, and
is, I suspect, only a black form of that species. In massiliensis the
dilatations are strong, but with a quite simply convex (not sinuated)
outline. Nor — teste auctore ipso — is it carbonarius, Kohl, which further
is described as identical structurally with loops.

Brunswick, Woking :

February, 1902.

<) DINER US BIFASCIATU1S, Linn.,
AN ADDITION TO THE LIST OF BRITISH RYMEJSOPTERA.

BY EDWAItD SAUJynEUS, E.L.S.

I have had in my collection for some time, i. e., since 1SSJ5, a
series of this wasp mixed up with O. sinuatus, Fab. Nearly all my
specimens were taken by Mr. W. II. Tuck at Tostock, near Bury St.
Edmund's, some in 1895 and others in 1897 ; but I possess one indi-
vidual, which formed part of Shuckard's collection, and was included
by him also under sinuatus. In general facies the species are
very much alike, but they may be distinguished by the following
characters :•—

Tbe postpetiole of the first segment of the abdomen in bifasciatus, i. e., that
portion beyond the basal transverse ridge, is distinctly more quadrate and less cone
shaped than in sinuatus, being shorter, and wider at the base than in that species,

1902.) 107

the sides diverge from the basal ridge much less rapidly, the general effect being
that the postpetiole of bifasciatus looks, and is, distinctly broader than long, whereas
that of ninuatus looks longer than wide, although actually the apical margin is
longer than the length of the postpetiole ; the longitudinal fovea of the dise in
hi fascia! us is also less defined than in sinuatus ; besides these structural characters
the pronotura is entirely black, the legs are less ornamented with yellow, and the
abdominal bands are slightly narrower.

St. Ann's, Woking :

April 8tk, 1902.

NOTES AND QUERIES ON MR. VERRALL'S LIST OF BRITISH
DIPTERA, SECOND EDITION.

13Y 0. W. DALE, F.E.S.

1. — Why is Typhlopsylla assimilis, Tasch., Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxvii, p. 1 70,
xxviii, p. 67, relegated to the reputed list ?

2. -Where lias the Hon. N. Rothschild described his species of Pu/icidce?

3. — Why is Pericoma punctum, Eaton, omitted ?

4. — Is not Mycetophild ornata, Steph., an older name for M. lutescens, Zett.,
and M. zonula, Steph., a synonym of Rhymosia fasciata, Mg. ? They were both
figured and described by Stephens in 1835.

5. — Is not Culex concinnus, figured and described by Stephens, a synonym of
C. lateralis, Mg. ?

6. — Why is Culex guttatus, Mg., figured by Curtis, omitted ?

7. — Why is the pretty Cecidomyia pictipennis, Mg., omitted ? It was included
in ■Curtis's Guide on the strength of specimens taken by my father here in February.

8. — Is not Diomyza pulchra, Mg., figured by Stephens, a synonym of Lasio-
ptera rubi, Schr. ?

9. — Is not Chironomus dolens, Wlk., a synonym of C, ant Ar acinus, Zett. ?

10. — Why is Chironomus tarsalis, Wlk., omitted, and C. modicellus, Wlk., in
the reputed list ? They both occur here ; they are both probably only synonymic
names, but of what species ?

11. — -Why is the old genus Ceratopogon kept in one heterogenous mass, whilst
Cecidomyia, Tachina, Anthomyia, &e., have been so cut up ? Surely the following
generic names ought to be again adopted : Spkceromyia, Curt., type fascial us, Mg.,
== albomarginatus, Curt. ; Culicoides, Ltr., type pulicarius, L. ; Serromyia, Mg.,
type femoratus, Mg. ; Forcipomyia, Mg., type bipunctatus, L.

12. — The larva; of F. bipunctatus live under the bark of elm ; and the larvae of
Scatopse albitarsis in the pith of the burdock.

13. — There is a third species of Xiphura — ruficornis, Mg. It is a slightly
'larger species than A", nigricomis, Mg.,but the chief distinction lies in the antennae.
Those of nigricomis are entirely black, but of ruficornis only the basal joint is
black, the remaining portion being red. My specimens of ruficornis came from
Rannoch and North Wales. Nigricomis appears to be confined to the New Forest.

108 [May>

Ik — The species of Orimarga winch occurs on the South Devon coast is not
virgo, Zett., but apparently juvenilis, Zett., but at present the question is not quite
cleared up.

15. —Why is Xysta vana, Mg., Enfc. Mo. Mag., vol. xxxi, p. 212, omitted ?

16. — Is not AnomcBa permundus, Harris, an older name for A. antica, W. ?

17. — -The larvaa of Heteroneura albimana, Mg., live in rotten wood. I have
bred the species from little red pupae.

18. — Why is Masicera virilis, Rnd., Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. v, n. s., p. 157,
omitted ?

19. — Is not Pocota personatua, Harris, an older name for P. apiformis, Schrk.?
Moses Harris' work was published in 1786, and it is probable tbat many of his
names will have to be re-instated.

20. — I think it is a pity (and, perhaps, all Dipterists will agree with me) that
Mr. Verrall did not adopt Baron Osten Sackcu's grouping of the families of the Nemo-
cera, Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. ii, n. s., p. 39. The position of the Bibionidm and
Simulidee in his list appears to be most radically wrong.

21. — Why is not Siphona placed near or next to Prosena, to which it appears
much allied ? I have a third species of it — -a tiny little fellow.

Glanvillcs Wootton :

February 25tk, 1902.

REPLY TO MR. DALE'S QUERIES.
BY G. II. VERIiALL, F.KS.

Through the courtesy of the Editors 1 am enabled to reply at
once to Mr. Dale's enquiries.

I invite and desire criticisms of my " List of British " Diptera,
because such action must conduce to making any subsequent " List "
more correct.

I will answer Mr. Dale's queries as shortly as possible, and take
them in the order he has numbered them.

1. — Typhlopsylla assimilis, Tasch. According to Rothschild (Nov. Zool.,
v, 539) this species was introduced by Saunders in mistake for 7T. agyrtes, Heller
(misprinted in my List as T. agertes), and I have consequently relegated it to the
reputed List.

2. — Nov. Zool., v and vii, and Ent. Record.

3. — Pericoma punctum, Eaton. Where has it been described? I know nothing
of such a species. I can hardly imagine Eaton naming a species "punctum."

4. — I do not profess to know M. lute.scens, Zett. ; I think I possess M. omata,
Steph., in numbers, but I am very uncertain about its nomenclature. As to
M. zonata, Steph., I do not know it, but if a synonym of Rhymosia fasciata, Meig.,
Meigen's name has about twenty years priority. I have said in my preface that the
Mycetophilidce are still in a most unfinished condition.

5. — I do not know. Theobald in his recent Monograph omits the species
entirely. I have a MS. note that it is a synonym of C. ornatus, Meig.

1902.] 109

6. — C. guttatus, Curt., has long been accepted as a synonym of C. nemorosus,
Meig.

7. — Cecidomyia pictipennis, Meig., remains where it was in my List of 1888.
Walker did not include it as British in 1856.

8. — It is, according to MS. notes of mine, and I expect that is the reason that
I included L. rubi, Schrk., in my List of 1888.

9. — It is possible ; but C. dolens, Wlk., is apparently an Orthocladius, while
Zetterstedt's name would sink as a synonym, on the ground of priority, if the two
should prove to be the same species. I possess a distinct Chironomus, which I have
been calling C. anthracinus, Zett.

10. — Chironomus tarsa/is, Wlk , and C. modicellus, Wlk., are in the expurgated
List as being merely encumbrances. They have never yet been " described," and
therefore it is impossible to say of what species they are synonyms.

11. — Ceratopogon is a most remarkably homogeneous genus, and all attempts
to divide it have been failures. When Winnertz monographed the Mgcetop/iilidee,
he made scores of new genera, but in his exquisite monograph of Ceratopogon he
recognised that he was dealing with a large natural genus. Some recent further
attempts by an inexperienced French author would place numerous males in one of
his so-called genera, and the females in another genus. If Mr. Dale will give us
thoroughly reliable characters (distinguishing, without doubt, in all species) of
Sphreromyia, Culicoides, Serromgia, and Forcipomgia, he will grant a great boon to
Dipterologists, because for some seventy years we have been searching for those
clear distinctions.

12. — Nothing to do with my " List."

13. — Xiphura rujicornit, Meig., was more than fifty years ago accepted as a
synonym of the very variable X. atrata, L.

14. — As Mr. Dale says "at present the question is not quite cleared up." I
consider the distinctive characters of the European species of Orimarga still very
uncertain.

15. — Xgsta cana, Meig., v. Phasia Rothi, Zett. ; see Austen, Ent. Mo. Mag.,
xxxiv, 39.

16. — If Moses Harris had described a Mitsca permundus I would have
accepted his name, but unfortunately he did not do so. The name he gave is
inadmissible, as it is not Latin.

17. — Nothing to do with my " List."

18. — I suppose Masieera virilis, Rnd., was omitted because I had not the
vaguest idea what species was intended. When Meade could return Sarcophaga
carnaria to an enquirer as a fine new species of Masieera (as I am assured he did)
I do not think that he understood the limits of the genus.'

19. — See British Flies (Sgrphidte) pp. 589 and 633. I only re-instate Moses
Harris' names when they are indisputable ; in this case there is doubt which can
never be cleared up.

20. —Baron Osten Sacken has himself said that lie does not expect his proposed
changes to be adopted without long consideration, and possibly modification after
they have been well tested. I desired to make as little change as possible from my
"List" of 1888, though I can foresee many changes probable, but I hope gradual,
such as (pace Osten Sacken) Rhyphus and Leptis next to each other.

110 [Mayi

21. — Siphona is placed as Brauer awl Bergenstamm placer! it, and they knew
more about Tachinides than anybody else in the world. As to Mr. Dale having a
third species, I dare say I could produce a thirteenth species, but 1 am not satisfied
with the distinctions and the nomenclature. Anyhow Siphona, which in our old
arrangement was a Tachinid, can have no relationship to Prosena which was a
Dexid.

I take this opportunity of noting a few corrections to my "List."

Ditomt/ia fasciata has been given to me by Rev. E. N. Bloomfield, through a
specimen taken by Mr. W. H. Tuck, at Tostock, near Bury St. Edmunds, in May,
1898, and consequently the species may now be considered truly British.

Chironomus fuscipennis, Mg., ought not to have been in italics. I caught a
female at Boxhill in 18fi7, and one at Colwich in 1889, and I possess a third female
from Painswick, taken by Mr. C. J. Watkins, which was also caught in 1889.

TheriopJectes luridus, Fallen ; several females of this well marked species were
taken by Col. Yerbury at Nethy Bridge, in June, 1900. Even though this species
was amongst our " reputeds," I believe this to be the first genuine record.

Chilosia carbon aria, Egger, was accidentally omitted from the " List."

Syrphus torvux is not S. topiarius, Mg., but .S'. topiarius A not. S. topiarius,
Meigen, was only -1?. vitripennis, Meigen.

Chrysochlamys rufteornis, F., may have the italics removed, as Mr. F. C. Adams
has taken two specimens.

Wyalurgus lucidus, Mg. This very distinct Tachinid has been taken by Dr. J.
H. Wood, who gave me two specimens, from Ashperton Park (July 12th, 1899) and
Woolhope (July 3rd, 1899). It was sent to me as Newor&a rubriea, Mg., but I
could only reply that it was not a, Nemorrea at all, though what it, was I could not
then say.

Hyetodesia vagans, Fallen, is a true British species. The record given bv Mr.
B.C.Bradley is quite correct, and 1 have seen his specimens. 1 had previously
caught and correctly named one female, but hatl distrusted my own identification.

Sussex Lodge, Newmarket :
March, 1902.

Acletoxenus syrphoides, Frnfd., at "Lyndhurst. — Recently, when looking over
some unnamed Dipfera, I noticed two which strongly reminded me of the beautiful
illustration of this fly by Mr. Edwin Wilson, published in vol. xxxviii of this
Magazine, and a reference to same, aided by the very lucid description given by
Mr. Collin, leaves no doubt in my mind of their identity. I can therefore record
the capture of a J on September 19th, 1898, and .a 9 on July 15th, 1900, both in
my garden at the above place. — F. C. Adams, ")i», .Ashley Gardens, S.W. : March
29M, 1902.

Chrysochlamys ruficornis, F., in (he New Forest (supplementary). — Since the
publication in the April number of this Magazine of my " Notes on Diptera in the
New Forest during 1901," 1 have come to the conclusion the capture of C. ruficornis,
F., for identification of which I am indebted to Mr. Verrall and his nephew Mr.

1902.1 HI

Collin, ought to be specially recorded. I possess two specimens of this fly, one
having been taken some years hack in my garden at Lyndhurst on July Kith, and
placed in my cabinet at the time as doubtful C. rupZcornis, where it was overlooked
until I took the other on April 25th, 1901. I exhibited both at Mr. Yen-all's
Meeting of the Entomological Club, held January 14th, 1902, and as (here was still
some doubt about the specific name, left them with Mr. Collin, who kindly promised
further examination, and he recently returned them as undoubted ruficornis, F., an
opinion which was confirmed by Mr. Yen-all ; the former also wrote " this is an
interesting capture, as it confirms Mr. Yen-all's conjectures in British Flies (Syr-
phida), page 627."— In. : April 3rd, 1902.

Dipterous parasite of Acanthopsyche atra, L. (opace/la, H.-S.).—Jn my note
in the Ent. Mo. Mag., 1901, pp. 62 and 127, I was unable to give the name of this
parasite. Some flies bred from A. atra, and almost certainly the same specie-- re-
ferred to in these notes, are determined by Mr. Collin to be St om atomy ia Jilipalpis,
Riul., which has been recorded fo have been bred from Psyche yraminella and
unicolor (names which are synonymous), a fact that confirms my suggestion that
the control of the parasite over the instincts of its victim had not been learned on
atra only. Acanthopsyche opacella, H.-S., must now be called A. atra, L., the
Linnean type having been uncart lied by Mr. Prout.— T. A. Chapman, Betula,
Reigate : April, 1902.

Lathrohium atripalpe. Sharp, and other Coieoptera in North Yorkshire. — It
may interest Coleopterists to learn of the occurrence of a few somewhat rare beetles
in North Yorkshire during 1901. When collecting in Upper Teesdale in September
I took a specimen of the rare Lathrohium atripalpe, Sharp, under a stone on the
high moor near Cronkley. In Saltburn Wood I beat a single Anaspis Oarneysi,
Fowler, from whitethorn blossom in June ; whilst Tthagonycha unicolor, Curt, (in
July), and Malthodes miselliis, Kies. (in June), were swept from herbage in the
same locality. At Saltburn, too, Homalota frayilis, Er., was found running over
the mud on the margin of a stream in July, but I only captured one specimen.
Two " notes " appeared in this Magazine during last year on the habitat of Dryo-
philus pitsillus, Gyll., one by Dr. J. Harold Bailey, and the other by Mr. F. H.
Day. This species is common in Saltburn Wood in June, but I have only, as yet,
observed the insect on larches. — M. LAWSON Thompson, 35, Leven Street, Saltburn-
by-the-Sea: March Mlh, 1902.

[The specimen of Anaspis Oarneysi referred to is a male, and is easily verified
hy the characters of the third ventral segment of the abdomen in this sex, which is
much elongated, and is furnished with two rather stout and widely separated ap-
pendages, which are strongly curved inwards towards one another, and enclose
between them an almost circular smooth and shining space. The species is probably
not uncommon, but is overlooked, as it closely resembles A. frontalis, from which it
may lie known by the somewhat longer and more slender antenna1 and more evident
sculpture, and also by the colour of the legs; it has occurred at Ditton, Horsell,
Ashtead, Claygate, Mickleham, Cowley, Loughton, Darenth Wood, New Forest,
Tewkesbury, &C.-W. W. P.].

112 [May,

Tachys parvu/us, Dej., at Horsell. — Amongst a number of common Coleoptera
captured on the wing to-day — the first really fine day this year — I was agreeably
surprised, on emptying the bottle in the evening, to find a specimen of Tachys parvu-
lus, Dej. It has quite recently been recorded from the New Forest (Ent. Mo. Mag.,
xxxviii, p. 65).— G. C. Champion, Horsell, Woking : April 13th, 1902.

Sirex juvencus, L , in Paternoster Row, London. — On the Eth inst. a very lively
9 of Sirex juvencus was caught in an office in Paternoster Row ; it is still living.
Probably it had emerged from a continental packing ease. — R. MoLachlan, Lewis-
ham, London : April 17th, 1902.

A black variety of Hoi ocentr opus picicornis, Steph. (Trichoptera) from South-
West Ireland. — Col. Yerbury gave me a small black Trichopteron from Parknasilla
(Co. Kerry) which he took on July 13th, 1901. At first sight it resembles a small
Silo or large Bercea, but examination proved it to be a Holocentropus, with no
structural characters to distinguish it from H. picicornis. The wings are totally
black, with the pubescence of the anterior slightly rusty (which will probably in-
tensify with age), the antennae without annulations. Mr. Morton agrees with me
that the appendages (it is a £ ) show no difference, and Mr. King informs me that
he has not met with a similar variety in the Killarney district, where he has done
much collecting. As is so often the case in parallel instances only this one example
was taken : in fact, Col Yerbury brought only two specimens of Trichoptera from
the district, this and a (J of Sericostoma personatum, Sp. In my " Monographic
Revision and Synopsis," p. 403, I say of IT. picicornis that some examples have the
anterior wings " nearly black, without markings." I possess no such old specimen
now, and feel sure the words were not intended to apply to so black a form as that
noticed above. — Id. : April 5th, 1902.

A few Trichoptera from West Cornwall. — It may be well to place on record the
following species captured by me between May 20th and June 6th, 1901 : —

Leptocerus cinereus, Curt., Lizard ; Adicella reducta, McLach., Lelant, Porthon-
stock ; Dipleclronafelix, McLach., St. Ives, Lelant, Porthonstock ; Philopotamus
wont anus, Don., St. Ives ; Wormaldia occipitalis, Piot., St. Ives, Lelant, Porthon-
stock ; Plectrocnemia geniculata, McLach., St. Ives ; Polycentropus favomaculatus,
Pict., Porthonstock ; Tinodes wceneri, L., a small form, Lizard ; T. assimilis, McLach.,
Porthonstock ; Rhyacophila dorsalis, Curt., St. Ives ; Ayapetus fuscipes, Curt., St.
Tves, Lelant.— W. C. Boyd, Cheshunt : April, 1902.

Historical Notes on Lyca-na Acts in Britain. — I have read, and with interest,
Mr. Dale's " Historical Notes on Lyccena (Polyommatus in my day) Acis" in the
April No. of the Ent. Mo. Mag., p. 76. I see my name mentioned as having taken
Ads in Gloucestershire as follows : — " Two at Lower Guiting, on the Cotswolds, by
the Rev. J. Greene in the beginning of July, 1849 " (Zoologist, vol. x, p. 3494).
The capture is correct, but the date of the year and the month of the capture are
alike wrong. The reference to vol. x of the "Zoologist" (published 1852) is
" List of Lepidoptera on the Cotswolds, Gloucestershire," written and sent by

1902.] 11B

myself to the Editor in 1853, when 1 was at Halt-on, Bucks. The fourth on the
List is " P. Acis, scarce, two, end of June." There is no gear mentioned, and the
month is June not July. Where Mr. Dale got his dates I know not; but it is
sufficient evidence of their being wrong that I did not go to Guiting till October,
1819. The two Acis were taken June, 1850. " 1 was younger then," and knew
little or nothing about "rarities," &c, but now 1 know that L was fortunate enough,
during the two summers of 1850-1, to capture eight Acis and eight Ariun, both
now in my comparatively small collection. I should like to take this opportunity
of correcting two or three mistakes (owing to my ignorance) in my list. (1) N.
tritophus = zic-zac ; (2) Chaonia larva1 on oak not hazel ; (3) 11. satura, of course
adusta. — J. Greene, Rosti-evor, Clifton, Bristol : April 4-th, 19U2.

The pupa of Sphinx convolvuli in England. — All Lepidouterists are aware of
the unusual numbers of this insect last year, not only of the imago, but also of the
larva, and occasionally the pupa ; it is of this last that I write a few lines. In
last year's " Entomologist," p. 295, appears a communication headed " Sphinx con-
volvuli pupa." I quote the following few lines from it : — " I have recently received
a very fine living pupa of S. convolvuli, which was found by a person employed
digging potatoes on the Sussex coast, on September 4th. This is the first living
specimen I have seen found in this county. In searching through the ' Entomolo-
gist,' vol. i, to present date, I find only two pupas are recorded as having been
found, one on October 18th, 1876, and one October 31st, 1881.— F. W. Frohawk,
September, 1901." Mr. Frohawk is right as to the " Entomologist," but if he will
refer to the already quoted vol. x of the "Zoologist," p. 3334, he will find under
the heading " Search for Pupaj," " Sphinx convolvuli, &c." — Joseph Greene, Lower
Guiting, November 13th, 1851. The pupa produced a very fine specimen, and is
now in my collection. I have always thought that this was the first pupa ever
taken in this country. — Id.

Anosia 1'lexippus (Llanais Archippus) in the Isle of Wight in 1896. — I cannot
find any later record of Danais Archippus having been seen in England than that of
October, 2nd, 1890, at Eastbourne, mentioned in " British Lepidoptera " by Mr.
C. G. Barrett. It may be of interest to your readers to know that in August, 1896,
my son and I saw a fine specimen of this insect on a bramble thicket quite
close to the Newchurch Station of the Isle of Wight Central Railway. Unfortu-
nately we were unable to capture it. There was, however, no question as to its
identity. — II. W. S. Worsley-Benison, 45, Woodberry Grove, Finsbury Park, N. :
March 10th, 1902.

Phlogophora meticulosa, L., in December. — In volume ix, second series, of this
Magazine, page 66, Mr. Eustace R. Bankes records the capture of a male of this
species on December 18th, 1897. It may therefore be of interest to mention that I
took a specimen, also a male, at rest on the wall of a roadside cottage here on
December 9th last, during wintry weather. The moth is slightly faded, but other-
wise is in good condition. — A. E. J. Carter, 82, West Holmes Gardens, Mussel-
burgh, N. B. : April 3rd, 1902.

114 LMay,

§ru inu.

A List of the Hymenoptera-Aculeata so far obseryrd in the
Counties of Lancashire and Cheshire, with notes on the habits of the
Genera ; by Willoughbt Gardner, F.L.S., F.R.G.S., F.E.S. 8vo, pp. 1—61,
1901. Reprinted from Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc., vol. xv, 1901.

This is a very well got up local list, to which is added a map showing tlie
localities which have been collected in ; from this map one realizes nt once how
little of these counties has really been worked for Hymenoptera, and there can be
little doubt that the list will be largely extended when collectors can be found to
visit the less known districts ; at present 44 °/0 of the total known British species
have occurred, and amongst these is one species, Coelioxys mandibular is, which has
not been recorded from elsewhere. Mr. Gardner has added some particulars as to
the habits of the British genera, which should encourage local Entomologists to
study this much neglected branch of the subject. — E. S.

ttuarj).

Prof. Carlos Berg, C.M.Z.S., F.E.S. , Director of the National Museum at
Buenos Ayres, died there on January 19th, after a long illness.* He was, we think,
a native of the Russian Baltic Provinces, and before his emigration to South
America ho held the post of Librarian at Riga. At first his position in the Argen-
tine Republic was subordinate, but just before the death of Burmeister, in 1892, he
succeeded the latter as Director. Berg's studies embraced nearly the whole of the
Insecta, and other Arthropods, and his work is generally considered sound and
reliable. His geographical limits extended to the extreme south of South America,
and included much that is interesting from Patagonia, Tiorra del Fuego, Chili, &c.
He revisited Europe on several occasions : we met him in London only a year or
two ago. He joined the Entomological Society of London in 1882, and was elected
a Corresponding Member of the Zoological Society in 1896. Entomology in Argen-
tina has been fortunate in having had two such capable students as Burmeister and
Berg ; let us hope the death of the latter will not throw it back !

^ori^tip.

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society : March loth, 1902.
Mr. Robt. Newstead, A.L.S., F.E.S., in the Chair.

Mr. E. Whitley, of " Clovelly," Sefton Park, Liverpool, and Oxford University,
was elected a Member of the Society.

It was resolved that the next meeting be held in Liverpool on April 14th, and
that Messrs. F. C. Thompson, F. Birch, and E. J. B. Sopp be appointed a sub-
committee to examine and report on the condition of the Library of the Society at
an early date.

A paper on " Organic Evolution," with lime-light views, was communicated by

* Another account says " suddenly on January 21st."

I»"2.] 115

Mr. William Hewett, President of the York and District, Naturalists' Society, who,
whilst dealing very ably with the subject in general, also made special allusion to
many points of peculiar interest to Entomologists, more particularly with respect to
varieties in the Lepidoptera. An interesting discussion followed on the melanism
of Amphidasys betularia, var. Doubledayaria, and other moths, in which the
Chairman, Mr. J. Ray Hardy, of Owen's College, Dr. J. Cotton, Messrs. F. N.
Pierce, B. H. Crabtree, Or. O. Day, and others took part. On the motion of Mr.
Pierce, seconded by Mr. E. J. B. Sopp, a hearty vote of thanks was accorded the
lecturer for his paper. The fine display of exhibits included amongst others : — the
drawing of an extraordinary abnormality in Prionus calif ornicus,vih'\c\\ was double
in every limb, and a series of cases of Coleoptera by Mr. Ray Hardy ; Tryphana
interjecta and Noetua glareosa and brunnea, &c, by Mr. R. Newstead, on behalf of
Miss A. Steele Perkins, of Rhyl ; bone variety of Arctia plantaginis, and var.
hospita, by Mr. Harold Milne ; Orgyia pudibunda, by Dr. J. Cotton and Mr. F. C.
Thompson ; Abraxas grossulariata, varieties, Ephyra, &&., by Mr. B. H. Crabtree ;
two rare Dutch volumes with coloured plates, by Sepp, and Lepidoptera varieties,
by Mr. Gr. O. Day ; varieties of Arctia Caja, by Mr. F. C. Johnson ; Arctia fubri-
cipeda, urticce, &c, by Mr. Herbert Massey ; Dianthecia conspersa, by Mr. F. N.
Pierce ; Perthshire Coleoptera and Cwlioxys mandibularis, a Hymenopteron new
to the British list, by Mr. F. Birch ; Hemiptera from Bolton, by Mr. Oscar Whit-
taker ; Anechura bipunctata, an Armenian earwig, with the Caucasian variety,
orientalis, by Mr. E. J. B. Sopp.— E. J. Burgess Sopp, Bon. Secretary.

The South London Entomological and Natural History Society :
Annual Meeting.— March 13th, 1902.— Mr. F. Noad Clark, President, in
the Chair.

Mr. A. L. Rayward, of Wallington ; Mr. B. Stonell, of Clapham ; and Mr.
S. P. Harry, of Clapham ; were elected Members.

Dr. Chapman exhibited a number of species, which he was placing in the
Society's Collections, including Eupithecia consignata,Hyboma strigosa and Jochesera
ttlni, the first of which species was now only to be obtained in one very restricted
private locality. Mr. Kemp, living larvae and perfect insects of Endomychus
coccineus, Ptilinus pectinicomis, and Pyrochroa serraticornis, the two former from
Epping Forest, on hornbeam, and the latter from New Eltham, under moss.
Messrs. Harrison and Main, specimens of the dark v. nigrofulvata of Macaria
liturata, from Delamere Forest. Mr. F. M. B. Carr, a considerable number of
specimens from the New Forest, including Odonata, Ischnura pumilio, female
vars. of Pyrrhosoma nymphula, Agrion mercuriale, and Gomphus viilgatissimtts :
Lepidoptera, a large number of species, among which were Aventia JJexuIa, Lithosia
helvola, bred Gnophria quadra, Nola strigula, Triphmna subsequa, Heliothis dip-
saceits, Cleora glabraria, bred Cleora Jichenaria, Selidosema plumaria, and Hyria
auroraria. Mr. Nottle, examples of Ag rot is tritici and A. agathina from Keston.
Mr. Barrett, a living specimen of Nyssia hispidaria, female, from Chingford. Mr.
F. Noad Clark, two species of Tick, new to the British list, They were forwarded
to him by Mr. Hewitt, of York, who found them upon Guillemots, on the Yorkshire
cliffs. They had been identified as Ixodes fimbriates and Irodes borealis, both rare

I 2

116 TMay.

and little known species. He also exhibited the common Ixodes reduviua for com-
parison, together with photographs of /. fimbriatus. Dr. Chapman, a living bred
specimen of Endromis versicolor, and some pupae, in the larva-cases of Thyridopteryx
ephemerarformis. Mr. Edwards, very fine examples of Ornithoptera Lydeus, and O.
Socrates from the Malays, with Par nassius imp erato rand P. Horsleyanux from Thibet.
Mr. Turner, a long bred series of Macroglossa stellatarum, from larvae obtained at
Bromley, Kent, and contributed notes on breeding and habits of the larvae. Mr.
Lucas, a very large number of lantern slides to illustrate his remarks on " Entomo-
logical localities." They were chiefly of well-known spots in the New Forest. Mr.
West, of S treat ham, showed a few slides taken from several localities near London.
— Hy. J. Tuknkr. Hon. Sec.

Entomolootcal Society of London: March 5th, 1902. — The Rev. Canon
W. W. Fowler, M.A., F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Dr. P.. Douglas Macdonald, M.D., of Malsette, Rhodesia, S. Africa ; and Mr.
Arthur M. Montgomery, of the Grove, Ealing, W. ; were elected Fellows of the
Society.

Mr. L. Pi. Pro nt exhibited on behalf of Mr. J. P. Mutch, of Hornsey Road,
London, N., aberrations of Vanessa (Eugonia) polychlorox, L., a $ bred by Mr. H.
Baker from pupa from Stowmarket, Suffolk ; a Chrysophanus Phlceas, L. (captured
in the Isle of Wight, August, 1901) ; Agrotis pitta, Hb., a perfectly-halved
gynandromorphous example, the right side <J , the left side ?, taken in August,
1901, in the Isle of Wight ; and Noctua sobrina, Gn., an aberrant specimen with
white antennae and a somewhat hoary appearance on the fore-wings, taken in East
Aberdeenshire, August, 1900. Mr. A. Bacot, a series of Malacosoma castrensis
and a series of M. neustria for comparison with a hybrid brood, resulting from a
pairing between a male neustria and a female castrensis, only a portion of the batch of
from 200 to 300 ova that the female had hatched. The last of the females that even-
tually emerged was three weeks ahead of the first male, and most unfortunately before
any males of either of the parent species, so that the fertility of the hybrid females
could not be tested. Their bodies apparently contain few, if any, ova. Mr. Bacot said
he had every reason to believe, however, that he obtained pairings bet ween the hybrid
males, and females of castrensis, in addition to fresh pairings between males of neustria
and females of castrensis, and therefore had hopes of continuing the experiment next
summer. Mr. J. W.Tutt remarked that this was the first time any exhibition of experi-
ments of the kind had been made before the Society by British investigators,
although Mr. Merrifield had shown a number of crosses bred by Herr Standfuss.
In this case the colouring of the 9 hybrids, departing from the usual colour of the
$ s of the parent species, appeared to approach more closely in tint the ?s of the
closely allied Alpine species, Malacosoma alpicola, and it would be interesting to
discover whether this peculiarity of colour in the hybrid ? s really marked a ten-
dency ro revert to a more primitive V type of coloration, such for example as that
exhibited by ? M. alpicola. The sexes, as exhibited, were very clearly distinguish-
able, and there was not much tendency to gynandromorphism, though of sixty or
seventy specimens almost every 9 showed some signs of $ coloration. A
discussion of the relative preponderance of the sexes in gynandromorphous

1802.] -j -[J

forms followed, in wliicli Cation Fowler, Col. Swinhoe, and the Rev. F. D. Moriee
Joined. Mr. 0. E. Janson, a pair of Stephanocrates Doherti/i, .Tord., a Goliath beetle
discovered by the late W. Doherty in the highlands of British Ea*t Afriea.
Dr. T. A. Chapman, cocoons of a Limacodid moth from La Plata, with
empty pnpa-cases of a Dipterous parasite of the genus Si/stropus, obtained from
Herr Heyne, and to show the close resemblance there is between the two pupa-
cases, he had placed with them some genuine Limacodid cases, with their cocoons.
The resemblance is, however, not merely of appearance, but functional also.
The moth-pupa, i.e., the moth itself inside the pupa-ease, almost certainly by
inflating itself with air, to secure greater size and a stiffened epiderm as a basis of
muscular action, exerts an end-to-ond pressure within the cocoon, and so forces off
a lid. It is here that the beak or" cocoon-opener " with which the pupa is armed is
useful as determining that the fracture shall be at the right end, making the
lid split off here, under much less pressure than would be efficient without it, and
leaving no chance for fracture to occur at the wrong end where pressure is equally
distributed. The Si/stropim breaks off a similar lid, no doubt by similar end-to-end
pressure to that exerted by the moth, Diptera having highly developed the habit of
inflating themselves with air, at emergence from the pupa. This pupa also has a
beak very like that of the Limacodid, but even stronger and sharper. Dr. Chapman
also exhibited a Bombyliid pupa -ease from West Afriea, very like that of some
British forms, the head-armature of which is not a "cocoon-opener," but an ex-
cavating or navvying machine, for use in burrowing a way out of loose soil, such as
solitary bees' nests are found in. The pupa of an African species of practically the
same habits as this South American one, is described and figured in Professor West -
wood's monograph of the genus Stfstropus in our Transactions for 187fi. Mr. J. E.
Collin, in further illustration of Dr. Chapman's remarks, exhibited specimens of:
(n) Systropitx, sp. ? from Buenos Ayres, parasitic on a Bombycid Lepidopteron
(JAmacodps ?). This he said was possibly the same as Dr. Chapman would have
reared from his cocoons. The species was apparently undescribed, but most allied
to tf. brasiliensis, Meg. As Prof. Westwood noticed in 1876, the insect is very
lender to inhabit so stout a pupa-ease, (h) Syxtropus, sp. ? A large handsome un-
described species from Bigot's Collection. Professor Poulton introduced a paper by
Mr. Guy A. K.Marshall, entitled "Five Years ("1897-1001) observations and ex-
periments in the Bionomics of South African insects, dealing especially with warning
colours and mimicry, with Appendices, containing description of new species by
Col. C. T. Bingham and W. L. Distant." The paper was illustrated by many
photographs projected on the screen, showing groups of South African insects of
many orders, collected by Mr. Marshall, each with a common type of warning
coloration. Some of these groups included mimetic species of great interest. An
important section of the paper contained the description of a long series of careful
experiments conducted upon the chief Vertebrate and Invertebrate insect enemies of
South Africa. The number of new facts is so large, the experiments so numerous
and complete, the range of observation extended over so many orders, in addition to
the much studied Lepidoptera, that this memoir places South Afriea in the first
rank as the country from which the chief evidence in support of existing theories of
mimicry, warning colours, etc. has been supplied. Mr. Malcolm Burr, B. A., F.L.S.,

118 [May.

contributed " A monograph of the genus Aerida, with notes of some allied genera, and
descriptions of new species." Dr. D. Sharp, F.R.S., communicated three papers by
Mr. R. C. L. Perkins, respectively entitled : (a) " Notes on Hawaian Wasps, with
descriptions of new species " ; (ft) " Four new species and a new genus of parasitic
ITi/menoptera {IchnewmonidcE) from the Hawaian Islands " ; and (c) " On the generic
characters of Hawaian CrabronidcB ; four new genera characterized." — H. Rowland-
Brown, Hod. Secretary.

ON THE ICHNEUMONIDES OF THE OLDER BRITISH AUTHORS.
BY CLAUDE MORLEY, P.E.S., &C.

Having recently had .an opportunity of examining the types of
onr older authors contained in the British Collection in the British
Museum, and thinking followers of strict priority may he interested
in the synonymy of these " names," which personally, being a scientist
before a patriot, T should prefer to obliterate, T herein set forth, to
the best of my ability, the notes taken from these old specimens, and
wish to thank Mr. W. F. Kirby, F.L.S., for his assistance and courtesy.
Those species whose synonymy I consider established are printed in
capitals.

The earliest author of note is Forster, who described (Nova?
Species Tnsectorum, 1771) Ichneumon prtmatorius = I. yrossorius,
Fab., 1792, and Ichneumon (Amblyteles) armatortus = I. fascia-
tortus, Fab., 1775 ; 1 refer to these only because Thomson (Opusc.
Ent.) has seen fit to retain their Fabrician titles.

Kirby's description of Ichneumon femorator (Mon. Apum Anglise,
1802, ii, 253) is inadequate, and the type is not in his collection in
the British Museum ; it is certainly referable to neither of Stephens'
species of that name.

Curtis brought forward only two species of Ichneumonides in
his Brit. Ent., 1828. The first, Ichneumon Atropos is referable to
TitoGUS exaltatortus, Panz., and not, as has hitherto been generally
supposed, to T. lutorius, Fab. ; what appears to be the type is, cu-
riously enough, in the British Collection. The other species is
Aloniyia victor, which is nothing but A. iiebellator, Fab., $ , with
the petiole red.

In Marshall's 1872 Catalogue the majority of Stephens' and
Desvignes' species are placed alphabetically as doubtfully appertaining
to the genus Ichneumon, and they have since proved little more than
a nuisance to the student, for few of the descriptions are adequate
for determination, and it were perhaps better to consign them to the

1902.] 119

limbo of forgetfulness had not Berthoumieu, who is the only conti-
nental author who has attempted to synonymize these names, recently
revived the subject in his Mon. des Ichn. d'Europe. [Stephens may
have transposed many of his types, not all of which are indicated ;
his collections were not received by the authorities till alter his death
in 1852. His specimens, which now all bear a small oval white label,
include main' from the collections of Francillon, Marsham, Haworth,
Donovan, &c. He described thirty-three new species.

Stephens' " Illustrations of British Entomology," Vol. vii, lSJio.

P. 130 — /. nigerrimus. This is a dark form of Cue. I ichneumon lineator, Fab.,
<? , and is not, as was conjectured by Berth., doubtless on account of the narrowed
arcolet which, however, does not coalesce above, C. bilineatus, Q-mel.

P. 131 — I. compnnctor = I. cessatok, Mull., £ ■ The description applies
equally well to Ctenichneumon camelinus, Wesm., a species not yet recorded from
Britain, though likely to occur here, but the ultimate ventral segment is not acumi-
nate. The areola is transverse and the costuhr incomplete, with the dentiparal area;
transversely subcostate ; the 3rd and 4th segments have the apical margin obscuroly
rufescent ; the hind trochanters are basally, not apically, black; and the stigma is
piceous.

P. 13 L — /. rufipes, J $ , = Eurylabus ruficomis, Berth., Rev. sc. Bourb., 1891 ;
Ann. Soc. Fr., 1896, p. 309, $ . Marshall was in error in referring the $ of this
species to E. torvus, Wesm. ; the metathoracic apophyses are tubcrculiform and
subobsolete in both sexes. The notauli are distinct and the pale clot before the
radix soon fades. I have taken $ o* on flowers of Angelica sylvestris in a, damp
situation near Lyndhurst, Hants, in August. This species must stand : — Eurylabus
rufipes, Steph. (1835), = E. ruficomis, Berth. (1894).

P. 133 — /. maculifrons = Cratichneumon fabricator, Fab., $ .

P. 136 — /. maculicornis = Phaogenes Scutellaria, Wesm., Nouv. Mem. Ac.
Brux., 1844, p. 183, &c, °. This species should stand: — Phaogenes maculi-
cornis, Steph. (1835), = P. Scutellaria, Wesm. (1844).

P. 139 — /. cognattis. No type is indicated in the Stephensian collection, but
the description leaves little doubt that the $ , and probably the ? also, as pointed
out by Berthoumieu = Amblyteles subsericans, Grav.

P. 140 — /. crassicomis. This <? appears referable to Probolus concinnut,
Wesm., Bui. Ac. Brux., 1853, p. 303, but, since I have seen no $ of this species
which I brought forward as new to Britain at p. 54 ante, the synonymy must for
the present remain uncertain.

P. 142 — I.femorator = Probolus alticola, Grav., <J.

P. lii—I.fulvipes. Referred by authors to Cratichneumon fabricator,
Fab., £ ; the type is not indicated.

P. 144—/. albifrons = Cratichneumon fabricator, Fab., var. Ichneumon
impugnator, Wesm., Nouv. Mem. Ac. Brux., 1844, p. 72, 3 . It is not Cue/ichneumon
cretatus, Grav.

120 [May, 1902.

P. 147 — /. binoiatus. The type is not indicated ; the description strongly
recalls Caelichneumon leucocerus, Grav., $ ; 1 do not think it can be Mel an ichneu-
mon feucome/a.t, Ginel.

P. 151 — /. bipunclorius. No doubt remains from the description that this is
the $ of Melanichneumon leucuMELAS, Grind., with immaculate hind tarsi ; the
type is not indicated.

P. 157 — /. cingulipes = Amblyteles oratorius, Fab., var. bipunctus, Perth.,
Ann. Soc. Fr., 1895, p. 650, ^ • It is not Ichneumon deliratorius, Linn. ; the $ ,
however, is not indicated.

P. 158 — I. microcephalus. There is one $ in the Stephensian collection which
appears to be a good species ; at all events I fail to recognise it, and refer it tenta-
tively to Amblyteles (seiisn Thorns.), in which it appears related to A. quadripunc-
tortus, Mull., but differs therefrom in the absence of an apical process in the
ultimate ventral segment. Perhaps the following brief description will lead to the
discovery of its true position: — Head small, transverse, narrowed behind the promi-
nent eyes, evenly punctate, dull, black ; clypcus truncate, not separated from face ;
mandibles bidentate, piceous ; palpi ferrugineous ; facial orbits narrowly flavous.
Antenna) black, llavous-banded. Thorax normal, black ; metathorax rugose, costffi
strong ; areola slightly transverse, apically emarginate ; costulsc wanting ; petiolar
area tridivided ; spiracles elongate. Scutellum flat, punctate, shining, dull flavous.
Abdomen broad, subovate, apically obtuse, black ; postpetiole and base of 2nd seg-
ment centrally striolate ; 1st segment suddenly explanate, with very prominent
spiracles; gastrocaili small, striate ; incisures narrowly aciculate ; segments 5, 6 and
7 with dorsal flavous marks, that on 6th being the largest and longitudinal ; ventral
segments 2-4- plicate. Legs normal, piceous ; femora and coxse darker ; apices of
front femora dull flavous. Wings infumato-hyaline ; begulse black ; nervures and
stigma fulvous ; areolet small, subtriangular.

P. 162 — I.fulvoscutellatus. No type is indicated ; probably this is Ichneumon
terminator ius, Grav., $ , or near it.

P. 163 — /. quadrinotatus = Ichneumon geacilicobnis, Grav., ? .

P. 166—/. concinnatorius. The type is not indicated, but no doubt, 1 think,
can remain that Berthoumieu is correct in ascribing this species to I. terminato-
bius, Grav., £ .

P. 173 — /. dimidiatus = Amblyteles pallidicoknis, Grav., $ .

P. 175 — I. diversorius. This is rightly ascribed by authors to Amblyteles
AEMATOKIUS, Forst., $ .

P. 177 — /. triangulator. This is rightly ascribed by authors to Amblyteles
tkifasciatus, Grav., <J {nee $).

P. 186 — /. eximius. Type not indicated ; the description, I think, applies
better to Ccelichneumon cretatus, Grav., than to Amblyteles glaucatoritis, Fab., of
which Berthoumieu considers it a synonym.

P. 188 — I. erythrogaster — Ichneumon Coqueberti, Wesm., Bui. Ac. Brux.,
1818, pp. 144, 335; &c, V- The type was taken by Kev. J. Burrell in Norfolk.
This species should stand: — Pbotichneumon erythrogaster, Steph. (1835),=
I. Coqueberti, Wesm. (1848), = P. Jesperi, Thorns. O. E., xviii, 1900 (part.).

June, 1902.] 121

P. 195 — /. melanopyrrhus. The type is not indicated, but no doubt can exist
that this is Ccelichneumon castaneiventris, Grav., var. subniger, Berth., Ann.
Soc. Fr., 1894, p. 558, $ .

P. 197 — /. caslanopyga. This is recognised as Amblyteles castanopygcs,
Steph., = A. rubriventris, Wesni. (1854). The lower mandibular tooth is verj
small, subobsolete, as in A. equitatorius, Panz. ; (he checks are aciculately punctate ;
the labrum of the <? is laterally white ; the mctathoracic apophyses are much
stronger in the J ; the postpctiole of the ? is finely aciculate, of $ subrugose,
throughout, with its apex centrally elevated and glabrous ; the gastrocaoli are some-
what deep and striate, though small.

P. 198 — /. pyrrhopus. The type is not indicated, but authors are undoubtedly
correct in ascribing this species to Cratichneumon fugitivus, Grav., $ .

P. 199 — /. gasterator. This is not a good species as was for some time held ;
it has the facies of Microcryptus abdominator, Grav., but is a true Ichneumonid.
Holmgren's reference to the Cryptid facies of Cratichneumon fugitivus, Grav., ? ,
led me to compare it therewith, but the coxae are distinctly scopuliferous, and no
doubt remains that it is C. cokuscator, Linn., $ .

P. 200— I. femorator — Colpognathus celerator, Grav., ? .

P. 201 — /. rufalor. Placed among 1. latrator, Fab., in Stephens' collection ;
it is a $ Phueogenes.

P. 202 — /. abdominator. Type not indicated.

P. 204 — /. picipes. Type not indicated.

P. 206 — /. rujicollis. The type is not indicated, but it has been referred by
Bridginan (Entom., 1882, p. 139), followed by Berthoumieu, to I. SANGULNAtor,
Rossi.

P. 207 — /. rufescens. This is rightly ascribed by authors to STENICHNEUMON
pictus, Grav., ? .

P. 271— Trogus atrocaudatus. I consider tins species, of which no type is
indicated, as more probably referable to T. exaltatorics, Panz., than to T.
lutorius, Fab.

P. 272 — Trogus dissimulator. The type is not indicated, but the description
appears to differ from that of Ichneumon bisignatus, Grav., only in the immaculate
coxae and flavous vertical orbits.

P. 274 — Alomyia semiflava = A. debellator, Fab., ? .

Haliday described Ichneumon phaleratus in Ann. Nat. Hist., 1839, p. 112, but
I know nothing, beyond its original description, of this striking species, which
rather recalls a $ Cryptid than an Ichneumonid. Berthoumieu places it, as in-
sufficiently described, in the genus Platylabus. I learn from the Director of the
Dublin Science and Art Museum that the type is probably still extant in Haliday's
collection through, since no labels are affixed, he is unable to indicate it.*

* Since the above was printed, the Rev. T. A. Marshall has kindly drawn my attention to
the identically of Haliday's description with that of Platylabus leucugvamraus, Wesm. Bui. Ac.
3rux„ 1853, p. 316 ; Holnigr., Thorns., Aic. ; and, although the former is short, I think it suffi-
cient, remembering its author's accuracy, to justify the conclusion :— Platylabus phaleratus,
Hal. (1839) = P. Uucogrammus, auctt.— C. M.

a.

122 £June'

Ichneumon paludator, described by Desvignes in Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,* 1854,
p. 44, is rightly ascribed by authors to I. QU.ffislTOKirs, Linn. Fifteen species are
described in

Desvignes' " Catalogue of British Icuneumonid^; in the Biutish
Museum," 1856.

P. 5 — I. maculiventris. This is Ctenichneumon cckkuleatok, Zett., ? , from
the type form of which it differs only in having the areola subquadrate ; the palpi,
frontal orbits and lateral circular dots on the clypeus, flavous. The space between
the gastroca:li is as broad as the central of the accidentally impressed postpetiole ;
the abdomen is dull with the 4th and 5th segments nitidulous; the wings and
venter r.re flavidous, the latter being broadly fuscous marked. This specimen is
from Stephens' collection, and bears a label "fasciatus" in his handwriting.

P. 5 — I. obator. This is rightly ascribed by Berthoumieu to Platylabus
tedatoeius, $ , Fab.

P. 10— J. crassorius. This is rightly ascribed by Marshall to Ichneumon
inquinatus, "Wesm., S ? .

P. 11 — I. relucens = Amblyteles indocilis, Wesm., $. This species has
recently been recorded as new to Britain in Ann. Scot. Nat. Hist., January, 1902.

P. 15 — I. culicularis, $ ? . This is Spilichneumon Fabeicii, Grav., of
wbich the $ is unknown. The broad gastrocseli of this $ appear to ally it strongly
with species of Ctenichneumon, but its large apical, and plicate 4th, ventral segments
justify its position in the former genus. It is closely allied to Amblyteles trunci-
cola, Thorns., Ann. Soc. Fr., 1888, p. 115, but differs primarily therefrom in the
larger gastrocteli, complete mctanotal area, immaculate scape, &c.

P. 18 — 1. lautatorius. This is a good species, allied to but abundantly dis-
tinct from Ichneumon sarcilorius, Linn. The ? may at once be known by the
unicolorous bright fulvous basal flagellar joints, the remainder being abruptly deep
black above ; by its paler legs, prominent eyes, sabobsolete femoral band, deeper
and more coarsely striolate gastrocseli, ilavous markings and more ample flavescent
wings; from Amblyteles pallidicornis, Grav., it differs, beyond the generic charac-
ters, in its immaculate 7th segment, &c. The abdominal coloration of the $ appears
to be quite unlike that of /. sarcilorius, Linn. It is also larger, varying from
13 — 15 mm. Desvignes described it from specimens in Curtis' collection, and the
types are consequently probably in the Victorian National Museum in Melbourne.
I have not seen the J1 , but the ? was taken on the coast of Suffolk (where Curtis
often collected) in 1898 ; and there was another, mixed with /. sarcilorius, in the
British Museum labelled " Whittlesea Mere; H. Squire; named by Desvignes,"
probably before he detected its distinctness. There are two ¥ ij> Ichneumons in the
General Collection from Nova Scotia and New York which differ from the above
species only in having the 5th and 7th segments also pale banded and the internal
orbits red.

P. 19 — /. ancipiterus. This $ is certainly very closely allied to, and perhaps
identical with, Amblyteles unidentatus, Berth., ILev. Sc. Bourb., 1894 ; Ann. Soc.
Fr., 1895, p. 602.

* Desvignes is also said to have described Ichneumon, crassicornis in the Trans. Ent. Soc.
Lond. ; this Berthoumieu synonym iaes with Protichneuraon pisorius, Linn., <j> ; I know nothing
of it.— C. M.

1902.] 123

P. 20 — I. dubitatus. Much resembles Amblyteles palliatorius, Grav., <? , in
structure, and the metathoracic apophyses are identical, but the antennae are longer,
the postpetiole more gradually explanate from base to apex ; the face is centrally
black marked, and the general colour-scheme unlike that found in even so protean
a species as the above. It is most probably a colour variety of A. trifasciatus, Grav.

P. 22—1. flavocinctus. This is recognised as Ctenichneumon FLAVOCINCTUS,
Desv., though Berthoumieu overlooking Bridginan's description of its sculpture
(Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1881, p. 145), does not tabulate it; it appears to be allied
to Amblyteles albomarginatus, Kriech. (cf. Ann. Soc. Fr., 1895, p. 622, et 1896, p.
289) ; and indeed I believe these species to be identical ; the ? is still unknown.

P. 22 — I. mimitorius. This appears to be, or to be closely allied to, Ichneumon
gradarius, Wesm., £ , a species with which I am not sufficiently familiar to express
a definite opinion, nor am I aware of the latter's occurrence in Britain.

P. 23 — /. binotalus — Cratichneumon cohuscatoe, Linn., var. luridus,
Grav., (J.

P. 25 — I. niveatus. This is the $ of some Cryptid, and Desvignes himself has
labelled his types "probably Phygadeuon arridens."

P. 2b— I. cinctorius. Probably a good species, allied to Amblyteles tint-
guttatus, Grav., var. Ooedarti, Grav., <? , but with the apophyses tuberculiform.

P. 29—7. rubedinis = Ichneumon vulneeatorius, Zett., ? ; it is not Sten-
ichneumon ochropis, Gmel.

P. 50 — HorLiSMENtrs semieufus. A good species closely allied to Platylabus
Stalii, Holmgr., but differing in its entire petiolar area, scabrous postpetiole, basally
broadly red abdomen and white marked front legs, by which points it may also be
known from P. albinus, Grav.* The production of the 5th ventral segment, noted
by Desvignes, is accidental.

Desvignes also described, in Ent. Mo. Mag., 1867, p. 130, Ichneumon cambrensis
= Limerodes cambrensis, Bridg. and Fitch, Fntom., 1881, p. 60, = Phceogenes
stipator, Wesm. (1865), <J . Berthoumieu has rightly ascribed this species to P.
stipator, Wesm., which was recorded as new to Britain under the name P. cicutella,
Sieb., by Bridgman in 188i. The two <? 3 described by Desvignes are in the
British Collection.

Ipswich : March, 1902.

FURTHER NOTES ON SOUTH AFRICAN LEPIDOPTERA.

BY FRANCES BARRETT ; EDITED BY C. O. BARRETT, F.E.S.

{Continued from Vol. 37, p. 289).

Apisa canescens, Walk.—" This moth is from the chrysalis of a caterpillar

found in an ant hill in the garden by the boys. They found two, but one died ; they

were of an unhealthy drab colour, with scattered hairs.

* Even though Thomson has not pointed out that Gravenhorst's description of Hopl. erra-
bunduz, which obviously differed from the type examined by Wesmael, could not stand for this
species, since he writes of the apical " dorso albis " = " stor flack," the latter s H. albmus must
have taken precedence. — C. M.

124 [June,

[The moth is very curiously formed ; its antennae long, pectinated, dull white ;
body also long and similarly coloured, but the head and thorax smoky-black ; fore-
wings long and rather narrow, the hind-wings almost absurdly small and effete,
their neuration being limited to veins I, 3, 4, 5 and C. It is not a very uncommon
species, coming to light at a window at night, the female is scarce, sluggish, broader,
and very similar. The head of the larva (to judge by the dried up carcase)
is glistening brown, the mouth black, the antennal papilla? two jointed and looking
telescopic ; the hairs of the second segment project forward round the head, and
those of the next two segments are long and curved also forward ; the rest of the
body is clothed with shorter hairs ; apparently unicolorous, except a slender white
spiracular line. The warts on the body from which the hairs spring are very notice-
able, raised and black. The whole appearance of this species is rather abnormal,
and the discovery of two larvse in one ant hill may point to some unusual habit of
the creature, or may have been quite accidental. The pupa is stout yet rather
elongated in the abdominal portion, the wing and limb covers moderately glossy,
compact, very finely granulated ; the segments more shining, yet rather closely
covered with extremely short hairs, which are so fine as to be only visible under a
good lens; the anal segment fully rounded, without projection, but furnished with
a thickened mass of short bristles, which are hooked. The cocoon is extremely
slight, composed of loose, thin, soft silk. It is evident that this species requires
careful working out. The present imperfect details may possibly furnish some clue].

Rigema omata, Walk. — " My brother found a female moth in November, and
kept it for me while I was away on a visit. On opening the box we found that eggs
had been laid — such pretty pink eggs with a depression at the top; they turned
quite blue before hatching. The caterpillars at first were little black dots, which
hung themselves by a thread, or scrambled so about the place that I found them
all over the work-table, just escaped from the glass which held the eggs. We had
no clue to the food, so tried vine, willow, Mimosa, and a river side tree which gets
a good deal perforated. They have taken to the latter, after wandering over the
vine leaves and tasting the willow."

[Later]. " I am much disappointed ; all these have died. I cannot say whether
it was caused by unsuitable food, or by thunder storms which occurred at the time.
The larvse became damp and then pined away. However, Harry found one full
grown, a most lovely delicate looking larva, on coarse grass by the river side. Of
this one I send two figures, and have enclosed the shells of the eggs."

[This is, in its various stages, a beautiful creature. The moth has long creamy-
yellow fore-wings, with a longitudinal central stripe of purple, and from this to the
costa a succession of parallel purple lines ; the hind-wings white. The larva is well
worthy of the admiration bestowed upon it; the head orange-red, with the trian-
gular face white ; the whole dorsal region bluish-white down to the spiracular
stripe, which is broad, orange-red or purple-red, bounded underneath by a bluish-
slate stripe, and this by white ; legs and prolegs purple-red ; hairs arranged singly
in a double row on each side, spatulate— the slender black hair becoming suddenly
broadened or spoon-shaped at the tip. On each side of the head is a slender pencil
or tuft of six such hairs of various lengths, looking like a long antenna divided into
spatulate branches. Pupa of ordinary form, not very stout, dark purple-red, dull

1902.] 125

from minute wrinkled and pitted sculpture. Cremaster very short, flattened, broad,
and divided into four conical points. Apparently without cocoon in the earth].

Dulichia fasciata, Walk. — " This species is found sitting on grass or low bushes,
and on the trees by day and also at night, particularly the latter, and if dis-
turbed will often dash down to the ground and try to hide itself in the dirt under
the trees, so that it is necessary to secure it by hand. I found some of the caterpillars
when small on the trunk of a black wattle at Nggeleni ; they fed by preference on
apricot, but were tender, and many died off."

[The moth is a pretty creature, pale ochreous, the fore-wings having an orange
central band dotted and dusted with grey-black. The larva has a broad grey-black
hairy head, the anterior segments and the sides greyish-white, with a large purple-
brown or chocolate hump on the third and fourth segments, and behind this a broad
similar dorsal stripe ; on the twelfth segment is a thick, short, upright tuft of black
hairs, and long tufts of greyish-white hairs spread widely on either side of the body,
the dorsal region being thickly covered with shorter hairs. Pupa short and thick,
limb and wing covers chocolate-brown wrinkled all over with cross sculpture ; seg-
ments finely pitted, but sharply ridged at their edges, and thinly clothed with fine
short hairs ; cremaster long, thick and conical, having a tuft of spreading hooks at
the tip].

Orgji'ia histigmigera, Butl. — " This was the result of a hastily put-aside lot of
small caterpillars brought in one day from the garden by one of the girls. This one
spun up at once. T remember it as reddish-black with short black hairs, three
quarters of an inch long. I believe that it was found on lucerne. The black an-
tennae of the moth are curious and striking."

[Otherwise the moth is not remarkable— a small Orgyia, dull ochreous, with
two black dots placed perpendicularly as a discal spot on the fore-wings, and a broad
dull black border to the hind-wings. The pupa is short, very glossy, chestnut-red,
the whole dorsal surface from the front of the head is thickly set with upstanding
pale yellow hairs, which are especially thick on the abdominal segments ; cremaster
an elongated conical spike, with a bunch of hooked bristles at the tip. In a soft
thin cocoon of silk and larval hairs, among leaves].

Tceniopyga st/Ivana, Walk. — " The caterpillar is two inches long, smooth, yellow,
with light chocolate bands round the segments. I found two of them feeding by
day, and was much amused, because, when only a little bit of blossom remained, the
smaller and livelier caterpillar bit and pinched the larger one and made it move on,
and then went on to eat, but the other came back to the charge and was again
pinched, until I thought it well to separate them. The plant is what the people
here call yellow snowdrop. It is an upright plant with green and yellow blossoms,
not very pretty, but it is attractive also to the lovely little Eretmocera latissima.
The moth was reared in January ; I send the pupa ; the cocoon was of sand and
very brittle."

[The larva is figured both crawling and when rolled up in a complete coil. The
head is chocolate-red ; the band round the hinder portion of each segment is rather
broad, and in the full grown larva rather deep chocolate ; at the back of the eleventh
segment the dark band is narrower and pushed more forward to make room for two

126 [June>

large orange blotches placed as another band ; anal extremity bright orange ; legs
black, prolegs orange-red. A really handsome and striking creatine. Pupa smooth
and shining, dark red-brown, with little sculpture, but the abdominal segments
strongly ridged behind ; eremaster thick, somewhat conical, and armed with two
short hooks. The moth is a creature of quite remarkable loveliness, shining white,
the fore-wings shaded with silvery-grey or pale silvery-buff, and barred with thick
black lines ; the discal spot brilliant scarlet ; down the back of the thorax are three
pairs of orange spots, and there is an orange band on each abdominal segment].

Cucullia (several species). — " Edward has been making a garden beyond the
river, in a wilderness of trees and bushes, away from the fowls. We cross the river
by stepping stones from our shrubbery and climb a steep bank to reach it. It is a
pretty place, but not so easy of access for night hunting. One night he said that
he had seen hawk-moths there at the blossoms of some broad beans which had been
planted, so I took over a net and secured a few ; but my most satisfactory captures
were some silvery and whitish moths that haunted the bean flowers just as darkness
fell. There are several of what I call the ' silver splash ' {Cucullia Hulchinsoni
Hpsn.), and a darker kind much like it in habits (C. extricata, Walk.), which have
given us much pleasure. I have been over there many evenings, counting the effort
quite worth while if I brought back one or two. They are timid and dasli off, so
that I have to go away and wait before they will come back. I hunted those beans
thoroughly till the moths got quite shy, and I had to divide my time between these
and the peach trees which were in blossom, around which the large Silver Y's
(Plusia circumflexa, L.) were abundant, and the American pests (Heliothis armigera,
L.) were most insistent. The moths at the bean flowers begin to fly at dusk, when
you can just see the movement at the blossoms, but I do not think that they feed
late. With the exception of a few pods for seed this was the only crop that we had
from the beans ; the di'ought affected them, and then the ' cocos ' beetles came and
cleared off the blossoms ! I caught one or two of the ' silver splashed ' (C. Hulchin-
soni) also at the fruit blossom, but I think none of the darker species (C. extricata).
There were some dark ones with a silver splash (C. pallidi stria, Feld.) which gave
us great delight. These only lasted for a week or two, but I still get sometimes a
silver splash. Orange, lemon and 'nautje' furnish this, and C. consimilis, Feld.,
C. africana, Auriv., C. chrysota, Hpsn., and C. terensis, Feld., all rarely; one or
two have come to the flower we call honeysuckle, and also to the wild cotton plant."

Plusia exquisita, Feld. — " This beautiful species was hovering at the bean
blossom, but I have caught more at blossoming orange, lemon and nautje trees on a
very damp evening. The favourite is the nautje, which blossoms all over, and seems
sweeter than the orange or lemon ; its fruit is flattish orange-shaped, with a very
thin, bitter skin, but the inside juicy and very sweet."

Plusia circumflexa, L. — " E. brought me a common smooth green caterpillar
feeding on lettuce. It quickly spun up and speedily came out."

[This species appears quite to take the place, in South Africa, of our commonest
species, P. gamma. The pupa sent is very dull black, short and thick, the tongue
case prominent but curved down under the abdominal segments ; eremaster con-
sisting merely of two short, thick, hooked spikes.]

Plusia permissa, Walk. — " Several larvse were found on a very delicate feathery

ioo2.] 127

plant, apparently an asparagus, anil were reared. This, and some other Plusice, &r\d
lladena renisigma buzz around the large sunflower (Helianthus) blossoms commonly
at dusk. They are very lively, and netting them about these heavy flowers feels like
hitting at a plate."

[This is a much smaller and more blunt-winged species, having on its fore-wings
a small and slender silver Y. The pupa skins sent are very smooth, rather shining,
the tongue projection small, the lower surface semi-transparent white, indicating
that the wing and limb covers wore, in the living pupa, bright green ; the dorsal
surface dark umbreous, shading off at the sides, but on the thoracic portion showing
curious markings like the head and claws of a beetle larva ; cremaster thick, strongly
projecting, black-brown, armed with a tuft of hooked bristles which cling tightly
to the cocoon. The latter is light coloured, loose, silken, spun up among the fine
twigs of the plant].

Plusia Jimbirena, Gn. — " The bright green caterpillar with a fine white line
down the back fed on a creeper which grows round the fern stump in the verandah
(Tradescantia ?). It changes more rapidly than any other chrysalis that I get."

[This is another of the "gamma" group; its fore-wings dark bronzy-brown,
with a bright golden gloss, the Y pale golden, slender, and sharply defined ; the
hind-wings dark grey-brown ; the thoracic crest short and blunt. Pupa thin skinned,
glossy, with very faint wrinkled sculpture, brown, more black-brown on the back,
the dorsal shield having a still blacker horse-shoe shaped mark ; cremaster short
but broad, spud-shaped, furnished with minute hooked bristles. In a thin, fine,
loose cocoon of dull white silk, among leaves or any convenient materials].

Trigonodes obstans, Walk. — " I have labelled these ' common nuisance.' They
seem to insist on being caught, and look so promising, flying in the dim light, that
one is constantly induced to run after them. I believe that they frequent every
flowering tree that has honey, and they particularly love aloe flowers. In these
flowers the honey is so abundant that children break off the aloe stems to get at it.
I once caught my girl with a lot of the thin watery honey in a tin basin ; she had
broken off the aloe blossoms on which I had prided myself— beautiful scarlet aloes
all round the front of the house — and was going to drink the honey which she had
drained from them. I fancy that moths find it rather intoxicating, more so than
peach honey, for when disturbed the heavy ones fall down among the thorny spikes
of leaves and are lost, unless I can catch them by putting the net underneath, but
woe to the poor net, the thorns are hooked all along the edges of the fleshy leaves.
From peach or apricot blossom the moths fly away briskly."

Eurrhipia aditlatrtx, Hub.— This pretty moth I found by day on a Begonia
blossom ; so queerly settled, with wings clasped closely down, fore-legs rather visibly
put forward, and the abdomen curled up, that I thought, until I looked closely at
it, that it was a little faded flower."

Eriopus LatreiUii, Dup. — These moths are reared from some caterpillars that
I found on the fern stump ; they were smooth, not hairy, bright brown, with a fine
light yellow line along each side, and a fainter dorsal line formed of yellow and
black markings. I send cocoons."

[These cocoons are soft and slight, composed of thin brown silk. The enclosed
pupa short, broad and slightly flattened, extremely glossy, but almost without

128 [June,

sculpture, light red-brown, the eyes and dorsal segments rather darker ; cremaster
hardly noticeable, except for a small tuft of fine bristles].

Achcea Lienardi. — "I have another thing which will, I think, be of interest —
the smaller kind of fruit destroyer with its chrysalis and a drawing of its larva.
The food plant is rose; this is what we found the larvae upon, but they also ate
mimosa."

[The larva as figured is elongated and in form much like tliose of the Catocalce.
The head very round, brown edged with black ; body dull umbreous with an
angulated black spot on the fifth segment, and two black-brown pointed humps on
the twelfth ; anal segment tipped with black ; and a black stripe runs along the
whole under-surface in the middle ; legs brown. The younger larva is blacker, more
slender, and the humps on the twelfth segment are in proportion larger. Pupa
rather long, tapering regularly off behind, more like that of a large Geometra than a
Noctua, smooth and with only minute dotted sculpture on the abdominal segments ;
anal segment longitudinally ribbed and wrinkled in a very singular manner;
cremaster only a small bundle of tiny hooked bristles ; whole surface purple-red
covered with a fine thin whitish bloom. In a slight silken cocoon among its food].

Some further information being asked for with reference to tlie fruit destroying
habits of this and other species, calling attention to Mr. G. A. K. Marshall's note
(Ent. Mo. Mag., 2nd series, vol. ii, p. 207) —

" I did not reply to your enquiry about the fruit'motb. I feel certain that it
pierces the figs, there being a fine pin-prick spot where it has been sucking, and
also that it damages the peaches. They do not all have maggots, though many do,
doubtless produced by flies. I kept some of the pierced peaches for a considerable
time to see what came of it, but could find no proceeds. I cannot prove anything,
so will let the matter drop for the present, only it is a settled conviction out here
that the fruit is damaged by moths, and I think with sound reason. This last
season we had the smaller fruit-moth (A. Lienardi) in such multitudes that they
sprung up all along, as one walked among the bushes or shook a tree ; and they
settled so thickly upon the peaches before they were fully ripe, even by daylight,
that one could go and pick out the scarcer varieties, this being one of the most
variable of moths. At the same time we could scarcely find a sound peach ; the
crop was quite a failure. The large fruit-moths ( ' SpMngomorpha chlorea) come at
night, and smaller species without number ; also wasps, flies and beetles in the
daytime ; but it was the lesser fruit-moths (A. Lienardi) that were the chief raiders
this season. Sometimes one side of a fig becomes porous like a sponge, as if all the
moisture were sucked away. Do not imagine that it annoys me to be contradicted.
I only want the truth, and fuller knowledge. I know far too little to be an
authority."

Two months later. — "We had a visitor the other day — a lady who has told me
many interesting things about insects which she has noticed in going about the
Colony. I was asking her about the fruit moth, she having told me before of the
clouds and flocks of them which she had come across in the open veldt. I asked
her whether she was sure that they damaged the fruit, suggesting flies as the
possible depredators, or at any rate as the beginners of the mischief. She said she
was perfectly sure that the moths did it, and instanced that they had some par-

1902.] 129

ticularly fine apples sent from a distance, which would take days, if not weeks, on
the road. These were placed on a table in the room. Presently she noticed a large
specimen of the smaller fruit-moth (A. LienardiJ settle upon the very finest apple,
and pierce it with its long trunk (just as I have previously described to you),
feasting away with great content. If this apple had been previously fly-damaged it
would certainly have begun to decay, since fruit when injured does not keep long
in this climate. A day or two will finish it. My visitor has promised to notice
more particularly the causes of damage to the fruit in future.'

[It seems clear to me that my correspondent has doubly established her point.
If, as here appears, an excessive abundance of the moths which feed on the fruit is
accompanied by a complete destruction of the crop, it seems evident that the moths
cause that destruction, unless it can be shown that the unusual increase in numbers
of moths is accompanied by an equally abnormal abundance of the Dipterous peach-

fly-]

AN ANNOTATED LIST OF NEUROPTERA-PLANIPENNIA

COLLECTED IN CENTRAL SPAIN

BY DR. T. A. CHAPMAN AND MR. G. C. CHAMPION IN JULY

AND AUGUST, 1901.

BY ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.S., &c.

During their journey in Central Spain in 1901, Messrs. Chapman
and Champion got together a very considerable lot of Neuroptera (in
the broad sense), and of much interest, for although there is not
much absolutely new to record, little, if anything, has been published
on the species inhabiting the region visited. I propose here to deal
with the PJanipennia (also in the broad sense).

PANORPID^.

Panorpa meridionalis, Ramb. Tragacete, 2 $ , 3 <j> , T. A. C, G. C. C. I
have elsewhere more than once remarked that examples from the Iberian Peninsula
are smaller than those from the French Pyrenees.

RHAPHIDIID.3E.

Rhaphidia maculicollts, Steph. ? One damaged 9 from Bronchales, G. C.
C, remains somewhat doubtful. 'the distinctions between R. macu/icollis and
R. bcetica, Ramb., are not always very clear.

MYRMELEONIDtE.

Palpakes hispantts, Hag. Cuenea, several, T. A. C, G. C. C. I have before
me about sixty examples of P. hispantis from the Iberian Peninsula and Algeria.
They retain their distinctive characters, slight though they be, in a marked degree,
and vary very little either in size or markings ; whereas P. libelluloides is strongly
variable, and as one proceeds eastwards resolves itself into forms that may be sub-
specific to say the least. There is no evidence that P. libelluloides occurs in the
regions inhabited by P. hispanus and vice versa. That one is representative of the
other is undoubted, but they are permanently distinct.

130 [June,

Ceeagris pltjmbeus, Oliv. Cuenca, Puerto cle Losilla, Albarracin, 4 ?,
T. A. C.

Mykmec-elueus trigrammus, Pallas. Cuenca, 3 $ , T. A. C.

Macronemurus appendicuiatus, Latr. Tragacete, Puerto de Losilla, Albar-
racin, 5 ? , T. A. C.

Myrmeleon nemausiensis, Boik. Cuenca, 1 example, T. A. C.

Myrmeleon formicarius, L., McL. (formiealynx, Auct.). Bronchales, 1 9>
T. A. C. ; Tragacete, 1 ? , G. C. C.
ASCALAPHID^E.

Bubopsis agrioides, Ramb. Cuenca, 1 <J , T. A. C.

Ascalaphus longicornis, L. Tragacete, 3 ?, T. A. C. ; Guadalaviar, 1 3,
1 ? , G. C. C. Large and brightly coloured ; in the hind-wings the pale apical
space is broadly margined with black on the inner margin.
MANTISPID2E.

Mantispa perla, Pallas (sec. auct.). Tragacete, 7 examples, chiefly by beating
pine trees, T. A. C, G. C. C. A variety from Albarracin, G. C. C. These examples
vary much in size ; the wings are (the variety excepted) strongly tinted ; and the
black marking on the anterior dilated portion of the pronotum is divided into four
portions by a cruciate pale line, much as in the figure by Costa in his Faun. reg.
Napoli. In examples from South Dalmatia and Sarepta in my collection the wings
are equally tinted, but the line on the anterior portion of the pronotum is not
cruciate, hence the division of the black into four parts is not distinct. Ed. Pictet,
Nevrop. d'Espagne, describes and figures a var. icterica from San Ildefonso, in which
the wings seem not to be tinted, but the black pronotal anterior markings are
cruciate. This form I have not seen. In the example from Albarracin, noticed
above, the wings are not tinted, and the dilated anterior portion of the pronotum is
wholly pale, save rather broad brownish-black lateral margins. It is desirable that
further examples of this form be examined.

That this insect was undoubtedly what Pallas had in view when he wrote his
description of " Mantis perla" in the "Spicilegia Zoologicae" does not appear to
me quite certain. I see nothing in the description to fix it with any amount of
authority, nor to show that he was acquainted with two European species (this and
M. styriaca, Poda), and so far as I can ascertain the reason for applying Pallas'
name to the species under consideration rests mainly on the statement by Hagen in
Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1858, p. 128.
LILARID2E.

Dilar neyadensis, Ramb. Cuenca, 1 $ , T. A. C.

Dilar meridionalis, Hag. Tragacete, 6 £ , T. A. C, 1 9 , Q-- C. C. ; Albar-
racin, 1 9 . T. A. C. This is almost constantly smaller than D. neoadensis, and
although the chai-acters are slight, they rest mainly in the male appendages, and
there can be no reasonable doubt as to the distinctness of the two species.

Dr. Chapman (in litt.) says of Dilar that "the J was abundant late one after-
noon flying amongst low growth under pine trees."

OSMYLID.E.

Osmylus CHRYSOPS, L. Tragacete, 2 examplos, T. A. C. The wings very
heavily spotted.

1902.1 131

HEMEROBIID.E.

IIemekobius stigma, Steph. (strigosus, Zett., limbatus, Wesm.). Tragacete,
1 ? , T. A. C.
CHRYSOPID.E.

Chrtsopa vulgaris, Schnd. Cuenea, Tragacete, Albarracin, 6 examples, T.
A. C. ; Tragacete, 4 examples, G. C. C. The genus Chrysopa is so copiously repre-
sented in Spain as to cause one to wonder that only this very common and wide-
spread species was found.

Lewisham, London :

May 4th, 1902.

Winter Butterflies in Tenerife. — A friend, who has been wintering in Tenerife
has sent me a collection of butterflies made between end of December and middle
of March, and the following notes may be of interest. Pieris cheiranthi was very
common ; but in consequence of an erroneous idea that the male of this species was
P. Wollastoni, only one specimen of the genuine article was taken, and that by
mistake, as it was labelled P. rupee, which it much resembles, and which was
everywhere. P. Daplidice was somewhat numerous in January, but scarcer later.
Ehodocera Cleobule was found only in one spot, and the females far outnumbered
the males. Colias Edusa was almost the commonest butterfly met with, but only
two specimens of the var. llellce were secured, both in the middle of January. Ly-
ccena Icetica, Webblana and Lysimon were local, though abundant where they did
occur ; unfortunately the specimens have been mostly badly rubbed. Polyommatus
Phlueas was everywhere ; Dana-is Plexippus and Chrysippus both fairly common
and widely distributed ; Argynnis Lathonia is represented by two specimens taken
on January 17th. Pyrantels Atalanta occurred in December and January, in com-
pany with P. Callirhoe, but was not taken after January. P. cardui was not
uncommon, but good specimens were scarce until towards end of February. P. var.
Huntera occurred sparingly, only two being netted, also in January. Pararge
xiphioides abounded, the earlier specimens being decidedly larger than the later.
Finally, Hesperia Actaon made its appearance on March 17th.

Of the remaining species recorded for the Island, Aporia eraicegi and Thecla
ruhl are unauthenticated ; Colias Hyale is doubtful ; and Hypolimnas Misippus
rests upon two specimens recently blown over from Africa. Danais alclppoides and
D. dorippus are very rare, the latter almost doubtful ; while Euchloe Char Ionia,
Lycana Astrarche, Argynnis Mala, Epinephele HispitUa,anA Hipparchia statlllnus,
do not appear until later in the year.

I think that this record of 20 species out of a possible 27 resident, taken during
the winter months, is somewhat remarkable.— E. A. Elliott, 41, Holland Park, W. :
April, 1902.

Tinea angustipennis in North -West Kent. — I have the pleasure to record the
capture in Kent, on June 24th, 1901, of Tinea angustipennis ; I beat it out of some
bushes in company with Teleia fugitivella about 2 p.m. It has been identified by
Mr, E. R. Bankes and Mr. J. H. Durrant. Judging from the note by Mr. Stainton

132 [June,

in Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xiii, pp. 1 13-4, the record for Acton Green, 1874-, is the only
previous one for Britain, and probably not ten specimens are known to have
occurred altogether.— E. F. Studd, Oxton, Exeter : April 19th, 1902.

Concerning Mr. Dale's " Pericoma punctum, Eaton," ante p. 107. — The name
punctual should be fathered upon Megerle MS., instead of upon me [cf. Ent. Mo.
Mag. (2), vii, 72 (1896)]. Query No- 3 of Mr. Dale's is due to a misunderstanding
easily explained. His cabinet labels are synonymic, and often include MS. names
of ascertained application that have appeared in print. I remember having given
him Megerle's MS. appellation of the species attributed by Sehiner to P. canescens,
Meigen, to rank as a synonym thereunder. — A. E. Eaton, Woodlands, Seaton,
Devon : May, 1902.

Ants displaced by Wood-lice in New Zealand. — The phenomenal increase and
dispersal of exotic insects and other animals are, in most cases, greater in New
Zealand than in any other country where the same species may have been accidentally
or purposely introduced. The introduced English woodlouse (Porcel/io grangei),
is a case illustrating in a striking manner the great incrense and rapid dispersion of
an exotic species. The exact or approximate date of its introduction is not known.
During the last twenty years, however, it has spread in prodigious numbers over the
whole of the settled districts in the South Island, and it occurs in some of the more
remote forest clearings in the forest-clad region of Westland ; but it is only with its
effects on the native ants in the Ashburton district I have now to refer. Eight
years ago several species were numerous, inhabiting nests excavated under the larger
stones and boulders lying among the stunted vegetation growing on the open river-
bed, and on the flax flats a mile down river from the quiet township. At the
present time ants' nests are rare over the area mentioned, while the hollows beneath
the larger stones formerly tenanted by ants are occupied by hordes of the objection-
able Crustacean. I have lately discovered several nests of Ruberia striata, the
largest native species, which seems to hold its own better than the six smaller
species inhabiting the district. I observe that P. grangei is being badly attacked
by the parasitic mite (Uropoda vegetans, De Geer) more so during the late wet
summer than in any previous season. The occurrence of U. vegetans on woodlice
in New Zealand was first recorded by the late Mr. Maskell five years ago, and since
then it has increased and spread rapidly in several districts in the South Island.
Unfortunately its attacks are not confined to the destructive woodlouse, as it now
attacks several species of native Coleoptera and Lepidoptera. When will this fair
land cease receiving this class of detestable interlopers ? — W. W. Smith, Ashburton,
N. Z. : March 10th, 1902.

Encyrti wanted. — I am studying the life-history of an Encyrtus, and want
specimens of the species which Bugnion worked at. His came from larvae of
Hyponomeuta spp. and Lithocolletis quercifoliella. I would like to get any of these
larvae which appear to be parasitised by the Encyrtus. — Alice L. Embleton,
Balfour Laboratory, Cambridge : May 16th, 1902.

Mydradepliaga at Askham Bog. — Though Easter this year fell rather too early

1902.] -L33

to give much hope of successful collecting, still an opportunity for si two or three
days' visit to York, long hoped for hut (ill now never obtained, was too enticing to
be neglected. The weather unfortunately only too accurately maintained the evil
reputation March has so long held, it was not only wet most of the time, but very
cold and windy, not the kind of conditions which make the use of the water-net
agreeable or profitable. However, though beetles were scarce and required much
patience to find, 1 was quite satisfied with the results, as I added a number of new
species to my collection, and had the pleasure of seeing alive for the first time
several of the bog specialities.

By working the pools in the field south of Chandler's Whin I obtained, after
much labour, a nice series of Agabus uliginosus, L., the dull form of the female
being the commoner ; the companion insect, however, in this part of the bog, Hy-
droporus rufifrons, Duft., was conspicuous only by its absence. In the pools in
Chandler's Whin I secured Agabus abbreviatus, F., A. unguivularis, Thorns., I/ybius
guttiger, Gryll., and Hydroporus oblongus, Steph., the first mentioned was common,
the other three very scarce, all of them arc very characteristic of the bog ; on the
other hand Cut/ambus decoratus, Gyll., so often recorded from this locality, though
I persistently worked for it, failed to put in an appearance ; during a return journey
from London on April 30th I spent another couple of hours again searching un-
successfully for this insect. Amongst other insects seen or taken may be mentioned
Agabus Sturmii, Gryll., A. bipustulatus, L., lihantus Grapii, Gyll., R. exoletus,
Forst., Copelatus agilis, F., Noterus clavicornis, De Gr., Hydroporus umbrosus,GyU.,
and many common species of this latter genus. Of the Hydrophitidte several of
the most widely distributed .species were fairly abundant, but I did not manage to
find either Limnebius picinus, Marsh., or Hydrcena palustris, Er., though the
former is usually common there. I am inclined to think the very cold nights and
want of sunshine in the day kept many beetles in the soft mud at the bottom
of the pool, and they thus evaded my water-net. Still, with every allowance for
bad weather, I am afraid my observations, bearing in mind past records, and what
1 have been told about the locality, point unmistakably to the conclusion that the
insect fauna of the bog has undergone a change for the worse. Possibly the Tery
dry summer of the past few years may be the cause, or the ponds themselves may
be in process of gradually silting up, from the accumulation of the decayed vegeta-
tion which llourishes in them — that this is going on there is little doubt. — T.
Hudson Beake, 2, Heriot Road, Edinburgh : May 7th, 1902.

Anthicus scoticus, Rye, in the Isle of Man. — During a short visit to Dcrbyhaven,
Isle of Man, in the middle of August, 1899, I obtained five specimens of a black
Anthicus amongst shingle and seaweed on the shore. Mr. G. C. Champion has
kindly determined the species as being Anthicus scoticus, Rye, and states that it
" is not confined to Scotland, as I have it from the Manchester district." As 1 have
recently taken up my abode in the Isle of Man I hoped to have the opportunity of
obtaining further examples of the species, and while collecting near Poolvaish on
April 14th, 1902, I found it in considerable abundance running in the sunshine on
the sand and shingle, and under dried seaweed on the shore. The following day I
found it freely on the shore at Kentraugh, running on the sand at the roots of bent

134 [June,

grass. On May 4th it was still present in the Poolvaish locality, but not in such
great numbers. I shall be pleased to distribute series to any Coleopterist who re-
quires the species.— J. Harold Bailet, Port Erin, Isle of Man : May \Oth, 1902.

Ceuthorrhynchidius mixtus, Muls. and Fey, near Woking. — Amongst a number
of common beetles captured by my boys in this neighbourhood during the past
week I have found a single specimen of this species. It was taken by sweeping
nettles and other plants in a damp shady lane. C. mixtus, it may be remembered,
has been recorded somewhat recently from Porlock and the neighbourhood of
Ipswich. Oxytehis Fainnairei has also occurred here this spring. — G. C. Champion,
Horsell, Woking: May \Uh, 19U2.

Jlcuinus.

First Report of the (Natal) Government Entomologist, 1899 — 1900:
by Claude Fuller. Pp. 150, 8vo. Pietermaritzberg. 1901.

It would seem from this Report that the Entomologist lias to attend to fungoid
diseases as well as to insects, ticks, &c. This first Report is a creditable production,
which will no doubt be improved upon in further issues. Naturally it is got up very
much on the American model. The illustrations are open to improvement, that on
page 83 strikes us as being very bad : the plate illustrations from photos, are good.
One point is of interest at the present time. In discussing the " Fruit Moth "
question the author, without expressing any very decided opinion, distinctly leans
towards the belief that the fruit is first punctured by the "Fruit Fly" or some
other insect, and that the moths enlarge upon the work thus commenced.

The Butterflies and Moths of Europe : by W. F. Kirby, F.L.S., with
54 coloured plates, &c. 4to. Cassell and Co., Ltd., London, Paris, New York, and
Melbourne. 1902.

We have before us the first part of this new and enlarged form of the same
author's " European Butterflies and Moths." The gaudy cover is in bad taste. But
the actual Plates are excellent so far as they go, and the letter-press fairly up to
date. The author must not lose sight of the fact that a similar work (albeit in the
German language), being a 3rd edition of E. Hofmann's " Schmetterlinge Europas,"
by Dr. Arnold Spider, is being extensively sold in this country, in which the plates
are simply exquisite, and the text with more scientific pretentions.

bitnarj).

John Edward Fletcher was born at Newtown, Worcester, on August 13th, 1836,
and died at St. John's, Worcester, on February 24th, 1902. He is said to have
commenced his entomological studies at the age of 15, and he continued them
practically until his death. But severe internal injuries sustained some ten years
ago had debarred him from out-door work. He was in comparatively humble
circumstances, following the occupation of a working glover ; but he was a
man of rare intelligence, and, as his letters showed, of considerable education,
albeit, probably largely self-taught. Retiring and reserved in the extreme, he did

1902.] 135

not mix with others of similar tastes, even in his own locality, and his (Icings and
acquirements were more known to the wider circle of British entomologists at large
than at home. He amassed a considerable library, and he seldom sought ex-
traneous aid in determining his captures until he had exhausted the works at
his disposal : and he was seldom in error in supposing that this or that insect had
not previously been recorded as British. His additions to the British Fauna were
numerous and notable. There is scarcely an Order in which he did not make
discoveries; in some instances perfectly new, and which were named after him.
Not the least important amongst his additions was the remarkable terrestrial Tri-
chopteron, Enoicyla pusi/la, Burm., which probably remains to be re-discovered.
His collections of British insects of all Orders were extensive, and the local collection
very full, prepared with the greatest care and determined with great accuracy. We
are delighted to hear that they are likely to be acquired by his native city, to which
they would be invaluable. He did not publish much, but notes from his pen are dis-
persed over a long scries of vols, of this Magazine ; and he was practically respon-
sible for the whole of the " Insccta " for Worcestershire in the new Victoria County
series, he has also left much matter in MS. Fletcher was of a type of Naturalist
spread sparingly over the country ; would there were more like him !

The information as to his early history, &c, has been obtained from his widow,
through the kind intermediary of Mr. W. H. Edwards, of the Worcester Museum,
who we believe met him personally only once, some 20 years ago. Mr. Fletcher
joined the Entomological Society of London so long ago as 1865, but resigned
last year.

Charles Marcus Wakefield, J. P., F.L.S., F.E.S., who, many years ago, was inti-
mately connected with the Entomology of New Zealand, died at his residence,
Belmont, Uxbridgc, on May 11th, 1902, aged 64. He came of a family notably
mixed up with the early annals of New Zealand, and was the only son of Mr. D.
Bell Wakefleld, Judge of the Supreme Court in N.Z. ; he was educated in England,
and subsequently held an official appointment in New Zealand, but retired owing to
bad health, and came " home " with a large store of New Zealand insects, which were
worked out by specialists, to whom he liberally presented them. He married,
bought an estate at Uxbridgc, and settled down to the quiet life of an English
country gentleman ; but he was for years no stranger to the meetings of the Linnean
and Entomological Societies. He was much respected by his fellow townsmen at
Uxbridgc, and leaves a widow, two sons and two daughters- to mourn their
bereavement.

Societies.

Biemingham Entomological Society : March \1th, 1902. — Mr. G. T.
Bethunk-Bakek, Vice-President, in the Chair.

Mr. R. C. Bradley showed a few Lepidoptera, including a pair of Apamea
testacea, Hb., from Moseley, which had been taken in copula, and Sesia ichneumoni-
formis (S. V.), F., Myelois cribrella, Hb. (cribrtim, Schrk.), Euchloris jmstulata,
Hufn. {bajularia, Schiff.), Hemithea strigata, Mull, {thymiaria, On.), &c, from
Wyre Forest. Mr. J. T. Fountain, a series of Lasiocampa quercus, L., including

136 £June>

local bred females (from Sutton Park) from young larvas found in the spring and
bred the same summer ; the specimens varying from very light to quite dark ; also
some males taken by " scmbling " at Sutton, with wide light bars approaching var.
calluncB, Palmer ; in answer to questions he said that he had also taken larva? in the
autumn in Sutlon Park, which were then full fed. Mr. A. D. Imms, Lepisma sac-
charina, L., taken in a kitchen at West Bromwich, he said it was one of the few
British species of Thysanura. Mr. C. J. Wainwright, photos, of insects and parts
of insects taken by Mr. Mearns, of Aberdeen. Mr. Gr. T. Bethune- Baker, a drawer
full of Lycwnidce, of the group Amblypodia, chiefly of the genus Arhopala, and
gave an account of the same, explaining his theories of the origin of the various
forms. He believes all were originally brown, and the more blue there is the more
recent tho species probably is.

April 21st, 1902. — The Vice-President in the Chair.

Mr. C. Bradley showed the following species of Aculeate Hymenoptera from
Wyre Forest, Pompilus cinctellus, .Spin., Agenia hircana, ¥., 1'seudagenia pnnctum,
F., and Sfelis aterrima, Panz., all being new to tho district. Mr. C. J. Wainwright,
a small collection of Diptera made by Dr. T. A. Chapman in Spain last year, chiefly
in the Sierra Albarracin ; amongst the more interesting species were T'otucel/a
e/egans, Port., originally described Irom Spain, Physvcephala chrysorrhaa , Meig.,
Anthrax ve/utina, Meig., Systwchus leucophaus, Meig., Holopugon clavipes, Loew,
Cyrtus gibbu.i, ¥., and a series of a species oi Tachinid of the Plagia group, which
had been bred from larva? of Albarracina Kurbi,and which appears to be undescribed,
vevy distinct from any of the known species. Mr. W. H. Flint, a long series of
Brephos notha, lib., taken in the Forest of Dean last Easter Tuesday ; the species
was quite common, flying chiefly round the aspens, and he noticed that they did not
appear to come to sallow blossom at all like their congener partkenias. Mr. Bethune-
Baker, a number of South African Lyvanidic, including many of colours and
patterns unusual to the family. Mr. W. II. Flint gave an account of the structure
and development, &c, of the wings of Lepidoptera. — Colbran J. Wainwright,
Hon. Secretary.

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society : April 14<A, 1902. —
Dr. J. W. Ellis, F.E.S., in the Chair.

The usual monthly meeting was held on Monday, April 14th, in the Royal
Institution. Dr. J. W. Ellis, F.E.S. occupied the chair. Minutes of the preceding
meeting having been read and confirmed, t4ie following gentlemen were balloted
for, and duly elected Members of the Society : — Mr. Hy. Champ (Manchester), Mr.
Benjamin Jones (Levenshulme), Mr. W. Raepcr (Lcvenshulme), and Mr. J. T.
Wardley (Knotty Ash). Mr. R. Wilding proposed that the evening meetings be
adjourned until October next. Mr. Webster seconded, and it was carried. Mr.
Wilding further proposed that a field meeting be held in the summer, the arrange-
ments to be made by the Secretaries. Mr. Pierce seconded, and it was carried
unanimously. Mr. F. N. Picroe, F.E.S., read a paper on the British Ptllicidce,
which was communicated by Mr. G. C. Bignell, F.E.S. , and was well illustrated by
the micro-lantern. The following exhibits were examined : — A small collection of

ioo2.] 137

CoccidcE by Mr. E. Newstead ; Micro slides of Pulicidce by Mr. Pierce ; Biston
hirtaria by Mr. W. A. Tyerman ; Cohoptera from Moseley Hill, by Mr. G. A.
Dunlop ; Coleoptera, including species new to the District, by Mr. Wilding ; and
Cymatophora Jtavicornis mounted in the natural position on a branch of the food
plant (Betnla alba) by Mr. Fred Birch. — F. Birch, Hon. Sec.

The South London Entomological and Natural History Society :
March 27tA, 1902. — Mr. F. Noad Clark, President, in the Chair.

Mr. Stanley Edwards exhibited very fine specimens of Ornithoptera Bauermanni,
Naias and Criton from the Malay Archipelago, and a male of the rare O. Plateni
from New Guinea. A collection of Hemiptera-Heteroptera from all parts of the
world, comprising 17 genera and 85 species.

April \0th, 1902.— The President in the Chair.

Mr. Main, a twig of hawthorn from the New Forest, having a large deposit of
ova of Eriogaster lanestris, and remarked on the curious spiral arrangement of
the deposit. The Rev. F. P. Perry, a number of specimens collected during a
short residence in S. Africa, including a large and conspicuous Ant-lion, several
species of cockroach, clusters of Mantis eggs from the gum trees, numerous species
of Coleoptera, especially Longicorns, and a very fine species of Hemiptera. He
specially pointed out a large Coleopteron, which had powerful stridulatory organs at
the back of the pronotum. Mr. Moore, some ten species of exotic Blattidce, in-
cluding Blabera gigantea. Mr. Kemp, a macropterous example of Hydrometra
stagnonim from Mitcham. Mr. Hewitt and Mr. Nottle, long bred series of Nyssia
hispidaria and Amphydasys strataria, both from Epping Forest parents, and a
number of PhigaJia pedaria from W. Wickham. Mr. Edwards, another collection
of Hemiptera- Heteroptera, mainly from S. America, and a number of species of the
genus Charaxes, including several fine examples of C. Jasius. Mr. Lucas, specimens
of Eriocrania subpurpiirella, which he stated was now common at Oxshott on
fences. Mr. Clark, microscopic slides, showing details of structure of Cor ixa striata,
Orgyia antiqua, &c. Dr. Chapman, specimens of Roeslerstammia Erxlebella, bred
from larvse beaten by Mr. F. M. S. Carr, at Oxshott, off birch, and gave notes on its
habits and occurrence, together with remarks on the spelling of its specific name.
Mr. South, a curious banded form of Acidalia niarginepunctata from the hills round
Clevedon, and a large number of species of British and Chinese Lepidoptera, con-
cerning which he read a series of notes, entitled " Some British species of Lepidoptera
and their Geographical Distribution."

April 24th, 1902. — The President in the Chair.

Mr. C. R. L. Boxer, of Lee, was elected a Member.

Mr. Harrison exhibited a long series of Tceniocampa opima, bred from ova
collected at Wallasey, Cheshire ; more than half the specimens were of an extremely
dark coloration, and very few of the type form. Mr. Main, numerous species he
had collected in the New Forest at Easter. Mr. Kaye, a very fine series of Helico-
nius Lindigii taken in British Guiana on the Rio Potaro, and also specimens of
Melittia Ceto and M. caudatum, both from South America. Mr. R. Adkin, a series
of dark forms of Psilura monacha bred from a New Forest parent taken in 1901 .
Mr. Moore, Polyspilota striata and Tenodera aridifolia from Africa, Hierodula

138 |J,me-

vitula and Creobotes urbana from Sylhet Mr. Colthrup ; a var. of Abraxas grossu-
lariata, in which the black markings were extended, some coalescing into bands ;
and a specimen of Cicada montana from the New Forest, found ciose to the pupa
case from which it had just emerged. Rev. P. Perry, a large number of insects from
South Africa, including stages of the Migratory Locust, a Wasp which preys upon
Spiders, Hemiptera showing mimicry, &e. Mr. Edwards, several species of the
Nymphaline genus Prepona ; and the various species and races of the Agamemnon
group of Papilio. Mr. Turner, a specimen of the Harlequin Beetle, Aerooinus
longimanus from Trinidad. Mr. Sich read a paper on " The Lesser British Lepido-
ptera," and exhibited a large number of species typical of the various groups.

May 8th, 1902.— The President in the Chair.

Messrs. Harrison and Main exhibited a very varied series of Tctniocampa
incerta from Delamere Forest, Epping Forest, and Liverpool. Mr. Moore, Papilio
Ptolychus, S and ? , from the Solomon Isles, and P. Erec/hetts from New Guinea. —
Henry J. Turner, Hon. Secretary.

Entomological Society of London: March VMh, 1902. — Dr. F. DuCane
Godman, D.C.L., F.R.S., Vice-Presirlent, in the Chair.

Mr. Benaiah W. Adkin, of Brandon House, Morden Hill, Lewisham ; Mr.
E. D. Bostock, of Texall Lodge, Stafford ; Mr. Hubert Edelsten, of the Elms,
Forty Hill, Enfield, Middlesex ; Capt, Frederick W. Hutton, F.R.S., of the Canter-
bury Museum, Christchurch, New Zealand ; Mr. Frederick William Lambart
Sladen, of Ripple Court, Ringwould, Lover; and Mr. Gerard Orby Sloper, of
Westrop House, Highwortli, Wiltshire ; were elected Fellows of the Society.

Mr. W. J. Kaye exhibited a number of insects from British Guiana, many of
them taken by himself, illustrative of Miillerian mimicry. Dr. DuCane Godman
remarked that in these regions many different forms of the same butterfly would
often occur within a radius of fifty miles, showing a wide range of variation.
Professor E. B. Poulton, F.R.S., cocoons of Malacos'oma neustria collected by
Mr. Hani in in 1900, spun upon black-currant and apple-trees in his garden at
Oxford. All of them had been attacked by birds through the leaf, this being the
thinnest part of the cocoon, and the pupa thus more easily abstracted. With
regard to the resting habit of Hybernia leucophcearia, he said that he had observed
that this moth usually rested in a horizontal position. Dr. Longstaff said that all
the specimens he had observed on green stems affected a similar position, and that
he had only found one on a birch-tree. Mr. M. Jacoby said that he never found the
species on oak at all, but palings, also in the same position, which facts Professor
Poulton said tended to show that the protective instinct of the species was retained
in such localities. Mr. G. T. Porritt, two bred black Larentia multistrigaria from
Huddersfield, and said that the dark form was rapidly increasing in Yorkshire. Of
those already emerged and reared from the same brood, three were normal and two
dark. Dr. Frederick A.Dixeyread a paper, illustrated by lantern slides, entitled : —
"Notes on some cases of Seasonal Dimorphism in Butterflies, with an account of
Experiments made by Mr. Guy A. K. Marshall." In the discussion which followed,
Colonel Yerbury said that a temporary rainfall in a dry season in dry places
had a marvellous effect in producing intermediate and wet-season forms.

1902.] 139

Mr. F. Merrifield pointed out the difference between experiments upon
tropical and European species. In the tropics there are not any very great
distinctions of seasons and temperature, whereas in temperate climates the
seasons arc clearly marked oil from one another. Professor E. B. Poulton ex-
pressed his opinion that by breeding species through, Mr. Marshall had proved
that one form gives rise directly to the other ; the pairing of the two forms being a
biological test of very considerable value. Colonel Swinhoe, Dr. Jordan, and Dr. F.
DuCane Godinan also joined in the discussion. Professor E. B. Poulton read a
paper on "Mimicry, illustrated by the Sanger-Sheplierd three-colour process,"
supplementary to his paper read at the Meeting of the Society on March 5th. —
H. Goss and Jl. Rowland-Brown, Hon. Sees.

April 16th, 1902.— The Rev. Canon W. W. Fowlek, D.Sc, M.A., F.L.S.,
President, in the Chair.

Mr. James Roland Charnlej, of Howick House, Howick, near Preston, Lanes.,
and Mr. A. T. Gillanders, of Park Cottage, Alnwick, were elected Fellows of the
Society.

Mr. O. E. Janson exhibited specimens of both sexes of Omithoptera Victoria
from Ysabel, Solomon Islands, recently taken by Mr. Albert Meek, and remarked
on the variation in the colour and markings in the males. Mr. H. W. Shepheard-
Walwyn, variations of Euchelia jacobcece taken by him at Winchester in July,
1889. Mr. Willoughby Gardner, Ccelioxys mandibular is, Nyl., from the Cheshire
coast, a species new to Britain ; and Osmia xanthome I ana, <J and ? , and Osmia
parielina, Curt., J and ? , from North Wales. Mr. A. J. Chitty, a specimen of
Aglais urlicai taken at sallow on March 28th, having a large portion of the hind-
wings cut off so that when folded they were symmetrical in outline. From their
appearance he concluded they had been bitten off by some animal, probably during
hibernation. Dr. T. A. Chapman called attention to the remarkable bilateral
asymmetry in the male appendages of the Hemarid Sphinx, Cephonodus hylas, Linn.
He also exhibited specimens removed from the insect, and also of the several parts,
as well as a rough sketch of the clasps and tegumen. Mr. C. P. Pickett,
Hybernia leucophaaria taken during March at Chingford, Highgate, and Finchley,
including the ordinary mottled, the black and white banded, and six very deep
chocolate-coloured forms, one unicolorous. He also showed series of Phigaha
pedaria, Anisopteryx cescularia, and Nyssia hispidaria from the North Metro-
politan district. Mr. H. J. Turner, on behalf of Mr. W. West, of Greenwich,
exhibited specimens £ s and ? s of Stictoeoris ftaveola, Bohm., a species new to
the British fauna, found amongst long grass in damp places at Lee, Kidbrook, and
Shooter's Hill, and identified by Mr. Jas. Edwards and Dr. Sahlberg. A de-
scription of the species by Mr. Edwards is published in the Jan. No. of the E. M. M.,
2nd ser., vol. xiii, pp. 5-6. He also exhibited several specimens of Typhlocyba candi-
dula, Kb., a species first discovered by Mr. West at Lewisham and Blackhcath on
Populus alba, and remarked that it was interesting to find two quite new species
occurring in the district so well worked by Douglas and others in years past. Dr.
D. Sharp, F.R.S., communicated a Paper by Miss Alice L. Erableton, B.Sc, entitled
" On the Economic importance of the Parasites of Coccidse." Colonel Charles
Swinhoe, M.A., F.L.S., read a Paper entitled " Eastern and Australian Drepanulidse,
Epiplemidse, Microniida? and Geometridae in the British Museum Collection." Mr.
William F. Kirby, F.L.S., contributed a Paper entitled " Additional Notes on Mr.
Distant's Collection of African Locustida?."— H. Rowland-Brown, Hon. Sec.

h 2

140 EJune-

HYMENOPTERA-ACULEATA OF JERSEY, GUERNSEY, ALDERNEY,
AND ST. BR1AC (BRITTANY).

BY EDWABD SAUNDERS, F.L.S.

The Hymenoptcm-Aculeata of Jersey have not apparently
received much attention from Entomologists, the only lists of
species taken in the Island being one in Ansted's " Channel Islands,"
in which 27 species are recorded, and another given by Mr. W. A.
Luff, at the end of his "Aculeate Hymenoptera of Guernsey," wherein
the number is raised to 45. Mr. Luff informs me that he has omitted
three of Ansted's records, Beinbex rostrata, Vespa germanica, and
Coelioxys rufocaudata (= brevis of the following list), so that the
number recorded should be 48. During a stay in Jersey last
summer of three weeks at St. Aubin's, from the 5th to the 24th of
July, I did what I could to sample the Hymenoptera of the Island. The
rocky nature of the coast is not, of course, favourable to Aculeata,
but there are in places areas of overlying sand dunes, &c, which are
quite a paradise for the fossorial members of the order. Nearly all
the best things were found in these localities ; the lanes, &c, only
produced a few species of Halictus, Andrena, Grabro, &c, most of
which also occurred on the sandy tracts. I had no opportunity of
working the North of the Island, but on the one occasion when I
visited Plemont and Greve le Lee nothing occurred which I had not
seen in the South, and the species were comparatively few in number.
So far as 1 could ascertain, St. Ouen's Bay and its surroundings is the
best locality of all, and that in which rarities are most likely to occur;
here there is a fine sandy shore, and the sand runs inland for about
three miles to Don Bridge, another excellent and easily accessible
locality, but lacking the maritime species found in the Bay. No doubt
alJ the intervening sandy tract is also good, but it is not so easily
reached, and part of it is used as a rifle range, and consequently red
flags warn the collector off a very large area of good ground. The
little sandy tract just behind, and to the west of Bel lioyal Station,
between St. Aubin's and St. Heliers, is another productive spot, but it
is small, and several of the St. Ouen's Bay and Don Bridge species
did not occur there. I found the local Allium sphcerocephalum a very
attractive plant, and one on which it was very difficult to see its
visitors, even large species like Sphex or Fhilanthus were often very
easily overlooked, although of quite a different colour to the purple-red
head of the onion. It was of course impossible in three weeks to work
auy one of these localities thoroughly. My collecting was practically

1902.] 141

confined to the immediate surroundings of St. Aubin's, Don Bridge,
and Bel Koyal. Two visits to St. Ouen's Bay, one to the neighbour-
hood of Gorey, and one to the north of the Island, viz., to Plemont
and Greve le Lee being the only longer expeditions 1 was able to
make. The list here given should therefore be very largely increased,
even for the species occurring in July. Altogether 129 species were
secured, and to these must be added seventeen recorded by W. A. Luff,
which I did not meet with, making a total record for the Island of
146 species. Of these, fifteen, viz., Scolia ^-punctata, Pompilus 6-
maculatus, fumipennis, pilosellus ?, Tachysphex, n. sp. ?, Sphex
flavipennis, Oorytes punctatus ?, Bembex rostrata, Sphecodes niyritulus,
Halictus scabiosce, II. brevicomis, Nomada similis, N. juscicornis,
Coelioxys brevis, Meqachile muraria, do not, so far as we know, occur
in Britain, neither have they been recorded from either Guernsey or
Alderney.

The following comparative table of the species known as
occurring in the three larger Channel Islands has been formed from
the data already mentioned, so far as Jersey is concerned ; and from
the excellent lists published by Mr. Luff, in the Transactions of
the Guernsey Soc. of Natural Science for 1891 and 1899 respectively,
so far as concerns Guernsey* and Alderney. The comparison is far
from satisfactory, as the Jersey list mainly depends on my own efforts
in the three weeks of July which I spent there, and during which
time I gave up nearly all my time to collecting, whereas those of
Guernsey and Alderney are composed of species taken throughout
the season by Entomologists, whose other occupations must have
prevented them from pursuing their subject uninterruptedly. At the
same time the table may be of value, if only as a means of inducing
others to improve upon it. I have added a fourth column, to include
the species taken by me at St. Briac, in Brittany, in August, 1899, as,
although the time of year was a little later than that when the Jersey
captures were made, still most of the August species appear in July,
and it will give at any rate an idea of the relation of the fauna of this
mainland coast to that of Jersey. Out of the 61 species common to
St. Briac and the Channel Islands, 62 occur in Jersey, whereas only
30 are recorded from either Guernsey or Alderney. There can, how-
ever, be little doubt that many additional species will yet be found in
these latter Islands, as it seems probable that species common both
in the South of England and Jersey, of which there are many, will

* To Mr. Luff's Guernsey list I have added four species, Colleles suceincta.fodient, Daviesana, and
Psithyrus campestris, taken by Mr. F. V. Theobald, the three species of ColUtts at Cobo, and the
Psithyrus at Gouffre.

142 EJune-

some day find a place in these lists. It is an interesting fact, and one
that shows how much more closely the fauna of Jersey approximates
to that of the continent than do those of the other Islands, that in
Guernsey and Alderney only one species (Andrena flessee) is recorded
which is not also found in Britain, whereas in Jersey fifteen such
species have occurred, and 28 were the result of a fortnight's
collecting at St. Briac.

COMPARATIVE TABLE.

J (Jersey). G (Guernsey). A (Alderney). B (St. Briac).

Formica rufa, L., common near Greenville Station, but I could

not find the nest J G

,, fusca, Ltr., common J G A

Lasius fuliginosus, Ltr G

,, niger, L., common J

,, „ r. alienus G A

,, flavus, De Geer, " common " (Luff ) G A

Tajtitioma erraticum, Ltr G

Tetramorium ccespitum, L., Don Bridge and St. Oueu's Bay ... J G A

Myrmica rubra, L., r. ruginudis, St. Aubin's J

,, ,, r. scabrinodis, ,, J G A

Leptothorax tuberum, Fab., r. Nytanderi, 2 <J in Convolvulus

flowers near St. Aubin's J G

Mutilla rufipes, Ltr., St. Ouen's Bay, Don Bridge and Bel

Royal ; Corbiere, 3 specimens (Luff) J A

Myrmosa melanocephala, Fab G

*Scolia quadripuiictata, Fab., St. Ouen's Bay, Don Bridge,

"common" J

Tiphia femorat a, Fab., ,, ,, on wild carrot... J G A B

Pompilus unicolor, Spin G

„ bicolor, Lep., J ? Don Bridge J B

* ,, fumipennis, Dhlb. ,, ,, and St. Ouen's Bay.. J B
„ uuguicularis, Thorns. „ ,, and St. Aubin's J

„ gibbus, Fab. „ „ J G B

„ chalybeatus, Schiodte,, ,, J G A B

,, spissus ?, Schiodte, „ ,, J

* ,, pilosellus, Wesm.? ,, ,, St. Aubin's, 1 •} J

,, pectinipes, L. A

* ,, sexmaculatus, Spin. „ ,, and St. Ouen's Bay J

,, plumbeus, Fab., Bel Royal ,, ,, ,, J A B

,, cinctellux, Spin., near St. Aubin's J

,, rufipes, L., Don Bridge, " common " J B

Salius fu.scus, L., " Sandhills near St. Ouen's Bay " (Luff) J

,, affinis, V. d. L., Don Bridge and St. Aubin's (common) J B

„ pusillus, Schiodte, „ „ „ "St.Brelade'sBay"(Luff) J A B

,, parvulus, Dahlb., ,, „ ,, J G

1902.] 148

Pseudagenia carbonaria, Scop., near St. Aubin's, running over
leaves of brambles, &c, both sexes fairly

common J G

Ceropales maculatus, Fab., St. Ouen's Bay, on wild carrot J B

Axtatus hoops, Schr., St. Aubin's, 1 <J J

,, stigma. Pz., Bel Royal, 1 9 J

Tachysphex iiuicolor, Pz., Don Bridge J B

„ pectinipes, L., „ ,, St. Ouen's Bay, Bel

Royal, Gorey, St. Aubin's J A B

„ lativalei.i, Tlioms., Don Bridge, St. Ouen's Bay ... J

* „ n.sp. ? St. Ouen's Bay, 1 ? J

Dinetus pictti.i, Fab., near Greenville Station, Bel Royal.

Common on Achillea <T B

Miscophus maritimus, Sm„ Don Bridge, St. Ouen's Bay J

Trypoxylon attenuation, Sm., near St. Aubin's J

*Sphex flavipennis, Fab., Don Bridge, Bel Royal, St. Ouen's Bay,
very partial to beads of Allium sphwroce-
phalum at Bel Royal J

Ammophila sabulosa, L., common J

„ eampestris, Ltr., Don Bridge, "several, St. Ouen's

Bay" (Luff) J

„ hirsuta, Scop., common J

,, lutaria ¥ah., ,, J

Diodontus minutus, Fab., St. Aubin's J

Passalcecus insignis, V. d. L., St. Aubin's J

Pemphredon I ugtibr is, Jjtr

„ lethifer, Shuck., St. Aubin's J

„ Shuckardi, M or

Mimesa Shuckardi, Wesm G

*Qorytes punctatus, Kirsch.? 1 $, Don Bridge, 1 ?, St. Ouen's

Bay, on Daucus carota J

,, eampestris, L

,, tumidus, Pz., St. Aubin's J

Nysson dimidiatus, Jur., Don Bridge, on Daucus carota J

,, trimaculatus, Rossi

Mellinus arvensis, L G

„ sabulosus, Fab

Bembex rostrata, L., Don Bridge, St. Ouen's Bay J

*Philanthus triangulum, F., common J

Cerceris arenaria, L., Bel Royal, Gorey, and " not uncommon

near St. Ouen's Bay " (Luff) J

„ omata, Schseff., St. Aubin's, Don Bridge, St. Ouen's

Bay J

„ labiata, Fab

Osybelus mucronatus, Fab., St. Ouen's Bay, 1 $ J

,, Kiiy/MiJtis, L., common everywhere J

Crabro leucostomus, L., St. Aubin's J

„ podagricus, V. d. L. St. Aubin's J

„ palmipes, L., „ J G

„ elongatulus, V. d. L., ,, J G

B

G

A

B

B
B

G

A

G

A
A

G

A

A

B

B

G

A

B

G

A

B

G

B

G

A

B
B

14,4, [J»ne, 1902.

Crabro quadrimaculatus, Dhlb., St. Aubin's J

cephalotes, Pz G

Saundersi, Perk., St. Aubin's J A

dimidiatus, Fab., ,, J

cribrarius, L., Don Bridge, 1 S J G A B

peltarius, Schreb., St. Aubin's, Don Bridge, Bel Royal J

aibilabvis, Fab., St. Aubin's, Gorey J B

Entomognathus brevis, V. d L., common J B

Vespa sylvestris, Scop., St. Aubin's J

,, vulgaris, L., ,, J

,, germanica, Fab., recorded in Ansted's " Channel Islands "

from Jersey... J

Odynerus spinipes, L

„ reniformis, Gmel

„ parietum, L., St. Aubin's, St. Ouen's Bay J

„ caflosus, Thorns

„ trifasciatus, Fab

,, pictus, Curt

„ ant if ope, Pz

Cof fetes succinct a, Ltr

„ fodiens, Kirb. Common on Swifcw J

,, pk-istigma, Thorns

,, Daviesana, Smith, common on Chamomile J

„ marginata, Smith, Don Bridge J

Prosopis Masoni, Saund., St. Ouen's Bay, 1 ? J

„ signata, Panz., St. Aubin's J

„ hyalinata, Smith ,, J G

„ brevicornis, Nyl., „ and Don Bridge J

„ piclipes, Nyl., „ Bel Royal, Gorey J

Sphecodes gihbus, L

„ subquadratus, Smith, St. Aubin's, Bel Royal J

,, puncticeps, Thorns. ,, J

,, fongulus, V. Hag., Gorey J

„ pilifrons, Thorns

„ similis, Wesm., St. Ouen's Bay J

„ variegatus, V. Hag., St. Aubin's J

* „ nigritufus, V. Hag., Bel Royal, St. Aubin's, Plomont J

,, dimidiatus, V. Hag

„ affinis,Y. Hag., St. Aubin's J

*Hatictus scabiosce, Rossi, St. Aubin's, 1 ? J

,, rtibicundus, Chr., Don Bridge, 1 ? J

„ xanthopus, Kirb

„ teucozonius, Schr., St. Aubin's, Don Bridge, &c.

" Common near St. Heliers " (Luff) J

,, quadrinotatus, Kirb., Plemont J

,, cylindricus, Fab., St. Aubin's, &c, common J

„ atbipes, Kirb

G

A

G

G

G

G

G

A

G

A

G

G

A

G

G

G

A

A

G

A

G

B

G

A

B
B

G

G

A

G

A

G

A

B
B

G
G

A

G

A
A

B

G

A

B

G

A

[Ent. Month. Mag., 1902, PI. III.

i

u A

K. J. Morton, del.

B

G

A

B

G

B

G

B

G

A

B

G

G

A

B

G

A

B

G

B

July, 1902.] 145

Ha/ictus malachurus, Kirb., St. Aubin's J

„ pauxillux, Schk., St. Aubin's, 1 ? J

* „ brevicomis, Sehk. Common on yellow composites... J

„ villosulus, Kirb., St. Aubin's, Gorey J

„ nitidiusculus, Kirb., St. Aubin's, Gorey J

,, p unctat issimus, Schk

„ minutissimus, Kirb., St. Aubin's, Gorey J

„ tumulorum L., St. Aubin's, Bel Royal, Don Bridge J

,, gramineus, Smith

,, »S meat h mane Hits, Kirb. Common J

„ morio, Kirb., Don Bridge J

„ leucopus, Kirb., St. Aubin's, Gorey J

Andrena albicans, Kirb., recorded in Ansted's "Channel

Islands " from Jersey J

,, pilipes, Fab., Don Bridge. This is probably the

" atra " of Ansted's " Channel Islands " J

„ himaculata, Kirb. Common on Umbelliferce, Rubus

and Brassica J

„ rosce, Pz.,r. Trimmerana

* ,, flessa. Pz

„ cineraria, L

„ thoracica, Fab

,, fulva, Schr

Clarkella, Kirb

„ nigrocenea, Kirb., " Gorey " (Luff) 1 specimen J

„ Owynana, Kirb., St. Ouen's Bay, 1 ? J

„ angustior, Kirb

„ varians, Rossi

„ nigriceps, Kirb., Don Bridge, 1 $ J

„ fulvicrus, Kirb., abundant everywhere J

„ fasciata, Nyl

„ cingulata, Fab

,, fuhago, Chr., " one near St. Aubin's" (Luff) J

„ Coitana, Kirb

„ nana, Kirb., Gorey, 1 ? J

,, minutula, Kirb., St. Aubin's, 1 ? J

AfzeUella, Kirb., Bel Royal (Luff), Don Bridge, St.

Ouen's Bay J

WilheUa, Kirb

Cilissa melanura, Nyl

,, leporina, Pz., Bel Royal, Don Bridge J

Dasypoda hirtipes, Ltr., Bel Royal. $ very common on the

onion heads. I counted seven on one head J

Panurgus calcaratus, Scop., St. Aubin's J

,, ursinus, Gmel. ,, J

Nomadafucata, Pz., Bel Royal, on Senecio J

,, jacobcea, Pz., " one near St. Ouen's Bay " (Luff) J

„ succincta, Pz

G

G

A

G

A

G

A

G

G

G

A

G

A

G

A

G

A

B

G

A

G

G

A
A

A

B
B

G

A
A

A

B

A

B

G

A

G

A

A

B

G

A

M

a

G

G

G

A
A

B
B

A

B

G

A

G

A
A

B

146 W1*-

Nomada lineola, Pz., Bel Royal, on Senecio J A

,, Lathburiana, Kirb

„ ru/tcornis, L., " common " (Luff) J

* „ similis, Mor., Don Bridge, 1 g J

* ,, fuseicornis, Nyl., Don Bridge, 2 <? J

,, Fabriciana, L

„ furva, Pz

Epeolus productus, Thorns., Bel Royal, St. Ouen's Bay. " Taken

while sweeping near St. Ouen's Bay " (Luff). J
Coelioxys rufescens, Lep., Don Bridge, St. Aubin's J

„ elongata, Lep., St. Aubin's J

„ brevis, Ev. Common on the sandy regions with

Megachile argeniata J

,, vectis, Curt

MeJecta armata, Pz

Megachile marl lima, Kirb. Common everywhere J

,, centuncularis, L

„ argentata,¥tib. Common on the sandy regions J G

* „ muraria, Ltr., recorded from Jersey in Ansted's

" Channel Islands " J

Stelis attrrima, Pz., St. Aubin's J

Omnia rufa, Linn. This is probably the "cornuta " of Ansted's
" Channel Islands." The Guernsey form is

the var. Mcornis J G

,, Jul irioentris, Pz. St. Aubin's J

,, aurulenta, Pz G A

„ spinulosa, Kirb. St. Ouen's Bay, Don Bridge J

Anthidium manicatum, L., St. Aubin's, Bel Royal J G A

Eucera lovgieornis, L., Bel Royal, I ? J G

Haropuda himaculata, Pz. Common J

Podalirins retusus, L. Recorded from Jersey in Ansted's

" Channel Islands " J G

„ pilipes, Fab. ,, „ „ „ J G A

„ quadrimaculatus, Pz. St. Aubin's J

Psithyrus nipeslris, Fab. Recorded from Jersey in Ansted's

" Channel Islands " J G

restalis, Foam, " 2 at St. Aubin's " (Luff) J G A

„ campestris, Pz. Recorded from Jersey in Ansted's

" Channel Islands " J G

Bomlus Smithianus, White. Common, all the specimens of the
pale form, not dark beneath, like those re-
corded by Mr. Luff from Alderney J G A

„ agrorum, Fab., recorded from Jersey in Ansted's

"Channel Islands " J

„ hortorum, L., St. Aubin's J

,, Derhamellus, Kirb

„ pratorum, L. Recorded from Jersey in Ansted's

"Channel Islands " J

„ lapidarius, L., common J

,, terresi rix, L., ,, J

Apis me/lifica, L., „ J

St. Ann's, Woking :
May, 1902.

G

G

A

A

G

A

G

A

G

A

1902] 147

QUEDIUS OBLITERATUS, Er., CONFIRMED AS BRITISH.
BY JAMES H. KEYS, F.E.S.

For some considerable time Mr. E. A. Newbery and myself have
been in doubt as to the identity of a species of Quedius, taken at
Plymouth, and doing duty in our collections as Q. suturalis, Kies.
By the kindness of Monsieur A. Fauvel, however, the matter has
been settled, fifteen of the insects in question recently sent to that
authority having been determined by him as Q. obliteratus, Er.

Although not included in Canon Fowler's work, nor in Cox's
Handbook, this beetle can hardly be regarded as new to the British
list, as it is enumerated by T. Y. Wollaston in his " Note on the
Coleoptera of the South of Ireland " (Zoologist, 1847, pp. 1570-6) ;
and it is also ascribed to Great Britain, on the authority of Wollas-
ton, by Fauvel in his Faune Gallo-Khenane, vol. iii, p. 524. It is
interesting, therefore, to establish the species as a British insect.

In general character and in the close and fine punctuation of its
elytra Q. obliteratus, Er., is very like Q. maurorufus, Gr. ; it should,
therefore, be placed near that species in the British list ; in colouring,
however, it is similar to Q. suturalis, Kies., but this latter insect is
abundantly distinct by reason of its coarser and much more remote
elytral punctures.

The following details, if used as addenda to the synoptical table
in Canon Fowler's Coleoptera, vol. ii, p. 238, line 21, will help to dis-
tinguish Q. maurorufus and Q. obliteratus.
A. Elytra finely and more or less thickly punctured.

a. Elytra brown or pitchy, often with the extreme margins and suture

reddish Q- maurorufus, Gr.

b. Elytra brown or pitchy, with the suture, apex, sides and humeral streak

yellow or reddish-yellow ; often yellow, with the scutellar region, and a
broad streak extending therefrom, and nearly reaching apex, black...

Q. obliteratus, Er.

Q. obliteratus, Er., has occurred to me in some numbers at
Plymouth, in rotting straw used as a winter covering for mangolds,
and two examples were recently taken from some straw in a wood
several miles distant from the first-named habitat. I have also one from
St. Margaret's Bay, taken by Mr. A. Beaumont. Mr. E. A. Newbery
has an example taken from a wasp's nest at Bury, by Mr. W. H. Tuck ;
Mr. Champion has a specimen from Lee, Kent ; and Mr. J. J. Walker
has taken it in the Isle of Sheppey.

June 10th, 1902.

M 2

148 [July,

AN ANNOTATED LIST OF ODONATA COLLECTED IN CENTRAL

SPAIN BY DR. T. A. CHAPMAN AND MR. G. C. CHAMPION IN JULY

AND AUGUST, 1901.

BY ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.S., &c.

This forms the second instalment of an enumeration of the species
of " Neuroptera " taken on the journey above noticed (cf. ante, pp.
129-130). The greater part of the materials were accumulated by Dr.
Chapman, Mr. Champion confining his attention more especially to
other groups. The number of specimens was very considerable, and
an examination reveals 23 species, or nearly a quarter of those found
in Europe. There is, I think, no reason to doubt that " experts,"
whose attention was not claimed by other Orders in the first instance,
would have increased the List. The general aspect of the materials
is, of course, meridional ; nearly one half of the species occur in
Britain, but the Spanish forms of the same species are often very
considerably modified. T think the publication of the List cannot
but be useful ; in a country so little worked as is Spain, any items of
local information are valuable, and both Dr. Chapman and Mr.
Champion are to be congratulated on not forgetting that there are
other insects besides those to which their studies have been especially
directed.

LIBELLULIN^E.

Libelt.ttla depbess a, L. Tragneete, 1 ? , T. A. C.

Sympetrfm flaveolttm, L., var. lfteoi/pm, Selys. Tragaeete, 1 c? , T. A. C,
Bronchales, many, T. A. C.,1^,1 ?,G. C. C. All the individuals belong to
the var. or " race " luteolum, which is probably the usual form in Spain. In it the
yellow of the base of the wings in the $ is connected with a yellow nodal space,
such as usually occurs in the 9 in the ordinary form, which elsewhere is probably
looked upon as only accidental in the $ .

Dr. Chapman remarks especially concerning this insect as follows : — " In a
little upland valley between Bronchales and Noguera, at between 4000 and 4500 ft.,
was a hollow that had all the appearance of being often a small pond. The whole
surface was covered with vegetation, not all of a semi-aquatic character. It was
obviously usually a pond, but dry for several months each year. We did not see
any permanent water within a mile or two, but there may have been some. <S.
Jlaveolum was in some numbers here, and a good many pairs were on the wing, the
females ovipositing industriously along the sloping edges. There were also several
other dragon-flies (such as Lestes dri/as) flying with them, but I am not sure
that any of these were ovipositing."

Stmpetrfm meridionale, Selys. Tragacete, 1 £ , T. A. C. Albarracin, 1 ? ,
G. C. C. True to the custom of the species this <? is most abundantly infested with
the usual red Acari on the wings, and these probably induced Dr. Chapman to
capture the insect owing to its singular appearance. The female has only very few,
but they are present.

1902. ] l49

Sympetrum striolatum, Clip. Very common generally, T. A. C, G. C. C.

Orthetkum brunnkum, Fonsc. Cuenea and Tragacete, 5 $ , 2 ? , T. A. C.

Ortiietrum CjERDLescens, F. Cuenea and Bronchales, 5 $ , T. A. C.
GOMPHIN^E.

Onychogomphus uncatus, Clip. Cuenea, 4 £ , 4 $ , T. A. C. ; 1 <j> , G. C. C.
The yellow of the body more extended than in northern examples.

Onyciiogomphus forcipatus, L. Bronchales, 1 $ , T. A. C. This should
perhaps be referred to the var. unguiculatus, V. d. L. ; the yellow is more extended
than in northern examples, but less so than in those from Algeria.
CORDULEGASTRIN^E.

Cordulegaster annulatus, Latr., var. immacttlifrons, Selys. Cuenea,
Tragacete, Bronchales, 14 $ (no ?), T. A. C. Tragacete, 1 $, G. C. C. Among so
many males it is curious there should be no female.
.ESCHNIN^.

iEsCHNA cyanea, Mull. Bronchales, 1 ? , T. A. C.

iEscHNA mixta, Latr. Albarracin, 1 ? , T. A. C.
CALOPTERYGIN^.

Calopteryx splendens, Harris, var. xanthostoma, Chp. Cuenea, Tragacete,
7 $ , 8 ? , T. A. C, G. C. C.

Calopteryx Virgo, L., var. meridionalis, Selys. Tragacete, Bronchales,
5 <J , 1 ? , T. A. C.

Few insects seem more susceptible to local influences than the Caloytery-
gince, and these two familiar European species are striking instances. Few insects
look more distinct than the northern typical forms of the males of C. splendens
and Virgo. But all this is changed as we proceed south, and in South Europe the
males have become so much modified as to approach each other in appearance
(sometimes occasioning momentary perplexity) ; the females, however, are less sus-
ceptible to modifications.

AQRIONIN^E.

Platycnemis latipes, Ramb. Toledo, 1 $ , T. A. C. ; 1 ? , G. C. C. Cuenea,
1 <J , T. A. C. These three examples are certainly latipes, but they present notable
variations. In all the ground colour may be termed white. In the $ from Toledo
there is the usual dorsal thoracic black band (divided by the dorsal crest), and a
very fine black humeral line ; the abdomen is white to the end of the 6th segment,
afterwards dusky with black spots, and there is a fine double ventral black line ; in
the ? from Toledo the colours arc much the same, but the white is less pure, and
there are traces of a fine double dorsal line ; in the <J from Cuenea there is a second
(sub-humeral) thoracic black line abbreviated anteriorly, segments 7 — 10 are nearly
wholly black, and there is a solid black ventral line on segments 1 — 6 ; the append-
ages are identical in the two $ . This tendency to variation (usually of a dimorphic
character) is perplexing in the genus.

Ischnura Graellsii, Ramb. Cuenea, T. A. C. and G. C. C, many. Albarracin,
T. A. C. Lago de Una, G. C. C.

Enallagma cyatiiigerum, Chp. Lago de Una, 2 $ , 2 ? , G. C. C. In both
males the capitate marking of the second segment has no tail, and is scarcely more
than a lunule.

150 LJuly,

Aqeion c^ieulescens, Fonsc. Albarracin, 5 J , T. A. C, G-. C. C.

Ageion mekcueiale, Clip. Cuenca and Brouchales, 3 3 , T. A. C.

Agbion Lindenii, Selys. Cuenca, 1 g , T. A. C.

Pyeehosoma nymphula, Sulz. (minium, Harris). Cuenca, Tragacete, Hron-
chalos, Albarracin, many examples, T. A. C.

Lestes deyas, Kby. (nympha, Selys). Cuenca, Brouchales, Albarracin, 8 <J ,
3 ? , T. A. C.

Lestes vieens, Clip. Albarracin, 1 <J , T. A. C.

SYMPYCNA FUSCA, V. d. L. Cuenca, T. A. C, G. C. C, many examples.

Lewisham, London :

May Uth, 1902.

NOTES ON THE FEMALES OF ARCTIC AND NORTHERN SPECIES
OF A PAT AN I A (Plate III).

BY KENNETH JOHN MORTON, F.E.S.

Id dealing with Trichoptera from a purely systematic point of
view, it has been the practice, unacknowledged, I think, and perhaps
unconsciously followed, to give less attention to the study of the
females than to the other sex : at least this applies in my own case,
if any other worker objects to the general statement. iSueh a practice
is without difficulty accounted for. The examination and comparison
of the wonderfully complicated appendages of the males are at once
comparatively easy and interesting, while in the females the parts are
simpler, they apparently vary less amongst the species, are without
striking points in structure, and, most difficult feature of all, in
drying the parts shrink much and very unequally.

In the genus Apatania the females have an importance which
does not permit of their being ignored, or even of their being dealt
with in a superficial way. The occurrence of parthenogenesis in the
genus must be regarded as pretty well established, and two species
have been described which, so far, have only been found in the $ sex.
And in addition to the difficulties imported into the genus by the
existence of species of which only females are found, there is the
further difficulty— one probably indirectly connected with the
phenomenon of parthenogenesis— that one sometimes meets with
quantities of females unaccompanied by males in a given locality.
For instance, Apatania Wallengreni may sometimes be taken in large
numbers, the percentage of males being very small, and in some
gatherings apparently of this species males are absent altogether.
It may be that in such eases the percentage of males has originally

1902.] 151

been small, or that sex has passed off before the other. Whatever
may be the cause, the practical result is that one has frequently to
determine the species of Apatania from females alone, and this is none
too easy for the reasons given in the opening paragraph.

When on the Dovrefjold in 1900, L took a number of specimens,
exclusively females, which I could not determine satisfactorily, and I
have just passed through my hands a much larger collection, made by
Herr Embr. Strand, during the past summer in Arctic Norway. The
latter collection included numerous males of Apatania stigmatella,
Zett., but there were present many female examples which were
evidently not of that species ; and even amongst the females which
were associated writh A. stigmatella from the same locality, there were
one or two as to which I could not satisfy myself that they belonged
to that species. At this point it occurred to me to try a method
employed by Dr. Kis, in connection with the study of the smaller
Pcrlidee, namely, preparing the bodies as microscopic objects by rapid
boiling for a minute or two in caustic potash, whereby shrivelled up
bodies are practically restored to their original forms. I did not
expect more than to get a better idea of the form of the vulvar scale
and of the external plates of the apex of the abdomen, and I was
accordingly pleased to find that in addition to the restoration of
form the preparations showed an elaborate internal apparatus of rods
and plates, no doubt connected with the process of oviposition. As
this apparatus was strongly chitinized, the possibility of its varying in
shape in the different species at once suggested itself. A number of
preparations of all the available species were then made with a result
that was satisfactory, and the object of the present paper is to give at
least a preliminary idea of the structure referred to. I have neither
the time nor the knowledge to allow me to discuss the true nature and
functions of the apparatus, and what I have to say concerning it is
entirely from the point of view of helpiug towards a surer basis for
the determination of the females of the species concerned. As the
female of A. stigmatella has not to my knowledge been previously
figured, the information I give here regarding it may, of itself, give
some little value to these notes.

Walleugren divides the genus Apatania into two subgenera,
Apatania and Apatelia : —
A. Sub-costa and radius of the hind-wings near their outlet into the fore margin

considerably separated from each other Apatania.

AA. Sub-costa and radius of the hind-wings near their outlet into the fore margin

running together or crossing each other Apatelia.

152 rJuly-

On this character alone, the second sub-genus if, so to speak,
more typical, the connection between the sub-costa and radius being
evidently akin to the peculiar condition which these nervures assume
in the fore-wings. This character in the hind-wing is obscure, and
is not very easily made out in many specimens with the hand lens.
The division, however, is in certain respects natural.

On the above distinction in the neuration, the five species
referred to below would fall into the sub-geuera thus : —

Apatania Wallengreni and stiqmatella.

Apatelia muliebr is, arctica and fimbriata.

A. muliebris is quite different from both groups in some respects,
which will be alluded to hereafter.

In giving neuration-eharacters for his species, Wallengren seems
to use the points which Mr. McLachlan alluded to in his descriptions,
namely, the condition of the fift h apical cellule in the fore-wings, and
the condition of the fifth apical fork in the hind-wings, with respect
to its connection with the sector above it. But Mr. McLachlan's
references were indications of a tendency, rather than an actual
statement of characters, and at p. xlvi, Mon. Eev. Eur. Trichoptera,
Supplement, he renounced any faith he ever had in the second
character, and I fear the value of the former must fall in proportion
to the increase in the number of localities from which any particular
species is available for examination. There is a probability that in
each locality a particular type of neuration is dominant, but not
stable. The following analysis will serve to show that the above
characters cannot be used with any degree of certainty. A quotation
from the Mon. Rev. is given first, followed by the results of the
examination of the specimens now before me. With regard to the
first character, the condition of the fifth apical cellule in the fore-
wings, the following terms are used : —

" Biangulate " signifies that the two nervures arise from the anastomosis at two

separate points.
" Anastomosis " signifies that the two nervures arise from the anastomosis at the

same point.
" Footstalk " signifies that the cellule is connected with the anastomosis by a foot

stalk.

The connection of the 8th apical fork with the sector above it in
the hind-wings is explained by the following terms : —

" Nervure " means that there is a distinct nervure connecting the two.
" Point " means that the two are connected at or by a point.

1902.] 153

" Crossing " — almost similar to the last, but giving the impression that the nervures

cross each other.
"Confluent " — when the nervures run together for a distinct space.

Where two indications are given, read — left wing and right wing.
A. Wallengkeni :

FOUE-WINGS. UIND-WINGS.

Mon. Rev Slight footstalk ; perhaps more fre-
quently anastomosis Small nervure.

Lapland Anastomosis Point.

Finland Footstalk „

„ Anastomosis Minute nervure.

„ Long footstalk „ „

Rannoch (6 ex.) ...Footstalk Nervure.

„ „ Point.

„ (2 ex.) ... ,, Minute nervure.

„ „ Crossing.

A. STIGMATELLA :
Mon. Rev Not stated.

Nordreisen, Arctic

Norway Biangulate — Anastomosis Crossing.

„ (7 ex.)... Anastomosis Minute nervure.

„ „ Confluent.

„ ,, Minute nervure.

Lapland Biangulate —Anastomosis Crossing.

„ Anastomosis — Footstalk ,,

„ Footstalk — Anastomosis ?

Alten Anastomosis ?

A. MULIEBRTS :

Mon. Rev Anastomosis almost invariably Confluent or minute nervule.

Arundel Anastomosis — Biangulate ?

„ Minutely biangulate-Anastomosis ..Confluent.

„ „ „ „ ...Crossing.

Lanarkshire Anastomosis Confluent.

„ „ Slightly confluent.

Bohemia Anastomosis — Slight footstalk F

„ Anastomosis Confluent.

Haslithal Biangulate— Anastomosis Nervure.

Anastomosis — Biangulate

(5 ex.) . . . Biangulate

A. ARCTICA :
Mon. Rev Short footstalk or Anastomosis Minute nervure or point.

154 [July.

FORE-WINGS. HIND-WINGS.

Kaafjord (5 ex.) Anastomosis Nervure.

., Footstalk — Anastomosis „

Bosekop Anastomosis — Footstalk „

Nordreisen Footstalk ?

Domaas Anastomosis Nervine

Fokstueu Biangulate — Anastomosis „

,, (5 ex.) ...Anastomosis „

Spitzbergen Minute footstalk ?

„ (J ?

Nova Zeinbla Anastomosis Nervure.

,, „ Shortly confluent.

Vladivostock* ,, Point.

Swedenf Minute footstalk Crossing.

Iceland Anastomosis Minute nervure.

A. FIMBU1ATA :

Mon. Rev Short footstalk or Anastomosis Confluent in long space or

at a point.
Ireland
(many examples). Distinct footstalk Shortly confluent or crossing.

Bohemia Anastomosis Minute nervure.

A majusciila. McL., and A. inornata, Wall., T do not know, but
one of the characters given for majuscula is the confluence of the
5th apical fork with the sector above it at a point. I gather that one
of Wallengreu's characters for inornata is the presence of a connecting
nervule. As a reliable criterion for separating two very closely allied
species, I fear the details given above prove that it is quite inadequate.

I now proceed to refer to the apical abdominal segments, and to
the internal apparatus. With regard to the latter, although there
are other parts connected with it, my comparisons will refer to the
following : —

(1) The paired lateral blades ;

(2) The central triangular piece ;

(3) The central foot-shaped piece.

It is difficult in some preparations to make out all the parts
satisfactorily, but as a rule these three can be traced without trouble.

Apatania Wallengreni, McL.

The formation of the 9th segment and of the ovipositor makes the determina-
tion of the $ of this species an easy matter in most cases.

The 9th dorsal segment is very distinct ; hind margin well-defined, slightly
produced at either side and faintly in the middle when viewed from above. Tubular

* May represent a separate species.

t More probably./; mbria ta ; a large example. Neither of these two examples were " prepared,"

1902.] 155

piece seen from above is split, the superior opening being filled with a short fringe-
shaped, slightly upturned lobe or valve, beset with long hairs. Vulvar scale
moderately long, no free side lobes ; sides of the segment produced into a distinct
anglo ventrally, the angle being followed dorsalwards by a distinct excision.

The side blades of the internal apparatus are strong and well-defined, apex
obliquely truncate. Central triangular piece long and slender at the apex ; foot-
shaped piece1 has the " heel " slightly broader than the fore part.

A. STIGMATELLA, Zett.

The 9th segment large, when viewed from above, pointed in the middle of the
posterior margin, but the segment in dry examples is not always easy to separate
from the tubular piece, which above is divided into two sections pointed at the apex,
the points being usually visible even in dry specimens. The vulvar scale has usually
the appearance of having the apex truncate, but the scale in these insects is very
slightly chitiuized, and the form may therefore vary a little ; the character, never-
theless, seems real. There are no side lobes. The sides of the segment seen from
beneath are slightly produced, the angle being followed by a shallow excision.

In all the preparations the side blades are rather indistinct ; the central tri-
angular piece is elongated as in A. Wallengreni, while the foot-shaped piece has the
" heel " very narrow in all the preparations.

A. MULIEBRIS, McL.

The 9th segment is rather large ; when viewed from above the margin iB
rounded ; the tubular piece from the same point of view is usually only visible as a
little rounded process.

The vulvar scale has a prominent middle lobe, but I am unable to satisfy myself
that true side lobes exist. In certain preparations the internal apparatus is unusu-
ally exserted, and the curious lateral blades are in a position in which they might
readily be taken for the side lobes of the vulvar scale. The segment, behind the
vulvar scale, has on either side an oval lobe beset with hairs.

The internal apparatus is very different from all the other species examined,
with respect to the form of the apex of the lateral blades ; a better idea of which
will be gained from a reference to the figure than from a description. The central
triangular piece is of a form similar to that found in the two preceding species,
while the foot-shaped piece in the " heel " portion seems to assume a pocket-like
form, which is more characteristic of the two species which follow.

A. FIMBKIATA, Pictet.

The 9th segment is rounded on the margin when viewed from above, and the
tubular piece is as a rule little visible in preparations excepting as a little rounded
process.

The vulvar scale is relatively strong in its middle lobe, which has sometimes a
slightly clavate form, but the preparations vary in this respect. The side lobes are
strongly defined, slightly blunt and hairy. The internal apparatus is short and
robust in this species ; the central triangular piece is short and broad, while the
foot-shaped piece has a relatively very large " heel " or pocket (the figure, however,
shows, I think, the maximum development in this respect).

156 [July,

One preparation of an insect taken along with arctica (Fokstuen) seems to
belong to this species.

A. aectica, Boheman.

The 9th segment, viewed from above, forms in its ehitinized part a narrow
transverse band. The tubular piece, assuming all the preparations to belong to one
species, shows a great variety of form, probably on account of the varying degree of
exsertion, in some examples the apex of tlic abdomen being quite blunt, while in
others it is produced into an ovipositor.

The vulvar scale has a prominent middle lobe, and very distinct hairy side
lobes, triangular in form, but varying in breadth, according to the position from
which they are seen. In this species, and in fimbriata, there is a large horizontal
plate with rounded outer margin under the tubular piece.

In the figure given of the internal apparatus the rods as shown there are not
usually visible in this shape, being apparently covered by the large lateral blades
The central triangular piece is in this species relatively broad. In practically all
the Norwegian examples the " heel " is slightly excised, and in this respect different
from the examples from Spitsbergen and Iceland.

It is unfortunate that I have not been able to compare
undoubted ly authentic ? examples of Apatania majuscula, McL. It
is just possible that one of the forms included under arctica is
really majuscula. While it is highly probable that most of these
boreal females that are grouped under the name of arctica, belong to
a parthenogenetic form, there must not be over confidence in this, es-
pecially with respect to the insects from the mainland. I have
alluded to the remarkable discrepancies in the numbers of the two
sexes of a non-partheuogenetic (using the expression not in an
absolute sense) species, suggesting that the males had passed off.
The males of some of the species no doubt appear early, A. majuscula
being recorded from lrkutzk in May. When collectors reach
Arctic or Alpine Norway in time to see Ghionobas Noma and
Argynnis Freija in rags, they may be also rather late to catch the
males of certain species of Apatania.

In making the investigation on which the above notes are based
I have made free use of Herr Strand's material, and I am also
indebted in an exceptional degree to Mr. McLachlau for placing at
my disposal, without restriction, valuable material from Central
Europe and from high northern latitudes, including Spitzbergen,
Nova Zernbla and Iceland.

The figures of the abdomen from above and beneath are all
drawn to the same scale, excepting No. 11 ; the figures of the internal
apparatus being on a still larger scale.

19013.] 157

EXPLANATION OF PLATE III.

APATANIA WALLENGRENI.

1, apex of abdomen from above ; 2, ditto from beneath ; 3, internal apparatus
from beneath.

APATANIA STIGMATELLA.

4, apex of abdomen from above ; 5, ditto from beneath ; 6, internal apparatus

from beneath.

Apatania muliebris.

7, apex of abdomen from above ; 8, ditto from beneath ; 9, internal apparatus
from beneath.

Apatania fimbriata.

10, apex of abdomen from above ; 11, ditto from beneath ; 12, internal appara-
tus from beneath.

Apatania arctica.

13, apex of abdomen from above (Spitsbergen) ; 14, ditto from above, more
exserted (Kaafjord) ; 15, ditto from beneath (Spitsbergen) ; 16, ditto from beneath,
in part, more exserted (Kaafjord) ; 17, ditto from beneath, in part, much exserted
Kaafjord) ; 18, internal apparatus from beneath (Spitsbergen) ; 19, base of foot-
shaped piece (Kaafjord, Nordreisen, Bruendhaugen,' &c).

13, Blackford Road, Edinburgh :
March, 1902.

HISTORICAL NOTES ON APORIA CRATMQI IX BRITAIN.
BY C. W. DALE, P.E.S

The only part of Britain where this species still exists is in the
county of Kent. Accounts of its occurrence there are given in the
Ent. Mo. Mag., vols, xxiii and xxiv ; Entomologist, 1890, p. 332 ; and
Ent. Eecord. 1901, p. 300. It formerly existed in the following
counties : —

Surrey. —J. F. Stephens wrote in the Zoologist, vol. v, p. 16 1 fi, "The first
visit I paid to Coombe Wood, on May 24th, 1810, I met with several specimens of
cratrpgi ;" and in his Illustrations, " In June, 1810, I saw it in plenty at Coombe
Wood, and in the following year I captured several on Muswell Hill ; since which
I have not seen any at large."

Middlesex. — In a footnote to p. 1616 of the Zoologist, vol. v, Mr. Stephens
also wrote: "The late Mr. Haworth told me that he found this insect at Little
Chelsea for nearly thirty successive years ; but about 1818 it disappeared from that
neighbourhood."

Sussex.— See Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxiii, p. 217.

Isle of Wigiit. — Rare, Quarr Copse, Alfred Owen (Newman's Butterflies, 1871).

Hampshire. — Near Petersfield, Rev. H. Harpur Crewe; Bishop's Waltham,
Southsea, H. Monereaff ; Farnham, common in 1847, Kmsworth, W. H. Draper
(Newman's Butterflies). An interesting history is given of its occurrence in the
New ForeBt by Mr. Gross in the Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxiii, p. 218.

158 [July,

Cornwall. — A note appeared in Science Gossip of January, 1R93, mentioning
the occurrence of specimens as late as 1891 (Lucas, Brit. Butterflies).

Dorsetshire. — Glanvilles Wootton, sparingly ; last taken by J. C. Dale on
June 10th, 1815.

Devonshire.— Sec Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxiii, pp. 256, 277.
Somersetshire.— Langport, in June, 1833, W. Paul ■ Clevedon, A. E. Hudd
(Newman's Butterflies).

Gloucestersh irk. —Near Bristol, in plenty, Capt. Blomer, in 1831 ; also in
1871 and 1872, J. Merrin.

MoNMOUTnsniRE, Herefordshire, and Glamorganshire.— See Ent. Mo.
Mag., vol. xxiii, p. 219. A note appeared in the Entomologist for 1895 (vol. xxviii),
p. 19), respecting the finding of larvas and imagines in Monmouthshire in 1894!

North Wales, Shropshire, Worcestershire, and Staffordshire. — See
Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxiv, p. 39. Evesham, in Worcestershire, is also given in
Morris's Butterflies.

Berkshire. — Enborne, J. C. Dale, 1807 to 1810 ; Burghfield, near Reading,
Rev. C. X. Bird, 1834.

Bedfordshire. — Near Bedford, Rev. Dr. Abbott, 1799 ; from one pupa he
bred twenty ichneumons.

Huntingdonshire. — Whittlcsea Merc and Monk's Wood, on July 4th and
6th, 1833, in great plenty, J. F. Stephens (Entom. Mag., vol. i) j Monk's Wood,
plentifully on June 3rd, 1811, IT. Doubleday.

Northamptonshire. — Barnwell Wold, 1852, &c.,Rev. W. Bree (Zoologist, vol.
x, p. 2351). See also Ent. Mo. Mag., vol. xxiii, p. 218.

Norfolk and Suffolk arc merely given as counties for it in Curtis' Brit.
Ent., but probably correctly, as Mr. Curtis was a native of Norfolk, and in the early
days of Ray, Moses Harris, and Lewin, it was considered too common a species to
give localities for. Indeed, in his " Hints to Proprietors of Orchards," published in
London in 1816, Salisbury considers it a common garden insect, and states that "it
commits great destruction every spring, not only to the apple trees, but other kinds
of fruit trees ; it is very subject to the attacks of the ichneumon flies."

GHanvilles Wootton, Dorset :
April, 1902.

Notes on tioo British Satvflies. —

Pachj/protasiv antennata, King.- — 1 have very seldoni seen this species in
British collections, but Miss E. Chawner tells me it is quite common at Lyndhurst,
and she has kindly supplied me with a number of specimens of both sexes bred by
herself this year and last. Some of the insects were quite freshly killed, and one
actually alive, when she gave them to me ; and I was surprised to find their colour,
in this condition, quite different from that which they afterwards assume by fading,
and which is attributed to them in all descriptions known to me. When absolutely
fresh P. antennata has the costa and stigma of a rich and vivid green, though paler
in fact, but for its slender shape and long antennae it might be mistaken for a highly

1902.] 159

coloured Rhogogcstera picta. Within a week after death the stigma in all my
specimens became completely black ; and the body markings were already beginning
to fade from green to yellow — this change, however, being as yet only just per-
ceptible. I think this worth recording, as neither in King's original description,
nor in the later ones of Cameron and Andre, does the word "green," or any equiva-
lent of it, occur at all — they speak only of black and yellow, having no doubt
described from specimens which had lost the original coloration. The blackening
of the stigma seems to me a remarkable phenomenon, and I should be glad to know
why in this respect P. antennata differs from other sawflies — e. g., various species
of Pleronus and Rhogogastera, in which the stigma is either green permanently, or,
if it fades, fades to white or yellow. In the green bodied Tenthredo mesomela, L.,
the stigma is black ; but I believe it is so always, even in living specimens. I do
not know any parallel to the change from green to black which takes place with
such curious rapidity in the stigma, &c, of /'. antennata. So far as I can see it is
not a mere external blackening of the surface, but a complete conversion of the
colouring substance contained in the stigma from green to black. On the other
hand the fading of the green body markings into yellow seems to occur almost
universally in sawflies of this coloration, though it sometimes takes years to com-
plete the process.

Strongt/logaster cingulatus, F. — In a previous note I have recorded the occur-
rence of numerous males of this species at Swanage, although Cameron and Smith
both found this sex so rare, that the former writer concludes that the species is
mainly parthenogenetic This spring, when collecting with Dr. Sharp near Lynd-
hursf at the end of May, I again found males in abundance, but, strange to say, not
on the ferns where the females were common. Between us we took some 30 or 40
specimens, flying up one after another to circle about the tip of a little isolated
beech seedling (a mere dry stick with half-a-dozen leaves on it) during a short
sunny interval, about 1.30 p.m. on a dull day. And I saw a few others behaving
similarly round a spray of wild rose hard by. What was the attraction to them I
do not know, but it was curious to see them come up one after another, wheel about
once or twice, and then fly away. There was never a crowd of them, but a constant
succession, as long as the gleams of sunshine lasted. I believe there may have been
one or two also among the ferns with the females, but if so, it was quite the ex-
ception. As a rule the females stuck to the ferii, and the males would have nothing
to do with it ; whereas at Swanage, if I remember rightly, the fern was frequented
by both sexes indifferently and exclusively.— F. D. Morice, Brunswick, Woking :
June, 1902.

The identity of Eucera Jongicomin, Linn. — At the request of Herr J. D.
Alfken, I have recently examined the type specimens of this species in the
Linnean Collection at Burlington House, and they are clearly referable to the
species generally known on the Continent as difJficUis, Perez, and described under
this name by Friese (Apidae Europsea}), and not to the species described by him as
lungicornis, Linn. The males of the two species, though very much alike, are
easily distinguished, that of longicornis, Linn., = difficilis, having the posterior
metatarsi slightly curved, and that of the other species (which will require another

160 [July,

name) having the metatarsi quite straight. In this country we have only one
species, viz., that with the curved metatarsi, which has always stood with us as
longicornis, L., and as it proves to be identical with that of Linnaeus, no change will
be necessary in our List — but the species known on the Continent as longicornis, with
the straight metatarsi, will have to be renamed. What name should be applied to
it is open to considerable doubt, as the synonyms of longicornis, L., according to
Dalla Torre are numerous — there appears to be a choice between linguaria, Fab.,
furax, Rossi, tuberculata, Fab., strigosa, Pz , vulgaris, Spin., bicincla, Lep., vidua,
Lep., nigrescens, Perez. Reference to the types of these will be necessary before
deciding on the name lo be selected, and I therefore refrain from offering any
suggestion on this point. — Edward Saunders, St. Ann's, Woking: June Mth, 1902.

A Correction. — In the Report of the Birmingham Entomological Society, ante
page 136, is a slight error which I should like to correcl, viz., Pompilus cinctellus,
Stelis alerrima, Agenia hircana, Pseudagenia punctum, all from Wyre Forest, being
given as new to the district. Pompilus cinctellus has been taken several times by
Mr. Martineau,and there is an old record of S. aterrima by the Rev. T. A. Marshall.
The other two, A. hircana and P. punctum, are I believe new records for Wyre
Forest. — Ralph C. Bradley, Moseley, Birmingham : June 6th, 1902.

Ants displaced by Woodliee in New Zealand. — At page 132 ante, lines 15 and
29, where Mr. W. W. Smith writes of "The introduced English Woodlouse
(Porcellio grangei)," to what species does he refer? No woodlouse is known in
England by this name. Presumably " grangei " loc. cit. is a mis-reading of graniger,
White (1847), which Miers in 1876 unfortunately failed to synonymize (as he
ought to have done, having the type-specimens under his eyes) with P. scaber,
Latr. But in this case, why is the synonymy given instead of the name ? and why
should the species be referred to as English especially, rather than European or
almost cosmopolitan ? — A. E. Eaton, Woodlands, Seaton, Devon : June, 1902.

The National Collection of British Lepidoptera. — As this Collection in the
Natural History Museum at South Kensington is now being re-arranged, revised
and augmented, a convenient opportunity is afforded for making it what we all wish
it to be, that is, thoroughly representative of the Lepidoptera of the British
Islands.

One very important improvement would be the addition, in as much detail as
poesible, of the early stages of each species. It is hardly to be hoped, however,
that this desirable end could be obtained in any way approaching completeness
without the assistance of the entomological public. We therefore venture to ask
our readers to help the Museum to effect this useful work by contributing whatever
material, either living or preserved, that they may have to spare. There are already
larva! and pupre of a few species in the Collection, but all the examples are not
good, so that gifts of ova, larva; and pupa' of any species would be acceptable.
Lists of presentations, with names of donors, will be published in this Journal
each month. — Eds.

1902.] 161

Xenolechia cethiops in Dumbartonshire.— Daring the last four or five years I
have taken this insect, mostly isolated specimens, on the Moors here. This year I
resolved to make a special endeavour to obtain a number (as some of my corres-
pondents stood in need of it), and I was fortunate in succeeding beyond my most
sanguine expectations. On April 22nd I got one specimen somewhat worn ; the
weather was bitterly cold, and the season of the most backward kind, strong north-
east winds were the general order of things, and most of the insects were late in ap-
pearing. I understood that unless I discovered something of the habits of the species
I wanted I stood a poor chance of securing many specimens. In considering what
would be the most likely part of the Moor to get some sheltered spots, I remem-
bered that at one of the most likely there was a burnt patch of heather. This part
had some years ago yielded a few specimens. Taking this and the fact that Phycis
carbonariella, a similarly coloured species, occurring later in the year, must be
looked for in just such spots, I resolved to give it a trial ; I was most successful.
Before I had been half an hour on the burnt part I had netted a very con-
siderable number, and before I left off I had a sufficient number to satisfy my
correspondents. The insects have a most aggravating habit of flying very low
among the burnt stems, and an incautious sweep of the net means ruin to it and not
to the insect. Even when settled on the ground, littered as it is with burnt twigs,
they are perfectly secure ; they are so similar in colour to their surroundings that
the sharpest eyes fail to detect them. Another habit they have is that of settling on
the steins near the top, and running down to the roots on the under-sides when the
stems are bent. While I was on the ground a shower of rain succeeded a cold wind,
and although I had repeatedly traversed the portion in which they were commonest
without seeing a single specimen, whenever the rain fell they sprung into life and
appeared to be more numerous than ever, in fact I swept four into my net at the
same time. The flight seemed to be for the purpose of obtaining shelter, as it did
not last long, and I took one specimen which was about to settle on the lee side of
a fence post. After the rain was past I observed a good many on the wing in the
sunshine along with Peronea mixtana and Amphisa prodromana. — J. R. Malloch,
17, Dillichip Terrace, Bonhill : May, 1902.

Soridj).

Entomological Society of London : May 1th, 1902. — The Rev. Canon
Fowlee, M.A., D.Sc, F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Mr. Charles R. Chichester, B.A., M.B., L.R.C.P., of Bathurst, Gambia, West
Africa, and Clonmore, Co. Cork, and Mr. J. H. Lewis, of Ophir, Otago, New Zealand,
were elected Fellows of the Society.

Mr. H. W. Shepheard-Walwyn exhibited a gynandromorphous specimen of
Anthocharis cardamines, taken near Winchester in 1899. The left side was that of
a normal male, the right that of a normal female, with the exception ef a splash of
orange pigment on the under-side of the primary. Mr. H. Gross, two male specimens
of Saturnia carpini from Essex, bred on whitethorn, and three males of the same
species caught in Surrey by the aid of bred (virgin) females. He remarked that as
a rule bred specimens were smaller than wild, but the bred Essex specimens were

162 [July,

larger than those captured in Surrey. The Essex specimens were light in colour,
while the Surrey specimens were not only much smaller in size, but very dark,
probably because their larva; had fed upon Erica or Call una. Colonel C. Swinhoe
announced the emergence of Cossus ligniperda in the Zoological Society's Gardens
from a pupa received in a piece of wood from South Africa, and said it was
remarkable that the species should have been introduced there, and then brought
back to Great Britain. Professor E. B. Poulton, two Euploeince captured in Fiji
by Professor Gilson, and presented by him to the Hope Department. The species,
which belonged to the different genera Nipara and Deragena, bore the closest
superficial resemblance to each other, affording an interesting example of Miillerian
or Synaposematic likeness ; also several specimens of Smerinthus populi which had
been exposed during the pupal stage to the intense heat of July, 1900. In con-
sequence of this " forcing " the moths emerged towards the end of that month, and
were markedly different in colour from the normal, being much paler in tint with
less distinct markings, and the red of the hind-wings of a very different shade.
They were also smaller, but this effect may have followed from the larvae having
been brought up under artificial conditions in the Oxford Museum. The Rev. A. E.
Eaton, drawings illustrating the wing of Pampterinus latipennis, Etn. MS., a
remarkable Dipterous fly of the Family Psychodida, from New Guinea, in the
collection of the Hungarian National Museum, Budapest. This wing is oblong-
ovate in form and of extraordinary breadth, being considerably dilated in the areas
posterior to the postical vein, and still more so in the marginal area, which is the
broadest of all. The submarginal area at the costa is slightly wider than the full
span of the radial fork, and each of them is wider than any of the remaining areas
that have not been mentioned above. The short mediastinal vein near its ending in
the subcosta is joined by a perpendicular cross-vein to the sub-costa, where the wing
(deeply concave thereabouts) is crossed by a crease. The axils of the radial and
pobrachial forks are nearer to the cross-veins than in Pericoma fusca (sketches ex-
hibited), the type of species to which the New Guinea fly has most affinity.
Both surfaces of the wing arc clothed with minute truncate obovate-cuneate
imbricated scales inserted in the membrane, as well as in the veins.

Professor Louis Compton Miall, F.R.S., communicated a paper " On a new
cricket of aquatic habits found in Fiji by Professor Gustave Gilson. Mr. R.
McLachlan said that this was not the first time an Orthopteron of aquatic habits
had been noticed. Mr. Pascoe had brought back one such insect from the Amazons>
which leaped on the leaves of aquatic plants, and there was a recent record of
another species with kindred habits being found in Java.

Professor E. B. Poulton remarked that Professor Miall was interested in insects
which skate upon the water, but there were also some Orthoptera which were
aquatic in another sense. Mr. Annandale had brought back from the Malay region
an aquatic insect of this Order (a Blatia), which was far too heavy to skim upon
the surface. The President added that there was some Coleoptera which, although
non-aquatic, were so specialized as to be able to use their limbs in a similar manner
to water-beetles. Dr. T. A. Chapman, M.D., F.Z S., communicated a paper on
"Asymmetry in the Males of Hemarine and other Sphinges." Mr. E. Meyrick,
B.A., F.Z.S., communicated a paper on " Lepidoptera from the Chatham Islands."
— H. Rowland-Beown, Hon. Sec.

1902.] 163

REVISION OF THE NOMENCLATURE OF MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA.

BY THE RIGHT HON. LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.I)., F.R.S., &c,

AND

JOHN HARTLEY DURRANT, F.E.8.
(Continued from Vol. XXXVIII, page 29).

Billberg's Enumeratio (1820).

In the third edition of his Catalog (following Scudder) Staudinger
has adopted certain of Billberg's logonymic genonyms sinking as
their synonyms other genonyms well-known to all Lepidopterists.
That the names now employed are unfamiliar does not necessarily
imply that their rescue from oblivion is unjustifiable, but as logonyms
were also used for a few genera of Micro- Lepidoptera it becomes
incumbent on us to publish decisions which have already been ex-
pressed in litt. We have been asked whether there is any evidence
that the book was ever published, and whether it is not probable that
it was merely the privately printed catalogue of a private collection ;
we have also been asked whether we regard Billberg's names as valid
genonyms.

Through the extreme courtesy of Professor G. Lindstrom, we
were enabled in 1892 to study the copy in the Library of the Academy
of Sciences, Stockholm, and Dun-ant made a careful transcript of the
introduction, and of the pages relating to the Lepidoptera. The title
and collation are as follows : — " Enumeratio | Insectorum | in I Museo
j Gust. Joh. Billberg. | Eeg. Svec. Judicii Decasterii cameralis Con-
silarii. | Beg. Ord. de Stella polari Equitis | Acadd. et Societt. Svec.
et exter Membri. | Typis Gadelianis, 1820" [= Holmiae].

4° pp. (i-iv) -f 138 [pp. (i-iv) unpaged = (i) title ; (ii) blank ;
(iii-iv) Expl. Sign. Auct. Lepidoptera, pp. 75 — 93].

N.B. — The abbreviation " Eg." = " Auctor hujus operis." From
general appearance the book would appear to have been properly
published, and has been accepted as published by those who have
dealt with it.

As little appears to be known among Lepidopterists about Bill-
berg, his Enumeratio, or his Collection, it may be well to reprint what
of importance is known to us on the subject.

Hummel (A.D.), Essais Entomologiques, IV, 3—4 (St. Peters-
bourg, 1825), wrote thus of " Enumeratio Insectorum in Museo G.
J. Billberg. 1820. in 4 " :—

" Mr. Ego a fait tout son possible pour augmenter la confusion dans la synony-
niie des genres, en cre'ant de nouvelles denominations absurdes et qui ne prouvent
qu'une seule chose : l'envie de placer son Ego apres des noms tels qu' Olethrus au lieu

164 [July>

de Lethrus,Hopla au lieu do Hoplia, Coprias au lieu de Copris, Chelonitex au lieu
de Chelonarium, Anabias au lieu d'Anobium, Dixu.i au lieu de Ditomus, Harpalens
au lieu de Harpalus, Apius au lieu A'Apion, Bones au lieu de Doros, etc., etc. Heu-
reusement les exemplaires de cette inonstrueuse ('numeration sont devenus fort rares,
parce que la plus grande partie de l'edition a ete la proie de l'incendie qui en 1822
detruisit la precieuse bibliotheque et les belles collections de l'auteur. Cet evene-
ment, si deplorable sous tous les autres rapports, et qui a inspire le plus vif interet
pour Mr. Billberg a tons ceux qui aiment l'Histoire naturelle, ne fut cependant pas
sans utilite par les bornes qu'il mit a des innovations mal fondles et passablement
ridicules."

Hummel, Essais entomologiques, V, pref. p. [iii] (1826), wrote
further in November, 1825 : —

" On vienfc de m'informer que mon respectable compatriote, Monsieur Billberg
de Stockholm, s'est trouve tres-offense des observations que j'ai hasardees sur son
Enumeratio Insectorum, dans le Numero IV. de nies Essais, page 3, et qu'il y a
reconnu autant d'ignorance que de mecbancete de ma part. Coinme il en juge
ainsi, je dois m'avouer coupable d'avoir pris dans ces observations un ton qui ne
convient point a un simple amateur de rEntoniologie, fort eloigne de pretendre a
l'lionneur d'etre compte parrai les savans. La colere est la plus penible des sensa-
tions, et si pour un moment j'en ai fait eprouver a Mr. Billberg, je m'empresse de
lui en demander pardon publiquement et de tout mon coeur."

Hagen, Stett. Ent. Ztg., V, 70, No. 17 (1844), wrote thus of

"Die Sammlung des Kainmerrath Billberg.
Seine erste Sammlung verbrannte bei einer Feuersbrunst. Eine spiiter an-
gelegte verkaufte er iiacb England, und hat darauf eine dritte angelegt. Keine ist
von bedeutendem wissenscbaftlicben Werthe gewesen, alle aber seblecht kon-
servirt. Ein boebst unkritischer Catalog: Ennmeratio insectorum in museo Bill-
berg, Stockholm, 1820, in Ito, ist. wohl kaum in den Bncbhandel gekommen."

Hagen, Bibl. Ent. 1, 53 (1862), wrote further of the col-
lections : —

" Seine erste Sammlung, dcren Verzeiclmiss gedruckt ist, verbrannt 1822 bei
einer Feuersbrunst (cf. Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1844, p. 70) ; eine zweite verkaufte er
nach England an Children (jetzt ini Britt. Mus.);" and of their 'Enumeratio' :
" Nach einem zum Theil eigentbiimliehen System, mit Angabe der Familien-
Charactere."

We may assume that Billberg's Enumeratio was published, and
that the estimation of its scientific merit by his "compatriot" Hum-
mel, in 1825, was that generally held at the time. We have also
learnt from the above extracts that Billberg's library, and the col-
lection of which his book was the " Enumeratio," were destroyed by
fire in 1822.

Calling Dr. Giinther's attention, in 1892, to Hagen's statement
that Billberg's second collection was in the British Museum, he
replied as follows : —

1903 ] 165

" I searched the old Departmental documents, with the object of learning what
had become of Billbcrg's second collection, said by Hagen to have come into the
British Museum through Children. Children was Assistant Librarian from 1816 —
1837, and Keeper of the Zoological Department from 1837—1840. He had a
private collection of Insects, and seems to have bought Billbcrg's specimens, or at
least part of them, for his private collection. I have found a (private) memorandum,
dated September, 1829, on which a number of Coleoptera are enumerated, stated to
be missing from Billberg's Museum. From this it is clear that he did not acquire
all Billberg's types. When Children resigned in 1840, his collection was sold by
auction, and a part of it purchased by the Museum. The specimens thus purchased
we can still distinguish by our register-marks. Most probably some of Billberg's
types are among them, but as Children stated on his labels only specific names, but
not the origin of the specimens, we can recognize Billberg's specimens by circum-
stantial evidence only, viz., when they bear a Billbergian species on an old Children-
ian label. All these remarks refer to Coleoptera only ; I have no evidence that
specimens of any other Order of Insects were transferred from Billberg's Museum
to the British Museum, or even to Children's private collection.

I wonder how Hagen got at the history of Billberg's collection." [Dr. A.
Gunther, i. I., 12. VII. 1892.]

Zetterstedt, Insecta Lapponica (1840), employed some of Bill-
berg's genonyms, and he appears to Lave been the only Lepidopterist
who adopted any of them before Scudder ; [Historic Sketch of the
Generic Names proposed for Butterflies : a contribution to Systematic
Nomenclature.— Pr. Am. Ac. Arts and Sc, Boston, X (2 s., II),
91-293. Salem (1S75)].

As it is through Scudder's work that these names have been
revived in the Rhojmlocera, it is necessary that we should endeavour
to ascertain on what grounds these genonyms were held to be valid
by Scudder.

Staudinger and Rebel, Cat. Lp. Pal., I, 14, No. 14 (1901),
following Scudder, give

" Leptidia, Billbg., 1820 (= Leucopliasia, Steph., 1827)," for
sinapis, L.

Scudder, Pr. Am. Ac. Art. Sc, Boston, X (2 s., II), 204, No. G12
(1875), records—

"Leptidia. 1820. Billb. Enum. Ins., 7G, sinapis. Sole species,
and therefore type. Never since used, but should certainly be re-
stored. See Leptoria" [Wstwd., 1841], " and Leucophasia" [Stph.,
1827].

Scudder (I. c, 204— 5) : " Leptosia. 181G. Hiibn., Verz. 95:
sinapis (lathyri), Alcesta, Xiphia (chlorographa), Brephos. 1858.
Kirb., List Brit. Rhop. : employs it for sinapis (candida, erysimi).
1870. Butl, Cist. Ent. i. 39, 54 : specifies sinapis (lathyri) as type,

166 [J«iy.

but wrongly, as this was already the type of three different genera!
See Leptidia. Sinapis was taken as type of Leptidia in 1S20, Bre-
phos has belonged to Leueidia since 1847, Alcesta and Xipbia are
congeneric, and Xiphia may be taken as the type. See Nina and
Nychitona."

Scudder (I. c, 205), " Leucophasia.* 1827. Steph., 111. Brit. Ent.
Haust. i. 24 : sinapis. Sole species, and therefore type, as specified
by Westwood (Gen. Syn. 87). Used in the same sense by many sub-
sequent authors. Falls before Leptidia. See also Leptoria."

Scudder (/. c, 201) : "Leptoria.* 1841. Westw., Brit. Butt. 31 :
sinapis (candida). Sole species, and therefore type. Falls before
Leptidia. See also Leucophasia and Leptosia, for the latter of which
it was probably a misprint."

Scudder overlooked entirely Stph., 111. Br. Ent., Haust. IV, 404
(1835): "244 Leptoiua (Leucophasia). 1001 Sinapis, 24, 5811"
and therefore failed to understand that thero was no such genus as
" Leptoria, AVstwd.," that Westwood was quoting from Stephens,
who had written f Leptoiua [Hb.], Steph., in error for JLeptosia, lib.,
and that in 1835 Stephens intended to convey the idea that Leptosia,
lib. (1818) [-\Leptoria (Hb.), Stph.] = Leucophasia, Stph. (1827),
type, sinapis. Scudder proposes Xiphia for the type of Leptosia in
1S75, neglecting to observe that Stephens had made sinapis the type
in 1835. If Leptidia be inadmissible this action must be studied by
those interested in the Rhopalocera.

[N.B. — Scudder quotes Billberg's genus as Leptidia, while our
transcript gives the name as Leptidea. It is obvious that either
Scudder or Durrant has wrongly copied this name, but this discre-
pancy does not affect the argument.]

As few of our readers can have had the opportunity of studying
Billberg's Enumeratio, Leptidea may be taken as a typical example,
and everything possibly relating to it is reproduced for those inter-
ested in the subject, with the object that they may decide for themselves
the question of the validity or invalidity of Billberg's names.

" 2. Subclassis Astegopteba.

Alis non tcctis.
I. Ordo Lepidoptera :
Aliis plerumque squauioso-imbricatis ; lingua spirali filiformi, rare nulla.

I. Tribus Ephemerina :
Alis quiescentiuni erectis : antennis cxtrorsim crassioribus, 1. capitatis.
I. Nat. Papilionides.
Tibiia posterioribus apice tantum calcaratus : tarsis diatincte unguiculatus.

1902.] 167

I. Divia. Peclibus omnibus, 6 gressorius ;" (Billbg., 1. v., 75).

" 2. Subdiv. alis inferioribus pro abdomine canalein formantibus ;"
" 2. Manip. alis oblongis.

G. leptidea, Eg.— Pontia, Fbr., Ltr., &c.

Sinapis. Svec. Linn.

G. acaptera, Eg. — Papilio, Dr.

(Typus Papilio crisia)." (Billbg., I. c, 7ti.)

N.B. — Billbg., I. c, 76. — " I. Manip. Alis subtrigonis " sepa-
rated " Glycestua Dim. (MSS.) ;" " Cepoua Dim. (MSS.) ;"
" Ganyua Dim. (MSS.)," and " Gonrptera, Eg." {sic) — " Gone-
ptertx, Lch. Ed. enc," &c, for " Rhemni " (sic) and " Cleopatra,'"
from the two genera included in Manip. 2.

[Those who hold inviolable, and established for all time, a name
containing an obvious error in orthography are to be congratulated
on the acquisition of GOHKPTEIIA a more recent acquisition is
" flavib is." Is this to persist in this form or to be corrected to
flavibasis ?].

It will doubtless be conceded by all that genonyms and idionyms
are absolutely invalid, unless their application is comprehensible. It
is a concession to the older writers that we accept a named but unde-
scribed genus if its types are recognisable. The reason for this
concession being that in the great proportion of their described genera
the generic diagnosis being absolutely useless and unscientific, such
genera are to all intents and purposes not described at all, and there-
fore have no better claim to recognition than genera which were
undescribed but illustrated by types. In both cases all we cau rely
upon is the genonym and the types which elucidate it.

Hiibner's Tentamen and Billberg's Enumeratio appear at first
sight to require similar treatment— yet the two series of names,
absolutely logonymic so far as each work is concerned, are quite
dissimilar. The actual species intended by the type of Hiibner's
Tentamen genera can be at once ascertained from his inconographic
works.

[If in any case the figure of a Tentamen type were unpublished
at the date of the publication of the Tentamen, such genonym and
idionym were mere logonymns until they were elucidated by the figure,
and the genus only became completed and valid at the date on which
the figure was published.]

It must be granted by all that the Tentamen intention is capable
of comprehension. Can the same be said of Billberg's Enumeratio ?
Can it be argued that the mere citation of sinapis, L.," by Billberg

168 [July. 1902.

elucidated Leptidea, Billbg. ? Billberg may or may not have correctly
identified " sinapis, L.," but in any case his type of Leptidea was not
Linnaeus' type of sinapis, but the species which was sinapis (L.), teste
Billbg.

How can we know that in Billberg's collection the actual expo-
nent of rapes, L., may not have been " sinapis, Ego," and of sinapis,
L.." rapes, Ego " ? Certainly Hummel does not give us much confidence
in accepting Billberg's determinations, and Hummel was in a better
position to judge than we can possibly be. It may of course be
argued that Billberg could not be mistaken in his identification of
Rhopalocera, but surely all his genera must stand or fall upon one
and the same principle. We cannot accept " Bnosis Eg, — Tinea ol.
muscatella, ISvec, Ebr.," as invalidating Incurvaria, Hw., one of the
types of which is muscalclla, E., and if his authority cannot be justi-
fied in one instance why should it be accepted in another (or others).
The mere citation of a type without elucidation must involve a
possible fallacy — we cannot therefore assume that doubt does not
exist, in which case alone can citation be accepted as valid- muscatella
(E.), teste Billbg., may or may not = rntiscalella, F. How can we
decide the point ?

Two examples gathered from Scudder may explain our position.
Scdr., Pr. Am. Ac, AS., Boston, X (2 s., II), 170, No. 421 (1875),
accepts.

" Eulepis. 1820. Dalm. in Billb., Enum. Ins. 80: Athamas. Sole species,
and therefore type;" the foundation being " Eulepis, Dim. (MSS.) — Nymphi-
d'ium, Fbr. — Lemonias, 111. — Papilio et Hesperia, ol. Athamas" [sine loc. Drnt.
MS.], " Eg., 36" (Billbg., I. c, 80).

The species and genus were absolutely logonyms (nomina nuda)
and absolutely incomprehensible, and yet Scudder accepts them from
Billberg's Enumeratio ! Scdr. Pr. Am. As. A.S., Boston, X (2 s. II),
104, No. 28 (1875).

" Aeropetes.* Billb., Enum. Ins. 79 : Liens (Licas), Tulbagliia. There is a
Castnian with the name of the first species, and it is probably the insect meant by
Billberg, although the species is Drury's,and not Fabricius's, as stated by the writer.
The group as thus constituted, consists of wholly incongruous material, and may be
discarded. See Meneris."

This is the introduction of the personal equation on the part of
Scudder, who does not like this particular Billbergian genus— but the
geononym Aeropetes is as valid as any other of Billberg's names.
According to Scudder (I. c, 21G, No. 6S0) : —

August, 1902.] 1(]9

" Meneris. 1840. [Boisd. in] Doubl., List Br. Mus. 10f. : Tulbaghia. Sole
species, and therefore type." limited the possible type of AEROPKTKS,
Billbg. to Billberg's first idionym (whatever it may represent).

Billberg, I. c, 70, writes thus: — "Aeeopetes Eg — Brassolis Fbr. —
Papilio ol. Lieas, Surin. Fbr. Tulbagbia, Cap. b. sp. Linn."

Licas (F.) teste Billbg. is identified with the Castnian IAcus, Drury.
And yet the citation of sinopis, L., is accepted without question !

One further example must be quoted to demonstrate Scudder's
wanton acceptance of mere logonyms (nomina nuda) as valid genonyms.

Sedr. Pr. Am. Ac. A.S., Boston, X (2, s. II), 232, No. 766 (1875) :—

" Ogyris. 1847. Doubl., List Br. Mus. 20 : Idmo, Abrota, Damo
(all inedited). 1852. Westw., Gen. Diurn. Lep. 472 : Abrota, Idmo:
the former is figured."

" Since Doubleday's genus was undeseribed, and at the time when it was proposed
all the species were inedited, the genus can only date from 1852, though it should
bear Doubleday's name : at this time the only published species was Abrota, and
this therefore must be the type. Idmo was not published until 18G2, and Damo is
still a MS. name."

Indexing Scudder's record, we obtain the following results : —

OGYRIS, Wstwd.
[= Ogyris, Dbld, MS.}.

Type, Ogyris abrota, Wstwd. (Wstwd, 1852).

Ogtbis [Dbld., List Br. Mus., 20, LN.~\, Wstwd., Gen. Diurn,
Lp., 472 (1852).

1 (Type), abrota (Dbld., LN.), Wstwd.

2. idmo (Dbld., LN.), Wstwd.

It may be conceded that Doubleday invented all these names, but
as he omitted to indicate their signification, they must surely be attri-
buted to Westwood, who adopted Doubleday's invalid logonyms, and
made them valid.

[We have accepted Scudder's statement of this generic problem
—if there are omitted facts— we are not responsible for such omission.]

One other remark on the nomenclature of the Rhopalocera.
Scudder, I. c, 238 — 40, recognises antiopa, L., as the type of Papilio,
L. Those who are interested in this question should note an omission
from his references —

Wood, 111. Linn. Gen. Ins., II, 4—6, PI. 43 (1821), specifies and
figures urticae, L., which anticipated Scudder's citation of antiopa,
L. (1872).

To return from Scudder and those who accept Billberg's genera
to Billberg's " Enumeratio," we are compelled to express our opinion

170 [August,

that Billberg's book is no more than what it professes to be, viz. :
" Enumeratio Insectorum in Museo Gust. Joh. Billberg," and we have
been unable to discover a single genus which can be accepted as valid,
all the species are obviously invalid when signed "Eg.," and the re-
mainder are open to doubt. We cannot accept Billberg's Enumeratio
as coming within the requirements of our code of rules — and empha-
sise Hummel's regret that any copy of it escaped the fire of 1822.

{To be continued)

ELLAMPUS TRUNCATUS, Dahlb., CONFIRMED AS BRITISH.
BY THE REV. F. D. MORICE, M.A , F.E.S.

In Ent. Mo. Mag., 1900, p. 107, T mentioned the existence of a
specimen of Ellampus truncatus, Dhlb., in Walcott's collection, now
the property of the Cambridge University Museum. I could then
say only that I " hoped " it might safely be treated as an addition to
the British list, but I have now definite evidence that E. truncatus is
really a British insect.

Mr. A. II. Hamm, of Oxford, has sent to me for identification
what is undoubtedly a specimen of the same insect. It was taken by
Mr. W. Barnes on June 30th, 1901, in a garden at Southern Hill,
Beading. The captor said that it appeared to be running in and out
of holes in a rose tree trained against the wall of a house, and that
he met at the same time with specimens of Trypoxylon jigulus, Linn.,
and clavicerum, Lep., Ellampus auratus, Linn., and Chrysis cyanea,
Linn. It seems very likely that one of the above two Fossors was
the "host," or rather " victim," of the E. truncatus, and perhaps also
of the auratus, which latter, I believe, infests several species of pith-
burrowing Fossors. (C cyanea is also said by M. du Buysson to be
attached to various species of Trypoxylon and Cemonus, and I have
generally found it about old gate posts inhabited by Trypoxylon,
CheJostoma, Osmia, &c, but on one occasion lately I was surprised to
meet with it, along with C. neglecta and C. viridula, haunting the
sandy burrows of Odynerus spinipes).

I have already {I.e.) given the characters by which E. truncatus
may be distinguished from our other British Chrysids ; and will
therefore only add that the present specimen has been placed in the
collection of the Oxford University Museum (Hope Department),
and that I am indebted to Mr. Hamm for the details given above
respecting its capture.

Woking : July, 1902.

1902.] 171

THE CONCEALED VENTRAL SEGMENTS AND GENITAL ARMATURE
OF ANDRENA FEROX, Smitit, $ .

BY THE REV. F. D. MORICE, M.A., F.E.S.

I have long wished, but had almost ceased to hope, for an oppor-
tunity of dissecting the above extraordinarily rare bee, in order to
compare its "armature," &c, with those of the other species of
Andrena which I have examined. At last, through the kindness of
Mr. A. J. Chitty, such an opportunity has been given me. He has
been good enough to let me extract the parts in question from an
almost fresh specimen taken by himself near Faversham ; and although
the result has a little disappointed me, I think it is very desirable to
record it.

I had expected something decidedly abnormal in the interior
structure of a species whose external characters are so striking and
singular. Both the genitalia (stipites and sagittae) and the Sth ventral
segment of the somewhat similar A. bucephaht, Sm., are highly para-
doxical, and I had thought it likely that those oi ferox would be even
more so.

On the contrary, they prove to be particularly simple! They
resemble very closely those of A. roses. The armature is a little
broader and rounder as a whole, but the details of its structure are
closely analogous in the two species. The 8th ventral segments also
are very alike ; only m ferox the apex is scarcely bifid, while in rosea
var. Trimmerana it is very strongly so ; and though the character is
less conspicuous in var. spinigera (which, \We ferox, has a large head,
a spined gena, and a rufescent abdomen) it is at least distinctly in-
dicated. The 7th ventral segment in ferox again recalls that of rosce ;
the " teeth " at its apex, however, seem rather more parallel and sepa-
rated by a wider notch, but the difference is so slight that (with only
one specimen of ferox before me) I should hesitate to lay much stress
upon it.

Another large headed (non-British) species much resembles ferox
in the points of structure mentioned above ; this is megdcephala,
Smith, a species whose male has a strong external similarity to buce-
phala, agreeing with it, and differing h'oxw ferox, in having the genre
simple.

If I am right in thinking that the characters of the armature
and the concealed ventral segments in Andrena . species ought to be
seriously considered in attempting to arrange the latter in groups, it
would seem that ferox, meqacepltala, and roses (together with various
forms which continental authors generally separate from the latter,

o 2

172 [August,

but which Mr. Saunders treats as mere varieties of it, spinigera,
eximia, austriaca, &c.) should be regarded as very near relations, while
bucephala, being utterly unlike any of them, both in its armature and
its 8th ventral segment, can hardly be admitted to a place in the same
group. But I quite feel that the special attention I have given to
these characters, and the interest I have come to take in them, may
make me exaggerate their importance.

As to the fact, however, that in these points ferox closely re-
sembles rosce, &c, and does not in the least resemble bucephala, there
can be no doubt whatever, and I therefore put the fact on record, be
its interpretation what it may.
Woking : July, 1902.

A REMARKABLE INSTANCE OF DELIBERATION OBSERVED IN

AN AMERICAN ANT.

BY C. R. OSTEN SACKEN, Ph.D., Hon. F.E.S.

It was in Albany, N. T., more than forty years ago, that I found
myself confined during a rainy day in a small hotel room with white-
washed walls. I soon noticed a small brown ant walking upon the
wall, and it occurred to me to follow its path by drawing it with a
lead pencil. The line thus drawn by me ran upwards for a certain
distance, and then, in a broad curve, turned towards the right. The
next morning I saw an ant of the same kind follow the same path ;
as I had some ether with me I put a small drop of it upon the pencil-
line which I had traced the day before, but at a considerable distance
in advance of the approaching ant; as soon as the ant smelt the ether
it abandoned the path, turned to the left, and changed its mode of
progress. Instead of going straight ahead, it now moved in zig-zags,
making gradually longer those branches of the zig-zags which were
directed towards the right. By adopting this course the ant again
met, by and by, the line I had traced ; it recognised immediately what
seems to have been the highway for ants travelling on that wall, and
followed it to the end.

It is evident that in this instance the ant, in recognising its road,
was guided neither by its eyesight, nor by its sense of touch, but by
the sense of smell, or some sense akin to it. But the resolute action
of the ant in quitting a path which it could no more follow, and
retrieving it afterwards, at another place, by a different and well
considered course of progress, offers, it seems to me, a remarkable
instance of the power of deliberation in an insect. It is probable
that most ants, in a certain degree, possess this power. ^

1002.] 173

Not being a specialist in myrtnecology, I am not able to give the
scientific name of the ants which I saw, nor to appreciate the degree
of importance which specialists in that family may attach to my
observation.

8, Bunsen Street, Heidelberg,

Germany : June, 1902.

ON NFXEOPHILUS CORSICUS, Marsh., AN ADDITION TO OUR
FAUNA, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE MALE.

BY CLAUDE MORLEY, F.E.S., <&c.

Two male and two female specimens of a species of Ichneumonidce
in my collection 1 had referred to the genus Nyxeopliilus, Forst., with
a doubtful reference to Xylonomus rusticus, Desv., before the publica-
tion of the Rev. T. A. Marshall's paper on the above species in this
Magazine for last December. Since that time Mr. Bignell has kindly
allowed me to examine the type of N. corsicus in his collection, and
the above specimens, all of which were taken in the New Forest,
probably at Lyndhurst, by Miss Chawner and Mr. Fred. C. Adams,
between May 18th and 31st, are identical therewith ; Mr. Adams has
just sent me another female from the same locality, taken in early
June. They differ in no way from the typical example, excepting
only that the wings are somewhat less deeply tinged with glaucous
colouring.

Xylonomus rusticus, Desv., I find, upon reference to the National
Collection, to be quite a distinct insect ; there are, nevertheless, seven
specimens of N. corsicus in the British Museum, two females (labelled
" reluctator ") and one male "ex col. Ste. ;" and two female and two
male "ex col. Desv.," all under the name of Echthrus reluctator, Linn.

The (J , which appears to be undescribed, differs little from the ? , excepting
in the conformation of the front legs. The antennae are slightly stouter and are
longer than those of the $ , being 12 mm. in length. The mesonotum is more
nitidulous with its notauli deeper. The abdomen is linear, ventrally plicate
throughout, and apically subcompressed (resembling, except the basal segment, that
of Linoceras macrobatus, Tasch.) ; the basal segment is narrower, more distinctly
petiolar and equilateral than that of the ^ . All the legs, more especially the tarsi,
are longer ; the front legs are nearly simple and extend to the areolet of the wing,
they are piceous, with the femora except their apices, the trochanters and coxae,
black ; the front tibia; are only very slightly and gradually inflated towards their
apices ; and the first tarsal joint is strongly excised basally beneath.

Length, 17 mm.

Both sexes have the raetathoracic spiracles elongate-oval and not

174 (August,

subcircular or ovate as in Echthrus. Mr. Marshall's "areola supero-
niedia " is the "area basalis " of Thomson's Opusc. Ent., the postero-
media being the hitter's areola, beyond which is the slightly reflexed
transverse carina. The gastrocoeli are very small but distinctly oblique
There is a distinct transverse constriction at the base of the tibial
intumescence in both sexes, and the intermediate femora of the female
are canaliculate above and below. The spiracles of the first segment,
as 1 understand them, are within the lateral projections, which iu the
type and my own examples are placed just before the middle, but are
more conspicuous in the male. Mr. Marshall appears to have been
mislead by a fossette situated on either side in the disco-lateral border
behind the middle ; under the microscope these truly appear to contain
spiracles, but, having met with no analogous formation and no trace
of such a depression occurring in my examples, I am led to regard
them as accidental in the type specimen.

There can, 1 think, be no doubt that this species is correctly
ascribed to Nyjceopliilus. Ashmead, whose generic character regarding
the metathoracic costa? should be omitted, followed by Mr. Marshall,
has placed this genus among the Pimplinte. To me this appears a
less natural position than among the CRYPTiNiE, for in all the typical
genera of the former group, e.g., Xorides, Xylonomus, Ischnoceros, &c,
the mesosternum is entire, with no external sulcus. Iu Nyxeophilus
and Echthrus, however, this sulcus, especially in the case of the former,
is very deep and determinate, with, be it noted, an exactly pentagonal
areolet.

We have therefore to choose which of two sets of characters is
the more important : Nyjceopliilus has the head tumidulous, quadrate;
the labrum free (as indeed it is to a great extent in many Cryptids,
e. g., C. obscurus, Or.) ; the notauli deep ; mesonotum not sloping an-
teriorly and centrally depressed ; metanotum subexareolated, with but
an apical costa ; the first abdominal segment is not conspicuously
dilated centrally (much less so than in Ischnoceros) : and, above all,
its spiracles are placed slightly before the middle — all which points
relate it with the Xoridini. On the other hand, the elongate and (at
apex) gradually attenuated antenna?, which bear in both sexes a broad
pale band, consisting of six joints, placed not distinctly beyond the
centre ; subpetiolate abdomen (especiall}' in $) ; the intumescence of
the front tibia?, which very remarkably resembles that of Echthrus
lancifer, Gr., and is approached by H yr/rocry ptus carnifecc, Gr., and
signatorius, Fab. (having the spiracles of the first segment placed iu

1902.] !75

and not beyond the middle) as well as by Xylonomus, ? ? ; and above
all the pentagonal areolet and distinctly sulcate sterna — are typical
Cryptid characters.

There can be no doubt that this genus, wherever placed, must be
kept in close proximity with Echthrus {Macrocri/ptus) , which Professor
Thomson has mingled with the Cryptin^e, wherein Nyxeophilus appears
most naturally under his "c c c :" Head tumidous, cheeks buccate,
vertex quadrate, clypeus bisinuate ; ? , front tibiae inflated and baeally
constricted. These two genera may, as far as I am aware, be very
simply separated thus : —

Sulcus reaching base of mesosternuui ; ruetanotum with apical costa only...

Nyxeophilus, Forst.

Sulcus not reaching base of mesosternum ; ruetanoturn with basal costa only...

Echthrus, Grav.
Ipswich : June, 1902.

THREE NEW LEPIDOPTERA FROM ADEN.
BY E. MEYRICK, P.. A., F.Z.S.

The three following apparently uudescribed species were included
in a collection of Lepidoptera made at Aden by Mr. F. Muir, and
submitted to me for identification by Dr. Sharp. The types are
deposited in the University Museum of Zoology at Cambridge.

PLTTSIADJ2.

AcONTIA GEPHYRIAS, )l. Sp.

?. 32 mm. Head white, sides of forehead ferruginous. Palpi white, terminal
joint and apex of second suffused with ferruginous. Thorax white, partially suffused
with yellow. Abdomen white, base of segments orange. Fore-wings rather elongate,
triangular, termen rather obliquely rounded, slightly waved ; light yellow, becoming
deeper yellow in disc ; a thick dark ferruginous-fuscous longitudinal streak, mixed
with whitish, extending from base through middle of disc, posteriorly suffusedly
dilated and curved upwards to termen above middle, cut in this portion by two
yellow streaks on veins ; a small ferruginous subcostal spot before three-fourths ; a
black costal clot close before apex : cilia dark fuscous mixed with whitish, basal line
dark ferruginous. Hind-wings prismatic-white, towards apex tinged with brassy-
yellowish : cilia white, base yellowish.

One specimen.
Grammodes schematica, n. up.

? . 34 mm. Head ochreous-wliitish. Palpi ochreous- whitish, lower half of
second joint fuscous. Thorax whitish-ochreous, sides mixed with dark fuscous.
Abdomen ochreous-whitish, base of segments more ochreous. Middle tibiae ap-
parently with only one spine. Fore-wings triangular, termen rather obliquely

176 [August,

rounded, waved ; rather dark fuscous ; basal area mixed with whitish ; a moderately
broad curved white fascia from two-fifths of costa to middle of dorsum, darker
edged; a similar rather irregularly triangular blotch on middle of costa reaching
half across wing, including a dark fuscous costal dot ; a white costal spot near before
apex; a grey-whitish irroration towards termen ; a terminal series of blackish
lunate dots : cilia fuscous, at apex and on lower half of termen white on outer half.
Hind-wings with termen waved, obtusely angulated in middle; dark fuscous; basal
half white except on median and subdorsal veins ; a rather narrow white terminal
streak from apex to three-fourths of termen, interrupted by a moderate round
blackish spot on angulation, beneath which is a cloudy blackish connected dot : cilia
white, on angulation and tornus fuscous.

One specimen.

ckambim;.

Argyria holocrossa, n. sp.

£. 19 mm. llead and thorax prismatic-fuscous. Fore-wings elongate, narrow,
posteriorly dilated, apex obtuse, termen rather obliquely bowed ; prismatic-whitish,
irrorated witli fuscous and dark fuscous ; first line obscurely indicated by darker
margins ; indistinct darker spots beyond first line below middle, and beneath costa
beyond middle; a broad terminal baud of darker suffusion, more ochreous on
termen, enclosing angulated second line, which is obscurely indicated by darker
anterior margin, violet-tinged on upper half, and a subterminal violet-blue metallic
line : cilia fuscous, with a darker basal line. Hind-wings prismatic-whitish ; a dark
coppery-fuscous rather broad terminal fascia, narrowed to a point at tornus : cilia
whitish, with a fuscous basal line.

One specimen.
Marlborough : July, 1902.

1'SUCID.E FROM THE DISTRICT OF THE LAO DE JOUX
(SWISS JURA).

BY ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.S., &c.

In this Magazine (2), vol. x, February and March, 1S99, I gave
an accuuut of my experiences in this district, with a list of the
" Neuroptera " taken in July and August, 1S98. When writing on
the Psocidae I said (p. 04) that " it had never been my lot to visit a
district in which these insects were so poorly represented," and then
enumerated five species, all, with one exception, limited to one or two
examples of each. But in August, 1901, the Kev. A. E. Eaton
visited the same district, going over part of the same ground, avoiding
Le Pout, on the Lac de Joux, which 1 made my head-quarters, and,
taking advantage of the extension of the railway since my visit,
pushing on to Le Brassus, higher up the Orbe Valley (or Jouxthalj,
a small town close to the French frontier. His experiences and my

1902.] 177

own do not coincide, showing how dangerous it is to generalize on the
capabilities of any district from one flying visit. The discrepancy
may probably be accounted for in more than one direction. July and
the beginning of August are too early for Psocidce generally ; the
season of 1901 may have been damper (these insects like a, certain
amount of moisture, as favouring the growth of the minute fungi on
which they principally feed) ; and, Anally, the localities were not in all
respects identical. Mr. Eaton brought from the district precisely
double the number of species that 1 found, in at least 35 specimens,
and it is fair to assume that he made no very special search for them.
The species he found are as follows : —

Psocus (Amphigerontia) bifasciatus, Ltr. (1), Brassus, August 16th.
Ps. nebulosus, Steph. (4), Yallorbe, August 13lh, and Brassus, August 17th.
Ps. longicoknis, L, (0), " Source de l'Orbe," August 13th.
Ps. sexpunctatus, L. (4), Cascade du Bay, August 12th, and Brassus,
August 17th.

Stenopsocus immaculatus, Steph. (1), " Source de l'Orbe," August 13th.

Elipsocus (Mesopsocus) unipunctatus, Mull. (1), Brassus, August 17th.

E. iirALiNcrs, Steph. (1), Brassus, August 10th.

E. (Philotaesus) flaviceps, Steph. (many), Brassus, August 16th and 17th.

Cecilius Bubmeisteki, Brauer (2), " Source de l'Orbe," August 13th.

C. peklatus, Kolbe (1), Brassus, August 17th.

Of the foregoing only Ps. longicornis and M. unipunctatus were
found by me ; Ps.fasciatus, St. cruciatus, and E. abietis were found by
me and not by Mr. Eaton. It may be taken for granted that many
more species will be discovered in the district when it is systematically
worked.

A Swiss entomologist, Herr Eric Mory, of Basel, visited the
district in August, 1898. He made important captures in Odonata,
but does not appear to have found any Psocidce (cf. Mitth. schw.
Entomol. Gesellschaft, x, pp. 187—197).

Lewisham, London :

June 22»d, 1902.

Coleoptera caught in Ireland during Mag and June, 1902. — On May 19th I
visited Greystones, near Bray, but did not secure many beetles worth mentioning :
Chrysomela Banksi was common under stones, and a short series of Barypeithes
sulcifrons and a single specimen of Barynutus ISch'6 nheri were obtained by sweeping.

On the advice of Mr. J. N. Halbert, to whom 1 am much indebted for his
kindness in showing me the best localities, I worked the North Bull, a sand bank
near Dollymount, where 1 succeeded in capturing several nice species ; Aepus
marinus occurred in abundance under the stones of the breakwater, and with them

[August,

two specimens of Diglossa mersa were found. Under seaweed Phytosus balticus,
Oxytelus maritimm, and Cafius xantholoma were plentiful, with several Saprims
marttimus and Aleochara grisea and obscure/la. Telephorus Darwinians was also
found here under a stone. Cercyon littorale, var. binotatum, was fairly plentiful
under seaweed and decaying vegetables.

On June 3rd a single specimen of HcBmonia appendiculata was secured after
several hours' hard work in the Royal Canal , Gyrinus marinus and opacus, Dero-
nectes assimilis, and Hydroporus pictus occurred in the canal, and Donaeia discolor
was plentiful on the rushes, all the forms except the bright blue being found.

A visit to Baldoyle resulted in a series of Cillenus lateralis and a single speci-
men of Polydrusus chrysomela. Broscus cephalotes was abundant here, and
Dichirolnchus pubescens was in some numbers.

Hydroporus rivalis swarmed in Gleucullen Valley, and H. obscurus tristis
mono, and Gyllenhali were taken from the bog-pools on Mt. Kippure.

At Portmarnock Otiorrhynohus auropunetatus was abundant, but, difficult to
bring back in good condition, Bembidium asneum was fairly common, and Apion
aneum, rufirostre, and radiolus were swept from mallow.

Silpha atrata, var. subrotundata, and Tachyporus obtusus, var. nitidiusculus,
were fonnd in several places near Dublin.

On June 17th I went for three days to Lough Neagh, and had fairly good
sport, in spite of the miserable weather. I visited the south-east corner of the
lake, and my captures included nice series of Pelophila borealis, Chlamius nigri-
corms,&nd Ccelambus quinquelineatus, two specimens each of Carabus clathratus
Silpha dispar, and Rkopalomentes Tarda, sis Bembidium argenteolum (the species
discovered by Mr. J. N. Halbert), B. bipunctatum, Blethisa multipunctata, Nebria
Gyllenhah, Orectochilus villosus, Hylobius abietis, Staphyl inns pubescens and catsa-
reus, and Cryptohypnus riparius.

Deroneotes assimilis was abundant here with Hydroporus lepidus, lineatus
hturatus, planus, &c, and one specimen of Ccelambus uovemlineatus was found!
Dark forms of Pterostichus cupreus were plentiful.

Of the rare water-bug, Aphelocheirus aestivalis, only a dead and broken speci-
men could be found.-STANLEY W. Kemp, 80, Oxford Gardens, Notting Hill W ■
July, 1902. S ' "

Ceuthorrhynchidius Bawsoni, Bris., in the Isle of Man. - After detailing
localities for this species in " The Co/eoplera of the British Islands," Canon Fowler
remarks that "it is probably much more widely distributed than is at present
known, if we may judge from the Scotch record [Solway district (Sharp)] » At
the end of June and beginning of July of the present year I met with this species
in some numbers by shaking plants of Plantago maritima over a sweeping net on
the cliffs at Berwick Bay and at Traie Veg, Port Erin. The species seemed to be
entirely confined to this plant, although Plantago coronopus was plentiful in both
localities. In the Annual Report for Session 1901 of the Lancashire and Cheshire
Entomological Society I notice that amongst the exhibits of Coleoptera Dr. Chaster
of Southport, showed this species as being new to the list for the Liverpool district.'
—J. Haeold Bailey, Port Erin : July 3rd, 1902.

1902.] 17g

Leptinus testaceus, Sfc, near Bradfield, Gnorimus nobilis near Toweester, and
Meloe brevicollis from South Devon. — Perhaps the following beetles are of sufficient
rarity to be worth recording. 1 have taken them myself during the last two years
in this neighbourhood.

Leptinus testaceus, Mull., five specimens in December, L900, and two in March,
1902, in nests of the wood mouse ; Liodes orbicularis, Herbst ; Necrophorus inter-
ruplus, Steph. ; Bythiuus securiger, Reich. ; Saprinus virescens, Payk., the last by
sweeping watercress ; Cryptarcha strigata, ¥., at a Cossus infected tree ; Phytwcia
cylindrica, L. ; Cry otocephalus bipunctatus, L., C. coryli, L., several by beating
whitethorn in June ; Malthodes atomus, Thorns. ; Lytta vesicatoria, L., one speci-
men on a gate post.

I also had sent to me last June from near Toweester two fine specimens of
Gnorimus nobilis, L., taken from dead roses.

This April 1 took one specimen of Meloe brevicollis, Panz., on the top of the
cliff, Bolt Tail, in South Devon ; a most careful search in the neighbourhood re-
vealed no more. — Norman H. Joy, Bradfield, near Reading : June 16th, 1902.

Coleoptera at Rannoch.— An academic holiday of three days enabled me to
spend the week end at Rannoch, from June 27th to 29th, and as I was lucky enough
to pitch upon one of our rare spells of true summer weather, 1 captured several
species not seen during my visit of 1900 (see Ent. Record, vol. xii, p. 288).

In the Black Wood Cetonia fioricola, Host., was so common on a Cossus tree,
and so busily engaged sucking at the exuding sap, that one sweep of my hand
knocked about twenty into my net ; as the sun was shining brightly at the time upon
the glistening mass of beetles the sight was a striking one, not the tiling one expects
to see in a dark northern fir wood. After much wandering to and fro I came across
a couple of woodcutters busy felling Scotch firs ; the fresh turpentine-covered
stumps were very attractive to beetles, from the cracks of the bark Asemuni striatum,
L., was freely taken, Rhagium indagator, L., and Clerus formicarius, L., were
common running to and fro on the pi'ostrate trunks, while Corymbites impressus,
F., and I'ytho depressus, L., occurred sparingly on the stumps.

I beat the tops of all these felled trees, but only one turned out at all satis-
factory ; from this came I'ogonocherus fasciculatus, De Gr., Rhinomacer attelaboides,
F., Rityopthorus pubescens, Marsh, (the hist two in plenty), Elatvr nigrinus, Hbst.,
Salpingils castaneus, Pz., &c. Sweeping was not very productive, the best insects
being Halyzia 16-guttata, L., Telephorus paludosus, Fall., Tropiphorus mercurialis,
F., Rolydrusus undatus, F., Luperus Jlavipes, L., and llydrolhassa aucta, F.

My visit was too hurried a one to allow time to work the moss or fallen logs,
and I was too late for Aslynomus adilis ; the woodmen told me this beetle, so well
known to them, had been excessively scarce this season, probably due to the bitterly
cold and inclement weather which prevailed all through Scotland till past Mid-
summer day. While cycling over from Struan station I obtained a fine specimen
of Ancistronycha abdominalis, F., resting on a pine fence a mile or two from the
station. — T. Hudson Bkabe, 10, Regent Terrace, Edinburgh : July 9th, 1902.

Coleoptera, <.J'c, at Greenhithe and Charing, Kent. — A couple of days' collecting
at the end of May in the Greenhithe district (which is mainly one of orchards,

180 [August,

plantations, and hop-gardens, intersected by apparently interminable lanes) produced,
amongst commoner species, single specimens of Bembidium ^-striatum and Amara
consular is, the former running on a path, the latter under a stone ; a good series of
Bembidium don's at the sides of a pond, and plenty of Aphthona venustula, and a
few Pxylliodes dulcamara by sweeping their respective food-plants. I also got a
number of Liparus coronatus by searching Anthriscus sylvestris, on which it lives ;
they were buried in the soft earth at the roots of the plants, two or three to each
root. A welcome capture was a specimen of Otiorrhynchus raucus, swept from a
mass of Lamium album at the side of a field. Amongst a number of Phyllobius
oblongus I was interested to find an individual with the left deciduous mandible
remaining ; this is broader, and at the same time more sharply pointed at apex than
those of the specimen of Trachyj/hlwus myrmecophilus, which I exhibited at a
meeting of the Entomological Society in October last, and is armed with a distinct
tooth on the inner side near base. It is known that these appendages differ in
shape, length, &c, in the various genera which possess them, and I think that
British Coleopterists might well keep a look out for specimens retaining them, so
that these variations might be noted. At any rate, these deciduous mandibles
represent a portion of the life-history of the species, and specimens in which one or
both are intact should have an additional value, from that point of view, to any one
fortunate enough to come across them.

Amongst the Heteroptera, the handsome Lygseids, Aphanus Rolandri and A.
pedestris, were not uncommon under refuse and running in the lanes, and I also
swept three specimens of Ey.sarcoris melanocephalus from umbels.

At the end of June I had the pleasure of a day's collecting with Mr. A. J.
Chitty on the chalk hills above the village of Charing. The weather was warm
and sunny, and there having been rain the previous evening insects were about in
some numbers. Amara patricia and Panag&us quadripustulalus turned up singly
under stones, and a pair of Rhi iwncus denticollis close to a small Erodium plant.
Tychius Schneideri was not uncommon on Anthyllis, and a few of another species,
apparently T. tomentosus, occurred about the roots of various small plants, in which
situations also the sluggish and inconspicuous Trachypklceus alternans and T.
squamulatus were not rare. From some stunted hazel bushes we were delighted to
get a series each of Cryptucephalus lineola, a really beautiful insect as it sits on the
leaves in the sunshine. In some woods a short distance away I was glad to meet
with Apoderus coryli for the first time ; it was by no means common, and in Mr.
Chitty's experience has always been a scarce insect in his neighbourhood. I noticed
one individual on chestnut ; this may have been accidental, but in view of the
recent records of Attelabus having taken to this tree I have thought it ju6t worth
mentioning. — F. B. Jennings, 15, Silver Street, Upper Edmonton, N. : July
12th, 1902.

Coleoptera in Miller's Dale. — I have recently taken a good series of the fol-
lowing Coleoptera in Miller's Dale, in my district : Ancistronycha abdominal is,
Podabrus alpinus, and Phyllobius viridicollis. Should these be desiderata to any
of our brother Coleopterists I shall be glad to distribute them as far as my dupli-
cates will allow. — J. Kidson Taxlok, 2, South Terrace, South Avenue, Buxton ;
July 10th, 1902.

1902.] 181

Osphya bipunctata, Fabr., in East Gloucestershire. — On the 31st May and two
following days T obtained here several examples of this speeies ; of these twenty-four
percent, were large males, that is, males with enormously thickened hind femora,
sixty-six per cent were small males with the hind legs normal, and ten per cent.
were females. The large males bore a very close resemblance, both in gait and
appearance, to Telephorus pellucidus, which occurred with them very commonly. I
did not recognise in the field the first small male that I got, but bottled it under
the impression that it was an unusually bulky example of Orammoptera rujicornis ;
which latter, however, occurred then but rarely. The males were confined to two
non-contiguous whitethorn hushes, whilst one female came off holly, and the
other from oak ; the whitethorn was not actually in bloom until a week later. I
had no reason to believe that these insects clung to their shelter-plant with any
especial tenacity, as stated by Curtis and later writers ; the former was evidently
much impressed by the peculiar development of the hind legs in the large males,
and he appears to have considered that the alleged tenacity was to be accounted for
by their abnormal structure ; my own observations, however, did not furnish any-
thing tending to confirm this view. When the knee of the hind leg in these large
males is flexed, and the inner edge of the hind tibia brought close to the femur, the
spine-like process at the apex of the tibia fits into a cavity in the trochanter and
locks the limb in that position, which is one distinctly favourable to the gripping of
some object of very small size, but scarcely for holding " very fast to a leaf or
branch," as suggested by Curtis. A similar structure is found in the males of
(Edemera nobi/ix and Oncomera femorata, and its function, which is doubtless the
same in all three species, would appear to be connected with sexual intercourse. I
am inclined to this view by the fact that I have not found any of the species
mentioned abnormally difficult to dislodge, and moreover, in Elmis and its allies,
where the faculty of clinging is obviously intensified, that end is obtained by the
greater development of the claw-joint of the tarsus. The males of Osphya are well-
known to vary much in size ; my smallest example is but 5 mm. long, whilst my
largest has a length of 14 mm., and is stoutly built in propoi'tion. — J. Edwards,
Colesborne, Cheltenham : YJth June, 1902.

On the pairing of Homalota liturata, Steph. — Amongst an immense number
of small beetles which T shook from a living Polyporus in a wood hereon June 24th
last year, was something that attracted my attention by reason that it was twice as
large as the others, and had a large extent of upturned abdomen. On close
examination in a glass-covered box this proved to be two small Staphs with the
extremities of their abdomina in contact, and both moving very rapidly forward in
the same vertical plane, but neither of them wholly superimposed. The hinder one
had the front part of its head closely applied to the base of the hind legs of the one
in front and its abdomen curved over its back to the fullest extent to meet the tip
of the abdomen of the other. The venter of the abdomen of the front one was in
contact with the upper surface of the hinder one as far as the apex of the elytra of
the latter. The movements of the conjoined insects were so rapid that I could not
determine the relative position of the sexes, nor whether their position was main-
tained by reason of the operation of the hind legs of the front one or the jaws of
the hinder one, or both of those means. — Id.

182 [August,

The Porcupine Louse. — Mr. Emerson Atkins has brought me specimens of
Trichodectes setosus, Griebel, found on a porcupine (Erethizon epixanthus, Brandt.)
shot at Las Vegas, New Mexico. I believe this is the first Mallophagan to be re-
corded from New Mexico (though of course they are actually numerous), and it
seems that T. seloms has not been recorded from this species of porcupine. — T. D.
A. Cockerell, East Las Vegas, New Mexico, U. S. A. : June, 1902.

Alomoscelis pilosnlits, Uhler,in Arizona. — This Capsid bug (kindly determined
by Mr. O. Heidemann) was observed by me at the end of March on leaves of
Atrip/ex at Tempe, Arizona. The Atriplex leaves are greyish-green, with a peculiar
lustre, all of which is imitated by the bug to perfection. — Id.

Strachia oleracea, Linn., in East Kent. — I swept a single specimen of this fine
bug on the afternoon of June 29th, after a shower of rain. It was in a bed of mixed
nettles and thistles, growing in what was the garden of a now disused cottage
about a quarter of a mile from here. — A. J. Chittt, Huntingfield, Faversham :
July 2nd, 1902.

Newspaper Entomology. — When we read the ludicrous remarks on insects
occasionally appearing in English newspapers we need not be surprised at similar
remarks appearing in those of the Colonies, where entomology is not much studied,
and entomological literature is not easily accessible. The attached clipping is from
the "Southland Times," N.Z., and seems to me worth reprinting in an entomological
journal.

" A moth of unusual size for this part of New Zealand has been sent to us by a
Thornbury resident, who captured it there last Saturday. The wings, extended,
measure nearly five inches from tip to tip, and the body is about an inch and a half
long. J. C. Westwood, F.L.S., in his introduction to the " Modern Classification of
Insects," plainly indicates the species as belonging to the family of the Cicadidce in
the order Homopetra. This is the largest insect of the order, one species measuring
between six and seven inches in the expanse of its wings. The head is shortly
described as short, broad, and transverse, with large prominent eyes ; posterior
slightly spined without terminal spur; wings completely membranous and
delicately transparent ; body convex ; four wings."

The insect referred to is a magnificent specimen of Sphinx convolvuli,
fortunately secured by, and now in the collection of, Mr. Gk W. Howes, F.E.S., of
Invercargill, N.Z. Coming nearer home, the " Ashburton Guardian " lately
announced that a settler at Omihi informed the correspondent of the " Oamaru
Mail " the other day that his turnip crops had suffered badly this season from the
grubs of humble bees. The " grubs " committing the ravages in his turnip crops
were those of Melanchra (Mamestra) niutans and M. composita, both of whose
almost omnivorous larvae attacks the roots of almost every farm crop. Both these
species have been extremely abundant this season. — W. W. Smith, Ashburton,
N.Z. : May 19th, 1902.

Andrenaferox, Smith, other Aculeata Hymenoptera, and Stylops melitta>, Kirby,
in East Kent. — This Whitsuntide I had the good fortune to take close by here a

1902.] 183

pair of Andrena ferox, Smith. The ? was caught on May 22nd, flying along the
bottom of a hedge. The <? was found on May 24th, attached to a stem of grass
about a yard from the place where I caught the female, and was lifeless, apparently
it had just expired, it is much larger and more strongly coloured than the $ taken
by me at Dodington in 189fi. The locality is quite three miles off Dodington
locality, so that as ferox has also been taken at Wychling beyond, it is evident that
the bee is spread over this part of the country. I saw no signs of any other
specimens either then or a fortnight later, when I had the assistance of The Rev.
F. D. Morice, but on the later occasion the weather was execrable. I suggest that
the male has a very short life. The ? , however, is rather an insignificant bee, with
thin pubescence on the abdomen, and though particularly on the look-out for ferox,
I was unaware that I had taken the ? as well as the $ until later, when it was
identified, with Mr. Morice's assistance. The wide membrane of the mandibles is
not very easily seen, but the mandibles are peculiarly thickened. Mr. Morice kindly
dissected out the genitalia of the $ , and no doubt will describe them. The place
where it was captured is peculiarly suitable for bees. A field, thinly covered with
poor grass, slopes very suddenly towards the E. S. E. forming one side of a deep
valley, through the centre of which runs a road, the hedge mentioned by me is at
the bottom of the slope, and a hop field lies between it and the road. The slope
and hedge get the full morning sun, and the slope is literally covered with the
burrows of Halicti, Andrena', Eucera, &c. At a gap in this hedge I was fortunate
enough to take on May 21st, at about 10 a.m., a fine $ Stylops melittce, Kirby, the
first I have seen alive, though I have searched for it every spring since 1894. As
early as March this year I found a bee which had evidently just been left by a male
Stylops ; so the Stylops occur during a considerable period of the spring.

I was surprised to find what a very conspicuous insect it is ; my specimen
rose and fell up and down the hedge, its wings never ceasing to vibrate until it was
bottled. A £ Andrena Wilkella, Kirby, found dead with a very large Stylops hole
in it shortly afterwards was probably t he host.

I may perhaps mention the following eaptiu'es : Andrena chrysosceles, Kirby,
four $ cj on May 17th, on daisies growing on a grass path at the edge of a wood.
Two of these were badly Stylopised, and in these the clypeus was almost entirely
without its usual conspicuous white colour. There were no $ s about. The £ $
kept entirely to the daisies. I could have taken several more specimens had I been
minded to do so.

Andrena humilis, Imhoff. — A pair taken on May 21st and 22nd at the ferox
locality. I have never seen this before here, and was surprised to come across it.
The <J of the allied A. labialis, Kirby, also occurred, and I saw it the following
week abundantly at Pamber, Hants. I have never been able to find the 9 of this
species.

Andrena proximo, Kirby, $ $ fairly common, May 24th and 25th, also at the
hedge, also Odynerus melanocephalus, Gmel., a $ on May 22nd, and trimarginatus,
Zett., a c? on June 6th. I also took a Vespa rufa $ , the first I have seen in this
part of the country. The cold spring has had a curious effect upon the times of
the appearance of the bees this year, and quite fresh specimens of the usual early
spring bees were to be taken at the very end of May.— Arthur J. Chitty,
Huntingfield, Faversham, Kent : June 20th, 1902.

184 [August,

Sphecodes rubicundus, v. Hag., near Ripley and Chobham. — Since this species
was proved by Messrs. Sladen and Saunders to be a British insect, it lias been
recorded from several districts, but, I believe, not as yet from this neighbourhood.
I am glad, therefore, to record that in June this year I have found specimens of it
at Effingham near Ripley, and in two places in the Chobham district. All these
were females, but they are well characterized and unmistakeable examples of the
species. One of the Chobham specimens was seen by me to visit a burrow of
Andrena labialis, and the same Andrena was common on the hank where I took the
Effingham specimen. About the labialis burrows at Chobham I noticed other
specimens of Sphecodes, 9 , evidently " on the prowl." These, however, were not
rubicundus. Of two which I caught and examined, one was gibbus, the other
pilifrons. I mention these facts, as everything bearing on the relations of Sphecodes
and Andrena seems at present worth recording. — F. D. Mokice, Woking : July,
1902.

Pachyprotasis antennata : a correction. — In my note last month (p. 158) on
Pachyprotasis antennata a line was unluckily omitted by the printer. In the 8th
line, after the word " green," the sentence should proceed " and the markings of the
body are all likewise distinctly green, though paler. In fact," &c. Unfortunately
I did not see the proofs, as the publication of the number had to be hastened for
special reasons, so that the omission passed unnoticed. — Id.

Nemeobius Lucina in Glamorganshire. — You may he interested to know that
last month I took N. Lucina at Taff' s Well, Glamorganshire. I do not think this
butterfly is recorded for South Wales in Mr. Barrett's book. — J. E. Campbell-
Taylor, 21, Montgomery Street, Roath Park, Cardiff : July lhth, 1902.

Acosmetia caliginosa in the Hebrides. — In the "Entomologist" for November
last (vol. xxxiv, p. 305) is a short notice of insects captured at the Isle of Lewis,
Hebrides, by Mr. Mc Arthur in the year 1901. This list includes "Acosmetia cali-
ffino.ia." In view of the extreme localization of this species, as at present known,
in these Islands — the only recognised localities for it being in Hants and Dorset —
this capture seemed to be of special interest. Further enquiries have been most
kindly made for me by the Editor, Mr. South, who believes the identification to be
correct; and as a result Mr. McArthur has sent me a post card as follows: —
" Acosmetia caliginosa, one specimen taken between Stornoway and Eye ; I believe
it went into the collection of Mr. Vivian, but am not quite sure. I have no doubt
as to the species. One meets at times with odd examples where least expected." I
understand this last remark to be of general application, and not to refer to the
present species. There is, I think, no record of its capture here, except in the very
restricted localities already mentioned.

My object in the present note is to point out the possibility of a sporadic
migration of this species, of which further evidence is most desirable ; and on the
other hand to the possibility of its having a habitation somewhere in this far
western district, which also, if substantiated, would be of extraordinary interest.

It is rather an inconspicuous species, and might perhaps be passed over as a
common Caradrina if some attention were not called to it. — Chas. G. Babrett,
Tremont, Peckham Rye : July 7th, 1902.

1902.] lg5

On the larval case and habits of Phacopteryx brevipennis, Curt. — So far this
insect remains one of the rarest of the British Tn'choptera, not more than nine or
ten native specimens having been recorded. And yet one cannot help thinking
that when its habits are more generally known it will no longer remain scarce.
The ascertained British localities for it are near Scarborough, Askham Bog near
York, Bowdon in Cheshire, and Ranworth Fen, but the total captures do not exceed
the estimate given above. It is therefore advisable to place on record in this
country what has recently been written on its larval case, &c, in Germany, and it is
to Dr. R. Struck, of Liibeck, that we are indebted for this information. In a paper
published by him in the " Illustrierte Wochenschrift fur Entomologie," Band 1,
p. 615 (1896), in which he draws a comparison between the larval cases of
Trichoptera and Lepidoptera, is a notice of that of P. brevipennis (p. 617, fig. 1),
from which we learn that it is formed of large equal-sized pieces of leaves, that a
transverse section of it is triangular (witli a cylindrical central tube), and that
the sides of the triangle are flat (not concave as in Limn op hit us decipiens and
nigriceps, which also form triangular cases of similar materials). Later on in the
same journal (under its modified title "Illustrierte Zeitschrift fur Entomologie,"
Band iv [1899]), in a paper entitled " Neue und alte Trichoptern-Larvengehause,''
something further is said by him on the subject (p. 324, fig. 2U), to the effect that
the cases are equally broad and high at either end, and that the length is 2 to 2£
centimetres. Finally, in 1900, Dr. Struck published in a separate form an exti'act
from a paper under the title " Lubeckische Tricboptern und die Gehause ihrer
Larven und Puppen," which originally appeared in "Das Museum zu Liibeck,"
Here, at pp. 21-22, Taf. ii, fig. 10, the information is slightly more extended, and
we learn also (p. 31) that the larva is full-grown in June, and frequents ponds.
This embodies what has been written on the larval habits and case. As to the
perfect insects :•— In the summer of 1900, Mr. Morton visited Norway, and published
the results of his journey in this Magazine for 1901, and at p. 29 he states that
near Domaas he found P. brevipennis at a shallow pond overgrown with various
water-weeds, that the insect was " sluggish," and that its favourite position was
on the stems or leaves of Caltha. but that a few were beaten from pine trees.
This information, combined with Dr. Struck's account of the case, is very valuable,
and according to records of previous captures in this country, it is yet not too late
in the year to search for the insect here, and probably with more success than has
rewarded previous attempts, which have been made under somewhat erroneous
premises as to habits, &c. — R. McLachlan, Lewisham, London : June 20th, 1902.

Agrionince near Oxford. — The pleasant annual function initiated by Prof.
Poulton, by virtue of which the Officers and Council of the Entomological Society
of London are invited to meet the Curators of the Hope Museum of Zoology, was
observed this year from July 5th to 7th. As is usual a factor in the function
consisted in a boating excursion on the Charwell, and I think more entomological
work was done than on former occasions (one never expects much on such excur-
sions !). The writer confined his attention to Agrionince (and some others joined),
which seemed very abundant, and the Charwell is just such a river as many of them
delight in. Collecting from a boat in motion is not easy, and is at times not
without an element of danger in it, nevertheless frantic, and usually futile, efforts

186 [August,

were made to catch the dragon-flies under such conditions, and one or two of us
tried a more orthodox working on shore. I " bottled " a good many, but am sorry
to say that more than one half of them were so rotten with the steaming they
underwent (the heat being very great) that they fell to pieces on attempts to pre-
pare them, although most of them were alive on the morning of the same day, and
I set only about a dozen specimens altogether. But in any case the following short
list embodies all that were actually caught by me : —

Platycnemis pennipes, Pall., was in myriads, and probably formed more than
nine-tenths of the individuals seen ; a few were of the form lactea, Selys, which is
a true dimorphic condition common to both sexes, and not a seasonal or sexual
variation, nor due to immaturity : in the South European species known as latipes,
Ramb , there seems to be no blue form. Ischnura elegans, V. d. L., tolerably
common. Agrion jiuella, L., a few. A. pulchellum, V. d. L., was found in one
specimen amongst my captures ; Mr. Holland, of the Hope Museum, told me he
had recently taken it near Oxford, probably in another locality. In addition to the
foregoing, Erythromma and a Lestes were thought to have been seen, but none
were captured. — Id.: July \0th, 1902.

Ischnura pumilio, Clip., in Ireland. — When working up some of my Irish
material I came across a specimen of Ischnura pumilio, Charp., taken by myself at
Westport on June 28th, 1886 ; the exact locality where it was taken was on the
Carabeg River, which flows through Lord Sligo's property. I do not think this
species has been recorded from Ireland previously. — James J. F. X. King, 1, Athol
Gardens Terrace, Kelvinside, Glasgow : June 17th, 1902.

Dbttiuir]).

John William May, F.E.S., died at 141, Finborough Road, Earl's Court,
London, on June 17th, in his 78th year. He was one of the oldest Members of the
Entomological Society of London, having been elected in 1860, and was on the
Council in 1883 and 1884. Though practically unknown to the present generation
of entomologists, he was formerly a nearly constant attendant at the meetings of the
Society, and at the social gatherings and excursions of the Entomological Club.
We last met him about two years ago, and remarked that time had made but slight
visible impression on the tall, erect, spare figure so familiar to us in years gone by.
He took a keen interest in entomology, and we think had amassed very considerable
collections, especially in Coleoptera and Hymenoptera : in the latter Order he had
a considerable collection of British parasitic forms of his own taking. But he
published little, if anything. Personally he was quiet, amiable, and retiring.
Probably the family was of Butch extraction ; at any rate, his father was in busi-
ness in the City of London as a Dutch shipbroker, and also held the position of
Consul General for the Netherlands. When we first met the son (about 1858) he
was in the business, and was Vice-Consul (succeeding to the higher office on the
death of his father). But for a good many years he had relinquished both busi-
ness and Consular duties. He was a Corresponding Member of the Entomological
Society of the Netherlands, and a Knight of the Netherlands' Lion.

1902] 187

^octettes.

Birmingham Entomological Society : June 16th, 1002. — Mr. R. C.
Bradley in the Chair.

Mr. R. C. Bradley showed Syrphus Larhifrons, Fall., from Sutton Park, taken
on April 14th last. He went specially to search for it, and found it scarce and very
difficult to distinguish from Melangyna quadrimaculata, Ver., amongst which it was
flying. The latter species is very common, the former species very rare and
local, and possibly overlooked amongst the many quadrimaculata. He obtained
six $ $ and five $ $ with much hard work ; and also at the same time one S. arcticus,
Zett. £ . A 11 were taken flying to sallow bloom. Mr. C. J. Wainwright, a box
full of Prypetidce, including a large number taken on July 13th, 14th, and 22nd, 1901,
in Wyre Forest. On these three days he obtained no fewer than 13 species of this
one family. Trypeta onotrophps Lw., in great abundance. T. JforescenticB, L., and
T. serratulce, L , not common, but a nice series of each from various thistles ;
Urophora sty lata, F., Carpholricha guttularis, Mg., and C. pupillata, Fall.,
singly; Tephritis miliaria, Schrk., common ; T. prohoscidea, Lw., a short series,
T. rural is, Lw. (2) ; T. tessellata, Lw., common ; and a few of the commoner and
more usual species. — Colbran J. Wainwright, Hon. Sec.

The South London Entomological and Natural History Society,
May 22nd, 1902.— Mr. F. Noad Clark, President, in the Chair.

Mr. Edwards exhibited fine specimens of Morpho cypris from South America,
and several species of the genus Caligo. Mr. F. M. B. Carr, a series of Boarmia
cinctaria from the New Forest, including one nearly uniformly dark, another with
a wide central light band, and one with a dark basal band. Mr. Barnett,
Hybeniia marginaria from West Wickham woods, one example approaching the
form fuscata. Mr. South, £ and? Liphyra brassolis, with ova, preserved larva,
larva skins, a pupa, and a pupa case, illustrating the curious life-history of this
Queensland Lycamid, received from Mr. Dodd, and read notes. Mr. B. W.
Adkin, series of Taniocampa miniosa, pale forms, and series of T. incerta, both
from the New Forest. Mr. Montgomery bred Pieris napi showing slight gynandro-
morphism in the markings. Mr. Main, living larvas of Lithosia mesomella. It was
remarked that this larva has spatulate hairs. Mr. Lucas read the Report of the
Field Meeting held at Bookham on May 10th.

June 12th, l902.— The President in the Chair.

Mr. Ashdown exhibited living larva? of Atta'jenus pellio feeding on wool. Mr.
Tonge, a Noctua he had recently captured, and which was afterwards recognised by
Mr. South as a worn and doubtless hibernated example of lladena protea. Mr.
Moore, a specimen of the rare Pseudacrcea Trimenii, from the Transvaal Colony,
which differed from the type in the largo area of white on the lower wings. Mr.
Lucas, Oryllotalpa vulgaris (the mole cricket) from Brockenhurst, and an example
of the Dipteron Meriania argentifera from the New Forest, and new to Britain.
Mr. R. Adkin gave a Report of the Annual Congress of the S. E. Union of Scientific
Societies, held at Canterbury on June 5th and 7th. Mr. Hy. J. Turner read a
Keport of the Field Meeting held at Reigate on May 24th. — Hy. J. Turner,

Hon. Secretary.

P 2

188 [August,

Entomological Society of London: June 4th, 1902.— The Eev. Canon
Fowleb, M.A., D.Sc, F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Mr. Stanley W. Kemp, of 80, Oxford Gardens, Notting Hill, W., was elected a
Fellow of the Society.

Mr. H. W. Shepheard-Walwyn exhibited a recently-emerged male specimen of
Lampides beeticus taken at Winchester in September 1899, and two varieties of
Lycrena Icarus. Mr. C. P. Pickett, one asymmetrical male aud two females of
Dilina tilice, and a series of the same insect showing great variation of colour and
marking, bred during May, 1902. Mr. F. Merrifield, enlarged photographs of
larva? of Hygrochroa syringaria, also photographs of the dark brown bronzy pupa
of this species, in its hammock of open network of silk, very slight, but exceedingly
strong, from the bottom of which the larval skin is projected, not shortened and
compressed, but pushed through the network, and hanging down like a long tail, so
as apparently to attain the same end as in the larval stages, the disguising of its
real nature ; it looks very like an ordinary pupa. Professor E. B. Poulton, F.R.S.,
a lantern slide showing the perfect protective resemblance of Hybemia
leucophmaria to the oak trunk upon which it rested. Mr. A. Bacot, hybrid larva?
resulting from a pairing between a male Malacosoma neustria and a female M.
castrensis, also larvre of M. neustria and reputed larvae of M. franconica for com-
parison. He said that this year's brood of hybrid larva? had separated into two
batches, the " Forwards " being now nearly full fed, and from one and a half to two
and a half inches in length. The " Laggards " were not yet half-grown, being only
half to three-quarters of an inch long, in this respect exactly following last year's
brood resulting from a similar cross, in which case the "Forwards" produced only
female specimens, while the " Laggards " produced only males.

Mr. H. J. Elwes, F.R.S., read a paper on " The Butterflies of Chile," and
exhibited a selection of the specimens he bad taken during December, January and
February in that country. He pointed out that the number of species of butter-
flies found in Chile was extremely small considering the large area, varied physical
and meteorological conditions and rich flora of the country. The endemic species of
Satyridce and Hesperidce constituted about two-thirds of the whole butterfly fauna,
NymphaUdce and Lycmnidce being very few in numbers. Some butterflies of
Holarctic types, such as Colias Vautieri, had an extremely wide range and extended
with little valuation right down to the Straits of Magellan. Among the most
remarkable species which he showed was the unique Satyrid, Argyrophorus argenteus,
the upper-side of which is of a brilliant metallic silver colour, nothing similar
existing in the whole family. This flies on open grassy hillsides, whilst in the
forests close by a Hesperid, Cyelopides puelmte, has its wings on the under-side
entirely of a metallic golden colour, this also being unique among the Hesperidee.
Mr. S. L. Hinde read a paper, illustrated by lantern slides, upon "The Protective
Resemblance to flowers borne by an African Homopterous insect, Flata nigrocincta,
Walker." He said that " the cluster of insects grouped to resemble a flower
spike," which forms the frontispiece of Professor J. W. Gregory's " Great Rift
Valley," had attracted some criticism, and that as he was familiar with the insect
figured, and with its larva, in a wild state, it seemed desirable to publish the
evidence. In the plate the insects are collected on the vertical stem, the green
individuals uppermost considerably smaller than the red beneath, like the unopened

1902.] 189

green buds towards the top of a flowering spike as compared with the expanded
blossoms below. The separate representations of the green and red forms, how-
ever, indicate no difference in size, and experience confirms this conclusion, so that
the impression conveyed by the frontispiece plate is erroneous. After further
noting that the uniform deep pink colour of the exposed parts of the insects figured
was also incorrect, Mr. Hinde remarked that he had never seen the insects grouped
according to their colours, but invariably mixed, that he had never found larvae and
imagines on the same stem or even together on the same tree or bush, nor did the
imagines affect vertical stems, but always those actually or approximately horizontal.
It does not by any means follow that Professor Gregory was mistaken in his im-
pressions, but it is certain that conditions are common other than those recorded by
him. When disturbed the imagines fly, and the larva hops, a short distance in any
direction, but soon collect into groups again. The larva? toward the end of a
growing branch are the smallest, and this arrangement might possibly reconcile
Professor Gregory's account with more recent observations. — H. Rowland-Brown,
Hon. Sec.

ANTIPODEAN FIELD NOTES.

I.— NEW CALEDONIA, the NEW HEBRIDES, and ADJACENT ISLANDS.

BY J. J. WALKEK, R.N., F.L.S.

After a week spent in strict quarantine— my first experience in
H.M. service, as I sincerely trust it is my last, of that venerable and
much-abused institution — T was able, on June 6th, 1900, to land for
the first time at Noumea, New Caledonia.

The general aspect of this great island, in its southern portion
at any rate, is by no means tropical. The first impression is that of a
mountainous and fairly verdant, but almost treeless land, such as may
be matched on many parts of the coast of old Caledonia. Near the
shore, and in the outskirts of Noumea, a few clumps of coco-nut
palms and fruit-trees relieve the general monotony, and along the
sides of the numerous and well-kept roads Acacias, Poinciana regia,
and other shade trees are planted. The steep hills which rise
immediately at the back of the town, and on which it is partly built,
are covered with coarse grass, clumps of the Agave arnericana, which
here grows like a weed and flowers profusely, and a thin scrub, chiefly
of Gasuarina and the " Niauli," Melaleuca viridijiora ; this latter
being a small straggling tree, rarely exceeding 30 feet in height, the
foliage of which yields an aromatic essential oil, very similar in its
properties to the well-known "cajeput oil " of the Moluccas. Man-
groves are much in evidence on the low swampy ground, which in
many place fringes the harbour, and inland the hills merge into bare
rugged mountains, 3,000 to 4,000 feet high, rising in Mount

190 [August,

Humboldt, one of the highest summits in New Caledonia, to 5,360
feet. In the north, these mountains are clothed in parts with true
forest, which appears to be almost absent in the southern part of the
island.

Noumea is a clean and well laid out town, but the houses are
poor in appearance, and mostly built of wood and corrugated iron,
while the public buildings, though large and commodious enough,
have one and all the aspect of barracks. It contains about 7,000
inhabitants, exclusive of the liumerous convict population, who are
nearly all quartered on one or two small islands in the harbour. The
town boasts of a small Museum, in which the ethnology and mineral
products of New Caledonia, and especially the splendid land-shells
(Placostj/lus, &c.) for which the island is so famous among
conchologists, are well represented ; but the collection of local insects
is hardly to be reckoned as even second rate. It is true it contains
a few fine Coleoptera and Orthoptera, but these, I believe, came from
the more luxuriant northern part of the island, as I could not see nor
hear anything of them in the neighbourhood.

For several miles round Noumea, as is so often the case in
Australasia wherever a settlement has been made by civilized man,
the native flora has been almost entirely driven out before the
inroads of those hardy plants and weeds which always follow in his
footsteps. That great pest of tropical cultivation, the Lantana
camera — the flowers of which seemed to me here to be less attractive
to insects than is usually the case — covers whole acres of ground in
riotous luxuriance, and common world-wide Mimosa?, Ferbenacea?,
Solanacea?, Composite?, and other intruders, including many of our
familiar British wayside weeds, meet the eye at every turn along the
roads, and in the few cultivated fields. The English sparrow, bold
and familiar as at home, is the commonest bird to be seen about the
town, and our large garden snail, Helix aspersa, presumably intro-
duced in the first instance to be eaten, is now very plentiful, in the
Loyalty Islands as well as here.

As Noumea was our head-quarters and coaling station during
our period of duty in these waters, we made several visits and spent
a fair amount of time here, finally leaving for Sydney at the end of
September. During this period the weather was very pleasant, fine
and sunny, with but little rain, and the heat was at no time very
great. The roads were usually exceedingly dusty, and at our first
arrival, any pleasure in walking outside the town, or in collecting,
was effectually spoiled by the mosquitoes. These creatures, in

1902. j 191

number and pertinacity, though fortunately not in virulence, sur-
passed everything of the kind 1 have seen in all my wanderings in the
Tropics or elsewhere. On some days it was quite out of the question
to approach a pool of water, or stand still in a shady place ; and even
on the open roads, in the full glare of the sunshine, one's clothes were
often absolutely black with the myriads of these bloodthirsty little
wretches, so that 1 was, in self-defence, compelled to carry a supply
of camphorated carbolic acid, for frequent application to my face and
hands. The nocturnal mosquitoes, though luckily not as numerous,
were much more venomous than these day-biters, which after attaining
a maximum in July, rapidly decreased in numbers, and were almost
all gone in September. Ants, too, were a great nuisance, though less
aggressive than the mosquitoes, as they swarmed under every log and
stone to the exclusion of more desirable insects, and some of the
smaller species bit and stung very sharply. Another insect pest,
which I was rather surprised to meet with here, was a species very
like our well-known Forest-fly, Hippobosca equina. In the New
Hebrides, mosquitoes and flies, though by no means absent, could not
be regarded as at all numerous or troublesome while we were there.

With these exceptions, insects were by no means abundant at
Noumea, and at no time was I able to get away for any distance into
the country. The dry open hillsides were especially unproductive,
and almost the only good piece of collecting-ground which I could
find was at " Anse Vata," on the coast about three miles away from
the town. Here a few acres of level land, covered with apparently
indigenous and almost undisturbed " bush," produced a good many
interesting insects, including a fair number of butterflies. Of these
the most important, and certainly the most beautiful, was the fine
blue Papilio Montrouzieri, Bdv., which was occasionally seen flying
even in the streets of Noumea ; and at Anse Vata, especially in Sep-
tember, it was not at all uncommon. This insect, like its larger
relative, the P. Ulysses of Amboyna, is shy and wary, and as it
usually flies rather high, is by no means easy to catch. I found the
best way to secure the insect was to get out to its head-quarters not
later than 8 a.m., at which time it might sometimes be easily approached,
when feeding at the Lantana flowers ; and later on in the day, to sit
down under the shadiest tree I could find, ready to jump up directly
one came sailing down the path, But the brilliant and imposing
appearance of P. Montrouzieri does not at all conduce to accurate
practice with the net, and when caught, a large proportion of the
specimens were found to be worn and broken. A good deal of time

192 [August,

was spent by me in searching likely-looking plants for its larva, but
without success. In the same locality I met with the handsome P.
Amyntor, Bclv., but it was very scarce ; this species is a slow and
heavy flyer, and prefers the most shady places, having, when on the
wing, a strong resemblance to a large ? Hypolimnas Bolina, L. The
last-named species was very common, and the ¥ 's were large and
fine, but not very variable, resembling closely the dark and well-
marked form I used to take at Port Darwin, N. Australia. I sawr in
the Museum what is probably a wet-season form of the ?
(H. pulchra, Butl.) with the ground colour of the wings almost en-
tirely bright fulvous-red, but this J could not meet with. The
Australian representative of the widely-spread Danais Ohrysippus
(-D. petilia, Stoll.) was common enough in dry waste places, along
with a bright-looking form of Junonia vellida, F., and the much-
wandering Anosia Plexippus, F., with its equally travelled food-plant,
the Asclepias curassavica, have both long ago found their way to
New Caledonia, and become completely naturalized and abundant.
A very neat and handsome hlack and white Enploea, allied to the
Australian E. Corinna, &c., was fairly common in shady paths, where
also Tachyris Ega, Bdv., was often met with, flying very sharply and
settling abruptly on the under-side of leaves. One or two species of
Terias, and the pretty and active little black and white Elodina signata,
Wall., were not uncommon, but by far the most abundant butterfly
was Belenois peristhene, Bdv., conspicuous, in the dry season form at
any rale, by its almost entirely black under-side. Several Lycesnidce,
including our Lampides bcetica, L., but none of them at all remarkable,
and oue or two fairly large Hesperiidte, complete the list of butterflies
met with by me. Deiopeia pulchella, L., was the commonest moth
observed.

Coleoptera were on the whole exceedingly scarce, and I did not
come across a single really handsome or conspicuous species. Hardly
anything was to be obtained by sweeping or beating, but a few
Garabidce and Heteromera were found under stones and pieces of wood,
as well as on the sea-beach at A use Vata. In roadside puddles I met
with our familiar water-beetle, Rhantus pulverosus, Steph., and another
well-known " Britisher," Aphodius lividus, 01., was the most common,
and indeed, almost the only beetle to be found in dung. Decaying
trees and old rotten posts yielded some interesting little Cossonides,
Colydiidce, Heteromera, &c. ; but my best find was a large prostrate
tree (a species of Ficus) near the racecourse. Out of this tree, after
a tremendous fight with the mosquitoes, I got at least 30 species of

1902.J 193

small beetles, including some interesting little Histerides,
Staphylinidce, Scoly tides, Cossonidce, and several very remarkable
minute forms allied to Lcemophlceus, &c. The beetles which usually
accompany commerce all over the world were to be found in plenty at
Noumea, and such familiar things as Calandra oryzes, Cathartus
advena, Triboliumferruqineum, Typhcea fumata, Silvaniis surinamensis,
Necrobia ntfipes and rujicollis, with two or three species of Carpophilus,
could be picked up ad libitum on the whitewashed walls of the houses.
But even with these, I could only make up 130 species of GoJeoptera
during my three visits to Noumea, though it was probably not the
best time of year for these insects. Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, and
Orthoptera were not abundant, but a few nice forms in each of
these Orders were obtained.

We left Noumea on June 9th for our first trip to the New
Hebrides, passing round the south end of the island inside the great
barrier-reef, and out by the so-called " Havannah Passage " into the
ocean. The scenery here was of a most curious character, a well-
wooded belt of low land next the shore, rising into steep barren-
looking hills, exposing wide stretches of bare soil of singularly bright
red, chocolate, and ochre-yellow colours. On the hillsides, as well as
on the low islets inside the reef, were numerous groves of the native
pine-tree, Araucaria Cookii, which is certainly one of the ugliest trees
in the world, from its rigidly upright formal growth and scanty
foliage, of dark, almost black colour. When first seen by Captain
Cook, in rather thick weather, these trees were even mistaken for
basaltic columns ! Next day, Aueityum* and Tanna, the two southern-
most islands of the New Hebrides, were sighted, the smoke from the
active volcano on the latter island being visible in the evening. On
the 11th we coasted round Tanna, the scenery of which, at a little
distance, is not unlike that of NoTth Devon on an enlarged scale,
being a succession of steep, rounded, grassy hills, intersected with
beautifully wooded deep valleys or "combes," and rising into an
irregular group of peaked mountains about 3,000 feet high. I had
no opportunity of landing on Tanna on this occasion, but on the
morning of the 12th we anchored in the fine landlocked harbour of
Port Fila (or Vila) in the south coast of Efate or Sandwich Island,
the largest of the Southern New Hebrides. This is the most im-
portant settlement in the islands, and boasts of a few well-built
houses and stores, and even of a sort of hotel. The land round the

* The names of Islands, &c, in the New Hebrides are spelt according to the Admiralty
Charts.- J. J. W.

194 [August,

harbour is prettily varied, but not very high, and consists, to a large
extent, of elevated coral-rock, with recent shells in recognisable con-
dition ; huge clam-shells (Tridacna gigas) sometimes more than ayard
in length, in the holes they occupied when living on the reef, may be
seen cropping out even in the paths. Large plantations of coco-nut
palms — the dried kernel or "copra " being the chief production of the
New Hebrides — have been formed mainly by French enterprise, and
bananas, coffee, cacao, and maize are also extensively planted, and
appear to thrive to perfection ; oranges, limes, and papaws are also
very plentiful and of fine quality. The graceful Areca palms, often
nearly 100 feet high, have mostly been spared in the general clearing
of the forest, as the nuts are collected for the China market. Even
that unspeakable abomination, the barbed wire fence, 13 to be met
with in this remote spot. As usual, imported weeds are largely to
the fore, one of the first noticed being our common sow-thistle grown
to a huge size ; the bird-pepper {Capsicum), and a degenerate form of
the tomato, with fruit no larger than cherries, form a dense waist-
high growth in the banana plantations, and AscJepias curassavica was
here larger and finer than I had ever before seen it, even in its native
countries. I did not, however, on this occasion, notice Anosia
Plexippus ; it was a wet day, and I saw but few butterflies in my after-
noon's walk, though I took a very fine and handsome Euplcea, pro-
bably E. Jessica, Butl., Belenois peristhene, larger than in JXew
Caledonia, and a fine dark and well-marked form of Melanitis Leda,
were not uncommon, with probably two species of Terias, a white-
banded Mycalesis, and several small " blues." Beetles, too, were
scarce, but a few were met with on foliage and under bark, including
a form allied to Amarygmus (Heteromera) possessed of considerable
powers of jumping. I found the widely distributed black earwig,
Chelisoches morio, F., commonly among ripening bananas, and large
black wingless cockroaches of most pronounced odour were only too
plentiful under every piece of loose bark. Several kinds of laud-
shells, including a rare and very elegant little species (Geotrochus
Eva, Pfr.), were brought out in numbers by the rain.

On the 14th we moved on to Havannah Harbour, another well-
sheltered anchorage, between Efate and the smaller Moso Island ;
the scenery here was very remarkable, from the well-defined terraces
of upraised coral extending in regular succession up the hillsides to a
height of SOO or 1,000 feet. The weather was still wet, and though I
was on shore for two or three hours, nothing was met with that had
not been seen at Port Fila, except one or two Anosia Plexippus and

1902.] !95

Hypolimnas BoIi?ia,a,nd a very brilliant little dark shining blue Lyccenid,
probably Jamides carissima, Butl., afterwards observed in most of the
islands.

The next two days were spent in visiting some of the smaller
islands, lying off Efate and Epi, and I was not able to land, though a
good view was obtained of Lopevi, one of the most beautiful and
symmetrical volcanic cones in the world, rising steeply from the sea
without a break to the height of 4,755 feet. On the evening of the
15th, we anchored for two days in South-west Bay, in Malekula
(Mallieolo), a large and fine island, but as yet not much better known
than in the time of its discoverer, Captain Cook, owing to the
dangerous character of the natives. Thanks, in great measure, to the
efforts of the English and Scotch missionaries, the coast or
"salt-water " natives have acquired at least a veneer of civilization,
and are safe enough, but the " bush " natives, living in the interior of
the larger islands, are by no means to be trusted. In the more settled
islands, as in Efate, Epi, and Tanna, a certain amount of clothing is
worn by the men, but in Malekula their costume is exactly as depicted
in Captain Cook's second voyage, a century and a quarter ago, con-
sisting of very little more than a scanty waistbelt, and armlets of
boars' tusks, artificially grown into a complete circle. I must confess
that the damp and clammy heat prevalent in the New Hebrides often
made me envy these lightly clad savages.

Malekula is still almost entirely covered with virgin forest of
great height and density, but at South-west Bay there are a few
clearings and plantations, and in these I met with a considerable
variety of insects. Most of the butterflies already observed at Port
Fila were taken here, with the addition of three species of Eiq)lcea,
the fine green Danais (Tirumala) moderata, Butl., and a handsome
orange-banded Messaras, allied to a Solomon Islands form ; a curious
slow-flying Lycaenid, Scolitant ides excellent, Butl., was also noteworthy.
Beetles, though nearly all of small size, were fairly plentiful ; out of
one fallen tree, sufficiently decayed to allow the wood to be pulled
apart in concentric fibrous layers, I got a large number of Histeridae
of three species, including a fine small form of the curious genus
Hololepta ; and dead standing trees were full of small Breiithidce,
Cucujidce, Cossonidce, Scolytidce, &c. Heavy rain again interfered a
great deal with my success in this apparently productive spot.

We moved round to Pangkumu Bay, a pretty little inlet on the
east side of Malekula, on the 19th, and I got an afternoon on shore
there. The forest here was very luxuriant, including many palms (one

Q2

196 [August, 1902.

of which yields sago, though not identical with the true sago-palm of
the Malay Islands), screw-pines (Pandanus) 60 or 70 feet high, hand-
some variegated Crotons, fine scarlet Zingiberaeece, and other showy
flowers and ferns in endless variety. I visited one of the native
villages, consisting of about twenty palm-leaf huts, usually little more
than a long sloping roof, with the eaves almost in contact with the
ground. These were scattered about in a neatly kept clearing about
an acre in extent, where one or two enormous fig-trees, supported on
a huge tangle of adventitious stems like the Indian Banyan, had been
left growing. At the entrance of the village a series of hollow upright
tree-trunks, the tops carved into a hideous but spirited likeness of a
grinning human face, served as drums, and no doubt at one time as
idols. The natives were quiet and friendly enough, but their gaunt
long-headed pigs, of which numbers were tethered about the huts,
were by no means so, and were not quite safe to approach. Tarns,
the staple food of the natives, are largely cultivated here, the foliage,
which is very like that of the allied Black Bryony (Tamus communis),
being neatly trained over trellis-work, somewhat after the manner of
hops. On this occasion, I did not get many insects, but from
Mr. Truss, a coffee-planter at Pangkumu, I afterwards received a few
interesting beetles, including a large luminous Elater (Photophorus
sp.) said to be not rare in the islands at times, but which I did not
succeed in finding myself.

On June 21st we arrived at Port Resolution, in Tanna, once a
fine land-locked harbour, but almost destroyed as such a few years
ago through the bottom having been upheaved bodily by a violent
earthquake. The smoke and glare of the active volcano Tasowa,
mentioned by Captain Cook in his account of Tanna, could be seen
from the anchorage, and early next morning a party of five, including
myself, set out to reach the crater, about five miles distant. Our way
for the first half of the journey was along a shady path, through fine
and luxuriant forest, but with very little insect life, except a large
flat-backed grey weevil (probably a JRhynchogonus). This was not
rare on the broad leaves of the Kava (Maci'opiper methysticum) which
is still in use as an intoxicant by the natives of the New Hebrides.
On turning a corner in the path, we were somewhat " taken aback"
by walking right into a native village, where at least 250 stalwart
savages, in full war paint and very little else, and all armed with
"trade" rifles, were assembled. The aspect of the crowd was
decidedly truculent, and by no means reassuring, but we soon found
that the gathering was a peaceful one, being in honour of the

September, 1902.1 197

marriage of three of the dusky belles of the village. Preparations
for the wedding feast were there, in the shape of huge piles of coco-
nuts and yams, some of the latter almost as big as a man's body, aa
well as several porkers, tied down to poles, and protesting loudly
against their impending fate. The natives were perfectly friendly,
and the chief readily told off a couple of men to conduct us to the
top of the volcano, our guide from the mission-house having bolted as
soon as he saw the crowd. The forest ceased about half-a-mile from
the village, and we entered on a wide plain, quite bare, except for a
few scattered Pandani, and deep in loose, reddish ashes, with steam
escaping from numerous crevices and small circular apertures or
*' fumeroles." Out of this plain rose the steep terminal cone of the
volcano, composed of loose cellular scoria and abundance of the
filamentous lava known as " Pele's Hair," and we gained the edge of
the crater, 1,100 feet above the sea, without much difficulty. The
sight amply repaid us for our long and hot walk, the crater being
some 250 yards in diameter, and at least 500 feet deep ; at the bottom
several glowing openings like furnace-mouths could bo seen, one of
which threw up a continuous shower of large masses of bright red-hot
and very fluid lava, with a deep bubbling roar, to a height of quite
30 or 40 feet. This was interrupted, at intervals of about ten minutes,
by a tremendous detonation in which fragments of red-hot stone,
some of them as large as a man, were thrown far above the rim of
the crater ; most of these fell back into it again, but it would have
been very dangerous to stand on the leeward side, to say nothing of
the sulphurous vapour, which was very copious and pungent, even to
windward. The volcano was said to be at this time in a very quiet
state, but the explosions arc often heard at Aneityum, 50 miles away,
and even sometimes at Port Fila, distant 150 miles. On the very edge
of the crater 1 caught a stray specimen of the pretty Danais hebridina,
Butl., its delicate green colour somewhat faded by the sulphurous
fumes, but it will serve as a souvenir of my visit to Mount Tasowa.

Returning to Noumea on June 24th, we started on another
cruise to the New Hebrides on July 10th, and reached Port Inyeug,
in Aneityum, on the following afternoon. Much of the timber here
had been cleared away for the supply of a sawmill, now abandoned,
and its place was taken by dense thickets of weeds, often higher than
one's head. In a short walk I found Danais pel ilia (the only time I
saw this species in the New Hebrides), and rather fine forms of
Hypolimnas Bolina and Melanitis Leda ; and bottled a few CoJeoptera
(Uloma, Piqulus, a nice little Pselaphid, &c.) from under rotten logs

198 [September,

about the old sawmill. Undine Bay, in Efate, was visited on the 19th,
and a few insects and land-shells were obtained here ; and on the
evening of the 20th we anchored in Ringdove Bay, an open roadstead
on the west side of Epi (Api) Island. This is one of the finest and
most picturesque islands in the whole group, the steep hills being
covered with high and almost unbroken forest, to which the abundance
of climbing plants, hanging in tlense festoons from almost every tree,
gives an aspect of peculiar luxuriance. Tn the roadstead a species of
Halobates, probably H. Wullerstorffi, Erauenf., was seen in some
numbers ; it was oberved, perhaps in this very spot, on the occasion
of the " Challenger's " visit to Epi (Narrative of the Cruise, vol. I.,
part 2, p. 512). We remained here until the 23rd, and T found it a
very good locality for insects. Aiwsin Plc.rippi/s was particularly
common, and nearly all the butterflies hitherto met with in the New
Hebrides were observed, with the addition of a fine Dolrschnllia,
probably D. Herriclii, Butl., Acr&a Andromache, two or three fresh
species of Euplcea, and a very fine orange-banded Hhinopalpa, allied
to S. pavovia, Mathew, of the Solomon Islands ; but on this occasion
I did not succeed in catching a specimen of the latter. Beetles, too,
were met with in fair numbers, but as usual, nearly all were of small
size ; the most remarkable was a curious little Endomychid
(Troclwideus sp.) with greatly enlarged clnb to the antennae, giving
it at first sight a deceptive resemblance to a Paussid ; this was
found not rarely with ants under bark, and I had previously taken
one or two at Noumea in a similar situation.

After a flying visit to Pangkumu Bay, where I took a specimen
of the fine Rhinopnlpa observed at Epi, and to the beautiful volcanic
island at Arnbrym, where I did not get a chance to land, we proceeded
along the west coast of the little-known and very picturesque
Aragh-aragh or Pentecost Island, where, on the evening of the 25th,
I landed for an hour, but too late to find anything, except a single
specimen of our familiar Aphodius Hindus. Next, we visited Aoba
or " Leper's Island," consisting of a single great whale-backed
mountain 4,000 feet high, everywhere covered with the densest forest,
and inhabited by a very interesting colony of pure Polynesian natives,
of a clear coffee-brown colour like the Tahitians. They are a much
finer and handsomer race than their sooty-black Melanesian
neighbours, and of very pleasant and friendly demeanour, judging by
those who came off to the ship in their tiny outrigger canoes. On
July 27th, we ran over to the south coast of Espiritu Santo, the

1902.] 199

largest and loftiest of the New Hebrides, and in the evening anchored
off the mouth of a considerable fresh-water stream, marked on the
chart as the Renee River.

We remained at this anchorage until August 4th, and our stay
here was decidedly the most pleasant and successful time J spent in
the New Hebrides. The river was navigable by large boats for about
two miles, and then narrowed into a clear rapid stream, running over
a rocky bed, with deep pools tenanted by inquisitive little fish, at
frequent intervals, and overhung by the most beautiful and luxuriant
vegetation. In the forest there were very few paths or clearings, but
the bed of the stream formed an excellent, if not very easy collecting-
ground, at any rate for butterflies. These were tolerably plentiful,
and consisted mostly of about four species of Euploea, Danais
modem t a and D. ficbridina, Messaras, Doleschnllia, a few Li/ccenidee,
etc. In addition to these, a very fine and handsome species of
Partfienos was fairly common, but not easy to obtain in good order,
and I caught two or three specimens of the white-banded black
Pupilio Hypsicles, Hew. — allied to my old acquaintance, P. Canopus,
Westvv., of North-west Australia — out of a good many individuals
seen. A few interesting fresh forms of Coleoptertr turned up, and
land-shells, mostly of the curious genus Diplomorphu, almost peculiar
to the New Hebrides, were not rare in the forest. Halooates could
be caught in plenty from the ship's side on calm days, and a very
large white-banded dark grey moth with tailed hind-wings (N~i/ eta fern on
sp.) frequently came off from the shore at dusk. Our sportsmen met
with little success, as the forest here, as in all the other parts of the
New Hebrides visited by us, was exceedingly poor in all the higher
forms of animal life. Three or four species of rats and mice are the
only land Mammalia indigenous to the Islands, besides which there are
several species of bats ; of these latter the large fruit-eating
" Flying Foxes " (Pteropus sp.) are very abundant, and do a good
deal of damage to the banana plantations. Despite their rank odour
and ugly, almost diabolical appearance, these creatures are sometimes
eaten by the French settlers. Lizards are tolerably numerous, and
snakes of two or three species, reputed to be venomous, are said to be
met with in the forest, but they must be scarce, as T never either saw
or was able to procure one. At the Renee River parrots were
plentiful enough, as well as a large and handsome fruit-pigeon (Carpo-
p huff ft oceanica), but the height of the trees which they frequented
made it very difficult to shoot them. Fish were apparently abun-
dant, but as they refused every bait we could offer them, they could

R 2

200 [September,

only be obtained by the not very sportsmanlike method of blowing
them up with gun-cotton during torpedo-practice ; moreover, many of
them are poisonous at times, and we had to be careful not to repeat
the experience of Captain Cook during his visit to these islands, as
related in the account of his second Voyage.

Our next move was round the north point of " Santo," as this
island is familiarly called, and on the afternoon of August 5th, I had
a few hours on shore at the mission station tit Terebu. Here I got
a few nice land-shells and beetles, including the handsomest Mordella
I have ever seen ; butterflies were very scarce, but I found a few
young larva? of Papilio Wypsieles on orange, and succeeded in rearing
them to the perfect state. We arrived at Port Fila on the Sth, and
remained there until the 131 h ; during this stay 1 found several
Coleoptera not previously met with, including a very fine Brenthid,
various Cossonidce, Histeridw, small Heterowiera, weevils allied to
Act/lies, and a good sized Passalus ? in numbers, mostly under logs in
the plantations. A rather handsome linear red and black beetle of
the family Hispidce {Promecoilieca sp.) was plentiful on the young
coco-nut palms, eating the softer tissue of the fronds, and reported to
do much damage to them at times. Anosia plexippus and Acrcea
Andromache were now plentiful, and a fresh butterfly, Atello Bowdenia,
Butl., was observed, but it was very shy and difficult to catch.

The fine lofty island of Eramango was visited on the 13th, but
too late in the day to admit of landing, though a number of large
SpTiingideB and other moths were attracted off to the ship by the
electric search-light which was burned in the evening. We moved
over to Tauna the next day, and anchored in Wei Sisi Bay, quite close
to the foot of the volcano. Landing in the afternoon, I saw a good
many butterflies, chiefly Euploeas, but all too high up in the trees to
be easily taken. Beetles seemed rather more plentiful than usual,
and I got a good many that were new to me, including one of the
most beautiful Glerids I have ever seen ; this was running and flying
about the tree-trunks just in the style of a Gicindelid, and at first I
mistook it for one of the smaller cylindrical' forms of that group. On
this occasion I was assisted in collecting by some small native boys,
and it was rather startling to see them catch and handle large and
savage-looking ground-spiders, which 1 was bottling on behalf of a
friend in Sydney, and which 1 would not on any account have picked
up without a pair of forceps.

Proceeding on our way to Noumea, on the 10th we anchored off
the chief French station in the Loyalty Islands, Chepenehe, in the

1902.] 201

island of Lifu. A greater contrast between the aspect of the Loyalty
Islands and that of of the lofty and luxuriant New Hebrides we had
just left can hardly be imagined. Lifu is nothing but an enormous
coral reef, upraised to a height of about 150 feet above the present
sea-level, and presenting white chalk-like cliffs to the sea. As in the
New Hebrides the corals, as well as the recent marine shells
plentifully strewn on its surface, are in quite recognisable condition.
The entire island is clothed with a dense low "bush," with plenty of
fruit-trees and coco-nut palms round the villages, and with numerous
groves of the funereal, mast-like New Caledonian pines. There are no
streams, and water is scarce, at any rate in the dry season, it being
obtained from deep wells and caverns in the coralline rock. The
natives are a good-humoured and cheerful race, much superior in
appearance to those of the adjacent groups ; as a rule they are well
clothed, but all go barefoot, though how they manage to get about
over the horrible coral surface of the islands is a mystery to me.

In one or two walks on shore I found butterflies fairly common,
mostly of species observed at Noumea, though there were one or two
that I had not yet met with. Papilio Montrouzieri was seen on
several occasions, but seldoui at close quarters, and I managed to miss
every one which gave me a chance. A specimen of Pyrantels cardui,
which flew on board the ship and was secured, was of the small
Australian form Kershawii, McCoy. Beetles were scarce, but I got a
few interesting little forms, including a small long-horned Anthribid
allied to the curious New Zealand genus Proscoporhinus. The most
abundant insect at Lifu was the common European honey-bee, also
plentiful in New Caledonia. Land-shells (Placostylus) of large size,
but nearly all dead and weather-beaten, were very numerous. We
called in at Mare Island, similar in character to Lifu, but rather more
elevated, on the 20th, but I did not land there ; and were back at
Noumea on the following afternoon.

Our third cruise to the New Hebrides commenced on September
3rd, and after a couple of days spent at Port Fila, where I got a
good many beetles and land-shells, but saw no fresh Lepidoptera, we
anchored in Ringdove Bay, Epi, on the evening of the 7th. Next
morning I went on shore, and found a really good place for butter-
flies, in a watercourse about a mile inland. The vegetation here was
magnificent, and since my last visit some large- Erythrma trees had
come out into great sheets of vivid scarlet blossom, alive with noisy
little red and green parrots (Nytnphicus sp.) and making a fine
picture of tropical luxuriance. I took seven species of LyccenidcB

202 [September,

here, all small, but some of them very pretty ; the fine Rhinopalpa
was now not rare, though very wary, and often torn and broken, as
was also the ease with Papilio Uypsicles. Dnnais (three species),
Acrcea Andromache, Messaras, Terias, Belenois, &c , were more or less
plentiful, and there were five species of Euploea, two or three in
numbers, and one very pretty blue-glossed form new to me, in this
productive spot. The beetles included a handsome chestnut-brown
Lucanid, the finest insect of the Order I met with in all the islands.

Proceeding northward to the Banks Group, in character like the
New Hebrides on a small scale, but clothed with even finer and more
luxuriant forest, we anchored off the southernmost island, Gaua, on
the afternoon of September 9th. When I landed with two of my
messmates, we were received on the beach by a highly demonstrative
but friendly crowd of stalwart dark-brown natives, all more or less
clothed, and armed with spears, bows and arrows, the latter evidently
poisoned. They were much amused at my proceedings in search of
insects, which did not meet with any great success, as it was too late
in the day, and the only butterfly observed in any numbers was what
is probably a small form of Lnmpidcs bceticus ; the beautiful little
Jamides carissima, Butl., found in most of the islands, was also not
rare in the dense bush, flashing in and out of the stray gleams of sun-
shine like a blue electric spark. On the 11th we were at Vanua
Lava, the largest of the Banks Group. 3,200 feet high, and eminently
volcanic in character. A great deal of sulphur is sent down to the
little port from a " Solfatara " nearly in the centre of the island, by
an aerial tramway, and the forest for some distance round has been
opened up by good paths. This forest was finer and more varied
than any 1 had as yet seen in these parts, and 1 was especially im-
pressed by one magnificent tree-fern left standing by the side of the
tramway, which was at least 70 feet high, with a trunk much thicker
than my body. Jt looked an excellent place for collecting, but un-
fortunately the day was wet, and insects in consequence were scarce.
One fine Parthenos and a Euplwa, both probably new to me, were
caught, and close to the beach 1 saw numbers of a dark bronzy
Cicindela settling on the volcanic sand, the colour of which it
accurately matched ; but it was so shy and active that I succeeded in
catching only one specimen, and this at the expense of my net.

On the 12th I landed for half-au-hour on Valua Island to look
at a native village, and caught a Euploea or two, and the same
evening we anchored in Dives Bay, a remarkable deep indentation in

1912.] 203

the small island of Ureparapara. This bay is walled in by lofty forest-
clad cliffs of black volcanic rock, its whole aspect suggesting that it is
an old crater broken down on the side next the sea. It rained too
hard the next morning to admit of landing on this curious island, as
I should have liked to do, and we proceeded northward to the limit
of our cruise, the small compact group called the Vava or Torres
Islands. Anchoring under Hiu, the northernmost island, in the after-
noon, I found it, on landing early the next morning (13th), to be
entirely composed, like the other islands of the group, of raised coral,
elevated to a maximum height of 800 feet, and covered with fairly
dense forest, but much less varied than in the islands we had just
left. Two species of that genus so characteristic of these islands,
Euplcea, were very common close to the beach, and were among the
finest I have ever seen, and a very brilliant moth (Glaucopis sp.) was
also plentiful. We moved on to the next island to the south, Tegua,
and anchored for several hours, giving me an opportunity of going on
shore. Here again butterflies were numerous in the shady bush-paths
near the beach, consisting chiefly of five or six species of Uuploea,
Atella, a handsome Doleschallia, probably the D. Montrouzieri, Butl.,
Terias, sundry Lyccenidce, and several others, including a fine black
and yellow Papilio which 1 was unable to catch. Some very
interesting small land-shells, and a few beetles, were also obtained,
and I caught several Halobates while wading ashore over the coral
reef fringing the beach. In the afternoon we proceeded southwards
to Lo, or Saddle Island, and early on the morning of the 14th I had
my last chance of landing before we sailed for Noumea. An hour on
shore here, chiefly in the outskirts of a very neat native village, pro-
duced a fair number of useful butterflies, including a pair of a fine
black Papilio allied to P. Hi/psicles, but lacking the white macular
band on the fore-wings. The first specimen of this insect which I saw
was in the hands of a small native child, tethered by the body by a
piece of thread, and of course too much knocked about to be of any
use for the cabinet.

After spending a few days at Noumea on our arrival there on
September ISth, our interesting visit to these remote islands came to
an end on the 27th, on which day the " Riugarooma " sailed for
Sydney.

H.M.S. " Eingarooma," Picton, New Zealand :
1902.

204 [September

THE POSITION OF PHORA IN THE SYSTEM OF DIPTERA.
BY C. R. OSTEN SACKEN, Ph.D., Hon. F.E.S.

In Latreifle's " Precis," 179(3, where the generic name Phora
appears for the first time, the genus is placed at haphazard in the
following series: — Anthrax, Lispe, Phora., Musca, &c.

Meigen, in Illiger's Magazin, 1803, p. 27b' (which contains an
enumeration of generic names, rather than a deliberate classification),
has Phora under the name of Trineura. In the "Classification"
(181)4) Trineura is placed at the very end of the Order (p. 312), with
the remark, "Sonderbare Geschopfe," which proves that Meigen did
not know what to make of them. In the " Syst. Beschr.," vi, p. 210
(1830), Meigen recognises the priority of the generic name Phora,
Latr., although he retains the name Trineurae for the Family. He
places it again at the end of his System, before the Goriacece. Ever
since Phora, by the mere force of routine, has retained the same posi-
tion, always in the vicinity of Borborus (with which it has absolutely
nothing to do), and always at the end of the Cj/clorrhapha. The
latest excellent Monograph of the Phoridce by Mr. Th. Becker
(Vienna, 1901) leaves the question of their position undecided.*

For many years I have been collecting facts about the metamor-
phosis of Phoridce in the existing literature, without ever having had
the opportunity of observing it myself. But the facts thus obtained
are sufficient to confirm me in the belief that the place of Phora is
among the Orthorrhapha, and not among the CijcJorrhapha.

The best description of the transformations of Phora is that of
Dr. J. Schnabl (Deutsche Ent. Z., 187G, pp. 217-220, with figures).
The figure of the larva (Tab. I, figs. 1, 2) has a merely superficial
resemblance to the larva of the Cyclorrhapha. Dr. .Schnabl says
(p. 217), "Its first and second segments appeared to me much more
like the schematic figure of Marno's (Verb. z.-b. Ges. Wien, 1869,
p. 325) ' long headed larvae,' than like that of the Cyclorrhaphous
Dipteral AVhat Dr. Schnabl has about the pupu (in the letter-press
as well as in the figures), reminds me slill less of a Gi/clorrhaphous
pupa, especially the pair of divergent spinules anteriorly, and the

* Brauer's successive opinions about Phora arc, as usual with him, characterized by their
arbitrariness, inconsistency and inconclusiveness. In 1880 (Zweifl. d. Kais. Mus. Wien, i, pp.
14-119, below) be says, " Die Grnppc Hypocera {Phora) scbemt rnit den Borborinen ('. !, verwandt
zu sein, dock haben die Larven viele Beziehungen zu den Ephydrinen ('.). Andcrerscits liesseu
sicb die Phoriden noch niit den Platypeziden ['.) vergleichen." in \%s'i (I.e. iii, pp. 11 and 32) be
follows up tbis idea and connects the Phorida through the Platypezida and fipunculida with
the Syrphidce (!!). (These data have already been referred to by me in the Berl. Ent. £., 18W3,
p. 382). The otherwise excellent entomologist, Eduard Becher, must have been misled by
Brauer's exaggerated notions about the frontal suture, when he introduced the most unnatural
group Bypocera, consisting of the two genera Phora and Platypeza in juxtaposition (Wien. lint.
Z., 1882, pp. l'J-54).

1902.] 205

mode of bursting the shell during the escape of the imago. The
attentive study of Dufour's description of the metamorphosis of
Phora (Mem., &c, de Lille, &c, 1841, pp. 415-424, with a plate) and
of the figures he gives, leads me to the same conclusion (compare es-
pecially the fig. 6, the pupa and the punctate line, indicating its mode
of splitting).

Finally, Phora, as a perfect insect, differs from Musca (the pre-
vailing type among the Cyclorrhapha) in its general appearance, in
the structure of all the particular organs, and in its motions : its
running is an intermittent gliding ; its different modes of flying in-
clude a peculiar up and down motion, with the legs stretched out, and
kept more or less together, an action which I have also observed in
some Orthorrhapha, as Hybotidce and Uhyphidas, but never in a Muscid.

Thus excluded from the Cyclorrhapha, Phora must fiud its place
among Orthorrhapha.

The presence of numerous macrocbaetsB, of pulvilli, and of a di-
choptic head in both sexes, prevents Phora from being located in any
of my super-families of the Orthorrhapha, excepting that which I
have called Eneryopoda (and which includes the Asilidce, the Empidce
and Lonchoptera), and it is at the end of this superfamily that I
placed Phora. But this place is a merely mnemonic arrangement,
based upon the presence of the characters just enumerated, which
exclude Phora from the other superfamilies and are present in the
Eneryopoda. A real affinity with Phora does not exist anywhere.
(For details, compare my paper, " Preliminary Notice of a subdivision
of the Orthorrhapha Brachycera ;" Berl. Ent. Z., 1S9G, pp. 365-373).

Heidelberg : August, 1902.

OGCODES OIBBOSUS, A RARE DIPTERON STORED BY CRABRO

INTERRUPTUS.

BY THE 11EV. H. S. OOllHAM, P.Z.S.

On July 21st, 1900, at Emery Down, New Forest, I discovered a
thistle {Cnicus palustris) with a hole in it about three feet from the
ground, round which several spiders seemed watching, and on investi-
gation 1 found the hollow stem to which the hole led to be filled for
about eight inches with numbers of the rare fly Oy codes yibbosus.
There were perhaps twenty-five or thirty flies, and then a wad of frass
and debris, and then another segment, and a wad ; and in some a
Hymenopterous larva engaged iu devouring the stored-up flies.

The spider (of which I do not at present know the name) bore a
remarkable likeness to the flies, and at first 1 rather naturally felt

206 [September,

perplexed as to the connection between them. Dr. Sharp, who was
then at Emery Down, and to whom I gave half of the store in the
stem which 1 cut off, pointed out to me, that as recorded in the
Cambridge Nat. Hist., vi, p. 400, the habits of Acrocera or Ogcodes
" are very peculiar, the larvae so far as known living as parasites
within the bodies of spiders or their egg-basfs."

1 have now very little doubt but that the spiders I observed were
of the species that is the host of these parasitical flies ; but I do not
think their mimicry of the Or/codes has before been noticed. I can
only suggest that the fly is very local, and that where it occurs so
must the spider, and that its presence near the hole used by the
Hymenopteron was only accidental. From one pupa I raised the bee
which Mr. Morice informs me is Crabro interrupt us with very little
doubt.

The hole in the thistle was probably due to its having been pre-
viously tenanted by a larva of the moth Qortyna flavaqo, which I have
bred from similarly perforated thistles. Altogether there must have
beeu more than fifty of the fly thus stored, dead, but quite fresh, and
with the exception of those that had been partially eaten, in good
condition. 1 am not aware if any instance has been recorded of the
storing up of these flies since Westwood noticed the fact in the
Modern Classification of Insects, vol. ii, pp. 1S9 and 545.

Mallota cimbic/funnis, Fin. (eristaloides, Lw.). — 1 have two ex-
amples of this fly captured by myself in the New Forest ; one in
1804, the year in which it was first recorded, the other in 1805, for
which I could not get a name till 1 took them to South Kensington
and showed them to Mr. Austen.

Microdon lati/rons, Lw. — On May 24th of this year I had the
good fortune to secure a specimen of this fly near Lyndhurst Koad
Station, towards Ashurst Lodge. It was sitting on a leaf rather near
the grouud. Although this appears to be only the second example
that has occurred in Britain, it was at once determined by Dr. Sharp
to whom I showed it, from a reference to Mr. Verrall's book ; and I
have sinced verified it by comparison with the unique specimen in the
British Museum.

Stomphctstica Jlava, Mg. — I have bred this from pupae found in
rotten birch wood, April 30th; the flies emerged May (3th to 20th.

Other good flies 1 have met with this year are Galliprobola (Spilo-
myia) speciosa (2) ; Dldceu fasciata, New Forest ; Merodon equcstris, not
uncommon in my garden at Shirley during June ; Anthrax fenestrata,
sitting on the hot sandy road near Denny Lodge, New Forest.

Shirley Warren, Southampton :
July IQth, 1902.

1902.] 207

IS MACROPRYA R.EMATOPUS, Pz., A BRITISH INSECT?
BY THE KEV. F. D. MOKICE, M.A.., E.E.S.

In Mr. Cameron's " Monograph " Macrophya rujipes, Liun., and
M. hcematopus, Pz., are both given as British species, and are said to
be easily separated by the coloration, rujipes having a red -banded
abdomen and white marks on the pronotum and coxae, while in hcema-
topus the abdomen is unhanded and the pronotum and coxee black. I
have, however, often been puzzled by British specimens which,
according to the above diagnosis, would belong by their abdomen to
rujipes, and by their other characters to hcematopus. And lately I
took near Kipley (Surrey) along with normal specimens of rujipes
another, which struck me as clearly not differing from them specifically,
but which had all the characters, including the immaculate abdomen,
assigned by Mr. Cameron to hcematopus.

This led me to examine carefully my foreign specimens of the
two species, and 1 then found that, quite apart from the coloration,
the two species differ very markedly in sculpture. In rujipes the
thorax and abdomen are microscopically rugulose and consequently
somewhat dull above, and are also rather largely and coarsely punc-
tured. In hcematopus the thorax and at least the basal part of the
abdomen are quite smooth and shining, and the punctures so intensely
fine as to be almost imperceptible. This difference seems to me much
more important than the coloration. But I noticed, also, that in all
my specimens of hcematopus the red on the legs was of a deeper tint
than in rujipes (crimson rather than ferruginous), and that in all my
females of hcematopus the clypeus, the scutellum, and all the trochanters
were black, while in those of rujipes these parts were white or yellow.

Mr. Cameron having mentioned that the only certain British
locality for hcematopus known to him was Glanvilles Wootton,I wrote
to Mr. C. W. Dale, asking if he would allow me to examine the
specimens referred to. He tells me, however, that he does not possess
hcematopus, "nor anything at all like Panzer's figure," and that Mr.
Cameron's record of it as occurring at Glanvilles Wootton should
apply to rujipes. He tells me also that the name hcematopus was in-
troduced into the British list first by Samouelle, and refers me for an
explanation of the error to JSteph. 111., vii, p. 62. That passage is
also cited by Mr. Cameron as an authority for hcematopus ; but in it
Stephens, after describing what he calls hcematopus, Pz., expressly
declines to vouch for its occurrence in Britain !

208 [September,

Pastor Konow, dealing in " Societas Entomologica" (1898) with
various questionable records in old writers, mentions a Macrophya
heematopus of Newman, which, he says, is really the male of M. rufipes.

As it would seem, from the above, that early British records of
heematopus must he regarded with some suspicion, and as 1 certainly
never myself saw a British specimen having the structural (as apart
from the colour) characters of that species, I took the opportunity of
a recent passage through London to visit Mr. Cameron's collection,
now in the Natural History Museum, hoping to see for myself what
the insects were from which he had drawn up his descriptions of the
two species. In this, however, I was completely disappointed ; for
that collection includes no specimen at all either of hcematopus or of
rufipes ! This is strange, for rufipes, at least, is certainly no rarity in
this country. However, such is the fact ! Neither hcematopus or
rufipes is represented, except by blank spaces, in the Cameron col-
lection.

It seems to me that, under the above circumstances, Macrophya
hcematopus, Pz , has at present no satisfactory claim to a place in the
British List of Tenthredinidce, and that the insects hitherto recorded
under that name are in all likelihood merely varieties of rufipes, Linn.

Woking : July, 1902.

A SCENT-PRODUCING ORGAN IN THE ABDOMEN OF THE WORKER
OF APIS MELLIF1CA.

liT F. W. L. S LAD EN, F.E. S.

In investigating the phenomenon known as the " joyful hum " of
bees I have been led to make some observations which have deeply
iuterested me, and which appear not to have been recorded by others.

It has long been known that bees when swarming will, under
certain circumstances, set up a peculiar hum, which seems to be at-
tractive to their comrades.

This hum can be artificially produced by lifting a comb covered
with bees out of a hive and shaking off the bees on to the alighting
board of the hive. The bees nearest to the entrance commence to
hum as they enter the hive. By this act they draw to themselves the
other bees scattered around, and these bees, as soou as they have
joined the main body, will also commence humming. Thus, the bees
that have been attracted attract others in their turn, and this process
coutinues until all have passed into the hive.

1902.] 209

The same phenomenon frequently occurs naturally in a modified
and less noticeable way whenever the bees of a hive are flying, and
especially when they fly in spring-time, or after they have been con-
fined to their hive for a day or two by bad weather ; these being the
occasions when a number of young bees are more or less doubtful
as to the position of the entrance to the hive. At these times there
is considerable excitement around the entrance, and a certain number
of bees — from two or three to fifty or more — may be observed to
give expression to the " joyful hum." By so doing they indicate the
position of the entrance (1) to tired, heavily-laden, old, or chilled bees,
and (2) to young bees that are flying for the first or second time ;
thus much confusion and loss of bee-life are prevented.

Again, when a swarm has lost its queen, the bees that first find
her will give expression to the " joyful hum," and the rest of the
swarm will then soon join them.

From these facts it is evident that in the " joyful hum " bees
have a method of signalling to one another, which is of the greatest
value to them in keeping the members of a swarm or colony together.

One would naturally imagine that the communication is effected
by the sound of the " hum." This pre-supposes that bees can hear.
Sir John Lubbock (now Lord Avebury), however, found that both
ants and bees are apparently insensible to ordinary sounds, although
he was disposed to think that ants (and bees ?) are able to perceive
sounds which we cannot hear. At the same time he found the
sense of smell to be highly developed in ants ; and of bees he said
that it seems clear they possess a keen power of smell ("Ants, Bees,
and Wasps," IS81).

My experiments with humble-bees, which have extended over a
period of twelve years, have led me to similar conclusions with regard
to humble-bees.

I will not enter here into the question as to whether bees can
hear or not, but these points are mentioned because it was in the
light of them that I was led to the idea that bees when giving expres-
sion to the "joyful hum " might at the same time emit an alluring
scent.

When hiving a swarm in July 1900, T recognised a distinct and
somewhat pungent odour, something between that of formic acid and
iodine. About the same time I noticed that . all bees that gave
expression to the "joyful hum" in any of the ways above cited,
adopted a peculiar attitude. Each bee stood with the apex of the
abdomen more or less elevated, and she exposed a large portion of the

210

[September,

membrane connecting the fifth and sixth segments of the dorsum, which
normally lies hidden under the 5th segment. It struck me that this
membrane might produce the scent I had noticed, and that the scent
might be employed .is a means of allurement whenever the instinct
of any worker belonging to a swarm or colony prompted her to call
her comrades.* The very "humming" or fanning seemed to lend
support to my theory, for I asked myself— Would not the disturbance
of the air caused by the vibration of the wings distribute the scent
far and wide? It seemed to me that in no way could the bee distri-
bute the scent better than by elevating that portion of its body from
which the scent issued, and by fanning the scent with a vibration
of the wings.

By the use of a
specially - constructed
sta^e for my micros-
cope, in which I could
clamp and distend the
abdomen of a newly-
killed worker-bee, I was
able to get a very fair
view of the organ in
question (see figure).
At the base of the 6th
segment is a long nar-
row depression (B).
The surface of this de-
pression and that of
the adjoining portion of the membrane A appeared to be finely
rugulose, or covered with a mass of minute vesicules.

I tried a number of experiments in endeavouring to prove my
theory, but it was not until March, 1901, that T was able to do this to
my satisfaction. I then made the following experiment • —

The dorsal segments of several newly-killed worker-bees were
removed en masse, and stretched out by means of fine pins on to a
sheet of cardboard. In this way the membranes connecting all the

* The effective working of this beautiful arrangement is very strikingly illustrated in the
case of the tired, drowsy bees that often enter the hives singly on a cold spring evening. .Many
of them fail through exhaustion to alight exactly at the entrance, and they would probably
perish if it were not for the fact that those who are more fortunate will almost always stand for
some time at the portal humming ami exposing the scent organ before joining the warm cluster
in the hive, although they are often benumbed with cold. A few such bees will rouse any others
standing around in a remarkable way, and direct them into the hive ; but hardly one of these
will go in until it has fust done its share of humming, and exposing the membrane. The
more bees that have found the entrance in this way, the greater will he the band of hummers ;
thus, the larger the number of lives in danger the greater is the means of rescue. — F. W. L. S.

1902.] 211

segments were fully exposed to view. When preparing the third or
fourth of these specimens I suddenly smelled strongly the very same
odour that 1 had noticed with the swarm. I immediately separated
the membrane connecting the fifth and sixth segments with as small
a portion of these segments as possible, and placed it on a card by
itself, and it continued to give; out the scent for some time, while
the card on which the remainder of the specimen rested soon lost the
scent.

The above experiment was repeated with a similar result, but I
found that it was not every specimen that would produce the scent.

The experiment is a very simple one, and it can easily be verified
by any one.

The organ in question appears to have been first noticed in the
year 1883, when Nassanoff of Moscow described it, and an account
of his description was sent by Zoubareff to the Swiss Bulletin
cT Apiculture.

The organ is described as a canal. " At the bottom of this canal
a large number of small glands open, each one of which has an oval
cell with a well-defined globule. From each cell a duct starts out
and extends to the bottom of the canal." Nassanoff further said that
the walls of the duct are of a chitinous texture. He assigned a
secretory function to the glands and suggested that they produced the
perspiration. Zoubareff, while not absolutely rejecting Nassanoff's
theory, connected the existence of the glands with the little drops of
liquid that bees are said to let fall when they are on the wing, which
he said represent the excess of moisture which nectar freshly
gathered from flowers contains over ripened honey, and which he
thought was collected, and then thrown off by these glands. I have
been unable to verify this statement.

The accompanying drawing represents the extremity of the dis-
tended abdomen of a worker honey-bee seen from above. A is the
rugulose portion of the membrane connecting the fifth and the sixth
dorsal segments. B is Nassanoff's canal.

EXPLANATION OF FIGURE.

Tip of distended abdomen of worker honey-bee seen from above, enlarged.
4d, 5d, 6d — 4th, 5th, and 6th dorsal segments.
6v — 6th ventral segment.
A — Rugulose portion of membrane.
B —Nassanoff's canal.

Ripple Court, Dover :

June, 1902.

212 [September,

OCCURRENCE OF TRIMNODES CONSPERSA, Rbe., COMMONLY IN

SOUTH DEVON.

BY ROBERT MoLACHLAN, P.R.S., &c.

The finding, and in some numbers, of a Trichopteron of which there
has, I think, been scarcely any record for nearly 40 years, is almost
entitled to be termed a re-occurrence. In my "Trichoptera Britannica"
(1SG5) I wrote (p. 113) of T. cons-perm, "It has been taken in summer
at Ringwood, Exeter, Hyde Park, &c." Stephens, in his "Illustra-
tions " (Lept. lonc/icornis), says " near London." I have two examples
from Ringwood taken there by Mr. Gr. B. Corbin and received from
hi in in 1864. The Hyde Park example was taken by Mr. H. Pryer,
and is now in Mr. C. A. Briggs' possession : but with my recent
British, and former continental experience of the habits of the insect,
I much fear that the citation of " Hyde Park " was due to an error
of memory. The Exeter citation is no doubt due to information from
Mr. Parfitt, who in his " Fauna of Devon, Neuroptera" (Trans. Devon.
Assoc. Adv. of Science, 1879) says it is a rare species, but has been
found " on the Exe in August." What my " &c." may refer to I do
not now recollect, but I have some idea that I once saw the species
from the Fen district.*

From July 28th to August 11th in this year I was at Seaton Junction in
Eastern South Devon, about four miles from Seaton and the same from Axminster.
On July 31st I found an example of T. conspersa amongst my captures at Whitford,
on the Axe, about one mile from Seaton Junction. Thereupon I set to work to find
out more about the species, paying frequent visits to the locality, sometimes twice
in the same day. As a result I found over forty examples, mostly females. A
few were captured by beating the trees near the river ; a few were at rest on the
iron bridge ; but the majority occurred by sweeping the grass and other herbage at
the extreme edge of the banks of the river where the current was strong (the
species also exists higher up towards Axminster, and on the Yarty near its junction
with the Axe). One observation is of importance. One evening when there was
an interval of sunshine (a rare occurrence) between P> and 7, I saw what I was con-
vinced was the species in large numbers flying in a mazy manner close over the
surface of the water where it was shallow and the ripple great. My net stick was
far too short to reach them, but, by patient waiting, I secured one example, enough
to confirm my belief. So much for my own experience. The species is no doubt
common on the lower part of the Axe, and on the Avon at Ringwood and Christ-
church ; possibly on many other streams of a similar nature. If is an elegant
insect, owing to its extraordinarily long antenmr and maxillary palpi.

I do not here propose to say anything about its continental distri-

* Since the above was in type Mr. Porritt has informed me that he received examples taken
by the late Mr. J. E. Fletcher on the Teme at Worcester. I do not think Mr. Fletcher made any
record at the time, but the species is no doubt included in his List in the " Victoria " County
series, of which I have not yet seen " Worcestershire."--R. McL.

1902.] 213

bution, which is certainly very wide. But I regret not having placed
examples of both sexes in alcohol, because I have reason to think
that my figures ("Rev. and Synopsis") are susceptible of improve-
ment, and it is very difficult to define the complicated anal parts in
dry individuals. Furthermore, a fresh study of T. interna, McLach.,
from Turkestan, is probably necessary. Of this latter I have 2 <$
and 3 ? . In one <$ the anal parts agree fairly well with my figure
("Rev. and Synopsis") ; in the other there is more resemblance to
T. conspersa. I may add that in conspersa I have reason to believe
that, in the branched inferior appendages of the <$ , one branch is
mobile and capable of extension in a thumb-like manner.

Lewisham, London :

August IMh, 1902.

DRAGON-FLIES (INCLUDING 1SCHNURA PUMILIO AND AORION
MERCURIALS IN ABUNDANCE) AND OTHER NEUROPTERA
IN THE NEW FOREST.

BY GEO. T. POttKITT, F.L.S.

From June 18th to July 1st last I spent at Brockenhurst in
company with Mr. T. Ashton Lofthouse, of Middlesbrough. The
immediate object of my own visit was to collect Ischnura pumilio,
Agrion mercuriale, and other New Forest dragon-flies ; but Mr. Loft-
house devoted bis time to the Lepidoptera. Acting on instructions
kindly given to me by Mr. W. J. Lucas, the morning after our arrival
I readily found the locality for Isch. pumilio and Agrion mercuriale,
and very soon saw that both species were in abundance, and they
became still more so in better weather a few clays later. I could
indeed have taken almost any number had I wanted them. Both
species flew together, though, as Mr. Lucas had already recorded,
pumilio seemed more partial to swampy ground, whereas mercuriale,
although also occurring freely in the swamp, was perhaps more plenti-
ful on the clear streams which ran through the boggy ground.

The bright orange-yellow variety, aurantiaca,oi the ? of pumilio,
seemed much more plentiful than what is considered the ordinary
form of the $ , and was very pretty. A few Agrion puella occurred
among the mercuriale, but it did not take long to enable one to detect
the difference, even when on the wing ; and although an occasional
Isch. elegans occurred with the pumilio, it was quite a rarity on that
piece of ground, which I may add was of considerable area. Another

214 [September,

local species which occurred freely with them was Pyrrhosoma tenel-
lum, and of it, a dark bronzy form of the ? , which does not seem to
occur in the Surrey localities of the species, was common. On a
broad stream the pretty Gomphns vulgatissimus was so common that
on one day I think I must have seen at least forty specimens ; and
with it Oordulegaster annulatus was not at all rare. The fine Anax
imperator occurred, bul probably we did not come across its head
quarters ; and, on one pond at least, Libellula quadrimaculata was in
numbers. One or two specimens of a large species, probably JEschna
juncea were hawking on a heath, but we failed to catch an example.
The pretty Platycnemis pennipes abounded, and in great variety,
numbers being ivory-white, with dark transverse markings, and many
of the loveliest sky-blue, with longitudinal marks. Of the larger
species, the most abundant was undoubtedly Orthetrum ca^rulescens,
yet although so plentiful, it was evidently only just well out on our
arrival, as all the J s were then brown, not a blue one to be seen. A
few days sufficed to bring them to the adult colouring, when the blue
<$ s were plentiful enough. Platetrum depressum was, of course, every-
where, and the blue <^s of it also became more abundant day by day;
the gorgeous Calopteryx virgo flitted in plenty about all the larger
streams ; but, curiously, G splendens was never seen. Lastly, it need
scarcely be added that Pyrrhosoma nymphula was plentiful enough.

Of Planipennia, Raphidia notata, Hemerobius stigma and H.
concinnus occurred, the last in plenty, but all of the brownish form ;
Chrysopa alba, O. tenella, C. ventralis, and C. perla, the last two in
plenty ; Panorpa communis, &c. The only Perlidce noticed were Isop-
teryce tripunctata and Nemoura variegata.

Nothing of any note turned up from the little work done among

the Trichoptera. These included Phryganea grandis ? , one ? only, at

sugar ; Glyphotcelius pellucidus, not uncommon ; Limnophilus rhom-

bicus, L. griseus, L. auricula, L. centralis, L. luridus, the last abundant,

Micropterna lateralis, common ; Sericosfoma personatum, Goera pilosa,

common ; Leptocerus cinereus, abundant, Mystacides nigra, &c.

Crosland Hall, Huddersfield :
August I3tk, 1902.

AQUATIC OETROPTERA IN CEYLON.
BY E. ERNEST GREEN, F.E.S., Government Entomologist, Ceylon.

I see in a report of Proc. Ent. Soc. (in July number of Ent. Mo.
Mag.) a note about Aquatic Orthoptera, the occurrence of such forms
being considered peculiar. We have in Ceylon a large group of

1902.] 215

aquatic Acridians, of the family Tettigidce, e. g., Scelimena harpago,
Serv., and allied species. This species in particular has the hind
tibia and tarsus laterally expanded for swimming. The insect fre-
quents the mountain streams of Ceylon, resting on the wet rocks in
mid-stream. When disturbed they leap without hesitation into the
water, and either swim to another rock, or dive to the bottom, often re-
maining there for a considerable period. I remember on one occasion
observing the larva of some Tettix walking about amongst the dead
leaves at the bottom of a shallow pool. Gavalidium crocodilus, Serv.,
is another species that frequents wet rocks ; but I have uever seen
this insect actually take to the water.

Peradeniya, Ceylon :

July 28th, 1902.

ON A CICADINE NEW TO BRITAIN.

BY JAMES EDWARDS, F. E. S.

LlMOTETTIX STACTOGALA.

Stactogala, Amyot, Ann. Soc. Eut. Fr., xv, p. 21.7 ; id., Meth. Mon.,

p. 413 (1847).
Opsins stactogalus, Fieber, Neue Gatt. und Art. iu Horn., p. 9, t. vii,

f. 19 (1866).
Thamnotettix tamaricis, Kirschbaum, Cicad., p. 90 (1868).
Athysanus stactogala, Ferrari, Cicad. agri Ligust., pp. 54 — 57 (1882) ;

Melichar, Cicad. Mitt. Eur., pp. 258—261 (1896).
Upper fore-parts shining yellowish-green, elytra dull leek-green with rnilk-
whito spots. Crown evenly rounded in front, not longer in the middle than at the
sides, in the male three times, in the female three and half times, as broad as long.
Frontal suture from the antenna to the elypeus but little more than half as long
as the distance between the antennae. Clavus and corium dull leek-green, with
more or less of the costal area, and a varying number of small irregular spots,
milk-white, veins dark green ; membrane milk-white, the second apical area and
parts adjacent, with the veins, reddish-fuscous. Face, legs, and under-side pale
green ; spines of the hind tibiae white. Abdomen above black, with the sides
narrowly pale. Length (including elytra), 5 mm.

I am indebted to Mr. E. A. Butler for the opportunity of re-
cording this interesting addition to the British fauna ; the specimens
were taken by Mr. H. L. F. Guennonprez in August, 1901, at Pagham
Harbour in S.W. Sussex, where old-established plants of Tamarix,
the food-plant of the species, grow abundantly : it is a species of
South European distribution, and doubtless introduced into this
country with its food-plant. This insect has at various times been

S 2

216 [September,

treated as an Athysanus or Tkamnotettitv, but in the limitation of
genera which I have adopted it falls readily into the genus Limotettix,
J. Sahl., forming with L striola, Fall , a section in that genus dis-
tinguished from the remaining species by having the crown broadly
rounded in front, but little longer in the middle than at the sides, and
about three times as broad as long. It has, however, no near ally
amongst the British Cicadina, and though its distinctive features are
mainly those of facies and colour-pattern, it would, perhaps, be better
placed in a separate genus ; in which case the name Opsins, Fieber, is
available. It is probable that in life all the green parts of the insect
are of the same tint as the elytra of the specimens before me.

Colesborne, Cheltenham :
July 'AQth, 1902.

L&MOSTENUS COMPLANATUS, Dej., IN IRELAND: AN ADDITION
TO THE BRITISH FAUNA.

BY STANLEY W. KEMP, F. E. S.

When looking over a box of beetles which T had caught during a
stay in Ireland, Mr. E. A. Waterhouse drew my attention to the fact
that some specimens which 1 had taken to be L. (Pristonychus) ter-
ricola, Herbst, did not belong to that species. These, on further
examination, proved to be Lcemostenus complanatus, D e j . , a species
which I am thus pleased to add to the British list. This insect
appears to have an extremely wide range, being recorded from S.
France, Portugal, Italy, Barbary, Madeira, St. Helena, Bermuda, and
Chili.

It is on the whole a smaller insect than P. terricola, the thorax is
less contracted behind, and the elytra are more parallel-sided ; there
are wings under the elytra (P. terricola is apterous), and the legs are
considerably shorter.

The specimens, some two dozen in number, were found under
the stones of a fallen wall, on sandy soil near the sea, about three
miles from Nelson's Pillar, Dublin, last June. I am indebted to Mr.
E. A. Waterhouse for assistance in identification.

8U, Oxford Gardens, Netting Hill, W. :
August, 1902.

[This 8. European insect, which appears to be almost cosmopo-
litan, will probably be found mixed with P. terricola in British
collections, as I find I have two of it from Chatham, captured by Mr.
J. J. Walker in IS 71. It is a common species at Gibraltar, and ou

1902] 217

the opposite N. African coast, as well as in Algeria, &c. The generic
name is often written Lcemoslhenes. — G. C. C]

A NEW EUROPEAN SPECIES OF PTEROPITORID.E.
BY E. MEYBICK, B.A., F.Z.S.

In August, 1900, 1 spent a fortnight at Saas-ITee, in the Valais,
Switzerland, which lies at an elevation of over 0000 feet, and carefully
collected all the obtainable Lepidoptera from 5000 up to 9000 feet.
Amongst them was the following species, which appears to be un-
described.

Platyptilia leucobbhyncha, n. sp.

? . 18-19 mm. Head white, mixed with wlutish-ochreous, frontal tuft 1.
Palpi 2£, whitish-ochreous, terminal joint long, tip white. Antennae white, ringed
with fuscous. Thorax whitish, mixed with light brownish-ochreous. Abdomen
whitish, mixed witli ochreousand fuscous. Legs white, banded with reddish-fuscous.
Fore-wings formed as in gonodactyla, therefore more elongate than in tesseradaclyla ;
ochreous-whitish, more ochreous-tinged towards base ; costal edge fuseous-mixed
from base to beyond middle ; an outwardly oblique fuscous spot on dorsum at |,
reaching half across wing; an undefined fuscous spot in disc just before middle ;
a narrow wedge-shaped fuscous spot along dorsum from before middle to f ; a tri-
angular dark brown blotch on costa before fissure, reaching § across wing, outer edge
slightly concave ami less oblique than termen ; a moderate dark brown subterminal
fascia, and narrower brown terminal fascia, separated by a narrow streak of ground
colour: cilia white, base on termen light brown edged with a dark fuscous line, on
dorsum with a moderate projection of black-tipped scales at f, and a smaller one
at i. Hiud-wings rather dark fuscous, slightly reddish-tinged ; cilia pale brownish,
on dorsum whitish-mixed at base, with a large projection of black-tipped scales in
middle, and two or three similar scales near base of wing.

Three specimens taken in a deep wooded gully below Saas-Fee
in August, at 5300-5500 feet ; amongst rough herbage in which a
large Senecio and a Petasites grew luxuriantly, to one or other of
which this species is probably attached. Most allied to P. tessera-
daclyla, with which it nearly corresponds in size, but more elongate-
winged ; agreeing also in the position and characters of the scale-
projections of hind-wings, but certainly distinct by the much longer
frontal tuft, a reliable character ; the palpi are also much longer, and
the dark costal blotch before fissure is quite differently formed ; finally,
the prominent development of the ochreous-white ground colour in
the head and fore- wings distinguishes it at once superficially from
this, and (combined with the small size) from all other European
species of the genus.

Elmswood, Marlborough :

July 24th, 1902.

218 September,

RHIZOTROGUS OCHRACEUS, Enoch, CONFIRMED AS BRITISH.
BY DK. D. SHARP, M.A., F.R.S.

Mr. C. Gr. Lamb, the Dipterologist, while, in Cornwall last month
wrote me that a Rhizotror/us was flying there in the daytime. Knowing
from continental experience that this is the habit of R. ochraceus, I
asked him to bring two or three examples, thinking it just possible
the Cornwall " dor " might prove to be this great rarity. He has
accordingly kiudly given me five specimens that are this much-wished-
for beetle. Fowler says of it : " Very rare ; Holyhead, Wales
(Stevens and Brewer) ; one specimen recorded by Stephens from pro-
bably Derbyshire or Yorkshire."

In the Cornwall locality the insect is not uncommon, but we
shall have to wait till another year for a supply of it. As already
remarked it flies in the daytime. R. solstitialis is abundant in the
same locality, and, as usual, flies in the evening. Probably any one
finding a Rhizotrogus flyiug in the west at mid-day will be in posses-
sion of this insect.

Cambridge :

August 12th, 1902.

Bembidium argenteolum, Ahr., at Lough Neagh. — The circumstances of the
discovery of B. argenteolum, together with a description of this interesting addition
to our British Coleoptera, will be found in the List of the Beetles of Ireland com-
piled by Mr. J. N. Halbert and myself, and published in the Proceedings of the
Royal Irish Academy, 3rd Series, vol. vi, No. 4.

I had not an opportunity of revisiting the place of its capture until last month,
when Mrs. Johnson and I spent a day on the shores of Lough Neagh, and at
Ardmore again met with the beetle. The day was dull and cloudy and the water
very high, so that it was difficult to find it. After a good deal of work we managed
to take a dozen. The beetles are found on sandy and shingly parts of the shore,
and hide either just below the surface of the sand or under small stones. As soon
as the sun shone out they began to emerge from their hiding places. Along with
these Bembidia we took Dyschirius obscurus, Pelophila boreal is, anil Hil/iha dispar;
insects were, however, very scarce.

There is a specimen of Bembidium argenteolum in the collection of the late
Robert Patterson, F.R.S. , of Belfast, which is labelled " Shane's Castle, 1831." It
is interesting to note that seventy years afterwards, viz., in 1901, a grandson of this
gentleman, also named Robert Patterson, should be the finder of another addition
to the liBt of British Coleoptera, viz., Stenus jjalposus, Zctt. (vide Johnson and
Halbcrt's List of the Beetles of Ireland, p. b'65), and that the discovery should also
be made on the shore of Lough Neagh, though at a different part, near Toome.

B. argenteolum has also been taken by Mr. II. L. Orr, of Belfast, at Glenavy,
Co. Antrim, on the eastern shore of Lough Neagh. This, with Mr. Kemp's record,
points to the presence of the beetle in suitable places all round the lake. — W. F.
Johnson, Acton Glebe, Poyntzpass : August 9th, 1902.

1903] 219

A Stylopid attracted by light.— It might interest readers of the Ent. Mo.
Mag. to know that I recently captured a male Stylopid, at night, in an acetylene
gas moth trap. It corresponds almost exactly to the figure of Elenehus tenuicomit
(Westwood's Classification of Insects, vol. ii, p. 288, fig. 'J 1—1). — E. Kunk.st
Gkern, Peradeniya, Ceylon : July 2Hth, 1902.

Coleoptera, Sfc, at Woking. — The following species have been captured here
this summer in addition to those already recorded, antea p. 134: — Anchomenus
quadripunctatus, one specimen running on a pine stump, May 31st; Badister
pelt at us, singly, in a damp place, not previously seen by me in this district ; Bern-
Odium doris and B. obliquum ; Homalota scapularis and Tachinus scapularis, by
sweeping; Medon obsoletus, on the wing ; Nitidula rufipes, in dead bird; Odon-
tceux mobilicornis, one female example, captured on the wing in my garden by my
son, June 21st ; Throscus carinifrons, running on a pine stump in the evening, in
company with T. dermestoides ; Telephorus thoracicus ; Pissodes notatus, three
specimens, in two widely separated localities, May and June, a species apparently
spreading in the pine woods here; Ceuthorrhynchus setosus ; Sitones cambricus ;
Alophus triguttatus ; Stylops melitttt, eighteen specimens captured on the wing in
my garden, and others seen, May 24th, between 10 and 11 a.m., stylopised Andrena
Wilkella occurring with them; Corimelcena scarabaoides ; Ceraleptus livid us ;
Spathocera Dalmani, not previously seen by me in this district ; Corizus maculatus ;
Ploiaria culiciformis, on the wing in my garden ; Ranatra linearis, in the canal. —
G. C. Champion, Horsell, Woking: August lUh, 1902.

Coleoptera from East Kent. — In my record of Coleoptera from East Kent for
last year (antea pp. 7;<-7'l) I omitted the following : — Carabus nwnili.t, P., including
the var. consitus, Panz., not uncommon in a little brick area sunk for the window
of .i cellar ; Ocypus similis, F., 0. fuscatus, Grav., Euconnus denticornis, Mull.,
Eutheia plicata, Gyll., Liodes humeralis, ¥., and Caeliodes exiguus, 01. Also from
the Blean Woods : Plinthus caliginoxus, ¥., Syntotnium mneum. Mull., Clambus
minutus, Sturm, C. armadillo, De G., and Acalles ptinoides (3), the last mentioned
from the purlieus of a nest of Formica rufa. This year I have been unable so far to
find a single Coleopterous insect of any interest. I regret to say that my Ho»ioeusa
locality has been destroyed. It was really an enormous heap of stones with which
a small disused chalk pit had been filled, perhaps some hundreds of years ago.
Unfortunately the owner discovered what it was about the same time as I did, the
tons upon tons of stones were removed last winter to mend the roads, and ants'
nests and beetles are no more. — A. J. Chitty, 27, Hereford Square, S.W. : June
20th, 1902.

Otiorrhynchtts blandus, Oyll., in the Isle of Man. — During a visit to the Tsle
of Man at the end of August, 1901, I met with a single specimen of this species on
the Permian sandstone cliffs on the coast to the north of Peel.

During the present year, in April, May, June, and July, I have taken a total
of fifteen specimens in the neighbourhood of Port Erin : the majority occurred
under stones, at roots of grass, or crawling on pathways on low clay-slate cliffs at

220 [September,

Port Erin, Spaldrick Bay, Fleshwick, and Perwick ; a few, however, were found
under stones at Bradda Head, and at Ballanahow, at an altitude of between 300
and 400 feet.

Whilst on holiday visits to the island in August, 1890 and 1901, I collected up
to the summits of several of the higher mountains, but never met with the species,
and it may possibly be rather maritime than sub-alpine, so far as the Isle of Man
is concerned.— J. Harold Bailey, Port Erin, Isle of Man : August Wth, 1902.

Prionopyphon serricornis in Epping Forest.— On June 27th I had the good
fortune to take a specimen of this rare beetle in Epping Forest between High Beech
and Loughton, by sweeping in a damp place. I am informed by Mr. E. A. Newbery
that Mr. Lewcock took a specimen in the same locality many years ago. — E. A.
Butler, 53, Tollington Park, N. : August, 1902.

Clonus luctuoxus, Bohem., at Tenerife. — Among a number of beetles lately
received from Tenerife were four specimens of this rather handsome little insect ;
it is not recorded by Wollaston, and there does not appear to be a specimen in the
British Museum. Boheman's type was from Tenerife, and contained in Chevrolet's
collection. Can any one give me any information as to recent captures ? — E. A.
Elliott, 41, Holland Park, W. : June 4th, 1902.

Lycrena Avion, Sfc., in Cornwall. — I am glad to be able to report that notwith-
standing the burning of heath and gorse, and the enclosure and cultivation of many
acres of wild land, where it was formerly common, this species appears to be as
plentiful in some localities as it was in 1893 and 1896. It was satisfactorj to find
it in two or three new localities, in one of which I had "turned out" many females
in 1896.

The range of the species is so extensive, and some of its haunts are so in-
accessible, both for the farmer and the collector, that there does not appear to be
any possibility of its extermination, although in some of its localities it must become
rarer from the burning and cultivation of waste ground and from over collecting.

Amongst other species occurring in the same district may be mentioned —
Leucophasia sinapis, Arge Galathea, Satyrus Semele, Argynnis Aglaia and A.
Selene, Sesia philanthiformis, Leucania littoralis, and Agrotis ripre. — H. Goss,
Housel Bay Hotel, The Lizard, Cornwall : July, 1902.

Note on Leucania fan color ; Barrt. — This species, which I have not seen for
several seasons, has, I am glad to say, put in an appearance again this year. Three
were taken on July 4th, two at sugar and one flying to my lantern ; these are remark-
ably fine typical examples, and could nover be mistaken for anything else. Two more
were taken on July 22nd on flowers of marram grass ; they also are good specimens,
although not quite so fine as those taken on the 4th. All these are males. I
visited the locality several times between the dates mentioned, as I was anxious to
obtain a female that I might try for eggs, but only saw one more, and tins was too
quick for me and flew off the sugar when I tried to box it. It is easily recognised,
as it sits with its wings slightly raised, whereas pallens closes them tight and is

1902.] 221

much more quiet. Favicolor is evidently a shy insect, and I nearly lost one of
those captured on the 4th, as it fluttered off the sugared post into some long grass
where I had some difficulty in finding it. — Gervase F. Mathew, Dovercourt :
August l£th, 1902.

Lepidoptera in the New Forest in June, 1902. — Included among many others
were. Tanessa polychloros, larvae on sallow ; ISphinx ligustri, Choerocaiupa elpenor,
Macroglossa fuciformis, and M. bomby/iformis, Sesia forrnicceformin, Lnnacodes
test udo, Nola eucullatella, N. strigula, larvae not uncommon, Lithosia mesomella,
L. aureola, L. quadra, L. riibricollis, Euthemonia russula, Halias prasinana, Che-
Ionia villica, Liparis monacha, Peecilocampa populi, E/lopia fasciaria, Amphydasis
prodromaria, Cleora glabraria, C. lichenaria, Boarmia roboraria , just getting out
as we came away, B. consortaria, a few worn, and evidently almost over, Tephrosia
extersaria, not uncommon ; Ephyra punctaria, E. omicronaria, and others of the
genus ; Acidalia trigeminata, one of the commonest Geometers, the specimens large
and in fine condition, and came more freely to sugar than any Noctua did ! Corycia
temerata and C. taminata, both common ; Macaria alternata, a few at Matley Bog
among alder ; Scodiona belgiaria, the form much paler than the West Yorkshire
moth ; Aspilates strigillaria, plentiful ; Eupithecia reciangulata, and others of
the genus ; Collix sparsata, we were a little surprised to find this a New Forest
moth ; Diloba cceruleocephala, Thyatira batis, Ci/matophora ridens,\&r\ve, common ;
Diphthera Orion, a few at sugar; Dipterygia pinastri, Rusina tenebrosa, Era*tria
fuscula, common ; Trachea piniperda, larvae, common ; Taniocampa miniosa, lai'vae,
common ; Aplecta herbida and ^4. nebulosa, Hydrelia unca, Matley Bog ; Catocala
promissa and C. sponsa, larvae; Botys pandalis, Cryptob/abes bistriga, Crambus
sylvellus, common, &c. The fine stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) was very much in
evidence all around Broekenhurst — one evening I picked up eleven in a few
minutes ; and Hymenoptera were well represented in the fine hornets which came
freely to the sugared trees during the daytime, and up to almost dark. — G-eo. T.
Porritt, Crosland Hall, Huddersfield : August \Mh, 1902.

The British Museum Collection of British Lepidoptera. — The donations up to
date have been as follows : — some living larva? from Mr. Smallpiece of Ringwood,
Hants ; a pair of Lycana minima, var. alsoides, from Mr. Piffard : these were
taken on the coast near Lymington, Hants ; a living pupa in cocoon, and three
cocoons, from which the moths had emerged, of Plusia moneta, from Mr. Small-
man. In addition to the above, Mr. Ed. H. Thornhill, Boxworth, Cambridge, has
promised some larvae, and the Bev. Joseph Greene will send a large collection of
preserved pupae. — G. F. Hampson, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell
Road, S.W. : August lbth, 1902.

The white variety of Dianthcecia carpophaga. — At the end of last May I
obtained three specimens of the chalky-white variety of this insect, one being
without the hind-marginal markings. They were taken on the sandhills on the
Kentish Coast, and were all at rest on blades of marram grass, having presumably
recently emerged. — Percy C. Reid, Feering Bury, Kelvedon : July, 1902.

222 [September,

The habits of Nyssia lapponaria. — My friend Dr. McCallum, J. P., of Kinloch
Rannoeh, has this year had the probably unique experience of capturing this insect
in its wild imaginal state. It is excessively local, being found, for instance, on a
spot of about an acre in extent, and limited entirely to that area, although the
surrounding moorland may be of exactly the same type and character. It appa-
rently flies but little (by day at all events), as only one specimen was seen on the
wing. Its usual habit is to sit on the heather, where it will remain in cop. for
hours together. Generally it is found on the bell heather (Erica), though some-
times on the common ling, and occasionally on a birch tree. The female lays her
eggs by inserting her ovipositor into the dead flower tubes of the bell heather,
which she fills with eggs, or into the crevices of the bark of the birch tree. The
eggs hatch towards the end of May, and the larvae are full fed about the end of
July.— Id.

Luperina testacea, Hb., at treacle. — Of the habits of Luperiua testacea, Mr.
C. G-. Barrett, in Brit. Lep., iv, 337, writes as follows : — " At dusk it flies swiftly
about fields, lanes, and grassy places generally, but is never found at sugar, nor
known to feed at flowers or any kind of sweets." Since it is " the exception " that
" proves the rule," it may be of interest to put on record two or three exceptions
to the latter part of Mr. Barrett's statement that have recently come under my
personal observation. During the last two years, while "sugaring" on the South
Devon coast in August and September, I have not unfrequently found specimens of
L. testacea sitting rather near the treacle patches, but taking no notice of them.
In these cases, no doubt, the moths happen by chance to have crawled up on to
what seemed to them to be convenient resting places. The same excuse, however,
cannot be made for all the individuals noticed under more suspicious circumstances,
for on September 2nd, 1900, 1 saw and watched, with much interest, a male and a
female, and on September 6th, 1901, another female, which were all three engaged
in eagerly sucking up the treacle through their outstretched tongues. How far they
had been attracted to the spot by the sweets it is impossible to say, but the above
instances clearly prove, at any rate, that if the sweets happen to come in their way
they are, if so inclined, fully capable of enjoying them. The powerful attraction
that artificial light has for L. testacea, more especially for the males, is probably
well known : the females are in general very lethargic, merely crawling out of their
hiding places at night, and sitting quietly about on grass stems, posts, &c, though
under favourable conditions of weather I have before now taken them at electric
light in a first floor room. — Eustace R. Bankes, Norden, Corfe Castle : July IQth,
1902.

Captures of Lepidoptera in Wilts. — Although the wet and cold spring greatly
retarded the appearance of some species (in some instances by as much as from
thirty to forty days), I do not find that there is any scarcity of Lepidoptera this
season, when proper search is made for them. Amongst recent captures in this
district were the following local species, some indicating an extension of the known
geographical range.

Senta maritima. — In a marsh on the Kennet near Chilton Foliat I took a fresh

1902.] 223

specimen by searching at the base of the reeds. From a pupa found lying on the
mud at the same time I bred Leucania impudent. In this same marsh L.straminea
is common, and this year Mr. R. M. Maxwell lias met with L. obsoleta there.

Plusia moneta. — The spread of this insect into our district has been plainly
traceable. In 1896 an example was taken in the neighbouring valley of Pewsey,
but the species was not observed here until 1899 ; since then it has been taken each
year, and this summer larva? were found and reared.

Nepticula filipendulce. — In the marsh above-mentioned I captured a specimen
which I refer to this species from amongst Spircea ulmaria, on which I imagine it
fed. I also took there Nepticula apicella, but I believe Populus tremula is absent
from the locality, though P. nigra occurs.

Nepticula cryptella. — I swept this up from a bank near All Cannings, in the
Devizes district.

Raslerstammia Erxlebella. — I have long been on the look out for this species ;
this year a specimen was taken near Bedwyn by H. W. Daltry, one of the College
collectors. — E. Meyeick, Elmswood, Marlborough : July 20th, 1902.

Ceropales variegatus, Fab., at Woking. — I was very pleased to meet yesterday
with a beautiful female of this rare Aculeate (the first specimen of it I ever took in
England), quite near to my own house. It occurred on the wild carrot, in a large
field where I have made other good captures (Calicurgus hyalinatus, Prosopis
cornuta and dilatata,&c), but which, I regret to say, is rapidly being swallowed up
by villa-building. Just now it is an ideal collecting ground ; but I fear that, in
that respect, its days are numbered. — F. D. Morice, Woking: August 6th, 1902.

Hymenoptera near Hayward's Heath, Sussex. — During a visit at the end of
July last to friends residing temporarily in the above neighbourhood, I made one or
two brief excursions — rather at random, as I did not know the district at all — in
search of Hymenoptera. None of these expeditions lasted much over an hour or
so, and the weather was generally rather dull and cold ; yet I came across several
species which seem worth recording, and I imagine that under more favourable
conditions the locality would repay a longer and more serious exploration.

The following were among my captures -. — Odynerus leevipes, Shuck., $ ; Pro-
sopis cornuta, Smith, $ $ , dilatata, Kirb., <? $ ; Sphecodes longulus, v. Hag., ? ;
Halictus pauxillus, Schenck, $ ; Osmia leucomelana, Kirb., ? ; Anthidium mani-
catum, Linn., $ . I took also a $ of Prosopis brevicornis, Nyl., with a very oddly
coloured clypeus, black on one side and white on the other, but with its other
characters (including the armature) those, as far as I could see, of a normal male.

Afterwards, cycling home to Woking, I met with H. pauxillus again, a mile or
two north-west of Horsham ; and also, at the same spot, with both sexes of Ha-
lictus lavigatus, Kirb. — Id.

Wasps in Ireland and Berkshire : a specific comparison. — Messrs. Barrington
and Moffat published last year in the Irish Naturalist (vol. x, October, p. 197,
et sqq.) an interesting account of the queen wasps killed at Fassaroe during the

T 2

224 [September, 1902.

years 1893 to 1901, giving a table showing the number of specimens of each species,
and the proportion this number bore to the total number killed.

Another correspondent, Mr. Eobert T. Pritchett, has for the last two years sent
me the queen wasps killed in his neighbourhood (Burghfield and Sulhampstead,
near Reading) in response to an offer of a prize for the greatest number killed.
The proportions in which the various species occur in the Berkshire locality are
so different to those in the Irish that I think a comparison of them may be of
interest.

Of the 1155 specimens from Fassaroe 5S8 were vulgaris, 207 sylvestris, 119
ritfa, 115 germanica, 109 norvegica, and 17 anstriaca.

Of the 334 from Burghfield, &c, 228 were germanica, 56 rufa, 45 vulgaris,
5 sylvestris (norvegica and austriaca not being represented).

The comparative percentages of the various species are accordingly —

vulgaris 50'9 at Fassaroe, 135 at Burghfield.

germanica ...... \0'0 ,, ,, 68"3 ,, ,,

rufa 10-3 „ „ 16'7 „

sylvestris 17*9 ,, ,, 1*5 ,, ,,

norvegica 9'4 ,, ,, 0*0 ,, ,,

austriaca 1*5 ., ,, O'O ,, ,,

showing an extraordinary preponderance of vulgaris in the Irish locality, and of
germanica in the English ; sylvestris also has a much higher percentage at Fassaroe.
It would be of great interest to get data on this subject from other places, and
I should be grateful to any one who offers rewards for queen wasps if he would
send me the specimens collected, so that the proportions of the species in the
locality can be determined. — Edward Saunders, St. Ann's, Woking : August
8th, 1902.

P.S. — Since writing the above, Mr. Dennis Pack Beresford, of Bagenalstown,
has kindly sent me the particulars of the queen wasps captured by him this spring
during a stay in Northamptonshire. These are very similar in proportions to the
Berkshire records, viz., germanica, 44, vulgaris, 3, rufa, 3, sylvestris, 6, but ger-
manica is even in larger preponderance. — E. S.

A melanic aberration of Miris Icevigatus, L. — On August 25th, 1901, I cap-
tured by sweeping in some waste ground at Bickley, Kent, a dark Capsid possessing
the shape of a Miris, which Mr. Saunders, to whom I submitted the specimen, at
first thought might possibly be something new to our list ; he, however, has been
unable to refer it to any other species than 31. lavigatus. The specimen, neverthe-
less, seems worth recording, as it is so very different in coloration to ordinary
specimens of any of the species of 3Iiris or Megalocercea ; it has the head, thorax,
and scutellum, the elytra down to the base of the membrane, the two lower joints
of the antenna?, together with the legs, dull black, while the apical portions of the
elytra, and the 3rd and 4th joints of the antennae, are brownish, the membrane
smoky-brown. I do not know of any previous record of a similarly coloured speci-
men in either of the genera mentioned. — F. B. Jennings, 152, Silver Street, Upper
Edmonton, N. : August 14>th, 1902.

[Ent. Month. Mag., 1902, PL IV.

NEW BRITISH FLEAS.

October, 1902.] 225

NEW BRITISH FLEAS (Plate IV).
BY THE HON. N. CHARLES ROTHSCHILD, B.A., E.L.S.

Ceratophyllus Garei, sp. nov., PI. iv, figs. 1—3.

Closely allied to C. galtince, Schrank, from which species it can be easily dis-
tinguished by the form of the eighth sternite in the J (fig. 2), and by that of the
seventh sternite in the V (fig. 3). The prothoracic comb consists of twenty-sis teeth.

Length, 2"5 mm.

TeD specimens of this species were secured from, the nest of a
waterhen (Gall inula chloropus) in July last near Tring. The late
Mr. E. C. Rye* mentions a Ilea as occurring on the waterhen, but we
have failed to find any description of it. The present species is
named in honour of Mr. George Gare, of Wembdon, Bridgwater,
who has done much to further the knowledge of the fleas parasitic
on birds.

Ceratophyllus Walkeri, sp. nov., PI. iv, figs. 4, 5, 7.

Closely allied to G. lagomys, Wagner, a non- British species, under
which name it was recorded on our identification in Verrall's list of
British Diptera (last edition). Since the publication of that work,
however, we have received typical examples of C. lagomys from Dr.
Wagner, and are now able to decide that the present species is
abundantly distinct. The type specimen of the present species was
forwarded to us by Mr. J. J. Walker, who found it in a deserted
mouse nest in March, 1898, at Chattenden in Kent. We have, how-
ever, received subsequently other specimens from Mustela erminea
and M. vulgaris (Tring), iSorex vulgaris (Bevandean, Sussex), Microtus
glareolus (Tring and Ouudle), Microtus amphibius (Tring), and
"Hedge clippings" (Chesham).

C. Walkeri is a very dark species, measuring 3 mm. in length. The prothoracic
comb consists of eighteen teeth. The ninth tergite of the $ is drawn in fig. 4.
The eighth tergite of the $ is shown in fig. 5, and is readily distinguished from that
of C. lagomys, Wagner, fig. 6 inserted for comparison. The seventh sternite of the
¥ (fig. 7) is deeply sinuate, somewhat resembling that of C. Newsteadi.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE IV.

Fig. 1 — Ceratophyllus Garei <J 9th tergite.

„ 2 — „ „ <? 8th sternite.

,, 3- „ „ ? 7th

„ 4— Ceratophyllus Walkeri £ 9th tergite.

„ 5 — ,, „ <J Hth sternite.

„ 6 — Ceratophyllus lagomys $ .8th „

„ 7 — Ceratophyllus Walkeri ? 7th „

Tring Park, Tring : September, 1902.

* Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th edition, vol. ix, p. 301, 1879.

226 [October,

NOTE UPON MASICERA VIRILIS, Rdi.
BY C J. WAlNWltlGHT, F.E.S.

In the Ent. Mo. Mag. for May, 1902, pp. 108—9, is a double
reference to this species. In the first place, Mr. C W. Dale enquires
why it was omitted from Mr. G. H. Verrall's recent list of British
Diptera ■ and in the second place, Mr. Verrall replies that he omitted
it because he had no idea what species Meade intended by the name.
It will perhaps be instructive if I record what I know with regard
to it, as everything which assists in clearing up the tangle existing in
the nomenclature, &c, of the Tachinidce is a gain, and, moreover, it
will perhaps serve as a warning of the necessity for the extremest
caution iu dealing with records of species in this family wherever
they may occur.

In 1898 I found in the New Forest, occurring in considerable
numbers with Aporomyia dubia, Fin., and Bothria vcesifrons, Mcq., a
species which I could make nothing of. As I utterly failed to run it
down to anything 1 then knew, 1 sent a series on to Dr. Meade, with
other Tachinidce, for his opinion. He returned them to me as De-
geeria ornata, Meig., retaining a pair for himself. I saw at once that
they were not ornata, Meig., and, moreover, that he had added to the
series under the same name three specimens of a distinct species
which 1 had also sent him, which is a true Degceria, and might have
been ornata. I therefore wrote to him at once pointing out that he
had mixed up two species, and that though the three specimens might
be D. ornata, Mg., the remainder certainly could not be, and I sug-
gested that perhaps if they belonged to the genus Degceria -they might
be what he called in his Synopsis Degeeria muscaria, Fin. He replied
that he had re-examined the specimens he had retained, and that I
was quite right, they were muscaria.

At this time I did not possess Brauer and von Bergenstamm's
work, and other necessary books, so that I could test the matter no
further, and they went into my collection as muscaria, and many were
distributed under that name. In 1899 I found it equally abundant
at West Hide, in Herefordshire, and have no doubt that it is a com-
mon British species.

Recently, Dr. J. H. Wood, of Tarrington, near Hereford, sent
me some specimens from his district, including some which he called
Masicera virilis, Rdi., and lohich he said had been so named for him hi/
Dr. Meade. 1 immediately recognised my old friend the so-called D.

1902.] 227

muscaria, and as I had long since come to the conclusion that the
identification of the species was doubtful, I determined to work it
out thoroughly, and see what it really was. After much trouble I at
last ran it down to Geromasia Wulpii, H. and B.,and have little doubt
that it is that species, and that M. virilis, Rdi., is distinct, though
probably a near ally.

Mr. R. C. Bradley took some of the same species in the New
Forest when I did, in 1898, and also like myself sent some of them
to Dr. Meade for identification ; they were returned to him as M.
virilis, Rdi. At the same time he worked the species out himself,
using Meade's tables, and ran it down by them also to M. virilis. It
really seems probable, therefore, that this species which I believe to
be G. Wulpii, B. and B., is the one Meade knew and recorded as M.
virilis, though the fact that specimens of Wulpii were also called by
him on one occasion Degeeria muscaria, and even D. ornata, makes it
uncertain ; and, of course, M. virilis, Rdi., may also occur, and the
two species not have been distinguished from one another.

To make quite certain of my- own identification of the species, I
sent a pair on to Prof. Brauer for his confirmation. In Prof. Brauer's
absence Mr. S. Bischof examined them and returned them as " Gero-
masia Wulpii, B. and B., = n. g., or Vibrissina Wulpii, B. and B., =
sordidisquama, Ztt." This is not too definite, and one is not assisted
by the further information which Mr. Bischof gave me about another
specimen which belongs to an entirely different species, probably un-
described, which he labelled for me as " n. g., or Vibrissinai n. sp., or
Geromasia sordidisquama, Ztt." They cannot both be sordidisquama,
Ztt., so that even after going to head quarters the matter is not
settled.

It seems certain, however, at any rate, that the species under
discussion is the one B. and B. described as Geromasia Wulpii, B.
and B., even if that name should have to be sunk as a synonym of
sordidisquama, Zett., or something else, that species is a common
British one, and must come into our lists accordingly ; and that pro-
bably virilis, Meade, and possibly even muscaria, Meade, are synonyms,
so that Rondani's virilis, and Fallen's muscaria are neither of them
British, or at all events require further confirmation before we can
regard them as such.

2, Handsworth Wood Road,

Handsworth, Birmingham :
September, 1902.

228 [October,

ON A DISTINCTIVE CHARACTER OF THE IMAGOS OF THE SUB-
ORDERS OF DIPTERA: ORTHORRHAPHA BRACHYCERA and
CYCLORRHAPRA ATIIERICERA, INTRODUCED BY LATREILLE
(1825), BUT OVERLOOKED BY LATER AUTHORS.

BY C. R. OSTEN SACKEN, Ph.D., Hov. F.E.S.

Latreille (Families Naturelles, 1825, p. ISO) defines the mouth
parts of the Orthorr kapha Brachycera (a compound of his Fam. II,
Tany stoma, and Fam. Ill, Notacantlut) as follows: —

" 1. — lei, le sucoir et les palpes sont inseres tres pros de l'origine
de la trompe, a l'entree de la cavite buccale ; cette tromj)e, ou du
moins les levres, forment ordinairement une saillie hors de la cavite."

The corresponding passage, concerning the Cyclorrhapha Atheri-
cera (Latredle's Fam. IV, Aiherieera) is found in the middle of p. 494,
aud runs as follows : —

" 2. — Dans les autres Dipteres, le sucoir et les palpes sont inseres
a une distance notable de la cavite buccale, pres du coucle de la trompe,
qui est entitlement retiree dans cette cavite, ou saillante, et en forme
de siphon, mais dont le sucoir n'est jamais alors compose que de deux
pieces."

The dipterologists of the second half of the XlXth century
have too much neglected the publications on Diptera of the great
Latreille. In my paper, " On the characters of the three divisions,"
etc. (Berl. Ent. Z., 1892) I have shown (on pp. 421 and 422) that
Loew, Brauer and other entomologists had considered the number of
the joints of the antenna as the only character separating the Nemo-
cera from the Brachycera ; they were quite prepared to give up these
Suborders when Rhachicerm, the multiarticulate genus of Brachycera,
was discovered, and when it was noticed at the same time that other
genera of Brachycera, as Xylophayus, Subula and Ccenomyia* also had
multiarticulate antenna?. Brauer especially was most emphatic in
this sense, lie said, " Mogen die Dipterologen, der Bequemlichkeit
wegen, auch heute noch von Nemoceren. und Brachyceren sprechen,
derlei naturUche Gruppen giebt es nicht, und man ist auch nicht im
kStaude natiirliche Charactere fiir sie aufzustellen " (Brauer, Zweifl.
d. K. Mus. Wien, iii, p. 9, 1883).

1 pointed out in my above quoted paper of 1892 (ou pp. 419-20)

* I am thoroughly convinced that Caenomyia, and not the commonly used form Coenomyia, is
the right spelling of this generic name. My reasons are : — 1". It is quite distinctly spelt Coenomyia
in Latreille's principal work, Genera, &c, 1809, vol. iv, p. 280; 2°. Its derivation from the Greek
Kaivos, new, extraordinary, is much more probable, and more appropriate to this very peculiar
Dipteron, than that of kolvo<;, common, ordinary. The mis-spelling Coenomyia, as it occurs every-
where, even in Latreille's other works (Precis, 17'JG ; Earn. Natur., 1825), is merely due to the
confusion of at and oe in print, easily overlooked by proof readers.

1902.] 229

that Latreille had founded his subdivision Newiocera not only on the
number of the joints of the antenna?, but also on that of the palpi.
Macquart adopted this same characterization when he proposed the
name BraeJ/t/cera for the rest of the Orthorrhapha (see / c. p. 420,
at top).

It is owing to the same neglect of the study of Latreille that the
dipterologists of the second half of the last century were never able
to discover a satisfactory distinctive character for separating the
imagos of the Orthorrhapha Brachi/eera from those of the Ci/clorrhapha
Athericera, in spice of the fact that the contrast between their early
stages is self-evident and undoubted. This distinctive character had,
nevertheless, been indicated by Latreille in his " Families Naturelles "
of 1825 in the passages reproduced above by me, passages which
merely need development. My lack of skill in dissecting and drawing
prevented me from undertaking this task which requires both these
accomplishments.

Brauer, in the Introduction to his very ambitious new " System
of Diptera " (Zweifl. d. K. Mus.AVien, i, 18S0, p. ?., about the middle)
makes a vague allusion to these passages of Latreille, but he has not
understood how to profit by them. lie merely says, " Latreille, Fam.
Nat., 1825, hat auf die Bildung des Riissels und seiner Theile ein
besonderes Gewricht gelegt, doch miissen zu ausgedehnterer Verwer-
thung noch mehr Untersuchungen vorgenommen werden." Brauer,
a trained zoologist and skilful draughtsman (both of which I am not),
intent as he was on reforming the whole System of Diptera, should
have investigated the purport of these important passages of Latreille,
instead of recommending this investigation to others !

May this, my unpretending notice, call the attention of trained
entomologists to such an investigation, which is indispensable for a
satisfactory and final definition of the three Suborders of Diptera !

Heidelberg : August 2Gth, 1902.

ON THE VAKIATION AND HABITS OF LITHOSIA DEPLANA, Esp.
BY EUSTACE R. BANKF.S, M.A., F.E.S.

When treating of the variation shown by Lithosia deplana, Esp.,
Mr. C. (t. Barrett, in Lep. Brit. Isles, ii, p. 215, describes (under the
name helveola, Ocdis.) two forms of the female, of which the more
usual has the "general colour more slate-grey (/. e., than that of the
male), with a softening of yellowish ; hind-wings yellow-grey, hardly

230 [October,

greyer at the margins ; cilia paler," while the other is " wholly dark
grey, except a broad ochreous costal stripe to the fore-wings." I have
lately been fortunate in securing, in the Isle of Purbeck, a fine series
of L. deplana, and among the females are several examples of a fine
extreme variety, not referred to by Mr. Barrett, together with various
intermediate forms between it and the opposite extreme, which he
describes as " wholly dark grey, except a broad ochreous costal stripe
to the fore-wings." The variety in question has the fore-wings wholly
rich orange- buff, without any tinge of grey, and with the whole costal
margin, and the cilia, exactly concolorous with the rest of the wing,
while the hind-wings are pale orange-bnff tinged with grey, especially
near the inner margin, and have orange-buff cilia. In colour the fore-
wings closely resemble those of L. sororcnla, Hufn. (= aureola, Hb.),
but are not quite so brightly orange. Is this the form of the female
that Hiibuer figured (fig. 90) under the name ochreola ? I have not
his work at hand to refer to.

The male of L. deplana does not show nearly so wide a range of
variation as the female, though the ground colour varies considerably
from rich grey-drab in the darkest, to cream-buff, tinged with grey,
in the palest, individuals.

The imago, even when disturbed, is extremely sluggish by day,
when it may be beaten from the branches of pine, especially those of
Scotch fir (Pinus si/liiestris), and generally falls straight down, only
spreading its wings to assist it in alighting on the ground, where it
then sits motionless. On fine calm evenings the males begin to come
on the wing, in shady spots, about 15 or 20 minutes after sunset, and
continue flying till dark, and probably later : their flight is remarkably
swift and unsteady, surprisingly so for that of a Lithosia, and the
majority of those I have seen on the wing have been flying about the
tops of young fir trees, some 20-25 feet high, and quite out of reach.
So far as I am aware, I have only seen one female, which was flying
at about 8.30 p.m., on the wing." One pair was observed in cop. at
about 8.15 p.m. on July 21st: the female was clinging to a "needle"
of Scotch fir, head upwards, while the male was hanging, suspended
from her in mid air, head downwards. T have little doubt that they
had remained paired since the previous night, or very early morning,
for, when captured, it was rather too early and too light for them to
have begun pairing that same evening, since their flight time had
hardly arrived.

Norden, Corfe Castle :

August \Uh, 1902.

1902.] 231

NOTES ON THE LARViE OF EUPITEECIA DODONEATA.
BY GBRVASE P. MATHEW, Paymaster-in-Chief, Royal Navy, F.L.S., P.E.S.

On May 10th, 1891, and after, I took several Eupithecia dodoneata
at rest on some match-board palings surrounding private grounds in
this neighbourhood. It was a species I had not met with before, and
not being quite certain what they were I sent some of them to Mr.
Barrett, who kindly furnished me with their correct name, and advised
me to look for their larvae upon oak and whitethorn. However, there
was no oak (robur) growing in the grounds, and very little whitethorn ;
but there were some whitethorn hedges not far off, where I thought the
moths might have been bred. In the grounds there were the usual
ornamental shrubs, together with several fine old evergreen oak trees
(ilex), sycamores, poplars, spruce firs, ash, &c. In 1S95 the moths
did not appear until May 24th, and after, but I did not see as many
as in the previous year. In 1896 I did not see any. During 1897-8
I was abroad. In 1S99 I did not see one. In 1900 I took several,
the first on May 22nd. None were met with in 1901. This year I
noticed the first on May 30th. As the moths so far had only been
found on these particular palings, and were never seen on other
palings not far off and adjacent to the whitethorn hedges, I had
come to the conclusion that the larvae must feed on something else
besides oak and whitethorn, so I obtained permission to collect in the
private grounds, and on May 30th, the first day I saw one on the
outside palings, I took twenty-seven, a few on the palings inside, but
most on the ilex trees, and a few of them were already worn, showing
that they had been out for some time. Between this date and June
12th I took about a hundred, and could have obtained double the
number had I wished. Nearly all these were found on the ilex trees,
some of them sitting low down on the trunks, just emerged, with
their wings limp over their backs, and hardly grown, though the
greater number were usually high up on the branches, and had to be
taken in a net as they flew off. I had now no doubt, and had long
suspected that ilex was the food of the larvae in this particular
locality. Two or three of the worn females were enclosed in a glass
cylinder, with small twigs of ilex, whereon a number of eggs were
soon deposited among the clusters of flower buds. These at first
were of a pale straw colour, but changed to a bright orange in a day
or two, and hatched in about ten days. The larvae feed almost exclu-
sively upon the flower-buds and bloom, and when the latter wither

232 [October,

they continue to feed upon them in preference to the tender young
leaves. In confinement they occasionally nibbled the young leaves,
but did not appear to do so in a wild state.

On June 28th the ilex was well out in bloom, and I beat some of
the lower branches and obtained a few larvae, but as they were still
small I left them and tried again on July 9th and 12th, by which time
a large proportion of them had become full grown. When beating
such a shower of dead leaves, withered bloom and dust fell into the
umbrella, that it was difficult to see tbe larva?, and I bad to wait some
minutes until they began to move about, when they were more easily
detected. I fancy a great many larva? fall to the ground with the
withered flowers, and continue to feed up in that situation, for I
noticed them on several occasions amongst the fallen leaves, &c,
under trees I had not previously beaten.

These larva? varv excessively, and besides obtaining examples
similar to the three figured on plate cxxxv of Vol. viii of Buckler's
Larva? of British Butterflies and Moths, I took some of a uniform pale
lemon-yellow (something like var. ii of the Rev. Harpur Crewe), and
others of a clear umber-brown with scarcely a trace of any markings.

Mr. Crewe states that many of his larva? died when full-fed. I
did not notice any mortality among mine — some two hundred — they
appeared to be a very healthy lot, and all disappeared below ground
to change to pupa?, but whether they are easy to rear or not I shall
be better able to judge next }ear.

Tn addition to the larva? of E. dodoneata the beating stick brought
down a fair number of those of Hibernia progemmata, Tceniocampa
stabilis, and Cosmia trapezinn.

Dovercouvt : September \bth, 1902.

ON SOME PARASITES OF XYLOCOPA TENUISCAPA, Westw.
BY E. ERNEST GREEN, F.E.S., Government Entomologist, Ceylon.

On recently opening up a dead tree extensively tunnelled by
Xylocopa fmuiscapa, I found the galleries infested by numerous ex-
amples of the large red Meloid beetle, Cissites Debeyi, Fairm., in all
stages. It is said that in Europe beetles of this family deposit their
eggs on, or in, the ground, and that the young triungulin larva? attach
themselves to some passing bee by which they are introduced into the
nest where they undergo their remarkable hyper-metamorphosis. In

1902.]

233

the ease of C. Dcbeyi this procedure does not appear to be carried
out. I found masses of the eggs actually in the galleries of the bee,
all hatching out into the characteristic triungulins. The eggs were
deposited at the ends of the galleries, and each mass must have con-
tained several thousaud individuals. The full grown larva? of the beetle
excavate for themselves offshoots from the tunnels of the bee, of a
much smaller diameter and an inch or more in length, in which they
pupate. The fact that the young larva? are hatched inside the nest of
the bee, suggests that at least some of them may pass their whole larval
existence on the spot ; but they are produced in such vast numbers
that for most of them a migration must be necessary. They are
doubtless unconsciously transported to fresh colonies by the bees
themselves. I have frequently captured specimens of Xylocopa
bearing examples of the triungulins attached to their hairy legs. On
one occasion I found a single triungulin on the stamens of a large
blue Thunbergia, the blossoms of which are frequented by the Xylo-
copa. It is noticeable that the male bees are more constantly utilized
by the triungulins than the females.

The galleries of the bee were carefully searched for other stages
of the Acarid parasite, Qreenia Parkinsi, Oudmns. Half a dozen
full sized examples were found wandering in the galleries. These
very closely resembled the nymphs found in the remarkable abdominal
pouch of the female Xylocopa, but had a rather larger chitinous
dorsal plate. I have submitted specimens to Dr. Oudemans, the
author of the name of the parasite (" Tijdschr. d. Ned. Dierk.
Vereen" [2], Dl. vii, Afl., 3).

The nests were also infested by many
tiny mites, possibly an early stage of the
Qreenia.

I may mention that I have found
examples of Qreenia Parkinsi in similar
abdominal pouches, in the allied bee, J
Xylocopa bryorum, Fabr.

As, to the best of my belief, no
figure of the interesting abdominal pouch of Xylocopa has been pub-
lished, I append a sketch of a longitudino-vertical section through
the bee, which shows the bisected pouch at the. base of the abdomen,
just below the dorsum.

Peradeniya, Ceylon :

August, 1902.

234 [October,

A SECOND AFRICAN SPECIRS OF PSYCHOPSIS: PS. MARSHALLI,

McLach.

by robert mclachlan, f.r.s., &c.
Pstchopsis Marshalli, 11. sp.

£ . Body more or less fuscous in the dry insect (yellowish beneath), clothed
with long cinereous hairs mixed with blackish ; antennae brownish, usually nioi'e
yellowish towards the base ; head mixed with yellowish above, face yellow. Pro-
notum narrowed anteriorly, with four large yellow spots (of which the two hinder
are round and raised), and a yellow median line. Legs dingy yellowish ; tarsi
somewhat darker ; tibial spurs moderate. Abdomen sometimes yellowish above,
nioi'e so beneath : apical parts yellow, clothed with long concolorous hairs ; there is
a pair of large superior valves (or claspers), nearly contiguous at the base and
tbere somewhat swollen if viewed from above, convex externally and concave in-
ternally, the basal portion dilated but narrowing gradually to the semi-obtuse apex
which is incurved, on the lower edge is a dilatation or angulation which is often
brownish ; the infra-anal plate (or last ventral segment) is large and subquadrate,
slightly excised on its margin ; internally there are probably two plates, lying one
on the other, the upper longer and emarginate at its tip, and between them a
slender straight piceous spine (penis ?), but the definition is vague in dry examples.

Wings whitish-grey : in the anterior pair are dark grey spots and irrorations,
the larger spots almost blackish and arranged somewliat vaguely in 3-5 oblique
fasciae ; the apical edge narrowly blackish (caused by the short eilisc), interrupted
with pale ; the membrane with slight pinkish iridescence (common to both pairs) ;
neuration mostly pale, with dark interruptions, the gradate nervules nearly blackish,
a space on each side of the ultra-median vague fascia wholly pale ; hairs of the
neuration long, blackish, and erect ; costal margin abruptly dilated at its base, the
costal area with a line of gradate nervules, which is nearer the costa at its com-
mencement, but gradually becomes nearer the subcosta, costal nervules simply
furcate (rarely ending in three branches) ; two series of discal gradate nervules,
viz., the 1st and 3rd. Posterior wings without markings and with pale neuration,
but the edge is blackish and interrupted as in the anterior, sometimes forming
vague indications of costal and apical spots : gradate nervules in costal area variable,
sometimes absent or limited to one or two basal cellules, sometimes extending half-
way above the subcosta, and sometimes practically to the junction of the subcosta
and radius ; two series of discal gradate nervules, the 1st and 3rd.

Length of body, 10-13 mm. Expanse of wings, 33-39 mm.; length of
anterior wing, 16-19 mm.

Rah. : Salisbury, Mashonaland (G. A. K. Marshall, No. 11),
January and February, 1900, 7 examples, all ^; my collection.

I have much pleasure in naming this species after Mr. Guy A.
K. Marshall, F.E.S., who has done so much towards elucidating the
insect fauna of British Central South Africa, especially from a
philosophical standpoint, and to whom 1 am much indebted for a
fine collection of Neuroptera from that district. Ps. Marshalli in

19*2.] 235

point of size and markings bears some resemblance to the Australian
Ps. Meyrichi, McLach., and Ps. insolcns, McLacb. : as in the other
extra-Australian species the rounded subapical spot in the posterior
wings is wanting.

Tbe other African species, Ps. zebra, Brauer, is very different,
being almost without markings, save faint zebrate lines. It was
originally described from Kilimanjaro ; 1 have it now from Mashona-
land (Marshall), Uganda, and Teita (2500-3000 ft., Jackson). Kolbe
(Neurop. Deutsch-Ost-Afrikas, p. 34) records it from Zanzibar
{Fischer) and Delagoa Bay (Monteiro), the latter somewbat varying.
In all my examples of Ps. zebra I find only three rows of discal
gradate nervules (as recorded by Oerstiicker), which, according to the
plan indicated by me at p. 321, Ent. Mo. Mag., 1891, should be the
1st, 3rd and 4th. In Ps. zebra there is a minute black dot at the
junction of the subcosta and radius in both pairs of wings, but it is
scarcely an analogue of the large subapical spot in the posterior
wings of the Australian forms.

The described species of Psi/chopsis are now as follows :— -
Australia. — Ps. rnimica, Newm. ; c/egans, Griierin ; ccelivaga, Walk. ;

ivsolens, McLach ; Mei/ricki, McLach.
Asia. — Ps. birmana, McLach.
Africa.. — Ps. zebra, Brauer; Marshalli, McLach.

Lewisham, London :

August 11th, 1902.

A SMALL CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS A KNOWLEDGE OF THE
NEUROPTEROUS FAUNA OF EASTERN SOUTH DEVON.

BY ROBERT McLACHLAN, F.R.S., &c.

The tendency at the present day amongst British Entomologists
is towards minute localization, both in recording and labelling. In
former times very few took the trouble to place a locality label on
any insect. Some, as was the case with me, until recently (so far as
British Nenroptera, &c, were concerned), used a label with a No.
referring to entries in a register, a short-sighted proceeding, inasmuch
as the ultimate distributions of the insects and register are often in
different directions, or more frequently the collections are broken up,
and the register is practically useless. All this is happily changed :
an esteemed friend and colleague carries his recording to a minute-
ness of detail verging on that of a six-inch ordnance map ! This

236 [October,

change should continue, but many years must elapse before any broad
generalizations can be deduced from the mass of observations. Not
only must observers be more evenly spread over the land, but (as a
body) their special studies must also be less concentrated on one par-
ticular Order.

The present short paper enumerates the species of " Nenroptera "
(mostly Trichoptera and Planipenma) observed by me during a
fortnight's visit to what may broadly be termed the lower portion of
the valley of the Axe, from July 28th to August 10th, 1902. The
weather was unpropitious, only an aggregate day of sunshine in the
14 ! ; not much rain, but nearly constantly cold, and if the tempera-
ture did rise occasionally, the result was supersaturation of the
atmosphere from former heavy rain. To be more precise in locali-
zation, the district explored embraced a radius of about five miles
from Seaton Junction Station, flat in the river valley, but undulating
(up to GOO feet) beyond. In 1879 the late Mr. Parfitt, of Exeter,
published the Ncuroptera of Devon in the l> Transactions of the
Devonshire Association Adv. of Science " for that year, but I find
therein no allusion to the district worked by me, though the informa-
tion for the Exe valley, further west, is tolerably full. I have thought
it advisable to include fin square brackets) certain species taken from
time to time at Seaton and neighbourhood by the Rev. A. E. Eaton,
some of which have been already recorded in this Magazine. My list
might, perhaps, have been somewhat longer, had not so much of my
time been devoted to one particular species (cf. ante, pp. 212, 213).

TRICHOPTERA.

TiiMNOPHiLiUjK : — Limnophilus marrnoratus, Ct., the Axe at Whitford ; L.
auricula, Ct., beaten out of conifers in the Royal Peer Park at Shute ; L. sparsus,
Ct., near Colyton.

Sericostomatid^e : — Sericostoma pprso»nhim, Spence, along the Axe towards
Axminster, common ; and tributary to the Coly. Ooera pilosa, F., Whitford [Silo
pallipex, ¥., near Axmouth]. [Crunatcia irrorata, Ct., Axmouth and Seaton].
Lepidostoma hirtam, ¥., Whitford.

Hydp.optilidje : — Agraylea multipunctata, Ct., on the bridge at Whitford.
[Hydroplila Maclachlani, Klap., Axmouth and the Landslip. E.forcipata, Etn.,
Shute. Oxyethirafaicata, Mort., Ottery and Kilmington]. One or two species were
common near Whitford, but only females were brought home. Mr. Morton has kindly
given me the benefit of his good eyes by examining the materials in this Family.

LEPTOCERlDiE : — [Bertea pullata, Ct., Axmouth, abundant, and Bovey Common,
Seaton] ; B. maurus, Ct., at a " dribble " on high land west of Shute [Seaton and
Haven Cliff, Axmouth, abundant ; B. articularis, Pict., Haven Cliff near Axmouth,

1902.] 237

a few]. Odontocerum albicorne, Scop., tributaries to the Coly, not common. Mo-
lanna angustata, Ct., Wliitford. Leptocerus cinereus, Ct., abundant on the Axe,
also tributaries to the Coly, a form in which the only marking on the wings of the
£ is the arcular spot ; L. albifrons, L., Whitford and elsewhere on the Axe and
Yarty, common ; L. bilineatus. L., Whitford, one ; L. dissimilis, St., VVhitford,rare.
Mystacides azurea, L., Whitford and elsewhere, common. Tri anodes conspersa,
Rbr., on the Axe and mouth of the Yarty, common, cf. ante. pp. 212, 213. Adicella
reducta, McLach., at small streamlets near Seaton Junction and Whitford [Ax-
mouth]. Setodes interrupta, F., on the Axe near Whitford, one.

Hl'DUorSYCHlD^; : — Hydropsyche instabilis, Ct., one, precise locality uncertain ;
H. guttata, Pict., singly, on the Axe at Whitford, and the Coly ; H. lepida, Pict.,
very abundant at Whitford, also at streams tributary to the Axe and Coly. Di-
plectrona felix, McLach., near Dalwood, one [Brauscombe and the Landslip].
[Pleclrocnemia brew's, McLach., sandstone cliffs at Seaton, occasionally at the base
of the cliffs. Mr. Eaton caught two in my company, but I did not care to trust
myself on the face of the cliffs, where the insect frequents damp places caused
apparently by percolation of surface water, which is soaked up by the herbage ; a
more unlikely spot for a species of this genus it is difficult to imagine]. Polycen-
tropus flavomacnl atits, Pict., common at Whitford, also on tributaries to the Coly.
Tinodes wceneri, L., common at Whitford ; [Z7. aureola, Zett., Branscombe and near
Axmouth, singly ; T. unicolor, Pict., Haven Cliff near Axmouth, not common.]
Lype phreopa, St., near Whitford, one. Psychomyiu pusilla, F., common, but not
abundant, at Whitford.

RhyacophiliDjE : — Rhyacophila dorsatis, Ct., on the Axe at Whitford, and
Branscombe, singly. Agapetus fuscipes, Ct., generally common at small streamlets ;
A. comalus, Pict., common on the tributaries to the Coly.

PLANIPENNIA

PanorpiDjE : — Panorpa germanica, L., singly, over the district.

Hemekobiid^ : Hemerobius micans, Oliv., Shute churchyard ; II. luteseens,
F., near Colyton, one ; II. humuli, a few scattered over the district ; H. stigma, St.,
conifers in the Royal Deer Park at Shute ; H. atrifrons, McLach., same locality,
two examples ; [i/. concinnus, St., one in a spider's web at Seaton, the typical form ]

GHKYSOPID.3E : — Of the genus Chrysopa I brought back forty individuals, the
majority of those seen ; they were nearly all beaten from Fraxinus, and scattered
over the district. I find six species which sum up numerically as follows : — Ch.
ventralis, Ct., 3 ; Jiavifrons, Brauer, 24 ; tenella, Schnd., 7 ; alba, L., 1 ; jlava,
Scop., 2 ; vulgaris, Schnd., 3.

CONIOPTERYGID.& : — Coniopteryx aleyrodiformis, St., and psociformis, Ct.,
Seaton.

PSEUDO-NEUROPTERA.

The few Ephemeuid.e and Peelid^: seen are not here enumerated.

PsociDiE : — These were not specially attended to, and the date was somewhat
too early ; Stenopsocus (Oraphopsociis) cruciatus, L., Seaton. Elipsocus (Meso-
psocusj unipunctatus, Mull., Seaton ; E. ll'estiooudii, McLach., Seaton, and from

238 [October,

conifers in the Royal Deer Park at Shute, tolerably common. [Ectopsocus Briggsi,
McLach., Seaton, in the house]. Clothilla pulsatoria, L., Seaton Junction, in the
hotel.

Odonata : — Sympetrum striolatum, Clip., Whitford, at overflow pools. JEsclma
cyanea, Mull., seen once or twice in lanes. Calopteryx Virgo, L., abundant on the
Axe, also on tributaries to the Coly. Platyctiemis pennipes, Pall., not rare on the
Axe. Ischnura elegans, V. d. L., a few at Whitford at overflow pools. Agrion
puella, L., a few at a weedy meadow pond near Shute. The scarcity of sunshine was
fatal to the appearance of dragon-flies on the wing ; the marshes towards the mouth
of the Axe, where not under tidal influence, should furnish several species.

Lewisham, London :

August 31st, 1902.

SILPHA ATRATA, L., VAR. SUBROTUNDATA, Steph., IN THE
ISLE OP MAN.

BY J. HAROLD BAILEY, M.B.

During the present year I have made special search for this form
in the neighbourhood of Port Erin, stimulated thereto by reading in
Mr. W. E. Sharp's paper on " Some Speculations on the Derivation of
our British Coleoptera " (Trans. Liverpool Biol. Soc, vol. xiii, 1899,
p. 1 70) that "even that peculiarly Irish form, Silpha subrotundata,
occurs in the Isle of Man." I have so far been successful in finding
between forty and fifty specimens. The first example was taken
under a stone on March 31st, and others were captured in April,
May, June, and July ; April producing the greatest number. All
except five occurred under stones, usually singly or in pairs, never
more than four specimens being taken under one stone. They were
found scattered over an area of ground three miles from one point
to the other. Stones by the sides of lanes on the level ground (30 to
50 feet above sea level) were the most productive ; a few occurred on
hilly ground, 300 to 400 feet high, at Bradda, Surby, and the Mull
Hills ; on the sea shore only three examples were taken. Those which
were found otherwise than under stones occurred as follows : — one
crawling up a stone wall, two crawling on the footpath in the day-
time, one similarly at dusk, and one after dark whilst searching with
a lantern.

On examining the series, the most interesting fact is that not
only do they correspond to the Irish form, subrotundata, Steph., but
they are all of the brown form of this variety.

Messrs. Johnson and Halbert, in their " List of the Beetles of
Ireland," p. G92, suggest that the type form Silpha atrata, L., is in
Ireland represented solely by the var. subrotundata, which is found

loos.] 239

there both in the black and brown forms. The same may possibly
hold good for the Isle of Man, with the further limitation that only
the brown form of subrotundata occurs. I have not met with an
example of the type form atrata nor its var. brunnea in this particular
district, nor in some other parts of the Island in which I have col-
lected slightly at various times.

Comparing the Manx specimens with a long series of the type
atrata and its var. brunnea, which I captured in company under loose
bark of a tree trunk by the Shropshire bank of the river Ceiriog, the
following points are worthy of notice. First, as regards size —
measuring in each case from apex of thorax to apex of elytra,
ignoring the head — the type atrata averages from II to 12 mm. in
length, a few smaller examples only 10 mm. The specimens of the
var. brunnea mostly measure 10 mm., a few 0 mm., and a few larger
specimens 12 mm. The length of my Manx subrotundata is as a rule
13 mm., some larger ones 14 mm., while three or four examples only
measure 10 mm. As regards shape they are almost invariably much
broader in proportion than the type atrata, the elytra being more
dilated in the middle of the margins, the distance between the outer
raised line and the elytral margin being distinctly wider than in the
type. As Messrs. Johnson and Halbert remark " the reflexed margin
of the elytra is strongly developed, and extends almost to the apex."
The thorax is less closely punctured in the middle of the disc ;
though in a few specimens this difference is not so well marked as in
the rest ; the base of the thorax appears broader, and its posterior
angles project further beyond the line of the elytral margins than in
the type.

My specimens confirm the same writers' statement that the sup-
posed difference in the length of the central raised line on the elytra is
not to be relied on as a distinction. Only in about 10 per cent, of the
specimens is the middle line the longest. As to the supposed occur-
rence of subrotundata in England, Messrs. Johnson and Halbert say
that there do not seem to be any satisfactory records. It may possibly
be that the few records really refer to occasional larger and broader
specimens of the type approaching the var. subrotundata, just as there
are occasional smaller and less broad specimens amongst the subro-
tundata- a partial reversion to the type form possibly. Certainly if
the true subrotundata occurred in England we should expect it to be
taken in some numbers, judging from its abundance in the localities
where it is found in Ireland and the Isle of Man.

The dillicult questions as to the derivation of subrotundata in
Ireland and the Isle of Man, and the absence there of the type form,
remain for future investigation and speculation.

Port Erin, Isle of Man :

September 8th, 1902.

240 (October,

On Otiorrhynchus tenebricosus and O. fuscipes. — In view of the uncertainty
which must attend any attempt to discriminate with accuracy between these two
species by means of the characters laid down for them in our English text books,
and the consequent liability to error in records of their distribution, it may be well
to draw attention to the fact that the males at least are readily distinguishable by
the following characters : —

Legs piceous or black ; last ventral segment with a transverse series of longitu-
dinal striae placed twice as closely at the sides as in the middle...

tenebricosus, Herbst.

Legs red, knees and tarsi black ; last ventral segment with the longitudinal
striae practically equidistant throughout the series fuscipes, Walt.

The differences in the relative proportions of the joints of the funiculus appear
to me too difficult of appreciation to be of much use for taxonomic purposes.

My acquaintance with O. tenebricosus, though sufficient for the present purpose,
is limited ; 1 only have it from the neighbourhood of Dover, where I took it com-
monly in April, 1876 ; 0. fuscipes is common here ; neither species so far as I know
occurs in Norfolk. Whether the name fuscipes, Walt., is correctly applied to the
insect mentioned above is not altogether clear. Many years ago there was much
discussion of this matter between E. C. Rye and F. Smith ; the former seeking to
show that the O. fuscipes of Walton was nothing but O. tenebricosus, the latter
maintaining that (J. fuscipes, Walt., was a distinct species, and the same as O.
fuscipes, 01. I am not, aware that the question has ever been satisfactorily settled,
but it is clear that we have two well-ascertained species, whatever may be their
correct names (cf. Rye, Ent. Mo. Mag., ii, pp. 181, 233; Ent. Ann., 1867, p. 120;
Smith, Ent. Mo. Mag., ii, p. 232).— J. Edwards, Colesborne, Cheltenham : Sep-
tember llth, 1902.

Bagous lutosus, Gyll., a British insect. — In looking through a useful resume
by Mr. Newbery, of what is known about the British species of this genus (Ent.
Rec, xiv, pp. 149 — 156, June, 1902), 1 found the above species excluded, apparently
on the ground that neither the author nor Mr. Champion had seen a British speci-
men possessing the characters proper to lutosus, Gyll. As I had included the latter
in my lists of Norfolk Coleoptera (Trans. Norfolk and Norwich Nat. Soc, v, p.
488; Victoria History of Norfolk, i, p. 134), 1 thought it well to re-examine my
material in order to make quite sure that I had not misinterpreted the descriptions
given in Cox's Handbook and Fowler's Col. Brit. Islands. 1 find that my single
example taken on Wrelham Heath, Norfolk, August 4th, 1890, exhibits the dis-
tinctive characters given for B. lutosus, Gyll., in the works named, and also by
Mr. Champion (Ent. Mo. Mag., xxxiv, pp. 52 — 54). The sudden narrowing and
subsequent production of the apical portion of the elytra is very evident and
characteristic. Moreover, by the kindness of Mr. Champion, 1 have been enabled
to compare my specimen with his Swedish example of B. lutosus, ex coll. Thomson
(believed to have come from Gyllenhal himself), and a specimen sent by Mr.
Walker from Besika Bay ; except that the sutural stria is not so conspicuously
deeper than the remainder, it agrees ad punctum with the former and very well with
the latter. Mr. Champion also sent me his specimen of what is known as the
large form of B. glabrirostris ; this insect is at least one half larger than normal

1902.] 241

B. glabrirostris, and, contrary to what I have observed in the many examples of
the latter which have come under my notice, the pale spot beyond the middle of
the third interstice is not continued across the third interstice.

It appears doubtful whether the British species of this genus are, even now,
thoroughly known ; I took at Ranworth on July 24th, 1890, a specimen with excavated
presternum, third tarsal joint nearly twice as wide as the second, and the antennse
inserted at. the middle of the rostrum, which otherwise resembles B. alismatis,
Marsh., so closely that it stood in my series of the latter for a long time ; but for
the widened third joint of the tarsi this specimen might, having regard to the
variability in facies exhibited by the species of this genus, pass muster as B.
tempestivus, Herbst. — Id. : July 3CWA, 1902.

Some water beetles of the Esher district. — As during the present year I have
had several opportunities of working the ponds of the Esher district, and have
turned up several unexpected species, a short account of my captures may be of
interest. Among the Ualiplidce nothing of importance was found, but Pelobius
tardus occurred plentifully in one or two places. Several Bidessus geminus were
taken out of a muddy pool, with a few Ceelambus iinpresso-punctalus, and one C.
conftuens and several C. versicolor were captured in a neighbouring pond. Ceelambus
incequalis was common.

The best species of Rydroporus taken were H. obscurus, umbrosus and tristis,
the last two being, I believe, common in Scotland. Agabus Sturmi and nebu/osus
occurred freely. Ilybius fuliginosus and ater were plentiful, and a few /. fenestrates
were taken ; but the best species of this genus was I. amescens, which was in some
abundance in two ponds. Cope/atus agilis and llhantus exoletus were common, and
two Rhantus bistriatus were secured. Colymbeles fuscus and Aci/ius sulcatus were
abundant, and in one small pond I was delighted to find a number of Hydaticus
seminiger ; sixteen specimens were captured with one net in about an hour.

This pond bears a close resemblance to those in which Mr. W. E. Sharpe takes
the insect, being thick and muddy without weed, and, as in Mr. Sharp's locality,
Copelatus agilis and Ceelambus impresso-punctatus occur with it. The species was
immature on September 6th. Dytiscus punctulatus and marginalis occurred in the
same pond, but D. circumjlexus was not found at all, although comparatively plen-
tiful in other localities near London. The common Oyrinus natator was abundant,
and in March a long series of G. minulus was taken ; they were swimming on
shallow water among sphagnum. The latter was not to be found this September,
although carefully searched for ; it has not, I believe, been previously recorded from
the south of England.— Stanley W. Kemp, SU, Oxford Gardens, Notting Hill, W. :
September l&th, 1902.

Leemostenus complanatus, Dej., a British insect.— Mr. Champion's surmise in
the note on this insect in the last issue of this Magazine (p. 210) that it would
probably be found mixed with P. terricola in British collections proves correct in
my case. I at once carefully re-examined the supposed exponents of I', terricola
in my cabinet, and found of the eight that three were undoubtedly L. complanatus ;
these three were all taken together under bricks in a granary yard at Strood in
June, 1899. The differences between the two insects are quite striking, when

242 [October,

attention is drawn to them, and I am surprised I did not notice the fact when
putting away these three with the others. — T. Hudson Beare, 10, Regent Terrace,
Edinburgh : September 5th, 1902.

Coleuptera in a Berwickshire Moss. — Thanks to the kindness of my friend Mr.
J. E. Black, of Peebles, who conducted me to the spot, I had a day's collecting at
Gordon Moss on Saturday, July 5th. This Moss is evidently the remains of a much
more extensive one, but it has gradually been reclaimed and brought under culti-
vation, and now only a comparatively small remnant remains in its original
condition — an attempt to exploit it by a Moss Litter Company having ended in
financial failure.

The Moss contains numerous deop holes, descending far into the peat, and the
ground between is mostly covered with dwarf birch and sallows ; one has therefore
to exercise great care in working over it to avoid a sudden and abrupt ending to the
day's collecting. Though the results of the day's working was not as satisfactory
as the peculiar conditions of the spot promised, still I found some interesting
insects.

By beating the shrubs the following were obtained : — Elater halteatus, L.,
Sericosomus brunneus, L., Cwliodes rubicundus, Pk., Deporaus betu/ce, L., Rhynehites
uncinatus, Th., Authonomus romari, Crotch, Halyzia lS-ffidtafa, L., Crepidodera
smaragdina, Fond. General sweeping produced Limonius minutus, L., Corymbites
tessellatus, L., Luperus fiavipes, L., Hydrothassa marginella, L., Adimonia suturalis,
Th., Microcara livida, P., Cyphvn nitidulns, Th., C. coarctatus, lJk., Ceuthorrhyn-
chus ericw, Gryll., Ceuthorrhynchidius versicolor, Bris., Gymnetron beccabungce, L.,
Phytobius i-luberculalus, P., Anthobiuni minutum, P., Hydroporus memnonius, Nic.,
and Rhinosimus viridipennis, Steph. ; curiously enough though I have never taken
this latter insect in its usual habitat this is the second time I have swept it up
recently in Scotland. Under the bark of a fallen Scots fir near the edge of the
Mobs, Rhizophagus dispar, Pk., Bolitochara ob/iqua, Er., and 1'hUeopora reptans,
Gr., were obtained, and a single specimen of Necrophorus mortuorum, P., was
knocked down as it flew across the bog.

Mr. Black, during a visit a few days before, beat Magdalinus carbonarius, L.,
off a birch tree, and lie has also taken Acilius canaliculatus, Nic, commonly out of
one of the peat-holes, accompanied by Dytiscus marginalis, L.,and D. puncfu/atus,
P. ; on the occasion of our visit water-nets had not been taken with us, but we
could see L). marginalis swimming about in one of the pools. — Id.

Metcecus paradoxus in a nest of J'espa vulgaris 30 feel from the ground. — The
small " anchor-faced " wasp, Vespa vulgaris, is very abundant this season. I had
a large nest brought me this week from the roof of a house 30 feet high, and sus-
pended under the tiles, a very unusual site. I was surprised to find Metwcus in it.
This tends to support the theory advanced by Ur. Chapman that the larva of the
parasite is taken into the nest by the wasps with the rotten wood for building. —
W. II. Tuck, Tostock : September hth, 1902.

Antenna/ movements in a decapitated Slug Beetle. — Some time ago the decapi-
tated head of a large male stag beetle (Lucanus cervus) was found by one of my

1902.] 243

sons on the top of a gate post at Wimbledon about 8 a.m. As it was a particularly
fine specimen he brought it up to me at Lloyd's. At the time I received it (about
11 a.m ) both of its antenna? wei'e waving about freely ; sufficiently so to be of
interest to many of my friends in the " room." Each antenna seemed to work
quite irrespectively of the other, and one would often be still while the other moved.
Their movements were not in any way rhythmical, the long basal joint of the an-
tenna would be extended and retracted, and quite as a separate movement the rest
of the joints would move to and fro from their fulcrum at the apex of the first
joint. The lamellar joints of the club would also move separately ; the apical joints
of the antennae- were very sensitive, and the antennas would retreat rapidly on their
being touched ; this condition went on without interruption till 3.40 p.m., when
I had to leave to catch a train. I put the head into a little flat cardboard pen bos,
packing it in with blotting paper in such a way as I thought would allow the an-
tenna? free play ; on opening the box, however, after I had got into the train I found
that one of the antenna? had got against the side of the box, and from that moment
it never moved again. The other, however, went on as before till about 4.30 p.m.,
when it began to droop, and would only recommence movement on its own account
on being touched ; at 5 p.m. all movement had practically ceased, and the organ on
being lifted fell back to its original position. An interesting point in this matter
was that from the time I received it all the other appendages of the head were
motionless, in fact, they were already rigorous, and sprang back at once to position
on being extended. The sensitiveness to touch of the apex of the antenna? existed
to the last observable free movements. There can be little doubt T think that reflex
muscular action alone would not account for the movement noticed, the nerve
centres could not have been dead, and the absence of movement in the other organs
would suggest that the antenna) have separate nerve centres from those which feed
the other cephalic appendages. — Edward Saunders, St. Ann's, Woking : June
23rd, 1902.

Lepidoptera in the Montreux district.— From May 26th to June 6th, 1902, I
was at Montreux, on the Lake of Geneva, and devoted part of my time to collecting
Rhopalocera. The district worked was that between the village of Blonny on the
north, and Aigle (about six miles up the Rhone Valley from the Lake) on the south.

Such species as Leucophasia sinapis, Euchloe card amines, Vanessa Io, Cceno-
nympha Pamphilus, Thecla ruhi, Lyccena Alms (minima), Syrichthus malva, and
Nisoniades Tages were met with almost everywhere ; while Nemeobius Lucina and
Hesperia sylvanus were common locally.

I saw about half a dozen Papilio Podalirius, but only one of those captured
was at all perfect. Aporia cratagi, $ s, were out in some force by June 5th. Colias
Hyale was to be seen fairly frequently, but I did not come across any Colias F.dusa,
except one var. Helice, taken at Blonay on May 31st, which is in first rate
condition.

Of the Fritillaries I took Argynnis Selene (one, worn), A. Dia (two, worn),
A. Euphrosyne, Melitcea auriuia, M. Athaliu, and M. Cinxia. The last four
species all in perfect condition.

The Vanessidce were a good deal in evidence, V. Io and V. cardui heading the

244 [October,

list in point of numbers. Of Y. Antiopa I took two, but they are far from perfect.
I noticed a good many more, but did not succeed in getting them. J', e-album was
frequently seen, but V. urtiece was almost absent. I noticed this last named species,
together with Euchloe eardamines, Lycama alsus, and Nisoniades Tages, flying at
an elevation of about 4000 feet on the base of the Rochers de Naye. There was a
good deal of snow even as low as this in May.

Erebia Medusa and Epinephele hyperanthus were on the wing in the vicinity
of Aigle, and in the same locality I took Pararge Algeria, P. Megtera, Polyommatus
dor His (one), and several Carlerocephalus paniscus.

At Les Avants I netted two Pararge Hiera, and obtained one more later at
Blonay.

As to the Lycmnidre. I think I am not far wrong in saying that L. Alsus
was quite the commonest butterfly seen. It swarmed round the puddles and
streamlets on the roads and paths, rising in a cloud as one passed by. L. Icarus
(Alexis) and L. Ac-is (semiargus) were plentiful, and good single examples of L.
argiohis and L. cyllarus were taken.

Turning to the Heterocera, several species were very common in the meadows
at Veytaux, and near Aigle, such as Enclidia glyphica, Emafuraa atomaria, and
Scoria dealbata (lineata). I also took in the same localities two Erastrla decep-
toria, several Strenia clathrata, and single examples of the following, Venilia
maculata, Minoa murinata, Emmelesia albulata, Tephrosia co?tsonaria,B.nA Cr ambus
■pratellus.

Near Aigle I found two Zygana trifolii, and on May 20th obtained Plusia
chrysitis, Eubolia plumbaria, Larentia viridaria, Eupisleria obliterata, and Hypsi-
petes impltiviata, by beating bushes bordering a very marshy meadow at Villeneuve.

I did not work at all for motbs after dark, as there was not to my knowledge
any favourable ground within reasonable distance of the hotel.

As regards the weather, I was fortunate in having it fine and hot, with the
exception of one day (June 3rd), when a severe storm accompanied by heavy rain
visited the district. The effect, as the storm passed over the lake, was very fine.
— Philip J. Baeraud, Bushey Heath, Herts : August, 1902.

A small form of Lyceena Corydon in Oxfordshire. — On August 13th, a dull,
sultry day, I visited a chalk pit near Watlington, Oxon., and was astonished to find
L. Corydon in the utmost profusion lying about in the grass. Their numbers were
in excess of my previous experience of any Lepidopterous insect whatever ; they
seemed unable or unwilling to fly, and when disturbed, merely fluttered feebly in
the grass, so that it was impossible to avoid treading on them, and we must un-
willingly have destroyed hundreds. What was even more astonishing was the
difference in their sizes. A considerable number were about the average bulk, but
the majority, both males and females, were extraordinarily undersized, measuring
from just under an inch to an inch and a quarter across the wings. Hardly any
other butterfly was seen, and the only moths in any force were Z. filipendula and
E. bipunctaria, the former, like the butterflies, refusing to fly, and clinging to the
grass and flowers of the Scabious. The next day being bright and fresh the insects

1902.] 245

were lively enough, and spread themselves freely over the neighbouring fields,
though their numbers in the original locality were still amazingly great.— C. T.
Cruttwell, Ewelme, Wallingford : August, 1902.

An alhinic variety of Cwnonympha Pamphilus, L. — A young friend, Mr. H. A.
Parsons, has just brought in for my inspection a variety of Coenonympha Pamphilus ,
L., which he had the good fortune to take in July last, near Studland, Dorset. In
it the whole upper surface of the fore- and hind-wings has its usual fulvous colour
replaced by creamy-white ; the usual discal dot and narrow marginal stripe re-
maining brown, though but faintly so ; the under-side of the fore-wings partakes of
the creamy-white tint. So complete a case of albinism is exceedingly rare in this
species. — Chas. GL Barrett, Tremont, Peckham Rye : September 3rd, 1902.

On the fight-time of Argyresthia Atmorielln, Bnks. — In a note published in
the Ent. Mo. Mag., Ser. 2, xii, 200 (1901), I mentioned that the only specimen of
Argyresthia Atmoriella that I had seen on the wing of its own accord was flying
briskly at 7.40 p.m. (i. e., about 40 minutes before sunset) on June 21st of last year.
I have not worked specially for the insect this season, and have only met with two
or three examples of it, but one of these, a rather worn female, was netted while
flying backwards and forwards close to a branch of larch at 8.5 p.m. (i. e., about a
quarter of an hour after sunset), on July 28th. Tlie moth was obviously indulging
in a voluntary flight, which was of such an oscillating character that I have little
doubt that the insect was intent on finding a suitable place for ovipositing on the
branch to which its attention was directed. In view of the particularly sluggish
nature of the species, these two instances seem sufficient to prove that its natural
flight-time is from rather before to rather after sunset. July 28th is an exceptionally
late date for the insect to be still about : last year (after a cold late spring) I took
it from June 7th— 21st, but this season seems as prolific in record late appearances
as 1893 waB in record early ones. — Eustace R. Bankes, Norden, Corfe Castle :
August 8tk, 1902.

Psammotis pulvera/is, Hb., in the Isle of Purbeck. — In Ent. Mo. Mag., ser. 2,
x, 289, I chronicled the capture in 1899, by a young friend, of a worn specimen of
Psammotis puhwralis in this district, and it is highly satisfactory to be able to
record the fact that a few other examples have, in the course of this and last seasons,
been taken in the same spot (which is one of very restricted area), and that the
species, which is of such rare occurrence in Britain at the present time, is evidently
established there. Last year, at the end of July and beginning of August, a friend
and I, favoured by particularly fine and hot weather, secured between us eight
specimens (viz., seven males and one female), but this season, in spite of several
visits to the locality, the only specimen that has been seen is a male that I captured
on July 28th, and there seems now but little likelihood of others being met with.

The imago is easily disturbed from among the herbage, &c, at any time during
the day, and its flight is slow and weak : in size and habits it closely resembles
Ebulea crocealis, Hb., which occurs in the same spot, and at the same time, but

246 [October,

even if the much more brightly coloured wings of the latter are invisible, a glimpse
of its conspicuously white legs is at once sufficient to distinguish it from P.
pulveralis.

I was in great hopes of finding the larva this year, but repeated searches for it
in the spring and early summer were not rewarded with success. It appears to be
still unknown and undescribed except in its earlier stages, upon which some notes,
made from larva1 hatched in confinement, have been published in Buckler's " Larvae
of British Butterflies and Moths," ix, 149-151. The larva is reputed to feed in
nature on Mentha aquatica, and Mr. Buckler's young larvae throve for a short while
upon this plant, which he calls (I. c.) by the name " Mentha hirsuta," while Mr.
Porritt reports (I.e.) that the newly hatched larvae under his care took kindly to
"common garden mint." — Id.: August loth.

Occurrence of Noctua plecta, L., in April. — It may be of interest to record
the fact that on the night of April 16th, 1881, I captured at sallow bloom in this
neighbourhood a specimen of Noctua plecta ; it was a female in beautiful condition,
and had evidently only emerged quite recently. Unless my memory plays me
false, I have seen within the last few years, in one of t lie entomological magazines,
a notice of the capture, also at sallow bloom, of a specimen of N. plecta as early as
April, but am unable to find it: such an occurrence must be very exceptional. In
Entom., ix, 273, Mr. Cavringtori recorded the capture of N. plecta and other summer
Noctua- at sal/otv bloom near Rannoch, but the appearance of the moths was hardly
premature, since the date was June 17th ! — Id.

Albinic aberration of Catoptria ulicetana, Hw. — In Ent. Mo. Mag., ser. 2,
viii, 63 (1897), I recorded the capture by myself, on May 10th, 1892, of a remarkable
albinic aberration of Catoptria ulicetana on the Isle of Purbeck coast. Since that
nole was written I have come across, among some Micros waiting to be added to my
collection, a second example of this same aberration of C. ulicetana that I took on
the Isle of Purbeck coast, though not in the same spot as the first one, on May 12th,
1893. Its capture had escaped my memory when penning the note referred to
above, though it had been duly entered in my diary at the time. This specimen,
which is also a male, agrees very well with the description given (/. c) of the other,
except that, near the apex of the fore-wing, three or four cream-coloured costal
singula* can be traced. I refrain from suggesting a name for this striking aberra-
tion, not knowing as yet what degree of albinism is exhibited by var. conjunclana,
Moschl., which is briefly described in Staudinger and Rebel's " Catalog" (19(H) as
" multo dilutior, albescens." — Id.

Tamiocampa gracilis, var. rufescens, Ckll., in East Dorset. — This striking
variety (popularly known as the "New Forest red form") of Taniocampa gracilis
has been recorded from Hampshire, Kent and Perthshire (vide Brit. Noel, and their
Vars., p. 146), but I was quite unaware of its occurrence in Dorset until last April.
It gave me especial pleasure, therefore, to see, on April 18th, in the collection of
Mr. W. G. Hooker, of Bournemouth, a fine example of this variety, which had been
taken by himself a few years ago near Ham Preston, which lies in the portion of
East Dorset between Wimborne and the western boundary of Hampshire. — Id.

1902.] 247

Senta maritima (ulvce), Acidalia emutaria, and Agdintis Bennelti in East
Suffolk. — All three of these insects being somewhat local, a notice of their occur-
rence here this year might be of interest. The first specimen of Senta maritima
was secured on July loth, flying at early dusk along some reeds in a marsh ditch,
close to the banks of the river Deben. Further search on the two following evenings
afforded four more, and another was taken on July 25th ; I saw others but. failed to
get near them, owing to the swampy nature of the ground. Most of the examples
obtained were more or less worn, and worthless as cabinet specimens, and had to be
released ; evidently a fortnight earlier would have been a better time. The same
may be said of Acidalia emutaria, which I captured on the same dales. I was too
late to obtain the species in good condition, and of the several specimens netted 1
only kept three. Agdi.ttis Bennetti flew into my room on July 18th attracted by
the light, four specimens the same evening, two of these promptly destroyed them-
selves in the lamp, and the other two 1 boxed. There is an abundance of its food
plant (Statice limonium) on the saltings not far from my house. Senta maritima
seems to have a preference for fresh water rather than salt, at any rate, I discovered
its real home here is amongst some reeds standing in water, and bordering a fresh
water stream, with an alder earr hard by. Acidalia emutaria. on the other hand,
kept to the river side, and was confined to one small spot on the river wall where
there is plenty of marram grass. It was easy of capture, sitting on the stems of
the grasses at dusk in company with dozens of Acidalia dilutaria. — A. P. Waller,
Hemley Rectory, Woodbridge : August 30//*, 1902.

Eupithecia innotata at Aldeburgh.—On September 10th, 1900, when beating
mugwort for larvae of Cticuflia absinthii in the neighbourhood of Aldeburgh, I
obtained a few larva; of E. succenturiata and several of what I took to be E.
absinthiata, and the following June bred several of the latter and one of the rare
E. innotata. I do not remember having noticed any difference in the larva?, which
perhaps is excusable, as the larva? of E. absinthiata vary so much.— Gervase F.
Mathew, Dovcrcourt : September lbth, 1902.

Crambus fascelinellus at L) 'over -court. — On August 15th I took a fine example
of this local species on the sandhills near here. Mr. W. H. Harwood,of Colchester,
tells me that he took it here several years ago, but the capture was not recorded.
—Id.

Panchlora exoleta, Klug (Blattida:), imported into Scot land.— Foreign species
of Blattidce. have often been received as involuntary migrants in these islands, and
have sometimes obtained record m entomological publications. Mr. Robert Service
of Maxwelltown. Dumfries, recently forwarded me a specimen of a beautiful species,
Panchlora exoleta, Klug, which he found in a living condition among some bananas,
probably derived from the West Indies, from which large quantities of the fruit
are now being received in this country. The insect had died before its despatch
from Scotland, but Mr. Service remarked that with a little care it would no doubt
have lived in one of his warm horticultural houses.— W. L. Distant, Steine House,
South Norwood : September, 1902.

248 [October,

Additional localities for Limotettix stactogala, Am. — As a result of some
collecting in the Hastings district during August, I am able to supplement Mr.
Edwards' notice of Limotettix stactogala as a British insect, by recording some
additional localities for it. During the first week in August I noticed some large
tamarisk bushes forming the hedge of a cottage garden by the shore at Bopeep, St.
Leonards. On the first stroke of the beating stick a number of small green Ho-
mopterous larvae were revealed, which were unfamiliar, and seemed likely to be
those of the novelty of which I was in quest. The identity of the species was
presently set at rest by the discovery of a single imago of L. stactogala. Some ten
days after I found the species in the utmost profusion on a few tamarisk shrubs at
Bexhill, on a pathway in front of the town, leading down to the beach. These
bushes are the last lingering remnants of what was once an extensive hedge, formerly
connected, if my memory serves me, with a coast guard station which stood on the
spot when Bexhill was a village. Many of the bushes are already dead, and the
rest will probably soon follow. The insects here were much more advanced than
those I had found at Bopeep, and in a few minutes I was able to secure some thirty
or forty imagines, and could have had hundreds had 1 so wished, though there were
still large numbers in the larval condition. Later in the day I again found the
insect very plentiful on a tamarisk hedge around the gardens of coast guard cottages
some two miles west of Bexhill. During the last week in August 1 was at Pett, on
the other side of Hastings, between Winch elsea and Fairlight, there again the
hedges around the coast guard stations were abundantly furnished with the pretty
green Homopterou in two distinct localities. The insect thus occurs from Win-
chelsea in the east to Bexhill on the west, and there can be little doubt that it will
be found in other parts also where the food-plant is well established. Some years
ago the tamarisk was very generally used at Hastings for garden hedges, but the
old plants are being uprooted and replaced by Euonymus, and the coast guard
stations now remain therefore the chief localities for the shrub and its inhabitant.
Considering that where the food-plant is still left the insect is abundant, and re-
membering that not many years ago its opportunities of sustenance were much more
extended through the wider cultivation of its food, there seems a strong probability
that the insect was formerly even commoner than it is now. and it seems strange
that an attractive looking creature such as this, occurring so abundantly as it does
on the coast of East Sussex, should so long have escaped detection. The tamarisk
has evidently been neglected by entomologists. — E. A. Butler, 53, Tollington
Park, N. : September 3rd, 1902.

A few Trickoptera from Llanfairfechan. — Mr. E. Saunders, when staying at
Llanfairfechan, JN'orth Wales, in July last, took, casually, the following species: —
Limuophilus vittatus, F., L. centralis, Ct., L. sparsus, Ct., Goera pilosa, F., Silo
paldpes, ¥., Bercea mounts, Ct., Mystacides azurea, L., Adicella reducta, McL.,
Hydropsyche inslabilis, Ct., Philopotamus montanus, Don., and Agapelus fusci-
pes, Ct. — K. McLachlan, Lewisham, London : September 6th, 190^.

A dwarfed example of Chrysopa lenella, Schnd. — At Llanfairfechan Mr. Saun-
ders took a Chrysopa, the only example he saw. It proves to be Ch. tenella, but in

ioo2.] 249

a very dwarf condition, the wings expanding to only 17o mm. ; the upper portion
of the third cubital cellule in the anterior wings is very much reduced in size, and
the dividing nervule ends very slightly before the nervule above it in one of these
wings, and very slightly after in the other, the neuration is also otherwise asym-
metrical.— Id.

Recorded localities of British Ichneumons. — The British records of Ichneu-
monidj3 appear to be so extremely few and scanty that the variety and extent of
the literature which has given them birth is amazing ; and the poor monographist
is expected, not only to wade through and collate everything, but also to as far as
possible test its accuracy, or he is at once jumped upon by the critic. What I am
anxious to obtain is as complete a knowledge as possible of such Ichneumonid.e
(excluding Braconid.£) as have had their localities published ; and I here ask all
and sundry who do not grudge a post card to refer me to — or better, lend me a copy
of — any notice not included in the following list of works, all of which are known
to contain specified localities for instanced species : — Forster's* Nov. Spp. Insecto-
rum ; Donovan's Nat. Hist. Brit. Insects ; Kirby and ^pence's Introduction ; Curtis'
Brit. Ent. and Farm Insects; Gravenhorst's Ichn. Europ. ; Samouelle's Ent. Cabinet ;
Stephens' 111. Brit. Ent.; Encyclop. Brit.,* 1842, vol. ix ; Wesmael's Platyuri
Europ. ; Desvignes' Brit. Mus. Ichn. Cat. ; Newman's Moths ; Cameron's* Fauna
of Clyde (1876) ; Dale's* Lepid. of Dorset ; Berthoumieu's Ichn. d'Europ. ; and
the following periodicals :— Ann. Nat, Hist. (1839) ; Ann.* Scot. Nat. Hist, ; Ent.
Mo. Mag. ; Ent. Ann. (1874) ; Entom. ; Ent. Record ; Nat, Journal ; The Natu-
ralist (1854) ; Young Naturalist ; Trans. Ent. Soc. ; Proc* Berwick. Nat. Field
Club; Zoologist.* The only local lists I have heard of are :— Paget's Nat. Hist.
Gt. Yarmouth ; Walker's Isle of Man list (Entom., 1872-73, p. 432) ; Roebuck and
Bairstow's list for Yorkshire (Trans. Yorks. Nat. Union, 1877-80); Nat. Hist.
Hastings with three Suppl (1878-98) ; Marquand's list of the Land's End district
(Trans. Penzance Nat. Hist. Soc, 1884) ; Bridgman's Norfolk list (Trans. Norf.
Nat, Soc, 1894) ; Parfitt's* Devon list (Trans. Devon Assoc, 1881, p. 241 et seqq.) ;
Bignell's South Devon list (lib. cit., 1898) ; and Luff's Alderney List (Trans.
Guernsey Soc. Nat, Sc, 1899). Those bearing an asterisk I have not yet examined.
— Claude Morley, Ipswich : September \0th, 1902.

Field Notes on Stridulation. — In this Magazine, 1901, p. 166, I drew attention
to the fact that Geotrupes typhosus stridulates, at least in part, by the friction of
the abdomen upon the elytra; this fact I still maintain, having tested it upon the
living insect, although it is strange that the species should also possess stridulating
files upon the coxae, as shown by Mr. Gahan, and confirmed (v. v.) by the Rev.
H. S. Gorham.

It may be interesting to here note a few further observations, made entirely in
the field, upon the same subject, which appears to have been studied mainly
anatomically upon dried specimens. They have probably been noted before, but
Cox lias paid no, and Fowler little, attention to the subject.

Necrophorus mortuorum and Geotrupes sylvaticus stridulate by rubbing the
apical abdominal segments upon the elytra ; the coxae play no part, since, when
the elytra are both held open, the insect is incapable of emitting sound : when one

250 [October,

only is raised, the sound is thinner by half; and when the coxae are held down the
sound is not impaired. Geotrupes stercorarius, L., stridulates in a similar manner,
but much more feebly than G. sylvatievs.

Aromia moschata, Grammoptera ntjicornis, Strangalia armata, and probably
most of our indigenous Cerambycidie, stridulate by a vertical motion of the hind
margin of the thorax upon the base of the elytra. Mesosa nubila also stridulates,
though so weakly that I could only catch the sound on placing the insect close to
my ear — out of my range of vision.

Pelobius tardus raises such a " shout," as noted by Fowler, that one is at first
inclined to drop so uncanny an insect ; and I have been enabled to confirm Bedel's
observation on this head respecting Hydrobius oblongus, though I consider the
sound comparatively strong, especially when the beetle is just taken from the water.
Hydrous caraboides also stridulates distinctly, but in the last three species I have
not noticed the source of the sound.

Erirrhinus vorax and E. validirostris both stridulate loudly by rubbing the
apex of the abdomen vertically upon the elytra ; the latter moving the while no
other part of the body, though in the former the sound is often accompanied by
wavings of the rostrum, which appears to be a warning attitude, and, with so well-
developed an organ, is doubtless a fearsome sight.

Perhaps the most interesting instances of all are to be found in the $ $ of the
Mut ill idee. That of Mutilla europcea, as noted by Kirby and Spence, emits a
" sibilant chirping " ; this is caused by the friction of the abdominal segments upon
one another, and takes the form of two very distinct notes, of which one is produced
by the apical, and a deeper by the basal segments. That of Myrmosa melanocephala
always stridulates in like manner, though in only one note, feebly, seven times in
quick succession, and then pauses as though to take "breath."

The above are the only cases I can instance at the moment as having come
under my personal observation, though many more are awaiting investigation. In
the Carabidce, Staphylinidce, Chrysomelidce and Hemiptera, however, protective
odours appear to take the place of stridulation ; and attention has recently been
drawn to a possible stridulating organ in Anopheles maculipennis by Shipley and
Wilson (Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., 1902, p. 367).— In. : June, 1902.

Alerteur.s.

Proceedings of the South London Entomological and Natural His-
tory Society, for 1901. 8vo, pp. 76, with two plates. London : published at
the Society's Rooms, 1902.

This annual summary of the work done by this old and useful London
Society is thinner than its immediate predecessors, chiefly on account of only two
papers being printed in full. But the reports of the excursions and ordinary
meetings are extensive, and in some cases evidently embody the pith of more
lengthy papers. Much of interest is to be found in these Reports, and also in
the Report of the Council and the Treasurer's balance sheet. The Society is
flourishing, and now numbers 174 members, and the balance sheet shows careful
financial supervision ; that there is a small but progressive demand for its publi-
cations on the continent shows that it is recognised abroad as of importance. This

1902.] 251

is as it should be ; the fate of numerous local Societies both at home and abroad
is to be neglected, often solely because sufficient care is not taken by the executive
to show how their publications (if any) can be procured.

The brochure under notice has been very carefully edited, and the only sug-
gestion we have to make is that, in the index, " Mollusca " should not be intercalated
between " Lepidoptera " and " Keuroptera" and all in the same type, for no
apparent reason other than alphabetical convenience.

Oechaed and Bush-feuit Pests, and how to combat them : by Cecil
Waebfeton, M.A., F.Z.S., Zoologist to the Royal Agricultural Society of England.
Pp. 20, Svo, with twelve illustrations. London : John Murray, 1902.

This official pamphlet (published at the nominal price of sixpence) is intended
for distribution amongst British fruit growers, and should prove very useful by
giving in a few concise phrases the life-history of the most destructive insect pests
and allies, and the best means of prevention or cure. It is a marvel of brevity, and
in this respect differs much from the long and laborious reports published in the
United States and elsewhere : those familiar with both must decide as to which is
the more serviceable. It is popular to the degree of omitting all scientific names,
a practice of doubtful utility, because the same English name is often applied to
different things, but in most cases the species is figured, though sometimes not
in its perfect stage.

A List of the Beetles of Ieeland : by Rev. W. F. Johnson, M.A.,
F.E.S., and J. N. Halbeet. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 3rd Series,
vi, pp. 535-827 (1902).

This is the first general list of Irish Coleoptera that has been published. The
compilers have for a long time been working at the Irish beetles ; they have them-
selves collected a large number of species, and they have taken great pains to gather
together the records of the earlier collectors. The result is a really valuable list ;
it is true that only 1630 species are catalogued, or less than half the number recorded
from the British Isles, but the workers at the Irish Coleoptera have been few and
far between, and the only wonder is that so much has been accomplished.

There is a very interesting introduction, dealing with questions of distribution,
and the value of the work is much enhanced by the completeness of the references,
together with the careful bibliography and the clear index.

Three species are added to the British list, viz., Bembidium argenteolum, Ahr.,
and Stenus patpoms, Zett., from the shores of Lough Neagh, and Xanfholinus
cribripennis, Four., from three or four localities in Ulster; the last mentioned,
however, is perhaps not really different from the X. distans, Kr., of our collections.

Among other interesting species may be mentioned Carabus clathratus, L., and
Pelophila borealis, Payk., which seem to be much commoner in Ireland than else-
where in Britain, Dyschirins obscurus, Gyll., a very interesting re-discovery, Hy-
droporus obsoletns, Aube, Bides<ui minutissimus, Germ, (recently confirmed by Mr.
Halbert ; Mr. Wollaston doubted the record from the River Lee, Cork), Quedius
longicornh, Kr., Pyropterus affinis, Payk., Silis ruficollis, F. (taken abundantly by
sweeping herbage close to high water mark near Wexford), Strangalia aurulenta,
F., Otiorrhynchus auropunctatus, Gryll. (not recorded from England and Wales or

Y 2

252 [October, 1902.

Scotland), and Rhopalomesites Tardyi, Curt., which is locally abundant in wooded
districts throughout Ireland. Philonthus astutus, Er., is doubtfully included, but
the capture of two specimens of this species near Sandgate by the late Mr. A. C.
Horner, and one by Mr. J. H. Keys at Plymouth, makes the single Irish record
somewhat more probable ; several species which had been wrongly inserted in the
list (such as Elleschus scanicus, Payk., &c.) have been deleted, and in fact no pains
have been spared to make the list as complete and correct as possible. We believe
that much still remains to be done, and hope that it will not be long before the
compilers find it necessary to issue a supplement to their work. One new British
species, indeed, Lamostenus complanatus, Dej., has already been added. — W. W. F.

The South London Entomological and Natural History Society,
July 10th, 1902.— Mr. F. Noad Clark, President, in the Chair.

The President, in a few sympathetic words, referred to the sudden death of
Mr. Mark Winkley, an old Member, and until recently a regular attendant at both
ordinary and field Meetings.

Mr. South exhibited a few specimens of Melitrea aurinia, the only ones bred
from a large number of larvae, and referred to the failure as unaccountable. Mr.
West (Greenwich), the following Hemiptera, taken by Mr. Ashby at Deal during
the last week in May and the first week in June : — Podops inuncta, Sciocoris cur-
sitans, Rhyparochromus chiragra, R. prcetextatus, Trapezonotus agrestis, Macrodema
micropterum, and Plinthisus brevipennis. Mr. Ashby, several species of Coleoptera
he had taken on the Deal sandhills in June, including Zabrus gibbus, Saprinus
virescens, Jlelanotus punctolineatus, Chrysomela distinguenda, and Apion sedi. Mr.
Step read a short report of the Field Meeting at Ranmore Common on June 7th,
1902, and regretted the unfavourable weather which the nineteen who attended
had to endure.

July 24th, 1902.— The President in the Chair.

Mr. F. M. B. Carr exhibited twelve varieties and the male parent of Amphi-
dasys betularia, bred from ova deposited by a black female taken in cop. at Lee in
1901. Mr. Kemp, a series of Lannostenus complanatus, a species new to the British
list, nearly related to Pristonychus terricola, and taken by him near Dublin ; also
Carabua clathratus, Pelophila borea/is, Blethisa multipunctata, Chlanius nigricornis,
dark Pterostichus cupreus, Bemhidium bipunctatum, Caelambus qiiinqueliiieatus, C.
novemlineatus, Orectochilus villosus,aud Rhopalomesites Tardyi from Lough Neagh,
together with Bemhidium argenteolum, a recently added species also from Lough
Neagh ; likewise from near Dublin, Phytosus balticus, Diglossa mersa, yellow
Cereyon littoralis, Saprinus maritimus, Telephorus Darwinianus, Cillenus lateralis,
Polydrusus chrysomela, Hydroporus several species, Silpha atrata and var. sub-
rulundata, Hamonia appendiculata, Chrysomela Banksii, Barynotus Schonherri,
Meloe violaceus, and a series of the purely Irish Otiorrhynchus auropunctatus.
Also a series of the rare Lestes dryas from Hanwell, with L. sponsa for com-
parison.— Hy. J. Turner, Hon. Secretary.

November, 1902.] 253

DIASTICTUS VULNERATUS, Stcrh : AN ADDITION TO THE
BRITISH LIST.

BY E. A. NEWBEBY.

The above interesting addition to our list has been sent to tne by-
Mr. Claude Morley, who took it in Suffolk under circumstances which
I leave him to describe.

The following diagnosis of the genus is from Mulsant's Lamel-
Ucornes, 2nd Edition, 1871 : —

Thorax not ciliated at the sides, nor creased on the upper-side with transverse
furrows separated by raised interstices. Postpectus marked in front of the posterior
coxre with a triangular space limited by a raised line. Posterior tarsi with first
joint feebly triangular Diastictus, Muls.

The single species is thus characterized : —

Oboval, convex, black or black-brown, slightly shining above; thorax marked with
a spot of red-brown near the sides, rather coarsely and densely punctured, creased
with a furrow on the second half of its middle line, and with an impressed line
(raie)* or transverse furrow on the sides of its disp ; elytra sensibly arched on the
back, with furrows sulciform posteriorly, forming grooves, with interstices raised in
the form of ribs. Long., 2£ mm vulneratus, Sturm.

Mulsant states that it is found principally in the cold and tempe-
rate zones of France, and prefers dry and sandy places. " Eather
rare on the high ground in the environs of Lyons." It has rather a
wide distribution in Europe, and it is not surprising that it has been
found iu Britain.

The following table will assist in distinguishing the iusect from
the numerous small genera which come at the end of the Apho-
diidce, none of them comprising more than two British species,
JEgialia and Dimalia are usually excluded on account of their
mandibles not being entirely hidden by the hood. Although scienti-
fically correct, this is not a very obvious character, I have, therefore,
included them.
I. Thorax without transverse grooves.

A. Margins of thorax without a fringe of hairs or bristles.

a. Elytra with punctured strise and nearly flat interstices...

Ammiecius, Muls. (brew's, Er.).

a.a. Elytra with impunctate stria and ridge-like interstices...

Diastictus, Muls. {vulneratus, Sturm).
A.A. Basal and side margins of thorax fringed with conspicuous hairs.

b. Posterior tarsi with middle joints longer than broad ; apical spurs long
and slender Dimalia, Muls. (sabuleti, Pk.).

* This furrow is very superficial, and cannot be mistaken for those in Pleurophorv.s casus,
which is an elongate, subcylindrical insect, D. vulneratus being short, obovate.

A A

254 [November,

b.h. Posterior tarsi with middle joints not longer than broad ; apical spurs

short and thick ./Egialia, Lai,

(Thorax rugose, rufa, F. Thorax nearly smooth, arenaria, F.).
II. Thorax with transverse grooves and raised interstices.

B. Margins of thorax fringed with bristles ; thoracic grooves deep, four or
more in number.
c. Body parallel ; tarsal claws distinct...

Rhyssemus, Muls. (germanus, L.).
c*. Body enlarged behind ; tarsal claws very small...

PsAMMOBlUS, Heer.
(Thoracic furrows deeply and rugosely punctured, porcicollis,
111. Thoracic furrows shallowly punctured, comparatively
smooth, sulcicolUs, 111.).
B.B. Margins of thorax without bristles ; thoracic grooves shallow, two in
number , Pleurophorus, Muls. (casus, Pz).

It must be remarked that the characters in the table are only
intended to apply to the British species, which are placed in paren-
theses. Ammoecius is, perhaps, really an ApJwdius, as much as some
of the other genera which I have omitted, but its place is somewhat
uncertain. JD. vulneratus resembles Oxyomus sylvestris, Scop, (por-
catus, F.), superficially, but may be distinguished by its differently
shaped head, and above all by the longer of the two spurs of the
intermediate and posterior tibia? being much longer than the first
joint of the tarsi in D. vulneratus, much shorter in O. sylvestris ; the
form of the body is also different.

12, Churchill Road,

Dartmouth Park, N.W. :
September \Qth, 1902.

Supplementary note on Diastictus vulneratus, Sturm. — While bicycling from
Brandon to Elvedon in the morning of June 14th, 1902, Mr. E. A. Elliott and I
alighted to do a little collecting on the heath not far from Mayday Earm, about
three miles south of the former town. We did not search for more than five
minutes when a heavy shower put a stop to our efforts. These were not wasted,
however. Beneath small Hints lying conspicuously on the heather and grasses we
discovered Byrrhus murinus, Eab. (of. Ent. Mo. Mag., 1900, p. 288), Harpalus j/ici-
pennis, Duft, (cf. Ent. Mo. Mag., 1897, p. 9), Trachyplilueus aristatus, Gryll., a species
not before noticed in Suffolk, and a Coprid which was at first thought to be the rare
Psammohius casus, Pane., but which Mr. Newbery has been so good as to name
Diastictus vulneratus, Sturm. As to the locality, I can do no better than quote the
words of the Rev. William Kirby's " Journal of an Entomological Excursion into
the Isle of Ely " with Thomas Marsham, in 1797 : — "The country here affords few
or no objects to relieve the mind from the tedium which its bleakness and sterility
p»oduce in it. It may be denominated an ocean of sand, producing little besides

i902.j 255

nettles and brakes, with here and there an islet of firs; yet the substratum appears
to be chalk " (cf. Freeman's " Life of Eev. W. Kirby, M.A., &c.," p. 107, and "The
Coleoptera of Suffolk," p. 11). The formation of these heaths is post-glacial, con-
sisting of chalk, overlaid by plateaux of recent valley gravels ; and it is said to have
once constituted the bed of a tidal river, though now fifty miles from the sea. To
all but a naturalist the view, which has not altered during the past century, is still
desolate in the extreme ; barren sandy wastes of heath stretching for miles on
every hand. In the same vicinity, at Thetford Warren, I have taken the closely
allied Psammobius sulcicollis, Illig. (cf. " Coleoptera of Suffolk," p. 66, and Ent.
Ann., 1865, p. 40), also beneath stones ; and I am glad to have added another
species to our fauna, since the first (cf. Ent. Mo. Mag., 1898, p. 84 ; 1901, p. 64)
seems to have nearly or quite vacated its indigenous position. — Claude Morlky,
Ipswich : /September, 1902.

THE BRITISH SPECIES OF LEUCTRA.
BY KENNETH J. MORTON, F.E.S.

Since the publication of my " Palsearctic Nemource" (Trans.
Ent. Soc. Loud., 1891 and 1896) much activity has prevailed amongst
continental Neuropterologists, their efforts having been specially and
successfully directed to the better elucidation of the smaller species
of Plecoptera (Perlidce). Kempny's papers on Leuctra form a mar-
vellous exposition of a genus that had previously been considered
impenetrably obscure ; Bis has recently made a masterly Revision of
the central European Nemource ; while Klapalek, who combines with
his systematic work valuable biological studies, has largely extended
our information concerning Tamiopteryx.

The old descriptions of these insects being quite inadequate, the
question of synonymy is a great stumbling block, and it is difficult to
see how it can be surmounted. Even where types exist in the shape
of dried specimens in museums, these are practically not determinable
with certainty in their present condition, although they could probably
be determined without difficulty, even now, if prepared as microscopic
objects.

In Leuctra especially, Kempny has been obliged to ignore almost
entirely the old names, and new and unfamiliar names are beginning
to appear in lists, while familiar ones, such as L.fusciventris, find no
place. This is of course very unsatisfactory, but the author is not
without good excuse.

Leaving the subject of synonymy in abeyance in the meantime,

it may be of interest to the few British Entomologists who concern

themselves about these iusectB to give a list of the British species of

aa %

256 November,

Leuctra so far as they are at present known to me. There are six
species, as follows: —

1. L. geniculata, Stephens. — The largest species, easily known from the
verticillate hairs on the antennae, a character which it has in common with L.
Braueri, Kempny, a species not yet known as British. L. geniculata has a wide
distribution in these Islands, and frequents standing as well as slowly running
waters. It does not as a rule appear before the month of August.

2. L. albida, Kempny. — A summer insect, frequenting rapid streams in hilly
districts ; known to mo from Perthshire and Merionethshire, and no doubt general
in suitable localities.

3. L. Klapaleki, Kempny. —Allied to the foregoing and appearing later,
usually about the beginning of August. Ranks next to geniculata in size. Known
from many Scotch localities, and I think also from Devonshire (Briggs).

4. L. hippopus, Kempny. — Wide spread and appearing very early, March or
April.

5. L. Handlirschi, Kempny. — Kempny described two species, Handlirschi
and inermis, which he afterwards concluded were mere races or forms of each other.
In this I believe he is right. Some Highland examples come near Handlirschi ;
inermis is a common Scotch insect, and is also found in Wales. In some localities
appears along with or soon after hippopus.

6. L. nigra, Klap. (01., Pict. ?). — The least known species to me. I took a
single male in Arran many years ago, although it has only now been determined,
and this season I have found single examples in Perthshire and Lanarkshire. I
believe it is attached to swampy spots where there are springs. It may be looked
for early in May.

At the outset of my studies iu the genus Dr. Kempny very kindly
looked over a quantity of material which I had collected in formalin,
and since then, by his and Professor Klapalek's courtesy, I have
been put in possession of practically all the recognised European
species. Those Entomologists who desire to know more about these
insects should refer to Kempny's papers, "Zur Kenntniss der Plec-
opteren " (Verhandl. der K. K. zool.-bot. Ges. Wieu, vols. 48-49,
1898-99).

13, Blackford Road, Edinburgh :
September, 1902.

NOTES ON THE OCCURRENCE, AT HASTINGS, OF THE LARVAE
OP CLEODORA CYTISELLA, Curt.

BY EDWAKD CONNOLD, T.E.S.

About six years ago my attention was first drawn to the curled
pinnules of Pteris cupiilina, L., while searching for the little, rolled,
hard, purple-coloured galls on the secondary pinna? of the same plant,
which are caused by the gall-gnat Cecidomyia pteridis, Mull. In each

1902.] 257

specimen I found a small larva which had for some little distance
eaten its way along the midrib, going in the direction from the apex
to the centre stem, in a manner common to many leaf-miners.

Being then in search of galls, more especially than for the causes
of gall-growth, I paid little attention to the specimens, and as these
curled pinnules are not classed as a true gall, I made no further
attempts to rear the imagines, and the larva? perished. Each summer,
however, since then T have gathered a few specimens, and endeavoured
to rear the imagines, but without success, until the present season.

In the Hastings district they are not rare. I have found them in
nine different localities * They are somewhat local in situation. My
experience is that the moths are difficult to rear, mainly on account
of the necessity of gathering the bracken fronds at the particular
time necessary to ensure the emersion of the imagines in captivity,
and previous failures appear to have been attributable on my part to
error of judgment in that respect. The drying of the plant after
removal from the rachis is another difficulty to overcome. Unless the
larva is fully fed, and preparing to pupate, it will perish of starvation.

Under normal conditions it appears the larva pupates in the
earth. The larva? of the imagines 1 bred did not leave the plant.
What length of time is passed in a state of pupation in the earth I
have not been able to determine, but in confinement it is about 10 —
14 days. I have not found more than one larva in each affected pin-
nule. According to climatic conditions, and the early or late nature
of the season, the last time to search must vary somewhat, but from
about June 7th to 25th appears to be the best time to collect the
curled pinnules, and, from June 21st to July 8th, the imagines may be
expected to appear.

To any one desirous of rearing the moths next summer, I offer
the following notes : —

Begin to search among the bracken as early as the last week in May. Remove
each affected pinnule and place at once in a tin box, or in the customary vasculum.
At the same time secure also about a handful of common moss. Upon returning
home put as much earth as will fill a tea-cup on a tin or old plate, and bake it in the
kitchen oven for a couple of hours. When cold, place the earth between six or eight
sheets of newspaper, and with an old bottle, as a roller, crush tbe earth to a powder,
removing all small stones and grit. Thoroughly wash the moss in several lots of
water, removing all earth from the roots and stems. Procure a 21b. jam glass, and
in it put the earth. Draw off from the boiler about a pint of water, set it aside,
and when cold, use enough to make the earth in the glass fairly moist. Put the
remainder of the water in a clean small bottle, and cork it in the usual manner,

* The following are the localities : Guestling, Icklesham, Fairlight, Staplecro»s, Niufield
Hollington, Battle, Beaufort Park, and St. Helen's Wood.

258 [November,

using from it from time to time to prevent the earth getting dry or caked. Now
put on the earth about as much of the moss as will form a fairly compact layer
about an inch thick. Examine each pinnule, holding it before a bright light, and
only those in which a larva can be seen should be put in the glass. A piece of very
fine tulle or muslin should be held over the mouth of the glass by a rubber band,
or a piece of string. About every second or third day a few drops of the boiled
water on the moss will maintain sufficient humidity to prevent the pinnules drying
up, and consequent perishing of the larva; and pupae, but it must be watched from
day to day, and the first signs of fungoid growth removed.

St. Leonard's-on-Sea :

October, 1902.

[This is a very interesting discovery, but Mr. Connold leaves us
still in doubt as to whether the moth larva is the cause of the curled
pinnules, or whether it only adopts those curled by a Cecidomi/ia.
We hope he may be able eventually to clear up this point. — Eds.]

ON THE THORAX OF THE O ERR IB M.
BY DR. E. BERGROTn, C.M.Z.S.

In describing the external anatomy of Halobrttes and Halobatodes
(Challenger Report, vol. vii, pt. xix) Buchanan White says (p. 29) :
" Below no part of the metathorax is visible," and, speaking of the
ventral surface of the abdomen (pp. 31, 32) : " The first segment is
more or less covered at the sides by the mesosternum. On the middle
of it is a tubercle whose apex looks backwards and downwards, and
is pierced by a somewhat transverse perforation. There is nothing,
so far as I am aware, corresponding to it in any other true insect. It
is possible that its homologies may be found in the ' ventral tube ' of
the Collembola." In the Appendix, however, the author says (p. 79)
that " it is possible that what we have considered to be the first
abdominal ventral segment may be the metasternum, though this
seems very improbable."

This last interpretation is, however, doubtless the correct one,
and if Buchanan White had carefully compared HaJobates with the
other genera of the Gerridce, or if he had realized his intention to
work out the family monographically, he would certainly have found
it. The perforated tubercle is not a peculiarity of Halobates ; it is
typically present in the Gerridce and in the Veliadce, although in
many cases extremely small or hidden by the pubescence or by the
posterior margin of the mesosternum, and is possibly wanting in
the immature forms. It is verv distinct in some species of Gerris

ii>02.] 259

with whitish under-side, and in an undescribed freshwater-genus from
the island of Aldabra. hi the species of Gerris with black under-
side the tubercle is very difficult to find, if it be eoncolorous with the
surrounding surface or pubescence, but in various forms with black
under-side it is of a rusty-red colour, and then at once visible. The
tubercle is comparatively large and conspicuous, for instance, in the
European Velia rivuloritm, and its place is always on the segment which
in the typical Oerridce is unquestionably the metasternum. "What
Buchanan White describes as the first genital segment of Halobates is
really the last abdominal segment, and his " first abdominal segment "
is, as stated above, the metasternum. This being evident, the perforated
tubercle cannot be bomologized with the ventral tube of the Collem-
bola. The use of this tubercle is unknown, but as its position and
colour is sometimes of specific importance, I propose to call it the
omphalium (from o/xtftaXiov) , until its true nature is ascertained. Is it
possible that in the Oerridce and Velindce there is but one unpaired
secretory opening to the stink-gland, instead of the two as in other
families? In several cases I have found traces of a viscid fluid round
the omphalium, and the reddish colour of it in some species is per-
haps due to discoloration of the surrounding black pubescence by
evaporation from the stink-gland.

In the genus Oylindrostetliux, Fieb. (and possibly in a few species
of Gerris), the metasternum apparently consists of two segments, it
being divided by a more or less distinct, transverse, impressed line a
little before the posterior margin. That this additional pseudo-
segment is not the first ventral segment, but belongs to the metaster-
num, is shown by its coalescence at the sides with the hind acetabula,
and by the impressed line terminating it anteriorly not reaching the
lateral margin. This is clearly seen only in those species of Cylin-
drostelhus having the posterior acetabula somewhat distant from
the middle acetabula (I have examined G. productus, Spin., and two
new species).

In his description of the new Gerrid Thaumastometra Montandoni
(Rev. d'Ent., xviii, p. 87), Mr. Kirkaldy says: "segments abdo-
minaux 2e — 7e possedent un connexivum." It is evident that what
Mr. Kirkaldy has considered to be the first dorsal abdominal segment
is really the metaphragma of the metanotum. The metaphragma in
the apterous Gerridce often has quite the form of an abdominal seg-
ment ; the connexivum of the first abdominal segment in certain
species being prolonged to the metascutum, so as to embrace also the
sides of the metaphragma. The exact mutual position of the posterior

260 [November,

and the middle acctabula and coxap, and, in the apterous forms, the
shape of the metaphragma, offer good specific characters in many
Gerridce, although they have not hitherto been used as such by the
students of this group.

In some apterous Gerridce there is a remarkable dimorphism in
the structure of the mesonotum. In the same species it is possible
to find two apterous forms, both with well-developed genitalia : one
with the pronotum more or less fused with the mesonotum and pro-
longed backwards in a broadly rounded process, reaching the metano-
tum, but with the apical margin free, at a somewhat higher level than
the metanotum, quite as in the winged form ; the other with the
mesonotum distinctly separated from the pronotum, and the posterior
process truncated at the apex, with the postero-lateral margins slightly
sinuate, the whole margin of the process closely embracing the
adjoining margin of the metanotum. I believe this last form, although
capable of copulating, has not undergone its final ecdysis. Without
knowledge of this dimorphism, one might easily be induced to describe
the two forms as distinct species.

Tammerfors, Finland :

September 26th, 1902.

THREE NEW GENERA OF COCCIDM FROM CEYLON.

BY E. ERNEST GREEN, P.E.S., Government Entomologist.

I have been requested to establish the following genera to permit
of their inclusion in the " Genera Insectorum " now in course of
publication. The species will be described more fully, in their proper
place, in the " Coccidce of Ceylon."

A.NOMALOCOCCUS, gen. nov.
Fam. AsTEROLECANiora:.

Allied to Lecaniodiaspis ; but female forming no sac or test.

Adult <j? naked. Anal ring with more than eight hairs. Other characters as
in Lecaniodiaspis. Antennae present ; legs wanting. Anal orifice surrounded by
chitinous plates. Perforate discs on dorsum.

Male puparium similar to that of Lecaniodiaspis, with hinged operculum
behind.

The single species, at present known, occurs only in nests of an arboreal ant.
It is probable that this habitat has led to (he suppression of the test usual in the
family.

Type : A, cremastogastri.

1902.]

261

AnOMALOOOCCUS CREMASTOGASTRI, SJ). 110V.
Adult ? naked ; thinly dusted with white mealy powder. Highly convex ; a

to ®

©

© €>

strongly marked median longitu-
dinal ridge and two transverse
ridges (as in Lecanium olece). Pos-
terior extremity deeply cleft.
Colour olivaceouR, covered with a
waxy bloom, which gives the insect
a general tint of greyish-white.
Antenna 8-jointed. No legs. Anal
ring with twelve to fourteen stout,
flattened hairs. On the dorsum,
immediately anterior to the anal
orifice, are numerous small perforate discs, not disposed in pairs, but irregularly
scattered. Long, 3.50 mm. ; broad, 3 mm.

Female of 2nd stage with G-jointed antenna;, and spatulate stigmatie spines.

Male puparium oblong, oval, convex, with an indistinct median ridge. Greyish-
ochreous. A large hinged operculum at posterior extremity.

Adult $ castnneous. Thorax broad and depressed. Wings ample ; halteres
conspicuous. G-enital sheath slender, pointed, about one half the length of abdomen.
No caudal seta. Total length, 1-25 mm.

Sab. : Tn nests of Cremastog aster Dohrni, on Ficns sp. Pera-
deniya, Ceylon.

AMORPHOCOCCITS, gen. nov.

Pam. AsTEROLECANIIN-E.
Insects forming galls. Adult ? naked, or partially covered by second pellicle.
Antennae rudimentary. Legs wanting. Anal ring setiferous, in a shallow cleft at
extremity of a pygidiform process.

Young larvae with conspicuous 8-shaped pores on margin. Anal lobes small.
Type : A. mesuce.

Amokphococctts mesu^:, sp. nov.

Female insect enclosed in a rounded gall, with a median apical aperture. The
galls normally hemispherical, but two or more may coalesce to form an irregular
mammillate swelling. Cavity of gall conical.

Adult ? gamboge-yellow ; soft, tumescent ; sub-circular, rounded below,
slightly concave above ; sides slightly indented at the stigmatie regions. A minute

Fig. 2- a.

262

[November,

pygidiform process, bearing the anal aperture, projects upwards from the edge of
the dorsal convexity ; its extremity with a pair of stoutish setro, usually re flexed
and crossed over the ventral surface. Anal ring with six hairs, concealed in a re-
tractile tube at base of a shallow depression, with chitinous sides. Legs wanting.
Antennae represented by minute nodular tubercles. Spiracles large, surrounded by
scattered parastigmatic glands. Derm without other glandular markings. The
insect is often partially enveloped in the pellicle of the previous stage, which lines
the unoccupied part of the gall cavity, and shelters the eggs.

Diameter, 1*50 to 2 mm.

Male unknown in any stage.

Living insects of 2nd stage not observed.

Young larva oval, flat ; pale yellow. Margin with a series of large 8-shaped
pores ; four similar pores on dorsal surface of thorax. These pores give rise — in
the living insect — to stout, curling, glassy filaments. Legs and antennas normal,
the latter with terminal segment somewhat dilated. Anal ring with six hairs.
Anal lobes small, each bearing a stoutish seta.

Hah. : On terminal twigs of the " Iron-wood tree " (Mfstin
ferrea). Kandy, Peradeniya, Ceylon.

GEOCOCCUS, gen. nov.
Fam. DACTYLOPIIN.D.

Insects subterranean ; forming a more or less complete sac. Limbs present ;
antcnnie close together, as in Ripersia ; 6-jointed, terminal joint large. Body ter-
minating in a pair of chitinous anal lobes as in Eriococetts. Derm with trilocular
pores. Anal ring setiferous.

Young larva with a pair of stout chitinous spines.

Type : G. radicum.

Geococcus radicum, sp. nov.

Adult ? forming brittle
pulverulent white sacs, attached
to roots of grasses. Broadly
fusiform, narrowed at both ex-
tremities,verypale honey-yellow.
Antennae 6-jointed, their bases
almost contigu-
/ ous ; somewhat
clavate.terminal
, joint largest.
Anal lobes den-
sely chitinous,
dark coloured,
short ; a stout,

tooth-like spine at extremity of each, giving it the appearance of being Inarticulate.
Derm with very large, conspicuous, trilocular [tores disposed irregularly.

Length, 125 to 150 mm.

\

Fig.Z-b.

\

1902.] 263

»

Hah. : On roots of grasses (and other plants ?), usually one or two

inches underground. Pumlaluoya, Ceylon.

EXPLANATION OF FIGURES.
Fig. 1. — Anomalococeus cremastogastri, side view of adult 9 , x 0. la. — Ditto,

posterior extremity, x 100.
Fig. 2. — Amorphococcus mesua, section through gall, showing 9 insect in position,

x f>. 2a. --Ditto, posterior extremity of adult 9 > * ^33.
Fig. 3.- Oeococcus radicum, antennae of adult 9 > x 100. 3«. — Ditto, anal lobes of
adult 9 , x 100. 3i— Ditto, dermal pores, x 433. 3e.— Ditto, pos-
terior extremity of young larva, x 433.

Peradeniya, Ceylon :

September 19th, 1902.

Leucania albipuncta in Suffolk. — It is satisfactory to be able to record a further
extension of the range of this comparatively recent immigrant in these islands. A
very fine specimen, taken at sugar in his own garden at Hemley, Woodbridge,
Suffolk, has been kindly submitted for my information by the Rev. A. P. Waller,
Rector of that parish. — Chas. G. Barrett, Tremont, Peckham Rye, S.E. : Sep-
tember 20th, 1902.

Xantliia ocellaris at Ipswich. — Whilst Mr. Prout was looking through my
small collection of Lepidoptera last spring he noticed a specimen of this species
which I had placed with X. qilvago, thinking it a variety of that moth. I
captured the insect at Ipswich on September 12th, 1898, whilst it was at rest on
a shop window close to an electric light.. — E. C. Bkdwell, 25, Ossian Road,
Stroud Green, N.: October, 1902,

Hepialus humuli in the Faeroe Islands. — On July 19th, 1900, between 8 and 10
p.m., I took fifteen specimens (four 9, eleven <?) of the Ghost Moth (Hepialus
humuli) at Klagsvig in the Faeroe Tsles. The curious point about these specimens,
which are now in the Hope Collection, is that, in spite of the geographical position
of their locality, they are intermediate between the typical variety of the species
and the variety hethlandica. The wings of four of the males are pure white, those
of two others are only very slightly tinged, while the remainder are comparable to
the palest males in a large series of hethlandica from Shetland with which I have
compared them in the Hope Department. — Nelson Annandale, Hope Department,
University Museum, Oxford : October 6th, 1902.

Variation in Lithosia deplana, Esp. (depressa, Esp.).—I have been a good
deal interested in reading Mr. Bankes' notes on the above-named species in the
October number of the Ent. Mo. Mag. (antea p. 229). Curiously, the only two
females which I possess (both from Box Hill) are of the uriicolorous sororculaAike
variety, and I had not noticed the disagreement of this form with the published
descriptions and figures. I find, however, that it does not seem to have been either
figured or named ; Hubner's ochreola, fig. 96, and his luteola (Beitrage, i, pt. 3,

264 [November,

pi. 1, E) are both decidedly the grey forms with ochreous costa, and one cannot see
any particular appropriateness in the names he has assigned.— Louis B. Prout,
246, Eichmond Road, N.E. : October 15£A, 1902.

New food-plant for Melanthia albicillata. — On September 20th, while walking
through a wood in this neighbourhood, I noticed the leaves of the common agrimony
(Agrimonia eupatorid) that grew here and there by the sides of the path were much
eaten, and an examination soon revealed the pretty larvae of the above-named species,
and in a short time I boxed twenty, and might have taken more had I wanted them.
They were nearly full grown, and most of them were resting quite exposed on the
upper surface of the leaves, though one or two were on the main stems. I cannot
find this plant mentioned as being the food of the larvae of this species in any work
I have — Stainton and Buckler give raspberry and bramble. Mr. Beauchamp,
quoted by Newman in his British Moths, says that some young lai-vae took readily
to wild strawberry, but that he afterwards transferred them to bramble. Meyrick
gives alder, &c, in addition. Perhaps the " &c." may include Agrimonia, but it is
rather vague. On the 26th of same month I was again in the wood, and noticed
many of the larva? still feeding, and took a few more of the largest. I have taken
the moths in several woods in this neighbourhood, but it is far from common, or is
of retiring habits. The larvae appear to feed chiefly at night. — Gervase F. Mathew,
Dovercourt : October, 1902.

Occurrence of Panolis griseovariegata, Ooeze (piniperda , Panz.J, in June. —
As one, out of many instances that have come under my notice, of exceptionally
late appearances of Lepidoptera during the present backward season, it may be
worth mentioning that, on June 11th last, T beat out from Scotch fir, and secured,
an example of what is familiarly known as Panolis piniperda, Panz., but which, as
we learn from Staudinger and Rebel's " Catalogue " (1901), must in future be known
by its earlier name, P. griseovariegata, Ooeze. The specimen is a female, and is
rather worn, but one can hardly expect to find an April species in the very pink of
condition in the middle of June.— E. R. Bankes, Corfe Castle : August, 1902.

Lestes Dryas, Kirby (nympha, Selys), in Lincolnshire. — On July 23rd of this
year the Rev. A. Thornley of South Leverton forwarded to me two dragon-flies
taken a few days previously by Miss Stow from a pond at Brandon, near Grantham.
I took them to be L. Dryas, Kirby, and my naming was subsequsntly confirmed by
Mr. G. T. Porritt, to whom I showed the specimens. I went down to Brandon on
August 21st following, and took nine more Lestes from the same pond ; these I sent
to Mr. McLachlan, and one of them (a male) he says is "certainly Dryas," and the
remainder sponsa. The pond, which is called " Doubleday's," is only a few square
yards in area, situated in the middle of a grass field, and is nearly filled up with tall
weeds on which the Lestes were resting.— Eland Shaw, North Leverton, Notts. :
October 1th, 1902.

Abundance of Mschna mixta in South Devon. — That Mschna mixta is thoroughly
established on the South Devon coast, and probably has been for many years, seems
evident from the fact that I have found it plentifully there during the past three

1902.] 265

seasons. This year it was especially abundant, and seemed to occur in all localities
having suitable aquatic conditions, for many miles, as far as Toreross (where it was
abundant), the furthest point I worked. It is a very pretty object when on the
wing, but rather difficult to catch, and my best morning's work, on September 19th,
only produced seven to my net. The only other dragon-flies noticed in the district
were Sympetrum striolatum, Cordulegaster annulatus, and Ischnura elegans, the
first mentioned in great abundance.— Geo. T. Porkitt, Crosland Hall, near Hud-
dersfield : October 9th, 1902.

Does Sympetrum scoticum hibernate ? — In the " Revue des Odonates d'Europe "
the late Baron de Selys-Longchamps says (p. 49) concerning this species: — "J'ai
pris quelques exemplaires au commencement du printemps ; peut-etre avaient-
ils hiverneV' Later on in the same work when treating on Sympycnaftisca, and
alluding to it as the only Odonate that can be said, with certainty, to hibernate, he
adds (p. 1(33) : — " Je me souviens cependant d'avoir trouve en avril des Libellula
scotica tres-adultes, que j'ai suppose aussi avoir passe l'hiver." I do not remember
to have seen these statements alluded to by succeeding writers, but it is quite pos-
sible some such notice may have escaped me. In any case it seems desirable to call
attention to the subject as a guide to observers. — R. McLaculan, Lewisham,
London : October 8th, 1902.

A few Trichoptera from West Cornwall. — During a second visit to Cornwall
which I paid in May last, I was able to add somewhat to my former list of Tri-
choptera, and to give additional localities (see ante p. 112). Limnophilus auricula,
Curt., Trewoofe, Marazion, L. vittatus, F., Trewoofe, L. centralis, Curt., Flushing,
near Falmouth, L. hirsutus, Piet., Falmouth ; Silo pallipes, Curt., Penzance, Budock ;
Crunozcia irrorala, Curt., Flushing ; Tinodes assimilis, McLach., Flushing ; 1'hilo-
potamus montanus, Don., Boleigh, Penzance; Wormaldia occipitalis, Pict., Penzance,
Flushing; Polycetitropusjlavomaculatus, Pict., Penzance, Flushing; Rhyacophila
dorsalis, Curt., Lamorna Cove ; Agapetus fuscipes, Curt., Penzance, Flushing. —
W. C. Boyd, The Grange, Waltham Cross : September loth, 1902.

On a nest of Formica sanguinea and other Hymenoptera near Wellington
College. — The following particulars of a nest of the above species which I found
near Wellington College on September 6th may be of interest to some of your readers.
The nest was only indicated by a small burrow in the railway bank, from which
from time to time issued workers of F. sanguinea (I may mention that it was a very
cold dull day), which had a run round and then entered the nest again. This was
composed of the rotten fibre of a fir tree root, and penetrated to the depth of about
a foot into the bank. I dug the nest out and collected from it the following : — 28
sanguinea $ , 4 of which were immature, 1 sanguinea $ , bfusca ? , 4 wingless, 1
winged ; Lasius umbratus ? , 9 wingless, niger ? , 2 wingless, and pupae of sanguinea
in all stages. The ants seemed very sluggish, and were I suppose preparing their
winter quarters. Methoca ichneumonides—1 found a $ of this species dragging a
very small sandlly towards a burrow from which I was taking Mellinus arvensis. I
think it must have intended to enter the burrow, as having slipped three or four

266 [November,

times in the sand with its burden, it invariably started afresh on the same route.
Cerceris arenaria — I found, on dragging out the cells of this species, 17 weevils of
the common grey kind so common on the heaths. C. ornata — J have always found
this taking home a small Haliclns of some kind, but on one occasion to my surprise
it brought an Andrena argentata. Ammophila sabulosa stores Noctuid larva?
(such as P. piniperda, A. agathina, &c.) ; A. campestris Q-eometrid larvae, but on one
occasion I found it with the larva of Noctua tritici. — W. Baknes, Brightwell Villas,
New Road, Southern Hill, Reading : October, 1902.

Ants displaced by Woodlice in Neiv Zealand. — The Rev. A. E. Eaton, in his
gentle critique on my note on this subject {ante p. 160) was right in assigning the
woodlouse I referred to to Porcellio scaber, Latr., not P. graniger as given by me.
Six months before despatching my note to this Magazine I read a short paper on
Mopoda vegetans, Dc Geer, before the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury, N. Z.,
and had occasion to refer to the destructive Mopod, when Dr. Chilton, P.L.S., the
able specialist on New Zealand Crustacea, was good enough to correct the nomen-
clature for me ; the error, therefore, was twice repeated. Porcellio scaber has been
known in New Zealand for forty years, and many years before there was any direct
communication with other countries than England (excepting perhaps during the
early whaling times), which induced me to write of it as an English species. Although
it is now almost cosmopolitan, the colonists are wont to speak of all invaders of its
class in New Zealand as being of English origin. — W. W. Smith, Ashburton, N.Z. :
August 2bth, 19U2.

Formica exsecta in South Devon. — During a short stay in South Devon in
August last I paid several visits to Bovey Tracey in quest of Aculeate Ilymenoptera.
In previous years I had found this place a very fruitful collecting ground, it having
yielded several rare and interesting species with which I was anxious to make
further acquaintance. While searching over the heath, on August 11th, I came
across an ants' nest constructed of fir needles, pieces of dry grass, &c, very like
that of Formica rufa, Linn., but much smaller, being hardly so big as a half gallon
measure. The ants were not F. rufa, as they were certainly too red for that species.
I took several dozen for further examination, as I could not remember the specific
difference between the two species, to one of which it appeared certain that they
must belong, viz., F. sanguinea, Ltr., and F. exsecta, Nyl. I was surprised upon
examination to be unable to make them anything except F. exsecta, Nyl., a species
I had hardly hoped to find, especially in a place so far from the original and only
locality in Britain (near Bournemouth) where it used formerly to occur. In
June, 1898, however, it was discovered in the New Forest by Mr. R. C. Bradley
(/oc. cit. vol. xxxv, p. 14). The species has been keenly but unsuccessfully
sought for so long a time that many naturalists had begun to think we had lost
this interesting ant from our fauna. I have to thank Mr. Edward Saunders
for kindly confirming my identification. — A. H. Hamm, 22, Southfield Road, Oxford :
October, 1902.

Aculeates at Colchester in 1902. — In spite of the cold, wet season, Aculeata
have been numerous in this district, and many good species have been obtained.

1902.] 267

Nomada fucata occurred during May about, the burrows of A ndrena fulo torus, a
species very common here. Sphecodes spinulosus J was found Hying along hedges
in the hottest sunshine early in June, and Odynerus gracilis occurred in woods.
The end of July and early August proved most prolific: Nysson trimaculalus, N.
dimidiatus and Hoplims bieinctus (1) were taken in a garden near the town, while
further out we obtained Andrena JIattorflana, including specimens of the red
variety of the ? , not taken here since 1887 ; several Nomada armata <$ , N. lineo/a
and var. cornigera, N.jacobcece, Agenia hircana (1), Andrena nigriceps <J and $
Dasypoda hirtipes, Calicurgus hyaiinatus (two £), llarpactus tumidus, Stelis
phceoptera, Nomada obtusifrons (on mustard flowers), and last but not least, both
sexes of Odynerus reniformis, of which we had previously taken a single specimen
only. — Bernard Smith Harwood, Station Road, Colchester : October, l'JU2.

Aculeates in North Wales. — This season I paid four short visits, practically
week ends, to Barmouth, and although the weather was on the whole anything but
ideal from a collecting point of view, some interesting species were taken.

My first visit in May was almost a blank as far as Aculeates were concerned,
owing to cold and wet, the only species worth noting being Nomada bifida, lateralis,
and a fine ? Andrena lucens from Llanbedr.

On my second visit, end of June, the weather was so exceedingly hot that my
son and self were completely knocked up on the Pensarn sand-hills. We found
Pompilus rufipes very lively and variable, some specimens having almost black legs
and no spots on the abdomen. P. approximatus was scarce, only 5 taken. Gorytes
tumidus (3). Coe/ioxys acuminata, Osmia aurulenta, and many others. The walls
around Barmouth yielded a nice series of Sapyga quinquepunctata, 25 !j? s, but only
1 <J , along with it Agenia variegata occurred, very agile and difficult to capture,
dodging in and out of the crevices. Osmia caerulescens and Stelis aterrima on
posts. On the sand-hills Tachytes pectinipes was very common ; dozens were taken
in the hope of getting Astata stigma, but without success ; but 3 T. unicolor fell to
our share.

On my third visit, August 1st, we worked very hard for more Agenia variegata,
and ultimately totalled 20 specimens, 4 of which were £ s. Five specimens of
Panurgus ursinus, £ s, were found asleep in dandelion flowers, and on the sand-hills
a small series of Mimesa unicolor, and 2 Oxybelus mucronaius were taken.

On my last visit Panurgus ursinus, $ s, were found freely in the Railway Station
grounds. Three hours at Towyn in semi-bright weather were fairly successful, con-
sidering we had to sweep for our insects, the principal captures being Oxybelus
mucronatus (10), Mimesa unicolor. Cerupales maoulatus, Cerceris arenaria, Crabro
Wesmaeli, Tachytes unicolor. A short spell at Criccieth in similar weather produced
similar insects to Towyn, with the addition of Anthidium manicalum and 6 specimens
of Ammophila hirsula, which differ somewhat from the normal form, the £$ having
a shorter petiole and a trace of red on the base of the femur; curiously the $ s were
much worn and the $ s quite fresh. In the neighbourhood of Maentrog we found
Andrena denticulata and Nomada solidaginis commonly, and single specimens of
Agenia variegata and Crabro dimidiatus. In a future note I hope to 6ay something
about the Diptera taken. — Ralph C. Bradley, Moseley, Birmingham : October,
1002.

268 [November,

Lcemostenus complanatus, Dej., at Plymouth. — The beetles which I recorded in
this Magazine in May, 1899 (p. 118), as P. terricola are, I now find, referable to
the above-named species. They were included in my note at that time (as men-
tioned therein) on account of their small size and the peculiarity of the habitat in
which they were discovered ; the specimens having been found at rest in a deep
crevice in a tree which had been blown down by a storm on the day prior to my
visiting it. When the ti"ee was standing the beetles would have been at an altitude
of some twelve feet from the ground. Being possessed of ample wings, may it be,
therefore, that L. complanatus is more or less arboreal in habit ? I have also an
example of L. complanatus from Mr. J. J. Walker, taken in Sheppey in 1898 or
1899.— J. H. Keys, Plymouth : October, 1902.

A colony of Hister merdarius, F. — II. merdarius is, judging from the records,
usually a scarce species in this country, and it may therefore be of interest to men-
tion that I have recently come across a colony of it. The site is a small enclosure
by the side of the River Lea, near Broxbourne, Herts, close to a lock-keeper's cot-
tage. The soil in this place is a warm, damp, evil-smelling compound, the upper
surface of which is formed of large lumps ; it is no doubt the residue of a heap of
gas-lime deposited from a passing barge. On the top of this stuff, which was
riddled with borings, a quantity of vegetable refuse from the adjacent house had
been thrown, the whole appearing an attractive habitat for beetles occurring in such
situations. The Misters were found in the warm soil under the clods ; two species
occurred, of which //. merdarius was by far the commoner, there being probably
between fifty and sixty specimens present, besides numerous grubs, which I believe
were its larvae ; the other species was II. \2-striatus. Acritus minutus also occurred,
together with two species of Cercyon, Eumicrus tar sat us, Aphodius granarius, and
Trox scaber, but Staphylinidce were not numerous. I had only once previously
met with H. merdarius, this being a single individual found in a fungus trap in
Epping Forest, July, 1899, in company with H. succicola. — F. B. Jennings, 152,
Silver Street, Upper Edmonton : September 17th, 1902.

Slenostola ferrea, Schrank, at Barmouth. — Last May I found a single specimen
of Stenostola ferrea by beating an elm at Barmouth ; it has not apparently been
before recorded from Wales : and at Bettsw-y-coed I captured four specimens of
Pachyta cerambyciformis in a marshy wood at the end of June. — J. Kidson
Taylor, 2, South Terrace, South Avenue, Buxton : September, 1902.

Gnorimus nobi/is near London. — In July last, at the beginning of the month,
my daughter sent me a specimen of this rare beetle ; she found it walking across
her dining room table. She lives at Little Ealing, and there are a good many fruit
trees in the garden close to the house. — Arthur Cottam, Eldercroft, Watford :
October, 1902.

Omalium septentrionis, Thorns., in Cumberland. — This rare beetle has occurred
this year in south-east Cumberland in considerable numbers, being found in old
carrion upon which was a growth of some minute fungus, which appeared to be
what the beetle was feeding on. According to Canon Fowler (Brit. Col., vol. ii, p.

1902.] 269

413) it lias hitherto only occurred north of the Cheviots.* Mr. Newbery and M.
Fauvel have kindly confirmed the identification. The close and strong punctuation
of O. septentrionis readily separates it from O. rivu/are. — Frank II. Day, 17,
Thirlmore Street, Carlisle : October 7th, 1002.

Metallites marginatus, Steph., on birches near Henley-on-Thames. — In my
account of this species (Col. Brit. Islands, v, 108) I have said that it occurs on broom
and juniper, and also that " the species has recently been found in France on the
birch." On April 21th last I began to beat some young birches in a wood which
were only just bursting into leaf, and found this insect in great profusion ; a little
later, when the leaves were fully out, it was much scarcer, and its place was
apparently taken by Polydrusus cervinus. I never found tho species until I came
to this locality ; here, in the early spring, it appears to be the commonest of the
Curculionidee. — W. W. Fowler, Kotherfield Peppard Rectory, Henley-on-Thames :
September \7th, 1002.

Saperda scalaris. L., at Bretby Park, Derbyshire. — Canon Cruttwell has asked
me to record the capture of a specimen of Saperda scalaris by Mr. N. E. E.
Frampton in Bretby Park, Derbyshire. I once took a freshly emerged specimen in
Robin's Wood, which is only two or three miles from Bretby, and the late Mr. W.
G. Blatch recorded the species in 18S0 from Sherwood Forest ; these are the only
Midland records of the species, which has been chiefly found in the Manchester
district, where it has been taken in some numbers ; it has also occurred in the
Northumberland and Durham district.— Id. : September \%th, 1002.

Otiorrhynchus ligustici, L., at Matlock. — In " The Coleoptera of the British
Islands," vol. v, p. 178, I have quoted a record sent me by Mr. Chappell of the
capture of Otiorrhynchus ligustici at Matlock. Mr. Kidson Taylor lias lately
written to me saying that he can confirm this record, as he took a specimen last
July by sweeping in a field not far from the town, which was carpeted with
Anthyllis. I have only seen one living example of this very rare weevil, and this
I took at the roots of Anthyllis near Sandown, Isle of Wight, some years ago. —
Id. : October 10th, 1002.

Nabis brevis, Scholtz, and other Hemiptera at Woking. — On the 30th of
last August I re-visited the locality where I captured a single $ of tho above
species on August 25th, 1900 (see Ent. Mo. Mag., xxxvi, p. 227), and was rewarded
by two more of the same sex. I returned to the same spot again on September 20th
and 25th and captured several of both sexes, as well as about a dozen of Corizus
maculatus, Fiob.,a few C. parumpunctatus, Schill., Picromerus bidens, Linn., Cymus
melanocephalus, Thamnotettix cruentata, Pz., T. crocea, H.-S., and Gargara genista,
F. The locality lies along the side of the Woking Canal between Byfleet and its
junction with the Wey Navigation ; all the three extremely closely allied species of
the little section of Nabis, to which brevis belongs, occur here, rugosus, L., and
brevis, Scholtz, on the more grassy parts, ericetorum, Scholtz, on the adjoining
heather ; and yet each of these three species exhibits characters in the net whereby

* 0. septentrionis has been recorded by Blatch from Knowle, Warwickshire [Ent. Mo. Mag.,
xxvi, p. 37 (1890)].-G. C. O.

B B

270 [November,

it may be easily distinguished — rugosus being the widest and palest, brevis the
smallest and greyish, and ericetorum the darkest, narrowest and reddest. To me they
are far more difficult to separate when set out ; but the males can always be known
by the form of the genital styles. — Edward Saunders, St. Ann's, Woking :
October 10th, 1902.

Ctenophora flaveolata, F., in the New Forest. — I was fortunate in capturing
this year, in the New Forest, two specimens of the rare Dipteron, Ctenophora
flaveolata, male and female. Specimens in the British Museum were captured by
Turner in 1853, and by Doubleday in 1859.— Herbert Asiibt, Pinehurst, Basset,
Southampton : October 12th, 1902.

A Natural History of the British Lepidoptera, a Text Book for
Students and Collectors : by J. W. Tutt, F.E.S. Vol. iii, pp. 558 8vo.
London : Swan, Sonnenschein and Co. Berlin : Friedliinder und Sohn. 1902.

The third volume of this work has now appeared. It is of the same exhaustive
character as those which have preceded it, as may be inferred from the fact that in
its 558 pages only thirteen species are described, i. e., the remainder of the " Lach-
neide.t" {Lasiocampa quercus, &c), D. versicolera, S. pavonia, the three species of
the old Smcrinthid genus, and the two British " Bee-Hawks," Il.fuciformis and
H. tityus (bombt/liformis) . As an example of the author's exhaustive treatment,
L. quercus may be cited. All Lepidopterists know the vast amount of discussion
that has taken place since the var. callunce was introduced about 1847 as a distinct
species. The immense amount of information since obtained as to the habits of
this species in different regions of Europe and Asia is brought together and dis-
cussed in about 80 pages, in a manner which seems to leave scarcely anything more
to be said. It would be an error, however, to suppose that the volume is limited
to descriptions of the thirteen species and their many varieties and recorded aber-
rations, their life-histories, habits and localities. These, indeed, are given in very
great detail ; but the relations of the species found in our islands to those found in
the rest of the world are always kept in view, and the result is that a very large
proportion of the 558 pages is devoted to information and discussions of as much
interest to Continental and American Lepidopterists as to our own. In this con-
nection I would draw attention to the frequent observations on the conjectured
phylogeny of the species, and of the genera, families, &c, to which they belong,
and on their proper places in a classification based on the observation of the insects
in all their stages. A knowledge of these is of course essential for this purpose,
seeing the different traces of their probable origin which they bear in these stages,
and the diversity of the directions in which, in these several stages, owing to the
entirely different lives they lead in them, they appear to have evolved. As regards
phylogeny in general the observation at p. 359 is deserving of being well weighed.
The passage is too long to quote, but it comes to this, that what we call the
" lowest " members of a stirps are as many generations from the common stock as
the "highest" are; we may construct a hypothetical ancestor, having all the
generalized but none of the specialized characteristics of a group, the members of

1902.] 271

it having specialized in different, directions, so that no existing form can be supposed
to be derived from any form now existing. I am so thankful for the great labour
which has been expended by the author and his coadjutors in obtaining and re-
cording, with the necessary accuracy required, the detailed information contained in
the work, that I do not like to suggest that if even more labour could have been
given the value of the work might have been greater still. But when I find that
such a common and widely distributed species as C. potatoria has more than five
closely printed pages devoted to dates and localities of capture in the British isles,
I cannot help thinking that a compressed and classified summary, which need not
have occupied more than half a page, would have been preferable. There are other
eases also in which it appears to me that compression and condensation would have
been usefully employed. Even if Mr. Tutt agrees in this opinion, his answer might
be that of the accomplished letter writer who accounted for the length of his com-
munication by saying that he had not time to write short ; if this be so, it is greatly
to be regretted, and one is all the more glad that he has had, and will we hope for
the succeeding volumes have, the valuable co-operation of such excellent and
thoughtful observers as Dr. Chapman, Mr. Bacot and Mr. Prout, whose aid he ac-
knowledges so heartily. — F. Merrieield.

Second Report of the (Natal) Government Entomologist, 1901 : by
Claude Fuller. Pp. 72, 8vo. Pietermaritzberg. 1902.

At ante p. 134, we had occasion to notice Mr. Fuller's First Keport. Like it
the Second is fully one half occupied by fungi and kindred subjects. We think it
a great improvement on the First, got up more in the official Blue Book style, better
printed, and with much better illustrations. Its thinness compared with its pre-
decessor the Reporter explains by saying that, to a large extent, it is supplementary
thereto. One or two points are of special interest. When writing on the
" Mealie " grub (larvae of Sesamia fusca, Hampson), it is stated that one of them
lived 193 days without food, and then commenced burrowing into the soil as soon
as an opportunity offered. The chapter on the fruit moths (of which Sphingomorpha
chlorea, Cramer, is figured as an example) is very important ; in the First Report
the author appeared to show a leaning towards the idea that the moths do not
puncture the fruit, but take advantage of the punctures made by flies. In this
Report the leaning is quite the other way ; nevertheless, he says the evidence is
still not sufficient to enable him to form a definitive opinion ; but lie figures a
section of a peach, in the skin of which punctures made by the moth and cavities
containing eggs of the fly both exist in the same fruit. Appendix A consists of a
draft of a Bill to check the introduction of Insect Pests and Plant Diseases.

Societies.

The South London Entomological and Natural History Society,
August lith, 1902.— Mr. F. Noad Clark, President, in the Chair.

Mr. Edwards exhibited ova of Anthrocera trifolii from Bylleet. Dr. Fremlin
said that during a recent visit to the Isle of Man, he had taken Dianthcecia casta
and larvae of Folia xanthomista, v. nigrocincta. Dr. Chapman, specimens of
Nemoptera bipennis (lusitanica) from Bejar in Spain.

272 [November,

August 28th, 1902.— Mr. E. Step, Vice-President, in the Chair.

Mr. Edmund J. Riley, of 94, Drakefell Road, Upper Tooting, was elected a
Member.

Mr. South exhibited a series of Apamea ophiogramma bred from larvae
taken in his garden at Tooting. Mr. Turner, a short series of Agrotis ripce bred at
the end of June, 1902, from larva? taken in August, 1901, at Dawlish. The variation
was very considerable, from very snowy forms to an exceedingly dark example.
Mr. Bowman, a large number of species of the genus Erebia, including series of
E. Zapateri from Spain, and E. Christ/ from Switzerland ; he also showed a series
of Melanargia Lachesis. Mr. South, ova of Tortrix piceana from Oxshott, and of
Betinia, pinicolana. Mr. Adkin, several masses of cocoons of a species of Apanteles
which had emerged from the larva? of Boarmia gemmaria in his garden. A discus-
sion ensued as to the cause of the curious curved position of the larval remains over
the cocoons. Dr. Chapman, a specimen of Scoliaula (Bohemannia) quadrimaculella
from Reigate.

September Uth, 1902. — Mr. F. Noad Clark, President, in the Chair.

Mr. South exhibited a series of Pygcera curtula bred from ova laid by a ^ taken
at Blatchworth. The imagines were all small and dark, and it was suggested that
the food, sallow, instead of poplar, was the cause. Mr. Turner, two Longicorn
Coleoptera taken by Mr. Tutt at Torre Pellice, viz., Cerambyx keros (Cerdo) and
Purpuricenus Koehleri. Mr. Kemp, numerous species of Coleoptera taken in the
New Forest in August, including Prionus coriarius, Halyzia 16-gidtata, Abdera
bifasciata, Bembidium decorum, Tomoxia biguttata, and Deronectes latus. Dr.
Chapman, examples of the Hesperid, Jleteropterus Morpheus, from St. Jean de Luz,
and cases and imagines of the Psychid, Oreopsyche Leschenaulti, from San Sebastian.

September 25th, 1902. — The President in the Chair.

Dr. Chapman exhibited typical examples of Euchelia jacobace bred from larva?
found at Bejar, and stated that the black bands or rings of the larva? were broken
into four black marks. Mr. Kaye, a short series of Leucania albipuncta from the
Isle of Wight, taken this year. Mr. Kirkaldy, a remarkable case of insect mimicry
in a number of Brazilian Rhynchota, Mabetia pulcherrima. A new species of
31irid(t was shown with the Pyrrhocorine, Theraneis oleosas, from Costa Rica, and
T. luridus from Brazil. Mr. Kemp, species taken by him at various Field Meetings
of the Society : — Wisley, July 5th, Coleoptera : Donacia thalassina, Pcederus
riparius, Agrilus angustuhts, Xyleborus dryographus, and Antherophagus nigricornis.
Odonata : Orthetrum ccerulescens. Epping Forest, September 20th, Zeugophora
jlavicollis and Ilybius fenestratus. Oxshott, September 6th, Coleoptera : Hydaticus
seminiger, Pelobius tardus, Ilybius ater, Bhantus bistriatus, Bidessus geminus,
Hydroporus tristis, H. umbrosus, and Coelambus impresso-punctatus. Mr. Lucas,
a coloured sketch of a var. of Asphalia ridens bred from the New Forest. The
contrast of light and dark markings was unusually strong. He also showed a
specimen of a very rare Dipteron, Physucephala nigra, and a $ of Ectobia
lapponica with its egg capsule, which it had carried protruding for 5 days before
dropping it. Mr. Colthrup, Lasiocampa quercus vars. (1) with splashes of yellow
at base of fore-wings, (2) $ with $ antenna? and wings, but body showing ova

1902.] 273

through abdomen, (3) having yellow band on hind-wing extending to fringes ; and
also Agrotis corticea with a white submarginal band on the fore-wings. Mr. Lucas
read the Eeport of the Field Meeting held at Wisley on July 5th, and exhibited
lantern slides to illustrate his remarks.

October dth, 1902.— The President in the Chair.

Mr. Jennings exhibited four rare species of Coleoptera : Cathormiocerus socius
from Sandown, Isle of Wight, Gymnetron Hnarice from Southport, Tiaris le/>idii
from Edmonton Marsh, and Ulster merdarius from Broxbourne. Mr. Kemp,
examples of Carabus violaceus v. exasperates from N. Cornwall and the New Forest.
Mr. R. Adkin, a Cossus llgniperda from the same fence referred to in the
"Proceedings" for 1889 and 1900, and read notes. Dr. Chapman, imagines, pupa;
and cocoons of Hybocampa (Notodonta) dryinops from Queensland, and compared
the species with H. Milhau&eri. He pointed out the spike of the pupa in both
cases, by which it drills a series of holes and thus weakens the cocoon for exit.
Mr. South, four aberrations of Lyccena Corydon : (I) a ? with blue hind-wings and
a black discal spot on fore-wings, (2) under surface of the fore- wings unusually
white, (3) and (4) var. syngrapha ; all were from Wiltshire, taken by the Rev. C.
A. Sladen. Three aberrations of L. Icarus: (1) <j> from Eastbourne with elongate
spots on the under surface of fore-wings, (2) ? very blue from Oxshott, (3) $
blackish, shot with blue at base, from Horsley. L. minima, devoid of markings on
the under surface, from Swanage. Ematurga atomaria, a melanic $ from Bourne-
mouth. Gonosoma pendularia, 4 specimens from Market Drayton of a dark grey
form, said by Mr. Woodforde to be typical of the district ; and a specimen of
Pyralis Lienigialis taken near Oxford, August 22nd, 1902. — Hy. J. Tuknee, Ron.
Secretary.

Entomological Society of London : October 1st, 1902. — The Rev. Canon
Fowler, M.A., D.Sc, F.L.S., President, in the Chair.

Mr. H. St. J. Donisthorpe exhibited specimens of Dibolia cynoglossi taken
by him near Pevensey on the 11th August last. He said that the beetle had
not been recorded as British since 1866. Mr. O. E. Janson, a fine hermaphrodite
specimen of Dryas Paphia taken in the New Forest by Mr. Herbert Charles
on July 28th, and recorded in "The Entomologist;" also a melanic specimen
of Papilio Demoleus from Ceylon in which all the usual marginal and sub-
marginal yellow markings were absent and the discal markings much obscured ;
on the under-side the yellow markings were entirely wanting. Mr. C. P. Pickett,
a $ Callimorpha domlnula with the hind-wings suffused with black, and an extra
black spot in the centre, the white spot on the fore-wings being absent ; and a very
large ? of the same species, both bred from larvae found at Walmer at the end of
March ; and three aberrant specimens of Trlphcena fimbria bred from larva taken
at Wood Street during the same month. Mr. C. O. Waterhouse, specimens of a
wasp, Zethus chalybeus and a Neuropteron Mantispa semihyalina received with a
collection of Rymenoptera from Rio Janeiro suggesting a curious case of rniiniory.
Mr. F. B. Jennings, specimens of Ulster merdarius from Broxbourne, Herts., part
of a large colony of this usually scarce species found with Ulster 12-striatus and
other beetles inhabiting a heap of a chemical substance, probably gas-lime, in which

2^4 [November,

also many larvre presumably of IHster merdarius, and burrows, were observed. Tbe
soil was warm and moist, and this, and the presence of a quantity of vegetable
refuse thrown on the heap, was no doubt the attraction to tbe llisters to settle
there. Mr. A. J. Chitty, a specimen of Metoecus paradoxus with a part of the cells
of a nest of Yespa vulgaris, in which place the beetle is invariably found. The
beetle in the cell tucks in its head, only displaying the surface of the thorax, which
is coloured similarly to the face of the wasp. This peculiarity suggests a case of
mimicry, and Professor Poulton said that it fitted in with the case of some other
bees and wasps. Mr. H. Rowland-Brown, on behalf of Mr. G. F. Leigh, of Durban,
a $ and ? specimen of a rare Noctuid, Musgravia Leighi, Hampson, discovered by
him in Natal, and read remarks upon the life-history of the species, communicated
by the captor. Mr. Stanley W. Kemp, two recent additions to the British list of
Coleopfera, Bembidium argenteolum, from Lougb Neagh, Armagh, and Lcemostenus
complanatus from the neighbourhood of Dublin, taken in June, 1902. Mr. W. J.
Kaye, examples of Heliconius Lindigii, Heliconius Antiochus, and Morpho Achilles
from British Guiana, with notches taken out of the hind-wings, presumably by birds;
to illustrate that these distasteful or warning-coloured species are subject to attack,
this helping to show that experimental tasting as propounded by the Mullerian
theory of mimicry docs exist and go on. Professor L. C. Miall, F.R.S., communica-
ted a, Paper by Mr. T. H. Taylor, M.A., entitled, "The Tracheal System of
Simulium." Professor Auguste Forel, M. D., communicated a Paper entitled
" Descriptions of some Ants from the Rocky Mountains of Canada (Alberta and
British Columbia) collected by Edward Whymper." Dr. T. A. Chapman, F.Z.S.,
read a Paper entitled " On Heterogynis paradoxa." — H. Goss and H. Rowland-
Beown, Hon. Secretaries.

ALGERIAN BUTTERFLIES IN FEBRUARY, MARCH and APRIL, 1902.
BY MRS. MARY DE LA B. NTCIIOLL, F.E.S.

Although Algeria is visited every winter and spring by numerous
tourists, many of whom are entomologists, yet there is not, to my
knowledge, any complete work published on the Lepidoptera of the
country. M. Oberthiir's valuable papers contained the best, almost
the only, information that I was able to procure, but as these are
published in various volumes of the Annales of the French Entomolo-
gical Society, I had great difficulty in making out any sort of catalogue
of the insects I might hope to iind during February and March ;
and my ideas as to the appearance and habits of the rarer ones were
singularly vague. I had no book of any kind with me, so I made
several extraordinary mistakes about my captures.

May and June might be profitably spent in the mountains, which
occupy a great part of the country, and are too high and cold to
produce any butterflies of much interest in March, or even in April.
The Atlas range, which extends along the whole coast of North Africa

1902.] 275

from the Atlantic on the west to Tunis on the east, is called by various
names in various districts, and is divided into many distinct groups.
But the mountain wall will everywhere be found between the Medi-
terranean and the Sahara, sometimes expanding into a broad table
land, 3000 feet in height and from 20 to 30 miles in width, and some-
times, as in the province of Oran, narrowed into ridges, whose higher
summits command alike the Sahara and the Mediterranean.

As far as I could make out this great range divides the whole of
Algeria into two distinct zones of climate, in which the flowers and
insects differ greatly. The northern slopes, whose waters fall into the
Mediterranean, get a good deal of rain and much fog. The vegetation
is most luxuriant, much resembling that of Southern Spain or Italy,
and the butterflies are much what might be met with along the shores
of the Western Mediterranean. The southern side of the watershed,
whose rivers flow into the Sahara, presents a very different appearance.
Bare and rocky ridges rise from sandy or stony levels ; near the
streams and in the lower valleys are lovely oases of palm trees and
fruit orchards and corn fields, but the intervening country is mainly
clothed with prickly shrubs, if indeed it can boast of any vegetation
at all. Yet amid the stones and sand bloom flowers quite unlike those
of the European flora, and on these rocky ridges, unpromising as they
look, Teracolus Nouna, JEuchloe Pechi, and E. Fallout are to be found.

Between the Tell and the Desert, north-east of Biskra, rise the
Aures, the highest mountain group in Algeria ; several of their
summits attain a height of 7500 feet and upwards, and these are
white with snow as late as mid April. All the Aures valleys possess
beautiful snow-fed streams flowing southwards to the thirsty sand,
which presently swallows them up. Of the insects of this district
little or nothing is known, and I greatly regret that I can add nothing
to our knowledge, for although I spent fourteen sunny days of March
in exploring the main valleys, it was then too early, even for the
flowers.

The warmer portions of Algiers are, however, the best butterfly
quarters that I have ever visited in February. Miss Gilbertson and
I landed at Algiers on February 6th, and stayed there three days.
We joined Miss Fountaine, and made excursions to several promising
fields and copses behind Mustapha Superieur, taking a good many
common Mediterranean insects, and one or two fresh specimens of
Thestor mauritanicus. G. Cleopatra was abundant, and L. argiolus
already on the wing. Then we went to Constantine, where there is
very good collecting ground close to the north-east side of the town.

276 [November, 1902.

On February llth I took there many Thestor B alius, one T. mauri-
tanicus, many E. Bella, C. Plilceas, V. polychloros, &c. After this
date we had very cold and windy weather, and took nothing of interest
at Tunis, Carthage and Kairouan. On the 21st we arrived at Biskra
in a thunderstorm, and there rejoined Miss Fountaine, who had re-
mained at Algiers and caught nothing remarkable in our absence. It
blew a gale all the next day, but February 23rd was lovely, so we
made an excursion to the Col de Sfa, a pass in a sharp rocky ridge
about five miles north of Biskra, a good collecting ground, though
the mountains are very steep and barren. We took some beautiful
specimens of Euchloe Charlonia, quite fresh, and plenty of E. Bella
and E. Belemia, as well as several var. glauce. It struck me as re-
markably early to get var. glauce, which is generally considered to be
the summer brood of Belemia. "We also saw P. Machaon, but it was
flying so wild, in consequence of the high wind, that we none of us
took any, so I could not be sure whether it was Oberthur's var. liospi-
tonides or not ; subsequently, however, we took several, and I am
unable to see that they vary much from the type. Next day we went
to the ridge above Hammarn-es-Salahin, to the west of Biskra, and
found much the same insects as on the Col de Sfa, with the addition of
L. boetica. The day following we devoted to the Biskra park of Beni
Mora, a very nice place, well watered, with grass, bushes, weeds and
palm trees. It would be excellent collecting ground if it were not so
close to the town, but it is perpetually haunted by entomologists in
delicate health, who take their regular morning stroll there, and pick
up the rarer Lepidoptera as soon as they appear. However, we did
fairly well, and caught plenty of E. Charlonia and E. Belemia, one L.
Telicanus, two L. Theophrastus, one L. Lysimon, and several C. alcece
var. australis, a nice red-brown variety. I also took several P. Dapli-
dice hoping that they might prove to be var. albidice, Ob., but could
not see that they differed from the ordinary form ; probably albidice
may be a later brood. February 27th was a red letter day with us :
we went to El Kantara, a charming place on the railway about thirty
miles north of Biskra, where a river cuts sharply through the last
ridge of the Aures ; here a good country inn is to be found, where
we spent several days very pleasantly.

On the top of a neighbouring mountain, flying among the rough
halfa grass, I took five Euchloe Pechi (all males just out of chrysalis),
and also several specimens of L. Abencerragus and L. melanops, the
latter remarkably large and brilliant. Next day, on another beat, 15
more E. Pechi came to the nets, all in good condition, and always

December, 1902] 277

taken on the top of a ridge. E. Bella, E. Belemia, E. Charlonia, L.
boetica, L. melanops, L. Abencerragus were all common, and Thestor
Ballus fairly swarmed ; it is probably the commonest Algerian butterfly
in February and March.

This ended February, and we had taken no less than 30 species
or named vars. during the month. I append list : —

1, P. Machaon, 2, P. brassicce, 3, P. rapce, 4, P. Daplidice, 5, E. Belemia, 6,
var. glauce, 7, E. Belia, 8, E. Charlonia, 9, E. Pechi, 10, C. Edusa, 11, G. rhamni,
12, Q. Cleopatra, 13, Thestor Ballus, 14, Th. mauritanicus, 15, Ch. Phlaas, 16, L.
batica, 17, L. Telicanus, 18, L. Theophrastus, 19, L. Abencerragus, 20, L. melanops,
21, L. Astrarche, 22, L. Icarus, 23, L. argiolus, 24, L. Lysimon, 25, Tr. polychloros,
26, 7". Atalanta, 27, V. cardui, 28, P. Egeria, 29, C. Megcera, 30, C. aZce« var.
australis.

March was ushered in by a sharp frost at El Kantara, so we
returned to Biskra in search of warmth, and spent a clay on the Beni
Mora, getting a few L. Theophrastus, L. Lysimon, and sundries. The
5th was another red letter day with us, notwithstanding a high wind.
We went to the Col de Sfa, and in a very steep rocky hollow, exposed
to the full power of the southern sun, I took four specimens of
Teracolus Nouna. Such was my ignorance that I believed the insect
to be E. Falloui, and not till nearly a month later did T realize what
a prize I had !

On March 7th we started from Biskra on a camping tour in the
Aures, travelling by Branis, Beni-Ferah and Ragli to Timgad in the
Tell, and returning via Medina, Ktout, and Djinina to Sidi Masmoudj,
where we again found ourselves on the outskirts of the desert. Had
we made this expedition in May, I feel little doubt that we should
have taken many good insects, but in March there was little or nothing
to be had ; and although our tour was most enjoyable, it was, ento-
mologically, a complete failure. We often had frost at night, the
higher mountains being covered with snow, and though we generally
rejoiced in glorious sunshine, gales were frequent. I may add, for
the benefit of possible travellers, that the country is as safe as
Switzerland, the French officers most hospitable, the Arab inhabitants
civil and honest, and the women, who are remarkably handsome, walk
about everywhere alone and unveiled.

At Sidi Masmoudj we were once more in a hot country, and

again met with L. Theophrastus and T. Nouna, of which we took six.

Again we found Nouna (or Falloui as I then thought it) haunting a

sunny precipitous hollow, and showing a decided preference for one

c c

278 [December,

special spot, a trait which we frequently remarked in this butterfly.
It likes steep, sunny, rock faces, and is much easier to catch in the
afternoon than in the morning, when it is apt to haunt the higher
rocks and to fly very wildly.

March 20th found us back again at Biskra, and again we tried
the Beni Mora, found L. Lysimon and L. Theophrastus still flying,
and nothing much else that was worth catching. I was fortunate
enough to fall in with Prof. Max Korb. the well known Munich col-
lector, and he told me that M. Didyma var. deserticola was out, and
to be had in plenty at the foot of the mountains about three miles
south-west of Biskra ; so we arranged an excursion there for the next
day, which fortunately proved fine, and took a good series of the var.
deserticola flying in and around the dry beds of streams where they
meandered along the stony flats at the foot of the ridge. Having se-
cured as many deserticola as we wanted, and also several pupae of
Psyche quadrifasciaria, we proceeded to explore the mountains close
above us, and found them very steep and bare. After taking a few
common insects, and scrambling a long way across the rocks, I caught
a specimen of the butterfly I had previously supposed to be E.
Fallout, but Prof. Korb joyjully exclaimed that it was T. Nouna,
which he had never before met with ! This was a revelation to me !
I had taken a good many, and had hitherto imagined that the delicate
orange edged beauty was F. Fallout, and not the rare T. Nouna. Prof.
Korb presently secured another specimen, and then I found a good
hot corner where I took five or six, but all rather worn.

I now began to enquire what Falloui was like, and Prof. Korb
kindly showed me a specimen taken by him at Biskra a few days
earlier ; he assured me that if I had lately been taking Belemia in any
number it was tolerably certain that I had got Falloui also, the two
butterflies being so much alike that it is difficult to distinguish them
in the net. This proved to be the case ; I found a good series of
Falloui among my captures when I came to have them set.

Next day we started in a gale of wind for a desert lake called
Gilga, about six hours' march westwards from Biskra ; but when we
reached our point we found the lake almost dried up, and could not
approach what water remained on account of tamarisk scrub and mud
and quick-sands. A regular disappointment ! However, we found
good camping ground and good pasture for the animals, and next day
made a successful excursion to a desert ridge to the southwards.
Very bare rocks and very few insects of any sort ; but in the after-

loos.] 279

noon we discovered a baking precipice which was the chosen playground
of Nouna, and by patiently haunting the ledges we succeeded in taking
ten excellent specimens. They were all in the same spot, and invari-
ably returned to it within about five minutes after being disturbed ;
we only saw one anywhere else, though we walked several miles along
the ridge. Our next halting place was at the Fontaine des Gazelles,
a beautiful oasis on the railway north of Biskra, where we hoped to
find butterflies ; but the oasis and the plain around it were singularly
unproductive, nothing but Edusa, Daplidice, and other very common
insects were to be seen, so we made for a rocky ridge about two miles
to the south, and tried one of its little glens quite in vain, there was
scarcely a butterfly about ; but on climbing to the top of the ridge,
which was long, sharp and narrow, with a nice hot precipice on the
south side and a steep and scrubby northern slope, we found crowds
of butterflies playing along the summit. E. Bella, E. Belemia, and
E. Fallout were plentiful, and there was a nice sprinkling of Nouna,
mostly in wretched order. E. Charlonia swarmed, and there were
several P. Machaon about, so we returned to camp with a tolerable
catch.

We next went to Beni-Ferah, most picturesque of Aures villages,
and in its rocky gorges E. Eupheno abounded, but we only found a single
specimen of Nouna, probably it is too high and cold a place for the
belle of the desert so early in the year. We then returned across
the mountains to El Kantara, where we had two very successful days
on the top of the long sharp edged mountain which may be considered
as the dividing line between the Aures and the desert. Here we
again found E. Pechi, nearly a month after we had first taken it, and
still in tolerable order ; plenty of females were now to be had. E.
Pechi is, I think, a very local insect, more so than T. Nouna, which is
present in small numbers on all the rocky ridges adjacent to the
desert ; whilst we found Pechi only about El Kantara and Batna
(early in April), I had fully expected to meet with it in the Aures
and searched every likely place where the halfa grass grew, but quite
in vain. Nor, I believe, has it ever been taken in Northern Algeria,
though the halfa grass covers most of the hill sides. Flying with
Pechi round the highest rocks were quantities of E. Bella, E. Belemia,
a few E. Falloul, E. Eupheno, P. Machaon, &c. ; also a Melanargia
(Lies?) just out, of which we took five, all fresh specimens. On the
thorn bushes G. rubi, var. fervida, was common, and L. nielanops, L.
bcetlca, and L. Abencerragus haunted the steep slopes ; but we had

cc 2

2S0 [December.

left Nouna behind on the lower ranges fringing the desert, and saw
it no more.

Batna was our next point, and here we spent a very pleasant day
in the cedar forest. We ascended Djebel Touggourt (5000 ft. high),
and found patches of snow still lying near the summit. Lower down
we took HJ. Pechi just out, and in the valleys saw a good many Thestor
mauritanicus, and found them rather hard to distinguish on the wing
from Th. B alius, which swarmed. At Lambessa we were unlucky,
having a sunless day with storms around, so we took nothing ; but it
is probably good collecting ground.

On April 2nd we returned to Northern Algeria, and I much
regret that we did so, as it was still too early for butterflies in that
part of the country, and if we had remained in tbe Batua district or
anywhere on the southern side of the watershed, we should have done
better. We went to Tizi Ouzou and Port (rueydon, and took nothing
of interest. Then to Michelet, high up in the Djurjura range, and
got only one good butterfly, viz., S. Sao, var. Maliommedani, a very
distinct variety. April 11th we made an excursion across the Col de
Tirourda in splendid weather, and scarcely saw a butterfly ; the
country people assured me that it was much too cold for them, and
that they swarmed everywhere six weeks later. Things were much
the same at Teniet el Haad (in Oran) ; the cedar forest was splendid,
and looked as if it was excellent butterfly ground — only they were not
yet out. Here I found Thais rumina for the first time in Algeria,
and that was the best thing I took there. We were obliged to return
to England April 19th, and I left Africa regretting that I was unable
to spend another two months there.

I believe that Prof. Korb intended to collect at Batna and Lam-
bessa during April and May, and might perhaps penetrate into the
Aures. His captures must be most interesting if he did so. But it
would be almost impossible to work the district properly without a
tent, as the Arab villnges have little or no accommodation for strangers,
whilst in the Eastern valleys between Khenchela and the Sahara there
are scarcely any villages at all, and no inhabitants except in summer,
when the Arab shepherds go there and live in tents. If the entomolo-
gist would do likewise, he might possibly be rewarded by new species.

The Cottage, Bridgend :

September ±th, 1902.

1902.] 281

OYNANDROTETHALMA AFFINIS, Hellw., A GENUS AND SPECIES
OF COLEOPTERA NEW TO BRITAIN.

BY THE REV. CANON W. W. FOWLER, M.A., D.Sc, F.L.S., P.E.S.

Among some doubtful beetles sent to me to be named for Mr,
W. Holland, of the Hope Museum, Oxford, I found a small insect,
which was evidently new to Britain ; through the kindness of Mr.
Champion and Mr. Gahau 1 have been enabled to identify it as
Gynandrophthahna affinis, Hellw. (collaris, Schrank, nee Fabr.). The
genus Gynandrophthahna of Lacordaire belongs to the CJythrince, and
is placed by Weise (Naturgeschichte der Insecten Deutschlands, vi,
p. 121) between Olythra, Laich., and Ohilotoma, Lac. ; it contains a con-
siderable number of species, seventy-three being enumerated by
Gemminger and Harold ; twenty-four have been found in Europe, and
the others are very widely distributed, having been recorded from
Egypt, Algeria, Sierra Leone, Zanzibar, Cape of Good Hope, Eio
Janeiro, Thibet, and (Singapore, &c.

The following is a description of G. affinis, which appears to
have occurred throughout the greater part of Europe up to Finland,
where it is very rare, according to Lacordaire.

Oblong, subparallel ; head dark, closely and somewhat rugosely punctured with
a strong depression at base ; eyes large and prominent ; antenna? short and stout,
red at base, infuscate towards apex, with joints 5-10 broader than long; prothorax
much broader than head, finely punctured, almost smooth, red, with the central
part broadly dark ; elytra blue or greenish-blue, strongly and more or less irregularly,
in parts somewhat rugosely, punctured ; legs clear orange-red, the anterior pair
being the longest. Long., 2£ — 4 mm.

Mr. Holland's specimen was taken by him at Wychwood, near
Witney, Oxfordshire, on June 18th, 1899 ; the species is said to occur
in Germany from May to July on oak-shoots or in flowers ; super-
ficially, at first sight, it a little resembles Gastrophysa polygoni. The
very short and stout antennae, and the structure of the legs and tarsi
will, however, easily distinguish it from any member of the Chri/so-
melince. The occurrence of the species in the heart of the country
is very interesting, and it is to be hoped that Mr. Holland will be able
to find more examples next year.

Eotherfield Peppard Rectory,

Henley-on-Thames :
November 6th, 1902.

282 [December,

ON THE SPECIFIC IDENTITY OF ACLETOXENUS SYRPHOIDES,
Fbauenf., and G1TONA FORMOSA, Lw.

BY J. E. COLLIN, F.E.S.

Before writing my article upon Acletoxenus syrphoides, Frauenf .,*
which appeared in the January number of this Magazine for the
present year, I applied to the custodian of the collection of Diptera
at the Konigl. Zoologisches Museum at Berlin asking him kindly to
examine the type of Gitona formosa, Lw., and inform me whether it
possessed ocellar bristles, also to compare it with Frauenf eld's remarks
and illustrations in the Yerh. z.-b. Gres. Wien (1868), p. 899, that the
question whether Frauenfeld only redescribed Loew's species, or not,
might be positively settled ; I did not, however, receive an answer to
my enquiries, and had to publish my article leaving the question open.

Since then I have heard from the present custodian, Herr Karl
Grimberg, to whom I am very grateful for the trouble he has taken,
explaining that owing to the death of his predecessor in office my
letter had been mislaid, and giving me the following answers to my
queries : —

The type specimen of Gitona formosa, Lw., has no ocellar

bristles.
The same differences exist between the venation of Gitona

formosa and the other species of Gitona, as are represented by

Frauenfeld's two illustrations.

The venation of Gitona formosa agrees in every particular

with the lower figure representing Acletoxenus, while the upper

figure represents the typical venation of Gitona.

It will thus be seen that the only paragraphs in Loew's descrip-
tion which made both Frauenfeld (in 1868) and myself (ante p. 3)
doubtful of the identity of G. formosa with A. syrphoides are proved
to be inaccurate, and without any hesitation I now sink Frauenfeld's
name as a synonym ; the species is undoubtedly generically distinct
from Gitona, and the references will now read as follows : —

Acletoxenus fokmosus, Lw., Wien, Ent. Monatschr., viii (1864), 366
( Gitona formosa) .
syrphoides, Frauenf., Verb. z.-b. Ges. Wien. xviii (1868),
152, 897; Collin, Ent. Mo. Mag. (2), xiii (1902),
1, pi. I.

6, Harley Street, W. :

November, 1902.

* In this article I refer to the type of Agromyza omata, Mg. ; according to Becker (Zeitschr.
Hymen. Dipt., 1902, 340) this cannot now be traced.

1902.]

283

A NEW INDIAN MICRO-TRICHOPTERON.
BY KENNETH J. MORTON, F.E.S.

Some years ago Mr. McLachlan sent me a (for the family) huge
Indian species of Kgclroptilida, but until quite recently other things
have prevented ine from making more than a cursory examination of
it. My interest in these small Trichoptera having been specially and
strongly revived by working through a large consignment of North
American forms, I have been led to make a thorough overhaul of the
insect in question, and I now submit herewith a description of it.

In size the species exceeds any previously known member of the
family. Notwithstanding this, and also some differences in minor
details (particularly the apparent absence of the ventral lamina) from
the more typical forms of the genus Ithytrichia, I do not consider it
necessary to separate it from that genus in the meantime. In neura-
tion, warts of the head, possession of ocelli, spur formula (0, 3, 4),
the long slender apical joint of the maxillary palpi, it agrees with
that genus, and the appendages are also of a comparatively simple
character.

Ithytrichia violacea, n. sp.
Antennae (mutilated) so far as present, very pale yellow, almost white ; clothing
of head dark brown, paler in the front part between the antennae, where the hairs
become almost dark golden. Palpi whitish. Tarsi pale yellowish-testaceous ; basal
joints of last pair tinged with fuscous : legs otherwise fuscous ; tibiae of last pair
externally with long dense cilise, middle tibiae also ciliated but not so strongly.
Anterior wings very dark brown, probably deep black in life, and somewhat violet
tinted, due to the iridescence of the wing-membrane. A very few snow-white
upright hairs on the wings do not form any pattern or affect their uniformly dark
appearance. Hind-wings almost equally dark, with deep grey fringes.

The appendages of the male viewed from above consist of (1) two large sub-
triangular lobes, which are in reality
the angles of the last dorsal segment.
(2) From between these lobes proceed
two comparatively slender strongly
chitinized rods, apparently united at
the base, and at the apex very slightly
out-turned. (3) Between the rods and
inferior to them is a down-turned pro-
cess, probably hollowed, on or in which
rests, if exserted, the penis : this organ
is (so far as exserted) simple and rod-
like. (4) The large inferior appendages
are united, concave, divergent, with a
deep semicircular excision between
them, outer margin regularly curved,
inner margin oblique in the apical
portion ; at the angle where the oblique
portion joins the circular portion the
membrane is darkened : viewed from
the side these appendages are strongly
upturned.

B

284 [December,

Figs. A and B represent the apex of the abdomen from above and beneath
respectively.

Expanse of wings, <£, 12 mm., $ , 14 mm.

Hab. : Khasias. Three males and one female. (One male
labelled " Khasias," the other examples labelled " Cherra Punji," two
bearing the date vii-94).

One male broken up in working ; the remaining examples in Mr.
McLachlan's collection.

Another Oriental Hydroptilid has been described, Plethus cursi-
tans, Hagen, from Ceylon, but it has nothing to do with the present
species. It possesses 0, 2, 3 spurs, and is a very small insect. (Hy-
droptilia cursitans, Hagen, Verhandl. der z.-b. Ges., Wien, ix, p. 209,
1859; Plethus cursitans, Id., ibid., 1887, pp. 643-5).

13, Blackford Road, Edinburgh :
October, 1902.

NOTE ON ORTHEZIA FLOCCOSA, De Geek.
BY E. ERNEST GREEN, F.E.S., Government Entomologist, Ceylon.

Mr. C. French, Entomologist to the Victorian Department of
Agriculture, has sent me examples of a Coccid found '" on some wet
timber at the 300 feet level, in a mine, in Gippsland, Australia."
A truly remarkable situation in which to find living Coccidcs ! The
insect proves to be Orthezia floccosa, De Geer. European examples
of this species are usually found amongst wet moss or sphagnum.
It is possible that they may feed either on these mosses or upon Algce
associated therewith. These Australian examples may have been
carried down from the surface with the timber used in the mine, and
may have sustained themselves upon such cryptogamic plants during
their sojourn underground. All the species of Orthezia appear to be
able to exist for long periods without food (a characteristic found
also in many Monophlebincs) . These same insects survived the journey
by post from Australia to Ceylon, absolutely without food, and are
still living in the pill-box in which they were received.

In comparing them with European examples of the species, I
noticed a character in O. floccosa which does not appear to have been
remarked before, distinguishing it from all it allies, but associating it
with Ortheziola of Sulc. The tibio-tarsal articulation is absent in all
the legs, and the terminal joint of the antenna is apparently composed
of two fused joints, forming a scape-like termination ; the antenna?

1902.] 285

thus consisting of seven distinct joints as opposed to eight in the
other species. In Ortheziola the number is still further reduced,
three only being apparent. Another remarkable character m floccosa
is the very long basal joint of the antenna.

Signoret ("Essai," p. 424) considered floccosa to be a synonym of
urticce, L. ; but it seems evident to me that he has confused the two
species in his description and figures. Plate xxi, fig. 15, which Sig-
noret suggests (with a query) may be the male larva of urticce, really
represents the adult of floccosa. His drawing correctly shows the
fused tibio-tarsus and long terminal joint to the seven-jointed an-
tenna ; it also indicates the unusually large basal joint.

This is the first record of an Orthezia from the Australasian
region. I have compared the Australian specimens with examples
from Bohemia and England ; they agree with the typical form in
every particular.

With this connecting link it is a question whether Ortheziola should
rank as more than a subgeuus. Another subgenus might be erected
for the species having fused tibio-tarsus with seven-jointed antennae.
I would suggest the name Newsteadia for the proposed subgenus, in
honour of an Entomologist whose valuable papers on Coccidce have
been a feature in the " Entomologist's Monthly Magazine " during
the past decade. Type : D. floccosa, De Gr.

Peradeniya, Ceylon : August, 1902.

Acletuxenus formosus at Cambridge.— -This species lias again occurred here this
summer. I was away from home during the whole of July. On August 4th I
found one on my dressing room window. August 5th, four specimens ; August 10th,
12th, 13th, 14th, 20th, and 21st, one each day; these last ten specimens in the
garden.— F. Jknkinson, 10, Brookside, Cambridge : November 16th, 1902.

Crinopteryx familiella, Feyer., bred in England— In my notes on this species
(Ent. Mo. Mag., 1902, p. 93) I mentioned the oviposition. I have been very pleased
during this month to rear about a score of specimens from eggs laid in my garden
by moths sleeved out on Cistus salvifolius. I devoted most of these to endeavour
to continue the experiment, but the weather has been so wet since they were sleeved
out, that for this reason alone I fear this is the last of them. It is of interest that
even so much can be done with a Micro-Lepidopteron of so definitely Mediterranean
a type.— T. A. Chapman, Betula, Eeigate : October, 1902.

286 [December,

Lyccena Hylas, Esp. (Dory/as, Hiib.), in Britain. — On September 7th of
the present year I had the good fortune to capture a specimen of this species
in the neighbourhood of St. Margaret's Bay, Kent. So similar was this specimen
to a variety of a common species that I was in some danger of allowing it to escape,
and I cannot help thinking that the insect may be of more frequent occurrence with
us than is supposed. — G. O. Sloper, Highworth, Swindon : November, 1902.

With reference to the specimen of Lyccena Hylas captured near here by Mr.
Sloper, it may be well to record that Cooke had the first British specimen. It came
to him in 1863 among a quantity of L. Adonis captured in the Isle of Wight, and
he sold it to Mr. Bond. It was reported (see Zoo!., 8402) that two were taken at
that time, but I never heard what became of the second. Another was stated to
liave been secured in the following year at Brighton -on the day succeeding that
of the capture of L. hcetica - and this also passed into Mr. Bond's hands, but it is
only L. Adonis with unspotted cilia. — Sydney Webb, Dover.

[Lewin, " Insects of Great Britain," figured this species as British under the
name of Hyacinthus ; and upon this the late Mr. Henry Doubleday remarked
(Zool., 8402), " I do not know whether any of Lewin's specimens are now in
existence, but his figures most certainly represent the sexes of L. Dorylas, which
is distinguished from L. Adonis by its paler blue colour slightly tinged with green,
immaculate cilia, and the absence of the two transverse ocelli at the base of the
fore-wings beneath." — C. G. B.]

Acidalia rusticata in Devon. — Between the 1st and 14th of last August I met
with six specimens of this species at Torquay ; they were all in fine order, some
being taken at rest on rustic palings, while others were secured on the wing at dusk,
at which time it has a curious "buzzing" or hovering flight. As A. rusticata site
on a fence with its wings spread out, the insect has a wonderful resemblance to the
excrement of a small bird, and it was when in this position that the species was
first observed. The trees near were mostly privet and lilac, and I am not quite sure
whether there was any elm. The capture of this pretty little Acidalia, for the first
time, has pleased me immensely. — C. Granville Clutterbuck, Lauriston, Denmark
Boad, Gloucester : October 17th, 1902.

Crambus hamellus, Thnb., at Chobham. — Between August 17th and 20th, 1892,
I found this in abundance near Chobham Common. It was, however, confined to a
piece of heather-covered roadside waste of about 60 yards in length, and to the
adjoining moor; on the other side of the road, where there was little or no heather,
it was not to be found. It was very lazy, fluttering gently from one piece of heather
to another, and could be boxed with the greatest ease. If frightened, it tried to
hide itself, and sometimes (though very rarely) settled on a grass stem, but evidently
felt itself at home only on heather {Erica tetralix). Although in excellent condi-
tion on August 20th, it had quite disappeared on the 26th of the same month. —
A. H. Clarke, 109, Warwick Eoad, Earl's Court, S.W. : October 27th, 1902.

Meloe rugosus at Broadstairs. — It was a great pleasure to me this morning to
pick up a specimen of this beetle close to the spot where I had taken two other

1902. j 287

examples in years gone by. The dates of capture are somewhat peculiar : Decem-
ber 1st, 1886, April 25th (approximately), 1896, and now October 18l.li. Probably
the insect emerges in autumn, and reappears in spring after hibernation. — Theodokk
Wood, The Vicarage, Lyford Road, Wandsworth Common : October \V>lh, 1902.

Miscodera arctica, Payk., in Cumberland. — From the known distribution of
this species in the British Isles it seemed an absolute certainty that it must occur
somewhere among the mountains of Cumberland, but I know of no published
record, nor have I taken it myself, although always having it in mind when collecting
among the Lake mountains and the Pennines. I was therefore very pleased to see
a specimen among a number of Coleoptera sent to me for names by Mr. H. Britten
of Great Salkeld, labelled Wan Fell, 108-02. Wan Fell is a low sandstone hill in
South-East Cumberland, and although it ha3 little claim to be considered a moun-
tain when compared with Cross Fell, Scaw Fell, and Skiddaw, it has nevertheless
produced several species usually associated with high districts, e. g., Bembidium
nigricome, Cymindis vaporariorum, Agabus congener, and llydroporus morio. —
Fkank H. Day, Carlisle : October 20th, 1902.

Lcemostenus complanatus, Dej.,at Woolwich. — I find that I captured two speci-
mens of this beetle on October 31st, 1900, under a flower box standing on the
window sill of a house at Woolwich ; only one of them is in my collection, the
other having either been destroyed, or given away as Pristonychus terricola. — E. C.
Bedwell, 25, Ossian Road, Stroud Green : November, 1902.

Lcemophlozus bimaculatus, Payk., near Guildford. — I found a specimen of this
rare species on the downs near Guildford on September 27th, under bark of a felled
beech. The insect has not, I believe, been previously recorded from this part of
Surrey. With it occurred L. ferrugineus, Steph., Silvanus unidentatus, Fabr.,
Ditoma crenata, Fabr. (varying to entirely testaceous), and Litargus bifasciatus,
Fabr. It is just thirty years since I had seen L. bimaculatus alive, under similar
conditions, in the New Forest. — G. C. Champion, Horsell, Woking : Nov. teh, 1902.

Saperda scalaris in Cumberland. — I captured a specimen of this species in
Gelt Wood, near Carlisle, on July 7th, 1900 ; another was found by Mr. H.
Britten in Baron Wood, Armathwaite, on June 22nd, 1902. Stephens, in his
Illustrations, records that several were taken at Cockermouth. — George B. Rout-
ledge, Tarn Lodge, Hcadsnook, Carlisle: November 5th, 1902.

Pogonus luridipennis, Dej., on the Lincolnshire coast. — During the month of
September I received from Mr. C. S. Carter, of Louth, three examples of a Pogonus,
about the size of P. chalceus, but with the coloration of P. luridipennis. Thinking
this might be due to immaturity, I sent one of the specimens to Canon Fowler, who
returned it as without doubt a small example of P. luridipennis. The specimens
were taken in the neighbourhood of Grimsby. It is quite possible, if carefully

288 L December,

looked for, it might be found all along the coast, as P. chalceus is quite common in
many places. — Alfred Thornley, South Loverton Vicarage, Lincoln : November
5th, 1902.

Histeromerus mystacinus, Wesm., in Devonshire. — Three specimens of this rare
parasite were captured by Mr. J. H. Keys on August 14th, 1901, while hunting
for beetles in a decayed oak tree in the valley of the river Tavy, between Lady
Virtuous and Lady Bertha mines. He very kindly presented them to me, and on
referring to Marshall's Monograph of the Braconida, I observed that its history
was unknown, and that no record of any British captures had been made, although
two specimens were in Marshall's collection, and were given to him by Mr. Ward,
and supposed to be taken in or near London. On reading this I arranged with my
friend Keys to visit the tree together, which we did on August 24th, and found the
beetle Sinodendron cylindricum, Linn., in all its stages ; and, still better, found
three larvae, each surrounded by about a dozen parasitic larva;, apparently full-fed ;
they were brought home, but they could not stand their disturbance. — Gr. C.
Bignell, Saltash : November teh, 1902.

Ectopsocus Briggsi, McLach., abundant at Bognor.— Although I have collected
Psocids for the last twenty years, until last week I was unaware of the existence of
this species, at which date Mr. C. A. Briggs, of Lynmouth, its discoverer, kindly
sent me specimens. I was, therefore, naturally much surprised to find on Saturday
last, November 1st, that it was in abundance in my own garden at Bognor, Sussex,
in larval, nymphal, and imaginal states on the under-sides of fallen leaves of the
North American poplar, in which situation it appears to be feeding on a fungus.
Its occurrence at a time when collecting among damp leaves is not over pleasant is
no doubt the reason of my not having observed it before. It would be interesting
if other observers would communicate the result of their investigations in similar
localities, for the purpose of ascertaining its distribution. — H. L. F. G-ueemonprez,
Dalkeith, Bognor, Sussex : November Wth, 1902.

Hibernation of Dragon-flies. — With reference to Mr. McLachlan'e note in the
November number of the Ent. Mo. Mag. (p. 265), I may mention that Mr. Lucas,
in his " British Dragon-flics," p. 260, writing of Pyrrhosoma nymphula, Sulz., says,
"In early seasons P. nymphula appears in April, the earliest date noted being
April 29th," &c. Many years ago I remember taking a specimen myself in April
at Burgess Hill, Sussex. I have no note of the exact date, but think it was early
in the month. Perhaps this species hibernates as well as Sympycna fusca. — W. F.
Kibby, Natural History Museum, South Kensington : October 30th, 1902.

[But if Mr. Kirby will refer to the same work, p. 258, he will find that Mr.
Lucas once bred P. nymphula from the nymph on April 27th. — K. McLachlan].

(©bituarg.

Dr. Joseph Kriechbaumer was born at Tegernsee in Bavaria on March 21st
(Hagen, Bibl. Entomol., says March 13th), 1819, and died at Munich on May 2nd,
1902. He qualified for the medical profession at Munich, but apparently never

1902.] 289

practised, and for some years was engaged in teaching Natural History. In 1844 -
he obtained an appointment in the Cantonal School at Chur in Switzerland, re-
mained there nine years, and in 1853 returned to Munich ; in 1859 he was appointed
Assistant in the Zoological State Museum in that city, and eventually (after filling
intermediate positions) Second Curator in 1898. His earlier entomological writings
were on Coleoptera (his " Inaugural Dissertation " was on the Cerambycidce of
Munich), and during his long life he also published on Diptera and other insects ;
but it was in Hymenoptera that he made himself best known ; on these he was
looked up to as an authority, and it was especially the Ichneumonidee that attracted
him most ; in this difficult group his name will go down to posterity as one of its
most earnest and conscientious students.

Homer Franklin Bassett, a diligent student of North American Galls and
Gall-flies, was born at Florida (Mass.) on September 2nd, 1826, and diod at Water-
bury (Conn.) on June 28th, 1902. After completing his education he appears to
have occupied various positions, and to have been to some extent a good example of
the adaptability of " our American cousins " — farmer, schoolmaster, and insurance
and estate agent. But in 1872 he was appointed Librarian to the Bronson Library
in Waterbury, a post in strict accordance with his predilections, and which he held
until 1901, much to the advantage of the Library. He did much good work in
Cynipidm and other gall-flies, and a short time ago presented his collection to
the American Entomological Society. We are indebted to our contemporary,
" Entomological News," for most of the information in this short notice.

Br. Pierre Jules Tosquinet, President of the Entomological Society of Belgium.
We regret to announce the death of Dr. Tosquinet at Saint-Gilles, a suburb of
Brussels, on October 28th last. He was born at Bastogne, in the Province of
Luxembourg, on February 16th, 1824, and was thus in his 79th year. He entered the
medical service of the Belgian army, and was formerly surgeon to the 2nd line
regiment, eventually becoming Military Inspector General for Health, from which
post he had retired ; he was also President of the Central State Commission for
Vaccination. He was elected into the Entomological Society of Belgium on Octo-
ber 5th, 1872, and, having been Vice-President, became President, and was in his
second year of office at the time of his death. It was probably somewhat late in
life when his attention beeame seriously concentrated on entomological studies.
He devoted himself to parasitic Hymenoptera, especially Ichneumonidce, and acquired
wide knowledge of the group and considerable materials. But he published little,
although several communications from him are to be found in the later volumes of
the Annales Soc. Ent. Belg. ; in that Society he took the warmest interest, and was
greatly esteemed by his colleagues. He leaves a widow, son, and three grand-
children to deplore his loss. His entomological compatriots will no doubt publish
fuller details of his career than we are able to do here.

Societies.

Birmingham Entomolooical Society: September 152//, 1902. — Mr. R. C.
Bradley in the Chair.

Mr. G. W. Wynn showed various Lepidoptera, including Protoparce convol-

290 [December,

vuli, L., taken at Hampton-in-Arden, September 28th, 1901 ; series of Cymatophora
duplaris, L., from Wyre Forest, Sutton, and Hay Woods, near Knowle ; those from
Wyre (a long series) were typical, with well-defined transverse markings, and quite
pale median bands, whilst those from Sutton and Hay Woods were all dark, and
approaching a unicolorous, character the pale markings practically gone, and the
dark ones indistinct, one dark band beyond the middle being fairly distinct, and
the others quite faint ; he said others he had from Tamworth were also of this dark
form, and he suggested that it might be due to the neighbourhood of Birmingham
of those three localities ; also a fine variety of Xanthia lutea, Strom (silago, Hb.),
from Hampton-in-Arden, which showed a broad intensified median band, and an
intensified costal spot near the base of the wings, and practically no other markings,
the small spots being absent ; also Cymatophora octogesima, Hb., and other insects
from Wyre Forest. Mr. A. H. Martineau, Volueella inanis, L., from Littleham,
South Devon, where it was taken on rubus bloom on August 6th, 1902. Mr. J. T.
Fountain, five Choerocampa elpenor, L., bred from larva found near Shirley in
1901 ; also a series of SpiJosoma menthastri, Fsp., bred from a nearly unicolorous
female : a few resembled the parent, and these he said were the first to emerge.
Mr. Bradley, Aculeata taken at Barmouth this year : Agenia variegata, L., a good
series of both sexes, taken in June and August ; and Sapyga o-punctata, F.,a series
with one male only, taken in June ; both species must have been common, but were
hard to take. Mr. Colbran J. Wainwright, rare Tachinidce, Parexoresta jimbriata,
Meig., (?, from Tan-y-bwlch, North Wales, 1901, and Phytomyplera nitidiventris,
Edi., from Bournemouth, 1901, both taken by Mr. Bradley ; he said the last named
appeared to be new to Britain. Mr. W. H. Flint, the following Lepidoptera :
Drymonia chaonea, Hb., a fine bred one from the Forest of Dean district ; Noto-
donta trepida, Esp., found at Kingswood, just emerged ; Larentia cueullata, Hufn.
(sinuata), and Acidalia rubiginata, Hufn. (rubricata, F.), one of each from South
Devon, between Marychurch and Newton Abbot ; also three very fine varieties of
Larentia sordidata, F. (elutata, Hb.), from the Forest of Dean, which showed a
broad, pale, median band, with a dark, broad, hind marginal band, and a broad dark
band before the median pale one ; also Sesia chrysidiformis, Esp., and S. ichneu-
moniformis (S. V.), F., from the Forest of Dean district ; of the latter he showed a
fine series, and said that he had traced it to its head quarters, where he found it
flying commonly over trefoils and other low growing flowers ; he could have taken
two dozen a day easily ; also a fine specimen of Lyecena semiargus, Rott. (Acis,
Schiff.), $ , which he took at Wolvey, in Leicestershire, in 1896; he did not re-
cognise it till he got it home, but it is in fine condition and unmistakeable ; also a
specimen of Argiades comma, L., said to have been taken in Warwickshire, near
Stoneleigh, but needing confirmation.— Colbean J. Wainweigut, lion. Sec.

Lancashibe and Cheshiee Entomological Society. — The Opening
Meeting of the Winter Session, held on October 13th in the Royal Institution,
Liverpool, was largely attended. In the unavoidable absence of the President,
Mr. S. J. Capper, Dr. John Cotton, F.E.S., occupied the Chair.

Messrs. Oscar Whittaker, of Bolton ; James Roland Charnley, F.E.S., of Pres-

1902.] 291

ton; A. G-. Wallington, of Warrington ; John Lea and J. Jcrvis Richardson, of
Liverpool ; were elected Members of the Society.

It was unanimously decided to hold the next Meeting in Liverpool on No-
vember 10th, and that a Meeting be held in Warrington on December 8th, provided
the Secretaries were able to make all necessary arrangements for the same.

A large and interesting display of insects was shown by Members, amongst the
more striking being the following : — Fine series of Lepidoptera captured during 1902
by Dr. J. Cotton on Simonswood Moss, and in North Devon ; in exhibiting which
he gave much valuable information regarding the method employed in the taking of
Notodonta dictaoides. Captures at the Delamore Field Meeting by Mr. F. N.
Pierce, F.E.S. (Liverpool), included excellent specimens of the local Tephrosia
biundularia, var. delamerensis, Cidaria corylata, Thera variata, and other moths.
Mr. C. F. Johnson's (Stockport) very fine black varieties of Zygcena Minos were
much admired, as was also the valuable collection of British Coleoptera of Mr. J.
R. le Brockton Tomlin, F.E.S. (Chester), containing as it did amongst other scarce
species series of recent captures of Mydrovatus clypeatus, a water beetle of
which very few had been taken during recent years ; Elater miniatus, E.
lythropterus, and E. sanguinolentus ; Anthaxia nitidula, Agrilus biguttatus, and
Cryptocephalus sexpunctatus, from the New Forest ; PhoupJirenus hemipterus from
Southampton ; and the beautiful longicorn Saperda scalaris from Sherwood.
Another Coleopterous exhibit was Dr. G. W. Chaster's (South port) fine display of
recent captures in the Southport district, which included many unique additions to
the Lancashire County List. Of the many species shown by him perhaps the fol-
lowing attracted most attention, Medon obsoletus, Thinobius brevipennis, Pseudopsis
sulcata, Anisotoma furva and A. eiliaris, the extremely local Ammoecitts brevis,
Mgialia rufa, Telephorus Darwinianv.s, Oymnetron collinus and O. linariee, and
Ceuthorrhynckus euphorbia. Mr. J. T. Wardley (Knotty Ash) exhibited a case of
Cossus ligniperda bred form Formby larvae ; and Mr. Oulton Harrison (Waventree),
on behalf of Rev. T. Eddrup, a box of Emmetica cervinata from Bremhill, Wilts,
kindly sent for distribution. Among the many interesting features of Mr. R.
Tait's (Manchester) exhibit were fine varieties of Boarmia repandata ; some rosy
forms of Agrotis agathina ; a beautiful series of A. ripce from Cumberland, and
bred varieties of Acidalia eontiguaria. including two unique aberrations. Mr. J.
Roland Charnley, F.E.S. (Preston), showed a fine male Chrysophanus dispar— the
" Large Copper " — an insect now probably extinct ; his recently published little
brochure on this beautiful butterfly served to still further enhance the value of this
exhibit ; a box of jumping beans from Mr. Charnley also received attention. Mr.
J. Collins' (Warrington) contribution included long bred series of Eupithecia debi-
liata from Stafford, Crambus tearringtonellus, C. hamellus, from Lancashire mosses,
Lithosia sericea and Exceretia Allisella ; whilst Mr. H. B. Prince's (Birkenhead)
extensive display contained amongst other notable insects a remarkably fine series
of Erebia Cassiope. Another attractive exhibit was that of Mr. B. Crabtree, F.E.S.
(Manchester), whose long s«ries of the Large Heath butterfly, Ccsnonympha Typhon
(Davus), var. Eothliebi, was arranged to show the extreme range of variation in the
under-side. Mr. W. Raeper's (Levenshulme) Scotch captures during the present
season including many interesting moths ; whilst Mr. J. Grervis Richardson's Exotic

292 [December, 1902.

Lepidoptera, Intomeris Io reared this season, and a series of beautifully produced
photographs of British Lepidopterous larvae, found many admirers. Mr. E. J. B.
Sopp, F.R.Met.S. (Birkdale), a collection of Palaearctic and Exotic Forficulidce,
which included representatives of our giant Christchurch earwig, Labidura riparia,
Anisolabis mauritanica, from Tunis, Spongiphora croceipennis (Herminieri) from
Espirito Santo (Brazil), Chelidura Bolivari, from Castile, Apterygida japonica,
from Japan, and Forficula pubescens, a southern European earwig recently taken at
Colchester by Mr. Harwood.— E. J. Buegess Sopp, Hon. Secretary.

Entomological Society of London : October 15th, 1902. — Prof. Edwabd
B. Potjlton, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.S., Vice-President, in the Chair.

Mr. A. J. Chitty exhibited an entirely black specimen of Metcecus paradoxus as
tending to disprove the mimicry suggested by him at the meeting on Oct. 1st. Dr.
Chapman said that in his experience one out of every six specimens of this species
was black. Mr. Donisthorpe stated that out of about one hundred specimens he
had never caught or bred a black Metcecus. Mr. E. P. Picket, a yariety of the
female of Argynnis Agtaia, varieties of Satyrus Janira,&nd a long series of Lyccena
Corydon taken near Folkestone and Dover in August last, including four males of the
the last named species, with black band on the edge of the fore-wings much deeper
than usual ; also twelve dwarf male specimens of this species, four dwarf females,
and many other aberrant forms. Mr. Goss said this dwarf form of L. Corydon
occurred constantly, according to Mr. Sydney Webb, in one valley about two miles
oast of Dover, but he was unaware of its regular occurrence elsewhere in this
country ; he remarked that a dwarf form of L. Arion occurred everywhere where
the type was found, both in Gloucestershire and Cornwall. Prof. Poulton, Dr.
Chapman, and Mr. Sloper also remarked on the dwarf form of L. Corydon. Dr.
Chapman, specimens of Notodonta {Hybocampa) dryinops, Lower, from Queens-
land, sent to him under this name by Mr. F. Dodd ; it was remarkably similar in
appearance, structure, and habits to Hybocampa Milhauseri ; he stated that the
pupa with a similar spine to that of H. Milhauseri does not cut out a regular oval
lid from the cocoon like that species, but by a stabbing process pierces it with a
number of holes, so that a piece is more easily pushed off. The cocoon being
covered with bits of bark, stone, &c., a cutting process would be impossible, whereas
the cocoon of H. Milhauseri was of pure gum-like silk ; he pointed out that the
larva much resembled that of H. Milhauseri, but the hinder segments were more
like those of Stauropusfagi ; also living eggs, larvae and imagines of Orina tristis,
var. smaragdina, from Pino, Maggiore ; the beetles were taken on May 30th, and
had laid many eggs. Dr. Chapman said that the embryo, ready to hatch, might be
seen within some of the eggs, and its hatching spines observed. Mr. Sloper, a
specimen of Lycana Hylas, caught at Dover on September 7th last. Mr. Martin
Jacoby communicated a paper, entitled, " A further Conti'ibution to our knowledge
of African Phytophagous Coleoptera." Mr. Malcolm Burr read a communication
from Hofrath Dr. Carl Brunner Von Wattenwyl, entitled, " Observations sur le
nom generique Acrida." — H. Goss, Hon. Secretary.

END OF VOL. XIII (Second Series).

INDEX.

PAGE

Contributors i

General Index ii

Special Index—

Coleoptera ix

Diptera x

Hemiptera xi

Hymenoptera xii

Lepidoptcra xiii

PAGE

Special Index (continued)—

Neuroptera xiv

Orthoptera xiv

Genera and Species new to Science xv

,, ,, ,, ,, „ Britain . ... xvi

Explanation of Plates xvi

Erratbm xvi

INDEX TO CONTRIBUTORS.

Adams, P. C, P.Z.S 84,110

Andrews, H. W., F.E.S 7

Annandale, Nelson, B.A 263

Bailey, J. Harold, M.B 133, 178, 219, 238

Bankes, Eustace R., M.A., F.E.S. ... 222, 229,
245, 246, 264

Barnes, W 265

Barraud, P. J 243

Barrett, C. G., F.E.S. . 79, 123, 184, 245, 263

Barrett (Miss), Frances 123

Beare, Prof. T. Hudson, B.Sc, F.R.S.E., &c.

8, 9, 132, 179, 241, 242

Bedwell, E. C, F.E.S 263,287

Bergroth, Dr. E., C.M.Z.S 258

Bignell, G. C, F.E.S 288

Birch, F 15,43,137

Bloomfield, Rev. E. N., M.A., F.E.S 6, 9

Boyd, W. C 112,265

Bradley, R. C 85,160,267

Butler, E. A., B.A., P.E.S 220, 248

Campbell-Taylor, J. E 184

Calvert, P. P., PhD 29

Carter, A. E. J 113

Champion, G. C, F.Z.S 88, 112, 134,

219, 287

Chapman, T. A., M.D., F.Z.S 93, 111, 285

Charbonnier, H. J 10

Chitty, A. J., M.A., F.E.S. ...66, 73, 86, 182,

219

Clarke, A. H., F.E.S 286

Clutterbuck, C. G 286

Cockerell, Prof. T. D. A., F.Z.S 86, 182

Collin, J. E., F.E.S 1,55,69,282

Connold, E., F.E.S 256

Cottam, Arthur 268

Cruttvvell, Rev. Canon, M.A., F.E.S 244

PAGE

Dale, C. W., F.E.S 37, 76, 107, 157

Day, F. H 268, 287

Distant, W. L., F.E.S 247

Durrant, J. Hartley, F.E.S. ...28, 84, 87, 88,

163

Eaton, Rev. A. E., M.A., F.E.S 132, 160

Edwards, J., F.E.S 5, 181,215,240

Elliott, E. A., F.E.S 131, 220

Embleton (Miss), Alice L, B.Sc 132

Esam, W 38

Fowler, Rev. Canon W. W., M.A., D.Sc,

F.L.S....268, 269, 281
Gorham, Rev. H. S., F.Z.S 205

Goss, Herbert, F.L.S.

66, 72, 139, 220,
274, 292

Green, E. Ernest, F.E.S 214,219,232,

260, 284

Greene, Rev. Joseph, M.A., F.E.S. ...112, 113

Guermonprez, H. L. F. 288

Halliday, E 66

Hamm, A. H 266

Hampson, Sir G. F., Bart., 15. A., F.Z.S .. 221

Harwood, B. S 66, 266

Jeffrey, W. R 67

Jenkinson, F., M.A 285

Jennings, F. B., F.E.S 39, 179, 224, 268

Johnson, Rev. W. F., M.A., F.E.S 218

Joy, Norman H., M.R.C.S., F.E.S 179

Kemp, Stanley W., F.E.S 177,216,241

Keys, James H., F.E.S 147,268

King, J. J. F. X., F.E.S 186

Kirby, W. P., F.L.S 288

Knaggs, H. G., M.D., F.L.S 68

Longstaff, G. B., M.D., F.R.C.P 19

McLachlan, R., F.R.S., &c. 33, 87, 112, 129,
148, 176, 185, 212, 234, 235, 248, 265

PAGE

Malloch, J. R 161

Marshall, G. A. K., F.E.S 46

Mathew, G. F., R.N., F.L.S. .. 220, 231, 247,

264

Merrifield, F., F.E.S 270

Meyrick, E., B.A., F.Z.S 60, 68, 103. 173,

217, 222

Morice, Rev. F. D., M.A., F.E.S. ...51, 81, 83,
104, 158, 170, 171, 184, 207, 223

Morley, Claude, F.E.S. .. 4, 51, 118, 173, 249,

254

Morton, Kenneth J., F.E.S 10, 34, 150,

255, 283

Nevinson, E. B., F.E.S 11

Newhery, E. A 65,86,253

Nicholl (Mrs.), Mary de la B., F.E.S. ... 274

Osten Sacken, Baron C. R., Ph.D.,

Hon. F.E.S. .172,204,228

Poiritt, G. T., F.L.S 213, 221, 264

Piout, L. B., F.E.S 87,263

Reid, Percy 0., F.E.S 221,222

Reuter, Prof. 0. M 102

Richardson, N. M., B.A., F.E.S 13

Robson, J. E., F.E S 67

Rothschild, Hon. N. C, M.A., E.E.S. . 225

Routledge, G. B., F.E.S 287

Rowland-Brown, H., M.A., F.E.S .19, 46, 72,
93, 118, 139, 162, 189, 274

Saunders, E., F.R.S., &c. .. 51, 100, 140, 159,

223, 242

PAGB

Sharp, D., M.B., M.A., F.R.S....8, 61, 88, 218

Sharp, W. E., F.E.S 64

Shaw, Eland, M.R.C.S., F.E.S 264

Sladen, F. W. L., F.E.S 208

Sloper, G. 0., F.E.S 286

Smith, W. W., F.E.S 132, 182, 266

Sopp, E. J. Burgess, F.E.S., &c. ...9, 72, 115,

292

Studd, E. F., M.A., B.C.L., F.E.S 131

Taylor, J. Kidson 180,268

Thompson, M. L , F.E.S Ill

Thornley, Rev. A., M.A., F.L.S 287

Thouless, H.J 80,86

Tuck, W. H., M.A 242

Turner, H. J., F.E.S.. ..16, 17. 44, 72, 92, 116,
138, 187, 252, 273

Verrall, G. H., F.E.S 8, 108

Wainvvright, C. J., F.E.S. .14, 43, 70, 90, 136,
187, 226, 290

Walker, James J., R.N., F.L.S 189

Waller, Rev. A. P., M.A., F.E.S 247

Wallington, A. G 7

Walsingham, Rt. Hon. Lord, M.A., LL.D.

F.R.S....7, 28, 81, 163

Waterfall, W. B 9

Webb, Sydney 286

Wood, Rev. Theodore, F.E.S 287

Worsley-Benison, H. W. S.. F.L.S 113

GENERAL INDEX.

Acanthopsyche atra, L., Dipterous parasite of

Acidalia rusticata in Devon ...

Acletoxenus formosa, Lw., syrphoides, Frauenfeld (Plate i), 1, 282 ; at Cam-
bridge, 285 ; Lyndhurst

Acosmetia caliginosa in the Hebrides

Aden, Three new Lepidoptera from

Aepophilus Bonnairei on the North Devon Coast...

iEschna mixta, Abundance of, in South Devon

Africa, Notes on Lepidoptera from South ...

Agrioninae near Oxford

Algerian Butterflies in February, March, April, 1902 ... ...

Andrena ferox, Sm., other Aculeate Hymenoptera and Stylops melittse, Kirby,
in East Kent, 182 ; The concealed ventral segments and genital armature
of <?

Anosia Plexippus (Danais Archippus), in the Isle of Wight, 1896

Ant, A remarkable instance of deliberation observed in an American ...

Antennal movements in a decapitated Stag Beetle

PAGE
111

286

110
184
175
9
264
123
185
274

171
113
172

242

PAGE

Anthicus scoticus in the Isle of Man ... ... ... ... ... ... 133

Antipodean Field Notes. I. — New Caledonia, the New Hebrides, and adjacent

Islands 189

Ants displaced by wood-lice in New Zealand ... ... ... 132, 160, 266

Apatania, Females of Arctic and Northern species of, Plate iii, 150; muliebris,

McL., in Lanarkshire ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 10

Apis mellifica, A scent-producing organ in the abdomen of ... ... ... 208

Aporia cratsegi in Britain, Historical Notes on ... ... ... ... ... 157

Argyresthia Atmoriella, Bnks., On the flight time of ... ... ... ... 215

Astatus, Two new palaearctie species of ... ... ... ... ... ... 104

Atherix crassipes, Mg., Re-occurrence of ... ... ... ... ... ... 7

Atomoscelis pilosulus, Uhler, in Arizona ... ... ... ... ... ... 182

Bagous lutosus, a British insect ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 240

Bamboo Coccids in Algeria ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 86

Bembidium argenteolum, Ahr., at Lough Neagh ... ... ... ... ... 218

Berkshire, Hymenoptera near Wellington College ... ... ... ... 265

Blaps mortisaga : a correction ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 88

British Museum collection of British Lepidoptera ... ... ... ... 221

Brittany, St. Briac, Hymenoptera Aculeata of ... ... ... ... ... MO

Byblia G-otzius, Herbst, On the specific value of ... ... ... ... ... 46

Carbolic acid as a preventive of mildew and preserver of collections ... 68, 88

Castelnau Collection ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8

Catoptria ulicetana, Hw., Albinic aberration of ... ... ... ... ... 246

Ceropales variegatus, F., at Woking ... ... ... ... ... ... 223

Ceuthorrhynchidius Dawsoni, Bris., in the Isle of Man, 178 ; mixtus, Muls.

and Rey, near Woking ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 134

Ceylon, Aquatic Orthoptera in ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 214

Channel Islands, Hymenoptera Aculeata of ... ... ... ... ... 140

Chrysochlamys ruficornis, F., in the New Forest ... ... ... ... ...110

Chrysopa tenella, A dwarfed example of ... ... ... ... ... ... 248

Cicadine new to Britain ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 215

Cicadina (Stictocoris flaveola), An additional British species of... ... ... 5

Cionus luctuosus, Boh., at Tenerife... ... ... ... ... 220

Cissites Debeyi, Fairm., Early stages of the Meloid beetle ... ... ... 232

Cleodora cytisella, Curt., at Hastings, Occurrence of the larvfe of ... ... 256

Coccidse, three new genera from Ceylon ... ... ... ... ... ... 260

Coccids, Bamboo, in Algeria ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 86

Ccenonympha Pamphilus, An albinic variety of ... .. ... ... ... 245

Coleophora milvipennis, Zell., new to Britain ... ... ... ... 79

Coleoptera in East Kent, 1901, 73 ; in a Berwickshire M ss,242 ; of the Brent
Valley, 1901, 64 ; at Briton Ferry, S. Wales, 8 ; at Cromer, 9 ; from East
Kent, 219 ; at Greenhithe and Charing, Kent, 179 ; &c, in the neighbour-
hood of Hastings, 38 ; in Ireland during May and June, 1902, 177 ; in

Miller's Dale, 180 ; at Rannoch, 179 ; &c, at Woking 219

Coremia didymata, The hibernating stage of 87

Cornwall, Hymenoptera Aculeata at Newquay, 11 ; Triehoptera from ... 112, 265

Corsica, New Micro-Lepidoptera from ... ... ... ... ... ... 81

Crabro interruptus storing Ogcodes gibbosus 205

PAGE

Crambus fascelinellus at Dovercourt, 247 ; hamellus at Chobham ... ... 286

Crinopteryx familiella de Peyerinihoff , 93 ; bred in England 285

Cryptophilus integer, Heer, in London ... ... ... ... 88

Ctenopbora flaveolata, F., in the New Forest 270

Dasypolia templi near Halifax, Abundance of ... ... ... ... ... 66

Derbyshire, Coleoptera in Miller's Dale ... ... ... ... ... ■•■ 180

Devon, Lepidoptera at Morthoe, 19 ; Neuropterous fauna of Eastern-South ... 235
DianthoBcia carpophaga, The white variety of ... ... ... ... ■•• 221

Diastictus vulneratus, Sturm, an addition to the British list, 253 ; Supple-
mentary note on... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 254

Diptera (Fam. Borboridse), four new species found in Britain, 55 ; in the New
Forest, 1901, 84; List of British, 2nd Ed., 8 ; Notes and queries on, 107,
108 ; On a distinctive character of the Itnagos of the Sub-orders, Orthor-
rhapha brachycei'a and Cyclorrhapha athericera, 228 ; The position of

Phora in the System 204

Dipterous parasite of Acanthopsyche atra, L. (opacella, II. -S.) ... ... ... Ill

Dragon-flies and other Neuroptera in the New Forest. 213 ; hibernating ... 288
Ectopsocus Briggsi, McLach., at Bognor ... ... ... ... ... ... -88

Egg-laying of Nonagria sparganii ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 67

Ellampus truncatus, Dahlb., confirmed as British ... ... ... ... 170

Encyrti wanted ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 132

Essex, Aculeates at Colchester, in 1902 ... ... ... ... ... ... 266

Eucera longicornis, Linn., The identity of. .. ... ... ... ... ... 159

Eupithecia dorlonoata, Notes on the larva; of, 231 ; innotata at Ahlcburgh ... 247
Fiorinia Sulcii, Newstcad, in France ... ... ... ... ... ... 86

Fleas, New British 225

Formica exsecta in South Devon, 266 ; sanguinea, A nest of, and other Hy-

menoptera near Wellington College ... ... ... ... ... ... 265

France, New Micro-Lepidoptera from ... ... ... ... ... ... 81

Galls of Oligotrophia annulipes ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8

Gelechiadse, A new genus of... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 103

Gerrida1, On the thorax of ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 258

Gnorimus nobilis near London ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 268

Gynandrophthalma aflinis, Hcllw., a genus and species of Coleoptera new to

Britain 281

Hedychrum rutilans, Dhlb., and H. fervidum, Sin., nee F. ... ... ... 83

Hemiptera-Heteroptera from Spain, two new species ... ... ... ... 102

Hepialus humuli in the Faerbe Islands ... ... ... ... ... ... 263

Hister merdarius, A colony of ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 268

Histeromerus mystacinus, Wesm., in Devonshire... ... ... ... ... 288

Holocentropus picicornis, Steph. (Trichoptera), A black variety from S. W.

Ireland ... ... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 112

Homalota liturata, Steph., On the pairing of ... ... ... ... ... 181

Hydradephaga at Askham Bog ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 132

Hyetodesia vagans, Fin., confirmed as British ... .. ... ... ... 85

Hymenoptera Aculeata at Colchester in 1902, 266 ; at Criccieth, Lyndhurst,
and Newquay, 11 ; in East Kent, 73 ; near Hay ward's Heath, 223 ; col-
lected by Col. Yerbury in S. W. Ireland, 51 ; of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney,
and St. Briac, Brittany, 140; in North Wales in 1902 267

V. 1
PAGE

Icerya seychellarum, Westw., in South Africa ... ... ... ... ... 86

Ichnoumonidae of Ihe older British Authors ... ... ... ... ... 118

Ichneumons, Recorded localities for British ... ... ... ... ... 249

Ireland, Coleoptera in, 177 ; Hymenoptera collected in the South- West of ... 51

Ischnura pumilio in Ireland ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 186

Kent, Andrena ferox and other Aculeate Hymenoptera and Sty lops melittae,
Kirb., in, 182 ; Coleoptera from, 219 ; at Greenhithe and Charing, 179 ;

Coleoptera and Hymenoptera in East... ... ... ... ... ... 73

Lac de Joux (Swiss Jura), Psocidoa from ... ... ... ... ... ... 176

Laemophlceus bimaculatus near Guildford... ... ... ... ... ••• 287

Laemostenus complanatus, Dej., at Plymouth, 268 ; at Woolwich, 287 ; in Ire-
land, an addition to the British fauna, 216 ; a British insect ... ... 241

Larvae of Cleodora cytisella, 256 ; Sphinx con volvuli in Northumberland ... 67

Lasiosomus enervis, H.-S., near Doddington, Kent ... ... ... ... 66

Lathrobium atripalpe, 88 ; and other Coleoptera in N. Yorkshire ... ... Ill

Lepidoptera in Algeria (Butterflies), 274 ; from Aden, Three new, 175 ; in the
Montreux district, 243 ; at Morthoe, N. Devon, 19 ; in the New Forest,
June, 1902, 221 ; in Suffolk, 1901, 6 ; in Tenerife, Winter Butterflies,
131 ; in Wilts, 222 ; Notes on South African, 123 ; The National Col-
lection of British ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 160

Leptinus testaceus, &c, near Bradfield, Gnorimus nobilis near Towcester, and

Meloe brevicollis from South Devon ... ... ... ... ... ••• 179

Lestes Dryas, Kirb. (nympha, Selys), in Lincolnshire ... ... ... ••• 264

Leucania albipuncta in Suffolk, 263 ; favicolor, Barrt. ... ... ... ••• 220

Leuctra, The British species of ... ... ... ... •■• ••• ••• 255

Limnichini (Coleoptera, Fam. Byrrhidae), Descriptions of Oriental ... ... 61

Limotettix stactogala, Am., 215 ; Additional localities for 248

Lipopterna cervi, Habits of ... ... ... ••• ••• ■•• •■• 68

Lithosia deplana, Esp., On the variation and habits of... ... ... 229, 263

Lopus flavomarginatus, Don., in Blean Wood, and Paragus bicolor at St. Mar-
garet's Bay ... ... ... ... ... •■• ••■ ••• •■• 86

Luperina testacea, Hb., at treacle ... ... ... ... ■■■ ••• ••• 222

Lycaena Acis in Britain, Historical Notes on, 76, 112 ; Arion,&c, in Cornwall,
220 ; Corydon, A small form of, in Oxfordshire, 244 ; Hylae, Esp., in

Britain 286

Macrophya h39matopus, Pz., a British insect ? ... ... ... •■• ••• 207

Macropis labiata, Pz., and fulvipes, F. ... ... ... ... ... ••■ 83

Malaria Committee of the Royal Society, The Report to the ... ... ... 85

Masicera virilis, Rdi., Notes on ... ... ... ... ... ••• ••■ 226

Melanthia albicillata, New food-plant for .. ... ... ... ... ••■ 264

Meloe rugosus, at Broadstairs ... ... ... ... ... ••■ ••• 287

Metallites marginalia, Steph., on birches near Henley-on-Thames 269

Metoecus paradoxus in a nest of Vespa vulgaris 30 feet from the ground ... 242

Microgaster, A new species of ... ... ... ... ... ■•• ■•• 4

Micro-Lepidoptera, New Corsican and French, 81 ; Revision of the Nomen-
clature of ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ■•■ 28, 163

Micropterygidae, An Australian species of ... ... ... ... ••• 60

Micro-Trichopteron, A new Indian ... ... ... ... ... ... 283

Miscodera arctica in Cumberland .. . ... ... ... ... ... ... 287

PAGE

Middlesex, Coleoptera of the Brent Valley ... ... ... 64

Mildew, The efficacy of glacial carbolic acid as a preventive of ... ON, 88

Miris ltevigatus, A melanic aberration of ... ... ... ... ... ... 224

Nabis brevis, Scholtz, and other Hemiptera at Woking .. ... ... ... 269

National Collection of British Lepidoptera ... ... ... ... ... 160

Neineobius Lucina in Glamorganshire ... ... ... ... ... ... 184

Neuroptera in the New Forest, 213 ; in Spain, 33; in North Wales, 34;
Planipennia collected in Central Spain by Dr. T. A. Chapman and Mr.

G. C. Champion in July and August, 19U1 ... ... ... ... ... 129

Neuropterous Fauna of Eastern South Devon ... ... ... ... ... 235

New Forest, Diptera in the, 1901, 84; Dragon-flies and Neuroptera in the,

213; Hymenoptera Aculeata at Lyndhurst, 11 ; Lepidoptera in the ... 221

Newspaper Entomology ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 182

New Zealand, Ants displaced by Woodlice ... ... ... ...132, 16u, 2G6

Noctua plecta, L., in April... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 246

Nomada armata at Colchester ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 66

Nonagria sparganii, Note on the egg laying of ... ... ... ... ... 67

Norfolk, Coleoptera at Cromer ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 9

Nyssia lapponaria, The habits of ... ... ... ... .. ... ... 222

Nyxeophilus corsicus, Marsh., an addition to our fauna, with a description of

the male ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 173

Obituaries : Bassett, Homer Franklin, 289 ; Berg, Prof. Carlos, C.M.Z.S.,
F.E.S., 114; Kriechbaumer, Dr. Joseph, 288 ; May, John
William, F.E.S., 186; Niceville, Charles Lionel Augustus
de, F.E.S., &c, 41 ; Tosquinet, Dr. Pierre Jules, 289 ;
Vivian, Henry Wyndham, M.A., F.E.S., 13 ; Wakefield,

Charles Marcus, J. P., F.L.S., F.E.S 135

Odonata, An Annotated List of, collected in Central Spain by Dr. T. A. Chap-
man and Mr. G. C. Champion in July and August, 1901, 148 ; from the

Chamonix Valley ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 87

Odynerus bifasciatus, L., an addition to the list of British Hymenoptera ... 106

Ogcodes gibbosus stored by Crabro interruptus ... ... ... ... ... 205

Oligotrophus annulipes, The galls of ... ... ... ... ... ... 8

Oinalium septentrionis, Thorns., in Cumberland... ... ... ... ... 268

Ophiodes lunaris in Delamere Forest ... ... ... ... ... ... 7

Orthezia floccosa, D. G. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 284

Orthoptera, Aquatic, in Ceylon, 214 ; at Redhill ... ... ... ... 9

Osmia manicata, Moriee, Note on, with description of the female . ... 81

Osphya bipunctata, F., in East Gloucestershire ... ... ... ... ... 181

Otiorrhynchus blandus, Gyll., in the Isle of Man, 219; ligustici, L., at Mat-
lock, 269 ; tenebrieosus and O. fuseipes ... ... ... ... ... 240

Oxford, Agrioninse near ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 185

Pachyprdtasis antennata : a. correction ... ... ... ... ... ... 184

Panchlora exoleta, Klug (Blattidse), imported into Scotland ... 247

Panolis griseovariegata, Goeze (piniperda), Occurrence of, in June 264

Papilio Machaon at Chippenham Fen, 66 ; at Ely in 1901, 87 ; Historical

Notes on, in England ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 37

Pentatoma fuscispina on the North Essex Coast... ... ... ... 66

Pericoma punctum, Eaton, Concerning Mr. Dale's ... ... ... ... 132

vu.
PAGE

Phacopteryx brevipennis, Ct., On the larval ca*e and habits of ... ... 185

Phlogophora mcticulosa, L., in December ... ... ... ... ... 113

Phora, The position of, in the System of Diptera ... ... ... ... 204

Pogonus luridipennis on the Lincolnshire coast ... ... ... ... ... 287

Porcupine Louse ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 182

Prionocyphon serricornis in Epping Forest ... ... ... ... ... 220

Psainmotis pulveralis, Hb.,in the Isle of Purbeck ... ... ... ... 245

Pseudophlcous Waltlii, H.-S., a species new to the British Fauna ... ... 80

Psocida: from the district of the Lac de Joux (Swiss Jura) ... ... ... 176

Psychopsis, A second African species of, Ps. Marshalli, McLach. ... ... 234

Pterophorida), A new European species of ... ... ... ... ... 217

Quedius obliteratus, Er., confirmed as British ... ... ... ... ... 147

Reviews : " Monograph of the Coccidae of the British Isles :" by K. Newstead,
F. E.S., 12 ; " Handbook of the Natural History of Glasgow and
the West of Scotland," 39 ; " Insect Life : Souvenirs of a Na-
turalist :" by T. H. Fabre, 40 ; " A List of British Diptera, 2nd
Edition:" by G. H. Verrall, 68 ; " Insects Injurious to Staple
Crops:" by E. D.Sanderson, 69; "Die Phoriden :" by Th.
Becker, 69 ; " The Victoria History of the Counties of England :
Surrey," 89 ; " Genera Insectorum," 90 ; "A List of the Hymen-
optera Aeuleata of Lancashire and Cheshire :" by Willoughby
Gardner, F.L.S., &c, 114 ; " First Report of the (Natal) Govern-
ment Entomologist :" by Claude Fuller, 134 ; " The Butterflies
and Moths of Europe:" by W. F. Kirby, F.L.S., 134; "Pro-
ceedings of the South London Entomological and Natural
History Society for 1901," 250 ; " Orchard and Bush-Fruit
Pests, and how to Combat them :" by Cecil Warburton, M.A.,
F.Z.S., 251 ; " A List of the Beetles of Ireland :" by the Rev.
W. F. Johnson, M.A., F.E.S., and J. N. Halbert, 251 ; " A
Natural History of the British Lepidoptera, a Text Book for
Students and Collectors :" by J. W. Tutt, F.E.S., 270; "Second
Report of the (Natal) Government Entomologist, 1901 :" by

Claude Fuller 271

Rhizotrogus ochraceus, Enoch, confirmed as British ... ... ... ... 218

Rhogas circumscriptus, Nees ... ... ... ... •■• ••• ••• 10

Salda c-album and vestita, D. & S. ... ... ... ... ... ... 86

Saperda scalaris, L., at Bretby Park, Derbyshire, 269 ; in Cumberland ... 287

Sawfiies, On two British ... ... ... ... ... ••• ••• ••• 158

Scent producing organ in Apis mellifica ... ... ... ... ■■• ■•• 208

Sciocoris cursitans, F., at Box Hill ... ... ... ... ... ••• 39

Scotland, Coleoptera at Rannoch, 179 ; in a Berwickshire Moss 242

Senta maritima (ulvse), Acidalia emutaria, and Agdistis Bennetti in East

Suffolk 247

Silpha atrata, L., var. subrotundata, Steph., in the Isle of Man ... ... 238

Sirex gigas, L., and juvencus, L., in Herts and Norfolk, 84 ; juvencus, L., in

Paternoster Row, London ... ... ... ..■ .■• ... .■• 112

Societies : Birmingham Entomological Society, 14, 41,70, 90, 135, 187, 289 ;
Entomological Society of London, 17,44,72,92, 116, 138, 161, 188,
273, 291 ; Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society, 14, 42,
70, 114, 136, 290 ; South London Entomological, &c, Society, 15,
43,72,90,115,137,187,252 271

Spain, Neuroptera Planipennia in Central, 129 ; Neuroptera in, 33 ; Two new

species of Hemiptera-Heteroptera
Sphecodes rubicundus, v. Hag., near Ripley and Chobhaui
Sphinx convolvuli, L., at Merton, Norfolk, 1901, 87 ; in Northumberland

Larvae of, 67 ; The pupa of, in England
Stenostola ferrea, Schrank, at Barmouth ...

Stictocoris flaveola, Bohm., an additional species of British Cicadina ...
Straehia oleracea, L., in East Kent, 182 ; picta, probably imported with fruit
Stridulation, Field Notes on...
Stylopid attracted by light ...
Suffolk, Lepidoptera in, 1901
Surrey, Coleoptera, &c, of Esher district, 241 ; at Woking, 219 ; Orthoptera

at Redhill

Some water beetles of the Esher district ...

Sussex, Coleoptera, &c., in the neighbourhood of Hastings, 38 ; Hymenoptera

at Hay ward's Heath
Sympetrum scoticum : does it hibernate ? ...
Tachys parvulus, Dej., at Horsell, 112 ; in the New Forest
Tseniocampa gracilis, var. rufescens, Ckll., in East Dorset
Tenerife, Winter Butterflies in
Tenthredinidse, On two British Sawfiies ...

Thaumatoneura inopinata, McLachlan, On the systematic position of ...
Tinea angustipennis in North-West Kent ...
Triaenodes conspersa, Rbr., commonly in S. Devon
Trichoptera, A few, from Llanfairfechan, 248 ; from West Cornwall, 112, 265 ;

Planipennia and Odonata collected by Lord Walsingham in the vicinity

of Granada, Spain, 33 ; and Pseudo-Neuroptera collected in North Wales

in July, 1901

Trichopteron, A new Indian Micro-

Trigonogenius globulum at Hoylake

Variation in Lithosia deplana, Esp....

Wales, Aculeates in North, 267 ; A few Trichoptera from Llanfairfechan, 248

Coleoptera at Briton Ferry, 8 ; Hymenoptera Aculeata at Criccieth, 11

Neuroptera in
Walsingham Collections

Wasps in Ireland and Berkshire, a specific comparison ...
Water beetles of the Esher district
Wilts, Lepidoptera in
Woodlice displacing Ants in New Zealand ... ... ... 132, 160

Xanthia ocellaris at Ipswich

Xenolechia sethiops in Dumbartonshire

Xylocopa tenuiscapa, Westw., On some parasites of

Yorkshire, Coleoptera in

Zygoptera, Some remarks on the Classification of the Sub-Order

102
184

113
268

5

86

249

219

6

9
241

223
265

65
246
131
158

29
131
212

34

283

9

263

33

7
223
241
222
266
263
161
232
111
29

SPECIAL INDEX.

COLEOPTEBA.

PAGE

Actobius procerulus 65

■Spas marinas 177

Agabus abbreviatus, 133 ; congener, 287 ;

uliginosus, unguicularis 133

Alophus triguttatus 219

Amara consularis, patricia 180

Amphicyllis globus 75

Anaspis Garneysi Ill

Anchomenus quadripunctatus 219

Ancistronycha abdomiualis 179, 180

Antbicus scoticus 133

Autbonomus comari 241

Apion limonii 76

Apoderus coryli 180

Asemum striatum 179

Astyuomus sedilis 179

Atemeles emaiginatus 74

Badister peltatus, 38, 219; unipustula-

tus 38

Bagous cyliudrus, 39 ; lutosus, 240 ; no-

dulosus 39

Barynotus Schonberri 177

Barypeithes sulcifroiis 177

Beuibidiuin affine, 9 ; argenteolum, 178,

218 ; bipunctatum, 65, 178 ; doris,

180,219; nigricorne, 287 ; obliquum,

65, 219; quinquestriatum 180

Bidessus gemiuus 241

Blaps similis 88

Blethisa multipunctata 178

Bolitochara obliqua 242

Brachy tarsus fasciatus 75

Bradycellus placidus 9

Bruchus atomarius, cisti 75

Bytbinus securiger 179

Caccotbryptus compactus (gen. et sp. n.),

Sharp 63

Csenocara bovistee 74

Camopsis fissirostris 38

Callidiuni alni 75

Calodera sethiops 64

Carabus clatbratus, 178 ; monilis, var.

consitus 219

Carpopbilus hemipterus 64

Cetonia floricola 179

Ceutborrhynchidius Dawsoni, 178 ; mix-

tus, 134; versicolor 242

PAGE

Ceutborrhyncbus constrictus, 65 ; seto-

sus 219

Chrysomela Banksi 177

Cillenus lateralis 17H

Cionus luctuosus 220

Claviger foveolatus 74

Clytus mysticus 75

Coelambus confluens, &c, 241 ; decoratus,
133 ; novemlineatus, 178 ; quinque-

lineatus 17s

Cceliodes exiguus 219

Conopalpus testacuus 75

Corymbites impressus, 179 ; tessellatus,

64, 242

Cryptarcha strigata 179

Cryptocephalus biliueatus, 74; bipuncta-
tus, coryli, 179 ; lineola, 180 ; no-
vemlineatus, 178 ; sexpunctatus 74

Cryptopbilus integer 88

Cyphonicus orientalis (sp. n.), Sharp ... . 63

Deronectes assimilis 178

Diastictus vulneratus 253

Diglossa mersa 178

Dorcatoma chrysomelina 65

Dryophilus pusillus in

Dyschirius obscurus, 218 ; politus 8

Dytiscus circumflexus 75

Klater nigrinus 179

Elenchus tenuicornis 219

Euconnus denticornis 219

Eutheia plicata 219

Evsesthetus loeviusculus 64

Gnorimus nobilis 179, 268

Gymnetron beccabungie 242

Gynandrophthalma affinis 281

Gyrinus marinus, opacus, 178 ; minutus, 241

Haemonia appendiculata 178

Hapalarsea pygmasa 64

Hedobia imperialis 75

Hister merdarius 268

Homalota elegantula, 74: fragilis, 111;

liturata, 181; scapularis 95, 219

Homoeusa acuminata 74

Hydaticus semiuiger 241

Hydrophilus piceus 75

Hydroporus lepidus, lineatus, 178 ; morio,
178, 287; oblongus, 133; obscurus,
178, 241 ; marginatus, 38 ; rivalis,
178 ; tristis, 178, 241 ; umbrosus, 133, 241

Hydrothassa marginella 242

Hy pophloeus bicolor 75

Ilybius asnescens, 241 ; guttigur 133

Laccophilus variegatus 39

J annopbloeus biinaculatus 287

Lannostenus complanatus ..216, 241, 268, 287

Lathrobium atripalpe 88, 111

Leptinus testaceus 179

Licinus depressus, silpboides 75

Liodes orbicularis 179

Liparus coronatus 179

Lucauus cervus 242

Lyctus brunneus 65

Lytta vesicatoria 179

Magdalinus carbonarius 242

Malacbius marginellus 75

Malthodes atomus, 179 ; misellus Ill

Mandersia scymnoides (gun. et sp. n.),

Sharp 62

Medon obsolctus 219

Meloe brevicollis, 179 ; rugosus 286

Mctallites niarginatus 269

MutcBcus paradoxus 75, 242

Miscodera arctica 287

Mordella aculeata, fasciata 74

Mordellistena abdorainalis, brunnea 75

Mycetophagus piceus 75

Nobria complauata, 8 ; Gyllunhali, 178 ;

livida 9

Neeropborus interruptus 179

Nitidula rufipes 219

Ocypus fuscatus, similis 219

Odoutaeus inobilicornis 219

Omalium septentrionis 268

Oodes helopioides 9, 38

Opilo mollis 65

Orectochilus villosus 178

Osphya bipunctata 181

Otiorrhynchus auropunctatus, 178 ; blaii-
dus, 219; fuscipes, 240; ligustici,
269; raucus 180

Oxytelus Fairmairei 134

Pachyta cerambyciformis 268

Panaga;us crux-major, 38 ; quadripustu-

latus 180

Pelophila borealis 178,218

Pbiloutbus atratus 65

Pbyllobius viridicollis 180

Pbytcecia cylindrica 75, 179

Phytobius quadrituberculatus 242

Phytosus balticus 178

Pissodes notatus 219

PAGK

Plintbus caliginosus 219

P ogonochaerus fascieulatus 179

Pogonus luridipoiinis 287

Polydrusus chrysomela 178

Prionocyphon serricornis 220

Prognatha quadricornis 64

Pseudostyphlus pilumnus (i-i

Pytho depressus 179

Quedius brevis, 75 ; obliteratus 147

Rhagium indagator 179

llbagonycha uuicolor Ill

Rhantus bistriatus, exoletus 241

Rhinomacer attelaboidea 179

Rbirjoncus deuticolliu 180

Rhinosimus viridipennis 242

Rhizophagus dispar 242

Rhizotrogus ochraceus 218

Rhopalomesites Tardii 178

Rhynchites conicus 75

Salpingus castaneus 179

Sapurda scalaris 269,287

Saprinus maritimus, 178 ; viresccus 179

Sericosomns brunneus 242

Silpha atrata, var. subrotundata, 178, 238 ;

dispar 178,218

Sitones cambricus, 219 ; meliloti 66

Staphylinus pubescens 178

Stenolopbus vespertinus 64

Stenostola ferrea 268

Stcnus palposus 218

Stilicus fragilis 64

Stylops melittas 182, 219

Syntoraium a;iieum 219

Tacbinus scapularis 219

Tachyporus obtusus, var. nitidicollis 178

Tachypus pallipes 9

TacLys parvulus 65, 112

Tachyusa concolor, flavitarsis 66

Telephorus darwinianus, 178 ; lateralis,

65; paludosus, 179; tboracicus ...64,219
Throscus carinifrons 219

Trachypblceus alternans, 180 ; myrmeco-

pbilus 39, 180

Trigonogenius globulum 9

Tropiphorus carinatus, 75 ; mercurialis... 179
Tychius meliloti, 65 ; Schneideri 180

DIPTERA.

Aciura rotundiventris 84

Acletoxenus formosus, syrpboides 1, 110,

282, 286

PAGE

Agromyza ornata 2

A.nom»a antica, perumnda 108

Anopheles Christophersi, Rossi 85

Anthrax fenestrate 206

Athens crassipes 7

Aulacigaster rufitarsis 1

Bibio clavipes 84

Bombylius 53

Borborus hyalipennis, nervosus, 67; niger,
56; nitidus, notabilis, 55; puncti-
pennis, 57 ; Roserl, suillorum 66

Callicera senea 84

Calliprobola speciosa 206

Cecidomyia pictipennis 109

Ceratophyllus Garei, lagoniys, Walkeri... 225

Ceratopogon 109

Ceroinasia sordidisquama, Wulpii 227

Chilosia carbonaria 110

Chirouomus doleus, 109; fuscipenuis, 110;

modicellus, tarsalis 109

Chry sochlamys ruficornis 84, 110

Ctenopbora flaveolata 270

Culex conciunus, 107 ; guttatus 109

Cyclorrliapba athericera 228

Oegeeria muscaria, ornata 226

Didea fasciata 206

Diomyza pulchra 107

Ditomyia fasciata 110

Empis uigritarsis 84, 282

Gitona, 1; formosa 3, 282

Heteroneura albimana 108

Hormomyia piligera 8

Hyalurgus lucidus 110

Hydrophoria fusca 8

Hydrotrea glabricula, parva 8

Hyetodesia vagans 8, 85, 110

Lasioptera rubi 107

Leptomorphus Walkeri 84

Limosina fontiualis, fuscipenuis, genicu-
lata, 69 ; Halidayi, 68 ; limosa, lu-
tosa, mirabilis, roralis, zosterac 69

Lipoptena cervi 68

Mallota cimbiciformis 85,206

Masicera virilis 109,226

Merodon equestris 206

Microdon latifrous 206

Mycetophila lutescens, ornata, zonata ... 108

Mydrca longitarsis 8

Nemorxa rubrica 110

Neottiophilum praeustum 84

Ogcodes gibbosus 205

Oligotrophus annulipes 8

PAGB

Oncomyia atra 84

Oriraarga juvenilis, virgo 108

Orthorrhapba bracbycera 228

Faragus bicolor 86

Pegomyia setaria, tenera 8

Pericouia piiuctiini 108,132

Phasia Rothi 109

Pbora, 204; abdominalis 84

Phorbia humerella, trapi-zoidus 8

Platychirus discimanus 84

Platypeza birticeps 84

Platyura atrata, fasciata 84

Pocota apiformis, personatus 108

Pogonoinyia alpicola, Meadei 8

Scatopse albitarsis 107

Siphona 110

Sphaerocera curvina, 68 ; eximia 57

Stomatomyia filipalpis Ill

Stomphastica flava 84,206

Syrpbus topianus, torvus 110

Therioplectes luridus 110

Typblopsylla agyrtes, assiinilis 108

Uropbora quadrifasciata 84

Xiphura ruficornis 109

Xysta cana 109

Zodion cinereum 84

HEM1PTERA.

Aepophilus Bonnairei 9

Amorphococcus uiesua; (gen. et sp. n.),

Green 261

Anomalococcus cremastogastri (gen. et sp.

n.), Green 261

Corizus maculatus 270

Fiorina Sulcii 86

Geococcus radicans (gen. et sp. u.) 262

Icerya suy cbellaruin 86

Lasiosomus enervis 66

Limotettix stactogala 215, 248

Lopus flavomarginatus 86

Miris laevigatus 224

Mytilaspis bainbusicola 86

>,'abis brevis 269

Nasocoris ephedra; (sp. n.), Beat 103

Odouaspis secretus •• 86

Orthezia (Newsteadia) floccosa 284

Pentatoma fuscispina 66

Piezostethus terricola (sp. n.), Reut 102

m.

PAGE

Pseudophlceus Waltlii 80

Salda c-album, vestita 87

Sciocoris cursitans 39

Stictocoris flaveola 6

Strachia oleracea, 182 ; picta 80

HYMENOPTERA.

Abia candens, sericea 54

Agunia bircana, varicgata 267

Alomyia semiflava 121

Ammophila campestris, 266 ; birsuta,

267; sabulosa 266

Andrena augustior, 76 ; argentata, 260 ;
bimaculata, 11 ; Cetii, 53 ; ferox, 76,
171,182; Hattoifiaiia,207; lapponica,
11; lucens, 267; nigriceps, 11; ni-
veata, 76; proxima, 76, 183 ; similis,
siinillima 11

Anthidium mauicatum 11

Authophora furcata, 11 ; quadrimacu-

lata 11, 146

Apis mellifica 208

Astatus massilieusis (sp. u.), Morice, 106;

pelops (sp. n.), Morice 104

Bembex rostrata 143

Bombus Jonellus, 54 ; Latreillellus, 11,

76; Smithianus 54,140

Calieurgus by alinatus 75, 267

Cerceris arenaria, oruata 266

Ceropales variegatus 223

Coelioxvs acuminata, 11, 53, 70 ; brevis,

146; elongata, 11, 53 ; vectis 11

Colletes fodiens, marginatum, 11 ; mon-

tanus, 53 ; picistigma 11

Crabro cetratus, clavipes, 52 ; dimidiatus,
11,53; interruptus, 205 ; vagus, 11,
53; Saundersi, 144 ; Wesmaeli 11

Diuetus pictus 143

Ecbtbrus 175

Ellampus truucatus 170

Encyrti 132

Eucera longicoruis 159

Formica exsecta, sauguinea 265

Goniocryptus titillator 55

Gorytes biciuctus, 267 ; tumidus 11

Halictus brevicornis, 145 ; hevigatus,
223 ; pauxillus, 76, 145, 223 ; pune-
tatissimus 53

Hedycbium fervidum, rutilans 83

Histeromerus my staciuus 288

Hoplismenus semirufus 123

Hoplisus biciuctus 267

Huberia striata 132

PAGE

[chneumonides 118

Macrophya biEmatopus 207

Macropis fulvipes, labiata 83

Megachile argentata, 11 ; versicolor, 76 ;

Willughbiella 53,76

Melecta luctuosa 11"^

Metboca ichneumon ides 11,265

Microgaster suffolciensis (sp. n.), Morley 4

Myrmosa melaaocephala 11

Noinada armata, 66, 267 ; bifida, flavo-
guttata, 11 ; fucata, 76 ; fuscicoruis,
146; lateralis, obtusifrous, 267 ; Ro-
berjeotiana, 53 ; similis 146

Nyssondimidiatus.il; triinaculatus . 267

Xyxeopliilus corsicus 173

Odynerus bifasciatus, 1U6 ; gracilis, 267 ;
melanocL'pbalus, 76, 183; reniformis,
267; siuuatus, 53; trimarginatus . 11,53

Osinia aurulenta, 11; leucomelaua, 11,
70, 223 ; nianicata, 81 ; parietina,
pilicornis, xantbomelana 11

Oxybelus mucronatus 11,143,267

Pachyprotasis antennata 158,184

Passaluscus inonilicornis 52

I'bilantbus triangulum 143

Pumpilus approximatus, 11, 267 ; cbaly-
beatus, cinctellus, 11 ; fuinipennis,
142; uiger, 11, 52; pectinipes, 11 ;
pilosellus, 142; rutipes, 11; sex-
maculatus, 142 ; unguicularis 11,52

I'robolus concinnus 54,119

Prosopis brevicornis, 11; confusa, 53, 76;

cornuta, dilatata, 76, 223; Masoni .. 144

Pseudagenia carbouaria 143

Rhogas circumscripta 10,

Salius affinis, pusillus 11

Sapyga 5-punctata 11, 267

Saropoda bimaculata 11

Scbizoloma amicta 55

Scolia quadripuuetata 142

Sirex gigas, 84, 112; juvencus 84

Sphecodes byalinatus, 11 ; longulus, 223;
uigritulus, 144; rubicundus, 11,76;
184; spiuulosa 267

Sphex flavipennis 143

Spilocryptus ornatus 64

Stelis aterrima, pbaaoptera 267

Strougylogaster cingulatus 159

Tachyspbex lativalvis 143

Tentbredo atra 54

Tentbredopsis Coqueberti 54

Tricbiosoma Latreillei 54

Trogus atrocaudatus, dissimulator 121

Vespa austriaca 63, 224

Xylocopa tenuiscapa 232

LEPIDOPTERA.

PAGE

Acalla literana 27

Acbica Lienavdi 128

Acidalia emutaria, 6, 247 ; rusticata, 286 ;

trigevninata 6, 221

Acontia gephyrias (sp. n.), Meyr 175

Acosmetia caliginosa 184

Agdistis Bennettii 247

Agrotis agathina, obelisca, 22 ; ripae ...6,220

Anosia plexippus 113,192

Apamea opbiogramma 6

Apisa canescens 123

Aporia cratregi 157

Arctia villica 6, 22

Arge Oalatbea 25,220

Argyresthia Andereggiella, 28; Atmori-

ella 245

Argyria bolocrossa (sp. n.), Meyr 176

Belenois peristhene 192

Byblia Gotzius 46

Salligenia niiniata 6

f^atoptria ulicetana 246

Oledeobia angustalis 6

Hleodora cytisella 256

lOcenonympba Pamphilus 245

Doleophora milvipennis 79

Horemia didymata, 87 ; quadrifasciata ... 6
Crambns contaminellus, 7 ; fascelin-

ellus, 247 ; haraellus 286

rinoptoryx familiella 93, 285

ucullia absynthii,22; afrinana, chrysota,
consimilis, extricata, Hutchinsoni,

pallidistria, terensis 126

Danais hebridina, petilia 197

Dasycera Oliviella 7

Dasypolia templi 66

De'/ipeia pulcbella 192

Dianthecia carpophaga 221

Dulichia fasciata 125

Erastria deceptoria 244

Eriopus Latreillii 127

Euchromia purpurana 7

Eupitbecia dodoneata, 231 ; innotata 247

Euchloe Belemia, Belia, 276, 277 ; cala-
mines, 244; Cbarlonia, 276, 277;
Eupheno, 279 ; Falloui, Pechi ...275, 277,

280

Surrbipia adulatrix 127

elecbia celerella 7

jrammodes scbematica (sp. n.). Meyr. .. 175

Hadena renisigma, 127 ; suasa 6

Hll.

PAGE

Heliotliis marginata, 6 ; peltigera 23

Hepialus bumuli 263

Hoimeosoma sinuella 7

Holeopogon bubulcellus 81

Hypolimnas Bolina 192

Jamides carissima 195, 202

Leioptilus osteodactylus 7

Leucania albipuneta, 263; favicolor, 220;

unipuncta 22

Leucopbasia sinapis 220

Limacodes testudo 6

Limenitis Sibylla 6

Lithosia deplana 229, 263

Luperina testacea 222

Lycsena Abencerragus, 276, 277 ; Acis, 76,

112 ; Alsus, 244 ; Arion, 220 ; argio-

lus, 6 ; Corydon, 244 ; Hylas, 286 ;

Lysimon, Webbiana 131

Macaria alternata, 221 ; notata 6

Mamestra abjecta 6

Melanchria composita, mutans 182

Melantbia albicillata 264

Melissoblaptes bipunctanus 7

Nemeobius Lucina 184

Nepticula apicella, cryptella, filipendula; 223

Nisoniades Tages 244

Noctua plecta, 246 ; rbomboidea 6

Nonagria spavganii 67

Notodonta chaonia 113

Nyctegretes acbatinella 7

Nyssia lapponaria 222

(Ecophora lunaris 7

Olindia ulmana 7

Ophiodes lunaris 7

Orgyia bistigmigera 125

Ortbosia suspecta 6

Palseomicra calliplaca (sp. n.), Meyr 60

Panolis piniperda 22, 264

Papilio Amyntor, 192; Machaon, 37, 66,

87, 276; Montrouzieri, 191, 201;

Hypsicles 199, 200

Pieris cbeiranthi 131

PbthorimEea operculella 104

Platyptilia leucorrbyncba (sp. n.), Meyr. 217
Plusia circumflexa, exquisita, 126 ; limbi-

rena, 127; moneta, 223; permissa... 126

Polia xanthomysta 122

Porthesia chrysorrbcea 6

Psainmotis pulveralis .. 245

Pseudocbelaria Walsingbarai 28

Pyraraeis cardui 201

XIV.

PAGE

Rhodophrea formosa 7

Rigema ornata 124

Roslerstammia Erxlebella 223

Scodiona belgiaria 221

Scoparia lineola 6

Sesia formicseformis 221

Senta maritima 222, 247

Sphingomorpha chlorea 128

Sphinx convolvuli 25, 67, 87, 113, 182

Spilodes palealis 6

Spilothyrus alcea? 276

Tachyris Ega 192

Tieniocarapa gracilis 246

Tseniopyga sylvana ... .. 125

Teracolus Nouna 275,277, 278, 279

Thais rumina 280

Thecla quercus 6

Thestor Ballus, mauritanicus 276, 280

Tinea angustipennis, 131 ; nigripunetella 7

Trigonodes obstans 127

Trochilium ehrysidiforme 28

Vanessa Antiopa, cardui,25 ; polychloros,

221; urticus 244

Xanthia ocellaris 263

Xenolechia asthiops 161

Xylophasia scolopaeina 6

NEUROPTERA.

Adicella reducta 34, 112, 237, 248

^schna mixta 149, 264

Agrion casrulescens, Lindenii, 150 ; mer-

curiale 87,150,213

Apatania arctica, 153; fimbriata, 154;
muliebris, 10, 153 ; stigmatella,

Wallengreni 153

Asealaphus ictericus 33

Hersea articularis 236

Hubopsis agrioides 33, 130

Chrysopa Genei, 33; tenella 237, 248

Cyrnus flavidus 35

Dilav meridionalis, nevadcnsis 130

Diplectrona felix 35, 112,237

Ectopsocus iiriggsi 238,288

PAGE 1

Gomphus similliraus 34 I

Hemerobius atrifrons, concinnus, 237 ;

quadrifasciatus 36

Ilolocentropus picicornis 112

Hydroptila forcipata, 35, 236; Maclach-

lani, 236; occulta 35

Ischnura Graellsii, 149; pumilio 186, 213

Ithytrichia violacea (sp. n.), Morton 283

Lestes Dryas, 150, 264; virens 150 i

Leuctra albida, geniculata, Handlirschi,

hippopus, Klapdleki, nigra . 256

Limnophilus hirsutus 35,265

Mantispa perla, 130 ; styriaca 33

Megalomus pyraloides 33

Micropterna testacea 33

Myrraeleon nemausiensis 130

Nothochrysa stigmatica 33.

fficetis testacea 35

Oxyethira falcata, 35, 236 ; simplex 35

Palpares hispanus 33,129

Panorpa meridionalis 129

Phacopteryx brevipennis 185

Platycnemis latipes 149

Plectrocnemia brevis, 237 ; geniculata, 34, 112

Polycentropns Kingi 34'

Psychopsis Marshall! (sp. n.), McLacli. ... 234

Pyrrhosoma tenellum 36,214

Setodes interrupta 237

Sympetrum flaveolum, meridionale, 148 ;

scoticum 265

Sympycna fusca 34, 150

Thaumatoneura inopinata 29

Tinodes assimilis, 35, 113, 265 ; aureola,

unicolor 237

Triaenodes conspersa 212, 237

h.

ORTHOPTERA.

Gavalidium crocodilus .. 215

Gomphocerus rufus 9

Panchlora exoleta 247

Scelimena harpago 215

ADDITIONS TO THE BRITISH INSECT FAUNA BROUGHT
FORWARD IN THIS VOLUME.

LEPIDOPTERA.

SPECIES.
Coleophora inilvipennis, Zell 79

COLEOPTERA.
GENERA.

Diastictus 235

gynan drophthalm a 281

l.&mostenus 216

SPECIES.

Diastictus vulneratus, Sturm 253

Gynandropbthalnia affinis, Hellw. 281

Laemostenus complanatus, Dej 216

DIPTERA.
SPECIES.

Borborus notabilis, Coll 55

Ceratophyllus Garei, Roths 225

Walkeri, „ 225

Ceromasia Wulpii, B. and B 227

Hyalurgus lucidus, Mg 110

Limosina Halidayi, Coll 58

mirabilis, „ 59

Splnerocera eximia, „ 57

Therioplectes luridus, Fall 110

HEMIPTERA.

PAGE

SPECIES.

Liraotettix stactogala, Amyot 215

Pseudopbloeus Waltlii, H.-S 80

Stictocoris flaveola, Boh 5

HYMENOPTERA.
SPECIES.

Microgaster suffolciensis, Morley 4

Nyxeophilus corsicus, Marshall 173

Odynerus bifasciatus, Linn 106

Probolus concinnus, lVesm 54

NEUROPTERA.
SPECIES.

Leuctra albida, Kempny 256

Handlirsclii, „ 256

hippopus, „ 256

KlapaM-i, „ 256

nigra, Oliv. ? 256

(All more or less provisional).

LIST OF NEW GENERA AND SPECIES, &c., DESCRIBED
IN THIS VOLUME.

LEPIDOPTERA.

PAGE

GENUS.
PnTHOEiM^A, Meyrick 103

SPECIES.

Acontia gephyrias, Meyriclc, Aden 175

Argyria holocrossa, „ „ 176

Grammodes scheraatica, „ „ 175

Palreomicra calliplaca „ Queensland 60
Platyptilia leucorrhyncha, „ Switzerland 217

COLEOPTERA.
GENERA.

Caccothetptus, Sharp

Mandersia, „

63
62

SPECIES.
Oaccothryptns compactus, Sharp, Borneo 63
Cyphonicus orientalis, ,, ,, 63

Mandersia scymnoides, ,,

Shan States 62

DIPTERA.
SPECIES.

Ceratophyllus Garei, Roths., „

225

Walked, „ „

225

Limosina Halidayi, Coll., „

58

mirabilis, ,, „

59

Spharocera eximia, „ „

57

HEMIPTERA.

GENERA, <fcc.

Amorphococct/s, Green

Anomalococccs, „

Geococcus, „

Newsteadia, „

261
261

262

284

SPECIES.
Amorphococcus mesune, Green, Ceylon... 261

Anomalococcus cremastogastri, „
Geococcus radicum, ,,

Nasocoris ephedra, Renter, Spain.
Piezostethus tcrricola, „ „

261
262
103

102

HYMENOPTERA.

SPECIES.

Astatus massiliensis, Morice, Marseilles 106

pelops, „ Greece .. 104

Microgaster suffolciensis, Morley,

England 4

NEUROPTERA.
SPECIES.

Ithytrichia violacea, Morton, Assam 283

Psychopsis Marshalli, McLachlan,

Mashonaland 234

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

Plate i — See page 2.
„ ii— „ „ 101.

Plate iii — See page 157
„ iv— „ „ 225

ERRATUM.

Page 155, top line, for "fringe-shaped " read " finger-shaped."

'■ Je J8

Second Series, No. 145.] TAMTTAOT ,OAO IT1

TWn 452 1 JANUAET, 1902. [Psice Qd.

[No. 452.]

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BT

C. G. BAEEETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLEE, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. E. M'LACHLAN, F.E.S.
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SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
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BRITISH FLIES

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ERRATUM.
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CONTENTS. PAGE

Note on Acletoxenns syrphoides, Frauenfeld (Plate I). -J. E. Collin, F.E.S. 1

A new species of Microgaster.— Claude Morley, P.E.S ' 4

Stictocoris flaveola Bohm., an additional species of British' Cicadina. - J.
cj awards, F.E.S

Suffolk Lepidoptera in 1901 .—Rev. E. N. Bloomfield, M.A., F.E.S. . ... . ....... 6

The Walsinghani Collections.— Rt. Hon. Lord Walsingham,M.A.,LL.D.,F.R.S. frc 7

Ophiodes lunaris in Delamere Forest.— A. G. Wallington '. 7

Re-occurrence of Atherix crassipes, Mg.-F. W. Andrews, f'e.S. ... ... ... 7

List of British Diptera, Ed. II.— G. H. Verrall, V.-P.E.S. .. $

The galls of Oligotrophus annulipes.— D. Sharp, M.A., M.B., F.R.S. " 8

The Castlenau Collection.— Id

Coleoptera at Briton Ferry, South W aXe^.- P r of'. T." Hudson Bear e'"B'.Sc'.

r.R.b.E.,g"c ' ft

Coleoptera near Cromer, &c. — Id q

Trigonogenins globulum at Hoylake.— E. J. Burgess Sopp, F.E.S. ... 9

Orthopteraat Redhill.— Rev. E. N. Bloomfield, M.A., F.E.S ........ " 9

Aepophilus Bonnairei on the North Devon Coast.— IF. B. Waterfall......... 9

Apatania muliebris, McLach., in Lanarkshire.— K. J. Morton, F.E.S. ........ 10

Notes on Rhogas circumscriptum Nees.— H. J. Charbonnier .'. 10

Hym^Poei'a Aculeata at Criccieth, Lyndhurst and Newquay.— E. B. Nevin'son

*-h-b ' n

Review. -Monograph of the Coccidae of the British Isles : by R. Newstead 12
0mTlA*Y--~KenT7 Wyndham Vivian, M.A., F.E.S. -N. M. Richardson, B.A

F-E-8- ' ... 13

Societies.— Birmingham Entomological Society 14

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society 14

South London Entomological, &c, Society 15

Entomological Society of London jy

Lepidoptera observed in the parish of Mortehoe, North Devon. -G.B. Longstaff

M.D., F.R.C.P ,q

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BRITISH AND EXOTIC LEPIDOPTERA, CABINETS, BOOKS &c

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Second Series, No. 146.] FEBRUARY, 1902. [Price 6i.

[No. 453.]

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLER, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. M'LACHLAN, F.R.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S.
LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A, LL.D, F.R.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done tons a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise."—Laboulbene.

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coiJibll £mdT .Yi>«9H woPf

(aaiuo BTaiHaiqogiqaj 3ht

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EXCHANGE.
Wanted : Erycinidas of the World. For same offer Diurues from North aud
South America, North American Coleoptera, and North American Indian Relics. —
Levi \V. Mengel, Dpt. Science, Boys' High School, Reading, Pa., U. S. A.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.-Meetings for the
Session 1902-1903:-

Wednesday, February 5th. March 5th and 19th, April 16th, May 7th,
June 4th, October 1st and 15f.h, November 5th and 19th, December 3rd,
1902, and Annual. Wednesday, January 21bt, 1903.

pNTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, WEDNESDAY,
FEBRUARY 5th, 1902, at 8 p.m.— Papers to be read:

(1) " Descriptions of New Australian Lepidoptera:" by Edward Meyrick, B.A.,

FZ.S.

(2) " Report on a Collection of African Locustidas formed by Mi-. VV. L. Distant,

chiefly from the Transvaal :" by W. F. Kirby, F.L.S.

Scale of Charges for Advertisements.

Whole Page £2. Half Page £1 Is. Quarter Page 12s. Gd-

Lowest charge, 3s. 6d. up to 5 lines ; 6d- per line afterwards.
Repeated or continuous Advertisements per contract.
There is no charge for Lists of Duplicates and Desiderata.

WATKiHS & QGNCA5TEB, Satatpttafc,

Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c. : Umbrella
Net, 7/- ; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6 ; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 3/- ; Pocket
Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6 ; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/- ; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 7/6 ; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/- j Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/- ; Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ;
Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.

Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6.
Scalpels, with ebouy handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow-
pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d. ; ditto, best quality, 9d. each ; Botanical Vascu
lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6 ; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;

or or. one side for Labels, 2/-.
Now ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, ^d. each, 4d. per dozen ; Label Lists, 9d. each.

Jk. large stock of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,
Coleoptera, and Birds' Eggs.

ENTOMOLOGICAL FINS.

The " DIXON " LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps
without climbing the lamp posts), 3s. 6d.

SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, «Scc.

ggg° ONLY ADDRESS—

36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross,

LONDON.

Birds and Mammals, 8fc.y Preserved ^Mounted by first-class workmen.
Our New Price List (96 pp.) sent post free to any address on application

CONTENTS. page

Lepidoptera ibserved in the parish of Mortehoe, North Devon (concluded). —

G. B. Longstaff, M.D., F.R.C.P 25

Revision of the Nomenclature of Micro- Lepidoptera (continued). — Rt. Hon.

Lord Walsingham, H.A., LL.D., F.R.S., and J. Hartley Durrani, F.E.S. ... 28
On the systematic position of Thaumatoneura inopinata, McLach., with some

remarks on the classification of the suborder Zygoptera. — Philip P.

Calvert, Ph.D 29

Trichoptera, Planipennia and Odonata collected by Lord Walsingham in the

vicinity of Granada (Spain) in 1901. — R. McLachlan, F.R.S., $"c 33

Trichoptera, Planipennia and Pseudo-Neuroptera collected in North Wales in

July, 1901.— Kenneth J. Morton, F.E.S 34

Historical Notes on Papilio Machaon in England. — C. W. Bale, F.E.S 37

Coleoptera, &c, in the neighbourhood of Hastings. — W. Esam 38

Re-occurrence of Sciocoris cursitans, F. at Box Hill. — F. B. Jennings, F.E.S... 39

Reviews. — Hand-Book of the Natural History of Glasgow and the West of

Scotland 39

Insect Life : Souvenirs of a Naturalist : by J. H. Fabre 40

Obiiuaky. — Charles Lionel Augustus de Niceville, F.E.S., &c 41

Societies. — Birmingham Entomological Society 41

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society 42

South London Entomological, &c, Society 43

Entomological Society of London 44

On the Specific Value of Byblia Gotzius, Herbst.— Guy A. K. Marshall, F.Z.S. 46

Those who have not yet remitted their Subscriptions for the current
Vol. (1902) are requested to do so at their early convenience.

T\U. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN,

in their new Price List, No. XLV for 1902, offer more than 16,000 species
of well-named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world,
in finest condition ; 1400 kinds of PREPARED LARVAE ; numerous LIVING
PUP^E, &c. Separate Price Lists for COLEOPTERA (21,000 species) ; HYMEN-
OPTERA (2800 species), DIPTERA (1900), HEMIPTERA (1600), ORTHOPTERA
(1000), NEUROPTERA (550).

PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS.

M

BRITISH AND FOREIGN LEPIDOPTERA AND CABINETS.
R. J. C. STEVENS will Sell by Auction, at bis Great Booms,

38. King Street, Covent Garden, W.C., early in March, a portion of the
Extensive and Valuable Collection of British and Exotic Lepidoptera, and other
Orders of Insects, formed by the late Philip Crowley, Esq., F.L.S., F.Z.S. , &c,
of Waddon House, Croydon, together with the Entomological Cabinets in which
they are contained. Further portions of the same will be disposed of in the
months of April and May.

J IVING PUP.E FROM DALMATIA.— Price each:

Pap. alexanor, Is. 6d. ; Anth. belia, 3d. ; Sphinx convolvuli, 6d. ; Sat. pyri,

5d. To be delivered from the middle of February onwards, only after receipt

of oash.

ANTON HEEFEET, Linz a. d. Donau, Hopfengasse, 15, Austria-

NOW READY,
THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. XII, New
Series (Vol. XXXVII , strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-.
Covers for binding, 1/- each.

London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster How. E.C.

•

Second Series, No. 147.] MAKCH 1902 [Pbice ^

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BARRETT, E.E.S. W. W. EOWLEE, M.A., E.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. E. M'LACHLAN, F.R.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, E.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S.
LORD WALSLNGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.E.S, &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done toue a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Laboulbene.

LONDON;

GURNET & JACKSON (Me. Van Voobst's Successors),
1, PATERNOSTER ROW.

SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN.

NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE.

E. H. MEEK, Naturalist,

56, BROMPTOX ROAD, LONDON, S.W.,
Supplies Entomologists toitf) eberrji Requisite

OF THE BEST MAKE.

NEW PBICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OF STAMP.

All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention.

Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6

Ladies' Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/

Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints, 3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c, 6/

Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/

Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6,

Pocket Relaxing Box, 3,' Killing Bos, 9d. & 1 (new principle)

Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d
Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, Sd, 9d, lOd, lid, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, l/ti, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each

Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6

Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz..

Exchange Lists, Id. (Postage, Hd.)

Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross.

Setting and Drving House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6

Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1 , and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d.

The Entomologist's Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3

Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6

Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3, Beating Tray, 15/

Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth,

Book Pattern, 16 x 11, 8/6 Tin Y» 6d. ; Brass Y» l/> for Caae Nets-

Breeding Cage. 2/6 ; with Two Compartments, 5/

Tile New Glass Killing Bottie, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6

The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6

A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK.
DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS.

Priced Catalogue on receipt ot Stamp.
Entomological Cabinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock.

SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS

CaBIXETS OF EYEBT DESCRIPTION iLADE TO OBDEB. ESTIMATES GIVEN.

99

"NATURE,

A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE 6d.

" Nature " contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of
Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also
contains Reviews of all recent scientific works ; Correspondence Columns, which
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Science ; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials ; Abstracts of the more
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Just published, and obtainable from the author only, price Is., or printed on
one side only, price 2s., postage extra.

A LIST OF BRITISH DIPTERA,

SECOND EDITION,

By G. H. VERRALL,

Sussex Lodge, Newmabket.
Now Ready. Third Edition.

THE LEPIDOPTERIST'S GUIDE,

Considerably Enlarged, freely Illustrated, and brought to twentieth century date.
PRICE, ONE SHILLING.

Published by GUHNBY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row, B.C.; also sold
by W ATKINS and DONC ASTER, 36, Strand, London, W.C,

"BERKSHIRE INSECTS.— Will Lepidopterists, Coleopterists,
Hymenopterists, or Hemipterists, who have collected in Berkshire be kind
enough to communicate, as early as possible, with —

W. HOLLAND or A. H. HAUSI, University Museum, Oxford.

The Practical Scientific Cabinet makers.

J. T. CROCKETT & SON

(Established 184=7),

titers of euerj) Description aitb ^c of Cabinets, djases, Store
Io*es, Apparatus, anb Ipltances,

And Dealers in all kinds of Specimens for Entomologists, Botanists,

Ornithologists, Geologists, Mineralogists, Numismatists, Conchologists, <fec,

and for the use of Lecturers, Science Teachers, Colleges, Students, &c-

MUSEUMS FITTED AND ABBANGED.

Specially made Cabinet for Birds' Eggs and Skins. The Drawers

graduate in depth, and are all interchangeable.
ALL BEST WORK. ESTIMATES GIVEN.

1821° 4H Goods at Store Prices. Great advantages in dealing direct with the Makers.
Send for Full Detailed Price List before ordering elsewhere.

7a, PRINCE'S STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, LONDON, W.

Factories — 34, RIDING- HOUSE STREET and OGLE STREET, W.

Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo, with 59 plates engraved on copper
from the author's drawings :

A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE

r%' TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Robert McLachla.v,
F.R.S., F.L.S., &n. Price, £3 10s.

First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s.

London : Gurney & Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, E.C.

Berlin : Friedlander und Sohn, 11, Carlstrasse.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.-Meetings for the
Session 1902-1903 :—

Wednesday, March 5th and 19th, April 16th, May 7th, June 4th,
October 1st and 15th, November 5th and 19th, December 3rd, 1902, and
Annual, Wednesday. January 21st, 1903.

gNTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, WEDNESDAY,

MARCH 5th, 1902, at 8 p.m. — Papers to be read :

(1) " On Mr. Guy A. K. Marshall's five years' experiments and observations in

mimicry and warning colours in South African Insects :" by Prof. Edward

B. Poulton, D.Sc, F.R.S., with an Appendix by W. L. Distant and Colonel

C. T. Bingham, F.Z.S.

(2) " Notes on some cases of Sexual Dimorphism in Butterflies ; with an account

of Experiments made by Mr. Guy A. K. Marshall, F.Z S. :" by Frederick A.
Dixey, M.A., M.D.

(3) " A Monograph of the genus Acrida, with Notes of some allied genera, and

Descriptions of new species :" by Malcolm Burr, B.A , F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c.

(4) a. "Notes on Hawaian Wasps, with Descriptions of Mew Species."

b. " Four New Species and a New Genus of Parasitic Hymenoptera (Ichneumo-

nidae) from the Hawaian Islands."

c. " On the generic characters of Hawaian Crabronida? ; four New Genera

characterized :" by R. C. L. Perkins, B.A. ; communicated by Dr. D.
Sharp, M.A., F.R.S.

WATKiHS & 00HCA5TEH, fahu;alists,

Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c. : Umbrella
Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 3/- ; Pocket
Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6 ; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/6, 4/-, 5/-, «/- ; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 7/6 ; Sugaring Tins. 1/6, %\- ; Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/- ; Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ;
Coleoptera Collecting Buttles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.
Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9 ; Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6.
Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow-
pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d. ; ditto, best quality, 9d. each; Botanical Vascu
lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Karnes, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;

or on one side for Labels, 2/-.
Now ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, id. each, 4d. per dozen ; Label Lists, 9d. each.

A large stock of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,
Coleoptera, and Birds' Eggs.

ENTOMOLOGICAL FINS.

The " DIXON " LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps
without climbing the lamp posts), 3s. 6d.

SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c

fegr ONLY ADDRESS—

36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross,

LONDON.

Birds and Mammals, ^fc, Preserved ^Mounted by tirst-class workmen.
Our New Price List (96 pp.) sent post free to any address on application

CONTENTS. pa8e

On the Specific Value of Byblia Gotzius, Herbst (concluded). — Guy A. K.

Marshall, F.Z S 49

Hymenoptera collected by Col. Yerbury in S.-W. Ireland in 1901. — E. Saunders,

F.L.S., Rev. F. D. Morice, M.A., F.E.S., and Claude Morley, F.E.S 51

Four new species of Diptera (Fam. Borboridae) found in Britain. — J. E. Collin,

F.E.S 55

An Australian species of Micropterygidae. — E. Meyriclc, B.A., F.Z.S 60

Descriptions of Oriental Limnichini (Coleoptera, Fam. Bvrrhidae). — D. Sharp,

M.B.,F.R.S ." 61

Notes on some Coleoptera of the Brent Valley, 1901. — W. E. Sharp 64

Tachys parvulus, Dej., in the New Forest. — E. A. Newbery 65

Lasiosomus enervis, H.-S., near Doddington, Kent. — A. J. Chitty, M.A., F.E.S. 66

Pentatoma fuscispina on the North Esses Coast. — B. S. Harwood 66

Nomada armata at Colchester. — Id. 66

Papilio Machaon at Chippenham Fen. — H. Goss, F.L.S 66

Abundance of Dasypolia templi near Halifax. — E. Halliday 66

Larvae of Sphinx convolvuli in Northumberland. — J. E. Robson, F.E.S. 67

Note on the egg laying of Nouagria sparganii. — W. B. Jeffrey 67

Habits of Lipoptena cervi. — E. Meyriclc, B.A., F.Z.S 68

The efficacy of glacial carbolic acid as a preventive of mildew. — H. G.

Knaggs, M.D., F.L.S 68

Reviews.— A List of British Diptera, 2nd edition: by G. H. Verrall 68

Insects injurious to Staple Crops: by E. D. Sanderson 69

Die Phoriden: by Th. Becker.— J. E. Collin, F.E.S 69

Societies. — Birmingham Entomological Society 70

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society 70

South London Entomological, &c, Society 72

Entomological Society of London 72

T}K. STATIDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN,

in their new Price List, No. XLV for 1902, offer more than 16,000 species
of well-named LEl'IDOPTE KA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world,
in finest condition ; 1400 kinds of PREPARED LARVAE ; numerous LIVING
PUP^E, &c. Separate Price Lists for COLEOPTERA (21,000 species) ; HYMEN*
OPTERA (2800 species), DIPTERA (1900), HEMIPTERA (1600), ORTHOPTERA
(1000), NEUROPTERA (550).

PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOE CASH ORDERS.

JIVING PUP^ FROM DALMATIA. — Price each.

Pap. alexanor, Is. 6d. ; Anth. belia, 3d. ; Sphinx convolvuli, 6d. ; Sat. pyri,
5d. To be delivered from the middle of February onwards, only after receipt
of cash.

ANTON HERFEHT, Linz a. d. Donau, Hopfengasse, 15, Austria-

NOW BEADY,
THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. XII, New-
Series (Vol. XXXVII), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-.
Covers for binding, 1/- each.

London: GTJRNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C

Scale of Charges for Advertisements.

Whole Page £2. Half Page £1 Is. Quarter Page 12s. 6d-

Lowest charge, 3s. 6d. up to 5 lines; 6d. per line afterwards.
Repeated or continuous Advertisements per contract.
There is no charge for Lists of Duplicates and Desiderata.

i

Second Series, No. 148.] ABrTT ,„AO

TNo 4^51 APEIL, 1902. [Pbice 6«?.

[No. 455.]

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BT

C. G. BAEEETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLEE, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, E.Z.S. E. M'LACHLAN, F.E.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SATJNDEES, F.L.S.
LOED WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.E.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Labouliene.

LONDON:

GTJENEY & JACKSON (Mb. Van Voobst's Successobs),
1, PATEENOSTEE EOW.

SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN.

NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTOjf SQUARE.

V d"1-

56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W.,
Supplies lEutomologtate tottl) eberg Requisite

OF THE BEST MAKE.

NEW PRICED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OP STAMP.

All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention.

Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6

Ladies' Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/

Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18,for Beating.&c, 6/

Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/

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Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle)

Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d
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Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6

Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz.,

Exchange Lists, Id. (Postage, l^d.)

Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross.

Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6

Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d.

The Entomologist's Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, j£3

Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6

Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/

Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cloth,

Book Pattern, 16x11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d. ; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets.

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A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK.
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"NATURE,"

A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OP SCIENCE. PRICE 6cl.

" Nature " contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of
Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also
contains Reviews of all recent scientific works ; Correspondence Columns, which
form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of
Science ; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials ; Abstracts of the more
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Just published, and obtainable from the author only, price Is., or printed on
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A LIST OF BRITISH DIPTERA,

SECOND EDITION,

By G. H. VERRALL,

Sussex Lodge, Newmarket.
Now Ready. Third Edition.

THE LEPIDOPTERISTS GUIDE,

Considerably Enlarged, freely Illustrated, and brought to twentieth century date.
PRICE, ONE SHILLING.

Published by GURNET and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row, HJ.C; also sold
by WATKINS and DONCASTER, 36, Strand, London, W.C.

T>ERKSHIRE INSECTS.— Will Lepidopterists, Coleopterists,
Hymenopterists, or Hemipterists, who have collected in Berkshire be kind
enough to commuuicate, as early as possible, with —

W. HOLLAND or A. H- HAMM, University Museum, Oxford.

The Practical Scientific Cabinet Makers.

J. T. CROCKETT & SON

(Established 1847),

glakers of efoerg fescription; aito j&t§e of Cabinets, d£ases, j&tore
loses, Apparatus, ano gpliances,

And Dealers in all kinds of Specimens for Entomologists, Botanists,

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and for the use of Lecturers, Science Teachers, Colleges, Students, &c-

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ALitH.tL) DtsAuauMij/ram DiacKneacn, w uosneiu, naisteau, risst;*.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.-Meetings for the
Session 1902-1903:—

Wednesday, April 16th, May 7th. June 4th, October 1st and 15th,
November 5th and 19th, December 3rd, 1902, and Annual, Wednesday,
January 21st, 1903.

NOW BEADY.
THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. XII, New
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Covers for binding, 1/- each.

London: GUKNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C

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WATKIHS & QONCASTEB, g^atisfe,

Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c. : Umbrella
Net, 7/- ; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6 ; Plain King Net, 1/3, 2/-, 3/- ; Pocket
Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6 ; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/- ; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/- ; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10 ; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 7/6 ; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/- ; Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-.J Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d.,l/-;
Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6 ; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.
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lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6 ; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;

or on one side for Labels, 2/-.
Now ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
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& large stock of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,
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ENTOMOLOGICAL IPI1STS.

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CONTENTS. page

Coleoptera and Aculeate Hymenoptera in East Kent in 1901. — Arthur J. Chitty,

M.A., F.E.S 73

Historical Notes on Lycaena Acis in Britain. — C. W. Dale, F.E.S 76

Coleophora milvipennis, Zell., new to Britain. — C. Q. Barrett, F.E.S 79

Pseudophlceus Waltlii, H.-S., a species new to the British Fauna, &r\ — H. J.

Thouless 80

New Corsican and French Micro-Lepidoptera (continued). — Rt. Hon. Lord

Walsingham, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., 8fc 81

Note on Osmia manicata, Morice, with description of the female. — Rev. F. D.

Morice, M.A., F.E.S 81

Macropis labiata, Pz., and fulvipes, F. — Id 83

Hedychrum rutilans, Dhb., and H. fervidum, Sm., nee F. — Id 83

Sirex gigas, L., and juvencus, L., in Herts and Norfolk. — J. Hartley Durrant,

F.E.S 84

Notes on Diptera in the New Forest during 1901. — F. C. Adams, F.Z.S 84

The Reports to the Malaria Committee of the Royal Society. — Eds. 85

Hyetodesia vagans, Fin., confirmed as British. — R. C. Bradley 85

Lopus flavomarginatus, Don., in Blean Wood, and Paragus bicolor, at St. Mar-
garet's Bay.— A. J. Chitty, M.A., F.E.S 86

Icerya seychellarum, Westw., in South Africa. — Prof. T. D. A. Cocker ell, F.Z.S. 86

Fiorinia Sulcii, Newstead, in France. — Id 86

Bamboo Coccids in Algeria. — Id ... 86

Strachia picta probably imported with fruit. — H. J. Thouless 86

Salda C-album, Fieb., and vestita, D. and S.—F. A. Newberu 86

A few Odonata from the Chamonix Valley.— R. McLachlan, F.R.S 87

Sphinx convolvuli, L., at Merton, Noi-folk, 1901. — J. Hartley Durrant, F.E.S... 87

Papilio Machaon at Ely in 1881.— ta 87

The hibernating stage of Coremia didymata. — E. B. Prout, F.E.S 87

A correction — Blaps mortisaga. — J. Hartley Durrant, F.E.S 88

Cryptophilus integer, Heer, in London. — G. C. Champion, F.Z.S 88

Note on " Lathrobium atripalpe."— D. Sharp, M.A., M.B., F.R.S 88

Carbolic Acid as a preventive of mildew, and preserver of collections. — Id. ... 88

Reviews. — The Victoria History of the Counties of England : Surrey 89

Genera Insectorum 90

Societies. — Birmingham Entomological Society 90

South London Entomological, &c, Society 90

Entomological Society of London 92

On Crinopteryx familiella, de Peyerimhoff. — T. A. Chapman, M.D., F.Z.S 93

T)E. STAUDINGrEE & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ-DEESDEN,

■*-* in their new Price List, No. XLV for 1902, offer more than 16,000 species
of well-named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world,
in finest condition ; 1400 kinds of PREPARED LARVAE ; numerous LIVING
PUP^E, &c. Separate Price Lists for COLEOPTERA (21,000 species) ; HYMEN-
OPTERA (2800 species), DIPTERA (1900), HEMIPTERA (1600), ORTHOPTERA
(1000), NEUROPTERA (550).

PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS.

EXOTIC BUTTERFLIES AND CABINETS.

■JI/TE. J. C. STEVENS will Sell by Auction, at his Great Eooms,
•L"- 38, King Street, Covent Garden, W.C., on Tuesday, April 15th, at half-
past 12 o'clock precisely, a further portion of the Extensive and Valuable
Collection of Foreign Lepidoptera, comprising the Papilionidse, Danaidae, Nympha-
lidas, &c, formed by the late Philip Crowley, Esq., F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c, of Waddon
House, Croydon, together with the Entomological Cabinets in which they are
contained. The concluding portion will be disposed of in May.

On View the day prior, 10 till 4. Catalogues on application.

Second toies. No. 149.] MAT 1002 LpEtcE 6(,

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S

MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLER, M.A., F.L.S.
i G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. M'LACHLAN, F.R.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.L.S.
LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la disoussicti la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Labculbene.

LONDON:

GURNEY & JACKSON (Me. Van Voobst's Successobs),
1, PATERNOSTER ROW.

SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN.

NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE.

JE. U. MEEK, Naturalist,

56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W.,

Supplies lEntamologiste tottf) eberg Requisite

OF THE BEST MAKE.

NEW PHTCED CATALOGUE ON RECEIPT OP STAMP.

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Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6

Ladies' Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/

Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18,for Beating, &c, 6/

Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/

Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6,

Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d.& 1/ (new principle)

Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d
Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, lOd, lid, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each

Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6

"Cntomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz..

Exchange Lists, Id. (Postage, Hd.)

Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross.

Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6

Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d.

The Entomologist's Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, J&3

Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6

Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/

Corked Stire Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cioth,

Book Pattern, 16x11, 8/6 Tin \, 6d. ; Brass Y. l/> for Cane Nets-

Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/

The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6

The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6

A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK.
DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS.

Priced Catalogue on receipt ot Stamp.
Entomological Cabinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock

show room for cabinets

Cabinets of every description made to order. Estimates given.

1)

"NATURE,

A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OP SCIENCE. PRICE 6d.

" Nature " contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of
Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also
contains Reviews of all recent scientific works ; Correspondence Columns, which
form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of
Science ; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials ; Abstracts of the more
valuable papers which appear in foreign journals ; Reports of the Proceedings of
the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World ; and Notes on all
matters of current scientific interest.

SUBSCRIPTIONS TO "NATURE."

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£ *.
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0

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Money Orders to be made payable to MACMILIjAN and CO., Ltd.
Office: St. Martin's Street, London, W.C.

!

Just published, and obtainable from the author only, price Is., or printed on
one side only, price 2s., postage extra.

A LIST OF BRITISH DIPTERA,

SECOND EDITION,

By G. H. VERRAL/L,

Sussex Lodge, Newmarket.
Now Ready. Third Edition.

THE LEPIDOPTERIST'S GUIDE,

Considerably Enlarged, freely Illustrated, and brought to twentieth century date.
PRICE, ONE SHILLING.

Published by GTJRNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Bow, E.C.; also sold
by WATKINS and DONCASTEB, 36. Strand, London, "W.C,

■BERKSHIRE INSECTS.— Will Lepidopterists, Coleopterists,
Hymenopterists, or Hemipterists, who have collected in Berkshire be kind
enough to communicate, as early as possible, with —

W. HOLLAND or A. H. HAMM, University Museum, Oxford.

The Practical Scientific Cabinet Makers.

J. T. CROCKETT & SON

(Established 1847),

Pallets of e&erg fesniptton ano j&i^ of Cabinets, djases, j&tore
f o*es, Sparatus, ano Dppltances,

And Dealers in all kinds of Specimens for Entomologists, Botanists,

Ornithologists. Geologists, Mineralogists, Numismatists, Conchologists, &c.,

and for the use of Lecturers, Science Teachers, Colleges, Students, &c

MUSEUMS FITTED AND ARRANGED.

Specially made Cabinet for Birds' Eggs and Skins. The Drawers

graduate in depth, and are all interchangeable.

ALL BEST WORK. ESTIMATES GIVEN.

(82P" All Goods at Store Prices. Great advantages in dealing direct with the Makers.
Send fov Full Detailed Price List before ordering elsewhere.

7a, PRINCE'S STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, LONDON, W.

Factories — 34, RIDING HOUSE STREET and OGLE STREET, W.

Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo, with 59 plates engraved on copper
from the author's drawings :

A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE
■"■ TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Robert McLachla.v,
F.R.S., F.L.S., &c. Price, £3 10s.

First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s.

London : Gurney & Jacksox, 1, Paternoster Row, E.C.

Berlin : Friedlandkr unci Sohn, 11, Carlstrasse,

CHANGE OF ADDRESS.
E. J. B. Sopp, Hon. Sec. Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society, from
Hoylake, to 104, Liverpool Road, Birkdale, Sonthport.

EXCHANGE.

Wanted.— "The Entomologist's Weekly Intelligencer," any volumes; state
what required in exchange. — E. Petkik, 56, Brunswick Street, C. on M., Manchester.

We regret to announce the death of Mr. J. E. Fletcher, of Worcester. — Eds.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.-Meetings for the
Session 1902-1903:-

Wednesday, May 7th, June 4th, October 1st and 15th, Novem-
ber 5th and 19th, December 3rd, 1992, and Annual, Wednesday,
January 21st, 1903.

Scale of Charges for Advertisements.

Whole Page £2. Half Page £1 Is. Quarter Page 12s. 6d.

Lowest charge, 3s. 6d. up to 5 lines; 6d. per line afterwards.
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There is no oharge for Lists of Duplicates and Desiderata.

WATKiHS & Q0HCA5TEB, Saturatists,

Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c. : Umbrella
Net, 7/- ; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6 ; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 3/- ; Pocket
Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6 ; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/- ; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 7/6 ; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/- ; Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ;
Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
ueeful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.
Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9; Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6.
Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow-
pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d. ; ditto, best quality, 9d. each ; Botanical Vascu
him, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6 ; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;

or on one side for Labels, 2/-.
Now ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, |d. each, 4d. per dozen ; Label Lists, 9d. each.

Jk. large stock of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,
Coleoptera, and Birds' Eggs,

e^to^olog-io^X-. pins.

The " DIXON " LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamp
without climbing the lamp posts), 3s. 6d.

SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, £cc.

(g^* ONLY ADDRESS—

36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross,

LONDON.

Birds and Mammals, 8fc.t Preserved &f Mounted by tirst-class workmen.

Our New Price List (96 pp.) sent post free to any address on application

C O N T B N T 8. page

On Crinopteryx familiella, de Peyerimhoff [Plate II] {concluded). — T. A. Chap-
man, M.D., F.Z.S 97

Two new species of Hemiptera-Heteroptera from Spain. — Prof. 0. M. Renter.. 102

A new genus of Gelechiada?. — E. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S 10a

Two new palaearctic species of Astatus — Rev. F. D. Morice, M.A., F.E.S 10i

Odynerus bifasciatus, L., an addition to the List of British Hymenoptera.— E.

Saunders, F.L.S 106

Notes and Queries on Mr. VTerrall's List of British Diptera, Second Edition. —

C. W. Dale, F.E.S 107

Keply to Mr. Dale's Queries.— G. H. Verrall, F.E.S. 108

Acletoxenus syrphoides, Frauenf., at Lyndhurst. — F. C. Adams, F.Z.S 110

Chrysochlaroys ruficornis, F., in the New Forest (supplementary). — Id 110

Dipterous parasite of Acanthopsyche atra, L. (opacella, H.-S.). — T. A. Chap-
man, M.D., F.Z.S Ill

Lathrobium atripalpe, Sharp, and other Coleoptera in North Yorkshire. —

M. Lawson Thompson, F.E.S. Ill

Tachys parvulus, Dej., at Horsell. — G. C. Champion, F.Z.S. ... . 112

Sirex juvencus, L., in Paternoster Row, London. — R. McLachlan, F.R.S., 8fc... 112
A black variety of Holocentropus picicornis, Steph. (Trichoptera), from South-
West Ireland.— Id 112

Afew Trichoptera from West Cornwall.— W. C. Boyd 112

Historical Notes on Lycsena Acis in Britain. — Rev. Joseph Greene, M.A., F.E.S. 112

The pupa of Sphinx convolvuli in England. — Id 113

Anosia Plexippus (Danais Archippus) in the Isle of Wight in 1896. — H. W. S.

Worsley-Benison, F.L.S 113

Phlogophora meticulosa, L., in December. — A. E. J. Carter 113

Review. — A List of the Hymenoptera- Aculeata of Lancashire and Cheshire:

by Willoughby Gardner, F.L.S., &c 114

Obituary.— Prof. Carlos Berg, C.M.Z.S., F.E.S 114

Societies. — Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society 114

South London Entomological, &c, Society 115

Entomological Society of London 116

On the Ichneumonides of the older British Authors.— Claude Morley, F.E.S., S'c. 118

NOW BEADY,
THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. XII, New
Series (Vol. XXXVII ;, strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-.
Covers for binding, 1/- each.

London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C.

EXOTIC BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS AND CABINETS.

TVTK. J. C. STEVENS will Sell by Auction, at his Great Booms,
1*-L 38, King Street, Covent Garden, W.C., on Thursday, May 8th, at half-
past 12 o'clock precisely, a further portion of the Extensive and Valuable
Collection of Foreign Lepidoptera, comprising the Saturnidae, Morphidae, Bassolidae,
Heliconidae, Satyridaa, Lycasnida?, &c, formed by the late Philip Crowley, Esq.,
F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c, of Waddon House, Croydon, together with the Mahogany
Entomological Cabinets (containing upwards of 200 drawers) in which they are
contained ; also a quantity of unarranged specimens in store boxes.

On View the day prior, 10 till 4. Catalogues on application.

TpOE SALE. — LAB V^E AND PUP.E of very many of the
X BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA; also fine and well-set specimens of British

Lepidoptera Aculeate Hymenoptera Saw Flies Ichneumons

Coleoptera Diptera Hemiptera Neuroptera.

Preseirved Pupm, Pupa Cases, and Cocoons of Lepidoptera, 8fc.
For Price Lists, which are separate, apply to —

"W. H. HARWOOD, Colchester.

Second Series, No. 150.] tttatt? m^o \v> OJ

[Tin dkjl JUNE, 1902. [Price Gd.

[No. 457.]

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BAERETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLEE, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. E. M'LACHLAN, E.E.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDEES, F.L.S.
LOED WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.E.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

" J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Laboulbene.

( JUN

LONDON:

nfPC

GUENEY & JACKSON (Me. Van Voorst's Successors),
1, PATEENOSTEE EOW.

SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN.

NAPIER, PRINTER, SEY.MOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE.

Ei. H. MEEK, Naturalist,

56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W.,

Supplies lEntomologtsts toitl) eber^ Requisite

OF THE BEST MAKE.

NEW PETCED CATALOGUE ON BECEIPT OF STAMP.

Alt Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention.

Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6

Ladies' Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/

Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18, for Beating, &c, 6/

Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/

Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6,

Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle)

Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d
Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, lOd, lid, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each

Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6

Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz..

Exchange Lists, Id. (Postage, Hd.)

Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross.

Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6

Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d.

The Entomologist's Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3

Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6

Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/

Corked Stoie Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4j, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cloth,

Book Pattern, 16 x 1 1, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d. ; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets.

Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/

The New Glass Killing Bottie, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6

The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6

A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK.
DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS.

Priced Catalogue on receipt ot Stamp.
Entomological Cabinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock.

show room for cabinets

Cabinets of every description made to order. Estimates given.

"NATURE,

A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL 0 !NCE. PRICE 6d.

" Nature " contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of I
Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also
contains Reviews of all recent scientific works ; Correspondence Columns, which
form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of
Science ; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials ; Abstracts of the more
valuable papers which appear in foreign journals ; Reports of the Proceedings of
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TkB, STAUDINGKER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN,

*J in their new Price List, No. XLV for 1902, .offer more than 16,000 species
of well-named LEPIDOPTEBA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world,
in finest condition ; 1400 kinds of PREPARED LARViE j numerous LIVING
TOS&c Separate Price Lists for OOLEOPTERA (21,000 species) ; HYMEN-
0?TfRA(28W species), DIPTERA (1900), HEMIPTERA (1600), ORTHOPTERA
(1000), NEUROPTERA (550).

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Now Ready. Third Edition.

THE LEPIDOPTERIST'S GUIDE,

Considerably Enlarged, freely Illustrated, and brought to twentieth century date.

PRICE, ONE SHILLING.
Published by GURNEY and JACKSON, 1. Paternoster Row, B.C.; also sold
PubllShby WATkInS and DONCASTER, 36. Strand, London, W.C.

-OERK SHIRE INSECTS.— Will Lepidoptensts, Coleopterists,
-D Hymenopterists,orHemiPterists,who have collected in Berkshxre be kind
enough to communicate, as early as possible, with—

W. HOLLAND or A. Hi HAMM, University Museum, Oxford.

The Practical Scientific Cabinet Makers.

J. T. CROCKETT & SON

(Established 1847),

linkers of cberg Description anb $ip of Cabinets, ftses, £tore
§o*es, apparatus, anb Appliances,

And Dealers in all kinds of Specimens for Entomologists, Botanists,

Ornithologists. Geologists, Mineralogists, Numismatists, Conchologist^ &C.

and for the use of Lecturers, Science Teachers, Colleges, Students, &c

MrSEUMS FITTED AND ABBANGED.

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graduate in depth, and are all interchangeable.

ALL. BEST WORK. ESTIMATES G . V E N.

ggT All Goods at Store Prices. Great advantages in dealing direct with the Makers.

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Factories-34, RIDING HOUSE STREET and OGLE STREET, W.

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k MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE
A SofTEtl OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Robekt McHchuh,
F.RS., F.L.S., &c Price, £3 10s.

First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s.

London : Gurney & Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, E.C.

Berlin r FriedlInder und Sohn, 11, Carlstrasse.

iiuiuninii i iiuin/u,

From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864-1889) can
be obtained only in complete Volumes, bonnd or unbound.

A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. xxv inclusive, are
offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five
consecutive Vols, at £1 per set net (if bound, Is, per Vol. extra).

Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols, i to ix can be had
separately at 10s. each.

The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, 9, 20,
and 21 of the First Series.

Apply to the Publishers.

May 29th, 1893.

TfOR SALE. — LARV.E AND PUP^E of very many of the
*- BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA; also fine and well-set specimens of British
Lepidoptera Aculeate Hymenoptera. Saw Flies Ichneumons

COLEOPTERA DlPTERA HeMIPTERA NEUROPTERA.

Preserved Pupos, Pupa Cases, and Cocoons of Lepidoptera, Sfc.
For Price Lists, which are sepai'ate, apply to —

W. H. HARWOOD, Colchester

WATKIttS & QOHCASTER, gatuplto,

Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c. : Umbrella
Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6 ; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 3/- ; Pocket
Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6 ; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/- ; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 7/6 ; Sugaring Tins. 1/6, 2/- ; Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ;
Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.

Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9 ; Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6.
Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow-
pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d. ; ditto, best quality, 9d. each ; Botanical Vascu
lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6 ; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;

or on one side for Labels, 2/-.
Now ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, \&. each, 4d. per dozen ; Label Lists, 9d. each.

£ large stock of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,
Coleoptera, and Birds' Eggs.

ENTOMOLOGICAL FINS.

The " DIXON " LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamp
without climbing the lamp posts), 3s. 6d.

SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, «Scc.

&§T ONLY ADDRESS—

36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross,

LONDON.

Birds and Mammals, $"c, Preserved ^Mounted by first-class workmen.
Our New Price List (96 pp.) sent post free to any address on application

CONTENTS. page

On the Ichneumonides of the older British Authors (concluded). — Claude

Morley, F.E.S., frc 121

Farther Notes on South African Lepidoptera [continued). — Frances Barrett,

edited by C. G. Barrett, F.E.S 123

An Annotated List of Neuroptera-Planipennia collected in Central Spain by
Dr. T. A. Chapman and Mr. G. C. Champion in July and August, 1901. —

R. McLachlon, F.R.S., Sfc 129

Winter Butterflies in Tenerife.— E. A. Elliott, F.E.S 131

Tinea angustipennis in North-West Kent.— E. F. Studd, M.A., B.C.L., F.E.S.... 131
Concerning Mr. Dale's '* Pericoma punctum,' Eaton," ante p. 107. — Rev. A. E.

Eaton, M. A., F.E.S 132

Ants displaced by Woodlice in New Zealand.— W. W. Smith, F.E.S 132

Encyrti wanted. — (Miss) Alice L. Embleton, B.Sc 132

Hydradephaga at Askham Bog. — Prof. T. Hudson Beare, B.Sc, F.R.S.E., fyc. .. 132

Anthicus scoticus in the Isle of Man.— J. Harold Bailey, M.B 133

Ceuthorrhynchidius mixtus, Muls. & Rey, near Woking. — G. C. Champion, F.Z.S. 134
Reviews. — First Report of the (Natal) Government Entomologist : by Claude

Fuller 134

The Butterflies and Moths of Europe : by W. F. Kirby, F.L.S 134

Obituary. — John Edward Fletcher 134

Charles Marcus Wakefield, J.P., F L.S., F.E.S. 135

Societies. — Birmingham Entomological Society .. ,. 135

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society 136

South London Entomological, &c, Society 137

Entomological Society of London 1 38

Hymenoptera-Aculeata of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney and St. Briac (Brittany).

— E. Saunders, F.L.S 140

We have received from a correspondent at Bradfield College a communication
respecting Smerinthus tilice, but cannot deal with it because the writer gives do
clue as to his identity ! — Eds.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, WEDNESDAY,

JUNE 4th, 1902, at 8 p.m. — Papers to be read:

1. " The Butterflies of Chile," with an Exhibition of Specimens : by Henry J.

Elwes, F.R.S.

2. "The Protective Resemblance to Flowers borne by an African Homopterous

Insect :" by S. L. Hinde, communicated by Professor E. B. Poulton, F.R.S.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.-Meetings for the
Session 1902-1903:-

Wednesday, June 4th, October 1st and 15 th, November 5th and 19th,
December 3rd, 1902, and Annual, Wednesday. January 21&t, 1903.

NOW READY,
THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. XII, New
Series (Vol. XXXVII), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-.
Covers for binding, 1/- each.

London: GTJRNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C

Scale of Charges for Advertisements.

Whole Page £2. Half Page £1 Is. Quarter Page I2s. 6d-

Lowest charge, 3s. 6d. up to 5 lines; 6d. per line afterwards.
Repeated or continuous Advertisements per contract.
There is no charge for Lists of Duplicates and Desiderata.

Second Series, No. 151.] ttttv mno ,!,„„„„,

[No. 458.1 JULY, 1902. [PfiICE 6rf.

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BAEEETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLEE, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. E. M'LACHLAN, F.E.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDEES, F.E.S.
LOED WALSLNGHAM, Mi, LL.D., F.E.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs eerits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Laboulbene.

LONDON

GUENEY & JACKSON (Mb. Van Voobst's Successobs),
1, PATEENOSTEE EOW.

SOLD IN GERMANY BY FRIEDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN.

NAPIER, PRINTER, SEYJIOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE.

H). H. MEEK, Naturalist,

56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W.,

Supplies Entomologists toitf) tberg Requisite

OF THE BEST MAKE.

NEW PETCED CATALOGUE ON BECEIPT OP STAMP.

All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention.

Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6

Ladies' Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/

Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6& 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18,for Beating, &cM 6/

Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/

Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6,

Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d. & 1/ (new principle)

Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d
Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, lOd, lid, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each

Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6

Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz.,

Exchange Lists, Id. (Postage, l£d.)

Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross.

Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6

Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d.

The Entomologist's Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £2>

Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6

Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/

Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cloth,

Book Pattern, 16x11,8/6 Tin Y> 6d. ; Brass Y, 1/. for Cane Nets.

Breeding Cage. 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/

The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6

The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6

A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK.
DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS.

Priced Catalogue on receipt ot Stamp.
Entomological Cabinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock.

show room for cabinets

Cabinets of every desceiption made to obdeb. Estimates given.

_ ,

"NATURE," I

A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF SCIENCE. PRICE 6d.

" Nature " contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of
Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also
contains Reviews of all recent scientific works ; Correspondence Columns, which
form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of
Science ; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials ; Abstracts of the more
valuable papers which appear in foreign journals ; Reports of the Proceedings of
the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World ; and Notes on all
matters of current scientific interest.

SUBSCRIPTIONS TO "NATURE."

Yearly

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... 1 8

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0

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Yearly

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Half-Yearly c

0 15

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Quarterly

... 0 7

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Quarterly

O 8

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Money Orders to be made payable to MA.CMILLAN and CO., Ltd.
Office: St. Martin's Street, London, W.C.

Now Ready. Third Edition.

THE LEPIDOPTERIST'S GUIDE,

Considerably Enlarged, freely Illustrated, and brought to twentieth century date.

• PRICE, ONE SHILLING.
Published by GTJRNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row, E.C.; also sold
P byWATKlNS and DONCASTER, 36. Strand, London, W.C.

Just published, and obtainable from the author only, price Is., or printed on
one side only, price 2s., postage extra.

A LIST OF BRITISH DIPTERA,

SECOND EDITION,

By G. H. VERRALL,

Sussex Lodge, Newmarket.

Tlie Practical Scientific Cabinet Matters.

J. T. CROCKETT & SON

(Established 1847),

ilato of «tem iescription anb $W & Cabinets, fees, Stow
goscs. Apparatus, anb ippltanws,

And Dealers in all kinds of Specimens for Entomologists, Botanists

Ornithologists. Geologists, Mineralogists, Numismatists, Conchologists Ac.

and for the use of Lecturers, Science Teachers, Colleges, Students, Ac

MUSEUMS FITTED AND ARRANGED.

Specially made Cabinet for Birds' Eggs and Skins. The Drawers

graduate in depth, and are all interchangeable.

ALL BEST WORK. EST. MATES GIVEN.

B52T All Goods at Store Prices. Great advantages in dealing direct with the Makers.

Send for Full Detailed Price List before ordering elsewhere.

7a. PRINCE'S STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, LONDON, W.

Factories- 34, RIDIN& HOUSE STREET and OGLE STREET, W.

Complete in one tUck volume, royal 8vo with 59 plates engraved on copper
from the author's drawmgs :

MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE
A ?S™I Or THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Robekt McLach.ax,
F R.S., F.L.S., Ac. Price, £3 10s.

First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s.

London : Gurney A Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, E.C.

Berlin : Friedl'ander und Sohn, 11, Carlstrasse.

IMPORTANT NOTICE.

From this date the First Series of this Magazine (1864-1889) can
be obtained only in complete Volumes, bonnd or unbound.

A limited number of sets, from Vol. x to Vol. pv inc usive are
offered at the reduced price of £2 15s. per set net (in parts), or of five
consecutive Vols, at £1 per set net (if bound, Is. per Vol. extra).

Owing to inequality in stock, certain of the Vols, i to ix can be had
separately at 10s. each.

The Editors will pay 2s. each for clean copies of Nos. 7, «, w,
and 21 of the First Series.

Apply to the Publishers.

May 29th, 1893. ^^^^^^^^________

TTiOft SALE - LAKV^ AND VUPM of very many of the
F°?RI^SH LEPIDOPTERA; also fine and well-** specimens of MB.m«
Lepidoptera Aculeate Hymenoptera — - Saw Flies Ichneumoiss

COLEOPTERA DlPTERA — HEMIPTERA NEUROPTERA

Preserved Pupce, Pupa Cases, and Cocoons of Lepidoptera, ifc.
For Price Lists, which are separate, apply to—

W. H. HAEWOOD, Colchester

WATKIH5 & BOHCASTEH, Satmtatte,

Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists Ornithologists, Botanists ;&c : Umbrella
Net, 7/- ; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6 ; Pla^Riog Net 1/3 2/-, 3/- ^ Pocket

CoSptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8 ; Collecting .Box containing 2 tubes (yery
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6 ; Brass Chloroform bottle -/o.
Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly j^»»«ded), l'9 ■ Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per parr ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/b.

rr ' i»" 2,9 '. W?' L.S It cffeff K Jiepidoptera, with Latin and
Sish Namei 1/6, List of British Lepidoptera (every epee.es numbered), 1,- ,

or on one side for Labels, 2/-.
Now readv-Tke Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F Z S-, F.ES "according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, *d. each, 4d. per dozen; Label Lists, 9d. each.

A large stoea of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,

^oleoptera, and Birds' Eggs.

ENTOMOLOGICAL IPI2STS.

The " DIXON " LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamp
without climbing the lamp posts), 3s. od.
SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c.

rKS° ONLY ADDRESS— .

36 STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross,

LO N 33 O N.

Birds and Mammals, pc, Preserved p Mounted by first-class workmen.
Our New Price List (96 pp.) sent post free to any address on application

UONTEN T S. page

Hymenoptera-Aculeata of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney and St. Briac (Brittany)

(concluded). — E. SoMnders, F.R.S., Sfc. .... 145

Quedius obliteratus, Er., confirmed as British. — James H. Keys, F.E.S 147

An Annotated List of Odonata collected in Central Spain by Dr. T. A. Chap-
man and Mr. G. C. Champion in July and August, 1901. — R. McLachlan,

F.R.S., %-c 148

Notes on the females of Arctic and Northern species of Apatania (Plate III). —

Kenneth J. Morton, F.E.S 150

Historical Notes on Aporia cratsegi in Britain. — 0. W. Dale, F.E.S 157

Notes on two British Sawflies.— Rev. F. D. Morice, M.A., F.E.S 158

The identity of Eucera longicornis, Linn. — E. Saunders, F.R.S., Sfc 159

A correction. — R.C.Bradley 160

Ants displaced by Woodlice in New Zealand. — Rev. A. E. Eaton, M.A., F.E.S.... 160

The National Collection of British Lepidoptera. — Eds 160

Xenolechia sethiops in Dumbartonshire. — J. R. Malloch 161

Society. — Entomological Society of London 161

Revision of the Nomenclature of Micro-Lepidoptera (continued). — Rt. Hon.
Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., §"c, and John Hartley Durrani,
F.E.S 163

*m* The Editors are at all times pleased to receive notices of interesting observa-
tions, captures, &c. There has been a falling off in these latterly, owing
to the inclement season.

"T)R. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEW1TZ-DRESDEN,

■^ in their new Price List, No. XLV for 1902, offer more than 16,000 species
of well-named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world,
in finest condition ; 1400 kinds of PREPARED LARV^ ; numerous LIVING
PXJFJE, &c. Separate Price Lists for COLEOPTERA (21,000 species) ; HYMEN*
OPTERA (2800 species), DIPTERA (1900), HEMIPTERA (1600), ORTHOPTERA
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ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.-Meetings for the
Session 1902-1903 :—

Wednesday, October 1st and 15 th, November 5th and 19th, Decem-
ber 3rd, 1902, and Annual, Wednesday, January 21st, 1903.

NOW READY,
THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. XII, New
Series (Vol. XXXVII), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-.

Covers for binding, 1/- each.

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Second Series No. 152.] ATJGUST 1902

[No. 459.]

[Price Qd.

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S

MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLER, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. M'LACHLAN, F.R.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.R.S.
LORD WALS1NGHAM, M.A , LL.D., F.R.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXV11I.]

"J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecnts toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — -Laboulbene.

LONDON :

GURNEY & JACKSON (Me. Van Voorst's Successors),
1, PATERNOSTER ROW.

SOLD IN GERMANY BY FR1EDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN.

NAPIER, PttlNTtK, SEYJIOUK STREET, EUSTON SQUARE.

Ionian ""

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OF THE BEST MAKE.

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Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/

Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6,

Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box. 9d.& 1/ (new principle)

Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d
Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, lOd, lid, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each

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Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz.,

Exchange Lists, Id. (Postage, l^d.)

Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross.

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Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/

Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cloth,

Book Pattern, 16 x 1 1, 8/6 Tin Y» 6d. ; Brass Y» 1/, for Cane Nets.

Breeding Cage, 2/6 ; with Two Compartments, 5/

The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6

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A LIST OF BRITISH DIPTERA,

SECOND EDITION,

By G. H. VERRALL,

Sussex Lodge, Newmarket.

The Practical Scientific Cabinet Makers.

J. T. CROCKETT & SON

(Established 1847),

linkers of cbcrg description ano JM^e of Cabinets, (JJases, JMote
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And Dealers in all kinds of Specimens for Entomologists, Botanists,

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F.R.S., F.L.S., &o. Price, £3 10s.

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IMPORTANT NOTICE.

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consecutive Vols, at £1 per set net (if bound, Is. per Vol. extra).

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WATK1N5 & QONCASTEB, Statupltsts,

Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c. : Umbrella
Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6 ; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 3/- ; Pocket
Boxes, 6d.,9d.,l/-, 1/6; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/-; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/- ; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10 ; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 7/6 ; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/- ; Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ;
Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.
Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9 ; Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6.
Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow-
pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d. ; ditto, best quality, 9d. each ; Botanical Vascu-
lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6 ; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;
or on one side for Labels, 2/-.

Now ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, |d. each, 4d. per dozen ; Label Lists, 9d. each.

$. large stock of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,
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ENTOMOLOGICAL., FINS.

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This Number contains 28 Pages.

CONTENTS. pagk

Bevision of the Nomenclature of Micro-Lepirloptera (continued). — Rt. Hon.

Lord Walsingham, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., Sfc, and John Hartley Durrant,

F.E.S 169

Ellampus truncatus, Dahlb., confirmed as British. — Rev. F. D. Morice, M.A.,

F.E.S 170

The concealed ventral segments and genital armature of Andrena ferox, Stn.,

S.—Id 171

A remarkable instance of deliberation observed in an American Ant. — Baron

C. R. Osten Sacken, Ph.D., Hon. F.E.S 172

On Nyxeophilus corsicus, Marsh., an addition to our Fauna, with a description

of the male.— Claude Morley, F.E.S., fyc 173

Three new Lepidoptera from Aden. — E. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S 175

Psocidse from the district of the Lac de Joux (Swiss Jura). — R. McLachlan,

F.R.S.,^c. : 176

Coleoptera caught in Ireland during Mav and June, 1902. — Stanley W. Kemp,

F.E.S 177

Ceuthorrhynchidius Dawsoni, Bris., in the Isle of Man. — J. Harold Bailey, M.B. 178
Leptinus testaceus, &c, near Bradfield, Gnorimus nobilis near Towcester, and

Meloe brevicollis from South Devon. — Norman H. Joy, F.R.C.S., F.E.S. ... 179

Coleoptera at Rannoch.— Prof. T. Hudson Beare, B.Sc, F.R.S.E.,#c 179

Coleoptera, &c, at Greenhithe and Charing, Kent. — F. B. Jennings, F.E.S. ... 179

Coleoptera in Miller's Dale. — J. Kidson Taylor 180

Osphya bipunctata, F., in East Gloucestershire. — ./. Edwards, F.E.S 181

On the pairing of Homalota liturata, Steph. — Id 181

The Porcupine Louse.— Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, F.Z.S. , &?c 182

Atomoscelis pilosulus, Uhler, in Arizona. — Id. 182

Strachia oleracea, L., in East Kent.— A. J. Chitty, M.A., F.E.S 182

Newspaper Entomology.— IF. W. Smith, F.E.S 182

Andrena ferox, Srn., other Aculeate Hymenoptera, and Stylops melittse, Kirby,

in East Kent. — A. J. Chitty, M.A., F.E.S 182

Sphecodes rubicundus, v. Hag., near Bipley and Chobham. — Rev. F. D. Morice,

M.A., F.E.S 184

Pachyprotasis antennata : a correction. — Id 184

Nemeobius Lucina in Glamorganshire. — J. E. Campbell-Taylor ... 184

Acosmetia caligiuosa in the Hebrides. — 0. G. Barrett, F.E.S 184

On the larval case and habits of Phacoptervx brevipennis, Ct. — R. McLachlan,

F.R.S.,$~c ." 185

Agrioninaa near Oxford. — Id 185

Ischnura pumilio in Ireland.— J. J. F. X. King, F.E.S 186

Obituary.— John William May, F.E.S 186

Societies. — Birmingham Entomological Society 187

South London Entomological, &c, Society 187

Entomological Society of London 188

Antipodian Field Notes. I. — New Caledonia, tbe New Hebrides, and adjacent

islands.— James J. Walker, R.N. , F.L.S., tyc 189

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.-Meetings for the
Session 1902-1903:-

Wednesday, October 1st and 15th, November 5th and 19th, Decem-
ber 3rd, 1902, and Annual. Wednesday, January 21st, 1903.

NOW READY,
THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. XII, New
Series (Vol. XXXVII), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-.
Covers for binding, 1/- each.

London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row. E.C.

Second Series, No. 153.] SEpTEMBER, 1902. LPbice 6rf.

[No. 460.]

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BARRETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLER, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. R. M'LACHLAN, F.R.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDERS, F.R.S.
LORD WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.R.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant lea limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Laboulbene.

LONDON :

GURNEY & JACKSON (Me. Van Vooest's Successoes),
1, PATERNOSTER ROW.

SOLD IN GERMANY BY FR1EDLANDER UND SOHN, BERLIN.

NAPIER, PRIMER, SEYMOUR STREET, EUSTON SQUARE.

I Ml A II ftCPO^

£3. H. MEEK, Naturalist,

56, BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON, S.W.,

Supplies lEntomolocjists ixiitft eberg Requisite

OF THE BEST MAKE.

NEW PETCED CATALOGUE OK RECEIPT OF STAMP.

All Orders, when accompanied by Post Office Order, will receive immediate attention.

Steel Knuckle Jointed Net, folds up for pocket, 4/6 Self-acting ditto, 7/6

Ladies' Umbrella Net, 5/ Cane Ring Net, with Stick, 2/ Wire ditto, with Brass Screw, 2/

Pocket Folding Net, 3 Brass Joints,3/6 & 4/6 Balloon Net, 26 x 18,for Beating,&c, 6/

Telescope Net, 6/, 8/6, & 10/6 Self-acting Sweeping Net, 8/

Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6,

Pocket Relaxing Box, 3/ Killing Box, 9d.&l/ (new principle)

Bottle of Killing Fluid, 9d
Corked Setting Boards, 6d, 7d, 8d, 9d, lOd, lid, 1/, 1/2, 1/4, 1/6, 1/8, 1/10, & 2/ each

Mahogany Pocket Box, with glass to slide in groove, 4/6

Entomological Pins, any size, Gilt or Plain, 1/ per box. Four Sizes, mixed, 1/ per oz.,

Exchange Lists, Id. (Postage, Hd.)

Bottle of Mite Destroyer, 1/ Willow Chip Boxes, nested, four sizes, 2/6 gross.

Setting and Drying House, complete, 10/6, 12/6, and 15/6

Pocket Box, 6d., 9d., 1/, and 1/6 Postal Boxes, 6d.

The Entomologist's Store and Setting House, containing every requisite, £3

Improved Pocket Lanthorns, 4/ and 5/, Zinc Oval Pocket Box, 1/6, 2/, and 2/6

Pupa Diggers, 2/ and 3/ Beating Tray, 15/

Corked Store Boxes, best make, 2/6, 3/6, 4/, 5/, & 6/ Ditto, covered in Green Cloth,

Book Pattern, 16x11, 8/6 Tin Y, 6d. ; Brass Y> V» for Cane Nets.

Breeding Cage, 2/6; with Two Compartments, 5/

The New Glass Killing Bottle, charged ready for use, 1/, 1/3, and 1/6

The New Sugaring Lantern, burns Benzoline, 5/, 6/, & 10/6

A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BRITISH INSECTS KEPT IN STOCK.
DEALER IN BRITISH AND FOREIGN BIRD SKINS.

Priced Catalogue on receipt ot Stamp.
Entomological Cabinets, from Twelve Shillings to Forty Guineas, kept in stock.

show room for cabinets

Cabinets of eveet desceiption made to oedee. Estimates given.

"NATURE,"

A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OP SCIENCE. PRICE Gd.

" Nature " contains Original Articles on all subjects coming within the domain of
Science, contributed by the most eminent scientific writers of the day. It also
contains Reviews of all recent scientific works ; Correspondence Columns, which
form a medium of scientific discussion and of intercommunication among men of
Science ; Accounts of the leading Scientific Serials ; Abstracts of the more
valuable papers which appear in foreign journals ; Reports of the Proceedings of
the Principal Scientific Societies and Academies of the World ; and Notes on all
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(To all places Abroad).
Yearly

£ s.
1 10

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Half-Yearly ,

0 15

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Quarterly

O 8

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Now Ready. Third Edition.

THE LEPIDOPTERIST'S GUIDE,

Considerably Enlarged, freely Illustrated, aud brought to twentieth century date.
PRICE, ONE SHILLING.

Published by GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Row, R.C. ; also sold
by WATKINS and DONCASTER, 36. Strand, London, W.C,

Just published, and obtainable from the author only, price Is., or printed on
one side only, price 2s., postage extra.

A LIST OF BRITISH DIPTERA,

SECOND EDITION,

By G. H. VERRALL,

Sussex Lodge, Newmarket.

The Practical Scientific Cabinet Makers.

J. T. CROCKETT & SON

(Established 1847),

glakers of cberg Description ano §i$e of Cabinets, <2£ascs, jstorc
^o*es, Iparatus, ano gpliances,

And Dealers in all kinds of Specimens for Entomologists, Botanists,

Ornithologists. Geologists, Mineralogists, Numismatists, Conehologists, &c,

and for the use of .Lecturers, Science Teachers, Colleges, Students, &c.

MUSEUMS FITTED AND ARRANGED.

Specially made Cabinet for Birds' Eggs and Skins. The Drawers

graduate in depth, and are all interchangeable.
ALL BEST WORK. ESTIMATES GIVEN.

(Jhgir All Goods at Store Prices. Great advantages in dealing direct with the Makers.
Send for Full Detailed Price List before ordering elsewhere.

7a, PRINCE'S STREET, CAVENDISH SQUARE, LONDON, W.

Factories — 34, RIDING HOUSE STREET and OGLE STREET, W.

Complete in one thick volume, royal 8vo, with 59 plates engraved on copper
from the author's drawings :

A MONOGRAPHIC REVISION AND SYNOPSIS OF THE
jtX TRICHOPTERA OF THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. By Robert McLachlan,
F.R.S., F.L.S., &o. Price, £3 10s.

First Additional Supplement (with 7 plates), Price, 8s.

London : Gueney & Jackson, 1, Paternoster Row, E.C.

Berlin : Feiedlandee und Sohn, 11, Carlstrasse.

EXCHANGE, Ac.

Will any Coleopterists who have collected in DevonHhire kindly send a list of
captures (common as well as scarce) to Rev. Canon Fowler, Rotherfield Peppard
Rectory, Henley-on-Thames, as he is compiling the List of Coleoptera for the
Victoria History of the County of Devon.

Duplicates : Larvas of megacephala. Desiderata : ova or larvae of salicis, men-
thastri, jacobasae, batis, psi, elinguaria, marginata, montanata, and other common
species for renewal. — E. Prtbie, 56, Brunswick Street, Conell, Manchester.

NOW BEADY,
THE ENTOMOLOGIST'S MONTHLY MAGAZINE, Vol. XII, New
Series (Vol. XXXVII), strongly bound in Cloth. Price 7/-.
Covers for binding, 1/- each.

London: GURNEY and JACKSON, 1, Paternoster Bow. EC

Scale of Charges for Advertisements.

Whole Page £2. Half Page £1 Is. Quarter Page 12s. 6d.

Lowest charge, 3s. 6d. up to 5 lines; 6d. per line afterwards.
Repeated or continuous Advertisements per contract.
There is no charge for Lists of Duplicates and Desiderata.

WATKiNS & OOHCASTER, Naturalists,

Keep in stock all Articles for Entomologists, Ornithologists, Botanists, &c. : Umbrella
Net, 7/-; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6 ; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 3/- ; Pocket
Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6 ; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/fi, 4/-, 5/-, «/- ; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/- ; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10 ; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 7/6 ; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/- ; Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin; Setting Houses, 9/0, 11/6, ] 4/- ; Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Hoxes, 9d., 1/- ;
Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, Ac), 4/6 ; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.

Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9 ; Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6.
Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow-
pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d. ; ditto, best quality, 9d. each ; Botanical Vascu-
lum, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6 ; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;

or on one side for Labels, 2/-.
New ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, id. each, 4d. per dozen ; Label Lists, 9d. each.

$ large BtocU of British, European, and Exotic Lepidoptera,
Coleoptera, and birds' Eggs.

ENTOMOLOGICAL FIKTS.

The " DIXON " LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps
without climbing the lamp posts), 3s. 6d.

SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, £ce.

j&tV ONLY ADDRESS—

36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross,

LONDON.

Birds and Mammals, Sfc, Preserved 8f Mounted by tirst-class workmen.
Our New Price List (96 pp.) sent post free to any address on application

This Number contains 28 Pages.

CONTENTS. page

Antipodean Field Notes. I. — New Caledonia, the New Hebrides, and adjacent

islands (concluded).— James J. Walker, R.N., F.L.S., Sfc 197

The position of Phora in the Svstem of Diptera. — Baron C. R. Osten Sacken,

Ph.D., Hon. F.E.3 ' 204

Ogcodes gibbosus, a rare Dipteron stored by Crabro interruptus. — Rev. H. S.

Gorham, F.Z.S 205

Is Macrophya hasrnatopus, Pz., a British insect? — Rev. F. D. Morice, M.A.,

F.E.S 207

A 6cent-producing organ in the abdomen of the worker of Apis mellifica. —

F. W. L. Sladen, F.E.S. , 208

Occurrence of Trisenodes conspersa, Rbr., commonly, in South Devon. — R.

McLachlan, F.R.S., pc 212

Dragon-flies (including [schuura pumilio and Agrion mercuriale in abundance)

and other Neuroptera in the New Forest. — G. T. Porritt, F.L.S. 213

Aquatic Orthoptera in Ceylon. — E. Ernest Green, F.E.S. ..- 214

On a Cicadine new to Britain. — James Edwards, F.E.S 215

Lsemostenus complanatus, Dej., in Ireland : an addition to the British Fauna.

— Stanley W. Kemp, F.E.S 216

A new European species of Pterophoridae. — E. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S 217

Rhizotrogus ochraceus, Knoch, confirmed as British. — Dr. D. Sharp, M.A.,

F.R.S 218

Bembidium argenteolum, Ahr., at Lough Neagh. — Rev. W. F. Johnson, M.A.,

F.E.S 218

A Stylopid attracted by light.— E. Ernest Green, F.E.S 219

Coleoptera, &c, at Woking. — G. C. Champion, F.Z.S 219

Coleoptera from East Kent.— A. J. Chitty, M.A., F.E.S 219

Otiorrhynchus blandus, Gyl., in the Isle of Man. — J. Harold Bailey, M.B 219

Prionocyphon serricornis in Epping Forest. — E. A. Butler, B.A., F.E.S 220

Cionus luctuosus, Bohem., at Tenerife. — E. A. Elliott, F.E.S 220

Lycaena Arion, &c, in Cornwall. — Herbert Goss, F.L.S,, Sfc 220

Note on Leucauia favicolor, Barrt. — Gervase F. Mathew, R.N., F.L.S 220

Lepidoptera in the New Forest in June, 1902.— G. T. Porritt, F.L.S 221

The British Museum Collection of British Lepidoptera. — Sir G. F. Hampson,

Bart., B.A., F.Z.S 221

The white variety of Dianthcecia carpophaga. — Percy C. Reid, F.E.S 221

The habits of Nyssia lapponaria. — Id 222

Luperina testacea, Hb., at treacle. — Eustace R. Bankes, M.A., F.E.S 222

Captures of Lepidoptera in Wilts.— E. Meyrick, B.A., F.Z.S 222

Ceropales variegatus, F., at Woking.— Rev. F. D. Morice, MA., F.E.S 223

Hymenoptera near Hayward's Heath, Sussex. — Id 223

Wasps in Ireland and Berkshire : a specific comparison. — E. Saunders, F.R.S. ,

#-c 223

A melanie aberration of Miris isevigatus, L. — F. B. Jennings, F.E.S 224

T)R. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN,

-*-^ in their new Price List, No. XLV for 1902, offer more than 16,000 species
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ber 3rd, 1902, and Annual, Wednesday, January 21st, 1903.

Second Series No. 154.] 0CT0BER 1902 LpEICE 6rf>

[No. 461.]

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S

MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BAEEETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLEE, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. E. M'LACHLAN, F.E.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDEES, F.E.S.
LOED WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.E.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personualite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Laboulbene.

LONDON:

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CJNTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, WEDNESDAY,

OCTOBER 1st, 1902, at 8 p.m.— Papers to be read :

1. "The Tracheal System of Simulium :" by T. H. Taylor, M.A., communicated by

Professor L. C. Miall, F.R.S.

2. "Ants of British Columbia collected by Edward Whymper :" by Professor

Au°:uste Forel, M.D.

3. "On Heterogynis paradoxa:" by Dr T. A. Chapman, M.D., F.Z.S.

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thoptera.— James J. P. X. King, 1, Athol Gardens Terrace, Kelvinside, Glasgow.

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PAGE

CONTENTS.

New British Fleas (Plate iv).— Hon. N. Charles Rothschild, B.A., F.L.S 225

Notes upon Masicera virilis, Rdi. — C. J. Wainwright, F.E.S 226

On a distinctive character of the imagos of the sub-orders of Diptera : Orthor-

rhapha brachycera and Cyclorrhapha athericera, introduced by Latreille

(1825), but overlooked by later authors. — Baron C.R. Osten Sacken,Ph.D.,

Hon. F.E.S 228

On the variation and habits of Lithosia deplana, Esp. — Eustace R. Bankes,

M.A., F.E.S 229

Notes on the larvae of Eupithecia dodoneata. — Gervase F. Matheiv, R.N., F.L.S. 231
On some parasites of Xylocopa tenuiscapa, Westw. — E. Ernest Green, F.E.S.... 232
A second African species of Psychopsis : Ps. Marshalli, McLach. — R. McLach-

lan, F.R.S., frc , 234

A small contribution towards a knowledge of the Neuropterous Fauna of

Eastern South Devon. — Id 235

Silpha atrata, L., var. subrotundata, Steph., in the Isle of Man. — J. Harold

Bailey, M.B 238

On Otiorrhynchus tenebricosus and O. fuscipes. — J. Edwards, F.E.S ... 240

Bagous lutosus, Gyll., a British insect. — Id 240

Some water beetles of the Esher District. — Stanley W. Kemp, F.E.S 241

Lsemostenns complanatus, Dej., a British insect.— Prof. T. Hudson Beore,B.Sc,

F.R.S.E.,$~c 241

Coleoptera in a Berwickshire Moss. — Id ... 242

Metcecus paradoxus in a nest of Vespa vulgaris 30 feet from the ground. —

W.H. Tuck,M.A 242

Antennal movements in a decapitated Stag Beetle. — E. Saunders, F.R.S 242

Lepidoptera in the Montreux district. — Philip J. Barraud 243

A small form of Lycsena Corydon in Oxfordshire. — bev. Canon Cruttwell,M.A. 244

An albinic variety of Ccenonympha Pamphilus, L. — C. G. Barrett, F.E.S 245

On the flight-time of Argyresthia Atmoriella, Bnks. — Eustace R. Bankes, M.A.,

F.E.S 245

Psammotis pulveralis, Hb., in the Isle of Purbeck. — Id ... 245

Occurrence of Noctua plecta, L., in April.— Id 246

Albinic aberration of Catoptria ulicetana, Hw — Id 246

Tseniocampa gracilis, var. rufescens, Ckll., in East Dorset. — Id ... 246

Senta maritima (ulvse), Acidalia emutaria, and Agdistis Bennetti in East

Suffolk.— Rev. A. P. Waller, M. A , 247

Eupithecia innotata at Aldeburgh.— G. F. Matheiv, R.N., F.L.S., Sfc 247

Crambus fascelinellus at Dovercourt. — Id 247

Panchlora exoleta, Elug (Blattidse), imported into Scotland. — W. L. Distant,

F.E.S 247

Additional localities for Limotettix stactogala, Am.— E. A. Butler, M. A., F.E.S. 248

A few Trichoptera from Llanfairfechan. — R. McLachlan, F.R.S., fyc 248

A dwarfed example of Chrysopa tenella, Schnd. — Id 248

Eecorded localities for British Ichneumons.— Claude Morley, F.E.S 249

Field Notes on Stridulation.— Id 249

Reviews. — Proceedings of the South London Entomological and Natural

History Society for 1901 250

Orchard and Bush-Fruit Pests, and how to combat them : by Cecil

Warburton, M.A., F.Z.S 251

A List of the Beetles of Ireland : by the Eev. W. F. Johnson, M.A.,

F.E.S., and J. N. Halbert 251

Society. — South London Entomological and Natural History Society 252

Second Series, No. 155.] ^Tn VT?1vr r1?t. ,ono ir» *j

r-vrn 409-1 J JNOVEMBEE, 1902. [Price Qd.

[No. 462.]

THE

ENTOMOLOGIST'S
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BAEEETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLEE, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. E. M'LACHLAN, F.E.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SATJNDEES, F.E.S.
LOED WALSINGHAM, MA., LL.D., F.E.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

"J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Laboulbene.

LONDON

GTJENEY & JACKSON (Mb. Van Voobst's Successobs),
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99

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[ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON, WEDNESDAY,

NOVEMBER 5th, 1902, at 8 p.m.— Papers to be read :

1. " New Indian Hymenoptera :" by Major C. G. Nnrse, Indian Staff Corps, F.E.S.

2. " Notes on Drilus flavescens, Rossi:" by L. R. Cravvshay, communicated by C.

0. Waterhonse, F.E.S.
•3. " New species of Indian Chrysididae :" by Major C. G. Nurse.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. -Meetings for the
Session 1902-1903:-

Wednesday, November 5th and 19th, December 3rd, 1902, and
Annual. Wednesday. January 21st, 1903.

NOW READY,
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Net, 7/- ; Folding Cane or Wire, 3/6, 4/-, 4/6 ; Plain Ring Net, 1/3, 2/-, 3/- ; Pocket
Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6 ; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/- ; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6 ; Breeding Cages, 2/6, 4/-, 5/-, 7/6 ; Sugaring Tins. 1/6, 2/- ; Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ;
Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6 ; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.

Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9 ; Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 1U/6.
Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow-
pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d. ; ditto, best quality, 9d. each ; Botanical Vascu-
lurn, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6 ; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;
or on one side for Labels, 2/-.

Now ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, §d. each, 4d. per dozen ; Label Lists, 9d. each.

Jt large stock of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,
Coleoptera, and birds' Eggs.

ENTOMOLOGICAL ZPI2STS.

The " DIXON " LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps
without climbing the lamp posts), 3s. 6d.

SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, «5cc.

^g° ONLY ADDRESS—

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LONDON.

Birds and Mammals, 8fc.t Preserved §f Mounted by tirst-class workmen.
Our New Price List (96 pp.) sent post free to any address on application

C ONTE N T S. ,AGE

Diastictus vulneratus, Sturm, an addition to the British List — E. A. Newbery .. 253
Supplementary note on Diastictus vulneratus, Sturm. — Claude Morley, F.E.S. 254

The British species of Leuctra. — Kenneth J. Morton, F.E.S 255

Notes on the occurrence at Hastings of the larvaa of Cleodora cytiscila, Curt.

—E. Connold, F.E.S 256

On the thorax of the Gerridas. — Dr. E. Bergroth, C.M.Z.S 258

Three new genera of Coccidae from Ceylon. — E. Ernest Green, F.E.S 260

Leucania albipuncta in Suffolk. — C. 0. Barrett, F.E.S 263

Xanthia ocellaris at Ipswich. — E. C. Bedwell, F.E.S. 263

Hepialus humuli in the Faeroe Islands. — Nelson Annandale, B.A 263

Variation in Lithosia deplana, Esp. (depressa, Esp.). — L. B. Prout, F.E.S 263

New food-plant for Melanthia albicillata. — Qervase F. Mathew, R.N., F.L.S. ... 264
Occurrence of Panolis griseovariegata, Goez. (piniperda, Panz.), in June. —

Eustace R. Bankes, M.A., F.E.S 264

Lestes Dryas, Kby. (nympha, Selys), in Lincolnshire. — Eland. Shaw, M.R.C.S.,

F.E.S 264

Abundance of iEschna mixta in South Devon. — 0. T. Porritt, F.L.S 264

Does Sympetrum scoticum hibernate ? — R. McLachlan, F.R.S., 8fc 265

A few Trichoptera from West Cornwall. — W. C. Boyd 265

On a nest of Formica sanguinea and other Hymenoptera near Wellington

College. — W. Barnes 265

Ants displaced by Woodlice in New Zealand. — W. W. Smith, F.E.S 266

Formica exsecta in South Devon.— A. H. Ramm 266

Aculeates at Colchester in 1902. — B. S. Harwood Mf 266

Aculeates in North Wales. — H. O.Bradley s, 267

Lsemostenus complanatus, Dej., at Plymouth. — J. H. Keys, F.E.S 268

A colony of Hister merdarius, F. — F. B. Jennings, F.E.S 268

Stenostola ferrea, Schrk., at Barmouth. — J. Kidson Taylor 268

Giiorimus nobilis near London. — Arthur Cottam 268

Omalium septentrionis, Thorns., in Cumberland. — F. H. Day 268

Metallites marginatus, Steph., on birches near Henley-on-Thames. — Rev. Canon

Fowler, M.A., D.Sc, F.L.S 269

Saperda scalaris, L., at Bretby Park, Derbyshire. — Id 269

Otiorrhynchus ligustici, L., at Matlock. — Id 269

Nabis brevis, Scholtz, and other Hemiptera at Woking. — E. Saunders, F.R.S, 8fc. 269

Cteuophora flaveolata, F., in the New Forest. — Herbert Ashby 270

Reviews. — A Natural History of the British Lepidoptera, vol. iii : by J. W.

Tutt, F.E.S.— F. Merrifield, F.E.S 270

Second Report of the (Natal) Government Entomologist : by Claude

Fuller 271

Societies. — South London Entomological, &c, Society 271

Entomological Society of London 273

Algerian Butterflies in February, March and April, 1902. — (Mrs.) Mary de la

B. Nicholl, F.E.S 274

D1

,E. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEW1TZ- DRESDEN,

in their new Price List, No. XLV for 1902, offer more than 16,000 species
of well-named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world,
in finest condition ; 1400 kinds of PREPARED LARV^ ; numerous LIVING
PUPiE, &c. Separate Price Lists for COLEOPTERA (21,000 species) ; HYMEN-
OPTERA (2800 species), DIPTERA (1900), HEMIPTERA (1600), ORTHOPTERA
(1000), NEUROPTERA (550).

PRICES LOW. DISCOUNT FOR CASH ORDERS.

Second Series, No. 156.] r»T?m?A/rDT?T> ,nno id &j

rv-n Ann^ J DECLMBEE, 1902. L"EICE 6rf.

[No. 463.]

THE

■ENTOMOLOGISTS
MONTHLY MAGAZINE.

EDITED BY

C. G. BAEEETT, F.E.S. W. W. FOWLEE, M.A., F.L.S.
G. C. CHAMPION, F.Z.S. E. M'LACHLAN, F.E.S.
J. W. DOUGLAS, F.E.S. E. SAUNDEES, F.E.S.
LOED WALSINGHAM, M.A., LL.D., F.E.S., &c.

SECOND SERIES— VOL. XIII.

[VOL. XXXVIII.]

" J'engage done tous a eviter dans leurs ecrits toute personnalite,
toute allusion depassant les limites de la discussion la plus sincere et la
plus courtoise." — Laboulbene.

LONDON:

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Larva Box, 6d., 1/, 1/6, & 2/ Sugaring Tins, with Brush affixed, 2/6.

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Rook Pattern, 16x11, 8/6 Tin Y. 6d. ; Brass Y, 1/, for Cane Nets.

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ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON. -Meetings for the
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T)K. STAUDINGER & BANG-HAAS, BLASEWITZ- DRESDEN,
-^ in their new Price List, No. XLV for 1902, offer more than 16,000 species
of well-named LEPIDOPTERA, set or in papers, from all parts of the world,
in finest condition; 1400 kinds of PREPARED LkRVJE ; numerous LIVING
PUP^, &c. Separate Price Lists for COLEOPTERA (21,000 species) ; HYMEN-
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Boxes, 6d., 9d., 1/-, 1/6 ; Store Boxes, with Camphor Cells, 2/6, 3/6, 4/-, 5/-, 6/- ; Zinc
Pocket Boxes, 9d., 1/-, 1/6, 2/-; Setting Boards, from 5d. to 1/10; Complete set
of 14 boards, 10/6; Breeding Cages, 2/6,4/-, 5/-, 7/6; Sugaring Tins, 1/6, 2/-; Sugar-
ing Mixture, ready for use, 1/9 per tin ; Setting Houses, 9/6, 11/6, 14/-; Glass
Topped and Glass Bottomed Boxes, from 1/- per doz. ; Zinc Killing Boxes, 9d., 1/- ;
Coleoptera Collecting Bottles, 1/6, 1/8; Collecting Box, containing 26 tubes (very
useful for Coleopterists, Microscopists, &c), 4/6 ; Brass Chloroform Bottle, 2/6.
Improved Pocket Pupa-digger in leather sheath (strongly recommended), 1/9 ; Steel

Forceps, 1/6, 2/-, 2/6 per pair ; Pocket Lens, from 1/- to 8/-.
Taxidermists' Companion, containing most necessary implements for skinning, 10/6.
Scalpels, with ebony handles, 1/3 ; Fine Pointed Scissors, 2/- per pair ; Brass Blow-
pipe, 4d., 6d. ; Egg Drills, 2d., 3d. ; ditto, best quality, 9d. each; Botanical Vascu-
lnm, 1/6, 2/9, 3/6, 4/6 ; Label List of British Macro-Lepidoptera, with Latin and
English Names, 1/6; List of British Lepidoptera (every species numbered), 1/-;

or on one side for Labels, 2/-.
Now ready — The Exchange List and Label List compiled by Mr. Ed. Meyrick, B.A.,

F.Z.S., F.E.S., according to his recent Handbook of British Lepidoptera.
Exchange Lists, £d. each, 4d. per dozen ; Label Lists, 9d. each.

<& large stock of British, European, and Exotic lepidoptera,
Coleoptera, and Birds' Eggs,

ENTOMOLOGICAL FINS.

The " DIXON " LAMP NET (invaluable for taking Moths off street lamps
without climbing the lamp posts), 3s. 6d.

SHOW ROOM FOR CABINETS, &c.

Ugir ONLY ADDRESS—

36, STRAND, W.C., Five Doors from Charing Cross,

LONDON.

Birds and Mammals, §fc.t Preserved Sf Mounted by first-class ivorkmen.
Our New Price List (96 pp.) sent post free to any address on application

Algerian Butterflies in February, March and April, 1902 (concluded). — (Mrs.)

Mary de la B. Nicholl, F.E.S 277

Gynandrophthalma affinis, Hellw., a genus and species of Coleoptera new to

Britain.— Rev. Canon W. W. Fowler, M.A., P.E.S., fyc 281

On the specific identity of Acletoxenns syrphoides, Fraunf., and Gitona for-

mosa, Lw.— J. E. Collin, F.E.S 282

A new Indian Micro-Trichopteron. — Kenneth J. Morton, F.E.S 283

Note on Orthezia floccosa, De Geer. — E. Ernest Green, F.E.S 284

Acletoxenus formosus at Cambridge. — F. Jenkinson, M.A 285

Crinopteryx familiella, Peyer., bred in England. — T. A. Chapman, M.D., F.Z.S... 285
Lycsena Hylas, Esp. (Dorylas, Hb.), in Britain. — 0. 0. Sloper, F.E.S., and

Sydney Webb 286

Acidalia msticata in Devon. — C. 0. Clutterbuck 286

Crambus bamellus, Thnb., at Chobham.— A. H. Clarke, F.E.S 286

Meloe rugosus at Broadstairs. — Rev. Theodore Wood, F.E.S 286

Miscodera arctica, Payk., in Cumberland. — F.H.Day . 287

LaBmostenus complanatus, Dej., at Woolwich. — E. C. Bedwell, F.E.S. 287

Lsemophlceus bimaculatus, Payk., near Guildford. — G. C. Champion, F.Z.S 287

Saperda scalaris in Cumberland. — G. B. Routledge, F.E.S. 287

Pogonus luridipennis, Dej., on the Lincolnshire coast. — Rev. A. Thomley, M.A.,

F.L.S 287

Histeromerus mystacinus, Wesm., in Devonshire. — G. C. Bigncll, F.E.S. 288

Ectopsocus Briggsi, McLach., abundant at Bognor. — H. L. F. Guermonprez ... 288

Hibernation of Dragon-flies.— W. F. Kirby, F.L.S 288

Obituary. — Dr. Joseph Kriechbaumer . ... 288

Homer Franklin Bassett 289

Dr. Pierre Jules Tosquinet 289

Societies. — Birmingham Entomological Society 289

Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society 291

Entomological Society of London 292

Title-Page, Index, &c. i — xvi

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