„ - ^UNIVERSnTgrCALIFORNIA } COLLEGE of MINING

/ 1 DEPARTMENTAL LIBRARY

BEQUEST OF

SAM U ELBENEDiCTCHRl STY

PROFESSOR OF

MINING AND METALLURGY

1885-1914

EXCAVATION OF ROCK BY MACHINERY

Chasmar-WincheU Press New York and Pittsburg

EXCAVATION OF FLOCK* BY MACHINERY

CATALOGUE N9 5\

O

ROCK DRILLS AND STONE CHANNELING ~ MACHINES

U L L I A N

COMPANY

Copyrighted 1903

by the SULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY

Sullivan Machinery Company

Works

Claremont, N. H. Chicago, 111.

General Offices 135 Adams Street, Chicago, 111., U. S. A.

Branch Offices Claremont, N. H.

New York City, 71 Broadway

Pittsburg, Pa., 339 Fifth Avenue

Denver, Colo., 431 Seventeenth Street

Spokane, Wash., Sioi Howard Street

El Paso, Texas, 206 St. Louis Street

Cable Address, " DIAMOND CHICAGO "

Codes used — Ai, ABC, Fraser & Chalmers, Liebers, Commercial Directory, Western Union

Oince this catalogue was issued we have ^ opened an office in St. Louis, at ROOM 1209

MISSOURI TRUST BUILDING.

ss-

Copyrighted 1903

by the SULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY

Sullivan Machinery Company

Works Claremont, N. H. Chicago, 111.

General Offices 135 Adams Street, Chicago, 111., U. S. A.

Branch Offices Claremont, N. H.

New York City, 71 Broadway

Pittsburg, Pa., 339 Fifth Avenue

Denver, Colo., 431 Seventeenth Street

Spokane, Wash., Sioi Howard Street

El Paso, Texas, 206 St. Louis Street

Cable Address, " DIAMOND CHICAGO "

Codes used — A i , ABC, Fraser & Chalmers, Liebers, Commercial Directory, Western Union

A table showing the prices, dimensions and weights of Sullivan Rock Drills, unmounted, will be found on page 21.

The

Sullivan Machinery Company

also manufactures

Air Compressors for all purposes

Coal Cutting Machines

driven by compressed air or electricity

Diamond Core Drills

for the economical and rapid prospecting of coal and mineral lands

Hoisting Engines for hoisting and hauling

Fans

for ventilating mines and tunnels

Automatic Cross-over Dumps

for the rapid dumping of mine cars

Corliss Engines

for all power purposes

Special catalogues are issued illustrating and describing each of the above classes of machinery, copies of which may be obtained upon request.

Instructions for operating Sullivan Rock Drills will be found on page 47. Instructions for operating Sullivan Channelers on page 99.

Table of Contents

Page

Introductory . . . . . . . . . .11

Rock Drills . .13

Adjustable Tripods . . . . . . . -25

Mining Columns . . . . . . 29

Lewis Hole Tripods . . • • 35

Quarry Bars .... -39

Gadders . .... -45

Instructions for Running Rock Drills . . 47 EQUIPMENT

Blacksmith's Tools . . . . . -51

Sand Pumps .... . . 51

Drill Steels . . . .53

Hose and Hose Connections . . . . . 58

Blasting Devices ... . 59

Boilers ......... 60

Air Requirements of Drills . . .61

Drilling Outfit . .62

Channelers ... -63

Rigid Head Channelers ... .69

Size Y . . . . 71

Size 6^ .... -75

Swivel Head Channelers . . -77

Size Z . . 79

Size 6^ . 83

Size VX 87

Undercutting Channelers, Size VA. 91

Weights and Specifications . • 92

Equipment included in price . 93

Flexible Joints .... -95

Channelers on Public Work . . .96

Instructions for Running Channelers . 99

A table giving the sizes, weights and dimensions of Sullivan Channelers is shown on page 92.

HIS illustrated catalogue, descriptive of the Sullivan Rock Drills and Stone Channeling Machines, is intended to pre- sent in a clear and concise manner the features for which superiority is claimed.

The rock drill is a powerful factor in modern civili- zation ; it has revolutionized mining and quarrying methods and increased to a remarkable extent the development of our mineral resources. It per- forms important services in tunneling through rock for any purpose, in the removal of submarine obstructions, and the construction of railroad cuts and tunnels; without the rock drill the cost of much of this work would be prohibitive. The stone channeling machine, used for years in quarry- ing dimension stone, came into prominence before the engineering public during the construction of the Chicago Drainage Canal, and has since been employed extensively on work of a similar nature throughout the world.

The Sullivan Rock Drill is the result of the experience of forty years in manufacturing rock working machinery. In its construction care has been taken to strengthen parts which through experience were found to give continuous trouble in drills of other makes, the number of working parts was reduced to a minimum, and as the result, the cost for repairs on Sullivan Rock Drills is lessened, while their capacity is greater than that of any other drill on the market. The Sullivan Direct Acting Channeler was perfected nearly fifteen years ago, to meet the demand for an econom- ical quarrying machine of high capacity. The trade has shown such appreciation of this channeler that it is now recognized throughout the country as standard, and since the construction of the Chicago Drainage Canal it has been the favorite for work of this type.

Only the best materials are used in the manufacture of Sullivan machinery, and all parts being made to jigs and templates, are perfectly interchangeable.

As a personal interview is always preferable to correspondence, it is requested that intending purchasers of rock drills and quarrying machinery advise the company, that a representative may be immediately sent to con- sult on the matter and advise the best course under the given conditions.

SULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY

June 1, 1903

The Sullivan Rock Drill mounted on adjustable tripod

12

The Sullivan Rock Drill

For Excavating Rock

THE Sullivan Rock Drill is a reciprocating or striking machine, driven by steam or compressed air, and is designed to meet all the practical requirements for use in mines, quarries and general contract work of this nature.

For rapid work, especial attention has been given to the design of the valve motion, in order to secure a hard, quick blow, which may be regulated as to length of stroke and force of blow, to give the best results in starting the hole and working through seams of broken rock.

The valves are designed for either steam or air, and when air is used will not

freeze or stick. The valves are bal- anced, making the wear but slight, and allowing the whole power of the steam or air to be utilized for effective work in- stead of wasted in overcoming friction. Another important requirement in a rock drill valve motion has been pro- vided for in the "Sullivan," the drill lx, has a powerful up stroke or lift. This is fully as important as a heavy down stroke or blow, and comes into play in the proper "mudding" of the drill-hole,

keeping the mud well out from below the bit, and securing rapid work in caving or seamy ground, which tends to cause

'3

The Sullivan Rock Drill on adjustable tripod (Rear view)

the drill steel to stick. There are several drills on the market which do good work in hard ground, but are ineffi- cient in soft, and vice -versa; but it is claimed for the " Sullivan " that it will give

the best results obtainable be conditions | H chuck

what they may, and that it is an all-round machine.

To secure economy, the drill is so con- structed as to do rapid work with the leasi possible consumption of steam or air, aij simplicity and strength unite with speed lessen the cost of the work.

Cost of repairs will be found to be slight, as the drill is strong and durable. The working parts are simple, are per- fectly interchangeable, and those worn out or broken by accident may be easily and quickly replaced.

Further economy and convenience are secured by making the drills, tripods, columns and all attachments easy to adjust, compact, and as light as is consistent with ample strength. The tripod may be set conveniently for all classes of work, and the weights quickly removed and easily handled.

The improved features of the drill and mountings are all covered by patents.

1 6

Detailed Description of the Sullivan Rock Drill

THERE are especial features of the Sullivan Drill which make it superior to all others. VALVES. — The patented valve has a differential feature which is entirely original with this company, and gives it all the positiveness of a tappet valve, with the greater durability of the piston type; its Action is instantaneous, exact and absolutely uniform ; it is the simplest and lightest valve made, and rarely breaks or wears out. Jn action it is not affected by the wear of any other part of the drill, and it requires less power in operation than any other valve made ;

it works equally well with air or steam ; is remarkably free from danger of freezing, and cannot be choked or clogged by wet steam.

VALVE CHEST. — The valve chest is extremely simple, and together with the valve, will outlast all others under the most adverse conditions.

RATCHET. — The ratchet is vastly superior to others in effectiveness and durability. Instead of the short-lived dogs or pawls and ratchet teeth used in drills made by other manu- facturers, steel rollers are used which engage in the rounded surfaces of the ratchet head ; there are no sharp edges to chip and no flat surfaces to wear down in this ratchet ; it is claimed

for it that it will outwear four of any other make, under the most trying con- ditions. Twisting of rifle bars is unknown in the Sullivan Drill.

FEED SCREW AND FEED

Valve

'7

NUTS. — The feed screws are made with heavier threa'd, and the feed nuts are longer than in those made by other manufacturers, thus insuring larger wearing surfaces and longer life to these parts. No BUFFERS. — No buffers are used in the cy- linders ; the shock of the piston when it strikes the front head is absorbed by coiled springs on the side rods. These springs are far more durable and effective than rubber buffers such as are used in other makes, and breakage of side rods is almost unknown in the Sullivan Drill.

BLOW. — The blow is uncushioned and of un- equaled strength. The recovery is instantaneous and has the full power of the pressure. The drill will throw mud from a wet hole and dust from a dry hole better than any other.

PISTONS. — The pistons are made from the finest steel forgings and are remarkably free from breakage.

FEWER PARTS. — Fewer parts are used in the construction of the Sullivan Drill than in any other make of drill, and this important fact should be borne in mind by prospective pur- chasers of rock drills.

REPAIRS. — The cost of repairs and of time lost for repairs is much less on a "Sullivan " than on any other drill on the market. This is an important item and should be remem- bered when comparing with other quotations the first cost of Sullivan Drills.

DUPLICATE PARTS. — All parts of the Sullivan Rock Drill are made perfectly interchangeable, and as a large stock is

always kept on hand, any part for the machine may be sent at once upon receipt of order.

' CONVENIENCE. — The steam or air connec- itions may be made on either side of the drill. The method of fastening the drill on tripod or mine column is the simplest and best offered as no kingbolt is used.

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X29 X30

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X 46

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Standard parts of Sullivan Rock Drill

22

List of Parts of Sullivan Rock Drills

IMPORTANT NOTICE. — In ordering repair parts be sure to give the class letters of drill or diameter of cylinder, also name of part, and when possible the number stamped or cast on the part to be replaced. The numbers shown on the accompanying cut are for identification only.

Name of Part

X24 Piston ring spring (for 2 or 4

piece ring X25 Rifle nut

nuts X26 Collar under ratchet head X27 Rifle bar and ratchet head X28 Ratchet ring X29 Ratchet spring X30 Ratchet pin X31 Top cylinder head X32 Crank handle (state if 4 or 5

inch throw is wanted) X33 Washer under crank handle X34 Yoke

X35 Feed nut with check nut X36 Feed screw X37 Stud or yoke, with nut and

sleeve X39 Lower cylinder head, bare

(air)

X40 Leather packing ring (air) X41 Upper bolt and nut for lower

head (air) X41A Lo wer bolt and nut for lower

head (air)

X42 Bushing for lower head (air) X44 Packing strip for top cylin- der head

X45 Top cylinder head (air) X46 Shell bare for loose gibs X47 Gibs for X46 X48 Bolts (8) for X47 gibs

Name of Part XI Side rod spring X 2 Side rod (air) with nuts and lock washer

X 2A Side rod (steam) with

and lock washer X 3 Shell, with gibs X 4 Chuck bolt with nuts X 5 Clamp block X 6 Chuck bushing X 7 Nut for chuck bolt X 8 Gland for lower head (steam)

X10 Clamp bolt for lower head (steam)

X12 Lower cylinder head, bare (steam)

X14 Bushing for lower head (steam)

X15 Cylinder, bare

X16 Piston and chuck, with bush- . ing and rotating nut

X17 Plug for steam chest with lock

X18 Bushing for valve chamber X19 Steam chest, bare X20 Valve

X21 Screw or stud with nut for steam chest

X22 Lock for steam chest plug { Piston ring (2 piece ring) ' Piston ring (4 piece ring)

33

ullivan Adjustable Tripod

24

The Sullivan Adjustable Tripod, for Mounting Rock Drills

THE Sullivan Adjustable Tripod is designed to meet all requirements of a mounting of this character. The universal joint applied to the Sullivan is more rigid when in position than any other, and does not possess the disadvantages in construction of an offset. By loosening one bolt the leg may be thrown into any position, so that the tripod may be quickly set up, no matter how irregular the ground, or how awkwardly located the surface to be drilled. All the legs are steel pointed, are telescopic, and may be lengthened or shortened at will.

The shell of the drill has a bevel trunnion which exactly fits the saddle of the tripod and is secured by a clamp. The drill may be changed quickly and easily from the tripod to the quarry bar, shaft bar, mining column, or any other style of mounting without removing it from the shell.

The Sullivan Tripod has an unusually wide range of adjustment, as the following pages show. All bolts and nuts used on the tripod have standard thread and any blacksmith can repair or replace them.

Prices^ Weights and Spec ifi cations

		Weight in Pounds
Size	Used with Drills		Price with	Code Word
		Tripod	(3) Weights	Total Ship-	Weights
		only	only	ping
U1	UA	55	120	175	$30.00	Bambooing
U2	UA, US	100	220	320	40.00	Bamboozle
TT8	UB, UC, UC2, UD	200	310	510	50.00	Bamburral
IT 6	UD, UE2, UF2	225	355	580	55.00	Banalidade
U7	UH, UH2, UK	350	395	745	60.00	Banality
U9	UL	525	520	1045	65.00	Banaman

For prices, weights and specifications of drills for attaching to tripods, see page 21.

NOTES— (1). The " U D " Drill may be used on a " U 3 " Tripod if the work is light, but this mounting is not recommended for deep holes.

(2). The "Ul" Tripod is made especially as a "UA" Drill mounting for "plug and feather" work, and differs from the heavier tripods in not having the universal joint.

Sullivan Rock Drill on adjustable tripod

26

Sullivan Rock Drill on adjustable tripod

Sullivan Rock Drills on Sullivan Double Screw Mining Columns

28

The Sullivan Mining Columns, Shafts and Sloping Bars

CAREFUL attention has been given to the construction of Sullivan columns, to secure at once strength, lightness and convenience in setting up. The col- umns are made in several lengths to suit different heights of drifts, a usual length, measured with the jackscrews drawn in, being six feet. The drill is perfectly adjustable when mounted on one of these columns, as by the use of the safety clamp placed just below the arm clamp on the double screw column, and below the saddle on the single screw column, the drill may be swung into any desired position; it may also be moved up or down on the column, and as a further adjustment may be revolved in the saddle; in fact, there is no position in which the drill may not be set up.

The double screw mining column is designed for use in large tunnels. It is the usual custom in large headings to mount two rock drills on one of these columns, and they are made of sufficient strength to permit this use.

The single screw column is used in tunnels of small dimensions, and in mining as a stoping bar or a shaft bar. The clamp or saddle shown in the adjacent cut, for at- taching the Sullivan Drill to the column, is of very simple construction. The drill may be mounted or unmounted quickly and changed from column to tripod or vice versa, without change of bolts.

In using a column wood blocking should always be placed at the ends to give an even binding surface.

The accompanying illustrations will enable the reader to form some idea of the range of adjustability of the drill on these mountings.

Saddle

29

Sullivan Rock Drills mounted on single screw mining columns

Prices, Weights and Specifications of Sullivan Mining Columns, Shaft and Stop ing Ears

Size	U 21 U 24	U27	U29
Diameter of Column in Inches	3	4	4^ : 5^
Size of drill used with the different Columns	UA, US UB, UC, UC2	UD, UE2, UF2	UH, UH2,UK, UL
Single Screw Mining Column with Saddle	6 Feet in Length	Weight in Pounds Column with Saddle	100 185	215	240
Code Word	Bardaicos Bardaicum	Bardajes	Bardandoli
8 Feet in Length	Weight in Pounds Column with Saddle	120	215	245	280
Code Word	Bardenkoor	Bardenlied	Bardennes	Bardeorum
Price 6 to 8 Feet in Length	$37.00 $41.00	$50.00	$68.00
Double Screw Mining Column with Adjustable Arm and Saddle	6 Feet in Length	Weight in Pounds, Col- umn with Ad-; loo 630 justable Arm i and Saddle	380	430
Code Word	Bardiscti	Bardismic	Bardling	Bardolf
8 Feet in Length	Weight in Pounds, Col- umn with Ad- justable Arm and Saddle	180	350	400	470
Code Word	Bashematli	Basiabas	Basiabo	Basiabunt
Price 6 to 8 Feet in Length	$45.00	$50.00	$60.00	$80.00
Adjustable Arm Separate	Price	$10.00	$11.00	$12.00	$13.00
Code Word	Basiatoni	Basiator	Basiatoris	Basiavisti
Saddle or Clamp Separate	Price	$12.00	$13.00	$14.00	$17.00
Code Word	Basified	Basifixe	Basifugal	Basigenas

NOTES. —(1) In ordering columns, state minimum length required, allowing for wood blocking at both ends. The jackscrews permit the lengthening of the columns several inches.

(2) If longer or shorter column than 6 or 8 feet is required, use code word as above, and in addition state length. Columns are made of any desired length.

(3) For prices, weights and specifications of rock drills (unmounted) for attaching to above mining columns, shaft and stoping bars, see page 21.

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The Sullivan '•'•UA' (2-inch^ and "US" (2%-inc/i} Rock Drills

THE " U A " and "U S" drills are constructed on ex- actly the same principles as the drills of larger size, but from their very large sale a little extra space may justly be given them in mentioning their adaptability for mining and quarrying work. Owing to their light weight and the ease with which they may be moved and operated by one man, they have become a great favorite in all parts of the country. For mining purposes they are usually mounted on a light column or shaft bar, and are used for sinking the smaller shafts, drifting and stoping, and are invaluable for use in small stdpes, as one man may carry the drill into any part of a stope, set it up, and run it himself without the aid of a helper; in this way a large number of men can be done away with and a great saving made in the cost of extracting the ore. One man- with the "US" drill will drill more feet of holes in one shift than six men with hand hammers. Large numbers of the "US" drills are used in the mining regions for stoping, doing away entirely with hand drilling.

In the quarry the " UA " is an absolute necessity for the breaking up of large blocks into smaller sizes; for this pur- pose it is used on a light quarry bar. In this work alone it soon pays for itself in the saving of time, over the old hand drilling system. The " UA " mounted on its special tripod is very convenient for breaking up large pieces of rock after a blast, as well as for drilling holes in boulders to split them up, and for "plug and feather" work.

Testimonial letters pertaining to Sullivan Rock Drills will be gladly furnished when desired.

For prices, weights and specifications of "UA" and "US" Sullivan Drills, see page 21.

33

Sullivan Rock Drill on Lewis Hole Tripod

34

The Sullivan Lewis Hole Tripod

THE Sullivan Lewis Hole Tripod is used when three or four holes are required to be put down close together and parallel to one another. It would be impossible to accomplish this result with the ordinary tripod, as the drill could not be moved and set up in exactly the same line for the second, third and- fourth holes as it was for the first, with- out considerable loss of time. The Sullivan Lewis Hole Tripod has all the advantages of the regular tripod for quick adjustment, such as universal joints, telescopic legs, etc., with the addition of a planed and slotted front bar which permits of a lateral movement of the drill; and thus the parallel holes can be drilled without resetting the tripod, and the cores, or uncut rock between the holes, can be cut out by a special bit, called a broaching bit, the tripod being still used without any change in position. This broaching can be done much more easily than if the holes were diverging, as they would be if drilled from the ordinary tripod, for in that case the holes not being parallel, the partitions between them increase with the depth and become more difficult to knock out.

Prices and Weights

Size	For Drills Size	Weight in Pounds	Price with Weights	Code Word
Tripod only	(3; Weights only	Total Shipping
U3 U6 U7	UA, UB, UC, UC2 .	245 275 380	315 360 393	560 635 773	$60.00 70.00 80.00	Banapare Ban arias Banasta
UC, UC2, UD, UE2, UF2. UH.UH2.UK, UL ..

For prices, weights and specifications of drills for mounting on above tripods, see page 21.

35

HOSE NIPPLES

N57

N58

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PLUG

COCK

SPUDoRREDUCER 'N62

N27

PARTS FOR LEWIS HOLE TRIPOD

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35

The Sullivan Round Quarry Bar

THE Quarry Bar is used for plug and feather work, channeling, or any other kind of drilling where it is necessary to have the holes in line and parallel to one another. In plug and feather work, a break is made along the line of holes, but in channeling the core or partition between the holes is "broached out " by a special bit.

The Sullivan Round Quarry Bar is especially adapted to such work, being made very rigid and strong in every detail. The carriage is so constructed as to be easily and quickly moved along the bar, thus changing the position of the drill without loss of time. The legs are steel, pointed at one end, and not being in the same vertical plane, can cross each other if it should be necessary to lower the quarry bar for horizontal work at the bottom of the ledge. The " Sullivan " is the only bar in the market possessing this valuable point of adjust- ment. It is made in different lengths and weights to suit all sizes of drills, and in ordering care should be taken to purchase a bar heavy enough for the work required, as the greater the weight of the bar the less lost motion there will be in drilling.

NOTE.— The " U 40" quarry bar, for 2 and 2X inch drills, is not fitted with a rack and pinion, as owing to the lightness of the drill, the carriage can be easily slid along by hand.

For prices and weights, see page 41.

Channeling granite with the Sullivan Quarry Bar, in C. E. Tayntor & Co.'s Quarry, Hallowell, Me.

39

Rock Drill on Sullivan Round Quarry Bar

40

Channeling with the Sullivan Quarry Ear

CHANNELING as a method of " opening up a head " in granite quarries, and also for getting out large dimension work, is now generally used, and there- fore perhaps a few remarks on the subject will not be considered out of place.

The width of core partition between the holes at the sur- face should be gauged by the depth of the channel, for if deep holes are put in and the bits decrease in size every two feet, the core will become y& inch wider in every change of steels ; if then a wide core is started with, and the drilling be deep, the time necessary to knock out the very thick core at the bottom would be greater than that required in putting in a few more holes, and keeping the partition narrower at the top.

There is no kind of work harder on a rock drill than the broaching out of cores, consequently a large size of steam drill is recommended for channeling, as being cheaper than the smaller machines in the long run, owing to their greater ability to withstand the severe strain put upon them. When the channel is being cut the rock invariably moves and tends to bind the bit, hence some makes of machines, having little or no lifting power, become stuck and are entirely useless for this class of work. The great lifting power of the Sullivan Rock Drill makes it almost indispensable in every quarry where channeling is done.

Prices and Weights

		tp	Weight in Pounds
		o>
Size	For Drills Size	jd be	1	Sn	C/3 £ &>	c« JL	be S'E	Price without Drill	Code Word
		c		x .S*	^	4) $5	o a
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			n		^ 03	s	CO
U40	UA, US, UB	8	160	100	430	400	1090	$175.00	Bouade
U40	UA, US, UB	10	200	115	430	400	1145	175.00	Bouash
U43	UC. UC2, UD,
	UE2, UF2	10	265	140	690	620	1715	250.00	Boubac
U43	UC, UC2, UD,
	UE2, UF2	12	320	170	690	620	1800	250.00	Boubant
U45	UH,UH2,UK,UL	12	450	180	850	715	2195	300.00	Boubouler

The " UC " drill is sometimes used on the " U40" bar, and the " UH" drill is often used on the " U43" bar, though in the latter case extra heavy legs are provided, at an additional cost of $15.00.

For prices, weights and specifications of drills for above mountings, see page 21.

List of Parts of Sullivan Round Quarry Ear

IN ordering repair parts give the numbers indicating the size of the bar, the number of the part and the name ; also, when possible, the number stamped or cast on the part to be replaced. The numbers shown on the accom- panying cut are for identification only.

»

83. Crank handle and split pin (1) for No. 94 shaft and pinion.

88. Leg yoke (2).

89. Cap (2) for leg yoke No. 88.

92. Saddle (1).

93. Bolt and nut (2) for No. 92 Saddle.

94. Pinion and shaft end squared for No. 83.

95. Pinion bushing and set screw (1) for No. 92 saddle.

96. Bolt nut (1) for No. 97 clamp jaw.

97. Clamp jaw for holding rock drill (I).

98. Trunnion at end of bar (2).

99. Bolt and nut (4) for No. 98 trunnion. 100. " U " bolt and two nuts (2) for No. 89.

104. Eye bolt and nut (4) for No. 105 swivel washer.

105. Swivel washer (4) for No. 88 leg yoke.

106. Leg (4).

107. Weight (4).

108. Leg clamp and two bolts (4) for weight.

109. (U45 only) washer (4) for No. 104 eye bolt.

43

The Sullivan Steel Gadder

44

The Sullivan Gadder for Dimension Stone IF o r k

THE gadder is used for drilling holes under a tier of stone for the purpose of separating it from the floor of the quarry, for drilling holes in- order to break the tier into smaller blocks suitable for shipping or sawing, also for broaching out checks or steps in solid rock faces or masonry. By the use of plugs and feathers (wedges) driven into the holes made by the gadder, the stone is split apart, the break usually nmning back to a channel previously cut by a channeling machine.

The Sullivan Gadder consists of a rock drill attached to a standard upon which it slides up and down. The standard may be set at any angle, and the drill swiveled on the stand- ard so as to cut in any direction. It drills horizontal holes close to the quarry floor, leaving a nearly level surface and reducing waste in stone. Holes may also be drilled into the quarry floor, perpendicularly or at any angle. The carriage upon which the drill and standard are mounted is provided with wheels for convenience of movement. A pointed pin at each corner prevents shifting while the drill is in opera- tion. The carriage is sufficiently heavy to hold the machine steady except when the drill is near the top of the standard, when a tie rod is attached at this point and fastened into the channel cut at the farther side of the block.

The inlet and exhaust pipes may be attached to either side of the steam chest of the gadder drill, an important advantage in drilling close to a wall. The feed on this drill is thirty-six inches instead of twenty-four, as on the regular UC drill, and the steam chest is on the side instead of on the front of the cylinder. This construction allows horizontal holes to be put in very close to the quarry floor.

45

The Equipment Furnished with Gadder without Extra Charge Includes

DRILL and standard mounted on carriage, with eleva- ting screw and hand-wheel, chain hoist and four steady pins.

Tie rod and wedge with clevis and bolt, to steady the machine.

Fifty feet of steam hose with clamps, nipples and unions.

Twenty-five feet of water hose with clamps, nipples and unions.

Crank handle for chain hoist.

Set of steels to six feet in length.

Extra packing for front head.

Extra ratchet springs.

Throttle valve with union and nipple.

Oil can.

Complete set of wrenches.

Binding post.

Price, heights and Specifications of Sullivan Gadder •, with

Drill

Weight in Pounds	Gadder set up ready to run, including drill standard and carriage.	2,700 3,000
Gadder with complete equipment
General Dimensions	Length of carriage Width of carriage . ...	5 feet 6 inches 4 feet 0 inches 8 feet 0 inches
Height from floor, standard vertical
Price, compl Code \Vord	jte with 93/-inch drill and equipment	$650.00 Edostome

Larger or smaller drills than the above may be mounted on the gadder carriage, at special prices, which will be quoted upon application.

Instructions for Running the Sullivan Rock Drill

WHATEVER the mounting it must be firmly secured. If the drill is mounted on a tripod or quarry bar, set the mounting in the desired po- sition and then "spot" a small hole in the rock with a hand drill for each leg, and place the weights on the legs. Where the rock is so soft that the jar of the machine causes the legs to cut into the stone, and thereby throw the drill out of line with the hole, it is necessary to put a wooden block under each leg. An iron plate, with a hole in it for the leg, should be screwed on each block. In setting up a mining column or shaft bar it is well to have the foot plates for the jacks riv- eted or bolted to a piece of hard wood plank. Run the jack screws back as far as possible, and place the column or bar in position, and place blocks or wedges tightly between the top plate and the rock. Draw up on the jack screws, and as the drill is started, keep tightening the screws until the column or bar is secure. The mounting being in place, fasten the machine rigidly to it. Always blow out the hose before con- necting it to the drill. Before starting, the rock should be leveled off where the hole is to be put.

Where compressed air is used the drill will start at once ; but with steam it will take a few minutes for the machine to become equally heated. Do not strike the steam chest or any other part of the drill, or loosen any bolt or side rod, for when the steam chest and cylinder become sufficiently heated the drill will start. Start the drill slowly and on a short stroke. When the hole is about 5 inches deep give the machine full head of air or steam, and feed it down corres- ponding to the rate at which it cuts into the rock. When the first steel has cut to its depth remove it and put in the next length, and so on to the final depth of the hole.

All down or " wet " holes should be kept partly filled with water, and if the mud should clog the drill steel remove it, and clean out the hole with a " sand pump." In drilling up, or " dry " holes, it is a good plan to place the bit end of the next length drill in such a position that the dry dust from the

47

'

hole will fall on it and keep it dry; for if a wet drill steel be put into a dry hole the diist adheres to it and clogs it. When the drill strikes a cavity or seam in the rock, crank the machine down to a short stroke, until the bit has started in the next ledge.

Start dry holes as near as possible on a level. When the hole is four or five inches deep, loosen the clamp or saddle nuts and raise the drill to the highest point of the hole ; then tighten first the back clamp nut, then the front nut. This makes the drill cut down, and in ordinary rock the hole may be drilled without again moving the machine. The drill should be given as long a stroke as possible without injury to the machine. In drilling back holes through damp ground do not run the full length of the feed screw. In working the drill back, give it sufficient air to prevent the cuttings from packing round the bit, and bring it back quickly. Very often ground is encountered which drills fast but in water holes does not splash the mud from the bottom. In this case give the machine a half head of air and a very long stroke, so that the piston lightly taps the front head, giving a slight jar to the drill which prevents the mud from clogging the bit.

Do not keep the machine running if the piston stops rotating, or if the drill stops cutting. If a tripod leg has worked low causing the steel to bind in the hole, straighten it up. If a column arm is too high let it down, or vice versa. Always keep the drill steel in the center of the hole, even if it necessitates readjusting the mounting, and avoid running with crooked drill steels or shanks. Have the steel tight in the chuck or it will rapidly wear the crriick bushing, which causes the drill to run out of center, and results in excessive friction and wearing of the bit on the sides of the hole. In starting a steam machine, which has been shut down some time, do not oil until the water is all out of it, then oil often and in small quantities, through the oiler which is furnished with each machine. Also remove the plug in the top head and oil frequently. Use a good grade of cylinder oil when running with steam, and a zero black oil when running with air.

Do not use any heavy grade of oil when using air, as such oil freezes readily and retards the drill.

Sullivan Blacksmith Tools for forging drill steel

Sullivan Sand Pumps & Blacksmiths Tools

F o

Forging Drill Steel

SAND pumps are necessary to clean out the mud from drill-holes. They are made with an eye at the top, to which may be attached a rod or chain for the purpose of lowering- into the hole.

The Sullivan Sand Pump is an improvement over the old pumps heretofore used, in that the rubber ball forming the valve, which very often becomes stuck in the tube, is done away with and an exterior plug used in its place ; the valve or plug is attached to the lifting- rod running throug-h the tube so that in lowering the valve is opened, and in raising the whole weight of the pump and contents acts against the valve to keep it closed.

The size of sand pump required is governed by the diameter of the drill hole at the bottom.

Outside diameter % inch 1 inch iy inch ll/2 inch 1^ inch Price, 2 feet long.. $1.00 $1.00 $1.25 $1.50 $1.50

Code Word Besuconas Besugadas Besugos Besuguete Besuquets

Prices of Blacksmiths' Tools for Forging Drill Steel

For US to UL Drills	For UA Drill only
XT
	Number	Price	Code Word	Number	Price	Code Word
Swage	-4	$1.25	Btr liana	11	$1.25	Boekband
Sow ! *2	2.75	Birltng	12	250	Boekdeel
Dolly + . . . 3	3.00	Birlonga	13	2.50	Boekhaak
Flatter 4	1.50	Birnkopf	14	1.25	Boekweit
Spreader . .	5	1.50	Birnmuss	15	1.50	Boekworm
Dolly x	6	3.00	Exbirlonga	16	2.50	Exboekhaak
Per set ll		10.00	Birsche		9.00	Boemund
dolly only f
Drill Shank Swages
For Anvil	7	$0.75	Boenla-b
Hammer .		8	.75	Boenoa

used

Shaped dollies are always furnished unless otherwise ordered. * When ordering Sow give size of steam drill with which the steels are to be

When ordering drill shank swages, give diameter of shank to be swaged.

Sullivan Sand Pump and Drill Steel

52

Drill Steel

THE steels furnished with the Sullivan Rock Drill are made from a high grade of domestic steel, which has been found to give the best result in maintaining the cutting edge.

This cutting edge or bit is usually of the + or X shape. For use in hard and uniform rock the former is recom- mended; but when there is a tendency to "rifle," the use of the X is preferable to the -+- bit, as in rotation it has only 50 per cent, of the possibility of striking in the same place, and hence the chance of "rifling" a hole is reduced to one-half.

By the vise of blacksmiths' tools any blacksmith may easily make and dress the bits. Much depends upon their being properly dressed and tempered, as steel is often con- demned for not keeping an edge, when the trouble is really due to the tempering and not to the quality of the steel.

The Sullivan Rock Drill Oiler

PERHAPS no machine is so poorly oiled as the rock drill. It is a mistake to pour a considerable quantity of oil into the cylinder and expect that the drill nicely lubricated for a two or three hours' run, for if a piece of plank is held in front of the exhaust, it will be found that most of the oil is blown out in the first two or three strokes of the drill, and consequently there is no lubrication of the piston until another charge of oil is put in. The Sullivan Oiler is the only one admitting oil to the cylinder gradually and during the whole length of time the drill is running; this result is accomplished by a drip cup in the oiler which allows the oil to go through drop by drop, thereby adding to the life of the rock drill.

53

Prices , Weights and Specifications of Drill Steels for Sullivan Rock Drills

(Formed and Sharpened, but not Tempered]

For Drill UUA"— 2 Inches — Feed 12 Inches
Size of Shank, K in- x 3% in-
Name of F Each Part	LegularSize T Size of Gauge Length Steel of Steel Weigh Inches wl11 Cut Inches j Poun	tin Price
ds Single	Set
Starter 2d Length 3d Length 4th Length 5th Length	\% 1ft. 0 in. 3^ $1.45 1% 2 ft. Oin. 5 1.75 \% 3ft. Oin. K 6 2.00 1% 4 ft. 0 in. K 7^ 2.25 1 5 ft. 0 in. K 9 2.50	$1.45 3.20 5.20 7.45 9.95
Code word, s< Code word, s Code word. s<	it tO 3 ft	Betaalde
it to 4 ft	Betaculi
it to 5 ft	. . Betaculus
For Drill "US"— 2% Inches— Feed 15 Inches
Size of Shank, % in. x 4 in.
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Weight Inches 1 in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
1^1	1 ft. 3 in. 2 ft. 6 in. 3 ft. 9 in. 5 ft. 0 in. 6 ft. 3 in.	1 1	5 9 10 13 Ifi	$1.60 2.00 2.20 2.55 2.90	$1.60 3.60 5.80 8.35 11.25
Code word, s< Code word, s( Code word, s<	it to 3 ft. 9 in	Betagt
it to 5 ft. 0 in	. . Betakelen
it to 6 ft. 3 in	..Bet alter
For Drill "UB"— 2^ Inches — Feed 20 Inches
Size of Shank, % in. x 4%. in.
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Inches	Weight in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
IK	1 ft. 8 in. 3 ft. 4 in. 5 ft. 0 in. 6 ft. 8 in. 8 ft. 4 in.	1 1	,1 5? 21	$1.85 2.10 2.55 3.00 3.50	$1.85 3.95 6.50 9.50 13.00
Code word, s< Code word, si Code word, s	it to 5 ft. 0 in	Beterschap Biconge Biconvexo
*t to 6 ft 8 in
it to 8 ft. 4 in
For Drill UUC"— 2^ Inches — Feed 24 Inches
Size of Shank, 1 in. x 4l/z inches
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Inches	Weight in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
5	2 ft. 0 in. 4 ft. 0 in. 6 ft. 0 in. 8 ft. 0 in. 10 ft. 0 in. 12ft. Oin.	1 8 1 1 1	10 18 20 25 30 35	$2.20 3.10 3.20 3.75 4.40 4.95	$2.20 5.30 8.50 12.25 16.65 21.60
Code word, s Code word, s Code word, s Code word, s	et to 6 ft	. . BJcorpor
et to 8 f t	. . Bicrural
et to 10 ft	. , Bicuculle
et to 12 ft ...	. . Bicrida

54

Prices , Weights and Specifications of Drill Steels for Sullivan Rock Drills — Continued

For Drill "UC2"— 2^ Inches — Feed 18 Inches
Size of Shank, 1 in. x 4^ in.
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Inches	Weight in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
s* . 1% ig i^	1 ft. 6 in. 3 ft. 0 in. 4 ft. 6 in. 6 ft. 0 in. 7 ft. 6 in. 9 ft. 0 in. 10 ft. 6 in.	V/s 1/8 1 1 1 1	8 14 15 19 23 26 30	$2.00 2.75 2.80 3.25 3.80 4.25 4.80	$2.00 4.75 7.55 10.80 14.60 18.85 23.64
Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se	t to 6 ft 0 in Biculla
t to 7 ft. 6 in Bicumid
t to 9 ft. 0 in - Rtrufias
t to 10 ft. 6 in . .	Btcutto
For Drill "UD"— 3 Inches — Feed 24 Inches For Drill "UE2"— 3% Inches — Feed 24 Inches For Drill UUF2"— 3J< Inches — Feed 24 Inches
Size of Shank, \yz in. x 4% in.
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Inches	Weight in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
2% m 2K r« 1H 1H	2 ft. 0 in. 4 ft. 0 in. 6 ft. 0 in. 8 ft. 0 in. 10 ft. 0 in. 12 ft. 0 in. 14 ft. 0 in. 16 ft. 0 in. 18 ft. 0 in. 20 ft. 0 in.	1# ig 154 1	11 19 23 31 39 47 55 63 71 79	$2.30 3.30 8.75 4.50 5.30 6.15 7.05 7.90 8.75 9.60	$2.30 5.60 9.35 13.85 19.15 25.30 32.35 40.25 49.00 58.60
Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se Code word, st Code word, se	t to 10 ft Bidbank
t to 12 ft Biddende
t to 14 ft Bidelle
t to 16 ft Rid.flu.lf
t to 18 ft	..Bidiram . . . Kidistonta
t to 20 ft
For Drill "UH"— 3^ Inches — Feed 30 Inches
Size of Shank, \}{ in. x 5% in.
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Inches	Weight in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
3 m 2K 8V 2/8	2 ft. 6 in. 5 ft. 0 in. 7 ft. 6 in. 10 ft. 0 in. 12 ft. 6 in. 15 ft. 0 in. 17 ft. 6 in. 20 ft. 0 in.	$ IK ll 11 • 1#	18 82 37 48 59 70 81 92	$2.95 4.45 5.05 6.40 7.60 8.65 9.95 11.30	$2.95 7.40 12.45 18.85 26.45 35.10 45.05 56.35
Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se	t to 12 ft 6 in Bidtlaats
«t to 15 ft 0 in	..Bids fond . .Biaueiar
t to 17 ft 6 in . .
t to 20 ft. 0 in Biqmnho

55

Prices, Weights and Specifications of Drill Steels for Sullivan Rock Drills — Continued

For Drill "U H2"— 3^ Inches — Feed 24 Inches
Size of Shank, 1% in. x 5J^ in.
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Inches	Weight in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
3 2% It* 2% 2% %l/3 2 1% IK Ifg	2 ft. 0 in. 4 ft. 0 in. 6 ft. 0 in. 8 ft. 0 in. 10 ft. 0 in. 12 ft. 0 in. 14 ft. 0 in. 16 ft. 0 in. 18 ft. 0 in. 20 ft. 0 in. 22 ft. 0 in. 24 ft. 0 in.	1/8 IjJ % 1* 1$ IK IK 1K	15 25 31 41 50 57 63 76 82 92 103 109	$2.65 3.94 4.46 5.63 6.66 7.53 8.53 9.85 10.85 12.00 13.60 14.15	$2.65 6.59 11.05 ' 16.68 23.34 30.87 39.40 48.25 59.10 71.10 84.70 98.85
Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se	:t to 14 ft Biquodain
t to 16 ft Biquorum
t to 18 ft Biquosser
t to 20 ft Biqitot
For Drill "U K "— 4J< Inches — Feed 30 Inches
Size of Shank, \yz in. x 6 in.
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Inches	Weight in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
3/8 3^ 3% 3K t* m 2% 23/8	2 ft. 6 in. 5 ft. 0 in. 7 ft. 6 in. 10 ft. 0 in. 12 ft. 6 in. 15 ft. 0 in. 17 ft. 6 in. 20 ft. 0 in. 22 ft. 6 in. 25 ft. 0 in. 27 ft. 6 in.	1 JIZ 1% \% 1 V' 1#	27 47 66 74 90 107 123 140 156 174 190	$4.26 5.86 7.38 8.00 9.30 10.70 11.94 13.30 14.58 16.00 17.30	$4.26 10.12 17.50 25.50 34.80 45.50 57.44 7074 85.32 101.32 113.62
Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se	t to 20 ft. 0 in Birkens
t to 22 ft 6 in Birkwein
t to 25 ft. 0 in Bialaba
t to 27 ft. 6 in Birlabais
For Drill " U L"— 5 Inches — Feed 30 Inches
Size of Shank, 1^ in- x 6^ in.
Regular Size of Gauge Inches	Length Steel will Cut	Size of Steel Inches	Weight in Pounds	Price
Single	Set
4 3% 3K 3^ 3^ ^3/ 3K 3}4 8 2% 23/4 %tt 2Y2	2 ft. 0 in. 4 ft. 6 in. 7 ft. 0 in. 9 ft. 6 in. 12 ft. 0 in. 14 ft. 6 in. 17 ft. 0 in. 19ft. 6 in. 22 ft. 0 in. 24 ft. 6 in. 27 ft. 0 in. 29 ft. 6 in. 32 ft. 0 in.	1% Ijl I&	22 39 42 65 81 98 114 131 148 165 182 200 217	$3.50 5.40 7.60 8.25 10.00 11.90 13.65 15.50 17.40 19.25 21.10 23.10 24.95	$3.50 8.90 16.50 24.85 34.85 46.75 60.40 75.90 93.30 112.55 133.65 156.75 181.70
Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se Code word, se	t to 25 ft 0 in Btrlacking
t to 27 ft. 6 in Btr ladder
t to 30 ft 0 in . . . Birlagg
»t to 32 ft. 6 in Birlandem

Hose and Sullivan Hose Connections

57

Steam and Air Hose for Connecting to Sullivan Rock Drills

IN the selection of hose for the purpose of making connection with rock drills, experience has shown that a high quality is cheaper in the end than a less reliable grade. Particularly is this true of steam hose, whose life is usually short, owing to the action of heat upon the rubber, and to the great pressure of the steam. Various substitutes for rubber have been and are being tried, but have as yet reached only the experimental stage.

For steam hose marline winding has been found best, as this prevents the hose from damage, adds to its strength and is much cooler to handle than metal winding. Half round wire is recommended for air hose, as the flat surface will not cut the rubber, while the half round form minimizes friction. This form of winding will not kink, and adds materially to the life of the hose.

Marline wound hose is always furnished with steam drills and half round wire wound hose with air drills, unless otherwise ordered.

The Sullivan Hose Connections

The Sullivan connections consist, for one end of the hose, of a special threaded nipple with swivel union to attach to the steam pipe. For the other, of a special nipple with swivel union to attach to the throttle valve, and two pair of special hose clamps.

Prices and Specifications of Sullivan Hose

Without Connections
Description	For Drills Size	25 Feet Long	50 Feet Long
Price	Code Word	Price	Code Word
% in., 4 ply, steam. % in.. 4 ply, air 1 in., 5 ply, steam . 1 in., 5 ply, air \Y± in., 6 ply, steam. \Y^ in. ,6 ply, air	UA, US, UB UA, US,UB UC, UC2, UD, UE2, UF2 UC, UC2, UD, UE2, UF2 UH, UH2, UK, UL UH, UH2, UK, UL	$10.35 9.40 15.90 14.15 24.15 21.45	Bedelry Bedesman Bedestond Bedeuten Bedeutunz Bedgenoot	$20.70 18.80 31.85 28.30 48.25 42.90	Bedilling- Bedizen Bedjah Bedompt Bedoting Bedroog
With Connections
Description	For Drills Size	25 Feet Long	50 Feet Long
Price	Codeword	Price	Code Word
y± in. , 4 ply, steam . ^ in., 4 ply, air 1 in., 5 ply, steam. 1 in., 5 ply, air IX in. ,6 ply, steam. \% in., 6 ply, air	UA, US, UB UA, US, UB UC, UC2, UD, UE2. UF2 UC, UC2, UD, UE2; UF2 UH, UH2, UK, UL UH, UH2, UK, UL	$13.75 12.60 20.40 laea 2925 26.55	Bedtafel Bedutdsel Beduinas Bellabunt Bellacem Bellacity	$24.10 21.80 36.35 32.80 53.35 48.00	Bellator Bellatrix Bellatuli Bellliase Bellhund Belliatos

Electric Rock Blasting Apparatus

FOR the convenience of customers, the company can supply complete electrical rock blasting apparatus, all of the best materials and of most modern design. Prices and code words for the various devices are given below.

Price $25.00

50.00 15.00 15.00

U. S. standard blasting machine, No. 3, fires 1 to 20 holes

U. S. standard blasting machine, No. 4, fires 40 to 50 holes

Victor magneto blasting machine, fires 5 to 8 holes

Standard electric fuse and blast tester .

Leading wire reel for holding 1,000 feet wire

Connecting wire holder for holding 2 spools of wire

Battery testing lamp with stand, complete .

Battery testing lamp without stand

Connecting wire on 2-pound spools per spool* .

Connecting wire on 5-pound spools, per spool*

Connecting wire on 10-pound spools, per spool* * One pound of the above wire contains 250 feet.

Leading wire in 500-foot coils, per coil .

Insulating tape in ^-pound pkgs., per ^ pound

Victor Electric Platinum Fuses

Code Word Brunhild

Bruniame Brunibarbe

Single Strength Ordinary Quality

Equal to Quintuple Force

4-foot wires 6-foot wires 8-foot wires 10- foot wires 12-foot wires 14-foot wires 16-foot wires

Per 100 $3.00 3.54 4.08 4.62 5.16 570 6.24

Code Word

Bramantip

Bramarbas

Bramarian

Bramasse

Brambalie

Brambly

Bramidos

Single Strength Ordinary Quality

Equal to Quintuple Force

18-foot wires 20-foot wires 22- foot wires 24- foot wires 26-foot wires 28- foot wires 30-foot wires

9.32 10.32 11.32 12.32

^ Double Strength ^gl Ordinary Quality			Double Strength Ordinary Quality
7|ffl| Equal to			Equal to
JH Quintuple Force	Per 100	Code Word	Quintuple Force	Per 100	Code Word
ra 4-foot wires	. $3.75	Braminic	18-foot wires	. $7.53	Brumous
; g 0-foot wires	. 4.29	Braminical	20-foot wires	. 8.07	Brunda
H 8-foot wires	. 4.83	Brammast	22 foot wires	. 9.07	Brundisina
0 10-foot wires	. 5.37	Bramosia	24-foot wires	. 10.07	Brundisium
<B 12-foot wires	. 5.9t	Bramoso	26-foot wires	. 11.07	Brundulus
m 14-foot wires	. 6.45	Bramsegel	28-foot wires	. 12.07	Bruneteau
LJP 16-foot wires	. 6.99	B ram fop	30-foot wires	. 13.07	Brunettino

59

Boil

THE company is in a position to furnish boilers of standard manufacture to its customers at favorable prices. These boilers are made of the best materials, represent the most approved patterns, and are thoroughly tested before shipment.

60

Table Showing Cubic Feet of Free Air Required to Run from One to Forty Sullivan Rock Drills

AMOUNT FREE AIR PER MINUTE

No. of	UA	us	UB	uc	UD	UE	UF	UH	UK	UTv
Machines	Sin.	2#in.	S^in.	2Kin.	3 in.	3^ in.	3^ in	3tt in.	4^ in.	5 in.
1	65	67	70	95	110	112	115	130	140	165
2	110	115	120	160	190	194	200	235	250	280
3	156	165	174	234	279	284	294	340	360	405
4	196	206	220	304	356	361	372	435	460	524
5	230	240	260	370	425	433	445	520	555	635
6	264	275	294	426	486	498	516	600	642	738
7	294	305	329	476	546	560	581	670	721	826
8	320	335	360	520	600	618	640	740	800	920
9	360	375	405	585	675	695	720	830	900	1035
10	400	425	450	650	750	770	800	920	1000	1150
12 15	480	500	540 675	780 975	900 1125	925 1155	960 1200	1100 1380	1200 1500	1380 1725
20				1300	1500	1545	1600	1850	2000	2300
25				1625	1875	1930	2000	2300	2500	2775
30				1950	2250	2320	2400	2770	3000	3450
40				2600	3000	3100	3200	3700	4000	4600

The above figures are for air pressure at 60 pounds. For 75 pounds pressure add one-fifth; for 90 pounds, two-fifths to the above figures.

For figures on the requirements of Sullivan Drills for steam, see page 21.

61

Drilling Outfit

FOR the benefit of those desiring to purchase their first rock drill plant, the following list comprises a complete outfit, which contains everything necessary for operation aside from boiler or air compressor.

One Sullivan Rock Drill, with throttle valve, oiler, wrenches and extra set of packing for front head, see page 21.

One Sullivan Universal Joint Tripod, with weights and wrench, see page 25.

One set of drill steels, sharpened ready for use to a depth of .... feet, see page 54.

One .... foot length of .... inch .... ply (marline or wire) .... wound (steam or air) .... hose with connections, see page 58.

One set of blacksmiths' tools (five pieces) for forming and sharpening the drill steel bits, see page 51.

One sand pump for cleaning out the holes, see page 51.

If for quarry work and quarry bar is required substitute :

One Sullivan Steel Quarry Bar with weights and wrenches, see page 39.

If for mining or tunneling and shaft bar or column is required substitute :

One Sullivan Column with clamp, see page 31.

NOTE. — The number and size in each case will depend upon the size of drill decided upon.

62

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The Sullivan Channeling Machines

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HE Sullivan Steel Gang Channeler is a direct-acting single-gang machine, a con- struction which admits the greatest possible simplicity of mechanism with the least practicable loss of power in transmission, and which, combined with a fast-running engine, results in high capacity, low operat- ing expense and unusual conven- ience in manipulation. These results are further insured by many details of construction, such as inde- pendent cutting and propelling engines; ability to work rapidly in any kind of stone and in any part of a quarry; the use of cushion valves to increase efficiency and economy ; absence of keys or wedges to hold drills in cross head; the use of iron steam pipe with swivel joints, by which the expense of steam hose is avoided; and other features, details of which will be found in the following pages, and the value of which will be apparent to owners and managers of quarries.

It is claimed for this machine that it will cut more feet of channel per day than any single or double-gang channeler now made, and with less cost in labor, steam consumption and repairs. Only two men are required to run it, instead of three men as required for double-gang channelers. In very soft stone, however, a third man may be used to good advan- tage. It is readily moved about or operated in small space, and the head or standard can be set at either end of the machine, to cut into any corner, making the machine either right or left-hand. Owing to these conditions, in connection with its light weight, it is well adapted for opening new quar- ries, where a larger and heavier machine would not find sufficient room to operate. In developed quarries where space will permit long sections of track, two or more machines are commonly used on the same track. Cutting

66

efficiency is by this means increased, since the slush in the channel is thereby prevented from settling to form a cushion through which the drills must strike to reach solid rock.

In the design of these machines special attention has been given to the study of details of construction. For all wearing parts ample adjustment has been provided to take up the lost motion and to insure a perfect alignment of the parts. This feature alone makes a great saving in repairs.

The record made by the Sullivan Channeler since it has been introduced has been very gratifying. The success it. has achieved is shown by the fact that it is now the only channeler which the marble companies of the country will buy. For example, the Vermont Marble Co. now owns nearly fifty, and there has been no other make of channeling machines sold in the great marble quarrying fields of Ver- mont, where over one hundred are in use, for several years. In the Georgia, Tennessee and North Carolina marble quar- ries there are more than fifty Sullivan Channelers, and but four have been sold there of other makes combined since the introduction of the Sullivan machines fourteen years ago. In the great building stone district of Indiana, where the formation encountered is oolitic limestone, these machines meet with the same favor as elsewhere, and over sixty chan- nelers have now been sold there. On the Chicago Main Drainage Canal, where channeling machines were used for the first time on a great public work, out of a total of eighty- nine channelers used, fifty-five were of Sullivan manufacture. The first machine sold on the canal was of this make, as were the last three. The conditions under which channeling was done on this work were unusually severe, owing to the uneven, broken and " wild " nature of the rock, the depth of cuts, and the necessity of forcing the work. How well the Sullivan Channelers met these requirements is best shown by the record of the number of machines used.

The different styles of this channeler are illustrated in the following pages, and additional types for special work will be furnished if desired. It has been the policy of the company to study the special requirements of the stone industry and build machines to meet the varying conditions of the different methods of quarrying stone. Besides this, they are always anxious to perfect the details of their standard machines to make them more convenient, strong, efficient and durable.

67

Sullivan Rigid Head Channeler, size Y.

68

The Sullivan Rigid Head Channelers

THE Sullivan Rigid Head Channelers are designed for use in quarries and on public work where ver- tical channels only are required. These conditions exist in quarries where the floors are large and where there is no particular objection to a small offset on each floor, also on public work which necessitates but two or three cuts in depth. The cutting head on these channelers may be moved to either end of the frame to cut up into corners or to the wall without turning the machine around, as is necessary with channelers of other manufacture.

The rigid head channeler usually carries a boiler, as it is apt to be used at a distance from the fixed boiler plant, which would necessitate long lines of steam pipe with con- sequent loss of power by condensation. The use of a boiler on these machines is strongly recommended, since the chan- neler is thereby insured a constant supply of dry steam at the required pressure. Thus the machine is enabled to work continuously at full capacity, and the cost per square foot of channel is reduced to a minimum. Under very good conditions, the steam supply may be obtained from a boiler plant near at hand. It is then conveyed to the machine through swivel pipe, allowing a run of twenty- five or thirty feet, without the inconvenience of rubber hose. The difference in weight, due to the presence or absence of the boiler, has no effect on the efficiency of the channeler, since the main engine is very smooth in its operation and the whole machine carefully balanced.

The Sullivan Rigid Head Channelers are built in two sizes, the Y and the 6^, which are described in detail upon the following pages.

69

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The Sullivan Rigid Head Channelers

Designated as Size T and Size 6 V2

THE Sullivan Rigid Head Channeler, size Y, is a heavy, powerful machine of great cutting capacity, built to give the best results under the heaviest duty. With this machine cuts of fifteen feet in depth may be put in, and it has sufficient cutting power to overcome the difficul- ties arising from the loose and broken ground liable to be encountered where channeling is required on public work. The Y channelers were used with great success on the Chicago Main Drainage Canal, and are now the favorite type for quarrying oolitic limestone in the Indiana district, where over sixty are in use. The illustration on page 70 shows the method in vogue in this district, of using two or more machines on the same track.

The frame is a solid casting, a construction which insures The perfect alignment of all bearings and is much superior to the built up frame. The frame is carried on cast steel trucks with heavy flanges to stand the weight of the machine when off the track. The trucks are keyed securely to heavy axles, which run in tough bronze bearings, perfectly lubricated by felt liners situated in recesses in the axle caps and pressed against the axle by springs.

The main or chopping engine may be set at four points Main on the frame, two of these being at the ends. The engine standard is securely gibbed to the frame on a high plate or "washboard." The cylinder is seven inches in diameter, providing for a heavy blow, while the valve motion, being the same in design as that used on the Sullivan Channelers of lighter make, gives a quick blow.

The cylinder is bolted fast to a sliding steel apron gibbed to the standard throughout its length, thus preventing the possibility of side strains. This apron carries phosphor bronze gibs for the cross-head, causing the latter to maintain its position relative to the apron.

71

The gibs for apron and cross-head are completely adjust- able for wear, and the parts thus constantly remain in perfect alignment. The chopping engine is raised and lowered by means of a feed screw, which is attached to the upper cylin- der head, directly in line with the piston rod. This position permits the successful use of take-up nuts, thus preventing lost motion and breakage as the parts wear. The feed screw is operated through bevel gears and a sprocket chain, by a shaft driven by the feed engine. This device accomplishes a great saving of time and labor, though the feed screw may be raised by hand if desired. The engine is under perfect control for a blow of any desired force in cutting the stone. The blow may thus be directed with full power upon the solid rock or, at will of the runner, be cushioned to permit the passing over of mud seams or other spots where the drills would not encounter rock.

The feed engine is of the vertical plain engine type, Feed especially designed, and is provided with an automatic gov- ernor, carefully protected from dust and breakage, to give the desired speed along the track. This engine is very carefully constructed from the best materials, and is admira- bly adapted for its purpose. All power is transmitted by friction, and in the event of neglect by the runner, the clutch will slip before exerting sufficient power to cause breakage, in case of sudden stoppage of any nature. The feed engine also furnishes the power for raising and lowering the main engine. The thrust shaft and worm gearing are perfectly protected from dust and grit. The ends of the shaft are squared to fit crank handles, by which the machine may be moved along the track by hand. The worm gearings are of steel and bronze with thread of heavy pitch, and at all times run in a tight oil reservoir. The ball bearings located at each end of the thrust shaft reduce friction to a minimum, and make the duty of propelling the machine a light one for the feed engine.

The boiler used on the Y channeler has an extended Boiler shell, increasing the steam capacity more than one half, and insuring dry steam for the engines. Foaming when poor

73

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water is used, and the consequent cutting of the boiler, is also thus avoided. The boiler is of the submerged flue type, dif- fering from others of the same type in having a large center flue of boiler plate steel riveted to both top and bottom crown sheets. This construction insures rigidity of the crown sheets, and relieves the central flues from overduty, undue strain and tendency to leakage. The accumulation of sediment on the crown sheet is also thus prevented to a great extent. The boiler is built of high grade steel, set low in the frame of the machine and securely held in position. These boilers have a large water leg and an unusual number of hand holes in the water leg, as well as over the crown sheet, giving ample facilities for thorough cleaning. They are provided with complete fixtures, including injector, suction hose and strainer, gauge cocks, safety valve, pressure gauge, firing tools, etc.

The Sullivan Rigid Head Channeler, size 6^, is of the 6^ Rigid same general type as the Y, but it is lighter and of some- channeier what less capacity and power. The chopping engine stand- ard, as in the Y machine, is mounted on a "washboard," but owing to the lighter weight of this engine and of the cutting parts, the sliding apron is dispensed with and the feed screw is operated by ratchet and hand lever, instead of by power, as in the Y.

All the channelers except the VX machine are pro- vided with a rig consisting of a casting and two bolts, by which the truck wheels may be pulled off the axles when it is necessary to replace them ; and all the channelers, including the VX, are supplied with slings which hook into clevises placed conveniently in the frame, allowing them to be easily handled when a derrick is available.

For weights, dimensions and general equipment, see page 92.

75

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The Sullivan Swivel Head Channelers

THE Sullivan Swivel Head Channelers are designed for use in quarries where angle as well as vertical cutting is required. This condition exists in quarries where the stone is under heavy cover, making stripping expensive, or where the formation pitches and must be fol- lowed, requiring tunneling to overcome the necessity of removing heavy layers of worthless rock. The develop- ment of quarries by this method is well illustrated by the cut of the Columbian Marble Quarrying Co.'s quarry at Proctor, Vt., on the opposite page.

At this point, with a comparatively small surface open- ing, the quarry is enlarged at each floor by angle wall cuts, saving the removal of undesirable stock at the surface and giving constantly increasing floor space as the quarry is deepened. The flashlight views on pages 74 and 100 illustrate the tunneling method as practiced with these machines in the deep quarries of the Vermont Marble Co., at West Rutland. The strata or beds of valuable stock have been followed to a depth of two hundred and fifty feet, and by tunneling to a distance several hundred feet under the hill.

These are but two instances among many that exist in the quarries of this country. On public work these machines are especially valuable where it is necessary to carry excavation to great depths. See illustration of the wheel-pit excavation at Niagara Falls, on page 98.

The Sullivan Swivel Head Channelers are built in three sizes, as described and illustrated on the following pages.

77

Sullivan Swivel Head Channeler, size Z.

Sullivan Swivel Head Channeler

'This Machine Designated as Size Z

THE Sullivan Swivel Head Channeler, size Z, is simi- lar in size of cylinder, cutting capacity and details of chopping- engine to the Y machines already fully described. The main engine, however, is mounted on a heavy swinging plate, making possible the putting in of angle wall cuts, as with the 6^2 and VX machines. This mounting is firm and strong, and there are no bolts to break, as the strain is borne directly by the casting. The Z channeler is designed for use where channels of great depth are desired, or where the stone is very hard and the conditions severe. The head may be swiveled so as to cut out the corners of a quarry, and the machine may be used for trans- verse or tunnel cuts. The chop- ping engine may be placed at three points on the swivel plate : in the centre, or at either end. The end positions allow the en- gine to be placed at an angle of thirty degrees with the vertical, while the plate may be swiveled *back to allow an angle cut of thirty-six degrees, or of forty- eight degrees when special braces are used. An angle of thirty-six degrees gives an undercut of about three feet nine inches in a six-foot channel.

The Z machine may be used with a boiler if desired, in that case performing all the work done by the Y rigid head channeler. In addition, angle wall cuts may be put in up to twelve degrees with the vertical, amounting to an undercut of about fifteen inches in a six-foot channel. Cross

Sullivan Swivel Head Channeler, size Z, with boiler.

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cuts may also be continued into the wall cuts, when these are of less than twelve degrees, by swiveling the engine on the plate. The customary practice is to build these machines without boilers, for use in quarries where the veins are in- clined or on a level.

An automatic trip is furnished with the Z and 6% machines, by means of which the channeler is reversed at the end of the cut. It is operated by rods close to the track, which strike dogs clamped to the rail at each end of the cut. These dogs are easily shifted along the rail, and the use of this trip allows the runner to put his attention on other work.

This machine has met with great success in the marble quarries of New England and in deep excavations on public work, its great power and cutting capacity rendering it well fitted for such difficult work. For weight, dimensions and equipment, see page 92.

The Z machine, together with all the Sullivan Chan- nelers of other types, may be operated by compressed air as well as steam. Air is preferable under conditions necessitat- ing the use of a number of machines at points distant from the central power plant and from each other. In -this case a suitable reheater is mounted on the machine to secure the utmost efficiency. The Z channelers used in constructing the wheel pits at Niagara Falls and the great canal of the Lake Superior Power Co., at Sault Ste. Marie, were driven by air as above described. The reheaters may be distinguished in the cut on page 98.

NOTE. — The approximate amount of air at 80 pounds pressure neces- sary to operate the Y and Z channelers is, without reheating, about 350 feet per minute. The size 6)4 machine will use about 300 feet under the same conditions, while the VX channeler will use approximately 200 feet.

81

82

Sullivan Swivel Head Channeler

This Machine Designated as Size 61-2

THE Sullivan Swivel Head Channeler, size 6^, was the first successful direct-acting channeler placed upon the market, and is still the standard for marble quarries. It has been improved from time to time, and all features have been thoroughly tested by years of use. It is the favorite in the great marble quarries of Vermont, Tennes- see and Georgia, on account of its light weight, great cutting capacity and wide range of adjustability. With this machine, angle wall cuts of thirty-three degrees with the vertical may be put in, giving an undercut of about three and one-half feet in a six foot cut. The engine may be inclined at -any angle up to twenty-seven and one-half degrees for cutting out corners or continuing cross cuts into angle wall cuts. These angles may be increased by means of special braces to ninety and seventy-five degrees, respectively. In putting in horizontal tunnel cuts, however, the usual practice is to remove the hack brace entirely, supporting the standard on a platform set upon the frame for that purpose.

The chopping engine standard is supported on a solid Main steel bar secured rigidly to the frame. The standard may be En#ine set and firmly clamped at any point on this bar. The joint is such that the standard may be set at any angle from vertical to horizontal. An adjustable back brace consisting of a cast- iron sleeve and a heavy steel screw, holds the standard firmly in position from the rear, while laterally the standard is supported by a steel rod, one end of which is fastened to the top of the standard and the other clamped to the bar.. This clamp may be slid along the bar and makes a convenient method of inclining the standard without the use of a screw.

The cylinder is raised and lowered by a feed screw operated by a ratchet and hand lever, and situated between the sides of the standard, parallel with the piston rod. It passes through a feed nut held in lugs on the back of the

83

The Sullivan Swivel Head Channeler, size 6^

cylinder, and is provided with a take-up nut. The standard is provided with guides throughout its length, in which the cylinder and cross-head work. The guides are lined with steel liners, which may be easily replaced when worn. The cylinder and cross-head are provided with suitable gibs, which may be shimmed up or replaced when worn.

The valve for the chopping engine is of the same general Valve type as that used on all Sullivan Channelers, with the excep- tion of the VX. A balanced piston valve of ordinary type controls the chopping piston. This is in no way mechanically connected with the engine. A separate valve, moved by a lever and link connected with the cross-head, gives the cut-off at a definite point in the stroke. A small reverse valve at the top of this cut-off valve controls the main valve by admitting live steam to either end. This valve motion is very economi- cal, as the steam is used expansively, and has a wide range of adjustment, working equally well under a hard or light blow. It has been tested by years of use and has been found perfectly satisfactory. The cushion valve, which prevents the piston from striking the bottom-head, when passing over a mud seam or cavity in the rock, is a round valve of the Corliss type in the exhaust passage, which chokes the exhaust, thus forming a steam cushion.

The machine is moved along the track by the same style of gearing as that employed on the Y and Z channelers. A starting and a reverse lever control this motion, which is further governed by an automatic trip, already fully described on page 81. The 6^ channeler is used almost invariably without boiler, as the presence of the latter greatly limits the ability of the machine to put in angle cuts. When desired, however, the machine is built with boiler. This is of the plain vertical type, with submerged flues. An attachment for mounting a rock drill, similar to that used on the VX machine, will be furnished if desired.

For weights, dimensions and general equipment, see page 92.

86

Sullivan Side Hill Channeler Designated as Size V X

THE Sullivan VX Swivel Head Side Hill Channeler is the lightest track machine manufactured, having been built to meet the growing demand for an effec- tive machine for light work. It has become very popular in the slate quarries of Pennsylvania, Vermont, Maine and Vir- ginia, and in fact has superseded the bar channeler as the standard machine for this and other light work. It cuts slate more rapidly than any machine previously used, thus obviating to a large extent the use of powder, which shattered the stone severely, and was a cause of considerable loss in the production of valuable slate. The VX will readily cut chan- nels to ten feet in depth, occasioning a great saving of time and labor in moving the machine, etc. It is well adapted for opening new marble, limestone and sandstone quarries, being easily moved and set on the most uneven surfaces.

The feed engine is practically the same as that used on the Y channeler, except that it is placed horizontally, allowing the cuts to be put in at any angle from vertical to horizontal. The large size of this feed engine in proportion to that of the machine, insures ample power to propel the machine at constant speed on track of any required incline. This channeler will easily perform accurate and reliable cut- ting when set on any incline up to thirty degrees. The track is provided with a machine-cut rack on the inner side of the rail, which is fitted by gears on the trucks. These gears are cast solid with the trucks, the flange forming a shrouding for the teeth, so that breakage is almost impossible. The trucks are flanged on both sides, and to further prevent the machine from leaving the track, should such a possibility arise, heavy gibs extend from the frame under the head of the rail. The automatic governor is so nicely adjusted as to keep the machine at a constant speed along the track, whether ascend- ing or traveling down hill.

87

The Sullivan Side Hill Channeler, size VX

The valve motion is a departure from the style used on other Sullivan Channelers. The main valve is of the balanced piston type controlled by a cut-off valve at all times under the control of the piston. These valves are constantly lubri- cated by the oil admitted to the cylinder, reducing wear to a minimum; being entirely enclosed it is impossible for any grit to reach them. The crosshead is provided with a cushion valve similar to that used on other Sullivan Channelers.

On page 86 is shown a VX channeler fitted with an attachment for mounting a Sullivan UC Rock Drill upon the bar that supports the main engine standard. This drill will put in holes in line with the channeler steels at all angles at which the channeler can be placed. The channeler is thus enabled to cut up to the end of the channel throughout the whole depth of the cut. This attachment will be furnished with each machine unless otherwise ordered.

If desired, an attachment to the standard will be pro- vided to overhang the frame similar to the VA machine, whereby the channeler will be able to cut a horizontal chan- nel, the center of which is less than six inches above the top of the rail.

No boiler is used with the VX machine. For weights, dimensions and general equipment, see page 92.

Sullivan VX Charmeler in Jackson Bros, slate quarry, Pen Argyl, Pa.

90

Sullivan Undercutting Channeler This Machine Designated as Size VA

THE Sullivan Undercutting Channeler, size VA, is de- signed for horizontal undercutting in stone quar- ries, where, owing to the nature of the deposit, the benches cannot be raised by the ordinary method. It is also valuable in quarries where tunneling is necessary. This machine will also cut channels ranging slightly from the horizontal, provision being made for sufficient variation to meet the requirements of a pitching vein. The machine will swivel so as to cut out the corners. The standards carrying the channeling engine are made to work on either end of the machine, so that the cut may be carried up to either wall of the quarry. The mechanism for movement along the track is the same as that used on the Sullivan Track Channelers of standard pattern. These machines are built without boiler only.

For weights, dimensions, and general equipment, see page 92.

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Equipment for Sullivan C h a nn e I er s

The following general equipment is provided with each channeler, and

is included in price:

Iron squares, drill gauge and

straight edge. Hatchet and hammer, level and

files.

Oil cans and lubricators. Hand clamp to hold drills. Track braces. Scoops and pointing drills for

channels.

Wood wedges for track. Iron blocking for drills. Extra valve connection pins. Extra piston rings. Extra gaskets for swivel pipe

joints. Extra gibs for cross-head (for 6^

machines only).

Extra clamp bolts, nuts and set- screws. Extra springs and pins for reverse

valve. Extra piston packing.

Packing and waste.

Footboard for operator.

Crank to move machine by hand.

Monkey and pipe wrench and com- plete set of solid wrenches.

Lifting sling to handle machine. This is sent only with first machine to same customer.

Track dogs.

Screw forcing piston out of cross- head.

Lot of nails.

Cold chisel.

Hand saw.

Twenty track bolts.

For Y, Z and 6)4 machines, i yoke with bolts and washers for drawing trucks off axles.

For Y and Z machines, 1 2-inch extra link belt.

For Y and VX, runner's seat.

Track: For Y, Z and 6^ machines, three i2-foot sections and one 6-foot section; for VX machine, two lo-foot lengths and one 5-foot length; for VA machine, two 1 2-foot lengths and one 6-foot length.

Steel: For Y and Z machines, eight gangs, two each 34, 52, 70 and 88 inches long, each gang having two pieces iXXI inch, and three pieces i^xi inch.

For 6j^ machine, eight gangs, two each 34, 52, 70 and 88 inches long, each gang having two pieces ix% inch and three pieces i^ x ?/% inch.

For VX machine, twelve gangs, two each 30, 48, 66, 84, 102 and 120 inches long, each gang containing three pieces, each i%xi inch.

For VA machine, six gangs, two each 52, 70 and 78 inches long, each gang containing three pieces, each i^ x y% inch.

For channelers with boilers, equipment :

Bracket for water barrel. Ash hoe and poker.

the following is added to the general

Complete boiler fittings, including injector, gauge-cocks, safety valve, pressure gauge, lubrica- tor, exhaust and suction hose.

For channelers without boiler, the following is added to the general equipment:

Swinging steam pipes, with swivel joints and rocker-shaft.

For the VX channeler, an attachment for mounting a Sullivan UC rock drill, for putting in end holes.

93

The Sullivan patented flexible joint.

The Sullivan Patented Flexible Joint

THIS joint is recommended for use in quarries where steam is used in connection with rock drills and chan- nelers. The same results are obtained when this joint is used in combination with ordinary pipe as with hose, with a much less cost of maintenance ; steam hose is an expensive article, as its life is short. The range of this joint is unlim- ited, and the pipe can be swiveled in any direction. The cut is intended to show this, one pipe being stationary while -the others are set at different angles, the three positions showing the universal feature of the joint. The packing ring contains a gasket which takes up the wear, while the spiral spring takes up the lost motion and keeps the joint always tight, not relying on pressure to keep it from leaking. The wear is but slight, and when the gasket is worn out after long use, it may be renewed at slight expense.

PRICES

Size Yi inch ^ inch 1 inch 1# inch 1^ inch

Price $3.25 $375 $4.25 $5.25 $6.00

Code Word Bo-uche Bouchonnc Boucque Boudant Boudinade

The Use of Channeling Machines on Public W o r k

UNTIL channeling machines came into notice in con- nection with the Chicago Main Drainage Canal work, they were comparatively unknown to the civil engi- neering profession. They had been used for years in the quarries of the country, but had rarely, if ever, been thought of as serviceable for anything except the economical quarry- ing of valuable stone. The drainage canal work changed all this and demonstrated to the engineers of this country that a channeling machine must take its place with the air compressor and rock drill, as one of the established tools for carrying on important rock work.

The main advantages secured by the use of the chan- neler on engineering work are:

FIRST. That the channel cut enables the material within the side lines of the excavation to be blasted and removed without any disturbance of the wall or material outside of the lines of the cuts. In this way excavation in rock may be carried on directly up to walls of masonry, building foundations, etc., without disturbing the existing structure.

SECOND. The same causes that accomplish the results above described insure an unshaken wall outside the line of excavation. Where the ordinary process is adopted of drilling and blasting, without channeling the sides, the effect of the explosive tends to shatter the side walls, often some distance beyond the lines of excavation, giving a chance for the action of water and frost, and causing expense and liability to damage from pieces of rock shelling off each season.

THIRD. The use of these machines enables rock exca- vations to be carried to great depths with unshaken walls and without the necessity of removing any surplus material.

96

The Chicago Drainage Canal

TH E Chicago Main Drainage Canal was the first piece of public work of any magnitude into the construction of which the use of channeling machines entered. Two results were accomplished by the use of these machines ; a smooth rock wall was secured, which greatly lessens the friction of the flow of water through the channel, and the walls were left solid. The walls being entirely unshattered by explosives, there can be no chance for the action of the elements; and they will stand without requiring any atten- tion or expense, as long as the canal is used.

Fifteen miles of this canal were excavated through rock, and both sides were channeled, the rock sections varying from ten to thirty-six feet in depth. Fifty-five Sullivan Channelers were used on this work, against thirty-four of all other makes combined. The first channeler sold on the canal was a Sullivan, as were the last three ; showing the reputa- tation this machine held.

The duty required of these machines on this work was very severe, as the rock was "wild" and badly shattered. In many places mud pockets were encountered, from a foot to thirty or forty feet in length, and extending in some cases to the bottom of the excavation. The depth of the channel cuts was in many instances from twelve to fifteen feet.

Sullivan Channelers at Niagara Falls

IN excavating the deep wheel pits and channels for the great power plants at Niagara Falls, N. Y., Sullivan Channelers were and are still used with the most satis- factory results. The accompanying cut shows the wheel pit extension for the Cataract Construction Company, looking away from the power house. This cut is 260 feet long, 21 feet wide, and in depth 185 feet. In its construction eight

Z channelers with air reheaters were used, the angle necessary to offset the six-inch projec- tion at the bottom of each six- foot lift being very slight. Sullivan gadders were used to cut checks in the rock wall for cast-iron brackets. Eigh- teen months were required to make the cutting and complete the excavation.

At the present time eight Sullivan Channelers are sink- ing the wheel pit for the Cana- dian Niagara Power Com- pany. This, when completed, will be 480 feet long, 170 in depth and 21 feet wide.

In work of this nature, where deep cuts are required and the rock is apt to be broken and "wild," a gang of drills of the usual character would tend to spread and lose their alignment. To avoid this contingency, a solid drill with a Z-shaped bit is used, which cuts more rapidly and withstands the strains of this variety of work better than the five-piece gang. This bit is illustrated on opposite page.

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Instructions for Setting Up and Running Sullivan Channel ers

A

LL machines are thoroughly tested under their own

steam before they leave the shop, under working Boilers

conditions. The parts shipped in the tool box should be assembled in the quarry where the machine is to be used and the boiler filled with water, so that it shows about one inch on the gauge glass. The boiler being new and oil having been used in its manufacture, it may be found to foam when the engines are first started. Where much trouble is experienced from this it is best to blow down several times through the blow-off cock at the bot- fl V z-Shaped torn of, the boiler, and if this does not entirely remedy the trouble the fire should be drawn and the boiler blown down completely. After becom- ing fairly cold it may be filled again and another fire started. It is often the quickest method t< blow down completely.

Steam should never be raised in less than one hour if the boiler is to remain free from leaks for any length of time. Of course, where the fire has been banked over night and the boiler is still full of warm water, steam can be raised very quickly, but care should be used not to raise steam too rapidly from cold water, as the strains caused by doing so will make the ends of the tubes leak. After the boiler has been used one week it may be cleaned, and the amount of sediment will then determine how often cleaning should be repeated. With the average water found around quarries, the boiler should be cleaned about every two weeks.

In running, avoid opening the fire door in order to check the draft. If the safety valve blows off it is the inclination of the operator to open the door to check the draft, but this has a bad effect upon the boiler especially in cold weather,

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and it is much better to allow the safety valve to continue to blow off. The flues should be cleaned often.

The feed screw on the chopping engine and all other Lubrication bearings and exposed working parts in particular, should be thoroughly cleaned from cinders and dirt which may have accumulated during the shipment. The operator should look up all the oil holes and become familiar with their location for each bearing. The oil boxes for the worm gears on the chuck axles are rilled with oil before shipping. A small quantity of fresh oil should be added about once a month. The sight feed lubricator on the main steam pipe is provided for oiling the main chopping engine and care should always be taken that it is working properly.

The cross-head on these machines will amply repay care- Setting the ful attention, as it is so made with its sliding guides that all wear can easily and quickly be taken up laterally and trans- versely, thus keeping the piston head always in the center of the cylinder, which reduces the wear very materially at that place.

In putting the drills in the cross-head the operator should be compelled to use the piece of steel 6^ inches x ^ inch x i inch, which is provided in the tool chest for use between the ends of the steel and the cross-head. This will prevent the cross-head being battered out of shape by the ends of the steel driving into it. The bottom clamp may then be put on, drawing the clamp bolts only tight enough to keep the steels in position ; then the drills should be shimmed or blocked up wherever they may be found short ; the other clamp may then be put on and tightened moderately; the set screws at the ends of the clamp should then be tightened well, which draws the steels together ; after which the clamp bolts can be tight- ened well. No attempt should be made to tighten the set screws with the clamp bolts tightened more than just enough to hold the steels in place.

The drills or cutting steels for all channelers except the DHII VX consist of three with edges at right angles to the cut and two with edges inclined to the cut, set alternately in the gang. To arrange the steels for the channeler, use the hand

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clamp provided for that pur- pose, the center steel being the lowest when arranged for cutting. The position of the others will vary with differ- ent rocks, being set "coarse" or "fine," as it is called. The diagonals should al- ways be set further back than the outside steels, being about }i to % incn back of the center when set for soft stone ; the out- side ones being TV to y& inch back for soft stone. In hard rock they should not be set back so much, or, in other words, should be set "finer." To secure the best results, the operator should alter the arrangement of the steels to suit the stone on which he is working, always keeping the diagonals as far back as possible. In hard stone they should be set almost even with the center drill, otherwise they will produce lumps in the channel, which are liable to break the steels and make slow cutting, starting When the steam is up the feed engine may be started,

after being well oiled, and the channeler run over the track. The chopping engine may be run up and down by means of the feed screw, to be sure both are in good working order. The bands in the friction clutches which drive the channeler along the track should only be tightened enough to drive well. Adjustment is made by screws easily accessible on the outside of the friction case. The travel of the channeler along the track should vary for different stones. This may be adjusted by the tension springs which control the governor weights. The speed for marble should be 15 or 20 feet per minute; the same for hard sandstone and hard limestone. In soft sand- stone and limestone, it should be from 20 to 30 feet per minute.

Before starting the chopping engine, it is well to take out

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the bronze buffers made with hexagonal heads, which limit the travel of the main valve, and push the valve up and down by hand to see that it works perfectly free. The buffers may then be screwed in tightly and the machine will give no trouble from the sticking of this valve. The chopping engine may now be started slowly on the cushion which is operated by the cushion valve lever on the side of the steam chest, and with the channeler running along the track, the chopping engine can be lowered so as to cut slowly. If the channel is found to be not straight, which is generally the case, it should be straightened with the hand drills or steels provided with the machine. If attention is paid to this, it will be found to make easier cutting for the channeler, and it is much easier to straighten it at the start than later. After the cut is down eight or ten inches, water should be turned into it either by hose or a barrel with a spigot at the end of the channel. Mud may be kept out with a scraper until the cut is four or five feet deep, after which the scoop provided with the machine will be found to be more easily handled. When possible provide a " free end " at one end of the channel; this will pre- vent all accumulations of mud, as it can run out at this " free end." This can be arranged in most quarries. In soft stone this is highly desirable, as it is almost impossible to keep the mud out by hand.

It is usual in quarry work to run the channeler as far as General the track will permit, putting the channel down full depth, then to move the track around. and continue the channel. In approaching the end of the channel, it is best to approach slowly, so that no lumps will be left in the channel at this point. If the operator does not reverse the machine at the proper time, the steels will strike the end of the channel and glance off, sometimes bending the steels, and always losing more in the length of the channel than if the machine were reversed at the proper time. A skillful operator can put down a channel with very nearly perpendicular ends.

The hardness of the blow will depend on the rock to be cut. In soft stone a very hard blow can be delivered. In hard stone the blow may be made as hard as the drills will

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Sullivan VX Channeler in quarry of Excel- sior Slate Company, Pen Argyl, Pa.

104

stand. The blow can be adjusted by moving the cut-off valve stem which is connected by links with the cross-head. Rais- ing the valve stem gives a harder blow and lowering it a lighter blow.

At times the channel instead of going straight down, will lead off to one side after going down several feet. The only remedy is to dull the side of the drills towards which the channel leads, by knocking off the corner with a hammer. This will make the drills cut to the other side. Moving the channeler track a little to the side toward which the channel leads will also help materially. In putting down deep cuts in hard stone, the channel should not be longer than a gang of drills can cut their full length without becoming too dull. These will generally channel to about 20 feet in length, depending on the stone. Longer channels can, of course, be cut by changing dull steels for a sharp gang of the same length. Better progress in hard stone is made, however, by cutting several short channels.

The VX channeler differs somewhat from Thevx the others, especially in using only three drills Channeler instead of five ; the two outside ones having the edges at right angles to the channel, the center one being a diagonal. The drills or steels are adjusted in the hand clamp, the outside ones being even length and the diagonal set back as for the other channelers.

When used on slate for deep channels, say, nine feet, the cut should be started at least three-inch gauge. On the drills with edges at right angles to the cut, for the other channelers the cutting edge is directly under the center of the steel, but for the VX the cutting edge is carried toward the outside of the gang, within a quarter of an inch of the side of the steel. If carried too far in this direction, the steel is liable to curl up on being used. These steels are forged by flattening the former cutting edge almost entirely from one side, instead of both sides equally, as in the other channelers.

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In clamping the steels in the cross-head, the wedge which draws the steels together should be driven in tightly before tightening the clamp bolts. Any trouble from spread- ing of the drill steels may be remedied by bending them near the top end, so that when drawn together in the cross-head, the cutting ends will be held together by the spring in the steels. The channel should always be kept straight, as with the other channelers.

The travel of the VX on the track is about 12 to 15 feet per minute.

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Sullivan Diamond Prospecting Core Drill. Single cylinder hydraulic feed.

// interested in diamond drills send for the special catalogue on this subjecf.

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log

Catalogues

of the

Sullivan Machinery Company

No. 42. — Hoisting Engines

No. 44. — Ventilating Fans

No. 45. — Corliss Engines

No. 48. — Coal Mining Machinery

No. 49. — Diamond Core Drills

No. 50. — Straight Line Air Compressors

No. 51. — Rock Drills and Stone Channeling Machines

No. 52. — Rock Drills and Air Compressors

in

VC

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