□DDDCnDDDDDODaDDaDDDDDDCDDDaDDGa ^flST UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS LIBRARY DDDDDaaaDDDDDanDDODDaaDDDDDODDDa Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2010 with funding from Boston Library Consortium IVIember Libraries http://www.archive.org/details/fanciersjournalp21875phil ^N\HBS^Jg: FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTBY EXCHAISTGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JANUARY 7, 1875. No. 1. DIXGS IX SHENERAL. M^. Vadk ; Oxcoos mci of you liloiiso, Inul I vant to said sumdings. I didn't vos in dot bouldry iiiziicssos much long, bud for dot dinios I vas encagod I vas hat vory nioocli ecapiriencos ; and I bed you lifo dollar dot I make mo oud somedings apoud J lot standar pook dond vns combleto. You say vy fore it dond vas combloto? Vol, you lisden of me, I dold you apoud von inlcstans I dond cood found noding apoud " bedigreo schickens." Now, I boudt mo a drio of dot scliickons, and dot standnr is nod ridt apoud id — id dond come uh do the si-.ldckenn. Doy vos Lido Bramors, pootiful bedigreo burts, vito all ofor, mit plnck dails, ond nice scaddering plaok foadors on top mit do packs ; mit a fow nice yellow foaders inhackols; magnificent combs (someding like Hnmpergs) ; carriages vos pocoolar — steady by sherks, like a sublo shacks. Now dot rewised pook dond told aboud id — bud it oud do. Vy dey ficuro ub 12.5 bints. I nefer vas look ad bedigreo burts afore, although dey vos cot considerable names. You •can kount me oud mit em. I dond cood undorstchand dot gondrover.sics apoud who dot Pramer fowls first discovered ; and, more as I read, I god confoosod, and dinks nexd ding vot I know, I vont know anyding. But, I dink I smells a mices — dond it vas goot Tay do adverdiso? Now, I vos cot some pully Houdings, vot vas imporded, nod by any Lucky-poor sailors, bud gin- newino, rait a iine pig beards on their hets, and peautiful grosds on throads ; and each doe cot flfo legs on it; ond I preeded dot variedy longer as any bersons in de U stades or Now Shersoy — mooch longer., for some vill measure dwendy- do.) inch long across de pack. Now, I makes a pargain mit you. I wrido me lodts o ledders apoud 'em, ond youst so soon as you ged liddle shord of madder, bublish 'em, ond 1 make it ridt mit you. I send mo doo dollar for a " Shina Fowls; " dold 'cm do send by ocspresses ; and it vas 7iod a schickcn, put a book, by dot Eastern lingist — vat you call his names? Jogo Vash- ington vas named him afdor. Joge, vy cand I dink of id. Jugc Piirnem, of Masdershowsits. Now Jogo vas cot anundor addack, and proko oud mit schicken pox agin. Up do his shanky dricks agin. Now, I bod anyding ho cot a relapses and go deat. I like dot " Bedor Simblc " vay of ridting — he didn't vas so simblo as his names, and ho hidt some of dem feller hardt; put ho dond always shudgo oxacdly ridt, ad loasd he is oft" tho drack mit Jogo Purnom. He dinks voitcc that Jogo have no grinding axes to done. Vy I dink ho vos cot so many ho vos drying to ground, on hand, dot he could obon mit himself a hardware stores mit a big stock on hand, niostly axes— mit very few liddle Joge Vashington hatchets among 'em. I cot mo a ledder from a young mans vot said he vos af- dor informations. Ho vantcd to know of dot new "shiny fowls" of Purnem vould liadch shina eccs, and vot kind of schickeng ecc blants vould hadcb. I wrodt dot young mam vot ho dook me for — u shentlemans or a Vebsters onapridgc dictionaries. I dond answer gommunicadions onles dey vas 2 green post-offices inside. I vould like do ask " Bcder Simble vot ho dinks apoud dot Bca-gomb liartridge Cochintt Eferybody vas avare dot Joge dond vas indere.'ided, bud dot ho vas only drying his pest do have 'em raako some eicidc- mend for de mudual goot and everla.-ding beneflds of fan- ciers. Mr. Vade: I like to sold mo oud dot bedigreo drio for fife dollar und .sixdy cent. Cock is "Adam" (27,900); a- dam pad von do. Von , hen vos '•Damsel" (12,901); who puys her will own .«he is a dam-sell. The other hen is "Grace" (90,789), and she is a real (dish)-grace to any preeder. Of course you dond say anyding apoud 'em — only dot they vos gennewine bcdigrce fowls. I dink of I dond expose of 'em, dot I otter $100.00 at next New York show, for tho baddest Lide Pramer hens. It vill be a sure dings. Yours every dime, H./LNS Schnuider. New Hollaxd, December, Christma-s, 1871. NEWSPAPER SUSPENSIONS. During tho last four weeks no loss than 200 daily and weekly newspapers have suspended publication in thiscountry alone; and it is estinuitcd that $8,000,000 have been lost during tho year in tho publication business. How many of the newspapers suspended because of tho failure of subscribers to promptly pay their sub.-icriptions, will never be known with any degree of certainty. That a largo majority of thom owe their failure to this neglect is undoubtedly true, although negligence on tho part of advcrti.sers to punctually settle their bills may have had much to do with this extraordinary number of suspensions. Among those marked for discontinuance at the close of the year is Appleton's Journal, which during the five years of its existence is said to have lost over $100,000. The announcement that tho Amrrican Historieal Record is to be discontinued with the December number, is pretty conclusive evidence that the Secjtrd has been a loss to its publishers, Messrs. John E. Potter & Go. Tho fact is the year 1874 has been an unusually severe one on newspaper publishers ; few newspapers anywhere have more than paid expenses, while three-fourths of the whole number that have weathered tho storm, have done it at considerable sacrifice. The city advertisements, that country papers to some ex- tent depend upon, have been either wholly discontinued dur- ing th(^last six months, or materially reduced. This stato of things will continue until about the first of March next, when the, Jn_(^ici>liop8j\i>\,,\\ie sh!>ll bcg«n;R sj.';isi)fl. rit!" pros- perity alrB0si;frf?^iifi\i^J5n•<^y. That tho yeot^yiiVtil.CelebralioQ iaf;Aajesica{s {ndopon- dence is to g{Vt;i\9.*iiBJ;e)u^,(<| iUk'.i>t:tit>i 'reahiAiftiob' of buai- FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. ness, is too clear to admit of controversy ; we admit that it cannot begin too soon ; we regret that it has been delayed only too long. — American Journalist. TRANSPOKTING FISH. The United States Fish Commission recently sent 15,000 California salmon from Niles, Mich., to Texas, for stocking the Brazos and Colorado rivers ; they were in charge of Mr. Fred Mather, assisted by Mr. Chas. Bell. The route was via St. Louis and Sedalia. In the Indian Territory the water was so strongly impregnated with allcali, that they dare not use it, so they resorted to aeration by draining oflf the water and pouring, until recharged with oxygen. This, and the changes of cars in the night, kept them awake four consecutive nights, and they were quite exhausted when they reached Austin, but delivered their fish in fine condition. PodLTF^Y DEpy^F^TI^Eflj. MONMOUTH COUNTY POULTRY ASSOCIATION. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dbak Sik : Please find inclosed the list of premiums awarded at our third annual exhibition, which has just closed. We had a very good show in the Asiatic and Game classes, but the number of entries in the other classes was small. We as usual came out behind, and had to put our hands in our pockets to defray expenses, but not very deep. Tours respectfully, J. T. Kosell, Fkeehold, N. J. December 28, 1874. LIST OE PKEMIITMS AWARDED. Light Brahmas — Fowls, 1st, J. H. Vanderveer, Freehold, N. J. ; 2d, John Strieker, Freehold, N. J. ; 3d, E. Y. Fair- service, East Newark. Chicks, 1st, John Strieker ; 2d, K. T. Fairservice; 3d, J. H. Vanderveer. Dark Brah-mas — Fowls, John Van Mater, Colts Neck, N. J. ; 2d, E. Y. Fair- service; 8d, D. A. Vanderveer, Manalapan. Chicks, 1st and 3d, John Van Mater ; 2d, R. Y. Fairservice. Part- ridge Cochins— Fovi^s, 1st, J. T. Rosell, Freehold, N. J. Chicliis, 1st and 2d, J. T. Eosell ; 3d, A. Trey, Freehold, N. J. White Cochins — Chicks, 1st, E. Y. Fairservice. Buf Cochins — Fowls, 1st, W. W. Johnson, Manalapan, N. J. Chicks, 1st, R. Y. Fairservice ; 2d, W. W. Johnson. White Leghorns — Chicks, 1st and 2d, Michael Stanton, Freehold, N. J. Black-Breasted Red Games — Fowls, 1st, J. C. Smock, Freehold, N. J. Chicks, 1st, 2d and 3d, J. 0. Smock. Brown- Red Games — Fowls, 1st, Michael Stanton. Chicks, 1st, J. C. Smock ; 2d, Edward Quinn ; 3d, Eov. A. Marcellus, New Egypt. Black Indian Games — Fowls, 1st, J. C. Smock. Chicks, 1st, J. C. Smock. White Bantams— ls.t, Wm. J. Conover, Freeliold, N. J. Red Cherry Bantams — 1st, Wm. J. Conover. . Pliiinqifih ^ocks — Chicks. 1st and 2d, John SandR!rdv.F:'e'eh'pl'd;-i^; J.; Capwi'sJ^^a, ;1..'T; 'JlpieU. Bra- zilian 'Ducks — \^t,' 'J:' C: 'Smock:' ^Whiie^'Ohiuu &eese — 1st, David Eachbfei'tsori; ^Ftaehold,' Ni 'J., . >(7oi?iOTori Geese — 1st, W. W. iJohu.s«n'. ';;';'■',;':• '.''■::■.•' i NEW EXHIBITION COOP. We herewith present an illustration of a new coop in- vented by Mr. James Shepard, and which is termed by him " Shepard's Collapsible Coop." The top and bottom are drawer shaped, and are held apart when expanded (as shown in Fig. 1) by four removable posts. The two sides and back are of cloth permanently secured to the top and bottom. The rear posts are on the outside of the cloth, so that there are three smooth cloth walls against which it is impossible to injure a feather. The posts are keyed in by dove-tailed wedges which hold the parts very rigidly together. For packing the four posts, and the round in front, they are with- drawn and packed inside the bottom, when the cloth sides are folded inwards with a bellows fold, and the top and bottom collapse as shown in Fig. 2. This coop was used by the Fig. 2. Central Connecticut and Connecticut State Societies at their late exhibitions at Bristol and Hartford, Connecticut, and was received with great favor. Although designed for ex- hibition purposes only, some of the exhibitors used it for transporting their birds to and from the exhibition. THE COMING CENTENNIAL— 1876. Editor Fanciers' Journal: Your correspondent, "Progress," in last number makes some general suggestions upon a prospective exhibition of poultry at Philadelphia, during the great Centennial cele- bration to take place in 1876. Will you permit me, in con- tinuation of this idea, to offer a few hints as to practical details towards accomplishing this very promising object? In the first place, such an undertaking is by no means a trivial enterprise; nor can it, in my judgment, be success- ful or creditably consummated without a good deal of work, a considerable outlay of ready money at the outset, liberal offers in the way of premiums for the best specimens of birds contributed, and the most upright conditions of honest management throughout. , To carry out such a show to complete success a fund of a F.iNCIRRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. loaat ton thoiisftnd dollars should bo accumulated by volun- cary subscriptions, during tlio next eighteen months. This money slioulil bo placed in trust in the hands of a responsi- ble eommittoo of men interested in the advancement of the poultry interests of this country ; and this fund should bo legitimately expended in furtherance of those interests — for the goneriil bonolit of the fraternity of our fanciers, breed- ers, and amateurs. And how may this bo best accomplished, seems to mo to be the question we aro to consider in advance. I will, as briefly as possible, give you my opinion. Wo must bear in mind, if this thing is to bo undertaken at all, that it is no common fowl exhibition that wo are to participate in on this important occasion. It will be the snow of the world. If rightly organized and properly managed, it will have no precedent, and it will probably never have a successor to compare with it in extent, utility, or magnilicence, in its way. It can be made the grandest and most interesting exhibition of its kind that will ever bo known; and, with judicious arrangements and care, it certainly may bo made to contribute largely to the beauty and interest of the Great National Exposition of the cen- tury, while, at tho same time, the best breeds and the best poultry stock, of all known varieties, may be brought to- gether side by side for comparison, showing tho progress which has been accomplished, within the latter half of this century, towards perfecting tho representative breeds of this important branch of American rural economy. As to "the sectional feeling" alluded to in your paper, I cannot discover how such a term can be applicable, re- garding such an exposition, in your city. Of course it can bo hold nowhere else, for it is already decided that the " national centennial " of our country's history is to bo there celebrated. And as to who shall have tho management and control of so vast an enterprise, of course all sections of the country must take part in, and share alike, tho labor, tho honors, tho cost, and responsibilities of getting it up and carrying it thi-ough properly. Already I observe that this question is being actively considered in tho West, and earnest work is being done towards the. early formation of a new "National Poultrj' Association " there, in the interests of the mass of poultry breeders beyond Huflalo and oast of the Mississippi, for the bettor accommodation of local societies throughout that enterprising and extensive domain, tho members of which associations cannot lind it convenient to contribute to any extent to our numerous Kastern shows, etc. The foremost advocates of this proposed now western "national" society do not intend that their concerns will clash with tho present established American Poultry Asso- ciation at all ; and there is " ample verge and scope enough " in our broad land for both these organizations, which can, and ought to, work in harmony upon tho subject of the grand exhibition contemplated at Philadelphia in 1870. Now, it is not too early to-day to make a commencement towards accomplishing what " Progress " suggests. What will tho local societies throughout the United States do (as public bodies) towards it ? AVhat will our leading breeders do, individually, in the premises, by way of cash contribu- tions to the working fund? How much money will A, B, or C subscribe and pay, to help on this desirable object to success? How many fanciers have we in this country who ■will "set tho ball in motion," by agreeing to contribute $100, or $50, each, as an earnest of the interest they take in such a work? What will poultry editors do, in the way of advertising it, for tho benefit thoy may first or laiit acquire from such a colossal enterprise? These arc quorici that must bo answered, imprimin, as I look at it. Tho right men to manage details can bo had. Wo havo among us plenty of workers who would willingly give their time and brains towards making this a splendid exhibition of its kind. But nothing can bo effected, as it ought to bo done, without money lifforehand. If tho two "national " societies mentioned would unite in taking the matter vigor- ously in hand, I see no reason why the proposals of " pro- gress " should not result in giving such an exhibition in the Quaker City in ISTO as has never yet been seen in tho world ; the benefits of which, subsequently, would be indeed of the widest extent and largest importance to tho American poultry fraternity at large. 1 shall recur to this interesting subject again, by your leave, and I hope to see the views of others of j'our able cor- respondents in regard to the details of this proposed prom- ising undertaking. Entkri'RISe. PENOBSCOT POULTEY ASSOCIATION. Mr. J. M. Wadk. Dkar Sir': I inclose you a list of awards at our county show, the past week. The exhibition of fowls and pets was very fine; but tho attendance quite meagre, much more so than it should be, as we aro the only county poultry organ- ization in tho State, and claim 1;o bo parent of the Stale asso- ciation, which holds their exhibition in Portland next month. Yours, Albert Noyes. Bangor, Me., December 19, 1874. THE FOTTRTn ANNUAL EXHIBITION Of tho above society opened on Tuesday, in City Hall. Notwithstanding the severe cold, which w!i-s particularly bad for tho transportation of fowls, the number of entries was considerably larger than last year, while the quality of tho birds was very noticeablj* better. Among the largest exhibitors was Albert Noyes, President, who made 21 entries of fowls, 14 of pigeons, and one of ducks, or a total of 30 entries. J. E. Harriman had 18 en- tries, three of fowls, one of ducks, 11 of pigeons, gray squir- rel, robin, and pair of canaries. George D. Stockwell, of Eddington, made 14 entries, including a trio of turkeys, a pair of Bremen geese, and tho balance of fowls. J. P. Kenniston, Dixmont, had 14 entries, including two of tur- keys, two of geese, six of ducks, a pair of Guinea fowls. Altogether the display was one of exceeding interest, and from tho golden rooster from the steamer Sanford, thatstands on the stage, to the live cock " Dirigo," the progenitor of several generations of magnificent light Brnhmas ; or from tho weo Sobrights to tho colossal Cochins, the collection was was well worthy a visit. The following, taken from tho books of tho society, is the complete LIST OF PREMIUMS AWARDED. IHo Light Bro/imn.s— Fowls, 1st and ild, A. Noyes; 3d, S. Nickerson. Chicks, 1st, C. P. Hodgkins ; 2d, J. E. Carr ; 3d, A. Noves. Trio Dark Brahman— FoviU, 1st, S. Nicker- son. Chicks, 1st, J. P. Kenniston. TVio WhiU Cofhins— Fowls, 1st, A. Noyes. Chicks, 1st, A. Noyes. Trio Buf Ooehiiis— Fowls, 1st, J. A. Harriman ; 2d. B. F. Hawes ; :>d, Geo. D. Stockwell. Chicks, 1st, 2d and 3d, J. E. Carr. Trio Partridge aic/iim-!— Fowls, 1st and 2d, S. Nickerson ; 3d, J. E. Shaw. Chicks, 1st, Geo. D. Stockwell ; 2d, F. S. Palmer ; 8d, Geo. D. Stockwell. Silrer-SpatujUd HamburflS—Ut, A. Noyes. Brown Leghorns— ¥ovt\s, ist, Geo. D. Stockwell; FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. 2a, A. Noyes; 3d, B. P. Ferguson. Chicks, 1st, Geo. D. Stockwell ; 2d, B. F. Hawes ; 3d, A. L. Boyd. White Leg- horns— Fowls, 1st and 2d, A. Noyes. Chicks, 1st and 2d, A. Noyes. Silver Polish — Fowls, 1st, W. P. Woodworth. Chicks, 1st, J. P. Kenniston. Oolden-Spangled Hamburgs — Fowls, 2d, A. Noyes. Chicks, 2d, A. Noyes. Plymouth Rocks — Fowls, 1st and 2d, A. Noyes. Chicks, 1st and 3d, E. P. Ferguson ; 2d, J. P. Walker. Dominiques — Fowls, 1st, A. Noyes. Chicks, 1st, A. Noyes. Oray Dorkings — Fowls, 1st, H. Luce. Chicks, 1st, H. Luce. White Dorkings —1st, G. D. Stockwell. Black Spanish— 2A, 3. E. Harri- man. Houdans — 2d, J. P. Kenniston. Blue-lied Game — 1st, J. E. Carr. ■Black-Red Game Bantams — 1st, B. F. Adams. Black Bantams — Fowls, 2d, E. P. Ferguson. Chicks, 1st, E. P. Ferguson. Golden Sebright — 1st, J. E. Harriman. Prairie Pheasant — 1st, J. H. Hayes. Guinea — 1st, J. P. Kenniston. Oddities — 1st, H. Luce. Young Bronze Thirkeys— 1st,, E. P. Ferguson ; 2d, Geo. D. Stockwell. Old Bronze Turkeys— Isi, E. P. Ferguson ; 2d, J. E. Carr. Buff Turkeys — 2d, J. P. Kenniston. Young Turkeys — 2d, J. P. Kenniston. Rouen Ducks — 1st and 2d, B. P. Ferguson. Aylesbury Ducks — 1st, A. Noyes. White Call Ducks — 2d, J. P. Kenniston. Domestic Geese — 1st and 2d, J. P. Kennis- ton. Bremen Geese — 1st, Geo. D. Stockwell. African Geese — 2d, J. B. Carr. Half- Wild Geese— l)it,E.. luuce. Muscovy Geese — 1st, J. E. Harriman; 2d, J. H. Hayes. Half-Wild Ducks — 1st, J. P. Kenniston. SPECIAL PREMIUMS. Light Brahmas — Cock, A. Noyes, silver cup, $10. Trio Light Brahmas — A. Noyes, $3. Chicks, C. P. Hodgkins, $2. White Cochins— Uen, A. Noyes, $2. Chicks, A. Noyes, pair Bufi" Cochin chicks. T)-io Buff Cochins — J. E. Harri- man, whip, $4. Trio Partridge Cochi7is — S. Nickerson, sil- ver cup, $10. Chicks, Geo. D. Stockwell, Poultry World, one year. Partridge Cochins — Cock, S. Nickerson, silver cup, $10. Plymouth Rocka—Fov/h, A. Noyes, Nos. 3, 7 and 8. Black Spanish — Fowls, J. E. Harriman, No. 13. Houdans — Fowls, J. P. Kenniston, No. 20. Natives — Fowls, O. L. Larrebee, JSTo. 21. Bronze Turkeys — E. P. Ferguson, No. 15. Best Brown Leghorns — Chicks, G. D. Stockwell, $2.50. Best Collection Fancy Pigeons — 1st, Albert Noyes, $3 ; also, special No. 10, $2. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE STANDAED FOR BRAHMAS. BT F. K. WOTKINQ. As I do not expect to be able to attend the approaching meeting of the American Poultry Association, at Buflfalo, I wish to say something, through your paper, in regard to the contemplated revision of the standard, especially in refer- ence to Brahmas. It is generally considered, I believe, that three distinct types of Brahmas are bred in this country. The three gentlemen who composed the Special Commit- tee to report on Light Brahmas, before the Buffalo Con- vention, last winter, were very fair ; and, I may say, without disparaging any others, the most prominent breeders and admirers of these different types. Many of our fanciers keep these styles, or classes, distinct, while others breed two or more of them together, with a view, if possible, of combining the excellencies of them all. Though it is evident, from the manner in which the prizes are distributed at our numerous shows, that the American fancier is not prepared to settle down upon any one of these particular styles, but such has quite numerous admirers. It would be quite unsatisfactory to the mass of breeders, to so make the standard that it would give to any one of these types a very decided advantage over the others in the show room. This diversity of opinion renders the necessity for some common standard, by which to judge these fowls, all the more imperative. The standard which is demanded, and which will be generally accepted, is one which so adjusts the scale of points, and gives such descriptions as will enable these difl'erent breeders to compete upon something like equality in our exhibitions. General harmony and agree- ment can only be obtained by mutual concession on the part of the assembled breeders. If any one should strenuously insist upon his own indi- vidual preferences, and by persistency, or in any other way induce the Association or the Executive Committee to adopt - his views, yet these conclusions will not be approved by the public, unless they are just and fair toward all concerned. In your issues of October 15tb, and November 12th, you present a standard for Light Brahmas, and you invite crit- icisms upon it. In the description of Light Brahma cock, the following occurs : Both outer and middle toe being heavily feathered, etc. One member of the Committee strongly ob- jects to middle toe feathering altogether, on the ground, as he alleges, that such birds throw a considerable percentage of vulture-hocked chicks, while another member of the same Committee maintains that the absence of middle toe feathering will result in bare or thinly-feathered legs in the chickens. All personal preferences or prejudice aside, I think the proper standard is between these two extremes, as not only less liable to produce either of the defects men- tioned, but as a fair compromise, which all ought to be willing to accept. Let it read, then^ — outer and middle toes well (instead oi heavily) feathered. I know, from experience, that well feathered birds may be bred together without producing a single vulture hoek. I do not believe the mass of Light Brahma breeders are in favor of the revised standard as regards this point. As it now stands, any feathering on the middle toe must be con- sidered as a blemish, and will count against the bird in pro- portion to its quantity. I prefer the description of the back, which is found in the Buffalo standard, to the one in your Journal. It is believed by many good breeders that the persistent breeding together of short-backed fowls will decrease the size ; while, on the other hand, long-backed birds will produce a lank, narrow progeny. Let us say, then, back rather long, or, of medium length, and we again avoid the two extremes. As to legs, the description should correspond to that of the back. The continued breeding of short-legged fowls will have a tendency to diminished size, while the other ex- treme, of very long legs, is also objectionable. Legs of medium length, and proportioned to the size of the fowl, look better than quite short legs on a large bird. The description of the comb, especially as to general shape, should be more definite. The majority of breeders, I think, prefer the comb which arches back over the head. The words, ^^arallel with the head, as they occur in the Buff- alo standard, are liable to be misunderstood by the major- ity of readers, and ought to be stricken out. In the standard proposed in your Journal, the comb is described as " so low that it will not shake, however quickly the bird moves its head." Now, according to my observa- tion, the height of the comb has not so much to do with this as its width at the base, and its firmness on the head. Quite small combs are sometimes thin and soft, and readily lop over, while others (very much higher and larger) are wide at the base, and well fastened to the head, and consequently are quite firm and strong. This description, is not, there- FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. f'oro, aufliciontly explicit. In both the Buft'iilo standard, and tlio ono proposed in the Journal, the carria;;o is said to bo upright, etc. I decidedly object to this ilcliiiitioii, and 1 do not boliuvo it convoys the idea intondiid. Warren's (iameoock, as figured in hisadvortistimcnt, is up- riglit, and tlio Game class is appropriately so described ; but, nobody desires that his IJrahmas should stretch up their necks in that way, and that the body should slope from the neck downward, as nearly vertical as possible. An upright car- riage is about one of the last things we should especially desire in a Light or Dark Brahma. Say bold, or pleasing, and this will convoy the idea intended. The UulValo stand- ard disqualified birds not feathered to the tips of outer toos. 1 called attention, at the Buffalo Convention, when the re- port was read, to the fact that oven a vulture-hocked bird is not feathered on the last joint of the outer toe ; and it was agreed, by common consent, to make this read "feathers not extending to the tips of the outer toes ; " but, by some oversight, the correction was not made. While I would not, perhaps, bo quite as specific in the description of the general shape of the back as similar to that of an ordinary Brahma egg, yet I think there ought to be a more definite statement as to its shape, than any which wo have had in any of our former standards. Would it not bo a good idea to accompany each descrip- tion with an appropriate cut. This would make the stand- ard much more valuable to the groat mass of fanciers, and especially to young breeders There are other points of which I intended to speak, but I find my article is growing too long. I wish, however, before closing, to notice the standard for Dark Brahraas, as revised by the Buffalo Convention. Tho Committee unquestionably did right in giving more points to color than was done in the old standard. More importance is attached to size in the Light Brahmas, while in tho Darks more attention is given to color and penciling. I have soon Dark Brahraas win in shows on account of their color, which would not have stood a ghost of a chance if they had been Light Brahmas. The description of the breast should road — "and reaching entirely up to the throat," instead of, as now — " reaching well up to the throat." This change was proposed in tho Committee, but a prominent brooder 'stated that many of his pullets which were not very sharply penciled up to the throat, came out beautifully as hens. This is true, and yet a luiUet which is finely penciled up to the throat is better than one which is not, however the latter may work up as a hen. If pencil- ing up well is all we ought to aim at, then tho standard is best as it is. What we ought to aim at in a standard, is the highest attainable exeellonce. Large numbers of dark pul- lets aro bred every year, which do mark up finely to tho very beak, and those will breed better than those which aro less clear in their markings. Tho latter clause of the description of tho breast, viz. "free from white shaft in tho feathers" — is the most im- portant change made in tho Dark Brahma standard. Ono of tho finest strains, in other respects, in this countrv, is sadly injured by this defect; and, unless greater attention is given to it in those yards, I believe it will ultimately ruin the stock. There is presented an excellent field for ii skil- ful breeder — for he who produces a stock uniformly free from this defect, and at tho same time as finely penciled as some which wo now have, will find a market for all his chickens, at highly remunerative rates. BUFFALO INTERNATIONAL POULTEY ASSOCIATION. The fifth annual exhibition of this A.ssoclation, for- merly known as tho Western Now York Poultry Society, will commenoo at St. Jumc8 Hall on February 10th and continuo until tho 17th. The premiums will be extremely liberal, amounting in the aggregate to over $i;000, and the display, it is anticipated, will be one of the finest ever seen in this country. The show of minor pets will also be a very attractive feature, among tho exhibitors of these being Mr. Chas. G. Irish of this city, who will show his largo collec- tion of squirrels of various descriptions, including Lake Superior fox, Kuropoan gray, silver gray, Canadian black, largo native black, common gray and native red, striped chip-munks, otc. Mr. Irish is to be complimented npon his success in securing and keeping so large and varied a collec- tion of those interesting little animals. We understand that he is thinking of presenting the whole lot to the Park Com- missioners, in case suitable provision shall bo made for them in the main Park. It is understood that Mr. Fred. Mather, of Honeoye Falls, will boon hand with his aquaria offish — trout, salmon, etc. Mr. Mather will also exhibit his mink, and various speci- mens of wild fowl. — B. commercial. HADDONFIELD POULTRY SHOW. Award of premiums nt the above show, held December 1.5, 1874: Pariruhp: Cuc/iiHs—(J\ndii, IstG.T. Haines; 2d, li. M. Phipps. Fowls, 1st, G. T. Haines. Baff CocAin.s— Chicks, 1st, G. T. Haines; 2d, R. M. Phipps. Fowls, 1st, J. C. Hollingshead. Whi/e Leghorns — Chicks, 1st, John Boadle. Fowls, 1st, John Boadle. //ourfa/w— Chicks, 1st, N. T. Colby. Dorkinfls — 1st, Hugh Sharp. Dominiques — 1st, John Lynch. Li(/ht Brahmas — 1st, J. C. Hollingshead. Dark Brahmas — 1st, Benjamin Williams. S. S. Hainburgs — 1st, Nathan Lijipincott. G. S. Polamls— 1st, N. T. Colby. Frizzlies — 1st, T. Marjorum. Best collection Common Fowls — 1st, Wm. Sutvan ; 2d, Isaac iCing. Beat trio Common — 1st, Samuel Hood. SPECIAI, PREMIUMS Were awarded to G. T. Haines, R. M. Phipps, and Jos. C. Hollingshead, for very fine display of Buft"and Partridge Cochins. Rouen Ducks — 1st, Amos Stratton. Common Ducks — 1st, T. Jlarjorum. Best collection Babbits — Charles Phipps. Best display Common Pii/eons — C. N. Smith. Joa. C. Hollingshead, President. R. Levis Shivers, Secretary. MURDER. Om the night of the I'.lst ull., Mr. Thomas Turkey was surprised, after ho had retired for tho night, by seeing a man approach him in a suspicious manner, carrying a light in one hand, and a huge glistening carving knife in the other. He had only time to cry "\x\>\\i\\cii. I for one would willingly pay more for my subscription, if by that means the and oould be reached. I enjoy reading the Journal for the rea- son that it is not all advertisements, and is not an organ of any ring or clique. With wishes for the abundant success of yourself and the Fanciers' Journal, 1 am, Fraternally yours, F. W. Baiicock. New Haven, Cdnn., December 15, 1874. J. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: I am sorry to find that you are compelled to issue the Journal semi-monthly in place of weekly. I shall miss its welcome appearance every other Saturday. I notice that several of your friends have endeavored to assist its circulation by giving fowls, pigeons, etc. Now, I think you need help (if at all) in a more substantial way, and I for one will give, as a donation to the Journal, $10 to assist in publishing it weekly. If our poultry friends will come forward and put their" shoulders to the wheel in a substan- tial manner, we can make a success of it. I would be glad to have your views on tho subject. Yours truly, Detkoit, Mich. A. H. West. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : The Journal received to-day. Will hail as "happy day" the time you again commence to issue a weekly. Put me down for 1875, sure. I am just leaving home on a three weeks' trip ; will remit price of suhscription on my return. Please continue tho Journal, for I don't want to miss even one number. Yours, etc., Wasuikgton, Iowa, Dec. 29, 1S74. R. K. HENDERSON. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: Inclosed, find $5; $2..50 for the Fancier*' Journal for the year 1875, and $2.50 for Nos. tj, 7, 8, 9, and 10, of the Illustrated Book of Pigeons. If all the numbers are not out, send what are out. I want to see tho Journal back again to its weekly issues ; there is no reason why a paper of such high character should not receive the patronage of every breeder in the country; every one of them will find something of interest in each number. If each breeder would sot aside the pro- ceeds of the sale of one dozen of eggs next spring, and send them to the Fanciers' Journal, it would be one of the best investments he ever made, and we should have a weekly we should be pro\id of. Why should England support two- weeklies devoted to the interests of poultry, pigeons, etc., and-'ihe Tnited States not one? This is not what it should be. Monthlies are well, and should be patronized, but they are too slow for this progressive age. Hoping with the new year your subscription list will in- crease many fold, I remain yours truly, Ki^NNKBUXK, Me., Doctfiuber 23,1374. JOHX A. LORO. 10 FAIsrCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. Providence, E. I., NoTember 30, 1874. Mk. Jos. M. "Wade. Dear Sir: I sball be glad when the Fanciers' Journal will make its weekly visits again. I would prefer to pay $5 per year than not receive it weekly. It is a pleasant recreation for me, and innocent reading for the younger membei-s of my family. I know that many of your sub- scribers think just as I do on this subject, and many would pay more rather than not get the Journal Aveekly again. By a united effort of its friends its subscription list could, no doubt, be doubled; I for one will be willing to guarantee two more subscribers, at $2.50 each, and expect to do even better. 1 would be happy to have your opinion on this matter, so your friends can go to work in earnest to bring about the desired result. I am sure the fanciers and readers of the Jo2i?-nal will not see it go one step backward. For inclosed S2.50 please send journal to H. B. Allen, 353 Pine Street, this city. Wishing you and the Journal success, I am, very truly yours, Gustat Dillekbergbr. CoF^F^ESpOfJDEfJCE. explanation. Editor Fanciers' Joitrnal. Dear Sir: As the date of the New England Show was fixed, and published in most of the poultry journals, I deem it my duty as a member of the club, to explain why no show was held on the days appointed. For some time past there has been on the part of a portion of the members and former officers, a feeling of antagonism to the present administra- tion, not from any just cause that I can see, but from the fact of their being in the minority on several questions. Last fall the question of joining the National Association came up and was carried, in spite of great opposition from these members, and one former president struck his name from the members' roll. Now, while not defending the national organization, many features of which are faulty, and some of them indefensibly so, in my opinion, I think the action of these members has been unwise and childish even in the extreme. Under the circumstances — with no money in the treasury, and without that pecuniary assistance which we could not get at the time — it was deemed by the executive committee inexpedient to hold a show in 1874. From these difficulties I am happy to say the New England Club has risen and will hold on the 2d, 3d, and 4th days of March, 1875, a show in every way worthy of itself and the confidence of the poultry breeders of this country. The premium list which is very liberal is fully guaranteed, and will be paid in full, and every means used to secure justice to all. S. L. WoKCESTEK, December 21, 1874. SOUTHERN PENNSYLVANIA POULTRY EXHIBITION. This association will hold their first annual exhibition in York, commencing Wednesday, January 20, and closing Friday, January 22, 1875. The managers are sanguine that a fine display of poultry and pet animals will "grace their boards." We hope to hear good reports from their first eftbrt. Some of the men connected with the said society are breeders of many years' experience. We would be pleased if some of our most prominent breed- ers, in various parts of the States, would be represented by their birds, at York, as a great interest is being awakened in the " poultry movement " in Southern Pennsylvania and Maryland. Jept interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at the following rates: For one to two months 20 centa per line. " three to five months - 17J^ " " " six to eight months 15 " " nine to eleven months 12 " " " twelve months 10 " CHANGED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advurtisements, cash In advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance. About 12 words malie a line, and 12 lines make an inch of apace. gS- Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, previous to the day of publication, otherwise they are liable to be left over two weeks. Exc^^^^JqES. iO-ADVERTISEMENTS IX THIS COLUMN, OF FIVE LiNES, OR FOBTT- EiGHT Words, describing and offering for ezcbanKe only, WILL BE ALLOWED AT 25 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. ^VANTED. — One 1!. B. R. Game Bantam cockerel, one Black Cochin cockerel and two Light Brahma cockerels, in exchange for fancy fowls of other'kinds. C. E. L. HAYWARI), Petej^wro. N. 11. "HViliTE IjE«JH<>R Ji cockerels to exchange for Crevecaiir pullets, which must be good as Ligbornsf- "-• '-" "'' *■ " — ' 'WII.I. EXCHANOE.— Brown Leghorns (Kinnev's strain) for Silver-apangled Hamburgs. None but reliable parlies, that have good stock, need app y. ^ ^^ SCHWARTZ, Bernville P. O., Berks Co., Pa. "WII.E EXCH AXOE.— The Illustrate.^:LL. Uancajter. Pa._ tVILL EXCHANUE.— A fine Light Brahma cook (WiTjiams' strain) ■ is mated to eight exlr» fine hens. All are extra site, and well luarkiil, and form as good breeding stock of Light Brahmas as any in theeountrv .\lso, twentv fine chicks bred from the alv^vc. Also, two pairs tine i>ark Brahma e'hicks, extra. Also, two pairs fine While Log- horn ohioks. The whole or part of the alwve slock 1 will exchange for a cood light driving sleigh, a good harness, r»>bes, gttod revolver, or other artieles. Address "FANCIER." Box :U4. Worcester, Mass. ~TANBlN<; C'JUIJON, Sloannvlllo, N. Y. TO KX«;irAl««K.-Ono pair lib..- I'b^d I'oiitc^rK, nr«t-ola«» birds, bootivl and .'|..iin oiarkud, for K(!d or y.-li.,w liald Hiad Tiiniblors, Itod l!arl«, .(arobhm, 'I'l/rblts, Or lilaok FtuilM i:wk. Ad.ii.;:iM I'KTKR IJvl'l', KastHaglnaw, Mlcb, WA-NTKO TO KX«!lfAlV«E.-A lino pair of Light Brahma |.iilb:i,;(, a |,air of lilaiik Afrloaii liantaiMH, for a Black Crested male Fan- tail |/i;;i-oij ; niiwl, lio lirst-class, and solid black. WM. 10. SUKDD, Walthain, Mass. EX.4JIIAN<>)E.— I trio Whito Muscovy Ducks, which have taken two 1st, and oncal premium, and one trio White Leghorn chicks '.I. li. .Soilth'sstralnj, for White Kar-lobu Brown Leghorn pullets. None but lirsUelttss stock wanted. LUCIUS DUNliAll, West Brldgewater, Mass. WIM/ KX IIV I':.\«;IIA1V4,IK Fancy pigiions, for W. Leghorns I will .,,1, ;,„;„. vviili- l,.i:bornH, I'roMi Mniltb'^i strain, for fancy pIgeonM. wrii'i I'M |,;niii iphir., AM\\\\!, what kind yoii want to exchange. Will also e:-.rl„,„f;.- liiuorii, i.iK-f lor pigeons. Address WM. \>. 7.VA.\., Lancaster, Pa. 'I'O KX«)IIAN«E.-One pair of l''errets, for Wright's Illustrated I'oiili.ry Hook, or good (Jame Kowls ofanv standard variety. H. A. COUlJON, Castile, Wyoming Co., N. Y. WIMi EX4!IIA1V4JI') — Currant wine, a superior article (four years old), for riyniouth Hock, Uose-conib Amorloun Doralnlque, S. K. Ilajoburg, li. Leghorn, or P. Cuehln hens or iiuUets. ir. H. TSHUDY, Lltl/,, Pa. II, HOWKBS, Vl'i PhlUp Street, Albany, N. Y. wiiiii f:x4;iiAiv4;ic. slralu), and one trio I'lynj'Hil born |>lllb!tH; Also, one Llphl liiLiMs'straiui for lliree Wliih- HACOiN .t KI'INNliM I'artrldgo Cochins (Brackett's 'i:.k..s')ft)r live A 1 Brown Leg- ■■• l.'-rel and three puUets (WH- statlon, Falrlleld Co., Conn. WAIVTKO T4» f;XCllAN4JK.-A draves' Incubator for a Top liiKKy or Fancy I'Ik.^.ujs. Addr.;ss M, A. FIIY, Vlneland, N. .1, '!'«» I':X4!IIAN4JI':. -lluir C.i.IiImh for Plymouth Hocks: also, throe •iii'lildge Cochin. hens and two Darli llrabrna h.uis for Plymouth Koeks. vide ICC, n. T. lid like tc 4.ll';4»ll4ill': W. niX4>lV, llox IH», WorccMM'r, M exidiarjue a llliiiiUaya]i DCH, live njoiiths ol.l, bii' Im.li Will exidiaiiKC a llrown Ked Bantani cock, wbicii won lirnl pnoiiium as coidierel at the llullalo and IJtIca Poultry Slujws, last wlrjter, for a llrsl- Irlnb Cray Carju.- Ha]ilani cock. Any one havliig a line Irish Cray Biujtai 4,IIM':YII4>II1V» I''4>lt I excluuige. .YIHOII'I'K lt4>4;KN. A hr .Ifiil iomlse-coloreil lOliglisb llraylioMMd ( bilHi,, ;,l„,iil, i l.ive viirM..M, v.-rv lull uikI graeefill-lookirig, for I'lyiilolll li Roclin, S. iuid V.llow I Ulrliwilic HM|ir,rior' Mglit llralioia coi ' l.Hllrtrti llrok.'ii lluiie, Wilde's |.'oii nl ains, nui I HI, mid Watch 1),,,,., iviial, other olbirsv biiiiliuiipia Lake Poultry I'arU, iMayvllle, N. Y. WIM, fancy jduoc ;X41IIA]M4JE-Whlto Leghorn i.uiiets, for any kind of !»• W. K BACON, Caiubrldgoiiort, JIasa. WIM^ EXCIIAJrOE Pure White Turkeys, Prairie Chlekens, Quail, and one hundred pure-bred L. and IJ. IJrahmas, forl-'ancy I'igcons, H. S. Sebright Bantams, Slate Turkeys, White Guineas. Who will ex- change? ,IAS. A. 8T0K.M, St. Joe Poultry Yards, St. Joseph, Mo. VS EXCIIAW4jiK.— Silver IJun Antwerp hens (from Wade) for Iloudan pullets. Address ItOliT. II. I.KWIS, Walnut Hills, Cincinnati, Ohio. %m\\x^ »tta ^ipottis. MAPLEVv^OOD POULTRY YARDS, JJtWfN STATION, PJENNA, W. H. JEFFRIES, Proprietor, JlllJCKDKIt AND SUirPEIt OF LIGHT AN0 DAKK BKAHMAS, BUFF AND WHITE COCHINS, BROWN AND WHITK LEGHORNS, G. S. AND S. P. UAMBURGS, B. B. R. GAMES, HOUDANS, GOLD AND SILVER SEBRIGHT BANTAMS. EGGS FOR SALE IN SEASON, fl©"' Price li.st itnd dcscriptivo catalogue sent on application. TO EXCIIAN4,)E EOIl 4>IICEI':.'V]tA4.'KN .lapan Silkies and Golden luid Slivered Duekwing Cam.' llurilueiM. I'.O, Box i;;7. W. T. ItOCIJtS, Doylcstown, Pa. Golden-Spangled Hamburgs, Silver-Spangled Hannburgs, American Dominiques, Plymouth Rocks, Brown Leghorns, White Leghorns. Only )>uro and fir,st-cl:iHS fowls bi'od. A few for sale. 4>Il»EKN N4>W It04>KE» FOR K4JUJS), At $4 por sitting of llamburgs, and $3 for other varieties. JOggs warranted frosii and true to name. GEO. W. WOOD, ITHACA, NEW YORK. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JANUAEY 14, 1875. No. 2. (For Fanciers' JournalO FAUNA OF SOUTH FLORIDA. It is with gri'iil, plciisiird IJiut f see ii gniwiiif; interest in tliis country in tlie eultivution of tho taste for Natural His- tory. Some vegnrtl it iis hohlii/i.im, but ho who lins no Iiobby is commonplaeo indeed. Nothing is more promotive of the culture of sueh a taste than tho publication of such periodi- cals as your Journal. Tho accumulation of such collections of animals as those of Fairmount Park, in your city, and in New York, are evidences of tho growing taste. Animate nature is the light through which tho divinity shines, and ho who fails to behold beauty in animals is befogged by the slavery of routine life. By permission, I will contribute my mito in giving my experience, aided by ornithology, in discussing and describ- ing the feathered fauna of South Florida. Many of the migratory birds of this region spend tho winters in that lovely climate, feeding on the abundant spontaneous fruits and seeds which are peculiar to a tropical climate; for, be it known, that manj' of the strictly tropical trees and plants abound in South Florida, and especially on the Keys and Gulf coast. The scientific names which I shall use will be duly credited to the authors who established them. In this article I will introduce tho Whooping Crane (Grus Americamis, Oud). About this bird there is a dis- pute, some claiming it as identical witli tho Sand Hill Crane {Onts Canklcnsis, Tknum). But this I do not believe. The "Whooping Crane is longer, and has adiftbrent notofrom the Sand Hill Crane, and is a more solitary bird. Although being found with its mate and their last brood, they are rarely seen in numbers over five — mostly three. Tho color of tho Whooper is of a bluish ash. It frequents open places, and feeds on marshy lands. It is a wary bird when alarmed, and stretches its long neck high in the air, and gives its pe- culiarly pleasant note — which is like the call note of a clar- ionet— then rises slowly, but not high, and skims along piping as it goes, alighting in sight. "When going from one feeding-place to another it rises higher, but its musical notes are hoard as it goes piping in time, as vooalists say. This crane lays two eggs of a dark-grayish color, and are about tho size of that of a goose, only longer. This crane breeds in South Florida ; is not migratory ; and makes its nest near the edges of a pond, or on the tuft in a pond. The bird is good for tho table, and said to bo equal to tho turkey. I cannot vouch, however, (or its eatable quality, never hav- ing eaten of its flesh. The Whooper is easily tamed, when young, and is to the poultry yard what tho shepherd dog is to sheep. His vigilance is said — by some of my friends in Florida, who have tamed him — to bo untiring, oven wakeful and watchful, and fierce upon any unaccustomed intruder. His dart is for tho oyo ; but, to those who feed him or handle him, the Whooper is a very affectionate servant. No prowl- ing vermin are permitted to enter the poultry yards where tho clarion Whooper is an inmate. As hie shape is ostrich-liko, some of his plumage is also ornamental, and might bo used in a like manner. V. M. FiROR. NoTK. — The color ascribed to the Wh(joping Crane by ornithologists, " as pure white with black primary quills," must be an error, as I have never, during a considerable number of years' residence in South Florida, scon such a colored Orut — which could not have escaped my notice if such had been there. The Wood Ibis (Fantatiis Ijoculaior, Linn) is much such a colored bird as the one described by them as our Whooping Crane, except it has a black tail. A WORD TO FANCIERS— HO"W TO COMMENCE THE NEW YEAR. One year ago the Fanciers' Jcurnal commenced its wel- come weekly visits among the fanciers of the United States. Only a fow numbers had gone abroad before congratulations and words of cheer from numerous sources poured in upon tho editor. For a time tho Journal had every prospect of being sufficiently encouraged to enable the editor to place before tho public such a paper as a long cherished idea bad convinced him was needed, both for the benefit and encour- agement of fanciers in America. While many have done all in their power to encourage and sustain the Journal, there are no doubt others equally as anxious to witness its deserved success, who have neglected to do their part from forgetful- ness, little considering if all — even though they desire a weekly paper — should do no more than they, that it would indeed meet with poor encouragement. An enterprise like the Fancier*' Journal, is beyond ques- tion of the utmost value and importance to the fanciers of this country. A weekly indicates thrift, enterprise, and busi- ness among the fanciers, which a publication of less frequent issues fails to exhibit. A weekly otiers inducements to the wide-awake fancier four times greater than a monthly, en- abling the advertiser to speedily call attention to his wants, and assisting him in quickly disposing of his stock, or to secure anything he might desire to purchase immediately, and many other reasons might be enumerated to show tho value of a weekly. Who can look over the numbers for tho past year of tho Fanciers' Journal, without being impressed strongly in favor of a weekly publication ? England can, and docs, sustain iwo weeklies, and shall it bo said that the fanciers of America cannot sustain one ; or, must we take a " back seat," and let the business jog along in the easy-going old-time worn ruts of indifference 7 " In union there is strength," and if each fancier would endeavor to encourage tho Journal (with something more than com- plimentary letters), by subscribing and soliciting some of thoir neighbors to do the same, that would be all sufficient — then no doubt the support would be adequate to insure success. 18 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. I was astonished to see in the last issue of the Journal, that hills amounting to over a thousand dollars were sent out, etc. Now, with all due respect to tlie leniency and good nature of the editor, I must say this ojight not to be. We all know that fanciers sell for cash only, and in advertising and subscription especially should they "come down," as they expect their patrons to do. From personal experience, we know that printers' bills must be paid or there will be no publication. Cash down is the best way to transact any business, and journalism cannot exist without it. Now I consider the poultry and pigeon business in that stage of advancement, that it cannot prosper without a live weekly publication devoted to its interests. The Journal has been (and I hope vifill always be) neutral on all questions in dispute, allowing both sides to be heard, a feature we cannot too highly commend and appreciate. The subscription is very reasonable — if charged at the same rate of those of less frequent issue it would be about double that now asked. Then by all means let every fancier encourage and substantially recognize the Jom-nal. Commence the new year by patronizing the poultry literature, and in so doing you will only (as we have on another occasion re- marked) be casting your " bread upon the waters." Com- mence the new year by subscribing to the Journal, you and your friends. G. 0. B. Brooklandvllle, Md., January 1st, 1875. PodLjF^Y DE[=;^[^TI«ErlT- STANDARD FOR HOTJDANS. Editor Fanciers' Journal : Will you allow one who has bred Houdans for a number of years, and always preferred them to every other breed, the use of your columns to say a few words on the fifth-toe question. I have read the article on Houdans, recently, written by Mr. Van Winkle, and in this particular can in- dorse him most heartily. There is no doubt whatever that this useful and beautiful breed of fowls is in great danger of serious deterioration from bumble foot. So prevalent has this disease become, especially in the heaviest and finest birds, that it will soon be as much a characteristic of the breed as the fifth toe itself, and, like it, will be hereditary. Breeding, as we do, continually from birds with this malady (and we must do it, for the best birds are thus afilicted), we will as certainly perpetuate this infirmity, as the large crests; or fine color, which we are striving to obtain. I have been astonished to find how universal is this trouble! You can hardly talk with a Houdan breeder without hearing of it as the one great evil of his yard. Now, what is the cause of this ? Go into your yard of old fowls, watch them as they walk around, and it is at once obvious. See how the birds with the finest spur toes put down their feet. The higher and better the spur toe, the farther is the fourth toe (which should support the bird's weight) raised from the ground. As they walk it does not touch at all. The whole weight is therefore thrown on the three front toes and the ball of the foot. Now, go among your Brahmas or Cochins and see how the fourth toe comes down squarely on the ground, equalizing the weight. As a result of this, you find no bumble foot among either of these varieties ; at least, such has been my experience out of many hundreds that I have raised, while among my old Houdans the birds free from it are almost the exception. Here some one sa3's, " Will the same rule apply to Dorkings ? " I admit it, and though my experience has been but slight with this breed, still every Dorking breeder will verify my statement as to the injury the spur toe has already done to that useful breed of fowls. But to return to Houdans. I conceive the great points to be striven after are, first, shape and size, then crest, mutf, comb, and color. Now every breeder, no matter how regularly the fifth toe is produced in his chicks, will now and then have a bird with four toes only, or with the fifth toe bent downward instead of upward, and how often it turns out to be the largest and best crested chick of the season ! Now, should this bird go to the block for that? Would it not, on the contrary, be much better to retain him, and make him the beginning of a new strain with four toes only? For my- self, if the standard is revised, I shall at once start a pen of this kind, though I have only one such bird in my yard ; but, at the same time, I shall still keep up my old strain, breeding as carefully as now for the spur toe. Then when I bring the new strain to not only an equality with the others, but, if possible, far superior to them in size and con- dition, I will, if the standard is not again revised and the spur toe retained, dispose of all my other stock and breed from birds with four toes only. A few years, by careful selection, would establish such a strain ; and I firmly believe by so doing, we could add a couple of pounds to the present average weight of Houdans and avoid entirely this obstinate disease which threatens to become hereditary. I would suggest to the revisers of the standard that judges be instructed to pay no attention whatever to the number of toes, provided the birds match in the pen, in this respect as in others. Let birds with the spur toe, and birds without, compete evenly ; and let real excellence, and not an un- sightly excrescence, determine their merits. Deformed toes, rudimentary, nailless lumps, or toes stuck so closely together as to seem like one with a double nail, should class under the general disqualifying clause of " deformity of any kind ; " but a good, well-marked fifth toe that turns down, instead of up, thus assisting the fourth in its work of sup- port instead of lifting it from the ground, should at least stand an equal chance with the spur toe. Let judges pay no attention to this point, and then breeders will turn their attention to the more important one of warding off the disease. Still another question comes up : Should a bird with five toes on one foot and four on the ojther compete, provided his hens match him in this respect? I say, no. It would be better to keep the standard as it is than to allow this. Such a bird is just as liable to bumble foot, the sole ground on which we oppose the fifth toe, and yet has none of the supposed beauty of the spur toe. Either four toes br five, but at least let the feet of the bird match. It has been sug- gested that, at the end of five years, a fifth toe shall disqualify FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY BXCIIANGK. 19 a bird. I think tliis very unwise, and should bo vory sorry to have sucli a limitation. Lot no timo bo fixed for throw- ing out tho fifth too, but lot rather each brooder's good Bonse, and his own interest, force him to this, and not an arbitrary rule. All tho advocates of the proposed revision ask U, that those who wish to improve tho brood by discard- ing tho oxcrosoonoo, and thus escaping disease, can have a chance to do this and not bo disqualillod. Tlioy do not cer- tainly ask any advantage over those who prefer the standard as it is. Let tho advocates of both theories moot on equal term.s, and tho improved health and vigor of tho birds with- out tho excrescence will slowly and surely force all Houdan fanciers to adopt tho new strain. I sincerely hope tho Committee of Revision will give this matter careful consideration, and that Houdan breeders throughout the country will not hesitate to express their opinions on tho subject in tho dififeront poultry papers. I think tho subject should at once receive tho attention of every friend of the breed. Yours truly, H. A. Grant, Jk. PENNA, STATE POULTRY ASSOCIATION. LIST OF riiKMlUMS AWAllDEU. Lif/hi Jlrahmas—FowU, 1st and 3d, Wm. H. Kern, 211 South Fourth St., Philada. ; 2d, Chas. Tees, Kensington. Chicks, 1st and 3d, Chas. Tees ; 2d, W. H. Kern. Best pair Liffhl Brahmas — Special, Chas Tees. Dark Brahmas — Powls, 1st, Estate H. H. Gr. Sharpless, Shoemakcrtown, Pa. ; 2d, John Clapp, Frankford, Pa. ; 3d, D. W. Herstine,Branchtown,'Pa. Chicks, 1st, Robert B. En- glo, Masonvillo, N. J. ; 2d and 3d, Est. H. H. G. Sharpless. Bent pair Dark Bralnnas — Special, Est. H. H. G. Sharpless. Buff Cochins — Fowls, 1st, A. P. Groves, Chestnut Hill, Philada.; 2d and 3d, John Chandler, Kennet Square, Pa. Chicks, 1st and 3d, John Chandler; 2d, Jesse N. Rooke, Hestonvillc, Philada. Best pair Buff Cochins — Special, A. P. Groves. Partridge Cochins — Fowls, 1st and 2d, A. P. Groves; 3d, Samuel J. Sharpless, Philada. Chicks, 1st, A. P. Groves; 2d, Jesse G. Darlington, Ilestonville, Pa. ; 3d, D. W. Hor- stine. Best pair Partridge Cochins — Special, A. P. Groves. Black Cochins — Fowls, 1st, Benj. Mann & Bro., Haddon- tiold, N. J. Chicks, 1st, H. S. Hindekopcr, Meadville, Pa. Special, Benj. Mann & Bro. White Cochins — Fowls, 1st, Benj. Mann & Bro. Chicks, 1st, G. W. Fredericks, Chestnut Hill, Pu. ; 2d, J. C. Long, Jr., 39 North Ninth Street. Special, Benj. Slann & Bro. Dorkings Gray — 1st, B. P. Lewis, Gwynned, Pa. Blue, — 1st and special, John E. Diehl, Beverly, N. J. Best pair Dorkings — Special, John E. Diehl. Leghorns, White— 2d, B. F. Lewis. Brown— Ut, "W. A. Burpee, 1332 Arch St., Philada. ; 2d, J. C. Long ; 3d, B. F. Lwis. Black— 3d, J. P. C. Griffith, Upland, Del. Co., Pa. Special, W. A. Burpee. Golden-Spangled Ilamburgs — 1st and 2d, James Schoflold, Glonriddlo, Pa. ; 3d, H. Danley, Lonni, Del. Co., Pa. Sil- ver— 1st, John SehofleUl, Soventy-lirsl and Darby Road. Best Spangled Hamburgs — Special, James Scholield. Hamburgs, Golden- Pencilled— \ii, Francis Tavlor, Oak- dale, Del. Co., Pa. ; 2d, G. W. Frederick. Silver-Penciled — 1st and 3d, John Scholield ; 2d, Francis Taylor. Best Penciled JIamburgs — Special, John Sohoficld. Black Ilamburgs — 1st and 2d, John Schofield ; 3d, John Chandler. Polish, White— lit, and 2d, G. W. Frederick. Black— •2(i, Judgo J. T. Pratt, Philada. Golden-Spangled— '2d, B. F. Lewis. Best pair Polish — Special, G. AV. Frederick. Houdans — 1st, 2d, 3d, and special, J. P. Crozior Griffith. Ci-evccours — 1st, G. W. Fredericks. Game, Black-Breasted Ped—Ut and 3d, E. R. Spaulding, Cedar Creek, N. J.; 2d, John Stone, Coatesville, Pa. Broion- Breasted Ped—lst, W. H. Livezoy, Germantown. Gold Duckwing — 1st, W. U. Livezey; 2d, E. R. Spaulding; 3d, John Stouo. Silver Ducktcing — 1st, VV. 11. Livezey. Bed Pile— \fi, J. W. Swoi»fort, Danville, Pa. Black Ilnekle— 1st, John Dixon, Philada. While Jlackle — 1st, John Dixon. Blue Breasted— ]m, (}. W. Frederick. White Breiieted—\f\., G. W. Frederick. Hcst pair Game— Special, E. K. Spauld- ing. C'luh Special, Game Cock — Best, Haniuel English, Bur- lington, N. J.; 2d host, G. \V. Frederick. Game Stag — Best, W. H. Livezey; 2d best, John Wxxon. Game Bantams, Itlack- Breaiited Red — 1st, 2d, and 3d, E. 11. Spaulding. Golden Duckwing — 1st, 2d, and 3d, E. K. Spaulding. Silver Duckwing — 1st, E. R. Spaulding; 2d, Benj. Mann & Bru. White Pile — Ist, Benj. Munn & Bro. lied Pile — Ist, G. W. Frederick ; 2d and 3d, Benj. Mann & Bro. Best collection Game fianninirjues—\st and 2d, Jesse G. Darlington ; 3d, E. J. Chandler. Best pair Dominiques — Special, J. G. Darlington. Capons — 1st, 2d, and special, R. B. Engle. Turkeys, Dark Bronze — 1st, B. F. Lewis. Light Bronze — 1st, B. F. Lewis. White Holland— \sl, B. F. Lewis. Blue —2d, M. F. Hill, Mt. Airy. Drab— \st, J. G. Darlington. Brstpair Bronze — Special, B. F. Lewis. Guinea Fowl, White— \&t, B. F. Lewis, /"car/— Ist, B. F. Lewis. Pheasants, Silver — Ist, Jesse N. Rooke. Golden — 1st and special, Jesse N. Rooke. . Geese, Bremen — (Old), 1st and special, B. F. Lewis; (young), 2d, Jos. T. Mears, Milestown, Pa.; Hong Kong — 1st and special, B. F. Lewis. Ducks, Aylesbury — 1st and special, B. F. Lewis; 2d, Jas. Schofield. .Rouen— "lii and special, S. J. Sharpless; 2d, B. F. Lewis ; 3d, P. Q. Holcomb, Readville, Pa. Cayuga— Ut, B. F. Lewis. Pekin — 1st, A. B. Holcomb, Lambertville, N. J. Cross beticeen Wild and Rouen — Honorable mention, S. J. Sharpless. PIGEONS. Pouters, Isabella— 'iat, B. F. Lewis. Blue Pied— \st, J. A. YewdcU, Philadelphia; 2d, W. H. Livezey; 3d, J. C. Long. White— Ul and 2d, J. W. Sweisfort. " .B/a<-A— Isl, J. A. Yewdell. Best pair Pouters — Special, J. A. Yewdell. Carriers, Black— Ul, J. A. Yewdell ; 2d, B. F. Lewis; 3d, J. W. Sweisfort. Blue— Ut, J. C. Long. X>m»i— 1st, John Parker. ICAiVc— 1st, J. C. Long. Best pair Carriers —Special, J. A. Yewdell. Fantails, White-Crested— Ut, B. F. Lewis; 2d, John Parker; 3d, J. C. Long. White, Smoofh.Head—\s.t, J. "W. Sweisfort; 2d, B. F. Lewis; 3d, J. C. Long. Black— ist, John Parker; 2d, B. F. Lewis. B/mc— 1st, J. C. Long. Best pair Fantails — Special, B. F. Lewis. Tumblers, Almojids — 1st, J. AV. Sweisfort. Bldck Feath- erleq—Ut, C. Hustod, Philadelphia. Red Mottled Button- head— Ut, AV. A. Burpee. Mottled— ist, J. C. Long. yelloiv—Ut, B. F. Lewis. Balh-Ut, J. C. Long; 2d, John Parker. /hsi'(/«— 1st, B. F. Lewis. Jacobins. Blaek—\sl, J. AV. Sweisfort. 7?<-rf— 1st, B. F. Lewis. }'elloic—Ut, B. P. Lewis. Turbits, Black— lit, John Parker; 2d, J. C. Long. W/iite — 1st, B. P. Lewis; 2d, John Parker. Solid yellouy— 1st, J. C. Long. JV//0IO iri;iy which it is protruded so far is both complicated and beautiful. A dog's tongue in lapping water takes a form by a mere act of volition that cannot bo imitated by an ingenious mechanician. The hu- man tongue in the articulation of language surpasses in variety of motions the wildest imagination of a poet. Even in swallowing food, its office is so extraordinary, that phy- siologists cannot ex|]luin the phenomena of deglutition with- out employing ths aid of several sciences. — Public Ledger. J8@" A Doo ON THE Witness Stand.;— The Richmond (Va.) Inquirer says : On Wednesday, Mr. Spears was before the Police Court, charged with keeping a vicious dog, and the animal was ordered to be killed. Subsequently, how- ever, the execution of the sentence was suspended, as the evidence upon which he was con,victed was ex parte ; and a new trial granted. Tho case came up again Friday morning, and a large number of persons testified as to the good character of the dog, and the whole matter resolved itself into the fact that he had scared the gentleman who had complained of his attacking him by rough play. Nevertheless, to make assurance doubly sure, at the request of his master, the dog was put upon the stand to testify in his own case. On being asked if he would bite anj'one, he uttered a peculiar noise and shook his head. He was then asked if he would bite if his master set him on, and he replied in the aflirmative by nodding his head. When asked if he would bite the court, he replied in the negative. Several other questions were asked him, and his answers and actions exhibited the great- est intelligence. It is needless to say he was honorably ac- quitted. 8@" We see a statement ascribed to our old friend Seth Green as to the proper care and treatment of gold-fish, to which we do not altogether subscribe. We have had a pond of gold-fish for some twenty years, and find them hardier than even catfish. They will live with less food than any fish of which we have any knowledge, or in muddier water, and they will bear as much handling or rough usage with- out any perceptible efl'ect. We have taken hundreds of large-sized specimens with the hook, played them for some time, drew them out and then threw them back again with- out any injury. Seventy-five were caught for the fountain- basin of the great sanitary fair held in Philadelphia during the war — were dropped in a barrel and hauled to the city; and if any of them died we did not hear of it ; but we did hear that they were sold at the end of tho fair at a dollar apiece. Among other things, in another statement, Mr. Green is made to say that while fish have sharp sight, and are sensitive as to any jarring of the earth, as by stamping, or of the air by the discharge of a gun, they do not hear. We have published this fact from our own experience nearly or quite a quarter of a century ago. — Oer. Telegraph. 24 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. "IFaNCIEIIS' J| OURNAL AND Ip OTJLTEY ^XOHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. A. N. Eaub, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mall $0 10 Per Annum, 2 50 Per Annum to England 3 54 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. ambricajSt poultry association. In" compliance with the Constitution of the above Associa- tion, a call has been made for the Annual Meeting for the election of officers for the ensuing year, to be held at the Allyn House, Hartford, Connecticut. It is not expected that any other business will come before the meeting, as it will be adjourned to meet at Buflfalo on the 12th day of February next. Pancibks' Joitknal : Among the many contributions to you, reference has been often made to the relative values which birds have when on exhibition for competition, but none of them to my satis- faction have ever explained that mysterious " 100 points," which are necessary to make the perfect bird. As the question stands at present, we are wholly ignorant of the value of a " point " as applied in a measuring sense. The standard requires its application and enforces upon the judge the necessity of it as a guide to his final decision, and also to hold in cheek his individual preference. We all recognize the standard, and as it has placed this scale of values in such prominence that we cannot avoid its use, would it not be well for some of our poultry lawyers to consider the question of inserting an explanation in that book, and in so plain language that all could apply it ? Now that the season for showing is close upon us we would all like to know how high the representative birds will rank ; for, if marking too low in the scale, the expense is some- times so great, that unless the prospect of a reasonable place in competition is good, we would not feel justified in ship- ping them. "Will the Journal, or some of its contributors, please explain ? Is there any fixed riile to govern a de- cision ? That judges vary in marking none will deny — a promi- nent example of which comes to mind in the Churchman " $100 in gold prize " decision. If we say that the maxi- mum number of points for a perfect Light Brahma comb is ten, what will be the number to which an inferior one is en- titled? I hear an answer after this wise: That in propor- tion to its nearness to perfection does it receive its relative position. But, I answer, that I have never seen a perfect comb, and do not know that any one has. Prom a flock of ten cocks, owned by as many persons, there will of course be no two alike. Suppose we select one and accept it as the standard. Now, A has a bird that I will mark nine points ; another judge will mark seven points. One is wrong, and possibly both. We ask an explanation now, for, were the American Poultry Assoi:iation to act on such a sugges- tion, it would not arrive at a decision in time for us to use the present show season. G. U. S. Dedham, December 22, 1874. The above article ought to have appeared in our last number, but we retained it in hope of giving a careful an- swer in detail, but we have not the time to give it that consideration which the subject merits, but G. U. S. can rest assured that the explanatory chapter will appear in the next revised edition. It will be impossible, however, to make it so clear that every one could apply it correctly. We are glad that G. U. S. calls attention to the judging in the $100 gold prize at Buffalo last year. At that time we were too busy to more than place it on record, expecting that it would be severely criticised, but no one on this side of the water gave it any attention. Not so with L. Wright, however, as the readers of the Fanciers' Gazette have no- ticed. In this case, four of the finest Dark Brahma hens were placed on exhibition, not one of which, we should think, would rate lower than 86 points — if she did, she had no business there ; and yet in entry 1053, I. K. Felch fig- ured 91J points, while Mr. Williams figured only 74, a difference of 17^ points. In entry No. 1054, Mr. Felch and Mr. Williams varied 17 points. When such a difference is made by judges like Messrs. Felch, Hudson, and Williams, there is no wonder that G. U. S. calls for more light on the subject of applying the standard. CoF\F\ESfO|^DEfICE. Editor Fanciers' Journal : Dear Sir: I am greatly obliged to "Spangle" for his disinterested reply to my question. How great the contrast between it and that of your correspondent from Connecticut, who, under the pretext of answering my question, takes ad- vantage of the occasion to gratuitously advertise his Light Brahmas and Dominiques, and at the same time set forth his claim to having originated the Plymouth Eock fowl. Modest man ! He should not hide his light under a bushel, but write a book. If practicable, I shall use Leghorn and Spanish cocks to cross with Light Brahma hens, and will endeavor to send the result to the Journal. Now I have another question for " Spangle," or any other man : What is the cause of scurvy legs in fowls ? I have often seen it on nearly every variety of fowls, and would like to know what is the cause of it, how to prevent it, and the best cure ? I have several more questions to ask in a future number. Tours, etc., Makchestee, N. H., December 6, 1874. N OVICE. PENNSYLVANIA POULTRY ASSOCIATION. At the regular annual meeting of the Pennsylvania State Poultry Society, held this day, the following ofilcers were elected to serve for the present year, 1875 : President — William Wister. Vice-Presidents — John E. Diehl, Samuel J. Sharpless, T. B. Kayner, V. S., Dr. Lusson, Samuel P. Courtney. Treasurer — G. W. Frederick. Recording Secretary — Wm. H. Kern. Corresponding Secretary — A. P. Groves. Executive Comynittee — D. W. Herstine, Jesse G. Darling- ton, Judge J. T. Pratt, B. F. Lewis, J. C. Long, Jr., Benj. Mann, John Clapp, John Stone, Mark Schofield, Isaac F. Baker. Janhaky 11, 1875. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 25 AND YOUNG I'OLK'S COIINKH. 49^ All cotiimuiiloutlonH and oonti-lbutiuna iiitciHlcd for this depart- incut ahould bo addreaaod to IIUWAKD I. IKiCLANI), Concordvillc, Delaware Co., I'a, WOOING. A little bird once met unotlier bird, And whistled to her "Will you be my mnto?" With fluttering wings she twittered " How absurd. Oh, wliat a silly pate I " And oft' into a distant tree she flew, To find concealment in its friendly cover ; And passed the hour in slyly peeping through At her rejected lovor. The jilted bird, with drooping heart and wing, Pi)ured forth its grief all day in j)laintive songs — Telling in sadness to the car of Spring The story of his wrongs. But little thought he, while each nook and dell With the wild music of his pliant was thrilling, That scornful breast with sighs began to swell — Half-pitying, and hull- wailing. Next month I walked the same sequestered way. When close together on a twig 1 spied them ; And in a nest half hid with leaves there lay Pour little birds beside them. Coy maid, this moral in your ear I drop ; When lovers' hopes within their hearts you prison Fly out of sight and hearing ; do not stop To look behind and listen. (For Fanciers' Journal.) aUEER PETS. Boys, if you desire a funn^' little pet to keep during the winter — one which will att'ord you an endless source of amuse- ment— get a ground-mouse, or, as they are often called, a mondow-movise. Their queer antics, clumsy movements, and funny appearance, all tend to make them a favorite with the young. Beauty is a good quality in a pot, but ugliness often carries oft' the prize. See some of our breeds of dogs. But to our subject. October is the month in which ground- niice are best captured. Go into a cornfield where the farmer is carting corn-fodder, and as the last bundle of fodder is tossed on the wagon you will see several rodents, smaller than a rat though larger than a mouse, dart from under the bundle and scamper across the field as fa.st as their short logs will carry them. These are meadow-mice which have been feasting on the few ears of corn left on the stalks. "Throw your hat over one before he gets away. You have him I No, he's crept from under your hat. Surely you have him now. Don't squeeze him so tightly. Look out for your finger; his teeth are as sharp as needles." From an empty starch box you can make a cage for your pet. Nail wire netting over the open side; cut a hole in the back for a door; and fix a little sleeping box in one corner, and the cage is ready to receive its occupant. Old bleaching box lids will do for feeding and drinking troughs. Feed your pet principally on corn. Give pure water each day. _. { ? ) LICE IN CANARY CAGES. "What will completely rid canaries and their cages from lice. We have smoked the cages with sulphur; kerosened them and covered at night with cloths, and yet thev live, move, and have a being. Please answer in Journal, and oblige." uH. C." In answer to the above we quote the following from the Fanciers' Qazeite of last week, giving a remedy which it very simple, and no doubt effectual. The writer ibti : "No doubt cleanliness would do much af> & preventiTe ; but it will be the object of those who find these vermin in possession to eject them, if possible, or to be rid of tbem in some way. I would, therefore, recommend the use of cam- phor as obnoxious to small insect life. This can bo placed in the cages of canaries or other birds in perfect safety, and without fear of a bird eating it — producing all the good effect desired, without drawback or disadvantage. If a wooden pill-box bo taken, into which holes have been plen- tifully drilled through top and sides, and camphor placed within, sufiicient to generate a strong odor, the insects will soon be found to have disappeared. Thus, by practicing the preventive moan.^ above referred to, the annoyance may be for the future kept off. It may be found advisable to wash the cages ; and, if this be done with arsenical soap, all eggs and insects, in any stage of existence, will be effectu- ally destroyed. But, as arsenic is evaporative, it will be well, after ablution, to take the precaution to leave the cages empty for sufficient time before the birds are again put into them, that all trace of it may have entirely disappeared." WHITE SaUIRRELS. Mr. Editor: I notice in your issue of December 24, the editor of the Small Pet Department in reply to Mr. Bassett, of Berlin, Wisconsin, expresses an opinion that a distinct breed of Squirrels exists there. He dismisses the idea of tports, from the fact that two young White Squirrels were found in a nest of five, especially as the other three young were Gray, as were their parents. This circumstance is not at all strange, albino Squirrels have existed long, long ago. We see this freak of nature manifested in rats, mice, black birds, and crows, also in the human family among negroes and whites. I am not surprised at the result of the mouse cross, as given by Mr. Ireland. I well recollect, several years ago, that a grain merchant in this city, found his granary infested with spotted mice, and shortly afterwards with white mice, which exactly resembled the ordinary brown mice, their progeni- tors, except in their color, fur, and eyes. Some of these albinos we caught and bred in confinement, and their young were like themselves, excepting now and then a brown mouse made its appearance, but finally they bred true in color, viz., white. Squirrels wilt occasionally breed albinos, and I cannot but believe if such specimens were mated together for a per- iod, that their increase would eventually breed white. In my early boyhood days a white crow was seen in this vicinity ; the fact being noised about, the sporting fraternity turned out, from this and neighboring towns, to hunt for this curious freak of nature, each one hoping to obtain the prize. Finally, my uncle, James Bailey, who was a fine shot, was the fortunate one, and the white crow, after being suitably perpared, adorned the Albany Museum for many years. Its feathers were of an ashen hue instead of white, and its eyes wore pearl. A few years ago a physician in this city captured some albino rats, together with their brown fellows, which were nearly half-grown. They bred in captivity, and their in- crease were mostly albinos. In the South I have seen albinos occurring a* a freak of nature, and most people in the North have seen such speci- 26 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. mens on exhibition here. An albino child was once born, in my practice, from sooty black parents, and still it was not claimed that a stray white sheep was in the fold. The child had the features of a negro, white curly hair, light blue eyes, which were very weak. He could not see well in the daylight, but could see well in the night. From these cir- cumstances we do not claim that we have a distinct race of white negroes. In certain localities in Africa negroes differ in color ; some resemble mulattoes while others are as black as the ace of spades. There are also albinos among the white race. 1 can now recall three or four individuals whose eyes are light blue and very weak. I came in contact with one yesterday, while riding in the horse cars, though his hair, eyebrows, eye- lashes, and beard were colored brown; but the growth next to the skin, and the peculiarity of the eyes, were quite suffi- cient to identify this man as an albino, especially if one had ever seen them before. It seems to me these illustrations are quite sufficient to convince any one that there does not exist in Wisconsin a distinct breed of white squirrels, but simply a few specimens of albino squirrels. James S. Bailey, M.D. (For Fanciers' Journal.) GOLD FISH. These beautiful members of the finny tribe are of the same genus with the common Carp. The Gold JPish is in- digenous to China, and is said to have originated from a species of Carp found in a lake at the foot of Mt. Tsien-king. For a considerable time it has been naturalized in other countries, and is now quite common in many of the fresh- water streams of Southern Europe. Gold Fish were intro- duced into England during the seventeenth or eighteenth centuries. In the old country there are many ponds con- taining these bright-colored fish. Gold Fish have become so acclimated to the rigor of the weather, both in England and America, that they will live during the winter in a pond, even if it be covered with a coating of ice. They thrive best, however, in water of a moderately even temperature, such as water through which steam or hot water is passed, and the rapidity with which Gold Fish increase in such a tank is absolutely marvelous. The young of the Gold Fish are generally darkish in color ; the red hue, for which they are so highly prized, becoming more brilliant as they grow older. Silver Fish are the same as the Gold Fish ; the color of the former often changes to red, while that of the latter sometimes grows lighter. Many monstrosities, such as "pied fish," tri-tailed Gold Fish, etc., spring from the common genus. The Gold Fish is, in my opinion, of less trouble than any other pet. The writer has been very successful with Gold Fish ; his plan is as follows: Place some white, well-washed beach sand in the bottom of the globe or tank intended for the recep- tion of your fish. Now scatter a few miniature rocks about the bottom so as to produce a pleasing appearance. Plant a bunch of river- weed in the sand (river-weed can be procured at the store where you get your Gold Fish). Fill the fish habitation about three-fourths full of clear hydrant water, and throw into it one or two fresh-water snails. These moUusks will act as scavengers, and devour all the refuse matter which accumulates. Tou may now put in the fish, being careful not to introduce too many for the capacity of your globe or tank. Seldom, if ever, feed the fish ; Gold Fish feed upon the animalcules which exist in the water ; though they are invisible to the naked eye, yet they increase so rapidly as to supply the Gold Fish with abundance of food. I have kept Gold Fish for several years, and during this period have only lost two. This success I think is en- tirely due to my adherence to the above plan P. L. DESTRUCTION OF BIRDS FORBIDDEN. The destruction of all birds, except game to eat, has been recently prohibited in many of the small German States, on the Rhine and in parts of Germany. The motives urged are these : wherever the farmers have killed the rooks, jays, and even sparrows, the crops have been less than where they had been unmolested. Very able naturalists have examined this, and have reported that the vast quantity of noxious vermin which the birds destroy, greatly exceeds the small quantity of grain they destroy in searching for the insects on which they feed. Investigation in this country has developed the same fact. The destruction of the birds gives hosts of insect tribes a chance for life, and these feed upon the crops, and cause a far more general destruction of fruits, vegetables, and cereals than is occasioned by the birds themselves. Now as the spring approaches, and with it the time of the singing of birds, measures should be taken to protect these warblers from murderous attacks. HOW BIRDS LEARN TO SING. "What is instinct? It is the "faculty of performing complex acts absolutely without instruction, or previously acquired knowledge." Instinct, then, would enable animals to perform spontaneously acts, which, in the case of man, presuppose ratiocination, a logical train of thought; but when we test the observed facts which are usually put for- ward to prove power of instinct, it is found that they are seldom conclusive. It was on such grounds that the song of birds was taken to be innate ; albeit a very ready experiment would have shown that it comes from the education they receive. During the last century Barrington brought up some lin- nets taken from the nest in company with larks of sundry varieties, and found that every one of the linnets adopted completely the song of the master set over them, so that now these linnets — larks by naturalization — form a company apart, when placed among birds of their own species. Even the nightingale, whose native sound is so sweet, exhibits under domestication, a considerable readiness to imitate other singing birds. The song of the bird is, therefore, de- termined by its education, and the same must be true to nest- building. A bird brought up in a cage does not construct the nest peculiar to his species. In vain will you supply all the necessary materials ; the birds will employ them without skill, and will oftentimes even renounce all purpose of build- ing anything like a nest. Does not this well-known fact prove that, instead of being guided by instinct, the bird learns how to construct his nest, just as a man learns how to build a house ? COMEDY IN AN AQUARIUM. I ONCE possessed a soldier-crab, that inhabited a Purpifra shell, which was, however, quite insufficient to conceal him. "Whether it was that his tail was weaker than usual I can- FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 27 not say, but in spite of my efforts to make him shift hia qiiiU'tors to some more suitublo, though more weighty conch, h() always preferred his original dwelling. I dropped in for his approval, at different times, at least six turbinated cots, any one of which would have suited him to a turn ; but no, although his head and the greater portion of his body were always exposed, from some unaccountable reason he always appeared contented and hapjiy with his choice. By accident I hit upon a plan to eject him. I had a dog-whelk, which was at least twice the size of the hermit-crab, and, as it ap- proximated too closely to the top of the tank to suit my notions of propriety, 1 gave him a sudden jerk that sent him ])hinip to the bottom. He landed in a corner close to a piece of sandstone, on which some delicate Ulva ladssima was growing, and hickily in the same corner the hermit was seated performing his toilet, little anticipating any disturb- ance. Meantime Mr. Whelk in a few seconds, not being at all maimed by his fall, prepared as usual to make a move, and gently turning back his horny door, or operculum, he adixi^d his broad breast to the lirst object within reach, and the aforesaid Purpura shell holding this position, it of course was selected for the purpose. Shortly thereafter, the crab, wishing to take his morning walk, prepared to move. Im- agine his surprise and indignation upon finding that his car- riage refused to be drawn after him with its usual facility. Ho knew that the obstruction could not have arisen from its having stuck in the mud, and therefore probably concluded that 1 or somebody else (not at all an unusual occurrence) was playing tricks upon him. In this belief he gave a strong pull, and then, finding he did not advance in the least his vehicle from its former position, he popped inside with the intention of tiring us out, and so getting free. Accordingly, after a short interval, thinking perhaps that all was right, he peeped at first rather slyly out, but in a little while with great boldness, when, to his horror, what should meet his eye but the monster mollusc bearing down upon him, and threatening to crush himself and his dwelling- all to pieces beneath its weight. That he was greatly alarmed was evident — if not from his face, at least judging from his actions, for he pulled and tugged and shook his long antenn.-e threateningly, although without the slightest success. A pony might as well have attempted to pull a phaeton to which was attached a heavy brewer's dray, as the crab to move the united weight of his shell and the great whelk combined. There was one hole left for him whereby he might creep out of his difficulty. It was not a pleasant alternative certainly, but it must be done, so giving a final tug, quite as futile as any he had before made, he unhooked his tail, and clambered up the friendly piece of sandstone that stood hard by. From the apex of this resting-place he looked savagely down upon the wretch who had, as he thought, wilfully robbed him of his house — his all. " Is it not too bad, sir, for such a crawl- ing rascal to stick to his neighbor's property like that?" he seemed to ask, looking up at mo. " Honi soil qtti mal y peme," thought I, for I knew the whelk had, like Jlichael Cassio, " erred in ignorance, and not in cunning." I could not, therefore, think of going to the rescue. The result proved that it was unnecessary ; for soon afterwards ho had crept over the hermit's cell, and was quietly wending his way towitfds the wrinkled sands. The crab, who had been attentively watching every movement, no sooner perceived the coast clear than ho scrambled down to his " old house at home," before the door of which I had just mischievously pushed a pebble. Determined not to be baffled by such an obstacle, he quickly scraped it away, sorted hi« shell, and giving a sort of gymnastic leap from the place where he stood, ho dropped his tail with the greatest precision into the aperture, adjusted his body, and galloped off to some raoro favorable spot. This little incident taught him a lesson, from which it was evident he profiled on another occasion. Indeed, the next day I found he had voluntarily taken up with a shell much better suited to the calibre of his body. It was very annoying, after I had waited so long and patiently to see him "flit" to another residence, to find that he had done it on the sly, and under the eliadow of night, like a swindler that had not paid his rent. Hut many a time have I, in common with othi'r zealous observers, been similarly disappointed. It is on this account that it is so difficult to treat of- their habits from personal observation. It not un- frequently occurs that before a circumstance can bo chroni- cled, which when written takes but a few minutes to read, days, weeks, and even months are spent in constant watch- ing by the anxious student. — Harper's Aquarium. jj^'Intellioenck of Birds. — Here is an interesting instance of the iiitelligence of storks : A great fire broke out in a little German town near where stood a tower about eighty feet high, which formed a part of the town wall. On the summit a stork's nest had been built for so many years that the building had received the name of " Stork's Tower." At the time of the fire, there were three unfledged birds in the nest, and the poor little birdies were in great danger. But the old storks soon showed their good sense and their love for their young, for by turns they each flew off to some fish-pond just outside the walls; here they took a dip in the water, and filled their beaks with as much as they could carry away, then, notwithstanding the smoke and flames, they flew back to their little ones, poured the water from their beaks over them and the nest, and at the same time shaking it out from their feathers. Thus during the whole day did these faithful birds act as a winged fire-brigade, till towards evening, when all danger for their young and their nest was over. 8^" Specialty or Speciality. — The New York Journal of Commerce happily combines general instruction for its readers with market reports, and speculations in regard to growing crops. The ./oHnio? recently decided that the word "specialty " is the correct term to be used in describing a special business or pursuit, instead of the word "speciality." A correspondent, in taking issue with the Journal on this decision, gives some interesting information on the subject. He says that specialty, as an old English law term, is prop- erly applied to a class of obligations, and is used in that sense by law writers at the present time. Speciality, ho says, is from the French specialUc, and denotes a special business or pursuit; that it was first brought into use by French importers, as far back as 1840, and was used in that form until 1800. In ISo!" the word appeared in the supple- ment to Webster's Dictionary as irpecialty, with both defini- tions as above given. In the latest edition he says that both words appear, each with itj; correct definition. He considers the words as distinct as realty and reality, personalty and personality, and hopes that as the new edition of Webster supplants the old, there will be a gradual return to the w^ord "speciality" in the printing offices, and thus uniformity in the written and spoken word be secured. — Public Ledger. 28 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. B^° A very small African of an inquiring turn of mind, employed to do chores at Bedford (Ky.) College, lately un- dertook to repeat in the stable attached to the college before an extemporized class of playmates, the experiment he had seen performed in the recitation room, of quenching a flame by placing it under a glass case and depriving it of the ele- ments of combustion. The result was that the youthful savant succeeded in burning the stable to the ground. 8®" Balkt Horses — The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, puts forth a set of rules for the treat- ment of balky horses. 1. Pat the horse upon the neck ; examine the harness care- fully, first on one side and then on the other, speaking en- couragingly while doing so; then jump into the wagon and give the word go ; generally he will obey. 2. A teamster in Maine says he can start the worst balky horse by taking him out of the shafts and making him go round in a circle till he is giddy. If the first dance of this sort does not cure him, the second will. 3. To cure a balky horse, simply place your hand over the horse's nose and shut oif his wind until he wants to go. 4. The brain of a horse seems to entertain but one idea at a time ; therefore, continued whipping only confirms his stubborn resolve. If you can, by any means, give him a new subject to think of, you will generally have no trouble in starting him. A simple remedy is to take a couple of turns of stout twine around the foreleg, just below the knee, tight enough for the horse to feel, and tie in a bow knot. At the first check he will generally go a dancing off, and after going a short distance you can get out and remove the string, to prevent injury to the tendon in your further drive. 5. Take the tail of the horse between the hind legs, and tie it by a cord to the saddle-girth. 6. Tie a string around the horse's ear, close to his head. ADTERXISEMEHTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at the following rates : For one to two months 20 cents per line. " three to five months n]^ " " " six to eight months 15 " *' '* nine to eleven months 12 " " " twelve months, 10 " " CHANQED AS OFTEX AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance. About 12 words make a line, and 12 lines make an inch of space. *®" Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Exc^^y\^JqES. *S*Advertisements in this Column, of Five Lines, oh Forty- Eight Words, describing and offering for excliaiige only, WILL BE allowed AT 35 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. "Wllili EXCHASTGE.— Brown Lfighorns (Kinney's strain) for Silver-Spangled Hamburgs. None but reliable parties, that have good stock, need apply. F. H. SCHWARTZ, Bernville P. O., Berks Co., Pa. WIJCE EXCHASTQE — One trio Partridge Cochins (Brackett's aerain), and one trio Plymouth Rocks (Drakes') for five A 1 Brown Leg- horn pullets; Also, one Light Brahma cockerel and three pullets (Wil- liams' strain) for three White Leghorn pullets. BACON & SPINNING, Riverside Station, Fairfield Co., Conn. OEOBGE W. DIXOIV, Box 188, Worcester, Mass, would like to exchange a Himalayan DOE, five months old, for buck of the same breed. Will exchange a Brown Ked Bantam cook, which won first premium as cockerel at the Butfalo and Dtica Poultry Shows, last winter, for a first- class Irish (iray Game Bantam cock. Any one having a fine Irish Gray Bantam cock, can have a good exchange. Wltl, EXCHANGE — One pair of Golden-Spangled Hamburgs for a pair of Angora Kabbits. ED. McKEAN, Eouseville, Venango Co., Pa. WAKTED TO EXCHADTGE.— A Graves' Incubator for a Top Buggy or Fancy Pigeons. Adaress M. A. FEY, Vineland, N. J. WASTTED — In exchange for Dark Brahmas, from the strains of Van Wiukle, Bickuell, and Sweet, one superior Light Brahma cock and a few choice hens or pullets; Broken Bone, Wade's Fountains, male Mocking Bird, Skye Terrier, and Watch Dog. What other offers? T. D. HAMMOND, Chautauqua Lake Poultry Park, May ville, N. Y. TO EXCHANGE.— Two trios Muscovy ducks, and one pair Black Cayuga ducks, for faucy pigeons, Leghorns, or B- B. E. Game Bantams- hens or pullets. What ofiers ? WM. P. ATKINSON, Eric, Pa. TO EXCHANGE.— Any of the stock in my advertisement in this journal, headed " For Sale," for Brown, Black, or Dominique Leghorn hens or pullets ; B. B. E. Game Bantam hens or pullets ; Golden Sebright hens or pullets, and faucy pigeons. What other offers. WM. P. ATKINSON, Erie, Pa. I WItE EXCHANGE two Dark Brahma Cockerels, a trio of B. Javas, or Ginger Games, a pair of S. P. Hamburgs, or W. F. B. Spanish— for two White Cochin pullets, Houdans, Duckwing Games, or a good sil- ver watch, V. M. FIROE, Grange Yards, Duffields, West Va. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Brown-Breasted Eed Games, three stags and two pullets — prize winners at the Monmouth County Show — for ex- hibition coops, or anything except scrub stock. Make me an offer. Address R. Y. FAIESERVICE, East Newark, N. J. ^WIEE EXCHANGE. — Premium Pearl Guineas ; one trio choice B. B. R. Games and Light Brahmas — for Buff Cochins, or any other good fowls. A. M. CAEEY, Selins Grove, Pa. ■WIEE EXCHANGE.— One pair Pea Fowl chicks— for Silver- Laced Sebright Bantams, or B. B. E. Game Bantams. EDWAED T. M. SIMMONS, Lock Box 1558, Oil City, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE Two Buff Cochin pullets; two Dark Brah- ma pullets; two Partridge Cochin pullets; two White Leghorn pullets; and Fanciers^ Joui-nal for one year — for four Black and two White Cochin pullets. Must be extra good birds, mine are. EDWAED T. M. SIMMONS, Lock Box 1558, Oil City, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE.— One Pittsburg Corn Sheller, cost S12.50, never used — for B. B. R. Game Bantams or Sebrights. Good birds wanted. EDWAED T. M. SIMMONS, Lock Box 1558, Oil City, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Four Buff Cochin pullets, imported by Dr. Monroe — lor B. B. E. Game Bantam pullets. The Bulls are extra. Bantams must be the same. EDWAED T. M. SIMMONS, Lock Box 1558, Oil City, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE Two trios of White Leghorns (Dr. Mun- oe's premium birds), for B. B. R. Game Bantam pullets. The best birds ranted. EDWARD T. M. SIMJIONS, Lock Box 1658, Oil City, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Five Dark Brahma pullets (P. Williams' strain). For B. B. R. Game Bantam pullets. The best birds wanted. EDWAED T. M. SIMMONS, Lock Box 1558, Oil City, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Two trios of Golden-Laced Sebright Ban- tams—premium birds— for one cockerel and four pullets, or Silver-Laced Sebright Bantams. Extra ^ood birds wanted and given. EDWARD T. M. SIMMONS. Lock Box 1558, Oil City, Pa. TO EXCHANGE — One solid Yellow Owl hen— for a cock of the ame kind. Must be as good as mine is. Address J. W. SWEISFORT, Danville, Pa. WANTED IN EXCHANGE.— One good Cabinet Organ, and B. B. B. E. Game Bantams — for one pair Shepherd dogs, and fancv fowls. C. E. L. HAYWAED, Petersboro, N. H. WIEE EXCHANGE A Buff and a Partridge Cochin cook for a pair of Eouen, Aylesbury, Black Cayuga, or White Muscovy Ducks, a pair of White Guinea fowls, or a Bronze Turkey hen. Address L. GORDON, Sloansville, N. Y. WIEE EXCHANGE.— One pair of Angoras, three months old, that took first premium at Hartford Fair — for a pair of young Lop-ears, not less than two months old. For particulars, address L. S. PEESTON, care Orient Insurance Co., Hartford, Conn. loultt'y m\& iipaiisi. WANTED.— Applications for my Illustrated Catalogue and Price List, free to all. The Fanciers' Journal free for one year to all purchasers of fowls and eggs, regardless of amount. Fowls and eggs delivered free in the United States. Who can beat this? EDWARD T. M. SIMMONS, Lock Box 1558, Oil City, Pa. FOR SAI.E,— The following varieties of fowls and chicks: Silver Sebright, Golden Spangled, and Black Hamburgs; also, Dominique Leg- horns. Send for price list. CHAS. SELSER, Doylestown, Pa. FOR SAIjE.— One Houdan cock, one Brown Leghorn cock, two Houdan cockerels. $4 each. For particulars, address A. B. & C. T. BANTA, Hackensack, N. J. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHAMIE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JANUARY 21, 1875. No. 3. PodLJF^Y DEf^f^JIWEfJT. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE MODERN GAME COCK OF TUB KNOLISU AND AMKKtCAN SHOW PENS. (The nbovc illiistrntion is said to havo been drawn from life, from a trio of birds imported, and is a fair represent^ition of tbe modern En- glish Game fowl mentioned in the following article.— Ed.] The modern English Game fowl occupies the same position among the gallinaceous order that the English thorough- bred horse does among the equine, or the greyhound among the canine races. "With his clean head, bright eye, strong beak, long snaky neck, broad shoulders, powerlul thighs, and long, strong- boned legs, symmetrical taper of body, smooth and brilliant feather, he is the very beau-ideal of a Game bird, and a triumph to the English breeder. The Game fancier required an exaggerated standard of points ; in other words, an ideal coek, and the breeder set about the task of producing it, and that be has done so a visit to any of our first-class poultry shows will at once prove. The Game cock of twenty years ago, in this country (and it is fair to presume that in England lie was of the same type, as all our stock was derived from thcnccj, was of a very different appearance, of lower stature, much shorter in the leg and thigh, broad in the breast, and in general make-up short and squatty, as compared with his rakish- looking modern relative. In those days there was no attempt to breed to colors, gameness in the pit was the sine qua non, and the stigma of a "runaway" was sufficient to consign all of a breeder's stock to the headsman's block and the spit. As before, said breeds wore only valued for their fighting qualities, and these must be proved by their ability to fight fast and stand the steel ; colors were indiscriminately crossed, and wo would frequently find Black and Brown-reds, Brass- backs, Piles, etc., in the same yard, the produce of the same parents ; this, the modern fancier would say, was at least very careless breeding, and unworthy the science; we will admit that this blending of colors does not suit our present advanced ideas in poultry breeding, but the bird thus pro- duced was a Game cock, and he proved his claim by deeds of arms. Old Style Cxhr Cock. (From Bement.) Public opinion and the law has, in a great measure, done away with cock fighting, both in this country and in Eng- land, and the modern English game cock appears now in our show pens an iinkiioun and untried bird, to contest for prizes in the Game class with the old stylo coek who has proved his claim on manj' a bloody field, and the " bird of peace " is always the winner, because tbe standard of excellence has been created in his interest, and he is withal in his stylish got-up very taking to the eye; his old-fashioned competitor luis not the ghost of a chance to win, for he hsvs nothing but gamencas to recommend him against all this beauty and style, and no odds how the judges may feel in the matter they must per-force follow the standard of excellence. 34 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. But there are some dark hints about this fancy modern bird being no Game cock at all, but on the other hand a ranl^ runaway; that his peculiar shape, feathering, etc., could not have been brought about by a strict adherance to the old true Game stock, but that he is an alloy, a cross of some of the semi-game races, as the Malay, Sumatra, etc. ; that the name of Game cock, as applied to him, is a misnomer, and that he is sailing under false colors. An idea of this kind seems to have possessed some of those in authority at the late show of the Pennsylvania State Poul- try Society, as a club prize of twenty dollars in gold was offered by certain gentlemen for the best Game cook, claiming the privilege of naming the judges outside of the control of the society. In their examination they were unshackled by the standard of excellence, and the prize was awarded to a capital Black B. B. cock, misraarked in feather it is true, but apart from that one of the best Game cocks on exhibi- tion and of known fighting stock, but which, under the inexorable rule of the standard, had to be passed unnoticed by the society's judge on this class of fowls. The literal definition of the term Game cock is, a fowl that will stand the steel to the death. And we of course assume, that it is for such birds that prizes are offered in the Game classes at our poultry shows ; now, if the modern bird is dead Game and a fighter, he has a right to be there, and we shall all want to possess the stock ; but, if he is a " runaway " and a " dunghill," he should be excluded from this class as a humbug and a fraud. "Will some of the breeders of the modern cock tell us what they know of its origin, and whether its gameness has been thoroughly tried ? Game Cock. OTJR TRIP TO ALLENTOWN. Hating promised to assist in the judging at Allentown, we succeeded in having the Express train stopped as it passed our house, on the morning of the 5th of January. After being safely on board, we looked around, and were pleased to see that a hasty message dispatched the pre- vious day had its effect, for there sat our competitor of former exhibitions, Mr. John Glapp. We were soon seated by his side pleasantly talking over old times, when the Pennsylvania State Society made better exhibitions than it now does. But with the death of H. H. G. Sharpless, it received a severe blow. Then again, D. W. Herstine, who might properly be called the father of the present society, has been confined to his room for months ; several times given up as beyond the aid of medical skill, but the pros- pects now are that he will recover, and ere long be able to meet his brother fanciers again. This gentleman did not always manage wisely, but never- theless he was the life of the Society in its prosperity. The writer and his companion have also stepped aside, and left the management to other hands who have done well during the past exhibition, but they have not the enterprise to make it more than a good local show, but the Centennial will spur them along, and the State Society will soon regain its lost position. We have now arrived at Lansdale; we are joined by Mr. T. P. Har-vey, Secretary of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poul- try Society ; and the time passed very pleasantly until we reached Allentown. We soon found the Hall, and, making our way into the Secretary's ofiSce, we were surrounded by a dozen friends who were glad to meet us, and by the pleasant countenan- ces each one possessed, it was not difincult to see that they were fanciers. We soon found our way to the exhibition room, where we met a fresh lot of friends, among them Mr. Isaac Van Winkle, who was to be our associate in judging the Asiatics. His face brightened as we entered the room, and we were soon engaged in a pleasant chat with one of the most genial of friends, and one of the most caustic of writers when anyone dares to do him an injustice, or cross his path in anything but a legitimate manner. We expect to differ with him at times, but as it will be an honest differ- ence we shall be safe. We believe the Hall in which the exhibition was held was only 45 feet square, but it was well filled, and this put us in mind of a story. When a boy, we had a very ancient storekeeper for a neighbor. A lady one day bought a dozen of eggs from him, when she remarked, " Sammy, these eggs are very small." " Yes, Sally, I know they are small, but they are well filled." So with the Hall, it was well filled, and with good birds to. In fact the show was little, if any inferior to the one at Philadelphia, just closed. I am sorry the time was so limited, that it was impossible to make such notes as Fancier's usually like to know. But by the time we were through with the Light and Dark Brahmas, din- ner was announced, when a friend came up and remarked, "that if we had much work to do, that we had better not go to dinner with Van Winkle." We ventured to inquire why we should not, when he replied, "that it always took him one hour and forty-five minutes to eat dinner." However, as we could do nothing without him, we ventured to go with him, but we will assure our readers that, although he is a large man and took considerable filling, he was quick enough to accomplish the task in one hour, under the time stated, and we were soon on our way to the Hall, where we had a good deal of work before us. We were instructed to judge by the Standard of 1871, which disqualified the first coop of Light Brahmas (one of the best in the room) on account of white legs. The show of Light Brahmas was quite large, and many good birds were exhibited. The Dark Brahmas were a much easier class to judge, not being so large in number, and the difference in quality being more marked. Partridge Cochins were a large class, some 35 entries, many coops being of about equal merit, which made it more difficult to give a correct judgment, especially as the Hall became crowded about this time, and the light being none of the best. The White Cochins were an easy class, only 3 or 4 coops, but among them some good birds, the 1st pre- mium coop being remarkable for their purity of color. The Blacks were not very fine, only 8 or 4 coops, the best birds were small but very good in color. Buffs were an easy class, only 4 coops of fowls, all good birds. The chicks in this class were also very good, but few in number and soon judged, and this ended our labor in the regular classes, and we were not sorry, for the room was getting crowded and the light was improving backwards. Having no time to spare we hunted up Mr. Moore, Pres- ident of the Society, who had promised to show us an excellent collection of stuffed birds, and we must confess that we were very agreeably disappointed. The collection was much larger than we expected, and such workmanship we had never seen. Each species was represented by male and female, and sometimes with the young, but usually with the nest, and often having sections of limbs of trees on FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 35 wliich tlio nests were built, with the eggs and all complete, and the birds sot up in a lifo-liko manner. Wo nover saw swell spociincns of taxidermy. As Mr. Mooro promised to write on tlio subject, for tlio bonodt of our readers, wo will leave the birds, but we do so reluctantly, for we could have spent hours with them. When we returned to the ball wo were sot to work on the niiscniliinooiis classes, which occupied our time up to tbo hour of leaving, when we were pressed hard to remain all night. But no, our duty belonged to the Journal, and home wo must go. We started in company with Mr. T. L. McKeen and Mr. Oolis. The first-named gentleman accom- panied us the first six miles of our journey, when wo parted. Mr. McKeen, who has had "the fever" badly for over a year, and has seeurod a largo ipiantity of fine stock. Not content with importing fine fowls, he also recently tried the English plan of annual poultry sales with perfect suc- cess. His first year was very discouraging, and many would have given up in despair, but not so with him. Ho has persevered, and invested a large amount of capital, and his yards are now second to none in tbo State, as will be soon by a reference to the list of awards at AUentown. After leaving this gentleman, with a promise to visit his yards ere long, wo were left alone with our newly-made acquaintance (fanciers do not stand on ceremony). As wo had some eight or ten miles to travel together, Mr. Ochs gave us his experience, which is not unlike that of many others. Having some half-dozen different kinds of business on his hands, ho needed some recreation, and finally turned his attention to fowls, and ventured to buy some eggs from the fine stock of T. S. Cooper, Oooporsburg, Pa., and now he has some as fine Partridge Cochins as anyone. Taking a lively interest in the Society at Doylostown, he exhibited some of his birds, and took a prize, and also a special, which made him very proud of his stock, which, wo believe, took a premium again at AUentown. Mr. Ochs finds much relief from his complicated business with his fowls, and when ho is completely tired out, he walks out, feeds and talks to them, which is very soothing, and soon relieves a wearj' mind. But tbo train is making quick time, and Quakertown is announced, where we must part, but with a promise from Mr. Ochs to call and see us in a day or two. The night was very dark, and we were making extra good time. As we were now left alone with the conductor, who, by the way, is no "chicken miin," we spent the next hour very pleasantly talking of railroads, railroading, etc., and, also, in solving the problem of how wo could make the quickest possible time to Ithaca and return. About the time this was solved. Oak Lano was announced, and the train slacked for a moment, and in three minutes we woro at home, seated at the table, doing J»sCJcc to a warm supper, and thus ended our very plea.^ant trip to AUentown. PENNSYLVANIA STATE POULTRY SHOW. To the disinterested observer, who has attended tbo an- nual exhibitions of the above society, there seems to bo a steady decrease, both in quantity and quality of the stock shown, and unless a change for the better is made, Phila- delphia will have to yield precedence to both Doylestown and Pittsburg. Having spent a portion of two days at the last exhibition of the State Society, wo jotted down a few nqtes of what we saw, and hcrowith send thom to you for the benefit of the renders of the Journal. Upon entering the Hall wo were rclioved of our com- plimentary ticket by the urbane doorkeeper, who in re- sponse to our inquiry of how we wore to got in again with- out it, replied that ho did not know, as his orders were to take them all up, so ours went up with the rest, and wo WIMll up to tho Light Brahmas, of which fowls there were but a »mall class, there being but five entries. Pen 53, first prize, cock was a fine bodied bird, quite short and compact, had both wings slipped ; tho hen was large and of good color, but had evidently seen her best days. Had tho hens in pen 90, second prize, been in full feather, the deci-^ion would doubt- less have been reversed. Pen 51, third, tho cock had rather too much white in his tail. Pen 175, which received no prize, was said to contain "pedigree stock" all the way from Natic, Massachusetts. We did not learn their nanr.es or numbers, but if the cock's number is as high a.s his comb be has a high award and no mistake. If his owner has no name for him, wo suggest that of " high daddy." Light Brahma chicks were a better class than the fowls, there were fourteen entries. No. 312, first prize, the cock- erel had decidedly too much daylight under him, showing a tendency to knockknee, and rather long in tho back, with scarcely width enough in the chest, but a giant in size. No. 59, second prize, the cockerel was a fine, short, compact bird, and if he had had a bettor mate, wo think ho would have stood a better chance. No. 295, third, woro fat enough to kill. Dark Brahma Fowls were not a large class, some seven entries. No. 38, first prize, was a grand trio; cock mag- nificent in color, with a fine hackle and saddle; the hens were exquisitely penciled on breast, wing and back. No. 344, second prize, the cock was wry-tailed, and the hen nearly bare shank on this and the remainder of the Dark Brahma class. The judging to us seemed queer, to say tho least. No. 10, third prize, cock round or camel back. Dark Brahmas — chicks, ten entries. In No. 149, the cock- erel WHS a fine, well-marked bird, but the pullet was so dark as to appear cloudy, and each and every feather in her breast showed the white shaft plainly — giving her a sort of a streaky appearance. Her head was red and foxy, and the comments made upon this pen were not highly flatter- ing. One breeder said to the judge, that "he would not give a dollar for her." Another said that she was " fit for nothing but the pot," etc. No. 41, second prize, was a better pen, in our estimation. The pullets were of a beau- tiful stoel-gray, and well penciled all over. The cockerel was well marked, and a good size. No. 42, third prize, were fair and deserving of all they got. Buff Cochins— fowls, si.v entries. No. 112, first prize, a grand pair. The cock was especially good in size and color. Tho same may be said of tho hen. In No. ISO sec- ond, cock was good in color, but comb rather high. Tho ! hens wero a good size, but mealy. No. 131, third, cock, I had a good even color and fine comb. The hens were rather mealy. The judging in this class appeared to be en- tirely satisfactory. In Butl" chicks there were twenty entries, and a grand dis- play. The first cockerel in No. V2(> was fine in all poinU, and undoubtedly the best bird in tho class. The pullet was . rather light in color. Second, in No. 348. was quite good in color, but both tho cockerels' wings were slipped— as 36 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. was one of the pullets. Third in No. 328 were quite equj.1 to them. No. 326 contained the best pullet in the class. The principal exhibitor of Buffs was Mr. John Chandler, of Kennet Square, Pennsylvania, who showed some of the finest specimens we have seen of late. Partridge Cochins — fowls, not a large class, there being only six entries. No. 119, first, good in size and color. Hens well penciled. No. 117, second, of fair size and good color. No. 169 were a good size and well marked, but one hen had a falling comb, and the cock was minus several spikes from his comb, it evidently having been frost-bitten. In chicks there were fourteen entries. No. 121 , first, a grand cockerel both in size and color. Pullet, large and well marked. In No. 173 the cockerel was of fair size and good color, but pullets had pea-comb. Their owner should ex- change cards with Mr. Edwards, the Massachusetts pea- combed Partridge Cochin breeder. No. 7, third, cockerel good in size and color, but pullet cloudy/ Black Cochins — a small class. This variety seems to have but few admirers. No. 252 were fair specimens of this breed. In chicks there were two entries. No. 429, quite good in color, and of fair size. No. 48, but little bet- ter in my opinion. White Cochins — fowls, two entries. No. 251, first, re- markably good in color and size; the hen evidently show- ing signs of breaking down. In chicks. No. 266 cockerel was fine in color, and pullet the same, but had a bad comb. Gray Dorkings were a poor class ; only one entry. Blue, ditto. "White Leghorns, one solitary coop being all that was shown. We looked in vain for the magnificent specimens of Messrs. Harvey and Dr. Dickie ; we peeped through the slats of this one coop (for coop it was, being made of slats, with old, battered fruit cans for feed and drinking cups, upon which the cock had torn his wattles, and the blood oozing from the wound was rapidly turning his plumage to a bright crimson), and passed onward to the Brown Leg- horns. These were also a small class ; the first-prize hens were quite good, but the cock was rather light in color, and very red on ear-lobes. In second-prize pen the cock was good in color and ear-lobes, but hens rather dark. Black Leghorns, only one entry, not extra fine. Golden-Spangled Hamburgs were a small class, as were all varieties of Hamburgs. This variety of fowls evidently shows signs of deterioration, being much smaller than formerly, and many of the hens having falling combs, and we noticed several of the cooks in the diflTerent varieties that were both wry and squirrel tailed, and showing much red on the ear-lobes. Very few really choice speci- mens were shown, the prize birds as a rule were most wor- thy of mention. Polish were not large classes. Of Whites there were two pens of unbearded; W. C. Black, one pen, unbearded, with rather too much Black in crests ; Golden, one pen, un- bearded. Houdans — five entries. First-prize pen were good in size and color, with fine crests and beards, but bad combs ; sec- ond and third were fair birds. Pen No. 366 had the best comb in the class. Crevecoeurs — one entry. The cock badly plucked, the hen evidently being determined to eat him, feathers and all. Games were generally small classes. Of Black-Breasted Keds there were some good birds shown, the prize birds being undoubtedly the best. Brown Keds, one entry, the cock was wry tailed, and the hen nearer a ginger-red than a brown-red. Of Yellow Duckwings there were some magni- ficent birds shown. Silvers were not so good. Game Bantams were a fine show ; the first-prize pair of Black-Reds were beauties, and were greatly admired ; sec- ond and third were worthy of the prizes awarded them. Yellow Duckwings were not so good a class as the Black- Eeds, the same may be said of the Silvers. Of Eed Pile there was an excellent class, but the cock in the first-prize pen had a black feather in his tail ; second showed black in tail coverts. Of White Pile, one entry. This variety seems to us to be nothing but a deteriorated Eed Pile. Golden Sebright Bantams — two entries ; the first prize pen was very large; second much better in size and marking. Silver Sebrights — two entries ; first prize pen contained an extra fine pair of hens, but the cock was rather large and had a large comb; second prize was given the other pen, although the cock was nearly as large as a Hamburg, and perfectly white on the breast. Miscellaneous class contained Dominiques and Plymouth Eocks. Of Dominiques there were six entries ; first prize pen contained a good hen, but the cock had too much white in his tail ; second was quite equal to the first ; third, the cock was badly splashed with white. Plymouth Eocks, two entries ; they were good in size, and of fair color. It seems strange to me that both Dominiques and Plymouth Eocks should be put in this class ; why not have an American class for these and Leghorns ? The display of turkeys was not large, there being but one or two pens of Light Bronze, and no Whites, Blacks, or Buffs. There were one or two pens in the ornamental class. There was also a fine pen each of Golden and Silver Pheasants shown, by Mr. Jessie N. Eooke. Geese were a small class — one pen of Bremen, and some entries near the window, whose owner's name we did not learn. The display of ducks was meagre. Two or three pens of Eouen, two of Aylesbury, and one of Cayuga, comprised the class, and they were thrust under the bench along one of the most crowded aisles (i. e. in front of the Game Ban- tams, where the crowd mostly congregated), so that it was impossible to get a view of them without getting down on all-fours. We did not go down. The columbarium division was not very largely represen- ted, and, not being a pigeon fancier, we do not feel qualified to speak of the merits or demerits of the specimens it con- tained. The display of rabbits was small, and the judging simply ridiculous. In one pen there was a pair of common rab- bits. One had a white ring around its neck, and one side nearly all white. This was entered as a Dutch doe. Its mate was solid gray, and was entered as an English buck, and both were awarded a first premium. Another pen con- tained a pair of common White Pink-eyed rabbits. This pair was entered as Egyptian rabbits, and received a first premium as such. Another pen was said to contain a White Angora buck and Gray doe. The buck was not ex- tra good, and the doe's fur was not over an inch and a half in length, yet both received a first prize. And to this con- glomeration of (so called) Dutch, English, Egyptian, etc., rabbits was awarded a special premium of ten dollars, for the best collection of rabbits of not less than five varieties. The only pair of rabbits worthy of mention in this collec- tion, was a pair of Himalayans. We noticed that this same FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 37 party played this same little game last winter, and was also siiccossful in winning many first prizes, also the special ; and, as ho is a member of tlio Executive Committee, we presume that it is all O. K., and we shall doubtless see this superb collection of prize-winning rabbits at the " Centen- nial." Of Madagascar or Lop-eared rabbits there were but two pairs shown — one pair of Blacks, and one of Whites. They were not extra good. We heard several visitors renuirlc, " Why, Doylestown had a much better shi>w of rabbits than the State Society. How is it?" to wliich a bystander replied, " The rabbit fanciers know that they will get justice done them at Doylestown." Be this true or not, we know of one collection whose owner will not ex- hibit them in Philadelphia, while the owner of the afore- said collection is a member of the Executive Committee. W. E. Flowek. PiqEOfI Dej^/^f^tiviei^t. (For Fanciers' Journal.) PIGEONS AT THE.BALTIMORE SHOW. Raines' Marble Hall, in which the Maryland State Poul- try Show held its second annual exhibition, has superior advantages for a show of the kind, being well lighted and ventilated, and having the proper amount of heat for the comfort of the biped, as well as that of the feathered race. Before we begin our criticisms on the Pigeons, we wish to state that the Committee, and more particularly the Presi- dent and Secretary, deserve much credit for the manner in which they have worked to get up such a large and success- ful exhibition, as the show of Pigeons was pronounced to be the best yet held in this country ; all the classes except that of Carriers being well-filled, and the show of high-class birds, especially those of Pouters, Short-faced Tumblers, and Barbs, made a show of themselves. The Pigeons in the pens upon the Tripolett's Alloy side, although not the best in the show, had the best light, and the placing of one cage upon the top of the other, no matter how good a light upon them, cannot be seen to good advan- tage, and gives so much more work to the judges; but it was impossible to do otherwise with so large an entry. Each exhibitor was allowed to pen his own birds ; had it not been for this, the birds would not have been placed on the tables in time for the opening, which was announced to take place at 2 o'clock, but did not get into working order until the second day of the show ; that day being occupied in judging the poultry and part of the Pigeons. The prize cards were placed upon the cages at intervals ; those of the Swallow class were not placed until the afternoon of the third day. Wo thought there was rather too much work for the Committee, who were too few in numbers. To make room for the largo number of entries, the ave- nues were made entirely too narrow, and at times the visitors could not pass each other without difficulty. We have had the pleasure of visiting nearly all the great shows held in the Atlantic citfcs since 1852, and do not remember having seen such an interest taken in Pigeons before, espe- cially by old and young of both sexes. It was really amusing to hear the remarks of the ladies about some of the varieties ; the nodding and bowing of the Fantails, the Queen Rlizubeth ruffles of the Jacobins, the mustache of the Truni|)eter, Carriers with spectacles on, Turbits and Owls with frills on their bosoms, such as the fashionable gentry used to wear in the olden time. A large white Pouter had inflated his crop to its fullest extent, and a lady close by remarked, "Why they look just like my boy blowing up soap bubbles." On entering the spacious hall from the Baltimore Street side we were at once struck with the beautiful and artistir frescoing which adorns the walls and ceiling, which ap- peared as if a Raphael or some other old master had been around. We also noticed with pleasure the works of a few more modern artists, that of Dean Wolstenholm's fine plates of high-cla.ss Pigeons of English production, together with all that have been published lately of Ludlow's beautiful lithographic plates in Fulton's Pigeon Book, which we have no doubt were very pleasing to the eyes of many an old fancier. These engravings were placed upon cages contain- ing the respective varieties. The Pigeons were shown in pairs in uniform cages owned by the Society, with first, second, and third prizes. We would prefer to see the high-class varieties in another season shown in the single-class system. So many fanciers separate their birds in winter, and would prefer not to couple them. One little incident we must mention: a pigeon escaped from his cage whilst penning, and occasionally would take a fly across the hall, and the old "hen's warning to her chicks " was indulged in by all the fowls in the room, which seemed to delight visitors very much. Such a crow- ing of cocks reminded one of being in Coleman's boiler works, for the noise was pleasantly deafening to one's ears. Pouters, with twenty-two cages, were a fine show, and were continually surrounded with visitors. The first-prize Blacks were an excellent pair, good in nearly every point. The cock, a very stylish bird, good in color, length of limb, and feather, 19.J x 7J. Hen, not quite so good in color, showing a faint tracing of bars, beautifully marked bird and good feather, measuring 18J x 6}. They are a pair of Blacks hard to beat. Second-prize pair, good in color, fair marking, small in comparison to first-prize pair. Blues had four entries. The first-prize pair, although a grand pair, did not match. The cock was the best in mark- ing in the sliow, beautiful bib, moon, rose pinion, slightly foul in one thigh, beautiful shape and limb, and a showy Pouter. The most familiar bird in the cage we ever have seen, and likes being talked to. Immediately over his cage was placed Eton's large engraving of a Blue Pouter, and as far as marking goes he is not much behind. His hen was a very large bird, good crop and leg, rather thick in girth. Cock, 19}x6J; hen, lU x 6J. Second-prize Blues were a nicely-matched pair, a trifle smaller, well marked, and a very good second. A cock in third-prize cage was a nice bird, and shown with a hen eiiually as good in all points, except too heavy in legs. The cock In first prize Reds had the best crop of any bird in the show. He was very stylish, had good markings, was the right color, and had excellent legs. He was rather short in feather, being ISJ x T inches long. His hen 38 PAlJrCIBES' JOUENAL AND POTJLTET EXCHANGE. was not a match, being poor in color, wanting style, and very sulky in the cage. She was possessed, however, of very good limbs, and measured 18^x6^ inches. The second-prize pair were small in comparison. The cock was much the best bird, we thought — good limbs and fair color. We have seen much better hens in the owner's coop. In Yellow Pouters the first was the best, take them all over, we have ever seen. The cock was a grand bird in color, length of feather, crop, and legs. It is seldom we see such sound j'ellow in a Pouter, as this color is more lia- ble to deterioration than any other ; and this statement we think equally applies to the same color in all the varieties. "We thought him rather wide in pinions, and wanting shoulder marks. His hen looked like the bird that won the silver set at the KTational Columbarium Society's show, held in New York, last year. Take her all around she is the best Yellow Pouter to-day ever seen by the oldest in the fancy — grand color, limb, feather, crop, and marking — a triile bish- oped on one side, and perhaps a little straight in neck (crop behind). They were a lovely pair of Yellow Pouters, and we imagine it would be as easy to buy a pair of carriage horses, as to purchase this pair from their owner. Cock measures 19J x 7 inches, hen 18} x 6|- inches. The second-prize pair contained a cock good in feather and leg. The hen was very ordinary — at least she appeared so after having examined the others. The pair of young Reds, entered for exhibition, were pale in color, did not match, slender in girth, fair limbs ; and, being in close proximity to the large pair of Yellows, gave them the appearance of miniature Pouters. They were rather too j'oung for the show pen. They had a deal of life about them, however, and seemed to enjoy being placed in such good company. The twenty-dollar gold prize was won with a grand Black Pouter hen, good in all points save that of marking, and a bird that blows a good globe, and holds it when she gets it. Nearly all of the other special prizes went to Philadelphia, including the beautifully framed picture presented by Mr. Jeningham, the publisher. In concluding our remarks upon this class, we will say that the fanciers of Baltimore were quite surprised at this show of Pouters, and we think it has given an impetus to the fancy of this particular vari- ety. Baltimore in the fancy is what Birmingham is to En- gland, and we were glad to find so much spirit in them, considering the continued dullness in trade. In Carriers the first prize Blacks was a very showy pair, good in wattle, and rather short in beak. The cock looked as if he had a small piece taken out from each side of nose wattle to give greater length of beak. They were an easy win. The second prize pair contained a large cock, raven black, good in eye, very long beak, narrow head, thin neck, and a well upstanding bird — apparently a young bird, and had Carriers been shown singly it would have won. His hen was good in eye wattle, large and strong looking, and rather down-beaked. We did not like her leg. She looked as if she had just undergone an operation of surgery, which lost their being placed first. The first prize in Duns were a fine pair of birds. Good color. The cock had beautiful eye and beak wattle, but was rather thick in neck. His hen was good in style, rather small, and not a match for the cock. The second-prize pair, as was all the other Carriers, were only fair birds. There was prizes given to each color called Carriers,' consisting of Reds, Yellows, and Whites. They were not up in points to the Blacks and Duns, and in our opinion never will be. Short-faced Tumblers contained an entry of eighteen pairs. Nearly every bird in the class was good. The first- prize Almonds contained a hen with a remarkable good stop. The hackle of both cock and hen was very pleasing to the eye of a stranger, being placed with a bright light upon them. We did not think them of sufiicient merit to be placed in the prize list at all. The second-prize pair were both good birds — evenly spangled. The hen's under beak was a little upturned, otherwise a little gem. Third prize were good in ground color, well broken in feather, and grand carriage. They were not much in head and beak. HEAD OF ALMOND COCK, OWNED BY T. S. GADDES, BALTIMORE. The pair in the cage adjoining the first prize were as near perfection as Almonds can be seen. The cock (see cut above) was grand in head, beak, eye, and carriage, and not too dark in feather. The hen was good all over ; deficient in no one point. Her portrait can be seen in Pulton's New Pigeon Book, shown as the young in the three Almond hens. She is a model for spangling and ground color. The pair, taken together, will not easily be beaten, if rightly judged. A pair of young birds (1874) had a beautiful bright almond ground, and will speak for themselves another season. A pair, still younger, had the right ground, and were well broken, but poor in head and beak. In Yellow Agates there were two grand pairs. First prize won by being better matched. The second-prize hen was a perfect little Yellow Mottle, good all through. The cock will be heard from again in a show for single birds. A beautiful pair of Black Mottles had a special prize given them. They were perfection in mottling of shoulders and back, and grand in head, beak, eye, and carriage. Both the cock and hen had a slight blaze of white on the face, and the hen a sprinkling of the same about neck and ears. The exhibitor of this beautiful pair of Black Mottles stated that he has much to learn about Short-faces since be has seen the prize cards placed. Two beautiful pairs of Short- faced Red (self-colored) Tumblers won first and second. The performances of the cock in the second prize has before been spoken of in the Fanciers' Journal. The judges PANCIBKS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 39 thought him too doop a red, and the pair did not match qiiito as good as the flrst-prizo pair, which wore a very neat and showy pair, yet the hen loolted as if she was minus a few feathers just wliere the secondary feathers of the wing I'likl, and lliecock a long turned-down beak, narrow in head, but a stylish bird withal, and rather slaty in tail. The Judging of these two pairs of Keds caused a great many curious remarks — and the same remarks apjjlied to the judging of some other pairs, which we will criticise when we reach the respective classes. Three ])airs of Kites won prizes. The hen in the second- ]]rize pair wo thought the best in the lot. Every bird shown was worthy of a flr.st prize at any show, except the hen in tlie third prize, which was rather too blue in rump and tail. A lovely pair of Splashes won first. Tliey wore nicely matched, very even in head points ; and, if they were not so well known, would have been taken for two cocks. The second prize pair showed too much almond spangling in neck to be classed as splashed. They were good light- grounded Almonds. The Kod Agates were rightly placed, and did not require much judging, as the best matches were sure to win — head, beak, eye, and carriage being entirely ignored in the judging of the entire class of Short-faces. Barbs seemed to puzzle the judges, as each fancier was known to have the best according to their own way of thinking. The lirst prize pair of Blacks, properly judged according to the regular rules, would have never had a place. They were evidently worn out, and entirely out of condition, especially that of the hen ; very ragged in flights, both cock and hen. Otherwise they are a very fine pair of Barbs, the cock the best of the two, broad in skull, thick barb beak, and beautiful in eye. The second-prize pair wore not much behind them in any one point, perhaps a little pale in eye, but shown in faultless condition, not a feather soiled. There were good Whites shown, and prizes rightly awarded ; they were also in bad trim. The Yellows were really all good birds, and will hold their own at any show. We liked best a pair of Yellows that were left out of the prize-list, the cock especially. The first Keds had very even eyes, and were well- matched. If some of the other cages had hens a little better in eye, it might have altered the opinion of the judges. We think the Barb fanciers are not much behind with this variety. Swallows contained no less than seventeen pairs, consist- ing of Yellows, Reds, Blacks, and Blues, and said to be the best collection ever shown in America. The judging did not give general satisfaction. The first-prize pair of Yellows were largo strong birds, of a good sound color ; very heavy feather-legged, and as foul-marked in this latter point ixs we ever saw. Wo thought they should have had no prize at all, as nearly all fanciers remarked who saw them. The exhibitor of the second-prize pair refused to let the prize-card be placed on his cage, as they were as per- fect a pair of Yellow Swallows, as can bo bred, and have won many prizes. The long-handled shovel mark, or, as some call it, the heart shape, could not have been painted more perfect ; whereas the other pair was at least an inch broad where the wings join. The hocks were yellow, in- stead of white, which is considered by Swallow fanciers a great blemish. The Reds and Blacks were better judged ; in Blues, first prize went to a good pair with black bars. Two other pairs, without bars, and models of Swallows, could not lake first place, though we thought deserving of same. The Trumpeter class was a large one, with twenty-four pairs. Seven pairs of Mottles competed. First and second were fine birds, good in rose-crest and feet, good dark mot- tles ; th(!y should have changed places. The third-|)rize pair were too gay in feather to be called Mottles. The cock in cage 28 (the best pair in the show) had a deformity in one foot, otherwise they would have easily taken first plaoi'. There were some very fair Kcd8,Yellow8, and Blues, a« well as a good pair of Duns. The cock in first pair of Whites was a magnificent specimen ; his hen was rather too small. The two pairs of Blacks were very plain. The rose on a Black hen entered for exhibition was so large as to obstruct her vision. Three pairs of Blue Owls were the best we have seen, and tho owner won first, second, and third ; they were rightly judged, we thought, but their owner thought differently. . Tho Turbits were a large class. There was some very fine pairs in all colors of Shouldered Turbits. We were sorry to see the Shells win over points. The latter we think are much the handsomest ; but on this point many differ. We think tho judges prefer the Shells. We preferred a pair of Blues, with points, to any in the class. A very fine pair of Whites were not noticed. Many of the self-colored Turbits were very large and coarse-looking. The cock in No. 50 was a good Black, and a small bird, which we like to see in this variety. A pair of the old-fashioned kind were shown. Their tails were of the same color as their shoulders — one a Black, the other a Brown. Five pairs of White Turbits with colored tails were shown. Black and Blue principally. We did not think them of much merit, although we were informed they look best when flying. Priests — Red, Yellow, Black, Blue, Starling, and Span- gled were shown, and most all tine and clean-marked birds. Tho first-prize pair of Yellows were perfect in marking, good sound color, and well feather-footed. The same can be said of Reds, which were first and second. Fantails — thirteen pairs. The first were large, coarse point head, but very stylish, and had good tails. Second prize should have been placed first; they were good, plain heads, small, stylo and motion very good. A White hen in No. 20 had plenty of motion and style, and we thought the best in the class. Some fair Blues, Blacks, and Duns won prizes. Nuns were few in number. The Yellow hen in the first- prize pair was a splendid specimen. Jacobins — twelve pairs, all colors ; not a real Short-faced pair in the whole collection. Most of them, however, were good in hood and chain. The first pair of Whites were well judged. There were ten pairs of Magpies in all colors, and were judged fairly, and gave satisfaction. The same can be said of tho Starlings. A very neat pair of Yellow Beards, and a very poor pair of Slaty-Black Balds won prizes. There were many other varieties shown, such as Snells, Helmets, Dragoons, IHitchies, the owners of which, with numbers, not quality, won the Society prize of $20. for the best collectioA 'of no'16.'^ than sir>r.Hotjes. • • ' " ' ^i■|si b'f prizes will appear in our neit.1 40 FAJSrcIBES' JOtJENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i €^ ANCIERS' 1|0UENAL AND 33 OULTSY ^pXCHANSE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. A. N. Eaitb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Nortk Wintli Street, PhiladelpWa, STTBSCRIPTIOIf— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, 2 50 Per Annum to Sngland 3 54 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. IMPORTED BTJFP COCHINS. Some time ago Mr. A. H. "West, of Detroit, ordered from Mr. Henry Tomlinson, of Birmingham, England, two Buff Cochin cockerels, -which were directed to be sent in our care_ On Wednesday, the 13th, they arrived alive and healthy, but in a terribly used-up condition ; being in no condition to give a correct opinion, although they are large, good in color, and well booted, and no doubt will be heard from at some of the coming exhibitions. "We notice in many of the Buffs imported recently, a tendency to dark underfeathering in the hackle. A consultation was held, and it was decided that as one of them might not live to reach Detroit, we had better doctor them a few days. The majority prescribed bread and ale, which was immediately prepared, and some crammed down their throats, when we left them for the night. Next morning, with some anxiety, we hurried up to the office, not knowing whether we were going to a funeral or not. But, we were pleased to find our patients much better, and apparently anxiously waiting for more ale. Being in a hurry, we set out the bowl with the balance of the bread and ale. In a short time we went to look after them, and there they stood, shoulder to shoulder, evidently drunk — first one, then the other putting their heads in the bowl trying to drink the ale, long since gone, and I really believe they were too drunk to know it. They put us in mind of a couple of old time English fanciers in a Birm- ingham " Bird Cage " (which we believe is half ale house and half bird store), sipping away at their mug of ale, and telling old time yarns. However, we were pleased to see that the bread and ale had a good effect, for the birds soon began to raise their wings, and on the second day both crowed lustily, and are now in a condition to continue their journey with safety. CoF^F^ESpOfJDEflCE. Mb. J. M. "Wadb. Dear Sir : I have a few Buff Cochins which have been fed pretty well for two months, and are laying. Now, for the last two or three weeks they have acted dumpish, and do not eat. About one week ago I found one of them lying on its back, and, on lifting it, it trembled, and some white milky substance ran from its mouth, and I thought that it was dead, but in a few minutes it revived a little and I cut its head off. Will you please tell me, through the Journal, the name of the disease and the remedy. • '' " ' '" :": ^'Ybu^s trulyt " ' ■ '•■'"■''■''■.:... ;!'. ;;B.-Ei'!Ea,j:s<>u-. East HAMBBKG^EaiE"Ce.j-N,yo, January A 1875. Editor Panciers' Journal : It has been suggested by some of the members of the Ex- ecutive Committee of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Association, and also by some of the members of the " Le- high Poultry Association," that it would be to the interest of both to unite and form one body. This, I think, under the present circumstances, is a very good idea. The exhibition, held in Doylestown, was all that could be desired, as far as the display of stock was concerned, but the people did not patronize it as they ought to have done. Allentown had a small display compared with that at the Doylestown Show, and yet the people turned out well. Now, I am of the opinion, that if the Associations above named unite under the name of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Association, we may, in time, hold an exhibition that will out-do the Buffalo Show. There is no reason now, from what I have heard, that we should not stand head and shoulders above the Hartford Show. It is hightime that we should prove to the breeders of the New England States that there is a state in the Union called Pennsylvania, and that we have a live weekly journal devoted to our interest. But, to accomplish this end, our associations must unite, then we will become all powerful, otherwise our strength will be so divided that we will accomplish nothing. There will be a regular meeting of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Asso- ciation, held in Doylestown, Pa., on the third Tuesday of February, 1875, and I think it would be advisable for the officers and members of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Association, and Lehigh "V" alley Poultry Association to meet together, at that time, and resolve to form themselves into one Association, to work unitedly for the poultry interest of the eastern part of the state. As Chairman of the Execu- tive Committee of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Asso- ciation, I would extend to friend Wade, editor of the Jour- nal, a cordial invitation to be present with us on that day, and give us his views on the question. Doylestown, Pa. W. T. Kogers. [As it will be impossible for us to accept the invitation so kindly offered, we publish the above, with our reply, for the benefit of the fanciers of Eastern Pennsylvania. When the above proposition was made at Allentown, it seemed a good one; but, on giving the subject more thought, we are satisfied that the two societies had better not consolidate, for we do not see how that would remedy the evil. The fact of the two societies joining hands and holding an exhibition at Doylestown, will not bring out the visitors any more than if they continued as they are. A better way would be for the Doylestown fanciers to reduce their expenses, and make a show more in keeping with the place in which the show is held. If by combining the two towns, the population of them could be brought together, it would be a good thing ; but people who will not pay a quarter to see such a show as the Doylestown people get up, Will certainly not add the expense of a trip to Allentown. Local exhibitions of all kinds do the most good. The more local shows, the stronger the fancy will become ; therefore we are against consolida- tion, and would in preference strongly recommend the Eas- ton fanciers to carry out their proposition, made at Allen- town, and form a new society. We would ba pleased to see any part of our state rival Buffalo or Boston, but we fear the day is far off, unless Pittsburg takes that honorable posi- tion.—Ed.] characteristic. Friend Wade : Shake hands. I am glad to see the Journal come out in a new coat, and to think it is to be a weekly again. Inclosed find $12.50; add five more copies to my list, and tell Mr. Peckham to send along the Fantails. Best wishes to yourself and Journal. Your friend, Edward T. M. Simmons. JANUAKY 11, 1875. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCIIANGE. 41 TO THE FANCIERS AND BREEDERS OF THE UNITED STATES AND ELSEWHERE. On the lOlh of April, 1870, there will be opened at the city of I'liiliidclpliiii, iin Internutional Exhibition for the display of the progress of civilization in all the arts, useful and ornamental, that minister to the comfort and welfare of mankind. The products of the Hold, the forest, the stream, the mine, the shop, the loom, the studio ; of education, of com- merce, of government, of the healing art, of war and of peace will bo grouped together in proper order for compar- ison and study. This Centennial Anniversary of the Nation's birth will bo a grand exhibit of the world's advance in material and intellectual progress. Here, side by side, will be contrasted the handicraft and intelligence of all peoples, the semi-bar- barie and nido will be placed, so to speak, in juxtaposition with the best in culture and refinement known on the planet ; hero state will vie with state, and nation with nation, in showing the advances made in all the departments of human effort, every manipulative art for the subjection of material natiu'c to the wants and uses of the race will bere find a place in company with tliose intellectual arts which min- ister to the rational and speculative part of man's nature. In this grand presentation of the progress of the World's industries and growth, it has been thought well to include the progress and promise of our interests. At an initial meeting of delegates from various Poultry and Columbarium Societies, held in Philadelphia on the 31st of December, it was decided to take the necessary steps to secure the proper presentation of the subject to the breeders and fanciers of the World. The Centennial Commissioners, appointed by the National authorities, have expressed a willingness to co- operate with and assist in taking part in the Exposition To this end they seek to know what amount of space we shall need, and the style and character of the buildings we shall require, that the Commis.nioners may obtain the infor- mation they desire, the fraternity should lose no time in considering the subject, and, at as early a date as possible, to give expression to their views through the Committee appointed by the Philadelphia meeting. . The Exposition will continue for six months from the time of opening, April 10th, 187G. This Committee beg leave to present a few points for the consideration of all interested in the matter. 1. Will the breeders and fanciers of the country unite in an ofl'ort to make a great International Poultry Show? Here is the oiiportunity to make the grandest poultry and columbarium display ever presented. A like opportunity will not in all probability be afforded for many years. 2. How are funds to be raised to meet the necessary ex- penses. Many of us know tho difficulty and worriment attending a local or State exhibition. If these difficulties bo multiplied a hundred fold, some idea may be obtained of what it will bo to carry a world's poultry sliow to a suc- cessful issue. If the thing is attempted it will cost a largo sum of money. The expenses will amount to many thous- ands of dollars. Where are they to come from; and how- are they to be collected? The undertaking will be one of such importance and magnitude as to require the fullest and heartiest co-operation of every fancier in the country, from Maine to California. In this way alone can it be made a success. If every one will contribute accoi-ding to his means, a sum amply sufficient can bo raised. '■', A I what timo, and for bow long should tbU show be opened? 4. What should be tho size of a show pen ? f>. How many pens will be required? 0. How many birds should be i)Ut in a pen ? 7. What rent should be paid for a pen ? 8. Poultry journals in the United States and elsewhere, are earnestly solicited to take an interest in this CcntcnniHl matter, and give it prominence in their columns. They will directly advance tlicir own intcrcstf by so doing. The benefits they will first and last derive from so important an enterprise will be worth looking after. The foregoing points are respectfully submitted to all who arc interested, either directly or indirectly, for their consideration. But fifteen months will elapse until tho time for opening tho Exposition will be upon us. Will we be fully prepared in that time? We have no timo to lo.se now in getting ready. All fanciers and breeders are invited to communicate their views on the subject to tho undersigned Committee, or to the poultry journals, that a full and free interchange of sentiments may be secured. Dr. a. M. Dickie, Doylesiown, Pa. E. J. More, Allentown, Pa. Jesse N. Eooke, HestonvilU, West Philadti., Pa. S. B. HEiaK.s, York, Pa. J. E. DiEnL, 717 Waljjut St., Philadelphia, Pa. In pursuance of the authority vested in the committee appointed at the convention of delegates from various Poul- try and Columbarium Societies, held in Philadelphia, Decem- ber 31st, 1874, to call a meeting of fanciers and breeders at Buffalo, on the 11th of February, 1875, that committee do hereby invite the fanciers and breeders of the United States and Canada to meet at the city of Buffalo, on the above-men- tioned day, to discuss the subject of taking part in the Cen- tennial Exposition, and fixing a time for and appointing delegates to a National Convention, to be held in Philadel- phia, to effect an organization for the management of our part of the Exposition. Every man interested in the subject is cordially invited to attend and take part in the dicussion, that a full and free expression may be reached. A. M. Dickie, Chairmnn of the Commiltec. OyKICERS OF THE NEW YORK FLYISU ANTWERP CLUB, FOR 1875. President — Jno. Van Opstal, New York. Vice-Presidents— J Oi. M. Wade, Philadelphia; P. C. Biegel, New York. Sec7-etari/ and Treasurer — H. A. Brown, Box 180, New York. Assistant Secretary — Jas. B. Lathrop, Now York. Se^ Among the animals which recently arrived in Balti- more for the Zoological Garden in Philadelphia, was a female yak. A pair of tho animals had been shipped, but tho male had died on the passage, and the female appeared to be in a very sickly condition. It was properly cared for, however, and on the 10th instant gave birth to a fine male calf. Tho calf is doing well, and is likely to live, but the mother is reported to be very weak, and unable to take any nourishment except from a bottle. 42 EANCIBES' JOURJSTAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. S|W^LL PeJ DEpy^F^JIVIEfJj AND YOUNG FOLK'S CORNER. ^S^ All couiiuunicatioas and contributions intended for this depart- ment should he addressed to HOWARD I. IRELAND, ConcordviUe, Delaware Co., Pa. A c XX ™i'' (For Fanciers' Journal.) TRAPS AND TRAPPING. No. 2. BOX TRAPS. The common tox trap is the simplest and most effective home-made trap. "We are all familiar with its construction. A cigar box set with a FIG 1. ° figure four, and baited ^^-\\ with a bit of toasted beese, forms our pri- itive idea of tran- ■ping. Most boys know how to make the " iig- ure four," but for the convenience of the uninitiated, I will give The " Figure Four." the manner of its con- struction. The "Figure Four." — An outline sketch of the different parts is given in Fig. 1. The wood used to make them may be of any kind ; but as the traps are generally set near, or in, a wood, the branches and stocks of saplings are generally the handiest sort. The standing piece (Pig. 1, A) can be made of a piece of sapling, one end of which is square ; the other whittled to an edge. It should be a little shorter than the bait stick. The bait stick is the longest part. Take a straight branch of a sapling, and whittle one end to a point, on which to stick the bait. On the upper face, near the opposite end, cut a notch square and deep. In Southern Jersey the people make the bait stick of sassafras, saying that the scent of the freshly cut sassafras attracts animals to the trap. This is particularly the case with rabbits. The third part, called the diagonal, is a small piece of sapling one end of which is whittled to an edge, and about half an inch from the other end a notch is cut, square and deep. The three pieces should now be arranged in the shape of a 4. The standing or upright placed firmly on the ground, the bait stick at right angles with the stander, and the notch of the diagonal resting on the edge of the stander, and its edge in the notch of the bait stick. Now, with a knife, mark where the stander crosses the bait stick, and at that place cut a notch, long and deep. Tour "figure four" is now finished. Ar- range the parts as before, resting a plank on the square end of the diagonal, and you have a "dead-fall." Touch the bait stick lightly with a pole and the trap is sprung. The "figure four " is sometimes made with a double notch in the stander, instead of a single one in the bait stick, though I think the former method preferable. The Figure Four Box Trap. — This is the most common and, some think, the best form of the box trap. It is made in the shape of a long box, with a hinged top and door, and its construction can be better seen in the engraving than de- scribed. The longer it is made the better, and if manufac- tured of old slabs or boards animals will be more likely to enter it than if made of new material. If the end, instead of consisting of one solid piece, has strips of old hoop-iron nailed across, the trap will bo yet more attractive. Light being visible at both ends will lead animals into the belief that both ends are open. The exposed edges of the boards should have strips of tin nailed on them, so no sharp-toothed The Figure Four Box Trap. creature can gnaw out. The trap is set with the figure four. The stander should be of the height of the sides. A stone is sometimes placed on the lid to prevent the captured ani- mal from raising it. The Lever Box Trap. — This is constructed similar to the other, except that the top is made stationary, the door only being movable and working in grooves. A string connects the movable door with the lever. The lever rests on a kind of stand erected on the top, and an auger hole is bored through the top, about five inches from the end. Through The Levee Box Trap. this hole passes the trigger, or bait stick. A notch cut in the latter catches and holds the door raised ; the lever, of course, being joined to the bait stick by a piece of string. The slightest nibble on the part of an animal will release the trigger, and the door descends, making the animal a pris- oner. This is a good trap, and is used principally for catch- ing rabbits. The construction of the bait stick is shown at A. The Skunk Box Trap is used principally for catching FIG 4 . The Skunk Box Trap. skunks. It is a box merely with a movable door, so arranged that it can be raised from the outside only. To set it, the FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCHANGE. 43 door is propped up with a stick. The bait is pushed into tlio back part of the trap. The slightest pusli against the ]]r(ip will lot the door down. The. Diviny Boj: Trap consists of a long box witli wire iloors, arranged at each end similar to the movable door in the skunk trap. It is set generally without bait under water fur muskrals, but makes a good trap for most any small animal. The bait is placed in the middle of the trap and the animal to roach the bait will have to raise the wire door. This is done very easily from the outside, but, of course, when inside it is impossible for it to get out again. CO QUAILS. Mr. Editor: No wild bird has a greater antiquity, if the bird we call quail (Ortyx Virginianus, Bonap.) is synonymous with the bird of the Bible called by that name. Of this genus there are several species. The European quail, {Cottu-nix Commu- nis,) ditt'ers somewhat from our common quail in markings, but in other respects is very similar ; so, also, is the Moun- tain quail, and the California quail, and the Texanus, or quail of the Rio Grande. Of all game birds, the quail is unsur- passed in excellence, as food. A boiled quail is tempting to the palate oven of a sick person, and often recommended by physicians in the country for their patients. Those per- sons, too, who know something of quail pie, will bear me witness of the keen relish which that dish inspires at dinner. But this article is not intended as a text on cuisine. The common quail with which we are most familiar is a handsome little aninuil of about twelve ounces. The qnail is a monogamist, or Anli-BrujIiamUc. The male, or " bob- white," is distinguished from his spouse by having a cream- colored throat, that of the hen being brown. When the cock quail calls bob-white, it is the time of malting, and is his call note to his mate during the whole season. The nest of the hen is a simple structure made under a slight screen on the ground, in a grass or grain Held, and is soon filled with nice white eggs half the size of a chicken's egg. Time of sitting about H days. The young aio active li'ttle creatures, and and can run as soon as the shell is ofl", and squat to the ground when alarmed, whilst the mother quail Uutters and feigns lameness, broken wing, and all sorts of grotesque appearances, always leading in an opposite direction. The quail is a seed and grain eating bird, and belongs to the scratchor family. The question of partial domestication has been settled by experiment, but to breed them in a domestic state, is still questionable. I once expected to make the cUbrt, but was prevented by " military necessity." It would be a beauti- ful accession to the poultry yard, if perfectly gentled. A, bantam hen might do to sit on the eggs of the quail, but I should prefer to try the experiment with a pair of quaiU that were gentled through the winter, and in the spring to place them in an enclosed grass plot, where Ihoy could not get out, having in it plenty of room, with water, sand, and covert shelter. I believe in a succession of about three generations wo wmild have a bird in all respects'as domestic as our other fowls. V. \V. F. DUFKir.!,!!, WasT Va. We like to see-br'ujht fowls, whether they are Bantams or not. Bgy" Our Zoological Garden received a short time ago a new invoice of animals and birds, which are enumerated and ticketed as follows :— One yak, $200 ; four porcupines, $G0; two leopards, S-25; twenty-seven monkeys, $148.50; live squirrels, $7. .00; nine cats, $45; two bears, $50 ; two wild pigs, $.50 ; two Sumbur deers, S.OO ; two axis, $50 ; two cassowaries, $860 ; one peacock, $25 ; two Nicobar pigeons, $150; one crown pigeon, $00; ten parroquets, $10; twenty- five pigeons, $125 ; 451) Java sparrows, $75 ; 150 goldfinches, $75; three owls, $7.50; one eagle, $2.50; and one falcon, $2. .50. About ono-flfth of the entire collection died on the voyage. B®" The wild goose, when his wings are free, is one of the most cautious of birds. He has sharp eyes in his head, and to get near him with a gun, man has to resort to strat- egy, no can come as near seeing through a millstone as anything that flies. And yet the wild goose loses his timid character under the gentle process of domestication. Sever the first joint of one of the wings and you incapacitate him for Hying. Keep him in a pen awhile and he will learn to feed outof your band, coming even at your call. In a month or so set him at liberty, and he will make his home in the barnyarn with other fowls. In taming the wild goose, man asserts his dominion over all the birds of the air. However, it often puzzles him greatly to find out the best method of rubbing a little salt on some of their tails. — Ttirf, Field and Farm. 8^" A benevolent fruit raiser in AVorcester, England, was recently much annoyed by little boys, who stole his peaches, after the manner of such small adventurers. Ho one day saw a minute marauder go up into one of his trees, lie was ready for the emergency, for ho had provided a large stufted dog, which he placed at the foot of the tree, and then retired a little to watch the effect of his strategy. The little boy, having filled his stomach and his pockets with fruit, was about to descend, when his atVrighted eyes rested upon the animal. First ho tried blandishment, viz., whistl- ing, coaxing. Then he tried the sterner dodge, viz., threat- ening, scolding. All was thrown aw.iy upon the stuffed dog, standing sternly there and never moving his stiff tail an inch to the right or the left. The little boy had never scon a dog like that, and after a while he understood that the peach tree must be his dormitory for the night. The hours dragged wearily on. The stutVed dog looked bigger and bigger in the dark. There was a plenty of peaches, but where was the little boy to find appetite? In the morning the owner appeared and asked the little boy how he hap- pened to be in the tree. Alas ! not in the least regenerated bv his suflerings, he answered that he had been chased by the dog and had ascended for safety. 44 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. STANDARD FOR SPANGLED LEGHORNS. FANCIERS' JOURNAL & POULTRY EXCHANGE Bkbd by Eev. S. W. "Whitney, of Flushing, Long Is- land; D. li. Conkling, Middletown, N. T. ; Frederick W. Babcock, New Haven, Conn., and others. THE COCK. Comb. — Bright red ; large, erect, single, and straight ; free from twists or falling over to either side ; deeply serrated ; extending well over the head, and free from side spurs. Legs. — Yellow, or yellow marked with a darker shade. Breast. — A perfect and even spangle of black and white, as in Ham burgs. Wings. — Flight feathers white (others spangled), and car- ried up well. Tail. — Large, full sickle feathers; white tipped with black ; carried very erect, but not squirrel fashion. Face. — Bright red, free from wrinkles or folds. Earloles. — Pure opaque white ; large, rather pendant, thin, smooth, and free from wrinkles or stains. Carriage. — Bright and upright, as in White and Black Leghorns. Plumage. — All over an even spangle. Comb. — Large, and falling over to one side — in some cases covering the eye. Plumage. — AH other points like the cock. Weight. — Average, seven pounds for cocks, and five pounds for hens. POINTS IN SPANGLED LEGHORNS. Size, 15 Comb, 20 Face and Ear-lobe, 20 Color of plumage, 20 Symmetry, 15 Condition, 10 100 DISQUALIFICATIONS. Comb falling over in the cock; upright in the hen. Ked deaf ear ; red or brown feathers in any part of plumage. Cy^j^LoqdES, ^c, F\ecei\/ed. Geo. E. McGill, Leavenworth, Kansas — Card. Importer and breeder of twenty-one leading varieties of Land and Water Fowls and Madagascar Rabbits. Wm. D. Zell, Lancaster. Pa. — Card. Poultry and Pet Stock. Chas. S. Herman, Milwaukee, Wis. — Card. Breeder of Lop Eared Babbits. A. W. Mudqet, Warren, Maine — Card. Seven varieties of Game fowls. M. W. Miner, Wyoming, Ills. — Card. Dark Brahma, Buff and Partridge Cochins, Black Spanish and Games ; also, Fancy Pigeons, and White English Eabbits. Ferguson and Howard, East Saginaw, Mich. — Card. Thorough-bred Poultry and Pigeons. J. E. Harriman & Co., Bangor, Maine — Card. Light and Dark Brahmas, Buff and White Cochins, May Flowers, Houdans, Plymouth Eock, Sebright, Black and Grey Games. Binding for Journal of 1874 is now ready (see advertise- tnent elsewhere). Fanciers wishing their Journal bound in good shape, will do well to mail to this office. Postage, one cent for every two ounces. The name of subscriber will be stamped on the cover, free, when requested. Jos. M. Wade, Editor and Proprietor, 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. Prof. A. N. Eaitb, Associate Editor. Howard I. Ireland, Editor Small Pet Department and Young Folk's Corner. Henry Erdman, Artist and Engraver. Prospectus for 1875. Under the new postal arrangements, the publisher will prepay American postage, and we shall continue the same subscription price : Per annum, postage prepaid $2.50 Six montbs " " 1.25 Four months, " " 1.00 RATES OF ADVERTISING : Single insertion, 20 cents per line of 12 words. The Fanciers' Journal is the only weekly, and is now presumed to be decidedly the best. Poultry and Small Pet paper published in this country. Its articles are copied more extensively in England than from all the other papers of its class, in this country, combined, which proves conclusively that we have a better class of contributors. It is with pleasure that we point to the following list of names, whose talents will continue to enrich our columns: Jambs S. Bailt, M.D., Albany, N. Y. Wilbur P. Morgan, M.D., .... Baltimore, Md. H. Woodward, Worcester, Mass. Treasurer of Mechanics' Saving Bank. "Peter Simple," New Tork. W. W. Hill, Albany, N. T. Wm. E. Flotvbr, Shoemakertown, Pa. A. M. Halsted, Eye, N. T. Fred. Mather, HoneoyeFalls, N. Y. Fish Culturist. E. W. Goodwin, M.D., Moro, 111. A. M. Dickie, M.D., Doylestown, Pa. G. O. Brown, Brooklandville, Md. Isaac Van Winkle, Greenville, N. J. Geo. p. Burnham, Melrose, Mass. Key. F. E. Wotring, Mansfield, Pa. Ebt. Wm. Atwood, Big Platts, N. Y. BOOKS FOR THE FANCIERS. Practical Poultry Keeper (L. Wright) $2 00 The Brahma Fowl " 2 50 The Poultry Book (Tegetmeir) 9 00 The Pigeon Book " 5 00 Brent's Pigeon Book 75 Poultry Breeding (Geyelin) 1 25 The Poulterers' Companion (Bement) 2 00 Domestic Poultry (Saunders) Paper, 40c., Cloth, 75 American Bird Fancier 30 Rabbit Fancier (Bement) 30 Babbit Book for the Many 30 Variation ofAniuia]^ and Plants under Domestication (Divrwin), 2 vis. 6 00 Illustrated Book of Poultry (by L. Wright), in 25 monthly parts, each 50 " " Pigeons " " 25 " " " 60 American Standard of Excellence 1 00 Wright's Illustrated Poultry Book, bound 15 00 The Dog. (Dinks, Mayhew, and Hutchinson) 3 00 Richardson on the Dog Paper, 30c., Cloth, 60 Canary Birds Paper, 50c., Cloth, 75 Cooper's Game Fowl 6 00 Taxidermist's Manual 1 00 Any book on any adyertised list will he sent prepaid by mail on receipt of price. Address JOS. M. WADE, 39 N. 9th St., Philadelphia, Pa- THE JOUBNAIi can be had at any news stand. Price, 10 cents single copy. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHAISTGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JANUARY 28, 1875. No. 4. (For Fanciers' Journal.) PURE WATER. II d pure II insure ! Productiveues.'i ! Wuter tli:it is frosli i Gives to life wlint wi Healtlil Growtli Tuic importance of a plentiful supply of pure water for live Steele cannot bo overestimated. To quench thirst is not the ultimate end or only purpose of water. The desire that is created for drink is occasioned by a feeling termed thirst, similar to a desire for food through a sensation of hunger. These are but the demands of the inner being, the act of satisfying such but a physical e.\orlion, while the article drank enters into the composition of blood, bone, and flesh, maintains a greater percentage than other component parts, and is one of the essentials of life. Every evidence of life implies the presence of aqua, and (when pure) its largest constituent, oxygen, in the great life- giving principle ; therefore, in proportion to its supply does organic e.'iistence become manifest, not alone as an object of sight, but in its apparent health, growth, and productive- ness. The very fact that an all-wise Providence has seen fit to hold in space a three-fourth proportion of water, is suffi- cient reason for mortal man to acknowledge a necessity for such a provision; and, reasoning that the significance of water is in ratio with its three-fold extent, there is nothing else in this vast creation that will in importance stand in comparison with it. And if we admit such as a fact, there is nothing that has such a claim upon our attention ; that affords such a wide field for inquiry ; that so affects vitality itself, as the condition of water. For since what we con- sumed as food is dependent for its growth and maturity on a sufficient supply of water, and as what we are is what we eat and drink, or that which sustains us, our thoughts are led still further on, until we are lost in amazement in con- templating that which through its abundance appears so trifling. In a pure statu, water (as it is indispensable) sustains ex- istence; while, if impure, it, like a poison, attects the entire system, occasioning many diseases that are attributed to other causes through the attachment of so little importance to the vital necessity of using the pure aqueous fluid. Pure water may be considered just as essential to life and growth as is pure air, and upon the advantages of a free cir- culation of air medical authorities have written volumes, attributing so much to it as to believe its condition sufficient to make a person sick, cause death, alter body and mind; while with water the influence must bo decidedly greater. To the ocean we owe our atmosphere, and water is the acknowledged regulator of the temperature of the earth ; hence, all must admit that the deprivation of either pure air or water cannot have other than a deleterious effect ; and while with dumb animals we may not be able to trace the advance of detriment thus occasioned, it has been the dear oxporionco of many who in this respect have failed to apply the truthful adage that tells us, " An ounce of preven- tion is worth a pound of cure." The tendency of water to absorb noxious effluvia is one great reason why it becomes unfit for drinking purposes after standing in close proximity to such impurities; and there is no greater source of unhcalthfulncss than where there is allowed to accumulate decayed vegetable matter or animal excrement, particularly with that of the feathered creation. Again, it is known that in the absence of moisture all miasnuitic poisons will remain for a long time unchanged and virulent, consequently a plentifuly supply of that which in its i\bsence insures an unchanged condition will immediately dispel such impurities, which goes to prove the cleansing properties of water and its tendency to absorb poisonous exhalations. All gaseous, contagious matter are substances in a state of decomposition, and water in the presence of such gases being an ab.sorbent, soon becomes turbid, or, so to speak, putrifies by the process of decomposition which is completed in the water. It so remains unchanged, unless subject to the filtering process it undergoes in the earth, when vege- tation, having a stronger affinity for such gases, extracts them from the water, and it again becomes pure and fit for drink- ing purposes. Water is so all-pervading that we cannot fail to recognize its essentiality ; the animal and vegetable kingdoms con- tain it in quantities as high as seventy per cent. ; animals particularly consist largely of water, beef, for instance, con- tains fifty, chickens forty-six per cent. ; such being the case is it not of vast importance that animated existence should in this respect enjoy a pure article? Furthermore the vitality and jiroductive qualities of live stock are increased or diminished through the effects (result- ing fi'om the nature) of the article which becomes the means of their productiveness ; in an egg, for example, the white contains fifty-three, the yolk seventy-nine per cent, of water, and it reasonably follows that the quality of said egg is dependent upon the nature of its largest constituent part. Small bodies of water, when left exposed to the sun's rays, lose their freshness and satisfying qualities ; and with fowls there is either too much drank, causing intestinal diseases, or too little to enable a sufficient moistening of their food to insure a proper digestion, either of which retards the func- tions of the organs, and interferes with the health and profit of the stock. Vessels used in watering stock should receive a proper cleansing before being used a second time ; if not, any im- purities that may remain in tlie previous surplus supply, or that may adhere to the sides of the vessel, will taint the fresh water and in time cause a smell that will be objection- able. Bain water should not be permitted to accumulate so as to be accessible for drinking purposes for stock, as it contains 50 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. the impurities of the atmosphere, which being very accept- able and beneficial to plant life, are just the contrary to animal existence. Many of the diseases and much of the mortality in cities, especially among children, may be properly referred to im- pure milk, which becomes so by the cows producing the same being compelled to drink stagnant water and to consume decayed and unhealthy food. It is the belief of the writer that many of the diseases incident to poultry are due to neglect in providing them with pure water ; particularly do I believe such to he the case in the majority of instances where chicken-cholera prevails one writer has attempted to account for the contagious nature of this and other fatal distempers by saying, that unhealthy fowls will impart to the water from which they drink their particular disorders, and that other fowls that may drink afterwards become similarly affected ; but this is not ao counting for the first cause or origin of such fatalities, and hardly seems possible ; but the infection of such disease^ could reasonably be imputed to the vitiated state of the water consumed. I pen this article, referring more particularly to feathered animals, who in their confinement are so dependent upon the attention of their owners, even for nature's'most bounti ful gifts, pure air, pure water. The omission to furnish fowls with suitable drinking water is one of the worst features of cruelty to animals. It is a neglect that is decidedly adverse to successful experience hence tends to diminish individual fancy for fowls, and works detriment to poultry interests. Those whom we oc- casionally hear say that " there is no profit in poultry," are not qualified to have the management of the same, and in their attentions may be classed with the thriftless and ne- glectful parties who keep fowls that get drink when it rains. Let every owner of live stock, among other attentions, see that such are supplied with a sufficient amount of pure water, ^nd they will not have occasion to regret that said stock are not as profitable and thrifty as they might be. Dblanco. PodLjF^Y DE[=y\F\T|viErJT. (For Fanciers' Journal.) PARTRIDGE COCHINS. Though similar in style and quality to the other varieties of Cochin fowl, this breed is considered by some eity ama- teurs as more particularly adapted to dirty and smoky localities, on account of their dark, sober color, which retains its beauty when the brighter "Buffs," or Light .Brahmas, would become readily soiled and really less attractivej while the Partridge Cochin is unaffectec]. The Partridge Cochin hen has a hackle of a rich gold color, densely striped down the middle with black, the remainder of the plumage being light brown penciled over with very dark brown ; the penciling following the outlines of the feather. Some admit that the feathers in the wings and side may show the shafts of a rich, creamy white, form- ing a white streak down the centre of each feather, which color is the easiest to breed, but both the judges and the best fanciers have of late shown a strong objection to this, and a decided preference for a solid penciling all over the body, somewhat resembling the Dark Brahma, indeed it is proba- bly the superior effect to the eye of the latter breed which has led to the change. The total absence of the white shaft is, therefore, now sought by our best breeders, and finds favor with the judges, though it is much more diflScult to breed to perfection. The most important point, however, is that the breast, up to the very throat, be solidly and densely penciled over with cres- cent-shaped markings ; a base yellow or clayey breast being an absolute disqualification , if the competition be at all severe. The markings on the breast shoulj be very nearly like that on the back and sides ; the purer the brown color of the ground the better, and any approach to a yellow ground is, in exact proportion, a decided fault, though we have in some cases seen it justly passed over on account of unusual accu- racy and beauty of penciling, which should in either case cover the leg feathers as well as the body. The cock should be a rich, and rather orange-red about the head, and hackle the same, with a black stripe down the middle of each feather, the saddle feathers being similar. The back, shoulder-coverts, and wing-bow are rich red of rather a darker shade ; the lower-wing coverts being glossy black, with blue or green reflections, forming a bar across the wing. The primary or flight quill feathers should be black, with an edging of rich brown or bay on the lower edge ; secondaries, bay on the outer edges and black on the inner, each feather being metallic black on the end, so as to form a black edge about an inch wide on the upper side of the wing-buts, and forming a rich background under the tips of the saddle-hackles. The breast, thighs, under^parts, tail, and leg feathers, should be rich black in an exhibition bird ; white in the tajl, py browR in the breast or thighs being oh- FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 51 jnctionablo. The shanks should bo dusky yoUow, a shade of red between the scales being rather a reoommendatinn than otherwise. Wo are somewhat indebti'd to the remarks of Hewitt, Wright, and Tegetmeier for the above descriptions, and would add a thought or two from Tudnian, as quoted in "The Book of Poultry." At present there is much danger in breeding from cocks other than with breasts bla<-k well up to the throttle, black thighs, and bright red hackle, well and darkly striped. Some breeders breed from dark pullets to get the desired color in cockerels, but seems to be much of the nature of a lottery. F'resh blood should be introduced with the greatest care and judgment, and the breed or strain carefully ascertained. Color is the chief ideal of Cochin peculiarities, and this chief beauty covered all over with regular pencilings should not be sacrificed for size or weight. The flulf and full cush- ion in the hen are also especially desirable, as in the Bufl" and White varieties. EASTERN PENNSYLVANIA POULTRY ASSOCIATION. The following is a complete list of premiums as awarded at the Second Annual Fair and Exhibition of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Association, held in Lenape Hall, Doylestown, December 8, 0, 10, and 11, 1874: Light Brahmas (twenty entries) — Fowls, 1st and 2d ; chickens, 1st, 2d, and 3d ; specials, No. 14, 22, 30, 37, 48, and silver cup, Wm.H. Kern, Philadelphia ; Fowls, 3d, W. E. Flower, Shoemakertown ; 4th, Thomas W. Trego, Doyles- town. Chickens, 4th, Thomas L. McKeen, Easton. Dark Brahmas (nineteen entries) — Fowls, 1st and 4th, estate of H. H. G. Sluvrpless, Shoemakertown ; chickens, 2d, 3d, and 4th ; specials, Nos. 2 and 3. Chickens, 1st, T. L. McKeen. Fowls, 2d, D. R. Jamison, Quakertown ; 3d, J. C. Long, Jr., Philadelphia. ButF Cochins (six entries) — Fowls, 1st, A. P. Groves, Chestnut Hill ; chickens, 2d ; special, No. 35. Fowls, 2, Trexler & Koons, AUentown. Chickens, 1st, Eben P. Day, Hazleton. Fowls, 3d, Thomas L. McKeen; chickens, 3d. Partridge Cochins (twentj- entries) — Chickens, 1st, Dr. A. M. Dickie, Doylestown. Fowls, 3d, A. P. Groves. Chickens, 2d, Ed. T. Ochs, Quakertown ; also, silver cup. Chickens, 3d, Thomas Morgan, Quakertown. Fowls, 1st, 2d, and 4th, T. S. Cooper, Coopersburg ; specials, Nos. 34 and 45. Chickens, 4th, Thos. L. McKeen. Black Cochins (four entries) — Fowls, 1st and 2d, George C. Atholc, New York ; chickens, 1st and 2d ; also, silver cup. White Cochins (three entries) — Fowls, 1st, Benjamin Mann & Brother, Haddonfield, N. J. ; chickens, 2. Fowls, 4th, B. F. Lewis, Gwynedd. Grey Dorkings (one entry) — 2d, B. F. Lewis. American Dominiques (live entries) — 1st, Dr. A. M. Dickie; 2d, Howard Ilogeland, Doylestown. Plymouth Rocks (nine entries) — 1st, 2d, and special No. 16, Dr. A. M. Dickie; 3d and 4th, Edwin Johnson, Do- lington. White Faced Black Spanish (six entries)— 1st, Conrad Hahl, Doylestown; 2d and special No. 80, Dickie and Rog- ers; ;!d and 4th, Willion T. Eisenhart, Doylestown. White Leghorn (twenty-eight entries) — Ist and silver cup, J. Boardman Smith, New Haven, Conn. ; 2d, A. M. Dickie; 3d, Hellyer and Walton, Penn's Park ; 4th and specials Nos. 4, 5, and 20, Theodore P. Harvey, Doylestown. Brown Leghorns (eight entries) — 1st, Dr. A. M. Dickie; 2d, Eben P." Dav ; 3d" and special No. 24, Hellyer and Walton ; 4th, B. F. Lewis. Black Leghorns (six entries) — 3d, 4, and silver cup. Geo. W. Swartz, Doylestown. Dominique Leghorns (four entries) — 2d and 3, Charles Selser, Doylestown; 4th, E. F. Taylor, Doyle.stown. Golden Spangled Hamburgs (two entries) — 1st, I. A. Mussclman, Steinsburg; 2d, Charles Selser. Silver Spangled Ilamburgs (five entries) — 8d, J. Maurer, Hilltown ; 4th and special No. 33, Isaac Dudbridge, Bridge Valley. Golden Penciled Ilamburgs (four entries) — Isl and silver cup, James Hurst, Conshohockon ; 2d, Francis Taylor, Oak- dale. Silver Penciled Ilamburgs (seven entries) — Ist and special No. 1, Wm. T. Eisenhart; 2d, William T. Rogers, Doylet- town ; 3d, 4th, and special No. 25, Francis Taylor. Black Hamburgs (six entries) — 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th, and special No. 8, Dickie and Rogers. White Hamburgs (two entries) — Ist and 2d, C. F. Web- ster, Girard, Pa. White P(di8h (four entries)— 1st, K. F. Taylor, Doyles- town ; 2d and silver cup, Amos Stone, Doylestown. Golden Spangled Polish (one entry) — Ist and special No. 15, B. F. Lewis. Silver Spangled Polish (one entry) — 2d, F. Maurer. Houdans (four entries) — 1st and 2d, .1. B. C. Griffith, Upland, Pa^, also special No. 17; 3d, B. F. Lewis; 4lh, Henry Gross, Danborough. Creveconirs (one entry) — 2d, A. B. liolcomb, Lambcrt- ville, N. .1. ; special No. 29. Bucks County Fowls (one entry) — 2d, Dr. A. M. Dickie; special No. 44. Black RuS.sians (one entry) — 2d, Edwin Johnson, Dol- ington. .Japan Silkies (two entries) — 2d and 3d, W. T. Rogers, Doylestown ; specials Nos. 9 and 19. Grades or Crosses (three entries) — 1st, Eli Fell, Carvers- ville. Black-Breasted Red Games — Fowls (fifteen entries), 1st and 3d, John Lair, Lambertville, N. J. ; 2d, F. Darlington, Doylestown; 4th, John Donnelly, Doylestown; special No. 10, also silver cup, George W. Shinn, Centreville. Brown Red (three entries) — 1st, George Wolf, Doylestown; 2d, Isaac Dudbridge. Earl Derby (three entries) — 1st, P. Q. Holcomb, Reaville, N. J. ; 2d, F. Darlington. Silver Duck- wing (three entries) — 2d and 3d, David White, Mechanies- ville; 4th, George Wolf. Irish Grays (four entries) — 1st, Eben P. Day ; 3d, John Donnelly. Malay (three entries) — 1st and 2d, Eben P. Day. White Pile (two entries)— Ist, Eben P. Day. Red Pile (one entry)— 3d, Eben P. Day. Brass Back "(three entries) — 1st, John Donnelly; also a silver cup. Black-Breasted Red Game Bantams (ten entries) — 1st and 3d, Benjamin Mann & Brother, Haddonfield, N. J. ; 3d, J. C. Long, .Jr. ; 4th, John Lair. Golden Duckwing Game (three entries) — 2d, Benjamin Mann & Brother; special No. 7, Edwin Johnson. Silver Duckwing Game (four en- tries)— 1st, Benjamin Mann & Brother: 4lh, W. T. Rogers. Red Pile Game (five entries) — 1st and 2d, Benjamin Mann & Brother; aUo a silver cup. White Pile Game (two en- tries)— 1st and 2d, Benjamin Mann & Brother ; also silver cup. Black African (four entries) — 1st and 2d, George C. Athole, New York; also silver cup; 4th, B. F. Lewis. White (three entries) — 4th, B. F. Itcwis. Golden Sebright (seven entries) — 1st and 2d, Thomas Webster, Doylestown ; also special No. 12 ; 3d and 4th, J. Maurer. Silver Sebright (one entry) — 2d, Benjamin Mann & Brother. Dominique (one entry) — 2d, Benjamin Mann & Brother. Japan (one entry) — 2d, Thomas Webster ; also special No. 19. Bronze Turkeys— 1st, B. F. Lewis. Buff— 1st, David White; .T. S. Smith, Danborough, also special No. 47. White Holland— 1st, B. P. Lewis. Largest turkev— 1st, B. F. Lewis; 2d, J. S. Smith. Bremen Geese — 1st, B. F. Lewis. Hong Kong — 1st, B. F. Lewis. Common Geese — 1st, D. W. McNair, Mechan- icsville. Largest Goose — 1st, B. F. Lewis. Pearl Guineas (three entries) — 1st, B. F. Lewis; 2d, T. H. Walton, Dovlostown ; 8d, S. W. Shaw, Gardenville. White— 1st, B. F. Lewis. Common Ducks (three entries) — 1st and 3d, Theodore Hopkins, Bridge Valley ; 2d, Oscar Dudridge, Penn"s Park ; Pekin (three entries!— 1st, A. B. Holcomb; 2d, Richard Bonsall, Doylestown; also special No. 18; 2d, John Lair. ' Rouen (thirteen entries) — 1st, John Lair; 2d, A. B. Hoi- 62 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. comb ; also silver cup ; 3d, B. F. Lewis. Aylesbury (four entries)— 1st, A. M.Dickie; 2d, MattGibney, Doylestown ; 3d, B. F. Lewis. Muscovy (four entries)— 1st and 3d, The- odore Hopkins ; 2d, W. T. Eisenliart. Pole — 1st, Henry Wondman, Pineville. Pouters (twelve entries) — Pigmies, 1st, Isaac Van Win- kle, Greenville, N. J. Isabels — 1st and silver cup, Isaac Van "Winkle. Blue Pied — 1st and special No. 6, J. C. Long, Jr.; 2d and 3d, W. T. Eogers. White— 1st, J. C. Long. jFantails (twenty-two entries) — White Smooth Head, 1st and 2d, W. T. Eogers ; 2d on Black. George Wolf, Doyles- town, 1st on Blue Checquered. Wm. Prankenfield, Doyles- town, 1st on Maltese, 3d on Black, 3d on White Smooth Heads. Allen Twining, Doylestown, 2d on Mottled, 2d on Bed. B. ¥. Lewis, 1st and special No. 11 on Blacks, 2d on White-Crested, 3d on Blue. Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on White and White Bluewing. J. G. Long, Jr., 3d on White Crested, 2d on Blue. Carriers (fifteen entries) — P. C. Biegel, New York, 1st, 2d, and special No. 46 on Blacks; 1st on Dun. W. T. Ro- gers, 3d on Red. Eben P. Day, 2d on Silver Dun. Isaac Van Winkle, 2d on Dun. J. C. Long, Jr., 2d on Blue, 3d on Black, 3d on White. Tumblers (twenty-six entries) — Allen Twining, 3d on Black Baldheads. B. P. Lewis, 3d on Blue Baldheads. Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on Black Baldheads and Mottled. J. C. Long, Jr., 2d on Blue Baldheads, 2d on Yellow, 3d on Red. Jacobins (fourteen entries) — W. T. Eogers, 3d on White. B. F. Lewis, 3d on Yellow. Isaac Van Winkle, 1st and special No. 38 on White, 2d on Red, 1st on Yellow. J. C. Long, Jr., 1st on Black, 2d on Yellow, 2d on White, 3d on Red. Nuns (five entries) — Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on Black ; C. D. Parker, Baltimore, 2d ; B. F. Lewis, 3d. Magpies (ten entries) — C. D. Parker, 1st on Yellow, 2d on Red. Eben P. Day, 1st on Blue, 2d on Black, 3d on Red. Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on Black, 3d on Blue. J. C. Long, Jr., 1st on Red, 3d on Black. Turbits (twenty-four entries) — C. D. Parker, 1st and sil- ver cup on Yellow, 1st on Brown Tail and Blue Tail. Al- len Twining, 2d on Silverwing. B. F. Lewis, 2d on Red- wing, 3d on White. Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on Bluewing, Red, and Silver ; 3d on Blackwing, 2d on White. J. C. Long, Jr., 2d on Yellow, 2d on Silver, 1st on White, 1st on Yellowwing, 8d on Blackwing, 2d on Bluewing. Owls (fourteen entries) — W. A. Burpee, Philadelphia, 1st on White, 1st and silver cup on Blue, 1st on Yellow. Wm. T. Rogers, 3d on Blue. Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on Black, 1st on Silver. J. C. Long, Jr., 2d on Black, 2d on White, 2d on Blue, 2d on Silver. Trumpeters (five entries) — C. D. Parker, 2d and special No. 39 on Yellow. B. F. Lewis, 1st on Black, 2d on White. J. C. Long, Jr., 1st on White, 1st on Yellow. Priests — Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on Yellow. Archangels (five entries) — Isaac Van Winkle, 2d ; W. A. Burpee, 3d. Barbs (thirteen entries) — C. D. Parker, 1st and silver cup on Black, 2d on Red, 2d on White. Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on White, 1st on Yellow, 2d on Black, 1st on Red. J. C. Long, Jr., 3d on Black, 3d on White. Swallows (four entries)— Allen Twining, 3d on Black. Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on Yellow-barred. J. C. Long, 2d on Black, 2d on Blue. Snells (five entries) — J. C. Long, Jr., 1st on Yellow-cap- ped. Conrad Hahl, 1st on Black-capped. Quakers (eight entries) — Conrad Hahl, 2d on Red, 2d on Black. C. D. Parker, 1st on Red. Isaac Dudbridge, 1st and silver cup on Starling. Isaac Van Winkle, 2d on Star- ling. J. C. Long, Jr., 2d on Blue. Runts (four entries) — Isaac Van Winkle, 1st on Blue. Morecaps (three entries) — Isaac Van Winkle, 1st. Spots (three entries) — Isaac Van Winkle, 2d on Yellow, 2d on Black. Antwerps (nine entries)— J. Herst, 1st on Blue, 1st and silver cup on Silver Ash. J. C. Long, Jr., 2d on Blue, 2d on Silver, Suabians (two entries) — Isaac Van Winkle, 2d. J. C. Long, 3d. Curaulets (one entry) — No award. Ice Pigeons (one en- try)— No award. MINOR PETS. Canary Bird — George W. Shinn, Centreville, 2d. Green Parrot — Thomas White, Doylestown, 1st. White Mice — B. F. Lewis, 1st; George Wolf, Doylestown, 2d. Grey Squirrels— B. F. Lewis, 1st ; George Wolf, 2d. Ring Doves — T. H. Walton, Ist. Wild Pigeons— George Wolf, 1st. Ferrets— George Wolf, 1st ; A. W. Walton, 2d. Red Squir- rels, Lewis demons, 1st. Guinea Pigs — B. F. Lewis, 1st; Silas Selser, Doylestown, 2d. Hawks — S. Larzelere, Doyles- town, 1st; J. S. Smith, Danborough, 2d. Owls — Fred. Prizer, 2d. Lop-eared Rabbits (twelve entries) — Flower & Thompson, Shoemakertown, 1st on doe, 3d on buck. Eben P. Day, 3d and 2d on doe, 1st on buck. B. F. Lewis, 2d on buck. Himalayan Rabbits (ten entries) — Flower & Thompson, 2d and 3d on buck, 1st and 2d on doe. Eben P. Day, 1st and special No. 32 on buck. B. F. Lewis, 3d on doe. Silver Grey Rabbits (two entries) — Chandler Weaver, Shoemakertown, 2d on buck. B. F. Lewis, 3d on doe. Egyptian Rabbits (two entries) — Eben P. Day, 1st and special No. 31 on buck, 1st on doe. Dutch Rabbits (four entries) — Eben P. Day, 1st on doe, 2d on buck. English Rabbits (four entries) — Eben P. Day, 1st on buck, 1st on doe. B. F. Lewis, 2d on buck, 2d on doe. Angora Rabbits (five entries) — B. F. Lewis, 1st on buck, 2d on doe. A. W. Walton, 1st on doe, 2d and silver cup on buck. Common Rabbits (two entries) — A. W. Walton, 1st on buck, 2d on doe. The following named gentlemen were the judges employed by the Executive Committee of the Association to make the above awards : On Brahmas, Dorkings, Dominiques, and Plymouth Rocks, D. A. Upham, Wilsonville, Conn. ; on Cochins, French fowls. Games of all kinds and Game Bantams, Isaac Van Winkle, Greenville, N. J. ; on Spanish, Leghorns, Hamburgs, and Polish of all kinds, A. M. Hal- sted, Eye, N. Y., and George C. Athole, New York city; on Rabbits, etc., A. M. Halsted, Rye, N. Y. ; on Turkeys, Geese, Ducks, etc., Eben P. Day, Hazleton, Pa. ; on Miscel- laneous, Harry Herdigen, Philadelphia. T. P. Harvey, Secretary. FIRST EXHIBITION OF THE MEADVILLE POULTRY AND COLUMBARIAN ASSOCIATION. This exhibition has been a success far beyond the san- guine expectation of its enthusiastic members and officers. The entries amounted to 328 and consisted of some of the finest specimens. Although a young society it was liberally patronized by many of the leading fanciers and breeders of the neighboring States. Ohio in particular was largely rep- resented. Messrs. Peck, of Earville ; Hively, of Youngs- town ; NichoUs & Stocker, of Ravenna (and one other firm of the same place by proxy). Messrs. Shannon, Elben, and Hall represented Pittsburg, and succeeded in taking a few of the premiums to the "smoky city." The Society had made arrangements with Mr. Jos. M. Wade, of Phila- delphia to act as judge, but were sadly disappointed to find that he was obliged to forfeit his engagement at the last moment owing to a press of business, and the show coming on the publication day of the Journal. Mr. Frank Ford, of Ravenna, was unanimously chosen to fill Mr. Wade's place, and he performed his duty impartiall}' and well, and to the entire satisfaction of the Association. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 53 Among the fine specimens wore some very valuable birds, one trio of BInck Hamburgs, iinportod from England a few | weeks ago by Mr. Lambing, of Parker's Landing, tliat co3t ' him $160 in gold. Tlioy wore pronounced by tlio judges, while on exhibition, as being as near perfection as one could expect. Mr. C. H. Blystone, had one pair of pigeons | which cost $00 in England, and several specimens of Cochins 1 and Game, purchased from Eastern breeders, cost from $25 to $40 each. The whole affair passed off well, being a success in num- ber of entries and financially. The winners of course were happy, and the defeated, with one exception, took their de- feat in a becoming gentlemanly manner. Encouraged by this grand all'air, our members have made up their minds to make it still more of a success next year. Below will bo found a list of awards. Light Bralimas— Fowls, 1st, R. H. Peck, Earlville, O ; 2d, A. Morrill, Meadville, Pa. Chicks, 1st, J. B. Coch- ran, Meadvillo; 2d, A. Merrill. Special, best coop, J. B. Cochran ; best pair, 1874 hatch, J. B. Cochran. Dark Brahmas — Fowls, 2d, H. AVorley, Meadville, 0. Chicks, 1st, E. T. M. Simmons, Oil City. Special, best coop, and best cockerel, H. VV. lieynolds, Meadville. Buff Cochins — Fowls, 1st, Nicholls & Stocker, Ravenna, O. Chicks, A. McLaren, Meadville; 2d, R. H. Peck. Special, best coop, A. McLaren. Black Cochins— Fowls, 2d, R. H. Pock. Chicks, 1st, H. S. Huidokoper, Meadville; 2d, E. T. M. Simmons, Oil City. Special, best coop, best collection Cochins, best collection Asiatics, R. H. Peck. Partridge Cochins— Fowls, Ist, R. H. Peck; 2d, J. B. Cochran. Chicks, 1st, Nicholls & Stocker, Ravenna, O; 2d, M. Zimmer, Meadville, O. Special, best coop, J. B. Cochran ; best Cockerel, M. Zimmer ; best pair, 1874 hatch, Nicholls & Stocker. White Cochins— Fowls, 1st, R. H. Peck. Chicks, 1st and 2d, R. H. Peck. Dorkings — ^White Fowls, 1st, E. M. Hively, Youngstown, O. White Chicks, 1st, E. M. Hively. Silver Gray Fowls, 1st, R. H. Pock. Silver Gray, Chicks, 1st, R. H. Peck; 2d, H. S. Huidokoper. Colored, Fowls, 1st, H. S. Huide- koper ; 2d, R. H. Peck. Colored, Chicks, 1st, H. S. Huido- koper ; 2d, R. H. Peck. Hamburijs — Silver Spangled, Fowls, 1st, E. M. Hivelj' ; 2d, J. T. Shearer, Venango. Silver Spangled, Chicks, 1st and 2d, A j\[orrill, Meadville. Golden Spangled, Chicks, 1st, W. T. Boll, Franklin; 2d, R. H. Pock. ^Silver Pen- ciled, Fowls, 1st, J.T. Shearer, Oil City. Black, Fowls, 1st, E. M. Hively; 2d, S. Rossiter, Meadville. Black, Chicks, 1st, J. M. Lambing, Parker's Landing; 2d, J. T. Bell. Best coop, Black, J. M. Lambing, Parker's Landing. Best Coop, Golden Spangled, W. T. Bell. Black Spanish — Fowls, 1st, E. M. Hively. Leghorn White Chicks, 1st and 2d, E. T. M. Simmons. Leghorn Brown Chicks, 1st, E. M. Hively; 2d, H. J. Simpson, Oil City. Special, best coop Leghorn, E. T. M. Simmons. French — Houdans, Fowls, 1st, Wm. Craig, Meadvillo; 2d, E. M. Hively. Houdans, Chicks, 2d, Ticknor & Booth, Connoautville. "Creveco?urs, Fowls, 1st and 2d, E. A. Rey- nolds, Meadville. Polish^Silvor Spangled Fowls, 1st, C. H. Blystone, Meadville. Silver Spanglod Chicks, 1st, E. M. Hively; 2d, C. H. Blystone. Golden Spangled (unmuffed) Fowls, 1st, C. H. Blystone. Gokli'm Spangled (unmuftcd) Chicks, 1st and 2d, C. H. Blvstonc. Golden Spangled (muffed) Chicks, 1st, E. T. M. Simmons. White (unmuffed) Fowls. Isl, C. H. Blvstone. White i muffed) Chicks, 1st, E. M. Hively. White Crested Black, Chicks, Ist, C. H. Blystone. Special, best coop Silver, best coop Golden, best coop White, best collection, C. H. Blystone. Game— Earl Derbv, Fowls, 1st, A. McLaren, ^[eadville. Chicks, 1st, E. Huidokoper. Black-breasted Red, Fowls, 1st and 2d, A. McLaren. Black-breasted Red, Chicks, 1st, A. McLaren ; 2d, W. A. Jordan, Corry. Ginger Red, Fowls, 1st, M. Minium, Meadvillo. Ginger Red, Chicks, 1st, A. McLaren. Blue Red, Chicks, let, L. Lcberman, Meadville. Yellow Duck Wing, Fowls, Ist, A. McLaren. Yellow Duck Wing, Chicks, 1st, A. McLaren. Silver Duck Wing, Chicks, 1st, W. A. Jordan, Corry; 2d, A. .McLaren, Mead- villo. Birchen Yell..w, Fowls, 1st, M. Minium. White Pile, Fowls, 1st and 2d, A. McLaren. Jrinh Gray, Fowls, 1st, A. McLaren. Special, best coop Pile Game, best coop Blue Black Red, best coop Duck Wing, best collection of Game, A. McLaren. Game Bantams — Yellow Duck Wing, Fowls, Ist, R. H, Peck. Silver Duck Wing, Fowls, 1st, A. McLaren. Silver Duck Wing, Chicks, 1st, R. F. Shannon, Pittsburgh. Irish Grey, Fowls, 1st, E. .M. Hively. Black-breasted Red, Fowls, 1st, R. H. Peck. Black-breasted Red, Chicks, 1st, R. H. Pock; 2d, Nicholls & Stocker. Special, Black-breustcd Red Bantams, R. H. Pock. Brown-breusted Red, FowLs, 1st, E. T. M. Simmons, Oil City. Chicks, E. T. M. Simmons. Bantams other then Game— White, Fowls, 1st, T. F. Codd, Oil City. Black African Chicks, 1st and 2d, C. B. Elben, Pittsburgh, Pa. Golden Sebright, Fowls, 1st, E. T. M. Simmons. Chicks, 1st, E. E. Hively; 2d, E. T. M. Simmons. Miscellaneous — China Blues, Chick, 1st, Frank Shryock, Meadville. Plymouth Rock, Chick, 1st, J. C. Horris,Ven- ango. Pa. Fowls, 1st E. M. Hivelv. Dominiqucs, Chicks, 1st, E. T. M. Simmons. Frizzles," Chicks, Ist, D. Camp- tiold, Meadville. Silkies, Fowls, 2d E. Green, Meadville. Turkcy.s— Wild Turkey, 1st, R. H. Pock. Special, best coop of "Turkeys, R. H. Peck. Ornamcntar— Pearl White Guineas, 1st, E. M. Hively. Pea Fowls, 2d, E. T. M. Simmons. Geese— Toulouse, 1st, R. H. Peck. White China, 1st, E. M. Hively. Wild Geese, Ist, S: M. Hively. Special, best pair of Geese, R. H. Peck. Ducks— Aylesbury, 1st, C. B. Elben ; 2d, R. H. Peck. Rouen, 1st, R. H. Peek. White Crested, 1st, E. M. Hively. Colored Muscovey, l.st, E. M. Hively; 2d, D. Campbell, Meadville. Black Cayuga, 1st, E. M. Hively. Pekin Im- perial, 1st and 2d, .\. Merrill, Meadville. Special, best coop Ducks, A. Merrill. Best coop Pekin Ducks, A. Mer- rill. Pigeons — Red Mottled Jacobins, 1st, R. F. Shannon. Red Tumblers, 1st, R. F. Shannon. Red Pied Pouter, 1st, C. H. Blystone; 2d, E. M. Hively. Black Pied Pouter, 1st, E. M. Hively. White Pouters, 1st, C. H. Blystone; 2il, E. JI. Hively. White Jacobins. 1st, E. 31. Hively. Baldhead Tumblers, 1st, E. M. Hively. Spla.'^hcd Tumblers, 1st, E. M. Hivelv. Black Tumblers, 1st, E. M. Hively. Black Fans, 1st, C. H. Blystone. Blue Fans, Ist, C. H. Blystone. White Fans, 1st, C. H. Blvstone. Yellow Fans, 1st, C. H. Blystone. Yellow Trumpeters, 1st, C. H. Bly- stone. While Trumpeters, 1st, C. H Blystone. Yellow Jacobins, 1st, C. II. Blystone. Red Jacobins, 1st, C. H. j Blvstonc. Yellow Tumblers, 1st, C. H. Blvstone. Yellow 1 Ba"ldheads, 1st, C. H. Blvstone. Silver Pouters, 1st. C. H. I Blystone. Yellow Pied Pouters, Ist, C. H Blystone. Blue j Pied Pouters, 1st, C. II. Blystone. Isabel Pouters, Ist, C. ; H. Blystone. Black Carrier, 1st, C. H. Blystone. Dun I Carrier, 1st, C. H. Blvstone. Yellow Carrier, 1st, C. H. Blystone. Black Barb. 1st, C. H. Blvstone. White Barb, 1st, C. H. Blvstone. White Owls," 1st, C. H. Blystone. Turbit Blue Wing, 1st, C. H. Blystone. Special, best pair Pouter Pigeons, best pair Tumbler Pigeons, best collection I of Pigeons, C. H. Blystone. I For Fanciers' Journal.) i FOWLS AT THE BALTIMORE SHOW. We are gratiiiod t^' write that tlie poultry and pigeon ' show hold in Baltimore, January 5th to Sth. inclusive, was a grand success. Notwithstanding the unfavorable weather, i the attendance of visitors was unexpectedly large and of the best class of citizens, including many ladies ; the latter in some instances coming in handsome carriages. At one time, on Friday, the last day, the street was almost blockaded with stylish equipages, and liveried footmen were as plenty I around the hall entrance as at a first-class wedding. Xever 54 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. did officers perform so much work in so short a time as did those of this association. The energetic President was here, there, and everywhere, even refusing to dine until he saw every coop in its place. As one of the renowned pigeon fanciers informed me, he should say something about pigeons, I will only say some- thing about the poultry, the display of which, though not large in number of coops, was nevertheless creditable. The Brahmas were well represented. The 1st premium pen of Lights being a very fine trio indeed. The Dark, also like the Light, had several competing coops ; the 1st premium trio were well worthy of the honor bestowed upon them. BuflF Cochins, several coops, but none worthy of 1st pre- mium ; the hens all being too light and washy in coloring, leg-feathering not good. The cock in coop awarded 2d pre- mium was a stylish bird, but with the hens was in bad com- pany. The 1st premium P. Cochins were a nicely mated trio ; symmetry of hens excellent, both penciled alike ; the cock was a fine specimen, excellent in cai'riage and feather- ing. The prize White Cochins were good ones. The Houdans, as a class, were fair, with the usual excep- tions of wrong-colored feathers in neck hackle. The prize trio hens were well crested and bearded, evenly mottled ; the cock should have had a little more crest, and will when all the pin feathers are out ; but he was a trifle lighter than we like to see. The Games were well represented (in varieties) ; but in some instances, owners misnamed their varieties, one exhibi- tor insisted on entering a trio of what was once known as the " Baltimore Muflf" Games, as " Black Reds." The Polish family were not well represented, neither in numbers nor excellence. The Golden Polands were not well mated. The prize "White-crested White Polands were really nice, none of the others were represented. The Bantams were a little too weighty, with the exception of the prize trios. All were well marked in feathering. White Leghorns were passably good. Brown, only one t rio exhibited, and were very dark, and exceedingly poor ear- lobes ; no premium awarded. Black, one trio, not worthy of notice. Hamburgs were represented by the Blacks only, which were good ones. Minorcas, prize trio were also good. Plymouth flocks, a splendid trio took 1st, owned by C. 0. Corbitt, New London, Conn. The Black Spanish were quite good, but would have been better matched in the pens had the cocks been changed. A pigeon or two, which had escaped from their cages, flew sufficiently often from one side of the hall to the other to keep the poultry on the qui vive, and in good voice. Most of the first premiums were awarded the fowls belonging to Mr. Geo. Colton, a very enthusiastic gentleman in the fancy, who has expended in the last three or four years about $4000 in pure bred fowls, simply on account of his love and admi- ration of them. He has never offered for sale either eggs or stock during the stated period. He also secured the society premium of $20 for best collection. If we may be allowed to express an opinion, there seemed to be a lack of due discretion, as regards the proper mating of pens for ex- hibition ; but when it is known that very many of the ex- hibitors had never before exhibited their fowls, it was after all, for an amateur efiort, highly successful. I must close by relating an incident occurring the last day, while I was explaining the operations of the incubator, on exhibition, to some ladies. A sallow-faced individual, with a buff overcoat buttoned up to his chin, a blue umbrella under one arm, and a tall, sharp-faced, red-headed, freckled- faced woman hanging on the other, came up, and asked with a strong, nasal twang : " What is that air thing, any- how ?" "An incubator, sir." "An incu — what, what's that?" "It's a machine for hatching chickens." "You don't! Marier, dew you here that, that's an infernal ma- chine for turning out live chicks ; do you hatch 'em from eggs?" He was then shown how it operated, and he re- marked, as a smiling crowd surged around him, "I reckon you could hatch anything in that air machine, could'nt you?" "I don't know, sir, but the owner says he put in twelve china eggs, and in eleven days it hatched out a full china tea set." " Marier, dew you here that!" " Marier " simply said, "well, I never." He thought the "artificial mother would'nt be as complete as the interlocutor, until the darned thing could be made to cluck." G. O. B. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE MODERN GAME COCK. Dbar Sir: I see m jour number ot Janu vry 21, an article by " Game Cock," a repetition of the old cry against the modern Game fowl, which from its tenor is calculated to create a doubt as to their gameness. This, I believe, is the only "hold" left to the fanciers of the old style of bird, as they admit the modern bird to be much superior in all that pleases the eye — elegance and style — to their own. The " dark hints," that Game Cock speaks of, are, I fear, generally made by those who have a reason of their own for so doing, and not unfrequently have " an axe to grind," and would probably be made with regard to any bird that was in successful competition with their own, or with their style of bird. The Malay cross to me is absurd, as any one who has had Malays knows that the shape of the head (a point in which our modern bird excels) is entirely different, being quite wide on top of head, a trait which once in one's stock would be next to impossible to eradicate, as it is very hard at best to keep the head of our Game fowls good and fine. As regards the club premium in the Pennsylvania Society's last exhibition, the decision was as every one expected, who knew that the purse was made up by parties outside the So- ciety (admirers of the old style of bird), who were to choose their own judge. Of course, it was but natural that he should award premiums to birds that he knew, or whose stock he knew ; and had probably seen fights, knowing them to be game, although no better bird, in any respect, than the Society's premium birds ; and inferior to them in station and hardness of feather. The Society's second premium Black Red wasa tried bird, FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 55 bearing tho marks of his fight, in which ho was badly cut, wasof fine station, good wide square bade and linrd feathered, and allliough weighing seven pounds was very active and springy on liis feet ; but the judge had not seen him fight, therefore the same "dark hints" wore applicable to him as well as the others. As regards personal knowledge of the [oorheads, Scandaroons, and Highflyers. A special premium wsis awarded to D. Thomas for a beau- tiful collection of song and ornamental birds; also, to J. E. Lloyd for Angora Goats, artificial mother, and Graves' Egg Hatcher. 2d, W. B. Cochran; Cochran; 2d, D. G. Mottled— 1st, W. B. 56 FANCIBES' JOUEKAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. It ANCIERS' 1|0URNAL AND laOULTRY QpxCHANGB, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. RArrs, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCKIPTIOJf— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " 2 50 Per Annum, Foreign Subscribers 3 54 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. BLOOMER HOUSE, BUFFALO, NEW TORK. We would call the attention of fanciers, who intend visiting Buffalo during the coming show, at which two con- ventions will be held, to the advantages of the above hotel. It is one of the most comfortable little hotels that we ever had the good fortune to put up at, and the proprietor " knows how to keep a hotel," and is ever alive to the comfort of his guests. This is a free advertisement, for the benefit of our brother fanciers and not for the hotel, which will be filled to over- flowing, and application must positively be made sometime in advance. "HANS SCHNEIDER." We this week present the " The Geografy, mit Fixture," of Hans Schneider. "We tried to reason with this young fancier. We told him that he was not known, even in his own neighborhood, and that he had better wait until he had made a reputation for himself, and become popular, so that his customers would desire to see him. But no, he is bound that his customers shall see him whether they desire it or not. So he insists that as he has not much money, and that his frow says we charge too much, he is anxious for " a little pixture, not so big as a large one." He is also de- sirous that we call particular attention to his honest " koun- denances." Our readers will no doubt observe the pecu- liarly honest expression. SECOND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE A. P. A. [Not being able to be present at Hartford, the following report was kindly furnished by the editor of the Poultry World.— ^-D.} Pursuant to call, the Association met at Allyn Hall, Hart- ford, Conn., January 21, 1875, at 12 o'clock, M. In the absence of the President, the meeting was called to order by Vice-President A. D. Warren, E. S. Kalph, Secretary. The minutes of the meeting of the Association at Boston, Mass., February .5, 1874, were read and approved. The Secretary made report respecting the membership of the Association, and the general condition of its affairs, which was accepted. The Secretary presented the report of Treasurer, Mr. E. B, Smith, Buffalo, which was accepted, and ordered on file. The Secretary read the report of the meeting of the Exec- utive Committee, at Boston, February 6, 1874, which was accepted and adopted. Also, a report of Executive Com- mittee meeting in New York, July 22 and 23, 1874, and report was accepted, and a motion made by H. T. Sperry. seconded by H. H. Stoddard, that this Association ratify and legalize the doings of said meeting, at which a quorum of the Executive Committee were not present. Carried unanimously. The following committees, namelj', on transportation, on Publication, and on Badges, not being ready to report in full, the committees were continued, and ordered to report at an adjourned meeting. Moved and seconded that the committee on the Willis- Cochran affair be discharged. Adopted. The Secretary presented his account of receipts and dis- bursements, which was accepted and allowed. On motion of P. W. Hudson, a draft was ordered drawn on the Treasurer for $250, balance due the Secretary for salary. Adopted. On motion of H. H. Stoddard, seconded by P. W. Hudson, the election of officers was deferred to an adjourned meet- ing. Adopted. • On motion of H. T. Sperry, the unfinished business was deferred to an adjourned meeting. Adopted. A motion was made by S. J. Bestor that this meeting suggest to the Publication Committee the propriety of put- ting a flexible cloth cover to the new edition of the Standard. Adopted. On motion of H. T. Sperry, that this meeting be continued, and when it adjourns it be to reassemble at St. James' Hall, Buffalo, N. Y., February 12, 1875, at 2 p. m. Adjourned. Haktfokd, January 21, 1875. E. S. Ealph, Sec'y. CoF^F^ESpOflDEflCE. (For Fanciers' Journal.) ABOUT PEDIGREES. In the first place, notice, this is not an anonymous com- munication. In the second, it is short, therefore read it. I believe in blooded stock. I believe in good ancestors. These are two of the prominent articles of my creed ; but registered pedigrees of fowls as at present conducted is not one of them. Let me tell you why. When a gentleman writes me that he has fourteen or fifteen Leghorn cockerels, all registered in the Poultry Pedigree Book, to dispose of, and then adds that for the beat of these — one with entirely red earlobes — he will take ten dollars, I begin to wonder what sort of birds are registered in the " Pedigree Book." If, when on further thought I conclude to purchase, and ask for a Jive dollar bird, and find when he comes to hand that he weighs (as was asserted by "Clinton," some time ago, in this Journal) just two pounds, what other opinion can I have than this — that at least one breeder is trying to shove off his inferior stock under the cover of pedigree. Just here let me say that I know the statements made by " Clinton " on this point to be entirely correct, for, being a partner, my own purse was made to suffer with his. I do not attempt to assert that there are many who use the printed pedigree, as the above transaction would seem to indicate, but I am inclined to think the " Leghorn " man is not alone in this matter. One of the points I object to, is that no discrimination is made. Twenty-five cents, so far as I understand the scheme, may place the most worthless scrub on the same foundation, and a perfect equality with the first premium bird of the best poultry show in the country. How am I to tell by the F A N C I E K S' JOURNAL AND P O U L T It Y I'l X C H A N G E. 57 podigroo thftt " Old Nicholas," 9447, doscendfd from " Dia- bolo," 0873, is a first-clnss bird, a good brooder, and poH- S0SS03 all tlio innritorious points of hia breed. Names are plentiful and cheap, and llguros still more so. Neither the figure, nor the name, nor the pedigree is any guarantee to ine as to the real merits of the bird. I believe I have always bred my fowls from tliu very best strains in the coun- try. I have bred a large nunibiir, and never yet have found a strain which would throw all good birds. How easy it would have been to pedigree the inferior ones and sell them on this podigroo. With both >Ir. Todd and Mr. Clift, who wrote on this topic in the Poultry World of December, 1874, I can and do heartily agree, where the ilrst says, "It is only necessary to register our breeding birds, and such as wo choose of our noted prize winners ; " and the second, where Mr. C. says, " It is a very natural and proper thing for a fancier to get the best pair of birds he can find, to record thair names and the names of the best birds he raises from them." Were I in want of stock of the kind bred either by Mr. Todd or by Mr. Clift, I would simply write for what I wanted, asking possibly for a fuller description, and the price. I know that the stock would be as represented, because both arc known to be honorable and reliable men ; and this ad- vertisement, let me say, costs them nothing. When one writes to me, and tells me his Krahmas arc of Todd's, Wil- liams', Felch's, or Wade's strain, that is all I care for. It is a better guarantee than the registered pedigree. If Mr. Olift tolls me he has a pair of Bronze turkeys, and gives de- scription and price, I have no more questions to ask ; his word is worth more than the pedigree numbers. After all, therefore, wo depend more on the seller's or breeder's repu- tation for honesty and integrity, in any case, than we do on the pedigree of his stock. If any of the advocates of the present plan will secure such a change, that only bii-ds rising in merit to a certain number of points, say 75 or 80, «an be registered in the Pedigree Book, then I promise to be the first convert to the new system. In fact I am a convert already, but I have not any church to connect with. I can see value in a record of good birds, but it seems to me that to be valuable there must be some plan of shutting out birds which do not come up to a fixed standard. - A. N. Raub. Lock Haven, l'\. THE FANCIERS' JOURNAL. The Journal has now completed its first year. It is to be regretted that it has not been sufficiently patronized to enable the editor to continue it as a weekly through the whole year. That it has done excellent service to the cause which it has so ably advocated cannot be questioned. It has been fearless and independent in defending the right and in op- posing the wrong. It has opened its columns impartially to the full discussion of every question of interest to the fancy. In what it has been in the past, we have a guarantee for the future. It ought especially to be well sustained by Pennsylvania breeders, in that the editor will feel justified in again sending it out as a weekly, and that Pennsylvania fanciers will be especially active in promoting its circulation. While it is not in any sense sectional, yet it will naturally give special attention to matters pertaining to the section in which it is published, and in proportion as it does so it will interest those abroad. If it were only a monthly it ought to be well supported as the special organ of Pennsylvania, Ohio, New Jersey and the South. As a semi-monthly or weekly it should command the support of the breeders throughout the whole country. It is to be hoped that the opportunity afforded at the coming shows will be fully improved for securing subscri- bers to the Journal, and that subscriptions and advertise- ments will be so abundantly poured in that there will be no fear of its again being changed to a semi-monthly. F. R. WOTRINO. importation. Mr. Wadk : I have received by steamer Steinman, on January the 5th, from Antwerp, direct, a fine lot (30 pair?) of Antwerp flying pigeons, selected from the stock of the most successful fanciers. John Van Opstal. New York City. {For Fanciers' Journal.) Editor Fanc;ers' Journal : A new year is now at hand, and I am in receipt of a bun- dle of papers, among them your valuable and best of papers ; without it, the anxious poultry breeder, while waiting for the monthlies, would indeed pasi' a sore and tiresome time, and when they are received, perhaps one or two pages are filled with pedigrees or advertisements of egg testers, which proved useless and entirely worthless. But, I am not to write of that. I wish I could find words to praise your val- uable paper. I wish to say to the readers of it, compare the January numbers just received with your first issue; and let every present subscriber say to himself, I will send friend Wade all the subscribers I can possibly get. H. M. MixiER. Editor Fanciers' Jottrnal: I would be greatly obliged if P. W. Hudson or some other authority on Game fowls would answer the following through the Journal : Are rose combs a disqualification in Duckwing Game hens ? I do not find it so in the " new standard." Novice. Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir: Permit me through the Journal to compli- ment Novice, and extend thanks to him for his exalted opinions and unsolicited advice. Also, to remind hira of his very ungentlemanl y charges, to say the least, in last Jour- nal, respecting my reply to his queries in Vol. 1, Nos. 45 and 46, wishing infornuition, etc., which was freely, sincerely, and honestly given for his benefit, and that of any other fan- cier w^ishing to procure the best cross-bred fowls for eggs and market purposes, as my opinions, not for the purpose of gra- tuitously advertising my favorites, or claiming to originate any variety of fowls whatever, as. falsely charged. What I did say respecting one of our very best varieties of the present day, is well known to be true, and so acknowl- edged by our first-class fanciers, and needs no further proof, the record will show for itself, and further comments are unnecessary. I will, however, again take the liberty to say a word in reply to Novice's last question respecting the cause and cure of a very loathsome disease common in fancy fowls, and 58 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. ■would willingly give my experience, but forbear lest Novice may take it for an advertisement, or some other fictitious matter, and will leave the subject for others to give the de- sired information, who may have had more experience in describing the cause, and prescribing remedies, than I have had, though it be simple, easily applied, and very effectual. I hope in due time to see the promised report in the Journal of the progeny obtained by mating Leghorn and Spanish cocks with Light Brahma hens, in order to obtain the best laying and market fowls combined in one variety, which no doubt will be produced by the above mating, as we all know that the Spanish varieties are good layers — when well provided with plenty of artificial appliances — but who ever heard of their being superior market fowls, especially the Black Spanish? I have heard parties say that " they could eat them," but never " hankered " after them more than the boy did the crow ; and the White Leghorns being but little better. But what is one's meat is another's poison. I never knew perfection, or the best results, to follow by uniting two extremes to accomplish the greatest good sought, and still believe that there can be no better mating, if as good, for the purpose of producing what Novice calls for in eggs and poultry, than to breed a Plymouth Eock cock to Light Brahma hens, and would refer any one wishing to make a cross for the above purposes to Dr. A. M. Dickie, of Doylestown, Pa., who has had experience, and whose opin- ions will be valuable to all interested as above. WiLSONViLLE, Ct., January 18, 1875. D. A. UPHAM. Geografy's of Bister Hans Schneider, Esq. TO GO MIT PIXTEK. Hans Schneider, was porn ad a young age, as he grew older he vos pigger efry dime. He dook some aodions do schickens ad de age of 4 years of old ; he dook dree bandy schickens from de naber nexd door, ond his fader he made him yoost pud 'em ride avay pack agin. His fader den do excourage him den boudt a drio of schickens from Joge Purnem, (now of Smellrose) ad dat time da-t stock stood wery high — they could ead their heads of mit flower bar- ils. Mr. Schneider, nod de old mans but I mean miself, being starded mit his fader, sold from dot drio of schickens a goot many drios of Lide Pra- •mers, and more of Dark Pra- mers, and some Coachins. Dat opend mit me my ise and hans Schneider. I sed dot dey " vas millions in it." I vos now preeding elefln difrent variedies excloosively, making a specialties of each kinds. I vos a nadive Americans of a leedle sherman distracdion — dot is my fader he vos a sons of my grandfader, who I pelieve vos his fader also, who dont vos never in dis coundry. I dont vos cot me four 4 grandfaders like some beoples. I don't nefer could make me oud how dot a berson could hav four faders, onless de moter she pe marriet four dimes, and den dey vas only fader by laws dree of 'em and dree of dem vould not be ekal to one healdthy moter-by-law. Mr Schneider vos very fond mit animals — dot vos vy he make a pizness of schickens. He vos marriet mit a vomans ad dwendy years of old, his frow vos from exdensive ond influendial familys of sixdeen dauders. Shudge Schnien- derfelder he vos fader mit em. Now dat Shudge he vos a Shustises of the Beaces, and he make him mooch popular by his vise shudgments. I dole you of one inkstans, a man vos aresded for lifin mit dree (3) frows, and broud ub afore dat Shudge. Vel, de Shudge he salt : "Veil misder iillers I understood you vos cot mit you dree frows ; is dat so ?" De man he hang mit his heat, looking hardt at a big gud of dobacco on dot floor, said : " Veil, Misder Shudge, I blead guildy." TheShudgehe raised mithimself ub, like dat ber- son dot Shakes Playspear, and said mit a voices like a mat pull. " No kondemps mit de kourt — you must konfind yoursef mit de cases, Don'd you vos cot dree frows," Dat vos a blain questions vich acquires a forwardt straidt answers. Dot man excided sed. " Yes, Shudge, I vos lifin mit dree frows, and yed I dond vos habby." "Mr. Brisoner, you axdonish me, I see before me a bersons, who sdill lifs, who vos cot dree frows. Vy I can hardly live mit von ; ef a ber- son can get along mit dree frows mitoud a funerals, he is bunished enough alreaty. Mr. Officer, I discharge the bris- oner." Efrj'body schmack mit their hands. I simbly re- lade this to show how nobly I vos decended mit my frow. Mr. Schneider he vos ubridt, in everyding vot he say he bromise alridt. Say someding apoud all my sdock being selecded mit care from the pest yarts. (I dink dot dond reat somehow ridt for from the pest yarts, somedimes you dont cot noding put Bedegree schickens, you fix id and I make it all ridt mit you.) Mr. Schneider is as his koundenances dictates, vos a berson of quick see indo dings, and nose a good schicken of he dond see id. His sdile of backing eccs is pest of all, and he vas refoosed several ofi"ers to run mit gongresses. I vould like you do make me oud a nice edidorial nodice apoud dat pixture also, I make it all ridt mit you. Now, Misder Vade, you can make me oud a beautiful Geografy of Mr. Schneider, blease make my names in pig black ledders so it will show ub nice. I make it all ridt mit you. Ven you shange dis for dot brinters you verefor I ridt I, you say he, so dat vill abear dat I dond know anyding apoud dis geografy. Ef you fix id ub goot I vill nod only make it all ridt mit you, but I vill get you a goot many discribers to de shurnal. Mr. Vade, you aosdonish me, you rodt me dot you dink my pixture vould be of no agount in your shurnals, und dot no von vants to see id. Now dot is a misdake, don'd efry- pody like to look of de pig pugs ? I don'd vos of no agound, eh ? You yust dold mine frow, Schneider, dot, and she, mit my elefen liddle Schneider poys, vould make mit you blony swawsage meads in yust fife minit, by railroat dime. Now I must hav dot pixture, so long as I dont could ford so much brices. I makes a pargain mit you, do cot a liddle von, nod so pig as a large von, and dond so mooch cosd. My frow she dell me you sharge dwice vot it cosd, so you make some- dings, but I don'd dink so, for a gommon, almosd life-sise, lidhograf cosds dirty toUars, and efrypody vot now an3'ding nose dot a goot vood gut is yust so expensive ; besites I cot me gonfidence of you, so I send you a pully fodigrafs, de man's vot dook id said id look dwice so nadural as I do rai- selef. Make me as pig a gut as you could for halef brices, and make me look like I vos undirstood my piznesses. I dond vant nO gommon gut, bud someding sdunning, dot vill make efry pody say, ven dey look of it, " Dot is a bersons do order my schickens and eccs from, look of dot kounde- FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 59 natises," etc. I vand somoding nice, vot I can hand down do my advorsidy, somoding dot vill inflicd Itredid to my familly andsisdei-s. I ridt mo oud a little— vot you call em, n —a geografy of miself. Blease pud mi names in pig leddors, dot vill allow nb nice and purdy. You no how it VI13 niysilf. 1 make id all ridt mit you. Yous, Hans Schneider. AND YOUNQ FOLK'S COKNEK. a''"' '""^ "^«'i' -^"1 exchange for pure-bred Pigs, Fowls, or good Milch Cows. Price S'oO Address MONTVUE POULTRY YARDS, BrooklandviUe, Md. Co^^f Si? ^■^^^^'^^■^■T'^'^'^} ""'^ Brahma c^kerels, or four hens;Henr^H?tJ?s?°°^^Xr'^"- ' '''" '"'''■ ' !-'»" ^-^-^ J. E. LLOYD, Richmond Market, Baltimore, Md. ..TJ^^ ^^^^^^*^^--^^°''"' --^"SO" Eabbits, for Fancv Pig- eons, and one White Leghorn cockerel, for a Silver Duckwing" Game Bantam cockerel. Address LESTER G. BIRDSEY, Box 72, Meriden, Ct. »r,T*V^^?'^^"~^'' exchange for White and Partridge Cochin cockerels r^Wp?^»h ■^ f " 7'=1^"<". o°e Dark Brahma, one White Leghorn, and Golden Sebright cockerels. Must be good. Address CHRIST. HALTEMAN, North Main Street, Dayton Ohio Binding for Journal of 1874 is now ready (see advertise- ment elsewhere). Fanciers wishing their Journal bound in good shape, will do well to mail them to this office Postao-e one cent for every two ounces. The name of subscriber wiU be stamped on the cover, free, when requested WHL, EXCHANGE.-A Novelty Printing Press, as good as new for very fine fancy pigeons. Also, one very fine pair of Shepherd pups out of imported stock, for fine fancy pigeons. Address ^^ pupa, E. S. ELLWANGER, Rochester, N. T. N^^'i^o^ B^!P"*''',***^,'T^H™" '='^f=' fi'"^ Aylesburv Drakes, for a No, 1 Dark Brahma cockerel, for breeding. Must be No i . '"^ "^ H. N. WHEELER, Mystic River, Conn. Will, EXCHANGE — One Guinea pig doe, for one buck full grown. One young Black Carrier hen, for one Trumpetei hen .Id'dress THEO. HEINEK, Harrisburg, Pa. ,,^?A^ „^„T?„ K , . ^ ™'5; ?°'' S^^'^ bag; one hand bracket- saw, to be used for bracket sawing, with patterns ; and one trout basket for Brown Leghorns, Setter, Pointer, oi- Cocker Spaniel dog or other good fowls. Address A. BEALES, SO Broadwav, N. Y CUy ADVEBTisEMENTS inlTd'al M 'ceSts pel'Une ofL"','^^^' interesting to Fanciers, will be count as one word of twelve words, each number or initial will ^" six mSl!!!:z:::;;:::: i2Kper_pent. discount. " nine months -ri^ ,, , " twelve months ...'.'.'.'.'.'.!'.'.] go " " CHANGED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. heavy discount's wm no°t bJ^made "'Excf » "'' W". .otherwise the above must be accompanied It^liZ^, fot^^clTaTd 'eVryln's^er^LT.-^''' ^°"^ „,^'^J'=^*'HA^GE— Biff , Cochin hens, Partridge Cochin hens, or Rouen Ducks-lor Hamburgs, Black .Spanish, Black Cochins, Creve- Cffiurs, La Fleche. Fowls to be first-class as mine are C. N. BROWN, Unadilla Forks, Otsego Co., N. Y. fi3?l^■^*'"^l?*','^^~?°'"' Aylesbury drakes (Warner's stock) for first-class segars. Black Cochins, or Golden Sebright Bantams 0. N. BROWN, Unadilla Forks, Otsego Co., N. Y. w^i^p i^-^^"w?*',*^—°.°'' *"° Black-Breasted Red Games, for ^.^'\Cochiiis Light Brahmas, Lop-eared Rabbits, or Partridge Cochins CnlZ^ r '"*■ 7" '^^'^hange eggs from Dark Bmhmas and Partr dge Cochins for eggs of the same from a diflferent strain """ge ^'^^^^^^ C. N. NYE, Angelica, N. Y. WIEE EXCHANGE.-Two pairs of Ruff Necks, one pair Black Tnrh t^ ^A^'K-^f "''' '"=° f^ll"" 't''" ^<^^' ^eHow, ir Black-wfnged luibits. My birds are very choice, the same are wanted ^Address F. H. SCHWARTZ, BernviUe P. 0., Berks Co., Pa- TO EXCHANGE.-Buffand White Cochin cockerels Dark Brahma a'/^ • °°5^'.° pullets. Stock must be first-class, as mine is such Address immediately C. M. BOYNTON, Box Gioi Concord, NH lo?'*?-'^'^*'?'^-'^**^ — ^0"'' Pu'lets and one rooster, Dark Brahmas late birds, not choice, but from good stock— for anvtbing but live stock Whatofi-ers? Address LADY, 39 N. Nintyst°^hUaddphla FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHAl^GE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, FEBEUARY 4, 1875. No. 5. PodLTF(Y DEpy^F^TN^NT- (For Fiiuciers' Journal.) WEST PENNA. POULTRY EXHIBITION". Thk foiirtli Anmml Exliihitioii of this Society which hits just closed, showed thiit the interest in fine poultry and pet stock is not waning in the western portion of the State. The regular entries numbered 476, while the specials swell- ed the number to over 1000. The entry and coop fees in the Asiatic class, were more than double what they were last year, which had the effect to greatly lessen the number of birds on exhibition, but the quality was correspondingly improved ; few poor birds were shown. The $50 special offered for best trio of Light Brah- mas was won by chicks, bred by I. K. Felch and exhibited and owned by S. H. Cook, of JIcDonald Stulion, Pa. A splendid trio was exhibited for this premium, by Philander Williams; and so elo.se was the competition, that only the sharpest figuring could decide between them. Mr Williams also sent two fine pairs additional to the exhibition. His stock maintains its popularity in this section, and his birds have always found a ready sale at the close of our shows. West Pennsylvania was well represented in the contest for this special, by a very fine trio of chicks exhibited by C. B. Elben, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. The western part of the State showed some very fine Light Brahmas, and had not those from a distance been unusually good, they would have been beaten by our home-bred stock. We hope to do even bettor next year. The show of Darks was ([uite good, and the judging was in the main very fair, though if the judges had been less afraid of the reddis>i tinge in the backs of the cockerels, which by the way is recognized in the revised standard, they would have made better awards in one or two cases. Two very tine cockerels mated with splendid pullets, were altogether passed by on this account. The cockerel of the first premium pair was a 12 pound bird with excellent comb, and beautifully colored on the back, but was slightly mottled on the breast. The pullet with which he was mated, was one of the very best in the h ouse. The cockerel of second premium pair wag fine in symme- try, and good in leg-feathering and color of breast. He was too nearly straw color on the back for a first-class bird, and the pullet with which he was mated, was rather indifferent. The third premium cockerel was good in color, but each wing was not in symmetry. The pullot, however, was very fine. The best cockerel of the breeder who showed this pair mated with beautiful pullets, were passed without notice on account of a reddi.sh tinge on the back. For the same rea- son, the pair which contained the special premium pullet failed to win anything as a pair, though the cockerel was a beautiful bird, and will no doubt breed excellent pullets. As will be noticed from the premium list, Mr. Miller took first, second and third, on fowls. These awards were in the main correct, and except that his verj' best pair took noth- ing, for the same reason that his best cockerels, and that of Mr. Shannon, were unnoticed. .'' The show of Cochins was rather meagre, though the birds were generally very good. The Dorkings were present in larger numbers and in better ciuality than usual. The Polands turned out well and showed good birds. A reporter of one of the dailies remarked that " they were nice birds, but he did'nt like the way they wore their hair.'' The general admiration which they elicited, however, showed that the reporter did not represent public sentiment. The French fowls, Plymouth Rocks and Dominiques, though showing some good specimens, were not numerous. These classes do not seem to be growing in popular favor in this region, to the extent that was anticipated in view of their excellent qualities. The Games were very numerous, in great variety, and cpiite good. The first prize pair of B. B. R. fowls exhibited by T. A. Winfield, of Hubbord, Ohio, was worthy of special mention. Some chicks exhibited by same breeder, were not only the best on exhibition, but were very fine. Hamburgs were plentiful and good. Leghorns were mod- erate in quantity, and good in quality. The display of Turkeys was excellent. The largest Bronze weighed 41 pounds before lejiving home, and it is said that •some time since he turned the scale at 46 pounds. He and his mate were both well marked. The largest Turkey hen (Bronze) weighed 21 pounds before leaving home. She was very fine indeed. Those taking first and special as best pair of Bronze Turkeys were young ones. They were finely marked and very large; the male bird weighing before he was shipped 87J pounds, which, for a last spring's bird, is hard to excel. White, Black, Buft", and wild Turkeys were also on exhi- bition. Quite a number of wild Geese and Brant were shown, and these were so very much alike, that it was hard for the judges to decide between them, and besides they had no 66 FANCIBES' JOTJENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. standard to guide them in their awards. The show of tame Geese was very small indeed. Evidently the Goose fever is not raging violently in this portion of the State. The show of Ducks was quite good. For particulars in this department, see the premium list. In the pet stock department the advance over former years was quite marked. Bantams were not only much more nu- merous than ever hefore, but very much better birds were shown than heretofore. The judging in the B. B. K. Game Bantam class, by a noted Game breeder, was extremely severe, though doubtless just; so that although there were a considerable number of entries of fowls, but one premium was awarded, and that, a second. In young birds, first, second, and third premi- ums were awarded to chicks which well deserved all they received. If the same severity had been exercised in judg- ing some other classes, with which, however, this breeder was not so well acquainted, the list of awards would have been considerably shortened. The show of Pigeons was large, and the birds excellent. The largest exhibitors in this class were C. M. Shively, R. P. Shannon, T. A. Winfield, and C. B. Elben. Song Birds, Monkej's, Parrots, Ferrets, Cats, Dogs, Eab- bits, all had their special admirers, and added to the interest of the exhibition. The most interesting feature of the exhibition, to large numbers of visitors was the show of Fish by Fred. Mather. He illustrated and kindly explained to the crowds of visitors the process of fish culture, and exhibited Trout of all sizes, from those just hatching from the egg, up to four years old. He also showed California Salmon, Graylings, and other varieties of fish of all sizes and ages. If poultry societies generally, knew how much it would add to the interests of their shows, and increase the profits, the Bervices of Mr. Mather would be in great demand during the exhibition season. West Pennsylvania. (For Fanciers' Journal.) POINTS OF EXCELLENCE FOR PLYMOUTH ROCXS. This fine fowl is large in size, very hardy, and easy to raise. As layers and mothers they are about equal to the Brahma, but the hens are not so much inclined to broodi- ness. In point of size they are not yet equal to the Brahma or Cochin, but the capacity or susceptibility for development is in the blood. Well directed efforts continued for a few years, with a view to increasing the size, will bring them fully abreast of the Asiatics. The Plymouth Rock is a larger bird than its appearance would indicate. The plu- mage is hard and compact— more after the style of the Game — while the Asiatic, owing to the fluffiness of plu- mage, is not as large as it looks. Size, here, cannot be judged by the eye alone— at least not until some familiarity and practice with the breed has educated the eye to estimate weight from appearance. THE COCK. Comb. — Single, fine, rather small, perfectly straight, up- right, with well-defined serrations, and entirely free from side sprigs. Bea^.- Yellow ; short and stout at base, taper- ing to the point. Head. — Medium size, carried well up. .Eyfis.— Large, bright, quick, and clear. Ear-lobe.— Red. Wattles.— Medium size, and well rounded at lower edge. iVecA.— Medium length, neatly tapered, and well hackled. Breast. — Very broad, deep, and full. Body. — Very square, and compactly built. Back. — Very broad. Wings. — Me- dium size ; carried well up ; bow and tip covered by breast and saddle feathers. Tail. — Well developed (in contradis- tinction from a Brahma or Cochin tail), carried tolerably upright, inclining to spread out laterally; sickle feathers well developed, but not much exceeding the quill feathers in length. Thigh. — Very large and strong. Legs. — Me- dium length, stout and bony; set well apart; entirely free from feathering ; bright yellow in color. Feet. — Four-toed, stout, and strong. Color of Plumage.— D&rk or light steel- gray all over, and free from splashes of red, white, or black in any part of plumage. Carriage and Appearance. — Very upright, noble, and grand. THE HEN. Comb. — Single, small, low in front, erect, free from twists, with small, evenly-marked serrations. Beak. — Yel- low, small, and tapering to the point. Head. — Small, and very neat. Eyes. — Very bright and clear. Ear-lobe. — Red. Wattles. — Small, and well rounded. Neck. — Rather short, and finely tapered. Breast. — Very full and broad. Back. — Broad, the neck feathering flowing well over the shoulders, and saddle feathers quite full. Wings. — Full medium ; bow and tip well covered with breast and saddle feathers. Tail. — Small, carried upright, and rather pointed. Legs. — Short, standing well apart, free from feathering, and bright yellow. Toes. — Four in number ; straight and strong. Plumage. — A fine rich Dominique, fitting close and com- pactly to the body, and evenly marked all over as possible. Carriage and Appearance. — Active and pleasing. POINTS. Size 25 Symmetry 20 Color of plumage, 20 Head, 6 Comb 10 Tail, 5 Leg, 6 Condition, 10 100 DISQUALiriCATIONS. Deformity of any kind ; birds not mated in pens ; feath- ers on legs, or legs any other color than yellow ; cock show- ing reddish or broken-colored hackle, wing, or saddle feathers. Lopped or crooked combs very objectionable. Size is here intentionally rated high, as this is of more importance than coloring of plumage. The details of de- scription and the scale of points will be found to differ some- what from the new standard. The attention of the sub- committee for the revision of the standard for this breed is respectfully called to the above. If they make no other alterations, they certainly should not require us to breed Plymouth Rocks with tails "carried horizontally." A. M. DiCKiB, M.D. CENTRAL POULTRY ASSOCIATION OF PENNSYLVANIA. [Imlrudion. — Full address given only once. When no State is given it in the State where the show is held. If a premium is omitted it is not awarded.] Light Brahmas — Fowls, 2d, C. Shorner, Tamaqua. Chicks, 1st, O. H. Moore, Tamaqua ; 2d, C. Shorner. Dark Brahmas— Fowls, 1st, P. P. Haas, Tamaqua. Chicks, 1st, Robert Derby, Summit Hill. Buff Cochins— Fowls, 2d, P. W. Kiofaber, Girardville. Chicks, 1st, E. P. Day, Hazleton ; 2d, S. B. Graeff. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 67 Partridge Cochins— Fowls, Ist, E. 8. Wheatley, Tama- qiiii. Oliioks, Idt, Jolin Hendricks, Tbmaquu; 2d, 0. Shor- 1 White Coeliina— Chicles, 1st, C. Shornor ; 2d, O. U. Moorc!. HIiR'k Cocliins — Chicks, Ist and 2d, C. Sliorner. 13. IJ. K. (jiinics — Fowls, 1st, J. L. Bowmiin, AInhunoy City. Chicles, 1st, J. L. Buwiiian ; 2d, E. P. Day. Brown Red Games — Chicks, Ist, T. I). Boone, Tnmmnia, Blue Pile Games— Chicks, 1st and lM, E. P. Day. Whit» Pile Games — Chicks, 1st, E. P. Day. Red Pile Games — Chicks, 2d, E. P. Day. Spangled Red" Game— Chicks, Ist, W. Sini- monds, Hazlcton. White-faced Black Spanish — Fowls, Ist, C. Shorner ; 2d, .Iiilin F. Housor, Tamaqua. White Lei^liorns — Fowls, 1st, Jno. Hendricks. Chicks, lat and 2d Jno. Hendricks. Brown Leghorns — Chicks, Ist, John Hendricks; 2d, E. P. Day. Black Leghorns — Chicks, Ist, A. N. Ruub, Lock Haven. Hoiidans— Fowls, 1st, A. Reeves, Summit Hill; 2d, E. S. SoUiday, Tamaqua. Chicks, 1st, John Hendricks; 2d, L. Bocam, Pottsvillo. B. B. R. Game Bantams— Chicks, 1st, T. D. Boone; 2d, John F. Honser, Tamaqua. Golden Duckwing — 1st, John Hendricks. Silver Duckwing — 1st, John Houser. Silver Sebright— 1st, John Houser ; 2d, 0. H. Moore. Black Af- rican— 1st, Thos. Brown, Summit Hill. Golden Sebriglit — 1st, C. Shorner; 2d, John Houser. White (smooth-legs) — 1st, H. Ray, Tamaqua; 2d, T. D. Boone. White (feather- legged) — 1st, John F. Houser; 2d, Fred. SoUiday. Frizzlies— 1st, W. F. MuUer, Schuylkill. Black Malay Game Chicks— 1st, E. P. Day. S. S. Hamburgs— Fowls ,1st, E. J. Fry. Chicks, 1st, E. J. Fry. S. P. Hamburgs — Chicks, 1st, John Hendricks; 2d, E. J. Fry. Plymouth Rocks— Fowls, 1st, A. N. Raub. Chicks, 1st, A. N. Raub. Bronze Turkeys — 1st, John Hendricks ; 2d, John Houser. Buff — 1st, John Houser. White — 1st, John Houser. Slate or Blue — 1st, John Houser. Black — 1st, Samuel Endy. Gray — 1st, Samuel Endy. Pearl Guineas — 1st, John A. Shoemaker. Toulouse Geese — 1st, John Hendricks; 2d, S. B. Graeff. Bremen Gee.se — 1st and 2d, S. B. Graeff. Aylesbury Ducks — 1st, O. II. Moore; 2d, C. Shorner. Rouen Ducks — 1st, John Hendricks. Specials — No. 1. Best collection Asiatics, C. Shorner. 2. Best collection Games, E. P. Day. 3. Best collection Hamburgs, E. J. Pry. 4. Best collection Bantams, John F. Houser. 5. Oddest fowl, John F. Houser. 6. Best Buff Cochin chicks, E. P. Day. 7. Best Black Spanish fowls, C. Shorner. 8. Best White Cochin chicks, C. Shorner. 10. Best pair Houdans, John Hendricks. 11. Best S. S. Ham- burgs, E, J. Fry. 12. Best Duckwing Bantams, John Hen- dricks. 13. Best .Silver Sebright Bantams, John Houser. 14. Best B. B. R. Game Bantams, T. D. Boone. IG. Best White Leghorn chicks, John Hendricks. 17. Best White Leghorn cock, John Hendricks. 18. Best Light Brahma cock, C. Shornor. 10. Best ducks, J. Hendricks. 21. Best Toulouse geese, J. Hendricks. 22. Best Bremen geese, S. B. Graeff. 23. Best Rouen ducks, John Hendricks. 24. Best Aylesbury ducks, O. H. Moore. 26. Best Brown Leg- horn chicks, John Hendricks. 27. Best heaviest fowl, P. P.Haas. 28. Best Buff Cochin fowl, P. W. Kiefaber. 29. Best Houdan cock, E. S. Soliday. 30. Best Lop-eared rab- bits, John Houser. 31. Best stutTed birds and animals, J. B. Lindenmuth. 32. Best Partridge Cochin hen, E. S. Wheatley. 33. Best Houdan hen, J. Hendricks. 34. Best collection of pets, John F. Houser. 38. Best collection common fowls, Jolin F. Houser. 39. Heaviest Buff Cochin cockerel, P. W. Kiefaber. 20. Collection of turkeys, Jno. F. Houser. 40. Best Angora rabbits, John F. Houser. 41. Best Light Brahma fowls, C. Shorner. 42. Best Bronze turkeys, J. Hendricks. 43. Best White Leghorn fowls, J. Hendricks. 44. Best Partridge Cochin fowls, E. Wheatley. 45. BestB. B. R. Game fowls, J. L. Bowman. Best Lop- eared buck, and best Lop-eared doe, J. Houser. Best collec- tion of rabbits, John Houser. Best pair Guinea Pigs, John Houser. Best Gray squirrel*, John Houser. Best Ferret*, J. L Bowman. Best White mice, J. F. Houser. Be»t Black CJocliin hen, C. Shorner. Beet Dark Brnhma cock, P. P. Haas. Best Java sparrow, Charles SlclfoT. Best Houdan hen, J. Hendricks. Best Buff Cochin hen, O. H. Moore. Largest, most varied, and most valuable collection of fancy fowls, John Hendricks. I'lOKOXS. -Lst, B. F. Lewis. Pouters, Isabella— 1st, B. F. Lewis. Blue Pied, Ist John F. Houser. Carriers— Black, 1st, John F. Houser. Blue— Ist, W. P. Atkinson, Erie, Pa. Dun— 1st, E. P. Day. White— 1st, John F. Houser. Tumblers, Black— 1st, B. F. Lewis. Mottled- let, W. P. Atkinson. Splashed— 1st, A. N. Raub. Inside— 1st, B. F. Lewis. Baldhead— Ist, W. P. Atkin. Yellow— Ist, VV. P. Atkinson. Red— lat, A. N. Raub. Highflyer- lit, A, N. Raub. Fantails, Black-Crested— 1st, A. N. Raub. Black, Smooth-head— 1st, A. N. Raub. White— 1st, J. Houser. Mottled— 1st, B. F. Lewis. Jacobins, Black— 1st, John F. Houser. White— Ist, J. P. Houser. Red— 1st, B. F. Dewis. Yellow— 1st, W. P. Atkinson. Archangels— 1st, I! F. Lewis. Runts— Ist, W. P. At- kinson. StarlingQuakers- 1st, A. N. Raub. Red Starling Quakers— 1st, >V. P. Atkinson. Black Starling Quakers— 1st, W. P. Atkinson. Turbits, White— 1st. A. N. Raub. Black-tail— Ist, W. P. Atkinson. Redwing— 1st, W. P. Atkinson. Black- wing— 1st, A. N. Raub. Blue-wing— 1st, E. P. Day. Magpies, Black— 1st, B. F. Lewrs. Blue— 1st, E. P. Day. Red— 1st, E. P. Dav. Trumpeters, Yellow— 1st, A. N. Raub. Black Mottled— 1st, W. P. Atkinson. Nuns, Black — 1st B. F. Lewis. Helmets, Black— 1st, A. N. Raub. Red- 1st, W. P. At- kinson. Yellow — 1st, A. N. Raub. Owls, Blue— 1st, A. N. Raub. Antwerps, Blue — 1st, W. P. Atkinson.- Barbs, Black— 1st, W. P. Atkinson. Red— 1st, W. P. Atkinson. Ring-necked Doves — 1st, John Houser. Dutchies, White— 1st, B. P. Lewis. Mottled— 1st, B. F. Lewis. Best collection Pouters, John F. Houser. Best collection Carriers, W. P. Atkinson. Best collection Tumblers, W. P.Atkinson. Best collection Fantails, John Houser. Best collection Jacobins, W. P. Atkinson. Best and most var- ied collection of fancy pigeons, W. P. Atkinson. Specials — No. 35. Best pair Black Carrier pigeons, John Houses. 36. Best pair Jacobins, B. F. Lowis. 37. Best collection fancy pigeons. W. P. Atkinson. THE SANGAMON SHOW. I.tST OF AWARHS. The display was good. Asiatics were well represented. There were several choice coops of Light Brahmns, one coop especially attracted much attention, that belonged to F. Richardson. The cockerel was a magnificent specimen, and would go near ninety-five points. We understood that $100 had been refused for this bird. Dark Brahmas were [ well represented; also, Huff and Partridge Cochins, there ' being many fine specimens of these varieties. Other classes were thinly represented, and yet there were several choice coops of Hamburgs, Games, Bantams, etc. But tho great attraction of the show was a fine coop which was made by I J. K. Biglow, of Springfield, and civst $110. This coop ! contained a choice trio of White-crested Black Polands. Mr. Biglow is making one of the best coops for exhibiting ; birds in that we have ever seen. As a general thing, the ' awards seemed to give satisfaction, and were .is follows : I Light Brahmas — Fowls, trio, 1st, F. Richardson, Spring- field, 111. : 2d, Springer & Bro., Springfield, 111 ; 3d, W. &. 68 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. Gilbert, Jacksonville, 111. Chicks, 1st, Springer & Bro. ; 2d, Holder & Leaton, Bloonaington, 111. Chicks, pair, 1st, Springer & Bro. ; 2d, Dr. Conley, of Harristown, 111. Best male, F. Kichardson ; 2d, Springer & Bro. ; 3d, Holder & Leaton. Best female, 1st, Springer & Bro. ; 2d, W. H. Gilbert; 3d, Holder & Leaton. Best Brahma cock, any breed, F. Kichardson. Dark Brahmas— Fowls, trio, 1st, W. H. Gilbert; 2d, J. S. Hilcher, Linden, 111. Chicks, 1st, J. S. Hilcher ; 2d, H. C. Pratt, Jacksonville ; 3d, Holder & Leaton. Male, 1st, H. C. Pratt; extra special on male, 1st, J. S. Hilcher. Female, 1st and 2d, Holder & Leaton ; 3d, W. H. Gilbert. Buff Cochins— Chicks, trio, 1st, Jas. M. Wills ; 2d, W. H. Gilbert; 3d, Holder & Leaton. Pair, 1st, W. H. Gil- bert; 2d, Jas. M. Wills. Male, 1st, Jas. M. Wills; 2d,W. H. Gilbert. Female, 1st, W. H. Gilbert; 2d, Jas. M. Wills. Partridge Cochins — -Fowls, trio, 1st, Holder & Leaton ; 2d, W. H. Gilbert. Chicks, 1st and 2d, Jas. W. Wills ; 3d, Holder & Leaton. Best pair, 1st, Jas. M. Wills; 2d, Hol- der & Leaton. Male, 1st, Jas. M. Wills ; 2d, Holder & Leaton. Female, 1st, Jas. M. Wills; 2d, Holder & Leaton. White Cochins— Fowls, trio, 1st, W. H. Gilbert ; 2d, J. H. Montgomery, Springfield, 111. Male, 1st, W. H. Gil- bert; 2d, J. H. Montgomery. Female, lst,W. H. Gilbert; 2d, J. H. Montgomery. S. G. Dorkings — Fowls, trio, 1st, 2d, and 3d, J. H. Mont- gomery. Male and female, 1st, J. H. Montgomery. G. S. Polands— Fowls, 1st, Jas. M. Wills. W. C. Black Polands — Fowls, trio, 1st, Holder & Leaton. Houdans — Chicks, trio, 1st, Jas. M.Wills. Crevecoeurs — Fowls, J. H. Shanklin, Virder, 111. La Fleohe— Chicks, trio, 1st, Jas. M. Wills. Brown Leghorns — Chicks, pair, 1st, • W. H. Gilbert. White— Chicks, trio, 1st, Jas. M. Wills; 2d, W. H. Gilbert. Male, 1st, Jas. M. Wills; 2d, W. H. Gilbert. Female, 1st, Jas. M. Wills ; 2d, W. H. Gilbert. Black Spanish — Chicks, trio, 1st, J. H. Montgomery. Male, 1st, J. H. Montgomery. Plymouth Rocks— Chicks, trio, lst,W. H. Gilbert. Male, 1st, W. H. Gilbert. Female, W. H. Gilbert. Dominiques — Chicks, trio, jat, Frank Gates, Virder, III. G. S. Hamburgs— Chicks, trio, 1st, Jas. M. Wills; 2d, Holder & Leaton. Male, 1st, Jas. M. Wills. Female, 1st, Jas. M. Wills. S. P. Hamburgs— Chicks, trio, 1st, W. B. Elliott, Springfield, 111. Best Hamburg male, 1st, W. B. Elliott. S. S. Hamburgs — lst,W. J. Foote, fine specimens; 2d, Frank Gates. Best male, 1st, W. J. Foote. Best fe- male, 1st, W. H. Gilbert. B. B. R. Games— Chicks, pair, lst,W. H. Gilbert ; 2d, Hol- der & Leaton. Male, 1st, W. H. Gilbert. Female, 1st, W. H. Gilbert. Duckwing — Chicks, pair, 1st, W. H. Gilbert. Best male.W. H. Gilbert. Female, W. H. Gilbert. Pile- Pair, 1st, W. H. Gilbert. Best male and female, W. H. Gilbert. Sumatra — Pair, 1st, W. H. Gilbert. Best male and female, W. H. Gilbert. G. S. Bantams — Chicks, trio, 1st, Holder & Leaton ; 2d, J. Perkins, Williamsville, 111. Best male, 1st, Holder & Leaton ; 2d, J. Perkins. Female, 1st, Holder & Leaton ; 2d, J. Perkins. Black— Chicks, 1st, J. Perkins. White— 1st, J. Perkins. Best Male, 1st, J. Perkins. B. B. R. Game Bantams— Fowls, 1st, W. H. Gilbert. Chicks— W. H. Gilbert ; 2d, Jas. M. Wills. Best male, 1st, W. H. Gilbert; 2d, Jas. M. Wills. Female, 1st, W. H. Gilbert ; 2d, Jas. M. Wills. White Holland Turkeys— 1st, Jas. M. Wills. Bronze- Fowls, 1st, J. Anderson, Springfield; 2d, Springer & Bro. Chicks, 1st, C. F. Mills, Springfield, 111 ; 2d, Springer & Bro. Bremen Geese — Jas. Anderson. Rouen Ducks — Trio, 1st, Holder & Leaton. Pair, 1st, Holder & Leaton. Female, 1st, Holder & Leaton. The attendance was not of the best. No man could find any one representing your valuable Journal. All publishers of poultry journals should have agents to represent them at our shows. Many were asking about the different journals. All in all, the show passed ott' harmoniously, and as this was our first, some allowances can be made. Jonathan. WHY I WANT TO CROSS LIGHT BRAHMAS. Your correspondent, Mr. Rumbold, says : " I cannot see why ' Novice,' or any one else, wants to cross Light Brah- mas for market or other purposes, for of all the fowls in my opinion nothing surpasses the pure-blooded Brahma for a market fowl." Now, 1 distinctly gave the reason in my question for desiring to cross Light Brahma hens, i.e., to pro- duce a fowl that would mature quickly, have bright yellow legs and skin. Mr. Rumbold says : "No large fowls mature so early as they do." Will Mr. R. tell us how much earlier they mature than Buff, Black, Partridge or White Cochins ? Again, he says, " Any cross deteriorates from size and beauty, and adds nothing as regards the production of eggs." Wright says on page 55, chap. 2, of the " Brahma Fowl : " " The first cross of the Brahma with the Dorking cock certainly produces truly magnificent fowls, the largest perhaps that have ever been reared. Chickens thus bred have been shown at six months, which weighed over eighteen pounds the couple." Again, R. says, "We would therefore say to 'Novice,' keep pure-bred fowls, they will prove more satisfactory to you, and in every respect do better than a mongrel stock." I would say for the benefit of Mr. R., that my experience with Light Brahmas extends as far back as the year 1860, and during that period I have bred some that have won premiums in high competition, and as a strictly "fancy" fowl consider them equal to the best, but cannot call them good market fowls for the following reasons : 1. As Peter Snooks says, in Burnham's " Hen Fever," " They are a singularly pic^wre-sjue fowl from the very shell ; imagine a crate full of lean plucked chickens taking leg bail for their liberty, and persevering around Faneuil Hall at the rate of five miles an hour, and you have an idea of their ex- tremely ornamental appearance," and Snooks might have added that up to the age of six months they are lean, lank, tasteless fodder. 2. They are remarkable for producing bone, and as re- markable for producing "offal," not a desirable merit in a market fowl. 3. "A peculiarly well-developed faculty in this extraordi- nary fine breed of domestic fowls is that of eating. They are not fastidious or particular about what they eat; they will eat wheaten bread rather than want. They are amazingly fond of corn, especially a good deal of it," which makes them rather costly when considered from the market side of the question. To sum up then, for a market fowl the Light Brahma is too slow in feathering and filling up its immense frame, being too long lean and skinny to kill until five or six months old ; being great eaters when compared with Leg- horns or Hamburgs; have too much offal to please the con- sumer ; are inveterate sitters ; and no better egg-producers than the Dominique Leghorn and several other varieties. Yours, etc., Manchester, N. H., December, 29, 1874. NoviOE. FIRST EXHIBITION OF THE PHILADELPHIA PIGEON AND POULTRY ASSOCIATION. The above exhibition came off in the Assembly Build- ing, in this city, December 17th to the 23d, inclusive. As an exhibition it was a decided success, there being a large display of very fine birds, mostly owned by the members of the Association. Financially the show was a failure. This PANOIBRS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 69 mny bo traced, in a moasuro, to the fact that the managers were unknown to the fancy outside of the city, and proper measures wore not taken to secure a good attendance of fanciers from other jjlaces, wliich is always desirable. Al- though finiuiciHlly a failure, every premium and all debts wore prom])tly paid before the hall was closed, and every- thing passed off with the best of feeling. The judging was not as satisfactory as it might have been, either to the man- agers or exhibitors. Wo arc indebted, for the following re- port, to Mr. M. H. Cryer, now of this city. I'lQBONS. — All shown in pairs. lied Pouters. — Pen No. 116, owned by Mr. John Yew- dall, 2416 Spring Garden Street, Philadelphia, won first, and a fine pair they were, especially the cock. Uhio Pouters. — Mr. \Vm. Livesey, of Germantown, got the first prize, but, in my opinion, they were beaten by the second prize birds, exhibited by Mr. J. C. Long, 'i'J North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. Black Carriers. — Mr. Yewdall took first with a fine pair of old birds. Mr. Scattergood, Treasurer of the Associa- tion, showed a very fine pair of young birds. The hen is hard to beat for her age, and, according to my fancy, was the best bird in the show. Dun Carriers — Three entries, Mr. John Thompson, of Philadelphia, getting first on a very stylish pair. Blue Carriers. — The first in this class was also carried off by Mr. Thompson, with a very strong pair. Almond Tumblers. — The first was taken by a very choice pair, exhibited by Mr. "VVm. Wister, President of the State Society. Mr. J. C. Long exhibited three pairs of extra-fine birds, but they were not well matched. Inside Tumblers. — Mr. Ed. Fling, of this city, exhibited a very fine pair. The ben, being placed in a common felt hat, made several complete tumbles, without being able to get out. Mr. Fling has made a specialty of these birds for years, and has, no doubt, the best collection in this country, at this time. For some cause or other he received no prize for the above pair. Black Barbs. — Pen 182. No prize given, although a good pair. The cock was not so good in the eye, which was probably the reason the judges passed them over, although they gave first to a pair no better. White Barbs.— No. 184, second ; No. 90, third. No first was given. I should have given them first and second. Blue Owls.— Mr. Charles Freeman, 2112 Apple Street, showed an extra fine pair, winning first. Silver Owls. — Second and third prize given, although the birds wore not fine. White Owls.— Mr. John Parker, 502 North Eleventh Street, showed two pairs (157 and 160). His No. 157 re- ceiving first, and 160, second. I should have reversed this judgment. We regret that Mr. Parker had been confined by sickness, otherwise he would have been a larger exhib- itor— not only here, but he had intended exhibiting some forty pairs at Doylestown. Ked Jacobins.— Edward Fling took both first and second, although 1 think his second premium birds were the best. Yellow Jacobins.— Mr. William Scattergood took first, and Mr. Fling second. In this case, I should have reversed the judgment. In Blacks Mr. Wm. Scattergood took first and second. As a class, the Jacobins were too large ; and, in the colored varieties, there was scarcely a pair but what 1 were foul in the head. Yellow-winged Turbit«. — Mr. Tomlinson, first; Mr. Long, second. In my opinion Mr. Long wan entitled to the first. In Red-wing Turbits No. 164 took firat, and 142 (Mr. Long's) second. Again, I should have given the re- verse. Fantails — as usual, were shown in the same sized coops as Tumblers, Owls, Barbs, etc. This has been complained of so often, that we are surprised that the managers do not supply larger coops for those birds, and give them a fair chance to display their (jualilies. These remarks will also apply to Pouters and Carriers. The Fantails, as a class, wore good, but the small size of the cages made the judging diflicult. Swallows. — Mr. Scattergood exhibited the finest pair of Blues I have ever seen in this country; but, for some rea- son, no premium was given to them. In Blacks, No. 21 was given third, no first or second being awarded, which I could not understand, as they were better birds than the Reds in coops 22 and 2a, which got first and second. In Yellows Mr. Scattergood received first on a pair not so good as his Blues, which were passed over. Mr. Thomas Sholes, of Philadelphia, showed a pair of large German pigeons, which were blue all over, having no wing bars as usual in blue pigeons. POULTRY. Dark Brahmas. — Only one coop shown. Young birds, owned by Mr. J. C. Long. Light Brahmas. — Eleven coops in all. Mr. William H. Kern, of Philadelphia, took first and second prizes with coops 36 and 37, which are nearer to ray idea of what a Light Brahma should be, than an}' I have before seen. Mr. Kern should be — and I have no doubt is — proud of them. They would be diflicuU to beat at any of our first-class shows. Games. — In Black-Breasted Reds there was only one en- try. They received first premium, although the cock ought to have been disqualified. In Duckwings Benjamin Mann & Brother, of Haddonfleld, New Jersey, took first and sec- ond on good, fair birds. Coop No. 27 got a prize, although the legs of the birds did not match, the cocks being yellow, and the hen's willow. In Brown Reds there was only one entry. They took first, although they would have passed equally well for Ginger Red, and the cock had a wry tail. Houdans. — C. Crozior Griffith, Upland, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, showed three coops, all good birds. Partridge Cochins, — Only five pens shown, Benjamin Mann & Brother taking first. J. C. Long, Jr. showed an extra fine cockerel. White Cochins. — Five entries, Messrs. Mann & Brother taking first and second. Black-Breasted Red Game Bantams. — Mr. J. C. Long, Jr., took first with a good pair. Mr. Thomas Shole second. Pile Game Bantams. — Messrs. Benjamin Mann & Bro. took first. Their entry (No. 9) was entitled to second, but received no award. These were the best Pile Bantams I have seen since the big show at New York, in 1870. Duckwing Game Bantams. — Two entries, to which first and second wore given, although I think they had too much white in their breasts to be entitled to first and second. Mr. J. C. Long, Jr. showed two pairs of good Lop-eared Rabbits. It was ditfioult to get the owner's names, as very few were to be found on the coops. I do not know who the judges wore, but I do not think they were men who read and keep posted, otherwise they were very careless, or wil- fully gave premiums to men, instead of birds. If societies expect to be successful, and make good shows, they must secure the services of judges who have the ability and the will to place the prizes where they belong. Truly yours, M. H. Crter, 70 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. L^:> BLACK LEGHORNS. One of the most pertinent inquiries as to this breed of fowls is, " Can they be bred true to the requirements of the standard ? " If not, is the standard right or wrong? Some doubts seem to have arisen on this subject, and they are not without reason. In the first place it can hardly yet be said that the Blaolt Leghorn is a distinctive breed. In no case that we know of have they produced their like without considerable variation. It would be unsafe to say that more than sixty per cent, will eorae true to color. Straw colored, and often red feathers will appear in the hackles of the cocks, and brown feathers in the neck hackle of the hens, while both cocks and hens will sometimes have a white feather in the wing, or be slightly tipped with white on the ends of the flight feathers or the tail. This defect, we believe, will in time be remedied by careful selection and breeding, but it will necessarily take time. "We have reached a point in the breeding of Black Spanish when a foul feather as re- gards color is something almost unheard of, and in due time if proper care be exercised, we have no doubt the same can be accomplished with Black Leghorns. As to the coloring of the legs of Black Leghorns, the standard is evidently a little astray. So far in the experi- ence of the writer he has never yet seen one with a pure yellow leg. The legs of the best bred Black Leghorns are really a greenish yellow. Whether it is desirable to have them so or not is, of course, another matter. As to the merits of this breed, they certainly hold their own with the other varieties of Leghorns. A friend who has been breeding both Browns and Blacks for the past year, claims the Blacks to be superior in laying qualities to the Browns. Of course it would, however, be unsafe to de- cide the comparative merits of the two on an individual case. A word of suggestion as to the manner of breeding these fowls : we hope that the elTort to breed them true to mark- ings may not be abandoned. They possess decided merits which cannot be overlooked ; and, while possibly in the eyes of some the white may be the more beautiful, in the estima- tion of others, the clear out markings of black plumage, white earlobes, and brilliant red combs and wattles, are more pleasing, and the advantages which they possess in small unsodden yards are undeniable. Those who breed them, however, should be cautious that they breed from no foul marked birds ; all with red earlobes, bad shape, or imperfect coloring of feather, in fact with any objectionable points, should he rigidly rejected and discard- ed from the breeding pen. First of all, color should be secured; when this is once firmly established, then it will be time to give special attention to size. We have not any doubt that the size can be much increased, but size without proper coloring would not produce the bird to be sought for. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir: Inclosed please find the list of awards of the Yates County Poultry Club. The show was poorly attended, and not a success financially. The cause was small-pox ex- citement. The show of fowls was not large, but remarkably good. AWARD OF PREMITTMS. Dr. S. Lott, Bellona, Light Brahma fowls, 1st ; chicks, 1st and 2d. Dark Brahma fowls, 1st ; chicks, 1st and 3d. Bufi" Cochin fowls, 2d ; chicks, 1st and 2d. Partridge Cochin fowls, 1st and 3d ; chicks, 1st. White Cochin fowls, 1st ; chicks, 1st and 2d. 21 specials. Dr. G. M. Barber, Benton, Dark Brahma fowls, 2d. Partridge Cochin fowls, 2d ; chicks, 2d, 3d, and 4th. Brown Leghorn fowls, 1st ; chicks, 1st and 2d. 3 specials. H. L. Pelton, Penn Yan, Light Brahma chicks, 3d. Bufi" Cochin fowls, 1st. White Leghorn fowls, 1st; chicks, 1st. Dominique Leghorn fowls, 1st ; chicks, 1st. Black Spanish fowls, 1st ; chicks, 1st. White Dorking chicks, 1st. G. S. Hamburg fowls, 1st; chicks, 1st. S. S. Hamburg fowls, 1st. G. Polish fowls, 1st ; chicks, 1st. S. Polish chicks, 1st. Black Bed Game fowls, 1st; chicks, 1st and 2d. B. B. Game Bantams fowls, 1st. Golden Sebright fowls, 1st. Bronze turkeys, 1st. White China geese, 1st. Kouen Ducks, 1st. 20 specials. H. A. Hicks, Penn Yan, Dark Brahma chicks, 2d and 4th. Grades, 1st. 2 specials. C. T. Welch, Bellona White Bantams, 1st. 1 special. The four copies of Fanciers' Journal oflfered by you are to go to the following persons: H. A. Hicks, Penn Yan, N. Y. ; H. L. Pelton, Penn Yan, N. Y. ; Dr. G. M. Bar- ber, Benton, N. Y. ; Dr. S. Lott, Bellona, JST. Y. Yours, S. Lott, Secretary. Bellona, N. Y., January, 1875. PiqEOfl Dep^f^j|vie[\1j. MOORE'S WORK ON PIGEONS. (Continued from page 7.) by this means the sight of their habitation is intercepted, and many a good flight lost forever. A high wind will likewise drive them too far from home, so that, if they are not entirely lost, they may lie out all night, and so be exposed to the cats or various other acci- dents. Lastly. Never turn out your hen Tumbler when she is with egg, for, besides that she is at that time sick and unfit to fly, so likewise by her long flight she may drop her egg — an instance of which I have known — and so prevent the in- crease of your breed. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. li COLUMBA DOMESTICA LABRONIS sku PISARUM. The Legluirn Runt. The Leghorn Runt is a stately, large pigeon, seven inches or bettor in the logs, close feathored, and fast fleshed, ex- tremely broad-chested, and very short in the back. Ue carries his tail, when he walks, somewhat turned up like a duck; but when he plays, ho tucks it down. His neck is longer than any other pigeon, which he carries bending like a goose or a swan. He is goose-headed, and his eye lies hollow in his head, with a thin skin round it much like the Dutch Tumbler, but broader ; his beak is very short for so large a bird, with a small wattle on it, and the upper chap a little bending over the under. They are a very tender bird, and groat care ought to be taken of their 3'oung ones. I was offered seventeen shillings for a single cock, and Sir Dolbey Thomas would have given mo a guinea and a half for the same bird. There are few true original ones of this breed in England ; and, if matched to a Spanish Runt, they will breed a very large pigeon, closer in flesh and feather than the Spanish Runt, and will breed much faster. I have killed of their young ones, which, when on the spit, were full as largo as middling spring fowls ; where note that these, and all other runts, increase in their bulk till they are three or four years old. As to their feather, they are various, but the best that I have seen were either black or red mottled. There is a vast difference in these birds, and I have seen very bad ones, that have been brought from Leghorn, little better than a common runt; however, this is the genuine true description of the Leghorn Runt, which is more valued than any other sort of runts. This pigeon was originally bred either at Pisaain the Duke of Tuscany's dominions, or at Pisa) in Peloponesus, and from thence brought to Leghorn, and so transmitted to us; but I rather judge the latter, because it answers the description of the pigeon which Willoughby in his "Ornithology" calls " Columba Turcica seu Persica," the Turkish or Persian pigeon. COLUMBA DOMESTICA HISPANI.E. The Spanish R\mt. This pigeon, as may readily bo perceived by its name, comes originally from Spain ; and is the longest bodied of all pigeons ; I have seen them three and twenty inches long, from the apex of the beak to the extremity of the tail, they are thick and short legged, loose feathored, and loose tleshed, and do not walk erect as the Leghorn Runt does. There are of all feathers in this kind of bird, but being short-legged, are apt to sit too heavy upon their eggs, and by that moans break them ; to prevent which inconvenience, the best way is to put chalk eggs under them, and set their eggs under a pair of smaller runts or Pouting Horseman, which are more kindly breeders ; not forgetting to give your Span- ish Hunts a pair of young ones, at the time when they ought to hatch, that they may feed of their soft meat, which thoy always prepare against that time. I have seen a pigeon very much resembling the Spanish Runt, with longer legs, but I rather take these runts to come from Mexico, Peru, or some other parts of the Span- ish West Indies. COLUMBA DOMESTICA FRISL.E. The Frieslami Runt. This pigeon comes from Friesland, and is one of the larger sort of middle-sized runts ; its feathers stand all reverted, and I cannot Bee for what it can be admired except for iu ugliness. There are other sorts of runts, as the Roman Runt which is so big and heavy it can hardly fly ; and the Smyrna Runt, which is middle-sized and feather-footed. I have seen the feathers growing on tlie outside of each foot, that they look as if they carried wings on their feet, 1 have measured some of these feathers which have been four inches and a half long; these birds are very apt to drag their eggs and young ones out of the nest, if not kept clean and dry. To these we may add the common runt, which are kept purely for the dish, and generally in locker holes in inn yards or other places, and are well known to everybody; they are good feeders and therefore good nurses for any of the more curious sorts of pigeons. The following sorts of pigeons are generally deemed and called Toys by the gentlemen of the fancy. COLUMBA MACULATA. The Spot. This pigeon is about the size of a small runt, and was first tran.smitted to us from Holland, but from whence the origi- nal of this breed came, lean not as yet learn ; they have a spot upon their heads, just above their beak, and from thence take their name, the feathers of the tail are of the same color with the spot, and the rest of their body is all white. The spot and tail in some of these pigeons is black, in others red, in others yellow; and I have been informed that there are some blue ; they look pretty when they spread their tail and fly, and always breed their young ones of the same color. COLUMBA RIDENS. The Laugher. This pigeon is about the size of a middling runt, and much of the same make, and I am informed has a very bright pearl eye, almost white ; as for its feather, it is red mottled; and some tell me thej- have seen blues. They are said to come from the Holy Land near Jerusalem. When a cock plays to his hen he has a hoarse coo, not unlike the gurgling of a bottle of water, when poured out, and then makes a noise, which very much imitates a soft laughter, and from thence this bird has its name. COLUMBA TIBICEN. The Tntmpeter. The Trumpeter is a bird much about the size of a Laugher, and very runtishly made; they are generally pearl-eyed, black-mottled, very feather-footed and legged, turn crowned like the Nun, and sometimes like the Finnikin, but much larger, which I take to be the better sort, as being more melodious; but the best characteristic to know them, is a tuft of feathers growing at the root of the beak, and the larger this tuft is, the more they are esteemed. The reason of their name, is from their imitating the sound of a trumpet after playing ; though I once inquired of a German, who brought pigeons over to sell here, the reason of their being so called, and as he told me, he believed, was that they were first brought to Holland by a drummer or trumpeter, and so were called Trumpeters from him. Credat Juda^us Appela, let who will swallow this gudgeon. The more salacious they arc, the more they will trumpet; for which reason, if you have a mind to be often entertained with their melody, you must give them good store of hemp seed; otherwise they will seldom trumpet much, except in spring, when they are naturally more salacious than usual, tXo be couUaued.) 72 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. JANCIBRS' IJOUENAL ANdJoOULTEY rfrXCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Raub, Associate Editor. Publislied Weekly at 39 North Hinth Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " 2 50 Per Annum, Foreign Subscribers 3 54 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. ~ SPECIALTIES. Wk think that many beginners, as well as some amateurs who are " old enough to learn better," make a great mistake in purchasing so many kinds of fowls. We regard it as a source of great detriment to the real fancy. The unforseen trouble, expense, and annoyance involved cause many to sell out at a sacrifice in evident disgust. If you ask them why they did not make a specialty of their business, instead of trying to do so much in so short a time, with limited means and space, the substance of their reply would be similar to the remark of " Hans Schneider," who insisted on having his picture appear as representing a "noted preeder who untersthandts his pishness." He says, " I vas now preeding eleven varieties, eggscloosively of te 'bedigree' shtock, making a specialties of each kind." "We often receive cards and circulars of a similar charac- ter, to be noticed in the Journal, some of them offering as many as seventeen varieties, one or more of which are called specialties, though all, to hold out any inducement to pur- chasers, are supposed to receive especial care and attention, which cannot reasonably be expected in ordinary cases. Tet we admit that the one variety " called " a specialty, out of the number named in the list, is the one most likely to command the attention of some novices, and even amateurs who are similarly sitiiated, while a true and careful breeder would give the different breeds, so liable to mix, a wide berth. If breeders wish to take an honest stand in the fancy, so as to be among the first in position, let them select and carefully decide on the best variety for adaptation to their means and taste, and firmly exclude all others. Breed, and when necessary, cross with the best of the kind that can be obtained, employing in these selections all the talent, atten- tion, and space previously occupied by the various sorts "too numerous to mention." The individuals which do not breed stock creditable to the yards, should be, with their young, candidates for the dinner pot. Keep over none but the choicest, and never send out, at any price, inferior birds. Several yards will be necessary in order to keep the hens and pullets, cocks and cockerels separate (excepting such as are mated for breeding), as the old require different feed at times, since they are apt to get too fat to lay. All this thoughtful care will have its effect on the visitors to the yards, as well as on the additional credit and value of the stock and eggs sent out. "Who is there that would not prefer to order of a breeder who is careful enough to surely provide against accidental mixtures or mongrel stock, by confining his attention to a specialty, which he can, by the confidence thus gained, afford to extend to a mammoth scale, step by step? To those whose taste and means determine them to keep more than one variety, we would suggest the Asiatics, owing to their quiet habits, they seldom fly fences ; then the Ban- tams can also be kept, if necessary, in or near the same yards without fear of mixture. The owner of other sorts may never know of the accidents that happen during his absence. This reminds us to explain what we mean by the "unforseen trouble, expense and annoyance involved " where different sorts are kept, as many can testify from experience, who have repeatedly learned, when it was too late to repair the dam- age done, during a fight between two roosters of adjoin- ing pens, in which a pale had been displaced, so as to allow of the egress or ingress of the neighboring fowls, but which are the affected individuals, no one seems to know. Probably the keeper or attendant first discovered the accident, and rather than incur the displeasure and blame of the owner, he separates and replaces the fowls in their respective coops, repairs the fence, and thinks that " the less said to the mas- ter, the better." Now, where many fowls are kept, such accidents will frequently happen, unless the extensive fences which are required, are expensively built, yet, where any but the heavy and quiet Asiatics are raised, the flighty pro- pensities of such breeds as the Games, Hamburgs, and Leg- horns, will often surprise you, though you can only guess why your customers complain of your sending them eggs or stock that "breed nothing but mongrels," though you felt sure when you advertised them as "pure bred," that they were all right. We could call to mind more annoyance and extra expense that variety breeders suffer in this way, than could ever be covered by extra sales from additional breeds. PATENT SKLF-BINDEES. In response to numerous inquiries, we beg to announce that we are now prepared to furnish our patrons with a complete Self-Binder, holding from a single copy of the Jour- nal to an entire volume, each number can be inserted as received. They are in full cloth, embossed and' gilt side, being an ornament as well as a very great convenience. Price, $1.00. Address, Jos. M. Wade, 39 N. Ninth St., Philadelphia, THE POULTRY WORLD. The Poultry World for January, 1875, has an editorial in which it endeavors to convince its readers that the Fanciers' Journal intimates that " the friends " of the American Poul- try Association were the aggressors in the controversy rela- tive to the new standard, and remarks : " The course of that organ is so well known that we need say but little about it." Correct. That is just what is the matter; the course of the Journal is "so well known" that it is thoroughly and emphatically approved of by the best men in the fancy. The World also remarks: " "We happen to know that the plot to undermine the standard had its rise in one man." Ah I How about the fact that at the meeting, July 22d, 1874, that it was admitted " that the new standard was hurried to press without that care that should attend the publication of a work of so much importance?" Now, what was the necessity for such undue haste 7 "Was it eagerness to put the standard before the public, or for the dollar FANCIKRS" JOURNAL AND POULTRY BXCHANGK. 73 charged per copy? If wo judge from the above admission, together with other known facts, it really looks like the mighty dollar was a trifle mora anxiously sought after than a correct edition of the standard ; but, we hope the appear- ances wore deceiving, and take it for granted that the edi- tor has forgot how the publisher flooded the country with postal cards, offering the standard for sale in advance of all others. He may also have forgot about tlie dithculty he had with the publisher in reference to who should have the up- per half of advertising page in the Poultry World for the same purpose. As far as our observation goes, the first "harsh words" and "personal motions, venom and billingsgate," so entirely inexcusable, wore generated in Mr. Lockwood's letter, in Journal of July 9th, 1874, and that letter, it seems, came ad- dressed from Claymont, Del., in the handwriting of the President of the A. P. A. Mr. Lockwood's letter, I subse- quently noticed (in No. 30 of the Journal), with regret, that personalities had been introduced, etc. Is it possible, that "one man, having a grudge against the Committee on Games," was the cause of all these errors and imperfections in the standard ? If we take the World's word for it, then there is " danger that many readers will think there is more dissatisfaction with the Association than is really the case." Just imagine, if one man can accom- plish so much, what might a " handful " not do ? Does the World "happen to know" what is the "secret history" " that many readers do not know ? " Has it its rise also " in one man ; " or is the real " paucity of their numbers " as mysterious as this " secret history?" If the Journal had been no more independent than the World, the American fanciers this day would have to be sat- isfied with the standard, inferior as it is acknowledged to be. Whiere could its merits have been discussed on such neutral grounds? "We "happen to know" that the Journal has steadily increased in favor ; and, when the editor intimated that it was not supported in a manner to justify weekly pub- lication, it had been far from self-sustaining; and these remarks were not made on account of a cessation of sub- scriptions, on the contrary, subscriptions were coming in more rapidly than ever. Now its subscription list justifies a resumption of its weekly issues — so, the Othello slur, " We happen to know, has its i-ise in one man," and nothing is " U7idermined." Of course, no injustice or meanness was in- tended. The article in the World induced us to examine the Journal for 1874, to ascertain wliether there was suffi- cient cause for " an attack from such a source." What do we discover? About the first article against the standard comes from one who signs himself "A Member," and thinks the price too high, and wants to know who receives the profits. The January number of the World, for 1874, con- tains a communication in relation to the then anticipated revision of the standard, that has many questions that could this day be answered, but not to the advantage of the editor of the Poultry World in connection with the standard. The editorial remarks upon this communication sound strangely discordant with its present tone. Among other matters this zealous (?) friend of the A. P. A. then acknowl- edged or admitted, was this : " To be sure the Association was started in a comparatively private way ; we wish a pub- lic call had been made for a preliminary meeting, signed by a dozen or more names;" and, " It was not right to keep the matter so close until after a full board of officers had been appointed." And this: "Many who were the most active in forming the old standard knew nothing whatever about the movement." Just so, and, while you are sticking pins, stick one here also. However, all the above was com- mitted before " breaking faith " with Mr. Halsted ("Vete- ran "), and before " both shots struck home." That criticism on the A. P. A., and the one in the Ohio Farmer, were really the only ones to our mind that would tend to materially damage it in the eyes of the public. Criticisms detrimental to the "new standard" were uni- versal from all sources. Let any unprejudiced person read Lewis Wright's comments in London Fanciers' Qazelte (re- produced in Journal, page 402), where the proofs of its im- perfections are portrayed by his competent pen, an authority none can well dispute. In nearly all instances it is the fruits of the Association's ■worhinys instead of its personel that is criticised, which has impaired its influence and de- tracted from its worth. As an independent publication, the Journal has been equally ready to publish any replies to articles that had opposed the standard, and it is perfectly absurd to think of regarding the editor responsible for the ideas and advoca- tions of his numerous correspondents (unless he indorses the articles, fls did the World in "Veteran's " article, Janu- ary, 1874) ; and especially is it ridiculous to deem the Fanciers' Journal responsible, when its editor declares (see No. 17) " We do not wish to be understood as indorsing all that our correspondents may have to say, and do not hold ourselves responsible for their opinions; " and also in same issue declares, "The columns are open for the free discussion of all subjects pertaining to the interests of fanciers." To show the Journal's attitude towards the A. P. A., read the remarks on page 280, and please stick another pin. If the IfoWrf " happened to know ' all about this "plot," why was its horizon kept obscured until just on the eve of the second Buffalo meeting? Is it because he was "an " modest man ; or is it because an organ has been found to publish something for the public eart Or has his attention been so much absorbed with twenty-five cent pedigrees? Stick just one more pin and reflect. The A. P. A. is a recognized institution, and it becomes the fanciers, for their own credit, whether members or not, to buoy up and countenance it. If a few mistakes have been made, well and good ; Congress with all its brains and wis- dom sometimes " reconsider " some of their proceedings. Let the mistakes be pointed out in a friendly way ; let them bo cheerfully righted. Hasty legislation begets unwise laws. The only proper way is to make haste — sloicly. Brooki..4XI>vili,e, Md., Jan. 23, 1875. G. O. Brows. THE ATHOL rOlI.TRY AND PET STOCK ASSOCIATION Have voted to hold their First Annual Exhibition in Music Hall, on February 24th and 25th. They intend to make a grand attair of it. RHODK ISLAND STATE POULTRY SHOW. Our readers will please remember that the above show will be held in Woonsocket, February 9th, 10th, and 11th. We have received special premium list. By an oversight the Secretary's name, Chas. E. Ballon, is omitted. Mem- bers of other societies are respectfully requested to call on the Secretary before purchasing tickets. 74 FAJSrCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. Coi^F^ESpOfJDE[^CE. NEW YORK BANTAM SHOW. To THE Editor of the Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir : The Empire City Poultry Association intend holding a Bantam show in connection with the National Columbarian Association in New York, on the 25th of Feb- ruary. For particulars see advertisements hereafter. It is proposed to make this effort the grandest of its kind, rivaling the famous show in Dorking, England, of which the speci- mens exhibited consist almost entirely of Dorking fowls and chicks, and where to obtain even a highly commended is considered as great an honor as to obtain a first prize at any of the large shows. In addition to the regular premiums a full list of special premiums is being secured which will ex- tend to every class. Send on your specimens, gentlemen, they will be well cared for, fairly judged, and promptly returned. To win prizes at this show will give your birds a value and prestige second to none in the world. Geo. C. Atholb. Jasuaky 22, 1875. Corresponding Secretary. MICHIGAN STATE POULTRY ASSOCIATION. Fribkd Wade : We have just closed one of the best and most successful fairs it was ever my fortune to attend. We spread out as an experiment into poultry, pigeons, dogs, fruit, flowers, vegetables, fish, and babies, though the credit for the latter really belongs to Mr. Luther Beecher, the proprietor of the Hall, who fairly revelled in the midst of a crowd of little responsibilities and anxious mothers, and rejuvenated him- self in the distribution of golden awards, from the $20 gold piece down to single gold dollars. Our rooms were thronged for the whole week, and every visitor was more than satis- fied. We have cleared ourselves from all past indebtedness, and after paying the large expenses connected with this fair, all of which, with the premiums, we assumed, we shall have a surplus to apply on our next show. The press and the public complimented us on all sides, and our success is as unexpected as it is gratifying. There was no jarring of the various departments, each of which had its own committee under our management, and we feel that hereafter we can hold a winter fair which shall rival in its attractions any of the summer and autumn state fairs. Everybody was delighted with the dogs, of which there were about 150 on exhibition, from the immense blood- hound to the insignificant toys of scarcely two pounds weight. Sporting dogs predominated, several valuable imported dogs being among the number. An association of dog fan- ciers is to be formed at once to be in readiness for next sea- son. Had sufficient notice been given of the intention to show dogs, it is thought the number of entries would have been at least double, as many begged to be allowed to enter after the books were closed, saying they had not had timely .-otice. The display of large river and lake fish, in addition to the trout and salmon, was very fine and attractive. There were six large aquariums and a number of smaller ones, showing all sizes and ages, from the egg to the largest size taken by seine. The essay on pisciculture which was pre- pared by Mr. Clark in competition for the silver pitcher, will be delivered as a lecture next week before the Scientific Association of this city. Hoping to meet you soon at Buf- alo, I remain. Very truly yours, Detboii, January 22, 1875. E. C. SkinnER. Dear Sir: I have some gold fish which appear unwell, one of them especially. It appears to be frozen, and keeps at the bot- tom, upon its back, nearly all the time. Can you tell me what is the matter? Should the water be changed often or at all ? Should they be fed, and with what kind of food ? Any information you can kindly give me I shall be obliged for. Tours truly, MiTCHELi,, January 27, 1875. F. F. T. H. postponement. Dear Sir : The Executive Committee of our Association, after con- sultation with breeders, etc., have come to the conclusion that we set our time too late for a successful exhibition, and therefore will postpone it until next winter. Will you please note it in the Journal. Tours respectfully, C. P. Welles, TowANDA, Pa., Jan. 28, 1875. Secretary N. Pa. P. A Sffl^LL PeJ DEC/VF^TPflENT AND TOTTNQ FOLK'S CORNER. 49~ All communications and contributions intended for this depart ment should be addressed to HOWAED I. IRELAND, ConcordTille Delaware Co., Pa. OUR ENGLISH LETTER. ANNUAL EXHIBITION OF THE MANCHESTER (England) ORNITHOLOGICAL SOCIETY. Joseph M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : Presuming that a few notes on this show may be of interest to the readers of the Fanciers' Journal, I will state, first, a few of the advantages of the canary fancy which are generally acknowledged in this large city and ita districts : 1. Almost every man, woman or child can find conveni- ence for keeping and breeding canaries; their cages occupy so small a space that there is room for them in the humblest dwellings, whilst at the same time they are an adornment of almost every palace ; so on this account the fancy is a pur- suit open to every one, from the queen to the chimney sweep. 2. The inexpensiveness of the food required. 3. The small expense required to start a breeding stud in comparison with any other fancy. 4. This fancy can be successfully followed by invalids and delicate ladies, in their own living rooms without detri- ment to health, and is so agreeable a pursuit for invalids as to, in many cases, considerably assist, by its healthy excite, ment, in restoring them to health. 5. Almost every person can cultivate this fancy without interfering with any other similar pursuit, such as the pi- geon or poultry fancy. The present show of this Society is held in the heart of the business portion of Manchester, in the beautiful room known as the Cotton Waste Brokers' Exchange. There are four hundred and sixty cages of birds shown in thirty-five classes ; twenty-five classes are for the different breeds of canaries, five classes for mules bred from canaries crossed with other birds ; four classes are for naturally native British birds, and one class for foreign birds other than canaries. Classes one to six are for Lancashire Coppys (or Manches- ter Coppys). This bird probably got its name from the pe- culiar cap on its head, some of the old Manchester fanciers FANCIBKS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 75 still rememboring tlio time when they wore often called Cap- pies ; this Clip is of the shape so much desired in the rose of u Trumpeter pigeon. The feathers open out from a cluster on the top of the birds' heads, and in the prize specimens these overhang the eyes and end of the beak; on the top of the head the feathers shmild lie very flat, running out atraiylU in every direction. This canary is a long bird, some of them being as long as the best Belgians, but instead of being a slender delicate bird, it is in this respect the opposite of the Belgian ; it is robust, muscular, and straight] not shouldered or humped. The heads of many of these canaries are thick, with the jowl very much as desired in a good English Owl Pigeon. These Coppys are in this neighborhood the leading fancy, and the fancy for them is increasing very much, so much that it is very difficult to buy good specimens; ten pounds sterling, is not a very unusual price for a good prize winner, and good hens in this breed (as with Belgians) are quite as valuable as cocks. Coppy cocks are often good songsters. Of the same breed as the Cop|iysarethe Lancashire " Plain Heads." These are Coppy-bred, buttheir heads are smooth, their other points being the same as the capped birds. The approved way of breeding is to match a plain head with a capped bird, the young ones produced in this manner are some of them Plain Heads and some Coppys, or capped, the cap feathers opening out flat on the top of the head. When two Coppys, or capped birds are mated, the caps of the young ones are liable to be too full, or to have so many cap feathers as to make many of them stand erect, or partially so, which is a fault. The Coppy classes are divided as follows : 1. Clear Yellow Lancashire Coppy ; 2. Clear Yellow Lancashire Plain Head ; 3. Clear Buff Lancashire Coppy ; 4. Clear Buff Lancashire Plain Head; 5. Buff or Yellow Marked Lancashire Coppy; 6. Buff or Yellow Marked Lancashire Plain Head. The above six classes have a total of sixty-nine entries, and make a grand show. The rest of the show consists of Norwich, six classes; Belgian, two classes; Lizards, three classes ; Yorkshire, two classes ; Curnaindu, two classes ; other variety of canary, and selling class. In each of the thirty-five classes, a 1st, 2d, and 3d prize is awarded of £1.15s.5rf. respectively, besides special cups. The exhibition is continually crowded with admiring throngs of all classes of society, the general opinion here being that every neighborhood easily could and ought to have regular shows of this kind. Omitting any description of the mar- velously brilliant Norwich, the slender long high class Bel- gians, and the beautifully spangled and capped Lizard Cana- ries. Fearing 1 shall occupy too much of your time and space, I remain, yours truly, John H. Crykr. Manchestue, New Year's Day, 1875. A VISIT TO THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. While I was in London, I used often to spend a whole forenoon in roaming over those beautiful grounds with my children, who never wearied of watching the movements of the animals. Little Willie, mv youngest darling, called the gardens "the Zoo," and whenever an excursion was proposed, he would always say, " Let's go to the Zoo, mamma, there's no where so nice as the Zoo. 1 want to see the bears dance, and the monkeys beg for nuts. Fill my pockets right full, mamma, so that I may feed them." And so he always did, handing out the nvits one by one, and watching with intense interest the tricks and antics of those droll creatures, ai they chattered and cracked nuts, and pushed each other aside, each striving to get the largest share of the feast. The motliera in particular, would box their children's ears, and with many antics and grimaces, seem to inculcate the observance of proper decorum ; though it mus-t be confessed, their teachings were rather by precept than example, for the parent-monkeys themselves were not remarkable for good behavior. The monkey-house is fitted up like a conservatory, with many beautiful plants and flowers growing all around, and there are separate apartments for the several varieties of monkeys, apes, and baboons. There are large cages in front of their respective rooms, to which they all have ready ac- cess, and in these cages they may roam at will during tho day ; but at night each must occupy his own quarters, lest thfe strong should take unfair advantage of the weak. For some, as the Chimpanzee and Ourang-Outang, are as large as a boy of eight years, while the Marmoset is scarcely big- ger than a squirrel. One old acquaintance I met among the rest; a beautiful snow-white monkey, named " Grinee," with pink eyes, and jet-black whiskers. I had seen him years before in Bangkok, and knew that he had been sent as a present to Queen Victoria by tho late second King of Siam ; but I scarcely expected to find him still looking so youthful. Not a wrinkle nor a crinkle in his smooth face, nor a solitary silver thread in his magnificent beard. Then there was a noble specimen from Africa, called the " Diana," with chestnut-colored back, white breast, grayish stomach, thighs of bright orange, snow-white goatee, and a frill of mingled white and black quite around the neck. I never saw a monkey half so gaily clad, in " coat of many colors," and he strutted about with such an air of conscioussuperiority, as would have been ludicrous enough, but that he was only a monkey. One ape of dark brown color had a white mous- tache, and another, white rings around the eyes, looking, for all the world, like enormous spectacles. They all seemed wondrously happj', prisoners though they were ; gibing and chatting continually, and ever on the alert for a frolic. The keeper told us that one day when the queen came with a party of friends to look at their antics, one of the ladies held a purse, with seven or eight golden guineas in it, toward the monkeys, to induce them to jump. Instantly a baboon sprang forward, caught the purse from the lady's hand, and tried to hide it behind his back, but the keeper coming up, the cun- ning thief, loth to relinquish his prize, swalloictd it — guineas, purse, and all ; and it was with great difficulty that he was at last made to disgorge his costly banquet. Not far from tho monkey-quarters was a huge cago, in which were several vultures, with strong, feathered feet, and the strong hooked bill peculiar to birds of prey. In the same aviary, were several noble condors, the great South- American bird, that makes his solitary eyrie amid the per- petual snows of the lofty Andes, only descending to the plains when in need of food. The head of the male bird is adorned with a crest, but not that of the female. Tho strength of this bird is so extraordinary that two or three, attacking at the same time, have been known to destroy a bullock, by striking with their powerful beaks the head and eyes of their prey. They build no nests, but lay their eggs, two in number, on the bare rocks. The griffon vulture, the only really comely one of its tribe, has the back part of the head and neck covered with soft, white down, slightly tinged with blue, and at the lower 76 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. extremity is a collar or ruff of downy feathers of pure white. Its native home is in the Alps and Pyrenees, and other lofty mountain ranges, but those domesticated in the Zoological Gardens seemed perfectly content. • The lammergeyer, or bearded vulture, has large, cruel eyes, and strong talons, that go far to establish the charges made against it, of carrying off both sheep and lambs whenever opportunity occurs, and even little children, if they chance to be left exposed to the tender mercies of this fierce, rave- nous bird. The laughing king-fisher, a beautiful blue-and-drab bird, seemed always in high glee — not the healthy, cheery glee that infuses happiness among its associates, but the gay, mocking, laughter-loving spirit that delights in the faults and foibles, the downfall and destruction it would invoke upon all but itself. Even prettier, as well as far more gentle and amiable, Are the Victoria pigeons, with their splendid "crowns" of li^-ht-colored feathers, in the centre of each of which is an eye, and the whole coiffure is beautiful beyond description. Among the pheasants, I saw the species so remarkable for the length of his tail, generally from five to six feet long, and from which the name " trailing pheasant" has been derived. There were also the magnificent " ring pheasant " of China, and the gold and silver pheasants of Borneo — lovely, gentle birds, that can be trained to sit on one's shoulder like a pet squirrel, and take food from the lips of their keeper. But there was not, in all those vast aviaries, any bird more gorgeously beautiful than the flamingo. I have stood for hours watching them, with their heads tucked under their wings, resting on one long, slender, crimson-hued leg, while the other was drawn quite out of sight, — the snow- white body so strangely in contrast with the deep red legs, and the plump form, about twice the size of a goose, seem- ingly so disproportioned to the " spindle shanks," no thicker than a man's thumb, that perforce must carry it. The very oddity of the spectacle made it attractive, if not quite beau- tiful. Another favorite of mine was the sun -bittern, so various- ly gorgeous in plumage that it looks like a huge butterfly, only there is wanting the graceful poise and dip, the frail, gauzy wings, and the etherial air of our summer pets. The satin bower-bird of Australia is one of the rarest specimens in the entire collection ; while young its plumage is dark green, but at maturity it is jet black, and glossy as satin — hence its name. It is said that before building their nests, these birds will gather a large quantity of twigs, weaving thera into a sort of bower, which they carefully decorate with bones, feathers, leaves, and such other adorn- ments as they are able to collect. Here, in this arena, the courting is done — the male bird chasing his mate up and down, bowing his pretty head, and playing the agreeable generally ; while she indulges in all manner of airs and graces, pretends to be very coy, and acts the coquette to per- feotion. But her lover's devotion conquers at last, and in due time the fair flirt surrenders, and settles as a dutiful wife, and loving mother, brings up a family of sons and daughters, and doubtless duly instructs them in the parts they are to take in life's drama. The black swans of Australia are certainly rarer, but can- not, I think, be more lovely or graceful than their snow- white brothers of "Merry England." Floating together over the smooth waters, they present a beautiful picture, of which one never wearies, go as often as he may to those spacious gardens, so thronged with active busy life. — What Next. B©" The Eeaddt Koostek. — Roosters are the pugilists among birds, and , having no suitable shoulder tu strike from , they strike from the heel. "When a rooster gits whipped, the hens all march off with the other rooster, if he ain't haff so big or so hansum. It is pluck that wins a hen. Roost- ers az a class won't do enny household work ; yu kan't git a rooster tu pay enny attention tew a young one. They spend most of their time in crowing and strutting, and once in a while they find a worm, which they make a great fuss over, calling their wives up from a distance, apparently to treat them, but jist az the hens git thare, this elegant cuss bends over and gobbles up the worm. Jist like a man for all the world ! — Josh Billings' Allminax. B®° The Tailor-Bikd.— This bird is, as an Irish gen- tleman would say, "mighty handy with its feet." Its nest is hid in leaves, which it sews together. It does this with a thread which it makes itself. It gets cotton from the cotton plant, and, with its long delicate bill and little feet, spins it into a fine thread. It then pierces the holes through the leaves with its bill, and, passing the thread through the holes, sews them together. We believe that in getting the thread through the holes it uses both its bill and feet. It resembles a human tailor in more than one respect — it pre- sents a long bill. Binding for Journal of 1874 is now ready (see advertise- ment elsewhere). Fanciers wishing their Journal bound in good shape, will do well to mall them to this office. Postage, one cent for every two ounces. The name of subscriber will be stamped on the cover, free, when requested. ADTERTISEHEKTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of twelve words, each number or Initial will count as one word. For three months 12}/^ per oent. discount. " six months 25 " " " nine months, 37J^ " " " twelve months 50 " " CHANGED AS OFTEJT AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance. J^f' Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Our terms are cash on presentation of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchanges limited to 48 words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. Exclj^V'^qES. /8S*AdvertI3ements in this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty- Eight Words, describing and offering for exchange only, WILL BE allowed AT 85 CENTS FOE EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. ■Wll/Ii EXCHANGE.— One trio Heathwood Game chicks, six hens, and six pullets, for same number Brown Leghorn fowls or chicks (Bonney's or Kinney's strains). JOHN M. TATE, Box 577, Pittsburg, Fa. TO EXCHANGE.— Cockerels ! Cockerels ! ! Cockerels ! ! ! Light Brahma cockerels (Williams' strain), for Aylesbury Ducks, or Tumbler Pigeons; cockerels are first-class ; pigeons and ducks must be same, W. W. ELLIOTT, McEwensville, Pa. TO EXCHANGE.— A very fine Trout Fly Rod ; three splices | butt, ash; middle, ironwood; tip, spliced bamboo — for Fancy Pigeons. W. H. KELLER, Box 616, Easton, Pa. TO EXCHANGE.— Two pairs of Fantails, one pair Black Swal- lows, one pair Red .Jacobins, and two pair Carriers (one pair White, and one pair Blue-Mottled)— for Barbs or Turbits ; must be good birds, as mine are. ALLEN H. TWINING, Box SO, Doylestowu, Bucks Co., Pa. EXCHANGE Himalayan Babbits and Guinea Pigs. I will give four Guinea pigs for one pair Himalayan rabbits; the former will give a good start in raising Guinea pigs. Address, stating age and quality, WM. P ZELL, Lancaster, Pa. Wllili EXCHANGE.— White Leghorn cockerels (J. B. Smith's strain), for White Leghorn or American Dominique pullets. Address THEO. P. HARVEY, P. 0. Box 2, Doylestown, Pa. I Wllili EXCHANGE a tew trios of pure 'iVhite Bantams, Light Brahmas, and Butf Cochins, for Brown Leghorns and Lop-eared Rabbita. "Address WARREN DRURY, Walcott, Wayne Co., N. Y. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, FEBRUARY 11, 1875. No. 6. PodLji^Y DEi^y^i^TF'ErJT. A HINT IN CROSS-BREEDING. After a quarter of a century spent in doing the wind- work of farming, as an agricultural editor, 1 retired to the practical part of the business in a small way, and, being a fancier of blooded fowls, I purchased a pretty fair lot of various breeds, and all went on swimmingly. Among my fowls was a trio of beautiful Golden Polands ; the cock was an amorous fellow, but ho seemed to dislike his mates of the same breed ; he fought them on the perch and neglected them in the walk, and lavished all his gallantries upon a lot of Brahmas, much to the disgust of a fine Dark Brahma cock, who lied before the fierce spurs of the Poland. So I gave the Poland hens into the keeping of the Brahma cock. This was in May, when I was about to stop off the sitters for the season. One of these Poland hens laid a nest full of eggs which I set under a Brahma hen, as the Polands would not sit at all. This nest brought me a dozen of the Brahma-Poland in the middle of June ; the most vigorous and independent chicks of all the four varieties which I had on the farm. As soon as they wore able to run, the mother- hen took them out hunting grasshoppers, and it was fun to see how soon they learned the business ; and all day long, while tlie lazy old Brahmas were taking their ease under the shade, these chicks were hunting, and were the last brood to go to bod. When they wore old enough to show shape and plumage, they were the evenest lot I had. The top-knot of the Poland was tonod down to a dark tuft like that of a Virginia partridge ; the markings all over are like the partridge — not so brilliant as the Golden Poland, nor so dull as the Dark Brahma; the legs are pale green, medium length and lightly feathered ; the bodies are per- fect in form, being full and deep breasted, and well saddled. In weight they are between the two parents, about the size of Dorkings. They are all pullets, and I shall be obliged to breed them to a Golden Poland cock of another family. They oommonoed to lay about Christmas, and produced a good-sized egg of a bright cinnamon color, while the pure Poland lays a white egg. This is the best hit in cross- breeding I ever saw ; but I do not expect the future progeny will show as satisfactorily as the first cross does. Hudson, Ohio. S.D.Harris. STANDARD FOR LIGHT BRAHMAS. By Jos. M. AVadk. COCK. Beak. — Short, strong, yellow ; with dark stripe. Comb. — Pea. Small ; lower in front and back than in the centre; evenly serrated; having the appearance of three small combs pressed together, the largest and highest of the three in the centre ; firm on the head ; color rich, bright red. Head. — Small, slender in profile, broad on top, slightly projecting over the eyes. Color of plumage white. Eyes. — Large, mild, prominent, and bright. Wattles. — Small, well-rounded on lower edge. Color rich, bright red. Deaf Ear or Ear-lobe. — Well developed ; pendant same length as the wattles. Color rich, bright red. Neck. — Kather long and arched ; slender at the juncture with the head. The hackle gracefully flowing well down on the shoulders, each feather tapering to a point. Color of neck white in front and upper part. The flowing hackle feathers to be white, with a clear, distinct black stripe taper- ing down the centre of each feather. Breast. — Broad, full, and carried well forward. Color of breast, under part of body and thighs white. Back. — As long as consistent with symmetry and the size of the bird ; broad and flat between the shoulders. Saddle feathers long, broad, and abundant, rising and forming a graceful curve on the tail, and flowing down over side of tail and back, covering the points of the wings. Color of sur- face feathers pure white ; under color bluish slate. Wings. — Small ; the bows covered by the breast feathers ; primaries closely folded under secondaries ; the points of the wings neatly covered by the flowing saddle feathers. Color of wing, bow, and coverts white; primaries black, or nearly so ; secondaries, black on upper or inside web, and white on lower or out.^ide web. Tail — Kather low, well developed, spread out laterally, and well filled behind with soft feathers. Sickle feathers not much higher than the main tail feathers, and spread out gracefully. Coverts abundant, soft, and curved over the side of the tail. Color of tail feathers, black ; higher or main coverts green, glossy black ; lesser coverts black, or black edged with white. Lcgx. — Length in proportion to the size of the bird ; large, strong, standing wide apart ; well feathered down the outside to the end of the outer and middle toe. Color of scales, rich bright orange, or yellow ; the leg feathering white, or slightly mottled with black. yiiijf'. — Abundant; of soft, downy feathers, spreading out about tho thighs, giving the bird a broad and deep appear- ance. Color, white on surface ; under color may be white or bluish slate. 82 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Toes. — Large, strong, and straight, well-feathered to the end of outer and middle toe. Color of toes yellow ; color of feathering white, or slightly mottled with black. Carriage. — Bold. HEN. BeaA.— Short, strong, yellow ; with dark stripe. Comb. — Pea. Very small and low, evenly serrated, hav- ing the appearance of three small combs pressed together, the largest and highest of the three in the centre. Pirm on the head, low behind. Color, rich bright red. Head. — Small and slender in profile, rather broad on top, slightly projecting over the eyes. Color of plumage white. Eyes. — Large, mild, prominent and bright. Wattles. — Very small, but well defined. Color, rich bright red. Deaf Ear or Ear-lobe. — Very small, well defined. Color, rich bright red. Neck. — Kather short; arched; slender at the juncture with the head. The hackle flowing well down on the shoul- ders, each feather tapering to a point. Color of neck, white in front ; sides and back of the neck penciled, the feathers being white, with a broad, well-defined black stripe tapering down the centre of each feather. The shaft of the hackle feather black. Breast. — Broad and full. Color of breast and under part of body and thighs, white. Bach. — As long as consistent with symmetry and the size of the bird ; broad and flat between the shoulders. The cushion well developed, rising and forming a graceful curve on, and almost burying, the tail. Color of surface feathers, pure white ; under color, bluish slate. Wings.— Sm&a, the bows covered by the breast feathers ; primaries closely folded under the secondaries, the point of the wing neatly covered by the cushion. Color of wing, bow and coverts, white ; primaries, black or nearly so ; sec- ondaries, black on upper or inside web, and white on lower or outside web. Tail. — Bather low, and nearly buried by the cushion. Color, black ; with two highest or deck feathers edged with white. Legs. — Length in proportion to the size of the bird ; large, strong, and standing wide apart ; well feathered down the outside to the end of the outer and middle toe. Color of scales, rich bright orange or yellow. The leg feathering white, or slightly mottled with black. JJ'ZMjf.— Abundant ; of soft, downy feathers, spreading out about the thighs, giving the bird a broad and deep ap- pearance. Color of fluflC, white on surface; under color may be white or bluish slate. Toes.— Large, strong, and straight ; well feathered to the end of the outer and middle toe. Color of toes, yellow ■ color of feathering, white, or slightly mottled with black. Carriage. — Low, compared with the cook, having an amia- ble and docile appearance. TRIP AMONG THE FANCY. A TEW weeks since we spent several days among the fan- ciers in and around Philadelphia, and the magnificent specimens which we saw in some yards well repaid us for the visit. Mr. Wade took charge of us, and to him is due the enjoyment of our visit. A short time after our arrival in the city of brotherly love, we were whisked by the "snorting iron horse" to Oak Lane, where we spent a very agreeable evening at the home of Mr. "Wade. In the morning we enjoyed the beau- ties of Oak Lane and immediate vicinity. Dame Nature has been lavish in her distribution of picturesque scenery, and when arrayed in her autumnal garb, the views from Mr. "Wade's house must indeed be grand, and even in their leaf- less state would be remarked by a lover of nature. After a hearty breakfast Mr. Wade went with us to Mr. Samuel P. Courtney, where we saw a fine yard of nice, evenly-colored Buff Cochin pullets. This yard is noted for having pro- duced for many years three distinct strains of Buffs, known throughout the country as the " Churchman" and " Her- stine " strains, in this city as the " Courtney " strain. Mr. Wade then " turned us over " to Mr. W. E. Plower, who kindly volunteered to accompany us around — an offer which we readily accepted. An hour's sharp walking brought us in view of the Sharpless estate and the country palace of Jay Cooke. However, of the two, the "estate" was more attractive to us, and thither we went, and were soon inspect- ing the amiable "'Jimmy's " five yards of choice Dark Brah- mas, and we must admit they were the finest collection we ever saw. " Jimmy " is very enthusiastic, and has got things down to a fine point in the breeding of Dark Brahmas. The yards and houses were in excellent condition, commodious, and convenient. The Dark Brahmas known throughout the country as " Herstine's" and "Churchman's" strains, were mostly bred in this yard. Prom thence we proceeded to Shoemakertown, to the res- idence of Mr. Plower, where we had only time, before dark- ness overtook us, to examine a few of his many Light Brahmas; but those that we did " handle " stood very close examination. Among the several hens and pullets examined they were nearly all marked identically the same. We had proof not alone from ocular demonstration of their excel- lence, but when subjected to gastronomical test, we were further convinced of their good qualities ; for Mr. Flower "pots " any that does not come up to his ideal — hence, the good supper we so greatly relished. Mr. Flower also showed us several varieties of rabbits, among which were some choice specimens. From Mr. Flower's we then returned to Oak Lane. Next morning, at Mr. Wade's ofiSce, we met W. H. Kern, Esq., an opportunity we had hoped for, as we had heard so much about his Light Brahmas. Mr. Kern kindly invited us to visit his yards, and a few minute's riding brought us to our destination. We must first, however, say something about his houses and yards. They are situated in a line (four houses) facing the south, the north side being protected by a high brick wall. Each house has its yard. Communica- tion from one to the other is had from the main entrance to house No. 1, or to each separately, through their respective yards. Each house is 7 x 14 feet, which is divided as fol- lows: A roosting place, 7x4 feet, with low, broad roosts, under which are two small pens, 3J x 4 feet. These pens are very useful, as a hen vaaj be set, and have the pen to dust in, and can also there rear her young until old enough to remove to other quarters, without being disturbed by the other fowls. The front of the house is boarded up tight two feet, the balance (four feet to roof) is wired. The roosting- place is boarded up independent of the outside of house. Excellent and convenient arrangements for holding feed, so constructed as to occupy very little space. The floor of the house was littered with straw, ashes, and dust, in which the fowls seemed to delight in dusting. A pair of scales and an English square-cornered basket were hanging ready to give FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. S3 weight to any of Mr. Korn's heavy assertions about any of the birds. Tho threo othor housos wore precisely similar to the one described, and each house had its yard 7x14 feet. As regards Mr. Kern's fowls, we must admit we did not see a single specimen but what any breeder might be proud of. They were surprisingly excellent. One can often, among a largo collection, see some good ones, but not very often can a number of fowls be found together, where one would be puzzled to select out bad ones, but such seems tho case here. We saw a magnificent nine month's cockerel pull down ten and a half pounds, and a pullet of eight months quickly pull it down to eight pounds. Wo spent two hours handling those fowls, and the longer wo staid the better we liked them, for thoj' were simply par excellance. The inclomonoy of tho weather prevented our accepting the hospitalities of Mr. Benjamin Mann, much to our re- gret, for we had been informed, by Mr. Wade, that we would also have seen something good there. We did not visit for the purpose of writing an article, but simply to gratify our own pleasure and curiosity. But as trips seem to be in order, wo naturally trip in with ours also. Brooklandville, Md., January 18, 1875. Gr- O. BroWN. MICHIGAN STATE POULTRY ASSOCIATION. The following is a list of premiums awarded at the Fourth Annual Exhibition of the above Association : [The report sent us did not give the address of prize win- ners ; when address is wanted, send postal-card to E. C. Skinner, Secretary, Detroit, Michigan. — Ed.] Association's Sweepstakes — Wright & Butterfleld, silver cup. Light Brahmas— Fowls, 1st, Wright & Butterfleld ; 2d .and 3d, P. W. Goodale. Chicks, 1st, Wright & Butter- field ; '2d, J. C. Hatch ; 3d, V. W. Goodale. "Best cock and hen, Wright & Butterfleld. Specials — H. I. Allen's, best pair chicks raised in Michigan, F. W. Goodale, $10 ; F. W. Goodale's, best ten pair chicks bred by exhibitor, Wright & Butterfleld, $10; F. W. Goodale's, best hen owned in Michigan, F. W. Goodale, $5. Dark Brahmas — Fowls, 1st and 2d, J. C. Higgins ; 3d, H. M. Thomas. Chicks— 1st and 3d, J. C. Higgins ; 2d, H. M. Thomas. Best cock, J. C. Higgins ; best hen, H. M. Thomas. Specials — H. I. Allen's, best pair chicks, J. C. Higgins, $5; J. C. Higgins', best five pair chicks raised by exhibitor in Michigan, J. C. Higgins, $5; J. C. Higgins', best ten pair chicks bred by exhibitor, J. C. Higgins, $5; J. C. Higgins', best ten pair chicks, J. C. Higgins, .S5. Buff' Cochins— Fowls, 1st, Wright & Butterflold ; 2d and 3d, A. H. West. Chicks, 1st, 2d and 8d, Wright & Butter- field. Best cock, Wright & Butterfield ; best hen, A. H. West. Partridge Cochins— Fowls, 1st, A. H. West; 2d, H. M. Thomas; 'Sd, E. Woolfenden. Chicks— 1st and 3d, A. H. West; 2d, Wright & Butterfleld. Best cock and hen, A. H. West. Specials — Prittie & Buffum's, best hen, A. H. West, $5 ; highly commended, pullet, J. Eckert, Jr. White Cochins— Fowls, 1st, M. T. North. Chicks, 1st, H. M. Thomas ; '2d, A. H. West. Black Cochins- Chicks, 1st, A. H. West ; 2d and 3d, F. W. Goodale. Specials — P. W. Goodale's, best four pair chicks bred by exhibitor, F. W. Goodale, $5 ; F. W. Good- ale's, best cockerel bred by exhibitor in Michigan, F. W. Goodale, |5 ; Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co. 's, best cockerel, A. H. West, $5. Dorkings, Colored— Fowls, 1st, H. M. Thomas. Chicks, 1st, H. M. Thomas. Best cook and hen, any color, H. M. Thomas. Silver Gray — Fowls, 1st, W. F. Cowan. Chicks, 1st, W. F. Cowan. Plymouth Rocks— Fowls, 1st, 2d and 3d, A. H. Drake. Chicks, 1st, 2d and 3d, A. H. Drake. Games, Black-breasted Red— Fowls, 1st, W. H. Chappell. Chicks, 1st, Wright & Butterfleld. Best cock, Wright & Butterfleld. Brown-Red— Fowls, Ist and 2d, W. H. Chap- pell ; 3d, Blanchard &, Whitwam. Best cock, W. H. Chap- pell. Duckwing — Fowls, 1st, W. H. Cliappell. Chicks, Ist, H. M. Thomas. Best cock, H. M. Thomas. Spangled — Fowls, highly commended, Mark Hagle. Pile — Fowls, 1st, J. Humphrey, Jr. Chicks, 1st, L. Corey ; 2d, S. P. Stokes. Derby — Best Cock, W. H. Chappell. Ginger Blue — Fowls, 1st, W. H. Chappell. Dominique— Fowls, 3d, W. H. Chap- pell. Sumatra — Fowls, 1st, E. C. Skinner. Hen Feathered —Fowls, '2d, W. II. Chappell. Blue— Chicks, 1st, Mark Hagle. Irish Gray— Fowls, 1st and 2d, W. H. Chappell. Black — Fowls, commended as Sumatras, entered in wrong class, Mark Hagle. Ginger— Fowls, Ist and 2d, W. H. Chappell. White — Fowls, single cock, W. H. Chappell, commended. Chicks, 1st and 2d, John Potter. Black Spanish — Fowls, 1st, E. C. Skinner. Chicks, let, H. M. Thomas. Best cock, E. C. Skinner. Best hen, H. M. Thomas. Leghorns, White— Fowls, 1st, J. M. Slater. Chicks, 1st, and .3d, A. H. West; 2d, M. T. North. Best cock and hen, J. M. Slater. Special — H. M. Thomas', best pair chicks, A. H. West, poultry book. Brown — Chicks, 1st, 2d and 3d, J. G. Lapham. Polish, White— Fowls, 3d, Mark Hagle. Chicks, 2d, H. M. Thomas. White-crested Black— Chicks, 1st, H. M. Thomas. Silver— Fowls, 1st, H. M. Thomas; '2d, J. F. Hamberger ;" 3d, J. D. Yerkes. Chicks, 1st, H. M. Thomas ; 2d and 3d, J. D. Yerkes. Golden— Fowls, 1st, H. M. Thomas. Chicks, 1st and 2d, H. M. Thomas; 3d, Boyd Bros. Creveco'urs — Fowls, 1st, H. -G. Blanchard. Best cock and hen, H. G. Blanchard. Houdans— Fowls, 1st, H. G. Blanchard ; 2d, Daniel Mills. Best cock and hen, H. G. Blanchard. La Fleche— Chick.s 1st, H. G. Blanchard. Hamburgs, Goldun-Spangled — Chicks, 1st and 2d, J. D. Yerkes. Best cock and hen, J. D. Yerkes. Silver-Spangled — Chicks, 1st, 2d and 3d, J. D. Yerkes. Best cock and hen, J. D. Yerkes. Black— Fowls, 1st, W. M. Campbell. Chicks, 1st and 3d, Wright \- Butterfleld ; 2d, W. M. Campbell. Best cock, Wriglit & Butterfleld. Special— H. M. Thomas', best cock, Wright & Butterfleld. So. Game Bantams, Black-breasted Red- Fowls, 1st, W. M. Campbell; 2d, J. J. Walker; 3d, E. C. Skinner. Chicks, 1st and 2d, A. H. West; 3d, E. C. Skinner. Special— Phi- lander Williams', best display, E. C. Skinner, trio Light Brahmas. Brown-breasted Red — Fowls, 1st, Bert E. Mather; 2d, W. M. Campbell. Chicks, 1st, Bert E. Mather. Pile— Fowls, 1st, A. H. West. Chicks— 1st, J. J. Walker. Golden Duckwing— Fowls, 1st, W. M. Camp- boll ; 3d, H. D. Taylor. Chicks, 1st, J. J. Walker; .3d, Wm. Battishill. Silver Duckwing— Fowls, l.^t and 2d, J. J. Walker; 3d, R. W. Beach. Chicks, 1st, J. J. Walker; 2d, S. C. Whitwam. Irish Gray— Fowls, Ist, W. M. Campbell. Bantams, Golden Sebright— Fowls, 1st, W. M. Campbell ; 2d, W. F. Cowan; 3d, H. D. Taylor. Black African- Fowls, 1st, W. M. Campbell. White- Fowls, Ist, W. M. Campbell; 2d, J. G. Lapham. Chicks, Ist, H. D. Tavlor. Turkeys, Wild— 1st and 2d, C. E. Rohde. Bronze— 1st, A. H. West; 2d, Thos. E. Bogert. Special — Alexander House's, best pair, A. H. West, So- Wood Ducks — Discretionary premium, Wright & Butter- fleld. Ferrets— 1st, Wright & Butterfield. PIGEONS. Jacobins— 1st, A. H. West. Turbiti- 1st, E. C. Skinner. Trumpeters- 1st, A. H. West. Best collection, A. H. West. Nuns— 1st, A. H. West. Barbs- 1st, A. H. West. Mag- pics— 1st, M. T. North. Owls— 1st, E. C. Skinner. Car- riers—1st, E. A. Noble. Best collection, E. A. Noble. Pouters— 1st, E. A. Noble. Best collection, E. A. Noble. Fantails— 1st, A. H. West. Best collection, A. H. West. Tumblers— 1st, E. A. Noble. Best collection. A. H. West. Archangels— 1st. A. H. West. Ice— 1st, A. H. AVest. Ant- werps— 1st, A. H. AY est. Dragons— 1st. A. H. West. Highly commended — Snells, E. A. Noble. Horsemen, E. A. Noble. King Doves, H. H. James. Best collection of pigeons, A. H. West, silver cup. 84 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. • Class 1. Stag Hounds — 1st and 2d, Gen. D. S. Stanley. Class 2. Beagles— 1st, B. M. Baker ; 2d, J. E. Long ; 3d, Alfred Wright. Class 3. Fox Hounds — 1st, Maj. Gray; 2d, G. E. Eich- ards ; 3d, A. L. Chappell. Class 4. Greyhounds— 1st, P. M. Thorns; 2d, Gen. D. S. Stanley ; 8d, H. H. Ketchum. Class 5. Pointers — 1st, J. E. Long ; 2d, C. C. Cadman ; 3d, M. K. Cristy. Class 6. Pointers — 1st, J. C. Hatch ; 2d, Geo. Eankin ; 3d, M. V. B. Saunders. Class 7. Pointers — Best matched pair, J. V. Thompson. Class 8. Pointers — Best bitch with progeny, E. M. Baker. Class 9. Pointers — Best puppy, S. J. Gidday. Class 10. Setters (Irish)— 1st, Joseph Neil ; 2d and 8d, J. C. Goodenough. Class 11. Setters (English)— 1st, L. H. Smith; 2d, J. E. Long ; .Sd, C. M. Sly. Class 12. Setters — Best matched pair, C. M. Sly. Class 13. Setters — Best bitch with progeny, L. H. Smith. Class 14. Setters— Best puppy, G. E. Hull. Class 16. Clumber Spaniels (puppies)' — Best pair J. Ham- mon. Class 17. Water Spaniels — 1st, J. J. Berger ; 2d, Mrs. D. B. Langford ; 3d, S. Tichner. Class 18. Newfoundlands— 1st, E. Morton; 2d, S. S. Eobinson ; 3d, W. 0. Ashley. Class 19. Sheep Dogs (rough) — 1st, Geo. Hendrie; 2d, D. Brown. Class 20. Sheep Dogs (smooth) — 1st, D. Brown. Class 22. Black-and-Tan (under 11 lbs.)— 1st, W. H, Smith ; 2d, L. Demass ; 3d, J. Norriss. Class 23. Scotch Terriers— 1st, Wright & Butterfield ; 3d ; Jas. Brown. Class 24. Skye Terriers — 1st and 2d, Geo. Hendrie ; 3d, J. Jennings. Class 26. Italian Greyhounds — 1st, A. L. Chappell ; 2d, D. Harrington. Class 26. Coach— 1st and 3d, Baby Bros. ; 2d, H. G. Blanchard. Class 27. Esquimaux— 1st, D. W. Tyrrell; 2d, E. D. Eobinson. Class 28. Extra class — 1st, King Charles' Spaniel, J. P. Muer ; 2d, Mexican Dog, Max Hernberg. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE MODERN GAME COCK. WlTHOiTT any desire, my dear Mr. Editor, to raise any such discussion as the " Brahma origin " question, allow me to put before "Game Cock " a few thoughts, which may Induce him to change his mind in some degree as to the fowl of his name. I quite agree with him in his aversion to the standard English Game, with his scanty tail, long shanks, and cranky appearance, but so, also, do I dislike the heavy, short-legged, thick-necked bird, whose only fine trait is in his fighting to the death. Let us aim for a hand- some, well shaped, heavy, vigorous bird, bred to feather and form without any regard to getting any more pluck, than in a Hamburg, or Dorking. Of what utility is the gameness so loudly called for by many? None; in fact it really inter- feres with utility, and debars many from keeping the most beautiful of all fowls ; it causes game hens to do much dam- age in breaking eggs, laming each other, and fretting any other hens they may be among. The cocks must be kept in different pens; the young stock suffers much by quarrels, and in the words of one of the leading breeders of the day, " The quarrelsome disposition of the true-bred Game fowl makes this breed altogether unadapted to the purposes of the ordinary poultry keeper." It seems to me to be the duty of every fancier (in view of the laws) to breed out the fight- ing qualities of his Games, and I think it would be a great gain, in bringing this splendid variety of fowl into the list of useful varieties, where it never can come with its " dead- game " propensities. The English bird of the present day, is, I think, to be hailed in one way as a good move, as I have with the six or seven modern birds I have owned, or seen in the yards of friends, found the disposition to fighting, a good deal less than in birds bred ten or twelve years ago. Again, in the exhibition, the "steel test" cannot be applied to a cock, any more than the egg test to a hen, so I say let beauty of plumage and symmetry carry off the palm in Games, as in all other varieties, and if this, as it will probably be the means of making a more peaceable bird of the Game fowl, let us hail with pleasure the most beautiful of all fowls, as then one of the most useful. Eosb-comb. Staten Island, January 28, 1875. CROTCHETS OF THE POULTRY FANCY. BY PETER SIMPLE. No. 7. " I haTe so great a contempt and detestation for meanness, that I could sooner make a friend of one who had committed murder, than of a man who could be capable, in any instance, of the former vice. Under mean- ness, I comjjrehend dishonesty; under dishonesty, ingratitude; under ingratitude, irreligion; and under this latter, every species of vice and immorality in human nature." — Laurence interne. In this series of papers, direct personalities have been avoided, and types of fanciers, who indulge in peculiar "hobbies" only, have been written of. This will be the rule. But of all the crotchety people we meet with in the fraternity, none are latterly more pointedly open to criticism than are some of our leading writers on poultry, who incline persistently to press their opinions on the public ; for in- stance, as to the " origin " of certain varieties of domestic fowl which have for years been well known in this country and in England. Without mentioning names, this article will be devoted to two of these prominent personages, who it seems will not " agree to disagree," even, notwithstanding the fact that all the poultry papers on both sides of the Atlantic, (and sig- nally the Fanciers' Journal) have given up their columns to these lively disputants upon a subject of but slight moment, at best, until everybody is wearied with the interminable arguments of both, towards making the other out a knave, or an imbecile. One is a prominent Englishman, the other is a noted American writer. Both are "posted" in current poultry literature, and each is the author of several volumes upon subjects relating to fowl rearing, etc., which books have been generally pronounced able, readable, and instructive. One is plain, lucid, and determined in his way; the other's style is keen, pungent, and racy. The English author took the initiative in his books a few years ago, in opposition to the American writer's views about a certain breed of fowls which it is generally conceded were first known in this country ; and he certainly handled our Yankee authority without gloves, in his attempt to show that said fowl stock originated in India; while the other writer as stoutly contended that they were of Chinese pater- nity, and that he introduced this breed to the public in the first place. In consequence of this assault on the one hand, and the defence on the other, the poultry journals everywhere have been burthened with the long dissertations and disputes of these two spunky writers, until they have both run their FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 85 " crotchets " upon this subject clean into the ground anil no ono individual probably has changed or mudo up his mind as to whether ono or the other's claims and theory are ver- itable. The American holds his own pretty clearly, up to date in hia own estimation, at least; and ho has presented voluminous evidence in support of his theory, while the original cause of this dispute, namely a story related by an unknown per- sonage to the effect that the breed in question was " imported from India," has been utterly demolished by him apparently, whatever the real truth about their actual " origin " may be. Of what consequence is it to the brooders of to-day what exact locality these fowls caino from twenty-five years ago, since we have them so abundant in this country and in England, of as good or a better quality, now, than in the " aiild lang syne." But why, under any circumstances, should these two en- tertaining writers, who can oft'er so much to the fancy in a legitimate way, get at loggerheads after this fashion ? Why should thoy thus weary the poultry fanciers with their criminations and recriminations so absurdly? Above all, why should they essay to ventilate their "crotchets," each at the other's cost, when no possible good can accrue to any- body, through this long-winded and offensive conflict? But all this comes of being too crotchety, you observe. The Yankee has his faults, and ho has written much that he admits might better have been left unwritten. Yet those who know him declare he is a gonial, agreeable, straightfor- ward, upright gentleman in every respect, and has hosts of devoted friends. The Englishman is credited with being a man of sound talent and worth, and we know him to be an excellent writer upon poultry matters. He is highly es- teemed for his sterling good qualities, and there is no ques- tion that he writes what he believes to be veritable. Why should two such men be at variance? Or, if they must be, why annoy the editors and readers of all the poultry publica- tions in the world with the undesirable details of their personal quarrels, about a matter of no import to any one living ? It is consoling that we have had the end of this foggy discussion in your columns, judging from j-our editorial re- marks in a late issue. It is to be hoped that we have now seen the conclusion of this useless dispute, which has been so prolonged, so bitter, so uncalled for, so ill timed ; and, as I remarked at first, which has proven so crotchety a crotchet as these two writers have contrived to make it. "Peter Simple's " opinion is that neither gentleman has made much out of the other, in this wordy conflict. But Peter does not pretend that his judgment is infallible I If there were any "under dog" in this fight, Peter would gladly help him out. But, as it stands, it is very nearly a drawn game,and thus let us bid farewell to the discussion of these two crotchety crotcheters. New York, Decoiubcr 3, 187J. CRYSTAL PALACE SHOW. (Continued from page 736.) not desiring to screen wrong in any quarter, we think it right to state this impi-ession, subject to correction. Pullets were an aiofiil class — 120 pens. We do not agree with sev eral awards ; but honestly, we would not ourselves pretend to pick out the eight best from such a number. One gets bewildered ; and it is suggested to us whether, sooner or later, some plan of putting a lot in a pen togei/iei-, as is done at Glasgow with pigeons, will not have to bo adopted. The cup was, perhaps, the most questionable award of all, being a nice clear color, and sharply pencilled, but not evenly marked, and a small weedy bird, which will never make a good hen in our opinion. Second, Mr. Lcno'B beautiful bird, while fourth, was a bird we noticed at Oxford as very level with her. Third, neat, and a nice " high bred " look ; well worth her place. Fifth, not quite a clear ground, look- ing so at first sight, but on examination, stained with brown ; still better than cup in our opinion. Sixth, hocked and twisted hackle, but otherwise fine. Seventh, pencilled very darkly, but in bands much too broad for our taste; this, however, is a matter of taste, of course. Eighth, in our opin- ion ono of the best birds in the class, a dark and even steel gray, and much finer in body than many. There were many other grand birds. We note 700 (Walker), well marked, but coarse comb; 710 only wanting cushion; 711 (Stuart), very distinct in marking ; 719 (Miss Pennant), a handsome bird we liked much; 733 and 737 (Percival), rather hocked, but grand birds else ; 738 another fine bird (in cup pen at 0.\ford) ; 772 (wood), well developed and marked ; 808, a hocked but grand bird (Lingwood), we be- lieve cup at Birmingham Summer Show, here unnoticed. The highly-commended birds also had real merit, and it was a class, showing as much as any marked advance in breeding. The £5 5s. selling class was good. By the way, these classes have done much in the neighborhood for the poultry fancy, and we have been assured by residents that there is hardly any calculating the number who have been tempted into keeping fowls by the opportunity of getting good birds in these classes. We did not like first prize the cock being very red on back, and, we almost think, a wry tail. Second was a very handsome cockerel and fine pullet, in our opinion a better pen, which is to some extent borne out by the auction, where second, we believe, realized nine guineas, and first seven. Mr. Ansdell's third had a brown hen, but much better cock than first prize. Pens 838 (Stuart), and 840 (Percival), also very good, the latter wo almost fancy the same as won second at Derby in the open class. This will show the real quality that was to be picked up by the initiated ; indeed, we heard a very old breeder complain that these classes were "ruining the fancy," as now people could get so good and so cheap birds it checked sales. There is some truth in this perhaps ; but, as we have said, they bring many in to the fancy, and that fully bal- ances the account in our opinion. First in Light cocks was won by Hero (no longer "young "). He has his old grand shape and head and feath- ers, but, as we feared, the constant showing when he ought to have been at home for his moult has prevented his grow- in", and, for an old bird, he is very small. Second yellow. ish, but much finer, and grand shape and feather. Third very white, but a little clumsy carriage. Fourth yellowish an-ain. 887 (Mrs. Turner) we marked as a little bowed out at the hocks, or otherwise one of the best. The rest were barely moulted. The cup hen was hocky, creamy in color, and washy hackles, and we preferred second much, also a little creamy (this fault was, in fact, general), but much larsjcr and finer. The bird we fancied best, however, as the clearest cut-out in shade and best hackles, was fourth prize. The same exhibitor's 945 was also a nice white bird, with o-ood hackles, showing that these points can be bred even in old birds. We also liked 947 (Crook), but some black showed through her back. In cockerels, many good FANCIBES' JOTJENAL AKB POtJliTET EXCHANGE. birds, which at least deserved to be highly commended, were quite left out, beginning with the very first in the class (Gr. W. Peters), rather small, but nice shape, and very white, which has won at several shows. The cup bird was rather yellow, but large, good head, good hackle, and in the best bloom. Second even larger, a grand-shaped bird, but still more strawy in color. Third, same fault, with a coarse comb and pale hackles, but fine carriage and shape. I'ifth, only a little creamy, with very nice hackles, size and form. Sixth, very white, and good hackle, a little inferior in carriage to the others. Seventh, a neat bird, but slightly sandy, rather of a red than yellow cast. Eighth, we have no note of. We noted many excellent birds as very good, and must say there is generally a marked advance in shape, and the prevailing fault now is the yellow tinge. We liked best after the prizes, 954, 959, 961, 968, 975, 977, 988, 994, 1014, 1026. Pullets were the strongest class in the show — 133 entries, bringing close on £50 in prize-money. Cup and second were nice in shape and feather, but failing a little in hackle marking. We might say we think that all the prize-birds showed the creamy tinge, but were good \n shape and feather; sixth being particularly neat, and darkly-pencilled hackles. Mr. Cheshire's showed the shape and feather of last year, but were too small. 1150 (cock) was a fine neat bird, and we thought 1160 one of Mr. Haines' best ones. To select all the meritorious birds in this immense class is impossible. In the selling class, the winning pen contained a fine-shaped cock, but with no hackle marking. Second, also a good cook. Fourth, a very good hen. SPANISH. The first-prize old cock was a fine and even face for an old bird. Second rather coarse, but not well dressed. We, however, rather preferred third. This was only a middling class. In hens, Mr. Leeming's grand bird won, but not in good condition yet by any means. Second also a fine hen, but likewise not in fettle, looking blue in face. Third in better trim, and though undoubtedly not so good a bird, should, we think, at this show, have stood first. The cup cockerel was remarkable for having one ear-lobe quite flat and open, the other very good also. He had a large, smooth face. Second was rather too wrinkled to please us, and we fear will be coarse as an old bird. Third again, very smooth, and pretty open in lobe. 1249 (Mr. Brown), slightly less smooth, but a fine large face and good comb. The winning pullet was a wonderfully good-faced bird in prime condition, and second a very good average show Spanish. Third was shown very rough and almost untrimmed, and if " done up " would look far better. TRENCH. The Houdans did not strike us as equal to what we have seen formerly. The cup cock was large, with good feet, and comb filled up in centre, though rather too " tined " in character. Second we did not like, being not only Creve- oombed, but with abundant traces of leg feather. Third was darker, and a good comb, but one back toe was curled upwards into a complete circle. In hens, first prize had a grand crest, but was not large, and had a back toe much swollen. Second was a larger bird, but less pure in color, and less even in spangling. Third seemed a very old bird, with a good crest, but very light in color. We noticed 1299 (Dring), 1303 and 1307 (Quibell), 1313 (Swan), and 1316 (Wood), as very nice hens. The winning cockerel was large and fine, with good crest, but the comb so complained of, having barely rudiments even of tines. We have noted either second or third — we think the latter — as a sprightly bird, but knock-kneed, which we dislike in any breed ; and fourth had legs as white as a Dorking's, but was a fine-bodied bird. We mention the defect as another point that may be discussed as whether or not admissible in a Houdan. The winning pullet was very fine in crest, which seemed to us ohiefiy considered in judging these classes; also good feet and comb, and was a nice medium-colored bird. Second, also good in crest and color. Third was very light for a pul- let, and either had a nasty tumor on one foot, or looked as if a supernumerary growth had been cut off. Foot disease or malformation of some sort, is evidently increasing in this breed. Fourth a largish, good bird. Pen 1356 was very fine, but looked to us like a hen; and 1357 (Hibbert), was large, but failed in crest; 1375 (Miss Neville) is very large, if a pullet, and 1382 was a short-legged, heavy bird. The winning Creve cocks this time all had proper combs, and were good; the winners being, in our opinion, well se- lected. Hens contained one (1414 Miss Arnold) of the Blue, or rather Andalusian color, not very heavy, but, as a rarity, should, we think, have been highly commended. All the winners were short-legged birds with good crest; indeed, third prize was far too short, only showing an inch and a half of shank, as little as a good Scotch Dumpy, which gave a queer look. 1425 (Dring) was a fine bird, but rusty color, and 1430 (Wood) a grand hen. The winning and second- prize cockerels were Mr. Wood's pair of giants. The win- ning pullet was a smallish bird, with fine crest and in beau- tiful bloom and lustre, the rest looking dingy beside her. Second larger, but, as we say, less in lustre, though with good crest. Third was the largest of the three, and we liked her well ; also 1457 (Dring) fine, but looking over-shown, and 1458 (Maiden) entered very low, and wanting crest, but a very fine-bodied bird. HAMBUEQS. The Hamburg classes were none of them large in point of numbers, but the quality, taking them altogether, was very good. The Spangled, we think, were superior to the Penciled ; and of the Spangled, the Golden certainly con- tained the best birds. The Silver-Spangled hens seem to have suffered sadly from the attempt to amalgamate the two distinct races, the Lancashire and Yorkshire. The amal- gamation is undoubtedly most desirable ; but in trying to bring it about, it is a great pity that breeders should have let one of the great points of the breed slip through their lingers. We allude to the beautiful green gloss, which used to add so much to the beauty of old-fashioned Mooneys, but which is now very, very rarely indeed seen in a show-pen. We hope that if the out-of-the-way corners of Lancashire are diligently searched, sufficient of the old blood may still be found to prevent so great a beauty being lost utterly, and that before long we may see Silver-Spangled hens as rich in color as their Golden relations still are. To come to partic- ulars. In the Golden-Spangled cocks, Mr. Beldon's first prize was an excellent specimen, with good comb and ears, rich color, and famous wing-bars, but was slightly grizzled with white on thighs. Second was a fair bird, but too light in hackle. The third was very handsome as regards plu- mage but not over straight in comb. No. 1475 was also good in all points, and very free from white underneath. The prevailing faults in this class were, light hackles and the white "grizzled" on the thighs and feet, which seem so difficult to get rid of in this breed. In this latter fault the FANCIBKS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 87 hens iilso shared. Hens formed a very oven class, there being very few second-rate birds. The Duke of Southerland won first and cup for Hamburg hens with a good hen, but not 80 good, in our opinion, as the second (Mr. Robinson's), ■ which was better in spangling, and also freer from white tips to the feathers than the first, and had better wing-mark- ings, without any signs of lacing on them. The third was a nice hen, as also wore 1483, 1485, and 1487. {To bo coutinued.) PiqEO[J DEf/^F^JIVIEflj. MOORE'S WORK ON PIGEONS, (Continued from page 71.) COLUMBA CYPRIA CUCULLATA. The Jacobin Pigeon. The Jacobin, or as it is vulgarly called for shortness, the Jack, is, if true, the smallest of all pigeons, and the smaller still the better ; it has a range of feathers inverted quite over the hinder part of the head, and reaching down on each side of the neck to the shoulders of the wings, which forms a kind of a friar's hood ; from hence this pigeon has its name Jacobin, because the fathers of that order all wear hoods to cover their bald crowns ; hence the upper part of this range of feathers is called the hood, and the more compact these feathers are, and the closer to the head, so much the more this bird is esteemed. The lower part of this range of feathers is called by us the chain, but the Dutch call it the cravat, the feathers of this chain ought to be long and close, so that if you strain the neck a little, by taking hold of the bill, the two sides will lap over each other in some of the best; but there are but very few now to be found in Eng- land complete. The Jacobin ought to have a very short bill, the shorter the better, and a clean pearl eye. As for the feather, there are reds, yellows, blues, blacks, and mottles ; but be the feather what it will, they ought to have a clean white head, white flight, and white tail. Of these pigeons some are feather-legged and footed, others are not, and both sorts are equally esteemed, according to the various inclination of different fanciers. COLUMBA CUCULLATA MINOR. The Capuchin. This pigeon is in shape and make very like the Jacobin, and has its name like the former from another set of hooded ecclesiastics. It is something larger in body than the Jack, its beak longer, it has a tolerable hood but no chain, it is in feather and other properties the same. Some will assert it to be a distinct species, but I am more inclinable to imagine it is only a bastard breed from a Jacobin and another, pigeon ; however, thus far I am sure, that a Jack and another will breed a bird so like it, as will puzzle the authors of this as- sertion to distinguish it, from what they call their separate COLU.MUA VESTALI8. The ^'lm. The Ruff should in proper order have been next inserted, as being nearest in kind to,the two foregoing ; but we choose rather to introduce the Nun in this place, that she might be as near as possible to those venerable sons of the church, who generally take a great delight to associate themselves with the female saints. The Nun, therefore, is a bird somewhat larger than a Jacobin, her plumage is very particular, and she seems en- tirely to take her name from it, her being as it were covered with a veil. Her body is all white, her head, tail, and six of her flight leathers ought to be entirely black, red, and yellow ; and whatever feathers vary from this are said to be foul, though the best of them all will sometimes be apt to breed a few foul feathers, and those that are but little so, though not so much valued, will often breed as clean-feathered birds as those that are not. A Nun ought likewise to be pearl-eyed, and to have a white hood or tuft of feathers on the hinder part of the head, which the larger it is, adds a considerable beauty to the bird. COLUMBA GALETEA. The Helmet This pigeon is much about the size of a Nun, or somewhat bigger. The head, tail, and flight feathers of the wings, are always of one color, as black, red, yellow ; and I have been informed there are some blue, and all the rest of the body white, so that the chief difierence between them and the Nun is, that they have no hood on the hinder part of the head, and are generally gravel-eyed. They are called Helmets from their heads being covered with a plumage which is distinct in color from the body, and appears somewhat like a helmet to cover the head. COLUMBA CUCULLATA EUDIS. The Ruff. This pigeon is larger than the true original Jacobin, though in shape and make much the same. It has a longer beak, the irides of the eyes in some are of a pearl color, in others of a gravel color, the feathers of its hood and chain are much longer, though the chain does not come down so low to the shoulders of the wings, neither are they near so compact and close as the others, but are apt to blow about with every blast of wind, fall more backward oft" the head, and lie in a rough confused manner, whence the pigeon has its name. The strain of Jacobins has been much vitiated by match- ing them to this pigeon, in order to improve their chain by the length of the Ruffs feathers, but instead of this, the Jack is bred larger, longer beaked, looser in its hood and chain, and in short worsted in all its original properties. COLUMBA IN GYRUM FLECTENS. The Finnikin. This pigeon is in make and shape very like a common Runt, and much about the same size. The crown of its head is turned much after the manner of a snake's head ; it b gravel-eyed and has a tuft of feathers on the hinder part of the crown, which runs down its back not unlike a horse's main ; it is clean-footed and legged and always black, and blue pied. When it is salacious, it rises over its hen and turns round three or four times, flapping its wings, then re- verses and turns as many the other way. ^To be continued.) FANOIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. JFaNCIEES' JJOUENAL AND Sp OULTEY Q^XOHANaS, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Katjb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Nortli Ninth Street, Philadelphia. StrBSCRIPTION— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " 2 50 Per Annum, Foreign Subscribers 3 54 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. OUR TRIP TO BOSTON, AND -WHAT WE SAW THERE. Our services being solicited to assist in judging at the Mass. Poultry Association, for the " third term," we excused ourself on the ground of excessive labor, but still later, re- ceiving a telegram from Mr. E. C: Comey that we "must come," we at once set about preparing for the journey, and in company with A. P. Groves, of this city, we left Philadel- phia on the 26th of January, by the 4.30 train for New York, leaving New York at 9 p.m., on the Shore line, expecting to pick up A. M. Halsted at Eye, in which we were not disappointed, and a couple of hours were passed very pleas- antly before we retired for the night. We reached Boston about 6.30 a.m., and the climate alone convinced us that we were not in Philadelphia ; we made our way to the Tre- mont House, where we soon placed ourselves on the outside of a good breakfast; after accomplishing which, we directed our steps to the Music Hall, one of the finest exhibition rooms in this country. We were glad to find that one of our ideas had been carried out, that of placing the names of ex- hibitors on the coops as soon as placed in position. We at once made our way to the Dark Brahma class, which was not near so large as usual, but contained some magnificent birds. A trio of old birds owned by Philander Williams, of Taunton, were exceedingly fine, and took first. Messrs. Wardwell and Buzzell also showed some choice spe- cimens. There was also a very choice display of young birds in this class, by a boy (Master Codwell), who is a boy only in years ; he is wide-awake and a thorough fancier, and will be heard from again. We were sorry to notice that Mr. Tuttle, of Savin Hill, was not present, neither were his birds there in force as of yore. He had a few coops on exhibition, but they did not show the usual good care his birds have been in the habit of receiving. We understand that Mr. Tuttle's health has been much impaired, and that he intends traveling for a time ; we shall look anxiously for his return to the exhibition room. Our time was so limited that we cannot give a full report of the show, so will notice exhibitors and their stock, as they come under our observation. E. S. Ongley, of Auburn, New York, was there as a matter of course, and insisted on our going to see his Hamburgs, among which was a Golden-Spangled Hamburg cook ; this, and a White Leghorn cockerel, shown to us by J. Boardman Smith, of North Haven, Connecticut, were the most perfect specimens we ever saw of these kinds of birds, and were sim- ply wonderful. We understood Mr. Smith to say that he had sold the cockerel for $.50, and he was well worth it. Mr. Ongley informed us that the Hamburg above mentioned took first as a cockerel, at the Crystal Palace, and was pre- sented to him by Mr. Henry Beldou, of England. Mr. A. J. Tuck, of Nashua, N. H., was here with his Silver-Pen- ciled Hamburgs, but being so much interested with the owner we did not get time to examine his birds, which have' made their mark wherever they have gone, and have already taken many prizes in Pennsylvania, the home of the Ham- burgs ; the fanciers of which, are sprightly little fellows and do not do anything by halves. Mr. Williams was too much taken up with the duties of his ofiice, to notice his birds much, but did occasionally steal a little time to visit them with some admiring friend. Not so with his co-worker, Mr. Comey. We doubt whether any duties would keep him away from his favorites ; he is proud of them, and justly so, for he has bred many, very many, extra fine birds. We did not get a chance to examine Mr. Buzzell's stock at all, whose specialty is in Light Brahmas, and in which he is not often beaten; his birds are bred with care, and are of a little diflferent make from Messrs. Williams and Comey. The above three breeders do not "find it necessary to pedigree their stock to sell it," as the show pens all over the United States will testify. White Cochins were very fine and in good force, but as we do not know the exhibitors' names, we refer our readers to the list of awards, which will follow in due time. Black Cochins were not so good as far as we noticed them. Pea-comb Partridge Cochins were out in full force, and Mr. Edmonds, their originator, is bound to make them a success. By referring to our advertising pages, it will be noticed that one of our Western breeders (Mr. Parham), is already making a specialty of them. Game Bantams were a large class and contained many choice specimens. Mr. Dix- on, of Worcester, an enthusiast, was here with many of his fine specimens of Game Bantams and Babbits. Mr. A. J. Colburn was on hand with a fine collection of song and orna- mental birds too numerous to mention. The display of game and ornamental fish was very fine, and contained many very large specimens of Graylings, Trout, Pike, and Black Bass, for the condition of which, Mr. Mather deserves much credit, having brought them di- rect from the Pittsburg show, some 600 or 700 miles distant ; but Mr. Mather seems to be adapted by nature for this fancy, having apparently a strong constitution, and being a great lover of animated nature, more especially of game, whether it be of fin, fur or feather. The display of pigeons was very large, and contained many rare specimens, some of which we have neither seen nor heard of before this show. We believe they were ex- hibited by a son of Mr. Wm. H. Brackett. One pair "Ger- man Swoops" were similar to very dark Suabians, but much more brilliant in plumage. Two other pairs were exhibited which had the appearance of a cross between a Barb and a Carrier, and partaking of the qualities of both parents. The peculiarity of these birds was that the ball of the eye was not less than one-half inch across. Mr. B. had other rare birds on exhibition, which we hope to give a careful description of in a future_number. Mr. Portland, Maine, exhibited a pair of Bagdad Carriers, which were entirely new to us. It appears that Mr. : — saw the description in " Moore's Work," which we are now publishing in the Journal, and ordered the birds from London. As they are to be sent to our office to be portrayed after the show, we will leave the description until that time. PANCIBKS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 89 Toys wore woU roprosonted by almost every known va- riety; Messrs. Sonvey, Ball, Hero, Ellis, showing each largo collections. Fantiiils wore exceedingly fine, and well represented by all colors, and among them some good Blacks. Messrs. Williams and Seavey showed fine collec- tions of Yellows, which are yet very rare in this country. We thought Mr. Williams' birds best in tail and carriage, wliile Mr. Seavoy's were very line in color. This gentleman had a very large and fine collection in beautiful exhibition cages, but being in sections they were a nuisance to the judges, preventing the birds being classified. Some time ago we gave a description of Mr. Seavoy's loft, said to be the largest and finest in the United States. vSub- sequently we received a stereoscopic view of the interior of the loft, and new we are pleased to be able to present to our readers an engraving of MR. SE.\VEY'S PIGEON LOFT. In which will be noticed a peculiar nest box, some of which he had on exhibition, and when well painted make quite a good exhibition coop, mating cage, and nest box combined. We have no doubt that Mr. S. would furnish a sketch or plan should any of our readers desire to make an improved nest box. Mr. P. C. Biegel, of 19 Bethune Street, New York, had on exhibition a fine lot of Carriers. These birds, as well as a fine collection of Pouters from Portland, JEaine, we did not get time to examine, but our readers will be sure to find them in the list of awards. The Massachusetts Poultry Society is peculiarly con- structed; the oiScers and members seem like one large family, and so necessary to each other that it seems impos- sible to spare any one. They have had but one president since they organized, and have been remarkably successful, they having but one rival — and that is Buttalo, where we hope to meet the largest gathering of fanciers ever assem- bled in this country. LARGE PURCHASE OF FINK FOWLS. We are informed that E. T. M. Simmons, of Oil City, this State, has purchased the entire stock of fowls formerly owned by Dr. Munroe, consisting of many varieties, most of which are either imported or out of imported eggs from the stock of noted English fanciers. Mr. J. M. Ferris, of Stamford, Conn., has lately made many good sales of fine fowls, among them some Bantams which took first at Philadelphia ; also a trio that took first at Pittsburg, Pa. PRAIRIK CHICKENS. Some four weeks ago we purchased a pair of prairie chickens, wliich are quite tame. We turned them loose ia our large pigeon loft; at first when flying they would strike against the ceiling or window, but have now become quite accustomed to the room, and will fly around with as much ease as a pigeon. Wu would like to know more about them ; especially whether they will breed in confinement or not. We would like to hear from C. J. Ward or Jas. A. Storm, who, we believe, have had considerable experience with them. At the recent Essex County Poultry Show in Salem, Capt. Win.sor M. Ward, of Peabody, entered 8 coops of Brahmas, 4 of Light, and 4 of Dark. Upon these 8 coops he won 20 premiums; one coop (Light Brahma chicks) winning 9 premiums. Who can beat this? Your new heading is an exceedingly creditable affair, brother Wade, and has convinced us that an American art- ist has done in a few hours what an English artist failed to do in a year." Have your work done by American artists, friend Wade, and you will save time, money, and gain renown thereby. — American Journalist. PATENT SELF-BINDERS. In response to numerous inquiries, we beg to announce that we are now prepared to furnish our patrons with a complete Self -Binder , holding from a single copy of the Journal to an entire volume, each number can be inserted as received. They are in full cloth, embossed and gilt side, being an ornament as well as a very great convenience. Price, $1.00. Address Jos. M. Wade, S9 North Ninth Street, Pbiladilphia. THE NATIONAL COLUMBARIUM SOCIETY Will hold their Second Annual Grand Exhibition of Pigeons in the city of New York, opening on the 25lh of February next. Prize-lists, etc., can be had of the Secretary, L. Burlingame, 14 Murray Street. The indications are that this show will eclipse the magnificent one of last year. CoF^F^ESpOfJDEfJCE. A QUERY. In a report of the late poultry show, at the Crystal Pal- ace, London, published in January Number of the Bulletin, the writer a-^ks the following question : " If American fan- ciers possess the extraordinary Light and Dark Brahmas which they claim to possess, equal, for instance, to the al- most id'-al pairs of bird? drawn on pages 1S8 and 189 of the September number of your contemporary, the Poultry World, why do they not send them to England and win our cups and prizes with them?" Your humble servant would like to ask why the fortu- nate possessors of such birds as those referred to above do not exhibit them in our own country? Shall we see them at Bufialo, N. Y. Who will answer ? Vindki. 90 PANCIBRS' JOtTRNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. (For Fanciers' Journal.) CORRECTIOirS. I WISH to thank the editor of the Journal for the accuracy with which he generally prints my communications. I wish, however, to correct one or two mistakes. The errors are not to be attributed, however, to any carelessness of type-setter or proof-reader, but to indistinctness in the pen- manship. In the fourth paragraph of my article on the standard, in No. 1 of the Journal, " such " should read " each " In your last number, in third paragraph, the word "ire" should be '^ so." It will then read, " So that the editor will feel," etc. Through some mistake on my part, the words, " Itis to be hoped" were omitted after '^and." The sentence should read, "And it is to be hoped that Pennsylvania fanciers will be especially active in promoting its circulation." By ma- king these corrections you will oblige Tours truly, P. R. W. will pay a large profit and require no work, he will make a great discovery of which there is neither record nor tradi- tion. Marlow, N. H., January, 1875. J. H. MORRISON. Editor Fanciers' Journal : In reply to " Novice," I would say that if he looks at the general description of a Game cook or hen in the " new standard," he will see that only single combs are recognized, and it is just as unnecessary to make rose combs a disquali- fication, in any variety of Games, after the above general description, as it would be to make single combs a disqualifi- cation in Light Brahmas, after giving a general description of the Brahmas. P. W. Httdson. CFor Fanciers' Journal.3 HENS IN WINTER. Of all the delusions and snares in which the farming com- munity has been involved for generations, there are none for pure transparency, exceeding the idea that hens can be kept through the winter without expense, lay all the time, and come out in good condition in the spring. Men who have no idea that they can stop the sun in its course, change stones into bread, or make the gravel in the streets turn at once into fourteen karat gold, seem to think that hens can be kept on a farm with but little trouble and trifling expense. They believe that a miracle would be required for the per- formance of the other things named, but imagine that some- how the keeping of hens and making them a source of profit is a very easy and simple thing. Any one can do that, they say. There is no need of buying anything to give the hens, or of throwing out corn for them. They will pick up stuS' and get all they want in this way. So these kind-hearted (?) men let the biddies lookout for themselves. They expect to have fresh eggs all winter. Will their expectations be realized? Not until they obtain power over nature to pre- vent the enforcement of her laws. When they have the ability to work miracles, they may induce neglected and half-starved hens to lay in the winter ; until that time they must either take care of their hens or else buy eggs. If any farmer intends to keep his hens from sufl'ering and to have them lay during the cold weather, let him provide a light, warm, cheerful room, plenty of food of various kinds, and materials for making the shells for eggs, pure water in abundance, and on pleasant days give them two or three hours of liberty in the cattle yards. To do this will take some time, make some trouble, and involve some expense, but the reward will be sure, and will amply repay for all the outgoes of every kind. When any one finds a business which Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir : On the 25th of December. I received a very fine Golden-Penciled Hamburg cock from A. J. Tuck, which he imported expressly for me, from H. Beldon, En- gland. Mr. Beldon says of him : " He won first at Birm- ingham, and a lot of prizes since. His latest feat was at Burnley, where he, with a hen, took cup as the best pen on exhibition." Eespectfullly yours, C. B. Stone, Jr. Bakton, Vermont. Pkiend Wade: Please correct mistake in your paper, as I took silver cup for the best Silver-Penciled cock at the Doylestowu show. I also took special, No. 25. ' Tours, P. Taylor. Oakdalb, January 29, 1875. Friend W-4-de : In making up my published list of judges at the late Pair of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Association, I omitted the name of Mr. L. Burlingame, of NewTork City, our judge on pigeons, who labored faithfully for two days in the per- formance of his duties, having over two hundred and twenty cages of birds to examine and pass judgment upon ; including almost every known variety of birds, and pro- nounced by him to be the best show of pigeons that he ever witnessed. Tours, etc., Theo. P. Harvet, DoYLESTOWN, Pa., Jan. 29, 1875. Secretary. (For Fanciers' Journal.) I SAW an announcement some weeks ago for- an election of officers, and also amendments to Constitution of American Poultry Association. The thought crossed my mind that the way these matters were done was not the right way — for the reason that the membership of the Society is scat- tered all over the country. To get many to attend a meet- ing for the election of officers would be almost an impossi- bility. It is no easy matter to get a respectable number to meet in convention, even at the time of the holding of a great show. This is not because of a want of interest, but ability to bear expense or leave business. I not being able to be present at Bufl'alo, and there may be many others, am there- fore debarred the privilege of voting upon amendments or officers. This is not right, and I think the interests of the Society would be advanced if, in convention at Buffalo, " it would inaugurate some plan by which the vote, if not the opinion, of every absent member might be heard upon all important matters, at least for officers and amendments to Constitution. Colonel. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir ; Will some of the correspondents of the Fan- ciers' Journal inform me, through its columns, how bird- lime is made and used ? And oblige, M. 8^" A country paper explains : " Lives there a man with soul so dead, who never to himself has said, 'I'll pay, before I go to bed, the debt I owe the printer ? ' Tes, there are some, we know full well, who never such a tale could tell, but they, I fear, will go to well, the place where there's no winter." FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 91 AND YOUNG FOLK'S COKNEK. .^r- All coinmunicatlona and contributions Intended for this depart- ment Hhould be addressed to HOVVAUD I. IRELAND, ConcordvlUe, Delaware Co., Pa. (For Fanciers' Journal.) TRAPS AND TRAPPING. No. 3. DKAD FALLS. TiiK dead full is u.ouiilly a heavy log so arranged that it will fall and crush any animal tampering with the bait. The simplest form of this kind of trap is shown in Fig. 6. It consists of a plank supported by a " figure four." Stones are sometimes placed on the plank to give it additional weight. The "figure four" used to set a dead fall should be made of hard, tough wood, as a heavy log or plank will break the thin, weak sticks used for the "figure four" of the bo.x trap. The dead fall, shown in Fig 6, is used for ceding deud-fnll. When a dead-fall iH made with a plank, stakes are sometimes driven on each side of the plank no that an animal can enter the trap through the front only, and the spring trap is sure to crush him. If the dead-fall descends on the legs, parts of the head only, the animal is almost sure to free himself. (?) catching small animals, such as rats, squirrels, weasels, etc., but for larger creatures, like the mink, skunk, raccoon, it is better to make it similar to the one in Fig. 7. One log is placed on another, and a notch cut or a nail driven into the lower one, so that the upper one will not slip when set. This dead fall is set with a common " figure four," and the latter should be at right angles with the log. The bait stick is inclosed by stakes or brush, so that to reach the bait the animal must pass under the raised log. Stakes are driven on each side of the dead fall to steady it and direct its fall. Another way in which to make a dead fall is shown in Fig. 8. A stump is selected standing near a tree. A log long enough to reach from the tree to the stump is fastened by a rope to the tree, on a line with the top of the stump. The tied log has a hinge-like motion. A " figure four " is set under the end of the log resting on the stump, and the bait stick inclosed by sticks or brush. To reach the bait, the creature must jump upon the stump and pass under the log. Stakes are driven on each side of log as with the pre- B®"A Cunning Artisan. — No bird, or other animal, not even man himself, can excel the beautiful workmanship of the tiny creature known as the " brick-maker," which is scarcely visible to the naked eye. By the use of the micro- scope it has been discovered that she not only builds her house, but manufactures her own brick, and lays them up, one by one, with no workman to assist. The house is usu- ally attached to some water-plant ; but I have seen the young ones, upon a few occasions, anchor their dwellings to the parent-house. When the animal is resting or is in any way disturbed, she settles down in the lower part of the tube ; but when all is quiet and she is in good working condition, with no nursery of young ones around her, she is pretty sure to reward us with a sight of her four beautiful wheels, which she sets in rapid motion, thus forming a swift current which brings the food and the material for the brick close to her head ; and she has the power of selection, for she often rejects particles brought to her mouth. The ap- paratus for moulding the brick is within the body. The material is brought through the action of the wheels to a small opening, where it is passed down to the apparatus which is in rapid, whirling motion, soldering the particl-is together until they become, seemingly, a solid ball ; now she ejects the brick from its mold, bends her head over, and securely places it on top of the structure. It takes about three minutes to manufacture each brick. ADTERTISEMEXTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of twelve words, each number or initial will count as one word. For three months, 12).^ per cent. disconnU " six mouths, 25 " " " nine months S"?.j '* " " twelve months, 50 " " CHANGED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance. J^^ Advertisements to be sur« of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Our terms are cash on presentation of the bill, otherwise the abova heavy discounts will not be made. Exchanges limited to 43 words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every Insertion. 92 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. BiNDlSTQ for Journal of 1874 is now ready (see advertise- ment elsewhere). Fanciers wisliing their Journal bound in good shape, will do well to mail them to this oiSce Postage, one cent for every two ounces. The name of subscriber will be stamped on the cover, free, when requested. Exclj;\NqEs. ;^*Advektisements in this Column, of Five Lines, ok Foety- EiGHT WoKDs, DESCRIBING AND OFFERING for excbange Only, will be allowed at 25 cents for each and every INSERTION. WOUI/B EXCHANGE.— steel spurs, two Dark Brahma pullets, and a good collection of coins — for Red Pile Game fowls, or Black-breasted Red or Pile Game Bantams. Address ALFRED A. BEBOW, Lock Box 702, Watertown, N. Y. TO EXCHANGE.— A Flobert Rifle, with two hundred cartridges, and four fonts of job type, nearly new — for Dark Brahmas, Buff Cochins, or Silver Sebright Bautams. Address ED. P. SCOTT, McConnelsville, Ohio. YFII^r, EXCHANGE.— Jersey and Grade calves, and Houdan fowls — for White Cochins, Partridge Cochin pullets, Plymouth Rocks, Fekin Ducks, or other No. 1 fowls. S. B. SMITH, Eo.xbury, Conn. Wltli EXCHANGE One trio of Golden-Spangled Hamburgs' pure bred, lor American Bominiques, Plymouth Rocks, or Leghorns" What offers? Address MATT. HAFLE, Box 125, Foxbury, Clairion County, Pa. TO EXCHANGE A beautiful liver and white Pointer pup (bitch) for a trio of Plymouth Rocks or Silver-Spangled Hamburgs. Also, a Blue Magpie or Black Baldhead cock for a White-crested Fantail cock. B. F. WHITE, Ashley F.-ills, Mass. TO EXCHANGE.— A pair of Blue Magpies, or Red or Yellow Highflying Tumblers — for a first-class pair of Brown Leghorns or Silver Duckwing Bantams, Address B, F. WHITE, Ashley Falls, Mass. FOR EXCHANGE.— A new ($80) pattern Grover & Baker Sewing Machine, for Fancy Pigeons. Nothing but first-class birds wanted. Address ARTHUR J. COLBUEN, 31 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. FOR EXCHANGE.— Two pair Rouen Ducks, first premium stock, for Fancy Pigeons or Game Bantams, either Duckwings or Brown Reds Address ARTHUR J. COLBURN, 31 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. TO EXCHANGE Partridge Cochins, Crevecceurs, pure White Muscovy and Mallard Ducks — for Rouen or Aylesbury Ducks, Turkeys, Brown Leghorns, or Fancy Pigeons of any variety. STONY BROOK POULTRY YARDS, Stony Brook, Long Island. ■WIM, EXCHANGE — A choice Rouen Drake (Todd stock), value 35; a trio Cayugas, value $8; P. Cochin or W. Leghorn cockerels, value $3 each— for P. or Buff Cochins ; D. or L. Brahmas; Bronze Turkeys; or Aylesbury Ducks. Fowls must be good. Would also trade a good, new, silver watch, value S30, for extra choice fowls. Write for particulars. G. W. PLEASANTS, Wright City, Mo. WIMi EXCHANGE Game Bantams, offered elsewhere, for Pile and Duckwing Game Bantams. A few Silver Sebrights wajited. OIL CITY POULTRY YARDS, Oil City, Pa. ■Wm EXCHANGE.— One Solid Red Pouter cock (heavily booted, sixteen and a half inches long, and good blower), and one Black Carrier hen, for one White Pouter hen, sixteen and a half inches long, heavily booted, and good blower. Address PETER LEPP, East Saginaw, Mich. WIUL EXCHANGE.— A Graves' Incubator, for Fancy Fowls or Pigeons of any kind, or for any other desirable property. If you want an incubator, you will find it to your interest to write for particulars C. E. L, HAYWARD, Peterboro, N. H. TO EXCHANGE For White Fantail (male), Black B. R. or Gol- den Sebright Bantam Hen, a pair of Guinea Pigs. Also a good rifle, for D. Brahma hens or pullets, or eggs from same. Must be good. Address M. W. MINER, Wyoming, 111. rOR EXCHANGE.— Three pairs of Tumbler Pigeons— one pair Red, one pair Black-Mottled, and one pair Yellow-Splashed. Also, one Inside Tumbler cock. The flock for one pair of Autwerps. P. 0. Box, 80. ALLEN H. TWINING, Doylestown, Bucks Co., Pa. ■WIILI. EXCHANGE.— Dark Brahma cockerels, Light Brahma cockerels or pullets— for White or Partridge Cochin, or Dark Brahma pullets. Only fine birds given or received. Eggs from my Dark or Light Brahmas, for Bronze Turkey eggs. Address R. Y. FAIBSERVICE, East Newiirk, N. J. "Wllil. EXCHANGE.— One trio Heathwood Game chicks, six hens, and six pullets, for same number Brown Leghorn fowls or chicks (Bonney's or Kinney's strains). JOHN M. TATE, Box 577, Pittsburg, Pa. "WIIo;-A(»7.s.— White Dorkings— 1st, C. N. Brown; 2d, J. Y. Bicknell ; 3cl, C. N. Brown. Colored Dorkin-'s- 1st, R. P. Wolcott, Holland Patent; 2d, G. Anderson,°AI- bany; 3d, C. N. Brown. Chicks, 1st, 2d, and 3d, R. P. Wolcott. Dominiques— Chicks, 1st, J. Y. Bicknell. Ply- mouth Rocks— Fowls, 1st A. H. Drake, Stockton, Mass'. • 2d and 3d, A. Leach. Chicks, 1st and 2d, A. H. Drake. ' Class o. //n»(6M)-i7«.— GoUlon-Spangled— 1st, L. B. Ely, Jr. ; 2d, A. Fosgate, Auburn ; 3d, j". N. Jacobs, Holland Patent. Chicks, 1st, George W. Wood, Ithaca ; 2d, J. Y Bicknell; 8d, Newton Adams, Utica. Silver-Span'-rled- 1st, Warren Worden, Auburn; 2d, William R. Hills, Al- bany ; 3d, K. H. Loucks. Chicks, 1st, 2d, and 3d, William R. Hills. Golden-Penciled— 1st, L. D. Ely, Jr; 'M, Wiek- -on & Dickerson, Lyons. Chicks, 1st, J. Y. Bicknell ; 2d, L D. Ely, Jr. ; 3d, C H. Warren, Verona. Silver-Pen- ciled—2d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Chicks, 1st, L. D. Ely, Jr. Black Hamburgs— 1st, Warren A. Worden; 2d, L. "D. Ely, Jr. Chicks, "ist, T. R. Proctor, Bagg's Hotel Farm ; 2d, J. Y. Bicknell; .3d, L. D. Kly, Jr. Class 6. Polish Fouls. — Black Polands — Chicks, let, J. Y. Bicknell. White Polands— 1st, F. H. Loucks; 2d, W. & E. Jennings, Newton, Lower Falls, Mass. Chicks, 1st, W. & E. Jennings. Golden Polands— 1st, W. W. Tibbitts; 2d and 3d, C. H. Warren. Chicks, 1st, C. H. Warren | 2d, C. D. Cartlvright it Co., Fairport ; 3d, W. W. Tibbitts. Silver Polands — 2d, E. A. Putnam, Syracuse. Chicks, 1st, E. A Putnam. Class 7. Games —1st, C. H. Warren ; 2d, J. T. Bick- nell ; 3d, John Fulton, Gloversville. Chicks, 1st, A. B. Smith, Whitesboro; 2d and 3d, J. Y. Bicknell. Brown Breasted Red Games — Chicks, 2d, W. R. Dudley, Augusta. Duckwing Games— Fowls, 1st, A. B. Smith ; 2d, John Ful- ton ; 3d, C. H. Warren. Silver Duckwings — Fowls, 1st, W. R. Dudley. Chicks, 1st, J. M. Seymour, Westmore- land ; 2d, C. H. Warren; 3d, J. Y. Bicknell. Yellow Duckwing— Chicks, 1st, John Fulton : 2d, John R. Nichols, Poolville^N. Y. ; 3d, J. Y. Bicknell. Pile Games— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell. Chicks, 1st and 2d, J. Y. Bicknell ; 3d, John Fulton. Derby Games— Fowls, 1st, C. H. Warren ; 2d, W. R. Dudley." Chicks, John Fulton; 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Irish Grays— 2d, John Fulton ; Chicks, 1st, W. R. Dudley ; 2d, Daniels & Williams, Utica. White Georgian Games — Ist, J. Y. Bicknell ; 2d, W. R. Dudley. Chic'ks, 1st, John Fulton ; 2d, W. R. Dudley. Best pair Ginger Red Game chicks, D. H. Dygert, Ilion. Black Games— 1st, W. R. Dudley. Chicks^ 1st, same. Muff Games— Fowls, 1st, J. Y. Bicknell. Chicks, 1st, same ; 2d, John E. Kuhn, New York Mills. Class 8. Game Baninms. — Black-Breasted Red Games — 1st, Smith & Hodge, Buffalo; 2d, C. H. Crosby, Danburr, Conn.; 3d, C. N. Brown. Chicks, C. H. Crosby; 2d, Smith & Hodge; 3d, W. & E. Jennings. Brown-Breasted Reds — 1st, Smith it Hodge; 2d, George W. Dixon, Wor- cester, Mass. ; 3d, C. N. Brown. Chicks, 1st, Smith & Hodge; 2d, C. H. Townsend. Best pair Ginger Red Game Bantams, C. H. Townsend. Silver Duckwing Bantams — 1st, Smith & Hodge; 2d, C. D. Cartwright & Co., Fairport; 3d, L. D. Ely. ""Chicks, 1st. C. H. Crosby; 2d, Smith & Hodge ; 3d, W. & E. Jennings. Golden Duckwing Game Bantams— 1st, C. H. Crosby;" 2d, W. & E. Jennings; 3d, Smith & Hodge. Chicks, 1st, W. & E. Jennings; 2d, Smith & Hodge; 3d, C. H. Crosby. Pile Game Bantams— 1st, C. H. Cro^sbv ; 2d, Smith & Hodge. Chicks, 1st, C. H. Crosby ; 2d. C. "H. Townsend ; 3d, C. H. Crosby. While Game Bantams — 1st, Smith & Hodge. Chicks, George W. Di.\on, Worcester, Mass. ; 2d, Smith and Hodge. Black Game Bantams— 1st, Smith & Hodge; 2d. E. A^ Tallman, Utica. Chicks, 1st, Smith & Hodge; 2d and 3d, E. A. Tallman. Irish Gray Game Bantams — Chicks, 1st, George W. Dixon. Class 9. Bantnms. — Golden Sebright Bantams — 1st and 2d, G. M. Warner. Chicks, 1st and 2d, same. African Bantams— 1st, W. & E. Jennings. Chicks, 1st, W. W. Tibbits. Class 10. Miscellaneous. — Best pair Sultan fowls, J. Y. Bicknell. Best trio Silky fowls, George Vandeveer, Port Jackson. Best pair Frizzled fowls, R. L. Down, Utica. Best pair Black Russian chicks, A. Leach, Utica. 98 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. Class 11. Turkeys. — Bronze Turkeys (old) — 1st, George Vandeveer ; 2d, L. D. Ely, Jr. ; 3d, Chester Wolcott, Tren- ton. Bronze (young) — 1st, George Vandeveer ; 2d and 3d, P. H. Loucks. Best White Turkeys (old)— Mrs. John But- terfield. New Hartford. Best pair Black Turkeys (young) — K. P. Wolcott. Class 12. J5«cSs.— Rouen (old)— 1st, J. T. Bicknell ; 2d, Chester Walcott; 3d, S. P. Hallock. Rouen (voung) — 1st, L. B. Ely, Jr. ; 2d and 3d, J. Y. Bicknell. Pekin (old)— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell; 2d, Geo. W. White, Belfast. Pekin (young)— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell; 2d, C. Walcott; 3d, J. W. Jennings. Aylesbury — 1st, J. Y. Bicknell; 2d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Aylesbury (young) — 1st, George Vanderveer ; 2d and 3d, J. Y. Bicknell. Cayugas (old)— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell. Cayugas (j'oung) — 1st and 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Best pair White Muscovys (young and old), J. Y. Bicknell. Wood ducks — Best, to same man. Class 13. Geese. — Best pair Bremen, A. Finck, Utica; 2d, Joseph Glatt, New York Mills ; 3d, A. Pinck. Wild geese, 1st and 2d, Chester Walcott. Best pair Hong Kongs, Nathaniel Barnes, New Hartford. Class 14. Ornamental. — Best pair Pea fowls, C. N. Brown ; 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Best pair white Guinea fowls, J. Y. Bicknell; 2d, C. H. Warren. Best pair Pearl Guin- eas, J. Y. Bicknell. Class 17. Pigeons. — Best pair Pouters, J. Y. Bicknell; 2d, C. H. Townsend. Best pair Carriers, J. Y. Bicknell ; 2d, Walter C. Harte, Clinton. Best and 2d best pair Fan- tails, W. C. Harte. Best and 2d best pair Tumblers, J. Y. Bicknell. Best pair Jacobins, same; 2d, Walter C. Harte. Best pair Owls, J. Y. Bicknell. 1st and 2d best pair Barbs, same. 2d best pair Turbits, C. H. Lane, Utica. Best pair Dragoons, J. Y. Bicknell. Best pair Black Priests, W. C. Harte; 2d best pair Red, same. Best pair Archangels, W. C. Harte. Best pair Trumpeters, J. Y. Bicknell. Class 16. Caged birds. — In this class George Weber, of Utica, received premiums for the best mocking bird, star- ling, thrush, European blackbird, goldfinch, German canary, and bulfinch. For the best pair Belgian canaries, Mrs. T. 6. Jones, of New York Mills, received a first premium. W. C. Walker, of Utica, received first premiums for the best red cardinal, best cockatoo, and best green parrot. Class 18. Rabbits. — Best pair Lop-ears, L. T. Lapaugh, Utica; 2d, George W. Dixon, Worcester, Mass.; 3d, Stephen Treen, Utica. Best pair Himalayans, George W. Dixon. 2d best pair Angoras, Stephen Treen. 3d best pair native Blacks, same. 2d best pair English Double-spots, same. 3d best White Pink Eyes, same. Class 21. Coops, etc. — Best exhibition coops, J. T. Peck- ham, Providence, R. I.; 2d, Richard Dean. Best specimens taxidermy, C. P. Davis, Utica. special pkemiums. Asiatics. — Best Light Brahma cock and hen, $5, Seward Merry. Best cockerel and pullet, $5 each, C. A. Johnson. Best Dark Brahma cock, hen, cockerel, and pullet, $5 each, C. A. Sweet. Best Buff Cochin cock, hen, cockerel, and pullet, $5 each, Seward Merry. Best Partridge Cochin cock, $5, C. A. Sweet. Best hen, cockerel, and pullet, $5 each, Seward Merry. Best Black Cochin cock, $5, C. N. Brown ; hen, $5, George W. White, Buffalo ; cockerel, $5, C. N. Brown; pullet, $5, J. A. Tallman. Best White Cochin cock and hen, $5 each, John J. Berry, Hackensack, N.J. ; cockerel and pullet $5 each, J. Y. Bicknell. Eoudans. — Best cock, hen, cockerel, and pullet, $-5 each, Warren & Root. Best Crevecoeur cock and hen, $5 each, J. T. Batsford ; cockerel and pullet, $5 each, C. N. Brown. Best La Fleche cock, hen, cockerel, and pullet, $5 each, C. N. Brown. Spanish Fowls. — Best White Leghorn cock and hen, $5 each, L. D. Ely, Jr. ; cockerel and pullet, $5 each, Newton Adams. Best Brown Leghorn cock and hen, $-5 each, A. Leach ; cockerel and pullet, $5 each, F. A. Loucks. Best Black Spanish cock and hen, $3 each, A Leach ; cockerel and pullet, $3 each, O. R. Babcock, New Hartford. Dorkings.— Best White cock, §3, C N. Brown ; hen, $3, J. Y. Bicknell; cockerel and pullet, $3 each, C. N. Brown. Best Colored Dorking cock and hen, $3 each, R. A. Wol- cott; cockerel, |3, C. N. Brown ; pullet, $3, R. P. Wolcott. Best Silver Gray hen, $3, S. F. Sherman, New Hartford ; pullet, $8, C. H. Warren. Best Dominique cockerel and pullet, $3 each, J. Y.' Bicknell. Best Plymouth Rock cock, silver cup, valued at $5, to A. H. Drake ; hen, cockerel, and pullet, $a each, A. H.- Drake. Hamburgs. — Best Golden-Spangled cock, $5, J. Y. Bick- nell ; hen, $3, A. Fosgate, Auburn ; cockerel, $5; pullet, $3, G. W. Wood, Ithaca. Best Silver-Spangled cock, $5, W. R. Hills ; Hen, §3, Warren A. Worden ; cockerel, $5, and pullet $3, W. R. Hills. Best Silver-Penciled cock, ^3 ; hen, $2; cockerel, $3; pullet, $2, L, D. Ely, Jr. Best Golden-Penciled cock, $3; hen, $2, L. D. Ely, Jr.; cock- erel, $3; pullet, $2, J. Y. Bicknell. Best Black cock, $3 ; hen, 32, Warren A. Worden; cockerel, $3; pullet, 2, T. B. Proctor, Bagg's Hotel farm. Polish Folds. — Best White cock and hen, $3 each, F. H. Loucks ; cockerel and pullet, $3 each, W. & E. Jennings, Best Black hen, $3, Orsina Beebee, Hamilton ; cockerel and pullet, $3 each, J. Y. Bicknell. Best Golden cock, $3, C. H. Warren; hen, $3, W. W. Tibbitts; cockerel, $3, C. D. Cartwright & Co., Pairport; pullet, $3, 0. H. Warren. Best Silver cock, §3, E. A. Putnam, Syracuse; hen, §3, D. A. Carter, Utica ; cockerel and pullet, $3 each, E. A. Putnam. Games.— Best Black-Breasted Bed cock, $0, 0. H. War- ren; hen, S3, J. Y. Bicknell; cockerel, $-5, and pullet, $3, A. B. Smith, Whitesboro. Best Golden Duckwing cock, $5, A. B. Smith; hen, $3, J. Y. Bicknell; cockerel, $5, and pullet $3, John Fulton. Best Silver Duckwing cock, $5; hen, $3, W. R. Dudley; cockerel, $5, and pullet S3, J. M. Seymour. Best Pile cook, hen, cockerel, and pullet, $3 each, J. Y. Bicknell. Best Blue cockerel, S3, John Fulton ; pullet, $3, W. R. Dudley. Best Derby cock and hen, $3 each, C. H. Warren. Best Irish Gray "hen, S2, J. Pulton ; pullet, $2, W. R. Dudley. Best White cock, $3, J. Y. Bicknell ; cockerel and pullet, §3 each, John Fulton. Best Muff Game cock and cockerel, $3 each ; pullet, $2 ; J. Y. Bicknell. Game Bantams. — Best Black-breasted Red Game cock, $5, Smith & Hodge; hen, $5, C. H. Crosby; cockerel, $5, Smith & Hodge ; pullet, $5, C. H. Crosby. Best Brown- breasted Red Game cock, hen, cockerel, and pullet, $5 each, Smith & Hodge. Best Silver Duckwing Game cock, $5, Smith & Hodge; hen, cockerel, and pullet, $5 each, C. H. Crosby. Best Golden Duckwing Game cock and hen, S5 each, C. H. Crosby ; cockerel and pullet, $5 each, W. & E. Jennings. Best Pile Game Bantam, $5, C. H. Crosby; hen, $5, Smith & Hodge; cockerel and pullet, $5 each, C. H. Crosby. Best White Game cock and hen, $5 each. Smith & Hodge ; cockerel and pullet, $6 each, G. W. Dixon , Best Black Game cock, hen, cockerel, and pullet, $5 each. Smith and Hodge. Bantams. — Best Golden Sebright cock, hen, cockerel, and pullet, S5 each, G. H. Warner. Best African cock, S3; hen, S2; cockerel, $3; and pullet S2, C. H, Crosby. Turkeys. — Best Bronze gobbler (adult), $10; and hen So, George Vandeveer. Best Bronze gobbler (young), $5, Chester Walcott; hen (young), S5, George Vandeveer. Ducks. — Best pair Pekin, $5; young, S5, to J. Y. Bick- nell. Best Rouen (old), $5, J. Y. Bicknell ; young, $3, L. D. Ely, Jr. Best Aylesbury (old), $5, J. Y. Bicknell; young, $3, George Vandeveer. Heaviest goose, S3- Best pair geese, $5, A. Pinck. Caged bi}-ds. — Best mocking bird, S3, George Weber, Utica. Best green parrot, f3, William C. Walker, Utica. best German Canary, S3, George Weber. Best Belgian canary, $3, Mrs. Thomas G. Jones. Rabbits. — Best pair Lop-eared rabbits, S5, L. T. LaPaugh, Utica. Miscellaneous. — Best pair Silky fowls. $5, George Van- deveer. Best pair Frizzled fowls or chicks, S3, R. L, Down, Utica. Best pair Black Russian chicks, $5, A. Leach. Best pair Sultan fowls, S5, J. Y. Bicknell. Heaviest turkeys, $5, Chester Wolcott. Best trio Buff Cochin chicks, S'lO, Seward Merry. Best Houdan hen, §10, Warner & Root. Best Black Cochin cockerel, $10, C. N. Brown. Best trio or pair White Cochin chicks. So, J- Y. Bicknell. Best White Cochin hen, $5, John J. Berr}'. Best three trios Silver-Spangled Hamburg chicks, $5, WillianiL R. Hills. Best trio Light Brahma fowls figuring the greatest number of points, $25, C. A. Johnson. Best chicks, $25, C. A. Johnson. Grand display, J. Y. Bicknell, gold medal ; 2d FANCIEKS' JOUKNAL AND POULTllY EXCHANGE. 09 grniid display, C. N. Brown, silver medal. Best display Light Brahmns, $10, C. A. Johnson. Best display Dark Brahmas, $10, C. A. Swecil. Brat di.splay Buff Cochins, $10, Seward Merry. HeH display Partridge Cochins, $10, C. N. Brown. Best display Blacl< Cochins, $10, C, N. Brown. Best display White Cochins, $10, J. Y. Bickncll. Be.st display Houdans, $10, Warner & Root. Best display ('revecfours, $10, C. N. Brown. Best display White Leg- lioriis, $10, 1j. D. Ely, Jr. Best display Brown Leghorns, $10, A. Leach. Best display Blade Spanish, $10, S. 1'. Hallot^k. Best display Dorkings, $10, 0. N. Brown. Best display Uamlnirgs, $10, L. 1). Ely, Jr. Best display Games, $10, j. Y. Bicknell. Best display Duckwing Games, $10, John l<\ilton. Best display Game Bantams, $10, Smith .] HOW I CAME TO BE A FANCIER. A NUMBER of years ago I bought a small farm, with a view principally to tire raising of vegetables and small fruits. It was my first essay at farming. I had no knowl- edge of poultry, and what little I thought I knew about it led me to believe they would not be profitable stock on my premises. My wife is a farmer's daughter ; her father had always been a large and successful breeder of poultry, and she thought we should keep a few hens. I objected, trying at the same time to explain why we should not try to keep them. I was afraid they would be poor gardeners, and, withal, had little faith in their profitableness. In short, I was firmly convinced they would be only a botheration. I Well, wife did not say anything more to me about the' matter, but took her mother into her council ; while I sup- posed I had carried my point, and would hear no more about it. I had counted without my liost, however, as the sequel will show. On a pleasant day, perhaps about the middle of May, mother-in-law drove in, and, to ray dismay and chagrin, began to take from the carriage six fine largo hens and a cock, and proceeded to turn thorn loose in the yard. I stood looking on in blank astonishment, and, when they were all landed, wife, with a roguish glance at me, remarked that " they were very fine," and thanked her mother for her present; and so did I, but not loud enough for anybody to hear. Of course I was in for it and could not refuse to accept them, but with a pretty distinct notion that the last of them would soon be in the pot. Wife would not hear to one of them being killed, but began already to discount her pin money. So I had to look after them, and fix up a place for them to roost, and boxes to lay in. Fortunately they were quiet in disposition and discreet in manners, and, being well fed, soon began to lay. In due time wo had a fine flock of chicks. Without letting on to my wife, I began to take an interest in them, and the more I studied them and became acquainted with their habits, the better I liked them. Finding they did little damage to my garden, which was some distance from the house, and none to my fruit, I concluded to try them another year. I ac- cordingly fenced in a large yard, with spring water in it; and built a nice house, and stocked it with Silver-Spangled llamburgs. I kept these in the yard, and allowed the old hens to run about the buildings with their chicks. That year my hens averaged me over five dollars a head in money. I did not keep a debit account with them, but know there was a handsome profit in them. I had a little trouble in keeping the Hamburg? where I wanted them until I clipped their wings. My next fancy was the White Leghorns, which I have never since given up, but have tried many other kinds. We always had eggs to use and to sell with any breed, but the Leghorns have served us the best. I am now trying the Brown Leghorns, and think I shall like them as well as the Whites. There is no discount on them as layers, and among the laying breeds they are the most docile and easily managed. This is how I came to bo a fancier ; from being an utter disbeliever in poultry, I have become an advocate and en- thusiast ; I have even become an officer in a poultrj- society, and have many a time had reason to thank my mother-in- law for her provoking present to my wife. A. M. D. DOYLKSTOWN, Pa., Deceinlicr 24, 1871. WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA POULTRY SOCIETY. List of premiums awarded at the Fourth Annual Exhi- bition of the above Society, held in Pittsburg, January 1.3th to 20th, 1875 : Brahmas, Light— Fowls, 1st, K. H. Peck, Earlville, O. ; 2d and 3d, Edward Gregg, Pittsburg, Pa. Chicks, 1st, S. H. Cook, McDonalds Station, Pa. ; 2d, P. Williams, Taun- ton, Mass; 3d, A. A. Miller, Oakdale Station, Pa. Dark- Fowls, 1st, A. A. Miller & Co. ; 2d, C. A. Stevens, AUe- ghoiiv Citv, Pa.; 3d, A. A. Miller. Chicks, 1st, S. H. Cook; 2d;' T. A. Winfield, Hubbard, Ohio; 3d, A. A. Miller. Cochins, Buff— Fowls, 1st, A. A. Miller; 2d, Joseph Bamford, .Alonongahola City. Chicks, 1st, Dodge & Kel- loy, Ravenna, Ohio; 2d and 3d, Jos. Bamford. ParlridgtS' — Fowls, 1st, Robt. Henderson, Alloghonv Citv: 2d, Joseph Bamford. Chicks, 1st and 2d, R. H. Peck. WhiK-— Fowls, 1st, Dodge & Kellev; 2d, Mann & Bro. ; 3d, K. H. Peck. Chicks, 1st, W. H." JottVies; 2d, R. H. Peck. Black- Fowls, no awards. Chicks, 1st, R. H. Peck ; 2d and 3d, George C. Athole, 2Jew York Citv. Dorkings, White— Fowls, 1st, Dodge & Kelloy ; 2d, E. M. Hivelev & Co. Chicks, 1st, Dodge & Kellev ; 2d, E. M. Hivelev &"Co.. Silver Grav— Fowls, 1st, K. H. Peck; R. Henderson, Chicks, 1st, R."H. Peck; 2d, S. H. Cook. Games, Black Breasted Red— Fowls, 1st, T. A. Winfield ; 2d and 3d, J. W. Knox. Chicks, 1st, J. H. Flagler, Mc Keosport, Pa; 2d. C. C. Rineharl, Pittsburg; 3d, W. H. Jeffries. Brown Red— Chicks, 1st, T. A. Winfield; 2d, S. C. Brooke. Duckwing — Fowls, 1st, George Jenkins, Sunnv- side, Pa. ; 2d, — Gaflagher, Pittsburg. '" Chickens, 1st, S. Cameron. Pile — Fowls, 1st, S. Cameron ; 2d, A. McLaren, Meadville, Pa. ; 3d, W, H. Franks, Buena Vista, Pa. Chicks, 1st and 3d, George Jenkins ; 2d, W, H Franks. White— Chicks, 1st, W. H. JelTries. Irish Gray— Fowls, 1st, , S. Cameron ; 2d, A. MoLaren ; 3d, Henry Crow, Pittsburg. 1 Ginger Bed — Fowls, 1st, George Jenkins. Chicks, 1st, S. Cameron. Black Spangled— Fowls, 1st, W. H. Franks. ' Red Spangled— Fowls, W. H. Franks. Spangled— Chicks, 100 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. 1st and 2d, S. Cameron. Sumatra — Chicks, 1st, S. Cam- eron. Derby — Fowls, 1st, S. Cameron. Chicks, 1st, S. Cameron. Blue Red — Chicks, 1st, 8. Cameron; 2d, J. H. Kamsbottom; 3d, A. A. Miller. Heathwood — Fowls, 1st, Cameron. Chicks, 1st, S. Cameron. Dominique — Fowls, 1st, S. Cameron. Chicks, 1st and 2d, W. H. Franks. Black — Chicks, 1st, S. Cameron. Hamburgs, Golden Spangled — Chicks, 1st, J. S. Halver- stadt; 2d, T. A. Winaeld. Silver Spangled— Chicks, 1st and 3d, Jos. Bamford ; 2d, J. S. Halverstadt. Golden Penciled — Fowls, 1st and 2d, Jos. Bamford ; 3d, A. A. Miller. Chicks, 1st and 2d, Jos. Bamford ; 3d, A. A. Miller. Silver Pen- ciled— Chicks, 1st, J. S. Halverstadt. Leghorns, White — Fowls, 1st, J. S. Beaver, Beaver, Pa. Chicks, 1st, E. W. Shipman, Allegheny City; 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. ; 3d, John Dyer, Jr. Brown — Fowls, 1st, E. M. Hively & Co. Dominique — Fowls, 2d, John Dyer. Houdans— Fowls, 1st, B. M. Kelso, Noblestown, Pa.; 2d, B. M. Kelso ; 3d, E. M. Hively & Co. Chicks, 1st, S. F. Shannon. Crevecoeurs — Fowls, 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Chicks— 1st, C. B. Elben. Polish, Golden Spangled— Fowls, 1st and 2d, T. A. Win- field ; 3d, Dodge & Kelley. White Crested White— Chicks, 1st, B. M. Hivelv & Co. Golden Spangled— Chicks, 1st, A. A. Miller; 2d," J. A. Winfield; 3d, E. M. Hively & Co. Silver Spangled — 1st, Dodge & Kelley; 2d, J. S. Halver- stadt. Silver Spangled— Chicks, 1st, C. B. Elban; 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Game Bantams, Black-Breasted Bed — Fowls, 2d, Cook & Walker. Chicks— 1st, T. A. Winfield ; 2d, W. H. Jefl'ries ; 3d, E. F. Shannon. Silver Duckwing— Chicks, 1st, K. F. Shannon. Red Pile— Chicks, 1st, C. B. Elben. White- Chicks, 1st, E. M. Hively & Co. Golden Sebright— Chicks, 1st, G. W. Snaman. Silver Sebright— Chicks, 1st, W. H. Jeffries, Irwin Station, Pa. Black African — Chicks, 1st, Geo. C. Athole, New York City ; 2d, C. B. Elben. White —Chicks, 1st, C. B. Elben. Pekin or Cochin— 1st, S. Cam- eron. Dominique— Chicks, 2d, John Dyer; 3d, T. A. Winfield. Rumpless— Fowls, 1st, E. M. Hively & Co. Turkeys, Bronze— 1st, A. A. Miller; 2d, S. H. Cook; 8d, Geo. Van Derveer. White — 1st and 3d, C. B. Elben; 2d, S. H. Cook. Black — 1st, S. H. Cook, no competition. Buff— 1st, S. H. Cook. Wild— 1st, E. H. Peck ; 2d, S. H. Cook. Geese, Toulouse— 1st, E. H. Peck ; Wild— 1st, and 3d, J. S. Halverstadt ; 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. While China —1st, E. M. Hively & Co. Ducks, Avlesbury- 1st and 2d, C. B. Elben; 3d, A. A. Miller. Rouen— 1st, E. H. Peck ; 2d and 3d, A. A. Miller. Pekin— lst,W. H. Weightman. Cayuga— 1st, E. M, Hively & Co. Muscovy— 1st and 3d, E. M. Hivelv & Co. ; 2d, S. H. Cook. Call— 1st, C. B. Elben. Wood— 1st, Fred. Mather. Dandle Dinmont — -Ist, P. H. Hacke, Pittsburg. Gordon Setter— 1st, J. W. Knox, Pittsburg. English Bull— 1st, Dick Fulton, Pittsburg. Setter— 1st, Theo. Grey, Allegheny City; 2d, Charles Eichardson, Allegheny City. Pointer — 1st, E. F. Patterson, Pittsburg. Imported Setter — Bitch, 1st, J. W. Knox. Black-and-Tan — Bitch, 1st, S. Cameron ; 2d, C. B, Elben. Fantails, White (plain) — 1st, Jos. McMasters, Seniekley, Pa. ; 2d, E. F. Shannon. White (crested)— 1st, T. A. Win- field ; 2d, Thos. S. McKee. Tumblers, Black— 1st, C. B. Elben ; 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Eed— 1st, T. A. Winfield; 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Yellow- 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Yellow Baldhead— 1st, R. F. Shannon. Splashed— 1st, E. M. Hively & Co. Sil- ver Dun— 1st, E. M. Hively & Co. Blue— 1st and 2d, T. A. Winaeld. Ermine— 1st, T. A. Winfield. Jacobins, Red Mottled — 1st, E. F. Shannon. White — 1st, T. A. Winfield ; 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Black— 2d, C. B. Elben. Owls, Blue-wing— 2d, H. W. Barnes. Blue— 1st, E. F. Shannon; 2d, C. B. Elben. White— 1st, E. F. Shannon. Eing Doves — 1st, Jos. McMasters. Trumpeters, Black— 1st and 2d, E. M. Hively & Co . Mottled— 1st, Thos. S. McKi'e. Blue— 2d, T. A. Winfield. Pouters, White— 1st, T. A. Winfield. Black— 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Black Pied— 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Red Pied— 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Antwerps, Blue— 1st, R. F. Shannon ; 2d, T. A. Winfield. Fans, Spotted — 2d, Geo. Shiuas. Moorcaps — 1st, Geo. Shinas. Turbits, Silver-wing— 1st, E. M. Hively & Co. Duchies— 1st and 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Swallows, Black— 1st, Thos. S. McKee. MISCELLANEOUS. Ferrets— 1st, Fred. Mather; 2d, W. H. Wall, Allegheny City. Gray Squirrels — 1st, E. F. Shannon. Maltese Cats — 1st and 2d, J. W. Leekey, Allegheny City. German Canaries— 1st, Chas. Espich, Pittsburg. Taxidermy — 1st, Edward Bourne, Pittsburg. Angora Rabbits — 1st and 2d, E. M. Hively & Co. Best practical exhibition coop — J. T. Peckham, Providence, R. I. SPECIAL PKEMIUMS. President Gregg's prize — best Light Brahma hen, C. B. Elben. Brewers' purse — best trio Light Brahmas, old or young, S. H. Cook — (chickens). Wm. Thaw's prize — best pair Dark Brahmas, old or young, S. H. Cook — (chicks). Allegheny Mail prize — Dark Brahma cock figuring most points, A. A. Miller. Hon. H. S. Fleming's prize — largest turkey, S. H. Cook. William M. Hersh's prize — best pair Bronze turkeys, A. A. Miller. W. H. Jeffries' prize — best pair Silver Sebright Bantams, W. H. Jeffries. C. B. El ben's prize — best pair Black African Bantams, Geo. C. Athole. C. B. Elben's prize — smallest Bantam pullets over seventy points, C. B. Elben. C. B. Elben's prize — best pair Duckwing Game Bantams, R. F. Shannon. A. A. Miller's prize — best collection Angora rabbits, E. M. Hively & Co. W. W. Wattles prize — best pair Black African Bantams, Geo. C. Athole. A. A. Miller's prize — best pair Light Brahma chickens bred and owned in Western Pennsylvania, A. A. Miller. A. A. Miller's prize — best pair Dark Brahma chickens bred and owned in Western Pennsylvania, A. A. Miller. J. E. Eeed & Co.'s prize — smallest pair B. B. Eed Game Bantams, E. H. Peck. P. Schildecker's prize — best pair B. B. E. Games, old or young, T. A. Win- field. Captain J. H. Stewart's prize — best B. B. E. Game cock, T. A. Winfield. George Crawford's prize — best col- lection pigeons, R. F. Shannon. P. A. & M. P. Railway prize — best Maltese cat, J. W. Leekey, Allegheny City. Livingston & Co.'s prize — best Bantam cock or cockerel, any variety, C. B. Elben. Livingston <& Co.'s prize — best coop pigeons, any varictj', E. F. Shannon. Livingston & Co.'s prize — smallest Bantam, any variety, E. H. Peck. C. 0. Einehart's prize — best pair B. B. R. Game, T. A. Winfield. J. H. Johnston's prize — largest fowls, any vari- ety, S. H. Cook. A. C. Whitehead's prize — heaviest Game cock, any variety, S. Cameron. G. W. Evans' prize — best Partridge Cochin cock, Joseph Bamford. G. W. Evans' prize — ^Light Brahma cock showing best comb, R. H. Peck, Samuel Hare's prize — best Aylesbury Drake, A. A. Miller. C. J. Clarke's prize — best trio Brown Leghorn fowls or chicks, donor of prize to take the birds, E. M. Hively & Co. R. F. Shannon's prize — best Dark Brahma pullet, R. P. Shan- non. J. M. Moffat & Co.'s prize — largest turkey hen, Geo. Van Derveer, Port Jackson, N. Y. J. M. Wade's prize — best pair Fantails, R. F. Shannon. J. M. Wade's prize — ■ best pair Antwerps, R. F. Shannon. J. M. Wade's prize — best pair Owls, same. J. M. Wade's prize — best pair Jaco- bins, same. Thomas Barnes' prize — best Duckwing Game Bantams, E. F. Shannon. SOUTHERN PENNSYLVANIA POULTRY EXHIBITION. The following is a list of premiums awarded at the above exhibition, viz. : Brahmas, Light — Fowls, 1st, S. B. Heiges; 2d, Isaac E. Wise. Chicks, 1st, S. B. Heiges; 2d, Henry Neater. Best single hen, Wm. Gilberthorp ; best single cock, Isaac E. Wise. Dark- Fowls, 1st, Geo. J. Chalfant. Chicks, 1st, FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE 101 Wm. A. Myers; 2d, Wm. Gilberthorp. Best single hen and cock, W m. A. Myers ; best single cockerel. Dr. J. D. Heiges. Cochins, Buft'— Fowls, 1st, A. F. Coble. Chicks, Ist, Wm. A. Myer.9 ; 2d, Henry NcMiter. Bust single hen, A. P. Coble f best single cock, Wm. Epply, 'Ir. l'iirlridg(i — Fowls, 1st, T. S. Myers. Chicks, Isl, S.'B. Heiges; 2d,'W. H. Hibner. Best single hen, S. B. Heigos. Black— Fowl.«, 1st, 8. B. Heiges. Chicks, 1st, S. B. Heiges; 2d, A. H. Seifert. Best single hen, John M. Heiges. White — Chicks, 1st, Dr. J. D. Heiges. Dorkings — Best Gray hen, John Miller. Silver-Spangled Hanibnrgs — F(vwls,bcst hen, Jolui Miller; 2d, Isaac E. Wise. Chicks, 2d, Henry Neater. Black- Chicks, l.st and 2d, Jacob Brillinger, Jr. White Leghorns — Fowls, 1st, Henry Neater. Chicks, 1st, George Staubinger; 2d, W. H. Hibner. Best cockerel, C. H. Fry; best Brown lien, C. H. Fry. W. F. B. Spanish— 2d, C. H. Fry. Games, Black B. R.— Fowls, 2d, H. C. Ginter. Best cock- erel, John Miller. Brown B, K.— Fowls, 2d, Isaac E. Wi.se. Ginger Bed— Fowls, 1st, Z. W. Smyser; 2d, H. C. Ginter. Pile— Fowls, 1st, Wm. Epply, Jr. Chicks, 2d, H. C. Gin- ter. Earl Derby— Fowls, 1st, H. C. Ginter. Sumatra- Ust and 2d, Jacob Dick. Chicks, 1st, John Miller; 2d, Henry Neater. Yellow Diickwing— Chicks, l.st, C. H. Fry. Houdans— Fowls, 1st, Edward Blausser. Chicks— 1st, C. H. Pry ; 2d, Henry Neater. Best single hen, Henry Neater. Golden Polish- Fowls, 1st, Isaac E. Wise; 2d, E. C. Beck. Game Bantams, Silver Diickwing — 1st, Henrv Neener. White Frizzles— Chicks, 1st, Ulrich Strickle'r. Sultans— Chicks, 1st, Wm. Epply, Sr. Turkeys, Bronze — 1st, Edward Stuck. Best single gob- bler, not less than thirty pounds, Edward Stuck. Wiiite Holland — 1st, Wm. Gilberthorp. White Guineas — 1st, Wm. Gilberthorp. Geese— 1st, H. C. Ginter. Ducks, Topknot— 1st, H. C. Ginter. Muscovj'— 2d, H. C. Ginter. Cayuga — 2d, H. C. Ginter. Kouen— 1st, S. S. Hersh. Setters, Gordon — Best, C. A. Liphold. Irish — Best, Ed- ward Stuck. Wolf Dog— Best, John Miller. English Toy Terriers — Best, Dr. J. D. Heiges. Italian Greyhounds — Best pair, John M. Heiges. Maltese Cats — Best, John M. Heiges. Madagascar Buck and Doe — Best, S. B. Heiges. Guinea Pigs — Best lot. Dr. J. D. Heiges. Song birds — Best collection, Wm. Epply, Sr. Pigeons — Best pair Carriers, Black Pied Pouters, Black Barbs, Black Swallows, White Trumpeters, Archangels and Yellow-capped Magpies, and best collection of Fans — Henry Neater. Stars — Best, C. A. Liphold. Black Tum- blers—Wm. Gilberthorp. Black Fans, Black Helmets, Sil- ver Homing Antwerps, White Turbits, Blue Owls, Starling Quakers, and best collection of Tumblers and Antwerps — A. N. Kaub. Specials, Bronze Turkeys — Best, Edward Stuck. Dark Brahmas— Best, Wm. A. Myers. Houdans— Best, Edward Blausser. Spangled Sumatra Games — Best cock, Honry Neater. Light Brahmas and best collection Asiatics — Best, S. B. Heiges. White Cochins and English Toy Terriers — Best, Dr. J. D. Heiges. Light Brahmas— Best hen, Wm. Gilberthorp. Yellow Duckwing Games — Best, C. H. Fry. Butt' Cochins — Best, Wm. A. Jlyors. The following named gentlemen were the judges to make the awards: On all fowls, including Turkeys, Geese, Ducks • and Guineas, John Clapp, of Philadelphia ; A. N. Kaub, of Lock Haven, and Joseph Windolph, of Marietta. On Pigeons, Song Birds, Rabbits, etc., Harry Keiser, of York Co., and Joseph Windolph, of Marietta. On Dogs, Cats, etc., J. T. Perry, of Hellam, York Co. C. H. Fry, WESTERN MASSACHUSETTS POULTRY ASSOCIATION. The following is the full list of premiums awarded by the Western Massachusetts Poultry Association at their tirst exhibition, held in Northampton, January 14 and 15, 1875. Northampton being understood when the locality is omitted. This is the only correct list heretofore published. I'OULTRY PRKMIUMS. Brahmas, Light— Fowls, Anthony Shetfeld, Florence ; L. W. Allen, Amherst; J. Lyman Shepurd, Westfleld. Chicks, E. V. Lilly; P. P. Amidon, Hinsdale, N. H. ; H. S. Bugbee, South "lladley. Dark — Fowls, M. L. Graves; Mrs. C. W. Hunt, Williamsburg; G. K. Langdon, WesU hampton. Chicks, Geo. H. Sergeant, Nathan Morlcy. Cochins, Buft— Fowls, Mrs. C. W. Hunt, M. L. Graves, A. Shefleld. Chicks, M. L. Graves; G. R. Anderson, South Deerfield ; Geo. W. Fitch, Hatfield. Partridge— George Hitchcock, B. M. Welch, S. C. Smith. Chicks, Brainard Bros., Thomp.sonville, Conn. White— A. Sheffeld, L. W. Allen, Mrs. C. W. Hunt. Chicks, A. E. Abbott, East- hanipton. Light Brahmas— L. D. Hinckley, South Hadley. White Dorkings — P. M. Pomeroy. Plymouth Rocks- Fowls, JI. A. Dewey, J. Lvman Shep- ard. Chicks, W. W. Ferry, C. N. Gabb. 2d and 3d. American Dominiques — Chicks, Mrs. C. W. Hunt. Hamburgs, Silver Spangled— Fowls, F. R. Elwell, Geo. I. Abbott 3d. Chicks, Geo. I. Abbott 2d. Silver Penciled— Fowls, Geo. Turner, Bristol, Conn., 1st, 2d, and 3d. Gol- den . Penciled— Fowls, George Turner. Chicks, George Turner 1st, 2d and 3d. Leghorns, Brown— Fowls, M. W. Graves. Chicks, M. W. Graves 1st and 2d, George A. Paull, North Hadley. Black— Chicks, Brainard Bros.; David Shields, Florence; Brainard Bros. White— Chicks, M. L. Kidder; L. W. Allen, of Amherst; M. L. Kidder. Dominique- Chicks, Capt. Wm. Perkins, North Hadley. Houdans— Fowls, Alvord Bros., Richard Lyman. Chicks, Alvord Bros., W. ^V. Ferry. Polish. Silver Spangled- Fowls, John Woodruff. Golden Spangled— Fowls, E. H. Dewey, R. M. Welch. Games— Silver Duckwing — Fowls, D. Galligan, East- hampton, 3d. Black— Chicks, John Henderson. Black- breasted Red — Fowls, Felix Berry 2d; A. E. Abbott, Easthampton, 3d. Brown Red— Fowls, R. M. Welch 2d. Yellow Duckwing— Fowls, J. P. Derrick. Chicks, A. E. Abbott, J. P. Derrick. Blue— Fowls, Felix Berry. Game Bantams, Bhuk-breasted Red— Fowls, M. L. Kid- der; S. L. Barker, Windsor, Conn., 2d and 3d. Chicks, S. L. Barker 1st, 2d, and 3d. Bantams, Golden Sebright- Brainard Bros., E. V. Lilly. White— T. M. Shepaid 2d. Chinese— Dennis Born. Bronze Turkeys — I. H. Demond, A. Sheffeld. Embden Geese — E. V. Lilly ; Q. Morgan Smith, South Hadley. Toulouse Gander — A. Sheffeld. Ducks, Aylesbury — F. R. Ewell. Colored Muscovy — B. Cooley 2d. Rouen— Mrs. C. W. Hunt, J. & O. Eager. SPECIAL PREMIUMS. For largest number of meritorious entries in all classes, silver ice pitcher ; vaUio $20. A. Sheffeld. For largest number of meritorious entries, in the Gallina- ceous and Aquatic classes, greenbacks, $20. A. Sheffeld. For second largest number of meritorious entries in the Gallinaceous and Aquatic classes, greenbacks, $10. M. L. Graves. For largest number entries in all classes for residents of Hampshire, Hampden, or Franklin counties, box segars, presented by S. R. Bell & Co. ; value, $7. -A.. Sheffeld. Best collection of Liicht Brahmas, J. H. Demond; cock- erels, E. V. Lilly, and P. P. Amidon, Hinsdale, N. H. Light Brahmas, B. M. Warner, Hal field ; cock, L. W. Allen, Amherst; hen and pullet, M. L. Graves. Buff Cochin chicks, M. L. Graves. Dark Brahmas— pullet, G. H. Sergeant ; cock, M. L. Graves; pair, J. H. Doinond. White Cochin pullet, L. W. Allen, Amherst. Heaviest Light Brahma cockerel, L. W. Allen; Buff Cochin cockerel, M. L. Graves. Pair Plymouth Rock fowls and chicks, M. A. Dewey. Dominique puUet, H. R. Graves. 102 PANOIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Largest collection of Hamburgs, Q-eorge Turner. Largest collection of Spanish, M. L. Kidder. CoUectioa of Brown Leghorns, M. W. Graves, and four other specials on Brown Leghorns. Collection of White Leghorns, M. L. Kidder. White Leghorn pullet, C. H. Bell, Amherst. Black Leghorn, Brainard Bros. Domi- nique Leghorn, Capt. Wm. Perkins, North Hadley. Collection of Game Bantams, Samuel L. Barker ; pairs and single Game Bantams, Brainard Bros. White Bantams, T. M. Shepherd. Sehright Bantams, Brainard Bros. Collection of pigeons, A. Sheffeld, Gen. Oliver Edwards, Gray squirrels, E. R Smith. Oldest exhibitor, M. L. Kidder; youngest exhibitor, H. R. Graves ; best exhibition coop, James Shepard, Bristol, Conn. FIRST EXHIBITION OF THE NORTHWESTERN WISCONSIN POULTRY ASSOCIATION. LIST OP PREMIUMS AWARDED. Class A. — Light Brahmas — Pair, 1st, L. C. Boyle, Sparta ; 2d, J. C. Gilman, Sparta. Dark Brahmas — Pair, 1st, W. P. Palmer, Sparta; 2d, Jas. Manchester, LaCrosse. Buff Cochins— Pair, 1st, S. M. Owsley, Sparta; 2d, W. P. Palmer. Partridge Cochins — Pair, Ist and 2d, Wm. P. Palmer. Class B.— Dominique— Pair, 1st, W. P. Palmer; 2d. John Day. Class C— White Leghorns— Pair, 1st and 2d, W. P. Palmer. Brov/n Leghorns — Pair, 1st (no comp.), W. P. Palmer. W. F. Black Spanish— 1st, (no comp.), W. P. Palmer. Class D. — Silver Spangled Hamburgs — Pair, 1st and 2d, C. C. Morrill, Sparta. Class E. — Houdans — Pair, S. D. Hollister, Sparta ; 2d, W.^P. Palmer. W. C. Black Polish— Pair, 1st and 2d, W. P. Palmer. Class P.— Black Bed Games— Pair, 1st, W. P. Pal- mer, with special. No second premium awarded because of disqualified pens. Blue-breasted Red Games — Pair, 1st, W. L. Hughes; 2d, S. M. Owsley. Duckwing Games — Pair, 1st, John Day ; 2d, W. L. Hughes. Silver Duckwing Games— Pair, 1st, W. P. Palmer ; 2d, John Day. No awards for Pile or White Games not matched in pairs. Gray Games — Pair, 1st, John Day (no comp.) Class G, Bantams.— B. R. Game— Pair, 1st, T. S. Pow- ers, Tomah ; 2d, S. M. Owsley. Silver Duckwing Game — 1st, W. P. Palmer ; 2d, W. P. Palmer. Golden Sebright— Pair, 1st, W. P. Palmer. No second premium awarded in Sebrights. Very close contest in B. B. Red Game Bantams, all very line indeed. Class J.— One pair Wild Geese, C. B. McClure, Sparta. Class K, Ducks. — Aylesbury — Pair, 1st, S. M. Owsley. Rouen — Pair, 1st, W. P. Palmer. White-crested — Pair, 1st, W. P. Palmer. No competition in this class; not largely but well represented as to quality'. Class L — Pigeons. Mr. Powers, of Tomah, furnished one of the most attract- ive features of the whole exhibition, by displaying in this class thirty-eight varieties of these beautiful creatures, which were at all times the centre of attraction. These beautiful birds took the first and special premiums, which they richly deserved. Class N.— One pair White English Rabbits, C. B. Mc Clure. The only entry in this class. Class 0. — Heaviest dozen hen's eggs, H. S. Bingham, Sparta; weight, 2 lbs., 2oz. Best pair dressed fowls, J. A. Gilman. SPECIAL PREMIUMS. L. C. Boyle, on Light Brahma cock. Plumb Bros., Light Brahma hen. Wm. P. Palmer, Dark Brahma cock. S. M. Owsley, Dark Brahma hen. W. P. Palmer, Partridge Cochin cock. S. M. Owsley, Partridge Cochin hen, Buff Cochin cock, Buff Cochin hen. Wm. P. Palmer, White Leghorn cock. D. H. Smith, White Leghorn hen. W. L. Hughes, best Game cock. Plumb Bros., best collection of Light Brahmas. Wm. P. Palmer, Dark Brahmas, Part- ridge Cochins, Buff Cochins, Leghorns, Houdans, Polish, Bantams. W. L. Hughes, best show of Pit Game fowls. Wm. P. Palmer, Largest show of pure-bred fowls. S. M. Owbley, heaviest cock and hen PiqEOfl DEp/Vf^TI^Eflj. MOORE'S WORK ON PIGEONS. (Continued from page 87.) Were a gentleman in the country to stock a dove-house with this sort of pigeons, their whimsical gestures might en- gage the country people to imagine he kept an enchanted castle. Some people disapprove of this sort of pigeons as apt to vitiate their other strains by making a hen squat by these antic gestures ; but in fact they are no more dangerous that way than any other breed when salacious. COLUMBA CIRCUMAGENS. The Turner. This pigeon is in many respects like the Pinnikin, except that when it is salacious and plays to the female it turns only one way, whereas the other turns both ; it has no tuft on the hinder part of the head ; neither is it snake-headed. COLUMBA NUMIDICA. The Barb, or Barbary Pigeon. This pigeon is in size somewhat larger than a Jacobine, it is called a Barb for shortness instead of the Barbary pigeon, being originally brought from that country. It has a very short beak like a bullfinch, with a verj' small wattle, and a naked circle of tuberous red fiesh round the eyes, whose irides are of a pearl color. The broader and redder the fiesh is, the more the bird is valued, though it is very narrow when the bird is young, and does not come to its full growth until they are four years old. Some of them have a tuft of feathers on the hinder part of the head, some- what like a Pinnikin, and others not. Mr. Willoughby, in his description of this bird, is guilty of a very great mistake, in imagining the tuberous flesh to be white in some birds of this kind, which it never is, though it will grow pale when the bird is sick ; but when it recov- ers, always reassumes its wonted redness. Their original color is either black or dun, though there are Pieds of both these feathers, but they are bred from the Barb and Mahomet, and are not so much valued. COLUMBA NUMIDICI ALBA. The Mahomet. This pigeon is no more in reality than a white Barb, which makes the red tuberous fiesh round the eyes look very beau- tiful. All that can further be added with regard to this pigeon, is to' assign the reason, why this name of Mahomet is given to it, which I take to be this. Mahomet, the imposter prophet of the Turkish religion, and author of the Alcoran, is reputed by some authors, and FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCHANGB. 103 those of good note, as Scnliger, Grotius, and Sionita, to have made use of the followingstriitagem, to induce thecredulouK Anibiiuis to believe that ho conversed frequently witli tlie Holy Spirit, and received from his mission as a prophot, and tile new doctrines he was about to broach. This imposture lie carried on in this manner; he took a young ]iigeon of this kind which we are now describing, and which by the immaculate whiteness of its plumage, was not an improper emblem of purity and the celestial dove: this bird he brought up by hand, and made it very tame and familiar, till at last he taught it to oat meat out of his ear, which he might easily do, especially if he fed it with rape or hemp seed there, which all pigeons are naturally fond of, till at last the ])igeon would come frequently to search for its food there. This bird he imposed upon the Arabians to be the Holy Ghost, whispering the dictates of the Almighty, and teaching him the precepts of his new law, and from hence, this bird is called after him by the name of Mahomet. Since we are tlius entered into the story of this imposter, it may not bo amiss to amuse our readers, with a stratagem an Arabian girl made use of to prove the truth of his pre- tended mission ; the story as related by D. Prideaux in his life of Mahomet runs thus. Three years before his death, he led forth his army against Chaibar,-a city inhabited by the Arabs of the Jewish relig- ion, who being overthrown by him in battle, he besieged their city and took it by storm. And here those who are magnifiers of Ali, tell this miracle of him, that in the assault Sampson like, he plucked up one of the gates of the city (which was of that weight saith Abul Feda, that eight other men could not move it), and held it before him for a shield to defend himself against thebeseiged, till the city was taken. On Mahomet's entering the town, he took up his quarters in the house of Hareth, one of the principal inhabitants of the place ; whose daughter Zainab making ready a shoulder of mutton for his supper, poisoned it; and here those who are for ascribing miracles to Mahomet, tells us that the shoulder of mutton spoke to him, and discovered that it was poisoned I but it seems if it did so, it was too late to do him any good. For Basher, one of his companions, falling on too greedily to eat it, fell down dead on the place. And al-, though Jlahomet had not immediately the same fate, because not liking the taste, bespit out again what he had taken into his mouth, yet he let down enough to do his business; for ho was never well after this supper, and at three years end died of it. The maid being asked why she did this, answered that she had a mind to make a trial whether ho were a prophet or no. For wore ho a prophet, said she, he could certainly know that the moat was poisoned ; and therefore would receive no harm from it ; but if he were not a prophet, she thought she should do tho world good service in ridding it of so wicked a tyrant. During his sickness, ho muoli ooniplainod of tho bit which he had taken atChaibar, tolling those that came to visit him, that he had folt the torments of it in his body ever since, and that at times it brought on him very dolorous pains, and that then it was going to break his very heart strings. And when among others, there came to see him the mother of Basher who died on the spot, of that poison, he cried out, O mother of Basher, the veins of my heart are now breaking of the bit which I eat with your son at Chaibar : so that it seems notwithstanding the intimacy which he pretended with the angel Gabriel, and the continual revelations which he bragged Ihiit hi- received from him, he could not be pre- served from thus perishing by the hand« of a silly girl. COI.UMBA PIMBRIATA. The Turbil. Tho reason why this pigeon is named by the Knglish I cannot by any means account for ; the low Dutch call it cort-beke, or short-bill, upon account of tho shortness of its beak. It is a small pigeon very little bigger than a Jacobine, its beak is very short like a partridge, and the shorter the bet- ter; it has a round button head, and the feathers on the breast open and reflect both ways, standing out almost like fringe or tho frill of a modern shirt; this is called the purle, and tho more of it the bird has, the more it is admired. As for the feather, their tail and the back of the winga ought to be of one entire color, as blue, black, red, yellow, dun and checkered ; the flight feathers and all the rest of the body should be white. They are a very pretty light pigeon, and if used to fly when young, some of them make very good flyers. I have seen a flight of them kept by one Girton that would mount.almost high as Tumblers. There are of this sort all white, black, and blue, which by a mistake are often called and taken for owls. COLUMBA BUBO NOMINATA. The Owl. This pigeon is in make and shape lilfe the former, except that the upper chap of its beak is hooked over like an owl's, from whence it has its name. Its plumage is always entirely white, blue, or black. COLUMBA TREMULA LATICAUDA. The Broad-tailed Shakei-. This pigeon has a beautiful, long, thin neck, which bends like the neck of a swan, leaning towards the back; it has a frequent tremulous motion, or shaking in the neck, espec- ially when salaceous, which is tho reason why they are call- ed Shakers. It has a full breast, a very short back, and a tail consisting of a great number of feathers, seldom less than four-and-twenty, which it spreads in a very elegant manner, like the tail of a turkey cock, and throws it up so much that the head and tail froquently meet. They are called by some Fantails, and 1 once saw one that had six and thirty feathers in its tail ; but when they have so many feathers it is apt to make them lop their tails, and not let them moot with their head, which is a very great fault. Thej- are most commonly all white, though 1 have seen both black, blue, rod, and yellow pieds, but the white ones have generally the host carriage in their tail and head ; there are two sorts of these broad-tailed shakers, the one having a nock much longer and more slender than the other, but the longest neck is tho most beautiful and the most esteemed. COLUMBA TREMULA ARCTICAUDA. r/i.' Narroic-tailed S/iakfr. This pigeon is reckoned by some a distinct species, though I am apt to believe it is only a bastard breed between the foregoing and some other bird. Its neck is shorter and thicker, its back longer, the feathers of its tail are not so much spread out, but fall as it were double, lying over one another, and the tail generally lops very much. 104 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. i (t^ ANOIEES' J|0URNAL AND flp OULTRY ^pXCHANGB, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pkof. a. N. Ratjb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Norck Nintli Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " U.S. and Canada,... 2 50 Per Annum, Foreign Subscribers, 3 54 EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. PEDIGKEK NONSENSE. Many of our readers have no doubt read Mr. Burnham's article on " Pedigrees " in the last number oi Vaei Poultry World. We also have received a communication from him explaining why he " wopped over," which we most respect- fully decline to publish. "We do not think an explanation is necessary. The whole thing is so transparent that fan- ciers who have read the last number of the above paper, seen the Light Brahma cut, advertisement, and Mr. Burn- ham's article must be very obtuse indeed if they cannot see through his conversion. It is no excuse to say that fanciers want pedigree birds. It is not fanciers, but the uninitiated, who think that the pedigree will be a protection, apparently never giving the matter a serious thought, or they would know that a pedigree was quickly made. The trouble is our journal does not reach this class until their fingers get badly burnt. Aboutthis time some one tells them there is a, Fanciers' Journal, and the scales fall from their eyes, but this is usually after their money is gone. As a general thing fanciers are very confiding in their nature, and being honest themselves, are very easily imposed upon \>y the unprincipled ; but the columns of this journal, while controlled by its present edi- tor, shall never be prostituted to that purpose, therefore, Mr. Burnham, we advise you to send the communication in ques- tion to Connecticut, where it will, no doubt, be thankfully received. While at Bufi'alo our attention was called to a trio of ped- igree Light Brahmas, which cost $150, but were not good enough to win even a fifth premium. The bill should have been made out as follows : One trio of Light Brahmas, $35 ; pedigree, $115. Now if we had purchased pedigree fowls at the above price the question would be with us, whether the pedigree was really worth $115, which, according to our judgment, was its actual cost in the above case. Aqricola, in the Christian at Work, says — ■" Last year I made new and improved hen roosts in my hennery (not patented)' which please me better than any other style I ever met with. On one side of the hennery, which is about 12 feet long, there are three shelves 22 inches wide, one above the other, about 20 inches apart. The back edges of the shelves touch the wall, so that nothing can fall behind. "About three inches above the middle of each shelf a roost- ing pole extends the entire length, the ends of the pole being so supported that it can be removed without diflBculty. The fowls ascend to their roosts by means of an inclined board with cleats nailed across, which is placed parallel with the shelves, close to the front edges. " The shelves prevent any droppings falling on the fowls below them. The roosts occupy but little room, and at night one can get a desirable view of every fowl in convenient reach. The droppings may be easily removed with a shovel." MRS. SOTJTH'WORTH'S NEW NOVEL. Mrs. Emma TJ. E. N. Southworth, the noted American authoress, has just finished writing a new novelette, not a line of it ever having been printed before, to which she has given the name of " The Spectre Lover," and has placed it in the hands of her publishers, T. B. Peterson & Brothers, Philadelphia, for immediate publication, who will issue it in a few days in uniform style with all of her previous works. The volume will also contain, besides " The Spectre Lover," other stories by her sister, Mrs. Prances Henshaw Baden, and it will no doubt prove to be one of the most popular volumes ever issued by this author. No words from us are necessary to commend this book to Mrs. Southworth's many admirers ; they will find in it no falling off of the power that has made bar previous books so attractive to them ; the style is spirited and the intense interest sustained to the end. All of Mrs. Southworth's Thirty-eight Popular Books are put up in a neat box, price $66.50, or $1.75 each, bound in morocco cloth, with a very handsome, newly designed full gilt back, and copies of any one or more of the volumes, or a complete set, will be sent to any address, free of postage, or freight pre-paid, on remitting price to the Publishers. Poultry fanciers and breeders throughout the land will be gratified to learn that they will soon be represented in the United States Senate. This long-felt want has been sup- plied by the State of Missouri, which, at a joint session of the Legislature, elected a Cockerell (F. M.) United States Senator for six years. The variety is not stated, but doubt- less it is one of the prominent American bloods. We hope this bird will Tilion the highe.st rider of a rail fence, and denounce such reprehensible practices as " nest hiding." Let him denounce in the thunder tones of a six-year old Buff Cochin cock, all frauds demoralizing the fraternity. Let him be independent, and never pair off on any impor- tant question. Let him advocate. the scratchings of the " Westward Hoi" doctrine henewaj ; and may lie show that blood will tell, even when pedigree has long been the way of the Fisky woodbine. May this Cockerell ever be fond of grain {-gers) , without distilling or extracting any spirit therefrom. May he be down — like a hen hawk on a spring chick — on any black-leg {horn) nonsense, and firm as the Plymouth Rock in his doctrines ; ever be Pacific in his re- marks, spurred on to strike for the good of all, and live to enjoy a good (mile) age, and never become too fond of Poly Ticks. Always vote correctly on the Spanish question, and never get the Asiatic cholera. Coi^F^ESfOplDEflCE. new society. Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir : A meeting of the breeders and fanciers of this vicinity assembled together on the 3d, and organized a poultry association to be known as the Bloomingtou Poultry FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 105 Association. The following gentlemen were elected officers for the ensuing year. President — W. K. Duncan, of Towanda, III. Secretary — J. H. Leaton, Bloomington. 7Veas?irer— James M. Wills, Bloomington. Vice-Presidents— Mr. Carpenter, of Downs ; L. P. Billngs, of Randolph; Dr. J. M. Gray, of Normal ; W. J. Holder, of Hudson; A. A. Kiddlo, of Towanda; Gavin Dunlap, of Padua; Noah Franklin, of Lexington; S. C. Best, of Bloomington. An Executive Committee was elected, consisting of W. K. Duncan, J. H. Leaton, James M. Wills, Alexander Stump, and F. J. Hoffman. Finance Committee, composed of John R. Stone, Charles V. Holder, and B. Gray. After transacting other huisness the meeting adjourned to meet again on tlie 4th day of March. Our first show will perhaps be in connection with the county fair, and a grand exhibition sometime during December next. By this you will sec that the ball is still rolling in the west ; you will con- fer on us a great favor by giving this space in your valuable Journal. Yours truly, Jamks M. Wills. Bloominoton, III, February 4, 1875. (For Fanciers' Journal.) SEX IN EGGS.-BLACK LEGHORNS, Etc. I HAVE not seen anything from your correspondents lately about friend Pyle's air bladders in eggs. I gave it a fair trial last spring. I was experimenting with a cross, and did not care to raise any cockerels, so I set only those that Mr. Pyle said would invariably hatch pullets. The result was more than half cockerels. I raised some twenty chickens from the pullet eggs. What success did others have? I saw a breeder the other day, and he was speaking about it ; said he had the same luck that I did. About Black Leghorns ; I saw a cross, last fall, between a Brown Leghorn cock and Black Spanish hens. The pul- lets were all pure black, with fine white ear-lobes and good combs ; the legs were dark. The owner informed me, this winter, that they were laying splendidly. 1 mistrust that Novice knows more about fowls than he pretended. I have had good success with crossing Light Brahma hens with a large Hoiidan cock. The chickens are largo, and mature quickly, but have dark legs. South Ain-'sworth, N. H. John G. MrlvEKN. FOWLS EATING EGGS. Desiring to contribute my mite, I append a recipe which I have successfully practiced for the prevention of fowls eat- ing their eggs. Numerous remedies were brought into requisition, but they proved of no avail. After some con- sideration a novel plan forced itself upon my mind, and in a few minutes I might have been seen scraping at the beaks of the fowls to such an extent that they were unable to use them for breaking the shells of eggs, and ever since I have been spared this much complained of and provoking eatins; of eggs. This is a remedy which caiinol fail in bringins; about the most gratifying results, without injuring the qual- ities of the fowls so treated. Pkrk-Nixon. Hambcko, Pa. white quails. Friend Wade: The following item, taken from my note-book, may bo found of interest to some of the readers of your valuable Journal : Within the past few weeks three pure white quails have been trapped and sent alive to this city, for sale. Two of these qtuiils were taken by a trapper in Central Iowa, and one, in like manner, by other parties in Wisconsin They seem to be more plenty of late years, though all such specimens are rare, and much sought after by naturalists. 86 RoBEY St., Chicago, Feb. 10, 1875. M. W. Ly.MAN. ATHOL POULTRY AND PET STOCK ASSOCIATION. President — 0. Mixter, Phillipston, Mass. Vice-Presidents— C. B. Morse, J. P. Humphrey, and Dr. F. Brown, Athol ; G. W. Cleveland, Millington; and P. Connor, Petersboro, ilass. Treasurer — E. T. Lewis. Secretary — K. Wm. "Waterman, Athol, Mass. The Exhibition of the Athol Poultry and Pet Stock As- sociation will be held on the 24th and 25lh of this month, in the Music Ifall, Athol, Mass. Everything promises well for a good show. importation. Mr. Editor: I have received, per British ship " Universe," from Liv- erpool, a fine Skye terrier bitch, and expect to bring out a fine dog this summer. Tours truly, Nelson V. Ketchum. Savannah, Ga., Feb 8, 1875. AND YOUXQ folk's CORNER. 4®~ All communications and coDtributions intended for this depart- ment should be addressed to HOWARD I. IRELAND, Concordvllle, Delaware Co., Pa. ALBINO SQUIRRELS. Mr. Editor : I notice Mr. Ireland is still skeptical in reference to the views expressed by myself in reply to his note, expressing a belief that a new variety of white squirrels had been found by a Mr. Bassett, in Wisconsin. To me the problem seems already solved, but Mr. Ireland, in your last issue, calls for more evidence, so here it is : By an attentive peru.-^al of the best works on Natural His- tory, I have failed to tind a variety of white squirrel men- tioned. Among the twenty-five varieties found in America by Audubon, and de.'scribed by him, he only speaks of the white squirrel as an albino. He says ho has frequently seen black and tjray squirrels taken from the same nest together, and further remarks: '-Perhaps none of our squirrels are subject to greater variety of color than the cat squirrel ; we have seen specimens of every tint, from light gray almost to black ; two others that came under our observation were «early white and had not the red or pink eyes which are a characteristic mark of that variety, in any animal which is called an albino." In speaking of the hackee or chipmuck, he says: " We possess an albino sent to us alive, snow white, with red eyes, also another specimen jet black.' In Wood's Natural History we find the following in refersnee to the I hackee: "It is slightly variable in color, according to the I localitv in which it exists. It has been known to be so cap- 106 FANOIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. ricious in color, as to furnish specimens of pure white and jet black." Audubon says in reference to albino rats : "We have on several occasions, through the kindness of friends, received specimens of white rats which were supposed to be new species ; they proved to be albinos of the present spe- cies. Their color was white throughout, representing the usual characteristics of the albino, with red eyes ; one of this variety was preserved for many months in a cage with a brown rat, producing young that in this instance all proved to be brown." Albinos are not so rare as supposed in the animal kingdom. In looking through the museum of the Agricultural rooms, also the private museum of James A. Hurst & Son, taxider- mists, in this city, I find twenty different specimens of al- binos, viz : two gray squirrels, two red squirrels, two hackees, one black squirrel, two Central America squirrels, one fox squirrel, two deer, two field mice, one gopher, one rat, one robin, one crow, one English pheasant, and one yellow- billed cuckoo. In a certain town in this State there is a family consisting of eight children, three of whom are albinos, one boy and two girls I their parents are white, with nothing peculiar in their appearance, nor is there in the rest of the children. These albinos have married and their offspring do not in- herit this peculiarity. There is another family living in Albany which has several albinos in it. Every alternate child is an albino.. These examples might be multiplied, but with such an array of facts, the editor of the Small Pet Department doubt- less will be convinced that albino squirrels do exist in Wis- consin, and that the individuals referred to by Mr. Bassett are only albinos and not a distinct species of white squirrels. James S. Bailey, M.D. MORE ABOUT WHITE SaUIRRELS. HowAKD I. Ireland. Dear Sir: The Fanciers' Journal containing your last article on white squirrels is before me. I begin to feel some interest in the matter, though not wishing to enter into any controversy, or be understood as expressing an opinion as to the origin, etc., but will give you a few additional facts I have been carefully gathering since I first wrote to you concerning the matter. Had I any to sell I should feel as though I owed friend Wade for an advertisement, for I have received upwards of twenty letters from parties wishing to purchase ; in some cases offering handsome prices. Also several letters of in- quiry, and some comparing of notes; so I have learned two things, viz. : that they are valuable, but also found in other localities. After much inquiry, the first one I can get track of was captured some seven years since, about eight miles from the city (Berlin, Wis.), and died soon after. It was half- grown ; sex, male ; no clue to parentage. One was captured when nearly full-grown (by boys and small dog) some five years ago — and is still held captive — about eighteen miles from here. This also is a male and a very fine specimen (not for sale). I also learn of three being killed about the same time, at different places, ranging from eight to twelve miles from the city, but no clue to parentage. One pair now owned some seven miles from here were caught when just large enough to be out on the tree, but not far from the nest. Three were taken, two males and one female ; one male died some weeks after ; no clue to parent- age. I have seen this pair several tiroes during the last three years. They have been captives about five years. Permit me to say just here that the country around Ber- lin is quite different in character, some openings, some heavy timber, and some marsh. In the openings the black squir- rel is seldom seen, but are quite plentiful in some of the heavy timbers. The man who caught the above pair says he never saw a black one in the neighborhood ; gray and fox being the kinds mostly seen. He also saw at different times, prior to capturing these, two other white ones, but could not capture them. Three others were captured, which I spoke of in my last communication — all males — when the gray squirrel was routed from the nest. Two were caught some three years ago — one male, one female — about twenty miles from here ; no clue to parentage. The one I have in my possession was caught last August; it is a male. It was found on a rail fence by a boy who chased him into a hole and caught him. One caught last fall was found picking up acorns ; chased and caught. Of course, a male. I give these cases particularly from the fact that I have seen most of the squirrels alluded to, and know positively of the facts. Several claim to have killed them during the last three years, some of which I know to be the case. One fact seems to be well established, that they are becoming more numerous every year ; at any rate more are being taken. It is true they possess some peculiarities of albinoism, and females seem unusually scarce among them. Again most of these I mention have been found in localities where the black squirrels are as scarce as the white. Tours respectfully, Berlin, Wis., February 1, lS7o. Edwakd Bassktt. [The above was not written for publication, but was kindly offered to me by Mr. Bassett for the purpose of fur- nishing facts to glean from. But the communication ex- plains the history of the squirrels so clearly that I took the liberty to publish it nearly verbatum. Will any of our readers who know anything concerning white squirrels give me the facts for the information of those interested in the matter.— Ed. S. P. D.] Birds, like men, need a leader. A flock of sparrows will sit chattering on a tree, underneath which crumbs are strewn, till one, more venturous than his fellows, flies to the ground ; then they will all follow in rapid succession. Now that the ponds and brooks are covered with ice, the fish which during the warm months sported so gaily in the murmuring streams and the placid ponds, are all crowded in the deepest pools and holes. Man wishing minnows, either for pickeral bait or for the aquarium, takes advantage of this instinct which leads the fish to seek the deepest holes during the cold weather, and accoutred with a hatchet, a jar, and a hand net, visits these gathering places and cutting a hole in the ice, dips them out by hundreds. Philo. A squirrel will balance a nut in his paw, and judge by its weight whether or not it is rotten. Instinct. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 107 We're feolin''bad at our housfi, Indood I think wo ort ; For, do you know, some tarnnl snoftk Hiis killed our littlu Sport. Lie wnrn't to lionu^ at breakfast time, A vvaitin' for lii.s grub; And dinner passed, and still it lay Untnstod in its tub. And then wc know'd that soinethin' bad Had happened to the dog ; For ho " wa.s there " at meals as sure "A.s fallin' off a log." Then Qeorgie found liini by the road, A lyin' cold and dead ; While from his jugular the blood Was flowiii' thick and red. Davkni'ipkt, Iowa, January 22, 1875. DOGGEREL, O, warn't it mean to cut his throat, And give him so much pain ? I 'spose the cruel, thievin' wretch Thought shootin' too huinane. He warn't a dog that worried cats, And prowled around for prey, He only killed a goslin' once, And that was jist in play. O, dear old Sport I he was a dog With many cunnin' ways — How vn; shall miss his patterin' feel. His bark and pnp|iish plays I He treated visitors as thieves, Who did'nt wear good clozes ; While all the nicely dressed young men Ha thought were our girls' beaux. The first were sure to feel hia teeth Upon their ill-clad heel ; The last, he did his level best To make them welcome feel. Our Saidie did'nt like to have Him in the parlor sit ; And when, by chance, the two there met. Poor Sportie had to git. Good-bye, old Sport ! the tears we Shall wa.sh out each misdeed, [shed And leave to us thy better self, From every dog-fault freed. Gond-bye I and if there be a land Where worthy doggies gi>; We're very sure that you, with them, Will stand a first-rate .show. — Incoonitus. FRED AND POLL. A viCRY amusing scene occurred in a hotel kept by a gentleman of the " jioultry fancy," whoso name we will not mention. Among other pets which he had, was a line large Parrot, which he kept in the bar-room. The bird knew and obeyed his master well. Ono day, in the presence of several per- sons, he performed various antics for his master, among the rest he walked from the counter, along his extended arm, to his shoulder, and perching there in his own peculiar and droll way, he kissed him. Putting the bird down upon the counter, he left him and went to his dinner. One of the persons who had witnessed tho scene described, whom wc will call Fred, went to the counter, in the absence of the Parrot's master, and extend- ing his arm invited Poll to walk up ; this the bird did, and seated himself upon Fred's shoulder. Pleased with Poll for this, Fred said to him, " Kiss, Poll," when Poll reached out and took hold of the end of Fred's nose with his sharp beak and fastened himself there, refusing to let go. Greatly surprised and frightened, Fred com- menced to dance around the room with tho Parrot hanging to his nasal organ. Hearing the rumpus, the owner of the bird hastened into the bar-room, where he saw the pcrform- aneo of Fred and Poll. Of course he could not refrain from laughing, but roared out. He loosed the Parrot, and Fred went his way swearing vengeance upon Poll. TURBOTVILLK. TATKNT SKLF-BIJfDERS. In response to numerous iniiuiries, we beg to announce that we are now prepared to furnish our patrons with a compute Self-Binder, holding from a single copy of tho /ournano an entire volume ; each number can be inserted as received. They are in full cloth, embossed and gilt side, being an ornament as well as a very great convenience. Price, $1.00. Address Jos. JNI. Wade, 39 North Nintli Street, Philadelphia. Binding for Journal of 1874 is now ready [see adveriise- Dient elsewhere). Fanciers wishing their Journal bound in good shape, will do well to mail them to this otfice. Postage, one cent for every two ounces. The name of subscriber will be stamped on the cover, free, when retjuested. FANCIERS' JOURNAL & POULTRY EXCHANGE Jcs. M. Wadk, Ei/!(or and Proprietor, 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. Proi'. a. N. Kauu, Associate Editor. Howard I. Ireland, Editor Small Pet Department and Voung Folk's Corner. Henry Erdm.^n, Artist and Engraver. Prospectus for 1875. Under the new postal arrangements, the publisher will prepay American postage, and we shall continue the same subscription price: Per annum, postage prepaid $2.50 Six months " " 1.25 Four months, " " 1.00 RATES OF ADVERTISING : Single insertion, 20 cents per line of 12 words. Tho Fanciers' Journal is the only weekly, and is now presumed to be decidedly the best, Poultry and Small Pet paper published in this country. Its articles are copied more extensively in England than from all the other papers of ita class, in this country, combined, which proves conclusively that we have a better class of contributors. It is with pleasure that we point to the following list of names, whose talents will continue to enrich our columns: James S. Bailey, M.D., Albany, X. Y. Wilbur P. Morgan, M.D., .... Baltimore, Md. H. Woodward, Worcester, Mass. Treasurer of Mechanics' Saviug Bank. "Peter Simple," New York. W. W. Hill Albany, N. Y. Wm. E. Flower, Shoemakertown, Pa. A. M. Halsted Rye, N. Y. Fred. Mather, Honeoye Falls, N. Y. Fish Culturist. E. W\ Goodwin, M.D., Moro, III. A. M. Dickie, M.D., Doylestown, Pa. G. O. Brown, Brooklandville, Md. Isaac Van Winkle, Greenville, N. J. Geo. p. Bcrnuam, Melrose, Mass. Rev. F. R. Wotring, Mansfield, Pa. Rev. Wm. Atwood Big Flatts, N. Y. Major J. H. Cryek, .... Southport, England. 108 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. From reliable parties, OD any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. Discounts Made on Prompt Payments. For three months, 12]^ per cent, discount. " sis months, 25 *' " " ninemonths, 37^ " " " twelve months, 50 " " CHANQED AS OFT£N AS BESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance. Our terms are cash on presentation of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exctiang^es limited to 4S words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. 4®^ Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. ExcFjy^NqEs. ^^"Advertisements in this Column, op Five Lines, or Forty- Eight Words, describing and offering for excbange only, WILL be allowed AT 25 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. WII,Ii EXCHANGE.— A few pure-bred Rouen Drakes, for White Leghorns, Spangled Hamburgs, Spangled Polands, Houdans, or Plymouth Rocks. D. L. LEEDS, Eeeseville, Chester Co., Fa. S. HARRT KNOX, will exchange one trio White Game Bantam chicks, exhibition birds, for Brown Red, Red Pyle Game, or Black Afri- can Bantams. HAMILTON SQUARE POULTRY YARDS, P. 0. address, 1-5.5 Front Street. Worcester, Mass. WIIiE EXCHANGE One cock, one hen, and five early hatched Plymouth Rock pullets; four Light Brahma hens and three White Leg- horn pullets, for Buflf and Partridge Cochins, and Dark Brahmas; also, D. B. and P. C. cockerels, for fancy pigeons. OLIVER D. SCHOCK, Hamburg, Berks Co., Pa. iriEE EXCHANGE.— One Buff Cochin cock and three hens, Her- stine's strain, and four Partridge Cochin pullets, Williams' strain, for Black B. Red or Pile Games. W. A. McGREW, Ottum>Ta, Iowa. FOR EXCHANGE.— Will exchange W. F. B. Spanish and Houdan cocks or cockerels, for Black Cochin, Gray Dorking, and B. B. R. Game Bantam cocks or cockerels. Birds must compare with standard. M. J. SEITZ, Box 98, York, Pa. ■WIEIi EXCHANGE.— B. B. Red and Duckwing Games and one ■trio Houdans, for fancy pigeons. What other offers? J. W. SWEISFORT, Danville, Pa. WIIiE EXCHANGE.— A fine Breech-loading Shot Gun, with can- vass game bag, shot pouch and powder flask, the whole worth $25, for White Leghorns or Silver Polands (the latter preferred). What offers? Address C. S. GILBERT, Millersburg, Dauphin Co., Pa. EXCHANGE. — I have to exchange for Black Red Bantams or fancy pigeons, the following stock ; one pair Dominique Bantams, one trio Black African Bantams, one pair Golden Polands, one pair each Light Brahmas, Black Hamburgs, Houdans, Aylesbury and Rouen Ducks; three pair Canary birds, one Bull Terrier pup, and a large lot of fancy pigeons. CHARLES D. PARKER, Arlington, Md. TO EXCHANGE.— Four Aylesbury drakes (Warner's stock) for first-class segars. Black Cochins, or Golden Sebright Bantams. C. N. BROWN, Unadilla Forks, Otsego Co., N. Y. EXCHANGE.— A rare chance. Will trade my Black-and-tan Hound, " Grant," three years old, warranted a good hunter, for first-class fancy poultry. Lop-eared or Angora Rabbits, or Ferrets; also, five Bull- dog pups, for first-class poultry. Address L. J. NEWHARD, Allentown, Pa. TFII.I. EXCHANGE.— One trio White Cochins, two trios Dark Brahmas, two G. Poland cockerels, one G. S. Hamburg cockerel, one S. P. Hamburg cockerel, for fancy pigeons, D. Brahma cockerel, Duckwing or Red Pyle Game Bantams. Address T. A. WINFIELD, Hubbard, Ohio. WIEE EXCHANGE A few Light and Dark Brahmas, White Partridge and Butf Cochin cockerels, for fancy pigeons, White Fans or Wing Turbits preferred. Address D. S. McCALLUM, Box 264, Hornellsville, N. Y. TO EXCHANGE.— A pure Alderney Bull calf, three months old, for fancy pigeons. He is by Cyclops, who took 1st premium at Pimlico, 1874, and out of Jenny Lind, who took 2d premium at Pimlico, 1S74. He is fawn and white ; and I will warrant him to be as pure and fine a calf as there is in the country. CHARLES D. PARKER, Arlington, Md. WANTED. — One pair White Leghorns (exhibition birds), Rouen ducks, one Black Fan (female). Blue Owl (female). Yellow Barb (male)— in exchauge I will give trio of White Leghorns (Smith's stock), pair of Sebright Bantaias (Williams' stock), and choice Fancy pigeons. J. EDWIN KENDALL, Lawrence, Mass. WOUED EXCHANGE Steel spurs, two Dark Brahma pullets, and a good collection of coins — for Rsd Pile Game fowls, or Black-breasted Red or Pile Game Bantams. Address ALFRED A. BEROW, Lock Box 702, Watertown, N. Y. WIIiE EXCHANGE.— My whole breeding stock, one trio of each. Golden and Silver-Spangled Hamburgs, Golden Polands, White Leghorns, Black Javas, two Partridge Cochin pullets, one Dark Btahma cock — for extra good Fancy Pigeons or greenbacks. My stock is first-class. S. D. E. SMITH, Williamsport, Pa. FOR EXCHANGE.— A new ($80) pattern Grover & Baker Sewing Machine, for Fancv Pigeons. Nothing but first-class birds wanted. Address ARTHUR J. COLBURN, 31 Boylston St., Boston, Mass FOR EXCHANGE.— Two pair Rouen Ducks, first premium stock, for Fancy Pigeoiis or Game Bantams, either Duckwings or Brown Reds. Address ARTHUR J. COLBURN, 31 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Dark Brahma cockerels. Light Brahma cockerels or pullets — for White or Partridge Cochin, or Dark Brahma pullets. Only fine birds given or received. Eggs from my Dark or Light Brahmas, for Bronze Turkey eggs. Address R. Y. FAIRSERVICE, East Newark, N. J. WIEE EXCHANGE.— One trio Heathwood Game chicks, six liens, and six pullets, for same number Brown Leghorn fowls or chicks (Bonney's or Kinney's strains). JOHN M. TATE, Box 577, Pittsburg, Pa. TO EXCHANGE.— Cockerels! Cockerels!! Cockerels!!! Light Brahma cockerels (Williams' strain), for Aylesbury Ducks, or Tumbler Pigeons ; cockerels are first-class ; pigeons and ducks must be same, W. W. ELLIOTT, McEwensville, Pa. ■WIEE EXCHANGE.— Light Brahmas or White Cochins for Fan- cy Pigeons. Fine stock given and fine expected in return. Address W. 0. BEEBE, or L. E. JAMES, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. WIIiE EXCHANGE Choice stereo, photographs of interesting scenes (selected from a rare private collection), for most any kind of pure bred poultry. Full particulars given. Address G. 0. BROWN, Montvue Poultry Yards, Brooklandville, Md. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Artistic stereo, photographs, better views than can be purchased regular way, for good Fancy Pigeons, Rabbits, I5irds, etc. What olfers. Address GEO. 0. BROWN, Brooklandville, Md. TVIEE EXCHANGE.— First-class stereo, views, from a choice collection of over 3000, all of interest, for Rabbits, pure-bred fowls, etc. Address MONTVUE POULTRY YARDS, Brooklandville, Md. fVIEE EXCHANGE.— Photographic gems of scenery, for stereo- scope, and guarantee satisfaction, for good pure-bred Poultry, Pigeons, MONTVUE POULTRY Y'AEDS, Brooklandville, Md. WIEE EXCHANGE.— A six-seat family carriage, cost S700 (made for an oflficer of U. S. Army), but little used, will exchange for pure-bred Pigs, Fowls, or good Milch Cows. Price, S250. Address MONTVUE POULTRY YARDS, Brooklandville, Md. TTIEE EXCHANGE.— BuflT Cochin hens. Partridge Cochin hens, or Rouen Ducks— for Hamburgs, Black Spanish, Black Cochins, Creve- cceurs. La Fleche. Fowls to be first-class as mine are. C. N. BROWN, Unadilla Forks, Otsego Co., N. Y. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Two pairs of Ruff Necks, one pair Black (the two pair, cock red, hen yellow; — for Red, Yellow, or Black-winged Turbits. My birds are very choice, the same are wanted. Address F. H. SCHWARTZ, Bernville P. O., Berks Co., Pa. TO EXCHANGE.— Four pullets and one rooster. Dark Brahmas, late birds, not choice, but from good stock — for anvthing but live stock. What offers? Address LADY^ 39 N. Ninth St., Philadelphia. TO EXCHANGE.— Lop-eared, Himalayan, or Angora Rabbits— for Black Red, Red Pile, or other varieties of (^ame Bantams. Stock must be good, as Rabbits are from premium winners. Address W. E. FLOWER, Shoemakertown, Pa. EXCHANGE.— White Spitzer pup, 45 ; trio Buff Cochin chicks, $12 ; for sale or exchange. What offers ? Box 17, Beverly, N. J. PIGEONS FOR SAEE— GOOI> STOCK. Two pairs White Calcutta Fans, capped. Two pairs Pied Pouters, very large. One pair Salmon Tumblers, warranted to tumble. One pair " male and Mottled female, warranted to tumble. One pair Black female and Mottled male, " " One pair White Jacobins. One pair Brown " Red Swallow, female, odd ; Blue Carrier, male, odd. Will sell the lot for $20, or will send part at S3.50 per pair. These birds are all well-marked. Money to accompany order. Address JOS. H. KRAFT, Box 426, New Albany, Ind. FOR SAEE. — As I intend to devote my time entirely to bees, I will sell my entire stock of poultry, consisting of Light and Dark Brahmas, White, Partridge, and Buff Cochins, mostly Todd's and Williams' stock, in trios, pairs, singly, or all together cheap. D. S. McCALLUM, Box 264, Hornellsville, N. Y. WHITE EAR-EOBE BROWN EEGHORNS.— Eggs from my best birds, 93. Pigeons. — To reduce stock, I will sell Barbs, S6 to ?9 per pair; Yellow Owls (hen Imported), $17; Turbits, $4 to S8 ; Swallows, »5; Tumblers, Outside (warranted), $1.25 to $1.75, Inside, S4 ; Baldheads, $3.50; Beards, $5; Duchess (large and heavy-booted), $3, etc., etc. W. ATLEE BURPEE, 1332 Arch St., PhUadelphia. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, FEBRUARY 25, 1875. No. 8. THE RACCOON. Tins sprightly and symiiKitrical creaUiro is about the size of the Red Fox, though the latitude in which it is reared in- (luonces its proportions somowliat. Its general color is diffi- cult to describe, but is familiar to most of the readers of this journal. The coating of hair is of two kinds, one of a woolly character next to the skin ; the other is composed of long and rather stiff hairs which project through the wool. The general tint of the fur is of a blackish gray, the black predominating according to the position on the body. The under coating has a uniform gray color, while the projecting fur has not, but is alternately marked with black and gray- ish white. On the top of the head, across the eyes, and upon the knee joints of each leg, the fur is darker than elsewhere. The tail is bushy in character and is encircled with Ave or six rings of a blackish color upon a ground of dark gray. But few, however, have a just conception of the ability of the Coon to defend itself, and of its agility and intellect. Its general disposition is cheerful and amiable, though when irritated it often becomes vicious. When thoroughly domes- ticated its true disposition is rellected in its cunning antics before those he feels acquainted with. The Raccoon is easily tamed and when treated kindly is a great favorite as a pet. It uses its paws with as much dexterity in handling its food as the human species do their hands. It is very fond of water, and when it can do so always immerses its food in water before eating. This habit has given the Coon the title of Lolor, or Washer, or Washing Bear, according to German naturalists. Its carriage is peculiar ; when running rai)idly it only touches the tip of its toes, but when standing the whole sole of the foot is planted on the ground. It feeds chiefly at night, in a wild state, and sleeps during the day- time. The peculiarity of its teeth indicates that it feeds on flesh as well as vegetables. It is fond of sweetmeats, honey, and stimulating drinks and has been known to imbibe even to inebriety. When kept as a pet it is necessary to keep it from the poultry yard, for it has a fondness for biting off the heads of poultry and eating them at its leisure. Brickell, in his history of North Carolina, gives an inter- esting account of the cunning manifested by the Raccoon in pursuit of its prey. He says: "It is fond of crabs, and, when in quest Qf them, will take its station by a swamp, and hang its tail over into the water, which the crabs mis- take for food, and lay hold of it; as soon .as the Raccoon feels them pinch, it pulls up its tail with a sudden jerk, and they generally quit their hold upon being removed from the water. The Raccoon instantly seizes the crab in its mouth, removes them to a distance from the water and greedily devours its prey. It is very careful how it takes them up, which it always does from behind, holding them transversclv in order to prevent them catching its mouth with their nip- pers." It is also said to be very fond of oysters, and displays con- siderable ingenuity in opening the shell, though it sometimes falls a victim, and the closing shell holds it so tightly that the rising tide causes it to perish. An acquaintance of mine one dark night in walking along a well beaten path in the woods, encountered an old male Raccoon of largo size, which was evidently in pursuit of its mate. The Coon was so tenacious of the right of way that had not the man had a cane and used it freely over the back of the animal, he might have made a serious attack as he advanced with arched back and bristling hair, uttering a rough growl of displeasure. He was finally forced to retreat to a neighboring tree fearing further punishment. In the morning the Coon was pursued with a dog and captured, though not without oll'ering resistance and inflicting severe punishment upon the dog. Their agility and subtleness make the sport of Coon hunting very exciting. This is usually done by employing trained dogs to trail them. When sometimes after traveling many miles and being liard pressed they will take refuge in a tree. A fire is then started and made to blaze briskly under the tree in order to illuminate its branches. A good climber then ascends to dislodge the Coon, or the tree is felled to the ground. Audubon in his description of a Coon hunt, closes with the following graphic account: "OflT we start again. The boys bad got up with the dogs, which were baying at a Rac- coon in a small puddle. We soon joined them with a light. 'Now, stranger ! watch and see I' The Raccoon was all but swimming, and yet had hold of the bottom of the pool with his feet. The glare of the lighted torch was doubtless dis- tressing to him ; his coat was ruffled, and his rounded tail seemed thrice its ordinary size, his eyes shone like eme- ralds ; with foaming jaws he watched the dogs, ready to seize each by the snout if it came within reach. They kept him busy for several minutes ; the water became thick with mud ; his coat now hung dripping and his draggled tail lay floating on the surface. Uis guttural growlings, in place of intimidating his assailants, excited thera the more ; and they very unceremoniously closed upon him, curs as they were, and without the breeding of gentle dogs. One seized him by the rump, and tugged, but was soon forced to let go; another stuck to his side, but soon taking a better directed bite of his muzzle than another dog had just of his tail, Coon made him yelp; and pitiful wore the cries of luck- less tyke. The Raccoon would not let go, but in the mean- time the other dogs seized him fast, and worried him to death, yet to the last he held by his antagonist's snout. Knocked on the head by an axe, he lay gasping his la^t breath, and the heaving of bis chest was painful to see. The hunters stood gazing at him in the pool, while all around was by the flare of the torch rendereil terribly dark and dismal. It was a good scene for a skilful painter." The writer once witnessed a very similar scene, though in broad daylight. Some negroes who had been trailing a Coon with dogs in the latter part of night, about daybreak drove Il4 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. it to its den in the outer skirts of a woodland district bor- dering a corn field just then in roasting ear, of which Coons are extremely fond. Being destitute of an axe and ex- tremely tired they repaired to town, and two companions and myself concluded to invest in the pastime. So we started after sunrise with a guide to cut the tree and dislodge the Coon. The tree proved to be of considerable size and each one in turn used the axe. Before we had finished our hands were shockingly blistered, but still we persevered until the tree began to sway, when one of our number se- cured the hounds to keep them from, being crushed by the falling tree, which came down with a crash, then the young dogs were released, each one eager for the affray. The tree contained two full grown young Goons, with their mother. As the pups advanced upon them each one turned upon their backs, and such a clawing and biting dogs never received before. The woods were made hideous by the yelping of the dogs and the hoarse barking and growling of the Coons. The old dog was released, and finally all four of them, with the assistance of ourselves, succeeded in killing the Coons though they were badly lacerated and the ground was strewn with hair. The battle was now ended, and with the victims we started for home to receive the congratulations of friends, as well as to apply remedies suited to our already swollen hands. The Eaccoon is peculiar to America. Its young usually appear in May, in from two to three in a litter. The skins from this animal when taken in the proper season of the year are valuable for lap robes. The fur is extensively employed in the manufacture of hats. The Coon has even inspired poets to weave their exploits into verse. As there is more truth than poetry in the writer, the task if completed must fall to the gentleman fancier and poet. Dr. "Wilbur P. Morgan, whose productions have fre- quently graced the columns of the Fanciers' Journal. James S. Bailby, M.D. Dear Wadb : Will you have the kindness to say through the columns of the Journal how eels propagate, or will you ask some one else to do so ? I never saw an eel with spawn, and I know of no one who has. There are many theories upon this subject, but nothing has as yet been verified. The common lamprej' is by many supposed to be the female eel, that lays the spawn, but this appears to be a violent supposition, and one not at all com- plimentary to the eel. Some there are who insist that eels are viviparous, and bring forth their young alive ; others insist as strenuously that they are oviparous ; what is the truth ? Will some one be kind enough to tell ? Very truly yours, E. J. M. Allentown, Pa., January 18, 1875. [Our experience and observation of any of the eel species have been quite limited. We remember when a boy, in Eng- land, going "fishing for eels" with an older brother. It always seemed that on very dark still nights we caught the most. They were very tenacious of life, and, although when caught, the first thing was to cut their heads half off with a sharp knife, we would often see them alive twenty-four hours afterwards. While a resident of Lawrence City, in 1850-2, we used to see immense quantities (lamprey eels) taken on the south side of the dam. They were taken from the sur- face of the rock (to which they clung) by a combined hook and spear. Goodrich says, "The American Sea Lamprey (P.Americanus) sometimes reaches three feet in length. It is taken in our bays and creeks ; in April it ascends rivers and constructs conical heaps of stones, where the spawn is deposited. The fiesh is greatly relished." We cannot in- dorse the latter statement; although we have seen immense quantities taken we never knew any to be eaten. They were salted down and shipped away — they are repulsive. The above author says of common eels, " The reproduction of eels has been a matter of dispute. Aristotle believed them to spring from mud. At a later day they were sup- posed to be bred in turf. Another idea was that the hairs of the tails of stallions deposited in water would turn into eels. For a long period they were supposed to be viviparous, but they are now known to breed by means of eggs, produced from roe like most other fishes." — Ed.] PodLjf^Y DEf/vF^Tr«ErJT. A PLEA FOB, BANTAMS. It has often been a source of wonder to the writer why the diminutive breed of fowls denominated Bantams are not more generally kept. Many with whom I have con- versed upon the subject wore possessed of an erroneous sup- position that they were extremely delicate and difficult to rear, and at best of no practical value. I say erroneous, because with proper care and food they are not more diffi- cult to rear than Hamburgs and Dorkings, and many of them are prolific layers of eggs quite equal in size to those of the Spangled or Penciled Hamburgs. When we consider the exceedingly small amount of food which they consume, they are by no means unprofitable poultry ; and, as Wright truthfully says of them, " All have one conspicuous merit at least, they can be kept in small places and in neighbor- hoods where no large variety of fowls could be kept at all. They are content with small space as well as small meals, and even their little crow does not annoy neighbors, who would quickly repeat the tea-pot storm of the celebrated ' great Peacock ' case, did the amateur keep a sonorous rooster of the orthodox persuasion. Neai'ly all of them, even the Game, are naturally tame and familiar in disposi- tion, and for all such reasons and more these little minikin fowls afford an amount of happiness it is ditficult to estimate, and place the highest pleasures of poultry-keeping within the reach of hundreds who otherwis<5 must go without them altogether." In our boyhood days we kept the common speckled variety, and never shall we forget the day when we became the sole proprietor of a pair of White-booted Bantams ; the wealth of a Girard or a Eothschild could not have added to our happiness. In those early days of the "chicken fancy" Game Bantams were unknown, but now are becoming quite numerous, so that no exhibition is considered complete with- out its class of the different varieties, and the aisles in front of their pens are invariably thronged with admiring spectators, or rather Bantam fanciers. With the ladies and children they are especiul favorites, who at first sight declare thera to be so pretty, interesting and lovable, who could help FANCIER S' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 116 liking them. Wo pity the hard-heflrtod man who cannot ndmiro a Bantam. Judging from the really e.xcollont display of the various broods of Bantams at the recent exhibition of tho Pennsyl- vania Poultry Society, in Pbiladolphia, the interest in these "diminutive fowls" has received a now impetus, and why not? Decidedly Bantams have their place in the world. Having had .soma little experience in breeding Bantams, if my presumption may be excused, I shall endeavor, in a series of articles, to give such hints, etc., in regard to the selection, mating, feeding, and general care and manage- ment of tho various breeds of Bantams, as may enable some of the (younger portion at least) readers of the Journal to enjoy the pleasure which may be derived from these most beautiful of pels. W. E. Flowku. SlIOEMAKHRTOWN, Pa., Jan. lOlU, l.sTri. EGG-EATING. In keeping poultry, for profit or pleasure, there are many obstacles to encounter, but the most aggravating one I ever mot with was of fowls eating their eggs. After trying many of the various methods I had read of, without finding a sure remedy, I found the following one to work admirably : On going into the poultry house one morning, I was very much provoked at the method the fowls were taking to repay me for the kind treatment I was bestowing on Ihem. I had a good mind to pick out the rascals and cut off their heads, when a thought suggested, better find a preventive, there must be one. I made a box ten inches square and sixteen inches deep, this was intended for Hamburgs, larger fowls of course require a larger box. After filling the box full of fine hay, putting it in lightly, I made a hole down through it just large enough for her to get into, for here is where the remedy lies, and if there be no other nest-boxes in the house she will put up with very small accommodations, rather than la}' on the floor. After fastening tho hay to keep it in place, I put in five porcelain eggs, placed the box in an out-of-the- way place, away from the light, and waited the result. She was very much dissatisfied at first, but she made the best of it. After laying she tried every way to get in the right position to work, but there was no use in trying. The nest was so deep and small she could not find the egg she was after. After getting in and out of the box several times, she gave it up as a useless eflbrt. After a while this box can be taken away and a common nest box put in its place, not for- getting to put in as many or more porcelain eggs. 1 hope the above will be a benefit to some of the many readers of your valuable paper. T. Ferguson. Dayton, Me., I'ebruary lUh, 1S75. (For Fanciers' JnurnBl.) POINTS OF EXCELLENCE FOR PLYMOUTH EOCKS. I MUST take exceptions to Dr. Dickie in his standard for this fine variety of fowl, lie says, "Size is here intention- ally rated high, as this is of more iraportj\nce than coloring of plumage." I think this an error. \Vo haVe plenty of tho larger size birds in the family of Asiatics, what wo want now is a variety to como in between these and the smaller breeds ; ono that is easily raised, coming to nmturity quickly, of medium size, and a fowl fit to kill oarly in the season, before the larger breeds are in condition. In the Plymouth Rocks, as now bred, we have it. I do not go in for small birds of this breed, far from it, but when wo can breed them, as we now do, to weigh from nine to eleven pounds, at eight to ten months old, I do not think wo ought to sacrifice tho beautiful coloring and mark- ings for the sake of gftting them up to the Cochin in weight. I often think too much stress is given to size in most all varieties of fowls. Almost the first question asked in speak- ing of a fowl is, how much does he weigh '.' the fine points of tho comb and head, the beautiful penciling of the feathers, the fine proportions of the body, and stately carriage of the bird, seem to be of secondary importance. In how many exhibitions havo I seen a great, over-grown, clumsy fowl awarded a premium over one a pound or two lighter, but of beautiful markings and symmetry. Size is well, and should not be lost sight of, but do not let it run away with every- thing else. I say in the Plymouth Rocks, color of plumage should rank higher than size. For one, if I have got to throw away the beautiful markings and color of this variety, for size, I say throw away the bird altogether, and go in for the Cochins and Brahmas. Do not let it be inferred that I am in favor of small Plymouth Rocks, this is not so by any means, but do not let size overrule the beautiful plumage of this truly excellent fowl. If we can keep them up where they now are in weight, and devote our energies to tho improvement of other points (especially to that blemish, white in the cock's tail, which is so iiften soon), I think we shall have attained a far greater stride on the road to perfection, than in breeding such mammoth birds. John A. Lord. KENNEimNK, Me. GOOD LAYING OF BROWN LEGHORNS. Mr. .Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : Inclosed is my dues for the Fanciers' Journal. Though I have boon obliged to move to town on account of business, I still am much interested in poultry. I sold all my stock in one lot last summer for $000; but when I got located in town I made room for some Brown Leghorns, and from twelve hens I ^'ot ono hundred and forty-five eggs for the month of January, and from fifteen hens this month I have, the first fifteen days, one hundred and forty eggs ; all of which look about right for such cold weather as we have had this winter. Wishing your journal much success, Yours, truly, John D. Oakford. Baltimore, Feb. 15, IST.^. THE GAME COCK vs. SPURIOUS GAMES. Tub late poultry exhibition in this city so plainly ex- hibited (in the award of prizes for best Game fowls) a lack of knowledge, that it seems only proper by just criticism to endeavor to have the rulos so amended that known dung- hills shall not be awarded "first premium," whilst fowls proven to bo dead game do not receive even honorable mention. No one could for a moment impugn either the ability or integrity of the judges appointed at the late exhibition; but they were so hampered by the absurd instructions in the rules as to the peculiar feather, that they were oom- pelled to pass unnoticed a noble Black Red cock, known to be true game, and give the first premium for Game fowls to a cock that would run away at the first punishment received from the steel gaff. And why, the curious reader asks. The subtle answer is, that the first-named fowl was imper- fect in feather. 116 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AJSTD POULTEY EXCHANGE. The value of a Game cock is based upon his fighting qualities ; he must be true game {in suffering death before acknowledging defeat) ; he must be strong, healthy, and a rapid fighter. Now it is a well-known fact that Games are not desirable as barn-yard fowls ; they ai'e only medium layers, are less hardy than other breeds, and are only profitably bred when the strain is an acknowledged winning one in the pit. To gain this result it is absolutely essential to cross one strain with another equally meritorious for fighting qualities, and in doing so you will always see the experienced cocker select a color diiferent from his own. A few years since the White Haekle Games were celebrated as true game and rapid fighters. They were in possession of the Rusk Brothers, who won for two seasons all the mains they fought. They were handsome Black Beds; but the hackle when trimmed for the fight was snow-white. Such care was taken with these fowls that they were bred in and in for several years, and their progeny eventually became puny, sickly, and deformed. An experienced cooker secured one of the old hens, and crossed her with an imported cock: the result is the celebrated Heathwood Games, which are now held in high esteem by every better at a cock-fight; and in one brood you will see Black Eed, Pyles, and Brass Backs. One of England's most celebrated cock-fighters sent me a trio of Game fowls. I bred them, and never lost a main with them. One of the hens was pure black when I re- ceived her ; after moulting, she was a handsome spangle, and the third year she was nearly white. Now, Mr. Editor, will you not use your influence to have these arbitrary instructions to the judges at poultry exhi- bitions abrogated. If it is necessary to cater to the fancy of the gentlemen who breed to feather, give them a special premium for "Spurious Games;" but do not degrade the true Game cock by exalting over him a rank runaway. Black Hackle. [Our correspondent must remember that the days of cock- fighting are supposed to be passed, and that the Game fan- ciers connected with our present association breed their birds/or exhibition purposes only, according to the Standard of Excellence, as laid down by the A. P. A. If the modern Game was a "runaway," as stated, it might be well to change their name to exhibition Games, but the admirers of the modern bird will not admit this. The controversy would prove more satisfactory if the parties thereto would write over their proper signature. By referring to page 293, Vol. I, Fanciers' Journal, a true history of the origin of the "Heathwood Games" will be found. — Ed.] LEHIGH VALLEY POULTRY EXHIBITION. The following is the list of awards at the annual exhibi- tion of the above Society, held at Allentown, January 5th to 8th, 1875: Asiatics. — Light Brahmas — 1st, Thomas L. McKeen ; 2d, E. J. More, Allentown ; 3d, D. T. Bittenbender, Alburtis ;' 4th, J. W. Miller, Pittston ; 5th, Joshua Morton, Allen- town. Chicks, 1st, Wm. H. Masters, Allentown ; 2d, Thos. L. McKeen ; 3d and 4th, Walter C. Miller, Allentown ; 5th, John H. Heckman. Dark Brahmas — 1st, Thomas L. McKeen ; 3d, David R. Jamison, Quakertown ; 4th, Eben P. Day, Hazleton ; 5th, H. M. Leh, Allentown. Chicks, 1st, Thomas L. McKeen ; 2d, Jno. H. Heckman ; 3d, B. K. Sweitzer, Allentown ; 4th, Paul Balliet, Ballietsville ; 5th', S. W. Burcaw, Allentown. Partridge Cochins— 1st, Thos. L. McKeen; 2d, T. S. Cooper, Coopersburg ; 3d, Thomas L. McKeen; 4th and 5th, T. S. Cooper. Chicks, 1st, T. L. McKeen; 2d, E. J. More; .3d, E. T. Ochs, Quakertown; 4th, Thomas L. McKeen ; 5th, Tilgh. Beary, Weaversville. Bufl' Cochins — 1st, Trexler & Koons, Allentown; 2d and 3d, Thomas L. McKeen. Chicks, 1st, B. E. Lewis, Gwyn- edd; 2d, Eben P. Day; 3d and 4th, Thomas L. McKeen. White Cochins — 1st, John J. Berry, Hackensack, N. J. ; 3d, B. P. Lewis. Chicks, 1st, Thomas L. KcKeen ; 2d, B. K. Sweitzer. Black Cochins— Chicks, 1st, J. P. Shaffer, Millerstown ; 3d, Trexler & Koons. Dorkings. — Silver Gray — 1st, B. P. Lewis. Hamburgs. — Golden-Penciled — 1st, T. James Euhe, Allen- town. Silver-Penciled — 2d, W. T. Rogers, Doylestown. Silver-Spangled— 2d, J. i'. Shaffer ; 3d, >veuben H. Kem- nierer, Allentown. Chicks, 2d, Joel Brunner, Hosensuck. Black Hamburgs — Chicks, 1st, A. M. Dickie, Doj-lestown. Spanish— 3d, W. H. Nichols, Allentown; 4th, J. E. Bal- liet, Allentown. Chicks, 2d, W. T. Rogers. White Leg- horns—2d, Henry G. Rice, Allentown. Chicks, 1st, T. P. Harvey, Doylestown ; 2d and 3d, Thomas L. McKeen ; 4th, A. M. Dickie. Brown Leghorns — Chicks, 1st, Eben P. Day ; 2d and 3d, W. C. Shankweiler, Allentown ; 4th, T. H. Walton, Doylestown. Black Leghorns — Chicks, Eben P. Day. Silver Penciled — Chicks, 1st, W. T. Rogers, Doylestown. i^rerec/i.— Houdans— 1st, B. E. Lewis; 2d, H. A. Neitz, Millersburg; 3d, Joel Brunner; Polish — Golden Spangled — 2d, Eben P. Day. Chicks, 1st, Jno. H. Heckman, Allen- town ; 2d, J. E. Shaffer; 3d, Jno. H. Heckman. Silver Spangled — 3d, H. M. Leh, Allentown. Chicks, 2d and 3d, H. W. Pluck, Allentown; 4th, Eben P. Day. Plymouth Rocks— 1st, A. M. Dickie; 3d," C. C. Corbett, New London, Conn. Chicks, 2d, H. S. Shinier, Allentown. Sicilians — 3d and 4th, John Eschenback, Allentown. Silkies, Japan — 1st, W. T. Rogers. Dominiques — 3d, Tilghnian S. Deck, Allentown. Games. — Black-breasted Red — Chicks, 1st, J. L. Bowman, Mahanoy City; 2d, Eben P. Day. Red Pile— Chicks, 1st, Eben P. Day. Malay— Chicks, 1st, Eben P. Day ; 2d, J. L. Bowman. Game Bantams. — Silver Duckwing — Fowls, 2d, Trexler & Koons. White— Fowls, 2d, B. P. Lewis. Black— Fowls, 2d, B. P. Lewis. Brown Red— Fowls, 2d, B. P. Lewis. Bantams. — Golden Sebright — Fowls, 1st, John F. Houser, Tamaqua ; 2d, B. F. Lewis. Chicks, 1st, John P. Houser. Black African— Fowls, 2d, B. F. Lewis. Turkeys— Bronze— 1st, B. F. Lewis; 2d, T. B. Weidner, Seidersv'ille. White Holland, 1st, B. F. Lewis. Geese. — Bremen — 1st, Trexler & Koons ; 2d, B. F. Lewis. Hong Kong — 1st, B. F. Lewis. Ducks. — Rouen — 1st, B. F. Lewis; 2d, Hiram J. Schantz, Cedar Creek ; 3d, Joel Brunner. Aylesbury — 1st, B. P. Lewis. Cayuga — 1st, B. P. Lewis. Pigeons. — Red Turbits — 2d, Clinton S. Mink, Allentown. Solid Yellow— 3d, J. W. Sweisfort, Danville. Red Wing— 1st, J. W. Sweisfort ; 2d, B. F. Lewis. Yellow Wing— 3d, Jno. F. Houser. White — 1st, B. F. Lewis. Black Wing —1st, B. F. Lewis. Nuns.— Black— 2d, B. F. Lewis. Tumblers — Almond — 2d, Thomas L. McKeen ; 3d, Jno. F. Houser. Yellow— 1st, B. F. Lewis; 3d, Jno. P. Houser. Splashed— 1st, Trexler & Koons ; 2d, Jno. F. Houser ; Splash- ed— 1st, Trexler & Koons, Jno. P. Houser; 2d, B. F. Lewis; 3d, Clinton S. Mink. Red— 1st, Clinton S. Mink. White In- side— 2d, Jno. F. Houser. Black Short-faced — 1st and 2d, John P. Houser. Bald-head — 1st, B. P. Lewis. Carriers.— Silver Dun— 2d, Eben P. Day; 3d, C. B. Bast, Kutztown. Black and Dun — 2d and 3d, Thomas L. McKeen. Dun— 3d, Thoiuas L. McKeen. Red— 3d, J. W. Sweisfort. Black— Ist, B. F. Lewis ; 2d, J no. F. Houser ; 3d, Trexler & Koons. Antwerp— 2d, C. B. Bast. White— 2d, Jno. F. Houser. Magpies.— Black— 1st, B. P. Lewis; 2d and 3d, Thos. L. McKeen. Red— 1st, Eben P. Dav. Owls.— Blue— 1st, Thomas L. McKeen ; 1st, J. W. Sweis- fort; 2d, Eben P. Day. Black— 1st, J. W. Sweisfort. Barbs.— Yellow— 2d, Trexler & Koons. Red— 3d, Jno. P. Houser. Antwcrps.— Blue— 1st, T. L. McKeen ; 2d, B. F. Lewis. Pouters.— White— 3d, J. W. Sweisfort. Yellow— 2d, C. FAJNCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 117 li. Bast. Blue Piod— 1st, Jno. F. Hoiisor ; 2d, Troxlor & Koons; 3d, Clinton S. Mink. Isiibello — 2d, B. V. Lowis. Fantuils.— Wliito Cro.stod Onlciitta— 2d and 8d, Jno. F. Hoiisor. Yellow— iHt and ild, Ti'uxlor & Koons; 2d, B. F. Lewis. Bed— 2d, B. F. Lowis. White— 2d, Jno. F. Ilousor. Fantails— l«taiia2d, 0. B. Bast. Archangels. — 1st and 2d, Tro.vlor & Koons. .Swallows. — Blaek— 2d, Clinton S. Mink; :!d, C. B. Bast. Dm^luiss Mottled— 2d, B. F. Lewis. Snolls.— Yellow— 1st, Truxlor & Koons. Tnimpctei's. — Chequered — 1st, Trexlor & Koons. I'lack —1st, B. F. Lewis. Helmets. — Brown — 1st, Jno. F. Housor. Highflyers.— Dun— 2d, C. B. Bast. Ring Doves- 1st, B. F. Lewis. AVild Pigeons. — J. W. Swoisfort. (^„„,V,s'.— 1st, Eben P. Day. Jijnrc/inm Blackbirds. — 1st, Kben P. Day. Kiinijican Thrush. — 1st, Eben P. Day. EvyiLsh Canary Birds.— lai on cock and hen, E. P. Day. Firre.l.s.^\»i, J. L. Bowman. auiiica Pu/s.—lii, B. F. Lewis; 2d, Jno. F. Housor; 3d, C. C. lOnglcman, Allentown. JiabhU.1. — Angora — 1st on buck and 2d on doe, Eben P. Day ; 2d ou buck and 2d on doe, Jno. F. Housor ; 1st on buck and 3d on doe, B. F. Lewis. English — 1st on buck and 1st on doe, Eben P. Day; 2d on buck, B. P. Lewis. Mongolia — 1st, J. Henry Lawfer, Allentown. Dutch — 1st on buck and 1st on doe, Eben P. Day ; 2d on doe, B. F. Lewis. Egyptian — 1st on pair. Ebon P. Day; 1st on buck and 1st on doe, B. P. Lewis. Himalayan — 1st on buck, Jno. F. Houser ; 2d on buck, E. P. Day ; .'^d on buck and 2d on doe, B. F. Lewis. Silver Gray — 2d on buck, Eben P. Day. Madagascar— 1st on self buck, 1st on self doe, and 1st on broken doe, J. F. Ilouser ; 1st on self buck and 2d on self doo, B. F. Lewis ; 2d on broken buck, E. P. Day. SPECIAL PREMIUMS. Thomas L. MoKeen, Specials — No. 1, for best display of Poultry; No. 7, Dark Brahma chicks ; No. 10, Dark Brah- ma cockerel ; No. 12, Dark Brahma fowls ; No. 23, Part- ridge Cochin fowls; No. 20, Light Brahma fowls; No. 34, Partridge Cochin fowls; No. 35, White Cochin chicks. Trexler & Koons, Specials — No. 2, second best display poultry ; No. 4, second best display pigeons ; No. 19, Duck- wing Game Bantams ; No. 22, heaviest Partridge Cochin cock ; No. 22, best display of poultry raised in Allentown. Jno. F. Houser, Specials — No. 3, best display of pigeons. Walter C. Miller, Specials — Nos. 5 and 27, Light Brahma chicks. B. F. Lewis, Specials — No. 8, heavies turkey; No. 11, Carrier pigeons; No. 14, Pantail pigeons; No. 16, Guinea Pigs; No. 17, Kouen ducks; No. 20, Lop-eared Rabbits; No. 21, Bremeii Geese. W. T. Rogers — No. 9, Silver Penciled Hamburg cock ; E. P. Day, Specials — No. 15, Bufl' Cochin chicks; No. 18, Black Breasted Rod Gamo. Joel Brunner — No. 31, Houdan fowls. W. C. Shankwoiler — No. 32, Brown Leghorn chicks. PiqEOfl DE[=y»^[^jiviEfJ-i-. the best of pigeon fanciers. It was about eighteen years ago that this gentleman received llic (Irst importation of these birds, and shortly afterwards another lot, which he re- ceived whilst residing in Manchester; and being an ardent admirer of thorn, and knowing full well their habits and THE SATINETTE PIGEON. The first Satinettos imported into England were intro- duced by H. P. Caridia, Esq., a thorough and enthusiastic admirer of pigeons generally, and whose knowledge of minor things connected with pigoonology would rank him amongst requirements, he kept them to himself for some years, an odd one or two only getting about now and then to the " aston- ishment of the natives " who beheld them. After some con- siderable time, he disposed of a few pairs of them, about four- teen years ago, and then it was that the Satinette first came under public notice and into public competition, invariably winning first honors wherever they were exhibited, for birds of so high and beautiful a character could not well be un- noticed by any judges who regard beauty as one of the recommendations of merit. The general formation of these birds is of the English Owl and the Turbit type, as will be seen by the illustration. The majority, however, are a little longer in neck and leg, and they are about the same size, perhaps, if anything, a little larger, as smallness has not been regarded as a desira- ble point, but rather as indicative of a feeble frame or more delicate constitution ; and in this particular our Eastern fanciers have also shown their wisdom, for there is an obvi- ous danger of fixing the standard upon diminutive speci- mens so long as we can obtain the desired features together witli stamina, and a more vigorous constitution, which cer- tainly the smaller birds, as a rule are not so likely to possess. The head is round from back to front and from side to side; the neck of good length, well arched, and of a graceful curve; the eye large and prominent; the beak very short, and a little turned downwards, and within the same curve of head ; the nostrils (in cock birds) pretty well expanded, but should not present n coarse wrinkled appear- ance. The tliin skin or "dewlap" hanging from beak to nook should be conspicuous; the frill or rutflc full and ex- pansive, extending from near the dewlap down to the breast, turning evenly outwards with regularity on either side, and radiating upon breast into a circle of inverted feathers; the breast full and prominent; the shoulders wide ; the body round and plump; carriage upright, with a conceited strut; and a temperament rather wild and nervous ; such are the points more particularly applicable to " form." The he.ids, I should have said, are either plain or crested ; both kinds are quite admissible, the plain-beaded variety being the first 118 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. choice and the first to be made perfect ; the crested variety was afterwards thought desirable, and worked for, and in time obtained. Shell-crowns are rarely to be found, but whenever crested, such ornamental head-feathering is inva- riably a proper peak or point crest ; there are indeed very few crested birds of this species with misshapen or lop-sided " chignons," but as a rule, if tufted at all, it is a point crest of excellent formation, large, high, well-pointed, smooth, and perfectly central, tight in feather, and not, as is too often the case with our Turbits, of a loosely-feathered, rag- ged neck called "mane." No such arrangement is sought for in this variety ; but the feathers should be tight and close-fitting, turning distinctly in opposite directions in two clear lines from crest to neck ; the less loose feathering or "mane," the better with the crested kinds, as it makes the neck appear thick, clumsy, and disordered. In the plain- headed kind, of course, the feathers must be perfectly smooth. — Fanciers' Oazette. COLOMBOPHILIC CONFEDERATION OF THE CITY OF ANTWERP. TRANSLATED BY MR. JOHN VAN OPSTAL, NEW YORK. The direction of this Association had a general meeting the 3d of December to close the accounts for the year 1874. The result of the accounts presented by the outgoing direc- tion shows that the prospects are very favorable. The number of its members, which was in the former year 170, has increased to 239. The number of pigeons sent to the exer- cises and concourses amounts to the enormous quantit}' of 72,685, or 25,000 more than in 1873. All these birds have been accompanied by two diiferent messengers. The direction also states that they have paid this year (1874) for transportation of these birds about 10,000 francs, (nearly $2,000), not including the costs of the messengers. The finances are also in a very prosperous condition, the amount left in the treasury is 1214 francs, 83 centimes. The report closes with the wishes that the Colombophilio Con- federation may go on in its prosperous march, in which it has so well succeeded these last few years. LONG PIGEON FLIGHT IN NOVEMBER. Mr. Thos. G. Ledger informs us that Mr. Earnshaw's blue cock, Surrey, flew from Cheltenham to Folkestone, on the 15th of November, 156 miles, against a strong easterly wind. He was started at the railway station at 10.30 a.m., precisely, and was produced at 3.40 p.m., looking fresh, and not distressed after his performance. He was previously trained by being tossed at London twice, Windsor twice, and at Oxford on Tuesday, the 11th inst., and left again on Wednesday for Shipton ; but by a delay in the railway arrangements did not reach Shipton in time to do a trial ily from there, and was then sent on to Cheltenham for the fly, for which he was backed by Mr. Punnett to accomplish against a bird belonging to Mr. W. Medhurst, which was lost in training. — Journal of Horticulture. ■ J8®°"What do you sell those fowls for?" inquired a person of a man attempting to dispose of some chickens of questionable appearance. " I sell them for profits," was the answer. " Thank you for the information that they are prophets," responded the querist; "I took them to be pa- triarchs." Sf=OI^JS|Vi;^fj's DEp/^F^jiviErJj. CFor Fanciers' Journal.) FAITHFUL UNTO DEATH. The dog beyond all other brute creatures has the deepest and most enduring love for man. Other animals are in a degree coerced into companionship, but the dog gives his love and service as a voluntary offering. Wherever man makes his home, there will this faithful friend be found ; whether in the piercing blood-curdling cold of the Artie, or the sweltering heats of the Torrid Zone, he elects no choice, but mutely seems to say : " Entreat me not to leave thee or to return from following after thee, for whither thou goest I will go, and where thou lodgest I will lodge, where thou diest I will die, and there will I be buried." We often meet with statements going the rounds of the press, chronicling the sorrow of some poor grief stricken dog, mourning over the grave of his dead master, and some- times, the tale of woe is so highly wrought that we are im- pelled to believe that the writer " has called upon his imag- ination for his facts ;" but the following, fully verified as it is, deserves to go on the record as a passing tribute to the memory of a dog that actually died of a broken heart. A German named Sehuler, living on Oxford Street above Fifth, in Philadelphia, the proprietor of a beer saloon, was the owner of a Dachshund dog, which he had brought over from Germany with him many years ago, and probably, the only pure-bred dog of his race in this city ; Sehuler, at one time tempted by a high price, sold " Wally," but the parting was such an crdeal to both that he shortly afterwards repurchased him. The dog was remarkable for his intelligence, and his demonstrative aflFection for his owner, but until recently " the course of true love ran smooth." About a month since, however, Sehuler was taken seriously ill with what proved to be his death sickness ; the dog at once expressed extreme solicitude, and was a constant attendant at the bedside of his sick master, his earnest gaze intently fixed on the face of his dying friend, every gasp of whose fleeting breath ap- peared as a premonition to the poor hound. As the crisis approached he became almost uncontrollable in his agony of grief, and when he realized that his master had ceased to breathe, he gave a piercing yell, and, howling incessantly, refused all comfort; in fact, seemed lost to all else but his heart-consuming grief. Under such a strain nature soon gave up the contest, and the poor old Dachshund, his glazing eye fixed on the corpse of his friend, rapidly weakened, and, in twelve hours after, he died by the bedside of the one he so truly loved. Veritas. FANCIEES' JOUHNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 119 (Fnr Kh,KM.T»' .Inunuil.) THE ACCLIMATIZATION OF FOREIGN GAME. With tlio iiiiprovemoiitin guii." unci othorsportingappoint- inoiits, tlio attention now given to importing and breeding the best strains of dogs for tlio ]iiirsuit of giimo, and the in- crease of nowspnpi^rs devoted to Held sjiorts, tlins further developing thiit latent love of bunting and chase which secerns to be almost an instinct of the Anglo-Saxon race, in whatever part of the world its lot is cast, it becomes neces- sary for us to jjrovido in some way for its future grntilication, by calling attention to our fields and forests rapidly being depleted of their game, only partially protected by inade- quate game laws, and to suggest that some united and intel- ligent efl'ort be made to restore the equilibrium. Those remarks of course apply more particularly to the eastern and middle states where the population is dense, and where the destruction goes on at a greater ratio than the increase. The object in writing this article is to suggest to tbc nu- merous readers of tbis paper, many of whom are gentlemen of leisure and fond of field sports, and, living in the country, have the proper facilities to attempt something in the way of acclimating foreign game. We all know how easily the English Sparrow was domi- ciled with us, and there is no doubt but that any of the Brit- ish resident game could be naturalized as readily. How much then would be added to the interest of our field sports. Experiments could be made on a small scale at first, by gnntlemen so inclined and whose surroundings suited, and if successful, the sportsmen's clubs would then extensively work out the problem, and see that the necessary laws are passed for protecting the strangers. The game birds most proper to introduce would be the Grouse or moor game, the 'English Partridge, the English Pheasant (which by the way was originally brought into England from Asia), and the Red-Legged French Partridge ; this latter is a shifty fellow, and could readily take care of himself from the start. The only furred game advisable to acclimate, would be the Hare and Kabbit ; of the latter, we have no native rep- resentative. It would probably bo best at first, wliercver practicable, to breed the new comers in aviaries and hutches, turning out the increase to colonize whenever wanted. Each breeder would of course consult his taste and fancy in selecting the game for stocking. Those whose taste run on shooting over Pointers, Setters and Spaniels, will give their attention to feather, whilst those to whom the blended cry of a well- selected pack of beagles is melody itself, will gravitate to- ward Hare and Kabbit; and possibly if tbis project resolves itself into shape, we may see the aristocratic Greyhound in- troduced into this country, and coursing the Hare, that truly regal sport, take its place permanently among our rural pastimes. Leveret. A VEKY OBEDIENT DOG. La.st Tuesday night, says the New Orleans Republican, a stranger, just for amusement, gave several bystanders specimens of his dog's acquirements, at the corner of Perdido and St. Charles streets. The master quietly, without gesture of any kind, told his dog to walk across the street, find a little wagon and get into it. Doggy obeyed, though reluc- tantly, as the wagon was a cart, but finally complied. He was then told to hunt up a flrc-plug and mount it. His keen eyes scarclrcd a moment, and on the instant poor Tray pleased his owner. He was then commanded to hunt up a lamp-post, and put his fore-feet on it. This done, bo was told to go into the Pelican saloon, find a chair, and sit in it; and then to lie down and act like a poisoned dog. These orders were given in the most common-place tone of voice, and most of the time the beast could not see bis master, yet he obeyed quite as readily as a willing servant, apparently understanding the English language very well. Of all the dogs that ever showed off on Charles street, that one is en- titled to the premium. Those who witnessed the perform- ances were not only amused, but greatly astonished ; in fact, one individual, having witnessed a portion of the antics, declared that he could not, and would not, sufTer himself to view acts that looked so altogether unnatural. RABBIT HUNTING WITH FERRETS. In a communication under this title, your correspondent, H. M. T., closed his article with : " It was glorious fun, and I only wish we bad some of it in this country." Now my only object in "writing is, to let him know that we have ; and if H. M. T. will imll my latch string, any time after a good snow, I will take him out and show him how we do it here. I have kept ferrets for several years, and as he says, it is fun to bounce them out, though I must say 1 never used a net, not if there were a dozen holes she might come out. " Molly Cotton " can do some very long and quick jump- ing when bowsed out with a ferret, and if she runs the gauntlet of both barrels, bless her, she can go free, then I inwardly say, " She will do for a breeder next year," and go the other way. I have often, while going home with a string of rabbits over my shoulder, and a ferret in my pocket, been stopped by some man from the Old Country who would tell me how they did it there, and wind up by asking, " Did you ever see a ferret? " I notice in English papers, adver- tisements of ferret muzzles, and I wish H. M. T. would tell us about them. I use three ditterent muzzles, one made of leather, cut round, with a hollow centre, like a washer, a string is tied round his neck, the washer put over his nose and fastened with two strings to his collar. Another is made like the letter T, with top part large enough to go around his nose, and tie with a string in each end, two strings, one in each corner of the lower part (which goes around bis throat), tie around his neck. These muzzles make old boot-legs at a premium here. The third is made of a wared-end (when the boot-legs give out), with a loop in place of the washer first described, and the ends led back and tied as before. It is a hard matter sometimes to keep them on, and if there is a better way I want it. I have seen them with their lips pierced to tie up, but do not like the idea ; looks cruel. I have one little ferret that I do not muzzle, and she often comes out of the hole hanging on to the rabbit's hind leg when I choke her off, let the rabbit go, and get a shot ; but my big ones are too heavy for a rabbit to drag, and require muzzles. — Fred. Mather, in FieUl aitd Stream. ;Most animals loathe the odor given oflfby the skunk, and if one be killed and placed in a field occupied by cattle, the grass for an area of many rods around the object of their aversion will grow high and rank, while elsewhere it will be eaten close to the ground. 120 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. 4^ Jf ANCIERS' JfoUaNAL AND IpOULTEY Of^XCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pkof. a. N. Ratjb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Nortli Niatli Street, PhiladelpMa. SUBSCRIPTION PKICE-POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 1° Per Annum, " U. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. OBITTJARY. It is with, regret that we have to announce the death of two well-known fanciers of this city. The first, John Scho- field, who has been a Hamburg fancier for at teast sixty years, and an exhibitor at almost every show held by our State society. Many of our readers will remember the rosy, honest face of the "old man Schofield," which will be seen no more about the Hamburg class, as of old. On the 17th, the death of D. W. Herstine was announced, after a long and painful sickness. During 1867-68, Mr. Herstine was a large importer of Asiatics, and we believe he imported the first trio of Dark Brahmas ever brought to this country, which were selected by Joseph Hindson, of Liverpool, and shipped through the house of Richardson, Spence & Co., and landed at the agricultural warehouse of Wade & Armstrong. It was some time before we made out what the gray fowls were. His excessive enthusiasm built up, and, combined with his reverses in fortune, subsequently re- duced our State society from its former high position ; had he been a wealthy man, it is our opinion that our society would still lead the van as it did in 1868-69. "SPECIALTIES" AGAIN. Our correspondent, J. G. McKeen, says, " Your editorial on specialties is all right in some respects ; but could you select one breed alone and be satisfied with it ? I cannot. I keep seven (7) varieties, and have no trouble in keeping them pure. I have two hundred (200) acres, and so scatter them over." By a more careful perusal he will observe that our remarks were intended to apply principally to those " whose means and space are limited," and whose time, we should have added, would be necessarily, as is often the case, devoted chiefly to other business. But- certainly, friend McEeen, " or any other man," can, if he has the time, space and means, add as many kinds as his capacity will allow, and, as he says, they need not necessarily mix ; with proper care and precautions they can be kept pure ; but, at the same time, we are so constituted that were we to order from a stranger the kind of stock we would select, we cer- tainly should patronize the party who advertises that variety as a .specialty, having no other. As to our self, we could keep one sort only, with far greater satisfaction than many, for which we should require at least four large yards and apartments beside the hatching rooms, and if we raised one hundred yearly our whole time would not be too much to devote to them, with a view of improving and establishing a flock worthy to be called a " strain " — a sadly demoralized term, as frequently misapplied. SYSTEM IN rOWL RAISING. To succeed in raising fowls, one must have a definite ohject in view and then pursue it with deliberate system and good judgment. Followed thus, no matter what be the special object sought, one is sure to attain success, and generally success means profit. Two objects in the breeding of fowls are prominent and both are to be commended as productive of good results, though differing widely in their bearings. One is that followed only by the strict fancier, and the other, the more common one, sought by the farmer or amateur, who keep fowls only for their eggs and to furnish chickens for the table. The fancier purely has little in common with the amateur, and pursues his hobby to preserve and produce purity Of breed and standard markings in his fowls, rather than special improvement in egg-producing, or to improve the table quality, looking to an increase of speculative rather than real value. And although at the first glance the farmer's opinion is naturally enough the practical one, viz., that the value of a fowl is solely dependent upon the number of eggs it will produce in a given lime, and its worth as an article of food, still he will admit upon refieotion, that the fancier accom- plishes much good in striving to maintain not only purity of breed, but also, by careful selection and judicious mating, the highest excellence of the variety he cultivates ; and, although, perhaps not a primary result, he thus develops and enhances those very practical qualities sought by the amateur. To accomplish his purpose of thus keeping up to the highest ideal the diff'erent brefeds, the fanciers have agreed upon, and in convention adopted, a standard of excellence, in which a bird perfect in all respects (as far as the eye can judge) figures one hundred points ; and the prizes offered at exhibitions are awarded to those fowls figuring the most points, very rarely, however, attaining perfection. The competition thus encouraged among the fanciers of the country, puts a speculative value upon their fowls, necessary from the great cost of procuring pure stock, often from across the sea at $100 or more per trio, and from experi- menting with varieties that cost high and prove worthless, as well as the extreme care and attention to details neces- sary to produce such results as are made imperative by their standard. To the fanciers system and judgment, combined with ex- perience, are absolutely essential, and even possessing these he must have a good stock of patience. The object of the ama- teur is more easily accomplished, and its permanent profit made more certain ; only, however, hy a system rigidly fol- lowed and proper attention to details. A host of writers of long experience (among them Lewis Wright, par excel- lence) have given every necessary advice, so that expense is not so absolutely required as with the fancier, and the money invested in subscribing for a good poultry journal will repay the subscriber a hundred fold in real practical advice. Having selected the variety most clearly adapted to accom- plish the end in view, let them be cultivated to the utter exclusion of any double admixture of any other breed, keep- ing them pure and distinct, adding each year an early hatched vigorous cockerel from some well-known strain, and breed- ing only with him such carefully selected hens as he may choose from his flock for their superior laying qualities and large, well-developed size, and he will soon be the owner of a strain of birds that will prove both a source of pride and profit. With care proportionately equal to that bestowed on other stock, sure repayment, and to a greater extent than that yielded by any other denizen of the farm-yard, will be the certain result. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE 121 Mr. Thos. L. MoKkkn, of Eaaton, Pa., recently sold a Light Bi'alima cockorel tliat is under eight months of age, and weigh.s 12J lbs. Mr. MeKoen bought our entire stock of Light Brahmas when wo started the Jom-nal, and the above cockerel is a descendant of the said stock. We call particular attention to Mr. Colburn's advertise- ment in this No. of the Journal. In many varieties of song and ornamental birds ho can do as well as any other house in the country. Wo have visited his establishment, and believe it to bo the most complete in New England. It was, when we last saw it, a perfect museum. Wb have received of Mr. H. S. Chapman, of Old Say- brook, Connecticut, a plan of an octagonal poultry house and yard.'S, which we hope to illustrate in a future number. Wb are informed that the trio of B. B. Rod Game chicks that received the grand sweop-stako prize of $13.5 at the Buckeye Union Poultry Association, hold in City Hull, Springfield, Ohio, January 10th to the 23d, inclusive, were bred by E. T. Baily, of Mount Kiseo, New York. This is probably the largest prize ever offered for a single trio of chicks. PATENT SELF-BINDERS. In response to numerous inquiries, we beg to announce that we are now prepared to furnish our patrons with a complete Self-Biinlcr, holding from a single copy of the Journal to an entire volume ; each number can be inserted as received. They arc in full cloth, embossed and gilt side, being an ornament as well as a very groat convenience. Price, $1.00. Address Jos. M. Wade, 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. CoF^F\ESpOflDE|^CE. the central poultry association of pennsylvania. Editor Fanciers' Journal: Dear Sir : Pursuant to adjournment, December 30, 1874, a meeting of this Association was held last evening at the office of the President, Col. John Hendricks, 109 West Broad Street, for the purpose of amending the Constitution and By-Laws. A committee of five members was also appointed to report a list of premiums to bo ofJorcd at our next exhibition, revise the rules for the same, and name a suitable time to hold said show. The poultry and pet stock interests are " looking up" in this vicinity, and our members are all alive and determined to have a first-elass exhibition this year. Yours truly, W. A. Suoemaker, Tam.vijia, P.\., February IS, 187.".. Secretary. exhibition fixed. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: At a meeting of the Pennsylvania State Poultry Society, held this day, it was decided to hold the next exhibition of the Society, from December Gth to the 11th, 1875. A. P. Groves, Puii.AUKi.i-Hi.\, February IGtli, 1875. Cor. Secretary. Kl'ANOLKD LEUH0RN8. Editor Fanciers' Jodrnal. Dear Sir: In your issue of January 21, Vol. 11, No. 2, is a standard for Spangled Leghorns. I am desirous of getting some, and have corresponded with Richard Whitney, who informs mo that he has none, neither ha.s Conkling or Babcock, all of whom are mentioned in that article as breeders of them. I begin to think them n myth. If you would publish this, and it should meet the eyes of Donald Wat.son, or any oilier breeder of this variety, so that if they have any to spare, and will advertise them in your columns, they can effect a sale of one trio, at least, to your humble servant. Auburn, N. Y., February 17th, 1875. [We have had several applications for this stock lately; if any of our readers are fortunate enough to possess this variety, an advertisement will effect some sales. — Ed.] POULTRY SHOW AT MINNEAPOLIS. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir: The joint exhibition just closed here w^as a success in point of the number of entries and quality of the birds shown ; but a failure in every other respect. The worst storm of the season commenced on the first day of the show, and lasted two days, which made the receipts at the doorvory small. The management was bad, judging ditto ; no judges having bwn secured from abroad. There were over four hundred entries. Truly yours, Minneapolis, MiN.N-., Feb. 8th, 1875. C. P. CARPENTER. pedigrees. Editor Fanciers' Journal: I have not been a stickler for pedigrees for fowls much, as you knew ; but I see in your last number that three prominent breeders alluded to by you, " don't find it neces- sary to pedigree their birds to sell them." There is a mis- take in this. Mr. Comey to-day advertises his pedigree strain, the "Duke of York " blood, and has done so for years. Mr. Williams adverti.ses and sells his Light Brahmas, "Colossus" and " Ajax " stock, as such, and his Dark Brahmas, " Black Prince " and "Joan" — all fine, known, good stock. Mr. Buzzell's is claimed as descendants of these and the Philadelphia " Tees" birds, etc. Isn't this publish- ing pedigree stock to sell it ? If not, what is it done for ? Yours, &c., Anti-Pkd. Boston, Feb. 20th, 1875. [Messrs. Williams, Comey, and Buzzcll do not advertise "pedigree fowls,'' neither do we believe they own a single bird on which twenty-five cents has been paid for a pedi- gree; and. In purchasing a bird to improve their stock, when necessary, would they place anj' reliance in a printed pedigree, if offered. We are well awaro that they refer with pride to the good birds thoy have bn-d in the past, and this is sufficient when they are dealing with fanciers who read the papers. The " pedigree doiige " is only available when fowls arc to be sold to the uninitiated, who imagine that it is a protection, when, in many cases, it is quite tne reverse. Such men us Williams, Warren, Comey, Buzzell, and oth- ers, who could keep correct pedigrees of their stock, do not do it, which is sufficient evidence to us that the " pedigree dodge ' ' is not for the benefit of the fancy, but for its origi- nator. We have a good many articles sent for publication, against this system, which are too severe to appear in our columns. — Ed.] "Yes; that's h-enchanting,'' as the young English poultry fancier exclaimed, as his ears were regaled by the musical notes of one of our most industrious lay-ers ; "but it's not the ' Laij of the Last Minstrel.' " 122 FAJSrCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. S|W;^LL PeJ DEpy^F^TfflElJj AND YOTJUa folk's CORNER. M^ All communications and contributions intended for this depart- ment should be addressed to HOWARD I. lEELAND, ConcordTille, Delaware Co., Pa. Mr. Editor: Will you, or some one of the many subscribers to your valuable Journal, be kind enough to inform me how to take care of white turtle doves? I intend to get a pair, but do not know what to feed them on, or what size cage to keep them in. Do they breed in confinement, and how many young ones do they have at a time ? By answering the above you will much oblige. Tours, etc., ■ M. B. K. New Yoek, February 15, 1875. [White turtle doves, which are very scarce, require the same care that common turtle doves or pigeons require. They should be fed on corn, wheat, buckwheat, and, occa- sionally, hemp and canary seed, not forgetting a plentiful supply of fresh water for drinking and bathing purposes. Also, gravel or ground oyster shells should be kept by them at all times. They will breed in a very small cage if no better quarters are supplied, but we should recommend a cage or box three to four feet long, and eighteen inches to two feet deep and high ; in fact, any dry goods box with a wire or slat front. They lay two eggs, the same as a pigeon, and if properly supplied with food, gravel, etc., will nearly always raise two young ones. Now that the albino squirrel subject is nearly exhausted we should be pleased to hear from our valued contributor, James S. Baily, M.D., on the white dove question. As far as our observation goes, they are occasionally bred from the common variety, but when mated together do not seem to multiply very rapidly. — Ed.] A SaUIRREL'S LEAP. Ebcbntlt a little red squirrel, having been pestered con- siderably by the lads above the saw-mill of Eben Webster & Co., on Marsh Point, Orono, took refuge for life by run- ning up the large brick chimney near the mill. By clinging to the corner he kept foothold so well that he succeeded in reaching the very top. He found himself upon the iron cap 105J- feet from the ground. As more and more of the waste stuif from the mill was added to the furnace, the chimney grew hotter, and his situation became more and more disagreeable. He tried to descend upon the side of the chimney, but after getting down a few feet gave it up, turned about and went back. By this time the chimney- top had become so hot that he must leave it, so after looking about carefully for a few minutes, he evidently made up his mind that he must leap to save his life, and this he did, spreading out his legs and balancing himself, so that he struck the ground about fifty feet from the base uninjured, and immediately scampered off and secreted himself under a pile of boards a little distance away. — Farm and Fireside. (For Fanciers' Journal.) DO BIRDS REASON? Some years ago I had occasion to go into a large Tama- rack swamp, in Jefferson County, N. Y. The snow was about two feet deep, and had been on the ground for some time. As we were eating our lunch birds came around — common snow birds, I think — and I threw them some crumbs, which they very soon commenced eating. It was not long before they became so bold as to sit on my hand and eat the food given them. After having satisfied their hunger, they would take pieces of cracker, carry them to trees near, push them into crevices in the bark and then return for more. I believe these birds do not belong to a family — like bees and ants — that lay up food by instinct, and it would seem they must have reasoned, " Pood is very scarce here. I have had enough for to-day, my friends may not be here to-morrow ; I will lay up a little for time of need." H. S. C. A BIRD GHOST STORY. Birds have a great fear of death. A hen canary belong- ing to the author died while nestling, and was buried. The surviving mate was removed to another cage ; the breeding cage was thoroughly purified, cleansed, and put aside till the following spring. Never afterward, however, could any bird endure to be in that cage. The little creatures fought and struggled to get out, and, if obliged to remain, they huddled close together, and moped and were thoroughly unhappy, refusing to be comforted by any amount of sun- shine or dainty food. The experiment was tried of intro- ducing foreign birds, who were not even in the house when the canary died, or could by any possibility have heard of her through other canaries. The result was the same ; no bird could live in that cage. The cage was haunted, and the author was obliged to desist from all further attempts to force a bird to stay in it. — Proof Sheet. (For Fanciers' Journal.) TRAPS AND TRAPPING. No. 4. The Common Snare, as shown at Pig. 9, is used for trap- ping birds and small animals. For catching the rabbit it is made as follows : It consists of four parts ; a short piece of wood sharpened at one end so that it can be driven into the ground ; this is called the " stump " (a). The " spreader " (c) a long piece of pliant sapling bent and tied in the shape of an oval hoop. The "bender" (6), a shorter piece of pliant sapling sharpened at both ends ; and a small bit of wood about an inch long, and a half an inch wide, called the "catch" or "button." A notch is cut on the upper face of the handle of the spreader to receive the catch. To set the snare, select an elastic sapling and trim off the leaves and short branches ; and about three feet from the sapling drive the "stump" firmly in the ground. About the distance of the end of the "spreader " from the " stump" plant the " bender" in the ground. To the top of the sap- ling tie a long piece of strong, smooth cord, and at the other end of the cord make a slip-knot. About one-fourth the distance of the slip-knot from the end tied to the sapling- fasten the "catch." Place the bow of the " spreader " over the "stump," and the handle under the "bender." Eaise the spreader an inch from the ground and put the " catch" in the notch on the upper side of the "spreader," and arrange the noose about the "spreader." The "spreader" will be held up, and the elastic sapling will be held down. PANOIBKS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 128 To l)ait the enivre, thrust ii alondor twig through a hit of iipplo iind tie it to the spreader. Tho riibhit on endeavoring 111 (lilt tho hiiit touches tho " sprcndor " whicli fallit and re- loiises tlio "catch." Tho noose passes around llio rahhit's neck, and poor bunny is swung into tho air. For birds tho noose is innde of twisted hair, and seeds are scattered within tho " spreader " to attract tlio bird, which perches on tlie " s|)reader," and meets with tlic same fate as did poor bunny. This modification is used generally for catching rabbits, though, with a noose of slender wire, it will answer for catching ground hog, raccoon, opossum, etc. The "stands " should be driven firmly into the ground. The " bait stick " Is made the same as if for a bo.x-trap, and the " diagonal " should have both ends whittled to edges. The sapling is held down by a string fastened to the diagonal, and the least pushing on tho bait-stick releases the diagonal, and the sap- ling rebounds, lifting into the air any creature tampering with the bait. The noose should be raised from the ground either by means of forked twigs, or by stretching it tightly around little sticks stuck in the ground. To reach the bait an animal must cross the circle, and the trap, on springing, is nearly sure of catching some part of him within the noose. The noose should not be so large that a creature may get entirely within the noose, for then the noose will pass over the head. (To be continued.) tiiiii ol' till' bill, otlierwUi: IhitnboTO heavy dlacouDln will not b« mvli;. Kx<-li»iiK<'M llnilti'il to -14 words, and inunt be iicconijianled with '2S I. iii^ r./i . iirh :ii,U cvi;ry liiHcrtlon. U^t~ AdverliuL-iiientti to bo auro of ioitertion luuHt reach tbU ofllcc by tho Monday morning mall, olhcrwlao they arc liable to be left orcr. Excfj/^fJQES. <^Advkbti9emknts is this Coi.im.v, of Five LiSK.f, or Forty- EioHT Words, DESCRiiii.sii am> offerino for ezcbauKe only, WILL BB ALLOWED AT 85 CENTS FOB EACH AND EVERY l.SHERTIOB. Wllili EXCHANUE.— One trio of .Sumatra Gamm, one cockerel and three pulleta of lloiiihiiis, all good birds, for one cock and four hen» of Partridge Cochins. Mum be good and from reliable stock. T. D. ADA.M.S, Lock Box Gl, Frauklin, Venango Co., P«. WII,!. EXCIIAN«K.— 10,011(1 (iladlolus Bulbs. Variety— Bren- ilcvriisis mill AiioiiN, in lut^ to unit. Also, one pair l-crrets, value, 812, r i'liiiiy l'ii,'i'oii», .^il.ri;,'lit, or (iaiiii- linntaiiis(cxcerit H, n. R.i; must , Kiiiiil. Wliatolliis? STKI'IIKN BOALT, Norwalk, <>>nn. 'Wi> KX<'HAX<-IC.— I will exchange a first-cla-ss "Success Wash- iiiK Mui him-," iiMil lull ufiw times, warranted in good order, cost S'.!0, for n K"i"l trill iif i;irlv liaicbiil I>ark or Light Brahmas, or Partridge Cochin iiullots. UiMsiiu for exchuiigiog, no use for it. Ad« birds, and 1 1 give the s--- " ■^ .-r>T,,v TO EXCHANGE.— Three extra Golden-Laced Bantam pullets— for one pair first-class Fancv Pigeons. One pair Red Pied Pouters— for one pair flrst-class l^ancy Pigeons. One trio of Dark Brahma chicks Williams' and Colher's stock, for pair Blue, Black, or Red Fans. Address CHAS. E. MAY, North Attlcboro, Mass. WIliE EXCHANGE A fine Dark Brahma cockerel (May hatch), weighs nine pounds — for au equally good Dark Brahma pullet. Address A.. D. COLEtlROVE, Corry, Pa, ADVERTISEMENTS From reliable parties, ou any subjoot interesting to Fanciers, will he Inserted at '20 cents per line of about twelve word.s (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The followino Discounts will ue made on Promit P.vy.ments. For three months I'iJ^ per cent, discount. CHANGED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash In advance ; six to twelve mouths, quarterly in advauce, or ou preseuta- TO EXCHANGE.— One Pair Angora Rabbits, for one good Silver Gray doe. CHANDLER WEAVER, Shoemakertown. TO EXCHANGE.— Seven Rouen drakes and three Rouen ducks ipreiniiiiii stiaiui, for Light or Dark Brahmas, or BullCochiu.s — of equal good qualities. " T. A. COCHRAN. Baltimore. Md. WII.E EXCHANGE.— Creveca-urs that took first prerahini at Southern Tier Poultry Show. Hen iniporte ^^"J f\^CEI\/ED. C. J. Andrus, Canandaigua, N. Y. — Card. Breeder of fancy fowls, P. Cochins, and Plymouth Rocks. Eggs for hatching. Chas. F. Hawkins, Goshen, N. T.— Card. Black Leg- horn and P. Cochin fowls, and fancy pigeons. Frary & LiTCHFlKLD, North Lansing, Mich. — Card. Gray Dorkings, P. and Buff Cochins. Fred. P. Harris, Portland, Maine — Illustrated Circular. El 111 wood Stock Farm iind Poultry Yards. Berkshire Pigs and improved fowls. Wills & Peter, Bloomington, 111. — Price List. Im- porters and breeders of Brahmas, Cochins, Houdans, 6. S. Bantams, Turkeys, Gccso, Ducks, Guinea and Pea fowls. W. F. Bacon, Canibridgeport, Mass. — Card. White Leg- horns, Light Brahmas and Game Bantams. Geo. E. Peer & Co., Rochester, N. Y. — Circular. Im- porters and breeders of fancy pigeons. Henry E. Blaisdell, Minneapolis, Minn. — Card. L. Brahmas, W. Leghorns, and B. B. R. Games. Jos. 11. Hamill, Complon Hill, St. Louis, Mo. — Circular. Cochins, Leghorns, Game Bantams, etc. Jas. JI. Lamuino, Parker's Landing, Pa. — Card. Great Belt Poiillry Yards. Black Hamburgs a specialty. C. F. Hopkins, Blackington, Mass. — Card, illustrated. Fancy fowls. A. D. Coleorove, Corry, Pa. — Price list. Fancy and domestic fowls, including L. and D. Brahmas, and Cochins. J. BoARDMAN Smith, North Haven, CSnn. — Card, illus- trated. White Leghorns, and notices from patrons. N. GuiLBERT, Gwynodd, Pa. — Circular and price list of eggs. Pure-bred stock and fancy fowls. Lewis S. Lampkins, Lockport, N. Y. — Illustrated cir cular and price list. Fancy pigeons and poultry. 132 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. THE GOOD POINTS OF PEKIN DUCKS. BY W. CLIFT. We have in this remarkable breed of ducks, introduced last year, the results of long years of thorough breeding for economical ends. Where the population is so dense as in China, they are compelled to economize in the use of animal food, and much more attention is paid to the breeding of fish and poultry than in this country. Many live upon rafts, or in boats, and keep large flocks of ducks as a means of subsistence. The Pekin, without much doubt, belong to the Mallard family, and are the largest of all the varieties that spring from that stock. They cross readily with the Eouens and Aylesburys, making larger birds than these, but not equal to the Pekins. There is not much doubt that their grades will prove fertile, though it will take another year to test this matter. Some of the Eouen grades come out clear white, hut are readily distinguished from the pure Pekins by the shape of their bills and smaller size. Some of them are nearly solid black, and remarkable for their soft glossy plumage. It is possible that this cross may be used to advantage in increasing the size of the Black Cayugas, and their fecundity, points in which that very fine variety is lacking. Other grades come out looking very much like finely-bred Eouens, only with a slight derangement of the plumage. The cross with the Aylesburys seem more natu- ral ; the grades are readily distinguished by their lighter bills, smaller size, and different build behind. So far as the oliservation of this season goes, there is no improvement to be made upon the Pekins in size, or beauty of form and plu- mage, by the cross. Eouens and Aylesburys are increased in size. We claim for the Pekin a comely form of snowy whiteness, that makes them very desirable pets for the lawn, or for small bodies of water in cultivated grounds. They are a very hardy bird, and judging by the experience of the past two seasons, are more easily raised than either Eouens or Aylesburys. The eggs hatch in warm weather, in about twenty-five days, coming out two or three days sooner than the other varieties. They seem larger and stronger at birth, and after a week with the hen, may safely be put in flocks of about fifteen, and with a barrel or box for shelter will take care of themselves. They can be raised in any place where chickens can be, and do not need any more water than chickens, until they are two or three months old. We have had much better success, both in hatching the eggs and in raising the birds, than we ever had with the other varieties ; and this is the uniform experience with our neigh- bors, so far as we have heard. We have raised thirty three birds in a small back-yard of a village lot, removing them to larger quarters when about ten weeks old. They have had about the same care as Buff Cochins, and been no more trouble. The Pekins are very easily restrained, and seem to be perfectly at home in narrow quarters. We have a flock on a half acre, and the only fence on one side is a board a foot high. They have never offered to pass this barrier, and probably could not if they tried. They are too heavy to fly well. For many generations they have been bred for flesh and eggs, and their wings are short. The Pekins are excellent foragers. They are incessantly busy in any meadow or pond until there crops are filled. It is a beautiful sight to see them deploy in long lines, run- ning their long bills through the grass in search of snails, crickets, and other insects. With a good range, and access to tide water, they would require very little feed to keep them in good condition. They are remarkable for their thick, soft, downy feathers ; the ground is strewn with them at every shedding, and we have no doubt they could be plucked safely, and their feathers economized as well as those of geese. But, the qualities in which these birds are strong- est, are their capacity to produce flesh and eggs. They ma- ture very early, and in the vicinity of cities and places of summer resort, they can be marketed in July and August at very high prices. Fourteen to eighteen pounds a pair are not uncommon weights for them during the first year, without fattening. As egg producers, their record has been very remarkable. Two of the imported birds laid first year, the one, one hundred and twenty-five eggs, the other, one hundred and thirty-one. This year (1874) one of them be- gan to lay on the 27th of February, and has laid 201 eggs, missing but four days in the more than six months. The other duck had rested about two weeks during this time, doing very nearly as well. What is more remarkable still, one of the early hatched birds began to lay in August, and dropped seven eggs. We have never been able to get more than fifty or sixty eggs out of a Eouen or Aylesbury, with the best of care. The Pekins come about as near to being perpetual layers as any of the gallinaceous breeds of fowls that have that name. After the observation and experience of the past two summers, we think the Pekins are fairly en- titled to the front rank among our useful aquatic fowls. Villagers and farmers can breed them with more profit than any other duck. [If any of our readers have had experience with the Pekin duck we sh.. J- L- Daymcde. AND YOUNO FOLK'S CORNER. .^-All coranmnications and contributions intended for thia depart- ment should be addressed to HOWARD I. IRELAND, CoDcordville, Delaware Co., Pa. (For Fanciers' Journal.) TRAPS AND TEAPPING. No. 4. (Continued from page 123.) The Snood. This trap is used without bait and is set in the paths traversed by animals so that they will thrust their heads through, and a confined sapling springing will choke them to death. Two pieces of sapling are notched (see a a) 138 FANCI-BES' JOURNAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. and driven one on each side of a rabbit run. The noose of slender brass wire or twisted horsehair, is fastened to a cross piece (6) made to fit in the notches of the pieces of sapling. Twigs are drived on each side of the noose to hold it in posi- tion. The sapling is fastened to the cross-piece by a piece of string. The rabbit on feeling the wire touch its neck, will make a leap, and the released sapling springs up, and the noose tightening swings poor bunny into the air, and strangles him. The snood is sometimes set in musk rat runs. A long roofed enclosure, one end of which is open, is made, and bait placed near the closed end, and a noose placed at the other, so that to reach the bait an animal must thrust his head through the noose. THE STEEL TRAP. We now come to the most reliable of all traps, the steel trap. There are several modifications of the steel trap, but the one known as the Newhouse trap is considered the best. They can be procured of sizes suitable for catching all kinds of animals, from the timid house rat to the savage grizzly. The No. 1 size will answer for trapping all small animals, such as the muskrats, possum, skunk, etc ; but for such savage fellows as the otter, fox, etc., a larger size is needed, one with a double spring being the best. In buying steel traps for muskrat trapping, select those ■which have but moderately stiff'springs, as a too stiif spring will break the animals leg and he can gnaw off the injured member'with ease; besides moderately tempered springs are not so likely to snap when frosted as those of a more brittle temper. For mink and skunks the stilfer the spring the better, for they only gnaw of that portion of the leg below the jaws of the trap. For woodchucks a trap with a very stiff spring is required, and there are but few single-spring traps which will hold them. By paying extra you can get chains already attached to the traps, but as these are generally worthless, it is better to make them yourself. Make them of good, strong copper wire. Some use wire in preference to chains, and three strands of medium sized brass wire will hold any animal caught in your trap. Never fasten your traps with cord or rope, any animal can gnaw through these quite readily. Steel traps are set in the holes and paths used by animals, and bait also is sometimes used to attract them into the trap. When you use bait do not tie it on the clapper of the trap, as is often done by the inexperienced, but cover the trap with leaves, sand, or snow, and scatter the bait in little bits over it, or suspend it over the trap ; then the animal will be caught by one of the legs. If the bait is tied on the clapper the animal will be caught by the face, and this being wedge- shaped can be easily pulled out. Both the trap and chain should be carefully covered, and if bait is used, it should be suspended in such a manner that to reach it the animal must slip into the trap. For creatures living partly in the water, the trap may be set two or three inches under water. For animals that gnaw their legs off, the trap should be fastened to a bent sapling held down till the struggles of the captured animal releases it and is hoisted into the air, or to a log of wood. In the one case they cannot injure their fur or gnaw off the imprisoned leg, and in the other, they will do neither as long as they can make any progress in walking. The "sliding pole " is used for drowning animals after they are caught. It consists of a pole with notches, one end of which is fastened in the bank of stream, the other being over deep water.^ The animal in its struggles pulls a ring attached to the chain of the trap to the end of the pole over deep water ; the notches prevent it from returning, and the weight of the trap soon drowns it. ( ? ) (To be continued.) B^" Pedigrees in fowls are like some peoples piety — not intended for home use. B®" A Lower Lake Heroine — A Lower Lake corres- pondent of the Napa Reporter has the following to say about Hiram Allen's daughter, who is a remarkably good shot : " I have often thought I would like to give your readers a sketch of one of our Lake County notables, Miss Mollie Al- len, a little maiden some 12 or 13 years old, who has killed more game with her small telescope rifie than any other two hunters of my acquaintance. She has made $30 bounty on squirrel tail alone the past summer ; and if you choose to figure the thing up — the tails being only five cents each — • you will begin to have an idea of her success in that line. At a shooting match last winter she took so many prizes that her bearded opponents ruled her out of the ring. Binding for Journal of 1874 is now ready (see advertise- ment elsewhere). Fanciers wishing their Journal bound in good shape, will do well to mail them to this office. Postage, one cent for every two ounces. The name of subscriber will be stamped on the cover, free, when requested ADTERTISEMEKTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The FOLLOwruG Discounts will be made on Peompt Payments. For three months 12^ per cent, discount. " six months, 25 " " " nine months,.. 37^ " " " twelve months 50 " " CHAHTGED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Excbang^es limited to 48 words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. ^Eg- Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. .ra"ADVEKTISEMENTS IN THIS COLUMN, OP FiVE LiNES, OR FOETY- EiGHT Words, describing and offering for excbange ooly, WILL BE ALLOWED AT 25 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. WANTED.— Folding exhibition coops, in exchange for Dark Brahma cockerels. Light Brahma cockerels, pullets, or eggs for batcbing. Address N. Y. FAIRSERVICE, East Newark, N. J. TO EXCHANGE.— Good trio Buff Cochins (Bicknell stock) hatch of 1874, and one pair B. B. Red Game Bantams (Todd stock), cockerel 20 oz., pullet 15 oz„ good birds— for Wright's New Illustrated Poultry Book, bound, and in good condition. J. T. BELL, Franklin, Pa. TO EXCHANGE.— Four Black Hamburg pullets and one cockerel (Dickie and Bicknell stock), have taken two premiums— for Wright's New Illustrated Poultry Book, bound. Also, two B. B. Red Game cockerels for B. B. Red (Jame pullets or American Dominique pullets. J. T. BELL, Franklin, Pa. 'Wllil. EXCHANGE.— For want of use, a thoroughbred Setter Dog, nearly two years old, well broken on quail and woodcock — for four trios pure-bred fowls (Asiatics preferred). What offers? L. A. THOMPSON, Basking Ridge, K. J. ■Willi EXCHANGE One pair of fine English Blue Owl Pigeons, and one pair of B. B. R. Game Bantams (Todd's stock), hatch of 1874— for one pair of Yellow Duckwing Bantam pullets. Must be of fine shape and color, and not weigh over one pound each. CHAS. E. LONG, Lancaster, Pa. ' Willi EXCHANGE One pair Lop-eared Rabbits, color gray, weight sixteen pounds, earage 15i^ x 3}^ in., age nine months, sire first at Philadelphia and Doylestown last winter, dam first at Eastern Penna.— for a trio of Red Pied or Brown Red Game Bantams. No other offers wanted. W. E. FLOWER, Sboemakertown, Pa. Wllili EXCHANGE.— Two male Moorcaps (black) for one female. One Blue Swallow cock for one lemale (blue). One pair of Black or Yel- low Jacobins for Beard Tumblers— and many more exchanges. Birds must be first-class, as ours are. GEO. SHIRAS i BRO., P. O. Box 279, Pittsburg, Pa. ~WII.I. EXCHANGE One pair Lop-eared Rabbits— Buck, gray; weight, nine pounds; earage, 16^x3^; won first at Philadelphia and Doylestown last winter. Doe, black ; weight, ten pounds ; earage, 17 x 4 ; won first at Eastern Pennsylvania— for a good double-barrel gun, or a trio of Red-pied Game BantamsVor a trio of Brown-red Game Bantams. No other offers wanted. W. E. FLOWER, Sboemakertown, Pa. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, MARCH 11, 1875. No. 10. PodLji^Y De|=af\TIveNT- WESTERN NEW YORK POULTRY SOCIETY. (Continued from page 130.) Irish Gray— Cocks, 3(1, S. B. Frost, Buflalo (80). Hens, 2d, S. B. Frost (85) ; 3d, W. M. Campbell (84). Cockerels, 3d, Smith & Hoda;e (80^. Jiid^e, E. R. Spaiilding. White— Coeks,"3d, Smith & Hodge (81). Hens, 2d, S. H. Warren, Buflalo (85); 3d, Smith & Hodge (82). Cockerels, 2d, Smith & Hodge (86) ; 3d, Smith & Hodge (84). Pullets, 2d, Smith & Hodge (85) ; 3d, Smith & Hodge (84). Judge, E. K. Spaulding. Black — Cocks, 3d, Smith & Hodge (80). Hens, 1st, special, W. E. Richmond, Butfalo (93); 2d, Smith & Hodge (89). Cockerels, 3d, Smith & Hodge (81). Pullets, 1st, special. Smith & Hodge (90) ; 2d, W. E. Richmond (85) ; 3d, W. E. Richmond (80). Judge, E. R. Spaulding. Class 9. Bantams. — Golden Sebright — Cocks, 2d, E. S. Ongley (85). Hens, 2d, E. S. Ongley fSG) ; 3d, E. S. Ongley (80). Cockerels, 1st, special, E. S. Ongley (92) ; 2d, E. S. Ongley (91); 3d, W. H. Todd (80). Pullets, 1st, special, E. S. Ongley (90) ; 3d, E. S. Ongley (84). Silver Sebright — Cocks, 2d, C. W. Chamberlain, Arling- ton, Mass. Hens, 3d, S. VV. Sludley. Cockerels, 1st, special, Mrs. W. A. Worden, Auburn, N. Y. Pullets, 1st, special, Mrs. W. A. Worden ; 2d, Mrs. W. A. Worden. Black— Cocks, 1st, special, W. M. Campbell (92) ; 2d, E. S. Ongley (9U) ; 3d, W. H. Todd (90). Hens, 1st, special, C. B. Klben (9'7) ; 2d, W. M. Campbell (96) ; 3d, W. H. Todd (87). Cockerels, 1st, special, E. S. Ongley (97i) ; 2d, E. S. Ongley (96i) ; 8d, Daniel Allen (93). PuUetsj 1st, special, Daniel Allen (96) ; 2d, E. S. Ongley (89) ; 3d, C. B. Elben (85). White Standard— Cocks, 1st, special, W. M. Campbell (90). Hens, 1st, special, W. M. Campbell (91). Cockerels, 1st, special, L. D. Ely, Jr. (90). Pullets, 1st, special, L. D. Ely, Jr. (90). Judge, C. H. Edmonds, Melrose, Mass. Class 10. American. — Plvniouth Rocks — Cocks, 2d, W. M. Campbell (88). Hens, 1st, special, W. M. Campbell (90). Cockerels, 1st, special, S. S. Morlev (94) ; 2d, L. D. Ely, Jr. (91 ). Pullets, 2d, S. S. Morley (87) ; 3d, L. D. Ely, Jr. (8G). Judge, W. P. Atkinson, Erie, Pii. Dominiquos— Cocks, 2d, W. P. Atkinson (So). Hens, 2d, O. Howland (87) ; 3d, W. P. Atkinson (86). Cockerels, 1st, special, J. Y. Bicknell (91) ; 2d, E. T. M. Simmons (87) ; 3d, L. Ij. Crocker (81). Pullets, 1st, special, J. Y. Bicknell (91). Judge, Dr. A. M. Dickie, Doylestown, Pa. Class 11. Miscellaneous. — Capons— 1st, W. H. Todd. Class 12. Turkei/s. — Bronze — Cocks (old), 1st, special, George Vanderveer,'Port Jackson, N. Y. (^98) ; 2d, A. H. West (93). Hens (old), Ist, special, Geo. Vandervcer (100) ; 2d, Geo. Vandervcer (95). Cocks (young), 1st, special, Geo. Vandervcer (95); 2d, W. H. Todd (94); .3d, O. Howland (88). Hens (young), 1st, special, W. H. Todd (94) ; 2d, Geo. Vandervcer (94). Slate- 1st, Hon. Lewis F. Allen, Buffalo. White— 1st, 0. Howland, Auburn, N. Y. ; 2d, R. L. New- ton, Irving. Judge, J. Y. Bicknell, Westmoreland, N. Y. Class 13. Geese. — Bremen — Ist, George Chapman & Co. ; 2d, W. H. Todd. Toulouse— 1st, W. H. Todd. White China— 1st, W. H. Todd ; 2d, Hon. Lewis F. Allen ; 3d, 0. Howland. Brown China — Ist, William McMillen, Buffalo, 3d, Hon. Lewis F. Allen. Egyptian— 1st, B. C. Ralph, Buffalo. Canada — 1st, Fred. Mather, Honeoye Falls, N. Y. White-fronted— 1st, Fred. Mather. Snow — 1st, Fred. Mather. Judge, Gen. C. A. Johnson, Newburyport, Mass. Class 14. Z)»c/,s.— Aylesbury— Old, 1st, C. B. Elben (97) ; 2d, W. H. Todd (95) ; .3d, Daniel Allen (94). Young, 1st, W. H. Todd (93); 2d, Daniel Allen (90); .3d, George Chapman & Co. (89). Rouen— Old, Ist, Daniel Allen (98); 2d, W. H. Todd (97); 3d, J. Y. Bicknell (88). Young, 1st, W. H. Todd (98); 2d, J. Y. Bicknell (94); 3d, Daniel Allen (89). Cayuga— Old, 1st, W. H. Todd (90). Young, 1st, J. Y- Bicknell (100) ; 2d, 0. Howland (95) ; 3d, W. H. Todd (91). Pckin — Young, 1st, Nelson Woodward, Angola, N. Y. (90). Judge, Gen. C. A. Johnson. Class 17. Piffeons. — Best collection, A. Gocbel ; 2d best collection, C. A. Hofhcins. Pouters. — Best collection. Ball & Beier. Yellow Pied — 1st, Ball & Beier, Buffalo; 2d, A. Gocbel, Mitchell, Ont. Red Pied— 2d, Ball & Boier. Red— 2d, Ball & Beier. Blue —2d, Ball & Beier. Blue Pied— 1st, A. Gocbel ; 2d, Ball & Beier. White— 2d, Ball & Beier. Isabels— 2d, A. Gocbel. Barbs. — Best collection, A. Gocbel. Yellow — 1st, A. Goe- bel ; 2d, Ball & Beior. Red— 1st, A. Goebel ; 2d. H. S. Ball, Shrewsburv, Mass. Black— Ist, A. Goebel ; 2d, H. S. Ball. White— 1st, Ball & Beier; 2d, A. Goebel. Dun— 1st, A. Goebel. Fantails. — Best collection, A. Goebel. Yellow — 1st, A. Goebel. White Calcutta— 1st and 2d, H. S. Ball. Black— 1st, A. Gocbel; 2d, Ball & Beier. Blue-checked— 2d, A. Gocbel. Blue— 1st, A. Goebel ; 2d, Ball & Beier. White 1st, H. S. Ball ; 2d, A. Goebel. Tumblers.— Best collection, C. A. Hopkins, Buffalo, N. Y. Baldhead— 1st, Ball & Beier. Blue Baldhcads— 1st, C. Hof- hcins. Red— 1st, Ball & Beier; 2d, C. Hofhcins. Bhic- beard.s— 1st, 11. S. Ball ; 2d, C. Hofhcins. Almond Short- face, 1st, C. Hofhcins. Yellow— 1st, Ball & Beier; 2d, W. P. Atkinson. Black Bald-heads— 2d, C. Hofbeins. Black— 1st, C. A. Hofhcins; 2d, Ball & Beier. Kite— 1st, B. C. Ralph; 2d, A. Gocbel. Red Short-faced- 1st, A. Gocbel. Yellow BaUl-beads — 2d, R. F. Shannon. Carriers — Best collection, A. Goebel. Black — 1st, A. Goebel, 2d, W. P. Atkinson. White— 1st, IJ. S. Ball. Dun— 1st, A. Gocbel; 2d, H. S. Ball. Yellow- 1st, A. Goebel. Jacobins— Black— 1st, W. P. Atkinson. Yellow— 1st, 0. Hofheins ; 2d, A. Goebel. Red Mottled— 1st, B. F. Shan- non. Owls.— Blue— 1st, W. P. Atkinson ; 2d, R. F. Shannon. Yellow— 1st, W. P. .\tkinson. White— 1st, H. S. Ball; i 2d, R. F. Shannon. Blue English— 2d, H. S. Ball. 146 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE, Turbits. — Blue-winged — 1st, A. Goebel. Eed-winged — 1st, W. P. Atkinson. Yellow-winged — 1st, A. Goebel. White— 1st, H. S. Ball. Black— 1st, H. S. Ball. Black- tailed— 1st, H. S. Ball. Blue-tailed— 2d, H. S. Ball. Antwerps.- Blue— 1st, W. P. Atkinson ; 2d, H. S. Ball. Blue Long-faced — -Ist, E.. F. Shannon. Blue-checked Short- face — 1st, R. F. Shannon. Snells.— Black— 1st, W. P. Atkinson ; 2d, C. Hofheins. Black-capped — -Ist, 0. Hofheins. Yellow — 1st, C. Hofheins. Archangels— 1st, 0. Hofheins; 2d, W. P. Atkinson. Yel- low-capped— 1st, C. Hofheins. Swallows.— Black— 2d, C. Hofheins. Blue— 1st, C. Hof- heins. Yellow — 2d, A. Goebel. White Prill-backs.— 1st, A. Goebel. Ice. — 1st, A. L. Lothridge. Pearl. — 2d, A. L. Lothridge. Nuns.— Yellow— 1st, A. Goebel. Black— 1st, H. S. Ball. Magpies.— Black— 1st, C. Hofheins ; 2d, H. S, Ball. Blue —1st, H. S. Ball; 2d, C. Hofheins. Blue-capped— 1st, C. Hofheins. Priests.— yellow—2d, 0. Hofheins. Bed- 2d, C. Hof- heins. Blue — 2d, C. Hofheins. Black — 2d, C. Hofheins. Blue Moor Caps.— 2d, C. Hofheins. Mahomet.— Eed—lst, Bell & Beier. White— 1st, Bell & Beier. Judges— J. Y. Bicknell and W. T. Rogers. Class 18. Fish.— YeDow Perch— 1st, Fred. Mather. Wall-Eyed Pike— 1st, Fred. Mather. Oswego Bass— 1st, Pred. Mather. Eock and Black Bass— 1st, Pred. Mather. Pickerel— 1st and 2d, Pred. Mather. Gold Pish— 1st, Fred. Mather. Grayling — 1st, Fred. Mather. Brook Trout — • 1st and 2d, Fred. Mather. California Salmon — 1st, Fred. Mather. Class 19. Rabbits — Lop-eared — 2d, W. S. Dilz. Angora —1st and 2d, A. E. Stevenson, Buflfalo, N. Y. Native— 1st and 2d, Chas. G. Irish, Buffalo, N. Y. Common— 2d, Chas. G. Irish. Class 20. Minor Pets — Best show in class, Chas. G. Irish. Best display of Ferrets, P. J. Eeinhardt, Buffalo, N. Y.; 2d best, Pred. Mather. Best show of Guinea Pigs, Chas. G. Irish. Squirrels — Best pairs White, Fox, Gray, Silver, European, Black, Red, Plying, Chipmuck, Chas. G. Irish. Class 21. Dressed Poultry — Be.st display of dressed Turkies, B. D. Eogers, Buffalo, N. Y. ; 2d best, A. Nelson. Best display of dressed Ducks, A. Nelson ; 2d best, B. D. Rogers. Best display of dressed Geese, A. Nelson ; 2d best, B. D. Rogers. Best display of dressed Chickens, B. D. Eogers ; 2d best, A Nelson. Class 22. — Best Exhibition Coop, Peckham & Allen, Providence, E. I. Best Exhibition Taxidermy, R. Wal- ker & Son, Niagara Falls, N. Y. Best approved means of transporting Eggs for Hatching and best approved means of transporting Eggs for Market, Buffalo Egg Carrier Co. New Variety Class. — Pea-comb Partridge Cochins — Old, 2d, C. H. Edmonds, Melrose, Mass. Young, 1st and 2d, C. H. Edmonds. Wild Indian Game— Old, 1st, John Horter. Young, 1st, John Horter. Sumatra Game — Young, 1st and 2d, Ben. C. Ealph. WESTERN NEW YORK POULTRY SHOW. Editok Journal : On Wednesday last, having a little leisure, I took a run up to Buffivlo for the purpose of attending the great poultry show. Arriving in the city, I repaired at once to St. James' Hall, and set about examining the wonderful productions of nature (I had almost said art) there exhibited. Not being an exhibitor myself, and having no interest other than that of a fancier, who is unknown and therefore unappreciated by the fraternity, I concluded to jot down for the Journal a few of the impressions left on my mind. The Western New York Poultry Society is an immense success, and the fact that it is so is largely due to its able, energetic oificers and the citizens of Buffalo, who seem to consider the organization a child of the city, dependent for success upon their aid and effort, which they give right nobly. If the citizens of other places would do the same, we should hear no more about failure and poor shows. As a general rule the premiums were well awar ■■, the only exception being those placed on the Black Breasted Eed Games. How the judge of that class could have arrived at the conclusions he did is a mystery. The first and special premium on cocks unquestionably belonged to one of three right royal birds, which were far superior to all others; yet only one of these received notice, viz. : first and special premium, the two others giving place to inferior specimens (in the four remaining awards) — all belonging, as did the first, to one man. The first and special premium cockerel was far inferior to others shown by the same exhibitor, as well as those exhibited by others. It was claimed that he was an imported bird, and it may be the premium was given him on that account, notwithstanding the red feathers in his breast, in the steel bar across his wing and in his shank, besides the red tipping of his tail feathers. No better success attended the judging of the hens and pullets. When we reflect that nearly all the prizes were given to one man, it looks suspicious. In these later days there are so many rings, that we should all be on the alert to kill out by earnest protest the first appearance of a monster of the kind in our poultry exhibitions. It is for this reason I mention a matter in which I have no personal interest. The show in Brahmas was more than superb. Messrs. Williams and Todd in the main contesting the field with majestic birds. The show of small pets was interesting, curious, and in- structive. The row of Bantams very fine. The arrangement of the pens could not have been bet- tered ; in fact, the Society at this Exhibition once again covered itself with credit. May be more anon. H. J. S. Febkuaky 22, 1875. [The writer of the above is not alone in his views, but whether the criticism is just or not, we are not prepared to say. Although the judge and exhibitor are warm personal friends, we have too much confidence in the honor and in- tegrity of the parties to believe there was any collusion in this case. If the awards were not properly placed, it was undoubtedly an error in judgment, although had we been judge in this class, all the above exhibitor's birds would have been ruled out at once. Soon after we arrived at the Hall, some one came up and wanted to know if we had seen "Warren's Games." We answered. No. It was not long before the question was repeated, when we again answered, no ; and ventured to inquire what about them, when we were informed that they had all gold bands on their legs. We then went to see them (the bands) ; but we remember very little about the birds. We doubt if there was a fancier in the room but what knew these v/ere Warren's birds before they were judged. We would like to inquire, if the rules of the New York Society allow the marking of birds so they will be known by the judges? We object to the marking of birds, or coops, so long as societies have rules against it; but we are an advocate of repealing all such rules, and allowing every exhibitor to place his business card on his coops as soon as placed in position in the exhi- bition room, which will place all on an equal footing. Until then there will be favored ones at all exhibitions ; besides, it is an insult to judges to suppose they would not do their duty equally as well with the names of all the exhibitors before them. — Ed.] THE SOUTHERN TIER POULTRY AND PllT STOCK SOCIETY. Friend Wade : Inclosed I send you the list of premiums awarded at our late Exhibition, which was quite successful, and passed off' FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY • EXCHANGE. 147 agreeable to all concerned, and our prospects are bright for the '■■ituro. Truly yours, ELiuiRA, N. Y., Feb. 13, 1875. C. S. WHITE. Brahmas, Light— Fowls, Ist and 2d,. John H. Hall, Catha- rine, N. Y. ; 3d, Wm. Atwood, Big Flats, N. Y. Chicks, Ist, Batterson & Liiing, Klmira ; 2d, John H. Hall ; 3d, D. G. Kaclcer, Ilavana, N. Y. Dark— Fowls, 1st, Wm. At- wood ; 2d, D. G. Eaokor ; 3d, IJatterson & Laing. Chicks, 1st and 2d, .John H. Hall ; 3d, D. G. Eaokor. Cochins, Biifl— Chicks, 1st, D. G. Eacker ; 2d, John H. Hall; 3d, Chidscy & White, EIniira, N. Y. Partridge— Fowl.i, 1st, D. G. Flicker; 2d, H. H. I^ancy, Elmira; 3d, K. K. Edminster, Big Flats. Chicks, 1st, Thomas & Waldo, Moravia, N. Y. ; 2d, S. II. Laney ; 3d, D. G. Eacker. Black— Fowls, 1st, Chidsey & White. Chicks, 1st, D. G. Eacker. Houdans— Fowls, 1st, Chidsey & White ; 2d, John H. Hall ; 3d, D. G. Eacker. Chicks, 2d, D. G. Eacker. Creveccours — l.st, L. T. Charles, HornoUsvillo, N. Y. Leghorns, White — Fowls, 1st and 2d, Chidsey & White. Chicks, 1st, S. n. Laney ; 2d, Battcrson & Laing ; 3d, H. D. Wells, Elmira. Dominique — Homer L. Pelton,I'enn Yan, 1st on fowls and 1st on chicks. Black-Spanish — Fowls, 1st, Battcrson & Laing. Chicks, 2d, H. L. Pelton. White Dorkings— 1st, H. L. Pelton. Plymouth Itock- Chicks, 1st, W. H. S. Scott, Elmira, N. Y. Hamburgs, Golden-Spangled — Fowls, 1st, Wm. Atwood. Chicks, 1st, H. L. I'd ton ; 2d, John H. Hall. Silver- spangled— Fowls, 1st, H. Ij. Pelton. Chicks, 1st, M. J. Emhoff, Elmira. White— Fowls, 1st, C. H. Baker, Elmira. Chicks, 1st, C. H. Baker. Polish, White, White Crested— 1st, Chidsey & White. Golden— Fowls, 1st, John H. Hall ; 2d, H. L. Pelton. Chicks, 1st, D. S. Itedfield, Elmira, N. Y. Silver— Chicks, 1st, D. B. Winton, Addison. Fowls, 1st, D. B. Winton. Games, Black-breasted Red — Fowls, 1st, Baker & Rey- nolds, Elmira; 2d, Bun Hollis, Hornellsville ; 3d, Chidsey & White. Chicks, 1st, Wm. Jackson, Elmira; 2d, Chid- sey & White; 3d, Baker & Reynolds. Brown-red — Fowls, 1st, Patrick Murphy, Elmira. Chicks, 1st, S. H. Laney. Silver Duck-wing — Fowls, 1st, Chidsey & White. Yellow Duck-wing— Fowls, 1st, Chidsey & White ; 2d, John H. Hall; 3d, Burr Hollis. Chicks- 1st, Chidsey & White; 2d, Burr Hollis. Red Pile— 1st, Burr Hollis. Blue Red- Fowls, 1st, Burr Hollis. Chicks, 1st, Burr Hollis. Irish Gray— Fowls, 1st, Burr Hollis. Chicks, 1st, Burr Hollis. White Georgian— 1st, Chidsey & While. Black— 1st, B. F. Prall, Elmira. Ginger Red— 1st, Chilsey & White; 2d, S. n. Lang. Pile— Fowls, 1st, Chidsey & White; 2d, John H. Half. Chicks, 1st and 2d, Chidsey & White. Bantams, Black-breasted Red Game — Fowls, 1st, Chidsey & White. Chicks— 1st and 2d, Chidsey & White ; 3d, P. Pholl, Elmira. Golden Sebright— Fowls, 1st and 2d, Chidsey & White. Chicks, 1st, Harry Loring, Elmira. African — Fowls, 1st, Chidsey & White. Silver I)uck-wing —1st, Chidsey & White. Yellow Duck-wing— 1st, Chidsey & White ; 2d, Burr Hollis. Turkeys, Bronze — 1st, R. K. Edminster ; 2d, John Crane, Catharine, N. Y. State— 1st, David T. Billings, Elmira. Ducks, Rouen— lat, H. L. Pelton; 2d, D."^ G. Eacker; 3d, S. H. Laney; Aylesbury— 1st, Burr Hollis. Pokin— 1st, William Atwood. Muscovy— 1st, John H. Hall ; 2d, W. H. S. Scott. Cayuga, Black— 1st, Burr Hollis. White Crested — 1st, Burr Hollis. Guinea Fowls, White— 1st, H. L. Pelton. Pearl— 1st, John H. Hall. Japanese Silver Pheasant — 1st and special, Albert Nei- deck, Ithaca, N. Y. Best pair Grades, Partridge Cochin and Buff cross, W. W. Albro, Elmira. Pigeons. — Dun Carriers — 1st and 2d, Burr Hollis. White Crested Fans— 1st, Chidsev & White ; 2d, E. R. Bloomer, Elmira. Mottled Fans— tst, Cliidsey & White. Red Jaco- bins—1st and 2d, E. R. Bloomer. Turbits, Silver-wing- 2d, Chidsev & White. Yellow- wing— 1st, Chidsey &" White. Rod-wing— 1st, Chidsev & White. Trumpeters— 1st, Chidsey & White. Magpies — 1st, Burr Hollis. Ferrets— Ist, Burr Hollis. Guinea Pigs — 1st, Burr Hollis. Best English Pointer Dog, Burr Hollis. Best American Kaglo, Thomas Grady, Elmira. Best exhibition Stuffed Birds, W. L. Gibson, Elmira. Best exhibition Stuffed Animals, Wm. Atwood. California Quail, 1st, M. L. Roll, Elmira. Singing Canary, 1st, G. C. Leonard, Elmira. SPECIALS. Society, for largest and best collection, Chidsey & White ; 1st, John M. Hall; 2d, Burr Hollis. Best pair Light Brahmas, John H. Hall. Best pair Dark Brahma fowls, Wm. Atwood. Best three pair Dark Brahma chicks, John H. Hall. Best pair Partridge Cochins, D. G. Eacker. Best pair Buff Cochins, D. G. Eacker. Best pair Black Cochins, Chidsey & White. Best pair Red Pile Game, Burr Holls. Best pair Brown Red Game, S. H. Laney. Best pair Black Red Game, Chidsey & White. Best pair Silver Duck-wing Game, Chidsey & White. Best pair Yellow Duck-wing Game, Chidsey & White. Best pair Houdans, Chidsey & White. Best pair White Crested White Polish, Chidsey & White. Best pair White Leghorns, Chidsey & White. Best pair Black Spanish, Battcrson & Laing. Best pair White Leghorn chicks, Battcrson & Laing. Best pair Plymouth Rook chicks, W. H. S. Scott. Best pair White Hamburg fowls, C. H. Baker. Best pair Silver- spangled Hamburgs, H. L. Pelton. Best pair Red Pile Game Bantams, Chidsc_v & White. Best pair Black-breasted Red Game Bantams, Ohidsey & White. Best pair Silver Duck-wing Game Bantams, Chidsey & White. Best pair Yellow Duck- wing Game Bantams, Chidsey & White. Best pair Golden Sebright Bantams, Chidsej- & White. Best pair Golden Sebright Bantam chicks, Harrj- Loring. Best English Pointer Dog, Burr Hollis. Best Yellow Duck- wing cockerel, Chidsey & White. Best White Leghorn pullet, Battcrson & Liiing. Best Partridge Cochin cockerel, Thomas & Waldo. Best Partridge Cochin pullet, Thomas & Waldo. Best pair Light Brahma chicks, Battcrson & Laing. Best pair I'artridge Cochin chicks, Thomas & Waldo. Best pair Pekin Ducks, Wm. Atwood. Best pair heaviest Turkey, David T. Billings. Best pair Rouen Ducks, H. L. I'elton. Best pair Muscovy Ducks, John H. Hall. Best largest Cock, any variety, Chidsey & White. Best Game cock, figuring most points, Chidsey & White. Best Light Brahma hen, Wm. Atwood. Best Dark Brahma hen, Wm. Atwood. Best pair Turkeys, R. K. Edminster. Best pair White Games, Chidsey & White. Best collection Bantams, Chidsey & White. Best pair Aylesbury Ducks, Burr Hollis. Best Irish Gray hen. Burr Hollis. Best African Bantam pullet, Chidsey & White. Best White Leghorn cock, Chidsey & White. Best three pair Light Brahma chicks, John H. Hall. Best collection of Pigeons, Chidsey & White. Best Exhibition Coops, :M. M. Knowles, Elmira. Best Duck-wing Game hen, Chidsey & AVhitc. Committee — W. J. Winfield, Rochester; J. J. Breese, Wyoming, Pa. ITHACA POULTRY ASSOCIATION. ,\WARD OK rKEMU'MS. Class 1. AsinOcs. — Brahmas, Light — Fowls, 1st, 3d and special, John H. Hall, Catharine; 2d, George Furness, Au- burn. Chicks, 1st and .3d, John H. Hall ; 2d, Frank Pres- ton, Candor. Special, best pair Asiatics, John H. Hall. Dark — Fowls, 1st and specials, Selovcr & Greenfield, JIo- ravia ; 2d, John U. Hall. Chicks, 1st, Selover & Green- field ; 2d and 3d, John G. Smith, Ithaca. Cochins, Bull'— Fowls, 1st and special, Geo. Furness ; 2d, W. T. Bowlby, North Hector; .3d, John McDowell, Aurora. Chicks. 1st, F. F. Preston; 2d, Geo. Furness; 3d, A. P. Stone. Farmer Village. Black— Fowls, 1st and 2d, C. N. Brown. Unadilla Forks; 3d, Goo. Furness. Chicks, 1st and 2d, John G. Smith; 3d, C. N. Brown. Best Black Cochin pullet, special, C. N. Brown; best pair Black Cochins, special. C. N. Brown. Partridce— Fowls, 1st and 2d, Chidsey & White, Elmira; 3d, C. S. Bills, Auburn. Chicks, Ist'and special, Thomas L. Waldo, Moravia; 2d and 3d, Eugene Waldo, Moravia. Cochins, White — Fowls, 1st, Geo. Fur- 148 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. ness. Chicks, 1st and 3d, Geo. Purness; 2d, Watling & Son, Seneca Palls. Class 2. Dorkings. — White — Fowls, 1st, J. T. Bioknell, Westmoreland, N. T. ; 2d, C. D. Cartwright, Fairport, N. T. Chicks, 1st, J. Y. Bieknell ; 2d, 0. N. Brown. Best pair Dorkings, special, J. Y. Bieknell. Gray — Fowls, 1st, C. N. Brown. Class 3. Hamburgs. — Golden Spangled — Fowls, 1st and special, Watling & Son ; 2d, J. Y. Bieknell ; 3d, L. D. Ely, Jr., Rochester. Chicks, 1st, Geo. W. Wood, Ithaca; 2d, W. S. Bills ; 3d, J. Y. Bieknell. Geo. W. Wood, special for best pair Golden Spangled. Golden Penciled — Fowls, 2d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Chicks, 1st, J. Y. Bieknell ; 2d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Silver Spangled — Fowls, 1st and special, Warren A. Worden, Auburn ; 2d, J. Y. Bieknell ; 3d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Chicks, 1st, W. S. Bills; 2d, Geo. W. Wood; 3d, J. Y. Bieknell. Silver Penciled— Fowls, 2d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Chicks, 2d, 3d and special, L. D. Ely, Jr. Black — Fowls, 2d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Chicks, 1st, W. S. Bills; 2d, J. Y. Bieknell ; 3d, L. D. Ely, Jr. White— Fowls, 3d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Chicks, 2d, L. B. Ely, Jr. ; 3d, S. H. Lancey, Elmira. Class 4. Spanish. — Black — Fowls, 1st, 0. Howland, Au- burn. Chicks, 1st and special, Geo. E. Barbour, Auburn ; 2d, 0. Howland. Brown Leghorn — Chicks, 1st and special, Geo. Furness; 2d, Geo. W. Wood; 3d, Watling & Son. Dominique Leghorn — Fowls, 3d, Homer L. Pelton, Penn Yan. White Leghorn — Fowls, 1st and special, L. D. Ely, Jr. ; 2d, Chidsey & White. Chicks, 1st, Johnson Mc- Dowell, Aurora; 2d, J. Y. Bieknell ; 3d, L. D. Ely, Jr. Class 5. French. — Houdan — Fowls, 1st and special, C. D. Cartwright & Co., Fairport; 3d, 0. Howland. Chicks, 1st, J. Y. Bieknell ; 2d, Bradford Almy, Ithaca ; 3d, 0. How- land. Creveeceur — Fowls, 1st, 8d and special, C. N. Brown ; 2d, E. T. Botsford, Utica. Chicks, 1st and 2d, C. N. Brown. La Fleche — Fowls, 1st and special, C. N. Brown. Chicks, 1st and 2d, C. N. Brown. Class 6. Games. — Earl Derby— Fowls, 1st, J. Y. Biek- nell. Chicks, 2d, J. Y. Bieknell. Black-breasted Red- Fowls, 1st, J. Y. Bieknell ; 2d, Langdon Swartwood, Ithaca; 3d, C. D. Cartwright & Co. Chicks, 1st and 3d, J. Y. Bieknell; 2d, Wm. Spence, Jr., Ithaca. Brown-breasted Bed — Chicks, 1st, S. H. Laney. Ginger Bed — Chicks, 1st, S. H. Laney, Yellow Duck-wing— Fowls, 1st, J. Y. Biok- nell. Chicks, 1st, J. Y. Bieknell. Silver Duck-wing — Fowls, 2d, J. Y. Bieknell. White Georgian— Fowls, 1st, J. Y. Bieknell. White Pyle— Fowls, 1st and special, J. Y. Bieknell; 3d, Langdon Swartwood. Eed Pyle — Fowls, 1st, Langdon Swartwood; 3d, Smith Mott, Ithaca. Chicks, 1st and special, J. Y. Bieknell. Spangled Game — Chicks, 1st, E. C. Marsh, Mott's Corners. Gray — 3d, Langdon Swartwood. Wild Indian Tasseled— Chicks, 2d, S. H. Laney. White Game (other than Georgian) — Chicks, 1st, Langdon Swartwood. Best cock bred for Pit, Langdon & Swartwood. Best Game cock, C. D. Cartwright & Co. Best Grades, S. P. Stone, Farmer Village. Class 7. PoiisA.— Silver Spangled— Fowls, 1st, Geo. H. Gilfus, Auburn ; 2d, C. D. Cartwright & Co. Chicks, 1st, Geo. H. Gilfus; 2d, C. D. Cartwright & Co. Golden Spangled— Fowls, 1st, C. D. Cartwright & Co. ; 2d, Homer L. Pelton. Chicks, 1st and special, C. D. Cartwright & Co. ; 2d, Chas. G. Day, Ithaca. White Crested, White- Fowls, 1st and special, O. Howland ; 2d, Chas. V. Powles, Ithaca. Chicks, 1st, Chidsey & White. Black White Crested— Chicks, 1st and special, J. Bieknell ; 2d, C. G. Day. Classes 8 & 9. .Bantams.- Pyle Game— Fowls, 1st, Chidsey & White. Chicks, 1st, J. Y. Bieknell ; 2d, Frank Woodworth. Yellow Duck-wing— Chicks, 1st, Chidsey & White; 2d, Geo. Furness. Silver Duck-wing— Fowls, 1st and special, J. Y. Bieknell; 2d, C. D. Cartwright & Co. Chicks, 1st, Chidsey & White ; 2d, Geo. Furness. Black- breasted Game— Fowls, 1st, Watling & Son ; 2d, Orlando Seeley; 3d, Watling & Son. Chicks, 1st, Eddie Gerard, Ithaca. Golden Sebright— Fowls, 1st and special, Chidsey & White; 2d, F. F. Preston, Candor. Chicks, 3d, Isaac Sat- ten, Ithaca. Silver Sebright— Fowls, 2d, P. F. Preston. Chicks, 1st, C. S. Bills ; 2d, R. R. Preston. Black African — 1st and 3d, Geo. Furness; 2d, Geo. W. Wood. Class 10. Dominiques. — Fowls, 1st, Geo. W. Wood , 2d, O. Howland ; 3d, Geo. W. Wood. Chicks, 1st and special, J. Y. Bieknell ; 3d, O. Howland. Plymouth Rock— Fowls, 2d, Geo. W. Wood; 3d, Watling & Son. Chicks, 1st, A. P. Coddington, Trumansburg ; 2d, Thaddeus Conipton, Ovid ; 3d, Geo. W. Wood. Specials, Best pair Plymouth Rook chicks, best Plymouth Rock pullet, best pair Plymouth Rock chicks, best Plymouth Rock cockerel, all awarded to A. P. Coddington. Classes 11 & 12. Turkeys. — Bronze — 1st and special, L. D. Ely; 2d, J. Y. Bieknell. White— 1st, O. Howland. Black — 1st, 0. Howland. Special, largest Turkey, other than Bronze, O. Howland. Class 13. Geese. — Bremen — 1st, O. Howland; 2d, J. O. Hill, Farmer Village. Toulouse— 1st, J. O. Hill. White China— 1st, Homer L. Pelton; 2d, J. O. Hill. Wild— 1st, J. 0. Hill. African— 1st, J. 0. Hill. Class 14. Ducks. — Aylesbury — 1st, J. O. Hill. 2d and 3d— J. Y. Bieknell. Special, for best pair, J. 0. Hill. Black Cayuga — 1st and special, J. O. Hill; 2d, J. Y. Biek- nell ; 3d, O. Howland. Rouen— 1st and 2d, J. Y. Bieknell ; 3d, J. 0. Hill. White Crested— 1st, J. Y. Bieknell. White Muscovy — J. Y. Bieknell. Colored Muscovy — 1st, John H. Hall ; 2d, S. P. Stone ; 3d, J. 0. Hill. Pekin— 1st, J. Y. Bieknell. Class 15. Guinea Fowls. — White, 1st, J. Y. Bieknell; 2d, S. P. Stone. Pea Fowls— 1st, J. 0. McKinney, 1 pair. Class 16. Pigeons. — White Calcutta Fantails — 1st, F. F. Preston; 2d, Chas. G. Day. Trumpeters — 1st, Chas. G. Day. Priests— 1st, Chas. G. Day. Red Wing Turbits— 1st, F. F. Preston. Yellow Wing Turbits— 1st, Watling & Son ; 2d, P. F. Preston. Red Jacobins— 1st, Watling & Son. White Jacobins — 1st, Watling & Son. Black Pied Pouters — 2d, Watling & Son. Black Short-faced Tumblers — 1st, Watling & Son. Archangels — 1st, Watling & Son. White Turbits— 1st, Watling & Son. Moor Caps— 1st, Watling & Son. Specials, for best pair Pouter Pigeons, Watling & Son ; best display of White Fantails, Chas. G. Day ; largest and best display, Chas. G. Day. Class 17. — Gray Parrot — 1st, Henry Miller, Lansing. Canaries — 1st and special, Wm. Shepard, Ithaca ; 2d, Harlan Hill. Ferrets — 1st and special, M.Vandroof ; 2d, J. Y. Bieknell. Gray Squirrels — 1st, E. I. Moore. Heaviest goose exhibited, J. 0. Hill. Heaviest hen exhibited, J. H. Hall. Heaviest pullet exhibited, A. P. Coddington. Rabbits — Lop-eared Buck, 1st, W. S. Bills ; Lop-eared Doe, 1st, W. S. Bills; Self-colored Doe, 1st, W. S. Bills; Self-colored Buck, 1st, W. S. Bills ; Broken-colored Buck, 1st, W. S. Bills; Broken-colored Doe, lst,W. S. Bills ; Lop- eared Doe, 1st, Watling & Son ; best Lop-eared, any color, special, W. S. Bills. Best pair Grade fowls, 1st, S. P. Stone. Grade Golden Hamburg, Geo. W. Baker, Ithaca. Pkibnd Wade : On page 97, Vol. II, No. 7, Fanciers' Journal, you report a list of awards of the Central New York Poultry Show — you say, "awarded at Ithaca" — it should be "awarded at at Utica." Following the list of awards is your explana- tions, which applies to the Ithaca show and not to the Cen- tral New York show. Yours truly, J. Y. Bicknell. [How the error alluded to crept in, we are unable to say; but Mr. Bicknell's letter fully explains the matter. — Ed.] RHODE ISLAND STATE POULTRY SHOW. Jos. M. Wade, Esq: I inclose a list of premiums awarded at the Rhode Island State Poultry Show, held in Woonsocket, February 9, 10, and 11. We had a splendid show of fowls, but bad weather, and consequently poor attendance. Very respectfully yours, Chas. E. Ballou, Treas. Awards were made as follows, Woonsocket being the res- idence of the exhibitor when no other place is specified : Asiatics. — Light Brahmas — 1st, Edward Thurber ; 2d and 3d, W. C. Cook. Chicks, 1st W. C. Cook ; 2d, Edward FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 149 Thurber ; 3d, S. C. Brown, BlacUstone. Specialties — best and largest specimens of Light Brahmas, W. C. Coolt, $10; best two trios of Light Bnilimns, W. C. Coolc, $5; four heaviest Light Brahma hr.nn, Jatnes L. Bullock, Provi- dence, $10; trio of Light IJrahmas having the most perfect combs, W. C. Coolc, $5. D«i-lc Brahmas — Fowls, 1st, Geo. S. Kcad; 2d, U. C. Lazcllo. Chicks, 1st, George S. Read; 2d, Charles J. Allen, North Attleboro; 3d, Irwin Gaskill. Specials — best cock, Geo. S. Head, $5; best Penciled hen, 11. C. Lazelle, ,$10; best trio chicks, George S. Road, $2. Buff Cochins— Fowls, 2d, W. C. Cook; 3d, Richard Bar- nett. Chicks, 2d, Jame.s S. Thayer ; 3d, Richard Barnett. Specials — best trio, W. C. Cook, $3. Partridge Cochins — Fowls, 1st, W. C. Cook; 2d, A. E. Crapon ; 3d, W. C. Cook. Chicks, 1st, A. B. Crapon; 2d, George Wells ; 3d, A. E. Crapon. Specials — best six trios chicks raised by exhibitors, A. E. Crapon, $.5; cock or cockerel showing most points, W. C. Cook, $.5. White Cochins — Fowls, 1st and 2d, W. C. Cook. Chicks, 1st, W. C. Cook. Specials — best throe trios, W. C. Cook, $5; best heaviest hen, W. C. Cook, $12; cock figuring most points, W. C. Cook, $3. Black Cochins — Fowls, 1st, W. S. Bugbeo, Worcester; 2d, W. C. Cook; 3d, William Cook, Pawtucket. Chicks, 1st, W. S. Bugbeo ; 2d, Wm. Cook ; 3d, W. S. Bugbee. Spec- ials—best and largest variety' of Asiatics, W. C. Cook, $5. Spanish. — Black — 1st and 2d, Albert Jones, Milford; 8d, Charles J. Allen. Specials — best cock figuring most points, Albert W. Jones, $3. ' White Leghorns — 1st, Eugene T. Martin; 2d and 3d, W. C. Cook. Specials- best cock, W. C. Cook, $10; cockerel showing best points, W. C. Cook, $10; best three trios, W. C. Cook, $5. Brown Leghorns— 1st, W. C. Cook; 2d, J. E. Tingley, of Providence; 3d, W. C. Cook. Specials — best trio, W. C. Cook, $4 ; two best Brown Leghorns, Charles O. Arnold, $5; six best Brown Leghorns, Charles 0. Arnold, $5; Brown Leghorn cock showing best points, W. C. Cook, $-5; best two Leghorns, Brown and White, W. C. Cook, $5; best and largest collection of Leghorns, W. C. Cook, $.5. Black Leghorns— 1st, H. C. LazeUe, $3; 2d, W. C. Cook, $2 ; 3d, H. C. LazeUe. Specials— best trio, H. C. Lazelle, $2; best cockerel, II. C. Lazelle, $5. Dorkings. — Silver Gray — 1st, Charles C. Martin. Colored —2d, Charles J. Allen. Plymouth Rooks— 1st, W. C. Cook; 2d, John N. Roades, Bellinghara; 3d, Irvin Gas- kill. Special— best trio Plymouth Rocks, W. C. Cook, ,$2. Haniburgs — Silver-Spangled — 3d, Pierce & Robertson, Whitinsvi'lle. Golden Spangled— 1st, 2d, 3d, Charles E. Ballon. Specials — best Golden-Spangled Hamburgs raised in Woonsocket, Charles E. Ballou, $3; best trio Golden- Spangled Hamburgs, raised in Rhode Island, Charles Bal- lou, $-5; best Golden-Spanglod Hamburg cockerel, Charles Ballou, $1.25. Black Hamburgs— 2d, L. L. Whitney, of Millbury. French and Polish. — Houdans — 1st, A. E. Crapon. White- Crested Black Poland — 1st, Edward Thurber. Specials — best pair White-crested chicks, Edward Thurber, $5. White-crested Golden Poland, George W. Boulelle. Oames. — Earl Derby — 1st, James W. David.son, Whitins- ville ; 2d, Daniel O'Noil. Specials — best pair Earl Derby — James W. Davidson, $2. Yellow Duckwing — 1st and 2d, W. C. Cook. Specials — best two pairs GoUien-vellow, W. C. Cook, $10. Silver Duckwing— 1st and 2d, "Charles C. Perham. Specials — best pair Silver Duckwing, Charles C. Perham, $5. Black-breasted Red — 1st, Charles C. Perham ; 2d, Charles W. Allen; 3d, L. L. Whitney, Millbury. Spo- cials^best Black and Red Game cock, Charles C. Perham, $2. White Pyle— 1st, Charles C. Perham; 3d, Lawrence & Rogers, Worcester. Blue-Red — 1st, Lawrence & Rog- ers. War Eagle — 1st, James M. Davidson; 2d, D. O'Neil. Spangles — Lawrence & Rogers. White Georgian — 2d, Law- rence & Rogers ; 3d, Charles J. Allen. Special — best Game ben, Charles C. Perham, $1.25. Bantams. — Black-breasted Red — 1st, Abner Winslow, of Putnam, Conn.; 2d, W. H. Fitton, Worcester; 3d, L. L. Whitney. Special — best pair Black Red Game, L. L. Whitney, $1.25. Yellow Duckwing— 1st, Lawrence' & Rogers; 2d, L. L. Whitnov Brown Red — 1st, Lawrence & Rogers. White— 1st, W. H. Fitton. Red Pyle— 1st, Lawrence «& Rogers. Ginger Red — 1st Lawrence & Rogers. White Pyle — 1st, Lawrence & Rogers. Bantams — Ist^ 2d, and 3d, 0alcr fowls. — No. 1G8 — Best pair white swans, Wm. P. Miller, $iO. Nos. 150, 100, 101, 102, and 103 — Not awarded. Class 10. Piyams. — No. 104 — Best collection of Pigeons, Geo. E. Seavey, $.50. No. 1(;.5— Best collection of Pigeons, Geo. F. Seavey, " Baird's Birds of North America," three! volumes, value $30. No. 100 — Best collection of Pouters, E. O. Conant, Portland, Mo., a silver cake basket, value $10. No. 107— Best collection of Carriers, Geo. F. Seavey, [ ,$10. No. 108— Best collection of Fantails, E. H. Hero, Milford, a ladies' fur seal cap, value $12. No. 109— Best collection on Crested Fantails, B. U. Hero, $7.50. No. 170 — Best collection of Yellow Fantails, P. "Williams, a nickel silver table service, value $25. No. 171 — Best collection of Owls, U. Frank Ellis, $5. No. 172— Best pair of White Africiin Owls, 11. S. Ball, a pair of Magpies, value $8. No. 173 — Best collection of Swallows, C. "VV. Chamberlain, u constant ventilator, value .$2.50. No. 174 — Best collection of Trumpeters, C. W. Cluuubcrlain, $.5. No. 175 — Best collection of .Jacobins, Geo. F. Seavey, $10. No. 170 — Best pair of Pigeons exhibited by a lady. Miss Carrie Chase, Cambridgeport, a gold thimble. No. 177 — Best pair of Pigeons exhibited by a boy not over sixteen years of age, E. H. Brackett, Boston, a silver cup. No. 178— Best collec- tion of Priests, C. "W. Chamberlain, $10. No. 179— Best pair of Blue Fantails, Geo. F. Seavey, one dozen silver- plated spoons, value $10. Class 17. Birds. — -No. 180 — Best collection of live Birds, not less than ten varieties, A. J. Colburn, $15. No. 181 — Best Mocking Bird, A. J. Colburn, one year's subscription to Fanciers' Jonrnal, $2.50. No. 182 — Best Belgian Canary, H. O. Noil, one year's subscription to Fanciers' Journal, $2.50. No. 183— Best Green Parrot, A. J. Colburn, one year's subscription to Fanciers' Journal, $2.50. No. 184 — Best Aviary collection, Grecnleaf & Anthony, one year's subscription to Fanciers' Ji'urnal, $2.50. No. 185 — Not awarded. No. 180— Best Bultinch, A. J. Colburn, a bound volume (IV.) of Poultry Bulletin. Class 18. Fur-bearing Pets. — No. 187 — Best collection of Kabbits, not less than six varieties, W. H. Brackett, Bos- ton, $16. Class 19. Minor Pets. — No. 188 — Best collection of Minor Pets, not loss than three varieties, A. J. Colburn, $10. No. 189— Best pair of "White Guinea Pigs, "W. II. Brackett, $5. No. 190 — Best Fox Squirrel, iMoses A. Wood, bound volume (IV.) of Poultry Bulletin. No. 191— Best Gray Squirrel, A. J. Colburn, bound voUimo {W.) of Poultry Bulletin. Class 20. Sundries. — No. 192 — Not awarded. No. 193 — Not awarded. No. 194 — To the person exhibiting the largest variety of poultry, U. B. Wallace, Lynntield, $5. No. 195 — Best show of trout, alive, Fred. Mather, a fishing-rod, value $25. No. 190 — Best practical exhibition coop, Peckham & Allen, Providence, K. I., $10. No. 197— Best oil painting of poultrj', pigeons, or birds, C. E. Tuttle, Savin Hill, Boston, bound volume (IV.) of the Poultry Bulletin. No. 198— Best brood of chickens, not over four weeks old, with ben, C. E. Perry, Wollaston Heights, $5. No. 199— to the person paying the largest entry fee, Goo. P. Seavey, $10. No. 200 — By Eastern Express Company, carriage one way free for all exhibitors on their lino. Class 1. Asiatics. — Light Brahmas — C. C. Plaisted ; H. S. Ball, Shrewsbury, Mass. ; E. N. Kice, Clinton, Mass. Dark Brahmas — Chue. A. Sweet, Buffalo, N. Y. ; Jos. M. Wado, Philadelphia, Pa. Buff Cochins — Mark Pitman, Nortli Beverly, Mass. ; Chas. A. Hathawav. White Cochins —A. M. Halsted, Kye, N. Y. ; John S. Ives, Salem, Mass. Partridge Cochins — A. P. Groves; G. W. Bradlev, Hamden, Conn. Black Cochins— A. iM. Halsted; M. I. Ellis, Nor- wood, Mass. Poa-comb Partridge Cochins — G. W. Bradley ; Henry Chapin. Class 2. Dorkings. — John Eldridge, Jr., New Bedford, Mass. ; S. H. Warren, Weston, Mass. Class 3. Hamburgs. — P. W. Hudson, North Manchostor, Ct. ; W. J. Underwood, Belmont, Mass. Class 4. Leghorns. — J. Boardmun Smith, Hartford, Ct. ; Abel F. Stevens, Natick, Class 5. French. — A. M. Halsted ; John P. Busscll, Clinton, Mass. Class G. Polish. — E. S. Ongley, Auburn, N. Y. ; John Swinton, Danvers, Muss. Class 7. Games. — A. M. Halsted; A. J. Colburn, Bos- ton. Class 8. Game Bantams. — P. W, Hudson ; A. J. Col- burn. Class 9. Bantams.— E. S. Ongley; H. S. Ball. Classic. Miscellaneous. — A. M. Halsted ; Albert Noyca. Class 11. Turkeys. — C. A. Johnson, Newburyport, Mass. ; Mark Pitman. Class 12 Ornamental. — C. A. Johnson ; Mark Pitman. Class 13. Geese. — O. B. Hadwin, Worcester, Mass. ; John S. Ives, Salem, Mass. Class 14. Ducks. — O. B. Hadwin ; John S. Ives. Class 15. Ornamental Water Fowls. — O. B. Hadwin; John S. Ives. Class 10. Pigeons. — Jos. M. Wade; Nathaniel Batch- eller, Lvnn, Mass. Class 17. Birds.— W. H. Bracket, Boston ; W. B. Atkin- son, Newburyport, Mass. Class 18. Kabbits —A. M. Halsted. Class 19. .Minor Pets.— A. M. Halsted. Class 20. Sundries. — C. A. Sweet; Philander Williams, Taunton, Mass. SEBRIGHT BANTAMS. In writing of this beautiful variety of Bantam we do not propose to advance any really new ideas — in fact, so much having been written already by many abler pens than ours, we almost fear to "hazard any further remarks upon the subject" — but deeming it probable that many of your readers have not read that really excellent work, " The Illus- trated Book of Poultry," by L. Wright, we shall take the liberty of quoting largely therefrom. In the above-named book we read that ''it was about the year 1800 that the late Sir John Sebright first began to fashion the Sebright Ban- tam. The cross was between some common Bantams and the Polish fowl. These were bred in and in until the re- quired marking and size were secured. Sir John also estab- lished a club for the fostering of his pets. It is thus men- tioned in the Poultry Chronicle, of 18.35: 'The Sebright Bantam club was formed some forty years ago by the late Sir John Sebright and several other fanciers, who endeav- ored, if possible, to obtain the beautiful plumage of the Polish fowl on as small specimens as could bo. They began their labors by selecting the best kinds for their purpose of 166 PAJSrCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. the Polish, and by judiciously crossing them with Bantams, gradually obtained their end. They had to work out the topknots, get rid of the hackles and long tail-feathering, and reduce the size; retaining as much as possible the truly impertinent character of the Bantam. This has been most successfully accomplished, but not without the occasional recrossing with the Black Bantam ; for the constant breed- ing in and in has often brought the birds to a stand-still. " ' The Sebright Bantam is of two varieties, called respec- tively Gold and Silver, from the ground color of the plu- mage, which should be a golden bay in one case and clear white in the other. In perfect specimens every feather , in- cluding the neck-hackles (or rather feathers, for the cock has no true hackles), the wing secondaries, the tail feathers — in fact, with no exceptions whatever, except the primary quills or Sights, which are not seen — is laced or margined all around with black (as shown in the cut). The accuracy of this marking in good birds is extraordinary and produces a most beautiful effect. The flights in Golden birds are usually of a darker shade in the ground color, with some- times a little gray shading on the inner web, and almost always a little lacing towards the end, but rarely more. In Silvers the primaries usually show rather more black or gray ; the feathers most apt to fail in lacing are those of the tail.' " Such a tail as shown in the accompanying cut would be pronounced almost perfect, when it is considered by many judges " allowable for an otherwise excellent bird to have the tail feathers onl}' nicely tipped ; " but the further the marking extends up the sides of the feather the better. The Sebright Bantam has a rose comb, which should be as neat as possible, though this is always a diflicult point. The comb, wattles, and face are of a purple or livid color, and the deaf ears ai'e supposed to be white, but it is more than doubtful if such was ever yet seen on good specimens. So long ago as 18-53, Mr. Hewitt, at that time a celebrated breeder of Sebright Bantams, wrote on this point in Messrs. Wingtield & Johnson's "Poultry Book:" "In Sebright Bantams I have yet to see a specimen in which the ear-lobe is perfectly white ; for, although so many have been bred by myself in the last twenty years, all that I have yet had were blushed, and many perfectly red, in the ear-lobe. I freely admit that I should prefer the white, but I feel con- fident that it is not to be generally, if ever, obtained." The great difficulty in breeding Sebright Bantams is their extreme sterility ; this has not only threatened the actual extinction of the breed (for it has more than once happened that not one chick has hatched out of several hun- dreds of eggs set), but makes it very difficult to attain a high standard, since there are not adequate numbers from which to make that selection of stock which is the very formation of the breeder's art. We have seen that long ago a cross with the Black Bantam was employed to remedy these grow- ing evils, and it has been more than suspected that modern breeders have used the same expedient, though in some quarters it has been denied. The following interesting notes on Sebright Bantams from the most successful breeder of the present day, Mr. Matthew Leno, of Dunstable (England), will however re- move all doubt upon this point: " It is a well-known fact tha,t the lacing of the Sebright Bantam is very diflicult to keep together ; I find on breeding them with clear tails that the lacing on the breast and shoulders is mostly very indiffer- ent. I have bred some of my best for evenness of lacing by introducing .occasionally a Black Bantam cook to laced hens, and in succeeding years breeding from the best cross-bred cockerel with laced hens having no such stain among them. It takes several years to get the lacing good afterwards, but some of my best exhibition birds have been bred in the manner described ; the Black Bantam causes the tail to come rather dark, but the lacing otherwise is most perfect. The cross is also most useful in tending to make the Sebright Bantam more fertile. I have had, in my earlier experience, in some seasons, only two or three chicks hatch out of as many hundred eggs, but since I have introduced the cross named I get plenty of fertile eggs ; and although the cross produces the cloudy tail, I am recompensed by the superior lacing obtained. " The breeding of Golds and Silvers separately should not always be followed, as the gold bird's coloring becomes too red. The breeding of the two colors together generally yields some splendid birds ; the produce will be both gold and silver, and not one in fifty will be half-and-half color. "They lay a large number of eggs and are easily reared. It is a fact well known to me that many chickens are killed by what I term too great kindness. Many commence to stuff them with too large a quantity of egg food. I use nothing but barley meal, a sprinkling of oat meal, Dear's game and poultry food, and a very small portion of custard mixed together in a crumbly paste. The custard is made of new milk and eggs in proportion, five or six eggs to half a pint of milk; the milk should be boiled in a kettle some- thing after the fashion of a glue pot. The milk being sur- rounded with water prevents it from burning, which would be very injurious to the chicks ; the eggs, after being beaten up, should be added when the milk is boiling and frequently stirred. In a short time a nice thick custard is formed, which, after boiling slow, should be turned out into a hair sieve, to thoroughly drain the whey out before using. I never use more than four or five eggs daily to my hundred chicks." We had begun to think that the beautiful Silver Sebright Bantams were becoming extinct, as we had not seen a good specimen shown, for several years ; but while on a visit to the yards of Benj. Mann & Bro., of Haddonfield, N. J., we saw some excellent birds ; the hens, particularl}', were ex- quisitely laced, and the ground color very clear and white ; it is to be hoped that this really meritorious breed of Ban- tams will become more popular, and we feel safe in saying that they only need to be seen to be appreciated. W. B. Plowek. Shoemakertown, Pa., Marcli 2, 1875. PiQEOj^ DEpy^F^TF'EI^T" THE NATIONAL COLUMBARIAN SOCIETY'S SECOND ANNUAL EXHIBITION. The second annual exhibition of Pigeons, by the above society was opened to the public at the rooms of the Associa- ted Fanciers, No. 14 Murray Street, on the morning of Feb- ruary 25th, and continued until 10 p.m. of March 3d. The exhibition was well attended. There were in all 320 entries, FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE 1G7 consisting of Pouters, Carriers, Tumblera (Long and Short- faced), Barbs, Tiirbits, Swallows, Nuns, Antwerps, Fiintiiils, etc. The show of Pouters and Carriers was very line and highly creditable to- their owners. POUTKRS. The largest exhibition of Pouters was made by Mr. J. Yewdall, of Philadelphia, and to his birds wore awarded most of the first and special premiums ; as a collection they would be very hard to boat. Messrs. Scheld & Colell also exhibited some elegant specimens. CARRIERS. To the Carriers of Mr. P. C. Biegel were awarded the largest number of premiiijiis fur birds of their class, and one and all appeared in the best of condition and stylo as is customary wherever they are shown. Mr. J. Yewdall's specimens were very fine birds, unfortunately his finest pairs j had just gone to nest and were not in condition to exhibit. Messrs. Newell & SchucUman exhibited several beautiful specimens. A pair of Bagdad Carriers exhibited by Mr. L. Lobonstein, of Portland, Me., attracted considerable attention by their odd looks and color. The Homing Ant- werps owned and exhibited by Mr. John Van Opstal, with few exceptions, have all flown from Paris to Antwerp (216 miles), and numbers of them have accomplished much fur- ther distances. A very handsome pair of Yellow Berlin Tumblers and a pair of Cookers (so named from the resemblance of their cooing to the boiling of water) attracted much attention, and they are probably the only ones of their kind in this country, Mr. H. Colell is the fortunate owner of the above two en- tries. SHORT-FACED BALDHEAD TUMBLERS. Several pairs of Short-faced Baldhead Tumblers were exhibitbd by Mr. W. Simpson, Jr., West Farms, N. Y., and are the very best birds of their class in this country, the most beautiful specimens were a small Silver cock and a pair of Blacks. TANTAILS. The Yellow Fantails owned by Mr. P. Williams, of Taun- ton, Mass., unfortunately arrived too late to receive the premiums to which their beauty and style would have en- titled them. A special premium was awarded to a pair of Mottled Trumpeters owned by the same gentleman. A pair of White Fantails owned and exhibited by Mr. W. E. Shedd, of Waltham, Mass., attracted universal attention, and were not only well feathered in their tails, but were heavily booted and point crested. Mr. J. E. Spence, Broughty's Ferry, Scotland, sent an invoice of Carriers, Pouters, Fantails, and Barbs, but they arrived too late for competition. The judges were, Messrs. GiiJdes & Koons, of Baltimore, and their awards of the premiums have given universal satisfaction. SPECIALS. Pouters — Best Yellow cock or hen, winner, a cock, John Yewdall, Philadelphia. Best Red cock or hen, winner a cock, J. Yewdall. Best Blue cock or hen, winner, a cock, J. Yewdall. Best Yellow cock, J. Yewdall. Best Red cock, of 1874, C. Spic;, Williamslnirg. Best Yellow cock, of 1874, H. Colell, Williamsburg. PRKMIUMS. Cocks of any color. — ^Bhick, Ut, J. Yewdall ; Blue, 2d, J. Yewdall; Blue, 8d, A. Scheld, Brooklvn. Hens of any color. —Blue, 1st, A. Scheld ; Yellow, 2d, J. Yewdall ;" Black, 8d, A. Scheld. Very highly commended. Red cock, J. Yewdall: highly commended. Blue cock, H. Colell; commended. Blue cock, J. Yewdall. DIPLOMAS. Blue cock, J. Yewdall; Black cock, J. Yewdall ; Tellow cock, J. Yewdall ; Hi^d cock, J. Yewdall ; White cock, J. Y'cwdall ; most 1st prizes on Pouters, J. Yewdall. Carriers — Best old cock, P. C. Biegel; best old hen, J. Yewdall; best young cock, P. C. Biegel; best young hen, J. Yewdall; best Black cock, P. C. Biegel; best old Dun cock, P. C. Biegel ; best Black cock, P. C. Biegel. PREMIUMS. Cocks of any color— Ut, P. C. Biegel ; 2d, D. E. Newell ; 3d, P. C. Biegel ; very highly commended, P. C. Biegel. Hens of any color— Ut, J. Yewdall; 2d, P. C. Biegel ; 3d, P. C. Biegel. DIPLOMAS. Black cock, P. C. Biegel ; Blue cock, P. Schuckman ; White cock, John Pnar ; Red cock, John Paar ; pair Bag- dad Carriers, L. Lobonstein. PREMIUMS. Short-faced Almond TWmblers — Cocks, 1st and diploma, A. Scheld ; 2d, A. Scheld ; 3d, C. A. Eaton. Hens, 1st and diploma, A. Scheld; 2d, A. Scheld; 3d, C. A. Eaton. fiaris— Pairs, Black, 1st, A. Scheld ; White, 2d, H. Co- lell ; Red, 3d, A. Scheld. Black, A. Scheld; White, H. Colell; Red, A. Scheld; Dun, A. Scheld ; highly commended. White, D. E. Newell. PREMIUMS. African Owls — Pairs, 1st and diploma, Black, H. Colell ; 2nd and diploma. White, H. Colell ; 3d and diploma, Blue, L. Lobonstein. Short-faced Tumblers— Difloraa, pair of Splashes, Henry Hobs, Ridgewood, N. J. Berlin Tianblers — Special, H. Colell. Pairs of any color — 1st and diploma, Yellow, H. Colell ; 2d and diploma. Black, H. Colell ; 3d, Yellow, R. Plumke, Brooklyn. Trumpeters — Mottled, special and diploma, P. Williams, Taunton, Mass. Short-faced Baldhead Tumblers — Silver, 1st and diploma, W. Simpson, Jr. ; Blue, 2nd and diploma, W. Simpson, Jr.; Black, 3d and diploma, AV. Simpson, Jr. Long-faced Baldhead Tumblers — Black, 1st and diploma, W. Simpson, Jr.; Black, 2d, A. Scheld. i^oH^ni/s— While, l.'^t and diploma, W. E. Shedd; White with black wings, 2d, H. Colell ; Red, 3d, H. Colell ; Yel- low, diploma, H. Colell ; Blue, diploma, W. Simpson, Jr. Priests — Red, 1st and diploma, C. A. Eaton ; Spangled, 2d, L. Lobonstein. Turbii.f — Red AVin^ed, 1st and diploma, C. A. Eaton; Y'ellow, 2d, L. Lobonstein ; Blue, 3d, H. Colell. • Jacobins — Mottled, l.^tand diploma, R. F. Shannon, Pitts- burg; Y^ellow, 2d, A. Scheld ; Black, 3d, W. Simpson, Jr. Short-faced Beards — Blue, 1st and diploma, W. Simpson, Jr. Swallows — Y'ellow, 1st and diploma, C. Spies ; Red, 2d, C. A. Eaton ; Blue, 3d, C. A. Eaton. jWhs— Yellow, 1st and diploma, H. Colell ; Black, 2d, H. Colell; Yellow, 3d, A. Scheld. Maqpies — Y'ellow, 1st and diploma, H. Colell; Black, 2d, H. Colell; Yellow, 8d, A. Scheld. Short-faced Anlwerps — 1st and diploma, R F. Shannon. .Antwerps — 1st and diploma, John Van Opstal ; 2d, John Van Opstal ; 3d, John Van Opstal ; Special, R. F. Shannon. Jiunls — 1st and diploma, W. Simpsoo, Jr. ; 2d, C. A. Eaton. DIPLOMAS. I Pairs, Ruffled iloorheads, H. Colell ; Silver Baldhead While-barred Cookers, H. Colell ; Blue Archangels, H. Colell ; Stwbians, C. Spies. Pouters — Best Y'oUow^ hen, J. Yewdall ; best Red hen, i C. Spies; best Blue lien, A. Scheld; best Black hen, A. Scheld; best White hen, J. Y'ewdall. : Carriers— Bfit Black hen, J. Y'ewdall ; best Dun hen, P. C. Biegel; best Blue hen, P. Schuckman. 168 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i €^ ANCIBRS'^OURNAL AND 4^ OULTRY (|pXCHAN&E, -JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Peof. a. N. Rattb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Uorcli Niutli Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE-POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " IT. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign. Subscribers, add two cents per copy /or postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. A GREAT WESTERN POTJLTRT AND PET STOCK ASSOCIATION. By circulars received, and from our "Western exchanges and correspondents, we gather the facts that the fanciers of the great "West are fully alive to the advantages to be gained by a great "Western organization, and a meeting is called, to be held some time, during the coming spring, in the city of Chicago, when we have no doubt the organiza- tion will be successfully completed. Fanciers, like ourselves, who have been at all the American Poultry Association's meetings, at Buffalo, have noticed the almost entire absence of fanciers from the great "West. The fact of the matter is, our country is too large, and all fanciers cannot afford to travel a thousand miles and upwards; and it is very evident that one association will not answer for this great country. New England, also, is about to organize, and we se« no rea- son why the great "West should not follow, and also Penn- sylvania and Maryland, New York and New Jersey. Then let these associations send representatives to the American Poultry Association's meetings, once a year, which will obvi- ate the necessity of so many fanciers traveling long distances. "While at the Boston meeting, we somehow got the im- pression that the New England Association would be a rival to the American Poultry Association, but from information afterwards obtained there, and from our "Western corres- pondents, it would seem that these organizations will be thoroughly in accord with the A. P. A., and if controlled by wise councils, and kept within their legitimate sphere of usefulness, they will be properly supported and highly suc- cessful. "We have received No. 11, " Book of Pigeons," which, like its predecessors, contains two colored plates — the first one being Dragoons, blue. Silver, with brown bars, and Sil- ver, with black bars. The second plate contains two of the most beautiful varieties of pigeons we have yet seen, but we fear that, like the Satinettes and others of the German fan- cies, we shall see them in perfection on paper only. The two varieties named, are Black Capuchins, and Damascenes, the first of which appear to be about the size of an African Owl, and not unlike them in form, having a black body with white tail, and apparently a pearl eye, with a turn- crown or cap, but fitting very close to the back of the head. The Damascenes are a white, or nearly white bird, with black bars on the v^fings and tail, with a red or gravel eye, like an Owl, and a trifle larger than the Capuchins. The letter press concludes the description of the Almond, and contains the description of the Short-faced Mottles, Beards, and- Ealdhead Tumblers. . The deserved success which last year attended the pub- lication of the illustrated descriptive catalogue of pure-bred fancy fowls, by Mr. N. P. Atkinson, proprietor of Excelsior Poultry Yards, Erie, Pa., induced him to enter the field again this season with a similar work ; and we received a short time since a circular from the publisher, announcing that the new catalogue would surpa.5s the former in many respects, giving at the same time an outline of its contents, and describing its general appearance. "We did not antici- pate, however, that the new work would prove to be so useful or elegant as it actually is. A specimen copy is now before us. It contains fifty large pages (8 x 11 inches), printed in two colors, and is profusely illustrated with sev- enteen large cuts in the poultry department, and eighteen illustrations of different varieties of pigeons. It is neatly printed, on good paper, with an illuminated title page. This much for its appearance. Of the subject matter we can truthfully say that we have never seen more valuable information contained within the compass of as many pages. In the introductory the publisher lays no claim to origin- ality, but the most superficial reader will at once perceive that the labor of compilation has been great, and that the art of giving in a condensed form the substance of a variety of opinions culled from the best authorities, is signally man- ifested in the production of the second edition of the Illus- trated Descriptive Catalogue. This is observable in the Practical Hints, and other departments, but more especially in the elaborate treatise on diseases, which, for minuteness of detail, evincing thoroughness of research, cannot be sur- passed. It is, in fact, a complete resume of all the known methods of treatment of diseases which have been published by any author of repute on this subject. This of itself is worth more to the keeper of poultry than double the price of the work ; and when to it is added the fact that the cat- alogue contains other valuable information in regard to the care of poultry and pet stock, we feel certain that we are justified in saying that the publisher has done himself credit, and the fraternity a great favor, in its publication. CoF^F^ESpOfJDEfJCE. correction. Friend "Wade : I see by your publication of February 25th, an obituary notice of John Scofield, the Hamburg fancier. It is a mistake. I am happy to inform you that I am very well at present. Your remarks are correct in reference to seeing me about the Hamburg class, at the State Society, as of old, if the Executive Committee persist in keeping that class in the darkest part of the room. I hope to live to see the Centennial, and send my poultry there, and to Buffalo, next year. Yours respectfully, John Scopield. 71st aud Dakby Koad, Philadelphia, March 6th, 1875. [We were most agreeably surprised to receive the above correction, as we had the rumor from several parties, but it appears that it referred to another John Scofield and not the " Hamburg fancier." — Ed.] W. v. KETOHUll's inquiry ANSWERED. Mr. Editor : In answer to "W. V. Ketchum, in reference to his terrier, it is evidentthat she is suffering from indigestion. Change FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 169 the diet — instead of keeping her in-doors nnd feeding her on nick-nacks, keep her out in tho open air; but give her a comfortable place to protect herself from inclement weather and to sleep, nnd give her plain corn bread or mush for a general diet. Occasionally give her well- cooked meat, but never overfeed her. Should she refuse to cat such food as desired, abstinence will soon prepare her appetite for any kind of food. Bitches are nine days in coming in bent, nine days in heat, and go nine weeks from the time they first take the dog willingly to delivery. James S. Bailky, M.D. MAINE POULTRY ASSOCIATION KXHIBITION FIXED. Jos. M. Wadk, Esq. Deau Sir: At a meeting held February 16th, it was voted to hold our ne.xt exhibition in this city, from January 20th to 2eth, 1876, inclusive, and that all birds exhibited should be shown in pairs, instead of trios, as heretofore. Yours respectfully, Portland March 12, 1875. Chaelks A. Eaton. centennial. Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir : In looking over the Journal, dated March 4th, I noticed a communication from Mr. Van Opstal, on the advisability of a flying match at the Centennial. Now, if wo wish such a match (and all owners and breeders of flying stock should), we shall have to depend entirely upon our own eftbrts, and not on the help of the American Gov- ernment. This sport is only admired by a comparatively few in this country, and is not a national sport, as it is in Belgium, therefore the Government would not help us in the least. If a purse could be made up, say ten dollars for each bird entered, we should be much more likely to ad- vance our end than to depend on the Government. If all tho fanciers of tins amusement would advance their ideas, and make suggestions, I doubt not that some plan would be hit upon that would fully cover the ground. Yours truly, J. H. F. AND YOUNG FOLK'S CORNER. 43^ All coraraiinicntious and contrilnitiona intended for this depart- ment should be addressed to HOWARD I. IRELAND, Concordville, Delaware Co., Pa. SMALL PETS AT BUFFALO. The display of small pets at tho BuSalo show was one of tho features that insured a fair portion of its success, and to their attraction may properly be credited a good many vis- itors. We deem the key to success, as far as good atten- dance of spectators is concerned, in all of our poultry exhibi- tions, to be mainly attributed to an interestingdisplay of small pets. It is these that bring out the ladies and children, and were wo to depend upon fanciers alone, the visitors would indeed be limited; for we all know there are, in large cities, not fanciers enough to justify depending upon their visits to the shows to swell to any great degree the receipts for admittance; therefore, it should be the aim of all the societies to make this branch of our exhibitions as novel and interesting as possible by encouraging a good display of small pets. "While at Buflalo, we enjoyed and tarried long around and among the attractive little pets. "We noticed the ladies gazed mechanically at the majestic Brahmas, cast a aide glance at the stately Cochins, paused before the royal Houdans and Polish ; but when the long rows of Bantama were reached, their eyes lit up nnd fairly danced with real joy, and they seemed to admire them with as much apparent relish, as a genuine fancier would a nin.;ty-six point Brah- ma. Down stairs it was the same, the enthusiasm of the ladies was unrestrained. The pigeons were "grand!" " splen- didl" "beauties!" "dear sweet creatures!" and so were the rabbits, squirrels, and Guinea pigs; and one richly- dressed lady actually talked baby-talk to Mr. Atkinson's Black Jacobins. The ferrets were gazed at from a distance; Mr. Reinhardt exhibited nineteen ferrets, some of which were choice specimens, including the English Fitch ferret which are readily domesticated, and are easily taught to hunt rabbits ; their fur is valuable. His " Africans " are a din- gy, yellowish-white, with pale, pinkish, albino eyes, and were very tame, so that they are easily handled, and he put his finger in their mouths with impunity. The polecat va- riety is quite the reverse, being as savage as the game cock that spurted Mayor Ross' Pile-Game, and no doubt they should be, for it seems their nature to be strong. "When we saw them enjoy themselves at feeding-time, endeavoring to chew each others noses off, how long the " gay and festive " sport might have continued would have been a conundrum, had they not been persuaded, with a stout oak stick, that it was time to adjourn sport for their dinner. Among the rabbits we noticed a black lop-eared, also a maltcse, a fawn and white one; there were also Angoras and common white rabbits. The lops reminded us of the son of Erin who saw them for the first time at one of the New England shows ; motioning to his comrade to look at them, he said, " By rae sowl, Pat what the divil is thot ? " " Och, ye granny, Mickey can't yces say yersilf what it is? Sure an its a young jack- ass," " By the powers he is more sinsible than the old craj'- thur hisself, for he is after kaping his ears where it is warrum and is not a sticken of um up to get friz — a sensible bird that." The display of squirrels by Mr. C. G. Irish was decidedly interesting, and we think includes nearly, if notall the va- rieties ; very fine lohile specimens presented him by Mr. Stone, of Ohio, who captured them from a black squirrel's nest; they are supposed to be albinos, but have distinct, clear, black eyes. European 6ra>/ came from Canada, in general characteristics are similar to the common gray ex- cepting they have black noses and pmcs, and are more read- ily tamed. Fox- squirrels are from Lake Superior, are fine specimens of the variety; one is as tame as a kitten, and seems to enjoy being petted, the other utterly refusing any attempt at familiarity whatever, and is as wild as when first captured. Naitve Grai/s ^f^om Seneca County, N. Y.) per- fectly gentle, and spriglitly as a squirrel. Silrer Grai/s were excellent specimens, very showy tails, more bushy than the common gray, and their oars are ic/iien be satisfactory. Again, good Almonds are so scarce that there is very seldom in the whole, fancy a very first-class cock and hen which will match in the pen. And so the argument could be continued for a hundred columns in favor of the single bird system ; but I will add another reason. It often happens that the most ardent breeder and fancier will have, as the result of years of study and trouble, only one really grand specimen. The pair system condemns such a bird to stay at home, or to be beaten by two birds of which the former single bird is worth a thousand, or in other cases causes a successful breeder to borrow from some one a bird to exhibit with his own to make a pair. Pardon me for referring to my own birds, but as I can thus point the argument, I will do so with your permission. Of the seven young Barbs which I won with at the diflerent leading shows in England in 1874 there cannot be made up a pair to match in the pen, and I am perfectly satisfied that although these birds have won at the Crystal Palace, Manchester, etc., on the single bird system, if the pair system had prevailed here every one of the above birds would have been beaten by birds of not one-tenth their value. Another thing is required to make a fair and proper show, viz.: for each breed there should be supplied by the committee pens exactly uniform in size and make, and eac/i bh-d to be shown at an equal height from the floor. 3. The tables on which the pigeon pens are put should be four feet high and of the same height throughout. No judge can discriminate fairly birds which are shown on different levels. 4. Young bird classes for birds bred in 1876 should also be provided, on the single bird system, for Carriers, Pouters, Barbs, Short-faced Tumblers, Almonds, Kites or Agates, Baldheada, English Owls, and another class for any other variety bred in that year. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 179 Of coiirsG, it might be ndvisablo to oxtoiid or ciirtiiil the indeed iit first I was pu7.z1ed to know whieh side of the quci- nbovo number of classes for young birds, but young bird lion " Koso Comb " had espoused ; but, as he is a breeder of classes should be insisted on fur nil shows for Carriers, the modern Game, and acknowledges their non-conilmlive Barbs, and English Owls. Otherwise, on account of the 1 disposition — in fact, suggests that what little pugiiaoily they time usually required for development in these breeds, the now possess should be bred out entirely — I therefore accept show will furnish no criterion of what breeders are doing I him as my colleague in the controversy, and, while I cor- in these varieties, as it would bo foolish to show young and dially agree with him in the main when he says, " 1 have old birds in the same class. Yours truly, I found the disposition to lighting a good deal less than in John H. Oryer. SOUTHPOKT, ENiiLANn, Fcb. 27, IH7,'). A CLIMBER. birds bred ten or twelve years ago," allow mo to make tho addenda that he will find the disposition to run away a good deal more. But there is one point on which my friend " Ko.sc Comb" must permit me to difl'er; he says, " Let us aim for a hand- The following strange occurcMue did not come under our ^^^^_ well-shapen, heavy, vigorous bird; bred to feather personal observation, but is undoubtedly true. On Wednesday , ^^^ f^_.^_ ^^.^,^„,_^ any regard to getting more pluck than in last, some domestic fowls belonging to a gentleman near tho ^ jj^,„^„,g ^^ Dorking." Now, I will not go yuu'e that porner of Miner Avenue and Gnlifornia Street were driven -„, . , , „.,_ „„,i, n „ i, i j.. t i-.n n i. • lar ; let our modern Uame cock nave just a little light in by the iii'rli water from the house in which they were kept, . •„ ,„ ,„„ „ ,, ,,, „ „„., i,„„,.. . r _ . , <•„_ . ,. u ■' ^ him, only lor selj-defense you know ; lor, just fancy, Kose and forced to seek shelter in tho branches of a tall oak near ' /-, v d ij--i.iv,- a v- j < -i Comb " or myself might be showing our modern bird to ad- Ihe premises. The fowls consisted of some dozen or morel ■•„„ ,„,, , ,„ ; .• r.: i i, . • , •^ miring and apprecuitive friends, when, at an inopportune hons that belonged to tho barem of a gallant rooster full of I „ ' » „ « i <• - <> i - ui j = =^ ' moment, a savage Brahma, a ferocious Cochin, or a blood- years and honor. This leader of tho flock, after they had i ^i - , u . " . ■ i •' thirstv Bantam puts in an appearance, and away goes our been several hours in the tree, evidently became tired of the ! „ j " o . -.u i • <- .u -iiri » i i r ' •' I modern Game With his cow feathers up. What a deal of monotony of gazing upon the dreary e.xpanse of water, and , n -n u . u j- .u . j •' = ° ' ., i talk will be necessary to show our audience that our modern conceived tho idea (if roosters have ideas) of changing his , . . ^ i , ,- i . ^ . ,, = => cock IS not expected to fight, quarters and inducing his tribe to follow him. He discov ered a little knoll of dry land about fifty yards distant, and for this he flew, reaching it in safety. The hens, however, did not dare to follow, and like Officer Wells on Banner Is- land, ho was "alone in his glory." Ho became nervous and homesick and mad, but he bravely stood to his post and kept a wistful eye upon his dozen better halves in the tree. As evening approched he wished himself back in the bosom of his family, but how to get there was the question, for he couldn't Hy up at an angle of forty-five degrees, and had never learned to swim. Finally, after being abused by a lot of ducks that were swimming all around him, he got desperate, went down to tho water's edge and plunged boldly in. Ho struck out for the tree and swam to it with as little effort as a frog. Reaching the tree, the next thing was to i get into its branches, for he was too wet to fly, and tho | nearest limb was fifteen feet above him. In his emergency he commenced to climb, and with his bill and toes actually did climb tho fifteen feet, and in five minutes was in the top , branches. Happing his wings and crowing at the ducks, which became disgusted, and started home. Such is the tale, and j not one-fourth of which would we believe were it told by i any man except Joe Long. He is the living witness of the ^ jone by a little effort), we will gladly increase the size o'f fact, and, like George Washington, ho never told a lie — ; our paper. — Ed.] that we know of. What he might do or say for an entire ; And now a word as to the nomenclature of this nondescript bird. Prom the foregoing it must be patent to all that the term game could only be used as a burlesque; but the fowl must have a name, we cannot exhibit him without one. There is a sort of mock ordnance, made of wood, painted black, and fashioned to simulate real cannon. They are sometimes mounted on fortifications and ships in the absenco of the genuine article. They are arc intended to look war- like, and thus intimidate by the deception. Among military men they are called "Quaker guns," because they tcill not fight. Now, as my friend " Kose Comb's " bird is only to look like a fighting cock, but is not to strike back when he is hit, I would meekly suggest the " Quaker Game " as the name he shall in future be known by. With these remarks I shall turn "Game Hen " over to my coadjutor, " Rose Comb," feeling satisfied that the hit- ter's article will convince her, him, or anybody else that the modern Game is a "dunghill," and that R. C. knows it. Game Cock. [This article, with nianj' others, has been crowded out of our columns for some weeks. If the friends of the Journal will each send an additional subscriber (which can be easily hen-roost matters not, but it is certain he could not be in- duced to prevaricate for one rooster — not for Joseph ; no, not much. — Stockton Independent. SAGACITY OF FOWLS. {For Fjincior.'^' Journal. 1 THE MODERN GAME COCK. Dear Sir : I propose to fill a little nook in your vnlu- ! able paper by relating the following incident: A rev- erend, friend of mine is remarkably fond of pets and espe- ' cially so of fine poultry, of which he has a number. Many an hour of relaxation from study is spent in petting his In your issue of January 2Sth, I noticed a response by chicks ; and so tame and docile have they become, that they " Game Hen,'' to my article on tho modern English Game will follow him around his promises like a dog, and will cock, and I had decided to answer some of his remarks, come to him when called by name quite as readily — for, like when lo! 1 find another " Richmond in tho field," under ; our pedigree friends, ho has given them each a name. One the nam rfe plume of " Rose Comb," who also ventilates his ' warm day, last summer, whilst my friend was sitting in his views on the subject. ' study, deeply absorbed in the preparation of his sermon for As the matter now stands, it is a sort of a triangular fight ; | the Sabbath, he felt something pulling at his leg, and look- IBO FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. ing down discovered one of his barnyard pets tugging with her bealc at his pant legs. Not wishing to he disturbed just then he drove her away, but she pretty soon returned again, this time bringing a companion with her, and they both began to pull at his legs. This importunity was too much for my friend, and laying down his pen and looking at his watch, he perceived it was past their usual hour for being fed. Guessing what they wanted, he made his way to the barn, followed by his pets, when they were well fed ; and now having accomplished what they wanted by going to their master's study, they were satisfied, and allowed our friend to complete his sermon without any further interrup- tion from them. What eifect this digression had upon the sermon we are not advised. We know, however, that he thinks more of his pets than ever, and when among his brother fanciers he tells his chicken story with great delight and humor; and we are inclined to believe that if some others of our clerical friends loved pets they would make all the better pastors. Yours truly, Davenpoet, Iowa, February 25, 1875. il- ^- S. ONE BAG TOO MANY. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir; Upon reading the report of the doings of the American Poultry Association, at their second meeting, just past, at Buffalo, I find what I consider one bag too many. 1 refer to the report of the Committee on Judges. Said report was rendered in the form of a resolution, and adopted by the Convention of the A. P. A., and I am hon- est to confess that if they do not take some measure to annul that vote, and throw off the bag containing the resolution aforesaid, in relation to judges and judging, it will prove the " extra ounce," as far as they are concerned. I think their worthy President was right when he recom- mended them to " move slow and cautiously in permitting ourselves to consider and legislate upon matters that may have a tendency to divert us from the American Standard of Excellence, which I believe to be the prime object for which the Association was organized." If they will give the country a good book, with an alpha- betical index, at a fair price, that fairly represents the various thoroughbred fowls of the day, and not assume to do what they never can (judge all the exhibitions in Amer- ica), they will have something to be proud of; but I say again, that that pet chicken of this article (a cross between a Light Brahma, a Pea-comb Partridge Cochin, and an aged goose) of itself, is suflBcient to kill even so mighty an association as the American Poultry Association. Yours respectfully, A Member. Mr. Editor: I haint wery good at spinnin yarns nor writin fur a noos- paper, but I jest want tew say that I hev bin in the chick'n bizness ever sense I wur nee-high to a grasshopper, an hev red about all the noospapers that hev bin printed; an, ionor bright, I like yourn the best uv all. Now, I haint tryin to soft soap yer — not a bit uv it. I jest want tow tell yer a leetle story. Last Friday I went over ter John Smith's store (which is the post-orfioe) tew git my "jernal." I kinder thot some on the boys might be loafin roun there, and sure nufF thar was Deacon H., Squire B., Capen T., Kurnell S., Parson p., an harf a dozen more. I jest noed what they was waitin fur, an when I got my "jernal " they all crowded roun me, an Squire B. sez, " Bead it out loud, Pete." You see they are all too pesky mean ter buy ther own readin mat- ter, but will lissen tew me ef I'll read mine. When I red about them are Game chickens what had gold-banded legs, Deacon H. sed, " Thar owner must hev a gold mine, or else he wur some relashun tew the Eothchilds or Girards." An when I red about that swindler, Squire B. remark'd, " that he was as bad as a feller that he sent 50 cents tew fur a re- ceit tew make hens lay ; an the feller rote back an tole him to hit em a well-derectod blow on the hed, an he'd warrant em to lay forever." Fur the space ov harf a minit arter I hed red that story about that Black Spanish hen that hed laid evry day fur nine months, yer could heerd a pin drap. Then Cap. T. sed she wer a wery wakiable hen, but " Old Grimes " hed a hen that could beat her. As Cap. is some on making poetry, I tole him ef he'd make a werse about " Old Grimes's hen," I'd send it to you. Arter he'd spilte harf a quire uv foolscap he handed me the foUowin lines : " Oil ! somebody stole Old Grimes' hen ; they'd better left her be, For evry day she laid two eggs, an Sunday she laid three." Parson P. sed, That beats that other "Mann's" hen all holler. Kurnel S. sed that when ho was a boy their folks hed an old yaller hen that hed done the best layin for a short period uv her existence that he ever heerd tell on. " Yer see," sed the Kernel, "my brother Sam was a natral genus, and war alius tryin to inwent some way to make the hens lay ; an one day he rigged a mashine that did the thing up brown. It war nothin mor or less then a hen's nest with a false bottom. When the hen got on that ere nest an laid, the egg dropt through inter a basket. Arter Sam got the thing all fixed he put it inter the hen house an stood outside and peeped through a crack to see the thing work. The first hen that went on tew it' war this old yal- ler hen. Sam sed arter she'd laid she got up an commenced to cackle, but happinen ter look down she didn't see noth- in but the nest egg. Thinkin she'd made a mistake, she shut up her noise an set down agin an laid anuther egg. This time she got up an looked afore she begun ter cackle, but the egg had gone through same as the other one. Sam sed the old hen looked mad, and sot down agin an laid anuther — but no go, it warn't thar. Arter she'd laid harf a dozin Sam went tarin inter the house yellin ' hoora ! that beats Burnham,' and writ out an application fur a patent, an saddled the old sorrel mare, an went gallopin orf tew the post-orfice, over tew Goosetown, 10 miles oph. About sunset he came back and asked me ter help him gather the eggs. " Well, gentlemen," sed the Kernel, " we took out six dozen hard-shelled eggs which that old yaller hen hed laid that afternoon. I told Sam I thought we orter take the old hen oph and give her some corn and put her on the roost till mornin. " Agreed," said Sam, but when we come ter look fur hur, all we could find was her hill an claws, and a few feathers. " The fact is, gentlemen," sed the Kernel, " the old hen laid herself all away." " Did Sam get a pat- ent,"-asked Parson P. "No," sez the Kernel, " the Pat- ent Orfice man sed they darsent guv him one, as they was afeerd it wood exterminate the hull feathered tribe on the face of the earth, an besides the supply uv eggs wood hev exceeded ther demand." Yours feelinly. Pete Smiley. JB^° A painted sign on an eating-house on the New Jer- sey Kailroad reads; "Coffee and eggs fresh laid by Mary Jones." TANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 181 POSTPONEMENT OF THE BANTAM SHOW. KmroR PANcricRs' Jouunal. As tlioro scoiTis to bo soino iiiisuntlorstanding in regard to the abovd, judging from tlic lotters of inquiry received from our friends, the officers of the E. C. P. A. deem it right to give a statement of the facts relative to tlio postponement of the said sliow. Shortly after tlio Niilinnal (lolunibarian Society in Jan- uary decided to liavo a show in tiiis city, it was suggested by way of novelty to hold a Bantam show in connection with them. Acting on this suggestion, the members of the R. C. P. A. at once contributed funds sufficient to cover all necessary expenses, offering a very liberal premium list for every variety of Bantam. " All went merry as a marriage-bell," until the Executive Clommitlee of the Columbarinn Society found that they were unable to procure a suitable Hall. This fact they communi- cated to the Committee of the E. C. P. A. about the middle of February, and they in turn tried with no better success, being refused saveral vacant Broadway stores which they had counted on getting as a last resort. It was then con- .'iiderod best for the intending exhibitors, to postpone the show rather than take the risk of getting a place at the last moment, probably destitute of healing apparatus and gas. Meanwhile entries poured in from all parts of the coun- try to the number of 250. Exhibitors were at once notified and their moneys returned with an explanation of the case. The Association has since paid all bills for advertising, printing, etc., and is in a prosperous condition. While thanking exhibitors for their generous support to the intended show, we beg to assure them that no one can be more sorry than we are ourselves. In the words of Burns wo have experienced that "The best laid schemes o' mice and men Gang aft a-gley; And leave us nought but grief and pain For promised joy." Taught by the present, another season will find us pre- pared with a suitable hall before we issue our notices, and with the same warm support which characterized our first attempt, we will hold an exhibition of all classes of poultry worthy of the E. C. P. A. G. A. C. New Yokk, March 17, 1875. Corresponding Secretary. ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ONTARIO POUL- TRY SOCIETY. The annual meeting of the above Society was held in the Royal Hotel, March 4, 1875, at which there was a very full attendance of Canadian fanciers. Rev. W. F. Clarke, President of the Society, occupied the chair, who in a short speech complimented the Associa- tion upon the success of the show, and expressed a hope that in another year they would receive some assistance from Government, as all otlier associations of a similar charac- ter do. The question of amalgamation with the Toronto Poultry Association was next taken up. Several gentlemen spoke on the subject, from which it seemed that the Toronto Society were willing to amalgamate provided their name were assumed, and the principal otfices filled by them. That a defunct society, as the Toronto one virtually is, should seek to bring a live society to such terms was rather an anomaly. It was finally decided to ignore the existence of the Toronto Society altogether, and the matter was dropped. As to the show hcing hold in Toronto, it was held that no consideration should bo given lo her claim at all. Only one gentleman from there had seen flt to exhibit. The election of officers for the ensuing year was then pro- ceeded with. The following is the result : President — E. Morris, Guelph. First Vice-President— James Goldie, Guelph. Second Vice-President — D. Allen, Gait. Secretary and Treasurer — George Murton, Guelph. Executive Committee — The President, Vice-Presidents, Secretary, and Messrs. Sturdy of Guelph, Jarvis of London, Aldouso of Berlin, Tliomas of Brooklin, and Kev. W. F. Clarke. On motion made and seconded, Messrs. Gale and Fraser, of Quebec, were unanimously admitted as honorary members of the Society, which compliment was duly acknowledged by these gentlemen, Mr. Jarvis moved, seconded by Mr. Butterfield, that a vote of thanks be tendered to the retiring President. Car- ried. Mr. Clarke acknowledged the compliment in a few ap- propriate remarks. It was then decided to hold the next show at Guelph, on the first week of March, 1876. The membership fee was changed to SI, the member's ticket to admit the member and his wife. Moved by Mr. Thomas, seconded by Mr. Sturdy, that in no case shall any entries afti'r the time fixed by the Execu- tive Committee for receiving the same be made, unless an extra charge of 50 cents be paid. The meeting then adjourned. THE ANNUAL SUPPER OF THE NEW ENGLAND POULTRY CLUB. The eleventh annunl supper of the club was given at the Lincoln House, March 3, 1875. The company took seats at the tables at half-past eight o'clock. After supper the President of the club, Mr. A. D. Warren, of this city, called the assemblage to order, and in a few remarks welcomed the gentlemen from abroad to the annual supper. Ho said that never at a similar gathering of the club had there been so small an attendance of local people, or so large a party of strangers, and we have never had at an annual exhibition so small a number of entries, but the superior quality of those wo have makes up for the deficienev in numbers. Ho regretted the absence of several of the older members of the club, but the severe snow storm would account for their not being present. Mr. Henry Woodward, of Worcester, being called upon, said that there had been an unusual growth of popular favor in behalf of our favored pets. He spoke briefly of the difl'er- cnt breeds of fowls, and said that the gentlemen who raises fowls for profit should decide what he wishes to raise and then breed accordingly, the same as stock raisers do. Mr. Philander Williams, of Taunton, being called upon, spoke of the improvements which have been made in fowl breeding during the past ten years. We raise fowls for two reasons; one is, they are great pets, and the other is, for pecuniary gain. We spend a great deal of time and money in propagating this kind of stock, and it is to be hoped that the public profit by our experiments. He said a good word 183 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. for the poultry papers, and hoped that every man who raised hut ten chickens a year would contribute a dollar to their support. Referring to these festive gatherings, he thought the results attained by such meeting were all for the best interests of the poultry breeders, and hoped they would be continued. Murk Pitman, of North Beverly, Mass. , made some humor- ous remarks, which caused much merriment and were re- peatedly applauded. A. T. Stevens, of Natick, said he was much interested in the poultry business, and ever since he had been connected with poultry associations he had seen none better than the old New England Poultry Club. It was the parent stock from which all the other societies had sprung. ' These meet- ings call together gentlemen of standing and culture, and among them are many who can give some new information in poultry matters every time we meet together. We always find that the persons who have a great love for pets are among the kindest and best people we have among us. Mr. H. T. Sperry, of Hartford, Conn., complimented the club on its remarkable list of first class entries at its present exhibition, although the number is small. He then made some humorous remarks and closed by reading the following original poem on AK AMPHIBIOUS BIRD ; OR, A NONDESCRIPT CHICKEN. Hatched in an incubator at the seaside. Exhibited by the White Poland man (H. T. Sperry) at the annual supper of the New England Poultry Club, in Worcester, March 3d. I respond to your call, " Al. Warren, my boy," You're the skipper to night, whose cry, " ship ahoy I " Puts the rudders hard down, in the midst of our sports, And your Mates into line to present their reports. It's a year since we parted, a year that our sails Have been filled with propitious or dead-ahead gales ; Many races we've sailed, and some prizes we've lost. But we purchased the winners regardless of cost.i At every regatta — exhibition I mean. The pennants of some of the fleet have been seen ; At old Portland and Boston the courses were rough. But at Buftalo, Warren, alone, cried " Enough. "^ And at Bristol, Northampton, Athol and the rest. All the sails were unbent, every ship did its best ; But your log-man, grown weary, had gone to his roost. And so failed to record all the vessels that cruised. Your log-keeper's great weakness? Ah well ! what's the The best sailor among you, will at times get obtuse, [use? Forgive him then, boys, he did the best that he could. And took care of himself, as a White Poland should. He sailed with sealed orders, over tracks old and new. Kept a look-out as he could, for what came in view ; Took its shape and its bearings — the style of its crew — And noted the soundings he is giving to you. At Boston, Philander walked the quarter deck well, Bore himself as he should, till he reached his hotel ;5 And Hudson, who lately has come to his rowels, Was flush, I am told, with the Parker House towels.* And Bestor ? Ah well ! what shall be said of him here? The bold skipper, whose fittings are minus the gear That is needed at night, when the crew goes below. And canvas is called for to protect from a blow.* * The habit some exhibitors have of buying up premium birds. '^ Warren took every premium in his class ottered at the BuSalo Ex- hibition. ' A joke, appreciated by those who understand it. * Lately elected Col. ot the 1st Conn. Regiment; had his Ulster pockets filled with Parker House towels during the Boston Exhibition. ' Forgot his night apparel when he went to the Boston Exhibition. When young Conant and Fox, those two frolicsome boys, Asked their Portland commander to quiet the Noyes, He issued his orders to the watch of the night, Had the decks cleared of strangers, the hatches closed tight." On Providence Bay, Peckham's cry was, " What cheer? " When Bullock and Bateman gave reply never fear ! The White Poland man and i?hilander will wade. Through the surf of rich fun, till their white roses fade.' When the Bufl^alo zephyrs gave zest and a vim To the National race ; skipper Sweet had to swim. Buoyed up with new Standards, through breakers of care, To that high post of honor — the commander's soft chair,B At Hartford, Old Hartford, where the Nutmeggers true. Built a royal corvette, and shipped for her crew Such sailors as Harbison, Woodward and Brewer, Chapin, Plaisted and Merritt, and then to make sure That the ship was well manned, added Jewell and Hart, Pitkin, Bradley and Whitney and then, ere the start. Booked Lockwood and Tifl"any, and others of note, — Whom your log-keeper missed though they all were afloat. Well at Hartford — the race fall of fun to the last — Kept Gilman at work ; to the dark hospital cast Skipper Dustin and others ; and Sperr}' once more. Begged his mates and his sailors to set him ashore.' And there's Estes and Bacheller, Stoddard and Wade,'" Whose Barges, though intended for traiflc and trade. Swing at anchor as light-ships, — make light the dark tide. And many a novice to safe harborage guide. And the "Fleet Surgeon" Loring, whom we love and revere, Miss to night from our mess, and all wish he were here; Sailed defiantly seaward and withstood the rough shock, That his gallant ship felt, when it struck Plymouth Eock." The" Fleet Chaplain " Bolton, full of love as of life. Keeps his decks cleared for action — guns shotted for strife, That environs the judging of humbugs and frauds ; And never backs water, while his conscience applauds.'^ There's a jolly short brig that goes scudding around. Out and in 'mong the fleet, where contentions abound ; Loaded down with good-feeling, and kind words that bless, And that jolly short brig is Mark (ed) Pitman, I guess." The Mitchell and Johnson I salute as I pass, And make out their bearings without using a glass ; Though they're both Royal Liners, they're never afraid. To throw over a line when you're needing their aid." There are monitors three, which go blazing away. From morning till midnight, and the first is Kiday, Who will never let up while your ship is in sight. Unless his powder gives out, or he's docked snug and tight. The second is Rogers, the game bantam of all, Who is sure to be heard when the prizes you call ; The other is Kifhiej', and you know very well The hot shot that he fires, are the sharp-pointed shell. There's the Bacon and Chamberlain some call them the twins, And the tall-masted Felch, whose pennant oft wins ; The staunch and trim Buzzell, the slow, cautious Ball, And lots of other fine ships whose names I can't call. One ship I steered clear of, but finally spoke, She looks as she sails to be built of live-oak. But she's made up of pine, and the judges will learn Her paint washes oflF when thej' rub down her stern. is ■^ The crowd was so great at the Portland Exhibition that the sale of tickets was stopped several times. ^ At the Providence supper the Mass. and Conn. Presidents were pre- sented with baskets of flowers. ^ Elected President of the American National Society. ^ Second resignation as President of the Conn. Society. ^^ Editors of Poultry Journals. ^' Dr. George B. Loring, bred and became disgusted with the Plymouth Rocks. ^"^ Rev. C. W. Bolton had a lively time judging Hamburgs at the Conn. Exhibition. " Noted for his aptitude at smoothing over disagreements. " Noted for their liberality in oifering special premiums. " A few hours before this was read two Dark Brahma cocks were found by the judges at the Worcester show with colored tail feathers. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 183 There are pirates afloat, low, mean looking craft, With wliilo flags at llio peak, and dead-beats standing abiift ; Their cargoes are eggs, steamed, or pricked at the end, And " prize birds," whoso progeny to dunghills descend. '» Stear clear of their " Ads," they're a cost line of lies, — And never permit them to compete for a prize; Give them all a wide berth, or your rules bring to bear. And blow them to Hades, minus clergy and prayer. ****** Well, the log-book is full of such jottings as these : Taken down as I sailed up and down the high seas ; And although 1 might claim I have kept back the best. You would stop mo by saying, "Please give us a rest." And "a rest" you shall have, but first let mo recite. The rare pleasure wo And, on returning to night. To mess on the Worcester, with Al. Warren and crew — Meet again our old shipmates — old friendships renew. There's a joy we wild rovers find here at our side. That we've missed as wu'vo drifted abo.ut on the tide ; Here S(teward) Balcom appears at his best, a cock. Ably sustained by mates Lincoln and Estabrook. And the crew is made up of the grave and the merry. Such men as your Pierce, Wheeler, Lawrence, and Verry ; Your Knowlton and Bisco, Stevens, Aldrieh, and Dart, Whom to meet, is to cheer and encourage the heart. So we took aboard ballast when we got your " invite," And spread all our canvas to be with you to night; Por wo find, as I say, solid pleasure and joy, Wben we sit at your mess—" Al. Warren, my boy." And the joy and the pleasure we find with you here. Is marred only by thoughts of the parting so near ; When we swing up the anchors — the hawsers all loose. And bear seaward again on life's earnest cruise. But the cruise, skipper Warren, is a short one at best — There are seas of rough turmoil, — there are havens of rest, There are nights when the star-light makes the course clear to all, There are days when the fog settles down like a pall. Let us sail as a fleet, then, keep each other in sight. Send a light to the fore, when we come to the night ; Give cheers to the weary, — man the life-saving raft. And steer straight and boldly to each foundering craft The log is not finished — but hero's a feminine crew Impatiently waiting for me to get through. So I'll close with this wish, — " Al. Warren, my bo; Ood give you safe passage to the Home-Port of joy Clay, and Cryer. The competition was very cloae — so much so, indeed, that the judges were unable to decide to which to give the preference, and eventually csoaijed from their diffieulties by dividing the honors equally between Mr. Clay's Black cock and J[»jor Crycr's Black hen, both magnificent birds. In Almonds there was butonccompctitor( Mr. Taylor), but he is a host in himself. The prize was given to a hen, capital in head, beak, and carriage; but, being only a bird of last year, was to young to show much color. Fantails were good, the prize going to Mr. Loversidge, of Newark. Jacobins were a large class; Mr. Koyds exhibited a number from his justly-celebrated stud, and added another to his long list of victories. The same gentleman read a paper on his favorite variety, which, in addition to much that is new and original, contained quotations bearing on and illustra- ting the subject from a number of ancient and modern au- thorities. During the evening a discussion on the desirability of promoting an association of a national character took place. It was considered that'the objects to be obtained thereby were at once numerous and important. One advantage in particular anticipated would be the facilities it would offer for the consideration and possible settlement, by the numer- ous influential and experienced authorities who would be brought together, of many points at present undefined and vague — amongst others, the universal recognition of a stand- ard of excellence for many varieties of birds, concerning whose properties at present much diversity of opinion exists. Should the eft'ort be reciprocated by kindred societies, the attainment of what appears a desirable object would not be difficult. At the ne.xt gathering of the society Mr. Pinder has promised to expatiate upon the Turbit, a variety which he has bred for many years, and upon which we can have no better authority. Mr. E. E. M. Royds, the President, then read the follow- ing highly interesting paper on the PiqEO[^ Dej=/^f^j|vie[^-j-. NORTHERN COUNTIES (ENGLAND) COLTJM- BARIAN SOCIETY. , The usual monthly nu-ctiiiij; of this society was hold on Monday, the 15lh of February, at Manchester, England, and was attended by a large number of good sound fanciers. The varieties which, in accordance with the plan laid down, competed for prizes wore Black Carriers, Almond Tumblers, Fantails, and Jacobins. Carriers were well rep After having held the very honorable post to which I have been elected three times, namely, that of President to tho resented; the principal exhibitors were Messrs. Garside, Hill, Northern Counties Columbarian Society, I think it only 184 FANOIEES' JOUEJSfAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. right and becoming my office to give you a brief address, and therein describe, as is always done by the President, some variety of pigeon. Doubtless you are all aware my only hobby for some lime has been the Jacobin. Since the yea.T when I was so suc- cessful at Bingley Hall, I have kept nothing but Jacobins, and endeavored, by giving as much of my time as business would permit, to raising this beautiful variety of pigeon to the standard it has now reached. The Jacobin (Golmnba cypria cucullata) is mentioned in the second volume of Ornithology of Ulysses Aldrovandus, 1600, published at Bologna: "There are two kinds — one hooded, the other smooth heads, and some have naked and others feathered feet; the hoods are erect and large." With part of this I agree, but I certainly do not want any erect hoods ; for the closer the feathers fit the head the better, and the more the bird is valued ; at the same time, though, there are other properties and very important ones, to be looked for. The Jacobin is well known over England, Prance, and Germany, and derives its name froili its having a clear white head, enveloped, as it were, in a hood of dark feathers, re- sembling the shaven crown of a monk partially covered with a cowl. The German name, " Zopf or Perriicke Taube," signifies having a wig; and WilUighby, in his '• Ornitholo- gy," 1678, says they are called by the Low Dutch " cappers," for reasons I have mentioned above. But perhaps the best treatise on the Jacobin is Moore, 1735, who says, in his "Columbarium": "The Jacobin is oftime the smallest of all pigeons, and the smaller still the better." All fanciers must agree with me that ten years ago the Jacobin was very poorly represented; but latterly no bird has improved so much (except, perhaps, the Trumpeter), and now many almost perfect specimens are to be found. Its general colors are Black, Ked, and Yellow ; but at large shows very often good Whites are to be found. In Whites, though we lose a great point, viz., color, yet a really good White with a pearl eye is not to be met every day. The head, tail, and flight feathers of a Jacobin should in all cases be white. There are pigeons occasionally seen, and are called Jacobins, which are one color, and I have known instances of all Black and all Blue. The latter I have kept, and bred Blue birds from them with white properties, but never raised anything fit for the exhibition. With regard to the number of white flight feathers, it is a disputed point; and, as they say in Lancashire, diff'erent folks have different opinions; for my own part, I am satis- fied with seven or eight white flights in each wing, though there are fanciers that say a perfect specimen should have ten. This, however, is not an important point; at the same time, it must be remembered I am not an advocate for a bird short of white flights. To run through the principal points of a really good bird is more easilj' done on paper than by breed- ing, though a well-known fancier and dealer in London — in fact, I have heard him designated a pigeon without feath- ers—tells me he finds Jacobins as easy to breed as weeds in his garden, and can rear annually any amount of good birds. The beak should be short and rather stout, with a small wattle, and in many cases you will find the lower mandible dark ; this is not a disqualification, though white is prefera- ble ; the eye in all cases must be pearl. I have had many good specimens spoilt, with either a "gravel " or a " bull " eye, and either is in my idea a great fault, and a very un- pleasant thing to get into your loft, as it may take j'ears to breed out. The head should be short and well enveloped at the back with closely arranged feathers of the same color as the body of the bird, which gives the bird an appearance of having the feathers glued on to the skull, so close should they fit; joining this arrangement of feathers, which is called the hood, should be another range of feathers, reach- ing down to the shoulders, or rather, they should go further, and encroach more to the breast of the bird, forming a chain, or, as the Dutch call it, " the cravat." These feathers should be long and close, and the more even and close they are set the more is the bird esteemed. I think the hood and chain are almost the principal points of the head, and give to the bird a very strong resemblance to the portraits of good Queen Bess. In getting this chain we must not loose sight of size, for the larger the bird the heavier ought to be the chain and hood ; and I must again remind you that the Jacobin as a toy, and one of our prettiest toys, should be small, and the smaller it is the better ; in fact, as Mayor in his treatise says, it should be very little larger than a Tum- bler. At the bottom of the chain or mane we come to anoth- er point of beauty, viz., the rose, a centre spot of white down caused by the feathers turning different ways, and with this point, which is a great one, we complete the charac- teristics of a true Jacobin, viz., the hood-chain, mane, and rose. In olden times a good Jacobin and a really valuable bird was proved when, by taking hold of the bill and draw- ing the head backwards, the two sides of the chain lap over each other, but this is unnecessary in our present age; and 1 know of many birds in which the chain not only unites, but crosses over while loose in the pen, and it is in these birds you find the true "hog mane," so much sought for, instead of the chain going all around the neck and head of the bird, having a roundness at the back instead of a sharp peak, caused by the feathers meeting from either side. Many fanciers want a good specimen to have white thighs, but this I do not agree with, as then the Jacobin carries too much of bald-pate ; and while referring to them, I must say, in regard to the head of the Jacobin, there must be no white feathers under the bill, and on no account so low cut as the baldheaded Tumbler of the present day. In Ked Jacobins we frequently find a slaty-bluish colored thigh, but I prefer the thighs being of the same sound color as the body of the bird. Now and then we come across a good bird with white thighs, but at the same time there is a tendency to be low cut in the head, which is a great faulj;. In the Jacobin I notice many peculiarities of carriage, some literally standing on their tails. This, of course, is a fault, and, in spite of all your trouble, you cannot keep the bird clean ; others are lazy, and mope in a corner of a pen until stirred up with a long pole; what I want in a Jacobin is a small tight bird, with its wings slightly drooping, though not a la Tumbler, and then I can see as much carriage and style in a Jacobin as " Scotty " does in a Pouter. I do not call them good nurses, but still I do not use " feeders," and can manage to rear a good bird now and then. One thing I have noticed for man}' years is the pugnacity of White Jacobins, especially in the breeding season ; they seem to master the whole loft, and have a special hatred for a red bird. In conclusion I must say I am in a great measure indebted to Mr. Esquilant for my knowledge of a Jacobin ; he is w%ll known to us all as a great admirer and successful breeder of this very beau- tiful variety, and from him, many j'ears ago, I purchased a pair of Black Jacobins, which won, I think, first at Birming- ham for three years, besides many cups and other prizes. Though these are gone, I have still the strain left, and in- FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE 185 tend to do my best to keep this very interesting variety a prominent feature in the Nortliorn Counties Columbnrian Society. fl^r UiiUELTY TO PlQEONs.— Two boys, mimed Dan Walls and George Ilenton, were cliarged at Leeds, England, with cruelty to pigeons, and Elijah Walls, the ilrsl-nanied boy's father, and John Uunt, were charged with aiding and abet- ting in the commission of the ollence. Mr Georg:, No. 1 Stockton Avenue. Alleghany City. P». OI.IVKIt I>. NCIIOCK, Hamburg, Pa., will exchange one pair l>:ii I. I :( ill (III J hi one pair Partridge Cochin chlcka; two White Leghorn |mll I' ' I I Mima and Partridge Cochin cockerels — for three Pouter Ik h ' I' in and one Blue; aUo, one Crested White Fantail hen. TO EXCHANGE.- lock; Tegetnieier's PIget rheel— for fancy pigeons. E. S. ELI.WANCKi! ue pair Sbephcrd pups, out of imported liook (new); all-nire squirrel cage, with iatL-ifaction guaranteed. Address rare Ellwanger A Barry), Rochester, N. Y. F. I.. CHAPIN, Southbridge, Mass.. will excbaoge two trios each of the following varieties, pure-bred fowls, viz. : Brown Leghorn, Dark Brahma, S. S. Ihiuiburg, and Partridge Cochin— for Light Brahma pullets weigliing ten pounds e;ich ; well feathered and marked. W. ATEEE BURPEE, will exchange fancy pigeons for White Barbs, Blue Swallow lien, Kan hen. Archangel cock, Short-faced Tumbler hen, Y'ellow and Black Swallows, and Y'cllow Balda. Will also exchange Brown Leghorn eggs (see advertisement) from my prize stock for fancy pigeons or eggs of Pekin Ducks, Cochins, Black or Domi- uiijue Leghorns— only from A No. 1 stock as are mine. l;32 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Peoni. WM. AUSTIN, P. O. Box .W, Niagara Falls, will exchange Golden fiuckwiug cockerel, pullets or bens; Black-Ued, Brown-Red, cockereU, hens or pullets; Partridge Cochins, young or old — for Dark Brabmas, White Cochins, Dorkings or Ferrets. No inferior stock wanted, as mine is strictly first-class. S.niTII * BROTHER. .Stony Brook, Long L^land, will give* fine lirnivu l..-;;liorii toekiTel, lor Silver Duckwing Game Bantam cock- erel. AVill i;ivr a line Pair of o. P. Ilamburgs, for pair of B. K. Game Iiiuil;iin niiUcis. or for colored Fantails. TO EXCHANGE.- One trioG. S. Ilamburgs; Unc pair B. B. Red Came Hantams; One pair Silver Duckwing Game Bantams; One "pair Trumpeters— for Ferrets or Silver-gray doc, Lop-eared doe, or other fancy Kabbits We guarantee satisfaction. C. V. HOLDL: K , Box 20O, Blooroington. 1 lis. WIEE EXCHANGE.- -\ pair of White Angora rabbits, seven inonilis old, also, a pair of Guinea Pigs, for Golden or Silver Duckwing Game Bantam pullets. R. J. CILLEY, 220 Amherst Street, Manchester, N. H. WILE EXCHANGE.— A Pointer dog. Spitz dog, S. Polands, B. B. Red, and While Game liantaus. Spangled Bantams — for Printing Press, tiuiuea Pigs, Lop-eared, apd Angora rabbits. Also, a D. W. Ban- tam cockerel for a Golden Sebright. G. A. WIDMER, 72 Adams St.. Rochester. N. Y. WILI. EXCHANGE.— A Beagle Honnd, 8 months old, for one trio B. B. Red Games; lirst-class birds wanted. P. HENRY', Basking Ridge, N.J. WII.I, EXCHANGE — One sitting each of Light and Dark Brah- ua eggs from my well-known strains, for three U bite Fantail hens, mootb heads. L. A. HAY'S, Eureka Poultry Y'ards. Spring City, ("hesler Co., Pa- Wllili EXCHANGE.— For choice Pigeons, and extra quality Fancy Rabbits, a few Part rid :;e Cochins from my prize-winning and other choice stock, hiu not my best specimens. Also, one trio Golden Polish fowls for raMnls or pige,"ins. W. II. nUAlKETT. Washington Natjonal^Bank. Boston, Mass. tVILI, EXCHANGE.-One No. 1 Light Brahma cock, and fonr No. 1 Light Brahma pullets, all of the best strains, for a trio of No. 1 White L<'ghorns: fowls to In' firstSTLE\VAlT *_BRt)., Ottumw.T, WapploCo., Iowa. tVIEI. EXCHAXGE.-Two fine White I,oghorn or Partridge Cochin pullet.*, lor a VVbitel.eirhoru cock or cockervl. g(H>d coml^ car- lobes, >tc.. of J. Bnanlman Smith's stock. Also, some good Sultan fowls in exchange for otlier pure br.M pN. Tilsonburg. OnU ll'ILL EXCHANGE.— .\ New niu>lratkof Domestic Poul- try, by Martin Dovle. New edition, colored plates, for No. 1 Black B. R. G.ime* Bantam cock, or a fine Rose^omb White I>orking hen, which has won several prizes for the same. ! STEPHEN TILSON. Tilsonbnrs. Ont- Wll.t. EXCHANGE A fine pair of Himalaran Rabbits, for merchandise. What oiler." JOS. M. W.4J)E, Philadelphia, Pa, 190 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. WILI4 EXCHANGE.— 0 Red-Winged Turbits, for Brown fowls, as mine are. Address le Chinese Silver Pheasant cock, and )v Black Leghorns. Must be first-class, WM. H. GLENN, West Chester, Pa. JOUX E. KIPP, Patersou, N. J., will eschanse one Guinea cock and three hens, one Bronze Turkey hen, three Grey Turkey hens, Light Brahma hens, and Dark Brahma cockerels, first-class — for White or Partridge Cochins. White Cochins preferred. What offers ? W. C. MART, Box 152, Clinton, N. Y., will exchange an Adams Printing Press, in good running order, and in good order every way, prints a form 10 X 12 inches — will take anything offered in pigeon line, that is first-class, excepting Tumblers or Toys. What offers ? R. HUREiBUT, Armada, Mich., will exchange pure Light Brahma eggs, pure Bronze turkey eggs, or common turkey crossed with Bronze, for a double-barreled rifle and shot gun, silver watch, poultry books, pigeons, or a trio of Light Brahmas. "Win. EXCHANGE.— One pair of fine Black-Breasted Red Game pullets for one pair of Partridge Cochin pullets. Must be fine. L. F. WHITMAN, Detroit, Micli. WILE EXCHANGE.— A large Newfoundland dog, weight over one hundred pounds— good natured, good night watch, and kind to chil- dren— for fancy fowls,- including one first-class trio of B. B. Red Games. Make an offer. D. T. DOTY, Basking Ridge, N. J. EOOK HERE !— I will excli inge a pair of good Partridge Cochin fowls (Graves' stock), two years old, or three of their late pullets— for an extra large White Leghorn breeding cock, with standard ear-lobes, legs, and comb — or the lot for a trio of White Leghorns. J. A. MORTON, Bethel, Me. WIEE EXCHANGE.- from W. T. Rogers' stock, for j stock. What offers? Two Silver-Penciled Hamburg pullets good Houdan cock or cockerel, or other G. 0. BROWN, Brooklandville, Md. WIEE EXCHANGE.-GEO. W. DIXON, Box 188, Worcester, Mass, will exchange young Lop-eared, Himalayan, and Angora Rabbits, the latter in color black and white, for White Guinea Pigs. Also, one pair of good breeders, lop-eared, which won first premium at Hartford, Provi- dence; second at Utica, N.Y., Boston, and Worcester Mass., for a first- class Irish Gray Game Bantam cock, or Black Game Bantams. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Three extra fine White Leghorn pullets, (Smith's strain) for Faucy Fowls ; Black Hamburgs preferred. What offers? WM. A. CARLETON, RoUstone National Bank, Fitchburg, Mass. WIEE EXCHANGE.— White Fantail Pigeons for Guinea Pigs or Rabbits. Address W. F. B., Cambridgeport, Mass. PUP WANTED.— I will give a pair of good Light Brahmas, worth SlO. for a first-class Skye or Black and Tan Terrier dog pup. under three months old. Second-class stock need not apply; nothing else wanted. Address E. F. SHANNON, P. O. Box 568, Pittsburg, Pa. EIVE AMERICAN EAGEE, quite tame, about 7 feet across the wings, which 1 will exchange for good Colored Fantails, Almond or Inside Tumblers, or Trumpeters. Want only good stock. What offers. LON. HAEDMAN, St. Joseph, Mo. EITE ^UAIE.— I have IS live quail, which have been caged for some time and are quite tame, to exchange for good Colored Fantails, Al- mond or Inside Tumblers, or cash. What offers? LON. HARDMAN, St. Joseph, Mo. HAMBURGS.- At the exhibition of the Connecticut State and Central Connecticut Poultry Societies I won more premiums than any exhibitor in the Hamburg class; I have two trios of Golden-spangled Hamburgs to exchange for Lop-eared Rabbits. JAMES SHEPARD, Bristol, Conn. WIEE EXCHANGE.— One extra fine bred Black and Tan Terrier slut, fine ratter; one young slut, same breed; one English Fox Terrier pup— for Fancy poultry. EBEN P. DAY, Hazleton, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE.— One trio Canada "Wild Geese, tame and thoroughly domesticated; pairs of Poland or African Geese, White Leg- horns, Game ; trios S. S. Bantams. Also, Black-breasted Red Game, and Gold and Silver-Spangled Poland cockerels- for pullets or hens of Am. Dominique, Silver or Golden Polands, S. S. Hamburgs, or Asiatics. EBEN P. DAY, Hazleton, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Gol.i-Spangled Polands for Bantam pul- lets of any variety ; same preferred or fancy pigeons ; also one pair of Silver-Spangled Poland, ditto. OLIVER KENDALL, Providence, R.L WIEE EXCHANGE.— A fine Maltese Cat (male), eight months old, also a large fine pair of Wild Turkeys— for Black Cochins, Black Bantams, Golden-Laced Bantams, Partridge Cochins, Pekin or Rouen Ducks, or fine Rabbits. None but fine stock wanted. J AS. A. STORM. St. Joseph, Mo. TO EXCHANGE.— White Fivntails and Owl cock for a Silver Duckwing coclt; must be a first-class bird— like the stock offered— or he will be of no use. Address M. & W. TREGO, Dolington, Pa. WANTED! A pair of White Guinea Pigs. Address W. F. B., Cambridgeport, Mass. Readable, MBMIT PBOIIFTLY WHEN THE BILL IS PRESENTED. WAjrTED.— A good Spangled Leghorn cock or cockerel, with good comb, and well marked. Address L. L. WHITNEY, Milisbury, Mass. FRESH EGGS FOR HATCHIBTG.from my celebrated strains of Light and Dark Brahmas, White Leghorns, Rouen ducks, and Pearl Guineas, warranted to be true to name and from the finest strains in America. I will sell a limited number of sittings from the above-named fowls, at ?2.00 per sitting of 13 eggs. L. A. HAYS, Eurelia Poultry Yards, Spring City, Chester Co., Pa. JOEl. BRUjrsiER, Hosensack, Lehigh Co., Pa., hreeder of superior Light Brahmas, Houdans, Silver-Spangled Hamburgs, and Bouen ducks. ESgs for sale, at S3.00 per sitting of 1.3, two sittings, So.OO, four sittings, 89.00, packed in the very best manner. Also, a few fowls for sale. riGHT BRAHMAS FOR SAI.E. A few very handsome young standard birds, bred from "Williams' hens and a Tees cock, on very reasonable terms for such stock. Apply to Dk. T. J. WOOLDRIDGE, French Hay, Va. "Wailted. — To purchase a really No. 1 Dark Brahma cock or cockerel EGGS FOR HATCHISG White Hamburgs and White Leg- lorns. sf3 per thirteen. C. F. WEBSTER, Girard, Penna, A. P. GUOVBS, CHESTNUT HILL, PHILADELPHIA, PA., Breeder of BiifT and Partridge Cochins, For prizes taken by my fowls this season, see premium list of Western New Y'ork Poultry Society at Buffalo, Penna. State Poultry Soeietv at Phlladelpliia, and East Penna. Poultry Society at Doy'lestown, A few chicks for sale ; also. Eggs from my prize-winning strains. Egi;s $S per sitting. FOR SAEE.— First premium Black, Mottled, and Blue Fans; White and Red Carriers; also second premium White Fans (plain and capped); also one pair good Black Carriers. W. B. COCHRAN, No. 112 N. Eutaw St., Baltimore, Md. EIGHT BRAHMAS.— Eggs from flrst-class birds, at S2 per sit- ting of thirteen. J. G. DIEFFENBACH, Northumberland, Pa. WHITE POEANDS.— Two pairs for sale. Fir.st-class. Also eggs for hatching (Sperry's strain, A. No. 1), S3 dollars for thirteen, or two set- tings for ^ dollars. Also Plymouth Rocks, first-class, at same price. AMOS STONE, Doylestown, Bucks County, Pa. BBO WJ^ LEGHORNS. W. ATLEE BURPEE offers eggs for hatchino from his superior stock, at $6 per dozen. This stock won the first and special prizes at both exhibitions in this city. He is also breeding from a cockerel that figured ninety-one at Hartford, and was not beaten ; and the best pullet at the same exbibition, scaling ninety-three points. Is one of very beautiful flocks of hens mated to these cocks. All eegs guaranteed of this stock, and thus the purehaser has an equal chance, with the sub- scriber, of raising high-class kxhibition birds. 3JjP0D WILL TELL.— Pigeon fanciers, now is your time to get FKKE a splendid pair Inside Tumblers with S25 worth of stock. Choice birds at reaonable prices. 1332 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. TO WHOM IT MAT OONOEEN : At Buffalo Exhibition, lS7.i — made 8 entries — received 7 premiums. " Pittsburg " 187.3— " 13 " " 19 " Columbarian"(N.Y.) 187.5— " 3 " "3 " " iVIeadville " Dec, 1874— " 4 " "3 " Total, " 28 " " 32 ECCS. LIGHT BRAHMAS (Todd & Williams' strain) J3 per thirteen. DARK " (unsurpassible Sharpless strain) 5 " B. B. BED GAME BANTAMS (an imported strain), 3 P. S. — Although my birds are not pedigreed, I warrant them first- class. Also, FOR SALE CHEAP. Three choice LIGHT BRAHMA COCKERELS, at $3 each ; Also, one GAME BANTAM COCKEREL and four PULLETS, For So the lot. 4®" Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. . R. F. SHANNON, P. 0. Box 5SS, Pittsburg, Pa. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHAN^GE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, APRIL 1, 1875. No. 13. PodLJI^Y DE[=^I^J|VIEfJT. THE (N. E.) PGITLTRY CONGRESS. Its Organization, March, 1875. A SPIRITED and enthusiastic meeting was held at the Lin- coln House, Worcester Mass., March 3d, of delegates from the various local poultry societies in New England, for the purpose of organizing a Now England Poultry Congress. The gathering included many prominent breeders and ex- perts in the profession, among whom may be mentioned — Messrs. H. T. Sperry, Hartford, Conn. ; Philander Williams, Taunton ; Hon. V. C. Oilman, Nashua, N. H. ; E. O. Con- ant, Portland Me.; Jtark Pitman, Beverly; T. L. Sturte- vant. South Pramingham ; A. F. Stevens, Natick ; I. K. Felch,Natiek; H. H. Stoddard, Editor Po»?i!/-(/ World; C. C. Plaisted, G. H. Merritt, and Charles E. Dustin, Hart- ford, Conn. ; J. F. Riday, Boston ; H. S. Ball, Shrewsbury ; Henry Felch, Natick ; E. R. Uayward, Easton ; Wm. E. Shedd, Waltham ; J. H. Aldrich, Whitinsville ; W. F. Ba- con, Cambridgcport ; J. H. Demond, Northampton ; Simon W. Clark, and Caleb Wcstcott, Warwick, R, I. ; J. Henry Symonds, Boston ; H. V. Fletcher, Belmont ; E. H. Hero, Milford; E. H. Whitney, Milbury; Eufus Holraan, Lei- cester ; and A. D. Warren, AVorcester. The meeting was called to order by Mr. A. D. Warren, of Worcester, and Mr. H. T. Sperry, of Hartford, was chosen Chairman. Mr. C. W. Chamberlain, of Arlington, Mass., was chosen Secretary. After the reading of the minutes of the preliminary meet- ing, at Boston, which were accepted, tlie Chairman spoke briefly in regard to the desirability of a central organization of the poultry breeders of New England, and stated that at the preliminary meeting, in Boston, after deciding that such an organization is desirable, it was voted to appoint a committee of one from each State in New England, to pre- pare a draft of a form of organization and Constitution of the proposed Congress. The Chair introduced Mr. T. L. Sturtevant, of South Framingham, Chairman of this Committee, who presented the constitution prepared for tho consideration of the meet- ing. Mr. Sturtevant spoke briefly of tho purpose of the Congress. He said, nt first he was disposed to oppose the movement, on the ground that a large society would over- shadow the smaller societies, on which depend so largely the vitality and interest of tho poultry enterprises of New England. But, in rellecting on what a central organization might do as an advisory body, he had decided to go into the movement, for the [lurpose of preventing its becoming an ordinary and overgrown poultry club, and to aid in mak- ing it what it should be — a central authority on poultry matters. Mr. I. K. Felch, of Natick, seconded these views, and Mr. Philander Williams, of Taunton, also favored the movement, but raised the question that the proposed consti- tution provides no revenue. Mr. Sturtevant explained that the matter of revenue would properly come before the Congress, after its organi- zation, through a committee on finance. Tho several articles of the Constitution and By-Laws were then read seriatim, and passed upon, after general discussion upon several points of interest; Messrs. Sturtevant, Sperry, Dustin, Felch, Williams, Symonds, Stoddard, Pierce, War- ren, Pitman, Clark, and others, participating. The Constitution and By-Laws, as finally adopted are as follows : COXSTITTJTION. Article 1. This Association shall be styled the New England Congress of Poultry Breeders, with its business offices located in AVorcester, Mas.«. Art. 2. Oliject. — The object of this Congress is to pro- mote improvement in tho breeding and management of poultry; to disseminate reliable in formation relating thereto; to correct erroneous ideas; and, with the force of a power- ful association of representative men, to rebuke fraud, and elevate the poultry breeder to a position worthy of the skill, the patience, and the enterprise which have produced so many useful, new, and beautiful creatures. Art. 3. Ojficers. — The officers of this Congress shall con- sist of a President, six A^ice-Presidents, Corresponding Sec- retary, Recording Secretary, Auditor, and Treasurer. These oflicers are to be elected at each annual meeting, and a va- cancy occuring may bo filled bj' election at any time. Art. 4. Memberxhip. — Each poultry society in New England, duly organized by the adoption of a constitution and by-laws, and officered thereunder, may be represented by two delegates, to be chosen annually for the term of two years — one of said delegates to retire each year, as bis suc- cessor shall be appointed or otherwise. Congress shall be solo judge of the qualification of members. Until author- ized by its action, no delegate shall be admitted. Delegates may be expelled. Each delegate shall be required to vote on all questions, when present ; but, unless present, his vote cannot be given. Art. 5. Authority. — Congress shall have no jurisdiction or authority over tho several societies represented. Its ac- tion shall be advisory only, and be published in the form of resolutions. It may hold an exhibition once in three years. Art. 6. Quorum. — .V quorum shall consist of eleven del- egates, representing not less than seven societies. Art. 7. Meeiinps. — The regular meetings of Congress shall be held annually, on the second Wednesday of April, to be designated the Annual Meeting. At this meeting the reports 198 FAJSrCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. of the officers will be read, and officers for the ensuing year elected. An extra session of Congress may be called at any time, by presenting a petition therefor to the President, signed by eight delegates, when it shall be the duty of the President to issue the call, to be published by the Kecording Secretary, who shall notify delegates by mail, and publish a notice of the time of meeting, at least ten days in advance thereof, in one or more of the principal newspapers pub- lished in each New England State. Akt. 1. The President. — The President shall preside at all meetings of Congress, and call extra sessions when required by the Constitution so to do. He will also perform such other duties as may be properly imposed. Art. 2. Vice-Presideiii. — In the absence of the President, the senior Vice-President in attendance shall perform the duties of President. Akt. 3. Corresjionding Secretary. — The Corresponding Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of Congress, and have custody of same. He shall preserve letters I'eceived, and a copy of answers thereto, to be read at meetings when requested. He shall keep an account of expenses of corres- pondence. Akt. 4. Recording Secretary. — The Recording Secretary shall keep minutes of all meetings, and have charge of all books and papers pertaining thereto. He shall publish and distribute all notices of meetings. He shall keep an account and have his books and papers open at all times to inspection. Art. 5. Auditor. — The Auditor shall examine and correct all bills of Congress, countersign the same, and present them to the Treasurer. Art. 6. Treasurer. — The Treasurer shall have custody of all moneys, or valuables belonging to Congress. He shall pay all its bills, when they have been approved by tlie Au- ditor, and received from him. He shall keep receipts for all moneys paid out. His accounts shall be kept in proper form, to be open at all times to the inspection of delegates and he shall furnish bonds to the amount of $2000, to be approved by the President, for the faithful discharge of his duties. Art. 7. Consiituiion and By-Laws. — This Constitution and By-Laws shall only be changed or amended at an annual meeting, notice of the proposed change having been given in writing at the previous annual meeting, and read to those present. It shall require a two-thirds vote of the delegates present to alter, amend, or annul this Constitution and By- Laws. The Secretary of this meeting was appointed to notify all local societies in New England of the adoption of this Con- stitution, and to ask the election of delegates, in conformity therewith, to meet at the Lincoln House, Worcester, on the second Wednesday in April, at 4 o'clock p.m., for the organ- ization of the Congress. A vote of thanks to the proprietor of the Lincoln House, for courtesies extended to members of the convention, was unanimously adopted, and the meeting dissolved. THE SEBEIGHT COCHIN ftUESTION. I SKB two inquiries in regard to "Sebright Cochins" in the Journal, No. 10, page 1-54. This subject has been dis- cussed at some length in this locality amongst breeders, and in the " American Rural Home," growing out of the follow- ing circumstance : At the annual fair of the Western New York Agricultu- ral Society, held at Rochester, September, 1873, the judges did not see proper to recognize them as Cochins, but in their report, "recommended them as a well-bred cross." This decision brought down the displeasure of their originators, and that of the editor of the Poultry Department of tlie " Rural Home," who assailed the judges in a very ungentle- manly manner, stigmatizing them as " Tom, Dick, and Har- r}-," and thought they were assuming a great deal to dare pass such judgment " upon what they knew little or nothing about." To be sure, none of us had ever written a poultry book, but we had each bred Cochins some time, and thought we were capable of distinguishing one at first sight, and as far as I know, have been recognized as competent judges of this class. The controversy in the " Home " wound up with the statement, made by one of the defenders of the Sebright, that if I could beat them in size, I " would have to go up into the twenties." I accordingly held my peace and waited patiently till the next annual fair, expecting to see the twenty-pounder out, but was sadly disappointed, for there were only two or three pairs of degenerate specimens on e xhibition, in a sho w of over eight-hundred entries, and that too in their " own native land, ' ' as well as I can ascertain they first sprung into existence in that vicinity, in Genesee or Livingston Counties, N. Y. They show some Brahma blood, but I have never been able to discover any points about them characteristic of the Cochin. The legs are feathered or clean, just as it may happen, and I have seen four distinct combs on them, single, rose, pea, and a flat comb fltting close to the head, not rising above the feathers. The markings are not clearly defined as in the Sebright Bantams, which they attempt to imitate, some approach to spangling, while the most are rather "mixed," the plumage being streaked with black, white, and gray, presenting anj'thing but a handsome appearance, but look- ing very much like specimens one may see almost daily in his rides through the country, amongst the farm-yards, where farmers have infused a moderate amount of Brahma blood into their flocks of " natives." One of the most amusing incidents connected with a de- scription of this rare breed, given me by the exhibitor of the ill-fated specimens at Rochester, in 1873, was that in catching them the night before, to bring to the fair, he had to climb the apple tree to secure them, and even then he did not get the ones he wanted as they were beyond reach. Such fowls ought to have a, pedigree, or at least something to bring them into notoriety, for never were Cochins known to seek such lofty heights. Could there be any doubt about their being thoroughbred? If none, give their pedigree by all means. I consider it an insult to the Cochin tribe to even think of recognizing the birds in question as Cochins in our stand- ard. I think my views coincide with those of nine-tenths of the fraternity-of breeders who have in any way made the acquaintance of these fowls. Bellona, N. Y., March 18, 1875. DR- S. Lott. A NEW INCUBATOR. The need of a good, cheap, practical incubator has long been felt by our fanciers. Mr. A. M. Halsted, who has probably given this subject more attention and study than anyone else in this country, and who has been experimenting for the last ten years in the construction of incubators, sends us a description of this, his latest improvement, which we here illustrate. If it will do all he claims for it — and we see no reason for doubting its practical working — it is indeed a boon to our fanciers. As there are a number of new prin- ciples and ideas embodied in this new incubator, Mr. H. has applied for a patent to protect his interest. We quote from Mr. Halsted's description: "Although I have had good results myself with my incubator as con- structed three years ago, I knew that others who had tried FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE 19!) thom, had, many of tliom, only indifforont success, and ono great trouble seemed to bo the luck of a reliable and quick- Hcting roguliitor. The morcuriul regulator designed and illustrated some years since, was reliable, but was na/ quick- acting. Something simple, yi't very sensitive, ar.d with power enough to open and close the valves, was needed. This I have in the present machine. Another great defect in previous machines, both of my own construction and of all others, which I have seen illustrated, is the lack of proper and sufficient ventilation. In all the methods heretofore in use, the air in the egg drawers was renewed only when the eggs were taken out to be aired. The idea seeming to be to keep the eggs clo.so. In this incubator the cold air is ad- mitted in the centre, and under the egg drawers. As it enters the machine, it passes through and over the evapora- ting pans, becoming charged with moisture as it gets heated, and passing off, i.s constantly renewed, thus keeping the air in the nests pure and sweet. " Another point is also gained by this new construction, the heat of the egg drawers is equalized, and the outer rows of eggs receive the same degree of heat as those in the centre. In nearly, if not quite, all other machines, the middle of the egg drawers is from two to five degrees hotter than the outer edges. The egg drawers, of which there are two, are re- versible and exchangeable. The nursery for young chicks, in the upper part of the incubator, is entirely surrounded by hot-air, and therefore always pleasantly warm and dry. "The regulator, which is a combination of alcohol and mercury, is a nicely-adjusted balance, upon which every change of even half a degree of heat causes a variation. This regulator is connected with the ventilator, and also with the lamp, which is provided with a cut-otf. "When adjusted, upon the heat in the egg drawers reaching 101°, the llamo of the lamp begins to decrease. At 102° the ven- tilator begins to open ; at 103° the lamp is shut off to a very small flame, and if the heat should continue to rise, at 104° the ventilator will be wide open. By changing the lever- age the variation can be either decreased or made greater, so that the temperature of the eggs is under entire control. As the drawer cools oft" the ventilator gradually closes, and the flame of the lamp increases, until the proper degree of heat is attained. This regulator is so nicely constructed and balanced, that the heat can be controlled with not over two degrees variation during the twenty-four hours. Of course, to run the incubator with such small variation as this, it should bo in somo room whoro the outaido tempera- ture does not vary over ten or fifteen degrees between mid- day and midnight. "To attain this nicety of regulation, I found it advisable to discard the use of water as a heating medium. I found that while water retains heat a long time, it is liable to in- crease or decrease the temperature too much before it can be checked. Heated air being more quickly varied, is, by the use of a very sensitive regulator, much more readily con- trolled. It also largely decreases the cost of the incubator. "The lamp holds oil enough to last from three to five days, and requires trimming morning and night. If the very best quality of kerosene oil is used, rfnco a day will be -ufhcient. Fifteen minutes a day is all the attention the incubator requires." For further information our readers must address the in- ventor, whose advertisement will be found on another page. NEW ENGLAND POULTRY CLUB. Ofkicial list of pri'iiiiums awarded at the above show, held at Worcester, Mass., March, 1875. IJrahnias, Lis(ht — Fowls, .3d, Jas. M. Davidson, Whitins- villc, JIass. ; 4th, R. R. Yates, Norlhboro, Mass. Chicks, 1st, AUlrich & Leach, VVhitinsville, Ma.«s. ; 2d, Geo.V. Flet- cher, Belmont, Mass. ; 3d and 5th, E. Whitman, Fitchburg, Mass. ; 4th, R. R. Yates. Dark— Fowls, 1st, C. W. Cham- berlain, Arlington, JIass. ; 2d, Aldrich & Leach. Chicks, 1st, Aldrich & Leach; 2d, C. W. Chamberlain; 3d, J. B. Davis, North horo, Mass. Judge, I. K. Felch, Natick. Cochins, Butt— Fowls, 1st, H. C. Forbush, WesU boro, Mass. Chicks, l^t, E. Hartshnrn & Sons, Boston, Mass; 2d, Geo.V. Fletcher; 3d, J. H. Stowell, Harnson Square, Mass.; 4th, C. M. Boynton, Concord, N. H; 5th, J. H. Stowell. Partridge— Fowls, 1st, C. F. Tilton. Con- cord, N. H. ; 2d, E. A. Peckham, West Killingby, Ct; 3d, C. F. Tilton. Chicks, l=t, J. R. Pierce, Worcester, Mass. ; 2d, J. B. Davis; 3d, Lawrence & Rogers. Worcester, Mass. White— Chicks, 2d, C. M. Boynton; 3d and 4th, H. C. Forbush. Leghorns, Brown— Fowls, 2d, J. R. Pierce; 3d, F. J. Kinney, Worcester, Mass. Chicks, 1st, F. J. Kinney; 2d, W. J. Wheeler, Worcester, Mass. ; 3d, F. J. Kinney. White— Fowls, 2d, Geo. W. Estabrook, Grafton, Mass. Chicks, 1st, Geo. J. Jackson, Wcstboro, Mass. Black Spanish— Chicks, 1st and 2d, C. W. Chamberlain. Houdans- 1st and 3d, E. C. Aldrich, Uvde Park, Mass. Chicks, 1st and 2d, E. C. Aldrich j 4th, "F. A. Stratton, Worcester, Mass. Crevecreurs — Fowls, 1st, J. H. Symonds, Boston. Chicks, 1st and 2d, J. H. Symonds. Games, Black-red— 1st, 2d. 3d, und 4th, A. D. Warren, Worcester, Mass. Chicks, 1st, 2d, 3d, and 4th, A. D. War- ren. Brown-red — Chicks, 3d, Lawrence & Rogers. Yellow Duckwing— Chicks, 1st, Aldrich & Leach; 2d, H. S. Ball, Shrewsbury, Mass. White— Chicks, 2d, F. H. Chamber- lain, Worcester, JIass. Ilamburgs, Silver-spangled — Fowls, 1st, E. A. Peckham. Chicks, 4th, L. L. Whitney, Northbury ; .5th, E. A. Peck- ham. Black— Fowls, 3d, L. L. Whitney. Chicks, 1st, L. L. Whitnev. Polish, White-crested Black— Fowls, 3d, E. Uartshorn & Sons. Chicks, 1st, 2d, and 3d, E. Uartshorn & Sons. Silver-spangled — Fowls, 1st and 2d, A. W. Warner, Hartford, Ct ; 3d, H. & F. A. Bisco, Leicester, Ma*s. Chicks, 1st, A. W. Warner; 2d, U. & F. A. Bisco; 4lh and 5th, A. W. Warner. Golden-spangled — Chicks, 1st, 3d and 4th, J. II. Symonds. Plymouth Rocks — Fowls, 2d, R. Holman, Leicester, Mass. ; 3d, Wm. .lames, Worcester, Ma^=. ; 4th, R. Holman. Chicks, 3d, R. R. Yates; 4th, Jos. Mason, Worcester, Miiss. ; olh, R. Holman. Dominiques— Chicks, 2d, E. H. Smith, Walcottville, Ct Black Russian— Fowls. 2d, 0. H. Bradford, Manchester, N. H. 200 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Frizzles — Chicks, 2d, Lawrence & Rogers. Game Bantams, Black-red — Fowls, 1st, J. R. Pierce; 2d, G. W. Estabrook; Sd, L. L. Whitney; 4th, R. R. Yates. Chicks, 1st, W. H. Fitton, Worcester, Mass. ; 2d, H. S. Ball; 3d, L. L.Whitney. Brown-red— Fowls, 1st, Geo.W. Dixon, Worcester, Mass ; 2d, Lawrence & Rogers. Chicks, 1st and 2d, Lawrence & Rogers. Irish Gray — Fowls, 1st, Geo. W. Dixon. Chicks, 1st and 2d, Geo. W. Dixon. Red Pyle — Fowls, 1st, Lawrence & Rogers.' Chicks, 1st and 2d, Lawrence & Rogers. White — Fowls, 3d, S. Harry Knox, Worcester, Mass. Chicks, 1st, Geo. W. Dixon; 2d, W. H. Fittin. Yellow Duckwing — Fowls, 1st, Lawrence & Rog- ers ; 2d, H. S. Ball ; 3d, L. L. Whitney. Chicks, 1st, Law- rence & Rogers-; 2d,H.S. Ball. Silver Duckwing — Fowls, 1st, Lawrence & Rogers ; 2d, L. L Whitney ; 3d, H. C. Forbush. Chicks, 1st, H. S.. Ball ; 2d, W. H. Fitton ; 3d, F. H. Cham- berlain; 4th and 5th, H. C. Forbush. Bantams, G(dd-laced Sebright — Fowls, 2d,S. Harry Knox. Chicks, 2d, Ira A. Biirsley, Holliston. Silver-laced Se- bright—Fowls, 1st and 2d, C. W. Chamberlain. Chicks, 2d, C. W Chamberlain. Black— Fowls, 1st, Ira A. Burs- ley ; 2d, S. Harry Knox ; 3d, Geo. F. Parker, Leicester, Mass. Chicks, 1st, Ira BiirsIey; 2d, F. H. Chamberlain; 3d, Lowell E. Blake, Worcester, Mass. White— Fowls, 1st, A. F. Stevens, Natick, Mass. Chicks, 1st, A. F. Ste- vens ; 2d, W. G. Gannon, Manchester, N. H. ; 3d, W. H. Fitton. Ducks, Avlesbury — 1st and 2d, J. W. Wetherill, Worces- ter, Mass. "Rouen— 2d, H. S. Ball. Babbits, Lop — 1st and 2d, Geo. W. Dixon. Angora — 1st, Geo. W. Dixon. Himalayan- 1st, G. W. Dixon. Dutch — G. W. Dixon. Common — 1st, A. E. Davis, Wor- cester; 2d, A. J. Colburn, Boston. Black Squirrels — Geo. W. Dixon. Guinea I'igs — 1st, A. F. Stevens ; 2d, A. J. Colburn. PIGEONS. Pouters, Blue-pied— 1st and 2d, H. S. Ball. White— 1st, H. S. Ball. Carriers, White— 1st, H. S. Ball. Dun— 1st, H. S. Ball. Black— 1st, H. S. Ball. Tumblers— Yellow-booted— 1st, E. H. Hero, Milford, Mass. Blue Bald head— l.-^t, E. H. Hero. Yellow— 1st, H. S. Ball ; 2d, Lawrence & Rogers Almond— 2d, H. S. Ball. Black Baldhead— 1st, H. S. Ball. Black Buttonhead— 2d, H. S. Ball. Red— 2d, H. S. Ball. Black Mottled— 1st, H. S. Ball. Inside— --'d, H. S. Ball. Baldhead— 1st, H. S. Ball. Blue Beard— 2d, H. S. Ball. Silver Mottled— 2d, E. H. Hero. Jacobins, Black— 2d, H. S. Ball. Red— 2d, E. H. Hero. Yellow- 1st, E. H. Hero. Mottled— 1st, E. H. Hero. Fantails, White-crested— 1st and 2d, H. S. Ball. Smooth- head— 1st, H. S Ball; 2d, E. H. Hero. Blue-mottled— 2d, E. H. Hero. Red- 2d, E. H. Hero. Yellow— 2d, E. H. Hero. Red Baldhead— 2d, E. H. Hero. Black-mottled— 2d, E. H. Hero. Turbits, Blue-winged— 1st, E. H. Hero. Blue-tailed— White— 1st, H. S. Ball. Black— 1st, H. S. Ball. Black- tailed— 1st, H. S. Ball. Red-winged— 1st, H. S. Ball. Nuns, Black— 1st, E. H. Hero. Dun— 1st, E. H. Hero. Yellow— 1st, E. H. Hero. Black— 2d, H. S. Ball. Magpies, Blue-cap— 1st, E. H. Hero. Black— 1st, H. S. Ball. Blue— 1st and 2d, H. S. Ball. Owls, Blue— 1st, H. S. Ball. Blue English, 1st, H. S. Ball. White African, 1st, H. S. Ball. Barbs, Red— 1st, E. H. Hero, Black— 1st, H. S. Ball. Red— 2d, H. S. Ball. Yellow— 1st, H. S. Ball. Spots, Black-cap— 1st, E. H. Hero. Smooth-head— 1st, E. II. Hero. Red— 1st and 2d, E. H. Hero. Antwerps, Blue— Ist and 2d, H. S. Ball. Archang(!ls— 1st, H. S. Ball. Trumpeters, Mottled- 2d, H. S. Ball. White— 1st, H. S. Ball. Runts, White— 2d, H. S. Ball. SONO BIRDS. Canary— M. Gerrity, Worcester. Goldfinch— A. J. Colburn. Mocking Bird— A. J. Colburn. Aviary collec- tion—A. J. Colburn. Song Thrush— M. Gerrity. Green Parrot — M. Gerrity. Macaw — M. Gerrity. SPECIAL PREMIUMS. Collection Brown Leghorns, F. J. Kinney ; Game Ban- tams, Geo. W. Dixon ; Bantams other than Game, Ira A. Bursley; Houdans, E. C. Aldrich; Crevecoeurs — J. H. Sy- monds; Black red Games, A. D. Warren; Hamburgs, L. L. Whitney; S. S. Polish, A. W. Warner; G. S. Polish, J. H. S3'monds ; Frizzles, Lawrence & Rogers; Pigeons, H. S. Ball; Fantails, E. H. Hero; Tumblers, H. S. Ball; Rabbits, Geo. W. Dixon. THE GREAT INTERNATIONAL POULTRY SHOW Me. Joseph M. Wade. Dear Sir: I am pleased with the outlook for a grand International Poultry Show, and in accordance with an in- vitation extended by Dr. A. M. Dickie and others, on page 41, vol. 2, No. 3, Fanciers' Journal, as I shall not be able to attend the meeting at Buffalo, would suggest that all fowls and chickens be entered singly, and shown singly ; that the coops all be of the same height for fowls (except Ban- tams), and each coop be so constructed as to accommodate a male and female, with a cloth partition between them. The ordinary size, i.e. 2J feet high, 2 feet wide, and 2J feet long, is too small, in my opinion, even for the smaller sized fowls, Games, Leghorns, Hamburgs, Polish, etc. I would say 3 feet high for all coops for fowls (except Ban- tams), 2J feet deep, and 3 feet long, inside, for the smaller varieties, and 4 feet long inside for the larger varieties. The two ends and back should be of cloth, and the top and front small sized round rods, say ^ inch in diameter, of strong, hard wood, made smooth, and set 2 inches apart, except at the ends (front side), where they should be 1 inch apart for two spaces, and same in middle of coop. There should be a tight bottom of light boards, and a frame 3 inches high around the bottom to fasten the cloth to, and keep in the chaff, sand, or sawdust. Coops for Bantams and Pigeons should be enlarged in about the same proportion. There should be a slide in front of each compartment wide enough to admit of getting fowls in and out easily. Good substantial coops of this description would sell readily to the various poultry societies in the country, after the International Exhibition, at a fair price, if they wero made collapsible. There will be 1500 exhibition coops wanted for poultry alone, and they should be rented at $1 each. The entrance fee for each fowl or chicken should be $5, and first premium, $25, at least. There should not be more than six varieties allowed in any class, and not more than thirty classes of fowls. In the aquatic division coops should be 3 feet high, 3 feet wide, and 6 feet long, divided and made same as others, except the rounds in front and top might be f inch in di- ameter. I should judge 100 coops of this size would bo sufficient, and should favor entering in same way, at same price, and same first premium. Bantams and Pigeons will want 400 coops, besides what exhibitors will furnish; and exhibitors will be willing to pay large entrance fees if they can receive hxrge pi-einiums. The old adage was, "Get your carpenter's £stimate of lumber, etc., for your building, then add half as much more of everything," and those who did that were generally sho7-t. The committee who have the getting together of minutiae FANCIERS' JOUllNAL AND POULTRY EXCIIANGE. 201 for this mammoth Internntioniil Poultry, Pet Stock, and Coliimbiirian Exliibition will liavi; to flgiiro close, and then add largely to the amount. For this is a mighty nation, saying nothing about the great number of entries wo shall have from abroad. F. J. KlNNKT. WoiicusTKH, .Tnmmry 30, 1S7I>. PORTRAITS. " Thkrk is an evil under the sun," perhaps not a great one ; 3'ea, even wo will admit it to be a small one; but it is an evil. It is the unintentional deceit practised by our breeders who let pictures of fowls go before the public as " portraits." Now, I have in mind pictures of various breeds, by Ludlow, which have appeared perhaps eight or ton times as the "portraits" of difl'erent people's birds, sometimes oven " tahon from life." Now, all these pictures are probably flattered lilvenosses of very fine stock — birds wlioso likes are not met with more than once or twice in a life-time — and many of them are illustrations of ideal birds not even intended as portraits, but which some bi'eedcrs send out as such. Now, tlio evil of this is manifest; amateurs, beginners, perhaps, are impressed with the idea that all the slock of a breeder are up to tlio pictures in appearance ; they purchase, are disappointed, perhaps disgusted, and certainly deceived. This may be all "very green," but, at the same time, it is so. Of course any one who has been at poultry-breeding knows the portraits and knows that no breeder's stock is, on the average, approaching them in style, etc. ; if, indeed, ho has three or four birds like them. The pictures in " Wright's Book " are of prize-winners, are put forth as such, and are doubtless portraits in the strictest sense. As such, it is understood that they are rare birds, models, as it were, which every breeder will strive to approach, equal, or even beat, if possible; knowing that he will but once in a while (and a great while too) do either. I hope our fanciers will give up this portrait business. If a man wants to illustrate his advertisements or circulars, well and good ; but pray, my friends, do not send out fancy pic- tures of ideal fowls as " portrait of Cochins, owned by " " Iloudans, as bred by " If you must send pictures let them be portraits either of your average stock, or your win- ners, and the matter will be understood; you, of course, stating which are represented. Do not have your portraits exactly in the positions of pictures in books, or exactly the same background, etc. ; it does not "look nice," even if it is pretty. I like to see a poultry paper with good illustrations, but this portrait business has done harm to the " fancy," and will do more. " Why, so-and-so's birds are none of them like his portraits," is a remark I heard made by a fancier who had been to see some portrayed stock, and who was disappointed, vexed, and considered himself deceived, and so he was. RosK-coMls. Status Island, Jfaroh 22, 1S75. PiQEoi^ DEp;\i^Tr^'^NT' S®° Smith and Jones were at the Zoological, and the con- versation turned on Darwin's theory. " Look at that mon- key," said Smith. "Think of its being an undeveloped human I " " Huniim I " said Jones contemptuously, " It's no mora human than I am I " FANCY PIGEONS. PIGEON FAX( JKU.S OK IIAI.TI.MORE. The other day we intimated to Mr. Slifcr, the energetic President of the Maryland Poultry Association, that it would be a source of gratification to us to visit some of the IJaltimore pigeon fanciers. Would he post us as to where we could find them, etc. lie responded, when we were ready let him know. We did so, and he met us at an ap- pointed hour, with his horse and carriage, and devoted the entire day with us, in visiting a few of the pigeon men of Baltimore. He took particular pains to show us fanciers as varied in class as the pigions are in varieties. The contrast was indeed, if not wonderful, to us at least, remarkable. Little did we imagine that the infatuation of the pigeon fancier was so far developed that parties would undertake to rear them under such unfavorable situations as some we visited. Nor Iwid our enthusiasm led us to deem it possible that such magnificent accommodations were provided for the feathered beauties as some we saw and visited. We never, although always an "outside" admirer of pigeons, were entirely aroused in admiration suflicient to warm us up to fever degree, until we visited Mr. Wade at Oak Lane. The first morning there, we saw Mr. Wade feed his pigeons. We gazed with amazement at the wondrous beauty of the birds : such style, elegant and magnificent beauties, we never dreamed existed in pigeon-land. As we stood there, perfectly enraptured, we thought how proud we would be were we the happy possessor of such a superb flock of pigeons. Ever since then we have had that same " hanker- ing"— a desire to visit other pigeon lofts. To be sure wo have since seen prize birds at the "show," yet there Ihey were tame in appearance in comparison with the freedom of the loft. There is an indescribable something about them, beside the sweet music of their wings, as they flit here and there; the strutting and cooing; the peculiar attractive way of bending the head so coquettishi}' on one side, and gazing at you with such a knowing expression, that im- mediately makes you love them ; and you do not know why, yet cannot resist. Then there are such a variety, and what a study some of their heads are. We can fancy we discover or see portrayed many of the characteristics of the human family. Before the day closed, I was perfectly satisfied that J[r. Slifer knew exactly where all the pigeons were kept in Baltimore. We commenced our visit at one * Mr. Muir's, a German tailor, who had kept pigeons more than sixty years. We wish we were capable of describing \ his loft— but only the eye of the camera could do it so it j would be appreciated, for it is like some other things occasionally found, must be seen to be appreciated. We ascended a narrow stairs, and after knocking, was admitted 1>V Mr. Muir into the tailor-shop, dining-room and kitchen, all in one. We had como to see the pigeons. Mr. Muir i was ready instantly to "show us up," and his "frow " r»- 202 FANCIBES' JOUEJSTAL AND PODLTEt EXCHANGE. marked to us in "splashed" English, that we bad better leave our hats down with her, which we did. Up a cork- screw stairs to a loft or garret, and we entered his " No. 1," which contained a good many — if not many good — birds. A door from this opened into "No. 2," which reminded me of the interior of some of the second-hand junk stores, the day after the great flood in Baltimore. Mr. Muir evidently does not conclude that cleanliness is one of the essentials in pigeon- breeding. What it must be there in warm weather, he nose — and we shouldn't want to. He had as fine a pair of Blue Pans as we ever saw. From there we called on a ftZaci'-Smith, not ■iro?i-ically speaking, but one Smith, a black man, who was, however, a fancier before civil rights. Eunning the gauntlet of his yard, where two ugly looking bull pups eyed us as suspiciously as though we might be sausage butchers, we ascended a steep ladder and emerged through something similar to a hatchway of aship, and straightened up, bumping our head emphatically against a pigeon roost, which some- what destroyed our enthusiasm, so that we did not notice much about Smith's pigeons. We could, however, if desi- rable, describe those fascinating "bull pups." Our next halt was atone Schmink's, who was fixed quite nicely and had some good birds, among which were Swallows, Trumpeters, Owls, etc. Then we visited Mr. 0. Becker, the noted Pouter man. Mr. Becker is very enthusiastic, and his splendid collection of birds are indeed something to be enthusiastic about. It was a grand sight, to see forty or more in one loft. He spares no pains nor means to secure the best that is to be had. We saw some that had cost him over a hundred dol- lars in gold for a single bird. His birds hold their own in any company. Mr. Becker also has some very fine Carriers. His lofts, some four in all, are in the fourth story of the large tobacco establishment of Becker Bros. Our next stop was at Mr. Geo. Schwinn's, where we found some choice birds, among which were Pantails, Swallows, Short-faced Tumb- lers, Trumpeters, Magpies, and ground Tumblers, that loill tumble, and so close to the ground, exceeding any in their circus performance we ever saw. Mr. Schwinn has a good loft, and is one of the live fanciers, well posted on pigeons. Next we drove to Mr. T. S. Gaddes, who has had built expressly for his pigeons a splendid three-story brick loft. It is as con- veniently arranged as could be desired. The first floor has a Latrobe or fire-place stove, which heats the two upper stories through registers. Large bins, containing corn, wheat, peas, etc. On the walls, neatly framed, are hung Wright's and other fine colored pictures of pigeons. Two corners of the room contain spacious pens, one for mating birds, the other for the iiospital; the latter, however, judg- ing from the way things are kept, and the looks of his birds, is seldom brought into requisition. The second story is divided into two apartments ; around the sides of each are roomy nesting boxes, each numbered. A book and a pencil hang in each room, and a record is kept of every egg laid. There are 144 nests in all. A goodly-sized fountain is playing in the larger of the two rooms on this floor, where the birds have access at all times to pure fresh water ; feed- ing hoppers, which are filled without entering the lofts. The third floor is similar, excepting the fountain ; but has, however, fresh running water. Splendid as this loft is, it cannot compete with the excellence of its beautiful feathered inhabitants. They were the great attraction. Mr. Gaddes, we understood before we visited there, kept good birds^ and we found he did — his motto seems to be quality in pre- ference to quantity. He is keeping Short-faced Tumblers, Carriers, Swallows, Trumpeters, Priests, and Archangels. Mr. Gaddes' love for his birds, and enthusiasm as a fancier, knows no limit. Mr. Slifer then drove to his place, which though last, was by no means least, as regards choice birds. His Tellow and Black Barbs are hard to equal. Almonds that were truly magnificent, as were also Turbits and Blue Owls. His favorite Blue Owl cock bird is perfect as a — picture. Mr. Slifer is a thorough, wide-awake fancier, and a day with him will convert any one in the same direction. As we had not time to complete the rounds, there being yet some of the leading fanciers to visit, they will be heard from in our next. Beooklandville, March 17, 1875. G. O. B. HOMING ANTWERPS. jFkiend Wade : I would suggest to those interested in Flying Antwerps the advisability, in all large races, of starting the birds together, and not separately, as some proposed doing. The Belgians have been at this sport for a number of years, and their experience ought to demonstrate the advantage of tossing all the birds together, and we cannot do better than follow in their footsteps. Say that a sv/eepstake of twenty birds is flown and each bird is tossed five minutes apart, that would make a difi"erence of one hour and forty minutes between the first and last bird. In that time there may be a change in the atmosphere, rain or fog, which would prove prejudicial to some of the birds in the contest. The two plans have been tried in Belgian (the birthplace of the sport), and it is hardly probable that with our limited expe- rience we can improve upon it. J. H. P. SpOI^JS|Viy\I^'s DE|=/\F^JIVIEfJ-f. advice to greenhorn. Mk. Editor : In the Kennel Department of the Fanciers' Journal, some advice is asked by " Greenhorn " in regard to a dog in his pos- session, which, with your kind permission, I will ask the liberty of giving him. Greenhorn, you say one of the " curious vaga- ries " your dog shows in the field is the continued wagging of his tail ; this, my dear fellow, is a great fault, showing lack of staunchness and uncertainty, which should at once condemn him, not mentioning his habit of blinking, as you tell us he does, when you say he will leave his point and sneak behind you when you speak loudly or come up to him suddenly. Bad ! bad I If by chance he does not blink, you remark that as soon as the gun is fired he will break shot, or, as you term it, will "rush after the game." Fearful! dear Greenhorn, worse and worse, and nothing could be more disgraceful than his " grabbing " a bird and sometimes swallowing it when by chance you do kill one. And then FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 203 you continuG, "Ho lins other faults but, they are of minor consequence " — grncious I As to his being a pure bred " bird dog — liis father being a pointer and his mother a setter" — you are partly right, ho may bo a bird dog but ho cannot bo a purely hrcd animal. Pray (.all him mongrel for short, as all crosses of pointer and setter are. To thoroughly break your dog by snipe season, my advice, without meaning offence, would bo to have a section of heavy railroad track to fall directly on his back from a dis- tance say thirty feet; this will effectual Ij^do it and save you much time and labor. Beroh. PROTECT THE SNIPE. As the season is approaeliiiig when the destruction of our migratory game birds is to begin, a word in protest will not bo amiss. At tho rate they are now decreasing, from year to year, it will be but a short time before tho Wilson snipe will be among tho things of tho past. These bird.? should not be killed on tho way to their breeding grounds. The fact that but few young are raised south of the Canada line is no rea- son why they should not be protected, and it seems strange that there are no laws for that purpose. Our shooting clubs and sportsmen should use their influence to have such laws passed. I am aware that some will say so few snipe are killed that tho subject is not worthy of legislation, and were spring shooting stopped the birds would be no more plenty than they now are. Let us look into the matter a little and see if this is correct. It is well known that the majority of snipo killed in tho spring are females, and in my own expe- rience I have found that they outnumbered the males three to one. I can give no satisfactory reason for this but it is a fact, and I can offer no stronger argument in favor of a close season. Were the birds left to themselves, each female would raise one or two broods of young, which, by the first of October (tho proper time to commence shooting), would be full-grown and strong on tho wing, and would offer so much better sport that wo might well afford to forego spring shooting. Ashley Falls, Mass., March 20, 1876. W. B®- Domesticated Quail. — We are informed by S. M. Martin, who lives near Two Kock, that he has on his place a great number of domesticated quail. For several years ho has taken great pains to guard against hunters shooting the birds, and they are now so tamo that they feed and even roost with his chickens. At times a few of the quail are trapped, but are not allowed to bo shot. — Petaluma Argus, CaliJ'oruia. B©"! ONCK killed birds in my wantonness— God forgive me— merely to test my skill witli the rifle. But I received a bitter lesson. While once passing through the woods I carelessly fired at a bird, caring only to discharge my gun, 60 as to make my next fire sure. I wounded a bird which eat upon tho fence. I felt guilt-stricken at once, and tried to catch it. Failing in that, I thought it would bo human- ity to shoot it. Before I could load my rifle it fluttered across the field, where I followed it, and found the panting sutlerer at its nest, and the blood dripping upon its young I Mv cruelty flashed upon me in all its nakedness, and I cringed under my reflections, like a guilty butcher that 1 was. B©* An Acckssory Doo. — In the Criminal Court of Memphis, Mrs. Bobitt is on trial on tho charge of shoplift- ing. She has a trained dog who is charged with nmuiing tho clerks and proprietors of tho stores while the larcenies were alleged to have been committed. The dr)g was not in- dicted as accessory by tho Grand Jury, but appeared in court to-day, probably with a view to be examined as a wit- ness. J6®" Training a Setter. — Mr. Editor: Some years ago I bought a very handsome setter pup, which grew as pups do, and out of which we expected to make a good dog. It was often remarked, " Miller, if you could train that dog he would make a good one, for lie is of good stock." But we had no time to spend, we thought, and very soon learned that he would make a setter without training. Tho owner of his sire boasted to me that the old dog set a grasshopper when three months old, and also told me that ho was offered $100 for him but refused it. It was not long until I could boast of my dog beating his parent, for when he was six weeks old he made a dead set on a fly on the floor. The whole family were called to witness it. Well, to ina1 it tho priqior time to breed (^'anary birds; and, what du^you food the old birds on? Do you have to bring tho young birds up by hand always, or will tho old birds fi'ed thom until ihejr leave tho neet? Yours truly, Nkw York, March 2.), ls7r.. N. O. BoDr. [Wo would be pleased to hear from some of our readers in answer to tho above question. — Ed.] wisconsin state poultry absociation. Friend Wade: Our State Poultry Association's show has just closed, with very flattering results, we being able to pay dollar for dollar, and having our coops, etc., with a balance in our trea.sury ahead. They elected tho following oflicers : President — Hon. .J. L. Mitchell, Milwaukee. Vice-President — Dr. II. Enos, Milwaukee. Treasure) — S. II. Seamans, Wauwulosa. Secretary — G. H. Spear, Milwaukee. Executive Committee— Co\. W. H. Hamilton, Sun Prairie; S. A. Philbrook, Brookflcid; Wilcox, Joncsvillc. MiLWAUKBE, Wis. G- H- Sl'KAR, SccrcUiT. .... I i'lNU the Journal tho best advertising medium out, I have tried over thirty papers and the Journal is ahead. Yours truly, C. N. Brown. Unadilla Fokks, N. Y., Feb, 0, 1875. J. M. Wadk, Esq. Dear Sir : You may stop my advertisement, " Eggs for Hatching," as I have already sent out over 400 circulars from it, and have all tho orders for eggs I can fill for one month. Send bill to date. Respectfully yours, iKWiN Station, Pa., March 19, 1875. W. II. Jeffries. I uave taken your valuable paper ever since it com- menced, and look forward to its coming with pleasure. I consider it a very useful and practical issue. It ouglit to be in tho hands of all who fancy poultry. Its stylo is very allractivo, and its matter very valuable, and I am glad it is not afraid to e.Nposo impositions and humbugs. Yours respectfully, C. W. Bolton. Akmonk, March 13, 1875. Jos. M. Wadk. Dear Sir: My Spanish and White Leghorns have had n tough time of it. Combs frozen solid. 1 have lost but one chicken, and consider myself quite fortunate ; some of my neighbors have gone out in the morning and found every one of their chickens frozen dead on the perches. Yours, respectfully, CoLuwATKit, Mien., Feb. 2G, 1875. AsA P. Moorman, Jr. NBW SOCIETY. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. At a meeting of poultry fanciers, held at Fronklin, Pa., March I'JtIi, 1875, "The Venango County Poultry Society" was organized, and the following officers elected : President — Joseph Bcdl. Viee-Presitlcnt—W. H. Blakely. Treasurer — Jacob Sheasley. Secretary— yf . T. Bell, Franklin, Pa. Executice Committee— X)t. I. St. Clair, B. V. Smiley, T. D. Adams, E. T. M. Simmons, Thomas Ellis. Editor Fanciers' Journal: At the annual meeting of, the " Davenport Poultry Club," tho following oflicers wero elected for the current year : President— II. U. Smith. Vice-President— i . I. Guill. Secretary — I. L. Daymude. Treasurer— v.. S. Hal lord. Executive Committee— \. J. Ouill, Major Schnitzged, and H. H. Smith Davenport, Iowa, March 1, 1875. 1 B®» A pretty little story of last Christmas is told in it French journal. Among tho French either a shoe or * stocking is hung on Christmas eve to receive the gift* of Santa Claus. Two poor people wjere lamenting their in- ability to put any present in the shoe of their little one, and were hoping for belter things next year, when tho child rushed in, wild with diOight, calling out, " See what La petit Noel has sent me I I must indeed have been good ; " and she showed her parents a poor starved litllo sparrow, which had taken refuge in the baby's shoe. The sparrow ever since has had a snug home, and bai been regarded by the little girl as a precious gift. 206 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. ADVERTISEMENTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, "will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months, 12J/^ per cent, discount. " 5^ months 25 *' " '* nine months ol]4 " '' " twelve months, 50 " " CHAIIifGED AS OFTEX AS OESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the hill, otherwise the above heavy diseounts will not be made. Exchanges limited to 4S words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and evei/ insertion. -e®* Advertisements to bc-''ure of insertion must reach this oflSce by the Monday morning mail, othei wise they are liable to be left over. NoNPAEEiL Measurement. Count your lines by this rule, fr-om line to line. Excfj;\rJqES. ^S'Advektisements in this Column, op Five Links, or Forty- Eight Words, describing and offering for exctaani^e only, will be allowed at 25 cents for each and every insertion. EMORY A. Bf OBIiE, 719 Twelfth St., Detroit, Midi., will exchange one pair Ked Barbs, one pair Blue Owls, and one pair Suabians — for Carriers or Pouters. Good birds, or none wanted. XBESr P. DAX, Hazleton, Pa., will exchange one trio Crevecffiurs, one trio Canada wild geese, two pairs Poland geese, one pair White Leg- horns, one pair Malays, cue pair B. E. R. Game (yellow legs). Silver and Golden Poland eockerells — for Dark Brahmas ; orhens or pullets of S. S. Hamhurgs, S. S. Polands, Partridge Cochin, American Dominique, or Houdans. C M. trRAY, Schenectady, N. Y., wants to exchange two pair B. B. R. Game Bantams, lor Light Brahmas or Partridge Cochins. ■W. F. IHUCHIUORE, Box 92, Basking Eidge, N. J., will exchange Black Setter pup (see advertisement under eggs for hatching), for extra, first-class poultry, only such wanted. Prefer Light Brahmas, Brown Leghorns, or B. B. Game Bantams. I warrant the pup as represented. What oflers ? Wai. I>. ZEEE, Lancaster, Pa., will exchange one Angora and two Lop-eared bucks (tine ones), for Guinea pigs. The above are good, and will make a good bargain. Address, and say wbat you will give. T. A. TVINFIEtD, Hubbard, Ohio, will exchange two cockerels and eight hens. Dark Brahma, for other varieties, or for Fancy Pigeons. The hens are very finely penciled, free from white shaft, and are heavily GEO. F. MCcCOJTJfEEL, 67 Warren St., Hudson, N. Y., will ex- change one trio Houdans, No. 1 birds (not akin), for first-class fancy pigeons. For full particulars address as above. A. A. ROBBINS, Smithville, Jefferson Co., N. Y., will exchange Butt' Cochin or Houdans pullets, for ducks, fancy pigeons, or Game Ban- tams. Only good stock wanted. GIEBERT E. AI.DRICH, Mattituck, Long Island, N. Y., will exchange a good Dark Brahma cockerel (Miller's celebrated strain), for a good Light Brahma cock or cockerel. Must have a good bird, as mine is; or will exchange for anything else valuable. G. W. CHIDSEY, Elmira, N. Y., offers to exchange one Black CocLiiu hen, one pullet (fhihinder Williams' stock). Hen has taken four first premiums— for Silver-,SpangIed Hamburgs or Buff Leghorns. S. ». R. SMITH, West Branch Poultry Yards and Pigeon Lofts, Williamsport, Pa., will exchange pure Light and Dark Brahma, Bufl'and White Cochin, Houdan, White Leghorn, G. S. Hamburg, and Black Java Eggs— for fancy pigeons. Also, fowls for pigeons. ». FRAITK EEI.IS, Cambridge, Mass., will exchange Blue-w. furbits, for Black At'ri9au Bantam pullets— but they must be good. ged AI.FRED A. BEROW, Lock Box 702, Watertown, N, Y., would exchange one pair V/i inch steel spurs, for one B. B. E. Game cock. Br. GEO. M. BARBER, Benton Center, Yates Co., N. Y., will exchange a copy of Tegetmeier's Illustrated Poultry Book, for a good Brown Leghorn cock or cockerel. ■WM. G. BAKER, Norwalk, Huron Co., Ohio, will exchange one five horse-power portable steam engine, with a buzz and drag saw attach- ment, in good order ; also, one four-wheel velocipede, two males and one female Ferrets, and two B. B. R. Game Bantam cockerels. Will take fancy pigeons for velocipede, Ferretts, and Bantams. What oflers for engine or all ? J. P. SfELEES, Johnstown, N. Y., wants in exchange for fancy poultry and eggs, of the leading varieties, merchandise; viz., groceries of all kinds, dry goods, books, or anything else valuable. Fowls are good stock. Goods must be the same. B. A. WHITSIEY, Meadville, Pa., wants an offer in fancypigeons, for a genuine straight-stemmed meerschaum pipe; cost fifteen dollars at wholesale, bran new, never been smoked. Only first-class birds need be offered. G. M. BREWER, Lamhertville, Hunterdon Co., N. J., will exchange a few Light Brahma hens (Wade's stock), two years old, good size, very dark necks, pea comb — for Plymouth Rocks. None but good stock wanted. J. G. CHAMPEIN, Jr., Wakefield, E. L, will exchange a sitting of fifteen pure-bred White Leghorn eggs, from premium stock, for a No. 1 yellow Jacobin cock. " FANCIER," Box 314, Worcester, Mass., will exchange one trio Dark Brahma clucks (Williams' strain), worth §12; also, two trios Light Brahma chicks, same strain, worth %\1 per trio; one pair White Leghorn chicks, worth SIO; and Brown Leghorns, worth Slo per trio — for a good revolver, cutlery, or other articles. WIEI, EXCHAHTGE.— A Leibrandt & McDowell Egg Cylinder Hot-air Furnace, as good as new, for Poultry, Pigeons, or any variety of pet stock. Only good stock wanted. What oifers ? Address P. 0. Box 86, Tamaqua, Pa. EDWARD FESSER, Kensico, N. Y., will exchange one Golden- Spah'^^Jed Hamburg cockerel, and Silver-Spangled hens or pullets, for Silver-PeiTeiled Hamburgs, or Silver Sebright Bantams. A superb Alex- andre organ, fdi'"-^ roekawaylight wagon, or H. R. Jersey cow. "FASreiER," Bos 314, Worcester, Mass., wants a good lined buf- falo, wolf, or bear skin robe, in exchange for pure-bred fowls. Have on hand two trios Light Brahmas;,' one trio Dark Brahmas (Williams' strain) ; pair White Leghorns (Smith's strain) ; also, ten trios Brown Leg- hor , best in America. A. K. MARTIIV, Box 1384, Bing'i-.amton, N. Y., will exchange one pair of Black Leghorns; one Blue-pied Firntail cock ; one Blue-pied Car- rier cock; one Silver Duckwiug Bantam p.ullet; and one fine Rouen duck, for Pouter Pigeons or Lop-eared rabbits. BENJ. WHITE, Colerain, Belmont County, ,Ohio, will exchange one Pointer pup, six mouths old, partly yard-broken vTihoice pup (male) ; one Game cock, two years old (Dead Game, white hack-le stock); nine Embden geese eggs — for one pair of Pouters, and one paiy* of Eed Jaco- bins. Stock must be good. i, B. H. HERO, Milford, Mass., will exchange Blue Spots, S\Uver and Black Baldlieads, Blue Beards (males). Black Nun, Blue Swallow, .White Ruffs, Blue Tumbler hens, White Fans, Red Baldhead Fans, and VVhite Poland fowls— for Black Fans, Blue Beards, Black Baldhead, White Tur- bit. Yellow Barb, and Yellow Ruff' hens. - FOR EXCHANGE.— A Pile Game stag, two Golden-Penciled Hamburg cocks, and one Creve cock — for Pile Game Bantam, White Co-- chin. White Polish, Creve, or Dominique hens. What offers? G. W. FREDERICK, 117 North Sixth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. GUSTA'VE HCNOED, 46 Page Street, Providence, R. L, has for exchange one imported German Setter, well broken ; one English Setter pup, six months old, to exchange for a good double-barreled gun; one Fox Hound to exchange for Lop-eared Rabbits. TO EXCHANGE One trio G. S. Hamburgs; One pair B. B. Red iame Bantams; One pair Silver Duckwing Game Bantams; One pair ^ npeters— for Ferrets or Silver-gray doe, Lop-eared doe, or other ancy Rabbits We guarantee satisfaction. C. V. HOLDER, Box 200, Bio ngton, nis. WIEE EXCHANGE.— For choice Pigeons, and extra quality Fancy Rabbits, a few Partridge Cochins from my prize-winning and other choice stock, but not my best specimens. Also, one trio Golden Polish fowls for rabbits or pigeons. W. H. BRACKETT, Washington National Bank, Boston, Mass. WIEE EXCHANGE.— Two fine White Leghorn or Partridge Cochin pullets, for a WhiteLeghorn cock or cockerel, good comb, ear- lobes, Ac, of J. Boardmau Smith's stock. Also, some good Sultan fowls in exchange for other pure bred poultrv. STEPHEN TILSON, Tilsonburg, Ont. WIEE EXCHANGE A New Illustrated Bookof Domestic Poul- try, by Martin Doyle, New edition, colored plates, for No. 1 Black B, R. Game Bantam cock, or a fine Eose-comb White Dorking hen, which has won several prizes for the same. STEPHEN TILSON, Tilsonburg, Ont. WIEE EXCHANGE A fine pair of Himalayan Rabbits, for merchandise. What offer ? JOS. M. WADE, Philadelphia, Pa. WIEE EXCHANGE One Chinese Silver Pheasant cock, and Eed-Winged Turbits, for Brown or Black Leghorns. Must be first-class, fowls, as mine are. Address WM. H. GLENN, West Chester, Pa. JOHN E. EIPP, Paterson, N. J., will exchange one Guinea cock and three heus, one Bronze Turkey hen, three Grey Turkey hens, Light Brahma hens, and Dark Brahma cockerels, first-class — for White or Partridge Cochins. White Cochins preferred. What offers? W. C. HART, Box 152, Clinton, N. Y., will exchange an Adams Printing Press, in good running oriler, and in good order every way, prints a form 10 X 12 inches — will take anything ort'ered in pigeon line, that is first-class, excepting Tumblers or 'Toys. What offers ? ' FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTBY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, APKIL 8, 1875. No. 14. PodLjf^Y DEp^^i^TiviEflT. THE SHOW AT POETLAND. J. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : I linvo not seen any comments in your paper on the exhibition of poultry and pigeons, lately held in Portland. As it was too good a show to be passed by in silence, I will endeavor to give your readers a few leading points of attraction, and a description of some of the stock of one or two of the most successful exhibitors. This is the second exhibition hold by this Association, and it is only within the last two or three years that any enthusiasm^ has been manifested in the State of Maine for the feathered tribe. The exhibition was held at the City Hall, one of the finest in the country, large, well lighted, and well ventilated. The main hall was devoted exclusively to poultry, and a largo hall adjoining was devoted to pigeons. The number of entries were some over eight hundred, with about six hundred of fowls, and two hundred of pigeons. The largest and principal exhibitors of Asiatics, were F. P. Harris, of Portland, and P. O. Bailey, of Deering, Maine. Mr. Har- ris was a very successful exhibitor last year in Partridge Cochins, Dark and Light Brahmas, and was the owner of, and bred from, the celebrated Lady Gwydyr trio of Dark Brahmas, imported from England, and won many premiums on all the above varieties ; this season ho paid especial atten- tion to Partridge Cochins, and all the birds ho exhibited were very iino, and one or two trios are hard to beat. He is the owner of Dictator and mates, that won five first premiums in Massachusetts, and one in Maine; also, the celebrated trio Gold Leaf and mates, that as chicks last year won the first at Buft'alo, as Partridge Cochin chicks, and the sweep- stakes at the same exhibition, as being the best trio on ex- hibition. Ho is also owner of Gold Bar and mates, which won first as fowls, in Portland, and I think would have won in Boston, if they had been shown, as I saw no trio there that I thought would match them as a trio ; his chicks that won the first I do not think can be matched, they are supe- rior in pencilling to any I have over seen, far better than those that won first at Buft'alo, and these were called very extra by some of the best judges in the country, and 1 saw none that would compare with them at Boston. He alio owns Bising Sun that throw some extra fine chicks for cock- erels, fine in color of plumage, black on breast, and fluff and well-feathered legs. Ho took about all the premiums on fowls and chicks, and lie deserved them I think. He has a fine breeding stock of Partridge Cochins, and he has spared no pains nor expense to have the best if possible. F. O. Bailey makes a specialty of Light Brahmas and Buff Cochins, and the [)remiums awarded him show that he is very strong on these two varieties. His records at Port- land, in 1874, was on Jjight Brahmas; the Society's silver cup, for best collection, 1st, on fowl ; 2d, 3d, 5th, on chicks. And on Buff Cochins, Society's cup, for best collection, 1st, 2d, 3d, on fowls. This year he exhibited twenty-eight trios, and won as follows : Society's cup, for best collection of Light Brahmas, 1st, 2d, 3d, on fowls ; 1st, 2d, 4th, on chicks. Light Brahma specials, for the best three trio chicks, second, do. ; third, do. ; also special for best cock and cock- erel. On Buff Cochins he won Society's cup for best collec- tion, 1st and 3d, on fowls; 1st, 2d, 3d, 5th, chicks. At the exhibition just closed, in Boston, he won 2d and 3d on Buff, fbwls ; 1st, 2d, 3d, on Buff chicks, and Association's cup for the best collection of Buffs. He is the exclusive owner of all the Buffs formerly owned by Philander "Williams, of Taunton, recently bought from him, including the celebra- ted cock, imported from England at a large sum, called Hiram, one of the best breeding cocks in the country. On this transfer, Mr. Williams disposed of all his Buffs, and is not going to breed them any more. Mr. Bailey has undoubt- edly now, taking the two stocks together, the finest and best breeding stock of Buffs there is in the country. The exhibition, at Boston, was the largest and finest I have seen, and far in advance of the last, both as to numbers, and espe- cially as to quality of fowl. There was a marked difference in the quality of tho Light Brahmas and Partridge Cochins of this year, over last, and hope to see a steady improvement in quality at each exhibition. The largest exhibitor at our show was Albert Noyes, of Bangor, the President of the Association. He has bred fowls for a great many years, and keeps a largo variety, and won several premiums. On White Cochin fowls he won oth ; diploma on chicks. Golden Spangled Hamburg, fowls, 1st. Silver Spangled Hamburgs, 3d. Plymouth Rock, fowls, 4th ; chicks, 2d and 3d. He showed some good White Leghorns, Light Brahmas and Dominiques, and quite a largo collection of fancy pigeons. W. S. Tilton, of Togus, Kennebec Co., Maine, exhibited some fine Black-red Game Bantams, and some very fine Spangled Game Bantams, fowls and chicks; he won 2d on fowls, and 3d on chicks. F. Atwood, of Wintcrport, showed Game Bantams, Black African Bantams, Plymouth Rocks, and Light Brahmas. C. F. Blaisdell, of York, Me., had it pretty much all his own way; on Dominique Leg- horns he won 1st and 2d on fowls, and 1st, 2d and 4th, on 214 PANOIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. chicks. K. Gr. Hall, of Portland, Me., showed some fine Games ; he won 2d and 4th on Brown-reds, 1st on Blue Pile, 2d on Black Game. Earl Derby, chicks, 1st ; White Game, chicks, 1st; he makes a specialty of Games. John A. Lord, of Kennebunk, showed some White Cochin fowls, on which he won 1st and 4th, and on chicks, 4th and 5th. Plymouth Eocks, 1st and special on chicks. I give the above list merely to show some of the principal exhibitors, and also to show that the interest in first-class fowls is growing very rapidly in this State. I think the first exhibition ever held in the State, was at Bangor, several years ago, and, if my memory serves me right, there were about one hundred coops. The first held in Portland, was in 1874, and there were about four hundred entries, this year there were over eight hundred, and the difi"erence in the quality of fowl from year to year, has been as great as the difference in the number of the entries. I believe for next year the fowls are to be judged in pairs, and that every exhibitor shall pos- itively own the fowl he exhibits six months before the ex- hibition. The first part (judging in pairs), I do not think well of, but the positive ownership of the bird six months I do. Tours respectfully, POETLAMD, Feb., 1875. W. W. Stbvens. REPLY OF PROF. H. A. CORBETT. Mr. Joseph M. Wade. Sir: Your issue. No. 9, of the 4th inst., contains an anonymous letter, written evidently with the intention to hurt me. Understand, I do not wish to enter into any dis- cussion in any journal ; but, for this once, will reply to this attack. The author says plainly that my advertisement is a humbug, and states many other ridiculous things to your intelligent readers, and it is easy to see that he has some de- sign of his own to prejudice my invention and interests. Now, as every malicious aspersion leaves some bad impres- sion, the author has been guilty of a serious scandal to affect my reputation and standing. This person says that he has received my circular, therefore, of course, he has read it, but says nothing of the premiums that I have received — not a word of the laudatory articles that are annexed to it, ex- tracts taken from newspapers, and reports made by honora- ble and scientific men — but he has taken great care to mention that it speaks of a book sold at fifty cents, and it is this pam- phlet that he attacks. The circular also mentions what the book contains, but the book contains more than is said of it in that circular. He further states that this book only con- tains what other authors say on the same — another misrep- resentation. There are certainly quotations of other authors, but I have given their names ; and, in compiling a work like mine (the only one of its kind which has over been pub- lished), I have only done what others of the craft do in giving the source from which I derived my information, and if I had not done so, should have been guilty of a o-ross breach of parliamentary etiquette. My pamphlet was not intended to hurt any inventor of artificial incubators to add to the success or profit of my apparatus, since all those whom I know to exist have been quoted in it. This is a proof of my sincerity. He gives me no credit for my researches and my discovery, which is my work ; the fruits of my trouble after a long, painful, and costly experience. This would have been spared me if I could have found a book like mine, but none existed. This person— I really feel I do him a great honor to re- ply to his letter — greatly misrepresents my position (to use a mild expression) when he states that the Pennsylvania Poultry Society invited me and offered to pay my expenses if I would exhibit my apparatus at their show. I should have been but too happy to have accepted this offer, if it had been made me. I had made application to the Connecticut State Poultry Society to allow me to exhibit my apparatus, but the Secretary of that Society wrote me in his letter, dated November 17th, 1874, that they had no room, and at the same time regretted that the public would be deprived of this great attraction. If I was a humbug, should I have been at the enormous expense to exhibit and put in opera- tion six apparatus at the fairs of Rochester, Albany, Sara- toga, Eiderhead, and Queens County, to say nothing about those that were on exhibition during four months at the American Institute, in New York City. More than a million persons, at these different places saw them, and were struck with their utility and simplicity. Not being content with all this, all the breeders of poultry, principal editors of newspapers, and poultry journals and farmers, have been invited by this circular to come and see at our establishment our apparatus in operation. If I did not think I should intrude on your goodness, I could send you numberless newspapers and letters to prove that it is no humbug. The author of this letter also appears to ignore our establishment, which again proves that our establishment is the only one of its kind in the United Sta- tes, and very probably in the whole world. The Poultry World, in its June number, 1874, gave an engraving of one of our poultry houses, and hardly a day passes but we are con- sulted by those who are engaged in the raising of poultry, either in the choice of works thereon, journals, or the differ- ent breeds of fowls, and visitors are so numerous that we have especially set aside two days in the week to show our establishment to the public, and the apparatus in operation. What I have already written is, I hope, suflScient to prove to your readers the value of your correspondent, and will enable them to judge the man who has made so much noise over a pamphlet that only costs fifty cents, and who possi- bly does not possess intelligence enough to appreciate its value ; for, it frequently happens that people who have bought one copy, send for several others for their friends and relations. The author further states that he is not sure we have a patent. This he can ascertain from the Commissioner of Patents, and will find it was allowed January 2d, 1875, as stated at the head of our circular. In scandalizing me he also attacks naturally the honor of the committees, judges, and commissioners who have awarded me premiums, one gold medal, etc. I cannot for a mo- ment believe that you would allow a similar letter in the columns of your journal, and I am convinced that those of your readers who may have seen my apparatus in operation, and who know me, and every other impartial reader will be pleased to find that you have published this reply. With all due consideration, I remain, Yours respectfully, HicKSviLLE, Queens CoDHTY.L. I., N.Y., Pkoe. H. Cokbett. March 17, 1875. OUR TRIP TO MILWAUKEE. Having been earnestly solicited by President Seamans, of the Wisconsin State Poultry Association, to assist in judging at their show held at Milwaukee, we started out at 1 P.M., Thursday, February 25. PANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 215 Tho weathor was quite warm and acceptable after our long winter, but before we reached Buffalo a cold snow storm set in and continued till wo arrived at Milwaukee, at one o'clock A.M. on Saturday, having been thirty-six hours on tho road. After a few hours slciep and breakfast, wo made our way to tho hall where wu met with a warm reception from tho officers. Our old friend C. P. Willard, of the National Live Stock Journal, who was also selected as one of the judges, soon made his appearance. We found tho coops all nicely arranged and were informed that we could at once l)rocoed to business which wo did. Our time was so thoroughly and pleasantly occupied that we were surprised when Mr. G. H. Spear announced " din- ner," and we gladly accepted his kind invitation to dine with him. After partaking of our satisfactory meal and enjoying a social chat with his agreeable family, he took us to his pigeon loft where the good taste displayed in the arrange- ment and tho neatness of tho loft struck us forcibly at once, but our attention was irresistibly taken from the room and centered on its inmates, which consisted of many choice varieties of pigeons. In addition to these, Mr. Spear had many pairs at the show and carried oft' his share of honors. We wore pleased to notice that Mrs. Spear appeared to be much interested in the birds. We will venture to assert that there is now and then a fancier whose "better half" does not take so much interest in his chicken notions. This reminds us of a joke that one of our prominent Western fanciers related while we were on our way home. He stated that his first experience in the "chicken business" was in the purchase of a dozen high-priced eggs and a hen to hatch them. In the morning ho placed the eggs under the hen and went .ibout his business, returning to dinner the same eggs and hen were on the table waiting to be served, his wife remarking as innocently as a lamb, " I had your hen and eggs cooked for dinner, I thought that would be the cheapest way to cure you of the fever." He is not cured however, but is one of our most substantial men of the West. But to return to the show room. Wc continued our judging and when we left on Saturday evening every pen was judged. The hall was not opened to the public until Monday, March 1. This young society is deserving of especial note for accomplishing what older societies have often attempted but failed to perform, viz.: That of having the fowls judged and the premium cards placed before admitting the public. The judges were not allowed to know the owners names till after their decision was rendered. When we are called on to judge, this arrangement pleases us knowing that it is quite natural for some exhibitors to complain of partiality when their birds fail to win if tho judges are previously ad- vised of the ownership. In numbers of entries the exhibi- tion could not well compare with our Eastern shows, but our Western friends have reason to bo proud of the excellence of their birds, and when we meet at Chicago next winter we may expect a good record from the West. Very respectfully, Westmorf.l.vnm, JUrch 25, ISTo. J. Y. BiCKNELL. "HELD FOR POSTAGE." WHAT A VAXCIKR IH1>. SoMK there are who wonder why it is that there never appear in the papers a list of letters detained in the office for postage. The reason why this list does not appear is because we have a true philanthropist among us in the per- son of Captain 8. J. Bestor, tho well-known and popular real estate agent, who kindly places upon all letters dropped into the post-office, unstamped, the stamps necessary to carry them to their destination. It is singular how many letters are dropped into the office, unstamped, by business men who ought to have their thoughts about them. Some weeks tho number is as high as 160, and these are directed to all parts of the world. Within a few days letters have been sent to Europe, tho Azores, Sandwich Islands, South America, and other equally remote countries. During 1874 Mr. Bestor sent over 4000 letters from this city to their destination, thus gaining the gratitude of at least five thousand people. This good work re.«ulted in his being out of pocket between $40 and S-jO, but the letters re- ceived from various parties, returning thanks, amply repay him for his trouble. Many of the letters acknowledge that the writer is under great obligations, and contain substan- tial remittances, varying from a three-cent stamp to $2. A letter which he mailed to Peru, brought back an answer and a " un sol " bill of the bank of Arequipa, which is worth over $1 in our money, of very neat design, and valuable, if nothing else, for a curiosity. The sender was Mr. J. How- ard Johnston, who was at one time draughtsman at tho office of the Valley Kailroad Compan\-, and who is now en- gineer on a railroad in Peru, being stationed at a point 13,000 feet above the level of the sea. He thanks Mr. Bes- tor for the favor, the letter forworded being one of great value to him. And Mr. Bestor can show hundreds of let- ters, written in very complimentarj' terms. Mr. Bestor has an imitator in New Haven, Mr. J. G. Chapman, who is also doing a good work. And this exidains why Hartford pa- pers do not publish a list of letters held for postage — there are none held, all arc forwarded, and 3[r. Bestor deserves the thanks of the community for his philanthropieal work. —Hartford Post. WITHHOLDING PRIZES. One of the rules of most, if not all, poultry shows, is "that the judges are empowered to withhold prizes when, in their opinion, the specimens are not of sufficient merit." This we consider a very necessary and just rule, and one we should like to see more generally enforced At first sight it may seem very unjust to the exhibitors who pay their entry fees, the expenses of carriage, and the trouble of dis- patching the birds to the show — in fact, doing exactly the same as other exhibitor.^ — and all for nothing. The birds, it may be admitted, are undoubtedly the best in the class ; but, it must be remembered, we are only for withholding the prizes in such cases where the specimens are, in the judge's opinion, either indifferent or bad in quality. Shows were originally established for the purpose of im- proving the various breeds of poultry and pigeons, and when prizes are awarded to inferior birds, and the judges know them to be far below the usual standard of excellence, then ho is only encouraging the breeding of imperfect speci- mens. When once a bird has taken a prize, its owner looks upon it with far greater admiration, and in some instances it becomes in his opinion a beau i<1(al of the variety to which it may belong, for did not Mr. So-and-So award it a first prize ? Whereas, as is often the case, it is not worth j half the value of the prize awarded to it, the quality of the I class being unusually bad, and those competing mere apolo- ' gies for birds. The consequence is these almost worthless 216 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. specimens are oftea advertised as prize-winners, when in reality they ought never to have been mentioned. We know many committees object to judges not awarding the usual prizes, as they say exhibitors will think they were trying to withhold the prizes for their own pecuniary bene- fit, and if they are not given, no matter how bad the birds were, they will be accused of having broken faith with ex- hibitors who supported their show. In this opinion we entirely differ, and consider it is the duty of a judge, no matter what exhibitors may say, in every case, when he considers there is no bird of sufficient merit, to withhold the prize or prizes, as every true fancier objects to seeing undeserving birds take honors which they ought never to have had. — The Country. DUCKS. The Aylesbury ducks, all things considered, may stand first — an excellent variety alive or dead. Their plumage is purely white, no other color in any degree can be allowed. Their bills are long, and of a very light flesh color ; in certain localities, however, the light color it is said becomes yellow, in such places we should advise our friends to try some other variety. Their legs are of an orange color, strong and short. Bodies broad, and of considerable length. Necks well curved and long. In the neighborhood of Aylesbury great care is taken of these birds, and very early ducklings go from thence to the London market. Eouen ducks come next, and very heavy handsome birds they are. How they acquired their name has not been satisfac- torily explained, and for our part we are almost disposed to consider them as English as the roast beef of the old country. They have broad breasts, long slender necks, and long bills. The plumage of the drake is very fine, with "his rich green head, wingschiefly of grayish-brown, but showing also green, blue, and white. The duck, of course, is less showy, though her wings display the same variety of color ; but then, her head is brown, which color is relieved only by two stripes of a lighter shade. The legs are orange. These birds when fattened will come to surprising weight, and they will do better than the Aylesbury where water is scarce. We now come to more elegant, but small, and perhaps less profitable breeds, of which the black East Indian is a great favorite, and may almost be described as graceful, certainly as neat. The plumage is black, tinted with green, and the legs are dark, as well as the bill. The pure East Indian must never show the white feather. The Call ducks are very pretty, and first-class eating too. A slice of one of these little fellows after a day's hunting goes down very kindly, as we know by experience. We have for years past tried an occasional cross with a Mallard, and many a choice morsel has been the result, though we for our regu- lar stock never allow the pure white to become mixed. Plumage pure white, bill unspotted yellow, the body round, close, and the form very neat, is our idea of a Call duck. Some people may say a word for the gray birds — we prefer the white. In addition to ducks, great and small, already mentioned, there is the Muscovy — great, curious-looking, curious-man- nered, hissing birds. We should rather call them an extra of the farmyard. The scarlet flesh around the eye, the varie- gated plumage, the size, and the distance they will allow between themselves and the water, are remarkable points. They will cross with other varieties, and are very tame. Before concluding our remark on ducks, we ought, per- haps, to mention, that good, and even necessary, as is the custom of hatching some early ducklings under hens, still it is generally allowed to be unwise to keep birds so hatched as stock birds. It is also advisable to shut up drakes, or most of them, when ducks are sitting or have young, as about this time many of the drakes are very troublesome, both to mothers and young. The sexes are soon to he distinguished by their cry, that of the duck being a more decided and quickly repeated " quack," whilst there is something like hoarseness from the throat of the drake. The curly tail is not an infallible and trustworthy sign, as we have known many old ducks with a most perfect curl. The easiest and most common way of judging when good ducklings are fit to die, is to observe if they are " getting cross-winged." They will do well then, and not much before then. — Agricultural Gazette. MRS. PARTINGTON AT THE BOSTON SHOW. Mks. Partington attended the Boston show and was so pleased after being shown around by one of the committee, who explained the different breeds of fowls, etc., to her, that the next day she brought Ike and showed him through explaining things thusly : " Them alloverish in two colors are the Pinical Bocks, which- was first imported by Mr. Noah, when he first run ashore at Bunker Hill. Them are the Sliver Strangled Hamburgs, see what beautiful foliage they have, and so instinctly stran- gled on every feather ; the man called my articular intention to this yesterday. Those are the BruflF Cochins, see how conceedingly large ; there are three more kinds, the White, Black, and Patridge. Them are the Easy-atic, or Dark Burramers ; I include Easy-atic is French — and them right here are the Light Dark Burramers, they come in two kinds. Them are spotted ones, with a lump of feathers on the head, are the Howdans, are all inported from France, in Paris. Them black ones are Sieve-Cores. Them with such bad looking eyes are Sliver Duck-wring Game. All that long row of communitive creaters are the Bandom class, these are yet small? That is a pen of Rowing ducks, they are impert in the water, and instant layers. Them's the Sheking duek, and the man said the next coop were ditto, but they tooA just like the others. These are just the common poodle duck, and " — "Oh well," said Ike, " lits git out of this fowl place," '' Ike, you should be ashamed to make gravity in such a place, for my part, I am reclined to think there is nothing more confined than to dwell in consistency over God's beautiful creaters, it lifts the mind to helms above and causes us to ponder at the minstrelsy of the thunderous works of nature." G. 0. B. PEDIGREE. Pkiknd Wade : Permit me to state that I am an ardent admirer of pedi- gree; but I want the pedigree of the man, rather than that of his feathered family. If he has sprung from honest stock, and is worthy of his sire and dame, I value such a pedigree more highly than those tracing back to the mysterious, im- mortalized birds from which have sprung all the fights and fowls of Asiatic origin. I have recently "scaled" some "pedigreed" birds, and FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE 217 I have been declared too " pointed " in my labors. I repro- duce my results that the honest, intelligent readers of your valuable journal may pass judgment on the same. Beak (point on each) 2 Comb (peas stand four points; middle row, five), 5 (side rows, five each ; i as largo, J each), .5 Head (one to a bird), 1 .Byes (two, if no accident), 2 WaWZes (two, if no accident), 2 Deaf-Ear (two, if no accident) 2 Neck (one to a bird), 1 Breast (one to a bird), 1 Back (one to a bird), 1 Winffs (two, if no accident), 2 rati (one, if not moulting), 1 Legs (two to each bird, very long in " pedi- greed" stock) 4 JJ'te^ (one, if broad enough), 1 Toes (being young, spurs undeveloped, four on each foot) 8 Carriage (this bird allowed sixteen inches of sunlight ; under him should have, say), . . 4 Pedigree (eight for each generation ; value of seven generations), 56 Total, 98 Now, do you not think that is enough for pedigree? I know of no other way to make a good "count" for some fowls that I have seen ; but, being pedigreed, they must be "all right." Sam. aUESTIONABLE INNOVATIONS. Mr. Wadk. Dear Sir : I should like to say a few words in j'our val- uable Jourttal — which, by the way, is taking the lead in poultry literature very rapidl}' — on the subject of eradica- ting from our yards the numerous subvarieties of our old standard breeds which are fast claiming attention at our shows, to the neglect mayhap of the latter and merely en- couraging the ridiculous fancy of breeding for some useless point which gives a slight satisfaction if obtained perma- nently, but by neglecting destroys other excellencies which_ are more to be desired than those peculiarities. The Pea- combed Cochins, for instance, may be given as an example. I do not know how a man would go to work on the old style of Cochins to procure the desired eyesore, but suppose that after the various crosses and recrosses, in-breedings and out-breedings, he succeeds in his task, let him look at his stock and see if, while he has been striving for the result obtained, he has not necessarily neglected some point of excellence and thus sacrificed it to this notion which has got possession of his fancy. There may be a slight advantage of breeding Cochins with pea-combs but the little good it may do in pre- venting frozen combs is likely to be balanced by the harm it may do in some other way. There are now numbers of men who breed ditVerent varieties of Games which the oldest fanciers have probably never heard of, and I think that if those fanciers' yards were examined it would be found that the fowls were allowed rather indiscriminate intercourse and that the Tarters, or " AVhat-nots," would produce birds which though pure game would disappoint the purchaser who expected to find /ac similes of the old birds in his young stock. Take the one variety of Bantams, and we have a list long enough to frighten any novice out of the idea of keep- ing fowls at all, and when this extends to all varieties, as it appears rapidly to be doing, the result will be that every man will discover tliat he is keeping mongrels on which he cannot depend and dunghills will bo once more the cry. I remain yours truly, New Yobk, March 19, 1875. BlaCK Red. PiqEOfJ DE[=A^F\J|VlEfJ-I-. The Philadelphia Pigeon Flying Society, No. 1, has ar- ranged the following sweepstakes or races for 1875. Prom Monmouth Junction, on the New York Road (50 miles), on May 6th, with old birds; on June 26th, from Wilmington, with young birds (28 miles); on July 31st, from New York (92 miles), with old birds; on August 28th, from North-east (52 miles), on the Baltimore Road ; with young birds, on September 18th, from Washington (138 miles). The entrance foe for these races or sweepstakes is S5 for stamping old birds, and $2 for young birds. Any one living within two miles of Girard College can enter in the young bird's fly ; ami anyone living within fifteen miles of the Philadelphia State House can enter in the fly from New York or the Washington race. There will be three prizes given in each of these races. The first one will be a prize of honor, and a first money prize ; the second and third will be money prizes. In the Washington fly the President will give a beautiful gold modal for a prize of honor. The assist- ant Secretary, Mr. Joseph M. Wade, will give a silver cup for the first bird who will secure both these prizes and the first money prize. For further particulars address Mr. Thomas Grist. rrcsideut of the Plul.iilolpliia Flying Society N'o. 1, 201.'? Ridge Avenue. FAIRMOUNT PIGEON FLYING SOCIETY. RACING RULES. The following races are arranged for the season 1875, to take place in the following order : A Siceepsiake from Vallci/ Forge, 24 miles, on July hih,for birds bred this gear. A Siceepsiake from Baltimore, 100 miles, October l8iA, iclth birds of all ages. 1. The entrance fee to this Societv shall be twenty-five 218 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. cents, and dues, ten cents per week. Any gentleman be- coming a member of this Society shall pay up all back sub- scriptions. 2. No member shall be allowed to compete for either prize until his subscriptions and all money due by him to the Society shall have been paid. 3. All birds for the first fly shall squeak when marked and numbered with the Society's stamp, by the Treasurer or Secretary, who will record their description for after refer- ence, and a fee of twenty-five cents will be charged for each bird so marked. All birds intended for marking shall arrive before ten o'clock, p.m., on the several meeting nights. 4. Bach member must name to what address his bird shall come, when such bird is stamped ; and not more than four members' birds shall come to the same address. No member allowed to mark more than six birds. 5. Each member shall be allowed to send one bird only to compete for any one race, and all back money shall be paid up on or before the 1st of May, and no members will be admitted after the above date. 6. Each bird competing for the prizes shall be marked at the starting post before such bird is tossed, the time and mark to be entered in a book by the timekeepers, and on arrival, the time and mark shall also be taken and entered by the timekeepers when the bird pitches ; and the birds must be produced for the marks to be verified. 7. Should any member's bird be flying when the race bird comes, then time shall be taken when the last bird of the flight pitches, excepting the race bird be caught, and num- ber taken ; then the catching time shall be recorded, and shall stand good. No member to send, or cause to be sent, any bird, or birds, except those intended for competition, in any direction whatever on race day, under pain of forfeiture of all moneys paid for such race. Time allowance shall be five seconds for each 100 yards, to be calculated by Philadel- phia map. 8. The prizes shall be awarded in the following manner : three-fourths of the funds for each race shall be awarded in the following order : two-thirds for the first bird, two-thirds of the one-third for the second, and the remainder for the third. If no birds arrive on race day in the above manner, the money to be refunded for second race. 9. All members to pay one dollar extra for second race, on or before the fifth of August. All birds marked free of charge for this race. All birds must be marked on or before the last meeting night before the race day. 10. Arrangements shall be made on the meeting night previous to each fly, such as appointing starters, time of tossing the birds, timekeepers, etc. Should any question arise not specified in the above rules, such questions shall be decided by a majority of votes at the next notified meeting. 11. All expenses for advertising, printing, stationery, etc., to be defrayed by the whole of the members in equal parts by extra payment. By order of Committee. Jambs Schofibld, Levi Rostkon, William Gladwin. President, "William Gladwin. Secretary, Levi Eostron. Vice-President, Edward Coy. Treasurer, Peter Kershaw. A little scholar at a Sabbath School was told by his teacher that the manna that fell to feed the children of Israel was bread, when he exclaimed, " Didn't it fall butter- side down 7 Mine always does." Sf=OF^jS|vi;^|^'s De[=;\f^t1^^NT" "greenhorn's dog." Mr. Editor: I have read with satisfaction the articles in your late issues on the above subject. " W " is right in advising his owner to drown him. The dog is a vile cur, and just what might be expected from his breeding. Crossing breeds al- ways produces mongrels, as well in the moral attributes as in the physical conformation. The cross between the setter and pointer is known as the "dropper," and where you get one passably good field dog thus bred, you will get a dozen good-for-nothing brutes, not worth the powder and lead it would take to kill them — Captain Bogardus to the contrary notwithstanding. Still, we occasionally find well-bred animals having all the faults of Greenhorn's dog, but they are the effects of bad breaking. Feathering on a stand is not necessarily the result of bad or impure blood, but is sometimes the conse- quence of a weak and defective nose, which leaves the dog uncertain as to the presence of the bird; but it is much more frequently caused by incessantly talking to a young dog while on his point, thus distracting and dividing his at- tention. Many shooters keep up a continuous "tohoing," in stentorian tones, from the moment the dog stops until the game is flushed ; and the young dog, while instinct and duty prompt him to maintain his point, acknowledges the command and responds to the unnecessary din of his incompetent trainer by wagging his tail; therefore, if you want your dog rigid on his stand, give him the word but once or twice, and that in a low, subdued tone. Blinking and gun-shyness are frequently hereditary ; though the former is often caused by undue severity, and when confirmed is almost impossible to eradicate. Breaking shot and champing birds are best cured by the method that " W " suggests. " ToHO." A WEEK IN THE BEAVER EIVER COUNTRY, NEW YORK. Last night, after an excursion of seven days among new scenes, we again reached our old camping place on Albany Lake. "We have now been twenty-five days in the great "Adirondack "Wilderness, of New York," and notwith- standing, when I bade farewell to the abodes of man, I formed the desperate resolution to capture, on this trip at least, a four-pound speckled trout on my six-ounce cedar rod, no matter at what cost of labor or self denial, two- thirds of the time which I had laid out for myself has al- ready passed, and the largest Salvia fontinalis that has as yet rewarded my efforts, weighed but 1| pounds, and him I FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 219 got only by making a rough journey of fourteen miles by "blazed lino" through the forest to Wood's Lake. The roason is the woalhor is too cold, and the season is three weeks behind former years. Although it is now the middle of June, wo are still clothed in our winter garments, and we hug the fire to keep ourselves warm. All night long the wind blew fiercely, and howled through the woods and on the lake as though all the " furies " wore " let loose." My guide says, ho "could not sleep," being constantly fearful of trees falling upon us ; but, we escaped that danger, and our tent withstood the storm and kept us dry. Eight days ago we visited this charming and sequestered spot, for the first time this season, and we then made a permanent camp as the center of future operations; whence we could make excursions into the surrounding primeval forest, car- rying with us only what the character and duration of the trip made indispensable, and leaving in charge of the /er(E naturcB the remainder. Our wall tent, which is made of drill, and water proof, weighs but thirteen and a half pounds, and is sufliciently roomy to house, comfortably, four persons and baggage. Care was taken to so pitch it that in the more than probable contingency of a heavy rain storm, such as is common to these mountain regions, our sleejiing place would not be in- undated ; but the water would either run from us or be ab- sorbed by the ground outside. We made our bed of the green soft boughs of the balsam fir [Abies bahamea) the modus operandi of which is to cut with a large knife or hatchet small branches and branchlets, of from one to two feet in length, and commencing near the front of the tent, push the stems into the ground at an angle (toward the head) of fourty-five degrees, until the whole floor is covered ; filling in the interstices with smaller and finer pieces. Upon this is laid a rubber blanket and then a woolen blanket to lie upon. Over us we put as many woolen blankets as we require for our comfort. In this aboriginal manner we make ourselves quite comfortable, and are never troubled with unaccountable drafts or poisoned bj' carbonic acid. We next constructed an eating house, and a smoke house, of spruce bark, birch saplings and withes, the former being peeled in pieces about six feet long, and from trees about twelve inches in diameter. It sometimes happens that we kill more game or catch more fish than we need for the day, and it as often occurs, that wo get nothing or next to it, and in both cases the " smoke house " plays an impor- tant part in woods' economy. " Edwards," said I, " what is your opinion of our mak- ing a trip to the Bog Kiver country ? " " All right I " said he. "Well then," I rejoined, "while you are preparing breakfast, I will pack for a six days' tramp." Breakfast over, dishes washed, boat loaded. "Have wo left nothing that we want, behind?" " Is the axe in ?" "Yes." "Boat- man, give mo a drink of that ' best water in the world ' from our spring before wo depart. But, hold on a moment I AVait, until I inscribe something on thi.< dead pine for the benefit of the next comer. ' The air of the forest, sparkling with vitality, requires not the aid of spirits to make the blood glow and the heart bound. Tea adjusts and sustains the true equilibrium.' " "Shove off the boat I " It is now 0.30 a.m. ; tho wind blows hard, but our little bark skims rapidly the surface of the turbulent and dark waters of Albany lake, and we soon find ourselves at the other side and up tbe inlet to " Smith't carry." Shouldering boat and baggage we push vigorously one mile through the woods to the upper landing; row up Beaver river two miles to Smith's lake; go ashore at tho unoccupied Syracuse camp, and cook dinner. It is raining and cold. After satisfying the demands of the inner man with a cup or so of tea, plenty of wheat cakes with maple sugar, fried potatoes and trout (which latter were caught en route), we sail across the lake, two miles, to tho North Inlet, pack over a portage threc-eiglitlis of a mile, row up tho inlet three-fourths of a mile to Harrington pond ; cross the pond, twenty rods, to the next carry. This was one and a quarter miles long. One-third of it was ob.structed to such an extent by windfalls that we had great difficulty in making our way through, and only succeeded after several houns' work. The next in order was a beautiful sheet of water (Clear pond), a half mile wide, which we crossed. One-eighth mile more carrying and we are at last on the shores of the lovely Bog lake. Here we find a bark .shanty al- ready erected, i)robably by some trapper or hunter ; and wo gladly take possession in the name of the great and good Izaak Walton, and proceed at once to prepare for the night. It is now 11 o'clock p.m. ; brightly burns the fire, cast- ing a weird look upon the sombre forest around. A sense of perfect happiness has taken posession of us, and the pre- vious discomforts of the day are forgotten as dry and warm we wrap ourselves in our blankets and cast our weary frames upon our bed of boughs. My mind naturally reverts to home; I muse about the " hobby " that has torn me from it and ruthlessly pushed me over fifty miles into these gloomy solitudes. We dose. Suddenly we are startled from our revcry by the heavy thumps of some animal upon the roof of our frail bark house. Who knows but that some wild beast has been following and watching us all day, as is known to be the habit of tho panther [felts concoler), &ni has now concluded to make a meal of us at short notice. It was the work of an instant to seize our weapons, light our "jack" (a style of lantern used for deer hunting), and cautiously to reconnoitre the purlieus of our camp. Not long did wo search, for soon the eyes of the monster are discovered peering straight at us. No time is to be lost. One discharge of our trusty weapons and all is still. It is evident that the monster had been placed /lors du combat. Of course we feel thankful that our lives are spared as we want to catch some trout to-morrow. Upon a close inspection we find that we have killed a northern hare [lepus Canadensis), not a very dangerous animal, and just what we want for breakfast. " Breakfast is ready ! " sings out the pleasant voice of my guide, and I awake to find the sun high in tho heavens. It makes no difference, as we intend to spend the day here, and are not disposed to make ourselves miserable for the sake of saying how many trout we have caught. The morning passes so delightfully, casting deftly tbe artificial lure upon the crystal waters ; and enjoying the rise and rush of the speckled beauties that we almost believe ourselves breathing the " life elysian," and that we have forever seen the end of toil and sorrow. Bog lake (what a misnomer) is one and a half miles long, half a mile wide, and from forty to sixty feet deep ; with a number of bold promontories and one island, but no bogs. It was probably named Bog lake be- cause it was supposed to be the head-waters of Bog river, which it is not, as Clear lake, a transparent sheet of water of two hundred acres, is entitled to that honor. ^To be continued.) 220 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. i ANOIERS' IIOURNAL AND IP OULTRY (]^XCHANaB, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Raitb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " tT. S. and Canada 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two centsper copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. KEOOVERT. Mk. Wm. C. Mooke, of this city, wishes us to state to his many correspondents that he is now recovering from a six weeks' illness, which will account for his apparent neglect to answer the many inquiries made by his numerous cus- tomers. Mr. Moore is one of our oldest dealers, but not an exhibitor, consequently not so well known among fanciers. B. F. White, Ashley Falls, Mass, writes as follows : "I sold to Odell Steele, Oswego, N. T., one of my hen turkeys. She will be two years old in June, and weighs twenty-two and a half pounds, and rather thin in flesh at that.'' [A good weight, certainly. — Ed.] PREMIUMS FOR SUBSCRIBERS. Some time ago, Mr. J. T. Peckham, of Providence, E. I., offered a fine pair of White-Crested Pans for five subscrib- ers. These were taken by E. T. M. Simmons, of Oil City, who now offers them again to the first person sending six new subscribers, with the money. We also offer a trio of Duckwing Games to any one send- ing eight new subscribers, with the money. The fowls are at the oflice, ready to ship, and are worth from §12 to $15. Address Jos. M. Wade, 39 N. 9th St., Philadelphia. Allow me to congratulate you upon the improved ap- pearance of the Journal. It is a credit to the best sentiment of the poultry interest of the country, and I have no doubt is receiving the handsome support to which it is entitled. I have been surprised at the many responses received from my advertisement of last week. Judging from the letters I get, your readers must be scattered all over the country. I should say, from my experience, that the Journal is one of the best advertising mediums in the poultry line in the United States. Stick to it, friend Wade, keep up the pres- ent high tone of the Journal, and you must come out all right in the near future. Very truly yours, H. T. Sperrt. CoF^F\ESpOfjDEflCE. Mr. Editor : In the number of March the 4th, Mr. Thomas Grist says that in the number of The New Fork Poultry Bulletin, of last December, I say that there are no pigeon flying societies in this country. There is a slight mistake in Mr. Grist's statement. I believe, as in said number, I said: " That to my knowledge there were no such societies in this country." I am glad to be informed though, that there was such a society in existence then, and as one more has been started in Philadelphia since, and with the one we have started in New York will make it three up to this time, so that we may anticipate some lively and friendly contests, during the coming season, as well with the old birds as with the young ones. It is with pleasure also that I have read Mr. Grist's friend- ly challenge to our club, to fly a match half way between New Tork and Philadelphia, $50 to $100 a side. This challenge has been partially accepted by Mr. H. A. Brown, the secretary of our society ; but, would Mr. Grist, and his fellow fanciers of Philadelphia, not better like a general race between the fanciers of New York and Philadelphia, say to charge from $5 to $10 for each participating bird, and make one prize for every five to six birds subscribed ? I think there would be more pleasure and excitement at- tached to it. I for my part think to subscribe for five to ten birds, and if every fancier will do as well, we could have a few races which would be of general interest to the flying pigeon fanciers all over the country. I propose to fly the first race at a distance of 50 miles, the second 100, the third 1.50, the fourth 200, and if, satisfactory, the fifth 300 miles. In races of such distances the superior qualities of the good birds could be tested, as any common bird will come back a few miles when trained. If this proposition should not be agreeable to Mr. Grist, I will fly him a race with my birds from distances of 100, 200 and 300 miles for $100 a side each race. Trusting to get an answer through the Fanciej-s' Journal, or through private correspondence, I remain, sir. Yours truly, John Van Opstal, President of the New York Flying Antwerp Club. New Yoek, March 20, 1875. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Sir : I have this day received from Mr. P. H. Swartz, the premiu7n Partridge Cochin eggs (in good order, and most carefully packed, with not one broken nor cracked), as per your order. It is safe to buy eggs thus packed, as they can not help from hatching, if immediately set. Bespectfully, Baltimore, April 1, 1875. T. A. CoCHRAN. Mr. Joseph M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : The bound volume of the Journal arrived yesterday, and I am very much pleased with it. It makes a splendid volume, and for reference is just the thing. Yours truly, Eben P. Dat. J. M. Wade. Dear Sir : I write to you, to inquire through your paper, if any of your many readers can tell me what to do with a Setter pup, nineteen months old, who fears the gun. Stands on birds until the gun cracks, then comes to ray heel and stays for probably ten minutes. Well bred, English, black. Yours truly, Amateur. Massfield, Pa., March 30, 1875. Mr. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : I would like to ask you, or some of the numerous readers of the Journal, about a disease that seems PANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 221 to be rathor too common about me. I have one Brahma pullet down with it. The legs of the bird appear to be numb — thoy have no power over them. The locomotion is in the entire leg from the hook to the feet. It is not fatal, the bird recovering in about a week, as a general thing. If any of your readers could inform me of the cause and pre- ventive of this (to me) new disease, they would oblige, Yours truly, T. F. Smith. MicLROSc, Mass. LEHIGH VALLEY POULTRY ASSOCIATION. List of ollicers of Ihc Lehigh Valley Poultry Association, elected for the year 1875, in AUontown, Lehigh Co., Pa. President — E. J. More. Vice-Presidenis—l). O. Siiylor, AUontown ; Henry Leh, Allentown ; .leremiah Roth, Allentown ; Charles Kline, Allentown ; Reuben Gliclc, Cedar Creek ; K. Hclfrich, Hel- frich Springs; Stephen Knauss, Emaus ; John Lichten- wallner, Fogolsville; Thomas L. McKeen, Easton ; James Weiler, L. Macungie, C. Bast, Kutztown ; Peter Gross, Schnecksvillo; J. P. Kline, Orefield ; Dr. Wm. Herbst, Trexlortown ; H. J. Schantz, Schantz's Mill ; T. S. Cooper, Coopersburg ; Joel Briinner, Hosensaok ; Thos. B. Wcid- ner, Friedensville ; .Tohn D. Trimmer, Bethlehem; James P. Schaffer, Macungie. Recording Secretm-y — P. James Ruhe. Corresponding Secretary — B. K. Sweitzer. Treasurer — H. S. Shimer. Executive Committee — Walter C. Miller, Henry T. Wor- man, C. J. Trexlor, Hiram M. Leb, Henry Bitting, W. R. Trexler, W. C. Shankweiler, Joshua Morton, Lewis L. Roney, and Wm. H. Masters, all of Allentown. ADVEBTINEMEKTS From reliable partloa, on any lubjecl Intcreallng to Fanciers, will be Inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words fNonparell measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. Tub kollowi.vu Discoumts will be made on Phomit Pavjie.". Silver and Golden Poland cockefells— for Dark Brahmas; or hens or pullets of S. S. Hamburgs, S. S. Polauds, Partridge Cochin, American Dominique, or Houdans. 222 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. WM. ». ZEIili, Lancaster, Pa., will exchange one Angora and two Lop-eared bucks (tine ones), for Guinea pigs. The above are good, and will make a good bargain. Address, and say what you will give. T, A. WINFIEIiD, Hubbard, Ohio, will exchange two cockerels and eight hens, Bark Brahma, for other varieties, or for Fancy Pigeons. The hens are very finely penciled, free from white shaft, and are heavily feathered. GEO, F. McCONNEEt, 67 Warren St., Hudson, N. Y., will ex- change one trio Houdans, No. 1 birds (not akin), for first-class fancy pigeons. For full particulars address as above. A. A. ROBBINS, Smithville, Jefierson Co., N. Y., will exchange Baft" Cochin or Houdans pullets, for ducks, fancy pigeons, or Game Ban- tams. Only good stock wanted. G. W. CHIDSET, Elmira, N. Y., offers to exchange one Black Cochin hen, one puUet (Philander Williams' stock). Hen has taken four first premiums — for Silver-Spangled Hamburgs or Butf Leghorns. B. FRANK EEEIS, Cambridge, Mass., will exchange Blue-w: Turbits, for Black African Bantam pullets — but they must be good. WM. G. BAKER, Norwalk, Huron Co., Ohio, will exchange one five horse-power portable steam engine, with a buzz and drag saw attach- ment, in good order ; also, one four-wheel velocipede, two males and one female Ferrets, and two B. B. R. Game Bantam cockerels. AVill take fancy pigeons for velocipede. Ferrets, and Bantams. What ofl:ers for engineer all? J. P. NEEEES, Johnstown, N. Y., wants in exchange for fancy poultry and eggs, of the leading varieties, merchandise; viz., groceries of all kinds, dry goods, books, or anything else valuable. Fowls are good stock. Goods must be the same. " FANCIER," Box 314, Worcester, Mass., will exchange one trio Dark Brahma chicks (Williams' strain), worth §12; also, two trios Light Brahma chicks, same strain, worth 312 per trio; one pair White Leghorn chicks, worth SIO; and Brown Leghorns, worth $15 per trio — for a good revolver, cutlery, or other articles. "FANCIER," Box 314, Worcester, Mass., wants a good lined buf- falo, wolf, or bear skin robe, in exchange for pure-bred fowls. Have on hand two trios Light Brahmas; one trio Dark Brahmas (Williams' strain) ; one pair White Leghorns (Smith's strain); also, ten trios Brown Leg- horns, best in America. E, JBC. HERO, Milford, Mass., will exchange Blue Spots, Silver and Black Baldheads, Blue Beards (males). Black Nun, Blue Swallow, White Rufifs, Blue Tumbler hens, White Fans, Red Baldhead Fans, and White Poland fowls— for Black Fans, Blue Beards, Black Baldhead, White Tur- bit, Yellow Barb, and Yellow Ruff hens. WIEE EXCHANGE.— A fine pair of Himalayan Rabbits, for merchandise. What offer ? JOS. M. WADE, Philadelphia, Pa. JOHN E, KIPP, Paterson, N. J., will exchange one Guinea cock and three hens, one Bronze Turkey hen, three Grey Turkey hens, Light Brahma hens, and Dark Brahma cockerels, first-class — for White or Partridge Cochins. White Cochins preferred. What offers ? WIEE EXCHANGE,— Two Silver-Penciled Hamburg pullets from VV. T. Rogers' stock, for a good Houdan cock or cockerel, or other stock. What offers? G. 0. BROWN, Brooklandville, Md. WIEE EXCHANGE.— GEO. W. DIXON, Box 188, Worcester, Mass, will exchange young Lop-eared, Himalayan, and Angora Rabbits, the latter in color black and white, for White Guinea Pigs. Also, one pair of good breeders, lop-eared, which won first premium at Hartford, Provi- dence ; second at Utica, N. Y., Boston, and Worcester Mass., for a first- class Irish Gray Game Bautaoi cock, or Black Game Bantams. HA9IBI7RGS.— At the exhibition of the Connecticut State and Central Connecticut Poultry Societies I won more premiums than any exhibitor in the Hamburg class; I have two trios of Golden-spangled Hamburgs to exchange for Lop-eared Rabbits. JAMES SHEPARD, Bristol, Conn. TO EXCHANGE,— White Fantails and Owl cock for a Silver Duckvving cock; must be a first-class bird — like the stock offered— or he will be of no use. Address M. & W. TREGO, Dolington, Pa. Wm^t ED. PIQEOirS WASTTED.— Parties having an overplus of Fancy Pigeons to dispose of at panic p7'ices, niiglit proiit by sending prices and description to J. P. SNYDER, Mahanoy Uity, Pa. J. F. FERKIS, Stamford, Coun., wants MAPLE SUGAR! I wisli to exchange a few sittings of choice eggs to hatch, from fine yards of White or Blaclv Leghorns, Dark Brahmas, Plymouth Rocks, or Partridge Cochins — for Maple Sugar. Send for Price List. G. TV. FREDRICK, 117 N. Sixth Street, Philadelphia, wants offers of Red Pile Game Bautams — hens or pullets. SITCATIOSr WANTED, by a young man, with an experienced and upriglit breeder, where he can learn the business of breeding fancy poultry and pet stock. Reference, J. M. Wade. Written reference from well-known citizens given if desired. Address W. C, Fanciers^ Journal Office, Philadelphia, Pa. P. S. WEIMER, Lebanon, Pa., wants a few pairs good Pouter pigeons. None but good birds wanted. ■WANTED.— Light Brahmas, " not more than 100 points," for green- backs. What offers? W.B.COCHRAN, 112 N. Eutaw St., Baltimore, Md. ClltNG[itDY[RTI!;[iNTBli: AND MEMIT PROMPTLY WHEN THE BILL IS PRESENTED. WAJYTED. Brother fanciers and others desirous of procuring eggs for hatching (the coming spring), to send for my Price List and description of stock. If you want eggs from poor and worthless stock, please apply to other par- ties. I keep none hut first-class birds. ** WHITE LEGHORNS. * PARTRIDGE COCHINS (Munroe stock). *Buff COCHINS fS. Merry stock). HOUDANS (large and true to feather). EUMPLESS. BLACK-EED GAME BANTAMS. Those marked with one star arc imported cocks, those with two stars all imported. Satisfaction guaranteed. No stamp required. Please write to WM. P. COLVIN, Walcott, Wayne Co., N. Y. CHOICE E6CiS from none but the best fowls. Partridge Cochins, S^3 per thirteen, Plymouth Rocks and White Leghorns, $2.50. Warranted genuine, and packed in the best manner. Correspondence solicited. Card free. C. J. ANDRUSS, Canandaigua, N. Y. WHITE-FACED BliACK SPANIfSH EGGS FOR HATCHING. My stock have always taken first and second premiums wherever shown. No purer stock in America. Eggs, 13 for 93 ; 26 for S5 ; 39 for $7. Also, first premium Wliite Leghorn, and S. S. Hamburg fowls and eggs for sale. S. P. HALLECK, Oriskany, Oneida Co., N. Y. C. M. BOTNTON, Concord, N. H., has his spring circulars now ready; send for one before purchasing elsewhere. White Cochins, White Leghorns, Buff Cochins, and Dark Brahmas — specialties. Stock E aasf From choice, pure bred fowls (many of them imported and prize-win- ners), carefully packed. White Leghorn per dozen, SI 50 Dark Brahma " 1 50 Black Hamburg ; " 1 75 Dominique " 1 75 White Muscovy Ducks " 1 75 Light Brahma , " 2 00 W.F. Black Spanish " 2 00 Black B. Red Game Bantam " 2 00 Aylesbury Ducks " 2 00 Rouen Ducks " 2 00 Address THE CREEK-VIEW POULTRY' YARDS, Mattituck, Suflblk Co., N. Y. Order now, this advertisement will not be inserted again. TO MAKE R009I in my breeding-lofts, I offer for sale : 5 pairs White Carriers, $10.00 per pair, f 6 pairs Big-Eyed Black Tum- 3 " Red Jacobins 5.00 " I biers, $1.00 per pair. 3 " Black Barbs, 6.00 " / 1 pair fine White Barbs, 2 " Yellow " 5.00 " 1 S25.00 per pair. 4 " Blue-wing Swallows, 4.00 " J. C. LONG, Je., 39 N. Ninth St., Philadelphia, Pa. IMPORTER AND BREEDER OP HAMBURGS. GOLDE]Sr-SPATirGLED. GOLDEN-PENCILED. BLACK. SILVEK-SPANGLED. SILVER-PENCILED. ■WHITE. Can spare a few sittings of eggs from the above, at $6 each sitting of thirteen. For success in exhibiting, see poultry papers; having tvon at Boston, Portland, Pi'ovidence, and IfarlfoM, forty-four general premiums, of which eighteen were 1st ; also, nine special premiums. All of the above stock (with the exception of the White) were imported by me direct, and I can warrant it pure stock. Satisfaction guaranteed. CAMBRIDGEFORT, MASS. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, APEIL 15, 1876. No. 15. WHITE POLISH FOWLS. H. T. Spfbry's Spkciai.ty, Hartford, CONN. PoiiLji^Y DEr^f\T^'E^^T. THE SO-CALLED SPURIOUS GAMES. llAviNO rend " Blnck llncUl.'f" article in Xo, S, 1 vyould like to ask him where lio lenrnod so much with regard to the first premium cock at the Pennsylvania Society's recent exliibition. He pronounces him a " known dunghill " — " a cock that would run away at the first punishment received from the steel gatV" — and "a rank runaway." By some "uncanny means'' — I cannot think how — he must have, or thinks he has, derived even more of that cock's nature than even his owner, who raised him from a chick, and certainly ouqht to know something of the fowl. " Black Hackle," I will venture to assert, never saw him except in the late ex- hibition, and I am sure he did not see him raise any feathers back of his head there to show that he had the timidity ibo\e referred to. If "Black Hackle'' hns this wonderful power of seeing through a cock at a first glance, as a member of the Penn- -■ihania Poultry Society, and of the executive committee, I pledge him my word I will use my influence, and have him engaged (if he will so favor us) as judge for our next exhibition; for certainly men with this wonderful discern- ing power are " few and far between." His article seeks to argue the cock to be a spurious Game, because he is true to feather ; certainly a very strange argument, as some of the most noted pit strains in England bred chickens very uni- form in color; and I also know of a strain in this countrr, that are in the pit nearly every season, not 100 miles from your city — of the same name, by-the-by, as your corre- spondent, "Black Hackle,'' probably named after him — that bred about as true to feather, as Brown Beds, as any of our exhibition birds ; and, what is more, there is at the 230 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND PO.ULTEY EXCHANGE. present time a stag of my own raising being bred into this pit strain. This does not look as if all the " Black Hackles " thought birds "spurious Game," because exhibited or true to feather. I fear this strain is lost to the world and the pit forever, owing to this imprudent cross; if not, of course it will be the hens that save it, and the chickens from being "rank runaways." Not having that, I might call it, instinct that " Black Hackle" seems to possess, I can only speak from hearsay with regard to the first premium cock he refers to, and from all the hearsay I could gather, I could not find any instance of him having allied himself to the dunghill by a want of courage ; but this I do know., to my certain knowledge, that one of his chickens— yes, bred direct from this "rank run- away"— took his death rather than yield to superior strength and muscle, and died as nobly as any " Black Hackle" or " White Hackle," either could have done; and another that I know of has every appearance of the same courage. One would infer from your correspondent's article, that the mere crossing of good strains of dissimilar color makes the pro- geny "dead game." Crossing, I admit, is necessary, but why not cross into an equally good or better strain of the same color, thereby keeping the feather pure, and making the birds available for Black Hackles' mains, or for the show-pen ? This is the plan I have tried to follow, and have never sacrificed "gameness" to "feather." Not wishing to " blow my own trumpet," I will not say anything of my own fowls ; but I do not believe that their being " true to feather," or having taken prizes at exhibitions, detracts in the least from their gameness. I know they are very hard to keep apart, and that when they do get together, one or the other, and sometimes both, are killed on the spot ; and there is plenty of room, too, out here for them to get a long way apart, if they had any idea of playing dunghill. I accept your suggestion, and append my name to this article, and would have done so in former ones had I not feared you might think I was trying to " grind my little hatchet." John Stone. CURIOUS EXPERIMENT IN NATURAL HISTORY. A LADT, of the name of Lenden, particularly attached to the study of nature, had a fancy to attempt to hatch an egg by the natural heat of her bosom. Having selected a newly laid one of a favorite breed, and put it into a flannel bag, she placed it between her breasts, carefully attending at night to secure that portion of warmth necessary to perfect existence during incubation. At length the time came to relieve the nascent chick from the brittle cell of its confine- ment. The moment was perceptible by the appearance of its little beak through the large end of the shell ; but, lest an injury should arise to the animal by too precipitate a wish to emancipate it from its prison, the lady frequently applied a drop of water to the bill of the nursling, until at last it had acquired strength enough to effect its own deliverance. It appeared in every respect as perfect as if it had been reared by its natural mother ; but its foster parent, not thinking her task finished, attended to its feeding with the utmost assiduity — vigilantly protected it from the cold — and in due time, had the pleasure to find it a fine hen-bird, of perfect growth and beauty. In the course of three years it has lain 300 eggs, and brought up several broods of chickens, and one of ducks ; but its singular habits are yet to be remarked, and are well deserving the notice of the curious in natural history. Its domestic qualities are numerous. It constantly prefers the house and the company of its kind protector to that of its own species, and shows a desire to accompany her wherever she goes. This extraordinary hen obtained the name of Fanny ; sesms to understand its mistress's language ; and, by marks of affection, shows it is not insensible to gratitude. In a word, it appears to have lost many of the natural habitudes of its kind ; to have acquired some of the best qualities of the human race — a sense of attachment, and a desire to ren- der itself agreeable. [We clip the above from the Presbyterian, published in this city, and dated January 7th, 1837. This paper was kindly mailed to us by some friend in the South. In a recent number of the Fanciers' Gazette, we noticed a statement that a man who was confined to his bed with fever, took some eggs into his bed, and succeeded in hatch- ing them. We wonder if the above will help to settle the vexed question, of " which is the mother of the chick, the hen that lays the egg, or the one that hatches the chick." — ■ Ed.] POULTRY HOUSE. Pkiend Wade : Mr. T. D. Adams of Franklin, Pa., writes me for a plan of hennery, to occupy a space eight or ten feet wide, by thirty- two feet long, for two or more kinds of poultry. I cannot do better than to give him a plan of my own poultry house, which I built in 1867, and with which I am still perfectly satisfied. On the principle of rendering the greatest amount of good to the greatest number of persons, I answer his in- quiry through your columns. FIB.1. ric.2. \ ■ V L " ■ V ■D " I _l-^ i M 1 '' 1 1 1 ^ \ -L— J- 1 P \ 1 II Figure 1, of accompanying draft, shows the front eleva- tion. Figure 2, the plan of floor. My house is 11 feet wide by 40 feet long. (Mr. Adams can reduce the scale and make his 10 by 32.) The house faces the southeast ; a pas- sage three and one-half feet wide runs along the back, the entire length of the house, separated from the rest of the space by a partition of three boards high, and lath above that to the ceiling. The entrance to the house is by a door at either and each end of the passage-way. Fours doors, D D, open from the passage into as many rooms, each partitioned like the passage. The nests, N N, are placed in tiers, two high, the lower tier resting on the floor, and facing the passage partition, the middle board of which is hinged; and raises up, thus allowing the eggs to be gathered from the passage. The perches, P P, are fraines as shown, being about 20 inches high ; the cross-bars being 18 inches apart. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 231 Those are movable, and can be lifted out of the way when cleaning. The windows in fnmt are 8 feet high and 5 foot widoj being nuulo in two lari^o su«bo.s, tbo upper hinged at the middle and opening inward. Along the back arc a row of ventilators, V V, placed close under the eaves, which, when the windows are dropped bacic about 12 to 18 incho8, give perfect ventilation, and yet no draft on the fowls. The end windows are single sa.shes, and immovable. The iiole.s for egress and ingress of the fowls are shown in Fig. 1. The height of the building is G\ feet on the back, and 10 feet in front. Kafters are ordinary 13-foet joist placed 2 feet apart. Siding of ordinary tongue and grooved pine boards. These can be battened or not, as desired. The foundation proper is locust posts, set 3 feet deep, and well rammed, placed 10 feet apart; the sills, which are 4 by 6, are spiked fast to these posts, and the spaces between are either boarded up or stoned. I find this the cheapest foundation 1 can use for small buildings. The number of rooms may bo two, three, four, or more. I should always keep one extra room to use for a sitting- room. One groat advantage in this style of house is that it can be enlarged at pleasure. All that is necessary is to build on to one. end as many additional feet as are required. The division of the yards will have to be governed by the lay of the land. My own yards each contain one-quarter acre of ground, well grassed over, and dotted here and there with evergreen, pear, and plum trees. I do not know how many poultry fanciers are aware of it, but plum trees almost always thrive and bear fruit abundantly when planted in chicken yards. Yours, &c., A. M. Halsted. WHITE DORKINGS. It may bo useful for pouUrj'-fanciers who have given their attention to any one particular breed, to publish from time to time the results of their experience as a guide to others. White Dorkings, an exceptionally beautiful variety, pro- vided only they have a clean grass field to run in, have of late been much neglected. Few entries have been made at the principal shows, and consequently the prizes have been reduced in number and value ; or the separate class has been abolished, and Whites have been forced to compete at great disadvantages with colored and Silver-Gray birds, so different in essential points. I think the breed has fallen into this disrepute from ignorance of its merits ; and as my experience in it has drawn me to make a very different estimate of them to that usually given in poultry books, it may not be amiss to relate it. 1. As to their hardihood. It is stated in nearly all poul- try books that White Dorkings are a delicate variety. I believe this idea arose from the old notion (an erroneous one, mcjudice), that all white birds are delicate. The earlier authors gave this as their opinion, and others have simply copied their remarks upon breeds in which they are not themselves learned. This I have found to be the greatest mistake. I seldom lose a chicken or have a sick bird. Early in the spring of this year, when from some mysterious epidemic, I lost the whole of my young stock of Colored and Silver-Gray Dorkings and Game Bantams, and even many Brahmas and Scotch Grays, of White Dorkings under the same hens I did not lose one in eight, and the earlier pullets have long been fine mature-looking hens. The breeding stock keep healthy through the year in a very small run. with two or throe hours' exercise daily in a grass field, and rather more liberty at moulting time. 2. As to their laying properties. They are generally classed with other Dorkings as bad layers. This, too, in my yard has been proved an entire error. The pullets begin to lay at six or seven months old, produce more than twice as many eggs — large round ones of a pinkish color — as Colored or Silver-Gray birds, and often continue to lay through nine months in the year. They are almost non-sitters. Some steal their nests, hatch in a wood, and prove good mothers ; but they hardly ever take to the nest in a house. I have hens of two years and a half old, which have never shown the slighest desire to sit. 3. As to size. Here they confessedly fall short of colored birds ; yet last year I had cockerels weighing over eight pounds, and pullets five and three-fourth pounds at seven months old. I do not think, however, that mature birds much exceed these weights, at least mine do not ; but I be- lieve there are other strains finer in mere size. 4. Their excellence for the table all allow. Such is my experience. My stock originally came from a farm in Sussex, but it has been necessary to introduce fresh blood through a Birmingham prize cock, and the pullets from this cross lay smaller and whiter eggs. I may be peculiarly fortunate in this strain, but at least it is worth while letting others know what a breed ornamental beyond almost all others with their snowy plumage and coral-like combs, may also be made one of the most generally useful. — O. E. Crbsswell, in Journal of Horticulture. CRYSTAL PALACE SHOW. (Conlinucd from page 133.) tion ; 1728 a good old hen; 1742 and 1744, stylish, but too dark in hackle ; and 1747, a good one but for her tail being too high. Duckwing cocks were a small class, and on the whole poor. First and cup was, however, a good stamp of color. Second fair; Mr. Jlathew's bird was not up to that gentle- man's usual form. In cockerels, first was a good color and nice clear hackle, but scarcely so stylish as second, which we preferred, but probablj' the hackle turned the scale. Third also a nice color. No. 17.58 was stylish, but light on wing, and No. 1769 deserved mention. The win- ning pullet (although catalogue said over one year) was stylish, but somewhat loose in feather, and we preferred second, very good in legs and feet, better matured, and as good in other points. Third good except in her feet; and No. 1776 in all but tail. In Piles, the winner was a good old cock with willow legs, capital in color, shoulders, head, legs, and feet, but too short in thigh. Second, also very good, and must have run first prize very hard. Third we thought rather coarse. No. 1706 was a nice style, but bad in bar, and No. 1791 was a pretty cockerel of beautiful quality, but scarcely enough of it. In the other class, the winner was a fine rcachy pullet, clearly first. Second, stylish; and third had a particularly good, I and powerful head. I Black-and-brassy cocks were a class of three, all belong- ing to one gentleman ; good birds, but not up to the stand- j dard Messrs. Dawson, etc., used to show at Birmingham. I If some one does not take this class up more the variety will soon be a thing of the past. All the hens we thought very moderate, and should call the second a Brown-red. 232 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. In the selling class, first were a capital pair of Black-reds, very cheap. Second good Brown-reds. Mostly it was a poor lot, hut there were a few other good pens. POLISH. The winning Gold-spangled cock was Mr. Beldon's bird, perhaps too dark on the breast. Second and third were lar- ger, and good crests, but not so well marked on the wing. The first-prize hen was very accurately marked all over, but had a grayish tail. Second was, if anything, even rich- er in lacing, but not so good under the throat. Third also heavily marked ; all three being good birds. In Silvers, the winner was a large bird, with crest now nearly white. The second and third failed on breast, having a black patch under the beard, only faintly tipped with silver. All the hens were good, and the marking on breast chiefly deter- mined the awards, all but the prize birds failing much under the beard. Black and White crests were both small classes, aud the birds already so well known divided the honors as much as usual. MALAYS, SILKIES, ETC. Malays were a nice class of nineteen entries, first going to a very good pen of Whites. Mr. Hinton's pair came next; as to being "up in the back," we believe all the standards say the back should be " arched," and the winner here was as much so as the Oxford birds, for all we could see. Third was a very fine hen, with a cockerel in usually brilliant condition. Silkies were a nice class, but the points are now so well understood we need only refer to the prize list, and add the remark that there seems a tendency in amateurs to wash these birds in water too much blued. The Any Variety class was numerous and varied. The first pen in it were fine Cuckoo Cochins, and the winners La Eleche. Second were fine Minorcas. Third nice Sul- tans. Fourth we cannot agree with, as, whether they be called Indian Game or Pheasant Malays, they had no busi- ness in this class, though beautiful birds. Equal fourth were White Leghorns. There were two pens of White Guinea fowls in this class. THE SELLING CLASSES. These we must really be excused from criticizing in detail. There were many real bargains, and sales were brisk, the prize pens in many cases realizing a large advance on the entered prices. The first prize in the first class was a really fine, deep Buft" cock ; and many birds good enough to win at country shows were to be met with. In a swift walk down we thought a pullet in Mr. Bennet's pen, 2126, one of the best Dark Brahmas in the class ; but we must really stop particulars for want both of time and space. GAME BANTAMS. The cup Black-red cock was a little gem — in fact, the most perfect model of a Game cock in the exhibition. As a north-countryman said, his tail looked as if it had been sandpapered, it was so fine. Second, third, and fourth were all pretty little birds, but fifth had bad bars. 24-55 and 2461 were capital style; 2445 very nice color, but too large ; 2447 very good. The winning hen was a pretty, tight-feathered bird ; second stylish, but somewhat large. Third good all round. Fourth too light on breast. Fifth a nice old hen. 2500 and 2502 were very good ; the rest only moderate. The first-prize Brown-red cock was good style and color, but too large. Second carried his tail too high ; and third a very good bird, might well have changed with him on that account. The first prize hen was capital in color ; the others also good. The cup Duokwing cock was a very pretty, stylish, good- colored bird, clearly ahead. Second and third both good style, but the latter rather large. Mr. Eaton's 2595 was not penned till the awards were made, being accidentally left in his basket; but when discovered, the judge being consulted and thinking well of him, an extra first was awarded. The same exhibitor's first-prize hen was stylishly cut, but rath- er large. Second very neat; also third. In Piles first was a nice old cock of good color. Second' also good, but we most fancied third, a beautiful cockerel of the true whip-like form, which might easily have beefi first. In hens, a very pretty pullet was first ; next we much liked the third. A class for Wheaten hens was interesting in some points, but rather disappointed us. We preferred the second and highly commended birds to the winner, as more correct in color. BANTAMS. Black Bantams were a capital lot. First were Mr. W. H. Robinson's, good in comb and earlobe, and remarkably small. The second were a nice pair. The cock in the third-prize pen was remarkable for the large size of his ear- lobe. Pen 2692 we liked very much. 2693 (Mr. Cambridge's) would have been very near winning if the cock had been shorter in leg. Nearly all the cocks in this class would have been better for longer and handsomer sickles. White booted — a small class, though the birds individu- ally were all rather large for Bantams. If they could be bred smaller it would be much better. (To be continued ) PiqEO[J DEfj^E^TF'ErJT" OFFICERS OF THE FAIRMOUNT PIGEON FLYING SOCIETY, No. 1. Organized March 1, 1872. Keorganized January 8, 1875. President — William Gladwin, No. 5 Enos Place, Vine Street, west of Twenty-third, Philadelphia, Pa. Vice-President — Edward Coy, Philadelphia, Pa. Secretary — Levi Kostron, 2406 Pennsylvania Av., Phila. Treasurer — Peter Kershaw, Washington Hotel, 523 North Twenty-third Street, Philadelphia, Pa. THE COLUMBARIAN SHOW AT BUFFALO. Having been informed that I would see the finest display of fancy pigeons ever exhibited in America, at the Buffalo show, my curiosity was highly aroused. I thought to myself if they outdo the Doylestown show then the display will be grand indeed. One very serious mistake that I think the Executive Committee made, was in not having the pigeons displayed on the stage, in the main body of St. James' Hall. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 233 Very many persons who visited the poultry show departed without seeing the Columbarinn part of it. However this may bo, I presume the committee had a very good reason for so doing. The pigeons were all exhibited in cages be- longing to the Association, which made a uniform appear- ance pleasing to the spectator. It is not my intention to speak of any of the ordinary birds e.\hibited, but of those that were extraordinary. Mr. A. L. Lothridge exhibitiid a raagniflcent pair of lee pigeons ; they were perfect gems and greatly admired. Mr. A. Goebo! exhibited some very line Yellow and Black Pans ; Yellow, Red, and Black Barbs ; also, a very fine pair of White Prillbaeks. Two pairs of Black-winged Magpies were shown, one by Mr. C. A. Hofhoins, of Buffalo, and the other by Mr. H. S. Ball, of Shrewsbury, Mass. We had quite a time to decide which was the better pair, the difference being very slight between them ; finally, we decided that Mr. H's birds were cleaner cut across the breast, which resulted in Mr. H. taking first, and Mr. B. taking second honor. Messrs. Ball & Bier exhibited a fine pair of Yellow Pouters, and a splendid pair of little Baldhead Tumblers. Mr. W. P. At- kinson showed a fine pair of Blue Owls, and a noble pair of Black Jacobins ; these latter as fine as any we ever saw. A pair of Blue Antwerps shown by Mr. A. were well worthy of the prize the)' received. H. S. Ball exhibited a splendid pair of White Owls, the head and beak were remarkably fine. A pair of White Turbits, one of Black Nuns, and one of Blue Magpies, by the same exhibitor, were extra fine birds. C. A. Hofheins exhibited a fine pair of Yellow Jaoo- hins, and a pair of Black-cap Snells ; a pair of Blue-capped Magpies, exhibited by the same gentleman, attracted much attention; he also showed a remarkable fine pair of Arch- angels. The show in Carriers was not up to my expectations. Mr. Goebel carried ofl' the prizes on Black, Dun, and Yellow, with fair birds. Mr. K. P. Shannon, of Pittsburg, Pa., showed a pair of Red-mottled Jacobins ; the friar hoods and chains on this pair of birds were the most remarkable wo ever saw ; these same points on White, Black or Yellow Jacobins would have made them valuable. Mr. S. also showed a very pretty pair of Blue-checkered Antwerps. E. P. Ralph, of Buftalo, showed a very extraordinary pair of Kites, perfect little gems in their way. The display of fancy pigeons was about equal to, but did not surpass, the Doyles- town show. There were but two varieties of fancy pigeons on exhibition at Bufi'alo which were not shown at Doyles- town, viz. : Yellow Fans and White Prillbaeks. To show the importance of taking birds from the cages and handling them in judging, I will mention that there was on exhibition, a finely marked pair of Inside Tumblers . to tost them they were taken into the Executive Committee's room and placed upon the floor, and upon being startled they went directly to the sky-light without an attempt at a tumble. In connection with this communication, I desire to say to the fanciers and breeders of fiigoons in America, that I am of the opinion, that it is right to exhibit a cock and a hen bird in the same cage, but I do not think it proper to judge them as a pair. Each bird should have its own award. At this show several cages contained cock birds that were about perfect, shown with hens that were disqual- ified, and the reverse, in which case the perfect bird received no award. I earnestly hope, therefore, the fanciers and breeders will take this subject into consideration, and insist that at exhibitions held hereafter, premiums be awarded on single birds instead of on pairs. I cannot close this communication without speaking a word for Mr. C. A. Sweet, President of the Western New York Poultry Society. It may be truly said of him, " He ii a man among men," He was here, there, and every- where ; nothing escaped his eagle eye, kind and gentlemanly to all who asked him for information. Truly the high honor conferred upon him by the members of the A. P. A. was well deserved. In hopes that I may see his pleasant face again in company with those of all our brother fanciers at Chicago, I close this communication. DOYLESTOWN, Pa. W. p. RooeRS. CLASSIFICATION OF PIGEONS. Mb. Editor: You might think it presumption in me wi-shing to set up a standard form of classification of the varieties of fancy pigeons. I will assure you I do not consider myself com- petent for the task, yet you might not think it harm for me to express my views as to what I consider the order to place them according to rank or merit. My writing may have the effect of bringing out an interchange of views of more able fanciers upon tliis important subject. At any rate, we would hope to see this matter of classifying settled definitely before another year passes, as it is much needed, more par- ticularly in the revising of our pigeon prize-lists, some of which need it, especially in the classification of the varieties of pigeons, and now is the time, as th(-re seems to be more interest taken in fancy pigeons than formerly, and I may say that in the past ten years there has been a perceptible improvement in the breeding to a higher standard than in the twenty-five j'ears preceding. I allude to the high-class varieties. I am not aware of their being any great improve- ment in the other fancies and toys, except that of the Trum- peter and the additional new varieties of Turbits, called Satinettes, etc. I must not forget here to speak of the flying fancy, as we find new clubs forming for the purpose of test- ing the merits of the so-called Homing Antwerps, in a fly of a hundred or two of miles ; also, to the Inside or Mad Tumblers, which are now shown at our exhibitions, the per- formances of which are given right on the floor of the exhi- bition hall, as was the case at the late Philadelphia fanciers' show. In the following order 1 would place them, viz. : Class 1, Tumblers. — No. 1, Almond, Short-faced; 2, Black Mottled, S. P. Class 2, Carriers. — No. 3, Black ; 4, Dun ; 5, Blue. Class 3, Pouters.— 'So. 6, Black-pied ; 7, Yellow-pied ; 8, Red-pied; 9, Blue-pied; 10, Mealy; 11, White. Class 4, Barbs.— ^o. 12, Black ; 13, White ; 14, Red : 15, Yellow ; 16, Dun. Class 5, Tumblers.So. 17, Red Mottled, S. P.; IS, Yellow Mottled, S. P. ; 19, Black Baldhead, S. P. ; 20, Red Baldhead, S. P.; 21, Yellow Baldhead, S. P.; 22, Blue Baldhead, S. P. ; 23, Silver Baldhead, S. P. ; 24, Yellow, self-color, S. P. ; "25, Red, self-color, S. P. ; 26, Kite, S. P. ; 27, Black Beard, S. P : 28, Red Beard, S. P. ; 29, Yellow Beard, S. P.; 30, Blue Beard, S. P.; 31 Silver, S. P.; 32, Red Agate, S. P. ; 33, Yellow Agate, S. P. ; 34, Splashed, S. P. Class 6, Trumpeters.— No. 85, Black Mottled ; 36, Black ; 37, White. 234 PAiiTCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Class 7, African Owls.— No. 38, Blue; 39, Black; 40, White. Class 8, English Owls.~il, Blue; 42, Silver; 43, Black. Class 9, Jacobins.— 'So. 44, Black; 45, Blue; 46, Bed; 47, Yellow ; 48, White. Class 10, Frenfai^s.— (Plain-heads), No. 49, White; 50, Yellow; 51, Blue; 52, Black; 53, Bed; Class 11, No. 64, Satinettes and Turbiteens. Class 12, Turbiis.—CP o'mt-heais), No. 55, Black; 56, Blue; 57, Bed; 58, Yellow; 59, Silver; 60, Black (shell- crests); 61, Blue; 62, Bed; 63, Yellow; 64, Silver; 65, White. Class 13, Dragoons.— Ho. 67, Yellow; 68, Bed; 69, Sil- ver ; 70, White. Class 14, Aniwerps. — No. 71, any color. Class 15, Flying Tumblers.— lHo. 72, any color. Class 16, Runts. — No. 73, any color. Class 17, Archangels. — No. 74, any color. Class 18, Swallows. — (without bars). No. 75, Blue; 76, Yellow; 77, Bed; 78, Blue (black bars) ; 79, Black. Class 19, Magpies.— 'No. 80, Black; 81, Blue; 82, Yel- low ; 83, Red. Class 20, Nuns.— No. 84, Yellow ; 85, Bed ; 86, Black. Class 21, Priests.— No. 87, Yellow ; 88, Bed ; 89, Star- ling; 90, Spangled; 91, Blue; 92, Black. Class 22, No. 93, Suabians. Class 23, Helmets.— No. 94, Yellow ; 95, Bed; 96, Black. Class 24, &ieiZs.— No. 97, Yellow; 98, Bed; 99, Black; 100, Blue. Makble. Baltimore, 1875. [In justice to "Marble" we would state that the above article was sent to us before Mr. Fulton's Book of Pigeons (No. 9) left England.— Ed.] Mr. J. M. Wade : I find in the Journal of April 8th, that Mr. Van Opstal proposes to have a general race between the fanciers of New York and Philadelphia. This I think is a good idea, but, I think, it would take some time to suit the fanciers of New York and Philadelphia ; therefore, I propose, Mr. Van Opstal and myself, to have one or two races to commence early in the season, say half-way between Philadelphia and New York, on May 1st, or I will fly a home and home match, on June 1st, for $50 a side, or I will fly either of these matches for $100 a side. In regard to the one, two, and three hundred miles, let us fly these two matches first and show that we mean business. Hoping this will be promptly accepted, I remain your humble servant. Thomas Grist, President Philadelphia Pigeon Society, No. 1, Philadelphia, April 10, 1875. 2013 Eidge Avenue. HIDDEN NAMES. [Each line names a variety of pigeon.) The pigeon is on the nest, disturb it not. Please keep out Erwin, he is so bad. The man by Brown's wall owns them. Musical Monday — when it's wash day. Dutch essence of hops — is lager beer. Many an infant ails from pure neglect. John had a scowl on his brow — he was mad. He was a trump eternally in mischief. He plead at the bar but without success. G. O. B. SpOF^T^IViy^fj's DE[=;\F^7[VlEfJj. A WEEK IN THE BEAVER RIVER COUNTRY, NEW YORK. BT W. TV. HILL. (Continued from page 219.) As it is now noon, we turn the bow of our tiny craft towards camp. Not a ripple disturbs the placid surface of the water. Suddenly we hear a distant roar as of a great wind, but no other sign for some minutes. "Look there!" A hurri- cane is coming down upon us from the head of the lake and the waves roll up at once several feet in the air. "Push, with all your might for the lee of yonder headland," said I. " Never will I go far out into a lake again with only a paddle. This adds another leaf to my wilderness experience. If we only had the oars how easily could we reach a place of safety." Down in the bottom of the boat we crouch, in or- der, as much as possible, to lessen the danger of being blown over. "Easy, we are shipping water and have nothing to bail it out with. Edwards, there is another squall coming right upon the top of this one. The swell at the upper end of the lake is doubling up, it will never do to let such a sea strike us ; we must get out of this at all hazards ; we better take our chances now. Put in all your strength. Oh ! for a pair of oars. Hurrah! that was well done; but just by the skin of our teeth. Now, before dinner," said I, " I will try to find the outlet of Clear pond." Well, here I am, having been gone less than an hour, and I have found the correct position of the stream, traveled its whole length, and found its mouth three-fourth of a mile further to the east than the map makes it ; consequently an additional discovery for my map. Employed the afternoon studying botany ; the evening in angling, with good success, and re- tired happy to bed. To-day, as we are to have hard work before us, we rise with the sun. The lake is quickly crossed. The guide ad- justs the yoke to the inside of the centre of the boat between the gunwales ; turns the boat upside-down, and, putting it upon his shoulders, follows the trail to Mud lake. I fol- low, with all the baggage I can carry. Por four long weary hours we toil steadily on our way, stopping ever and anon to refresh ourselves at some cold spring or sparkling brook, and to apply our oil of pennyroyal to keep at respectful distance that pest of the woods in June, the black fly, (simulium molestum). The carry, by pacing, we find to be three and a half miles long, and Mud lake to cover a square mile, and to be as dismal a spot as can be well conceived to exist in our own State of New York. Dinner is cooked and eaten under the protecting shade of a white pine, which is FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 235 fiftoen foot in circumference. Then we carefully explore the shores of the Inko for indicntions of streams; during which we see one deer, whicli wu do not attempt to shoot, as wo do not require any venison for food. Six miles wo row down the meandering Bog river, taking now and then a trout on tho fly, until wo roach the beauti- ful Second Chain pond. Here wi: find a party of sportsm(m (-■ncamped, who kindly invite us to make our stay witli them. As the day is well advanced wc gladly accept. The even- ing passes pleasantly in conversation with our new-mado friends. We llnd that we have fallen into tho best of hands — thorough sportsmen and gentlemen, who are able and willing to aflord us what information wo desire in regard to tho lakes and wator-courses in their neighborhood. Long will the many acts of courtesy of the Merriam brothers be remembered. June lOlh. We decide to pay a visit to David Cronk's 15ig Tuppor's lake, formerly Graves' Lodge, then one of the most noted places in the wilderness. Graves lost his life by a deer (which he had "tailed") tipping over his boat, and when Graves attempted to swim ashore, his dog, which ho had witli him, persistently climbed upon his back until he was drowned. His son stood upon the shore of Horse-Shoe pond a witness to tho sad scene. The father, as he sank for the last time, called to him to say good-bye to his mother for him. Tho unexpected and tragic death of this noted and much respected backwoodsman cast a gloom over liis section for a long time after. Cronk's is eighty miles from Wardwell's, where we entered the woods from the west, and there is not a house or human habitation between, ex- cept such temporary places as are erected for present con- venience by trappers and sportsmen. In order to reach Cronks from our present camp we have to go down Bog river, six miles; through Kitchens' pond, one mile; Bog river again, one and a half miles ; up Horse Shoe pond outlet, two miles ; besides three carries, aggregating three and three- quarter miles. We arrive at our destination after dark, wet through to the skin, cold and nearly exhausted. The rain commenced to fall about noon, and it continued to pour steadily down upon us until wo reached the house. However, I succeeded in killing, during the day, twelve speckled beauties weighing four pounds; the largest two each turning the scale at fourteen ounces. June 17th. We endeavor to return to our camp on Second Chain pond ; but the ccmtinued violence of the storm pre- vents its accomplisliment, niul we get no further than Kitchen's pond, where wo make ourselves quite miserable in an old camp which leaks badly. The midgets [Simu- liuin nocivuin), and the mosquitoes, seemingly aware that our supply of fly medicine (ono-tbird oil of pennyroyal and two-thirds oil of sweet almonds mixed) is running low, attack us in greater numbers than heretofore. Our ammonia which we apply after being bitten by these villianous insects, which openly and in the broad light of day, as well as at night, presume to attack the " lords of creation " is about in the same condition; and the great question that at this time most occupies our mind is, shall we defend ourselves now and trust to divine Providence until our base of supplies on Albany lake would be reached, or submit to suffer now and keep prepared for perhaps a worse attack hereafter. We determine upon the latter alternative and worry through, without even having tho headache, although the skin of my hands and face is slighfli/ hot. June 18lh. We go to our friends' camp. The storm still continuea unabated; our health however is good, a« it al- ways is in the wilderness, and wc endure the inconvenience without grumbling. On tho river wn kill five trout weigh- ing three and three-fourth pounds. Juno 19th dawns upon us in a different garb from its pre- decessors, and we have high hopes of making up lost time. Will we be di.sappointed ? The morning is devoted to Second, Third and Fourth Chain ponds with very moderate success, and the afternoon to other waters. It is 7.30 P.M. 1 have taken during the last hour seven speckled trout, weighing five and a half pounds. " This is very fine sport ; but why can't I get my four pounder?" Every lime 1 have landed a trout this evening I have changed one of my flies for another, in hopes thereby of raising a bigger fish ; but the only fly that has been taken so fur is one with a heavy yellow body and yellow wings marked with black. " Now we will try for second ' dropper ' this one, which is dressed on a number three Limerick hook, and has a red body, two large red wings and two smaller white wings over them." Off the " cast" sails through the air. A mo- ment after a rejiort like the sound of the discharge of a pistol is heard, and the strong jaws of a monster trout close upon my second " dropper," and mj- long-wishcd-for prize is securely hooked in the upper jaw. Finding himself fast, he makes a tremendous rush to the bottom of the lake, causing my click reel to sing, and my six ounce cedar rod to bend beautifully. " Edwards, I have my big trout at last. Handle your paddle skilfully ; jiaddle toward tho fish, and be careful not to run up on my line." In a few moments we have him alongside. Said I, " it will not do for me to attempt to land him yet. I must give him more play. Turn the boat to the right; he has made up his mind to run under tho boat. Turn more — more — faster — stop — turn to the left — go ahead ! I don't want to give him more line than I can help ; and, as I never expect to have another such chance, I mean to land him as soon as it can be done with safety. Now turn the bow of the boat quickly to the left. There ! I have him safe in the not, with my legs over him. 'Oh, tlie gallaut fisher's life, Other joys are but toys. It is tlio best of any ; Only this lawful is; 'Tis full of pleasure, voiJ of strife, For our skill breeds no ill And 'tis beloved by many ; But content and pleaaur«.'" Further angling is at once suspended, and we travel with all haste to camp. Our trout is carefully and scientifically examined, and proved to be a real speckled trout, [salmo fonfinalis), measuring iiOJ inches from tip of snout with closed mouth to centre of caudal fin, 12 in. girth at anterior portion of first dorsal, and to weigh 4} lbs. and a little over. We make a box of yellow birch bark, and, without dressing our trout, put him in it, and place him on the top of our eating-house, where he is protected from the dew and has plenty of cool, fresh air. Next morning we start for home, having to travel one hundred miles "through the woods to reach the railroad. This takes three days, and the 4tb closes my trip. Mr. F. J. Lawrence, of my city, has painted for me in oil an exact and splendid representation of my fish, which now graces my dining-room ; and the original is preserved in alcohol in the State Museum of Natural History, st Al- bany ; being the largest fish of the kind which our State naturalists have any record of having been taken in the Adirondacks. Alu.\sv, N. Y., Jan. L'Stb, t875. 236 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i i= ANCIEES' 1|0UR1TAL AND 4pOULTEY (ipxCHANGB, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pkof. a. N. RAtTB, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. S17BSGRIPTIO?r PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, " U. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. Mr. Chas. F. Ha-wkins has sold to J. F. Ferris, Esq., Stamford, Conn., all of his Black Iicghorns, and takes pleasure in referring all who wish fowls or eggs of this variety to him, believing that they will he justly dealt with- Wb desire to call attention to the catalogue of B. F. Lewis, of Gwynedd, Pa. It consists of 16 pages of reading matter, with cover, and contains much valuable information on the subject of fowls, pigeons, and small pets ; also, some 25 illustrations. Mailed to applicants for 10 cents per copy. POLISH FOWLS. (See illustration.) Thebe was a time when these fowls were very common in the United States ; but the very fact that they were common caused them to be neglected, so that they became almost extinct and a good specimen was seldom seen at our shows. But, if our readers will examine our advertising columns, they will notice that the city of Hartford, Conn., is likely to become famous for good fowls of this breed, as the Messrs. Sperry, Sugden, and Warner are devoting their energies and means in this direction. ' Mr. Sperry makes a specialty of the White variety, and is perfectly successful. Mr. War- ner is breeding the Silver-Spangled Polish, and we hope will be equally successful. Mr. Sugden makes a specialty of the White-crested Black Polish, which is one of the most beau- tiful of fowls. The fancy is continually changing, and, if these gentlemen persevere with their specialties, they will surely be renumerated, and Hartford will become famous for its Polish fowls in the various colorings.. CoF^F^ESpOfjDEfJCE, Mk. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : Having seen the question of inquiry in the Journal, in regard to the proper time for breeding canary birds, would answer, by experience, the early part of this month (March) ; and for raising young it is not necessary to bring up the young by hand, as the old birds feed and take care of them at all times. I feed on canary and rape seed, and the young birds on sugar crackers and hard-boiled eggs. I have one of the finest stock of canaries in the city. I have been raising birds for some time, for my own amusement, and am breeding now from same twenty females. Wishing your Journal and yourself much success, I am, truly yours, D. E. Baltimoee, April 2, 1875. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. " Dear Sir : We received during the month of February last, from Lucius Dunbar, Esq., of West Bridgewater, Mass., two yards of Light Brahmas mated for breeding, and con- sisting in part of progeny of his colossus and premium stock besides several fowls from other prominent strains taken from his breeding pens of 1874. Feeling assured you will grant us the favor of a few lines of your valuable columns, we would express publicly our endorsement of Mr. Dunbar as an honest, conscientious dealer from whom your readers may obtain stock or eggs promptly as ordered at reasonable prices, and strictly as represented by him. Very truly yours, McParland & Oliver. TiTusviLLE, Pa., April 3, 1875. premiums. Friend Wade : To the first person who will send to you, or to me, names often subscribers to the Fanciei-s' Journal, v/ifh cash for the same, I will send ten dollars' worth of eggs and give the person sending the privilege to choose more or less eggs from each variety on my price list (which is sent free), ex- cept Golden-penciled Hamburgs, Dominique and Pekin ducks. Tours truly, ■Westmoeeland, N. Y., April 9, 1874. J. Y. BiCKNELL. PIGEON LOFT AND CANARY BIRDS. Dear Editor: Noticing the article from one of your correspondents (Mr. N. O. Body) in regard to the number of pigeons in a loft six feet square, I can inform him that he can keep twenty-five pairs in that space by building shelves on each side where they can build in boxes. Pou- ters and Carriers are the best, but for flying pigeons, the Tumblers are the most profitable. Canary birds are bred at the present time, some mate their birds in December with safety. I have had several fine nests of birds this season hatched January 20, 21, and 23. This must be considered well for this year. Feed the old birds on the best rape, millet, and canary seed. Toung birds must be fed with hard boiled eggs and cracker. Let the old birds feed the j'oung. By mating birds this month three or four nests of young ones can be got from one pair this season. Tours truly, E. A. Wendell. Albany, N. Y. Mr. J. M. Wade. Dear Sir: In answer to N. 0. Body regarding canaries. — I commence to mate about the 1st of Jlarch, earlier than that I find the birds do not show as much inclination to hatch, or raise as many young. I feed hard boiled eggs with grated cracker, giving only enough for about eight hours feed, keeping enough canary and rape seed in reach at all times. I discard hemp almost entirely, having had better success without its use than with it. I then have the cuttle bone and plenty good clean sand. I prefer the good bank sand, when it can be had, sifted. Keep the cages clean and wash with a solution of carbolic - acid or carbolic soap as soon as the young birds are old enough to remove from the nest. A good solution for washing cages is made as follows : carbolic acid crystals, 1 ounce ; soft water, 32 ounces or a quart. Apply with a sponge or brush, especially to cracks and ends of perches. FANCIBKS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 237 I very rarely have to bring iip tho young by bund. The parent tirds perform that duty much bettor than I can do it. W. F. MUOHMOKK. Baskino UiDOit, N. J., April 2, 1876. Josupii M. Wadk. IJicAK Sik: The conimuniciilicm of your correspondent from Parkor'a Landing rohitivo to tho Black Hamburg puUot recalls a somewhat similar case which came under my own observation this winter. A very choice Partridge Cochin hen immediately on lior return from tho Hartford show began gradually to lose the use of her legs, and finally could scarcely totter around. She was continually losing lior balance and falling backwards on tho least e.vertion. Thinking tho trouble rheumatic, I had her legs rubbed with Pond's extract of Witch Hazel and administered Rhus, tox and Bryonia. I thought, at one time, that the latter remedy was of benefit ; but if so, it was merely a temporary relief and she was soon as bad as ever. She was all the time in good order as regards flesh. Her c(Uiib was red and she took her food eagerly. A friend of mine, a physician, who is also a lover of fowls, was satisfied the. trouble was in the brain and advised me to give, morn- ing and evening, as much cuprum aceiicmn, 3ds in powder, as I could take up on the end of a small penknife blade. She soon began to recover, and now is laying. She is not quite as firm on her legs as the other hens in the pen with her, but e.\ercise and the spring weather will, I think, en- tirely cure her. I am satisfied that most of the cases wrongly attributed to rheumatism come from a disturbance of the brain. Perhaps the Black Hamburg pullet in question is troubled in the same way, though lying as she does " with legs ex- tended backward," looks more like a spinal injury. Tour correspondent says she seems to suffer pain, while my hen was apparently entirely free from it. Yours, H. A. G., Jr. Tarrytown, April 3, 1876. S|VI\LL PeJ DEf^r^JIVIEflj AND YOUNG l-'OLK'S COKNER. fl^ All communications uml contributions intended for this depart- ment should be addressed to HOWARD I. IRELAND, Camden, N. J, (For Fanciers' Journal.) TRAPS AND TRAPPING. No. 1. (Coutiniied from page 154.) The Skunk, or as it is sometimes called, the Polecat, be longs to the Weasel family. It lives in the holes abandoned by burrowing animals, especially those made by the ground- hog. Wherever there are plenty of brush-woods and ground- hogs' holes, there are generally an abundance of Skunks. The Skunk is about the size of a domestic cat, and is cov- ered with long hair of a black color; tho body generally streaked with white. It lives on mice, frogs, insects, and carrion. It is fond of poultry, and on this account is a great pest to the farmers. Skunks have been known to remove eggs from under a sitting hen without disturbing her. The}' have the power to withhold their fetid odor, and, unless irritated, a person may approach within a few foot of them and not perceive any disagreeable smell. The sacs or glands containing the offensive smelling fluid are two in number, situated on each side of the vent. This odor is of a most singular nature, unlike anything beside existing in nature. It is used by tho creature as a weapon of defence, and so reliant feels it in its power, that it will allow a person to approach within a few feet; then turning its rear parts towards the unfortunate individual mistaking it for a cat discharges the fetid fluid with great force. The poor victim, if he bc^ inexperienced, thinks he is struck by lightning, and it takes considerable argument from a dis- tance to convince him that such is not the case. The odor is 80 powerful that it can be smelted for a distance of a half a mile, and when once on clothing nothing but burying them in the ground for a fortnight will remove it. During the winter the Skunk ventures from its hole on warm nights only, often remaining in a half torjiid condition in its hole for a week at a time. In the fall and early winter the Skunk gets exceedingly fat, and this supplies him with food while in the semi-torpid state. Skunks are trapped in steel traps, dead-falls, snares, and in most any kind of a trap ; for it is the least sagacious of any fur-bearing animal, and requires but little skill to trap. The steel trap fs the surest, but the dead-fall is most used. The latterkills the creature almost instantly, and the trapper runs no risk of receiving a sprinkling of its disgusting per- fumery. The best bait to attract the Skunk is the flesh of one of its own kindred, and this is tho only bait used by experienced trappers. The steel trap is set at the entrance of a hole thought to contain a Skunk — no covering the trap with sand or leaves being necessary. It is best to fasten the trap to a rail. Some trappers set the trap a few feet from the mouth of the hole, cover it with sand or leaves, and sprinkle bits of meat around and over the hidden trap. The Skunk, finding itself unable to go further than the limits of the chain, will retreat to its hole, and be found there by the trapper on visiting his traps the next morning. The Skunk will gnaw ofl' that portion only of its leg below the jaws of the trap. "When you flnd you have caught a Skunk in a steel trap — and you can readily perceive so by the smell before you have approached the trap nearer than a hundred \-ards — catch hold of the chain and pull the aniuuil gently out of the hole; as soon as his head appears, hit it a blow with a club, and do not pull it out of the hole until it is quite dead. You then run no very great risk of being per- fumed, that is, if the Skunk is caught by one of the fore- legs (which is the more probable way); but if by chance it is caught by the hind-leg, and you try the above plan, you will, you'll — be astonished, that's all. A confined sapling, so fixed that it will be freed by the struggles of the animal, and pull the latter into the air, is a good way of fixing a Skunk ; for after hanging suspended all night, the creature will be by morning too weak to throw its fetid fluid to any great distance. Negroes sometimes on warm moonlight nights go hunting Skunks with clubs. When they see one, they quietly walk up to it and hit it over the back, paralyzing the rear parts, and preventing it from using its "syringe." I would not advise an inexperienced person to attempt this kind of hunting, for fear it might result difl'orenlly, and then he would be obliged to eat his mcaU in the wood-shed for a week or so. • Common Skunk skins are worth from 40 to 65 cents each ; black ones from $I.'2o to $2. Skunks with one or two white marks on the head count as black. 238 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. From reliable parties, OQ any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months, 123^ per cent, discount. " six months, 25 " " " nine months 373^ " " " twelve months, 50 " " CHANOEB AS OFTEN AS I>£SIREI>. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchangees limited to 48 words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. -^~ Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this of&ce by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Nonpareil Measurement. Count your lines hy this rule, from, line to line. Excfj/^MqES. -6®* Advertisements in this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty- Eight Words, describing and offering for excbaii]?e only, will be allowed at 35 cents for each and every insertion. PETER IjEPP, East Saginaw, Mich., will give the following: two Archangel cocks, one Black Carrier hen, one pair Jacobins (Red cock. Yellow hen) — for one pair White or Yellow Jacobins; must be first-class as mine are. JOJSN T. ROSEI.I>, Freehold, N. J., has to exchange, Partridge Cochin cockerels (August hatch); also, Partridge Cochin eggs— for Silver or Yellow Duckwing Game Bantams; Golden or Silver-Laced Sebright Bantams; Wright's Illustrated P«ultry Book, or Tegetmeier's Poultry Book. Stock first-class; same expected. B. A. "WHITXET, Meadville, Pa., has disposed of all his bound volumes of ]>ays' Doing's and New Varieties^ but one of each; the best two of ihe lot ; cost him $S each. Make him an offer in Pigeons for one or both. Ta. T. CHAREES, Hornellsville, N. Y., will exchange one pair White-crested Ducks; one Aylesbury Drake; five Cayuga ducks; one pair Magpies; White or Colored Tumblers, and Fans--for solid Black, Yellow, or White Guinea Pigs ; Houdan cock; Type. H, BOWERS, 123 Philip Street, Albany, N. Y., has to exchange all his fowls (35) ; including G. S. and S. S. Hamburgs ; B. B, Ked and S. D. W. Bantams ; Partridge, Buff and White Cochins, and Tumbler Pigeons — for a good Watch, Furniture, or Carpets, "W. M. TUTHIIiE, Speouk, Long Island, N. Y., will exchange, foi a good Gun, two Light Brahma cocks, two Light Brahma cockerels. Warranted first-class and Williams' strain pure. What other offers? TJHOS. P. MONTOOMERT, 7 and 9 South Third Street, Har- risburg. Pa., will exchange three cocks and five hens of pure Houdan stock lor Fancy Pigeons. PETER EEPP, East Saginaw, Mich., will exchange one Blue-pied Pouter cock, about 17 inches long; leg, o^^; heavily and evenly booted; good carriage; white stripe on breast ; extra good blower — for one White Pouter cock; same length; good blower; long legs ; heavily booted. JOKN CUSTER, No. 921 Two-and-a-half {2}^) Street, Harrisburg, Pa., will exchange Pups from a cross between an imported Bloodhound and an English Bull Terrier ; make No. 1 watch dogs — for good fowls, Buff or Partridge Cochins preferred. What other offers? J. C. CHAPAlA^f, Middletown, Conn., will exchange Plymouth Rock or Brown Leghorn Eggs — lor Himalayan or Angora Rabbits, and Guinea Pigs. What offers? "WSI. G. BAKER, Norwalk, Huron Co., Ohio., will exchange for Fancy Pigeons — pure-bred Light Brahmas (eggs from P. Williams' stock), pure-bred P. Cochins (eggs from Todd's stock), one White Leg- horn pullet, two Dark Brahma pullets; also, two pairs English Ferrets. Will exchange all the above stock for Fancy Pigeons, mated, or for Type or Printing Material. What other offers? GEO. F. SEAVEY, Cambridgeport, Mass.. will exchange Golden and Silver-spangled Hamburg cockerels (Beldon's strain) — for Fancy Pigeons. Carriers, Fantails, Jacobins, and Turbits preferred. Must be first-class. smith: a BRO., stony Brook, Long Island, will give Exhibition Coops in trade for Brown Leghorn and Silver-penciled Hamburg pullets. Also, for Black and Yellow Fans, Turbits, and Bald Tumblers. AIRS. WM. TATEOR, Riverside, N. J., will exchange a few sit- tings of Aylesbury Duck eggs for White Leghorn, Light Brahma, or Dominique Eggs. Must be from good stock. J. R. T. BCAWKIXS, Goshen, N. Y., will exchange choice Seed Potatoes and select Garden Seeds for Partridge Cochins, Light Brahmas, Bantams, or Bronze turkeys, fowls, or eggs; give full description; must be first-class. C. T. G. €IIAER, 206 Franklin Street, New York, will exchange one trio of Black Spanish for trio of Brown or White Leghorns; W. C. B. Poland eggs for Brown Leghorn eggs. Must be good as mine are. GEO. E. CURTIS, Laconia, N. H., has to exchange Blue-red, Black- red, Brown-red Game hens. Also, one trio of Counterfeit Fowls to ex- change for Game Bantams of any strain except Black-reds. A. A. ROBBISrS, Smithville, Jefferson County, N. Y.,wiU exchange one pair Blue-reds, one pair Light Brahmas, Duckwing Games, or two good Pile stags that will stand, for Fancy Pigeons or Geese. PETER EEPP, East Saginaw, Mich., will exchange one Blue-pied Pouter cock, about seventeen inches long, extra good blower, leg five and a half inches, heavy, and evenly booted, with white stripe on breast — for one White Pouter cock, same length, long legs, heavy booted, or one Black or Dun Carrier hen. Must be first-class. H. H. TSHUBY, Litiz, Pa.,-\vili exchange Dark Brahma, Partridge Cochin,Silver-spangltd Hamburg, Brown Leghorn, American Dominique, or Plymouth Rock Eggs — for Pekin Duck or White Cochin Eggs. F. BECK & CO., Lockhave Cochins, and one cock, two hens. Black-breasted Red Games. I, Pa., have to exchange one trio Buff ud two pullets Partridge Cochins — for C. F. VAN BASKIRK, Box 153, Troy, Kansas, has for exchange Tegetmeier's Poultry Book; White Leghorn hens, first-class; Silver- Spangled Poland cockerel and six hens ; Pit Games, any variety ; Pointer pup — for Dark Brahma and Partridge Cochin hens or pullets (must be well-penciled and good size); B. B. Red Games and Game Bantams. JOS. H. KRAFT^ New Albany, Ind., has for exchange one Black- breasted Red Bantam cock, two years old ; what offers ? CBCAS. F. HAWKINS, Goshen, N. Y., will exchange two pairs of White Angora Rabbits, Guinea Fowls, Partridge Cochin Eggs and Fowls-T-for Jacobin Pigeons^ Bantams, Bronze Turkeys, Fowls or Eggs. What other offers? Give full description. C. T. G. CHAER, 206 Franklin Street, New York City, will ex- change a tine imported Cocker Spaniel slut for Black-and-Tan dog. Setter, Pointer, Hound, Pigeons, Poultry, Light Brahmas, Leghorns, Bantams, Game Fowls, etc. This is one of the best-bred Spaniel sluts in this country; will be in use soon. FOR EXCHANGE.— One pair G. S. Hamburgs, one pair G. P. Hamburgs, one pair Aylesbury Ducks; one pair Mallard Ducks, three pairs S. S. Crested Polauds, two pairs G. S. Crested Polands, one pair White Leghorns, two trios S. S. B. Bantams, two trios G. S. B. Bantams, Lop-eared, Angora, Himalayan, and Dutch Rabbits. The above are all premium stock. Will exchange for Dark Brahmas Partridge Cochins, Turbits, Jacobins, Fantails, or other Fancy Pigeons. AVhat offers? Address JOHN F. HOUSER, Box 233, Tamaqua, Pa. RING DOVE, No. 1031 Lehigh Street, Easton, Pa., will exchange one nice pair of Ring Doves for a sitting of first-class eggs (express to be paid by sender). White Cochins and smaller breeds preferred. BOX 40, Milford, Mass., has for exchange, 1.5 Brown Leghorn pullets, 6 Buff' Cochin pullets, and 1 Buff Cochin cockerel, good birds— for Fancy pigeons ; White Calcutta Fantails preferred. What offers? JAMES R. PEIRCE, Worcester, Mass., will exchange two B. B. R. Game Bantam coi-kerels for two pullets of same breed. Also, six Partridge Cochin pullets and one cockerel for same number of Dark Brahmas. TO EXCHANGE.— Eggs for hatching from a choice stock of Par- tridge Cochins or Plymouth Rocks, for Italian Queen Bees. ________^^_^^^ C. J. ANDRUSS. Canandaigua, N. Y. WM, E. FEOWER, Shocmakertown, Pa., will exchange one trio of Black-Red Game Bantams, for one pair of good Black Jacobin pigeons. WM. E. FEOWER, Shoem.akertown, Pa., will exchange one pair of Himalayan rabbits for one pair of Black or Red Jacobins; must be WIEE EXCHANGE.— A fine pair of Himalayan Rabbits, for merchandise. What offer? JOS. M. WADE, Philadelphia, Pa. JOHN E. KIPP, Paterson, N. J., will exchange one Guinea cock and three hens, three Gray Turkey hens. Light Brahma hens, first-class — for White or Partridge Cochins. White Cochins preferred. What offers? JOHN E. KIPP, Paterson, N. J., breeder of all the leading varie- ties of fowls, but makiug a specialty of White Cochins (John J. Berry's strain), and partridge Cochins, all of the stock of the late D. W. Her- stine. Eggs for sale at S5 per sitting of thirteen. FOR S AEE.— Eggs from first premium Light Brahma fowls, second premium Dark Brahma pullets, and choice Buff Cochins, showed at Southern Pa, Poultry Show: Judges— Clapp, Raub, and Windolph. Price, S3 per thirteen. Address W. GILBERTHORP, York, Pa. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, APRIL 22, 1875. No. 16. PodLjf^Y Duf^F^TIv'ErlT- Mr. Charles P. Willurd, of Chicago, was nominated for secretiiry and treiisurer, and as there was no other nomina- tion, the secretary was instructed to cast tlie ballot of the meeting for Mr. Willnrd. It was then moved that the chair appoint a committee of three to prepare a. list of vice-presidents, and the chair ap- pointed Mr. D. L. Miller, Polo, Ills ; Mr. C. W. Healon, Farmington, Ills., and C. J. Ward, of Cedar I'apids, Iowa, as such committee, but as Mr. Ward was suffering from severe indisposition, and asked to be excused, Mr. W. J. Brown, of WauUegan, Ills., was substituted, who submitted the appended list, which was accepted by the convention. A motion being made that the chair appoint a committee of three to prepare a list for executive committee, Mr. H. Mansfield, Waltham, Mass. ; Mr. Henry I. Allen, School- craft, Mich., and Mr. B. N. Pierce, Corning, Iowa, were appointed such committee, their list being accepted as below. After considerable discussion relative to the objects of the Society and the most favorable time for holding an exhibi- tion, the following resolution was passed: Resolved, That all Society premiums at the next exhibition of the National Poultry Association be offered upon single birds. The convention was entirely harmonious, and seemed only intent upon securing a working organization, and such as would bo most effectual in securing a successful exhibition in Chicago next winter. LI.ST OF OFFICERS. President — Edward L. Lamb, Chicago, Ills. Vice Presidents — John P. Reynolds, Chicago, Ills. ; J. H. Bryant, St. Paul, Minn. ; C. H. Turner, St. Louis, Mo. ; A. J. Murray, Memphis, Tenn. ; Dr. P. W. Byers, Lena, Ills. ; C. F. Van Buskirk, Troy, Kan. ; James A. Storms, St. Joseph, Mo. ; Dr. H. Enos, Milwaukee, Wis. ; F. W. Good- ale, Delhi Mills, Mich. ; Dr. N. H. Paaren, Chicago, Ills. ; I. K. Felch, Natick, Mass. ; E. T. M. Simmons, Oil City, Ponn. ; H. A. Mansfield, Waltham, Mass.; C. A. Sweet, Buffalo, N. Y. ; W. H. Todd, Vermilion, Ohio; J. F. Fer- ris, Stamford, Conn. ; L. E. Linsebaugh, Syracuse, Neb. ; J. C. Febles, Denver, Col. ; JI. T. Kelly, Bloomingdale, Ind. ; J. AV. Clinton, Polo, Ills. Secretary and Treasure) — ^Chas. P. Willard, Chicago, Ills. Executive Committee — S. H. Seamans, Wauwatosa, Wis. ; Henry I. Allen, Schoolcraft, Mich. ; W. W. Corbett, Chi- cago, Ills.; B. N. Pierce, Corning, Iowa; Lon. Hardman, St. Joseph, Mo. ; Eb. Denney, Aurora, Ills. ; John Bennett, Sunman, Ind. ; C. J. Ward, Cedar Rapids, Iowa ; A. Fer- guson, East Saginaw, Mich.; Walter J. Brown, Waukcgan, Ills. ; Z. C. Luse, Iowa City, Iowa ; Alonzo Snider, Chicago, Ills. ; N. B. Sherwin, Cleveland, Ohio; Dr. R. Schiffman, St. Paul, Minn. ; H. H. Cook, Omaha, Neb. ; D. L. Miller, (For Fanciers' .r„urn;il.) THE NATIONAL POULTRY ASSOCIATION. The meeting of delegates from the various poultry socie- ties of the West, and prominent gentlemen interested in the formation of a Western, or National Association, convened at the Grand Pacific Hotel, in Chicago, Thursday, April 8th, at 2 r.Nt., as had boon contemplated. The attendance was good, numbering about forty fanciers, principally from Illinois, though including quite a number from Iowa, Wisconsin and Michigan. Mr. D. L. Miller, of Polo, Ills., was called to the chair, and Mr. Henry I. Allen, of Schoolcraft, Mich., appointed temporary secretary, whereupon the meeting proceeded at once to business. A motion was made that a committee of five be appointed by the chair to draft a constitution and by-laws for accept- ance, which was carried, and the following gentlemen named as such committee: E. L. Lamb, Chicago, Ills. ; B. N. Pierce, Corning, Iowa; C. W. Heaton, Farmington, Ills. ; Eb. Denney, Aurora, Ills. ; C. P. Willard, Chicago, Ills. After consultation the committee presented a constitution and by-laws substantially the same as that adopted by the convention, which wo give below. The articles were read one by one and voted upon by the meeting. The only changes of note being the striking out an article in the constitution providing for the dissolution of the Association, and the amendment of Section 2, Article III of the by-laws, making it read, " They shall prepare the premium lists and adopt the scale of points of the revised American standard of cxcolloncc," instead of "adopt the standard scale of points." Article IV of the by-laws was also added, upon motion of Mr. Hoaton, of Illinois. A motion was then made that the constitution and by-laws, as a whole, be adopted, which was carried. The election of officers being next in order, Mr. Edward L. Lamb, of Chicago, was nominated for the presidency, '. Polo, Ills. ; N. R. Nye, Leavenworth, Kan. ; C. W. Heaton, and there being no opposition, the secretary was instructed Farmington, Ills. ; J. T. Bicknell, Westmoreland, N. T. ; to cast the ballot of the meeting for Mr. Lamb. ' J. M. Wade, Philadelphia, Penn. ; A. J. Tuck, Nashua, N. 246 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. H. ; David Jones, Tecumseh, Mich. ; J. J. Habted, Decatur, Ills. Among the gentlemen present were the following: E. B. Brooks, Chicago, Ills.; J. B. Lippet, Marengo, Ills. ; M. Donehue, J. J. Kerney, C. C. Cross, 0. Forester, Chicago, Ills. ; Geo. A. Butters, Oak Park, Ills. ; J. W. Clinton, Polo, Ills. ; J. D. Olcott, Dr. H. Enos, Milwaukee, Wis. ; B. L. Dyer, W. H. Woodward, Chicago, Ills. ; W. J. Brown, Waukegan, Ills. ; H. R. Vandercort, E. C. Taylor, Chicago, Ills. ; H. A. Mansfield, Waltham, Mass. ; C. J. Ward, Cedar Eapids, Iowa ; Ered. B. Eaul, J. R. Haggard, Dow- ner's G-rove, Ills. ; A. Snider, E. M. Teall, Dr. N. H. Paaren, Albert W. Landon, Chicago^ Ills. ; D. L. Miller, Polo, Ills. ; Henry I. Allen, Schoolcraft, Mich. ; C. P. Willard, Chicago, Ills. ; B. N. Pierce, Corning, Iowa; C. W. Heaton, Farm- ington. Ills. ; E. L. Lamb, Chicago, Ills. ; Eb. Denney, Aurora, Ills. CONSTITUTION. Article 1. — The designation and style of this organiza- tion shall be " The National Poultry Association." Article 2. — The object of this Association is the improve-- ment of poultry, pigeons, birds, dogs, fish, and small pets, and the dissemination of practical knowledge concerning them ; the holding of exhibitions ; the publication of trans- actions, and such other measures as the association may deem expedient. It shall also aim to secure the oo-opemtion of the various local poultry organizations in holding exhibi- tions. Article 3. — The officers of this association shall consist of a President, twenty Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and Treasurer, who shall perform the duties of both offices, an Executive Committee which shall consist of the President and Secretary and twenty-three additional members, an Auditing and Finance Committee to consist of any three members of the Executive Committee selected by the Pres- ident, excepting the President and Secretary, who shall be ineligible. All ofiicers of this Association shall be elected by ballot at the regular annual meeting, to hold their oflices for one year, or until their successors are elected. A majority of all the votes cast shall constitute an election. Vacancies occurring during the interim, shall be filled by the Executive Com- mittee. Article 4. — The members of this Association shall consist of such persons as are approved by the Executive Commit- tee, upon the payment of an initiation fee of two dollars, and annual dues of one dollar per annum ; the term of all memberships shall expire on the first day of October ; any member neglecting or refusing to pay annual dues for ninety days after the first day of October, shall be deemed to have forfeited his membership. The Executive Committee may reinstate a member at any time within sixty days from the annual meeting. No member shall be entitled to vote for ofiicers at the annual meetings unless he shall have paid his dues for the current year. A member may be expelled for cause, at any time, by a two-thirds vote of all the members of the Executive Committee. Any member retiring from the Association shall thereby renounce all claim to property belonging to the Association. Article 5. — The regular meetings of this Association shall be held on the fourth Thursday of April, July and October. The regular annual meeting for the election of officers, shall be held on the Thursday of the exhibition week of each year. Article 6. — This constitution may he altered or amended at any regular meeting after written notice of such alterations or amendment shall have been given at any previous regular meeting. BY-LAWS. Article 1. — The President shall preside at all meetings of this Association. He will appoint all Special Committees, unless otherwise ordered by the Association. He shall call extra meetings upon the written request of three or more members of the Executive Committee, or of five members of the Association. He shall also preside at the opening and closing of exhibitions,, and on all occasions where the Asso- ciation is officially represented. In case of the absence of the President, or of his inability to act, a Vice-President shall act as presiding officer. Article 2. — The Secretary and Treasurer shall conduct the general correspondence of the Association, and have custody of. the same. He shall read at the meetings of the Association all important letters received, and the answers thereto, as copied in a book provided for that purpose. He shall prepare and distribute all notices of meetings of the Association and of the Executive Committee. He shall keep the minutes of such meetings, and have charge of all the books and papers appertaining to his office. He shall also keep a correct list of all the members of the Association, the date of their election, and their places of residence. He shall be the custodian of the seal of the Association, which he will only use under the direction of the Association. He will also notify all members of their election. He shall col- lect all moneys for members' initiation fees or dues, or any other moneys of the Association. He shall give bonds for the faithful performance of his duties, in such amount as may be deemed necessary by the Finance Committee. He shall be the custodian of all moneys belonging to the Associa- tion, from which he shall pay all billsof the Association, after such bills have been audited by the Auditing Committee. He shall have charge of the sale of tickets at the annual ex- hibitions ; shall keep a book in which shall be entered the amounts received and disbursed by him ; shall make general reports of the financial condition of the Association at its regular meetings, and oftener if requested by the Executive Committee. He shall have his books, papers, and accounts always open for the inspection of the Executive Committee, or any of its members. Article 3. — See. 1. The Executive Committee will hold meetings at the call of two or more of its members, five of whom are a quorum. They will have complete control and supervision of the aftairs of the Association. Sec. 2. The Executive Committee shall designate the local- ities for holding the annual exhibitions ; will provide suitable accommodations for, give publicity to, and consummate the same. They shall prepare the premium lists, and adopt the scale of points of the revised American standard of excel- lence ; appoint all judges ; receive, supervise, and promulgate their reports and decisions. Sec. 3. The Executive Committee will cause to be desig- nated and executed suitable medals and diplomas, and procure such other awards as it may deem desirable and expedient. They will have entire control of the annual exhibitions, in all their various details. Article 4. — These By-Laws may be altered or amended at any regular meeting of this Association. FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 247 (For Fanciers' Journal.) A TRIP TO MELROSE POULTRY YARDS. SlCKliNU in a Into nuiiibi.^r ol' tlio Fanciers' Journal a com- municution from Mr. Ward, of Pcnbody, referring to tlio fine Light Hralima stock of Messrs. G. P. Burnham and W. S. Woymouth, of Melrose, Mass., and afterwards having the opportunity to examine the birds in Mr. "Ward's yards, wliich ho purchased of these gentlemen, in company with a neighbor fancier I visited Melrose, last week, and passed a very pleasant hour or two at that pretty village. At the poultry farm of Mr. Weymouth (where Burn- ham's stock and hi.s own arc now bred together), I was gratified in being able to indorse Mr. Ward's favorable notice of their fowls ; which, for so large a number of high ipiality, I have never seen equalled in the Light Brahma line. They are large, very uniform, of pure color, and evi- dently carefully selected and mated for desirable " points " in breeding. Their pens are divided ofl', for this season, into eight or ten lots, and I should say they have near a hundred stock-birds which they are now breeding, that can not b(^ easily beaten, as a whole, while amongst them there are certainly many that I should consider first-class, were I their owner. I noticed your allusion to Mr. Burnham's " pedigreeing " some fowls, in a recent issue. I do not yet see all the ad- vantages claimed by many for this process, and it strikes me that your remarks touching this particular instance, were reasonable; for, if I remember rightly, Mr. Burnham has hitherto thought the pedigreeing of fowls " quite super- fluous," and " bordering on the sham of the chicken trade," about which he has written so spicily in years past. How- ever, without discussing this point, which, so far, I do not take much interest in (for I believe that good birds ajvgood birds, pedigree or no pedigree), I must say that we were highly pleased with the Melrose stock of Light Brahmas. Leaving these quarters, we called at the nicely-arranged yards of Mr. Charles H. Edmonds, the breeder of what is destined to become the famous " Pea-comb Partridge Coch- ins." Here we saw about one hundred old and young stock of this " new variety," which Mr. Edmonds has been care- fully developing during the last four or five years, and which are ^ splendid collection of birds. In one of the early numbers of the Fanciers' Journal, they were first publicly spoken of, and the past year they have been quite successful at the shows. At the last exhibition of the Massachusetts Poultry Society, this stock was awarded five prizes, and the $100 special for " best new variety." This association officially recognized the " Pea-comb Part- ridge Cochins" as a distinct breed, and at Bufl'alo, in Feb- ruary, this year, Mr. Edmonds' stock carried oB" four or five prizes, was duly commended, and then recognized by the American Poultry Association. Subsequently the " Pea- comb Partridge Cochins " were entered formally, and ac- cepted for registration, with scale of points*, in the American Standard of excellence, next edition, so I am informed. It is a noble race of fowls, and Mr. Edmonds has suc- ceeded wonderfully well with them, judging from the stock ho is now breeding. That this innovation of the pea-comb upon the Cochin varieties will prove valuable, remains to be soon. In our cold northern climate, it seems to mo to be an advantage over the thin, high, single comb — as in the instance of the Brahmas. And this is what Mr. Edmonds claims is the leading gain made through his experiments. Wc have other enterprising fanciers in Mattacbusetta, whose stock is well known, and who havo now on hand a good show in their breeding pons, for 1875, to which I shall allude in a future paper. Yours truly, OS TIIK RaTL. (I'ur I-anckT»'.I..uri,:ilJ THE NEW ENGLAND POULTRY CONGRESS. A LONG AND INTKRE8TIN0 SKSSION. The first session of the New England Poultry Congre.ss assembled at the Lincoln House April 14th. Its object, as has already been stated in those columns, is to bring together the active workers of the various local societies, for mutual help, and the securing of a uniformity of action in regard to various points of common interest. The spirit of the Congress was admirable, and the discussions, though they were but brief and imperfect, indicated a broad field in which it can labor wisely, and beneficially to the poultry interest of New England. The Congress was called to order by Mr. H. T. Sperry, of Hartford, and he was chosen temporary chairman, and Mr. Winslow S. Lincoln, of Worcester, was chosen temporary secretary, and Mr. A. P. Stevens, of Natick, as assistant. Messrs. Philander Williams, of Taunton, A. D. Warren, of Worcester, and C. H. Haskill, of Portland, Me., were appointed a committee on credentials. The roll of the Con- gress was made up as follows : Maine State Society, Albert Noyes, C. H. Haskell. Na- tick Poultry Club, I. K. Felch, A. F. Stevens. Old Colony Poultry Association, L. W. Pufler, C. R. Heywood. Mid- dlesex Poultry Association, L. Martin, E. T. Rowell. Western Ma.ssachusetts Poultry Association, E. N. Foote, J. H. Demond. New England Poultry Club, A. D. Warren, Winslow S. Lincoln. Central Connecticut Poultry Associ- ation, James Shepherd, Geo. W. ^Mitchell. Mass. Poultry Association, Philander Williams, T. L. Sturlevant. New Hampshire State Poultry Association, V. C. Gilman, W. G. Garmon. Worcester County Poultry Club, H. A. Shorey, A. B. Bacon. Athol Poultry and Pet Stock Association, A. Mixtcr, of Phillipston. Connecticut State Poultry Soci- ety, H. T. Sperry, P. W. Hudson. Hartford Fanciers' Club, S. J. Bestor, O. S. Brown. 3[r. H. T. Sperry, of Hartford, was elected President, but declined the position, as did also Mr. 1. K. Felch, of Natick. j Mr. A. D. Warren, of Worcester, was then elected Presi- 1 dent, and accepted the position. Messrs. Albert Noyos, of Maine, A. Mixtcr, of Athol, : James Shepherd, of Connecticut, L. Martin, of Massachu- setts, and H. A. Shorey, of Spencer, were appointed to j nominate the remaining officers. Messrs. H. T. Sperry, T. L. Sturlevant, and C. H. Has- I kell were appointed a committee on the order of business, after which the Congress adjourned for tea. , At the evening session the committee of nomination re- ported the remaining officers, which was adopted and the I list was perfected as follows: I Presidait — A. D. Warren, Worcester. \ Vice Prcsidenix — Philander Williams, Taunton; V. C. Gilman, Nashua, N. H. ; I. K. Felch, Natick ; H. T. Sperry, ; Hartford ; P. W. Hudson, Manchester, Conn. ; Albert Noyes. Portland, Me. j Recording Secretary — Winslow S. Lincoln, Worcester. ! Corresponding Secretary — H. A. Shorey, Spencer. 248 PANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Audita?- — A. F. Stevens, Natiok. Treasurer — S. J. Bestor, Hartford. The Committee on Order of Business presented their report, which gave rise to considerable discussion. The question. of the selection of judges, in the various classes of poultry, to be recommended to the local societies, was introduced, and after some general debate, Mr. Sturte- vant moved that a committee be appointed to select a list of names for judges of Light Brahmas, and that the societies be recommended to adopt the system of one judge for each class. Mr. Sperry advocated the idea that similar action on all classes be had. He also advocated the one-judge system, as calculated to fix the responsibility of awards and secure better judgment. Mr. Felch favored the plan of judges afiixing cards with the numbers indicating the scale of merit, in a scale of 100 points, upon each premium coop, thus giving every one in the exhibition an opportunity to understand on what basis judgment was rendered. Messrs. Sturtevant, Gilman, Puffer, Williams, Shorey, and others, spoke upon the question, all agreeing that there is great need of a better system in the selection of judges, and that this motion was a step in the right direction, and the motion was adopted, but was subsequently reconsidered and changed to the selection of a list of judges on Light Brahmas by the convention without the intervention of a committee, etc. Carried. Mr. I. K. Felch moved the appointment of a committee of two on each class, to sit during the time between this and the next meeting, and select and approve judges in their several classes. This was designed to supplement the action of the Congress under Mr. Sturtevant's motion, and was carried. Societies are requested to send names of competent judges to these committees. Mr. Sturtevant nominated Mr. Philander Williams, of Taunton, as a judge of Light Brahmas, and he was elected without debate. Messrs. I. K. Felch and Henry Felch, of Natick; C. C. Plaisted, of Hartford; aud H. S. Ball, of Shrewsbury, were also selected as judges for Light Brahmas. The Cochin breeds were next taken up, and Messrs. Mark Pitman, of Beverly; Philander Williams, of Taunton; G. H. Bradley, of Hampden, Conn. ; Henry S. Ball, of Shrews- bury ; C. H. Crosby, of Danbury, Conn. ; and Albert ISToyes, of Bangor, Me., were selected and approved as judges in this class. The Polish class was next taken up, and Messrs. William E. Jennings, of Newton, Lower Falls ; Chas. Kockholt, of New Haven; Gardner Blanchard, of Milton, N. H. ; and Henry F. Bisco, Leicester, were approved. The committees of two on each class to nominate judges during the recess, were then appointed as follows : Asiatics — Philander Williams, T. L. Sturtevant. Dorkings, Plymouth Eocks, and Dominiques — V. C. Gil- man, H. A. Shorey. Spanish and Leghorn — A. F. Stevens, Albert Noyes. French and Polish— H. T. Sperry, E. S. Brewer. Games and Game Bantam.s — A. D. Warren, S. J. Bestor. Hamburgs — James Shepherd, A. B. Bacon. Bantams other than Games— A. F. Stevens, I. K. Felch. Turkeys and Water Fowls — A. Mixter, W. S. Lincoln. Pigeons — Philander Williams, C. N. Haskell. The thanks of the Congress was authorized to be sent to the proprietors of the Parker House, Boston, for the free use of a room for one of the preliminary meetings of the Con- gress. The question of finance was discussed, and it was finally agreed to charge each local society a fee of $5 for member- ship. Messrs. Sperry, Stevens, and Warren were appointed committee to prepare a statement of the proposed objects and expected advantages of the Congress, for publication in the poultry journals. The Congress voted to adjourn the annual meeting to meet in Boston on the second Wednesday in July, after ex- pressing its thanks to Mr. Balcom, of the Lincoln House, for the free use of the parlor for the session of the Congress. (For Fanciers' Journiil.) MINNESOTA STATE POTJLTKY SOCIETY. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : Our annual exhibition was a decided success, and far beyond our expectations. The entries numbered 227 exclusive of 40 coops of pigeons of as many varieties. As usual the display of Asiatics predominated, among which were some fine birds from the yards of Philander Williams, Todd, Jones & Green, Higgins, aud others. Of Dorkings none were shown. Games were well represented, chiefly b}' crosses, and were as fine birds as are ever shown elsewhere. Judging, which usually is unsatisfactory in this class, was the same here on account of a 2d premium being awarded to a coop of Derby crossed, the legs of hen and cock not matching. In the Spanish class some very fine White Leghorns of Todd's strain were shown. The Black Spanish were fair. Of Houdans, but two coops were on exhibition, and the first and only premium, besides two specials awarded to H. C. Smith, Esq., of Le Sener, Minn. ; these birds were the first ever shown in the State. Polish and Hamburgs were well represented. In Bantams there was considerable competition and some dissatisfaction on awards. On Black Reds, 1st and 2nd premium was awarded to fowls which were very .small, the dubbing was poor, yet it is questionable whether they possess any game blood, as subse- quent to the awards, a B. E. cockerel who received no premium, except special of silver cup, for most symmetrical and active, easily cleaned out both of these in a bill fight, they offering no resistance whatever after three or four flies. The same cockerel afterwards easily cleaned out the balance, consecutively, consisting of two G. Sebright and two White Bantams. No turkeys were exhibited. The display of Geese and Ducks was large, among which were a coop of " decoys," labelled "Wood Ducks," the front of which was covered and bore the inscription, " Eaise gently as they are very shy;" upon raising this the sell was very apparent and created considerable amusement. Of Pigeons the display exceeded any other ever made in the State. Mr. T. S. Powers' collection was large and fine, and that of Mr. Wm. Keil, of this city, though smaller, deserves honorable mention. Of cage birds, Mr. Keil car- ried off the palm for the best collection, and among others was a linnet, trained to " work for a living " by hauling a little car, containing food, attached to a chain up an inclined plane, whenever attempted by desire. The display of Babbits and pet animals was creditable and greatly admired by the fair sex and children. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 249 In conclusion accept our thiinks for your prompt and liberal response to our call for special prenniums. Very respectfully, R. SCHIFFMAN, M.D., St. Paul, Minn., March ao, 187.5. Sec. Minn. State Poultry Asso. P.S. — The show commoncod March 23d, at Music Hall, at St. Paul, and clo.sed on the evening of March 27, IST."). N. E. POULTRY CLUB. At the annual meeting of tlie N. E. Poultry Club, held April 0th, tlie following officers were elected : — President — Hon. J. W. Wetherell, Worcester. Vice-Presidents — Albert Noyes, Maine; Wm. G. Garman, N. H ; E. N. Bissell, Vt; P. W. Hudson, Conn. ; J. T. Peckham, R. I. ; Winslow S. Lincoln, Mass. Corresponding Secretary — F. J. Kinney, Worcester. Recording Secretary and Treaxnrer — ,J. R. Pierce, Wor- cester. Executive Commitiee^-F . A. Stratton, AVoreester ; J. H. Aldrich, Whitinsville ; A. D. Warren, Worcester; R. Hol- man, Leicester; A. F. Stevens, Natiok ; Warren Smith, Whitinsville; Geo. H. Estabrook, Worcester; Wm. H. Bliss, Worcester; E. H. Hero, Milford; P. H. Mason, Worcester. Delegates to attend thePouUry Congress, April \iih — A. D. Warren, Winslow S. Lincoln. It was voted to hold the next exhibition January 5, 6, and 7, 1876. There will be a small surplus in the treasury after paying all expenses of last winter's exhibition. 8®" Odd Pets. — Her British majesty's sailors are pas- sionately fond of pets ; they must have something to love, be it a bear or a cockroach — extremes, you see ; but there is actually a case on record of a sailor who successfully tamed a cockroach, so that the little follow knew his master's voice, and would hurry from a corner of the box in which he was caged when summoned, emitting a strange, buzzing sound. His death, which took place in the inevitable course of events, occasioned his tamer great sorrow. Another noteworthy pet was Jock, a seal of tender years, who for many months retained the aftcctions of all hands, until washed overboard in a gale of wind. This creature's time on board was fully occupied in a daily round of duty, pleasure, and labor. His duty consisted in eating seven meals a day, and bathing in a tub after each ; his pleasure, to lie on his side on the quarter- deck, and be scratched and ]H>tted ; while his labor consisted of ceaselessly endeavoring to enlarge a certain scupper hole sufficiently to permit his escape to his native ocean. How indefatigably he used to work, day by day and hour after hour, scraping on the iron, first with one flipper, then anoth- er, then poking his nose in to measure the result with his whiskered face. He kept the hole bright and clear, but did not sensibly enlarge it, at least to human ken. Jock's successor on that ship was a youthful bear of arctic nativity. He wasn't a nice pet. He took all you gave him, and wanted to eat your hand as well, but he never said, "Thank you," and permitted no familiarity. When he took his walks abroad, which he did every morning, although ho never went out of his road for a row, he walked straight ahead, with his nose downward, growling, and gnawed and tore everything that touched him — not at all a pet worth being troubled with. PiqEOfI DE(=yvF^j|viE[^T. (F"rFancii.T»Mourii:d.) HIGH-FLYING TUMBLERS. feeding, etc. Joseph M. AVade. I was highly pleased, a short time since, whilst perusing the columns of a English poultry journal, to find a very interesting account of the most wonderful of all fancy pets, viz., the High-Flying Tumbler, copied from the American Fanciers'' Journal. I consider the remarks made there by " Blue Jacobin " of great importance to those who may be inclined to take a fancy to this skilful little gymnast; and if followed up for some months will be the chief means of raising them to an higher elevation than the chimney tops, where they are invariably found when in the hands of ama- teurs. It is a fancy I have taken a great interest in my- self for the last ten years, both here and on the other side of the Atlantic. I have not seen a real good trained flock since I left England where they are made a great fancy of, and I may here state that I have owned a flock there my- self that would do their five hours daily. I imported some last summer which I think will equal those I left behind, if not prove their superiors very soon, as the lot I bred last year often do as much as three hours a day in a manner most surprising to those who have not been in some large cities where they are made a great object of notice. I beg to congratulate " Blue Jacobin " for the energetic manner in which he tries to raise them from their sadly neglected position in this country. In the first place I would advise all young beginners to make a feeding-box, more commonly known as the hopper. FEEDIKG BOX FOR PtOEONS [This feeding box was given some time ago in the Jour- nal. It wouldbe much improved by placing upright wires around the outside of the box, to prevent pigeons from back- ing into it and soiling the grain. — Ed.] This is a triangular-shaped box with about half an inch space along the bottom so as to let the feed gradually run into a trough underneath. This trough should measure about six inches in width and the box fixed on an elevation 250 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. of one inch from the lower trough by means of the two ends which holds it together, so as the pigeon picks the feed from the under trough it descends from the upper one. By keeping one of these useful constructions in your house your birds will always have good clean food, and you will be subject to very little waste, provided you have no mixed grain in it. If you throw twodiflFerent kinds into it at one time they are most sure to take one in preference to the other, so the discarded one has to go over the side upon the floor before they can get more of their favorite food. I feed them on gray peas (commonly known as Canada peas), which I consider is more suitable for flying-birds than cracked corn, with a little hemp-seed occasionally. I give peas the preference because it makes the bird's flesh hard, whereas the corn has great merits for fattening, which latter point is not needed to a great extent. The hemp-seed should never be mixed up and thrown into the box with the peas, as it takes the preference before all other things with any kind of pigeons. In making one of these boxes it would be best to have it large enough to hold two or three pecks at one filling, so that your pigeons stand no risk of being without food when they are hungry, as it is always open to their wants, which is more generally needed after a long fly. Again, if it is the custom with you as it is with some I have seen, to feed your birds by hand, you will find them swarming around as soon as you enter their pen, for their morning feed, which you throw about the floor, and a great amount of it is sure to become dirty and wasted. But what is your great surprise on hearing the clock strike, and you find it is almost time you were started to the city on busi- ness, as you generally find men of business in this fancy. "Well, you must start the flock first, then you make haste to be going yourself; but what is your astonishment, on getting outside the house, to find them hovering around their favorite building, and a few, perhaps, who took too much of the enticing luxury, settled on the trap, taking an easy survey of which perch it will be most convenient for them to pass the day on. If you turn them out before feed- ing you may well imagine they will not make a long per- formance, because of the great fasting they have endured through the night. Especially if you had to make an un- expected call on some particular lady friend, a few miles from home, or some business delayed you in the city, so that it was late before you returned, in which case you would have to supply them with a light, so as to pick up their evening meal, saying nothing of the distress it would bring on your young birds. Then just as you are going to leave them for the night, one of the hens will fly ofl' from her nest, so that you have to stay another ten or flfteen minutes until she has taken what she requires. If you go away and leave her on the floor you run great risk of getting no young ones when the time comes for hatching. How often I have heard men say, when their birds did not flyto their satisfaction, "that they were fed only a short time before you came," or else, "they had not had anything to eat yet," whichever excuse may come to their assistance first; whereas, if you adopt the plan I have tried to explain, you will find your birds in good flying condition, and always ready for their work once a day without any trouble, ex- cept filling the box occasionally. I can speak from expe- rience, as I have used it for several years and seen the dififer- euce produced by it. In "Blue Jacobin's" remarks, he says, "The Balds are the favorite birds for the flying fancy ;" but I think myself that they are a thing of the past, and have been obliged to give the sway to a specimen known as the MuflF-Legged Tumblers, which, if I remember rightly, were originally known as the Dutch Roller; having kept the Balds in my early days, I found they had not the power of endurance that this variety possesses. Another reason why I prefer the Roller is, because they tumble more and have a greater con- trast in markings which takes the eye of an amateur quicker. There are two varieties of Muff-Legged Tumblers, viz., the long Mufi^, and the short Muff'; for my own fancy I prefer the latter, as I consider they are the easiest to start when young and fly with greater ease than the long Muff's. You will occasionally find the muff' disappear in breeding, though they are, in my estimation, of no less value as flyers. The long muff birds make a good appearance in the show- pen. Another reason why this interesting little bird should not be neglected in this country, is, they .are extra good nurses, and I have raised as many as six young ones from one pair of old birds during the regular breeding season, so that I think they would become both useful and ornamental to the breeder of high-class fancy stock, which birds you often find desert their young before they are capable of providing for themselves. I wish "Blue Jacobin" great success in introducing amongst his neighbors this notable and interesting little bird, as it is a great pity so valuable a friend in leisure hours should be neglected. Joseph Gavin, Cambridgeport, Mass. Spof\TS[vi/^fJ's DEpy^F^jiviEfJy. I see, Mr. Editor, that "Greenhorn" asks advice, and I will try to put him on the short road to obtain it: Greenhorn, your dog is the kind known, in England, by the name of Dropper, a cross between Pointer and Setter, and in high esteem with such sportsmen as, shooting in a wet country, like a dog of all work. The Yorkshire Dropper has been long famous among sporting dogs. Your dog has been badly used, and, I should say, never had fair play; remember, "Greenhorn," that kindness, brains, and patience are the whips that are used now in training dogs and children. My advice is to keep your dog. What you want is a good book on " The Dog." Mr. "Wade, S9 N. Ninth St., Philadelphia, Pa., will get for you " Dinks, Mayhew, and Hutchinson, on the Dog," price $3. It con- tains all you wish to know on dog training, and, what is still better, how to take care of them when sick. Buy the FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 251 book GroenhoiTi, and go to work and remember the old motto "Never too old to learn," holds good with dogs as wi^ll as mon. Fokrestek. Al'RlL l.i, 1870. WHITE aUAILS. A YKAR ago from last full ii pair of white quails were net- ted in the western part of this ('ounty and were purchased by G. H. Kibble, Esq., of this city. They were very much like the ordinary quail with the exception of being pure white. Mr. Kibble kept tliein until last May and then, as they seemed drooping and despondent, turned them loose in the woods south of town. Nothing more was heard of them until early in the fall, when they were discovered on the Lackland farm, with an interesting family of thirteen chicks, all as white as themselves. They are yet in that vicinity, our sportsmen, by common consent, leaving them unmolested. If it had only been a freak of nature, as was supposed by some to bo the case with the pair captured, the progeuy would have been of the ordinary color. They are evidently a kind new to this country. What is their pro- per name and classification, and where did they come from ? Will some one who is [wsted please inform us. — Mexico {Mo.) Intelligencer. 8®°" Analogiks in Nature.— In manj' respects, the cocoanut is like the human skull, although it more closely resembles the skull of the monkey, and may perhaps serve Darwin's purpose as a link between the two ; a sponge may be so held as to remind one of the unfleshed face of the skele- ton ; and the meat of an English walnut is almost an exact representation of the brain. Plums and black cherries re- semble the human eye ; almonds and some other nuts resem- the difl'erent varieties of the human nose ; and an opened oyster and its shell are a perfect image of the human car. "The shape of almost any man's body," we are told, "may bo found in the various kinds of mammoth pumpkins." The open hand may be discerned in the form assumed by scrub willows and growing celery. The German turnip and egg-plant resemble the human heart. The form of many mechanical contrivances may be traced back to patterns furnished by nature. Thus, the hog suggests the plow, the butterfly the ordinary hinge, the toadstool the umbi-ella, the duck the ship, the fungus growth on trees the bracket. J®" Do TuEY Know the Time? — It seems evident that some animals, at least, know when Sunday comes. A friend of mine has a dog that always runs with the wagon. On week days the wagon turns to the right from the gate and goes down to the factory. On Sunday it turns to the left, and goes to church. The dog runs ahead ; on Sunday he turns to the left, and no intimation is given. Six days the sagacious animal runs on in advance to the factory. Even the horse understands the day as well as the way to church. No one that has passed a week day in Venice will have failed to have seen the pigeons fed at the hour of noon. More than one hundred of these little animals have come at noon for their food. They never mistake the hour. They never come at ten or eleven. When the bell of St. Mark's begins to clang out the hour of noon, not a bird can be seen ; before the bell ceases the air will be black, and doves by the hundred fly to the windows. On Sunday no grain is given. The old bell jars out twelve o'clock, but no birds appear. They can count — they know when Suivday comes. A^> A Novel Adventubb.— As Dr. Billington, of thU town, was riding along near Mount Carmel, he descried a deer on the road and .shouted at it, expecting to .see a fine run across the fields. The deer was so frightened that in attempting to jump the fence it struck the fence-rider and fell back. The doctor kept on shouting all the while, and the confusion of the animal became so great that each suc- ceeding attempt was no more successful than the first. See- ing this, the doctor rained his horse in the corner of the fence, jumped out of his buggy, and made for the deer, and actually caught it, but had no sooner touched it than ho found himself in the ditch. After two or three ups and downs it got away from him ; but, being a doctor, he fought on scientific principles, and in his endeavors to cut the car- otid artery, inflicted a wound on its neck. The confused and now wounded animal ran otF ten or twelve rods, and actually came back to the same spot to jump the fence, and with the same ill-success as before. The doctor closed in and caught it a second time, and after another series of ups and downs, succeeded in severing the carotid artery with his penknife, when the deer's life-blood soon effused, and it sank a victim to its captor's pluck. After the excitement was over, the doctor found himself too much exhausted to lift his prize into the carriage. By resting some time, however, he was able to do so ; and that being done, he drove home — we will not say a bigger, but certainly a pleased, muddy, and bloody man. — StratKroy [Canada) Dispatch. J©" Mr. Smiley's Gtht. — Kecently it occurred to Mr. Smiley, of Darbey, that it would be a good thing to go out to see if he could not shoot a rabbit or two. He always kept his gun loaded and ready in the corner of the room, so he merely shouldered it and went out. After a while he saw a rabbit, and taking aim, he pulled the trigger. The gun failed to go oft'. Then he pulled the other trigger, and the cap snapped again. Mr. Smiley used some extreme language, and then, taking a pin, he picked the nipples of the gun, primed them with a little powder, and started again. Presently he saw another rabbit, but both caps snapped , again. The rabbit did not see Smiley, so he put on more caps, and they snapi)cd too. Then Smiley cleaned out the nipples once again, primed them, and tired the gun off at a fence. Then the caps snapped again. Then Smiley became furious, and in his rage he expended forty-seven caps in an effort to make the gun go off. When the forty-seventh cap missed also, Smiley thought that there might, perhaps, be something the matter with the inside of the gun, so he tried the barrels with his ramrod. To his utter dismay, ho discovered that both barrels were empty. Mrs. Smiley, who is nervous about firearms, had drawn the load without telling Smiley, for fear of making him angry. If there had been a welkin anywhere about, it would probably have been made to ring with Mr. Smiley's excited denunciations of Mrs. Smiley. Finally, however, he became cooler, and, loading both barrels, ho started again after rabbits. He saw one id a few moments, and was about to fire, when he noticed that there were no caps on his gun. He felt for one, and to his dismay found that he had snapped the last one oft". Then he ground hia teeth and walked home. On his way he saw at least six hundred rabbits. Ho has been out hunting every day since, however, with his sun in first-rate order, and he has never laid eyes on a solitary rabbit. Smiley is beginning to ihinic something is wrong in the government of the universe. 252 FANOIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i €^ ANCIERS' 1|0URHA1 AND flpOULTEY (Jj^XCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Raxjb, Associate Editor. Published "Weekly at 39 North Uinth Street, Philadelphia. srescRiPTiosr price— postage free. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " U. S. and Canada 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. We are indebted to JMr. C. J. Ward, of the Swine and Poultry Journal, also to Mr. Charles P. Willard, poultry editor of the National Live Stock Journal, for early proofs of the doings of the "National Poultry As.sociation," at Chicago. It would appear, from Mr. Willard's letter, that the convention was very harmonious, and that the list of officers, constitution and by-laws, given elsewhere, were voted for and elected unanimously. In fact almost too much so ; we vifould much rather the debate would come before the organization and avoid, in some cases, much controversy afterward ; although we do not expect it in this case, as the Western fancier is more liberal in his views, and if the or- ganization is not just what it should be will wait patiently until the next annual meeting, when suggestions will be in proper order. Mr. Willards writes : " I have heard no un- favorable comments, except that the convention might have been more deliberate in its action ; though how any gentle- man, who sat quietly and saw the convention transact its business without moving amendments, or offering to discuss questions as they came up, can-find fault with it.o action I do not understand. There were frequent invitations for an expression of opinion, while the committee were in consulta- tion, but every one seemed satisfied with the course things were taking. In conclusion, the National Association hopes to prove its usefulness by its work." THE EXCHANGE COLUMN. Mr. Chas. v. Holder writes us as follows, in reference to the advantages of the Exchange column in the Journal, which is not used as frequently as its merits demands : "Your Exchange column works wonders. I could have disposed of ten times the amount of stock I did. Applica- tions began to arrive before I received the Journal." Mr. Geo. Shiras & Bro., of Alleghany, Pa., writes: " The last Exchange in the Journal brought us thirteen offers of pigeons, etc., etc. All of this for 2.5 cents." We think if our readers would look into the advantages of the Exchange column it would be used much more ex- tensively than it now is, for we doubt if there is a single reader of the Journal but what has some article lying idle, that could be exchanged to the mutual advantage of both parties. Mr. E. p. Howlett, of Syracuse, New York, has pur- chased Mr. P. W. Hudson's entire stock of Brown Red Game fowls, and intends to breed them as a specialty. If Mr. Howlett does as much for the Brown Eed Games as he did for the Game Bantams, he will certainly make a success of it. IMPORTATION. Mr. C. B. Elben, of Pittsburg, Pa., has just received, per steamer " Baltic," one trio of choice Black African Ban- tams and one pair of Aylesbury Ducks. This importation was selected and shipped by Mr. C. Bartlett, of the Zoologi- cal Gardens, Regent's Park, London. They arrived in good condition. Mr. Elben is much pleased with them, and writes us that they are a valuable addition to his already fine col- lection. Mr. Elben does his work like a true fancier, regard- less of cost, and we can cheerfully recommend him and his stock to the readers of the Journal. Our readers will please notice the change of address of Wm. H. Kern, the veteran Light Brahma breeder of this city, who has removed his entire yards to North Wales, Montgomery Co., Pa., where all orders should be addressed and will receive earlier attention than if addressed to this city. The Fanciers' Journal and Poultry Exchange is a weekly journal, devoted to the interests of poultry fanciers, pub- lished in Philadelphia by Joseph M. Wade. It is brim full of information on the subject of poultry breeding, and com- mends itself to every owner of fancy fowls in the country. — Reading Times and Dispatch. CoF^F^ESpOfjDEflCE. large turkeys. Friend Wade : I see by a late " Journal " that one B. F. White, Ashley, Mass., has taken occasion to gobble over a hen turkey lately sold by him to Odell Steel, Oswego, N. Y., which weighed 22J pounds. — That's good, but I can beat it. At the late Buffalo Show my 1st prize Bronze Turkey hen (100 points), hatched May 20, 1873, judged by J. Y. Bicknell, weighed 26J- pounds; on the 1st of January she weighed 28 pounds. The above hen I sold to S. H. Seamans, Wauwatosa, Wisconsin. My 2d prize hen at Buffalo (98 points) weighed 25 pounds, in poor condition. Now if any of our turkeyerts can beat these weights let him propel and report progress. Yours truly, Geo. Van Derveer. Poet Jackson, N. Y., April 12, 1375. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir: I have just received the envelopes with cut of Golden-Spangled Hamburg on and am highly pleased with them ; they do your establishment great credit. I see that Mr. Lambing complains of a Black Hamburg pullet being singularly affected, and says he does not know what the matter is. I can inform him, it is simply rheu- matism, which will pass away if he will put her where it is warm and dry. Yours truly, Ithaca, N. Y., April 12, 1875. Geo. W. Wood. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: I see by the last Jou7-nal that a writer from Portland claims that E. 0. Bailey won 2d premium on Buff Cochin chicks, at Boston, this season. Not so. I won 1st on Buff fowls, 2d on chicks, and special for best cock. Please make the correction and oblige. I have found out FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 253 one thing, that is this : it pays mo better to advertise in your paper than any poultry pnpor I ever tried, and I liuvo tried a great ninny. I had eiglit IJufl'cocIierids and ijuite a num- ber of pulloU, now thry are all gone. Most of my eu.stomers said tlioy saw the notice in Fanciers' Journal. Am all sold out; that is, all I care to sell. Yours, Ir,ioN, N. Y,, April 12, I87r>. Skward Mkiuiy. Jos. M. Wadk. Dear Siu; Your paper I receive regularly, and I am always glad to have the privilege (for so small a cost) to peruse its contents, for it is the only moans I have of know- ing what is going on among the/ot«i fraternity, since I quit Icceping poultry. I will send on my subscription for the present year in a day or two, but am tryiug to secure a few subscribers to send along. I hope that your list of sub- scribers may be double of what they were last year. "Wish- ing you every success with your valuable paper, I am Yours, a lover of poultry, Indianapolis, .Inn. 1.S7.1. DuNCAN McR. Kay. Mr. Wadk. Dear Sir: In answer to J[r. Lambing's inquiry, about the Hamburg puUet, I should say that she had been overfed, and not allowed to work for her food, which is very neces- sary for good health. I should feed shorts mixed with milk or scalding water in the morning, and good oats at night until she is well, and above all give her a good run in the open air where she can scratch for some of her food. Am glad to see the weekly issue of the Journal and hope it will got that support it so justly deserves. Yours, Wm. E. Shedd. Mr. Jos. M. Wadk. Dear Sir : I trust the success of the weeMy Journal is now assured, and that it will live many years and never fall below its present standard. 1 will give up my chickens and pigeons iirst, and that is equivalent to saying, I will take it until I have no use for it. Will use every eftort to increase its oirculation. Very truly, WiNNSHORO, .S. C, April 12, 1875. J. H. CUMMINQS. C/^yy^LoqiJES, ^c, F\ecei\/ed. Allen H. Twining, Doylestown, Pa. — Card. Common and fancy pigeons. L. S. Preston, Hartford, Conn.— lUu.strated price list. Common and Angora Kabbits. MuRi'HY & Broom, G24 Arch Street, Philada.— Circular. Foreign and domestic birds, cages, and appliances. J. J. Walkkr, Ann Arbor, Mich. — Circular, illustrated. Games. J. E. Lloyd, Richmond Market, Baltimore, Md.— Cir- cular. Cold Spring I'oullry Yards. Fancy stock. Wm. p. Atkinson, Erie, Pa.— Circular to poultry and pigeon fanciers. Fowls, 15 varieties ; pigeons, 18 varieties. C. G. Sanford, ii^^■ Friendship Street, Providence, R. 1. . — Circular. Specialties, D. and L. Brahmas. Lucius Dunhar, West Bridgcwaler, Mass. — Descriptive catalogue and price list. L. Brahmas, Plymouth Rocks, P. Cochins, and Black Russians. CuAS. F. Hawkins, Goshen, N. Y. B. Leghorn and P. Cochin fowls, and fancy pigeons. Peter Lepp, E. Saginaw, Mich, Price list. Pigeons. Fkrouson & Howard, E. Suglnaw, Mich. — lUuiitrated circular. Brown Leghorns and seventeen other varietie*, and pigeons. W. C. Hart, Clinton, N. Y. — Price list. Pigeons. np;NRY Skkrrktt, Greenville, N. J., iioulterer to I. Van Winkle. — Circular. iloudans, D. Brahmas, Partridge, White, and BufT Cochins; pigeons, fifteen varieties. W. G. Baker, Norwalk, Huron Co., Ohio. — Price list. Fowls, nine varieties ; also, Ferrets. SjWy^LL PeJ DEfA^F^Tf^EfJj AND YOUNO FOLK'S CORNKR. 4^ All communications and contributions intended for this depart- ment should bo addressed to HOWARD I. lilELAND, Camden, K. J. (For Fanciers' Journal.) BIRD LIME AND APPLICATION. I NOTiCKD an inquiry in No. (,, embracing manner of making and using bird-lime, which I shall attempt to answer. Take one quart of raw linseed oil and boil it in an iron vessel devoid of a seam, as the intense heat would melt the solder of a seamed one. Be careful not to have the heat .so intense as to burn the oil. In course of boiling, the oil will become viscid and adhe- sive ; allow a small quantity to cool and place between Hnger and thumb, to test when sufficiently strong. Cut a number of twigs from one-quarter to one-half inch and upwards in diameter, and a foot or more in length, notched around either end, and thoroughly cover with the bird lime. Fasten them by means of thin copper wire, passed around the notched sticks on the tops of limbs and branches where birds frequently alight. Larger sticks may be split in half, and smeared on the round surface only, and tied on larger limbs. To be entirely successful, one must cut most of limbs from a common-sized bush or shrub, tie a bird-lime stick on each running limb, and placp a cage with a song bird against the stem and about half-way up the shrub. To preserve your prepared twigs, get a piece of leather the width of your longest twigs, and about two feet in length ; fold in middle of length, place twigs in, and roll. No one need fail who will adopt the plan proposed. Recently a new " stick'em " has been devised in the land of genius for catching nobler game. I have seen specimens weighing from 130 to 1(30 pounds completelj' caught. They call it " pedigree I " It is not as universal in its application as the old-fashioned bird lime used so long by naturalists, but is remarkably eft'ective in catching animals of the genus Homo, species Sn/iirns. You get the recipe ''down oast" for twenty-five cents I have seen immense "catches" by this recipe. Seth Green in his most hopeful mood would not promise such "catches " of shad in our noble Susquehanna. I may find opportunity to describe some of the results of the " new departure." Sam. [We have not inquired the weight of "Sam "; but, judging from his manner of writing, he must come between the two weights named above. — Ed.] THE SUFFERINGS OF THE BIRDS. Thk Baltimore Sun of Monday has this paragraph : " The severity of the recent extremely cold weather in its eftect on the birds of the air and the waterfowl has been 254 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. mentioned. Many thousand of crows were frozen and starved. Hundreds of them have been found blind, unable to navigate from loss of sight, and helpless from cold and want of food. It is learned that this blindness is caused by the starved birds picking each other's eyes at night on their i-oosts, where in their reduced state from hungry they fight with desperation, and practice in extremity a sort of fierce cannibalism on each other. Many wild ducks have been captured, stupefied and starving. A gentleman living a few miles from Baltimore reports thot the robins, in great num- bers, having exhausted the food available in the up-country, or cut oif from supplies by the ice and snow, are driven to the borders of the city to satisfy their hunger. In some cases they have stripped the holly trees of all the berries, and gobbled up all the food they could find. In one instance there was a robin on a holly tree for almost every berry it bore. The tree being within a few yards of one of the win- dows of the house, the humane master of the house fed them, and not only the robbins, but the English sparrows and other poor little birds found a hospitable resting place and a secure harbor, compensating the family by their songs of thanks and presence. The pigeons in the city have also suffered very much from the cold. All day yesterday the strange spectacle was presented in the harbor of a fraterniz- ing between a large number of crows and sea-gulls, which seemed moved by one common impulse — the desire to find food. It was not uncommon to see a score of gulls and twice as many crows together upon the ice in localities where some choice morsels could be found, which had been cast overboard from vessels, and the cawing of the crows com- mingled with the shrill notes of their white friends, the gulls, made rather discordant music. The opinion was expressed that the crows, being unable to find food on land, were driven by starvation to seek subsistence in the harbor. 8®" At a house on North Seventh street, in this city, they have a cat which will allow no one to sing or whistle in her presence. She is otherwise amiable and docile enough, but growls and springs viciously at any person who disturbs her ears with musical sounds. The worst of it is that the family are very musical. They are considering whether to sell their piano and let their voices rust, or to kill the over- critical cat. We know a man who will gladly take the cat off' their hands. He Wiints to turn her loose in his boarding- house, where four piano-thumpers, two amateur flutists, three old maids with cracked voices, and a boj' with a jews- harp render existence a burden. He has heard of this cat, says he sympathizes with her, and will gladly take her. From reliable parties, on any subject interesiing to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The followino Discounts will be made on Peompt Payments. For three months, 12i^ per cent, discount. " six months, 25 " " " nine months 37J^ " *' " twelve months, 50 " " GHAXGED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchangees limited to 4S words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for eacli and every insertion. 45^ Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be leftover. N0NP.1EEIL Measukement. Count your lines by this rule, from line to line. Exc^jyVNQES. i8®* Advertisements in this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty- Eight Words, describing and offering for excbanji^e only, WILL BE ALLOWED AT 25 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. C- M, GRAY, Schenectady, N.Y., wants to exchange one trio Black Sumatra Games, and one trio Buff Cochins, for Black-Red Game Bantam pullets. S. POTTERTOJff, Germantown, Pa., will exchange one extra-fine Scotch Terrier bitch, four months old, for B. B. Rnd Game Bantams, one pair of Canary Birds for breeding, or one pair of White Fantails. Must be good stock as the dog is from imported stock. What offers? AI^FRED A. BEROW, Lock Box 702. Watertown, N. Y., would exchange one B. B. Bed Game pullet, one pair Duckwings, and one Tartar pullet — for pigeons of either of the following varieties: Jacobins, Fan- tails, Owls, Turbits, Tumblers, Trumpeters, Swallows. C. T. G. CJBCACE, 206 Franklin Street, New York, will exchange three W. C. B. Poland hens, good fowls, A No. 1— for White Poland hens, or win take a trio of S. S. Hamburgs, or a trio of White-crested Ducks. Who offers? Wai, I>. ZELiIi, Lancaster, Pa., will exchange Bee-hives, Simpherty (any size of frames), or Quinby's new hive honey boxes or frames — for Bees, black preferred. Hives are not patented. li- O. iJIilNGER, Milton, Pa., will exchange one Black and Tan Terrier dog, one year old, good blood— for Game Bantams or Song Birds. W. ATI.ee BURPEE, 1332 Arch Street, Philadelphia, wants Brown Leghorn pullets, Jit to mate with his extra-fine cock, "Philadel- phia 1st," in exchange for Fancy Pigeons or eggs for hatching. What offers ? B. A. WHITWET, Meadville, Pa., has left one complete set Har- pers' Magaziue, from 1866 to date; same of Atlantic Monthly, Godey's Magazine, Peterson's and Scribner's Magazines, that he will exchange, any or all, for Fancy Pigeons of any kind; Owls, Turbits, and Colored Fans preferred. TBOMAS R. NEILSON, 215 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, wants to exchange Dark Brahma cockerels, Spanish hens. Dark Brahma, Houdan or White Leghorn eggs (all fine stock) — for eggs of Dark and Light Brahmas, Brown Leghorns, Dorkings, Games, or Game Bantams. CHAS. H, SEATER, Hubbardston, Mich., wants Letter-copying Press in excliange for eggs or fowls of Light or Dark Brahmas, Buff Co- chins, White or Brown Leghorns; Pekin, Rouen, Cayuga, or Plata Ducks; Embden or Toulouse Geese. Give size, make, condition, and price of press. Also, Job Printing Press and Type, in exchange for above. Give make, contaition, size of form and price; and send proof of type and specimens of press-work. All must be in good working order. E- C, BEBKIHETER, Kutztown, Pa., will exchange Brown Leghorn eggs, choice stock, the same asked in return— for W. C. White Poland or Black Spanish eggs (the former preferred. Will also exchange one Browa Leghorn cockerel for one pair Black Spanish, and pay the balance. A. T. ». JOHNSON', Boyertown, Berks County, Pa., will ex- change one trio Buff Cochins for one trio Dark Brahmas (the hens are layinfjl; Light Brahma and Buff Cochin eggs for Dark Brahma or Gray Dorking eggs. Light Brahmas are E. Carpenter's stock. J. H. 9IORRISON, Marlow, N. H., wants to exchange a few sit- tings of eggs from White Leghorns and Plymouth Rocks for either kind of Hamburgs. Good stock wanted, as mine are. G. A. CPNNIXGHAM, Neenah, Wis., wants a copy of Wright's New Illustrated Poultry-Book in exchange for eggs for hatching from his choice fowls. Also, wants a male Mocking Bird, and good Belgian singer. P- O. BOX 43, Mahanoy City, Pa., wants Fancy Pigeons in ex change for a Violin valued at $10. Also, a revolver valued at 312. J, H. AIORRISON, Marlow, N. H., will exchange 13 Plymouth Rock eggs for 13 Dark Brahma eggs; good stock wanted, as mine are. Or, I will exchange White Leghorn and Plymouth Rock eggs for offers. A. E. BANKS, Box 89, Mt. Kisco, Westchester Co., New York, will exchange eggs for hatching from choice Brown Leghorn for Dominique or Black Leghorn eggs. GEO. CUTTER, West Somerville, Mass., will give in exchange one pair of Red Pouters, one pair of White Fans, and one pair of Black Tum- blers, for a trio of first-class Duckwing Game fowls. G. A. CUNNINGHAM, Neenah, Wis., will exchange two splen- did White Leghorn pullets, one B. B. Game Bantam cock, Ruft" Cochin cockerel, or eggs for hatching, from my choice stock— for one tip-top Brown Leghorn cockerel, pullets of the same variety, or Silver Duck- wing Game Bantam pullets. B. F. GORHAM, Mt. Kisco, N.Y., will exchange one trio of Black Red Game baotams for one pair of good Pouter, Tumbler, or Carrier Pi- geons. Must be good birda. W. H. CUNNINGHAU, Chenango Bridge, Broom Co., N.Y., will exchange Brown Leghorn eggs for Houdan eggs, from good stock only. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTBY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, APKIL 29, 1875. No. 17. PodLjF^Y DEf/VF^TI^ENT- (For Fanciers' Journal.) CHICKEN COOPS. Editor Fanciers' Jouunal : It occurred to me that a few words in regard to coops for cliickons would not bo amiss, and possibly quite acceptable to somo of your many readers. This being the season for young broods, our remarks cannot be said to be unsea- sonable. Fig. 1 shows a coop which is generally used by farmers, and cannot bo called a fancier's coop. It is usually made about thirty inches wide by twonty-four deep, with closed back and ends, and partly over the front, which gives some shelter ; but one serious objection to the way in which this coop is made is the manner of nailing on the slats, which are placed horizontally, making it very ditlicult for the chicks to pass in and out after tlioy have attained any size. Especially is this the case with Asiatics. If the slats arc nailed on vertically, it will be noticed that the chicks can pass through a much narrower space. Fig. 2 represents the tent-coop, which, I believe, was first introduced to the public by the lato H. H. G. Sharpless, of Shoemakertown, Pa., and is one of the best practical coops I have over seen. As shown in the cut, it is somewhat modified from Mr. S.'s plan, but scarcely improved. It ia represented as having a floor, which I consider a nuisance in any coop to bo used in this climate ; and if the coop be set upon a dry knoll or slight elevation, where the hen can have access to the earth, both she and her brood will thrive much better. If a coop has a floor, it is absolutely necessary that it be cleaned daily, as it soon gets foul ; but if it bo placed on the bare earth, the hen scratches up the loose soil and thus deodorizes all the filth, and all that will be needful is to slide the coop a few feet whenever there are any indica- tions of the ground beneath it getting foul. Fig. 3 shows a coop which is described by the editor of the Fanciers' Gazette as follows: "It can be made by any man at all accustomed to tools ; and wc may state that last year, on a sudden emergency, with the materials at hand, we made three, unassisted, in an afternoon. These materi- als are, half-inch boards, nine inches wide, for the coopj inch-square pieces for the framing ; and either lath or quarter-inch wire for the front If wire is usod (and it looks best), a quarter-inch clean-cutting bit, to cut holes for it, will be needed. The size we prefer is two feet square. Each side is composed of two boards, and half a board, sawn 262 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. exactly from corner to corner, whicli avoids waste ; the back of two boards ; the top of three, with narrow slats nailed over the joints. The roof projects an inch and a half clear all around, which throws the rain otf beautifully. In front it projects about three inches. A roof thus projecting will need boards two feet five inches long, and thus a twelve- foot plank (board) will cut all the lengths, without any waste whatever. " The putting together needs no explanation, beyond saying that there is an inch-square corner piece in each corner, to which the boards are nailed; and another inch- square piece along top and bottom of the front, to which the slats are nailed, or in which the wires are inserted, if wires are used. " The door is made by a sliding slat, or two sliding wires, made in one piece (as in the figure), so that the bend forms a handle. " But the best feature of this coop is the shelter-board in front, which is hinged to the under side of the front of the roof, in the simplest manner, by driving two galvanized staples into the underside of the roof; into which lock hooks driven in the edges of the board. These hooks are easily formed by driving staples firmly into the edges of the board, and then cutting out a piece of the staple, on one side, with a pair of wire-nippers. Hinged in this way, the board is easily removed in fine weather to allow full plaj- for the sun ; while in bad weather it is put on the coop in a moment, and kept extended by a swing arm of wire. Both coop and shelter-board should be well tarred. " It is in the shelter-board the excellence of this arrange- ment consists, the coop itself is a construction well known ; but we were led to contrive the movable board by a long continuance of settled -wet weather, which at one time nearly drove us to despair. At last we hit upon this con- trivance, and its success was instant and perfect ; our chick- ens being left out in these coops both day and night, without any other shelter, and thriving well. "When deserted by the mother the broods may still be left out in these coops, unless hatched very early, and will remain attached to their homes, and breathing the pure open air, until their increas- ing size and growing plumage make larger sleeping places necessary. " The shelter-board should be wider than the coops, so as to keep off both a front and a slanting rain ; for our two-feet coops we made the boards three feet long. " Such a coop is the best we have ever yet met with, and makes the possessor almost independent of any chicken- house at all. We can speak most confidently of its merits, and never intend to be without it, though this season we are not using coops at all, but bringing up our chickens under one of Mrs. Cheshir's "artificial mothers," with which, we are happy to say, they are thriving well." I have omitted Mr. Wright's description of the floor in the above coop, as we are rarely, if ever, visited with such long rainy periods in this country as are common in Eng- land. I have never found a floor necessary in my coops for broods hatched after April first. If care be taken to have the coop properly placed, little or no difficulty will be ex- perienced from rain. W. E. Flower. Shoemakertown, Pa. Subscribe for the Fanciers' Journal, which is now the only weekly paper published, devoted entirely to the interest of fanciers, either in this country or England. (For Fanciers' Journal.) CEOTCHETS OF THE POULTEY FANCY. BY PETER SIMPLE. No. 8. "I have so great a contempt and detestation for meanness, that I could sooner make a friend of one who had committed murder, than of a man who could be capable, in any instance, of the former vice. Under mean- ness, I comprehend dishonesty; under dishonesty, ingratitude; under ingratitude, irreligion ; and under this latter, every species of vice and immorality in human nature." — Laurence Sterne. I HAVE portrayed in this series of papers sundry " crotch- ets," that one or another breeder, writer, or editor has rec- ognized, evidently — for I have observed from time to time that several parties have publicly alluded to those brief sketches — some in complimentary terms, others in a more captious spirit. Now this latter demonstration serves to show that there is both truth and applicability in "Peter Simple's " stric- tures ; and, though no personal criticisms have ever been intended, it seems the " coat has fitted " more than one of those who read the correspondents' contributions to the Fanciers' Journal. I set down this exposition of touchiness as one of the de- cided crotchets of the poultry fancy ; but it is a weakness that is unavoidable with certain individuals, who indulge hobbies and who ride them to death, first or last, unwittingly. My attention has recently been called by a friend, who reads a New England monthly more carefully than I have the leisure to do, to several sharp flings (editorially or through its contributors) at the writer of this series of papers. There cannot be the slightest objection offered to any of these rejoinders, that I can conceive of. Every man has a right to his own opinion, in this free country, I take it. And if all our writers agreed upon the manifold topics of interest to the poultry fancy, where would there be any field for discussion or criticism? But do you or I impose upon any one a wrong, or an injury, Mr. Editor, by the expression of our opinion or belief, fairly (giving our conceived good reasons for so doing), upon any subject that seems to our view to affect a portion or a majority of the poultry frater- nity ? If you or I think it just to criticize — the standard, for in- stance, and offer what we deem improvements in it — do we really become only "croakers," or "frauds," or "interlo- pers," or "dealers in Billingsgate," thereby? If any of us publicly state that the plan of "pedigreeing poultry" is open to objections, of a serious character, or, on the other hand, that this is a proper thing to do, in " this age of pro- gression," do we show ourselves " fault-finding," " unscru- pulous," or " ignorant " men, only, through such means? For myself, I fail to so construe such an expression of ideas. If I believe that Wright's theory about the origin of the Brahma fowls is true — if I think Mr. Cornish did " import the first of these birds into America from India " — if I am convinced that Mr. Burnham originated this fine variety — if I accept the latest story as given by Mr. Plaisted, that a Mr. Knox first brought them into Connecticut from New York — or, if I disbelieve all three of these mixed-up ac- counts, and am of the opinion that this breed clearly comes from the State of Pennsylvania in the outset, wherein am I "a liar," " a fool," "a dupe," or "a victim of error? " If one anonymous writer says he does. not favor " pedi- greeing chickens," because it is "opening the way for the steepest kind of fraud that has ever been concocted in the poultry trade" (as he thinks), and if other writers, like FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 263 I. K. Folch or G. P. Burnlmm, over thoir own names do- claro this scherno to bo n iisorul nnd comnicnilublo ono, whcroby tlio lionest brooder may tlio moro readily und satis- factorily disjioso of his slock to good advantage — aro cither of these parties (thus diaim^trically opposed to each othor in their views) open to the accusation that one " lacks com- mon intelligonce," or that the othor is " a huckstor," or" an impostor," evidently? If so, /cannot see it. This is a world of change. Mutability is tho common lot of humanity ; and among the chicken fanciers of the ])rescnt time it would be strange indeed if we did not meet with thoso whose opinions on many of tho subjects now alluded to did not vary. But I am charitably enough dispo.sed to admit that there are others besides myself who hold dissim- ilar views which they have tho right to entertain and ex- press, or to change at will for cause. It has been aptly said that, " in degree as wo overrate our own opinions, wo aro prone to underrate those of others — for injustice Indulged in at homo is not likely to bo cor- rected abroad." And how ready are most of us to ivish that which wo believe f How many men possess that sort of kaleidoscope in which the bits of broken glass typify their own merits, foibles, or fortunes, which tumble into appar- ently harmonious arrangements before their eyes, for tho time being, and delight them, though often most mischiev- ously, in tho end? Of a truth, "there are persons who re- gard their friends, even, simply as victims devoted to thoir own reputation." Few of us are without selfishness, I know, yet this is a most execrable vice, nevertheless; and, while he who is corrupt is naturally suspicious, so ho who becomes suspicions (if he bo not heedful), will very shortly become corrupt. It is an easy thing for anj' of us to point the finger at the faults of others, and to suspect or believe that this or that man is a foe to us, if he assails our hobbies. But, " Peter Simple" suggests to those who find fault with his homely sayings in these columns, the following brief maxim from quaint, wise Cumberland: "It is an old saying that charity begins at home ; yet ibis is no rea- son it should not go abroad. Every man should live with the world as a citizen of the world. Ho may have a prefer- ence for the village, or tho alloy in which he lives ; ho m.iy adhere to the hobby ho favors; he may maintain his own good opinion of himself; but he should at the same time be charitable towards others, and have a generous feeling for tho welfare of tho whole." And here endolh this chapter, which is respectfully and with tho most friendly good feeling commended to tho at- tention of thoso " whom it may concern." New York, February, 1S75. (For F;iiiciois' Journal.) SOME NOTES ON BUYING EGGS. Friend Wadk: Thinking for some time that I would send you a few notes for your valuable JoKnial, 1 now take the liberty to ask a small corner. I am a young fancier, but have tried to bo instructed by others older in the business, through tho Fanciers' Journal and othor poultry papers of the coun- try. I started with only one kind of fowl, tho Brown Log- horns, which I think cannot be boat for eggsj but, feeling a want of a good largo fowl, I decided to raise some Dark Brahmas, and went in for buying eggs, and had them shipped from all parts; some of the eggs coming ovor 000 miles, and some not more than 30 miles, and I must say I have felt at timers as though I wished all the fowls and eggs back to the parties who sent them, for out of 100 eggs I re- ceived last April and May, 1 did not get but seven puUet.s and seven cockerels, but to day I am well satisfied with my little experience. I do not propose to keep more than two kinds. I believe it to be a mistake for any fancier to keep more, unless he has a wide range for them, and can keep them well separated. I know of fanciers who have got many varieties, and tho poor fowls are penned up on about a half acre of land, in small coops, and I believe it is a mat- tor of impossibility, whore there is such a large variety in so small a place, to bo kept pure and in good health. Last fall I built a hen-house ; and, by the way, if this should bo noticed by the man who gave tho plan in the Poultry World, I hope ho will accept my thanks. The house is It) X 20 feet on the ground, and ten feet to peak of roof. Tho roof comes down to the sills, which rest on posts put in the ground below frost mark, and stand out about one foot. There is no underpinning. It is boarded inside in winter, and filled up with good sand to top of sill, with three com- mon windows in south side of roof, and a door in each end, and a partition in the middle, if you wish, which will make a cheap and a warm house, and one which will accommodate fifty fowls. But, Mr. Wade, I find it is not all play to try to breed good fowls, for it takes hard work and constant care, and a good deal more of it than I anticipated when I first commenced ; but I have had some good luck and some bad, yet I do not feel as some of my brother fanciers do — that it is a failure, and wish to give it up, but I do feel to- day more interest in the business than ever I did. I have given you no advertisements for the Journal yet, but hope some day to be able to compete with any of my brothers. I wish to say here that my mind is fixed on only two kinds of fowls, and I do not think I should change them if I had a largo farm. If some one would tell me, through your Journal, the cause of fowls pulling feathers and eating them, I would be glad. I have not been able as yet to see anything in print on the subject. Last week was my first experience in having to open a hen's crop. It was a valuable one, and I did not want to loose her. She had got to some old bog hay, which had been laying under the snow, and some of it was very long. It was rolled in a solid mass, and so hard that you could not dent the crop. In this condition she probably would not have lived twenty-four hours, but it is now ten days since, and she is doing well. W. S. Holland. Peaoedale, R. I. April 5, 1875. JOi (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE GALLINOCITLTURAL PROFESSOR. M. Wadk, Esq.: The " gallinocultural Professor '' deserves a severer criti- cism than was given him by your anonymous correspondent, who certainly did not look very closely into his book, as I have done, much to ray regret, whilst bewailing my de- parted fifty cents, or he would have been exposed before now. Certainly, if the apparatus is not a humbug, tho Professor is; to judge from his advertisements and his book, and long before he had ever been accused of being such, he was pub- 264 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. lishing himself a "no humbug," and there is a veritable French proverb that says, " Qui s'excuse s'accuse." I have nothing to say about the wonderful apparatus, which the Professor says, " is the one of all the systems which has proved the greatest success and renders the greatest ser- vice," for he denies an engraving or description of it, unless you buy one. But, pray, Mr. Editor, where is that success, and where that service that I have not heard of it or seen it in any of the poultry publications, except when emanating from his pen? It is true the Poultry World, of June, 1874, published an engraving of Mr. Corbett's poultry and pigeon house, but there is not one word or comment about the new incubator, " the great discovery of the age." His circular does contain " extracts from a thousand articles," reduced to half a dozen from Long Island papers. Is the success confined to that sandy slip of land ? Now, I have no desire or intention to hurt or prejudice the invention and interests of the Professor, but, on the contrary, am sadly in want of, and would gladly welcome, a good and cheap incubator; nor am I acquainted with any inventor or interested in one, but even at the risk of having my intelligence doubted by the gallinaceous Professor, wish to expose the humbug of his book and his advertisements. When a Yankee humbugs, there is some skill and wit in it that consoles the victim, but in this case it is a disgusting attempt at the sensational advertisement dodge. The book offered is not a book, but a miserably written and trashy pamphlet of twenty-four pages, which does not tell you " how to hatch and raise every kind of poultry with the aid of manure;" nor does it tell you "how to make $500 a year with twelve hens;" neither, as promised, does it give " very minute particulars and the practical manner in which horse manure can be used, and of the enormous profits which can be realized by the method." The first problem is solved in sixteen lines of page 20, by telling you to put your eggs into an apparatus or cask, keep them at a temperature of 104° in a heap of manure, and at the end of twenty-one days count your chickens ! Is not this simple, easy and beautiful, and sufficient to induce you to spend $20 in a Corbett incubator. Then comes the $500 problem, which is still more easily disposed of yet, without bothering your brains with any cal- culation, financial or mathematical. Make your twelve two-year-old hens lay twelve hundred eggs in a year ; make your manure heap hatch from them six hundred spring chickens during the year ; sell them direct to the consumer ; deduct your expenses, and, presto ! you pocket $500 ! This is simply sublime, and the magnanimity which in- duced the Professor to give to the world the secret of that fortune he is going to make is worthy of the highest enco- mium ; and this after proving by statistics " that there is no danger of overstocking the market with eggs and poultry," and refusing to sell his patent to a company, " fearing that now the apparatus is spread over the country, our poultrv and eggs would decrease in value in consequence of their being too large a quantity thrown upon the market." In page 22 he becomes the benefactor of the unprotected widows and fatherless children of the unscrupulous specu- lator. " Engage in the poultry business " with my appa- ratus and you shall never know want! Page 23 contains a refreshing little bit of the history of England and will enhance the already exalted idea that Americans have of Queen Victoria. This lady " has a splendid poultry-house and spends numerous days in study- ing how to ameliorate the condition of poultry, and avoid- ing the mortality of young turkeys when they get the red." Any Englishman wanting to know how his beloved Queen "manages to avoid death by the red," can be satisfied by remitting $1.25 to the manager of the Gallinocultural In- stitute, L. I. Lastly, not leastly, his advice to capitalists is beyond measure disinterested ; and how sincerely grateful ought Astor, Belmont, Brown Brothers, Duncan Sherman, etc., to be for the advice gratuitously proflered them, as to how to " embark their funds," what " companies to institute," and " how to hatch one thousand chickens and more every day." Think of that talented man of celebrity who instead of making $500 a year out of the apparatus given him, keeps it in his office in Wall Street merely to show to his friends ! Surely the man who intends to invest $4000 in hatching chickens with manure can afford to be generous ! Oh, that I had that one thousand egg apparatus and I should be happy for life ! It certainly is a most remarkable book, " the only one of its kind which has ever been published," or that ever will be, and I would advise all your readers gallinocuUurally in- clined, to save their money for the Fanciers^ Journal, where they will find common sense without " puff or brag." Yours respectfully, KekSICO, IStll April, 1875. EDWARD PeSSER. (For Fanciers Journal.) SUNDAY IN THE BACKYARD. It is Easter — a day not observed in any extraordinary way by our Puritanic ancestors ; but, as eggs seem to be one of the luxuries of the day to a multitude, our thoughts also revert to that subject. We should know just where to find a fancier on such a Sunday morning. At all events this is our day at home, and we are going to enjoy it with our hens, cigars, and old clothes. So accompanied by the old dog we look up our pots and keep very quiet until Madame is well on her way to church, then we start for the hammer, nails, and saw, and make things jingle for awhile, new boxes, slats repaired, a nail here, a button there, and our next neighbor (with a hoe in his hand), looks over the fence and inquires if we are not making considerable noise for the day. We soon get tired, put away the hammer and saw with a smile because we have disturbed no one to-day, light another cigar, find the sunniest spot in the yard, sit down on a box, lean against the fence, and muse ; keeping the biggest cock near by throwing him a kernel of corn at a time, admire him, and promise him a trip to the next show sure. What a lot of humbugs there is getting to be in this poultry business ; verily, some of the wooden nutmeg- gers will soon have material enough for a second volume of " Hen Fever," and Burnham will not have to acknowledge the corn this time either. There is the " two shilling pedi- gree " of no value except to the owner and the man who rakes in the money. This twaddle about Williams, Comey, Buzzell, and others, selling "pedigree" birds is all nonsense; they give pedigree in some instances but do not attempt it at wholesale, because, we assert that no breeder can keep such a record as some pretend to have. When we are ne- gotiating with Williams for his birds, if we are expecting to pay for his best, we ask for his best, without caring whether they are by Tom, Dick, or Harry — out of Susan, Sarah, or Jane. Best, that is the word and their markings, FANClBltS* JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. 265 etc., to suit tho birds with which we wish to mate. If ped- igree is of no value at this time, when was it or when will it be valuable? When tho birds are on tho way to us he may give us the sire or darn, perhaps both, if he happens to know, and cither are diHtinj^uLshed as prize birds of heavy weight or some other excellence. As to tho Williams, Felch, and some other strains, one can distinguish them at sight in most cases. By-the-way, has it occurred to anyone, except the writer, that these breeders have spent so much time and thought in breeding, that in some respects these birds are part and parcel of tho originator? Look at that Williams' bird at our show ; he is on hand and takes it coolly, as docs his mas- tor. Train was on time and both came to the show, simply because they wanted to. Thoy liad an understanding about the matter last summer. Folch and his bird were there too, both a little nervous, but take in the whole situation at a glance ; both are ready and good at an argument, good crowers, and good company. Wliere is Ongley ? Look at the Sebrights first then you can pick out Ongley at once ; if not the originator, he is just the man who would take these little wonders as his pets. These men all keep a record of their birds for their guidance in breeding; but, when the birds depart ten, one hundred, perhaps a thousand miles away, it ceases to be of value ex- cept to tho maker. Of course it could be made useful could the now owner sec and study the sire and dam for himself, and compare notes with the former owner; but some chaps are in for a fortune, so the " pedigree dodge " must have its day ; we predict that it will be a short one. Then there is " nicknacks " and "gimcracks," also of no value except to the maker and vender, with which we, the young breeders must be swindled fifty and seventy-five cents at a time until we got our eye-teeth cut in the matter. Wo thought this poultry business was a sort of freemasonry (it is in many cases, but not always) ; but, if wo can find out " whose who " for fifty cents it often pays to do it; so some men can 'flatter themselves that they are selling themselves (if not cheap), at a very low price. Then there is Plaisted, an honest man we presume; but where is your strain? Do you "strike your gait" in tho yards of Emory Carpen- ter ; or, do you content yourself, like us young breeders, with a little of this strain and a little of that, a sort of Light Brahma hash as it were ? After more than twenty years' experience you .should give us something. I'lease do not spend too much time grinding that little axe, or blowing through the small bel- lows— the one thing needful (another axe someiolierc) — be- cause we are waiting for you. For tho present hen fever, wo would prefer Light Brahnias, with good leg feathering; and, as we very much admire the black tails and wings, and black stripe on hackle, we must have the bluish-slate under- feathering. We can get Buft" Cochins direct from our pens, and do not care to breed them with our Light Brahmas. And, my dear sir, when you write for our benefit (and your own), please do confine yourself to subjects you are well posted on — for instance, Burnham, the management of sit- ting hens, and the destruction of the lice theroof. Do not get into deep water, because you do not swim worth a cent, and we boys must laugh at you. When j'ou were licking poor little Burnham, we thought you wore about the best man " on tho patch," but you could not let well enough alone. And, my dear fellow, do not stand there and crow on your own dunghill as if there were no new worlds to conquer. Come over into our backyard, or visit some flrst-class showa away from homo. If you do not take prizes, you may at lea«t learn something, which is what we go for. Wo do not find at these shows the originals of the pictures purporting to bo drawn from birds, the property of Mr. So-and-So. We recently, at a show, asked one of those breeders why he did not bring his birds. He replied, with a sigh, " They are dead." But within a few weeks they have reappeared in one of our magazines, like Jack in tho box — "here we are again." But, the people are coming from church, and it is time to dress for dinner. " Cut, cut, cut, cut-ah " — that is our hen who won us first prize. Wo must save her eggs. We put that egg away, making eleven of hers in all on hand. Sho weighs twelve pounds — one pound more than any of her six sisters. As wo turn, we pass a magnificent cock, and connot help stopping to look at him. He is from a good strain, is pedigreed (25 cents, and all), and has won a prize. We know of a full brother of his, which would be dear at twenty-five cents, but we might buy him, put him in the Pedigree Book, and sell him to some greenhorn. If we did not happen to know the dam, it is easy enough fixed. Who could doubt our word? One way I hear of their do- ing is, they take a pen of sisters, name them all one name (patent applied for) ; then it is the easiest thing in the world to fix up tho pedigree. Should they bo short of hens, they would not take a good hen half sister to the rest. Oh, no I that would not do at all, so they alwaj'S kill that hen, because the Pedigree Book, like figures, never lies, and must and will be kept exactly correct. YouNO Breeder. ^ -• PlQEOfJ DE[=y>^F^jr-1EfJj. (For Fanciers' ,Ti.urii,il.) OUR SECOND PIGEON TRIP. On our second " round," the first place we visited was the extensive lofts of Air. Chas. D. Parker, of Arlington, Md., a short drive from the city. Mr. Parker is not only a fan- cier but a dealer also, and judging from tho number of or- ders he was filling has numerous customers. He certainly has a great many birds. He had his lofts recently con- structed. There are sixteen lofts in one continuous build- ing, eacli one being lOi x 6 feet, partitions made movable, so when occasion requires the lofts can be made smaller or larger. Sliding wire door to enter each, over which, in cold or inclement weather, a glazed sash door is slid, and a large skylight sash is in each loft. With these accommodations the birds may enjoy sunshine and light, two health-promoting essentials. He has separated " lofts '" devoted to each of the following varieties: 1, Pouters; 2, Barbs ; 3, Turbits; 4, Fans ; 5, Trumpeters : 6, Carriers : 7, Owls ; 8, Quakers ; 9, JIagpies; 10, Nuns; 11, Helmets; 12, Archangels ; IS. Jacobins; 14, Swallows; 15, bens; IG, cock birds before mating. In some of these we saw as many as seventeen sitting on eggs at once. Across tho yard is a small build- ding, with cages for mating about twenty pairs at once, and PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POTJLTEY EXCHANGE. same room is also for a hospital. "When he feeds Nos. 15 and 16, the hovering of the miscellaneous plumaged birds is not unlike a large variegated flower bed, swayed to and fro in the wind, at least so the comparison came in our mind. "We saw among his choice birds a "White Barb cock, with a grand head, and which had changed hands once at one hun- dred dollars. We saw too many to ask space to particular- ize. Mr. Parker keeps a record of the number of pigeons' eggs laid, and how many is raised from the same, which he remarks, shows just how much one can count on pigeons before they are hatched, and which may also bring out state- ments giving others experience in this direction. Prom a strict account of 3420 eggs laid, 2335 were sat upon for the full time, from which were hatched 1340 young, upwards of a thousand having met with the numerous in- cidental casualties which all breeders have to contend with. From this average it requires about five eggs to raise a bird. Mr. Parker says many breeders will think their aver- age more favorable than this. He did also, until he kept a record. Of course, he refers to the entire breeding season, and admits that to take the best portion of the season there would be a more favorable degree of success. "We saw some fine Black Hamburgs, and a trio of Game Bantams, that he had recently received, which were only on the road four- teen days, coming from Massachusetts. "When they did arrive they were a little light (" too thin ") for even a show pen. We also saw some choice pure-bred Alderney cattle which give good rich milk, for we had " Inside Tumblers " (several of 'em) ; proof of it. "We passed the entire day among his pets, and wound up the trip by accompanying Mr. Parker and his amiable better half to a " Martha "Washington Tea Party," which we also enjoyed. The next morning we were fortunate enough to meet Mr. Slifer, who again "took us in" (his carriage, I mean), and we went "that Broadway down," and called on Mr. P. A. Eommel, who has a good idea about keeping his pigeons in good quarters. His entire yard, in the rear of his establishment, has been, by boarding up the sides and ends, and open-slat- ting the top, converted into a spacious, well-lighted loft, and room suflScient for good exercise. His birds were nice, among which were Swallows, Nuns, Pouters, Carriers, etc. His yard being at his place of business enables him to enter- tain visiting friends — which he does with pleasure. Mr. Mueller, also on Broadway, being away from home, Mr. Rommel kindly showed us through his (Mr. Mueller's) loft, where we saw Swallows, Tumblers, Horsemen, etc. His loft was convenient, facing the afternoon sun, with a wire partition outside. Nearly directly across the street we visited the loft of Mr. Loebicke, a tailor, who also has some good birds. Our next halt was at the business place of Mr. "W. B. Cochran, wliere we saw quite a large display of pigeons and many varieties ; saw some very choice Almond, Splashed, Dun, and Bed Short-faced Tumblers, Pantails (one of which alighted on my hand and fearlessly ate grain therefrom). Carriers, Swal- lows, etc. Mr. Cochran does also considerable in fancy chickens, rabbits, etc., his display at the door always at- tracting large crowds. After enjoying an inspection of these birds we drove to Mr. David Mordecai's, where we found fine birds enjoying fine accommodations. Had we not known what an enthu- siastic, and what an ardent admirer of rare, choice birds Mr. Mordecai is, doubtless we would have been more aston- ished at the excellent loft he has had constructed expressly for his pets ; but, as is the case of Mr. Gaddes, we knew the enthusiasm of these gentlemen was so unbounded, that we had naturally anticipated much we were to see and enjoy. Mr. Mordecai's loft is nearly the same as that of Mr. Gad- des, described in my first article, excepting he has no stove or heating arrangements, and his second and third stories are each rooms without partitions. Fountains are playing in both stories. The nests (120) were ornamented with fancy wood work. On the first floor we noticed a machine for cracking corn, straw or hay-cntter, some willow wicker bas- kets or hampers, containing many partitions, which he had imported birds in. Everything was as clean as a new pin. Mr. Mordecai has Barbs, Owls, Turbits, Short-faced Tum- blers, Antwerps, Trumpeters, and Pantails. The Antwerps first attract attention as we enter. "We saw a Mottled Trumpeter that we can only describe as perfect perfection. The collection of Owls was wonderful, and their plumage in coloring exquisite. The Pantails strutted as airy as a Broadway swell. The outside of the loft is fancy wire screen. "When the birds come out to sun, Mr. M. can sit in his drawing-room and admire them. There is no city in the Union that can boast of as many choice, high-class pigeons as the Monumental City, and certainly no other city can claim so many devoted fanciers. The display of pigeons at the last Baltimore show — although generally acknowledged to exceed any exhibition ji^et held in this country, both as regards quality and quantity — is but a " drop in the bucket " in comparison with what " My Mary- land " will accomplish at the next show. G. 0. B. Bkooklandville, Md., April 22, 187-1. In looking over the Journal of April 15, the Pairmount Pigeon Plying Society are trying to claim that which does not belong to them by trying to represent that they organized on March 1, 1872. The only proof which they claim for this is, that they have got it dated in a book from that date ; if this was true, they would have published it like all other societies do. The honor they claim belongs to the Phila-' delphia. No. 1, Homing Pigeon Society, organized May 6, 1872, in which we published in the Philadelphia Ledger and the New York Poultry Bulletin. We will leave the fanciers to judge which is first. Thomas Grist, President of the Pliiladelpliia, No. 1, Homiug Pigeon Society. Philadelphia, April 24, 1875. SfOF^jsivi/vtJ's DE[=>\t^TI^'^NT- (For Fanciers' Journal.) DOG-BREAKING. BY B. F. WHITE. In these articles on dog-breaking the writer does not pre- tend to be an authority, but having had good success in FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE, 267 training bird dogs for his own use, it is hoped that the di- rnctions given will bo of somn help to young sportsmen. I do not aim to bo original, nor to give much that is new, but shall nialco such qiiotatii)ns, from well-known authori- ties on thu subject, as will bo of most use. It does not re- quire any great experience to train dogs successfully; any person wlio has a moderate dogreo of patience and persever- ance can do it ; but anyone who is easily excited and cannot kocp their temper, had better not undertake it. They will surlily spoil the pup. " Patience and lirmnoss you must have." Do not expect your puppy to learn everything in one day. Give him time to learn one lesson before com- mencing another, and see that he knows each thoroughly. Never give an order without enforcing it; for a dog will learn to disobey your commands much sooner than to obey them. Dogs are like some men, they always want their own and will insist upon having it if they find that they can. Before going farther it will bo well to say a few word.'! in regard to choosing a ])up. Be sure of the blood ; for there is no satisfaction in training a mongrel. If you cannot breed them yourself got your dogs of some sportsman of your acquaintance, who you know has good ones. Do not purchase a pup of a dog dealer, for nine times out of ten you will -get cheated. If you are obliged to get one of a dealer, choose one not loss than six months old, as puppies under that age are not developed enough to show their points. The following description of a Pointer taken from " Dinks on Dogs " will enable you to make a good selection : "The cbaracloristies of a well-bred Pointer may bo summed up as follows, and any great deviation from them makes, at once, an ill bred, or, at all events, a deformed dog : To com- monoo then at the bead. The head should be broad at the top, long and tapering, the poll rising to a point; his nose open and largo ; his ears tolerable long, slightly erect and falling between the neck and jaw bone, slightly pointed at the tip ; eyes clear and bright ; neck and head set on straight ; his chest should be broad and deep, the contrary clearly shows want of speed and stamina ; logs and arms strong, muscu- lar and straight ; elbows well in ; feet small and hard ; body not over long and well ribbed up, if not, he will be weak and incapable of doing a day's work ; loins broad at the top but thin downwards ; hind-quarters broad ; hind-legs strong and largo; tail long, fine, and tapering; hair short, sleek, and close." In general uiake-up tlie Setter resembles the Pointer, though he is generally broader and deeper in the body. The head, like the Pointer, should be broad and full between the eyes, but it is longer, and the muzzle is more tapering and not so thick. The ears are long, thin, and slightly rounded at the tips; eyes full, bright, and rather dark in color; no.so soft and moist. The legs are long to the knee but short below ; feet small but rather long and foxlikc, thickly clothed between the toes with tufts of hair ; tail small and tapering, thickly feathered with long, fine hair ; stern and legs also well feathered with long, soft hair. The body should bo covered with long, silky, hair, wavy, but not curled — a curly coat indicates a cross of Spaniel blood. As to what color is best, I am not prepared to say. You must suit your own fancy in choosing, as there are good dogs of all colors. Having selected your pup, the first to be done is to teach him his name and to come at the sound of a whistle. Tou will now begin by teaching each lesson sepa- rately and t/ioroiighly, for much of the future usefulness of the dog depends on his understanding and obeying ordem promptly and unhesitatingly. The first lesson will bo to make him stand. Taki; a piece of meat, or some other food he is very fimd of, let him smell it, he will attempt to get it, check hirn by giving a slap on the nose, at the same time saying " toho." After ho gives up trying to get the meat from your hand, toss it on the floor in front of him, but do not let him eat it until you give the command " on." This order ho will learn so quick that it will surprise you. Prac- tice him on the word " toho " until he understands it per- fectly. The next lesson will be to teach him the meaning of the word " steady " or " careful," I use the word careful, for the reason that it may be spoken in a lower tone, and still be distinct. Place a piece of moat before him, make him " toho," then allow him to approach the plate slowly, at the same time saying "careful," " careful." Never allow him to take the meat until you give the command "on," he will soon learn to go slowly on hearing the word "careful." We now come to the "down charge," the most difficult to teach of all the initiatory lessons. The instinct of the well-bred dog- prompts him to stand when near his game, and the command " toho " encourages him in it, consequent- ly he has no inclination to disobey; the drop is against na- ture, and the dog, in his own mind, can see no reason for it, so he will always break and chase the birds if allowed to do so. To teach the drop, place ono hand on his hips, and the other over the back of the head and neck ; push him down quickly by pressing backward and downward, and hold him there, saying, "charge," "charge." After he has learned to lay quietly with his head close to the ground, you may tie a strong cord to his collar; then give the command "charge," pushing him down suddenly, at the same time jerk the cord, then raise your hand to keep him down. He will soon drop on your jerking the cord and raising your hand. It is necessary that the dog should obey your voice, as well as the signal, for it often happens that in thick cover your dog will be out of sight ; but you should always give the signal when he can be seen. The report of your gun fright- ens the birds quite enough, and to bawl out " charge," at the top of your voice does not tend to quiet them. Give all your orders in a low voice, and use no more words than are abso- lutely necessary. After your pup obeys the signal, and drops promptly, take him to some field where there is no game, let him run, but have a long check cord tied to his collar ; speak to him or catch his eye, and then give the sig- nal to drop ; if he refuses, jerk the check cord, if he still re- fuses and tries to run in to heel, take a strip of board, about a foot long and a couple of inches wide, sharpen ono end and bore a hole in the other, just large enough for the cord to slip through easily ; drive it firmly into the ground, tie a knot in the cord ten or fifteen feet from the end, pass it through the hole in the peg and tie it to the dog's collar. Take him close to the peg and make him charge; coil the cord in I your hand so it will pay out easily, now move away from I him quickly ; he will get up and run after you but will be brought up suddenly by the knot ; " snake "' him back to the 1 peg in a hurry, by pulling on the cord, and make him charge. Keep him at this until he will lay quiet without moving, no matter what you may do to excite him. When the dog has learned the preceding lessons thorough- ly, he is ready for the field ; taking it, of course, that you have accustomed him to the use o^the gun. 268 FANOIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. i ANOIERS' IIOUENALAND ^OITLm(^: XCHANSB, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pkof. a. N. Raub, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Uortli Ifrnth Street, PhiladelpMa. SUBSCRIPTION PRIGE-POSTAOE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " TJ. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add Iwo cents per copy Jor postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. ABOUT GRASS. To KNOW liow to prepare grass runs for poultry, is a mat- ter of more importance than most of us generally concede. It is not only important to have the grass, but it is of equal Importance that the sod should be lasting. It is one thing to prepare a lawn which will furnish a crop for this year's poultry alone, and quite another to prepare a lawn which will push its growth of green vigorously every spring-time. The first item of importance is the preparation of the soil. This is often too hastily and imperfectly done. Care should be taken that the surface soil be evenly graded, and drains laid wherever there is a tendency towards too much water remaining in the soil. The surface soil also should be thor- oughly pulverized; all stones, roots, etc., being removed, so that a smooth surface may be obtained. On large plots a harrow may be used, but in small yards of course the gar- den rake must take its place. The seed, in this latitude, may be sown any time during the months of April or May, care being taken to rake or harrow it in, and then roll or pat the ground slightly so as to pack the soil sufficiently close to the seed. Lawns thus made will be in good condi- tion by August or September. The work may be done in the fall, but the results are not generally as satisfactory as when done in the spring of the year. A second item demanding attention — and probably the most important of all — is the selection of the proper kinds of grasses with which to stock the lawn. Those whose good fortune it has been to locate their fowl yards on an already established sod, have found a great difference in these sods. Thus, a sod of timothy or herd's-grass, or in fact of any bulbous-rooted grass, *ill, if not entirely exhausted, in a year or two, when stocked with fowls, gradually diminish in health}' growth, until it becomes finally valueless ; while, on the other hand, a sod of low-growing grasses, such as the ordinary lawn grass mixtures, will, when once firmly established, hold its own from year to year, against the at- tack of the healthy appetite of a good-sized flock of poultry, without receiving any appreciable damage. The late D. W. Herstine was particularly fortunate in this respect, and doubtless much of his success was due to the fact that his lawn, over which his fowls wandered at will, was practi- cally inexhaustible. On a sod of timothy or herd's-grass, one-fourth of his flock would have destroyed the sod in a single season. It is a matter of prime importance, there- fore, in sodding a lawn for poultry, that low-growing grasses, such as can withstand the attacks of healthy fowls, should be selected. Care must be taken that the grass become well estab- lished before the fowls are permitted to pasture on it — though but little damage can be done by little chicks, if the mother hen remain cooped. Care should also be taken to mow the lawn regularly, to induce a vigorous growth. A good plan would be, if necessity demands it, to start several grass runs at once, and allow the growth on a part to in- crease while the others are being used by the fowls. Mr. Fred. Mather, of Honeoye Falls, N. T., has just re- turned from the Au Sable Eiver, Michigan. He brings back a quantity of grayling spawn, which is the first lot ever taken from this fish. He reports snow in the cedar swamps of Northern Mich- igan two feet deep on the 10th of April. Brembit or Embden Geese are inquired for. Anyone having the above will do well to advertise them in the Journal, Cof\F\ESf»OfJDE|^CE. OUR ENGLISH LETTER. Mr. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : I inclose list of rules, meetings, and officers of the Liverpool National Columbarian Society, for 1875. The Society already numbers over forty of the leading fan- ciers of this country, and some in America. I will endeavor to send you a report of our meeting this week by next steamer. We are very much pleased with the Journal. Your report (illustrated) of the Northern Counties Colum- barian Society's meeting is set up and presented in better form than in any paper on this side of the Atlantic. The Journal is now, I think, the only weekly paper devoted solely to the fancy, as our Fanciers^ Gazette from this date takes in other matter, and becomes The Live Stock Journal and Fanciers' Gazette. Of course, we have a number of good papers which devote a section to the fancy — including TAe Field, The Country, The Journal of Horticulture, and others. The Field is a grand paper. It is the leading authority on all kinds of field sports, farming, travel, gardening, natural history, athletic sports, and our fancy. The Country is almost the Field in miniature, but it goes more extensively into the poultry and pigeon fancies, and it is, for the amount of information it contains on the above and on natural science in general, probably the cheapest paper published. The Journal of Horticulture combines gardening and bee-keeping with the poultry and pigeon fancy. Wiltshire Rector and others have made its name a household word wherever columba- rians are found. There is no question but that we are well represented by the press in England, but America now pos- sesses the only exclusively weekly " Fanciers' Journal." Tours truly, John H. Cryee. SODTHPORT, Enqland, April 8, 1875. SICK DARK BRAHMA PULLET. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: I have a Dark Brahma pullet, ten months old, that has been sick for the past two months. There seems to be something the matter with her crop ; it is swollen very large, and on being squeezed there runs from her mouth a very dark-colored matter, that seems as if it would choke her. She turns black in the face and comb ; FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 269 still, when left alone, she goes singing around the coop, and hor appetite scorns very good. She has not lost any in weiglit. Slio weighed nino pdiinds at eight monthB, and weighs a ti-illo over tliat now. Had laid live eggs when taken .sick. I doctored her at lirct for roup, but made up my mind that was not what ailed lior, m all the chieks 1 ever had with roup died in loss than a week. I opened her erop the other day, and now this matter runs from the opening, which I did not clo.se up. When she sits on the roost there will be quite a pile of it, and I notice it drops all day. Her comb and wattles are bright red, and any person seeing hor would think she was laying. 1 almost forgot to say I have had a cockerel in the same coop with the Brahma pullet that is all right, and perfectly healthy. Has been in the coop with her since before she was taken sick. Respectfully yours, TowANDA, April 19, 187.';. E. W. Elwell. Editor Fanciers' Journai,. Dear Sir : Seeing advertisement in j'our paper of Thos. D. Adams, of Franklin, Pa., ofl'ering as a premium a sitting of eggs from his fowls to each person who would subscribe for your paper through him, I sent him the price of one subscription, and I am happy to notify you that he has com- plied with his promise to. send the eggs, as I received them from him in good condition April 12. Respectfully, etc., S. F. Whitjian. Detroit, Mien., April 19, 1875. [Mr. Lothrop, photographer of this city, has also received eggs as a premium on Fanciers' Journal subscription from Mr. Adams, and fully endorses the above. — Eb.] remedy wanted. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir: I write to you to inquire through 3'our Jour- nal, if you, or any of your readers, can tell me what remedy to give my chickens ; they act like a person badly affected with the |ilitliisic, and their combs and wattles are nearly purple in color. I have looked through the correspondents' department, but have found no description of the disease which affects my hens ; for they are all hens, no cocks being as yet affected ; some linger a month before dying. The chickens have been fed corn meal, wheat, bran, oats, corn and wheat alternately, with plenty of pure water. Respectfully, Mrs. R. Brodt. Spkinotown, .\pril IS, 187f5. leo weakness. Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir: I have a brood of Light Bralima chicks (three weeks old), which are troubled with " leg weakness," their toes turning completely under, the latter having the appear- ance of being broken. Can you, or any of your readers, suggest a remedy or n preventive? I have Ijitely become a subscriber to your valuable journal and see almost all of the pets spoken of except the Terriers. Now there certainly is considerable interest taken in this particular class, and cannot we have a column devoted to them ? A Mr. Ketchum, of Savannah, sUited in a February number of the Journal that he had just received a line "Skye" from Liverpool. If Mr. K., or any one else, will contribute a little of his experience with the genus caiiina, we will send him a hogshead of rats for his dog to practice upon. Respectfully, Chas. W. Church. Colorado Sprinos, Col., April 17, IS75. l.MPORTATIOH. Bt the Bteamer, " City of Brooklyn," which arrived April 2d, I received four White-hooted Bantams, one cock- erel and three pullets, all exceedingly fine specimens of that old, hut now comparatively rare, breed of fowls. They are the best representatives from the yards of Webster Adams, Esq., Ipswich, England, selected for me by J. Howitt, Esq., Masbro' Rotherham, Yorkshire. Thanks to that gentle- man's careful arrangements, the little fowls arrived in ex- quisite health and condition. Many other fanciers in this country, who are indebted to Mr. Uowilt for similar favors, will join me in thanking him for his generous cour- tesy and attention. Henry S. Maorane, New York. rowls in small city yards. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir: It may interest some of j-our readers to know how little room a town man has to give to a few chickens. I started with thirty young and old, all the house they have is four feet by six, and seven high, have three twenty inch shelves across the four-feet end, the top one making an L on the side, over each of these shelves is a roost. I had to see they did not all get on one shelf for a few nights and now they know their own roosts. I commenced getting clear of those I did not like, the first of January, and started March lirst, with sixteen Brown Leghorn hens, two cockerels and three Dark Brahma pullets. The Brown Leghorns gave me three hundred and eighteen eggs for March ; one of my Dark Brahma pullets, though only hatched in September, got broody about the first of March, and to get her out of the way I took the dog kennel, two-feet-six square, with none of the joints tight, and made two nests in the back of it, and put it on the bricks in the yard with no protection ; March eleventh 1 set her with nine Brown Leghorn eggs ; for the first fourteen days the water froze (and most of the nights solid) in the drinking cup, and some nights it was cold enough — within four or five of zero. You maj' judge of my surprise to find seven chicks on April 1st, as we are always told that we mu.st give a hen a tolerable warm place if we can expect it to hatch in so cold weather. I was out looking at my chickens the other day, and one of my neighbors called to see me, and asked if I was examin- ing ray possessions. I t<>ld him they gave mo about a dozen eggs a day; he said 1 must bo in eggslasy (ecstasy), and disappeared immediately. I have never seen hira since, and think ho belongs to the spelling-bee. . Truly yours, J. D. Baltimore, April 3, 1873. CENTRAL CONN. POULTRY ASSOCIATION. ornoERs For. 187.'>. President— 'E. B. Dunbar, Bristol. Vice-Presidenis—S. R. Gridley, Wallace Hart, Bristol ; W. A: Spaulding, New Britain ; A. E. Abbott, East Hamp- ton, Miiss. Corresj)ondtng Secrelan/—Qeo. W. Mitchell, Bristol. Recording Seereiari/ — James Shopard, Bristol. Ti-easurei-— Geo. A. Gowdy, Bristol. ExecuHve Co7nmiltee—lj. E. Moulthrop, F. E. Terry, Geo. Turner, J. H. Clemence, H. A. Warner, W. W. Carter, AVm. Bcynolds, F. E. Darrow, E. S. Hollister, Earl Arnold, i Bristol ; L. E. -\twater, C. L. Hotchkiss, Forestville ; D. C. Peck, Burlington ;--'N. Covert, Plainville; W. W". Bull, I Plymouth ; N. C. Smith, Berlin ; Thomas H. Wheeler, New Haven ; S. S. Van Beuren, Hartford. 270 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. ExcFj/^MQES. j8®" Advertisements tn this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty- Eight Words, describing and offering for exchang'e only, WILL BE allowed AT 25 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. F. R. WOTRIurG, Mansfield Valley, Allegheny Co., Pa., will ex- change fifteen Light Brahma eggs, from my choice Williams, and Wil- liams and Buzzell stock, for one sitting each (thirteen) of Brown Leg- horns and B. B.Game or Black African Bantama. CHAS. E. liONG, Lancaster. Pa., will exchange one solid Red Turbit cock, for one good Black-tail Turbit hen. Also, some good White Fans, Moor Caps, or Tumblers, for two well-booted and marked Blue Swallow hens. E. H. HERO, Milford, Mass., has to exchange Black-wing Tur- bits, Ked Carrier, Black Nun hens, solid Black Turbit, Black Baldhead, Silver-mottled Baldhead, Red Barb cocks. Blue Antwerp, Tumblers, Ruffs, Barbs, Fans, and Trumpeters— for Yellow-wing Turbits, Black- wing Turbit cocks, White Fans, and solid Black Turbit hens. "WM. P. COIiVIW, Wolcott, N. Y., wants five White Leghorn pullets, for which he will give five Buff Cochin pullets (S. Merry's strain), and one imported Buff cockerel. Stock must be first-class as mine are. REV. H. A. NEITZ, Millersburg, Dauphin Co., Pa., will exchange a trio S. S Polauds, Bryant's Library of Poetry and Song, and good type — for whatever offers. Bantams, B. Leghorns, P. Cochins, Wright's Illustrated Book of Poultry. ____^ P. a. HOIiCOMBE, Reaville. N. J., will exchange a pair of White Polish cockerels, for almost anything but rabbits or pigeons. Handsome birds. Make him an offer. F. M, HERROJV, Indianapolis, Ind., will exchange a thoroughbred Brown Spaniel pup, nine months old, never been trained, imported from Canada, value 9=30 (not having sufficient time to train him properly) — for fancy fowls. What off"ers? W. O. HARRAn, Cadiz, Ohio, will exchange one White Leghorn cockerel and four pullets (.1. Boardman Smith's strain), fine birds, for the same number of Rose-combed Dominiques or Plymouth Rocks. W. O. IIARRAH:, Cadiz, Ohio, will exchange a trio of S. S. Ham- hurgs for Silver or Yellow Duckwing, Red Pyle, or Silver Sebright Bantams. Write for particulars. W. O. HARRAU;, Cadiz, Ohio, will exchange a thoroughbred English Pointer dog, one year old, partly trained, for a trio of Bronze Turkeys ; White, Buff, Black, or Partridge Cochins of extra merit. W. O. HARRAH, Cadiz, Ohio, will exchange Eggs, from his premium stock of Light Brahmas, for Colored Dorkings, Rose-combed Dominiques, or Plymouth Rucks, of good stock. His are very fine. "W. O. HARRAU, Cadiz, Ohio, will exchange a pair of G. P. Hamburgs, which took second premium at Pittsburg show, January, 1875, for a pair of good P. Cochins. X.ANSINO GORDON, Sloansville, N. Y., will exchange Rouen Duck eggs for those of Black Cayuga Ducks, Toulouse or Embden Geese, Bronze Turkeys, White Guinea fowls. Game Bantams, White-faced Span- ish, or for Fancy Pigeons. Wll-r.. J, ROW, Greensburg, Pa., will exchange White Leghorn eggs for White Cochin eggs, for hatching. Must be from first-class fowls. "W. H, JEFFRIES, Irwin Station, Westmoreland Co., Pa., will exchange one cockerel and four pullets. Brown Leghorns (cockerel, Kin- ney's stock; pullets, A. N. Raub's)— for same number of good birds of Plymouth Rocks or Houdaus. Make me an offer! OlilVER D. SCHOCK, Hamburg, Pa., will exchange Eggs of his well known strains, Partridge and Buff Co''.hins, Dark Brahmas, Ply- mouth Rocks, and W. F. Black Spanish ; also, one Bull Terrier dog pup, one fine Maltese cat, and one Partridge Cochin cockerel — for Pigeons, Jacobins, Turbits, Archangels, Magpies, and Trumpeters. A, K. MARTIN, Binghamton,N.Y., will exchange Black-breasted Red Game Bantam eggs, or Fancy Pigeons— for S. S. Hamburgs. C, M. WHITE, 33 Glen Street, Worcester, Mass., will exchange four Light Brahma hens and one cock (cock weighs IS}^ lbs., hens 8 lbs.), nicely formed and feathered— for Black or Partridge Cochins. Also, a Black-red Game cock, solid black breast, for Fancy Pigeons, or anything offered. E. T. M. SIAimONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa., will exchange twenty pairs of B. B. R. Game Bantams for Golden, Silver, or White Polands. Must be first-class stock, nothing else wanted ; the same will be given. E. T. M. SISIIVIONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa., will exchange a new Corn-Sbeller, cost S12.50. What have you got to offer for it? Will deliver it free of freight charges. Speak quick ! I, J. BIcKINSTRT, P. 0. Box 123, Globe Village, Mass., will ex- change priutiug for fowls or eggs. FANCIER, Box 314, Worcester, Mass., will exchange two pairs of Light Brahmas, extra fine, cocks weigh 10 and 11 lbs. each, pullets are large and finely marked (P. Williams' stock); one pair White Leghorns (Smith's stock) — for a good lined robe, cutlery, silverware, etc. FANCIER, Box 314, Worcester, Mass., will exchange Eggs for hatch- n": from a choice yard of Brown Leghorns (Muler's strain)— for a solid ;old ring, size % iu. across inside, or other articles. ElilJAH liOY, Box 33, East Meriden, Conn., will exchange one food navy revolver, plated. Remington's make— for one of L. Wright's llustrated Books of Poultry. Second-hand one in good condition not objected to. «. W. DICKINSON, Warren, Ohio, will exchange one Golden Sebright Bantam cock, three Brown-red Game hens, one trio Buff Coch- ins, two Buff Cochin cockerels, two White Cochin pullets — for Black- Breasted Red Game Bantam pullets, trio Brown Leghorns, White Leg- horn pullets. First-class stock. What offers? W, H. M,, Box 105, Haddonfield,N. J., will exchange one trio Black Cochins, and one White Cochin cock (No, 1 birds) — for common Pigeons What other offers? W. W. EIjI^IOTT, McEwensville, Pa., has to exchange a rare col- lection of postage stamps (50 U. S., 350 foreign), all genuine, collected by a postal clerk four years ago — for Almond, Short-faced, Silver Baldhead, Yellow Baldhead, and Yellow Agate Tumbleis or Pouters. W. W. EliEIOTT, McEwensville, Pa., has to exchange a new SlOO Roper shot gun, with forty-seven steel cartridges and all necessary equip- ments— for a herd book, Alderney cow or heifer. W. B. SHERRX, Stony Brook, L. L, will exchange White Leg- horn or S. S. Hamburg Eggs — for fancy pigeons, Fautails or Turbits pre- ferred. H. G. PENNEtli, Chester, Pa., has Jack Harkaway, at School, at Sea, at Oxford, and Among the Brigands, all neatly bound, cost 68 ; also, one silver-mounted revolver, and twenty-one numbers of Boys of Amer- ica to exchange for fancy pigeons. What offers? O. H. GOODRICn, Toledo, Tama Co.. Iowa, will exchange choice young Setter dogs, just the right age to work this season, for White Cochins. What offers? E, E. RAWSON, Barton, Vt., will exchange Silver-penciled Ham- burgs— for a good singing Canary, Mocking bird, talking Parrot, or Wright's Illustrated Book of Poultry. The Hamburgs are first-class. H, B. BATTERSON, 508 Herrick Street, Elmira, N. Y., will ex- change two White Leghorn pullets (Smith's strain) — for two Partridge Cochin pullets. They must be good birds, as mine are. EBEN P. BAX, Hazleton, Pa., has for exchange a full set of Litho graphs of Poultry, from Wright's Illustrated Book of Poultry; two Eng- lish steel engravings, "Coursing with Greyhounds," 18x22, framed in rosewood and gilt; Canary birds and cages — for first-class fancy Poultry or Pigeons, Silver-spangled Hamburgs preferred. AEFREB A, BEROW, Lock Box 702. Watertown. N. Y., would exchange one B. B. Red Game pullet, one pair Duckwings, and one Tartar pullet— for pigeons of either of the following varieties: Jacobins, Fan- tails, Owls, Turbits, Tumblers, Trumpeters, Swallows. P. O. BOX 43, Mahanoy City, Pa., wants Fancy Pigeons in ex change for a Violin valued at §10. Also, a revolver valued at $12. M. W. nilNER, Wyoming, Ills., wants to exchange eggs from White Leghorns (J. B. Smith's strain), and eggs from W. F. B. Spanish (Beldon and Begger's strain), for eggs from Black-Red Game, Golden and Silver Sebright and Black African Bantams. CfiAS. T- H:0£.BER, Bloomington, 111., will exchange one male Ferret, one Fawn Angora buck, one Lop-ear buck — for Rabbits, Pigeons, Sebright Bantams, or other pet stock. FOR EXCHANGE.— One pair G. S. Hamburgs, one pair G. P. Hamburgs, one pair Aylesbury Ducks; one pair Mallard Ducks, three pairs S. S. Crested Polauds, two pairs G. S. Crested Polands, one pair White Leghorns, two trios S. S. B. Bantams, two trios G. S. B. Bantams, Lop-eared, Angora, Himalayan, and Dutch Rabbits. The above are all premium stock. Will exchange for Dark Brahmas Partridge Cochins, Turbits, Jacobins, Fantails, or other Fancy Pigeons. What offers? Address JOHN F. HOUSER, Box 233, Tamaqua, Pa. TO EXCHANGE.— Eggs for hatching from a choice stock of Par- tridge Cochins or Plymouth Rocks, for Italian Queen Bees. C. J. ANDRUSS, Canandaigua, N. Y. W;\fJjED. Under this Head any Single Want will be Placed, if not ovek fokty wokds. 35 cts. must be remitted foe each and eveey want. ■WANTED.— In exchange for Eggs of eighteen different varieties- Silver or Golden- Penciled Hamhurg pullets, Bearded Polish, Crevecoeur pullets, Siiver-laced Sebrights, Rouen and Avlesburv Ducks, or Pekin eggs. EDWARD FESSER, Kensicb, Westchester Co., N. Y. ■WANTED.- Pigeons of all varieties; also, one Black Cochin cock- erel. Address, with description of stock, D. F. PARKER, Station A, Cincinnati, Ohio. ■WANTED One cockerel and six pullets Silver Sebrisihts. Extra good birds. E. T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa. ■WANTED. — A good thoroughbred Spitz dog, either male or female. Also, a good blood Black-and-tan of the small breed. Address JOS. H. KEAFT, Box 426, New Albany, Ind. ■WANTED.— Dun-wing Turbit cock, Yellow Carrier hen, pair solid Red Fantails — in exchange for Golden or Silver-Spangled Hamburg cock- erels. GEO. P. SEAVEY, Cambridgeport, Mass. FANCIEltS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, MAY 6, 1875. No. 18. CRYSTAL PALACE SHOW. (Continued fnim pngo 2:f2.) Sobi'ights also wnro a small class. Mr. lirauiid was first with pair of Golden, beautiful in lacing and depth of color: tho same, we think, wo remarked on at Oxford, but we re- pent that tho cock was loggy. Mr. Leno was second and third with good Silvers, very pure white. Pen 2700 con- tained a capital hen, but the cock was not worthy of her. Nankins are again this year a very small class. They do not seem to " take," which wo do not wonder at, for, though curious, they have little that is attractive about them. Any other distinct variety of Bantams was a very mixed class. Pirst, a pair of Frizzled, too largo for Bantams, and cxtromoly ugly. Wo thought second were good Pekins, which should have been (irst — tlie cock, however, was slight- ly defective in beak. Third was curious Cuckoo-colored Japanese, very pretty in color, but the cock was not short enough in leg. There were some other pens of them in the class, but out of condition. Tho selling class for Bantams contained many good and cheap birds, which wore soon picked up. We noticed par- ticularly tho lirst-prize pen. Black-breasted Reds ; and also 2782, a very i)rotty pair of Blacks ; 2744, Booted ; 2750 ; Duckwings; 2760, and 2774, as being bargains. DUCKS, QEESE, AND TURKEYS. Aylesbury Ducks were very few in number, and for a show like this, poor in quality. The judge was just able to pick out three good pens for tho prize-money. Mr. Walker's first-prize pair wore very excellent in size, color, and bill. The fourth were inclined to be yellow in bill. Kouons, on the contrary, were very good ; there were many excellent birds. The first and second, however, were well in front, but with very little to choose between them. Tho third were a long way behind, and scarcely so good in our opinion as 2822, the duck in which pen was particularly ■good. Jtany other pons contained good ducks and some good drakes, but not well matched. Black Ducks formed a grand cla.ss. and must have been very difficult to judge, though wo were glad to see them open to the top, as the quality of all the pens, with very few exceptions, was very good. Wo may sum up the winners by saying that Mr. Kelleway was 1st and 4th, Mr. Sainsbury 2d and 3d. The flrst were undoubtedly the smallest, and tho drake was very beautiful in color and all other points. Mr. Sainsbury's 2d and 3d were very much alike, slujhtly larger than tho 1st, but exceeding them in brilliancy of color, especially the ducks. Tho 4th we thought a mistake, as there wero sovcrol better pens ; for instance, Mr. Kelloway's other pen, which were very pretty, the drake especially. Pen 2831 wero also an excellent pair. Pen 2833 contained a good duck, as also did 2848, but the drake in this had a load-colored bill, very ugly. Pen 2845 were also a nice pair, though scarcely small enough. Any other variety of Ducks was a most attractive and interesting class, calling forth loud expressions of admira- tion and astonishment from the spectators. Mr. Serjeant- son's very rare Spotted-billed ducks, in beautiful condition, wero first. Second were a grand pair of Mandarins; we think wo nevey- saw a drake with larger fan-feathers or longer whiskers. Third wero excellent Carolinas, the duck espe- cially good. There were also, capital White Calls, besides White-faced Whistlers, Bahamas, &c. Mr. Leno showed a pair of tho scarce .Japanese Teal, but unfortunately the drake had not resumed tho full male plumage; but as ho was, he was very handsome. There was ahso a pair of Ca- rugas, very large, but not looking to advantage (in point of beauty at all events) among their more gorgeous neighbors. And there was also a large pair of White ducks, like Ayles- burys, with jellow bills and iuriied-up tails, which we sup- pose are the newly introduced Chinese ducks. Geese were very fine, and we arc sorry we cannot give tho weights. Tho cup brought out a strong entry of very large birds, the honor going to Whites, third to Toulouse, and third to Embden again. Wo have never before seen such a collection at the Crystal Palace, and the marked attention of many ladies to what geese miy/U be, was very noticeable. Turkeys also were very fine, though not numerous, tho winners in each of the three classes being both very large and attractive in plumage. We fancied we could detect the American " bronze " blood in nearly all the winning birds. PIGEONS. Tho Pigeons alune now number nearly as many as the total of the first Crystal Palace show some six or seven years ago. They were a grand collection, and though not thronged like tho poultry, we noticed a marked increase in the attend- ance of tho public around tho pigeon pons. We must how- ever, proceed to classes, only premising that Mr. Pratt supplied the whole of this department of the show with food of a quality \vc have not often seen doled out to birds, but which is of great importance to owners. I'OUTERS. We speak advisedly when we say this division was not upon the whole so good as last year, and that this was also tho opinion of both judges. Tho cup Blue-pied cock was the same that won twelve months since, and while this shows his grand qualities, of course he has not improved with age, though still almost perfect in every respect. Second was a large bird, but without tho fine form of the other — a good useful stock bird. Third, a nice cock with good aver.igo points all over. ' Tho rest of this class not remarkable. The first entry in it wsis the bird we spoke so highly of at Newcastle ; but having gorged himself after his journey ho had gone quite out of show. Black-pied cocks were nearly, if not quite, the w^orst class 278 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. in the show ; only first and second being birds of any con- sequence, the latter a fine siock-hivd. Bed and Yellow cocks were a small class. First, a good colored red, of good form and limb, but not long in feather. Second also went to a red. Third was a yellow, rather pale in color, but a good Pouter. The first prize White cock was one of the best Pouters in the show, in all points ; and we heard a good judge say, that if going into the fancy, he would give any money for him and the winning hen. Second and third also fit to win. Pen 2959 (Gresham) is remarkable for being no less than a bare 7J in. limb, a measurement we think no one has ever before seen in a white ; and we believe has only been sur- passed once in any color ; one limb was, however, a bit crooked, and the bird was not good enough otherwise, though most valuable, no doubt, to his owner. In the any other class, the winner was again the same giant Mealy cock that won last year. He was the only one we thought worth notice, the other winners being Splashes. The class for young cocks was perhaps the best of all the Pouter classes. First was a Black-Pied, and we have rare- ly seen a finer Pouter in all but color, this not being by any means bad, but not quite first-rate. Second was a very promising Yellow of fair color. The third was a Blue, son of the cup Blue in the old class, and a bird sure to be heard of again. Some very fine White were in this class, but were of course unable to compete on equal terms with such good Pieds. In the Blue Hen class the cup was won by a very fine bird in color, form, and blow, but hardly long enough in feather. Second had nothing that we could see extra but her crop, which was perfect. Third a large "motherly" bird, of very good Pouter form, somewhat bishoped. In Black-Pied, first was very good in marking, color, and limb, and was the only bird of really good quality in the class. In Bed or Yellow hens, first was a Bed of a proper rich shade, fine in form, crop, and marking, but a little short in feather ; second also very good. Third was a Yellow of very fine form, but bad color — a sort of chequer ; if this had been good, we think she must have been first. In Whites, as we have already hinted, the winner was an extraordina- rily good Pouter ; second being very fair quality, and third, a very nice hen, by no means in show condition. Nothing else particular in this class. Any other color contained only six birds, first being a Dun of good form, but not very good in limb ; in fact, there were no really good birds in this class. Young hens also were poor, first being a tidy little Blue, there not being another really good one, and the whole class inferior to last year, fair being the most that can be said for the other winners in it. Many of the Pigmies were very bare in limb, and several not so were vulture-hocked, so that the judges had little choice. They went on the same lines as for the larger birds, the prizes being chiefly therefore decided by limb and feather. CARKIERS. Many preferred the second-prize Black cock to the win- ner, which was, however, good all round. Third is hardly developed, but has the making of a good one. The vkc bird is very fine in head, but short in neck and feather, with badly-shaped legs. 3092 will be very good when older. 3096 was extremely good in beak, eye, and neck, but a little wanting in front of wattle. In hens we thought both second and third, all round, better than the winner in nearly every point. .3105 was a good hen frightfully out of condition. The vhc bird, 3113, struck us as the best-headed in the class, but had very poor pins. In Dun cocks, first Mr. Fulton's well-known champion Dun. Second, we believe, won first last year in the young class, so that he has grown a good bird. Third, a very good- headed bird, very even with second. We were much struck with 3115 (Heritage, vhc), which, if age is correct, is a won- der. 3125 is also a very high-class model, but as yet young. 3126 has a small eye, but the best wattle in the show so far as we noticed. In hens, Mr. Pulton again came to the front fairly enough, the bird being a grand specimen in every property. Second was a very good hen in all, except a bad gullet. Third has a wonderfully good eye, but not so good in wattle, and a bad neck. 3182, very stylish, but also faulty in wattle ; 3137 handsome, but too young ; 3140 we rather fancy was the cup bird formerly, but is now getting used up, her best show days being gone by ; 3141, very good indeed in wattle and beak ; 3144 a pretty bird, but weak in eyes. In any other color, cocks, the winner (Blue), except a bad color, was, in all respects, a grand Carrier. Second, good color, beak, and wattle, but weak in one eye. Third, another bird, good in all but color. 3151, a fine bird, we can hard- ly understand being passed. 3157, a Silver, and one of the best of that rare color we have seen. The winning hen seemed to us to have little but eye-points to recommend her, being wanting in beak and wattle, and not stylish in neck or legs. Second, a rare good head for a hen, hut faulty in color as usual. Third in her place, although white-rumped. In young Black cocks, we certainly thought Mr. Heri- tage's 3175 the gem of the show, and can only attribute his being passed, to his being thought too superior for a young bird. The winning bird was very pretty in head and neck but extremely faulty in flight and tail. Second, a wonderful pigeon in every property. Third, a good neck, but spindley beak, and a lump at the back of his head which looked very ugly. Fourth, very good in all properties ; 3190, good in all but skull; and 3196 (Walker, very highly commended) was claimed at £20 by a man who knows a Carrier when he sees it. In young hens, except the winners, there was nothing very remarkable. The cup bird was well worthy her position, and third was noticeable for an extraordinarily long face. The winning young Dun cock was the very bird we no- ticed at Oxford as being passed over for being too good ; we we were glad to see him in this position at last, and need say no more. Mr. Hammock may be proud of such a pair as this and his highly commended bird. We liked third, another gem, next best, though many backed up Col. Has- sard's, a really fine bird. Fourth we did not like in beak and gullet nearly so well as the others. Several highly commended birds in this class will be heard of again. In hens, all the winners looked very masculine, especially sec- ond ; if they a?-e hens they are certainly good ones. In young Blue cocks the awards were very good, the cup bird being particular heavy and straight in beak. The hens also were well placed. The selling class, except the first prize, which we rather thought looked like two cocks, contained nothing extra. (Xo be continued.) FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 279 THE OVA OF BIRDS. ny KDWARD W. GOODWIN, M.D. I u A V ic tliciiight for somo tiiiio past that a popular scieiitillc arliclo ujion llio abovo sul)JR<;t might prove acccptablo to a miijoi'ity of my brother fiincicM-s after tlio standard contro- versy should subside, and to tliat end, while others have l)cen discussing tlio American Poultry Association, I have by compilation, and some original research, the pleasure of presenting the accompanying brief, but not exiiaustive, essay; during the compiliitinn of which I have been mate- rially assisted by the resoarclics of such men as Chauvcau, Dalton, Arloing, Wittich, and Lnndois. As an introduction we will first state that what is known as an. egg is composed of iin ovulum and Ma acccssori/ part.i (Fig. 2), the firstof which is developed in an organ called an ovary, which will be found in the common fowl a little to the loft of the backbone, and in close proxinjily to the upper extremity of tlio oviduct in the cavity of the abdomen, and which consists of a cluster of globular cysts called Graafian follicles, loosely connected together by areolar tissue, and covered by the same filmy and glistening membrane which lines the cavity of the abdomen, and tlirough which may bo seen the ova in their dift'erentstages of development, together with the blood-vessels which serve to nourish them. It is just at this point that the fecundating fluid of the male, which has made its way upwards through the oviduct, conies in contact with the prepared ova and fertilizes them ; sometimes but one or two, and may Ije in some cases whore the hen is very prolific and about ready to begin haying a new litter, and the cock is unusually vigorous, the whole litter may be fecundated ; and in the case of the hen-turkey it is a notorious fact that a single connection is sufliciont to fertil- ize a clutch of eggs. Each follicle contains an ovniiim, which, as it approaches maturity, gradually enlarges and distends its capsule, thus slowly forcing it more prominently to the surface of the ovary, and eventually so thinning its capsule by the disten- sion as to cause its rupture and the discharge of a mature ovulum or yellow yolk. The accessory parts are developed around the ovulum during its passage through the generative tract known as the oviduct, a tube about twenty inches in length in the case of a Brahnui hen weighing seven pounds; whitish in appear- ance, of a soft doughy consistency, contracted upon itself, and consisting of 1, a mucous lining membrane capable of ■secreting a variety of materials in its difl'erent tracts ; 2, a muscular coat of varying thicknessand po.wer, which, having the property of contracting upon its contents, serves to drive them downwards, at the same time rotating them in a singu- lar manner ; 3, an outside glistening membrane of peri- toneum. The oviilwii (Pig. 2) is composed of I, a viiclliiie membrane (2) which presents upon its superior surface; II, the cicairicula (8) a yellowish-white disk composed of a layer of minute granules, in the centre of which is found at an early stage of the egg's development; III, the (jerminal spot, or Pttrkhije's vesicle, from which the body of the chick is finally developed; IV, the yulk, or vitelliis (1), which is disposed in successive concentric layers of oleaginous gran- ules, called vitelline fflobules, which being richly endowed with nuclei appear of a rich orange-yellow color, the mass filling the vitelline membrane (2) ; but the central portion, from containing but few nuclei, causes the flask-shaped latebra (9), with its long narrow neck in confluence with the cica- fcx^m^: ^i"! - . '-./ -m tricuta to appear hollow, which it most certainly in after having been hardened by the action of boiling water, and which causes the distillation of a drop or two of oil into its cavity, thus showing its Bpe- eilic gravity to be less than that of the lower portion of the vitellus, which, though containing a large amount of oleaginous matter is enough heavier to, as it were, ballast the ovum, and thus allow the cic.atric.uta to occujiy the upper surface, where it is always to be found on breaking open thev egg upon its lateral surface, ^^ and is placed in the most fa- "^'^ vorable position to receive the warmth and air which are so g essential to the development of the chick. We will now ^, return with our mature ovulum which is to receive Ws.acccssory parts, to where it was being extruded from its ruptured Qraajiari follicle (Fig. 1, a). It is now hanging by an attenuated filmy thread, and if not immediately rescued will fall into the abdominal cavity, as sometimes happens, and perish ; but the upper, fun- ^^z- ';lZl,J^lj)| nel-shaped.fringed extrera- r// :^i^\%^t V'^ ity of the (6) oviduct is on \ti j s^ "^^ '"^ ^. \ = the alert, and immediately 1^ ^V^ grasps it as with a hand, and tenderly embracing it, gently pushes it downwards into the (6, c), firnt division of the tube, which is about three inches in length and lined with a smooth mucous membrane, which secretes a thin glairy fluid, which, upon the princi- ple of endosmosis, is absorbed by the ovulum tlirough its membranous covering to a suf- ficient extent to become quite pliable and yielding. It now passes into the second division of the duct (c, d), which is about ten inches in length, and whoso lining membrane is thicker and thrown into a mul- titude of longitudinal folds, which project deeply into its cavity, while from its upper third exudes a viscid albumi- nous secretion in which the ovulum is swathed, and which after gelatinizing will furni the cJialaziferous membrane (Fig. 2), (2). The ovum with its imperfectly formed membrane now slowly descends into the lower two-thirds of this section of the tube, aided by the peristaltic action of the muscular KiG. 1.— Ovarv nod OTiducL 280 FAJSrCIBRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. coat of the duct, -whicli is somewhat similar to the action of swallowing, and is at the same time so rotated that the super- fluous membrane at the ends of the ovum becomes twisted spirally in opposite directions, so as to form a score or so of coils at each end, thus forming a species of ligamentous spiral springs, in a similar manner to what would occur if an apple were swung around several times in a handkerchief held at each end by the hands. These are the chalazm (6), or so- called tread, both ends of which approach the opposite poles as far as the internal shell-membrane and become firmly imbedded in the "white," and serve to anchor the yolk in its midst; yet allowing it the utmost latitude of motion compatible with safety, and so restraining it as to prevent any too sudden jarring motion which might prove detri- mental to its vitality. The " White" (3), is now liberally poured out in the re- mainder of this second division of the generative canal in the shape of a semi-transparent gelatinous mass, composed principally of albumen and water, and is disposed in three successive layers of different densities, each layer being com- posed of an indefinite number of still thinner layers, and which are deposited around the yolk at three different periods during its progress through this part of the duct. Pig. 1. (rf). The egg now begins to assume an ovoid form, which shape is imparted to it by the mechanical action of the peristaltic-rotary pressure from behind, opposed by the natural muscular contractility of the tube in front, thus causing it to assume a conical shape anteriorly ; while pos- teriorly, from being more closely embraced, it becomes quite spherical. 1. Yellow yolk, composed of concentric layers. 2. Vitelline and cbalaziferous mem- branes. 3. The three layers of albumen. 4. Two layers of lining membrane of 5. Testaceous shell. 6. ChalazK. 7. Air-chamber. 8. Cicatricula with its nucleus, leading down to the latebia, or white yolk cavity 9. This ovoid form is now assuming some importance, for after a slight inspissation of its albuminous coating, it will be better enabled to force its way to the front, distending the soft parts after the manner of a wedge, and it will still better be able to do so after it has obtained its shell in the third division of the oviduct (e). This is about four inches in length, and whose mucous membrane becomes less promin- ent, and the longitudinal folds more closely packed. In this division are deposited around the albuminous mass the tes- taceous, or shell-membranes (-Pig. 2), (4 & 5), which are com- posed of three laminae of closely woven fibroid tissue, whose opacity is owing to the air contained within their meshes. These laminje are known as the internal, middle, and exter- nal fibrous membranes, and between whose internal and middle layers at the obtuse end is found the air-chamber (7), so called from the air which it contains. The egg now insinuates itself into the last, or fourth di- OTsiowof thecanal (Fig. 1,/) toreceiveits finishing touches. This part of the tube is wider than the rest, and about three inches in length, the lining membrane of which is com- posed of numerous projecting, foliated villosities, which pours out a fluid richly laden with salts of lime, and by which the external fibrous membrane is permeated, and amalga- mated, by the crystallization of the limy salts within its meshes. This process is continued until a hard and solid shell is formed, which upon inspection reveals a shining aspect, and in its mass fine sand-like particles. Some writers distinguish several layers in the shells of birds, but it will suffice us to add the iderine gland layer, and lastly, the spongy layer. The first is impregnated with calcareous salts, deeply studded with little round bodies which are but the remains of exfoliated uterine glands, and cause the egg to assume a sandy appearance ; and in this layer is also found the color- ing matter of the shell, if any exist. The spongy layer is analogous to solidified mucus, is struc- tureless, and in fact is the finishing coat of varnish which serves to prevent a too sudden evaporation of its watery con- tents, and gives to the shell its glossy appearance. The egg is now finished for delivery, which latter is accom- plished by the contraction of the muscular coat of the tube forcing it through the now narrowed part of the duct (Fig. 1, g), which verj' gradually dilates as its tapering extremity impinges, and is finally ejected from the external orifice. If the spongy layer of a newly-laid egg be removed by fric- tion, with the aid of warm water, there will be brought to view by the aid of a glass, numerous porosities existing in the shell, the larger end being supplied more bountifully, and with larger ones than exist elsewhere. Now, the egg after expulsion begins to lose a portion of its aqueous contents by evaporation, which is to be replaced by air, and this exit and entry is made through the pores of the shell at its obtuse extremity, which, accumulating between the middle and internal membranes, causes them to separate, and thus forms the air-chamber. It has been surmised by some prescient individuals that the 2yosition of this air- chamber has something to do with determining the sex of the egg, but as far as can be ascertained, the formation of the cavity, whether precisely in the centre, or a little to one side, is determined by the size and number of the porosities that may happen to exist at that extremity, thus proving the formation to be purely mechanical, rather than physi- ological. PiqEO[J DEf=/^F^JlVIEf]j. Mk. Wade : Dear Sir: Having made a final arrangement with Mr. T. Grist, to fly a home-and-home match with our pigeons, I would friendly request you to publish the particulars of our agreement in your next number of the Jottrnal. Our birds will be tossed respectively — mine in the city FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 281 of Philadelphia, and Mr. Grist's in the city of Now York — as near as possible at the same minute. Our watches are to be regulated by the New York and Philadelphia Eailroad time — my bird to be sent to the office of the editor of the New York Bulletin, for inspection, and Mr. Grist's bird to the office of the editor of the Fmiciem' Journal, for inspection, after the arrival of the birds from their voyage. The value of the prize for the race will consist of a valua- ble gold medal, made from a twenty dollar gold piece, and will be known as the champion medal between the two cities, and besides for a sum of one hundred dollars, the bird making the best time to win both. I think, Mr. Editor, that such a magnificent race will attract the attention of all the true lovers of pigeons, and I hope that such friendly matches will soon be inaugurated all over the country. It has been arranged, between Mr. Grist and myself, that the match will eome oif on Saturday, June 5th, 187.5. Yours truly, John Van Opstal, President of the New York Flying Antwerp Society. No. 4 I-EWis St., New Yokk, April 28, 1875. LIVERPOOL NATIONAL COLUMBARIAN SOCIETY. Thk first ordinary monthly meeting for the exhibition of pigeons, discussion, election of new members, etc., was held at the Compton Hotel, Church Street, Liverpool, on Monday Evening, April 5th. There was a crowded attendance of members and visitors. Amongst the members present there were a good number of leading fanciers and breeders, in- cluding Messrs. Graham, Gamon, Duckworth, Townson, etc. Some good Carriers were shown ; the class being for black cocks, Mr. P. n. Stretch taking 1st with a bird showing good style, although he did not show as good a development of eye and beak-wattle as Mr. E. C. Stretch's 2d, which did not stand up so well in the pen ; Major Cryer's two highly commended birds are too j'oung for an old bird class, but are promising birds. Short-faced Tumblers (Agates, Kites, Mottles, or whole feather) were a large and very excellent class; Mr. Duck- worth winning with a bird very good in head, eye and beak, small in size, and good in carriage. Blue Dragoon cocks were a large class in number, but not so good in quality as we would like to see, which is partly to be accounted for by Mr. Graham not exhibiting, as he was, with Mr. Gamon, engaged in judging; the winning birds, belonging to Mr. Walhire Smith, were, however, quite good. English Owl cocks, blue or silver, mustered in strong numbers, some of them being crowded by two's and three's into pens designed for single birds. Mr. H. Verdon was 1st and 2d with a blue and silver, the 1st being a bird well- known in the fancy. Wo thought a bird of Major Cryer's should have been higher than highly commended, and so did the judges, only for one fault — he was slightly tinged with bi'own in the bars. Pied Pouter cocks only had one entry. There is room for a few good Pouter fanciers in the society. The schedule provides for a class of Turbils, red or yellow, at this meeting, but none appeared. The other variety class was very large. It included Dun Carriers, Blue Carriers, Almond Tumblers, Antwerps, etc. Mr. Sefton winning with a Dun Carrier; an Almond Tum- bler of Mr. Verdon 's being next. This class must have been very troublesome to the judges, on account of the many good specimens which it contained of eucb widely different varieties. One hundred and eight birds in all were exhibited, the great majority of them being good pigeons in any company. It was a grand beginning for the society. The new beehive pens belonging to the society answered very well, and they have a beautiful appearance Major Cryer showed a fine collection of White Barbs, or extra stock, in one of the rectangular pens belonging to the Manchester Society ; which, with a number of beehive pens, were kindly loaned for the occasion, the entries being many more than were expected. The next monthly meeting will be held on Monday, May 3d, when classes will be provided for Barbs (two cla.ssc8), Pouters (splashed, mealy, or checkered). Dun Carrier cocks, Silver Dragoon cocks, Blue Checkered Short-faced Antwerps, and any other variety. Barbs will be the variety of pigeon for discussion. The young bird show of the society will be held in Sejitember, not August. Mr. Stretch read the following paper on Carriers, which was succeeded by a rather desultory but amusing and humor- ous discussion. A large number of new members were elected, mostly from a distance. " Mr. President, Vice-Presidents, Members and Friends of the Liverpool National Columbarian Society: It gives me great pleasure this evening in opening the discussion on the Carrier. This beautiful variety of the feathered tribe, the most noble of his race — in fact, the king of pigeons — has always been my favorite bird. I have watched this variety with great interest ever since I became a fancier, and I am glad to see that it is now becoming a greater favorite than it ever was, and muny new fanciers seem determined to im- prove it as much as possible.* " There is not the least doubt that societies, such as the Liverpool National Columbarian Society, have been the great means of bringing all our feathered pets to the perfiK;- tion that they have now attained, and I think, if our fore- fathers could only see what has been done by careful breed- ing, and the great increase in the fancy, they would be highly delighted. " The Carrier is, perhaps, the most difficult of all the diffiarent varieties to breed good, having so many different points to be obtained. In matching, a bird deficient in one point should be obviated in the other.f It is a matter of great importance to obtain large-bodied birds, therefore it is better to breed from a large hen and a small cock than from a large cock and a small hen. " Young birds, generally speaking, take after the mother in size and after the father in color; and when you obUiin size in a young bird it is generally strong and less likely to die after leaving the nest. Carriers are often as good nurses as common birds, J and I have lost many promising young * Societies have helped the fancy, but the independent eObrt of indi- vidual fanciers have prohaMy been the most potent in making the Carrier what it is. t It mostly depends on the ages of the birds; the younger and more vigorous of the pair is the bird likely to induence the young, both in siie and form, also in color. X There is a mistake here, not in the fact but in the deduction drawn from it. The chances are that the Carriers would have lost their own young. Mr. S. overlooks the fact of the much greater difficulty of raising young Carriers as compared with the ease of raising young common pigeons. Many common pigeons which cannot raise a young Carrier never fail in raising their own young. So. also, many Carriers never fail in raising young common pigeons, yet cannot raise the young ttoai their own eggs. 282 PANCIBRS' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. Carriers by placing them under feeders, while the young ones substituted for them have been well reared by the old Carriers.* " It is more satisfactory to breed from young birds than from old ones, as the young are also more vigorous and come on better.f There are many different colors, namely, black, dun, blue, silver, white, yellow, red, checkered, and pied. The black and dun are, however, far ahead of the others. "A good cock bird should be IJ- inches from front of eye (ball) to end of beak ; thick, straight box beak ; large, well- tilted beak wattle ; large, even eye wattle ; narrow skull ; a large bird, of good bold carriage, long thin neck, good color, and legs of fair length. As an illustration, I beg to refer you to my bird shown to-night ; although not perfect, he possesses many good points. " Dun Carriers, to keep their color sound and even, should not be allowed in the sun. Hen Carriers are not so large in wattle as the cocks, and not often so long in the face, but in many other respects they are equal. Blue and Silver Car- riers come next in rank to Black and Dun, and many of them are very large, handsome birds, long in face, very sty- lish, but often rather smutty in color, and, generally speak- ing, deficient in wattle ; but there are a few exceptions, notably a Blue Carrier cock, late the property of our worthy President, which had the best beak wattle 1 ever saw on a Carrier. I have seen a larger beak wattle, but none so beau- tifully tilted, which gives such a grand and finished appear- ance to a bird. " Good Blues are much more difficult to breed than Black or Dun. If you mate two Blues together yon are liable to get the young ones too much approaching the Dragoon in style (but of course there are exceptions). I last year tried the experiment of matching a Blue cock to a Dun hen, and the result was a Black and a Blue, with a dun cast over the feathers, which moulted out a beautiful clear blue, with bright black bars. It is a great pity that we have not such good Blues, for what could be more handsome than a good lot of bright Blue Carriers with good black bars, the con- trast being so grand ; but, I hope the members of this Soci- ety will do their utmost to raise the standard of Blue and Silver Curriers to that of Black and Dun. " White Carriers are very scarce, and it is a long time since I had the pleasure of seeing a good one, but I do not see why they should not be bred ; also, red and yellow ; and it is, lam certain, only a question of time, and I hope we shall soon be able to see them springing up. We have good Eed and Yellow Barbs, and why should we not have Car- riers the same ? Checkered and Pied I would not encourage, as I do not think they would improve the standard of Car- riers. " With regard to their habits, they are, generally speak- ing, shy birds ; when young they are often good flyers, but when they make up they become unsteady, the weight of their body being too great for the strength of their wings ; therefore, it seems too much trouble for them to fly more than on to their house and down to the ground. They are very pugnacious, and I have seen them fight until covered with blood all over the face, and as keen to renew the en- counter as a game cock. In the loft they are like most other birds, wild, and fly around and around if you attempt to catch them ; but, when constantly handled, they become * It i3 better still to breed from a young bird and a well-developed one paired together ; and in most cases, when Blacks are desired, a young Black with a well-developed Dun ; and, when good Duns are desired, pair a young vigorous Dun with a well-developed Black. t No good Carriers have been shown at leading shows in England, at any rate for the last eight years, of other colors than Black, Dun (which colors are Bynonymous for breeding purposes), Blue and Silver. tame, and I have had them, and been able to walk up to them and catch them, without having any disinclination to be touched. " They are like all other birds, subject to disease, the most prevalent being canker in all its forms, roup, and that often fatal one, going light. For the former many good remedies have been found to cure, namely, if in the mouth, the can- ker being removed and well washed, rub well in burnt alum or some other caustic ; some find one remedy the best, some the others. If in the ear, the following has beeri knowii to cure (but the disease should be attended to in its earliest stage, or if once it gets a firm hold it is most diflicult to kill): Half an ounce of burnt alum, half an ounce of gun- powder, one ounce of honey, a quarter of an ounce of tinc- ture of myrrh, mixed with vinegar until as thick as treacle. Then apply it with a fine camel-hair brush, but the ear should not be poked too much, or else it will bleed, and it only irri- tates the disease. " Carriers have good constitutions, and can endure a great deal of pain if their condition can be kept up. Perhaps the most fatal is their going light, or wasting of flesh, and there are a variety of ideas respecting this disease. Some say it is a kind of consumption, but it is my opinion that it arises from the bird having eaten something that it cannot pass out of the crop without some aid.* I have found a dose of castor oil, given when first the bird shows any signs of drooping, very good, and when this has not efl'ected a cure I have in several instances tried the following, which has cured them with great success: Take the bird and put it in an old stocking to keep him from fluttering ; then take a penknife and cut open the crop at the side; make a hole laro-e enough to squeeze out the corn in the crop, then hold the^incision under a tap and let the crop get inflated with water; hold the bird so that the water will run out of the crop through the incision, and after thoroughly cleansing the crop with water, take a fine needle and thread, and stitch up the crop, being careful not to miss stitching the inner casing. Then give a slight dose of castor oil and some food, such as hemp seed, and in a few days you will see the bird beginning to look up. " X have tried the above, and I may say that when done in time I never knew to fail, and I think it is a guarantee that the disease must be caused by the bird having taken something which cannot pass out of the crop and be di- gested. " Other birds are subject to the same disease, but I have only tried the above on Carriers; and now, gentlemen, we will just take another glance at them. When leaving the nest they are fine raking birds, showing no signs of wattle except a soft silky skin around eye and on the beak, which suddenly seems to crystallize and increase in size, until the bird is five or six years old ; and 1 think it a great pleasure for all Carrier fanciers to watch the steady improvement which the bird makes : and I am certain all those fanciers who have got into the habit of matching and breeding Car- riers look forward every season to produce something better in every point than they have done previously, and I sin- cerely hope that the members of this society who are Carrier fanciers will have the good fortune to produce something at our forthcomiug young bird show, to be held in Septem- ber next, that will' outshine anything yet seen. "Trusting that I have not occupied too much time in reading this paper, and that it may have been instructive to some, I will now leave the Carriers open for your dis- cussion."— The Country. ( The iVote are iij Major John H. Ckyer.) * Opening and washing out the crop often fails, as it needs consuramate care in sewing up the inner membrane, and with the greatest care there is great danger of inflammation. I have treated several pigeons, inclu- ding Carriers, for this disease, and always succeeded without opening the crop, by giving the bird three or four capsules of castor oil, preceded by feeding a stiff paste, made of a mi-Kture of about one-third vegetable charcoal ; the remaining two-thirds being coarse oat-meal and cockle- shells (crushed as fine as pin-beads in a mortar); the mixture beiug salted and a little cayenne pepper added. Make this into a paste by adding a little water and a very little wheat-flour ; roll the paste and dry it in a slow oven, but do not bake it very hard. A cod-liver oil capsule, once a day, is given till the bird gets strong and active. FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 283 SpOF^JSl^AN's DEp/\F^XI^EfJj. LAVARACK SETTERS AND OTHER MATTERS. Mn. Wadk : Bench shows for dogs will be just as popular with the breed- ers of line canines, before another year rolls by, as poultry exhibitions are among the fanciers of the latter class. Every day we hear of new importations of superior field dogs, and I am confident there is material enough, in our city now, to furnish a display of animals that would attract many, and make a success of the undertaking. Thus far in the United States wo have had the Mineola, L. I. bench show, and at about the same time, the exhibition of sporting dogs in connection with the field trial, under the auspices of the Tennessee Sportsmen's Association, at Memphis; three or four displays of dogs in conjunction with poultry, in theWest, and in every case successful. Next week the Kod and Gun Club hold their bench show at Springfield, Mass., and in- vite entries of dogs from other cities. Why should not Philadelphia begin ? There is no better person than yourself to organize such a movement, and you can safely count on support, and rely on hosts of friends. Couple it with a poultry sliow if you desire, but lot us have a start. You are aware there are at jiresent only ten pure Lava- rack setters in the United States, of these nine are owned by Mr. Charles H. Eaymond, of Jkirris Plains, N. J., namely: Pride of the Border, Fairy and Ruby (formerly belonging to Dr. Gautier, of N. Y.), and six whelps two months old out of Fairy by Pride, the seventh of this litter having been sent to our townsman, Mr. Charles S. Westcott, who, I am told, has the only living Gildersleive bitch of the Twaddle Benson branch in his kennel, in wlielj: by Pride of the Border; so you see we are not behind the age in breeding if we are in the exhibition of our stock. I am pleased to notice the growth of your new Kennel Depart- ment in the Fanciers' Jonrnnl, and cannot but feel you have "struck the right vein." Fan. Phil.\delphia, April 'Jii, IST.'S. TRANSPORTING SHAD FRY. Since the attempt to carry shad fry across the ocean, last summer, when we ascertained by this, and simultaneous ex- periments at Noank, the extreme limit of their endurance to be ten days, I have given this subject much thought, and have not yielded to several requests to publish the details of the expedition, together with suggestions or plans for future operations, for the reason that the latter were not well ma- tured. Having notified Forest and Stream that I had two little sketches showing the best method that I could devise to ac- complish the object, they very kindly had them engraved ; and I will here say, if the plan is deemed of sufBcient utility to the United States Fish Commission, or any other parties. to have one made, I will feel well rewarded by the honor of their acceptance. As I have before explained, the fish died of fllarvution. There was no lack of water. The North German Lloyd Steamsliip Co. placed two of the ship's tanks, holding some eight hundred or a thou.sand gallons each, at our Fervice, and brought Croton water across from New York in u lighter to fill them, and Captain Nennaberof the Donau in- structed the carpenters to let no one get water from these tanks but ourselves. The tanks were necessarily in the lowest ]iortion of the ship. They were of iron, lined with cement; and, if the water ever contained the microscopic forms of animal life on which the young shad subsists, they could not exist long confined in the dark. It does not seem to be well known, outside the profession, that we have never been able to feed young shad. I made the attempt on the voyage, by washing beef in water, but they did not eat it; (lerhaps they were too far gone at the time. The shad will take food at three or four days old ; and, if we had planted them in a German river, on the ninth day, it would have looked like a success ; but, in my opinion, it would have been a jiromise kept to the ear, but broken to the hope, for they were so weakened that it is doubtful if they would have recovered even if the river was swarming with food. I have given up hope of feeding, and think we can hatch the eggs at sea, and get them across at a few days old, and the ac- companying cuts will illustrate my idea. Fig 1 is the oxperinn'ntal ' hatcher." 'A is the reservoir, furnished with a cook, B, by which the flow through the rubber pipe, C, is regulated. E is the " hatcher," with a wire-cloth bottom at F. The water enters at D, and strikes a distributer (Fig. 2), H, passes up through the wire on which the eggs lay, and out through the spout, G, which is provided with a strainer. FC;oo Fooo, AnouT which Mr. U. T. Sperry, of Hartford, Conn., the leading breeder and importer of White Polish fowls, writes as follows : Messrs. h. U. Sherwood & Co. Gentlemen : I must say I was decidedly disappointed in your so-called " egg food." The idea contained in the name hinted so strongly of hunibuggery, and the advcrtiDcmcnti read so much like the announcements of now patent medi- cines, that I decided to lot it alone. But when I was told that it was prepared by a well-known chemiHt, whose repu- tation for ability and honesty is never questioned where the gentleman is known, I decided to try it, still holding my doubts as to it.seflicacy ; and here came in my di.«appointment, for my birds, which for a short time had been withholding their egg donations, commenced at once to lay, and continued their well-doing uninterruptedly while I fed them your " egg food." I have given it a thorough trial, and am satisfied it is an excellent article, and will do even more than you claim for it. Yours very truly, H. T. Sperry. P. S- — If you make any use of what I say above, please emphasize the fact that it was unsolicited on j-our part. H. T. S. about eqos hatching unkliuali.y. Editor Fanciers' Journax, : I would be pleased to have you or some one of your many readers to explain the cause of eggs not hatching in due lime, or twenty-one days faithful sitting. I have had them the past two seasons ; that at the end of twenty-three da)-s on examining the eggs, one was transparent, the other had a chick about one-fourth the usual size, after ten days more sitting I found them the same. Eggs were from fine fowls and well mated, it is a mystery to me as it was not on ac- count of cold weather or bad sitting. Light on the subject would be thankfully received. Yours, Manueim, April 5, 1875. J, u_ KuNE. rev. wm. atwood. Friend Wade : I would like to say a word concerning the ways of Rev. Wm. Atwood, of Big Flats, Chemung Oo., N. Y., in dis- posing of his Light and Dark Brabmas. It is not merely an opinion based upon a sale, or the hatching of a sitting of eggs; but, I have had repeated dealings with him, and am not only completely satisfied, but have one bird from him worth to any breeder of Dark Brabmas, more than the .ag- gregate of moneys which I have paid him, and which bird money cannot buy. I have tiiken two first and five special premiums with birds from his yards. Mr. Atwood wa.s an entire stranger to me six months ago. I first saw him and bis birds by accident. It is a pleasure to meet and have dealings with such men. Surely, I am ready to forget my own " little axe," and say to my friends, acquaintances, and all your patrons, if you want something in your yards which will not fail to please you, try some of Atwood's Light or Dark Brabmas. Good birds are scarce, but he has them, and what is more, docs not pick out all the best for himself, and poorest for his customers. Your.^ truly, Geo. S. Josselyn. FREnoNiA, Cu.uiTAi-.ji A (0., N. Y., April 22, 1S75. importation. Friend Wade: T received, April liUh, from Henry Bcldon, per steamer Baltic, one trio of Golden Duckwing Games, of which Mr. Beldon writes : "They are a nice pen, good, positivelj- stylish and good colored birds and right for breeding." Also, by Ihe same steamer, one trio of Goldeu-penciled Uamhurgs, of which he writes: "They are very good, 1 think they can beat anything to-day in your country." Truly vours, Nasuua, N. H., April 21, 1S75. " A. J. TCCK. 286 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. KIND WOKDS FOR THE JOURNAL. J. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : I had been the recipient of a very valuable paper, called the Fanciers' Journal, for some months before it occurred to roe that such a publication required consider- able outlay. I had taken for granted the editor was a good fellow, and a friend to every one, consequently I received the Journal as I should a document from a tract society, praising the philanthropy of the editor, of course. As proof substantial of the benefit derived from said Journal, please find inclosed $5, in payment for two years' subscription. Lrcius Ddnbar. West Bridgewater, Mass., April 23, 1875. TO DESTROY LICE ON FOWLS. I HAVE used kerosene oil for three years, to kill lice on fowls, and I find it a safe and sure remedy for adult fowls. I use a common oiler, with a small vent, and apply a few drops of the oil on the head ; under and on the wings ; and under the tail. If there is but few lice, this is sufficient ; but, if they are numerous, make a thorough application of the oil. For small chicks I use a feather, and apply only one drop in a place. I also use it on the perches, and put a little tobacco or sulphur in their nests, and am seldom troubled with the pests. Yours truly, ZOAR, Mass. W. L. PatnE. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : I have, this day, sold to Mr. Thomas H. Wal- ton, Doylestown, Pa., my entire stock of Malays, including my imported birds. Tours very truly, Hazleton, Pa., April 20, 1875. Eben P. Dat. chanob of name. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: At a meeting of the Meadville Poultry and Columbarian Association, held in March, it was resolved to change the name of the Association, and adopt one of broader scope, owing to the increasing membership from the adjoin- ing counties. This organization will hereafter be known as the North- Western Pennsylvania Poultry Association, and the following officers were chosen for the ensuing year : President— B.. W. Eeynolds, Meadville. Vice-Presidents — Stephen Kossiter, Meadville; E. T. M. Simmons, Oil City. Treasurer — Jas. M. Lambing, Parker's Landing. Secretary — A. McLaren, Meadville. Executive Committee — All of the above, and the following eight members: A. Merrill, P. Pearsall, H. Bradfleld, P. Metzgar, of Meadville; Geo. Shearer, J, C. Harris, of Ve- nango ; P. L. Ticknor, Conneautville ; W. T. Bell, Franklin. Meadville, Pa., April 17, 1875. NEW SOCIETY. We are in receipt of the constitution and by-laws of the " New Brunswick Poultry Association," which was organ- ized April 2, 1875, with the following list of officers : President — W. L. Pitcaithly. Vice-President — John Magee. Treasurer — Richard Thompson. Secretary — Edmund S. Kaye. Directors — President, Vice-President, and Treasurer, William Magee, A. Chapman Smith, J. I. Fellows, T. H. Hall, E. L. Thome, Stephen S. Hall, J. E. Armstrong, F. A. King, Jos. Prichard, Jr., T. W. Daniel, and two to be appointed. CORRECTION. Please correct the statement in last Journal, where either your typos or my bad writing made me say Mr. Mor- decai's loft was not heated, when I meant it was heated same as Mr. Gaddes' loft. Yours, G. O. B. Sffly^LL Pej Depy^f^TiviEfJj AND TOUNQ FOLK'S CORNER. .8®* All communications and contributions intended for this depart- ment should be addressed to HOWARD I. IRELAND, Camden, N. J. (For Fanciers' Journal.) WHITE RATS. White rats are seldom kept as pets, and are quite scarce in this country. A white rat is occasionally seen in a barn, or caught in a trap ; but the domesticated white rat is com- paratively scarce. There is no good reason for this, as they are rapid breeders and make quite nice pets. A few sorry looking specimens are seen on the organs and stands of street "bird trainers," where they perform a few simple tricks. White rats are believed to be albinos of the common rat; and the variety has been perpetuated by mating the albinos together. By this means it would take but a few genera- tions to establish a white variety of rat, which would breed true to color. Like the generality of albinos, the white rat has red eyes. A small dry goods box, with wire netting over the open side, and a starch box in one corner for a sleeping box, makes a good cage for white rats. Feed them principally on corn, crackers, bread, etc., and give them milk occasion- ally to drink. Clean the cage at least twice a week, and put clean cotton in the sleeping box. They multiply rapidly. They can be trained easily, and soon learn to know their master's footsteps ; and if they are fed regularly, will utter squeaks of delight when breeding time approaches and their master's step is heard. They can be handled without fear of their biting, and if properly trained, will perform many pleasing tricks. They mix readily with the common rat, the progeny being generally " pied." If a black rat could be obtained and placed in a cage of white ones, I have no doubt but that a beautifully "pied," black and white rat could be obtained. (?) (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE GUINEA PIG. The domestic guinea pig came originally from Guiana ; this name has been corrupted into guinea, hence the first part of its name — guinea. It belongs to the Rodentia, or gnawing animals, but from the fancied resemblance it bears to the pig, the name of guinea pig has been given to it. The body of the guinea pig is short and thick ; the legs short ; the head and nose somewhat resembling those of a rabbit ; the ears are transparent ; the teeth are similar to those of the rat. The color of the guinea pig is varied ; black, white, and yellow, irregularly arranged, being the most common. Entirely white specimens are rare and command a large price. Guinea pigs are among the most productive of all animals. They will breed at the age of six weeks, though their full PANCIBES' JOUKNAL AND POULTEY BXCHANGB. 287 growth is not roacliod till sovon or eight months. The female goes sixty-three days with young. Two young ones are generally the extent of the first litter, the number increas- ing till, in her prime, twelve is sometimes born to a litter. Though the female has only two mammie, she supplies all luir young willi lui abundance of milk ; she weans her young at the ago of twelve days. The young are born with their eyes open and are able to frisk about as gaily as the old ones, a short time after they are born. The guinea jiig lacks attachment for her young, and will permit them to be abused or even killed without acting at all in their defense or concerning herself in the least. The males often have fierce conflicts among them.selves, though they will scarcely defend themselves against the attacks of other animals. A few years ago it was asserted that guinea pigs would drive away rats, and every rabbit fancier had a pair of guinea pigs in his rabbitry ; but the theory has since exploded, and proved to be the dodge of some cunning fancier to sell his surplus stock of guinea pigs- They are very susceptible to cold and damp, and should be kept in a warm and dry place. They keep themselves very clean, and the bettor part of their lives is spent in cleaning and smoothing one anothors coats. They drink but little and when supplied with sufficient green food, not at all. When they are fed at regular intervals, they will utter loud squeaks when the time approaches and the step of the keeper is heard. Hutches similar to those used for rabbits are the best in which to keep guinea pigs. The males can be kept in the same hutch with the female without fear of his eating the young. The same food with which rabbits are fed will answer for them. Milk, if given occasionally, is beneficial. Guinea pigs are less liable to disease than most any other animal, if kept in a warm, dry place. ADTERTISEIUtENTS From reliable parties, on any suliject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of'about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), eacli number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will bk made on PKOMrx Payments. For three months, 12^ per cent, discount. *' six months, 26 " " " nine months, S7J^ '* " " twelve months, 50 " " CIIANOED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charj^e for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve montlis, quarterly iu advance, or on presenta- tiI.,MAN, Westerley, K. I., will exchange one trio of <_rulden-Spangl<-d l't>hirids, for one trio Brown or Black Leghorns, White Ilamburgs, or .S. P. Haniburgs. Must be the best. Apply soon. C. T. G. CHACE, iOr, Franklin St., N. Y., will give eggs from W. C. B. Pulands, won prizes at Boston, and from imported stock, lor W. Leg- horn eggs, etc., for S. S. Hamburg and Crevecceur hens. C. T. «. CUACE, 2Ui; Franklin Street, N. Y., will exchange one nice Cocker Spaniel slut, pure breed, for pigeons, S. S. Hamburg bens; one cockerel each, S. S. Hamburg, W. Leghorns, pigeons, etc. M. * W. TREGO, Dolington, Bucks County, Pa., will exchange one pair Calcutta Fantails,one pair of Snells, two Kunl hens, one pair of Black Tumblers, and a Red Owl hen — for a Silver Duckwing Bantam cock, or for Gray English Babbits. E. S. DEMMON, Fitchbiirg, Mass., will exchange (if called for soon) two Aylesbury drakes of No. 1 " points," Aylesbury Duck eggs, or crushed oyster shells— for Rabbits, Sheep, While Fantails; Turkey, Cay- uga Duck, or Geese eggs. G. W. DICKINSON, Warren, Ohio, will exchange for Black B. R. Game Bantams, BuH' Cochins, Earl Derbv Game, one Red Pvie Game Bantam pullet, one White tl.irae pullet ; or, BulT eggs for B. B. K. Game Bant.am eggs. Stock first-class, and should exjiect same in return. JOSHUA BOWERS, .Morrow Street. Wdminglon, Del., has Iwo White Fantail bens, on.' l:la. k .Tacobiii hen, one R.hI B.arb hen to ex- change for one good Blue Carrier ben. His are good birds, and a good bird expected in exchange. CHAS. A. KEFFER, No. P227 Chestnut Street. Reading, Pa., will exehaugc good Tumbler Pigeons for a small Printing Press and numbers of the Illustrated Book of Pigeons, W. F. MUCHMORE, Box 92, Basking Ridge.N. J.^hasa Tariely of articles to exchange for fowls, eggs, merchandi! "" " " ,'ctc. WhatofTersf W. F. SIVCHHORE, change the pest of the farnu Brown Leghorn eggs. Box 92, Basking Ridge, N. J., has lo ex- r and fancier, nicely mounted, for fowb or Excf1/\rJqES. W. F. HCCHMORE, Box 92, Basking Ridge. N. J., has a Veloci- pede that cost SUO when new to exchange for fowls, merchandise, etc. What oilers ! ED'WARD T. M. SI.V.VONS, Oil Cilv, Pa.— Brown Leghorns for Bantams. I will exchange two trios Brown Leghorns for Bantams of any kind. Golden or Silver Sebrights preferred. Leghorns are good. H. N. IVHEELER * CO., Mysllc River, Conn., will exchange two Brown China ganders, very fine, for B. K. G. Bantam pullets, or Buff Cochin cockerel, or Fancy Pigeons. S. P. BITEI.AS, 170 Dyer St., Providence, R. I., has for exchange one Pekin drake, and one .Vylesbury duck. What offers? «9-At>VERTiSF.MENTS IN THIS Coi.i'MS, OF FivE LiNES. OR FORTY- ' Q. W. HIJBI.EV, Y.>rk. P:i., will exchange for Bantams of any EuinT WoKDS, DKSCRiuiNQ AND OFKEIUNG tOT excliaiijfo oiil}", ' variety, trios of Black Spanish, White Leghorns, and S. S. Haniburgs, nE ALLOWED AT 25 CENTS FOK E.VCII AND EVERY INSERTION. each, ond pr ck Spa .... Rantam eggs, any variety. Ef^gs from seo- lisli, While Legirorns, or S. S. Hambiirgs, rabbits, pigeons, ■ Yellow Barbs, ' E. H. TW.\DDEI.E, West Philadelphia, will exchange a Jersey Bull Calf, from bis own iiuportatiod, for Fancy pigeons, Game Bantanu, ' Dominiques, Plymouth Rocks. What other offers ? 288 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. C. T. G, CHACE, 206 Franklin St.. K Y. City, needs some pigeons of auy kind to assort up witli a new loft ; Carriers, Tnrbits, Owls, Swal- lows, Tumblers, Pouters, Jacobins, Fans, Priests, etc. Will give in trade W. Leghoru, Black Spanish, W. C. B. Poland, and "VV. C. W. Poland eggs. A-No.-l stock; mine are, and wish no other. W, AXIiEE BURPEE, 1332 Arch Street, Philadelphia, wants first-class Brown Leghorn hen or pullets in exchange for eggs from his prize stock, or choice Fancy Pigeons. Hens must be A-No.-l. ». Z. E VABTS, Jr., Town Point, Cecil County, Md., will exchange D. and L. Brahmas, and P. Cochin eggs now, and fowls of these, and Aylesbury ducks, BuffCochins, and Bronze Turkeys in fall, for G. S. S. and S. S. S. Bantams, Fancy pigeons, Lop-eared rabbits, Pekin duck eggs, or merchandise. H. F. ANDREWS, Strasburg, Pa., will exchange an American Knitting Machine, for which he paid §32 ; It has two cylinders, for coarse and fine work. Also, printed instruction for usingit — for Fancy pigeons ; none but good birds wanted. What offers? BOX 63a, BOSTON P. O., will exchange B. Red Game Bantam cock, two years old, 1st as chick, 2d as fowl, Boston, 1874 and 1875. Also, cockerel from above — for two Black Red or Silver Duckwing Game Ban- tam hens or pullets; must be good birds. A. AVITZEE, Room No. 16, Keeler Block, Rochester, N. T., will ex- change one pair Silver Duckwing G. Bantams, one White Game Bantam hen, one Black B. R. Game Bantam cockerel, two sittings of S. D. G. Ban- tam eggs — for one pair Blue-winged Turbits with black bars, and one pair of Black Game Bantams. Must be good birds, as mine are. E. BC. HERO,- Milford, Mass., has to exchange Black-wing Tur- bits, Red Carrier, Black Nun hens, solid Black Turbit, Black Baldhead, Silver-mottled Baldhead', Red Barb cocks. Blue Antwerp, Tumblers, Ruffs, Barbs, Fans, and Trumpeters — for Yellow-wing Turbits, Black- wing Turbit cocks, White Fans, and solid Black Turbit hens. WM. P. COEVIN, Wolcott, N. Y., wants five White Leghorn pullets, for which he will give five Buff Cochin pullets (S. Merry's strain), and one imported Buff cockerel. Stock must be first-class as mine are. F. M. HEBRON, Indianapolis, Ind., will exchange a thoroughbred Brown Spaniel pup, nine months old, never been trained, imported from Canada, value ^0 (not having sufficient time to train him properly)— for fancy fowls. What offers ? E. T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Y'ards, Oil City, Pa., will exchange twenty pairs of B. B. R. Game Bantams for Golden, Silver, or White Polands. Must be first-class stock, nothing else wanted ; the same will be given. E. T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa., will exchange a new Corn-Sheller, cost S12.50. What have you got to offer for it? Will deliver it free of freight charges. Speak quick|! FANCIER, Box 314, Worcester, Mass., will exchange two nairs of Light Brahmas, extra fine, cocks weigh 10 and 11 lbs. each, pullets are large and finely marked (P. Williams' stock); one pair White Leghorns (Smith's stock)— for a good lined robe, cutlery, silverware, etc. FANCIER, Box 314, Worcester, Mass., will exchange Eggs for hatch- ing from a choice yard of Brown Leghorns (Muler's strain)— for a solid gold ring, size % in. across inside, or other articles. FOR EXCHANGE.— One pair G. S. Hamburgs, one pair G. P Hamburgs, one pair Aylesbury Ducks; one pair Mallard Ducks, three pairs S. S. Crested Polands, two pairs G. S. Crested Polands, one pair White Leghorns, two trios S. S. B. Bantams, two trios G. S. B. Bantams, Lop-eared, Angora, Himalayan, and Dutch Rabbits. The above are all premium stock. Will exchange for Dark Brahmas Partridge Cochins, Turbits, Jacobins, Fantails, or other Fancy Pigeons. What offers? Address JOHN F, HOUSER, Box 233, Taraaqua, Pa. TO EXCHANGE.— Eggs for hatching from a choice stock of Par- tridge Cochins or Plymouth Rocks, for Italian Queen Bees. C. J. ANORUSS, Canandaigua, N. Y. Want ED. WANTED W. Atlee Burpee, 1332 Arch Street, Philadelphia, wants Brown Leghorn hens or pullets; must be first-class. Send full particu- lars immediately. WANTED.— One Black, or Dun Carrier hen. Dun preferred; must be first-class. Give price and description. PETER LEPP, East Saginaw, Mich. liON HARDMAN, St. Joseph, Mo., wants an offer for one pair of S. S. Polands (smooth neck), good birds. Also, for five or six pairs of live Quail. Pigeons or Game Bantams preferred. Who speaketh firstly ? WANTED IMMEDIATELY.— White Golden and Silver Po- lands, ten birds each ; must be extra good. EDWARD T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City, Pa. WANTED.— One cockerel and six pullets Golden Sebrights. Extra good birds. E. T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa. WANTED.— One cockerel and six pullets Red Pyle Game Bantam Extra good birds. E, T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa. WANTED.— One Black, or Dun Carrier hen, for which I will give one pair first-class Red Barbs, worth $12, one Blue Pied Pouter cock, 17 inches in length, good leg, heavy booted, worth S15; Carrier must be first- class. PETER LEPP, East Saginaw, Mich. WANTED, — One cockerel and six pullets White Pyle Game Ban- tams. Extra good birds. E.T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa. WANTED.— Six Silver Duckwing Game Bantam pullets. Extra good birds. E. T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa. WANTED Six Brown B. R. Game Bantam pullets. Extra good birds. E. T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa. WANTED. — One thousand fanciers to send for ray Illustrated Cat- alogue and Price List. No stamp required. Write address plain. E. T. M. SIMMONS, Oil City Poultry Yards, Oil City, Pa. FOR A CLUTCH OF FIEST-CLASS BROWN LEGHORN 5 for hatching (price, S3), send your order to Dr. a. M. DICKIE, Doylestown, Pa. BARH BRAHMA COCKEREE. Some time ago we purchased an exceedingly fine Dark Brahma cock- erel, from Philander Williams, for $30; but, having no use for him, ■will sell for $20 cash. He is not large, but very fine in form, with evenly speckled breast. Address JOS. M. AVADE, 39 N. Ninth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. MINNESOTA ! Light Brahmas, Dark Brah- mas, Buff Cochins, White Cocliins, Black Cochins, Par- tridge Cochins, White Leg- horns, Brown Leghorns,Ply- mouth Rocks, G. S. Ham- burgs, S.S.Hamburgs.Games, Game Bantams, etc. Eggs, S3 per sitting (13) ; 2 sittings, 35 ; packing perfect. FRESH EGGS FROM CHOICE STOCK. Our stock is very choice, and has won wherever exhibit- ed. We have also purchased some very high-class Black, White, and Buff Cochins, Light, and Dark Brahmas of choicest pedigree strains, one pen of each, from which we can spare a very few eggs at S5 per sitting (13). Our entire stock is made up of birds which will bear comparison with any in the West, and our pedigree stock comprises fowls of large value ; winners at Buffalo, Hartford, and other large shows, the progeny of some of them hatched the past season, commanding from S50 to $75 per trio, and upwards. Our White Cochins for instance, include birds from John J. Berry, of New Jersey, whom Philander Williams publicly states to be the " strongest man in White Cochins in this country." Our best breed- ing cock is own brother to Berry's celebrated " Champion," and is him- self a magnificent bird. Our yards also contain (both in the pedigreed and not pedigreed pens), representatives of the strains of Felch, Wil- liams, Smith, Kinney, Bicknell,Goodale, Allen, and other noted breeders of specialties. A, FEW FOWLS FOR SJLT^E. REEVE & BACHELLER, Minneapolis, Minn. 1VHITE-CREISTE1> BLACK POEISH A SPECIALTY. Received 1st and special premiums at the Massachusetts and Rhode Island State Poultry Exhibitions, in 1875 ; 1st at New England Poultry Club and special for best collection. Choice trios for sale. Eggs in season. Address E. HARTSHORN & SONS, IS Blackstone St., Boston. HA9IBURO EOGS. G. S. Hamburg, S. S. Hamburg, Black Hamburg, and Dominique Leg- horn, at $2 per sitting of thirteen ; three sittings, $5. One trio of each for sale. CHAS. SELSER, Doylestown, Pa. EGGS FOR HATCHING. From superior Buff and Partridge Cochins, Houdans and Black-Breasted Red Game Bantams. Eggs from either the above, S3 per thirteen. C. W. REINEKING, New Albany, Ind. FOR SAEE.— Twenty pairs White Fantails, at from $2 to S3 per pair; also, two pairs Pea Fowls, at $lo per pair. D. E. NEWELL, foot West 19th St., New York City, BREEDER AND SUIPPER OF HIGH-CLASS POULTRY, Winuers of twenty premiums since September, 1S74. EGGS FOR HATCHING! LIGHT BRAHMAS, PEKIN DUCKS, PABTEIDGE COCHINS, AYLESBURY DUCKS, PLYMOUTH ROCKS, ROUEN DUCKS, BROWN LEGHORNS, CAYUGA DUCKS. GRAY CALL DUCKS. Can spare a few trios Light Brahma and Plymouth Rock chicks; one trio White Muscovy Ducks, 1st premium birds at Massachusetts Poultry Fair, 1875, and a few pairs Ring Doves for sale. Send stamp. WEST BRIDGEWATER, MASS. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, MAY 13, 1875. No. 19. MATTERS OF INTEREST IN THE LOCALITY OF HONEOYE FALLS. A RBOENT and nocpssHrily elmrt visit to tlic fish-breeding establislimcnt of Mr. Fred. Miitlier was full of interest. In company with a mutual friend, who assured me of an enter- taining visit, I called on Mr. M. and found him working] like a beaver, although but just returned from an exhaust- ive profe-ssionnl trip to Europe. On being introduced to him as one who took an interest in angling and kindred pursuits, Mr. Mather's ine.xhaustiblo store of information and entertainment was freely drawn on to make the visit of your correspondent agreeable. To say that the effort was successful would bo superfluous. After a discussion of the various themes that sportsmen so delight to dwell on, an invitation to view the trout and other ponds was gladly accejited ; and, after a few moments' walk through the grounds adjoining the dwelling, my vision was greeted with a sight to stir the blood of a less enthusiastic sportsman than the writer; for, disporting in the crystal water of the pond, at my foet. was a school of H9 beautiful brook trout as ever rose to fly ; and, a few yards away, in another pond a fine collection of the, if possible, still more graceful Michigan grayling. Of the beauties of this latter fish, with its great iridescent dorsal fin "stream- ing like meteor" it becomes me to say nothing. To "gild refined gold, paint the lily," etc., would be less ridiculous. After gazing as lo.lg as the briet time at my command would permit at the ever-varying tints of these beauties of the deep, I accompanied Mr. M. to the source of the stream that supplies bis ponds, where he told me ho thought I would see a sight not vouchsafed to mortals every day, viz. : a semi-domesticated Wilson's snipe so tame as to admit of one approaching to within a few feet, and seeing it secure its food with the aid of that long bill, whose note is such musi- cal discord on the marsh about this time. His snipeship was on hand, as little unconcerned at our proximity as if I he blood of his kindred had not oft and many a time dyed the hands of his interviewer. I must be brief nor tell all I paw that afternoon, but rest content with advising all who would pass a pleasant day to see the collection of rich and rare things that Mr. Fred. Mather has for the delectation of his friends. Hanswagqlek. He Bkgan it. — A dog was accidentally present during divine service in a Scotch church, where the minister was in the habit of speaking very loud in the sermon, and, in fact, when he got warmed with his subject, of shouting al- most at the top of his voice. The dog, who in the early part had been very quiet, became quite excited, as is not uncommon with some dogs when hearing a noise ; and from whining and whining, as the speaker's voice rose loud and strong, at last beganto bark and howt. The minister, nat- urally much annoyed at the interruption, called upon the beadle to put out the dog; and he at once expressed his readiness to obej' the order, but could not resist the tempta- tion to look up to the pulpit, and to say, very significantly : "Ay, ay, sir; but indeed it was yoursel' began it." PodLjF^Y DEr^f\T^'E^lT■ WILD GEESE IN THE WEST. Mitch cunning is exhibited by these birds in localities where they are frequently disturbed. We have often seen them in the great swamps of the Bureau Valley, along the Illinois, come in about dark, when it was just too late to draw sight, noiselessly stealing along so as to evade the random shot of the hunter returning to camp after a long day's work. So attached are they to their old grounds, and so liable to be pursued at night by reckless adventurers, that after a few warnings they baflSe the most intelligent. Should their line of entry be discovered to-night, as they come across the marsh from the south, to-morrow night, if you watch, you may hear the vibration of their wings as they pass over the timber to the north, in their approach to the old rice pond or open water of the big slough. Upon all other occasions, and also when disturbed, they exhibit their usual propensity to indulge in gabble and goose talk. The most prominent among the varieties in the West is the Canada goose. The next, and existing in great num- bers, is the white-fronted or laughing goose, called by many "brant." Of the regular brent-goose we have but few. We killed one out of a flock in the Illinois River, in 18i>0, on a sand-bar, and believe it is the only flock we ever saw in that valley. The brent-goose is about half the size of the Canada variety, and is about two-thirds as large as the white-fronted, mottled, or laughing goose. But in the ab- sence of the regular brent-goose, the mottled bird known as the laughing goose carries the name of brant. And brant it is so far as the average shooter is informed ; for few of them have ever seen a brent goose — and this is the only bird which, to their knowledge, ever bore the name. These .same fellows call a partridge a pheasant, and an £nglish snipe a woodcock. It is amusing to watch a flock of laughing-geese as Ihey approach a favorite foeding-ground or resting place. They come first in the regular acute-angle line of flight ; suddenly they break ranks, and with one accord the whole flock begins a series of evolutions, tumbling and turning high in air, and then descending in a most comical and irregular man- ner, to the amusement of the observer, all the while indulg- 294 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. ing in a jabber more resembling the merry laughter of a bevy of school-girls than anything else, from which peculi- arity they receive their name. As a table bird it is highly esteemed, and is generally preferred to the Canada goose. In point of numbers it exceeds the latter in this locality, while in other parts the ratio is reversed. They visit the West in March and April, on their regular migrations to the lakes and bays of Northern Minnesota, the British po.s- sessions and Labrador, remaining with us sometimes as late as May in small detachments. Many are killed before they reach their northern breeding-grounds. After raising the usual brood, and replenishing their thinned ranks, they gather for the autumnal return flight, and in October we see them wending their way to their old and favorite haunts, until the cold weather drives them southward to the great marshes of Arkansas and the Lower Mississippi. As they pass north in March, generally before a southerly gale, which carries them along with little appa- rent effort, their coming is welcomed as a harbinger of re- turning Spring. They come, too, in large numbers, ac- companied by all the usual varieties of water-fowl in even greater profusion. — Harper's Magazine. (For Fanciers' Journal.) EGG BOXES. ALTHOuaH it is getting rather late in the season, I should like to hear from breeders as to the proper size of boxes, and best materials for packing. I use boxes made of bass- wood, 12J inches long, 5 inches deep, 7 inches wide (inside measure), for one dozen. I put on a leatlier strap for a handle, and rubber springs or hay cushion on the bottom. I mark on the top with a stencil-plate, "eggs for sitting"- — "with care;" and "eggs" on each side. I pack in hay, wrap each egg in paper, and pack the large end down, un- less ordered differently. I sometimes use pasteboard racks, but I do not know it is any improvement. Let us hear from others. I have bought eggs that came in boxes marked "soap " and " starch," etc. ; no handle or springs, and not half-packed at that. If you use old boxes, just plane off the marks,' and put on a handle. Eggs will hatch well if good and well packed. John G. McKeen. South Acwokth, N. H. (For Fanciers' Journal.) PARTRIDGE COCHINS. The Partridge Cochin is a fowl that must be bred to size and color, since size and color are the chief characteristics of this class of fowls. A nicely-shaped and correctly-plu- maged bird are all important to success. A massive, dumpty fowl, although of brilliant plumage, but straight and lumpy on the back, or scantily feathered on the legs or thighs, cannot win with a judge of taste. These defects may be cured by proper mating. It is no easy matter to perpetuate the exact colors in all the respective parts of the fowl, and as color is one of the most desirable things to attain, I should, in making up my breeding stock, select a cock that is black in the thighs, breast and tail, with bright red hackle and saddle which should not be light, but very darkly striped, dark red back, and bright well-defined bar on the wing. I should not care so much for a very large bird if the hens are of good size ; but, I should want him short-backed, slightly arched in the neck, so as to correspond with the tail which should rise out of a thick cushion or covert. The breast should be full, the feathering running straight to the knee and giving the bird a very uniform peg-to2'> appearance. I have had the honor of acting as judge at a number of our poultry exhibitions this last winter, and have been surprised at the great disparagement between the male and female birds of this class of fowl. How it was possible to breed pullets so universally alike and imperfect in color and markings, and cockerels so generally alike in perfectibility of plumage is more than I can account for. If such male birds were produced from such imperfect miserable specimens of fe- male birds, I must confess that my knowledge of the laws of mating and breeding is very limited, and that all my experi- ence is good for naught, and I must begin again bj' a com- plete reversal of such laws. Is it possible that such splendid male birds, that I saw at these several exhibitions, were bred from such imperfect hens — such red and clay-colored breasts with pencil marks as dark and black as those on the Dark Brahma ? My idea of a Partridge Cochin hen is that she should be well feathered, large in frame, a full rising cushion, very small comb and head, with a rich gold-colored hackle densely striped in the middle with black, and the body even to the fluff of the thigh, distinctly penciled with very dark brown on a much lighter ground, crescent-shaped, the pencil- ings following the outline of the feathers. According to the old English standard the feathers on the wings and sides should show shafts of a nice creamy white, forming a white streak down the centre of each feather. The English fanciers of the present day, however, have shown a decided objection to this kind of marking. I never fancied it myself, and believe that the white shaft birds breed poor cockerels. In breeding cockerels I have always selected grouse-colored hens, and from these dark plumaged birds, mated with brilliant plumaged cocks, bred better marked cockerels than when mated with lighter, more brilliant plumaged hens. In a very high class of hens the markings or pencilings in the breast, back, and sides, should be nearly alike. The purer the brown in color for the base, the higher the standard of the bird, and the nearer it approaches to the red, dusty-clay color, the less it approximates to the standard of perfection ; or, just in the ratio as the color of the hen recedes from the true color, is the fowl to be judged, and the more dull and cloudy the color, and minute and indistinct the markings, the greater its condemnation. I can account in no other way for these red and clouded fowls than the blending of too many strains the blood of which is incompatible. Those fanciers who buy up fowls from various breeders expressly for exhibition purposes, regardless of every other purpose than to win, are more apt to breed such mongrels than one who has bred his own birds and kept his strains distinct. You can breed Cochins for four or five years without any perceptible deterioration of blood. It is often asserted that this variety of fowl breeds very true ; my experience is that they require quite as much skill in mating as the Dark Brahmas, and you should select your stock for breeding pullets and for breeding cockerels. Gkeenville, n. J. Isaac Van Winkle. (For Fanciers' Journal.) CRAMP, NOT LEG-WEAKNESS. Judging from Mr. Church's description of the ailment of his Light Brahma chicks, they are affected with cramp, and not leg-weakness, as he supposes. In speaking of this mal- ady in his " BrahniaEowl, "Wright says : " Almost the only FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 295 nilment Brahma chicks are subject to is cramp in the feet. Mere cold is seldom the reason of this, but damp ground will almost, always cause it in a portion of ovnry brood until tlin weather becomes mild — though the offspring of adult birds are loss subject to it. The chicks look perfectly well, until some of them are observed with a tendency to close the claws as though roosting, and this increases until the poor little wretch has to walk upon its knuckles in a man- ner painful to witness. Milk and honc-dust, with meat, once a day, will guard against it in a measure; but, in bad weather, in February or March, some cases will bo sure to occur, unless the breeder has a shed floored with perfectly dry dust or earth, in which case ho will not be troubled unless his stock is weakly. Even bad cases can be cured. The treatment is to provide a cage near enough to the fire to be comfortably warm, well furnished with dry ashes, and to remove the chicks to it, only restoring them to the hen when she is brought in at night. They are to be fed as usual, and five or six times a day; must be taken out and their feet bathed in warm water, opening out the claws to the natural position under the water, and keeping them so for about a minute, when the chick must be put back in the cage. When it begins to recover, it may now and then be left with the hen for an hour or two, on sunny days, but not iu bad weather until perfectly well. Much patience may bo required ; and we have had chicks which needed a fortnight's treatment ere they wore quite restored; but we never had one case we did not conquer at last, unless the chick had been left for many days before treatment was commenced. Mrs. Brodt's description of the disease with which her hens are affected is hardly definite enough to enable any one to form a correct opinion of the malady. Possibly it is roup. I should recommend treatment as described by Dr. Munroo in Fanciers' Journal, Vol. I. W. E. Flower. (For Fanciers' Journal.) IMPROVED "SHARPIESS" CHICKEN COOP. Herk is a sketch, faulty in perspective, but your artist can put it into shape, if it is worth it, of an improved " Sharplcss " coop, for young chickens. I am not a car- penter, but can build one of those coops in a few hours, and have some that have been in use for five years, and they are good for another five years. Take ten to twelve-inch boards, pinned on one side, and tongued and grooved; cut two lengths of thirty-four inches each ; join and nail to a cross-piece, \l x 1 inch, placed one inch from the bottom ; then cut two lengths of thirty-five inches each, and join and nail as above ; jack-plane off the exposed tongues, and use thoie edges for the front of the coop ; nail the upper ends firmly together at a little leu than a right angle ; nail a bar 2x1 inch across the bottom edge of the front, then a similar one half way up the front, both let in flush ; nail half-inch galvanized wire netting to upper half of front (I bought enough for eight coops all cut to fit, for eighty-five cent'*) ; slat the lower half, leaving middle slat unveiled for a door; fit short pieces of lath be- tween the slats on both bars ; screw two T strap binges to lower bar, then nail a hith along over this so as to cover the hinge heads and give finish. Same across upper bar and edges. Pit a board to the front as far up as the middle bar, and fasten the straps or hinges to it ; put an eye to the edge of this board, and a hook to correspond upon the body of the coop, so that the board may bo closed up and fastened at night or in wet weather, when no vermin can get in or chicken get niif, while their will be plenty of light and air. Put a tight back to it. I have a rough-board platform extending one inch beyond the back and sides of the coop to place them upon in wet weather, or when the hens dig out. FOWLS KEPT FOR EGGS. In your paper of March 2.5, page 183, W. N. W. wishes information as to why bis fowls do not lay. I have been a breeder of fowls for r|uite a number of years and have taken much interest in it, breeding almost every kind of fowls known in the "American Standard." But my object in breeding was different from that of W. N. W. ; I bred mine for exhibition ; he for eggs alone. But in breeding I carefully studied the qualities of my birds and found, as a general rule, that light and bright thorough-bred birds laid the most eggs. This I have noticed more particularly in Games. The red colored fowls, such as Black-reds, Duck- wings, Blue-reds, Pyles and Whites, lay more eggs than Brown-reds, Ginger-reds, Blues, Blacks, etc., which are dark colored. As far as my experience goes in regard to breeds (providing they can have proper care and a suitable place), I should prefer the Leghorns, either Brown or White, where eggs alone are wanted ; but where eggs and poultry are both .sought after, to be combined in one variety, the Plymouth Kock stands far ahead in my experience; but where eggs are wanted, regardless of anything el.re disnstrous than the llrst. In some cases tlio fancy lias ij;rown so fascinating tliut it cannot bo abandoned oven yet, and money is borrowed to put tlicni over anotlicr year; and they wait in liope from year to year, still lioping for the competency that never comes. Most new beginners buy, we will say, a Dark Brahma coclv from one brooder and hens from another; and with a great flourish announce through the advertising columns of some poultry journal that their stock is from such and such yards; hens and cocks not akin, and consequently not in- bred. This crossing ignorantly of distinct strains of blood has ruined more Dark Brahnias in this country than all other causes combined. Last fall I saw at a county fair, a breeder whoso stock had all been crossed as above and had all been totally ruined in consequence. His prices were low, and the fact that he could say that his stock was from Herstine and others would lead many to suppose the stock would of necessity be first- class. From such breeders as this one, many beginners would get their stock from its cheapness, and the strains from which it was derived. To those who contemplate going into the poultry business, I would say buy all the poultry books you can ; read and study them, as well as all reliable poultry journals ; make yourself as well informed as you can by these means, and also by attending all poul- try shows possible. Do all this before you invest a cent in fowls. Then get some one who is a good judge to select your breeding stock. Do not be afraid to pay a good price for good birds, but do not pay a high price for a pedigree. I know a breeder who sells a great many fowls, strange to say, he raises very few. His breeding stock is, I see, registered. Will he sell as pedigree birds those he picks up in different yards? Said breeder does not live in Massachusetts; that Slate and Connecticut have enough to answer for as the homo of this " pedigree nonsense," without leaving it to be inferred that all the pedigree birds come from there. I am a breeder myself, I have seen my birds improve from year to year ; but, I know that myself and many others would have been richer to-day had we never owned a Brah- ma, or a Cochin, or any other breed of so-called fancy poul- try. The improvement of domestic poultry is a great work. The successful breeders are few. I always regret to see men of limited means, or really almost no means or no qualifica- tions for the business, embark in it with the erroneous idea, that they are on the high road to fortune and fame. VlXDEX. iqEO[^ DEpA^F\J|VIEfIj. match on May 6th, and some of the birds were making good time ; but on Saturday, May Ist, they met with a lioriouB accident, with all th(! birds they were training, except one. The train in which tlic^y sent their birds did not stop at the Junction, and while sliding the basket off on to the plat- form, for the gentleman to toss them, the basket, striking the platform and bouncing back, fell between the cars, kill- ing and wounding all the birds except two, which arrived homo in very bad condition. Only having a day or two to train our other birds in, we only sent them once to the place before the race came oft". The weather was very bad, and the time the birds made was also bad, owing to their being untrained, and had weather. Only five birds were entered for the race, on account of losing the birds by the accident. First bird, to.ssed at 11.40, arrived home 4.14; entirod by R. Grist. Second bird, tossed at 11.55, arrived home at 3.20; entered by T. Grist. Third bird, tossed at 12.10, arrived home 3.12J ; entered by A. C. Gohr. Fourth bird, tossed at 12.20, arrived home 3.10; en- tered by John J. Strine, Baltimore. Fifth bird, tossed at 12.35, arrived home, 4. .52; entered by J. Grist. First prize won by J. Strine, Baltimore; second prize by A. C. Gohr; third prize by Mr. T. Grist. Mr. John Van Opstal, of New York, and Mr. T. Grist, of Philadelphia, stamped and tossed the birds at Monmouth Junction. Mr. Tassett and Mr. R. Grist timed the birds on their arrival. T. Grist, May 7th, 1S73. Pres. Philada., No 1, Homing Pigeon Society. FLYING MATCH. Mr. Joseph M. Wadk : The "Philadelphia, No. 1, Homing Pigeon Society " was training their birds from Monmouth Junction for their (For Fanciers' Journal.) POISONED PIGEONS. Friend Wadk : I want to mention a rather strange elTect upon my Black Balds. Yesterday, about 5 p.m., I gave the birds (of which there was forty-seven in all) a handful of hemp seed, and shortly afterwards filled up their bin of salt. I then went up stairs into the large loft, and when I returned to the lower coop, a friend called mj' attention to the strange man- ner in which three or four of the bii'ds were acting. They seemed to be seized with an awful amount of heaving up, and on the floors and about the shelves were large piles of feed and water. I have always noticed that more or less purging is done by the birds after eating salt; but in this case everything was so extensively done that I got a little worried and set to work to investigate the matter. The bo.x floors and every place were clean, no dirt or any substance was in sight, and after a careful examination all around, came to the conclu- sion that, birds thai are nesting ami having soft feed in their coops, should not be allowed to have any salt at all; for the salt, mixed with the soft feed, either soured it, or caused certain gases to be formed, which were fatal to the bird- Throe birds have since died, two cocks and a hen, all of which I am sure were nesting. AVhcn found the birds bad oiawled up in the corners of the coop and were lying on their breasts, and eyes wide open. The reason I came to the conclusion that brooding birds should not have salt is, that one Antwerp hen was taken in the same manner as the Balds; but I think that she has gotten over it, she has a pair of young Blues. Symptoms, great deal of fluttering and could not keep quiet; purging and continual opening of the mouth, as if caused by gases. 298 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. Now, old friend, I only tell the above so that if you had like doings happen in your coop I wish that you would let me know of them, but I am satisfied (and I think I ought to be, having lost about twenty-five) that breeding birds should never have salt, and certainly not salt and hemp seed mixed, Pulton, Moore, and others to the contrary. New Yoek, April 19, 1875. MANHATTAN. SpOF^JSIVI/\I^'s DE{=/\F(XIVlEfJ7. (For Fanciers* Journal.) COON-HUNTING. Editor Fanciers' Journal : In Vol. II, No. 8, the raccoon is very properly described, and I will now endeavor to say something in regard to hunting. Tears ago I was, and am yet, very fond of this amusing sport, to hunt this cunning animal, the coon. I followed it more or less for exercise, but most of all for observation. He is, as stated, hunted during the night, and I would nearly always select a clear moonlight night for this sport, as I could then by good luck see one or more go through their performance to foil the dogs. An old fellow will cause the best dog trouble enough to chase him upon some tree or other. As a general thing, the coon knows a good deal more of you and your dog than you are aware of long before you or the dog suspect any game. At the first alarm of an enemy his flank movements com- mence, and he will climb upon the first tree to the height often or fifteen feet. If he can reach another, he will jump to that ; but, if he fails in this attempt, he will jump as far away from the trunk of the tree he is on as he possibly can, which is generally from ten to fifteen feet. In this style he will make for some creek or stream of water. To follow him successfully will be a sore trial for your dog, unless he is well-broken ; then he will only smell at each tree on which the coon has jumped, and will make a circle around the tree for perhaps fifty or a hundred yards, soon finding Mr. Coon's track again. During all this time, if your dog is a good one, he will keep perfectly still, and if he finds the track goes no further, he will come back to the first and ring out the joyful news to his master, as though he would say the game is found. These are the first maneuvers of his flanking moves ; he has some sharper ones on hand. If he reaches water his play will be much finer, and be assured he is in no hurry. If he finds anything to suit his taste he will take a comfortable supper. Whenever he reaches a small creek he will go in and out very often to mislead your dog. Should the stream prove a large one he will cross it and make himself comfort- able on the other side. He is very ingenious in making his escape ; should he find the track of another animal, such as the pole-cat, opossum, or a cat, he is sure to follow it up for some distance, and all at once leap away as far as he can in another direction. This will in almost all cases save him any further trouble that night, and the animal whose track he followed for some distance will be the victim of the dog and hunters. At such times he will flank you in the rear, walk back on his own track, and reach his quarters in perfect safety. To hunt him successfully it requires a good and well- broken dog; and, to my knowledge, we have no particular breed adapted for this animated sport. The hound answers but indifl'erently, because he gives too much tongue on a fresh track, which will lead him into many diflScuIties. I had once a hound that came about as near up to my idea of coon-hunting as any one desires. He was a cross between a full Beagle and a Fox-hound, and would track a coon for miles without giving any tongue ; but then he was far from perfection, if he had treed the coon he would only give a few yelps and be quiet. I have seen common cur dogs that were quite good coon dogs; the only diflSculty is they have, as a rule, a very poor scent. S. (For Fanciers' Journal.) INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR PROTECT- ING GAME AND FISH. In order to enlist the services of the ablest naturalists of the United States and Canada, and others wlio have not hitherto co-operated with the efforts made by the numerous clubs organized for game protection, an association has been quietly formed within the past two weeks in which these men stand prominent. Every part of the continent is repre- sented in its membership. The co-operation of Canada is deemed indispensable to success in securing a thorough pro- tection for game ; and uniformity of the game laws between the two countries is not only practicable, but necessary. The preservation of game in Canada is most important to us of the United States, as well as the creation and enforce- ment of laws that will prevent game and fish being shipped across the line and sold clandestinely or in open defiance of law. This international movement looks to a general uni- formity of the game laws throughout the United States and Canada, where the climatic conditions render it practicable, and has been instituted by the committee of gentlemen whoso names are appended to the card below. Memberships have been secured solely by personal canvass, and while it is not contemplated to create an organization formidable by mere weight of numbers, the co-operation of any person interested in its objects is invited, and written applications will be re- ceived by the Secretary of the Committee : — INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR PROTECTING GAME AND FISH. New York, April 26, 1875. By a vote of amajoritj^of the Advisory Committee, a meet- ing will be held in New York City on the nineteenth of May, 1875, at 11 o'clock, a.m., at Cooper Institute, Room 24, or Geographical Society's rooms, same building, to or- ganize an " International Association for Protecting Game and Fish," whose business it will be to select a competent Board of naturalists, fish culturists, game breeders, and sportsmen, who shall be empowered to draft suitable laws and submit them to Congress, or duly constituted Legisla- FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 299 tive bodies, for approval. The attendance of all who have ontfirod applications for memborship is earnestly desired. (Signed.) Hon. liobort B. Koosovelt, President American Fish Cultu- turists' A.ssouiation. I'rof. E. D. Cope, Academy Natural Sciences, Phila. Dr. J. L. Le Conte, Zooloi;;iciil Society, Phila. Dr. Elliot Cones, U. S. A., Smithsonian Institute, Washing- ton, D. C. ll.m. G. W. Clinton, Buflalo, N. Y. Hon, 1. E. Wo.st, Newborn, North Carolina. .Jacob Wagner, E.sq., Wythevillo Virginia. Niihum E. Billion, Esq., Secretary Illinois State Pish Cul- turists' Association. Curios Gove, Esq., President Denver, Colorada, Shooting Club. Chambers C. Davis, Esq., Secretary Denver, Colorada, Sliooting Club. ijobert Morrow, Esq., President Game and Inland Fishery Protection Society of Nova Scotia. Hon. J. F. Crosby, Esq., Houston, Texas. Dr. Jiawlings Young, Corinth, Mississippi. Prof. Tlieo. Gill, Smithsonian Institute, Washington, D. C. L. W. Ledyard, Esq., Cuzenovia, N. Y. Bernard A. Hoopes, Esq., President Philadelphia Sports- men's Club. T. B. Ferguson, Esq., Commissioner of Fisheries, Maryl'd. Geo. H. Gcrome, Esq., Superintendent State Fisheries, Mich. W. F. Wliitcher, Esq., Commissioner of Fisheries, Domin- ion of Canada. Geo. A. Boardman, Esq., Calais, Maine. Mannasseh Smith, Esq., Maine Sportsmen's Association. T. W.Walker, Esq., President West Jersey Game Pro. Soc. Seth Green, .Esq., Superintendent State Fisheries, New York. Maj. Goo. J. Alden, New Smyrna, Florida. Hon. Chas. W. Hutchinson, Utica, N. Y. C. A. Post, Esq , Secretary Ontario Game Pro. Soc., Can- ada. W. H. Holibird, Esq., Valparaiso, Indiana. Hon. John Bertram, Peterboro, Canada. William A. Newell, Esq., President California Aec. Soc. Samuel Wilmot, Esq., Superintendent Fisheries, Newcastle, Canada. E. A. Brackett, Esq., Commissioner of Fisheries, Ma.ssa- chusetts. Walter M. Brackett, Esq., Mass. Anglers' Association. Col. .James Gordon, Pontotoc, Miss. K. M. Ogden, Esq., San Francisco, Cal. Capt. J. W. Coventry, Nouville, Canada. D. J. Staple, Esq., San Francisco. D. O. Joice, Esq., San Francisco. S. E. Throckmorton, Esq., Fish Commission, San Fran- cisco. B. B. Redding, Esq., Fish Commissioner, San Francisco. (Per order of the Committee.) Chas. Hallock, secretary. Office fbrest nml Stream, No. 17 Chatham Street, New York. HUNTERS AND THEIR DOGS. Wk have often wondiTcd over tlie strong love of the sportsman for his dog; but one great reason for this is the remai-kable intelligence and sagacity of that animal. We speak of the pointer and setter, for our hunting is mostly done with these, and the latter is preferable because the most hardy, and we believe ho is the most intelligent. These are our bird dogs, and of them we can speak from our knowledge and observation. There is in both hunter and dog a love for the sport that cannot be rcalizeifby those who have not known the feeling. Our own setter is almost wild with delight over a gun, and begs with the earnestness of an adept at the business to be allowed to go out for a hunt. But what is curious she knows well of whom to ask the favor. If a lady picks up the gun and asks, ''Fan, do you want to go?" she turns indifferently away, and seems to say, "I know you are fooling mo ; I never go hunting with ladioi." But when her master or any gentleman of her acquaintance takes the above article in hand, she barks, implores, and al- most runs wild over the matter. There is no occasion to ask would she like to go, for her actions show the fact plainly enough for all to see. She is intelligent to an astonishing degree, and compre- hends our meaning when we address her as quickly as a child. At one time, after we had spent the day in the fields, we found our dog missing, and looked and called in vain ; she did not rcdurn, and we retired to our couch anxious and sorrowful. The following morning the search was renewed, but it was in vain until we reached the stream that flows near the old homestead, and there in the old boat, where we had left several articles and one or two dead birds, was Fan, • who had faithfully watched through the night over the boat and its contents. The good brute was called away, and had a sumptuous breakfast as a reward for her fidelity. She is as kind as intelligent; our little two year old boy could tell you that. Ho rides upon her back, pulls her ears and tail, kisses her nose, scolds, beats, and plagues her, and yet we have never known Fan to give one dissenting growl. It is her master's child, and she is in duty bound to obey his bidding. Thus she seems to think, for she allows no other children to trifle with her. She is not cross with them, but gives them warning that it is best to keep at a distance. Her passion for hunting is the strongest we have ever seen. On the daj' after she became mother to a whole group of promising little ones, she begged with a piteous air to be allowed to go out for a while, and said, almost as plainly as words could say it, " I am sure the babies can be left for a bit, when the sport is so fine and the snipe so plenty." Her love for her master is marked ; one word of approbation from him sets her heart in a flutter of delight, and makes her whole body quiver with pleasurable emotions. Setters are generall}- thus intelligent. We have known many and marked the difference in disposition. Some are timid to a fault, some too bold and venturesome, some sly and tricky, while others are all that we could wish in a huntsman's dog. But in this matter much depends on training. Wo have hoard a gentleman remark, who has had much experience with both dogs and hor., C. IL Farnum. Bi^st trio Light Brahma chicks, .50 cents, W. M. Ward. Best trio Partridge Cochin fowls, 50 cents, E. C. .Spoflbrd. Best trio Partridge Cochin chicks, best Partridge hen, best Partridge Cochin pullet, 50 cents each, H. A. Southwick. Best Partridge Cochin cock, best Partridge Cochin cockerel, 50 cents each, E. C. Spoftord. Best trio B. B. R. Game Bantam fowls, 50 cents, E. C. Spotford. Best B. B. K. (lame Bantam cock, 25 cents, E C. Spofford. Best B. B. R. Game Bantam hen, 26 cents, C. H. Farnum. Best trio Partridge Cochin chicks, Peahody Press for one year, H. A. Southwick. Best trio Brown Leghorn chicks, $1, Charles E Bradford. Three most nearly perfect Brown Leghorn cockerels, $1, C. E. Bradford. Best Brown Leghorn pullet, 50 cents, F. C. Lummus. Largest and best collection Brown Leghorn chicks, $1, C. E. Bradford. Best trio Silver-Gray DoVkings, $1, W. F. Wiley. Best trio Brown Leghorn chicks, $1, C. E. Bradford. Best trio Partridge Cochin chicks, $1, 11. A. Southwick. Best collection Fancy Pi- geons, two Light Brahma pullets, $4, R. G. Buxton. Best collection Fancy Pigeons, one Lantern, $2, R. G. Buxton. Best coop Ring Doves, one Light Brahma pullet, R. G. Buxt(m. Best coop Ring Doves, one Plymouth Rock cock- erel or pullet, valued at $2, R, G. Buxton. Person taking most premium money, $5, R. G. Buxton. Best pair Golden Duckwing, best Golden Duckwing Game cockerel, best Gol- den Duckwing Game Bantam pullet, each $1, C. H. Farnum. President — C. M. Poor. Vice-President — C. P. Jacobs. Secretary — P. R. Galloupe. Treasurer — A. Elliot. Executive Committee — C. H. Farnum, H. M. Berry, H. M. Osborn, Jr. Yours truly, C. H. Farnum. (For Fanciors' Journal.) THE WONDERS OF A HEN'S EGG. The following interesting observations on the changes that occur from hour to hour during the incubation of the hen's egg are from Sturm's Reflections : " The hen has scarcely sot on her eggs twelve hours before some lineaments of the head and body of the chicken appear. The heart may bo seen to beat at the second day ; it has at that time some- what the form of a horseshoe, but no blood yet appears. At the end of two days two vessels of blood are to be distin- guished the pulsation of which is visible ; one of these is the loft ventricle, and the other the root of the great artery. At the fiftieth hour ono auricle of the heart appears, resem- bling a noose folded down upon itself. The beating of the heart is first observed in the auricle, and afterwards in the ventricle. At the end of seventy hours, the wings are dis- tinguishable ; and on the head two bubbles are seen for the brain, one for the bill, and two for the fore and hind part of the head. Towards the end of tho fourth day, the auricles already visible draw nearer to tho heart than before. The liver appears toward tho fifth day. At tho end of seven hours more, the lungs and the stomach become visible; and four hours afterwards, the intestines, and loins, and tho up- per jaw. At the ono hundred and forty-fourth hour, two ventricles are visible, and two drops of blood instead of the single one which was seen before. The seventh day the brain begins to have some consistency. At the one hundred and nineteenth hour of incubation, tbo bill openi), and tbo flesh appears in the breast. In four hours more, the breast- bone is seen. In six hi.urs after this the ribs appear, form- ing from the back, and the bill is very visible, as well as the gall-bladder. The bill becomes green at the end of two hundred and thirty-six hours; and if the chicken be taken out of its covering, it evidently moves itself. At tho two hundreth hour, the eyes appear. At tho two hundred and eighty-eighth, tho ribs are perfect. At the three hundred and thirty-first, the spleen draws near tho stomach, and the lungs to the chest. At the end of three hundred and fifty- five hours, tbo bill frequently opens and shuts; and at the end of the eighteenth day, the first cry of the chicken is beard. It afterwards gets more strength and grows contin- ually, till at length it is enabled to set itself free from its confinement." (For Fanciers' Journal.) WHITE LEGHORNS. Having bred the White Leghorn fowls for about ten years, together with other difierent varieties, I have no hes- itation in placing thorn at the head of useful and ornamen- tal poultry ; and, it is very evident that they are fast becom- ing "roat favorites with fanciers, as they have long been with farmers. They are non-sitters, but withal great layers, which makes them very profitable. They mature early, cocks crowing when six weeks old, and pullets laying at four months. What is a prettier sight than to see on a "reen lawn a fiock of these birds, their white plumage con- trasting with their bright red combs and yellow legs; their lively appearance ; in fact, everything connected with them is pleasing, and I feel confident in saying that this variety of poultry must sooner or later be recognized as the leaders for beauty, profit, and hardiness. I have kept them under the same circumstances with Brahmas, Houdans, and Ham- burgs, and the tendency to disease was only one-half, and irhen affected, easily cured. The improvement in this breed, within the past ten ye.irs, is quite marked. Instead of the coarse, short-legged cock, wo have a neat, symmetrical bird, and, I am happy to say, are fast reducing the unproportioned comb of former times to one neater in appearance and more comfortable to the , fowl. I My idea of what a first-class White Leghorn cock should [ be, is one of medium size, say to weigh 4i pounds, when full grown ; comb, perfectly straight and upright, with 312 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. not more than six points ; deeply serrated ; free frora twist and side sprigs. Head rather short and deep, with large, clear eye; the face red, free from any white, and with- out wrinUles ; ear-lobes, pure white {not straw color as some have it), rather thin and pendant, fitting close to the head, and free from wrinkles. Wattles bright red and pendulous. The body rather square, a little heavier forward, with full breast, but not so full as to give the appearance of strutting. Neck rather long, and, when standing upright, making almost a straight line from the head to where the breast commences, to ai-ound under the body. Thighs medium length. Legs long and slender, bright j'ellow in color. Tail I prefer to be carried in as upright position as possible, together with a graceful curve backward, but, at the same time, avoiding the squirrel tail. Plumage, of course, should be pure white, as near as possible. In breeding White Leghorns I find the greatest difficulty in plumage, and the chief point, in my opinion, is to avoid the straw color, which troubles the breeder of all white fowls (especially Cochins and Leghorns), and, at the same time, retain the bright yellow legs and white ear-lobes, but we are generally obliged to sacrifice one for the other. ___ W. P. Bacon. (For Fanciers' Journal.) EXPRESS CHARGES ON FOWLS. Theke are probably few fanciers who have not had occa- sion now and then to complain of the excessively high rates charged by Express Companies for the transportation of live-stock. Indeed, it is no rare thing to find the express charges exceeding the cost of the stock, and this even for short distances. Pew of us would complain if the regular rates were published and adhered to, but the difficulty arises very often from the fact that peculative clerks guess at the matter, and charge what they please ; what returns they make to the company we do not know. In the summer of 1873, the writer had six sittings of eggs sent from Easton, Mass. The charges for the packages which did not vary a pound, were, first box, 81.35, second box, $1.75, third box, $2.10, whether this gradual increase would have continued ad inJinHum, the writer cannot say, but he thought it time to stop, and ordered no further shipments. During the past season the writer also purchased two Cocker Spaniels, the charge, in each case for a distance less than two hundred miles, was $7.50 expressage on a single dog. The only excuse oifered by the express agent was that they passed over three separate roads, and each road charged $2.50. One of the peculiarities of this transaction was, that on the last road over which the dogs passed, the distance was only twenty-six miles, and the charges were $2.50, though the fare for a first-class passenger is but eighty-nine cents. Within the last month the writer has had kindly presen- ted to him a Cocker Spaniel slut by the same gentleman, Mr. Burr Hollis, of whom he purchased the other two. In this case he took the precaution to send Mr. Hollis money to prepay expressage, suspecting that there might be possibly dishonesty among the officials. When the dog came to hand, the expressman was asked, " Are the charges pre- paid ? " " Tes," " Can you tell me the amount charged ? " " Tes, one dollar," and yet this same party had the audaci- ty, not six months before, to say that the company never carried a dog any distance for less than $2.50. Evidently there is a lie somewhere. Being given to patience and long suflTering, the writer has not instituted an investigation, allthough he is accumulating evidence. Briefly however, taking all things into consideration, would it not be well in shipping stock to ask first the rates to the point desired, and secondly to inspect, or at least assist in the weighing? All this because express rates and express weights are both ex- tremely variable for packages of the same weight and size. A. N. Kaub. (For Fanciers' Journal.) SUNDAY IN THE BACKYARD. No. 2. Kaint to-day; but we take pencil and paper and sit in the door of our largest poultry-house. We have just put about six inches of clean sand on floor of same, which, with a new coat of whitewash, make things look very neatly about here. We tried gravel last season, but it packs too hard, and we do not like it on many accounts. With the sand all offensive substances can be easily removed daily,. and the fowls enjoy it much for dusting. We have tried road-dust, but it is too dirty, and makes our Light Brahmas look badly, and besides everything in the building is fllthy with it. We have tried a great many things advertised, and find most of the patents and nostrums useless. What we young breed- ers require are simple and cheap remedies and articles for our use ; the simpler the better. Last year most of our chicks for some reason were not inclined to the dust- bath, and became infested with lice. We tried burning brimstone. Although our buildings are as tight as double windows, double doors, and sides filled with tan bark can make them, the brimstone did not kill th&Jiies, much less the lice. Then we tried whitewash — it did not do. After immersing some of the vermin three days in kerosene oil, we concluded they rather liked it. Then we got some spirits turpentine, put about a quart of it to a pail of whitewash, kept it stirred, and that did the bus- iness. We intend to try carbolic acid, as it is cheaper, and will give reeult of our experience. A mixture of equal parts hog's lard and Scotch snuff' dis- perses all vermin on our fowls. We have not tried it on chicks, but shall apply it same as on the old birds — rub it on under each wing. These remedies are cheap : the spirits turpentine costing fifty cents per gallon; the acid, twenty- five to thirty cents per pound (two ounces to three quarts water in common sprinkler); and as to the snuif, we have seen two cents' worth briBg all the occupants of a district school (schoolmarm and all) almost into convulsions ; we being the cause of all this trouble were affected with a few extra convulsions after school was out and our mates sent home. We are building a new poultry-house 50x25 feet, with a passage-way 5 feet wide through the centre. This building will accommodate sixteen small flocks ; each pen being 6 x 10, with yards each 50 x 6. Thus — ■ YARDS. BDILDING. TAKES. PENS < < a. 5 -ENS _ 50 ft. 10 ft. 10 ft. 50 ft. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 313 We shall have a pump and a store in the passage, stove- pi|)0 run whole length of tho building, and arranged so that all can bo fed and watered in tlie passage. Witli a slidirig- sliolf liiider uuch roost the end of the shelf may be shoved through a hole into tho passage, and tho droppings bo pushed into a whoolbarrow boneath, and thus much labor be saved. We also have tho nests so tho fowls can sit on their own nest and be allowed to step out in the passage (when sitting) for food, dust, and water by simply closing that end of tho nest within thoir pon and opening tho ono in tho passage. [] [] [] Plan of one side of roof, with four skylights aud three veutilators. Tho nosts will be closed on top so the birds can stand on the part within the pen, and eat and drink through tho fence, as above. It is no joke to care well for two hundred to three hundred fowls. As for a stove, some advocate them for this purpose, some do not. Wo shall use one for the reason that it will be quite expensive to make such a large building tight and warm. Wc have had very little sun during the past winter mouths, and although wo succeeded in hatching some chicks in January, thoy all died from want of sun, dampness, and bad air. Al- though our buildings were very tight and warm, the moist- ure from the breath of tho fowls formed a mat of frost whicli remained all winter in the upper parts of the buildings, everything therein was wet, mouldy, damp, and con.se- quently dirty. The air in the buildings was very oftonsive when the doors were first opened in tho mornings. We want a stove, if for nothing more, to dry up tho moisture oc- casionally, and make tho rooms tidy and comfortable. One of your correspondents asks, " What makes the fowls peck the feathers from each other?" We saw some- where that it was from want of ompUyment, and that if a bundle of cornstalks was deposited in each pen the birdi would eat tliis instead f>f themBelvns. AVe tried it, and gave them green food, raw potatoes, apples, turnips, etc., each day during the winter, and they have not lost a feather — they were very busy eating the stalks when they had no other business. We also gave them considerable bay, of which they (in winter) are exceedingly fond. We believe it to be an excellent substitute for grass, and shall put some good clover in the barn this season for their use next winter. '^'OUNO Hreeueb. PiqEO[^ De[=a^f^TI^e[^T- THE CARRIER PIGEON— ITS INSTINCT.* The Carrier pigeon is becoming more than ever an object of attention, since tho pigeon societies have multiplied to that extent, that nearly all our villages possess their own. Also ono counts by hundreds of thousands the number of those winged messengers that from Belgium they annually transport to distances more or less remote, ^[onsieur Dr. Chapins, member of the Belgian Academy, has published upon this subject an excellent work entitled, " The Instinct of the Carrier Pigeon and the Means of Perfecting It." By what means, by virtue of what faculties are our aerial travellers able to regain their chosen homos? Some have given it the name of instinct, which explains nothing, others have tho idea that the pigeon is endowed with a sensibility so groat that he is able to find a guide in the ditference of the density of tha various currents of the atmosphere. They affirm that the pigeon always directs itielf from south to north, or better that he rises to such heights that his sight determines his direction. These are the allegations that M. Chapins contests, without having, however, tho pretense of giving the solution of the problem. In the end bo treats of tho organization of the pigeon, the capacity and delicacy of its organs of sense, and Anally its faculties natural or ac- quired. The organization of tho pigeon is that of all birds in gen- eral and in the natural order it forms the connection between swallows and tho gallinaceous tribe. It holds the first by its sustained flight, and the second by the facility with which it walks upon the earth. As to the organs of sense one does not observe an essential diflerenco between tho pigeon and other birds in general. The judgment and taste are with it little developed, and the same with sense of smell ; but as to the hearing and sight it is greatly favored. How- ever, does the perfection of its sight suffice of itself to explain the faculty of correctly directing its flight ? In the exami- nation of this last question, ho strives first to determine to what height the pigeon takes its flight when sot at liberty in a distant location, afterwards to discover if the objects are distinctly seen through the vapors that arise from the earth. Thirdly, the question is, how it can discover often • Translated from " LE(M>rrler," a French weekly, for the FaHcitrt' Journal, by N. T. Colby. 314 PANOIBES' JOUENAL AND POULl'EY EXCHANGE. from a distance of two or three hundred leagues and if the curvature of the earth does not perhaps raise a harrier to the sight of a point to be obtained ? It is true that a pig- eon liberated at some distant point, rises from a general to a sufficiently greater height, and it is probable that it thus maintains itself in the course of its voyage. It is also probable that this height, does not exceed a thousand feet — from thence what sight unrolls to its view ? It results from the reasoning of the author (based upon the ascension of Mt. Blanc), that supposing the pigeon was able to elevate itself to four thousand eight hundred and ten metres, and that its sight equals that of man's aided by the best optical instruments, its view in a given direction does not exceed fifty-two leagues and four kilometres ; but, now we see that it does not attain even a fourth part of that altitude. Then it has for this distance considerahle to overcome with the curvature of the earth, which we mentioned before as an obstacle to the sight, and it has again the clouds, the rain, etc., all causes which obscure the atmosphere. Therefore in the presence of these considerations we are separated from the suppositions that the sight alone directs the travelling pigeon. Here presents itself an objection, which is, that those pigeons before being transported to considerable distances have already made short flights, and that thus they are able very well, from point to point, to direct themselves by sight towards the goal to be reached. This objection fails with those pigeons which have not performed the trial of some leagues, but are taken at once to points more distant, and from thence returned. On the other hand, we cannot admit that the pigeon follows always the same route, considering that account must be taken of the influence of the wind on pigeons the same as migratory birds. Finally, this faculty of returning, of finding its home, is not peculiar to the pigeon, it is also shared with other birds, and with many other animals — among which are cats, dogs, bees, swallows, etc. Thus some honest villagers, in a wine shop, having agreed upon a race between their wive's cats, they Were put in hampers and carried some leagues distant. Upon being released they scattered in different directions ; but shortly each of the two found its home. As for bees, who does not know with what marvellous instinct they return to their hives, after having gathered in meadows and heath fields, to a great distance? Nor do we believe this equals the swallow, who returns each year to nest in the same place. These examples show conclusively the existence of a special faculty among these diff'erent animals. This inexplicable faculty of returning to its home is commonly known by the name of instinct, or faculty of correctly determining their latitude [d' orientation). But M. Chapins shows that this instinct results from the improvement of man ; and that the dog which is a good hunter, is not a good watch dog, nor a good dog for running, nor the dog for the shepherd. It is man who has imparted these special dispositions. The pigeon is itself modified by the infiuence of man, and it is this which makes the Carrier pigeon the most intelli- gent of all. It frequently happens, in making long flights, that the pigeon will be obliged to pass many nights out of its ordinary home, from the duty of seeking its food, and to escape a number of dangers; however, all judges unite in affirming that, if the old pigeons come to reach more cer- tainly their home, it is because they hold to that course which they know will give them shelter and provide their food. Referring to the last point, many amateurs have taught their birds to provide for themselves, by searching the fields for their food, in doing which they again give evi- dence of certain intelligence. Again, we are compelled to admit that the pigeon shows himself superior to mast domestic birds, as he is able to dis- tinguish his master, and even to manifest sentiments of af- fection for him. A faculty closely related to this comes in question — it is that of memory. How many examples are there of pigeons retained in confinement, during years that preserve the memory pure and distinct of their first home, who, upon being liberated, return from a distance of forty or fifty leagues. Caution is also an incontestable quality of the pigeon — not alone in the choice of a home, when wander- ing or overtaken by night — ^but, also, in regard to birds of prey. It is right then to speak of the pigeon as resulting from the infiuence of man, to a certain extent. Next to the theory of sight, M. Chapins examines how these amateurs have perfected in the pigeon the faculty of correctly fixing their latitude, and he draws from this ex- amination some rules to be followed to make a good breed of Carrier pigeons. Those pigeons are the hest, which, in their first flights have come to return soonest to the dove cotes, and are therefore better cared for and cherished by their owners. Their descendants inherit this predilection, and in consequence undergo the same tests ; but, the labor strengthens as much the physical as the moral, thus, in ac- cordance with this tendency, it is not to be doubted that these faculties in the animal are translated from one gener- ation to another. Also, these trial flights, which have place in May and June, are useful, because they oblige the pigeon to exercise its instinct, and the attainment of a given point is made to it more easy, and more sure. A point of impor- tance to be noticed, is that frequently changing the pigeon- house is prejudicial to the birds. The learned author of the interesting work we have thus analyzed, cannot be said to have the pretense of solving the problem, which remains unsolvable ; but, it is easy to see, that he has very well discussed the diflferent arguments advanced for giving the solution. He has examined the faculties of the pigeon as we have knowledge of them, and compares them with what they are in a state of nature, in order to understand that which is conveyed by the name "instinct d'orientation." Finally, he has shown how this instinct may be successfully cultivated, and the rules to be followed to increase this power. It results from all this, that it is not by chance that the pigeon returns to the cote, and that they may be possessed of innate faculties, which all our sagacity fails to understand or give an account of — fac- ulties which assume as a necessary condition the honestj' of others, since the flj'ing bird is able to distinguish its lati- tude, if he is liberated in a fog, or if freed when the snow covers the earth with its white sheet. B@= Antidote to Strychnia Poisoninq. — From some very interesting experiments recently made on the treatment of cases of strychnia-poisoning, with chloral-hydrate. Dr. Bennett has come to the conclusion, as stated in the British Medical Journal : "That after a dose of strychnia has pro- duced severe tetanic convulsions, these convulsions may be reduced both in force and frequency by the use of chloral- hydrate, and consequently much suffering saved." Also, " That, after a fatal dose of strychnia, life may be saved by bringing the animal under the influence of chloral-hydrate." — Land and Water. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 315 S[=OF^JS|V1A,fJ's L)Ep;\I^XjVIEfJX. FAITHFUL DOGS. THKY CARE FOR A LOST CHILD, AND WARM AND PKKD HIM. Yesterday morning wo gave an account of a child wan- dering away from home on Thursday last, accompanied by two dogs. The whole neighborhood had turned out and searched night and day without success, at tlio time we wrote the account. The following is a copy of the hand-bills struck off and circulated. Lost Boy — To the Public. — Yesterday afternoon, William Norman, my son, left my residence, five miles from Lexing- ton, on the Salt Pond road, and was last seen on the road to town. He is five years of age, wore a dark woolen coat, dark jean pants, patched on the knees, and was followed by two dogs — one a black, and the other of a dark yellowish color. Any information regarding his whereabouts will be thank- fully received, and will relieve the anxiety of a mother and father. William A. Smith. LitxiNOTON, Mo., April 2, 1S75. From Mr. M. Carroll, the popular baggage-master of the Lexington passenger train, we learn the following particu- lars of the discovery of the child, yesterday morning, which certainly shows the wonderful sagacity and faithfulness of the dogs which accompanied him. As in our account yesterday, the last seen of the child was in a fence corner with his dogs. From there it seems he wandered into the woods belonging to Judge Woods, eight miles from Lexington and three miles from his home. Here, probably, night overtook the little wanderer, and darkness closed upon him, cold, tired and hungry, with none to aid him but his faithful four-footed companions. The nights at this time of the year are too severe for a robust man to bo exposed, and certainly a tender child, almost an infant, would surely succumb to the biting temperature. But there is a watchful Providence above, and his inter- position in this case seems miraculous. The faithful dogs, with an instinct that seems equal to human intelligence, went to work and scratched together a bod of leaves. Into this the boy crept, and then the intelligent animals laid down, one on each side of him, and kept him warm through the night with the heat of their bodies. Morning broke with the boy safe, his shaggy guardians remaining at their post. Though rested and refreshed, he was almost famished with hunger. Again the wonderful instinct of the faithful dogs was equal to tho emergency. They set out foraging, chased and killed a rabbit, and bi'ought to their young charge, laying it at his feet. The boy eagerly ate of the raw meat, and when discovered was busily engaged in appeasing his hunger. When tho party who discovered him endeavored to ap- proach the child the dogs became exceedingly ferof^ioun, and would not let one of them approach him. The boy's fnther and dogs' master had to be sent for before they could get the child from his noble protectors. Tho joy of tho parents can easily be imagined, and wo will guarantee to say that all the wealth in Lafayette county would not ]jurchase one of these dogs. — Sedalia Democrat. FRIENDSHIP OF A DOG AND PARROT. TuE Virginia City (Nev.) Chronicle relates the following : " Capt. Stearn.s, real estate agent, residing at the corner of D and Carson streets, is the owner of a Newfoundland dog. He is also the possessor of a large green parrot, which U said to bo at least seventy years of age. Within tho last few months a very strong attachment has sprung up between these two creatures, and they are almost inseparable. The parrot talks all day long of the dog, and keeps calling hira by name when he is away. The dog seems very uneasy when the parrot is out of sight, and wanders about, evident- ly in an unhappy frame of mind. He has licked all the feathers off of one of the parrot's wings, but still the latter seems rather to court his strange caresses. It is decidedly interesting to witness the manner in which the two play together. The parrot walks along ihe dog's back, out on to the dogs nose, when she gravely pecks that member and as gravely walks back to the rear. This stately promenade is kept up for hours, the parrot all tho time croaking out its canine friend's name, and applying endearing epithets to him, such as, ' Oh I you old bum, .lack I ' ' Jack, you rascal ! ' and others which are frequently hurled at the dog by the neighbors' boys." 8^° A Dog Dying from JIkasles. — Several Amer- ican papers give an account of a most unusual instance of a dog contracting the measles from a human being. It is sta- ted that a large Newfoundland dog, a pet in the family of Mr. Wallace, of Upton, Mass., contracted measles from the children of Mr. Walker, who were suB'ering from tbem, and died. He exhibited all the symptoms of the disease in the human being, and under medical treatment was conval- escing when he ran out in the snow, got cold and collapsed. — Land and Water. B®» An Educated Goat. — There is an old goat in De- troit which has received a great deal of training from the boys. Last Fourth of July they discovered that if they stuck a fire-cracker in the end of a cane and held it at William, he would lower his head and go for tbem, and they have practised the trick so much, that the goat will tackle any human being that points a stick at him. A few days ago he was loafing near the corner of Third and Lewis Streets, when a corpulent citizen came up and stopped to talk to a friend. They happened to speak of the side- walk, when the corpulent citizen pointed his cane to the left of the goat and said, " That is the worst piece of side- walk in this town." The goat had been eying the cane, and tho moment it came up ho lowered his head, made six or eight jumps and his head struck the corpulent citizen on the belt. The man went over into a mass of old tin, dilapi- dated butter-kegs and abandoned hoopskirts, and the goat turned a summersault the other way, while the slim citizen threw stones at a boy seated on a door-step who was laugh- ing tears as big as chestnuts and crying out, — " Oh 1 it's nuff to'kill a feller I " 316 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i i= ANOIEES' 1| OURNAL AND^ OULTEY ^^XCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. . Prof. A. N. Raub, Associate Editor. Pmblished 'Weekly at 39 North Umth Street, Philadelpliia SUBSGRIFTIOir PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " U. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copt/ for postage. EDITORIAL BEPARTBIENT. THE SVW STANDARD. In answer to the many inquiries about the New Stand- ard, we are pleased to state that Col. A. B. Estes, ex-editor of the Bulletin, who was unanimously elected by the Com- piling Committee for the purpose, is actively at work on the Standard, at the residence of his son, in Townesville, N. C, where he will remain until about June 1st, when he will no doubt go to Buifalo, N. T., and remain until the Standard is completed. It is needless for us to state that Mr. Estes has the confidence of the entire Association, and is pecu- liarly fitted to do this work well. It is the intention of the officers to complete the Standard so as to deliver copies during the month of July, or first of September. Every person who owns a single trio of fowls should send $1 to E. S. Kalph, Secretary, Buffalo, N. Y., and secure a CQpy as soon as issued. They can also be had at this office. DuKiNQ the past winter we selected five Dark Brahma hens and pullets, as fine as we ever owned, with a view of breeding them carefully for amusement, and producing some- thing good for the next winter shows ; but, finding that we had our hands full with the Journal, we decided to part with them, and offered them to Mr. Chas. A. Sweet, Presi- dent of the American Poultry Association, In whose yard they now are carefully mated, and we shall be disappointed if they and their progeny are not heard from at the next fall and winter shows. GOOD HATCHING. The Eev. E. E. Wotring writes that "he hears com- plaints on every hand that eggs are not hatching well this season," while he has had nine hens come off with eighty- nine chicks, averaging nearly ten to each hen, which is very good, considering the season. PREMIUM FOR ESSAY ON GAME FOWLS. The special premium offered by Charles H. Tucker, of St. Louis, Mo., to the Illinois State Poultry Association, for the best essay on the " Breeding and Management of Game Eowls," was awarded to Hon. Isaac Van Winkle, of Green- ville, Hudson Co., New Jersey. — Ex. CoF^I^ESpO|^DE|^CE. LATE CHICKS. Owing to the very backward spring, chicken raising is about one month later than usual. We shall, however, con- tinue to set hens all through June, and hope to be able to raise as many chicks as usual, and by good feed and care to get them up to fine size and style. Leghorns, Hamburgs, and Black Spanish can be quite as successfully reared when hatched in June and July as if hatched earlier. What few early chicks we have are doing finely. The early sittings hatched rather poor, owing perhaps to the very cold February and March, rendering the cocks inactive and inattentive to the hens. Eggs laid now will be much more likely to hatch well, and where parties are wondering if it is too late to set hens, they need not hesitate to set the small breeds as late as June 15th. A. M. Dickie. imported eggs. Friend Wade : Agreeable to your request, we cheerfully give you the result of twenty-sis Dark Brahma eggs, imported from W. E. Garner, Dyke Bourne, Lincolnshire, England. They arrived in good condition, and hatched eighteen fine birds. They are from a grand pen. The hens L. Wright pro- nounced very fine, and mated with a twenty-one pound Lingwood cock. We have already promised them a trip to Doylestown next fall. Tours truly, Smith & Bro. Stony Bkook, Lohg Island, May 12, 1875, (For Fanciers' Journal.) cocks cutting the backs of hens. Friend Wade. Dear Sir: Noticing an article headed "Information wanted," (in Fanciers' Journal of this week), regards pre- venting cocks from cutting the sides of hens when treading, I will give my experience. Some years since I used to be troubled very much from my heavy Light Brahma cocks cutting the hens, sometimes having them cut through to their entrails, and sometimes loosing very remarkable hens thereby, until I found something must be done. I spent some considerable time in watching one of my cock birds that had cut hens nearly every day. I found after very careful watching that the cutting was invariably done by his hind or back toe-nail or claw clinching the flesh to save himself from slipping off. I caught the cock and, with a pair of shears, cut the nails or claws from his hind toes close to the toe. I found the operation proved a certain preven- tive, he never in a single instance tore or cut a hen after that. It hurt him none, and was never noticed by anyone. This has ever since been my remedy whenever I have a cock or cockerel at all inclined to tear or cut the hens, and never have had a hen cut by the cock after performing the above operations. Tours respectfully, New HiVEN, Conn., May 15, 1875. Ezra B. Dibble. SALE OF EGYPTIAN RABBITS. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: I have sold to Mr. B. F. Lewis, Gwynedd, Pa., my pair Egyptian rabbits and their progeny. The old pair were imported in March, 187i, per City of Boston, from Mr. Caywood, Gloucester, England. They have been much admired for their large size and great beauty, and took first premium wherever exhibited last season. Tours truly, Eben P. Day. a query about " ova." Friend Wade : In your last number of Fanciers' Journal I read an able but rather technical article, by Dr. Goodwin, on the subject of the " Ova of Birds," which interested me. The article in itself was very good, and the physiological illustrations elaborate, and sufficiently scientific; but, in spite of its FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 317 clearness and explanatory charnotor in a general way, I do seen ; second, it protrudeg to the bulge or larger part j not find in tliis paper what everybody desires most to learn about (this season, especially), as to the causes why eggs do not hatch in 1875? We can all see, by examining the communication referred to, how eggs arc formed; what they are, incipiently ; how tlioy are atl'eetcd by the focundiitiiig application of tho male Ihiid ; when tho fecundation ccimmenccs in tho ova ; and how it matures, from the beginning to the laying of the jier- fcct-shellod egg. But, tho hatching season of 1875 has thus far, within my own e.Kpcrioncc, and tlirough what I hear from scores of hitherto annually successful breeders, in all directions, proved strangely disastrous ; and, no one can tell us why tho eggs do not hatch this year. "One chick out of thirteen eggs, only." " Two chicks (one dead in the shell) out of twelve eggs." " Four chicks just hatched, out of thirteen eggs — two half grown." "Three chicks out uf the last dozen eggs set, and two dead ones, only." These and many similar accounts come to us as the result of this season's early work among good breeders, who have managed their fowls precisely in 1875 as they have hitherto cared for and tended them — until this year success- fully. Now, can Dr. Goodwin answer my question ; and, will he give us some light on this plain query, for the benefit of tho fraternity ? No doubt he will — if he can. It is beyond my ken. I have bred fowls thirty years, and this is the first year I have ever known of the existence of this dis- couraging result in egg-hatching, in all quarters. I hope the doctor, who has just given us so excellent an article upon the (/enecmi subject in question, in your columns, will enlighten us, if possible, as to why eggs, when formed (as he explains so lucidly), do not hatch this year anywhere. Melkose, Mass., May, 1875. B. third, it drops out. Tho other way (small end first) she would bo straining all the time. This is the reason why tho egg is pointed ; being shelled as it passes through the duct, and finishing off at tho small end all the time. Yours very truly, \Vm. J. Pyle. SjWy^LL PeJ DEf^F^J|VIE[Jj AND YOUNG FOLK'S CORNER. i^- AH communications and contributions Intended for this depart- ment should be addressed to HOWAKD I. IRELAND, Camden, N. J. GOOD WORDS FOR THE "JOURNAL." Mr. John C. Welles, of Athens, Pa., writes: "I am pleased to see the Journal so well patronized by advertisers, and I trust it is beginning to pay its way. It certainl}- im- proves with age. The new arrangement of title-page is a decided improvement; it is splendid." Mr. P. A. Miller, Susquehanna Depot, Pa., writes as fol- lows : " I have just received my Fanciers' Journal, and am very much pleased with the new title-page. It grows better every week, and is a decided improvement upon Vol. I. I send you a copy of Gazette, with a large advertisement of the Journal, which I have put in at my expense, in hopes that in this way I may add to your list of subscribers." [Mr. Miller has our thanks for a large, well-displayed advertisement. — Ed.] "the ovary and oviduct." Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : No. 18 of tlie Fanciers' Journal is before me, and is of unusual interest to mo, having Dr. Goodwin's rep- HOW TO TKAIN CATS. W. Gordon Staple.s, M. D., C. M., R. N., has a book on cats, in which he tells how you can teach tricks to an intel- ligent pussy. There, for instance, is the common trick of jumping through your arms. Begin, he says, by holding the arms low between your legs ; then hold them on one side and make her jump either way ; raise your arms higher and higher, till, standing erect, you form a large P, and puss springs through tho bend of it; and, finally, she may be taught to jump over your head — if you are not too tall. You can, with patience, teach her to go through a hoop — even covered with thin tissue paper (at first, this must be oiled, so as to be nearly transparent), or you can dip your hoop in methylated spirits of wine, and she will go through all the same. Many wonderful stories of cat sagacity are told by the learned surgeon — stories both pathetic and amusing. The doctor once, as he tells us, drowned a favorite animal rather than leave it with people who would not take good care of it. There is devotion for you ! He tells about one pussy who knew certain days in the week. A shopkeeper had a Tom tabby which he kept night and day in bis shop, to keep oft' mice and rats. On Satur- days, Tom was allowed to accompany his master home, a distance of nearly a mile, and to remain at home until the following Monday. Pussy got used to this ; and as the shop was always kept opened until ten o'clock on Saturdays, Tom regularly left the place and went home three hours before his master. On Monday morning, he was always ready to go back with him again. W^hen he grew older ho tired of night duty. So to avoid this, he would leave the shop when his master made signs of putting up the shutters. He would wait a convenient distance till his master came, but finding that he was always caught and carried back, he took to leaving the shop an hour before closing time. His master used to overtake him half-way home, but never could lay hands on him. Here are some more of Mr. Staples' stories : The door of a bird's cage having been by accident left open, the pet canary flew out, and at once made for the outside door, which happened to be opened. Tho cat, however, imme- diately gave chase, and captured the bird in the lobby. In- stead of making a dish of Dickie, Tom at once returned and resentation of the ovary and oviduct, showing the passage I placed the frightened bird at his mistress' feet, and explaining the formation of the egg. It is not entirely j A cat that lived in an out-house was seen one day to take satisfactory to me. He should have stated how far the egg deliberately a portion of her dinner and place it in front of passed through the duct before it became full-grown and ] a mouse-hole in a corner. She then retired to a distance tight-skinned. It receives no shell until it is, or otherwise ' and sot herself to watch. Not many minutes after, a fine, it would not be of its proper shape. The illustrations show ! plump mouse came out, gave one look around, and, seeing the egg coming small end first. This is a grand mi.sti»ke, as j nothing suspicious, commenced to eat the crumbs; while the large end comes first, which is headforemost according to ' the mouse was thus pleasantly engaged, pussy made the nature. Tho hen has but three pains: first, the egg is fatal spring. 318 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. At the end of the volume is an index of names and ad- dresses of authorities ; and the author says that his anec- dotes are sample anecdotes, and nothing would give him greater pain than that the reader should have an idea that his cats are exceptional cats. He distinctly avers that " no cat mentioned in this book has either done or suffered any- thing which any other cat in the kingdom cannot do or suffer." HOW TO MAKE AND USE BIRD LIME. Priend Wade. Dear Sir : In order that " U. M.," who inquired in arecent number of the Fanciers' Journal, if any one could give a recipe for making bird lime, for catching singing birds and birds for taxidermist's use, I cheerfuUj' give the recipe and, what is more, the secret how to use it successfully. Having been somewhat out of health when quite a boy, I found time to amuse myself, at the same time pecuniarily benefit my- self, by making and selling the lime ; also, selling many varieties of our most beautiful small birds. But, as I am now forty-two years of age, I only find leisure time to de- vote to my larger pets, i.e., Light Brahmas. But to the bird lime. I understand from men who have lived in Europe, that their bird lime is made from the bark of the holly tree, but have never heard of a single holly tree in this country. My bird lime is made of pure, common linseed oil (the same as used by our painters). I take two quarts of the raw oil, put it in an iron pot or skillet; make a fire in the yard away from the house, to avoid the smell, also to be clear of danger of fire. Make a fire under the kettle, and when it gets well boiling, I put well-lighted sticks in the oil, setting the oil on fire and let it burn down until there is no more than one half left ; it should be as thick and stringy as tar and about the same color. This constitutes the bird lime. When the lime is sufficiently burned down, the pot must be set from off the fire, and the fire on the oil inside must be smothered out, by closely laying over the pot a damp piece of old carpet, or any other old rag, leaving it over closely until the fire is wholly out. When perfectly cool you have the bird lime ready for use. Now the secret how to use it. Many are of the opinion that bird lime can simply be plastered on any limb or stick, or on top of a fence, or any place, and that the birds will come down by the hundreds and stick there until some kind friend comes to their rescue and cages them. I can only say this is a vague impression. Much depends upon the skill and dexterity of the operator. In the first place, I prepare myself with a dozen or more twigs, from the ex- treme ends of some hard wood bushes, those that are dead or without sap (that the oil will stick to them), straight, small twigs about four inches long. Apply the lime to the twigs, and, by laying them together, as they lay, twist them one in each thumb and finger, carefully drawing them from each other until the lime is evenly and thinly covered on the twigs ; the larger ends should be cut like a wedge. These twigs should be from five to six inches in length. Then supply yourself with a straight limb, about as thick as your thumb, with the bark on, but free from any twigs ; this limb can be from two to five feet in height; you must draw your knife through two or three places on different sides of the stick, leaving it so you can place the small twigs into it. Now you have the tools, next is the decoy bird. If you have a live bird in a small, open wire cage, you are all right ; if not, you will be under the necessity of first shooting a male bird, of any variety you wish to trap; run a small, stiff wire through him, so he will hold up his head as if alive and standing natural. Or, after you catch a single live bird, of course use him instead, and he will do his own calling. I then go out into the woods, forests, or groves where the variety of birds are which I most desire to catch, and select- ing a vacant, clear spot of ground, I get sight of the wild bird or birds I am after, and set my standard by pushing it in the ground, and catch my splints in the standard so very lightly as barely to hold up their own weight. Then at the foot of the standard I set my decoy bird ; if a dead decoy, I have to use my own imitation chirp or whistle, imitating the call or sound of the particular bird that I have set for. (To expedite business I often used to go out with some half dozen varieties of live call birds, so when I could see either variety I would set for them.) When the trap is properly set I always secrete myself be- hind a clump of bushes or trees, watching carefully the wild bird as he approaches the decoy. As there is no other bush or limb for him to alight on, except the set twigs, he hops first upon one of them, and, as they are caught in the stand- ard limb very lightly, down goes the twig with the bird stuck fast to it by his feet ; and, as he feels the twig giving way, he fiaps his little wings to arise, but, instead, his wing tips are also caught on the lime twigs, and the bird goes to the ground on his back. Then is the time of excitement ; for the trapper must lose no time in running for the bird, catching him before he can release himself from the twig, which he will often do in a moment, as sometimes the twig sticks more fast to the grass than to the bird, and he pulls himself away. I have sometimes been three hours trying to catch an oriole, or an indigo, or a red bird, and not then be success- ful. But when I had live calls, 1 very often caught from four to ten in a single summer afternoon. Of course the trapper should be supplied with a cage to put his birds in as he catches them ; and, to prevent the wild pets from bump- ing their heads against the wires, I cover the cage with a coarse, loose towel or cloth. I am well aware that some will say, how cruel to catch the little pets and then imprison them. I can only say to them, I never have found time to engage in this business since I was quite a youngster ; but there are thousands who have their pet canaries, mocking-birds, and very many other pet birds and animals, and if they have any such that they wish to get rid of, please feend them to me in a beautiful cage. I assure them that the}' shall have the verj' best care and attention, and be very well fed with all the luxuries of the seasons; and, they need never make use of the above knowl- edge of how to make bird lime and how to use it. Very respectfully j'ours. New Haven, Conn. Ezra B. Dibble. 8@- More Birds for America. — A very deserving in- stitution has recently been established in Cincinnati, under the title of the Cincinnati Acclimatization Society ; its ob- ject being to effect the introduction of such foreign birds as are worthy of note for their song or the services to the far- mer and horticulturist. The society announces the last spring it expended §5000 in introducing fifteen additional species of birds, and that it has already successfully accom- plished the acclimatization of the European skj'lark, which is stated to be now a prominent feature of the summer land- scape in the vicinity of Cincinnati. Among the species which it is proposed to introduce is the European titmouse, considered abroad as one of the most successful foes of in- sects injurious to vegetation. — Manufacturer and Builder, FANCIEUS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, MAY 27, 1875. No. 21. (From the Scientific American.) AMATEUR TAXIDERMY. MiiiiKRA IK l;ii(iwli'ilj;i; of pnicticnl taxidi'iTiiy noce.ssitutes two essontiul i|imlific;itions. First, a toiicli both gonllu iiiul deliciito ; second, sonic knowloilgo of naturiil lii.story and nniUomy. A bndly-preparcd bird or animal is worthless as a specimen, and a ghastly object to behold. The last-niuntionod application will, we liavc no doubt, be pociilinrly appli- cable to the result of our reader's first eflort after ho rises from the perusal of tbelinos below. We do not say this in order to discourage such attempt — far from it — but merely to insinuate, in advance, that the practice of the art is not half so easy as it appears from the simple description of the various processes. Therefore we hope that all who, having armed themselves with scalpel and forceps, are now sitting with the victim of Tabby's last raid on the canary cage in front of them, and this pajjer spread out in a convenient position for reference, will blame, not our elucidation, but their own iue.xpcrience, if, in lieu of tlio life-like iftiage existing in their mind's eye, a badly rumpled little knob of yellow feathers reward their toil. Skill is only to bo gained by study and practice, and the path is sure to be thickly strewn with monstrosities in astonishing variety ; but, when once a certain degree of deftness is attained, tlie student will lind that an occasional ramble through the woods, with a light shot gun for com- pany, will bo sure to produce enough interesting specimens to keep him amused, as well as instructed, during many of his leisure evenings. We should begin with a small chicken. Not that a stufled chicken — unless of cnurso, its interior he lilled with bread crumbs, and iti exterior he roasted — is an object of extraordinary beauty, or at all suggestive of anything in particular, but because it is easy to get, and it has a moder- ately tough skin. Besides, if we are economically inclined, the meat will make good soup, and need not he wasted. Do not hi\giu with a canary, nor with a chippy, or any other small bird. Stuff several chickens first, or any larger animals. We will suppose, now, that the student is seated at his work-bench. A defunct pullet elevates its rigid claws in the air before him. He has rolled up his sleeves, and is about to make his initial incision. Before ho docs so, let us look over his kit of tools. Our artist has sketched them all, on the table before the individual which, in the largo engraving, ho represents at work, and in Fig. 2. First, there is the scalpel. This can be purchased for a small sum from any maker of surgeons' instruments. The blade is short and very sharp, while the handle (not jointed) is long enough to allow of a firm grasp. From the same maker, a couple of pairs of surgeons' scissors should also be obtained, one quite small and sharp-pointed, the other of medium size ; also, two or three spring forceps of various dimensions. A small pair of pliers for clipping wire is required, some spools of cotton (Nop. Hi, 30, and lOOj, a quantity of excel- sior and tow, some cotton batting, a little prepared glue, a number of pieces of wire about fifteen inches long, and straight (size. No. 20 or thereabouts), a box of dry oatmeal, and some arsenical soap. This lastcan generally beobtaincd of druggists, or, if not, can be made of carbonate of potash, three ounces; white arsenic, white soap, and air-slacked lime, one ounQC each ; and powdered camphor, three-six- teenth of an ounce. This is combined into a thick paste with water, and applied as below described, with a small paint brush. It should be marked as poison, and kept scru- pulously out of the reach of children or pet animals. Fig. 2.— T.ixirtermlcal Implement. If the bird has been shot, immediately afterwards all the holes made in its body, as well as the mouth, should be plugged with cotton, in order to prevent the escape of blood or liquids. Operations should not bo begun for twenty-four hours, so that the body may have ample tiine to stitfen, and the blood to coagulate. It is well during this period to in- close the bird, head downwards, in a cone of paper, so that the feathers will bo held smooth. See initial letter. The first process is skinning, and it is in this operation that delicacy and neatness is required. In commencing, the left hand is used to part the feathers, exposing the skin from the apex of the breast bono to the tail. With the scalpel held like a pen, a free incision is made between these jwints, as shown in Fig. ;>, care being taken to divide the skin only, without cutting into the flesh. The skin is then pressed apart, and oatmeal dusted into the cut, in order to absorb 326 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. any fluids which may escape. Careful lifting of the skin clear of the flesh follows until the leg is reached, when the scalpel is again used to disarticulate the thigh joints. The bone of each thigh is then exposed for its whole length, by pushing back the skin, and the meat removed, when the bone is replaced, and the other thigh treated in similar manner. The skin is next detached, to the wings, which are cut the back bone, near the oil gland, at the root of the tail, is exposed. Sever the back bone at the joint. This delache.s the body, which may be removed and thrown aside, while the root of the tail, with the oil gland, is left. Great care is needed in this operation, as, if not enough bone be left at its root, the tail will come out, but all fleshy matter should be neatly dissected away. THE TAXIDERMIST AT WORK. from the body at the joint next the same, and the bones scraped clear of meat. Then the neck is divided, so that the skin, with the head attached, can be peeled from the entire body clear to the root of the tail. The last is bent toward the back with the left hand, the finger and thumb keeping down the detached parts of the skin on each side of the vent. A deep cut is then made across the latter until The neck now requires attention. This need not be split or in any wise cut. The skin is merely pulled over the flesh, as a glove is removed from the finger, until the skull is exposed and appears as in the sketch, Fig. 4. With the point of the knife, remove the ears ; and, on reaching the eyes, carefully separate the lids from the eyeballs, cutting neither. It requires very delicate and slow work at this (To be continued,) FANCIEIiS- JOURNAL AND POULTltY EXCHANfiE. 327 PodLjF^Y DEpy^F^TI^ENT- "LIKE BEGETS LIKE." Aa read by H. Woodwnrd, at a mcfitiiiK of the "Social Stock Club," Worcester, Mass. If animals and plants had novor been domesticated, says Mr. Darwin, wo should never have heard the saying, that "Like begets like;" for the propositions would have been as self-evident as that all the buds upon the same tree are alike. This idea, that " like begets like," has been received and held for a long period, as iin infallible law for the guid- ance of both professional and non-professional in all the phases of agricultural and horticultural science. To ques- tion its accuracy, or test its soundness, would have been considered an act of the rankest heresy, and the ofTender against its fiat, looked upon as a reckless venturer adrift upon a trackless sea, without either helm or ballast. In a conscientious belief in this idea, thousands of hard earned treasures have been expended in costly stock, and the high hopes and sanguine expectations of cultivators and breeders buoyed up by the grand achievements which were to bo obtained in some distant future, only to be dashed to the ground by the hard-pan fact drawn from bitter experi- ence, that a given quality in parent or germ will not insure a like quality in product or offspring. Wo are told by a distinguished agriculturist, " That the law which has been laid down, that like produces like, is subject to so many variations — that the practical farmer, who desires that his like shall bo the best like, that his cat- tle shall be standard cattle, that the point to which he aims shall be the highest point — is liable to be utterly discouraged in his etlorts." The fact is patent, that we have not sufficiently borne in mind that all our breeding of stock and our cultivation of plants is artificial ; that nature is always everting all her forces to bring us back to original types, and (hat all the skill and science which wo can command are hardly suffi- cient to enable us to keep our advantage. By in and in-breed- ing, and by a strict adherence to nature's law of counter- action, wo are able to keep our several varieties up to a certain degree of perfection ; but, admit one cross, and the whole ecouoiuy of nature seems to bo thrown out of gear, and there will be, ever afterwards, a tendency to revert back to the original type. The experiments of scientists and breeders are a sufficient proof of the accuracy of this, without any authentication drawn from our own oxperienoo. Nor do we appear to have remembered that of this question of reproduction very little is known ; that .science has not as yet been able to penetrate its mystery ; that the questions which have arisen, and will arise, in relation to it can only be answered by patient and scientific experiments; and, that this animate nature is so sensitive, and so much influenced by outward circumstance* and conditions, that no definite law can bo laid down which will or can control its operations. Sfienco Icache.s that although wo know that certain charactorifticii are trans- mitted from parent to ofl'spring — wheo and how, or in what manner, are questions upon which wo are profoundly igno- rant, and unless wo arc informed upon this subject it is hopeless for us to expect to have any influence over the pro- duction of our domestic animals. Again, we are told that this power of transmission is ex- ceedingly variable, that Bomo specimens, or individuals, have it in a marked degree, and others are entirely destitute of this power, and that this variation cannot be accounted for u\)on any known theory. We have well authenticated statements from distinguished breeders, that a very small percentage of high-bred stock reproduce their good quali- ties in their offspring. Col. Morris, in a paper upon cavalry horses, says the cel- ebrated " West Australian," a marvelous borse-winner of the Derby and St. Ledger of the same year, failed to pro- duce his qualities, although mated with .some of the best stock in England. The same was true of " Prince " in this country, very few of whose colts partook of his excellences. The same is true of sheep. Mr. Hammond states that a very large percentage of his merino rams are worthless as repro- ducers of the virtues of this celebrated breed. So with poultry, and our best breeders know full well that their suc- cess depends largely upon their thorough system of breeding out, and the free use of the axe. Again, we are told that dray horses would not long transmit their great size and massive limbs if compelled to live upon a cold, damp, moun- tain region. A writer in a recent English paper says : " In the breeding of horses it is quite true that one may begin with a mare, the product of which will bring him in an an- nual nugget, but the chances are ninety-nine out of a hun- dred against it. Every good breeder knows very well that if he takes two animals from the same parents, and places one in the stall and gives it the care and attention which it requires, and puts the other out on the bleak and stormy mountain side to shift for itself, they will not grow and be- come alike in any respect; and again, if the product of these two were to be treated reversely, the cousins would probably resemble each other in all es.sentials, but the oflT- spriiig would nut resemble cither sire or dam. Thus wo see that care and proper attention to the details, and other out- ward circumstances, have a vast deal to do with this art of breeding, and that like will not produce like except under the most favorable conditions and circumstances, and that it is not to be implicitly relied on even then. In this matter, as well as in many others of equal importance, we have too long accepted the theory of others without having troubled ourselves with the proof of its soundness or accuracy. But times have changed and the world has grown wiser, and now everything must be submitted to the test before being accepted. Henceforth, wo arc to receive no man's " say-so " for our guide, but carefully analyze everything that bears upon our specialty and hold only to that which proves to be good. "PETE SMILEY" ON VARIOITS SUBJECTS. Mr. AVade : Es usucl on last Fridy I meandurd over tew "Smith's store " (which is the Post-orffice), to get my Jernel, an es usuel I found the Parson, Capen T., Squire B., Kurneli S., 328 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. au a hull crowd a watin to hev me. read the Jernel tew them. Bs I wer procedin to tare orf the rapper, Parson P. remarked, " 1 dew most sinserly hope thet its colums contanes nothin from the quill of thet unpious ' young breeder ' who spends his Bundles in the back-yard." "Amen to thet," sez the Deacon. I hev great respect for the Fancers' Jernel, an it is ter be hopt thet all sich immorel stuff will be excluded tharfrom. When 1 show'd em thet picter on thet "im- proved Sharpless chicken coop," Cap. T. sez, " I swan to guinea ef I can see whar the improvement comes in ; thet ar picter es a prezact likeness of ther ginuine "Sharpless coop " which I seed when I war in Shoetown. All the dif- ference thet I kin see es thet in thet picter ther platform es fastened on with hinges, but Mr. Sharpless bed his put on with hooks and stapless, an yew cood put em on an take em orf in a giffy." " How long sinse yew wer at Shoetown ? " axed Parson P. "4teen years ago come next tater digin time," sez Capen T. Arter I'd red thet story about ther dorg in church, an ther " Hunters and ther Dorgs," Squire B. sez (pintin with his walking-stick tew the Kurnell's leetle, yaller, short-tail'd dorg), "Kurnell, whot breed on dorgs es thet o'3'ourn?" Now evrybody noes thet ther Kurnell's dorg es only a cross atwixt a board-yard an a kentry-yaller, so the Squire's re- mark raised a larf et ther Kurnell's expense ; but the Kur- nell wus ekal tew ther occashun. "Gentlemen" sez ther Kurnell, "thet haint a werry hansom dorg I'll alow, but like me, he makes no pretenshun to exquisit beauty, but, he's gust the durndest knowinest dorg thet ever wore bar ; he's got more instink, thet dorg hes, an more savey an pen- tration, an insite into human natur, gist in thet ugly old calabosh o'hisn nor can be foun in ther beds ov a hole caboo- dle ov yer eddicated town-dorgs, Poodles and sich. What I pride in him fur, es his reglar humen sence, he's gist ther durnd'st dorg out; now ef I go home sober (wen I've left him ter see arter ther farm), it wood gist doo yor harts good ter see thet dorg show orf whot sence or apreashion he's got o'me. Gentlemen, his gloris tail stans ereck an he gyrates about like a chinees joss with ther jim-jams, he runs on afore me scrachin up ther airth with his hind feet an sendin ther grass an chips a flyin ; he holds up his bed an barks in a cheerf'l an manly tone ov vice, escortin me onerd an feelin prouder'n ef he'd treed a mice up a mullen stock ; but let me cum home full ov corn juice, bed-bug pisin, an peanut whisky, an thet es ther durndst shamedst dorg yew ever seed ; he gist guvs one look et me an he noes it all ; down go's hes tail, he laps hes years, hangs his bed, an squat his back, an lookin back now an then, he sneaks orf an crauls und'r ther cow-stable, acterly ashamed tew be seen about ther premisez fur feer somebody '11 fine out thet I own him." "I tell yer gentlemen," sez ther Kurnell, "he's the cutest dorg, for rite out an out human sence, thet ever wus seen in these parts, an I've a grate notion tew send on a quarter an git him " pedigreed." " Tes," sez Parson F. "but them 25 cent pedigrees air only fur chickens." "Wall," sez ther Kurnell, " I reckon thet ther quarter es ther main pint with ther pedigree man." When I left fur hum tew dew up ther chores an mills, the Kurnell an the Parson wer goin it heavy on ther pedigree dodge. Tours feelinlj', Pete Smilet. THE FIRST PROBLEM : The Soliloquy of a Rationalistic Chicken. BY S. J. STONE, M.A. Most strange I [change ! Most queer, though most excellent a Shades of the prison-house, ye disappear ! My fettered thoughts have won a wider And, like my legs, are free ; [range. No longer huddled up so pitiably : Pree now to pry and probe, and peep and peer, And make these mysteries out. Shall a free-thinking chicken live in doubt ? Por now in doubt undoubtedly I am : This problem's very heavy on my mind, And I'm not one to either shirk or sham : I won't be blinded, and I- won't b« [blind. Now, let me see : First, I would know how I got in there ? Then, where I was of yore? Besides, why did'nt I get out before ? Dear me ! [more). Here are three puzzles (out of many Enough to give me pip upon the brain. But let me think again : How do I know I ever ivas inside? Now I reflect, it is, I do maintain. Less than my reason, and beneath my To think that I could dwell [pride. In such a paltry miserable cell As that old shell. Of course I couldn't. How could / have lain, [wings, Body and beak, and feathers, legs and And my deep heart's sublime imagin- In there? [ings, I meet the notion with profound disdain ; It's quite incredible; since I declare (And I'm a chicken that you can't de- ceive) [^believe. And what I can't understand I won't Where fZtrf I come from, then? Ah! where indeed? This is a riddle monstrous hard to read ; I have it I Why, of course, All things are moulded by some plastic force [space. Out of some atoms somewhere up in Fortuitously concurrent anyhow : There, now ! That's plain as the beak upon my face. What's that I hear ? [way, My mother cackling at me ! Just her So prejudiced and ignorant /saj' ; So far behind the wisdom of the day. What's old I can't revere. Hark at her, " You're a silly chick, my dear. That's quite as plain, alack I As is the piece of shell upon your back ! " How bigoted ! upon my back, indeed ! I don't believe it's there. For I can't see it ; and I do declare. For all her fond deceivin' What I can't see I tieljer will believe in? ■ — Poultry Bulletin. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 329 PiqEO[^ DEpA,l\T|VlEplT. (For Kiiii(i.raM.,iirn!il.) PERFORMING PIGEONS. Mu. Wauk. Dkak Sir : In ono of the Journals of 1874, I noticed a clipping from a New York pnper, making mention of a Frencliman wlio was then exhibiting in tlio streets of Paris a number of trained pigeons; and, as the individual has made bis appearance in this city, it may not bo amiss to give, through the Journal, some account of how the birds go through their various performances. The eft'ects and articles pertaining to the caravan consist of a coop or cage (on wheels), divided into three compart- ments, the highest one having doors opening to the roof, and is used as a green room for the performers. The other two compartments are used as feeding and roosting places. The balance of the fixtures are made up with three flags — the Trench, a bright red, and a white one — and a bag of hemp seed, the latter used as a reward of merit, but judiciously. The places of exhibition are usually in some public place, or at the head of one of the broad streets in the upper part of the city. Everything being in readiness, the doors in the roof are thrown open, and the performers jump out and range themselves along tho cornice of the cage. The three principal "stars" are called by the names of "Captain," " Sergeant," and " Corporal." The former is a remarkably knowing bird, and " well up" in his particular parts — the principal one of which is, at command, to fly upon the staft' of the emblem of Prance, remaining in tluit position until rewarded witli some hemp seed, when he returns to his orig- inal position on the top of the cage. The performances consist of races, flying up in the air, returning at command, and races of two birds, three, and tho entire troupe, etc. At this point a collection is taken up by tho man's assistant, which is followed by the grand race of all, between the "Captain," " Sergeant," and another bird. The word being given, off they start, and are quickly out of sight; and to the spectators it would seem as if the birds wore lost ; but the Frenchman, after the diligent use of a silver whistle, succeeds in bringing them back to the coop, the doors of which are closed ; and, with a " merci tHessieui's," tho performances close, and the caravan moves to a position on the next block, and exhibits to an admiring crowd, as before. " Manhattan." P. S. — It might be as well to mention that tho birds re- semble our " Common " in everything but color. Nkw Yokk, May, 1ST5. The first prize being tho cup and first rooriRy pri/.e won by Mr. Peter Kershaw, 8in.09g. ; second money prize won by Mr. .John Parker, 8.17; third prize won by .Mr. Fred. Wood, 8.-.'4. .Joseph Uuckley, 8.2'j ; Fielding Taylor, 8.20 ; Benjamin Avro, 8.30; Hichard (Jwcn, 8..36; Levi Kostron, 8.46; John Dalton, 8.45; Kdward (;oy, 8,48; Daniel Spencer, 8,61 .1. Parker, 8..57; Ed. Hare, 8.49; Alfred Chr, 9.00; Joe, -herwood, 9.0;i ; John Firth, 9.07; Wm. Collins, 9.84 Win. Gladwin, 9.3.5; Jim Alker, 9.40; Mr. Toby, 9.48; Thomas Grist, 10.10; Arthur Chambers, 10.18; Ellis Graham, 10.4G. This match was got up by Mr. Jos. Buckley, who has given a good many prizes to encourage pigeon flying in Philadelphia. T. Grist, PiiiLADA., May 22, 1875. President of Philadelphia, No 1. Mr. Jos. M. Wade : Having made an arrangement with Mr. John Van Opstal, of New York, to fly a match for one hundred dollars and the championship gold medal, to come off on the 5lh of June, and as we are both desirous of making pigeon racing popular in this country, we friendly invite the members of the Flying Fancy to enter their birds for this race, and I will pay the entry foe for any bird entered from this city, and will give a gold medal to every gentlemen whose birds arrive on the same day it is tossed. Mr. Van Opstal, 408 Madison Street, N. Y., will cheerfully give any further information to New York fanciers. Kespectfully yours, Philada., May 15, 1S75. ThoS. GrIST, President Philadelphia Xo. 1 Homing Pigeon .'^ocieiy. PIGEON RACE. Mr. Jos. M. Wadk : Knowing that it will bo interesting to many of your read- ers. I hereby give you an account of tho pigeon-flying race which took place on the 17th, from Haddington to Phila- delphia, distance live miles, for a silver cup and three money prizes. SpOF\JS[Vi;\fj's DE[=A^F^J[HEfJj. lK"rl-:iueiersMournal.) LOG-BREAKING. RETRIBVINO. No. 2. In the first article I gave the main points in the prelimi- nary training of your pup, which is known among sportsmen as house or yard breaking; but, before taking him into the field, it will be well to learn him to retrieve. More than half the value of a bird-dog depends on his being a good retriever, and you will bo amply repaid for the time and trouble it takes to teach him, although some, who call them- selves sportsmen, say that it spoils a dog. This idea they have imported along with their English-broke dogs, no doubt, for in England the dogs are all they should be; but in this country, or in the New England States, at least, we want an entirely different class of dogs. I have shot over several imported dogs that cost their owners long prices, 330 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. but have yet to see a good one. They were passably good on quail in the open field, but for woodcock or partridge hunting, I would sooner have a two year old colt; they are altogether too fast, too heedless, and range too far oft'. But to return to retrieving ; you will begin by placing something soft in his mouth (an old glove or ball of yarn is best), and make him retain it by saying, " fetch." When he holds it willingly, take it from him and reward him with a piece of cake. Practice him at this until he will take the glove from your hand on you saying "fetch." You may now toss it across the room and tell him to " fetch," he will probably obey promptly ; if not, you must take him to where you threw the glove, make him take it and carry it back. After he has learned to retain anything in his mouth, and to follow you without dropping it, you can throw the glove a little distance into the grass, out of his sight, and then tell him to " fetch ; " he will find and bring it without difficulty. Keep him at this until he will fetch from any distance. It is a good plan to make a cork bird for him to bring. Take a piece of cork and stick it full of wires ; wind yarn over it so as to cover the points, and draw the skin of a quail or woodcock over; fasten it on, leaving the wings loose. By using this the dog will learn to lift a bird by the wing, and to be careful not to close his mouth too hard. After he gets to fetching promptly anything you may wish, take a dead bird, one that has been killed long enough to get perfectly cold, and make him fetch it a few times. You may now let him fetch one that is fresh killed, or even a wing-tipped one, if you chance to get one. Dogs handled in this manner seldom if ever get hard mouthed. Always make your pup know in these lessons that it is business ; never allow him to think for a moment that it is play. Be sure to reward the dog when he performs well, and to punish him when he disobeys ; this will make him anxious to do his duty quickly, and he will not be so apt to stop and muss your bird when you first allow him to retrieve. In regard to the proper time to allow your pups to fetch dead game — some sportsmen say it should never be done till the second season, as it is apt to make them unsteady and hard-mouthed. Now this I must deny, for if they have been properly house-broke there is not the least danger. Any pup under a year old (if he has not been permitted to kill vermin), will not try to bite or mouth his first game, but will retrieve it promptly if told to do so. It is not puppy nature to bite hard at anything and he should be allowed the pleasure of fetching the first birds killed over him. He will learn much quicker what is required and to look to the gun for assistance ; besides, it affords some com- pensation for the thrashings he will get. B. P. White. THE WILD PIGEON. Mr. Editob : As population increases the wild pigeon, or passenger pigeon, as Wilson denominates it, steadily decreases. The immense flocks that every spring, thirty years ago, would be seen passing over Pennsylvania and neighboring States, are comparatively now but rarely observed. Fifty years ago this bird was numerous in the vicinity of Philadelphia, but of late it seldom shows itself within a hundred miles of our city except in small fiocks. Its great power of flight enables it lo pass over an immense space in a brief period. The bird has been killed in the State of New York with crops full of rice which it could not have collected this side of North Carolina, that being the nearest locality where they might have procured a supply. As the bird digests its food in twelve hours it must have traveled nearly four hundred miles in about six hours, which would indicate its power of flight to be at the rate of a mile a minute. In speaking of this bird Audubon says, that in the fall of 1813, he left his home in Henderson, on the banks of the Ohio, on his way to Louisville. Near Hardinsburg, Ken- tucky, he found the air filled with pigeons. The light of the sun was obscured as if by an eclipse. The excrement from this mighty collection of birds fell like flakes of snow, and the ceaseless buzzing of the wings had a very lulling influ- ence. When he reached Louisville, fifty-three miles from Hardinsburg, the pigeons were still flying in undiminished numbers, and continued to do so for three days afterwards. The banks of the Ohio were lined with men and boys constantly shooting at the passing birds. An immense num- ber were thus destroyed, and for over a week pigeons formed the principal article of food with many thousands of people. A friend residing in Detroit informs me that last year there was an extensive flock of these birds in Benzie county, Michigan. It was estimated that it occupied a space of four square miles in which area every tree was thronged with the birds. Several hundred men were employed nearly two weeks in shooting and catching them, during which time many barrels of dressed pigeons packed in ice and hun- dreds of live birds were daily shipped from Frankfort. This " roost," which was but a few miles from Frankfort, was in a forest of beech trees. The pigeon almost always selects a grove of these trees when it intends to make a halt for re- freshments, as it is particularly fond of the beech-nut, on which it rapidly fattens if not constantly disturbed by the horde of gunners who usually invade the pigeon roosts. Many men make shooting and catching the pigeons a business, and are supplied with all the paraphernalia necessary to take the birds in large numbers, Being acquainted with the habits of the birds, they follow the flock as it changes its location. In the early part of March one or more great fiocks start north from the extreme southern States, stopping for one or two weeks in favorite localities, after a flight of a hundred miles or more. These men by observing the direction of the flight follow, and generally find plentj'of purchasers for the birds at the rate of from a dollar to a dollar and a half per dozen. It is on account of this immense destruction after the migration has commenced, that the number of late years have decreased so rapidly, and in the old haunts where they were so numerous in my boyhood days they are now known no more. — S. T. C, in Germaniown Telegraph. j8@" Albany Tkade with CALiroRNiA. — There is a considerable trade existing between this city and Califor- nia, usually via New York with the steamship lines. To-day we notice a change in the programme. B. A. Wendell, the poultry fancier, has sold, and this afternoon will ship on the lightning express, to Henry Blackman, of Valejo, Cali- fornia, a former resident of this city, a cage containing one pair of Bronze Turkeys that have taken one first and one second premium, a trio of Dark Brahma fowls that have also taken a first and one second premium, and a trio of Lop- eared Babbits that have taken four first premiums at State and county fairs. They go as extra baggage, and will be met at Syracuse by Mr. Blackman, who is now returning home. Mr. Wendell's fowls have a celebrity that extends the length and breadth of the country. — Ex. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 331 IjEIV" S. 8®"Tho young Muscovy Duko Alexis isplnying the very (Id'iico with the court traditions of Europe. Ho ia living happily with his vvifo. "Why shouldn't he, if so disposed? Jpriy WhiTi Ills wife discovered ft bottle of it in his coat- tnil pocliol, ho sbiid it was Sozodont. She said it was all riijht, " Sozodont take too much of it." J(!%jy- fjady Burdfilt Coutts certifies from personal knowl- edge that one Parisian millim-r uses 40,000 humming- birds every season, and she thinks that at such a rate the species will soon be extinct. B®° Dio Lewis says ; "Let a woman teach school five years and no man can live with her as a wife." [Dio Lewis is hard on the teachers, but as far as our ex- perience and observation goes he is very near right. Why is it?— El).] J6®~ A lady writer in the Chicago Journal is severe upon cruelty to hor.ses. She says, "A thousand shames upon the brute who would lash the terrified horse I Go whip your wife— you are capable of it. Toll roe a young man will make a good husband if he will abuse a dumb brute I I tell you I would rather marry a Sepoy! Take my advice, ye young maidens contemplating matrimony — never marry a man who is impudent to his mother, snubs his sister, helps himself to the largest piece of cake or takes the under flap- jack at the table, or beats his horses causelessly in sudden temper." J8ig~A Golden Chicken. — The Vallejo(Cal.)7)irf«/)e«rfe«< describes the following singular search for a gold mine : A short time ago Smith & Barr sold a chicken to a customer. A day or two ago the customer returned, and was anxious to learn from whom Smith & Barr had purchased that chicken. At first ho declined to tell why he wished to know, but finally told that he had found pieces of gold in the chicken's crop, and was satisfied that there must be plenty of it where the chicken came from. The chicken was traced to a man and his wife, who brought down a lot from Lake County, and the gold-hunter started off in quest of the chicken-raisers. He is going to scour the country until he finds them, and then ho expects to see gold lying around upun the ground loose and in great abundance. J8©° A Pbtrified Goose.— The Yolo, Cal., Mail, some days before the first of April, told the following goose story : " While hunting in the tules, near the sink of Cache creek, on Monday last, Abe Green, an old hunter, discovered a petrified wild goose standing upright, with legs buried one-half in the adobe soil. Ho tlunight at first it was living, and, creeping closely up, fired his gun at it, but the bird did not budge an inch. He thought it very strange and walked up to it. He found it dead, and, in trying to pick it up, was astonished at the immense weight. It had turned to a stone, and a mark on its wing near the forward joint showed where the shot had struck it, knocking a piece ofl'. He managed to raise it up out of the ground, and when be laid it down a piece dropped from its breast, disclosing a hollow inside, from which clear pure water commenced running. Its feathers were very natural, and its appearance was cal- culated to deceive, so life-like. He took it to his cabin, down the canal, a few miles back of Washington, where it can be seen by those who wish to see such a strange and un- usual sisrht." t9* How TO Utilize Squirrels. — Milcg Brotbers, man- ufacturers of brushes in Brooklyn, N. Y.,Bont the following letter to the Governor of California: "Some time since wo saw in the papers that your State was overrun by squirrels. Now, these little animaU enter largely into the manufacture of brushes. The hair on their tails is the so-called camel's hair. The skins arc imported from Germany and liussia by the hundred thousand. The price several years ago was $10 per thousand, but it has been advanced until they are now wortii $:'0 to $40 per thousand, and it ia still advancing. We do not believe they are bothered much with squirrels in the old country, and California need not be if it was suggested that the State pay per head (or tail) for them; for perhaps the farmers or their boys would take hold and kill them oflT. A market can bo found for all that are killed. Should you think well of this you might have it published in some of the papers." No doubt many ways could be found for bringing the skins to market if this was generally known. J®" A Feathered Hunter. — The blue crane or heron of California is one of the most useful of the feathered tribe. In a field of alfalfa, where the mounds thrown up by the gophers are tlie thickest, may be seen the long-legged crane, with its sharp, yellow bill, standing guard over some fresh earth in course of distribution by the greatest pest, next to the squirrel, known to the farmer. Unlike the heron of the swamps and marshes of Florida, its neck is stretched to its full length while watching its prey. It is generally found standing alone in the field, as if it had deserted its kind, and its mission was to act the solitary sentinel of the meadow. Its bill is sharp, and as the gopher, with his feet and head pushing the soil, comes to the surface, it is sent through him like a dirk-knife, and he is brought out as if on a skewer. The bird seldom misses its mark ; when itdoes, as if disgusted with its blunder, it spreads its wings, and, with its long legs stretched out behind, takes its flight for another field. When the blackbirds flock in great numbers, picking up the scat- tered grain, the heron will often stand motionless as a stick till the birds gather around within reach, when it will send its sharp bill through one in an instant, and make as delicate a meal as a hunter could wish. jg®" A Cat Story. — There are a couple of dog stories in to-day's Oa:eiie, and we do not propose this department shall be run to the exclusion of ca/-astrophies. A bluff lady possesses an estimable, moral, and high-toned cat, which indeed recently figured in a tableau at a church sociable. She is sole owner of that cat yet, but pussy is in a bad way, creating in fact a decided sensation among the young doc- tors of the city, who unite in regarding this as a truly re- markable case, and one not met before in their extensive practice. It appears kitty got, in the process of feeding, a needle in her mouth. Biting on it, the sharp steel ran through her tongue, and actually pinned it down to the lower jaw. Professional aid was immediately summoned, but the distracted mistress, in the natural excitement of the oc- casion, endeavored herself, before surgeons arrived, to per- form the intricate operalion of removing the needle. But the cat, under an entire misconception of her charitable motive, performed some surgical operations on her fingers which she will remember long as she has the faintest recol- lection of that cat. We are sorry to announce, that the last reports cannot justity us in saying, as the needle has very perceptibly moved its position, whether it will eventually come out of the mouth of the cat, or whether the kitten may not try the old camel experiment of trying to crawl through the eye of a needle. 332 i^ancibrs' journal and poxjltet exchange. i €^ ANCIERS' IIOURNAL AND^OULTEY g^XOHANSE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Rattb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 North Uinth Street, Philadelphia SUBSCRIPTION PRICE-POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " TJ. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL I)EPART3IENT. As the Journal is daily increasing its circulation, and many of its subscribers are new candidates in the fancy, we deem it proper to call attention of such (and in fact to all others who are not yet members) to the American Poultry Association. All should become members as soon as prac- ticable. A glance at the long list of members shows us it embraces the leading prominent fanciers of the entire coun- try; and the work it accomplishes annually benefits each and every fancier personally. It therefore behooves all to countenance that which guards zealously over the welfare and rights of the fancier. There seeras to be a wrong con- struction upon the destination of the recently-organized National Poultry Association of the "West, and the New England Poultry Association ; and we have several letters' of inquiry asking whether they in any way conflict or oppose the A. P. A. We do not hesitate to state that, in our esti- mation, neither has any idea of opposing it in any respect, and that both of these new associations only designate their aspirations as of a local character, whereas all recognize the A. P. A. as the national standard-bearer of the entire fancy, devoted to no particular section but the best interests of fan- ciers— north, south, east, and west. As will be seen, the officers represent all portions of the country. The proceed- ings at the recent Buffalo meeting evinces the fact that the fancier's interest was studied by the determination and will- ingness exhibited to bring out the standard in a worthy manner, and in such style that we may feel a pride in its circulation. "We understand the energetic President, Mr. Charles A. Sweet, has kindly offered Col. Bstes desk-room in his oflico, and that he will go to Buffalo about June 1st. This will certainly expedite matters, and we may soon look for the standard. May we not ask in this connection, Is it not time there was a meeting convened of the Executive Committee to devise plans to place the register and appointment of judges into practical working order ? Very many of the poultry associations will soon hold their annual election for officers, and doubtless in each there will be persons suitable and com- petent to become judges, who will be desirous of availing themselves of the " new order," and the association should " take time by the forelock," and be prepared. The signifi- cation of five of the Executive Committee constitutes au- thority to call a session of the Executive Committee, and seven is a quorum. "We sincerely trust the Executive Com- mittee will see the importance of speedy action. The pages of the Journal are always open to promulgate the meetings of the A. P. A. The Committee appointed by the A. P. A. at Buffalo, in Eebruary, through its chairman, Dr. A. M. Dickie, and Mr. J. B. Delhi, one of the members, had a conference with the Chief of the Agricultural Bureau of the Centennial, Mr. Landreth, to see what is doing, or to be done, in reference to the poultry display at the International Exposition. The whole matter seems to be somewhat chaotic as yet in the mind of the Chief, but he gave every assurance that all necessary accommodations and appliances will be supplied for holding a grand poultry show. The importance of an early start, and a responsible super- vision, was earnestly presented on the part of the Commit- tee, and assurances were given on the part of the Chief that it should receive his early attention ; so that in the course of a month we may be able to give our readers some definite information concerning Centennial poultry matters. A LIBERAL PREMIUM. We have received a letter from J. M. Lambing, of Parker's Landing, this State, inclosing names of new sub- scribers (which, by the way, are frequently sent by this fancier, always remitting |2.50 with each one), in which he makes the following LIBERAL OFrER : I will give to the person who sends you the greatest num- ber of new subscribers, with the cash, between this and Jan- uary 1, 1876, a trio of Black Hamburg chicks, bred from my imported trio. The chicks shall he as good as I raise this season, and shall be birds I will not be ashamed to have go out from the Great Belt Poultry Yards. Those who in- tend trying for this premium will please state the feet when sending in the names. CoF^F^ESpOfJDEfJCE. to hatch eggs evenly. Editor Panoibrs' Journal: If your correspondent in last week's number of the Jotir- nal, J. H. K., wants his eggs to hatch evenly and on time, let him get one of his hens to laying in a nest by herself. Let the eggs entirely alone, and, if the weather is not too severe, and his fowls properly mated, he will get a brood out on time evenly, one equally as strong as the other. All who have kept fowls have observed that when a hen steals her nest and hatches her brood undisturbed they almost in- variably come out at the same time, one as bright and strong as the other. The reason is the eggs being allowed to re- main in the nest are warmed each day by tlie hen when she goes on to lay ; the meat of the egg expanded, the air is forced from the cell ; when it cools it again retracts, thereby inhaling, as it were, a breath of fresh air for every day each egg has been laid, consequently, at the end of twelve or thirteen days, as the case may be, the first egg is as fresh and pure as the last, and will hatch as soon, and the chicks will be as strong and bright. J. Denison. FiNDLAY, Ohio, May 13, J875.' remedy for cock; cutting the backs of hens. Friend Wade: Tour ever- welcome paper received, and I hasten to answer the inquiry of Wm. B. Harris, Esq., in No. 19, on page 300, of the Jour7ial. In the treatment of the cock, take ofi' the hook end of the toe nails ; round them with a file, taking care not to cut so that they bleed much ; or, he may glove each toe, or mitten the entire foot with soft leather, fastening at the ankle. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 333 In the treatment of the hen, sow up the torn skin when frosh, or if dry, lubriciito well with castor oil, and draw gently together, or nearly so, with ball-cord stitch ; mollify with oil II few times, and u ciiri' is ccrtiiin— if the hen is in good liealtli. TAlKlNd K(I(IS. On page 294, in answer to John G. McKeen, I use for one dozen eggs box ends three-fourth inches thick — size, 5xG inches; and for the rcmaiiidei- throe-oiglith inches is thick enough ; and board? six inches wide and twelve inches long will form sides, bottom and top — the latter to be fastened with screws. For a bale use tarred marline; pass this through holes, and under caeli end of the corner or top of box, and pass the two strands that will cross each other midway at the centre, through a common wooden pail han- dle, such as used for an ordinary wire halo, and can be had at any hardware store. Instead of the hay cushion, I make four large, loose tufts of cheap sponge, by winding the same with a small cord and fasten to the four corners with a shingle nail, then you have a box that will stand easy on four soft legs. I find the best material for packing to be buckwheat hulls. Koll the eggs in a good-sized piece of paper, twisting the same at each end, and lap back upon opposite sides. 1 am suspicious of old boxes of any kind. A friend of mine stored a few eggs in a box that had contained carbolic pow- der, and those eggs tasted of it when cooked some time after. Yours truly, Wm. Atwood. ELKCTION OK OFFICERS. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: At the annual election of officers of the Key- stone Poultry Association, of Western Pennsylvania, the following persons were elected for the ensuing year : President— W . C. Warner, Titusville, Pa. Vice-Pn'sidenis—3. J. Barnsdall, Titusville; J. ]\[. Gif, ford, Pleasantville ; W. C. Kockwell, Hydctown ; E. T. M. Simmons, Oil City ; C. H. Blystone, Meadville : A. D. Cole- grove, Corry ; C. W. Vroman, J. D.' McParland, Geo. R. Oliver, and Chas. New, Titusville. Correspovdi)i(; Secrctarii — C. K. Cosolowsky, Titusville. Recording Secretary and Truasurer — L. W. Brown, Titus- ville. BespeetfuUy yours, C. R. Cosolowsky, TiTDSViLLF., Pa., May 20, 1S75. Cor. Sec. Sjwy^LL Pej Depy^F^jiviEfJj AND YOUNG FOLK'S CORNER. flS" All communications antl coutrilmtions intended for this depart, out should bo addressed to U0WARI1 1. IRF.LAND, Camden, N. .1. THE AMEEICAN ROBIN. ( Tiirdus Migraioriiis). The migratory robin is found throughout North Amer- ica ; in the summer months ascending as far as (37° north latitude; but, as the chilling winds of winter approach, he hastens to the more genial clime, descending as far as the equator. The robin is frequently mistaken for one of the several birds which are so called. It is much larger than the others, and of a difterent color. The length of the male is about nine and a half or ten inches ; wings from tip to tip, fourteen inches. The color of the head is black, with three small white spots bordering the eye ; bill of a lemon yellow ; back and wings an ashy-brown ; tail black, with the exterior feathers white at the inner tip ; belly white ; breast clear, chestnul-bajr ; tbroal white, mottled with black. Caged birds have a much finer and deeper color, owing probably to confinement and richer food. The female can readily be distinguished from the mule by the less bright color ; the breast being more or less sprinkled with white. Her length is between eight and nine inchcB. A curious freak of nature is exhibited at the Albany Agri- cultural Rooms — a white robin, with the exception of the breast, which is of a light bay, or reddish tinge. It is an albino. Robins are among the first arrivals of our feathered friends, frequently coming in the middle of winter, being tempted forth by the January thaws ; but, severe weather again returning, they are tossed about by the angry winds, and fall to the frozen ground exhausted, a ready prey to country lads who sally forth with sticks, killing many of them. In this treatment they differ frum their English cousins. The robin red-breast, of which every child has heard, how the pretty robins covered the babes in the woodA with leaves, having been left to die by their cruel uncle. Even the school boy (and he is supposed to be the greatest enemy birds have) could not be induced to molest the robin. A writer states that robins' eggs are never seen on strings, of which the English children are so fond. As soon as the weather will jiermit, the robin commences to build its nest, which is a very clumsy affair, consisting of roots, coarse grass, etc. The first nests are usually constructed in a cedar or other evergreen, for the purpose of being hi4dcn. They lay four or five eggs, about one-third the size of a pigeon's egg, of a light bluish-green color. The young mature rap- idly, and are soon ejected from the nest; and, while the male attends to them, the female prepares for another sit- ting. They generally raise two or three broods each season. Robins exhibit a remarkable attachment for their homes, returning spring after spring to the same nest, as has been proven by marking birds. Instances are recorded of their living twenty years. The male sings during the entire period of incubation — which is about two weeks. At first his notes are heard all day ; but, as the season advances, he sings only in the morn- ing and evening. When perched upon a bough he makes the woods re-echo with his musical whistle, which seems to cheer his mate, while she patiently attends to her maternal duties. In early September they begin to molt, and often pre- sent a very ludicrous sight — nearly naked and wingless — for, when the robin molts, he molts in earnest. Later they begin to assemble in flocks, preparatory to their de- parture south. They disappear very mysteriously, always departing in the night. You may retire with many robins around your home, and in the morning arise with the inten- tion of having a fine bird pie, but they have departed for the season.. They continue their flight from late in Sep- tember until extreme cold weather arrives. Kobins feed on berries, fruit, worms, and insects, and sometimes it is said that they do not object to the tender nestlings or eggs of other birds. Being extremely pugna- cious, they are enabled to cope with most birds of their size, but the little Inglish sparrow proves too much for him when they attack in numbers. Robins have voracious appetites, and stufl' themselves on wild cherries, or on China berries, in the Southern States, un- til they can scarcely fly from corpulency. Then is the har- vest for the pot hunters, who secrete themselves near a grove 334 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POTJLTET BXCHAJSTGB. of cherry trees, pouring a deadly fire on every fresh arrival. In this manner a large number are slaughtered. Wilson says, in his American Ornithology, that in 1807 two young men, on one excursion after them, shot thirty dozen. In the midst of such devastation, which continued many weeks, and by accounts extended from Massachusetts to Maryland, some humane person took advantage of a cir- cumstance common to these birds in winter, to stop the general slaughter. Poke berries, after they are mellowed by the frost, are a favorite food with the robin. The juice of the berries is a beautiful crimson, and they are eaten in such quantities by the birds that their tissues become tinged by this red color. A paragraph appeared in the papers, intimating that from the great quantities of these berries which were consumed by robins, that they had become unwholesome, and even dangerous for food. The strange appearance of the bowels of these birds seemed to corroborate this account, and the demand for them ceased almost instantly, and motives for self preservation produced at once what pleadings of human- ity could not effect. Thkodorb P. Bailbt. Albaky, N. Y. HOLLENBACK'S BULL DOG. Mr. Hollenback of Sixth street owns a bull dog about the size of a yearling calf, and the whole neighborhood has to walk on its tip toes and put on a respectful look when that dog is turned loose. The other night Mr. Hollenback was telling a crowd in a corner grocery what a prize medal of a dog he had, and how he could prance over anything in Detroit, and a young man named Madden, who owns a fiddle and fiddles it most of the time, said he'd bet money that he could make the Hollenback dog quake and tremble under the power of music. He said he never saw a dog which couldn't be fiddled out of countenance in five minutes by the clock, and he tried lots of them. Mr. Hollenback grinned with delight, and it was arranged that the young man should try it right away. Madden got his fiddle and the crowd went over to Hollenback's. The dog was called into the kitchen and then the crowd slipped out one by one, leaving Madden alone. "Crossed- eyed Terror " — such is the animal's name — didn't know what to think of the proceedings, and he sat up and gave Madden a look in which border rufiianism, inquiry, deceit, and aston- ishment were equally mingled. The fiddle was poised and the young man commenced fiddling a sad tune, something like " Mother is Dead." The dog arose at the first note and , bent an earnest look on the fiddle. He had probably never seen a fiddle, and was in doubt as to whether it was a new kind of dog or an infernal machine. As the tune began to draw out longer and longer, Crossed-eyed Terror took a step forward and gave utterance to a growl which made things tremble. Madden looked fixedly at the animal and sawed away until it became evident that he hadn't better keep that tune much longer, and he changed off to .something lively. The dog's bristles rose up and his eyes assumed a hungry look. The young man changed to a chant, and the dog came a little nearer, and his under lip fell down like the end board of a coal cart. A man who was looking through the key-hole of the door remarked, that he wouldn't be in there for forty million dollars, and the excited whispers of the crowd seemed to ex- cite the dog. He uttered several more growls, and in his own language inquired: "What do you take me for, anyway? " Madden had faith, and struck up "The Green Shores of Ireland," He hadn't even cited the "green shores " before Crossed-eyed Terror laid hold of him by the hip and gave him a scientific toss. Next moment fiddle and dog and growl were all mixed up together. Madden shouted for the crowd to rush in, and the dog growled out that there was a private cotillion, with no admittance for outsiders. The young man lived about a year and a half in less than a minute. He went over the stove with a whoop, around the table with a yell, and felt his coat tails go off as he stopped for an instant to raise the window-sash. The crowd rushed in as soon as they understood what was going on. They found Madden lying on his face and the dog was trying to get a hold somewhere so that he could lift him up and administer the " terrier shake." They pounded the dog with a chair, kicked his ribs and yelled for him to let go, and finally they had to throw a pail of cold water over him. Mr. Mad- den could hardly get up, and when once up he could not sit down. He had bites all over him, a few thrown in "to boot," and the largest peice of his valuable fiddle was just the size of an Arizona tooth-pick. — Detroit Free Press. S^° A Stort of a Sparrow. — A writer in the London Science Oossip relates a remarkable story of his experience with a foundling sparrow. Three years ago a young sparrow fell at his feet upon the pavement from a house-roof. He carried it home, where a servant girl took it in charge and swathed and tenderly nursed and fed it, administering to it sopped bread from her own mouth. The bantling took to its foster-mother and to its diet, and grew to full stature. It was finally, with a desire to give it its liberty, placed in the garden, were it remained until another sparrow, appar- ently of its own age, made love to it, and finally enticed it away to a more natural condition of sparrow life ; but not so far away as that it forgot its early friends, whom it frequently visited, and continued to recognize with signs of affection. If the nurse was in the garden, the grateful little creature would fly to her perch upon her head and shoulder, and re- tain its position when she was walking, gathering flowers, or the like ; and it was perfectly at home with all the house- hold. A pane of glass in a kitchen window was fitted up with a hinge, for the admission of the interesting pet, which did not fail at breakfast, dinner, or su2;)per-time, to make its appearance and tap at the window with its beak until it was opened for its entry, when it would fly to its loved and faithful nurse and partake of its usual feed from her mouth. This happy intercourse has been continued for three or four years during which the sparrow has raised three or four broods, on wliich occasion food has been left for it upon the window, so as to be at all times accessible for supplies to the rising generation. On one of these occasions the number of its visits to the food was no less than two hundred and thirty- seven in one day. From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, "will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), eacb Dumber or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Pkompt Pay.ments. For three months, 12^.< per cent, discount. " nine months 37^2 " " " tweWe months, 50 •' " CHASTGED AS OFTEX AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advauce, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy diseouuts will not be made. Exchanges limited to 48 words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. .^?- Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCnAJSTGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 3, 1875. No. 22. AMATEUR TAXIDERMY. (Continued from page 32G.) point, so as not to injure the eyelids. Then scrape out the eye cavities, and cut away the llesh of the neck, removing at the same time a small portion of the base of the skull. Flo. 3. — Skinning — Tlie First Inci; Through the cavity thus made, extract the tongue and brains, and after cleaning away all fleshy matter, paint the eye orbits with arsenical soap, and stuff them tightly with cotton. Care should be taken not to detach the skin from the bill, as it is necessary to leave the skull in place. Finally, fill the interior of the skull with tow, after coating inter- nally with the prepared soap. Cotton, it should be understood, will not answer as a material for stuffing any portion of the body through which, subsequently, it may become necessary to pass needles or wires. It packs too hard, and therefore tow or excelsior must be employed. The skinning operation being now completed, the stuffing is next proceeded with. To pi'epare for this, the bird, before being skinned, should have been measured, first as to its girth about the body, and second as to its length from root of tail to top of skull, following the shape of the form. From those data an artificial body of the right dimensions is constructed, and inserted as follows ; On a piece of straight wire, equal in length to the last measurement above men- tioned, a bunch of excelsior is secured by repeated winding with stout thread. This bundle, which is represented in our Fig. 4, is moulded to a shape resembling that of the bird's body, and its girth is regulated by the similar measurement already obtained from the bird itself. As will be seen, it is attached at the end of the wire, the long protruding portion of which serves as a foundation for the neck. The extremity of the wire is clipped by the pliers to a sharp point, and then forced diagonally upward through the skull, on top of which it is clinched flat. Cotton batting is then wound about the wire between skull and body, until sufficient thick- ness is obtained to fill the skin of the neck. The position of the various parts at this point is represented in Pig. 4. Painting the inside of the skin with arsenical soap follows, and then the skin is drawn back so as to envelope the false body, and a needle and thread is thrust through the nostrili to make a loop for convenience in handling. Fig. 4.— Mude of Attaching the False Body. The finest pair of forceps is employed to pull the eyelid skin into place, to arrange the feathers, and to pull up tho cotton in the orbits so as to stuff the cavities out plumply. More cotton is next pushed down the throat until the same .—Filling tho Throat. is entirely filled (Fig. 6). Two pieces of wire — quite stout forlarge birds — are then sharpened at one extremity. Tak- ing the wire in one hand, and guiding it with the other, the operator shoves it into the leg, from the ball of the foot up alongside the thigh bone, the skin being turned back for the purpose. Cotton is then wound about both wire and bone, 342 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. in order to fill the thigh out naturally, and the same process is repeated for the other side. The ends of the wire below are left protruding in order to support the bird on a perch, if such be desired. The upper ends are pushed clean through , Fig. 6.— Stuffing the Legs, the artificial body, from below up, and clinched on the upper side. This secures the legs, which are afterwards bent in natural position (Fig. 6). The bird can now be set up, that is, the wires stretching out below the claws can be wound about a perch or pushed through holes in a board and clinched on the under side. In the latter case it will be necessary to spread the claws and fasten them with pins. For small birds the cut in the breast need not be sewed up ; a chicken or larger fowl will require a few stitches to hold the edges together. If the tail feathers are to be spread, a wire is thrust across the body and through each feather, holding all in the proper position. The wings are then gathered closely in to the body, and two wires, one 'lis: Bird Prepared for Drying from each side, are pushed in diagonally from up, down, and through the skin of the second joint (Fig. 7). The wings are thus held, and the wires, as well as that through the tail, are left protruding for an inch or more. A touch of glue within the eyelids prepares the latter for the eyes. These must be purchased from taxidermists, but for small birds common black beads will answer. If plain glass beads can be ob- tained, by the aid of a little paint the student can easily imitate the eye of a chicken. After the ej'es are inserted, a sharp needle is used to pull the lids around them and into them. The operator must now, with a fine pair of forceps, care- fully adjust the feathers, smoothing them down with, a large camel's hair brush. This done, thread must be wound over the body very loosely, beginning at the head, and continu- ing until all the feathers are securely bound. The bird if then left to dry for a day or two, when the thread is re moved, the ends of wire cut off close to the body, and the work is complete. Stufiing animals requires less delicacy and care to avoid injuring the skin than with birds, but necessitates a closer knowledge of the form and natural position. The mode of skinning and stuffing is the same, except that the neck is cut down, as the head cannot, of course, be drawn through. This last is also the case with ducks, woodpeckers, and other slender-necked birds. In preparing deer's heads and antlers, the skull is best taken in, as it can be secured on a piece of wood, on which the neck can be built up. In skinning the head the incision should be made on the back of the neck, and care should be taken completely to fill all cavities of the skull. We should advise amateurs in this interesting art to en- deavor to give an aspect of life to their productions, by grouping them or placing them in odd though natural posi- tions. For instance, a chicken can be easily placed as in the act of picking up food or crowing — any position will be better than stifily standing erect. Similarly, animals can be represented attacking prey, fighting, or playing. A very fine group, now in the Central Park Museum, New York, representing an Arab mounted on a camel and attacked by lions, will exemplify our meaning. All the animals in this group are superbly prepared and placed, though, of course, such a work requires a skilled naturalist as well as taxider- mist. We are indebted to Messrs. Ulrich & Eiedel, taxider- mists, of No. 16 North William Street, New York, for the practical suggestions above given. (For Fanciers' Journal.) FANCIERS— BREEDERS— ADVERTISE ! Meeting, as I do, scores of my brother fanciers each month, I am repeatedly asked the question, " Ferris, does it pay you to advertise as you do ? " and they seem surprised to hear me reply, " Yes." Being engaged largely in mer- cantile pursuits, I have always had an opportunity to test my opinions in regard to it, and when I was fully assured that I had some fine poultry to dispose of, I made it known by my friends — the best friends any man in business can bave — the publishers. I applied my business rule — that of devoting a certain per cent, of the previous month's business to the credit side of the advertising account of the ensuing month. Thus one month during the present season, by apply- ing my rule, ten per cent., I was enabled to credit the publish- ing account with fifty dollars, and they were just as sure of it as though I had paid it to them. No matter what you are doing, do it well I If advertising, advertise well. Ferris. PANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. 343 PoJlTF^Y DE(=^F^T|VIEfJT. (For Fanciers' Journal.) DUCKWING GAME STAG. Thk above illustration was drawn from life, by John Stone, from a bird raised by him in 1874. Thinking that the legs and beak were too thick and long, we wrote him on the subject and received the following reply : Fkiknd Wade: Tours of the 1st at hand. The drawing I consider a fair likeness of a Duckwing stag I raised last year. I do not think either leg or beak longer than is natural in a bird of good bone, and with these paints well developed ; that, however, is a mere matter of opinion. Tours truly, John Stone. COATESVILLE, Pa., April 2, 1875. (ForF.inciors'.T,niriii\l.) TURKEYS vs. INCUBATORS. Having scon the statement soniowhero that turkeys could be made to hatch, even before laying, early in the spring, I procured a turkey in order to try the experiment. I got a young one which had never laid as yet. I procured a deep box of convenient size and mado a nest in the bottom of it. The box was high enough so that she could almost stand erect in it. In the nest six glass eggs were placed. The box was covered over so as to make it entirely dark. At first she manifested a great reluclanco to being placed in the box, but after a few days she was more willing to be put back after feeding. Each morning she was fed at about the same hour and replaced in the neet. In a abort time the became broody, when I made h*r a nest in a ehed attached to the chicken house, and placed food and water near her no that alio could come off when she wished. I placed under hor twenty Brahma eggs, and she covered these quite easily. She was much more careful in getting on the nest than were any of my hens. A day or two before the time for hatching, I took the eggs from her and gave her another lot which were within a week of hatching. This I repeated a second time, and at the end of five weeks, she having set one clutch within a day or two of hatching time and partially hatched two others I broke her up. I have no doubt she would have made an excellent mother for the chickens, if she had been permitted to run with them, but I preferred hens for this purpose as my coops were rather small for the turkey. I feel satisfied that for the early spring when broody hens are difficult to procure, turkeys might be used to excellent purpose. A friend tells ino that he once had a turkey cock which went on a hen's nest in the woods, and remained sitting on it for several days. The gentleman then made a nest for him and placed twenty hen's eggs in it. He set upon this for three weeks, at the end of which time he brought off about sixteen or seventeen chicks. This man is an aged minister residing in our place and I can vouch for his ve- racity. A day or two since a gentleman told me of another similar instance. A turkey cock in his possession, persisted in driving a sitting goosq from the nest and taking her place upon it. Are these exceptions, or may turkey cocks be made to .set in the same way as hens? If so, it would be an excel- lent method of utilizing the spare birds which are to be kept till another season. Will not some of our fanciers who have turkeys make the experiment and report through the Journal. MAN.SFIEH) Valley, Pa. F. K. Wotrino. (For Fanciers' Journal.) EGGS— BOXES OR BASKETS ? In Fanciers' Jotirnnl, J[ay 13, page 204, John G. JfcKeen gives his method of packing eggs to ship for hatching, and asks others to give theirs. First, I never would advise any- one to use boxes, as baskets cost no more and are much bet- ter ; expressmen handle a basket more carefully than a box. I care not how plain you may have it marked " eggs for hatching," etc., they never stop to read what is on the box when in a hurry, but will toss it from one to the other just as if there was no danger of damaging the contents ; but, who ever saw an express agent toss a basket ? why no one, he will take it by the handle and hand it over to the next man, who will also take hold of the handle and set it down easy. But, here is my plan of packing eggs for hatching. First, place one or two inches of clover-chaff or bran in your basketi then a layer of cotton ; now place yonr eggs in, large end down, press them down into the cotton so they will stand firm, then fill in with bran until your eggs are covered, work the bran down between the eggs so that they cannot move, put on another layer of cotton, then fill up with clover-chaff or bran, round it up well on your basket, now sew a piece of cotton cloth over the top and your eggs are ready to ship. I have shipped a good many eggs this season packed as above and they all went safe and hatched well. Sprkgfield, Ills., May25, 1S75. W. H. LiGHTFOOT. 344 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. CFrom Journal of Horticulture.) THE EXHIBITION DORKING. No. 1. DoKKiNQS have always stood well in the estimation of the poultry-loving public, even before their fine size and comely shape were brought prominently into notice by pub- lic exhibitions. So far back as 1853 birds of this breed realized high prices, and in that year the Eev. — Boyes sold his prize pen at Hitchin for £50, and the Kev. S. Donne lost his prize birds at the Midland Counties Show, although pro- tected by twenty guineas. Other instances of equally high prices are not wanting. In 1867 Lady Holmesdale's yard of Dorkings, which had been under the management of Mr. John Martin, realized over £400, and the prices given at this sale for individual birds would almost exceed belief. To come down to the present day, I will only instance my pen of chickens at Oxford, last year, which were claimed at the catalogue price of twenty guineas, after winning Prince Leopold's cup ; and my iirst-prize cock afthe Crystal Pal- ace show this year sold for the same price ; and I am more than ever convinced that £25 would not now be sufficient to protect a single cock, were he the best of the year and a likely stock bird. With such a ready sale for good birds at high prices in prospect, surely a fair field for surplus energy is open to the dweller in the country. For my part I know what it is to have had to give up my profession through delicate health, and I am sure there are many like myself, who would hail with delight an occupation which gains upon one with suc- cess, and which combines with fresh air an occupied mind, a fair amount of excitement, and a good prospect of sub- stantial profits. That the latter is no chimera, I can posi- tively state from experience ; and, lest any one should be deterred by a want of knowledge, I will add that four years ago I knew as little about exhibition poultry as the most ignorant of my readers. In order that I may not be con- sidered egotistical, I will here say that the views I shall ex- press on Dorkings are not given solely on my own author- ity, but only after careful study of previous works on the subject, and numerous pleasant chats with some of the most noted breeders of the day. Although Dorkings are my par- ticular fancy, I will not ask any one to suppose that I think them suited to every exhibitor and every situation. To any one who has a moderate grass run, and a desire for a plenti- ful supply of very superior chickens for the table, with a fair amount of eggs, I believe they are unrivalled; but, for damp back-yards and other confined spaces they are alto- gether unsuited. It is often said Dorkings are only adapted to a gravelly or chalky soil, but this is a mistake, or neither Mrs. Ark- wright nor Admiral Hornby would have been so successful, their poultry runs being situated on a stiff clay soil. I quote these instances in order that no amateur may be de- terred, but at the same time think that any one situated in a damp locality would be better suited with the yellow-leg- ged breeds, though not so well suited for the table. As to the Dorking being tender, I can only say that last year I reared over a hundred Dorking chickens, and only lost one, but this is too fortunate an average to take for any breed. As to the economic merits of Dorkings, I have always found them fair layers of large-sized eggs ; and, so preco- cious are the pullets, that it is one of the principal difficul- ties of the exhibitor in this breed to keep them from laying and too early maturity. Of the different varieties, the Cuckoos are the best layers, but then they do not reach to the size of the colored birds. For farmyard and useful purposes I prefer the Colored and Cuckoos ; while, if it is desired to combine a really useful fowl with an attractive form, I think the "Whites and Sil- vers are unequalled. To the would-be exhibitor, Dorkings possess one very great advantage over every other breed, and an advantage, too, that cannot be lightly estimated — they are within the power of every honest fancier to prepare for show ; there are no vulture hocks to pluck and curl, no hackles to pull, and no colors to dye j neither have they to be kept shut up in the dark to bring out their colors. Any one who knows what is constantly done and exposed in some breeds, will estimate these advantages too lightly ; and it is for this rea- son more than any other that I venture to recommend Dorking fowls to any one wishing to become a poultry fan- cier. T. C. B. (For Fanciers' Journal.) DISEASED FOWLS. Me. Jos. M. Wade. Dbab Sik : The disease with which E. W. Elwell's Dor- king pullet is afliicted is no doubt foul crop. It results from drinking filthy water from a drain, or eating old or partially decayed grass. It may be too late for his benefit to now state the remedy, but others of your readers may have birds affected in the same way. When he first dis- covered her condition, his best plan would have been to have opened the crop and removed all the foul matter, and washed it out clean. Then he should have closed the inci- sion with a stitch or two, taking care, however, not to stitch the crop and the outside skin together, as this would most probably have resulted fatally. The hen should be placed in a clean, dry coop, and fed for a day or two on soaked bread, after which she may be fed as the others. If, however, she is permitted to return to the foul vege- tation or water, she will soon become as bad as ever. Only an occasional bird'out of a flock seems to have this disposi- tion to partake of foul food or drink ; but when once this taste is acquired it seems to continue 'at least through' the season. If the bird is long neglected, the crop seems to be- come permanently disordered, and a cure is exceedingly diflicult. Mrs. Brodt's fowls have probably canker in the mouth and throat, or diphtheria. If they had roup, as Mr. Plower suggests as probable, Mrs. B. would no doubt have noticed swelling about the head, and the eyes would have become closed. The wheezing to which she alludes is no doubt caused by a white cheesy matter forming about the top of the windpipe, and interfering with respiration. Give the fowls a tonic and stimulating food, remove the white cheese-like substance from mouth and throat, and with a stick of nitrate of silver touch the parts affected ; then with the end of a feather put powdered borax on the sores. Keep the birds in a warm, dry coop. The disease is caused by cold drafts in the hennery, or by damp coops or wet location for yards. During chilly, rainy weather some fowls may become affected in this way, even with the best of care. Mr. Plower, in reply to Chas. W. Church, states that cold FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 345 alono, williout wet, will not produce the cramps which he doscribos. In confirmation of this, I would statu that last year a number of my young Oamo Banlama were taken in this way during wot woatber, when it was only moderately cold. This spring my young birds were out at will during the severely cold days, when water froze in the drinking vessels in a very short time ; but the weather was dry, and not one of them was aft'ccted in tliis way. MANSi'iisr,)) Vali.hy, Pa. F- H. Wotrinq. (For Fanciers' Journul.) CROTCHETS OF THE POULTRY FANCY. UY rUTKR .SIMTLH. No. 9. "I have so great a contoniiit ami di'ti-^tation for meanness, that I coliltl soouor iniiko a friend of oiio wlio liad rdiiiniitted murder, tlian of a man who could bo capable, in any inslaMair of Golden Sebright Bantams, hens or pullets. ~H. S. CII.AP.MAX, Savbrook, Conn, will exchange a Corn and Bean Planter (cost jlsi. lor Black African Bantams, or Angora Rabbits. .Uso, Dutch rabbits lor I'antail pigeons. What other olTere? E. M. WIEEIA.nS, Buckingham P. 0., Bucks Co., Pa., has to ex- change a Blue Skye IVrner dog, for Loi>-eari'd rabbits. ~C. T. G. CH ACE, JW.TVaokUn .St., N.Y'ork, has W. C. B. Poland eggs to exchange for pigeons: Tuniblcts, Turbits, Magpies, Jacobins. Fowls to exchange ofler Juno 5th, 1875 (eight hens); need three nice Leghorn hens (white). D. EOTHROP, 4:! N. Eighth Street. Philada., will exchange one, two or lliree pure bred Whit.-^faeeil Black Spanish cockerels, for young pullets ^f mosl any pure sloek. What oilers? ^ ^WMrprMcEEAN, Womelsdorf. Berks Co.. Pa., will exchange a splendid Partridge Cochin cockerel, for which I paid SIO, from A. P. Groves' slock— for Fancy I'lgoons. Must Iw first-class. "WMrTTMcEEAXT Woimdsdorf ilorks County, Pa,, will exchange some extra-fine Bull' Cochins for Fancy Pigeons. The Bufls are first- clas.<: Pigeons must he the same. ^___ ~BEN J. UVLSE, i!ox •-';!,■ Allentown. N. J., will exchange Shepherd pups, Essex Pigs. Tumblers, Fantails, and Pouter Pigeons, and eggs of fancy poultry- for Brown l^-ghorn eggs. Silver Sebright Bantam eggs, or Owls', Archangels, Trumpeteii, Swallows, Antwerps. 352 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. "W. F. BACON, Cambridgeport, Mass., will exchange White Fan- tails, Black Mottled Tumblers, or White Guinea pigs— for Blue Magpies. JAMES BEST, Astoria, L. I., has for exchange first-class Black, White, and Partridge Cochins, Dark and Light Brahmas. entire breeding stock, and very clioice — for rocking-horse or other desirable, property. What other offers ? liEWIS SHAFER, Basking Ridge, N. J., will exchange a trio of Partridge Cochins, for anything but live stock. Make an offer, as I do not want the fowls. JOKN F. HOCSER, Tamaqua, Pa., has for exchange one pair Golden or Silver Sebright, and one pair Golden or Yellow Duckwing Bantams; one Yellow D. W. G. Bantam cock; one Silver D. W. G. Ban- tam cockerel ; one 1st premium Aylesbury Drake ; one pair of old Dutch Rabbits, two pairs young, one pair Himalayan Rabbits (breeders), three pairs young, one pair White Angoras (breeders), and fancy pigeons — for Light or Dark Brahmas, Partridge or Buff Cochins. FANCIER, Box. 314, Worcester, Mass., will exchange one pair Light Brahmas, very fiue (Williams's strain), one pair White Leghorns, White Fantail pigeons, one pair Brown Leghorn hens (Wheeler's stock) also, eggs for hatching — for a good lined robe, good rifle, or other property] W, F. MUCaMORE, Box 92, Basking Ridge, N. J., offers a grand good dog, tor lirst-class fowls, rabbits, pigeons, pets, or merchandize. Make me an offer for hini. ■W. F. MUCSMORE. Box 92, Basking Ridge, N. J., offers a pair of Partridge Cjachiu hens, 1874 hatch, for Pouters, or Lop-eared rabbits. What offers of other varieties. ». Z. EVANS, Jr., Town Point, Cecil County, Md., will exchange Sewing Machine, True's Potato Planter, Sulky Cultivator, Light Brahma fowls (P. Williams' strain), three young Chester White boars, eggs from nine varieties of fowls, etc. — for Cattle, Sheep, Swine, Poultry, Pigeons, Shepherd dog. mare in foal, good colt, lawn mower, or fur merchandise, garden or field instruments. li. C. BERKEAIETER, Kutztown, Pa., will exchange a Brown Leghorn cockerel, good stock for breeding, hut his wattles are not as good as might be desired — for one dozen White-Crested White Polish eggs, good stock. ■WANTED.— Fancy Pigeons, Tumblers preferred, in exchange for one Karl of Derby Game cock (Todd's stock) and White Leghorn pullets. P. McPHERSON, N. E. cor. Fourth and Olive Sts., St. Louis, Mo. E. C. S9IITH:, cor. Third and Boas Street, Harrisburg, Pa., will give one pair Yellow Jacobins and a pair of Black Moorcaps, for a good pair of either Short-face Tumblers, Black-wing Turbits, White Jacobins, Swallows, or other pigeons. What offers? OI.ITER B. SCCIOCK, Harrisburg, Berks County, Pa., wants to exchange with some reliable breeder, one pair Chester White Pigs (not akin), six weeks old, for one pair extra-pure Essex Pigs. My stock is A-No.-l, from I. Shoener, Westchester- Want none but the best pure stock, and same age as mine. BOX 218, Concord, N. H., has to exchange W. F. Black Spanish (premium chicks), and White Leghorns or eggs from same, or a pure blood Shepherd pup — for Light Brahma Fowls or eggs, orAviencan Agri- culturist, years 1869-70-74, if applied for soon. J. EDW^IN K.ENBAI.E, Lawrence, Mass., will exchange one pair each White, Black, and Blue Fantails, Homing Antwerps, Ring Doves, and oddTumblerpigeon; eggs for hatching, from Golden-Sebrights; and White Leghorns— for lawn mower, double-barrel shot gun, Ballard rifle, copying press, small safe, or Almond Tumbler. Make an offer. "W. A. FUEEEB, Glen, Montgomery Co., K Y., will exchange some fancy poultry and eggs from most of the leading varieties and stock first-class— for Poland China Pigs, Jersey Calves or sheep, stock must be good and well-bred ; Leicester, or Cotswold Sheep preferred. OEO. BR. TAXEOR, Macon, Miss., has for exchange for anything except Fowls, Pigeons, or Rabbits, my entire stock of Games. My strains are from experienced and reliable southern cockers, and are second to none. Speak quick. J- E. RICE, Rensselaerville, N. Y., will exchange Partridge Coch- ins, Buff Cochins. Silver-Gray Dorkiugs, White Leghorns, Houdans, or B. B. R. Game eggs— for Fantail Pigeons. All colors desired. W>\NT ED. Under this Head any Single Want wili, be Placed, if not over Forty Words. 25 cts. must be Remitted for each and every Want. WANTED.— Live Peacocks— male birds— three years old or over, address, slating lowest cash price for birds, boxed, ready for shipment by express, C. O. D., to New York, LIVE PEACOCK, P. O. Box 672, New York. WANTED — A Toy Black-and-Tan dog or bitch pup, from four to nine months old. Must be extra.-good stock. GEO. BR. TAYLOR, Macon, Miss. GENUINE MOCKING-BIRD FOOD. The same food as sold by nearly all the Philadelphia dealers during the past ten years. Made fresh every week. Price, $3 per dozen. M. HOPHNER, Sll Columbia Avenue, Philada. PEA-COMB PARTRIDGE COCHIN. Pea-comb Partiidge Cochin eggs, Edmond's strain. $i per sitting. Light Brahmas, S2.50 per sitting. JOHN HARRIS, Watch Factory, Waltham, Mass. FOR SAIiE. — Following pairs of fancy pigeons: Turbits, red wing, 86; Turbits, black wing, J-8; Antwerps, 88: Nuns, black, S7 ; Jacobins, red, ?5; Trumpeters, white, 88; Swallows, black, 87. Address J. H. FASSITT, 1630 Locust Street, Philadelphia, Pa. BARGAIN.— Five Guinea Pigs, two boars and three sows, for 84.50 the lot ; tine White Spitzer Dog, one year old, 86.50 ; Wright's Illustrated Book of Poultry, 88.50, new. A. W. LANE, 2230 North Fourth St., Philadelphia. THE CREEK-VIEW BABBITRY CAN BE FOUND FOR SALE: One pair of full grown Angora Rabbits, one year old, fine specimens and good breeders, price SlO; two pairs of half-grown Himalayan Rab- bits, large, healthy, and finely marked, atS5 per pair; one trio of fine young Lop's, at ^; one litter each of Lop-eared and Angora Rabbits, ready to ship soon, at $-5 per pair. All the above have full pedigrees, tracing back to importation. Address W. F. HALLOCK, Proprietor, Mattituck, Suffolk Co., N. Y. Importations monthly during the Summer months. BREMEN OR EMBDEN GEESE ! FOR SALE. — Six geese and one gander, from one to two years old, all imported or out of imported stock. Price for the lot, §35. Address J. B. HEARS, Branchtown, Philadelphia, Pa. D. E. NEWELL, Breeder of Prize BLACK AND DUN CARRIERS, AND WHITE BARBS. POUTERS, WHITE TRUMPETERS. WHITE JACOBINS, AND WHITE CARRIERS, Foot West 19th St., New York. THE ILLUSTRATED BOOK OF DOMESTIC POULTRY. By martin DOYLE. CONTAINING FULL DESCRIPTIONS OF THE VARIOUS VARIE- TIES ; FULL INSTRUCTIONS AS TO BREEDING, MANAGE- MENT, ETC.; ILLUSTRATED WITH WOOD-CUTS, AND 30 HANDSOME CHROMOS ; OCTAVO, BLACK AND GOLD, $4.50. This work is a standard on the subject, and is but less than one-third the price of Wright's book, and one half that of Tegetmeier's. It is the cheapest work to be had. A LIBERAL DISCOUNT TO POULTRY-DEALEItS WHO WILL KEEP IT FOR SALE. SENT POST-PAID TO OTHERS ON RE- CEIPT OF PRICE. PORTER & COATES, Publishers, 822 Chestnut Street, PHILADELPHIA, PA. THOS. ». ADAMS, Franklin, Pa., breeds Light and Dark Brahman and Brown Leghorns. Eggs, $2 for thirteen. PRICKS REDUCED. I will sell eggs from my prize-winning strains of Buif and Partridg NATIONAL LIVE STOCK JOUKNAL. PUBLISHED MONTHLY AT CHICAGO. The best paper for Farmers, Stock Raisers, Dairymen, Poultry Fanciers, etc. Is the Only First-Class Journal in America Exclu- sively Devoted to Live Stock Interests. Terms.— Single copies, one year, $2.00. To clubs of five, SI. 75 per copy- one year; clubs of ten, ©1.50 per copy, with an extra copy free to person getting up clubs of ten. Postage at the rate of 15 cents a year, must, in all cases, be sent wUh the subscripiion GEO. W. BUST & CO., Publishers, Lakeside Building, Chicago, Ills, FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 10, 1875. No. 23. NOW FOR THE FLOWERS. Amono the ploiisiint fashions which have increased in re- cent years, is a love for llowors. Everywlioro we see this fondness displayed ; and all occasions, whether of simple fes- tivity or of religious significance, the joy and the devotion of the participants is denoted in the beautiful language of flowers. And even where sadness and sorrow are the pre- vailing sentiment, hope and consohition are indicated in the blossoms which typify the annual resurrection of nature from winter's chill and death. Floriculture gives employment to a large number of persons, of both sexes, of all ages, in- cluding not only those who are proficient in botany and gar- dening, but those who have only the qualification of stout arms or of deft fingers. The interior of a conservatory where plants are reared from the slip, the leaf, and the seed, is one of the plcasantest scenes of industry which a visitor can inspect. The delicate manipulation of the minute be- ginnings of the future flower show, and the packing of tender plants for shipment over long distances, by mail or express, include processes which, to an unaccustomed observer, are simply wonderful. The statistics of transportation of trees, shrubs, flowers, and vegetable seeds, bulbs and shoots, would astonish the public, if correctly stated. To the trade in plants must be added the products of industry in implements for agriculture, and in ornamental articles for lawn and piazza, conservatory and window. The aggregate of all these interests would exhibit such a sum total as would show the method in which pure taste and innocent pleasure, indulged in by all classes of the community, mutually minister to the support of each other. Whoever would enjoy flowers must take some personal interest in their culture and, if to interest occupation is added, so much the better. The chief gratification in floral or any other decorations and improvements is that they are of your own production — a sort of personal creation. That confers a property in them which no money could secure, and imparts a pleasure which can only be obtained by care and attention to the source of gratification. In this view of the matter the person who has no superfluous money to devote to ex- pensive tastes, may find more true pleasure in modest invest- ments and in diligent application of patience and care than he who orders a tropical garden as he goes down town in the morning, and finds it all blooming for him wlien he returns at night. Charles Lamb says, in one of his delightful essays, that the single coveted book which ho and Bridget Elia planned and economized to purchase and bore home in tri- umph gave them more delight than whole shelves afterward acquired without pains or self-denial. As in the lovo of books so in the love of flowers ; the small acquisitions which require care, and the simple plants which thank you for your personal attention, may give the truest emjoyment. The lover of plants need never be at a loss while there is a foot strip of land about tlie house not sealed up by bricks or paving stones, or a single sunny window-sill about her promises. Knowledge obtained under difflcultics i« apt to be most pursued and perhaps more useful. Floriculture under difficulties is a triumph, and nobody knows, until the trial is made, what magical effects may be produced with fine sifted rich earth in a broken crockery pitcher, with a sus- picion of hartshorn in the watering pot. The adaga " Cut your garment according to your cloth," may be successfully adapted to flower-culture. The result is even better. For the scrimped pattern of cloth may make a sorry garment, while the smallest floral success is glorious, if it is only a " morning glory." — Public Ledyer. GENERATION OF EELS. This subject has been obscure and overlaid with fables from the time of Aristotle to that of honest Izaak Walton, and both the father of natural science and the author of the " Complete Angler " left the question with no better answer than they found it. The late Edward Jcsso, seeing its in- terest and importance, entertained the inquiry, in his " Gleanings of Natural History," ai\d with the assistance of the late William Yarrell, concluded that eels, like other fish, are unisexual, i. e., dioecious. Meanwhile, observations had been made from which it appeared that exceptions occur to the rule, even in higher osseous fishes, since some of the porch tribe, notably Scrranus, were found to be bisexual or hermaphrodites, each individual with an ovary or roo on one side, and a milt or testis on the other. But though this fact has been amply confirmed by independent researches, it at the same time proves to bo merely an accidental excep- tion, nothing more than a htsits iiattirce. However, about three or four years ago two Italian anatomists, Balsamo- Crivelli and Maggi, came to the conclusion that eels aro truly monfficious or hermaphrodite, and these observations have since been credited rather extensively. Still, an announcement so at variance with all our previ- ous knowledge of the universality of the separation of the sexes in fishes, and so important in a physiological point of view, W1V3 not likely to be accepted without further inquiry. And now, in the " Bibliothoquo Universello do Geneve," February, 1875, M. Syrski has a memoir in which he dissents altogether from the conclusions of the forementionod It^iliaa physiologists. Ho assorts that the so-called testes and sper- matozoa described by them are nothing more than fatty bodies, and that the unisexuality of eels is the truth after all. The males aro smaller than the females, and it would seem the Italians had only the larger females, which they mistook for hermaphrodities, under observation. The testes in the smaller male, according to M. Syrski, are long slender flat bodies, always paired and attached — like the ovaries in tho female — along the under part of the spinal column. But in these observations there is yet a serious deficiency. No spermatozoa were found. And this is just the point which now requires investigation ; and such resi- dents at our sea-coasts as may have good microscopes and a 358 PANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. taste for physiological science, might find in this interesting and important branch of ichthyology ample scope for rational amusement and instruction. A series of diligent searches for the spermatozoa of eels would probably be rewarded by valuable results ; and when we consider the inherent inter- est of the subject in relation to physiological science and the great economic value of these fish, it will be granted that no pains should be spared in the investigation of their true nature. The spermatozoa of the lamprey have been fig- ured by Prof. Gulliver, in the " Proceedings of the Zoolog- ical Society," December 6, 1870, and we hope that some British observer may soon be led to the discovery of the like significant objects in eels. Then, and not till then, shall we be in a position to follow up the whole natural his- tory of these curious and valuable fish. It must be borne in mind that this is by no means merely one of those numberless curiosities of natural history, the significance of which is not very apparent. It concerns a group offish which has been highly esteemed as food for the people from the era of our Saxon forefathers to the present day, and of which the importance is obvious to the meanest capacity. But, though we have been thus familiar with eels from time immemorial, their life-history is still as recondite as ever. "We are not quite certain that male eels ever enter our rivers, for it has been asserted by respectable authority that the females are only found there ; and at all events, the presence of males where there is no roe ready for fecun- dation might seem useless, even if they then had a mature milt, which nobody pretends to have seen, and which, so far as we yet know, can only be expected during their ma- rine life. Where do they breed ? In the shallows of the sea-shore, or in the greater depths towards the abysses of the ocean ? Are eels oviparous or viviparous ? Nay, as to such seemingly easy matter as the identity of the species, or rather genus, perplexing questions are still arising, even in our courts of justice, as exemplified lately in the administra- tion of our fishery laws. In short, very careful anatomical investigations are required to illustrate the whole subject; and how the most important preliminary point now presents itself for inquiry we have already intimated. — Land and Water. LESSON FROM ONE ADVERTISEMEMT. Two or three days ago there was an advertisement in the Ledger, stating that a young man was wanted in a railroad office. Within tv\"enty-four hours there were nine hundred and eighty five applications for the place left at this office for the advertiser. While the occurrence shows incidentally the extent to which advertisements in this journal meet the notice of the particular persons whose attention it is desired to at- tract, we make mention of it for another purpose. There is no social error more prevalent, and but few that are more lamentable, than that of the fond, indulgent mothers and short sighted fathers who allow their boys to grow up with no other business, trade or occupation than what they pick up in the way of "clerking " about offices and stores. All such parents or guardians can see from the number of applications for one clerkship sent to one advertiser in one day a fair indication of the number of clerks, or persons who desire to be clerks, who are vainly seeking employment in that capacity. There is a fearful excess of young men, and indeed of men of ma- ture age, who desire to go into offices or stores to write or to "do anything," as some of them express it. When such persons get out of employment they generally have long and weary waits — month after month and year after year — before they can get other places, for the reason indicated in above figures — there are a thousand persons at hand to fill the any one vacancy that occurs. No one should bring up a boy so that his only or chief qualification for useful employment in his manhood is his fitnoss to act as clerk, book-keeper or attendant in an office or store. "Nine times out of ten" the boys and men so brought up lead lives of disappointment and penury. — Public Ledger. PoUlji^y DE^^'\T^'E^^T. (From Journal of Horticulture.) THE EXHIBITION DOEKING. No. 2. I WILL now suppose that some one of my readers has de- termined to take up Dorking fowls for exhibition, or, per- haps, is only desirous of improving his present stock of poul- try by the introduction of fresh blood of the best strains. The question will be — " What is the best way to proceed? " In my own case I attended the nearest poultry exhibition, with -the intention of buying one or two of the best birds for, I expected, a pound or two. You may imagine my disgust on finding all the prize birds priced at £100, and all the rest at nearly equally high prices. However, I presently came to the " selling classes," where the price of the com- peting specimens is usually limited to 30s. ; and, seeing that the second-prize bird was a Dorking cock, entered at that price, and by the catalogue eight months old, I rushed off to the Secretary's office, and after a good deal of pushing and struggling, secured him at the price, also a pair of highly commended hens at the same figure, and returned home very well satisfied with my day's work. I was so pleased with my new purchases, that I invited the poultryman from the neighbouring farm to be present when they were unpacked, and busied myself immensely with wood-work and wire netting to have a separate place for them on arrival so that they might not be contaminated by low-born company. The birds appeared in good time, and were let out and fed, and I confess that they did not look quite so well to me on the ground as when I saw them in a show pen ; and, I may as well here add, that I have found this opinion strengthened by experience, and my readers may take it as a rule that seeing birds at an exhibi- tion is very deceptive, and that if the pens are placed high up it makes them look half as large again. However, to my story. The man caught hold of the cock, and passing his hand down his breast bone, remarked that it was so crooked "that j'ou could put your fist into it, " and asked me to look at the length and sharpness of his spurs, and the scales on his legs, and said he was certain that the bird was FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 359 at the very least, five years old. I strenuously denied this, as the catalogue sfiid ho wna eight months old. Tho hens, however, seemed to i)loiiso liiin, as ho remarked they were very largo, and so they wore loft. I could not keep long away from my new purchase, and on returning to the pen, in an hour or two, I found tho cock's head all covered witli blood, and one of the hen's beak in the same state. This rather astonished me, and I thought tlio cock and hen must have been fighting, which I considered very ungiillant on tlio part of tho old Dorking cock, who I had always hoard styled " tlie pattern of an English gentleman." I watched them for a little while, and soon saw the hen go up to the cock very affeclionately, and commence to pock his comb, which was already stream- ing with blood, and to my aslonishmont tho latter seemed to enjoy it; but I now thought it high time to interfere be- fore tho cannibal hen should have quite eaten his comb away. To make a long story short, the cock proved old and useless, one of the hens was an inveterate comb-eater, while the other laid shell-less eggs, the extreme value of the three being about 4.s- to make into soup, which was their ultimate destination. I could give more instances of disappointment from buy- ing birds in a "selling class," were it necessary, but I shall only mention this one as a sample of the others, so that intending purchasers in a "soiling class" may draw their own inferunces. I do not for an instant deny that bargains are occasionally to be picked up in "selling classes," but only by good judges who are able to appreciate tho merits of birds which some amateur dues not know the value of; but, I am more than ever convinced that beginners had better steer clear of them. In trying, then, to solve the question, where are good birds to be obtained ? I will not attempt to give advice to old fanciers, most of whom are well able to teach me, but simply, if possible, to give'a few hints in a crude form to assist beginners. I recommend any one really ignorant of fancy points, and all that is required in a good bird, and who has not suf- ficient confidonco in his own opinion, nor time to attend an auction, to apply to one of the well-known dealers, who, if ho asks him a good price, will give him a good bird, or else to write to one of the numerous successful exhibitors of the day, stating your wants, and the amount you intend to give, leaving all details to tho exhibitor, and trusting him to send you the value for your money. I have the pleasure of the acquaintance of nearly all the loading Dorking exhibitors and am convinced that not one would take an advantage of a beginner were he to evince confidence ; but when any one writes pretending to be a good judge, the exhibitor will of- ten expect him to find out tho defects for himself. There are many who do not like to buy birds without pre- viously seeing them. I would recommend such to buy their birds "on approval," by which is commonly meant that, if the fowls aro not approved of they may be returned, the in- tending purchaser, of course, paying all carriage both goinn- and returning, and also being answerable that the birds reach homo in safety. Of course, any special agreement can bo made that is thought necessary, but buyers are invariablv expected to send, tho money before the birds are sent ofl". An honest purchaser should have no objection to this, as it will bo readily understood that in these days of sliarp prac- tice vendors must be on their guard, as many apply to have birds sent them on approval who have not the least intention of either paying for or returning them. The next question will bo — " At what time of year aro we most likely to procure birds at a moderate price?" Thin will depend upon what it is wo require. A really good bird, and one likely to win at good shows, has always a certain value, and I should look with suspicion on any advertiser who offers such at a very low price; but inferior birds " wasters," us they are called, aro much more plentiful at one time of year than another. I should recommend any- one who keeps four or five cocks running together, and who wishes for a change of blood of the best strains, to apply to one of the largo breeders and exhibitors about Juno or July in each year, when they must have a large number of chickens from ten to fifteen weeks old, and when they would be generally only too glad to get rid of half a dozen young cockerels showing slight defects for exhibition, but equally good as their best for tho purpose required, at from 10.1. to 1.5s. each. Necessarily for a single bird they would charge rather more. One great advantage of procuring cockerel chickens of this age is, that they will not attempt to fight tho old birds if introduced into a strange yard ; while they will grow up with your own chickens, and you will escape all the fighting and destruction which is tho inevitable result of intrnducing a full-grown cock into a new yard. This object may also be attained by purchasing sit- tings of eggs, but in doing so too great care cannot be ex- pended in ascertaining, in the first place, whether the adver- tiser really has good stock ; and secondly, whether, if he has, if he will let you have the eggs from them. There aro many complaints of bought eggs not hatching, but anyone who knows what a little is required to spoil a clutch of eggs will not always attribute failure to the roguery of tho ven- dor, though I am sorry to express my belief that the latter is sometimes the case. T. C. B. (For Fanciers' Journal.) JUDGES OF THE A. P. A. TuE appointment nf judges iu the manner provided for is a stej) in the right direction, but that it will serve for an extended pedigree registry I do not believe. I do not sup- pose, however, it was designed for this purpose. The hi^h price charged will prevent the wholesale registration of fowls "in order to sell them." However, there will beliltloinducc- ment to register poor fowls, as the registry describes tho quality of the bird, and this would expose manj- who now boast that they breed pedigree birds and sell stock and eggs on the strength of tho pedigree. Instead of putting scrub stock on a par with the best, it will make a proper discrim- ination, and note each fowl at its real value as measured by tho Standard of Excellence. It will enable those who have really first-class fowls to advertise them as such, not merely upon their own repre- sentation, but with tho endorsement of the A. P. A. When the young fancier sends for high-priced birds he is often disappointed, expecting better fowls than those which he receives, and ho is ready to charge the breeder with mis- reprosentj\tion. By this arrangement the honest dealer can fortify his statement by the certificate of the judge. Those who have registered poor birds in the pedigree book, will have no desire to have them scaled and registered by the A. P. A., as this would only serve to expose them ; but those who have really fine fowls will find it to their advantage to do so. This seems to bo tho great defect in the present ped- igree system, that it nuikes no distinction whatever between good and bad fowls. F. K. Wotrikg. Mansfield Valley, Ta. 360 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. Boo^ Side of end coop. Sliding Entrance to yard. O 8 feet. Yard — Picket fence, IS feet. Front of single coop, 12 feet. EAST. — Four of the coops under one roof, 48 feet front in all. The sliding windo-w gives light and ventilation in each department as you may wish it. The stationary window gives light to hoth departments. (For Fanciers' Journal.) WAYSIDE NOTES. The fancier who visits Pittsburg should not fail to meet C. B. Elben, and visit his yards. These are located near Sewickly, about twelve miles from the city, and are readily reached by railroad. Mr. Elben, though closely confined to business, still finds time to see that his birds are well cared for. Inclosed is the plan of his yards and buildings. As these have proven very convenient in the experience of this breeder, they are presented in the hope that they may meet the wants of some of your readers who desire a cheap and convenient plan. Mr. Elben at present confines himself to Light Brahmas, Black African Bantams, and Aylesburj' Ducks. He is this season breeding from three yards of Light Brahmas. These have been mated with great care, and he expects to raise some birds of more than ordinary excellence from them. He sent out some fine birds early last fall, and will doubtless do so again next autumn. Last year he imported some fine Aylesbury Ducks from England, and this Spring he received another choice pair which were noticed in a recent number of the Jozirnal. He seems determined to be in the very front rank as a breeder of this variety, and his past successes where he has exhibited his birds, have fully justified his high aims. The African Bantams, the originals of which were also noticed in the Journal, he regards as near perfection as it is possible to breed these beautiful pets. These, added to his former fine stock, give promise of excellent results for the future. Prominent breeders have written him, volunteer- ing to render him any assistance in their power, in order to make him the first breeder of this variety in the country. Until recently he also bred Dark Brahmas and Dominiques, and was a member of the committee for the revision of the standard on Dominiques and Plymouth Bocks; but he thought that by lessening the number of varieties he could give more attention to each, and could do better for those East. — Orchard, Yard. C D A West.— Four coops (like the above), 12 feet each — 4S feet in all. A. — Entrance to roosting department. B. — Entrance to laying depart- ment, from the roosting department, all ground floor, but laying depart- ment kept covered with clean straw. C. — Entrance to yard. D. — Roosts, two feet high. E.— Entrance to orchard. F.— Nests, two feet high. who intrusted him with their orders ; and the wisdom of this course has been manifest from the increasing patronage which he receives. PANCIEKS' JOURNAL AND POULTIIY KXCHANGE. 361 He hiia.from the organiziitidti of the Western Pennsyl- vania Poultry Society, been one of its mORt active mcmbcv?, and much of its success has boon due to his untiring exer- tions in its behalf. The Pennsylvania Legisliilun; 1ms one of the poultry frii- tornity as chairman of one of its important committees. I refer to Hon. D. J. Rogers, of Mansfiold, Alleghany County, Pa., Chairman of the Committee on Vieo and Immorality, who refused to bring in a bill from the Committee, for the repeal of the local option, but who brought in a minority report opposing the repeal. Mr. Rogers' specialty is Dark Brahmas, of which he has bred some fine specimens. He breeds for pleasure rather than for profit, but finds ready sale for his surplus birds. W. (F.irFnn.-i.T.H'.Tmirnal.) "THE HOUDAN FOWL— BY CHARLES LEE." OuiuiNALiTY and genuine love for the subject must be apparent in any one at the present day who gives us a read- able book on poultry. Lewis Wright and many other able writers have left scarcely a want to be supplied in this con- nection, and it is besides a subject that does not afford a very wide field for authorship. To such an extent is this true that it would seem almost a necessity for a writer to follow the well-beaten track in choosing this for his subject, and thereby lack in novelty and freshness. But, in presenting this modest and unassuming volume as a claimant upon our regard, Mr. Lee has wisely confined himself to the relation, mainly, of his own long and satisfactory experience with one breed — the Houdan — thus attaining, by the devotion of time and thought condensed upon one variety, in auihorship, what we have always claimed could be attained in breeding — a higher and more accurate knowledge, and better suc- cess, than is possible in cultivating too many kinds. ' That he has not accomplished the extremely difficult if not im- possible task of making every jiage a record of originality, is true — true, too, that he freely acknowledges his obligation to Lewis Wright and otliers for valuable quotations, but yet we fail to perceive the necessity for the semi-apologetic preface which introduces the work. It is simple, natural, and true throughout, and will be a,vade mecum — a necessity to every cultivator of this most profitable and beautiful race of fowls. Nothing seems to be omitted necessary for the amateur or fancier to know, or that experience could suggest relative to the peculiar care and attention necessary to this especial breed ; and, greatly to our delight, ho insists upon the necessity of attention to points of practical importance, rather than cvcliifiu^e attention to the demands of fancv, although the pure fancier will find ample and excellent in- formation as to the production of his ideal also. It is much to be regretted, in our opinion, that the really useful and practical qualities of all fowls should not be as much the fancier's ambition, as to excel in size and standard marking, as the real value of fowls of course is dependent upon their egg-producing powers, and thoir worth for the table. Our author claims, and maintains by facts and fig- ures, that bis favorites have the highest claim to the two last-mentioned qualities, which gives them especial attrac- tion to the farmer and amateur, while their novel crests and beards, with their strangely attractive contrast in plumage, their natural vivacity and spirit, render them worthy a very high place in the regard of the strict fancier. The work is written with the earnest spirit of one who loves the subject he treats of, and also with a confidence be- gotten of long experience, containing many suggcstioDH of his own, both origiiuil and valuable, oh well as contributions from brother anuiteurs, among whom Mr. Leo doubtless ranks deservedly high as authority. We heartily commend its jierusal to any and all interested in poultry, believing it worth in practical value many limes its cost, and welcome it as a most valuable addition to poultry literature. N. T. C. (F..r rancii-rV ,I<.urn;.l.) CAT CARING FOR CHICKENS. A FEW days ago, while one of my hens was hatching, I removed nine of the chicks and placed them in a wood-box in the kitchen. Of course they began to "peep," but ere long all was still, and I thought something must have hap- pened to them; but in looking what should I see but our " old cat," and around her the little chicks nestled as nice as you please. I removed one to the further end of the boi, and immediately the cat took it in her mouth and placed it with the rest, and then laid down as before. I let her tend them all day, and the next I placed them with their rightful mother. I attributed her queer acts to the fact that she had some kittens a few days before and unfortunately they died, hence she claimed the chickens instead. Next I Waupaca, Wis., May 2;!, 1S73. I. P. LoRD. KENNEL AND •^■.,^^^ SpOF^JSIVl^I^'s DEp/^F^Tp/IEflj. THE WOOD OR SUMMER DUCK. This duck {A7tas uponsa) takes its first name, and that by which it is most generally known, from its singular habit of building its nest in hollow trees, taking possession for this purpose of the deserted holes of the large woodpecker; the name of Summer Duck, from its abiding with us through- out the summer, it being almost the only one which docs so to any great extent. The species ranges over the whole of the United Stales, and occurs sparingly as far north as Nova Scotia. In win- ter it accumulates in largo numbers in the Southern States. It makes its appearance here, in the Champlain Valley, in April, and migrates southward in October. The Wood Duck is the most beautiful bird we have, com- bining beauty of form and color. It has nothing of the awkwardness in its appearance which almost all other ducks have in a greater or less degree. Its length is about twenty inches. Its bill is broader than high at the base, with upper mandible convex curved, and with a slender nail at tip. It is bright red at base, yellowish on the sides, ridge and tip black, as is also the lower mandible. Irises and edges of 362 PANOIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. eyelids bright red. Feet central, weak ; web, entire, dull orange ; claws black. Plumage is dense, soft, blended and glossed ; the feathers of the back head are narrow and elon- gated, forming a fine crest on the male. Top of the head, crest and about the eyes, different shades of green. Crest and side of head marked by two white lines ; a black patch on side of neck, chin, back part of cheek, and a process half round the throat pure white ; lower part of the neck and breast bright chestnut-brown, spotted with white ; back scapulars, wings and tail exhibiting a play of green, purple, blue, gray and velvet black; a hair-like, shining, reddish-purple tuft on each side of the rump ; belly whitish ; flanks yellowish-gray, beautifully waved with black, the tips of the long feathers, and also those on the shoulder, broadly barred with white and black, and on most of the plumage is a play of colors with a metallic lustre. The female is without the tufts on the rump, the fine lines on the flanks, has a shorter crest and less vivid plumage, it being mostly of a brownish hue. Audubon says : " The flight of this species is remarkable for its speed, and for the ease and elegance with which it is performed. The Wood Duck passes through the woods, and even among the branches of trees, with as much facility as the Passenger Pigeon, and while removing from some secluded haunt to its breeding-grounds, at the approach of night, it shoots over the trees like a meteor, scarcely emit- ting any sound from its wings." The eggs, which number from six to fifteen, according to the age of the bird, are placed on dry plants, feathers and a scanty portion of down. They are smooth, nearly ellipti- cal, of a light color, between buff and pale green, two inches in length by one and a half in diameter. If the nest overhangs the water, the young, as soon as they are hatched, drop into it, but if at some distance, the mother carries them to it one by one, carefully held in her bill. Their food is principally wild oats, acorns, beechnuts and various berries, and Thompson adds, " insects, worms and tadpoles." The young birds are well-grown and strong on the wino- by the fifteenth of August, and Wood Duck shooting prop- erly begins then. The methods of pursuing this sport varies with the character of the streams where it is sought. If the stream has wooded banks with little or no raar.sh, the sports- man will do best to go on foot, following cautiously the bank and keeping constant and keen-eyed watch, which must be increased as he approaches the likeliest places, such as acorn-laden oaks overhanging the water, where the ducks resort to feed upon the fallen mast, or thick tufts of sedge and rushes, among which a log or fallen tree lies, on which these fowls delight to sit and sleep in the sun. If he is fortunate enough to find a dozen or so of ducks sitting in a row in such a place, and can creep up without iisturbing them, within short range, so that he can rake the 'og with his first barrel and put in his second as those unhurt irise, it will be his own fault if the weight of his bag is not greatly increased. He must be constantly alert, as birds will rise from unex- pected places. I have several tiaies started them from thick tangles of grape vines ten feet above the water. It will save the sportsman much time and trouble if he is accompa- nied by a well-broken retriever, but it is not so necessary as in the shooting next to be described. If the stream is bordered by wide marshes the shooting '.nust be done from a light boat, propelled by a skillful pad- iler, the shooter sitting near the bow and shooting the birds is they rise from the rushes and wild oats, which in most ;ases hide them until they do rise. If the ducks have been Little disturbed in their haunts, the boat must not be paddled too silently lest they be passed unflushed and unseen ; but if they have been much shot at, then the boat cannot move too cautiously. The birds rise on either side by ones and twos, sometimes dozens, and afford great sport. Or the shooter may lie concealed among the rushes in his boat from sundown to dark, or in the earl}' morning, in the line of the ducks' flight as they pass to and from their feeding grounds, and shoot them as they fly past. The inexperienced shooter must remember that the flight of the duck is more rapid than it seems, and that if he aim not well ahead of his bird he will miss it by shooting behind. A wounded duck will skulk and hide so cunningly in the marsh, and one killed outright is so hard to mark down closely from a moving boat and where the cover has so few noticeable marks, that without a good dog one will not re- cover half the birds he brings down. In those places where Wood Duck breed in great numbers and are not frequently disturbed they congregate in large flocks, sometimes of a hundred or more; but where few breed and are often shot at and otherwise molested, one sel- dom sees more than a dozen together, oftener not more than bwo or three. It is strange that this beautiful bird has not been domesticated, as it is a fine duck for the table, and cer- tainly no more showy or attractive addition could be made to the poultry-yard. — R. B. R., in Rural New Yorker. Fekeisbuegh, Vt. PIGEONS IN WESTERN NEW YORK. Therb are countless millions of pigeons, says the Roches- ter Democrat, to be found within one hundred miles of this city. The country lying between the main line of the Erie Railroad from Corning to Buffalo, and the Rochester branch from Corning to Avon, is literal!}' alive with the birds. Their roosting-place is situated in a wild mountainous region west of Coopers, N. Y., a few miles this side of Corning, and embraces a tract of land from seven to ten miles square, heavily timbered, and unbroken by clearings or highways, from which they issue at daylight, and scatter over the country for many miles in search of their food, which con- sists principally of acorns. The birds made their appear- ance near Coopers, near three weeks ago, and have advanced further west daily, until they now fly as far west as Spring- water. During the week they will in all probability be found at all points along the Genesee Valley, and scattered FANCIIUIS' JOURNAL AND POULTKY EXCHANGE. 363 over the surrounding country, luid thoro is prospects tliiit a considoriiblo numl)or of tho birds will build tlieir nosts iind breed in tliia county, and tliosii adjoining. At present tbo easiest way to bag tlioin is to go to Coopers, Curtis, Camp- bells, or Savona, and cboose an elevated position directly in tbe lino of flight, and shoot as the immense floclc come surg- ing past. This plan gives an opportunity to shoot in tho morning as tho birds lly to tho feeding grounds, and again at night as they return to roost, and avoids tho fatigue of climbing tho high, rough, wooded hills in which the birds feed during tho day. Tlie writer took a trip to Campbells last week, made big bags, and never had more enjoyment crowded into a two days' trip. Tho birds lly over the western side of tho val- ley in tho morning, and go back on the eastern side at night, Cying' just above the tree tops as they pass up and down the mountains. Opposite the village of Campbells are three high hills; on tho top of the centre one our party took up their position, and when tho (light commenced, about 5.30, p. M., we could not load and fire fast enough to take the Hocks as they chai'ged upon us like the waves of the ocean. Tho (light lasted an hour. From our elevated position wo commanded a view of tho country for ten or twelve miles in length, and five or six in width, and for the entire distance immense flocks could be seen stretching out in long lines, until lost in the distance. When nearing the " roost " sev- eral Hocks arriving simultaneously would sweep together into one immense flock and alight in tho trees in a thick mass, seemingly covering an acre or more. Several trap- pers are endeavoring to ascertain the exact location of the feeding ground, for the purpose of catching the birds with nets, but as yet have not come far enough west to meet with success. — Field. 1 J E |VI S. 8®° A Mania you Killing Animals. — An old woman of Koltingdean, .England, has singularly depraved tastes. She coaxed all tho cats and dogs she could into her house, and none of her victims ever came out. Her neighbors missed their animals, and at length found out where they went to. The Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals finally took the old lady in hand. She defended her house with a red hot iron poker and denied them admittance. They called the police, who stormed and took her castle. Her occupation was to starve eats and dogs to death and preserve their frames. In a closet tho police found flfly cat skeletons, and in her starving-room were a hundred dogs and cats, in difterent stages of disease and starvation. These animals were killed to put them out of their misery and Mrs. Chantrell's museum was broken up. What the old lady was driving at is a mys- tery. As it stands it is a case of inexplicable cruelty. 8®°" Maryland Horskmanship. — The editor of The Turf, Field and Farm is acquainted with tbe writer of the following anecdote, and vouches for its truth. Maryland has always boon noted for her fine horsemen, and some of us are yet alive who can remember the superb riding of her Howards, her Kidgoleys, her Halls, her CarroUs, her Brogdens, and many others who could live with tho fleetest hounds through tho longest runs and bo there or thereabouts at the death of the fox. "I wish to tell you of a feat in equestrianism that has probably never had a [larallcl in this country. A gentleman and two friends were on their way to camp-meeting (gomo thirty-five years ago) ; the "camp" was held not far from therocksof Deer creek, in Harfordcounty, Md. On the road, about a hundred yards ahead, thoy noticed an ox-cart. One of the gentlemen, Maj. Rutledgo, said to the persons with him, "I will bet drinks for the party that I can jump my horse in the cart while going, and steady him until we reach the tavern," about a half mile further on. He put his horse in a slow canter, and when ho camo to tho cart he landed him safely in the body, and sat on his horse until the cart reached the tavern, and then, still on his back, jumped him out over the front of tho cart. Tho old gentleman is still living, at the advanced age of seventy-seven. — U., in lialii- more Sun. 8©"LiFKT00 SuoRT KOR Strike. — Charles Dickens re- lates the following of Douglas .Jerrold : " Of his generosity I had a proof within these two or three years, which it saddens me to think of now. There bad been estrangement between us — not on any personal subject, and not involving any angry words — and a good many months had passed without my ever seeing him in the street, when it fell out that we dined, each with his own separate party, in the'stranger's room of the club. Our chairs were almost back to back, and I took mine after he was seated and at dinner, (I am sorry to remember) and did not look that way. Before we had sat long, he openlj' wheeled his chair round, stretched out both bands in an engaging man- ner, and said aloud, with a bright and loving face that I can see as 1 write to you : "'Let us be friends again? A life is not long enough for this I '" Jerrold was not a Christian, but his conduct in this case was worthy of the Christian character. On a dying bed, how insignificant will appear many things about which we contend in bitterness and wrath ? Life is so short, its inev- itable sorrows so many, its responsibilities so vast and solemn, that there is indeed, no time to spare in bruising and man- gling one another. S@» A French Orano-Outanq. — The Paris Jardin des Plantes recently received another addition to its list of curi- osities. This is a young lady orang-outang presented to the menagerie by Captain Maynard, tbe African traveller. Tho creature is of the species called Joko, and her peculiar virtue as a curiosity consists in the absurd caricature which she unintentionally presents of feminine deportment and beha- vior. The education she has as yet received is evidently of what the French call a most primary kind, and it seems that it was not until her arrival at Marseilles that she was even as much as clothed. Here, however, she was provided with a sort of great coat, which enabled her to display at once her modesty and her taste in costume. The dignity and reserve of her demeanor in receiving visitors is especially admired, and her behavior at the table is also in some respects irreproachable. Nevertheless at tbe sight of a fa- vorite dish she is unable always to preserve her gravity, but will wave her napkin in the air ond then hide her face in it, and again uncover it with cries of joy, after the manner of Gargantua. As tho education of this young genius pro- gresses it bids fair to develop some traits in her character, not only amusing, but valuable to tbe pupils of Mr. Darwin, and for their sakcs, if for no other, we wish her a longer life than that which has fallen to the lot of most of her spe- cies imported into Kurope. Hitherto the intelligence she displays is, as far as it goes, on a level with very infantine humanity, with tho one exception of that feminine coyness already mentioned which in a human species belongs to M more adult age. S64 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. I (1= ANCIEKS' IfOURNAL AND 4pOULTEY y^XCHANQH JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pkof. a. N. Rattb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Norch Uintli Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " TT. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. CoF^F^ESfOflDEflCE. EGOS HATCHING WBLL AFTER A LONG JOURNEY. Mr. Wm. E. Flower writes us that a neighbor of his received twenty-two Dark Brahma eggs from W. H. Todd, Vermilion, Ohio, and hatched from the same eighteen healthy chicks, with two dead chicks in the shell. This is certainly a good hatch, considering the distance travelled and the unfavorable season. Friend Wade : Tours of the 24th inst. is at hand. I am perfectly satis- fied with the printing you have done for me ; you do the best work and have the finest cuts of any poultry paper oflSce that I have patronized. I thank you for being so prompt. I cheerfully inclose the amount of your bill, $11.50, which please receipt and return. Very respectfully yours, Pkovidenoe, E. I., May 27, 1875. C. G. Sanford. centennial. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : Permit me to suggest through the Journal, to the committee who have in charge the arrangements for the Centennial poultry show, the propriety of securing persons to prepare papers on the progress and prospects of poultry breeding. These might be read at convenient times during the progress of the show, and afterwards published for the general dissemination of information on the subject. If sufficient time were given to the individuals selected, many facts might be collected which would not only be of great interest to breeders, but to the people at large. Would it not also add interest to the meetings of the A. P. A. if persons were appointed to deliver addresses during its sessions ? P. R. Wotring. Mansfield Valley, Pa. Editor Fanciers' Journal : In February last, I placed six hens and one cock, B. B. Red Games, by themselves for breeders. I knoio they have been separated from all other fowls since that time. My yard is boarded two feet from the ground, so that they can- not see birds on the outside, unless they fly on the ridge-pole. My neighbor keeps White Leghorns, which, until lately, have run next my pen. Yesterday eleven eggs from this pen hatched ; three of the chicks were white and two had white on them ; the rest were all right. I have sold eggs from this pen for pure bloods, and presume I shall be the innocent cause of a fresh cry of "dishonest dealers." However, I intend, should any of the eggs sold prove bad, to replace them from another pen. * * * young pigeons dying in the shell. Editor Fanciers' Journal : I am in trouble — 1 had four pairs of pigeons with eggs, all due about the same day. The eggs appeared all right until the day they should have hatched, when I found the eggs chipped, but the young pigeons dead in the shell. Each egg was fertile. My wife thinks a thunderstorm the day before had something to do with it. I do not; other- wise how did the young pigeons chip the egg ? I have been thinking it might be because of the dryness of the atmosphere. Each nest-pan was half-filled with sawdust, and I am going to try wetting it a little the last few days of incubation. Can you help me out of my Trouble. P. S. — I had two pairs do the same thing once before this spring. three eggs in one day. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: A neighbor of mine had a hen which laid three eggs in one day. It was indeed a curiosity — one egg of quite large size containing the white and yolk, and another egg with a hard shell, which also, as the outside one, had an egg in it with a soft shell, making an egg within an egg, or two in one. I do not say this on my own authority, but it is vouched for by several responsible parties. Tours truly, R. Hurlbut. A MAMMOTH HENNERY. An exchange gives the following account of a mammoth hennery, which has been established by two brothers, in Colorado, a few miles from Denver : " It covers four acres, which is laid out like a village, with streets and avenues, along which are built long rows of houses of various designs. Regular families of hens are assigned to these houses, and it is found that they quickly domesticate themselves without troubling their neighbors. The population of the village is about two thousand, divided closely into social cliques of Brahmas, Cochins, Shanghais, and Dorkings, and the chief products are eggs and spring chickens. Sundays included, the industrious matrons of the village turn out daily from forty to fifty dozen eggs, which are sold at Denver from thirty to fifty cents per dozen." Why cannot this example be followed by other people in difiTerent places? Hoping that you may be interested in this, I remain your friend, Buff. AMONG THE FANCIERS. In my travels West I called on Mr. Ernest W. Wider, of East St. Louis, Ills., who I found to be a very sociable and agreeable gentleman, making one feel quite at home by his easy and agreeable way. Mr. Wider is extensively known in the West as a fancier in every sense of the word. He devotes most of his time to the care of his pets. I was kindly shown through the dift'erent yards of fine poultry, which was a great treat to me. I was next shown the pigeon loft, containing nearly all varieties of pigeons, such as Pouters, Tumblers, Carriers, Barbs, etc. I noticed some very fine Barbs, Carriers, and Almond Tumblers — in fact the pigeons were all very fine specimens, with few ex- ceptions. Mr. Wider has quite an extensive trade from the South and West. Yours truly, Wm. G. Baker. FANCIERS' JOUllNAL AND POULTRY KXCIIANGK. 36.' imported eqos. Prirnd Wadii: From tho Dark Brahma nggs importiid by you for mo I have sucrmidcd in getting night flno chicks and um well pliuiaod with the result. I won a sitting of Ijiglit and a sit- ting of Dark Itralima eggn at Jnmciitown show, from W. H. Todd. Tlii^y were so well packed, etc., that I have ten light and eh^ven dark clucks from tlicrn, which is bettor than most of us in this vicinity can do at homo. Yours truly, Geo. S. Jcssei.yn. FUKUONIA, N. Y., Miiy ;il, 1875. A VERY aOOlJ HATCn. I RECEIVED on tho 10th of May one dozen of White Leghorn eggs from J. Y. IJicknell's first premium stock. Tho hen broke ono in tho nest. She brought eight out of eleven ; very good for this year. J. H. Morrison. Can you,orany of your readers, account for the difference in the color of the yolks of hens' eggs ? Some are very dark yellow, while others are a very light color. Ono of my neighbors gives an account of breaking a fresh- laid egg which contained a quantity of fresh blood. Per- haps some of your readers can account for it. Alisert Lane. election op officers. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : At the last meeting of the Maryland State Poultry Association the following officers were elected for the ensuing year : Presidents. H. Slifer. Vice-Presidents — David Mordecai, Wm. T. Walters, F. A. Rommel,. Secretary — George O. Brown. Treasurer — George Schwinn. Executive Committee — Geo. Colton, Ezra Whitman, T. A. Cochran, C. Becker, D. F. Wall, in addition to the Presi- dent and other officers. The next exhibition will be held from January 3 to 7, 187G. Very truly yours, G. O. Brown. Baltimore, June 3, 1875. Spfl^LL PeJ DEf^F^TIVIErJT AND YOUNQ VOLK'S CORNEU. 4^ All communications and contributions intcndi'ii for tliis ilepnrt- ment should be addressed to HOWARP I. lUELANP, Canulin, N. .1. THE TWO THRUSHES. (A yAin,E FROM TUK sl'ANISH.) A TiiRUSH, whose venerable age Had served to make him shrewd and sage. His callow grandson thus addressed : " Come ! leave awhile your idle nest, And try your wings, for once, with me; Such luscious grapes as you shall see Will surely give you great delight ; Come on ! 'tis but a moment's flight To where an ancient vineyard lies, Whose wondrous wealth will glad your eyes; I'll show you, lad, the very vines Whence Bacchus draws his choicest wines I" Away they fly — the eager pair — Till 'lighting on a vineyard where Tho grapes in purple cluslerg hung, As fine as jioet ever sung, " Fio I" sneered tho youngster, " do you call Such things as these, so poor and small, Worth looking at? Just come with me, A little space, and you shall see, A grape of such prodigious size 'Twill sun-ly fill you with surprise; So large that ono, upon my oath, Will innke a dinner for us both !" With that he quickly led the way To where a common garden laj-. " See there I" he cries, and proudly shows, What wondrous thing, do you suppose? A calabash — which all-agape. The fool had taken for a grape. MORAL. The silly thrush was just as wise As those who deem a volume's size, (Despite its literary dearth), The real mea-sure of its worth I — John G. Saxe. A BRAVE SftTJIRREL. The recent ignominious defeat of a ferocious young lioness by an humble and ugly donkey in our Zoological Garden has a curious parallel in the result of a deadly combat Wed- nesday evening between a large diamond rattlesnake and a little squirrel, during the snake exhibition over the Rhine, at 522 Vine street. This snake is one of the largest of its species, six feet and a half in length, and having been with- out food for months was inclined to act on the offensive ; tho squirrel was inexperienced in serpent warfare, but won- derfully plucky. On the whole, we are inclined to consider tho poor little squirrel as having distinguished himself even more than the brave donkey, whose prowess has been ably memorialized in marble by a Cincinnati sculptor. The donkey barely saved his life by a desperate struggle without inflicting much hurt upon his terrible antagonist ; the squir- rel was left alone to contend with the most dreaded and deadly enemy of human or animal life, and actually slew his antagonist. We erred in pronouncing the feathery-tailed little warrior dead yesterday. He still lives, and by careful treatment might recover. But his hideous enemy is dead. It was not known that the snake had expired until a late hour Wednesday night. When the .squirrel had been placed in the cage, the slimy-shining monster immediately sprang his rattle and coiled to strike; while the squirrel, having taken a good look all around the cage, and found escape to bo impossible, prepared himself for the worst, watching his glittering-eyed enemy with fierce resolution. The spectacle became highly interesting to the spectators, for the deadly ophidian was contending with a far higher form of life, a finer organism, a more intelligent being than the helpless creature which ordinarilj* supplied him with food. Snake and squirrel alike poised themselves for tho spring, the tail of the former vibrating so rapidly as to become almost in- visible, and omitting a sound like the buzz of a brazen clock-work ; the tail of tho latter trembling slightly, very slightly, with the tension of the squirrel's muscles. Sud- denly a sickly gleam of livid white shot across the cage, 366 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. and struck the squirrel below the neck, once, twice, with the rapidity of an electric flash. The spectators ceased to laugh and whispered ; the sight was too horrible. But the brave little squirrel did not shrink or drop. He sprang forward to meet his terrible foe and caught the writhing tail between his keen teeth. There was a crackling sound like the crushing of chicken-bones, a hideously shrill hiss, an agonized wriggle through the long, speckled body, and the next instant the squirrel was wrapped in the coils of the serpent, while the fragments of the bony rattles fell on the floor of the cage crushed into tiny slivers. But the squirrel still showed no fear, although the many-colored folds tight- ened about him and the awful triangular head approached with wide-open jaws and needle-sharp eyes in which the yellow iris-circle seemed transformed to flame. There was another sickly flash of white as the livid serpent-belly turned upward with the eflbrt of the last venomous stroke. The fangs never reached the squirrel. He caught the speckled neck between his keen teeth an inch below the deadly head with his horrible eyes ; and his horrible eyes started out under the pressure. There was another crackling sound, another series of ghastly convulsions, and the horrible fanged mouth opened for the last time. The squirrel shook the reptile between his strong jaws until the clammy coils dropped from about him; and then flung the whole squirm- ing mass from him. It writhed once or twice, half coiled, and lay still. It was dead. The squirrel immediately after became very sick, and dropped into a state of apparent coma, thus giving the impression that it was dead ; but it revived a little yester- day and may possibly recover. Certainly every care should be taken of it, for a braver fight has never been made by so helpless an animal against so deadly an enemy. The snake will be stuffed. — Cincinnati Enquirer. (For Fanciers' Journal.) CURING SKINS WITHOUT REMOVING THE HAIR. Take soft water, about ten gallons, one-half bushel of wheat bran, seven pounds of salt, two and a half pounds of sulphuric acid. Dissolve altogether and put the skins in the solution and allow them to remain twelve hours ; take them out and clean them well, and again immerse twelve more hours, or longer, if necessary. The skins may then be taken out, well washed and dried. They can be beaten soft, if desired. Tours respectfully, A. W. Lane. (For Fanciers' Journal.) HERE IS A TRUE PARROT STORY. A YOUNG lady was visiting an aged couple who were the owners of a very fine parrot, and, while at their home, re- ceived the attentions of a gentleman, whom we will call Captain Short. The old folks were a little anxious to ascer- tain the exact standing between the two ; so, one evening, on retiring, leaving the young couple to themselves, they also left the parrot in the room. The next morning the old lady went to Polly, and, after patting him a few minutes, asked, " "Well, Polly, what did Captain Short say last night? " Poll looked comical a moment and then answered, "Kiss me," and followed the words with a perfect imitation of a kiss " Kiss me" (smack). Say " kiss me " to that young lady. 8©" Trouble with the Big Elephant. — The elephant "Empress," at the Zoological Garden, is said to weigh fourteen thousand pounds, and to be the largest animal of the kind in America. Since her arrival at the Garden, several months ago, she had been kept in a house with the two smaller elephants and the rhinoceros. During all this time she has not lain down or had any exercise. On last Tuesday she was taken out by her keeper and walked up and down the road iilside the fence at the lower end of the garden, for exercise ; while walking she stepped on some soft earth and lost her footing and fell over on her side. She would make no effort to get up, and neither the threats or persuasion of her keeper, or a severe prodding with his steel pointed rod could induce her to rise. She was then allowed to remain where she was until Thursday, when a derrick was erected over her, ropes passed around her body, and by the aid of block and tackle, and a windlass, propelled by about a dozen laborers, she was got upon her feet, but as soon as the ropes were slackened, she fell again in nearly the same spot. Operations were then suspended until yesterday, when the derrick was again rigged, a trench was dug under her body, the ropes again passed around her, and after several trials she was got upon her feet late yesterday afternoon. When the Ledger reporter left the Garden the tackle had not been removed from the body, and she was allowed to stand, par- tially supported by the ropes, until she "gets used to her legs," The " Empress " does not seem to be sick or injured, but merely stubborn. All the while she laj' on the ground she devoured buckets full of carrots and lettuce, with any quan- tity of hay and was frequently tempted by her keeper with strawberries and other delicacies, to get up and go home ; but she seemed to be perfectly satisfied to lay just where she fell. She was entirely good-tempered, and paid no attention whatever to the operations of the workmen, who climbed over her and stood upon her body at will, to arrange their tackle. — Public Ledger. PHILADELPHIA, The twelfth city in the world, in the number of its in- habitants, and the first in thenumber of conveniences which it offers to all classes of people. It is the largest city in America, having an area of 120 square miles, and containing more houses than any two other cities on this continent, and, with one exception, more inhabi- tants than any other. It has nearly 1000 miles of streets and roads ; more than 500 miles of which are paved, and which, at night, are lighted by 10,000 public lamps. It consumes over 13,000,000,000 U. S. gallons of water per year, supplied by 600 miles of street service-mains, and has more bath-rooms in proportion to dwellings, than any other city in the world. It has over 600 miles of gas street mains, furnishing gas to 1,250,000 of burners. It has over 250 miles of street passenger railways. It contains over 400 churches, meeting-houses and synagogues. It has 400 public schools of all grades. It has 8650 manufacturing establishments, having a cap- ital of $185,000,000; employing 150,000 hands, and turning out manufactured products to the annual value of $400,000,- 000. It has built, equipped, and is sustaining, the only line of trans-atlantic stemners sailing under the American flag. These vessels were all built in Philadelphia, by Philadelphia workmen, out of Pennsylvania iron, and are second to none that float. It has the largest and finest public park in America, containing 2991 acres, and is exceeded by only three public parks in Europe. It is emphatically a city of homes. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGK Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 17, 1875. No. 24. THE "SOKO" OP AFRICA. The Ifitoly publislied JDiiniiils of Dr. Livingstone describe how ho became iu'(iiiniiitod with iiii ungainly species of cliim- pnnzeo, which ho erroneously supposed to be identical with Du Chaillu's gorilla. The native name for it is "Soko." It is thus described : " lie takes away my appetite by his disgusting bestiality of appearance. Ills light-yellow face shows off his ugly whiskers and faint a])ology for a beard; the forehead, villainously low, with high ears, is well in the background of the great dog-mouth ; tho teeth are slightly human, but the canines show the beast by their largo development. The hands, or rather the fingers, arc like those of the natives. The flesh of the feet is yellow, and the eagerness with which the Manyuema devour it leaves the impression that eating sokes was the first stage by which they arrived at being cannibals ; they say the flesh is delicious. The soko is rep- resented by some to be c^ktremely knowing, successfully stalking men and women while at their work, and kidnap- ping children and running up trees with them ; he seems to be amused by the sight of tho young native in his arms, but conies down when tempted by a bunch of bananas, and, as ho lifts that, drops the child ; the young soko in such a case would cling closely to the armpit of the elder. One man was cutting out honey from a tree, and naked, when a soko suddcnlj' appeared and caught him, then let him go. Another man was hunting, and missed in his attempt to stab a soko ; it seized the spar and broke it, then grappled with the man, who called to his companions, ' Soko has caught me ; ' the soko bit off the ends of his fingers and escaped unharmed. Both men are now alive at Bambarrc. " Tho soko is so cunning, and has such sharp eyes, that no one can stalk him in front without being seen ; hence, when shot, it is always in the back. When surrounded by men and nets, ho is generally speared in tho back too; otherwise he is not a very formidable beast. He is nothing, as compared in power of damaging his assailant, to a leopard or lion, but is more like a man unarmed, for it does not occur to him to use his canine teeth, which are long and formidable. Numbers of them como down in the forest within a hundred yards of our camp, and would be unknown but for giving tongue lika foxhounds ; this is tlieir nearest approach to speech. A man hoeing was stalked by a soko and seized ; he roared out, but tho soko giggled and grinned, and left him a.s if he had done it in pla}'. A child caught up by a soko is often abused by being pinched and scratched and let fall. " Tho soko kills tho leopard occasionally by taking both paws and biting them so as to disarm him ; he then goes up a tree, groans over his wounds, and sometimes recovers, while the leopard dies ; at other times both soko and leopard die. Tho lion kills him at once, and sometimes tears his limbs otl", but does not eat him. The soko eats no flesh; small bananas are bis dainties, but not maize. His food consists of wild fruits, which abound ; one, etafene, or Man- yuema mamwa, is like large sweet sop, but indifierent in taste and flesh. The soko brings forth at times twins. A very large soko was seen by Mohamah's hunters sitting |iicking his nails ; they tried to stalk him, but he vanished. Some Manyuema think that their buried dead rise as sokos, and one was killed with holes in his cars, as if ho had been a man. Ho is very strong, and fears guns, but not spears ; ho never catches women. "Sokos collect together and make a drumming noise, some say with hollow trees, thon burst forth with loud 3'ells, which aro well imitated by the natives' embryotic music. If a man has' no spear the soko goes away satisfied ; but if wounded, ho seizes the wrist, lops oflT the fingers and spits them out, slaps the cheeks of his victims, and bites without breaking the skin ; he draws out a spear (but never uses it), and takes some leaves and stuffs them into his wound to staunch the blood ; he does not wish an encounter with an armed man. He sees women do him no harm, and never molests them ; a man without a spear is nearly safe from him. They beat hollow trees as drums with hands, and then scream as music to it ; when men hear them they go to tho sokos ; but sokos never go to men with hostility. JIanyuema say, ' Soko is a man, and nothing bad in him.' " They live in communities of about ten, each having his own female; an intruder from another camp is beaten off with their fist and loud yells. If one tries to seize the female of another, he is caught on the ground, and all unite in box- ing and biting the ofl'ender. A male often carries a child, especially if they are passing from one patch of forest to another over a grassy space; he then gives it to the mother." LEOPARD V. COW. Sir Samdel Baker, in his interesting work on Ceylon, tells us that the leopards in that country cause no little loss among the cattle. They are so daring that they will get to the sheep and cows by scratching through the thatched roofs of tho sheds in which they are kept. Sometimes, however, they meet with their match in the small but active cattle, as in the following instance: About three years ago a leopard took it into his head to try tho beefsteaks of a very savage and short horned cow, who, with her calf, was the property of a blacksmith. It was a dark, rainy night. The blacksmith and his wife were in bed, and the cow and calf were nestled in tho warm straw in tho cattle-shed. The door was locked, and all was apparently secure, when the hungry leopard prowled stealthily around the cow-house, sniffing the prey within. The strong smell of the leopard at once alarmed the keen senses of the cow, made doubly acute by her anxiety for her little charge, and she stood ready for the danger, as the leopard, having mounted on the roof, commenced scratching his way through the thatch. 374 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Down he sprang, but at the same instant, with a splendid charge, the cow pinned him to the wall, and a battle ensued which can be easily imagined. A coolie slept in the corner of the cattle-shed, whose wandering senses were completely scattered when he found himself the unwilling umpire of the fight. He rushed out and shut the door. In a few minutes he succeeded in awakening the blacksmith, who proceeded to load a pistol, the only weapon he possessed. During all this time the bellowing of the cow, the roars of the leopard, and the thumping, tramping and shufliing which proceeded from the cattle-shed, explained the savage nature of the fight. The blacksmith, who was no sportsman, shortly found himself with a lantern in one hand, a pistol in the other, and no idea what he meant to do. He waited, therefore, at the shed door, and holding the light so as to shine through the numerous small apertures, he looked in. The leopard no longer growled, but the cow was mad with fury. She alternately threw a large dark mass over her head, then quickly pinned it to the ground on its descent, and then bored it against the wall as it crawled helplessly toward a corner of the shed. This was the beef-eater in reduced cir- cumstances. The gallant little cow had nearly killed him, and was now giving him the finishing strokes. The blacksmith perceived the leopard's helpless state, and, boldly opening the door, discharged the pistol, and the next minute was bolting as hard as he could run, with the war- like cow after him. She was regularly " up," and was ready for anything or anybody. However, she was at length paci- fied, and the dying leopard was put out of his misery. — Ex- change. PoilLTF^Y DEfi^F^TI^ErJT. (For Fanciers' Journal.) SOMETHING ABOUT JUDGING. The excellent manner in which the premium list of the last Buffalo show was reported, as given in the Journal, ex- hibits many features that other associations might study and apply to their mutual benefit. The judging of fowls and giving the number of points they carry, which is afterwards placed upon the coops for public inspection, is a feature that may, so to speak, be considered as an index to the merit of the bird judged, and one that allows the judge no margin for unwise or hasty inspection of stock. By the card system his very reputation is at stake, and his decision must neces- sarily be such that it will stand the test of criticism from others equally experienced. We think, however, 07ie judge is insufficient; not on ac- count of their competency being questioned, but, in judging many fowls where there is finely-penciled plumage, such as Dark Brahmas and Partridge Cochins, can one judge " go through " a good number of birds where the competition is extremely close, and do justice, especially if he is limited to be through at a certain time? The task is not only tedi- ous for one man, and two good judges (for mind I say two good — for one good and one poor, unless there is "giving in," time would be no object) would certainly work more expeditiously and not as apt to err as one. The saving of time is all-important, and the sooner the awards can be given and placed upon the coops, the more interest will be aroused in the exhibition, which will increase the number of visitors. I think it is due to exhibitors where they are awarded a premium — they should have their names given with the award card that is placed upon the coop. A card as large again as those now used could be adopted in this style : — Wkstkrn New Tork Poultry Society. First and Special Premium PULLET. Number of Points Carried, 96 CLEVELAND, O. The exhibitor would then save the card as a memento, and a man with a full hand of "firsts" would feel his pride in a, pointed manner, and they certainly would be more sure of being a record of meritorious birds than a pedigree register, however classic or symbolic the names attached. As the editor of this paper has remarked, we see mo reason why exhibitors should not place their names upon their coops placed on exhibition. What difference does it make to a conscientious judge whose fowls a coop contains? All he cares for is their merit (the fowls') or degree of excellence in accordance with the standard. The days of favoritism are past — it might have answered in obscure places a few years ago, but now the exhibitions are too numerously visited by fanciers, and the public have a slight idea of some of the requirements of pure-bred fowls. I should like to see all poultry associations adopt the point card, and there should also be a general understanding, or a rule that all societies should govern their awards by, as to how many points shall constitute a first, second, and third premium bird. As it now stands, some birds which are crowned with first honors at some exhibitions would come away down to fourth or fifth at other shows. Consequently if an uniform degree was adhered to by all societies it would not only bring out a better class of fowls at the exhibitions, but would also tend to elevate the fancy and stop fifth-class poultry being adver- tised as first. I was glad to see an editorial calling the attention of the A. P. A. to the importance of action on the appointment of judges, by granting diplomas, etc. This movement by the Association is a good one, and the sooner there is a quorum convened for the purpose specified the better. The granting of diplomas tojudges from the A. P. A. will give the judgechar- acter, and be evident to all that he is competent. And know- ing as a rule hereafter better judges will be at the shows will encourage more careful breeding. Will it not also be the means of securing proper judges at State and county agri- cultural fairs, which so often fail to appoint proper judges? I have seen a trio of fowls [fouls would be more appropri- ate) that won (?) first-prize at a State fair that would have been totally disqualified at a poultry exhibition. Such cases will not occur under the "new departure." G. 0. B. Brooklahdville.JMd., June 10, 1875. FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 375 (For Fanciers' Journal.) "FOOLHOOD." Undkk Iho lUiovo capticiii ai)|ii'nrs an artiulo in tliij PauUry Wnrld (.luno luimbor), which has the merit, at least, of " droadiiiK doop water" and "."sticking to woU-boatcn ruts." The formative period of hen Jew r he designates " Foolhood," i.e., when in tho incipient staj^c, and notwithstanding his assertion, that, as a rule, perhaps it is best to lot tho .stripling alone, he breaks tho. same and cautions poultry journals about promulgating, etc., and he speaks as one who knows, saying : "A /tVrte knowledge is always dangerous" and wishes to fence around the foolhardy beginner who thinks ho can establish a new breed. Why not hang out tho red flag as a cautionary signal instead of consigning to such muto (use mute in either sense) hermitage ? How does " Foolhood" know but ho may bo strutting up some one who knows just what he is about? Wo would like to ask, just hero, who did originate the Log- horns, the Dominiquos, Brahmas, Hamburgs, and many others? He also calls on tho noble Plymouth Kocks and wants to know where are tho original? Wo cannot answer lliis question j but wo can tell " Foolhood " that a neighbor has bred from their descendants for several years and they breed true to feather and points, and with as large a percent- age of standard chicks as is obtained from tho old Hamburgs or White-faced Black Spanish. Then he asks, " What is the Plymouth Kock ? " and says, "Simply a Dominique," etc. Then wo might inquire, what is a Dominique? "Years hence," ho says, " Tho Plymouth Rocks may breed true without those black chickens." Then we will inquire how many years before the Black Spanish will become a fixed breed without throwing " extras? " " What nature loves is good without our leave." We do not know what Foolhood moans by "fighting the natural law of reversion." If it is simply fighting nature, then we opine that to attempt to brood anything of an unnatural color, size or form, is a ■pe-ncrsion of such laws. We have not road a single line of Darwin as yet, nor do we believe that we all sprung from monkeys, though it is hard to believe (sometimes), biit there are exceptions; but wo do believe that it were better to consult nature before the attempt is made to establish a new breed. Wo aro cited to a certain family of millionaires who made it imperative that inter- marrying should bo the rule. Again we are shown a race of nobles whose position secured to them the power of choice among oriental beauty. Tho first have dwarfed themselves to mean proportions though fully establishing the desired pro- pensity, while the latter have sei-ured to themselves robust constitutions, symmetrical proportions, and almost transcend- ent beauty. So much for nature venus art. But wo do not blame anyone for raillery who has attempted to establish anew breed of fowls and placed their murk out of the range of their calibre, or who has framed their standard before sitting the old hen, as wo think must have been the case with the putting on white car-lobes after giving the Brown Leghorn variety their plumage which must eventually be changed a little wo think. Now we know of one Now England fancier who has established a breed of fowls, and who may advertise them ; yes, they are a fully established variety of fowls, and, ho says, possess tho docility of tho Cochin, fecundity of the Hamburg, earliness of the Leghorn, and size of the Dorking, and the heartiest of fowls. This wo fully believe, and, so long as this man holds tho reins, just so long will they pro- gorve their identity, and we think that thoy will come aa well for our first Centennial exhibition aa for the second one, though, friend Foolhomj, you and 1 may bo "clashing steel in warmer climes." But, Mr. Kditor, let us have your "heart and hand " in the business of crushing monopolies, this we ask, and that lees encouragement bo given to the " ring business," else the hen fever will soon reach its crisis, and, instead of choking down honest farmers when they gener- ously tender their hard-earned dollar for a chance to exhibit a dunghill, let them have a chance, and not tell them " wo do not wish to encourage tho breeding of barn-door fowls," fearing a little cash trade perhaps outside of said ring. Granger. (I''.jr l--;iiiel..T.s' .InuriKil.) FACDS VOS STRANGEK AS FICDIONS. Mi.sDKR Vade : Misder Docdor Pailey he vas oben dot doors, so dot mit kareful selecdions some gread dings may bo agomblished mit boultry. I gan fully incur mit him in facds, dot nadure VOS very scnsidivo do beculiaridios, vich shenorally, if nod more, make a sdrong imbressions on her. Dot shondletnans vot rode dat ballet, "Rood Hog or Ex- pires," vas like dot audhor mit " Sweet Homes," he did'nt never have a swines, but all his shildron vas. Some dwendy year ago wo found, von budiful July morning, in do early spring dime, dot during the nighd one pig's sdock vas in- greased elcfon liJdle fellers, all mit iron rings mit dore noses; dot's so. Jlisder Tones, close by me, she used to bull all do feaders out mit von ving of her shickens do keep 'em oft' mit dot gardens, and now dey all hadch, and no flighd feaders efer gomes mit dor vings. I see by dot Fan- ciers^ Gazcdde, of Londons, dot much gondroversy aboud dubbing Game fowls — of it dond vas gruel or nod. Here- dite vill soon fix 'em. Mit a liddle batiencc and sharb nifes dey vill soon breed alrelty dubbed. Bud dot meanest ding vat I no of mit a heredite, vas Domas Kollins ; he own a pig Newfoundlands female dog, and always kepd her sheared shust like a lions ; so she cot sefen bups, j/ust like lions, and von dey vas six monds of old, Mr. Parnum boudt 'em and nefcr found oud dot dilferences undil dog iays. A gommon hens vill bo sod on pedigree occs, and dot here- diiical influences vas so gondagious dot gommon mongrels ofden hadch oud, and dot man vat sold 'om vas cot a bless- ings. Misder O'Rafterdy, on Sixty-Nindth Sdreed, New York, marks her mit do necks mit green bainl, and efry goslin is yust like id. / no me all apoud dot heredite piz- ness some long dime ago, and vould have spoke oud, but now, mit pedigree and sidch exciding its dwendy-flfe cend addention, dot fanciers dond vas prepared for anyding gon- daining such an olemend of sicndific Darwinisdical sdudy. I dank M. D. Pailey for proken dot ices. I dink I vill cot mo a drio of Misder Sherry's choice Vite Bolands, und dri dot grest mit, and breed some Plack-gresdtd Vite Bol- ands; und I vill, I dink, also sculpture oud a big Vile Goachen (vat I got), mit a very dick gomb (make a bea- gomb), and I dink 1 can ri« V K BT I S V. n K X 'I' S From reliable parUi'.s,.»n .iny tuhjcct inlcrcstliig to Fancicra, will be Inserted at 20 cents [jur line of al>out twelve words (Nun|iarcll mcaauro ment), each number or Initial will count a» one word. The following Discounts will np, hade on Prompt Payments. For tlireo montlis 12J^ per cent, discount. *' six months, 25 " ■* " nine months 37^ " " *' twelve niontlis ."iO " " CHANOED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwi.^e the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchanges limited to 48 words, and must be accompanied with 25 Cents for each and every insertion. .ra* Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by tho Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Nonpareil Measurement. Count your liiiej by thU ntte,/rom line to lint. ExcH^NQES. 4^ Advertisements in this Colums, of Five Lines, or Forty Eight Words, descridino and offeriho for exchange only, WILL BE ALLOWED AT 3S CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. T. A. ITINFIELiD, Uiibbard, Ohio, wants common pigeons in ex- change for Fancy poultry or Fancy pigeons. HORACE 91. POOLE, Rockland. Plymouth Co., Mass., will ex- change a large Yellow-lc^'K'-d Baltimore Top Knot Game hen, one that will throw pit fowls— for a good Duckwing or Irish-Grey hen. EXCHANGE, IO.>I Lehigh Street, Easlon, Pa., will give a pair of Snow-White Mice (perfect beauties), express paid, for either first-class eggs or Fautail pigeons. State what you will give, and enclose stamp for reply. P. C. HENRT, B.isl;iug Ridge, N. J., has a Setter pup,2lj months old, color orange and white (pedigree guaranteed) — to exchange for B. B. Red or Puckwing Games. Nothing but good stock wanted. J. T. BEEIi, Franklin, Penn.i., has one trio B. B. R. Game Ban- tams, two Black Sumatra Game bens, two Roae-ComlHHl Dominique hens, and Coin-Silver Watch Guard, cost $15 — to exchange for B. B. R. Game hens; must weigh at least .» lbs., and be first-cLiss stock. Rev. H. A. N'EITZ, Millersburg, Dauphin Co., Pa., will exchange a trio .S. S. Polauds, Bryant's Library of Poetry and Song, and good type —for whatever oircrs.'Hantams, Brown Leghorns, P. Cochins, Wrighfs Illustrated Book of Poultrv. CHARI.es bacon. Natural Bridge, N. Y., has a half Newfound- land and half SI. Bernard dog, fifteen months old, weighing 100 Ids., well marked ; will exohani,-i' for a pair Bronze or White Holland Turkeys and a pair t>f Kr.'\^ ii l.-L:h''nis; must be good. Write, and let us know what FANCIER, IVix ."•.!."•, New Haven, Conn., will exchange (liberally) L Brahma eggs, from line specimens of Dibble strain — for a new or good Webster's Illustrated Unabridged Dictionary, or a fine voung male Canary (.must bo a good songster), or a good field glass. \\Tiat ofiers ? " POIJI.TRT," Box <;!, Basking Ridge, N. .1., will exchange one C. S. Kitie, one Stevens* Pocket Rifle, one Government Revolver, two New- foundland pup.^. two months old; also, poultry and articles of merchan- dise— for poultry. Goods warranted. Make oilers. Now is the time for bargains. P. H. HORNE, Box 23S, Sloneham. Mass.. will exchange one pair of giwd Brown I.oghorns. for young ferrets, voung mink, or other g^>oda. What offers. 384 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. B. A. WmTXjGX,Meadville, Pa., will exchange the New Varieties, for 1871 aud 1872, bound in book form, cost SIO, and is nearly new—for a good solid Black Turbit cock (an old bird), or for a White or Mealy hen Pouter, not less than fifteen inches long. What other otfers? jr. T, BEIili, Franklin, Penna., has a collection of mineral speci- mens (mostly silver ores from Colorado), about 130 in number, weighing from one oz. to ten lbs. each, the whole weighing about seventy-five lbs., valued at $60, further description on application — to exchange for strictly first-class B. B. R. Games cock to weigh not less than 6}4 lbs., hens not less than 5 lbs.; to be well feathered and of good station; no white ear- lobe stock wanted ; quality of more importance than numbers. Persons desiring to exchange will please give particular description of birds. S- S. I>OTT, Basking Ridge, New Jersey, has for exchange an ex- cellent Watch Dog, half blood-hound and half mastiff, weighing over one hundred pounds. Would prefer White Holland Turkeys to anything. Will take fancy fowls. "W, S. KESEP, Dayton, Ohio, wants to exchange one pair Trum- peters, one pair Archangels, one pair Blue Pouters, two pairs White Fans, two pairs Stars, one Yellow Barb, one Black Swallow hen— for one Blue and White Fan, one Yellow Pied Pouter, one Black Nun, one Black Mag- pie, hens; one Black Swallow, one Red-splashed Tumbler, one Black Mottled Trumpeter, cocks ; one pair Black Carriers, White Leghorns, etc. T. J. McDA^PflEIi, Hollis Centre, Me., will exchange a Brown Leghorn hen or pullet, standard, for one year's subscription to this journal. F. G. PATTERSON, Portland, Me., will exchange Silver hunting- case watch, nearly new (cost $23) — for standard Black and Blue Fantails and G. S. Bantams. Also, new Nickel-plated Smith & Weston Revolver (cost S15)— for a pair of Pekin Ducks, Clift or Palmer stock. What other offers? GEO. F. PABI.OW, New Bedford, Mass., will exchange Buff Cochin cock, two years old, splendid bird ; Black Hamburg cock, Shedd's stock; one G. S. Sebright hen, first-class; one pair Rouen Ducks, drake imported — for Fancy Pigeons. A- li. BANKS, Mount Kisco, Westchester Co., N. Y., will exchange one pair Brown Leghorn hens, or Brown or White Leghorn eggs for hatching— for Fancy Pigeons. My stock is good, and I want good birds in exchange. TV, G. BAKER, Norwalk, Ohio, will exchange one pair Ferrets, one pair of large Grey Horned Owls, one pair of Blue Bohemian Pouters — for Canaries, Pigeons, or Type. Make me an offer. HERMAN F. WONSON, East Gloucester, Mass., ■ Aylesbury duok eggs for Fancy pigeons. F. H. SCHWARTZ, Bernville, Pa., will exchange one extra fine, large, tame Black Squirrel, in a large size Osborn cage, costing about $10 — for Pouters. What other offers? O. B. FOUEKS, Town Point, Cecil Co., Md., will exchange a first premium Aylesbury drake, perfect colored bill and feet, also one pair of Rouen Ducks — for White Guineas. C. M., CARE OF A. W. E., 2230 North Fourth St., Philadel- phia, Pa., will exchange a $17.00 violin, for eleven good, common laying hens and one cock. J. S. MOORE, 60 Jewett St„ Providence, R. L, has for exchange Black and White, and Fawn and White Angora Rabbits, two months and five months old — for Lop-eared or Dutch Rabbits. . J. S. MOORE, 60 Jewett St., Providence, R. I., has for exchange two fine pairs of Himalayan Rabbits— for Lop-eared or Silver Greys. J. S. MOORE, GO Jewett St., Providence, R. L, has for exchange one fine pair Black and White Angora Rabbits, two years old, good breeders — for Lop-eared Rabbits. nge one pair JOHN F. HOUSER, Tamaqua, Pa^ has for exch;.^e,v. ^^^ jt,^.. Golden or Silver Sebright, and one pair Golden or Yellow Duckwing Bantams; one Yellow D. W. G. Bantam cock; one Silver D. W. G. Ban- tam cockerel ; one 1st premium Aylesbury Drake ; one pair of old Dutch Rabbits, two pairs young, one pair Himalayan Rabbits (breeders), three pairs young, one pair White Angoras (breeders), and fancy pigeons— for Light or Dark Brahmas, Partridge or Buff Cochins. W^HT ED. Under this Head any Single Want will be Placed, if not over Forty Words. 25 cts. must be Remitted for each and every Want, WANTED. — Live Peacocks — male birds— three years old or over, address, stating lowest cash price for birds, boxed, ready for shipment by express, C. 0. D., to New York, LIVE PEACOCK, P. 0. Box 672, New York. C. R. GIEBERT, Millersburg, Pa., wants two Golden Poland hena. Must be first-class fowls. State price. JOHN H. BISHOP, North Attleboro, Mass. Box 368, wants a pure Dominique Leghorn cock or cockerel. Please give a description of your stock. W. H. BRACKETT, BOSTON, MASS. Breeds for pleasure and profit. Aud offers for sale at prices varying with quality of specimens. PIGEONS AND RABBITS OF MANY VARIETIES. Partridge Cochins of his well-known prize-winning strain. Black Rose-Comb, and Golden Sebright Bantams from iirst-prize stock, and Guinea Pigs, some of which are white. Write for what you want, and address Care of WASHINGTON NATIONAL BANK, Boston, Mass. ENOEISH HIOH-FETING T CM BEERS. —Joseph Gavin has for disposal thirty pairs of young High-flying Tumblers, all ready for immediate training. These birds are bred from one of the best and largest flocks ever imported into this country, and are worthy the atten- tion of all parties interested in this noted pigeon. Also, several pairs fit for the show-pen, aud bred from same stock as Boston winners, 1875. Apply 14 Clark Street, Cambridgeport, Mass. EOGS FROM PRIZE POFETRT.— Mr. C. W. Chamberlain, Arlington, Mass., has eggs to dispose of, at §3 per dozen, from his cele- brated stock of Dark Brahmas, White-face Black Spanish, and Silver- laced Sebright Bantams. Mr. C. has won with these varieties alone upwards of fifty prizes at Buffalo, Boston, Bristol, Hartford, Portland, Providence, Worcester. He also has a choice collection of Trumpeters, Swallow and Priest Pigeons, with which he won 38 prizes at Hartford, Portland, Boston and Providence. djr |n fljnn per day. Agents wanted. All classes of working people of ipj lU iPoU both sexes, young and old, make more money at work for us, in their own localities, during their spare moments, or all the time, than at anything else. We offer employment that will pay handsomely for every hour's work. Full particulars, terms, etc., sent free. Send us your address at once. Don't delay. Now is the time. Don't look for work or business elsewhere, until you have learned what we offer. G. Stinson & Co., Portland, Maine. FOR SAEE. PEA- COMB LIGHT BRAHMAS One pen of my breeding stock, consisting of one coclcerel and six pul- lets, hatch of 1S74. Price for the lot, S32. I have from seventy-five to one hundred iine chicks, from the above, and my two other strains for the fall trade, all verv uniform. Address EZEA B. DIBBLE," New Haven, Conn. A GKAIWD SliAUGHTEB Joseph H. Kraft offers to sell seven of hia celebrated Game hens aud a No. 1 Game cock, weighs 4^ lbs. : or a Stag, 1874 hatch, weighs 5)4 lbs.-; the eight chickens for S25. His chickens are well known, and are noted for their fast flying and excel- lent good cutting by the majority of pitters of the United States. Write for description, or order at once, as satisfaction is guaranteed. Address JOS. H. KEAFT, P. 0. Box 428, New Albany, Ind. WRIGHT'S PRACTICAL POULTRY KEEPER. THE BEST BOOK ON THIS SUBJECT FOE THE MONEY EVER PUBLISHED. Price, $2.00, free by mail. Address FANCIEES' JOUENAL, Philadelphia, Pa. GENUINE MOCKING-BIRD FOOD. The same food as sold by nearly all the Philadelphia dealers during the past ten years. Made fresh every week. Price, S3 per dozen. M. HOPHNEE, 311 Columbia Avenue, Philada. fa:n'ciebs' joubj^al IS THE BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM IN THE COUNTEY FOR THE PEICE. SEND ALONG YOUR ADVERTISEMENT AND HELP TO SUSTAIN A WEEKLY! THAT WILL CAREFULLY GUAED THE INTEEEST OF THE HONEST FANCIER. SUBSCRIBE AND ADVERTISE 1 NOW IS THE TIME. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTBY EXCHAJSTGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 24, 1875. No. 26. THE FLOWER MAEKET. About tliroo yours ago snvcral flower gardeners applied to the Department of Public Parks for permission to use the sidewalks and gutters bordering upon the open square opposite Clinton Market, for the exposure and sale of their products. The permission was granted. The market was placed in charge of the Superintendent of Markets, and a fee was imposed upon each tradesman taking his stand along the square in the morning. At first the number of dealers was small, but it bas increased each year, until now it has become so groat as to merit some attention, and is also be- coming a source of revenue to the city. The flower merchants are very early risers, each man being in his position by 3 a.m. The season is now at its height, and on Saturday morning, May 22d, at 3 o'clock, there were more than a hundred wagons in line on the market place, and the dealers and their assistants, numbering several hundreds, were busily arranging their pots and baskets to the best advantage, while there were a, crowd of men, women and children present as purchasers. The air was laden with the mingled perfume of many flowers, and as the light grew stronger a pretty and animated scene was discovered. Along the outer edge of the walk stood the taller plants, standard roses, towering ivy vines trained upon trellises, and lilies bending with blossoms. Then there were helio- tropes of huge size, and lesser roses, thrifty and strong. In- side of this line were baskets of verbenas in variety, and ivies, pansies, dwarf roses, coleuses and innumerable border plants, forming a parterre of pleasing appearance. By four o'clock there had been a perceptible reduction of the stock in the hands of the dealers, much of which had boon trans- ferred to early buyers, and women were trudging oft' with loaded baskets on their heads or hanging upon their arms. The prices are so low as to astonish purchasers at the flower stands and conservatories. Heliotropes of three feet in height, with tree-like trunks and heads full of rich blos- soms, which dealers assured inquirers would blossom all through the season, were sold at fifty cents each. Moss roses, of healthy appearance, and with the promise of early bloom, were sold for from seventy-five cents to a dollar and a quarter. Baskets of verbenas, containing a groat variety of colors, were sold for fifty cents and a dollar, some of them being more densely packed and richer in variety than others. Small baskets of coleus, containing a lart'C variety of plants, were sold at seventy-five cents, and closer bargainers would get lower prices. Fine white lilies, stand- ing high and strong in their pots, were sold for fifty cents each. Ivy vines, full of lusty shoots, prettily twined "upon rustic trames, were sold readily at half a dozen for a dollar ' -\. few ol the choicer roses and smaller plants, of which there was a scarcity, brought higher prices. Baskets of assorted Howers containing verbenas, a colous or two, heliotrope and a few ornamental shrubs, wore sold at fifty cents _ V J . Evening Post. ' •■■ ^ ■ DISCIPLINE OF CHILDREN. A CHILD'S feelings are as sensitive as a man's, and his power of self-defence far weaker. He will gradually le»rn of himself to correct his own impoliteness, but the interfer- ence of a foreign hand may inflict a life-long wound. It is a mistake to suppose that every person is under bonds im- mediately to correct every fault in every child he sees. Many faults he will amend of his own accord, out of pride and lovo and self-respect. Leave him alone. There is no surer way to build up a child's self-respect than to pay him your own ; there is no better way to teach him good manners than to practice good manners toward him. A great deal is said of the necessity of breaking a child's will. Why need a child's will be broken? He will have use for it all. The difl'ercnce between strength of will and weakness of will is often the diflPerence between efficiency and ineflSciency. Train a child to self-control, so that his will may be his strong point, but do not break his will. We read heartrending accounts of prolonged struggles between a baby and its father, resulting, 'after hours and sometimes days of mutual agony, in parental victory — of course ? While essential obedience should be secured, wide margin should be granted for the nourishment and expansion of a child's own individuality, for his peculiar mental action, and for the cultivation and gratification of his tastes. This may lapse into weak and vicious indulgence, but even this is no worse than arrogant and tyrannical exercise of power, which takes no cognizance of a child's separate selfhood, but alike in great things and in small, makes itself first and exacts from the child only prompt and perfect submission. The wise parent is as far removed from the one extreme as from the other. Neither license nor slavery, but liberty is as good for the child as for the parent. — Public Ledger. HOW TO SECURE INDEPENDENCE. To secure independence, the practice of simple economy is all that is nacessary. Economy neither requires superior courage or eminent virtues ; it is satisfied with ordinary energy, and the capacity of average minds. Economy, at bottom, is but the spirit of order applied to the administra- tion of domestic aflairs: it means management, regularity, prudence, and the avoidance of waste. The spirit of econo- my was expressed by our Divine Master in these words, " Gather up the fragments that remain, so that nothing may be lost." His omnipotence did not disdain the small things of life ; and even while revealing His infinite power to the multitude. He taught the pregnant lesson of carefulness of which all stand so much in need. Economy also means the power of resisting present grati- fication for the purpose of securing a future good ; and in this light it represents the ascendency of reason over animal instincts. It is altogether diflFerent from penuriousuess ; for it is economy that can always best afford to bo generous. 390 PANCIBRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. It does not make money an idol, but regards it as a useful agent. As Dean Swift observes, " We must carry money in the head, not in the heart." Economy may be styled the daughter of Prudence, the sister of Temperance, and the mother of Liberty. It is eminently conservative of charac- ter, of domestic happiness, and social well-being. It allays irritation, and produces content. It makes men lovers of public order and security. It deprives the agitator of his stock in trade, by removing suffering, and renders bis ap- peals to class-hatred completely innocuous. When workmen by their industry and frugality have secured their own in- dependence, they will cease to regard the sight of others' well-being in the light of a wrong inflicted on themselves ; and it will no longer be possible to make political capital out of their imaginary woes. — London Qiiarterly Review. PodLyf^Y DEpy^F^jjviEfJj. THE GAME COCK. See that bonny brave bird, well known as the Graj', Ever ready for battle by night or by day. From him and a Black-red a Duckwing had sprung. Of him and a Black-red the ancients have sung. Pray, what is a Black-red ? permit me to ask. Find his true shade of color, that's really a task ; View all their shades — ain't they lovely and grand ? Yes, the Gray and Black-reds are the pride of the land — Have prominent eyes to detect the wild hawk, A neat, upright carriage, with bold, active walk, Feet broad and thin, with a fine spreading toe ; A wide, curly breast as black as a sloe ; A red, taper face, with head like a snake ; An arched, slender neck, to look wide-awake ; liOng, powerful wings, a perfect flat back ; And his close, glossj' plumage no feathers must lack ; A beautiful red or brilliant maroon Of various shades, eclipsing the moon ; His deaf ears and wattles are rounded on edge, "With sleeky throat-feathers as firm as a wedge ; Has a bar on the wing, like the color of steel ; On his fine scaly shank a neat-fitting heel ; Thighs firm, round and stout, not too high in the shank, Well up in the shoulder, as strong as a crank ; With close-fitting feathers of velvety hue — A Tartar for either the red, white or blue ; An old stalwart father, a neat standard bird — Got the Brown-red and Duckwing. I'll give you my word. Aye I Tender he stands, that game bird, the Duckwing, With that beautiful plumage surpassing a king ; Tou see how majestic he struts on the grass — How he crows and salutes the young pullets that pass. Just scan that neck-hackle, a silvery gray, With a saddle maroon, as bright as the day. Examine that lovely watch-spring-colored bar. With white milky feather, tipped wings that can war. Sickle feathers, tail coverts, a glossy, dark green. Legs yellow, blue, willow, are readily seen. With a smart, flowing, wavy, dark-green sword tail — A match for a monarch or ship in full sail. And there struts the White from the Bay of Bengal, A terror to fly with, a beak that can maul. 'Twas he and a Black-red that brought out the Pyle, A noted good boxer, has courage and style. From Java, Sumatra, away in the East, Came that beautiful Black bird — -I think not the least — In a struggle as quick as forked lightning is he; Like a sailor, has fought and won battles at sea. From various strains the Spangles we get. And the Blue-gray that is now becoming a pet. There are other fresh strains not mentioned herein. For to mention them all we could not begin. Tea, other fine strains of blood, feathers and bill — • To trace them all up requires labor and skill. And he who would rob another man's strain Is a cowardly thief, with a worthless, bad name. Stick up for your game-birds, the pride of the ring — Of their beauty and eou:-age let fanciers sing ; And if they be game, boys, do not them misuse. For he is a scoundnel that will them abuse. Being gifted by nature with spirit to fight. They by their own choice in it take a delight. Still, make it your hobby to do unto them As you would be treated by all fellow-men. — New York Clipper. (For Fanciers' Journal.) SUNDAY IN THE BACKYARD. No. 3. We remember the story of the two urchins who, one fine Sabbath afternoon, commenced a game at marbles in the rear of our house. Some discussion arose as to whether the game was appropriate for the day, but it was finally unanimously decided that it was not "Sunday in the Backyard" and the game went on. Now we always held an opinion that those two boys must have been struck by lightning, or come to an untimely end in some way, until we read Mark Twain's "Story of the Bad Boy Jim who didn't come to Grief." But times and opinions have changed since we were a boy. There is now much experience of the old darkej', who, when he first became converted, subscribed ten dollars, then he was called Brother Jones. Business being dull the second year, he was only able to give five, then it was Mis- ter Jones. The third year, his wife and children being sick, he could give nothing, then it was Nigger Jones. As for Pete Smiley : — Pete, you seem to be as deficient in spelling as we are in early piety. As our " coops " are now in prime order, we will promise to go to church and do better, once, at least, every remaining Sunday this season, if you will attend some first-class spelling school. As for Parson F. and the Deacon, they are out of humor, probably, because the rising generation do not seem to scare worth a cent with the old-fashioned penalty for all sorts of young and old deviltry and hen lice, viz., brimstone. Try 'em (the boys), with Paris green, gentlemen, and as the egg-sellers say, " Please report the result." We remember a story of a bad FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCJIANGE. 391 buy in Uoniici'liciil, wIki whs liiuigod lor slKmliiig a crow on .Sunday. Now tlioy would inscriljoftpedigroo (for twonty-live cents, invftriably, in advance), on his (the crow's) tombstonp, dating from tlio crow wlu) took pasnago in Noali's ark. The rcioord niiglil sliow the rocont cro.w to bn the eldest, but that statement could ho chargiid to the printer. These printers arc! very careless " and all that sort of thing, you know." Wb have boon to church to day (a fact), so wo aro not as totally depraved as the Parson and Doacon imagine. We lii:lp pay our minister, and ho i.s a good man, too, and comes over occasionally (on week-days), and talks hens with us. Why shouldn't heV There is Mr. Atwood, of Big Flats, we nroglad to son him writing for the Fanciers' Journal. He not only is sound in the pulpit and in his daily life, but does not consider it beneath him to possess a hobby like other mor- tals. Wo assert it is an innocent one too. In our councils, shows, etc., are convened not only sound, reliable gentlemen, hut intelligent, well-behaved ones too. Look at our Buffalo show and contrast the assemblage of the A. P. A. with that of the red-nosed gambling fraternity who yearly congregate there. Read in the sporting papers of the visits of parties to Mr. So & So's stud farm. Tliey first all take a drink, then look at a hor.se, then another drink, then look at a mare, then another drink, and look at a colt; they soon get in so many drinks they do not know a brood mare from a mule, and in their " article " they state firstly (as near as they can remember), tlio number of drinks and circumstances under which each drink was taken, and promise to tell us about the rest of the hor.ses next week. Now although we have little fancy for that noble animal, the horse, (wish we had), wo have all due respect for those who enjoy them. But we assert, gentle- men horsemen, your fraternity is begetting a love of gam- bling, in the rising generation, that is worse than any in- fluence which is brought to bear on them. The more rcsjiectable you make your surroundings the worse it is for the boi/s. How fow there are who attend races who do not gamble, and how respectable gambling is getting to be. Then nine times out of ten your so-called races are frauds. Please make them all so as fast as possible, or be decent. We take our poultry hundreds of miles and .show them at a good deal of expense for the pride we have in them, and we harm no one in so doing. Why cannot you trot your horses in the same spirit? YouNci Brbkdkr. HENROOST ARTILLERY. A TORPKDO CnimCEN WHlrU .sUUPltlSKS TIIK HAND THAT GRA,S1'S IT. TnBRK is, says the Memphis Avalanche, great consterna- tion among a certain rather numerous class of our colored pojiulation, known as chickon-lil'ters, owing to two very mysterious accidents which occurred to members of the brotherhood last Friday night. It is a fact as well estab- lished as that the world revolves on its axis, that nicely-baked chicken-pie, in largo and frequent doses, is essential to many a darkey's happiness. If the di.shonest ones have not enough of Spinner's autographs to get the chief ingredient honestly, they first discover a densely populated henroost, provide themselves with a box of matches (liberally tipped with sulphur), and after bribing the dogs about the place with a nice piece of beef spiced with strychnine, sally forth for a raid, about the time when churchyards even grow sleepy and yawn. This trait of character is so well-defined that to present any opposition to its free exercise almost amounts to a violation of that part of the Constitution which guaran- tees protection to every man in the pursuit of happincsi. It is even said that the late lamented Sumner at one time con- templated presenting a bill in Congress, supplementary to the civil rights bill, which should make it a crime punishable with imprisonment for a man to keep a shotgun who was engaged in tho poultry business. But, alas ! he died before his mission was fulfilled, and this fair land transformed into an Eden for chicken-lifters. No city in the country boa sutl'cred more from this class of vagabonds than Memphis, but, thanks to French ingenuity, a iianacea for the growing evil has been discovered, and its name is " the torpedo chicken." This little machine is as near a chicken as human skill can nuiko it. It is covered with feathers, with perfect head, legs and wings. It is soft to the touch, and the legs and wings are flexible and can be moved and placed in po- sitions similar to those of a genuine chicken, and when .set upon a perch the deception cannot be discovered even by an expert. Like other chickens, too, if a burning match is placed near its nose it tojiples off the perch, and when it does, it falls with the weight and destructiveness of a bombshell. Inside of the automaton is placed a torpedo, which explodes if it is taken by the legs or struck with any force. Hearing of this ingenious machine, a Front-street merchant recently ordered a number of them with which to experiment. Some half dozen of them were secretly distributed Friday to per- sons who complained of annoyance from chicken-thieves, and, about the time other chickens seek their roosts, they were placed conspicuously in the henhouse, and the persons setting them retired to bed to await results. A widow lady named Mrs. P. Simmons, living in Fort Pickering, who has been much annoyed, and whose watch-dog was poisoned only a few nights since, was so anxious to know the result of the experiment that she sat up to await the coming of the visitors. About one o'clock she hoard some subdued voices outside of the fence which surrounds her house, and soon after a scrambling noise made by a person climbing over the fence. Soon there was a fluttering in the henhouse, a subdued cackle, and then a noise like tho discharge of a heavily loaded gun. An agonized shriek of pain and retreating footsteps told of the success of the machine. The lady, who before was filled with anger and thought only of vengeance on the thieves who had frc(iuently taken her chickens, was now filled with alarm and half-way regretted having used the torpedo chicken. She did not have the courage to go out doors alone, but called to a neighbor who had been aroused by the report. He accompanied her to the henhouse, where a great noise was being made by the surviving chickens. Several had been killed and some maimed by the explosion. A search was made for tho torpedo chicken, which was finally found among the wreck of poultry. The body of tho machine w^as blown to atoms; but its two logs were found intact, tightly grasped by a huge black hand, which had been lit- erally torn from tho arm. Death never held tighter to a dead nigger than did this negro's dead hand grasp those two little chicken logs. As before stated, the negro ran away as fast as it was possible in his wounded condition, and if anyone finds a negro with his hand freshly shot off, let him inform Chief Athy of the fact. Another negro was brought to grief the same night, by one of the same instruments, in the eastern suburbs. Traces of blood was discovered loading from the chicken-roost, and it is believed he will be arrested. This is indeed, a groat invention, and vastly superior to the trap-gun. Its general use will soon rid our city of the large number of chicken-thieves who infest it. The inventor, when he dies, should bo canonized. 392 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. (For Fanciers' Journal.) TO "POOR HENRY." A FEW days ago, through somebody's politeness, and for the first time, I received a single copy of a paper called The Poultry Nation. Doubtless the object of the person was to let me know of the existence of such a paper, and to give me some idea of its high moral conception, and the great and good work in which it is engaged in showing up the tricks of thetrade and inducing thepublic to believe thatalarge major- ity of the poultry fraternity were a set of cheats and frauds. I have already a suit pending against this individual for a libel, and shall therefore let the law settle his case. As for its principal editor, Mr. Todd, who in former years had pur- chased eggs and fowls of me with so much satisfaction, why he should have permitted anything to go into his paper impeaching my character for honesty is most remarkable, and I feel fully persuaded that it was an oversight on his part. Mr. Todd is too largely engaged in the business not to know that unintentional mistakes do sometimes occur, and so long as the party is willing to rectify them, he should not be too quickly condemned, and published as a cheat without a chance for an explanation. I should have felt indebted to "Poor Henry " if he had called my attention to the mistake, in my advertisement, before making such unpleasant insinuations. I admit that to such persons, who look on the wrong side of mankind more readily than the right side, that there was a shadow of truth for his pointless wit and stupid satire. In endeavoring to make my adver- tisement as compact as possible, I stated in referring to the sale of eggs, " Houdans, from my trio that won the Paris Exposition Medal," instead of saying from their progeny or descendants, not dreaming for a moment that any sane person would be led to believe that I was selling eggs from the identical trio that were exhibited at Paris, in 1867, eight years or more ago; nor do I believe that anyone, except " Poor Henry," has been misled by the error. If anyone will state that he has been as stupid as this " Poor Henry " I will purchase all his chicks at a liberal price. I keep fowls, pigeons, dogs and other animals as much for my. amusement as for family use, and only sell my surplus stock to contribute towards the expense of the keep. I do not run the thing as a business or I should have gone out of it years ago. I take great pleasure in exhibiting my fruit and animals, but seldom have the time to do so. No one takes more pleasure and interest in attending all sorts of exhibi- tions than I do. They stimulate to greater exertion in perfecting the breed of animals and the growing of fruit and vegetables, and, carried on in a generous spirit of rivalry, lead to a profitable interchange of thought and a pleasant spirit of sociability. I never heard of a fancier making a fortune in the hen trade. I always supposed it required some surplus capital to keep in the business. I do not see how I can stand in anyone's way of making a fortune in the business; nor shall I feel the least envious of " Poor Henry "should he become a millionaire at his special vocation. I hope he will not do it, however, by flinging his ink around promiscuously at the expense of other people's characters. I have noticed that those persons who are so very suspi- cious of their neighbors, are not over scrupulous in their own conduct. Isaac "Van Winkle. Gkeenville, N. J. S[=oi\TS|vi;^[j's DEp^F\7|viEflT. Stjbsceibb for the Fanciers^ Journal, the only weekly poultry and small pet paper published. WELI-BRED DOGS. We present this week an engraving from a celebrated picture painted by Mr. Bispham, of New York, and now in possession of Dr. Strachan, of the New York Kennel Club, representing three as fine specimens of the well-bred dog as can be found in this country. The sketch was taken from nature, and reflects great credit upon Mr. Bispham, whose reputation, however, as an animal painter is too well known to require further comment. The setter, Don, a lemon and white, and the liver and white pointer, George, were brought to this country by the late Sir Pred Bruce, H. B. M. Minis- ter at Washington, having been selected by him from the Duke of Beaufort's kennel. Both were very handsome, possessed of high courage, exceedingly good noses and very staunch. Don, the setter, was milk white with lemon ears, and Dr. Strachan declares him to have been the best wood- cock dog he ever shot over. He died from swallowing a greased cork, which had doubtless been thrown him, and which produced strangulation of the bowels. So highly did Dr. Strachan esteem him that he had him " set up," in a glass case at considerable expense. His progeny are now distinguishing themselves. George was a grand specimen of the pointer. In Virginia, where he was shot over, he attracted the admiration of all who saw him. He was mated with Peg, and his progeny are now in the New York Sport- ing Kennel, and in the hands of some few gentlemen who appreciate them highly. Peg, owned by Gen. Alex. S. Webb, was bred by Capt. Grafton, and is out of his black Di, by Mr. Finn's Grouse. Di out of Gilbert Wilken's black Pan by Gideon Knapp's black Carlo. Grouse out of Gov. Smith's imported Eomp, by Mr. Griffin's black Dash. This breed of pointers has been known by Mr. Pred Schuc- hardt, the present owner of Di, since 1832, and he still keeps the breed pure at the Suffolk Club, Long Island. The strain is distinguished by being jet black with a small blaze on the breast. Peg, in style and action, was as fine a bitch as could be found. Dr. Webb's Whisky, first premium at Springfield, and of whom we shall shortly publish pedigree and portrait, is out of June, from the Marquis of Westmin- ster's kennel, by Plash, own sou of the two pointers in the picture. We desire to call attentions to the excellence of the wood-cut, for which praise is due to Mr. Jacob Glahn, of the American Gun Engraving Co., West Meriden, and Mr. Tarbell of the same place, as drawer and engraver. An engraving of these dogs ornamented the cup presented by us at the Eod and Gun Bench Show, and due credit would have been given the artist and owner at that time had we not had this picture in anticipation. — Forest and Stream. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 395 I JE|VI S. Jg®" JJrittany raises very fino horses. Thoy nro ronderod docilii luid trnc'tiiblo throiigli kind usiigo. Tho |iursni|i is tho cliioffoiid of tho liiirso tlicro, and it is bulicvi;d to coiitributo materially to tho vigor and boaiity for which tho liorsos of tho country aro romarkablo. fl®"A St. Louis urchin tied a toy balloon to a little dog's tail, and after watching tho animal's antics for some time, ho camo to tho conclusion that the sciontilic theory that a body iinpellod by two forces operating at right angles to each other would lake an intornicdiatc course, was entirely false. 8®" An intorosting discovury was recently made near Konie, Italy. In digging up a garden some workmen un- earthed some torra-colta vases, which they at first supposed to contain treasure. On breaking them, however, two live toads were found clad in green velvet. This strange attire showed that they must bo at least two hundred years old, as an ancient treatise on magic and demonology mentions that, at tho beginning of thosovontecnth century, sorcerers dressed up toads in this manner for tho achievement of certain charms. B^T" Tho conductors on the avenue cars, Washington, are supplied with little steel instruments called punches, that they wear sUing to a bolt under their coats. Well, an old Senator, unaware of this improvement, got on a ear in his usual happy condition, and when the conductor ap- proached him, drawing out his punch, the old gentleman roared out, "Don't shoot, you scoundrel ; don't shoot, I am a Senator," saying which he tumbled back, falling into the lap of a fat colored woman, who rode four squares before she got breath enough to e.xclaim : " Pore do Lord, but dat Senator am hefty." 8^" One blacksmith in Boston has taken from horses foot two hundred nails which have been trodden upon and buried in the animal's hoofs, having been carelessly swept upon the street. In Chicago, all kinds of rubbish seems to And its place in the streets, including nails and pieces of glass, which aro " picked up " by horses, in many cases pro- ducing serious lameness. If those persons who pay no at- tention to such trifles could experience the frequent results of their carelessness by being obliged to tread for days with a nail or piece of glass imbedded in their feet, they would learn that even tho horse is entitled to a clear and smooth roadway. Bs^A PmLANTHRoric Cow.— Jlr. D. McCormick, of Sonora, Cal., has a little cow which will weigh about 300 pounds, but her motherly instinct is largely developed, as the following will show ; Last week Mr. McCormick had occasion to wean a pig from its mother, and it was about this time it was noticed it nursed tho cow — and they both seemed to take up with each other in tho most atfoctionate manner — the little fellow standing on his hind legs to get at his regular meals. A fow days after a litter of six pigs were weaned, and they, too, " fell in " for their " rations " — mak- ing seven that never miss a meal, although they cannot all oat at tho first table. This is recorded as being one of tho many singular things in nature.— jTHo/umHt! Independent. IJ^SiT AND Set, Lav and Lie.— Tho two words "«it" and " sot " arc too mucli mistaken for each other. When a grammar class is asked, for tho first time, if it is right to say "hens set," " court sols," one-half of them, porhupu, will voto one way and tho other half the other. Tho court means tho judge or judges ; the judge sits, the court sits, tho jury sits, hens sit, birds sit. " Setting hen " is wrong; hens aro not " setters " or pointers. Set requires an objfjctivo caso ; we set a chair, but we sit in it. Tliero is a similar difficulty in the use of "lie" and "lay." In families whose hens "set," everything "lays," and all "lay abed." Tho quoted words are wrong. Lay meansto place, and requirei an ob- jective, as tho "hen lays eggs." "Now I laj- mo." Wo should say tho book lies on tho table ; he lies abed ; lies low ; everybody lies, if you [jleaso, but nobody lays unless ho has something to lay. 8®" The C'rueltv ok Monkeys. — An amateur natural- ist, writing of tho fondness of cruelty for its own sake ob- .servablo in the human species, says : " To refer to tho striking similarity of this passion in man to that which is manifested by monkoys, is not, of course, to explain its origin ; but I lun quite sure that it is in the monkeys that this explanation is to bo sought. Every ono knows that these animals show the keenest delight in wantonly torturing others, but every ono docs not know how much trouble an average monkey will put himself to in order that ho may gratify this taste. Ono example will suffice. A friend who has lived a long time in India tells me that he has not un- frequently seen monkeys feigning death, for an hour or two at a time, for the express purpose of inducing crows and other carnivorous birds to approach within graspingdistance; and when one of the latter was caught, the delighted mon- key would put it to all kinds of agonies, of which plucking alive seemed to bo tho favorite. As I am not aware that any other animal exhibits this instinct of inflicting pain for its own sake (the case of a cat with a mouse, belonging, I think, to another category), I believe, if its origin is ever to receive a scientific explanation, it will be found in some way con- nected with monkey life." 8@~ Afraid He Miout be Dead.— Scene at the count- ing-room of a morning newspaper. ■ Enter a man of Teu- tonic tendencies, considerably tho worse for last night's spree. Teuton (to the man at tho desk) — " If you bleose, sir, I want the baper mit dis mornings. One vot hach do names of the beeblos vot kills cholera all do vile." Ue was handed a jiaper, and, after looking it over in a confused way, said : " Vill you po so good ash to read the names vot don't have do cholera any more too soon just now, and see if Carl Geinsenkoopenoffcn hash got 'em?" The clerk very obligingly read tho list, the Teutonic listen- ing with trembling attention, wiping tho perspiration from his face meanwhile, in great excitement. When the list was completed, tho name of Carl Geinscn. wasn't thero_ The Teuton's face brightened up, and he exclaimed: " You don't find em ?" Clerk — " No such name there, sir." Teuton (seizing him warmly by the hand) — " This ish nice — some funs ; that ish soms my name. I pin trunk ash never vos, and py tarn vas fraid I vos gone ted mit cholera, and didn't knows it. Mine Cot! I vos scart." 396 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i €^ ANCIERS' TJOTOML AND 33 OULTEY ^pXCHANGB, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pkof. a. N. Kattb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Norcli Uinth Street, Philadelpliia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, " IT. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add (wo centsper copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPART3IENT. THE NATIONAL POULTRY ASSOCIATION. In a recent number of the Journal, in speaking of the American Poultry Association,, we inadvertently stated that all the poultry organizations were local in their character except the American, and, as some may_be misled, we take occasion to say that this is probably true of all except the National Poultry Association ; which, as its name implies, is as general in character as the American, though the socie- ties do not in any way conflict, the functions of the Ameri- can being of a purely legislative character, such as perfect- ing the Standard and ultimately, it is hoped, furnishing well-qualified judges to other societies. The National is similar to other societies, except that its officers are dis- tributed throughout the entire country, and include repre- sentative fanciers from nearly every State in the Union. As has been already announced, the National will hold an exhibition in Chicago next winter, in connection with which the American will hold its regular annual meeting. Such an opportunity for the fanciers of the entire country to meet in friendly competition was never before presented, and the indications point to a result which will surprise everybody. CHESTNUT QBOVE STOCK FARM AND POULTRY YARDS. Mb. Thos. L. McKeen, of Easton, Pa., the enterprising proprietor of the above farm and yards, has disposed of half interest in the same, including the stock, to Mr. Wm. H. Hul- ick, and the firm will be hereafter McKeen & Hulick. We received a copy of the Easton Gazette, with a full description of farm and stock, which we had hoped to have transferred to our columns, but the description is entirely too long for us to give sufficient space at this time. We are informed that another large farm has been purchased at Quakertown, on the N. P. K. R., where Mr. Hulick expects to reside. The poultry yards on this farm will be devoted entirely to Hou- dans. GOOD WEIGHT FOR YOUNG CHICKENS. Mr. W. M. Ward, of Peabody, Mass., writes us that he weighed some Light Brahma chickens on the 14th of the present month, which were just two months old, and they weighed two and a fourth pounds each. A VETERAN FANCIER AND ARTIST. For the past four years a set of Wolstenholme's "match- less " pigeon portraits have graced the walls of our office, and have been admired by many fanciers who have visited us while in this city. Some of these engravings have not yet been excelled, and the defects in others would, no doubt, be remedied were Mr. Wolstenholme now to redraw them. We do not wonder that the eccentric " Eaton " pronounced them "matchless," drawn as they were over twenty years ago, when the fancy was truly in its infancy. Mr. Wolsten- holme, like Mr. Moore, was the pioneer in his specialty. Mr. J. C. Lyell has our thanks for placing the following on record in the columns of the Journal of Horticulture : " Twenty-three years ago, or in 1852, Mr. Eaton pub- lished a set of six matchless engraved, colored portraits, life- size, by Wolstenholme, viz. : The Almond, Black Mottle, Eed Baldhead, Yellow Beard Tumblers, Black Carrier, and Blue-pied English Pouter, and in 1860 he brought out an additional set of six Toy pigeons, viz. : The Barb, Trumpe- ter, Turbit, Owl, Fantail, and Jacobin, which were also by Mr. Wolstenholme. 'As pigeons, matchless,' Eaton used to say, and certainly the Carrier has not been beaten by any other picture either before or since ; nor has the Almond of the set of six, nor the small one published first in Eaton's Almond Tumbler, in 1857. Going back still farther I find portraits of bull dogs, and published by Dean Wolsten- holme, 6th August, 1834. I find a picture in the Eoyal Academy catalogue of 1818. It is No. 83, portrait of Beach, a favorite bull bitch, bred at Abergavenny, the property of a gentleman, by Dean Wolstenholme, Jr. " Mr. Wolstenholme is now seventy-seven years of age, having been born at Waltham Abbey, in 1798. He is still painting, and those who, like myself, value pictures con- nected with their hobbies, in him may meet with one who is able and willing to paint portraits of pigeons or dogs. He has lately done two for me that are very first-rate indeed. His address is North Hill, Highgate." CoF^F^ESpOflDEfJCE. AMONG THE FANCIERS. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : In company with a friend, I paid a visit to the Cedar Grove Poultry Yards, having a desire to see poultry kept on a large scale. The first building that attracted our attention was a coop 79 feet long by 20 feet wide, lathed and plastered, and facing the southeast. Connected with this building is an open shed, 80 feet long by 20 feet wide, and about 12 feet high in the front. On one side of the coop there is a room, about 12 feet long, partitioned oflf and used as a nursery, where young chicks are raised without a mother. At this time they have a stove in this room, with the ther- mometer kept at 75°. One end of the shed is divided into breeding-pens 8 feet by 40 feet. The yards are devoted to White Leghorns, Houdans, and Silver-penciled Hamburgs. There is also about one hundred and fifty common hens running together on a quarter of an acre of ground. They have had as high as two hundred and fifty hens in this yard. They inform me that the hens are laying well at present, but so far, for various reasons, they have not been successful, having only about thirty-eight young chicks two weeks old. Their coops and fencing cost about $450. Eespectfully yours, Fkankfokd, Pa., May 20, 1875. JameS Liqhtfoot. LOPS, " heredite," peter simple, etc. J. M. Wade. Dear Sir : I would be pleased to inquire of your many breeders of "Lop-eared Eabbits," whether all of them, when F A N C I K K S' JOURNAL AND P O U Ij T J{ Y EXCHANGE. .'597 young, incline both oars to one ttide of tho Imad ; or, wliotlior thoy aoniotimes como out nnd droop oqunlly from tho very beginning? I would also bo gliid to know whether there is a mode by which a novice may he enabled to decide upon tho SOX, dolinitoly, while only four or five weeks old? Again, I have heard of animals that have an carago of twenty-two inches, and oven more than this in some instances. Aro there any such anywhere? What is the usual length of ear ? Now for " Ueredito in fowls," why not in the human ? Since reading tho letter of our worthy Dr. B., 1 have been terribly puzzled to know whether my two children have not, each one of them, a leaden bullet in the left shoulder, about three-fouths (:j) of an inch below tho clavicle? If not this, surely they both must necessarily bo bH7id in tho le/i eye? What no.Kt? Why let me give you tho story of an old and reliable gentlemen, about keeping eggs. " Put them in a basket, sot tho latter on tho cellar floor, and tho eggs will hatch if throe months old, the temperature in tho collar being more even than up stairs ; besides that, the air is not so dry, consequently, the air in the eggs is not so mucli exhausted." Peter Simple cumo again; I, for one, would like to seo tho Journal half-lilled with your most sensible nonsense. Teacher. Hamilton Square, JIerceu County, N. J., June 12, 1873. AMERICAN POULTRY ASSOCIATION. To the several Poultry Associatitms o/ America, and to Individual Fanciers: The Executive Committee of the American Poultry Association will hold a meeting during tho month of the ensuing August, and will doubtless take stops to put into practical operation tho plan which was adopted at the recent Convention of tho American Poultry Association, oi appoint- ing qualified persons to act as judges of the diflferent varieties of domestic fowls that are now recognized in the American Standard of Excellence. As this is a question of genuine interest to breeders and fanciers, the Executive Committee particularly desire the hearty co-operation of all poultry societies, as well as of individual fanciers throughout the Continent, and especially invito all organized societies to call special meetings with- out delay, to take prompt action in the selection of such persons as thoy may confidently believe to be fully compe- tent to act as Judges of the several varieties of fowls that may be submitted to their judgment, and to forward such names at once to Mr. E. S. Knlph, Secretary of the Ameri- can Poultry Association, Bufl'alo, N. Y., after learning that parties, so chosen, are willing to accept tho responsibilities of such proferment. It is proper to add that the A. P. A. will feel constrained, through a sense of deference and responsibility to breeders and fanciers, to act with groat caution in the matter of ap- pointing judges, so as to avoid mistakes that might prove fatal to tho system which thov are solicitous to see success- fuUj' inaugurated; and they bolievo they will be sustained in critically scrutinizing tho merits of all nominations for judgeships before deciding upon their acceptance. One of tho prerequisites that will bo particularly insisted upon, will bo that Judges must put aside all personal preju- dices and considerations, and render their decisions in compli- ance with the impartial demands of the American Siandai-d of Excellence. And it will be doomed essential also that any person applying to the Executive Committee for the position of a judgeship, and who may not be personally known to the said Committeo to possess tho necessary qualifications, shall have liis nurits .>^o well auth<'uti'nted, by accoptablo rocommondation.s, as to satisfy the Committee that tho appli- cant is worthy of tho place which ho aspires to All. Blank applications will be forwarded to such persons as may desire to become judges on application to Mr. E. 8. Ilalph, Secretary of tho American Poultry Association, Buf- falo, N. Y. CuABLKs A. Sweet, Bui'KALO, N. Y., Juno I'J, 1876. President, A. P. A. SjW^LL PeJ DEf/i^F^Jf<1EfJj AND YOUNO FOLK'S CORNER. THE BLUEBIRD. When ice is thawed and snow is gone, And racy sweetness floods the trees — When snowbirds from the hedge have flown And on the hive-porch swarm the bees — Drifting down the first warm wind Thatthrills the earliest days of spring, Tho bluebird seeks our maple groves. And charms them into tasseling. He sits among tho delicate sprays. With mists of splendor around him drawn, And through the spring's prophetic veil Sees summer's rich fulfilment dawn ; He sings, and his is Nature's voice — A gush of melody sincere From that great font of harmony That thaws and runs when spring is here. Short is his song, but strangely sweet To ears aweary of the low, Dull tramp of winter's sullen feet. Sandaled in ice and mufted in snow ; Short is his song, but through it runs A hint of dithyrambs yet to bo — A sweet suggestiveness that has The influence of prophecy. Prom childhood I have nursed a faith In bluebirds' songs and winds of spring; They tell me, after frost and death, There comes a time of blossoming ; And after snow and cutting sleet The cold, stern mood of Nature yields To tender warmth, when bare pink feet Of children press her greening fields. Sing strong and clear, 0 bluebird dear! While all the land with splendor fills, While maples gladden in the vales. And plum trees blossom on the hills ; Float down the wind on shining wings, And do thy will by grove and stream, AVhile through my life spring's freshness runs Like music through a poet's dream. — Oei-mantown Telegraph. FISH AND FISHING. ANQLIN'Q AS A PASTIME. No. 1. Before tho angling season fairly opens, perhaps, it would not be out of place to give the younger readers a few hints upon fishing. I do not intend treating the subject cihius- tively or scientifically, but to make only a few remarks which may bo of service to tho uninitiated and help them while away tho hottest of the hot summer hours. '• What is more pleas- ant than reclining under the shade of a sloping willow, watching tho gaily-painted cork as it slowly floats down the sluggish stream." In a manner similar to the above begin many of our works on angling. But I persist that is not 398 PANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. the proper way to fish. That brings it to the level of child's play. If my young friends hope ever to become successful fishermen they cannot lie half-dozing under a tree and allow the fish to nibble the bait away unheeded. It may exhibit Idndness towards the fish but it is very poor sport. You must stand erect with rod properly poised, and hook the first nibbler that meddles with your bait. The home of the fisherman is the noisy, chattering trout-stream of the mountains, with the trees entwining their green arches over it, the banks guarded by rocks sharp and cruel ; where your lazy fisherman is compelled to keep, at least, half awake for fear of stepping on the slimy monster whose vibrating tail rattles out the revolutionary motto, "Don't tread on me." Leaning against a gray rock with " fly " cast in one of those deep holes— the lurking place of the biggest trout— bored out by the stream leaping over the falls ; this is my ideal of fishing. We constantly hear that angling has been reduced to a science, and reducing anything to a science is to iccomplish your object with as little exertion and trouble as possible, to lay lazily in the stern of a boat with a man to row and drag a painted spoon, and a hook concealed by a few gaudy feathers, across a lake, catching the noble bass and the plucky pickerel by hundreds. Ugh! can such cruel and skill-lacking sport be called angling ? Yet this is fishing reduced to a science. TRAPPING SMALL BIRDS. An excellent device for attracting small birds to a limed twig, is a bat or an owl, the latter being the better. All small birds have a great aversion for bats and owls, and whenever one makes his appearance by daylight, it is fol- lowed by all the small birds in the vicinity. If the bat or owl be alive, so much the better, but alive or dead it should be fastened to the top of a pole or sapling, a short distance from the lime twigs, and the birds collecting around it, some of them will alight on the prepared twigs. P. L. THE NEST AND EGGS OF THE THISTLE-BIRD. The yellow-bird [Chrysomitris tristis) is exceedingly abundant throughout New Jersey during eight months of the year, and not at all rare during the winter, when it is seen mostly in loose flocks. For several years I have been perfectly familiar with its manner of nesting, and the ap- pearance of the eggs, etc., and I can give my testimony to the correctness of the statements of Wilson, who says these birds cover the nest " on the outside with pieces of lichen, which they find on the trees and fences." In looking over the first volume of the American Naturalist, p. 115, 1 noticed a statement, made by Dr. T. M. Brewer, that he "never saw one that was ever covered on the outside with lichen ; " and, in " North American Birds," vol. i., p. 474, he describes a nest from Wisconsin as typical, which, on the exterior, was solely "fine vegetable fibres." Here, in New Jersey, and it was from New Jersey nests (or Pennsylvania) that Wil- son took his description, the nests are invariably lichen- covered. I believe I am justified in using so positive a term. I know that here, also, two broods are raised. So much for the nests. I have seen many sets of eggs, probably 200, vifithin ten years, and I know that splotches of yellowish-brown, and occasionally purple, are common on the larger end of the egg; not the rule, perhaps, but common, i.e., perhaps thirty per cent, of the eggs laid.— Charles C. Abbott, M.D., in Popular Science Monthly. BIRDS AND SQUIRRELS IN RUSSIA. There are certain birds that are held by the Russians in great veneration, among them are the pigeons and the storks. Few will shoot the pigeons, and still fewer will eat them. The stork, however, is held in greater esteem by the peasants ; perhaps this in return for the service it does in destroying the snakes and other reptiles of the neighborhood. The houses of the peasants present no architectural ingenuity, being merely plastered up with mud, thereof beingfrequently covered in a similar manner. Sometimes, however, it is thatched. Well, the stork on his return from his winter visit to some more congenial clime, alights on one of his long legs on the ridge of one of these low houses, and is the harbinger of good luck to the inhabitants. There on the ridge of the roof it builds its nest. The bird remains in its first chosen place through the whole season without any molestation, no one venturing to touch an egg or otherwise disturb its sanctuary. When it chooses, as is frequentlj' the case, some solitarj' shepherd's dwelling, standing on one of its long, slender legs, with its head, beak and body so atten- uated as though each particle of its body tried to get as far removed from the other as possible, and thus perched on a solitary hut, without any vestige of ornament, in an open steppe almost as flat as a dead calm sea, it may well be taken as a fitting emblem of solitude. There is one other little creature, Mr. Editor, that I will refer to before closing my letter to you this week. This creature is the more interesting, as it is said to have been a curious little present, brought over by some one years ago from our own country, I mean the ground squirrel. These little animals propagate so rapidly, and in a dry season get such complete possession of the steppe as to almost dispute the right of proprietorship with the holder of the title deed. Riding along the highway of a sunny daj', we see them frisking about, and at the least indication of danger starting oft' to their burrows with lightning rapidity. Then putting their heads again above the surface, cautiously elevating themselves, and then standing on their hind legs to command the most extensive view possible, they give a shrill cry to their comrades saying the danger is past, and out they come again to frolic as before. They increase very rapidly, in this respect, we think, comparing well with the rat or the rabbit. But they also have their days of bereavement to chronicle in their history, for sometimes in a wet season they are carried ofi' by the hundreds and thousands. You will scarcely credit me when I tell you that four years ago, the proprietor of the estate where I was staying anticipated a dry season, and a great increase of these Avaraskie, as they call them, oft'ered the peasants two copecks, about a cent and a half, for every skin they should bring, only limiting them to a certain area near the wheat quarters. Soon all the water casks and buckets were in demand, and in about a a fortnight 20,000 skins had been counted up and paid for. The price given was now reduced one half, but still they were brought in night after night, and at about the end of three weeks, the number had exceeded 35,000. These were all captured by pouring water into their burrows, and that too within a comparatively small area of one man's estate ; and according to their account the whole was the progeny of a single pair brought over from these prolific States of America. Moral : despise not the day of small things. — Forest and Stream. Solid-colored guinea pigs are becoming valuable ; bree- ders should give them more attention. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANCJE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JULY 1, 1875. No. 26. generous devotion. Given these, and it will grow and bear rich and abundnnt fruit tliat shall bless and comfort all par- ttikors. If wo would Imvu a friend, we muet be one. We must expect less and i^raiit more. We must cease the un- worthy, sentimental and selfish pining for affection and sym- pathy that weakens our powers and embitters our happiness. Wo must banish the jealous, exacting spirit that demands compound interest for every investment. We must, in fact, put aside our private longings and our petty discontents, satisfied that whatever of friendship's pleasures we deserve will surely como to us, and resolve that we will not covet more. Emerson says, " The condition which high friend- ship demands is ability to do without it, and truly the warm and affectionate nature that so conquers selfishness as to check its own cravings and withdraw all demands, has ful- filled the first requirement of a real friend." Let us then change the question we so frequently ask ourselves, ^' Have I a true friend?" to the more pertinent and self-searching one, " Am I a true friend?" — am I loyal and faithful to those who trust me — generous and sympa- thetic to those who need me — loving and tender to those who lean on nic ? — does my heart bound to the work of rejoicing others, and shrink from paining them? Whoever can truly answer those in the affirmative will never be found friend- less, for he, in all humility and meekness, without demands or oven expectations, will have won over to himself the choicest blessings that friendship has to offer. — Public Ledger. LARGEST FARM IN THE WORLD. This is rather a large claim to make, even in this country, where real estate lies around in parcels of considerable size, but according to the St. Louis Republican, it raay^ be fairly applied to the estate of Mr. George Grant, founder of the Victoria colony, in Kansas. His farm embraces the entire county of Ellis, is larger than any dukedom of Europe, and contains 576,900 acres. Mr. Grant devotes himself princi- pally to stock raising, and has accomplished a great deal by the introduction of the best blooded stock and exhibiting the best methods of rearing, feeding, and improving the foreign and domestic breeds of horses, cattle, and sheep. He has just wintered 7000 sheep, with a loss of less than one per cent., the secret of his success lying in providing good shelter. He is the owner of the thoroughbred stallion Flod- den, valued at $25,000, the father of which won the Derby sensitiveness which is thought to betoken a delicate nature race in 1860. He has just purchased for his farm thirty odd is but a refinement of egotism, lie who is most susceptible i brood mares in Ohio, Virginia, and Kentucky, and he has to his own pain is often most callous to that of others ; and $250,000 invested in stock. Among the large number Of resi- ho who feels keenly every real or fancied slight is frequently j dent colonist* and stock-raisers who have purchased land of the most careless about inflicting them. Uim, and are now raising stock in Victoria Colony, are many Pure friendship can never thrive in such an atmosphere. 1 young men of prominence, both in this country and Eng- II can take root only in the soil of unselfishness. It needs land. The Hon. W.iltir Maxwell, younger son of Lord tl>o clear bracing air of sincerity, candor and truth ; the i Uerries, of Everingham Park, Yorkshire, England, owns warm sun of true affection, the tender culturing hand of [ two sections, and is comfortably settled down to the health- FRIENDSHIP.' Ckktaini.y our most precious possessions aro those which cannot bo bought or sold, cannot bo manufactured to order, and cannot be called into existeneo, or dismissed from it, by any flat of our will. Prominently among these unpurchas- alile blessings stands that rare but inestimable one of true friendship. There is an instinctive love of companionship, which wo share with all living creatures; there is a social intercourse which cheers and enlivens daily life; there is a spirit of kindness and good-will that helps us over many hard places and awakens grateful sentiments ; there aro nu- merous ties formed for mutual benefit or entertainment; there aro relations of life which involve the closest intimacy ol personal contact; but none of these, nor all united, are of themselves sufficient to produce a single real friend. A subtler and a finer element enters into this bond — that of congeniality. By this wo do not mean similarity. It is not needed that friends should resemble each other. Age, occu- pation, talents, disposition, character, may all bo different, and yet the truest friendshij) exist. They may all be alike, and no friendly sentiment may ever cause them to blend together. There must be a certain mutual attraction, a sympathetic drawing of heart to heart, a ready appreciation of one another's inner life, a respectful affection that de- lights to discover beauties and excellencies in its object, if we would have friendship in its highest sense. Perhaps we need not wonder that it is so rare a boon, when we realize how rich and delicate are the elements which combine to form it and how seldom the conditions of our busy lives permit them to have full and unrestrained operation. Yet friendship is possible to all of us. Our vi^ry yearning for it proves this, and also suggests the way to cherish it. Most of us aro too selfish to admit a pure friendship into our lives. Wo long for the fruit, but are not willing to till the ground. Wo wish to receive, but forget to impart. We crave appreciation, sympathy and affection, but fail to bestow thorn. We thirst for friendship, and pity ourselves if wo have it not, yet neglect to assuage that very thirst in others by oftering them the cup of love. Wo feel wounded at neglect, coldness and indifference, yet wound others by the same weapons. We demand much and confer little. Not deliberately and intentionally do we commit this injustice. Selfishness is an insidious foe, loving dark places and hiding itself behind many masks. Much of the 406 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. ful life of the rauchero. Then there are three bachelor sons of a Derbyshire clergyman, and the nephew of the Earl of Winchelsea, who is now on his way over from England to take up his home there. Two nephews of Mayor Guthrie, of New York City, and two young Shields, of Boston, are also among the number. PodLjF^Y DEf/VF\TIWENT- THE SELF-WILLED EOOSTER. There was once a naughty rooster. Who lived upon a farm ; And every hen predicted That he would come to harm. Every morning he was crowing Long enough before 'twas day, And disturbing every biddy Eor a half a mile away. At last a speckled pullet Reasoned with him quite severe ; But away he strutted, proudly, Nor a single word would hear. Then the biddies called a meeting. To see what could be done. "When they met out in the farmyard They numbered twenty-one. " I am loosing all my feathers ! It almost makes me weep," Said a little Cochin China, " Because of loss of sleep ! " " And I have had a headache At least a month or two," Said a noble Brahma Pootra, " Erom hearing ' Doodle doo-oo.' " " And I have had congestion," Said a little Bolton Gray ; " I wish that noisy rooster Was a thousand miles away." Then they chose a large committee To wait upon the cock. And ask him, quite politely. Not to crow till five o'clock. But the rooster was indignant When they came to him at morn. And met this Hen Committee With a great degree of scorn 1 And next morning, very early. Long before the clock stru;k two. He was rousing all the biddies With a cock-a-doodle-doo-oo ! Now it happened that a Reynard Was walking out that night, In quest of a nice supper, Clhe moon was shining bright). And he heari this cock-a-doodle As he was walking by, And saw the rooster roosting Not more than two feet high. So he just reached up and seized him By his little yellow legs. What a prize I He'll not relinquish, Though the cock entreats and begs. What a feast had baby foxes ! What a smacking when 'twas through ! What rejoicing 'mong the biddies At not. hearing doodle-doo-oo ! AtrsfT Clara, in Companion. BLACK BANTAMS. Not long ago exhibitors of Black Bantams had, gener- ally, to be content with showing their fowls in the " Any other variety " class, there seldom being any other class in which they could compete, and the consequence was. Black Bantams were neglected, and by only a few was care taken in breeding them. But now the committees of most of our poultry exhibitions, have allotted a separate class for Black Bantams, with a result most gratifying to the exhibitors and encouraging to the committees. Eowls of this variety, which only three or four years ago took prizes at our lead- ing exhibitions, would now, if in existence, very often find it difficult to obtain a place at many of the local shows. In most of our poultry books only a limited space is de- voted to the description of these fowls, which description is, in many cases, very scant, and without attempting to enter into detail ; and it is with a knowlenge of this defect in our poultry lore that I am persuaded a detailed description of Black Bantams will not be unacceptable, to some few ama- teurs at least. Black Bantams are of diminutive size, the cock never exceeding, when full grown and in good condition, more than twenty ounces at the utmost in weight, and the hen weighing about two ounces less than the cock. The plum- age of both sexes is of a very rich black throughout. The hackle of the cock is full, the feathers of the saddle and hackle being long, those of the latter fiowing well over the shoulders. The tails of both cock and hen are full and ex- panded, and are carried upright; the cock's tail is adorned with handsome well-curved sickle feathers. The comb, which is double, and fits close and straight on the top of the head, without inclining on either side, is square in front, and is very much more developed in the cock than in the hen. The comb, the top of which is covered over with small points, has a peak behind which turns slightly upwards. The wattles of the cock are rather long, broad, thin, and well rounded on the lower edge, those of the hen being very small and thin. The comb and wattles, as well as the face, are of a bright vermilion color. The head is small and round, and is carried very erect by the hen; and by the cock is carried well back towards the tail. The beak is rather short and curved, being of a dark horn color, or black, becoming rather lighter towards the point. The deaf-ear, which is one of the chief points of beauty, has a flat and even surface, without wrinkles, and is of a pure opaque white, free from any stain. The deaf-ear is a beau- tiful contrast to the rich black plumage and the bright red of the comb, wattles, and face. The carriage of both cock and hen is upright and strutting, the cock being particu larly bold and erect, with a very proud gait. The breast is round and prominent, and is carried forward by the cock. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 407 'Tlio noclt of the cook is very taper, und is griiccfully curvud woll back, so as to bring the back of his head into close iproxiinily witli his tail. Their Iorh are short and clean, and of n dark Uiadnn color, or black ; tlieir tliiK'is are also short. Many exhibitors of Black liiuUanis confino tliiiir fowls, prior to exhibiting them, in a dark and warm room, which bus the ofl'oct of incrousing the purity of whitciioss of their desif-oars, which are apt to become; tinti'd with red from too much exposure. There are many amateurs who have not siiflicieiit acKjom- iiiodation to keep the larger breeds of fowls, but who delight in ke(!ping a few Bantams, and to those I could not recom- mend a prettier variety than the Black. They are hardy, moderately good layers, and the chickens are not diflicult to rear. — Waltjsb B. Ari;ndel, in Journal oj HorlicuUure. (l'-orFiiMc'iiTS'.I.)iirnal.) TOO MANY BREEDS AT ONCE. " Do one thing at a time and do it well " is a good motto. It has occurred to mo that it would do no harm to apply it to poultry-breeding. In looking over your advertising col- umns one would be led to believe that a man's standing as a breeder doi)ondod to a great extent upon the number of va- rieties he could advertise. I have always thought that the highest excoUcnco in any department of effort depended upon concentration of one's endeavors upon a certain fixed end. If this idea bo a correct one, what is the result when a man distracts his attention and divides his efforts among six, eight, or a dozen different varieties? Can he attain the highest excellence in all? The .standard of excellence in one breed of fowls cannot be made tho standard for any other. For instance, what is excellence in a Brahma or Cochin would bo deformity in a Game or Hamburg, and the reverse. Every breeder should have a distinct ideal type of per- fection, or what would be, if it could be attained, of the stock he is breeding. How many of us have brains clear enough to conceive a dozen different types and work them out at once? Every man who has ever made a repu- tation as a breeder has confined his study to one or, at most, two breeds at a time. Buying fowls and running them is a very different thing from breeding fowls and improving them. 1 believe that very few men really know more than one breed of fowls. True, many men are good judges of different varieties and breeds when thoy are brought before them ; but this capa- city to judge does not prove their proficiency as breeders of all tho different kinds. I would object less to a man breed- ing different varieties of a class, than to breeding different classes. There is a strong family resemblance between the different varieties of tho Asiatic class, and tho same is true of tho Spanish class; but whore a man desires to attain excoUonce as a breeder in either class he should omit the other. We do not sufficiently discriminate between the breeder and the mere dealer. To he the one requires study and patience ; to bo tho other, some money and brass, and an easy conscience. Is this too sharply accentuated? If ever poultry-breeding is to become a fine-art in this country, we must confine our efforts within narrower limits. 1 confess it shakes my confidence in a man as a breeder when ho advertises a long string of spccialtits. AVhat is a specialty? As I understand the term, it should limit the breeder to a single variety. A specialty is a particularity ; a limitation to a single thing. How then can n breeder havo more than one apecitdly? Can wo not do more to improve tho poultry in this country by keeping fewer varieties and concentrating all our efforts upon improving thorn? Aside from the foolishnr-sa of keeping too many brccda, the difllculty in many cases of keeping them pure is very great. I know well-meaning men of whom I would not buy eggs, and expect them to hatch true to name. They think their fowls are pure, and never get together nor mix ; but I [iresumo many a man has bought eggs from such yards and been a little surprised at the results when his chicks were hatched. Let us advocate a reform in this business altogether. No man should have a plurality of gpecialties in breeding. Let each breeder take what he likes best, stick to it, and im- prove it until he can court competition in the show-room or anywhere else. This, I think, is tho only way to make solid improvement, and reputation that is worth having. A. M. Dickie, M.D. (For F.incicrs' Journal.) MANAGEMENT OF SITTING HENS IN HOT WEATHER. In order to obtain tht! best results in hatching chickens at this season of the year, it is advisable to follow nature as much as possible in tho construction of nests intended for sitting hens. It has transpired that the natural place for a hen to select for her nest in which to deposit her eggs (from which, after weeks of patient brooding, she brings forth her downy little ones), is upon the bare earth. By that won- derful gift called instinct she is impelled to choose a secluded spot, often beneath a brush heap, hay barrack, or some such place where the ground is always shaded, hence always moist. Where is the fancier who cannot recall instances of this kind, of hens that wore annually in tho habit of stealing their nests under tho barn, or somewhere out of tho reach of meddlesome urchins, and who rarely, if ever, failed to bring forth from a dozen to fifteen strong, healthy chicks? Then grandmother would say, "Hens alius do best when they steal their nests and sit themselves." Somehow we never could agree with the " Old Lady " on this point, but wo often had to acknowledge our defeat, when, after an ab- sence of throe weeks, a hen would come proudly marching up to the door surrounded by her numerous progeny. After many failures, we at last learned two things: first, that the hen was a "brooder." By this we mean that all hens are not suitable for breeding, and their eggs are often sterile, but a hen that is inclined to steal her nest is in a healthy breeding condition, and will court the attention of tho cock, and every egg will as a rule bo found fertile, and if they could bo found and set under another hen, would hatch just as well under favorable circumstances. The second thing that wo learned was, that the hen invariably chose a rather moist, damp, or shaded place, on the bare ground; therefore in making your nests for sitting hens at this season of the year, make thorn on the bare earth, if pos- sible; if not, fill a box of the proper dimensions two-thirds full of damp earth, make a slight depression or hollow therein, then cut a sod to fit, and set your hen upon that. I do not pretend to say that eggs cannot be hatched other- wise, but I think better results may be obtained by the above plan. W. E. Flower. SUOEMAKEBTOWS, Ti. 408 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. (For Fanciers' Journal.) HOME-MADE FOUNTAIN. Mk. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : Being a subscriber to your valuable paper, through the liberality of B. T. M. Simmons, of Oil City, I wish to state that your Journal is invaluable to me The "Exchange Column" is very interest- ing and profitable, and I am surprised that it is not more liberally patronized by the fanciers. I am quite young in the fancy (being only 17 years old), although I have had considerable ex- perience with fowls for a young man. I have had in use for some time a home- made fountain which I have found very useful. I inclose a rough sketch of it thinking that if you will engrave it others may find it useful as well as my- self. I first take an old stone bottle or jug, one of Arnold's ink bottles for in- stance, tie a cord around it in such a manner as to hold it up with the neck hanging downward (see cut), place a saucer or tin pan of some kind at the bottom, about an inch from the mouth of the bottle. Pill the bot- tle and saucer with cold water. Insert the bottle in the saucer and hang up, as in illustration, the water will run out only as the chickens lower the water in the saucer ; when it is full it prevents the air from getting into the bottle, consequently the water can only run out as wanted. EespeotfuUy yours, FiNDLAY, Ohio. Wm. M. KinnAMAN. *,''^^^->^<' THE COCK OF A SILVEK WALK. That peculiarity of climate or scenery, or whatever it may be in its natural surroundings, which makes the Pacific slope a character sui generis, appears to infiuence birds and beasts as well as men. A rooster at Virginia City is of quite as original a type as any hero of Mark Twain's sketches or Bret Harte's romances. The rooster mentioned has lately turned his attention to the study of machinery and may always be found in the amalgamating room of the Consoli- dated Virginia mill. When they were building the mill the rooster was always about and was fed and petted by the workmen, and as soon as the works were completed he took up his abode amidst the machinery. He was carried away lest he should get hurt, but returned and demonstrated his ability to take care of himself. Kecently the machinery got out of order and the rooster was carried into the engine room, but would not rest until back where the amalgamating was going on. Every morning he rouses the hands by his clarion, and marches about constantly to see that plenty of silver is coming out of the ore. The men assert that when he crows he says: "One million five hundred thousand dollars this month sure ! " The impression is that the bird brings good fortune to the mill, and he could not now be purchased at any price below a fortune. If there is such a thing as me- tempsychosis, the body of that Virginia City rooster no doubt contains the soul of some man whose love for the almighty dollar amounted to a passion. FEATHERS. What endless forms of magnificence present them- selves in the clothing of birds! The branch of the fern, the frond of the palm, the pensile boughs of the larch bending beneath the weight of snowflakes, yield the prize of delicate organization to an ostrich feather, to the tail of a peacock, or to that of the bird of paradise. Even the rainbow, which in summer spans the plain, and paints the cloud with its brilliant radiations of light, is less dazzling in its tints than the plumage of many a bird. Sometimes, at the peep of dawn in the desert, when you have perhaps been sleeping all nigh't on your prayer-carpet, if you glance along the surface of the sandhills, you may discern millions of spikes diminutive as the finest needle, and green as an emerald, spreading forth a fairy mantle to the sky. It would be difficult to imagine anything softer or more lus- trous than this evanescent robe of verdure, which fades as the dawn advances, and disappears altogether at the first touch of the sun. An Arab said it was as green as the wings of the angel Gabriel, or as a beauteous feather plucked from the breast of Abou Tob. Once upon a time far away up in Africa, we met a caravan bringing slaves, gold, ivory, odoriferous gums, and ostrich feathers towards the shores of the Mediterranean. Some of these feathers were white — not the cold white of snow, but the creamy soft white of a fair woman's skin. In Paris or New York we fancy they would have been worth their weight in gold. Each feather was in itself a picture. There was nothing in it which, when touched, produced that harsh grating sensation of the nerves caused by passing the finger along ordinary feathers. It hung in soft wavy curls, like the finest lace, on both sides of the stem, and terminated in a little fan of ringlets, that fell soothingly upon the hand, like nothing else we are acquainted with in the creation. Yet the bird on which these marvels grew is one of the most awkward ungainly splay-footed creatures that Africa, the cradle of monsters, brings forth. While on the body of its owner,atuft of these lovely feathers looks positively ludicrous, as with its long legs, long neck, little head, and body like a stuffed cushion, it scours away in droves athwart the waste. Among the treasures of the same caravan were other feathers of color so bright that they suggested the idea of having been freshly dyed by art — some vermilion, others of the brightest green, others turquoise, or lapis-lazuli, or beryl yellow, or clouded like the opal, or sparkling like the chalcedony. One bunch of mingled tints so strikingly re- sembled a nosegay, that we thought for a moment the young Arab chief who held them in his hand, was taking home some African flowers to his bride ; and so, perhaps he was, but they were fiowers that would not fade, and ma}^ still be nodding on the brow of some lovely brunette beneath the tents of Ishmael. In the far East, tiny humming-birds are eagerly sought by the ladies of the harem. In the Moluccas, the nutmeg bird with plumage in color like the fruit, is a special favorite, though its sober hues appear to the Europeans extremely poor in comparison with its gaudy neighbors. In old Hellas, a very peculiar use was made of feathers, not after the death of their owners, but while they yet flashed and fluttered with joy on the wings that bred them. Several kinds of birds having been carefully tamed, were scented with liquid odors, and during banquets let loose in spacious and splendid saloons, where flitting among the lights, they scattered sweet dews over the guests. Among the luxuries of the same country, counterpanes were made of the peacock's tail, which cast their gorgeous hues over the forms of sleeping beauty. — Waverly Magazine. PTVNCIKliS' JOURNAli AND POTJTiTRY p; X Oil A NG E. 409 (For l':uici.i«Mu„rn!,l.) "FOOLHOOD." Under the caption of " Poolhood," in a late number of tlio Poultry World, wo saw an arliolo in which the writer seems to ni'guo against the cstiiblisliment of any now breed of fowls, but chooses, rather, to follow along in the pathway made for them by former experimenters. Now, as 1 have always understood advanconiont is not made very often by following in the beaten trade, but by those who by exi)eri- mont seeing anything to be gained, make some deviation from the original lino to attain their object. Farther on the writer says, "he clamors for premiums and recognition and is too often successful." Now, is not their recognition by poultry societies suflicient guarantee of their value? If not, then these societies are certainly not what they should be. Ho seems to think the great natural law of reversion will be too much for the new breed, and gives it as the probable fate of the Plymouth Rock ; but as no breed is just what it was a dozen years ago, I do not see why the founder of a new variety should have to light against this law any harder than the breeder of any of the old named varieties, as Uoniiniqucs, Brahmas, Cochins or Leghorns. New Brkeds. PiqEOfJ DEf;vf\T|VENT- Me. Editor : I have read with pleasure Jtr. J. C. Long's communica- tion in the Journal, and muste.vpress to him (and to all the Philadelphia fanciers) my gratitude for the impartial and just way in which my bird was tossed there; but, as there are a few involuntary errors I think in said statement, I send you these few lines, with request to give it a place in your esteemed Journal. Mr. Long- says that Mr. Grist's bird had to fly against a headwind. This I think is an error, and it certainly is so in regard to the indication of the wind hero in New York. Philadelphia lays from Now York, as I understand, in a westerly direction, and as the wind was blowing straight from the south on the 12th, Mr. Grist's bird had the wind just or nearly half way, and was pretty nearly well divided for both of our birds. In regard to the state of the weather, on account of vi-hich the Philadelphia fanciers seem to attri- bute the loss of the race, Mr. Long says in his statement: " The morning here was dull and hazy, and the eastern sky obscured by thick clouds of fog." Here in New Y'ork we had a thick fog also, until about si.x o'clock in the morn- ing, but after that time it commenced to clear up gradually, when at seven o'clock the fog had cleared away. Certainly the weather was dull and dark yet, and as 1 wrote to Mr. Grist, I would not have tossed the birds, if it had not been for a prize race ; but, as I did not doubt but that my bird would have been tossed also at seven o'clock, 1 did not hesitate to let the birds go, according to the con- ditions and agreement. I would feol sorry if Mr. Grist would think that hi» bird had to fly under disadvantages, as 1 am well acquainted with Mr. Grist, and appreciate his friendship and hii good qualities as a fancier very much ; but, as I said before, 1 think the chances were pretty well balanced. I do not wish the I'hiladelphia fanciers to understand that I mean to say that my bird is a better one than Mr. Grist's, as a bird may do u distance in a short time, and take a longer time to do the same distance the second or third time. A pigeon when lot loose, particularly in cloudy weather, may take a wrong direction, and before it sees its error, may be two hours behind in time. My own bird flew from Philadi'lpliia with a strong easterly wind, on June Olh, and needed eight and a half hours to come back. I trust, Mr. Editor, as Mr. Long says, that we will often have these kind of contests; and, as the races of the New York Flying Club with the young birds take place from Princeton, which is nearly half way between our two cities, on September 11th, and from Philadelphia September 22d, I would invite any of the Philadelphia and Baltimore fan- ciers to join us in the race. The Baltimore fanciers' birds might be tossed at Philadelphia, the New Y'ork fanciers' also at Philadelphia, and the Philadelphia fanciers' at New York. Such races would certainly eclipse in number of birds and also in amusement the race we had on the 12th instant, and no doubt would bo contested by a great number of birds. All we want is friendship and union among the fanciers ofthe Homing breed of pigeons, and in this way we will have, shortly', such'fine races as will astonish and win over to our side most all of the breeders of the fancy kind of pigeons, as this kind of sport is undoubtedly the most interesting, exciting, and amusing which can be found for any one inter- ested in the pigeon fancy. Yours truly, John Van Opstal, President of the New York Flying Antwerp Club. Niiw York, June 21, 1873. P. S. — In the races of the New York Club, the birds will be examined by the direction of the New Y'ork and Phila- delphia Plying Clubs, and any bird not considered raised in 1875, will be e.xcluded from the races. All the birds par- ticipating in the race will be set free at once, according to the Belgian system. In regard to the incpiiry, why birds coming repeatedly from Jersey City, which is only a difierence in distance of about one mile from New York City, the North River only separating the two cities, I can see no good ground for it, only that the weather should happen to be unfavorable when tossed in New York, or may be also by overtraining of the birds. Too much training is as bad as not enough. In Antwerp wo never train more than twice in a week, and for distances of 100 or I'OO miles, only once, A bird is sup- posed to come back to its coop with such fidelity for \U great love for home. Now, for instance, take a young man or a young lady ; if they are sent away often from home with- out any reason, they will got tired of it, and will not return. So it is also with the pi'joons, send them away too often for training, and particularly when they have bad weather to contend with, and they will get tired of it, and will not re- turn to their coop. I will try to send you, Mr. Editor, for your next number, a translation of an elaborate and intelligent-written article on the training of pigeons as it is done in Belgium. This article appeared in the Epervier, a Belgian newspaper, de- 410 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. voted solely to the interest of the pigeon fanciers, some time ago, and I will add such explanations as I think useful and necessary, as the training of the birds to come back from the different places they are sent to is the most particular part. J. V. O. J8@" Carrier Piqeons. — The French Government in- tends to keep carrier pigeons in the various fortresses of the country, and has just obtained 400 of the best Belgian breeds, which will be lodged in the first instance at the Jardin d'Acclimation, in the Bois de Boulogne. A pigeon which was captured in a balloon during the siege of Paris, and sent by Prince Frederick Charles to his mother, has just escaped from captivity, and returned to his owner in the Boulevard Clichy, who has presented it to the Pigeonnier Militaire. SpOF^T^lVl^fj's DEp^F^J|VIEflj. (For Fanciers' Journal.) A GOOD DOG. I'M fond of that dog! Well, I ought to be, For he saved my life, And is fond of me. He knows what I'm saying- There — do you see — He comes and puts His paw on my knee ! I was took with the fever, And down so low, I made up my mind I had to go : It was on the cards, I hadn't no show ; It was — Pass in your chips. And good-by, Joe I That's just where I was — Played out, you ma}' say. For the doctor left "When my chum run away Doctors in them days Went for their pay ; I lay there alone — Not a man would stay I Only my dog. Who sat by my bed. Just where I could see him. And pat his head. He felt what I suffered, Knew what I said, And wouldn't believe I was almost dead ! Day after day, And night after night. He sat by my bedside. Always in sight ; He seemed to know That my head was light! He wouldnt lie down, And the dog was right ! I felt if he did— And I think so still — I should lose my grip — He was my will. He put out the fever. Broke up the chill — Was something to me Death could not kill ! I lead a rough life, I get and I spend. Pay what I borrow. Lose what I lend. I loved a woman — It came to an end ; Get a good dog, sir. You have a friend 1 A DOG'S CONFIDENCE. Robert Hey, prebendary of Litchfield, vicar of Belper, Derbyshire, sends the following description of the conduct of a bull terrier at Clay Cross, to the Animal World : She was rejoicing over a litter of pups, attending to them with a motherly care, caressing them and showing for them much anxiety. The owner of this interesting family, accompanied by a few friends, came to look at them. The fierceness of the mother was at once developed, and manifested by impet- uous growlings, snarls and barkings. She would evidently die in defence of her offspring. But the master said, " I can take every one of those pups away from the mother and she will not hurt me." He drew near and approached his hand towards one of the pups. The mother flew at it and seized it in her mouth. He did not attempt to withdraw it until she released it. He proceeded to lay hold of one of the pups. She seized his hand again and held it fast, but without biting it. By degrees he withdrew one of the little creatures. The same process was repeated until every pup was removed and the mother was bereft of all her offspring. She was the picture of misery. She looked up piteously in her master's face and howled with an exceeding bitter cry. The appeal could not be resisted. He replaced the little ones in their nest, and rejoiced to witness the caresses and gratification of the mother. But his surprise and that of his friends were great when he saw her take them up one by one in her mouth, and bring and lay them down at his feet. He waited to see what she meant, and was soon convinced that she wished to express her entire confidence in her mas- ter. She laid her dear ones at his feet, one by one, with the assurance that he would take care of them with affection equal to, if not greater than, her own. She then returned to her nest, now empty, lifted up her head into the air, and gave vent to several piteous cries until her little ones were once more restored to her. It is impossible to misunder- stand her impulse. She had at first misdoubted her master, but now she trusted him. She brought them of her own accord and placed them at his disposal, with full confidence in his love. ANIMAL LIFE IN TEXAS. Mr. Editor : Perhaps no State in the Union offers greater attractions to the hunter than Texas. Deer are numerous and wolves and bears are often encountered. The former are still very annoying to some of the settlements, as they are destructive to both pigs and sheep. Wildcats, wild hogs, panthers, and the American lion abound in the sparsely settled portions of the State. Foxes and rabbits are abundant. Squirrels are scarce, owing undoubtedly to the myriads of hawks that consider these little animals very dainty food. During the winter months immense flocks of water-fowl visit the lakes and bayous of the State, which seem to be alive with them. Pelicans and their eggs, together with those of geese, ducks, brant, etc., are gathered in large quan- tities on the shores of the bays and harbors. Cranes and swans have their favorite haunts in the many and secluded bogs and swamps. Hawks and buzzards are seen in every direction; the former are forked or swallow- tailed, unlike any I ever saw at the North. Among the birds new to me were a few flocks of the green paroquet. Those familiar birds, the crow, blackbird, bluejay, and several species of woodpeckers, I often see here. The kingfisher seeks his prey here in the same manner as he does in Pennsylvania ; and the kingbird is the same valorous little fellow. The martin is as social, talkative and noisy, and the swallow hunts his food in the same manner as at home. Among the most prized of the edible birds is the wild-turkey, which grows to a large size, the grouse, pheasant and par- FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 411 Iridj^o. The two latter would bi3 riiucli nioro iimiiorouH than thoy nro if it were not for the merciloss hawks. Thci'o is but a modorato vai-ioty of fish in Toxas. In Galveston Uay drum aro numerous, and are considered ex- cellent eating. In the salt water the soa-trout, mullet and sheopshoad also abound. The gar, a worthless, sharp-nosed iish, is often very annoying to anglers, as it will seize a fish a moment after it is made fast to the hook and either drag it off or bite it in two. The fresh-water ponds and streams contain a fish called trout, also porch, buffalo fish and cat- fish. Ciuantities of oysters lino Sabine, Galveston and other bays, but to my taste thoy aro not very palatable, and not nearly equal to the Cape May and Absecom " salts " sold in Philadelphia. Like in all warm regions, the sportsman here has many enemies to contend with. Mosquitoes are numerous and as annoying as those found in the Jersey swamps, except on the cleared uplands, which they never visit. Those who encamp in the woods aro worried by a species of red bug, sand fly and tick. The latter is a terrible nuisance. At night they often attack the face in such numbers that the countenance is scarcely recognizable in the morning. The most venomous creature, however, in the State, is the tarantula, which grows to a great size, measuring when ex- panded five or six inches across. It is a disgusting-looking creature, and very dangerous, but its stings are not fatal as it is frequently claimed. Snakes fortunately are not numer- ous. There are four poisonous varieties, the water-moccasin being the most common. A person may travel a whole day without seeing a single poisonous reptile. Deaths from snake-bites are of rare occurrence. — C. A. M. in Oerinan- toxon Teleffraph. I JE|\« S. J8®° The run of salmon in the Sacramento river is greater now than it has been since 18-49-50. This fish is highly prized in Eastern markets, where it brings fifty cents per pound, and shipments east are expected to be heavy for the season. J8®" Aquariums. — Tho English are building another large aquarium. Instead of being located on the sea coast where one would expect it to be, it is springing up in the very heart of London, not far from Westminister Abbey. The great central tank in tho basement is to contain 600,000 gallons of water. "What a source of interest and amusement such an institution would be in Chicago. JJl^" Pkonibs. — A correspondent sends to the Boston Transcript some Centennial peonies, whoso ancestors he says ho can trace back to June 17, 177o. At that time two estates on Bow street adjoined each other, one owned by a Nathaniel Kand and the other by a Mr. Kussell. Tlieir dwellings wore burned, and it was not until tlie next year that thoy returned to rebuild them. In their uncertainty as to the boundary line between the two estates, the two owners agreed to await thoxioming up of the peonies, which were on the boundary line. Tho thirteenth of Jlr. Ivand's fifteen children, Nancy, was married to Oliver Iloldi-n, of Charlostown, who com- posed the familiar and stirring tune of " Coronation.'' The old peony root was transferred to his garden, from which some roots wore obtained by the writer. B^'- IJuRKowiNa Owi, IN Florida. — Dr. Velio, of Chi- cago Academy of Science, ha« discovered the presence of tho Burrowing Owl in Florida, which, up to the present time, was not seen north of tho pampas. This owl bears some rosemblanne to the owl which inhabits forsaken prairie dogs' holes in California, but differs in this respect, that it is more independent and industrious. It is not like the California Owl, content to take the deserted dwellings of the dogs, but burrows out its abode according to its preconceived archi- tecture. By investigating a great number of these burrows, tho doctor succeeded in glutting an egg, as well as a pair of the birds which he shot while they were in tho act of making their abode. jg^ According to G. W. P. Custis's recollections, the grooming of Washington's white horses was something sur- prising. The night before the horses were expected to be ridden they were covered entirely over with a paste, of which whiting was the principal component part; then the animals were swathed in body clothes, and left to sleep on clean straw. In the morning the composition had become hard, was well rubbed in, and curried and brushed, which process gave to the coats a beautiful glossy and satin-like appearance. The hoofs wore- then blackened and polished, the mouths washed, teeth picked and cleaned, and the leopard-skin housings being properly adjusted, the white chargers were led out for service. 8@"An E.xciTiNfi Law Case. — Alleghany, Pa., is dis- turbed over the disputed ownership of a dog. The case has been before a magistrate, and evidence was so conflicting that tho dog was eventually introduced as a witness. The party on one side called him " Butler." Doggy wagged his tail and went for a caress. Then the party on the other side called him "Major." The title appeared to tickle him, and he repudiated the name of "Butler." Asadog, "Butler- Major" is worth about five cents. As bologna he might bring $1 or so. The whole case was so complex that it was postponed for two weeks, and half a dozen witnesses are preparing on one side to swear that the dog was born in AVestmoreland County seven years ago, while as many more on the other side are ready to swear to an "alibi." And the dog, alas I has no " strawberry mark " on his left fore- paw, whereby it can be identified. B^' Under the Microscope. — There is nothing more wonderful than the revelations of a microscope. Any one who possesses a good one and knows how to use it to the best advantage has an unending source of entertainment. Some one has noted down those among the other remarkable things that it reveals: "Insects of various kinds can be seen in the cavities of a grain of sand. Mold is a forest of beautiful trees, with the branches, leaves, bowers and fruit. Butterflies are fully feathered. Hairs are hollow tubes. The surface of our bodies is covered with scales like fish ; a single grain of sand would cover a hundred and fifty of these scales, and yet a single scale covers five hundred pores. Through these narrow openings the sweat forces itself out like water through a sieve. The mites make 500 steps a second. Each drop of stagnant water contains a world of animated being, swimming with as much liberty as whales in the sen. Each leaf has a colony of insects grazing on it, like oxen on a meadow. A speck of potato-rot, the size of a pin head, contains about two hundred ferocious little ani- I mals, biting and clawing each other savagely."' 412 FANCIBKS' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. JT ANOIERS' Jl OUENAL AND Ip OULTEY ^XCHANSE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Kaub, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Norcli Nintli Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTIOHr FRIGE— POSTAGE EREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " U. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add ttvo cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL BEPARTBIENT. Manx of those who are in arrears, for subscription and advertising, will receive bills in this number, some of which have been on our books altogether too long. A few of our patrons seem to think that it is only necessary to subscribe and advertise, apparently never thinking that it takes money to run a journal. To every one that receives a bill we can say, that we have done our duty and we expect that you will do yours, by remitting at once. LIST OF SPECIAL PREMIUMS Already donated for the great National Exhibition of poultry, pigeons, and dogs, in Chicago, January, 1876: H. H. Stoddard, publisher Poultry World, Hartford, Ct., $100 ; Geo. W. Rust, publisher National Live Stock Journal, Chicago, 5100; Prairie Farmer Company, Chicago, $50; H. N. F. Lewis, publisher Western Rural, Chicago, $50 ; Poultry Argus, Polo, 111., $50; Edward L. Lamb, Chicago, $200; S. H. Seamans, Wauwatosa, Wis., $100; Charles H. Edmonds, Melrose, Mass., $100; George P. Burn ham, Mel- rose, Mass., $50; Charles P. Willard, Chicago, $50; Con. Tiernnay. Chicago, $25; William W. Potter, Chicago, $25; Kennicott Club, Chicago, $25 ; John W. Parks, Chicago, $25 ; Samuel Sluman, Chicago, $25 ; Chas. H. Turner, St. Louis, Mo., $25; S. G. Myers, Geneva, 111., $10; H. I. Allen, Schoolcraft, Mich., $10; Dr. F. W. Byers, Lena, 111., $25; E. F. Shannon, Pittsburg, Pa., $5; E. E. Donnelly, Lake- side Printing Company, Chicago, $25 ; David Jones, Te- cumseh, Mich., $100; C. B. Elben, Pittsburg, Pa., $10; George W. Wood, Ithaca, N. Y., $10. DISSOLUTION. The firm of Holder & Hoffman, of Bloomington, 111., has been dissolved, Mr. Chas. V. Holder taking all the stock, and will continue the business as above. CoF^F^ESfOflDEfJCE. BXEOirTIVK COMMITTEE MEETING OF THE A. P. A. Chas. A. Sweet, President A. P. A., Buffalo, N. Y. Dear Sir : Deeming it for the interest of the American Poultry Association that a meeting of its Executive Com- mittee should be held, we, the undersigned, members of said Committee, do respectfully request that you call such a meeting, to be held at the Metropolitan Hotel, New York City, Wednesday, August 11, 1875, at 10 o'clock, a.m. Very truly yours, A. D. Warren, C. A. Johnson, H. T. Sperrt, Andrew J. Tuck, P. W. Hudson, Albert Noyes, P. Williams, W. H. Todd, I. K. Felch, E. C. Skinner, C. H. Crosby, E. P. Howlett, E. R. Spaulding, E. S. Onqlby. ■Worcester, Mass., May 24, 1875. The American Poultry Association, Buffalo, N. Y., June 22, 1875. To the Members of the Executive Coinmittee of the A. P. A. Gentlemen: In compliance with the above request, I do hereby call a meeting of the Executive Committee, to con- vene at the Metropolitan Hotel, in the city of New York, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, on the eleventh day of Au- gust, 1875; and I beg to request a prompt attendance of all the members of said Executive Committee. Charles A. Sweet, President A. P. A. election OF officers. At an adjourned meeting of poultry breeders, held at the Athol Musical Warerooms, Athol, Mass., Thursday evening, June 17, the meeting was called to order by F. G. Lord, Chairman. A. J. Hamilton was chosen Secretary,^™ tern. It was voted to effect a permanent organization, when the following officers were chosen for the ensuing year : President — O. Mixter, of Phillipston. Secretary — R. Wm. Waterman. Assistant Secretary — -A. J. Hamilton. Treasurer — O. J. Stockwell. Vice Presidents— F. G. Lord, Geo. W. Moore, P. F. Am- idon, Hinsdale, N. H. ; J. G. Cook, Orange; J. W. Cleve- land, New Salem ; Dr. P. Broons, Athol ; Dr. Jos. Bates, Worcester. Executive Committee — Geo. W. Woodward, Abner Smith, Elmer Bigelow, Sumner Sibley, Athol ; L. C. Oliver, Tem- pleton ; W. H. Burgess, South Gardner; J. B. Wood, Greenfield ; Abijah French, Zenas Lamb, Orange ; C. F. Richardson, H. H. Earle, Athol ; E. M. Steadman, Peter- sham ; Henry Woods, Eoyalston ; W. G. Scribner, Fitch- burg. Auditing Committee — C. F. Richardson, P. G. Lord, Sum- ner Sibley, Athol. A chicken-killing rabbit. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir: I have a curiosity in a Dutch doe that eats j'oung chickens. She catches them by the neck and sucks their blood. I have also a fawn-colored Angora doe that had nine young ones, but they have been dying off, and now she has but two loft. Respectfully yours, Chas. V. Holder. experience in hatching. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir: As a great many are telling, through your columns, their luck this season with eggs in hatching, I will give my experience. I am breeding Black-breasted Red Games and Red Pyle Games, and I am having extra good P A N C IK R S' JOURNAL AND P O U L T R Y K X C R A N G B. 413 luck, in fact, feci like brngijing a little. 1 liavo had six hons como oft' in the past two weeks which hatched seventy- four chicks. Each was set on thirteen eggs, and two of them brought off thirteen, and the other four twelve apiece. A hen hatching thin morning, that I have examined, has four chicks and eight more eggs picked. My brothers also have about the same success. And now, why is it that so many have such luck (I moan poor luck) ? I think there is a great many reasons. One is that fowls (especially breed- ing fowls), do not get exercise enough and are kept cooped up too much, which makes them weak and dumpish, and the cock does not do the service required of him. Give fowls more range and a diO'oronce will be noted. Another great reason is feud. Generally fowls are fed too much (in my opinion), and of not the proper kind of food to make eggs, especially the shell part. I will take any hen in usual health and have her laying inside of seven days, and at almost any time of the year. This spring wo imported a trio of Black-breasted Ked Games from Mr. IJoldon, England , and they wore in coop on the way about two weeks, and, the fifth day after receiving tliem, both hens commenced laying. I have just commenced taking your paper and am much pleased with it, as there is a vast amount of good reading therein for the price. Yours respectfully, WiNNECORME, .Tune IG, 1875. J. W. CroSS. WILL EGOS HATCH 7 Some folks think that you cannot, most always, sometimes tell whether they will or not. I received from P. Williams, of Taunton, Mass., on May 20th, thirteen Dark Brahma eggs, nicely packed in cork shavings, and on June 10th eight hatched. I think it was a very good hatch, considering the distance the eggs came. Thanks to Mr. Williams for fresh eggs and good packing. M. W. Miner. Wyoming, Illinois, June IG, 1875. answer to " teacher " — lops, " heredite," peter simplk, etc. Friend Wadk : In reply to your correspondent in No. 2'), over the signature of "Teacher," I would say that if his Lop-eared rabbits arc well bred — that is, if their sire and dam were full Lops — a large percentage of their progeny will be good, full Lops. Both ears will fall in the proper position without any assistance, but it often happens that one or two in each litter seems inclined to carry both ears on one side of the head. This fault can, however, be easily remedied by what most fanciers term capping. This should be done at the age of six weeks or two months, in the following manner, as described by Mr. A. M. Halstod, in Vol. I, No. 31, of Fan- ciers' Journal : " Cut from a piece of leather a strip in shape like this illustration. The places, XX, are cut so as to act like a llap, and this must bo made of such size as will fit the rabbit's head ; put the ears through from the under side, and draw the two ends under the throat and tie them. These flaps press the oar down, and after being kept on a week, usually effect a cure. The leather should be the thickness of ordinary boot leather." With regard to determining the sex of rabbits at four or five weeks of age, an (export can easily do so ; but, to describe the method on paper would ncccBsitate the use of " technical terms " that would make it about as "clear as mud." Twenty- two inches is quite common among breeders of Lops in England, where artificial heat is used, but rarely obtained in this country, the usual length being from sixteen to eighteen inches with painless measurement. Now for " Ueredite in fowls." Since reading the numer- ous squibs flrcd at Dr. iiaily, I came across the following in Wright's "Illustrated Book of Poultry:" "I will very briefly narrate a circumstance connected with the best hen I ever had (or ever saw) of this variety (White-crested Black Polish), wliicli is no less singular than instructive. She came into my possession most unexpectedly, being sent among a large quantity of other poultry from Shropshire to a Birmingham poultry dealer. I obtained her for little more than killing price. One of the toes of this hen was deficient of about half its length, on the left foot. Every appearance betokened that it had resulted from some acci- dent or other, and, as you could see and feel the apparently crushed bone at the end of the half toe, it was supposed that she must have had it trodden off, or, perchance, it might have been caught sonui time in a rat trap. "When breeding, that very season, I soon became aware that a number of the best chickens were wanting in the cor- responding toe to the before-named old hen ; and, to estab- lish conviction, or to prove the fallacy of my (then) suspi- cions, I carefully selected for separate nests the eggs I knew were laid by the fowl I had so opportunely saved from being made away with. The result was the chickens, so far as the eggs were prolific, were all minus the half toe, the same as the mother hen, from which cause this hen's chickens were readilj' selected. " My sole motive in mentioning so strange a freak of nature is to prove how strangely hereditary this evidently unusual malformation proved itself in the offspring, and as a warning to others not to breed from stock that possess any malformation whatever, as sooner or later its repro- duction may be fairly anticipated." I agree with " Teacher," and heartily join him in saying, " Peter Simple come again." W. E. Flower. SuOEMAKERTOivN, Pi., June 25, 1875. Sin\LL PeJ DEfA^F^TfylEfJj AND YOUNO FOLK'S CORNER. CHEKRIES. Under the tree the farmer said, Smiling, and shaking his wise old head: " Cherries arc ripe I but then, you know, There's the grass to cut and the corn to hoe; We can gather the cherries any day, But when the sun shines we must make our hay ; To-night, when the chores have all been done, We'll muster the boys, for fruit and fun.' Up in the troo a robin said. Perking and oockini? his saucy head : " Cherries are ripe I and so, to-day. We'll gather them while you make the hay; For we are the boys with no corn to hoe, No cows to milk, and no grass to mow.'' At night the farmer said, " Here's a trick ! Those roguish robins have had their pick." —St. Sic/iotaa. 414 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POTJLTEY EXCHANGE. THE TALE OF A CAT. As the rules governing the reproduction of peculiar traits or characteristics in the various species of animals, have of late years grown to be a subject of general interest among naturalists, permit me to submit for their consideration the following curious facts taken from the genealogical record of our family cat and her offspring. She is a pretty white and gray tabby, and as fond of the moonlight as the rest of her race. Next door resided a slate-colored Manx cat, of the Thomas persuasion and without a tail. Last summer our pussy surprised us one day by carrying from the cellar to the attic, one by one, four new-born kittens, three of them ■with tails, and one, of a beautiful glossy black, without a tail. On the principal of the " survival of the fittest," we got rid of the three first and kept the latter, naming her "Stumpy." Last Winter, Thomas, next door, died, poor fellow, and was gathered to his fathers. Meanwhile, "Stumpy" grew apace from kittenhood to cathood, and last spring occasionally ran out at night with her mother to attend the back-fence concerts and enjoy the moon. Yesterday we found her in the cellar as proud as a peacock over three little kittens about as large as good sized mice, one of them jet black all over with a tail, one of them jet black all over without a tail, and the third, both white and black, and also without a tail. — Commercial Advertiser. Paterson, N. J., June 21. THE LANCASHIRE COPPY tWi\\WVHT>^S-. This class of canary is the largest and most commanding variety known. The principal points in the Coppy are crest (for evenness and regularity), length, fullness, and stand ; and in the Plainhead, length, fullness, stand, width of skull, and shading over the eyes. Both birds have a very majestic and attractive appearance in the show-cage. Norwich fanciers have introduced a strain of this bird to obtain size and crest, afterwards breeding out the coarse feather of the Coppy. The bird is principally bred in the towns of Oldham, Rochdale, and Ashton-under-Lyne ; but as they have seldom been exhibited, except at local shows, this variety has been but little known to the All-England fanciers, only here and there when one has cropped up in the "Any Variety Class," and astonished the visitor by his great size and magnificent crest. An effort is now being made to bring these birds forward, and to get classes opened for them in all our large exhibitions. The bird is of very ancient origin, and was originally bred from the old Dutch Coppy on one side, and the large Plainhead on the other. These birds were exhibited for a number of years, and then a second strain of the Dutch was introduced. One old fancier says that by doing this the bird was spoilt, having never since attained the fullness of the Coppies of the old school. They partake much of the slothfulness of the Belgian, the hens often proving bad feeders ; but the plan generally adopted by Coppy breeders is to keep an extra set of birds — German or Norwich — and as soon as the Coppy hen has laid her full complement of eggs, they are placed under these feeding hens, and their eggs placed under the Coppy hens. In the absence of a second set, I would recommend amateurs to get good Yel- low Coppy cocks and Buff Plainhead hens, as these invaria- bly prove better feeders than the Yellow Coppy hens. Two crests should never be paired together for breeding, as they would either throw split or double-crested birds (the latter being called chignon birds, the crest at the back of the head having the appearance of a lady's chignon), but a Yellow- crested cock should be placed with a Buff Plainhead hen, and vice versa. It is thought that by introducing birds of a finer strain much of the coarseness of feather could be taken away, and still retain the fullness and crest of the Coppy. The birds should be crossed in color similar to the Norwich varieties — Buff on one side and Yellow on the other, or say a Yellow-ticked Coppy cock with a clear Buff Plainhead hen. Some breeders place two hens in the same cage with one cock, but this I think a bad policy, as they seldom agree, and it often ends in total failure. Prom what I have seen of the bird I am of opinion that by judicious crossing a magnificent variety may be produced. I may observe that some of the best birds are sold at a very high figure ; and I recently heard an enthusiastic fancier say that he would give a cow for a Yellow Coppy cock ; but this bird was per- haps the best that had been bred for a number of years, and will no doubt be heard of shortly in some of our large ex- hibitions. The following standard is proposed for judging the prop- erties of Yellow and Buff Lancashire Coppies. 1. Size of bird, 5 2. Length of bird, 4 ' 3. Good back and well filled, 3 4. Richness of color, 3 5. Best of feather, 3 6. Elegance of shape, 2 7. Condition, 1 21 If this kind of judging be carried out properly it will give very great satisfaction, not only to the exhibitor and breeder, but the public at large, it being the rule by which they were formerly judged thirty years ago. And that no mottled or imperfect bird shall be considered a show bird, and any one that has a split in its coppy not to be considered fit for com- petition. If there is another class to be called ticked birds, they, in my opinion, ought to be entered in a separate class. If these points should meet the ideas of Mr. Hovel, or any other practical gentleman, and are acted upon, they will, I think, lead to unity for classification and standards for judging, and perhaps, at some future time, I may try and define some other classes of birds. — Fanciers' Gazette. FANCTERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 415 NOTED ELEPHANTS. Incjuiky nt the oflice of llio Zuologiciil Society, No. 230 South 'J'hird street, elicited tho fact tlmt tlie Kmijress, the largest of the elejihants in the Garden at Fairmount, had almost recovered from her illness of last week. Tho tackle was removed from her body late on Saturday afternoon, and she was allowed to roam about the place at pleasure. This morning she was a great deal stronger, and was able to take much more exercise than when she was at first taken out of her winter quarters, ller keeper expects her to be entirely recovered in a few days. The Empress has always boon of a gentle disposition, and no fear has been fc^lt that she would show any of those danger- ous eccentricities which have heretofore been experienced in menageries and elsewhen^ from sick elephants who were not blessed with good tempers. She was one of Barnum's finest show animals, and when his large menagerie in New York was burned she caught her companion dog, Carlo, in her trunk, and carried him safely from the flames, evincing throughout the fearful scene almost human intelligence and presence of mind, as well as the highest type of animal sagacity. She is an invaluable feature of the park and deserves to rank with tho most celebrated elephants of the world. Among these, Tippo Saib, who died at Connorsville, Ind., of foot rot, occupied a prominent place. Princess, the great performing elephant of O'Brien's circus who tore up and went through an entire apple orchard at Pough- keepsie, N. T., from the elTects of which she died, was another Juliet, a model animal in all ways and died of lung disease in Missouri, a short while since. Stuart Craven, the tamer, killed Queen and two young elephants of great promise by harsh treatment, breaking the former's back with a crowbar. Old Hannibal, whom everybody remembers as a wonder, fell through a bridge in Maine, and died of his injuries on the 15th day of April, 1874. Two splendid performing animals, yoked together to swim from Simpson & Neall's wharf, in this city, to Kaign's Point, were drowned in the Delaware, and drifted to Gloucester, where they lay for a long time. Columbus, the most vicious animal ever handled, who broke his chains in Sansom street, above Eighth, creating a great alarm, and was captured with the greatest ditiiculty, died some years ago in Western New York. Jennie, the finest specimen ever brought to America, was shot by Hank Smith, the showman, her half owner, and her stufFod hide was lost in the fire that destroyed Barnum's old Museum, at Broadway and Ann streets. New York. Romeo, a clever beast, died some time ago in Chi- cago, of lung disease. A short time ago, Julia, who was so badly hurt in a fight with her mate, died in New York City. She was a young elephant, but large and well formed, and though by no means vicious, she was very fond of a practical joke. Her chief delight was to get loose and seize the paint bucket in her trunk, and bespatter the walls of the New York Hippodi"ome. On one occasion she got loose, and, after making the circuit of tho building, found a lot of female statutes, covered them over with sawdust, and then amused herself by tramping them under her feet. She also released the larger number of monkeys confined in tho build- ing, on one occasion, and some of them made their escape into Madison Park, but were afterwards recaptured. Julia was a valuable animal, highly trained, and it is the greater loss from the fact that there are at present few of those pon- derous beast in this country, though, from the fact that they are so often changed from one menagerie to another, people suppose them to be |ilentiful. Julia was brought hero when a calf, having been caught when a suckling. Empress is, perhaps, " the last of a noble race " of notable beasts, and it would be a matter of regret to lose her. — Eve- niny Teleijrnph. INIJIIIIUKS AIlOt'T SQUIRRELS. Jos. M. Wadk, Esq. Dear Sir : If consistent with your business engagements just drop me a line about squirrels, what you think best for food; what kind of cages you think best — wheels or not — a few hints about general management, pairing, breeding etc. I have a fine white one, a pair of young grays, nicely mated from separate nests, half-grown and very tame, a largo fox squirrel, some flying and red ones. As I make my own cages at my leisure I would like a few suggestions. Yours respectfully, • Edward. Junk 22, 187.';. [If any of our readers can answer anj' of the above questious we shall be glad to hear from them. — Ed.] B®" Kennels. — A Prince of Germany, who is a dog fan- cier, has adopted a good plan in building his kennels. In- stead of having the iron rails six or eight feet high, they are only breast high, so that one of average height can look over and upon the dogs, and on the rail there are rollers all along so that tho dogs cannot jump over; for as soon as they touch the top of the rail the roller gives with them, and not getting a firm hold with their fore feet they cannot possibly get over. J8@"NoT Murn. — The story of the absent-minded man who, meeting his own son on the street, shook hands with him, and asked him how his father was, has been equalled by the forgetfulness of a Wisconsin farmer. The man drove to town to transact some business, and was accompanied by his wife. Leaving her at a dry goods store, he proceeded to carry out his intentions. Having finished his business, he forgot all about the little circumstance of bringing his wife with him, and started home alone. Arriving there, he put his horses up and proceeded to do the chores. In tho meantime his wife had learned that her husband had loft town without her. Hiring a conveyance, she was driven home. She did not wait to take oflT her things, but seizing a press-board made her way to the back -yard. The husband had just seated himself on his milking-stool. and had just opened a conversation with the cow on the subject of " h'ist- ing," remarking frequently that it was " so boss." . He was just settling down to business, when a whistling sound, as of something rapidly cleaving the air, came from the other side of the cow. It was tho press-board, and his wife was at one end of it. An instant after it fell with crushing weight upon his knees. The cow, having conscientious scruples about standing between husband and wife, left very suddenly, and in a hurry kicked the poor man in tho imme- diate vicinity of the vest pocket. The unhappy victim of circumstances scrambled up on all fours, when the press-board again descended, striking him opposite to where the cow had left her tracks. His wife then asked him if he would ever forget her again, and his answer was plain and to the point, " Not much." 416 FAlSrCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. ADT£RTISi:9fE?rTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, wiTl be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months, 12J/^ per cent, discount. " six months 25 " " " nine months, 37?^ " *' " twelve months, 50 " " CHANGED AS OFXJBN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchangees limited to 48 words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. 4®* Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Nonpareil Measurement. Count your lines by this rule, from line to line. ExcljA^MqES. SS" Advertisements in this Column, op Five Lines, ok Foety Eight Wokds, describing and ofpbrisg for exchange only, WILL BE ALLOWED AT 35 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. ZEBEDEE HAINES, Moorestown, Burlington Co., N. J., wants to exchange Partridge Cochins for Leghorn hens or pullets. HAWlETf * HOUGH, Hornellsville, N. Y., has to exchange, one pair B. B. Beds, one pair White Leghorns, two S. S. Hamburg hens, one B. B. Red cock, one White Game Bantam cock, one pair Tumblers, one pair Magpies, all pure-bred stock— for fancy fowls, pigeons or ferrets. W. Ij. GAKMNEK, Norwalk, Ohio, will exchange a pair each of Derby Games and Dark Brahmas (Todd's stock), for Fancy pigeons Carriers, Barbs, or Colored Fans preferred. What offers ? SAnlVEIi JfEWrOJr, Box 55, Oakdale Station, Alleghany City Pa., will exchange one Jersey Bull for Buckeye Mower in good working order. Also, three White Leghorn pullets for Garden Seed Drill, and one pair White Holland Turkeys for any desirable property but live stock. A. W. liAWE, 2230 North Fourth Street, Philadelphia, wants to exchange flue white Spitzer dog, one year old, for good Canary birds, or White Guinea pigs. Also, $17 Violin and bow, for chickens, ducks, or pigeons. What other offer ? S. B. HEIGES, York, Pa., will exchange a fine White Plush Goat (male), well-broken, and Tery fine harness, for fine Dark Brahma hens, Light Brahmas, or Partridge Cochins; must be choice stock, as mine is. Himalayan rabbits or choice pigeons would also be accepted. EBEN P. DAT, Hazleton, Pa., has for exchange a beautiful Black Squirrel, very tame, Canary birds, cages, rabbits of all kinds, and fancy poultry— for anything other than live stock. Say what you have to dis- pose of. EBEN P. DAT, Hazleton, Pa,, has for exchange, a finely stuffed and mounted Osprey, or Fish Hawk, Exhibition Coops for poultry, Patent Folding Flower Stands, Aquaria, etc.— for anything but live stock. Make your offers. O. 3. BAKER, Oakville, Ontario, Canada, will exchange a pair of Partridge Cochin fowls (Bracket and Bradly strains), for a Black Cochin cock, one or two years old, well-feathered, and fit for exhibition. JAinCES McGEE, 95 Bleeker Street, New York, has about 170 num- bers of The Illustrated London News, with plain and colored illustrations, extending over 1857-8-9 and '60, only a few numbers missing of the latter three years ; they cost about S50. I will exchange for common poultry. What offers ? ISAAC S. SCHADE, Tulpenhocken P. O., Berks Co., Pa., will ex- change 30 pairs tame White Mice, Fantails, Barbs, Tumblers, Yellow, Black, and Mottled— for Pigeon Book, Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, New Standard, subscription for this Journal, Silver and Golden Spangled Hamburgs, or for eggs of the above-named, from good breeding stock. GEO. W. DlXOJf, Box 188, Worcester, Mass., will exchange Irish Gray or White Game Bantams for a (self-color) Lop-eared doe, earage 2Dx4Kwide; no other wanted. Also, Himalayan, and Lop-eared rab- bits for Black Cochins. JOHN S. MOORE, 60 Jewet Street, Providence, R. I., has for ex- change a good double-barreled Shot-gun (nearly new, cost S25), twist bar- rels, London make, for a pair of good Lop-eared rabbits ; ears must not be under 19 or 20 inches long. C. M. BOTNTON, Box 610, Concord, N. H., has for exchange Buff and White Cochins, Dark Brahmas and White Leghorns, for a good, easy, Lady's Riding Saddle. Any one having above saddle will please drop me a line. Would also exchange a few fowls for any other property. T. A. WINFIEED, Hubbard, 0., wiil exchange a White and Liver Setter slut pup, three months old, for White-crested Black Polish fowls. T. A. WINFIEIiD, Hubbard, 0., will exchange Fancy Poultry, Fancy Pigeons, for Common Pigeons. What other oflers ? RICHARD JENNINGS, dealer in Guns and Sportsmen's Goods, No. 1 Broadway, Cleveland, Ohio, will exchange a beautiful Pointer bitch, 7 months old, sire worth $200— for Lop-Eared Babbits, Ferrets, or powerful first-class watchdog. F, G. PATTERSON, Portland, Me., will exchange Silver hunting- case watch, nearly new (cost $23)— for standard Black and Blue Fantails and G. S. Bantams. Also, new Nickel-plated Smith & Wesson Revolver (cost $15)— for a pair of Pekin Ducks, Clifl or Palmer stock. What other offers? F. H. SCHTTARTZ, Bernville, Pa., will exchange one extra fine, large, tame Black Squirrel, in a large size Osborn cage, costing about SIO — for Pouters. What other offers? W;\[JjED. Under this Head any Single Want will be Placed, if not over Forty Words. 35 crs. must be Remitted for each and every Want. WANTED. — ^A Cocker Spaniel dog, not less than ten months nor over three years old. Address, stating lowest cash price, B. F. WHITE, Ashley Falls, Berkshire Co., Mass. FOR SAIiE.— Pair Short-Faced Almonds, §35 ; first prize at Balti- more Show. Ked Agate cock, and red whole-feathered hen, S20. Almond cock and Yellow Agate Mottled hen, $15 ; beautiful Splash cock, first prize at Baltimore Show, and Yellow and White hen, S15 ; Almond hen, $15; Red Agate Mottled hen, $10; Yellow Mottled hen, a perfect gem, §20. The above are from as good a strain of short-faces as any one fan- cier possess ; are warranted breeders, aad without fault. Also, Yellow Swallow cock, $12.50; Yellow Swallow cock, §10; Red Swallow cock, $7. Grand pair of Red Priests, well feather-footed, exhibition birds, $15 ; pair Red Priests, SIO. Address MARBLE, 13 S. Liberty Street, Baltimore, Md. STOEE?f . — One Almond Tumbler cock, very fine, one Black Mottled cock, both first premium at the last State Fair. Also, one Red Rosewing Mottled hen, short-faced, from private box in this city. A suitable re- ward will be paid for their return, or information that will convict the offender. Address this ofiice. FATfCIERS I NOTICE 1 1— Four pairs imported Antwerps for sale; worth in Europe £5 per pair. For sale cheap. Address P. O.yBOX 2971, New York City. FOR EXCHANGE OR SAEE.— Gold and Silver Sebright Ban- tams. BOX 17, Beverly, N. J. FAJfCIEBS' JOURMAL IS THE BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM IN THE COUNTEY FOE THE PEICE. SEND ALONG YOUE ADVERTISEMENT AND HELP TO SUSTAIN A WEEKLY 1 THAT WILL CAREFULLY GUARD THE INTEEEST OF THE HONEST FANCIER. SUBSCRIBE AND ADVERTISE I NOW IS THE TIME. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JULY 8, 1875. No. 27. PodLTF^Y Dep^i^tI^^NT- (ForFanciiTs'Jiiiirnal.) HINTS. Hints, intlocd I Who aro you, to give 74.S hints? So ex- chiims tlio subscriber to the Journal from its first number. The hints iiro for the new and recent subscribers, if you plense, my dear reader, although they may fit your case. Fifteen years have I been an amateur fancier, running my fowls, of many kinds, to suit my fancj', here and in England ; and I conclude that for any one with a small range (one- half to one acre), and with no assistance, it is bettor to raise bvit a few chicks — say twenty-five or thirty at the outside — (if a good sort, and whatever suits the fancy of the owner, although to ft beginner I would recommend non-sitters, with throe good Gray Dorkings or Games kept to do the hatch- ing. I prefer the latter, as their eggs are not easily mis- taken and set. Raising more chicks takes time and too much care. The above number can be fed early in the morning with wheaten grits for a week (after that, wheat screenings), and after one's own breakfast a little meat, por- ridge, bread crumbs, or the like, from the table, makes thorn grow and thrive. Dinner-time affords an opportunity to give a ration of potato and gravy, some pudding or crumbs and gravy, and in the evening wheat again. Keeping more chicks makes it difficult to find nice scraps for all. Feed all with the scraps. Do not forget the six weeks old for the benefit of the little fellows. Do not try to raise a lot of chickens for the table, as it will not pay in any way, and will hurt the few pullets you have growing up for laying by taking a share of your attention. Kill cockerels as soon as edible ; raise but few, I repeat, but have those superior. Start out with good stock, and introduce good blood every third year in the shape of a fine two-year old cock. Never allow your hens to become too old — three years is onougli for them to live — and, above all, keep a .«»m// fioek, say eighteen to t\vent_\ hens, and a young and an old cock. Keep one sort only, except the three mothers, if you have non-sitters. There is too much expecting to " get a dollar or two out of ray fowls" among amateurs around us. You must not expect to sell as the dealing fancy do, but look for a fair supply of eggs, and a pretty flock of fowls to grace your lawn, and, if you get it, be pleased. Do not run your fancy for profit. You do not keep your handsome dog or your fragrant cigar for profit, so treat your fancy for fowls the same way. Your hens will keep you " square " on your grain account, :ind with this be satisfied. Avoid the use of Indian corn and meal, as it is too fattening for fowls, and too heating for chicks. These hints are for fanciers, who, like myself, are away from home on business most of their time, and who at the same time wish to care for their own stock. I have observed, recently, manj' around me attempting to do too much in raising chicks and keeping over birds for sale. Disappointment is sure to follow ; while, by keeping things in a moderate shape, satisfaction cannot but accrue, both to the feathered and unfcathered biped. Statkn Island, June, 187.5. KoSE CoMB. (For Fanciers' Journal.) BREEDING IN AND IN. I FIND the following; iirticle U])on this subjectin L'Epervier, and translate it for the benefit of our breeders, believing that too much prejudice exists relative thereto. The journal above mentioned quotes as follows from the authority of M. J. B. Huzard, otticer of the Legion of Honor, member of the Academy of Medicine, and of the Central Agricultural Society of France. "Space prevents our publishing in full the observations collected by jVI. Huzard, advocating the mating of blood relations. He cites, with authority, numerous examples which have been particularly collected among persons who have devoted themselves to improving the breed of fowls, cattle, and horses. M. Huzard closes his learned dissertation with the following conclusions, which we reproduce verba- tim : " For me, in these domestic relations, the alliances between brothers and sisters, fathers and daughters and grand-daugh- ters, nephews and nieces are the best way of preserving the races with their characteristics and forms, and also, in making the new, if in a generation one finds accidentilly new forms that they prefer, .provided I add, nevertheless, these two conditions: 1. That a rigid selection shall be made from eacli new generation to remove from the collection the pro- ducts which have not the qualities and forms sought, and above all, those which have a feeble constitution. 2. That ft proper hygiene provides for the preservation of the family or race. In all families, on the contrary, where there is de- fective care, or an unwholesome or insutHcient diet, or n bad habitation, and when excessive toils are the lot of animals, there is dogonoration to fear and araeliorntion is impossible. The word consanguinity signifies relation, and applied to designate a malad}- or material result, becomes an error of the imagination." N. T. Colbt. 422 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. HOW TO BUILD A PAIR OF FOWL HOUSES. I SEND a general description witb a few plain directions, "how to build a pair of semi-detached fowl houses." The accompanying plan and elevation are on one-eighth of an Inch scale. The fowl house is situated in an orchard facing south, the run of one measures 130x40 feet, the other 260x40 feet, part of the distance being 80 feet wide at the end surrounded by a wire fencing, except the outer side, which is a wooden fence 8 feet high. The fowl house is 24 feet wide, 6 feet deep, 6 feet from ground to eaves, and 8 feet to ridge of roof inside at each end of the building, and under the same roof there is an open shed 5 feet 9 inches square (inside measure- ment), the remaining 12 feet are the two fowl houses divided in the centre. A door leads into each compartment, ap- proached through the open shed with a hole in the door for the fowls to pass through, as seen by the elevation. The laying nests are upon the floor with perches so arranged as not to be any annoyance to the fowls' nests. The floors of fowl house and sheds are laid with 4 inches of broken challi and sifted cinder ashes mixed together, well rolled and beaten down, then copiously watered with a garden water can, mak- ing when dry, a firm and capital floor. A dust bath is also provided in each of the open slieds. The outer walls of the house are built with feather-edged 9-inch deal boards, overlapping each other 1 inch, also, the two ends of each fowl house up to the doors. The inside of fowl houses are lined with three-quarter incV. white 9-inch deal boards. The doors are 2 feet three inches wide, and 5 feet 9 inches high. The window is glazed and fixed to give light to both houses. The roof thatched with wheat straw of good thickness, and overlapping the outer walls about 9 to 12 inches. I very much prefer straw thatch to any other kind of covering for the roof, insuring an equable tempera- ture summer and win- ter. The arrangement of the double walls in the two houses insures a capital ventilation ; the chalk floor adds greatly to the comfort and health of the fowls. Having given a gen- eral description of the houses, 1 will as clearly as I can, state a few plain directions how I set about building them. I must presume my reader has decided to be his own architect, surveyor, and builder. Let us now take a walk to the timber mer- chant, and let him un- derstand we are to be put on the best terms for cash payment. A — Sheds open to the south. B— Fowl houses, 5 feet 9 inches square. C — Nests iipon the floor. D — Dust baths. E — Centre posts. F — Run inclosed with wire netting. [] — Gate, The order will be as follows : .£ s. a- 9x12 feet deals, 4 cut feather-edged 1 16 0 6x12 " white deals, 4 cut plain hoards 1 4 0 50 ft. 4}4X 3 five supports from top of roof, marked £, 10 ft. each 0 8 6 105 ft. 4>^x3 for post to support the walls aud eaves of roof 0 17 6 24x5 ft., 2)^x1;^ for the rafters 0 0 0 2xl2ft., 3x1}^ for top of roof fixed on the 5x8 ft. posts 0 1 6 4xl2ft., 3 x2J^, for top of front and back posts 0 4 0 £5 0 6 Nails, hinges, locks, glazed second-hand window, chalk, straw, and thatcher 2 0 0 The above goods, etc., having been sent in, 1 must refer to ground plan (Pig. 1), which shows there are four- teen posts to support the eaves of the roof and the walls of the building, divided by 14 gives li feet to each post, the holes to re- ceive them to be dug 18 inohesdeep. Beascare- ful as possible in fixing the four corner posts that they are perfeetl}' accurate, then proceed to dig the holes the same depth to receive the remaining ten posts. Havingfixed the posts for the outer walls then proceed to dig five holes 2 feet deep, for the five centre 10 feet posts marked E, leaving 8 feet above the ground to support the top of roof ; when securely done take two 12 feet, 3 X IJ, and let them in [J at the top of the five centre posts. Proceed next to fix two 12 feet, 3 X 2J- at the top of the front posts, Nos. 1, 14, 13, 12, and 11, and two 12 feet, 3x2J on the top of back post, Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. All is now ready for the rafters, 24 x 5 feet, 2JxlJ-, half in front half at the back. The skeleton of the building is now readj^. Begin next with fixing the feather-edged boards, 9x4 cut deals gives five boards to a deal, or forty-five i.--.-J*S*«-j. FANCIKRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCHANGE. 423 boards 12 foet long, 9 inches wide, allow 1 inch for over- lapping, takes nine boards all round, rather more for the gablo ends; V2 feet boards are a convoniont size; cut thorn in half they fit the two finds, and cut a board in three will bo rather more than enough for the two ends of the fowl house. Under the shed allow 2 foot 3 inches for doors. Next proceed with fixing the glazed window 4x3 foet, or any other convenient size and pass to the insido of the house ; lirst fix a double lining of boards for the centre to divide the two houses, and lino the insido, back, front and gablo end walls, use the wood for the purpose from the fi x 12 feet white deals, four cut plain boards ; you can make your doors from, the same, and fix thorn with ordinary hinges and locks. Place your perches in such a position as shall bo for the comfort of the birds, so as not to interfere with the nests upon the floor, place the dust bath under the shod in the corner opposite the doors. Everything is now ready for the thatchor. Mako a bargain with him at so much per 100 square, and use the best wlieat straw. For the outer wall of house I have found pine varnish a cheap and excel- lent substitute for paint. Paint or tar is very objectionable for fowl houses. The cost will be 2s. 6d. or 3s. — J. P. MiL- LBE, in Journal of HoHiculturc. (For Fanciers' .Tournal.) A FEW RULES FOR BEGINNERS. BY W. E. KI.OWER. No. 1. 1. Subscribe for the Fanciers' Journal, as it is the only weekly paper devoted to the interest of the fancier ; read it carefully, and scan its pages closely for information in re- gard to the care and treatment of your fowls, pigeons, dogs, rabbits, etc., and in less than three months you will have received hints that will bring j'ou more than the price of subscription in direct pecuniary returns. 2. Consult your own fancy in regard to what variety of fowls, pigeons, rabbits, etc. that you will keep, and do not be influenced in this matter by any one ; whichever breed or variety you fancy is the one you will best succeed with. 3. Keep but one breed, and endeavor by close attention and careful study to bring it as near perfection as possible. 4. Remember that exhibition or prize birds will not always produce premium birds. If you begin with fowls or adult stock of any kind, get some reliable man who is ac- quainted with the variety you wish to breed, to select and mate your stock for you. Some novices will go into a show- room and purchase a first premium trio of fowls regardless of cost. Such birds often breed nothing but trash, they not being properly mated. 5. If you commence by buying eggs, order them from a reliable breeder, of whom there are many who advertise in the FaitcicrK' Journal. If you are afraid of the perils inci- dent to a long journey by express, purchase of some breeder near your own locality. This, however, is a matter of small importance if the eggs bo fresh and fertile. 6. Always have your sitting hens ready and accustomed to their nests by the time the eggs arrive. If it is necoisary to remove a hen from one nost to another, do so at night rather than in the daytime, as she will bo more likely to stick to her new nest. In warm weather make the nest on the ground. 7. Sprinkle flour of sulphur over and around your sitting hens to keep them free from vermin. Rufllc their feathers and their backs, and dust thorn thoroughly. Never greago a hen while she is sitting ; if you do, nary a chick will you got. If convenient, provide a small yard for your hen* to dust and exercise themselves in ; kcoji corn and water con- stantly by them ; watch thom closely for the first seven days; and see that they do not remain off too long. A hen should not stay off from her c^ggs longer than fifteen or twenty minutes in cold weather ; but, at this season, an hour or two will not injure them. 8. After your hen has been sitting eight or ten days, go to her at night with a strong light and examine the eggs, and remove the unfertile ones ; these )'0u can easily discern by holding them up before the light, in the following man- ner: Hold the egg in the right hand, small end down, be- tween the thumb and forefinger ; now place the little finger of the loft hand across the top or middle of the large end of the ogg, close the left hand slightly in such a way as to shade the eyes and throw the light into the egg; hold the egg a little below rather than on a level with the blaze of the lamp. Those eggs having chicks in them will appear quite dark, except a small portion near the top. Those that are unfertile will be quite clear, like new-laid eggs, and should be removed at once, as they generate gases which often causes them to burst and smear the good eggs, some- times spoiling a whole nest. A little practice will enable the novice to detect the fertile from the unfertile ones by the tenth day. With Leghorn and Spanish eggs, the differ- ence can bo seen much sooner than with the eggs of Brah- mas or Cochins, as the eggs of the two latter are thicker and darker. An expert can detect the unfertile eggs as early as the fifth or sixth day. (For Fanciers' Journal.) "POOR HENRY." REPLY To ISAAC V.VX WINKLE. In No. 25, of the Fanciers' Journal, we notice an article headed "To Poor Henry," who is a correspondent of the Ponltry Nation, representing a character just commencing in the poultry business with his son "Johnny;" and, being anxious to succeed and make money in their new enterprise, " Poor Henry " studies to profit by the experience of others, and advises his son in occasional letters written in a serio- comic stylo, rather quaint and extravagant, and published in the Nation, which we have the honor to represent as edi- tor-in-chief. We do not wish to engage in any controversy and should answer Mr. Van Winkle's communication with silence, were it not for the disparaging reflections he casts upon our paper, which might convey wrong impressions in regard to its purposes. Speaking of the object of the person sending him a copy, he says : " To give me some idea of its high moral concep- tion, and the great and good work in which it is engaged, in showing up the tricks of the trade and inducing the public to believe that a large majority of the poultry fraternity were a set of cheats and frauds." Now we know not who sent him a copy of the paper, and care less. Neither do wo understand the motives of the person sending it. What surprises us most is, Mr. Van Winkle's insinuation that the chief mission of the Nation is, iu " inducing the public to believe that a large majority of the poultry fraternity are a set of cheats and frauds." In all candor we ask, is this courteous ? Is it well-founded? 424 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. An Idea so preposterous to the morale, or moral conceptions, of the fraternity, we never before saw in print and never heard advanced, unless by some old fogy outsider who would delight to denounce the whole fancy as an " unmitigated humbug." If any poultry fancier really believes " that a large ma- jority of the fraternity are a set of cheats and frauds," the sooner he drops poultry, for other business, the better for himself and the brotherhood. Since the Nation started, we would like to have Mr. Van "Winkle, or any other person, show where by a single word or sentence it has ever intimated that any considerable number of our fanciers are unreliable. Has it not continually deprecated the fact that there are any at all ? In showing up the follies and absurdities of the poultry trade and fancy, is it ahead of the Fanciers' Journal, with its "Peter Simples," "Smileys," and " Hans Schnei- ders?" It seems partial to cast a, fling at one journal and omit others on the same tack. We supposed it was pretty generally understood that the Nation is conducted on the most liberal principles, for the general good of the poultry interests. Our columns are as free to all as they can be made, and we do not hold ourselves responsible for the opinions of correspondents. "We shall continue to labor for the right and denounce wrong as we see iit, without fear or favor. If a party feels injured by anything that may appear, he can have the use of our columns for explanation, so long as he is courteous and not harshly personal. "Would not explanation of a mistake reach parties influ- enced more directly, and repair the mischief more effectually, if published in the same paper where the mistake occurred ? The influence for harm is with the readers of the Nation, and not the Fanciers' Journal, and there is the place to rectify and explain any mistakes which, we regret, may have been made in our columns to the injury of another. Explanation there, if desired, is always in order. "We had not before examined Mr. Van Winkle's advertise- ment. As wo read the clause referring to Houdan eggs, its meaning is ambiguous, and might be construed to mean eggs from descendants of the Paris Exposition trio, or " eggs from the trio" direct. In a letter about " Pedigree," to his son Johnny, " Poor Henry" referred to the matter in controversy, in his droll way, thus: " We will register our four-toed Houdans. Next year we will howl about bumble-foot and get them recog- nized in the standard, with either four toes or five toes. Won't that be splendid? See what a field it opens for us poor chaps. You know that the fifth toe has no more to do with bumble-foot than the crest has for Spanish. Games, Crevecceurs, and other four-toed varieties are just as liable to have it as Houdans or Dorkings ; but we can make a point here. This idea of allowing either four toes or five toes, is favored by the great breeder and writer who ad- vertises, ' Houdan eggs, from my trio that won the Paris Exposition gold medal, $5,' and the opinions of such men have weight. That exposition trio were old fowls when they were exhibited at the New York State Poultry Society's fair in 1869, and have been dead for years, yet they 'live in memory,' and must lay eggs yet, otherwise their owner could not sell eggs from them. Such advertisements are wonderfully enticing, and customers will purchase of men who have such stock. All these facts help us, and show us how we may yet get on the road to wealth." Further com- ment on this we will leave to the author, as he seems fully competent to "paddle his own canoe." As Mr. Van Winkle states, we once had dealings with him in fowls and eggs, but in this communication we will for- bear particulars respecting " so much satisfaction," after the birds matured and some were tested as breeders. If they did not prove satisfactory, we were charitable enough to suppose that the gentleman did not, perhaps, make poultry- breeding a business ; but, though starting with good stock, he trusted the breeding and management so much to at- tendants that the breeding-pens being improperly mated would account for deterioration. We agree with the gentleman in failing to see how he "stands in the way of anyone's making a fortune in the poultry business," unless the remark, " I never heard of a fancier making a fortune in the hen trade, I always supposed it required some surplus capital to keep in the busi- ness," would tend to discourage the majority of breeders and many of those about to engage in poultry-breeding, who expect to make the business pay a fair profit, at least above cost. Wo have reason to believe, in our extensive observa- tion and acquaintance, that those who keep fowls "just for the fun of it," to waste money on, comprise a very small minority of the fraternity. If it was otherwise, there would not be one-tenth of the interest there is to-day. We are aware all do not make poultry pay who expect to ; but few, indeed, are those in this country who keep fowls for the same purpose they do a tame crow, fox, or useless pet. We find that though a person be a true fancier, he is apt to not ignore utility and profit. We could demonstrate, and have often seen demonstrations, that the products of poul- try-raising will pay a handsome profit on the investment, if rightly managed, aside from fancy prices ; but, like any other business, all depends on skill and management, and we should hardly suppose one would succeed unless he made it soTnething of a business. Mr. Van Winkle "never heard of anyone making a fortune in the hen trade." The author of the " Hen Fever " tells us, in that work, that he made $)70,000 in (we think) three years, which amount might perhaps be considered barely sufficient for " pocket money," by some of the nabobs and aristocrats in the vicinity of " Gotham ;" but out among the western "bushwhackers" would be thought a pretty snug little fortune. Again, we have lately seen the state- ment of a large advertiser, in several poultrj' papers, that he appropriates ten per cent, of his profits on poultry to advertising, and that as his profits were $500 a month, he devoted 5.50 to this purpose. He says he is engaged in mercantile pursuits and still is making money out of poultry. We are acquainted with a breeder in the West who has cleared over $20,000 on poultry in three years, with prospects better than ever before. Others there. are, also, whom we could name, that are prosperous and successful in the "hen trade;" but they all feel in- terested enough in it to make it more or less of a " business." By thorough application, and the acquisition of practical knowledge, they become so skilled that they breed good birds, sell good birds, and thereby establish a good reputa- tion, and feel that they are on the road io fortune if not to fame. To this thrifty, progressive class, the " existence " of such papers as the Nation and Fanciers' Journal is not unknown. Their usefulness and mission are appreciated, and by the means of their teachings and, we trust, not too " high moral conceptions," the fancy grows and profits. Veemillion, Ohio. "W. H. Todd. PANCIKJIS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 425 (I'or Fiinclors' Journal.) DISAPPOINTMENTS. To tlio more oxpi!ri(!nc(«l I'liiiciors tin; litllo I hnve to say on tliis topic may not Im new, and yi^t tlio niiniboi' of tlioso who aro really but awakiming to tlio importance of tlio poultry fancy is so large, and the ideas of many so closely, ill many cases, verging on error, that I feel no need of an apology in calling their attention to the subject. In the lirst [iliico the beginner expects every egg to produce a chick, and when but fifty, or perhaps thirty per cent, of the whole number of eggs hatch, the man who has furnished them is at once adjudged a fraud. This is ungenerous and unreason- able. No man when he ships the eggs can tell what they will produce. No test has yet been discovered which will, to a certainty, toll which eggs aro.fortile and which are not. The producer does the best ho can when he sends eggs fresh laid and of undoubted purity. Add to this careful packingand delivery to the carrier and the responsibility of the producer should ceaso. The contingencies which are beyond his control aro so numerous, and the risks so hazardous, that it is really a wonder, when one takes into consideration the delicate structure of an egg, that there is any success at all in hatching eggs shipped any considerable distance. Wo are all more or less given to censuring express carriers. They are not without blame ; but, on the other hand, the expressman in lading and unlading goods has but a limited time for his work and necessarily cannot stop to read carefully the directions, contents, etc., of every package consigned to his care. Valuable suggestions have, from time to time, been given in all the poultry journals as to the best manner of packing eggs for hatching to ship by car, but the most valuable of all, we believe, is that which leads one to so arrange the box or basket that the expressman will handle it carefully by instinct. No man naturally lifts a box or basket with two hands when he can conveniently do so with one instead. A box then without a handle is an improper and an inconvenient vehicle in which to ship. Whether box or basket let it have a handle, and almost in- variably everj'one who takes hold of it, whether the handle be a hickory hoop, a strap, or even a rope, will take it by the handle. Some of the very best success we have ever had in eggs shipped by express, we have had from eggs shipped in a box with a rope handle attached. Ti^is, therefore, we think the important point in all the advice given from time to time relative to the shipment of eggs. Briefly, it is simply this: Put a handle to the package in which you ship the eggs. But another point. A two or three mile journej' in a wagon, over a rough street or road, does the eggs more harm than a two hundred mile journey on the cars. There can be no doubt about this. In many cases therefore, disappointment results from rough usage on the route home from the depot or express office to the purchaser's homo. And lastly no one can answer for the vagaries and whims of a hatching hen; carrying no time-piece, and soniotimes not being sufficiently supplied with food to satisfy her hunger, she may remain oil' the eggs long enough to chill them. Near the end of incubation this may not do any harm, but during the tirst week, and particularly the first four days, it is almost certain to arrest tho formation of the chicks and produce addled eggs. In almost every case in tho early spring we have found the want of success produced, not by infertile eggs, but by their having been chilled during the tirst week or ten days of incubation. Now if we had not said " lastly" wo would add one more itom as a cause of disappointment ; but wo will do it at any rate, if it takes another lastly. It is this : Tho breaking of the egg by tho hatching hon or by others attempting to lay in the same nest, and thus urncar- ing the other eggs. When this happens it need not cause failure, and will not if attended to in time. But failure will be the result if the remaining eggs are not cleansed. As soon as it is discovered that an egg has been broken and its contents been smeared over the others, they should at once bo immersed in a bu^in of luke-warm water and everyone of them carefully cleansed. If the nest hiw been befouled in the samo manner, the surface had better be removed and replaced by clean hay or straw. The albumen of a broken egg acts substantially- as a varnish, and when smeared on the outside of a shell will close the pores in such a manner that the embryo chick is deprived of air and thus destroyed. All in all, therefore, is not it a wonder that traveled eggs hatch as well as they do? A. N. Raub. (I'or Fanci.;rs' Jourcal.) . SHIPPING EGGS. At the beginning of the present season I was in doubt whether to order boxes or baskets for the shipment of my eggs. Finally, I concluded to ship one-half in boxes and tho other half in baskets, and have my patrons report the result. I am now greatly in favor of boxes, if possible with good stiff handles to them. In three cases where I shipped eggs over five hundred miles in boxes, every egg hatched, and in not a single case did I have the same result in baskets. As to packing them in the boxes, I packed in nearly every approved way, and the simplest packing usually turned out best. My plan was, first, to wrap in paper, then pack firm with sawdust. I am not a believer in having the large end down, and prefer the small one. This matter has been fre- quently discussed through the columns of the Journal, pro and con. As there is a diversity of opinion I follow neither rule, but pack some small end down, some large, and some on their sides; I think the sides preferable to either. If an egg is packed firmly in sawdust in a box it tmtst travel safely, and is less likely to coine to harm than in a basket, for the following reasons : tirst of all, it is stouter, and if anything is put on top it will not hurt; secondly, it has less chance of being put up out of the way where it has a chance to fall. There is no crush to a box, you can ship them with more security from being stolen by expressmen, and a dozen other good reasons, did I dare trespass on your space. Have your boxes plainly marked, "eggs for hatching," and packed firmly in sawdust, so that they cannot move, and you may look for good results if they are "right" when they are shipped. Meadvillk, V.K., June 22, ISTS. A. McLabeK. 8^" An interviewing Raleigh, N. C, reporter visited the prison and asked a big black follow why he w.is there, who answered : " Stealin' chickens, boss." " How long arc you in for." " Three monfs, boss." " Seems to mo it is a long time for so small a matter." " Yes, .sah, an' it wurent much ob a chicken needer ; and I didn't steal hira cider, but dah was a lot sed I did, and dah was a heap moar dot sworn I didn't steal it." 426 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. SfOF^TS|Vlfl^fj's DEpA^t^J|VIEflj. DINKING. I'm a sidding here, like I alvays do, A shmoking a Peder Glay, Und my dog's ashleeb like he alvays vas, A dozing der dime avay. I'm a dinking der same like I alvays do Of der habby dimes vent by, Und my heart vas glat, like dot alvays vas. Of my eyes vas full mit gry. I'm a shmiling der same like I alvays do, Und I saw dreugh my plinding dears Olt friends der same like dem alvays vas. Dough dey hafe been died for years. I'm a feeling goot, like I alvays do. Van I shmoke und dink und wride ; Und I vish der dimes dem alvays vas Der same like dem vas to-nighd. I'm a vishing der same like I alvays do Dot der dimes dem nefer vood shange, Und friends vood be like dem alvays vas, Und nefer got new or shdrange. I'm a buffing der same like I alvays do Venefer my heart vas lighd — My bipe dot's oud like dot alvays vas — Dot's bedder I said " Good-nighd I" — Clipper. (For Fanciers' JournalJ GAME AND SPORTSMEN". To HIM, to whom the works of nature are a pleasant and agreeable study, as well as to him who is eager and skilful in sportsmanship, the subject of game preservation is one of interest and importance ; nor is the importance confined alone to these, but it is more generally so than it appears at first sight and is easily demonstrated. Some of the wisest and best of scholars and statesmen of the past have given it their attention and admitted its importance. In the United States its usefulness and necessity are more apparent and discernible in some respects than in other countries. The defence of our country rests not upon a numerous and expensive standing army, but almost entirely upon the readiness of the people at large in the use of the gun, and in the revolution the accuracy and precision of the American riflemen more often conquered the British troops than the skilful mano3Uvres and discipline of the trained regulars. This accuracy and precision was acquired most certainly in almost daily exercise among the woods and fields in pursuit of game and braving toil and danger, living in secluded spots where they could indulge the appetite for sport and excitement, and served, moreover, to exercise the powers of endurance and develop their capabilities. But, even now the larger species of game are extinct, or nearly so, in the State of New York, and, as a consequence, the rifle, once the favorite weapon in American hands, has nearly fallen into disuse, and the fowling-piece is used in its place; and with the extinction of the winged game, which may yet be found among us, follows that also, and that gone, one of the most delightful outlets whereon to expend the animal spirits and propensities of youth takes its departure. Followed at the proper time and season, sporting imparts a health and robustness sought for in vain by city dwellers at fashionable watering places, and furnishes a most agree- able relaxation to the follower of sedentary pursuits or occupations. Nor does the practice tend, as has been claimed, to brunt or brutalize the finest sensibilities; on the contrary, he whom a close observance and intercourse with nature, noting the habits and ins.tincts of the game he pursues, the docility and genius of the dogs, the diversity and beauty of the scenery, with the thousand and one incidents attendant upon hunting, after mingling among such things, if his thoughts be not raised from " nature up to nature's god," then he may safely follow any pursuit or employment with- out fear of dulling a sensibility which he may pretend to, but assuredly has not. But I do not propose to defend field sports, properly followed, because there is no necessity of doing so among liberal and unprejudiced men, but to urge the necessity of protection. It is a most palpable fact that winged game, especially the quail, woodcock, snipe, and ruffed grouse (or partridge, or pheasant), are rapidly and surely becoming extinct, and this fact is mainly due to an ignorant, careless, reckless murder of these noble birds out of the proper season. The growing scarcity of these birds has been wrongfully ascribed to the advance of civilization and the upspringing of new and large places and thorough- fares. The entire reverse of this is the truth, for they follow in the tracks of man and are found only after his hand has cleared the forests and admitted the sunshine upon meadows and fields of grain. The surest finding place of ruflfed grouse is in some woodland skirted by fields of waving grain or cornfields. The advance of improvements, etc., except as they increase the numbers and facilities for loafing, pot- hunting vagabonds to stroll about the woods and fields and do their contemptible work of murder, does not in the least diminish the numbers of these birds. It is nothing more or less than a criminal disregard of the proper time to hunt and kill this game that causes the growing scarcity. Take the example of a pair of female ruffed grouse killed the latter part of April, or early in May, and the effect upon numbers of the bird in the ensuing fall amounts to from twenty to thirty less, for this bird lays from ten to fifteen eggs at a laying. Nor is this all, as the bird is, during the spring, wretchedly poor, and especially after severe winters their fiesh is rank and bitter from being kept by deep snows from their usual food, and feeding from necessity upon laurel and other unwholesome and unnatural esculents. The severity of the past winter has,bej'ond doubt, destroyed thousands of quail in almost all sections of the country where they abound, and the few that have survived are now busy nesting, and it is easy to see, that unless they are unmolested in so doing, this little favorite will be very scarce another fall. My correspondents in the West all combine to mention the great destruction of this bird, being often found frozen to death in large flocks upon the prairies. Indeed the habit of the quail in gathering into circles during the prevalence of storms is frequently taken advantage of by things (not I PANOIKRS' JOURNAL AND POUIiTIlY EXCHANGE. 427 iiion), armed with soiiio cnst-iron fowling piece or muskot, wlio steal ujion tliem unawares and pour a murderous dis- charge of slugs, or shot, frequently killing entire, or decimat- ing the flock. No man of ordinary humanity, much less a genuine sportsman, would over //un4 of shooting a quail, or snipo, or woodcock sitting, any more than he would of shooting and bagging an owl, and, in fact, to him who can only shoot and kill game sitting, my advice would bo to either entirely abandon sporting, or learn to accomplish the business in a more sportsmanlike form | for who is there, using a good shot-gun with a load of from an ounce to an ounce and a half of shot, hut can creep up to a bird, sitting upon some log or the ground, and accomplish his slaughter? And, on the contrary, it needs, as Ilorbort says (who, by the way, is the best American author on field sports), to shoot well on the wing, " the oyo of faith ; the finger of instinct; the steady nerve; the deliberate celerity; the marking glance which characterize the sportsman." Spring and summer shooting is not only destructive to game, but is followed at a season which renders it a toil rather than a pleasure to the sportsman, from the heat, the mosquitoes, and the condition of the birds. Woodcock shooting, by universal custom, commences on the first of July, in this State (which is much too early for the young birds to have attained full size and weight, and, moreover, is generally the hottest, dryest month of the year) ; why, I never understood, unless, at this period, the bird is more easily killed than in the fall, from the fact, that then (in July), when flushed, it takes wing, slowly and stupidly drops, and, after a short flight within gunshot, it may be followed and shot at a dozen times in as many minutes. While in the autumn, after the moulting season has passed, and after the singular disappearance of the woodcock from his ac- customed haunts for a time, ho is in full vigor and will weigh one quarter more, and makes, upon being disturbed, a swift and strong flight to a gi-eat distance. There was formerly some excellent woodcock shooting around and near the Chemung River, of this State; and especially in shooting iu this section, my own experience goes to show that summer killing of this bird is cruel and unsportsmanlike; for, in a day's sport in July, as I was following up a small stream which was tributary to the Chemung, and which was fringed with a growth of alder bushes and high weeds, in endeavoring to push ray way through a tangled mass of grass and rushes, I put up a bird, and steadying myself as well as I was able, gave her a barrel as she came into sight from among the alders, and cleverly stopped her. Upon retrieving the bird, which I did myself, not choosing to use my setter for that purpose, imagine niv surprise at finding between the legs of the old bird, a young one scarcely Hedged and unhurt, but clinging firmly to the legs of the parent bird. I ought to add, however, that the spring was unusually cold and backward that season and there had been a prevalence of rain and high water ; but 1 was fully convinced that I was killing game out of season and firmly resolved never again to hunt woodcock in the summer. With all game-birds the facts are similar with regard to killing them before autumn, and killed then, they are not only in much bettor condition for table use, but the sport of hunting them is increased tenfold. Then ' I beseech you, who value good sport in the pursuit of noble, full-sized game, and who regard personal comfort in its pursuit, and, above all, who wish to favor the pi-otection and preservation of American game birds, lay aside your trusty double-barrels until the many colored and gorgeous tints of pleasant autumn shall invite you into the fields, not now waving with tall gra?,s or golden grain, to the serious dam- ago of the farmer, but .shorn of their nodding glory and oflering no resistance to the roving feet of yourself or your canine oo?npanion8. Si'OETSman. TRAVELED DOGS. TiiK captain of a Nahant boat has a fine curly dog, which never misses making a trip with his master if he can help it. He likes the bustle and little excitement of getting under way, and going on shore again, as well as old sailors love the soa. He is quite sociable, and well acquainted with the regular passengers. They know his peculiarities, and ho knows some of thoir.s. If he docs not regularly " beg " ho is still sharp enough to "hang around" those who are rather liberally disposed. Ho generally gets his penny or five-cent piece, and then off he bounds to the refreshment table, and lays it out in cake as orderly as a boy. He would scorn to eat it oft" the floor, like a dog which had never been taught good manners. Ho hunts up his master and puts the cake in his hand, and then stands by decorously and eats it, piece by piece, as it is broken off for him. Another smart Yankee dog has a taste for visiting. He goes down to the dejjot and steps aboard the train, without the customary little ceremony at the ticket-office ; and when it reaches the right town he bounds off, and pays a visit to some friend of his master. He never makes a mistake about the town nor the train, and is such a fine intelligent fellow, he always meets with a welcome. Ho usually stays three or four days on his trips, and no doubt picks up considerable dog lore in his travels. I do not know whether the mightier dogs show him any particular attention on his return, but he is on good terms with them all. A fine Newfoundland dog was once sent on a journcv by water all by himself, and on his neck was tied a card with this inscription: "Please give mo a drink." Who could resist such an appeal? The good fellow did not want for food or water during the trip, and he wagged his tail and tossed his head in a way that said " thank you," as plainly as words could speak. He kind to all these dumb friends that God has placed around you, for ronn'mber ho notices every sparrow that falls. There is a record kept every day of your deeds and words, and even your feelings, toward them. 8®* The fact that John Sigler's gun was loaded when he blew in the muzzle and held the hammer back with his toe, was of no practical value to him, as he did not live long enough to reap any desirable profit from the discovery. 8®° An exchange announces that the members of the Dog Fanciers' Union, a society of Harvard College, have had all of their dogs dyed a gorgeous crimson, and that thus arrayed they will bo taken to the regatta at Saratoga. 8®- Dei'ukdatioxs of Foxes.— The AUentown News says : " The foxes are doing greater damage than usual on the Lehigh mountain this summer, destroying grape vines and plants in the gardens of the people living in that ele- vated locality, and making themselves very obnoxious. They are too shy in the daytime to shoot, committing their depredations on gardens and hen roosts at night, and carry- ing off their booty without detection." 428 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. J €^ ANCIERS' 1| OURNAL AND 9^ OULTEY ^pXCHANGE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Eaub, Associate Editor. Publislied Weekly at 39 ITortli Ninth Street, PhiladelpMa. srBSCRiPTiojr price— postage free. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, " IT. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. Geo. "W". Scheffer, 21 South Second Street, Harrisburg, Pa., is troubled with either a skunk or weasel, which visits his pigeon loft and seems to be altogether too fond of Pouter hens. If any of the readers of the Fanciers' Journal can tell how to catch him, they will confer a favor and receive the thanks of Mr. Scheffer. HEAVY WBIQHTS. In a letter received from Mr. D. A. Upham, of Wilson- ville. Conn., he mentions the fact that he has in his yards a pair of " Duke of York " Light Brahmas now (June 26th) just two months and seventeen days old, which weigh, cock- erel, 4 lbs. 2 oz., pullet, 3 lbs. 5 oz., making 7 lbs. 7 oz. to the pair. He also has a pair of Plymouth Rocks, same age, cockerel weighing 4 lb., 5 oz., and the pullet 3 lb. 4 oz., making 7 lb. 9 oz. to the pair. The above weight, for the age given, seems almost incredible. A NEW book;. Mrs. C. a. "Wakfield, author of " The Household of Bouverie," has completed a new novel, entitled "A Double "Wedding; or. How She Was Won," which will be published by T. B. Peterson & Brothers, Philadelphia, on the 14th of July. She has also made an arrangement with this house, whereby they have become the future publishers of all her works, and they will issue at once a New " Author's " Edi- tion of all her books, in uniform styles with her new work, "A Double Wedding; or, How She Was Won." Each 1)ook will be complete in one large duodecimo volume, bound in morocco cloth, price $1.75, and the first one to be pub- lished of the new edition will be her celebrated work, " The Household of Bouverie." And right here we will remark, that when a trusted party gets to that pass that he is known only by his silence, and will not answer letters, there is a " screw loose somewhere," and, in most cases, it is a sure indication of a swindler. We can call to mind several more cases of unfaithfulness and fraud, but sufficient for the present is the array we have given. — Poultry Nation. CoF^F^ESpOfjDEI^CE. otje english letter. Editor of the Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir : I hope your readers, and all fanciers in America who read the Live Stock Journal and Fanciers' Oazette, will be careful to consider the dirty, uncalled for, and untrue imputations against Dr. Baily in particular, and Americans in general, which appeared in that paper as editorial matter, as the prejudiced opinion of the editor, against which opinion, in behalf of myself and great numbers of fanciers and thousands of others who have business relations with America and Americans, I beg leave to protest. The editor of the Gazette is no doubt in some respects an able man, but it would be greatly to the interest of himself and the Live Stock Journal if he could as editor, suppress his absurd, domineering, dictatorial spirit, and cease to write as though he held an exclusive commission to judge in all matters. Probably there are still things in heaven and earth "not yet dreamed of" in the " philosophy " of Mr. Lewis Wright. I may add that Mr. Wright is not considered the end of the law here, and, answering him after his own style. Dr. Baily may tell Mr. Wright that gentlemen in England still trust and believe Americans in spite of Mr. Wright's remarks, and also that a few more similar expres- sions will convince gentlemen both in England and America that the writer is no gentleman, although he may be editor of the Live Stock Journal. Tours truly, A Manchester Fancier. Manchester, Eng., June 5, 1875. EGGS HATCHING. Friend Wade : On May 6th I received from John Cockroft, Esq., Mana- ger for Mrs. Acton Tindal, "Manor House," Aylesbury, England, eggs of the following: Toulouse geese, seven; White Aylesbury ducks, eleven ; Buff Cochins, nine ; White, Cochins, fourteen ; Partridge Cochins, B. A. Bantams, Dark Brahmas and Houdans, each nineteen. I have now growing, nicely, Toulouse, two ; W. A. ducks, two ; Buffs, seven ; White, five ; Partridge, ten ; Dark Brahmas, five; Houdans, five; B. A. Bantams, six; total, fortj'-two. Toward the last some of the hens became uneasy, and trampled on the chicks, and broke the eggs containing chicks to that extent that the yield, but for that, would have been sixty-six per cent. Considering the distance, the sea- son, and that they were twenty- three. days in transit, so that many of the eggs must have been over four weeks old, this hatch is a reasonable one. These chicks are now getting breast feathers, being just a month old, and show every indication of high and careful breeding. The Bantams are bred from last Crystal Palace first-prize winner, mated with six of the best pullets to be found in England. A letter from Mrs. Tindal, received this evening, informs me that a pen of her P. C. chicks (Jiinuary hatch), sold in May for £20. And the Buffs are still better. Nothing is bred at the " Manor House Farm- yard " that is not the best to be had. So far I can see no indication of a single cull in the whole fiook, which is the very best evidence of high breeding, and yet I am informed, or at least led to believe, that unless 1 invest twenty-five cents to have the pedigree of these birds recorded in the "Poultry World," they are of no account, and their progeny will be unsalable. I guess not. I do not believe all of us are on the way to a lunatic asylum, if pin feathers do stick through our hats. Tours truly, S. H. Seamans. Wauwatosa, Wis., June 29, 1875. an act of justice. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : In May I advertised pea fowls for sale, and in response to my advertisement I received an offer to ex- change a pair of pea fowls for a trio of Light Brahmas, from FANCIERS' JOUJINAL AND POULTItY I<:XCnANGE. 429 Mr. Wm. M. Tuthill, Spoonk, L. I. The Bnihmns were to be woll-markod birds, and to weigh thirty pounds. "We have made the exchange, and llio Brahman are just as rop- rosentod. I think it duo to Mr. Tuthill to publish this, that fanciors may know to whom to apply when they wish to bo treated right. Mr. Tutliill is personally a stranger to mc. Will you kindly insert tliis in your valuable Juarnrd. Kespectfully yours, D. K. Niowkll. Foot WusT Ninkticknth St., Ni;\v Voiik, July I, ]87.'i. CHK.STNUT OUOVIC STOfK FARM. Jos. M. Wadk, Esq. Dear Sir: I see a statement in last number, in regard to my sale to Mr. Hulick, wliieh is not correct in some par- ticulars. I sold ono-half interest in the " Chestnut Grove Farm," togotbor with a half interest in the horse, poultry, and pigeon stock, to Mr. llulick. I have purchased a grass farm near (Juakertown, to which I have moved my herd of short-horns, also the imported coach horse (Grand Turk), which I recently purchased of Boattie & Miller, in Toronto, Canada. In the poultry line I will keep Houdans and Light Brabmas. I intend to try the market qualities of the Hou- dan. Wo have not been very successful in hatching at the Chestnut Grove Farm this season, having only about two hundred chicks, when wo should have at least five hundred. What wo have are doing well, and we have some Light Brah- mas fully feathered. We are about organizing an Exhibition and Sale Association, in Easton, to be held the second week in January, immediately after the AUentown exhibition. 1 will send you full particulars soon. Yours truly, Thos. L. McKken. Chestnut Grove Stock Fakm .ind Poultry Yards, Easton, Pa., June 211, ls7;'i. kxpekiknce ix hatching. Fkibnd Wade : Being a subscriber to your most valuable Journal, and having received much benefit from reading it, I now wish to add my mite so that others may benefit by my experience. I set six hens on thirteen eggs each. The first hen came off with eight very nice chicks, but the others came off with one and two chicks each, with the exception of one, which came off without any. I was sadly disappointed, but I did not give up. I thought it would bo a good plan to set them on the ground. I took the bottom out of a box and set it on the ground under some bushes. I drove stakes all around the box (close together), to keep the rats from digging under. 1 then built a roof over it to keep the rain out. I then set the hen on eleven eggs (being all I had at that time), and just before writing this, I took the hen off the nest with eleven as nice chicks as I ever saw. I set two more hens the same way, and I hope they will do as well as the first. Hoping this will be of some use to your many readers, I remain Yours truly, W. M. Kinnamax. FiNiiLAV, Ohio. J®" A revenue assessor, in Ohio, asking the usual ques- tions, inquired, " Did your wife have any income last year." " Yes, sir," replic'd the assessed, " both girls." J8®"Afond husband boasted to a friend: "Tom, the old woman came near calling me honey last night." " Did she, Bill? What did she say?" " She said° ' Well, old Beeswax, come to supper.' " Slfl\LL PeJ DEfA^F^Jf^Efll AND Youira voLK's corner. FISH AND FISHING. No. 2. HODS, lines, etc. Tiiouail not an advocate of fancy tackle, yet I should advise every ono to procure the best material ; it gives better satisfaction, und in the end really costs less than cheaper tackle of an inferior sort. THE ROD. A chea]) jointed rod in three or four pieces, made of ash, can bo jirocurcd at any store where fishing tackle is sold, and will answer for catching small fry, as white perch, roach, etc. Though the tips are generally worth- less, being non-elastic, yet they will answer for all the fishing one is likely to get in the vicinity of the city ; indeed, a willow switch or a young cedar or birch will do that. A good split bamboo rod costs considerable money but is indispensable if the reader aspires to catch the noble trout, the plucky bass, or the voracious pickerel ; it being light, elastic and strong, the three essential points of a good rod. Rods made to slide like a telescope, and called cane rods, are by some much admired. A natural bamboo makes an excellent rod, but being so unhandy to carry is not much used by the traveling angler. Young anglers having high aspirations are apt to get their rods too long, twelve feet being as much rod as a lad of fifteen can gracefully manage. It is, perhaps, better to have two tips to your rod, one long and slender for fly and float fishing, the other short and thick for bottom fishing. THE REEL. The above is a useful addition to a rod, and when largo fisb are to be captured an indispensable one also. A smaller line and a more slender pole can be used with than without the reel, thus making a neater and handier outfit. The reel is made of nickel, German silver, and brass, and can be had either simple or multiplying, the latter is the better, being operated witb greater rapidity. The Amer- ican is considered better than the English make, the cogs of the latter wearing away sooner. A reel holding seventy- five yards of silk is large enough for all common purposes. HOOKS. My advice to every one who intends purchasing hooks is, to get the Limerick pattern — the genuine straight-barbed Limerick — and do not let any of the many miserable imita- tions be palmed off on you as genuine. The Limerick book is, for catching every kind of fish except sheepshead, greatly superior to all other patterns. The reason that I am so bit- ter against other makes is because I have suffered on account of their want of reliability. Many are the big fish I have lost by the other makes of hooks snapping, and I cannot remember of ever losing a fish from the same cause when I used Limerick hooks. There are many imitations of this make, and, to be sure to get the genuine, it is better to get the " needle-shanked.'' The Kirby is an excellent book for some fishing. The "Virginia" hook is short, and made of thick wire. A large size makes a good sheepshead hook. Hooks for catching small fish, such as the perch, etc., are often found 430 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POTJLTEY EXCHANGE. ready snooded on leaders of silkworm gut, and tlie gut being nearly invisible in water, answers this purpose admirably. To join or snood the hook to the line is, to do it neatly, a thing requiring a little skill. First, run the shank of the hook through a lump of shoemaker's or beeswax, then tie a neat knot at the end of the line to which the hook is to be joined, to prevent it from raveling, and after both the line and a thread of silk have been thoroughly waxed, wind the silk around the line and the hook, somewhat in the shape of QQ ; the hook occupying one loop, and the line the other. Draw the silk very tight. Continue the winding until the shank of the hook is about two-thirds covered, then tie a knot, and cut oif the surplus silk. Linen thread will answer instead of silk, but the former is preferable. THE LINE. Lines are made of silk, horsehair, linen, cotton, and sea grass. Silk lines are considered the best. Sea grass makes good short lines. Linen lines are also excellent. A plaited line is preferable to a twisted one, not being so likely to kink. Lines of light horsehair are by some liked better than all other kinds. Tinted lines are now much used — a sorrel or a dirt-color are the best tints. Lines made of Coats' cotton, and, though I never used one, I should suppose their glaring whiteness would make them objectionable, but use would soon remedy that. Newly purchased lines are some- times colored by drawing them through a handful of clover leaves. Lines boiled in linseed oil are made stronger and not so liable to kink. Lines of hemp or cotton, of a good thickness are the best for trolling. SINKBKS OR DBBP-SEAS Are of different sizes. Conical ones are not so good as cubical ones, the former twisting the line when drawn through the water. Sinkers can be purchased so cheaply that it is fool's economy to make them yourself. Shot and pistol bullets split open and then closed on the line are used to poise the float. Swivel sinkers are much used, and in trolling aid in spinning the bait. FLOATS OR CORKS. Floats are either made of cork or wood, the former being the better. The slender shaped ones are better for small fish, while the short thick ones are preferred for large fish. The float should be poised perpendicularly by a shot or bullet, so that the slightest nibble can be easily perceived. LEADERS. Pot leaders (the line to which the hooks are joined) silk- worm gut, though apt to be frail, is excellent, on account of its being nearly imperceptible in water. Sea grass is also used for the same purpose. When the leaders are of the same materials of which the line is composed, they should be a little smaller in circumference than the main line. The landing net is a useful article, as are also the gaff- hook and clearing-ring, but, being too heavy and clumsy to carry about on a day's fishing, it is unnecessary to de- scribe them. K. S. H. (For Fanciers' Journal.) BIRD ITEMS. THE CARDINAL GROSSBEAK. I HAVE among my pet stock a Cardinal bird, of last year's hatch, in whose health and education I take a special in- terest, as the ways of these birds are unlike any others with which I have had to do. They are most like the red squir- rel— always on the jump and up early in the morning. During the long, cold and snowy weather of April and May, this season, my bird moped, with his cage hung in the house; he will bear the most cold of any of the small bird kind, but he loves sunshine and fresh air. He had nearly ceased his singing by the middle of June, when the strawberries began to ripen. I had tempted him with chick- weed and blue grass heads, which seemed to please him ; but, when I began to feed him ripe strawberries he was jolly, and began to give off his music at early morning and at times all the day, until sunset. He was perfectly ravenous for ripe strawberries. On these hot days, in the last of June, he delights in a bath ; I give him a large bath trough, filled with soft water ; the Cardinal should have only pure, soft rain-water. KINGBIRDS AND BEBS. I had noticed a Kingbird visiting my bee-hives, which were placed under the shade of pear trees in my fruit garden. As a rule I never allow shooting among my birds ; but, when I saw this thievish rascal perching on the trees over the bee-hives and snapping up the heavily laden incomers, I concluded that Kingbirds had no rights that bee-keepers were bound to respect, in this case. When the soldier-bees saw the bird swoop upon his prey they would go for him with a vengeance and chase him out of the garden ; but he always managed to carry off his bee. Then I made ready a bird-gun, and the next time the marauder sailed in to his perch, on the pear tree, I drew a bead on him and he dropped. On opening his gizzard I found it full of the carcasses of bees, mostly legs and anthers, which could not readily digest. Hudson, Ohio. S. D. Harris. J3^"A Brockport man dreamed recently that his aunt was dead and the dream proved true. ■ He tried the same game with his mother-in-law, but it didn't work worth a cent. B@" Is IT Wise ? — Montgomery County, Md., taxpayers have been having a sort of bird tournament this year. The county commissioners have levied prizes to the amount of $1070 for the amusement of killing birds, as follows : 6050 crows, $377.50; 814 hawks, f407 ; and 517 owls, $287.50. 8^° In one of the French departments there is a "Society for the Protection of Birds useful to the Parmer." All nests found are reported to the society and protected by it. In the past year the society protected 214 nests, from which came 904 birds. ADTERTISEMEJITS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, "will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), eacli number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months, 123-^ per cent, discount. " six months 25 " nine months S7]4 " " " twelve months 50 '* *' CHASrOED AS OFTEJT AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy "discounts will not be made. Exchang^eiS limited to 48 words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JULY 15, 1875. No. 28. "LET'S PLAY." On I tho blossod and wise little cliilclren, What sensible things they say I When they can't have tho things they wish for, They take otliors and cry, " Lot's play." " Let's play " that tho chairs are big coaches, And tho sofa a railroad car. And that wo are all taking joHrno3's And traveling over so far. " Lot's play " that this broken old china Is a dinner set rare and line, And our tinciips filled with water Aro goblets of milk and wine. " Let's play " every one of our dollies Is alive and can go to walk, And keep up long conversations With us if wo want to talk. " Let's play " that we live in a palace. And that we aro queens and kings ; " Let's play " wo are birds in a tree top And can fly about on wings. " Lot's play" that wo are school-keepers, And grown people come to our school. And then punisli tlumi all most soundly If they break but a single rule. Oh I the blessed and wise little children. What sensible things they say ! And we might be happj' as they are. If we would be happy their way. What odds 'twixt not having and having. When wo have lived out our day ? Let us borrow the children's watchword — The magical watchword, " Let's play." H. H. THE STORY OF A BOY. Constant efforts are made to assist and to elevate the poor and tho neglected, especially the young ; but, as a rule, the work of philanthropists and the public provision for tho indigent do not result in much, except for those who have the resolution and the enterprise to help themselves. The case of a lad who had such a disposition is recorded iu the New England newspapers, and is quite worthy of being noticed. Its lesson may serve some " children of a larger growth," as well as mere boys and girls. Many persons aro barely living, dispirited and hopeless, who would rise to better and happier things if only they would open their eyes and act upon what thoy read and see. A bootblack wandered to Boston in the train of a " great show," polishing the "understandings" of tho frequenters of the exhibition and enlarging his own understanding as well. But in Boston shoeblacks must be licensed, and in default of tho necessary documents tho shoe-shiner's occupa- tion was gone. To get a license would not have cost money. That the boy could perhaps have raised. The law, however, does require that those who black boots shall show that for a certain time they have attended school. That evidence the boy could not produce. Ho read, however (for he could read), that at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, the United States ship, Sabine, was receiving boys as naval apprentices. As Goldsmith travelled with his flute, our lad travelled with his brushes. He worked his way to Portsmouth and made application to be admitted on board the ship. Hero a new difficulty met him. No boy could be received without the indorsement of parent or guardian. The New York waif, drifted away "Down East," could offer no such human vouchers. But "Charlie Howard " (such is the young man's name, and his age is seventeen) was not to bo baulked. Like " Japhet in sea.rch of his father," he set out in search of a "guardian ;" but, we may add, in a more sensible way, and with better objects than the hero of Marryatt's fictions. Boys and girls are good mind readers and show wonderful sagacity in electing the persons of whom to make requests. "Charlie" told his story to the City Marshal of Ports- mouth. The Marshal liked his looks, as the commander of the Sabine did also. The formalities were soon arranged j the ward of tho City Marshal is a United States apprentice. The Marshal is proud of his ward, and the whole ship's com- pany, from commander down, are pleased with their ship- mate. It is not safe to prophesy, but under the sanction of the Clerk of the Weather, who indicates "probabilities" with tolerable certainty, we may take the past drift and present tendencies of Charlie's clouds and sunshine as indi- cations that he will rise " fair " and set " clear." — Ledger. THE NATURAL HISTORY OF SWINDLES. The swindleris perennial, and always busy. Ilis methods \i\vy with time and circumstance, but at bottom he is always the same. And there is, in tho permanent propensity of men to bo swindled, a never-ending inducement for him to concoct his swindling schemes. He simply furnishes what the public calls for. What is the basis of this irrepressible tendency to bo " taken in ? " What are tho fundamental conditions of its development? We refer chiefiy to the amazing gullibility which induces or suflfers men — practical men, so called — to honestly enter upon mechanical and financial schemes of enormous promise and certain failure. The swindler has a motive that cannot be mistaken ; but what is tho motive of the victim? Is it native stupidity, invincible ignorance, eagerness for sudden riches, or what, that makes capitalists, notoriously shy of taking hold of enterprises of real merit, so ready to invest their money in palpable frauds? There is need of another Darwin to study tho genesis of tho various species of swindles. Do they follow a consistent law of evolution, and mark successive stages of individual unwisdom and popular incapacity for learning? It would bo a curious study — a eonsumedly interesting study ; we fear 438 FANCIEES' JOUKNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. it would be as humiliating to human pride and disastrous to our theories of popular progress. To say the best, it does take mankind a terrible while to learn anything, by exper- ience or otherwise. A good deal of light has been oast on many phases of gre- garious foolishness — of human sheepishness, as Sir Arthur Helps cleverly characterizes the tendency of men to "go with the crowd," right or wrong — by the study of epidemic delusions, wherein whole communities, often whole nations, have gone mad with some dominant idea, as of witchcraft or the like ; but such studies throw little direct light on the philosophy of swindles. Those take possession of crowds ; these are limited in their operations to individuals. Besides, epidemic delusions are always of an emotional character, and have to do primarily with spiritual affairs, though their manifestations and results are often enough grossly physical ; while the swindle has always a material subject. To use a rough but sufficiently accurate figure, the one usually speculates in corner lots in the New Jerusalem, the other in swamp lots in some wild cat city of the Far West. The one trades on the transmutation of the base metals of human weakness and wickedness into celestial gold by the violation of all social and moral principles ; the other on the conversion of common lead into double eagles by some impossible circumvention of the laws of nature. In both there is a firm, often intense, belief in the incred- ible. In both there is a confident expectation of getting a very large something out of nothing, or what is worse than nothing. In both epidemic and individual delusio.ns, too, the victims are often men who, on other subjects, are shrewd, sane, practical. The social conditions and current beliefs, which prepare the way for the reign of the first, can be clearly made out. Is it possible to do the same for the second ? To estimate how far the two rest upon a common basis of misconception as to the conditions of existence, and how far the swindle depends on individual conditions of heredity, environment, want of knowledge, and greed of gain? We are inclined to think it is quite possible ; but we leave it to the future Darwin of this department of natural historj- to undertake the task. It will be sufficient for us, when time and space permit, to notice a few of the determining conditions which make the trade of the swindler so enticing and remunerative. — Scientific American. g^" A little boy accosted a gentleman on the street in Portland the other day with, " Mister, can you fix things ?" " Well, I don't know ; I can fix some things. What is it?" " Can you fix my collar ? There's a pin sticking into me, and our folks are so busy about the Centennial they can't do it." J8®°In one of the cotton mills of Lawrence, Mass., an interest is manifested in the welfare of its employees. In the machinery department there are included a library, reading-room and a relief society, from which sick or disabled operatives draw two dollars a week each. To these agencies there is to be added in a few days a hospital, specially de- signed and arranged for the care of operatives who are inca- pacitated by any physical cause for work. A matron has been selected to take charge of it, and patients are to be provided with medical attendance, suitable sick room diet, the care of nurses and all the attentions and pleasant sur- roundings that can minister to the restoring health. PodLTF^Y DE[=/^F^TiviErJT. (For Fanciers' Journal.) HEREDITE IN FOWLS. Since the publication of Dr. Baily's article in your Jou7-- nal, on " Heredity in Fowls," several articles have appeared in English and American papers, in which the writers have, by their attempts at wit or ridicule, endeavored to throw discredit on the statements therein made. But, wit is not argument, and will convince no one who has had any ex- perience in breeding that the Doctor is in error. IsTor will their ridicule avail, except to expose their own folly and their profound ignorance of the laws of inheritance. "The whole art of breeding," says Mr. Darwin, "from which such great results have been attained, depends upon the inheritance of each small detail of structure." The law which has been laid down by breeders of domestic animals, that like will produce like, is as true and unvarying in its application to defects as to merits, and every breeder of experience can testify (often to his cost) how much more easily defects are inherited than virtues. The comb of the Spanish will fall over, and the red will appear in the face and on the shoulders among the best bloods. The combs of the Hamburgs and Brahmas will sometimes become side- ways or twisted, and feathered legs and hocks will appear, where and when least desired. So, through all our poultry experience, this kind of like is more sure to produce its like than high merit to produce like merit. In reply to the writer who questions the authenticity of the Doctor's statements, and asks why we have not been able to produce Game cocks already dubbed, we have only to answer — because we have not tried to do so. The art of breeding has been brought to such a state of perfection that the breeder can produce almost anything which he may de- sire ; and it certainly cannot be more difficult to breed a fowl without a comb, than to perfect a Short-horn, or a Hamburg, Brahma, or Sebright. All that is required is the application of the means and skill at the disposal of the breeder to the attainment of the end desired, and the con- centration of his mind upon this one object. If birds can be bred to a feather, as has been claimed, surely they can be bred with, or without, a comb; for, if like . will produce like in one respect, it most assuredly will in all. To one who has made a careful study of the laws of inheri- tance, there is no extravagance in the statements of Dr. Baily, for they are confirmed by his own experience, as well as by the experience of others. We have in our possession a Bantam hen who has the middle toe of one foot crooked like a sickle, and last year — the only year we have ever bred from her — some of her chickens exhibited the same defect, Mr. Darwin relates the FANCIBKS' JOUKNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. 439 following interesting and curious examples of this inheri- tance of defects : Lambert, the porcupine man, whose skin was thickly covered with warty projections, which were periodically moulted, had all his six children and two grand- children similarly alllictod. A race of two-lcggod pigs, described by Cox Hallam, the hinder parts of which were wanting, transmitted this dclicioncy through three genera- tions. A rabbit, who produced in a litter one animal hav- ing only one ear, and from this animal a breed was formed which steadily produced ono-oarcd rabbits. A bitch with a single leg deficient, produced several puppies with the same deficiency. A stag with one horn was discovered in a Ger- man forest in 1781, in 1788 two, and afterwards, from year to year, many were observed with only one horn, and that on the right side of the head. A cow lost a horn, and pro- duced three calves which had on the same side of the head only a bony lump attached to the skin. Various oases have been recorded of cats, dogs, and horses, whose tails, legs, etc., have been amputated or injured, producing offspring with the same parts deformed. These examples, given by so high an authority, together with similar occurrences in the experience of many a breeder, ought to satisfy the most skeptical in regard to the cases mentioned by Dr. Bally, and convince them that defects in certain parts or organs are inherited as truly as any valuable point or character. Fan. C. Here. {For Fanciers' Journal.) "TOO MANY BREEDS AT ONCE." Priknd Wade: Judging from the various articles written under the above heading, we would naturally infer that no one had brains enough to enable him to breed more than one variety or class of fowls successfully ; and, while we do not encourage breeding too many varieties, we propose to give you our ideas on this point, suggested by the article in No. 26 by our mutual friend. Dr. Dickie. We will preface our remarks by stating that a friendly interchange of thought through the medium of the press, whether our views harmonize or not, will result advanta- geously. The Doctor advises us to " do one thing at a time, and do it well," which is strictly in accordance with our views ; yet, when we have one thing done, we propose to do another, and so continue to "do one thing at a time," etc. No doubt many have met with disappointment in breeding poultry, because they have undertaken too much at a time. It is useless for him to attempt to breed fowls extensively whose time is nearly all monopolized by other business, or whose limited space allotted them necessitates overcrowding. It is true that high excellence depends on concentrating one's ctlbrts on a fixed end, and wo cannot succeed if we try to work out a dozen dift'erent typos at the same time; but, by mastering one at a time, wo may succeed with many. Abil- ity, study, and practice are indispensable to success, yet it is their sure reward. He who nuikes poultry-breeding a busi- ness, and is incapable of managing two, three, or even many varieties or classes, will hardly succeed with one. Many of the Doctor's ideas I heartily indorse; especially his discrimination between hreeda- and dealer; also his opinions of those who have dkii/i/ specialties. Now, let us expand a little ou his construction of doing one thing at a time. According to his theory, a teacher must apply his whole talents to one branch of science in order to succeed ; the husbandman must concentrate his efforts on the cultivation of at least a very Jew agricultural products ; the doctor's energies must be wholly absorbed in one branch of medical science. Further comment here is unnecessary ; we believe a man of ability and persevcranco may thoroughly learn how to breed one variety of fowls, then another, and so continue. In evidence, we call atten- tion to the many premiums won for years past by largo breeders in different localities, remembering that these breeders (not dealers who Jo not breed), generally win with their own stock. In conclusion, wo will repeat, " Do one thing at a time, and do it well." If you desire to be a successful breeder, go "slow but sure;" master each portion of your work as you proceed, but continue to proceed. No novice can jump into the business and be immediately successful, unless he has a trustworthy, experienced mana- ger. Ho may, by extensive advertising in various cunning ways, temporarily meet with financial success, but it will bo at the expen.se of his patrons. Yours truly, .1. T. Bickxell. Westmoreland, .July 3, 1875. (For Fanciers' Journ.il.) THE HATCHING ftUESTION. Friend Wade : As it seems to "be in order," I will have my say on the hatching question. Now, since the severe cold of the early spring is over,' I have had quite good success hatching eggs, both from my own yards and those purchased from others. I have had on four different occasions every egg hatch ; and in many others nine, ten, eleven, and twelve chicks from the conventional thirteen eggs. I purchased four sittings of W. C B. Poland eggs from Amos G. Day, of Ithaca, and got thirty-five chicks, after breaking two eggs, and one or two similar instances. And now I will tell you how I set my hens to obtain these results. I havii boxes made without bottoms that I can shut the hen in and yet let her have plenty of air. I have also a hatching room, where the hens are not disturbed by others. When I want to set a hen I cut a green sod the size of the box and turn it grass down, pour a quart or more of water on it, and then make the nest of clean, soft straw. I always keep a supply of broody hens on hand, and never set a hen that has not been broody four or five days. In this way I get a hen with a good heat started in her body, and one that will not leave her nest. I fasten them on at first, till I see how Ihcy will act, and take them off for food and water every morning. Eight days before they come off I take the hen oil" the nest and throw a pint of warm water on the eggs ; the third day I do the same thing, and also the evening before I expect them. When I get eggs from abroad, I have a nest and hen read)' for them, and unpack the eggs into the nest and put a hen on them at onco. I find this last a much better way than unpacking eggs into a box or tin pan, and letting them sit on a shelf in the kitchen waiting for a hen, as some do. Now, this is my plan, and I find it works well, and I am satisfied also that as much depends on the hatching of eggs as any other part of rearing chickens. I am also satisfied that if purchasers would follow this or some other good plan they would have less reason to complain of the parties who sold them the eggs than they do, and have better return for their money. On the whole, I think the purchaser has the advantage of the seller of eggs at all times, and often brands a breeder a rogue when he or his restless hen is to blame. PARKiiB,r.K.,j«iy5,is75. James M. liAUBiNO. rA^TCIEBS* JOUBNAL AND POULTBT EXCHANGE. MB. ADVOOD S &005:E— A5 EPITAPH. 'BtwiJH3*i -vas \i^aag awjy ! SM oU -rite gome, «bo ■vte»lMvuaiemat e&^OBe, ^e fikense too we goae ridt xv^ood. Hier ovaer T^ kiad md fcoi^dfErade, tat kiud- FfetTitcfeiwes dosd coold szre Dmt "toMnlidiiiioii " wae droe writ ids z::i.iTr^5J EbeTaEBodimanid&laf Iia'Bii3nng had &Ilen into dsr^fnte among its gOTemois. He proves that Sevens 'w^ not able to I eoBfna Britua nnfil he had lendoed his principal officers 1 jm ii imi nlrlj e^mloaE of ^lotf bjr ejchiUting a main of cocks erar daj heSare Aem. Hie soothsayer warned Mark Antc»> J to take heed of Gssar, becai^e his cocks were al wars -^ir;?^ \'- Him. Hie great GfEtaviis told the King of Den- ^ : J -z 1 : i so eaiBe to &ar the Impezialkte, since they ^ _ ^- 'rL -p eodJBg and wae devoted to drinking and -■jr.-n^ CbriEtian, King ^ slay the L^:^ . : Icjg^dbte ag;auKt haatiBg, eoomag, fel: : . aai^seaasi^ what eaa he ame hcotad t; . OB hookx or tndli^ WI& lire hvt to C2. : . with A fine salmoii on your botA ie ^ : aithoo^ tiK vietiB diSsts in o|Nnioc. 2'~i : modi to be said la £»orof grand 6aO*ei, -»-_--; of btriteaBdgroKBdgameese^teBiafil&t^d t'. .v.. aUeSSeortobeeatesbyratE. AXlthrse-:- - -- -- - BCTHSffity be erad; but th^ are saaer : t1 riannrT, aad flie crudtf is ^spred. VT : cfeaa^ims of Ae eoek^t, k it a ffetr.^.: eoek to be wdl fed aad reared to %^ -^ to ta petted Sbt tibe veosaiader of bK 1::^ little bene li» hs eonfiMTt, or to eat bl^ : ;.. ;^: to aati^ &e appetite of a eamiTomiB man? Ari •.--.-. warn, irfw daily & aa aeeeaaoty to the mmdra' of joultrT aad pets. On the contrary, they ^nd dosdy engaged in the work of . ihediicks, that time eoold hardly -. z. This Eea£(Hi has been a very -able for breeding, A large '. ■ '. bstch eariy in the ^>ring rcibably other caiKes :f April, eggE have --^ pooltrr i, jtt tke •mate«n kare given time, stndT, and a;teatiatt U> their vork, as tke result demonftrates. The home deaaaadfitr pare-kredpoal- tnr has been larger than ever, lUi scsata, «*«• exeee^ag the supply. Am'iiing things occur occa^ioaaUjr witk soaae of oar old fogies who are " dovn on " lacor Ibvk, and have maek to say agaioii them, bat would b« ;bd to get the Tarioas kiads of improTed pooltrr without extra cdet. A aeigkbor who breeds Light Brahmas, and alio kaipw a few comaioa fovb, took some of ;fae egg$ of his cv)moM>a fovkto a store to sell, some lime ag\.'>, and an -Ad ^;=-.!<^ffiaa happened to be ia the store at the time, who aiw^v^ c'^'vls about the '^big ehiek- ens,'' and far$ that he would not keep them. He asked whether the eggs being sold were Brahmae, and was told that they wer>e. "Xow," said he to the derk, «'tou just lay them bac^. and I will go dowa home and get some of my eggs and exchange with yoa." He weat boeae, pleased with his good luck in getting Brahma ^gs so cheap ; bat, when he came back with his eggs, and was told that they were only common eggs, he saw the "sell," and wk not quite so well pleased. Another person was also •' sold •* ia " &ncy ^ss," in the following manner: Another ce^bor, who breeds White Leghorns, sent one of his fimiiy to the store with duck eggs. A lady who wsf in the stor^ asked the little girt that had the ^gs. whether they were Leghora eggs, and the child innocently said •' yes," so she set then, and now has a brcod of web-footed, quacking LeghornSw She ought to get them pedigreed. "VThen pev^ple are •• sold '" ia this way, it serves them right — let them honestly pay a £ur price and they will get what they want, and not I'oel mean about it either. A few weeks ago we assisted ia perfomiag aa opeiatkia on a Light Brahma hen that had an exeeediaglT lar^ crop. TVe cut a hole into the crop about two inches k>ag, and re- moved about a pound of straw and fodder that was matted t>^ther into a hard and fetid mass. Tke hen recovered. laid a number of eggs, and is now the mothwof a line brood of chicks. Knowing the value of space in the Jmytml, «« will reserve other interesting items for a future coauaant- cation. TrKBOxnuje. ABOTTT HESS. hooae I foaad thea both Mttiag, Lady Xaiy peeriag Be, with and aad wiv- ering their ohamcters, wh;c:-. srie -<-: *: a',, ur.ike some of my human friends. I gave -.'..e^i ill -su:cs, aad oae. a pretty little Golden Hamburg, from her dainty ways and beauty I called Lady Mary. Lady Mary always met me at the farm gate, and flying on :o the bowl of food, helped herself, as if disclaiming to tW-d with the rest of the com- mon fowls- She bad a sinpi'.ir dislike to a dull, stupid old black hen. who w*s si:px\.^s^\i to be a Crevec\¥ur, and who had an odd and ungsii:-.".y topknot of feathers on the top of her head. This topknot she seemed always trying to gaxe at. which ocv*5ioned Lady Mary to give her a sharp peck whenever an occasion otfored. Lady Mary now and th«n laid eggs, but never condescended to si:. Judith, the old hen, was forever sitting. 1 was oMicsJ to so from home, and lell my poultry in the charge of Fatty, the farm woman, saying, •' I really think Lady M.-iry wants w sit : she has been thre« days v^n that addled turkey egg: and Judith certainly does. Let them both." When I came K^ Pkowxss or a CstCAao Hes.— At $ o'dock Tknr»- day atoning^ on the preasises Xo. IS9 Oa&trio street, a ken, with a dependent bnx^ of little checks, was seaivhiag diK- gentlyfortkeproTerbialwana. Under tke sidewalk skirting the koatsa was concealed a falWgiown tau wko afe» was playiag the early bird, and had his ey« intent apoa tke movements of the :==.x-eBt baby hens and taoeten. Oae little chick was almc«l within hfe grasp whan tke watekfitl mother discovered the dai^er. tjaick as I^tning ska caught the rat with her haak and tcesed hta apen the side> walk, where ^e inriottsly packed at hfe had Tkecoaaao- tion aaang tke ckickew and tke tetile Sfasafing of tike tat broaght tke foimty. who were seated at hreak&st, to ^e door. The head of th« house grasped a stick aad tasked to tke as^stanc« of the valiant Sen, who was still striking incessant and deadly blows, aad the laan foand it was iapa'TiHr to aid her whh^>ut danger to karialf. Ia lass tkan a aiaate the brave old hea had succeaded in deesalckiag ^e rat, and, with a BKxieist bat saiisi^wtarr check, the fliatkutd keraiae gathered her foaily aboat ker and started again in paisiA of the wonn. — Oicy» 442 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. I---- =»==s «s^ — ^ — ' '^ \_ ^r^t^^""^^ v.* r^^^ €^ ^^n^^Jft #-%4a a^ j^ &J^^^^^^ f^m ^^^^^ n^£.\^^^^S^^ ^^B ^^^^^^^ PiqEO[J DEfy^F^jjviErJT. (Our English Correspondence.) THE POULTRY AND PIGEON FANCY IN ENGLAND. Dear Sir : Never at any previous period have these hob- hies been in so satisfactory a state as at the present time. The shows are increasing every year, the entries are more numerous, birds realize greater prices; and, of late, the im- provement made in some of the varieties is truly wonderful, and the number of fanciers has more than doubled within the last few years. The prizes now offered at some of our principal shows are very valuable. At the last Crystal Palace show a twenty- guinea cup was given for the best Brahma, and a ten- guinea cup for the best pigeon on exhibition. Prizes like these are sure to increase the value of good birds ; and prices paid this last season for winners have in some cases equalled the sums paid during the time of the Cochin mania. As much as £80 was paid for a pen of Buff Cochins, and £-50 for a pair of Partridge hens. I heard another gentleman refuse £50 for a Buff Cochin cock, while the prices paid for Dark Brahmas have even exceeded these sums. Spanish have this year sold well, £20 having been paid for the fourth-prize cockerel at Bristol show. The pigeons have brought very large prices, especially Dragoons, which are being claimed for no less than £30. Antwerps are becoming exceedingly popular here. I believe the greatest sum a pair has been sold for was seven guineas. The most popular birds with us are the Brahmas. Of the two Darks carry of the palm. At the Crystal Palace show there were three hundred and fifty-five pens of Darks, and three hundred and twenty-two Lights — quite a show in themselves. There can be no doubt these are a most useful fowl, but I cannot help thinking some varieties quite as use- ful are suffering on account of the mania for Brahmas. Our splendid Dorkings do not make so good an appear- ance at our shows, and even here we have forgotten that these are quite a table fowl, and they should be judged for size now. Color has become one of the most important points in the show pen, and not so much notice is taken of the size and shortness of leg of the birds as formerly. Even in Brahmas I cannot help thinking some judges have thought far too much of the beautiful clear penciling of the hens. This season we have seen some most exquisitely pen- ciled pullets, but then they have not weighed more than six or seven pounds. Now, I consider one of the first proper- ties of Brahmas should be size ; but do not let us sacrifice this, as well as shape and leg feathering, because the bird is well marked. We do not want Brahma Bantams. The cocks have, on the other hand, improved. Never have such a number of grand birds been exhibited in one year as during the present. Nearly all the winning birds have had jet black breasts, very heavily feathered legs, and with barely a sign of yellow or brown feathers, and very large. The only fault noticeable was a slight coarseness in the comb. I do not think, taken as a whole, the Lights have shown so well this as last year. Some very fine birds have been exhibited, especially the cocks, but the hens and pullets have not been so good. Some of our fanciers a few years ago imported a number of Lights from America, but we did not admire them — they were too fiat-sided and duck-shaped, too high in the leg, and badly feathered, with a coarse, sour expression of face. These properties were entirely in oppo- sition to our insular notions of what a Light Brahma should be, and when exhibited they rarely were noticed by the judges. The American birds were larger than ours, and would be very useful for crossing to obtain size with the English birds, and I dare say some of those imported were only brought over for that purpose, but with what success I cannot say. I am very much pleased with your paper, and if my let- ter is of any interest to your readers, and you like, I will occasionally let you know what we are doing in England. Yours truly, W. J. Nichols. Laffeok Hili., London, England, June 17, 1875. SpOF^TS[Vl/\fj's DEi=;\F^T|viErJj. THE DEATH OF FAITHFUL ROVER. SIMPLY A DOG. BY I. E. DIEKENGA. The children are dreary and sad to-day, And some of them are crying; Their little long faces are wet with tears. For Rover — Old Rover — is d3'ing. They call him pet names and stroke his long hair, They whistle and chirrup together, But the kind old playmate is with them there For the last, last time, forever. He opens a moment his wistful eyes ; They see it and call him, " Rover;" A faint low whine, and he tries to rise. And then — poor fellow — it's over. And never again through the tangled wood. The bees and wild birds chasing. Shall the old dog scatter the partridge brood Or bound with the children racing. They call him again, again and again. They raise his head and shake him ; Their little hearts break, but all in vain, They never more shall wake him. No more through the copse and the underbrush Shall he leap, the hare pursuing ; No more will he bark at the tender thrush. Or bay when the storm is brewing. They will miss the old dog with his honest face, And his tail so briskly wagging. And their summer days will have lost their grace, And their daily plays go lagging. FANCIEliS' JOURNAL AND TOULTllY EXCHANGE. 443 They will miss him, away from the old hoiisndoor, And tlio yard will look droar without liim, And tlioso morriost days will como no inoro Whon tlu) children worn all about him. Whon patient and plodding ho boro thoni all With never a growl of warning ; And trod bo gently that none might fall, And guarded them night and morning ; And when the little ones sank to rest. Asleep on the grass and clover. They nestled their heads o a the shaggy breast Of faithful, dear old Kovor. And so the children arc dreary and sad. And all of them now are crying: Their little long faces are wet with tears Whore Kovor — old Rover — is lying. They make him a grave in the hillside fair, "Where they may forgid hira never ; Then cover him gently and leave him there In his peaceful rest forever. In after years, whon their hair is gray, Tho children will still remember How they buried their friiind that sad, sad day. In the beautiful month September; And marveling much why that childish love So long in their hearts has striven, Will hope they may meet — why should It not prove- Good old dog Rover in heaven. — St. Lottis Olobe Democrat. THE REEL AND THE ROD. No doubt many a reader of the Clipper in early youth failed to derive any sport from tho use of the rod in the hand of a stern parent ; but as all that is passed, and June Is here with its roses and blossoms, and the speckled trout can be decoyed by the fly from his nook in the silvery stream, I will toll him of the Beaverkill, which stretches for nearly forty miles through an almost unbroken forest, and abounds with the speckled beauties. Tho Beaverkill is tho longest trout-stream in the State of New York. It heads at Balsora Lake, in Ulster County, and sweeps for nearly forty miles through a forest of pine and maple, until it finds an outlet in the Delaware River, It never goes dry, like the moneyless toper, as it is fed by a thousand spring brooks of the purest and coldest water that dash and plunge from the mountain sides. To reach it tho most direct, take the Mary Powell steamer to Rondout, and and then the New York, Kingston and Syracuse cars to Dean's Corners ; an omnibus awaits you at the station, and will convey you to Margertsville, one mile distant. Inrjuire for Jack Scudder, who will furnish you with a conveyance at a reasonable charge, and within four hours your heart will throb to tho murmurs, and your eyes sparkle to the rip- ple of the waters of silver Beaverkill. " Where can I find a hotel ?" I asked of a flaxen-haired youth I met in the road near the stream on my arrival. "No sich a thing 'oro," he replied, scratching his head. " Todd eats folks what comes 'ere fishen." " AVhore does he live?" I asked. " 'Bout two miles up the stream," tho lad replied. " In a frame or brick house ?" I asked. " Log house, with a stone chimney on the top," he answered. That night we wore the guest of Todd, and as he made no attempt to eat us, our sleep was both sweet and refreshing. " How is tho fishing this season ?" we inquired of Mr. Todd in the morning. "Never bettor," he replied. "You see, the season has been very backward, and up to this time but few trout have been taken. Have you plenty of flies?" he asked. " Yes." " And know how to throw them?" " Cannot say." " Well, happen under the mill-dam two miles below, near sundown, if possible — some lungers there, if you can only catch them." Our success during the day was of the most gratifying na- ture. A twelve-pound basket was well filled, and we lingered for nearly two hours for the sun to decline behind tho mountains before wo made a cast under the falls of the mill-dam. " Don't throw yet — half an hour too early," said a voice as wo were about to make a cast. " Wait until it begins to darken a little." We looked around to see who was directing our movements. "Hallo, Todd, is that you?" we asked, seeing his huge form on the bank above, " Yes," he replied. " The stream is just right ; and if you hook a fish under this dam, keep cool, and have a stout lino." " What color fly is tho bait?" he asked. " Red one," he answered. " You York fellers have some fancy name for them." " A red coachman you mean, I think ?" we said. Wo fastened one. " Now, cast oflr," said Todd, " and keep cool." Our red coachman skimmed the water's surface, we raised and threw it again with all the delicacy at our command. As it touched the water, a trout darted for it and disappeared. " You have him V shouted Todd. " Give him line, and drown him. He will snap your hook or snell quicker than a jift'ej' if you undertake to haul him in. Lungers in there. Now, reel gently," said Todd; "but if he starts, give him line or you will lose him. Bet he is a lunger I" We had implicit confidence in Todd and his advice; but to keep cool was not an easy task. We obeyed, however, to the best of our ability. "Reel in again gently," said Todd, apparently fully as excited as we were. " He is getting weak, I guess — aint he?" " Yes," we replied, " ho is drowned." " He may be playing possum," said Todd. " If he starts again, give him line. A lunger fooled me once in that same hole' by playing up dead when he wasn't, and I lost him. He is dead enough now," said Todd, as we placed one hand under his body and landed him safe. "How much will he weigh, do you think?" inquired Todd. " About two pounds, more or less," I replied. " Didn't I tell you as there was lungers under this dam ?" said Todd. And honest John Todd told the truth, as the reader will find out if he ever visits tho Beaverkill, and keeps cool at twilight, while he casts a fly under that same mill-dam. — Clip- per. fl^" A tame raccoon owned by a resident of Indianapolis escaped the other night, climbed into an open window of a boarding house, and crawled into a bed where two young men were sleeping. Kvery one in the house and a good many persons from outside assembled with pokers, shovels, brooms, &c., in response to tho shriek of the aft'righted youths, and the neighbors did not find out till late the following morning whether there had been a murder, burglary or fire on the premises. 444 PANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. JTANCIERS' JJOUENAL AND IpOULTEY (j^XCHANGE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pbof. a. N. Ratjb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Nortli Ninth Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PKICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " TJ. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARniENT. OtTR FANCIES. Do we not all have our fancies ? 'Tis true they may dif- fer as widely as possible, extending from the largest of the animal kingdom to the most insignificant inanimate object. They may extend from the sublime to the ridiculous ; but, we meet them wherever we find the human family. Is it not strange, then, that we have so little patience with the fancies of others that do not exactly correspond with our own ? For instance, A's people have a parrot — talkative, noisy, and lively — and B's people cannot hear the " noisy thing," but then they have six real nice cats, much to the annoyance of A's people. Now, what is the result? Why, B's people hurl their abuse at Polly during the day, and A's hurl boot-jacks and stove-wood at Pussy on the roof at night. C thinks D extravagant for spending his time and money on his pets (the pigeons), while he (old complacency person- ified) sits in his great arm-chair building air castles through wreaths of smoke, emanating from a seventy-five dollar meerschaum. Brother Jack likes a nice horse, and can see no sense in anything else in the way of live stock, while the neighbor over the way is all for dogs, and has just secured a nice bull pup. What if he did clean out all neighbor Tom's hutches the first night he brought him home — " Kabbits are trash, only fit for girls to play with." Now, if we could only harmonize all these interests, and allow each full freedom to enjoy his own particular fancy, how charitable I Then A, who brags on his dunghills, and permits them to go where they choose, would not shoot B's pigeons for fear " they would scratch up his garden." Most of us have a fancy for some living pet, and are not satisfied until we gratify it in some way. Frequently our circum- stances exert a controlling influence, and if we cannot reach our desires, we do the next best. A friend, when a boy, was off'ered a tame black squirrel and cage, and felt elated, but the bill was vetoed by his paternal ancestor, and he was in trouble. He now sees that his little ones are well supplied in that direction, and to say that he has no interest in the various specimens of the bushy- tailed friskies about the premises, would be far from true ; so he is only making up what he lost when a boy. How easy to see the anxiety of brother fanciers to talk of their specialties, and how apt we are to be indifl^erent or im- patient until they reach our class of specials. But, the extremes of fancy, did you ever think where they led one? A friend once visited an Indian camp, in Northern Wiscon- sin, and, hearing a strange commotion back a little from the wigwams, he wandered that way, and saw a dusky maiden beating one of the canines unmercifully ; and, as he watched the proceedings, found her object was to induce said canine to furnish lacteal nourishment for a young skunk. This was her pet — extreme ! We have heard of a humming-bird so tame as to come at command from any part of a large con- servatory and sit on its mistress's finger. What a wide range this offers ! and then taste or neces- sity leads us to choose oftentimes strange pets between these extremes. CoF^F^ESfOfJOEflCE. a few notes from pete smilet. Mister Wade : Es usual, Fridy afore last, I went over tew Smith's Store (which is ther post-orfice) to git my " jernel ; " but, when I got thar, I found thet it were like ther "Irishman's flea," twant there, hut ther Parson, Deacon, Capen T., Squire B., Kurnell S., an ther rest uv ther crowd wur; an when they found out thet ther "jernel" hadn't cum they wur the most diserpointed set ov men yer ever seed. "Well, I swom," sez Capen T., " ef this haint tew bad ; here I've bin pickin tater bugs frum sunrise till sunset every day this week, an I'm burnt es brown es an Injun, and my back is all blisterd ; but I thot I'd stick it out till this arternoon, an comearoun a purpis tew hear ther 'jernel ' red." " CoDsarn ther luck," sez Squire B., " ef I'd a nown ther 'jernal' hadn't cum I'd a stade hum an finished harrowin mi corn. I left 'bout an aker an aharf stan, an turned ther ole boss out ter grass, an let ther boys go a fishen, an thot I'd hev a good restan heer ther 'jernel ' red tew." " Wall," sez ther Parson, " ' Ther best laid plans ov mice an men oftimes gang aglee.' " " I received a werry pressin invita- shun to attend a sunday-sohule pick-nick, but I pleadid other ingagements — in fact, I wantid tew hear ther 'jernel ' red es well es the rest ov you, gentlemen," sez the Kurnell ; "an, as ther 'jernel' haint cum, I'll stan treat — less take suthing." Accordinly, him an Cap. T., Squire B., an one or tew more, startid fur ther corner, an ther Parson sez : " Pete, what dew yew spose is ther reason ther 'jernel ' didn't come ? Hev you pade yer subsoripshun ? " " Yes, I hev," sez I, an I started for hum. Just afore sundown I seed ther Kurnell's little yaller, short-tailed dorg a streakin it across ther corn-field, makin a bee line fur hum, with his years down, and his tail betwixt his hind legs ; an I guest thet ther Kurnell was full of bed- bug pizen agin, an ther dorg was afeerd sumbodie wood see him, and no he belonged tew ther Kurnell. Wall, Mister Wade, ther next Pridy found us wonce more at Smith's Store (which is the post-orfice), an this time ther 'jernel ' hed cum. I ripped orf ther rapper an red ther in- dex to its contents. " Sundy in ther Backyard " (No. 3) caut my eye, an I turned to thet an red it out loud. Arter it wus dun ther Parson sez, " Wall, I'm glad tew hear thet thet ' Impious Young Breeder " shows signs ov repentin ov his evil ways." "Amen," sez ther Deacon, "he may yet reform an become a useful member ov ther community." " Wall," sez Capen T., " ef goin tew church don't dew him eny more good, er make eny more diffrens in him an it did Jake Frink, it wont amount ter much." " What dif- frens- did it make with Jalce? " axed Squire B. "Why," sez Cap., " I alius notised afore he jined church, when he went inter ther woods tew cut bean-poles on a Sunday, he kerried his axe on his sholder, but sinse he jined church, he FANCIBIJS' JOURNAL AND POULTllY EXCHANGE. 445 alius kcirrios it uiulfir his coiit." "Yas/'soz tlior I'lirson, " thor air black slioop in ovry flock, but of this ' Young Broodor ' trios lio'l git along." "Yas," sez ther Deacon, " thor's nothin like triin." " I dunno bout tliot," so/. Squire U. "Old Deacon Simpson Inrd tor milk his gees, but 1 novor lioor'd lliot his wife niiub^ (wiy more butter for all his tryin." An when I show'd em thor pieter ov them three dogs, tho Parson hoz, " Kernel!, them air i)edigrecd dogs." "Jewrusulam krickets," soz Cap. T., " haint they hansomo," an callin fur some paper ho coniposod thor follorin linos: Now y(!ru8 thnr pictur ovt', one, two, three — Okl Guoryo, old Dim, nii little I'cg'eo. "Poto," soz thor parson, "thorn dorgs hov bin 'pedigreed;' haint yew a goin' tow git yor imported birds pedigreed?" "Not till tlior A. P. A. appoints thor 'jedges,' " soz I. " Butsposen yor raiso somo nice chickens and sell them, and tho man writes for ther pedigree, what would ycr do?" "Dew!" sez I, " I'd dew as Burnham did." "How's that?" axed ther parson. " Why, did'nt yor over read Burnham's ' Hon Povor ? ' " I axed. "No," sez ho. " Well, yor orter," sez 1 ; " cum over sum day an I'l road it tow yor." " I toll yer what loss do; tho fust rainy day we'll all go over tow Pete's an hear Burnham's ' Hen Povor ' rod," soz Squire B. "Agreed," sez all hands. " Pete," sez Cap. T., " did yew over see Burnham ?" " Yes," sez I, " I seed him at thor con- vention in Now York lass July." "What kind of a foliar is he," axed ther Deacon, "smart, ain't ho?" " You can bet yer bottom dollar on that," soz I, "an tho way ho an that Bestor chap an old Rip Van Winkle talked to thorn air skil- ful standard-makers was a caushun to snakes." Yours fcclinly, Pete Smiley. boxes v. uaskets. Friend Wade : I bog leave to difi'er with your correspondent, Mr. Lamb- ing, in reference to packing eggs for hatching. I have yet to see wherein a basket possesses any advantage over a box, as regards safety in transit, or producing better results in hatching. I have shipped and received eggs packed in almost every conceivable manner, and find a box quite as convenient and much cheaper, and, ofttimes, more roadil}' procured. One of tho best results of packing and shipping eggs that has come under my observation of late, was the twenty-two Dark Brah- ma eggs received from W. H. Todd, mentioned in No. 23 of the Journal, and they wore packi'd little end down in a box ; still it is right to say that the box had a good handle made out of a hickory sapling, and also had a cushion on the bottom, at each end, made of canvas and filled with bay or straw. Now, tho fact that those eggs being packed in a box had nothing whatever to do with their hatching so satisfactorily, it simply shows that they wovo fresh and fertile, which, in my opinion, is the main point with eggs intended for hatch- ing. If eggs are fresh and are impregnated it makes not a pin's difference how they are packed, whether in boxes or baskets, big or little end down, or on their sides for that matter, for myself, I had just as soon that eggs sent to mo for hatching were packed in sand, in a box without handle or cushion, and let express agents bang them about to their hearts content. If tho eggs were fresh and fertile, I should not despair of hatching a fair proportion of chicks, if none of the shells were cracked ; even then success might bo obtained by judicious hatcliing with paper and mucilage. This I have done myself. But when the shells are smashed or come off I should give it up for a bad job. I have known eggs packed in a box along witli broknn bone and fonnlninfi nnd Kent hundreds of miles by freight-train and yet they hatched well. Kespoclfully yours, W. K. Flowkr. .SiiOKMAKHiiTOVVN, Pa., June22, 187S. AN ADVKKTI8EMENT TUAT I'AID. Mr. J. M. Wade. Dear Sir: For tlie bcnollt of those who have an idea that advertising is of no account, I give the following : since placing my advertisement in tho excliange column of tho Journal I have received one hundred and fifty-seven letters sealed and one hundred and seventeen postal cards, have made sixty-seven exchanges, and have sold stock to the amount of one hundred and twenty-seven dollars and twenty-five cents. Yours truly, etc., Tamaiju.v, Pa., July 7, 1875. JOUN F. HOUSER. Mr. Editor: Will you or one of the many subscribers to your valuable paper be kind enough to inform us how to get rid of lice on pigeons? There seems to be two different kinds of lice on our pigeons, some a bright red and others black, the latter being the most numerous, and seem to be not only on the pigeons themselves, but in tho nest and all over the coop. Wo have tried tobacco and turpentine, but neither seem to do any good. Yours, etc., N. V. K. & Bro. Williamsburg, N. Y., July 7, 1875. PIGEON race. The pigeon race of the Philadelphia Homing Pigeon Society came off from Wilmington, Del., June 2r)th (dis- tance twentj'-eight miles), with the following result : First prize won by Thomas Grist; time, 39 minutes. Sec- ond prize won by Alfred Gohr ; time, 41m. 15s. Third prize won by J. H. Fasset. PIGEON race by THE FAIRMOUNT SOCIETY. Tho pigeon race of tho above Society came off on July 5th from Valley Forge, the distance being twenty-three and a half miles. The following are the names of owners and time made by each bird : First prize won by John Kirwin ; time, 32ra. 43s. Second prize won by James Grist, 34m. 10s. Third prize won by Mr. Thomas Wetlierby, 35m. 2l3. Mr. Thomas Jones, 36ra. 45s. ; Mr. John Rostron, 38m. 2ns. ; Mr. Ed. Cogc, 38m. 30s. ; Mr. Levi Rostron, 38m. 31s. ; Mr. Fred. Wood, 41m. 10s. ; Mr. Peter Kershaw, 45m. 12s. The following gentlemen entered for the above race, but the time of arrival of their birds were not given : Mr. John Parker, Mr. Arthur Chambers, Mr. Robert Moore, Mr. Robert Lonoy, Mr. Quigley, Mr. Wm. Glad- win, Mr. McCann, Mr. John Dalton. RACE TO COME. There is also a match made between Mr. Fred. Wood and Mr. John Parker, of Philadelphia, to fly a match on July 17th, from Bombay Hook; distiince sixty-three miles; for $50 a side. T. Grist, Ex-President Philadn. HomiDg Ptgvon Society. PuiLADELfUiA, July rJ, 1S75. SaS^ When a Western politician is so utterly played out that he cannot borrow ten cents to bet on an election, he abandons the beautiful drettms of ambition and joins the innumerable army of grasshopper sufferers. 446 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. SjW/^LL pEJ DEf»y^f^TP''EfJj AKD TOTJNQ FOLK'S CORNER. OUR BOYS AND GIRLS. " We may read, and read again, and still glean something new, something to please, and something to instruct." [We clip the following from the introduction to the Technical Ghuide, published by George Parr, of Buffalo, N. Y., and to any boy would be well worth the price asked, twenty-five cents, prepaid, by mail.] " There is nothing which parents should take greater care to do than to encourage their children to obtain a knowledge of the mechanical arts and sciences. Such knowl- edge is an unfailing source of amusement and instruction. It serves to develop the constructive talents of the young, to form habits of industry, and of practical self-reliance, at the same time withdraws them from the temptations and vices to be encountered away from home. It also affords healthful exercise, and is the means of physical as well as mental culture. " Peeling an interest in all young people, we have en- deavored to arrange the Technical Guide in a methodical, simple, and popular form, and will indeed be rewarded if this book should arouse dormant talent in any of the rising generation, and lead them on gradually from the light read- ing of the present day, to the study of mechanism as set forth in this work. " Every boy should ride a ' hobby horse ' of some kind, and whilst at play — and plenty of it must be his daily right in holiday time — he ought not to forget that the cultivation of some branch of the useful arts and sciences will afford him a delightful and profitable recreation. " It will be well to remark here that bees are geometri- cians— the cells are so constructed as with the least quantity ,of material to have the largest sized spaces, and the least possible interstices; the mole is a meteorologist; the bird called the nine-killer is an arithmetician ; also the crow, the wild turkey, and some other birds ; the torpedo, the ray, and the electric eel, are electricians ; the nautilus is an nav- igator— he raises and lowers his sails, casts and weighs anchor and performs nautical feats. Whole tribes of birds are musicians ; the beaver is an architect, builder, and wood- cutter— he cuts down trees and erects houses and dams ; the marmot is a civil engineer — he does not only build houses but constructs aqueducts and drains to keep them dry ; the ant maintains a regular standing army ; wasps are paper manufacturers ; caterpillars are silk spinners ; the squirrel is a ferryman — with a chip or a piece of bark for a boat and his tail for a sail he crosses a stream. Dogs, wolves, jackals, and many others are hunters ; the black bear and heron are fishermen ; the ants day-laborers ; the monkey is a rope dancer. Shall it then be said that any boy or girl possessing the God-like attributes of mind and thought, with free will, can only eat, drink, sleep, and play, and is therefore lower in the scale of usefulness than these poor birds, beasts, fishes and insects? No, no; let 'young America' enjoy their manly sports and pastimes, but let them not forget the men- tal race they have to run with the educated of their own and other nations ; let them nourish the desire for the acqui- sition of technical knowledge — not as a mere school lesson, but as a treasure, a useful ally which may some day help them in a greater or lesser degree to fight ' the battle of life.' " CHIEF POINTS FOR A PRIZE CANARY. " He should be of one color only, a creamy yellow; the wings, tail, head of a deeper tint. He must have a crest or cap, and if the wings and tail be streaked with black, in regular wavy lines, the bird will be so much the more valu- able. The tail must contain twelve feathers, neither more nor less; the wings eighteen. The bird must be shown after the first moult." The above was one of the standards for judging canaries when canary shows first became popular in England. TRAPPING BIRDS. The bird-catchers of Prance have a curious way of trap- ping birds. A sort of tent is made of young poplars or some other straight-growing wood, and in the centre of this tent is a seat for the accommodation of the bird-catcher. This tent is now completely covered with leafy bows, among which are small openings. When the birds alight near the openings they are quickly seized by the bird-catcher, who thrusts his hands through, or a small fiap-trap is pushed through the openings, upon which the birds alight. S. H. GOLD FISH. Peed them very little, a few crumbs a day will be suflS- cient. In the winter they will need no food at all. Balls made of cracker dust and corn starch mixed are much better than bread. A dish of little black tadpoles or pollywogs, served up alive, will be a great treat to them. The tank or globe should be placed where the sunlight will strike it. On the part next to the window paste a sheet of blue tissue paper, so that the sunlight can enter no where except at the top, then the manner in which natural ponds are lighted is imitated. If plants grow in your receptacle, introduce a water snail or two to devour the green scum which would otherwise accumulate on the sides of the globe or tank. The water should be changed very seldom ; so long as it remains clear and fresh-looking do not disturb it, but when it begins to look murky change it. Presh water should be introduced by pouring it through a watering pot, this aerates it. It can also be aerated, without changing, by means of a syringe. Paul Logic. COLD WATER. A PARROT in a fit if immersed in cold water will imme- diately recover ; a canary that has fallen in a fit from its perch may be rendered conscious by the same means. Cold water is the best remedy in the world for a sick gold fish. It will, after being immersed in cold water, lie on its back for a few moments, almost exhausted by the sudden cold- ness, but in a few hours it will be swimming around the globe as lively as a cricket. Talker. Philadelphia, June 30, 1875. YouNO mocking-birds are making their appearance in the bird stores of our city, and forlorn looking birdlings they are, with their piteous chirp and their half-feathered appearance. They are selling for four to five dollars apiece. THE WOODCOCK AS A SONG BIRD. I REMARKED to my friend that the woodcock was very much of a singer. He smiled incredulously. " Yes, and so is your grandmother." "My dear sir," I said, "I would FANCIRRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 447 havo ymi understand tlint my ruspoctod grtindniuthor ivus a good singor ; whether she in now or not of course 1 cannot tell — still wo hope." My friend replied, " Your remark is not at all relevant." I repeat it, sir; iho woodcock is to bo classed among the singing birds, with as marked a song as the English lark, and in some respects similar. You doubt it? I havo seen the satno smile so many times before that I think it worth while to state it hero as a fact not generally known. Wo all know his twitter, and a very lively twitter it is, especially in the autumn, when white- fronted, in full vigor, and in full feather, hogets up and "gits," dashing away over the tree tops fur a flight of half a mile with the speed of a telegraphic disi)atch. In the spring, if you flush him, he will give you the same twitter; but when un- disturbed he has still something to say. Anytime in the spring, just after dark, if the evening be warm, and later, if it bo moonlight; also in the morning, from throe o'clock until daylight, if you will go quietly upon the grounds where woodcock are breeding you will before long hear a quaank (sound of a as in crank) at intervals of a few minutes. This is the note of the cock bird, and I suppose (but this 1 do not know) that he is now, with tail spread, strutting around madam. This sound can be heard, I should think, forty rods or more. I have noticed that it is generally nearer than one would suppose. This may be repeated ten or twelve times; then, if you are near enough, and it is not too dark, you may see him as he rises at an angle of about sixty degrees, commencing as he leaves the ground with a chip, chip, cliip; this note continuing, and repeated faster and faster until apparently he has reached the summit of his flight ; then cheedle, choedlo, cheedle, tweedle, tweodle, tweodlo, running on to the finale with a geneefl(l twist and twirl of ditJ'orent notes which I am utterly unable to express. He then pitches back and alights upon the same spot from whence ho rose, and again you hear the quaank, to be followed after a short time by another flight. The song is nearly a minute in length, and reminds one of the song sparrow, and yet is very unlike it. The notes are not of much volume, yet very distinct, and the changes, especially at the finale, very rapid and decided — none of the coarse vulgarity of the bobolink, but elegant and refined, as become the first-class game bird. My friend still smiles. I feel very much like quoting Shakspeare at him : "A man may smile and smile, and be a villain all the while." That is a fact and the other also, as sure as you are alive. — Ali- QUis, (7» Poresi and SIrcani. S^^ A lady, not far from Pittville, while engaged in the pursuit of her domestic duties, recently, encountered a mouse in the flour barrel. Now, most ladies under similar cir- cumstances would have uttered a few feminine shrieks, and then sought safety in the garret ; but this one possessed more than the ordinary degree of female courage. She summoned the hired man and told him to get the shot-gun, call the bull dog, and station himself at a convenient distance. Then sbo climbed half way up stairs and commenced to punch the flour barrel vigorously with a pole. Presently the mouse made its appearance, and started across the floor. The bull-dog at once went in pursuit ; the man fired and the dog dropped dead ; the lady fainted and fell down the stairs; and the hired man, thinking she was killed, and fearing that he would be arrested for murder, lit out, and has not boon seen since. The mouse escaped. JB^'SvMrATiiKTK; Foxes. — JoehuB Soule of No. '2 Plan- tation, Mo., set a trap last fall and forgot it until this spring when he found a live fox in it, and scattered around thirty- four full grown flold mice, which had evidently been brought to the captive by brother foxes. SiS?" The Museum at Geneva has just come into possession of a set of Roman kitchen utensils, found in a field near Martigny, having bien probably buried on account of some sudden alarm. Thrru arc thirty articles, mostly in bronze, some of them elaborately worked, reminding one of the beautiful shape and ornamentation of Pomjieiian ves.sels. The shovel and pot-hanger do not diflcr much from modern articles, and there is an earthen mould shaped like a shell, several plates in various sizes, a saucepan with the bottom worn away, a large boiler, a funnel, two ladles, a stew-pan and vases, or ewer, with two handles, one of which bears the representation of two gladiators, and apparently awarded as a prize. There are also two silver ornaments, seemingly of later date, and believed by Dr. Gosse, the curator, to have been used in Christian worship. He attributes the find to the third century. Three bronze coins were discovered in the same spot, two of them bearing the eflBgy of Augustus and the third that of Antonius. ADVERTISEMENTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, win be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. TUE FOLLOWING DISCOUNTS WILL BE MADE ON PBOMIT PAYMENTS. For three months, 12J^ per cent, discount. " six months 25 " " " nine months SV/i " " " twelve moiilhs 50 " " CHANGED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the abeve heavy discounts will not be made. Excbangres limited to 4S words, and must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. ;W Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office bj the Monday morning mail, otherwise they areliable to be leftover. Nonpareil Measurement. Cottnt your lines btj thu nile,from line to line. Excfjy\MqEs. tS" Advertisements in this Coi.imn, of Five Lines, or Foktt Eight Words, describing and offebihg for exctaanire onljf WILL SB allowed AT SS CENTS FOB EACH AND EVERT INSEBTION. FRED. H. ANTHONY, Hornellsville, N. Y., has to exchange chicks, Partridge Cochin fowls or Cochins— for three pairs of B. B. Red Gauus, one pair of Dcrbys, one pair of White Leghorns, one ButT Cochin hen ; all one and two year old fowls. Box S6, Tama<|ua, Pa., will exchange one trio and one pair Game fowls for same number of Hark Brahraas or Partridge Cochin pulleta, lloudaus or Faucy pigeons. What offers? WARREN BECK. York Pa., will exchange the following odd and mated pigeons; one male Black Tumbler, one male Hit;hdver, two male Black Priests, two pair Red Mottled Tumblers, one Red 'Mottled Fantail cock, one pair Plack Mottled Tumblers, one Yellow, one Mottled Trumpeter cock, and one Plack Trumpeter cock— for Rtd Birds, Mock- ing Binls, ami other song birds. Fancy (wuliry, or bird cages; must bo good : or will accept a goo*l small Breech-loader, and other property. Make your otfers. V. M. JEPRON, Webster, Mass. will exchange one pair Blae Pouters, pair Red Bart>s. White Carrier, Calcutta Fantail. Blue Pouter, two Rett Barb cocks, and Blue-winged Turbit hen — for pigeons; would like a Red Starling Quaker hen with bared wings, and Red Barb hen. 448 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. AIiFRED A. BEROW, Lock 702,Watertown. N. Y., will exchange Steel Spurs fur (iaiae fowls, Game Bantams, or Fancy Pigeons; good birds only wanted. J. BERST, Jr., Erie, Pa., will exchange Black and White Cochins, "W. H. Todd stock, for White Pile Game Bantam, and White-Crested Poland, Young birds wanted; my birds are choice, the same are wanted. G£0. W. BIXON, Box 188, Worcester, Mass., will exchange a Lop- eared buck ( broken color), earage 20 x 4}^, bred by Samuel Robinson, York, England, imported last September, a fine stock getter; two Lop-eared does (broken and self-color), and two pairs of Himalayan Rabbits — for Black CochiDs. "WARREN BECfi, York, Pa., will exchange either of the follow- ing odd pigeons for a standard male Yellow Cap Magpie — one Mottled or Black Trumpeter cock ; and one pair of Canaries for any other property. Make your offers. R. McjKIIjIjAX, Gait, Ontario, Canada, will exchange one trio of Light Brahmas. hatched March, IS7o, and bred by W. H. Todd, Vermil- lion, Ohio ; fine birds, cost S25. What offers? R. SfcJKILiIiAX, Gait, Ontario, Canada, will exchange one trio of Partridge Cochins, hatched May, 1874, from eggs imported from H. Bel- don, England. What offers? B. 9Ic3[IIjIiAX, Gait, Ontario, Canada, will exchange two English Blackbirds, and one English Thrush, imported in May last. Also, a fine Green Parrot, just beginning to talk. What offers? R. SIcSIILIjAN, Gait, Ontario, Canada, will exchange a fine Accor- deou, value S12, almost new — this, or any of the above will be exchanged for Fancy pigeons, or offers. FANCIER, Box 535, New Haven, Conn., will exchange a fine pair of 1874 hatch Light Brahmas, for a good copy Webster's Illustrated Dic- tionary, or a fine Field Glass. O. BC. GOODRICH, Toledo, Iowa, wants a prize trio of AVhite Cochins in exchange for a fine Setter bitch, two years old, very hand- some and well-bred. li. J. NEWHARD, Allentown, Pa., will exchange his entire stock of White Leghorns (Smith and Pitkin's strain) for Partridge Cochins or Light Brahmas. Also, one good solid White Pouter hen, for Blue or Yellow-winged Turbits, or Bald-head Tumblers. They must be good as mine are. JOHN S. MOORE, 60 Jewet Street, Providence, R. I., has for ex- change a good double-barreled Shot-gun (nearly new, cost S2-5), twist bar- rels, London make, for a pair of good Lop-eared rabbits ; ears must not be under 19 or 20 inches long. F. H. SCHWARTZ, Bernville, Pa., will exchange one extra fine, large, tame Black Squirrel, in a large size Osborn cage, costing about SiO — for Pouters. What other offers? Wm-t ED. S. HARRY KNOX, 155 Front Street, Hamilton Square Poultry Yards, Worcester, ifass., wants a large Dark Blue or Slate colored Game cock, with dark legs, in exchange for Fancy fowls. W. B. COCHRAN, 112 N. Eutaw St., Baltimore, Md., wants a White Owl (hen), must be A-No.-l in all respects. BOX 46, Hartford, Conn., wants first-class Yellow, and Red Nuns' Give price, Including express charges and boxing. FOR SAEE.— One first-class Ked Pied Pouter cock, extra good blower, long legs, heavy booted, early spring hatch. Address PETER LEPP, P.O. box 833, East Saginaw, Mich. FOR SAEE.— One pair Blue and one pair Silver Swallows, five pairs White Fantails. two pairs Black Priests, two pairs Starling Priests, one pair Red Jacobins, one pair Mottled Tumblers, one pair Red Pied Pou- ters, one pair Pouters, hen yellow, cock silver, two Black Mottled Trum- peter Hens, and one Red Barb cock. Prices low. W. J. EVENDEN, WilUarasport, Pa. ^ ^ s S ft3 Ci.; XOBBfG MAI/E Mocking Birds, So each; Green Mexican Parrots, good talkers, $2o each. J. C. LONG, Jr., 39 North Ninth St., Philadelphia, Pa. THOS. ». ADAMS, Franklin, Pa., has for sale Light and Dark Brahmas and Black Cochins. WILLIAM ATWOOD, BIG FLATS, N. Y., IS MAKING A SPECIALTY OF EIGHT and BARK BRAHMAS, PEKI?r BUCKS and ANTWERP PIGEONS. Having twenty-two pens in all, it enables h to handle stock with a view of breeding to th greatest perfection ; he has spared no pains t get the best to be had. Setters and Spaniels! I HAVE FOK SALE SOME VERY CHOICE PUPS OF BOTH Gentlemen desiring a dog — one that will prove only a pleasure to train — are requested to write to me. I can refer to parties who have purchased of me, all speaking in high terms of theirdogs, and I feel warranted in saying, that for beauty and courage, together with a mild disposition and a splendid nose, they are excelled by none. E. E. PUEEPS, Box 1166, Auburn, N. Y. UXCHAJVGE GIGAJVTICI UJ^PABALLELED ! XE VEB to be BE A TEJ^ OFFEB ! As I am about embarking in the publishing business and finding that my literary enterprises require all my time, I am forced to dispose of my large and beautiful collection of Rabbits, and offer, without reserve, my entire stock of young and old animals, imported and home-bred ; being one of the largest and best collections in this part of the country. I will exchange all, or a part of them, for printing presses, type, or printing material ; or will sell outright for SlOO, which is not half what they cost me. Make me an oflFer, of anything you please! They must be sold, and will go to the one who offers most. AVho shall it be? Also, for exchange, one pair of pure-bred kittens from my pair of im- ported Persian Tiger cats. Warranted good raiiers. Address, immediately THE CREEK-VIEW RABBITRY, Mattituck, Suffolk Co., N. Y. ALBERT GOEBEL, Mitchell, Ontario, Canada Will have a good many first-class Pigeons to dispose of the coming fall. Any one wishing to get good birds, of most of the leading varieties, at reasonable prices, will do well to make an early application. FOR SAEE. — One pair of White Pouters, very heavily booted, good blowers, price, S3.o0 ; one pair jet Black Trumpeters, fine birds, price, S4; one pair Black Swallows, booted and perfectly marked, S3.50 ; one Magpie cock, capped, fine bird, Sl.oO; one pair Pouters, female mostly red, male mostly white with some red, well-booted, S2. These are all breeding birds with exception of last pair of Pouters. I will send the lot to anyone on receipt of S13. Birds warranted as represented. Address JOS. H. KRAFT, P.O. Bos 426, New Albany, Ind. IMPORTED PARTRIDGE COCHINS. For sale, one pair very fine Partridge Cochins, bred by Henry Feast, and winners of cup and two 1st premiums in England. For further in- formation inquire of JOHN A. LORD, Kennebunk, Me. A XOUNG Grey African Parrot, with Crimson tail, sent to any ac dress on receipt of S12. J. C. LONG, Jk., 39 North Ninth St., Philadelphia, Pa. EBEUr P. BAY, HAZLETON, LUZERNE CO., PA,, breeder and dealer in fancy Poultry and Pigeons, Ornamental and Song Birds, Bird Cages, Florist's Articles, Aquaria, Gold Fish, &c., &c. Lop Eared, Himalayan, and Angora Rabbits. Guinea Pigs, Dogs, and Ferrets, and Pet stock of every description. Address E. P. DAY. RARBIT BOOK FOR THE SIANT. Containing the HISTORY OF THE R.iBBIT from the earliest times Descriptions with illustrations of all the show and fancy varieties, and full directions for their selection, breeding, and management; the treat- ment of their diseases, and the construction of their dwellings. Sent post-paid on receipt of 30 cents. Address JOS. M. WADE, 39 North Ninth St., PhUadelphia, Pa. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTBY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, JULY 22, 1875. No. 29. PodLjF^Y DEf/^f^TIVENT- THE EGYPTIAN GOOSE. UscTOvaaviwinv, In writing of this goose, Bementsnys: "This bird belongs to a different genus from any other goose. Martin observes that it constitutes one of the links between the Anatirlre and Galatores, or waders. Its size is loss than the common goose, and it is chiotly kept on account of the beauty of its plumage and its singular habits. Its Groek name, Clienolopcx, sig- nifies fox-goose, indicative of its resemblance to the fox in cunning and vigilance." The Egyptian goose is abundant along the banks of the Nile, and is distributed over the continent of Africa gener- ally. It also visits the southern .'ihoros of Europe, and is not uncommonly seen in Sicily. According to Temminck it was this species which was hold in veneration by the ancient Egyptians, and of which figures are frequently observed among the monumental remains of that extraordinary nation. The ancients regarded the eggs of this species as second in flavor only to those of the Pea- fowl. The Egyptian goose is often kept, because of its beauty, in a somi-domegiicatcd state, on ornamental sheets of water, both in England and on the Continent, and in that condition it breeds freely; hence it happens that the young, when fledged, often take wing, and wandering about on rivers or lakes, are shot; a circumstance, as Mr. Gould observes, which occurs yearly. The habits of this goose closely resemble those of the rest of the tribe. The bill is long, slender, nearlj- straight, and rounded at the tip ; the upper mandible is slightly curved, and the nail hooked. The tarsi are elongated; the neck is long and slender ; the general contour compact. Mr. John Giles, of Woodstock, Connecticut, who had some of these geese, which he imported, says : " Among the truly ornamental, the Egyptian goose stands first. They are a part of the hieroglyphics of the Egyptians, a favorite article of food for the jiriests, and their eggs are considered of delicious flavor. They are hardy, and easy to raise ; sel- dom laying over seven eggs at a time. Three broods can be brought oflT in one season, by setting their first and second laying under a hen. They are very pugnacious over their nest and young, and woe be to the intruder. "The plumage of the Egyptian goose is most beautiful; the base of the bill and the space surrounding the eyes is a chestnut-brown; cheeks, crown, chin and throat yellowish- white. The neck is yellowish-brown, paler on the fore part, and on the back reddi.'^h-brown ; the upper part of the back, the breast, and Hank, pale yellowish-brown, minutely waved with a darker tint ; the centre of the breast and belly nearly white, with a dark patch (a horse-shoe) of chestnut-brown, where the parts may be said to join ; vent and under-tail coverts, buflf orange ; the lower back, rump, upper-tail coverts, and tail, black ; wings as far as the greater coverts, pure white, the latter having a deep black bar near their tips; the wing-feathers or tertials, chestnut-red, with grayish- brown color on the inner webs; secondaries, black at the tips, and with the outer webs a brilliant varying green. " They are a rare bird, hard to be obtained, but wbcn obtained, are easily kept. Their weight is about twelve pounds per pair." It is a most stately and rich bird, reminding one of the solemn antiquity of the Nile, with its gorgeous mantle of golden hues and its long history. They arc very prolific, bringing oft' three broods a year, from eight to twelve each time; their weight is about five to six pounds each. [Mr. William Simpson, Jr., 27 Chatham St., New York, imported several pairs of these birds. Mr. Simpson informs us that a good many of the descendants of his birds can bo found in and about Bulfalo, N. Y. They have proved quite hardy, and by having a suitable pond for them, can be bred as well as any goose. They lay from five to seven eggs at a clutch, and by sotting the first laying under a hon, they will lay a second time. If any of the Buffalo fanciers can give us further information about this interesting member of the goose family, it will give us pleasure to lay it beforo our readers. — Ei>.] 454 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. A POLITICAL EDITOR AMONG THE CHICKENS. AT NEWBURYPOKT, MASS. If we should talk of Rolfe's lane, the old people of the South end would understand us; and more would know what we refer to, if we should speak of South Green street ; but we almost lost ourselves, this week, among the new houses and new names of streets at the Upper Green, which is now bounded on one side by Hanover street, perhaps be- cause the village school-house is made to represent Dart- mouth college ; and on the other by High street, which was the Kidge road before the Dames, the Adamses, the Woods, the Perkinses, the Lunts, and the Littles, built their fine residences along it. We were in search of Ocean avenue, which is also a new creation, quite different from what it was when we were a boy and stole apples there — when " Sexton " Short lived in the brick-ended house at the head, and Squire Pettingell in the white house at the foot; and between were only the Little and Eolfe houses, the latter to be seen no more, while now this Ocean avenue is not only a populous street, but elegant mansions with broad gardens skirt it on either side. Thither we went to see the hens, ducks, and geese of Gen. Johnson — to say nothing of other fancy and useful birds — parrots, canaries, mocking-birds, English sparrows, peacocks, etc., that do there abound. General Johnson's "domestic" fowls are unsurpassed by any in the United States, and if anybody has the "hen fever " there is the chance to increase it. Of hens he has 117 Dark and Light Brahmas, and 185 chickens, with others to come by the due processes of na- ture. The Brahmas are his favorites, though he has a few Prench fowls, which he esteems, and lots of the Bantams, which he counts, as they are, little. Of Asiatic fowls we do not suppose the world affords better specimens. They have been grown with much care — the few selected from the many, and are all large, fine birds, several of them weighing from 15 to 17 pounds — as large as our heaviest New England turkeys. They are sure to take the first prizes at all the fairs where they are exhibited. When Gen. Johnson's coops are there, the rest are nowhere. A single crower, last year, won $75 and two silver medals, as prizes ; and for him and two others, he has been offered $100 apiece. He has sold many hens at $10, and never sells one less ; and on the reputation of his Brahmas he sells eggs at $6 per dozen. To preserve the purity of his fowls and improve, his stock, he has ten large breeding pens; and in all his hennery ex- tends over three acres of land, while the fowls have a range of eight acres. The houses are large, airy, light, lathed, plastered, white-washed, provided with every convenience, and kept in the neatest manner. The only lack seems to be mirrors, that the pullets might see to smooth down their feathers and arrange their comhs, when the roosters call them from their morning slumbers ; but as the water in jars is clear, it may be they admire their faces in its sunny sur- face, as the first woman was doing when the " old man " found her in his garden, braiding the lilies, smilax and June roses in her auburn locks. But apart from this little defi- ciency Gen. Johnson's hennery is all that one could desire, arranged regardless of cost ; and on a strict account he de- clares it a paying institution. If it were otherwise, when he takes pride therein, and derives pleasure therefrom, why consider profit more than in your hat or dinner ; man cannot live by bread alone ! and to him who delights in it, the sat- isfaction of having the best hennery in the country must pay. On the opposite side of the road is a large field devoted to ducks and geese. The grass is abundant for their feed ; little clumps of evergreens are their shelter ; a beautiful pond of two acres, abounding in gold and other fishes, is their bathing tub, where they sport and breakfast on " shiners ;" and in the middle thereof is a picturesque island, rock-bound and wooded, on which are their houses. William Wirt drew a romantic picture of Blennerhassett's island-home in the Ohio ; and if we were an artist and a poet combined, we would sketch this. Enough that it is charming; but more charming are the Aylesbury ducks and Bremen geese. The former, which is the best variety that supplies the London market, were imported by Gen. Johnson. They are very large, almost gross-like, and very handsome. The geese are Bremen, also imported, and the largest on this continent. One pair, five years old, weighs 53 pounds, and they may be excelled by a younger pair of last year, not yet come to maturity. The largest geese in the world, the only ones larger than these, are in England, weighing 57 pounds; none heavier were ever known. These birds are so tenderly cared for that they might well think, as Pope has it, " that man is for their use and service." We do not believe that those whose cackling saved Rome were half so majestic. With them is a flock of wild geese, as with the Aylesbury ducks, are some pretty wood ducks, such as abound in the southern rivers. They are very shy but the dog calls them, as the serpent draws the charmed swallows circling over its nest in the rocks. Nowhere else have we ever seen birds that would compare with these, whether ducks or geese. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE EGG BUSINESS AND ITS PERPLEXITIES. There seems to be a class of men, who, when about enter- ing the ranks of poultry fanciers, entertain the idea that the easiest, cheapest, and best way to get their first flock is to buy eggs, reasoning thusly : "All I have got to do is to pur- chase a dozen eggs, throw them under a hen, and in due course of time I will have a dozen chickens, which will probably all be pullets, but one, and that will be a rooster, and all of them will come up to that — what do j'ou call it ? — standard, providing I purchase the eggs of a fancier." Now, this class of " greeneys " are the worst drawback to the pro- fessional fancier that he has. They create more perplexities and do him more damage than all the rats, cats, hawks, foxes, and hen lice ever borne into this world of trouble. While I am writing this I have before me a pile of letters about six inches high, all from just this class of men. One of them is from a man in Ohio, who wrote me early in the spring for a sitting of White Muscovy duck eggs, saying, " I have bred White Muscovy ducks for a number of years, and know all about them, and if you do not send me good stock I will know it when they hatch." Well, the eggs were duly shipped ; but, thinking he " knew all about them," I neglected to tell him that Muscovy ducks did not hatch under five weeks. The answer came in a few days that " The eggs arrived all safe — not one broken or cracked even " — and a little over three weeks later I received another communication from him, saying, "The eggs were a fraud. The hen set carefully three weeks and three days ; and, as there was not one ' pipped ' even, I broke them, and they all had partly-formed ducks in them. You sent me eggs that FANCIIUIS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 455 Imil Ihih sat on, and 1 will expose you in all tho poultry papers if you do not remit tho money sent." Another l(3ttBr is from a man in Bristol, Pa., who sent for lllack Hamburg eggs. They were shipped, and ho wrote to nio in a few days, saying, " Tlioy arrived all right; indeed, I cannot see how tlioy could liiive done otherwise, from tho careful manner in which they wore packed," and a month after ho wrote sotting me down as a humbug, because the IJlack Hamburg chickens had white down on their throats and breasts— saying that there was not a puro lilack Ham- burg among them. I wrote advising him to subscribe for tho Jdurnal, and to study it until ho learned that all black Ibwls havo white on their throats, breasts, and bellies when liatched, which disappear as they feather out. Another letter is from a man in Now Jersey, who wrote mo in great anxiety, saying, "Several of the chickens hatched out of your eggs are affected with a disease which 1 never saw before — namely, their eyes are closed so that they cannot see out of them. They are not swollen, but appear to be glued together. Some of them have but one eye so aflected. Those that aro not allbcted eat good, and they all look well. I think it must be a disease hereditary with your stock, as I never saw it before. What shall I do for them 7 Will they die? Answer immediately." And yet another letter is from a man in Missouri, who says, " You and your White Leghorn eggs are a precious humbug. I hatched eleven chickens from the dozen, and two of them aro brownish colored, with feathered logs, and four 'of thorn are black and white." By communicating with him I learned that tho hen was sot where other hens had free access to her; and, as he said himself, "They hatched very uneven, tho last chicken coming out nearly four weeks after tho hen was set." Comment in this case is unnecessary. Another man, at Bay Shore, N. Y., writes: "From the dozen Brahma eggs which you sent me I have not hatched a single chicken. What is tlie matter with them?" In writing to him upon the subject, I remarked in my blunt way, that tlie devil seemed to be in the eggs this season, as there was complaints from all parts of the country of their hatching bad, etc. He wrote back: " The devil was not in the eggs, or my hen would have hatched him out — the trouble is all in your poor stock." If this is true, he has made one of the most important discoveries of the age — a discovery which heralds complete suece.s,^ to every fancier in tho land. Hereafter all the chickens are to be good ones, as tho poor stock will not hatch. I had always thought the rule was just the other way — that tho poor stock was most likely to hatch, and more likely to live and thrive when hatched, meeting with less accidents, etc. But, I am pleased to fin 3 my mistake (?) Now, this class of men aro a great hin- drance and drawback to the professional lu-ecdcr. For in- stance, the man noted above in regard to tho Black Ham- burg oggs no doubt told all his friends and neighbors that ho had been sadly " taken in " on his fancy eggs, and they all set me down immediately as a rascal ; and, after writing to mo, making inquiries and linding out his mistake, he has not taken the trouble to explain the facts to these friends of his. Oh, no, that would expose his ignorance, and it would not bo human nature to do that. And so the matter stands. 1 havo about come to the con- clusion that selling fancy eggs to others than scientific breeders does not pay. So say you all, gentlemen. W. F. Hallock. DAMAGES BY NEIGHBORS' FOWLS. TiiKiin aro fitw things which make more trouble between neighbors than tho incursion of pigeons, chickens, or lome other creatures into grounds where they arc dcBtructivc and not desirable. Of course people who havo to live side by sido together, aro much in the condition of married peo- ple, who have to give and take, as the saying is, if they ex- pect to get along comfortably, iluch annoyance is often endured in this way, and very often to the extent of one party feeling that he has to do all tho taking, while the giv- ing all comes from tho other side. In all annoyances of this kind it requires a good deal of cool command of one's self to get along well, and much may be done by the aggrieved parly doing something him- self to keep out intruders, when that something does not cost too much time and labor to do. Attempts at coer- cion, or anything that may create bad feelings are not wise as a rule, and not till all kinder methods fail. It is well, however, for all to understand what is the rights of parties in these cases as the law understands it. There is a general impression that the keeper of a drove of fowls or a flock of pigeons has no responsibility in regard to keeping these annoyances from his neighbors. If he has a good four-railed fence, such as would keep a horse or cow from breaking through, he thinks in many cases he is relieved from all other care as to what other things may go ; and he contends that it is tho neighbor who is to keep out tho visitors if their presence be undesirable to him. But this is not so. We havo now before us the report of a case sent to court in order to test this very thing. One neighbor had a taste for flowers and prided himself consider- ably on his garden. The other neighbor loved fowls, and kept a numerous lloek of them. The fowls loved flowers also, and made frequent visits to the neighbor's beds. The fowl-owner was repeatedly appealed to ; but he always fell back on what he considered his rights — which were, he thought that the neighbor who objected to tho chickens should put up a fence sufiicient to keep the fowls out. But the decision was adverse to any supposed right, and he had to pay a good sum for flowers destroyed, time charged in driving chickens out, and in watching the beds, and n large number of similar items, besides the costs of the whole suit. This was a civil suit for damages only ; but the case could be made to assume a still more serious aspect in a charge of keeping a nuisance, and in various other ways a man might come to grief who indulged the pastime of permitting his feathered flocks to graze on another's pasture. It is a very common thing for one who is in most matters honest and correct, to allow his feathered stock to wander over his neighbors grounds. Sometimes it is thoughtless- ness and he might not permit it if he had an idea how sorely his neis^hbor felt about it ; but generally we believe it arises from this very feeling of right — that it is tho right of the opposite party to keep tbom out, and not his to keep them at home; and it is in view of this feeling that we thought the decision referred to worth prominent comment. — Qer^ mantown Tdcgi-aph. (For Fanciers' Journal.) MORE ABOUT DISAPPOINTMENTS. A FAIR portion of tlio interest and excitement incident to the breeding of blooded stock of all kinds, and particularly fancy poultry and pigeons, arises from tho uncertainty of uniformity of markings likely to be presented by even the 456 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. best breeding pens. So far as is known, no fowl yet pro- duced has scored a hundred points, except, possibly, Schnei- der's Light Brahmas or some of those fifteen hundred Brown Leghorns of the only white ear-lobe strain in the world ; but outside of these the very best specimens are considered as doing something extraordinary when they reach ninety- five or ninety-six points. Perfection in all characteristics is not to be expected. But a week or two ago the writer read a communication of some western breeder who could scarcely find words severe enough to express his contempt of Plymouth Kocks. Evidently, he expected what no one has ever yet seen in any variety of fowls, namely : Uniformity of mark- ings in every respect. Such a person would expect every Leghorn to be hatched with exactly _/tDe comb-points, while, in reality, the five-point comb will present itself in less than fifty per cent, of the Leghorns bred. The man who expects the Plymouth Eooks to be entirely free from throwing, now and then, a black chick, or possibly, a feather-legged one, no matter how free from these faults the old birds may be, will be surely disappointed, but disappointed mainly because of his ignorance of the laws of reversion governing every variety. The same disappointments are liable to arise in the case of Buff Cochins, Black Cochins, Black Leghorns, and indeed, in a measure, every other variety of fowl. The writer has bred Black Cochins from some of the best attainable stock in the country, but do the best he could so many disappoint- ments arose, in the way of white specks in the pullets, and now and then a brassy feather in the saddle of the cock, that he gave them up. So, also, he has found disappointments of the same kind arising in the breeding of Black Leghorns, but finding them to possess such excellence in an economic view, he has continued to breed them the present season with more satisfactory results than heretofore, though still with occasional faults in the matter of color, not more serious on the whole, however, than those of most other varieties. Not alone are these disappointments incident to the poultry fancy, they are greater in many respects in the pigeon fancy ; indeed, this is one of the difficulties with which the ■ pigeon fancier has to contend, and one reason why first-class specimens are so high in price. Somehow those foul feathers will come just where you do not want them, however careful you may be in mating the parent stock. This is particularly true in the breeding of what are known as Toys. There are very many beautiful Magpies, Helmets, and Swallows, but the birds which even approach perfection are the ex- ception instead of the rule. To the beginner in the fancy, therefore, we say, do not expect perfect specimens ; breed from what you know to be pure stock ; buy of men whose reputation and pedigree are good, whether their stock has a pedigree or not ; do your best to produce good stock ; weed out the poorest, and do not be disheartened by disappoint- ments. These will come, but when they do come, do not be too ready to blame and censure those who may prove not to be responsible. A. N. Kaub. (For Fanciers' Journal.) GOSSIPIONNA. Pkiend Wade : I confess that I have not been as prompt in replying to your very kind note as I should have been, but a chain of circumstances bound me to certain duties, now performed. Tour sharp shot aimed at me fell short of the mark, as I do not indulge much in pedigree stock. As far as investing in many modern clap-traps, I can truly "spout," with a Shakspearian scholar of African 'scent, " I'se a looker on at dem marks." A friend of mine invested his "pile" in " pedigree stock," and I was of the opinion that he had met a stranger and was taken in. I merely ventured an opinion on his purchase, awaiting further " devil-upments." Another friend purchased a trio from the same party with no better results. I lately walked eight miles to see some of the offspring of his purchase, and found any number of Light Brahmas with single combs. I have not lived long enough to see the scriptures verified as far as the human family is concerned, but in poultry I have now seen " that the iniquities of the father are visited unto the children, even unto the third or fourth generation." My friend upon writing to this pedigree man received the consolation, that this little departure from the standard could be traced back to the "silver cup" cock of 1868. "What consolation ! Pedigrees show where the trouble comes from, but will not breed good chicks. But enough of this, I hold to my original proposition — the pedigree of the man, not of his birds. "HEBBDITE." I infer from the witticisms of many of your correspond- ents, offered at the presumed expense of Dr. Bailey, that they do not believe in the transmission of departures from the specific types of animals. I could furnish you with a volume of facts that I have collected in connection with my teaching of natural sciences, during the last fifteen years. A single one must suffice for the present, more hereafter if needed. John Cadwell, of Germantown, Pa., some eight or ten years ago, bred poodles ; by some means, frost I think, one of the pups lost his tail ; the bitch nursed this unfortu- nate (or rather fortunate to Mr. Cadwell) pup, and the next litter she threw amongst others a bitch pup devoid of tail. In course of time Mr. Cadwell bred the tailless pair, in-and- in, and from them reared a strain of tailless poodles, that readily sold at $20 each, before they even reached "the happy land of canine." There will be no trouble for your doubting Thomases, of Philadelphia, to convince themselves of the truth of the above. I can present an unbroken chain of evidence of the truth of heredite, through the brute creation up to and in- cluding man. HEAVY TVEIQHT. You truly say that the weight of the pair of Light Brah- ma chicks, reported in the last Journal, is unprecedented. I have some Black Cochin chicks, hatched April 7th, that surpass any that I ever saw, and which many poultry fanciers have pronounced ' ' young ostriches, ' ' being possessed of immense frames. I weighed a pair out of mere curiosity, and found them to weigh 2 lbs. 14 oz. and 2 lbs. 12 oz., or 5 lbs. 10 oz. per pair. Mr. Upham, I think, can carry the butcher knife for heavy weight of chicks. POOR HATCH. I think there is no trouble to assign one cause, at least, for poor hatching. Of late, many poultry breeders have been feeding largely of ground bone. This imparts a tena- city to the shell that is not natural. In a state of nature birds do not find ground bone. The bone material they obtain is mostly the shells or hard wings of beetles, etc. The bone system of the chick ij formed in part from the albumen or " white " of the egg. This, of course, is devoid of the phosphatic constituents of bone, which are obtained FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 457 from tho inner surfaco of llic ogf;-sholl, i.e., tlio shell become.? thinner ami wonUcr, so tliat tho chick can eventually " chip " it. Tho microsoopo reveals tho change in a hatched shell very readily ; tho micromotor proves tho absorption of tho inner surface. Those changes do not readily take placo when ground bone is frooly fed. Chicks are as readily formed in the ogg, but thoy have not sufficient strength of beak to chip the tenacious shell. YoiiK, Pa., .July 12, 1875. Sam. (For Fanciers' .TourDal.) A MERITORIOUS CROSS. Editor Pancieus' Journai, : A little incident in tho way of crossing fowls came under my notice this season, which I deem of sufficiont importance to chronicle in tho Journal. An acquaintance procured (from whence it matters not) a trio of Duekwing Game fowls. Shortly after thoir arrival, tho cock was taken sick, and remained in that condition for several weeks, paying no attention to his mates. Their owner, despairing of breeding anything from them, turned them loose upon his lawn, in company with a splendid Dark Brahina cockerel. Soon after one of the hens was missing, and, after a lapse of three weeks, reappeared with a brood of thirteen fine, healthy chicks from thirteen eggs. My attention was called to them when they were probably three or four days old, and, except that they wore scantily feathered on tho legs and toes, they bore a striking resomblanoe to full-blood, or thorough-brod Dark Brahma chicks ; and it would have required a critical examination to detect tho difference. These chicks are now about four or five weeks old, are nearly fledged, and larger than quails, and have every appearance of making strong and vigorous fowls. Their owner proposes to keep tho pullets for laying, but will not have thorn "pedigreed." If thoy prove as good as ho an- ticipates, you may hear from them again. "W. E. Flower. (For Fanciers' .Tournal.) PATIENCE AND PERSEVERANCE. If any business requires patience and perseverance it is breeding fancy poultry. It is easy to sit down and in imagination raise a fine flock of chickens — much easier than it is to do it. No business requires such constant care as raising chickens. It will not do to be gone all day, unless you have some one to feed thorn, and you have got to keep a sharp lookout for hawks, skunks, rats, weasels, and other vermin. Tho eggs may not hatch ; tho chickens may die or may be worthless when raised, but it will not do to be discouraged. Every breeder looks back to his first experi- ence in breeding fancy fowls, and smiles when ho thinks of his blunders and mishaps. Tho longer anyone broods fowls tho less ho thinks ho knows. Anyone that reads the poultry papers and books can learn mucli, but many things can bo only learned by experience. Many fail to becorao good breeders because they arc constantly changing broods. Thoy get one breed and keep it a short time, then imagine somo other breed is better ; so they sell out cheap and get a few fowls of somo other brood, but keep no ono breed Ion enough to become thoroughly acquainted with thorn. Thoy lack stability. A good brocdor will take in all the good and bad points at a glance of a fowl of tho breed ho is best acquainted with. But it takes time and skill to make a good brooder of any kind of stock. " Unstable an wotcr thou shall not excel " is as true in breeding fancy poultry as anything ulsc. J. G. McKekn. South Acwobtu, N. H. (For Fanciers' Joiirnal.) DEATH OF LADY STEEL GRAY. Tni.s sad event occurred on tho 2Gth ult., at her rofidcnco, Koom No. 1, "Sharpless Poultry House," after a long and severe illness. Now that she " ha.s gone where the wood- bine twinoth," we can SCO no harm in "sounding her praise." She was noted during her life for her exquisite taste in tho matter of dross, always showing a decided preference for stool gray wearing apparel whenever sho appeared in public, which she often did, having visited several recoptions given by the Pennsylvania State Poultry Society, where she in- variably carried off flrst honors. In hor travels sho once sojourned at Doylostown, Pa., where she was awarded first and special. Lady Steel Gray was very highly connected, being a sister of the Dignified (Churchman's) hen, also the two " Herstino " hens that com- peted for the famous $100 gold (Churchman) prize at Buff- alo, all three of them having been her early childhood com- panions, and shared with her the dainty morsels which fell from the hand of tho " amiable Jimmy." Lady Steel Gray loaves a large family to mourn hor loss. We buried lier darlcly at the dead of night, By the light of the moon and the lantern dimly burning; The sod with our pickaxe and spades turning. No useless coflin inclosed her form. Not in sheet nor in shroud we bound her. But she sat lilie a " cluck " on her nest With a bundle of straw around her. As " Mat " shoveled in the cold clods upon that symmet- rical form, hiding forever from our view those exquisitely penciled feathers, tho grief of poor Jimmy burst out afresh, and his tears " flowed like a summer's rain." Gently disen- gaging the pickaxe from his grasp, we drew his arm within our own and led him away from her grave. We endeavored to assuage his grief by recounting her brilliant achievements, recorded in the Fanciers' Journal, and pointing out the bright prospects in the future for her progeny at Boston, Buffalo, Philadelphia, etc. ; but, with a look of indescribable agony, ho articulated, " She was a hummer," then, like the Spartan mother, he bowed his head and refused to be comforted. SuoEsiAKEKTO\i-N, Pa., July 6, 1875. W. E. F. (F'lr Fancier's Journal.'! BREEDING HAMBURGS. I HAVE had very good success breeding Hamburgs so far, but have not bred them so long as some other varieties. I would like to ask somo of your Hamburg fanciers a few questions. I do not know as they will answer, as some fan- ciers are very careful about telling what they know, espe- cially if thoy are going to benefit some one else by so doing. I would like to know how much it will do to breed in-and- in, and tho best manner of mating as to color, so to get good colored chicks. I breed S. S. Hamburgs, and have a clear-tailed cock that I have bred from this year, to pullets rather heavily marked. Tho cock has good wing bars, and is well marked. His greatest defect is that. his comb is a littlo twisted. I have been advised to give up the Hamburgs by several breeders. They say they are hard to breed uniform, but my chickens last year wore a great improvement on the old stock and I mean to slick to them. South Acworth, N. H. J. ti. McKeen. 458 FANCIEES' JOXJENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE OUTSIDE DOG. Friend Wadk: Herewith I send you another article for the Kennel De- partment of the Journal, from the pen of John Paul ; and, I am of the opinion, that if this "Outside Dog in the Pight " be no more amiable than the " Under Dog in the Fight," he at least holds the enviable position. Tou may sing of your dog, your bottom dog, Or of any dog you please ; I go for the dog, the wise old dog. That knowingly takes his ease. And wagging his tail outside the ring, Keeping always his bone in sight. Cares not a pin, in his wise old head, For either dog in the fight. Not his is the bone they are fighting for. And why should my dog sail in, With nothing to gain but a certain chance To lose his own precious skin ? There may be a few, perhaps, who fail To see it in quite this light ; But when the fur flies I had rather be The outside dog in the fight. I know there are dogs, most generous dogs. Who think it quite the thing To take the part of the bottom dog, And go yelping into the ring. I care not a pin what the world may say In regard to the wrong or the right, My money goes, as well as my song, For the dog that keeps out of the fight. Wm. Atwood. Big Flats, Chemukg Co., N. Y., July 12, 1875. (For Fanciers' Journal.) NOTES FROM THE SEASIDE. Dear Fancier: Here by the seaside, with the surf rolling to the south of us and Tuckerton Bay to the northwest of our hotel, we are enjoying ourselves among the sheep's-heads, blue fish, and weak fish, and every day good catches are reported by the several boats returning from different parts of the harbor. Thus far but little shooting has been had, as the curlew, brown-back, millet, and yellow shanks have not made their flight from their breeding grounds in the north. In a few days, or as soon as a southwesterly wind sets in, we shall look for them, and, as time permits, I will keep you informed in reference to our doings with the gun. Your correspondent yesterday spent the early morning among the large weak fish with rod and reel, and succeeded in boating, after stubborn fights and struggles, ten beauties weighing on an average five pounds each, giving more enjoyment than the catching of fifty would with the ordinary hand line. BLACK DUCKS. During the past spring one of the bay men, living near the Parry House, found a nest of nine very young black ducks on the margin of a salt pond in the vicinity of his home, and, placing them under a domestic fowl, succeeded in raising them. I have purchased a pair which I shall present to the Philadelphia Zoological Society on my return. . They are now nearly half grown, and feed with the hens in the barn, and appear to have entirely lost their wild nature. We are expecting "Mohawk," of the Turf, Field, and Farm, at Beach Haven shortly, besides several other lovers of the dog and gun. KBNNBLL CLUB. By the bye, dear Fancier, keeping urging the necessity of a bench show, to be held in Philadelphia, in connection with one of the poultry shows prior to the Centennial, that we may have some organization before the grand display of canines which we expect to have then. Beach Haven, July 10, 1875. Tours, "GuLL." A FAITHFUL DOG. Among the most interesting entries at the Maryland State Fair was a handsome setter dog named "Jack," that was owned and entered by a gentleman of Baltimore county. There is nothing peculiar in " Jack's " general appearance, but his sagacity is really wonderful. His owner has a large number of sheep, and " Jack " was almost raised with them. He became very much attached to the sheep, and was used in driving and watching them. He would follow them to pasture in the morning and remain with them during the entire day, with the exception of a short time near noon, when he would return to the farm- house, and after getting his dinner would return at once to his charge. He followed this routine alike in good and bad weather, and even when the sheep were brought home in the evening and penned, he would sleep with them. On one occasion the flock was left in charge of " Jack " in a field on a distant part of the farm, and they were allowed to remain there during the night, but he did not offer to 1-eave, and was found with them on the following morning. During the early part of last spring he was left in charge of a flock of about eighty sheep, and during the day two strange dogs made their ap- pearance in the field and commenced killing the sheep. "Jack " at once attempted to drive the intruders from the field, but they turned upon him and a desperate fight ensued. During the battle one of the strange dogs was killed, and the other so badly hurt that he could not climb the fence to escape. The faithful protector of the sheep was so much injured in the fight that he did not recover for several weeks. The sheep seemed to recognize the faithfulness of "Jack," as when a hired man visited the field in the evening he found the flock standing in a circle around their protector, who was unable to move. Two of the sheep were killed by the strange dogs and the remaining dog that had been unable to escape, was killed by the man that visited the field. BEHOLD THE SAGACIOUS BULL-DOG ! Let those who maintain that instinct is the sole governor of an animal's motion sit down and hear about a bull-dog at Alexandria, Va. This bull-dog had a combat with a fellow cur, and found in the course of the conflict that the FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 459 fellow cur was too mucli for liirn. When this fact hud made its way through his skull thii worsted dog fell dead and mo- tionloss to the ground. Tlio victorious dog gavo thn prostrate form a parting; chow or two, and then strutted around with an air of im|iortanco befitting tlie occasion. In a short time he took iif] the lino of mareli for home. As liis footsteps were dying away in tlie di.'tanco the eye of the prostrate dog slightly unclosed. Seeing the victor in the distance and on the retreat ho opened his eyes widely, and when the victor turned a corner and was out ol' sight the prostrate dog arose from the earth, shook the dirt from his garments, and jogged otf homo with a broad grin on his face. Are we to be told that such a dog had no " intellect in him 7" — Ex. AVERAGE WEIGHT OF SNIPE. Strange as it may appear, the average weight of snipe must be classed among many vexed questions which, always cropping up, rarely reach a satisfactory settlement. The solution of the difficulty is, perhaps, to be found in the fact that a con.siderablo difference really does exist in the weight of these birds other than may be attributed to season, pasture, inclement weather, or the like. In the Field, Jan. 16 of the present year, we road the following : " On 31st of last month I killed, amongst a number of others, one snipe which I considered unusually largo. On coming home I had it weighed in the presence of witnesses, and found it a really good honest 8 oz. In Canada I have often shot them 7 oz., and even 7 J oz., but never larger. I am quite ready to affirm, on my own judgement, that the bird was only a common snipe, but, to make sure, I showed it to a gentleman of large experience, and ho pronounced it to bo undoubtedly a com- mon snipe." Those weights are, of course, altogether ex- ceptional^^jBBportsmen who have written on the subject state, accoi^^iPlhcir several experiences, that the average weight of snipe in this country ranges from 3^ oz. to 5J oz. Whore so many careful observers have given such contrary opinions I have no wish dogmatically to insist on my own judgment. Personally, I never felt much interest in the weight of individual birds, though I have again and again weighed what I considered fine specimens. In stating the average of snipe to be about 5 oz. I still think that I am not far from being correct. — Boqtrotter, in The Conntt^y. g^' An Unexpected Ctstomer. — A negro fisherman caught a jew flsh weighing 140 pounds, recentlj-, and, se- curing the game with a heavy lino, so that it could enjoy the native element, he sought a purchaser. Two gentlemen ex- amined the fish, and offered what they deemed a fair price. The negro wanted more. The bidders refused to come down. Another man, attracted by the little crowd that had gath- ered to view the fish, approached the negro and offered him a sum in advance of the amount tendered by the first bidders. Still the fisherman hold out ; ho wanted his price or nothing. While the question was under discussion, a huge shark 12 feet long, one of the largest seen in these waters of late, gently took the jew flsh in, cutting the head from the body as though it had been done with a sharp knifo. Everybody looked on in amazement, but the most astonished individual in the group was the fisherman , who appeared much aggrieved when a laugh went around. Turning to the last bidder, he said, gravely, " I b'lievo you knowed dat shark wos dere all de time." — Qnlvestoii News. a®" The Prince of Wales has aubseribed £500 to a fund for procuring thoroughbred stallions, ilnglund is fortunate in having a Prince who thus stud-ies the wants of his subjects. fl®" The singularly limpid oil drawn from the jawboned of blackfish, which is used by watchmakers the world over, almost all comes from Provincctown, although the total consumption is only 200 gallons yearly. JJS?" " Dan," said a little four-year-old, "give me a six- pence to buy a monkey?" " We have got one monkey in the house now," replied the elder brother. "Who is it, Dan?" asked the little follow. "You," was the reply. "Then give me sixpence to buy the monkey some nuts." The brother could not resist. 8®" On the I.sland of Kanai, Sandwich Islands, is found a kind of sand, which, it is said, if struck together in the hands, produces a sound like the hooting of an owl. Sounds can be made with it resembling thunder which can be heard many hundred yards away. The secret of the matter is that the sand is composed of bits of coral perforated with re- sonant cavities. 8®» A FEW days ago the daughter of a gentleman resid- ing in New Hampshire was cleaning a bird cage, when its inmates escaped and flew out into the yard. Her exclama- tion of surprise started up a large Newfoundland dog owned by the family, which ran out, and suddenly putting his paw upon the bird, which had alighted upon a small shrub, held it to the ground, holding it there until caught, uninjured, and returned to its cage. B^° The Jealousy of Beasts. — A correspondent of the Spectator writes that in an article published in the Lyon Medical for April 18, 1875, M. Chevillo declares that he has seen a mare refuse her food and kick her stall to pieces from jealousy, whenever her groom coaxed and petted another horse, her stable companion. He also says that in a stable where a cow and donkey were confined together a curious scene might be witnessed whenever the dairymaid came to milk the former. No sooner was the maid seated on her milking stool than the donkey would leave its stall, come close to the woman, and rest its head on hers until she had finished milking, showing that the poor animal was anxious to claim a share of her attention. fiii^ The Origin ok Duchesses. — A writer in the Mark Lane Express gives the history of the origin of this family of shorthorns, which has commanded such enormous prices for a few years past. He says : The first of the family we hear of was brought by Charles Colling from the Duke of Northumberland's agent at Stanwix, a massive, short-legged cow of yellowish rod, with the breast near the ground. She had a wide back and was a great grower. Colling called her Duchess, and had often described her to Bates as a very superior animal, particularly in her handling, and told him he considered her the best cow he had ever seen, but that he could never breed so good a one from her. She was descended from the old stock of Sir Henry Smithson, of Stanwix. Thomas Hates bought of Colling one of the de- scendants of this cow in 1804 for 100 guineas, being a fine dairy animal ; and he bought another at Colling's sale in 1807. For the latter he paid 183 guineas, and styled her Duchess first, and from her all of the present family descended. Bates says ho was induced to select this tribe from having found that they are sireat growers and quick fecilers, with fine quality of meat, consuming little food in proportion to their growth, and also finding that they are great milkers. 460 PANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. Jtanciees' OURNAL AND J i OULTEY UrXOHANaB, €' JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Ratjb, Associate Editor. Publislied Weekly at 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTIOir PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " U. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. C. N. Bko"W"M", Unadilla Forks, Otsego Co., New York, writes us, that he has been confined to his bed for several weeks by sickness, but is now improving and will soon be able to fill all accumulated orders, or return the money in cases where orders cannot be filled. CoF^F^ESpOfJOEfJCE. JUDGES NOMINATED BY THE PA. S. P. S. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : At a meeting of the Executive Committee of the Pennsylvania State Poultry Society, held this day, the following resolution was offered and carried : " That the American Poultry Association be requested not to appoint any person as a judge who is not a member in good standing of a poultry society, and indorsed by said society." The following named gentlemen, members of the Penn- sylvania State Poultry Society, were nominated and indorsed for judges on the breeds opposite their names : A. P. Groves, Partridge Cochins ; Samuel P. Courtney, Buff Cochins ; John E. Diehl, Black and "White Cochins; John Clapp, Light Brahmas; Jos. M. Wade, Dark Brahmas ; Mark Schofield, Haniburgs ; B. P. Lewis, Houdans and Dorkings ; Jesse G. Darlington, Dominiques ; Wm. Wister and John Stone, Games; J. C. Long, Jr., White and Brown Leghorns; Benj. Mann, Sebright Bantams; B. B. Spaulding, Game Bantams ; Jos. M. Wade, Pigeons ; Jesse Kooke, Pheasants ; Samuel J. Sharpless, Ducks and Geese. A. P. Groves, Philadelphia, July li, 1875. Cor. Secretary. embryo importation (?). Pribnd Wade : Desirous of improving my stock, by introducing a new strain of (foreign) blood, I selected the address of a gentle- man who owned prize stock, etc., and the order was dis- patched to England. In due time the eggs came, nicely packed, none being broken. The custom-house officials in NewTork evidently understand (?) their business; they were kind (?) enough to take out the screws from the box cover, and as they only retained the box ten days, they did not have time to replace screws, so substituted various sized nails. The address, also, not being harmonious in their critical eyes, was dispensed with from the top of box, and re- addressed on the side. Kemoving the rope handle, so ex- pressman could handle according to "custom," it was then forwarded. I am confident that I am indebted to the New York custom-house management for the following unusual success : 12 Crevecceur eggs set — there hatched, 0 12 Houdan " " " " 0 12 G. P. Hamhurg " " " 0 Grand Total, 000 It only cost $5.25 to get the three dozen from England, which, with the price of the eggs, of course, makes the im- portation a little expensive. I want it distinctly understood, this is no advertisement, as I shall not dispose of any of the above. Tours truly, G. O. B. Beooklandvilt.e, Md., July 17, 1875. A SUCCESSriTL BREEDER. Eriend Wade : The most successful breeder of fancy poultry in Western Pennsylvania is a gentleman whose modesty is so excessive that he neither advertises nor exhibits. In this season of poor results be has raised from some ten or twelve sittings of eggs, one hundred and twenty Light Brahma chicks. These birds are bred from some of the finest fowls that ever left the yards of Philander Williams, and in all respects are likely unsurpassed in the country by any one. " Our mutual friend " has this season made a specialty of Light Brahmas ; no other kind has been kept. Formerly, he was equally successful with Dark Brahmas. Intending exhibitors at fall shows can do no better than send their orders to our friend, Eev. E. E. Wotring, Mansfield Valley, Alleghany County, Pa. I hope this gratuitous advertisement will sell so many birds that the Eev. Wotring will henceforth become a reg- ular advertiser in the Fanciers' Journal, and find himself on the road to 'boih fortune and fame. I presume no objection will be made to this gratuitous advertisement of a reverend friend, as another reverend gentleman has been for some time getting a considerable amount of gratuitous advertising, under the several head- ings of "Good Qualities of Pekin Ducks," "Swindling Poultry Dealers," and " Pekin Ducks." Vindex. eastern pa. poultry association. Eriend Wade : Having an idea that you would like to hear how the East- ern Pennsylvania Poultry Association is coming on, I send you these lines ; we still live, although, I must confess, we have had a hard time of it, our expenses have been very heavy. However, we hope to have another grand exhibi- tion, commencing on the first of February, 1876, and last- ing four days. Our new Secretary, Mr. J. Watson Case, we think will fill the office with honor to himself and credit to the Association. One of our members, Mr. C. Hall, has returned from a visit to Germany, and has brought a fine lot of birds. I was very greatly amused at the article of the Doctor, complaining, in the Journal, of "Too Many Breeds," when, at the same time, he has several kinds. I hope you are well during this hot weather and that you will visit New Tork during the Executive meeting of the Ameri- can Poultry Association. Very respectfully, DOYLESTOsra, Pa., July 11, 18Y5. W. T. EoQBRS. N. B. — So you expect to come this way next fall, I hope you will visit us. [Friend Dickie puts us in mind of a Minister of the Gos- pel we knew, when a boy, whose doctrine was, " Do not do as I do, but do as I tell you, and you.will be all right." — Ed.] PANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 4C1 SfiJVLL Pej DEf/^r^Tl^EiJj AND yOUNO KOLK'a OORNKK. WEEDS AND WILD FLOWERS. BY PKTEIl VKI'TKRCORN. I LOVK tlio woods and wild flowors, Whoi'GVor tliey miiy l)u ; In fluid, in forest, ami in dell, Tlioy lovely ai'o to mo ; And if tho truth innst bo confessed, I scarecly know which I love best. I greet thorn in tho early Spring, As soon as thoy apponr. I seek them when tho Summer sun Is shining warm and clear, Beside tho brook, upon the lea, And still thoy aro as dear to mo. I hail them in tho Autumn, When loaves begin to die. And when tho dreary Winter comes, I fondly say good-bye. Hoping, should my life remain, To meet them in tlie Spring again. — Simday Press. PARTS OF SPEECH. Three little words you often see, Aro articles — a, an and the. A noun's the name of anything, As school, garden, book or sioing. Adjectives tell tho kind of noun, As great, small, pretty, white or brown. Instead of nouns the pronouns stand. Her head, his face, your arm, vi-y hand. Verbs tell of something to be done, To read, count, swiiig, jump or rttn. How things are done the adverbs tell. As slowh/, quickly, ill or well. Conjunctions join tho words togothor, As men and women, wind or weather. The preposition stands before A noun, as in or tlirough a door. The interjection shows surprise. As Oh I how pretty — Oht how wise. The whole are called nine parts of speech. Which reading, writing, speaking teach. INTELLIGENCE OF ANIMALS. I THINK that the time is not far otf when, instead of saying, " What an intelligent animal,'' we will say, " What an in- telligent owner that animal must have." Of course there are dilloront grades of intoUigonco among dumb animals, tho same as there arc among human beings. But, if among human beings much depends upon tho in- fluence brought to bear on the intellect, is not the same true of domestic animals ? Are not the latter often treated in a way which would almost make an idiot of tho average child? Now, my friend, I suppose you think that little boy of yours— providing j-ou havo ono— is pretty smart. Supposing you try on him the kind of mental training which probably forty-nine out of every fifty domestic animals, with kind- hearted owners, receive all their lives, to say nothing of those who receive only a blow or a kick when thoy try to make their wants known. Your boy comes to you ond in his pretty baby way any«, " Peas, papa, to dive me a dink." " Certainly, my boy," you answer, and open the door and put him out to play. Of course ho resists, but you toll him that he should not havo asked to go then, and insist on his going now, that ho may learn not to ask for what ho docs not want. After awhile he comes in, still thirsty, " Papa, peas dive me a dink ?" ho asks. " Yes," you remark, " I suppose you are sleepy," and then you undress him and put him in bed. What can ho do ? Ho dare not ask again, for fear you will turn him out of doors, and the only chance to get a drink, is for him to set up such a howl that you will try until you find what he needs. Supposing every ono with whom he came in contact should treat him in tho same way, he would soon become dull himself, or else would think that ever}' one else was. Now, between you and me, reader, don't you suppose your dog thinks you remarkably stupid? Didn't ho try this morning in every way ho could think of to make you un- derstand that he wanted a taste of that nice meat? And yet, you paid no attention to him. Had you told him that ho could not have any, he would havo known that you un- derstood him, but now what can ho think, save that you were so dull that try as he might he could not make you under- stand. Do the animals belonging to people who do not believe that dumb animals havo any reasoning faculty ever show any marked intelligence ? Occasionally one, perhaps, but I never heard of any. While under the care of some persons every animal is at least capable of asking for what it needs. This they will always do until they become disgusted with trying to make their owners understand them, then sometimes they will simply cry until their wants are supplied. And for each thing they have a different way of asking ; all the same sound to some people perhaps, hut entirely diflferent to the real friends of dumb animals. And if wo made one-half the effort to understand them that they do to show us what they want, and to understand us, there would be more in- telligent animals, and, I think, more intelligent people in the world. — Miss M. E. Servoss, in Humane Journal. THE GOLDEN EAGLE. The eagle has boon raised by the popular voice to tho rank of tho noblest and most courageous of the birds of prey. Its natural fierceness is such that it has seldom been em- ployed for the purposes of the chase, like the falcon. It has rarely boon rendered so docile as to obey its keeper. It soars to a greater height than any other bird, from which circumstance the ancients called it tho " Messenger of Jove," the loftiest of their imaginary deities. Its power of sight is astonishing. Even in a captive state it lives for a great length of time : a gentleman says ho kept one for nine years, having received it from a person who had it in his posses- sion thirty-two. The principal species are: 1. The Imperial Eagle. This is tho largest known ; it is stouter than tho common eagle. The high mountains in tho middle of Europe are its chief resort. 2. The Golden Eagle. This fine bird measures from tho point of tho bill to tho tips of the toes upwards of three feet, and from tip to tip of the wings above six. It weighs from twelve to eighteen pounds. It is found in various parts of Europe and of North America. In tho latter country, however, it is rare. 462 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 3. The Common or Ring-tailed Eagle. This is said by some to be the young of the variety just described. The same nests are made use of by these eagles for a succession of years. They are, in fact, of great bulk, and of such du- rable materials as to be almost indestructible. They are built in dry and inaccessible situations, of large twigs, lined with several layers of reeds or brambles; of a flat form, several feet in breadth, and of such strength as to support not only the eagles and their young, but the large quantity of food they provide for them. 4. The White-tailed Eagle. This species is not so large as the Golden Eagle. It inhabits the far north, and is ex- tremely ferocious. Its food is principally fish, and it builds its nest upon lofty trees. It is known by its black bill and white tail. 5. Tlie Great Eagle of Guiana. This creature is furnished with a terrible beak and claws. Its size is larger than that of the common isagle, and it is said to be so powerful as to be able to kill a man by a blow of its beak. Its usual food is the sloth, though it sometimes carries ofl" fawns. It is fur- nished with long plumes, which form a black tuft on the back of the head, and can be raised, giving it somewhat of the appearance of an owl. 6. The Bald Eagle. This is the most distinguished of the North American species. It is common to both continents, chiefly frequenting the neighborhood of the sea, and the shores and cliffs of lakes and large rivers. The nest of this bird is usually found on a large tree, in a swamp or morass; and, being repaired and increased every year, it becomes of a surprising size. Its materials are sticks, sods, hay, moss, etc. The Golden Eagle, though occasionally seen in the south- ern counties of England, is more commonly found in Scot- land, and its western and northern isles. It also inhabits Iceland, Scandinavia, Kussia, and Germany. In France it is said to be not uncommon in the forests of Pontainebleau, and in the Alps and Pyrenees. It is met with also in Sicily, in Asia Minor, and several parts of India. The flight of this bird is described by those who have wit- nessed it as very majestic. Prom the great strength of which it is possessed, it preys with ease on lambs, hares, and other game, seldom feeding on fish or carrion, and rarely on anything which it finds dead. A gentleman states that on one occasion, when he was out hunting among some mountains in Ireland, an eagle of this kind appeared above the hounds as they came to a fault or lost the track on the ascent to the highest chain. As they came on the track again and were in full chase, the eagle for a short time kept still above them, but at length made a rush and carried off' the hare, when at a distance of three or four hundred paces before the hounds. In Sicily, a pair of these birds have been seen to hunt to- gether for small animals. This they do in the following manner: One of them makes a loud, rustling noise by a violent beating of its wings against bushes and shrubs, while the other remains in ambush at a short distance, watching for anything that may appear. A rabbit or a hare, if driven out, is immediately pounced upon, and the prey thus obtained is shared with its companion. — Home and Fireside. g)^"' Why don't you kill off' more old hens ? " inquired a friend to a New Jersey farmer. The latter leaned over the fence, and eyeing his interrogator for awhile, solemnly replied, "Summer boarders." A BEAR STORY. A CORRBSPONDKNT, Writing from Canyonville, sends us this interesting incident, which occurred near that place. About ten days since, Henry Bland and his wife, of Clay- tonville Precinct, went out into the mountains to look after their sheep. When about three miles from home, his two dogs got on track of a bear, and after a severe chase suc- ceeded in compelling the bear to climb a tree. About the time that Mr. Bland and his wife reached the foot of the tree, another ferocious bear suddenly put in an appearance, and savagely attacked the dogs in the immediate presence of Mr. and Mrs. Bland. The fight now became animated and furious, dogs and bear rolling over each other in the death struggle down the steep mountain into the canyon below. Bland was armed with a Henry rifle, but dared not shoot, for fear of killing his dogs. Now came the question how to secure the dogs ; only two cartridges were in the rifle, and these had to be used to the best advantage. Mrs. Bland urged her husband to go to the assistance of the dogs, while she, alone and unarmed, undertook to keep the ferocious monster up the tree. He started down into the canyon to where the conflict was raging, guided by the yelps of dogs and growls of bear. He arrived not a moment too soon, for Bruin was evidently getting the best of it, and would only be pacified by the last shot from the now empty rifie. It was dark when Bland returned to his wife at the foot of the tree. The situation was anything but flattering. The empty rifle was of little use, and upon the determination of Mrs. Bland to sit up with the bear, he started for home for more ammunition. The lady, being reinforced by the bleeding dogs, now felt that she was mistress of the situation. With no fire, far from home, in the midst of craggy moun- tains, this indomitable woman dared to hold at bay one of the most ferrocious monsters of the forest. The bear, not liking his new home, determined to descend the tree ; but our heroine, with a thick stick and the barking of the dogs, compelled Bruin to take a sober thought, and taking up a position on a lower branch, with eyeballs of fire he stared at the scene below. Our huntress was not dismayed by the presence of her horrible companion, but stood guard until about ten o'clock, when her husband and another man came to her assistance. She then started for home through the deep canyons and gorges of the mountains, entirely alone, and it was midnight when she safely arrived at her own dwelling. The next morning, as soon as it was light, the bear was shot. He proved to be one of the largest of those known as the cin- namon variety. 8^° A Lynchburg colored woman fell thirty feet out of a third story window, striking the ground head foremost. They are filling up the hole. She was not hurt any. B@» Treatment of Mange. — One of the most simple and effectual remedies for mange is flower of sulpbur oint- ment, but frictions with sulphur ointment frequently increase the inflammatory affections of the skin already excited by the presence of the acarus. To avoid this, one part of styrax to two of oil of sweet almonds, or olive oil, should be used. By this means the parasite is destroyed and the skin scarcely irritated. — La7id and Water. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AN I> POULTBY EXCITANCJE. Vol. II. PHIT.ADELPHIA, JULY 29, 1875. No. 30. lANDOR'S LOVE OF FLOWERS. IIk was always drawing analogies botwecii cliildrfn and flowers; and there was no more fancy in the well-known lines : And 'tis and over was my wish and way To let all flowers live freely, and all die Whene'er their genius bids their soul depart, Amony their kindred in their native place. I never pluck the rose; the violet's head Ilath shaken with my breath upon its bank And not reproached ino; the over-aaered euj) Of the pure lily hath between my hands Felt safe, unsoilod, nor lost one grain of gold. THE ORIGIN OF OUR GERANIUMS OR PELARGONIUMS. I HAVE now in bloom Pol. Zonale and Pel. Zonale trans- parons, and it is very hard to believe these can bo the parents of oui' beautiful bedding Geraniums. What a vast improve- ment lias been eftected ! I often feel what a pity it is there should bo so little recorded of what our ancestors did in the way of crossing these plants. Who knows the plants poor Donald Beaton employed ? Which were the parents of Kollisson's Unique, Sydonia, Little Pet, Major Clarke's seedling, or Madame Gewitzski ? To what are we indebted for the various races of large-flowered Pelargoniums, French and fancy? These have evidently not descended from the ■same original Cape species, and yet no one I ever met could give me their history. By their history I do not moan the history of the gradual improvement by crossing and selec- tion, but the history of how the first of each race was ob- tained. The man who oflVcts the first cross between two dissimilar plants, particularly if the result of. such cross should prove fertile, has effected much more than he who improves the plant afterwards; he has given the start to a new breed, and no one can tell what beautiful plants may be produced from it. Botanists have been often accu.sed of making too many species, but anyone who has grown a large collection of Capo Polargonium.s and tried to cross them will hardly think they have erred in this manner with regard to this genus. How they differ in foliage, habit of growth, saying nothing about size and color of flowers ! How little glaucifolium, oblong- atum, tricolor, cchinatum, betulinum, radula, ardens, etc., resemble each other! Then again, it appears impossible to cross many of them witli dissimilar kinds — at least it is very difficult. Mr. Wills slated that he had tried thousands of times to eflect a cross betwoeh the Zonals and Ivy-leaved Pelargoniums before he succeeded in raising Willsii, and many of the crosses produced appear nearly or quite sterile. Who has seen a seed of JIanglcs' Variegated or Little Pet? and many others might be mentioned which very rarely produce seed, if ever. Yet when we remember how many be.iutiful plants grown under the general name of Pelar- goniums Imbedding or show) have been raised, and how many species thoro arc growing in Africa, who can say what wo may yet sec obtained from them ? How many changes may be rung on a hundred bolls? and we have many more distinct Pelargoniums if we can but induce them to cross. If a few have given us such beautiful races of plants, what may wo not e.\pect in the future? I have great hopes our Pelar- gonium Society, if kept up with spirit, will produce great results. Liberal prizes for collections of native kinds will bring into notice what may be considered raw material, and good prizes for plants the result of first crosses between native species cannot fail to bring to light plants which may prove jiaronts of im'proved races. The raisers of such plants are apt to undervalue them because they are not perhaps very showy, and neglected plants are soon lost; whereas other persons might have perceived in a plant of this description a fresh starting-point with great possible results. Loudon described some 240 species, and as many garden varieties produced from them ; how many of these can now be found in cultivation? If, as may be .supposed, many of them are lost, how much may we not have lost with them of possible improvement ? It will be observed that I have headed this paper " Gera- niums or Pelargoniums," for I do not believe in the distinc- tion, having many plants the produce of two species of Pelargoniums which I cannot induce to seed ; whilst I have a plant raised by JCr. E. J. Lowe between a Zonal Pelar- gonium and a Geranium which has produced seed. They all belong to the order Geraniace;e, and I remember the time when it was thought quite pedantic to talk of Pelargoniums at all. After a time the large show varieties were called here Pelargoniums, and tho bedding kinds Geraniums; and really we require some distinguishing names for these two classes. "Show" Pelargoniums will not do when all are shown; "French" and "Fancy" are poor distinctions, equally applicable to many of both classes ; " Scarlet " is ab- surd as applied to a class where scarlet no longer predominates, and which contains every color from white and pink to dark crimson; "Zonale" is equally absurd, when many of tho best have no zones; "Nosegay" is no longer applicable, when it is impossible to say whether a plant has more Nose- gay or Zonale blood in its composition ; " Bcdders " will not do, for many beautiful pot plants do not do well out of doors, but which are grand for tho conservatory. So I shall continue to call n\y pots Geraniums and the others Pelar- goniums till we are provided with better namojs by the re- cognized authorities. — J. K. Pearsox, in Journal of Horti- culture. "Come into the garden, Maud, "With a brickbat and a stone ; Here's tho biggest cat you over sawed. Gnawing a chicken bone. Kun like the mischief, Maud, I'm with Ihe beast alone ! " 472 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. PodLTF^Y DE[=A^F^T|VIErJT. (For Fanciers' Journal.) CROTCHETS OF THE POULTRY FANCY. BY PETER SIMPLE. No. 10. "I have so great a contempt and detestation for meanness, that I could sooner make a friend of one who bad coramitted murder, tlian of a man who could be capable, iu any instance, of the former vice. Under mean- ness, I comprehend dishonesty; under dishonesty, ingratitude; under Ingratitude, irreligion ; and under this latter, every species of vice and immorality in human nature."— iaurence Sterne. With this paper, " Peter Simple " closes his series of con- tributions to the Fanciers'' Journal, for the present. That these communications have proved entertaining, in a meas- ure, and generally acceptable, is evinced in the compliments paid the writer through many of your correspondents, who ask for more. But " enough is enough." One more crotchet of poultry men Peter notes, latterly, which seems to be running itself into the ground ; this is the ambition of certain novices to " rush into print " upon their own account, through the issue of new poultry papers, all over the United States. Now this is a free country, and everybody has the inalien- able right to publish a paper who can afford the expense, or who can induce printers and paper-makers to furnish the materials for the time being, for this purpose. But, for the most part, upon the margins of the first numbers of these sheets, the sentence " Born to die !" may be written, without fear of mistake in this prediction. Without mentioning their titles, it may be safely asserted, that with four exceptions, now hopefully jSourishing, no poultry paper in America pays its current expenses, to-day. That this project is " up-hill business," even those who have passed the crisis in the experiment know, very well. And yet, like the gushing daughter who, at sixteen, told her mother she desired to marry ; to whom the fond parent said, "No, child, I have seen the folly of this;" but, who replied, "I want to see the folly of it, too!" — these tyros desire to see the folly of their indiscretion ; and so we have a dozen new sheets, in different localities, devoted to chicken breeding, within the last few months. There is a limit to the healthful demand for this special class of literature. When we have say four periodicals, weekly and monthly, as good as those now are that are pub- lished in New York, Philadelphia, Hartford, and Cedar Kapids, the labor and expense of getting up such papers and conducting them regularly, in acceptable stj'le and with credit as to contents, deserves remuneration. The poultry fanciers and breeders of this country ought to encourage and patronize these papers, liberally. And I am credibly in- formed that these older leading journals are all doi*ig satis- factorily well, as they ought to do. But, Americans, and poultry men especially, possess a sin- gular penchant for diving at and into anything that their neighbors originate and seem to succeed with. Now, while fair "competition is the life of trade," this very crotchet maj' run away with certain zealots who mount the hobby we have mentioned ; and those who attempt to conduct a paper, of the character alluded to, should " look before they leap " in this kind of undertaking. They have started within a twelve-month or so, at the West, for example, seven new poultry monthlies, initial num- bers of which I have seen upon the exchange-table of the Bulletin, here. Some of these went under, some time ago, but all are evidently in a sickly condition, for lack of sub- scriptions and advertising patronage. While none of these papers can possibly pay their cost, through such weakly local support as they may enjoy for a time, their continuance detracts from the current success of the older poultry papers, that have "borne the heat and burthen of the day," for the benefit of the men who ought steadily to contribute to their generous support ; since these are the journals that have helped them to make money in the chicken-trade, in past days. Over and above all, it is very certain that the limited num- ber of poultry fanciers in the United States can ill afford to help sustain so many papers. The fraternity do not need them. Three or four good papers are surely far better and more desirable than a dozen or a score of indifferently printed and conducted publications of this character. As to establishing "local journals" of this class, we all know that chicken-breeding is not a local undertaking, in any sense ; and, therefore, it is not necessary that a poultry journal should emanate from any particular locality, to do its work well, and to be of advantage to breeders, adverti- sers, or patrons. But " Peter " can only allude to this, among the crotchets of the fancy. He does not have to pay the bills for getting up these supernumerary sheets, and he is very confident that those who do will tire of the amusement, after a little. It is a folly they will all realize, sooner or later. Zeal in any cause without discretion, is like expedition to a man groping about in the dark. And still these ambitious fellows will climb, in their way ; and, like the squirrel in the re- volving cage, they may keep their feet in motion, for a time, but they never reach the top. Here "Peter Simple" doffs his hat, for the nonce. He has written good-naturedly, always, and he fully enjoys the wit, the sober essay, the pleasant paragraphs, the instructive suggestions, the agreeable editorial advice and comments he meets with weekly in the columns of the Fanciers' Journal. He onlj- trusts that his allusions to the poultry fancy crotchets, in these columns, may have been received in the kindly spirit that indicted the desultory lucubrations. And with "charity for all, and malice towards none," he now respectfully steps down and out. New. YoKK, July, 1S75. (For Fanciars' Journal.) DO ONE THING AT A TIME. Friend Wade : I HAVE read with pleasure Mr. Bicknell's article on " Too Many Breeds at Once," called out by an article of my own on the same subject. Now on6 more little fling, with your permission, on the same theme, and I am done. Our friend B. insinuates that if only one thing is to be FAN(JIKRS' JOURNAJ; AND POULTIIY KXCHANGK. 473 done at onco, tlio tcncliur, husband tnnn, physician, and so forth, should bo confined to a spocinlty. Well, it has been by Htioking to one thing that all real progress in every depart- ment of oft'ort has been made. No one man can teach many things and put originality and force into his teaching. Wherever a man has made his mark as a teacher, he has been a specialist. Suppose Agassi^i should have spread him- self out over the iiokis of history, literature, matliemalies, etc., would ho have taught and emphasi/.ed his teaching in natural history, as he did? The teacher who instructs suc- cessfully in mathematics, does not dabble in rhetoric or poetry. Suppose Longfellow had pursued politics and nioney-niaiiing, would he then have sung as sweetly, or taught so well ? Would I'rof Pierce have been able to train men to provide him with the formula) for managing the United Coast Survey, if ho had mixed stock-jobbing and speculation with his mathoinatical studies? Suppose New- ton to have been a freipienter of the corn exchange, what would have become of his problem of gravitation ? Could Dickons and Tennyson change places ? Suppose Groely to have tried his hand in the show business, or Karnum his in journalism, what then ? Every valuable text-book, on every subject, has been written by an expert in the particular branch of which his book treats. In all higher scliools and colleges each branch has its own professor, and for very good reasons : concen- tration gives power to impart more thoroughly and success- fully; each, by confining his etlbrts to one thing, and doing one thing at a time, and all the time, does it better. The professor of belles-lettres, for instance, after teaching his branch for ten, or twenty, or fifty years, does not feel him- self ready to take the chair of chemistry, or anatomy, but is content to pursue his favorite study to the end, always approaching, but never achieving, perfection. The same lino of argument will apply to husbandry. If the special interest of dairying were eliminated from the agri- cultural pursuits of central Now York, what would the rest be worth ? Take the corn, pork, and beef out of Illinois, and what would be left ? Take the "truck" and fruit out of the products of New Jersey and Delaware, and what would the remainder amount to ? Not only individuals, but whole communities and States, are confined to specialties, and the closer they stick to them and the more thoy develop them, the more successful will they be. No single science in the whole catalogue shows more clearly and definitely the immense advantages of special study in narrow lines of investigation than thatof medicine and sur- gery ; the ablest men in the profession have always been specialists. The labors of such men as Gross, Paneoast, Mott, Sayer, Hammond and others make the miracles of modern surgery possible. It was not for nothing Louis perished in the Hotel Dieu, studying diseases of the chest ; he bequeathed to the profession nearly all it knows of physical exploration and diagnosis of the diseases of the lungs. Since the days of Ksculapius,no real advance has been made in either med- icine or surgery, that has not been the result of special study. It may seem a little strange but not a single man of them all distinguished himself in more than one specialty. It was enough for Harvoy to have discovered the circula- tion of the blood ; for Jeuner, that ho should find out and demonstrate the benefit.s of vaccination ; and for Brown- Sequard to have demonstrated "reflex action " in the ner- vous system ; and so the rest. It is true that all doctors and toachei's cannot bo specialists in their professions; yet, when circumstances permit, they always are. The professional man studies the fundamental rules and principles of his profession, and builds up his knowledge piece by piece, yet never attains great eminence unless ho devotes himself to a special line of duty and research. The great difficulty is to convince people that they never exhaust a subject ; we are too easily satisfied with our work or performance. When a man attains to mediocrity or something less, he plumes himself on his achievement, and is ready for something new. This want of patience and thoroughness, and the willingness to be content with small success, is the besetting sin of Americans. It may not bo patriotic, perhaps, to say this, neither is it [irophecy, but it is true. This want of thoroughness is painfully obvious in the poultry business. How many breeders have wo who can show birds that will figure 100 points (Hans Schneider ex- cepted) ? Not one breeder in a thousand attains to perfection in his birds. True, many an ignoramus advertises "stand- ard birds," and a still larger number of ignoramuses want to buy " standard birds," but who can supply them ? Who breeds them ?. Mr. B. is himself a veteran breeder, and yet I presume he could ('ount on the fingers of one hand all the perfect fowls he ever bred. This term, as used, is of course a relative one. Otlier breeders besides " Schneider " could, no doubt, figure their own birds up to 100 points, but let Wade, or Todd, or Bicknell, or Hai.sted apply the standard, and the n^sult would be different. No, friend Bicknell, when you, or I, or any body else has bred a strain that is perfect, or as near that as it is possible to get, and that will produce a majority of offspring of the same .sort, then, and not till then, should we "propose to take another." With all due deference to your opinion, I must protest against a man's attempting many breeds and trying to do too much. I am not willing to admit the success of large breeders of many varieties at the shows as evidence that they could not breed still better birds if thoy were to limit themselves to a single variety. That a man wins at the shows is only evi- dence that he has beaten his competitors, but the "score" of the best of his birds fall considerably below what is pos- sible iu breeding. We Americans, as I said before, are too easijy satisfied with our results : if I only can win over all competitions, I am satisfied to rest on my laurels, if my specimens are only second or third rate. Is this the correct thing to do? Shall wo make mediocrity our standard, and be satisfied when we win by such a standard ? Should we not rather compete with ourselves, and breed better birds from year to year 7 If perfection retreats before us as the horizon before the traveler, we should still have our faces turned in the right direction, and go on unsatisfied with what we have aiioniplished and strive for that which has not yet been reah/ed. This, it seems to me, is the proper way to proceed. When we have •• mastered " one variety, and get them to breed as true as Berkshire pigs, or Southdown sheep, our heads will be gray, and we can say what few breeders of poultry have yet been able to say truthfully. It is time this notion of breeding only well enough to win at the shows was outgrown. Wo should breed for our ideal rather than for premiums; if the prizes fall to us they arc, of course, acceptable, and wo will take them, not as an end in breed- ins, but as a stimulus. 474 PANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. Mr. Bicknell and I can each entertain his own opinion, and at the same time respect that of the other, and shake hands liliie gentlemen, after our discussion is ended, hut this paper ends it on my side, at least for the present. I do not spend my time and waste that of othfers writing on this topic simply for the sake of argument, hut from a convic- tion that my position is correct, and if it did not too much trespass upon your space much more could he written in favor of " One thing at a time," and all the time. Tours truly, A. M. Dickie. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE HATCHING QUESTION. Pkidnd Wade : In your last number there is a communication from Mr. James M. Lambing, and, as I differ from him in regard to the manner of setting, I will give my experience. This season I have set about forty hens, in five different vyays, viz. : on sod ; on sod covered with straw ; on solid hottom, with three inches of dirt and straw upon that; on solid hottom without the dirt; and, on lath bottoms. I tried these different ways to find which of them was the best. Nearly every breeder has a different way of setting, and as I had no prejudice in the matter, I determined to give them a thorough trial. Eight hens I set in the way advocated by Mr. Lambing, and the result was discouraging. Seven did not bring off a chick, and the other but one. In regard to the last, a well- known breeder said to me, " If that hen brings off no chicks, I shall lose my faith in 'ground-sitting;' she is, without exception, the best sitting hen I ever saw." With my hens set upon the solid bottom and dirt, I did better, averaging about four to a sitting. On solid hottom, without the dirt, I did still better, averaging six to the sit- ting ; and on the lath bottoms, the best of all — in four in- stances hatching every impregnated egg. I take a sitting coop, such as described by Mr. Lambing, and nail laths across the bottom, leaving one-half inch space between each. On this I put a good quantity of rowen, and the coop is ready for the hen. The laths resting on the ground allow of the free circulation of air and moisture, and in case of heavy rains keep the eggs from being drowned, as is too often the .case with ground-sitting in a rainy season. It also does away with the sprinkling in a dry season. I have tried that same method with my ground-sittings, and came to the conclu- sipn to let it severely alone. My honest opinion is, that some of the eggs would have hatched had it not been for the dousing. The eggs I used in my experiments were (with one excep- tion) from my own stock, and the sitting hens all good. I have not had a hen leave her eggs for more than half an hour each day this season. I never use an egg over ten days old, and never place one under a. hen until she is thor- oughly used to ber nest. I have used the same care with all, and hereafter nothing but a lath-bottomed sitting-coop for me. I had a hen come off three weeks ago that was a cannibal or even worse — -she killed, and pecked the brains and eyes out of every chick as fast as they came from the shell. When I saw her, she was covered with blood from her murdered offspring — s/ie died. I never read or heard of a similar case; did you ? Ah Sin. (For Fanciers' Journal.) TRIPS AMONG THE FANCIERS. Peeling the need of a little recreation, and having a de- sire to know how some of our brother fanciers were pros- pering in their efforts in getting something ready for Chi- cago and the Centennial, we resolved to spend a few days in visiting their yards. Accordingly on a bright clear July morning we stepped aboard the train bound for Philadel- phia. Upon our arrival in the city (in which vast prepara- tions are progressing for the grand Centennial Exhibition in 1876), we proceeded to the Vine Street ferry, and, going on hoard the boat, were soon crossing the noble Delaware. The numerous crafts floating upon its bosom recalled to our mind the "lay of the White Polish man," and some of them looked like " Pirates aiioat, low, mean-looking crafts, With white flags at the peak and dead-beats standing abaft." Leaving the ferry-boat we entered the cars of the Camden & Atlantic Eailroad Company, and were soon en route for the home of Mr. Benjamin Mann, of Haddonfield, New Jersey. A ride of half an hour brought us to our destina- tion, and, as we had anticipated, we were met by our fellow (Mann). A short drive through Haddonfield (which, by the way, is one of the most beautiful and thriving inland boroughs of New Jersey) brought us to the residence of our friend, and we were soon admiring the occupants of the poultry-house. The house is well planned for comfort and convenience, but as a description of it would occupy too much of your valuable space, we will confine our remarks to the fowls. Of Asiatics Mr. Mann breeds White and Partridge Coch- ins, and has good fowls of both varieties. Por us to partic- ularize in reference to his White Cochins would seem superfluous, after pointing to their record at Philadelphia, Doylestown, and Pittsburg, hence we forbear. Passing on we next come to the Bantams, for which Mr. Mann has such an enviable reputation. Our attention was first called to the Brown Eeds. In this variety we can assure our readers that Mr. Mann will be hard to beat, he having, in addition to his former stock, lately purchased several prize birds from Mr. George W. Dixon, of Massachusetts. Next we were shown the Black Eeds, among which are some choice birds, as the list of awards of the various shows where they have been exhibited will attest. We next inspected the Eed Pyle Game Bantams. These were remarkably good, both as to size and markings, the cock especially being very rich in color. Next came the White Pyles. Of these Mr. Mann has one yard of quite good birds, also one yard containing Irish Gray Game Ban- tams. He also showed us a pair of very pretty White Game Bantams. Passing on, we next came to the Silver Sebright Bantams, of which we can truly say that they are the best . we have seen for many years ; and, judging from the num- ber of premium cards tacked up in their apartment, the judges at Doylestown, Philadelphia, and elsewhere will cor- roborate our statement that they are remarkably well laced, and the ground color of their plumage clear and white. Mr. Mann is also a pigeon fancier, and has quite a collec- tion of fine birds, among which are several pairs of White ^ Eantails, also several pairs of Tumblers of various colors. Among them we noticed a flne pair of Blue Baldheads and one pair of Black Baldheads. Besides this collection Mr. Mann has quite a flock of high-flying Tumblers, which were i sent up in the air for our amusement. They seemed to un- ^ FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 475 dnrstiiml wlmt wiis wiinted (if Uicmi, Tor, nl tin: sifjnul (wliicli was givim Ijy whistling nml (■liippiiig llic hands), tlioy niounliid high in thn air and turned " llip-llaps " until our eyes and nooks ached with watching thoir rapid evolutions, and dinner being announced, wo loft them to refresh tho inner man. Entering tho house wo wcnr introduced to our host's umia- l)lo wife who extended us a cordial greeting, as did several other monihers of the household, which added much to our enjoyment and made us feel quite at home. After dinner Mr. Mann showed us a very lino case of stuffed birds which adorns one side of his library. The birds wore chiefly wild game birds, and were tho result of several gunning expedi- tions (in New Jersey and adjacent States) made by our host. Having viewed them to our satisfaction our attention was next called to the ajiiary of Mr. George W. Dougherty, a brother-in-law of Mr. JIann. Mr. Dougherty, unfortunately, was absent from home, a circumstance which we regretted, as wo should liked to have conversed with him on " Apicul- ture." At present he has some eighteen stocks of native bees, mostly in movable frame hives, and nearly all appeared strong and active. Bee-keeping is an occupation that we think many of the readers of the Journal might engage in and derive both pleasure and profit therefrom. Leaving the bees we wandered about the lawn and garden, several acres in extent, over which the young chicks have free range. Like many others this season, Mr. Mann was unsuccess- ful in hatching early chicks, with tho exception of White Cochins, some of which are really grand birds, and will, without doubt, make their mark in the show-room the coming winter. Declining our friend's pressing invitation to tarry longer with him, we were driven to tho depot, and, bidding fare- well, were soon traveling towards Philadelphia. Arriving there we made our way to the Philadelphia Bird Exchange, 39 North Ninth Street, kept by Mr. J. C. Long, formerly of Kavenna, Ohio. On entering the door our ears were greeted with a babel of sounds, among which we could dis- tinguish the lusty crow of the Asiatic cock, the shriller voice of tho Game Bantam and Hamburg fowl, the cooing of pigeons and doves, the shrill whistlo of tho African parrot, the cry of the cat-bird and jay, the changeable note of the mocking-bird, the sweet warble of canaries, and tho chitter- chattor of innumerable Java sparrows, paroquets, African birds, and numerous other varieties usually found in stores of this kind. Suspended from the walls and resting on the shelves are to be found an untold variety of cages, from the plain wooden frame to the costly gilded and silver-plated variety. Here a fancier can select his bird and find a house to put it in as well. Proceeding back wo find a room sixty-live feet deep, well supplied with a double tier of commodious cages for the display of fowls, on one side, while on the other side a plen- tiful supply of windows gives both light and air. Through the centre is ranged tiers of cages for the display of pigeons. This season of the year being about tho comniencemcnt of the moulting season, tho display was not largo, but during the winter and early spring this room is a show in itself. Proceeding up a flight of stairs wo find another room, thir- ty-five feet long ; here we found a plentiful supply of Eng- lish rabbits and handsome Guinea pigs. Tho balance of the room is occupied at present as a store-room for feed, exhibi- tion, and fancy cages, aquariums, etc. This room is also well lighted, and is intended for tho exhibition of pigconi and birds alone. Proceeding still up we look in for a moment on tho editor of the Fanciers' Jutirntd, who occupies a pleasant front room over the store. Seeing his time employed in the perusal of long sheets of proof, we leave him to his labors and go up to the third story. Here Mr. Long keeps his large stock of fancy pigeons. Among them we see specimens of nearly all tho known varieties, from the diminutive Owl to the colog- sal Pouter and Kunt. It being, as we have said, the com- mencement of the moulting season, the feathers lay plenti- ful about; but tho birds showed evidence of good care, as all appeared active and in excellent health. From the third floor we still go on and up until we rcacb tho fourth and last floor. Here we found a motley crowd, but among them some choice and beautiful birds. This fourth floor Mr. Long intends to devote exclusively to bis breeding birds (pigeons), excluding all others, and giving them that quiet and freedom from interruption so requisite for successful breeding. Here he devotes a room entirely to Antwerps, giving them a chance to fly and exercise at will in the open air. This is an excellent place for these timid, wary birds, away from cats, and so high above the street as to be out of the way of ruthless boys with their stones and clubs. Having feasted our eyes on a sight not often seen, even in a great city, we descended to the lower floor fully convinced that Mr. Long has made a bold push for the front. But daylight is lading and night is fairly upon us; so, bid- ding the proprietor good night and entering a streetcar, we are soon hurrying homeward, feeling satisfied that we have spent a pleasant and profitable day. AV. £. Flower. THE MODERN GAME FOWL. Editor of the Journal : Some time ago a friend of mine purchased from one of our noted breeders a trio of snake-headed, long-necked, fisty-bodied, whip-tailed, and long-legged Games (of the kind now so popular at our poultry-shows), from which he has since been breeding. Noticing, in the Journa/, an article hinting that birds like his were "quakers," he determined to test them, and did so ; result, his Games proved to be rank runaways I Much has been written about the degradation of cock- fighting, yet it is to be noticed that there are very few of those even who arc loudest in condemnation of the sport but that (if they have fairly strong nerves) like to look upon a battle between pugnacious cocks, when they accidentally meet. How often have we seen men, women, and even ministers of God, looking with delight upon a pair of wicked chanticleers contesting for the mastery. Is there any dif- ference in principle between looking upon a fight when cocks accidentally meet, and one where the contestants are brought together? "Whether we believe in cock-fighting or not; yes, even though we " set our face like a flint against the ungodly sport," there are none of us who take an especial delight in having " the cock of tho walk " turn tail and ignominiously flee from a neighbor's "dunghill," leaving the wives of his harem to take care of themselves, or to be cared for by his victorious rival. Especially is this true when we boast a brood of Oames "second to none in the Universe." What can be more tantalizing than the "crowing" of a neighbor over a victory which his confessedly "non- 476 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. combatant" Leghorn has achieved over our boasted modern thorough-bred Game? True lovers of the old Game fowl have cause to regret the disgrace cast upon their favorites by the strutting cowards of modern poultry shows. Every breeder of "dead " Games is not necessarily a cock- fighter, either in education or practice. He may be simply a lover of grace, beauty, and undaunted courage, and desire birds that possess these undoubtful characteristics. If so, is it right that he should be imposed upon by those who breed, advertise as pure, and sell spurious Games ? The word Game, applied to fowls, has an accepted mean- ing, and our moralist who urges that it is as well to apply this term to birds not Games proclaims that a lie is better than the truth, on the principle that we may do evil that good may come. S. SpOi^T^IVl/VfJ's DEf;\F\J|VlEflj. (For Fanciers' Journal.) NOTES FROM THE SEASIDE. Dear Fancier : The first flight of bay birds this season appeared yester- day, during the prevalence of a violent southwest wind, which drove fiocks of brown-backs, curlews, millets, and yellow-shanks close to the bay side of the beach, and offered splendid chances for decoying. Your correspondent alone took advantage of the opportunity and returned to the Parry House bj' dinner with eighty-two of diff'erent varieties. Very few sheep's-heads are being caught in the main bay. It appears that they have dropped out towards the inlet, and are feeding in the shell beds of that location. Only "old sea dogs " can stand the grand swell there, and novices re- main in the bay for fear of sea-sickness. The weather is delightfully cool here and a fine sailing breeze is always blowing. Next week we shall have a yacht race, and all are naming their favorite boats as the winner Your correspondent and his man, Will Parker, harpooned three large sharks day before yesterday, each over ten feet in length. After being struck they each pulled the small skiff we were in at race-horse speed for over a quarter of a mile. We will try this exciting and somewhat dangerous sport to-morrow, and hope to stick a larger fish. These sharks were all what the bay men call man-eaters here. "We expect " Mohawk " and Mr. C. H. Raymond at Beach Haven soon ; they are only waiting until I write to them that the birds have come in numbers. Beach Haven, July 18, 1S75. Yours, "GuLL." and Mr. John J. Ford, of this city, paid a visit to the Fash- ion Stud Farta, situated a short distance from this city. We ■were handsomely entertained by the owner, Mr. Smith, and his gentlemanly superintendent, Mr. Conover. A large force of workmen have been engaged for some time past in put- ting the driving roads and carriage ways in order. Mr. Smith has a splendid office on the premises; the buildings are of good size and well-ventilated ; fences in good condi- tion, and, taken altogether, it is the model stud farm in this section of the country. The tract comprises some 130 or 140 acres in all, and at the present time Mr. Smith has (including his own) about one hundred and fifty mares under his charge. Saw a hand- some mare, the property of Mr. John Yewdall, of your city. In the main stables we had the pleasure of interviewing the following ; Jay Gould, bay stallion, by Hambletonian, dammed by American Star ; eleven years old ; record, 2.22J ; trotted at Heron Eun in :i.l9J, on October 15, 1874. Gen. Knox, black stallion, by Vermont Hero, dammed by Harris' Hambletonian ; twenty years old; record, 2.31. Socrates, bay stallion, by Hambletonian, dammed by American Star; nine years old; record, 2.34J, when four years old at Prospect Park. Tattler, by Pilot, Jr., dammed by Thoroughbred; aged twelve years ; record, 2.26, when five years old at Louis- ville, Ky. The following brood mares and colts are also on the farm : Lady Thorn ; record, 2.18J, and filly, by Gen. Knox. Lucy ; record, 2. 18|, and colt, by Jay Gould. Rosalind; record, 2.21|, and bay colt, by Gen. Knox. Big Mary ; record, 2.28, and foal, by Jay Gould. Daisy Burns; record, 2.28, and bay eolt, by Jay GoulJ. Western Girl; record, 2.27 in sixth heat, and brown colt, by Gen. Knox. ■ Lady Hayes and bay colt, by Jay Gould. Fida, foal by Gen. Knox. Clementine, thoroughbred, and bay colt by Gen. Knox. Berry Strietland ; record, 2.24, and chestnut colt, by Gen. Knox. Laura Singleton and black •filly. Le Blonde and bay filly. Blue Belle and foal. Lady Walkhill and foal. Music's dam, colt, by Gen. Knox. Dixie and foal, by Gen. Knox. Lilly Arthur, gray filly, by Bourbon Chief. Eube Clay, chestnut filly, by Ethan Allen. Idol ; record, 2.27, chestnut colt, by Jay Gould. The following celebrated horses are also at the farm : Hot- spur; record, 2.24. Tammany: record, 2.27. Also, year- lings. Lady Thorn's ba3' colt, by Gen. Knox. Brown's colt, by Jay Gould. Big Mary's colt, by Jay Gould. Tida's colt, by Gen. Knox. Bourbon Prince, by Bourbon Chief; dam Lilly Arthur ; and about twenty others of choice blood. Mr. Smith is also the owner of the celebrated Goldsmith Maid, at present on a trotting tour through the West. A grand sale of blooded horses, colts, and fillies will take place during the centennial year. Also, this fall a grand trial of speed may be expected. Tkenton, July 15, 1875. T. S. Akmstbong. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE FASHION STUD FARM. Friend Wade : Last Saturday, in company with several of my friends, including Capt. Johnson, of Morristown, N. J., Dr. Riley, SCENES AT THE CRYSTAL PALACE DOG SHOW. When at the Croydon Show I suddenly remembered that the dog show at the Palace was at that very time going on. Indeed, it together with the Islington horse show helped to account for the thin attendance at the Bath and West of En- gland Meeting. I was determined to make for the dog show, so reaching Sydenham station, I walked with an old poultry friend from thence to the Palace. And, oh I dost thou love P A N C I K \l S' JOURNAL AND P O IT I, T R Y K X C II A N C R. '»77 u pretty walk, goiptl ri^iiili!i', iu ciirly Hiiiiinicr? Jf llioii diwl null iirt noiir Ijoiidon talco n ticket to Syclc;iilmm and do as I did, and lot the time be when the lilacs and lalnirmims are in bloom. I passed along prirtty broad roads, witli peeps every now and tlion into villa gardens — lino largo gardens, not more scraps of earth, and villas well built, and large and mansion-like. The day was what we look for in "leafy June," not yet broiling .'lununer, and May's chilliness gone. Alas I that the poetical May .'should, unusallj' by the cast wind, bo rendered such a lib. 1 passed on, meeting groups of healthy children with their nurses. And what a test of a neighborhood is the appearance of the children in it! There is no truer tost. The pov(;rty of a place is seen staring- out at you in the children's pinched cheeks and thin limbs; while well-fed little ones — with round faces and deep dim- l)led-chins and clean attire, as .«urely tell us that we are in a well-to-do part of England. J passed on and entered the Palace grounds towards the lower part of the jiark, and walked upwards through its grounds and gardens to the Palace. How beautiful are these grounds and gardens I The Palace may disappoint, jjart being gone, and many portions look shabby and worn. The vaunted courts look dull, and their monumental designs show cracks and flaws. Hut the gardens are better and better, the view still as grand, the shrubs each year grander. How better is nature than art — the former never can be vulgarized, the latter often is. The grand dreams about the Palace have long since passed away. It is a place of shops, and not very high-class amuse- ments ; but its situation is grand, its garden and park beau- tiful. I reach the terrace just as the fox terriers are being judged, a class of dogs particularly to my fancy. The owners of the dogs now, I see, as a rule, are in attendance with their pets, and they no 16nger sutler servants to hold them. The ring of dogs is large, but gradually grows smaller as the least deserving in the eye of the Judges are weeded-out. The dogs are, as a rule, admirably shown, and there are fewer over-large animals. Tight, trim, neat and rather small dogs are favorites — dogs that can work, and whose size does not prevent their entering into a fox's earth. There were also some with great beauty showed also many scars on their faces, thus clearly proving them to be, not mere pretty- shaped pets, but true plucky workers. The sight on the in- closed spaces on the terraces and slopes above was very pleasing to any lover of dogs. The rings of dogs below with the Judges in their centre ; then on the slopes the many interested lookers-on. How nervously an.xious were the owners. Exhibiting must be a trial to the nerves, for I no- tice that conversation with an exhibitor prior to the judging is but on his part broken sentences, the one thought, " Oh ! shall I win?" Later in the day I went into the show itself, and I must say that it far excelled any exhibition of dogs which I had ever seen. Its freedom from offensive smells proved that the care of the managers was great. Evening was now coming on, the inside was getting dim, the poor animals were inclined to quietness and sloop, and no exciting gas as at Birmingham had been lit. Coming to the middle portion of the show I see a small crowd moving forward, pushing towards tbo centre; then tlioro are cries of "Stand back, stand back, room I" Surely, .■'urely, it is not a dog tight at a dog show— not the old cruel sport— these arc days of gontlo fancies, and wicked sports happily do not go unpunished. The crowd grows larger, there is a wonderful attraction in a moving orowit gazing al some i-cMitriil olijrM't or olijeotH. 1 am drawn into tin- whirlpool, and have made up rny mind to call in the jiolice ami slop the light, and write about ilto the "Animal World." I am in the crowd now, like the rest, I am on tiptoe8actuany,andas the penny-a-liner would say also, "On the ti|>too of expectation." I force my way nearer the centre, I plainly see ladies are near enjoying the scene. "Oh! this is wor.^e than Hurlingham ! How bad these women of modern days are I Ladies enjoying a dog light, for I am sure there are dogs and ladies too. Oh ! flo for shame I" Still nearer I get. I can see more now. Why, there are hair brushes in the air. What can it all mean. I press nearer — hair brushes the best that money can buy, new and clean. It is surely an exhibition of ladies' hair as grown on the head to prove that all is not false. This is a good idea, and I w-ill see which girl wins — which has tho longest, and thickest, and lot'cliest home-grown production. I get nearer to gaze on the fair heads to sec them pa.ss the smoothing brush over the black, or the golden, or the ftu- burn, or the fair flaxen, as the case may be. I see the brushes and the hands — small and delicate, moving rapidly. I am in the centre now, and oh ! no dog light, no lady's-hair prize, but lady owners are giving their last brush to their Maltese dogs before they go into the hands »f the Judges, who stand close by. Tho texture, gloss, and exact parting of the dog's hair down tho line of the spine were really wonderful. The best .seemed like creatures clad in spun glass or floss silk, and no lady's hair was more evenly ])arted. By tho way, the Judges of these classes ought to be old, very old, and rather spiteful bachelors, or unfairness might arise. Thus, say a very pretty bright-eyed lady with a coax- ing smile held up her dog beside a bony, hard-featured, withered, woman's-rights virgin, would it not be human nature, or rather " man " nature without the " hu," to give the prize if possible to tho dog owned by the fair lad}', and to recoivo in return such a smile ? So to correct the balance I would say, Let the dogs be hold only by tho attendants at the show, or lot the Judges be the crustiest of old bachelors, and, if possible, let them be suft'ering from suppressed gout at the time. I have noticed the sufferings of gentleman ex- hibitors, but theirs were naught to those of the lady exhib- itors. I marked such pale cheeks of anxiety, lips bitten hard (lips meant for a better fate), muscles twitching, and a whole demeanor marking the combat going on between hope and fear. Verily I am glad I am not an exhibitor. All is over, tho Judges' decision is given, the little crowd breaks up only to gather again around the owners of the Blenheim Spaniels. Again the same scene, again the ladies and their dogs — their pretty Blenheim, vastly superior to my tasto to tho Maltese ; but tastes differ, and right they should ; and that tnstos differ is never more plainly seen than at this dog show. Perhaps its ample provision for taste of all kinds is one great element of its success, for successful most certainly it was. — Wiltshire Rkctok, in Journal of HortiaiKure. J®" ^[ajor C. C. Kaikwatkr met with quite a heavy loss yesterday morning. A large Brahma chicken, weigh- ing twenty-two pounds, eight months old, and which he paid $150 for at tho fair hist fall, died. The chicken was considered the finest in the State, and Prof. McCuno was summoned to hold a (xist mortem. He decided that death was caused by an enlargement of the liver. — Olobc Democrat. [One or two things in the above was very large— either the yarn or tho liver. — Kd.] 478 PANCIBKS' JOUENAL AND POULTKT EXCHANGE. i ANCIEES' IIOURNALAND ^0ULm(j5 XCHANSE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Raub, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Horcli Nintk Street, Philadelphia. SDBSCRIPTIOIir PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " U. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. BY THIS MORNING'S MAIL "We learn that Mr. A. B. Estes has completed his editorial labors on the "NEW STANDARD," and the contract for its publication has been given to Messrs. Haas, Nauert & Co., they being the lowest responsible bid- ■ ders Messrs. H. N. & Co. are to print 2000 copies, on good, sixty-pound book paper, with flexible cloth covers, and have promised to complete the job so that copies will be ready for mailing by the latter ^art of August. It is expected to make about 150 pages, and will be sold for $1. Mr. Ealph is now booking orders for this work, which will be mailed as soon as received from the publishers. It can also be sup- plied from this oiEce. THE NATIONAL POULTRY ASSOCIATION. The officers of this Association have got their shoulders to the wheel and, regardless of the hot weather, are work- ing like beavers to make their first exhibition rival the largest ever held in the Crystal Palace, liondon. Their list of specials is already very large and rapidly increasing (see list elsewhere). Two of the express companies, the A. M. A. and U. S., have olfered to return fowls from the shovf free of charge. The Adams Express Co. will, no doubt, do the same. This liberality of the express companies will be the means of many exhibiting that would otherwise have been compelled to re- main at home. REMOVAL. We also learn by this morning's mail that our friend, C. J. "Ward, intends removing the "SWINE AND POULTRY .JOURNAL" to Chicago. This journal has been remarkably successful from the first, and is to be enlarged and otherwise improved. We hope the journal will bear transplanting well, and flourish in its new home. MR. G. 0. BROWN Writes us, that he has a Light Brahma cockerel, ten weeks old, which weighs 2 J lbs., and a pullet, same age, that weighs 2J lbs. MR. OLIVER HOLLINSWORTH, Of Trader's Point, Ind., writes that he has six pullets and one cockerel, hatched April 17, 1875, which were weighed July 15. The seven birds weighed .85 lbs. 3 oz ; the heaviest pullet weighing 5 lbs. 2oz. These birds are Light Brah- mas, and are a cross of the Williams and Feloh strains. Although the early part of this season was very bad for early hatching, both in this country and England, it is very evident that it is to be a year of heavy weights. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING OF THE A. P. A. Many of our readers are already aware that the above Committee will meet at the Metropolitan Hotel, N. T., Aug. 11th, at 10 o'clock, a.m. Probably the most important mat- ter to be acted upon will be the selection of competent judges to act at our future exhibitions ; already a large list have been nominated by societies and individuals. As this sys- tem is entirely new, any suggestions will receive careful consideration by the Committee when in session. PRESS ASSOCIATION. The editors of the poultry press who visit New York during the August meeting of the American Poultry Asso- ciation are earnestly requested to meet at the office of the Poultry Bulletin, No. 20 Courtlandt Street, for the purpose of discussing the formation of a Press Association, for mutual benefit and protection. membership in the a. p. A. Fanciers desiring to become members of the American Poultry Association, will do well to send in their application at once to E. S. Ealph, Secretary, BuSalo, N. Y. Appli- cations sent in prior to the New York meeting will be acted upon at that time. It is to the interest of every fancier to become a member of this Association. EEMOTAL. We have received a letter from Mr. E. P. Day, of Hazle- ton. Pa., ordering the withdrawal of his advertisement for the present, as he is about to remove from Hazleton to some- where near New York city. Our best wishes will go with Mr. Day wherever he locates. Our dealings with him have been of the most satisfactory kind. PIGEON RACE FROM BOMBAY HOOEl TO PHILADELPHIA. The above race came off on the 17th day of July, accord- ing to agreement, the birds being tossed at Bombay Hook, which is situated on the Delaware, sixty-three miles south- from Philadelphia. The race was between birds owned by Mr. Fred. Wood and Mr. John Parker of this city. Mr. Wood's bird won the race, making the distance in one hour and thirty and a half minutes, while Mr. Parker's bird was only five minutes and twelve seconds behind. Mr. Thomas Grist was the stake-holder in this race. challenge. If Mr. Parker should in any way be dissatisfied with the above race, I will fly him another race from the same place, or from fifty to one hundred miles in any otlier direction (allow- ing fourteen to twenty-one days' notice), for from §50 to $100 a side. Particulars and deposit by applying at Joseph Buckley's, 2211 Callowhill Street, this city. a grand sweepstake. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : A grand sweepstake has been arranged hy that well-known patron of pigeon flying, Mr. Jos. Buckley, 2211 Callowhill Street, who has given many prizes, and done all in his power to encourage pigeon racing. The sweepstake will take place on the 16th day of August, from Frankford. There will be a gold medal and money prizes offered. Bespectfully yours, T. Grist. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 479 CoF^F^ESpOfJDEfJCE. THE NICW ENGLAND I'OULTRY CONORKSS. Tiiic adjourned mooting of thci New England Poultry Congress at the rooms of tlio Mivsmichusetts Poultry Associ- ation, Boston, July 14, IHTT), was culled to order at 12J o'clock, P.M., by tlio President, Mr. A. D. Wiirren, of Worcester. The Recording Secretary being absent, it was voted that Mr. Lnurin Martin, of Lowell, servo as Secretary pro tcm. Voted tbat tlio reading of the minutes of the previous meeting bo laid on the table, the Secretary being absent with the records. Mr. Warren stated that the Secretary had been unable to perform. the duties of his ofBce, his business being such that ho would be obliged to decline serving. Voted that the resignation of Mr. Lincoln, as Secretary, bo acoeptod. Voted to proceed to an informal ballot for the election of a Secretary. Which resulted in no election. Voted to proceed to a formal ballot for Secretary. E. E. Ilayward, of Eastern, was elected. Mr. Hayward declined acting as Secretary, and was ex- cused. The business in order was to hear the report of the com- mittees, appointed at the last meeting of this Congress, to report a list of names of persons ([ualiflcd to act as judges of tho different classes. The Secretary not having notified those several eommittees, it was thought advisable to adjourn this meeting. Voted that when this meeting adjourn, it adjourn to Thursday, November 4th. Voted to accept tho invitation of Mr. Williams, and hold the next mooting at those rooms, Nov. 4th, at 2 o'clock, v.u. Voted that the Secretary do what ho deems necessary in conferring with the ditlorcnt Now England Societies, as to tho time of holding their exhibitions. Voted that tho thanks of the Congress be tendered the Massachusetts Poultry Association for the free use of their rooms. Voted to adjourn. Laurin Martin, Secretary pro teui. NATIONAL COLUMBARIAN SOCIETY. At the semirannual meeting of the National Columbarian Society, it was Resolved, That in consequence of tho Mary- land State Poultry Association holding their show at nearly the same time as appointed for ours, that wo do not hold the ni'xt show at Baltimore. Philadelphia was highly spolvcii of as the most suitable place, and fanciers in that vicinity are requested to commu- nicate with tho Secretary their views on tho subject. At tho request of the Western Pennsylvania Society the time for holding our show was changed to February 10 to 17, I87(i. L. BURLINQAMK, Secretary. To.Io.s. M. Wade, Esq., KiUtor liinciers' Journal, AN EVEN EXCHANGE NO ROBBERY. Mr. J. M. Wade. Dear Sir : Some time since, while perusing the exchange columns of your Journal, I saw that D. E. Newell, foot West Nineteenth Street, New York City, ottered for sale a pair of Pea Fowls, and it stnuk mo that they wcrfi juat what I needed to contrast wi-U with niy Ducks and Brahma*. So I just scribbled off a very plausible letter, " ns any Yankee would under like circumstances," and mailed it to him, stating that 1 would exchange a trio of Brahrnas for his pair of Pea Fowls, and received a rcjily stating tbat he would ex ;hange if he hud no cash offer. I received a second letter, slating that he would exchange, and he sent me the pair of Pea Fowls and, what's more, ho also sent half a dozen of their eggs ; which, by the way, was not in the bargain, but which was gladly accepted. They .were immediately (five of them, the other one 1 broke) placed under a hen, and at the end of four weeks, what, to my surprise, should I find but two young ones and two eggs picked. I then reckoned on four young Pea chicks ; but, on going to tho nest next morning, I found that tho hen had left the nest, and that the two young ones not hatched out were dead and the other two were very chilly. I jjlaced them under another hen and had the satisfaction of bringing them out all right. The old birds sent me are fine ones, and I am well pleased with the exchange. I believe Mr. Newell is also pleased, from the notice "I saw in the Journal. This happened from my being a subscriber to the Fanciers' Journal. I have not a doubt but that this is but one instance in a thousand, and that they can exclaim, " An even exchange is no robbery." Sl-KONK, L. I., July 22, 1S7.5. W. M. TUTHILL. Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir: Will you, or some of your many readers, give through the columns of the Journal the method of breeding or raising meal worms. Yours, etc., Jay Bird. Mr. Wade: I have been a subscriber to your valuable journal for a short time only, yet 1 have received many valuable hints from a perusal of its contents. I am e., should bo used for perch-lisliing. They may be caught IVoru the shore with a rod, or from a boat with a bottom line. The bow-line made by joining two pieces of whalebone in the shape of an inverted v ( < ), with u leader at each ex- tremity of the arms, and a sinker near the angle of the letter, is much used for perch-lishing. The movement of the current keeps the bait in continued motion, so as to re- semble a live bait. Worms, small minnows, clams, muscles, crabs, crickets and shrimps are all excellent bait for perch, the latter being the best. Where the fresh water mingles witli the salt, in the small creeks about that vicinity, large l)urch are caught, varying from a fourth of a jiound to two pounds in weight. Yellow perch abound in ponds and ditches, and may be captured with worms. SUN FISU. Though these lazy little fish do not grow to a great size, yet by some they are esteemed as a subject for the frying- pan. They are found in clear streams, in the shadow of trees, or amid the water grass. In ponds they delight to re- main motionless, a few yards from a steep bank. A slender rod and a line, armed with small hook and baited with angle worms or flies, are all that is necessary to catch them. K. S. H. IjEfrt S. J(li^° A Mississippian relates the following story : " I was sick a short time ago, and the cat would come from the tabic to the bed frequently. She finally caught a mouse and brought it to the bed, laying it down beside me. I threw it otr, but as often as I did so the cat would bring it back, until I thought she wanted mo to eat it; so I made believe 1 ate it, and the cat went away apparently satisfied. And before night the same day she brought mo a striped squirrel, and each day for the three days I was in bed she brought game, with the same result; she would never leave until I liad pretended to eat it." Jji^"" A CoNsisTKNT MuLK.— In Sonoma County, Califor- nia, a mule was drawing a load of lime, which, encouraged by a brisk shower, went into vigorous combustion. The wagon took fire, but the mule, resenting this demonstration in the vehicle, and with a view perhaps of investigating it, ' stood still. The driver suggested that he proceed ; but the mule put his fore feet to the front, and laid his ears to the i rear, and maintained his ground. In duo time the fire on the wagon singed the mule. Thou it scorched him. Then itblistered him. Then it roasted him. But ho never moved. There was a principle at stake, and he calcinated in his tracks in support of it. When the process had ended, all tluit was left of what had been a mule was a half barrel of |®*TnK Great Floods is France.— In every disaster one comic incident, at the least, usually presents itself, and a curious instance of this has just been related to me. Some soldiers jjassing by some ruins in the Alice Uonaparl*; heard faint cries of "papa." To track the sounds and discover the locality from which they proceeded was but the work of a moment — to rescue the entombed victim was that of some hours. It was rather disappointing to the gallant fellows, after all their exertion and toil, to find that, although their labors had not been in vain, they had only rescued a fine gray parrot from an untimely end. 8®" A novel attachment for debt was made in Lowell, Mass., recently. There was a small indebtedness of a lady to a grocer, which had long been unliquidated, and no pro- jicrty being visible liable to attachment except the favorite canine which the lady had, it was thought best to try the efficacy of the law in this direction. After some effort to get a favorable opportunity to take possession of the property, the lady was seen by the grocer on one of the principal streets, and the dog was seen following behind her. The sheriff, whoso office was near by, was notified, and the dog was found in a corner drug store, with his owner. The sheriff immedately tied a" cord around the dog's collar, and was pro- ceeding to lead him across the street to his office, when the lady owner grasped the animal in her arms and refused to relinquish her hold. The officer kept hold of the cord, and led owner and dog across the street to his office by it, quite a crowd collecting. When the lady ascertained that unless she paid the debt the dog would be kept in custody until some settlement was made, she paid the debt with money which she said belonged to another person, although in her possession, and went her way rejoicing, with the dog walk- ing majestically and triumphantly by her side. JB©» In a work recently published .in London, " The Land of the North Wind; or, Travels among the Lap- landers, the Samoyedes," the author, Edward Roc, gives the following account of the Arctic mosquitoes, which almost makes us content with our own : "The one bitter drop in our cup of joy was the monstrous but inseparable curse of Arctic summer life — the mosquito. Ue abounded, flourished, luxuriated, surpassed himself, out-mosquitoed himself on the Kuloi river. Wo were at his mercy; our veils, gauntlets, handkerchiefs, flapper, all were a vanity and vexation. To kill was wanton, for to destroy sufficient was impossible. We had foreseen all this, and had even thought of taking, among other things, a woodpecker from homo with us to protect our faces while we slept; but one woodpecker would have been a solemn mockery ; we should have wanted a fresh woodpecker every five minutes. I suppose these were the historical Hies to punish the disobedient, obstinate Egyp- tians ; they came forth in order, and after three grievous plagues — the corruption of the waters, the multitude of frogs and the swarms of lice — had entirely failed. We are becoming connoisseurs in mosquitoes; wo watch them tra- verse our veils like figures on slides in a magic lantern. There is the yellow-striped vampire mosquito, with a triple fang to his proboscis; there is the brown, hump-backed or camel mosquito, with legs of gossamer, who appears to our vindictive eyes to bo from two to three inches in length ; finally, there is the scorpion mosquito, very searching and business-like. We dislike him greatlj-, for he wastes no time. We know now that leather is a hollow delusion, and armor-plated gauntlets are alone of avail." 482 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. |^° The Vassar college girls eat to repletion, and are not satisfied without extra rations of vinegar and slate-pencil. The principle items of daily consumption are : 340 quarts of milk ; 100 pounds of butter ; 150 pounds of beefsteak ; and 260 pounds of roast beef. At a poultry dinner 380 pounds of turkey and chicken are disposed of; 340 loaves of bread daily are eaten. Pancakes during cool weather are an im- portant item, 2000 being demolished at a sitting, requiring a barrel of butter and the services of twenty cooks to keep them going during the meal. At dinner 180 pies are easily " made away with," and at tea in strawberry time 180 quarts of the delicious berry pass down their fair throats. In oyster time a half barrel of solid oysters are eaten at a meal, and 120 quarts of milk are used with them. ADTERTISEMEirTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, wit] be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months, 12J^ per cent, discount. " six months 25 " nine months o7J^ " " " twelve months 50 '* " CHABfGEH AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or. display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve mouths, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Excbaiig^es and Wants, limited to 48 words, must be accompanied with 2.5 cents for each and every insertion. .e®- Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Nonpareil Measurement. Count your lines hy this rule, from line to line. Exc^iA^^JqES. .8®" Advertisements in this Column, of Fivk Lines, or Forty Eight Words, describing and offering for excbangre only, WILL BE ALLOWED AT 35 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. I, J. McKINSTRY, Box 123, Globe Village, Mass., will exchange Printing for thorougli-bred fuwls. Black B. Red Games or Golden-Span- gled Polish preferred. J. EDWIN KENDAIili, Lawrence, Mass., will exchange small huDtiiig-case silver watch, in good running order, Antwerps, Colored Fantails, Tumblers, imported Rouen Ducks, and eggs from Golden Se- brlghts— for first-class White Leghorn chicks (March or April hatch), Almond Tumblers, small rifle, Fancy Rabbits, common fowls or chicks for table use. Make an offer. OEO. W. SCHEFFER, 21 South Second Street, Harrisburg. Pa., will exchange a trio of Japanese Bantams for Fancy Pigeons. Pouters or Carriers preferred. Make me an offer. "WJHI, D. ZEIjIi, Lancaster, Pa., will exchange one pair of full- grown English Rabbits, white, with pink eyes, male and female— for a good, four-jointed fishing rod. Write and give a description of rod. W. B. SHEBBY, Stony Brook, L. L, will exchange one pair of Brown Leghorns (Backs County), lied Barb cock, and Nos. 3, 16, and 22 of Wright's Illustrated Book of Poultry— for Fan or Barb Pigeons. CHABEES O. MEIXEEE, Parsons, Labette County, Kansas will exchange four tame Fox Squirrels, one pair Red Cardinals (good singers), one Mocking-bird, just beginning to mock — for pigeons, fancy fowls, or other stock. JAMES X. BOBDEN, P. 0. Box 306, Bridgeton, N. J., has a trio of good Games, one Stricken hen, has ten fine chicks, also twenty-eight small Games, batched in April — to exchange for Fancy Rabbits, Lops, Augoras, or Dutch (no others wanted); or for Golden or Silver Sebright Bantams. Stock must be good as mine are. Games from A. McLaren, Meadville, Pa. THE DEEAWABE CITY AMATEUR EXCHANGE CO. Delaware City, Delaware, will exchange Hand and Self-inking Printing Presses, Black and Tan Gordon Setter pup, English Setter pup, Medical Works, Chemistrys, and other books — for Fancy Pigeons or Poultry. Make offers! F. H. SCHWABTZ, Bernville, Pa., will exchange one extra fine, large, tame Black Squirrel, in a large size Osborn cage, costing about $10 —for Pouters. What other offers? C- S, BETTS, Mount Ki.^co, Westchester Co., N. Y., will exchange Game fowls for double-barreled shot gun or navy revolver. Must be good. WANTED.— Rev. J. S. LEWIS, Meshopper wants Ayrshire or Alderney calves or yearlings P. Cochins, Buffs, Dark Brahmas. "Write him. Wyoming Co., Penna,, Q exchange for Poultry, W. H. JEFFRIES, Irwin Station, Pa., will exchange fowls or chicks of fifteen varieties of pure-bred fowls for Fancy Pigeons. Make me an offer. I>. E. EEEDS, MoorestowD, Burlington Co., N. J., will exchange a trio each of Black-breasted Red Games, and pure-bred Rouen Ducks — for White Leghorn hens. W. E. OARDINEB, Norwalk, Ohio, will exchange one Dun Car rier ben. White Pouter cock, and Black Fan cock foi- the foUo^viug odd birds ; one Black Barb cock, Black Fan hen, Black Mottled Tumbler cock heavily-booted White Pouter cock, or a AVhite Barb hen. A. M. CABEY, Selinsgrove, Pa., will exchange Partridge Cochins, Buff Cochins, Light Brahmas, Houdans,and Brown Leghorns — for choice first-class Siugiug Canaries, Red Birds, Mocking Birds. Nice cages, and fowls are all right; other birds, etc., must be. JOHN F. CEAXTON, Box 606, New Albany, Ind., will exchange one pair of extra tine Partridge Cochins for one pair of Maltese kittens. B. B. R. Game Bantams, equal to the best, for a small black and tan dog or slut. E. A- THOMPSON, Basking Ridge, N. J., will exchange fancy fowls of leading varieties for exhibition coops in good order. BOX 40, Milford, Mass., will exchange one nice pair Snow Geese for a good, pure Suffolk boar, not less than five months old, and must be good. What otters ? GEO. W. SCHEFFER, 21 South Second Street, Harrisburg, Pa., will exchange a sitting of Sultan eggs for female Pouters, or other odd birds; also, Fantails, AVhite and Colored, for female Archangels, Tum- blers, or otiier fancy birds. What offers? J, THEO. HEINER, Jr., Harrisburg, Pa., will exchange one pair of Black Jacobins (breeders), for one Pouter hen, booted, about seventeen inches. What offers? STBEETEB, HIVEEY * CO., Youngstown, Ohio, will ex- change the following odd birds: one solid Black Trumpeter cock, one White Pouter cock, two Red Swallow cocks, not booted, two Black Moor- cap Oxens, one White Duchess hen, and one Black Tumbler hen — for one dark, solid colored Carrier hen, one Black Mooreap cock, one Blue Owl cock, one White Pouter hen. What offei's? T. C. STANTON, 36 Adams Street, Rochester, N. Y., will exchange one pair, each, B. B. Red Games, Brown Leghorns, Black Hamburgs, trio Houdaus, two S. S. Poland hens, two do. Black Spanish— for Black and Dun Carriers. Antwerps, Mocking-bird, or male Canary. W. F, BACON, Lexington, Mass , would exchange Light Brahmas, bred and raised by I. K. Felch — for White Leghorns or Game Bantams. What offers? D. M. HOWEEE, 51 Eutaw Street, Baltimore, Md., wishes to ex- change A-No.-l Fleetwood Scroll Saw, with drill and stand complete, nearly new — cost $26 — for AVhite Cochins or Dark Brahmas. FANCIEB, Box 233, Tamaqua, Schuylkill County, Pa., has five pairs Dutch rabbits (old and young), one pair pure White imported An- goras, one pair Lops, 5 months old, extra fine, two pairs Silver Sebright Bantams, one first premium Aylesbury Drake, one trio B. B. Red Game Bantams (Tom Thumb and mates), finest in the country, one Rocky Mountain Jack Rabbit, two trios D. Brahmas, two trios P. Cochins, fifteen pairs White Mice, a lot of exhibition Coops, nicely painted, and so ar- ranged as will answer for pigeons, Bantams, or for larger breeds ; one fine talking Parrot and cage, Fancy pigeons, 18 varieties — will exchange for Guns, Revolvers, good Watches, or other merchandise. Who speaks first? T. D. HAMMOND, Mayville, N. Y., will exchange one or two pairs Peafowls, two years old, for very fine Scotch Terrier bitch. Ferrets, Watch Dog, fine Cigars, or Mocking-Birds. H. F. CHURCH, Newtown, Bucks County, Pa., will exchange a first-class Black-and-Tan Terrier dog pup, 12 weeks old, for fancy poultry. Must be first-class, like the dog. B. McMIEEAN, Gait, Ontario, Canada, will exchange one trio of Light Brahmas, hatched March, 1874, and bred by W. H. Todd, Vermil- lion, Ohio ; fine birds, cost $25, What otters? WANTED. Cash. One Copying Press. Type, in good order. One Webster's Unabridged Diction- ary, last edition. One trio White Silkies. *' " Black Silkies. " " Sultans. » " W. C. B. Polish. " " Black African Bantams. " " Cochin Bantams. One pair Sevastopol Geese. " " Labrador Ducks. The above fowls must be strictly first-class birds. Address CHAS. TO SPABE. One pair Pekin Ducks. One Pekin drake, bred by Rev. W. Clift out of imported stock. One Cayuga drake, bought of W. H. Todd. One Rouen Duck from Todd's stock. One Bronze Turkey ben, bred by Frank Ford out of his largest stock. White Leghorns. Brown Leghorns. Dark Brahmas. Light Brahmas. H. SEAVEE, Hubbardston, Mich. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AN13 POULTRY EXCITAISrCJE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, AUGUST 5, 1875. No. 31. (For Fanciers' Journal.) "PETE SMILEY ON THE PEDIGREE DODGE." MisTKii Wadic: VisUM'tly wus llior fust ruincy iliiy wo'v hod fur a clog's iiigo uji, iioordiii tow ugroiiient, tliur "I'lirsoii," " (Jap'n T.," "Squire, 15.," tlior " Deacon," iind tlior "Kernel," im won or l(\w more, kum over tew my plasc tew liev mo reed " liurnliam's Hen Fovor " tow oni ; ther " Parson," yer kno, lies " Pedigree on tlior brano," an es suno es ho hod lowered liis amberillor, his fust wards wuz, " Wall, Poto, hov yer nifido up yer mine tew hov lliem air ' imported burds ' pcda- ^■rro'd yet?" "No, Parson," soz I, "I luiint." " Naw look a hero, Pete," soz he, " lluir's a proniinunt brecdur ov Light Bramors not a hundord miles frura Natic, Mass., who so/, that he ' fins it nessary tew pcdagroo his stock in order tow sell ot.' " " Thet'l dew tor loll thor mareon's, Parson," soz I, " I hecrd ov a man in lie City, Pa., who bot 30 pedngree ]/ight Bramors from the Natic man, an soon artor ho got en\ hum ho found ct nc^ssary fur liim (ther lie City man) tow loave fur parts unnown." "Who's that, old per Sim[uons?" axed Cup'n T. "Yos," sez I. " Whar's ho gone tow?" axed Squire B. " Dunno," sez I, " but I reckon ef yor wus tor write an ax sum ov his creditors, in He City, tha cood gin yer his ' pcdagroo.'" •' I say, Poto, what sort ov a chap is the ' Kocky Clift ' tbet lilows so much about ' Pekin Cliinee Ducks,' in ther noos- papers?" axed Cap'n T. " Wall," sez I, " I never hed cny di^alins with him, nur dont wanter iiuther. I seed a peace in thor 'Germantovvn Telegraph,' about a yoor ago, thet corned thor krinks outen his bar a leetle, I rekon." " Wat was it, Poto?" axed the Deacon. "Wall, of my memery sorvs mo rite, an I think she duz, thor editor .sed he'd received an article on Peekin Ducks, from ' won Clift,' who sumtimes pn^fixes his name with a Rev., which we threw inter ther waste basket, an of ther Pekin Chinee Ducks haint no bet- ern the China goos they d better never bin imported." "Then ho wus down an thor Peekin Humbugs, wurnt be," sez thor Deacon. " Not so much on thor ducks es ho wur on the ' Mysticb Clift nuin ' fur tryin grind his axe fur nuthin." " Gentlemen," sez the Kernel, " I cum over heer tew here Pete rood 'Burnham's Hen Fovor,' an I dont keer a cuss bout yer Natick man, nor yor Ho City man, nor yer Kocky Clift man, and sich ; but all 1 hev tor say is, of Pete's agoin tor rood thor book he'd bcter koraence, es I kin see sines ov clear wothor." So es ther Kernel was gitting im- pashunt, I went an got ther book. " Now, boys," sez 1, " es wo hev bin talkin abot ' pedigrees,' I'l reed thet porshun ov thor book thot speks ov them ; yer see ' Burnhara ' hed sold a feller sum fouls, and thor feller wus like thor ' Parson,' be had ' pedigree ' on ther brano, an rote lew ■ Burnhani ' an insislored thet he shood send him his 'pedigree;' now, ' Burnham' noed thot it war all humbug, noncenoe, an sich, so bo gist sot down an roto him the foUoriu letter :" Ml/ Dear Sir: Yor favor, under dait -Ith iustunt, cum duly ter han, and I improv mi eriist momunt of lesure (arter thor unavoidblo delays attendunt upon procurin ther infur- masluin yer seak) ter roplie. Yew air dezirus at becin made aquanted with mi "podagrec." I liev lor inform yer that 1 hev takin sum dais tor oxamen inter this matter, an arlcr a keerful inwestigashun ov ther " rekord," tine thot I am a dosendunt in ther direck lino frum a gentlemun wcry well reniemburd in these parts, by ther naUK^ nv Adam ; thor ole man hed tew suns, " Cain " and " Abel," tba wur kulld — thor lattur bi the other's bans went ded one da, but cs no koroner hed then bin apinted in ther kountry, whar tha re- zided, " werdiet wus postponed;" a thurd sun wus born, whom tba kalld "Seth." Cain Adam hed a .sun named Enoch, who bod a sun (in ther fourth gencrashun), bi ther name of Malcch. Malecb lied a sun whom he kalld Noah, frum woom I trase dirockly my oun beiii. Noah hed three suns, "Shorn," "Ham," an "Japhet;" thor oldist and youngist. Shorn an .laphot, wus a kouple ov ther b'hoys ; an Ham was a wcry wall disposed young gen- tlonnim, hoo slept ter hum o nights; but his tev/ brutbors, unf'ortinitly, wur not so wall inclind. Ham wur a sort ov jothro; ther butt of his tow brutbors boo hed dun him "brown" so meny times thet tha kalld him "burnt," fur meny yoers he wus nown thar-fore as " Burnt-Uani." Before his deth he aplied tor ther Ligislater, in his diggins, fur a change ov name, he drapt ther t, a bill wus parsed intitlin him tu ther name ov Burn-Ham, an honse ther surname ov yer unible sarvent ; so much fur thor name. In sevral ov thor noospapers ov thet period I find allu- shians made tew a u-frri/ sewere rain atorm wicli ockurred jist about this tiiue, an' the publiek prints (ov all parties) agree thet " this storm was tremendus," an' thet an imincu ermonnt ov damaigo was dun tew ther shippin an' commer- shial interest. Es this took plase sum six thousand yccrs back, however, yew will not, 1 presume, expect me ter quote thor perticklers ov this surcumstanso, axcept in so fur es re- furs direckly tew mi oun relativs. I ma beer ad, however, thet subcequcnt ackount* inform mo thot cvrythingov enny pertickler walue wus totaly distroyd. A private letter from Ham, dated at ther time, dcclars thet " ther wernt a peg left ter hang his hat on." Ole Noah foun it wus "gittin worry wet under foot" (ter use a firacller ex- presshun ov his), an' he wisely bilt a canawl bote (ov wery genrus demenshuns) fur ther saftio ov hisself an' farailie. Findin thet ther rain continered he enlargd his bote, so thci he could kerry a worry considible crmount ov luggige in case ov axident. This foursight in thor ole gentleman proved most fortunite, an only confirms ther established erpinion, thet ther famly es " smart ; " for ther storm oontinerd uner- batid fur forty da's an forty nites (so sez ther akounts) untill evry spesie of anermale an wegetable mater hed bin " used up," alwus axcoptin ther ole gentlenuin's canawl bote an cargo. Naow Noah was a gret luvyer ov anermals ; ov evry kine, a male an female, did he take inter his bote with him, an a niso time tha must hov hed ov it fur si:J'woaks! Notwith- standun ther lack (wioh I tine rekorded in won ov therjer- nells ov ther da) thot a gentlemun hoo wus swiniin about, an hoo roquest'd thor ole man ter let him in, upon bcin refused, declared thot ho mite "go ter grass with his ole kanoe, fur ho didn't think 'twould be much ov a shower eny- bow " — I sa, notwithstandin this erpinian ov ther gentle- mun, boo is represented es hevin bin "a wery expert swim- mer, " evrythiug wur^ distroy'U. Ham wus won on em — he wus! He new suflishunl ter git out o' thor rain, aboil he want thot wfri/ witty. He tuk parssago wi' ther reil, however, an thus did away with ther nessosity ov a lifo-presarvor. Frum Ham I trase mi Pedi- 486 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. gree directly down throo all ther grades ter king Solomon, ■without eny diflBculty, hoo, bi ther way, wus reported ter hev bin a leetle loose in his habits, and wus wery fond ov ther ladies and Manzanilla Sherry. He used ter sing songs, tew, ov wich ther leest sed ther soonist mended. But on ther whole, Sol wus a wery clever, jolly good feller, an on sevral ockashuns guv evidunce ov possesin his sheer ov ther kunnin nateral tew our familie. Some thot him wise ; but altho I hev no disposhun ter abuze eny av mi antsisters, 1 think ther queen of Sheba (a wery nice young woman she wus, tew) rather kum it over ther ole feller. Bi a continerous chain, I trase mi relashunship thense thro a rather torterus line, frum generashun to generashun, down to Mr. Mathew — not ther comedian, but tew Mathew, ther kolleckter (ov galilee, I think) — hoo sat at ther receit ov cusstoms. To ifiis con- nection I was undoubtedly indebted fur an appintment in ther Boston Cusstom-House. Matthew lived in ther good ole "high tariff" times, wen sumthin in ther shape ov duties wus kumin in ; but, es nothin is sed o v his finale, I rather think he obsquatulated with ther funds ov ther goverment. But I will kum tew ther infermashun yew desire, without furthur adoo. Yew noe ther old un, undoubtidly (if yer don't, theere is leetle dout but yew will noe his namesake heerarter, ef yew don't sease ter squander yer time in lookin arter ther plunder ov ther Burnham familie). Wall, ther old un es in ther " direck line" tew wich I hev now indevored tew turn yer attenshun ; an I hev bin kalled ov late yeers ther "young un," fur reesuns thet will not interest yew. Tew mi honered senior (boom I set down in thes category es mi le- gitimate "dad") I wood refer yew fer further perticklers. He es tenashus ov ther karrackter ov his progeny, an loves me. I wood kommend yew tew him, fer it will warm ther cockels ov his ole hart tew lern thot ther " young un " is in luck. Ef yew chanse tew liv long ennuf tew git es fer down in mi letter es this paragratl', allow me tew ad thet, shood yew happen tew reseeve eny werry konsiderable amount es mi share ov ther property fur ther Burnham familie, pleese not overlook ther fackt thet I am "won ov 'em," an thet I hev takin panes tew tell yew, " whar I cum frum." Pleese for'id mi dividend bi Adams & Co.'s Express (ef ther krates shood not be big ennuf ter karra it) en if it shood •pruve tew bulky, turn it inter Amerikan gold, and charter a steemer tew kum roun fur ther purpiss, 1 shant mine ther expence. In konklushun, I kan only intermate ther high konsid- erashun I intertane toards yerself fur hevin prepade thet postige on yer kommunikashun ; a very unusal transakshun with legal gentlemen. Mi sensashuns upon closin this hasty skrawl air, I fansy, very nearly akin tew those ov ther Hiberniun, hoo " liked tew hev foun a soverin wonoe " — but, yew will allow ine tew asshure yew thet it will aford me ther gratest pleshure tew meat yer heerarter, an 1 shell be happie tew give yer eny further infermashun in my pour teechin, thet " putty " in prospective. I am, wery respeckfly, yer obedent sarvent, Geo. p. Burnham, jlfjres tte " young un." Et ther bottum ov ther paig, Burnham sez : I presum this pedigree wus perflckly satisfacktory tew mi korrespondent ; an I am quite sartin thet it was of as much akount as this kine of a thing usualy es. Arter I'd finished reedin the above, Cap'n T. axed fur sum foolcap paper, and imegitly komposed the foUerin lines: When ere yew open Burnham's book an look witliin — 'Twill make yer pucker up yer montli an grin, Like Cbessa cat a eatin hot puddin. "Why Pete," sez ther Parson, "its all sheer nonsence fer enybody ter quote from thet ' Hen Pever ;' why a bline man cood see thet its nothin but a book ov jok's," "Sar- tin," sez I, " yew kin see fer yerself thet its titel is a ' Hu- merus Eekard,' an its kalkerlated to make pepel larf ; but. Parson, yew now thet ther's meny a tru wurd spokun in a jest, an I'm inklind tew think thet Burnham's bed wus level on ther ' pedigree dodge.' " Yours feelinly, Pkte Smiley. PoJljf^Y Dnp^^F^jiviErJj. (For Fanciers' Journal.) TO THE EDITOR OF THE "POULTRY NATION." It seems to me that an editor conducting a groat paper like the Nation should weigh well what he has to say before plunging headlong into print. I have no doubt that the editor of the Nation feels sore about the success of his paper, or else he would not have taken up my article with so much avidity. It is the scratch of his own nails that hurts him most. I surely treated him with great courtesy ; I even apologized for him, and tried to exonerate him on the ground that he would not have allowed the article of " Poor Henry " to appear in his paper had he been aware of its maliciousness. I had no feeling against the Nation, person- ally, and would as leave see it flourish as any other paper of the kind. Of course, I have a preference for a weekly, like the Fanciers^ Journal, as I get the news three weeks in advance of the Natioii, which I presume is good enough for its "old fogy outsiders," who are just as happy over stale news and worn-out advertisements. I wrote the article in question to vindicate myself from a malicious insinuation of " Poor Henry," and why the editor- in-chief of the Nation should take up the cudgel in his de- fence with so much alacrity, has aroused my suspicion as to the identity of this" Henry ;" and I am led to believe that our editor justifies the article and indorses Henrj^'s moral conceptions of what is just and manly. If the editor of the Nation wishes to play the harlequin in print, he has first to learn the better use of the pen. I am considered a pretty good-natured fellow, and have no sort of objections to any one poking fun at my mistakes. I rather relish a good joke, but really I do not see where thejoke comes in if crusted all over with malice. " I am not of those who hear injus- tice with a smiling face." Our editor talks loudly about the mission of the Nation. If it has a mission, I have failed to perceive what that mission is ; and, if " Poor Henry " is one of its missionaries, I should say that part of its mission is rather short lived ; and, if it is the mission of its editor-in-chief to play the knight-errant for its corres- pondents, his mission will bo rather a lively one, neither profitable nor enviable. It is astonishing how inflated some persons get with the idea of running a paper and pla3'ing the role of an editor. It is impossible to keep such people in a state of equilibrium. There is no end to their Quixoticisms — like the Don, they are always seeking some new feats of chivalry. The editor of the Nation thinks it a very hard case that I should pitch into his paper and allow the Journal to go free. This is curious logic, as the Fanciers' Journal has never given me any cause to take it to task. Its editor never ad- PANCIERS' JOURNAL AND I'OUI/I'KY EXCHANGE. 487 iiiits unyUiing ?o personal anil miUicious into his paper, lie is a man of too good souse ami of rare discretion — savolr viurc. For tlio proprietor of tlie Nation to rate mo for not casting a fling at the Journal sounds to much lilte tlio whim- pering of a sclioo]-boy, I did not publish my article to injure the Nation, nor to provoke the ill will of its oditcn' — it was simply to call his attention to a malicious insinuation of one of its correspon- dents respecting my characlcu' for fair dealing. I treated ho editor with great respect and consideration ; but he, instead of making a suitable apology, wantonly attacks mo. Under the num deplmne of " Poor Henry " the editor assumes to carry on a covert assault upon any individual of tho fra- ternity of fanciers ho. chooses to select, not po.ssossing the courage or manliness to subscribe his true name. As for his reply to my article, had it not boon. for a para- graph containing a tissue of base falsehoods, I should not have noticed it, simply on account of its stupidity. Aftor tho lapse of four years, ho now states that ho " forbore par- ticulars rospooting ' so much satisfaction,' after the birds he hatched out matured." Now, let me clinch him here. He admits that ho stated to mo he was " satisfied," but for- bears to say what tho birds wore after they matured. Ergo, he was satisfied with the birds before they were matured. Ho expressed his satisfaction before he found out whether the chickens wore satisfactory or not — in other WfU'ds, he " charitably " expressed his satisfaction on antici- pation of their turning out well. Now, let me squeeze him a little tighter. In 1871 he purchased of mo two dozen Buff Cochin eggs. In 1872 he sent for more, expressing his sat- isfaction with those of 1871. This does not look so " chari- table," for he waited a whole season before he showed his satisfaction. In the fall of the same year he purchased a trio of fowls. My way of doing business is, that if the fowls do not suit, or are not as represented, send them back and I will return the money. He did not return tho fowls, nor did he express any dissatisfaction. "What is the infer- ence? But, in tho same paragraph, he assumes to know more about my way of doing business than I do myself. There are such people. He is " charitable " enough to sup- pose that I do not make poultry-breeding a business — that I started with good stock, but trusted too much to my help. He was never at my yards ; I never communioatod to him how I carried on my business ; and I am not in the habit of writing about myself. I never fly into prifit with every importation of fowls; I never toll the public how many eggs they lay ; nor how many eggs and fowls I sell in a year ; nor do I spend my time traveling about tho country buying up fowls for exhibition purposes. Such things are not con- genial to my tastes. I perhaps kept fowls long before tho editor could so well imitate tho crowing of his Shanghais. I ask no man's char- ily, I seek no editor's sympathy. My birds are sold on their merits — some may not bo as good as others, as perfec- tion is rare to attain ; and, if any one dealing with me thinks he has not got his money's worth, he can send them back, and I will return his money. I am now done with the editor of tho Nation. He has much to learn. Ho may now write until his heart is con- tent. A man who will make such reckless statements merits hereafter my silent contempt. Gkkenvillk, N. .T. _ _ _ Isaac Vam WiNKi.E. SunscRiBB for the Fmicicrs' Jonriud, the best weekly poultry and small pet paper published. NOTES ON RECENT ISSUES. IIY Hl'ANOLE. pRIKNI) WaijK: The later issues of the Fanciers' Journal have been among tho best numbers jiublished of your always very roudablo weekly pajior. Tho last one (No. 29) was a very good one — varied, interesting, and creditable throughout. I send you a few '' notes " thereon. Tho Egyptian goose delineated in No. 29 is a very pretty bird. If 3i:x bo left out of calculation, this goose may bo set down as tho handsomest and most desirable of the genus anser. They brood generou.sly, and aro very hardy, so far as I have ever met with them. Years ago thoy were com- mon in New England ; but, their light weight, in compari- son to that of the Bremen, tho Toulou.so, tho great Hong Kong, or even tho Gray Mongrel goose, ruled them out of favor, since they will eat as much as most geese, and require fully the same convenient surroundings and amount of good care to roar them advantageously. John Giles, of Provi- dence, was among tho earliest importers of Egyptians ; but Col. Jaqucs, of Medford, Mass., and the Frenches, of Ran- dolph, had some fine original strains. The "Political Editor" who writes of Gen. Johnson's fine poultry establishment, at Newburyport, talks about a very nice place truthfully. Gen. Johnson's fowl houses, chickens, and water fowls are choice, extensive, and admira- bly kept up. But, the " fifteen to seventeen pound Asiatics " are all in the writer's eye — of course; and, if it is " a pay- ing institution " (carried on as expensively as the General is able to conduct it to suit his own fastidious and liberal taste in this matter), I think it is the only one of its charac- ter in this country that paj's in that costly style. I do not believe the General ever calculated upon its paying him, except in the gratification of having the best specimens, in. the very best condition, on his premises. In this respect it undoubtedly " jiays " him generously. W. F. Hallo :k narrates the true story about the perplex- ity in selling eggs for hatching purposes this j'ear. It has boon a disastrous season, verily. Correspondents and novi- ces who have invested their five or ten dollars in the dozen or two fancj' eggs, that they felt pro-assured would give them twenty to twenty-five perfect chickens, after three weeks' possession of the embryos of the desired strain thoy sought by this means, have been woefully disappointed in their " luck " in all ((uarters. The purchaser who obtained twenty-five to thirty-throe per cent, in chicks, out of eggs bought anywhere, this year, has been fortunate. I know a good breeder who has set on his own premises, since March, 1875, over one thousand eggs, under near a hundred differ- ent hens, who has to-day less than three hundred chicks of all ages, and he has done his host at it. The suggestions about " Damages Done by Neighbor's Fowls " remind me of a remedy adopted by breeders of this ilk years ago, that has proved satisfactory and efficacious, judging fiyjm tho resulUs within my experience. A judicious friend said to his adjoining neighbor, one day, years since: " You keep fowls, I see ? So do I. Yours are good ones. So aro mine. 1 keep my chickens within precincted limits, my friend, because I do not want my garden torn up by them. If any of my birds stray into your yards, cut off their heads and eat them — I will never ask you a question aboat it. If any of yours get into my liower-patoh. I will serve them just so every time.'' The neighbors around me never FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND TOULTEY EXCHANGE. have any trouble, that 1 hear of, about other people's stray chickens iiow-a-days. "Sam," of York, Pa., holds to the pedigree of the man, not of his birds. Let him hold ! But, if his theory is car- ried out, he will find that the pedigree of a good many of the chicken-men will prove more "shaky and onsartin " than that of the average fancy fowl. Speaking of pedigi-ees, did you ever read that of the "young 'un," in Burnhani's " History of the Hen Fever ? " Get a copy of that book, if you can, and publish that funny chapter. Mr. Burnham has written considerable about " pedigrees for fowls," lately, in another vein, I notice, but he will never write so creamj' a sketch again as this I now refer to. The Flower-y obituary of my "Lady Steel Gray" was very good — in its way. Peace to her feathers. She was a good 'un, and I condole with amiable Jimmy and poor Mat in this sudden bereavement. But, fowls will die; it is the common lot; we cannot help it; and so, mi-lady, requiescai in pace. My reverend friend, Atwood, sends you a nice little poem having the ring of the true metal in it, from his (clerical) standpoint, about the "Outside Dog in the Pight." Here is a companion for it — not so good, but all about THE DOG THAT 'LIGHTS ON TOP. They may sing, who will, of the outside dog. Or the under dog, if they choose ; I tell you the dog that alights on top — Who knows how his chances to use — Who gets there fairly, and stays there, too, Keeping ever in view the right, Unmindful of everything else save fair play, Is the dog for me in the fight. Por, observe, there are bones worth fighting for, And the valiant dog " sails in," At risk of getting a nip or a scratch. For which he cares not a pin. And though there be many who fail to view A fair contest in this same light — Still, fly the fur, or fly it not. Give me the top dog in the fight. . I've seen and heard of the " liberal dogs," Who, as a general thing. Will assume the part of the under dog. When venturing into the ring ; But, I've found the're sure, when the fight is done. To side with the victor — pop ! And, be the chance-winner in right or wrong. They yell for the dog that's on top. I've sailed in the North, I've been thro' the South, I have travel'd East and West ; I have known the worst beaten — I've seen Eare triumphs rewarding the best; But, in the assault I've heard of, or know, Aimed at brain, at pelt, or at crop, In the end, I notice, we're pronest to shout Por the dog that alights on top. Albany, August, 1875. WILD DUCKS IN JAPAN. . An American gentleman traveling in Japan has given the following account of a duck hunt in which he partici- pated some time ago, some features of which will doubtless strike the American sportsman as novel : "The other day I went on a wild duck hunt with my interpreter and one guard. We started early, and, proceeding through the rice fields for some distance, crossed a low line of hills l3'ing to the north, and passed up a fertile valley about four miles to a village, where the people had made preparations for a grand duck hunt in anticipation of our coming. Near by was a small lake, snug among the hills, and near the base of a mountain called the ' Dragon's Clan.' It was a most picturesque place, with a pine grove skirting the margin of the water, and clumps of bu.shes and reeds scattered along in various places. Thoentire surface of the lake was covered with ducks, while clouds of them hovered over the trees and wheeled to and fro in wild confusion. The whole neighborhood was literally alive with them. This lake had long been the resort of ducks, but the people had never allowed a gun to be fired in the neighborhood, and had contented themselves with now and then catching a few with nets. The consequence was that the ducks had never known what it was to be shot at, and were compara- tively tame. When it was known that I was coming there to hunt, the customary order was revoked, and everybody was given permission to come with his gun and join in the sport. The men had constructed low mounds of pine branches, resembling Esquimaux huts, along the edge of the lake and at the points most frequented by the fowls. As soon as each one of us got fairly settled, either in a mound or under a tree or bush, we began to shoot at the innocent ducks, which lay in thick masses before us. As the first shot echoed among the hills, a myriad of quacking creatures rose in one great cloud from the surface of the water, and for a time the air was completely filled with them. " I never before saw such a spectacle, the sky seemed darkened with feathered fugitives, and the noise made by their wings was like a mighty rushing wind. Especially wild was the noise as one fiock after another wheeled directly over my head ; then they suddenly turned a short curve, their white breasts flashed for a moment in the sun, and the rapid motion of their wings made a breeze like a great fan upon the face. They had not learned yet what the sound of a gun meant, and, as no person was to be seen, they ere long settled again quietly on the water. "Another volley soon started them up again, however, and they rose into the air, leaving many of their dead and wounded companions on the surface of the lake. Now their flight became swift and broken, and as they passed close above our heads we fired indiscriminately into their midst, causing the flocks to scatter in frightened confusion. The poor things knew not what to do; the lake had always been their quiet home, and they knew not whither to flee. So, as none of their cruel enemies were in sight, down they came again upon the death-laden surface of the water. They were completely tired out, and as shot after shot skipped along beside them, they only shook their heads and remained where they were. The firing continued the whole morning, and the waters around their former peaceful retreat were reddened with the fruits of the bloody slaughter. "At one time during the day, while somewhat withdrawn from the party, I heard a peculiar ' whir-r ' of something in the air, and, turning quickly, saw a bullet strike the bank beside me. A shower of mud was scattered over me, and at a little distance was a Japanese man in full flight. There was nothing near me for a proper target, and there is little doubt that this was a manifestation of the bitter hostility to all foreigners for which, I have since learned, this neighbor- hood is noted. At that very time many of the inhabitants had shut themselves up in their houses in fierce rage at the idea of a detested ' tojin's ' being entertained among them." PANCIEllS' JOURMAIi AND POUJiTRY EXCHANGE. 489 (V«r KunriiT»'.Iniiriiiil.) NOTES FROM THE ALLEGHANIES. I)V IllK ASSOCI A I K KIH'IOK. Pi-ecori/i/. — Wliili> piiyiiiL; ii visit liiti^ly to tin,' yards nf (Jol. Taggart, ill NortliumbcM-land, I'a. , tlii! wiitei- was ulinwii ii young KoiioM duck, two inoiitlis old, whicli woigh.s three poundK and two ouncort. Also, a young Aldmioy cow, three years mid twenty-seven daj's old, wlilcli had the day bol'ore given liirlli to li(>r Ihinj cnir. There is precocity, surcdy. Iliiw lotiy mny etjij.s rc.iiiii-in i-old, ami lialr.h ? — I have given my trio ol' White Leghorns in the care of a friend, W. II. Bowers, of Lock Haven. Lately ho set a hen with fourteen eggs, eight Leghorns and six Haniburgs. After sitting nine days, the hen left the nest at si.\ in the evening to feed, and in returning got on the wrong nest. Mr. Bowers did not discover the mistake until the next day at noon, wlicm he immediately transferred the hen to her own nest, Imt n'ave up all hopes of securing any chickens. To convince himself that the eggs were spoiled, however, he broke one open, and found in it a thing embryonic chick. Yesterday, July 7th, one day behind time, the hen came oft" the nest with twelve active chicks out of the thirteen eggs. So far as I can learn this is the longest time in the early stages of hatching probably on record, for a hen to desert her eggs and yet produce a brood. Ailing Pigeons. — After a great number of experiments, I have come to the conclusion that the best cure for a pigeon which seems to mope around without any apparent disease, is to pull out the tail. I have had a number of cases this season in which I have tried this remedy, and in nearly every instance it has proved a success. What the philosophy of the cure is I am sure I cannot tell, unless it be that na- ture at once sets to work to produce a new tail in the bird, and the work of recuperation having once set in, the whole system rallies and becomes strengthened. Will not some of our medical authorities explain the cause. Uiice.riainiy in reproduction has just been illustrated in my own pigeon loft. I have a tine Black Barb cock mated to an equally good hen, both of them solid black, with the exception of a white feather or two on the knee of the cock. A month ago they hatched and produced one young bird which is now almost as large as it-s parents, but its color is a solid yellow instead of being black. Last season I bred from a Red Fan cock mated with a beautifull)- shaped yellow- mottled hen which has since died. In every case the pro- geny was solid black, not a foul feather showing itself any- where. Escape of Carriers. — A week or ten days ago I concluded to give my homing Antwerps some exercise. Some ten of them got out, and out of that number but three have returned. I suppose they have located somewhere in the city, but thus far I have been unable to find them. All of them were im- ported from Belgium hist winter. Two or throe of them come back now and then, but fail to recognize their home, and after feeding for a time in the poultry-yard, take their Uiglit and disappear, sometimes in one direction, and some- times in another. Ultimately I hope to recover some of tbeni, but the hope is faint. ^'UNCERTAIN SITTINGS." Friend Wauk : In July number of Poultni World, I noticed an article under the caption of " Uncertain Sittings," wherein the cor- respondent, Mr. Wotring, nay.', " My expericnoD hnx been, that the eggs will hear more exposure to cold, without injury to the chicks, in the earlier stages of the hatching proccfu than they will in the latter ; in fact, I believe that the nearer the expiration of the twenty-one days a hen dcscrtu her nent the greater the liability of the eggs to become dciitroycd by the cold." With due respect for Mr. Wotring, I beg to nay, that my c^xpcrioncn in hatching (extending over a period of Hfteen or more years) is exactly the reverse ; as arc also the teach- ings of all the best authorities upon "chickcnology " which I have over read, s|ieaking of this matter. " Wright," in bis " Illustrated Book of I'uultry," says, " The hen should not be absent from the nnsl more than half an hour, and in time of frost even twenty minutes will frcijuently addle the eggs, unless set in a very warm place. Eggs are more liable to this misfortune during the early .liiir/e, than when they have bei^n sat ujion twelve or fourteen days." Of this fact we are certain, though it is contrary to the statements of .some writers who have never devoted real observation to the subject. We have had a hen absent sev- eral hours in the middle of hatching and still bring out a very fair number ; and on another occasion, on the very last day of incubation, the eggs became really stone-cold, yet we saved the greater part ; the treatment we adopted was, to put the eggs into a ves.sel of water, Iieated to fully 105°, whilst another hen was being procured, and to our astonish- ment, in about ten minutes, six of the eggs showed signs and eventually hatched. We note this because in all cases of a decided chill, at any period, this is the best jdan that can be followed, the warm water getting the heat and life back into the egg much more quickl}- and effectually than the ben can ; besides which, if the hen has forsaken them, they may be kept thus for hours, if necessary, with the help of a thermometer, whilst other arrangements are being made. In the same work Mr. A. M. Halsted, in his notes on "Artificial Hatching," writes as follows: " I have been led by slow degrees to adopt the opinion, that the great draw- back to artificial incubation was the difficulty in getting through the first ten days. I noticed .some years since that when a hen left her nest, and the eggs were fairly chilled during the early stages of incubation, she rarely brought out any chicks ; and, usually, those that did come forth were weakly, and pined away in a few days, or weeks, of exist- ence and then dropped oft"; also, that even when eggs had been left for fully twenty-four hours, during the latter days. they often hatched out well and strong." I could quote numerous other instances similar to the above, but deem these sufficient to convince your many readers that I do not stand alone in my opinion, on this sub- ject; and, in conclusion, I feel assured that Mr. Wotring will not take offense at it, because I believe him to be "a gentleman and a scholar," and because " an honest difference of opinion never makes any difference with gentlemen." SnoKMAKKRTOwx. Pa., .Inlr, I,«i7.'.. W. K. Ki.owkr. ft^A certain publisher in New York hires his wife lo read manuscripts of juvenile books offered him to his little daughter, and if the child enjoys the story he accepts it. He argues that she hjis about the average child intelligence, and if the book fails to please her it would not please other children. 490 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTEY BXCHANG: KENNEL AND 4 iii'iirt'// H-/ ■s^ m SpOF^JSIViA^I^'s DEp>\F\TI^Eflj. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE UPPER DOG. YoTj may sing of your dog, your under dog, Or your outside dog in the fight ; I go for the dog, the bold, brave dog. That's up on th' top, in the right. And giving his wag, in a pleasant way, He knowingly fekls he is right ; He " sails forth in " with all his force — The upper dog in the fight. "Where will you find a dog of sense. When he knows that he is right, Will stand ofi' afar, as the war goes on. And not help t\i' just in the fight? Or, where'll you find a dog of strength In the cause of truth to delight. That'll give right up and sneakingly be The under dog in the fight. Tou know that the world, the wide, wide world. Always frowns on the lean and the light ; If you're up on the top, with truth on your side, You're the best dog then, in the fight. But, if under you go, or stand off aloof. Your name and your fame gets a blight ; The wide, wide world will truly say. Shame on that dog in the fight ! I know there are dogs, mean, sneaking pups, Who say they'll leave you alone; But, as the fight goes on, they'll sneak right in And steal from both the bone. I know there are dogs, big, ugly curs. That fall under to get out of sight. But in truth and in right give me the dog. The upper dog in the fight. White House, N. .T., July 26, 1875. H. 0. V. D. 'V DOGS' HOMES. A LETTER FROM CHAKLBS KEADE. .egisla for restraining the slaughter of innocents— selling fashionable ( alive, and unfashionable dog's dead. A dog-shop with a dog-shambles and a sweet name— outline of lei llin To THE Editor of the N. Y. Tribune : Sir: It has been intimated to me that you believe in the honesty of my convictions, and are willing to give them a hearing in the Tribune, reserving your right of assent or dissent. Nothing can be fairer, and I, on my part, will never say a word in your columns I do not believe to be true, honest, and just. The influence of prejudice, personal or national, is so subtle that I may now and then deceive my- self; but at least I will be on my guard. I will try to have two eyes : one of them will be naturally a bull's eye ; but the other shall be a cosmopolitan peeper. Unfortunately, I am tied to this little island ; so that even my cosmopolitan eye will be too much confined to British subjects. This I must ask your public to excuse, since I can't help it. How- ever, things that begin in England are apt to find their way to the United States, and vice versa. It will be so, I con- clude, with " Dogs' Homes," and if they are with you already, or on their way, a word of warning may be as useful at New York as here. Home was always a mellow Saxon word ; but it rings sweeter than ever nowadays, thanks to an immortal song which has long outlived the opera it popularized for a time. When we are told that charitable men have erected an orphans' home, an outcasts' home, a sailors' home, etc., all this wins the English ear and warms the English heart. Some time ago " a dogs' home " was announced in London ; the lost and strayed were no longer to be starved with cold and hunger in the streets, but taken, like human beings, to a home and cared for ; thence, in due course, they were to be drafted to permanent abodes, as customers oifered. The scheme was benevolent and gratified public feeling, for Englishmen are fond of dogs; and the trait is laudable. I did not look very closely into the matter at the time, and cannot say how it worked at first ; but I have lately paid two visits to a dogs' home, and shall say what I saw and heard. The Home contains open yards, in which are very few dogs, and also two rows of very large cages with a corridor between them. In each cage Were from twenty to thirty dogs, some standing, some lying on the bare floor, and some on scanty straw. The cages are not washed out so often as they ought to be, and the stench is rank and unwholesome. At sight of a visitor some of the poor creatures howled, some fawned at the bars, and some stood apart with wistful, piteous eyes that seemed to say, " Oh, good stranger, do pray buy me and take me out of this cold prison." This, how- ever sad, is inevitable, and the establishment is not the least to blame for it. I thought it my duty to fight against the saddening influence of so much eloquent misery, believing that it was only for a time. At my second visit I happened to be left by myself, and I opened a wrong door. There I found, oh God, such a pile of murdered dogs as made me sick and faint, though I am not weak of nerve nor inexperienced in tragical sights. I inquired their crime and found it was this : They had failed to sell. The sweet home had not given them much of a chance to sell neither ; they had only been captured about four days. Turner's and Linnell's landscapes hung on hand for ten years ; nothing sells all in a moment but a hot roll. Yet here were poor, innocent carcasses piled from the floor to the ceiling because when alive they could not sell, like bread, in an out-of-the-way suburban shop, with no shop- front nor display of the article to attract customers. So swift to shed blood was " Home, sweet home." Poor hapless victims of shallow sentimentality and bot- tomless cruelty ! Why if for one day only, they had been exposed in any open market and ticketed " mo7-itu7-i," many an honest fellow would have found out that he had room in his house for a cheap dog and In his heart for cheap pity, and so these innocent lives would have been saved, and no harm done to man nor beast. Further inquiry has enabled me to trace the half-bred dog often a handsomer animal, and generally a more intelligent one than the thoroughbred — from the streets to the senti- mental shambles. The police are now ordered to capture every dog that has lost his way — or looks to their sapient eye as if he had — and take him to a Home. Eor this the FAN (J IK US' JOURNAL AND I'OIJI/I'IJY K X C II A N C K. It) I policeman gets a moiioy rowanl. So of courao ho ciipturcs, with impartial haltor, dogs that have lost thoir way, Jugs that havo not, but ai'i! cniisini;, and dogs that have missed their way and are fiiKling it agnin, if Hobby would mind his business and let th(^m attend to theirs. Well, the policeman seizes his unprotected dog, and with the scent of silver in his nose and Offenbach's marcli in his ear, runs him in — to aprison, " the door of which opi'iison the scaffold." There, if the (•a|)tivo is a Dandic Diiimont, or that hideous little boast, a Skyo terrier with hair all over his eyes, or if ho is that four-footed noodle, an Italian grayhound — in short, if ho is !i fashionable dog, he is either reclaimed or kept for a month or two till sold at a remunerative price; meantime ho costs little, being fed on biscuit made of bad fiour with a spico of sawdust, that only a starved dog will cat. But, if the dog so captured is a retriever, a hound, or even a ]ilain Pomeranian, his chances of living more than a week are small I and, if he is half as groat a mongrel as the Anglo- Saxon race, he is pretty sure to bo murdered in a few days, that the sweet home may save his biscuit and sell his skin. His executioners, wo infer, are llowards and Seymours ; but, bogging thoir pardon, they don't look it. Oh, wise King Solomon, you left behind yuu many an immortal line. Here is one : "The tender mercies of the wicked arc cruel." — Prov. 12 : 10. But do not lot us blacken poor human nature neither, since it is bad enough without. This cruel system was never planned in cold blood. It is the old story — Humanity start- ed a dog's home : Trade has grafted the shop and the sham- bles. Humanity found London more vast, and dogs more numerous, than it could have believed. Then Humanity got dismayed at the mountain of dogs, and retreated. Trade saw its chance, and shot into the vacant place. The accu- mulation of dogs which staggered Humanity did not embarrass trado for a single moment. Trade, with its cold keen eye, saw at a glance that the fashionable dog could be sold alive, and the unfashionable could bo sold dead. As for me, I cannot part trade and cruelty — they have been too long to- gether ; but I can resist delusive terms, and call things by their right names. If an establishment has become a dog- sbop, with a dog-shambles attached, let it cease to call itself a dog's home. The iron egotists, who rob a poor creature of its life to sell its skin, shall not pass for soft sentimentalists while I can wag a pen. The human wolf, the human fox, the human weasel — all these are established traders, and I cannot move them ; but the crying Hyena is a now trader, and I resist him in the name of dog and man. Nevertheless we oflcr terms. Let the phrase, " Dogs' Home," stand on these conditions — it must be careful not to desecrate our language. There must bo no more secret ex- ecutions of low-bred dogs at the discretion of low-bred men, the more offensive animal of the two. Every unclaimed dog, before ho is poisoned, should be otlored for sale alive in an 0]>en market for the mere value of his flesh, bones, and skin. His price and the hour ho is to die, if not bought, should be ticketed, and " morituri te salii/. McKecn. Vice-Presidents — Harry Kaphael, John Bacon, Edward Snyder, Oscar Bates, Mark T. Warne, Charles Davis, G. M. Reeder, Edward Henry (Nazareth, Pa.), Jacob Hay, John Hess, C. B. Hecht, Wm. G. Stewart, Daniel Snyder, Levi Bonnet. Recording Secretary — Herbert Hamman. Corresponding Secritary — Will H. Kidlcr. Treasurer — Wm. Hulick. Exectiiive Committer — Jacob L. Olts, P. S. Hulsizer, J. S. Rodcnbough, Clem. Stewart, Charles Ililburn. A great deal of inlc'rest is manifested here in the breeding of thorough-bred poultry and pigeons, and we expect to hold a fine exhibition, commencing Wednesday, January 5th, and ending Saturday the 8th inst., 187G. No expense will be spared to make it the finest and best display of poultry and pigeons that hiLs j-ot been exhibited in the Lehigh Valley. The. Association will also have a sale of choice poultry and pigeons, commencing Tuesday, January llth. Will send you particulars from time to time. Tours, very respectfully. Will H. Keller, Easton, Pa., July 29, 1875. Cor. Secretary. Sfl^LL PeJ DEf^F^JIVlEfJj AND TOUNQ FOLK'S CORNER. HELPING PAPA AND MAMMA. Planting the corn and potatoes. Helping to scatter the seeds, Feeding the hens and the chickens, Freeing the garden from weeds, Driving the cows to pasture. Feeding the horse in the st«ll — We little children are busy ; Sure there is work for us all, Helping papa. Spreading the hay in the sunshine. Raking it up when 'tis dry. Picking the apples and peaches Down in the orchard hard hy. Picking the grapes in the vineyard, Gathering nuts in tho fall — We little children are busy ; Yes, there is work for us all, Helping papa. Sweeping, and washing the dishes. Bringing the wood from the shed. Ironing, sewing, and knitting, Helping to make up the bed. Taking good care of the baby, Watching her lest she should fall — We little children are busy ; Oh, there is work for usall. Helping mamma. Work makes us cheerful and happy. Makes us both active and strong"; Play wo enjoy all the better When we have labored so long. Gladly wo help our kind parents. Quickly we come at their call ; Children should love to be busy : There is much work for us all. Helping papa and mamma. — Ex. 494 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. (For Fanciers' Journal.) EABBIT KEEPING. BY A. M. HALSTED. When "hobbies" are now becoming so common — perhaps I should say so " fashionable " — it is well to direct more par- ticular attention to our own. Having always a fancy for pets of some kind — commencing with the common white rabbit more than thirty years ago — I can testify that the influence exerted over a boy by his "pets" is not to bo underrated or despised. There is no more certain way to keep him at home and away from evil influences than by giving him some interesting occupation of this kind, which in time becomes a hobby, and carries its influence into ma- turer years. Neither is there any more certain way to drive a boy into hanging around the village store, and as he gets older, the saloons, than to deny him some such innocent occupation. Further than this, if properly encouraged, it may be made an educational benefit to him. He can be taught to keep an accurate account of all his expenses and receipts, and to balance his accounts monthly or quarterly, thus planting the seeds of a methodical business education which in after years will bring forth good fruit. I do not wish to be understood as recommending only one particular fancy, for I well know that while one boy fancies rabbits, another may prefer pigeons, another poultry, and still another Guinea-pigs or squirrels. We all have our hobbies, and it is in our youthful years that our fancies are moulded for either good or bad. Uncurbed and unguided it more often takes after those with evil tendencies — card playing, racing, clubs, etc., — and while these are perhaps harmless in themselves, thej' eventually lead to betting, gambling, and their attendant vices. On the other hand, by encouraging a love of pets, a refining influence is fostered, and this influence makes itself felt in every walk and station of life. No person who loves and keeps pets can be at heart cruel or indiff"erent to the feelings of his fellow men. Car- ing for them makes him careful of his fellows ; and no matter how poor in purse or in what station of life the fancier may be, his fancy is almost sure to make him a better man. His love for his pets preserves him from many temptations and dangers. He needs rest and recreation for his overtaxed mind and bodj', and in these and kindred fancies he flnds it. The day is now past when the fancier of poultry, pigeons, or rabbits was looked upon as, at least, an eccentric individual, and the pursuit of tbese fancies as of rather a low character. The interest in all these fancies is constantly and largely on the increase, and is participated in by people of wealth and refinement, as well as by those in the humbler walks of life. At our exhibitions, the mechanic and the banker meet in friendly competition, all social distinctions levelled for the time being, in the comparison of the beauties and excellen- cies of their favorites ; and the friendly spirit engendered by these annual meetings, continues its influence through- out the year. The fancy, of which it is ray purpose to treat in this and succeeding papers, is one of the latest development in this country. True, for many years there have been a few per- sons who have kept and bred the "fancy" varieties of rabbits, but I think I may take to myself the credit of being the flrst person in America who bred and exhibited rabbits in any great number and variety. The exhibition, two years ago, at several of the leading shows, of seven diff'erent varieties of these pretty pets, seemed to awaken the dormant interest, and now we flnd at many of our lead- ing exhibitions the rabbit class one of prominence, the entries numerous, and the cages filled with specimens of yearly increasing excellence. The interest is one that must steadily increase, for the space required for these pets is smaller and more readily obtained than for either poultry or pigeons. And now for a word of advice to prospective rabbit fan- ciers. Do not commence with high-priced stock. You will find much to learn, and as with all those who have preceded you, your best teacher will be your own experience. To commence with, procure some of the hardier and le.ss expen- sive kinds — the Himalaj'an, Angora, Dutch or common variety — and after finding yourself successful with these, then launch out into more costly and valuable specimens. HUTCHES. Before purchasing your stock of rabbits, it will be well to provide a place to keep them. For the common rabbit, pens partitioned ofl' in some outhouse or "court," either above ground or sunken, are most generally in use ; but, for the fancy varieties, hutches are by far the most prefer- able ; in fact, perfect success in the development of the Lop- eared variety can be attained under no other system of management. The hackneyed saying which has appeared in nearly every work on rabbits, that " any man can make a rabbit hutch," is very far from true. I grant that most any man can make a box in which a rabbit may be confined, but a box and a hutch, in my estimation, are two very different articles. A very good substitute for a breeding hutch may be made out of a shoe box, by partitioning off nine or ten inches of the small end, leaving an opening in the partition five inches wide, and six or seven high at the back end. The front of this apartment should be tight, and hinged inde- dendent of the door of the larger apartment. This latter door should be of wire, or wire netting, and hinged on top or at the side. One of the simplest styles of plain box hutches is illus- trated in the accompanying engraving (Fig. 1). This is three feet long, eighteen inches high, and twenty inches wide — the corner posts projecting two inches below the floor of the hutch in front, and one inch behind, thus giving the floor a little descent, so as to carry off the water. The door. A, is swung from the top, on a screw or pivot, and is held up by a pin or hook, D. A partition, either fast or sliding, is shown at C, shutting off a space ten inches wide FA NC IK US' JOUUNAfi AND POULTRY KXCIlAN(Jli. 4'J.j for a broeding or nesting pen, a door, li, hung on hinges, opening into it. A hole should bo made in this pnrtition about six inclios in dinmeter, for tlio ingress ov egress of the doo. It would bo more .siilisfactory to our young friends to nuUce the front of the large apartment of liith or of wiro Fig. 2. (soo Fig. 2). Tho floor should project at the back from a half to tbroo-quartors of an inch, and a space of one-quarter of an inch bo loft between tho floor and the back of tho hutch. A small tin or zinc gutter may be tacked to the under part of this projection, letting one end bo a little the lowest. All the liquid drainings of tho hutch may thus be caught in a pail or basin. Three or four of these hutches may bo placed one above the other, and one pail serve for all. A hutch for tho buck, and also for young rabbits after weaning, may be built the same as Fig. 2, only leaving out tho partition, and making tho whole front of lath or wire. Hutches built in this way are within tho reach of nearly every one, and answer as good a purpose, if kept well cleaned, as tho most elaborately and expensively built. A very great improvement to the hutch shown in Fig. 2, is an extra or double floor. The bottom floor should be made of tongue and grooved boards, i)ainted, or else of plain boards covered with zinc; tho upper floor of lath, with the edges rounded, or of three-fourth inch round rods, placed about one-half inch apart, and elevated one inch above tho lower floor. This arrangement, if well covered with litter, makes a very warm, as well as dry hutch. Of course, those conve- niences and others may be added by tho fancier to any extent his pur.?o and fancy may warrant. The ornamenta- tion may be as elaborate as ho pleases. I have hoard of slate floors, polished mahogany doors with porcelain knobs, and fixtures, etc., to match, but none of those conduce to successful brooding. Just as fine rabbits may be raised in such a hutch as we illustrate in Figs. 1 or 2, as in a more expensive one. Tho main requisites in a hutch arc cleanli- ness, which will keep tho inmates in health, and convenience for feeding, cleaning, and examining the young. Keeping thoso in view, a simple hutch is as favorable to success as a more expen.'iivo one. 8@"A hugo leather turtle, weighing 1275 pounds, wa.« captured otf Long Branch, a fow days ago, by a party of gontloraen who were out on a fishing trip in the yacht Dreadnaught. Tho sea monster is tho largest ever known to have boon caught, and measures ten foot from tip to tip, and thirteen foot in circuniforonce. Its head is like that of a sea lion, and is inclosed in a shell the outside of which has tho appearance of French calfskin. Tho under shell is yel- low and rosombles Italian marble in its appearance. IjEIVI fi®""It'8 well enough for you to name your boy Elins,'' said Aunt Hepzihah ; " but for gracious goodness' sake don't name him Alias, 'cause the Aliases is always a-cultin' up bad. Here's Alias Jotios, Alius IJrown, Alia.s Thompson, Alias Onc-oycd Jack, all been took up for rob bin' an' stealin.' " JB®" Simon BouH'ard, tho famous banker of tho rag-pickers of Paris, is dead. At tho time of his death he had attained the ago of eighty yi ars, forty of which he .'pent in a little shanty on the outskirts of Paris, pursuing his calling of lending money to rag-pickers. His usual custom was to exact fifteen per cent, interest, taking whatever rags the borrower might have as security. His only companions were a cat and a monkey, and when he was found dead the cat was playing with his head, and tho monkey had on his cap and spectacles. By his business he made a fortune of nearly $100,000, all of which goes to tho State, as he left no heirs or relatives. J8®" A cat was soon a few days ago in Plymouth, making tolerably good time through a field towards a barn, evidently tussling with something which impeded her progress. In- spection proved that the cat had caught a black snake four and a half feet long, and with her fangs set firmly in its body about midway of its length, was dragging the varmint homo, the snake all the while fighting and struggling, dart- ing out its forked tongue and trying to straighten out its length, doubled in two parts from the bite which puss held in her bite. Finding herself the centre of a group of in- teresting observers, modest tabby retreated under the barn, drawing her captive after her. B@" A curious story is told of an owl in Rutherford Co., Tonn. A farmer had for months been steadily losing his chickens until his flock was reduced to a very unprofitable number. Ho at last set a steel trap on an old dead limb upon which the bird of night was in the habit of lighting. It proved eficctive. But the owl, though "trapped," was by no means fastened. By dint of repeated cfl'orts it succeeded in breaking the string that hold the trap, and soared ofl' with the latter instrument clinging to its leg. And now comes tho wonderful part of tho story: After the lapse of six months — on the honor of a respectable local journal — that owl was shot within ton miles of a farmer's house, and the trap was found with its grip on the bird's leg unrelaxed. 8@»TnE PROcrcTioN of Lkkches. — Among the most singular sources of industrial production in tho world are the leech-ponds of Holland. A good fat leech, of jHiwerful suction, is not a thing to bo condemned. Brockloin is the town most interoste.l in this strange trade, and owns stock in the company mentioned above, to the amount of one million florins, and an immense reservoir has been construct- ed in which to brood millions of various leeches, fine brown- black fellows, warranted to hold on like aquatic bulldogs. What will make tho experiment a profitable one, is tlio fact that tho demand for leeches has of late years exceeded the supply. It is thought that as so largo a demand comes from Paris, they must bo used otherwise than for medical pur- pases, most probably for some fine gastronomic dishes. 496 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. B®°The Zoological Society of London has maintained a severe loss in the death of a female Indian elephant. A correspondent of the London News, in writing about the animal, says that the cause of its death has not been accu- rately discovered, although the body has been subjected to a post-mortem examination. The elephant in question will be remembered as one of those upon whose backs it has been the delight of thousands of children to ride year after year. Its exact age has not been ascertained, but it is believed to have been about twenty years old. The immense quantity of food consumed by the animal daily appears almost in- credible. It is calculated that, on ordinary days, the amount of food in the shape of buns, biscuits, and fruit given to each elephant by the visitors, together with that supplied regularly by the keepers, cannot have been less than eighty pounds. The Indian elephant is, as a rule, much more tractable and capable of domestication than its African rela- tive. The subject of this memoir was generally on ex- cellent terms with its keepers, whose voice was in most cases sufficient to insure strict obedience to their instructions. A gentle tap with a cane or whip was all that was necessary to recall the wandering attention of the animal. The brain weighed over twelve pounds. It will be placed in spirits and deposited in the Museum of the Eoyal College of Sur- geons. Preparations are being made to prepare the skeleton of the animal for exhibition. 8^" The Leader. — I sometimes think what a word leader is, if we really dive into its meaning. It reminds me of the speech of the young English king, who, when this nation found itself for a moment without a leader, came forward and said; " I will be j'our leader." I do not say that the leaders in our great journals really rise to the height of this position; but still they claim it, and it is their position if they would rightly fill it. There are some chapters in the Koran called the " Terrific Suras," because it is said the Prophet's hair turned white in a single night while he was composing them. I think the " Terriiic Suras " of our modern journals must be the leaders composed at a moment's notice in the dead of night, on some heart-stirring event with results which may shake the nations. What respon- sibility, what labor can be greater than this ? I have been told by one who heard it from a master in the art, that he could only compare the effort of writing a leading article to the tension and energy compressed into the attitude of a crouching tiger. A.ssuredly when I think of this it seems to me to be one of the most unattainable, unapproachable pieces of human workmanship that can be conceived. Speaking for a moment of myself, when I think what an effort it costs me to write even a single letter, anonymous or otherwise, to one of our great journals, addressing myself to the whole reading public of England, I cannot but reflect how incalculably greater must be the effort of those effusions of which I have just spoken. — Dean Stanley. JJ@" A boy living at Drowned Lands gave a horse Paris green "just to see if the animal would die or not." He was gratified, as the horse lived but a short time after eating the poison. — Goshen Republican. Jg®" A case involving the ownership of a hog, which owns neither ears nor tail, is vexing the County Court of Clark, Ky., and is threatening to divide the county into two bitter factions. — Louisville Ledger. ADTERTISEMEKTS From reliable parties, ou any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per Hue of about twelye words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Pkompt Payments, For three months, 12i^ per cent, discount. " six months, 25 " " " nine months 37J^ " " " twelve months 50 " " CHANQED AS OFTEBT AS DESIBEB. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchanges and Wants, limited to 4S words, must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. 4®* Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Nonpareil Measurement. Count your lines by this rule, from line to line. ExcJjy^rJqES. .8®" Advertisements in this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty EiQHT Words, describing and offering for exchaiig'e only, WILL BE allowed AT 25 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. A. E, ABBOTT, East Hampton, Hampshire Co., Mass., will ex- change one pair S. S. HamburK fowls, one trio Aylesbury Ducks (pre- miums on both above), and White Leghorn chicks (May hatch)— for Brown B. Games, Plymouth Rocks, or Blue Pouters. What oft'ers? W. F. MTJCMSEORE, Basking Ridge, N. J., will exchange first- class poultry for exhibition coops, scroll saw, or printing press. Rev. U. MTERS, Turbitville, Northumberland Co., Pa., will ex- change a fine trio of Dark Brahmas, April hatch (Williams' and Sharp- less' stock)— for AVright's Illustrated Book of Poultry (hound), or a mock- ing-bird and cage, a goo'i singer. "W. J. EVENDEN", Williamsport, Pa., will exchange Pouters. Red Carriers, Black aud Starling Priests, Yellow and Mottled Tumblers, White Fans, B. B. R. Game Bantam chicks, and Maltese kittens — for Ferrets, Duckwing or Pyle Game Bantams, or merchandise. What offers? I., T. CHARIiES, Hornellsville, N. Y., will exchange Angora, Himalayan, and Dutch Rabbits, pair Red Tumblers, pair Red and White Jacobins, pair Turtle Doves, White Leghorns, and Houdans— for Guinea Pigs (solid colors), Floebert's Rifles, Engravers* Tools, or an equivalent not in the live stock line. A. WITZEE, Room No. 16, Keeler Block, Rochester, N. Y., will ex- change one A-No.-l Black Hamburg cock, for one good pair Red Pyle Game Bantams ; also, one pair of Black Quakers, one pair of young Car- riers— male red, female black, one Black Tumbler cock — for good solid colored Trumpeters. A. OAINES, Castile, N. Y., has a fine Spitz pup, and one pair fair Brown Leghorns — to exchange for Fancy Pigeons, or -Pet Stock, Birds, etc. W, B. ATBtERTON, Newton, L. Falls, Mass., will exchange one trio White Polish (Jenning's strain) for White Polish hens or pullets , any strain but Jenning's. T. 1>. ADAMS, Franklin, Pa., will exchange an English Fox Terrier dog and four brown Leghorn hens or Buff Cochins, for a pair of Scotch Terriers (male and female), or female with pups. 1VIB9EER «& CO., 72 Adams Street, Rochester, N. Y., will exchange Bcack-red Games, Houdans, Bolton Grays, Silver Polands, Black-red Bantams, Sebright hen, Ring Neck Doves, Black Hamburg hen, and Red Bird — for Black and Dun Carriers, Mocking Bird, Type, Revolver, or other merchandise. W. C. EATON, Photographer, Newark, N. J., will make PHOTO- GRAPHS from life or copies; all kinds of small pictures copied and enlarged to any size desired, fiuished in ink, colors, or crayon— satisfac- tion guaranteed— for Asiatics, '74 hatch, not particular about being up to standard, only want heavy fowls, seven pounds and upwards. FANCIKKS' JOURNAL ANL> POULTRY EXCITAJS^GK Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, AUGUST 12, 1875. No. 32. IF WE KNEW. I If wc knew tlio euros and crossos, Crowdinj; round our neighbor's way, 'If we Unew tlio little losses, Sorely grievous day by day, ^^ Would we then so often chide him For his lack of thrift and gain, Leaving on his heart a shadow, Leaving on our lives a stain ? If we knew the clouds above us, Held by gentle blessings there. Would we turn away all trembling In our blind and weak despair? Would we shrink I'roin little shadows, Lying on the drowsy grass. While 'tis only birds of Eden, Just in mercy flying past? If we knew the silent story. Quivering through the heart of Cain, Would our manhood dare to doom him Back to haunts of guilt again ? Life hatli many a tangled crossing, Joy hath many a break of woe. And the cheeks, tear-washed, are whitest. This the blessed angels know. Let us reach into our bosoms For the key to other lives. And with love toward erring nature, Cherish good that Still survives; So that when our disrobed spirits Soar to realms of light again, Wo may say, dear Father, judge us. As we judge our fellow men. — Kentucky Live Stock Juurnal. CAPTIVITY AMONG SAVAGES. The following account of the history of a boy who was with a savage tribe seventeen years, and has been lately res- cued, is given : It appears that he at first oceu])ied the posi- tion as cabin boy on the ship Saint Paul, of Bordeaux. One moonless night, while on a voyage from China to Australia, and conveying some three hundred and fifty Chinese immi- grants, the ship struck on a reef in the Louisiade group of islands, in the Pacific Ocean, southwest of New Guinea, and was totally wrecked. The captain, crew, and immigrants, however, reached an island in safety, some in boats, and others along the reef. One of the three boats was damaged on the rocks, and the remaining two being quite inadequate to convey all hands to any other land, it became evident that the crew, if they wished to save themselves, must leave the Chinese to shift for themselves. Accordingly, the Euro- peans made for a neighboring island, where they were at- tacked by the blacks, and forced to leave. During this attack the cabin boy received a violent blow on the head with a stone, but managed to reach the bout, and the crew returned to the island which had first afforded them refuge. Once more in comparative safety, their former fears re- turned, and they held a consultation as to what should be done, and it was finally decided to embark in silence in the dead of night, when the Chinese were asleep. The boy, overhearing what was said, followed the sailors down in the boat, and embarked with them in their new venture. The Captain told the men that they should make for a country where they would either fall in with English settlers or English vessels. The duration of the voyage is uncertain, but must have been considerable, as the distance traversed cannot have been less than six hundred miles. It seems clear that the men endured great hardships; for, having no fire, they were compelled to live on flour and such uncooked birds as they could catch or knock down ; and further, that for three or four days before sighting the Australian coast, their supply of fresh water ran out. The point where they landed is known as " First Ked Kocky Point," which is south of Cape Direction. Kaging with thirst, the crew, consisting of the captain, seven men, and the cabin boy, drew the boat up on to the beach and searched for water, and their search was rewarded by find- ing a small water-hole, but the supply proved insufficient for all, and was consumed by the men, leaving none for the cabin boy, already half dead from hunger, thirst, and expos- ure, and with feet cut to pieces by the sharp coral of the reef. The captain and his men (leaving the cabin boy to his fate) retraced their way to their boat, and ultimately reached New Caledonia. It appears that the blacks on the mainland, happening to cross the track of the boat's crew, followed it up to the water-hole, and there found the dying boy. They treated him with the greatest kindness, fed him, and finally led him away to their camp. With this tribe, known in their own tongue as the " Macadamas," he remained for seventeen years, until he was discovered and taken away on the llth of last April by a crew of a schooner lying at the Night Island. When discovered, the boy was naked, like the rest of the tribe, his body burned by the sun to a rich red color, and having a glazed appearance. His ear was ornamented with a piece of wood about half an inch in diameter and four inches long. After his desertion by the captain and men, his thoughts continually wandered to his father and mother: but, as years rolled on, these faded from his memory, and he became thoroughly identified with the blacks. Now, that he has been reclaimed to civilization, his greatest pleas- ure appears to be in reading a French novel, with which his kind instructor supplied him when shipping him in a steamer. His account of life among the blacks is necessarily meagre, partly because he has still some difficulty in expressing his ideas in French. His life, like that of the men of his tribe, appears to have been principally passed in fishing and hunt- ing. One of the remarkable features connected with him is that, although a boy when he deserted, he has retained his knowledge of reading, writing,- and counting. Not only can he read print, but he can, to a great extent, read ordi- narv handwriting. During his stav on board he has drawn 498 FANCIER S' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. some excellent sketches of the animals he had hunted. A subscription has been taken up, and the money received is to be remitted to France, through the French Consul, to be there applied as seemed best for the furtherance of his interest. — Public Ledger. THE DEAD "EMPRESS." An Eleven Thousand Pound Elephant on the Dissecting Table at the "Zoo." — Her Checkered Story. — Last of an Old Sight for Boys and Girls. Hbr Majesty is dead. The Empress has finally succumbed to old age, and her carcass was last night in the hands of the disarticulators. Darkness shrouded the earth when The Times reporter endeavored to gain admission to the Zoo- logical Garden in order to gather facts in regard to the de- ceased " Empress." He whistled loud and long, but met no response save the hoarse, hard laugh of a restless hyena, and the occasional deep-bayed growl of the magnificent Ben- gal tiger. At last the fence bordering the garden was climbed, at the expense of a half yard of coat-tail, and Capt. Thompson's house was reached, after shins and garden seats had been in frequent collision. At length alight glimmered through the trees, and Capt. Thompson, pipe in teeth, as usual, came along the wire-girded pathway leading to his home. "Want to see the remains of her majesty? Come with me, sir," and the be-bearded Captain led his visitor along dark pathways and by corrals containing sleeping antelopes and kangaroos, until he came to the miry spot where " the Empress " drooped and died. "She went like a shot out of a gun, sir," said the Superintendent, " and as she fell over when released from the slings, which you know have upheld her for the last few weeks, she broke the tusk you were plaj'ing with in my office just now, short ofl'. Her weight, sir ? Eleven thousand pounds, though she fell away considerably during her illness. She was born in Cey- lon, and her age we believe to be about 85 years. She was purchased by us from Dr. Spaulding, a former partner of Rogers, the coach-builder. Does her chum, the St. Ber- nard, miss her ? I don't think he realizes the fact that she's dead as yet. Don't go too near him, sir, he's ugly after dark. No, he's not thoroughbred, and never saw the Jung- frau or St. Golhard." Carefully following the will-o'-the-wisp carried by the Captain, the reporter waded through the slush and mud until he reached the place where the old elephant was lately in the slings. Here, busy at work with cleaver and knife, were several butchers stripping the ponderous bones of the hugh animal of the flesh that has so long covered them, piling the intestines in tubs, and unscientifically disarticu- lating the poor old Queen of the " Zoo." " We are going to have her skeleton properly prepared for exhibition," said Mr. Scattergood, with a deep-drawn sigh, as he gazed ruefully upon the huge chunks of ruddy flesh that were being torn from the cai'cass. " Yes, it might come in useful during a siege, might not be unpalatable, still I think that her old friends in the Garden would rather starve than eat a mouthful of her." '• What are you going to do with all this flesh that you are carting away, Captain Thompson?" " M. L. Shoemaker is taking it away to render down for the sake of the grease, and he will return the bones when they are pretty well cleaned, to the Zoological authorities. Mr. Nash, of the University Hospital, will articulate them and make up the skeleton.'' " Did you save her brain ?" " No, sir. We could not have done so without destroying partially the cerebral cavities. That's a tumor, and it must have been a great affliction to the poor old girl." The speaker pointed to a- pulpy mass, weighing about eighty pounds, that was lying upon a bench hard by. "Here is her heart — it was in the right place — and there is her liver. No tubercles in that, sir, though she was an East Indian. Do I regret her? I do, indeed! you get out!" and the Captain gave a kick at a little fox, which was fortunately far out of his reach, in order to vent his regret, to relieve himself of the sorrow that was evidently aflTecting him. The "Empress" was an unwieldy brute, and has of late been a source of great trouble and annoyance to the keepers at the Zoolog^iR Garden, but her loss is a severe one to the Society, as her value, on account of her bulk and age, was great. The deceased " Empress" had a checkered career; but amid all her trials and troubles she was always good- tempered and exhibited a kindly disposition that made her a favorite with all. Some years ago she fell through abridge while on her travels witl\ a managerie and sustained the spinal injuries wliich have ultimately resulted in her having to be placed in slings under a derrick. Her ponderosity and great age was the final causes of her collapse, " La reine est mort !" raurmered the reporter, as he left the dis- secting place and followed the glare of the Captain's lantern down the asphalt pathways and out into the roadways lead- ing home. — Philadelphia Times. PoJljf^Y DEpy^F^jjviEfJT- (For Fanciers' Journal.) NEW BREEDS. J. W. p. H., in Juljr number of Poultry World, saj's : " Why should the A. P. A. hasten to recognize new varieties, with so much on its hands to perfect and establish the old reliables ?" Now, if it has so much to do in order to estab- lish such breeds as the "pristine Spanish," after taking them out of old experienced hands, who perhaps have made a specialty of them for a half century, then we must avow our intentions of either throwing the book or the breed away. For with the book, which he expects us to credit as knowl- edge gained from experience, those breeds are going down hill, and we think the higher up the White-face or the Black Spanish extends the lower he gets in stamina and blood ; but in establishing this breed fully, in order that they shall be pure in blood, this White-face must go up, if reason, common sense, constitution and all else go down. Is it lack of imported birds why the noble Black Spanish have roamed? Must we admit our inability to keep this variety? That poultry raising is a lost art with a few fossils remaining of breeds quite extinct ? But yet our societies and journals PANCIBRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 499 must porsistontly refiiso ingross to any innovation?, oven Eumpless or Prizlios. Wo nood ju8t Biu;li mon lis brother Hovoy to tone down tlioso extremes, but wo do lliink lie is altogotlior too conservative. Tlie naino " Granger " suggested itself wliilu looking over one recent communication, and practically " way down here in Maine" we know but little of the "average granger;" yet, if Ae is the "coming man," wo shall cordially welcome him, though as Mr. Hovoy says, our Cochin will have to give the grip for wo cannot do it; yet Brother II. would b(^ less troubled out West, with mushroom cities and " papi'r men," wore the principles of this order fully carried out. The English look upon innovations, and may we not say improvements, as a scourge, intolerable at least ; and rather than "change," they still go in through the sides of their railroad " wagons," and doubtless to them as well as to some on this side of the water, a " shower of novelties " would be quite enough to "distract," if not bring on total domenta- tion — a sad warning to those who look around too much or fall out of some old rut and fear distracting some by an horizontal position. And yet. Brother Merry says, in same number of Poultry World, " He who never strikes out of the beaten path is — " what? "a drone;" and I. K. Folcli says, "A hick of independence seems to be a fault with our poultry breeders." The Leghorns, etc., wore never originated from another kind, or kinds, of fowls. Whence como those breeds, pray? Were they of antediluvian date? Now, a word that must, as a " matter of course," frighten some poor conservative soul. We have bred, exclusively, one (and wo think the best) variety of fowl for three years. We started with good stock, and by careful selection have managed to get a larger percentage near the standard this year than ever before. Our fowls have an unlimited run of fields, pastures, roads, etc. ; burrowing on the same knoll with partridges. We have reduced our breeding flock of 1875 to a small number, in order to breed from none but standard fowls, with a long line of standard ancestors in the real'. Two of thebestbreeding-hons we have, or ever had, sprung from a dunghill, whose plumage happened a/ac simiU of this breed I whose progeny came as well-marked as herself; and some of the strongest and healthiest chicks now come from these. They exceed as layers ; the only perccptable ditference being in the disposition, which, nevertheless, is an improve- ment. But, what an incongruity I dunghill blood coursing in the veins of high-class fowls ! Will it harm anything to thus bring up the stamina and standard together? And with theso lineal descendants of "nations," wo may go to Chicago and match Brother Hovey's fowls next winter. With great respect, we remain. His and yours respectfully, UoLi.is Ckntkk, Mk. T. J. McDANiKr.. JUDGING POULTRY. We shall consider this subject from a diHerent standpoint than the one usually taken. There are a few men (perhaps very few, and certainly too few) who are competent to judge at our " big " shows. Who, then, shall do it at the multi- tude of State and county, and even district shows, which are held all over the country, in which the exhibitor is so often injured and disgusted ? We want a growing crop of judges, who, by practice at the smaller shows, shall be com- petent at least to criticise ; and, by thus doing, insure greater care and better judging at the larger gatherings. Again, we niM-d bi-tter judges among the exhibitors, which would enable them to seh'ct their best birds, and properly mutch them. At one show at which I acted on Asiatics, the largest ex- hibitor, who had the best collection of fowls, failed to receive the premiums, lii^ due, from inability to match bis trios. Before I had looked through the poultrj-, or commenced judg- ing, I requested of the Executive Committee to be allowed to change a few birds into different coups, but the request was very properly denied, and the best slock failed to win what it deserved. The point I wish to make is this : Every poultry bn^eder should practice judging on bis own poultry. Every year destroy the culls. Watch the grow- ing flock, and thin, thin, thin out. Editors say, " Boil down your articles;" nurserymen say, " It is always the time of year to prune when the knife is sharp ; " fruit-raisers say, " Thin out the fruit, as a bushel of choice will bring more money than three bushels of inferior." That these rules apply to choice poultry, however choice, I am satisfied. Watch yoHr growing chickens, thin them out, giving the best a bettor chance. It is always the right time to kill off the poorer and boil them down, literally, unless you prefer a broil or roast. Because your breeding slock cost big money, do not .«ave a mean product; and remember, loo, you are practicing the first le.ssons, which may make you capable of judging at Chicago or Buffalo in the future. — J. W. P. HovEY, tM Poultry Nation. (For Fanciers' Journal.) TRIPS AMONG THE FANCIERS. After our trip to lladdontield we just felt in the humor of tripping about, so the following day found us journeying toward Chestnut Hill. Leaving the cars at Willow Grove wo were soon rambling over the fields in company with Mr. A. P. Groves, examining his splendid flock of Partridge Cochins. Friend Groves has a flock of seventeen bens or more of this variety that for size or penciling are unequaled by any we have seen, not even excepting the stock of the late D. W. Horstine. Mr. Groves has been remarkably suc- cessful in hatching chicks of this variety, having a flock of about one hundred from one to four months old, and none could be called scrubby ; but, on the contrary, the pullets are very fine, showing beautiful penciling already. Mr. Groves still breeds Buff Cochins, but has not been as successful with them as with the Partridge. Roaming about over the lawn, amongst the plants and shrubbery, we noticed several broods of beautiful Black Kcd Game Bantams. Having gone the rounds of Mr. Groves' yards, which are several acres in extent, he accompanied us to the residence of Sir. G. W. Fredericks, about a mile distant. That gentle- man being at hi>me, rightly surmised that we had come to see the slock, and accordingly led the way to the poultry ' department. Here wo saw some fine Creveoieurs, Golden- Penciled Hamburgs, White-faced Black Spanish, Buff and Partridge Cochins, AVhite-Crcsled White Polish, and White Cochins. Of this last named variety Mr. Fredericks has some very fine chicks, they being good both in size and color. The contest between him and Friend Mann on this variety bids fair to be sharp. Our attention was next called to a Black-Breasted Ked Game cock one of the club prize birds 500 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. at Philadelphia last winter; he looks as if he might light when occasion required, nevertheless he is sadly henpecked. Mr. F. also has some nice Red Pyle Bantams, including bis prize birds at Philadelphia. After chatting upon various topics appertaining to chick- enology, we bade Mr. F. adieu and started for the residence of Dr. T. B. Eaynor. A few minutes walk brought us to our destination, and we found the Doctor at home. He was disabled, however, by being kicked in the side by a horse, from the effects of which he has been confined to his bed for many weeks ; hence, he was unable to show his fowls in per- son but did so by proxy. The Doctor has been long known as a breeder of good Dark Brahmas, and in his yards we saw some good birds, including a dozen or more hens, several of which were fine in shape, size, and penciling. The Doctor has introduced fresh blood this season by breeding from a cockerel from the yards of Charles A. Sweet, and, judging from the appearance of some of the young chicks, he will prove himself to be a good stock-getter. Eeturning to the house we found the Doctor in his invalid chair upon the piazza ; and all who have enjoyed the pleas- ure of his company, can readily understand how quickly and pleasantly the afternoon passed, and the time arrived for us to take our departure. Bidding him farewell we wended our way to the station (accompanied by Mr. Groves, who ex- acted a promise from us that we would come again when October's frost shall have tinged the maples and the young Partridges have donned their adult plumage) well pleased with our day's visit. W. E. Flower. (For Fanciers' Journal.) "TOO MANY BREEDS AT ONCE." "One thing at a time" is, no doubt, a good maxim if rightly applied. Whether so applied in its so frequent late application to the breeding of chickens I somewhat question, especially in the so much advice to amateurs. Let the amateur fancier that has the means, room, time, money, indulge his fancy to the extent of a dozen breeds if he so desires ; even if by so doing he enter the school of adver- sity— it is a good school. The question is not one breed or a dozen breeds, but what the amateur has in view — what he desires to accomplish. He is the one to determine how many breeds it requires to accomplish his object. The " one thing at a time," or the one breed at a time party, aim at elevating it to an ideal perfection. Here the question turns upon what is perfection. Tom's idea may be different from Dick's, and Dick's may be different from Harry's. Whose ideal is correct? How decide? How escape this dilemma? By breeding to a recognized standard. It is no easy thing to breed birds up to a standard ; and I assert that a party might select a breed and breed it for 999 years, were it pos- sible, and they would be very far from getting all their birds perfect. The one breed party would, no doubt, not object to the adding to the one breed selected, turkeys, geese, ducks, guinea fowls, pea fowls, etc., ad infinitum; but no two breeds of chickens. They carry their idea too far, and in this connection I must say that I think Mr. A. M. Dickie very unfortunate in his illustrations. "Agassiz," he says, " spread himself out" on "Natural History." Well, that is a wide field. We will not take into consideration what he did on Zoology, his work on the glacial theory, his re- searches on fossil fishes ; but his Natural History of the fresh-water fishes of Europe. Now, following his argument, he would have said to Mr. Agassiz, do not study the Natural History of all the fresh- water fishes of Europe, but one kind only. There is as wide a stretch between his contrasts as there would be the require- ment in ones knowledge of breeding chickens and a nameless bird. See the wide difference between " politics and money- making " and a professorship of modern language and belle-lettres ; a money-changer and a mathematician; an editor and a showman. Longfellow, he would have " sing sweetly " only one tune. He would not have Horace Greely the far-seeing, wide knowledge editor, but continually piping "young man, go west ! go west! " Barnum, he would not have the great variety showman, but confine himself to the arena. From New York he would have instead of its varied dairy interest — cheese. From Illinois he would have corn, the eight rowed, pork, Berkshire beef — short horn. Delaware he would have confine herself to one peach. New Jersey one fruit — most likely the whortleberry. The illus- trations won't do. The one breed party must not refine so finely. I too believe in specialties, but not as put by its seeming friends. The difference between the different varie- ties of chickens is not so much that a man is not able to breed more than one variety with success. If he has the time, room and means, he can breed a half a dozen varieties, and that with success. I do not mean the success of the show-room, hut true success. Cbbsheim. (For Fanciers' Journal.) STRAY NOTES. BY THE ASSOCIATE EDITOR. Jttne 29th was the daj' advertised for the sale of sixteen head of Alderney cattle, by A. E. Kapp, E.sq., in the little town of Northumberland, and the same date and place were fixed for the meeting of the Northumberland County Agri- cultural Society. The two brought together a large number of visitors, many of them owners of fine stock. Indeed, while we knew of the fine stock of Mr. Kapp, and that of Col. Taggart, we were surprised to find that so much in the shape of blooded cattle, and particularljr Alderney, was to be found in this unassuming county. After having satisfied ourselves with the purchase of a brace of nice Alderney cows, we accepted the invitation of Col. Taggart to pay a a visit to his yard, stopping briefly on the way to look in upon a new-made acquaintance and friend in the person of J. S. Dieffenbach. Mr. Dieffenbach is really only a begin- ner in the fancy, but he knows what a good fowl is, and besides is full of that enthusiasm and pride in the breeding of good fowls which will insure success. We had allotted ourselves one hour and a half to the inspection of Col. Tag- gart's stock, and when the time had expired we regretfully shook hands with the genial Colonel and walked briskly for the approaching train. Time and space will not permit us to say here all we would like to say as to our visit and the enthusiasm of this model fancier. Colonel Taggart is much better known to the older members of the poultry fraternity than to the younger. His experience as a fancier extends over twenty-five years ; in fact, the writer first made his acquaintance as a poultry-writer when a boy, in the first edition of Wilson and Kerr's Poultr}' Book, issued in 1852. His letters to Dr. Kerr (Asa Kugg), were not written for publication, but simply as containing information to be used, and no one was more surprised than Mr: Taggart himself to find the letters in print. His poultry j'ards cover about half an acre and are devoted solely to his stock. At present, KAIS CI K liS' JUUIINAIj AND P(;UI/rUY KX(JHANGE. 501 including diiclis, he linn idioul, tlirnc, liiindi'od hoiul of yoiin;; fowl, embracing IJuffand Piirliidgu Cocliins, Guidon Duck- wing (lame liantams, JJi'own and Wliitn Lcglionis, Silver Polands, Silvoi'-S|ianglod llairibiii'gs, lloiidiuiii, Silliics, Aylesbury, Kouen, and lilacU (Jeeso. Among the most notables nf his fowls is a pair of Game Bantams, now ten months old and presumably of full sine, which weigh twenty ounces to tlie pair. That is small and yot a great thing for Game liantams. The Partridge Cochin cock from which the Colonel breed.s is a beautiful bird, although in a show we have no doubt a poorer specimen would boat him. His breast is not a solid black, but has Bome brown intermingled. The Colonel argues, and wo think him right, that the best colored pullets cannot be produced by a black-breasted cock, and inasmuch as at least a'lK times as many pullets as cocks are wanted, it is all the more important that such a cock shall be used as will produce the best pullets. Some of the hens bred by him are as fine in shape and beauty of markings as any we have ever seen. All that mossiness which marks so many flocks is avoided. One of the oddest sights we saw was a flock representing eight varieties; A hen (Dorking), with four varieties of chicks and three of ducklings, sunning thcmiselvcs in what might bo called the poultry pasture. In regard to this pasture we have also a word to say in passing. We found here several beds about thirty feet square each, in which Mr. Taggart buries oats, several bushels to the bed. The grain begins, of course, at once to swell and germinate, and the fowls have free access, scratching and eating the tender sprouts to their hearts' content. While the fowls are thus busy on one bod, a new one is prepared which is in readiness by the time the flrst is exhausted. In this way the fowls enjoy not only the benefits of vegetation, but have ample exercise at the .same time. The idea is a good one, and we arc glad to call attention to it. In our own yards we have found the benefit of it, and are glad to learn that we are not alone in the practice. We were also much pleased with the coops used by the Colonel for his hens with broods. These are all made of light wood, the front and fully one- third of the front part of the sides being of wire, making them light and airy, and yet, at the same time, giving ample shelter. Those are moved daily from one point to another, and keep the little chicks in perfect health. A visit to the stable brought to our notice five of the finest Aldernoy cows that we have ever seen. We wish we had time to tell here all that the Colonel told us about them, but space will not permit. A call at the pigeon loft com- pleted our tour. Mr. Taggart has but lately gone into pig- eons, but already ho has some rare specimens in the shape of White Fans, White Owls, Black Carriers, Swallows and Tumblers. He is the possessor of a pair of Black Carriers which are hard to beat. The reader will have decided by this that there arc few fanciers more ardent than Mr. Tag- gart, and, we are glad to add, that there are few who make loss noise and less show of their knowledge. He was in former years President of the Pennsylvania Poultry Society for several years, and we believe, made the first poultry speech in America, at Albany, before llio National Associa- tion in, we think, 1857 or 'u8, which he followed a week or two later with one at Barnum's Museum, in New York, in response to the invitation of Mr. Barnum, who had met him at Albany. Having retired from his position in the regular army, he now devotes himself almost wholly to his fancy, and he says he is bound to gratify it if it takes half of his income. Wo called his attention at parting to the duty he owed the younger fanciers in the way of instruction, and pressed him to write for the Journal. Ho gave us n partial promise, but asked us not to make the mutter public, to we close lost we violate his confidence. (I'rum Journal of Horticulture.) THE EXHIBITION DORKING. No. •). UY T. C. BURNKM.. Having built a house and bought birds, the next question will bo what to feed them on, and it will be as well here to go through all the difterent foods, giving the merits and de- merits of each. Barlky is coniiniinly thought to bo tho onh' food that fowls can possibly rei|uiro, and many wretched birds are shut up in a small yard with nothing but a scanty allowance of this grain, and, to their owner's astonishment, do not pay. Fowls may be truly said to be omnivorous; they will eat and enjoy green food, grain, seeds, insects, worms, and a thousand things wo wot no.t of. They also require access to a heap of lime rubbish, which is to them what .salt is to us, besides helping to form the egg-shells ; and in addition to this they must have a supply of small stones to grind it all up with, gravel in the gizzard performing the same office for them that teeth do for us. It will be at once seen that, however good barley is, it is insufficient bj' itself to keep birds in good health, and it al- most amounts to cruelty to try to do so. For an occasional food it is well enough, but, in my opinion, is not equal to Wheat. The best wheat is at the present time selling at about .5s. 6rf. a bushel, and at this low price is by far the cheapest and best food we can use. I do not approve of tail or offal wheat, as I am sure with all grain the refuse, though low- priced, is by far the dearest in the end. It is very well for a farmer to use such stuff for it costs him nothing, but to buy such rubbish is a great mistake, more especially in barley, the lightest of which is all husk, and has no kernel. Good wheat, then, is my idea of a food, and one of which the fowls are particularly fond. They lay and do well upon it, and I think no one can err in giving their fowls one feed a day of it. Pkas and Beans are not generally used for fowls, but I can strongly recommend them. White peas are the best, and the beans should be cracked in a kibbling machine. Thoy both form a capital occasional food for laying stock, and will bring the birds into splendid feather. They must not be given in e.\ccss, nor to chickens which are intended for the table, as they will make the flesh very hard and tough ; but as old cocks and hens are generally pretty much this way already, no harm can be done them. Maize — or Indian corn, as it is called in England — is a large yellow grain, of which fowls are particularly fond. There are two sorts, large and small, tho latter the most ex- pensive. Jlaize is at tho present time rather dear, and I do not recommend it except for an occasional change once a week, and then not to the'white-feathered birds, or it will most certainly turn their plumage yellow. Some people may laugh at this idea, but such have only to see what cay- enne pepper will do for canaries to bo at once convinced. Maize is fattening, but is not a good egg or flesh-former, so is one of the worst foods for growing or laying stock ; but it 502 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. claims one merit — the sparrows cannot possibly swallow it, nor can it be trodden into the mud, and for this latter reason I generally have it used in wet and dirty weather. Oats will be relished for a change, but they must be sound and heavy or the fowls will not eat them. White oats are preferred, and they should not weigh less than thirty-nine pounds to the bushel. Rice I never use, and, though apparently cheap, it will be found ver}' dear in the end, as there is no " heart " in it. Buckwheat, a small dark grain, very much like hemp- seed, is strongly recommended by some, but I could never get my birds to eat it. I have tried it several times, both for old birds and chickens, but it always ended in waste. I daresay the fowls would eat it if seen, but none are so blind as those that won't see, and my birds seem determined not to see it even when laid on a white plate. A very little Hempseed is not a bad thing in the early part of the year to start the hens laying, but if given in ex- cess it is too forcing, and will cause them to lay eggs without shells. If given in the moulting season it is said to cause the new feathers to come of a darker color, but as to this I cannot speak from experience, for I do not use above a quart of it in a whole year. Grain ground up into meal and slaked with water — soft food, as it is called — should be given to exhibition birds at least once a day, as, though a little troublesome to manage, it will be very advantageous to the fowls. In cold weather it should be mixed with warm water into a crumbly mass ; and, if given warm on a winter's morning, will greatly promote laying. I always use a zinc bucket and an iron spoon to mix it, first pouring in a little water and then the meal ; if properly prepared it should not be sticky. Geoitnd Oats is generally considered to be the best staple food, and my own birds have one feed a day of it all the year round. It must be borne in mind that ground oats are not the same as oatmeal, but the whole grain ground up, husk and all ; it is very difBoult to obtain good, and I send nearly fifty miles for it, but am convinced that this extra expense is not money thrown away. When good it looks rather like coarse fiour, and mixed with water should not show much husk. Barley MEAL by itself is too sticky, and clams to the birds' bills, but if mixed with fine bran (sharps, as it is called) it will answer verj' well. I sometimes mix it with ground oats, but tine bran will do equally well, and is much cheaper. It will be seen from the above list that there is plenty of choice, and the oftener the diet is varied the better will the birds prosper ; but it must be borne in mind that Dork- ings fatten more readily than any other breed, and if we wish to keep them in good health they must not be overfed. In winter they may have almost as much as they will eat ; but in Slimmer they should be kept very short, especially if they have a grass run. Some green food is absolutely necessary. If not to be ob- tained in their yards they should have some given them daily. A mangel-wurzel is the best thing I know of, espe- cially as the roots are very cheap and will keep all through the winter. They should be chopped in half ; the fowls will very soon eat the heart out of them. My own Dorkings are fed twice a day — early in the morning and the last thing before roosting time. In addi- tion to this I usually go round the yards at mid-day with a pocketful of corn, and throw them a few grains while I see they are all as they should be, and it will be well to bear in mind that " the eye of the master makes the horse fat." One word as to purchasing food. If it is hoped ever to make fowls pay; the grain and meal must not be bought in small quantities, but should be purchased by the quarter or sack. Some friends of mine insist on purchasing it by the gallon, the result being that their birds often have none at all, and what they do have costs twice as much as my own. Very little need be said on the score of drinking water, save that it should be changed every day, and is best kept in iron vessels, as the latter are not easily broken, and if a little rusty will give a chalybeate taste which will be very beneficial. For a number of fowls an iron pig-trough will answer very well, while those that are sold as dog-dishes will do very well for a few. PiqEO[J DE[=;^i^j|viEflT. JACOBINS. For many years Jacobins have been as far beneath the standard of the old fanciers as either Trumpeters or Owls. What "Wiltshire Kector " so happily terms the "Baldhead style" has been in the ascendant — a poor thing, with an apology for a hood on the back of its head, or rather on the upper end of its neck, and then laid flat, and if it did not lie flat enough it was assisted by cutting away the feathers beneath. This made the bird look so like a Baldpate that at a short distance I have actually mistaken the one for the other in a badly-lighted loft. Then they have the mane — one of the greatest faults a Jacobin could have ; birds with it look as if the feathers on each side of the neck had been blown aside and remained so, with the so-called mane run- ning up between those holes. This mane had also another bad effect, as of course it runs up and joins the hood in a point, and so causing an angular appearance in the hood, which has again to be touched up to make it circular. The birds were, besides, coarse in head and beak, and large in body, with thick shoulders, so that many could not be han- dled easily unless both hands were used. They were also short in flights and tail, and of course short in the feathers of the hood and chain as well. This is one of the greatest faults a Jacobin can have. But all these defects seem to have been overlooked, or rather turned into beauties, provided the bird had pearl eyes, as if this was the chief property of a Jacobin. This eye is no doubt desirable, and adds to the beauty of a bird if fine in other properties, but ought not for a moment to come into competition with fine head, hood, and chain, thin shoul- ders, and length of feather ; obtain these, and then the proper eye will follow. It will be much easier to secure than the other points. The best specimens of the old Jacobin were very slim in girth, with long flights and tails, and fine heads and beaks, and the feathers of a soft silky texture all over. Birds of this style had the hood and chain much better developed than in the modern show Jacobin. The hood was upon the FANCIKRS' JOURNAL AND I.' O U LT K Y KXCHAN(iK. 5(13 head and thrown well forwunl, po lluit it roully riirinod a hood. 1 have seen a Rod Jiiuobin so gooil in llii.s respect that when looked at in a side or profile view only her back j was visible. She could not he. Ilovvn until part of her hood opposite each eye was cut away in order that she might see her way. Of course, even then such birds were not com- mon, but this was not wanted. Such birds had no mane — an abomination, butofcour.se it came — in fact, was too easy to obtain. It looks as if the now school had decided In make it a property, as well as the flat hood. Instead of the mane the feathers round the back of the head were nicely divided all round, and so forming the hood into the prn])er circular shape. How the show Jacobins of tlie present day have come to be believed in, can only bo accounted for by the fact that fanciers for many years have not had it in their power to see many of the best style of birds; or, if they saw them, were told by those who professed to be judges that they were not show birds, and therefore not to be thought of a second time. I?ut the tide will turn, and has indeed shown signs of so doing, from what I have observed at shows within the last year or two. That this will continue I fully believe, as every experienced thinking fancier will agree with me in saying that such a bird as the old Jacobin is much more diflScult to breed than the other, and much more preferable in every respect when bred. The great distinction is, tlu' old Jacobin had a genuine hood and wore it. The modom bird has a poor hood thrown down to the back of the neck as if they were ashamed of it, or perhaps to give a better view of their faces — not so prettj' certainly as to court inspection in such a barefaced manner. I know that I shall have a host of Jacobin fanciers down upon me for such heresy, as they will deem it; but, this I do not mind, I am sure there are yet a few fanciers in the flesh who recollect such birds as I describe, and who could, if they chose, bear me out in all I have said. As to color, I think Reds have been the best. Whites are pretty, but are always short in the feathers of the hood and chain. — G. Urk, in Journal of HurUculiure. PIGEONS' NESTS. For many years I have used the wooden nest similar to one shown in the Journal of June 3d. If other fanciers would adopt them they would see the advantage they have over the earthenware nest-pan. To test their merits place in the breeding bo.v one of each — let the pair of pigeons choose for themselves. They will convince you which is the best by their selecting the one best adapted to their wants. I have 144 in use, part of which were made in 1854, at a cost of seven cents each (3W). Another lot, made in 1809, cost twice that amount. They were made from the cuttings of three-inch yellow pine joioe— nine inches square, three inches thick, the bowl turned two and a half deep by eight inches in diameter. The wood containing rosin, I believe makes them proof against vermin. I had them made expressly for Short-faced Tumblers, but have used them for the larger breeds, such as Carriers and Trumpeters, which I have found to answer equally as well as larger nests, as the eggs are kept close together in sitting — also the young nestle closer in a small nest, thereby gain- ing more warmth, which is much required at the time when the old begin to leave them. They fit nicely in the corners of the breeding box, and have plenty of shelf room in the nest pan for the old birds to feed their young. By placing three or four of them togolher they make nice troughs for heavily-wattled Carriers or hirge-rosed TrumpeterB to feed from. In your report of the Bath and West of England show 1 note "Wiltshire Rector's" remarks about Fulton's deal- ings with American fanciers. I will vouch for all said of him, as I had from him some Short-faced Almonds that were as near perfection as it is possible to attain them, which have done me good service in improving my strain of Short-faces, which variety of birds 1 have loved fondly for the past twenty-seven years, and am more devoted to them to-day than ever ; and well may Eaton remark, " Once in the fancy always in it," which is quite true when you wore born a fancier, as I believe all fanciers are. — T. S. Gadde.ss, of BaUimnre, Md., in Journal of HorliculUtre. SpOF^JSIVl/\|^'s DEp;\F^J|VIEfl7. A SPORTSMAN AMONG THE " SHURKS." Dear Fancier : Since I last wrote you, the first flights of robin, snipe, and brown-back of this summer have made their appearance hero, and during the prevalence of a strong southwest wind, last week, good bags were made, as the birds took the line of the beach on the bay side in their flight, and invariably came to our decoys that were placed in their way. Tour correspondent had quite an exciting morning's sport Tuesday last, harpooning sharks from a small skiff. Capt. John Marshall's strong arm directed the iron, while I directed the boat over the flats where the "shurks " made their way to feed at low water and the early ebb. We fastened to three at different times, and were pulled about the bay at a lively rate until the fish were exhausted, pulled to the skiff, and lanced. The largest " shurk " (as they call them) was eleven feet long, and the other two nine feot each. I con- fess I would rather be excused fastening to a larger shark than the one we killed, unless I could be in a twenty foot boat. Sheep's-head are brought daily to our hotel, by the dif- ferent boats, and the average catch is seven to ten per l>oat. Weak fish, bass, and black fish are abundant. Thus far we have had little squidding for blue fish, but we expect it daily. This morning a school showed itself otl" the beach, but did not come in close enough. Tours, GcLL. Bkacu H.vven, July SI, 1875. J8@~ The Scotch herring fishing is reported to be a failure this season. The catch does not exceed 36,000 crans. Last year the take was iVJ.OOO, and in 1S70, 130,000 crans. The failure is attributed to unfavorable weather and the voracity of dog-tish. 504 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. €^ I OURNAL AND 3rl OULTRY ^pXCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. PROlf. A. N. Raub, Associate Editor. Publislied Weekly at 39 Uorth Uintli Street, Philadelpliia- SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTACiE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " XJ. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. CHEERFULNESS. There is much that is pleasant and agreeable in the world, although we may fail at times to realize it. A habit of looking on the bright side of life does wonders for its possessor, saving many an hour of gloom and depression, and really fitting one for life's duties and lending strength for the endurance of its trials. We speak advisedly when we say habit ; for, although a cheerful temperament is often an inherited virtue, yet it may by cultivation become a habit, not so easily, perhaps, as the acquirement of an ill- tempered, fault-finding disposition, yet easily enough to warrant success to any aspirant of self-culture. We all know what a bright and full measure of real cheerfulness is embodied in some particular friend, and appreciate him accordingly ; but, somehow, though we can admire this faculty vastly, it but rarely happens to us to think that we can make this good trait our own ; dismissing the natural aspiration with a helpless sigh or muttered wish that we were always as light-hearted and even-tempered. There is no exemption from trouble and care in our world, so far as our own judgment and observation go; and being, therefore, the inevitable and common lot, it is evident that cheerful endurance is the wisest course possible — and we believe it is possible to all. An old lady friend, of indomitable good-nature, once re- plied to her daughter, who said : " Mother, I do believe you would find something to say in praise of the Evil One him- self." " Yes, dear, I wish we might all imitate his industry and perseverance." "We would not by any means suggest quiet submission to the ills of life— sitting with folded hands and smiling face when there is an attack of care and trouble — by no means ; half our ills may be averted by prudence, and above all by energy ; doing to the full extent of ability all that is possible in the case to overcome and lessen the trouble with a stout, cheerful heart, and when resistance avails no longer, endure cheerfully, too. The habits of life have much to do with temperament, and should therefore he carefully guarded and wisely controlled. The mind becomes sensitive and the body nervous and irri- table in the steady, continuous pursuit of almost any avoca- tion day by day, and both require and should have a change when the day's customary labor is ended. Do not, as you value comfort and health, allow your business cares to follow you beyond the scene of your labors ; least of all into your yard or under your roof tree. Shut them in with the cloud ledger, prison them when you turn the key of counting- room or office, or bury them beneath the last-turned furrow of the day — only to have a resurrection when your mind and body, fitted again to toil by change and rest, shall be both strong and cheerful. Have in or about your home something to interest you ; it scarcely matters what it be — a flower-garden, with its many beauties; a few fruit trees or grapevines ; a poultry-yard or pigeon-house ; anything, in fact, that shall excite your interest or demand your care- — thereby relieving the mind from the strain of daily- bread winning, and the result, while it aids and blesses you with a cheerful temper, will take in also in its ever-widening circle your family and your friends ; making your own life easier, the world brighter, and your friends happier. A READABLE ARTICLE Will be found in the communications of our correspon- dent " Spangle," in his " Notes upon our past Issues," oc- casionally. We like this style of review, and hope to hear from the writer often. The effect is to call the attention of the reader to good things that might be overlooked in a casual reading. The "Notes" in last number were spicy and pleasantly conceived. The author evidently reads the Fanciers' Journal thoroughly. This is what we desire all our patrons should do, and we shall endeavor to make its contents so varied in the specialties to which our weekly paper is devoted, that it will constantly be welcomed and perused with pleasure and avidity. PEKIN DUCKS. Quite a crowd collected at the Express office on Eriday evening, July 16, looking at a lot of large white ducks — some thought them geese — consigned to Col. M. Ej're, whose yards of poultry are the most extensive and best on the coast. The Chinese seem to lead the world in the production of huge poultry, and we believe that these Pekin ducks are the largest variety known. One of the drakes is apparently as large as the common goose. A Mr. Palmer, of Connecticut, first introduced this species into the United States, and they have created quite a furore, being mentioned by the Hartford Courant, as "the most important event" of the State Exhibition. Col. Eyre ordered these ducks in January last, but there was much difficulty in obtaining them. Nothing resembling them could be had in Hong Kong or even in Shanghai ; and Capt. Chas. S. Coy, commanding the steamer Golden Age, running from Yokohama to Shanghai, finally sent a Chinaman up to Pekin especially to procure them, giving him an engraving of the ducks cut from an Eastern poultry paper. He obtained a dozen, but five died on the voyage down to Shanghai; another was lost between that place and Yokohama, where the remaining sis were allowed to recuperate and then forwarded under the care of Capt. Dearborn of the Great Kepublic, who sent them up immediately on the arrival of that steamer. We presume that this importation will eventually "pay," but, aside from the risk of lost by death, the cost of transportation alone by Wells, Eargo & Co. and connections from Pekin to Napa would amount to some $25 on each bird. — Napa, Cal., Paper. (Our English Correspondence.) FEEDING PIGEONS. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir: Oneof the most frequent questions heard when fanciers meet in this country is, " What do you feed your birds?" Many different answers are given, and the expe- FANClKiUS' JOUIiNAL AND I'OULTIiY K X C II A N (; K. ■>(>■, riences I'Rliited, iiiul when tlircrnr more fanciers are together are generally somewhat oonflieting. One says, " I feed principally Indian corn, and have good results;" another, liaving taken tlie advice of the first, has had his chickens and young pigeons die, and the: old hens become too fat to lay, and his breeding pigeons diseased. The circumstances under which the birds had been kei)t had not been consid- ered. The first fancier's birds and ])igeons have had their liberty and plenty of exercise, and wore sparingly fed. yVnothor fancier feeds his pigeons on "any kind of feed which is cheapest and most plentiful, and with which he Inis good luck ; " but, in his case, the birds have their lib- erty (are kept on a farm), and have a gravelly running stream close by. Another fancier, who is successful in breeding and rearing j'oung pigeons, attributes his success to the "salt cat" he keeps his loft supplied with. In this case the pigeons are kept on the top of a four-story building, near the centre of a largo city, but the birds have from one to four hours of severe exercise in flying every fine day. The " salt cat " is a chief necessity in this case, as in it the birds find probably much that they would pick up from the l)rooks and fields in a state of nature, whilst the severe ex- ercise keeps Ihe birds in a state of robust health, and enables them, with the aid of the "salt cat," to digest almost any kind of sound food. Where fine pigeons are kcjit in rooms, or in a limited space, and not allowed to fly out at all, it becomes necessary to exercise the greatest care in the feeding of valuable birds ; and tho best and greatest variety of food will be supplied in vain if the loft is not supplied with pure air and water ; and it must by all means be free from damp and drafts. The three staple articles of food for pigeons in confine- ment have been, in England, for probably centuries of time, tares, gray peas, and the small English horse bean, but in the past few years another grain has come into use, which bids fair to take the place of tares. I have fed dari to all the leading varieties of fancy pigeons, and have found it to possess all the advantages of tares ; and it is infinitely supe- rior to tares in one most important quality. My pigeons never showed much natural appetite for tares, and often I have had to keep them without food until they were very hungry to make them eat them at all, and even then much was wasted. With dari it is all the other way. My pigeons are very fond of it, and eat it in preference to any other ordinary food. Another verj' important advantage of dari is, that it is probably tho greatest producer of " soft food " known. Pigeons of the most delicate varieties, which have neglected to feed their young, when fed on this food, pro- duce a plentiful supply of " soft food," and keep their young well supplied. I have not found it so liable to scour pigeons as tares. I believe it is a nuich more cooling food than tares — my principal reason for so thinking is that 1 have fed it, with small Indian corn, to foreign Owls and Almond Tumbler pigeons with great success, raising many j'oung ones, whilst with Indian corn, tares, and small beans, I could not raise them in the same place. Many fanciers who keep fancy pigeons penned up in con- fined spaces will not have a grain of Indian corn in their lofts without dari to mix with it. I agree with them ; but, fed with dari, I have proved it a most valuable food. An- other consideration in favor of dari as a food in place of lares is its comparative cheaimoss. It can bo bought in Liverpool at the present time for much less than one-half the price of tares. Young I'heasants will also eat diiri be- fore any other food I have been able to find for Ihcm. Small English hiir.*c beans arc un excellent food in win- ter time. There is some danger in feeding too many of them in the breeding season. Young Carriers about two weeks old are often killed by the old ones filling their crops too full with them. Old brown peas are very excellent for pigeons, but are often very expensive. Every fancier who keeps many fine pigeons in a city — in loft or yard — sliould keep a supply of dari, small Indian corn, brown peas, and small English horse beans. The brown peas, though brown in color, arc known in trade as gray peas. Yours truly, John H. Crter. SouTUPOKT, England, July 22, 1875. Cof^f^ESpOfJDErJCE. Editor Eancikr.s' Journal : As your correspondents do not seem disposed to answer the inquiry on page 445, as to what will kill lice on pigeons, 1 will give my gxperionce. About two months ago I discovered that my pigeons were very lousy. I took sulphur, strewed it over the floor of the loft, put it in the nesting places, and dusted the young pigeons thoroughly. I put it in the nests with the young ones so thick that they had to sit in it in fact. I was afraid I had put in too much, but the pigeons did not seem to mind it in the least. I repeated the operation several times, and I have seen no lice in that loft since. On page 408 one of your correspondents gives a descrip- tion of a poultry fountain, which he has found very useful. I have tried that one, and two or three others, and have found them all useless. If you have no running water, then the next best thing is an earthen vessel, three or four inches deep, placed in a cool spot, where the sun cannot shine upon it, and where the fowls will not be apt to scratch dirt into it. If it gets dirty it is easily cleaned, whereas these cumbersome things are out of order all the time. D. Passaic, N. .1., July 2C), 1875. [A Baltimore fancier informs us that he has succeeded in thoroughly ridding his pigeons of lice by using Lyon's In- sect Powder, which he dusted in among the feathers. — Ed.] ANSW^EB TO INQCIRER. Mr. Wade : Please let me say to "Inquirer" through the columns of your valuable journal, that some of ray chickens have been atfected in precisely tho same way as his. I tried vari- ous remedies without much success, untill, knowing the purifying and healing qualities of carbolic acid, I tried a weak solution of this (saj* one part of acid to three of water) with the most gratifying success. I removed the chick as soon as I discovered anything wrong to a place by herself, and bathed the aflected eye two or three times during tho day, and in most cases in four days they would be well enough to give their liberty. I had two difficult cases which I thought were sure to die, but they concluded to try this world a short lime longer, and arc now well and happy. I hope " Inquirer '' will try this remedy, and report through the Journal. John A. Lord. Kennebunk, Me. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. At a meeting of the Western Pennsylvania Poultry Society, the following persons were recommended to the A. 506 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY BXCHANGB. P. A. as judges of the following varieties of fowls : Light and Dark Brahmas, Kev. F. R. "Wotrlng, Mansfield Valley, Alleghany Co., Pa. ; Ayleshury Ducks and Black African Bantams, C. B. Elben, Pittsburg, Pa. ; Turkeys, S. H. Cook, McDonald's Station, Washington Co., Pa. ; Buff Cochins, A. A. Miller, Oakdale Station, Pa. Yours respectfully, A. A. Miller, Secretary. Jos. M. Wade: Will you please tell me through the columns of the Journal : 1. Does the female mocking-bird sing as well as the male; if they do not sing as well, do they sing at all ? 2. How can male mocking-birds be told from females? 3. At what age do males begin to sing? 4. Will paroquets build and raise young when they are By answering the above questions you will greatly oblige L. D. W. M., July 19, 1875. ■ Plainfleld, N. J. [1. It is the male mocking-bird that sings. 2. Mocking- birds are chosen by the breadth and purity of the white marks on the wing feathers. In the male bird the white is usually spread over the whole nine primaries or outer wing feathers, both sides of the feathers being marked with white. In the female this white is less distinct, and spreads over a less number of the feathers, and extends a greater distance on the broad than on the narrow side of the feather. The wings of the female are inclined to brown, while those of the male are black. We hope ere long to illustrate the mock- ing-bird wing. 3. We have known young mocking-birds to sing during the same summer they are hatched, but it is not until the following spring that they are in full song. 4. Australian or shell paroquets have been bred in this city, but not in a cage. It is better to give them a small room, fitted with evergreens and a portion of a deca3'ed tree, into which they will build. At the present time Mr. Cabada, of this city, has a chamber fitted up in which he breeds success- fully a large number of varieties of small birds, including several of the African varieties. — Ed.] If " Inquirer " will bathe the eyes of the chicks in tepid water, and give them some of Walton's Eoup Paste, a piece as large as a grain of barley, and feed soft feed with a small amount of pepper or brandy in it, he will have' no further trouble. Bill. Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir: I would like to inquire through the columns of the Journal, which is the most profitable fowl, Hou- dans or Plymouth Rocks, when kept for table use only ? Tours, etc., P. S. LAMBING'S PURCHASES AT SIMMONS's SALE. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : In answer to your inquiries about the fowls I purchased at Simmons's sale, I would say that I bought the following well-known cocks and hens : Cocks — Poquo- nock (999), Ben Ledi (2777), Pride of Natick (2772) ; hens— Praulien (1037), 4th at Buffalo, 1875, Effa W. (1043), Cricia (3313), Minnie Louise (3312), Mille Vesta, 4th ( ), and Mme. Pareppa, sister to I. K. Pelch's famous Pareppa. I also purchased of I. K. Felch the mate of Poquonock, Min- nehaha (1029). I am getting them into the best of condi- tion, and they are really grand birds. I also have about one hundred and twenty-five Light Brahma chicks from four months old down to one month old that I believe to be as good as any in the country of a similar age. Respectfully, etc., James M, Lambing. SjW/^LL PeJ DEfA^F^JIVlEfJj AND TOTING FOLK'S CORNEK. (For Fanciers* Journal.) THE SILK-WORM AND SILK INDUSTRIES. by andrew sugdbn. Part 1 . In looking over the vast realms of our Creator's works, no part of them appear to be more calculated to give wisdom, instruction, and entertainment, than the study of the smaller creatures of the animal kingdom. While some, like the weeds of the vegetable kingdom, are fraught with evil, others prove of incalculable benefit to mankind. And how wonder- ful and multifarious are the tasks assigned each one to per- form, by nature, that almost all the industries of man are represented by them. The fox, the rabbit, the badger, and that pest of the poultry yard, the rat, are all good sappers and miners. The birds and the bees are builders. The wasp can make a fabric as good as paper. The ants are agricul- turists, nurses, engineers, build forts, deploy sentinels, and sustain military forces. The spider, and the silk-worm, we must allow the honor of being the first weavers and spinners. It is upon the habits, characteristics, and culture of the latter, together with a sketch of the various manipulations of the worm's productions, by human ingenuity, which will more especially claim our attention. Asia was the original home and nursery of the silk-worm, and was carefully guarded by the Imperial governments of China and Persia, and by the nabobs of India, until the sixth century, when it was introduced into Europe. At that time the Emperor, Justinian, being at war with Persia, resolved to discontinue purchasing silk of them, offered a reward to any of his subjects who should succeed in smuggling and raising silk-worms in Byzantium. Two monks successfully responded ; and clandestinely brought from India the eggs in the hollow of a cane, and with its introduction commenced to flourish the industrial arts, a natural sequence wherever it has made its advent. But it was not until the last century when the secrets of the silk-worm culture, and silk manufacture, was opened to the world, by its transfer from Italy to England, and from thence, more recently, the golden gates of the new world have been opened to it, where its triumph in manufacturing is already assured. The silk-worm in its nine short weeks of existence, from the egg to the termination of its life, assumes three distinct conditions or forms of life. In the first, it is a high type of caterpillar ; in the second, it is a chrysalis ; and in the third stage of life, it is invested with grayish wings, as a moth ; by which means It seeks its mate, consummates its task for the next generation, lays its egg and dies. The eggs, like the eggs of birds, can be hatched immedi- ately, if you have mulberrj' leaves enough to feed them and a room with the necessary temperature, as well as ventila- tion of 95° or 100° ; but, unlike the eggs of birds, they have the tenacity to preserve their vitality until the following summer, if kept cool. Various are the means for attaining this end. The mode in China, according to some of the missionaries' statements, to insure the requisite delay, is to cause the moth to deposit her eggs on a large sheet of paper ; these, immediately upon their production, are suspended in a cool, well-ventilated room for a few days, then taken down again and folded loosely with the eggs inside (which are FANCIERS' JOUKNAL AND POULTliY EXCHANGE. 507 fiiiinller than mustnrd seed) and hung up again for the re- niaindia' of the summer and autumn ; when at the end of tlie yeai' they are immersed in salt and water for a day or two, then hung up to dry. When dried they are wrapped up again and put in earthen jars until the time arrives when food and temperature subserve the hatching. "When that time arrives they are taken out and hung up towards the sun to ]iromoto ineubation, and in the evening taken in to a warm place, and hung out again second and third day ; during which process they change from a grayish to a dark color ; when on the morning of the fourth day the paper is covered with worms, about a quarter of an inch in length, earnestly looking for food. While in a caterpillar state it goes through four ordeals — that of casting its skin, previous to each of which it has a sickness and ceases to eat, and in this state frefpiciitly dies. The first sickness comes on when the worm is about eight or ton days old, which lasts for two or three days ; when the first moulting is over, it commences to eat vigorously for five days more, when it is again attacked with its second sickness and so on, until it has cast four skins; during the intervals of which it rapidly enlarges. It now eats voraciously for ten days more, when it attains to the size of from two and a half to three inches In length, and weighs about one-sixth of an ounce. Twelve rings may now be noticed on its body, which are membraneous, and assist for the curving and oas}- propul- sion of the worm'when moving. It has sixteen legs, six in front, which merely support the body, while the ten roar are flexible and furnished with hooks to assist in climbing. The mouth, unlike other aninuils, is perpendicular instead of horizontal, serrated with teeth like a saw. Along the upper part of its body it has eighteen holes of respiration, with seven eyes on either side of its head. Under the jaw are two minute apertures, from which the silken threads are drawn out, being joined together by a pair of hooked-shaped organs in the mouth. Its color is green, with darker spots here and there. After gormandizing for nine or ten days from its fourth moulting, it ceases to eat ; the vegetable it has eaten, fully digested and chemically converted into two filaments of silk, each about a mile long. The worm now looks around for a place .of retreat to commence its labors of drawing and spinning. 8®" The new Zoological Garden in Cincinnati promises to be a credit to that city. The grounds are sixty-six acres in extent, are well drained and pleasanth' diversified in hill and dale. Some of the buildings have been completed, others are now under contract, and at the end of tlue present year $'200,000 will have been expended on the grounds and buildings, while $100,000 more are to be applied to the same purposes during the year 1876. Shipments of foreign animals will soon arrive, and the garden will be open to the public on the firsl of September next. The society is well supplied with funds, and ils officers are determined to make their garden an inslitiilion which will compare favorably with the most celebrated of those in Europe. IjEI^ S@* A plague of rats is doing much harm on the cuffcc estates of several districts of Ceylon, and numerous com- plaints from planters appear in the Colombo papers. B^» A religious paper, which is supposed to tell nothing but the truth, says of the keeper of a summer resort, that " his soji crabu all run about perched on the backs of chickens and invite you to the dining-room." 8®" Sheriff Lamberton recently sold a choice lot of fine bred chickens at Oil City for $308.55. They were a portion of the effects of Ed. T. M. Simmons, who recently look French leave of his friends and creditors of that city. — 7^- tusviUe Herald. J8@" The wife of a colored man in South Carolina was much troubled by fleas, and attempted to burn under the house with straw in order to destroy them. Whether the pile of ashes which is now where the house was is infested with lively insects or not is not known. J8®» Lakue Salk ov Short-Horns. — The largest sale of short-horns ever held in Clark County, Ky., took place on the '21st inst. A special telegram says that nineteen Rose of Sharons, fifteen females and four young bulls, brought extra prices, the highest bringing $5550. The attendance of buyers was large, and competition was lively among the breeders of the United States and Canada, and among the agents of England's leading breeders. After the Rose of Sharons were sold, fifteen lied Roses were sold at good figures. These were animals of extra form and breeding on Young Mary base. The following are the names of some of the highest- priced animals, with the names of the purchasers and the aggregate of the sales; Second Cambridge Lady, for $5550. H. P. Thomson & Co., purchasers; jiresumed for England. Julia's Rose, for S3200 ; bought by an agent. The aggregate sale of thirty other head was $55,830, and the average on Hose of Sharon females, $'2800 and over. S^' How High can a Cat Jump ? — That birds, however apparently safely hung in cages, are unsafe from the skill and cunning of the cat, may be gathered from manj' instances of the extraordinary leaps they are capable of making to attain their prey. We are told by a reliable authority that when his cat was a year old, he was seen several days in succession to take his pi'sition on a show-case four feet high, licking his chops, while watching a canary in a cage, sus- pended from the ceiling eight feet from the case. The ceil- ing was eleven feet high from the floor, and the cage an ordinary cylindrical one. While thus observing the cat, and thinking how remote was his chance of plunder, the j animal suddenly sprang at the cage and caught his claws in \ it. His weight swung the cage up against the ceiling, spill- ing seed and water and terrifying the canary. After swing- 1 ing to and fro for several times, the cat dropped to the floor uninjured. Our informant measured the distance from the top of the cage, and found it to be ten feet ; so that the cat I made an ascent of six feet in eight, or upon an incline of nearly thirty-five degrees. The surprise hero is that the bird escaped ; for it is during its terror, and while beating itself from side to side of the cage, that the hooked claws of the cat are prepared to receive it; and if any portion is caught, it is rapidly pulled through the wire, and the cat and bird dissappear before the spectator can recover his astonishment. — Chambers's Journal. 508 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. g^" She Couldn't Kesist It. — -Scene in Eldridge Park. " Oh, do be mine," he said, attempting to draw her a little nearer to his end of the seat. She made herself rigid and heaved a sigh. " I'll be a good man and give up all my bad habits," he urged. No reply. "I'll never drink another drop," he continued. "And give up chewing—" No re- spcmse. "And smoking — " Cold as ever. " And join the church — " She only shook her head. "And — give you a diamond engagement ring," he added in desperation. Then the maiden lifted her drooping eyes to his, and, leaning her frizzes on his shoulder, trem bling, murmured into his ravished ear : " Oh, Edward, you — you are so good !" And here they sat and sat until the soft arms of night — that dusky nurse of the world — had folded them from sight; pondering, planning, thinking — she of the diamond ring, and he of how on earth he was to get it. — Elmira Gazette. g@» A Practical Joker Comb up With. — As this is the season for amateur fishing parties who boast loudly of their success, we venture an anecdote connected with fishing. A few years since Mr. K n, a well-known merchant of Boston, and celebrated for his practical jokes, with a party of five went to a favorite seaside resort, not many miles from Deer Island. They started early in the morning for the fishing grounds. They toiled all day and caught nothing. Not discouraged, they resolved to try again. R n, how- ever, was anxious to send home a report of his luck, so he arranged with the landlord, who made daily trips to Boston, to purchase a small halibut and send it to his wife, with a message that he caught it the day before. The landlord agreed to this, and on his arrival in Boston proceeded di- rectly to the end of Commercial wharf and purchased a halibut weighing seventy pounds, and sent it according to directions, with a bill for the same at thirty cents per pound. E n returned home, and his numerous friends gathered round him with congralutations on his skill and success, but he never could relish halibut after that. — Boston Traveler. S^" A Beak in Court. — In defiance of law and with contempt for the resolution introduced in the Board of Alderman, a Frenchman, recently, led a bear up in front of Police Headquarters, where he had the animal perform a number of diverting tricks, such as balancing a pole on its nose, walking on its fore paws, standing on its head, etc. Eor several moments the ofiieials around head- quarters were dumbfounded at the little Frenchman's audac- ity and the bear's inditt'erence ; but, recovering themselves, they despatched Officer Cash, armed with full powers, to arrest the man and his bear. The officer did his duty well, for hs marched the prisoners over to the Washington Place Police Court, and conducted them before Judge Wandell. The bear, a very small one, being but six months old, seemed delighted at the large audience before it, and commenced its antics, accompanied by grunts of a most dismal tone. Court Officer McKee wildly called it to order, and it obeyed by climbing up on the railing where, for several minutes, it closely inspected the judge, who was forced to laugh at the odd figure it made. After hearing the complaint of the officer, Judge Wandell remanded the Frenchman, who gave his name as Estolle Franciese, and his animal, for further examination. — Ex. J5@" An easy way of taking the census of any town or city has been discovered. Just count the Smiths, multiply by .540, and lo I the result gives the total population. From reliable parties, OD any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), eacli number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months, \2\i per cent, discount. *' six months, 25 " " " " nine months, .373^ " " " twelve months, 50 " " CHAXQED AS OFTE?r AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchangees and Wauts, limited to 48 words, must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. .6®^ Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this oiBce by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be leftover. ExcfJA^MCIES. JgiS" Advertisements in this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty Eight Words, describing and offering for excliang'e only, WILL BE allowed AT 35 CENTS FOK EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. W, H. JEFFRIES, Irwin Station, Westmoreland Co., Pa., will exchange one pair of Golden Sebright Bantam hens, one year old, extra birds— for one pair Colored Pouters or Fans, one pair Blue or White Owls, Red or Yellow Jacobins. Wbat else offers? ■W. Xa. GARDINER, Norwalk, Ohio, will exchange Ferrets, male or female, for the following mated or odd birds: Colored Fans, White Barbs, Almond or Inside Tumblers, a Black Fan hen, Redwing Turbit hen (capped), or Red Jacobin hen. Birds must be strictly tirst-class. Speak quick! J, T. BEIiIi, Franklin, Pa., will exchange American Dominique chicks, Black-red Game cockerels (Douglas stock), one Black Sumatra Game hen, ffl5 silver watch guard — for a pair White Guinea Pigs, good Scotch Terrier dog pup, three to nine months old, or good Black-red Game hens or pullets. WARREN BECK, York, Pa., will exchange one pair Ring-neck Doves, one pair Black Carriers, two pairs Red Mottled Tumblers, one pair Black Trumpeters, and odd birds— for White-crested Black Polands, Gol- den-Spangled Poland cockerel, good male canary singers, or other birds. GEO. M. WONSON, East Gloucester, Mass., will exchange about forty young Aylesbury Ducks, raised from first premium birds, as good as any in this country, being raised from Ives' celebrated strain; also, ten one and two year old birds, very large and heavy — for Pigeons in variety. What offer? S- POTTERTON, Germantown, Pa., will exchange one hunting- case Silver Lever Watch, in perfect order and nearly new, value §16; also, one extra, fine bred Black and Tan slut, eighteen months old, a fine rat- ter— for March or April hatch Brown Leghorns. What offers? ■W. B. COCHRAN, 1-iO West Biddle Street. Baltimore, Md., wants No. 1 Owls or Turbits in exchange for pair Black Carriers, one Red and one White Carrier cock, premium White Fans, Almond Tumblers, Col- ored Fans, and pair White Pouters. "W, B. COCHRAN, 140 West Biddle Street, Baltimore, Md., wants to exchange White Georgian, Earl Derby, B. B. Red, and Silver Duck- wing Games— for Buff Cochins or Light Brahmas as good as hia; will give boot for better stock. _^^ _^__^ B. HUI.se, Box 23, Allentown, N. J., will exchange Shepherd pups, imported Shepherd slut, Essex Pigs, and Fancy Pigeons, Carriers, Fan- tails, and Tumblers— for Archangels, Yellow, Red, or Black Jacobins, Nuns, Swallows, two Turbit cocks, Snells, Trumpeters, G. L. Sebright Bantams. _^ __^ . IjEO a. BOSCH, Brookville, Montgomery Co., Ohio, will exchange one pair of White-faced Black Spanish fowls for a pair of Brown Leg- horns, Partridge Cochins, Light or Dark Brahmas. Brown Leghorns pre- ferred. Mine is the best of stock. W. M. CAMPBEIili, Brooklin, Ont., Canada, will exchange one Golden Duckwing Bantam cock, imported in 1S74 by myself from Eng- land, cost SlO, won first at Detroit show last winter— for a No. 1 Brown- red Game Bantam cock, ur for two Irish Gray Game Bantams hens or pullets. W. M. CAMPBEI.I., Brooklin, Ont., Canada, will exchange one Golden Duckwing Bantam cock, imported from Beldon, England— for first-class Sebright Bantam cock, either variety, or for year-old Plymouth Rock or Brown Leghorn cock bird, or for Black or White Rose-comb or Pyle Bantam cock bird. "W. F. MUCHMORE, Basking Ridge, N. J., offers for exchange- Light Brahma cock, " Pride," with eight fine hens, 1S74 hatch ; two Buff Cochin hens, 1S74 hatch ; fifty Light Brahma chicks; fifty Buff Cochin chicks (the chicks batched in March, April, May and June); one pair Black Jacobins, one pair White Pouters, one pair Blue Pouters, one pair Tumblers, fifty canary birds, lot of books, two-wheel velocipede— for Beckwith Sewing Machine, W. &. C.Scott & Sou's breech-loading shot gun. Remington rifle, fishing-rod, tackle, etc., Fleetwood scroll saw, self- inking printing-press, or articles of otbfer makers corresponding to above, if first-class. Goods to be sent me for approval. A good exchange will be giveuj if accepted soon. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, AUGUST 19, 1875. No. 33. FRITZ AND I. Mynhkre Meii.so hclb a boor oldt nmti Vot gonics vrorn Slmnnany, Mit Fritz, mine toi; mid only frt'iuid, To goop me gonipiiny. I half no gelt to piiy mine pread, No blace to lay mo down, For ve vas vnndorors, Fritz und I, Und sdrangors in dor town. Some beoples gifo us dings to ead, Und some dey kicks us.oudt ITnd says : " You ton't got pecsiiis hero To sdroU der sclitrects aboudt !" Vot's dat you say, you puy mine tog To gife me pread to eadt ! I vas so boor as nefer vas. But 1 vas no " toad i)eato ! " Vot, sell mine tog, mine lectio tog. Dot vollows me aboudt, Und vags his dail like anythings Veno'er I dake's liim oudt ? Scbust look at him, und seo him schump I Ho likes mo putty veil, Und dore vas somcdings 'bout dat tog, Mynherc, 1 vouldn't sell. " Der coller ?" Nein, 'twas someding else Vrom vich 1 gauld not hart ; Und if dot ding vas dook avay, I dink it prakos mine heart. "Vot vas it den aboudt dat tog," You ashk, " dot's not vor sale ?" I dells you vat it ish, mine freund, " 'Tish der vag off dat tog's dail !" ELEPHANT FIGHT IN INDIA. A Cai.lutta eorre.spondent, writing under dale of June 12th, gives the following account of a battle between elephants, which occurred at Baroda, India :— At last tho oloiihant fight, which was subjected to so many postpone- ments, took place, Juno 4. Sir Madbava Rao arranged to have carriages sent into camp for those invited, and by four I'.M., which was the hour fixed, a goodly number of ladies and gentlemen had assembled. Entertainments of this description, particularly elephant lights, have, for some years past, been a weekly occurrence in the (jaokwarco dairy. This entertainment, which was tho first of its kind during the reign of the present Gaekwav, created no little sensation. From an early hour in the afternoon the streets through tho city to tho elejihant stables were thronged by gaily dressed crowds, hastening on to the tnmas/ta. It was impossible on this account for anyone to allow his carriage to go at any pace ipiicker than a walk. A large arena of about 1500 yards by 1000 was inclosed by a pukka wall of about ten or fifteen feet in height. The entrances, which wore just enough to allow an elephant to pass through, were blocked by cross bars of considerable thickness. On the walls, on the surrounding trees and mounds, were perched some thousands of natives in holiday costume. Rows of opened umbrellas of the gaudiest colors showed that the natives felt the sun, and without the slightest hesitation it can be said that the afternoon was exceedingly oppressive. On one side of the arena is an upper storied building pur- posely erected for the Gaekwar to witness the entertainments. The building is very high. On the first floor was a carpeted open verandah, with tho chairs arranged for the Gaekwar and his party of gentlemen friends, and on the floor imme- diately abovo it the chicks, etc., showed that the Maharanee Jamnabhai and the ladies of the palace were to occupy it in conijiany with their European lady visitors. The Gaekwar's younger brother and father occupied seats on another raised place by the side of that of the Gaekwar, and the leading members of the Baroda native aristocracy witnessed the tamanha from the story above. It was not until past five o'clock that the heralds announced the Gaekwar's arrival outside the arena, and a few minutes afterwards Sir Richard Meade appeared, leading his Highness by the hand to the seats provided for them. Mr. Richey followed with the Princess Tarabai, and then came Sir Madbava Rao and a brilliant native suit. At a given signal two elephants, which had all this time occupied places facing one another on the right and left ends of tho arena, wore let loose. The animals were musth, and had, up to this, been heavily chained on their hind legs. Directly they were let loose a host of spearmen and bud- mashes ran before them, attracting attention. No sooner did the animals catch sight of one another, than they roared and rushed on in a most dangerous manner. Everyone who had not seen an elephant fight before anticipated a tremendous clash, but no — tho animals aSvanced at this rapid pace, und no sooner did they come within a foot of one another than they made a dead stop. The object of this was soon appar- ent. The keen way in which one watched the other's eyes showed that an attack would be most guardedly commenced. After one or two attempts on both sides, one of the animals got bis trunk well over the other's tusks. Tho tusks then met, and the object of the animals was to get a good grip and push on. This was done about twenty or thirty times, and the smaller animal actually once got his antag- onist under such a powerful grip that he pinned him by the head to the earth, lifting him oft' his hind legs completely, to a height of about two feet from the ground. The S|>ec- tators signified their approbation of this by loud huzzas. As the animals separated and commenced another attack, it was apparent that the ^nlaller one was getting the better of it, and he brought his antagonist to bay in a few minutes afterwards. He backed and returned with dreadful force, butting his crestfallen foe with great force on the side. The signal was then given to remove the elephants, a number of rockets were let ofl", and the mahouts, taking advantage of 510 PANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. the panic which seemed to seize the animals, very dexter- ously got hold of their tails. This had a wonderful effect. The elephants allowed themselves to be heavily chained and led away. Another couple were then let loose, but the ex- treme weakness of one of the animals brought the encounter to a very speedy termination. A wild elephant was then brought in, and after being worried by the spearmen and mahouts until it was mad with rage, a horseman, well mounted, rode up to it. Without a moment's hesitation away rushed the elephant after the horseman, who waited until the former came almost within a foot of him and then shot off like an arrow. When thus so disappointed, after having his prey almost within his grasp, the elephant reattacUed with greater energy ; hut it was useless — the horse tantalized him to madness. Once only a cry from the spectators revealed the horseman with the elephant's trunk touching his waist, but in a second he shot away all safe. When this was over the horseman was called up by order of the Gaekwar, and received from His Highness a gold bracelet, worth 150 rs., and a pair of handsome cloths. Another elephant was then brought in, and, being annoyed by the spearmen on foot, he managed to pull a turban from the head of one of his tormentors, missing the man by a very narrow shave indeed. Sir Kichard Meade here put a stop to the sport. The court- wrestlers were then ordered to perform, and they were also rewarded. The entertainment gave over at about half-past six o'clock, and it was indeed a pleasant sight to find that the whole of the populace as it were, had turned out in holiday attire to participate in this the first public entertainment of their new King — Public Ledger. A FAMOUS DONKEY DEAD. Jack, the donkey that whipped the lioness at the Cincia nati Zoological Garden, is dead. He departed this life at the garden on Tuesday, 20th inst. This celebrated animal was not " born great ;" he did not make nor seek the occa- sion of his greatness — it was " thrust upon him " — but he was equal to the occasion, and he improved it ; he "achieved greatness." Briefly is his story told by the Cincinnati Ga- zette, thus : " On the 24th of March last, in the grounds of the Zoological Society of this city, occurred a contest remark- able in all its features. A boy, with excusable curiosity, who was leading a hitherto ordinary donkey in front of the cage containing an African lioness, stopped to gaze on the noble wild animal. In a moment the ferocious beast burst her bars, and attacked the unconscious and unoffending donkey. The result of that unprovoked assault has become historic. The little donkey accepted the gage of battle, and reversed the traditions of all time by defeating the lioness. He rose to fame, and his life became valuable in proportion to his new greatness. Last Monday one of his physicians reported to the society that there was not much hope of his recovery. It was at once determined to have his photograph taken, but the great fire of the next day took up the attention of the gentleman entrusted with the duty of securing the picture, and the opportunity was lost." The Oazetie appends an appreciative " obituary." Com- ing to the point where the lioness had burst the bars of her cage, it says of the donkey: "He did not say (as did the wise man, speaking for the slothful), ' There is a lion in the way ; I shall be devoured, ' and straightway turn his tail and run. ITol Unexpectedly, and without provocation on his part, the lioness sprang upon him, as he stood quietly behold- ing her. Shaking her off, he stood his ground like a man (or a donkey), and by a well-directed blow (as the prize fighters say), 'fetched her one on the mug and keeled her over.' Soon, after ruminating on his wrongs, and fired with a righteous indignation against their author, he boldly ' car- ried the war into Africa.' Rushing at her, although no knightly herald was there to sound the alarm, and seizing her with his teeth, he shook her as a big Newfoundland dog might serve a waspish little terrier who had barked and snap- ped at his heels. Led away, not retreating, from the field of battle, where he was sorely wounded, although not con- quered, tenderly cared for, provided with the best of medi- cal attendance and watchful nursing, every pains possible was taken to prolong his valuable life. But the attack had been too severe. The teeth of his enemy, crunching the bone of his hip joint, created a painful wound which would not heal, and the suppuration from which caused his death, after an interval of nearly four months from the date of the eventful conflict, of which he was at once the hero and the martyr." PodLjF^Y DE[=yvf\TP«E[JT. (For Fanciers' Journal.) FEED AND CARE OF CHICKS. Peibnd Wade : In a former number of the Journal, I gave my plan for hatching chickens, and now, with your kind permission, I will tell the readers of the Journal my way of feeding and caring for the chicks after they are hatched and ready to be taken ofi' the nest. Before the hen and chicks are taken from the nest, it is very important that the hen should have all she could eat and drink ; for, by thus satisfying her, she will be ready to attend to the chicks at their first meal. This first meal should be given them on the nest, if convenient, and should consist of hard-boiled eggs, with bread and milk. I then remove them to a grass run, and put them in the coops they are to stay in till they are ready to leave the hen. My coops for this purpose are made in two parts — a roosting-coop and a run. The former is made about twenty-two inches square, without a bottom, and with the roof slanting one way. I also have a door sliding down from the top to close them in at night. My runs are made of wire-netting, two feet wide and six feet long. This gives the hen and chicks plenty of grass, and, when the chicks are one to two weeks old, I let them run outside, but the hen I keep in. This prevents the chicks from wandering too far. During rain or wet weather I put a board under them at night, but in hot weather I let them sit on the ground. Every three or four days I move them to a new spot. PANC1KU8' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCUANGK. 511 For the first week or two I feed bread and milk, with boiled egps, boilnd rice, boiled wheat, and boiled potatoes mushed, with meal for chanf;o3. After two weeks old I feed about the same, excepting tliu egg; adding a small food at noon and a good feud at night of equal parts of good wheat, buckwheat and cracked corn. For my general mixed feed I use a mixture of equal parts of oorn meal, shorts and bran, mixed eitlior with milk or hot water. Twice a week I mix in boiled meat chopped line, and once a week, onions chopped fine. On rainy mornings I use a seasoning of red pepper or the number one mixture given by L. Wright, and if I see any wings drooping, 1 mix in a dose of I'arrish's Chemical Food. In each of the abovo-mcnlinnod coops 1 have a one-quart stone fountain, which is lillod with fresh water every morn- ing, in which is put a couple spoimfuls of Douglas mixture, I use the Douglas mixture in the drinking water all the time. In this way I have raised nearly four hundred chicks already this season, and have not lost five out of the whole lot. 1 am aware that all have not at command sufficient grass to use it as prodigally as I do ; but to those I would say, give the chicks grass, lettuce, cabbage leaves, beet tops, or anything green you may have at command. As soon as they are old enough to leave the hen, or rather as soon as she leaves them, I put thom into a coop with good- sized grass runs and still continue about the same food, giving as much of a variety as I can. I am satisfied this plan will make good chicks, tliough some may say there is too much machinery about it. It is my plan and I succeed well with it. At some future time I may tell you how I care for my breeding-stock. James M. Lambinq. (For F;irKitr.-i' Journal.) TRIPS AMONG THE FANCIEES. Hating a desire to learn something about the habits and mode of keeping and rearing Plieasants, we resolved to pay a visit to Mr. Jesse N. Rooke, of Hestonville, Pennsylvania. Accordingly, on one of the pleasant days of last week, we presented ourselves at his door and received a cordial welcome; and, the object of our visit being known, wo were invited to look at the Pheasants. As many of your readers may not have had the pleasure of seeing the beauti- ful specimens of Golden and Silver Pheasants which Mr. Eooke has shown in Philadelphia for a number of years past, we will endeavor to describe them by appending the follow- ing from Tegetmeier : "The Silver Pheasant (Eitplocamtis Nyc/ilhemcrous), the male, without possessing the gorgeous colorations of many species of the group, is a very beautiful bird. The face is entirely covered with a bright vermilion skin, which during the spring becomes excessively brilliant, and is greatly in- creased in size, so as to almost resemble the comb and wat- tles of a cock ; the flowing crest is blue-black, the bill light green. The upper part of the body is white, penciled with the most delicate tracery of black. The whole under parts are bluish-black, the legs and feet red, the spurs well devel- oped and usually very sharp. The female is smaller than the male; her general color is brown, mottled with a darker tint ; the crest and tail are much less ample than those of the cock ; the outer tail feathers are light, marked with black ou the outer webs. The female in confinement usually lays from eight to fourteen eggs, and the young are most easily reared under a common fowl." Mr. Rooko has kept the Silvi-rs for several year*, having one cock that has been in his possession for five years. At first ho experienced great difBcully in getting them accli- mated, having lost two or three hens in succession, but now ho finds thom as hardy as any of our breeds of domestic poultry ; in fact, his Pheasants are quartered and fed quite the same as most fanciers feed their fowls. Mr. Kookc also keeps the Golden Pheasant (ThnumaUa picta). "In its mature plumage the male is one of the most gorgeous of the whole tribe. The head is ornamented with a long crest of silky, orange-colored feathers. This extends backwards over a tipjiot formed of broad, flat feathers, which are of a deep orange color, with dark blue bars across the tips; these latter form, when the feathers are in position, a series of horizontal lines across the tippet. Below this tip- pot, on tho lower part of the neck, the feathers are deep green margined with velvet black; below this again are the scapular feathers of a dark crimson ; the back and rump are golden-yellow; the tail itself is very long, tho two longest central feathers arc covered with small irregular circles of light brown on a dark ground, giving them a mottled appear- ance; the other feather,-* are barred diagonally with dark brown on a lighter ground. On each side of the base of tho tail extend the long, narrow upper tail coverts, of a bright orange-crimson. The wings when closed show the deep blue tertiaries covering the chestnut secondary quills. The upper part of the throat is light brown, the breast and under parts orange-scarlet ; taken altogether, its appearance is so re- markable that it looks more like one of the bizzare crea- tions of Chinese fancy than a real bird. The birds of this genus difter from tho true Pheasants in tho fact that the mature masculine plumage is not assumed until the autumn of the second year; the young cocks looking, during the first twelve months of their lives, very much like the hens, from which, however, they can be readily distinguished by pulling one or two feathers from the neck, which are repro- duced in the distinctive masculine character. The hens are very plain and unobtrusive, being barred with alternate shades of light and dark brown. When barren, they, like tho other birds of the whole family, assume the gorgeous apparel of the male." Mr. Kooke has kept the Golden Pheasants some three or four years, but lost one or two hens and a cock before he succeeded in getting them acclimated. This season one hen laid some ten eggs and sat and hatched four young ones ; but, unfortunately, she came off her nest very early in the morn- ing, and (it being early in Maj-) the little things became chilled through and perished. This season Mr. Kooke (through the kindness of Mr. John Yewdall) obtained from England some thirty eggs of the common English Phca-^ant (Phasiamis colchiciis), from which he succeeded in hatching eleven fine healthy birds. These birds were hatched by common domestic chickens, and Mr. Rooke informed us that the young Pheasants seemed to know at once that she was not their natural mother, and paid lit- tle or no attention to her clucking and calling. Being fear- j ful of losing them he determined to give them to tho golden hen that had lost her own young ; accordingly, they were placed in company with her, in a wire-covered run. As soon as she perceived them she uttered a peculiar cry, and the little fellows seemed to understand her language at once and accepted her as their parent. At the time of our visit they were about four weeks old, and were not unlike young turkeys, both in color and appearance ; they were quite tame, 512 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. coming close to our feet for food. They are very active in searching among the grass and weeds for worms, bugs, etc. "We saw them catch and eat, with great apparent relish, the yellow-haired caterpillars which infest the maple tree. We do not remember seeing any domestic fowl eat them, and very few birds, except the black-bird, will touch them ; but these little Pheasants evidently regarded them as a dainty morsel, for they snapped them up and shook them about until the bristles were nearly all off them, then gulped them down as "Hans Schneider" would "isders." Mr. Kooke says that they are insectivorous birds, and will leave grain of any kind when there is an opportunity of procuring a supply of beetles, bugs, worms, grasshoppers, crickets, etc. Mr. Eooke's yards being rather limited he sup- plies them with insect food in the following Ingenious and inexpensive manner : Hang a piece of bullock's liver in a .box or barrel, the bottom of which is covered five or six inches with moist sand; the liver soon gets fly-blown, and the gentles (as they are termed) drop into the sand, and in a few days are fit for food for the young Pheasants who de- vour them with avidity. As Mr. Kooke has long been known as a breeder of supe- rior Buff Cochins, we expected, of course, to see some fine birds of that variety in his yards, and we must say that our expectations were fully realized. His flock of Buffs, although not large in numbers, were excellent in size and color, as well as shape. "We had began to think that Buffs had de- teriorated in size when compared with such birds as were formerly shown by Wade, Herstine, Clapp, and some of the old-time exhibitors, but a look at Mr. Eooke's yards will convince the observer that his birds are all that one could wish in that respect. Having feasted our eyes on both Pheasants and Buffs until the lengthening shadows warned us of the approach of night, we reluctantly took our leave, and, reaching the cars, were soon on our way home. W. E. Flower. (For Fanciers' Journal.) GOOD SITTERS. I HATE observed several inquiries of late in the poultry papers for good fowls to keep for sitters, where the main flock are layers of the non-sitting kinds. No fowl will be found better than the Silky, for this. Quiet, downy, careful and courageous in defence of their chicks ; with which they stay long, they seem to be just the thing. They cover nine Hamburg eggs with ease. When not sitting they lay very rich eggs, and when of the white skinned variety are good eating — plump, juicy, and attractive looking on the table. The black skinned are not so good, but I believe taste nice. One great advantage of the Silky is, the very small space it will thrive in, and cheerfully too. EOSK-COMB. EXPRESS CHARGES. Editor Fanciers' Journal : I was somewhat amused on reading in a Western journal the complaint of a buyer who had paid $5 expressage on a small coop of fowls, and at the same time the magnitude of the rates I pay on fowls from the East and the injustice of express companies' mode of dealing could not but recur to me. A coop under 50 lbs. is charged double rates. If first shipped to 84 Broadway, N. Y., they will " bill through " at 44 cents per lb., weighing coop, feed and all, or at 33 cents on 100 lbs. But if I buy a trio of fowls, say in New York or Pennsylvania, and have them sent forward (with- out going to 84 Broadway, N. Y.) the charge is about 52 cents per lb.; or on a trio, weighing coop and all, about 40 lbs., the charge would be some $21. The regular rate to Omaha is about 7 cents, thence to Ogden 8 cents, thence to San Francisco 9 cents, thence to Napa 1 cent ; total 25 cents ; double this for fowls makes .50 cents per lb. But that is not all. They have another schedule which instructs the agent " where the rate on 100 lbs. is so much, packages weighing from 5 to 10 lbs. shall be so much, 10 to 20 lbs. so much," etc., etc., making an additional charge. Not only this, but the express charges must be prepaid or guaran- teed ; and if one fowl or two fowls or the whole trio die en route, you pay just the same and have no redress. They do not pay for any losses. I have paid the Express Com- pany some fifteen hundred dollars in gold coin, which is equivalent to $1725 in greenbacks, for fowls received during the year ; and my customers have paid nearly as much on what I have shipped to them ; so that it is no ex- aggeration to say that I am a source of income to them of some $3000. It seems to me that this express matter should form subject for consideration and that some effort should be made in the matter. I take it that any fancier who makes a statement in a public journal is to be believed, but I notice, with regret, that criminations, amounting to giving the direct lie, are bandied about and instead of these people being excluded until the liar is detected and then forever barred, I see such men still have their lucubrations received and published. That I may not be thought to exaggerate in my state- ments I inclose you hills paid here in our local office of Napa, by which you will see that I paid in October and November last $219.90; in December and January, $201.25; in March and April $216.60— making $687.75 in gold coin. A few dollars is for express on ice, etc., that is almost noth- ing. Now Mr. Bicknell can testify that almost all my Eastern shipments of fowls are sent to San Francisco direct, except some two or three which he billed by authority from Mr. Superintendant White, direct to Napa, but which au- thority was soon revoked. Moreover, about as many were prepaid as were thus billed direct to Napa. So these bills show that my estimate is away below the mark. Please re- turn them in inclosed envelope. I inclose slip, cut from one of our Napa papers, about some Pekin ducks I imported, and which arrived July 16th. Yours respectfully, Napa, Cal., July 31, 187S. M. Eteb, Jr. ON BREEDING SPANISH FOR EXHIBITION. While we see page after page in our poultry papers de- voted to articles on breeding the Asiatics and other popular breeds, it is very seldom we see an article on the breeding of the so-much slighted, yet deserving. White-faced Black Spanish. Although they are comparatively small, they more than make it up in eggs. They have never offered to sit as long as I have kept them, and are very hardy. They will live where a Leghorn will freeze. I kept my Spanish in a shed where the temperature was often below zero, and only the tips of their combs were frozen. But I will return to my subject ; when you mate your stock, first get strong, healthy birds. We would get a cock with a good, bright eye, which should be large, dark, and flashing; surrounded with a naked, white skin, extending FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTKY EXCHANG-E. 513 from tho bnso of the comb niduiiil the oars unci clieoks, meet- ing like a cravat under tlie tln'oiit, and terminating in the oar-Ujbes, wliicli sliould ho exceedingly long and pendulous. If this white face is very large and well developed, it proves high breeding. The texture of the .skin cannot be too fine and smooth. Next th(( comb, wliicli slmuM .'•tand very erect, be r(^g- ularly serrated, line in tho grain, and of a rich vermilion color. The wattles should ho very largo, hanging a good way down tho nock. The bill should bo strong, slightly curved, and dark-colored. The body should bo a.-f deep as possible, the legs being naturally long, and depth in tho body, from tho back to the breast-bone, gives a better proportion to the shape. Tho legs are of a dark blue color, and carriage bold and majestic; this is of great importance in rendering these fowls handsome and attractive. The tail full, rising per- pendicularly from tho back, and tho numerous sickle feathers falling very gracefully. Our hens, to breed true exhibition birds, must bo of two kinds, which will be straight and lopped-comb hens. Tlio hen's white face not so large as the cock's. When you wish to breed nice pullets, get a hen with a large comb which hangs over to one side gracefully. She must have a good, full tail and be well formed. But if you wish to breed a good cockerel, get one with a large comb which stands erect, and you will have cocks tit to show any- where. Tliere will be part of the cockerels from the lop- combed hen that will be good to breed from, and these are best to breed from, as they breed both good pullets and cockerels ; but do not breed from the straight-combed hens' ofl'spring, unless you want to breed fowls for exhibition only, but be sure the plumage is perfectly black and glossy. Now to describe briefly a good bird for exhibition: a per- fectly white face, large, upright comb, wattle very large and long, breast round and protuberant, his tail ample, his carriage noble and upright, and he must be of a pure black, shaded with a metallic green lustre. The comb of the hen should fall over and when in good condition cover one side, of the face, their breasts are prominent, but not so much so as that of the cocks, their faces very long, thin and skinny. Tho previous description and advice will, I think, help be- ginners to select stock that will do justice to themselves and their owner, both in the breeding yards and show pen \ may in the future give directions for mating for the show, but to end up with I will give you my advice, that is, don't give up tho Spanish. No I never. Amatkur. 8@" A rose mania has sprung up in Japan, replacing that fur pigs and rabbits. {te^ His Fikst Pipe.— A boy tried his first pipe the other day. When bis father came homo to dinner, he found him braced against a barrel with his legs apart, his hands and lower jaw dropping listlessly, and a deathly pallor over- spreading his face. "What is tho matter with you?" inquired the amazed parent. " ily — teacher is — is sick," gasped the boy. " Well, you mustn't feel so badly about it, Tommy," said the father kindly. " She will get well again, without a doubt." And then, stepping into the house, he observed to his wife that that was the most sympathetic boy he ever saw. PiqEO[^ DEpA^F^JIVlEfJT. THE JACOBIN. Mr. Georoe TTre has just published a letter in a contem- porary [see Journal No. .'52], upon this pigeon, in which he makes the extraordinary statement that for many years the birds shown have been " far beneath the standard of tho old fanciers;" and then goes on to uttor the still more extra- ordinary opinion concerning the mane and rose, that the former is "one of the greatest faults a .lacobin can have; birds with it look as if the feathers on each side of the neck had been blown aside and remained so [the rose apparently], with the so-called mane running up between those holes." Fin. 1.— Perfect Head, Hood, Maoe aud Chain. It requires at least some courage to utter opinions like these, and we did not know before that Mr. Ure was a Jacobin fancier and breeder ; but, if so, he has a right to his opinion, and it is a fair subject for discussion. The letter ha-s so startled Jacobin fanciers of our acquaintance, however, that we make no apology for departing from our usual custom, and giving in advance the following extract from the en- suing part of Mr. Fulton's " Book of Pigeons," bearing upon this same subject, with the illustrations by which it is accompanied : — "Tho»mHe and c/m/ii must be considered together. The former, as we have seen, is a modern 'finish ' to the bird, and formerly, no doubt, the parting of the neck and shoulder feathers, one part growing forwards in continuation of the hood, and forming a kind of rutlle irresistibly reminding the beholder of certain Elizabethan costumes, and the other pointing backwards, was all that was required. It is scarcely 514 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. or ever that a bird with good head and hood fails in ' chain,' which is now understood to denote the front portion of the parted feather. The perfection of this chain is, first, to come as low down the shoulders as possible, some small specimens leaving ofiF with it little more than half-way down the neck ; and secondly, for the feathers to be so long and so forward in their set, that the two sides meet together in front, from almost directly under the throat all down to the bottom. This can hardly be if the chain feather is either short, or deficient in 'set.' Again, it must not only be so, but to make a first-class bird must be even on each side, and so well filled up and regular in growth as to show a tolerably smooth and even edge, free from gaps or raggedness. When all is tolerably perfect, the efifect is as if the head were closely encased in the hood and upper portion of the chain, which meets under the chin, and the apparent breadth or thickness of the neck, chain and all, when viewed in front, will not exceed one inch. Faulty birds, on the contrary, and especially some of the long-headed ones, either from the chain feathers being too short (which is the usual reason in very small birds) or not well set forward, show an open space down the breast between the two sides of the chain. Fig 2. — Long Head, Faulty Hood, and Short Chain, showing no Mane. Of course we do not mean that even a good bird never shows a glimpse of it ; still the feathers should about meet, while the faulty ones will show a gap of an inch or more. To remedy this some cut or pluck some of the inside feathers, which allows the chain to meet closer; and according to Moore, some of the old fanciers used even to cut out a strip of skin down the centre of the breast between the two sides of the chain, and then stitch the edges of the wound to- gether, which of course would draw the chain closer together; but we much doubt if this ever met with much success, since the effect of the scar " drawing " would almost certainly be to make the chain very ragged, crooked, and uneven. Perhaps the old fanciers were less particular in these finer points of regularity and evenness than we are now ; at all events, we know from experience that no artificial means can make a bad bird really equal in appearance to a high- class one in the eyes of any judge who fairly understands the variety ; and on the other hand, birds are bred now with chains so much better than in Moore's time, that such op- erations are really not needed, plenty of stock being obtain- able which requires nothing of the kind. These are, how- ever, almost always short-faced; and we have only seen very few indeed of the long-faced birds which were quite satisfactory in chain. " On the other hand, some of the long-faced and otherwise faulty birds often excel in one point in which the short- faced are, conversely, apt to fail, viz., the mane. This is also the great fault of the very small specimens. The mane is formed by the feathers which grow towards the back, growing out so full, and so falling into what we may call the sweep of the chain and hood, as to form a full crest in place of the notch which is seen .in poorly-feathered birds, formed by the parting of the feathers. It is not easy further to describe this feature, but we think all the foregoing re- marks will be understood by comparing Pigs. 1 and 2. Where Pig. 1 shows the Jacobin points as desired, with hood, mane, and chain well developed and finished, and with a short head and good carriage, and Pig. 2 represents a long- headed bird, with hood not close-fitting, and no mane. It will be seen how the notch or hollow behind of the faulty bird is replaced in the model one (shown in Pig. 1), by the full crest or mane formed by the abundant growth of feathers behind. The more depth to the back of this mane the better, and in a first-class bird it will be as much sometimes as four inches from the front of the chain to the back of the mane. It is not, however, so hard to get suflicient depth of feather as to get the proper shape, which is termed by some, especially Manchester fanciers, the 'hog-mane.' It is wanted as full or convex as possible ; smooth and even at the crest, not ragged or irregular ; and thin, like a piece of paper folded, and not thick from side to side. It is strange that this grand property is oftenest seen in perfection on large coarse birds, having no other good quality; and when all really is com- ■ bined as in our figure — the neat close hood, the chain meeting nearly under the beak, and keeping almost close all down the front, the mane reaching far back and well-filled up in a neat uniform curved crest, and all the feathers nicely lying on each other, so as to look almost as if cut out — when all this is seen on a small, or even medium-sized bird the result is a most beautiful pigeon, which all can admire, even if not fanciers ; but such is seldom seen. On the other hand, all the faults in Pig. 2 are seldom seen together either, and in particular a good mane is often seen on a bird with just such a long coarse head ; but we collect the faults in one drawing for the sake of convenience. "If these points are good, there will be seen another pro- perty called the rose. This is formed by the parting of the feather at the mane and chain, showing the light under- fluft"; and the perfection of it is for the feathers to spring evenly and smoothly as from a common centre, showing as much of the light flufl" as possible. This will also be seen on reference to Pig. 1. It cannot be seen to any perfection except in a well-bred bird; and, in fact, as it depends upon and presupposes a high degree of excellence in the preceding points, and can not be dissociated from them, is itself a very fair indication of a good bird." It will be seen that Mr. Fulton, who is well known as a most successful breeder of Jacobins, besides his other quali- fications to speak on the subject, expresses a view diamet- FANCIER S' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 515 rically opposite to tlmt of Mr. Uro. In fact, the latter gontloiiian luiiis(tlf adniitB, ■' I know tliut 1 slmll have a liost of Jacobin fanciers down upon mo for such heresy, as tliey will deem it." "Wo fancy ho will, if tlioy think tho subject demands serious discussion ; but tho " heresy " is so contrary to all wo have ever heard from those wo are acoustonied to recognize as Jacobin breeders, and what wo have always doomed the sottbul opinion of the fancy, that we are not sure thoy will be unsettled by it. Much will depend on the extent to which Mr. Uro has bred and kept the pigeon — a subject on which, bping so far south of him, we have no knowledge — but in any case his opinion is entitled to some respect, and wo are not perhaps likely to be wrong in antici- pating a little lively discussion, especially from the Man- chester fanciers, who, we believe, "go for " the mane and rose to a man. — JAvc. Stuck Journal. KENNEL AND -, ^ .v^ S|=OF^JS|Viy\rJ's DEf/VF^JIVIEfJ-f. Jos. M. Wadk, Esq. Dear Sir: Having seen of late in the " Fanciers' Jour- nal" several selections of canine poetry, concerning "the bottom," " the upper," " tho outside dog, "etc., I send you the following "fate of a lighting dog," which I have cop- ied from my scrap-book for tho amusement of my brother fanciers. I am unable to say who is tho author. Wishing the greatest success to your valuable " weekly," I remain, Very truly yours, Gko. L. Parmklk. the fate of the fioiitinu docl. A man, be owned a terrier dog — A bob-tailed, onery cuss, And that there purp got that there man In many an ugly muss; For tho man lie was on his muscle. And the dog bo was on his bite, So to kick the dorg-goned animilo Was sure to raise a tight. A woman owned a Thomas eat. That lit at liftoon pounds ; And other cats got up and slid When that there cat was round. Tho man and bis dorg came along one day. Whore the woman she did dwell. And the purp ho growled ferociously Then wont for that cat like ovorything. He tried to chaw the neck of the cat, But the cat he wouldn't bo chawed, So ho lit on tho back of that there dorg. And bit I and clawed ! and clawed ! Oh I tho hair it Hew ! and the purp ho youlod ! As the claws went into his bide, And chunks of flesh were pealed from his side ; Then he flummuxed, and kicked and died I The man he rippr'd, and cursed, and swore. As ho gathered a big brick-bat ; 'J'hat he would be durned essentially If ho didn' kill that cat! IJut the old woiiiiiii alb)W(,'d she'd bo blessed if he did ! And snatched up an old shot-gun, Which she llred and peppered his diaphragm With bird-shot number one. They toted him home on a window blind, And the doctor cured him up ; Hut ho was never known to light again, Or own another purp. Folks may turn up their snoots at this here rhyme, I don't care a cuss for that ! All 1 want to show is, that fighting dorgs May tackle the wronej Tom cat. AuuesT7tli,187.'). TURK'S GRANDCHILDREN. TWO UOOS THAT KEKT THEIR EYES ON TUB TRAMPS CAPTUK- INll A WILD STEEK. Mu. Isaac Van Winkle, a lawyer at 29.3 Broadway, who lives at Greenville, N. J., owns two granddiildren of the famous Champion Turk, the dog whose history was told in The Sun yesterday. Their names are Sherry and Jersey. Sherry is a dog, and .Jersey is a slut and has four pups. Sherry's head is two feet in circumference, and he is thirty inches high. He is a little over two years old. Two of the pups give promise of e<|ualling Turk in size. Mr. Van Winkle says that he has the best watch dogs in the United States. They do not bark, bite or growl, unless a stranger goes on the promises at night, and then they have a peculiar bark that their owner understands. If a tramp goes into the yard they do not touch him unless he picks something up. Then thoy grab him, but they do not hurt him unless he resists. Mr. Van Winkle says that ho has known Sherry to bold a tramp until betook from his pocket a piece of bread that bad been given him in the kitchen. When the tramp unloaded. Sherry took the bread in his mouth and carried it to the barn, letting the tramp go. A short time ago a steer escaped from one of the abattoirs, and was worried so much by the boys and street dogs that he became wild, and the citizens turned out to shoot him. Mr. Van Winkl e said that if they would not shoot he would capture the steer. He turned out his two dogs, and they trotted lazily along the road until they overtook tho steer. When they were on a level with his bead, slouching along as if they were half asleep, one of them grabbed him by the leg, and tho other seized him by the nose. In this position he was held until a rope was put around his neck, and ho was secured. Sherry and Jersey are both of the regular Lyme Hall strain, and are the only pure dogs of that strain in this country. — N. Y. Shu. B®" A country lass was driving a donkey to a fair in Renfrewshire one tine summer morning. The donkey was a laggard, and was more intent on cropping the roadside herbage than on going to the fair ; but the girl didn't put herself about. Pleasant thoughts of her sweetheart were passing through her mind, and she sang gayly to herself. An Irish laborer overtook her, and as he passed he said : "My darling, you're as lively this morning as if you had been newly kissed." The happy girl at once answered: " If ye think, Pat, that a kiss makes one lively, I wish ye wad kiss my donkey, for he's unco' stifif this morning." 516 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. i AtTCIEES' IIOUEKALAITD D^OULm^: XCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prop. A. N. RArs, Associate Editor. Published Weekly at 39 Uorch Nintli Street, PhiladelpUa. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, " U. S. and Canada 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, odd two cents per copy f 07' postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. THE MBETING OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMMITTEE OF THE A. P. A. AT NEW YORK. In compliance with tbe published call the Committee met at tbe Metropolitan Hotel in New York city on Wednesday, Aug. 11th. The attendance was large and prompt. The fol- lowing members were present : C. A. Sweet, E. S. Ralph, A. D. Warren, P. Williams, Albert Noyes, A. M. Dickie, M.D., Edw. L. Lamb, P. W. Hudson, I. K. Eeleh, E. P. Howlett, Genl. C. A Johnson, C. H. Crosby, and E. R. Spaulding. Besides these members of the Executive Committee there were present : Messrs. S. J. Bestor, A. M. Halsted, Benj. Mann, I. Van Winkle and others more or less known to the fancy. The meeting was promptly called to order and the Committee proceeded to the business for which it was convened. The time for holding the Chicago .show was changed to Feb. 10th to 20th, to accommodate the meeting of the A. P. A., which holds its annual meeting in that month instead of January, the time previously advertised for holding the National show. After discussing the finances of the Association the Com- mittee proceeded to act upon the applications for judgships. There seemed to be entire unanimity of sentiment in the Committee in reference to this business. Without a single word of dissent or criticism of the system, the Committee went to work at examining the applications and their in- dorsements. The merits of the different applicants were freely and fearlessly discussed. The Committee was fully alive to the responsibility they incurred in commissioning judges, and in every case where there was an}' doubt, or where the information was deemed insufficient, the applica- tion was laid over for further action. A number of appli- cations came from parties not members of the A. P. A. These could not be acted upon, but were laid over until the Secretary could communicate with the parties applying. Most of these applications will be confirmed when the parties comply with the necessary conditions. There were several applications for commissions to judge pigeons. As the A. P. A. has no standard yet for pigeons, the Committee could not authorize men to apply it, and the applications were passed for the time being. The Committee received communications charging Mr. F. J. Kinney with misdemeanors unbecoming a fancier, and asking for a committee of investigation. The Com- mittee after hearing the charges entertained a motion to have a committee appointed, and one was accordingly al- lowed, consisting of five New England fanciers. This Com- mittee was instructed to report the results of their investi- gations to the Executive Committee at its next session. A Committee was also appointed to investigate the circumstances connected with Mr. E. T. M. Simmons' late irregularities. This committee consisted of three Penn- sylvania fanciers. Mr. Lamb reported for the Committee on Transportation that very favorable terms will be allowed to parties wishing to exhibit at the National show at Chicago. Mr. Warren also for that Committee reported that the New England fanciers would charter a train from Boston to run through to Chicago, and pick up all that w.inted to go in that way, at a very moderate expense both for owners and stock. Dr Dickie for the Committee on Centennial affairs report- ed progress, but was unable to give any very satisfactory in- formation. The Committee would have been pleased to re- ceive a more definite report in reference to this matter, but owing to a lack of information from headquarters at Phila- delphia nothing more definite could be reported. This ended the business of the meeting for the present. Mr. Sweet then congratulated the members on the large at- tendance, the enthusiastic and harmonious character of the proceedings. The greatest good humor prevailed through- out. Every member of the Committee stripped off his coat and worked and perspired in good earnest. Every one present felt convinced that this was one of the best busi- ness meetings that the Committee has ever held and felt en- couraged with the prospect held out by the future for the good time coming for the fanciers of America. THE MONTH OF ATJGITST Is a good time to separate the sexes of your breeding fowls — when the birds are moulting. The hatching season being over for the year, there is no call for some months now for impregnated eggs ; and the few that are laid by the year- old or two-years old hens, until late fall or winter, will be quite as serviceable in the household as if fertile. Besides, at this hot season, the hens' flesh is tender, and the claws or spurs of the male easily tear their backs and sides, and render them uncomfortable, through their atten- tions. Whether you breed many or few (and especially if you have large flocks) this arrangement should be observed, after July, for the health, comfort and well-doing of both sexes. With the young stock, this plan is not requisite as yet. Most chickens of this year's hatching have not so far ma- tured as to render it necessary. We have found it as well to allow the chicks to run all together, up to a late season — • for convenience of feeding and attending — though we should always advise the limiting of the number in each flock to not exceeding forty or fifty, of both sexes, however ample the premises they occupy. They will do better in every way, where not overcrowded, whether they be small or large. THE BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA. Drawn, engraved, and colored from life by Theodore Jasper, A.M., M.D., and published by Jacob Studer, Colum- bus, Ohio, in 36 parts, at %l each. Part I, now before us, contains four full-page illustrations, beautifully executed in colors. Plate 1 represents the " White Headed, or Bald Eagle." Plate 2 is a very interesting picture, representing a pair of " Yellow Hammers " taking possession of the nest of a pair of Red-headed Woodpeckers, in which they not PANCIh^RS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 517 only succeod in driving out tlio Woodpeclu-rs, but, also, in pitcViing tlieir four eggs out nftnr thorn. A pair of Nutliatches are iilso represented in tliis ])lBte, which were drawn to tho scene by mere curiosity ; " They merely wanted to see what the raolcet was about." The above is iin actual representation of a scene witnessed by the Doctor during his ramble through the woods. Plate 3 rep- resents the " White, or Whooping Crane." Plate A rep- resents tho " Skeleton of a Bird," with a careful descrip- tion of every part of tho body. Tho work is got up in the very best style, and what we particularly like about it, is the letter-press description ac- companying the plates ; so that we have not got to wait for tho thirty-si.v numbers before wo can commence to read it intelligently. NOTIOK No. 1. To TiiK Patron.s of thk OrL City Poultry Yards : Those having claims against the above named poultry yards, either for unfulfilled contracts or stock or eggs pur- chased, will please present the same in writing to the editor of the Fanciers' Journal, Jos. M. Wade. Said claims will be paid upon approval by the undersigned. Edwaru T. M. SrM>roNS, Notice No. 2. To thk Patrons of the Oil City Poultry Yaiids : Those knowing themselves to bo indebted to tho above named poultry yards will please remit tho amount to the editor of tho Fanciers' Journal, Jos. M. Wade, who is au- thorized to receipt for the same, and oblige, Kdward T. M. Simmons. [We have received the above notices from Mr. E. T. M. Simmons and we hope those indebted to him will promptly remit and give him a fair chance to settle up his poultry ac- counts promptly. — Ed.] Coi^F\ESfO|^DEflCE. IMPORTATION. Friend Wade: I received per steamship Wisconsin, which reached New York from Liverpool, June 2'th, an invoice of very choice Bantams, as follows : One cock, two pullets, and one hen Black African Bantams, "including mother and sister to the winners at tho last Crystal Palace show." One cock and two hens Silver Duckwing Game Bantams, " the cock is a groat winner here." One cock and one hen Silver Duckwing Game Bantams, " the cock is also a winner, and was shown at tho last Crystal Palace and Bir- mingham shows." One cock (died on passage) and two hens Black-breasted Red Game Bantams, " winners last autumn," and successfully shown at Birmingham, etc. One cook and one hen Red Pyle Bantams, •' excoedingly stylish birds," never exhibited. The above were selected for mo by J. H. Cryer, Esq., Southport, England. All (except the B. B. R. cock) arrived in good condition. Thirteen eggs were laid on the passage, and one of tho Duckwings first named, laid an ogg tho day after reaching my place, and the fourth day both of them laid. Yours truly, Wauwatos.v, Wis., July 7, ISTS. S. H. Skamans. C. N. BROWN, UNADILLA FORKK, OTHEOO CO., N. t. Friend Wade; The above-named dealer advertises in your Journal, and also refers to you in his advertisement, "as to liis manner of dealing." As to the "manner I" a sketch of my expe- rience with him is in order. I negotiated with him for a trio of Bantams. April 20th, sent him $15, price agreed upon, which were to bo shipped at once, which money ho received. I waited patiently and no Bantams. Wrote sec- ond letter. No reply, I wrote third letter, which I regis- tered, and received reply dated May 17th, with apology, and promised to ship immediately. May 27th, no birds coming, I again wrote him and cancelled the order, request- ing return of money ; !-ince when I have received no reply. June 2.3d, I again wroli; him, which letter I registered, and which he received June 28th, as per the register received; which, with letters and copies, I submit for your inspection. To this date I am without further reply, and he still has my $15, on interest. Now, sir, when we come across a man whose " manner of dealing " is \\\us peculiar , I feel it is but justice to our frutornily that he be exposed in this public manner. Respectfully, Waiiwatosa, Wis., July 7, 1S75. S. H. Seamans. very good weight. I HAVE two Plymouth Rock cockerels, that are two months and seven days old, that weigh five pounds. 1 think it good weight for that age, let us hoar from others. Respectfully yours, J. H. Morrison. THE western PENNSYLVANIA POULTRY SOCIETY. This Society has now entered on its fifth year. The past record of the Society is one of which its members may well be proud. Every premium awarded has been paid in full, and all other demands have been promptly met. The last exhibition was a very decided financial success — its future, one of great promise. The merchants and others who so liberally provided spe- cial premiums for the exhibition of January, 1875, have in many cases already promised specials for the next show, January 12 to 18, 1870. If the breeders in Pennsylvania would lend a helping hand, a society rivaling Buffalo and Boston might be formed. The Western Pennsylvania Soci- ety now leads all other societies in the state, and it intends to maintain the first place. Its premiums in January last surpassed all other society's premiums, except tho Western New York, and we hope to do even better next time. At the last exhibition we had only two coops of fowls from Philadelphia. Considering the large premiums offered, we certainly expected more encouragement from Eastern breeders. Wo have the best hall for a poultry show in the country, which is well lighted both day and night, and we guarantee to our Eastern friends, if they will only frater- nize with us, honest judging, careful attention to their birds, and prompt payment of premiums. Breeders of Asiatics will have to send good birds, or they will be beaten. Tho Asiatic classes have been well culti- vated in this section, but some other breeds have not been. The specimens of White and Brown Leghorns at our shows are few and poor in quality. The inquiries for the Leg- horns are now numerous. Had some of the Eastern breed- ers of these birds only shown at our latt show, they would undoubtedly have done well in sales of chicks and eggs. Black Hamburgs are almost unknown here, and Polish, Plymouth Rocks, and Spanish are not bred in our imme- diate neighborhood. One or two gentlemen have some very choice pigeons of a few varieties, but the breeding of pigeons is still in its infancy, and no rabbit breeder that the writer knows of. I mention these facts to show that breeders of the above specialties cannot fail to do well at our next show. 518 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. We would like to see a good show of pet animals at our next exhibition. Will not some of our Eastern brethren help us. Our premium list will be issued in due time. Ap- plications for the same are requested, in order that no one may be overlooked. Yours respectfully, A. A. Miller, Oakdale Station, near Pittsburg, Pa. Secretary. S|W;^LL PeJ DEf/^F^TI^EfJj AND YOUNG FOLK'S CORNER. (For Fanciers' Journal.) FISH AND FISHING. No. 4. PIKE OK PICKBKEL. These fish afford fine sport, and are found in rivers and creeks, but principally in lakes and ponds. In season, they are full of game and fight hard. They will take the hook at any season, but spring and fall are considered the best. Kainy or overcast days are those on which pickerel bite the most savagely. In fishing for pike, if a reel be i:sed, the sport will be much increased. They can be trolled for with a spoon, by dragging it behind a boat across a pond ; but this is an unsportsmanlike way to catch them. A double hook is the best for pickerel, and if that part of the line next to the hook be wrapped with slender wire, there will be no danger of the sharp teeth of the pickerel severing the line. In some states, pickerel fishing during the months of March, April, and May, is prohibited by. law and a heavy fine imposed on all violators. Live minnows are the best bait, and should be hooked under the back fin, or through the gill covers. The skinned hind-legs of a frog, or a nar- row thin strip of pork will answer for bait. The under part of the pickerel itself is also good, when cut into strips. While fishing for pickerel the bait must be kept constantly moving, over the surface and a few inches under the surface. No float is needed, a plain line armed with a double hook, or a number 8-0 single hook, is all that is required ; though, as I said before, if a reel be used, it will add greatly to the sport. In the winter, when the lakes and ponds are covered with ice, pickerel are caught in great numbers. Holes are cut in the ice and a baited line dropped through. The line is fastened to a stick stuck in the ice, to which a bell is some- times attached, and the shaking of the stick, or the ringing of the bell, announces the hooking of a fish. CAT FISH Bear the name of being the ugliest fish inhabiting fresh water. Little skill is required to catch them. Either a rod or a hand-line can be used. Eor bait, sturgeon-roe is con- sidered the best, though worms and beef-lights are also used. Night is the best time to fish for cat fish. The bob (made by stringing worms on a stout thread and tying them into a ball), is generally used for night fishing. Hooks are not used in connection with the bob ; but the teeth of the cat fish being small and numerous, become entangled in the thread, they are easily lifted from the water. Hooks with the beards filed off are better for the cat fish, as such hooks are easily unfastened, and with less danger to yourself of being finned. Immense numbers of cat fish are caught about the wharves of Philadelphia. Persons make the cap- ture of this fish their sole occupation. Long rows of " fishes " (a sort of hoop-net) are set in the docks. Butchers' oft'al is used to bait these anything but dainty fish. On taking up the nets in the morning, they are generally found to be filled. It is astonishing how quickly the skin is pulled ofl^the cat fish by these men. One cuts the skin loose from the head, while another quickly strips it from the flesh with a pair of pincers. There are two kinds of cat fish, the white and the yellow, or mud cat fish ; the former being esteemed for eating pur- poses. In the rivers of the West, there is a variety of cat fish which grows to an immense size ; specimens have been caught weighing eighty pounds. EELS. It is a remarkable fact that, as common as the eel is, com- paratively nothing is known concerning the manner in which its young is produced. The same directions as given for catching cat fish will also answer for eel fishing. HOOKS. Below will be found the difierent sizes of hooks and the fish for which they are adopted. Limerick pattern. Koach, . . Nos. 4, 3, 2, 1 Dace, ... " 6, 5, 3, 4 Chub, . . " 8, 7, 6 White Perch, " 2, IJ, 0 Yellow Perch, " 2, i SNAPPERS, Or, as they are sometimes called. Loggerheads, are often caught by means of hooks. A pole is cut, and a long cord armed with a No. 8-0 hook is affixed to it. A piece of an eel, about three inches long, is used for bait. The skin is left on the bait so that the little mud turtles cannot eat it before their larger cousin makes his appearance. At the mouth of small creeks is the most likely place to catch snap- pers. The snapper must be killed as soon as caught, for the hook causes it to become fevered and unfit for food if the steel remains in its mouth for any length of time. K. S. H. Minnows, . . Nos. 8, 7, 6 Sun Pish, . " 6, 5, 4 Pickerel, . " 6-0, 8-0 Cat Pish, . " IJ, 3-0 Eels, . . . " 2, 1, IJ HOW TO BUILD A BOAT. EowiNG is a healthful and pleasant recreation, and, with proper restrictions and safeguards, is to be. commended ; and our only advice is, that you observe these restrictions and safeguards, be regardful of the wishes and requests of your parents and guardians, and not make a business of what should be a wholesome amusement. The boat here described, if made according to directions, is flat-bottomed, safe, and strong, and also within the means and capacity of all. A good size for a safe, good row-boat sixteen feet long and three feet wide. A long boat is more difficult to manage, and more liable to be capsized. This boat is intended to seat one or two persons, and will accom- modate three. Pig. 1 gives a general view of the boat. Select durable and strong wood ; if you wish for a really servicsable and strong boat, able to withstand rough usage, use oak. Take two pieces of nicely planed board, about sixteen feet long by sixteen inches broad, for the sides ; for FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 519 the bottom, throo pincos of bonrd sixteen feet long by about twolvfl inches broad. Take tbo two side boards and place between them two blocks of wood, each about two and three quarters feet wide, as shown at A' /;,', Fig. 3 ; then toko some strong rope or cord and tie it tightly round both ends, as shown at // //, Fig. 3 ; insert into tlio cord at J a strong stick, and twist it round gradMuUy until the two ends of the board are brought nearly together at L. You must A_ ^ '^ -^— ___j. B now make a cutwater of oak, eighteen inches long, and not quite one inch wide; insert this at L, between the two boards; give the .stick J another twist, and the cutwater will, for the time being, be held tight between them ; then with a gimlet bore five or si.v holes through both boards and the cutwater, and secure all three firmly together with good stout screws. A full view of the stern is given in Fig. 4. It must bo of oak, and should be shaped as shown; at the top thirty-six inches wide, and about eighteen inches deep. You had better, perhaps, make this somewhat larger than is actually required ; for after it is fixed to the end of the boat, it can be easily phmcd down, while, should you by any chance make it too small, it cannot be enlarged. This must bo fixed to the end of your boat at iV, Fig. 3, and be firmly screwed on with long, thin screws, the holes for which should each be first carefully bored. Having screwed the stern on as tightly as possible, proceed to make the bottom of the boat. For this take the tliroo pieces of board you have, and make the sides to lap over, so as to lit one in another, as shown at B, Fig. 2; having done this, you must place the boards together and secure them firmly in this position by means of four pieces of wood, as shown at A A A A, Fig. 2; now secure this to the bottom of the boat, using long, thin screws, always being careful first to bore the holes, lest you should split the wood. The hull of the boat is now roughly finished, but without oitlior being calked, or with- out a keel, rudder, rowlocks, etc. Now calk your boat. To do this, obtain some tow, and also some tar or pitch, in which you must well soak your tow, and then, with the blade of an old knife, crowd it well into all the joint.* and crevices. It is all-important that you do this well; for if at all hurried, your boat may bo liable to leak. Now make the keel. This must be of oak, about an Inch deep, and about the same width. It must be securely screwed along the bottom of the boat ; having done which, tar the bottom well, as an additional security of its being water-tight. The rudder (Fig. 5) must bo shaped as shown, and a piece of wood must also be screwed at right angles to the top of it. (See Fig. 5.) This is in order that the rudder may be worked by the two small ropes, as will be seen by Fig. I. Two small hooks (D D) must now bo fixed in the rudder, in order to hang it on to the stern ; these can be made out of some strong iron wire, one end being firmly innertcd in the rudder, and the other bent as shown. Cut a atrip of wood {A A, Fig. 4) and screw it to the end of the stern, taking care to fix it exactly in the middle; into this insert two pieces of iron wire, and bend them round so as to allow the rudder to be hooked on. (Fig. 4.) The rowlocks and scats next require to be made; for the former, eight pieces of oak, neatly rounded, and about an inch in diameter, will do well ; they must be fixed into either side of the boat, as shown in Fig. 1. 3takc the seats and secure them firmly. You have now only to secure two strings to the-top part of the rudder, that the same may be worked by any one sitting in the stern of the boat. In order to be quite sure the boat is water-tight, you had better, if possible, anchor her in some water, and then place some heavy stones in her. Should no water leak in during twelve hours, you may be certain the boat is perfect, and only re- quires to be painted. The best colors to use will be, for the outside, white, relieved by a narrow stripe of blue ; and for the inside a light blue. The seats might be made more comfortable by tying or nailing a small cushion upon them, and the boat is finished. — Oliver Optic's Magazine. TEf«S. 8®" At a trial match of sausage-making machines Cincinnati, one of tbcm lopped off the hand of its exhibitor. It took the palm. J6@° A " Society for the Protection of Birds useful to the Farmer " is one of the societies in a French department All nests found are reported to the society and protected by it. In the past year the society protected 214 nests. 8®° A Plucky Little Doo.— The D-jnver(Col.) Tribune, of July 20, contributes to the dog stories. It says : "An amusing incident was witnessed by the crowd col- lected on Larimer street bridge, over Cherry Creek, yester- day, watching the rush of its wonderful waters. A sprightly little dog, barbarized so as to represent a lilliputian lion, by some untoward circumstance fell into the burly flood. Ho at once turned his face up stream and stemmed the torrent bravely, but to no purpose, for he barely kept his position opposite the shore, lie then turned about and attempted to swim down stream to a landing place, near which were col- lected a number of his canine genus looking with seeming inditlercnce upon hi.~ struggle for life. It seemed as though time was up for the unfortunate purp, when he was fortunately caught in a whirling eddy and brought to shore. No sooner had he landed than, with tail erect, he 'went for' those 'other dorgs ' who he. perhaps, thought viewed his unfor- tunate plight with ill-rospect, and more th.in one of them had cause to regret that he had not drowned. Such a stam- pede of dogs you never did see." 520 PAJSrCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. J8@°" The Latest Poultry Pood. — Our poultry-man announces that he keeps his Spring chickens on ice during the hot weather. 8®° A Country Full or Poxes. — Mr. George W. Gabehart, who lives near Bradfordsville, has a pack of hounds with which he has caught eighty odd red foxes in ten months. George believes in thinning out the foxes in- stead of the dogs, to save his sheep, which we think is a very good idea ; for the foxes are far more destructive to the younger flocks of sheep than dogs, especially in this moun- tainous country. Let the people kill out all the worthless curs and bench-legged dogs, and keep a few good hounds and train them, as Mr. Gabehart has his, to know better than to kill sheep. Ked foxes are very numerous in this part of the country, and they do not prey upon the lambs altogether ; they have been known to eat and kill pigs over one month old, besides coming in broad daylight to the doors of dwell- ings to catch chickens. The fact is, we could not do well without a few good dogs in this neighborhood, for if it was not for them the good mothers would have to put their babies in the closet and lock them up, to keep the foxes from steal- ing them. — Lebanon (Ky.) Standard. B^^Preak or A Pet Bear. — A large cinnamon bear kept at Cardwell's Hotel, in Sacramento, Gal., was brought into the bar-room on the 16th inst., at the request of guests who had expressed a desire to see him accomplish the feat of drinking a glass of whisky. The Sacramento Union tells the rest of the story: "The barkeeper promptly prepared a whisky punch and placed it on the counter before him. The bear placed his fore-paws on the edge of the counter, and drank the liquid with apparent relish, many of the ex- cursionists meanwhile patting him or feeling- his coat. The glass having been drained of its contents, the barkeeper compounded a second punch, and passed it to the bear with bis left hand, but at that moment one of the bystanders playfully took the bear by the ear. The beast, becoming enraged, seized the barkeeper's hand, sinking his teeth deep in the fleshy portion of it, and attempting meanwhile to pull the man over the counter. The keeper beat the bear over the head to make him let go, but without the desired eflTect. The bartender drew a revolver and pointed it at the animal's head, but did not fire, fearing the shot might not be fatal. All efforts to make the bear loose his hold failed, and in the end the hand had to be pulled by main force out of his jaws, causing terrible laceration, strings of flesh hanging down as the hand was finally withdrawn. The bear now grew much more violent, and the crowd of ladies and gentlemen that had filled the saloon became panic- stricken, and fled in all directions, the men shouting and the women screaming. The keeper, however, having hold of the bear's chain, took a turn around a post supporting the ceiling of the apartment and kept him from doing further hurt, and finally, after a considerable beating, he was re- moved to his cage. A physician, who accompanied the excur- sionists, did honor to his profession by remaining and dress- ing the barkeeper's wounded hand while the others were dispersing. The barkeeper, whose wonderful nerve and courage were commented upon admiringly by all, he having scarcely changed color, notwithstanding the intense pain, expressed his determination to kill the bear, but the keeper and others opposed him and he then gave up his situation at the house in disgust." ADVEBTISESfETTTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months, 1234per cent, discount. " six months, 25 " " " " nine months, olY^ " " " twelve montbs, 50 *' " CHANGED AS OFTEST AS DESIRED. No e.Ktra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Excliang:es and Wants, limited to 48 words, must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. ^^ Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Nonpareil Measurement. Count your lines hy this rule,f7-om line to line. Excli^NqES. .«S" Advertisements in this Colum-n, of Five Lines, or FoRTif Eight Words, describing and offering for excbaiig:e only, WILL be allowed AT 35 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. F- E. BACHACA^i', Strasburg, Lancaster Co., Pa., will exchange 4 pair Swallows, 1 pair Jacobins, 2 pair Turbits, 2 pair Barbs, 1 pair Pouters, and -i odd Pigeons— for one pair of Black Mottled Trumpeters, W. H. RATHBOXE, Uncasville, New London Co., Conn., will exchange choice Brown Leghorn chicks (early hatch)— for Doyle's or Tegetmeier's Poultry Books. C. E COOK, Union, McHenry Co., 111., will exchange a ^ood Silver Fob Watch Chain, value :&5, a gentleman's Traveling Writing Case (splended Italian leather) value @12, Doyle's Illustrated Poultry Book and Buruham's new book, value §6.50 — for Bantams, Fancy Pigeons or Rabbits. Speak quick as I want them at once. E. W. SXEEVER, MiUersburg, Dauphlin Co., Pa., will exchange 5 B. B. R. Games (hatched April, 187o)— for Lt. Brahmas, Houdans, G. S. Bantams or Fancy Pigeons. What other ofiers? ABB.AHAItl PERKY, Monroe, Orange Co., N. Y., will exchange three sets of small Stencil Tools, which some young man or lady can make S25 per week. Cost $25, in good order — for what they have to offer. Also, six Dark Brahma hens tone cock), all fine stock. A. B. SMITH, Worthingtou, Ind., has to exchange six English Coach pups— for Buff, Black, AVhite, or Partridge Cochins; W. C. B. Polands, S. S. Hamburgs, Ct. S. Bantams. B. B. R. Game Bantams, W. H. Turkeys, Pekiu or Aylesbury Ducks, White Guineas. Good birds only wanted. A, B. SMITBC, Worthington, Indiana, has to exchange six English Coach pups for Jacobin, Pouter, or Fantail Pigeons ; Lop-eared Rabbits, Persian or Maltese Cats, Canary or Mocking-birds. Good stock wanted. Satisfaction guaranteed. What offers? H. J. SWIFT, Cuba, N. Y., will exchange a trio each of B. B. R. Games, L. Brahmas and Rouen Ducks— for W. C. B. Polands, Pekin Ducks or fancy poultry. A. K. MARTIN, Binghampton, N. Y., will exchange one trio of good Black Hamburgs, one trio of Buff Cochins and one pair of S. S. Hamburgs— for Fancy Rabbits, Pigeons, or Light Brahma fowls. Make me an offer. SMITH & BRO., Stony Brook, N. Y., will exchange Cochins, white and brown, Leghorns, S. S. Hamburgs, Game and Sebright Bantams, Aylesbury and Rouen Ducks— for Mark Twain's books or Fancy Pigeons. Poultry must be closed out. O. M. TWITCHEEE, Fairfield, Me., will exchange P. R. Cocker- els, from Drake's stock direct, or pair of L. Brahmas ('74 hatch) from Comey stock ; large cock weighs 13U', hen 9}^, very thin flesh — for Sil- ver Sebright Bantams. What offers?" »r. B. F, BEARBSEET, Binghampton, N. Y., will exchange an extra tine pair of Pekin Ducks — for pure bred Toulouse or Hong Kong Geese, also Buff Cochin chicks— for S. S. Hamburgs or Aylesbury Ducks. OEIVER KENDAEE, Sterling, Mass., will exchange one pair B. B. Red Game Bantams, one trio Silver Sebright Bantams, or fancy pi- geons—for Duckwing Bantam pullets. WIEEIAM JaiEIi, North Adams, Mass., has for exchange one trio of Black Spanish chicks, one pair of Houdan chicks, one trio of White Cochins, one pair of White Fantails, all from good stock and early hatch — for Lop-eared Rabbits, or pet stock of any variety. FANCIERS' JOUUNAL AND POULTKY EXCHANGE. "iSrOlO IFOI?, ITSEXilF BUT IF O 12- A. L L." Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, AUGUST 26, 1875. No. 34. FISH-MAMMALS AT THE ZOO. A CHAT -n-ITH CAI'TAIN THOMrSON. " Do you think you can keep them alive? " asked ii Tunes reporter yesterday afternoon of Captain Prank .J. Tliomp- son, who is the superintendent and conservator of tlie Zo- ological Gardens at Fairmount Park. The reporter referred to two sen cows [Monntus Aiistralis) received from the place of their capture (Demerara, W. 1.^ on the previous day — a mammal all the more interesting because in no other collec- tion of animals in the world does a living specimen now e\ist. "Well," said Mr. Thompson, "I feel very expectant that I shall. The fact is, just now I've got the blues. I've lost my big elephant, Knipress, and by a very singular coincidence, as I learn by mail, Jlr. Bartlctt, of the London Zoological Gardens, has just lost >ii.i pet elephant — the crown- ing glory of that celebrated estal>lishment. Just at the same time, Conklin, of the Xew York Gardens, lost a pet cub lion that he would not have parted with for its weight in gold. The little quadruped was as gentle as a kitten, and would take a lamb chop out of Conklin's fingers as daintily as a lady in a jirivate box in a theatre, in blossom- colored gloves, would remove a caramel from a box of bon- bons." " "Well, about these soa cows, Mr. Thompson ; let's look at them," said the Times reporter, " and see what they are like." Conducting the writer to the two tanks in which the mammals were brought to this country, said Mr. Thomp- son, " they wei'e caught at Demerara, by means of lassoes. They are essentially ditferent from the seal. They are wholly herbivorous. They would no more eat a fish than a cow would indulge in a hornpipe, or a jackass undertake to dive for clams. Like chickens, there are several species of them. Two are found in America and one in Africa, but always on those shores that are washed by the Atlantic. They live upon seaweed and aquatic grsisscs," continued Mr. Thompson, " and if we can keep them alive they will be among the most interesting pets we ever could have. They had a single one in the Zoological Gardens of London, and one in those of New York. The latter lived about four nionthj, the former a still shorter time. In South America they are considered a fish, and their llcsh is permitted to be eaten on Fridays. 522 PANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. Ecclesiastically, the fact that it is a mammal," said Mr. Thompson, with a wink indescribably sly, " is ignored, and to see a jolly padre eating a ragout of manatee meat on the sixth day of the week, as I have, would do you good." Clearing from the surface of the water in their tanks the Schuylkill grass ( Valisneria Spiralis) with which he had been feeding them, to the view of the privileged reporters the creatures were disclosed. They are respectively 6J and 9 feet long. The latter one is a female ; the sex of the other is undetermined. They bear their young living and yield milk in abundance. Their noses are much like those of the hippopotami, and to that animal and the seal they in part bear mixed resemblance. They arrived in Baltimore on Monday, August 2d, from Demerara, per brig W. McFraer, Captain Forrest. A telegram to Mr. Thompson of their arrival sent a keeper to the Monumental City. Mr. Shriver, agent of the New York and Baltimore Transportation Company, sent a steamer alongside the brig, the two great tanks were transferred to it, brought to this city, placed upon crank-axled trucks, and on Wednesday night were in their new home, cheerful and tranquil, at Fairmount Park. The observer was favorably impressed with these animals. Their breath is as sweet as that of a cow in May time. That of the neighboring seals, which are wholly piscivorous, sug- gests the open hatchways of a vessel whose cargo consists of sour-krout and guano. Their snouts are pierced with pretty holes, like those of sucking pigs. They have not the fur of the seal, nor, like the seal, do they bark. Until their transfer to the iron and glass tanks being prepared for them, they will not be exhibited to the public. Being graminivorous, the fle.sh of the sea cow is edible to others than Esquimaux, and when well dried, for a full year will keep sweet. The natives kill it for its flesh and for the beautiful leather yielded by its hide. Mr. Thompson enthusiastically expects to raise these two specimens, which, if he should do so, will enable him to crow over the superintendent of every other Zoological Garden in Christendom, not excepting that in Paris, of the Jardin des Plantes. Within two weeks past a magnificent living seal, with her baby, has been received at the Gardens. That dear little boy seal has been christened "Frank Thompson." He takes the breast like a lambkin, and his mamma manages to stow away inside of her about twelve pounds of fish per day. That baby rises in the water like a cork. Two other seals are there in separate water compartments, and every one of them is a superb specimen of his kind. Whether these creatures will reproduce their species in captivity is a prob- lem that remains unsolved. There are but one or two cases where monkeys have done so, and parrots, never. The carnivora, on the contrary, arc as prolific when under re- straint as when roaming their native jungles. Before the siege of Paris, when the soldiers were fed upon lion stew and panther potpie, the Jardin des Plantes had a surplus of such creatures to give away. Everything that the Gardens con- tained, the monkeys excepted, they ate. For a Frenchman to have eaten the monke3'S might have seemed cannibalistic and they were spared. Mr. Thompson will do his best to save these new arrivals of mammalia. It is true that he mourns the loss of his toothless octogenarian elephant, Empress, but when it is noticed that she, an African elephant, a zebra, a lion and lioness, a black tiger, a magnificent Bengal tiger, and an ibex were bought for the small sum of 515,000, it will be seen that the pecuniary loss of the decrepid elephantine sovereign is by no means serious. A few days more her skeleton will be wired and mounted and will take its place among the rarce aves of this interesting " show." — Philadel- phia Times. PodLjE^Y D^p^F^TjviErJT- (For Fanciers' Journal.) ON JUDGING POULTRY. Mr. Wade. Dear Sir: Allow me once more, through the columns of your valuable paper, tosay a few words on judging poultrj'. I see in No. 32, Vol. II, where Mr. W. P. Hovey says, we want a growing crop of judges. This is very essential, and this growing crop of judges should commence at home amongst their own fowls, commencing first with the egg to see if it has its proper coloring, as there is but four colors : dark brown, light brown, cream and white. All Asiatic fowls lay a dark brown egg when thorough- bred ; all crosses or mixed blood changes the coloring of the egg. You may have a lot of Light Brahmas and think they are pure ; there is but one way to tell and that is to take the pains to watch them when they come off the nest and exam- ine the egg ; if it is a dark brown, mark the hen as thorough- bred, and sit those and no others ; but, from a flock of thirty, hatched from those brown eggs, you may find but two or three fit for exhibition purposes, to suit the standard; and if they are but three-quarter-hred, j-ou may find just as many suitable for exhibition and may count as many points. It is impossible to breed them all alike, no matter how long you have bred from the dark brown eggs ; therefore, judging poultry at exhibitions, according to their points to suit the standard, amounts to nothing, unless the judges have first seen the eggs that hatched them. Until this mode of selecting the eggs is adopted, there will never be any improvement in our poultry. For instance, the Plymouth Rock, I am told, is a very diflBcult bird to breed to the standard, because they are a cross and will show too many feathers of their ancestors — " blood will tell." Now to tell the proper color- ing of their eggs is to ascertain the color of the egg that hatched them when first crossed ; if the blood from their mother's side lay dark brown eggs, and the fame on the father's side, theirs should be the same ; but if of dififerent coloring, theirs will be of some other shade ; and if the male parent was thorough-bred, and the female not, their offspring will be mongrels, and you cannot make an3'thing else of them ; therefore, poultry breeders cannot be too careful in selecting their eggs, by so doing we may all be judges, and without this way of breeding no just premium can be given. I called a few months ago on a poultry fancier who had a flue flock of what he supposed to be Light Brahmas, saj'ing, "Those four are of Mr. prize strain, and those six from Mr. premium birds," and so on until I got their pedigree in full- KAN 0 1 hi US' .lOUUNAL AND IM) (J J/iMi Y i; X C JI A N 0 K. 523 Ifii oll'fi'iil WW, 11 sitting of eggs. I refused, on iiccount of tlii'ir Vjniiig- ton many colors, and, after I had explained the iiialter to him, ho admitted that tliey were not as thorough- liri^d as ho would like thoy should bo, not by a good deal, although he paid a big price for them; "but," Haid he, '' I was not aware that their eggs would tell on them." AuiiUMT II, 187",, Yours truly, Wm. J. I'vr.K. (l',.rK;in,'i.>«M,H,ni;il.) THE BLACK BANTAM. BtACK Bantams are one of tho oldest and yet most popular of the various breeds of Bantams, and no breed of fowls exhibits more plainly the slcill and science of the modern breeder. Tho ]ioints necessary to constitute a good Black Bantam cock, whethiir for breeding purposes or exhibition, are as follows: A perfectly white ear-lobe, of moderate size, round, substantially thick, and with an enamel-looking glaze upon it. Comb neat, flat, a bright coral rod, well spiked on tlio top, and terminating at the back in a well-developed pike, inclining a little up rather than down on the head. I'lumage abundant, and a good black with a metallic green or blue lustre, tho former preferred. Legs black or deep slate color, small and taper. There is some ditlcronce of opinion as to shape and style, some thinking that a Black Bantam should be drooping in tho wings and carry the tail over the back like Sobrights. My ideas, however, and those which predominate at most shows, aro that thoy should be tight in feathers ; wings well up and close ; sickles long, well arched, and rather drooping ; the whole carriage being smart and gainly. Tho hons I prefer moderately long in leg, as they show oft' better. In selecting birds for breeding great earo should bo taken to secure those most nearly approaching lierfection, but never choose ono with a glaring defect be- cause it happens to have one or two other points very good. Speaking of tho care and management of Black Bantams, Mr. 0. B. Elbon, of Pittsburg, Pa. (who I believe is gener- ally conceded to be tho leading breeder and importer of this variety in this country), says : " [ find tho Black Bantams i[inte hardy, being nearly equal in this respect to the Game Uantauis; but tho young chicks I think aro more liable to diseiuso until six months, and especially if the season be wot and damp. In this case care should bo taken to contine the chicks in a dry, warm coop, only permitting them to roam at largo during bright sunny weather, and also to have thorn hatched by a hen that is known to bo a good mother and careful to shelter her brood often. I do not allow mv Ban- tam lions to hatch and ri'ar my BnntnmH, but prefer a gowJ, medium-sized liiglit Brahma hen for the purpose, Ihny being less inclined to roam, and, owing to their size and their abun- dance of feathers, they aro better able to hover their chicks and protect them from .«udden ghowers. When first hatched I feed the. chicks soft f'lud live or six times u day, giving a littlo at K time as often as their appetite returns. At the age of'six weeks I commence feeding wheat and huch small grains as they can eat. The hens that hatch my Bantams are largo enough to cover eighteen chicks, but I prefer to be on tho safe side, and never allow them more than twelve or thirteen, as they need tu he brooded well until they are two months old, if the hen will remain with them that long; if not, it will be nece.s.sary to cover tho coop with carpet or some other material every night, as they are very susceptible to roop in early spring. " I mate all hens to cockerels and pullcLs to cocks, and usually allow live hens to a cock. I feed adult fowls, when at libcu'ty, fine corn meal and middlings mixed in a tough loiicrh in the morning, and nothing else until evening, when 1 give good sound wheat. In wet weather they should be kept indoors upon a dry ."^and Hoor." A gentleman writing of Black Bantams in Wright's Illus- trated Book of foultry, .«ays : " This is one of the most beau- tiful of the fancy varieties of poultry, and though generally looked upon as a strictly ornamental breed, yet I claim for it a place second to none (the Hamburgs excepted) for egg- producing properties, and for the returns they will give for the outlay in food, as most of them are incessant layers of comparatively good-sized eggs, except during the cold win- ter months, when few varieties can bo relied upon for that purpose." W. E. F. AMERICAN POULTRY ASSOCIATION. Mektixo ok the Kvki ri[VK Committek, Aigust 11th, Xjiw York City. Pursuant to call, the Kxecutive Committee mot at tho Metropolitan Hotel. General C. S. Johnson having kindly tendered the use of his private parlor, the meeting convened therein, and was called to order at 10.:!0 a.m., President C. A. Sweet in the chair. ilcmbers present : Messrs. A. D. Warren, Philander AVil- liams, Albert Noycs, Dr. A. M. Dickie, Edward L. Lamb, E. S. Kalph, P. W. Hudson, I. K. Felch, E. P. Howlclt, C. A. Johnson, C. H. Crosby, and E. K. Spaulding. Also the following gentlemen: Me.i-srs. S. J. Bestor, Hartford, Conn.; B. Mann, Haddontiold, N. J.; Dr. C. S. Belts, Mt. Kisco, N. Y. ; Isaac Van Winkle, Greenville, N. J. ; and A. M. Halsted, Kyo, X. Y. The Chairman, Mr. Sweet, gave a short statement of the objects of tho meeting, and in conclusion advised the mem- bers to first agree upon a definite order of business, suggest- ing that they should propose such objects as demanded the attention of the members at this time, and that these sub- jects should bo taken up in the order submitted. Previous to entering upon these special matters, tho regu- lar business of tho Society was transacted. The resignation of Mr, C. E. Marsh was accepted, and Mr. S. J. Bestor electeil to till the vacancy. Mr. Bestor acknowledged the honor in a few appropriate renuirks, congratulating the committee upon the full attend- ance and the progress of the Association during the past vear. 524 PAlSrCIBRS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. The membership of Mr. N. B. Sherwin was declared vacant, he not having complied with the rules of the Asso- ciation regarding membership. Mr. Jiinies M. Lambing, of Pennsylvania, was elected to fill this vaoancy. The Treasurer's report was then read, and upon resolution accepted and adopted. The Chairman then directed the attention of the members to the special objects of the meeting, and requested the gen- tlemen to propose such subjects as they deemed proper under the call. The following special order of business was then agreed upon : 1. Next place of meeting. 2. Appointment of Judges. 3. Membership. 4. Conflicting dates of Exhibi- tions. 5. New Standard. 6. New Membership. 7. Pi- nance. 8. Special Finance Committee. 9. Expulsion for Cause. 10. Transportation. 11. Seal. 12. Society Mem- bership. After some general discussion, the Chairman called up No. 1 of special order — " Next place of meeting." Consid- erable discussion ensued, regarding the fact that the Exhibi- tion of the National Poultry Association and that of the Maine Poultry Association were announced for the same week. It transpired that in the appointment of time the National Association had the precedence. Mr. Noyes, on behalf of the Maine Association, stated that he thought their time of meeting might be changed, although their premium list was already in the printer's hands, and other matters well under way. Mr. Lamb, President of the National Association, then stated that this subject had been thoroughly discussed at the last meeting of their Association, and that he came there prepared to change the time of their Exhibition to suit the views and wishes of the fanciers of the couutr}', as expressed at this meeting of the American Poultry Association. The time of the Exhibition of the National Poultry Asso- ciation was then set for February 10th to 16th, inclusive. Upon motion of Mr. S. J. Bestor, it was then resolved that the next meeting of the American Poultry Association shall convene at the Grand Pacific Hotel, in Chicago, at 10 A.M., on Saturday, February 12th, 1876. On motion, it was Resolved, That the Secretary be and hereby is instructed to notify all societies within his power, of the time of the next meeting of this Association, at the earliest possible moment. Adopted. The Chairman then announced that No. 4 of special order was rendered void by the action above taken. No. 2 — " Ap- pointment of Judges" — was then called up. Mr. Sweet explained that he had taken the responsibility of preparing and issuing the blank applications for appoint- ment, with the view of simplifying the work of the commit- tee, and also to prevent the flood of applications which might and probably would have been received from ambitious fan- ciers, should there be no restrictions upon the mode of application and determining the qualifications necessary for the position. Mr. Warren moved that no application for Judgeship be entertained, unless the applicant is or shall become a mem- ber of the American Poultry Association. This produced considerable discussion, but was finally passed unanimously. The names of .some sixty applicants for Judgeships were then read by the Secretary. As many of them were not members of the Association, it was Resolved, That further action upon this subject be deferred until the afternoon session, thereby giving the Secretary time to examine the membership-list, and lay aside the applica- tions of those who were ineligible. Mr. Warren took the floor, and explained his motion in proposing the resolution regarding membership qualification for a Judgeship. Without this, he said, the Association would have no authority or control over the persons ap- pointed ; this was absolutely necessary, for if such appointees were not amenable to the Association, they might bring the society into great discredit, and still escape being called to account for any misconduct or wrong-doing connected with their office. In the course of his further remarks, Mr. War- ren stated that there were many gentlemen — some present in this room — who were eminently qualified for the position of Judge, but who, through sensitiveness or other reasons, would not make a personal application for the position. He hoped that the Association would take measures to secure the appointment of such persons. Mr Sweet, in replying, stated that, while it seemed to him that all persons who were to be appointed as Judges should conform to the same rule, and sign the printed application, which binds the applicant in these word.s — "I hereby pledge myself to put aside all personal prejudices and con- siderations, and render my decision in compliance with the impartial demands of the American Standard of Excellence." It was, perhaps, best that the Executive Committee should exercise the power of appointing competent persons, whose qualifications and impartiality are well-known, and of whose services the poultry fraternity might otherwise be deprived. Mr. Bestor expressed his entire agreement with the previ- ous speakers, and hoped such action would secure the ser- vices of the best men to the fraternity. Special Order, No. 3 — "Membership" — was next taken up. The following persons were proposed and elected to membership: John Stone, Coatesville, Pa. ; J. E. MeCormack, Anibo}', 111. ; W. E. Morse, Amboy, 111. ; H. M. Johnson, Terre Bonne Station, La. ; Jas. A. Lambing, Parker City, Pa. . C. S. White, Elmira, N. Y. ; Wm. Austin, Niagara FallsJ N. Y. ; W. L. Brown, Hyde Park P. O., Ont., Can. ; Jesse G. Darlington, Philadelphia, Pa. ; Henry F. Felch, Natic, Mass. I Dr. C. S. Belts, Mt. Kisco, N. Y. ; Benj. Manm Haddonfield, N. J. ; Benj. P. Manson, Framingham, Mass. ; A. McLaren, Meadville, Pa. Also the National Poultry Association to society member- ship. Next in order was No. 5, " New Standard," Mr. Sweet stated that the new standard was progressing very favor- ably, but that on account of the book exceeding the esti- mated number of pages by about one-fifth, the publication was somewhat delayed. It would, however, be ready for delivery about September 1st. At the request of some members, Mr. Sweet gave a statement of the expense attend- ing the compilation and publication, and it was found to considerably exceed the original estimate. This so increased the cost that the margin left to the Association, when sold to the trade, was exceedingly small. After considerable de- bate, a motion was proposed that the Association should give no discounts on any sales of the book, thereby leaving all profits from the sale thereof to accrue to the Society. A FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY J5XCHANGE. 525 vi'iy «|ii]iUil ilubiito ensued on this subject, during wliich tliL' (Jliiiirrnun rullod upon Mr. Hiilsted, lis tlio representative of tlie I'uiiltry Journals, to give liis views upon tiio subject. Mr. llnlstod stated that lie tlioui^lit the proposed resolution, should it pa.ss, would bo suicidal to the sale of the book ; Urst, because the Poultry I'rc'ss generally, and also the book-tradc!, would not touch it ; and if applied to by letter, in reference to it, would not spend time and postage in replying to sueli inquiries, but would consign them to the wasto-basUet ; secondly, whatever the As.sociation mightsave to itself by retailing the work, would be expended in ad- vertising it, which it would have to do to treble the amount otherwise required. Further, that by giving the trade a liberal commission, the Poultry Journals would largely advertise the work, as well as noticing it editorially, and by keeping it exposed for sale on their book-shelves would secure many sales from amateurs who would never tak(' the trouble to write for a copy. Mr. U. thought that the sales would be nearly or quite doubled by putting it in the hands of the publishers of the Poultry Journals, as he knew from personal experience that, unless the Association did grant u suitable discount, the trade would have nothing to do with it. Mr. Warren then stated that although he had at first ad- vocated the passage of the foregoing resolution, since hear- ing what the last speaker had said, he should withdraw the resolution, as ho was convinced that it was for the best inter- ests of the Association to give a liberal discount to the trade. Messrs. "Williams, Bostor, and others followed, all agree- ing with the remarks of Mr. Warren. Ml'. Bestor then ofl'ered the following scale of prices, which, upon motion, was unanimously adopted: Retail jirice, single copies, . . . . $1 00 To the Trade, 28 to 50 copies, . 25 per cent. dis. 60 to 100 " . . 33i " " 100 copies and over, 40 " " On motion, the meeting then adjourned until 2.30 r.M. AFTERNOON SKSSION. Upon assembling, the Chairman called up the special order of business for the afternoon, viz. : " The appointment of Judges." A very full and free debate followed upon the qualifica- tions and standing of the candidates, which were sifted down to a fine point. Some of the applicants were by no means modest in enumerating the varieties they felt themselves qualified to act upon. One in particular, after enumerating some dozen or more kinds, ended with and any other varie- ties. These modest candidates came in for a good share of criticism. Mr. Felch was very emphatic in expressing his opinion, that no man in America coitUi bo n good and competent judge on all varieties of fowls, and but very few who had sufficient knowledge to act upon more than half a dozen breeds. Many others of the members wore equally decided in their objection to confirming any judge as qualified to act upon all, or nearly all the breeds enumerated in the standard. The applications of the following persons were granted, to act upon the varieties annexed to their names: W. P. Atkinson, Erie, Pa., Buft" Cochins, White and Brown Leghorns, Dominiques, Plymouth Kocks, and Black Spanish. Seward Iferry, Ilion, N. Y., Light and Dark Brahnias, Biifl'auJ Partridge Cochins. W. H. Todd, A'er- milion, 0., Asiatics and Leghorns (all varieties), Gold and Silver Laced Bantams, Black Spanish, Uoudann, Turkey*, and Waterfowl. A. P. Groves, Chestnut Hill, Phila., Pa., Partridge Cochins. Juhso G. Darlington, Philu., Pa., Dom- iniques. M. H. Cryer, Phila., Ph., Games and Game Ban- tams, Black Spanish, Hamburgs, and Kouen Ducks. John Stone, Coatsvillo, Pa., Games and Game iiantams. W. T. Rogers, Doylestown, Pa., Hamburgs. E. K. Sfmulding, Ce- dar Creek, N. J., Games and Game Bantams. Fred. Mas- ten, Buffalo, N. Y., Hamburgs. Geo. W. Chidsey, Elmira, N. Y., Light Brahnias, Buff, White, and Black Cochins, and Bantams otlK^r than Game. Seir Curtis, Buffalo, N. Y., Games and Game Bantams. Edw. B. Smitli, Buffalo, N. Y., Game Bantams. Geo. L. Williams, Buffalo, N. Y., Buff and White Cochins. E. S. Ongley, Auburn, N. Y., Ham- burgs, Polish, and Bantams other than Game. Charles H. Crosby, Danbury, Conn., Cochins, Brahmas, and Game Bantams. H. A. Mansfield, Waltham, Mass., Dark Brah- mas. K. F. Shannon, Pittsburg, Pa., Light and Dark Brahmas. C. C. Plaisted, Hartford, Ct., Light Brahmas. J. Y. Bicknell, Westmoreland, N. Y., Brahmas, Cochins, Black Spanish, White and Brown Leghorns, Dorkings, Houdans, Crevecceurs, La Flechc, Dominiques, Plymouth Rocks, Sebright and Black African Bantams, Geese, Ducks, and Turkeys. The remainder of the applications were tabled for the fol- lowing causes: Non-memborship ; including non-payment of society dues, and lack of information as to requisite quali- fications. One application only was peremptorily rejected. The following persons were then nominated by the Ex- ecutive Committee, and unanimously confirmed : C. A. Johnson, Newburyport, >Iass., Light and Dark Brahmas, French and Waterfowl. Jno. P. Buzzel, Clinton, Mass., Light and Dark Bralimas, and Partridge Cochins. P. Williams, Taunton, Mass., Asiatics, French and Ban- tams other than Game. E. C. Comey, Quincy, Mass., Light and Dark Brahmas, Buff, White and Partridge Cochins. Dr. A. M. Dickie, Doylestown, Pa., Brown Leghorns and Plymouth Rocks. E. P. Howlett, Syracuse, N. Y., Games and Game Bantams. S. J. Bestor, Hartford, Conn., Games and Game Bantams. A. D. Warren, Worcester, Mass., Black-red Games and Black-red Game Bantams. Henry F. Felch, Natic, Mass , Asiatics. P. W. Hudson, North Man- chester, Ct., Games, Game Bantams and Hamburgs. A. ,M. Halstead, Rye, N. Y., Spanish, French, Dorking and Miscellaneous classes. T. K. Felch, Xatic, Mass., Asiatic and Spanish classes. B. Mann, Haddonfield, U. J., White Cochins and Bantams other than Game. Albert Noyes, Bangor, Maine, White Cochins and Leghorns. The question of appointing judges on pigeons was brought up, and the Association docided that, inasmuch as they had no standard on pigeons, they had no authority to appoint judges, but that they would recommend to the different societies, Mr. Jos. M. Wade, of Phila., Pa., and Mr. Henry S. Ball, of Shrewsbury, Mass., as suitable and competent persons for such duty. The question of finance was then fully discussed, and the Chairman assured that the members of the Executive Com- mittee would spare no means to increase the receipts of the treasury, and would endorse any legitimate action of his conducive to that end. The matter of transportation being next in order, Mr. Lamb was asked what action his society had taken. He replied that they had boen successful iu their negotiations 526 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. ■with the American M. U. and the United States Express Companies, and the railroad authorities of Canada, and had concluded an arrangement whereby all stock exhibited at Chicago in February next, would be returned free of charge. Mr. Warren then stated on behalf of the Transportation Committee, that they had made an arrangement with the American M. TJ. Express Co. for a special train from Boston, and by way of Springfield, Albany and over the N. T. Cen- tral, Lake Shore, and Southern Michigan Railroads to Chicago; taking up the stock destined for the exhibition, as well as exhibitors and visitors for the same, at such points as shall be specified in advance, and conveying them to and from their destination at greatly reduced rates. It was thought that on this fact becoming generally known, ex- hibitors throughout the east would avail themselves of the advantages offered, and that a large number of fanciers would go out in company, thus making the trip a very social and pleasant affair. The Committee on Seal were instructed to procure a suit- able seal for the Association, and report at a subsequent meeting. Mr. Pelch presented a form of blank certificate for the registration on " scaling " of fowls, which was placed on file. Mr. Sweet called attention to the fee for scaling single specimens, and stated that in his opinion it was too high. Mr. Pelch agreed with Mr. S. and thought that while the society's fee for registering might be reduced to 50 cents, he thought no judge could afford to examine and scale a speci- men for less than the fee stated, viz., $1. It was then Resolved, That the resolution passed at the Buffalo meeting last winter be rescinded, and that the fee for scaling be $1.50 for each specimen^$l of which shall be retained by the judge, and 50 cents forwarded to the A. P. A., together with the copy of the judge's report. Dr. A. M. Dickie then occupied the floor, and presented a letter from the Superintendent of the Live Stock Depart- ment of the Centennial Exhibition. The Superigtendent stated, that although he had striven to get some action taken upon the subject, the matter was still in abeyance ; but that he hoped to be able to make a more definite statement before long. By resolution a vote of thanks was tendered to General Johnson for the use of his suite of rooms, and for courtesies rendered to the Committee during their meeting, and the Secretary was instructed to transcribe and present the same. The meeting then adjourned. E. S. Ealph, Secretary. (For Fanciers' Journal.) YOUTHFUL FOLLIES, We used to have jolly times in the Virginia Valley in the ante-bellum period. It was a large party of us, and we hunted in gangs, Al. Partridge, Doc. Jalap, Will Martin, Will Birdwell, John Hunter, Charlie Hanningham, Dash Beaver, and hosts of others, most of whom have foutrht their last battle, and lie peacefully beneath the grass over which we bounded in our youthful play. They grew from wild and mischief-loving boys to be brave and sturdy men. The chicken matches o>f our youth gave place to tests of courage when men met men with weapons in their hands and hatred in their hearts ; and the feathered combatants never showed more grit than that displayed upon the well- contested fields on which my boyhood friends together fought and died. How well do I remember that Sunda}' morning, when the old folks were at church ; a shrill whistle in the orchard back of the barn notified me that fun was on hand. Out I ran from the house ; and, as my foot touched the grass, my ears were saluted with the muffled crow so peculiar to a chicken in a bag; and then another which was evidently choked off by some muscular power. When I reached the thickets (which abounded upon the outskirts of every well-ordered Southern orchard) I found the whole crowd of boys assembled and in a great state of excitement. Charlc}^ had obtained a new rooster and want- ed to see what manner of stuff he was made of. No sooner was the demand made known than the supply was on hand. I hastened back to the yard, and, catching the first chicken possible, got the heels from their hiding place, and we all adjourned to the quiet spot, where, free from the fear of interruption, our battles were fought. Dash handled the new-comer and I handled my own. The first was as homely a chieken as the ej'e of man ever looked upon. Of a dirty, slaty blue, with the feathers ragged and torn from the head and neck, with a bleared and swollen eye, and hump-backed, he presented the appearance of a crook'd-back Richard, whose policy should have been to flee the wrath to come ; and yet he did not scare worth a cent. In fact he took but slight notice of what was going on, sub- mitting to be turned bottom upwards and heeled without a struggle or a noise. His indift'erence was rather encouraging to me, for, in those days, I was not very well versed in either birds or men, and did not know that silence in the face of danger is not always distinction of cowardice. My bird was a Black-red, handsome as a picture, active as a cat, and eager for the fray. It was diffiloult to heel him, so continuously was he pecking the hands that held him and struggling to be at his placid opponent. The moment came, the birds were set at liberty, they rushed across the tan and met in the air. The exchanges were rapid and terrific — and then the ragged Blue stood upon the body of my Black-red and crowed. By the time he crowed the second time I was in pursuit of a second bird. In less than an hour that roach-backed fiend had piled up the carcasses of the pets of our barnyard. There was but one ■rooster left on the place, and he was my father's favorite. Ah, he was a grand bird. I ran about the barn, hoping that another might have been overlooked ; but no, there was but one — that glorious Red — and his eye was flashing back the rays of the sun as he raised himself on his toes and shouted his war-cry ; for well he knew the blast of battle stirred the air. I heard my father's voice as he preached to his congre- gation in the stone church beyond the hill, and then that ragged chicken's whoop come up from the thicket, and there in the corners of the fence the boj'S were watching. The honor of our house was at stake. With desperate hand I seized the Red, and, tucking his head in my bosom, stole past the house and bolted for the thicket. A warning voice seemed to call me back, but I shut my ears and steeled my conscience, and was soon deep in the excitement of the fight. The last notes of the church organ pealed on the air ; the carriages dashed down the lane, bearing the aristocracy of the congregation ; the pedestrians scattered through the FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCnANOK. >27 lleUls; the lin'il- went mil 'I'hr liliic's right wing was bi'oUon ; our (Jiiuini'-bcll jiini;liil IVoiii tht " chucking " the fish about in its bill, with the evident objeet of getting it into a position which would allow of its being swallowed with facility. Before it had completely eflected its purpose it unfortunately discov- ered my presence, and tlew up the stream for a short distance, when it again perched, but in such a position as to render a near approach impossible, and I had to leave it to discuss its finny prey at leisure. Although I was thus not in " at the death," I have no doubt, from what I saw of the bird's movements previously, that the luckless fish was ultimately swallowed without any preliminary butchering. It may not be out of place to mention here that last October a labourer in my employment, whose cottage stands on the bank of the stream alluded to above, brought me a king- fisher which his cat had captured and brought home unin- jured. It seems strange that such a wary bird should have fallen a victim to such an enemy, and tlie ease deserves to be recorded. — W. H., The Cbuiitru. 528 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. i €^ ANCIERS' 1J OURNAL AND flp OULTEVm^XCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pkof. a. N. Eattb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly, at 39 Uortli Ninth Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTA«E FREE. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, by mail, XT. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, addtuto cents per copy for postage. EDITORIA L DEPAR TMENT. OUR EXCHANGE COLUMN. It has been a source of much gratification to us to have been the recipients of so large a number of unsolicited testi- monials manifesting the public appreciation of our exchange column. When we inaugurated this feature we had duly weighed and considered the benefits that could be derived therefrom, and, if we judge from the numerous letters, expressing the satisfaction of the writers with their experi- ence, we may state our predictions have been fully verified. The benefits of the Exchange Column are numerous ; it enables fanciers to quickly dispose of their surplus stock, and in return secure what they are in need of at the present, when if obliged to wait for a sale time would completely interfere with already devised plans. The Exchange system conducted squarely between fanciers, proves without a doubt a mutual benefit. An Exchange Column therefore, in a weekly provides the most expeditious method the fancier can embrace under the circumstances mentioned. "We hope all engaged in exchanging will be conscientious and deal as they wish to be dealt with. Misrepresentations in this case can no more be ignored than any other dishonest transactions of the fancier. We intended the column to aid and encourage the fanciers, and, as previously stated, we are pleased that our desire and endeavors, in this particular, have been appre- ciated ; for the motto of the Fanoier's Journal is, " Not for for itself, but for all." UNFAIR DEALING. Mr. Nelson V. Ketchum seems to have been particu- larly unfortunate in dealing with dishonest fanciers. "We have received several communications from him, requestino- us to publish the parties. As we are very much crowded we are compelled to lay this matter over until next week when we promise to give the matter proper attention. THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEETING IN NEW YORK. It was with regret that we went to press last week with- out a full report of the doings of the above meeting, but for some cause or other, for which the Secretary was not to blame, the report did not reach us. This week we received it as we were making ready for the press, hence it may pos- sibly delay us some hours in mailing the Journal. CONTROVERSIES. "W. E. Tryon, Granville Corners, Mass., writes in the pie, Hans Schneider ' school of writers, and ' Poor Henry' who aspires to be their imitator. It is bad business that ' Henry ' is in. Witness his unprovoked attack on Pea- combed Partridge Cochins, Imperial Egg Pood, and Pekin Ducks. What right has a writer to seek to damage a fair and legitimate business in the ' Egg Pood,' an article prized by impartial men like I. K. Pelch, C. C. Plaisted, and H. T. Sperry ? " I am not interested in ' Egg Pood,' personally, but I am interested in Pekin Ducks, and I know them to be truly worthy of pride, as a magnificent addition to our treasures in the way of water-fowl. Suppose every poultr3'man seeks to attack everything and everybody, indiscriminately ; why, every breed would be attacked, and the ' fraternity ' would be a fraternity with a vengeance. " I hope there will be as little controversy in our ranks, henceforth, as possible. I know nothing whatever of Mr. Edmonds, the cultivator of Pea-combed Partridge Cochins, and have never seen the breed of fowls, excepting that in one instance I had a glimpse of a trio en route. But, if he is an honorable dealer (and I know not whether he is), I look upon all attempts to damage his business, or that of Mr. Palmer, importer of the original Pekin Ducks, as quarrel- some and mischievous, in fact contrary to the Golden Rule." Cor^F^ESpOfJDEfJCE, ■what are they? Friend Wade : I keep Pigeons and Game Bantams. I noticed one day that there was an egg in the nest-pan of a pair of White Fantails, the hen guarding it as usual in such cases. The next day there was another egg. I thought this rather queer, but concluded that the first egg must have been laid the day before I saw it, though I felt sure it had not. The hen Pantail seemed to do all the sitting, which looked queer also, and on the nineteenth daj' of incubation I was somewhat further surprised to find two Game Bantam chicks in the nest, instead of Pantails. The Bantam hen had laid in the nest-pan and the Pantail had set on them long enough to hatch. This is the first " old sitting pigeon " I ever saw. What I want to know is, what to call them? Are they Bantam-Fantails, or Faniail-Bantams ? My wife suggests that we call them Phantom-Bantails. Won't some one help us out ? St. Joseph, Mo., August 13, 1875. LoN. Hakdman. Mr. Jos. M. Wade. Dear Sir : Will you, or some of your many readers, give through the Fanciers' Journal the treatment of chicken cholera? My yards are awfully troubled with it. Tours, etc., Ebuben P. Schlappich. MOHRSVILLE, BeKKS CO., Pa., AugUSt 3, 1875. [We have before us a pamphlet, entitled "The Chicken Cholera Preventive and Exterminator." A treatise giv- ing the cause, symptoms, prevention and extermination of chicken cholera, by A. J. Hill, Burbank, Wayne Co., Ohio. Write to the author and get a copy, it will no doubt give the desired information. — -Ed.] PIGEON RACE. PiQEON-FLYiNG swecpstake from Prankford to Philadel- phia, on August 14th ; distance, seven miles. Twenty-one August Pcmltry World: " Why are poultrymen so quarrel- birds were entered and eighteen flew. The first prize was a some as they appear to be? Now there is the ' Peter Sim- ' handsome gold medal, which was won by Mr. John Parker, P A N 0 1 K l{ S' .1 O U It N A L AND P O U I. T J{ Y K X C H A N G K. 529 of West PhilRtlulphia, with his young Ked Clieekcrod cock, "Gold Dust;" time, 111 minutes. Mr. Joseph Buckley won lh(! scioond pi'ize ; tiino, 1 1 min. 43 sec. The third prize wns won by Mr. S. Southern, who entered one of Mr. Joseph Buckley's birds ; time, 12 min. 32 sec. This mutch was got up by Mr. Joseph Buckley, of No. 2211 Oiillowbill Street. Alti^r the match was over we all met at Mr. Buckley's and had ajolly good time, when Mr. Buckley jjroposed another mut VOU.N'O KOI.K WEARINESS. 0, LITTLK feet; that such long years Must wander on through hopes and fears; Must ache and bleed beneath your load ; 1, nearer to the wayside inn. Where toil shall cease and rest begin. Am weary, thinking of your road. 0, little hands; that weak or strong. Have still to serve or rule so long, Have still .■^o long to give or ask ; 1, who so much with book and pen Have toiled among my fellow-men, Am weary, thinking of your tusk. O, little hearts ; that throb and beat With much impatient, feverish heal, .Such limitless and strong desires ; Mine, that so long has glowed and burned. With passions into ashes turned, Now covers and conceals its fires. O, little souls; as pure and white As crystalline, as rays of light Direct from Heaven, their source divine; Refracted through the mist of years. How red my setting sun appears ; How lurid looks this sun of mine. Hknry W. Lonofei.low. HOW A KENTUCKIAN TOOK THE BEES. Enoch Royalty, of Anderson Co., Ky., discovered a bee tree a few days ago, a large poplar. The bees had found a hollow 107 feet from the root of the tree, which they had taken possession of und filled with honey. Enoch thought it would be a rich prize, so he adopted the following mode of securing It: Commencing near the ground he bored a large auger hole at a height he could reach, in which he put a strong pin, on Ibis he sat and bored another bole at a convenient distance above, in which he drove another pin, and proceeded in this way until he reached the height of 107 feet, where he de- liberately cut ott" the top of the tree. He then possessed himself of the honey, rich in quantity and quality ; secured the bees and descended safely to the ground. He proposes to make another similar and more adventur- ous conquest in a short time. Above Oregon, on the Ken- tucky River, there is a cliff 200 feet high, and at the height of 100 feet there is evidently an immense bee home, where the bees have been at work from a time to which the memory of man runneth not back to the contrary. Enoch says that's his meat, and before the season is over he intends to have it. THE MAN WITH THE COON SKIN. He halted in front of a grocery store, and dr:>wing from under his coat a small parcel tied around with a string, he inquired of the grocer, who sat by the door : " How's trade?" " Pretty fair for hot weather," was the answer. " Are you up to bargains?" continued the stranger, as he untied the parcel and took out a coon skin — a coon skin which seemed to have been kicked about the house ever since the close of the war. " Humph !'' sneered the grocer, as he contemptuously re- •rarded the old skin. 530 FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. " You may 'humph!' and 'humph!' and 'humph!' all you want to !" exclaimed the stranger in a loud voice, " but if you want a coon skin to sell again this is the article !" " I don't think I want to invest." " You don't ? Great heavens I but I took you for a man of talent and enterprise !" "No one ever buys coon skins or furs in the summer," said the grocer. " I know it's a little late in the season, and therefore I'm willing to throw off something. I shouldn't have the face to ask over fifty cents for this 'ere coon skin." " I shouldn't want to pay that price," replied the grocer. " Y'ou wouldn't ? Merciful stars ! But is it possible that you would take bread from the mouths of my starving chil- dren ?" " It isn't a prime skin," said the grocer, as he glanced at the flesh side a second time. " It ain't? Here, mister, shoot me ! Draw your revolver and send a bullet in here, right through my quivering heart." He dropped the coon skin and held his coat and vest open, but as the grocer did not shoot he presently picked up his merchandise and continued in a sad voice : " Will you deliberately and wilfully sit there and see me tie this coon skin up and walk away, when I am offering it to you at one-half its market value?" " You can perhaps sell it elsewhere." " I know I can. I know a dozen men who want it, but they are not men of your reputation. When you hand me fifty cents I know it is the genuine scrip, and I go away satisfied. The others might pass counterfeit money on me, and I might be arrested and jailed, and mj' family be ex- posed to the scorn of this cold world." "I don't want the coon skin," said the grocer, "but if your family are suffering for the want of food, I'll give you fifteen cents for it, and throw it back in the loft." " Pif — fifteen — fifteen cents" exclaimed the stranger, dropping the fur and springing off the step. " Now let the angels look down and weep ! If life has come to this, let me die to once I" The grocer picked up a newspaper, and the stranger waited two or three minutes, sighed heavily, and then handed out the skin, and sadly said : " Take it, and give me the paltry pittance ! I am going home to die in the bosom of my family." The money was handed him, and he passed down the street two blocks, turned to the left, and as he kicked open the blind door of a saloon, he said to the barkeeper : " Juleps for one, and fill the glass chock up " ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE. The following remarkable examples of animal intelligence are sent us, says the Popular Science Monthly, by correspon- dents who vouch for their truth : A. lady living in this city relates that the house occupied by herself and family became so infested with rats that, in the failure of all other means, they were obliged to resort to poison to exterminate them. Phosphorus-paste was used, spread thickly over meat, which was then placed where the rats could readily get at it. Pursuing this plan for a long time they were surprised to find that, while the meat regularly disappeared, the rats re- mained, their numbers apparently increasing instead of di- minishing. One day a man in charge of an adjoining stable asked who was trying to poison rats, and being told, replied. " the rats are too smart for you." He led the lady to the alley alongside the house, where there was a hydrant, the nozzle of which being broken off, left the water constantly running. Under the hydrant they saw several pieces of meat, some partially covered with, and others entirely des- titute of, any traces of the phosphorus-paste. After watch- ing some time, the lady actually saw the rats not only eat the washed meat, but carry the coated pieces carefully in their mouths from her back-door around into the alley, and deposit them under the running stream of the hydrant. Our correspondent says that the rats may not have known the character of the coating on the meat, but that their course argues a knowledge of the properties of water, and a power of adapting means to ends, akin to reason. An esteemed friend writes us of a dog, that had been savagely set upon by a neighbor's dog, rousing up with a growl when the circumstance was spoken of in his presence. This was noticed, and, on repeating the circumstances, when the neighbor's name and that of his dog were mentioned, the growling was repeated. No effort was made to attract the dog's attention, and it was easy to excite the animal at any time by mentioning these names in his hearing. A lady in Troj' has a terrier, whose ability to understand what is said to him seems remarkable. The lady sent him one day to drive some chickens out of the yard, but doing it roughly the ladj^ said, " See, some of the chickens are little, you must be careful not to hurt them." The dog immediately flew at the large ones, but drove the little ones with great care, and always afterward observed the same caution. This terrier attended church regularly with his mistress, but one Sunday another dog attracted his attention in church, and he ran out, afterward returning to the pew. After getting home the lady said, " Whiskey was naughty to-day ; he mustn't go to church any more." The dog hung his head and went to his bed. He made no attempt to go to church that afternoon nor ever again, though ready to go anywhere else. THE GREAT AUK. AN BXTINCT BNQLISH BIRD. The great auk, {Alca impennis) , though possessing in past years a fair right to be included among British birds, has long been extinct in our islands. Its existence elsewhere may even be questioned. If still inhabiting out planet it is rigorously confined to regions high up in the Arctic Circle. There is no certain English specimen of the bird now ex- isting, although some seventy examples of it may be found in English collections, and of two or three of these there is little doubt that they were blown ashore on our coasts. It may be interesting to gather up the most recent notices of this very rare bird in our islands. Probably the last that has been seen in English waters was picked up dead near Lundy Island in 1829. Thompson states that one was ob- tained on the long strand of Castle Preke (in the west of the County of Cork) in February, 1844, having been water- soaked in a storm. It is not stated whether this bird was dead. Again, the same author states he had "little doubt that two great auks were seen in Belfast Bay, on September 23, 1845, by H. Bell, a wild fowl shooter. He saw two large birds the size of the great northern divers, but with much smaller wings. He imagined they might be young birds of that species until he remarked that their heads and bills were ' much more clumsy ' than those of the Colymbus glacialis. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 531 Thoy ko])! almost constantly diving, and went to an extra- ordinary distance each time with groat rapidity." All this exactly answers to what is known of the great auk with its curious rudimentary wings. Probably one of the last eggs taken is in the collection of Canon Tristram. It was found in 1834 at Gicr-fuglcshior, on the south coast of Icf^land. The last notice of it which reached civilization from the arctic regions is that Mr. Hayes was told by the (iovernor of the Danish scttlomont of Godhaven, in Greenland, that "one had recently been seen on one of the Whalo-fish Islands. Two years before one had been actually captured by a native, who being very hungry, and wholly ignorant of the value of the prize ho hud secured, proceeded at once to eat it, much to the disgust of Mr. Ilansoy, (the Governor), who did not learn of it until too late to come to the rescue." This happened in 18G9. The groat auk seems but too surely following the wingless aodo and moa. The type is as un- fitted for the present age as would be the plesiosaurus in the valley of the Thames. — Oirnhill Magazine. THE DOG AND THE JACKDAW. On the morning of tlioday following Christmas, four years ago, the porter of the store of Messrs. Koot, Antliony & Co., No. 02 Liberty Street, on opening the front door found everything in confusion. The floor was littered with tools, oil bottles, steel and iron wedges, and black muslin by the piece. Further examination justified the first suspicion — that burglars had been at work. Keys had been fitted to the outside locks on the eve of a holiday, so that the robbers had an entire day, Sunday, and two nights in which to work. Once inside the building they were met with the unexpected difliculty of deciding which of the five safes before them contained the prize. Fortunately, the burglars began oper- ations on a safe which probably never contained a cent of money, being evidently attracted by its grim appearance and the fact that it was hidden away in a dark corner of the store. A vast amount of labor was wasted upon this old safe, and the rage and disappointment of the robbers when thoy found out their mistake was vented upon the harmless books and papers which it contained. Tliey then began work on another safe, which contained in those times of revenue stamps what was equivalent to seventeen thousand dollars in greenbacks. Adjoining the store of Messrs. Root, Anthony & Co. lives, in his bachelor rooms, the well-known restaurant keeper, Mr. Sutherland, who, at the time, had a pet jackdaw that was more than usually amusing by his antics. Ho was ever ready to catch pennies, pick up brilliant trifles, or indulge in mischief of any kind. From some cause, either a sudden gleam of intelligence or his chronic desire to meddle in every one's business, early in the morning the jackdaw, with loud cries and screams, darted out the window into the back yard of Root, Anthony & Co. The easiest way for Mr. Sutherland to obtain his pet was through the store in which the burglars were still at work ; and, as ho thought he had heard noises on the premises, which ho presumed were made by the porter, he stepped into the street and tried the store door. At the same time he saw a man a fow yards , oft" move uneasily away. After vigorously shaking the door i and hearing no response he returned to his own premises i and sent a man to climb over the wall into the rear of the i adjoining premises and capture the jackdaw that so provok- ingly kept beyond reach. The burglars, m)W satisfied that ' thoy wore discovered, precipitately fled, locking the door after them ; and thus the $17,(J00 of revenue stjimps were saved to their owners. On last Christmas morning Mr. .Sutherland was disturbed in his sleep by the most extraordinary conduct of his pet dcig, Ijrownie, a litlle Scotch terrier, a great favorite, and unusually intelligent. This little creature, after business hours, has the run of the entire interior of the building. On the morning alluded to, Mr. Sutherland was awakened by Brownie, who officiously poked his cold nose into h'n master's face, for which presumed irapertincnee ho wag rudely brushed on the floor. The dog, however, instantly riiturned to the charge and very earnestly began opening his master's eyes with his toe nails. This brought Mr. Sutherland to his feet and senses, and also to the conscious- ness that he was partly suffocated by a hot smoke that filled the room. Instantly comprehending his danger l\e gave tho alarm, when examination showed that the fire was under the floor of tlie printing office of the adjoining build- ing, occupied by Messrs. Root, Anthony & Co., which fire was soon extinguished by the local patrol, and with, com- paratively speaking, a nominal loss. The first .time the premises were protected from a largo robbery by the unaccountable conduct of a jackdaw ; the sec- ond time from destructive fire by the intelligence of the little pet. Brownie. The poor bird has gone to the hapi)y hunting grounds, but Brownie lives, as active, mischievous, useful, and comically handsome as ever, waiting for a gold medal from the humane Society. — N. F. Post. JEfflS, J8@=- A striking illustration of a cat's intelligence came under our notice a few days ago. A kitten was taken sick, and while in this condition was visited by a neighbor's cat, which went out and soon returned with a sprig of catnip, which she tried to persuade the other cat to eat. Kitty did not eat it, and now she has gone to the happy hunting- grounds. — I^Wioic/i {Conn.) Bulletin. 8^""Whak's de Use." — He was as black a negro as ever was painted by a proficient artist in lampblack, and was terribly indigmint because some other darkies had invi- ted him to join a benevolent societj-. " Whar's de use?" he said ; " one o' you flddlostring nig- gers tell me dat I A nigger can't do dem tings like a white man. You all jine a manevolcnco s'ciety and do ablebodied niggers in de crowd has to ]mj- to s'port de one who c.in't and won't work. Dat's no niancvolence ! De best nianevo- jcnce is to help yoursel' ; dat's me, Pete. Yer heerd me!" And he tramped on about his business, jingling his nickels in his pocket. — Atlanta, Gn., Constitution. 8®* Discovery ok Another Grove of Great Trees IN California. — This grove is situated in a basin at the head waters of the San Lorenzo and Boulder creeks. One of the trees eclipses all that have been discovered on the Pacific C0!»st. Its circumference, as high as a man can reach, standing and passing a tape lino around, is a few inches loss than 150 feet. This is beyond the measurement of any tree in the Calaveras Grove. The height is estimated at ItiO fe«t and ft part of the top lying on the ground is over 100 feet in length. The other trees in tho vicinity are not as large, but all are of immense girth. 532 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. J^° There is said to be excellent fishing in the Ouachita River, Arkansas, of which the visitors at Hot Springs take advantage. Stories reach us from that region of trout weighing seven pounds each. But sportsmen will be dis- gusted to learn, in the words of a western correspondent, that " the water is so clear that it is useless to fish with a hook except when the stream has been ' riled ' by a shower." g^"A COLPORTEUR Opened the door of an Irishman's shanty in New Orleans, and, putting in his head, in a very pious tone asked the owner of the domicile, who happened to be in at the time, " if he would accept of a tract of the Holy Land" — meaning, of course, an essay on that interesting portion of the world. " Yis, be jabei-s! " was the reply of the Hibernian. " A whole section, if yes give a good title-deed ; but I should like to know if there is much of it prairie, or if new settlers are subject to the agur there ? " g®» What Cats are Worth. — It is supposed that hitherto the culinary value of cats has been confined to China and Japan. Our Eastern friends may have long held the monopoly, but the Parisians now follow suit. According to Galignani, there are a few cat-butchers in that city of gourmands, who will give a good price to the rag-pickers for a puss dead or alive, provided it be fresh and fat ; their skins are sold to the furriers, their fat to the frying shops, and their flesh to the low eating-houses. A certain amiable naturalist who has tasted almost everything under the sun, says that a well fed cat is superior to an Ostende rabbit. Prodigal as we are of cat life, kittens were recently quoted in the New Zealand price lists at from £1 to £3 each, and a grown cat from £4 to £7. A tortoise-shell Tom exhibi- ted in Piccadily a few years ago was valued at a hundred guineas ; and Rev. A. W. advertises one for sale, in the Animal World ol Fehruary, \87 5. " A eat, perfectly black, nine months old," is likewise olFered for sale on April 1st in the same journal. As long ago as the daj-s of "Howell the Good," in the year 948, that Welsh King enacted that the price of a kitling before it could see was to be a penny ; till it caught a mouse, twopence ; and when a skilful mouser, fourpence. Those who stole or killed a cat that guarded the royal granaries were to forfeit a milch ewe, its fleece and lamb, or as much wheat as when poured on the cat, suspended by its tail (the head touching the floor), would form a heap high enough to cover the tip of the tail. A short time since " the rage set in so strong in Brussels for Angora cats that fabulous prices were asked, and dealers stole the cats that were bought from them one day, and sold them again the next, to satisfy the demand." — Chambers's Journal. ADTERTIiSEMEirTS From reliable parties, on any subject Interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per Hue of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months 123^^ percent, discount. " six months, 25 *' " " nine months, 37^ " " " twelve months, 50 CHANOED AS OFTEN AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve mon ths, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchangees and Wants, limited to 48 words,must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and evjry insertion. ■fl®* Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to he left over. Nonpareil Measurement. CoU7lt your lines by this rulG^jrom line to line. Exc^^\^JqES. 4®" Advertisements in this Coluitn, of Five Lines, or Forty Eight Words, describing and offering for excbang'e only, WILI. BE ALLOWED AT 25 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. 1.ESTER G. BIRDSEY, Merideu, Conn., will exchange one very- fine trio of B. B. R. Game Bantams, for one pair of either, Black Fantails or Black-tailed Turbits. ROBERT M. SEDGRICn, North Adams, Mass., will exchange a tamed Cat Owl and cage, for two pair Partridge Cochins, April or May pullets. I will trade a pure "White Leghorn cock and hen, for two pure White Cochin pullets. Speak quick! EUGENE XnOMAS, Box 1431 Williamsport, Pa., will exchange a Bay Mare, can trot a mile in 2.42, worth S800, and a new Top Buggy, worth S200, and a set of Buggy Harness, worth ^0, and a Trotting Sulky, worth SlOO, and a set of Light Trotting Harness, worth S75 — for Pigeons, Canary Birds, Parrots, Mocking-Birds, Ferrets, Guinea Pigs, Poultry, and Bird Cages. Want to go in the poultry business in the spring. FRED. JH, ANTJHONT, Hornellsville. Steuben Co., N. Y., has to exchange one pair of B. B. Eed Games, first-class, one single cock, one Red Pyle Stag, March bird, one B. B. Eed Game Stag— for Partridge Cochin pullets, or White-crested White Polish chicks. A. C. VAN BOREN, Washington, N. Jersey, will exchange three pairs Black (crested) Fantails, for one pair Yellow Fantails, first-class birds. Who speaks first? Prefers a pair, one crested, the other plain. W. ATEEE BURPEE will exchange a few grand birds of his unsurprssed Brown Leghorns, fancy pigeons, in variety. White Leghorn cockerels, (out of "190," etc.,) Dark Brahma and Plymouth Rock cockerels — for Buff Cochins, Houdans, Hamburgs, Polish, B. B. R. Games, Bantauas, Ducks, large Bronze turkeys, or extra fine Berkshire or Chester White pigs. My stock is very superior ; the same expected. Address 1332 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Fa. OI^IVER B. SCHOCK, Hamburg, Berks Co., Pa., want^ to ex- change White Aylesbury ducks, one pair Partridge Cochin fowls, Dark Brahma cockerels, Plymouth Rock cockerels, two Houdan Hens, two White Leghorn Hens, solid Black and Rea Tumblers— for Black, Blue, or White Jacobins, White Trumpeter hen. Yellow, and Black Rea Pouters. B. A. WHITNET, Meadville, Pa., will exchange a pair of first- class Jacobins — red, yellow, or black, for a first-class Archangel cock, or for a pair of good Magpies. WIBAIER & CO., 72 Adams Street, Rochester, N. Y., will exchange B. Red, and Ginger-Red Bantams, Black Hamburgs, Bolton Greys, Ring- Neck Doves, Antwerps, Sebright hen, and Spitzer pups — for lop-eared rabbits, Guinea pigs, Carriers, and a hybrid Canary. P. O. cards, not dis- carded. T. B, ABAMS, Franklin, Pa., will exchange his stock of poultry — six Dark, and three Light Brahmas, four Brown Leghorns, seven Buff Cochins, and one pair Houdans— for one Fox Terrier slut, one pair Car- rier pigeons, etc. What other offers? JAS. H. GOBBARB, Newport, R. I., will give one pair each of Duckwing and Black-Red Game Bantam fowls, for a Black and Tan, or Scotch Terrier dog pup. B. F. WHITE, Ashley Falls, Mass., has to exchange, two Brown Leghorn hens, l.i months old, for two Brown Leghorn cockerels, March or April hatch. Must be fine birds, as the hens are. C. B. Er.B£N, Pittsburgh, Fa., has one pair of good, well-marked Silver Sebright Bantams to exchange for one extra good Ijight Brahma hen, 18 months old, or pair of Black African Bantam hens. PETER EEPP, East o^g.^^,,, ..x...^., eons for good Setter pups. Must be first-class. ■, Mich., will exchange fancy pig- "WII^IilAM EI.I.IS, Williamsport, Pa., will exchange one Pointer slut, one and a half years old, for a double-barreled shot-gun. OlilVER HATCJBI, Chenango Bridge, Broome Co., N. Y., has com- mon pigeons to exchange for fancy rabbits, revolver, male Mocking- bird, male Canary, lawn mower, Plymouth Rocks, or Newfoundland dog pup. Make me an offer of something. R. liEATER, Trenton Woolen Company, Trenion, N. J., wishes to exchange a Dark Brahma cockerel of good strain, for one of Sharpless' or other noted strain. Also, a trio of Golden Spangled Hamburgs for a trio of B. B. R. Game Bantams, good stock. JAMES BESriSON, Findley. Ohio, will exchange a pair or trio of Liglit Brahmas, cock from C. C. Plaisted, hen from P. Williams' stock, age. 18 months— for lop-eared rabbits, or P. Cochins. Talk fast and sensible. CHAREES E. I^ONG, Lancaster, Pa., will exchange some fine B. B. R. Game Bantam pullets (E. R. Spaulding's Stock), for a pair of Red Pyle Bantam chicks. White Owl, or Red-capped Magpie pigeons. Muse be good birds. FANCIKRS' JOURNAL ANU POULTRY EXCHANGE. "ITOT IF" ODE?, ITSEXjIF — B TJ T IF" O It ^ L L." Vol. II. PHILADELrHIA, SEPTEMBER 2, 1875. No. 35. THE OLD GRAY HORSE. Do you remember, dearest Nell, Far bnoU in eliildliood's day. The (lid gray horse you rode so well, When we were making hay? Ah, when you left the dear old fiinii Y(Hi left the old horse there. Though well we knew impending harm Was lurking in the air. Do you remember how we rode Down to the crystal spring, And what a charming episode That ride to us did' bring? Ah, how the old gray horse that day Did show his gen'rous blood, In the long race he led away And splashed us o'er with mud. lie cleared the gate with graceful ease You stopped not to unlock. Nor from his gallop did he cease Till at the horseman's block. Wo did not think such happy hours Would end in deepc^st gloom. Yet by the hand of unknown powers Whs shaped our fearful doom. For soon our peaceful verdant haunts Were tilled with men at arms. And all our youthful jovial jaunts Were checked by war's alarms. Away into the foreign lands, My darling, you were sent. And to the field with soldier bands I took the gray and went. The war was raged with cruel spite. And many lives it cost, Until the day of Richmond fight When all our hopes were tost. And there, within the sight of home. We made our final charge, Thi'ough shot and shell to "the old home To find our last discharge. A thousand fell, but few were left, And 1 was of the few. Though from my legs my feet were cleft. When fate my charger slew. He staggered to the horseman's block. And there the old gray died. While I recovered from the shock. But never more shall ride. Ca.mp Stool. fl^" " The bells are ringing for tire," said papa carelessly. " No, papa, they's ringing for water, " said Johnny, without looking up from his primer. FLOWERS IN LONDON. Persons who do not know Lumlcn by heart are apt to imagine that the central avenue of the Temple of Flora, generally known as Oovcnt Garden Market, is pre-eminently the great expression of the metropolitan and national love of flowers. There the arum shoots up it.s great snowcups, there half an acre of axaleas glow in every shade of crimson, there the roses diffuse their sweetness as you linger to pur- chase the teeming fruits of summer, and there the smart, pert-looking footmen that condescend to wait upon Bel- gravia form quite a floral procession as they hurry out to the carriages of "their people," laden with tropical flowers whose rich scent is wafted back to you as they pass. But this idea arises from insufficient knowledge. London's love of flowers is shown in a far fuller and more indisputable way than that. It would take a year's tour to obtain a full knowledge of the extent and variety of London gardens, especially in the suburbs. Klowors, like a primeval race struggling for existence, linger in many a nook even of the city which is slowly entombing them. In back gardens of Fleet street, once noblemen's and bishops' gardens, old fig trees and ragged vines still fight for their life, cheered now and then, when there is an improvement in the neighborhood, by glimpses of old plane trees or long-imprisoned elms, show- ing through openings of shattered waUs. Hundreds of these captives still exist in city back courts and spots of retired ground, especially in the old city burial grounds, where, amid the thick grass, moulder the tomhs of old aldermen and members of city companies — honest men who lived in days when London, on merry May-days, could adorn herself with flowers from her own gardens, and when monasteries had their huge inclosed gardens, and fruit ripened in the uncor- rupted and untainted air. Leigh Hunt remarks in one of his essays that there are few spot* in London where one cannot see a tree, and this as.sertion still holds good. It is astonishing how often in the old city lanes a glimpse of green leaves freshens the sense and carries one's thoughts away to the country. The air cannot be so bad when these old res- idents still breathe and flourish, and it will be a long time before time weeds out such old inhabitants. In these old spots, old flowers, too, still often flourish ; flowers whose ancestors were tended by men and women long dead, when wealth and splendor had their sway where trade now bristles, or where poverty cowers or vice lurks. The searcher for London flowers must not, however, con- tent himself with the slocks and mignonette in the windows of Belgravia or the ball-room bouquets of Covent Garden. Let him go any afternoon through Camden-town and see the long rows of stalls, at which the rough flower sellers stand with their little penny bunches of rich orange nastur- tions, their neat little clusters of lobeliits, their creeping 534 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. jennies, or their cheap lots of yellow flowered musk. It is not rich people who send for these plants. Laboring men on their way home, their baskets on their backs, stop and take some dainty plant for the " missus " or " the children." A few pence out of the hard-earned wages have to go for the young geranium, the compact little fuchsia, or the cluster of antherinums. The bargaining about flowers, if any, is always quiet and pleasant, and the purchaser trudges home with his purchase, tucked with a loving care between the breast-folds of his coat or hidden away with special care in a corner of his basket. That plant will have as much care taken of it as if it was the first of the kind known in Eu- rope. The earliest bulletin of its progress will be taken by the " mother" every morning by express messenger. The ■best jug will carry its daily allotment of water. The chil- dren will drag every visitor to show them its last new blossom. It will furnish talk at tea and breakfast. It will go on astonishing the young ones as it grows and grows, and its yellow flowers spread half over the back-yard. Such flowers are indeed a good penny-worth to the poor. They increase the number of their small and harmless domestic pleasures ; they strengthen the love of home, they refine, they lead to an enjoyment in simple, natural objects ; thoy help to wean poor men from coarser pleasures. The garden may be very small — a mere foot or two of land among debris of buildings, or at the end of a tan-yard, or one side of a brick-field. Still those few green leaves and living and improving things do a rough man's heart good, and are pleasant to watch till they blossom in beauty and are picked for the chimney-piece, or for a breast-knot for " missus " on market day. The innocent pleasures of a poor laboring man in London are few indeed, and of those that of a garden is too often denied. As houses grow thicker and smoke denser, flowers will not grow where once they did. Shut out from the sun, scorched by the glare from the walls, flowers desert certain places at last, as the fairies left the woods when man began to intrude. The poor in the suburbs can often, however, cultivate their love of flowers, and long may it be before that cultivation becomes impossible. There are hardy plants, like the Virginian creeper, that will grow in a pot almost anywhere, and from that pot send forth such a green world of climbing tendrils as to transform the dingiest wall, and to turn to beauty the lowliest roof. Many of our hardier flowers, though they cannot always be grown in shady or smoky places, such as London back-yards, and the back bed- room windows in alleys, can be purchased for a few pence and placed there to blossom. The roughest man has heart enough, even if he care not for such trifles, to see what re- curring pleasure a flower or growing plant is to an old or sick person, and a love for flowers refines or softens the most brutal. It is a first step upward in civilization, a flrst yearning for the purer and more beautiful, for there is a tinge of youth and hope and Heaven in flowers, and no one can even stop and look at them without in some degree feel- ing their mystery, their poetry, and their beauty. John Bull, in his rougher forms, is capable of refinement, and the more a poor man gardens, as long as he does not steal the seeds, the best for himself and the worse for the public house. There are few spots in the suburbs where a poor man may not, with care and intelligence, gi-ow something pretty to look on, pleasant to watch over. — London Globe. Subscribe for the Fanciers' Journal, the best weekly poultry and small pet paper published. PoJltf^y D^^^f\T^'^NT■ (For Fanciers* Journal.) AMONG THE FANCIERS. Editor Fanciers' Journai. : For a long time we have been desirous of taking a trip among the diflFerent breeders of our State, but we could not make it suit to be away from home for any length of time. Now things have somewhat changed, and we trust to be able to look around a good deal during the coming year, and we will always try to give an impartial report of our observations throughout the journey. On the 6th of July we left home and pets for the purpose of visiting some of the different breeders. First, we went to Womelsdorf to take the train, and on getting there found we had some two hours to wait. We dislike sitting still when out, so we concluded to visit Mr. Gab. Filbert, to whom we sold Buff Cochin eggs years ago. Mr. Filbert is quite an old man, though in spirit he is one of twenty-five. Poultry and bees are his favorites, and it is hard to tell which is the most busy, Mr. F. or his bees. He still breeds the Buff Cochins of which we sold him the eggs, and some fine birds can be seen in his yards. Time passes, and we must hurry to the depot to make the eleven o'clock train for Easton, Pa., which place we reached in good time and safety. Here we found our much-esteemed friend, Mr. D. E. Richards, of Glandon, to whom we pro- posed a trip to the Chestnut Grove Stock Farm, of which Mr. Thomas L. McKeen is the proprietor. Mr. McKeen is a true fancier, has things well arranged, and keeps every- thing clean and tidy. Here we found some of the finest horse flesh in the country, and his poultry and pigeons are the best that money can procure. Mr. McKeen is one of those men who keep nothing but the best, regardless of cost, and is not ashamed to show it to strangers and at exhibitions. He kindly showed us his blooded horses. First and pre-eminent stands his " High- land Gold Bust." As a trotter and family horse he cannot be excelled. Then he has a two-year old stallion we believe of the same blood as the former. He has also two draught stallions, one two and the other three years old. They are the strongest built horses for their age we ever saw. Then followed his fine-bred colts. Their respective ages are from three weeks to two years old, finer steppers we never saw, and they will surely be heard from as fast stock in the course of a few years. His fine herd of short-horns were recently moved from Chestnut Grove to another farm in the vicinity of Quakertown and consequently we did not see them. "We next paid our respects to his poultry, where we found good stock and everything in perfect order ; and last, though not . least, we had to look at his pigeons. He breeds the Antwerp Carrier, Owl, Magpie, and Almond Tumblers. We are no FANCTRRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCHANGE. 535 breeder of either oC Ihcse viirielics, consequently we are ii poor judge; but wo would suppose from bis other stock tliut they wore llrst-cbisa. July 7tli.— This morning wo roturnod to Rethleheni to take the tniin for the Soutbeust. Wo left Bethlcliem ut 12.25 P.M., for Doylestown. Here wo found Mr. William T. Ro- gers, the noted Hamburg breeder, wlio invited us to take a bachelor supper with him, and would not take no for an an- swer. If every bachelor is surrounded with such taste and comfort as Mr. R. is, it is a great wonder to mo why we do not tind more to follow his example. While supper was in preparation we paid a visit to his poultry house and pigeon loft. His stock of fowls and pigeons are perfect beauties. After a good deal of talk at his so-called bachelor's sup|)er, a ride to Dr. Dickie's was proposed and gratefully accepted. Wo found the Doctor just where every true fancier will keep himself— among his jiets. The Doctor has the finest place for poultry we ever saw. His yards are largo, convenient, covered with grass, and have a running stream of fresh water through them. The looks of his fowls show the care that is bestowed on them. July 8th. — We left Doylestown at 7 A.M. for Gwynedd, to see Mr. B. F. Lewis. We found him in the act of feeding his stock, of which he has quite a variety, such as turkeys, geese, ducks, chickens, guinea-fowls, pigeons, dogs, pigs, rabbits, squirrels, and guinea-pigs, among which is some good stock. He has the largest Bronze Turkey gobbler we ever saw. After spending a few hours with Mr. Lewis, we took the train for Philadelphia. Here our first care was to see bow Mr. Joseph M. Wade, the worthy editor of our Fanciers' Journal, was getting along. We found him busily engaged as usual, and he reports progress. While there in the office the thought struck us whether the fanciers would ever think how Mr. Wade is working for their benefit and improvement. Here we also found Mr. Henry Erdmann, the competent artist, busily engaged in engraving a Houdan fowl. Mr. E. is a man, we should judge, of about twenty- five years of age, in his conduct he is unassuming and quiet, and a glorious future is before him. We also had the pleasure of making the acquaintance of Mr. Jesse N. Rooke, the noted Pheasant breeder. Mr. R., we learn, has for a number of years been persevering to breed these beautiful birds, but without success until the present season, when he tried some imported eggs, and is to-day tho proud possessor of some eight or nine healthy young birds. He had the kindness to lake us to his bouse to see his beautiful pots, and a more pleasing sight we never saw. Mr. R. deserves great credit for his perseverance. Last, but not least, wo went to see Mr. John Yewdall, the noted Pouter and Carrier breeder. Here we found, as ever, about the best collection of birds in this country. Sometimes he sells a pair of his birds for very high prices, and, strange to say, most every breeder of pigeons is trying to imitate him in prices, but not in birds. Now tho time is at hand to di'part, and we must go bonii CHICKS IN THE GARDEN. We love to see them there, or about the lawn, or around tho door ; ever busy, ranging hither and thither, dotting tho greensward with their bright-colored, .soft-feathered round bodies; seizing the grasshoppers, chasing the winged molhn and butterflies, swallowing tho currant worms, bunting tho beetle-bugs, and doing no harm during the first two or three months of their existence, to anything useful or ornamental in vegetation. We find the following in an exchange on this subject. " The advisability of keeifing fowls to run in a garden is a question that has puzzled mo much and is still undecided in a ' ruralist's ' household. A dozen limes has the domestic council decided that every 'fowl's' head should come off and as many times has the decree been revoked, and as I write this a brave old Brahma struts past tho door crowing defiance in my oars. " During the winter wo think fresh eggs and an occasional chicken fricassee are not to bo despised, and broilers in July and August are always acceptable ; but when wo see the seeds of our vegetables being scratched up or the small fruits dis- appearing and the ripening tomatoes backed into by the voracious feathered bipeds, there comes a temporary change in our ideas of their usefulness. At such times one has need of a largo amount of 'natural philosophy,' else desperate measures might be resorted to in saving one good thing by destroying another. " At this moment two broods of young chickens, accom- panied by their maternal parents, are running about the lawn and garden, every hour or two coming up to the kitchen door for a few crumbs in the way of relish with the many insects they have been devouring. It is these frequent visits and the confidence with which they ask for what is wanted, as well as their beauty and cunning ways, that blasts all of our resolves to have no more fowls on the place. There is something about a chicken for the Erst month or two of its life which is peculiarly attractive, and the pleasure derived from seeing them running about repays for all the damage they may do afterwards. " I am always ready to dispose of the hens until the spring broods of chickens begin to appear; then my heart fails me, and I begin to count how much good they may do in killing noxious insects, and I oven keep an eye on their movements as they scratch off the heads of tho young asparagus in spring while looking for tho asparagus beetle, or tear up a hill of melons or cucumbers in searching for cutworms. There are no currant worms on my plantation, although these insects are abundant in my neighbors' gardens and have been for several vears; in fact, I have a bountiful supply of all the various fruits and vegetables thriving in this climate, al- though two or three dozen fowls roam at large and eat what they please in my garden. There go those little round balls of the softest down as fast as their little legs can carry them for a few more crumbs, and I'll wager something that they will not be disappointed. Well, chick- again, which wo reached in safety with our health somewhat I ens are chickens every time, no matter whether Brhamas or improved. Here we found tilings in order, and our pets i Bantams ; besides this, wo have 'chicken-hearted' people glad to SCO us again. In conclusion, allow us to make a fow comments. In our week's travels wo met a numbir of breeders and amateurs, and are proud to report that wo found them all at home at work, not one having to bo f'etohed from the tavern or card table. All wore hospitable, and invited us to either dinner or supper, as the case might have been, but none to take a drink. " F. H. Schwartz. who like to have such pots about, oven if the profiti cannot always be found in dollars and oonis." GALT, TAUNTON. AND SHOEMAKERTOWN. Ok Monday, July •JiUh, after a tedious ride of about three hours from Suspensiv>n Bridge, I found myself in Gait, Ont., and received a cordial welcome from Mr. D. Allen, who was 536 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. waiting at the station. When Mr. Allen had finished his business we proceeded on our tour of inspection. Pirst, he drove to the "Eureka Poultry Yards" of Mr. Eichard Mc- Millan. We found Mr. McMillan at home, engaged attend- ing to his poultry ; he has some very fine Golden and Silver Penciled and Black Hamburgs, Black Spanish, Partridge Cochins, and Game Bantams. After talking awhile, we drove around to Mr. Allen's numerous yards. Pirst in order came his Bantams, perfect little gems ; his Black-breasted Beds are from first prize Crystal Palace birds, and are the finest I have ever seen at any yard. He has full grown hens weighing from ten to twelve ounces. His Bed Pyles, Duck- wings, and Black Africans are magnificent, and will figure high up in the nineties (points), as their records at Buffalo and elsewhere will show. We next looked at the Dark Brahmas, of which he has a flock of very fine fowls and chicks, including the sister of the first premium pullet at Bufl'alo, 1875. Next the Buft' Cochins, which are finely formed, well feathered birds, of a good sound color through- out. Then comes his Aylesbury and Bouen Ducks, for which he is so justly celebrated. His Game fowls are very fine. The Black-Ked cock is, I believe, a Crystal Palace cup winner, and will figure about ninetj'-seven points ; his mate good judges, both in this country and England, con- sid-er one of the best hens ever shown. He has a pair of English bred Henny Games, a variety, he informed me, that is bred almost entirely for the pit, and is considered there as the best for that purpose. He has also a number of Golden Polish, including Buff"alo prize winners. Mr. Allen has his fowls scattered around, and gives them good large runs, and is very successful with his chicks, although, like most breed- ers, he had poor success with early set eggs this year. Gait is about one hundred miles from Buffalo, and it will repay any fancier who may happen in that direction to visit his yards. On looking out, and seeing the drizzling rain that fell in Boston on August 3d, I thought I would not have an oppor- tunity to see many Brahmas to-day, but I did not intend to go past Taunton without stopping to see Mr. Williams, who I found at his store busily engaged attending to customers and clerks. After talking awhile he concluded to drive home, thinking the pigeons would show better than Brahmas in the rain. I had heard much of and seen some birds from his lofts, but what I saw here surpassed all expectation. His pigeons consist chiefiy of Yellow Fans, of which" he had about twenty-five, old and young; he has paid much atten- tion to this vai'iety, and has now good, solid-colored birds, having graceful carriage and large tails ; the tails of his best birds having from twenty-four to thirty-six feathers, the latter number being possessed by a cock of his own breeding ; in the same loft is a hen that has thi)rty-two feathers. He has a pair of Black Pans as good as the best Whites to be found ; also a pair of Mottled Trumpeters, which he received from England not long since, the finest specimens of this variety I ever saw ; and last, but not least, a pair of mag- nificent Red Turbits. The rain having almost stopped, wo next visited what few fowls he has at home, most of his best birds being on neigh- boring farms. He has here some very fine Black and Partridge Cochins, a few Light and Dark Brahmas, and Black-red Game Bantams; also some Golden Sebrights; the latter variety he has been breeding for some time, and has now got them up to a high standard, and will make other breeders look out for their laurels when lie commences to show them. After dinner he drove me out to some of his breeding-yards, where he has also his young stock. Pirst, to where there was a dozen very fine Partridge Cochin fowls, and a lot of chicks; also about twenty-five Light Brahma chicks, sired by the cockerel " Atlas," first at Buffalo, 187.5. At the next place was Atlas and mates, and a fine looking lot they are too, although not looking their best on account of the rain. Driving on we came to some of his best Dark Brahmas, old and young. They are fine, large-bodied birds of that beauti- ful clear steel-gray color so much admired. The young are very promising, and are growing well. At the next and last place visited (as it was getting late) were more Dark Brahmas, and a finer lot I have not .seen to- gether for a long time. Especially worthy of note is " Lady Milton," one of the finest hens I ever saw ; very large, well built frame, heavily feathered, and clear, distinct penciling up to the throat ; a splendid specimen of this unexcelled variety. At this yard the celebrated Black Prince was bred and raised. At his house Mr. Williams drew my attention to a fine oil painting of Light and Dark Brahmas, by George P. Burnham, which was awarded to him for the best trip of Light Brahmas at the Boston Exhibition in 1875. After a day very pleasantly, and I think profitably, spent, I left Taunton for New York. While in New York I dropped into the new oflice of the Poultry Bulletin, and found Mr. W. H. Kirby, the business manager, in charge. It seems to have been a good move, as the office was better adapted for the purpose than was the old one in Murray Street. I also called in at Messrs. Kirby & Burlingame, No. 12 Cortlandt Street, N. Y. , and J. C. Long, Jr. , No. 39 N. Ninth Street, Philadelphia, and can assure those who are in need of anything in their line of prompt, careful attention to their orders from either of these parties. In company with that courteous gentleman and fancier, Mr. W. E. Plower, I had the pleasure of visiting the far- famed Sharpless yards near Philadelphia, where so many good Dark Brahmas have been bred by Mr. James Brennan, better known as "Jimmy," but which were chiefly credited to the late D. W. Herstine and W. H. Churchman. Not having much time to spare, I had to hurry through the yards faster than I should have done. Among so many good birds it is hard to pick out the best, but Jimmy points out with most pride a hen which he considers too good to show, and which, consequentlj', has never been at an exhibition. I think she is much superior to the best at Bufl'alo the last ex- hibition there. I noticed also the late arrivals from Boyle (which were described in the Joti?'nal when they arrived). Much attention has been paid to rid the yards of birds showing white shaft in the plumage, and it is expected that the chicks will be freer of it than thej' have been lately. It will well repay anyone to take time to visit these yards and see for themselves what my pen is not able to do justice to in describing. I hope that no one will take these notes to be advertising puffs, as neither of the gentlemen visited know of my writing in regard to their yards until they see this in the Journal. E. P. Shannon. (For Fanciers' Journal.) ROOSTS. As poultry spend considerable of their allotted time upon the roost, the question of a necessity for providing suitable accommodation is of sufficient moment to be the subject of a few remarks. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POUI^TKY EXCHANGE. W7 It being generally considered that the care of live-stock is equivalent to half the keep, suitable accommodations may be understood to be sucli as will be conducive to pro- ductiveness and the care which is included in a properly constructed roost must not be considered of minor import- ance, as it has, though perhaps, in an indirect manner, its bearing upon the net proceeds. Those owners of poultry who, for the lack of many attentions, do not realize their expectations, are persons that have a poor idea of what con- stitutes a roost; hence, consider anything that will serve to maintain an elevated position (irrespective of locality), all that is necessary. In consequence of such a want of pro- vision, fowls are left to determine for themselves where they will HANU OUT, some taking to fences, while others select trees, farming \itensils, or over cattle or gears that receive unsparingly the refuse of their daily consumption. Such a state of affairs to the successful poulterer is simply disgusting, is the forci- ble evidence of neglect and thriftlessne.ss, affording a strong comparison to his vastly different ideas of the fitne.ss of things, and presenting a wide distinction between that which will serve as, and that which is purposely designed for an especial purpose. Going to roost means going to rest, going to become renewed for the duties of the succeeding day. This rest, this renewal, is in proportion to the means put forth to secure it, only reaching that degree of perfection when the desired object is fully accomplished and the intended benefit actually derived. In constructing that which instinct leads fowls to consider and be satisfied with, as a nocturnal abode, the following are some of the points close attention would suggest : Great height should be avoided as no particular benefit is there secured, while on the contrary, injury often results from an unintentional or too rapid descent on the part of the fowl — four to six feet is sufficiently high. The stays should be on an angle of 45°, so that when the ascent is made the distance from perch to perch will be more on a level, and, consequently reached with less effort and greater certainty. The horizontal pieces should be far enough apart to prevent the occupants of the upper perch from interfering with others below them. The failure to prevent this is a very common error, and instead of being studiously avoided, is too generally disregarded. The perch, when complete, should afford comfort, security, and lack nothing that will bo conducive to health, the great- est of all desiderata. One of the secrets attending the successful numagement of live-stock is this: that the treai- moit that affords most comfort to (he animal yields tiwst profit to the owner. A comfortable roost, therefore, is doubly desir- able and may be defined as one in such a position as to give its occupants protection from exposure to inclement seasons, again, one easy of access and that can fully accommodate the fiock, one of which the horizontal pieces will have suffi- cient surface to be stood upon with ease. Security is rather protection from light-fingered dispositions implying a suita- bly enclosed dormitory ; but, when considering sanitary matter, may also very properly include ventilation and deanliness, very important cousiderations indispensably necessary in securing a state of healthfulness. The practice of furnishing sharp-edged, narrow and irregular roosts is a cruelly, the prolific source of crooked breast bones and other deformities unsightly or injurious. Some provide wide and well-planed jierches but are thus over-doing the thing, in time such become Blippcry, fowls do nut get a Brni foothold, their balance once lost is seldom regained, and they must suffer the consequence of a fall. The ideal roost is the improvement of the natural, the approval of the rustic, the material being of yellow pine of such a size as to afford a con vexed surface of eight inches, the bark not being removed but allowed to remain to permit a chance for fowls to successfully use their nails in attaining and retaining their station. The rotund nature of the sur- face will keep the feet in an ea.sy, comfortable position. The smell that will emanate from the pine wood will be beneficial in driving away parasites which too frequently inhabit poultry sleeping apartments. In connection with every roost there should be a contrivance to facilitate the removal of droppings, the accumulation of which is exceed- ingly baneful to health. This could be effected by placing a slanting shelf under the roost, which by means of a hoe or brush could have its contents easily placed in a box or barrel and taken care of to be applied where its ammoniacal properties may be turned to account. It is only by giving such matters thought and personal attention that anyone can reasonably e.vpect to improve the condition or increase the productiveiless of their fowls. THRIFT IS NEVER FOUND WHEKE NEGLIGENCE ABOUNDS. To the successful poultry rearer, experience and observa- tion clearly demonstrate that, to achieve a desirable result, the too general PARTLY BEGUN AND HALF-DONE system will not answer. This subject, among numerous others, requires practical attention, and while at first glance their importance may not be di.seerned, comparative results will plainly show such should not pass unheeded. Uei.anco. SpOF^JSIVI/^l^'s DEfA^F^JIVlEflj. THE INTERNATIONAL DOG AND POULTRY EXHIBITION. At a meeting held at the residence of Mr. Jacob Pentz , at Newark, N. J., on Saturday last, composed of many of the more prominent amateurs of dogs and fancy poultry re- sident in Newark and vicinity, the initial steps were taken to carry into cflect the much-t«lked-of design to hold at New- ark in February next, a national and international exhibition of thorough-bred dogs and fancy poultry, Mr. Deraorest, of Newark, was elected Chairman, and Col. Skinner, Field Editor of the Turf, Field and Farm, Secretary. On motion of Mr. Eugene Shorb. of Jersey City, the gentlemen present were invited to nominate members to constitute an Advisory Committee, to be selected from all g3g FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. sections of the country, to co-operate with a local Executive Committee to he hereafter constituted, whereupon the fol- lowing were nominated and elected : Jacob Pentz, JSTewark, Chairman ; George H. Wild, of Ked Bank, N. J.; C. H. Raymond, Morris Plains; A. P. Baldwin and Frederick Underbill, of Newark; Eugene Shorb, Wm. Taylor, Wm. Hughes, of Jersey City; Theo. ' llorford and A. AVaddell, of Xewton, N. J. : John E. Long, of Detroit, Mich.; Adolphe Gubner, Eobert Kobinson and Frederick Massie, of Brooklyn ; William Shipman, of Brooklyn; H. S. Edwards, of Chicago, 111.; Thos. H. Logan, of Cincinnati ; George Hayden, Jacksonville, 111.; . Mr. Carman, of Eiver Edge, X. J.; George D. Saxon, Can- ton, Ohio ; Mr. Bryson, Memphis, Tenn.; James Gordon, Pontotoc, Miss.; George T. Leech, New Orleans; E. G. Benson, Philadelphia, Penna.; Wm. Clarkson, Del.; Hon. Thomas De Kussey, New Brunswick; J. B. Sage, BufiFalo ; Green Smith, Western New York ; Mr. Jenkins, Baltimore, Md.; Isaac Van Winkle, Greenville, jf. J.; A. Shaler Smith, Mo.; Shirley Harrison, Brandon, Va.; John Swan, of Huntington Ridge, Md.; Mr. Coburn, Duane street, N. T.; Alfred Philips, Trenton, N. J.; Clarence Gould, Charles Foster, of the Sportsman ; and Mr. Joseph Elliott, of the Herald. On motion of Mr. Underbill, which was sustained by eloquent and cogent remarks, the presidents of all the sportsmen's clubs in the country were added to the Advisory Committee. The following gentlemen were nominated and elected as a local Executive Committee, to meet at the Park House on the first day of October next at 8 P. M.: Jacob Pentz, Ed. Hajnes, F. G. Skinner, Horace Smith, Wm. Hughes, M. Banks, of Rod and Gun, N. A. Demorest, Eu- gene A. Shorb, F. S. Underbill, W. W. Grummond, W. Gumiershall, A. P. Baldwin, Herman Schalk, Theo. Mor- ford, Foreman Taylor, C. H. Raymond and S. J. Bestor, of Hartford. The Executive Committee was empowered bv the meeting to fill vacancies and make such modifications as in their opinion would be most conducive to the success of the enterprise. The Field Editor of the Turf, Field and Farm, was present and much gratified at the zeal and earnestness of the parties attending the meeting ; he learned that a thousand dollars had already been secured by private subscription to the en- terprise, and believes that from that source alone — private i subscriptions — three thousand dollars may be secured, in- i dependent of gate money and entrance fees. The Rink has been secured for the exhibition, and a finer building for the proposed dog and poultry show does not exist anywhere. This, together with the admirable position of the citv of Newark — accessible from all points of the compass by rail ' — must command success. After a good supper, enlivened by the charming wit of Mr. Frederick Underbill, and a learned discourse from Mr. Shorb upon the constitutionality of game preservation, and the advantages of abstemiousness when facing the rifle 1 butts and the pigeon traps, the meeting adjourned with the request that the proceedings should be published in the Turf, Field and Farm, the Forest and Stream and the Rod and. Gun. , SWIMMING FROM THE LAZARETTO TO GLOUCESTER. The second contest between Coyle and Johnson, for the swimming championship, came o6f yesterday. As it was evident from two previous attempts of each man that the distance of thirteen miles, between Chester and Gloucester, could not be accomplished, it was mutually agreed by them in the contest yesterday to shorten the distance about three miles, and swim from the Lazaretto to Gloucester. The day previous being one of almost continual rain, it was greatly feared that yesterday would prove but a con- tinuation of its predecessor as to the weather. The morning opened with the wind still from the northeast, and a lowering sky in the west. However, the rain kept oft' until about two o'clock, when it began to fall steadily, and so continued for several hours, with a rising wind from the northeast. Johnson boarded the tug, Henry C. Fox, at Gloucester, and Coyle came on board the barge John Neilson at the same point, and by these separate means proceded to Chester. At the latter place Johnson, with his judges, Messrs. George Harrison and James Gadsby, came on the Neilson, and there met Coyle and his judges, Messrs. M. Deshong and J. Payne, for the purpose of deciding which side of Tinicum Island the swimmers were to start from, that matter not having been definitely stated in the agreement. After some colloquy the western channel was agreed upon, and, after having selected Mr. Henry Black, of Gloucester, as referee, the barge by this time having reached the Lazaretto, both men were rowed to the tug Henry C. Fox, where they stripped for their work. At ten minutes after three o'clock the two men appeared on the rail of the boat, and at the word both dove overboard. Upon coming to the surface they almost immediately divided , Johnson pursuing a straight course up mid-channel, and Coyle striking for the eastern shore of Tinicum Island, where he would be somewhat protected from the northeast wind, which blew dead against them. It was evident from the start that rough water was not suitable for Coyle, as his style of swimming is breast high out of the water, and every wave struck dead against him. Johnson's peculia? mode of propelling himself in a sidelong way and almost all the time beneath the surface of the water, prevented the rough water from militating much against him. He immediately forged ahead of Coyle. The head of Tinicum Island, a distance of about two miles from the starting point, was reached by Johnson at .3-37, and Coyle at 3.42. About two additional miles were made by Johnson up to four o'clock, Coyle being still five minutes behind him. At 4.27 the blowing of steam whistles in Coyle's vicinity indicated that he had given up, and he was brought on board the Neilson. Coyle's reason for his failure was the rough water and the crowding upon him of numerous river crafts that accompanied the swimmers. He had swam perhaps five miles when he failed, and Johnson was a full half mile in the advance. Johnson continued his course with a steady propulsion, and apparently without much exertion. He passed Red Bank, a distance of seven miles, in precisely two hours from the time of starting. The stake boat off Gloucester was reached at 6.02, lacking eight minutes of three hours in swimming ten miles. He clambered up the side of the stake boat, a large sloop, as nimble as a cat, and danced a jig on the deck, showing that he was but little exhausted. Although the number of people witnessing the contest was not so large as in that of the 22d of July, it appeared that the number of steam tugs and yachts, sailing vessels and skitfs were almost doubled, there being at least two hundred of these craft around the swimmers, greatly im- peding them in their movements. As Johnson came in FANCIRRS' JOURN/AL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 539 sight of Qloucester, boats of all kinds came down to meet him, thus swelling the already large concourse. Wlii'ii Johnson ronchod tho jjoal every steam whistle on tho river within a mile set up iin enthusiastic blowing, the bands of music on tho ditl'drciit boats played appropriate airs, and tho people on shore and afloat added to tho din with uproarious cheers. The winner of tho match iiiul tho championship of the world was escorted to his cpiarters at Gloucester, and an imnionso throng itnnu'diately surrounded the hotel, from the upper porch of which Johnson presently appeared and ad- dressed the crowd in a few appropriate words. There were probably five thousand people assembled along the shore at Gloucester to witness the termination of tho race. It is admitted by tho friends of both contestants that the contest yesterday was a fair and honest one, and that each man used his best endeavors to be successful. AN AQUATIC VELOCIPEDE. On Saturday afternoon, August 21, a number of people assembled on the wharf below tho Kensington Water Works wharf, in this city, to witness the trial of what the inventor calls an aquatic velocipede. The suspension power of the machine is in three cigar-shaped zinc floats, 54 inches in length by about 14 inches in diameter. Two of these floats are placed opposite each other, about six feet apart, stiffened and held in position by iron rods running to a chair seat placed directly over the centre. Tho third float is placed in the rear and midway between the two others. This latter float is likewise secured to the chair by rods, but in such a way that it acts as a rudder, the rider working it by means of ropes running to his seal. The wheel, which is of iron and weighs forty pounds, is placed directly in front of the chair. The spokes are twelve in number, fifteen inches long, with floats at their outer extremities six inches square. The wheel is propelled by the feet, as in a velocipede. When tho rider was seated in the chair, the floats wore about half submerged and the scut of tho chair about three foot above the water. The weight of the entire apparatus is 100 pounds. Tho machine was put together and placed in the water in Gunner's Eun before taking it to the river front, and here occurred what came very near proving a drowning case. Captain E. W. Powers, who is interested in the machine, while standing on some loose logs in tho creek watching its movements, was precipitated into the water by the turning of a log, and but for the timely assistance of Mr. George W. Branson, would have lost his life. Directly after high water tho velocipede was brought around into the river dock, and after performing several evolutions, such as turning, backing, rooking, it was started straight across the river to a stake boat anchored a half a mile distant. This boat was rounded, and the machine brought back to the dock, a distance of a mile in abo\it ten minutes. In the home stretch it encountered the waves of of the steamboat John A. Warner, but it rode them out safely, and without diminishing its speed in the least. (Fov Knin-uM^- ,louni;il.1 SPORT, THE TERRIER. Sport is a castrated terrier, lie cannot boast of much of a pedigree, being one of those terriers known as a cross be- tween a bull-dog and !i bUiek-and-tan. But ho is a wonder- ful dog in some respects, and though a little too fat for beauty, there is a kindly, intelligent look in his face which imme- diately advances him in the respect and esteem of all true admirers of canines. Sport, though a terrier, is passionatelj' fond of the water, and can remain in this element longer than any dog, water- breed or not, of which I have ever heard. I have known him to remain in the river, swimming with and against a strong tide, for thrco-(|uarter3 of an hour, without once coming to the banks to rest. He is "chums" with a water spaniel, but the latter is no match for him in swimming. Sport can make twice as rapid progress, remain in the water twice as long, and swim twice as far as his chum. In the water his tail is in continual motion, giving the impression that ho is .sculling himself with his tail. Whether this mo- tion of his tail really adds to his progress 1 am unable to say. Ho will bring sticks as large as fence-rails to the bank, if thrown a hundred feet from shore. He is in the water a dozen times a day, and at any time if you say, " Sport, go take a swim," away he bounds towards the river, barking with delight. Sport is also a cow-dog, and fetches the cattle up from the meadows every night. There was once a cow in the drove which was vicious, and had to be put in the " pound " be- fore she could be milked. Every night about milking-time, when his mistress appeared with the kettle, Sport would rush off and drive tho vicious cow into the " pound." Sport is very jealous of two kittens, and whenever any one calls " Kitty, kitty," he walks up to the person calling, lies down and rolls on his back, as he has seen the kittens do. He knows he would be punished if he bit the kittens, so he con- tents himself with striking them with his paws when be thinks no one is looking. Sport is afraid of tirearms. Once when he was young I thought that being so intelligent a dog perhaps he would tree squirrels, so I took him with mo on a hunt. He did not tree any, but at the first report of the gun he ran at a terrific rate, round and round in a circle, and then flew at a tangent for home. Ever since, whenever I appear with a gun, he sneaks under the house. PuiLO. TucKAHOE, N. J., August, 1875. The Paris correspondent of the London Daily Tele- grap/i writes: "A droll story comes to us from the city of Marseilles. The hero is a gentleman well known both there and in Paris. On his property near Jlarseiiles he once had rabbits, which the innumerable poachers of tho south have exterminated. There is now, as every one knows, a sincere though uncultivated admiration for field sports in France. This gentleman was quite ashamed to think that ho could not offer even rabbit shooting to a friend on his estates. But the remedy was simple — the empty warrens could be resliK-k- ed. Orders to this etloct he sent from Paris, and a groat quantity of coneys were turned down. The season of the chase opened two or throe days since, and a goodly show of guns M. led out to harass his game. Girt with horns probably, and furnished with embroidered game-bags, the party approached the scene of action. To their mingled horror and delight the rabbits sallied forth full gallop, greeting their executioners with joy, and came running up to their gaitcred legs. Never was there such a welcome ; Lops and half-lops, Dutch and Angora bounded to meet the sportsmen, tumbling one across another in delight. The fact is, tliat the garde-cha.-'fe had bought tame rabbits, which he had beeu used to feed in that very spot"' 540 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i ^ ANCIERS' 1|OURNALANDflgOULTRY^|pXCHAN&E, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. E". Raub, Associate Editor. Published Weekly, at 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, by mail, tJ. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage, EDITORIAL BEPARTAIENT. THE CHICAGO EXHIBITION Which is announced for January 20th next, 1876, where poultry, pigeons, dogs and pet stock generally will be shown in competition — promises, from present indications, to be the most important and extensive show of its kind ever undertaken on this side of the Atlantic. The western fanciers are fully alive to the merits of this opportunity, and the eastern breeders of small live stock, chickens, pigeons, etc., are also evincing a creditable interest in this prospectively grand affair. A notable feature pro- posed already in the arrangements for this exhibition, is the offer of large competitive premiums in cash, by several prominent fanciers, as special prizes, in amounts from $50 to 1200 each, several of which are $100. This is encouraging. Breeders at a distance can afford to enter their best stock there, and send it from any distance, " if it is really the best," in view of the chance to win, meritoriously, any one of these mentioned cash prizes. In addition to this particular incentive, the regular Western National Society premiums are very liberal in amount, as well as in numbers ; and there is a wide range and scope to the latter, in favor of the best, second, third and fourth best, in all the numerous variety of fowls, water fowls, pigeons, dogs, rabbits, and other pets. In our judgment, in view of what we know of the honor- able and upright managers who now have this matter under supervision, this opportunity will be a rare one for poultry and pel stock breeders, in every section of the country, and we earnestly anticipate a grand gathering on this occasion, to which we shall refer asrain. TH08K WHO BREED BANTAMS As a specialty, have found that the smaller the size of this tiny and beautiful class of poultry, the more desirable they have become, in late years, as well as the more sale- able— other qualities being equal. The Black Bantam, the Gold or Silver-laced Sebrights, and the varieties of modern Game Bantams, are all bred now- adays for pets ; and theirdirainutiveness — other qualifications of fine plumage, form and carriage being retained — is quite a desideratum. It may not be new to some fanciers, but we make the suggestion (after known successful trials) that the early fall of the year is the best time to hatch this class of bird. They are generally a tender chick to rear, but with average good care these little birds will mature well after hatching in August or September. The cooler weather retards their growth, and they are thus kept below attaining the stout proportions of their race, that are hatched at an earlier period in the season. Bantam fanciers who aim to breed the smallest specimens of their respective varieties, who hatch their chickens about this time, or up to a month later in the year, will find their birds next spring, on the average, one-fifth less in weight, and, with proper attention, quite as healthj', as well-formed, and as perfect in general development and feathering as their earlier hatched brothers and sisters of the same species. This fact is worth understanding by those who covet the lesser-sizeci Bantam fowls. Wk have received from the publishers, W. J. Holland & Co., of Springfield, Mass., the announcement of a forth- coming new volume of 408 pages, by Captain George P. Burnham, of Melrose, under the unique title, " A Hundred Thousand Dollars in Gold : How to Make It." This volume is sold only by Messrs. Holland & Co.'s agents, but it will undoubtedly have a large sale, from the reputation of the spicy author, and the fact that there are a great many people in this money-making world who will be very glad to know " how to make it," and Mr. Burnham can tell them how to do it. THE CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION. A CORRESPONDENT inquires of us, " What is transpiring in relation to the, some time since suggested, proposals of fan- ciers to join in the National Exposition at Philadelphia, in 1876?" To which we are able at the present time to reply, that little has been yet done except to " propose," and the pros- pect that anything will be done, in this connection, is not so flattering as we could wish. There appears to be little disposition on the part of the Commissioners to entertain any propositions that might tend to the getting up of a creditable public display of poultry, and other live pet stock, on this forthcoming inter- esting occasion, and private enterprise has not thus far ofier- ed to take hold of the suggestion with any show of tangible earnestness. To do the thing properly and make it a success commen- surate with the merits of the case in other departments, will require (as was originally suggested in these columns) a good deal of labor, tact, management and ready means to carrj' it out as it should be done; the approval and co-oper- ation of the Commissioners is not necessary for a successful show. And so we opine that a poultry and pet stock show, inde- pendent of the Exhibition — to be held for a fort-night, say, in the most appropriate season for this purpose — during the six months of the Centennial Exposition, will be the best thing that the fanciers can do, in this connection, if any- thing is undertaken at all. We shall be happy to learn from those interested in this subject, at home or at a distance, what are their views in the matter ; and we will cheerfully lend our aid to any feas- ible plan that maybe devised towards having the I'ight kind of a show of poultry, pigeons, etc., as is hinted at by our correspondent. Since the above has been In type, we have visited Mr. Burnett Landreth, the chief of the Agricultural Depart- FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND P O U L T Jl Y RXCUANGK. 541 mcnl, ill company witli Dr. A. M. Dickie, Chairman of the Coniinittoo appointed by the American Poultry Association. From Mr. Landreth we learn that all fowls must be exhib- ited in the boxes or coops in which they are shipped ; that all expenses on each coop must be paid or they will not be received. On arrival at the Exhibition they will be placed in position, when they must be fed and watered by the ex- liibitor, or his agent. The Coiuinission will furnish no food nor any one to care for the stoclv. The only premiums olfered will be the regular medals of the Commission. From the above it will be seen that the Exhibition must, of a necessity, ho a thoroughly local show, as it will be im- pos.sible for any fancier, fifty or more miles from this city, to send a man and feed with bis birds. The rules, as laid down by the Commission for the Poultry Department, are simply absurd, and shows their utter ignorance of the mat- ter they have in charge. N.\TI0NAt, rOULTRY ASSOCIATION. In our report of the meeting of the Executive Committee of the American Poultry Association, we stated that the exhib- ition of the National Poultry Association, in Chicago, would be postponed from January '20 to February 10, 187G. This statement was rather premature, for although a meeting was held for the purpose of making such a change, it was found that it would conflict with the dog and poultry show to be held at Newark, N. J., in February, and as the dog depart- ment of both shows is likely to be an important feature, it was thought best not to throw them into the same month, and it was also deemed unwise by many of the Executive Committee to postpone on any account. The Chicago show will, therefore, be held January '20th to 28th, 1876— " rain or shine." The managers of the Chicago exhibition, regret that it should conflict with the Portland show, and in deference to the alleged priority of tlieir claim, would have postponed until February if it could have been done without jumping out of the frying-pan into the fire. CoF\F\ESpO|^DEI^CE. LONQ ISLAND POULTRY ASSOCIATION, Only recently organized under the most flattering pros- l)Octs will give their first annual exhibition November 30th, December 1st, 2d, and 3d, in Brooklyn City — the Society recogui/.ing the important necessity of the improvement of pure-bred poultry, pigeons, rabbits, birds, small pets, and hunting and fancy dogs, etc. Premletii—W. W. Shutts, Brentwood, L. I. VicePi-csidenlii—'Wm. H. Pullis, Bay Shore, L. I. ; E. N. Wheeler, Port Jeti'erson, L. I. ; Henry Livingston, Bablon, L. I. ; Hallet Hubbard, Bay Shore, L. I. ; Rev. W. L Maverick, Lake Grove, L. I. Co7-respondi>iov iiiu' of abtiul twelve words ^Nonpareil uieasure- uieut), each auniber or initial will couot as oue word. The following Disi-oists will be made os Peojipt Paymests. For three months 12;{ per cent, discount. ** SIX months 25 " " nine mouths 37*5 " " " tweWe months, 50 " *' 544 FANCIEKS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. CHAWOEB AS OFTEN AS B£SIR£B. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Excbang'es and Wants, limited to 48 words, must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. .fl®* Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Nonpareil Measurement. Count your lines by ihu 7nde,froTn line to line. Exctj/V'^QES. -eS" Advertisements in this Cox-uarN, of Five Lines, or Forty Eight Words, describing and offering for excban^e only, will be allowed at 25 cents for each and every insertion. BUNCAJf KAT, Gait, Ont., Canada, has for barter one pair of pild Canaries, and one pair of domesticated Canaries. What offers. CHAS. BRAINARB, Thomsonville, Conn., will exchaoge cigars (of almost any quality), for a thoroughbred Setter or Pointer dog, from four to six months old ; a Setter preferred. OEO. F. T01JNGI.0VE, Fitchburg, Mass., will exchange four Plymouth Rock cockerels— for Partridge Cochin pullets; also Black- Breasted Red Game Bantams, for Pyle or Duckwing Game Bantams. Who comes first. J- F. FUIjIjER, Normal, 111., will exchange three Himalayan rab- bits (bucks), three months old, from imported pair, for a nice pair of Lops; earage 20x4. Would like a pair about a year old— or a trio of Silver-Spangled Hamburgs, this spring's hatch. What offers? FA?f CIER, Box 151, Freehold, N. J., will exchange Partridge Coch- ins, DarkBrahmas (Todd and Williams stock), and twenty bottles enamel polish, for boots, harness, carriage-tops, etc., worth forty cents a bottle — for White Cochins, Polish, La Fleche, Hamburgs, Game and Sebright Bantams. Speak quick. IHJNCA5I" KAX, Gait, Ont., Canada, will exchange a Maltese cat and three kittens — for fowls or any other exchangeable article. AliFRFD A. BEROW, Lock Box 702, Watertown, N. Y., will ex- change a few pairs of White Bantams — for Black or Game Bantams. What other offers. A. I>. Mccarty, Wolcottvllle, Conn., will exchange a choice lot of G. S. Hamburgs, Plymouth Rocks, or W. F. B. Spanish— for a light sporting rifle (either muzzle or breech-loader), or anything of value. What offers? __^^^__^^___^_^ _ ___^____ ABRAJHtAm PERRT, Monroe, Orange Co., N. Y., will exchange a very nice lot of Whiie Leghorn cockerels, from prize stock, May and June hatch—for pullets of the following varieties: White or Brown Leg- horns, Dark Brahmas, and Aylesbury ducks. Must be good. JA9IES HUGHES, No. 95 Bleeker St., N. Y., has live sets of sin- gle harness, in good order, costing from S40 to $80, to exchange for either Poultry, Pekin Ducks, Bronze Turkeys, or Berkshire Pigs. DUNCAN KAY, Gait, Ont., Canada, will exchange one pair Duck- ping Game Bantams, from prize stock— for fowls, pigeons, or other offers. W. J. EVENDEN, Williamsport, Pa., will exchange Pouters, Car- riers, Jacobins, White Fautails, Yellow Tumblers, Black and Starling Priests, Nuns, S. S. Hamburgs, B. B. R. Game Bantams, White Cochin chicks and Maltese cats, for Duckwing or Pyle Game Bantams, Ferrets, double-barreled shot guu, rifle. Pointer pups, or merchandise. GEO. H, NORTHUP, Danvers, McLean Co., 111., will exchange a first-class Light Brahma or White Leghorn Cockerel — for Fanciers' Journal or a good poultry book. W. H. BRACKETT, Washington National Bank, Boston, Mass. offers to exchange three-Crested Blue Fantail cocks, one White Fantail cock, one Yellow Snell cock, one pair Dutch Rabbits, and two pairs Guinea Pigs — for Turbits and Swallows in pairs, and Himalayan or Egyptian rabbits. What is offered? E. S. MOOEE, Beruviilo, Pa., will exchange one pair S. S. Ham- burgs (Schwartz stock ), Red Magpies, Yellow Tumblers, Black Baldheads, Black Jacobins, White Fantails, two English Fox Hounds (bred from Graff's that refused S^210) —for Bliick-and-Tan Terriers, not weighing more than five pounds each. FRANK F. EATTA, Friendship, Alleghany Co., N. Y., will ex- change one pair of Silver-penciled Hamburgs, descendents from birds that won first at Angelica, 1874— for Angora or Lop-eared Rabbits. Must be good stock as mine are. B, A. A. NICHOES, Albany, N. Y., will exchange a perfectly new S^75 Elias Howe .Sewing Machine (taken of an agent on a dent), for a good American (Waltham or Elgin) gold watcK ; or silver watch and a good Thomas clock, and Houdan fowls for balance. What ofters? BUNCAN KAY, Gait, Ont., Canada, will exchange a meerschaum pipe (bowl valued at $20, and highly colored) — for fowls, pigeons, or other offers. A. E. ABBOTT, East Hampton, Hampshire Co., Mass., has one trio White Aylesbury Ducks to exchange for Bantams or Pigeons. What offers ? HARRY W. BOAN, Carversville, Bucks Co., Pa., will exchange a thorough-bred English Bull Dog, for Fowls or a breech-loading Shot Gun or Rifle. O. F. M., Box 2946, New York, will exchange Black-breasted Red Game Bantams (Spaulding's strain)— for Fancy Pigeons. Must he good, as Bantams are first-class. J. F. CUNEIFFE, Drumbo, Ontario, Canada, will exchange one Earl Derby Game hen (W. H. Todd's stock), for Silver-laced Bantam or Black Cochin hen. T. S. McKEE, Alleghany, Pa., will exchange Black, Yellow, and Red-Mottled Jacobins; Red and Black Swallows; Black-Mottled Trum- peters, Ermine Tumblers, White-crested Fans, Red Turbits — for good Shot Gun. The Black Swallows, Trumpeters, Tumblers and Fans are all first premium. R. H. PAXSON, East Hamburg, Erie Co., N. Y.. has for exchange 21 numbers of the Fanciers' Journal, 1875, and the Museum of Wonderful Adventure and Daring Exploits, cost about §3— for Stone Drinking J. H. PHIEEIPS, Coventry, N. Y., has Buff Cochin chicks and Brown Leghorn cockerels to exchange for No. 1 Light Brahma pullets, Light Brahma hens of 1874 hatch, or Black-breasted Red Game Bantams. J. B., First Brant's HalL, Harrisburg, Pa., will exchange fine White Fantails, from four to eight months old, for any other kind of Fancy Pigeons; and will give two White Fans for one female Archangel. P. H. FITCH, Wolcott, N. Y., has on hand one pair of Guinea pigs, nearlj^ white; also, four young sows, one-half grown, one of which is snow-white, the others have only a very small colored spot. Will ex- change each, any, or all the above for a trio of first-class White-crested Black Polish and three American Dominique pullets, delivered at Wolcott, express paid. Write. W. S. ROCKHIEE, Hamilton Square, N. J., has for exchange one very good breeding Lop-ear doe, with five young; and one good doe, seven months old. What is offered ? ERNEST W. WIBER, East St. Louis, 111., offers to exchange (ail first-class stock) Dark Brahmas, two hens I paid 320 for; Black and White Cochins, 1st and 2d premium at St. Louis Fair; also, Toulouse Geese, Cayuga and Muscovy Ducks, 1st premium. Pigeons are from imported stock. No postal cards answered. R. T. FAIRSERVICE, E. Newark, N. J., will exchange a fine Black-Red Game Cock, imported from J. C, Cooper, Ireland, cost S20 — for a good set of single harness, buffalo robe, or sleigh. What oflers? B. Y. FAIRSERVICE, East Newark, N. J., will exchange all or any part of his White and Partridge Cochins or Dark Brahmas — for a good light buggy, harness, robe, or sleigh. Now is your time. E. W. WIDER, East St. Louis, 111., has to exchange the following fowls: 5 trios first-class Dark Brahmas, 3 trios Light Brahmas, 1 trio Partridge Cochins, 1 trio AVhite Cochins, 1 pair White Cochins, 1 trio Black Cochins, 1 pair Black Cochins— for Pouters, Swallows, Tumblers and Owis. See wants. E. W, WXBER, East St. Louis, 111., has to exchange Carriers, Barbs, Short-faced Tumblers, Pigmy Pouters and Runts — for English Pouters, Swallows, Tumblers, and Owls. See wants, E. W. IVIBER, East St. Louis, 111., has to exchange one pair extra large Toulouse Geese, one pair Toulouse Geese, one trio Rouen Ducks, one trio Cayuga Ducks, and one trio Black Muscovy Ducks — for English Pouters, Swallows, Tumblers, and Owls. See wants. W. ATEEE BURPEE, 13^2 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. will exchange a few grand birds of his unsurprssed Brown Leghorns, fancy pigeons, in variety. White Leghorn cockerels, (out of "190," etc.,) Dark Brahma and Plymouth Rock cockerels — for Buff Cochins, Houdans, Hamburgs, Polish, B. B. R. Games, Bantams, Ducks, large Bronze turkeys, or extra fine Berkshire, Chester White, Poland and China pigs. My stock is very superior ; the same expected. C. B. EEBEN, Pittsburgh, Pa., has one pair of good, well-marked Silver Sebright Bantams to exchange for one extra good Light Brahma ten, IS months old, or pair of Black African Bantam hens. R. EEAYER, Trenton AVoolen Company, Trenton, N. J., wishes to exchange a Dark Brahma cockerel of good strain, for one of Sharpless' or other noted strain. Also, a trio of Golden Spangled Hamburgs for a trio of B. B. R. Game Bantams, good stock. J. C. EONO, Jr., 39 North Ninth St., Philadelphia, Pa., will ex- change Silver Hunting-case Watch, in good order, with handsome roll- plated Chain — for sixty pairs strong, common Pigeons. Who takes it? Wm^t ED. B. W. WIDER, East St. Louis, 111., wants ten pair first-class En- glish Swallows— two pairs each— Silver, Blue, Black, Ked, and Yellow. Must be clean and booted. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCTTANGE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER 9, 1875. No. 36. THE TRUE NOBILITY. TiiKRK is a laud bennath tlio coruto sky, That claims not roj'al blood, nor heraldry ; Wln!ro men aro lords, thout;h toiling soon and late. And all are squires without a grand estate. III! who by brain and hand invents a thing, Witli brow uncrowned, is greater than a king ; Anil the mechanic ranks a reigning czar, Who builds the mighty locomotive car. The humblest laborer at the rolling mill May come, high places in- the State to (ill ; Who swings the sledge, with spinal column bent, llise to be honored as a President. A queen in lior own bouse oaoh mother is, And all her daughters lair are princesses ; Who in a school the children entertains A duchess she, without the courtly trains. Ours is a nation where all men are peers — No lowly man looks up above and fears* Oh, blest Columbia, ever may'st thou be Land of the Qood, as well as Brave and Free. — W. G. S. THE WINTER GARDEN. To make home cheerful during the long winter season of the North, there is nothing that can compare with flowering ll.VY WtSnoW WITH GLASS SCREEN. plants. They aro a constant, ever-developing delight. Each day brings new leaves and buds and blos.«onis, and now forms of loveliness, and wo look and wonder and admire. With house plants, as with all other things, success is essential to enjoyment. No one can derive pleasure from a group of stunted, sickly plants ; but there are few persons in the world who are not charmed even with a small collection of healthy plants tastefully arranged. There is pleasure, too, in having these plants as much as possible the work of our own skill — grown from seeds or cuttings or trained by our own hands. We shall endeavor to give a few suggestions that we hope will be useful, and make the road to success somewhat easy. We do not propose to instruct those who have greenhouses and gardeners, as we have felt that our mission was a more humble, and yet, wu think, a more glorious one — to create a love of flowers among the millions — those who have but little time and means tn devote to this work. If successful in this, wo shall feel that we have not lived and labored in vain. LIBRARY \VI.\: ... Thousands of persons purchase vigorous, beautiful plants from the greenhouses every year, and are pained to see them gradually and surely lose all trace of beauty, and tinally droop and die. Like our correspondent, in a recent num- ber, they feel guilty at being the unwilling assassins of so much life and beauty, llow can we prevent this? Plants, like ourselves, need air, light, warmth, food and moisture, and must have all these in sufficient quantities, or tliey will sutler and finally die. Food. — Where good earth is used for potting, plants sel- dom need any special manure. The best soil for plants is found in old meadows, the corners of fences, etc., whore sod has grown a long time. A pile of sod laid up to rot makes excellent potting earth, and if tjikon from what we call here a chestnut soil, that is, with a good deal of sand, nothing 546 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET BXCHAN&B. can be better. Many persons think if they can get a little black muck from a swamp they have the perfection of pot- ting soil, while it is the poorest soil that can be procured. About a tablespoonful of guano in a pail of water makes a good fertilizing material, but must be used cautiously, and is not often needed. Water. — Keep the earth moderately moist, about as it is observed in the garden in what we call a growing time. PAKLOK WINDOW. Heat. — Most of our plants are injured by too much heat. Por a general collection of house plants, it is not best to allow the thermometer to be above seventy, and if they could be kept in a room where the thermometer would usually not range much above sixty-five it would be the better. In the night time fifty is high enough. Give a little fresh air every fine day, and all the sunlight attain- able. An efifort should be made to give moisture to the atmosphere, for our own good as well as the health of the plants. This can be done in various ways by evaporating water ; but when plants are in a separate apartment, like a little green-house, it can be done more conveniently and effectually, although this separate apartment be only a bay window, with glass doors, separating it from the living room, as shown in the engraving. In this water can be used free- ly, by syringing, etc., and a moist atmosphere preserved. The temperature, with this arrangement, can be kept lower than would be comfortable in the living room, and the plants are saved from dust and many evils which we manage to endure and live, but which generally prove too much for the plants. AiK AND Light. — Every one knows that a plant grown in the dark is weak and colorless ; and if it has plenty of light and little air, while it will have the natural color, it will be slender and sickly. The gardener, therefore, is careful to give his green-houses and hot-beds not only light, but air, at every convenient opportunitj'. In winter, he hails a bright sunny day with delight. Plants will suflfer from a current of cold air just as their owner would, but will be benefited by an invigorating breath of fresh air. Provide, therefore, for air in some way, especially on pleas- ant days. Cleanliness is as necessary to the health of plants as to animals, and it is therefore necessarj' to secure them from dust as much as possible, and also to cleanse the plants fre- quently by sj'ringing or washing. Even here a little caution is necessary, for while the smooth-leaved plants are benefited, not only by showering, but even by washing the leaves with a cloth or sponge, the rough-leaved plants, like the Begonia rex, do not like to have the surface of their leaves frequently moistened. It would, therefore, be well to remove such plants before syringing. Take every precaution, however, to prevent the accumulation of dust upon the plants ; and above all endeavor to screen them from that terrible inflic- tion, carpet-sweeping. It may be well enough to kill the old people by compelling them to breathe clouds of dust, but send the children into the fresh air to skate, to snow-ball, and screen the plants, if possible. The essentials of success in plant culture are suitable soil, air, light, moderate and regular heat, a moist atmosphere, regular and moderate watering, and freedom from dust and foul gas. The plants suitable for winter-flowering in the house are numerous, but none afford so much pleasure, we think, as a good collection of Bulbs, such as Hyacinths, Narcissus, the early Tulips, and other Bulbs which we will not occupy space to mention here, because we devote almost the entire number to this class of plants. In the garden there are usually a few plants that may be taken up and potted. The Ivy, Madeira Vine and Coboea scandens are graceful climb- ers, and will bear almost any amount of bad treatment. Tuberoses that have not bloomed in the garden and are showing flower stems may be taken up and potted, and will flower in early winter. A root of the Dicentra will give satisfaction. The Ten- Weeks Stock is also a fine winter bloomer, and can be treated in the same manner, A pot of Mignonette costs but a few cents, and not many expensive plants will afford as much pleasure. Sow the seeds in Sep- tember or October. It is well to prepare two or three pots. LAR»£ BAY WINDOW. The Sweet Alyssum treated as advised for Mignonette will also please, and nothing will make up better in button-hole bouquets than these sweet little flowers. A few larger plants are desirable, and the Calla, Dracena and Begonia are very patient under almost anj- kind of treatment. We have not, however, space to enlarge on this subject, but will merely FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. r,47 say that a fow Lilies, lilfo Longiflorum, Aurntum and Lancifolium, though not often soon in tho house, will aflbrd a plonsant surprise, and flower in the order named. In tho second and third number of the QuUh of this year wo have discussed this subject pretty fully, and sliall in this number give descriptions of almost everything desirable for house culture, as well as for aiilumn planting in the garden. We bad made .some new drawings to illustrate this subject, but found tbcy failed to show our ideas as clearly as some we had already, which we preferred to use again. The first engraving shows a small I5ay Window, witli glass doors, closing it entirely from tho dust and heat of the living room, when desirable to do so. Tho second is a Library Window, and as this library is adjoining a sitting-room, and is only moderately heated, tho flowers succeed admirably, and tho eftbct is all that could be desired. Tho Parlor is from a sketch sent us by one of our customers in Cincinnati. It is chaste and elegant, — not crowded, — a model of a parlor window. Tho large Bay Window is more elaborate and not less elegant. It is in the possession of one of our friends and customers in Saratoga Springs. [We are indebted to Vick's Floral Ouide for the above article and cuts, which wo read with much interest and profit. Mr. Vick is a loader in his profession, and his busi- ness is so immense that his seeds must, of a necessitj', be fresh and reliable. We strongly urge our readers, who are fond of flowers, to read all tho publications issued by James Vick, of Kochester, N. Y.— Ed.J PodLTF^Y DEpy^F^TI^EfJT. (For FiuKicTs' JuurEiil.) YOUTHFUL FOLLIES. No. 2. For several weeks after the occurrence detailed in our last, a sad-faced boy might have been seen standinri about in quiet places, looking as though he had swallowed a whale. He was a lonely boy, and there was, evidently, a restriction upon his liberty, for often ho might have been observed to stop at tho gate and gaze pensively at tho old mill which was dimly seen in the distance, and around which ho knew his companions wore revelling ; for oftentimes the southern winds would waft the echo of their happiness to that sol- emn-visaged youth, as ho stood by the fence pensively rub- bing the irritated protuberances of his well-tanned body, and notify him of existing merriment. The edict had been issued — no more game roosters wore to be allowed upon tho farm, our strain was to be crossed. and the pride of our county was no more to be ministered to, by the appearance of our birds at the cattle shows ; meanwhile, the widowed hens ran cackling about the yards dissatisfied and husbandless. A disastrous retreat was made that Sunday by my companions in iniquity, for no .sooner had the chickens fallen than they broke and ran, utterly re- gardless of the feelings of him who was left to face tho in- jured power in authority. I hid the heels, picked up tho bodies of the slaughtered birds, and loafed towards the house I I did not tell a lie, but tho truth was as useless as an excuse. I got what no doubt my reader thinks I de- served, a first-class whipping, and orders to remain on the place. That, however, did not disturb me so much as the thought that our strain of fowls was to be adulterated. My father was noted for his love of chickens, and though his calling was such as to condemn all thoughts of cruelty, and ho would as soon have- placed his right hand in the fire as to have indulged in any sport in which cruelty was exercis- ed; still, he despised a coward, and would have been morti- fied to have heard of his strain of game fowls showing the white feather, and I think, all honor to his noble heart that never beat with aught but generous impulses, that to the last, he experienced a gentle satisfaction in knowing that no game bird of his strain was ever a dastard. Now, how- ever, ho conquered his love for his pets, and, " for the good of the boy," determined to cross with other varieties; that was what hurt mo, and during my imprisonment my wits were exorcised to find out how I could prevent the disaster. My comrades did not reappear for weeks, and my tribula- tions seemed all my own. However, one morning I heard the, for somotitno unusual, sound of a crow in the direction of the barn, and hastily dressing, I ran down to find that during the night, some of the boys had left a rooster on the perch, which in tho morning had taken possession of the yard. Father looked at him closely several times, and as he was a beauty, things might have been well but for the fact that another rooster was put in the stable that very even- ing, and the next morning there was war to the death. Then was I examined, hut having no knowledge of the kindly-moaning perpetrators of the deed, I received my freedom with orders to return tho survivor to whoever might acknowledge him. In a short time Shanglmis blundered where the beautiful Games had gracefully moved, and the poultry yard had lost its interest to ours. Three unwieldy Gray Shanghais, as they were then called, disturbed by their discordant crows the family serenity ; the boys were scandalized and the friends who believed in gameness were disturbed by the advent of the foreigners. Numerous protests were made, but father was firm in his determination. So things wore on to the middle of the winter, and from the quietness pervading on the chicken question it might have been supposed all oppo- 1 sition to the Burnhain-Pooters had vanished ; not so, how- ever, for many a council was held in the old barn, and many ■ a forlorn look given to the thicket where our reverses began, i and whore the heels were rusting in the knot-hole where they remained hid. I As the breeding season approached we almost gave up in I despair, until one day while our eroicd were basking in the sunshine, on the lee side of a straw rick, listening to one of ' the number reading aloud from one of the poultry books, the bright idea was hatched — the Shanghais must be eaponized. It was rocoivcd with shouts of exultation, which brought my father round to see what manner of mi.«chief those boys were in. He found us discussing the merits of the Cochin, : which was then being considered a new variety. During his absence at one of his appointments, the Shanghais were caught and operated on, and our greatest trouble was over, 548 PAKCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. as there were three or four young stags of the old stock that had escaped the massacre of the male born of the old game strain. Our evident exultation could not escape my paternal 's eye, but as the Shanghais increased in size and were no longer persecuted, he took it for granted there was some- thing else that had attracted our attention, and set his hens and cared for the chickens with as much interest as though he were raising the very purest game birds in Virginia ; and, yet, my conscience often smote me when he would wonder why none of the young took after the Shanghai fathers. Will Burleigh. (For Fanciers' Journal.) HATCHING UNDER DIFFICULTIES. There has been much said about eggs for hatching, some claiming that hens deserting the nest during the first ten days was fatal to the chicks forming in the egg, others that the last week caused the result. Now I set a hen on thir- teen Duokwing Game Bantam eggs, and for three days she behaved finely, and on the fourth day left the nest and was not discovered by me until the morning of the fifth day. As soon as discovered, I put another hen on the same nest, and for two days she done duty and then " let out" again, put another "hen on," with no better success, she stajnng on one night and part of one day, and then she "quit," the eggs in each case were perfectly cold. I then concluded the eggs were certainly good for nothing, and was upon the point of throwing them away, but concluded to put them under a hen that I had on a nest of two eggs, keeping her in case any of the sitters should leave their nest, and being a large clumsy Cochin I did not like at first to mother Ban- tams. Well, I put the eggs under her, and in due time, to my supprise, she brought off nine fine bright chicks, which, with all her clumsiness she has brought them every one up to nearly full grown. Now, is there anything strange after eggs hatching so badly, and after so much rough usage, these eggs should hatch so well ? Again, I had fifteen Bantam- eggs and had no broody hen, and for four weeks they remained in the box of bran, small end down, where they were placed day by day as laid, when they were put under a hen and in twenty days hatched eleven smart healthy chicks. SouTHKRir Tier. THE CATALEPTIC ROOSTER. There is a curious experiment which any one who is the possessor of a rooster can try for himself with success, and which has never been positively explained. It is an ancient one, in fact it is two hundred years and over old, since it was commented upon by Kiroher in 1646. Still it is none the less curious, and almost as much a subject of speculation now as it was when first observed. It is performed thus : Select a dark colored table with a smooth top ; place it so that a nar- row streak of sunlight will fall across the surface. The sun- light is not absolutely material to success, but we have found the desired result to be more quickly obtained when it is present. Then set the rooster on the table, and hold his head down so that his beak comes in contact with the wood. Now with a piece of chalk and in the sunlight, draw aline straight from the bird's beak, as represented in our engraving. Move the chalk very slowly, and by the time the line is a couple of feet in length the rooster will fall into a cataleptic or trance-like condition ; and although the hands are removed from his body, he will remain perfectly rigid for a minute or two. It is said that a black line on a white surface will produce the same efl'eet. Hens may be similarly treated, but it takes much longer to get them into the trance state, it being necessary to hold the head down several minutes be- fore they come under the influence. This phenomenon is teimed hypnotism, or the result of a curious sleep-producing property incident to the fixation of the attention upon some bright object. It is by some con- sidered a partial paralyzation of the brain. The same can be done upon human beings. The person should fix his eyes steadfastly on any glittering object, say a disk of silver pa- per, fastened on a black surface and brought within ten in- ches of his face, for about twenty or thirty minutes. A state of torpor supervenes, during which, if the limbs be gently raised, they will rigidly remain as placed. Surgical opera- tions have been performed under these conditions without causing suffering to the patient. [We are indebted to the Scientific American for the above illustration, a paper which we fear is too little known among fanciers, who are not aware of the amount of in- teresting matter it contains pertaining to the fancy, natural history, plant life, etc., etc. — Ed.] TO ISAAC VAN WINKLE. Ebply No. 2. "A hypocrite with bis mouth destroyeth his neighbor; but through knowledge shall the just be delivered."— Pkovekbs, 11 : 9. If the saying is true, that " a good shot makes the feathers fly," our reply to Mr. Isaac Yan Winkle must have cut with telling effect, to cause the fiutter it has, with such a profuse shower of the shafts of calumny and insolence. An eminent divine once said it was doubtful policy to resent a scurrilous attack, relating an incident, that, as he was returning on foot from an evening exercise, he encountered a certain little offensive animal, whose audacity sometimes disturbs the olfactories, but repented his indiscretion, for after dis- charging several volumes at his assailant, he got the worst of it; but when the scurrilous is combined with malevo- lence and falsehood, the attack is the more libellous, and a refutation in self defence, imperative ; nor will we allow our adversary to presumptuously sneak off under cover of his last paragraph — it is cowardly to cudgel an antagonist and run. Whether a single point in our reply has been answered, or an argument refuted, we submit to the un- prejudiced readers of the Journal to decide, as well as to determine upon which aide the " malice comes in " and the soreness "sticks out." FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. S49 Desperate is the cbbb and wonk the defense whore invec- tive, fabrication, and malicious insinuation are used, for want of argument, in a diatribe tliat would illy become the ordinary pettifogger. Mr. Van Winltle wi.shes it under- stood that, in his first article, ho treated us with "great courtesy." Tf the contemptible insinuations in the first paragrapb, in reference to the Nation's traducing a largo majority of llio poultry fraternity, are ccnirieous, wo lan I thou feeble tenant of an hour. Debased by slavery, or corrupt by power, Who knows the will must quit thee with disgust. Degraded mass of animated dust I Thy love is lust, thy friendship all a cheat. Thy smiles hypocrisy, thy words deceit ! By nature vile, unnoblcdbut by name. Each kindred brute might bid thee blush for shame. Yo who perchance behold this simple urn. Pass on — it honors woxw you wish to mourn : To mark a friend's remains these stones arise, I never knew but one and here he lies. Lord Btros. INTERNATIONAL CRICKET TOURNAMENT. TnK following, frnm the Qennatiiotm Ti:ltr/ra/,h, is the programme of thi: approaching cricket tournament on the Germantown Cricket Club grounds, Philadelphia, between the British officers' team, the representative Canadian team, and the Philadelphia eleven, in the following order: Monday and Tuesday, September 13 and 14— Canadian v. Philadelphia. Wednesday and Thursday, September lo and 10 — British officers V. Canadian. Friday and Saturday, September 17 and 18— Philadelphia V. British officers. Monday and Tuesday, September 20 and 21 — All Comers V. Philadelphia. The British officers' team is composed of officers from the Halifax and Bermuda garrisons. The following gentlemen have been selected, viz: Captain N. W. W:illace, Lieuten- ant Hon. K. Furnour, H. L. Fanner, J. D. Howdcn and R. C. Daviess, of the Sixtieth Eoyal Rifles ; Captain W. W. Taylor, Lieutenants F. Carpenter, M. Singleton, of the Eighty-seventh Koyal Irish Fusileers ; Lieutenant M. Sa- villc, of the Royal Navy; Lieutenants G. E. Brown and P. F. Tallants, of the Twentieth Regiment, and Lieutenant H. Cummings, of the Ninety-seventh Regiment, Bermuda gar- rison. A GAME PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION Was formed in Chester, Wednesday evening, August 25, 1875, by the election of the following officers for the ensu- ing year : President, Y. S. Walter ; Secretary, John S. Ker- lin ; Treasurer, Wm. C. Gray. The association starts with thirty active members, whose duty — as the name of the asso- ciation imports — will be to see that the game-laws of the State,'so far as they apply to Delaware county, are observed. The association otters a reward of ten dollars for the con- viction of every offender against the laws." — Delaware Co. Republican. B®° The Norristown Fish Association ofiers a reward of five dollars for the arrest and conviction of any person found fishing with nets or seines or in any other manner prohibited by law, in the river Schuylkill within the limits of Mont- gomery county. Information to be given to either Charles W. Bard, William H. Adle, Edward C. Young, Alan W. Corson, or George U. Powel, all residing in Norristown, a " committee whoso duties are to see that the laws are strictly enforced." This is something practical and in earnest, and we expect from it the best results. {©"Fatal Affair on the Wharf. — A battle between a rat and a crab took place several days sinceon Rieman's wharf near the falls, where crabs are landed for market. A crab fell out of a box to the ground, and was attacked by a rat which came out of his hole in a lumber pile. The rat com- menced at the crab's claw, and was immediately seized. A tussel then commenood, but the rat being more vulnerable than the crab, fought at a disadvantage. A person standing by knocked one of the crab's claws off with a stick, but the crab retained hold of the rat with the other, and in a few- minutes squeezed it to death. A crab has been known to squecse men to death by cholera morbus, but the rat was not taken in thi.^ way. We should be more merciful on the crab now that he has appeared in the role of a rat-trap, for which by the way, he seems admirably adapted by his build. 552 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i (^ ANCIERS' IJOUBNALAND^OULTKY^pXCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Kaub, Associate Editor. Published Weekly, at 39 Horth Nintli Street, PhiladelpMa. SrBSCRIPTIOX PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, by mail, U. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. THE NEW STANDARD. By editorial notice and advertisement in the Poultry World, of September 1st, we notice that the New Standard has been issued and for sale at that oflSce. Will the Secretary of the A. P. A. please explain why this partiality, as the orders from this ofSce have not been received up to time of going to press ? NAME EKQUESTBD. "We have received several letters from applicants for ap- pointments for judges by the A. P. A., at the late New York meeting (whose applications were deferred for future consideration), who express considerable disappointment because the name of the applicant " peremtorily rejected " was withheld from publication. They consider the name should be published in order to shield them from suspicion, and remove any unpleasant doubts. It is due both to them and their endorsers, otherwise they are left in a most un- pleasant position, subjecting them to remark. The pro- ceedings were published as furnished to the Journal, and we think the name was withheld for a magnanimous reason, and we have no doubt the Executive Committee will readily see the nature of the demand, and in justice to the parties concerned, comply with their request. POULTRY AND EGGS FOR THE CENTENNIAL. A VISIT to the centennial buildings and grounds a few days since, while it delighted us vastly with the fine appear- ance of the structures and the very beautiful and appropriate nature of the location, also impressed us with the vastness of the concourse that will, without doubt, assemble there during the exhibition. In a conversation with one of the gentlemen connected with the Centennial Commission, we were informed that the estimated number of visitors will not be less than nine millions. Of course, this number of people will not be present in any one day, but upon this number they base their calculations for the continuance of the exhibition, and during this period the temporary increase of population of the city will not average less than one hundred thousand daily, who must be fed and otherwise cared for from sources beyond the usual place of supply. Thousands who live in the near-by towns will be here for one or more meals each day, breakfasting and lodging at home, thus contributing to the demand for edibles. Now it occurs to us, that, in this condition of affairs, there exists an opportunity for some of our many experienced fanciers, possessed of the necessary energy, with a few hundred dollars ready money, to secure a very handsome sum in connection with our favorite pur- suit. The demand for poultry and eggs during the spring and summer of 1876, will be enormous and continual, as they enter largely into both the necessities and luxuries of life, and while the increased supplies demanded by the exigencies of the occasion of almost every description have been dis- cussed and provided for, the supply of chickens and eggs will remain mainly dependent upon the ordinary channels, and we opine that they will be found entirely inadequate. To rent, near the city, a few acres of suitable land and erect the necessary buildings thereon to properly house a few hundred fowls, would not run largely into money, even were the houses, or a portion them, so arranged as to permit the bringing out broods as early as January (by heating the premises in some economical way), and we have no doubt of the great profit that would result therefrom. While standard fowls need not be purchased for this purpose, yet it would be wisdom to select the variety best adapted to attain the end sought, viz., eggs and fowls that early acquire size for table use, not forgetting that the chief de- mand for both will be during the months of June, July, August and September. During the last three of these months eggs are rarely plenty and bring good prices at ordinary times, and we may reasonably anticipate they will command better when the consumption is so materially increased. And although we fail as yet to hear what progress has been made by our Centennial Committee, still so good is the opportunity for a grand exhibition of poultry, that we feel assured that our fanciers will yet rally their forces and come forward with some of the really fine stock that we know is in the country, and thus afford a chance for a large additional profit in the sale of pure bred fowls, and this is another reason for adhering to purity of breed in an undertaking of the nature suggested. The money is in it, gentlemen, and we await the coming man whose energ}' and experience shall guide the dollars into his own posession — his by right of foresight and decision — enjoyably his, being won in the practice of the fancy we all enjoy. Now is the accepted time, and while these very days ought to bear their propor- tionate burden of preparation, yet there is time enough to secure the stock needed from the hatch of '75, time enough to erect the buildings and get everything en train for winter, and room enouarh too for all who dare to win. A Spunky Hen. — The San Francisco Post says Mr. Stirling, the sexton of Calvary Church, is the possessor of a remarkable hen, and relates the following incident in the life of that sagacious fowl. She brought out a brood of chickens the other day, which event created considerable excitement and festivity in the colony of rats, which at once commenced a system of plunder, contenting themselves with a chick and a half for dinner daily. The hen stood this massacre of innocents for a day or two, but yesterday morn- ing, as a sleek rat, grown insolent from living high on the toothsome chicks, skulked along in the neighborhood of a chicken which was trifling carelessly with a crust of bread, the wrath of the mother was aroused. She flew at the rat, pounced on him, caught him by the back, and, carrying the robber to a tub full of water, dropped him into it with a revengeful "cluck." The rat was drowned and the brood has since been free from the raids of surviving rodents. FANCIEKS' JOURNAL AND POULTEY KXCHANGK. 553 CoF^F^ESfOfJDEfJCE. Kditou Pancikus' Journal : 'I'he folks up hero in Jareoy would bo glad to learn somc- lliinjj uioi'o about tlio " Zoolngical Gardens." "Whether 1 here have been any addilional animals brought in lately ; luul how to proceed to visit the Oardoift from foot of Wal- nut Street, or any other convenient or public point; and, il' s(i, will you please communicate through the Fanciera' .li,)inial'l Many Keadkks. [Tlir soc'iniy is ccintinuHlly making additions to its colloc- licm, also improving the grounds and erecting new build- ings in ]in^pariilion for tin! coming winter. Wo should advise you on landing at VValnut Street wharf to walk up to Second and Arch Streets, about live squares; take the Arch Street cars ; ask for a ticket for the Zoological Gardens, for which forty cents will be charged ; this will pay car-fare both ways, also a short steamboat ride on the Schuylkill to and from the Gardens, and admit the bearer to the Gardens. Hy this route you will get a good view of Girard Avenue Bridge, one of the linest ever built; also the Fairniount IJridge, which has two roadways, one above the other; also a good view of Fairniount Water Works and the machinery used for pumping. — Ed.] our english correspondence. Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir: I inclose cuttings from the Live Stock Journal on the question of "inheritance of peculiarities." If any more proof were required of insolence and presumption on the part of Mr. Lewis Wright, these extracts supply it. His tirst attack was an insult to Dr. Baily and Americans in general. In his peculiar dictatorial review of a Manchester fancier's letter, he presumes that because some former En- glish letters to the Fanciers' Journal were written by Major Cryer, therefore Major Cryer is the " Manchester Fancier ;" and to further show his imperial authority, writes : " If we bo wrong in assuming that the above eftusion is from the same pen, we will readily accept and publish a denial." I suppose JIajor Cryer, like most of us, does not recognize the supreme authority of Mr. Lewis Wright's mandates, as, so far, no reply of any kind has appeared ; but the next week after the appearance of the above, Mr. Lewis Wright pronounces his judgment, by assuming, iu the absence of denial, that JIajor Cryer did write the letter. Further, Mr. Wright drags in something about unau- thorized reports of the Northern Counties Colunibarian Society. The writer of this is a member of said Society, and was glad to see a report of its meetings in as many papers as possible, but the only unauthorized report of any account which was published of that Society was published in the Fanciers' Oazelte, and I know that Major Cryer had nothing to do with it. Mr. Wright says. May 28, in reference to Dr. Baily: " We make the proviso to credibility advisedly, having more than once had painful experience of the recklessness of Ameri- cans when under the temptation to state something sensa- tional." The meanness of the above paragraph is too palpable to need much notice. Mr. Wright probably makes a general condemnation on account of a few special cases ; and cause for a similar retort on Englishmen could be found in any number of the Live Stock Journal, which advertises Antwubp Mouino PioKO!C8, fljrlng a iiilli; [xir minute, for carrying rauuagi'K, match and ■wii«[Mtak'i(ra|ili ; Htauipcd hlrdu liuportvil from tlic bvil lufu iu Uclijlum, .'(«. t'ucli, or :jOi. per : "NATIONAL canine SOCIETY AND THE 'KANCIER.S' GAZETTE.' " You were good enough to insert a letter of mine on a recent occasion ; may I ask a similar favor for this; and the more so, as it has been refused insertion by the editor of Iho Livp. Stock Journal atid Fanciers' Oaieite. " This gentleman has for several months been amusing himself by writing the most atrocious falsehoods respecting myself, and imputing to me what the following will disclose: " On January 22, 1875, he imputed to me all sorts of dis- reputable things, and compared the perpetrator of them to that delightful animal, the skunk. I fail to see any resem- blance; but I will not discuss the propriety or dignity of such a term when used by the editor of a reputed respectable pa- per. The same gentleman, on a former occasion, colled two well-known fanciers and exhibitors ' tailors' and ' tape- worms.' " Here is the letter he refused to insert. Its truth I vouch for by a sworn declaration before a commissioner in chancery, and of which this is an extract: " I do solemnly and sincerely declare tliat the statements which were made by the editor of the Lire Slock Journal and fbnciers' GiiztUe, in that paper, on the 22d .Tanuarv and 23d and 30lh July, IST.j, upon a letter sifnod "Anti-Swindle," of 'which I am the writer, arc scandalously false. And I make this declaration, .^c. " Declared this seventh day of August, 187.">, before me, "TUURSTOS G. Dale, "A Commissioner to Administer Oaths in Chancery in England." Moral: Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones. Anotuer Manchester Fancier. BLACK LIST. Eben p. Day, late Secretary of the West Uazleton Build- ing Association, was arrested a few weeks since and held to answer the charge of embezzlement at the September term of Court in Wilkesbarro. Now that he is wanted for trial he is not to be found. The amount embezzled is reported at §2500. [We clip the above from the Public Ltdgar, of this city, of September 2. It will be remembered by our readers, that some two or three weeks ago wo spoke very highly of Mr. Day, his dealings with this office always being business- like and his indebtedness promptly liquidated. — Ed.] From letters which we are continually receiving, it docs not seem to be generally known that Edward T. M. Sim- mons h:id absconded. It was alleged that he was a defaulter to the Oil City Savings Bank to the amount of $7000, and to the loan and building association to the amount of $3000. Judging from the amount of bills sent in since we published Mr. Simmons' notice, he must have conductcEEPHIA, will upply News Dealers throughout the United States with the Fanciers^ Toumal^ at the lowest wholesale rates; after this date it can be had at any of the news stands throughout the country. Single copy, 10 cents. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCnAN"GE. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER l(i, 1875. No. 37. COUSINS IN WEDLOCK. DARWIN ON INTERMARRIAQES BETWBBN KIKST COUSINS. A LATB number of tho Forlnightly Review contains an article, by Mr. George Darwin, on " Marriages Between First Cousin:^," givini; tlio results of some researches he has recently made among tlio first-cousin marriages of the upper classes of Kngtand. There arc incidentally brought out some statistics worth repeating, such as that in every 70 mar- riages in England, one is a Smith j in 76, a Jones; in 115, a Williams; in 148, a Taylor; in 168, a Davis; in 174, a Brown ; in 520, a Griffiths. In fact, it is upon these pro- portions of fifty of tho commonest names he bases all his succeeding calculations. Having found 10 per cent, of the marriages between people of the same names, he determines what per cent, of these are marriages between first cousins, and again what proportion the.se bear to those between first cousins of ditt'erent names. His investigations he confines to Burke's " Peerage " and tho landed gentry of Ireland and England, and discovers 57 per cent, of the same name first-cousin marriages, which is his first factor. His second ho secures through circulars mailed to the same classes, provided with blanks to be filled, taking care to avoid receiving the same information through dift'orent channels; and though the statistics ho receives manifestly must have been incomplete, ho fools warranted in taking 2| per cent, as the proportion of ditforent named first-cousin marriages. From lliese he determines that the proportion of first-cousin marriages to all other marriages is 4J per cent., a percentage slightly increased among the upper classes and lowered among the common people. He then proceeds to the asylums to discover whether such marriages are injurious. In this inquiry ho seems to have been very ably seconded by the physicians, but his table of observations appended are not very satisfactory. The testi- mony of tho physicians varies, but preponderates against the popular belief. Dr. Howden goes so far as to say ; " Neither in insanity nor in any abnormal propensity do two plus two make four; there is always another factor at work neutralizing intensification and bringing things back to tho normal." On tho other hand Dr. Criehton Brown says that two plus two make nioro than four, and that even persons of similar temperaments should not marry. The investigation, Mr. Darwin thinks, showed that, in lunatic and idiot asylums, probably between 3 and -( per cent, of tho patients are tho children of first cousins, and in the case of deaf mutes there is no evidence that tho percentage is anv greater than that of the general population. Concerning tho death-rato of the children of first mar- riages, Mr. Darwin turned again to tho "Peerage," and in a careful examination of the thirty-seven families, too small a total upon which to base satisfactory statistics, there re- mained but the shadow of evidence that the children of first-cousin marriages possess a slightly lo\ycrcd vitality, which under favorable conditions would show no ill effects. This, he says, is in accordance with his father's experiments with inbred plants which suffer no deterioration when allowed plenty of good soil and room, but perish or become stunted in competition with other plants. Finally, his opin- ion is that while certain maladies do take hold more easily of the oft'spring of fir.'t-cousin marriages, the evil has been vastly overrated. ■VVhilo Mr." Darwin has written an article, Mr. Huth, undeterred by the difficulties which have beset marriage with even tho deceased wife's sister, has written a book, " Marriage of Near Kin Considered with Respect to the Laws of Nations: the Kesults of Experience the Teachings of Biology," with a view directly to legislation. In this gentleman's opinion existing prohibitions are but relics of asceticism. The first part of tho work is hsitorical. Ho quotes Jeremy Taylor, who saj's the earlier the times tbo more liberty there was of marriage with kin, and passes in review Egypt, where a man might marry his sister ; Persia, where it was honorable to marry his mother, and the Isle of Wight, where a man is permitted to marry his niece. Of the general theory that the marriages of blood relatives are injurious, it is his opinion that evils have been hastily accounted for in that way because they could not bo satisfac- torily explained otherwise. Mr. Huth follows Mr. Darwin's experiments among plants and the lower animals, but arrives at different conclusions. The benefits of crosses he regards rather as removing inherited diseases — it is negative, not positive. In his view there are no grounds for believing consanguineous marriages injurious, while the tendency of restriction on general grounds is hurtful, and he insists that it is not advisable to extend the prohibition against marriage bej'ond the third collateral degree, and to permit all mar- riages of affinity except in the direct ascending and descend- ing lines. TREATMENT FOR SNAKE-POISONING. A REPORT on the subject of snake-poison and snake- poisoning, by the committee appointed to investigate the subject has recently appeared. The commission was com- posed of Dr. Ewart, president, and 3tr. Vincent Richards, and Dr. CouU Mackenzie. Previous experiments by Drs. Fayrer and Lauder Hrunton has led to the inference that tho life of men or animals, poisoned by Indian snakes, might be prolonged or saved by moans of artificial res- piration. It had been ascertained that by this means the heart could bo kept beating for hours after all other signs of life had ceased, just as in poisoning by ourari. It was known that in the latter the animal in most instances re- 558 FANCIERS' JODENAL AND POXJLTET EXCHANGE. covered, if life could be kept up sufficiently long by artifi- cial means to allow of the elimination of the poison, and it was imagined the same might happen in the case of cobra venom. Hence the experiments in Calcutta, the results of which are given in this report. The first point the commission set themselves to deter- mine was how long life could bo preserved, by artificial respiration alone, after the injection of graduated quantities of the poison ; next, by respiration coupled with the admin- istration of such remedies as liquor ammoniaa, morphia, and strychnia ; and lastly, the comparative lethal powers of Australian and Indian snakes, and the efl"ects of intraven- ous injection of ammonia in poisoning by them. The quantitj- of poison expelled at a single bite of the cobra is over 'thirteen grains of the liquid and five of the dried virus, and usually the respiration ceases in an animal that has been bitten in forty-two minutes. But the period may be extended to ten hours and forty-one minutes by ar- tificial respiration. Different quantities were then injected under the skin, and the ordinary periods after which res- piration ceased were prolonged in each case very consider- ably. In one case the respiration was not commenced till four hours and twenty minutes after the injection of half a grain, and when the animal was convulsed and insensible. Almost immediately the dog gave signs of consciousness, and continued so for nearly three hours when a relapse oc- curred ; it died in thirty hours and forty minutes after the injection. But in all cases, though life was prolonged, the animals died. The second series of experiments — of artificial respiration together with the administration of the remedies — were even less favorable. Most of the drugs tried were found useless. Indeed they, as well as the transfusion of ammonia, appeared to hasten rather than retard death. The reputation of cer- tain antidotes, it is suggested, is due rather to the fact that the dose of poison was only sufficient to cause serious symp- toms but not death, and accordingly the recovery has been set down to this antidote. As to the comparative effects of diflFerent snake-poisons, that of Eussell's viper (Dahoia) is neither so powerful in its action nor so fatal as that of the cobra, while the Indian cobra is from six to twelve times more fatal than the Australian. Hence the effect of intravenous injection of ammonia as an antidote has been found more efTective in the case of the latter. Indeed, in India the experiment has been uni- formly unsuccessful in man, while in animals it seems to have done more harm than good, by promoting probably the absorption of the poison. In the case of a large dog, into which the whole of the venom of a tiger snake had been injected, and which recovered without any important symp- toms, the ammonia treatment was not used. On the other hand, according to the Australian Argus, a meeting of the Medical Society of Victoria was recently held at Melbourne, for the purpose of considering the in- travenous method of injecting ammonia proposed by Dr. Halford. A letter was read from that gentleman, in which he expressed his belief in the efficacy of his treatment. Dr. Bowen pointed out the direct opposition between the opinions of Drs. Halford, Neild, and Wooldridge, on the one hand, and the results of the Indian Commission referred to above on the other, and among his concluding remarks he ex- pressed his belief in ammonia as the best form of stimulant, and that its intravenous injection was the best method of administering it. In the end it was resolved to appoint a sub-committee for the purpose of conducting a series of ex- periments independently of Professor Halford, and to be commenced as soon as possible. — Land and Water. PodLTF^Y DEpy^F^TiviErlT. (For Fanciers' Journal.) PETE SMILEY ON THE "EXCHANG COLUM." Mister Wade : Es Mister Flour an sum moar hev gin yew thar experiance ov ther " exchang colum," i thot it mite B interestin tew sum on yeur reeders ef i wur to tell mi luck in swappin, so heer go's. "Won da last spring Sam Peko kum over tew mi place an wantid tew bi sum aigs fur hatchin, but sed he bed no muny, but wood gin me a pear ov Angorer Eabbits fur a settin. "Wall, seeing that Sam's a purty good feller, an es i bed no orders fur aigs (an wen yew hev no orders $5 aigs haint wuth but 30 cts. per doz.), i let him hev em an tuck ther Rabbits. "Wall, then i kunsultid ther "exchang colum " and swaped ther Rabbits fur a dorg. Es sune es I got thet dorg hum Zip Koon sez tew me, " Pete, i'll gin yer a good dubble barril gun fur thet Houn." "Agreed," sez i, fur i noed whar i cood git red ov ther gun. I swapped ther gun fur anuther pear of Rabbits ; tbees wur big uns an bed years es long es a Jackass. "Wall, wunce more i went fur ther " exchang colum " an swapped them long- yeared Bunnies fur anuther splendid dubble barril'd gun. Naow thet gun es pernaounced bi good jedges to be wuth §35 cash. Ets a tip-top shuter ; i tried it on a thomus kat wat kerried orf sum ov mi chickuns, an sir thomas " sleeps neeth ther ole harbor tree." Naow, yer see. Mister Wade, ther buty of this thing is thet Sam Peko got his aigs an is pleased ; thet other feller wat got the Angorer's he didn't want ther dorg, but wantid ther Rabbits ; Zip Coon bed a gun he didn't want, but he wus in want ov a good Houn dog, he got him an is happie as a clam in hi water. Another feller bed a good gun thet he hed no use fur, but wantid Rabbits with years as long as a mule er a jackass ; i ackomerdated him an he went on his wa rejoicin. So yer see fer a settin ov aigs wuth 30 cts., i hev got a $35 gun, an evryboddy is per- feckly satisfide. Tours feelinly, Pete Smiley. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE FOWLS, OR A HEIFER? BY SPANGLE. Here is a brief narrative of fact which comes to me from undoubted authority, but which is so natural (in these days of young chicken-lovers) that I publish it with the greater satisfaction, and simply omit the real names of the parties concerned out of courtesy to those interested in the pleas- ant affair. A city merchant went into the suburbs to reside, a dozen miles from Albany, last year. "When he got settled there, he had not a very large place, and so could keep but little live-stock. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 659 Tho cliildron — two Inds of fourtoon and sixteen — had thoir dog and lop-oared rabbits ; tho daughter, lior 'fincli and canary; tho lady, her aquarium; and tho father had his horso. Thcro was a small outbuilding upon tho premises, and it was suggested that this should be occu)iied with a flock of fancy chickens or an Alderney heifer ; and it was put to a family vote, which should bo purchased. The gentleman argued that the cow would be the most proHtablo. She would cost $120. Ho know where he could got one, th(!n just after calving, that would give them eight quarts of milk a day. " This would bo so nice," agreed tho economically disposed wife. But the three children wanted tho fancy chickens. Carrie could tend them ; tho boys would fix the house up nicely for thoir accommodation ; they would lay lots of eggs (which were as desirable as milk), and would not cost half so much to feed ; they could raise chickens by tho score — and all to better profit in dollars and cents than with the cow. Thoy voted, and a majority of one, in favor of tho chickens, decided the matter. Tho $120 were invested in thirteen prime Light Brahma fowls, a year old — a cock and twelve hens. They were put into their clean, bright quarters in March, and the oldest lad kept an account of tho results from breeding them ten months, up to January, 1875. This was what eventuated — debit and credit. Dr. To Food purchased, eight months, $20 80 Bone-meal and scraps, 2 12 Sulphur, keroseoe, and turnips, .... 1 GO Laths, nails, and slats — for coops, .... 2 45 Original cost of thirteen fowls, .... 120 00 $146 97 Cr. By 136 dozen eggs used, @ 30 cents, .... $40 80 40 chickens eaten, @ 60 cents, 24 00 12 chicks — 4 cocks, 8 pullets — sold for breed- ers, ® $4, ■ 48 00 21 best fowls kept over, worth $3 each, . . 63 00 $175 80 The cow would have cost $2 a week to keep ; her first cost would have been $120. Her milk would not have been worth over thirty dollars more than her cost to keep; and so it was esteemed a better way to buy their milk, and have tho Brahmas instead of the cow. Pecuniarily, this turned out much the more profitable; and this year, from the " twenty-one best fowls kept over," tho boys have as handsome a flock of sixty-five chicks as can bo found in the State of New York, in addition to all their older laying fowls— some of which, no doubt, will bo seen and noted at the next season's shows. Thus the question at the head of this article is answered. The boys did not receive " fancy prices" for their choice chickens; nor did thoy reckon those on hand, at S3 each, above their value. But tliey thus paid all cost.< and ex- penses, and had a value of about $30 left after all, tho first year. Not bad for young beginners ? A LANDLADY, who had some very weak chicken broth for dinner the other day, was asked by one of her boarders if she couldn't coax that chicken to wiide through that soup once more. (For Fancleri' Joarnal.) LATE CHICKENS. Editor Fan^F^TIVIE[Jj and TOUNa EOLK'S CORNER. (Reported for Fanciers' Journal.) ARRIVALS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, For the week ending September 8, 1875. 1 Elying Squirrel [Sciurus volucella). Presented by G. K. Still, Philadelphia. 1 Linnet (Fringila cannabina). Presented by C. H. Taylor, Philadelphia. 1 Gray Squirrel {Sciurus Carolinenses). Presented by Mrs. Comegys, Philadelphia. 1 Golden Eagle (Aquila Cryscetos). Presented by H. Pear- son, Philadelphia. 2 Virginia Deer [Cervtcs Virgvnianus). Presented by W. Nutt, Virginia. 1 Salt-water Terrapin {Ptychemy concinna). Presented by J. Pearsall, Philadelphia. 1 Bittern [Ardea vive7iscens). Presented by Master D. G. Merrit, Philadelphia. 1 Woodchuck [Arctomys monax). Presented by John Eoley, Philadelphia. 3 Black Ducks [Odemia nigra). Presented by E. Abbot, Philadelphia. 1 Cardinal Grosbeak (Ptylus cardinalis). Presented by L. Snyder, Philadelphia. 1 Plying Squirrel [Sciurus volucella). Presented by Master C. W. Miller, Pa. 1 Bail-bird [Porzana cardinensis). Presented by J. C. Crosthwaite, Philadelphia. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. answer to " many readers." Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir: In your paper of the 9th ult., " Many Read- ers " desires to know something about the Philadelphia " Zoo," and whether there have been any animals brought in lately, etc. These questions in the paper of that date, you answer in a general way ; but, thinking your " Many FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. r>Tj Boadors " would likou moro niinuto statement to appear in your valuablo Journal, I send herewith a few notes, which, if yon tliink wortli a place, please publish them. The latest wonders of the Zoo are two Sea-cows [Mana- lec.i), just placed on exhibition, and will bo found in the north wing of the Carnivora House, in a tank or box 10 x 12 feet in size, two sides of which are glass, with capacity for holding six and a half tons of water. Those strange ma- rines came to us from Guiana, S. A., are about half grown, and weigh over 300 pounds each ; moaauro from four to live foet in length, and in girth over three feet. They subsist on grasses found in the salt and fresh waters, and should tliese run short, lettuce, vegetable marrows, and such greens answer for food. They are reall_v very curious animals, and are alone worth a visit to the garden. But a single spoei- laen has ever been seen on exhibition in this country before. Those are only a single item of what the society is con- tinually receiving, and perhaps I could not interest " Many Iviiaders " moro than by giving a list of a single week's ad- ditions, as taken from the diary of the Superintendent. Arrivals for the week ending September 8, 1875: One spreading adder, eight white-headed geese, one Brant (can you tell me whore the homo of this bird really is? it has never been clearly determined, I think), one banded rattle- snake, three dusky ducks, two alligators, one Virginia deer, one green heron, one screech owl, one|pea-hen, one horned frog, one woodehuck, and one rail-bird— all of whicli seem at once to have taken kindly to the Garden, and accepted tile situation. Incidents of much interest are continually taking place ; as, for instance, one of the ostriches met with a strange and dangerous accident on the 9th ult., which maj- be the cause of its death. The huge bird was going through one of its strange exorcises — enjoying to the highest degree, appar- ently, one of its strange national dances — when its neck caught on the topof one of the iron-rods which form the fence, cutting in its throat a perpendicular gash, long and deep. Captain Thompson at once sowed up the wound and applied a plaster, but since then tho poor bird has been unable to take its food without force, and the fear is that before the wound can heal tho patient will starve to death. Wo hope not, however, as the bird is not only a great curiosity, but highly valuable, it costing tho society upwards of $1000. The huge TrapiiJ. (elk deer), the tirst one placed in the Garden, " laid him down and died " a few days ago, and the Zoo coroner declared it a case of old ago ; indeed, the poor deer's teeth had all worn down so to smoothness, that it could no longer chow its food. Tho Carnivora Uouse is fast arriving at completion (see Junrnal, No. 3-1 page 521) — tho rachydcrmata House also; which, when finished, will not only bo a most comfortable home for the thick-skins, but one of tho greatest architectural ornaments of the grounds. Tho now and spacious restaurant is well under way, which, by contract, must bo linished before Christmas. In the lake (skating park in winter) may now bo seen tho beauti- ful swans, white and black, as well as the splendid Canada goeso with several of their kit and kin. A tasteful iron railing has been placed around tho lake, on tho outsido of which, in due time, will bo formed a path, serving as one more delightful promenade. To your list of routes to the Garden from "Walnut Street wharf, you may add the Vine Street line of cars, which runs over the upper deck of tho Spring Garden Street bridge direct to Thirty-Fifth Street, thence by pass (one fare) to tho soutli boundary of the Garden. Thirty cents jiuys for two car tickets and one ticket to tho Garden. Visitors to tho Zoo would greatly enhance the pleasure, as well as tho interest of their visit, by providing themsolvcs with a "Guide and Iland-Book," which gives a short and concise history of the Garden and its contents. It will bo found a good book for the home and the children, a* well as for tho Garden, as it is the contents of several large vol- umes of Natural History, boiled down to suit the time, place, and capacity of all. It may ho had of tho agents in tho Garden, at the small prico of twenty cents — the cheap- est ;nc<(«'6' book on record. In conclusion, should you de- sire a Zoo item now and then for your Journal, I should bo most happy to furnish the same. Yours, etc., Huo.v. [We are sure our young folks, as well as ourself, will ever welcome " Huon " to our columns. The subject on which he writes so well will never wear out. Let us have the "Zoo Items " occasionally by all means. — Ed.] (ForFanciors'.I..iiriKiI.) SILK-WQRMS AND SILK INDUSTRIES. BY ANDREW SUGDEN. Keeling — Part 3. As soon as the cocoons are made and the chrysalis destroyed, b^' means of heat, they are salable merchandise, and first pass into the hands of the reelors, whose specialty it is to draw tho threads from the cocoons and put it into a convenient form for the manufacturer, — that of putting it into circular bands, or what are termed skeins, weighing generally from ono to two ounces ; the size of these skeins range from about forty inches to seventy, according to tho local method where they are made; they are then tied up with two strings of waste silk, and folded up in a twisted manner and baled for transportation. The quality and evenness of the thread greatly depends upon the skill and diligence of the roeler. As the cocoons vary considerably in strength and thickness as well as quality, they are first sorted, as each class is required to be treated in water of difierent temperature, as well as regulating the speed in winding. A larger quantity of good, sound, plump cocoons can be reeled in a given time, than torn or lacerated ones, white or yellow, which tint is easily removed in course of manufacture. Before unwind- ing, tho first process is to remove tho fleecy covering called lloss, which is dexterously done by inserting an instrument at one end, being careful not to injure the filaments under- neath ; they are then put in boilers or vats half filled with water, and heated to the requisite temperature by a wood or charcoal fire underneath, or immersed in steam, as is now extensively practiced in Europe, for tho purpose of loosening the gum. On account of the extreme delicacy of tho thread several are wound together, which easily adheres when united ; several skeins or hanks are generally made together on an elongated cylinder, fixed in a strong wooden frame and turned by a crank ; as the cocoons run out or break, others are attached in their place. A bar fastened length- wise over tho vat contains holes or eyelets, through which the separate cocoon threads are introduced, ranging from two to Ihirt)-, according to the size of thread required ; these are all united in another eyelet nearer the reel, which, besides uniting the threads, acts as guide to the skein being wound. "\Vhei\ the hanks are finished and dried the reel is caused to collapse by a little contrivance being disjointed so as to easily 580 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. allow of the skeins being removed. The first half of a cocoon is much coarser than the latter part, which requires more care on the part of the reelers or their hands, who are gen- erally women and girls, to have the threads well balanced to produce an even thread throughout the whole length of the skein. This determines to a great extent the value of the silk, for if it is knotty and foul it is not very desirable for the weaver, and although it may have taken more time to reel will also take more time to clean and weave, and never produces as smooth a fabric. The French and Italian silk generally commands the highest price, on account of their being the cleanest and most regular. Like every other branch of work in silk, reeling needs much experience to secure dex- terity and good judgment. Another important feature in reeling the silk has been discovered and taught us by the worm, and that is, not to lay the thread on the reel in straight lines, but transversely; the latter mode greatly facilitating the operation of winding, or transferring on to spools afterwards. In Part 2, we referred to the manner in which the worm laid the filament in the cocoon with a backward and forward motion of the head. After the silk leaves the reeler it is called raw silk, and sold at from $6 to $12 per pound, and sometimes more. On its first advent in Europe it was sold weight for weight in gold. Some Titrtle. — A pair of Aldabra tortoises are reported on exhibition in London, that may be set down as the big- gest of the species yet chronicled. The male weighs about 800 pounds; the length of his shell is five feet five inches (in a straight line), the width five feet nine inches ; circum- ference of the shell, eight feet one inch ; circumference of fore leg, one foot eleven inches, and of hind leg, one foot six inches ; length of head and neck, one foot nine inches ; width of head, six inches. The female is much smaller. The length of her shell is three feet four inches, the width three feet ten inches, and the circumference five feet four inches. E. S. EI.I.WAKGER Eoehester, N. Y., will exchange one S S Jr-oland cock, and three hens, one pair Golden Polands, one Eumpiess cock ; also, one Shepherd dog, one B. M. Trumpeter cock, and one B B hen— for fancy pigeons. Mine are good, same expected HABKX K. WEXSH, York, Pa., has to exchange, a Setter dog liver and white, six months old, for fancy pigeons ; Capped Fantails prl- ferred, white or red. Also, one Red Swallow cock to exchange for Pouter hen ; must he 18 inches in length ; stock must be good. What oflers ' J. T. BEI.!,, Franklin, Pa., has an Allen six-shot revolver, old style, in good order, valued at $7, to exchange for " Cooper's Game Fowl " and suhscription to any good poultry paper, or pair of B. K. Game hens or pullets. A. M. CAKET, Selinsgrove, Pa., will exchange choice, early. Brown Leghorn cockerels (Kinney's stock), and B. E. Game stags (Stone'sstock), for first-class L. Brahma, D. Brahma, or Houdan pullets K. S. DUDI/EX, Newport, N. H., will exchange Heathwood Games, Irom the Lowell stock, for single work harness, or " Cooper's Game Fowl " or, "The American Fruit Culturist." Write ' ED. P. CAKPEJf TEB, Mendota, 111., would-like to exchange 16 yare bred Dark Brahma fowls for a pair of Gordon Setter pups, male and female, or an A-No.-l bitch. These birds are very fine, the sire of some °^^'\'"^"?l imported from Wragg, by Daniel Allen, of Gait, Ont., and sold to Todd for $40 ; I purchased him from Todd ; some of the birds I offer cost me from 8s to $20 each. J. F. SCHAFEEB, Macungie, Pa., will exchange one cock and lour hens, S. S. Hamburgs, first premium fowls at Lehigh Poultry Fair January, 1875, for anything but live stock. Make offers immediately ' ^ H'^.r Cf EVEJLABfl), MiUington, Mass., will exchange one trio of G. b. Polish for Golden or Silver-Pencilled Hamburgs, American Doml- niques, or Dominique Leghorns. G. \r. eiiETElAWB, Millington, Mass., will exchange a good work harness, nearly new, for fine fowls, pigeons, or rabbits. G. W. CIETEIAWD, Millington, Mass., will exchange a one- horse power treadmill, nearly new (Byrt's patent), for fine fowls, pigeons, or rabbits. > j- o > ADVEBTISEMENTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discouhts will be made on Pkompt Payments. For three months, 12}^ per cent, discount. " six months 25 " " " nine months 37J^ " " *' twelve months, 50 " " CHANGED AS OFTEjr AS BESIBED. ^ No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the .above heavy discounts will not be made Excbang^es and Wants, limited to 48 words.must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. Vm- Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. NONPAKEIL MeaSUKEMENT. CoutU your lines by this rule, from line to line. ^•'C.^A.TiJUiRTEJi, Washington, N. J., will exchange one pair pure bred American (Eose Comb) Dominique (1874 hatch), for one mod Black Carrier hen. The Dominiques are from N. Guilbert's yards, at Gwynedd, Pa. ' r.^: ^- T.^^^l?'^^**^' Delaware City, Del., will exchange White Fantails, Mottled Trumpeters, Red and Black Jacobins, Red and Yellow Barbs, Turbits, Tumblers, Nuns, and Ring Doves— for Eed, Black, or Yellow Fantails, or White Jacobins. , , v^ G. E. BACON, Eiverside, Conn., will exchange one "Comey" L. Brahma cock, and eight hens, also, one Upham Plymouth Rock cock, and eight hens (Drake's stock)- for a Jersey heifer, or White and Brown Leghorn pullets. •n" "JI'I'EKBEBGEB * SOIT, 69 Clifford St., Providence, E.I. will exchange Ferrets, Black-Eed, Blue-Red, and Dusty-Miller Games- ft °' t b ""r Bocks- for fancy pigeons, or double-barreled shot-gun v^^^'v.^- KKAFT, P. 0. Box 426, New Albany, Ind., will exchange iancy Pigeons, or will give an A No. 1 Dark Brahma cockerel or Hou- oans— for good young mocking birds. J- T-.,BF1>E, Franklin, Pa., has a collection of mineral specimens -lostly silver ores from Colorado, about a hundred and thirty in num- ber, and from one ounce to ten pounds each, the whole weighing about seventy-five pounds, valued at S60 (about half cost), to exchan.-e for one cock and five hens or pullets, B. B. R. Game, or good double shot gun Winchester's improved breech-loading rifle, musical instruments, or F. P. SCO'TT A BBOS., Wrightstown, Bucks County, Pa., have for exchange Silver, Red, Yellow, and Black Owls, Silver-winged Turbits Red Jacobins White Fantails, Black Quakers, Moorcaps, Tumblers al colors. Black Barbs Black Magpies, Pouters, Archangles" White Duchess and Big-eyed Tumblers. ' ■nSi**'* '^**'' Pittsburgh, Penna., will exchange eight young Muscovy Ducks, and an old pair, for any kind of land or water fowls. ExcF|i\rJqES. «®- Advertisements in this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty Eight Words, describing and offering for excbang^e only, WILL BE allowed AT 35 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. WM. G. GORSIAN, Manchester, N. H., will exchange Silver Gray Dorkings (G. H. Warner's strain), for Partridge Cochins, White Lee- horns, White Bantams, or pigeons. What offers? , ?*^ ''''' Peacedale, E. I., has to exchange, Dark Brahma fowls and chicks, lor Better pup or Cocker Spaniel; must be good, as the birds „„^;* EBEABTB, Plymouth, Mass., will exchange six Buff Cochin pullets and one cockerel (S. Merry's strain)-for Aylesbury and Cayu'-a Ducks, the direct progeny of tie first premium birds at Boston, Hart- ford, and Portland Shows. I offer and expect first-class birds vJi^.h*i:'^\ «K<>WN;bACK, Pendleton, Indiana, has to exchange Partridge Cochin chicks for Duckwing Games. What offers? Q B^^i" S'^?^-'^?'"*-''' ^t- Joseph, Mo., has a coek and three hens S. S. Polish, Muffed (the cock is three years old. but an exlra bird), which he desires to exchange for first-class Fancy Pigeons, Colored Fans or Owls preferred. I guarantee satisfaction and expect the same Be WITT CMNTOBf , No. 10 Fourth Avenue, New York City wiU cw^°ff V"^"'' ^t"^. ^^'"1°"' Extension Tables,'made to orderffim- class-for Poultry. Will exchange the tables single, or in a lot. Be WITT CEIBJTON , No. 10 Fourth Avenue, New York City, will exchange one chest of cabinet-maker's tools, worth fco; also, one cherry ' work-bench used by cabinet-makers— for Poultry. »", one Lueny FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCnA:NGE. Vol. II. "iSrOT IFOE, ITSELtF — S XT T IF O S. J^ Xi Ij.' PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER ;30, 1875. No. 39. FAIR LIES. I STOOD on a snow-clad bank, Wlicro tlio summcT wave had flowed, And a silvery path from shore to .shon>, Now, gommod and radiant, glowed. ]{iit the icy jewels shone With a cold and treacherous glow. For a deep, dark pit lurked all unseen, The glittering arch below. I stood on the catarart's brink, Where it laughed its life away, And a rainbow bright as a seraph's crown Danced in the shining spray. But far beneath the spray And below the glorious crown, A whirlpool yawned with jaws of death. An hundred fathoms down. 1 basked in a woman's smile. She was fair as a ebild of ligbt. And her glance was bright as a light-house gleam To a mariner at night. But her heart was chilled and dead, And the smile on her cold, sweet face Was a wrecker's lurid liglit to liini Wlio won her false embrace. — Forest and Stream. THE PURPLE BEECH [Has been a favorite of ours through life. We never see one but we sto)) to aduiire it. We well remember the tirst one we ever saw, when but a child. It was in a garden inclosed by a very high wall, as most English gardens are. Si)uicbow we got tlio impression that it was the tree on which apples grew, but as wo got older wo learned better, but have admired it none the less. Good specimens are too seldom seen in this country. The foliage is not only beautiful in color, but is clean and bright at all seasons. The branches are so artistically formed and different from any other tree, except the common beech. The best specimen we know of in this country, is situated in the centre of one of the finest lawns on the Atlantic seaboard. Tln^ trunk is about 10 or 12 inches in diameter; the branches commence about 41 or a feet from the ground; the head is round and very uniform, v/itb a spread of about -5 to 30 I'eet. The above tree, also one of the finest herds of Black Aldcrny cattle, can be seen on the estate of Col. Henry Thomas, of this city. It is a most beautiful place; nature having e.\hausted itself, which left little for man to do, but that little was tastefully and thoroughly done. In reference to this subject, wo clip the following from that valuable paper, the London Journal of Horticulture. — Ed.] The various tints which deciduous trees assume when in tbo sere and yellow leaf have often enough been a Ibcme both in poetry and in prose, but has not tbo foliage of trees charms at other times sis well? Who has traversed London in spring, and not been enchanted by the fresh green foliage of a Laburnum or Wistaria, perhaps growing against the wall of a residence in an uninviting part of the town, where the very freshness of the new-born foliage contrasts sostrongly with the smoke-eiaincd objects around? and Bomehow tho leaves look fresher there than they do in the country, where other things are less begrimed. But even foliage affords variety, and certainly (luito as manj' tints in the growing season as in the autumn. I will now point out one of tho most ornamental of all our hardy trees, and ask the reason why it is not planted in greater numbers, for its merits in giving diversity to a land- scape are very great. The Purple Beech has, I believe, been known in England for a great many years, examples of it are often met with in shrubberies and lawns, and in all cases that I am aware of it is appreciated ; yet, it is but seldom planted, or when it is, some out-of-the-way place is assigned to it, in order that it may with other trees bide unsightly objects. With this I by no means find fault, provided it has an outside berth, so that its branches may have scope in one direction ; and its beauties will shine in such a place as well as any other. A tree of this kind grouped with others looks remarkably well, and I would always have one or more purple beeches in the front row of any clump or group of trees formed in a park, or wherever ornament was considered — that is, if the soil were at all suitable, and the tree is far from being fastidious in this matter. In ilay, June, and July, when the country is expected to appear in its best garb, the purple becchesi wherever they do exist, are invariably much admired. I do not mean to say an entire plantation would look well, it would be too sombre, but a few trees might be introduced with great advantage. To those who may be dubious of the purple beech attain- ing the dimensions of a tree, I may mention that a specimen in tho grounds at Linton Park, planted, I believe, in 1827, is now one of the finest trees wo have; branches proceed from its stem at about five feet from the ground, and stretch out more than 30 feet in every direction. The spread of its branches in one direction is 73 feet and in another 67, while the circumference of the smallest part of the bole below the branches (and this is above where it had been worked), is 10 feet 10 inches, and the height of the tree must be about 70 feet, the outline being more conical than is usual with beech trees. The situation, fortunately, is open, so that tbo branches have had full scope to sproiid on all sides, the soil dry, and tho subsoil accessible to the roots of trees that strike downwards. As this tree has grown very much durin" the last twenty years, and seems now the picture of health, there is every reason to hope that it will eventuallv attain, or very nearly so (for it rarely happens fancy varieties do so), the proportions of the common beech. Even now it may bo regarded a good specimen, the color of its foliage when it first expands being all that could be desired. I may, however, remark that seedlings from it vary much, none I have yet raised bcinjj so good as the parent. 582 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. HOW CAN I RAISE QUINCES? To this question the Germantown Telegraph says " that they can be raised as easily as apples or pears, in the way we shall describe. There is no secret about it. Get the ' orange ' variety. See that they are entirely free of the borer before Wanting. Set six or eight feet apart in rich soil. Bandage the stem with two or three wrappings of old muslin, or any kind of cloth, as far down in the ground as pos.sible, as the roots start from near the surface. Let this bandage run six or eight inches above ground, then pile the soil compactly a couple of inches around the bandage, and renew this early every spring. Pine, large golden quinces, rivaling the largest oranges, will bless your efforts annually." " Should the borer by any means steal in, ferret them out carefully with a piece of wire. Should they, however, get the advantage of you, and your trees become honey-combed, set out again young trees, so that by the time the old ones are gone the young ones will be finely in bearing. "We have raised these quinces in perfection, but not caring for the fruit they were removed when they were about to die from the operations of the worm." [We have long held the opinion that if fanciers who own the land on which their poultry yards are situated, would plant them with quince trees, they would realize more value from the fruit than from the fowls, which would be greatly benefited by the shade, and in return would make it very uncomfortable for the borer, so much so, that it is our opin- ion the trees would live to a good old age. In the Phila- delphia market this fruit has realized from four to eight dollars per bushel for many years. — Ed.] PodLjF^Y DEpy^F^TiviEflT. WHITE HOUDANS. (Continued from page 561.) well apart, and as white as possible ; all the toes, with the exception of the fifth, firm and straight, but the orthodox fifth, if it must be retained, should curve with an upward tendency, and be quite distinct from the rest; the tail very full, well sickled, and somewhat erect ; an upright carriage will enhance that commanding, graceful, and attractive appearance which the Houdan breed so pre-eminently pos- sesses. The hen should resemble her male companion in contour and carriage ; but her crest be as solid-looking and globular in shape as possible, with an antlered comb similar to the cock, but of larger size than in the ordinary variety, and the wattles also, for the reason already given ; the beard and mufiiing full, but distinct ; in fact, our own conception of what a first-class hen ought to be, is that of one havin bell-shaped form, and hanging somewhat loosely from the under part of the beak ; the beak itself black, as in the cock; a well arched neck ; nice square and deep body, with a fully developed breast ; well formed, but short tliighs and shanks, white in color, and tolerably well apart, as in the male bird, so as not to look out of character with the broad- ness of the body ; feet similar ; and the tail well carried and moderately proportioned. Like the generality of white-plumaged fowls. White Hou- dans appear to prove no exception to the proverbial straw or lemon tint manifesting itself as they mature, but more particularly conspicuous in the neck hackles, shoulders, and saddle of the cock birds, for neither ourselves or others have apparently noticed it so much in the hens. This should be guarded against, as far as it is practicable, by breeding from specimens as free in this respect as it is possible to procure them. But, to infer that a pure rich white is never to be met with in the males, we would not for a moment urge, for a very promising male bird we saw last year, owned by a lady fancier of rising merit, whose plumage betrayed at the com- pletion of his second season scarcely any departure from the white tint so desired. We have said that town yards are not the most suitable for white-plumaged birds, but the variety we are discussing appear to be somewhat harder and closer feathered — judging from what we have seen — than the ordinary spangled fowls, and therefore their plumage is less likely to be affected by a smoky atmosphere than that of white birds perhaps usually is. To keep the plumage in truly white condition, the fowls should not be unnecessarily exposed to the scorching rays of the summer's sun — this, beyond a doubt, influencing the yellowish tinge previously spoken of, and which is .so highly objectionable to all white-plumaged birds of the domestic kind. Covered runs are the best preventive, combined with country roadside grit of a very clean description, for them to dust in. Lime has also been recommended as an addition to the dust bath (its utility in a sanitary sense is evident), but this is, we are convinced, instrumental in pro- ducing the very effect it is desired to prevent. More than one individual breeder of white fowls thus cared for, have, we believe, sent their birds to shows, where they have taken the highest honors without any other preparation whatever ; but we must admit that all white-plumaged fowls certainly appear to greater advantage by a prepara- tory washing. In his practical little work, Mr. J. Long has penned a few brief remarks respecting this operation, which, although so frequently performed, is seldom carried out effectually. He says, " White birds may be well washed in a large pan of hot soap suds. The bird should be thor- oughly immersed, well lathered with yellow soap, rinsed in cold water (tepid in winter), and placed in a basket of clean straw before a good fire. When we say ' well washed,' wo mean it ; some persons have an idea that it is necessary only to scrub the bird's legs, and sponge down his hackle, saddle, wings, etc., with a sponge or flannel which has been well soaped; this is a mistake, as the bird usually looks worse for his cleaning. The bath should be made to the consis- tency of a washwoman's suds, and the fowl bodily immersed ; let him stand in it during the operation, and when he is well lathered with the soap, the hand may be well rubbed into the fluff, passed amongst the feathers of the cushion (if a hen), and well worked over the breast, hocks, etc. Some fanciers use a small, moderately hard brush for the hackle, using it well soaped, and brushed downwards over the feather. In drying, it is well to place the hamper a foot above the ground, that the heat may get under the bird. PANCTIUIS' JOUUNAF; AND POULTRY HX CHANGE. 583 EviMi wlion IlKiroiinlily clc^im llic wc't foiiMiiM-s ludk dirty, iind only displiiy tlicir vvliitfii(!ss wlioii yielding to the gcn- tli! Iidit tlioy upon out into tlioir norniiil form." Tlio undernientionod piirticiilnrs respecting this variety Imve been very kindly forwarded by a gentleman whom wo Miuy observe is a fancier of great celebrity, but whose name we are not authorized to mention. Tliey probably will be rend with some det|;reo of interest, and it is to be regretted that the sequel proved so unfortunate, for the endeavor would appear to have given hopeful promise of far more )irosperous results. Our correspondent writes thus: — " My lirst (!.Npi'rii'ncf of White Houdans was amongst a brood of ncnvly-hutelicd (■liieUens, when I was surprised to observe that one of the little ones presented a marked con- trast to the black and whitish-yellow furred appearance of the others, which characterizes the Houdnn in its incipient stage, for it more closely resembled a canary in color than anything else, and I at once concluded that an egg from one of my cross-brcds bad got mixed with those of my Hou- dans, and hatched accordingly. Knowing, however, that from the care I bad always taken, this could not very well occur, I was rather nonplussed. At all events I left it with the others; and, with the rest of the little ones, it grew apace, throwing out a perfectly pure white plumage, and when full grown certainly presented (at least to my mind) a particularly novel and attractive appearance, being, in fact, as pretty and tame a pullet as it has ever been my lot to meet with. "After a time, being ambitious of propagating a white variety if I po.ssibly could, but not succeeding in procuring an entirely white cock (although I searched 'up hill and down dale' in the endeavor), I matched her at last, with as light a colored cock as I could get, with a full and well- I'urnished crest, etc., which accorded well in this respect with the pullet, but in other details he was only moderate. From this union every egg produced I carefully saved ; but the first batch set were every one spoilt through the vacilla- ting disposition of a borrowed hen. The next lot hatched out very well, but I looked in vain for any canary-colored chickens, such as I had boon anticipating, all tiirning out ordinary-marked youngsters. However, I did not despair, and in the next batch I was at length rewarded by two out of eight chicks, showing the future indications of being qiiUe white, nor was I disappointed. But sad to relate, be- fore my spotless beauties wore of marriageable age, I lost my white hen from misdirected kindness, I verily believe on my part, by over-feeding; for, as I have said, she was a particularly tamo bird, and I seldom went into tho yard without throwing her something. " My hopes now rested on the two pullets, which certainly promised to equal their departed parent; and, being really very good in most points, at the instigation of my old friend, Mr. 15., I was induced to enter them at a forthcoming show. The night previous I washed them well, put them in a ham- per nicely littered with short straw, and strictly, according to tho instructions for poultry exhibition, placed them be- fore the fire to dry. 1 really think that I was that night more solicitous about the birds in the basket than I was about anything else in my life. Before I retired to rest 1 removed them, looking, to my eye, marvelously well, still in their basket, to a nice warm out-house, and engaged a man to call early in the morning to take them to the neigh- boring railway station, whence they were to make their first journey in what I fondly fancied would bo an eventful career. I dreamt thai night that I had founded a now CoU ony with my white birds. In the morning I awoke boforo my usual time; the excitement— it is, perhaps, foolish to admit it — would not suffer me to sleep, and the musings at early dawn wore really a prolongation of my dreams. It is not without a certain amount of grim humor that I now record tho sad termination of them. "I was impatient to got at my birds and start them on their journey — so impatient that before I had barely fin. ished my dress, I sent the servant for the baskets. Pres- ently I heard cries of 'Oh, sir I please, sir! come out directly.' I did not know wliat to think; I hurried out with only one boot on, and the whole weight of cruel disap- pointment and blighted ambition then fell upon me — a cer- tain indescribable confusion in the yard — the open door — the basket turned over — some scattered white feathers, and disturbance of the gravel outside, revealed the catastrophe too plainlj' to me. Some brutal suburban thief had entered my yard and carried off my hopes — alas I too plainly I saw it — with some four other birds. I could, as bereaved folks sometimes say, have foregone all the others, if my two had only been spared mc. I hastily summoned the local police- man ; he found the thiof'.s footprints, told me how he had got in, and how he got out; he reported the case, called again upon me, but brought me no tidings of the thief whose evil stops were on that fatal night directed but too success- fully to the shed where I had unhappily placed my promis- ing white birds. I have got over it now; but, failing to meet with any more white pullets good enough for my pur- pose, I have since confined myself to the breeding of the old variety, but if a favorable chance presents itself, I shall again turn my attention in the former direction, feeling con- vinced that the white variety will sooner or later make a rare name for themselves." Eespecting our correspondent's concluding remarks, there no doubt is a wide field opened for persevering breeders in this direction ; for, it appears to us, that a few seasons de- voted to the proper selection and breeding of this ornamen- tal class would make a very ample return for the trouble expended. But, success can only be obtained by carefully watching each new development, and making use of every ascertained fact in breeding ; or, in other words, by strictly following out everything which gives promise of satisfactory results. "We can, however, frame no golden rule for achiev- ing immediate success. In addition to what we have pre- viously suggested, we might perhaps advise that, as good white specimens as can possibly be secured should hold pre- cedence in point of mating, and that all birds which have already thrown white offspring should also be bred from largely. From such, one or two chickens almost for a cer- tainty would make themselves conspicuous in this desired feature, although the majority would naturally revert to the ordinary spangled type. But, by mating the few chick- ens thus produced with others, also of white plumage, tho chickens in the next generation may fairly be expected to show this desired feature in greater numbers; and, by further care and attention in the same direction, » charac- terized white plumage would, with time, become thoroughly establislied. Like their mottled-plumaged brethren, it is worth re- marking that White Houdans appear to feather and grow equally fast, are quite as hardy, and to rival them in their egg-productive faculties. As tho white variety is as yet but comparatively in its 584 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. infancy, our presumption will doubtless be questioned for attempting to frame a standard for judging it. But, as we hope soon to see it come to the front in formidable array, we have ventured to construct a scale based upon Mr. Wright's system, and as already given by him for estimat- ing the show value of the ordinary variety. SCALE FOK JUDGING "WHITE HOUDANS. Meritorious Points.— A bird perfect in size, shape, style, condition, etc., and of good color, to reckon 100 points. Imperfections to be Deducted. — Smallness of crest or muf- fling, 1"2 ; faulty comb, 8 ; bad color, 14 ; crooked breast, 16 ; want of size, 20 ; want of symmetry, 12 ; want of con- dition, 15. Disqualifications. — "Wry tails, absence of the fifth toe, or mufliing, beard, or crest ; any colored feathers in plumage ; legs any other color but white, or pinkish white, or having any signs of feathers. Any fraudulent dressing, coloring, or trimming of either comb or plumage. ' Although the real utility of the above scale can be deter- mined only by actual test, we nevertheless venture to think that it will be found to approximate, more or less correctly, to that which hereafter possibly will prove, on trial, the best adapted. But, what we have already said respecting the previous standards applies with equal consistency to this, viz., that in appending one and all of them, we have done so really with the view of assisting the amateur — and ■which we believe they will do in a very great measure — by enabling him to arrive at a tolerably correct idea of the true show value of- the birds, rather than by framing any fixed scale, which, after all, must of necessity be more or less empirical. (For Fanciers' Journal.) APOUD SEVERAL DINGS. Oxcoos me of yu blease, but I dond could see me vy id vos dose managers mit dat Skendennials show show so liddle encouradgmend do fanciers. Dey vos repeading mit der skirculars dat dey "design " to "prowideeberyding requiside to dat prober recebdion and disblay of fowls and birts of efry class." Den dey said de " bouldry vill be shown in same poxes or koops in vich dey vos arrived, and dot dose poxes vill all be mate agording mit sbecivicadions furnished py dot Bureau uv Acriguldure. Exhibidors vill be reguired to as- sume all resbonsibilidy of feeding and general addendance on their parts." Ish dat so? Ish dat all (?) vot vus ex- pecded mit us. Macnanimous ! all ve cot to done vas yust hire out mit a garpender shob, pay him fife or ait tollars a pox ; get sum feller to wend along mit em ad 2 tollar, fifty cend a tay ; puy sum feet, &c. — ond den ve got dat fun of showing our sdoek, and running dot risk of dere going deat efry dime. Id vas so liddle (?) drouble. Vy ef G. Wash- ington he vos a now lifin, he vould say : " Gendlemen, your gread liberalidy mit dat fanciers acsdonishes me. Now dat poor-bret fowls vas so exdensively culdivated, your gread, unprecedended liberalidy vill, so do sbeak, open mit te toors for amadeurs, and bersons mit liddle means, to go quiedly ad vork do sday ad ome. Dot visdom of making bianos, sdeamboads, machinery, and other life animules to be gov- erned mit dot same rules, shows mudoh studdied efford towards making the fanciers anxus to cum ride avay kwickl" George W. vas sound on te goose, or any odder pouldry — of his tay. Vot vos become mit Misder Parker's (Arlington, Md.) challenge mit dot Cana'da man's on Parb Pidgens. I like to got me a finger mit dot bie miselef. Von huntred tollars mit golt dond vas no gingling nonsenses. I cot me some peautiful Parps. Dey vos gone mit a show doo dimes, and id vas de fault mit de shudges, not de pirds, dat dey dond dook premiums. I read me dat Misder Hovey say ve wand a growing crob ov shudges. Ov he oxcoos me, ve dond vant anyding ov de kinds. Of ve cot a lod of one-horse shudges, as he says, bractising ad de liddle blaces. How vos dot liddle blaces efer do no ven or whad goot bouldry vos ? And dond dot liddle places vas a big ting to sell bedigree sthock ? Bed yew id vas, py Shimminy ! Ve vant goot shudges, efry vere, efry dime. Mr. Byle he come mit himselef oud mit a new dcory. He vas aboud goler mit eccs. He says dat shudge must see dot ecc dot hatch dot bouldry afore he vas told of she vos full ploot. 1 am confoosed by dot ideas ; but I spose he means bring te eggs to von show, led de shudge see em, and dey vill dell him how many boints de fowl vill hav from dat ecc. Of dot vos id, Mishter Pyle should pe on hant do dold of it vas a bullet er gockerel ! Anuder kuesdion, ef you blease : Of one of my high-bointed (aboud 115 boints) Lide Bramers lay some eccs brown, and a change mit her feets make her shell out some a liddle off mit goler, I sbose she vos only full-ploot vile she lay brown eccs.- Ish dat so ? Veil ! of I dake von hens dot do dat ecc bisness up prown — a hen vot vos a reliable ardist in golor efry dime — and I gross mit her my peautiful Howdings, and de dond vos no change mit dot golor of dot eccs, I like do know me ride avay of he blease, py Shimminy, vat vas te "madder mit Hannah?" I own ub I vas confoosed, and ask for inflammation. Here is a adverdisement I cud frum The Life Shiock Shiir- nel and Fanciers' Qazetie : LEGHOENS. To Fanciers. — Brown Leghorns for sale, cockerel and pullet, nearly five months old, hatched from eggs purchased from E. Lautour, Henton House, near Ampthill, from his ^rand imported birds advertised in this Gazette, of 29th January. My birds are nearly white, with long yellow legs, well-feathered, and cockerel slightly rose-combed. To any one who may fancy this very rare specimen of Brown Leghorns, a bargain will be given. — Wm. Baillie, Monifieth. I vant do know of te B. Leghorns, above'mendioned, owe their origin to inheridance of peculiaridies, or are dey a new breet vot the editur of dat paber recognizes and allows to pe adverdized? Dond ve bedder vate a leetle, and put this variedy in dot new Shdandard, on same bage mit "P.O. P.O. ?" Jusd dink how comfordable rose-comps and feath- ers mit lees in cold vinders vill pe for Jjechorns ! So Mr. Skimmons' last new depardure pring him down on dat " black lisd." Tuch nod, daste nod, handle nod any ting dat yu dond coud get avay mit. Misder Beter Smiley and I (dot vos myselef) will shudge together ot te Squabdown Show, and will send yu a correct rebort, midout bardialidy. Tours, like a shudge, SePDEMPER 13, 1875. HaNS SCHNEIDER. (For Fanciers' Journal.) BUENHAM'S NEW POULTRY BOOK. Priend Wade : A brother fancier having recently loaned me a copy of the above-named work, I thought a short notice of its con- tents might be of some interest to a portion (at least) of your many readers. It is elegantly bound, and is an orna- ment to any fancier's book-shelf or table. Chapter I, Gen- eral Introduction, contains many valuable and interesting statistics in reference to the supply of eggs and their various PANCIKUS' JOURNAL AND POUI/riiY RXCIIANGE. uses. Chapter II, treats on eggs and hatching chickens. Chapter VI, contains an essay on raising poultry and eggs for marlcot, from a paper prepared by Mr. Uurnliain, at the refpicst of Hon. Isaac Newton, hite Coniiiiissionor of the United States Department of Agriculture, which appears in the official rei)ort of that department for the year 1802. This chapter alone is worth the price of the book to anyone abimt embarking in the poultry business with a view of pnulucing eggs and chickens for market. Chapter VII, contains several excellent plans and illustrations of poultry houses. Also, several chapters are devoted to the various breeds of poultry. Chapter XXIX, contains twenty-five good rules for beginners. Altogether it is an interesting book, and a valuable addition to the breeders' library. The reader must not confound Burnham's Now Poultry Book (which was published in 1871) with his latest, the China Fowl, of which we may say something hereafter. Our motto is, "honor to whom honor is due aad in the right degree," hence wo do not hesitate to assert our belief that {after reading Togetmeier, Wright, Burnham, Doyle, Bement, Ijewis, and others), to George P. Burnham, of Mel- rose, Mass., belongs the honor of haying originated the Brah- ma fowl. All the above-named authors admit that the Brah- ma fowls were first introduced into England from America, and some claim that the improvement in the Dark Brahma is duo to the English fancier. This we think rather a doubtful as.sertion, having resided for the last ten or fifteen years in close proximity to the yards of the late D. W. Herstine and H. H. Or. Sharpless, also, Joseph M. Wade and John Clapp, who were among the pioneer breeders of Dark Brahmas in this country. We have had the opportunity of seeing prob- ably as many direct importations as usually falls to the lot of the average fancier. If crossing Dark Brahmas with Silver-gray Dorkings is an improvement, then John Bull is entitled to a full share of credit. But we are getting away from Burnham's Book, and will "yustdhry up," lest Dutchy may think our yarn as uninteresting as a " dree year oldt fldt." W. E. Flower. (Fur Faiu'iciV Journal.) COMMENTS. Friend Wade ; No. 37 of the Fanciers' Journal just received. Lots of good reading in it. Pete Smiley 's head is just level on "exchanges," ain't it? It puts me in mind of the two boys who were shut up in a room by themselves all day, and made $5 apiece swapping jackets. Chick A. Biddy notices just what every fancier, of anj- experience, cannot help see- ing, that the poultry department of many of these agricul- tural journals is a good deal like boarding house hash. It is part of the regular bill of fare, and must be provided. If they have good beef to make it of, well and good ; if not, put in the scraps of mutton, veal, etc., no matter what, so long as it is hash. Just as in making up the poultry column. It is mostly hash, and of the most miscellaneous composition. The " meat-cutter," which manufactures the compound, is required to grind out a certain amount weekly. No matter if it is deficient of nourishment, so long as it is hash that fills the bill. That idea about the color of the egg denoting the value and purity of the stock, is a little too big a dose for veterans to swallow. It is Pyle-ing it on a little too thick. I will guarantee to take any of the best and purest Light Brahma hens in the country, that lays a light-colored egg, and by judicious feeding, produce from bor, pgg» colored of all shades, even to almost black. You will frequently find the color of the eggs of a flock of hens change very decidedly after putting them upon different soil or changing their fotjd. In visiting five dilfcrcnt yards of Dark Brahma.s, all equally pure, located in different parts of the country and upon different soiN, you will hardly find two flocks which produce the same colored eggs. Theory is very good in itB place, but it cannot be backed by anything stronger than assertion. It is not much better than hash. I guess I had better skip the next two pages — " Nuff sed and 2 mutch." Then I'll bet my last season's boots, that that man who don't know the difference between an Antwerp pigeon and a turkey buzzard, was once an agripoultrycultural editor — bcan't it ? I wonder, won't Captain Uolljes sell that Carrier ? Or will he hol-jes fast of it? I'd give a pair of " rabils with years es long es a muils er a jackass " for it. About this new food food for pigeons — Dar-i say anything ? I guess not. Ileredito has a good advocate in Dr. Bail}-. That Game fowl story looks very hashy ; but there is no telling how far a (nianx) cat will jump by the length of its tail. Some people think that as there are no flics whore the manx cats reside, they had no use for their tails, and for want of use they gradually grew shorter and shorter until they stopped growing. Now that is my theory, and as I know nothing about the manx cats. My theory is as good as some others. As our old friend Snyder says, " dont id ?" But there is more in hdrddite than is generally supposed. Some- time when I get into a serious mood, I'll give you my experience on that. I do hope that the A. P. A. will have a special meeting called immediately and promptly resent the imputation of " Pixit." How dare he (or any other man) accuse them of magnanimity. It is an insult which should be punished by immediate expulsion. That felonious goat puts me in mind of another goat story, with which I will conclude. A certain lecturer, illustrating the value of perseverance to his audience, said : " I once owned an old black ram that was the best example of perseverance I ever knew. Nothing could cure his butting propensities, and, as he had got both himself and his owner into trouble a number of times through his persevering efforts in this direction, I resolved to task his perseverance to the utmost. Accordingly I obtained a heavy sledge-hammer, and having covered it with the skin of a ram's head, I suspended it from the limb of a tree by a long rope. I brought up the old ram and showed him the ram's head hanging and swaying towards him. He charged it and sent it flying ; but it returned the charge and sent old black flying the opposite way. At it he came again, and at sundown ho was still coming. I left him at his task. Next morning I took an early look, and there was nothing loft of the old black ram but his tail, but that was still a coming." As always. Veteran. Some one wrote to Horace Greeley, inquiring if guano was good to put on potatoes. He said it might do for some whoso tastes had become vitiated with tobacce and rum, but ho preferred gravy and butter. In Italy a traveller has got himself in trouble through owning a too intelligent horse. The animal, whenever any person was met or overtaken on the road, throw himself in the same so as to stop his progress. Some people handed out their purses at once; some produced pistols and oi>ened fire. It is supposed his former owner was a gentleman of the road. 586 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. SpoF^TS|vi;\fJ's DEpy^F^IIVlEflj. (For Fanciers' Journal.) MY PET "SPOT." J. M. Wade, Esq. : I had the pleasure of reading the agreeable story, in No. 35 of your highly esteemed Journal, entitled "Sport, the Terrier," and it occurred to me that I could interest many of your readers with an account in a similar vein of my own pe't dog, " Spot." He is a cross between an English Coach-dog and a Black- and-Tan Terrier. His ears are black, and he is pretty evenly spotted with black over the rest of his body ; hence his name. 1 have taken pains to teach him a number of tricks, which he performs very readily, and in which he seems to take great delight. His " parlor tricks," as we call them, afford much amusement to those who witness them. If he observes anyone eating, he is swift to claim a share in this operation, and will sit up and beg for a morsel, shaking his paws actively until he is gratified. If the per- son he thus appeals to pretends not to notice him, he "keeps up the shake," and will continue to plead until the party obliges him, or retires. I have known him thus to sit and beg for peanuts from one's hands, half an hour at a time. I send him " after his tail " sometimes, and he will " go for it " merrily, skipping round and round the apartment, catching the end of it in his mouth, and then comically dropping his hold and turning in the opposite direction, seizing it as earnestly as at first, to our great amusement. Then, upon being told to " smoke his pipe," he will delib- erately go to the shelf or window-sill, take the stem of my pipe in his mouth as naturally as a human, and go through the motions of smoking as sedately as an old hand ; after tiring with which, he will replace the pipe where it belongs, like any little man. He will stand ujion his hind legs, walk about the room upright, creep upon his belly, roll over and over, sneeze, catch tid-bits thrown up from the tip of his nose, "go dead," and do many similar tricks at the word of command, and he will follow no one save members of our family. He is death on rats, too, thus being very useful as well as amusing to us. We enjoy his pranks greatly, and I recommend to all who own this class of pets, that they teach their dogs these little tricks ; which, with many others, they easily learn, and which afford innocent pastime always in the household, especially where there are children. Kespectfully yours, A. Pancibr. North Attleboro, Mass. A SEA LION in the Zoological Gardens, at Paris, has dis- tinguished himself by saving the life of a little boy who had tumbled in and could not get out in consequence of the high basin. The seal held him up until help was at hand. THE MINER'S DORG. Ye never knowed that dorg, Jim ? a sorter yaller hound ! I called him Gouge — he warn't no slouch when fightin' war round I He didn't take long to peel his teeth and make con- siderable litter! The way he wrastled, bit, and clawed im- proved a hurtful critter. Neow, purty soon thar warn't no dorg about that claim but him ; an' though he couldn't curse an' drink, we doted on him, Jim ! But arter that he lay and moaned, it bursted me right up. — Says I, " That beast must have a muss, or he's a dog-gonned purp!" "My pards!" says I, "I quit the ranch; Gouge sickens at the fork!" Ter ought ter heerd my pardners weep ; they doted on the dorg. — He had an accident, did Gouge. Yer never knowed him, Jim ? Sho ! I feel a kinder chokin' a thinkin' abeout him. He seed a circus elephant a hobblin' reound "abeout, an' when the cuss warn't lookin' he grabbed him by the snout. That clumsy critter put his foot too suddint on thegreound, an' spread that dorg like punkin-sass on twelve- square yards areound ! PiqEopl DE[=>;^i^j|viEfJj. DARI FOR PIGEONS. , Previoits to 1867 Indian millet was imported into and sold in this country. It is grown in the East under that name ; but since it has been more generally used its name has been changed into Dari. It is a round flat grain, and is grown similar to oats in this country. Mr. E. T. Brown, the poultry and pigeon food purveyor of Newcastle-upon- Tyne, first introduced it into this part. I buy it very much cheaper now than I did years ago, and I use it very largely for pigeons ; and, perhaps, as I am a fancier of only one variety, viz., Dragoons, of which I have a very large stock, I may say what its good properties are. When I first commenced to give it to my birds I was told, by what I should have thought knowing ones, that I might look out for mischief in my loft, as it was very relax- ing. I accordingly gave it very sparingly, but to my sur- prise I found they always ate it first, preferring it to all other foods, even including hempseed. This state of things went all right for a week, when, happily, my fear ceased, and I doubled the dose. Still no ill efl^ect could I see ; so I then gave the proportions of half tares and half dari, still no ill effect, but a mighty improvement, till at last I gave dari alone ; and to test the effects it really would have, I gave it for twenty-eight days alone, and without any other kind of food, and at the end of that time they ate it quite as greedily as they did when first given. I therefore found it to be quite as safe or more so than any other food when given alone. Pigeons not only like a change of food, but it is essential that such should be the case. I prefer giveng mine the fol- lowing mixture, all of which is the best I can buy, during the breeding season : I give equal quantities of old wheat, old tick beans, white peas and dari, with a little hemp oc- casionally ; the dari is invaluable for the young, and is the FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. ^.87 bcBt grain I know of aa a "soft, food" producer; young birds Uirivo immensely upon it, is easily digc^tod, very niilritious, and very strongllirning, wlioroby we obtain larg(!r birds than wo otborwiso would do. During tlic moult- ing season every fancier should use it, as it is tlio most val- uable " feather producer " known ; it also brightens the new feathers, and gives them more lustre or finish than any other f(iod grown ; it is a preventive against most diseases. I luivo never lost a bird froin any cause since its introduction into my loft. What is good for pigeons must be good for ourselves, therefore, those who have not tried, I would advise them to do so, " a dari pudding," made the same way as a rice pudding ; and then kindly give their opinion of the same. — John (}. Dunn, in " The Country." QUICK TIME. J. M. Wadk, Es(i. Dbau Sir: Having received the Ashicm Reporter, of Sep- tember 4th, this morning, I clipped out the inclosed article on ])igeon flying, as I thought it would be an item for your valuable Journal. I wish to see your paper ahead of all others by getting all the information possible. You might have obtained the article I now send you from other papers ; but, I thought as it had arrived out West here in so short a time, 1 would let you see how quick wo get the news from over the water, by our post mail to Chicago in twenty hours. Galcsburg is 104 miles from Chicago. " FLIGHT OF A PIOKON FROM BELFA.ST, IN IRELAND, TO NEWTON. "We have received an account of what wo have no doubt is one of the most wonderful feats on record in pigeon-fly- ing. Some birds are said to have done great things in flight, but in this case we have received what would appear the best proof of this. The jiigeon in question is the property of Mr. H. G. Turner, of Newton, near Hj'de, and was sent as a matter of curiosity, to try its instinct and flying powers, to a friend and schoolfellow, Mr. E. S. Fester, of the Crown Hotel, Fleetwood, from where it speedily returned, and was sent again several times, and upon one occasion it flew from the Crown Hotel, Fleetwood, to Newton in one hour and forty-flve minutes, the distance being nearly sixty miles. It was now suggested to send it to the Isle of Man, and to accomplish this it was sent out by several fishing smacks, which go in that direction, and after two or three trips to sea it accomplished its first journey from the Isle of Man. At Stalybridge Wakes a party went for an out to the Isle of Man, and this pigeon was again sent with one of them, named William Brooks, who lives directly opposite the Mechanics' Institute, in Stalybridge. There was an inces- sant downfall of rain, and after being bufleted about in the Island for three days it returned the first fine day across the Channel. A few days after it was again sent to the Island, and returnid in about eight hours. On Tuesday, August 17th, it flew for the fourth time fiom Douglas, in the Isle of Man, to Newton, in five hours and fifty-five minutes. It was now determined to send the bird to Ireland, and Cap- tain John Cross, of the mail steamer Royal Consort, run- ning between Fleetwood and Belfast, promised to see it turned out safely at Belfast, which was accordingly done, and on Friday morning at five minutes to eight o, clock, the The bird flow twice round the Custom House, at Bnlfiut, getting a tremendoun height, and then struck out over the Irish Sea towards Kngland, on it« journey of nearly 100 miles of water and W) miles of land, and returned home to Newton, where it arrived at three minutes to one o'clock on Saturday, August 28, being one day and five hours in ac- complishing this great feat. The bird is notion months old, being bred late in last November, and weighed, when he started, over 10 oz., and when he arrived 13j oz. Its mother, in 1873, flew 1100 miles, besides flying from Lon- don; and its sister pigeon flew from Bristol, in 1874. Its male parent was highly commended at the Hyde poultry and pigeon show last year, as a full-bred Belgium bird. The total distance the young bird has flown from JiH'ercnt places, including his last flight from Belfast, this summer, is over 2000 miles, and he is the only bird left out of the eleven flrst-class birds that commenced flying witli him." I hope that the Fanners' Journal may receive that sub- stantial support that will place it at the head of poultry journalism in the world, and make all those that will not do unto others as they would be done by quake and tremble by placing them on the " Black List." I think it was Pete Smiley who said " the Black List men ought to be pedi- greed," and I am of the same opinion. Yours respectfully, John Broadbbnt. Galesburg, Ilm., September 21, 1875. [The above letter was received at this office on the 24th inst., A.M., having traveled from Ashton, England, to Galcs- burg, Ills., via Chicago, and returned to this city in twenty days.— Ed.] An Arab Trick. — A gentleman who rode his own mare in the course of an eastern tour, asked his Arab attendant if he was quite sure she always got her allowance. "Oh, yes," he said; "my countrymen steal from one another, and rob their friends' horses, but I can always find out if your mare has been cheated." "How?" " I always put some pebbles in with the barley — seven or eight — and count exactly how many I put in. The mare never eats the pebbles, and if anyone steals from the barley ho is sure to take two or three pebbles with it. If I find the pebbles short in the morning I have hard words, and they cannot tell how I know, and so they give up cheating her." A Good Idea. — In view of the national centennial, to be celebrated next year, it is proposed to revive the becoming costume of one hundred years ago, both for women and men — men wearing knee-breeches, silk stockings, shoe-buckles, blue coats, brass buttons, bufi" vests, rutlled shirts, cocked hats, etc., and women to don the old style wearing apparel worn in those days of Washington. Well, if that fashion would last as long as it did our grandfathers and grand- mothers it would be well, for the styles are sure to change for something new every year, and the old style is good as any, and while we are about it, suppose we revive some of the virtues and practices of our fathers? Let the young women be taught housekeeping, and help their mothers, and let the young men turn their attention to farming instead of living by their wits. Let us also adopt the eco- nomical and industrious habits of the generation of '76 and captain, in the presence of the first mate, William Henry live within our means, instead of preying upon one another Smith, and the crow of the Royal Consort, turned it out at j in the race for wealth and show. If these can be obtained Belfast. I tlien .^m (n,r centennial bo worth celebrating. FANCIERS' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. i ANCIEBS' JJOURNAL AND 1^ € OULTRYlr;XCHAN&B, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Peof. a. N. Eaitb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly, at 39 Uorth Nintli Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail $0 10 Per Annum, by mail, TJ. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPART3IENT. ALEXANDRA PALACE, LONDON. "We are indebted to the Honorable Secretary, Mr. W. J. Nichols, of London, England, for premium lists and entry blanks for a poultry and pigeon show to be held at the Alex- andra Palace, On Tuesday'', Wednesday, and Thursday, October 19, 20, and 21, at which twenty-eight silver cups for poultry are offered, valued at from three to ten guineas each. A1.SO, twenty-seven silver cups and one piece of plate are offered for pigeons, same value as above, beside the reg- ular society premiums, which are very liberal. OBITUARY. It is with deep regret that we learn of the death of the wife of our associate, Professor A. N. Eaub. She was cut oflf in the prime of life, having died on her birthday, aged 36 years. She was a most estimable woman ; a model wife and mother. She leaves an interesting family of small children. Like all true wives, she took a lively interest in her husband's undertakings, and, as Mr. Eaub's profession took him often away from home, his pets were always well cared for in his absence. Mr. Eaub has our heartfelt sympa- thies in his sore trial. JUDQINQ AT EXHIBITIONS. The method of judging at the agricultural fairs in this country is the subject of sharp comment in the Eastern States. The Maine Farmei- and the New England Farmer have both had articles recently upon this subject, criti- cising the old worn-out modes ; although the latter paper is not noted for its enterprise, or inclination to move out of the ancient ruts in its advice or suggestions. The Boston Journal, quoting from the Maine paper's strictures, says that "No farmer needs be told that this matter of passing judgment upon farm stock is very often committed to persons wholly incompetent for the work," and there are few exhibitors who have not at some time keenly felt the injustice of an adverse judgment rendered by persons whose assurance was only equalled by their ignorance. The proposal in the Maine Farmer is, that judging com- mittees should be composed of men who are thoroughly posted upon the questions being considered, and "judges of thorough-bred stock should be selected from the breeders of the particular stock to be examined. Short-horn, Holstein, Ayrshire, and Jersey breeders should be appointed as judges of those classes respectively. Two from each class, whose judgment and integrity can be relied upon, should be en- gaged under such conditions as to secure their attending to the task imposed upon them." This same sort of judging should be applied to poultry and smaller pet-stock. These unintelligent awards do more to discourage contributors than anything else. Of what use is it for a breeder to expend time and money on his stock liberally, only to be beaten, and cheated out of the honors due him by incompetent judging ? The too common practice of intrusting the distribution of prizes to persons who do not possess the requisite knowledge of deciding upon the merits of stock shown, or who are di- rectly or indirectly interested in the competition for pre- miums, is what tends to discourage the farmers and ama- teurs ; while it does further wrong by placing a premium where it does not belong, to the neglect of the stock most meritorious. This evil should be remedied, and we hope to see less cause for complaint upon this score, in our poultry shows at least, in the future. LIGHT BRAHMAS IN NEW ENGLAND. From a letter just received from Mr. Eldridge C. Comey, of Quincy, Mass., he incidentally remarks: "It appears to me that there are better birds in this section, this year, than usual, but not quite so early or so many of them." This augurs well for a good show of Light Brahmas at the next Boston exhibition; if one is held this year. But we have been informed that the Massachusetts Society have agreed not to hold an exhibition this year, to give the mem- bers a better chance to exhibit at Chicago. Is this really so ? PHOTOGRAPHS RECEIVED. From Thos. L. McKeen, of Easton, Pa., we have been favored with a card photo, of his horse, " Highland Gold Dust," and also a card of his herd-book stock, showing " Blanche 5th " and " Third Duchess of Lehigh." Mac. W. Miner, Wyoming, Ills., two cards of his Dark Brahmas. The photographs, however, owing to the fowls moving during the exposure of the picture, do not show the fowls as well as they doubtless deserve. James M. Lambing, two large 10x14 views of his resi- dence, which shows a comfortable and substantial home. He also favors us with a good card of himself. From W. P. Atkinson, Erie, Pa., a cabinet photograph business card, which shows his portrait, surrounded by fowls, pigeons, and rabbits of nearly all varieties. It is an attract- ive card, and one that will be saved by all who get it. From G. 0. Brown, Brooklandville, Md., a cabinet pho- tograph combination business card, which exhibits good taste in the grouping of the fowls, pigeons, rabbits, etc., and display of reading matter. This card is so well executed that it would puzzle the uninitiated to know how it was done. Mr. E. C. Comey, of Quincy, Mass., sends us an excellent card photograph of himself. Mr. Comey, we believe, was the originator of the Duke of York strain of Light Brah- mas, and also succeeded, by a liberal outlay of money and enterprise, in transferring some of the best Light Brahmas from Philadelphia to Quincy, where the trade in this fowl soon followed, of which more hereafter. We thank the above gentlemen for thus remembering the printer. We shall keep all such favors in our office, so that visiting fanciers can always see them. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY RX CHANGE. 589 THE NKW AMKRICAN 8TANDAHD ■Foil judging poultry at our public exhibitions is at length bnfori) tliii ])iil)lic!. Wo trust tluit Aiiidriciui fanciers will (iud it siitisliictory, and as good as puch a work can be made, after the careful pruning and iniprovoments now embodied in this worlc, wliieh lias been completed in good faith, and through attentive consideration of all claims and desires fairly made Uiiown to the comtnittees having this important matter in charge by authority. A standard is a necessity, when the poultry interests in this country have attained the proportions that are now reached among us; but a good standard is the greatest necessity, and wo have at last accomplislicd this desirable object, in the now edition just issued. Let us bo content with it, for the present, and work together to |>roduco our fancy stock in accordance with its written requirements. Wo are satislled that this Standard is a good one. There may bo unimportant details that all of us would not agree upon ; but, as a whole, it has been so changed, revi-scd, and improved upon the former version, and it is now so complete and explicit, that we trust it will be received and accepted as authority, and that for five years, at the least, there will bo no further attempts to tinker or alter it. Tlie committees have performed their duty creditably, and tlie editor has rewritten and revised the phrsise- ology of this volume so that it reads more evenly and more harmoniously, in its difl'erent parts, than did the former book. The additions that have been made are reasonable, and we feel confident that it will prove generally acceptable in its present shape. Copies of the now Staiidard may bo had at this office, at the regular price — one dollar — on receipt of which we will mail the work, post-paid, to any address. DAKK BROWN EO'.IS FROM BUAIIMAS. Mr. G. p. Burnham, writing us from Melrose, says: " What is Mr. Pylo advancing about ' thorough-bred Brah- mas' laying only eggs dark brown in color? I have bred these birds about twenty-live years steadily, more or less, and think I had the first ones ever seen in this country ; but I never remember noticing any of those fowls of my own, or any one else's claimed 'strains,' that ever laid any eggs particularly brown in color. They come deep cream-colorod, and some a shade or two darker, or even lighter; but none of a dark brown hue. I think Mr. Pylo's birds must be of the 'pedigreed' species, which some of us do (or do not) think so well of 1 " CoF^F^ESpOfJDEflCE. mr. warren's explanation. Kditor Fancikrs' Jourxai.. Dkau Sir; I desire, through your Journal, to defend the action of the Executive Committee of the American Poultry Association, at their mooting, June 11th, so far as it relates to the suppression (in the report of their doings) of the name of the one " peremptorily rejected." I claim that this Ex- ecutive Committee, as all others of similar bodies, are scr- vaiiis of its Association, having at heart only its best inter- ests. Their doings, when it rellects in any way upon its members, should be siricil)/ private till they have ihoroutihly investigated charges ; and their duty ceases upon laying be- fore the Association, for their action, the facts in their possession. You may be assured this Committee will work honestly nnd cnutiouHly, and the AMOcialion mutt patiently wait for the facUs, which only can bo given atU-T u proper and just investigation. I do not agn-e with you in your ideas expressed on page "lOij, of No. :!7 ; I do not think that matters of ;?uch a nature should be given i<> the |iublii-, nor to the members, till tlir- proper time, by which I mean, till the charges, if any, can be properly investigated and rcfiort- ed. I think the only report which should have been allowed to have gone out, was that of the Secretary, Mr. Kulph. A meeting of an Executive Committee of any Associution, should consist of none but its members, and if, by courtesy, others are invited, they should bo guarded in giving the do- ings publicity. The Committee will be very thorough in their action, I can assure you. Very respectfully, &c., A. D. Warkk.v. [The report published by us was received from the Secre- tary, Mr. Kalph. The remarks in a previous number of the Journal, in the Editorial Department, were our own. We still think that, so far as Mr. Kinney is concerned, it would have been bettc^r to have omitted his name from the report until the charges could have either been verified or proved untrue, for Mr. Kinney's reputation and business cannot but suffer under the present imputation. If the charges should prove unfounded, what then ? Therefore, the .sooner the committee act'and report the better for all concerned. — Ed.] Sffl^LL Pet DEfA.F^TFIEfJT AND yoUNO KOLK'.S COUNKll. (Ui.-j>ort.-.l r.ir FiiTui.rs'.I.iurn:il.) ARRIVALS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, For the week endiag September 21, 1875. 1 South American Deer (Cervus nemorivagita). Presented by J. P. Lindsay, Jr., Philadelphia. 5 Reed Birds (Dolicho>u/x oryzlror). Presented by L. Sny- der, Philadelphia. 1 Bald Eagle (Haliatoa cueoccphalus). Presented by E. M. Dunn, Washington, D. C. 2 Prong-horned Antelopes l^AniilocupraAmericnnua). Pur- cha.scd. 1 English Magpie (Pica candata). Presented by L. Simp- .son, Philadelphia. 1 Skunk (Me.pliids Mcphitiea). Presented by J. Birstlcr, Pennsylvania. 1 Italian Wolf {Ciniiis liipitx). Purchased. Hitox. Note. — Errata in last report. For eardincnsts read Oiro- linensis; and, in Zoo sketch, paragraph six, for Trapiti read Wapiti. H. "OUR ZOO." [In a recent number of the Dispatch of this city, appears the following excellent article on •' Our Zoo," but more par- ticularly describing the Tasmanian devil, the habits of which are but'littlo known in this country. We think our readers will read the article with much interest, hence we transfer it to our columns. — Ed.] " Any one having but a common knowledge of snimals has but to visit the Zoological Gardens and stand by one of the cages, be the inmate foreign or ' to the manor born,' to bo convinced that the sooner we begin to teach our children Natural History — that is, the history of the laws of God Bs seen in the instinctive ways of be:»st, bird and fish, the bet- ter will it be for the Zoological Garden in particular and for tho next generation in general. Indeed, from the questions and remarks one hoars at the Garden, there is the most «1- 590 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. mentable ignoriince continually apparent. We cannot ex- pect to have a Natural History class with living illustrations in our school-rooms ; but the Garden is just the place where the professor could and should have his class, and thus turn the fine material now being collected and sho\yn there to good account in teaching the young mind and impressing upon the tender heart of childhood the duty, benefit, and consequent happiness of a wise and gentle treatment of all living things — for well did the Ancient Mariner say : " When we have been thus educated, we shall have no need of a Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and none of the cruelty itself. " The fact that many entire species of animals are becoming extinct, should create a desire to study and know them while we can have a living specimen before us ; as the day must come, if not in the present generation, yet it will soon come, when, like certain races of men, many families of beasts and birds will disappear from the face of the earth, and will only be seen in fossilized remains. Witness the wolf, which entirely disappeared from England before the close of the • fourteenth century. In Scotland the last one was seen in 1686, and in Ireland — where once lupus abounded, he was hunted to death in 1710. Coming nearer home, but com- paratively few years ago the pine forests of New Jersey were the homes of bears and deer. Now bears there are quite extinct, and the deer are fast fading out, in spite of legisla- tion Jn their favor. But to our Garden. I spend much time there. I know of no place where my time is so well spent. 1 see some strange things, and I hear some. Standing, one pleasant morning last week, by a certain cage situated under the row of noble beeches which adorn the Garden, I heard something like the following from different parties as they came up, paused a moment, and passed on : 'Tasmanian Devil!' ' What a horrid name I' ' Why, he's nothing more than a black cat 1' says another. 'What on earth makes him go by such a name?' asks a third. Says a young gent, with a young lady on his arm : ' That sleepy thing is not my idea of a devil at all !' 'No I' says the delicate young lady. ' It seems quite a harmless brute ! What a shame to give it such a wicked name!' ifes, he is harmless just now, my young friend ; but were he not in captivity you would think differently. And even as it is, perhaps, had he not been so well fed, and were there not so much sunlight, that dainty parasol with which you were endeavoring to rouse him up would not have stood a ghost of a chance. No, nor that delicate, gloved hand of yours, either ! However, you were but li ke most of the visitors, as all more or less seem disappointed in his devilship ; and canes, parasols and umbrellas are used to provoke him to some act of deviltry. " A word now as to this ' Devil ' of the Zoo. He is a na- tive of Australia, and belongs to the pouched family, there- fore being kin to the kangaroo, wallaby, dayture, etc. Tears ago he was called a ' devil ' by a rude Australian hunter (Garth by name), ' for,' said he, ' there are devils in nature of various kinds ; but the devil of devils is this ' Tasmanian Devil I' Garth little dreamed that the name would be carried into Natural History, or that a learned naturali.st would one 'day endow the whole family with the generic diabolus I And now the English scientist calls him 'devil,' the Erench ' diable,' the German ' teufel,' while the Koyal Society, accepting the name of 'devil,' has given it to the whole race. '" As we have seen, in the Zoo ' diabolus ' is quiet enough, because he gets plenty to eat and is a sound sleeper. His propensities are those of a glutton ; and even in his own home he will be quiet enough when gorged with food and left undisturbed to repose. ' Diabolus ' is a night bird, and is as sensitive as an owl to the raj'S of light. Hence, while the sun shines he keeps himself hid away in the cleft of a rock or under the roots of a tree, where, having had a good meal, of he cares not what, so that he has plentj^, he will sleep so soundlj' that the noisiest yelping pack of dogs may pass in quest of him without waking him up. But when the shades of night begin to fall, forth stalks 'diabolus' in search of prey; 'and woe! and again woe I' to the living thing which comes within range of his fearful eyes, which seem to glare like fire. Beast or bird, great or small, falls before him in utter helplessness. Once 'diabolus' has his victim in his clutches, its fate is inevitably sealed. He makes no distinction of morsels ; and flesh, bone and feathers are smashed up and swallowed in one indiscriminate mass I This fearful appetite seems to be ' diabolus's ' weak point, and renders him an easy prey to the trapper. Any bait at- tracts him that can be seen or scented, as a dead bird, a tainted fish, or a lump of lard ; and the clumsiest snare will catch him, if it be strong enough to hold him. "J. G. Wood, the learned and pleasant naturalist, in one of his very readable books, says of ' diabolus ' (and he had frequent opportunities of testing his character): ' I always found him equally savage and untractable. Without the least cause he would fly at the bars of his cage, and endeavor by dint of teeth and claws, to wreak his vengeance on me, while he gave vent to his rage in short, harsh screams of passion and fury. There was no reason for these outbursts of anger, for the animal behaved in the same manner when any visitor passed before his cage.' " Diabolus ' does not seem to know what fear is. He will not get out of the way of a drove of bullocks ; and he will fight any number of dogs at once. No single dog can be made to ' go for him ' twice. Quiet as we find him in the Zoo, disturb ' diabolus ' in his haunts at home, and the slightest provocation, or the most unintentional observation, will turn him at once into a veritable fiend, becoming the very t3'pe of senseless fury, attacking all before him, dead or living, and fiying into equal fierceness at a mastiff or a barn-door. Nor is there, while life is left in him, either truce or quarter. As long as there is a shred of flesh to tear, or a bone to shatter, he fights on, regardless of the numbers which surround him or of his failing strength, until at length his jaws snap faintly, and his life gradually goes out of him with an infernal snarl, which seems to sink right down, and die out, under ground. And now, young lady, wondering at his name, you see why our pet has been called the ' Tas- manian Devil !' "The female 'diabolus' bears from three to five cubs, which she carries about in her pouch, like the kangaroo, un- til they get too large for it. Mother ' diabolus ' is very fond of her children, licks them (with her tongue) tenderly, and with care ; and doubtless, to save them, would go through fire, an army of dogs, or men either, one redeeming quality. Tou know the ' devil ' should have his ' due !' " The Zoo can feed ' diabolus ' very cheaply. He will be satisfied, and sleep well for days and nights together, on huge bones, which he will crack up like biscuit, and usually swallow entire. In his own country, he himself is good food (another word in his favor). His flesh is succulent and FANOIIUIS' JOURNAIi AND POULTKY lOXCIIANOK. y.n savory in tiislo, being something between veul iind vonsion ; nnd the esteem ho wns held in as an article of food wa8 one of the causes of his oxtorminiition in Australia proper, and of his now being found only in one little corner of Tns- miinia." IIuo.n. WHEN THE CHIPMUNKS GO TO WORK. AiiouT August IfiUi llii'y cciiiiiucMC(!d to work in rciil earn- est. Insliiiid of playful, can^lc^s.s crciaturcs that lived from hand to mouth, thoy became very busy and sober. Instead of keeping comparatively near home, they wandered quite a distance, for them, and filling both cheek-pouches full of corn, chinkapins (dwarf chestnuts), and small acorns, homo they would hurry, looking in the face, like children with the mumps. This storing away of food was continued until the first heavy white frosts, when the chipmunks, as a mem- ber of Congress once said, went " into a state of retiracy.'' The food gathered, wo believe, is consumed in part on their going into winter quarters, they spending some time in their retreats before commencing their hibernating sleep. This belief, on our part, is based on a result of digging out a third nest on the 3d of November. The last time we noted down seeing a chipmunk belonging to a certain nest was October 22d. Twelve days after we very carefully closed iho three passages that led to the nest and dug down. Wo found four chipmunks very cosily fixed for winter in a roomy nest, and all of them thorouglily wide awake. Their store of provisions was wholly chestnuts and acorns, and the shells of these nuts were all pushed into one of the passages so that there should be no litter mingled with the soft hay that lined the nest. How long this underground life lasts before hibernation really commences it is difficult to determine; but as tliis torpid state docs not continue until their food supply is again obtainable out of doors, the chipmunks, no doubt, store away sufficient for their needs throughout the early spring, and perhaps until berries are ripe. :— Dr. Abbot, in Pojmlar Hcience Monthly. A THRILLING AFFAIR. RESCUING A CHILD FROM AN ALLIQATOR. Last Saturday, about sundown, four miles east of this place, on Biloxi bay, occurred a scene calculated to send a thrill of horror through every human heart, and to make even the boldest tremble with fear. Two little girls, daugh- ters of Mr. Klam R. Blaokwell, living on the back bay of Hiloxi, while bathing in the bay immediately in front of his dwelling, were attacked by an enormous alligator. The eldest, a girl of about seven years of age, was holding the youngest, an infant of two years, in her hands, and was quietly enjoying hor bath, when suddenly lier little sister was snatched from her and borno swiftly from the shore. Terrified beyond measure, and unable to render any assistance to her unfortunate sister, the elder girl uttered a scream, which was quickly caught by the ear of the father, who liappened, accidentally, to be passing within thirty or forty yards of the spot where his daughters were bathing. Re- alizing instantly, from the tone of the voice, that his children were in some peril, but unable to conjecture its exact nature, JNlr. Blaekwell, who is an active and athletic man, rushed rapidly to their assistance, and arrived at the spot just in time to discover his little daughter being borno out into the bay by an alligator. Comprehending the scene at once, and nerved to almost superluunan effort by the desperate situation of his child, the agonized father leaped madly into the water in pursuit of the would-be destroyer of his daughter, which was then some twonty-flvoor thirty yards from shore. The water, for a distance of forty or fifty yards out into the bay from the point where the children were bathing, range* in depth from one and a half to two feet, and then .tuddcniy attains a depth of ftjrty or fifty feet, and both the animal (which by this time had discovered the pursuit) and the fa- ther seemed to realize that the deep water immediately in front of them once reached, pursuit and recovery would bo alike impossible ; both, therefore redoubled their efforU, tbo one to reach the point, the other to prevent it. In this struggle, although sinking to his waist in the soft mud at tlio bottom at each bound, the father was successful. Ho succeeded in grasping his child by the arm about ten feet from deep water. The alligator, which all the while held the child's foot in its mouth, perceiving itself overtaken, and alarmed and confused by the boMness of the assault, released its hold and made its way rapidly into the deep water in front of it. The father, completely exhausted, raised his child out of the water, and perceiving that it still lived, by a desperate cll'ort succeeded in regaining the shore and depositing the child safely in the arms of its mother. The little girl is unhurt with the exception of a coupio of bruises on its foot, made by the teeth of the monster. — Uandt- boro [Miss.) Democrat, July 31. A WHITE CROW. A CORRESPONDEN-T in Forest ami Stream (Sportsman), writing from Charlestown, Mass., states that, "A Boston gentleman (Mr. Marston) has recently shot, at Centrcville, Mass., a fine specimen of a pure White Crow. It is now being stufled by Mr. C. J. Goodale, taxidermist, and can be seen at his store, No. 93 Sudbury Street, Boston. This bird has been seen for several years, and efforts were made by numerous parties tO effect its capture, but without success, until Mr. Marston became the fortunate possessor." I JEfA S. A CORRESPONDENT of the Boston Transcript states that one cause of the great falling oflT in the catch of lobsters in Cape Cod and Plymouth Bay has lately been found to bo the raking of the rocky bottom for Irish moss, which is now carried on to a great extent up and down the coast. Tde Czar Alexander has as his constant companion a big black dog, with a keen nose for assassins. Recently, when an English gentleman stood aside to let the emperor pass, the dog, regarding the action as suspicious, helped himself to the seat of the Briton's pantaloons. The emperor came up and examined the rent, smiled and departed. Ho offered no syllable of apology. A FINK living specimen of the Tasmanian devil — a singu- lar marsupial animal — has been received at the Smithsonian Institute, probably the first over seen in this country. In general appearance the animal is a curious mixture of bear cub, fox and raccoon, the expression being rather that of a bulldog, owing to the massiveneis of the jaws. Marsupials, as is well known, are specially characteristic of the Austra- lian region, the American opossums (Didelphidm) being the most notjiblo exceptions to the rule of that reslricloil geo- graphical distribution of this sub-class of mammals. 592 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. A BOX in the suburbs tried to ascertain the other day the soundness of the proverb, " Birds of a feather all flock together." He plucked the old rooster down to a sin- gle tail feather, and it didn't flock at all, but wont and hid under the barn. Thus is another old saw smashed. A robin's nest was lately taken from a pear tree in Massachusetts, the materials of which it was constructed having been selected with great taste. It was composed of a lady's collar with a cambric centre and lace edging, and several yards of lace two and four inches wide. The nest had evidently been abandoned by the occupant, whose in- come was probably not sufficient to justify living in such style as would be required in such a costly residence. The Scientific AmeTican gives the following method for curing a horse of " cribbing." The writer says : " I had a three-year-old addicted to the habit. I tried various rem- edies without success, the horse growing worse all the time. Seeing the animal always kept his head nearly in line with his body, I so arranged the stable that he could not get a resting place for his teeth except on the manger. This I put on the floor of his stall, and kept him confined for a short time. This was done two years ago ; and although he has frequently been allowed to exercise in a lot, I have not seen him indulge in the habit. Others have tried the ex- periment with like result." It is the custom at the United States salmon-hatching establishment at Bucksport, Maine, under charge of Mr. Charles G. Atkins, after stripping the spawn and milt from the fish, to return them uninjured to the sea. Each fish is, however, generally marked with a platinum tag, so that it can be identified if it return. An extra price is oflered to the fisherman for any of these tagged salmon. During the present summer no less than seven of the fish so marked in November, 1373, were received by Mr. Atkins. Unfor- tunately, however, only the wire band remained, the tags having been worn oflF or destroyed in some manner. These were all females, in good condition, and well provided with spawn. LoYE OF Ploweks. — Love of flowers seems to be a national trait of American people. They strew flowers in each other's paths and in their own. In theatres they extinguish the foot-lights with boquets. They enlarge the button-holes and fray the stitches thereof by the constant insertion of stems. This in the city; in the country — why, the very jail windows of our country towns are covered with honey- suckles and climbing roses, where the bees carry shame to the vagrant in the cell. Nay, some good souls are busying themselves to introduce the cultivation of flowers into our State Prisons, to try on rough criminals their soul-purifying effect. In almost every villa glitter the panes of a con- servatory. Every truly American garret contains flowers. With the exceptions of the French the Americans cultivate more plants for pleasure than any other nation on the globe. Are not our Christmas trees laden with the products of the glass and china factory ? And do not the maidens, our cousins, knit for weeks beforehand to provide us with a pink mat for each ? And does not that show our floral taste ? Even in our literature we are floral. A pretty novel that would be, indeed, in which somewhere or other the heroine was not described in the act of tearing the petals of a holly- hock or a tube-rose, while Augustus, with blushes and pal- pitations, expressed the emotions that burned in his bosom. Origin or Things. — Cinderella's fairy god-mother, when she made a satin robe from rags, performed a feat no more wonderful than many miracles which are every day wrought by the modern artisan. Nearly all the things that we throw away in the alleys, or 6ven through our drains, are valuable, and after going through the hands of skilled work- men, come out in new shapes and have new fields of useful- ness. Our gelatine was originally rat-skin. Choice toilet soap is furnished by defunct cats and dogs. Perfumery owes its existence to coal-tar. Toilet-powder is found in drains. Choice ale is flavored with putrid cheese. That obnoxious animal, the skunk, supplies the ladies with lotions for the complexion. "We call largely on the animal creation for both necessities and luxuries. Tatting-shuttles, crochet- hooks, dice, etc., once adorned the jaws of a horse. Guitar and violin strings have been indispensable to the comfort of Grimalkin. Hair-brushes first saw the light on the back of a hog. The crinoline, that stiffens the bottom of ladies' dresses, was originally used to switch the flies from the back of the horse, and the mattress, on which you sleep so comfort- ably, served the same use before it fell into the manufactu- rer's hands. As for the clothes we wear — who can count the vicissitudes they have endured before assuming their present shape ? All our fine stationery comes from the rag- man's bag — well may the scented, rose-tinted sheet blush for its ancestry. All this goes to prove that we cannot well be fastidious in this world, in which the origin of all things is — dust. ,» Dogs at Damascus. — Mrs. Burton, writing from the East, relates some singular facts regarding the dogs in Da- mascus, Syria. She says they form a community by them- selves, about eight thousand strong. The Moslems think it a sin to kill them, but find sport in stoning and maiming them. They live on the public ofi'al and sleep in the streets or wherever they can find a resting place. Each dog is assigned to a certain quarter and a given company, and is not allowed to stray beyond his limits, the dogs in that beat giving him rough treatment. Police arrangements among them seem to be eflicient and inexorable. The dogs of each quarter communicate with their neighbors whenever im- portant information is received. Mrs. Burton says she has often listened to them at night with amused wonder. While profound stillness reigned, suddenly a dog could be heard coming down from the side of the mountain to the border of the village. The dogs there met him, and soon a general barking began. Then one dog was dispatched as a messen- ger to the middle of the village, and soon all the dogs of that neighborhood were barking in chorus. Again a single dog would start for the farther end of the village, and the same process would be repeated there. " Whatever the canine news is, in aboiit twenty minutes it is passed round to all the dogs of Damascus." A more curious fact was the sen- tinel care exercised over Mrs. Burton. She treated them kindly, and took pleasure in feeding them, and her kindness was evidently reported to the whole community. Whenever she went out, a dog, apparently appointed for the purpose, accompanied her to the border of his boundary, when, as she says, " he appeared to pass us on to a friend in the next boundar}', to wag his tail for a bow, and take his leave as a savage chieftain would frank you from tribe to tribe." She was never left without a sentinel by her side till she reached home again, The Damascus dogs must have clear ideas of law and order, as well as of the claims of gratitude. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. "asroT :foe. itsielf — but ipoia a.IiIj.' Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, OCTOBER 7, 1875. No. 40. THE CULTIVATION OF FISH In this country is coming to 1)0 an important moasure, mid a prospective source of wealtli and comfort but littlo appreciated. Tlio present year's reports of the Fish Commissioners in the ditteront States, and in the last report of the United States Oommission especially, afford us very interesting evidence of the progress and promising growth of this en- terprise in various parts of the country. From the outset, this undertaking has proved largely successful, and hundreds of %mateurs, farmers, and others, at different points, who have the facilities for indulging in this agreeable work, have tried the experiments recom- mended by the earlier venturers into this new field with singularly satisfactory result.^. An exchange assumes that " no rural business is more easily managed than this, if driven on a small scale, even ; and that none can bo made more profitable, relatively, for the amount of money necessarily invested." In this respect it is not unlike the judicious raising of poultry. It needs care, some attention, an inconsiderable outlay of capital, and causes but little trouble wlien once underway, where the necessary water advantages are at hand upon the farm or estate. For example, a small spring with an outlet is re- quisite. This should be stocked with young fish, and the beginning is made. It will be understood that the fish must bo fed, as other live-stock nuist bo. This feed may be made up of inexpen- sive materials — corn meal, dough, bread crumbs, or table refuse. The farmer who has such a spring upon his place may raise fresh- water fish enough, after a year or two, to supply the wants in this rc-ipect of an ordinary family, it i« averred In many sections, fish-culture is now carried on upon an extensive scale to supply the markets; and hundreds of tliousands of young ones (as well as in the spawn) are now transported from the leading establishments, in all direc- tions each season, in answer to the demand by new begin- ners in this agreeable rural business, where the novices have the proper facilities for growing lish upon their premises. This is a very interesting subject, and its prosecution is coming to be a very important work among us. There seems to be no good reason why fish-culture, on n small or Uxt^c scale, in proper locations, should not become an institution of consequence in America, from the present promising outlook. In times of nionu-nl on thyself depend, Nor trust too far thy servant or thy friend ; With private views, thy friends may promise fair, And servants very seldom prove sincere. THE NEW FOREST IN ENGLAND. Thk London Daili/ Telegraph, in describing the historical New Forest in England, says : " At present the area of the forest is computed at about fi3,000 acres, exclusive of about 20,000 acres of private freeholds which are situated within its boundaries and which have attached to them common rights. There are, moreover, about 40,000 acres of freehold land lying outside the cncienie of the forest, and possessing common rights in like manner. The scenery of the now forest is absolutely unique in its beauty — there is really no- thing to be compared to it in England, or, we may add, without fear of being taxed with exaggeration, in the world. Spots equally lovely, perhaps, each in its own peculiar style, may be found dotted over the surface of the globe. But traveled taste will unhesitatingly declare that there is only one new forest. Those who have not visited it can never realize its beauty. The sketches which were recently on view at the exhibition in Regent street could only convey an idea of detached portions of the scenery. "To form anything like a correct notion of it as a whole one must wander through it slowly on foot or on horseback. Its great charm is its infinite variety. One passes, from som- bre clumps of ancient tiin her, out upon open heaths lying in the bright sunshine and gay with the flower of the gorse, which, as the popular saying lias it, ' is never out of bloom but when kissing is out of fashion.' An officer who marched through the forest when the Autumn manceuvres took place in Hampshire, corroborates the assertion that no one who has not seen the place can realize its manifold charms. lie de- clares that he had no idea that there was such scenery in England. He dwells upon the striking contrasts presented by the wild, open, rugged heath, and the shade of the prim- eval woods. ' As glade after glade,' he says, ' was traversed, and the lovely tints of beech, oak and bracken were viewed from different aspects, the impression created was that of passing through Fairyland.' " ICE IN LONDON. " I WENT out in the steamer, so as to make arrangements for the arrival of the bark and cargo, delivered my letter, talked with parties, and felt perfectly sure that I had struck a vein. In due time the Sharon, having made a good pas- I sage, arrived in the Thames. The thing had been talked ■ over so much, that the cargo of Boston ice was as well advertised as it could have been in the columns of the Timca. But, after all, it appeared to them a strange fish that no one dared to touch. My feelings were just about the temperature of my ice, and wasting as rapidly. At last I was introduced to the Chairman or President of the Fishmongers' A.^socia- tion, an association which I was not long in discovering had 594 FAXCIEES' JOUEXAL AXD POULTET EXCHANGE. the merit of wealth, if not of social podtion. He was sociable. and seemed to comprehend mv position if I didn't his. 3iatters were soon arranged : a magnificent hall or saloon had been secured. I ascertained that my barkeepers, through constant drill, had attained the correct sleight of hand in mixing the drinks. The hour arrived. The hall was long and brilliantlr lighted. After the company was seated, the chairman introduced me and the subject matter of the even- ing's discussion, ^ow, thought I, I am all right. At a given signal the well-trained waiters appeared, laden with the different drinks. The effect was gorgeous, and I expected an ovation that no Yankee had ever had. But alas! the first sounds that broke the silence were : ' I sav — aw, waitaw, a little 'ot wataw, if you please; I prefer it "alfn" 'alf. I made a dead rush for the door, next day settled my bills in Ijondon, took the train for Liverpool and the steamer for Boston, and counted up a clear loss of §1200." — F. H. FoEEES, iVi Seribner for August. THE BTmNHAM PEDIGREE OUTDOHE. A "TEST seaxciimg invesiigaiion -ivas carried on a few years ago, in the north of England, by two families, who were searching up their respective ancestry. The strife was great between ihem. Each one determined to look back into antiquities farther than the other. One of the families, whose name was Spencer, employed an artist to paint a his- toric scene representing the building of the Ark, and the loading-up of the ship by Xoah and his sons with its multi- farious and varied cargo. On the gang-plank leading to the deck of the Ark two men were seen rolling up a large box, on one side of whicb was painted in large letters : " Belies, insignia, and papers belonging to the Spencer family." This was considered a eoup-d' eiai hard to beat. Bat the other family, determined not to be outdone in the antedilu- vian pretenses of their name, prepared at great cost and r^earch a record of their antiquity. In describing the exploits of one of their ancestors at a very early day, who was represented as a man of authority, this remarkable parage cccurs: "During this year Adam and Zve were driven out of Paradise ! " PodLJF^Y DEp^l^Tf^EfJT. 50ETHWESTEEN FAHCIERS. "We have been having trips among the fanciers' for some time in your valuable joumaL It is a very pleasant part of the paper to me, and I judge it is so with the balance of the subscribers ; and, wade-ing in on that principle, I take the liberty of telling you about a trip to some of the North- western fanciers. Several weeks ago in company with a brother fancier, I visited the yards of S. H. Seamaas, Wauwatosa, "Wis., about six miles from Milwaukee. The drive out is a pleasant one, through a fine coimtry, dotted here and there with dwellings and bams of modern make, with wheat, barley and corn-fields filling the spaces. Arriving at the grounds of our friend, we were met by the gentleman who gave us a cordial and hearty welcome, in a style original to Seamans. It was not necessary to tell him that we came to see the chickens, for the first thing we said after the greetings were over: "Whereare the chicks from the imported English eggs? Opening a wicket gate, that leads into his garden, he called, "chick, chick, chick," — and, in response to his call, there came out from under the asparagus about forty of them — Buffs, African Bantams and Cochins ; all looking exceedingly well, and giving promise of fine birds. "We then visited his hatching or nursery house, facing the south, with a sash roof for the south front. It is 12x12 feet, divided in the centre by a hall or alley, with doors of lath about every two feet, built in this manner. After look- ing this over, we went to his chicken house — a building about 80 X 16, divided into twelve apartments, with long runs from the south and north. Here w^ found twelve varieties of fowls ; it would be hard to say which was the best, for Mr. Seamans does not have any trash on his place. Perhaps his "White-crested Black Polish might be named first, for they are grand one^. Then we took up a line of march around his grounds to see the breeding-pens. I did not count them, but I think I am safe in saying they numbered fifty coops scattered over about twenty acres of ground. Stopping once more at another poultry house, we looked at his Light Brahma chicks, a per- fect crowd of them as near alike as two peas. "We bade him good bye, and returned home saying to each other, that we had had a pleasant time and had seen chick- ens hard to beat, and a friend whom we could safely say was a fancier in every sense of the word (my wife says, if I do not write faster than I am now doing, that this will reach you only in lime for a Christmas story.) A week after this a party of four went out to Brookfield, "Wis., to see ilr. Phil book. "We did not find him at home, but met his wife, who entertained us and bade us look around for ourselves, which we did, and found a great many fine birds — his Bantams especially claiming our attention. We waited until nearly six o'clock, when we drove home. Thb place is situated at the junction of the Prairie Du Chien and La Crosse Divisions of the Chicago, Milwaukee, and St Paul Kailway, about fourteen mile& from Milwaukee. The following Saturday Mr. Seamans, my wife and self, took the one o'clock train on the Chicago road, and then branched off on the Chicago and Pacific, and brought up at Elgin, Ills. Here we were the guests of Mr. M. "W. Elliott, another of those whole-souled men that we find in the fancy. Mr. Elliott is nicely situated near the bank of the river and his chicken house and yards are on the side of a hill. He is not at all troubled with damp grounds. His poultry house is the picture of neatne», and if he keeps on with the zeal and determination that he has shown so far, he bids fair not only to be one of the best breeders, but one of the noted ones. There is no such word as fail in his make-up. He is breeding Bantams. Buff, Black and Partridge Cochins, Black L^hornE, and Pyle Games. Sunday we all rode down to Geneva, and called to see Mr. Piatt. Here we fotuid a farmer-fancier, who not only FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 595 knows a good bird when he sees it, but he breeds them iind keeps his stock up. Leaving there wo returned to Elgin by another road, passing field after field of corn, all looking splendid and bidding fair to yield a largo crop of the golden ears. Arriving at mine host we found a hearty supper ready for the parly, gotten up under the care of Mrs. Elliott, who knows how to please. Just think of it, you who live in the city, all the milk you want to drink, and not watered milk either. The next day we went to Chicago; rode out to sec Messrs Lamb and Willard, whom we found busy at work, but they took the time to talk national show. While there twelve o'clock came around, and with it an invitation from both Messrs. Lamb and Willard to dinner. Bro. Willard being a boarder in that part of the city, we squatted with Lamb, not, however, until we looked at some of the best Dark Brahmas that ever grew — which, by-the-way, he does not intend to exhibit at the big show. Time and space will not permit mo to say more except that we arrived home all safe with the idea that chicken men are not at all chicken-hearted. Yours, etc.. Dart. (Tor Fanciers' Journal.) PERSONAL "DEFENSES." Editor Faxcieks' Joukxal. Dkak Sir: I have been a subscriber and constant reader of your spirited weekly from its first number, and shall continue so to be, hereafter. I like the weekly form of issue for many rea.sons. We get fresh current matter often, and may thus learn what is transpiring from week to week, regarding our poultry and pet-stock interest, without being obliged to wait from month to month, to get this agreeable and useful intelligence. Tou give us a good variety too, in your handsomely printed columns, as a rule. But I am among those fanciers who do not " fancy " so much of personal controversy, as you have obligingly indulged some of your leading writers in, in the past two years; and I want you to allow me to say this, because, although I am only one, yet I feel confident that I thus express the senti- ments of many of your patrons. We all of us like such able correspondents as Wright, Burnham, Van Winkle, Halsted, Bestor, Todd, ct als., when they write upon general subjects of interest to the fraternity at large. Their suggestions, and the results of their long and studied experience in chicken, dog, rabbit, and pigeon matters, are valuable to novices and fanciers universally, when they confine themselves legitimately to the afiairs in which we all take so lively a concern ; but their repeated personal bickerings, and individual grievances (which for the most part appear to my view far more imaginary than real), have come to be tedious, unprofitable, and irksome, and I sincerely think that the brief but expressive wish of your clever Dutch correspondent, in a late number, that they may all " yust dhry up," now, will be heartily seconded by your numerous readers, and that the paper we pay for, as a poultry and live stock journal, may not hereafter be made a vehicle thoy may monopolize with their long-winded dis- sertations and fearful discussions about matters strictly personal to themselves, and of no possible utility, interest or value, save to the belligerent individuals who thus impose upon the good-natured editor and disgust his readers. Upon page 50-5, of Xo. ST, you threaten us with another dose of this character, I observe, which you hint that you "withhold for the present, until you rw;eive a copy or charges," etc. Now, must we all bo bored with the stale hi«tory of the " only white car-lobes in the world," interminably, in future numbers of the Fanciers' Journal, a.i wc were former- ly with the everlasting (but never decidi-d) "origin of the Brahmas?" or as w.- have been latt»?rly afinoyed with column after column of " India-rubber advertising," about prize-winning Bull" Cochins, and Paris Exposition Houdnn eggs? We pray you, friend Wade, to bid these writers, once for all, in the pungent language of "Yon .Schucken Ghoster," to dhry ub ; we have had a surfi-it of this thing. It does us no good, and it is not the province of your other- wise excellent Fanciers' Journal to follow their trivial dif- ferences farther. The poultry public care nothing about the squabbling of these men, which simply serves to advertise them and their stock gratis, by these means, and largely to occupy your columns with unwelcome tirades about nothing, while we who are not so glib with the pen, and are less notorious, are compelled to pay for our advertisements, and submit to having our favorite paper crammed, week after week, with this personal assault and defence, to no good or proper purpose. Now if you will publish this article, I have no doubt it will be read with satisfaction by all your friends, and that no one of the parties alluded to herein will find fault with its suggestion. It is unjust to you that their disagreeable contentions be forced into your columns, and it is not fair towards the patrons of the Fanciers' Journal, that the paper we all like so well and hope to see a grand success, continuously should be half-filled every week with this objectionable kind of matter. Thus I think, and I believe most of your friends will agree with me. W. S. GREAT BELT POULTRY YARDS. We clip the following description of the Great Belt Poul- try Tards from the Parker City Daily, the editor of which visited the above yards and jotted the following description for the benefit of his readers : " Probably few of our citizens are aware of the fact that within half a mile of the city limits there exists a poultry establishment of considerable importance. It is neverthe- less a certainty. " Yesterday, through the kindness of Mr. J. M. Lambing, the proprietor, we enjoyed the pleasure of a drive to the yards of the institution, and were surprised to find such a variety of the valuable fowl. The title by which the insti- tution is known among the poultry fraternity and their journals is the ' Great Bolt Poultry Y'ards," of Parker City, Pa. They are located on tho B. B. Campbell t"arm, about half a mile south of Boar creek bridge and near the residence ' of Mr. Lambing. There are fourteen yards varying in size. Some are from ten to fifteen feet in width and from sixty to I eighty feet in length. Others again are smaller, and each I is surrounded by a high picket fence. There is one house , about ten feet high containing eleven apartmcnU, and an- other similar containing six. Each apartment is supplied with a stone fountain which contains about one quart of ' water. The vessel is nrranged on the principle of the foun- tain inkstand and is very convenient for watering the fowl without permitting them to bathe in it. The manner of feeding is much the same. The food is placed in a small funnel-shaped bin, with a key near the lower end. A little trough is placed at the bottom, and as the chick picks the i grain out, more falls in its place. An aperture for the fowl 596 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. to pass out into the yard is made by a slide door drawn up by a rope and pulley from the centre of the building. The rooms are all nicely whitewashed and kept clean and pure. Besides these buildings and yards there are acres of space for the young chickens outside, and a number of small wire coops for the hen with chickens. " The poultry consists of nothing but pedigree stock, such as the Light Brahmas, Black Hamburgs, Brown Leghorns, Black-breasted Bed Games and Black-breasted Red Game Bantams. Some of these fowls are very valuable ; one named Poquonnock, No. 999, on pedigree record, was purchased by Simmons, of Oil City, at a cost of $100, and another, Ben Ledi, 2777, cost $75. " These Mr. Lambing secured at a sheriff's sale of Simmon 's property. The entire stock are not only beautiful to look upon, but are very valuable. Last week Mr. Lambing disposed of eleven chicks for $110, or an average of $10 each. His stock at present consists of about four hundred hens and chickens. " Mr. Lambing is a life member of the American Poultry Association, and was a short time ago elected a memher of the Executive Committee of the same at a meeting held in the Metropolitan Hotel, New York. He is thoroughly posted on the chicken and hen question, and would render valuable assistance in organizing a poultry association in this neighborhood, which would be of great benefit to the agriculturists of the country and others interested in the culture of the feathered tribe. Among those interested we might mention Mr. Bachelder, who also possesses a large poultry establishment on the bluff, in this city. In fact it is fully equal to that of Mr. Lambing's in arrangement, but is much smaller and the stock is not so large, nor is it quite equal in quality. Mr. Goldsborough also is said to have a strong inclination to excel in the same art. Why would it not be a good time to begin to organize a first-class poultry association in this district? There is nothing to prevent it, and it certainlly is a matter of importance to the community as well as benefit to those who would become members." (For Fanciers' Journal.) A VOICE FROM OLD BERKS. As I have never noticed, in your columns of the Fanciers' Journal, anything from the old County of Berks, I thought I would contribute, at least, a short article to the valuable columns of your Journal, and strive to tell you what I saw at the Berks County Pair, held lately. As it was noised abroad that the exhibit of poultry, pigeons, and pet-stock would be unusually large and interesting, I thought I would embrace this opportunity of viewing the " Show." After procuring a ticket, I entered the inclosure and wandering about the grounds, viewing the lads and lasses, collected in groups, munching pea-nuts and the time honored "lep-cucka" of old Berks. I strolled toward the flying stages, and saw the folks "swinging around the circle," to the music of an old dilapidated bass-drum and violin, which was minus of two prominent strings, at least I judged so from the music of it; but we are aware music hath charms, etc. Next, in bright glowing colors, I saw the bill announc- ing on exhibition the same fat woman— like some of the fowl, had not missed the fair since I can recollect. But we will pass on to the poultry department, and relate in brief what we saw there. I happened to get to the extreme end of that department, and noticed, in the coop at the end, an old gobbler. I did not notice what specie he was, but thought of the approaching Thanksgiving dinner, when I should like to then view his proportions on a table graced with all the necessary accompaniments of a holiday feast. The next coop contained, as I supposed, his lady and family, consisting of eight or ten little ones, which presented quite an interesting feature. I also saw a large number of coops containing diminutive breeds denominated as Bantams — speckled, black, white, and all colors imaginable, and the little cocks vying with each other in their loud demonstra- tions, and strutting about showing their conceit and pride to the modest little hens which were in the same coop. I noticed a great many of the common fowls of this class had been awarded premiums, and, for the life of me, cannot conjecture why they did not give a premium to a coop of perfect little beauties, known as "Sebrights," which were good, and I do not hesitate to say, that those whose duty it was to judge, in that matter, did not understand their busi- ness, or know anything about fowls, as would have been noticed by anyone who is conversant on this subject. A friend at ray elbow asked me to go and see the life- members of this department, and I could not conjecture what he meant by that. So he led the way, I wondering where he would fetch up at, and he stopped square in front of a coop of what were called Buff Cochins. I asked why they were designated as life members. He answered, that as long as memory had served him, the same noble speci- mens had graced this show annually, with their presence ; and by closely observing them you could notice they were growing gray, instead of their original buff color. There is a profound secret connected with these self-same fowls, that they invariably carry off the highest premiums awarded. And why? (Echo answers, " because they belong to one of the ring.") But that is generally the case at this Association. Breeders who have good stock will not bring them to the fair, as they know there is not competent judges selected. And why do not the officers see that a few good judges are selected from the many reliable breeders of this State, and asked to act in that capacity, for the time being ? Then there would not be that partiality shown in that and other directions. There were a few coops of common geese and ducks ; also, a pretty fair specimen of Light Brahmas, and some good Partridge Cochins, also, a good coop of Golden Spangled Polands. The others were hardly worthy of note. In conclusion allow me to suggest to the breeders of fancy poultry and pet-stock, in Berks County, that they form an association and organize to exchange their experiences, views and experiments, in the rearing and breeding of fowls, pigeons, etc., so as to increase the interest, and in the introduction of new and valuable birds, holding an annual exhibition, showing by the united efforts that of those who may connect themselves, that we mean business with us. The pigeons I almost forgot to mention. There were a good selection of ordinary birds. Carriers, Barbs, Pouters, and a quantity of common ; also a few coops of Guinea pigs, and a number of rabbits, but I did not notice one fancy rabbit in the whole lot. There is room for im- provement in the pet-stock department, and I hope Berks County may very soon boast of a first-class poultry show, and a good, thoroughly organized association. If all the breeders would take our excellent journals and works re- lating to this particular, I think that more interest would be awakened, and that we could show to those who are now designated judges in such matters, that they really do not know anything about fowls or pet-stock. A Visitor. FANOIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 597 (K(ir FaiiciurV .roiinial.) BEEKS COUNTY FAIR. 1,AST wiM'li wiis tlin tiiiio siil iipurt for the liolding of tho luiiiuiil Ai;i-i(;ull,iinil and llorlieuUural Exliibitioti of tho County of Horks, wliioli has jiistcomo to a close ftt Reading, tho Capital of "Alt Bni'ks." This "fair," us it is known amongst tho masses, is not only intended for the exhibition of big jiumpkins, lovely rustic gals, cabbage heads, itinerant hiunbugs, Indian doctors, courageous beaux on (lying-horses, and "sieh ; " hut, we are gratilled to say, that poultry and ])igoons also receive due attention. This department is in- creasing in interest with every succeeding exhibition, but wo must say that we cannot, under any consideration, con- cur in their modo of judging the qualities of fowls exhibited, which apparently is only done by the appearance, regardless of the points, which they should deem tho most important in awarding |iremiums. Wo, for one, at least, should not entertain the least idea of exhibiting, unless the present modo was dispensed with, and tho National Standard of Excellence (tho true guide)adopted. Tho display was comparatively large, but tho stock gen- erally was lacking the true requisites of first-class fancy stock; and it is sincerely hoi)ed that tho society will see the importance of these suggestions with the advent of another exhibition. Uowever, we do not wish to censure the mem- bers, for they performed their duties as their conscience dictated. Tho display of pigeons was not what it should have been, but few line birds being on the grounds, although the col- lection of inferior birds was large. We herewith append a complete list of exhibitors, with names of poultry and pigeons exhibited. POULTRY AND PIGEONS. The poultry and pigeon department was very full, as fol- lows : M. and S. George, Game chickens ; W. W. Feather, four coops Carrier pigeons — a fine collection ; Augustus Wontzcl, lied Brahmas; Elam Heclilor, Leghorns; J. G. Zerr, pigeons ; Evan Lewis, White Leghorns ; Alvin B. East, Black Tumblers; Daniel A. Beaver, Buff Cochins; Samuel Fegely, Buff Coehins ; Morris Weaver, pigeons; Edward Kremp, white rabbits and pigeons ; James Walker, pigeons; George Miller, rabbits; Adam Kline, pigeons; James Groff, rabbits ; Kalph Fry, pigeons ; F. E. Wenrich, rabbits ; George Soigfried, pigeons ; F. D. Rohrbach, young rabbits; John A. Hiester, fancy pigeons ; Walter S. Miller, Guinea pigs; John Drenkcl, vSpanish chickens; John Cu- nius. Light Brahmas; William Lightheiser, Houdans ; B. Billman, bronze turkeys; W. Lightheiser, Silver-Spangled Hamburgs; B. Billman, mixed geese; Adam Lorah, Sil- ver-Spangled Polands ; B. Billman, very line Toulouse geese; G. K. Linderman, White Leghorns; Mrs. Doctor Kitchen, half-breed Bremen geese; G. K. Linderman, Dark Brahma and AVhite Poland chickens; J. W. Holmes, good Black Spanish fowls ; J . II. Hunter, a hen nine years old ; J. G. Zerr, White Leghorns ; J. G. Audenrcid, White Leghorns; J. B. Wagner, White Leghorns and Spangled Hamburgs ; Daniel llarner, Brahmas ; N. Vagel, Dark Brahmas; Augustus Hafer, Golden-Spangled Hamburg and Dominique chickens ; .lolin Hohrer, Partridge chickens ; Herman Solig, Partridge Cochins; Harry McCauloy, Buff Cochin crossed with Light Brahma chickens; John M. Cunius, Golden-Spangled Polands; G. Baus, Buff Cochins; John M. Cunius, Silver Gray Dorkings; Joseph Shceler, White Leghorns; Joseph Hornberger, young chickens; Simpson Angstadt, Black Spanish ; W. A. Arnold, Buff Cochins; H. R. Luucks, Light Brahmas; John Kchrer, Bantams; Mrs. Mattern, Muscovy ducks (not good); John A. Ruth, China Pheasants; Jo.seph Huntzinger, Muscovy ducks; A. Potteiger, PhcaHant chickens; Evan Lewis, China ducks; Irvin Polteigcr, Bantams ; Evan Lewis, Im- perial Pekin ducks; John Becker, China Pheasants; Fred- erick Buck, Black English ducks; Charles Frees, White Bantams; Irvin Bacdencup, Bantams ; Mrs. Shannon, Blue Pheasants; Charles Ruth, White-Spangled Hamburgs; C. Ludwig, Bantams ; Daniel Beyler, Golden-Spangled Ham- burgs ; Conrad Ludwig, young Bantams; Joseph O'Reilly, Sicily chickens; Isaac Troop, Pheasants; Julius Wagner, guinea pigs ; Aaron Kline, Bantams ; Julius Wagner, Sil- ver Pheasants; Howard Tea, China Pheasants; Howard Schaeffer, Bantams; Howard Tea, Bantams; Aaron Kline, rabbits; James Bredlin, Bantams; George Seigfrcid, rub- bits; James Otto, Bantams; Mrs. Dr. Kitchen, Guinea fowls; George Boas, Bantams; Edwin Minnich, Bantams; Irwin Frees, Game Bantam ; George Fry, Bantams and Pheasants ; Harry High, China Pheiusant-s. HAMBunoH, Pa., Septonilior 18, 1875. PerO-NiXON. (l'"er which side of the barn ho went out at, but expects his bucket down in a few days. Another Novelty is Henoloqy.— Mr. William H. Pamphilion, living at No. 64 IJamsoy St., , is the owner of a hen that laid an egg on last Sunday, which is at- tracting considerable attention. Tho egg, which is fully developed, has a miniature lobster's claw attached U]>on the outside. A large number of persons have already examined the curiosity, and Mr. Pamphilion proposed to chargw a small admission fee hereafter to pay for the wear of his""car- pct and his attention to strangers.— Z)ai7y Xetcs. 604 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. When Colonel Gildersleeve was in Europe this summer, with his famous " rifle team," who brought away all the honers at the international shooting matches, in Ireland, he met Victor Hugo, the famous author, and invited him to come over to the American Centennial celebration. The latter thus replied : " I cannot say whether I shall be able next year to accept your honorable invitation. I hope so, and most sincerely. I should be happy to salute with you the grand date. July is an illustrious month — it saw the Bastile fall in France and the Kepublio born in America. I thank you most heartily, and shake your cordial hands." ADTERXIS£MEKTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure- ment), eacb number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be m.ide on Pkompt Payments. For three months 12J^ per cent, discount. " six months, 25 " " " nine months, 37J^ *' " '* twelve months, 50 " " CHAKTGEn AS OFTEX AS DESIRED. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- tion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. Exchanges and Wants, limited to 48 words,must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and every insertion. «®- Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. NoNPAKEiL Measurement. Count your lilies by this rule, from line to line. 3. B. TCCKEBMAN", Eaton, N. Y., will exchange Silver hunting- case watch, in good order, for Dark Brabmas, Partridge Cochins, Golden Polands, or Pouters. Make me an otfer. BE WITT ClilSTTOHr, No. 10 Fourth Avenue, New York City, will exchange one black walnut extension table (eight foot); only one left. Also, one chest cabinet maker's tools, and one cherry work-bench, used by cabinet makers or carpenters — for poultry. Who offers? CROZER ORIFFITH, Upland, Delaware Co., Pa., has some fine Light Brahma pullets, early hatch, good size, and well marked — to exchange for first-class Houdans, pullets or hens. MOBTTVCE POUI,TT YARDS, Brooklandville, Md.— For ex- change, a splendid pair Blue Magpies, won first premium at last Baltimore show. Also, a pair of Black Trumpeters. Whatoflfers? F. TAXEOR, Oakdale, Delaware Co., Pa., will exchange one Beagle slut pup, seven months old — for two hens and one cock of Blue, Black, Yellow or Red Winged Turbits. Must be good birds. Excfj/^rJqES. JS^ Advertisements in this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty Eight Words, describing and offering for exchange only, will be allowed at 35 cents for each and every insertion. y. PEPPARD, Box 114, Basking Ridge, N. J., has one trio of good White Cochins (Berry's strain), to exchange for a breech-loading shot- gun or rifle (Stevens' preferred), a good, amateur printing press, or lot of job type. Satisfaction guaranteed or no trade. J. E. BtARTIiElT, Keunedyville, Md., will exchange a Maynard breech-loading carbine, good as new (with one dozen brass shells and slug moulds), for Chester white pigs (breed guaranteed), or good shot-gun. 0£0. W, I>IXON, Box 18S, Worcester, Mass., will exchange a (self-color) Lop-eared doe. 8 months old, sooty fawn, earage 17 inches long by 4 wide, about to kindle, served by a 20-inch buck— for pure white Guinea pigs. Also, Irish Grey Game Bantam fowls for a (broken color) Lop-eared doe, earage not less than 19x43^, Also, White Game Bantam fowls and cockerels for Cigar Press, moulds and straps, or Fawn Angora rabbits (Brackett's stock). W, H. JEFFRIES, Irwin Station, Pa., will exchange a nobl>y coach slut, 18 months old, and Brown Leghorn chicks (Kinney's stock), for No. 1 Light Brahma or Houdan fowls or chicks. W. B. ATHERTOJf, Newton, Lower Falls, Mass., wants to ex- change his White Polish chicks. His fowls have taken premiums h.\ the New England Fair, and at Concord and Framingham. ANTHOWY SHEFFEIiB, Florence, Mass., will exchange a Florence sewing machine, fancy pigeons, White and Black Leghorns — for Dark Brahmas, Partridge or Black Cochin, Bufl" Cochin cock, or White Cochin chicks, White-crested Black Poland Dorkings, or Pekin ducks. Only birds wanted that will figure ninety points. C, B, E1.BEN, Pittsburgh, Pa., will exchange one pair Black Afri- can Bantams, old or young, six hens and one cock good Brown Leghorns —for Light Brahma pullets. A. M, CAREX, Selinsgrove, Pa., will exchange Dark Brahmas' Partridge Cochins, B. R. Games, also, Brown Leghorn cockerels— for Light Brahma, Brown Leghorn, Houdan, or Buff Cochin hens or pullets. Write and describe. ABRAHAM PERRT, Monroe, Chenango Co., N. Y., will ex- change American watch, two male Canary birds, and new cage, one black-and-tan slut, twenty White Leghorn cockerels, lot of Dark Brah- mas, three sets of stencil tools, and one set of stencil combination — for good poultry, White Leghorns, Houdaus or Aylesbury ducks. S. B. HEATON, Monroe, N. Y., will exchange one cock and six hens, pit Game, a lot of common pigeons, violin and bow — for Pekin or Rouen Ducks, Toulouse Geese, Bronze Turkeys, Fancy Pigeons, Hou- dans, New Standard of Excellence, or any of L. Wright's books. B. F. AI.TENBERFER, Lebanon, Pa„ will exchange a large flock of good Tumblers and one pair of Black Baldhends— for other kinds of Pigeons, Poultry, and Books on Pigeons, Poultry, etc. Anyone want- ing a good bargain, make me an offer. E. A. ICNISKERSr, Carlisle Centre, Schoharie Co., N. Y., to exchange one pair choice Pea-fowls, three years old, for Fancy Poultry or Small Pets; Toulouse or Bremen Geese preferred. Give full descrip- tion of stock, and please send no postals. What offers? W. B. COCHRAN, No. 140 W. Biddle St., Baltimore, Md., will exchange one pair White Pouters, one pair Blue-wing Turbits, one pair Yellow Owls— for Black Turbit cock, Yellow Turbit or White Owl hen; solid colors and good^ "W. B. COCHRAN, No. 140 W. Biddle St., Baltimore, Md., will exchange B. B. Red and Silver Duckwing (Bicknell stock), White Geor- gian or Derby Games— for Buff Cochins or Light Brahmas. JVEIAN HUTCHINSON, Harrisburg, Pa., will exchange a Green Parrot and cage, valued at Slo, for other property. What offers ? J. E. MASON, Box 422, Hornellsville, N. Y., has to exchange four Houdan hens and one cock — for Carrier Pigeons, Song Birds, B. B. R. Bantams, or Pointer pup not less than four months old; and one Duck- wing hen for a B. B. R. hen. BE WITT CEINTON, No. 10 Fourth Avenue, New York City, has for exchange one set of light Single Harness ; has been used but little ; cost when new $60; they are complete. Also, one pair extra-fine Single Reins — for good common breed of Chickens, or Fowls for laying. TOWNSEND "W. COX, Box 384. West Chester, Pa., will exchange one Exhibition Coop for Red Grosbeaks and one male Mocking Bird. The cage cannot be beat in this State, 30 x 40 inches. OEITER S. RACKEEFF, Woodford's Corner, Deering, Maine, will exchange one pair White Carriers, one pair of White Jacobins (pearl eyed). Black Jacobin cock and Blue hen — the three pairs for a first-class pair of Yellow- Wing Swallows. No others wanted. Mine are first-class. W. S. ROCKHH.E, Hamilton Square, N. J., will exchange D. B. cockerels, Lop-ear buck, Sharp's Breech-loading Rifle, and first 14 num- bers Wright's Poultry Book — for L. B. cockerel and pullets. Give age, strain, and say how many for all or part. J. KEEEEY, Coventry. Chenango Co., N. Y., will exchange one open-faced Silver Watch, or Bufi'Cochin chicks, for Light Brahma chicks. What offer? Must be premium stock. G. E. BACON, Riverside, Conn., will exchange one '-Comey " L. B. cock and eight hens; one Upham Plymouth Rock cock and eight hens (Drake's stock); also, about twenty AVhite Leghorn cocks, cockerels, hens, and pullets— for a Jersey heifer or Brown Leghorn pullets. OEO. S. WHEEEEB, New Ipswick, N. H., will 'exchange Ayles- bury Drakes— for Aylesbury Ducks. Mine are good birds and same expected. Also, Bronze Turkeys (second generation from stock weighing sixty-six pounds to the pair). What offers? CHAS. SHAFEB, 208 Franklin St.. New York City, N. Y., will exchange a nice Cocker Spaniel dog, three years old, full breed, and perfect in every respect. Cost SoO last spring. Need L. and D. Brahmas, Houdans, W. C. B. Polands, P. Rocks, Pekin, Aylesbury, and Rouen Ducks, Trees, etc. Jersey Calf Heifer. R, S. TBASK, Alleyton, Newayga Co., Mich., wants to exchange Game Fowls, for a pure-bred BuU-dog. H. E. HONEY, Marlow, N. H., wants to exchange one cockerel and four hens W. Leghorns, one trio P. Cochins, one trio S. S. Hambur^s — for S. S. Hamburg pullets. Golden-penciled Hamburgs, or Silver-penciled Hamburgs. What offers? AEFRED A, BEROW, Lock Box 702, Watertown, N. Y., will exchange one fine Blue-red Game Stag, singing Canaries, and steel spurs — for Brahmas, Cochins, or ducks of any variety, except Rouen or Cayugas. A. M. H AESTEB, Rye, N.Y„ will exchange Himalayan, Dutch, or Angora Rabbits; Calcutta Fantail cock; Plymouth Rock hen ; Herstine Raspberry Vines ; Summer and Winter Blooming Plants (pot grown, suit- able for conservatory or house). See wants. G. R. HEIGES, Box 314, York, Pa., will exchange his fine White Plush Goat, thoroughly broken to wagon and sleigh, and excellent harness —for choice poultry or pigeons. What other ofl'er? FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHAl^GE. ■isroT rpoia itseijIf — but ifou, ^IjXi.' Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, OCTOBER 14, 1875. No. 41. WHOLE COLOR OF JERSEY CATTLE. TilKUE is no denying llu: I'liut tlml thu brooders of Jersey catUo lire very much prejiidicod in fiivor of wholo-eolored Jorsoj'S, wliothor fiiwn,griiy, or liluck ; in tho oarlior stages of this fancy, quality was in many cases sacrificed for color. But, since the wliolc-color has been thoroughly established, llic. brooders of this favorite variety of cattle in Pennsylvania, liavo, by careful selection and iiniiortinggood whole-colored animals, raised tho standard as liigh as the parti-colored animals over stood. Any one can bo easily satisfied of this fact by visiting the herds of Mr. Charles L. Sharpless, Col. Henry Thomas, or the small herd of select animals owned by Mr. John Yewdall, all of this city. A few days ago we saw a whole-colored fawn heifer on tho latter gentleman's place, on pasture, alone, which was giving twelve quarts of milk jier day. Tho herd of Mr. Sharpless runs to fawn and gray, while that of Mr. Thomas is black and probably the only black herd in this country. In roforoneo to ono of his heifers, he writes us as follows: " I have a black heifer which dropped her first calf July 'J-t, 1875, being at that time '2i'> months old. She was put to test the third week after calving, when she gave twelve quarts of luilk, daily, which yielded for the first week eight and three-quarter pounds of butter ; she has since increased her yield of milk to fifteen quarts per day. Can any of your readers beat tho above." It is some time since we visited tha herd of Mr. Sharpless, but wo have no doubt but what he can show equally as good a record as the above. In reference to this subject, the editor of tho Agricultural Gazette writes as follows : "If tho value of Jersey stock is torest on color, deteriora- tion will surely follow of those useful qualities that are far more noticeable in the old-fashioned parti-colored cow, than that which will bo found among the generality of line, high- bred, whole-colored fawns, grays, or foxy, so-called Jerseys. I have owned hundreds of acclimated Jersey stock and have never, as a rule, found the whole-colored such large pro- ducers, as many parti-colored ones ; in fact by far the most butter-producing cow I have ever possessed, was not onlv parti-colored, but tho most ugly and ungainly beast of tho lot, yet her slock have never failed to show tlieir large but- ter-making qualities. Tho true type of a Jersey cow is in fact an animal that will not make moat. I do not sav that this is not improved upon, by acclimatization and a slight introduction of a hardier breed, of which what are termed Cliichcster Jerseys are tho best description ; neither do I say that Jersey breeders in tho Island itself have not in some instances a breed that shows a disposition to make some flesh, and very probably may then by following up tho requirements of fashion ; yet I maintain that a pure Jersey should throw the bulk of her feeding properties into butter, and but little to flesh. The parti-eolored good cow may not have but a white spot, especially under the belly, but throughout the body tho rich yellow skin, under any colored hair, will be found, black, white or fawn. I have seen tho commencement of a whole-colored herd, the property of a noble duke, to obtain which I have seen wealthy and large producing cows sold off to prevent an animal remaining with tho slightest stain of other than one color. I have heard from good authority that usefulness has been sacrificed for fashion in this instance, which, if followed up, as it rapidly is, I have no doubt that the future rich Jersey will bo beef, not butter, as it was." THE FALL TRADE— BUSINESS IMPROVING. Since the panic, and during tho whole period of stagnation that has supervened, ono well-defined duty, or obligation rather, of every journal throughout the country apparently has been to anticipate periodically, with a degree of assurance in inverse ratio to the knowledge possessed, the advent of bettor times. On tho breaking up of winter, spring must show a change ; on the return of the upper ten thousand from the summer resorts, in the fall, everything would be all right. The pity of it has been that the prophecy in every case has proved a delusion, until wo may quite safely suppose that all confidence in the prophet has been forfeited. So demoralized, in fact, has tho latter become that recently we saw it stated on tho same good authority that, instead of there being any chance of a change for tho better, things were far from at their worst, and were, in fact, going down in a gradually descending scale to some point that the imag- ination could not picture. The reason for this conspicuous failure to discern the signs of the times lay in the theoretical nature of what was put forward ; there were no facts to build upon. A lively imagination is sometimes a healthy stimu- lant, but it is experience that teaches. AVithin the last few weeks, however, there has been a great change, and we find everything wearing a more cheerful, though perhaps a subdued aspect. This time tho change has come not in word but in deed, and not in a startling and sud- den reaction, but in the signs of a uniform and general re- covery from the collapse of 1873. The cro|>s in the Wcil, tho Southwest and the South promise abundance, and buyers from those sections are coming to the commercial centre to make their purchases. A groat many of their stocks must have becomo depleted during the long-prevailing inaction, but their purchasing is described on all sides in singularly like terms. They buy cautiously, they scrutinize as to quan- tity and price, and do not want to lay in more stock than they know they can pay for, and at the regular time. A very notable feature of this improvement, and one much commented on, is the recuperation of the South, the increase 606 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. of buyers from that section for cash instead of credit, and the appreciation of Southern trade, lately avoided by prudent wholesale dealers. This is a great cause for satisfaction. The country cannot be in a truly flourishing state with a great portion of it devastated and languishing ; in this case it is quite true that if one member sufters all the rest suffer with it. The slowness of revival ought not to be considered a dis- couraging symptom, for the caution in purchasing, the nearer approximation to cash, are in themselves elements of safety, of security from a return to bad times. There is no feature more cheering than the generalness of the improvement. It s not in one class of trade, but in nearly all. The large wholesale grocery and dry goods houses report very satis- actorily, but nearly all others, though not speaking in anything like superlative terms, describe a very sensible im- provement.— American Grocer. PoiJljf^y '-^^^^fv^^''^NT■ (For Fanciers' Journal.) AT AN AGRICULTURAL FAIR. Dbak Jottknal : Having nothing else to do yesterday, I concluded to visit Pranklin, Pa., and take a look at the stock, especially the poultry, at the Venango County Agricultural Society's Fair, now being held at that place, and will try to tell you what I saw. As I was more particularly interested in the poultry than anything else, I took little notice of the other attractions of the place ; excepting, of course, the good-looking young ladies that always congregate at such gatherings to discuss the latest style of pin-backs, etc. ; but went directly to that particular point set apart for the display of these goods. There I met several poultry friends, among whom I will mention J. T. Bell, who had on exhibition some very line Black-breasted Bed Game chicks, and also some fine Amer- ican Dominiques ; W. T. Bell, who was showing some fine Gold and Silver-spangled Hamburgs ; Mr. Joseph Bell, a veteran fancier of Silver-penciled Hamburgs, who exhibited specimens of this variety over twenty years ago. Here, too, I was introduced to Mr. George St. George, formerly of New York Mills, Oneida Co., N. T., who gave me a history of the introduction of this last variety into New York State, by a Mr. Chadwick, Milin, over thirty-five years ago. He thinks there is no fowl equal to them, and has kept them ever since their first introduction, as above stated. Besides those mentioned, T. D. Adams and two or three gentlemen, whose names I have forgotten, had on exhibition some good Buff and Partridge Cochins, Dark Brahmas, "W. P. B. Spanish, Houdans, Bronze Turkeys, and two or three varieties of Bantams ; and last (at the end of the row), but not least (if we take the owner's word for it, and we should not doubt it), a trio of Light Brahmas. As I came up, I heard the owner tell a gentleman, unacquainted with fowls, that the cock weighed over seventeen pounds. Now, I have not the slightest idea of doubting this statement, but, after lifting the cock, I came to the sage conclusion that he weighed the bird after a hearty meal of musket balls or some other hifty feed, as ordinarily, 1 should say he would weigh about eleven pounds. On the whole, there was a fair percentage of good birds for the number of entries and the season of the year. Besides the gentlemen named, I might mention several other fanciers in and about this place, among whom are Dr. St. Clair, Jacob Sheasly, W. H. Blakely, Mr. Eose, and B. P. Smily, all of whom have some fine fowls of the difl"erent varieties known to the fancy. These gentlemen, and others, have got a poultry society formed here, known as the Venango County Poultry Association, and propose holding an exhibition on December 1st, 2d, and 3d. They start off with a fine prospect, and will undoubtedly have a successful show. The Secretary, Mr. W. T. Bell, informed me that the business men and others in Pranklin, had subscribed about $175 in special premiums already, and he thought they would make it 5100 more ; and this, with the Society premiums, will certainly tempt fanciers from abroad to bring some good stock. He also informed me that the eminent fancier, "W. P. Atkinson, Esq., of Erie, had been engaged as one of the judges, which is a guarantee that they mean to have fair dealings and no ring business. I found more chicken spirit here than I expected to find in this quiet village, and lots of fellows that subs for the Journal, and this, I have no doubt, is the secret of the ad- vancement they have made In chickenology. Next week I mean to visit Titusville, where the Oil Creek Valley Agri- cultural Society hold their first fair, and I will then tell you what the people in that vicinity know about (chicken) farm- ing. More anon from Lt. B. E. Ahma. September 23, 1875. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE TIME TO BUY BREEDING STOCK. Manx who purchase fowls, either as beginners or for the purpose of improving present stock, delay the matter till spring or late in the winter. There may be cases in which this is the best plan to pursue, but it has its disadvantages where there are no special reason for delaying the purchasing till spring. We twice committed the indiscretion of buying breeding stock in April, but shall never do it again, if we can help it. It always takes hens some time to become accustomed to a new place, and they will not settle down to business until they do. In consequence of this, when they are pro- cured late, the season's hatching will not likelj' be successful as to numbers, or the chicks will be late and not so desirable. A hen's first laying for the season will always produce the best and strongest chicks. After she has laid two or three months her vitality will begin to flag, and the chicks hatched from these late eggs will lack stamina, and will never make as fine birds as those hatched earlier. The majority of breeders will sell their surplus stock at lower prices in the fall than in the spring. Pall sales release them from the care and feeding of their flocks through the winter — generally no inconsiderable matter to -large breed- ers. Early buying aftbrds the opportunity to studj' the leading characteristics of the fowls, and get some knowledge of their disposition and habits before the breeding season KANOIKKS' JOURNAL AliD POULTRY KXCHANGE. C07 uirives. This will almost always prove interesting and usfifiil. The birds will, moreovor, hnvo accommodated tliemsolves to their new homo urid will be ready for business as soon ns tlio season opens. Eiirly buying will secure early mating. This is important where one wishes to be sure of the parentage of his (locks on the sire's side. The embryo eggs in the ovaries are un- doubtedly impregnated several weeks before a hen begins to lay. When she is promiscuously mated with several cocks, the progeny will not bo unilorm, oven though the cocks be all of the same breed. Hence, breeding stock should bo mated at least a month before eggs are wanted for hatching. Early purchasing therefore, though it may not bo best in every case, presents the following advantages, viz.: Earlier and more numerous progeny ; better developed and more desirable progeny; cheaper prices for the same quality of stock ; an opportunity to study the stock, and thus become better aciiuainted with it ; a sufficiently early nuxting to in- sure the parentage of the progeny. A. M. Dickie. IMPERIAL PEKIN DUCKS. The Imperial PiOcin duck, I do not doubt, "is a good thing to have in the family " poultry yard. The Rev. Mr. Cliff had them first, I think — away up in Connecticut, and by dint of e.xtra quaek-ing he has contrived to make a soft thing out of them. Now I see that your correspondent, Mr. Bacon, has half a dozen on the way from the land of the Celestials, direct from the Imperial Poultry Yards, at Tientzin, China. The only part of this loud-sounding an- nouncement that I query about, is this : Is it probable that this stock, being sent to the United States, comes from the Imperial Poultry Yard at all? How do outside barbarians (as all foreigners are considered in China) find access to these imperial yards, to obtain a few ducks, is what I would like to understand? And why not state what is the real fact about such matters, namely, — that the Pekin duck, so first-named by tho Connecticut man (and a very good name it was, too), comes from the port of Shanffhai, where millions of them are raised, in and and around that spot, annually? Do j'ou believe any of these birds that come here ever saw the inside of the Imperial Poultry Yards at Pekin, or Tient- zin ? Well, I do not. They are a good kind of duck ; large, pure white, distinctive in form and color, and are really an acquisition to American poultry yards, among tho aquatic varieties. Why not tell just what they arc, where they actually come from, and how readily they may be obtained by shipmasters who visit Shanghai every year ? Is anybody afraid these nice birds will ever become too common in America? Aylesiu'RY. Pm'smiRO, SoptiMuber 21, 1S7.'». LIGHT BRAHMAS AND DARK-BROWN EGGS. JIr. Wadk. Dear Sir : Again I am compelled to say a word or two on Light Brahmas, hoping you and the many readers of your valuable paper, will not tire, although thoy may learn something in poultry breeding, when they get their pre- judice otl'. Mr. G. P. Burnham says the Light Brahmas do not lay dark brown eggs, but two or three shades below that, as he has bred them for the last twenty-five years, and ho thinks he was tho first to breed them in this country. Mr. C. C. Plaisted thinks he was the first, as lie has bred them for twenty-three years. I think I can say that I have bred thom before oithor one of them. I bred tbcm in the yeai )84!1, in tho city of Vulparaifio, Chili, South America. I bought them off an English ship, thinking they were too fine for common table use, as that was tho use they hud them for . they were then called Brahmaputra, and were very long leg- ged. I bred them there for several years, from the f>hortC8t legged ones, and got them just as the dark hackled ones are hero; only, thoy all and always laid dark-brown eggs, and will do it yet if thorough-bred, do not forget it. Yours truly, Wm. I. Pvle. OCTOBBB 2, 1870. (For FaDckTs' Journal.) JUDGING BY THE STANDARD. ]iV I.-AAl- VAN WINKLE. Mr. Estes, who has been engaged for the last summer in revising the " New Standard " for the poultry fanciers of America, has completed his irksome duties. I have not yet seen tho revised edition, and therefore shall have to defer any commentaries that I may think proper to make, to some future occasion. I know of no person better qualified for this object than the above named gentleman ; his familiarity with the details of the subject, his art of arrangement, his largo experience and good taste, should enable him to give us something approaching perfection. I am fully aware of how much I have written on this subject; but, if it is to be our guide to judge by, and that the sum of our judgment is to be determined by a certain number, as 75, 95, or 100, and I believe such a system to be founded on a mistaken nature of the true rules of art, there can be no great harm in dis- cu.ssing the question. My convictions on this subject are strong, and I have not yet seen anything written on the subject to shake my belief. A fair criticism I can answer and cordially invite, but I hope such an invitation will not call out an article that my self-respect forbids me to notice. I have always tried to be tolerant, and very tender of other peoples' feelings — more so than has generally been accorded to me — but I have always felt so conscious of my own in- tegrity, that I could atford to bear some of the burdens of my fellow-men. I look upon a Standard as useful only to amateurs. It is their alphabet. They must first learn the various charac- teristics by which the numerous varieties of fowls are dis- tinguished from each other. A Standard enables a beginner somewhat, without other assistance, to study out the good qualities of a fowl, and at the same time it points out the most prominent and radical defects, so that he may sit at his own cottage door and learn to his own satisfaction what is an ornamental as well as useful fowl. No doubt it is the best initiatory lesson for becoming a good judge, as this kind of study practices the eye and cultivates tho taste. The judgment, however, is improved by comparison ; and it is by comparing a great number of objects of the kind together, that a fine sense of discrimination is doveloi>ed. By com- parison the boundary of our comprehen.sion is enlarge*.!, and we are enabled to take in more at a single view; and our taste or sense of the beautiful becomes more subtile and refined. Richtcr or Lessing, tho latter I believe, says that "education is revelation." The more the mind is educated, the more it has revealed to it of the true, the beautiful and tho good. But it is not every mind that is susceptible to these refined laws of sesthetics. Few are the natures so sharply turned that the softest breath of the zephyr causes the whole living organization to vibrate harmoniously like 608 FANCIBES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. an ^olian harp. Eare are those plastic souls which em- body all that is spiritual, and purify and ennoble into spirituality all that is material ! One person may look upon a landscape and take in all its beauties at a single glance ; ■while another may admire the snug farm-house, the fields of waving corn and wheat, which to him would comprise the whole sum of material happiness; while the other, whose nature is more sensuous, would not only take in all these comforts of the farmer, but his refined and educated eye would be attracted by the velvet lawn, the purling brook, the limpid spring, the sloping hills, the shades and shadows cast by the mountains, the tall forest trees, the jutting rock, the musical cascade, and a hundred other objects of nature that would not come within the retina of the eye of his companion. The world is more made up of what we call mat- ter-of-fact people. There are a great many people like that chap whose penuriousness was not quite equal to his curi- osity. Having heard so much of the grandeur and sublimity of the Palls of Niagara, he determined to give them a visit. As soon as he arrived, after a sharp bargain, he hired a hackman to drive him around to the various places of inter- est. He stood upon the edge of the cataract for a minute, and then exclaimed, " By gosh, that is a big pile of water ! Havel seen everything, driver ? " "Yes." " Well, drive me down to the next train. People make a great fuss about that noisy concern. It is nothing but water after all." It is culture that refines the taste. A student may study the fundamental rules of art, and yet never become an artist. An amateur may study the Standard for life, and yet never make a good judge. Some persons have no eye for color; others for form. They may be as deficient in these essential qualities of a good judge, as a certain Western poultry editor is on the requisites of a gentleman. It is impossible to measure the rules of sesthetics by numerical calculation. (To be continued.) (For Fanciers' Journal.) YOUTHFUL FOLLIES. No. 4. Ottr last folly wrought its own punishment. Several of us were laid up for weeks on account of colds and their con- sequences, and when released from the imprisonment thus entailed, school hours had arrived, and, in accord with pre- vious arrangements, I went to a neighboring city to re- ceive my education. My gambols were left behind me, and many were the regrets I had at thus leaving the atmosphere in which they existed. In the Southern States the finest gentlemen of the land owned, and occasionally tested, their game birds. The love for that particular variety had de- scended to them from their English ancestry, and very few families existed that were not in possession of a strain of Derby, Sefton, Irish, or English games. The strains were handled with care, and the proprietors generally had num- bers of stags walking at the negro cabins and huts of the poor whites. These birds were never sold. They might be given as presents, or might be stolen, but I never, in Vir- ginia, knew a bird of undoubted lineage exchanged for •money. Half-breds and mixed were sometimes sold by the poorer classes, whose strains were gradually formed by con- tinuous walking of stags ; but no gentleman ever sold his game fowls. Cock-fighting with them was an occasional pastime, not a business. At times, several years, and even so many as twenty, would pass without a bird being heeled ; and again, every mature bird, in the possession of the principal, would be fought out to sustain the honor of the family, for the Virginian of old times would stake his life upon his word, the virtue of the women of his family, the speed of his horses, or the courage of his game fowls. Soon after reaching the city, I accompanied a friend to a cock-pit. I unhesitatingly accepted his invitation, expecting to see, as I had seen in Virginia, a friendly match or two, under the direction of persons accustomed to lose or win without change of countenance. I was ushered through a long, dark passage into a cellar, in the centre of which a pit had been marked out, and around which was a tier of benches, filled with the most inhumanlike hoodlums it was ever my misfortune to meet. Cracksmen, coney-dealers, pickpock- ets with their pals and kids, and a full stock of beats, with here and there a gentleman or two, made up the crowd. In the pit were two professionals handling the chickens. The fight had not commenced, and the audience were laugh- ing, joking, and betting. The noise ceased when thepitters placed their birds, and the attention of every one was directed to the battle. It was a long and well contested match, and the passions of the crowd rose with its length. Before its end I was cognizant of the fact, that men in a state of semi-barbarism and outlawry, outbrute the brutes. When one bird was declared the victor, a rush was made to the bar-room with which the pit was connected, and there the most infamous squabbling was held over bets said to have been won or lost, until the atmosphere reeked with brutality and whiskey. Match after match went on, with the usual intermission for drinks, until the crowd beside itself with bestiality, burst into the pit and ended the main by a general row. My companion and I left the cellar thoroughly cleaned out and cured of cock-fighting ; although (with occasional intermissions), I have kept game fowls ever since, and have tested their courage, or had them tested. I have never been caught in such a dilemma since, and never will, unless I think the lesson necessary to cure the enthusiasm of some one of my younger friends ; and then the surest measure is just such an exhibition as the one presented. I have known many high-spirited youths who were too enthusiastic, with regard to testing their birds, perfectly cured by being placed, with money in their pockets, within the circle of a pit ; just as I have known some of the most ardent sportsmen with- draw their horses from the turf, because they would not, and could not, compete with the professional black-legs, who leave no stone unturned to make corners. The racing of horses by gentlemen is becoming rare. They stand no chance against the professionals, and there are but few of them left upon the turf, for they know too well the best horse does not always win. So with game fowls. When the friendly contest of a match or two, to test the vaunted courage of a strain, descended to the professional pit, for the fighting out of birds and the sale of drinks, the gentleman retired from the sport, and it is now as rare to see, as it was formerly not to see, in the Southern States, strains of Seftons and Derbies with their brilliant black-red plumage, or the Irish with its gray, blue, or ginger. Acquiescing in the desire of my fam- ily, I procured a trio of Burum-Pooters, birds that were also called at that time, about 1852 to 1854, Gray Shanghais, and sent them home ; also, a pair of White Cochins, which were to my judgment, nothing but Shanghais with a differ- ent name. We, however, bred them separately, and in the FANCII<;iiS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY RXCHANGE. 609 next spring had a great numbor of long-loggod, long-neekod naked frames, stalking about tlirimgh the grass chirping for food, until the wholo family was oxhausti^d preparing it for thora. Wn.r, Huiii.Kunr. NEW YORK STATE FAIR. Friknd Wadk : Inolofiod you will find tlie iiwiird of premiums given at the Now York Stale Fair, held in KImira, IVom Seplitmlicr 27th to October 2d, 1875. Asiatics. — Kir.it premium, $.'> ; second, .fi.S. Light Brnli- mas, 18 entries — Island 2d, .John il. Hall, Catharine, N. Y. Dark Urahmas, 11 entries — -Ist, J. K. Scott, Moraira ; 2d, i). C. Waterhouse, New Haven, 01. Buff Cochins, 10 entries — 1st, 0. N. Brov.'n, Unadilla ; 2d, Joseph Juliand. Partridge Cochins, 1!) entries — 1st, D. C. Waterhouse; 2d, S. H. Lanoy, Elmira. White Cochins, G entries — Isl and 2d, C. N. Brown. Black Cochins, 4 entries — 1st, E. A. Wendell, Albany, N. Y. ; 2d, Munn Jones, Havanna, N.Y. Dorkings — Colored, 0 entries — 1st, Joseph Juliand; 2d, H. L. Pellon, Penn Yann, N. Y. Silver Grays, 5 entries —1st, C. N. Brown; 2d, J. Y. Bicknoll, Westmoreland, N.Y. White Dorkings, :! entries— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell ; 2d, H. L. Pellon. American Dominiqucs, 4 entries — 1st, J. Y. Bicknell ; 2d, O. Ilowland & Co., Auburn. Haniburgs— Golden Spangled, fi entries — 1st and 2d, J. Y. Bicknoll. Goldon-pencilod— lat, J. Y. Bicknell. Silver- spangled, 0 entries — l.«t and 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Spanish — White-face Black, 12 entries — 1st, O. Howland & Co. ; 2d, S. H. Lanoy. Leghorns — White, 11 entries — 1st, S. H. Laney ; 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Brown, 10 entries— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell; 2d, C. N. Brown. Plymouth Kocks, .5 entries— 1st, J. Y. Bick- nell; 2d, 0. N. Brown. Crevecieurs — Ist, J. Y. Bicknell. Houdans, 8 entries — 1st, C. N. Brown ; 2d, Jesse Lyon, Catherine, N. Y. La Fleche— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell; 2d, C. N. Brown. Polish— WMiilo-cresled Black— 1st, J. Y. Bick- nell. White-crested While — 1st, Geo. W. Chidsey, Elmira, N. Y. ; 2d, O. Howland & Co. Other Polish, 8 entries— 1st on Golden, Jesse Lyon ; 2d, Le Roy Emhotf, Elmira. Games — Black-breasted Red, lOentries — 1st, C. S. White, Elmira, N. Y. ; 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Brown-Breasted Bed, 4 entries — 1st, George L. Whiton, Elmira, N. Y. ; 2d, C. S. White. Duckwing Game, 0 entries — 1st, J. Y. Bicknell ; 2d, C. S. White. Pyle Game, 6 entries- 1st, J. Y. Bick- nell ; 2d, C. S. White. Other approved, well-bred Games, 17 entries — 1st, S. H. Laney ; 2d, C. S. White. Game Ban- tams— Black-breasted Red", 10 entries — 1st and 2d, A. K. Martin, Binghamton, N. Y. Pyle Game Bantams — 1st, G. W. Chidsey; 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Duckwing Bantams— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell. Gold-laced Sebrighls— Isl, Geo. W. Chidsey; 2d, E. A. Wendell. Black African- 1st, J. Y. Bicknoll. Other Bantams— 1st, G. L. Fletcher ; 2d, Fred- erick Wilsey. Turkeys — Bron;!o, 11 entries — 1st, Geo. W. Chidsey; 2d| Geo. Ay'rault. White— 1st, O. Howland & Co. ; 2d, S. J. Turner & Son. Naraganset Turkeys— 1st, Geo. Ayrault ; 2d, David T. Billings, Elmira, N. Y. Black Naraganset Turkeys — 1st, O. Howland & Co. Quineas — Pearl — 1st, Joseph Juliand. White — 1st, J. Y. Bicknell; 2d, H. L. Pelton. Pea Fowls — 1st, Mrs. J. H. Rogers, Elmira, N. Y. ; 2d, D. J. Turner. Oecse — Bremen — 1st, 0. Howland & Co. ; 2d, Goo. Av- rault. White China— 1st, O. Howland & Co. ; 2d, E. A. Wendell. Wild— John A. Roy, Elmira, N. Y. Ducks — Rouen, 7 entries — Isl, H. L. Pelton ; 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Aylesbury, 6 entries— Isl and 2d, J. Y. Bicknell. Black Cayuga, 4 entries — 1st, J. Y. Bicknell ; 2d, O. How- land & Co. Topknot or Crested— 1st, J. Y. Bicknell ; 2d, O. Howland & Co. Muscovy, 4 entries — 1st, S. H. Lanoy ; 2d, John H. Hall. Ki^fojis- Pouters— 1st, C. S. While ; 2d, A. K. Itarlin. Carriers — 1st, A. K. JIartin ; 2d, C. B. White. Tumblers— 1st and 2d, A. K. Slartin. Barbs— 1st, A. K. Martin ; 2d, E. A, Wendell. Winged Turbits— 1st and 2d, George W. Chidsey, Shaking Fantails— Isl, A. IC. Martin; 2d, £. A. Wendell. Jacobins— Ist, A. K. Martin; 2d, C. 8. Whito. Blue Rocks— 1st, C. S. White ; 2d, E. A. Wendell. Col- lection Tumblers— 1st, A. K. Martin ; 2d, K. A. Wendell. Hahbils — Common — 1st on Buck, S. J. Turner ib Son ; 2d on Doe. 2d on Buck, T. G. Wallace, Elmira, N. Y. Truly yours, Kr.MlliA, N. Y., October ], 1875. C. S. WniTE. RHODE ISLAND SOCIETY'S EXHIBITION. Mil. Jos. M. Wauk. DiCAR .Silt: The following is a list of premiums awarded on ]ioultry at the exhibition held bj' the " Rhode Island So- ciety, for the Encouragement of Domestic Industry," at Narraganselt Park, Providence, R. I., October 6, (J, 7, and 8, 1875: The fowls were judg'^d by the two prominent breeders of Brahmas and Game Bantams, Messrs. C. G. Sanford, of Providence, and D. H. Brown, of Pcacedale, R. I., and Mr. H. F. Olncy, of Providence. The judging was thorough and satisfactory to all concerned. Dark Brahmas — Isl J. Vo.sc ; 2d, C. & J. H. Cushing. Light Brahmas — Ist, C. Russell; 2d, C. & J. U. Cushing. White Cochins — Isl, W. & F. Hazard. Partridge Cochins —1st, W. &-F. Hazard ; 2d, J. Vose. Buff Cochins— 1st, W. & F. Hazard; 2d, J. H. Jordan. Plymouth Rock.* — 1st, G. T. Wheeler. Dominiqucs — 2d, J. B. Hayward. Gray Dorkings — Isl and 2d, G. Dillenberger & Son. Sil- ver-penciled Hamburg.s — ^Istand 2d, G. Dillenberger & Son. Black Hamburgs — Isl, G. Dillenberger & Son. White Hamburgs — 1st, C. & H. Cushing. Golden-penciled Ham- burgs—1st, John Becker. Bolton Grays — 2d, E. B. Phil- lips. White-crested Black Polands — 1st, S. P. Bullas. While-crested While Polands — 2d, G. Dillenberger ic Son. White Sultan.s — 1st, W. Buckley. Brown Leghorns — 2d, G. C. Hazard. Houdans — 1st and 2d, J. Vose. Guinea fowls— 1st, C. Rulel ; 2d, B. Moore. Pea fowls— 1st, G. Hayward ; 2d, B. Moore. Games — Black-breasted Red — Isl and 2d, G. Dillenberger & Son. Ginger Red — 1st and 2d, G. Dillenberger A: Son. Blue-Reds— G. Dillenberger & Son. Bantams — Golden Sebright — 1st and 2d, W. & F. Hazard. Silver Duckwing Game — 1st, W. Buckley; 2d, G. Dillenberger & Son. Yellow Duckwing Game — 1st, G. Dillenberger & Son. Pyle Game — 1st, W. Buckley. Black- breasted Red Game — 1st and 2d, W. Bucklej-. Oecse — Embden — l.*t, D. Ralph. Toulouse — 1st and 2d, H. Ralph. White China— Isl, H. Ralph. Hong Koni;— 1st. H. Ralph; 2d, G. Hazard. Wild— 1st, W. Colennin ; 2d, G. Hazard. /)hc/,s— Pekin— 1st & 2d, S. P. Bullas. Created— 1st, G. Hazard. While Muscovy— 1st, W. Pierce ; 2d, G. Dillen- berger & Son. Cayugas — 1st, G. Hazard. Pigeons — Pouters — 1st, G. Dillenberger & Son. Carriers —1st, S. P. Bullas. Fantails— Plain-heads— 1st, S. P. Bul- las. Crested— Isl, W. B. & F. B. Hazard. Tumblers— 1st, F. P. & E. Burlingamo. Jacobins — Isl, G. Dillenberger Jc Son. Turbits — Isl, F. P. & E. Burlingame. Nuns — 1st, W. B. & F. B. Hazard. Antwerps— 1st, G. Dillenberger & Son. Swallows, Magpies, Barbs, and Trunijicters — 1st, F. B. & E. Burlingame. Archangels and Owls — 1st, S. P. Bullas. Spots and Ring-doves — 1st, J. Peck. Best Collection of Live Birds — 1st, G. Dillenberger & Son, and 1st on each of the following: Linnets, Bobolink, Parrot, Skylark and Warbler, Black AmscI, Drossel, Gold- finch, Chaffinch, and Bullfinch. Also, 1st for best display of Canaries and German song bird. Jiabbits — 1st prize buck and doe, J. Hill ; best self-color buck and doe, W. Rilev ; 1st on each best broken-color buck and doe, J. Hill ; Be..^t pair, J. Hill. Gray— 1st, 0. Bed- ding. Respectfully yours, PrOVIDESCK, Octolwr T, 1S75. GCSTAV C. DiLLESBERQER. What may be done, with care perform to-day : Dangers unthought of will attend delay ; Your distant prospects all precarious are, And fortune is as fickle as she's fair. 610 FANCIBES' JOUKNAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. (For Fanciers* Journal.) HOW HE WAS CURED. BY SPANGLE. I AM not in the fowl-raising business so largely as I was once. But when resident in the country some years ago, I loved pigs and chickens. I used to know a Cochin from a Shanghai, then. I do not, now. The hen fanciers have contrived to get up so many new breeds of late years, that it is hard keeping the run of the varieties. I remember, however, that our hens were bought for " the kind that laid two eggs a day," when they did not miss it, altogether. There are none of this breed about now ; but, including the cost, the feed, the care, and the trouble attend- ant thereon, that " improved " chicken-raising was a fearful conundrum, and I give it up. I merely mention this cir- cumstance as introductory to a brief rejoinder responsive to the query of an ardent experimenter who seeks for infor- mation upon a subject that occupies the attention of a good many suburbans who have been similarly afflicted latterly, as in former days, around us. A prominent drug house in the city, advertises, " A cure for the hay and rose fever." A patron in Schoharie, asks if anybody has ever discovered a cure for the hen-fever ? I am not competent to answer this query myself, but for the benefit of the anxious inquirer mentioned, the following statement of facts are furnished, which, as an example, may afford the querist on this subject a ray of light, perhaps. A man we will call Quort (though this in not his name, by a jug full), who lives in D , less than forty miles out, took this fever badly, some years ago, and the disease, which was then epidemic all over New England especially, stuck to him several months with a virulence that promised to be altogether incurable. From the diminutive Bantam to the colossal Shanghai, from the crested to the bare polls, of all colors and sizes, feathered shanks and smooth legs, Mr. Q. obtained, through reliable sources and without regard to price, a trio e'ach of the different breeds of domestic chickens — sixteen kinds in all. He built extensive hen-houses, fitted up his establishment nicely, commenced to empty a grain store, in his neighbor- hood, of its corn, meal, shorts, middlings, barley, wheat, and oats, and found himself eighteen hundred dollars out, on the day he discovered the first egg in one of his fowl-nests. But he was a good mathematician, and he figured out his " pros- pective " profits in this undertaking, thusly : " It will pay in the end," he said to himself. " Here is an egg. This is tangible. The hen's first effort. She is but one of thirty- two I possess. They will all lay within a week, and daily. They will continue to lay through the season. Thirty-two eggs daily, say, for eight months, will give me about eight thousand eggs, this year. From these fancy breeds, eggs command $6 a dozen, or fifty cents each, $4000 in the aggregate for my eggs. Good ! Meanwhile, I will raise also thirty broods of chicks from these birds, an average clutch will be ten. Three hundred chickens at $10 each (the price I paid for my stock), will be $3000 more, $7000 in all, on thirty-two fowls. Capital ! A fortune ! I've got the hen-fever to some purpose." By November following, one-third of Q.'s stock had died with roup. His Cochins and Shanghais had eaten him al- most out of house and home. Eggs were worth twenty-two cents a dozen in market, but he had none to sell, and his fowls had become so lousy and mixed up in their coops that he could tell neither from which. Before Christmas he was to "sell at a sacrifice," and did. Everything was cleaned out, and he counted up less than a hundred dollars received for all he possessed in the fancy chicken line In his case the fever speedily abated, and he was effectually " cured I" I suppose Mr. Q. did not begin right, and knew nothing about the business. How many similar cases occur even nowadays ? And how often is heard the complaint "it don't pay," by those who indulge in these great expectations, without making the slightest calculation upon the "outs" of the chicken trade ? Albany, September, 1875. PiqEO[J DEp;\F^J|VIEflj. (For Fanciers' Journal.) NORTHERN COUNTIES COLUMBARIAN SOCIETY (ENGLAND). Thb September monthly meeting of the above society was held at the Cathedral Hotel, Manchester, on the evening of Monday the 20th. This was one of the best monthly shows we ever saw, especially in the Barb and English Owl classes. A good number of leading fanciers were in attendance, in- cluding Dr. Finder, Messrs. Kidpeth, "Wright, Holland, Unsworth, Bingham, Bowman, Major Cryer, Bluhm, and many others. Four regular classes and a variety class were on the pro- gramme for the evening, the first being for English Owls (blue), thirty-one entries, among which were some of the best Owls in the kingdom. Mr. Unsworth, Mile End Hall, near Stockport, was first with the Blue cock which won at Kochdale and Birmingham; in head, beak, gullet, frill, color, and carriage he is excellent. Major Cryer, South- port, was second with a young Blue cock, excellent in head, beak, gullet, and frill, but deep in moult. Mr. Eggar, of Fallowfield, near Manchester, was third with a young cock, good in all points and showing a marvellous rose. Barbs, Black or Dun, twenty entries, Major Cryer was first with an exceedingly promising young Black cock, grand in head, eye, and beak, and small in size, the same bird which won first at Bellevue, second Palace, etc., as a young bird, last winter ; second. Major Cryer, a very promising Dun hen; third, Mr. John Brown, Esq., of Kingley Brow, Stoneolough, near Manchester, a Black cock, rather large, but in capital condition. Flying Tumblers (Almonds or Mottles) did not produce a large class, but Mr. Brown's winner was a handsome Eed cock. Yellow Jacobins. Some excellent birds were shown in this class, but Mr. Eoyd's birds were absent. Mr. Eggar was first with a young cock, good in all points ; Mr. H. Crosby, Esq., Sale, near Manchester, second with an older cock. The any variety class produced a number of birds, which have won at the leading shows throughout the kingdom. In this class six equal firsts were awarded, which still left FANCIBUS- JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 611 out several birds worthy of prizes. Mr. Garside, Durham Place, Lower Broughton, Miincliester, received an equal first for a very brilliant Kc^d liarl) in color, almost equal to a eayonno-fed Norwich canary ; Mr. Unsworth for his well- known Silver Owl code ; Mr. Holland, 219 Clieetham Hill, Manchester, for his Silver Dragon ; Messrs. J. Wright, Esij., 15 Rochdale Koad, Manchester, and A. Bingham, Esq., Kochdale Road, Manchester, for their well-known Ant- werps ; and Mr. U. C. Bowman, Esq., Higher Broughton, Manchester, for an excellent Blue Fantail. Messrs. Pinder, Ridpeth, and Morgan were the judges. THE HOMING PIGEON. (Continued from |mgo 59U.) cially in the latter country, more scientific methods are adopted. In Belgium, indeed, pigeon-racing is a national sport, like horse- racing in England, and it is patronized and supported by all classes of society, from king to peasant. As these interesting birds are little known in this country, we propose giving in this article some account of the most ap- proved method of raising and training them, and the man- ner in which they are utilized as messengers. The Belgian societies are very particular in regard to breeds, of which there are several varieties, the favorite being the Antwerp Carrier. A thorough-bred Antwerp Car- rier is of medium size, with a straight, smooth beak, and the circle round the eye is delicate and narrow. In color it is blue and blue-checkered, or silver-dun and red-checkered. Its flight is very rapid, and generally sustained at a great height. Great strength and breadth of the wing feathers are the most striking characteristics of the long-beaked pi- geons, which are chiefly in favor at Liege. They are pretty in shape, with round heads, fine beak ; have a certain quaint air of afl'ectation in their carriage, and are capable of swift and well-sustained flight. The pigeon societies of Belgium alone possess more than si.x thousand trained birds, and establishments for breeding and training are increasing every year. The breeding and training of Homing pigeons forms a large industry by itself. The appointments for this purpose are of the simplest character. The pigeon-loft is frequently in the upper room of the dwelling. If we take a peep inside we shall see only rows of perches, nesting-pans and boxes, and pans for food and water. The nest-boxes are of wood, rectangular in shape, with a hinged cover, sloping toward the floor, and pierced with two open- ings to admit the occupants. At the base of each opening is a sill, on which the pigeon alights on entering the box. One box serves for a pair of birds. They are arranged along the side of the loft whore the light is obscure, as the birds prefer a darkened room at nesting time. Each box is fur- nished with two nesting-pans of earthenware. The perches are round pieces of wood, and the arrangement of these in the loft is a matter of the utmost importance. They should be placed directly in front of the nesting-boxes, or very near them, so that each pair may at all times stand guard over their own domicile ; otherwise, as the pigeon is a quar- relsome and aggressive bird, a domestic war might break out in the loft, which would bo attended with disastrous conse- quences. The feeding-pans and troughs for washing, of which the pigeon is very fond, do not essentially vary from those used in ordinary poultry-houses. The Homing pigeon has many enemies, against which the most careful precautions are necessary in building the lofita. Cats often make dreadful havoc among them when negligent keejiers have left the door open. Another enemy is vermin. Those frightful pests are kept at bay only by the uttiiost at- tention to cleanliness in the loft and boxes. The interior is whitewashed at least one a year, and the floor is constantly strewn with tobacco leaves and snuff. Some trainers hang lavender and sage about the walls, as the pigeons are said to be exceedingly fond of aromatic odors. Fig. .3.— Trap and Area for Pigeon Loft. Another indispensable feature of a well-constructed pi- geon-loft is the "trap," to regulate the ingress and exit of the birds. This comprises a dormer-window, a cage, and a trap-door. The dormer-window is of moderate dimensions, in height less than in breadth, with a projecting platform, which serves as the foundation of what is technically called the "cage." This is usually made of wire lattice- work, is oblong in shape, and fits exactly in the window-frame. To this is fitted a trap-swinging door, so arranged that a pigeon alighting on the platform can enter the cage, but cannot push it open from the inside. The door is also fitted with a cord, by which the keeper can open and close it at will. There are, of course, many varieties of pigeon-lofts, accord- ing to the fancy of the proprietor. One of the most ap- proved models for the interior is shown in Fig. 4. I'lii. 4.— Model Pigeon Lofi. The most successful proprietor and trainer of pigeons in Belgium is M. Verhalst, of Courtrai. His e.^lablishment is a model of picluresqueness combined with every modern improvement. It is an old Flemish farm, the buildings of which have been converted into an extensive nursery for breeding and training of pigeons. Everything about (To be continned.) 612 FAIMCIBJRS' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. i d& ANCIERS'J|OUENALANDgflOTJLTEYypXCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prop. A. N. Raub, Associate Editor. Published Weekly, at 39 North ITiiith Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, by mail, XT. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. MOORB'S "WORK ON PIOEONS. We have received a copy of this book, by John Moore, of London, England; reprinted by Jos. M. Wade, Philadel- phia, Pa., who has done American pigeon fanciers good service in placing this valuable book within their reach. Prom a hasty perusal, we judge that it is a standard work, sure to be appreciated by the pigeon-loving portion of the public— FoMWry World. THE VALUE OF PRINTERS' INK Is appreciated by the best men in the land, who have made fortunes in their specialties through advertising their wares well, in the right kind of papers, and at the proper time, in a liberal way, and by keeping the facts regarding their stock for sale before the people who are constantly, more or less, in want of the articles they offer to sell. A poultry publication like ours is not a local journal, and its circulation is quite different from that of the secular weeklies, generally. Our paper goes into all the States and Canadas, wherever there is fanciers, poulterers, and pet- stock dealers. We are constantly at work in the interests of this class, and their goods are the kinds that may be advertised to ad- vantage in our pages. The dry-goods merchant, tailor, or grocer would not expect to reap the advantages from adver- tising with us that he would naturally obtain through other and local channels. But, people who are seeking information about poultry, pigeons, rabbits, water fowl, birds, dogs, and other pets, look to the columns of such as the Fanciers' Journal for this gen- eral information. And by this means dealers and fanciers of these kinds of stock can make them known, and obtain fresh customers. The value of printers' ink is not yet ap- preciated by all who have such stock to dispose of. But it is a good thing to avail yourselves of in a judicious way. A LITTLE "TOO THIN." The Springfield, Mass., Republican is a very excellent pa- per, well known for its veracity and generally sensible observations upon men and things. But the following par. agraph, published in a late number of that journal, we should say was a little too thin I It says : " General Washington now and then took notice of singular facts in natural history. Two years before his death, old Colonel Perkins, of Boston, then a young gentle- man, visited him at Mt. Vernon. As he was sitting with young Perkins on the veranda which overlooked the Poto- mac, a toad hopped along the ground near them, ' which led him to ask me,' says Colonel Perkins, ' if I had ever observed the reptile swallow a fire-fly. Upon my answering in the negative, he told me that he had, and that from the thinness of the skin of the toad, he had seen the light of the fire-fly after it had been swallowed. This was a new and, to me, a surprising fact in natural history.' " We are curious to know where this fire-fly went to when the toad swallowed it? Did it go directly under the skin, or into the stomach ? If into the latter, how could it be seen "through the skin," pray, even by General Washington ? We should also like to know what kind of " hop-toad " they had in those days, to be able to catch and swallow a fire-fly ? And did this " surprising fact in natural history " occur in the day or night time ? A FEW WEEKS AGO We mentioned in these columns the grand poultry exhibi- tion which is announced to come off next season, at Chicago, Ills. We have since been informed that the Western New York Society, which has held its successful shows at Buffalo, hitherto, will not hold an exhibition this coming season, but that the members have generally concluded to contri- bute to the Chicago fair instead. We are informed that the Massachusetts Society will not have a public exhibition this year at Boston. The Eastern fanciers will be largely represented at Chicago, however, and the arrangements made by the National Poultry Association are on a grand scale throughout. The interest that has grown up in the last five or six years all through the great West, in the matter of poultry-raising, has been remarkable. In Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Western Penn- sylvania, Wisconsin, and Minnesota, there are now scattered about, among the fanciers and farmers, some of the finest yards of fowl-stock in the United States. Many breeders there are among the most extensive and enterprising chicken men we have ever had in America, and in the yards of the leading fanciers, both of land and watei--fowl, there may now be seen the choicest varieties, and the most extensive flocks of good birds on this side of the Atlantic. We are happy to know that the success of our friends in that re- gion has been so generally flattering, and we congratulate the Western breeders of poultry upon their enterprise and zeal as well as their propriety in the direction noted. TIMELY STTGOESTIONS. We have received a score of communications recently, all in the same vein, referring to the controversial articles that have lately appeared in our columns which we have published to oblige the parties to this "war of words," but which we always prefer not to see in public print. In a late issue we printed one or two of these letters. We have always been inclined to afford our friends space to publish these articles, but we shall be much better pleased if they will send us matters that are of a general, and not of a partic- ularly personal, interest. As a rule, our readers care little about these petty differences ; and so far as the disputants have gone, they have, as one of our later correspondents expresses it, individually come out at about the same place they started from. These sharp disputes do neither party good in the long run ; and it is far better to all, more agreeable to us and the majority of our readers, that these violent disputa- tions be avoided. Upon any subject of common interest, where personal matters do not come into the controversy, we are happy always to give the views, opinions and expe- FANOIKRS' JOUIiNAL AND POULTRY K X C IT A N C E. 613 rience of hoth sides, upon nil lopics appi-opriate to (nir busi- ness, howovor widely wrilors nmy dift'i^r in tlieir judi^nu^nt or ideas. And with these sui^j^estions, wo trust thtit our friends will, in the future, spiiro us from si repetition of the proceedings complained of, and which it is most desirable to avoid hereafter in our columns. ]'1IOTO(IRA1'I1 HECKIVKD Of "Bruno," a Saint Bernard dog. Color, bronze or brown and while; height, 28 inches; weight, 142J pounds; age, three years. The jiroperty of R. K. Sieg, llayden- ville, Ohio. thb new standard. Mr. Editor. Before the last Convention of the A. P. A., I sent you a communication which you, for rea.=ons, no doubt good, did not publish. In it I called attention to what I deemed some of the defects of the old standard, which 1 hoped would not appear in the new. Some of these were the want of a full and com])loto description of each variety, and in such de- scription the use of the same order and phraseology as far as possible. I had hoped that, notwithstanding the non- publication of my article, that there were many members of the society who saw the same defects and who would be present at the meeting and have them avoided. I am sorry to say that my hopes have been blasted, and that, in my opinion, with all duo deference to the parties responsible, the new standard is as bad, on the points to which I called attention, if not worse than the old. Evidence of a careless, incapable or trammeled editing is furnished on every page. It goes forth with authority, yet its defects and errors do not so entitle it, and should not be so received by any fancier desiring the elevation of the standard of fancy poultry. I do not wish any to take my assertions, but to examine for themselves. If after such e,\amination they do not come to my conclusion, let mo hear from them. Creisheim. [The article alluded to would have been published but for the fact that it got mislaid, and did not turn up until it was too late. It was not so important a matter, at that time, as " Creisheim " seems to think, as the employing of an editor at all, proves that the Association was fully alive to the fact that the errors pointed out by " Creisheim " existed, and it was to remedy those errors that the editor was employed. — Ed.] The Silk Harvest of tue World. — According to a report just published by the Syndicate of the Lyons Union of Silk Merchants, the silk crop of Europe last year was, in round numbers, 9,050,000 pounds of raw silk, while there were exported from Asia 11,500,000 pounds, making upwards of twenty and a half million pounds of raw silk available for European consumption. The countries in- cluded in the report are Italy, Prance (with her dependen- cies, Corsica and Algeria), Spain, Greece, the Turkish Em- pire, Georgia, Persia, India, Japan, and China. The tirst and the last together supply four-fifths of the silk used in Europe. China exported, chiefly from Shanghai, upwards of 8,000,000 pounds. The crop of Italy amounted to 0,;iOO,000 pounds. France supplied l,(i00,000 pounds; Spain, about 810,000 pounds ; Greece, less tlu\n 30,000 pounds ; the Turk- ish Empire, 1,180,000 pounds ; Georgia and Persia, together 880,000 pounds; India (from Calcutta), 935,000 pounds; Japan, something over 1,'2()0,000 pounds. AND YOONO fOLK'H COILS' Kl'.. LITTLE BROWN HANDS. [The followinj; pocin was writtin liy Mnry II. Kroui.of Crawfordstlllc Ind., when its author wuh in her thlrliinUi 5>ar.l They drive home the cows from the pasture. Up through the long, shady lane. Where the (|uail whistles loud in the wheat field That is yellow with ripening grain. They find, in tlw thick waving grasses, Where the .scarlet-lipped strawberry grows ; They gather the earliest snowdrops, And the lirst crimson buds of the rose. They toss the hay in the meadow. They gather the elder-bloom white, They find where the dusky grapes purple In the soft-tinted October^light. They know where the apples hang ripest, And are sweeter than Italy's wines. Tlicy know where the fruit hangs the thickest, On the long, thorny blackberry vines. They gather the delicate seaweeds, And build tiny castles of sand : They pick up the beautiful sea-shells — Fairy barks that have drifted to land. They wave from the tall, rocking tree tops, Where the oriole's hammock nest swings, And at night-time are folded in slumber By a song that a fond mother sings. Those who toil bravely are strongest; The humble and poor become great; And from those brown-handed children Shall grow mighty rulers of State. The pen'of the author and statesman, The noble and wise of the land. The sword and chisel and palette. Shall be held in the little brown hand. {r..-p..rlid r.ir I'-aiiciors' .Tnurnal.) ARRIVALS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, For the week ending Oetoher ."i, 1S75. 2 Horned Owls [Bubo Virginianus) . Presented by S. W. Lane, Pennsylvania. 1 Copperhead Snake (Co/Hinc «ryMro^(is<l;i:,H^ St:uu|is, aud back numbers of " Frank Leslie's Boy's and Girl's Weekly "-for any variety of fowls. What other offers? C. E. COOK, Union, McHenry Co., Ills., will exchange five Embden Geese (two old and three young), they have won three first prizes this fall against strong competition ; also, one Aylesbury Duck, bill little de- fective— for Wright's Illustrated Book of Poultry (bound) and a copy of new standard. Books to be sent C.O.D. for inspection. Speak quick. RUmS MOROAN. Raleigh, N. C, has stereoscopic views (artistic size) of North and South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, California, and scenes from southern life — to exchange for Light Brahma fowls and choice strains of pigeons. Write. WM. OEENN, Westchester, Pa., will exchange Dutch Rabbits for Brown Leghorn or Hamburg chicks. Who speaks first? JAMES H. McCARTIN, 105 E. Thirteenth Street, New York, has two pair Kersey Horse Blankets, in good order; valued at §25 — to ex- change for other property. H. IIEDE91AN, 183 Division Avenue, Brooklyn, E.D., New York, will exchange Carriers, Pouters, Tumblers, Pigeons, and W. C. B. Poland hens — for a nice Setter dog, well broken. Give color, age, and size. Also, nice C. Spaniel dog to trade for Light Brahma pullets and W. F. B. Spanish. JAS. H. PHIEEIPS, Coventry, N. Y., has first-class Brown Leg- horn and l^lymouth Rock cockerels, Buff Cochin pullets, to exchange for Plymouth Rock and Light Brahma pullets. Poultry must be No. 1 in size and markings. C. E. li, HATWARB, Peterboro, N. H., will exchange Black Leghorns (Reed Watson's stock), White Leghorns, Light Brahmas, White Cochins, Partridge Cochins, Buff Cochins, and Rouen Ducks— lor fruit trees, etc. ABRAHAM PERRY, Monroe, N. Y., will exchange Stencil Implements, consisting of iwo sets Brass Letters, one set Figures, Ink, Brush, all ready for use, express paid — for one pair Pure-bred Poultry, express paid. Every one wants. Send poultry. Lot of Tumbler Pigeons for Poultry. M, VON CUIilN, Delaware City, Del., has to exchange thorough- bred Setter Whelps aud the following books: Wells' Every Man his own Lawyer, The Wood Turner, Fruit Culture, Chemistrys, and Medical Works — for Fowls and Pigeons. Leghorns and Hamburgs especially. J. C. liONG, Jr., 39 North Ninth Street, Philadelphia, Pa., will exchange three hens and one cock P. Cochins, good stock— for one trio Plymouth Rocks. Good birds. F. A. PENNINGTON, Delaware City, Del., has to exchange three hens and one cock Golden Hamburgs — for a pair of Yellow or Red Fans or White Carriers. Want nothing but first-class birds, as mine are. CUARIiES lilPPOIiB, Lancaster, Pa., wants one Yellow Trum- peter cock, well booted, and a White Turbit hen, also a pair of White Jacobins — for which he will give Game fowls, Guinea Pigs, or any variety or Fancy Pigeons or Singing Canaries. E. G. BAGEET, 36 Taudes Street, Indianapolis, Ind., wants one set of Single Harness for small horse. Will give one cock Canary, one pair Dark Brahmas (May hatch), from premium stock. 1>AVID T. HEBNER, Monroe, Orange Co., N. Y^, will exchange one tine young Beagle Hound, good hunter — for Pure-bred Poultry. Prefer Buff Cochins and Houdans, Aylesbury Ducks, Toulouse Geese, or Bronze Turkeys. "W, M. WARD, Peabody, Mass., will exchange D. B. hens— for a good thorough-bred Pointer Dog Pup, from four to six months old. Must be good, as the hens are. Please describe pup. C. B. EEBEN, Pittsburg, Pa., has fine Light Brahmas and Brown Leghorns to exchange — for a Portland Cutter. GUSTAVE HIJNOED, No. 46 Page Street, Providence, R. L, will exchange a fine black Setter Slut, well broken— for double-barreled Shot- gun ; also, three Setter pups fur Shot-gun, talking Parrot, or Cutlery. PIERRE BAERT, AVinnsboro', S. C, will exchange one Winches- ter Carbine, good as new, eo.st $40— for Dark Brahmas, Buff Cochins, or P. Cochins, cocks and hens. Must be large and good stock. OEIVER D. SCHOCK, Hamburg, Berks County, Pa., will ex- change handsome and extra liiif ISIuscovy Ducks (premium birds). White Aylesbury Ducks, and Dark Brahma Cockerels— for White Cochins or Fancy Pigeons. No Tumlilers wantt-d. Send propositions immediately. T. D. ADAMS, PYauklin, Pa., will exchange Wade's Water Foun- tains (quarts, halt-gallons, or gallons), Wright's Poultry Chromes (neatly framed), cost ^2\ Printing Wheel, cost Sl5, Home Corn-shellers, and Par- tridge Cochin chicks, pairs at 83— for No. 12 Cartridges, and a good Breech- loading Rific, No. o4 or 44 Cartridges. W. AXEEE BURPEE, Philadelphia, Pa., has for exchange extra fine White and Brown Leghorn cockerels, Partridge Cochin and Dark Brahma chicks; White Cochin, Dorking, and Plymouth Rock pullels; Fancy Pigeons of many varieties, choice Chester White Pigs— for offers. See Wants. W. ATEEE BURPEE, will exchange an extra fine pair Homing Antwerps, bred direct from my best imported Belgian stock — for offers. Also, Pigeons of nearly all varieties— for live stock and poultry, Wright's Illustrated Book of Poultry, hooks on live siock, etc., etc. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Vol. II. 2SrOT E'ODB ITS EX. IF — BUT IP O 12, .A. X, L. PHILADELPHIA, OCTOBER 21, 1875. No. 42. PoJltf^Y DEpyvF^TI^'ENT- (For Fanciers' Journal.) " JUDGING AT OUR EXHIBITIONS. Thk adoption of a "Standard of Excellence" by many of our poultry societies, has necessitated some changes in the management of our exhibitions. One of the most important of these changes is the one in regard to judg- ing. Formerly, the selection of judges who were suffi- ciently familiar with existing breeds, was a comparatively ert?y task ; and the parties so selected, with but few excep- tions, brought a long perisonal experience to bear upon their arbitrations. The system which has been inaugurated by one of our leading societies, of appointing one judge only for each class, is received and has been accepted by other socie- ties as a necessary sequel to the adoption of a standard. In speaking of a system which has the sanction of some of our leading societies, we shall endeavor to yield a proper defer- ence to their judgment, but at the same time to express our own convictions from what we have received and know of its workings. "While we are willing to admit that there are apparent advantages accruing to the societies by the present system, it is very patent to any one not personally interested, that these advantages are of little value when compared with in- jury which it is capable of entailing upon the societies them- selves and the gross injustice which it can do to the contribu- tors to and supporters of our exhibitions. We are, therefore, decidedly of opinion that the managers of our exhibitions should exercise the greatest caution in making so radical a change. The experiment at ]5utl'alo was probably a very fair test of the value and working of the now system, and probably gave very general satisfaction to the officers of that society ; but the faults in the system, as applied by them, cannot and should not bo overlooked by those who have at heart the best interests of the fancy. We have elsewhere expressed our conviction, that very little dependence could be placed upon a numerical standard in determining the real value of the specimens exhibited j be- cauBO, we have believed that no two minds could place the same values upon the several points in the scale, and we were very glad to sec an application of the .sj-stem. It was hero that the one-judge idea exhibited its strongest point. It allows no opportunity for a check upon the decis- ions of a judge. He is endowed with arbitrary power to scale any specimen to meet the requirements of the standard or to bring the standard to meet the necessities of the specimens, and there is no remedy except by appeal from his decisions. If wo could place implicit confidence in the integrity of all who were called apon to perform this duty, we should rest more easily satisfied with the results ; but the application at Buf- falo shows us too plainly that human nature is sometimes in- fluenced and biased by personal considerations to such an extent as to render its judgment exceedingly untrustworthy. Let us cite one or two examples : A enters his fowls, or whatever his specimens may bo. B, who is a breeder in the same, is appointed judge, and as such is debarred from ex- hibiting. Now, if be is honest and above-board in his arbi- tration, he will award to A all the merit he can, in accordance with the requirements of the standard. But perhaps B, unfor- tunately, while seeming to do A justice, is influenced by the fact that if he gives a first to A, his own birds will ultimately sutler in consequence ; so A gets a second, and no first is awarded, and consequently B does not suflfer. Here, then, is an opportunity to do a great injustice, which should not be permitted in any system of arbitration. Again, C enters several pens, and D, who is a personal friend, is appointed judge. The result too often is that C gets the lion's share of the prizes. Wo do not say that such examples have occurred at all our exhibitions, but we are painfully aware that they have occurred at one of our leading shows, and they have thus opened the door for a repetition at others, if the matter does not receive the attention which its importance demands. Let there be two judges in each class, with the privilege of calling in a third party in ease they disagree, who shall be required to scale the specimens separately, and they will perform their duty more clS^lly, and act as a check upon each other, and as a prevei^K of anything like favoritism to any exhibitor. Fan. C. Herr. 0''"r Kancicr.s' Journal.) DARK BROWN EGGS. Many theories are advanced in the poultry journals which, even though incorrect, are not likely to do evil. For example, it matters very little whether Mr. Flower or myself is right with regard to the period of incubation when the eggs are most easily injured by desertion. No one will permit his hens to remain long from the nest at any stage of the hatching process, if it can be avoided. 618 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTKY EXCHANGE. "When valuable eggs become chilled, we will all endeavor to do the best we can with them, whether the chilling has occurred before or after the expiration of ten days from the time of placing under the hen. The theory of Mr. Pyle, with regard to dark brown eggs, if accepted by any one as true, is calculated to do harm. Tour Journal is read by many who are new to the fancy. These may have purchased eggs during the past season from reliable breeders, and not finding them all of a dark brown color — the only sure mark, according to Mr. Pyle, of purity of blood — they will be ready to charge those from whom they purchased the eggs with dishonesty. Last winter I purchased a fine exhibition trio of Light Brahmas from Philander Williams. He wrote me: "The pullets are about the best I ever saw." (This is not an ad- vertisement, as I have disposed of all my surplus fancy stock.) One of these pullets uniformly laid a white egg. Of six birds purchased last winter direct from the yards of P. Williams, only one laid a dark brown egg, and sometimes her's was only cream-colored. Were these all impure ex- cept the one ? Another pullet, a Williams-Buzzell bird, laid a white egg. Several others laid light cream-colored eggs. Yet neither last year nor this have I seen any indications of impurity in my yards. Not only does Mr. Flower " fail to see where the improvement comes in by breeding from dark brown eggs from Light Brahmas," but every other breeder of experience will fail to see the same thing. I have seen Bark Brahmas of undoubted purity of blood, and of as good stock as there is in America, which laid eggs of all shades, from white to dark brown. Even the same birds varied as to the color of eggs at different times. I know a farmer who began with mongrels and has every year, for a number of years past, introduced young Light Brahma cockerels, and has kept none but pure-blooded males. Pure-blooded Light Brahma hens or pullets have also been added to the flock from time to time. Instead of yarding these pure-blooded hens with one of the best cock- erels and setting eggs only from these, the practice has been to select from the egg-basket the darkest colored egg, which, according _to Mr. Pyle, would be certain to produce pure and excellent stock. The result, however, has not been the most satisfactory in this respect. While an excellent farm stock has been produced yet few of the birds show the marks of pure bred Light Brahmas. I will engage to send Mr. Pyle as many pullets from this flock as he wishes at one dollar each, and will insure him that most of them will lay dark brown eggs, but if any of them turn out full bred or first-class exhibition birds, the owner will take them back and refund the money. Mr. Pyle maintains that this is a sure indication of purity of blood, and yet here is a flock, unquestionably mongrels, and which, with tolerable uniformity, lay dark eggs, while birds as good as to blood and breeding qualities as there is in the land lay eggs of various shades, from white to brown. Perhaps Mr. P. will become so skilled in eggology that he can scale and register birds in the books of the American Poultry Association before they are hatched. Wonders never cease. F. B. WoTKiifG. Mansfield Valley, Pa. " Pa, I guess our man Ralph is a good Christian." "How so, my boy?" "Why, Pa, I read in the Bible that the wicked shall not live out half his days ; and Ralph says he has lived out ever since he was a little boy." (For Fanciers' Journal.) HENS AS INCUBATORS. Among my experiments with poultry this summer was the trial of the endurance of a sitting hen. My experiment, which I deem of suflicient interest to make known, was with two hens. One was set April 19th, and reset three times, May 2d and 25th, and June 15th, coming ofl" with brood July 6th, making seventy-eight days. The other was set April 16th, and reset four times. May 2d and 23d, June 15th and July 6th, coming off with brood July 29th, making whole number of days upon the nest one hundred and four, three months and thirteen days. Both hens, when they came off, were in good healthy condition. On a visit of two brother fanciers, about the middle of July, their attention was called to this hen upon the nest, then sitting about three months, and asked if they thought her, from appearance, to be in good healthy condition. They thought she was ; and when told of the length of time then upon the nest they were surprised. I might here state that they were set upon the ground and clean nests frequently given them and thereby kept clean and free of vermin. They were well sheltered, yet had plenty of air and light and morning sun. They could also leave their nests at will to dust themselves and take food. Cebsheim. AT NORTHAMPTON, MASS. The annual fair of the Hampshire, Hampden, and Frank- lin Agricultural Society, occurred October 6, 7, 8. The various industries of the several departments were well represented. The farmers discussed the merits of the thorough-breds, and vied with each other in farm produc- tions ; the " big " squash and pumpkin were there, and veg- etables of nearly all descriptions ; while apples, pears, grapes, etc., were abundant. The pop-corn, peanut and cider man had not forgotton the occasion, while the cry of " hoi oysters right this way " had the same peculiar ring of years ago. Peddlers of all descriptions perambulated the grounds vending their wares, from whips to mowing machines, amidst the clatter of horses' hoofs as they swung around the circle Last, but not least, the poultry show claims atten- tion. Here, too, all (or nearly all) varieties were well represented, from the diminutive Bantam to the Gray " Shittagong " (?). Question for Hans Schneider. The inducements held out by the society had made the entries reach 267. Like most agricultural fairs there were but few meritorious entries. The society had neglected to give premiums in their premium list to only a few varieties, and, consequently, some really fine birds, which would have stood close competition in a good poultry show, were passed by with only a "gratuity " of fifty cents. M. L. Kidder, of Northampton, exhibited 24 coops of White "Leghorns, taking 1st premium and society's special for largest number meritorious entries. M. L. Graves, Northampton, exhibited several coops of fine Light Brahmas, taking 1st and 3d pre- mium; and also entered several other coops of different varieties. A. E. Abbott, East Hampton, Mass., made a display of several varieties and took many premiums. E. V. Lilly, Northampton, exhibited a fine pair Embden geese, 1st premium. The judging was done by non-professionals and gave con- siderable dissatisfaction amongst exhibitors. They judged, however, according to their best ability, from sight, from PAN CI E US' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 619 tho lUiW HlaiuJni-il withdiit, »c:ilintc, iind tlm i:rror of tliiTO not being nioru nicrUui-ioiis judging .should riilhoi- rout witli thij sooioty, who did iiol, provider i-x/ieriencnl judges. We hope that tho viirious diaerepHueies in this department will bo rectiliod ne.\t year and all move " merry as a miirriage boll." Unicorn. POULTRY AT THE DOYLESTOWN EXHIBITION. In a county like Bucks, which i.s noted for the largo amount and fine quality of its poultry, wo would naturally expect a good display at tho annual agricultural e.xhibition. Tho most sanguine were not disappointed this year. Tho ex- hibit in this department was larger, and in greater variety, than for a number of years past. This is owing in part to the stimulus supplied by tho Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry As.sociation, which has its headquarters in Doylestown. Much of the stock was of fine qiuility and would do l^or com- petition in regular poultry shows. Of course there wore some scrubs, and they arc found where we would not expect them, but on the whole the display was creditable. The pigeon display was unusually largo, and embraced many very fine specimens of all the leading fancy sorts. But as wo make no pretensions to pigeon lore, we will not particularize concerning them (see Pigeon Department). In water-fowl the disjilay was very fine, embracing all tho loading varieties of geese and ducks kept by farmers. The competition in Pekin Ducks was sharp, several entries being on hand, and all nearly equal in size and appearance. Very fine Rouen and Aylesbury Ducks were exhibited by several different parties. Besides these tho display embraced Crested, Mottled, Muscovy, Cayuga, and common ducks. We have but once seen as good a display of water-fowls, in both the goose and duck classes, and we have visited a good many poultry shows. Tho Turkey display was, for some reason, far behind all tho othor classes. This should not have been the case, as Bucks County is as noted for its fine turkeys as for its other cla.sso3 of poultry. In driving from our house to the Fair grounds — a distance of two miles — we saw, perhaps, '200 line turkeys foraging in the fields. There are probably 5000 turkeys raised within sight of the agricultural building in the Fair grounds, but tho farmers do not think it worth while to take them to the exhibition. By a reference to the entry lists, there wore 08 entries of poultry, and 121 entries of pigeons, besides several entries of rabbits, guinea pigs, ferrets, etc., which go to make up a show of minor pets. Whole number of entries in this de- partment, 225. Bolow we give the list of iiremiums awarded by a com- mittee of experts : Aniaiics — Light Brahmas — 1st and 2d, Amos Stone. Dark Brahmas— 2d, 'Oscar Dudbridge. White Cochins— 2d, N. Guilbert. Partridge Cochins — 2d, N. Guilbert. Leff/ionis — White — 1st, A. B. Uolcombe ; 2d, N. Guilbert. Brown — 1st and 2d, Dr. A. M. Dickie. Black Spanish — 2d, N. Guilbert. Pli/mouth /fiwAs— 1st, Dr. A. M. Dickie ; 2d, A. B. Hol- eombo. jhnerican Dominiques — 1st, Dr. Dickie. Oa»tes — H. B. Red — 1st and 2d, F. Darlington. Brown Rod— 1st, John Donnelly. Derby— 1st and 2d, A. B. Hol- combe. Brass Backs — 2d, J. Donnelly. Black Tasselled — 2d, A. B. Holcombe. Oiimr Banhims—B. B. Red- 1st and 2d, B. Darlington. Silver Duckwing — 1st, A. B. Holcombe; 2d, Scott Bros. iJan<(ims— Gotden Sebright— 1st, Oscar Dudbridge ; 2d, F. 1'. Mowir. Silver Sebright— 2(1, A. B. Holcombe. White —2d, N. (Juilbcrt. 7/«/«««/y/.v— Bhiek— l«t, Dr. A. M. Dickie; 2d, N. Guil- bert. White— 2d, N. Guilbert. GoWcn-npanglcd— 2d, N. Guilbert. Silvcr-spanglcd— Ist, A. B. Holcombe; 2d, O. B. WoKlngton. Golden-penciled— litt, B. Darlington; 2d, A. B. Holcombe. /'o/JjiA- White-crested White- Ist and 2d, E. F. Taylor. Goldon-spangled — Ist, E. F. Taylor. Silvcr-spanglcd — lit, A. B. Holcombe. French — Houdans, Crevecoeurs, and La Flccho — 2d od each, N. Guilbert. Japan SilkitH — 2d, A. B. Holcombe. /)Hc/.-.t— Pekin— l.sl, A. B. Holcombe; 2d, U. Bonsall. Rouen — 1st, A. B. Holcombe; 2d, N. Guilbert. Aylesbury — 1st, N. Guilbert. Cayuga — 1st, N. Guilbert. Muscovy 1st, Harry A. .James ; 2d, N. Guilbert. Comnvin — l»t, Tho». Rice; 2d, Harrj' A. James. Polled — 2d, J. Holcome. G„.v,._Bremen— 1st, N. Guilbert; 2d, David Fell. Tou- louse — 1st, N. Guilbert. Hong Kong, and Wild— Ist and 2d,N. Guilbert Pea Fowls— \fit, Emma Ma.son ; 2d, N. Guilbert. White Ouincas — 2d, N. Guilbert. r^cA-eys- Bronze— l.st, N. Guilbert; 2d, David Fell. White- N. Guilbert. T. P. Harvey, W. T. ElSENHART, S.\MUEL SUUTT, foiniuittcc. CENTRAL NEW YORK AGRICULTURAL FAIR. Editor Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir: I inclose list of awards given on poullrj- at the above exhibition. Asiatics — Brahmas, Light — Fowls and chicks, 1st and 2d, G. L. Hollingworth, Utica, N. Y. Dark— Fowls, 1st, G. H. Warner, New York Mills, N. Y. ; 2d, J. M. Seymour, Westmoreland, N. Y. Chicks, 1st and 2d, J. M. Seymour. Cochins— Buff— Fowls, 1st, F. J. Richards ; 2d, Leach & Lapham, Utica, N. Y. Chicks, 1st and 2d, Thos Hague, Utica, N. Y. Partridge— Fowls, 1st, F. J. Richards; 2d, W. W. Tibbitts, Kno.\borough, X. Y. Chicks, 1st, F. J. Richards ; 2d, W. W. Treen, Utica, N. Y. Plymouth Rocks — Fowls and chicks, 1st, Leach & Lapham ; 2d, New- ton Adams, Utica, N. Y. /)o;/;iHgs— Colored— Fowls, 1st, W.W. Tibbitts. Chicks, 1st, G. li. Warner; 2d, W. W. Tibbitts. Silver-gray— Chicks, 1st, G. H. Warr.er. Hamburgs — Golden-spangled — Fowls, Isf, Newton Ad- ams; 2d, Thomas Hague. Chicks, 1st and 2d, Newton Ad- ams. Silver-spangled — Fowls, 1st, Newton Adams ; 2d, W. W. Tibbitts. Chicks, Isl and 2d. Newton Adams. Gol- den-penciled— Fowls, 1st, C. H. Warren, Verona, N. Y. ChicKs, 1st, Newton Adams. Black — Fowls, 1st, Thomas Hague. Chicks, 1st, Newton Adams ; 2d, Thomas Hague. Polish — White-crested Black — Chicks, Newton Adams. Golden-spangled— Fowls, 1st, C. H. Warren ; 2d, W". W. Tibbitts. Chicks, 1st, C. H. Warren. .S'/mjii.s/i- White-faced Black— Fowls, 1st, H. Bullard, Poland, N. Y. ; 2d, Leach & Lapham. Chicks, 1st, S. P. Halleck, Oriskany, N. Y.mk Leghonis — White — Fow^ist, Newton Adams ; 2d, Leach & Lapham. Chicks, l.st, Newton Adams; 2d, W. W. Tib- bitts. Brown — Fowls, 1st, Leach & Lapham. Chicks, 1st and 2d, Leach & Lapham. Fi-f/icA- Creveea-urs — Fowls, 1st, G. H. Warner: 2d, J. Jt. Seymour. Cliioks, 1st and 2d, J. M. Seymour. La- Flcohe— Fowls, 1st, J . M. Seymour ; 2d, G. 'H, Warner. Houdans— Fowls. Ist, G. H. Warner; 2d, Edward Warr. GomM— Black— Fowls and chicks, 1st, W. W. TibbilU. Black-breasted Red— Fowls, 1st, W. W. Tibbitts; 2d, C. U. Warren. Chicks, 1st and 2d, C. H. Warren. Earl Derby- Fowls, 1st. C. H. Warren ; 2d. W. J. Rice. Brown- Red— Fowls, 1st, W. W. Tibbitts. Chicks. 1st. C. H. War- ren ; 2d, W. W. Tibbitts. Duckwing— Fowls, 1st, C. H. Warren ; 2d, J. M. Seymour. Chicks, 1st and 2d, C. H. Warren. Pyle — Fowls, 1st, Robert Burch, West Schuyler, 620 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. N. T. White Georgian— Powls and Chicks, 1st, W. W. Tibbitts. Game Bantams — Black-breasted Eed — Fowls, 1st, G. H. "Warner; 2d, Robert Burch. Chicks, 1st, G. H. Warner; 2d, Irving Messenger, Utica, N. Y. Silver Duokwing — Fowls, 1st, G. H. Warner ; 2d, E. G. Wright, Utica, N. Y. Chicks, 1st, E. G. Wright; 2d, J. M. Seymour. Bantams — African — Fowls and chicks, 1st, W. W. Tib- bitts. Golden Sebright— Fowls, 1st, G. H. Warner ; 2d, J. M. Seymour. Chicks, 1st, J. M. Seymour ; 2d, G. H. War- ner. White — Fowls, 1st, Frank Folts, Frankfort Centre, N. Y. ; 2d, W. W. Tibbitts. Miscellaneous — Black Russians — Fowls, 1st, Leach & Lap- ham. Silkies — Fowls and chicks, 1st and 2d, D. A. Carter, Utica, N. Y. Sultans — Fowls and chicks, 1st, Edward Warr. Z)z(cfe— Cayuga— 1st, W. W. Tibbitts. Eouen— 1st, G. H. Warner ; 2d, C. H. Warren. Pekin— 1st and 2d, G. T. HoUingworth. Muscovy — 1st, M. Moore. Geese — China — 1st, N. Barnes c% Son, New Hartford, N. Y. ; 2d, A. D. Brothers. Embden — 1st, John Lupola; 2d, M. A. Maltby. Ornamental — Pearl Guineas — 1st, Thomas Hague. Pea Fowls— 1st, C. S. Wood ; 2d, D. Dimbleby. Pigeons — Archangels — 1st, W. C. Hart, Clinton, !N". Y. Barbs — 1st and 2d, Lapaugh & Lane. Priests — 1st and 2d, W. C. Hart. Carriers — 1st, James Dempster. Pantails — 1st, Lapaugh & Lane ; 2d, N. Barnes & Son. Nuns — 1st and 2d, Lapaugh & Lane. Jacobins — 1st, W. C. Hart , 2d, S. L. Willard. Pouters — 1st and 2d, Lapaugh & Lane. Runts — 1st, Lapaugh & Lane. Eing-Doves^lst, William Treen ; 2d, W. W. Tibbitts. Trumpeters, Swallows, Star- lings, and Turbits — 1st on each, Lapaugh & Lane. Tum- blers— 1st, W. C. Hart ; 2d, James Dempster. Rabbits — Angoras — 1st, Lapaugh & Lane ; 2d, Stephen Treen. Common Natives — 1st, Stephen Treen; 2d, D. A. Carter. Lop-eared — 1st, D. A. Carter. Very respectfully, Nbvtton Adams, Utica, N. Y., October 13, 1875. Eee. Secretary. (For the Fanciers' Journal.) A VISIT TO TWO FAIRS. Friend Editor : With a view to furnishing your many progressive and interesting readers with a vague idea of the Lehigh County Fair, held at AUentown, and the Keystone Pair, held at Kutztown, Berks County, your representative is able to furnish the following : Arriving at AUentown, your correspondent made his errand known and introduced himself to the gentlemanly secretary, L. P. Hecker, Esq., to whom we are indebted for a few inches of card-board, giving us free access to all por- tions of the fair-grounds. The display of poultry, naturally, was the tirst thing to attract our attention upon entering, and we must acknowledge, that our surprise was great at such a fine display, the department being filled to overflow- ing. Partridge and Buff Cochins, Light and Dark Brah- mas, in fact, nearly all varieties were ably represented, the diminutive class of Bantams being remarkably fine. The dis- play of pigeons was, we regret, far lacking from being first- class, very few birds being exhibited, and these few being only of an ordinary kind. The cause of the deterioration, in this department, is beyond our comprehension, and we can only suggest the advisability of bestowing greater at- tention to this department in the future. The restless coon and the ugly owl ; the squeaking guinea- pig and other live animals and fowls were all under one shed- ding, provided especially for this purpose. The cages and coops were constructed in a scientific manner, and evince that considerable labor and thought had been bestowed on the subject of coops, arrangements, etc. Lehigh County has a number of fine professional and amateur fanciers, and we have not heard of any complaints or dissatisfaction about the judges. We append a few of the names of the exhibitors: Messrs. B. K. Sweitzer, Fountain Yards ; J. F. Schaeffer, Willow Grove Yards; Benj. S. Koons, Ninth Street Yards; J. F. M. Shiflfert, Pleasure Yards; McKeen & Hulick, Chestnut Grove Yards ; C. G. Trexler, North Second Street Yards ; Walter C. Miller, Excelsior Yards. Besides these, there were numerous others who made fine displays. The Lehigh Valley Poultry Association will hold their second annual exhibition at AUentown, Pa., com- mencing on Tuesday morning, December 28th, 1875, closing on Monday, January 3d, 1876. Entries for competition close on December 27th, 1875. The Gallinaceous division offers quite a number of liberal premiums. In the Aquatic division we feel confident there will be a fine display, although the premiums are not, to say the least, liberal in this division. Columbarian division's highest premium is only $3, which amount should be a "V," and the disbursement would amply repay itself. We cannot commend the Association too highly for its off'ers of special premiums, the highest of which is twenty dollars. These premiums alone should pro- duce a full department. So much for AUentown and its famous and renowned pea-nuts ; and we can only congratu- late the officers of the Agricultural and Poultry Associations for their success in the past, and if indications are not de- ceptive, a still brighter future is looming up for the inde- fatigable officers of these two Associations. Last week the Keystone Agricultural Society, of Berks County, held its exhibition at Kutztown. This exhibition was a complete success. It is gratifying to state that the oflicers of this Society foresaw the importance of bestowing liberal premiums for the display of poultry, and, per con- sequence, competitors were numerous. Some very fine Partridge and Buff Cochins, Brahmas, etc., were on the grounds, and the fancy being not yet fully developed in that rural district, attracted more than ordinary attention. Messrs. F. H. Schwartz, of Bernville, and Oliver D. SchocU, of the Eagle Poultry Yards, Hamburg, were, through ob- vious reasons, unable to exhibit their fine stock, much to the regret of many, as there is no doubt but that they would have carried off some of the laurels. Governor Hartranft and other prominent men were on the grounds, and thereby encouraged the gentlemanly officers of the Society. The fair closed on Thursday ; the receipts exceeded six thousand dollars. Time and space does not allow of further descriptions or comments, and, meanwhile, we are on the qui vive, to further the interests of your Journal. Pkro-Nixoit. AN EXPLANATION. Mr. J. M. Wadk. Dear Sir: Seeing Mr. W. B. Sherry's letter and your note, under title of " Who Pays Express Charges," in your issue of October 7th, calls out the following statement of facts, as I am the one Mr. Sherry has in view. Some weeks ago, in answer to an exchange inserted in your paper, I learned that Mr. S. had a pair of Brown Leg- horns, described as Bucks County (558), mated with Sharp- less hen, first premium birds, also some White Leghorn chicks, that he wished to exchange for pigeons, naming kinds wanted. As I wanted some Brown and White Leghorns, I wrote P A N C I E li S' JOURNAL AND P O U Jj T R Y K X C H A N G E. C2i him making him the following offer (as I could not accept his ofl'cr of oxchiuigo) — thiit I wuuld give Iiim one pair of PoutiM'S for liis Hrowti Ldgliorn^, and for lii.s Wliili) Lng- horns 1 would give liim Wliitc Cochin chicUs, and that I would soil him a pair of Bluo-wingod Tiirbit3 for $3 cash. I further said to him that if any part of this or all was acceptable, and his fowls wore what ho roprcsontod (which were first premium birds) ho could ship them by return ex- press. In duo time they ciuno, and with them a lett<^r, saying ho would take the poultry for the IJrown Leghorns, and wanted the Turbits for While Leghorn chicks, saying nothing about White Cochins or cash. This was not accord- ing to my agreement or proposal, so I commenced to ex- amine the fowls. First came the Brown Leghorn cock. On examination I found that he had nolid red cai'-lobex, also white feathers in his tail. I looked him all over and came to the conclusion that ho was a carious first pmnium bird. The hen had about half white and half red on her ear-lobes, and at back of comb or on top of head, feathers tipped with white. I found no fault with the White Leghorn, and had ho accepted my offer of White Cochins I would have kept them ; but as he did not, and believing his description not to correspond with tlie Brown Leghorns ho sent me, and believing he wanted to palm off his mongrels on me, I returned them to him, after feeding and watering them twice. I would ask anj' substantial I'aiicier if, in buying or trad- ing for fowls, would you expect to see solid rod ear-lobes (jn a cock when the standard says distinctly they should have white, and where they had been represented as first premium birds before you traded for them ? Now, if the standard has been changed, and red ear-lobes take the place o'f white on first premium birds, j'our readers will know whore to buy stock. In conclusion I will say you have the facts of the case before you, and can judge who ought to pay express charges. Respectfully yours, . South Adams, Mass., Oct. 13, 1S75. A. L. HouOHTOX. THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL PET STOCK AGENCY. An agency of the above character has been established by L. Burlingame & Co., No. 28 Barclay street, in the city of New York. It is probably the largest and most extensive of its character in the world. The store is over 100 feet in depth and 25 feet in width, and has connected with it lofts for keeping stock. On one side is arranged a double tier of pigeon coops, about 75 feet in length, and immediately be- hind this is an aviary, about 25 feet in length, for flying pigeons. On the other side of the store is stretched along chicken coops, in which are kept every species of pure bred fowls in season. In the roar of the store is a very largo and capacious otfice, handsomely furnished with all kinds of appointments for the accommodation of the various fanciers who may assemble there. Here you are furnished with all kinds of literature, papers, and periodicals, treating on the various fancy stock. Hero you are supplied with all kinds of fowls, pigeons, rabbits, dogs, cats, and other pets: oyster shell, bone-meal, beef-scrap, fountain-cups, incubators, arti- ficial mothers, and everything roijuired in this lino of busi- ness. Messrs. Burlingame & Co. have made favorable ar- rangements to import to order all kinds of fowls, pigeons, dogs, etc., at a much bettor advantage than parties can do for themselves. They will attend to having them pamed through the custom-house, and will forward them on in good order, and refrcslied by their short stoppage on the way. Mr. Jacob Graves, the Company, has an extensive place in Boston, and has the exclusive use and sale of the water of the valuable " I'olanil Spring," in Maine, tlio medicinal properties of which have proved so eflieacious in kidney and liver diseases, dyspepsia, rheumatism, etc. Mr. G. selU about 10,000 bbls. of the water in a year. Isaac Van Winkle. PiqEO[^ DEpy^F^TFiEI^j. " THE HOMING PIGEON. (fcmtiiiucd from p;igf lill.) the prcmi.ses is kept in the most perfect order. The tile pavement of the court-yard is as free from dirt as a parlor lloor, and all the utensils are polished to-a silvery brightness. The pigeon-boxes are of mahogany, and shine like mirrors. Bnt we must come to the races. The most favorable time to take the male for the course is when its mate is nesting. Conjugal affection will hasten bis return. The female should be taken when her young are not yet sufficiently grown to dispense with maternal care. It is not safe to take them on long expeditions at this time, as both parents are needed to take care of the young, which might suffer, and perhaps die, in the too prolonged absence of their natural guardians. Old and young pigeons are not allowed to fly together in the same race, and a particular mark is placed upon the wing of the young to prevent frauds. Ki... ".— Siatupiiii: of the Wing. The training for the course begins when the pigeon is from six weeks to three months old. It is then taken a short dis- tance from the nest, and allowed to return. The distance is gradually increased until the pigeon is able to make a journey of several miles. At the age of two years the pigeon arrives at its full strength, and is able to make long journeys, and take part in the grand matches. These matches are governed by strict rules. Each society or proprietor desiring to enter pigeons for a race is required to pay a certain fee for each bird. Every pigeon is regis- tered by the society under whoso authority it is entered, and 622 FANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. Fig. 6.— The Basket. receives its mark on the wing (see Pig. 5), by wliicli it can be recognized. Its age, name, with full description of its peculiarities, are entered on the books of the society. An impression of the mark is inclosed in a bag, not to be open- ed until the public distribution of the prizes. On the day of the race the birds are inclosed in baskets or hampers, to he taken to the place of departure. On arriv- ing at the rendezvous the baskets are placed in order on the ground side by side, and on a given signal the covers are simultaneously raised. When first released the pigeons fly close to the ground for a few seconds, then begin wheeling round and rovmd, rising higher and higher into the air, un- til they finally take their flight for home. The hour of their departure is carefully noted by chronometers. At home the attendants of the society are anxious- ly waiting for their arrival. At each loft may be seen the watchers, strain- ing their eyes in the direction from which the feathered racers are to come. A delegate from each com- peting society is generally present to insure fair play. The esact time to a second of the return of each bird is noted by the aid of the most accurate stop-watches, such as are used on the race-course ; and when the telegraph can be used the color and stamp of each bird is at onoe transmitted to the station of depart- ure. Where the telegraph does not exist, other arrange- ments are made for sending the intelligence. The pigeon, on returning to the loft, is immediately taken by an attend- ant, placed in a little willow-work basket, the upper part of which is closed by a cover of cloth, and lowered to another attendant waiting below (see Pig. 6), who takes it in his teeth and starts off at full speed to the ofiSce where the delegates are in waiting/to take its number, stamp, name, and time of arrival at the loft. During important races the streets present an exceedingly animated appearance, when a number of these carriers are running together, each one holding a basket in his teeth, and each one looking as if the fate of the world depended on his reaching the ofiice before his fellows. An excited crowd always follow at their heels, and groups of interested spectators gather at every corner. At length the race is ended. The pigeons have all arrived. The winged competitors are ranged in open-work hampers on each side of the committee-room. The identity of each bird is fixed by comparing the marks on the wing with those recorded in the books. The time of each is carefully noted. The pigeons are returned to their owners, and the result of the race made public, with such details as are likely to be interesting. Finally, the prizes are distributed amidst great festivities. This bird is a production of the English fancier and is bred entirely for show purposes, and is seldom used as a homing bird, although they have been known to make long distances and good time. It is surprising to what a state of perfection these birds have been brought by judicious selection, and few fanciers fail to admire them at first sight. They have not yet found their way into the show pen in this country, only in exceptional cases, and then the specimens were second and third rate with no competition. We hope, ere long, that some of our well-to-do fanciers will take hold of this breed and import some of the best birds from noted English lofts. ' POINTS IN JUDGING CARRIEIIS. BY KOBERT rULTON. Beak: length, 2; shape, 2; thickness, 2; color 1, . . 7 Beak-wattle: shape and form on upper mandible, 6; shape and form on lower mandible, 2 ; circumference, 2; texture, 2, 12 Space between eye and beak- wattle, 2 Eye-wattle: regularity of build all round, 3; diameter (without manipulation), 3; softness of texture, 2; lacing, 1, 9 Skull: narrowness, 3; flatness, 1, 4 Gullet: well curved in, 3 Neck: length, 3; narrowness (especially over the shoul- der), 2; thinness (from side to side), 1, 6 Width and flatness of shoulders, 2 Width and fullness of crest, 2 Length of flights and tail, 2 Length and form of thigh 4 Length of leg (considered both from side and front), . 3 Color 2 POINTS IN JUDGING YOUNG ALMONDS. BY KOBERT FULTON. Feathers: viz., ground-color, 3 (of which reckon rump, 2, and head, breast, and shoulders, 1); markings on flights, 2; markings on tail ; break or spangling of feather, 1, 9 Shape and carriage, 6 Beak: shortness,!; fineness;'2; fineness of wattle, 1, . 4 Head: height of skull, 2; roundness, 1; breadth, 1, . . 4 Eye : round and white, 2 Legs and feet (shortness and smalluess), 1 26 POINTS IN JUDGING MOTTLES. BY ROBERT FULTON. Accurate markings, 9 Color of body, .3 Shape and carriage, 5 Fineness of beak and wattle, 4 Size and shape of bead, 4 Color and fullness of eye, 2 Smallness of body, 2 Shortness of legs, 1 PIGEONS AT THE DOYLESTOWN EXHIBITION. The eleventh annual exhibition of the Doylestown Agri- cultural and Mechanics' Institute was held in Doylestown last week. The display of pigeons and poultry was very fine. Ducks, geese, and turkeys were also well represented. But the great feature of the show was the display of fancy pigeons. W. T. Sogers exhibited sixteen coops of pigeons, and had awarded him the special premium of $5 for the^ finest collection of birds. His Black and Yellow Carriers were splendid birds. His display of Pouters and Barbs was quite large. W. Prankinfield, one of the veteran breeders of pigeons in Bucks County, exhibited thirteen coops of pigeons. His Black Pans received the first premium. This made Mr. P. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY RXCHANGK. r,23 so happy, tliat lu! at onco took liis goat in front of his cage, and, for all I know to tho contrary, he is there still. His White Pans and Blue Pouters were in fine condition. Mr. Manser o.\hibitod tliirty-fivo coops of pigeons, and received second premium for host collection. Some of his birds wore very fine. Mr. Twining exhibited soirn! twelve coops of pigeons. His birds wore placed in a vi^ry bad position; the storm boat in on tlioui, and they did not show olf to good advan- tage. Mr. T. had some iiin' Mottled fans, Black Barbs, and Turbits. Mr. Scott (F. P. Scott & Bro.), exhibited twenty coops of pigeons. His Owls were very fine, but his coops were also exposed to tho storm, and tho birds looked cold and shaky. Thoro was a number of other persons who exhibited from four to ten coops of pigeons, only ordinary birds. The poultry display was very good. Two of the high officers of tho Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Association acted as judges, namely, Mr. Harvey and Mr. Eisonhart. Mr. Barling now exhibited some extraordinary fine Games — perfect gems — he was awarded first premium. Mr. Don- nelly also had some fine Games on exhibition. Dr. Dickie exhibited Plymouth Rocks, Brown Leghorns, and Dominique chickens, of course, they wore all good, the Doctor will keep no other kind. He received first premium on all of them. Mr. Taylor exhibited two fine coops of Poland chickens. I understand that ho received a first premium. Mr. Stone had on exhibition a remarkable pair of Light Brahmas. Mr. Walton, one of our fanciers, told me that he could not take himself away from this coop, ho loved to stand and gaze upon the wondrous frame-work of those lofty Brahmas. Mr. Holcomb exhibited some line coops of fowls. His Pekin Ducks looked very fine. Barton Darlington had some fine Game Bantams on ex- hibition. Many others had one, two, or throe coops on exhibition. They only contained a very common kind of stock. In closing this communication I would ask, did you ever hear of a breed of chickens called the Mount Holly Games? I am afraid our standard has boon completed too soon. You will answer this question at once, I hope, as the judges will not be able to sleep until you do. Yours respectfully, DOYLESTOWN, P.\. TkNNET. Aqe ok Birds. — Tho eagle, raven, swan and parrot, arc each centenarians. An eagle kept in Vienna died after a confinement of one hundred and fourteen years, and on an ancient oak in Shclborne, still known as tho " raven tree," the same pair of ravens are believed to have fixed their residence for a series of more than ninety years. Swans upon the river Thames, about whoso ago there can be no mistake — since they are annually nicked V)y the Vintner's Company, under whoso keeping they have been for five centuries — have been known to survive one hundred and fifty years and more. Tho melody of tho dying swan is mythological. Upon approach of death the bird quits the water, sits down upon the hanks, lays its head upon the ground, expands its wings a trifle and expires, uttering no sound. Thkke is a remarkable cat living In Whitney ville, Conn., near Lake Whitney. It is seven or eight years of age, and goes fishing for its meals. It will stand in water up Ui \l» thighs and seize small fish and eels. Some of the latter have been twenty inches long. The greatest achievement of this cat was the capture, recently, of a fish weighing three pounds. Tho animal cornered the fish in shallow water and then pushed it ashore. " Ik He'd Said Ducks, He'd a' 'Ad Me ! "—During a class-meeting hold by the Methodist brethren of a Southern village. Brother Jones went among the colored portion of the congregation. Finding there a man notorious for his endeavor to serve God on the Sabbath and Satan the rest of the week, he said : " Well, Brother Dick, I am glad to see you here. Haven't you stole any turkeys since I saw you last, Brother Dick?" "No, no. Brother Jones; no tur- kej's." "No chickens. Brother Dick? " " No, no. Brother Jones; no chickens." "Thank the Lord, Brother Dick! That's doing well, my brother I " said Brother Jones, leaving Brother Dick, who immediately relieved his overburdened conscience by saying to a neighbor with an immense sigh of relief, " If he'd said ducks, he'd 'a 'ad me." New England Birds. — Dr. Brewer has recently published for the Boston Society of Natural History, a comprehensive list of the varieties of birds in New England. This schedule embraces brief notes, indicating the manner and character of their jirescnce, with a list of the species included in pre- vious catalogues, believed to have been erroneously classed as birds of New England. The present enumeration amounts to :)3G species, while thirty species arc mentioned as having been given in previous lists of birds of New England without proper evidence. It is thought not impossible that some of these may yet be detected, but Dr. Brewer maintains that, so far, there is no assurance on this point. He was the first to indicate in a systematic list tho burrowing owl, noted by Mr. Ruthven Dean as taken in tlic marshes near Newburyport on the -Ith of May, 1875. One of the greatest feats of an Arab hunter is to capture an ostrich. Being shy and cautious, and living on the sandr plains where there is little chance to take it by surprise, it can only be captured by a well-planned and long-continued pursuit with tho swiftest horses. The ostrich has two curious habits in running when alarmed. It always starts off with outspread wings, against the wind, so that it can scent the approach of an enemy. I^ense of smell is so keen that it can detect a person at a groR distance, long before one can bo seen. The other curious habit is that of running in a circle. Usually five or six ostriches are found in a company. When discovered, part of the hunters, mounted on fleet horses, will pursue the birds, while the other hunters will gallop away at right angles to the course the ostriches have taken. When those hunters think they have gone far enough to cross tho path the birds will be likely to take, thoy watch upon some rise of ground for their approach. If the hun- ters hit tho right place and see the ostriches, they at once start in pursuit with fresh horses, and sometimes they over- take one or two of tho birds, but often two or three of the fleet horses fall, completely tired out with so sharp a chase. 624 PANCIBES' JOUENAL AND POULTET EXCHANGE. JTANCIERS' IjOIJRNALANDipOULTaYQpXCHANaE, JOSEPH M. WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Pkof. a. N. Eattb, Associate Editor. Published Weekly, at 39 Nortli Kintli Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PRICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, by mail, TJ. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per copi/ for postage. EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT. FIFTY-TWO NUMBKKS IS A TEAK, Instead of but twelve papers, received a month or six weeks apart (as it may happen), is the much more acceptable mode towards keeping ourselves posted up in current infor- mation, regarding the specialties to which the Fanciers' Journal is devoted. "We are the better convinced of this, the longer we pub- lish our weekly. True, there is but one such publication on this side of the Atlantic, that is appropriated strictly to the subjects whose interests we advocate, and that is ours. But the continual encomiums we receive from all quarters, con- vince us that the compliments of our numerous subscribers are but the expressions of their genuine satisfaction with what we are doing for the cause we favor, and a grateful approval of the method we adopt, to communicate so fre- quently with our friends, in preference to the monthly issue of our paper. To sustain this kind of enterprise healthily, however, and enable us to keep up the interest of such a publication con- tinuously, requires labor, study, thought, and the outlay of no inconsiderable sums of ready money, as well. If all our readers would bear these facts in mind, and promptly forward us the several small amounts due us from time to time, as they accrue, we shall be the better encouraged in our work, and shall thus be able to make the Journal more welcome, and more acceptable, from weels: to week. Will our patrons note this brief reminder regarding the little that each is thus called upon to perform, while we will very gladly do our part for the gratification of the whole, and so help us to make the Fanciers' Journal really what wehave aimed atfrom the outset — thebest and most desirable of its class in the country. PHOXOQKAPHS KECBIYBD. Before us, as we write, are two fine specimens of pho- tography, and both excellent likenesses. The first one is accompanied with the autograph of S. J. Bestor, of Hart- ford, Conn., one of the pioneers among New England fanciers. "We believe he has bred almost everything in the fancy line as an amateur, but he is best known as a breeder of Games, ]?antail Pigeons, and Cocker Spaniels; always breeding the best, which realized for him good prices. He is a believer in the maxim, that " What is worth doing at all, is worth doing well." The second one is a likeness of Wm. Tenant Eogers, of Doylestown, Pa., one of the most active members of the Eastern Pennsylvania Poultry Society, and a member of the A. P. A. He has bred almost all varieties of fowls and pigeons, but is known best as a breeder of Silver-penciled Hamburgs and Black Spanish ; also, fancy pigeons in great variety. Mr. Eogers is well qualified as a judge of Toy pigeons, and, being a gentleman of leisure, we have no doubt but his services could be obtained for some of the shows to occur the coming winter. It is needless to say that both of these gentlemen are staunch friends of our enterprise, the Journal. HEAVY weights. We have two letters before us which have been mislaid, both dated September 18th. One of them, from "Sam," states that he weighed a trio of Light Brahmas, Duke of York strain, which were six months and one week old, and weighed: cockerel, 10 pounds, and pullets 7 pounds each; total weight of the three, 24 pounds. He does not brag on their weight, but on the points they can scale. They have been laying' regular for several weeks. " Sam " evidently knows how to raise chickens as well as to write about them. He has promised us a series of articles, "Raising Fruit in connection with Poultry," which we shall look forward to with considerable interest. D. A. Upham also writes, " I weighed to-day, September 18th, a trio of my Duke of York Light Brahma chicks, hatched May 20th. Cockerel weighed 6 pounds, 13 ounces ; pullets weighed 5 pounds, 7 ounces, and 5 pounds, 9 ounces ; total weight, 17 pounds, 13 ounces. Also weighed cockerel, same strain, five months, and eight days old, 9 pounds, 3 ounces." He also had Plymouth Bock pullets at four months old, 6 pounds, 5 ounces, which commenced to lay August 28d, laying nine eggs in eleven days, and on the date above mentioned had been sitting two weeks. DOING quite well. Mk. A. A. Miller exhibited eight coops of fowls at Burgettstown, Pa., and took seven first premiums, and one second premium. IMPORTATION. Mr. E. F. Shannon, has received from Major Cryer, Southport, England, per steamship Idaho, two Yellow, four Eed, and three Black Baldhead Pigeons. All good birds, and arrived in good order. We also received at the same time, two pairs of White Barbs for H. Erdman, our artist. They also arrived in good order, which is nearly always the case with birds shipped by Major Cryer. A LATE poultry journal has the following advertisement: "Chicks sold by scale.— After October 1st, shall be ready to supply . . . Chicks scaled by the Judge of the A.P.A." Wonder who the Judge of the A. P. A. is ? " Fanciers' Journal and Poultry Exchange. — We receive this well-edited and interesting journal among our exchanges, and are frequently indebted to its columns for valuable information which we cannot'fiud elsewhere. We admire the courage of the Fanciers' Journal for its devotion to a specialty which we have always thought well of, and which is growing to be one of the largest interests in the country." — Animal Kingdom, FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCHANOE. 025 GOOD LOCK. Mkhsks. Krider, Young, Thoinns, Brooks, nnd Westcott, have just roturnod from Bettorton. Caught with rod nnd line fish enough to supply nil thuir friends — three barrels in all. They sny the fishing vvns the best of the season. "'tis rnn woundku hikd that fluttkrs." I THINK your corrnppnndont, " Truth," is a little too fast in .saying, " Vindex goes for the A. P. A." I asked the question, "if such application should bo made to the A. V. A., would they do right in passing the application?" I did not say tlint any such np]iIicalion had been mnde or passed (though well aware that such was actually the case). I expressed no opinion of my own on the subject. How can a correspondent, writing over such a signature as " Truth," say, I go for the A. P. A. ! I wished to elicit the opinion of fanciers abroad on the subject, knowing what fanciers at homo thought about it. Not being an influential person, nor member of an influentinl society, the only reply, so fnr, hns been tliat of " Truth," nnd it lias evidently been largely inspired, if not wholly dictated, by the gentleman whom "Truth" calls Mr. A. At tho meeting to name persons forjudges, " Truth " was, as I think, unintentionally overlooked, and feels a little sore at not being named for judge. Mr. A. said, in answer to the President's inquiry, that, if he made any application for judge it would bo independent of the society. I did not say he did not want its indorsement. As I sat next to Mr. A. I think I should know what he said better than "Truth," ■whosatontbeoppositesideof theroom. But"Truth " writes what Mr. A. tells him to write, and not what ho knows him- self. The A. P. A. requires that all judges shall be members of the A. P. A., in order thnt they can have some control over their appointees. Now, should not other poultry associations have some control over the persons who are to judge fowls in the section where such society or association is located ; or, shall Eastern poultry magnates say who are to act as judges in Illinois, Ohio, or elsewhere? Shall tho A. P. A. say thnt a society in Western Pennsylvania must recognize, as judge, an individual who considers himself so much more important and wiser than tho other members of his society, that he can spurn with contempt the indorsement of the society, and go East to find men as influential as he considers himself to bo to sign his application ? "On wh.it meat Does this our Ca'sar feed, That ho has grown so great?" After seeking for indorsers East, and only getting two, Mr. A. brings his application to the President to sign and is refused. He then sends to tho President a certificate, saying ho is a member in good standing in the society. This the President signed. Now, Mr. Editor, give us your opinion on tho subject. Like I. V. W., " I am done." Vindex. Wo think ]Mr. A. was unwise when ho ignored tho mem- bers of his own society, as thoy, above all others, knew his ability and standing in the fnuoy; which was such that he had no difficulty in getting good indorsers away from home, but apparently at the expense of that good feeling so desirable among members of a society. Mr. A. was not the only ono that sent his application away from home to be indorsed, and it is well that thia que«tlon has arisen at this early stage of the A. P. A.'« doings; for we cun easily undi;rstand how a dishonest fancier might get indorsed in this way. We indorsed Mr. A.'s application, knowing him to bo a good judge of the fowls named and strictly reliable, but we cannot defend our action in a gen- eral way, and our advice in similar cases would bo for the one applied to, to investigate before indorsing. Vindex, like many others who do not attend the A. P. A.'s meetings, misinterprets their doings, which we may try to explain in another place, and will only add that the A. P. A. will nppoint judges and grant diplonuis, and will try to appoint good men, but they will never dictate to any society, and say, " You miifii select men appointed by us." Their diploma simply means that the bearer of it is authorized to act and is known to be a good judge of the stock named, and is believed to be an honest and reliable man, and is sup- plied with a good standard to judge by. Here they leave him to the consideration of those societies requiring his ser- vices. We fully agree witli tho association in requiring all judges to be members, so they can in a measure hold them responsi- ble for their doings while acting under the authority of the association. A case has just occurred which will illustrate tho wisdom of this decision. In a communication from a judge appointed by the association, he says, "I give notice that I shall scale nil birds on the basis of 12 pounds as perfection," etc. Now, this gentleman being a judge ap- pointed by the A. P. A. can properly be held accountable to them forjudging contrary to instructions. FKOM " ALT BERKS." We clip the following from the Reading (Pa.) Daily Eagle, of the 15tb inst., showing that poultry matters are looming up in that section : " Editor Eagle : Since the display of poultry and pigeons at the Berks Count}' Agricultural Exhibition was so large, I would suggest the organization of a poultry association in this county. Surely, the number of fanciers is adequate, and by organizing, this county would only have what other enterprising and go-ahead counties have already. Let a few of the most prominent fanciers give their views on the sub- ject through these columns, briefly, and at their earliest convenience. Permit me to name Mr. Schock, Eagle cor- respondent at Hamburg ; Mr. Moore, of Womelsdorf ; Bcv. Schwartz, of Bernvillc ; Messrs. Shearer, of Tuckerton ; Jlessrs. Trexler and Wanner, of Kutztown ; Mr. Shade, of Tulpehocken, and others. Let tho work proceed. Who re- plies first? "Faxcieb." Fish and Game. — Tho committee of the West Jersey Game Protective Society are busy in stocking the streams in West Jersey with black bass. At Malaga, a few days ago, eighty were placed in the pond. The pond at Ham- monton and various streams are also to be stocked. Tho committee enter into a written agreement with property owners whose grounds front on such ponds and streams, be- fore fish are put into them, that they will protect them from being caught for three years. The woods are also to be replenished with grouse, quails, and other game birds. 626 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. CoF^I^ESpOfJDEflCE. election of officers. Editok Fanciers' Journal. Dear Sir: The Central New York Poultry Association held their annual meeting October 12th, and elected the following officers for the ensuing year : President — T. R. Proctor. Vice-Presidents — Geo. H. Warner, E. P. Howlett, Chas. W. Hutchinson, M. E. Comstock, A. T. Ooodwin. Treasurer — E. A. Tallman. Recording Secretary — Nawton Adams. Corresponding Secretary — L. B. Hoot. Executive Committee — J. T. Bicknell, Edward War, J. H. Hollingworth, J. Willard, Seward Merry, A. Leach, E. P. Downer, K. A. Jones. Respectfully yours, Newton Adams, TJtica, October 14, 1875. Recording Secretary. NEW" ENGLAND POITLTRT CONGRESS. Jos. M. Wade, Esq. Dear Sir : Will you be so kind as to allow me to an- nounce through the Fanciers' Journal that there will be a meeting of the New England Poultry Congress, Thursday, November 4, 1875, at 2 o'clock, p.m., at the rooms of the Massachusetts Poultry Association, No. 60 Devonshire St., Boston. Each New England poultry society is invited to send two delegates to said congress. It is hoped there will be a good attendance, as the business to be transacted is of importance. Committees appointed at a former meeting are to report names of persons qualified to act as judges in the several classes. The election of reliable and intelligent men for judges is certainly a matter that interests every New England Poultry Society, as well as each individual fan ;ier. Tours respectfully, Laukin Martin, LowELi,, Mass., October 15, 1875. Secretary pro tern. AN excellent opportunity. Eribnd Wade : Upon reading your editorial in reference to the Western New York and Boston societies not holding an exhibition the coming winter, it occurred to me that it will afford an excellent opportunity for the Pennsylvania State Society to hold one of the best exhibitions ever witnessed in Philadel- phia— something akin to those that were held in years past at Horticultural Hall. A little extra exertion on the part of the Executive Committee in getting up an attractive pre- mium list will, I feel sure, attract the attention of New England and New York fanciers hither, and result in a grand show. Trusting that those enterprising men, Messrs. Deihl, Courtney, Groves, and others, will already have seen this splendid chance, and taken time by the forelock, I hope all will place their shoulder to the wheel and see what can be done by December 6th. W. E. Flower. Shoemakertown, Pa., October 15, 1875. A NOVEL exhibition was recently given at the Crystal Palace, London, of goats of all degrees and nationalities. One hundred and five animals were entered in competition, in twelve classes. The leading object of the promoters of the exhibition was to stimulate competition in goat raising among the poor, to whom the goat, under judicious man- agement, might he made a source of profit. Sffly^LL Pej DEpy^i^TF'Eflj AND TOUNG FOLK'S CORNER. (Reported for Fanciers' Journal.) ARRIVALS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, For the weelc ending October 13, 1875. 1 Tinamou [Tinamotis Braziliensis).'^ Purchased. 1 Falcon (Falco amatam). Presented by J. J. DeKender, Philadelphia. 1 Woodohuck [Arctomys monax). Presented by Josiah Chappell, Pennsylvania. 1 Guinea Pig {Cavia ajyerica). Presented by Master A. Frentz, Philadelphia. 1 Black-bird [Turdus merula). Presented by S. N. Still, Pennsylvania. 1 Bald Eagle [Haliaetos cucocephalus). Presented by J. M. Wilson, Washington, D. C. 1 Spider Monkey {Atelus belzetuih). Presented by J. M. Wilson. Washington, D. C. 1 Young Alligator [Alligator Mississipiensis). Presented by N. C. Gladding, Philadelphia. HuoN. (For Fanciers' Journal.) SILK-WORMS AND SILK INDUSTRIES. BY ANDREW SUQDEN. Part V. The warp now being laid or wound straight and even on the loom-roll, the weaver takes it in charge, and the first thing he does is to draw each thread of the warp through a loom harness, containing five thousand eyelets. The harness is made from either silk, cotton, linen, or worsted thread (for silk weaving, generally the first two), suspended be- tween two wooden bars or slats, about twelve or fourteen inches in depth, the twine being noosed in the centre for an eyelet, through which each thread of the warp is passed. From four to eight leaves of harness constitute a set, and are sufficient to weave either plain silk, twilled, or satin, provided the loom is constructed to weave them. The har- ness, be it understood, is for the purpose of dividing the warp during the process of weaving. When the warp is duly put through the harness by means of a small hook, it is next introduced through a fine and delicate, yet strong, piece of mechanism called a reed, which serves the double purpose of designating the texture of the fabric and also — after being joined to the loom — of beating up the picks or filling as the loom operates. We are now in the weave-room, where the din of the clanging hundred of looms or more is deafening to the ear of one not accustomed to it. In the winding-rooms and cleaning-rooms, where the re- volving swifts and revolving spools are the principal moving objects, there is not much noise ; in the spinning-room there is somewhat more where the machinery is more ponderous, but the rattling, clanging sound of a room full of looms ex- cels anything else. The warp harness and reed are now put in their respective positions in the loom, and the whole put * This bird, seldom seen here, is peculiar to South An fields on the borders of woods. Darwin describes it " as a silly bird. A boy on an old horse may ride round and round, and by approaching closer and closer each circle he makes, may knock on the head as many as he pleases!" The Tinamou seldom perches on branches, and seems not very willing to use its wings, trusting rather to the swiftness of its legs. The flesh as food is most excellent, but, unfortunately, the Tina- mous are not capable of domestication. PANCIEilS' JOUENAL AND POULTKY EXCHANGE. 627 in working order, to be operated Ijy a loiitlier bolt two inclies wide, connecting with the shaft above, and driven by steam power, the old system of hand-lounis having almost become obsolete except for velvet goods, and oven they have recently been made by power. Perhaps there is not one thing in common use that has taxed tlio minds of inventors (except it bo to discover perpetual motion), since the lime of Cart- wright, its inventor, more than the improvement and con- struction of power looms for various purposes. In most every factory we see difl'ercnt styles of looms, according to the various fabrics woven. Silk textile fabrics may bo divided into throe classes: first, those that are perfectly plain, whether light or heavy, such as gros grains, pongees, marcolines, etc. ; second, those that have small ground figures, stripes, checks, etc. ; and third, those that are elaborately ornamented with designs, such as broeatellcs, damasks, brocades, etc., and can only be woven by the Jaequard machine. This machine is a cur: ous and ingenious contrivance, named after its inventor, a Frenchman, who lived in the time of the lirst Napoleon. They have, however, been much improved since his time, and are now capable of weaving portraits, landscapes, etc., as clear and distinct as steel-jilate engravings, — but having the advantage of engravings by having the figures raised, as is evidenced by the Coventry bookmarks; and who has not admired, in these beautiful gems, the portraits of Washing- ton, President Lincoln, Sir Walter Scott, Shakspeure, the Queen of England, and a host of others, so graphically por- trayed ? It would flu a volume to describe all the varied machines in o]ieration in a silk factory, which invariably impress the intelligent visitor with the wonderful inge- nuity of man, and seeing tlii.s almost divine piece of mech- anism in operation would give a clearer conception than any description in print, as constructed over and combined with a power loom. They are made of different sizes, from one hundred to twelve hundred ; this designates the number of perpendicular and horizontal wires or needles placed in sectional order in the body of the machine. A square or sexangular cylinder revolves on one side, perforated with holes exactly opposite the horizontal needles; as the cylin- der revolves, a string of perforated cardboards, pierced ac- cording to the design intended to be woven, traverses with it, and acting upon the needles, which in turn rule the opening of the warp, by means of a linen-thread harness, a certain number of duplicate lashes descending from each perpendicular wire or hook through a perforated board called a compass-board, and to each lash below the warp is attached a wire weight, about half an ounce in weight, which brings the warp down to its normal level when ele- vated. As in the plain harness, each thread of the warp is introduced through an eyelet, but generally in this case a metal or glass one. It is, indeed, an interesting sight to walk through a two or three hundred feet room, with columns of Jaequard looms ranged on each side, with men or girls diligently engaged on each loom, weaving difl'ercnt fashionable colors, with new names and new designs, to please the most fastidious. But we will now look into the ribbon weave-room; hero the looms are entirely dift'crcnt, both in size and construction, taking up almost the space of throe of the others. Instead ] of one fabric, there arc from six to thirty, according to the 1 width of the ribbon, woven in .each loom, with a distinct shuttle for each, which, instead of being pushed through the (To be coutiuucd.) I THIS IS THE FISH-HAWK : He TOmtn film not upon llie nanda, But up allure their graspini; liandi — Your Jcrscynmn he undcrstaodn. The Holdlcr-crab beneath hinj nprawla, But not on hfni my wIho bfnl rails — I'or breakrast he prefen) risli-ballii '. He's a born Brancher. Perched on u high and dry limb you may see him, as the cars whirl you over the wild sands at the reckless speed of seven miles or so an hour. He seems to be a male and a brooder. That nest of his, by the wav, is a wonderful creation. It was built by day's work, not by contract, and long before the war. Material was lower then than it is now, all that driftwood and cordage, which go to make it up, was never before so high. 'Tis a raft up a tree, but rafters it has not. Neither has it many rooms, and here you see a wise provision of Providence. The head of this family is never tempted to go spooking round from one apartment to another, looking for a soft spot whereon he may lay his head. Neither, in such event, could the female bird bo moved to follow him solicitously with a pillow ; the readiest thing to hand is a sharp stick, and with that she'd be after him if with anything. Another good thing about the Uawk House is that there are no stairs logo up; on a similar ))lan of architecture I intend to construct my cottage. It shall all be down stiiirs, with vestibule and hall door on the roof; no cellar-kitchen, no dumb waiter for mo. I don't see how a dumb waiter can ever answer ; if in the wide, wide world there be one that does, let us hear from it. The fish-hawk is not an eagle. Mountain heights and clouds ho never scales ; fish are more in his way, be scales them — perhaps regarding them as scaly-wags. For my bird is picus ; a stern conservator is he of the public morals. Last Sunday a frivolous fish was playing not far from the beach and Dr. Hawk went out and stopped him. 'Tis fun to watch him at that sort of work — stopping play — though somehow it doesn't seem to amuse the fish much. Up in the air he poises pensively, hanging on hushed wings as though listening for sounds — may be a fish's. By and by he hears a herring— is he hard of herring, think you? Then down he drops soon and has a Herring Safe. (Send me something, manufacturers, immediately.) Docs he tear his prey limb from limb? No, he merely sails through the blue ether — how hapiiy can he be with elher? — till the limb whereon his own nest is built is reached. Does the herring enjoy that sort of riding, think you ? Quite as much, I should say, as one does hack-driving : the hawk is but iho hackman of theair. Sympathize with the fish ? Not much. Nor would you if you heard tho pitiful cry the hawk sets up the moment he finds that his claws are tangled in the fish's back. Homo he flics to seek domestic consolation, uttering the while tho weeping cry of a grieved child ; there are tears in his voice, so you know the fish must be hurlio" him. Tho idea that a hawk can't fly over the water of an afternoon without some malicious fish jumping up and try- ing to bite him ! If a fish wants to cross the water safely, let hira lake a Fulton ferryboat for it. There he will find a sign reading : " No Peddling or Hawking allowed in this cabin." Strange that hawking should bo so sternly prohibited on these boats, when every Brooklynilo is chronically blinded with catarrh ! Loso BKi-Ncu, Julv u. — T/ic Tribune. 628 FANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTKY EXCHANGE. A»TCRTIS£M£NTS From reliable parties, on any subject interesting to Fanciers, will be inserted at 20 cents per line of about twelve words (Nonpareil measure ment), each number or initial will count as one word. The following Discounts will be made on Prompt Payments. For three months, 123^^ percent, discount. " six months, 25 " *' " ninemonths. 37J-^ " " " twelve months, 50 '* " ClIANOED AS OFTEN AS I>£SIREI>. No extra charge for cuts or display. Transient advertisements, cash in advance ; six to twelve months, quarterly in advance, or on presenta- ion of the bill, otherwise the above heavy discounts will not be made. £x:cbaiig;es and Wants, limited to 48 words, must be accompanied with 25 cents for each and ev^ry insertion. j^^ Advertisements to be sure of insertion must reach this office by the Monday morning mail, otherwise they are liable to be left over. Nonpareil Measurement. Count your lines by this rule, from line to line. ^Y.C\\\}\C\E.S. 9^ Advertisements in this Column, of Five Lines, or Forty Eight Words, describing and offering for excbaiige only, WILL BE allowed AT 25 CENTS FOR EACH AND EVERY INSERTION. C. M. GIl4]!IIAN, Southport, Conn., will exchange either Partridge Cochins (Crosby stock), Dark Brahmas (Williams' strain) ; White Leg- horn cockerel and four hens, worth %25 (J. Boardman Smith's stock)— for Tegetmeier's Poultry Book, Scotch or Skye Terrier, Stevens' Target rifle or shot-gun, knitting machine, or revolver. What other offers. W, H. KATJBlBOPfE^ Uncasvjlle, Conn., will exchange one paii nice American Dominique chicks, also two Yellow and two Silver Duck- wing Game Pallets (Wheeler strain). Any or all for choice Brown Leg- horn pullets— large and good stock. Make offers. J. T. B£l4r., Franklin, Pa., has two Black Sumatra Game hens, and one American Dominique cockerel (fit for exhibition), to exchange for "Cooper's Game Fowl" and good B. B. R. Game hens or pullets. Also "Home Coru Sheller" (new), to exchange for one year's subscription to "Fanciers' Journal." W. G. GREEN, West Chester, Chester County, Pa., will exchange a pair of first-class White Carriers — for a White Pouter cock, heavily booted. A White Barb hen for a White Barb cock. W. B, COCBtRAN, No. 140 Biddle Street, Baltimore, Md., wants to exchange Herdbook Jersey Calf— for Portland Cutter Sleigh. Must be new, or nearly so. A. K. MARTIN, P. 0. Box 1384, Biughamlon, N. Y., wants to ex- change five Duckwing Game Bantam cockerels, three pairs of Black Red chicks, one pair of Lop-eared Rabbits, and a number of heavy Game cocks (pit fowls) — for Fancy Pigeons or Light Brahma fowls or chicks. I will guarantee satisfaction and want the same. C- E. li. HATWARD, Peterboro,' N. H., wants B. African Ban- tams and fancy pigeons, in exchange for Partridge Cochins, Light or Dark Brahmas, White or Black Leghorns, B. R. Game Bantams, Pea Fowls, or Rouen Ducks. B. H. HINTERIOEITER, of Kutztown. Berks Co., has for ex- chauire, a fine pair of Brown Leghorns, and A-No.-l Black Spanish hen of 1874, for one trio Light Brahmas. €. S. GILBERT, Millersburg, Dauphin Co., Pa., will exchange one cock, three hens. 1874 hatch (Bicknell's high priced stock), and five pullets. May, 1875 hatch, all Golden Polands— for White Cochins. Must be good. What offers? W. PIEDRIT, Warsaw, Ills., will exchange one trio Black Spanish, ne trio S. S. Hamburgs, — for Red or White Barbs, Black Cochin pullets, r Lop-eared rabbits. W. PIEDRIT, Warsaw, Ills., will exchange one pair W. Spanish, one White Leghorn hen, one pair Long-faced Yellow Tumblers— for Bl'k Cochin pullets, White Barbs, or Red Barbs, and Lop-eared rabbits. GEORGE C. PEASE, Reading. Pa., will exchange a few Ameri- can and German canaries for fancy pigeons. What offers? IjEE F. BAWSON, Omonta, N. Y., has to exchange one cock and two stags, Silver Diickwing (Bicknell and Osborn stock), for Brown Leg- horn cockerel, and B. B. R. Game pullets. The stags are March and April hatch. Write. HORACE M, POOEE, Rockland, Plymouth Co., Mass., has to exchange a small bore Sporting Rtfle, got up by William Reed & Son, Boston, and a good one. Also, Cooper's Work on the Game Fowls. What offers ? I J AS. H. PHIEEIPS, Coventry, N. Y., wants one pair each of Light Brahma, Plymouth Rock, and Brown Leghorn pullets. Must be first-class. Give description and strain. j JNO, E, HEATH, Albany, N. Y., wants Brown Leghorns and Black Hamburgs, in exchange for White Leghorns. What offers? GEO. BUTEERS, Oak Park, Ills., has a Tegetmeier Poultry Book, with colored illustrations, nearly new; also. White Leghorn cockerels, to exchange for White Leghorn hens or pullets. Ouly No. 1 stock MACK W. MINER, Wyoming, Ills., has two female canaries, one of which is a good singer, to exchange for a Himalayan buck, or B. B. R. Game hen or pullet. M. O'BRIAN, Sherburn, Chenango Co., N. Y., will exchange B. B Red Duckwing, or Derby Game fowls or chicks, for Pekin ducks (1875 hatch), or Ferrets. What oilers? W. E. HOUGH, Hornellsville, N. Y., will exchange one pair Sil- ver Duckwing Games, two trios Black-Breasted Red Game chicks, two Silver-Spangled Hamburg hens, one pair Dark Blue Pouters, 17 inches long, good blowers, three pairs White Fantails, all thoroughbred stock — for White or Brown Leghorns. BOX 94, Peacedale, R. I., will exchange his entire stock of Dark Brahmas, one cock, nine hens, cockerels and pullets, all from P. Williams' strain, and good birds— for AVestern apples or a small pet dog. What offers ? M. A. FRT, Vineland, N. J., wants to exchange two Brown Leghorn cocks (Kinney's) for cocks Bonney's strain; one Dark Brahma cock (Churchman's) for oue of another strain. They are all over five months old. Mine are very nice, and I want the same in exchange. E. S. "WHITING, Plainville, Mass., will exchange a few pairs A-No.-l Black African Bantam chicks for either Black, White, or Yellow Barbs, Turbits, or Crested Fantail pigeons. None but those willing to exchange A-No.-l birds need apply. "WM. HUNT, Tivoli, N. Y., offers splendid White or Brown Leg- horns in exchange for Plymouth Rocks, with fine markings and pedi- gree. Pedigree given and required. ELIJAH EOX, Meriden, Conn., has for exchange about 25 pairs of White mice, young and old, with mouse cage, one Remington revolver, and one white Spitz bitch — for canaries. Lop-eared rabbits, or fancy pigeons. What offers ? S. »- R. SMITH, Williamsport, Pa., will exchange White Cochin hen. Dark Brahma hen, White Sultan ben, four White Cochin cockerels, cock and three hens Black Javas, one trio G. S. Hamburgs, oue pair each Red Magpies, White Pouters, Yellow, Black, and two pairs Red Tumblers, one Slate-Blue Fantail cock. Black Pied Pouter cock. Silver Pouter cock, Black Brunner Pouter cock, three male Canary birds, ten White mice — for Light Brahma, White, Black, and Buff Cochin hens or pullets. S, B. R. SMITH, Williamsport, Pa.,' will exchange Gold Watch, Clock, Sharp's four-shot revolver, two new fancy Bird-cages, with globe on top for fish, nine new fancy Bird-cages, two new Squirrel cages, with wheel, two new fancy painted Mouse cages, with wheel, two new Parrot cages, four new fancy painted Hanging-baskets — for Light Brahmas, White, Black, and Buff Cocbin hens or pullets. S. B, R. SMITH, Williamsport, Pa., will exchange the following new books " The Tavern Keeper's A^ictims," " Parson Brownlow's Book," " Our Rulers and Our Rights, or ; Outlines of the Government,'' " Under- ground, or ; Life Below the Surface," "Tegetmeier's Pigeon Book," — for Light Brahmas, White, Black, and Buff Cochins. C, B. BAST, Kutztown, Pa., will exchange Black or Dunn High- flyers, Red Saddle Fantails, Black Carriers, or one trio Dark Brahmas, April hatch, not heavy booted, well-marked otherwise — for four pullets and one cockerel. Houdans, white ones preferred. JOHN EAIR, Lambertville, N. J., will exchange one pair of Rouen ducks, or Black-Breasted Red Games, for Black-Breasted Red Game Ban- tam pullets. Must be willow legs, bay eyes. None others wanted. Must breed true to feather. M. T". BEYBENBURGH, Bay Shore, L. I., will exchange a pair of chice Pea fowls, a year old, for a good double-barreled shot-gun. B. F. WHITE, Ashley Falls, Mass., will exchange two pair Black Baldhead Tumblers, two pair each of Red and Yellow Tumblers, three pairs Quakers, oue pair White Fantails— tor White, Brown or Black Leg- horns, or S. S. Hamburg pullets, Plymouth Rocks, Harness, Robe, or offers JNO. HENBBICKS, Tamaqua, Pa., will exchange a first-class family horse, for first-class Jersey cow. JOHN CUSTER, No. 921 Two-and-a-half Street, Harrisburg, Pa., has oue Brown Thrush (good singer), one pair of Pine Squirrels or Chip- munks, male and female, one pair Silver Duckwing Bantams, or Cana- ries—will exchange the above for good Light Brahmas. M. VON CUEIN, Delaware City, Del., has to exchange one thor- ough-bred black Setter bitch, one year old ; black and tan, Gordon, Red- Irish, and English Setter whelps, and one Pointer whelp— for Fancy Pigeons, Fowls, Cocker Spaniels, or five-pound black and tan Terriers. BEN J. HUESE, Box 23, Allentown, N. J., will exchange Shepherd Dogs, Fancy Pigeons, Pouters, Short-faced Tumblers, Yellow Mottled Jacobin hen. Ring Doves, Brown Leghorn and Plymouth Rock cockerels —for Aylesbury Ducks, Black Cayuga drake, White Carrier cock, Tur- bits, Jacobins, Owls, and Archangel cock. JOHN B, WHITE, Chicopee, Mass., will exchange White Georgian Game cock— for Turbits, Mottled Tumblers, Partridge Cochin pullets, or Bantams. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. •nsroT :f"Oi?, ia?SEL:F — stjt ipoie -A-XjIj. Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, OCTOBER 28, 1875. No. 43. GOSSIP ABOUT DAME NATURE. May E. Bkan, evidontly a close observer of Nature, gos- sips in true womnn's stylo as follows, in the Vermont Farmer, on tlio nicoting of the two seasons, autumn luul winter: " I suppose you have seen Dame Nature with her fall suit on. I think it very attractive. Some say that she put it on too early. I don't blame her, it is so elegant and becoming. And they do say that Jack Frost has taken a fancy to her ; and what is more she encourages him. There's .something in it, too, I guess, for I saw her with his diamonds on the other evening, and ho comes to see her almost every night, and makes pretty long visits too, sometimes. I suppose that you have heard how she coquetted with him last spring? It was about the time she was having that green dress made — she wore it all summer, with some altering, and they do say that hor fall .suit is made out of that same one colored over. Well, as I was going to say, she would snub him and then encourage him, until the poor fellow hardly knew what she did mean (and no wonder), and then she gave him the slip entirely after that. He hasn't got any spirit or he wouldn't eha.se her after that. " I heard it whispered, some time ago, that he was about to make her a call, and so I watched — for of course I wanted to know all about it— and would you believe it, he sent up his card two or three times before she was at home. But I guess he thinks ho will have her pretty well in his power when he once gets her. He is a crafty fellow, and it seems to me that she might do better. And then he's so rude ! why they saj- that unless ladies wear thick veils over their faces, when thoy go out after dark, he will bo very likely to kiss them, but 1 think that ho would sooner bite them, or if he did kiss them it would be a very cold one. " But I forgot to tell you ! They say that if Dame Nature concludes to accept Jack for better or for worse, and I think she will, .she will have a white dress embroidered with dia- monds, and an entirely new set of diamonds, pendants and all, a present from him. " Dear mo I I must go now, I have tarried now longer than I ought, already. Now, if you hear anything more, don't forget to let me know, for I shall be so anxious to hear. '■ THE EPIZOOTIC DISEASE. This catarrhal trouble with liorsos, now prevailing again all over the country, though in a milder form than origi- i nally, may be easih' cured with timely and proper care. | Very few fatal cases occur this year, and it is thought that it will soon exhaust itself. A correspondent of the Baltimore ..4h!c;-iV(7h says that he prevented his horses from having the epizootic by an expec- torant treatment, and that friends used the same means with sucee.ss. Ho dissolved one loaspownful of crvstal chlorate of' potash in a bucket of water, this amount making a morning doso for four horses. Another dose was given at nigbt. A dose at noon is recommended if the disease is developed. In last Sunday's Boston Herald another writer says: " Now that this afTcction is showing itself among the horses again, and so many persons are dependent upon them for their daily support, allow me to give those interested the following, which was published in the Transcript of October 26, 1872, when there was an epidemic disease throughout the ccHHitry : " 'Havingcarried my stock of 80 horses through the dis- ease called "catarrhal fever," now so prevalent, without losing a case, perhaps it would interest owners to know a simple remedy. On taking the disease, the horse shows signs by his lassitude and cough. Give him five drops of aconite, followed in two hours by five drops of belladonna; keep him quiet, with loose diet, and after the third day he will be able to work. The medicines are given in the first dilution of the honifpopathic form.' D. "The remedy is simple and ctTective. I saw the above letter when it was published, and having two horses taken sick afterwards, I tried it and they came out 'as good as new.' I told several people of it, and they tried it with the same result." THE TROSACHS. CiiAKLKS Wakrk.v ."^ toddap.d, writing of the Trosachs, says, "The United Kingdom rings with the-fame of this ravine, a wilderness of rocks and foliage ' totally unexam- pled, it is supposed, in the world.' A single mile of tragic scenery, be it never so wonderful, can hardly hope to escape rivalry in some part of the universe. I claim that the ravines about Tanialpais and the gorges in the foot hills back of Oakland, to say nothing'of the canons of the Sierras, will compare favorably with the Trosachs. Had the British poets not struck their harps with such confidence, and ex- hausted their vocabularies in praise of this one sjlen, I bc- ieve many a traveler would thread it without special wonder. It was here the Dermids and the Clan Alpine met in fierce combat. Out of the forests of rowan, birch, hawthorn, and oak the abrupt clitl's tower on each side, and beyond their frowning brows, away up among the clouds, the mountains lift their venerable heads crowned with the sunlight. Before we have fairly begun to realize the grandeur of the situation our coaches wheel out into the open country, and the grand sensation of Scotland, and indeed of Great Britain, is over." The World breaks out on the great obituary provoker in this fashion : Mary bad a little Innip. 'Iwns BUed with kerosone. And .Mary down the ohininey blew, and l<'fl Ibis earthly scene. Gone to meet tier fattier, who drow bis ijiin to bim by the muxile. 630 FANCIEES' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. PodLJF^Y DE[=;^I^J|VIEfJj. (For Fanciers' Journal.) MERIT vs. PEDIGREE. Oi' a couple of cocks I will now try to tell. Of their family mattei's I know full well ; And cock sure 'tis I am, they descended or fell From the very same cock and the very same hen, And were hatched and were reared in the very same pen, And were fed by the same kind old woman ; — but then They were different quite — no resemblance at all Could be found in these cocks, one was large and one small. For the largest was truly a high standard cock. Was fat, sheeny, and trim, the best plumed of the flock. And he figured one hundred, I've not the least doubt, For no judge in tlie world would dare mark him an out. And the pullets all liked him, more than forty had he. So he cared not a fig for his pedigree. But, alas ! for the small one, no hen could be found. That would walk by his side, or would follow him round — 'Twas so mean that he looked, both in plumage and style, He was lame and ill-formed, all drawn into a pile, And his bill it was crossed, and crossed was one eye, And his carriage was whisky, his tail it was wry ; His left leg was quite long, crooked, scaly, and bare. His right leg was quite short and thick covered with hair ; His right wing pointed upwards, the left one stuck down. Growing high on his back his pale comb could be found ; All his feathers were twisted, he had but a few. On one side they were red, on the other were blue ; For all this he would two hundred no doubt If one faithfully counted his each glaring out ; And yet hopeful and vain, ever boasting was he. Of his one only honor, a good pedigree. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE PLYMOUTH ROCK FOWL. By Dr. A. M. Dickie. No. 1. ORIGIlSr AKD HISTORY. In undertaking to write a few articles on the origin, his- tory, and economic points of the Plymouth Rock fowl, we do not wish to be regarded as a special pleader who is una- ble to see or admit any good qualities in other breeds of fowls. We have no particular strain to magnify and exalt, nor any birds to enter in the "Poultry Pedigree Book," nor even a book to advertise, but will endeavor to relate a " plain, unvarnLshed tale," with naught exterminated. In these days of keen rivalry, and sharp and sometimes unscrupulous competition, every man's motives are scrutin- ized ; and, on the merest shadow of probability, he is accused of having an axe to grind, or at least suspected of having a hatchet in his sleeve. We hope no one will be misled by these remarks. We are free to acknowledge that we breed Plymouth Rock fowls (as any one can see who reads the ad- vertising columns of the poultry journals), and we breed them to sell, but we here and now disclaim any intention to advertise our own stock in these articles. No man can write understandingly of a breed with which he is not prac- tically acquainted — and he ought not to be accused of self- seeking when he undertakes to describe a breed with which he is familiar. The Plymouth Eook fowl is one-which is as yet but little known outside of the fancy, and not as well known in it as its merits deserve. It has not been heralded by costly col- ored illustrations and long articles in books and journals ; but, notwithstanding its obscurity, it is the peer of any of the far-famed, much-advertised breeds in any quality that makes a breed valuable. There has been some contradiction in reference to the origin of the Plymouth Kock, some giving one source and some another. Fortunately, however, there will be no oc- casion for so wordy a war as has been waged in reference to the origin and history of the Brahma. It will not be neces- sary to ransack the records of the Custom House, or to go into such learned anatomical, geographical, and polemical dissertations as have been evolved in settling the question of the origin and subsequent history of that " Eoyal " bird. (N.B. Who can now give the origin of the Brahma fowl.) Some thirty years ago, Dr. Bennett, of Massachusetts, the most noted fancier of his day, produced some sort of a cross- bred fowl which he named Plymouth Eock ; but, whatever may have been its breeding or its merits, it completely died out, and contributed nothing whatever to the breed of to- day, except, perhaps, the name. Why it was that so emi- nent and so capable a fancier as Dr. Bennett allowed his Plymouth Eock fowl to disappear so soon and so utterly, is hard to tell. It may have failed to come up to his idea of what a fowl should be ; or, probably the/Mro7-e created about that time by the appearance of the Asiatic fowls, so engaged his attention that all other fancy interests were absorbed by that grand coup. From whatever cause, it undoubtedly had a brief run, and was forgotten until the introduction of the present Plymouth Eock, some seven years ago. At the show, given under the auspices of the New Eng- land Poultry Club, at Worcester, Mass., in 1868, Mr. D. A. Upham, of Connecticut, exhibited the first Plymouth Eoeks, as we know them. They attracted the attention of fanciers and others, and were much admired. This successful intro- duction of the birds to the public lead others to breed fowls like them, or as near like them as they could. Thus the several parties had each his own particular " strain " or kind of Plymouth Eocks, each differing from the other. It was hinted, and even printed, that they were produced by a cross between a Dominique cock and a Black Java or Cochin hen. This may have been the origin of some of the different strains, but is inapplicable to Mr. Upham 's, which is the genuine original strain, and has, since 1868, furnished blood directly or indirectly to all the others. Mr. Upham is a genuine fancier, and has bred fine poultry for, at least, a quarter of a century. His home is in the town of Thompson, in the north-east corner of Connecticut. In 1855 or 1856, his attention was drawn to some fine, large, hawk-colored fowls, belonging to A. M. Spaulding, an KANOIKRS' JOUHNAl; AND F'OUI/PUY EXCHANGE. 631 Hcquaintnnco of his. Mi\ Upliiim, ami ii nciglibor, by tlie numo of Town, culled upon Mr. Spimlding with a view to ascertiiiiiing what they could concerning the breeding of his fowls, and to purchasing a few of them, if any were for sale. Mr. Hpaiilding, it seeniH, was not a fancier, and could give no very doflnito information concerning the pedigree or blood of his fowls. He bred them for market only, and always tried to have them as largo and fine as pos.sible, without regard to plumage or ]iurity of blood. Mr. tl]jham selected, and finally bought, two pullets and a cockerel, and took them homo with him. He bred them with no very satisfactory results. A few of the flnest pulhits were selected and mated with a cock of his own raising, resembling them in color and general characteristics. This cock was a cross-bred bird. His dam wa.s produced by crossing a thorough-bred English Gray Dorking cock on a Black Cochin hen, while his sire was descended from stock which originated from eggs sold by G. P. Burnham, of Melrose, Mass., about twenty-five years ago, said to be Gray Chitagongs by fanciers of that day. They were very large, fine-looking fowls of excellent laying and table quali- ties. We are now approaching very near the origin of the modern Plymouth Bock fowl. The progeny of the Spauld- ing trio, bred to this cock, were the first of this breed — or rather, this was the foundation upon which it was built up, although not named for two years subsequent to the first mating of the parent birds. The first season's product was not uniform in color and markings. Some were black, with heavily-feathered legs ; a few were of the desired color, with clean yellow legs, but they were all birds of fine shape and size. By a careful selection of the best pullets and mating them with their sire, the second year's product was much more uniform in markings, most of the progeny being of the desired color in both sexes. In the third year's breeding he produced the birds which he named Plymouth Rocks, and exhibited them under that name at the above-mentioned show. Prom that time to the pres- ent the breed has been improved by judicious mating. The beauty and markings of their plumage have been, by care- ful breeding, brought to their present standard. The size has increased steadily, and they continue to breed truer, from year to year, as the type is becoming more fixed and definite. Wherever they have been exhibited they have won the admiration of fanciers and breeders, and have now been shipped into nearly every State in the Union. This, then, is very briefly the origin and history of the Plymouth Rock fowl, and may be considered authoritative. (For Fuiiciors' .Touni.ll.) ANOTHER TKIP. We recently spent a low days in the Quaker City, and once there the rcmombranco of the scenery in the vicinity of Oak Lane made us gladly accept the kind invitation of Mr. Wade to spend a few days with him. When there be- fore, we saw nature amid the cold, chilly winds of Novem- ber, but even at such a season saw much to admire. JSow that nature was clad in her coat of dark-green, the pic- turesque beauty of the vicinity was really enchantin" ; and when the autumnal garb, with its brilliant variegated hues is donned, the views from Oak Lane will be truly ma"-nifi- «ent, and such as a lover of nature alone can appreciate. Wluit a strange contruiit murkH the departure of the sum- mer foliage. In its last days its very splendor, so to speak, notes the rapid decay, the passing away of the beautiful in death. No arti.st can portray the glorious tint* painted by the autumnal sun. What u sad and impresHive sight to contemplate the " falling leaves," as each breath of air rustles them onward in countless numbers to Ibeir graves. They fall, not lifeless, but each and all arc moved by the sighing wind's unseen power. Home, bird-like, sail through the air, others perform numerous evolutions, while all are gently drifting towards the same destination — mother earth. Although Mr. Wade does not pretend to keep any fowls, yet a few good iloudans, a Light Brahma cock, and sev- eral others we saw on his lawn, were proof sufficient to us that he still hank(!r(-d that way, and, no doubt, were his attention and time not entirely monopolized with the Jour- nal, Oak Lane would, as of old, be heard from. He has a good collection of choice pigeons, a black squirrel, and a white one also, which I believe was presented him by Mr. Bassett, of Berlin, Wis. His pets and beautiful location attract many visittjrs — each evening the lawn being en- livened with a good-natured company, which makes a visit there very agreeable to a stranger. The black' squirrel, getting out of his cage one morning, we enjoyed quite an amateur squirrel hunt. It took two ladies, three gentlemen, and one hour to get him back; but, thanks to Mr. Wade's dexterity in tree climbing, Blacky gave up, and retreated in good order to the kitchen. We noticed a very fine Alderney heifer, which was very fond of company, and Mr. W. informs us is one of the best pets he owns. Across from Mr. Wade's, we again went to Mr. Court- ney's, and examined his this year's product of Buffs, which are fully up to his usual excellence. Another neighbor, Mr. Knight, showed us some choice young Bark and Light Brahma.-; and Game Bantams, which were kept in neat and clean quarters. Mr. W. remarked that both of these gen- tlemen were very successful, careful breeders, always keep- ing everything in just such excellent shape as we saw it. Mr. W. E. Flower we again had the pleasure of meet- ing, and as he alway.< knows where there is anything worth seeing, we willingly accepted his escort. We first went to the Sharpless estate, where we again shook hands with the "amiable Jimmy," who kindly showed us all his stock of excellent Dark Brahmas, including his recent importa- tion from Mr. Boyle. " Jimmy " was as enthusiastic as ever, and is satisfied he has yet sufficient good birds to dis- pose of to parties to advertise as their otrn strains. His Dark Brahmas need no praising, they can speak in a pointed manner for themselves (wherever their merit is questioned). "Jimmy " was kind enough to show us his garden ; and, if there is anything we admire next to choice, pure-bred fowls. it is a well-arranged and nicel^'-kept garden. This was one well meriting our warmest admiration. Notwithstanding the ravages of the Colorado potato bugs, "Jimmy "had brought it through, and was master of the situation. The garden is neatly and systematically laid out, and the numer- ous walks bordered with evenly-trimmed boxwood. Al- though a little late to see the garden in its " best days," yet there was still sufficient to exhibit that Mr. Brennan has skill and genius for other things beside Dark Brahma breeding. A long grape arbor, extending from the garden to the mansion, was the finest we ever saw — every vine be- ing trimmed systematically alike. Emerging from the 632 FANCIBES' JOCJKNAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. arbor the first view that greets your eyes is across the spa- cious lawn, where the artistic effect of the beds, with the clusters of choice flowers, scattered here and there attiong the splendid, stately evergreens, was one ever to be remem- bered. A few hours amid such surroundings soon unob- servedly passed by, and " Jimmy " treated us in his charac- teristic manner, making us feel welcome and glad we came. From here we went to the residence of Mr. JTlower, where, after viewing birds, etc., we relished a good supper with him and his amiable better half. He still hangs on to a few choice Light Brahmas, his motto being quality in preference to quantity. If he exhibits at any of the coming shows he can send birds that will be able to keep good com- pany and come out second to none. He also has fancy rab- bits and pigeons. The day was ended by Mr. Plower accompanying us back to Oak Lane. To him is due the enjoyment the day afforded. He has a happy faculty of taking visitors as readily to other yards as his own. The next evening, at one of the Oak Lane neighbor's, we heard some fine vocal and instrumental music. The follow- ing morning we met Mr. Jacob Graves, of Boston, the "incubator man," and also of "Poland Mineral Spring Water " notoriety, and with him and Mr. Wade we "done " the Centennial grounds and buildings, visited George's Hill, and finally the Zoological Garden. Mr. Graves, like my- self, was astonished at the immensity of the buildings being constructed, and also their neat and substantial architecture. The view of the city from George's Hill is attractive, and so is the beautiful flower-beds bordered with the magnifl- cent coleus. Either the walk or the Poland M. S. W. had sharpened Mr. Grave's appetite to such an extent that we took dinner at the "Zoo," he not being able to wait until we could return to Oak Lane. The sable waiter had never seen a Boston man " run down " things before, and he eyed us suspiciouslj', and tread around with as much caution as the great elephant recently lost there. Mr. Graves said it was not the walk, but " Poland water did it ;" if so, what a card ! But, will not its general use break up boarding houses? for, Grave-ly speaking, there will be no profit in boarders if they drink Poland water. .The collection at the "Zoo" is certainly very excellent and all are of the best specimens. We passed through too hasty to notice in detail, but remember seeing two (to us) new specimens of squirrels, the " Jerelang " and " Cocoanut Squirrel" — the latter very pretty. Yours, etc., Bkooklandville, Md., October 4, 1875. G. 0. B. (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE NEW STANDARD. The new standard has come to hand and is, in most re- spects,- very complete. The standard on Brahmas has been most admirably adjusted to harmonize confiicting views, and I believe it will be generally acceptable to the breeders of the country. Previous to the last Buftalo Convention, by an article in the Fanciers' Journal, and also by a letter to the chairman of the Committee on Brahmas, I called attention to the impropriety of describing the cocks of this breed as " upright in carriage." I am pleased to notice that this error has been corrected. The present description, "carriage bold and attractive," is more correct and in bet- ter taste. This description has been retained in the whole Cochin class. This is so evidently erroneous and uninten- tional, that the editor or secretary should draw his pen across the word "upright," and leaving the description under this head simply as "stately." This would do no violence to the views of the Committee or the Convention, for I am fully satisfied that not a single one of the breeders of Cochins, in the Convention, would desire cocks with " upright " carriage. Suppose the Cochins of diflTerent colors should understand the requirements of the new standard, and should at once assume an upright carriage, their backs vertical and necks stretched up to their full length, after the manner of the modern Black-breasted Red Game cock, what a sight they would present ! It is insisted that the new standard shall be strictly applied, and 3'et if this should be done at any of our leading shows the protest of all Cochin breeders would be prompt and emphatic. Several other breeds are improperly described as " upright in carriage," but in none other is the impropriety so mani- fest and striking as in the Cochin class. I do not write this in a fault-finding spirit, but because this error majf be cor- rected by the secretary, and by all who have purchased the standard, without doing violence to the views or wishes of the Convention. The Convention, or the Executive Committee of the American Poultry Association, should have fixed upon some weights in the Asiatic class as entitled to the full number of points for the guidance of their judges. This matter will be easily managed in exhibitions where the heaviest specimen may be taken as the standard weight, and all competitors compared with this. But where^individual specimens are scaled for registry in the books of the Associa- tion no such comparison can be made, and there will be a great want of conformitj' unless this matter should be acted upon by the Executive Committee. Each man will be left to his own individual views and preferences, and we know there is a great diversity of opinion with regard to this matter. Mansfield Valley, Pa. F. K. Wotrinq. (For Fanciers' Journal.) INDIANA STATE POULTRY ASSOCIATION. The above association held their first exhibition at In- dianapolis, from September 28th to October 2d, in connection with the State Pair and Exposition. It was a grand success, there being over five hundred fowls on exhibition. The association premiums were all oflered on single birds, thus giving every bird a chance for all it was worth. Our man- ner of judging was to have the fowls to be judged on placed side by side, in coops, all alike, without entry cards, to show to whom they belonged, then the judge was called in and told to decide according to the New Standard of Excellence. Mr. W. H. Todd, of Vermillion, Ohio, performed this task to the entire satisfaction of all exhibitors — we believing that one competent man could decide better alone than with two others not so well posted. The result proved that the one- judge system was best, as all were satisfied. Mr. Todd also delivered an address on poultry interests in general, at the Exposition Hall, before a good audience. He handled the subject in a manner that showed him to be an expert in the business, and thoroughly posted. Our principal exhibitors were G. D. Jay, Kokonio, Ind. ; I. N. Barker and James Riley, Thorntown, Ind. ; 0. P. Hollingsworth, Traders' Point, Ind. ; J. L. Carey, W. P. FANOIKRS' JOUKNAL AND POULTRY KXCHANGB. 633 Ohristiiin, E. G. liagby, iiml \y. H. Fry, Indiuniipolis. It is our intention to hold ii winter show during Janufiry, 1876, and will have a rouser, as tho lien Cover is just starting in this State. AWARUS ON SINdI.E DIKDS. Best collection of Poultry — W. II. Fry, Indianajiolis. Brahmas — Light — Coclt, Isl, G. D. Jay, Kokonio ; 2d, O. HoUingsworth, Traders' Point, Ind. ; 3d, VV. H. Fry. Hen, 1st, H C. Green; 2d, G. D. .Jay; 8d, W. II. Fry. Coek- erel, 1st, W. H. Fry; 2d, 0. P. llollijigsworth ; ;Jd, G. D. Jay. Pullet, 1st, and 2d, J. U. Jay; ;id, W. H. Fry. Dark Bralnnas — Cock, 1st, Janjes Kiley, Thorntown, Ind. Hen, 3d, J. Riley. Cockerel, 1st, VV. II. Fry; 2d, G. D Jay; 8d, I. N. Barker. Pulha, 1st, E. G. Bagley, Indian- apolis; 2d, G. D. Jay; 3d, 1. N. Barker. Cochins — Buff — Cock, 1st and 2d, J. L. Carey, Indianap- olis ; 3d, W. F. Christian. Hen, 1st and 2d, W. F. Chris- tian ; 3d, J. Lowe Carey. Cockerel, 1st and 2d, J. Lowe Carey; 3d, I. N. Barker. Pullet, 1st, J. L. Carey; 2d, I. N. Barker; 3d, W. F. Christian. Partridge— cock, 1st, G. D. Jay ; 2d, W. II. Frv ; 3d, U. P. HoUingsworth. Hen, 1st and 3d, W. H. Fry"; 2d, G. D. Jay. Cockerel, 1st, G. 1). Jay; 2d, W. Ii. Fry; 3d, 1. N. Barker. Pullet, 1st and 3d, I. N. Barker; 2d, W. H, Frv. Black— Cockerel, 1st W. H. Fry. Pullet, 1st and 2d, W. H. Fry. White- Cockerel, 1st, W. H. Pry; 3d, James Kiley. Pullet, 1st and 3d, W. H. Fry ; 2d, James Kiley. Leghorns — Brown — Cock, 1st, O. P. HoUingsworth. Cock- erel, Island 2d, W. H. Fry ; 3d, 0. P. HoUingsworth. Pul- let, 1st, 0. P. HoUingsworth; 2d, W. H. Pry. White- Cockerel, 1st, I. N. Barker ; 3d, O. P. HoUingsworth. Pul- let, 1st, 0. P. HoUingsworth ; 2d, I. N. Barker ; 3d, W. Rice, Michigan City. Hamburqs — Silver — Hen, 1st, W. F. Christian. Cock- erel, 1st, W. F. Christian ; 2d and 3d. W. H. Fry. Pullet, 1st and 2d, W. 11. Fry. In Black, Silver and Golden-pen- ciled, all to F. M. Herron, Indianapolis. Potentfs— Silver— Cock, 1st H. C. Green. Hen, 3d, H. C. Green. Cockerel, 1st, I. N. Barker. Pullet, 3d, I. N. Barker. White-crested — Cockerel and pullet, 1st on each, W. H. Fry. Houdans — Cock, 1st, hen, 1st and 2d, J. Riley. Oames — Black-breasted— all to F. M. Herron. Plymouth Rock — Cockerel and Pullet, 1st, James Riley. Bantams— B. B. Game — Cock, 1st, W. F. Christian; 2d and 3d, W. H. Fry. Hen, 1st, A. J. Early, Now Albany; 2d and 3d, \V. F. Christian. Cockerel, 1st and 3d, W. H. Fry; 2d, W. F. Christian. Pullet, 1st, O. P. HoUings- worth ; 2d', W. H. Fry. Golden Sebright— Hen, 1st, I. N. Barker; 2d, O. P. HoUingsworth. Cockerel, 1st, I. N.- Barker. Pullet, 1st, O. P. HoUingsworth ; 2d and 3d, I. N. Barker. Duckwing Game- Cock, hen, and pullet, 1st, W. H. Fry. Silver-spangled — Cock and hen — 1st, H. C. Green. Spanish — W. F. B. — Cockerel and pullet, 1st, J. Benson Sunnian. Turkeys — Bronze — 1st, W. A. Ennis, Clermont; 2d, W. H. Fry. DhcAs— Aylesbury— 1st, O. P. HoUingsworth ; 3d, W. H. Pry. Pekin— 1st, H. C. Green Oeese — Embdon— 1st, VV. A. Ennis; 2d, H. C. Green. White Swan— 1st, W. A. Ennis. Toulouse— 1st, O. P. HoUingsworth. Wild— 1st, W. A. Ennis ; 2d, W. H. Frv ; 3d, W. F. Christian. W. F. Christian took 1st on Golden Eagle. A>yARDS ON PAIRS. J?n//(mrts— Light— Fowls, 1st, G. D. Jay ; 2d, W. H. Fry. Chicks, 1st, W."H. Fry; 2d, G. D. Jay; 3d, O. Holling.s- worth. Dark— Fowls, 1st, James Rilov. Chicks, 1st, G. D. Jay; 2d, E. G. Bagley; 3d, W. H. Fry. Cochins — Buff— fowls, 1st and 3d, J. ij. Carey ; 2d, W. P. Christian. Chicks, 1st, J. L Carey; 2d, I. N. Barker; 3d, W. P. Christian. Partridge— Fowls, 1st, G. D. Jay ; 2d and 3d, W. H. Frv. Chicks, 1st, W. H. Fry ; 2d, I. N. Barker; 3d, G. D. Jay. White— Chicks, 1st, W. H. Fry; 2d, James Kiley. Black— Chicks, 1st, W. H. Fry. Spaiiish~W. F. B.— Chicks, 1st, John Bennett. i iei?/H»-ns— White— Chicks, 1st, O. HoUingsworth ; 2d, I. ' N. Barker. Brown— Chicks, Ut, W. H. Fry; 2d, O. Hol- lingsworth. llamburgs — Golden — FowIh and chickx, l»t, 2d, and 3d, F. M. Herron. Silver— Fowls and chicko, l»t, W. F. Chris- tian ; 2d and 3d, W. H. Fry. I'olish — Silver— Fowin and Chicks, Ist, H. C. Green. White-crested Black— Chicks, Ist, W. H. Fry. Houdnns — Fowls, Ist, Jumcs Riley. Oumns—Q. B. K.— Fowls and Chicks, all to F. M. Herron, Bantams— M. B. K. Giime — Fowls, 1st, VV. F. Christian; 2d, 0. HoUingsworth ; 3d, W. H. Fry. Chicks, Isl, W. H. Fry; 2d, VV. F. Chri^ti»n; 3d, O. HoUingsworth. Duck- wing Game- Chicks, l.-t, VV. H. Fry. Golden Sebright — Fowls, 1st, I. N. Barker; 2d, O. HoUingsworth. Chicks, Ist and 2d, I. N. Barker. Silver Sebright- Fowls, Isl, U. ,C. Green. Chicks, l.-t, O. HoUingsworth. Plymouth lioe.ks — Chicks, Isl, James Riley. White Guinea Fuv.ts—Ul, H. C. Green. Turkeys (old birds)— 1st, AV. A. Ennis; 2d, H. C. Green ; 3d, VV. H. Frv. Bronze (hatch of 1875J— 1st, VV. H. Fry. Z)«c/.-.v— Aylesbury— 1st, O. HoUingsworth ; 2d, W. H. Fry. Cayuga — 1st, W. H. Fry. Gee.sc— Enibden— 1st, W. A. Ennis; 2d, H. C. Green. Toulou.se— 1st, O. HoUingsworth ; 2d, W. A. Ennis. While Swan— 1st, W. A. Ennis. Wild— 1st, VV. A. Ennis; 2d, W. H. Fry; 3d, W. F. Christian. Collertion of J'ir/cons—Ut. W. H. Fry and F. M. Herron. Aiiu-inuiiirrutn/^Cunanes and Cages — 1st, G. W. Mor- rison, Indianapolis. Folding chicken-coop — 1st, J. VV. Oli- ver. Egg shipping-box — J. Bennett, highly commended. Yours respectfully, Wm. H. Fry, Secretary. POULTRY EXHIBITION. At a special meeting of the Central Connecticut Poultry Association, last week, it was voted to hold the annual ex- hibition at the town hall, Bristol, next December, to be open to the public on the hjih, 16th, and ITth daj's of said month. The officers are now at work begging specials, etc., and find the interest now manifested in tho exhibition to exceed that of last year. Tho rules will be perfected and the premium list enlarged, and many new departures will be inaugurated, one of which is to give first premiums to both old and young ducks, geese, and turkeys, so that those who have only young birds will not have to compete wiih the old ones. Every effort will be made to draw out an extraordinary display of pel stock and pigeons as well as poultrj-. The prospects are so encouraging for a large show that it is proposed to use the rink as an exhibition room in connection with the town hall. Tho Recording Secretary, Mr. James Shepard, of Brislol, Conn., will forward tho premium list (as soon as it is made up) and entry blanks to all applicants. — Bristol Press. U'"r FancKTs' Journal.) AHEAD OF MY TIME— NOT MUCH. Friend Wade: In your last issue of Fanciers' Journal, I was amused with Mr. Pylo's account of the probable " origin of the Brahma" fowl. Ho thinks ho can beat all the oldest breeders, and give them odds, since he " bred them for years, in 1840. and afterwards, in Valparaiso, Chili." This is important, if true. It rights Lewis Wright, piles up fame for Pyle, knocks Charles Knox higher than a kilo, and is a little ahead of my time. Thoy spelled it Brahmaputra then, says Mr. Pyle. He got his birds ofl" of an English vessel, in South America. Was this the phantom ship that Cornish and Wright aver arrived at New York xvilh the Brahnia/Hxjfrai, in 184'J, and afterwards in 184G? Whore is Wold, Flaisled, Felch Miner, Chamberlain, and tho rest, after Mi« announce- 634 PANCIEES' JOUENAL AND POULTEY EXCHANGE. meut? Mr. Pyle, at Valparaiso, Chili, makes a very chilly statement here, and leaves them all out in the cold. One of these stories is just as good as the others, no doubt. But, mark it, none of them ante-date the appearance of this grand breed of domestic fowls which Mr. Burnham received, orig- inally, from Philadelphia (of Dr. Kerr), in 1849. Please stick a small pin here, and add for me that the originals do -not, and never did, lay "dark-brown eggs," so far as this deponent knows. Very likely the " Brahmaputras," the Burrampooters, the Burmaporters, the Bummerpaduas, the Brahmapewters, and other "Bummagems" of former days, referred to in my Hen Fever, laid dark-brown eggs. I guess they did. I never had any of these mongrels, and so I cannot attest to this. Tour correspondent, Mr. Flower, in a recent number of your paper, told the exact truth in relation to this little matter, when he wrote, "that (after reading Tegetmeier, "Wright, Burnham, Doyle, Bement, Lewis, and others), to George P. Burnham, of Melrose, Mass., belongs the honor of having originated the Brahma fowl." And Mr. W. H. Todd, of Vermillion, Ohio, thus adds his testimony on the subject: "In the accounts of the origin of the Brahma fowl, I have read diligently and closely all that has been written, and I am now thoroughly convinced, by facts and argument, that your position is correct, and that your account is the only true one." (This in a letter to me after reading my " China Fowl.") I have not written much of late, but I read the poultry papers, and, occasionally, I like to take a hand in what is going on, you observe. Mr. Pyle is a clever breeder, and writes' very pleasantly, but the original Brahma field is my stamping-ground, every time. Tours truly, G. P. Buknham. Melrose, October, 1875. -,",v" . (For tlie Fanciers' Jourual.) PEKIN TO AYLESBURY. The far-away music of that extra quack-ing reached Massachusetts very early after the first importation of "Imperial" Pekin Ducks, and, notwithstanding what we then considered a very high price for the embryo musicians, we were determined to have some of them, and to that end we saved all our extra nickels during the winter of 1873-74, till we had succeeded in collecting enough to warrant us in sending for a sitting of eggs. Very carefully were the remaining eggs handled (four were broken en route), and after going through the process of incubation, the twenty- sixth day brought us five ducklings, which, to us, were worth their weight in gold, and we congratulated ourselves that we were on the high road to fortune. But we knew not what fate had in store for us. We " watched and tended" these ducks, our air castles becoming every day larger in proportion as those ducks grew, till they were about half grown, when our castle was rudely demolished, and our "Imperial" Pekin Ducks, for the time being, dwindled into insignificance. A brother came, who had long been absent in " furrin " parts, spending a number of years in Shanghai, and we must needs show him our new acquisition. "What," says he, "ten dollars a dozen for the eggs those ducks came from? If you had paid fifty cents a dozen it would have been fifty cents too much, and I could have brought you a ship-load of them, had I known you would care for them. Why they almost run wild, and they are as the sand by the sea-shore, they are so plenty." Our ardor was somewhat dampened for a long time, and though we can conscientiously praise the Pekin Ducks, we are thinking inwardly, " Nothing but a common white duck after all," and we have never since been guilty of prefixing the " Imperial." Now, it does not seem at all probable that the Pekin Ducks brought to this country ever saw the inside of the Imperial Poultry Tards, and why need importers seek to convince breeders that such is the fact, when the knowledge that they are imported from Shanghai will content the most of the fanciers in this country. A valuable acquisi- tion to the poultry-yards they are, most assuredly, and, as they have become plenty enough to quack for themselves, they can dispense with Mr. Cliffs extra quacking, since he he has helped them so successfully to quack themselves into favor. Pkkin. Plymouth Co., Mass., October 20, 1875. PiqEofl DEpy^F^jjviEflT" (For Fanciers' Journal.) THE ONE HUNDRED MILE RACE. The Fairmount Pigeon Plying Society had a sweepstake on October 18th, from Baltimore, Md., to Philadelphia — dis- tance, 100 miles. Fifteen birds were entered for this match, but only six could be brought to the starting post on the racing day. The winner of the first prize was a Blue Checkered cock, named " Ironside," owned by Mr. Fred Woods, who made the quickest time ever made in this coun- try— 100 miles in two hours and thirty-one minutes, and did great credit to his owner's method of training, and, we think, it will be some time before it is beaten. The second prize winner was owned by Mr. John Eostron, who also made very good time with his young blue hen, " Gasometer," nine months old ; time, three hours and seven minutes. Third prize was won by Mr. Thomas Grist with hisyoungblue cock " Birmingham," six months old ; time, five hours and eighteen minutes. Fourth bird's time, six hours and forty- two minutes. Fifth bird's time, eight hours and fifty-five minutes. The sixth bird did not arrive on day of race. Mr. James Grist, the well-known Homing pigeon fancier, and Mr. Joseph Buckley, No. 2211 Callowhill Street, who have contributed many prizes, have arranged another sweepstake, to be flown for on Thanksgiving Day, from Bristol, Pa., for a gold medal and money prizes. For further particulars, call on Mr. Joseph Buckley. I am authorized to state that Philadelphia will match a bird to fly one hundred miles against any bird in the United States. Each party to select their own route. By sending a deposit to the editor of the Fanciers' Journal, a match can be made. The match to take place in November, for fifty to one hundred dollars a side. I would also state that a few of Mr. Wood's friends will present him with a beautiful gold medal in honor of his winning the Baltimore race in such extraordinary short time. Thomas Grist. P A N CI K l{ S' J O U Jl N A li A N I> P O U I; 'J' li V K X C II A N (; K. (JHf) STANDARD FOR FANCY PIGEONS. That W(^ iirc siully in wiml ul'u stinidnrd on fancy piijjcnns no pigeon fancier will deny. Sonio fiinciors aidtiiowliidgo Brent, others Tcf^otmeior, and slill others Mooro as author- ity. I presume that tliis woric properly helongs to the Na- tional Coluniharian Society, and not to the American Toul- try Association, of making n .standard on fancy pigeon.s. I received from Mr. Ralph, of Huft'alo, N. Y., some time aj;o the American Standard of Excellence, giving a complete description of all the recognized varieties of fowls. It is a noble work, and no true fancier should bo without it; and 1 have no doubt whatever but that all who are fanciers will be perfectly satislled with it. Now, then, I wish to ask the question, Why cannot the ollii-ors and members of the Na- tional Columbarian Society moot together, and give to the pigeon fanciers of America a standard of excellence, so that we may no longer bo in the dark ? We have a host of men in the fancy. I might name from among them Burlingame, Van Winkle, Wade, Ilalstod, Long, Kirljy, Williams, Bicknell, and Yowdall. The men that I have named above are all true fanciers, and whatever they might unite upon doing we know would be right. I have heard the idea ad- vanced by some breeders, that as soon as the work on fancy pigeons, now being is.sued by Jlr. Fulton, was completed, we would have a porfoct standard. Now, then, all right, provided the National Columbarian Society would say to us, " Wo have adopted the standard on fancy pigeons as laid down in the work issued by Mr. Fulton, and it shall be the acknowledged authority for judging pigeons in America. " The time has come, brothers in the fancy: we must have a standard ; wo all feel the want of it. If you visit a Colum- barian show anywhere in the United States, and in particu- lar if you are acting as judge, you will be astonished when you read the names on some of the coops. All this would end at once if we had a standard to be governed by. Come, gentlemen, wake up, call a meeting at once, and come to some conclusion. Tennkt. DOYLICSTOWN, Pa. RAISING SaUABS. Jos. M. Wade. Sir: I'lease answer the following questions in your sprightly paper. How many pigeons will a loft 20 x 10 feet contain— the pigeons to have their entire liberty, and the squabs to be sold? How old are squabs allowed to get before being killed, and how ought they to bo killed? How much do squabs bring per pair in the Philadelphia market? D. Passaic, October 11, 187."). [Were we going to stock a loft of the size above given, we would commence with 25 pair of the largest birds to be had — half or quarter-bred Carriers are good for this purpose, besides being excellent feeders. At least one side of the entire loft should be fitted with nest boxes. Squabs are usually killed by Jerking the nock just before they leave the nest. Some bleed them ; but this is a slower process. They are worth in Philadelphia from 50 to 7.') cents per pair; sometimes lower than 50 cents and higher than 75 cents, though not often. New York would bo a better market, as a large portion of their supply comes from this city. — Ed.] As an instance of the longevity of elephants, it is said that the identical state elephant which carried the Marquis of Hastings when he visited Lucknow, India, a century ago, as Governor-General, will be in the procession to welcome the Prince of W^ales when he visits that city. Sf=>OF^JS|VI/\[^'s DEfA^F^JIVIEfJj. (I'..r KHri.-i,T»'.I..„riKi!.) THOROUGH-BRED NEWFOUNDLAND DOGS. Friend Wade. A few weeks since our attention was c:illcd to a grand pair of Newfoundland dogs owned by Mr. E. B. d'E. Picot, of Brancbtown, Twenty-second Ward, Philadelphia, and as you devote a portion of your valuable journal to the canine race, wo thought a short notice of this magniiicent pair might interest a few of the " d.)g fanciers" at least. The dog Leo is all black, has a fine head, is remarkably in- telligent, and will permit the children to harness him to a small wagon, and will trot along seeming to enjoy the fun quite as much as do the children. The bitch Lutece is all black with the e.\ception of a small spot of white on her chest and under jaw. At the time of our visit she had an interesting family often pups, six dogs and four bitches — all of which show good breeding, and promise to be equally as fine as their sire and dam. Jlr. Andrew Downs, the celebrated naturalist of Halifax, N. S., writing of this pair of dogs in 1874, says: " The parents of Leo were the best bred pair of dogs in Nova Scotia — just a.s well bred as the dog that was presented to the Prince of Wales when he was here. Leo is about ten, and Lutdce about seven months old. She is equally as well hred as Leo. The offspring of thosi^ dogs will be as fine as any in New- foundland. 1 can warrant thorn both pure-bred New- foundland dogs. I have had fifty years' experience in breed- ing them." In a letter just received, Mr. Downs says, that " the noble Newfoundland dog is now becoming very scarce. Two years ago I sent the finest pair in Halifax, dog and bitch, in no way related to each other, to my friend Mr. E. B. d' E. Picot, of Philadelphia, where I hope he will be able to establish the true breed, which have long, straight, black hair. Curly-haired Newfoundlands are not thorough- bred." Mr. Picot exhibited this pair at the show held at Col. Wood's Museum in Philadelphia, and each was award- ed first prize as the best bred dog of their class. Mr. Picot is an enthusiastic fancier of well-bred dogs, and is of course justly proud of his Newfoundlands, and can talk dog as fast as alien fancier can talk chicken. W. E. Flowek. (I'or F.iiK-icrs\Tournal.> A DOG STORY. Mr. Wadk. Dear Sir : As they have done telling us about the upper, the under, the inside, and the outside dog in the fight, 1 will relate a dog story. About two miles from here lives Captain Charles Tucker, a retired officer of the British navy, who has a large St. Hubert Bloodhound bitch, which is within four or five weeks of having pujis. About two weeks ago he had a sow that had three pigs, and died the same night. Thoy carried the three pigs to whore the Bloodhound bitch was standing, when she commenced whining, jis though she wanted to take charge of them. They handed the pigs to her, when she laid down and let them suck hor, which she has done ever since. They were taken from her yesterday. Now, sir, I mean to keep track of these pigs and see whether they grunt or growl. G. F. Baker. Oakville, Oxtario, October U, 1S75. 636 PANCIBRS' JOUJRNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. JrAMCIERS'JjoUSNALANDipOULTEy(j^XCHANaE, JOSEPH M, WADE, Editor and Proprietor. Prof. A. N. Raub, Associate Editor. Published Weekly, at 39 Norti Nintli Street, Philadelphia. SUBSCRIPTION PBICE— POSTAGE FREE. Single Copies, by mail, $0 10 Per Annum, by mail, U. S. and Canada, 2 50 Foreign Subscribers, add two cents per eopy for postage. EDITORIAL DEPART3IENT. BREEDING OSTRICHES. The recent accident at the Zoological Garden, at Pair- mount Park, noted in a late number of our paper, reminds us of an account we saw not long ago, referring to this race of gigantic birds, which are being experimented with in the British Colonies at the Cape. The statement is made that "farming ostriches in large numbers, for the purpose of securing a regular and abundant supply of their valuable fea- thers, is being tried in South Africa, in the vicinity of the Cape of Good Hope. A large extent of suitable bush land is fenced in, over which the birds roam peaceably enough in ordinary times, but in the breeding season the pairs select and occupy one of the several small camps laid out for the purpose. The birds are very fierce and savage at this period, but at all other times are as tame as a flock of sheep. They assem- ble to be fed at bugle call, though the feeders have to be careful of any loose articles there may be about, for the os- triches snap up and swallow immediately any such trifles as tobacco pipes, knives, spoons, coins, etc., and make attempt to wrench oft' buttons from boots and clothing, and are not particular as to watches and chains, if they can secure them. The plucking of the birds is a dangerous operation. They are enticed by the bugle call into a small enclosure, where they are packed as closely as possible to prevent them from administering those terrible kicks to the pluckers of which they are capable, and which are delivered with a force sufiicient to break a man's thigh." " A HUNDRKD THOUSAND DOLLARS IN GOLD — HOW TO MAKE IT." This is the title of G. P. Burnham's new volume of over 400 pages, just put out in elegant style, and copiously illus- trated, by W. J. Holland & Co., Springfield, Mass. Everj'body who reads this latest work of Mr. Burnham will be delighted with the intensely interesting narrative, which renders it a live book. The character-drawings from actual life, and the spirited dialogue and chain of incidents running through these well-written pages, will absorb the reader's attention from the outset ; and the accurate delinea- tions of notable persons in this countrj', described in the happiest of language, will be found highly entertaining. Among the leading representative men whose careers from poverty to fortune are portrayed in this volume, we notice those of A. T. Stewart, John Jacob Astor, Cornelius Van- derbilt, Kobert Bonner, Elias Howe, Jr., Wm. B. Dins- more, Alvin Adams, of the Express Company, P. T. Barnum, Stephen Girard, Dr. Schenck, Peterson,' Childs, and a host of other noted wealthy Americans — while as an offset, the fictitious characters of Mr. "Boss Tweedle," " Mose Top- ley," the Washington informer, and a score of others, are immense. The moral of this capitally told story is both healthy and instructive, and it may safely be commended to young or older readers, as embodying ample good advice in detail as to how to make a fortune honorably, creditably, and surely. It contains over fifty character or full-page engravings, and is sent, postpaid, to any address, for the retail price ($2.50) by the publishers, or the author, at Melrose, Mass. POULTRY-REAKINQ BY LADIES. A LADY CORRESPONDENT, who is an enthusiastic lover of pets (among them good chickens) writes us, that she is " surprised that a more extended admiration of the pleas- ant pastime and real enjoyment in rural life that may be found in chicken-raising is not more evinced among Amer- ican women." In England, from Queen Victoria, formerly, down among the noble ladies to the commoners and the cottagers, all over the realm, this agreeable occupation has long been fashionably current;' and many of the aristocratic women of that country are now noted for their skill and success in producing fine poultry, samples of which, from the walks of Lady Gwydj'r and other prominent ladies, carry away leading prizes for excellence in quality at the English ex- hibitions in late years. It is very certain that no employment for a portion of the leisure of women, upon the farm or suburban country estate, can be more delightful to those who have a taste for this amusement ; and surely none are more competent for such a pleasant task than women, whose tender sympathies and gentler care may be profitably as well as satisfactorily devoted at times to this work. We have among us many ladies who give their attention to this occupation, but whose native modesty prevents their making themselves publicly known among poultry fanciers. We would be glad to know that this recreation was gener- ally adopted among the ladies whose opportunities alford them the facilities to rear good chickens ; and we cordially second the expressed wish of our fair correspondent, that " this interesting work, so appropriate and congenial to fe- males, when once they become interested in the subject, will become general;" since we are quite assured that, while none can perform the requisite duties in this direction better than they can, we are also confident that no pursuit can be found more agreeable and entertaining, in its results with the ladies, than may this employment. BIRDS OP NORTH AMERICA. Parts 2, 3, and 4 of this valuable work are now before us. Part 2, Plate IV, contains seven figures : Rail, male and female ; Virginia Rail ; Song Sparrows, male and female ; Marsh Wrens, male and female. Plate V contains seven figures : the great Horned Owl ; Rose-crested Grosbeak, male and female; American Red Start; Black-throated Blue Warbler; Black and White Creeper, and Yellow- throated Warbler. Plate VI illustrates a Wandering Fal- con, or Great-footed Hawk, attacking a flock of Mallards while feeding, and is a spirited picture. Plate B, wing extended. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. 637 Part 3, Plato VII : pair of (Ircon Heron, with young and nest ; Cat-bird ; Maryland Yiillow Thrush, nialo and female. Plate VIII: Wood or Summer Ducks, male and female; the Short-tailed Torn and Black Tern. Plate IX : pair of Woodcock, with young ; the Wood Thru.sh ; Yellow-breasted Woodpecker, and Scarlet Tanager. Part 4, Plate X: Great Snowy Owl and a pair of Snow Buntings. Plate XI : Pair of Yellow-shanked Snipe, and pair of Semi-palmatod Sand Pipers; also, tlio Great Tern, or Sea Swallow. Plate XII: Baltimore Oriole, male and female; Orchard Oriole ; Indigo-blue Bird, and the Hooded Fly-catcher. Each part contains four full-page colored plates, 12.\15 inches, and eight pages of finely-executed letter-press de- scription, on good, heavy paper. The book will be completed in thirty-six parts, at one dollar each. It should bo in the hands of all lovers of Natural History, who can possibly atford it. Jacob H. Slud(H-, the publisher, Columbus, Ohio, will give any further information in reference to this book. A COKE FOR VKRMIN Ui'ON poultry is going the rounds of the agricultural and other papers, advising the use of " mercurial ointment, or ungiteii/.nm." In a recent poultry publication, we saw this recipe, with these cautionary words at foot — " the above preparation should be carefully used, and applied in very moderate quantity." Now we unhesitatingly recommend that this poison be never used on live stock, of any kind, to destroy vermin. It is about as certain to kill your fowls, as the lice on them. And wo have the death of a valued terrier reported to us recently, where " unguentum salvo" was too freely ap- lied, by a novice, to destroy skin-nits on the pup. Not long ago, we saw in a Massachusetts paper an account of the death of a nice Jersey heifer, belonging to a Mr. Fearing there, through the u=e of this same " remedy for cow-lice." It destroyed the vermin, and killed the young animal, about the same time. Powdered sulphur upon young chicks, and sulphur and lard, with a few drops of petroleum mixed through the mass, upon mature fowls, is a good, safe, and sure remedy for this nuisance. But the smallest quantity of mercury added, is injurious, and the latter is quite unsafe; since it is very pungent and penetrating to the flesh, and few or none of us understand its proper use, at the best. We therefore urge that it be let sevorelj' alone. HEAVY WEIGHT. Mr. a. p. Groves, Secretary of the Pennsylvania State Poultry Society, informs us that last night (October 22d) he weighed a Partridge Cochin cockerel which brought down the scales at twelve pounds. He is still growing rapidly. REMOVAL. Mr. E. R. Spauldikq, the noted Game and Game Ban- tam fancier, has removed from Cedar Creek, N. J., to Jaf- froy, N. H. See advertisement. ERRATA IN I'lGKON DKPARTMENT. The last paragraph in the ''Homing Pigeon" article should have been headed IVic Short-faced Antwerp. It was so in the original make-up, but tho cut was removed for an earlier number of the Journal, and with it the heading, hence tho mistake. Cof^F^ESpOfJDEfJCE. THK RACK rUOM MONMOUTH JUNOTIOK. M K. Kbitok : Our race from Monmouth Junction came off last Tucnday, between Mr. T. Grist and Mr. Fassett, of Philadelphlu, and myself, of New York. Our birds were set free together, according to the Bilgiiui rules, after being properly marked. It was a tine sight to see them go up In the air as high as the eye could roach to see them. They kept together for about fifteen or twenty minutes, when we lost them from view. The weather being kind of ha/.y, our birds did not make good time — my bird doing the distance of forty-ono miles in one hour and nine minutes, while Jlr. Fassetl's bird, who seems not to have found its direction so goon, took three hours and eleven minutes to do the forty-eight miles. Mr. Grist's bird, who had not been trained in three months or more, came home later during the day. Our contest was not for any great value, but rather for pleasure, which made it just as amusing and interesting. I trust that our birds will do better on tho -SOth, when they will fly from Philadelphia and New York. The New York Flying Club intend to have a great purse race from the city of Baltimore, next June, and we trust that the Phila- delphia fanciers will make up their minds soon to partici- pate en masse in this contest. The birds from the two cities will bo classified according to the miles flown in a certain time, which rule is now adopted all through Belgium. Please give the above a place in your esteemed Journal, and oblige Yours truly, JouN Vas Opstal. New York, October 22, 1875. A GOOD EXAMPLE TO FOLLOW. Jos. M. Wade, Es(J. Dear Sik: Herewith please find $2 (club rate), for which send the Fanciers' Journal one 3'ear to whom the Central Connecticut Poultry A.ssociation shall dictate. I have given this as a " special " for their show, December 14, 15, 16, and 17, 1875. Very respectfully, A. E. Abbott, East Hampton, Mass., October 21, 1875. .\geDt. CENTRAL CONNECTIODT POULTRY ASSOCIATION. President— IE,. B. Dunbar, Bristol. Vice-Presidents— S. K. Gridley, J. H. Sutliffe, Bristol; W. A. Spaulding, New Britain; A. E. Abbott, East Hamp- ton, Mass. ; Wallace Hart, Bristol. Corresponding Secretary — Geo. W. Mitchell, Bristol. Recording Secretary — James Shcpard, Bristol. Treasure — Geo. A. Gowdy, Bristol. Executive Committee — L. E. Moulthrop, F. E. Terry, Geo. Turner, Bristol ; L. E. Atwalor, C. L. Hotchkiss, Forest- villo; D C. Peck, Burlington; N. Covert, Plainville; W. W. Bull, Plymouth ; J. H. Cleraence, H. A. Warner, W. j W. Carter, William Keynolds, F. E. Darrow, E. S. Hollis- ter. Earl Arnold, Bristol; N. C. Smith, Berlin; Thos. H. AVheelor, New Haven ; S. S. Van Buren, Hartford. An amateur sportsman in the Catskill regions was under- stood to have shot a bear the other day, and the telegraph offices within a hundred miles of the neighborhood were Siaid to send the news to tho gentleman's friends in town. [t was subsequently ascertained that the bear was a cow. After settling with the farmer, and receiving a good lecture for his stupiditj", tho amateur sportsman started for his home in New York, cia Europe and the Holy Land. 638 FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. SjWA^LL Pej De|=/^i^tiwe[J7 AND TOTJNa FOLK'S CORNER. THE CARELESS BOY Lost ! a funny little fellow — Cheeks of red and hair of yellow. Send a crier through the town — Cry him all, up and down? These the features in the case : He never put things in their place ; He threw his hat upon the floor, He hung his jacket on the door. His books — but all his faults why tell : The consequence we know too well. Let any one do just as he did, ' Then find the article that's needed. Vexation followed him each day. Because of this untidy way ; The birdies twitted him in song, And chirruped as he came along : " You're a queer, untidy blade ! Eggs of ours are not mislaid ; — How would we fall in disgrace If our nest we should misplace ?" Flowers and leaves upon the tree Whispered : " Look ! — how orderly ! Method see at every turn." Spite of this he would not learn. Thus from bad to worse he passed ; He mislaid himself at last ; He may now be looking for Himself at this very hour. Lost! a funny little fellow — Cheeks of red and hair of yellow. No doubt he's on some high shelf. Where he has forgot himself! (Reported for Fanciers' Journal.) ARRIVALS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS, For the week ending October 20, 1875. 1 Iguano (/. iuberculata). Purchased. 2 Ring-doves (Oolumba palumhus). Presented by Mrs. Mary Sturgis, Philadelphia. 2 Hybrids (between a turkey and Guinea fowl). Presented by H. C. Williams, Philadelphia. 2 Marmozets (Jacchus Vulgaris). Presented by Dr. Jno. Agnew, Philadelphia. 1 Greyhound {Canis familiaris leporarias). Presented by Miss A. M. Whelan, Philadelphia. 1 *Crested Curassow (Oro.-K eZecio?-). Presented . 1 Opossum [Didelphys Virginianus). Presented by Master Clinton Toltz, Philadelphia. 3 Blue Jays [Cyanocitt cristata). Presented by I. Edward Parnum, Philadelphia. 3 Gray Foxes ( Vulpus Virginianus). Presented by Jno. Baird, Philadelphia. 1 Black Squirrel (5'cmrMs niye;-). Presented by Master Jno. E. Sulger, Philadelphia. 1 Hawk [Buteo hyemalis). Presented by " Kind Hands," Philadelphia. Huon. * The Crested Curassow is really a very beautiful bird, It belongs to the thickly-wooded districts of Guiana, Mexico, and Brazil, where it is found in great numbers. There is quite a large family of the Curassows, all of which are nearly as large as the common turkey, more beautiful in color and form, quite as delicious for the table, very easy of domesti- cation, and therefore there seems no reason why the bird might not be added to our edible poultry list. Would it not pay breeders and fanciers to undertake the introduction of the Curassows to our tables. THE ENGLISH SPARROW. A PEW years ago the English Sparrow (Passor domesiicus) was introduced into our city, and has become thoroughly domesticated, more so than in its foreign home, scarcely moving out of the way either for carriages or pedestrians ; but, under some influence, climatic or otherwise, a change is taking place both in color and form ; and the sparrow, so long known for its plumpness, is yearly becoming more slender, much lighter in color, and some quite variagated, with here and there a tendency to whiteness, and from all appearance there will, in a few years, be developed a dis- tinct variety from the European stock. Peppkrookn. (For Fanciers' Journal.) "ZOO" NOTES. BY HUON. No. 2. BISON AMERICANTJS. Of these animals the only bovines indigenous to America, the Society's family, five in number, may be considered very complete, and very happy and comfortable does it appear to be in the new home on the west side of the Garden. Young "Morgan" (born last winter in the pen on the east side) grows apace, and bids fair to become a goodly " bison," or "buflFalo,"as our "Zoo" authorities will persist in calling him and his kind, though it is well known that we have no buffalo proper in America. Custom must be the only ex- cuse for adhering to the name. Civilization, represented by the white man, seems to have determined upon the extermination of the bison, nor is there any let up. with the Indian savage for the noble beast. Even at the season of the year when both fur and flesh are in the worst condition, vast herds of them 'have been butchered merely for their tongues, which would be bartered away for a few barrels of villainous whisky or a dozen or two of con- demned rifles with red rags ad libitum; and though the bison still ranges over the boundless prairies of the far West in vast numbers, yet are they being so rapidly reduced by the hunters, that it is highly probable in a few years a bison in his native condition will be as scarce in America as the dodo of the Mauritius, the apteryx of New Zealand, or the great bustard of England are now in theirs, and if found at all, it will be in Zoological Gardens or traveling menageries. It is therefore worthy of a moment's pause before the beast passes away from his prairies, and consider how well be has filled the place to which he was assigned, for he seems to have been especially appointed to supply the red man with his three most important wants — food, raiment, and lodging — and whisky? That was not among the redskin's original wants, Halchen mio. Indian commissioners, civilized white men, and it is said Christian vnissionai-ies, have created that want, and now, I grant you, the " firewater " seems a neces- sity with Lo, be his name Sioux, Piute, or Modoc ; and, as I have said, the poor bison must by his tongue supply it. But to return to the three important wants of the Indian. The flesh of the bison (which is most excellent) afl:orded ample food. The skin gave robes for personal covering, bedding, and sides as well as roof to house or wigwam, while his hoofs, converted into glue, helped the savage to make arrows, shields, and other articles necessary to his mode of life, and it may safely be concluded that with the extermination of the bison must, as a consequence, follow FA NCI K US' JOURNAL AND POULTRY KXCIIANGE. 639 that of the Indian himsoK, for Iho one 8oem8 indispensable to the existence of the other. Tlio Indian is indeed fully aware that without the bison h(! cannot possibly exist in this world nor in the world to come; for one was heard to declare to a cclebralcd missionary (who was cndeavorin^r to preach away the "liappy hiinling grounds" in the far be- yond), that he did "not want to go to the heaven of the pale face — no buffalo there. Ugh I No buffalo hunt I How pass time? In red man heaven hunt buffalo all the day. Ugh I- Spaciou.s as the new pons are, we can only see the bison captive. Ho ajipears there to no advantage; even young Morgan seems to have all the life 7)c;(»cd out of him. If you could see them, Ualclien mio, on their native plains, where a landscape of hill and dale, bluff and level, with all its infinite wastes, which strike the mind with awe at their grand and boundless scale, then you would have some con- ception of the bison, the l£RirK, Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pa., will ex- change a first-class Butt" Cochin hen for a White Cochin hen as good. Also, Dominique hen for a Black Spanish cockerel or ben. BOX 333, Vinelaiid, N. J., will exchange a Graves' Incubator, in good condition, for Poultry or other property. Will also exchange Light or Dark Brahma hens, of good stock, for fine Partridge Cochin cockerels. OEO. r. STII^IiMAN, Westerly, R. I., will exchange a select Black Hamburg cockerel, for bretding — for a Black Hamburg cockerel for same purpose. Also, will exchange a S. S. Hamburg cockerel for an- other. Want none but first-class stock such as mine are. J. J. ARNOIiB, Lockport, N. Y., will exchange one pair Blue Homing Antwerps (from Wade), for White Pouters, AVhite Jacobins, Black Mottled Trumpeters, Swallows, or Turbits. See Wants. JOAN VONN^riiT, Box 8G, Doylestown, Pa., will exchange Brown-Red, and Brass-Back Games, for American Dorainiques. Also, one Irish Gray hen to 'exchange for a Black-Red hen. What offers? Who speaks first? EDWARO STUCK, York. Pa., will exchange a fine thorough- bred Pointer dog pup, 4 months old, of stock fully warranted, valued at ®2o, a trio of Bronze turkeys(Vanderveer's strain, Port Jackson), hatch of 1875, and a trio of adult Light Brahmas— for a second hand no-top Buggy, or light-top Wagon. £.. A, U.ATS, Spring City, Chester Co., Pa., will exchange 10 pairs of White Fantails, Rouen ducks, Pearl Guineas, Light Brahmas, and two Dark Brahma pullets— for Organ, Gold Watch, or Sewing Machine ; must be in good order, as the stock is good; none better. What other offers? ISAAC VAN 'WINKI.E, Greenville, N. J., will exchange 52 numbers of Gustave Dore's Illustrated Bible, or 30 numbers of Dore's Illustrated Don Quixote — for pigeons or fowls. Bible cost 352; Don Quixote, §30. Good as new. Ij£W, p. O. Box 959, Portland, Me., will exchange his thorough-bred Red Irish Setter (was shot over last season) for one pair White and one pair Black Trumpeters. Birds must be first-class. R. R. HENDERSON, Washington, Iowa, will exchange one trio Partridge Cochins (hatch lS7o) for Nos. 1 and 15 of Wright's Illustrated Book of Poultry (Todd's stock, and good). A. E. ABBOTT, East Hampton, Hampshire County, Mass.. will excliange one pure liver-colored Setter (one year old), one J. Stevens & Co. " pet " rifle, one White Cochin hen, and White Lsghorn chicks. What offers ? BR. B. F. BEARBSI^ET, Bingharaton, N. Y., will exchange two Pekin drakes (15 weeks old, weight S pounds each), two Plymouth Rock cockerels, and one trio Buff Cochin chicks, early hatch — for Pekin Ducks, Plymouth Rock pullets, Light Brahmas, or Bremen Geese. None but first-class stock sent, or wanted. GEO. W. EVENDEN, Williamsport, Pa., will exchange one Pointer slut pup, six months old, partly broke— for good rifle, revolver, Ferrets, or offers. CITAS. E. 1.0NG, Lancaster, Pa., will exchange one pair Blue- capped Magpies, Yellow-capped Magpies, Homing Antwerps, or Red- capped Turbits, good birds — for three early-hatched White Leghorn pul- lets, with pure white ear-lobes and good comb. Each party to prepay expressage ou their birds, EI.I.IOTT OTEIiSf AN, Box 153, Troy. Kansas, will exchange Earl Derbys, pit Games, watch, saddle, guitar, one trio Partridge Cochins, No. 1, Tegetmier and Wright's Poultry books — for Game Bantanas, Black- red hens. No. 1 Dark Brahma hens, and Plymouth Rock hens, amateur press, etc. ABRAHAM PERRY, Monroe, N. Y., will exchange for the fol- lowing: I'ark Brahmas, Aylesbury Ducks, and White Leghorn pullets, must be good — cue American watch, Elroy movement, 2}4 oz. watch-case, good timer, for 20 of the above, one black slut f^si.x pounds), eight Tumbler pigeons, and two large snapping turtles, 20 pounds each. What oflers ? J. BERST, Jr., Erie, Pa., will exchange one California Squirrel (male) lor female of the same. One trio of Black-red Game Bantams, one Duckwing cockerel, one G. P. Hamburg cockerel — for Himalayans, Silver Gray or Dutch Rabbits. What ofter? P. "W". CAREW, Toledo, Ohio, wants to exchange one Brown-red Game Bantam pullet, four months old, for an Irish Gray Game Bautam pullet; also, a splendid pure White Game 'cock, 5% pounds, and three "pit" hens. Pyle, Ginger-blue, and Blue-gray, for Red Pyle Game Bantam. G. H. Goodrich:, Toledo, Tama County, Iowa, has choice Part- ridge Cochins, hat(!h of 1»74 and 1875, or Black-breasted Red Games, to exchange for a breech-loading shot-gun. must be in good condition and first-class make. The Cochins and Games are good ones. FANCIERS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. "isTOT :F0S, ITSEXjIF BTTT :F O R ^XiX,-' Vol. II. PHILADELPHIA, NOVEMBER 4, 1875. No. 44. PodLTF^Y DE^i^F^JIVIEflj. FROM THE ATLANTIC TO THE PACIFIC. Mk. Wade. Docs it not seem strange that on one Wednesday we may bo on one side of the world and on the next be on the other? And we shake the dust from our garments, look at the creases and travel-stains, think of the distance we have como with scarcely an exertion on our part, and call our- selves travelers! What are we beside those in the first days, when homes were broken up and men, women, and little children, with their all in a canvas-covered wagon, almost walked the weary way across the plains ; spent weeks, — yes, months, — when we grumble at days, among the sage- brush and alkali, where the sameness of our surroundings made us feel that the morning found us where wo drew our curtains at night, and wo were in the evening where the day began ? Did those pioneers possess a patience that does not enter into our composition, or what? Our first chicken experience was at Omaha, and a tough one it was. Many of us replenished our lunch-baskets at the depot there with roast chickens, — scarcely larger than quail, — at one dollar each, and how we were sold! Every expedient was tried, but noilhor tooth nor knife could make an impression. A gentleman — the unfortunate possessor of one — who, with a vision of a lunch at his leisure, had slighted the dining-hall at Omaha, after trying in vain to dismember his bird, asked his neighbor — a " man of muscle" — to "do him the kindness to assist him in disjointing his chicken." Each seized a leg, but the man of muscle pulled his neighbor over the seat and across the aisle, but neither skin, tendon, nor fibre of that wonderful bird gave way. From Omaha through, game seems plentiful. We saw many antolopo alive and some dressed and hung up "in camp," and sportsmen came on the train with trout, but prairie chickens we saw only in the dining-halls-^^and how delicious they wore ! One gentleman came aboard the train, the first morning out from Omaha, with one hundred and fifty-four trout — his morning's work. At Ogden — one of my party requiring a rest — I stopped over a train, and u very pleasant city I found it, after leaving the depot. The streets are broad, well shaded, and watered by brooklets, brought from the mountains, running their length. It is pleasant to remember the city as I saw it that night, as I looked from my window at the Utah House, close upon midnight. The moon shone bright and clear, making deep shadows in the mountains. The city was perfectly quiet — not a sound to be heard except the note of some night bird or the plash of the waterfall at the door. Then the air seemed so healthful and refreshing, after the almost suffocation of the crowded sleeping-car; but they told me afterwards the air was deceitful — that and the tempting water play sad pranks on the confiding stranger. They say you are in danger of your life. Moun- tain fever and various ills are the foes that contest your right to a citizenship there; but that may be a bugaboo kept to frighten off lean purses or undesirable society. My first inquiry in the morning was for thoroughbred poultry. "Yes," said mine host, "Messrs. Fell and Turner, at the depot, have some." So, about noon-time, having an oppor- tunity, I called at the oflice of the former and found him as busy as could be. lie came to the front with that Oh-dear- I-do-wish-you-wouldn't-bother-mc-when-I'm-so-busy look on his face that one so often sees on the face of business men — railroad officials especially — that are at the mercj' of everybody; but when I said "chickens," the kindliest smile came to his eyes. When I said, " Mr. Wade, of the Fanciers' Journal, would like to know what the fanciers of the West were doing and had done," he was ready to show me his pets. He and his friend Mr. Turner are trying to improve the poultry of their neighborhood, but have had much against them in having had poor stock sent them when they paid for the best. By the way, whisper to T not to stop at Ogden on his way West. Those gentlemen are waiting with open arms to receive him, but I do not believe he would care for their welcome. I told them I would not wonder a bit but the birds sent from him wore sent by some one in his employ without his knowledge, for I did not think he meant to .swindle any one nor hurt hit reputation by having such birds represent his stock. I thought if he knew their feelings he would make haste to make all the reparation possible. But they are wrathy, — yes, wrathy indeed, — and three times a day — feeding time — breathe unutterables against the name of T , as would other men that felt they had been sold. Of Mr. Fell's birds, his Brown Leghorns are the best. I have seen many flocks, but none bettor. His Partridge Cochins — the old hens were, to my mind, pretty dark; he has one cockerel that is a good exhibition bird ; but, by his management in mating up his breeding-stock, his young pullets are exceed- 642 PANCIBRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. ingly good — were good in color and very nicely penciled. I think he has reason to he proud of his success. His Light Brahmas (T 's stock) were miserable ; one hen, cost seven dollars, I wouldn't give as many shillings for. Mr. Tur- ner's birds I didn't see as much of. His Golden-spangled Hamhurgs were, with the exception of one hen, poor, both in size and markings — that one was passable. I do not wonder he growls at the man he bought them of. Both gentlemen keep poultry for the love of them. The quality of the stock of the neighborhood seems to be very low, and unhealthy, too ; but they say the owners are improving it by adding fresh blood. Our trip from Ogden was without interest until just as we arrived opposite Humboldt Lake, at Brown's, I believe it was, as the train slackened, our ears were astonished by the screech of poultry, as if some one's roost was being robbed. We afterwards learned that a party had agreed to send, by the train, poultry for a wedding feast the next day, to some station further on, but had forgotten about it until the whistle of the approaching train disturbed his game of draw poker. The train very kindly waited a half hour for him to make up his lot, "seeing it was for a wedding feast." The ride through the mountains is cool, almost cold ; the nights were uncomfortable without a fire, but as we descend into the valley and approach Sacramento, oh ! how warm it is and dusty, all the pleasure of the trip is at an end. And to add to our aggravation, people all fresh and clean come upon us from the way-stations, making us feel twice over each atom of dust that is upon us. How delicious seem the grapes and pears the little boys bring us upon the trains, and how cheap they seem, after the "train boy's" extor- tions, they give us more for a dime than he would for a dollar. As we approach San Francisco it is cooler again, and when we arrive at the bay we are right glad to don our thicker clothing. Yesterday I visited the fair of Sonoma County, at Peta- luma — quite a fair for a county affair. The show of stock (thoroughbred) and fruits is said to be — after the State fair — the best of the State. I went to see the poultry, hearing that, aside from Napa and Sacramento, the best fancy stock was owned in this county and would be shown here. I was disappointed. The Bronze Turkeys were good, — for size would do Vanderveer honor, — but the White Cochins were pea-combed ; some of the Light Brahmas were single combed. Hamburgs were with blinding top-knots, and Buff Cochins with beautiful black hackles. A pair of Brown Leghorns were good, also a pair of Whites. The former wore new arrivals from Pennsylvania. There were a trio of Japanese Bantams, "just imported," and a trio of a bird new to me, marked "just imported, and the only ones in the State, Gold- leaf Persia." Morris Brothers, four miles north of Sonoma, are the largest breeders in this vicinity. I clip a bit from a paper about them. I heard the owner of the Brown Leg- horns remark (Mr. Schwartz of Petaluma), " I am going to get out of this stock of big birds, Brahmas and Cochins, thev ate too much — like Hamburgs and Leghorns better." One more item and then I have done. We were shocked by an earthquake a few evenings since. I was sitting alone in my chienU writing, not a soul, save the little children, within a mile, when we began to shake and tremble. It was not much ; but, as a young lady told me that was in San Francisco at the time, " she had gone to her room to study, but was suddenly taken with a desire to be where some one was." To a house like mine, where the ceiling is of wood and the walls of cloth, there is no danger, only it does stir a body up like. In the schools at San Francisco during this time of the year, when, as the almanacs say, "expect earthquakes," the teachers almost daily waAi the pupils of the danger, not of the earthquakes, but of becoming frightened and of rush- ing out. Hoping some one of my items may be of interest to you, I remain yours truly. Pacific. (For Fanciers' Journal.) WHITE-CRESTED BLACK POLISH. [The following article was written, at our request, by Mr. Andrew Sudgen, who makes a specialty of this breed. He thinks our cuts a little over-drawn, which we admit; they were drawn as models to breed to and not from life. We can fully indorse all Mr. Sudgen has to say about them, and hope they will regain their old-time popularity. — Ed.] At the present time, when fanciers and patrons of poultry are rapidly increasing, and of a higher and more intelligent class than formerly, together with a general uprising interest among the people, as evinced by the increasing popularity of our exhibitions, the grand question arises, which of the many breeds of fowls are the most profitable, or rather the most desirable, with regard to ornament and utility ? for it must be borne in mind that the first is of as great importance as the latter, to a true lover of fowls. While epicures are not slow in discerning which to chew and which to eschew, without making anj' inquiries about them beyond the pleasure of pleasing the palate, and while we expatiate upon the White-crested Black Polish as an- swering both of the above requirements, we will not dero- gate the usefulness of other varieties. The Leghorns have many beauties and admirers. The Brahmas are popular with the good housewife. The Dorkings are a precious viand. The graceful markings and pencilings of the Ham- burgs and Cochins lead us to exclaim with the poet: "Ah ! who can paint like Nature. Can imagination boast, Amidst her gay creations, hues like her's ! And can he mix them with that matchless skill, And lay them on so delicately fine?" But tke four Polish classes of fowls — the White-crested White, the White-crested Black, the Golden, and the Silver- spangled — possess beauties independent of all others, and of these we are inclined to put foremost the White-crested PANCIKRS' JOURNAL AND FOUl.TPtY K X C H A N G E. 643 Black. Those will more rondily attract the attention and admiration of the pedeslrinn. Many instances could W(! addiicf) from our own obsorviitions in (.■orrobnralion of this. Wo will cilo one. On a sunny aay, as we were standing in the orchard, which is boundsd on the western side by a street, the gate of the fowl-house yard was opened to give the birds a change, when out poured the pets joyously. While watching them for a while, amused at their white plumes, or white feathery roscw, tossing in the air as they wore busy picking the herbs or insects, a man entered, of the jdcbian class (although I would expunge that word from the dictionary had I my choice ; soo Acts of the Apostles, chap. 10: 26, 28), and after greeting he informed me how ho had oftcm admired our poultry; that he had never seen the like before, and earnestly inquired if he could purchase some eggs for hatching. Upon being answered in the af- flrmativo, he appeared gratified ; but upon being told the price his face changed to a dift'eront expression, which would have boon a good study for a Rubens or a Reynolds — love, disappointment, wore plainly visible. Presently a ray of relief was seen to play upon his countenance, when he asked if we would sell him half a dozen at some reduction. Being much pleased at his enthusiasm, we conceded his request, and ho went away very satisfied. In about a month follow- ing he returned highly elated to inform us that four of them had batched. The White-crested Black I'olands are said to be natives of Holland, although they are known to be very numerous in Poland, and we are inclined to think they derived their name from that place, as many other birds derive their names from some city or country. Wo cannot give them tho credit of being very hardy, but they thrive well with comfortable, airy coops and a range of high, dry, gravellv soil. They are non-sitters, and continuous layers from mid- winter to September or October of white medium-sized eggs Their weight averages about five pounds. Theirfiesh is tender and juicy, and cannot fail to please tho most fastidious. But while the Black Polish serve their kind master with a liberal amount of food, they are also a continual source of pleasure and uniusomcnt, with their t«meness, freedom, and, above all, with their expressive beauty. In feeding them they gather round us, all confident and conscious that they are to us a family of pets, and will caressingly tly up to our arms and eat from our hands. Their bodies are sleek and compact, resting on neat loadon-liued legs. The plumage trim and glossy black ; but when near to them on a sunny day the black changes to a pearly opaUwcent aspect, in which subdued shades of blue, green, purple, etc., commingle with each other; and to contrast with tho dark plumage of the body and pompous tail, a white rosy plume or crest crowns tho head, bordered with black in front, an if Nature had provided this to prevent tho snowy feathery tuft from being stained while eating. With regard to the value of these birds, we think that justice is not given to the eight or ten per cent, produced of the whole, which might be called tasteful standard fowls; but we presume that as tho minds of the good and intelli- gent thirst for something further and beyond the galleries of art, to seek satisfaction and pleasure in the original living forms and loveliness of nature, this rare and royal bird will be more and more sought for at prices appreciative to the breeder. S. "PETE SMILEY" ON "HEAVY WEIGHTS." Mister Wadk. I hov notised thet ther hes bin konsidible bragin in ther Jernel ov lait abaout big chickins, an es I rekon thet some on yer reeders raountent hev heard ov " Sap Green's grot Pagoder hen," I'll jist tell yer ther storie. " Mister Sap Green" retird frum bu/.znus, an tuck persseshun of bis kountry villa, jist abaout tho time ther " hen feaver" wus et its hite, an he sunc guve overdunce ov hevin thet malig- nunt disordur in ets most ageravatud form. Ho tolaratid no burds in hes yard thot waid less then 10 pouns et G munths, an he aloud no aigs onter tabul thet wur not ov dark mahogine culor (I spose " Pyle" or sombodio hod tole him thet no aig was thurrerbred unless et wur worry dark) an ov ther flavor ov pine shavins. He suplied his own tabul with poltry, an ther sod poltry konsistid ev elongatid drumstix attachid bi guttor-purcher mussles an katgut sin- ners tew pondrus brest-bons. He freekwontly purchist a " krower " fur a figgor thot cood hov bot a good Morgun boss; but then es ther " krower" konsuned es much grane es a Morgun ho.«s, he cood not help bein satisfide with ther bargin. His wife komplaned thet he wus makin ducks an drakes ov his propertie ; but es thet inwolved a hi komplo-' munt tow his ornithologikal tastes, he attemptid no retort. Ho satisfide hisself thet it wood pa in ther cend. His kal- kulashuns ov prophits wus " kloar es mud." He wood hev a thousan hens; their improovd breeds wur warrentid tew la 5 aigs apeas a week, an aigs wus wuth — thet es he wur pttijin — 6 dollurs a duzzon, his thousan hens wood la 20,833 duzzen aigs per anum, which et (i dollurs per duzzcn wood amaount tew ther sum ov 124,998 dollurs. Even deductin tharfrum thor orignul kost of ther hens an ther keap — sa 3(1,000 dollurs — thor werry purty triful ov 88,998 wus thur remandur — klear |irophit. -Vigs — even dark mahogeny aigs — went down trie a s/iillin' a diizen! But we will not anticer- pait. Tew facillertate ther nuiltiplicashun of ther fethered spesios, Mister Green importud French Ekkalsabian, er aig- hatchin machine (rekon he hadn't becrd ov Halstid's er Grave's mashines) thet workd bi stccm, an wus warrentid tew thro orf a thousan ohix a nuinth. Won da an "ainsluint marinur" (spose 'twas ther chap thet wantid tor git intew "Nore's kanoo ") arrivid et ther villa with a smaul ba^kit ^spo30 'twas a box with a handel naild ontew it) on his arum, an inkwired fur ther master ov ther haouse. Sap wus jist then ingaged in importunt bizz- 644 PANOIBRS' JOURNAL AND POULTRY EXCHANGE. BUS — teachin a yung cbickin ter krow — but he left his oku- pashun an receaved ther stranger. " Wanter bi an aig?" axed ther marinur. " Won aige ! Why, where did et kum fruin ?" axed ther hen-fancier. " E. Stingies," replide ther marinur. " Domestick fowl's egg ?" "Domestick." " Let's see et." Ther salor perducid an enormuss aig, wain abaout a poun. Snp leftid et keerfully. " Did yew ever see ther burds that la sich aigs ?" he axed. "Lots on 'em," replide ther salor. "They're bigger'n all aout-doors. They kails 'em ther Gigantick Pagoda hen. I'm afeerd tew tell yer haow big tha be; you won't bleeve me. But jist yew hatch aout thet 'ere, an yew'll see wot'll kum of it." " But tha must eat a gret deel ?" sed Sap. " SUarsly any- thin," replide ther marinur. " Thet's ther buty on 'em; don't eat es much es a Bantam." "Air tha good layers?" " Yew kan't help 'em layin," replide ther seemun, enthu- siasteckaly. " Tha la won aig evry weak-day and 2 Sundies" (wunder ef thet unpious yung breeder keeps a Pagoda hen in his back yard). " But wen do tha set?" kwired Green. " Tha don't set at all. Tha lais ther aigs in damp, hot plasis, an natur dus ther rest. Ther chix take keer of thar- selvs es sune es thar outen ther shell." "Damp, hot plases I sed Sap. "Mi Ekkalabian es ther wery thing, an mi artifica! sheap-skin muther will bring 'em up tew a charm. Mi fren, wot'l yew take fur yer aig?" " Cap'n," sed ther marinur, solomly, "if I war a goin ter sta ashore, I woodn't take a hunderd dollurs fur it; but es I've shipped agin an sale direckly, yew shell hev et fur fortie." The fortie dollurs wus instantlie pade, an ther hen-faneier retird with his prize, his konshunse smitin him fur hevin robed a poor, hard-workin salor. O how he wacht ther aig- hatchin mashine while thet extraordinery aig wus under- goin ther steemin prosess 1 He begregd ther time exaktid bi eatin an sleepin ; but his wigills wur rewardid bi ther apperunce in dew time of a staout yung chick, with ther long laigs thet air a proof ov Easturn blud. Ther burd grew apase; indead amost es rapidlie es Jax's been-stark, er ther profit's gourd. But ther salor wus mistooken in wun thing: et ate vorasiously. Moarover es et inkreased in size an strenth, ther Pagoda eshibitid extrordinary pugnasity. Et kicked a duzen komrods tew deth in wun nite ; et even bit ther hand ov ets feader. Sune et wus nessary tew kon- fine et in a seprit apartmunt — ets hed sune teclied ther sealin. Wat a pity et hed no mate ! Sap wrote tew a korrespondint et Kallkutter tew ship him tew pears of ther Gret Pagoda burds withaout regard tew kost, meenwhile watcht their enormus growth ov his single spesimun. He kept ets exist- unse a prefaound sekret : et wus under lock an kee, in a seprit apartmunt, litid bi a large winder in ther ruff. Sap's man-ov-all-work weeld daly bush'ls ov korn un a barril ov water tew ther door ov ther apartmunt, an Green fed 'em aout wen nobody wus lookin. Even this surplie wus skanty ; but aout ov justise tew his ftimilie. Sap wus kompelled tew put ther monstur burd on allowunce. " Pure thing I" he wood sa wen he saw ther kritter de- vourin broken glass, an even boltin stra nails an gravel- stuns, " et kuts me tew ther sole tew see et redused tew sich extremitie ; but it's eatin me aout ov haouse an hum. De- cididlie thet salor man must hev bin diseaved abaout thar bein modrit feaders." When ther burd hed attaned tew the enormus hite ov 6 feat, ther proud proprietur cent fur ther selebratid Dr. , ov (not Dickie ov Doylestown) Kambrige, tew enspeckt him, an furnish him with a sintifick discripshun, wharwith he mout astonish his bruthers ov ther Poltry Assocashun. Ther doctar kum, and wus keerfuly admittid bi Green tew ther presunce ov ther Great Pagoda hen. Ther burd wus not akkusstomd tew ther site ov strangurs, an begun tew manifest uneesinis an displesure et seain ther man ov sience ; et liftud fust von fut an ther tother, es ef et wur tredin on hot plates. "Hi! hil" sed Green, soothinly. " Pagy, Pagy, kum naow, be quite, will yer? " " Let me aout," cride ther Dr., in gret alarum. Ther huge burd wus polkin up tew him. " Let me aout, I sa." " I never new et tew akt so afore," sed Green, fumblin et ther lock. A whirr, a rush, a wizzin ov ther wings, an ther burd wus daown on ther docter, a tredin on his heals an peokin et ther nap ov his neck. " Pagy, Pagy," suplicatid ther owner ; but ther angrie bird woodn't listin tew reeson, an Sap receaved a rap on ther hed fur his panes ; an naow booth rusht fur ther opnin door, stumblin an fallin prostrit in thar eegarnis tew iscape. Ther monstur burd dansid a minlt on thar prostrit buddies, an then dartid 4th frum ets lait prizen haouse. Et rusht thro a cuple ove grape haousis, carrin destruckshun in ets progriss ; et skoured thro ther flour-beds, ruinin ther brite parterres. Missus Green, who wus walkin ther gardin with her child, sore ther horid ap- perashun, an stoud parelizid with teror. In an instunt she wus thrown daown an trampt under foot, shriekin an klaspin her infunt in her arums. Mister Green beheld this larst atrocity on his konjugul affeckshun overkum his love ov burds. He kaut up his foulin-peace an fird et ther ungretful monster ; ther shot ript up some ov ets tale fethurs, but faled tew inflickt a mortul waound — nuthin short ov a feald-peace cood perduce an impreshun on thet livin mass. Erway sped ther foul tew ther ralerode track, daown wich et rusht with hedlong spead. But ets kareer wus breaf ; an express trane, kumin up in an orposit direckshun, struk et full in frunt an rusht on, skatterin fethers, wings, an drum-stix wildly in ther air. "Tell me, doctur," gaspt Green, "wat dew yew think ov mi Gret Pagoda?" " Gret Pagoda 1" sed ther perfesser in indignunt disdane. " Thet wus a Struthis — Greek Stroihous — in uther wurds an ostrich. Ef yew hadn't belongd tew ther genus Asinus, yew'd hev none thet withaout axin me. Good mornin, Mister Green." " Whar es ther monstur?" kride Missus Green. " I bleve ther poor child is killd. 0 Sap, I didn't expeckt this ov yew!" "Be quite, mi deer," sed Green, " twus only an experimunt. " "An experimunt, Mister Green!" retorted ther ladie, sharplie. " Yewer wife an child neerlie killd, an yew kail et an experimunt I Nurturin ostriches tew devower yewer orfspring ! I wunder yew don't take tew rasin elephunts." " No danger ov thet, Marier," replide her husbund, meak- lie ; " I hev 'seen ther elephunt.' An ter-morrer I shell send mi entier stock tew ther auxion-room — Shanghis, Chit- tergongs, Burnham-Pouters, Cochins, Worhens, an Wor- koos. Tha air nise burds, gret laers, smaul eetera, but tha doan't pa." FANCIKRS' JOURNAL AND POUIjTRY EXCHANGE. 645 Naow, Mister Wade, ther above es a troo storio, fur I red et in " liurnliam's lion Fuvur," an ef any ov yowirr rccilcrs daoubt tbcr cggistiinco ov sich an onormus ciiicktin, toll 'em tew go ter ther " Zoo." I licv liin tiiar an seed 'oin ; an ef yew tliink et wood bo intorostin tew yewor roeders, I'll rite abaout wot I seed at ther " Zoo." Yewr's foolinly, Pktk Smilky. (For Fanciers' .Tounial.) HOW NOT TO DO IT. i)Y Sl'ANOLK. We have occasion frequently to advise our friends how to do this or that. In this paper I will suggest " how not to do it," in certain cases. The hints may prove serviceable. In many cases it will do very well to purchase goods, fur example, " by samples." In more cases, however, this does not answer so advantageously. For instance, the merchant offers his wares by sample that may be purchased easily in that way, because his merchandise is of established qualities of different kinds — as silks, prints, cottons, or woolens. But it is suggested that to select fruit trees from samples of fruit shown in bottles, quite often magnified, or from highly colored engravings, is not likely to be satisfactory, because it is doubtful whether the fruit will succeed on other soil and in a different climate. We have known instances where the itinerant dwarf pear- tree seller has bummed around the country with a bunch of samples of favorite named varieties, and sold hundreds of his "trees at home in the nursery," that turned out any- thing but what the buyer paid for, when they were matured and fruited, two years afterwards. So it is with other things among fanciers. We often meet with wondrously rounded pictures of highly colored pears, apples, peaches, or grapes — on paper — that induce us to try some of tlie lauded fruits from such " samples," which, upon being grown on our own premises, turn out to be another kind of thing altogether I This is how not to do it, we think. Thus, too, we occasionally have " likenesses " of obese Chester, Suffolk, or Berkshire swine, with rotund bodies, small tails, and less snouts, that "astonish the natives " to behold. Prom such " pictures " we buy, and do not always find the real thing (if it exists at all) in the boxes sent us, after paying the big bill for the illusion. This is not the way to do it. Sometimes, too, so it is with poultry. We see a great many nice " illustrations " of birds that will figure quite a hundred points (on paper), and we know of more than one amateur who buys his trio, expecting to get the counterparts of the nicely-drawn " samples " he sees in the ambitious chap's circular. But, in my opinion, this is how not to do it. A great many — lot us frankly admit, the majority — of our advanced breeders mean well in this plan ; and they have good stock on hand, which may in a degree resemble these well-known pictures of fancy cattle, sheep, fruits, swine, or chickens, .so frequently nowadays issuing from noted estab- lishments. But after not a little experience in all these dif- ferent things, I am induced to believe this general mode of buying stock is exactly " how not to do it." I must tell you, just here, that I intend these strictures for no one man in particular. Yet, though I do not know what the oxpcrionco of others may have taught them in this regard, I have made up my mind that this is " the way not to do it," and I shall hereafter learn who I deal with and pay money to " on trust " (after seeing his portraits of pedi- greed Btock, etc.), before I invest in tho pictures of these myllis Every man can do as he pleases — but thi.s is just what's the matter with your humble servant, Mr. Editor I I have not been very badly sold in this way, still, 1 have learned a lesson in the last year, through this channel, und /^ shall profit by it. (For Fanciers' .Journal.) A GOOD, CHEAP BANTAM HOUSE. 0 0 0 Nf-STS. 0 0= WAIKR. 1 1 ROOSTS. 1 1 1 1 1 1 B 1 It. j F!;i:i Editor Fancieus' .Iouhn-al. DrarSir: I raise Sebright Bantams successfully. Above I hand you a rough draft of elevation and ground-plan of a house 18 by 10 feet, which your correspondent, "Curon," will find ample in dimen. Newark, which is about 6 rnihi* ; then Newark, which is 10 miles; then Hahwiiy, l^milex; then New Brunswick, 31 miles; then Monmouth Junction, 41 miles; then Bristol, r,~ miles; Bristol once more, and then Philadelphia, 00 miles — all those last voyages they were set free all together. I used this careful way of training be- cause my birds were imported ones, and had only been Hying out of my loft since spring; but if they had been birds who had been flying from Philudel|ibia or from other distances the year before, I would have given them only the half of the exercises. On short voyages birds ma}' be trained three times a week, but on voyages of 40 to 50 miles only twice a week, and from distances of 100 miles or more only once a week. A bird staying away over night, and consequently very tired, should have a rest of at least five days. I should also remark to the new fanciers of flying pigeons, that no matter how good the breed of their birds may bo, that they will always lose some of them while training, and particularly young birds; therefore, if they intend to fly them a distance of 100 miles, they should at least commence with ten birds, and if they get from this distance the half of this number back, they may feel satisfied. The year after they will probably not lose one of these birds from the same distance, but it is only the third summer that a bird may bo relied on to do great distances. It is at this age that birds commence to fly distances of 400 to 600 miles in Belgium. Yours truly, John Van Opstal. INaUIRY. Mr. Jos. M. Wadk. Dear Sir : I have a number of pigeons which do not answer to any breed of which 1 have seen a description. They have a cap or hood ; they are about the size of a com- mon Runt; the tail, flights, belly, and thigh are white or dun ; the rest of the pigeon is red ; they are gravel-eyed, and have a very small white warting on the bill. I have some solid colors, as black and white, but this is a descrip- tion of the general run of them. Can you or some of the readers of your Jounml tell me if they have a name, and if so, what it is? And oblige an Amateur Fancier. [If the above pigeons are booted, they are what is known as Duchess ; if clean legged, they must be Runts crossed with some capped pigeon. — Ed.] A DOCTOR went out West to practice his profession. An old friend met him on the street one day, and asked him how lo was succeeding in his business. "First rate," ho replied, " I've had