ei ue itn uS rat sites iHesiet estore Stiteen case tar ectety Bits Bere Tetinne i ath sete i Haire cea ah ae FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING By JOHN HENRY GILES COPYRIGHT, 1922, By JOHN HENRY GILES ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PRINTED BY SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS Oo HE AUTHOR OF THIS COURSE has writ- ten from actual knowledge. He was gj) reared on a stock farm and has had J}experience in raising every kind of crop, stock and poultry. He has taught in the public schools, in leading academies, taught in and manag- ed prominent business colleges, and has been bookkeeper and auditor for commer- cial institutions. He knows the problems of the Man behind the Plow, and has the special training to write a system of Business Education that will meet his needs. APk 1) t 132 @uaest39o7 | INTRODUCTION | of a system of plain, practical Farm-Ranch Bookkeeping is well THE NEED : : : d ; ; known. Farming-Ranching is the most important industry in America, but lack of system and business method have lost the Farmer-Ranch- man millions of dollars every year. FREI —Merchants, Bankers, etc., keep exact records on OTHER BUSINESS MEN ; : 5 all their transactions and know just where they are making or losing money. They know just what each article has cost them and what they can afford to sell it for. When they are losing on any article, they will either change the loss into a profit, or give up the article entirely, for a small leak will sink the largest ship. FE however, know the cost of raising each kind of VERY FEW FARMERS, crop and stock. If they have gained or lost on anything, they often do not know how much or why. FAKE of this course in Farm-Ranch Bookkeeping is to give the THE.PURPOSE : country man a knowledge of business methods and system that will enable him to make a science of his work that will be a pleasure, and to make it a business that will yield a certain gain. HRI EI have been given this work by leading Farmers, 2 ESD Can Ds Ranchmen, Merchants and Bankers. One prom- inent man says that if the farmers and ranchmen will take this course and use such knowledge in their business, they will be able to pay off the National Debt in ten years. HH that young men who take this training will be more likely to ALL AGREE : ae remain on the soil, and to make useful, successful citizens, doing much to build up their own communities. i ——_ —— t Seeeee iM { & « i ees \ iv » ' ' i<«; ’ ' eo ou f j 1 yi * pyr di, y! ¢ * ii ats | i | ie 'f =i ' ’ ¥ 0p Tie CS OP eee ae : At ve 3 kona re f4 ws Lai ot a ae ae <=) Set @ Plea % a : ‘ou gh? 2, WE ae. Ai ang dl = ; x, Neem Sy tical ad's a 30 Oe aye : an) pm @: Guaté (sd ete => Ue et stud Ae ae mee iad hie i aoe ee - — ade ae Sry HE e, eat ; doi! 3 © heel a rE - = ie wh + 7 pee alg ge oot) FS oe Ai cra ren? é Tr we ¢ \ ons OE M24 ~ oer acnll A ; Wit Veee@ as 7 x - eS & + &re aan] TF vs @'h Oy ae oy. — iP Gr ec SCR Psu ni te Atay ‘aw ae, nipped! Files » (ene pak soir me = - _ (haw ok ie ee a 3H ut Cee ara # a«etaet ti wots aa A pam Oe lew Seal ney ayer € mall wl Syamebernchl Ae ws: wat aie mk a4 thee a’ im ore ai aif » dit i nw oe wh, Th 9° ro, =o wu {itt - Se iv) ‘ ae ine FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 3 Farm-Ranch Bookkeeping. KKK First Principles of Bookkeeping (1) Farm-Ranch Bookkeeping is the keeping of plain and correct records of everything done on the farm or ranch. (2) An Entry is writing down a record of any transaction or work that has been done. (3) An Account is a complete record on any person, crop, stock or thing. For instance you have an account with a certain person, or with a store, or with cotton or cows. (4) Every act or transaction, in business, has two sides. These are the debit (or ‘“charge’’) side and the credit side. The debits are always in the left hand column headed “Dr.” The credits are always in the right hand column headed “Cr.’’ These two sides must always be equal. (5) The Key to Bockkeeping is learning when to charge and when to credit an account. (6) Any account is charged for any goods or thing of value on hand or received, or when it suffers a loss. (7) Any account is credited whenever it gives value, or when it shows a gain. (8) The Journal is a blank book where entries are first made. This journal has two columns; the one on the left for the debits, and the one on the right for the credits. (9) The Ledger is the book where the complete record of each account is kept. In actual business, all entries from the journal are each day trans- ferred to the proper account in the ledger, and to the same column (debit or credit) in which they were found in the journal. (10). A Trial Balance is the writing of all accounts in the ledger on a separate sheet of paper, in regular order, with all debits and credits of each account placed opposite that account in the proper column. As we have al- ready learned (See No. 4), the total of debits and credits in any transaction must be the same amount, we will find that the total of the debit and credit columns in the Trial Balance will be the same, if the work has been correct. (11) A Balance Sheet is a trial balance which also shows the loss and gain on every account. (See page 29). FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 4 (12) A Net Loss occurs when the total of the losses on the balance sheet is greater than the total of gains on the balance sheet. (13) A Net Gain occurs when the total of the gains on the balance sheet is greater than the total of the losses on the balance sheet. (14) A Bill is a record of a single transaction of goods purchased, usually made on a “bill head”, with the name and address of the firm printed thereon. (15) A Statement is a total record of bills purchased in a given time, and is usually sent the customer at the end of each month. (16) An Invoice is a paper showing the sending of goods, with their prices, etc. (17) A Note is a written promise to pay a certain amount at a certain time. It may or may not bear interest. It is usually payable in a certain place. (18) A Draft is an order on a second party to pay a third party a certain amount at a certain time. For instance A owes B, and C owes A, each amount being $50.00. A orders C to pay B, and when C does so, both debts are paid thereby. A Sight Draft is a draft that orders one to pay at once. A Time Draft orders one to pay at a certain later time. (19) A Contract is an agreement between two or more parties to do or not to do a certain thing. (20) All contracts which run for more than one year, or which are for the sale of land, must be in writing. It is best to have all contracts in writing, to avoid misunderstandings, etc. (21) Every contract must have at least four principles, as follows: (22) a. Proper Parties only, can make contracts. Children, idiots, lu- natics, etc., cannot make a contract, unless it is something necessary for their welfare, and where there is no proper guardian to secure it. b. There must be value given and received by each party. c. Contracts must not violate law. No contract to violate the law or against the welfare of the public is binding. d. Contract must agree with itself. That is, one part must not promise a certain thing, and another part forbid that thing. (23) Every contract should be written in the plainest and simplest words. It should be addressed and dated. It should be carefully read before being signed. It should be signed by the proper parties. It is well to have it wit- nessed. (24) Notes Payable are the notes you will have to pay. (25) Notes Receivable are notes some other person will have to pay to you. = a 2 7 toy ~ a y Wa) ee eee a iy Ee rw y 7 = ., Ley a ; ‘hut Te Se ae hoo a ~ ee a SSE tay, = er ck Math Om email ons Soper aaa : trate padelat wht. Ay woarlntt ahh eh acini WH Brad oF edie i jue nthe a! (rip Rotpeaind 2 ids ie ee g eh ON Tee wiveadacrind oyna 4 Ub Geet ry om bogies ae aero, ox odin rae ele age et a covemrriig) OG “ty Gree? tarot i Wee Hour, pe, tye ews Fs ~eerniadd = hia E4 ore. aterog In gnlfeete et) yertirgee ah S| 7 esr--ey BOW 2 lon et (wh wi » teh 9 alll ; iggvns itt ‘pet e_ pels waa » cone «tdi dhe Fantom cape 3" ae tiie ©. aw leone eR oe h wine ta! Ge Sy hG yaad ee v oe " srpah, drole cae, Yaeiw. ire iy, aces ey. & coe 1 bo € ee Bell el flak oe of Meee babel: & ' a wu) seta nhiares «Ga uke aRiD ves ‘ =4¢ (78 © 4% iret 4 pea) ‘sa «phen aire wy a p* Wh ap 4 * i. at Sete Corman rite. %y aotg?t ap qa a oe * cect olitel Syke wdal ae we eh ler libeeyy hima Sy ee ee esp inl Per _ ia. ¥ > Gs os Sn, gale aigett 48 al lek gawthene’y ule alma, rig « * pire et 4) Vie seslly 46H p : e : “ i’ scan aed eee bury pat tig aris oo Smita” ymh aaa oP aM Arey , Pee ea alia Te Paiste Pet) hr is ver? ee apetyg P : at st 7) eo) : eet : aes aietyty a ~ : cy “7 42 4Gey roca oS. gpd? - (a Lancent: aval aa? ienptte 16 ott i A S| a ae 7 it PY @ +2 hs ae ee 4 a! ee ee Bihatarsc4 a / (He Ay a = a FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 5 Lesson No. 1. (26) INSTRUCTIONS. This lesson is a quiz on the Principles of Book- keeping, as given on pages | and 2. It is very important that this lesson, and the next one, be well learned. Study the questions very carefully and when you know the answers write them from memory, and send in to you teacher. Your answers will be checked and graded, and if necessary, corrected, before being returned to you. Ques. 1. What is Farm-Ranch Bookkeeping? Ques. 2. Define Entry. Ques. 3. Define Account. Ques. 4. How many sides to every transaction? Ques. 5. Give the names of these sides and tell where they are. Ques. 6. What is the Key to Bookkeeping? Ques. 7. -When do you charge an account? Ques. 8. When do you credit an account? Ques. 9. What is the Journal and what is it used for? Ques. 10. Describe the Ledger. Ques. 11. Describe the trial balance. Ques. 12. What is a balance sheet? Ques. 13. When does a net loss occur? Ques. 14. When do you have a net gain? (27) Learn to be regular and prompt in your lessons. Mail these an- swers to your teacher just as soon as you know them. It will be the aim of your teacher to always have you supplied with one extra lesson, so that when you have sent in one lesson for approval, you can promptly begin work on the next one. You will therefore start on lesson 2 just as soon as you have mailed lesson 1. FRR HH Lesson No. 2. (28) Ques. 1. What is a bill? Ques. 2. What is a statement? Ques. 3. What is an invoice? Ques. 4.. What is a note? Ques. 5. Do all notes bear interest? Ques. 6. Do notes mention the place in which they are to be paid? Ques. 7. What is a draft? Ques. 8. How many kinds of drafts and what are they? Ques. 9. What is a contract? Ques. 10. Which con- tracts must be in writing? Ques. 11. Should all contracts be in writing and why? Ques. 12. How many principles in a contract? Ques. 13. Give each of these principles; (a), (b), (c) and (d). Ques. 14. State some things one should be careful about in making a contract. (See No. 23). Ques. 15. What are notes payable? Ques. 16. What are notes receivable? IMPORTANT. Mail these answers as soon as you know them. Then re- view Lesson 1. If you remember Lesson 1 perfectly, you are ready to Commence your Bookkeeping. (29) Take up next lesson and begin work as instructed. : ‘ ; 7 pathy ol ake Clue fa. GRRE « VE? ems 315) 4 See '% ‘, eae oe ‘ : b apt a | 7 if 7 . os Ay aA ¥ ee, deh ry sadigged EAs > {ire i ey alas Wee Ae oud, toon arn “4 j j ‘2 it eh Syne (Tae a! The wit emsteg 3 “ec ee . i Pio \alet—“ne)) aap Tete eo cath Gpaitenicoul? dobhvAcive® 9 Paes i - Aint A, sees 34 coie ie «atl anode’ Ue DA ane - ee 6 tlt uth ctl Sh eaiduess eae renee - y ‘a e408 we 7 sare +i) ven MA o ‘Sant a = Juish wok, @ es aps - - ul : 4 Api ‘eedue on rer" a wit? “ah “I Stila us, * a4 avy te Roi, “hae ' , Thy =e wiry, Dare div : hy Sart pie a ay *e awtwT Maa t : : ' % VP ulie, a) . t ; - , 7 ’ ‘ ) jes 4 7 ih i ; j t 3 . a Th, | tap? om 4 ie hype lagen’ (me aT ~Aaneeog § 7 : i - is MiP Jon ldmhinte 2 ee ty mbit y : LAW ror Bye baat vs volta as wi : eg e © awn) 2 Jue 08 ek , bids . _ onal aT DF. tf 2 el Me 2A Uf), Pie. wat = : ita ( a oyesenh wate hey . aye Ccimiime |!) aia’ won. Hie way 7 nl ; , i" t 7 ws thes lina vee = 9 bik Tey, eo - “8 ie aver bow @iier 9) erbex g a ¥ a 7 n pie Uw’) escat Jag s\6 FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 7 Lesson No. 3, continued. (34) Go through the journal, numbering the pages 1, 2,3 etc. Then begin on page 1. You have learned (See No. 6), that an account is charged for any- thing of value on hand. You will therefore charge the following accounts for the proper amounts, getting amount from inventory. (See Model Journal below). (35) Real Estate, $:...... ; Buildings and Fixtures, $........ ; Wagons and Druckss p= ; Farm Machinery, $........ ; Mules, $........ > Horses: -----— ; Jersey Cows hlogstr ome ; Chickens, $........ UGK eY Sy pues Gane. Gen 8 Corin ge Oatsip see SOW ANGE Seen (36) The Gordon Farm should be credited with all of above (See No. 7). Find the total of the above entries, which have been made in the debit column, and credit the J. F. Gordon Farm for the entire amount. (See Model Journal below). page 1 MODEL JOURNAL 1917 Dr. Cr. Nove i) sRealvEstates inventory. $50,000. Buildings and Fixtures, inv... --..._- 8,300. Wagons and Trucks pad Mee Sine oe Nee 2,000. Farm Machinery 1 soe Sear Coe 1,500. Mules hie ik ee Reena Se = 3,000. Horses cess et Marae Sco 400. Jersey Cows Be Nin 25. ect ah 600. Hogs ieee he Aeenae Baten Ds 400. Chickens Dh as ilemes seh a 2 US Turkeys eh SARE Oe Rory 100. Cane LY dx Pea eked 500. Corn peracid met ew 8 640. Oats Re ee Se 300. Wheat LE reste Soe 100. lihes bes Gordonwlkanmstotalees oe ese tes ose 67,915 hf 4) ht DOSS RAG 7 Detiines © a Abeoee : Hetoun daowed Slt Qi Ge) hes Oe bf gh wall Rear to) svgtl wee “>: ee ie a ain wwil Peitt? [TO eet bet i hat Deke i Vy ae ‘a iiseadl ‘oats wo Ss sci “uy “car + o : : oad o> FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 8 Lesson No. 3, continued. Nov. 1, 1917. (38) WRITE OUT A LEASE CONTRACT with F. M. Hood as follows: Gordon leases Hood 100 acres of land for one year, all to be planted in cotton. Gordon is to furnish seed, teams, feed for same, all necessary farming tools, etc. Hood is to plant and cultivate crop under direction of Gordon, doing all of the work in same, including picking of cotton. Gordon is to pay ginning. Cotton, including seed, is to be sold by Gordon, for the highest market price, as soon as ginned, proceeds of the same to remain in his hands until final set- tlement with Hood at end of year. Gordon is to advance Hood $60.00 per month for living expenses, which is to be charged against Hood and taken from his share of the crop at the end of the year. Writing of this contract will give you reason to study the principles of contracts (See No. 21, 22, 23). You will also find copy of this contract in this lesson. Study this contract carefully and then copy it word for word. The fact is, you must make two copies, one for Gordon and one for Hood. (39) Make the same kind of a contract (two copies) with C. L. Meyer, for a lease on 75 acres of cotton Jand. You should be able to write this contract with Meyer from memory. (40) Write a contract with John Schmidt for one year, employing him as a farm laborer. His salary shall be $75. per month, with board. How many copies of this contract should you write, and why? (See model in this lesson). (41) Write the same kind of a contract as the one above with Felix Han- sen, for one year. How many copies? (42) Borrowed from Farmers and Stockmens Bank, for running expenses, $2,500. for six months at 8%. Write out a note and sign it (see model in this lesson). Take this note to your bank and get credit for proceeds on passbook. (43) IMPORTANT. At the time a bank lends you money, it takes out the interest for the full time of the loan in advance. Now the interest on $2,500. at 8% for six months is $100. The bank would keep this $100., paying you only $2,400. This is called the proceeds of the note, and as you do not need it all at once, you deposit it in the bank. (44) MONEY IN THE BANK is just the same as cash on hand, so we will not open any account with the bank, but the Cash Account in the ledger will always show how much money you have in the bank. This will agree with the balance in your pass book. (45) Make the following entries in your Journal, of this transaction: Credit Notes Payable for the full amount of the note, $2,500. (See No. 24). Charge Interest and Discount for $100. Charge Cash for $2,400. (See Model Journal in this lesson). Do you see how nicely these charges balance with the credit? {TL RR OS OL AS, 2 er cena ie ceili i AA VEESOOMS ut hat | ak of at woke. vada te SB lide Vast) Shel ATS eee ate Lars irik wet lie peek bee WP Ye Ree IA a ars awry fae) goon YAN id Are 4 ee ee jkiroy' oh ot OWNS : liso Aan “Wahu Y citi) Wag ain. o4 aa opt Pers 1 (EU eee eA) oh hp ghdhuied sfiaa aoe ae Te coy od TUS peo Fel ith af Ue ett (iiteen sania aeees oleae Heed Wis! 6 ee. ah win het er 409 heiovy Sahl cw nee or RAATY 0 up dae vad =@- fy ben Wl boeeh oie inaarell ined Weta) Deel dn ao (pep cert) cll or 0) dude aetna eal Se teas ae Se QTR. fee gag Ow Rene All ina eas arn yaa take give aT ba wighin ber of) SIO 00 ip eee a ’ : a 5 Ta, low siNe Ay +e ne pat VEST ive Wri," per ce anit ; aw hi r) * ek hl) thie aa ' bane itt yun viet Site, A Pe ; ' , Matt Veg) amet hooey ed dee D> done Teilpas Gere peas? sto hatl aytiet aswel, ees teaiend: ehte-antear OP aie yb biggl® ne Bor ei anelay Ti! gory Sheesh | PTS da OMI, 10 Oe rz eh aatrl,ee aay ere RT ble wohl Ale hab oy we) ~ - 4a * he o +i wie) ainbt sBvsh ee atehalh Seu Ree ak Mate eure pe. Clases ae ave deny Jul not ay at : "erat ai) blu: sin’ 2h “Kea erat Yo axing yee GO “UN lap eod. ser a ee ie 1 1S Ose eat wiht Fee Tip : : : Joe, Oran ett nee Sen ~t (as JV’ Ane @ranis un 1¥ } wrest ¢ a iis nie AT ae. es! vee > pit Fa <5 , i a] “4 AOI eit? seek Avnned it att 1 TA VR ea fi sit aft loin abt ir ADE secert ae ‘ i, Baker cy wh ee ia ee ; wel ot) Oe att? ney qin woe a lta oalaeh coe acne Tene utah OA OP oe ea ee) f ‘ oT ee Mie 1G ‘| ovett bus Per prciigcean wane xautls ; ved erty “Hott Ot ghee i * Tice Bo. eajeMva, nt aabeds make nda caf) bo faudire dal ae ohare fh tgelahy (ree Ai? ete perdi Bae terol eyes WG AE UO, AG pal esg a aichd nd team “ _ FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 9 1917 Model Journal Dr. Cr. Nov. 1| Real Estate, inventory 50,000. Buildings and Fixtures, inventory 8,300. Wagons and Trucks, inventory 2,000. Farm Machinery, inventory 1,500. Mules, 20 head, inventory 3,000. Horses, 2 head, inventory 400. Jersey Cows, 8 head, inventory 600. Hogs, 40 head, inventory 400. Chickens, 150, inventory Use Turkeys, 50, inventory 100. Cane, 50 tons baled, inventory 500. Corn, 800 bu., inventory 640. | Oats, 500 bu., inventory 300. | Wheat, 50 bu., inventory 100. Nov. 30 J. F. Gordon Farm, total value 67,915. Nov. 30, Notes Payable, 6 mo. note at Farmers and Stockmens Bank | 2,500. Interest and Discount on above 100. Cash, proceeds of above note | 2,400 Nov. 30, Cash, by sunds. 470. F. M. Hood, personal, cash on contract | 60. CL: Meyer, personal, do | 60. Expense, salaries of Schmidt, Hansen, Gordon. and board for Schmidt and Hansen | 350. Nov. 30) Farm Machinery, | grain drill 165. Cash, by above 165. Nov. 30; Cash, to sunds. | 81.30 Chickens, eggs sold during month 16.30 Jersey Cows, milk sold during month 65. Nov. 30) Expense, by sunds. | 439. _ Wheat, breaking 30 acres 90. | Wheat, 40 bu. seed @ $2. 80. | Corn, breaking 85 acres @ §2. 170. | Hood Lease, breaking 30 acres @ 1.50 45. | Meyer Lease, breaking 20 acres @ 1.50 30. | Chickens, grain fed them, etc. | 4. | Turkeys, grain fed them 3. | Hogs, grain fed them | 12. | Jersey Cows, cane, etc Ei. Nov. 30) Expense, to sunds. eamit540: | Corn, to be used for feed, etc. 640. _ Cane, to be used for feed, etc. 500. Oats, to be used for feed, etc. 300. Wheat, to be used for feed, etc. 100. Nov. 30 J. F. Gordon, personal used for family 50.50 Chickens, eggs used : Turkeys, 2 eaten 7.50 Jersey Cows, milk and butter 12: Hogs, 1 hog, 225 lbs. @ 12c 27. 73,160.89 | 73,160.80 - Liv Sie At Pa a ee AR ee ee ees ee ea eae a nc renee wae . “Auriove bes fu uy wren bhok S aeaereie Oy wo heon) Basel @ Ora, wedi] Ls bs : iwhivernt Read Ao anh *: S,orgo nl OFF Sreweue i = “opwostn? Saye As TS eh “Ae j Pi _ ri | “if Lite ae A a . ‘ pel i ut Ws grad '® elt: 4 ‘ i VE gia > yin fea? uA pte deere. ti no) wne hs teal! Leo stent 7 2 rer oy 3 s 18 ube é-tivee im ifsse fendeg sao VAY A T shi e Aq) J A \ iva rudlak sepsis i bin t= Ut Wild bias be Oni ita ae uv j J Sa). Ne RT oA igs 143 jtho i fast Pat yt ‘ th q cy! ft Ve viLS a yt ty ben Yeas Care luli 1d aemarl Pm Or; Pee r. wh (dees? ie - 7 -, ca Gb sant Zo de rin Wr’ ne. At * View! Maro 0 “te : we vb ant a Loe ! a | | Tye Weer, area, mcs Loh tei ayed@et steal) thot naire algae > ihe POD Ve Snee af sags i Got) > J 111 view Oi! @) ee a i tae, (oo De Os re c a (om) th oT one 18 - “os - eS ee) SREY 5 ee FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 10 Lesson No. 3, continued. Nov. 1, 1917. (46) The FARM has 600 acres in cultivation and 400 acres in pasture land. The following acreage will be given different crops for year: Cotton, (including the 100 acres in Hood Lease, and 75 acres in Meyer Lease) 350 acres; Oats, 70 acres; Wheat, 30 acres; Produce, 9 acres; Peanuts, 12 acres: Feterita, 4 acres; Cane (sorghum, seed etc.), 25 acres; Corn, 100 acres. Nov. 30, 1917. (47) Pay out cash as follows: Hood and Meyer, $60. each, according to contract with them (No. 38, 39) ; Schmidt and Hansen, $75. each, according to contract (No. 40, 41); Gordon, his month’s salary of $150. (No. 30). Also pay board of Schmidt and Hansen for one month (No. 40, 41), $50. (48) Make above entries on Journal. (See Model Journal). Cash will be credited for the entire amount, because it gives value. (No. 7). Hood and Meyer will each be charged with $60. Expense will be charged with the total amount paid Schmidt, Hansen, and Gordon, and with the board of hired men. (49) Bought one grain drill for cash, amount $165. Charge Farm Ma- chinery for this amount and credit cash. (No. 6, 7). (50) Total amount of cash received during month: From eggs (credit chickens), $16.30; from Milk (credit Jersey Cows), $65.00. Charge cash with entire amount. (51) As about all Cane, Corn, Oats and Wheat on hand will be fed to stock and poultry, it will be best to make the following entries NOW: Credit Cane with $500.;Corn $640.; Oats, $300.; Wheat, $100. Charge Expense with total of above, $1,540. (52) Charge Wheat with breaking and seeding 30 acres @ $3. per acre, total, $90.; charge Wheat with 40 bu. seed @ $2. per bu., total $80.; charge corn with breaking 85 acres @ $2. per acre, total, $170.; charge Hood Lease with teams, feed and tools for breaking 30 acres land @ $1.50 per acre, total, $45.; charge Meyer Lease with teams, feed and tools for breaking 20 acres land, @ $1.50 per acre, total, $30.; Charge Chickens with $4. grain fed them; charge Turkeys $3. grain; charge Hogs $12. grain; charge Jersey Cows $5. feed. Credit Expense with the total of above. (53) IMPORTANT. Accounts are to be kept with Hood Lease and with Meyer Lease charging each with all expenses connected therewith. This is to find the value of the “Tenant” or “Renter’’ system, and has nothing to do with Hood or Meyer personally. n ORE Aa i io oe At wm de ownt Ad a tiie “4 és whet. hs adh eo Sed AOE SAT ky SS. : wihs LPS hotly, wih (AY sueerat Seraagy VTE yesh® Bt Beete. PONE (AAA) CoaTt Gh Bese u 44 aeuhiye 1) aU eee a ye Oe Te, ee Oi tie ee we ). hea Sera & +) ONS {Gc hgh Wipe ent rere ST diene : avy). Caw Yell waital Hace ten aon (tae Ww ATA heeok Loghaet’« ¢ Ay ue ona iit atilw janine reed ot SB Yeo wy pttow! abtapaatey Web re yat> cf Ae ue A 7 Tk an ‘> Aili youd fo) meet! dbnw redid em A: a) ‘Teareot wy my] Amiens sre NIST wHe- G4“ a PY! etiget Py eo eyo” Sey we Sti lovaras es) thw iene 3 ecw it y i foe Te 4 1A by 1 dry Ona ptob ee? hive \qeoheh’ Ghatte le ieee ' ayia i? rie WARD To q Wert alo aA | 7 7 8 ¥ rag VE dre bad Hinbits eh Mau | o ett 3) te ao lind' Rey ath AS Se BGP Seay “arte pe" 5 ij ari mo; euis Prin f dup Shae nav aé ire or mie Cig ae What wrmld A >a tay vr! _ Jie? 4 it or tint heal OOP UDEOY Ls eu Ha 41.2 ; is & file) eget al fagih Se ada SK WT He wal), fool ling feslt He ae far Sei) ¥ pede 7 opie Maa te Ceety ‘i it MA aie ary 1 blo eA | at i ea’ ee ‘hi ta s. OP Peed’ DE) lip {at a eota ai ee ade & col ficocglere read Ve 1 ris ain 2 ¥ Pug. . Oy oP» Sivaal do Golt ot AtOw) aie Aye NS z Th airs Wid } : : 0 Les Ba licks 4 i> wad ek | Adu itis ao wipes jrahitis ot) lipo agg ive APE > @ Ties SVE Soeetis) hea fowl (ni oe ueeIgad of ae ay | Jie Gets » Ne bd gl a ile Toro Rey Ga eC OE Teen t y ‘ é ip? | (ana (4 View @s. abba fey 419 ecvedpu talker Soe sgh aa ivr sO) Gms +g we ail hang dic, (") oid Foe hee > oe “i 70 Piet tras. ew Wf tse hie Vai borer lin, rat Li [— s Peaah | rarer? it) a jj eee) Fiat, bid yg) bee ioe) Vi Raans 2h PPA ie Meee iJ ved DAT AGO) Wy Saeeae fF Lib ep th we as (acer ei) hoveab Weeder Gia al y eet h s ho nut Been sua oe ‘Agi a t* alt Ae eeged eels 7 a j ; ’ ’ ore pan oe OF] i Tyg aug be im » of * regi i wo oho weg et. cxigiad CO byeaneel hedote wepuee Ons “Aiphese Rae Bthalg LAAT. HOSE dae 1g BRE b t - Mi PET A, y rag -) AL bi Aeol ba he pek eret ee 4 vin gy ‘ b a ae ae — ae hudyie , =£ : yf ary sae F FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 13 Lesson No. 3, continued (60) FORM OF NOTE $2,500.00 Konigsbun ges ee , Nov. 1, 1917. Six months after date, without grace, I, we or either of us, promise to pay to the order of the FARMERS AND STOCKMENS STATE BANK, of Kingsburg, at their office in Kingsburg, .__. Twenty-five Hundred and no/100-....... Dollars, for value received, with interest at 8% per annum until paid, and ten per cent additional on amount of principal and interest unpaid, as attorney's fees, if placed in the hands of an attorney for collection, or in the event judicial pro- ceedings are instituted to enforce the collection thereof. The makers and endorsers hereof severally waive protest, and consent that the time of payment may be extended without notice. Due May 1, 1918. (Signed) J. F. Gordon FFI IIIHK (61) CONTRACT FOR FARM LABOR JUNE ONC rc pe NOs) 16. 19172 THIS CONTRACT entered into this day between J. F. Gordon, proprietor of the J. F. Gordon Farm, located 5 miles south of the town of Kingsburg, Staite Operas eeecew eae , and John Schmidt, of the town of Kingsburg, State of PRs: pee omen , as follows: Said Gordon employs said Schmidt to work on above farm for a period of one year, beginning with current date, for which services Gordon agrees to pay Schmidt the sum of Seventy-five Dollars ($75.00) per month, payable on the last day of each month during the contract. Said Schmidt, in return for the above compensation, agrees to work faith- fully and cheerfully, as a farm laborer on the above farm, carefully obeying the instructions of said Gordon, and striving to further his interests, during the life of the contract. Signed in duplicate in the town of Kingsburg, County of Mason, State of Fase S NL eee , this Ist day of Nov., 1917. (Signed) J. F. Gordon. (Signed) John Schmidt. Witness: R. M. King. wit Fo Sh eee = a eae ee se im a it A ee LALA TTC | By a ; a ATV 4Cy BO, Y ie inl rein tal ‘thatvont, til aR : 7 B y ’ ida nbyes? Wied 1 geese ‘a pion sass ' FO: apoiy Fag iy quiet an ean be a p ee oe FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 14 Lesson No. 3, continued. (62) TAKING A TRIAL BALANCE. When you have posted all entries for November according to instructions, run through the ledger and place at the bottom of the debit column of each account the total of that column, in small pencil figures. Do the same with the credit columns. Write the names of the accounts in the ledger, in regular order, on the first page of your trial balance book. Opposite each account write in the debit column of the trial balance book the total amount penciled in that column in the Ledger. In like manner enter amounts found in credit column of Ledger, on credit side cf Trial Balance. (Model below). Add the figures in the debit column of the trial balance, and you will find they make the same total as that of the credit column of the trial balance, if your work has been correct. RULE UP this Trial Balance according to Model below. Trial Balance Nov. 30, 1917. (In Lesson 3). J. F. Gordon Farm | | 67,915. Real Estate | 50,000. Buildings and Fixtures 8,300. Wagons and Trucks | 2,000. Farm Machinery | 1,665. Mules | 3,000. Horses 400. Jersey Cows 605. Tike Hogs 412. PH Chickens 79. 20.30 Notes Payable 2,500. Corn | 170. | Wheat | 270. | 100. Interest and Discount 100. F. M. Hood, Tenant 60. C. L. Meyer, Tenant | 60. Hood Lease 45. Meyer Lease | 30. Turkeys | 103. 7.50 Expense | 1,890. 439. Cash | 1,846.30 | J. F. Gordon, personal | 50.50 71,085.80 71,085.80 MAKE YOUR REPORT on Lesson 3, as follows: Send your teacher your Ledger, Journal and Trial Balance Book. - Also send in copy of following: Lease with F. M. Hood; Lease with C. L. Meyer; Contract with John Schmidt; Contract with Felix Hansen; Note to Farmers and Stockmens Bank. Be sure to check this report carefully and see that you have left nothing out. Mail promptly and begin on next lesson. nob oo pl nee nee Ate a e airtetS 7G wot Ty it TA xt 1} it? Le (tat tne Peis Wee fr pti Aeld riche Lae Lae ay pmb’! 1) oR ie peepee pr hpeaas bibl ot c niges 2° (Reina pee Alt oe catia NAT NG ROG, =. ae. Paeiteus oe eit rid soe a ROP AILS AIRE oy wih i ‘ @ sab aypnuty pur 2iigurpent oF epi onthe? Nines Gdd file dbar sah oe), iz Talon oh aegbal adP gi ern 949 ta eoeran it wre Fiikois dee arog?) ‘hosed. eatelait Leber ih Wit Oghiyirey tiiehime fwtat 0 tant Seed ee 6 as eae wives) le co} Niektue tere Up eA gh" I ‘ * Pwdt iy! inh { Ps fitel tateW aes we “ak ’ ¢ 5 ( Ca inkeh Laue GA) tae UA. tele ple ae Henig jy eal = ; (Ar Te oiyusry Bee es Wane ah ie eines ade A i : TiS 0d pact erie etal iP yulbwoone sangint AY alge yf (t poet el) sees pr Saishdl soorstndy peaked : barrie fies a ae a. meas’ Acuff A> i tae aE the al oe porns 7 IA, | a bebeeitiy: Aine | OSM LF = : ety cae. = wt Lose spwttht a8 atte f'n TRONS RIOT ARE ae socwtaet Whit tris lelrnrtl ;, Me MA dite onost rantentiqn in 2g ab bain ade beady os vue aft dueti‘ge Ay FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 15 Lesson No. 4. (64) IMPORTANT. Throughout the remainder of this set the total am- ounts of all business done during the month, will be given at the end of each month. Dec. 31, 1917. (65) Total cash received for month as follows: Eggs, $88. (just before Christmas and eggs were high); Milk, $80.; 15 Turkeys, 225 lbs. @ 30c; Hogs, 580 Ibs. @ 12c. Credit each of these accounts for the proper amounts (figure them out, for practice). Charge Cash with the total. (66) Paid out cash for month as follows: Hood’s and Meyer’s drawing accounts, Schmidt’s, Hansen’s and Gordon’s salaries, and board. Make same entries on journal as in November. (67) Traded Cane to White Elevator Co. for following: 1,000 lbs. wheat bran @ $3. per C (hundred) ; 500 Ibs. cotton seed meal @ $4. per C; 2,000 lbs. corn bran @ $2.50 per C; figure this out. You will find the total amount to be $100. As all of this is to be fed Jersey Cows, you will charge Jersey Cows for $100. No cash was used, but Cane paid for the bill, therefore Expense will be credited with $100. Why credit Expense? (68) Charge Chickens with $6. feed; charge Turkeys with $7. feed; charge Hogs with $100. feed; charge Jersey Cows with $25. feed. Credit Expense with total amount. (No. 52). (69) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $8; Turkeys, $9; Hogs, 450 Ibs. @ 12c (figure it out); Milk, $12. Make entries same as you did in November. (70) Credit Expense with following: Corn, breaking 15 acres @ $2.; Cotton, breaking 25 acres @ $2.; Oats, breaking 70 acres @ $2.; Produce, breaking 9 acres @ $3.; Hood Lease, breaking 40 acres @ $1.50; Meyer Lease, breaking 40 acres @ $1.50. Charge each account as you did in November. (71) Post all items to ledger, the same as in November. Then take trial balance same as in November. (72) MAKE YOUR REPORT on Lesson 4 as follows: On a separate sheet of paper, send copy of your Journal Entries for December only; on another sheet of paper send copy of your trial balance for December. Ask any ques- tions you wish. Mail this report promptly and begin on next lesson. ce] i$ nay AURA nee re se men aye eR A RR A STE t a ie! : F Yo Aperture ani) uoc’y CL SOP TROGaE. aap mig so ‘aig U rw eens? cise, Gaia ie aid wi Ww Sain Afyqee Re ae 4 pad re: ba ttyste dah bevlece vy deat Tent Gey 4 evoed iM Viteld ow wane Bite satiety] . oie nae 3 pig alee TO Meew heioe it ee v/v oak ils dow) on oe istorey) Yu) Pal ele *f 2 tint ceeolle) as, thio iY) > hint oa er # r “onli how aenseelt-"\ bine: 2 Jiedéerorayt ni en" Sneount ne eeleanene i inn ell o Ae> wee Selif. of eee Bens day , ea lk é eit ad) Wik eOiAde! "Yor of i aate Y lider 43! th de wisQel og ‘> © gad cae ie eee! trea bal oe chad ot Secs Se ad , ii ri Q enu.t Vet « bas o> DE ee i Hoes! ibhors ote are ftw hea ftom ae fie a @ 4 6" sbediit/ veel) Pa ' Hany ae 99 th i eed 2 are ee ’ iff), Sa Gani tee rw idl hae POCA wile Mao gle Ati Wai ee) Bae el ite selh We ~ellieroV a0 Rap ‘ " anv. ic 5k a - > [erred cone L nine sane DT Gate | we voe te giliwaaereD ? 14 Cae Sian, it. in eoele OR 90 Sibi rT :) ater aft oyhol at eeael Se per Pe . Ted eh eee Sete tart ch tys 4. - ate! 39 THROU SOY BRAN Eee ‘ rik ind bonnet a4 tre tito: laas Fa ie wectilied fala) Vuuy, 47 Qo Lees 15400 Te deena iviw oo Joie n Sry Kimoding “ge Gay Heit” noes FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 16 Lesson No. 5. Jan. 31, 1918. : (73) Received cash for month: Eggs, $42; Milk, $80; Hogs, 2,300 lbs. @ llc. Make proper entries in same manner as last month. (74) Paid out cash for month: Drawing accounts, salaries and board the same as December; Farm Machinery, for repairs, etc., $18; Wagons and Trucks, gas and repairs, $23. Make entries same as last month. (75) Credit Expense with following total, and charge each account, same as December: Chickens, $5; Turkeys, $2; Hogs, $100; Jersey Cows, $40; Oats, harrowing and drilling 70 acres, $50; Oats, 100 bu. seed @ 60c; Feterita, break- ing 4 acres @ $2; Cane, breaking 25 acres @ $2; Hood Lease, breaking 30 acres @ $1.50; Meyer Lease, breaking 15 acres @ $1.50; Cotton, breaking 100 acres @ $2. (76) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $4; Milk, $11; Hogs, 1,000 Ibs. @ 11c. Make entries as in last month. (77) Post all entries for month, and take trial balance. (78) MAKE YOUR REPORT on Lesson 5 as follows: On separate sheet of paper send in copy of journal for month. On another sheet of paper send in copy of trial balance. Are you having any trouble of any kind, if so what is it? Mail this report at once. FIFA IIAHE Lesson No. 6. Feb. 28, 1918. (79) Received cash for month: Eggs, $35; Milk, $80. Make usual entries. (80) Paid out cash for month: Drawing accounts, salaries and board as usual; wagons and trucks, repairs, tires, gas, $55; farm machinery, repairs, $5.90. Usual entries. (81) Credit Expense with total and charge each account as usual: Chick- ens, $7; Turkeys, $3; Hogs, $12; Jersey Cows, $20: Cotton, breaking 50 acres @ $2; Peanuts, breaking 12 acres @ $2; Produce, harrowing 9 acres @ 50c; Hood Lease, harrowing 100 acres @ 35c; Meyer Lease, harrowing 75 acres @ 35c; Corn, harrowing 175 acres @ 50c. (82) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $5; Milk $12. Usual entries. (83) Bought 1 Incubator on 60 days time from the Peerless Hardware Co., for $75. This incubator is to be used for chickens, so you will charge that account with $75. Peerless Hardware Co. gave you value without receiving anything in return, hence you will credit them for $75.00. (84) Put aside four sacks of bran to be fed Chickens in future. Charge Chickens with this amount. As this bran had already been charged to Jersey Cows, you will now credit Jersey Cows for $8. (85) Post to ledger and take trial balance, same as last month. (86) MAKE YOUR REPORT to your teacher the same as for January. 1 7 : t WHE ss AO BAS AE s - —— ew RR lh eo ali ae” ee - - . 8 pee a oo ae AOL Ita : CO wae iy “eb egy “tdrvom to dag Beytosethy (Ev iw) Caak ae Therein 1.006 6? aS TEGUNG Sg” OnE @ ue bie toler jn gael : stecie sot Meee fat oat a9 & : Writ? va arieca: tet reativeal® mah. eee a aes MiiG@ae too! we imi wmrisae raj ; pea taney i Cs Won ATO) *y rat rT ay’ iad voalfy a ed 7 a | ‘iter. t (AVS } mr eal WS sek OF yore Oia kee), isn, ’ oe ~ 104 sik) fe 4 OT Sell ten given eat utters wit <é 4 cove at soit sae it Oeegeemap oe F He sO ee or: 104 p RABY oon: i uiidaved eo asvelt Dae a - ae — i fi ba as “mihaaw ant ah git esl sew Vinay Guat SF ‘S (fe Hie “edi we op bh*reeg wet alp @ str Cady a) 3 Hi. Oden ieee), 4" @aies Tren (?t Limes < \@eatat oe # we tis,! ee 14 ‘ay HIF ahAL att v of Hr4an' 4 five 7 leocuue, bee yond al buseé + ioe we 4° BAD Gi) dala) eyuewat wird 7A 6a Tang Ve See 7 re OVI Pats ni type ae Peawet UF aM) Pe > $8€62486 Oa a ie VC: ee em) a aA é 4 ie u "AL Age ou "a as - 7 ye. > 2 © ee, a4 ; Wiiap oc? bee Tur ka? ae : 2 Fi inks A Vi - =e aay oof) Opa: Btbate de 1106 ee rss. eles ; » i j ry ote tw ere iw whtraax?. iba 1 t8g , “i iheate stat ae) ies vernal) Ae At I LE ib dedi Lay Oe ‘pit ris a : eee bi.my) dagia’ orem “sg @ J » L $A rar sae sl (OR Lee te nm Si Ruts ames j laabt ' At) agg Atl gniwotrat un) (ae is tin y 5 - : ) > BA Te “iva stig! t > 4litel) Crab io) wahpnteé trod Wiieliel| seeltes’l wh oo gptevet Gi iene lh) riyanott they ' seiity .twt wok o@ apoNedde eoleheee at q))a. edge ety) ak? tat (yeh “siiley cvay of) ginwi ak ealeotd” OHO avi sie ®) ) Ud eral eet Mebeyer Sie d’y ered write’ pate Loh ab eteeat vit ae agen 4 inet ra? yolk dt eas swab ass Gad mad sith “yubared Mids file eee ih eed, pew yutee |, ars wa ir OO re oocwn cll? 40> old ee ie otal Doe steal ee wee BARE be 1) (atceny Awok ad THYME WY SRM cues FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 17 Lesson No. 7. March 31, 1918. (87) Received cash for month: Eggs, $33; Milk, $80. Make usual entries. (88) Cash paid out for month: Drawing accounts, salaries and board as usual; wagons and trucks, $4.50; farm machinery, $5.40; Cotton, seed for plant- ing, $125; Feterita, seed, $5.; Produce, seed (including potatoes, etc.), $55; Cane, seed, $45. (89) The Peerless Hardware Co. will give a discount of 5% for paying cash now. Discount their bill. Five per cent of $75.00 will be $3.75. Credit interest and discount with $3.75. This will leave $71.25 to be paid in cash, so you will credit cash for this amount. Then as Peerless Hardware Co. have received payment in full, you will charge them with $75. Below is how this will appear on your journal: Peerless Hardware Co., payment in full 75.00 Interest and Discount, 5% on above 3.75 Cash, amount paid on above account 71.25 (90) Credit Expense with total of following and charge each account with proper amount: Chickens, $6; Turkeys, $3; Hogs, $10; Jersey Cows, $20: Corn, planting 100 acres @ 50c; Produce, planting 9 acres, $20; Hood Lease, planting 50 acres @ 80c; Meyer Lease, planting 50 acres @ 80c; Feterita, planting 4 acres, harrowing, rolling, etc., $8; Cane, 25 acres @ 50c; Cotton, planting 100 acres @ 50c. (91) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $4.30; Milk, $12. Enter correctly. (92) Post to ledger and take trial balance. (93) MAKE YOUR REPORT on Lesson 7, the same as usual. Always ask for any information you may need. nl) ’ a (re re anes mall. Gab Greasy juga dette wh wer ad Dieed Bud ankle snvrieae Buiw and nite acres Amd myhtat ely to" bene wersol? 70iee _ovanivtcatent, cri Ae alta’ & (ate sera omen) -eier qeises? ‘44 tom om) iy set WS Vo reel Betip, Pr a Saket is : oar ate ad tke GOS? Vk snes ey aot Se ee sceaiae es Sob? ot Ling of By Cth ovask ile Ore 8 ee Aiur pcey- jez sl oo) orheQtaht seater ad. tlh tape iti wal dees hows wo aly Got sh woth”! re Ste eae eee He wire Alyt. fa fiveeticanny) hhgels Faetat ae Tei tae Wet iy Gh gberyey 0) ajambaelt a ake ; age code hh 1 \ierbpaaty bine: 16 aes + eee > nipioed code qe iat teem. Say drlw. jnegtea deg aged how aermeiol te lamat aie bausqued weecos? AON _ GE pmol! gaeut O60 enol ee eee Lela ” (lean! tie svyet Siabl 28 Wise) » geivaeta ajubinl awe © eau OY galiiiata WORN: oe Atincal (at @ ap! OF ysnete Amel Te 008 ‘s ere a a watt) Le FP age OS era r (ae x ied Bilder aoruraell | bates Le ‘ 8 GD ean HE ee wie 4 be ere vad naire yiienital Gann gion vib a a dl ivever: wick - Yunaled (aise stor Baw toubet’ we Wo" Pe Pree tip ou en Stay adler eV wire ad ae PHOT Se WANK rene Oe usar ote" F githacemar at - 7 rT y ' i Aa Were? We gy Are a | ‘ ; j FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 18 Lesson No. 8. Apr. 30, 1917. (94) Cash rec’d. for month: Eggs, $34; Milk $80. Usual entries. (95) The note for $2,500. is now due at the Farmers and Stockmens Bank. Gordon also needs money to finance the harvesting of his crops. He will there- fore borrow $4,000. from the First National Bank for six months, at 8%. (96) Make entries for this loan the same as you did for the bank loan in November. Also write out note to above bank for the proper amount. (97) Pay the Farmers and Stockmens Bank $2,500, in full of note given November Ist. As you paid the interest on this note in advance, at the time you borrowed the money, there will be no interest to pay now. When you borrowed this money, you credited Notes Payable with $2,500. Now that you are paying this note, you charge Notes Payable with $2,500. on the journal, and give Cash credit for $2,500. on the journal. Be sure to get this note back marked “Paid.” Total Cash paid out for month: Drawing accounts, salaries and board, as usual; peanuts, seed, $44; farm machinery, 2 cultivators, and one cotton plant- er, $303; wagons and trucks, $8; expense, extra labor, $65. (98) Credit Expense with total of following and charge each account with proper amount: Cotton, planting 75 acres @ 50c; Cotton, plowing 100 acres @ 50c; Produce, planting and cultivating, $25; Peanuts, planting and cultivat- ing, $18; Corn, plowing 100 acres @ 50c; Hood Lease, plowing and planting, $60; Meyer Lease, plowing and planting, $40; Chickens, $6; Turkeys, $3; Hogs, $8; Jersey Cows, $20; Cane, plowing, etc., $1. (99) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $4; Milk, $12; Produce (vegetables), $5. Usual entries. (100) Post to ledger and take trial balance. (101) MAKE YOUR REPORT on Lesson 8 as follows: Mail teacher your ledger, trial balance, and journal, just as they are. Also send in note for $4,000. you have made out to First National Bank. Be sure that you do all of this. = » y Y Phat, OW oe ed : : : (cin @ $a Oe Si eR Ad CMe es! a “y ‘ an cident Coa ewe ots ts 20ip wot |) ESE eT oa eet: (1 Kane > aft to gall a ay Woven oh bape eters aly daiiee yew, sh dae ols aoe ee TaiwekeA batt S22 ides B00 FP uote att nt gaol Wed witPobb OR ose oe ameg Gat enol ele) val oe: UES otal caved 1aoert teeot sdk wl Set eins Ob ae Tee fie HATA, re aie 7 fk we dol await he bie ° nas ott ¥ ¥ chy t va fee, A bg ails (io Teore tH g¢ ve qv Of mi ; Lie ; i pre i Me Te CRY er TRS Sees Are ee law wical yeoon ode Dageat ft; oie : r av. lata w ye 42 ile ol4avat eewdl hatin’ #0 -atiidt fii howe en Bae faviilas oft oS ifr aff Pest elt piped yo echo elt ety ar Act aur ry i Sive wt fondime sae. pel 1. 40) sthave dag “hint eb Pete % AS Ry Serpe —1001 ET a Stil tre Viaeady {e's hay Hedin rh i ra an a: 7ee= (iOS Tyg: coy) gle adeine poo Nip a Se ie Vie Mea, deed ys al Y Gere gnieetial ta lath) aire rim [aA] PLT VSP utr wos imo osQs% syed OF galtine sryec) sey cen sere Taney ae apviliee ter sallanby olga t G8 aaah! Mae geeay eapeye ; aoe pleosvl god si Lwealee thy howl .a0t fs Saeed) Sere hg ged i ee bi yok -avodlinl (oP vepvaie OF srigndle bie) sole Wie duhed ee yt io wie? i ee ye ‘Ve ) i iM t® ay eevee Te ace aiiat Taw then’ (? hanth db tes Sada’ P. es'4 Wag v1 ante Poig lah daeee Qed: oemorg- dat dt iin Vadiat fakh, Cowon? cg apsean. Pe TSE FT? ee dies 7 AGE) BE cod povoel oh Like aed 4 te ¥viledy [athe Gi ae Goce Walt Tats yogtelh elt Vo Piet! gee fe ne BA Phd ey 8 a gig wosvead aw 7 FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 19 Lesson No. 9. May 31, 1918. (102) Cash rec'd. for month: Eggs, $32.00; Milk, $80.00; Produce, (vege- tables, etc.), $70.00. (103) Cash paid out for month: Drawing accounts, salaries and board; Wagons and Trucks, $20.00; Cotton, labor in cultivation, $150.00. (104) Credit Expense and charge each account as follows: Chickens, $5.00; turkeys, $3.00; hogs, $8.00; Jersey cows, $15.00; cotton, plowing, etc., $100.00; corn, plowing, etc., $75.00; produce, $20.00; feterita, $8.00; peanuts, $12.00; Hood lease, plowing, $40.00; Meyer lease, plowing, $30.00; cane, labor weeding, etc., $4.00. (105) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $5.00; Milk, $12.00; produce (vegetables), $8.00. (106) Fed to Hogs, $5.00 worth of Produce (vegetables); fed to Jersey cows, $5.00 worth of produce. According to No. 6 and 7, you should charge hogs, and Jersey cows, $5.00 each; and credit produce, $10.00. (107) Post to ledger and take trial balance, after making proper entries. (108) MAKE YOUR REPORT as follows: On a separate sheet of paper, send in copy of your journal for month of May only; on another sheet, send in copy of your trial balance for May. isdcte GOOLATT? CPA dooane yntea yl byb Tet a «fiwely) «bh (adaow die iy «ff Mig acy verb TOMS 2908 jah My vf) ‘ LARA Seba i- i: Sea) TOD F ; (thew) UTa Wins! WAY bo ‘i ee. of Reet ere hae ete) Pattee fe rus a a. : _ = > id THRE D gl Sp Geb gies EUS a kph mel mi Sens ee) ese st, rit ote ae tat fisebeta yah, Sets ; sy ays ee Ae 4 Meese Wibrony, a By AED i atagt inal 1 hy) df 30 Bad) if atk Li teve é Mao ie Nes = setilelspurs ehyber® “ie " bts. oe a to irow 06.78% vibe Ot 7a i . (las ie Pe ae, 10 ge yee ) terry noe Ketaee OOEE bea rh ho nee +4 bil « eowalat tate) aa 8 wephet ot rey) ag ey ud @ Presper w ROR: cempellol ee Tt OA) ae JAR Lak) FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 20 Lesson No. 10. June 30, 1918. (109) Cash rec’d. for month: Eggs and Friers, $35.00; Milk, $80.00; Pro- duce (melons, potatoes and vegetables) $225.00. (110) Cash paid out for month: Drawing accounts, salaries and board; oats (binder twine, $11.00; labor in harvesting, $28.00), total $39.00; wheat (twine, $5.00; labor, $12.00), total $17.00; farm machinery, 1 McCormick Self- Binder, $185.00; wagons and trucks, $15.00; cotton, extra labor, $40.00; corn, extra labor, $25.00. (111) Credit Expense with total of following and charge each account with proper amount: Cotton, labor, $30.00; produce, labor, $45.00; feterita, labor, $10.00; peanuts, labor, $8.00; chickens, $8.00; turkeys, $6.00; hogs, $4.00; Jer- sey cows, $5.00; oats, labor in harvesting, $70.00; wheat, labor in harvesting, $30.00; Hood lease, plowing, etc., $40.00; Meyer lease, plowing, etc., $30.00. (112) Fed Hogs Cane, $5.00; fed Hogs, Produce, $10.00. (113) Fed Jersey Cows, Cane, $10.00; fed Jersey Cows, Produce, $10.00. (114) Put $200. worth of sheaf oats in barn for feed. Charge Expense and credit Oats for $200. Why do you do this? (115) Gordon’s family uses following for month: Eggs, $14.50; Milk, $14; Produce, $15. (116) When you have posted all of these entries correctly, take trial balance. (117) MAKE YOUR REPORT on Lesson 10 in the same manner as you reported in May. a oe het - wih ~ a } i 4 € r of ' (vt Give {* * . yoiw t 7 i} ¥ ; te LAA. ee FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 21 Lesson No. 11. July 31, 1918. (118) Rec'd. cash as follows: Oats, 2,000 bu. @ 50c; Wheat, 400 bu. @ $2; Eggs, $42; Friers, $50, (all credited to chickens); Milk, $80; Produce, $403; Cane, 10 tons @ $8. (119) Cash paid out for month: Salaries, drawing accounts and board; Oats (labor in threshing, $65; sacks, $40; threshing 2,500 bu. @ 5c), total See (figure it out); Wheat (labor, $35; sacks, $40; threshing 600 bu. @EOc)Ptotalli Gee (figure it out); Cane, labor, etc., $10; Wagons and Trucks, $25. (120) Credit Expense with total of following and charge each account with the proper amount: Produce, labor, $50; Peanuts, labor, $5; Chickens, $2; Hogs, $2; Jersey Cows, $10; Hood Lease, plowing etc., $40; Meyer Lease, plow- ing, etc., $30; Oats labor in harvesting, $140; Wheat, labor in harvesting, $60. (121) Credit Produce with $40., as follows: Fed Hogs, $20; fed Jersey Cows, $20. Which accounts do you charge? (122) Fed Hogs Cane, $8. Which account do you charge and which do you credit? (123) Gordon’s family used following: Eggs, $6.25; Friers, $10; Milk, $13; Produce, $20. (124) When you have made all of above entries correctly, post to ledger and take trial balance. (125) MAKE YOUR REPORT on Lesson 11 in the same way as last month. Be sure you send it in promptly. PF : 2:1 0A ROK Fe — — _ . le eon ian eel rh" @onet i, ae see WLM . “Ae 5 se earliy they ma) mics M Pity it ajlLow? oe ap (268 aber eee ' p a alia? | an) ihe : Sue OF 1) Perini ae 4 ri tare Dip eae Vee o> hutey ripe othe (20 galifeatht’ nF Taher ar 1 Hiatp ars Cetie a apa?) = a Pqal Le sey). = S'fuaage 4 OY ae 62 ple Dae ei ee on jaa 1 ee ie Hie uit oo { Wty Sin : VE’ A yon) AO IG ott! iden | oe ae i ; Se Yeo iel’ A aCe & M ie SA wld Goal? i? ar P viele me Atl ut 'b. ee’ Maite hw Ca 2 ove : 4 ' putea we 5 eel’ et 18H : ' Swe : wl 4 SI) \ le soviowt AT ih . ie now ¢69 calel als). ee De q c vs va : - Hig 4 af (eae) Hive 1 Wig 1 ye Oo a oun oft J FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 22 Lesson No. 12. Aug. 31, 1918. (126) Rec’d. cash during month: Eggs, $30; Milk $80; Produce, $102; Cotton, 5 bales, 2,500 Ibs. @ 30c; Hood Lease, 3 bales, 1,500 lbs. @ 30c, and 3,000 Ibs. seed @ $50. per ton; Meyer Lease, 2 bales, 1,000 lbs. @ 30c, and 2,000 Ibs. seed @ $50. per ton. Figure all of these amounts very carefully and make usual entries. (127) Paid out cash for month: Drawing accounts, salaries and board; Cotton, picking 3 bales, 4,500 lbs. @ 75c per C (hundred), ginning 5 bales @ $5; also $15 for sacks, total $73.75; Hood lease, ginning 3 bales @ $5; Meyer Lease, ginning 2 bales @ $5 and extra labor; Wagons and Trucks, $8. (128) Credit Expense for total and charge each account for proper amount: Produce, labor, $20; Peanuts $5; Chickens, $4; Turkeys, $2; Hogs, $4; Jerseys, $8; Cotton, picking 3,000 lbs. @ 75c, and hauling 5 bales to gin @ $5; Hood Lease, hauling cotton to gin, $15; Meyer Lease, hauling cotton to gin, $10; Corn, cutting and hauling corn fodder, $100. (129) Fed $15 produce to Hogs; fed Jersey Cows, $10 worth of produce. What accounts do you charge, and which account do you credit? (130) Gordon’s family used following: Eggs and friers, $10; Produce, $10; Milk, $12. (131) Make proper entries, post to ledger, and take trial balance. (132) MAKE YOUR REPORT as usual, on Lesson 12. ——. as cae : 4 i! a. ~ _ 7 ( = 5 a ___ ~iizen ee ee 22 AMT pout 20 weet ae Tae ai Aulnarecry wih ice m Tee oo She se CTY Gtt® teed 400M) ee ars IE Ob baie ed bive wlel eae get ayn orien cnt fy al spre, 207 Say sist F hen ayy » 2nieeils aus ons TS | Pathe “ha Pri } alu A AWLANIG (hall aAlic Te ps AP wee (te tated = an , A, i wuss 2 ign beast ba ~< oo fOr iaae Rew OAT xleds wniinelagy oe thee t jal 5 ita? Te Lab is ‘ine hgte i pare’ weld filavs> 7 a - ' 7 - 4 7 ve Wl bE Beh) (Aeon OS eal Hales oT ri mail Sug art 1 ae yy ee analy rh aes ih, 1h sit z tre ia bie wit dda ee a is BR. OMIT > = v ' ae Fry wal) Jee | is ie Bon 7 sero fh ei om? Les as | wie u; say i ape) y. - cee | s i FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 23 Lesson No. 13. Sept. 30, 1918. (133) Rec’d. cash as follows: Eggs, $32; Milk $80; Cotton, 17 bales, 8,500 lbs. @ 25c; also 814 tons seed @ $50 per ton, total $......................-- (figure it out); Hood Lease, 10 bales, 5,000 lbs. @ 25c, and 5 tons seed @ $50; Meyer Lease, 8 bales, 4,000 lbs. @ 25c, and 4 tons seed @ $50; Corn, 2,000 bu. @ 90c. (134) Paid out cash as follows: Drawing accounts, salaries and board; Cotton, picking 24,000 Ibs. @ 90c, and ginning 17 bales @ $5; Hood Lease, ginning 10 bales @ $5; Meyer Lease, ginning 8 bales @ $5; Wagons and Trucks, $30; Jersey Cows, bran, meal, etc., bought and placed in barn, $75. (135) Credit Expense with total and charge each account with proper amount: Chickens, $5; Turkeys, $4; Cotton, picking 1,500 lbs @ 90c, and hauling 17 bales @ $5; Corn, gathering 3,500 bu., $125; Cane, cutting, shocking, hauling and baling, $100; Hood Lease, hauling 10 bales @ $5; Meyer Lease, hauling 8 bales @ $5. (136) Hogs and Jersey Cows ran in corn field. Estimated that Hogs ate $50 worth of corn, and that Jerseys ate $20 worth of corn and grass. Charge Hogs and Jerseys for proper amounts and credit Corn for total. (137) Gordon’s family used following: Eggs, $6; Milk, $12; Produce, $10. (138) Make these entries correctly, post to ledger and take trial balance. (139) MAKE YOUR REPORT as usual, trying your utmost to be perfectly correct. pridsecs pele Meee REOG, el WE 5 rh Oe ane) CGR ate’

oh 8) geet, HO SRR OS wag sewdliot os tine A oatt- eR a nuott UN eee emer gs Sp hem 1% Bh edd GM rk wala 26s, earner} ee “ei + Ove bee SAE Vall (eae pe’ OF ) oo ele COR bold UP etlt 10M Gp Saec ion ehh. Sow GS Hedi OTT bus pee a are (hd GA orard Seip hala. aianest «aul te oe rt: ed rae ek et out rHe OD f) wel oyna? De py domme Maw eT ae got OR eek ~ 5 ~ oe os au Lived Due 2 chelie .aleuome wntweth jewels caviiase fhe Mest it ete iy rece WaT RG aoa Mannie Vee ee et OO828'y ehioia eae et es ee ee ed ee neest regal ste lad OO pn ordt sagt seek gid awe ge iitibn pitee utp tient 02 aaa wipe 240pS fawn wb ae wnt tite Mit) ots ee. | er lyn (OMe aeeeda’ Ghat Ae ite beat a8 + = (‘ived saan iM 168 = dado, Al wit . Reis’? ee MEE, ith Ay Se 58 Weel aon Se 1 sole ae Le ait wens owe lite . ra turpirts Jag T “STR antut ody he ibe somborv® y2TS ie a ug merce) 2 : Pr shiwe| he 00.) itd} dli 7 wD eae Volry qh SA 1 07) greet (Obie ila 7: 7 eee LAGU AT, Stop i oj ‘ y icy oi unt. sede ote anal > a rie 7 ears ae ae > oi heli Ose Gilera e aso (het) HB goihevt 2 ase Mesee LER Iy Sher lee aoa DW Gow grate Laan enw Olay Biel qeeT) Hee OaIS cortpet wii. Oly : tenet deesiditeluc’ OOM Twiladaed Ws We) Ose cr cee, be ie EE el ees pee wie) lit ster baw tuple of depp atbsie egena odalh o Cie) - : t - FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 25 Lesson No. 15. (147) PAYING OFF HOOD AND MEYER. The Hood Lease account on the Ledger now shows a debit of $735, and a credit of $4425. As Hood is to get one-half of the proceeds from his lease, you will credit him for one-half of $4425., $2212.50. Do this in the following manner: On the journal, enter “FE. M. Hood, personal, Cr. $2212.50”; ‘‘Hood lease, Dr. $2212.50.” Post this to the ledger and it will show Hood’s personal account, total debit, $720; total credit, $2212.50. Of course, before you pay Hood, you must collect from him this $720, which is the money you have advanced at the rate of $60 per month. The difference between the debit and credit sides of this account is $1492.50. You will enter on your journal: “F. M. Hood, personal, in full payment of ac- count, $1492.50,” and credit cash for the same amount. (148) You will realize that Meyer will be settled with on the same principle as Hood. Turn to the Meyer Lease account, and the C. L. Meyer, personal, ac- count, and handle them in just the same manner as you did with Hood’s. HOW TO FIND YOUR PROFITS OR LOSSES. (149) You have now come to the most important part of your record keep- ing. You should be able to figure just how much you have lost or gained on each account, and what your total gain or loss is. (150) Some of the accounts may have become more valuable during the year. On the other hand some of them may have become less in value. Some of them may have neither increased or decreased in value. We want to go through the ledger and estimate the value of those things on hand. This is called taking an inventory. (154) The first account we will consider is Real Estate. This has not changed in value during the year. Write on the credit side in red ink, the date and “inventory $50,000”. There will be no loss or gain on this account, of course. (152) Buildings and Fixtures have decreased 5% in value. Taking 5% from the total value of $8,300, leaves an inventory of $7,885., which you will write on the credit side of the account in red ink, just as you did in Real Es- tate. It is easy to see that there has been a 5% loss on this account, which would be $415. Write on the credit side in red ink, the date and ‘‘net loss $415. NOTE. You will notice that you would have gotten the net loss just the same by subtracting the credit side of the account from the debit. , 24S ia aC (vA ———— wpe ete am pen eae le ere neha eon es y , 5 “ia ’ Wi f ae oN Yrsas (te hi ' bool! Step Ree Tie FEeEG, tes Ad te AD © eA io ey al endt ty Lio wt poe be ‘ar wey wer? giz nas Phe te aa 12 Warde Soe ' ‘ek oA) pe ivy @arwoit ne. fy aivaioy oll vr eres ae 2 eS 82 a aeest qual” HERI 22), Moreen ll ae oan Re eee coord # idol we fie rf tne cagt S p@e pe } mot dete peri nay .o oli dng oe Steted des 1” GB elo ne Ny to cies att oy Lerels aren Hw Geom ude os eG (end eige Wek fe cm pe te een) tele daly ats tered 2 otra ih aie w OPE “4 ry * nt f yENYZ we POD. Te ee +0 q ibe iw Ese i abinicél. ty Wat io tre ee ue EU RUG eee . wri 5 Pri 2G) taets> + Adj While LTE ¢ wot RALS i) tapered alah bah baw ¢ Wren 1007 1 riftiio'e i vos huelt ‘< sett cts Bit, Hip? =m Siem Wit S83 Tet eg ae ee TT eal) 248 he ee ay ngs 1 apieig rwet aon O92 vied Pe ie® IRIN T) trae r ua) pte aro Set oh pETE ; ‘Thess 19) Vout daaie wid deal stkrt of shia oP bibs ang Aa ; wh wit) Pe oe 4 an 44 uth Qes 1) Wile dee Lr weet. ors wf Septet Me f aval: Yahs au iy, ott ha ghed oth “hula Ab cgub ontoeen? aay (yan fenin miinte Feat 1etlG BAP I aie 2 Fy) Ban BL siWy th) dete ‘Dy, Yangon ni. yietias wea marie, tepenth) Us a c ear \. gehi9)) Vey nia wa} aL Aides rk . ahs! griy. A wow F . Cys ray unital batlia 4 an: ry fuse anf 7 no hi SPL OXI mani peal - binky oh pier’ ost Oa ry aitha wht : cide gatos wh betel hb ibe Foe ise w mi % 44 : i jaw iV aes ita " : Be VTA nealire, Abr ga Rawat eels wih be oagnlaltal 1 (kal } ; (Hy a wits “ on ‘i i 3 fie > ® Wi wala fag 4 meta pt oS 2h WO Tetin PACs image) & @ Wie va i eo ee Ay ee ee eS ee 5 > aliye) aes (Sor y she ; ul ra by! bf coh ude abe) Ive hla th eee lop eae Ai+2, of Bhyile ae sa A} Ain. avi 2 ae ais coi le dept. aT ae if Pe er | ott) ten A rt Nesegeittt = vine OM sie os * ; iy J 4 7 < ‘ f ‘ a ce FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 26 Lesson No. 15, continued. (153) Wagons and Trucks are worth $1,800. This is the inventory. As Wagons and Trucks cost, including repairs, etc., $2228.50, the net loss will be $428.50. Enter same as Buildings and Fixtures. (154) Farm Machinery is inventoried at $1,350. This machinery cost, in- cluding repairs, etc., $2,182. 30, leaving a net loss of $832.30. Enter as usual. (155) Mules are inventoried at $2,550, leaving a net loss of $450. Figure it out and enter. (156) Interest and Discount is charged with $260, and credited with $3.75. This makes a net loss of $256.25. Write, in red ink, on the credit side, “net loss, $256.25.” (157) Expense is debited with $6,005, and credited with $4,696.75. This makes a net loss of $1,308.25. Enter same as in Interest and Discount. (158) Feterita shows an inventory of $25. Write this on the credit side in red ink, which added to the credit of $180, makes $205. total credit. The total debit, or cost, of this feterita, is $89. The difference between $89. (debit) and $205. (credit) is $116. This is the net gain. Write on the debit side, in red ink, the date and “net gain $116.” (159) The inventory of Jersey Cows (including calves) is $725. Add this to the credit, subtract the debit, and find the net gain in the same manner as in Feterita. (160) In the same way, proceed with the following accounts, inventories given: Hogs, inventory, $900; Chickens, inventory, $100; Cane, inventory, $550; Corn, inventory, $1560; Oats, inventory, $450; Wheat, inventory, $410; Turkeys, inventory, $250; Produce, inventory, $100; Peanuts, inventory, $400; Cotton, inventory, $100 (seed on hand). (161) The Hood Lease (not Hood’s personal account), shows a debit of $2,947.50, and a credit of $4,425. Taking the debit (or cost) from the credit side, leaves a net gain of $1,477.50. Write in red ink on the debit side “net gain $1477.50.” (162) Handle the Meyer Lease in the same manner as the Hood Lease. (163) Bills Payable account is the same on each side, and therefore there can be no loss or gain. There can be no loss or gain on Cash account. J. F. Gordon, private, will pay this account into the business, so there will be no loss or gain on same. The J. F. Gordon Farm account is capital invested and is not taken up yet. We f ' ; _ a be Au SF P.1 ‘i Az ; - ——— - Se a eR N fi a 4 ile 1] tee di tiee Ven were ania j y ie {NT t '- 4 ee | ed ayy ive eT eon) i iy oly wii Ge 2 TAY a Suna ooh Ay | Ge, te TLE (~enois aa At bey of a} (ye hake [al yy) ty So SP nett tie ere ay : 7 a eT - ty i Pte 9 hea a wee a9 a 5 * Abe Ved ee : antly 4 CF wi o dyna! Oe tage! “hed (beg as | He (Silene Oxf) he) ‘np 4,94 ow thle sine 1 ath ii iy re vat wh da ’ pi bo Fie (8 Vian! sh - ede 4 tne ade es girs Oh at iwi opie arparet’ Saal rr mews fatns UAE oda, ai ing? o4e0> re ail at oa ab eine Oud i cP 4 se ob Jatimvee » : aietyd. Capel ait sure ‘Pdely dtr oe 8 tile. Fay eatd! it eh beret eat aioe ae yt tl Odd 34d) ae Be ih Wed nm 4d Kiides O43 Bie sues "Sa ry iit aul pil i Win Coase. =i\Xa, att wm! ivpty : ' , j y Laridovierd vee} v ix? 7 mvel ea cae i” ite? ‘eta yr ' pee diate yah. odatl Ore een aire? AFAR ay : COE waningiat @uutn se) MER wi sthatel eee roe Kees (ore ent avMl in seeat : Hine fash) " ie ‘ae ee Sau wilt ) Tek 5 silaee cit Ge Wate bub. Oe Be rab ai acs vo at all! 2 OR oles foce ehvent SOR x : PML TTR De tee nis 4 \ Pa eb 1% ieee Me ie oe ore. Lat ie . / taka Adrer { Fai pitwret wil Hy (ed) e. fn ei waa ee Roe BH a DHOK IT ley 12 bee See hee gon ( teu 4. ya ©. %a% ; i aete G94 Wore alae rat |The Yung oll ati , hag! i i> di int \aehwasd AD a, ont ri ay neg @ ; , ae ee tan i 7 . i - FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 27 Lesson No. 15, continued. (164) MAKING OUT THE BALANCE SHEET. Ask your teacher for balance sheet paper ruled like that on page 29, or take some blank paper and ry 6k rule it the same way yourself, writing “ledger accounts”, “trial balance’, “re- sources”, ‘liabilities’, “losses” and “gains” over the proper columns. The word “resource” means anything of value which you could turn into money. The word “liability” means anything for which you are going to have to pay. (165) Open your ledger and place your balance sheet before you. Write in the “ledger accounts” column, “J. F. Gordon Farm.’ Write on the credit side of the “trial balance” column, ‘67,915.’ Write in the “liabilities” column, “67,915.” NOTE. $67,915. is the investment on this farm and must be re- turned, before there could be a gain. It is therefore a liability. (166) In the same manner as you entered the J. F. Gordon Farm, go through the ledger and enter all other accounts on the balance sheet, working them out as shown in the Model Balance Sheet, page 29. IMPORTANT. Study the model balance sheet before you try to work this out, and then see if you cannot do it all from memory, and from use of the principles you have learned. (167) This balance sheet will show you that the NET GAIN on the entire farm is $12,810.15. This added to the investment of $67,915, makes the present worth of J. F. Gordon Farm $80,725.15. In other words, if Gordon would now sell out for cash, he would have $80,725.15 cash on hand. (168) Gordon should pay in to the business the $528.55 he owes on per- sonal account. Enter on journal: Cash, recd. from J. F. Gordon, personal ac- count, $528.55. J. F. Gordon, credited in full by above payment, $528.55. Post this to ledger. (169) Open a Loss and Gain account in your ledger. On the left side write the names of all those accounts which show a loss on the balance sheet, and in the left hand column write the amount of the loss as shown on the balance sheet. Write on the right side of the loss and gain account the names of all those accounts that show a gain on the balance sheet, with the proper figures in the right hand column. When you find the difference between the total of the left hand column and that of the right hand column, you will have the net gain $12,810.15. Write in red ink, on the left side of the loss and gain account “net gain, transferred to J. F. Gordon Farm, $12,810.15.” Enter this $12,810.15 on credit side of J. F. Gordon Farm, in black ink. > 7 7 bes : Geiegsinyn a ae ar he ¥ 7 OR RS Ceanhe roe hd ee ', atga ef eeie » Ae 1 cid i at ete} + 5 ni igh? |” Petes sey ‘sevid iw i on La wf sheep bi nc be t 20) Wate lees ‘e a an) “eas Oke if oF Sir ibaaell® . Fe : 77 ee eee i. W-F0Re Golwe be gh\de “7 s/hiphue Sup rr wy AP, gt yuh yre a? ibe apy? ng iene vesiftall re nys yet) 42 2 Gh Liperyy eth fii wages yun AyD mn Psi be ‘i eve t ed 8 atin. Seu mainte Ou ta! Leal? ' ede. et EY ipoies 05 rue Galia’® gal} wae ry fy P wy ey 7 if 46 SIGNAGE. TOs : Mh eel the i) ae = te les : ad ‘ . 4 7 ; uid? ; ie ary Ly) Ae eee ies 8 DAA py fea ao keel ever a Cee eye ted. 1) gare F rr ite anmuie’ “preieleah eA) \) dA) ate The Wie : wnew4) died dap wile bi tj ia Lush nie Ps $ Ue 3b oy Lous Py tvin et te | i {i 3 tat) esa | 1 see ae tafuey (vabta’ iy i } a 1. wu i | he Aiea ; i : yp ibiiae Se [24% to) SOG iae ee 49 pied z ED ‘wi | Cor lo at pte bbole genie rs bebe alt arte gd a eee ry Aen. ‘tales: ig retest dhbuwae lowe - ALS ety cho.ed (lel WE orivon ould 4°? eats Jone : - ae vated ox wide ms : ePish wit a vnpo sce wield ieee scl)! eye i Tay vette =inalan( ovis vi Cy kien way » ore j vin < @a » iweasie vay VOT he ePeee t) @ bel iA: wo fee WG ain fon (49 creamiet ting Sree ol te te a oy ee ee Wi Pie dente saietad ait ai iO 6 aw See Seay Us reocrpet yinnegtt te gle ral aceuug'’? 4)eabed Qa ae © ease: of Cow ace) inlis Brel, sats ams ho togp tapout? cies Kewl gl Seth Te $k inh of he Ml at) a. Adal ay ai rear 4 ang, ee. ot ver ine 5 two oe lane alegeh: aT a WAP dedld ava’ = wy, a 4, to ob@ rior Nae vie cold ig2 - sei aes FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 28 (170) On the debit side of the J. F. Gordon Farm account, write in red ink, “J. F. Gordon Farm, present worth, $80,725.15.” Rule this account up and bring down inventory on credit side, in black ink, as shown on page 30. (171) Rule up Real Estate and bring down inventory on debit side in black ink. Rule up all other accounts having inventories in same manner. Those accounts not having inventories will balance, and the footings will be ruled up properly. (172) MAKE YOUR REPORT on Lesson 3 as follows: Mail in to your teacher your journal, ledger, trial balance book and balance sheet for approval. Figure out a Statement of Results, showing how much to the acre Gordon has made on each crop, and on which kind of stock or poultry he has made the most money, according to the amount of money invested. Mail this in also. Write teacher what you think of this set of Farm-Ranch Bookkeeping, and how much benefit you have received from same. Send all these reports to- gether. (173) If this work has been thoroughly satisfactory, your teacher will re- turn your books, approved, and also a CERTIFICATE stating you have finished this first set. [ arid) ae. t G2. as MO @ JAR ee nubakiy ak thy te st an apa, abthiatal ia Ban Mee Ce ROME Oh = cee no aveeear 4 MIE OLA ny dite Mbiamt eh oh) Dt wot Thal oo-erneeiNt AGO gn itd ‘Coe yeah fel qn li ‘Ty cowhem, ome hs asic yaa): vivid: RA ele radte Kia ve stunt ott ive gyerrtvend erty Hover eetpateicl: lew neon jimwan wat supe em a fiw .cwhllel a 2neaesd a aa OF we ie iprorggd wittteds s.pelas Ge Eid enauthe ero ere et ects ue) weiw ied! at tata orl oe Mew Wo irene? *® toy edi-them ex \fat wilowy oPol to fala Woltw o2')e8 theres Whe ite] oar al uth Hen. ° eagos ed Yoneer to Tyee Sf) a) YRilwiree oe | L an. k@n 4m) falloff arin Ape be at i sete donne. sutton npratestin «gett TEs ali ‘= ‘ aeed) Ihe bins - £0 etn) Prem lr Tse Arie 2 wg Ul r F , ~ Wie esikaet tat; 26-4 tis SS Mors! cen Goo SE TILA z ‘ aie vad | i”? an re, Ke ae " Led fee-reyoe sont oo «tall ‘ Ul lav Oc ok Ledger Accounts J. F. Gordon Farm Real Estate Buildings and Fixtures Wagons and Trucks Farm Machinery Mules Horses Feterita Jersey Cows Hogs Chickens Notes Payable Cane Corn Oats Wheat Interest and Dis. F. M. Hood, personal, (balanced) C. L. Meyer, personal, (balanced) Hood Lease Meyer Lease Turkeys Produce Peanuts Cotton Expense Cash J. F. Gordon, personal Taxes Net Gain Add Net Gain to Investment J. F. Gordon Farm Present Worth Present Worth equals resources FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 29 Model Balance Sheet | Trial Balance Resources) Liabilities Losses Gains 67,915. 67,915. 50,000. 50,000. 8,300. 7,885. 415. 2,228.50 1,800. 428.50 2,182.30 1,350. 832.30) 3,000. 2,550. 450. 400. 400. 89. 180. | 25: 116. 1,028. 1,099. 725. 796. 963. 873.60 900. 810.60 225. 742.35 100. 617.35 6,500. 6,500. 305. 203. 550. 448. 1,367.50 2,728. 1,560. 2,920.50 729. 1,200. 450. 921. 512. 900. 410. 798. 260. 3.75 256.25 2,947.50 4,425. 1,477.50 2,238.75 | 3,350. 1,111.25 555 342. 250. 437. 306.50 232 100. | 916.50 |) 2 19%: 300. 400. | 509. | 2,328.25] 7,400. 100. | 5,171.75 6,005. 4,696.75 } 1,308.25 | 10,641.60 10,641.60 | | 528.55 528.55 | | 550. 550. 12,810.15 17,050.45 17,050.45 12,810.15 80,725.15 | ray | 80,725.15 103,981.45 103,981.45 | — «aa , / + ee eu epi A nit, = ; - ee ee = Ce mabinaetl fait 7 a ie, ae gale = -» ——_— ied > ; } P 7. f 6.14 Sir iS iu dats | ° We, « e ae. 8 ‘ OE) ee (ee | or, J ORES gla rei =)? & WESa) ST ‘ cc) de ae + ane : 7 AN | ai - vw My = ” ' ae ote ecce fs x me” DOP Se ace ro Sp ror i 4 j , 1PM if ah or ’ 4 17 10,4 jabvan Zz ays " aL § 3B : fet , i" hid - ef aS, OTS Ae J : aoe | . = S , PAP 3 H a FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 30 Model Ledger J. F. Gordon Farm Oct. 31 Present Worth 80,725.15 Now 1 Inventory 67,915. 1918 Oct.. 31 Net Gain 12,810.15 80,725.15 80,725.15 1918 Oct. 31 Present Worth 80,725.15 REAL ESTATE 1917 1918 Nov. 1 Inventory 50,000. Oct. 31 Inventory 50,000. 1918 Oct. 31 Inventory 50,000. BUILDINGS and FIXTURES 1917 1918 Nov. 1 Inventory 8,300. Oct. 31 Inventory 7,885. Oct. 31 Net Loss 415. 8,300. 8,300. 1918 Oct. 31 Inventory 7,885. WAGONS and TRUCKS 1917 1918 Nov. 1 Inventory 2,000. Oct. 31 Inventory 1,800. 1918 Oct. 31 Net Loss 428.50 Jan. 31 23. Feb. 28 55: Mar. 31 4.50 Apr. 30 8. May 31 20. June 30 15: Jul. 31 25: Aug. 31 8. Sep. 30 30. Oct. 31 40. 2,228.50 2,228.50 1918 Oct. 31 Inventory 1,800. + EE A a Nn te ome Ms : hee te ear ws - . SS Sh eae a SS | es open Gin tt 2% “a cf ee conan erage oat are senna hen Es aed ea eS b Ss 4 YE Aaln th s: aiken! an i — © “anaspces al O84 5) at ee ee pani Lat = aT oun” 7 il ine cae aS “ace haa — at. e vi” ¥ nes oeecst > — neal ee oo —— = Essent ae tteie abi x we “tak it = “ Seats Gee iS pe ear 2 i) oe ia ee EN i i Ps i ; 7 ; ahi my ee js ue 1 ee, ¢et 4? st 1? ( F ha nif dak lan tha, ft rate tf mit Aa ment rere te strat iv das r 4 ‘} ad) i aunt ‘ Pe 1 é toe 237 & 7. Fh i : ar : f i p WN HS UTE (siaela tinh in my mtorr Seaclvelee S10, (ted wntabeed sinha nant he shite ‘ou nm thi 0 Davie PMPs hy Le = Lesa A i savas = - a ye “6 a sGaanwieres ee ~ — see cei 2a Nhe # veg ee ee nr Sxeecmgetecee a Oy ee Sie Vew| (or aad on pn a, ‘ oe Y. ig i ps We yar ef] 4 . be = »; ¥) oer jomees mam ao teed hig ee wae " al a AL in darian dns ite ~ pe er \ (ea dated” Ob LRH wrethitieAl fin gt oid ode saluite tant (tat a fesnp inde ote ieee | - sages hr iy 48 rues a) tag tal ee RAGAN AST Py 08 me it fi i] Cae y FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 32 Part II. INTRODUCTION. Having completed Part 1, of Farm-Ranch Bookkeeping, where you have kept records of the cost of raising various kinds of crops and stock, and figured out just how much net gain you have made on each, you should now be ready to profit by this experience, and to turn most of your attention to those things you find the most profitable. (175) The STATEMENT OF RESULTS shows you the net profit per acre on each kind of crop raised; also the percentage of gain on the investment in each kind of stock or poultry. Oats made the lowest average of profit per acre, but there are several things that should be said about this oat crop. In the first place, you have a large quantity of oat straw on hand, which is woth considerable money. Then, again, all of your stock grazed on the green oats in the latter part of the winter. Had you sowed these oats in the fall, your cows, and all other stock, would have received much benefit. This is brought out here just to show you how many times we overlook the real value of certain things. (176) It will be seen that cotton raised by the Tenant or Renter System, made a very low average of profit per acre, even when the Tenant farmed on “halves.” The tenants themselves made very good wages, but J. F. Gordon made only half as much net profit on the cotton land so farmed, as he did on that farmed by hired labor. In part II, no land will be leased to tenants. (177) Certain crops that have not been cultivated on a large scale before, have yielded a splendid profit. Stock and poultry have also shown surprising gains on amount invested. As the raising of certain crops can be made much more profitable in connection with stock raising, Gordon decides on the follow- ing: (178) POLICY FOR THE SECOND YEAR: To plant those crops that not only yield the best profits themselves, but that are of most assistance in raising stock; to specialize on the raising of fine stock and poultry which can always be sold at fancy prices; to build up a first-class dairy, etc. (179) This program is based on FACTS. A certain breeder of fine hogs, located in the Southwest, has in a few years built up a business where his sales reach as high as $35,000. per annum. A few enterprising individuals, taking advantage of the climate and forage possibilities of the South, have within a short time developed one of the most remarkable dairies in the world. The animals from this dairy take off the highest honors in the national shows. The butter manufactured by this firm is unsurpassed, and one city alone, located more than a hundred miles from the dairy, consumes a thousand pounds of its butter each week. A small railroad system which runs through a region of the South formerly supposed to be poverty-stricken, has for several years been stressing DIVER- SIFICATION. The result is that a single branch of this railroad now ships as much as $5,000,000. worth of eggs per year, and the people along the entire system are now selling $90,330,000. more each year than they buy. = oe he HO AAPA. - ———— * emt =r em IT 4nd : vane hag ial ore et cunt bby qt OPPS ORT 7 ee } MY a1 an | 1H UMS C8 sogt , c ie ns ity May Ten tte tuo Sw ee eee: Vi egite fe eae wan 2 gins fy yb 146 y lb =) we es weyy , ple » oSe® = tHutilaen crue SH? Galt wae Soot: 2M to We Aas it aif “) tava fing ot blaes fata (si LaSepe- oe eter) Bee are "1 ; bi , eethe +} » ty veda ai geri Df . ‘ve cule gat ole ' ca Ub Bie su a a3 M90 bleh mpc AN sali! paws a : dee vorrwl oth me : i int * wget iets mm es i) Ae waht de Geb. fous Avuatails buotvan ‘tif vrtewlt moet od deere oe belles ie, . aged nw “T9098 ene Tar { (ie? ice oh iMegtt AUT id dies Ahedia? ets itp 4 rape, Dee alad i woe 97 p shee te oe a lew Wad se bio lietiot sracewe oft." aor 60 a wis ee a ni iboa) ae eel wit aa ue socket vile Gaal ow Te et of Va). repre peel, 1 OFF Fal Aly en i Pai avis sface \ ota 10 \ oivremes = OSeTI ia) ibe wale wy @ay tiiihe as ie Wwe We 4 DIPLEAC eat , ania fing 1d apr jy ees, IN x ee es Nas y ‘ My NOS lay ibuata dW cel ooutow dt! ahtet tape aie . he 1p tae i BY 2' CEVA Bh ae eRe PPE ; os 6 Beced i Lawan e 41\ (4 coy eal 2tiyow, bert ih Plaiveite 46a if@eate Live ta dt Mint oft ae UU alpeye OF) aoe es jolt mem Glee el sieie woakt 14 OSS sae i4 te rus : YAY ne Asem ut corny ah TATE he aaiar ail (rae io that etd y eee ete pee el ct en tae ae wah inG Ae 18d eh dpi +e AD ee pan bo saney a momidy Veen Th ae Reregria t ths WBA ey 4 dc, Wants iD diode a diel ave, ALUN see Dy Qapiiidicetes i yo lal oarle ou Yi imuas, aiti I yh ‘inh wire whee inet 7 ; tae 5) newt at wit sia taboilés sit] ia sriegitist, Peed aut ii 2 CHR) CO eu oie wit? cay, Opn , Dene au? Itens> ey © ey to abetuoay Wiens woty miavay eytedi othe i a ae & ty 5 chimed? anata. peters beading fame A viek ax mr ie ih, wed poacher ine 119 py! tne ae OTe Cra 9 oe F _ tg miner | ofsafe@) One ei tlie? sdt VOSTRO Be : Th 1G a Pe TO CT J FE, ow OMT en pote <9 Pee th dele CARLOS TO ea wean ts eee wig A a FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 33 Lesson No. 16. Nov. 1, 1918. (180) STARTING OUT on another year. You will arrange to plant crops this year as follows: Corn, 200 acres; Cotton, 100 acres; Wheat, 100 acres; Oats, 50 acres; Produce, 50 acres; Cane, 25 acres; Peanuts, 25 acres; Feterita, 10 acres; Sudan Grass, 10 acres; Alfalfa, 30 acres. (181) Write a contract with John Schmidt, as farm laborer for one year, @ $75. per month and board. (182) Write a similar contract with Felix Hansen; also hire Joe Black at $50. per month and board. No contract will be made with Black. Nov. 1 to Nov. 30, 1918. (183) As all grain, feed and cotton seed on hand will be used for stock, or for seed, charge Expense with the following total and credit each account for the proper amount: Feterita, $25; Cane, $550; Corn, $1,560; Oats, $450; Wheat, $200 (remainder of wheat will be sold for cash). (184) Total cash received during month: Eggs, $15; Milk, $80; Mules, 6 head (sold because purchasing tractor) @ $150.00; Jersey Cows, 4 head (these cows were not good milkers) @ $60; Wheat, $210; Cotton, seed sold, $100; Produce, potatoes sold, $100. (185) Total cash paid out during month: Salaries and board (Gordon, $150; Schmidt and Hansen, $75 each; Black, $50; also $75 board for the 3 hired men; total, $425, which charge to Expense); Farm Machinery (1 Twen- tieth Century Tractor, with plows), $1,500; Alfalfa (pump and irrigating plant to water 30 acres near river), $1,200; Hogs (1 registered male, @ $1,000 and 5 registered sows, already bred, @ $300), total, $2,500; Jersey Cows (1 register- ed bull @ $1,500 and 15 fine blooded, fresh, cows @ $200), total, $4,500. (186) Credit Expense with total and charge each account as follows: Corn, breaking 50 acres @ $1; Wheat, breaking and seeding 100 acres @ $1.25, and 100 bu. seed @ $2; Oats, breaking and seeding 50 acres @ $1.25, and seed, $100; Jersey Cows, feed, etc., $20; Chickens, feed, etc., $4; Turkeys, feed, $3; Hogs, feed, $25. (187) Gordon used following for family during month: Eggs, $5; Milk, $13. Make usual entries. (188) POST TO LEDGER in usual manner. If any of the accounts are becoming crowded, rule up and transfer footings to another page. Take trial balance. (189) MAKE YOU REPORT as follows: Send in your trial balance book, and your ledger; also the following: Contract with John Schmidt and contract with Felix Hansen. Ask any questions you wish. You should now be able to make entries neatly and correctly with little assistance. seed a ed i Stat — a am at tee! - m8 ee a ee TsO AENTRN TE | ‘4 i ae Saree we CALs Do! ees NOS Ay pee alive | tl ‘em AS Sing’) eeras EL te. & ey ye 08 Combat ‘hotue eh ay ; tore 1 eta hiAly bese ie way Mahar jrovae OE i mP ida ima pines eafe fiw pata Te (hay . Oe en. 4 nll? wal, od. nelle osu plist titi bvacreroae yatlant a anit bey Pr . toatl dw shan a¢ Nitesiir@ wh band rox chorea ; At rev or tGee aati jet ag “hed bye. i. ake Ware fire ee erg ek A ia ® bleed > HS BAM EAPO |) WOd vrtn Aly, seaeqod avails ave DY Sabet yaa O82 28 wi, eR, aa) Ose iat aed Je etn spoon -94 Tit ; Ale al Hie jiddo de tehaey Ge eee, Maar cuss IW as a ‘dime . gran Barer) Gey ake death j eG? og ee tat | Me ¢ 9. naar gender private they ri mits 4 Mn SS Now iit panee a” Oph, wo PE eee gute E : Sie Hine eallaan® setthals WiMiusl Giron: OF TR Hi vrai wae tee dee bine pen jaa T. (tale & ih qu iinod 248.) AME neat ateag 20h ere hee abba ee A YALA ies tet Sea, oF Si Ti Ae Cae betes, | saat Weed’ Void eating? Cag wares) Ciaié: COIE Ty Wl@: Bie NOTDANT ie dade Pre: we PRK © adaiohe ebalqor, 0) gdh OG, Ne) tee! «yeep: head, Oe nara men my - enh eworal RL ER Te on Otek an Bea Lame - ali: Hela LONE Gr Rin eS cea) sie ait nant Zi yee, (OF FR Tie oe : ; Gad i°' 9" " GUase Oras [ny Tate i Cae parte eee 4) aig 5 paaT) ; Ge sabe OC) gatlead baw gurlaeel” Seale. COREY avis sin Sis die Of PhO erie CE Gateany ist yorilg a 4K wat) 28 wh bod at On ve vo an ya, i, - 4 Lert eeoe nd Rg ty haut jbatize Tess | Ao a nail ; “g Ve iy } ay? HPL Cee Wie. (ce by ae bance sere ryiok y aki 7 bigee lanes tait. At cra ony at eRe wana lin th WAAL TZ Visi : By \ aig res )evelbon? tena) bie We hits a qinkanaget lls | 1 avalide 4 Piev7 ean al ae “Raa an THO WON Tana one poe ! ie war a el rae palteynio. al. eda vigpal: om - Le. Hi sad a ay nn 1 eh: Ry Ve er > _ se as FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 34 Lesson No. 17. Dec. 31, 1918. (190) Total cash recd. for month: Milk, $405; Eggs, $50; Peanuts, sold for seed at fancy price, $350; Turkeys, 1,000 Ibs. @ 30c. (191) Total cash paid out for month: Expense, salaries and board, $425; Chickens (2 fine blooded roosters @ $20 each, and 20 fine hens @ $5), total $140; Farm Machinery (gas for tractor, repairs, etc.), $18; Buildings and Fix- tures, paint for houses, fences, etc., $250; Jersey Cows, feed, $100. (192) Credit expense with total and charge each account as follows: Labor in painting houses, fences, etc., $100, which charge to Buildings and Fixtures; Corn, breaking 150 acres @ $1; Produce, breaking 50 acres @ $1; Cotton, breaking 100 acres @ $1; Jersey Cows (labor in milking, etc., $30; Hogs, corn fed them, etc., $150; Chickens, feed, $8; Turkeys, feed, $10. (193) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $8, and chick- ens eaten, $6; Turkeys eaten, $11; Milk, $12; Produce, potatoes, etc., $4. (194) Gordon makes a contract with the Kingsburg Creamery Co. to sell them 1,350 gallons of milk each month @ 30c per gallon. The creamery is to send to the farm for milk each morning at 9 o’clock. Write this contract. It is very simple, and you should have no trouble in writing it. (195) Post to ledger and take trial balance. (196) Make your report on Lesson 17 as follows: On separate sheets of paper, send in copy of your journal for December, and your trial balance for December. Also send in the contract with the Creamery, for approval. 7 “ igns | ; Ni a: teh CAR, | pres case coh nee ee teab@ yeod ina colsnten hanged tiie vet ine Bee ee ated het lager 142 Uh art selh Ge hae teas tia, o AME SCA babomle pat La ao oC 07a eeelb eS Ate 1 ARs ptiegey anton: wt mpi Ponitondl: wat 008 : SC1W Se.) zwald -oromal 20862 che) aap arene wh | ae 7 : wartect iowelint 26 inbaece aces Qld’ iba a Fetay cis anaes sig , ’mActast bae mioeiies, ot ara, don JRE Po Reon | were 2 2 ee sore 1% 0) aeipe Re ynttwend combos 112 i eres, BRE arissond ie aoa += 00 ops cotdiien a!) yertall peel). eeted ie OD ear OGD gilda’ ae he ae pH ye (AP bot’, eeedetr) TE te vrteat: bak ody baw 22 ee ye. dow sarcy vabeniio® becQowibael apptto, eee ds enim wot Fe ae Col eee oovmeaF, ag one ad. a ei ‘ giue-eal @er iite, mario «ese nee he ” i Sees et rity Vrs ate Peta: eenee Sie Bas enolleg Oe abe - Sand ney zak) xh coolio it gener ise Gti ce och ee Gs ‘beter er 7 Tee ee | i siet then wor tan sami yet a . cubated lise sds Ok ek vel it betas epee ‘oa le elie tp eles 14 golly dn “2 ceed live Tues, tee Bee nnd mat. Ws velse delet toe 668 ory tide! ge Revel sou Te ego At heme rena : wivetegt: tat eset? suit whe dgesinas aay Bone Bete ian : y FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 35 Lesson No. 18. Jan. 31, 1919. (197) Total cash recd. for month: Milk, $405; Market Eggs, $30, and ten settings from fine stock bought in December, @ $5 per setting; Hogs, 40 head averaging 250 Ibs. @ 10c. (198) Total cash paid out for month: Expense, salaries and board, $425; Jersey Cows (bran, cotton seed meal, etc., supply bought for three months, as feed is advancing in price), $300; Chickens, advertising sale of eggs, and crates for shipping, $7.50; Farm Machinery, gas for tractor, etc., $15; Wagons and Trucks, bill paid for two months, including tires, $80; Hogs, shipping charges, $82.50. (199) Expense credited and each account charged: Chickens, feed, $12; Hogs, feed, $150; Jersey Cows, labor, $30; Turkeys, feed, $3; Corn, harrowing 200 acres @ 25c; Cane, breaking 25 acres @ $1; Feterita, breaking 10 acres @ $1; Sudan Grass, breaking 10 acres @ $1; Peanuts, breaking 25 acres @ $1; Buildings and Fixtures, painting, repairing fences, etc., $150; Produce, hauling manure and straw, $50. (200) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $7; Milk, $13; Hogs (1,500 Ibs. butchered @ 10c), $150. (201) Stock grazed on wheat during month. Charge as follows: Jersey Cows, $50; Hogs, $40; Expense (horses and mules grazing), $50. Credit wheat for entire amount. (202) Post to ledger and take trial balance. (203) REPORT on Lesson No. 17, the same as in December. . SA AA GOR MN OWAE- SAE LR ek a Ne ph el NET see rs “4 “~ Al AA. peered HIG? Te om , “#0 3 ‘* ee we Raiait | : tis = ‘fae. TIES) : ety 72 Py - Pek x Bit “et ‘2 voted) , SAN Sa0e 2h | bj anise p> 7 ave 2) adt (48S posite heat, OF : io » Urea bab ae dler Seo ofitom WL cao bine Ae tote) “geey 4 ve ie BE i) Sane . @@ oo Eee Gast naaidy vo Pye ABLTVO kG ANS (os > same Peay 1) tial e WOR we bess y Tis Be aay) (fry Ki aria y 708 & AUX aa ; ; bi OF) OR se err Ppp Bis ef! sane oa? 7? Laat ei a = . vie ¢ aconwan heya eadieod sling Gh Dottiheto ae GBees 4 4 » x , 4 Pa ‘ Y,, »eKeten on j i, & WHY Dg ie Wed? yore, [Gers aes 7 *, } . ‘* 4 a a ; 7 i *ida9 & 4 14 eis aad | 7; “tb aARS IS OA _ ac ") roe wv , = : ; : Nps | ey + 1 ow “ESR b=RY reiud “th e ® 2 plans i eS ear t oes #2! Dh eee Mor he baw teen yARven Geese aire? @enbsats ieee sanded tela? vot eo. RA Ce ive \er tant ay vameeen Soneaonts of tote ok DACA 2 ABE orgies : i+ + eebenw 0S ov Host Tet Te dois A062 WHR *ORS pegs teerartr we fips feud Paget, -HeSs P Ors bast ; 2 ba ee Opis ral tye bat (ter eyed cIk} y rhsz Hi aeRaom sly? tee een? SA aie cei ae] hoe s002 “a stiwA yf ooae sad CZSR. gaittetqg mt diet) ale =A iF st hive , pinoy eGuorL dit ARITA i WHOS Ue Woe : Le fhe | nr py? “sei 4 1 7) A(e) ‘yhly int wite) o2ude £¥A “ no Gundy je | Teen Lea ane iol swe yaavel 10) ‘ia. sit “Y celine: pa, we BASIS + 06.) (OFS aan OS?’ 41st aneh se hay reovau'y. a mm) dvaBnigd (ea potla? anja ep oD ANY Iwppely wie” {ett b j ish ee ii 8 Nise) Swhas 17f be Py ‘% t Bata & Daeiy ve Se) i 3c) J ite ‘ i eit “wy } (iy? Sag7 ad vers) ie, jee Ge OS pezeall AL TOTS BA tS? FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 37 Lesson No. 21. April 30, 1919. (218) Total cash recd. during month: Eggs, $20; Milk, $405; Produce, $20. (219) Total cash paid out for month: Expense, salaries and board, $425; Farm Machinery, $16; Wagons and Trucks, $10; Jersey Cows, feed, $110; Hogs, advertising in “Farm and Ranch”, and “Southland Farmer’, fine pigs for sale, $15; Feterita, seed, $10; Cotton, seed, $100. (220) Write an ad for each of the above papers, and send in to your teacher. You will find form for this advertising herewith. Study this ad until you can write one as good from memory. Also write letter to each of the above papers, enclosing the ad and check for $7.50 to pay for same. You will find model for this letter on page 38. All this should be enclosed with your monthly report. (221) Credit Expense for total and charge each account for the proper amount: Corn, plowing 100 acres @ 50c; Cotton, planting 100 acres @ $1; Produce, labor in planting and cultivating, $75; Feterita, planting, $10; Peanuts, planting 25 acres, etc., $50; Jersey Cows, labor, $30; Alfalfa, weeding same, $25; Chickens, feed, $8; Turkeys, feed, $3; Hogs, feed, $20. (222) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $4; milk, $12; Produce, vegetables, $10. (223) Post to ledger and take trial balance. (224) MAKE REPORT as follows: Send in report same as last month, and do not forget to send copies of the two advertisements and the two letters. The Farm and Ranch is published at Dallas, Texas; the Southland Farmer at Houston, Texas. a OMMATAAOUA KOKA ee ee ee ee Sf ee overeat ae sly ae = asihuel 2082 MOGs ase raion yaad chesgly: — tale” ics Lys 20h trim! Gan estabes gaontany fires « wey te adgiy Hate tute pure) # egal (U1 )% host oword @aated “OLR yrs or? See sepals oten ieee alee Aloe wT 0 eaten) Boelstie oe “Yoru? aan niet 65 yirteicrsutia 7 a NEE Boy GOh)i.) oe aoe wri ape (Abbie, _ pst way Re ov bane Oia 22809 Onedeods 16 gael be ee a Weta ~ ie nad Bay fran \e vvit vien@ Ad gored Sobeioeia sity sol mvt fall Nie wo eseran ch! sat jo does ui Micl aThw MIA oom ‘tore rig fa wari site sa) eho Weak ne oe € Antea sat Vag ob Ue. TE ob) aserts Die Ce sey Batantoiy, © Hedas iingitr jay dyin t wae sa Siporis ait (TA #6 tat ao = gt aia ns mujra, ade tot naogot doe opis Rnd letot sat stesqyil, bs) “UUSS) EG eorae WY Gatinaly ceo a eer OU) garwoly ory) rovbretgene Himheta ths paitgalq tip 478, snieevittes bok galraaly abode! satan om * omee gyibecw attalty “cee Wedel awa? wteel UNE oy aari ee-eaiteeion ea tow Syeikt be soawte pe dnr C 28d be) anode ae Bia Mie af cae SRO ROIS ryt 7 hoe ier enyesy sin hintaan. Hertel wate | Tata as frees LA TEA ied i ames | “iam v that it} ip’ ay i wing! "le 3$) SIWGb *h _ a oe tear) Ae ‘c a 7 - . \ ; , : $7 0 “err Tae | (aban. Did nwt st wate) elle copie ie. a angealit: )S.tndah fie 7 . ar hy ge 1 ead 4 ? : a, a eh aise ieF esi bord ond. és rt: dane N Tear tatiae hye, sas 3 Sith ne iw Pea wep wee bayniseny i aul pat f griwenty Hab ; rah it / . hl 1 7A, oe eatry ws aft - WO}, +) ‘ At a “yet is ate fai anoigih’, nag)* sant Sak PLit: | if i cm oi OU ee FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 39 Lesson No. 22. May 31, 1919. (225) Total cash recd. for month: Eggs, $20; Milk, $405; Produce, $325; (produce includes potatoes, beans, beets, cucumbers, etc.); Hogs, sold 20 pure blooded pigs @ $40 each and 25 pigs from $1,000 male, mothers not pure breds, @ $25 each, total, $1,425. (226) Total cash paid out for month: Expense, salaries and board, $425; Cotton, labor in cultivation, $100; Jersey Cows, feed, $100; Hogs, crates for shipping pigs, $43; Wagons and Trucks, gas, etc., $8; Farm Machinery, repairs, etc., $14; Alfalfa, gas and oil for pumping, $9; Expense, bought grain for feed, etc., $125. (227) Credit Expense with total and charge each account for proper amount: Corn, plowing 200 acres @ $50c; Cotton, plowing 100 acres twice, @ 50c each time; Sudan Grass, plowing twice, $10; Jersey Cows, labor, $30; Cane, plowing drilled cane, and pulling weeds from sowed cane, $25; Feterita, plowing etc., $8; Froduce, labor, etc., $100; Alfalfa, labor in watering, etc., $15; Chick- ens, $8; Turkeys, $5; Hogs, $20. (228) Credit Produce for the total and charge each item for the proper amount: Jersey Cows, $30; Hogs, $30. (229) Gordon’s family used following for month: Eggs, $4; Milk, $12; Produce, $30. (230) Post and take trial balance. How much cash have you on hand, and where is it? (231) MAKE REPORT as follows: Send teacher your ledger, journal and trial balance books, in neat and accurate condition. wre 52a siiiny, i i. - S Oe ee ee i foal bed eee MS ee eS attr neh has lve oe equkl (Gale etitapp als aed railed ertescg ceidiont: Y lg fede steel pGery nl 7 CON, big! Ayr a AS "pith meny One *igigte | | xtc onan aS Ure ace eutlelee (seeped, |, Seay Rl, tie Big obey Two per en) anak he biter’ eee Wwe Airaahting of edad) seldsat uel 9A aly ieag intone? fel) gueme ee Bee YHA clorp like ld @dirtetl (0% gviaing | mo) M0 ae wilelth < O0e at | SIT 2 wie avert Rinl wy sgh he ler tte wee Be ry oe ‘SH cones deg (HN an eats Nitin y rage rs) fate Ge ani wotd’ TOD) 23 sal ORR naried wats > voted 1S 29 a ee otbyd} eat aa Sy batty .a(pesie® (2t2 ero lh AP ni eis pit tire Bae eae 3. We raat oer a} me ceo WIR =o anda went aD ythe ; ot ek the aeuhy Tt De eee 7 ; = . ec 5 ei - fe ie ini sit Wb Th sli eo THe, (ens) } CK col "sated, eau, inet fof ana ; ri dit YW otylomeul. Sec Hanes g ea (eeu f ME Habre une ‘7 & pay, rf? Qs aj | a ouertlad ANF Je Ry jah inher irl. etgtnd Vu Aslonal Vrok® eerie TRH sto NE “etesy oi ) wwlibtes. stedas hun Maire sie voniak ee Hi" FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 40 Lesson No. 23. June 30, 1919. (232) Total cash recd. for month: Eggs, $20; Milk, $405; Produce, $350. (233) Total cash paid out for month: Expense, salaries and board, $425; Cotton, labor in cultivation, $50; Jersey Cows, feed, $60; Alfalfa, gas and oil for pumping, $9; Jersey Cows, ice for two months, for refrigerator, $20. (234) Credit Expense with total and charge the accounts separately for proper amounts: Corn, plowing, $100; Cotton, labor, etc., $200; Produce, labor, etc., $75; Sudan Grass, plowing, $10; Cane, plowing, $10; Peanuts, plowing, etc., $10; Chickens, feed, $8; Turkeys, feed, $5; Hogs, feed, $15; Alfalfa, labor in watering, etc., $15; Jersey Cows, labor, $30. (235) Credit Oats with $75, green oats fed cows. Charge Jersey Cows for this amount. These oats were cut from around the “turning row”, and were placed in the barn for two months feed. (236) Sold O. B. Wilson 5 full blooded pigs @ $40 each. Mr. Wilson is a neighboring farmer, whose note is good. He gave a three month’s note for the above amount, with 8% interest. Write out this note. Make following entry on journal: Notes Receivable debited $200; and Hogs credited $200. When you post to the ledger, you must open an account with ‘‘Notes Receiva- ble’, in the same manner that you did in Nov. 1917 with “Notes Payable”, (237) Charge Hogs with produce fed them to amount of $60. Charge Jersey Cows with produce fed them to amount of $30; credit Produce for total. (238) Gordon's family used following during month: Eggs, $4; Milk, $12; Produce, $25. 7 (239) Post and take trial balance. (240) MAKE REPORT as follows: Send in usual report to teacher, and also the note received from O. B. Wilson for the hogs. ~ i a re é . $104 al + 4 on a ‘ ad 4 } at 7 a) id av —— bint othe WE 008 Geek Weatal Sree dees Ie (Sher o £2 a7 nel > AJOL i aniely wars ucpitad tone wh Bud 44 ings “als f tess =f] ieee at uw ret a he Mra Hh todnt as A réioveiaar 4" wllined gat coh rg (awed then), 3 HRP aay pi ee v4 eit i. < - i jhe ad Treo ict rere HHlgere'3 (eet “i eC Ge.) 507M asieny anh “ei ay ' fie ee ; iwe? hen 2 thee (ese ia ‘ =e) bs Ct NA TALS : an i > Sesbacnet dD. He gs hg i . € wt Y (te ee 2 plete eee . djle Hed tikath ieee “ 4 J > -— M ante { rey dic grat were Py) soe iam r LE rt ae PINES SS. Ai SG fey ore alg vie ; ely : A AD aiek: 3a5) 5. ay 42 : me iY y ie 4 rot Zier & tage Ws gait mat ; h wie IAldie: avgry air mw oe t “ud? “1 > ae, Tt ata Aeligne. 7 (vite thin 4 ru (ona all? oy fey, Us inet we 7 at bes had \ fee ey? She ’ ; a a sie ewetl ealar 105) fh ae él ¢ talbt * (ae5 Ree : a = ry j -- a 25% sau Ons +¢ ‘ : Pa lott Caal rie feet ah bia ie (MERE: _ ce nllitioe CAIAR WHAM GREE . t ston ale ong FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 41 Lesson No. 24. July 31, 1919. (241) Total cash recd. for month: Eggs, $20; Milk, $405; Produce (melons etc.), $800. (242) Total cash paid out for month: Expense, salaries and board, $425; Cotton, labor in cultivation, $50; Corn (saving top fodder, $100; planting pumpkins and peas in corn field, together with seed, $30), total $130; Alfalfa, gas and oil for pumping, $16; Oats (twine, expense of cutting, sacks, threshing, etc., of 2,500 bu.), $250; Wheat (twine, sacks, and general harvesting costs of 2,000 bu.), $300; Wagons and Trucks, 2 months, $50; Farm Machinery, $35; Jersey Cows, feed, $50. (243) Credit Expense with total and charge each account for proper am- ount: Corn, labor, $50; Cotton, labor, etc., $50; Produce, labor, $100; Feterita, plowing for 2 months, etc., $20; Cane, labor of cutting one crop, etc., $75; Pea- nuts, plowing, etc., $10; Sudan Grass, plowing, etc., $10; Alfalfa (cutting and baling, $75, and watering, $12), total $87; Jersey Cows, labor, $30; Oats, labor in harvesting, $100; Wheat, labor in harvesting, $150; Chickens, feed, $8; Tur- keys, $5; Hogs, $20. (244) Credit Oats with $100, sheaf oats placed in barn for feed, and charge Expense with that amount. (245) Charge Jersey Cows with $40, and Hogs with $60 produce fed them. Credit Produce for total. (246) Gordon’s family used following: Eggs, $4; Milk, $12; Produce, $30. (247) Post and take trial balance. (248) MAKE REPORT the same as usual. i ncaa parse ay Og 7) i ee niet See extracted Ad Vr el bet nee any aT, (See Fi 7 yiirerhy SOE he? abt Ai wr) Teh et rare ie Te es all : a Sty cs DE Mee? ge Yew (giite per iy dd ted ah eee whkyan a 5 Pefutahereets “> easy sii Uk tat sats ON eng } 2o7 yim flee ca shim rane \ OY ear) OS at re S eo - f fe ( “wet tne enna aE ad Neth : OE asl ste) Faery @ Fined ' ri hy ow Cela yi Sayre aitone ~ CAPR) _ s od hse es ae, Yin aut ra) ee ee ‘s)\iee. x ; art +a ay irae 9 iyi i gens Re oe sili pat prilwolq 7 intin ai ' eth <5 * all wong muaat? pane cet re gnivele 24h “a shaded tet Pay ey al ye rs acheter dna Ste octet t “ } Citi halle eae T sal rhode CORE ya iagetnel Ae J iS eneit..¢6, alee i ; 4 eo) ive) Ae ‘etic % : wraite cattle ts | we tony : = Per fides (ee ies ‘ ee wi eve) Sane Oya «(GRR pint “al sa slors"t, vidoe Pr wllh.: "i iy 2 yYeune mah, { bs a a ay Ne ; nding toi tistet ine ted) «47 a oy ie pe WL SO WED FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 42 Lesson No. 25. Aug. 31, 1919. (249) Total cash recd. for month: Eggs, $25; Milk, $405; Produce, $250; Oats, 2,000 bu. @ 6214c; Wheat, 1,500 bu. @ $1.75; Cotton, 13 bales, 6,500 Ibs. 2114. (250) Total cash paid out for month: Expense, salaries and board, $425; Cotton, picking 8 bales, 12,000 Ibs. @ 75c per C, and ginning 13 bales @ $5; Alfalfa, gas and oil for pumping, $12; Jersey Cows, feed, $80, and ice for two months, $20; Wagons and Trucks, $15. (251) Credit Expense for total and charge each account with the proper amount: Jersey Cows, labor, $30; Oats, hauling, etc., $50; Wheat, hauling, etc., $40; Cotton hauling, $65; pulling cockleburrs, $19.30, and picking 5 bales, 7,500 Ibs. @ 75c; Alfalfa, labor in watering, $15; Produce, labor, $30; Sudan Grass, cutting same, etc., $40; Peanuts, plowing, $10; Feterita, cutting seed, etc., $75; Chickens, feed, $8; Turkeys (fed entirely on waste grain in fields) ; Hogs, $25. (252) Gordon’s family used following during month: Eggs, $4; Milk, $12; Produce, $14; Wheat, ground at mill for flour, $15. (253) Post to ledger and take trial balance. Are you having any trouble with your trial balances now? (254) MAKE REPORT to teacher as follows: Send in same report as usual, and be sure that you are prompt in doing so. = a FARM-RANCH BOOKKEEPING 43 Lesson No. 26. Sept. 30, 1919. (255) Total cash recd. for month: Eggs, $25; Milk, $405; Cotton, 20 bales, 10,000 Ibs. @ 20c; Notes Receivable, $200; Interest and Discount, $4. (256) Total cash paid out for month: Expense, salaries and board, $425; Cotton, picking 14 bales, 21,000 lbs. @ 80c per C, and ginning 20 bales @ $5, also bill for sacks bought in August, $25; Jersey Cows, feed, $105; Jersey Cows, advertising calves for sale, in county paper, $5; Hogs, advertising hogs and _ pigs for sale in Farm and Ranch and Southland Farmer, $8; Chickens, adver- tising chickens and eggs in above paper, $5; Wagons and Trucks, repairs, etc., $65. (257) Credit Expense for total and charge each account for proper am- ount: Jersey Cows, labor, $30; Cotton, picking 6 bales, 9,000 Ibs. @ 80c, and hauling 20 bales @ $5; Corn, gathering 4,000 bu. @ 214c per bu.; Produce, digging 1,500 bu. sweet potatoes, $125; Chickens, feed, $8; Turkeys, feed, $15; Hogs, feed, $125. (258) Gordon’s family used for month: Eggs, $4; Milk, $12; Produce, $8. (259) Post and take trial balance. (260) MAKE REPORT as usual, and also send copies of the advertisements referred to above. 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