INSTITUTIO} ILALILSNI = ‘= rer A iy = Gh if 5 ty ie eT Wi Jy ke “es wo BRARIES 4 ‘ ILA Lt ITUTION INST ILNLILSNI z | = Ate B24 w oe | 2 (qa LI RARIES SMITHSONIAN _INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI_ NVINOSH. Zz Ww 2 phe - = BQ = < 2 WES a s = \ ond 8) a Ye (@) a oO z a Ps NVINOSHIINS (Salavadi1 LIBRARIES _ SMITHSO , S) — a Ss . — w =e Z Ya. 5 2 : E \x SS ee sa ir Gp \ WY be oe -, & Salsvaelt SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION ILSNI NWINOSH NVINOSHLINS INSTITUTION, NOILALILSNI Z 2 z SF a = 4) z = o y o INN < eG 4 2 WY 8 be he 2 SN SE ae NVNOSHLINS S31YVYGIT_ LIBRARIES SMITHSO Liu = =< WwW ; a = - 4 see el < a Cc oc ao = mM. = oO = ot ma =a SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSH JE Yi c = z Es “oO eat Be = eA ZY = - 3 i, ze c a “Yl i = m =e w NVINOSHLINS S31UVYGIT_ LIBRARIES SMITHSO = =< Ks = =e ae ane ae 8 ZY ERR > = \. > ie 7p) = SMITHSONIAN SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSH ASON, D> 44> SYM “y Ss ree = fr ARIES ie S\ YQ ARIES \ LILSNI —~ nstS i eles es elias Ses ; Une: he © ee ae sn ‘img ana wart dive Pas it.) Cae FIGURES OF MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS, SELECTED FROM VARIOUS AUTHORS. ETCHED FOR THE USE OF STUDENTS, BY lease Z ey Mtl cK Mole MARIA EMMA GRAY." VOL. I. PLATE? TO) 78: 230125 LONDON: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN AND LONGMANS, PATERNOSTER ROW. 1859. PRINTED BY TAYLOR AND FRANCIS, 7 , RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET. . A Add Ete masa cA i te } ’ ten ; } ; VARA PE 4y v : ; ' niin? UN BAKROLT ALY eat APT iat. ; ae ee Ae aw ui ‘ wi » oa ri Ota ‘ 7 Ae Ae NOTICE AFTER CAREFUL EXAMINATION OF THE INNER MARGIN AND TYPE OF MATERIAL WE HAVE SEWN THIS VOLUME BY HAND SO IT CAN BE MORE EASILY OPENED AND READ. = PREFACE, Tue tracings from which these Etchings of Molluscous Animals have been taken, were originally made by Mrs. Gray, for my use, with the view of their being added to my collection of figures of Shells, and to aid me in their arrangement. Hoping that others may find such a col- lection of figures (many of them copied from expensive works, and brought together from sources not easily access- ible to Conchologists in general) as useful as they have been to myself, I induced Mrs. Gray to make slight etchings of them, which afforded her an interesting occu- pation when she has been confined to the house by ill health. Some of the earlier figures, it should be stated, were taken from tracings made with no intention of their being copied, and intended only to represent the leading features of the original ; and this circumstance will explain why, in a few instances, the etchings do not convey all the charac- ters of the original figure. As the present work has been a labour of love, in order to bring it within the reach of Conchologists of lv limited means, it is published at the cost of paper and printing. The three volumes of plates now published com- plete the series of Gasteropodous and Pteropodous Mol- lusca. They form, I believe, the largest number of figures of the species of these animals that has hitherto been brought together in one work. The explanations of the plates have been formed into a separate volume, for the purpose of more easy con- sultation ; and to carry out this view, the references to the plates forming the first volume of the series have been reprinted. To this part of the work has been added a systematic distribution of the species figured, with the characters of the orders, families, and their subdivisions, and a list of the genera of Mollusca and their syno- nyma, originally printed in the Proceedings of the Zoolo- sical Society for 1847. The series of plates containing the Conchiferous Mollusca is in hand, and will be published at a future period. JOHN EDWARD GRAY. Britisn Museum, February 12, 1850. —~KSSs SS Cr ara = * eles 2) FESS SS aes LAN S'G2O Gr EK co ee At ‘ ta eee Pr) Wi) Aba va q ek 32. : es i a K ss mn \ \ im Pe AN Tage nb PVR dey ' Pie aio — a) ~ ~ _- a ae ee Sat, iy 5 TORY it ibd 2 TH) is Od iy) os tee wy ZX? Ks Ss SS Sh SONS Jy SS AS > SS CESS SS \\ A AAY\\\\ ARNG SS S= S —— . SS ; : SNS WANES Sy . i i. ae = i 5 Se te ¢ tan hae 5 ‘ ! a eure tee i ae Gap UU, aN CSS SS eh i ita) are A @ ?* as =} 70 Teeny, I b, ‘ » . 5. , D Be. AL ¥ ) 3 byrtteat i ; Fae ' 2 ain By lty Gh Coes } a AWG hist ae Sa / ee DE Dy OR ; i (ie f are, ‘ i; Me y ‘ i) By 1) oF Ti b, Lo, / ent a a be eke ie UN WANT coda \\ \\\ ia atc yi NS \\\ AKAN = ‘ Nt es \\ A ‘ aN woos ¥ SAN \ AN yy RAY Anbeenn \ i \\ NaN i) Cite aun tig. iN ANNE had a ‘ re. ts Ar a ty : bid a ate Pry 8 ra! te , rw ar prete: ow a ge AY “ ys ; - SS 7 “ - % e « "= 2 £ a iy f = Aiptd ad epg Ore! ry rie , 5 a! i SEY, ht DET he ras iy Ne te 4 7 Be Ne bee) 145 ive tw Tab.63. a Tob, B4. ie oes TORT Rak GS er esa be prey nrene EIA EERE IEL IE EP t 7 i rae A, i yy! i Al: *) Wee i 1 é Ne te 74 Waived ie Fie, dae — DAIS Wwe YS ~ WN iy GNSS Ss Oa AAA SRS TAS AAS SAA WA AES SSSR Miner Wis TTR # is S RS Ss Ses Hip ee Midlde Wi — KLUM ee a a ley x yas ae = Alt ASP pg IPD Ct LI IE \ Sow Need hid te eo at a fi, fa WS Ge 3 AL ELI RO 4 WY = = WY, = - = ) E = tip m ot m ”) fa w < n Ta wo INOSHLINS S3IYVYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN wn = oe ” Zz o = = @. = < E 5 z= WS 5 = = ct. Oo ENG AS x= Oo ao g BRR 8 g @ 2 SO ae = 2 > = > = > = 72) bd — w ay 2 Sa1uvugi ITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLIWS OLIN LILSNI OILALILSNI Vis IBRARIES OILNLILSNI IBRARIES - Yiy pa y eX heal, e \ y 4 Ly We m ON ey e sy, m ~ oe SS —_ —_ 22) . Seal NVINOSHLINS S3IYWYEIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIO z Ed i ae = ox z = 2 aS = QS a] as 9 CYR =z O WK 4 n wy 2 W a 1B a X ‘ : 2 E WO 2 z N \N Seer. = - f) : SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILALILSNI RYINOSHLINS | 53 1YVved! a > z x, u Ww Ne WwW : es “ 2 = vg — ac = AX Re <> S Be = WH < vad cc OW Sa) 2 SN 4 i aa a Zz oe _NVINOSHLINS S31Y¥VudIT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN _INSTITUTIC 7 zZ c ase ia D = wo == w : : s 5 LEY? 2 = 2 — OY ki 2 : b : atti n = s = 7) SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLIWS 2) PH he Ww mee w : =e = < = s\n i 2: : 2) rT WANE 6 res O Z Ee \S Zz. E = 3 Se te s : _NVINOSHLINS Saluvualy LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIO ae a 23 By ts Ww ra Ww & al a = a pies 4 _« 4 | 5 MASS oc Cc = c 3 SW 2 2 — 5 Z Et = a, 2 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILNLILSNI NVINOSHLINS S31u¥Vvud 3 a z iS ie z =) ‘Ww o w Kx 12) = ion = > OY \G ae j > =) > \\ : = Es = _ ™ = r= a '\ re , m ne m C2 cs w — w . aa NVINOSHLINS S31YVYdE!IT LIBRARIES SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIC = w =z ae 72) rae * < = = = = ra 4 wl fg = ~ z ae Aas NEIOKE = < “iy = 2 = a > | a _ 2 a . Salyvud SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION NOILONLILSNI NWINOSHLIWS IES LIBRARIES NOILNLILSNI Y, le: LIBRARIES NOILNLILSNI ih]. \. adel ade Ue A le ie | TI DNDOADI Ca CaAAITLCHAIIAANL mIICTITIITISC