NOAA TR NMFS CIRC-375 A UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PUBLICATION NOAA Technical Report NMFS CIRC-375 V U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Marine Biologicsl La' LIBRARY NOV 1 6 1973 Woods Hol«, Mass. New Polychaeta from Beaufort, with a Key to All Species Recorded from North Carolina JOHN H. DAY SEAHLE, WA JULY 1973 NOAA TECHNICAL REPORTS National Marine Fisheries Service, Circulars The major responsibilities of the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are to monitor and assess the abundance and geographic distribution of fishery resources, to understand and predict fluctuations in the quan- tity and distribution of these resources, and to establish levels for optimum use of the resources. NMFS is also charged with the development and implementation of policies for managing national fishing grounds, develop- ment and enforcement of domestic fisheries regulations, surveillance of foreign fishing off United States coastal waters, and the development and enforcement of international fishery agreements and policies. NMFS also assists the fishing industry through marketing service and economic analysis programs, and mortgage insurance and vessel construction subsidies. It collects, analyses, and publishes statistics on various pha.ses of the industry. The NOAA Technical Report NMFS CIRC series continues a series that has been in existence since 1941. The Circulars are technical publications of general interest intended to aid conservation and management. Publica- tions that review in considerable detail and at a high technical level certain broad areas of research appear in this series. Technical papers originating in economics studies and from management investigations appear in the Circular series. NOAA Technical Reports NMFS CIRC are available free in limited numbers to governmental agencies, both Federal and State. They are also available in exchange for other scientific and technical publications in the ma- rine sciences. Individual copies may be obtained (unless otherwise noted) from NOAA Publications Section, Rock- ville, Md. 20852. Recent Circulars are : 315. SjTiopsis of biological data on the chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum) 1792. By Rich- ard G. Bakkala. March 1970, iii + 89 pp., 15 figs., 51 tables. 319. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Great Lakes Fishery Laboratory, Ann Arbor, Michigan. By Bureau of Commercial Fisheries. March 1970, 8 pp., 7 figs. 330. EASTROPAC Atlas: Vols. 4, 2. Catalog No. 1 49.4:330/ (vol.) 11 vols. ($4.75 each). Avail- able from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402. 331. Guidelines for the processing of hot-smoked chub. By H. L. Seagran, J. T. Graikoski, and J. A. Emerson. January 1970, iv + 23 pp., 8 figs., 2 tables. 332. Pacific hake. (12 articles by 20 authors.) March 1970, iii 4- 152 pp., 72 figs., 47 tables. 333. Recommended practices for vessel sanitation and fish handling. By Edgar W. Bowman and Alfred Larsen. March 1970, iv -|- 27 pp., 6 figs. 335. Progress report of the Bureau of Commerpial Fisheries Center for Estuarine and Menhaden Research, Pesticide Field Station, Gulf Breeze, Fla., fiscal year 1969. By the Laboratory staff. August 1970, iii + 33 pp., 29 figs., 12 tables. 336. The northern fur seal. By Ralph C. Baker, Ford Wilke, and C. Howard Baltzo. April 1970, iii + 19 pp., 13 figs. 337. Program of Division of Economic Research, Bureau of Commerecial Fisheries, fiscal year 1969. By Division of Economic Research. April 1970, iii -I- 29 pp., 12 figs., 7 tables. 338. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Lab- oratory, Auke Bay, Alaska. By Bureau of Com- mercial Fisheries. June 1970, 8 pp., 6 figs. 339. Salmon research at Ice Harbor Dam. By Wesley J. Ebel. April 1970, 6 pp., 4 figs. 340. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Technological Laboratory, Gloucester, Massachusetts. By Bu- reau of Commercial Fisheries. June 1970, 8 pp., 8 figs. 341. Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory, Beaufort, N.C., for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1968. By the Lab- oratory staff. August 1970, iii -f- 24 pp., 11 figs., 16 tables. 342. Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory, St. Petersburg Beach, Florida, fiscal year 1969. By the Laboratory staff. August 1970, iii + 22 pp.," 20 figs.. 8 tables. 343. Report of the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Biological Laboratory, Galveston, Texas, fiscal year 1969. By the Laboratory staff. August 1970, iii -I- 39 pp., 28 figs., 9 tables. 344. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries Tropical Atlan- tic Biological Laboratory progress in research 1965-69, Miami, Florida." By Ann Weeks. Oc- tober 1970, iv -I- 65 pp., 53 figs. 346. Sportsman's guide to handling, smoking, and pre- serving Great Lakes coho salmon. By Shearon Dudley, J. T. Graikoski, H. L. Seagran, and Paul M. Earl. September 1970, iii + 28 pp., 15 figs. 347. Synopsis of biological data on Pacific ocean perch, Sebnstodes alutus. By Richard L. Major and Herbert H. Shippen. December 1970, iii -|- 38 pp., 31 figs., 11 tables. Continued on inside back cover. .^VT ftTMOSp^^. Nonn "'""-^^^^^^ U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Peter G. Peterson, Secretary NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION Robert M. White, Administrator NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES sER\licE Laboratory LIBRARY NOV 1 6 1973 Woods Hole, Mass. NOAA Technical Report NMFS CIRC-375 New Polychaeta from Beaufort, with a Key to All Species Recorded from North Carolina JOHN H. DAY SEATTLE, WA JULY 1973 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Govenimt-nt Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20-402 • SI. 25 The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, rec- ommend or endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned in this publication. Xo reference shall be made to XMFS, or to this publication furnished by NMFS, in any advertising or sales pro- motion which would indicate or imply that XMFS approves, recommends or endorses any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned herein, or which has as its purpose an intent to cause directly or indirectly the advertised product to be used or purchased because of this XMFS publication. CONTENTS Page Introduction 1 Family Aphroditidae 4 Key to genera and sjjecies 4 Ldctnidiiicc filiroi-iiis Kinberg, 1855 4 Ajili )'(i(Iitii sp 4 Aph )■()(/( II ill s]i 4 Family Polynoidae 4 Key to genera and species 4 Dricschia pclliicida Moore, li)0:} 6 Lepidoiiotiis siihlcris Verrill, IST.i 6 Li'pidiiiKitiis foridhilis Webster, 1879 6 Lcpiila nifti-ia com ni>'iif<(ilis Webster, 1879 6 LcpidnxtJicina .sp 6 Suhadytc pvUncida (Ehlers, 1864) 6 AiitiiKK'lla sarsi (Malmgren, 1865) 7 Harmathoe ( H( riiiadidii ) (icdiiclhu (Verrill, 1881) 7 Gattijdiia cin-dsd (Pallas, 1766) 7 HaniKitlidc inihricatd (Linnaeus, 1767) 7 Hdrnidthof aciilcufd Andrews, 1891 7 Harnidtlidc trinidcnldtd (Treadwell, 1924) 7 HdriHdthdv sp. A 7 HdrDiothdc sp. B 9 Family Poiyodontidae 9 Key to genera and species 9 Poljjdddiitts liipiiid (Stim])son, 1856) 9 Eupdntlialis kiiilii )■(/! (Mcintosh, 1876) 9 Family Sigalionidae 10 Key to genera and .species 10 Pholdf DiiiiKfd (Fabricius, 1780) 10 Sigalidii dvoiicdld Verrill, 1879 10 L< diiivd hjistficis Ehlers, 1874 11 Ps(U)utiidijcv ctciiiddplidrd new species 11 Sthciielais boa (Johnston, 18;W) 12 Sthciielais limicola (Ehlers, 1864) 12 Stheiielais sp 12 Sthoicldis aiidciila new species 12 Family Palmyridae 14 Key to genera and species 14 Blia irai/ia goodei Web.ster, 1884 14 PdlecDiotus heteroscta Hartman, 1945 14 Family Pisionidae 14 Pixidiiv rvniotd (Southern, 1914) 14 Family Amphinomidae 15 Key to genera and species 15 Clihicitt viridis Schmarda, 1861 15 Hipponoe gaudichaiuli Audouin and Milne-Edwards, 1830 16 Amphinome rostrata (Pallas, 1776) 16 Paramphinome pulchella (Sar.s, 1872) 16 Pseudeurythoe ambigua (Monro, 1933) 16 iii Family Phyllodocidae 16 Key to genera and species 16 Liigia ivrira Uschai<()V. li)58 18 Eteone lactea Claparede. 1868 19 Eteoue heteropoda Hartman, 1951 19 Protnniystidrs bldenlata Langerlians, 1879 19 Hesio)ium elo)igata (Soutiiern, 1914) 19 Eiilalia (Ptc)-firirrHs) n/ncroro-os Grube, 1860 20 Eiilnllo (Einnidu ) sanf/idiwa (Oersted, 1843) 20 Exialia biUiieuta (Johnston, 1840) 20 Eiilalia riridifi (Linnaeus, 1767) 20 Paimiaifis kosfciioisis (Malmgren, 1867) 20 f'lnvnaitis apecioxa (Webster, 1880) 22 Pliilllodocc (Ncrcipln/llajfrai/ilis Webster, 1879 22 Plii/llodocc (Gcuctijllix) rantaiira (Marenzeller. 1879) 22 Pliilllodocc (Aiialtidcs) tmicosa Oersted, 1843 22 Plii/llodocc ( AiKiilidcs) f/i-niiilaiidica Oersted, 1848 22 Plii/llodocc (Aiiaitidcs) l()Hf/ij)cs Kinberg, 1866 2'-> Phijllodocc (Aiiiiitidcs) niadcirciisis Langerhans, 1880 2."> Phijllndocc (Aiiiiitidcs) (irciKic Webster. 1880 23 Pln/llndocc ( AiKiitidcs) paiianiciisis Treadwell, 1917 24 Family Pilargidae 24 Key to genera and species 24 Siganihra hassi ( Hai'tman. 1945) 24 Si/iii Iniis ulhiiii (Langerhans, 1881) 24 Family Hesionidae 25 Key to genera and species 25 Gjiptis riitutii Webster and Benedict, 1887 25 Opliindroniiis i)l)sciiriis (Verrill, 1873) 25 Ncrimi/ra punctata (Miiller, 1776) 25 ParaliisioiK lutrola (Webster, 1880) 25 Family Syllidae 26 Key to gent'ra and sjiecies 26 Tyj/jiiiiii'si/llla zchra (Grube, 1860) 28 SilUii< (Hapl(isnllis) spoiH/icola (Grube, 1855) 29 SuUis (jracilis (Irube, 1840 29 Sijllix ( Ijihui rhaiisia ) f( rnii/iiia Langerhans, 1881 29 Sjillis ( Laiii/crliaiisia ) coniiila Rathke, 1843 29 S!iUi^(T!ipoi!i(>ii( i/i iiniiif( ra ( Bagenstecher, 1862) 33 Exof/niic dispai' (Webster, 1879) 33 E.iogoiic vcriigcra (('lai)arede, 1868) 34 Sphao'nsi/llis foii/iita Webster, 1879 34 IV Spliaci-Dxi/llis pirifcra C'laiiarede, 1868 34 Eurysijllis tiiberciduta Ehlers, 1864 34 BrcDiia pH!pinictatiii< (Grube, 1840) 35 Aiitoh/tiis d( iitaliiii< Imajinia. 1966 35 Family Sphaerodoriiiae 36 Key to genera and species 36 EphixidJn clapandii ((iiveff, 1866) 36 Family Nereidae 36 Key to genera and species 36 L//ra.s^);j.s'/.s' poiitica (Bobretzky, 1872) 38 Ccvutocephale lovoii Malmgren, 1867 38 Lacouox'ix ciilvcri (Webster, 1879) 38 W(l)st(riii( rcis tridciitatd (Webster. 1880) 38 Ccrafoiicrein irrltablifi (Webster, 1879) 38 Ccrdtoiicrcis rcrsipKlatd Ehlers, 1887 39 Phitijiioris diniii rilii (Audnuin and Milne-Edwards. 1833) 39 Nereis (Nereis) lameHi>sii Ehlers. 1868 39 Nereis (Nereis) (jriiiii Pettibone. 1956 39 Nereis (Nereis) riisei Grube. 1856 39 Nereis (Nereis) falsa Quatrel'ages. 1865 41 Nereis (Nea)itlus) siieriiiea Frey and Leuckart, 1847 41 Nereis (Niaiitlic s) neii miiiala Ehlers, 1868 41 Family Nephtyidae 41 Key to subgenera and species of Nephiys 41 Nepliti/s (Iiieniiiniepliti/s) iiiermis Ehlers, 1887 42 Nephtys (Aglaopliannis) verrilli Mcintosh, 1885 42 Nephtys ( AyluitpJuiiii iis) cirriiiata Verrill, 1874 43 Nephtys picta Ehlers. 1868 43 Neplitys sqiiaDiDsa Ehlers, 1887 43 NepJitys iiicisa Malmgren, 1865 43 Nephtys hiieera Ehlers, 1868 43 Family Glyceridae 44 Key to genera and species 44 He))iipodiis roseiis Quatrefages, 1865 44 Glycera dibraucliiata Ehlers, 1868 45 Glycera anieiiraiia Leidy, 1855 45 Glycera papillasa Grube, 1857 45 Glycera rapitata Oersted, 1843 46 Glycera oxycephala Ehlers, 1887 46 Glycera tesselata Grube, 1863 46 Glycera asymmetrica new species 47 Family Goniadidae 47 Key to genera and species 47 Pi-(i(l<}rrillia kcfi rstcliii (Mcintosh, 1869) 64 DorrllUa nidolpiii (I)elle Chiaje, 1828) 65 Dcrrilhu soriahilis (Webster, 1879) 65 DorviUea caeca (Webster and Benedict, 1884) 65 Family Spionidae 65 Key to genera and species 65 Polj/ddi-a conntioisalis Andrews, 1891 68 Pdlychira irc/istcii Hartman, 1943 68 Poljldoni caeca (Oersted, 1843) 68 Piihjddra facialis (Schmarda. 1861) 69 Puljidova hartntaiiac Blake, 1971 69 Polj/diira c(d())iia Moore, 1907 69 Poli/doi-a teUxihraiichia Hartman, 1945 69 Polijdora liijiii Webster, 1879 69 SpiapJiaiies hninhi/.r (Claparede, 1870) 69 Spi(ij)haiies ififileiji Pettibone, 1962 6)9 ScidecdU pide^ riridix ( Verrill, 1873) ''''• Dispid iniciiiata Hartman, 1951 70 Spid cf. aniltidciilutn (Rioja, 1919) 70 Spid pi tti/idiicae Foster, 1970 70 Spid setdsa Verrill, 1873 72 •> Strcblospid hciiedicfi Webster, 187!) Parapridiidspid p'nniata (Ehlers, 1901) 72 Scolelepis sqiiaaiata (Muller, 1806) 72 Aduidcs sp '> Pfidiidspid ( Miinispid) cirrif( ra Wiren, 1883 72 Pridiiospid ( MiiHispid) cir)'r(nicliiata Day, 1961 73 Pridiiospid lieter(d)miichia Moore, 1907 73 Priditdspid day! (Foster, 1969) 73 PridHdspiofalla.f Soderstrbm, 1920 74 PfldHdspid cristata Foster, 1971 74 Prio>idspid steeiist)-iipi Malmgren, 1867 74 Microspid pi(/iiieiituta (Reish, 1959) 74 Laoiiicc ciiivta (Sars, 1851) 76 Ncrinides iiiiideiitata new sjiecies 76 Family Magelonidae 77 Key to species of Ma< (Renier, 1804) 80 MeHOchaetopterus taylori Potts, 1914 80 Family Cirratulidae 80 Key to genera and species 80 Cirrifdniiia gi'aiidls (Verrill, 1873) new combination 81 VI 1 Cirriform ia filigera (Delle Chiaje, 1828) 81 Dodecaceria corallii (Leidy, 1855) 82 Thai-yx aiunilosiis Hartman, 1965 82 Thanjx fietif/em Hartman, 1945 82 Thary.r niario)!! (Saint-Joseph, 1894) 82 Caullericlln killariensis (Southern, 1914) 82 Cliaetoz(>>i(' gaylieadia Hartman, 1965 8:^) Cliaetozoiie .st/o.s'o Malmgren, 1867 8:i Family Orbiniidae 88 Notes on the genera of the subfamily ()rl)iniinae 8:^> Generic definitions 87 Nai)ieriH Blainville, 1828 87 Orbhiia Quatrefages, 1865 87 Phylo Kinberg, 1866 87 Scvlopln^ Blainville, 1828 87 Haploscolopldx Monro, 1933 87 Califid Hartman, 1957 87 Key to genera and subgenera of Orbiniinae and the species recorded from North Carolina 88 Plu/lo t>rnatii!< (Verrill, 1873) 89 PIn/lofcli.c Kinberg, 1866 89 Orbiiiin anwricaita new species 89 Orbhiia ri.teri (Pettibone, 1957) new combination 90 Sro/op/o.s' (Sci>I(iplof<) capcusix (Day, 1961) new combination 90 ScoloploK (Scolaplos) cf. acnu'cepx Chamberlin, 1919 91 Scoloplos (ScoloplosjarDiir/rr (Miiller, 1776) 91 Scoloplos (Lcoda mas) rubra (Webster, 1879) 91 HaploscolopIosfDlios/is Hartman, 1951 91 Haploxcdloplos frof/Hin (Verrill, 1873) 91 Haploficoloplos )-iil)iisfiis (Verrill, 1873) 91 Family Paraonidae 92 Key to genera and species 92 Cirrophoi-iis Ijiriforniis (Annenkova, 1934) 92 Cin'(>plio)-iis brinirhiatiis Ehlers, 1908 9.3 Ariridca cirniti Laubier, 1967 93 Aricidcafdiircli Hartman, 1957 !):'> Aricideafrafjilis Webster, 1879 !):! Ariridca siiccica Elia.son, 1920 9;'> Aedicira albatrasftae (Pettibone, 1957) 9:> Aedicira bch/irac (Fauvel, 1936) 94 Paraoiiis gracilis (Tauber, 1879) 94 Paraoiiis fiilgci/s (Levinsen, 1883) 94 P'amily Opheliidae 94 Key to genera and species 94 Tra risid pa rra new species 95 Ophelia dcul iniluta Verrill, 1875 95 AvDxnidia iiniciilufa (Web.ster, 1884) 95 Aniiandia tigilis (Andrews, 1891) 95 Opiii liiKi cijliiidriraiidata (Hansen, 1879) 96 Family Scalibregmidae 96 Key to genera and species 96 Scalibrcgnia infiatiini Rathke, 1843 96 HjjhoscoU'.v Itingiscta Schmarda. 18G1 96 Family Arenicolidae 98 Ai'diifola crititata Stimpsoii, 1956 98 Family Capitellidae 98 Key to genera and species 98 CapiteUa capitata (Fabricius, 1780) 99 M( (li Auche)iopla.v crinita Khlers, 1887 li:} Samythella eUaso)ii new species ll.S Amage aiiricKla Malmgren, 1866 115 Aniphictcis giDuwri (Sars, 1835) 115 Ampliarete acKtifroiis Grube, 1860 115 Ampharete parvidentata new species 115 Aniphdi'ctc anicricdiKi new species 116 Family Terebellidae 116 Key to genera and species 116 TirebdUdea stroemii Sars, 1835 118 TrichobmiicJiiis glacialis Malmgren, 1866 118 Tlielepxs sctosiis (Quatrefages, 1865) 118 Amphitrite oniata (Leidy, 1855) Hi) Terebella pterochaeta Schmarda, 1861 119 Terebella lapidaria Linnaeus, 1767 119 Terebella rubra (Verrill. 1873) (Homonym) 119 Pista crhtata (Muller, 1776) 119 Piata palniala (Verrill, 1873) 119 Piiita qiiadrilobata ( Augener. 1918) 120 Loimia medusa (Savigny, 1818) 120 Loimki riridis Moore, 1903 120 Eiiopl()l>ra)iclnis saugin)ieii.'< (Verrill, 1873) 120 Lysilla alba Webster, 1879 120 Amaeaiia trilobata (Sars, 1863) 122 Aniaeaiia accraeiisis (Augener, 1918) 122 PolgcirrKS carnli)ie)i! Family Sabellidae 124 Key to genera and species 124 Branchiomma nigromaculata (Baird. 1865) 125 HypskomuH phaeotaenia (Schmarda, 1861) 125 Potamilla (Potanicthnsj spathifcnis (Ehlers, 1887) new combination 125 Potamilla reiiiformis (Leuckart, 1849) 126 Megalonima labiferinii (Ehlers, 1887) 126 Mcgalomma bioculatntn (Ehlers, 1887) 126 Sabella melauostigma Schmarda, 1861 126 Sabella microplitlialmu Verrill, 1873 127 Janmineira hilohata new species 127 ? OriopsiH sp 127 Choue uDierica iKi new species 129 F'amily Serpulidae 129 Key to genera and species 129 Filograua iniplcra Berkeley, 1828 ]:]] PoDiatoccros ainerirauiis new species 1:51 So'piila rerniinilaris grujuilosa Marenzeller, 1884 l:U Spir(>bra)iclnis giga)iteiix (Pallas, 1766) 1:'.2 Hydroidcs crurigcra Morch, 18()3 l:>2 Hi/droides parva (Treadwell, 1901) 132 Hi/droides sa)icta( cruris (Morch, 1863) 132 Htjdvoidcs diaiithns (Verrill. 187:'.) 132 Hiid r(iid( s luiclinitd ( Philip])!, 1844) l."!2 Hijd)'(iidi's protKlirida Beiietlict. 1887 llU Ml tiinrniiVm niiilt icrisfnlii (Philijiiji, 1844) 1:54 V(i-niili()j»:/s iniiniUita (Schmarila, 1861) 134 SpiriirbiK (Circci^) spirillnm Linnaeus, 1767 135 Spif(>}'hix (Jauua) cornigatiis (Montagu, 1803) 135 Literature Cited 135 F'igures Page 1. Aphfixjinia sj). a, stouter type of notoseta; b, neuroseta. (P^igure c and d omitted.) Lcpidastlniiid sj). e, slender superior neuroseta; f, inferior neuroseta. S"/"(f////( julliividu g, neuroseta. Hdrnidtliov sp A h, notoseta; i, neuroseta. Ha niiothoc sp. B j, notoseta; k, neuroseta; 1, anterior elytron. Psani undiii-i- liniidiiphinv n. sp. m, head; n, 1st ely- tron; o, 2d elytron; )), 6th elytron; q, superior falciger; r, middle falciger; s, inferior falciger; t, anterior view of parajiodium 8 2. Sthi'iiclais sp. a, anterior elytron; b, posterior elytron; c, anterior view of foot; d, simple falciger; e, pluriarticulate falciger. Sth<'}ivlais aiioc- iiUi n. sp. f, elytron; g, head; h, short-bladed falciger; i, pluriarticulate falciger; j. anterior view of foot. Pisimic irmota k, 3d foot; 1, anterior end; m, stout superior seta; n, slender superior seta; o, inferior seta. . 13 3. Pfdtdiiu/stidvs hidciitdtd a, anterior end; b, foot; c, superior view of shaft -head with blade removed; d, lateral view of shaft -head; e, infer- ior seta; f, superior seta. Ln<;id )'di'icd g, anterior end; h, foot; i, shaft- head of seta; j, seta. Hcsldinirii i Idin/dtd k, anterior end; 1. foot; m, seta. PhijlUiddvc pa ihuih iisi>: n, foot; o, shaft-head of seta; ]), anterior end . . .' 21 4. Siillls regiiUitn cdndiinir n. subsp. a, head; b, aciculum; c, posterior com- pound seta; d, superior simple seta; e, inferior simple seta; f, foot. Oddiitdsi/Uis ldii(jix(td n. sp. g, head; h, pharynx slit dorsally and flattened to show teeth; i, foot; j, seta. Pioiidsyllis cf. invf/a k, foot with longer dorsal cirrus; 1, superior .seta; m, inferior seta. Sullix (L(nif/('yliau:^i(t ) fcrnifiiiid n, posterior foot; o, inferior seta of an an- terior foot; p, inferior seta of a posterior foot; q, superior seta 31 5. Wrhsteriiifreis trideiitatd a, head; b and c, dorsal and ventral views of proboscis; d, anterior foot; e, posterior falciger; f, posterior foot of juvenile. Nereis i-iisci g and h, dorsal and ventral views of proboscis; i, anterior foot; j, notopodial falciger. Nereis laniellosa k and 1, dorsal and ventral views of proboscis; m, anterior foot; n, notopodial falci- ger; o, posterior foot. Nepliti/s (Agkidphamiis) eirciiuitd p, anterior end ; q, anterior view of foot 40 6. Hemipddiis rosens a, jaw and support (black); b, proboscideal papillae; c, posterior view of foot. Glycera asynn)ietrica n. sp. d, jaw and sup- ports (black); e, proboscideal papillae; f, posterior view of anterior foot; g, posterior view of posterior foot 46 7. Gdiiiadides caroliiiae n. sp. a, head with proboscis partly extruded; b, posterior view of anterior foot; c, posterior view of posterior foot; d, end of proboscis with jaws; e, hooked posterior notoseta; f, spiniger- ous seta; g, falcigerous seta; h, section of proboscis with papillae. XI Glyci)ide )K>rd»ia)i)ii i, anterior foot; j. posterior foot; k, acicular notoseta. Goniada teres \, proboscideal papilla; m, posterior view of anterior foot; n, posterior view of posterior foot 50 8. Rhamphobracliuini atlaiiticuni n. sp. a, lateral view of anterior end; b, posterior view of 1st foot; c, posterior view of 40th foot; d, comb-seta; e, winged capillary seta; f, tip of enlarged aciculum of 2d foot; g, pseudocompound seta of 2d foot; h, bidentate acicular seta 56 9. Lii nihriiieris enizeiisis a, anterior end; b, maxillae; c, mandibles; d, compound hook; e, simple hook; f, winged capillary seta; g, anterior view of anterior foot; h. anterior view of middle foot; i, anterior view of far posterior foot Gl 10. Pdlydora caeca a, enlarged hook of setiger 5; b, winged capillaiy seta; c. posterior notopodial spine; d, hooded hook. Spiaphaiie.s irir/h i/i e, tridentate hooded hook from setiger Hi; f, bidentate hooded hook from a posterior foot; Pridimspio cirrohrinicliiata g, anterior end; h, 8th foot; j, 40th foot; k, hooded hook. Priimospio daiji 1, anterior end; m. hooded hook; n, 5th foot with 4th gill; o, posterior foot; Mio-ospio pigmeiitata p, dorsal view of anterior end; q, ventral view of anterior end; r, anterior view of 8th foot; s, anterior view of posterior foot; t, hooded hook 71 11. Slpitt pc tti/)<)ii('(U' a and b, dorsal and ventral view of anterior end; c. anterior view of anterior foot; d. hooded hook. Neriiiides iniidciitata n. sp. e, anterior end; f, anterior view of 6th foot; g, anterior view t)f 18th foot; h, inferior sabre seta; j, hooded hook. Mafplima jxipiUi- canris k, head; 1, anterior view of 6th foot; m, anterior view of abdomi- nal foot; n, special seta from setiger 9; o and p, face view and i)rofile of abdominal hook. Mar/cloiia plnjsilldc q, head; r, anterior view of 6th foot; s, anterior view of abdominal foot; t, setae from setiger 9; u and v, face view and profile of abdominal hook. Manchiiia sp. w, head; x, anterior \iew of 5th foot; y, anterior \iew of alxlnminal foot: z, face view of abdominal hook 75 12. Dddecacevia corallii a, anterior end; b, spoon-shaped hook. Orhinia anicricaiia n. sp. c, anterior end; d. posterior view of 10th foot; e, thoracic hook; f, flail-seta from abdominal neuropodium; g, 6th ab- dominal foot. Orl>iiiia )'ise)'i h, anterior end; i, posterior view of 18th foot; j, thoracic hook; k, flail-seta from abdominal neuropodium: 1. posterior abdominal foot. Scoloplos capoisis m, anterior end; n. posterior view of 10th th(n-acic foot; o, thoracic hook; p, flail-seta from abdominal neuropodium; q, 5th abdominal foot 85 K3. Aricidea faiireli a, specialized posterior neuroseta. Aricidea cerrntii b, specialized postericn- neuroseta. Cirvoplioriis bnnicluatus c, special- ized notoseta; Trarisla parra n. sp. d, anterior segment; e, two pos- terior segments; f, lateral view of binly. Opiieluia cijl'Didricaudata g. posterior end. Hiihoscole.r hnif/isefa h, head; i, parapodium. L(i()- clnide.s jxtllidinr j and k, face view and profile of hook. Xatoniastus ameiicaiiHs n. sp. 1, cross-section of abdominal segment; ni and n. face view and profile of hook 97 14. Nicomaclie trispiiKtta a, posterior end. Asi/chis cariiliiiae n. sp. b. head; c. posterior end; d. hook from setiger 2; e and f, profile and face view of posterior hook. I'licniso (hh i:si n. sp. g, lateral view of entire worm; h, lateral view of 8th segment showing papillae; i. neuropodial hook from middle segment ; j, elongated luniropodial hook from setiger 4 . . . 10(5 15. I>:(>ld(t piilrhclhi a, lateral view of anterior end; b, dorsal view of bran- chial region with gills cut short; c, notopodial hook of segment 4; d, neuroseta of segment .">; e and f, edge-on and lateral views of thoracic uncinus. SonnitlicUa clld^niii n. sp. g, anterior end; h, thoracic capil- lary; i and j, edge-on and lateral view of thoracic uncinus; k, palea; 1, edge-on view of abdominal uncinus; m, posterior thoracic para- podium. A))iplun-< t( jxirridoitata n. sp. n and o, edge-on and lateral views of thoracic uncinus; p, abdominal uncinigerous pinnule; (] and r. edge-on and lateral views of abdominal uncinus; s, anterior end. Anipluu'ctc unici-iaiiKt n. sp. t, anterior end; u and v, edge-on and lateral view of thoracic uncinus; vv and .\, edge-on and laterial \iew of abdominal uncinus 114 16. P/.s-/(/ (iimdrilobaUi a, anterior end; b and c, edge-on and lateral views of uncinus from first row. Aiiiatdiid trihtlnttu d. thoracic capillary seta; e, abdominal acicular seta; f, ventrolateral view of entire worm. Amaecuni accrdcnsis g, plumose capillary .seta. Pli)U)is/s n. sp. m and n. edge-on and lateral views of uncinus; o. longer, smooth-bladed cai)illary; shorter jilumose un\)\\\iivy . Pdljicirnis I'.riiiiliis (lii/iiiis n. subsp. ([. jtrortle of uncinus 1-1 17. CIkihc anicficdim n. sp. a. dorsal view of entire worm; a', ])osterior end of juvenile; b, ventral view of collar and lips; c and d, lateral and edge-on views of thoracic hooks; e and f, edge-on and laterial view of abdominal uncini; g, thoracic winged capillary; h, thoracic palea; j, thoracic tapered capillary; k, winged capillary from anterior abdo- men; 1, slender capillary fi-om jiosterior abdomen. JusniiiK li-(i lillo- hata n. sp. m and n, lateral and edge-on views of thoracic hook; o, thoracic palea; p, thoracic winged capillary; q, abdominal capillai'y; r, dorsal view of collar; s, ventral view of collar overlying ventral lips; t, lateral view of woi'm; u and v, edge-on and lateral views of abdomi- nal uncinus 128 18. Piiniatoccros (nHcrirtuiiis n. sj). a. tube; b, tlat form of operculum; c and d, lateral and dorsal views of conical form of operculum; e, abdominal neuroseta; f, thoracic uncinus. St)'piil;ood descriptions of each species are siven. During Ihe course of the work se\eral type specimens were examined and this has resulted in certain changes in nomenclature and Ihe redelinition of certain fjenera in Ihe families Orhiniidae. I'lal>elli«eridae. and Ampharetidae. INTRODUCTION Thi.s study is based on material collected in 1965 while workingat the Duke University Marine Laboratory in Beaufort, N.C. The aim of the main research work was to find the most suitable method for analysing distribution patterns across the continental .shelf of North Carolina. The results have since been published by Day, P^ield, and Montgomery (1971). The data for the analysis were obtained by sampling the benthic inverte- brates along a line of 10 stations called the Beaufort Shelf Transect, which ran from the shore to 200 m on the continental slope. Over 15,000 specimens belonging to 619 species were collected in this way and among them were about 6,000 polychaete worms belonging to 229 species. In order to identify,' them, all the species that had previously been recorded from North Carolina were li.sted and the litera- ture was searched for good diagnostic descrip- tions. It was soon found that more than half the species from the transect were new to North Carolina and quite a number of them were new species. The new species and new records were added to the list as they were identified and eventually keys were constructed to cover the whole fauna. As there is no comprehensive work covering the warm water fauna of the Atlantic coast of the United States, it is hoped that this account of the fauna of North Carolina may be of use to other workers. A numbered list of papers containing original records of Polvchaeta from North Carolina is given below and full references to these and other papers consulted during the course of the work will be found at the end of this report. For the benefit of later workers it may be men- tioned that several papers were found to be particularly useful. An early paper by Andrews (1891a) describes several new species. Hartman (1945) de.scribes many new species and gives keys and ecological notes of these and the other species recorded by earlier workers. In all she deals with 104 species found on the intertidal banks and shallow waters around Beaufort. Hartman (1951), in her account of the fauna of the Gulf of Mexico, describes a few more species which occur in North Carolina. Pettibone (196:;a). in an account of the families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae of New England, lists several records from deeper waters off North Carolina, and hei- keys and descriptions are most useful. Most of the other papers give lists of species without descriptions. C'lirimoldiiiral list i>t /xipi is cuiitii i in in/ iini/niid nfiiicis lit I'lihlchiii til fniiii Xiiilli I'll I iiliiiii 1. Stinipson. 1S.')() i:!. Hartman, IK.'il ■) Verrill. 1S7H 14. Pi-arsf and Williams. •^. VVel)ster. 187!) litr.l 4. Wilson. 1882 1."k Wells. i;m;i ■ ). .■\nilrc\vs. 1811 la k;. .MaiiKLim. l;Hi2 6. .Andrews. ISHlli IT. Pcttihone. li»G3a t . Wilson, liHX) 18. Wells. Wells, and 8. Pearse. liCKi Cray. l;»i!4 9. Peaisc, Hunini. and I'.l. Wells and Cray. lOiVl Wharton, l'.M2 •JO. McCloskey. lOVO 10. Hartman. llUla 21. Day. Field, and 11. Hartman. \\ii'< .MontKomery. lilTl 12. Hartman. llMTa ■ >.) Foster, l:i71 In the pages that follow, all the species re- corded in these papers ha\e been extracted and added to the records obtained from the present collections. For the sake of brevity, the authority for each record is shown by a number which refers to the list above. Thus a I'ecord ijy Stimpson (1856) is shown by the figure 1, while records of the 240 species obtained from the present collection are shown by an asterisk. It should be noted that such records were not all made on the Beaufort Shelf Tran.sect. In addi- tion to the 229 species collected on the tran- sect, I dredged a few s])ecies at the entrance to Beaufort Inlet and coik'cted others from the shores of Fivers Island. I also wish to thank Dr. Charlotte Mangum for the three species of Maldanidae from the shoals in Beaufort Sound, Dr. Larry McCloskey for many specimens from corals in 6.5-18 m near Lookout Lighthouse, Dr. Fred Grassle for specimens from 450 and 600 m on the continental slope, and Dr. Robert Menzies for three interesting abyssal .species from 3,020 m off Beaufort. In all, 323 species are now known from North Carolina: ofthe.se 19 are new species, 2 are new subspecies, 16 are new records for the United States, and 105 are new records for North Carolina. The new taxa and new records for the United States have been described and references to one or more good descriptions have been given for the rest. Some of the records are douijtful, but it was felt that so long as the authority for the record could be traced from the numbered list of papers above, even these doubtful records should be included for the sake of completeness. For the nonspecialist, the mo.st useful items in this pa{)er are the keys to the various families and the distribution lists of the species. The.se are as complete as possible. All the 323 re- corded species have been included and a few other s])ecies known from adjacent areas have been added. They have been marked "no N.C. record" but they will probably be found there in the future. The keys make an initial separation of the genera whose names are given in jiaren- theses and the specific characters of the species are then added. In some cases additional char- acters have been added in stjuare brackets to exclude closely I'elated species. It is well known that the marine fauna of North Carolina is subtropical and this is equally true of the Polychaeta. Many tro])ical species extend northward from Florida and the Carib- bean and many Carolinean species extend southward to the Gulf of Mexico. Then there are a small numt)er of cold-water Virginian s])ecies which reach North Carolina. All of the.se are what might be called North American endemics, since many of the warmwater forms also occur on the Pacific coasts of Mexico and Califoi'nia. I'olychaete worms are notoriously widespread and, in addition to the.se endemics, there are many species that extend across the Atlantic to Europe and North West Africa. Others are circumtr()i)ical or truly cosmopolitan. Within the limits of North Cai^olina. there are faunistic differences between the sounds and the open sea and between different depth zones on the continental shelf. In the shallow sounds ai'ound licaufort. the Ijottoni \aries from mud to sand, there is little wave action and the estuarine waters are more productive than those of the open sea. The i)olychaete faun;i of the sounds includes many subtropical species which occur at much tleei)er knels on the continental shelf; more than half of them are I'estricted to 10 m ov more but here the sjjecimens are much smaller. It was at first thought that the small s])t'cimens on the continental shelf were juveniles but when ovigerous females of the same size were found, it was realized that the ])olychaete fauna of the continental shelf is stunted. Whether this ajiiilies to other groups beside the Polychaeta is uncertain but one gains the im])ression that the water owrlying the continental shelf is not very producti\e. The distribution at different depths was ob- tained by an analysis of the records along the Beaufort Shelf Transect. The 10 stations of the transect were all sited on sand or sandy mud at increasing dejith intervals and I'un in a straight line from the shore at Lookout Light- house to the continental slope some 40 miles out to sea. The environmental conditions at each station are given in Table 1 anil may be used to supplement the de])th I'ange of the various species marked with an asterisk in the .systema- tic section. Polychaete worms represented 40'f of the whole benthic fauna. While a few species, such as S'l plitjin jiictd were found at most of the stations, the majority of the species are groupetl in well- marked zones at different depth intei-vals. Depth itself is not thought to be the limiting factor but rather the changes in other factors which are correlated with dei)th. There is a well defined but poor fauna on the o))en sandy shore; Scolc- Icpi^ stjiKi 1)1(1 t(i is the dominant polychaete and does not occur elsewhere either on the shel- tered sand banks in the sounds or at deej^er levels in the open sea. The fauna of the Turbu- lent Zone between 3 and 20 m included several very common polychaetes such as PalcaiKitiis hctci'osi t(t . (hiiiindkU's carolhiai', Miif/clniKi papillic■">' 120 MlS 14-21 9 34 23' 7.5 .5:5' 1(50 IS 14-22 1(1 34 22' 75' 52' 200 SM 12-21 ' The sMiiliols used lor the Milistiatc tvpcs arc: co = cn.iisr, I = line, III = iiH'diiiin, S = siincl, .\I = niucl. Kiirthci tict.iils will lie IiiiiikI in Uay, Field, and Mont- t;onicr\ (1971). Dr. Helmet Zibrowius of Marseilles. To all these workers I tender my thanks. The collections were made during the tenure of a senior foreign .scientist's fellowship and I gratefully acknow- ledge funds from grants 81-6264 and 81-6820 from the National Science P^mndation. Apart from certain reference specimens which were sent to the Duke University Marine Labora- tory, the whole collection has been donated to the U.S. National Mu.seum. FAMILY APHRODITIDAE Key to genera and species Harpoon-shaped notosetae present. [Neurosetae spurred and longer prong feathered on inner margin. Felt poorly devel- ()l)e(l. (Lin'tmoinci ). Fifteen pairs of elyti'a) L. filiroriiis No harjjoon setae 2 Neurosetae stout, acicular, not spurred. Felt well developed Xphrmlitn sj). Neurosetae long and spurred, often with spines on longer prong. Felt poorly developed. [Stouter notosetae not flat- tened and serrated | \]>h nif/ciiia sp. Laetmonice fiUconiis Kinberg. 18.55 Laet moil ice /!7/n>r»/.s-.-Fauvel, 192.'5: ,36, Fig. 12 a-f. - Pettibone, 1963a: 11, Fig. 1. - Day, l<)63b: 3.55. Reconh.—On Beaufort in 120-200 m (17, 21, *). Di-) Aiiti)i(H'lla Kcnsi. - Pettibone, IDBl'a; 30, Fig. 7e-j. Rccdj-ds. — Two juveniles off Beaufort in 200 m (*). Distrihiitioii. — Arctic and North Atlantic from Norway to the British Isles and Labrador to North Carolina; Pacific from the Bering Sea to North Japan; 5-2,000 m. Harmothoe (Hermadiott) acanelloe (Verrili. 1S81) Harmothoe acnleala Andrews, 1891 Htli(ii' ac/iliatu. Andrews, 1891a; 278, pi. 12: Fig. 1-5. - Hartman, 1945; 10. - 1951; 19. - Nonato and Luna, 1970a; 67, pi. 3: Fig. 26. Ricin-ds. — Several records from the shore and .shallow dredgings off North Carolina (5, 7, 11. 13, 14, 15). Dist)ih/itinii. — North Carolina to Florida and Brazil; intertidal to 69 m. Harmothoe trimaculata (Treadwell. 1924) PiiljiiiiK' (iciukIUk . — Hartman. 1942a; 27, Fig. 27-31. Hiiriiiotlitir ( H( rinadidi/ ) accnicUin . - Pettibone, 196:ia; 28, Fig. 6 1, m. Rccdi-ds. — North Carolina, ? depth (17). Distributidii. — North Atlantic from Denmark to West Greenland and south to North Carolina in 4-2.000 m associated with the coral Acaiiclla tnirnuuii. Gattyana cirrosa (Pallas, 1766) H(i niHitlioi ffliHacHluid Treadwell. 1924: 6. - Hartman. 1938; 118, Fig. 38 a, 39 a, b; 1951; 19. Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal to 70 m (18, 19). Distrihiitioii. — North Carolina and West In- dies; 0-70 m. Harmothoe sp. A P'iKUif 111, i Gattj/uHa cirrosa. - Fauvel, 1923: 49, Fig. 17 a-f. Pettibone, 1963a: 28, Fig. 5 b-d. Records. — Beaufort, intertidal (5). Distribiitio)!. — Arctic; North Atlantic from Norway to France and Hud.son Bay to South Carolina; Pacific from the North Japan Sea and Bering Straits to Washington; intertidal to 1,153 m. Description. — Body 3-4 mm long, with 21-23 .segments and 10 pairs of elytra. Pigmentation characteristic with dark brown blotches on cirrophores of setigers 6 and 10. Prostomium bilobed but without cephalic peaks and anterior eyes well forward and ventral. Median antenna three times prostomial length, laterals ventral in origin and shorter than prostomium. An- tennae and cirri not visibly papillose. Elytra Fiuure l.~Al>liri,(/,„i(i sp. a. stouter typt- of iiotoseta; l>. iieurosota. (Fiuure c and \ elytron; )), Gth elyti-on; q. superior faU-iner; r, middle faleiser; s, inferior falcig-er; t, anterior view of parapodiuni. delicate, without marginal fringes and surface with only a few weak tubercles bearing four to six spinules. Notosetae deciduous leaving only a stout aciculum in the notopodia; when present, notosetae very fine and serrated to their hairlike tips (Figure Ih). Neurosetae (Figure li) slender, slightly stouter than noto- setae and bearing long blades ending in naked tips with two subequal teeth. Remarks. — The size and number of segments shows that all specimens are juveniles. The very fine setae and pigmentation are quite distinctive. Rcroi-ds. — Off Beaufort in 85 m (*). Harmothoe sp. B FiyTjiu lj-1 DcsciiptioiL — Body pale in alcohol, 4.5 mm long with less than 25 setigers and 8-11 pairs of elytra. Prostomium with small cephalic peaks and anterior pair of eyes lateral. Lateral an- tennae half as long as prostomium. Antennae and dorsal cirri with short clavate papillae. Elytra (Figure 11) mottled gray-green with a central dark spot, not fringed but with a few soft papillae and a scattering of hemispherical weakly chitinized microtubercles on surface. Notosetae (Figure Ij), stout and strongly ser- rated to their blunt, grooved ends. Neurosetae (Figure Ik), more slender than notosetae and all with bidentate tijjs. R< iiKirks. — These juvenile specimens may be H(i niiolliiH (ltd rhonil Pettibone, but the neuro- setae have a much longer secondary tooth and the body lacks a iiisty red coloration. Reroi'ds. — Six juveniles off Beaufort in 35 m Distributinu. — (of H. dvurbitDii). On Surgan- siini weed floating off Massachusetts. FAMILY POLYODONTIDAE Key to genera and species 1' Anterior pair of eyes large and mounted on stalks. Three antennae. Branchial vesicles between anterior parapodia. Superior neurosetae not jienieillate (paintbrush shaped) tPtlll/odoiltcs) P. llipilKI Anterior jiair of eyes sessile like posterior jiair. Three an- tennae. No branchial vesicles. Superior neurosetae not ])eni- cillate (Eiip(uitli((lls) E. h'iiiht i-f/i Foli/ocioiiles lupina (Stimpson, ISofi) Eupanlhalis kinbergi (Mcintosh, 1876) Polj/iiddiitcs liipiiia. — Hartman, 1945: 10; 1951: 19. R(C())-ds. — Beaufort, intertidal to 160 m (1, 5, 11, 13, *). Dislri/iiilldii. — North Carolina: South Caro- lina; Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 160 m. EnarvJiv tnhifcx Ehlers, 1887: 54, pi. 12: Fig. 1-7, pi. 13: Fig. 1. E>ipu,itli(tlis kliihcrgi. - Fauvel, 1923: 100, Fig. 38 i-q. - Day, 1967: 94, Fig. 1.17. a-f. Rtcards. — One sjiecimen from 450 m off Beaufort (*). Uistrihittiim. — Gulf of Mexico; North Atlan- tic (Adventure Bank); off Angola: Mediterra- nean; 64-1,000 m. FAMILY SIGALIONIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Body seldom loiigor than 10 mm. No cirriform branchiae on elytrophores (Pholoe). [Elytra without concentric growth lines, p-orty-five segments or more] P. »ii)iiifa 1' Body up to 200 mm long. Cirriform branchiae on elytrophores after first few segments 2 2 No median antenna; lateral antennae papilliform (Sif/alidii). [Elytra with 8-13 branching papillae on outer margin; one stylode on notopodium and two on neuropodium) S. aroiicola 2' Median antenna present; lateral antennae indistinct and fused to base of tentacular segment 3 3 Com])ound neurosetae spinigerous with laddered blades ending in pointed tips. [Median antenna without ctenidia (Lcan'n-a). No eyes, no simjjle neurosetae; elytra without marginal papillae or lateral indentations] L. Iiijstricia 3'' Compound neurosetae mainly or entirely falcigerous with sim])le or multiarticulate blades ending in bidentate tips 4 4 Median antenna with a large ceratophore. Elytra and dor- sum encrusted with saiul (Psaiii nioli/ci ). [Ctenidia on cera- to])h()re of median antenna] P. ctcitidophoiv 4' Median antenna with a short ceratophore. Elytra not en- crusted with sand iStliiiicIdis) 5 5 Eyes present. Usually a few sim])le bi]iectinate setae at superior edge of neurojiodium 6 5' Eyes absent. No simple neurosetae. [Elytra without markings] S. inioculu 6 External margins of elytra fringed with simple papillae, never notched S. boa 6' External margins of anterior elytra with a few irregular ])ai)illae and jjosterior ones with a notch S. linncohi Pholoe minuta (Fabricius. 1780) Sigalion arenicola Verrill. 1879 PIkiIoc niiiiiita. - Fauvel, 1923: 120, Fig. 44 a-h. -Pettiijone, l!)63a: 46. Fig. 10 f, g. - Day, 1%7: 100, Fig. 1. 18. a-f. Sii. Elytra without surface papillae, marginal fringes, or lateral indentations. Cirriform branchiae from segment 7 onwards. Notopodia with two long a])ical stylodes. Neuropodia with five long sty- lode.s, two arising from posteroventral bract. No sim])le pectinate setae in neuro])odia, all neurosetae being compound with si)inigerous laddered blades. Rcmarkx. — Pettibone (1963a) and earlier workers recorded Lfaiiira hjistricis from Massa- chusetts to north of Puerto Rico. Pettibone (1970a) has revised the .synonymy of L. hys- triris and several other species and states that the record from Massachusetts refers to L. rohin^ta Verrill and the record from north of Puerto Rico refers to L. cirmUt (Treadwell). As noted above, the present specimens lack simple neuro.setae which agrees with Pettibone's revised description of L. lu/stricis and dis- tinguishes it from both L. )'()bHsta and L. cirrata. On the other hand, it should be noted that the presence or absence of labial lobes which Petti- bone now regards as an important diagnostic character was not recorded. Ricorch. — Seven specimens from 200 m off Beaufort (*). Dist)-il)H t i(i)i. — (According to Pettibone, 1970a) northeastern Atlantic; Iceland, United Kingdom, Azores; 957-2,640 m. Psanimolyce ctenidophora New Species Figure Im-t H(./o/;/;;(.— USNM 43117. Description. — Body incomplete with only 28 segments measuring 25 mm by 8 mm. Dorsum covered with coarse sand or shell fragments attached to elytra and mid-dorsum by branch- ing adhesive papillae (Figure Im). Ventrum and parapodial bases densely covered with segmental bands of long slender papillae alternating with narrower bands of small hemispherical papillae. Prostomium (F"ignre Im) rounded but sunken between anterior parapodia and dominated by the large swollen ceratophore of median an- tenna. Base of ceratophore with a pair of small ctenidial tlaps; ceratostyle missing. Anterior pair of eyes much larger than posterior pair and directed forwards. Lateral antennae as bi- articulate conical projections arising from dor- sal bases of tentacular lobes and not visibly joined to prostomium. Tentacular lobes fused basal ly below ceratophore of median antenna and each bearing two tufts of slender, serrated capillary setae protected on medial side by cephalic sheaths. Dorsal tentacular cirri slightly longer than ventral ones. A large pedunculate facial tubercle above mouth and large prebuccal flanges on either side; palps missing. Elytra on setigers 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 . . . 27, and 28 (broken end) and dorsal tubercles on intervening segments from setiger 3 onwards. First pair of elytra (F^igure In) large, oval, without an inci- sion and covering head. Subsequent elytra small- er and widely separated leaving dorsum bare apart from sanil grains. Second pair of elytra (Figure 10) triangular and without lappets but subsequent elytra (Figure Ip) somewhat pro- duced medially and with small lappets on pos- terior margin. E.xposed surfaces of all elytra covered with long papillae and adherent sand grains or shell fragments. Parapodia (Figure It) similar throughout; those of setigers 2 and .'5 without specialized features. Each notopodium short and stout with a i)resetal flap dorsally. Neuropodium larger, with scattered squat ])aiiillae and groups of long filiform papillae; three groups around neuro- setae and fourth group at base of ventral cirrus. Notosetae slender and minutely serrated, many directed downwards between parapodia. Neuro- setae of three types; a superior group of stout falcigers with well serrated shaft-heads (Figure Iq) and small blades with an indication of a secondary tooth; a middle group of stout falci- gers with almost smooth shaft-heads (Figure Ir); an inferior group of slender falcigers with serrated shaft-heads and long bidentate blades (Figure Is). Remarks. — Species of the genus Psa)>u)!olyce have been distinguished mainly on the shape of the elytra, some of which are incised while 11 others have long projecting lobes. As Willey (1905) and Potts (1909) have remarked, these features are variable for the elytra may change along the length of the body in a single speci- men. For this reason, P. ctmndupliora is named as a new species with hesitation. However, it does not agree with the species described by Fauvel (1923) from Europe, or those described by Mcintosh (1885), Treadwell (1902), Augener (1906), Hartman (1939), Hartman (1942b) or Hartman (1965a) from the West Indies. The presence of ctenidial flaps on the peduncle of the median antenna of P. ctoiidophora appears to be unique and the large pedunculate facial tubercle has not been noted on any other species. Recordti. — One specimen off Beaufort on rock and sand in 20 m (*). Sihenelais boa (Johnston, 1833) Sthoielais hint. - Fauvel, 1923: 110, Fig. 41 a-1. -Pettibone, 1963a: 50, Fig. 10 a-d. - Day, 1967: 109, Fig. 1.20.f-l. Records. — Several records between Cape Hat- teras and Beaufort from the shore to 100 m (5,7, 11, 13, 17, 18). Di.'itributio)!. — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas: intertidal to 150 m. Sthenelais limicola (Ehlers, 1864) Sthenelai.s limicola. - Fauvel, 1923: 113, Fig. 42 a-g. - Pettibone, 1963a: 51, Fig. 11 c-e. - Day, 1967: 111, Fig. 1.20. m-r. Record.'^. — Common off Beaufort in 20-80 m (17. *). Diir is a synonym of S. li»ucola. Records. — Ten specimens off Beaufort in 20-80 m (*). Sthenelais anocula New Species FiRure 2f-j Stliciiclni.^ (iiiocida Day, Field, and Montgomery, 1971: 113 (Nomen nudum) Holotijpc. — VSNM 43128; 9 paratypes, USNM 43129. Dc.'^criptioH. — Body up to 35 mm long with about 60 .segments and uniformly pale in alcohol. Prostomium (Figure 2g) rounded and without eyes. Median antenna with a pair of small bracts or ctenidia on ceratophore and an elon- gated ceratostyle tapering to a slender terminal filament. Lateral antennae not distinguished but presumably fused to base of tentacular segment which bears a ciliated cu.shion similar to those on later notopodia. Superior tentacular cirrus as long as median antenna but inferior cirrus much shorter. Two setigerous lobes each with a single terminal stylode. Palps mi.ssing and their sheaths united to presetal bracts on either side of mouth. Setiger 3 with a dorsal tubercle but no dorsal cirrus. Elytra on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9 . . . , and alternate segments to 27th and all subsequent segments. Small cirriform branchiae on all elytrophores and dorsal tubercles from segment 4. Elytra broadly oval (Figure 2f), with few cushion-shaped papillae on surface, and about 15 simple digitiform marginal papil- lae; no external notch even on posterior elytra. 12 FiKure 2.—Sth('iiclrily sp. a. anterior elytron; h. posterior elytron; c. anterior view of foot: d. simple falciuvr; e. pluriarticulate falci^er. Slliriirlais- ,ii,o,;iU< n. sp. f. elytron; k. head; h. sliort-hladed faldKer; i. pluriartieui'ate falciKer; j, anterior view of foot. Pixiu,,,' rriiiula k. .'id foot; 1. anterior end; ni, .stout superior seta; n. slender superior seta; o, inferior seta. 13 Notopodia (Figure 2j) with three ciliated cush- ions dorsally, three terminal stylodes on first few feet but only one stylode from 10th foot. Neuropodia with three small perisetal bracts; one superior with an apical stylode, one antero- inferior without a stylode and one postero- inferior with an apical stylode. Third stylode at apex of setigerous lobe. Sides of parapodia without long papillae. Notosetae as long, simple capillaries, mi- nutely serrated on one margin. Neurosetae all compound, simple bipectinate setae being absent. Compound setae (Figure 2h, i) all with smooth shaft-heads; a few with short bidentate blades, many with long multiarticulate blades. Remarks. — S. aiiociila is generally similar to S. limicola but is distinguished from the latter by the lack of eyes, the lack of simple bipectinate neurosetae and the absence of an incision on the posterior elytra. Records. — Fifteen specimens on sandy mud 80-200 m off Beaufort (21, *). FAMILY PALMRIDAE 1' Key to genera and species Body elongate, completely covered by transverse rows of paleae. Prostomium concealed under a fold of skin (Bliairn- ina). Paleae with about 20 ribs including 5 major beaded ones B. ijaadci Body rectangular with right and left groups of paleae distinct. Prostomium visible between paleae (Palcaiiotiis). Paleae with about 20 subequal beaded ribs P. Ik Urosctu Bhawania goodei Webster, 1884 BlnnrauKi goodd Webster, 1884: 308, pi. 7: Fig. 10-1.5. - Day. 1967: 118, Fig. 2.1. a-f. Records. — Common on corals in .5-20 m off North Carolina (14, 20, ' ). Distrihiitio)!. — Circumtropical; intertidal to .'50 m in rock crevices and coral. Paleanotus heteroseta Hartman. 194.5 PaleanotJis heteroseta Hartman, 1945: 12, pi. 1: Fig. 1-6. Records. — Common off Beaufort on sand at 4-20 m (11,21, *). Distribution. — North Carolina in 4-20 m. FAMILY PISIONIDAE Only one genus and species known from North Carolina. Pisione remota (Southern. 1914) Fiuuic 'Ik-u P)Xie(/eiia remota Southern. 1914: 61, pi. 7, pi. 8: Fig. 15 a-k. - Fauvel, 1923: 124, Fig. 45 a-g. Pisione remota. - Hartman, 1968: 181, Fig. 1-5. Defscriptioii. — Juveniles up to 15 mm long with slender bodies and long projecting para- podia. Prostomium (Figure 21) inconspicuous and embedded in large peristome between bases of long, forwai"dly directed palps. Above them, two pairs of biarticulate tentacular cirri; inner, ventral pair minute and ])apilliforni, outer dor- sal pair long and slender. Peristomial acicula long and stout, their flanged ends projecting in front of mouth as suiiernumary jaws. Pro- boscis eversible with 14 marginal pai)illae and 2 pairs of weakly chitinized true jaws normally retracted back to setiger 4. Two fused pairs of 14 subdermal eyes at level of setiger 2. Setiger 1 with a small papilliform dorsal cirrus, a setig- erous lobe and a long ventral cirrus directed forwards. Dorsal cirrus of setiger 2 not en- larged. Each normal foot (Figure 2k) with a minute biarticulate dor.sal cirrus, a long .setig- erous lobe with two ])resetal lii)s ami a ventral cirrus similar to donsal one but more distal in origin. Setae of three types; superior one (Figure 2m) stout, simple, and obliquely trun- cate; second (Figure 2n) simple, with a slightly curved and pointed end; below this three com- pound setae (Figure 2o) with short falcigerous blades. Rt'UHirks. — P. rcmolu differs from the type species P. m rslcdi Cirube in lacking an elongate dorsal cirrus on setiger 2 and differs from P. (tf)icaiin Day in having all blades of the com- pound setae short. Rccards. — Juveniles common off Beaufort in 10-20 m (21, *). This is a new record for the Atlantic coast of the United States. Distrihiifiiiii. — Ireland; English Channel; Mediterranean; southern California; Pacific coast of Mexico; in 10-200 m. FAMILY AMPHINOMIDAE Key to genera and species 3 3' 4 Notosetae in transverse i)alisades across tlorsum. [Body stout and oval. Caruncle linear (En i>hni^iiii )] No N.C. record Notosetae in comjiact tufts 2 Branchiae with regular bi])innate branches. [Body oval with about oO segments. Caruncle broad with pleated margins iC'lildi ill). Conspicuous red bars on dorsum when adult] C. rii-idis Branchiae as iri'egularly branching tufts 3 Neuropodium small and .suckerlike with few short, hooked setae (Hippoiidc) H. (jandirhundi Neuropodium well develojjed; setae numerous, not hooked 4 Neurosetae stout and acicular. Body large, stout, almost quadrangular in section (Anipliiininic). Caruncle small, cordate A. )-<}stixttu Neurosetae normal, spurred. Body small, less than 30 mm. Ventrum flattened. Caruncle small or absent. [Branchiae not present on posterior segments] 5 Notosetae of setiger 1 include stout hooks (not easily seen). (Pai-ampJiiniiiiie piilcln Ila) No N.C. record Noto.setae of setiger 1 without hooks. {Psaideariithoc). [Car- uncle rudimentary. Branchiae from setiger 3] P. amliiynu Chloea viridis Schmarda, 1861 Chlofia atglocliis Ehlers, 1887: 18, pi. 1: Fig. 1, 2, pi. 2: Fig. 1-8, pi. 3: Fig. 1-4. Chloeia viridis. - Hartman, 1951: 29. - Nonato and Luna, 1970b: 65, Fig. 1, 2. Notes. — Body up to 117 mm long with 36-39 segments. Dorsum with a median dorsal stripe in juveniles changing to violet brown segmental bars in adults. Records. — Cape Hatteras area on Sargassiini and off Beaufort in 40-120 m ( 18, *). 15 Distribution. — North Carolina; West Indies; Gulf of Mexico: Brazil; low tide to 120 m. Hipponoe gaiidichaudi Audouin and Milne-Edwards, 1830 Hipponoe gaiidichaudi. - Fauvel, 1923: 132. Fig. 47 1-p. - Pettibone, 1963a: 57, Fig. 13 a. b. Records. — Two specimens on driftwood with Lepas, off Beaufort (*). Distribution. — Cosmopolitan in warm and tropical seas. Amphinome rostrata (Pallas. 1776) Anipliiiiome palliisii. - Fauvel, 1923: 127, Fig. 46. Amphinome rostrata. - Hartman, 1951: 22, pi. 4: Fig. 1. - Pettibone, 1963a: 59, Fig. 13 d, e. - Day, 1967: 123, Fig. 3.1. f-k. Records. — Several records from driftwood cast ashore in North Carolina (5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 18, *). Distribution. — Cosmopolitan in warm anil tropical seas. Paramphinome pulchella (Sars, 1872) ParamphiiKiiiie pulchella. - Pettibone, 1963a: 61, Fig. 13 f, g (with synonymy). Parampliinomc jeffrei/sii. - Hartman, 1965a: 58, pi. 1: Fig.b, c. Records. — No North Carolina record, but known from south of Long Island and the Gulf of Mexico. (17). Distribution. — North Atlantic from Norway to Denmark and Iceland to the Gulf of Mexico; from 37 to 5,500 m. PHeudeitrifthoe ambigiia (Monro, 1933) Eurytlioe ambii(/ua. - Hartman. 1945: 12. Reiuarlx's. — Pa reu i-i/tliDeGusteit'^onandPscud- eui-j/tliiK P'auvel ai"e very close. The main dis- tinction is that in Pareurytlioe the gills con- tinue to the end of the body while in Pseudeunj- thoe they are limited to anterior segments. This, however, may be a function of size and mo.st species of the Pseudeurythoe are small. Records. — Beaufort, intertidal, and common at 20 m (11,21, *). Distril>u t ion. — Pacific coast of Panama ; North Carolina; intertidal to 20 m. FAMILY PHYLLODOCIDAE Key to genera and species NOTE. — In the tentacular formula used below, the symbol 1 = tapered tentacular cinois; N = normal lamellar cirrus; 0 = absent (no cirrus or no setae); S = setae. 1 Two pairs of tentacular cirri. Only 4 antennae 2 1' Three pairs of tentacular cirri. Only 4 antennae 5 1" Four pairs of tentacular cirri. Four or 5 antennae 6 2 Two tentacular cirri on first segment. Prostomium tlattened and body usually white (Eteone) 3 2' One tentacular cirrus on first segment and one on second which also bears setae. Prostomium not flattened and body usually greenish (Lugia). [No dorsal cirrus on segment 3; formula: 1 + S — + S —] L. rarica N N 16 8 Setae present on segment 2; formula: 0— — \- S — 4 3' No setae on .segment 2; formula: 0— + 0—. [Dorsal cirri asymmetrical and broader than long] Eteone tactea 4 Dorsal tentacular cirrus shorter than ventral one. Posterior dorsal cirri asymmetrical, longer than broad Etcoiie lieteropvda 4' Dorsal tentacular cirrus as long as ventral one. Dorsal cirri almost symmetrical and as broad as long (£■. Uniga) No N.C. record 5 Three tentacular cirri on three segments with setae from .second; formula: 1 + S— -+ S — . {Fruliiiin/stifhs}. Dorsal N N cirri long and hastate P. bidnitata 5' Three tentacular cirri on two segments with setae from third; formula: 1 + 0--+ S-rr- {Hf^iomini). Dorsal cirri fusi- 1 N form and much shorter than ventrals H. cUmgata 6 Four frontal antennae and a similar middorsal one (£""/«//«) 7 6' Four frontal antennae but no middorsal one, a minute occipital papilla sometimes present 10 7 Setae on both second and third tentacular segments; formula: 1 + S— + S — . Setigerous lobe bluntly rounded apically 8 7' No .setae on any tentacular segment; formula: 1 + 0— — h 0 — . Setigerous lobe with a pointed superior projection apically . . . . E. (Ptwocirrux) mncrocernfi 8 First tentacular segment not visible dorsally, second and third distinct (subgenus Ernnida). Proboscis almost smooth E. (Enniidd ) snugiiiiiva 8' All three tentacular .segments di.stinct and separate (subgenus E/ilalia). Proboscis den.sely covered with papillae 9 9 Dor.sum yellow with a pair of lateral stripes. Dorsal cirri bluntly oval E. (Enhtlkij hU'mcata 9' Dorsum uniformly green. Dorsal cirri hastate, pointed E. (Enlaliu) rlridis 10 Prostomium with a median posterior projection embraced by broad "shoulders" formed of fused first and second tenta- cular segments. [Setae from third tentacular segment; formula: 1 + 0^+ S-hr(Panuiaitis)] 11 1 N 10' Prostomium truncate or notched posteriorly. Fir.st and second tentacular segments not forming broad "shoulders". {Pln/l- lodoce) 12 11 Dorsal cirri reniform P(tm)iii/tis knstrrioisis ir Dorsal cirri asymmetrically oval PtiraiiaiHx spceiasa 17 12 Prostomium truncate posteriorly without an occipital papilla. Tentacular segments 1 and 2 fused; setae from second; formula: 1 + S-j-+ Sr^ . [Dorsal cirri cordate] 13 12' Prostomium notched posteriorly with a minute occipital papilla. Tentacular segments all separate though finst obscure dor- sally; no .setae on any tentacular segment; formula: 1 + O-7-+ O^r 14 1 N 13 Body and dorsal cirri greenish yellow. Dorsal tentacular cirri of second and third segments questionably flattened in section P>^- (Ncrclplii/lluJfmyiliK 13' Body and dorsal cirri red. All tentacular cirri rounded in section P^i- ((r< iilijllis) rastanea 14 Ventral cirri long and tapered to points. Dorsum greenish brown in adults and barred with brown in juveniles PIi. (Aii'trihiiti(>ii. — Kamchatka in 5,070 m. Eteone lactea Claparede, 1868 EteoiH- lactea. - Fauvel. 1923: 175. Fig. 6.3 a-d. -Pettibone, 1963a: 70, Fig. 16 a-c. Records. — Off North Carolina: intertidal to 28 m (11, 13, 17, 18). Dist)-ihi/ti(i)i. — Atlantic from the Shetland Is- lands to the North Sea and the (kilf of St. Lawrence to Florida; Mediterranean; intertidal to 200 m. Eteone heteropoda Hartman. 1951 EtcDiic luttrpoda Hartman, 1951: 31, pi. 9: Fig. 1-8. - Pettibone, 1963a: 72, Fig. 16 d. Rtcordx.—Ofi Beaufort in 10-200 m (15, *). Distribution. — Maine to Noilh Carolina and the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 18 m. Protomystides bidentata Langerhans, 1879 Mj/stidcs (Priaitidc.'< hmgipes. - Hartman, 1968: 229. Fig. 1-3. Dc.'<(Tiptio)i. — Body about 25 mm long; color greenish ; a distinctive dusky "neck" immediately behind the tentacular cirri and three rows of fainter spots on subsequent .segments. Pro- stomium elongate-cordate with four frontal an- tennae and a minute occipital papilla. One pair of dark eyes. First tentacular segment not visible dorsally, second and third distinct and separate though without setae. Four pairs of long cylindrical tentacular cirri; tentacular for- mula: 1 + 0 — -h 0—-. Dorsal cirri broadly 1 N oval, almost circular anteriorly. Setigerous lobes long, superior part of presetai lip pointed and projecting well below inferior part. Ventral cirri long, slender and pointed. Setae with shaft- heads minutely striated. Records. — Eight specimens on sand in 20-40 m off Beaufort (21, *). This is a new record for the Atlantic coast of the United States. Distributio)i. — North Carolina; South Africa; California; Chile; intertidal to 40 m. papillae per row. Sometimes a median row of four or five. Distal part of ])roboscis with six lumpy ridges. First tentacular segment not visible dorsally, second and third di.stinct and separate. Four long, cylindrical tentacular cirri; tentacu lar formula: 1 + 0 4" + 0 TT • Dorsal cirri 1 N hastate anteriorly, becoming rhomboidal on middle segments. Setigerous lobes apically blunt. Ventral cirri oval with blunt tips anteriorly but pointed tips posteriorly. Setae with strongly serrated shaft-heads. Re»ini-ks. — The description of PhijUodoce ocitlata by Ehlers (1887: 135. pi. 40: Fig. 4-6) from Florida suggests that this species is a synonym of Ph. iH(ulei)'ensis. The only doubtful point is whether Ph. ociilata lacks setae on the third tentacular segment. Augener (1925), who re-examined the type of Lopudiirhijnchns ery- tJirophijUtis Schmarda, from Jamaica, states that it is identical with Ph. ocidata although I feel that the color as described and figured by Schmarda is quite different from that of Pli. ociilatu or Ph. niddeiiriisis. If the three species are really identical, Schmarda's name would have priority. A reexamination of the types is required. Records. — Two specimens from coral in 10 m off Beaufort (*). Dist)ibiitio)i. — Cosmopolitan in warm and tropical seas; intertidal to 200 m. Phyllodoce (Anaitides) arenae Webster, 1880 Phyllodoce (Anaitides) madeirensis Langerhans, 1880 Phyllodoce (Anaitides) madeirensis. - Fauvel, 1923; 150, Fig. 23 d-h. - Day, 1967: 145, Fig. 5.2. d-g. Anaitides niadeire>isis. - Nonato and Luna, 1970b: 66, Fig. 5-8. Description. — Body up to 100 mm long; bright gi'een when alive but fading in alcohol. Pro- stomium cordate with a deep posterior notch and an occipital papilla. Four frontal antennae and a pair of dark eyes. Base of proboscis with six lateral rows of papillae with about 11 Phyllodoce uroiae Webster, 1880; 105; 1886: 133, pi. 5: Fig. 10-12. Phyllodoce (A)iaitides) arenae. - Pettibone, 1963a: 82, Fig. 18 a-c. Remarks. — This species is common in the cold New England waters and is close to Ph. pa)iame)isis from warmer waters farther south. Both have ventral cirri pointed and longer than the setigerous lobes but differ in the pigment pattern; Ph. (A.) arenae has spindle-shaped intersegmental crossbars while Ph. pa)uune>i- sis has a dor. sal stripe. Records. — Six specimens in 20-200 m off Beaufort (*). Distrihntio)!. — Maine to New Jersey; inter- tidal to 194 m. 23 Phyllodoce (Anaitides) panamensis Treadwell. 1917 Figui-e :in-p Phyllodoce (Anaitides) panann-iisis. 1933b: 24, Fig. 11a, b. Monro, Description. — Body slender, up to 107 mm long; color greenish with a dark median dorsal stripe and a faint ventral one. Prostomium (Fig- ure 3p) cordate with four frontal antennae and a minute occipital papilla. Base of proboscis completely covered with compressed papillae irregularly arranged. First tentacular segment not visible dorsally, second and third distinct 1 + Oy + and separate. Four pairs of long cylindrical tentacular cirri but no setae; tentacular formula: ' O'j^T- Dorsal cirri (Figure 3n) large and oval; setigerous lobes blunt; ventral cirri slender and pointed, far longer than setigerous lobes. Setae (Figure 3o) with faintly striated shaft-heads. Rcniarkn. — Ph. paiiaiHciisis is very close to Pli. a)-(')utc differing mainly in the color pattern; possibly it is no more than a subspecies of Ph. areiKic. Rero)-ds. — Two specimens from 80 to 120 m off Beaufort (*). Dii)i. — Panama: 10 m. FAMILY PILARGIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Prostomium with three antennae. Notosetae always repre- sented by a stout acicular seta 2 1' Prostomium with two antennae. Notosetae either absent or represented by a stout hook 3 2 Notopodial acicular seta in the form of a hook. Antennae long. (Sigatnbm). [Notopodial hook appearing on setiger 14-25] S. bassi 2' Notopodial acicular seta straight. Antennae short (Syiwlnii.^). [Dorsal cirrus of first setiger twice as long as subsequent ones] S. albiiii 8 Notosetae absent. (Pilargi.'<) No N.C. record 3' Notosetae represented by a stout hook. [Dorsal and ventral cirri small or absent (Cabira)] No N.C. record Sigambra bassi (Hartman, 1945) Ancistro.^ylli.-< ba.s.^i Hartman, 1945: 15; 1947b: 501, pi. 61: Fig. 1-7: 1951: 36.pl. 11: Fig. 1- 6. Sigambra />«.s.s/.-Pettibone, 1966: 186, Fig. 16.- Hartman, 1968: 389, Fig. 1-5. Records. — Beaufort Sound, intertidal to a few meters (11, 12, 13, 18). Distribiitio)i. — North Carolina to Florida; central to southern California; intertidal to 33 m. Synelmis albini (Langerhans, 1881) Aiicistrosyllis rigida. - Fauvel, 1919: 337, Fig. 1 a-e. - Hartman, 1947b: 498, pi. 62: Fig. 1-7. -Day, 1967: 215. Synelmi.^ albini. - Pettibone, 1966: 191, Fig. 19-21. - Hartman, 1968: 393, Fig. 1-5. - Nonato and Luna. 1970b: 68, Fig. 10-14. Records. — One juvenile off Beaufort in 80 m Distribittion. — Circumtropical and extends from Brazil to North Carolina; southern Cali- fornia; intertidal to 2,200 m. 24 FAMILY HESIONIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Eight pairs of tentacular cirri; [3 antennae. Proboscis with marginal papillae but no jaws. Notopodium vestigial with few setae (Gjipti!^)] G. vittata r Six pairs of tentacular cirri 2 2 A median and two lateral antennae. [Proboscis with marginal papillae {Opltiodrannis)] O. oh.scunts 2' No median antenna, only two laterals 3 3 Palps biarticulate. Notopodium reduced to an aciculum in dorsal cirrophore and usually a few setae (Nereimyra) N. pimrtata 3' Palps not articulated. Notopodium a small but distinct lobe on dorsal cirrophore bearing several setae (Pamhesiouc lu tenia ) No. N.C. record Gyptis vittata Webster and Benedict, 1887 Gyptis vittata. - Pettibone. 1963a: 106, Fig. 28 c, d. Records. — Cape Hatteras area, intertidal; off Beaufort in 10-20 m (18, *). DlstrU)iitii>ii. — Maine to North Carolina; inter- tidal to 55 m. Reconl.'<. — Many records between Cape Hat- teras and Beaufort; intertidal to 40 m (5, 11, 13, 15, 17, 18,20, *) Dixtribtitio)!. — Massachusetts to the West In- dies and the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 840 m. Nereimyra punctata (Miiller. 1776) Ophiodromus obscurus (Verrill, 1873) Podurke oh.'iciira. - Pettibone, 1963a: 104, Fig. 28 a. b. Reniai-k.^. — Dr. Pettibone, in a personal com- munication, maintains that Podarke Ehlers should not be regarded as a synonym of Opliio- rfro/»».s Sars since the type species of Podarke, (P. agilis) has nearly uniramous parapodia, while the type species of Ophiodronm.^, {O. vit- tatiis Sars = O. Jle.vuousitfi Delia Chiaje) has parapodia equally biramous. However both genera have three antennae and six pairs of tentacular cirri in contrast to Gyptis, Nereimyra , and ParaIie.^io)ie and, as noted earlier (Day, 1967), I agree with Dr. Hartman that Podarke is a synonym of Opitiodronni.'i. The number of setae in the notopodia is. I feel, of specific but not generic importance. Ca.^talia punctata. - Fauvel, 1923: 24, Fig. 89 f-k. Nereimyra punctata. - Pettibone, 1963a: 107, Fig. 28 e. Records. — Off Chesapeake Bay and off North Carolina, ? depth ( 17). Distrihiitioii. — Arctic, North Atlantic from Norway to France and Hudson Bay to North Carolina; Azores; Bering Sea; intertidal to 2.350 m. Parahesione luteola (Webster. 1880) Parahesioiie luteola. - Pettibone. 1956: Fig. 1 a-e; 1963a: 108, Fig. 29 a-c. 281, Records. — No record from North Carolina. Distributio)i. — Massachusetts to New Jersey and Geoi-gia to the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal. 25 FAMILY SYLLIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Ventral cirri distinct. Palps either separate or fused. Pharynx straight, seldom coiled 2 1' Ventral cirri completely fused to setigerous lobes and in- distinguishable. Palps completely fused. Pharynx long and coiled. (Subfamily Autolytiime) 23 2 Palps quite .separate. Always two pairs of tentacular cirri. Antennae and dorsal cirri articulated. (Subfamily Sylliitae) 3 2' Palps fused basally. One or two pairs of tentacular cirri. Antennae and dorsal cirri seldom articulated (Subfamily EiiKyUiiiae) 11 2" Palps fused for more than half their length. One or two pairs of tentacular cirri. Antennae and dorsal cirri not articulated and often small (Subfamily E.vogoiiiiiae) 16 3 Margin of phai-ynx with a circle of chitinous teeth (trepan) and a small dorsal tooth as well. Body flattened (Trypcuio- sijllis). [Trepan with 10 teeth. Blades of setae bidentate. Never more than one se.xual .stolon] T. zebra 3' Margin of pharynx with a single anterior dorsal tooth {Sulli^) 4 4 Setae of anterior feet compound but setae of middle feet may lose their blades and appear simple 5 4' All setae simple (subgenus Huplosylli.^). [Setae .shaped like boathooks with a boss preceding the curved and bifid tip. Dorsal cirri with 20-30 joints] S. (H.J spongicola 5 Setae of middle segments reduced to two large simple setae with bluntly Y-shaped ends. [Dorsal cirri fusiform with about 10 joints] S. gracilis 5' Setae of middle segments fairly numerous and normally com- pound 6 6 Two or three superior setae of middle segments with very long tapered blades; inferior setae with much shorter fal- cigerous blades (subgenus Laugcrhausia) 7 6' All .setae of middle segments with falcigerous blades graded in length (subgenus Typosyllis) 8 7 Dorsal cirri of posterior feet smooth or indistinctly articulated. Blades of posterior setae with secondary tooth stouter than apical one S. (L.)ferrugina T Dorsal cirri of posterior feet distinctly articulated. Blades of posterior setae with secondary tooth finer than apical one S. (L.) cornuta 26 8 Dorsal cirri of middle feet short and fusiform with about 15 joints. Setae obviously bidentate S. (T.) hyalinu 8' Dorsal cirri of middle feet at least as long as segmental breadth with more than 15 joints. Setae strongly bidentate 9 9 Setae of posterior feet with secondary tooth stronger than apical one. Dorsal cirri with 25-40 joints S. (T.) nguhita caroUnae 9' Setae of posterior feet with secondary tooth not stronger than apical one 10 10 Dorsal cirri of middle segments alternately with 15 or 20 joints. Proventriculus extending over 7 to 9 segments S. (T.) alternata 10' Dorsal cirri of middle segments alternately with about 30 and 87 joints. Proventriculus extending over 5 to 6 segments S. (T.) proUfera 11 Pharynx coiled. Body short with about 13 setigers. Large nuchal epaulettes (Antblyoaylli^^). [Six triscuspid marginal teeth] A.formosa ir Pharynx straight. Body long with many .setigers. No nuchal epaulettes 12 12 Large knobbed acicula projecting from anterior feet. Pharynx without teeth (Streptosifllis). [Setae with flanged shaft- heads and blades] S. arenae 12' Acicula normal, not exposed. Pharynx with one or more teeth 13 1.3 A large occipital flap. Pharynx with a ventr' 1 semicircle of teeth halfway back {Odoutosyllis). [Setal blades very long and strongly bidentate] 0. loiigiseta 13' Occipital flap small or absent. Pharynx with a single anterior dorsal tooth and a smooth or denticulate margin 14 14 Margin of pharynx denticulate iEusyllis). [Dorsal cirri ex- tremely long and first pair of ventral cirri lamellar] E. lumelUgera 14' Margin of pharynx smooth 15 15 One pair of tentacular cirri (Parapio)iot<) P. Iviigicirrata 15' Two pairs of tentacular cirri iPio)iosyUis). [Superior setae with elongated blades and inferior setae with short blades with secondary tooth larger than apical one] P. cf. umga 16 One pair of tentacular cirri 17 16' Two pairs of tentacular cirri 21 17 Dorsal cirri ovoid, minute; body surface without sticky papillae or adherent silt. (E.vogoiie) 18 17' Dorsal cirri bottle-shaped or onion-shaped; body surface with sticky papillae and adherent silt {Sphaerot<) 25 24 Body colorless or with a pair of faint dorsolateral bands when fresh. Nuchal epaulettes rudimentary. [Trepan with 18 teeth] P. coniuta 24' Body with reddish bars on alternate segments when fresh. Nuchal epaulettes reach setiger 1 P.fasciata 25 Nuchal epaulettes reach setiger 3-4. [Trepan with 30 teeth including large laterals and small teeth in the dorsal and ventral arcs. Body colorless or segments faintly banded when fresh] A. dottalius 25' Nuchal epaulettes not reaching setiger 3 26 26 A chain of 2-8 sexual buds when mature. No color pattern. Trepan with 24-36 subequal teeth A. prolifer 26' Sexual buds formed singly. Anterior segments with four red -spots when fresh. Trepan with 30-40 subequal teeth A. mbropiDictatus TrypanosyHis zebra ((Jrube, 1860) stomium broader than long, with large palps well separated basally and two pairs of eyes. TrypuiiosylliH zebra. - Fauvel, 1923: 269, Fig. Two pairs of tentacular cirri. Antennae and 101 a-e. - Day, 1967: 256, Fig. 12.6. a, b. dorsal cirri stout, with numerous (over 30) well- marked joints. Margin of pharynx (trepan) with DeNCriptiou. — Body markedly flattened, up to 10 equal teeth and a small dorsal tooth as well. 60 mm long, with two narrow purple lines across Setae all compound with bidentate blades, the anterior segments and purple dorsal cirri. Pro- two teeth being subequal and close together 28 at tip of blade. No cluster of sexual buds below pygidium. Records. — Common on coral in 6.5-18 m off Beaufort (20, *). This is a new record for the United States. Dixtrlhnt/o)/. — English Channel; Mediterran- ean; Indian Ocean; intertidal to 30 m. Syllis (Haplosyllis) spongicola (Grube. 1855) Syllii^ (Haplosyllis) spongicola. - Fauvel, 1923: 257, Fig. 38 a-h. - Day, 1967: 240, Fig. 12.1. e-i. Haplosyllis spi))igicola. - Imajima, 1966d; 220, Fig. 38 a-h. - Hartman, 1968: 433. Fig. 1-4. Records. — Common from Cape Hatteras to Beaufort; intertidal to 30 m (5, 11, 13, 15, 18, 20, *). Distribution. — Cosmopolitan in warm and tropical seas; intertidal to 100 m. Syllis gracilis Grube. 1840 Syllis gracilis. - Fauvel, 1923: 259, Fig. 96 f, i. - Pettibone, 1963a: 116, Fig. 32. - Imajima, 1966d: 248, Fig. 49 a-h. Syllis (Syllis) gracilis. - Day, 1967: 241, Fig. 12.1. m-p. Records. — Common from Cape Hatteras to Beaufort; intertidal to 20 m (3, 11. 13, 17. 18, 20, *). Distrihi(tio)i. — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas; intertidal to 200 m. basally; two pairs of eyes. Antennae and an- terior dorsal cirri with 17-25 distinct joints; posterior dorsal cirri (Figure 4n) with very in- distinct joints. Setae all compound including two or three superior ones with very long taper- ing blades (Figure 4q) and several inferior ones with bidentate blades of normal length (Figure 4o). Po.sterior setae (Figure 4p) with secondary tooth larger than apical one. Records. — One specimen from 120 m off Beaufort (*). Distrihntio)!. — Eastern Atlantic from Ireland and the Canary Islands to Angola and South Africa; intertidal to 30 m. Syllis (Langerhansia) cornuta Rathke, 1843 Syllis (Ehlersia) cor)uita. - Fauvel, 1923: 267, Fig. 100. Sl////.s-corHHfo.- Pettibone. 1963a: 118, Fig.31 i,j. La)igerhausia connita. - Imajima, 1966e: 256, Fig. 51 a-o. Syllis ( Laiigerliaiisia) cornuta. - Day. 1967: 244, Fig. 12.2. s-u. Records. — Common from the Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort ; intertidal to 7 m (11, 17, 18,20). Distribution. — Cosmopolitan from the Arctic to the Antarctic; intertidal to over 2,000 m. Syllis (Typosyllis) hyalina Grube. 1863 Syllis (Typosyllis) liyalina.-Fim\-e\. 1923: 262. Fig. 98 a, b. - Day, 1967: 246, Fig. 12.2. v-x. Typosyllis ////o//(/(/.- Hartman, 1968: 487, Fig. 1- 3. Syllis (Langerhansia) ferrugina Langerhans, 1881 Figrure 4n-q Syllis (Ehlersia) ferrugina. - Fauvel, 1923: 269, Fig. 100 k-u. Syllis (Langerhansia) fernigi)ia. - Day, 1967: 244. Fig. 12.2. o-r." Description. — Body about 10 mm long, with- out color markings. Palps large and separate Description. — Length 10-35 mm. Prostomium with palps .separate basally; three antennae, two pairs of eyes, and anterior ocular specks. Two pairs of tentacular cirri. Pharynx long with anterior dorsal tooth. Antennae and dorsal cirri distinctly jointed; dorsal cirri short and fusi- form, those of middle segments having about 8-15 joints. Setae all compound with obviously bidentate blades. Records. — Two specimens from 20 and 160 m off Beaufort (*). Distribution. — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas; intertidal to shallow depths. 29 Syllis (Typosyllis) regulata carolinae New Subspecies Figure 4a-f Holotype. — USNM 43146; five paratypes, USNM 43147. Description. — Body 20 mm long, very slender with rounded segments and long many-jointed dorsal cirri. No color markings. Prostomium (Figure 4a) broader than long with four small eyes and elongate palps separated basally. Median antenna much longer than laterals and inserted between eyes. Pharynx extending through 11 segments with a large anterior dorsal tooth. Proventriculus with 32 rows of points and extending through 5 or 6 segments. Dorsal cirri alternating in length; longer ones of middle segments (Figure 40 exceeding twice segmental breadth and having about 40 joints, shorter ones equalling segmental breadth and having about 25 joints. Setigerous lobes long and conical, ventral cirri slender and pointed. Com- pound setae similar throughout, with long spi- nules on cutting edge of blade and strongly bidentate ends, the secondary tooth becoming stronger than apical one in posterior feet (Figure 4c). Two simple setae in posterior feet; superior one (Figure 4d) truncate or emarginate and inferior one (Figure 4e) with a definitely bi- dentate tip. Remarks. — Imajima (1966e) described Typo- syllis regulata from Seto, Japan, and compared it with Typosyllis trioicata Haswell from Aus- tralia and ri/p(».s-7///(.s /(«*•// Berkeley and Berkeley from Vancouver. All agree in having slender bodies, long many-jointed dorsal cirri and strongly bidentate compound setae, but differ in the length of the proventriculus and details of the acicula and posterior simple setae. Like T. truncuta, the Carolinean specimens have the proventriculus extending through five or six segments, but they differ in having biden- tate inferior simple setae and not pointed ones. Like T. regulata the Carolinean specimens differ from T. harti in having slightly knobbed acicula (Figure 4b) and setae with a strong secondary tooth and long serrations on the cutting edge of the blade. The Carolinean specimens differ from T. regulalu in having a shorter proventric- ulus, which extends through 5-6 segments and not 11 and in having superior simple .setae whose ends are truncate to bilobed instead of pointed. These differences are small and do not warrant more than subspecific rank. Records. — Off Beaufort in 20 m on shelly sand (*). Syllis (Typosyllis) alternata Moore, 1908 Typosyllis alteniata. - Imajima, 1966e: 273, Fig. 58 a-1. Records. — Common on corals in 18 m off Beaufort (20). Distrihiitioii. — Alaska to California; Japan and northwest Japan Sea; intertidal to 350 m. Syllis (Typosyllis) prolifera Krohn, 1852 Syllis (Typosyllis) prolifera. - Fauvel, 1923: 261, Fig. 97 a-g. - Day, 1967: 248, Fig. 12.3. g-i. Typo.^yllis prolifera. - Imajima, 1966e: 292, Fig. 65 a-n. Records. — On corals in 18 m off Beaufort (20). Distribution. — English Channel; Mediterran- ean; Indo-west-Pacific from South Africa to Japan; Brazil; intertidal to 30 m. Amblyosyllis formosa Claparede. 1863 Pterosyllis f>n)!o.^a. - Fauvel, 1923: 280, Fig. 105 h-m. Amblyosyllis formosa. - Day, 1967: 259, Fig. 12.6. m-p. Records. — On corals in 18 m off Beaufort (20). Distribution. — North Atlantic from Plymouth to Senegal; Mediterranean; intertidal to 30 m. Streptosyllis arenae Webster and Benedict. 1884 Streptosyllis arenae Webster and Benedict, 1884: 711, pi. 2: Fig. 17-21, pi. 3: Fig. 22, 23. - Pettibone, 1963a: 127, Fig. 31 1, m. Records. — Two specimens from 5 to 10 m off Beaufort (*). Distribution. — Massachu.setts; intertidal. 30 Figure 4. — Syllis rcynlata carolhiae n. subsp. a, head; b, aciculum; c, posterior compound seta; d, superior simple seta; e. inferior simple seta; f, foot. Odoiitoni/lliK lunyixvta n. sp. g, head; h. pharynx slit dorsally and flattened to show teeth; i, foot; j, seta. Pioiioni/llis cf. niaya k, foot with longer dorsal cirrus; 1, superior seta; m, inferior seta. Syllis (Ldnycrlnnisid) fciruyimi n, posterior foot; o, inferior seta of an anterior foot; p, inferior seta of a posterior foot ; q. superior seta. 31 Odontosifllis longiseta. New Species K inure 4(1:-]. OdontosyUis n. sp. Day, Field, and Montgomery, 1971: 121. Holotupv.—VSNM 43120; 100+ paratypes, USNM 43121. Dencriptiou. — Numerous specimens obtained but all broken. Complete specimen probably 15-20 mm long by 1.5 mm wide for 60-70 seg- ments. Body stout, strongly arched dorsally but flattened ventrally. No color pattern and whole worm uniformly flesh pink in alcohol. Prostomium (Figure 4g) much broader than long and separated from tentacular segment by a deep groove. Palps broad and flattened, fused basally and bent ventrally. Two pairs of large red eyes, three rather short antennae, and a pair of curved nuchal ridges almost encircling posterior pair of eyes. Tentacular segment very short and fused dorsally to setiger 1, the large circular occipital flap appearing to arise from the latter. Two pairs of tentacular cirri slightly longer than antennae. Mouth with well defined lateral lips; buccal cavity with an internal dor- sal projection at entrance to pharynx. Pharynx short, broad and strongly chitinized with a ven- tral arc of six recurved teeth and a cutting plate on either side (Figure 4h). Pharynx ex- tending from setiger 8 to 10 and followed by a long muscular proventriculus with 60 rows of points extending from setiger 10 to 18. Antennae, tentacular cirri, and dorsal cirri all smooth, tapered, and relatively short. An- terior dorsal cirri barely three-quarters seg- mental breadth, those of middle segments alter- nately longer and equal to half segmental breadth or shorter and equal to one third seg- mental breadth. Parapodia (Figure 4i) with setigerous lobes stout and obviously bilabiate with the setae issuing from a slit; ventral cirri stout with pointed tips. Setae (Figure 4j) all compound, with shaft-heads well serrated and blades unusually long and strongly bidentate; secondary tooth as large as apical one. No simple setae even in posterior feet. Remarks. — As noted earlier, the buccal cavity has an internal dorsal ridge which extends back and becomes a digitiform lobe at the entrance of the pharynx. A similar structure was noted by Day (1967) in Odontosyllis polycera (Schmar- da) and Pharyngeovalvata natalensh Day. Both also possess an occipital flap so that the two genera are related although Pliarynf/eovalvata lacks chitinous teeth. In Od(>)itosyllis lo)igiscta the occipital flap appears to arise from the first setiger but this is due to the fact that the dorsal part of the ten- tacular segment is fused to the first setiger. In other species, where these two segments are separate, the occipital flap definitely arises from the tentacular segment. 0. lonqiseta is easily distinguished by the long, strongly bidentate blades of the setae, short dorsal cirri and the large occipital flap. In O. fitlgiDxuis Claparede, recorded by Petti- bone (1963a) from New England, the setal blades are short, the dorsal cirri are about equal to the segmental breadth and the occipital flap is small. In O. ctoiostuma Claparede, (). polycera (Schmarda), and O. dugesia)ia Claparede the setal blades are all short; in O. gibba Claparede the blades are long but unidentate. R( cords. — Common off Beaufort in 20-200 m (21 *). Eusyllis lamelligera Marion and Bobretzky, 1875 Eusyllis lamelligera. - Fauvel, 1923: 294, Fig. 113 a-e. - Pettibone, 1963a: 120, Fig. 33, 34a-d. Records. — North Carolina in 7 m (3, 17). Distribution. — North Atlantic from Massa- chusetts to North Carolina and the English Channel to Spain; Mediterranean; 7-37 m. Parapionosyllis longicinata (Webster and Benedict. 1884) Pioiiosyllis miuiita. - Fauvel, 1923: 292, Fig. lllf. Parapionosyllis lotigicirrata. - Pettibone, 1963a: 132, Fig. 35 e, f. Ri cords. — Thirteen specimens in 10-20 m off Beaufort (21, *). Distrihutio)!. — Massachusetts; Mediterran- ean; intertidal to 20 m. 32 Pionosyllis cf. uraga Imajima. 1966 FigTJre 4k-ni Desc)ipti())i. — Body incomplete, with only 35 segments measuring 3 mm. No color markings. Prostomium with two pairs of eyes and three slender antennae; the median arising far back and twice as long as laterals. Palps broad, flattened, bent downwards, quite separate ba- sally. Pharynx long with a smooth margin and a small dorsal tooth a quarter the way back. Proventriculus as long as pharynx with 30 rows of points. Parapodia with stout, blunt setigerous lobes bearing broad ventral cirri mainly fused to ventral margin. Dorsal cirri alternately very long and slender (Figure 4k), up to 1.5 times segmental breadth or short and only half seg- mental breadth. Setae characteristic and of two types, 3 to 5 superior ones (Figure 41) with very long blades tapering to fine tips and 7 to 10 inferior ones (Figure 4m) with broad, bi- dentate chopper-shaped blades without mar- ginal spinules. Apical tooth small and incon- spicuous, secondary tooth larger and hooked. Acicula with faintly knobbed tips. ReiHarks. — The long tapered blades of the superior setae are remini.scent of the subgenus Lai/f/crhanKia but the latter has articulated dorsal cirri and here they are all quite smooth. This single broken specimen from North Caro- lina closely resembles PidiKixyllis tiragu as de- scribed by Imajima, (1966c: 114, Fig. 37 a-g) from Japan. However, the blades of the setae lack spinules, the shaft-heads are not serrated and the heads of the acicula lack a band of microscopic spinules. More material is required before the identification can be confirmed. Records. — One specimen from 120 m off Beaufort (*). Exogone gemmifera (Pagenstecher, 1862) Exogone geiuDiifcra. - Fauvel, 1923: 305, Fig. 117 a-d. - Imajima, 1966a: 397, Fig. 2 a-h. - Day, 1967: 274, Fig. 12.10. p-u. Exogo)ie )iai(liua. - Pettibone, 1954: 258, Fig. 28 e. Dc!. — Cosmopolitan in temperate seas; intertidal to 1.50 m. Sphaerosyllis fortuifa Webster. 1879 Spliaerosyllis fortiiila Webster, 1879: 221, pi. 4: Fig. 44-48. Records. — No record from North Carolina. Distribution. — Virginia; in 0 to 10 m. Sphaerosgllis pirifera Claparede, 1868 Spliacrosijllis pirifera. - Fauvel, 1923: 301, Fig. 115 1-p. Description. — Body 3 mm long with 36 seg- ments. Surface with a few scattered adhesive papillae. Prostomium with fu.sed palps, four eyes and three subequal bottleshaped antennae, the median one inserted between posterior pair of eyes. One pair of tentacular cirri. Dorsal cirri similar to antennae and tentacular cirri and present on all setigers except .second. Setigerous lobes bluntly conical. No sign of internal cap- sules above parapodia. Five compound .setae, all with short unidentate blades and, from setiger 2 onwards, one superior simple seta with a smooth curved tip. Remarks. — The specimen from Beaufort agrees with Fauvel's description except that the palps are shorter and the dorsal cirri are smaller than the setigerous lobes. Records. — One specimen from 20 m off Beau- fort (*). This is a new record for the Atlantic coast of the United States. Distribution. — Mediterranean; British Co- lumbia to southern California; 0-10 m. Eiirysgllis tuberculata Ehlers. 1864 Eurysyllis tuberculata. Fig. 101 i-o. Fauvel, 1923: 271, Description. — Body 3 mm long with about 50 segments. Dorsum flattened and covered with six rows of globular papillae, the outer- most pair on each segment representing dorsal cirri. Prostomium broader than long with three globular antennae and four eyes. Palps bent and united basally forming a hood in front of mouth. Peristome with two globular papillae and two pairs of globular tentacular cirri. Pharynx with a trepan of 10 marginal teeth plus a dor.sal tooth. Proventriculus globular. Parapodia each with a globular dorsal cirrus and a short ventral cirrus separated from the blunt setigerous lobe (not fused to it, as stated by Fauvel). Setae compound and falcigerous with unidentate blades of medium length; acic- uIm with swollen ends. Records. — One specimen off Beaufort in 40 m (*). This is a new record for the United States. Disti-iliiition. — Mediterranean; Madeira: En- glish Channel; intertidal to a few meters. Bronia piisilla (Dujardin, 1839) Grubca pnsilhi. - Fauvel, 1923: 299, Fig. 115 a-f. Brania pusilla. - Day, 1967: 267, Fig. 12.9. d-f. Records. — Abundant on corals off Beaufort, in 6.5-18 m (20). 34 Distribiitiou. — North Atlantic from the Eng- lish Channel to Morocco; Mediterranean; South Africa; intertidal to 30 m. Dixtrihiifiim. — Massachusetts to Caribbean; intertidal to 83 m. Brunia claiota (Ciaparede. lS(i8) Gnihva rUivata. - Fauvel. 1923: 296, Fig. 114 a-e. Bixuihi clnvata. - Hartman, 1944c: 338, pi. 24: Fig. 5-8, pi. 25: Fig. 2. - Pettibone, 1963a: 133, Fig. 35 b. - Imajima, 1966a: 393, Fig. 1 a-g. RccfDxl.^. — Common on corals in 18 m off Beaufort (20). Di!lytii.s prolifer. - Fauvel, 1923: 311, Fig. 119. - ■.' Pettibone, 1963a: 145, Fig. 40. - ? Day, 1967: 284, Fig. 12.13. f-k. - Gidholm. 1967: 186. Fig. 14, 15, 7A,8. Note. — According to Gidholm (1967), many of the earlier records of this species are doubtful. Nonetheless, it should be noted that A. prolifer has been reported from Beaufort Sound and on corals in 6-18 m by several workers (5, 8, 11, 15, 17, 18, and 20). Apart from the type locality (Norway) it has also been rejjorted from several localities in the North Atlantic, the Mediter- ranean, and South Africa. Fresh material is needed to confirm this distribution. Proceraea cornitta (Agassiz. 1863) Aiitoli/tns c)ierei>i) vemipcdatd Ehlers, 1887: 116, pi. 36: Fig. 5-10. - Monro, 19.'«b: 256. R(r(,rds. — On coral in 10-18 m off Beaufort (14,20). Distribution. — North Carolina to Florida and the West Indies in 10-18 m. Platynereis diimerilii (Audouin and Milne-Edwards, 18.3.3) Plattpiereis d/niurilii. - Fauvel, 1923: 359, Fig. 141 a-f. - Pettibone, 1963a: 154, Fig. 43. - Day, 1967: 306, Fig. 14.4 d-k. Ri cards. — Common in mucus tubes attached to weeds all along North Carolina: intertidal to a few meters (3, 5, 11, 13, 14, 18). Distribiitid)^ — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas; intertidal to 10 m. Nereis (Nereis) lamellosa Ehlers, 1868 Nereis (Ncrei.'i) lanxilasa. - Fauvel, 1936: 36. - Day, 1967: 314, Fig. 14.7. a-t. Dcftcriptio}!. — Prostomium broadly triangu- lar with brownish marks laterally. Proboscis (Figure 5k, 1) with group I = 1; II = an oblique double row; III = an oval group of about 10: IV = a wedge of numerous points; V = 0-3; VI = a rosette of 8-10; VII and VIII = three or four irregular rows. Anterior feet (Figure 5m) with three pointed notopodial lobes and a longer dorsal cirrus. Middle feet with only two notopodial lobes; posterior feet with superior notopodial lobe expanded and last few feet (Figure 5o) with superior notopodial lobe broad and lamellar bearing the small dorsal cirrus at its apex. Anterior notosetae all homo- gomph spinigers with rather short blades; pos- terior notosetae mainly homogomph spinigers but some feet with one or two homogomph fal- cigers with rather long blades (Figure 5n). Anterior and posterior neurosetae essentially similar, including homogomph and heterogomph spinigers with short blades and heterogomph falcigers with rather straight blades. Rci»ark.'<. — Nereis (Nereis) lamello.^a and Nereis (Neaiitlies) succiiiea are very similar apart from the presence of notopodial falcigers in the former. They occur together in many parts of the world although N. siiccinea extends into estuaries while N. lameUosn does not. The notopodial falcigers of .V. hiniellosa are not numerous and readily lose their apices and their shafts are no stouter than those of the spinigers. As a result the complete absence of notopodial falcigers and the separation of N. sticciiiea from N. lamellosa is not easy. Records. — One specimen on coral in 10 m off Beaufort (*). This is a new record for the United States. Distribution. — Mediterranean, Morocco, Sen- egal, and South Africa; 10-150 m. Nereis (Nereis) grayi Pettibone. 1956 Nereis (Nereis) (/rayi Pettibone, 1956: 282, Fig. 3; 1963a: 183, Fig. 42 i. Reco)xIs. — Five specimens off Beaufort in 20-200 m (*). Distribution. — Massachusetts; intertidal in mud to 18 m. Nereis (Nereis) riisei Grube, 1856 PMtrure .it>-j Nereis riisei. - Augener, 1922: 42; 1925: 6. - Hartman, 1951: 46. Description. — Body up to 30 mm long; fresh specimens often with a brown bar across peri- stome or setiger 2 and dorsolateral spots on anterior segments. Tentacular cirri often reach- ing setiger 6. Proboscis (Figure 5g, h) with area I = 1-3 points in line; II = a double row; III = an oval group; IV = a wedge; V = 0; VI = a close-set group of 3-9 points; VII and VIII = one row of 3-7. Anterior feet (Figure 5i) with two notopodial lobes and a slender dorsal cirrus longer than short superior lobe. Posterior feet essentially similar. Notosetae of posterior feet include a few spinigers and usually one large homogomph falciger (Figure 5j) with an almost straight, lightly serrated blade. 39 Figure ">. — Wchateriiiereis tridoitalii a, head; b and c, dorsal and ventral views of proboscis; d, anterior foot; e, posterior falciger; f, posterior foot of juvenile. Nereis riisci g and h. dorsal and ventral views of proboscis; i, anterior foot; j, notopodial falciger. Nereis lanielloKa k and I, dorsal and ventral views of proboscis; m, anterior foot; n, notopodial falciger; o, posterior foot. Nephtyn (Aylaophiimus) circinata p, anterior ends; q, anterior view of foot. 40 Records. — Eight specimens from 40 m off Beaufort (*). Distribution. — Florida and Mexico (Vera- cruz) to the West Indies; on shallow reefs. Nereis (Nereis) falsa Quatrefages, 1865 Nereis falsa. - Fauvel, 1923: 337, Fig. 129 e-m. - Day, 1967: 317, Fig. 14.7 k-o (with syn- onymy). Nereis pelagica occideiitalis Hartman, 1945: 20, pi. 4: Fig. 1-6; 1951: 46. Nereis occi(le)italis. - McCloskey, 1970: 26. Rieords. — Sounds and shallow reefs in 7 m near Beaufort (5, 11, 13, 15, 18, 20, *). Distribution. — Warm and tropical Atlantic from France to West Africa and North Carolina to the Gulf of Mexico; Mediterranean; South Africa to Madagascar; intertidal to 30 m. Nereis (Neanthes) succinea Frey and Leuckart. 1847 Neautltes siicci)iea. - Hartman, 1945: 17, pi. 3: Fig. 1-2; 1968: 529, Fig. 1-5. Nereis (Neanthes) siieeiiieu. - Pettibone, 1963a: 165, Fig. 44 a-e, 45 a-d. - Day, 1967: 321, Fig. 14.9. a-e. Records. — Common on the shores of Beaufort Sound and offshore in 6.5-40 m (3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 17, 18, 19,20,21, *). Distribi(ti())i. — Atlantic from the North Sea to South Africa and Massachusetts to Uraguay; Pacific Ocean from California to Panama; Indian Ocean from Cape Point to Natal; estuarine and intertidal to 40 m. Nereis (Neanthes) acuminata Ehlers, 1868 Nereis (Neantiies) caiidata. - Fauvel, 1923: 347, Fig. 135 a-e. - Day, 1967: 321, Fig. 14.9. f-j. - Hartman, 1968: 525, Fig. 1-5. Neri'is arenacendentata Moore, 1903: 729, pi. 40: Fig. 1-10. - Pettibone, 1963a: 162, Fig. 44 i, 45 e. Remarks. — Pettibone (1963a) states that Nereis caiidata Delle Chiaje is a homonym. The next available name is Nereis aciimi)iata Ehlers. Reroi'ds. — Seven specimens from 40 to 80 m off Beaufort (*). Distribiitidii. — North Atlantic from the Eng- lish Channel to Spain and Massachusetts to Florida; Mediterranean; South Africa; south- ern California to Mexico; southern Australia, Tasmania, and New Zealand ; intertidal to 100 m. FAMILY NEPHTYIDAE Key to subgenera and species of Nephtys 1 Interramal gills long and involute, curving downwards, then inwards 2 1' Interramal gills short and revolute, curving downwards, then outwards (subgenus Nephtijs) 4 1" No interramal gills (subgenus Mici'oiieplithys) No N.C. record 2 No proboscideal papillae. No ventral cirrus (subgenus Iner- monephtijs). [Dorsal cirri very long] A^. (I.) iiierniis 2' Proboscideal papillae and ventral cirri present (subgenus Aglaoplianins). [Forked setae present] 3 3 Eyes present. Dorsal cirri digitiform. Neuropodium with a straplike superior lamella and broad postsetal one N. (A.) cerrilli 3' Eyes absent. Dorsal cirri flattened. Neuropodium without a straplike superior lamella, only a large ligulate postsetal one A^. (A.) circiiiata 41 4 Anterior dorsum with prey segmental bars. [A few short, geniculate, postacicular setae with coarse teeth at base of blade] N. (N.) picta 4' Dorsum uniformly pale 5 5 Bases of parapodia with scalelike lamellae covering inter- segmental junctions both dorsally and ventrally N. (N.) squamosa 5' Bases of parapodia without scales 6 6 A red spot in middle of prostomium. Shorter postacicular setae with denticles at base of blade A'. (N.) biiccra 6' No red spot on prostomium. Postacicular setae without denti- cles at base of blade A'. (N.) iiicisa Nephtys (Inermonephtys) inermis Ehlers. 1887 NcpJithjix (Af/laopliannis) iiicri)iis Ehlers, 1887: 125, pi. 38: Fig. 1-6. Nephthys i)ier)>ns. - Fauvel, 1928: 375, Fig. 147. - Hartman, 1940: 234, pi. 39: Fig. 84-86; pi. 40: Fig. 95. l7ierni(iiH'plit!/s iiienm's. - Fauchald, 1968: 16, pi. 4: Fig. 31-35. Description. — Body up to 50 mm long. Pro- stomium bluntly rectangular in front with a posterior prolongation. Two pairs of antennae but neither pair obvious; anterior pair bent down below margins of prostomium, posterior pair on sides of nuchal grooves at level of sub- dermal eyes. Proboscis very long and muscular but without i)apillae. Jaws as lightly chitinized ridges far back. First setiger small, bearing a digitiform dorsal ciriiis, a rounded postsetal lamella on notopodium. and a ventral cirrus similar to dorsal one. Second setiger similar but larger. Third setiger with first branchia originating from base of dorsal cirrus. Para- podia fully (U'veloped at 10th segment. Noto- podium formed by a blunt setigerous lobe bear- ing a rudimentary presetal lamella, a large dorsolateral postsetal lamella and lielow this, a very long dorsal cirrus and an involute bran- chia. Neuropodium formed of a bluntly conical setigerous lobe bearing a rudimentary i)resetal lamella, an even smaller i)ostsetal lamella, and a long, .stout, and tapering ventrolateral cirrus. Preacicular setae rather long luit faintly barred; postacicular setae mainly with slender blades minutely serrated but also a few forked setae. K( Diarks. — Fauchald has erected a new genus Iiier))io)ieplitj/s with N. iiie)'»iis as the type species. The genus is distinguished by the lack of proboscideal papillae, the character of the jaws and a different interpretation of the pro- stomial appendages. He regards the first pair of antennae as missing, the second pair as ven- tral and states that: "The nuchal organs are very well developed and each is equipped with one long, digitiform eversible process." His Figure 34 shows these digitiform processes as separate from the prostomium, whereas my specimens show that they arise from the mar- gins of the prostium, close to the subdermal eyes. For this reason I regard these processes as the second pair of antennae, further back than usual, but nonetheless homologous with the second pair of antennae of other nephtyids. Iiicrnioiicpliti/s is obviously related to Agla- (iplnimi/s and both are here regarded as sub- genera of S'( ph ti/s. Records.— Off Beaufort in 160-450 m (*). Distribution. — Florida and tropical Atlantic; Pacific; Mediterranean; 0-450 m. I\'ephfys (.Aglaophamiis) lerrilli Mcintosh, 188.') Xi'phtlnis vpyrilli Mcintosh. 1885: 163. pi. 26: Fig. 6, 7; pl.32A: Fig. 8. Af/laophnnnis dicirris Hartman, 1945: 22; 1950; 122, pi. 18, Fig. 1-8. 42 Ac/laopliamns ver)-illi. - Pettibone, 1963a: 190, Fig. 48 c, d. Neplitys dicirris. - Day, Field, and Montgomery, 1971: 121. Ri murks. — Hartman (19.50: 121) referred N. >•( ri-illi to Aglanplniniiis dibfaiicliis (Grube) on the ground.s that they both have 14 rows of papillae on the proboscis but Mcintosh clearly stated that A', verrilli has 22 rows of papillae as does ,4. dicirris. Records. — Beaufort, common on the shores of the sounds and offshore down to 200 m (11, 17,21, *). Disti-iliiitidii. — t'hesai)eake Bay to the Gulf of Mexico; California to the Pacific coast of Mexico; New Zealand; intertidal to 200 m. Nephtys (Aglaophamits) circinata Verriil, 1874 F'iuTjrt' .'ip. q A(/l(K)pli(uniis cirrinutu. - Pettibone, 1963a: 192, Fig. 48 a. Description. — Length up to .50 mm. Pi'o- stomium (Figure 5p) with well-developed an- terior antennae and subequal, ventrally situated posterior ones. No eyes even in juveniles. Pro- boscis with 14 rows of papillae. Setiger 1 with a large ventral cirrus but no dorsal one. Bran- chiae from setiger 2 or 3, becoming long and involute (Figure 5q), with a lai-ge flattened and distally pointed dorsal cirrus. Setigerous lobes with pointed projections over tips of acicula. Postsetal lamella of notopodium deeply notched with superior part large and projecting dorso- laterally and inferior portion small and oval. Presetal lamella of neuropodium divided, form- ing a rudimentary superior part and an oval inferior part. Postsetal lamella large and ligu- late. Ventral cirri flattened and spear-shaped. Preacicular setae long and barred; postacicular setae very long and minutely spinulose over most of blade. No forked setae. Reinarks. — This species approaches N. (A.) peruana Hartman but the latter lacks the di- vided postsetal notopodial lamella. Records. — Five specimens from 200 to 450 m off Beaufort (*). Distribution. — Gulf of St. Lawrence to Long Island Sound; in 15-787 m. Nephtys picta Ehlers. 1868 Nephtjis picta. - Hartman, 1945: 22; 1950: 108; 1951: 49, pi. 10: Fig. 4. - Pettibone, 1963a: 195, Fig. 49 c, 50 c-f. Records. — Very common on protected shores of North Carolina and in dredgings down to 200 m (3.5, 11. 13, 17, 18,21, *). Distribution. — Massachusetts to Florida and the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 200 m. Nephtys squamosa Ehlers. 1887 N(phtiis s(]uan!o.^a. - Hartman, 1940: 237. pi. 41: Fig. 98, 99: 1968: 597, Fig. 1, 2. - Petti- bone. 1963a: 194, Fig. 47 e. - Nonato and Luna. 1970b: 71, Fig. 27-31. Records. — Common off Beaufort in 80-200 m (21, *). Distribution. — Massachusetts to Florida, West Indies and Brazil; Morocco; southern California; Atlantic and Pacific coa.sts of tropi- cal America; 26-200 m. Nephtys incisa Malmgren. 1865 Nephtlujs incisiu. - Fauvel, 1923: 369, Fig. 144 a, b. N( ptl/i/s incisd. - Pettibone, 1963a: 198, Fig. 49 a. b, 51a. Records. — Beaufort; intertidal (9). Distribution. — North Atlantic from Sweden to Portugal and Greenland to Chesapeake Bay; Mediterranean; intertidal to 1,750 m. Nephtys bucera Ehlers, 1868 Nephtys bucera. - Hartman, 1950: 105. - Petti- bone, 196.3a: 196, Fig. 49 d, 50 a, b, 51 d. Records. — Common at low tide in Beaufort Sound and offshore in 10-200 m (5. 8, 9, 11, 17, 18,21, *). Distribution. — Massachusetts to North Caro- lina; 0-200 m. 43 FAMILY GLYCERIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Superior setae as simple capillaries and inferior ones com- pound and spinigerous. Two presetal lobes (Glycera) 2 1' All setae compound and spinigerous. One presetal lobe (Hcmi- podiis). [Proboscideal papillae include both oval and digiti- form types] H. roseus 2 Gills present but sometimes small and retractile. Parapodia with two postsetal lobes 3 2' Gills entirely absent. One or two postsetal lobes 4 3 Two separate cirriform gills, one on dorsal edge of para- podium and one on ventral edge Gh/ccra dibmiicliiata 3' One retractile branching gill arising from posterodorsal base of foot; [postsetal lobes subequal] Glycera unicrinnia 4 Superior presetal lobe minute. [Papillae on proboscis long and smooth] 5 4' Superior presetal lobe at least half as long as inferior one 6 5 Prongs of jaw support deeply notched, almost separate Glycera papillosa 5' Prongs of jaw support only slightly notched, almost fused Glycera capitata 6 Jaw support deeply forked, forming two slender divergent prongs 7 6' Jaw support completely fused forming one asymmetrical piece. [Papillae on proboscis with 8-10 rings] Glycera oxya pliala 7 Papillae on proboscis smooth 8 7' Papillae on proboscis with 14-16 rings. [Parapodia with one emarginate postsetal lobe (Glyc( ra tenuis)] No N.C. record 8 Two low postsetal lobes or one emarginate lobe on all feet Glycera tesselata 8' One low postsetal lobe on first few feet, dividing to form a conical superior lobe and a low rounded median posterior lobe on subsequent feet Glycera asym Dutrica Hemipodus roseus Qualrefages, 186.'> Description.— Body slender, uniformly pale in alcohol, 15-38 mm long by 0.8 mm wide with Figure 6a-c 80-100 segments. Prostomium as a slender cone with about 10 indistinct annulations and 4 small Hem/podM.s ro.sf'M.s. - Arwidsson, 1899: 28, pi. 2: terminal antennae. No eyes. Proboscis with Fig. 23, pi. 4: Fig. 58. - Hartman, 1950: 81 smooth papillae of two types (Figure 6b); (table of characters). numerous shorter tongue-shaped forms and HemipodH.s foorm//.s'.- Hartman, 1950: 81; 1968: fewer digitiform papillae about five times as 637, Fig. 1,2. long as broad. Four falcate jaws each with a 44 slender rodlike support (Figure 6a). All para- podia uniramous bearing only spinigerous setae. Anterior parapodia (Figure 6c) with an ovoid dorsal ciri-us well above the elongate setigerous base, the conical ventral cirrus arising from its ventral margin. Presetal lobe tapered and about half as long as the setigerous base; post- setal lobe low and rounded. Posterior feet with a shorter presetal lobe and a longer, more pointed ventral cirrus. Rrnun-ks. — This is the first I'ecord of the genus Hemipodus from the Atlantic since all of the 20 species that have been described are confined to the Pacific. However, the name Hemipodus >o.s'(;/.s' has been used with consider- able hesitation for the majority of the descrip- tions are very similar and a reexamination of the types is obviously necessary. A few species appear to have characteristic proboscideal pa- pillae but the rest are distinguished by dif- ferences in the shape of the parapodia which are known to change along the length of the body even in a single specimen. The type species of the genus is Hemipodus simpler (Grube) and Ehlers (1901) regarded this as the only valid species described before 1900. He included seven species in the synonymy and among them was H. roseus Quatrefages. Arwidsson (1899), how- ever, argued that H. )'oseus was a valid species and his figures of the presetal lobe of the para- podia are closer to my specimens from North Carolina than are those of Ehlers for H. sim- plex. Kno.x ( 1960) has also figured the pro- boscideal papillae of H. simpler as all flattened and triangular in outline whereas my specimens have papillae of two types as shown in Figure 6b. For these reasons I have used the name H. roseus. I have also compared the North Carolina specimens with a specimen of H. /)ore(tlis John- son from Fox Island, Wash., which Dr. Hart- man kindly sent to me. H. borealis is 38 mm long and thus twice the size of the North Carolina specimens but there are no other im- portant differences either in the shape of the parapodia or the proboscideal papillae or the jaw supports. In brief, H. borealis appears to be a synonym of H. roseu.^. Records. — Common in 3-20 m of Beaufort (21, *). Distribution. — Pacific coast of the Americas from Washington to Chile; intertidal to 18 m. Glycera dibranchiata Ehlers, 1868 Glycera dibranchiata. - Hartman, 1945: 23; 1950: 70, pi. 10: Fig. 9, 10; 1968: 621, Fig. 1-4. - Pettibone, 1963a: 215, Fig. 56. Records. — Common from Cape Hatteras to Beaufort; intertidal to 20 m (5, 9, 11, 13, 17, 18,21, *). Distribution. — Gulf of St. Lawrence to Flori- da and the Gulf of Mexico; central California to the Pacific coast of Mexico; intertidal to 400 m. Glycera americana Leidy, 1855 Glycera ameiicana. - Hartman, 1950: 73; 1968: 613, Fig. 1. - Pettibone, 1963a: 213, Fig. 54 a-e. - Nonato and Luna, 1970b: 71. Fig. 16. Records. — Common from Cape Hatteras to Beaufort; intertidal to 120 m (2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13. 15. 17, 18,21, *). Distribution. — Massachusetts to Argentina and the Strait of Magellan; British Columbia to Peru; South Australia and New Zealand; intertidal to 310 m. Glycera papillosa Grube, 1857 Gh/cera papillo.^a. - Day, 1967: 358, Fig. 16.1. j-1. Description. — Length 20-30 mm. Prostomium with eight rings. Proboscis with numerous long, slender, and smooth papillae and few ovoid forms. Jaw supports dee])ly forked; shorter prong united to longer one by a deeply notched pale area. Parapodia with two presetal lobes, superior one very small and not immediately evident; one low rounded postsetal lip. No branchiae. Remarks. — This species is generally similar to G. capitata but may be distinguished by the shape of the jaw supports. Records. — Five specimens off Beaufort in 20-160 m (20, *). This is a new record for the United States. Distribution. — South Africa and Chile; inter- tidal to 200 m. 45 FJKure (), — llciiiipdiliis nixiiis a, jaw anli)iae 3' Compound setae all spinigerous. Notosetae of posterior seg- ments arising from bilobed notopodia {Gl/iriiida) 4 4 Twenty-four anterior segments without notosetae Glycinde solitaria 4' Thirty-seven anterior segments without notosetae Gltic'unU iio)-diiiainii 5 Superior compound setae spinigerous and inferior ones fal- cigerous (GouiadeUa); [28-30 anterior uniramous segments] Goniadtllu gmciUa 5' All compound setae spinigerous {Gauiade) 6 6 Posterior notopodia bear 2-3 acicular notosetae. [Neuropodia with 2 presetal lobes; jaws with an arc of 11 denticles above and 9 below] Goniadu teres 6' Posterior notopodia bear several capillary notosetae 7 7 Anterior feet (e.g., 15th) all with one presetal lobe. [Jaws with few (3-5) denticles dorsally and the same number ventrally] Gouiada niacnlata T Anterior feet (e.g., 15th) with two presetal lobes 8 8 Papillae on proboscis with a prominent beak Gouiada Uttorea 8' Papillae on proboscis squat and flanged, not beaked 9 9 Notosetae appear about segment 40-45. Jaws with 2-4 den- ticles dorsally and about 10 ventrally Gouiada brinniea 9' Notosetae appear about segment 30-37. Jaws with 15-25 den- ticles dorsally and an equal number ventrally Goiidia norveyica Progoniada regularis Hartman, 1965 Progoniada rcgularii^ Hartman, 1965a: 100, pi. 16: Fig. a-f. Records. — Two specimens in 450 m off Beau- fort (*). Distribiitiou. — Western Atlantic from New England to northwestern South America in 600-5,000 m. Goniadides carolinae New Species FiKTJre 7a-h Goniadides n. sp. Day, Field, and Montgomery, 1971: 121 Holoti/pe.—VSNM 43389; 40 4- paratypes, USNM 43390. Description. — Body slender and threadlike, 16 mm long for 85 segments. Color pale with light brown spots above and below parapodial bases. Prostomium (Figure 7a) long and ta- pered with eight distinct rings and four bi- articulate terminal antennae. No eyes. Base of proboscis smooth and without chevrons but distal part with regular rows of dissimilar papillae as in the genus Glycinde. As seen in section (Figure 7h), middorsal row I absent; dorsolateral band II formed of four alternating rows of sti'ongly chitinized and curved papillae; lateral row III as a single series of low cones; ventrolateral row IV similar to III; midventral row V as a single series of minute cones each slightly beaked. All papillae with apical pores. End of proboscis (Figure 7d) armed with a pair of ventrolateral macrognaths each bearing four 48 teeth, a single midventral micrognath, and a dorsolateral arc of micrognaths. Body divided into an anterior region of 18 uniramous segments and a posterior region of numerous rather flattened and biramous seg- ments. Distinction between regions not obvious. Anterior parapodia (Figure 7b) with a tapered dorsal cirrus, a long setigerous trunk bearing a tapered presetal lobe and a low, rounded postsetal lip and a tapered ventral cirrus arising from base of trunk. Posterior parapodia (Figure 7c) characterized by presence of one or two short hooked notosetae (Figure 7e) emerging from medial margin of reduced dorsal cirrus now representing the notopodium. Neuropodium and ventral cirnas similar to setigerous trunk and ventral cinois of anterior segments. Setae of anterior segments and neurosetae of posterior segments identical; three superior ones being spinigerous with heterogomph shaft-heads and lightly serrated blades (Figure 7f) and one or two inferior ones being falcigerous (Figure 7g) with small blades ending in blunt tips. Pygidium brownish with a pair of long anal cirri. Ri'iinifkx. — The characters of the paratypes were very constant, the only differences from the holotype that were noted being the presence of 5 micrognaths in the dorsolateral arc in- stead of 9 and the anterior region consisting of 19 segments instead of 18. In general G. cai-oliuae resembles a small Glychide but differs from that genus in the possession of falcigerous setae, a reduced noto- podium in the posterior region and possibly in the proboscideal papillae although the range of variation of these organs in Glycindc is un- certain. The genus Goiiiadidcs was erected by Hartmann-Schroder (1960) for G. aciciilutu from the Red vSea. Regarding the proboscideal papillae she stated: "ProboscidialeOrgane wenig unterschiedlich." In 1962 she described G. fal- cigi m from Peru with all neurosetae falcigerous and proboscideal papillae of several types like those of Ghjciiide although she does not men- tion that genus. Gai/iadidcK carolhuw is closer to G. aciciila but differs in the structure of the notopodial hooks and the proboscideal papillae. Records. — Common on sand in 10-20 m off Beaufort (21, *). This is the first record of the genus from the Atlantic and the coast of the United States. Glycinde solitaria (Webster, 1880) Gl!ici}}de sdlitaria. - Hartman, 1950: 54, pi. 7: Fig. 1-15. - Pettibone, 1963a: 222, Fig. 56 h-n. Records. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort, intertidal (11, 18). Distribution. — New Jersey to North Carolina and Puerto Rico; intertidal to 47 m. Glycinde nordmanni (Malmgren, 1865) Fifrure Ti-k Eo)u- )iordniunni. - Fauvel, 1923: 394, Fig. 155 h-n. Gljiciiidc uordnidiiiii. — Arwidsson, 1899: 50, pi. 3: Fig. 45-47, pi. 4: Fig. 64, 65. - Hartman, 1950: 47 (key only). Description. — Body about 30 mm long, olive green in alcohol with midventral spots on ab- dominal segments; prostomium long and tapered with eyespots on both basal and distal rings. Proboscis with the usual longitudinal rows of dissimilar papillae; dorsolateral bands long, clawlike and well chitinized, lateral and ventral rows low and soft. .Jaws with a jjair of small macrognaths ventrally and an arc of 15-25 micrognaths dorsally. No ventral micrognaths. Body divided into an anterior region of 36-39 uniramous segments and a posterior region of numerous, rather flattened biramous segments. Anterior feet (Figure 7i) with a tapered dorsal cirrus not incised basally, a parapodial ti'unk bearing one presetal and one postsetal lobe of equal length and a digitiform ventral cirrus. Setae all compound and spinigerous and arise between partly fused presetal and postsetal lobes. Posterior feet (Figure 7j) with a small notopodium and much larger neuropodium. Notopodial lobes and dorsal cii'rus subequal. Notosetae (Figure 7k) short, .stout, and acicular, the bluntly hooked end surmounted by a dag- ger-shaped guard. Neuropodia generally simi- lar to setigerous lobes of anterior feet but pre- setal and postsetal lobes shorter and more pointed and ventral cirrus stouter and more distal in origin. Neurosetae spinigerous like those of anterior feet. 49 Ki(iUi-c 7. — Goiiiddidcx (■(iiiiHikic n. sp. a. head with probosc-is partly extruded; b. posterior view of anterior foot; c, posterior view of posterior foot; d. end of prol)oseis with jaws; e. hootced posterioi- notoseta; f, spiiiiserous seta; e, falfifierous seta; h, section of proboscis with papillae. CUichuU: iionhiKniiii i. anterior foot; j, posterior foot; k, acioular notoseta. Ooiiidda tcrrs- 1, prolioscideal papilla; m. posterior view of anterior foot; n. posterior view of posterior foot. 50 Records. — Two specimens from 80 to 120 m off Beaufort (*). This is a new record for the United States. Dist fihiil idii. — Western P^urojje; 5-l,")i) ni. Goniadella gracilis (\errill. 1)-ds. — Twelve specimens off Beaufort in 80-1.650 m (21. *). Distrili/it ioii. — Cosmopolitan from low tide to 2.000 m. Goniada /e?f.s Tread well, 1931 F^iuui't' "1-11 Goniada fens. - Hartman. 1950: 38. D< scripiioii. — Body up to 80 mm long, olive green in alcohol with midventral spots on ab- dominal segments. Prostomium long and ta- pered with 10 rings and 2 pairs of minute terminal antennae. Proboscis very long and covered with squat papillae (Figure 71) each with a slit leading to a central pore and a horse- shoe-shaped flange. Ba.se of proboscis with 10 chevrons. Jaws include a pair of ventrolatei-al macrognaths. a ventral arc of 5-9 micrognaths and a dorsal arc of 10-15 micrognaths. Body divided into an anterior region of 43 uniramous segments, 8-9 transitional segments with bilobed notopodia but no notosetae. and a posterior region of numerous biramous seg- ments with notosetae. Sometimes 51 anterior uniramous segments but no transitional seg- ments. Anterior parapodia (Figure 7m) fully developed from 15th segment. Each with a tapered dorsal cirrus, a setigerous trunk bearing two digitiform i)resetal lobes, and a single post- setal lobe and below these a long ventral cirrus. Setae spinigerous with long blades. Posterior parapodia (Figure 7n) with a small bilobed notopodium bearing two or three blunt acicular setae and a neuropodium generally similar to setigerous lobe of anterior feet but with shorter, broader, and more pointed presetal and post- setal lobes. Records. — Common off Beaufort in 20-200 m Goniada littorea Hartman, 1950 Goiiiadd Utto)-ea Hartman. 1950: 23. pi. 3: Fig. 1-10. Reco)-ds. — Common off Beaufort in 3-160 m (21, *). This is the first record from the Atlantic coast of the United States. Distribution. — Southern California; intertidal to 160 m. Goniada brunnea Treadwell, 1906 Goniada Ijrnnneu. - Hartman. 1950: 17, pi. 1: Fig. 1-6, pi. 4. Fig. 1, te.\t Fig. 1; 1968: 653, Fig. 1-4. - Pettibone. 1963a: 228, Fig. 57 a. b. Reco)-ds. — From the shore in the Cape Hat- teras area and questionably in 200 m off Beau- fort (18. ? *). Distril)ntion. — Massachusetts to North Caro- lina and Alaska to .southern California and Hawaii; intertidal to 1,680 m. Goniada norvegica Oersted, 1845 Goniada norrcgica. - Fauvel, 1923: 393, Fig. 155 a-g. - Pettibone, 1963a: 227, Fig. 59. Records. — One specimen from 200 m off Beaufort (*). Distrilnition. — North Atlantic from Norway to West Africa and Iceland to the West Indies; Mediterranean; from 40 to 900 m. 51 FAMILY El'NICIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Three antennae. No tentacular cirrus. No branchiae. {Lysi- dice). [Ma.xilla II with 4 teeth] 2 r Five antennae. Tentacular cirri present or ab.sent. Branchiae present 3 2 Eyes oval L. »i)ietta ni}ietta 2' Eyes reniform L. nuietta cnlhtrift 3 Tentacular cirri present (Eiotice) 4 3' Tentacular cirri absent (Marphyxa). [Branchiae from about 20th foot to posterior end. Compound setae spinigerous. Acicular setae bidentate] M. m)ig!(in('ic()(i Dioputra spii-ll>ntiichis Augener, 1906: 145, pi. 5: Fig. 88-96. -Nonato and Luna, 1970b: 74. D( so-iptidH. — Length up to 260 mm. Tube muddy, fragile, without shell fragments. Body pale with two brown bars close together on posterior margins of branchiferous segments. Ceratophores of occipital antennae with about 10 rings. Pseudocompound hooks of first three feet strongly bidentate or even tridentate with a slender third tooth. Comb-setae with 20-25 teeth. Ventral cii-ri cirriform on first four feet. R( Diark:^. — This subspecies re.sembles D. iica- ti-l(lviis Hartman in having pseudocomjjound hooks with the third tooth slender and in having comb-setae with numerous fine teeth, but the ])igment pattern is quite different and so is the nature of the tube. Records. — Ten small specimens in 40-160 m off Beaufort (21, *). Dixtrihiilidii. — ^West Indies and Brazil in 21- 200 m on muddy sand. Rhamphobrachiiim atlanticiim. New Species Fisrure 8a-h Holoti/pi. — USNM 43124: one paratype, USNM 43125. Dcscriptidii. — Both type specimens incom- plete: holotype 55 mm long for 85 .segments and possibly 120 mm long when complete. Tube constructed of mud and mucus with large shell fragments jilastered over anterior end. Anterior end of body rounded (Figure 8a) but middle segments flattened dorsally and 7 mm wide. Color flesh brown, tentacles speckled, and head flecked with dark pigment. Occipital tentacles with short, 5-ringed cera- tophores and rather long tapered ceratostyles. Frontal tentacles ovoid and swollen. Tentacular cirri dorsolateral and well developed. Mandibles with well-developed cutting edges and pale straight shafts. Ma.xillae rather soft and brown; Mx. I = 1: Mx. II = 8-HO; Mx. Ill = 9-hO; Mx. IV = 8-^9: Mx. V = 1-^1. First three feet obviously capable of great extension but retracted and wrinkled on holo- type. Setae retracted but dissection revealed very long setasacs extending back to segment 45. thirst three feet with well-developed dorsal and ventral cirri (Figure 8b), but both cirri reduced on subsequent segments. First gill as a single filament on dorsal cirrus of sixth foot but subsequent gills with a maximum of six pinnately arranged filaments (Figure 8c). Ven- tral cirri all cii'riform to fifth foot but thereafter as glandular' cushions below setigerous lobes. Setigerous lobes with a low presetal lip and a conical postsetal lobe for first three feet. Post- setal lobe I'educed on fourth to tenth foot and represented by a low postsetal boss on subse- quent feet. First three feet with three setal types: (a) six to eight fine, pointed acicula extending into base of dorsal cirrus: (b) about four stout, greatly elongated acicula with curved tips (Fig- ure 8f): and (c) about four much finer setae with two rows of spines along the shaft and hooked tips (Figure 8g). Setae of posterior feet include three or four pointed acicula and numerous winged capillaries (Figure 8e). Bidentate acicu- lar setae (Figure 8h) and fine comb-setae with 15-20 teeth (Figure 8d) from about setiger 25- 30. No spinigerous compound setae present. Re marks. — The length of the curved acicula and spiny-shafted hooks of the first three feet is remarkable. When these feet with their everted setae are fully extended they must reach far beyond the head and provide an efficient means of grasping prey. The hooks in other species of the genus are sometimes compound but here they appear plain and the tips lack sheaths. Two species of Rlia iiiphobrachiuni have been recorded from the United States, namely R. «f/((.s.s-/,:/ Ehlers from Florida to South America in 770-805 m and R. hnigosetasn ni E. and C. Berkeley from Califoi-nia to the Pacific coast of Mexico in 18-740 m. R. loiigosctdsum is im- mediately distinguished from R. atlanticum by the possession of spinigerous compound setae in 5th to the 15th foot and branchiae from the 8th to 9th foot. R. agassizi (and R. cluoii Ehlers (1908) from the Indian Ocean) are closer since they too lack spinigerous compound setae, but again the gills start farther back. In R. agassizi the first gill appears on the 11th to 17th foot 55 Figure 8. — RlKdiipliiihidcliiinii iithi Hficii m n. sp. a, lateral view of anterior end ; l>. posterior view of 1st foot; c, postei'ior view of 40th foot; d, comb-seta; e, winded capillary seta; f. tip of enlai-yvd aciculuni of 'Jd foot; R. pseudoconi- pound seta of 2d foot; h, bidentate acicular seta. and Ehlers' figures (pi. 17 Fig. 1-5 and pi. 18 Fig. 1-9) show the dorsal cirri of the first three feet arising halfway along the .setigerous lobes; the maxillae have fewer teeth and the spinules on the shafts of the pseudocompound hooks are no longer than the thickness of the shaft itself, whereas those of R. titUuiticii ni are double this. In R. clunii the gills start on the r2th foot, the first three feet do not extend beyond the head and the ventral cirri become stout glandular swellings on the 4th foot. Records.— Off Beaufort in '20 and 120 m (*). Onuphis (Nolhria) conchylega Sars, 1835 Oiiiipliis co)ichyleriHcris plati/pi/gos Fauchald, 1970: 106, pi. 18: Fig. a-d. Dc.'icriptiou. — Body threadlike, up to 25 mm long. Prostomium very long, highly contractile, usually pointed, occasionally sausage-shaped. Mandibles delicate and tapered to long slender shafts in contact throughout. Dental formula: Mx. I = (2-3) + (2-3), (main fangs indistinctly bidentate or even tridentate); II = 3 -I- 3; III = 1 + 1; IV = 1 + 1 (large oval black plates). Maxillary supports short and broad. First six to eight parapodia very small or rudimentary, sub- sequent feet larger, with conical postsetal lobes obviously longer than the low presetal ones. One to three broad-winged capillary setae from first foot to posterior feet. One to two simple hooks from setiger 4-6 to posterior end; each hook bidentate with two stout teeth at right angles to one another. Acicula pale. Ri'inai-lis — Fauchald's description of L. platij- pmios is almost identical to that given above but the examination of many specimens shows that the shape of Mx. I is more variable than he has indicated. /?f.ro)f/.s-.— Off Beaufort in 5-20 m (21, *). Distril>ntion. — South Africa (26 m); Bermuda ( 1.000 m) ; Pacific coast of Mexico. Lumbrineris paradoxa Saint-Joseph, 1888 Ln niJ)ric())iercix parado.ra. - Fauvel, 1923: 434, Fig. 173 a-h. L/nnl>iii!< fi.s paivdo.ca . - Hartman, 1965a: 119, pi. 20: Fig. a, b. Ln nibriconi ri i.'i nincmnatu Ehlers, 1908: 95, pi. 12: Fig. 9-13. Ri nuvii-s. — The three species, L. acnta Verrill, L. paradoxa Saint-Joseph and L. aberrans Day, all with characteristically long prostomia, are easily distinguished by the shape of the hooded hooks. In L. acnta. as described by Hartman, (1942a: 114, Fig. 10 d.), the hooks have a crest of minute denticles above a larger tooth, as is usual in the genus Ln nihrineris. In L. parado.ra there are two large teeth which are almost parallel and in L. al)ei-mn.'< there are two very stout teeth at right angles to one another. I agree with Hartman that L. nrncronata Ehlers is a synonym of L. parado.va, and it may also be noted that the hooded hook figured by Petti- bone, (1963a, Fig. 67 i) for L. acnta also refers to L. parado.ra. Records. — Four specimens off Beaufort in 160-200 m (*). Distribntion. — Azores; Bermuda; off Congo River mouth and North Carolina in 44-1.700 m. Lumbrineris tetraura (Schmarda. 1861) Ln mbrincoiierei-'i inipatieii.'i. - Fauvel. 1923: 429, Fig. 171 a-i. Lnnibrineris impaticns. - Pettibone. 1963a: 265, Fig. 67 j. 59 Luntbticonereif! tefraiira. - Day, 1953; 435 (with synonymy). Lumbruieris tetrauni. - Day, 1967: 439, Fig. 17.16. u-w. Rec()fd><. — Virginia to Beaufort, intertidai (11. 17). Distrihiitid)/. — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas; intertidai to 100 m. Lumbrineris sp. Description. — Length 10-15 mm. Pro.stomium conical. Mandibular shafts in contact through- out. Mx. I = 1-1-1; Mx. II = 4 4-4 (or 3-1-3 in small, 10-mm specimens); Mx. Ill = 1 -I- 1 (cut- ting plates smaller than Mx. IV); Mx. IV = 1-f-l. Anterior feet with a low presetal lobe and a longer postsetal one; middle feet small with pre- and postsetal lobes subequal; posterior feet with postsetal lobe definitely longer than presetal one. Winged capillaries from the first foot to middle of body. Simple hooks with very elongate blades resembling broken-tipped cap- illaries from third or fourth foot to about 20th and short-bladed hooks thereafter. Acicula pale. Rcmarkfi. — These small specimens do not quite fit any known species and may be juve- niles whose characters change later. In L. tenuity the hooks appear in the 12th-17th foot. In L. brivicirra Schmarda, recorded from South Africa, Au.stralia, New Zealand, Chile, and Japan, Mx. II has five teeth but the other characters are similar. Ri cords. — Twenty-three specimens in 40-200 m off Beaufort (21, *). Lumbrineris albidentata Ehlers, 1908 Lii mbrict))iercis albidentata Ehlers, 1908: 97, pi. 13; Fig. 7-13. Lnmbriueri.'i albidoitata. - Day, 1960; 357, Fig. 12 a-b; 1967; 434, Fig. 17.15. o-v. DcKcription. — Body fairly stout, up to 75 mm long. Prostomium broadly conical. Mandibles characteristic with broad divergent shafts form- ing a rough X. Maxillae with Mx. I = H-1; II = 3-f 3 (large stout teeth); III = 1-I-1;IV = 1 -I- 1 (very large white plates with black margins). Anterior feet with well-developed presetal lobes and slightly longer and broader postsetal ones; middle feet with subequal lobes; posterior feet with equal tapered lobes curving upward but not as long as setae. Winged capillaries from first foot to middle of body. Four to five com- pound hooks from first foot to 12th-17th and simple hooks thereafter. Acicula jnile. Records. — Common off Beaufcn-t in 40-200 m (21, *); This is a new record for the United States. Distribiitio)i. — South Africa; 30-200 m in sandy mud. Lumbrineris latreilli (Audouin and Milne-Edwards, 1833) Li( i»bricouereis latreilli. - Fauvel, 1923; 431, Fig. 171 m-r. LiiDihriiieris latrtiUi. - Hartman. 1944a: 158, pi. 9; Fig. 213-216. - Pettibone, 1963a; 258, Fig. 67 a-c. - Day. 1967; 4.38, Fig. 17.16. p-t. Records.— Ofi Beaufort in 10-40 m (14, 17, 21, '^). Distribntio)!. — Cosmopolitan from low tide to 2,000 m. Lumbrineris cruzensis Hartman. 1944 KiKure l)a-i Li( iiihriiieris cruzensis Hartman, 1944a; 165, pi. 12; Fig. 263-269; 1968; 751, Fig. 1-6. - Fau- chald, 1970: 83, pi. 12; Fig. g-j. Description. — Pale, slender worms 35 mm long by 0.7 mm for 150 segments. Prostomium (Figure 9a) bluntly conical. Mandibles (Figure 9c) white, with flaring, well calcified cutting plates and slender shafts in contact throughout. Maxillae (Figure 9b) dark brown and well chi- tinized;Mx.I = 1-1-1; II = 4 -1-4 (in exceptional ca.ses 3-1- 3 or 5-1-5); III = 1 -I- 1 (curved cutting plates); IV = 1 -I- 1 (larger plates than Mx. III). Anterior feet (Figure 9g) well developed, each with a low presetal lobe and a compressed, oval postsetal one. Middle feet (Figure 9h) charac- teristically small with presetal and postsetal lobes conical and subequal. Far posterior feet (Figure 9i) with slender elongated lobes slightly shorter than setae and presetal lobe slightly 60 longerthanpostsetal. Winged capillaries (Figure 9f) from first foot to middle of body and one or two sometimes persisting in posterior feet. Compound hooks (Figure 9d) from 3d or 4th foot to 20th and simple hooks (Figure 9e) there- after. All hooks with an oblique series of den- ticles above larger first tooth. Acicula pale. Remark.'i. — This species is one of the com- monest worms on the continental shelf of North Carolina. The specimens are almost always broken and the characteristic terminal feet with their subequal filamentous lobes are usually missing. For this reason and because there are several species with comi)ound hooks ante- riorly and closely related to L. o'/izcii-^is, the characters of these North Carolina specimens have been described in detail. The shape of Mx. Ill is important but difficult to describe for the statement that Mx. Ill has one tooth is not really accurate; actually it has no teeth, only a cutting edge with an angular corner. L. magal- hacnsci^ Kinberg, L. gracilis Ehlers, and L. linii- cola Hartman, are all said to have "one tooth" on Mx. Ill and it is necessary to see the fila- mentous subequal lobes on the far posterior feet to distinguish L. criizoi.'^in. The description of L. cnizex.^is given by Hartman (1944a) fits the North Carolina material in all respects ex- cept that Mx. Ill are smaller than Mx. IV. Records. — Abundant off Beaufort in 20-200 m (21, *). This is a new record for the Atlantic coast. Dist)'ibi(ti(iii. — British Columbia to Pacific coast of Mexico; about 10 m to "slope depths". Fiyure H. — Liniiliriiicris cnizciisis a. anteriui' end; b. maxillae; c. man(lil)k's; d. (-(111111(11111(1 luxik; e. simple hdok; f, winged capillary seta; y. anterior view of anterioi- foot; h. anterior view of middle foot; i. anterior view of far posterior foot. 61 Lumbrineris brevipes (Mcintosh, 1903) NinoefHsca Moore, 1911: 285. pi. 19: Fig. 110- 118. L!())il)ri)ieris brevipes. - Pettibone, 1963a: 260, Fig. 68 h. Records. — Off North Carolina (17). Distribution. — Massachusetts to North Caro- lina; North West Spain; southern California; Antarctica; in 100 to 3,000 m. Lumbrineris fragilis (Muller, 1776) Li()til>ric(>)iercis fivijilis. - Fauvel, 1923: 430, Fig. 17k-l. ' Liiinbrineris fra(/ilis. - Pettibone. 1963a: 262, Fig. 69. Records. — Common off Beaufort in 80-200 m (21,*). Distribiiiioii. — A cold-water species extend- ing from Arctic southward in the Atlantic and Pacific at deeper and deeper levels and reach- ing North Carolina, Azores, and Mediterranean; intertidal to 3,000 m. Lumbrineris januarii (Grube, 1878) Li'Uibrineris jiuiiiarii. - Hartman. 1944a: 167. pi. 13: Fig. 278-284. Description. — Length uj) to 80 mm. Prosto- mium conical; maxillae with Mx. I = 1 + 1; II = 5-f5; III =2+2 (second tooth indistinct); IV = 1 + 1. Parapodia with postsetal lobe longer than presetal but shorter than setae even in posterior feet. Compound spinigerous setae as well a.s winged cai)illaries from first few feet to about 25th. Compound hooks from about 18th to 30th foot and simi)le hooks thereafter. Acicula pale. Records.— Ofi Beaufort in 40 m (*). This is the first record from the United States. Uistribiition. — West Indies to Bi'azil in 10- 40 m. Lumbrineris tenuis VerrilJ. 1873 [".'I Lii nil>ricouereis athiiitico Kinberg, 1869: 568; 1858-1910: 47, pi. 19: Fig. 43. - Hart- man. 1948: 90. pi. 13: Fig. 1.2. Lu mbri}ieris tetiuis. -Kavtman. 1942a: 54.- Petti- bone, 1963a: 264, Fig. 70 (with synonymy). Li( mbrineris atlantica. - Hartman, 1965a: 116, pi. 19: Fig. A. * Day, Field, and Montgomery, 1971: 122. Description. — Body slender, 30-60 mm long. Prostomium bluntly conical. Mandibular shafts delicate and in contact throughout. Maxillae with Mx. I = 1 + 1; II = (4-6) + (4-6); III = 1 + 1; IV = 1+ l.Mx. II usually with four or five teeth but occasionally six (Hartman, 1942). Mx. Ill as a cutting plate smaller than Mx. IV. Anterior feet with a low presetal lobe and a larger, compressed postsetal one. Middle feet rather small with subequal presetal and post- setal lobes. Posterior feet with longer lobes, the presetal being obviously shorter than the postsetal. Winged capillary setae from first foot to middle feet. Hooded hooks from 12th-17th foot or exceptionally from 9th (Pettibone, 1963a). All hooks simple; anterior ones with long blades but posterior ones with short blades and four or more denticles above larger first tooth. Acicula pale. Remarks. — I am indebted to Dr. Pettibone for specimens of L. tennis and Dr. Hartman for specimens of L. atlantica from 466 to 508 m off Massachusetts, described in Hartman (1965a). They appear to be identical though Dr. Hart- man's illustration of the maxillae (pi. 19: Fig. a) represents a form with four teeth on Mx. II whereas the specimen I dissected had five teeth. The difficulty is to decide what name should be used. L. tennis Verrill has been well described. L. atlantica Kinberg from La Plata has priority but Kinberg's description was very brief; he groups L. atkvitica with others having Mx. Ill unidentate but his figure does not indicate this and when Hartman (1948) reexamined the type the jaws had been removed. Again Kinberg did not figure the far posterior feet. Since there are several closely related species some doubt must remain as to whether the specimens described by Hartman (1965a) off Massachusetts should really be referred to L. atlantica. In view of this I have retained the well established name L. tennis. Records. — Common off Beaufort in 20 m (21, *). Distribntion. — Maine to Florida; intertidal to abyssal depths. 62 1 1' 2 2' 3 3' FAMILY ARABELLIDAE Key to genera and species Parapodia with one or more stout projecting acicula as well as fine-tipjied internal ones 2 Parapodia without a stout projecting aciculum iAnihclld) 5 Maxilla I with first tooth greatly enlarged forming a pair of fangs or pincers {Driloiioris) 3 Maxilla I with first tooth not much larger than others (Noto- ch-riis). [Mandiljles present. Mx. I with 3-4 small denticles at base] N. spijiifenis Mx. I with dentate bases 4 Mx. I with smooth bases. [Mandibles usually absent] D.fiUim Parapodia inconspicuous on anterior segments but well de- veloped and bilobed posteriorly. Mandibles very small, some- times missing D. loiic/a Parapodia small on anterior segments, but larger posteriorly, though always with a single (postsetal) lobe. Mandibles obvious D. niag)ia Setae are all winged capillaries Arabella iricolor Setae include winged capillaries and an inferior, blunt acicu- lum with a small tapered blade Arabella nut tans Noincirn/s .spinifenis (Moore. 1906) Drilonereis lonqa Webster, 1S79 Notdcirrax spii/ifo-us. - Pettibone, 1963a: 275, Fig. 73 a-i. Ricords. — Chesapeake Bay, intertidal and Beaufort in 5 m (17, *). Dixtribtilidii. — Massachusetts to North Caro- lina; intertidal to 16 m. Diilonereis hniga. - Hartman, 1944a: 178; - 1968: 801, Fig. 1. - Pettibone, 196.3a: 272, Fig. 72 a-h. Records. — North Carolina, intertidal (3, 5, 11, 17, 18). Distribution. — Massachusetts to Georgia and the West Indies; Washington; southern Cali- fornia; intertidal to 2,452 m. Drilonereis filum (Claparede, 1868) Drihinereis filnni. - Fauvel. 1923: 436, Fig. 174 a-h. - Hartman, 1944a: 180; 1968: 799. Fig. 1,2. Drilonereis magna Webster and Benedict. 1887 Dril(ine)'eis niagtia. - Pettibone, 1963a: 273, Fig. 71 h. Records. — Cape Hatteras area, intertidal (18). Distributio)!. — Mediterranean; Atlantic coast of France; Florida; Panama; southern Cali- fornia; low tide and shallow dredgings. /?rrorf/.s. — North Carolina, intertidal to 200 m (11, 13, 17, 18,21, *). Dist)ibutio)i. — Newfoundland to South Caro- lina and the Gulf of Mexico; California to western Mexico; low tide to 1,000 m. 63 Arabella /r/ro/or (Monlajfu, 1S04) Arabella mutans (Chamberlin, 1919) Arabella tricolor. - Fauvel, 1923: 438, Fig. 175 a-h. - Hartman. 1944a: 173; 1968: 789. Fig. 1-6. - Pettibone, 1963a: 269, Fig. 71 a-e. - Day, 1967: 446, Fig. 17.18. i-m. Record!^. — North Carolina, intertidal to 80 m (3,5,7,9,11, 13, 18,20,*). Z)/.sfr/6»f/o/(.— Cosmopolitan in temperateand tropical seas extending from low tide to 83 m. C< tiotliri.r nnitaiis. - Chamberlin. 1919: 329. pi. 61: Fig. 1-9. pi. 62: Fig. 1. Arabella ii/iitaHs. - Hartman, 1944a: 173. - Day. 1967: 446, Fig. 17.18. f-h. /?fY'or(/.^.— Off Beaufort in 5-160 m (*). Distribntioti. — Pacific coasts of tropical Amer- ica; Easter Island; Galapagos Islands; Florida; Cape Verde Islands; South Africa to tropical East Africa; intertidal to 160 m. FAMILY DORVILLEIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Dorsal cirri ovoid, without cirrophores or internal acicula and arise from ends of parapodia 2 1' Dorsal cirri elongate, mounted on cirrophores with internal acicula and arise from bases of parapodia {Dorvillea) 3 2 Palps as mere i)apillae; antennae similar. No forked setae [Oplirijotroelia) 0. piierilis 2' Palps elongate with terminal ovoid palpostyles. Superior forked setae present (Protodorrillea). [A dorsal cirrus on setiger 1. Antenna two-jointed] P. kefcrsteiin 3 No dorsal cirrus on setiger 1 4 3' A dorsal cirrus on .setiger 1. [Superior forked setae present with slightly unequal prongs] D. riidolphi 4 No superior forked setae D. sociabilis 4' Superior forked setae present with very unequal jirongs D. caeca Oph ryo t roch a pu e rilis Claparede and Mecznikow, 1869 Opin-ijotrocha pnerili^i. - Fauvel, 1923: 450, Fig. 180 a-h. - Hartman, 1944a: 191, pi. 15: Fig. 325-330; 1968: 823, Fig. 1-6. - Day. 1967: 452, Fig. 17.20. a-f. Records. — Beaufort, intertidal (11). Distribiftion. — Cosmopolitan in warm and tropical seas occun-ing in aquaria and on pro- tected .shores. Protodorrillea kefersteini (Mcintosh. 1869) Protodorrillea biarticiilata. Day, 1963a: 414, Fig. 8 g-1; 1967: 4.52, Fig. 17.20. g-1. Protodorvillea kefersteini. - Hob.son, 1971: 542, Fig. 8 a-d. Protodorrillea biarcticiilata (sic). - Day, Field, and Montgomery. 1971: 122. Description. — Length 5 mm for 50-100 .seg- ments. Prostomium rounded in front with an annulus in front of antennae. Anterior pair of eyes minute, often faded, posterior pair larger. Antennae small, club-shaped, often weakly bi- articulate. Palps long, wrinkled but terminal palpostyles distinct and oval. Parapodia long 64 with a retractile presetai lip; an oval dorsal cirrus at distal end of first and all subsequent feet; ventral cirri similar to dorsal ones. Superior setae include one or two long tapered capil- laries serrated at base of blade and one or two shorter forked setae with subequal prongs Hanged on inner margins. Inferior setae com- pound with bidentate falcigerous blades varying in length. Remarks. — The only other species of Proto- dorvillca recorded from the Atlantic coast of United States is P. niiiiiita Hartman from deep waters off New England. It is easily distin- guished by its minute papilliform palps. Hobson (1971) has rede.scribed the type of Staaroce- plialiis kvfcrstcitii Mcintosh from Scotland and her account shows that P. biartlrnlata Day from South Africa is synonymous. P. gracilis (Hartman) from California and P. ircupcrata Banse and Nichols from Puget Sound are jjrob- ably synonyms of P. keferstciiii too but Mrs. Hobson has provisionally retained the name P. (i)'//((// 12 Branchiae from setiger 1 13 12' Branchiae from setiger 2 20 K' Branchiae present on 20 setigers or more 14 l.V Branchiae on setiger 1 or 1-3 only 19 14 Posterior noto.setae include hooded hooks. Branchiae absent from posterior .segments. [Prostomium hilobed in front. (Scolcculcpidcs)] ^'. rlridis 14' Posterior notosetae without hooded hooks. Branchiae continue to posterior segments 15 66 15 Middle parapodia with small accessory branchiae. Anterior branchiae fused to notopodial lamellae | Prostomium pointed. (Dispio)] D. iiiici)iuta 15' Middle parapodia without accessory branchiae. Anterior bran- chiae partly fused or free from notopodial lamellae 16 16 Prostomium rounded or e.\])anded in front (Spia) 17 UV Prostomium with distinct lateral peaks (Mdhicdcci-ds) No N.C. record 17 Prostomium expanded in front and bears several eyespots. No occipital tentacle. Hooded hooks in neuropodia from setiger 28-;'>2 S. ninltinc/ilittn 17' Prostomium rounded in front and bears 4 eyespots. Occipital tentacle present or absent. Hooded hooks in neuropodia from .setiger 10-11 18 18 No occipital tentacle. Head with brown markings. Hooks bi- dentate to tridentate, 6-9 per foot S. p( ttihoiicac 18' Occipital tentacle present. Head without brown markings. Hooks always bidentate, 15-20 per foot S. sctosu 19 One pair of smooth branchiae on setiger 1. A dorsal crest across setiger 2. (Strchlospio) S. houdicti 19' Three pairs of pinnate branchiae (or scars thereof) on setigers 1 to 3. A dorsal crest across setiger 1. [Peristome folded round sides of prostomium iPinvpi-ioiioKpio)] P. puniata 20 Posterior notopodia with hooded hooks 21 20' Posterior notopodia without hooded hooks 29 21 Branchiae fused to notopodial lamellae anteriorly, becoming sei)arate later and continuing to jjosterior segments. Pygid- ium with a cushion below anus (Smh l( pi^') S. xqinn))ata 21' Branchiae free from notopodial lamellae anteriorly and con- fined to anterior part of body. Pygidium with anal cirri 22 22 Prostomium with an occipital tentacle. Branchiae never pin- nate (Ain}id(:<) [Hooded hooks bidentate] A. sp. 22' Prostomium without an occipital tentacle. Branchiae either pinnate, smooth or both iPrioiiospIo) 23 23 All branchiae smooth and number 4 to 40 pairs (subgenus Miiinspki) 24 23' At least one pair of branchiae pinnate and number 4 or 5 pairs 25 24 About 6 pairs of long branchiae. Hooded hooks multidentate. Genital pouches between middle neuropodia of adults P. (M.) cirnftra 24' About 11 pairs of normal branchiae. Hooks with one tooth above main fang. No genital pouches P. (M-) clrrohnnicliiata 25 Five pairs of branchiae with 1st, 4th, and 5th pinnate. [No dorsal crest across setiger 7] P- hvtcrubranchia 25' Four pairs of branchiae 26 67 26 Only the 4th pair of branchiae pinnate. Hooded hooks biden- tate. Prostomium square in front P. dayi 26' First and 4th pair of branchiae pinnate. Hooded hooks multi- dentate. Prostomium rounded in front 27 27 A dorsal crest across setiger 7 or setigers 7 and 9 28 27' No dorsal crest across setiger 7 or 9 P. fiteointnipi 28 A dorsal crest across setiger 7 only P.fallax 28' A dorsal crest across setiger 7, a low ridge across setiger 8, and a crest across setiger 9 P. criatata 29 Prostomium without an occipital tentacle. [Branchiae free from notopodial lamellae and continue to posterior seg- ments (Microspio). Prostomium with a brown patch. Hooded hooks from setiger 12 with 3-5 denticles above main fang] M. plgminitata 29' Prostium with an occipital tentacle 30 30 Prostomium rounded. Branchiae free from notopodial lamellae and absent from posterior segments. Membranous genital pockets between neuropodia of middle segments (Laonicv) L. cirruta 30' Prostomium pointed. Branchiae fused to notopodial lamellae in anterior segments but free later and continue to posterior segments. No pockets between neuropodia (N( riHides). [Hooded hooks unidentate] N. niikhnitata Polydora commerifiolis Andrews, 1891 Piili/d<>)v cdDni/cusalis Andrews, 1891b: 291, pi. 15: Fig. 27. - Hartman, 1945: 32; 1969: 133. Fig. 1-4. -Blake, 1969: 815, Fig.3; 1971: 17, Fig. 11. - Foster, 1971: 20, Fig. 1-12. Rcconh. — Cape Hatteras area and Beaufort, intertidal to a few meters (5, 6, 11, 18, 22) Dist)-ibiiti(>iL — Massachusetts to North Caro- lina; Caribbean; Pacific Siberia to California and western Mexico; intertidal to 30 m; commensal with hermit crabs. Polydora ivebsteri Hartman, 1943 Polydom caccu. - Webster, 1879: 252, pi. 9: Fig. 119-122 (n»u Oersted). Polydora H'e6.s'fen Hartman, 1945: 33; 1951: 81; 1969: 151, Fig. 1-5. - Blake, 1969: 814, Fig. 2; 1971: 6, Fig. 3. - Foster, 1971: 26, Fig. 30-36. Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal and dredged (3, 5, 11. 13, 15, 18, 19, ? *). Distrihutio}!. — Newfoundland to Gulf of Mexi- co; Oregon to Southern California; Hawaii; inter- tidal to 100 m. Polydora caeca (Oersted. 1843) FiK-ure 10a-oi)il>i).r. - Fauvel, 1927: 41, Fig. 14 a-i. - Hartman, 1951: 85; 1969; 181, Fig. 1-5. - Day, 1967: 474, Fig. 18.5. a-e. - Foster, 1971: 40, Fig. 66-75. Remarks.— \vi Day (1967), I described S. honibjix as having an occipital tentacle; this is an error since this species lacks an occipital tentacle. Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort from low tidemark on sheltered beaches to dredgings in 200 m (11, 13, 18,21, '). Distribution. — Atlantic from Sweden and New England to the Falkland Islands and South Africa; eastern Pacific from Canada to Cali- fornia; intertidal to 200 m. Pidydoru colonia Moore, 1907: 199. pi. 15: Fig. 18-23. - Hartman, 1945: 32. - Blake, 1971: 15, Fig. 10. Polydora hopliD'u inhaca Day, 1957: 99,Fig. 6k-i; 1967: 468, Fig. 18.2. n. Records. — Beaufort Sound, intertidal (11). Distribution. — North West Pacific ; Massachu- setts to North Carolina and Jamaica; Mozam- bique; intertidal. Spiophanes ivigleyi Peftibone. 1962 Fis'ure lOf, f Spioplnnics irif/lcyi Pettibone. 1962: 83, Fig. 5. 6. - Hartman, 1965a: 153, pi. 28: Fig. e, f. - Foster. 1971: 43. Fig. 76-85. R( niai'lx-s. — The original description of S. icig- leyi states that the hooded hooks are bidentate. My specimens from North Carolina showed a 69 small third tooth above two large ones. Dr. Pettibone kindly .sent me a specimen of S. iriglcyi from Massachusetts and this resolved the discrepancy. The first few hooks on setigers 15-18 (Figure lOe) have a vertical series of three teeth ; in the following segments the small upper- most tooth becomes minute and in posterior segments it is absent (Figure lOf). This has also been noted by Foster (1971). Renn-ds.— Off Beaufort in 40-200 m (21, *). Dist}'ihiiti()}i. — Massachusetts; Gulf of Mex- ico; South Africa; 0-200 m. Scolecolepides riridis (Verrill. 1873) Sculccolcpidcs virldis. - George, 1966: 76, Fig. 1 a-f. - Foster. 1971: 37, Fig. 57-65. R(ro)-ds. — Cape Hatterasarea, intertidal (18). Distribi(ti(>)i. — Newfoundland to South Caro- lina: in mudbanks of estuaries to 37 m. Dispio uncinata Hartman. 1951 Dispio loiciiiata Hartman, 1951: 87, pi. 22: Fig. 1-5, pi. 23: Fig. 1-4; 1969: 105, Fig. 1-4. - Foster, 1971: 73, Fig. 161-174. Records.— Off Beaufort in 3-40 m (22, *). Dist)ihnti(>)i. — Massachusetts to the West In- dies and the Gulf of Mexico; southern Cali- fornia; intertidal to 40 m. Spio cf. multioculata (Rioja, 1919) (?) Spid nniUioviiUitu. - Fauvel, 1927: 44, Fig. 15 h-o. Dcscriptidii. — Only two fragmentary speci- mens, the larger 1.7 mm for 18 segments. No color markings. Prostomium T-shaped with blunt anterolateral projections; several eyespots; no occipital papilla. Gills from setiger 1 to end of fragment (setiger 18); all gills larger than noto- podial lamellae and separated from them. Neuro- podial lamellae broadly oval throughout. Only capillary setae in notopodia. Neurosetae mainly capillaries with .sabre-setae from 8th foot. No hooded hooks before end of fragment. R< tiKU'ks. — So far as can be seen from these small fragmentary specimens, the characters agree perfectly with those of S. nmltioculata. The absence of neuropodial hooks is not sur- prising as they do not occur on S. multioculata before setiger 28-32. However this species has not been recorded from the United States and larger and better preserved specimens are re- quired to confirm the record. Records. — Two specimens off Beaufort in 120 m (*). Disfrihufioii. — (of S. nmltioculata) Bay of Biscay; intertidal. Spio peltiboneae Foster, 1970 FifTUie 1 la-(l Spio (Spio) pcttih(»u'ac Foster, 1971: 35, Fig. 48-56. Spio tilicoruis var. nov. Day, Field, and Mont- gomery, 1971: 122. Description. — Body up to 11 mm long; head (Figure 11a, b) and anterior segments flecked with bi'own both doi'sally and ventrally. Pro- stomium rounded in front and extending as a blunt keel to setiger 2. Four subdermal eyes but no occipital tentacle. Peristome broad and partly fused to setiger 1. Setiger 1 with small notopodial and neuropodial lobes and a large gill. Subsequent parapodia (Figure lie) similar but larger, each with a well-marked presetal lobe, a short, blunt postsetal lobe and a large .straplike gill arching over dorsum. Anterior gills fused basally to jjostsetal lamellae but pos- terior ones almost separate. Neuropodia with small, oval postsetal lobes throughout. Noto- setae as capillaries with finely punctate blades. Anterior neurosetae similar but shorter. Hooded hooks from setiger 11, six or seven per foot. Anterior hooks bidentate (Figure lid), subse- quent ones with superior tooth cleft forming tridentate hooks. Remarks. — All the specimens from Beaufort were broken with the largest anterior fragment having 24 segments. They were orijtinally named a new variety of S. ^tilico)-iiis and I am indebted to Dr. Foster for informing me that she had found the same form in the Gulf of Mexico and named it S. (S.) pettihoncae. The description given above is based on the Beaufort material but it agrees with that of Foster (1971) with two exceptions. My specimens, which were presumably younger than those of Dr. Foster, 70 Fiuui'i' 10. — r,,l!idiira lairii a, enlarKed hook of setiRer ■'>; li. \vinRe0 m to abyssal depths. Nerinides unidentala New Species //„/o//y;;( .— USNM 43150. Dc^criptio)!. — Holotype incomplete with only 24 segments measuring 6 mm. No color mark- ings. Prostomium (Figure lie) sharply pointed anteriorly and produced as a blunt keel to seti- ger 1. Two pairs of eyes and a large, erect occipital tentacle. Setiger 1 well developed with both notosetae and neurosetae. Dorsum flat- tened and without membranous crests. Gills from setiger 2 to end of fragment (setiger 24). Anterior gills (Figure 110 completely fused to notopodial lamellae, but 8th and succeeding feet with shorter postsetal lamellae and gills free and well tapered (Figure llg). Neuropodial lamellae prominent, oval, never bilobed. No genital pockets. Notosetae as limbate capillaries, often with punctate shafts. Anterior neurosetae similar. Inferior sabre-setae with punctate blades (Figure llh) from setiger 12. Hooded hooks from setiger 20, each with a blunt uni- dentate tip (Figure llj). Remarks. — This species agrees with zV. ktiight- j())i('si de Silva from Ceylon in having uniden- tate hooded hooks but differs in the shape of the prostomium, in having the branchiae com- pletely fused to the dorsal lamella on the first few feet and in having hooded hooks in the neuropodia of setiger 20, not setiger 43. Records. — One specimen off Beaufort in 10 m (*). 76 FAMILY MAGELONIDAE Key to species of Magelona 1 Setiger 9 with specialized setae having a subterminal expan- sion [Prostomium spatulate and smoothly curved anteriorly. Hooded hooks with a pair of denticles above main fang] M. papillicornis 1' Setiger 9 without specialized setae 2 2 Prostomium with anterolateral angles or "horns" 3 2' Prostomium smoothly curved in front. [Hooded hooks with a pair of denticles above main fang. Parapodia of anterior region with a small lobe medial to notosetae] M. ro.^ea 3 Hooded hooks with a single denticle above main fang. Noto- podia of anterior region without a small lobe medial to notosetae iM. jjinjilisde 3' Hooded hook.s with a pair of denticles above main fang. Noto- podia of anterior region with a small lobe medial to noto- setae M. sp. Magelona papillicornis Miiller, 1858 Ma(jelo)ni papiUicin-His. - Fauvel, 1927: 64, Fig. 22 a-h. - Day, 1967: 495, Fig. 19.1. a-d. -Jones, 1963: 23 (key only). Magclo)ia rosea. - Wells and Gray, 1964: 73 {ii()» M. rosea Moore. 1907). Magelona sp. - Jones, 1968: 272, Fig. 1-33. [?1 [?1 Description. — Body white, seldom more than 50 mm long in North Carolina, up to 170 mm in Europe. Prostomium (Figure Ilk) spatulate with anterior margin smoothly rounded. Palps with four rows of adhesive papillae. Body clearly divided; anterior region with nine setigers and posterior region with numerous setigers. Noto- podia of setigers 1-8 (Figure 111) with a small papilla medial to notosetae and a tongue-shaped postsetal lamella; neuropodia with a similar but smaller postsetal lamella. Setiger 9 without medial papillae but with small presetal as well as postsetal lamellae in both rami. Abdominal parapodia (?''igure 11m) with medial papillae both dorsally and ventrally and equal, oval notopodial and neuropodial lamellae curving towards one another. Lateral membranous pockets between one parapodium and the next. Setigers 1-8 with long bilimbate capillaries; setiger 9 with fans of specialized setae bearing spatulate blades ending in mucronated tips (Figure lln). Abdominal setae as .short hooded hooks, bidentate in profile but actually with a pair of denticles above the main fang. (Figure llo, p). Reniai'ks. — Dr. Jones informs me that M. papillicoi'iiis is probably the same as Magelona sp. Jones (1968) from Woods Hole: M. riojai Jones is very close but, according to Jones, there are differences in the shai)e of the pro- stomium and in the setae of the 9th foot. R(eiii-(ls. — Pamlico Sound, intertidal and abundant off Beautnrt in 3-10 m (19, 21, ■■'). Distribution. — Atlantic tV(im Scotland to South Africa and Brazil: '.' Massachusetts; North Carolina: Mediterranean; Madagascar; intertidal to 100 ni. Magelona phyllisae Jones. 1963 Fitnirt- 1 Iq-v Magelona phgllisae Jones. 1963: 2, Fig. 1-11. Description. — Body colorless, up to 20 mm long. Prostomium (Figure llq) flattened, not much broader than body and anterolateral angles or "horns" well marked. Palps long. 77 with four irregular rows of papillae. Parapodia of setigers 1-8 (Figure llr) without papillae medial to notosetae but with elongated post- setal lamellae in notopodia and shorter but similar lamellae in neuropodia Setiger 9 with subequal lamellae, bearing bilimbate setae simi- lar to those of setigers 1-8 (Figure lit). Ab- domen with postsetal lamellae of both rami rather small and expanded distally (Figure lis). Relatively large papillae medial to hook- rows both dorsal ly and ventral ly. Individual hooded hooks with only one large denticle above main fang (Figure llu, v). Remarks. — As noted by Jones (1963: 25) this species is close to M. loiigiconti^ Johnson. It may be distinguished by the absence of medial papillae above the thoracic notosetae and the possession of larger medial papillae on abdomi- nal segments. Dr. Jones informs me that these specimens from Beaufort appear to be the same as specimens from Sapelo Island, Ga., and Port Aransas, Tex. Records. — Off Beaufort in 10 m (*). This is a new record for the United States. Dist)-ihiiti())/. — Peru in 181 m; ? Georgia and Texas. Magelona sp. Fi^'Ui'i' 1 lw-7. 15 mm. They were obviously different from the other species recorded here and for this reason the characters are summarized below. Description. — No color markings. Prosto- mium (Figure llw) almost as broad as long with distinct anterolateral angles. Anterior parapodia (Figure llx) with medial papillae above notosetae and postsetal lamellae of both rami flattened and ligulate. Setiger 9 with postsetal lamellae only, and with bilimbate capillaries similar to those of setigers 1-8. Abdominal parapodia (Figure lly) with broad postsetal lamellae in both rami and papillae medial to rows of hooks both dorsal ly and ventrally. Individual hooks (Figure llz) with two denticles side by side above main fang. Remarks. — This species is allied to both M. filiforniis Wilson and M. aniuita Wesenberg- Lund. A specimen of M. filifortnis, which Dr. Wilson kindly sent to me, had much narrower parapodial lamellae on the thorax. Possibly these North Carolina specimens are closer to M. cornutn but more material is required to confirm the record. 7?, rf.rrf.s'.— Off Beaufort in 80-120 m (*). Magelona rosea Moore, 1907 Magelona )-<>sea Moore, 1907: 201, pi. 16: Fig. 24-30. -Jones, 1963: 23 (key only). Material exami)ied. — Three anterior frag- ments were collected of which the longest was /jrcorf/.^.-.— Off Beaufort in 80 m (*). Distribution. — Massachusetts; intertidal. FAMILY POECILOCHAETIDAE Poecilochaetus sp. Ri marks. — Only two anterior fragments were obtained. They were obviously juveniles, the larger measuring 4 mm for 22 segments. Final identification is impossible, since the posterioi' segments with their specialized setae are miss- ing. However, the other characters agree with P. serpens. The dorsum is smooth, not papillose, though one specimen has a chitinized projection on segment 9, rather like that described by Hartman (1939) for /'. jolinso)ii. The nuchal organ has three free lobes with fuzzy edges. and it is difficult to be certain whether the ends are broken. The middle lobe reaches the pos- terior margin of setiger 2 and the lateral lobes are only slightly longer than broad. As u.sual in the genus there are curved spines in the iu'un)])odia of setigers 2 and 3 and long, flask- shaped parapodial lobes with knobbed ends on setigers 7 to 13. Plumose setae appear among the capillaries on setiger 20. The smooth dor- sum excludes P. fiilgoris and \hv thi'ee-lobed nuchal organ suggests P. scrjx ns. /^,„,-,/.s-. —Off Beaufort in 80 m (*). 78 FAMILY CHAETOPTERIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Notopodia of middle region bilobed or trilobed. Tube often horny and ringed 2 r Notopodia of middle region never bilobed. Tube neithei- horny nor ringed 3 2 A pair of minute tentacular cirri as well as large grooved palps iPlniUocIiactoptcriis). Middle region of 7 or more segments. Tube horny, often branching P. sacidlis 2' No tentacular cirri, only a pair of grooved palps. Tube horny, ringed, solitary (SpiocJiactopto-iis). Middle region with about 20 segments. [Eyes present] S. (■(istannii (inihitiix •i Middle region of five segments, the last three with notopodia fused to form large paddles. Palps much shorter than anterior region iCIiaetopto-ns) C. raridpcddfut^ 3' Middle region of less than five segments, bearing separate, fingerlike notopodia, very like those of posterior region. Palps long (MrKoelKK taptf riis). [Middle region of three long segments] M. tdtilori Phyllochaetopteriis socialis Claparede, 1870 Phjlllorhactoptcriis socialii<. - Fauvel, 1927: 84, Fig. 30 a-1. - Day. 1967: 525, Fig. 22.1. h-r. fif-corf/.s.— Off Beaufort in 20 m (*). DiKtributidii. — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas; intertidal to 100 m. Spiochaetopterus costarum ociilotus Webster, 1879 Sltidchiictopto'iis oculatus Webster, 1879: 47, pi. 8: Fig. 98-102. - Hartman, 1945: 35. - Barnes, 1964: 397, Fig. 1-4. Spidcliaetoptcr/in costdrinn oriilatHx. - Gitay, 1969: 15. Dcficriptiot). — Body slender, up to 60 mm long; dark ventral patch from setiger 6 to 7, white patch from setiger 7 to 9. Prostomium oval, eyes dark, conspicuous. Buccal segment large, fleshy, collarlike; palps long, colorless. No tentacular cirri. Anterior region of nine uniramous flattened setigers. A single stout l.irnwn cutting seta in fourth foot. Middle region of about 20 segments each with simple club- shaped notopodia. Tube long, slender, translu- cent, annulated. Animal solitary, living in sandy mud. R< inai-ks. — All the specimens dredged off Beaufort were juveniles, with very delicate transparent tubes which lacked annuli, so that it would appear that these develop with age, as the tube thickens. .Juveniles as small as 5 mm already had the characteristic dark patch on the ventrum of setiger 6. All specimens except one had conspicuous eyes. The smallest speci- mens only had three or four segments in the middle region, but the number increases rapidly with the length of the worm. According to Barnes, the main difference between S. costarxDi costni-xni and S. costann)! ociildtHs is that S. cdstarinu caxtarum uses only one mucus bag to collect food particles, while S. cof^taruiu ocidatiis uses eight or more. Records. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort on sheltered banks and below low tide (3, 11, 13, 18, *). Distribntii))!. — Massachusetts to the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal and shallow dredgings. 79 Choetopterus variopedatus (Renier. 1804) Chaetoptcnift rariopedatiis. - Fauvel, 1927: 77, Fig. 26 a-n. - Day, 1967: 529, Fig. 22.2. a-g. - Hartman, 1969: 209, Fig. 1-3. Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal to 30 m (4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 18). Di!^tributio}i. — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas; intertidal to 100 m. Mesochaetopterus taylori Potts, 1914 M('i)-ds. — Cape Hatteras area and Beaufort on intertidal mudbanks (18, *). DIstribtitioN. — Western Canada to northern California and North Carolina; intertidal. FAMILY CIRRATULIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Several grooved tentacular filaments (or .scars showing their origin) above first few setigers 2 1' One pair of grooved tentacular filaments or palps at junction of setiger 1 and last annulus of peristome 4 2 Tentacular filaments and gills arise on same .segment (Cir)-(i- ti(liis) No N.C. record 2' Tentacular filaments arise posterior to first gill filament which appears on .setiger 1. [Sigmoid acicular hooks present (Ciriifoniiia)] 3 3 Tentacular filaments in a row between setigers 1 and 2. Gill filaments of middle segments arise immediately above noto- setae C. gra jidis 3' Tentacular filaments arise above setiger 4. Gill filaments of middle segments arise farther above notosetae than distance between notosetae and neurosetae C.fiUgera 4 Never more than 10 pairs of gill filaments. Acicular setae with spoon-shaped ends. (Dodvcaccria). [Body dark; 9-10 pairs of gills] D. comUii 4' Many pairs of gills. Acicular setae when present, lack spoon- shaped ends 5 5 No acicular setae even in posterior segments, only tapered capillaries (Tharyx) 6 5' Acicular setae present as well as capillaries, though former sometimes restricted to posterior segments 8 80 6 Capillary setae of long posterior segments are short with saw- edged blades T. anmdosus 6' Capillary setae with smooth or finely spinulose blades through- out 7 7 Prostomium with eyespots. Only a few capillary setae per parapodium T. Kctigem T Prostomium without eyespots in adult. Numerous capillary setae [possibly adult of T. netigera ] T. mario)ii 8 Acicular setae of terminal segments very prominent and numerous, almost encircling body (Chaetozone) 9 8' Acicular setae of terminal segments not obviously different from preceding ones {CaiilUriclla). [Acicular setae short, with faintly bidentate ends without hoods] C. killarioisis y Acicular spines present in neuropodia from first setiger on- wards Ch. (/(lyhcadia 0' Acicular spines appear in neuropodia of middle segments Ch. srtoso Ciniformia grand is (Verrill, 1H73) new combination Cirratuliis giviidis Verrill, 1873a: 606, pi. 15: Fig. 80, 81. - Hartman, 1942b: 126. DcxrriptiiDt. — Body yellowish green, up to 150 mm long. Segments short, rounded dor- sally, and flattened ventrally. Prostomium bluntly conical, without eyes but with diffuse daik pigment. Peristome fused to prostomium, rather long and irregularly wrinkled but not segmented. A transverse row of about 20 grooved tentacular filaments above junction of setiger 1 to 2. A median gap in tentacular row separating right and left groups. Cylindrical (not grooved) gill filaments from .setiger 1 (thus anterior to tentacular filaments) to posterior part of body. Gill filaments, even of middle seg- ments, arise immediately above notosetae. Cap- illary setae in both rami of all segments. Yellow acicular spines quite distinct in both rami of posterior segments but longer and more like capillaries in anterior feet; spines distinct in juveniles from notopodium of setiger 85 and neuropodium of setiger 19 but not distinct in adults in anterior third of body. Ro(Uiitplos. Pettibone (19()3a) re- gards it as a subgenus of Scoloplos. 1 agree 86 with Hartnian in recognizing Calif a as a valid genus. Generic definitions Having considered the main distinguishing features of the various genera and subgenera of the subfamily Orbiniinae, their diagnostic characters are set out below. It will be noted that certain characters are not mentioned since they are regarded as being of specific impor- tance only. Among these are the notch in the neuropodial lobe of the thorax, the presence of a lamellar base or ventral cirri on the abdominal neuropodia, the presence or absence of flail- setae, and the number of acicula in abdominal neuropodia. Again, the presence of only one achaetous segment behind the prostomium is omitted for this applies to all genera of the Orbiniinae. Naineris Blainville, 1828 Orbiniinae with prostomium rounded to square in front. First pair of branchiae starting on any thoracic .setiger from 2 to 23. Thoracic neuro- podia with none to two foot-papillae; no stomach- papillae. Thoracic neurosetae include crenulate capillaries, hooks and sometimes .subuluncini (intermediate forms) as well. Tupe .s'/jfc/cs'.' Mu'.s- qiiadrlciispida Fabricius, 1780. Orbinia Quatrefages. 1865 Orbiniinae with prostomium pointed. Finst pair of branchiae on setiger 5-9. Posterior thoracic segments usually with several foot-papillae and numerous stomach-papillae but with at least five papillae of both types combined on some thoracic segment. Thoracic neurosetae include blunt hooks (exceptionally replaced by subu- luncini in 0. e.vttr))nita) and usually crenulate capillaries; heavy spear-tipped spines or brush- tipped setae absent. Tjipr spcciet<: Aricia sert/ilata Savigny. 1820 (includes Aricia ciivieri Audouin and Milne- Edwards, 1833). Phylo Kinberg, 1866 Orbiniinae with prostomium pointed. First pair of branchiae on setiger 5-7. Resembles Orbiiiin in having posterior thoracic segments usually with several foot-papillae and numerous stomach-papillae but with at least five papillae of both types combined on some thoracic seg- ment. Thoracic neurosetae include heavy spear- tipped spines as well as blunt hooks and crenu- late capillaries. Tijpc species: PInilo f< li.r Kinberg, 1866. Scoloplos Blainville, 1828 Orbin iinaew it h ])rostomium]}ointed. First pair of branchiae on setiger 5 or some subsequent thoracic segment. Posterior thoracic segments with few or no foot-papillae and stomach-papillae and never more than four ijapillae of both types combined. Thoracic neuro.setae include blunt hooks and usually crenulate capillaries; heavy spear-tipped spines and brush-tipped setae absent. Type species: Lmnhriciis ai-itiiijer Miiller, 1776. Subgenus Scoloplas (Sculnplns). - Seolophis species with first pair of branchiae on setiger 8-10 or some subsequent thoracic segment. Subgenus Scoloplos (Leodumas). - Scoloplos species with first pair of branchiae on setiger 5-6. Ti/pe species: Leodainas vei-a.v Kinberg, 1886 Haploscoloplos Monro, 1833 Orbiniinae with pro.stomium pointed. First pair of branchiae on setiger 9 or subsequent thoracic segment. Posterior thoracic segments with few foot-papillae and stomach-papillae and never more than four papillae of both types combined. Thoracic neurosetae include crenu- late capillaries only. Type species: Se(doplos cylijidrifer Ehlers, 1905. Califia Hartnian, 1957 Orbiniinaewith prostomium pointed. First pair of branchiae on setiger 8 or subsequent thoracic segment. Posterior thoracic neuropodia with not more than two foot-papillae. No stomach-papil- la. Thoracic neurosetae of anterior segments include brush -tipped setae, crenulate capil- laries and sometimes blunt hooks. Type species: Califia calida Hartman, 1957. In accordance with these amended generic definitions certain species will have to be trans- 87 ferred to different genera. Among these are: Scoloplos fSfo/op/o.sj riscri Pettibone. 1957 Scolaricia ti/pica Eisig, 1914 becomes Scolo- becomes Orhhiia riscri (Pettibone) n. comb. plos (Scoloplos) li/pica (Eisig), n. comb. Scoloplos (Scoloplos) sclnuitii Pettibone, 1957 Scolarcia haasi Monro, 1937 becomes Scolo- becomes Califia schinitti (Pettibone) plos (Scoloplos) Imosi (Monro), n. comb. Scoloplos (Lcodumas) finihriatus Hartman, Scolaricia capinisis Day. 1961 becomes Scolo- 1957 becomes Ofbiuia Jinibriatu (Hartman) plos (Scoloplos) capci/sis (Day) n. comb. n. comb. Key to genera and subgenera of Orbiniinae and the species recorded from North Carolina 1 Prostomium rounded to square in front. (0-2 foot-papillae; no stomach-papillae. (Nai)icris) No N.C. record 1' Prostomium conical and pointed 2 2 At least 5 papillae (foot-papillae plus stomach-papillae) on one or more posterior thoracic segments 3 2' Not more than 4 papillae (foot papillae plus stomach-papillae on any posterior thoracic segment 6 3 Neurosetae of posterior thoracic segments include one or a series of heavy spear-tipped spines as well as blunt hooks. iPhylo) " 4 3' Neurosetae of posterior thoracic segments lack heavy spear- tipped spines. (Oi'biina) 5 4 No interramal cirrus between notopodia and neuropodia of abdominal segments. Heavy spear-tipped spines not always distinct Phylo oniatus 4' A long interramal cirrus on anterior abdominal segments. Heavy spines with arrow-shaped tips Plii/lo fcli.v 5 Branchiae from setiger 6. No interramal cirrus on abdominal segments Orhiuia aiucricaiia 5' Branchiae from setiger 8-10. An interramal cirrus on abdomi- nal segments Orbinia riseri 6 Anterior thoracic neurosetae include brush-tipped setae as well as crenulate capillaries and sometimes blunt hooks. (Califia) No N.C. record 6' Anterior thoracic neurosetae without brush-tipped setae 7 7 Thoracic neurosetae of adults include only crenulate capil- laries. (Hnploscoloplos) 8 7' Thoracic neurosetae of adults include rows of hooks as well as crenulate capillaries. [Scoloplos) 10 8 An interramal cirrus between abdominal notopodia and neuro- podia 9 8' No interramal cirrus. [Abdominal neuropodia with lobes longer than branchiae; no ventral cirrus] H(iplosci>loj)l(>s foliosiis 88 9 9' 10 10' 11 11' 12 12' A ventral cirrus below anterior abdominal neuropodia Haploscoloplosfmgilis No ventral cirrus Haplnsrolophs roh,st»s First pair of branchiae on setiger 5-6. ScoUipIos (Luxhnnas). [Abdominal neuropodia with inner lobe much shorter than outer; no ventral cirrus] Senloplu. (L.) vnhm First pair of branchiae on setiger 8-10 on some subsequent segment Smloplos (Scoloplos) H One or two foot-papillae on last thoracic neuropodia; 1- ventral cirri on anterior abdominal segments ScoI„plns (S.) acmcceps One foot-papilla on last thoracic neuropodia; no ventral cirri on anterior abdominal segments 12 Eighteen or nineteen thoracic setigers with branchiae from setiger 17-18. No brown bars on posterior thorax Sn'loplos (S.) armrrcps Seventeen or eighteen thoracic setigers with branchiae from setiger 13-14. Brown bars across thorax from setiger 9 Sr('l<>pl<'s (S.) capnixi^ Phylo ornatus (Verrill, 1873) Orbiuia oniata. - Hartman, 1945: 28 1963a:285, Fig. 75 a-b. Plijlld onnttii^. - Hartman, 1957: 265, pi Fig. 1-10; - 1969: 41, Fig. 1-5. Pettibone, i4: Records. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort, intertidal to 10 m (5, 9, 11. 13, 18). Di-'^triluitioi. — Massachusetts to the Gulf of Mexico; California to Pacific coast of Mexico; intertidal to 32 m. Phylo felix Kinberg, 1866 Plnihi fi'lij-. - Hartman, 1957: 262, pi. 23: Fig. 1-7. /jt.(.o,Y/.s'.— Off Beaufort in 120-200 m (*). Distrih/itio)!. — Brazil south to Antarctica; California to Pacific coast of Mexico; in shallow dredgings to 200 m. Orbinia americana New Species Figure 12c-K H(,U,t!ipi.—l]S^M 43138. Dc!ii. — Holotype incomplete, and 10 mm long for 38 segments. Prostomium acutely pointed and without eyes. Thorax (Figure 12c) of 21 flattened setigers. Branchiae from setiger 5. Notopodial lobes evident from setiger 1. Thoracic neuropodia (Figure 12d) as lateral ridges with an increasing number of foot- papillae; setiger 3 with three; setiger 4 with four; setiger 18 with seven. Stomach-papillae from setiger 17 to 22 with a maximum of seven stomach-papillae on setiger 20. Thoracic noto- setae as tufts of crenulate capillaries plus two or three forked setae with unequal prongs. Thoracic neurosetae as three rows of hooks with a few crenulate capillaries behind them at upper and lower margins. No enlarged spines. Individual hooks (Figure 12e) with smooth, curved ends. Abdominal parapodia d(jrsal in origin, with two or three foot-papillae below neuropodia of first few. Branchiae larger than slender post- setal lobes of notopodia. No interramal cirri. Neuropodia (Figure 12 g) bilobed with inner lobe shorter and stouter than outer. First five abdominal neuropodia with two cirri basally; sixth and subsequent neuropodia with only the superior one persisting as a ventral cirrus. Abdominal notosetae include numerous capil- laries and three or four short forked setae. Abdominal neurosetae include two acicula, one or two long flail-setae with faintly serrated shafts and abruptly tapered tips (Figure 12f). and two or three shorter, evenly tapered crenu- late capillaries. Rt Diarks. — This species is allied to Orhhiia sifdiii Pettibone, but there are fewer thoracic 89 segments, fewer foot-papillae and fewer stom- ach-papillae. Records. — One specimen off Beaufort in 122 m (*). Orbinia riseri (Peftibone. 1957) New Combination Fitrure l:2h-l Scoloplos (Scoloplos) riseri Pettibone, 1957: 163, Fig. 2 a-d: l<)63a: 288, Fig. 74 e-f. Deseriptii))!. — Body without color markings, 50-60 mm long. Prostomium (Figure 12h) sharply conical. Thorax of 18-19 setigers with branchiae from 10th setiger (or 8th in juveniles). Noto- podial postsetal lobe well developed from setiger 1. Thoracic neuropodia as lateral ridges with one large foot-papilla from setiger 3, two on 10th foot and three on 16th. Stomach-papillae increasing from 1 below 16th foot to 14-18 at junction of thorax and abdomen (Figure 12i). Abdominal notopodia as chopper-shaped lobes smaller than the branchiae. A well-developed interramal cirrus (Figure 121). Abdominal neuro- podia bilobed; several stomach-papillae below first few abdominal neuropodia decreasing to 2 on setiger 26 (7th abdominal segment) and thereafter flattened to form two lamellar expan- sions at base of neuropodium. Thoracic notosetae as crenulate capillaries. Abdominal notosetae with three or four forked setae among capillaries. Thoracic neurosetae in four or five vertical rows; an anterior row of crenulate capillaries with blades broadened basally, then two or three rows of hooks and a posterior row of fine capillaries. Individual hooks (Figure 12j) blunt and well serrated, with deli- cate sheaths. Abdominal neurosetae with two acicula, two or three fine crenulate capillaries, and one or two long flail-setae (Figure 12k) with serrated shafts and abruptly tapered tips. Remarks. — This species has been described in some detail as the original description was based on a specimen only 25 mm long and pre- sumably a juvenile with branchiae from .setiger 8. It has been transferred to the genus Orhiiiia since it possesses many stomach-i)ai)illae. Records.— (m Beaufort in 120-160 mm (*). Distrihtitioii. — Ma.ssachu setts to the (Julf of Mexico; intertidal to 160 m. Scplos (Scoloplos) capen.sis (Day, 1961) New Combination Fitrure Tim-q Scularicia capeiisis Day, 1961: 480, Fig. 1 p-s; 1967: 549, Fig. 23.5. a-d; - Day, Field, and Montgomery, 1971: 122. Descriptio)!. — Body up to 25 mm long for 105 segments with brown bars across thorax from setiger 9 to 17 when fresh. Prostomium (Figure 12m) sharply pointed, longer than broad. Thorax with 16-17 setigers and branchiae from setiger 13-14. Notopodia with postsetal lobes obvious from setiger 1, slender anteriorly, longer and stouter in abdomen but never as stout as the branchiae. Thoracic neuropodia (Figure 12n) as low lateral ridges with a single median foot- papilla from setiger 4, increasing in length and moving to a superior position towards end of thorax. No stomach-papilla. Abdominal seg- ments without interramal cirri. Abdominal neuro- podia bilobed with inner lobe rather longer than outer and base expanded to form a broad brown unnotched lateral lamella. No ventral cirri. Notosetae of thorax and abdomen as crenu- late capillaries, there being no forked setae. Thoracic neurosetae in five vertical rows; an anterior row of crenulate capillaries, then three rows of hooks and finally a posterior row of crenulate capillaries. Individual hooks (Figure 12o) almost straight, blunt and serrated, with delicate guards. Abdominal neurosetae sup- ported by one aciculum and include a few small crenulate capillaries and one or two longer and stouter flail-setae (Figure r2p). Remarks. — In accordance with the generic revision described above, Scolaricia capeasis becomes Scoloplos (Scoloplos) capoisis. The specimens from North Carolina agree with the holotype from South Africa apart from the fact that the fresh specimens had well-marked brown bars across posterior thoracic segments which were not observed on the holotype. S. (S.) capeii- sis is close to S. (S.) acineceps Chamberlin; but it has fewer thoracic segments, the gills appear more anteriorly, and there are no forked setae. No brown bars were noted on S. (S.) acmeceps. Records. — Common off Beaufort in 40-200 m (21, *). This is a new record for the United States. Distribution. — South Africa in 86 m. !)0 ScoloplttN (Scoloplos) cf. acmeceps C'hamberlin. 1919 [?| Scolopldx aciiicceps. - HartmaM. 1957: 282. pi. 30: Fig. 1-7; 1969: 4:^.. Kig. 1-5. Descriptinii. — Body about 20 mm long and without color marking.s. Thorax of 18-19 setigers with branchiae from setiger 17 or 18. Postsetal lobe of notopodium short and stout; neuropodia with a single small foot-papilla from .setiger 4. Thoracic neuro.setae include numerous broad crenulate caiiillaries and a few serrated and bent hooks interiorly. Abdomen with notopodia broadly chojjpei'-shaped. No interramal cirri. Neuropodia bilobed with inner ramus longer than outer, and base forming a broad, unnotched flange in place of ventral cirri. Abdominal noto- setae as crenulate capillaries only; neurosetae as a few smoothly tapered capillaries and four or five flail-setae with abrujjtly tapered tips. Remarks. — Two incomplete specimens were obtained. They agree with Dr. Hartman's de- scription e.xcept that they lack forked setae among the abdominal notosetae. /?(rorf/.s-.— Off Beaufort in 120-200 m (*). Distribution. — (of S. acnirctp.'^) Alaska .south to western Mexico; intertidal. Scoloplos (Scoloplos) armiger (MiilJer. 1776) Scolopliis itriiiifn r. - Hartman, 1957: 280, pi. 29: Fig. 1-7. - Pettibone. 1963a: 292. Fig. 76 h-i. - Day, 1967: 544, Fig. 23.6. k-n. Re cords. —on Beaufort in 120-200 m (21, *). Distribiitio)!. — Reportedly cosmopolitan in intertidal to shelf depths but many record.s doubtful. Scoloplos (Leodamas) rubra (Webster, 1879) Scoloplos (Leodunnis) rubra. - Hartman, 1951: 74,pl.20:Fig. 1-6; 1957: 291, pi. 32: Fig. 1-6. Remarks. — The only points worth adding to Dr. Hartman's description are that the thorax may extend over 24-28 segments, that while most of the thoracic neuropodia lack foot-papil- lae, one may occur on the last one or two seg- ments and that the abdominal neurosetae are all smoothly tapered crenulate capillaries, flail- setae being absent. Reco)xls. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort, intertidal to 200 m (3, 5, 11, 13, 18, *). Disti-ihiifioii. — North Carolina to Florida; intertidal to 200 m. Haploscoloplos foliosus Hartman. 1951 Hapllos foliosiis Hartman. 1951: 78. Remarks. — Only two juveniles measuring 8 mm were obtained. Their characters agree with Dr. Hartman's description but adult specimens are required to confirm tl;e record. Reco)rls. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort, intertidal and 200 m (18. '■'). Distribution. — North Carolina to the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 200 m. Haploscoloplos fragilis (Verrill, 1873) Hitploscoloplosfraf/ilis. - Hartman, 1951: 76, pi. 21: Fig. 1-3; 1957: 271, pi. 25: Fig. 1-3. Scoloplos (Scoloplos) frac/ilis. - Pettibone, 1963a: 290, Fig. 76 a-f. Reco)-ds. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort, intertidal to a few meters (3, 5, 9. 11, 13. 17. 18. Distribution. — Gulf of St. Lawrence to Florida and the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 100 m. Haploscoloplos robustus (Verrill, 1873) Haj)loseolopl(}s bnstoris. - Hartman, 1945: 30. Haploscoloplos robustus. - Hartman, 1951: 78, pi. 21: Fig. 4-6; 1957: 272, pi. 25: Fig. 4-6. S<-oloplos (Scoloplos) )-obustus. - Pettibone, 1963a: 288. Fig. 76 g. Records. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort; intertidal (2, 3, 5, 9, 11, 13, 17, 18). Dist)-ibntio}i. — Gulf of St. Lawrence to North Carolina and the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 57 m. 91 FAMILY PARAONIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Prostomium with a median dorsal antenna (may be lost) 2 1' Prostomium without an antenna 8 2 Posterior notosetae include specialized forms as well as capillaries; posterior neurosetae as capillaries only (Cirro- pliori(s) 3 2' Posterior notosetae are all capillaries. Posterior neurosetae include specialized forms as well as capillaries (Aiicidca) 4 2" No specialized setae in notopodia or neuropodia of posterior segments, only capillaries (Aedicira) 7 3 Specialized notosetae forked. [Body reddish] C. li/rifdrDiis 3' Specialized notosetae stout, pointed and acicular with a fine subterminal filament C. b)'(iiicliiatiis 4 Specialized neurosetae with hoods or guards 5 4' Specialized neurosetae without hoods but sometimes acicular or abruptly tapered to a slender filament 6 5 Specialized neurosetae with a rounded spioniform hood en- closing a bent unidentate end Ar. ccrnitii 5' Specialized neurosetae with a long pointed guard covering convex side of rostrum Ar.faKrcli 6 Specialized neurosetae with a stout shaft tapering to a slender blade with an oblique breaking plane at junction Ar.fmgilis 6' Specialized neurosetae in anterior abdomen with a stout shaft abruptly tapering to a slender filament; in posterior seg- ments only the stout sigmoid shaft persists Ar. snccica 7 Setigers 1-3 with a cirriform postsetal lobe on neuropodium Ac alhatrossae T Merely a minute postsetal papilla on neuropodium of anterior segments Ae. belgicae 8 Posterior notosetae include specialized forms (Pcuxiotiides) No N.C. record 8' Posterior neurosetae include specialized forms {Paraonis). [Specialized neurosetae as sigmoid acicular hooks] 9 9 Branchiae cirriform beginning on setiger 6-8 and numbering 9-16 pairs P. gracili.rn t^furca t II s. -HArtman. 1969: 69, Fig. 1. Aricidea (CiiTophontH) fiircata Hartman, 1957: 324, pi. 43: Fig. 6. Record^.— Oii Beaufort in 10-120 m (21, *). 92 Dist}-il)/itioii. — Arctic; off California; New England: Mediterranean; 10 to 500 m. Cirrophorus branchiatus Ehlers. 1908 Figure 13f Cir)-(ipli(iriis /)raNcliiatiis. - Day. 1963a: 423, Fig.9i-o; 1967: 563, Fig. 24.3. a-e.-Laubier, 1965: 469, Fig. 1. Dt'scriptioii. — Body about 25 mm long for 120 segment.s. Pro.stomium bluntly conical with a short median antenna. Branchiae from setiger 5 to 20-25. Postsetal lobes of notopodia well developed on anterior segments, short on middle segments but long on terminal segments. A heavy spine among notosetae from setiger 13; each spine (Figure 13c) short, bluntly jjointed with a fine subterminal filament. No .specialized neurosetae. Rr /narks. — CirropIiorNs aricuhttiis Hartman from deep water off southern California and off Dutch Guinea is very similar but the heavy notopodial spines are not reported to have a -subterminal filament. Records.— Off Beaufort in 20 m {*). Di.^fribi(ti(in. — Irish Sea; South Africa; Medi- terranean; British Columbia; 20-200 m. Aricidea cerruti Laubier, 1967 Aricidea jeffreysii. - Fauvel, 1927: 75, Fig. 25 a-e. - Hartman, 1957: 322, pi. 43: Fig. 2. - Day, 1967: 558, Fig. 24.1.j-m. Aricidea ( Aricidea )jeffre ifsi i . - Pettibone, 1963a: 305, Fig. 80 a-e. "" Aricidea cerruti Laubier, 1967; 102, Fig. 1. Re»ia)'ks. — The specialized notosetae of pos- terior segments are sigmoid hooks with spioni- form hoods (Figure 13b). Pettibone's Figure 80 e does not show this but the shape is well illustrated by Laubier, Hartman, and Day. Lau- bier has also shown that the Mediterranean specimens, doubtfully assigned by Cerruti (1909) to Scolecolepis ? jeffreysii Mcintosh from Green- land, are, in fact, distinct. Records. — Off Beaufort in 20 m (*). Distribution. — North Atlantic from Ireland and the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Ma.s.sachusetts; Mediterranean and Black Sea; western Canada; in 1-2,000 m. South Africa; Aricidea fauveli Hartman, 1957 Fifture l:ia Aricidea fragilis. - Fauvel, 1936: 65, Fig. 6, 7 {)ioii Webster). Aricidea fauveli Hartman, 1957: 318, pi. 43: Fig. 1 (synonymy). - Day, 1967; 560, Fig. 24.2. a-d. Remarks. — This species is characterized by the special neurosetae of posterior segments (Figure 13a) which are unidentate with a long hood on the conve.x side of the apex. Records.— Off Beaufort in 20-160 m (*). This is a new record for the United States. Distribi(tio)i. — Morocco and tropical West Africa to South Africa; 20-200 m. Aricidea fragili.s Webster. 1879 Aricidea fragiUs. - Hartman, 1945: 30, pi. 6: Fig. 3; 1957: 317, pi. 43: Fig. 3. A)icidea ( Ai'icidi n ) f)'ar(Z.s-.— Off Beaufort in 120 m (*). Distribution. — Arctic and North Atlantic to the British Isles and North Carolina; southern California; in 5-2,000 m. Aedicira albatrossae (Pettibone, 1957) Ai'icidea (Aricidea) al/iatms.sae Pettibone, 1963a: 305, Fig. 81 a-f. R) nia)-ks. — Only a single anterior fragment with 22 segments was obtained, but the first few 93 parapodia are so characteristic that the identity is certain without the posterior region. This fresh specimen is slightly different from Dr. Pettibone's description of the type which had been in the museum since 1883. The anterior dorsum is speckled with dark pigment between the bases of the gills and the postsetal lobes of the notopodia; the latter are shown in Pettibone's Figure 81 e as equal in thickness to the gills, but in this specimen they are only one-third the thickness. A. alhatrossac is unique among paraonids in having well- developed postsetal lobes on the anterior neuro- podia. Those of setigers 1-8 have a broad base narrowing to a cirriform projection but in subse- quent -segments in the branchial region, only the broad base remains. Towards the end of the branchial region the base flattens to form a small postsetal lamella. Records. — One specimen off Beaufort in 200 m (*). Distribution. — Massachusetts; in 150-2,500 m. Aedicira belgicae (Fauvel, 1986) .Ariridea (Acdiciro } l>(l(/ir(itr(is.'li>t!ip(. — USNM 43126; one paratype, USNM 43127 Dcsoiptidii. — Body of holotype fusiform (Fig- ure 13f). 12 mm long with 24 segments including 20 setigers and 4 achaetous preanal segments. Paratype 6 mm long with 20 setigers and 3 achaetous preanal segments. Prostomium sharp- ly conical; anterior segments triannulate, pos- terior segments biannulate; no sign of tessela- tion or papillae. Cirriform branchiae behind notosetae from setiger 2 to 20 but none on achaetous ])reanals. Anterior segments rounded in section (Figure 13d), 14th and succeeding segments (Figure 13e) with stout lateral swell- ings above and below setae. Pygidium with about eight short blunt lobes encircling anus. R(iii(i)-ks. — The other species of Tnirisia re- corded from the United States namely T. cin-ind Verrill, T. profimdi Chamberlin. T. (/rarii ri Mcintosh, T. In-cris Moore, T. (inuiulatd Moore, and T. pnjxi Moore, all have 24 or more setigers; they differ also in the distribution of the bran- chiae and the presence of granules or pustules on the skin. /?(■("(» r(/.s-. — Two specimens off Beaufort in 20-80 m (*). Ophelia denticiilata Verrill, 187.^ Ophelia doiticiilota Verrill, 1875: 39. - Tebble. 1953; 362. Ophelia iieglecta Schneider, 1892: 1, pi. 14. - Fauvei, 1927: 132, Fig. 46 g-h. Ophelia liniaeiiia. - Hartman, 1942a: 130 (»(»» Rathke). Recoi-d^. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort, intertidal to 20 m (18. 21, ■■)■ Dist)-ibiiti^. — A. agilis and A. loiif/icandata (CauUery) from the Indian Ocean are very alike. Both are large species with a long tapered presetal lobe on the anterior parapodia and gills from the second to the last setiger. The main difference is that .4. agilis has 36-52 segments while .4. hingicandata has only 30-32. R(ca)-ds. — Cape Hatteras area to Beaufort, intertidal to 40 m (5, 9, 11, 13, 15, 18, *). Distribntio)i. — North Carolina and the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 40 m. 95 Ophelina ci/lindricaiidata (Hansen. 1879) Oplieli)ia cjflixdriccuidata. - St0p-Bowitz, 1945: 49. Fig. 5. [?| Antmotnjjxuie chcictifem Hartman. 1965a: 187, pi. 43. D( script ion. — Body .slender, tapered at both ends, 8-19 mm long for 26-28 setlgers. No achaetous preanal .segments. Prostomium coni- cal and pointed. A ventral groove starting from setiger 2. Parapodial lobes uniformly small and button-shaped. Cirriform branchiae from setiger 2 to 24, followed by 3-4 abranchiate setigers (Figure 13g). Branchiae of middle segments small or occasionally absent. No lateral eye- spots between parapodia. Pygidium cylindrical and about equal to length of last five or six setigers. Superior anal cirri as mere crenula- tions on dorsal lobe over anus; ventral cirrus stout, annulated and digitiform. Anterior setae fairly long, those of middle segments progres- sively shorter and those posterior abranchiate segments stout, almost acicular. Rt 111(1 rks. — As originally described by Han- sen, AnniniDifpinic c!/li)idricaudatu was said to have 34 .setigers, but St0p-Bowitz (1945) states that the type has 28 setigers and that the bran- chiae in the middle of the body are very variable; in some they are slightly reduced, in others very small or even absent. Possibly A. chactifera Hartman, which has gills on a few anterior and a few posterior segments, but none over most of the body, is synonymous. St0p-Bowitz has shown that Opiuliiia Oersted antedates .4/h/ho- t)-!ipinii Rathke, by a few months. R( cards. — Common off Beaufort in 120-200 m (21, *). Distriliiitioii. — Norway; Greenland; Canada; Mediterranean; 30-911 m. FAMILY SCALIBREGMIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Anterior setigers with branched gills and posterior setigers with dorsal and ventral cirri. No acicular setae {ScalibrcciDMi). 1' Body without gills or any parapodial projections. No acicular setae. {Hi/lniscolcx) S. iiifiatiim H. loHf/iscta Scalibregma inflatiim Rathke, 1843 Sculibrcf/nni injiatiiin. - Fauvel, 1927: 123, Fig. 44 a-f. - Day, 1967: 590, Fig. 27.2. e-j. - Hartman, 1969: 313, Fig. 1-4. Records. — Cape Hatteras area and Beau- fort, intertidal and 160 m in mud (18, *). Distribution. — Cosmopolitan from the Arctic to the Antarctic; intertidal to 160 m in mud. Hyboscolex longiseta Schmarda. 1861 Hyboscolex longiseta. - Day. 1967: 584 (synon- ymy), 588, Fig. 27.2. a-d. Oncoscolex pacificus. - Hartman, 1969: 311, Fig. 1,2. Description. — Body arenicoliform, up to 20 mm long for 60 segments; color pale to black. Prostomium (Figure 13h) with stout lateral pro- jections and thus broadly T-shaped. Eyes visi- ble if prostomium extended. Buccal segment very short and achaetous. Anterior segments (Figure 13i) with four annuli; posterior ones with two or one. No parapodial projections, the setae projecting directly from body wall. No gills or cirri. Setae as smooth capillaries plus a few short forked setae feathered on inner mar- gins; no acicular setae. Remarks. — The synonymy of the genera Hiiboscolex, Oncoscolex, Euinenia. and Poly- j)lnisia is confused. Discussion will be found in Day (1961: 216; 1967: 584). Records. — On corals off Beaufort in 18 m (20, *). Distribution. — South Africa and western Ca- nada to Pacific coast of Mexico; intertidal to 10 m. 96 KiKUi-t' 13.— .4/ 7 (•)(/(•(( fmiri'll a. specialized posterior neuroseta. Aricidea rrmitii h. specialized posterior neuroseta. Cii-i-ophorus hmiichintKx c. specialized notoseta. Tniviaia pnira n. sp. d. anterior sequent; e. two posterior segments: f. lateral view of body. Oplwllua cyliiidrirandata jr. posterior end. Hi/hoaculcx lotigiscta h, head; i, parapodium. Lviochridat paUidior j and k, face view and profile of hook. SotoiHUfttua cross-section of al)doniinal segment; m and n. face view and profile of hook. ciinencatiKs n. sp. 97 FAMILY ARENICOLIDAE Only one genus and species known from Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort (1, 5, North^Carolina. 7.11,13,18,*). „ . Difitrihiitioii. — Massachusetts to the West In- Arenicola cristata St.mpson, I85b ^-^^^ ^^^^ ^f ^^^.^^^ ^^^ California; burrows in Arenicohi cristata. - Wells, 1961: 10, pi. 1-4; muddy .sand on sheltered beaches. 1962: 333, pi. 1. 2. - Hartman, 1969: 415, Fig. 1. FAMILY CAPITELLIDAE Key to genera and species Note. — Generic distinctions are based mainly on the di.stribution of setal types in the thorax. In the following key this is shown by a thoracic formula where: C = capillary seta P = peristome O = without seta H = hooded hook Notosetae are shown above the line and neurosetae below. The total number of thoracic segments includes the peristome. 1 Thorax with 9 setigerous .segments including the setigerous peristome. [First 5-7 segments with capillary setae and remainder with hooks in female but notosetae of setigers 8 and 9 as stout genital .setae in male (Capitella). No branchiae or parapodial projections on abdominal segments] 2 1' Thorax with 10 or more setigerous segments following the achaetous peristome 2 2 Ten thoracic setigers following peristome. (Formula: P + — r rr-- = 11. Abdominal neuronodia with 4C + 6H short rows of hooks. No gills (Mcdioinasti/.^)] M. califoniierisis 2' Eleven thoracic setigers following peristome 3 2" Twelve thoracic setigers following peristome. [Formula: P + -^ = 13 (Lt ioclindcs)] L. palluhor 2'" Thirteen to fifteen thoracic setigers following peristome 7 3 Last six thoracic setigers with hooded hooks. [Formula: P + tt; r-r = 12. Saclike gills above neuro- 5C + ()1I podia of terminal campanulate abdominal segments (H( tcro- iH(i.^tHs) I H. filif(>r»ii.^ 3' Thorax without hooks or only in last one or two .setigers ( A'('/(*//»(.s-/».s) 4 4 All 1 1 thoracic setigers with capillaries in both rami; formula: P + —- — = 12. Abdominal neuropodia with super- ior branchial lobes 5 4' First thoracic setiger without neurosetae; last setiger some- times with hooks. No bi'anchiae 6 <)8 5 Abdominal neuropodia with obvious straplike branchiae 5' Abdominal neuropodia with small superior branchial lobes . . . . 6 All thoracic neuropodia with capillaries; formula: lie P + ■;; 77—7 = 12. Abdominal hooks with a single arc of 0 + IOC 5 to 6 denticles above main fang 6' Last thoracic neuropodium with hooks; formula: P + -— = 12. Hooks with two arcs of 4 and 2 0 + 9C + IH denticles above main fang 7 Peristome followed by V.] thoracic setigers bearing capillai'ies; formula: P + ' = 14. Abdominal neuropodia with retrac- tile gill filaments (DasybnuicluiK) 7' Peristome followed by 14-1.5 thoracic setigers; formula: P +— ; \^^!^]'}^^ = 15-16. Abdominal (CorO) + (ll('-l;]C) + IH or2H neuropodia without gills (LvidvupitcUu) 8 Neuropodial gills with about ."^0 filaments j . . 8' NeurojKjdial gills with few filaments A^ lobatiis N. latericeua N. he mi pod /IS N. am erica mix L. glabra D. hi nibricoidrs D. Iiniiilatiia Capifella capitata (Fabricius. 1780) Capiti 11(1 cajiitatii. - Fauvel, 1927: 154, Fig. 55 a-h.-Hartman, 1947a: 404, pi. 43: Fig. 1.2.- Day. 1967: 595, Fig. 28.2. i-m. Rcciirds. — Beaufort Sound, intertidal and dredged in muddy sand (11, 1:5, 15, 18, *). Distribiitiiin. — Cosmopolitan in black mud of estuaries and protected harbors from 0 to 80 m. Mediomostus californiensis Hartman. 1944 Mcdidiinistiis ralifdi-iiiiiisis Hartman, 1947a: 408, pi. 46: Fig. 3, 4; 1969: 387, Fig. 1-4. Records. — Common off Beaufort in 10-20 m (20,21, *). Distribution. — California; intertidal and es- tuarine. Description. — Body about 20 mm long. Pro- stomium bluntly conical with ventral eyespots. Thorax including an achaetous peristome and 12 setigerous segments with capillary setae in both rami. Abdomen of numerous thin-walled segments with fu.sed notopodial tori and noto- podial hook-rows continuous across middorsal line. Interramal organs as prominent papillae between notopodia and neuropodia from last thoracic segment onwards. Abdominal neuro- podia with a small superior branchial lobe and long rows of hooks almost meeting on mid- ventral line. Individual hooks (Figure 13j, k) with short hoods and a crest of seven to nine subequal denticles above main fang. Records. — Four specimens off Beaufort in 160 m (*). Distribution. — British Columbia and Cali- fornia; intertidal to 89 m. Leiochrides pallidior (Chamberlin, 1918) FiKure l.'5j, k Leiochrides paUidiorWartman. 1947a: 429; 1969: 383. Heteromastus filiformis (Claparede. 1864) Heteroniastiis filiformis. - Fauvel, 1927: 150, Fig. 53 a-i. - Hartman, 1947a: 427, pi. 52: Fig. 1-4; 1969: 377, Fig. 1-5. - Day, 1967: 601, Fig. 28.3. a-d. 99 Records. — Common in Beaufort Sound on intertidal mudbanks (11, 12. 13, 15, 18, 20, *). Distribution. — North Atlantic from Sweden and Greenland south to Morocco and the Gulf of Mexico; Mediterranean; South Africa; North Pacific from Japan to southern California; 0- 100 m. Nolomaslus lobatus Hartman. 1947 NotamastHs lobatus Hartman, 1947a: 415, pi. 51: Fig. 1-5; 1969: 399, Fig. 1-5. Remarks. — A large 150-nim specimen was obtained from burrows in 'intertidal mudbanks near Cape Fear by members of the Zoology Department, Chapel Hill University. Apart from the straplike branchiae, the flattened ventrum is characteristic. Two commensals were found in the burrows, a polynoid polychaete Lepidas- theiiia sp. and a sluglike bivalve moUusk of the family Montacutidae which creeps over the body of the Notoniastus. R(eords. — North Carolina in intertidal mud (*). Distri/>utio)i. — Southern California to Mexico; intertidal to 500 m. Notomasfus latericeus Sars. 1851 Notomastus latericeus. - Fauvel, 1927: 143, Fig. 49 a-h. - Hartman, 1947a: 411. - Day, 1967: 599, Fig. 28.2. a-d. R( cords. — Cape Hatteras area and Beaufort, intertidal to 200 m (5, 13, 18, 21, *). Distributio)i. — Cosmopolitan, intertidal to 4,360 m. Notoniastus hemipodus Hartman, 1947 Notomast us (Clistomastu.t) he mipodus Hartman. 1947a: 424, pi. 48: Fig. 1-3; 1951: 103, pi. 24: Fig. 1-3; 1969: 393, Fig. 1-5. Remarks. — N. hemipodus Hartman and A'. aberans Day are closely related. The individual hooks of N. hemipodus have a single arc of five or six denticles above the main fang. In N. aberans there are two arcs of denticles, the first arc with four or five larger denticles and the second arc with five to seven smaller denticles. /?((7>)f/.s.— Off Beaufort in 120 m (21, *). Distribution. — Florida and .southern Cali- fornia; intertidal to 120 m. IK'otomastus americanus New Species FiKure l.'?l-n Notomnstus n. sp. Day, Field, and Montgomery, 1971: 123. Holoti/pe.—USNM 43118; 14 paratypes, USNM 43119. D( scriptioii. — Holotype almost complete, measuring 18 mm for 55 segments. Color yel- lowish brown with dark faecal pellets visible through abdominal wall. Prostomium broadly conical with subdermal eyespots at base. An achaetous peristome followed by 11 setigerous thoracic segments. Capillary setae present in all notopodia but absent in first neuropodium, present in setiger 2 to 10 but replaced bv hooks lie in nth. Formula: P + 12. Ab- 0 -h 9C -^ IH domen not clearly differentiated but posterior segments with hook-rows on well-marked ridges. Nephridial papillae obscure and branchial pro- jections absent. Hook-rows short throughout; notopodial rows (Figure 131) separate medially, neuropodial rows separated by a midventral gap longer than a hook-row. Individual hooks (Figure 13m, n) with two arcs of denticles above main fang, first arc with four denticles, second with two; formula: MF : 4 ; 2. Riuiarks. — N. america)ius resembles A^. teres Hartman in lacking neurosetae in the first seti- ger and in having hooks in the neuropodia of the posterior thorax. It differs in having the hooks confined to the last thoracic segment and in having the abdominal hook-rows all short and widely separated ventral ly. Records. — Fifteen specimens in 80-200 m off Beaufort (21, *). Leiocapitella glabra Hartman, 1947 L( iocapitcUa glabra Hartman, 1947a: 438, pi. 54: Fig. 1-3." Leiocapitella atkuitica Hartman. 1965a: 193. Description. — Prostomium broadly conical, depressed; eyespots indistinct. All segments 100 short and biannulate and thorax distinguished from abdomen only by nature of setae. An achaetous peristome followed by 14-15 seti- gerous segments bearing capillaries only or capillaries and hooks. Abdominal segments without branchial projections, and all bearing hooded hooks; hook-rows all short and well separated. Individual hooks with hoods as broad as long and with three denticles in a triangle above main fang. R< nuirks. — The material from North Carolina differs in some respects from Hartman's original descrijjtion and appears to provide a link be- tween L. (jlabra and L. atluntica. The distribu- tion of the thoracic setae differs in all four specimens. The first neuropodium may bear capillary setae on one side and not on the other, or the first two neuropodia may lack setae on one side or all the anterior setae may be present. Similarly, hooks may be restricted to the last thoracic neuropodium or the last two thoracic neuropodia. The four formulae are given below; P+ 15C ^ (CorO) + (CorO) + 12C + IH 15C ^ ^ 13C + (CorH) + (CorH) " ^^'' P + liC ^ 15. (CorO) + 12C + IH 14C P + IQP -I- IH =15. Hartman's original description of L. glabra was based on two specimens. Both lacked setae in the first neuropodium on both right and left sides, but one had capillaries in the notopodia of 14 segments behind the peristome, while the other had both capillaries and hooks in the 15th segment behind the peristome. The thoracic formulae are thus; 14C P + 14C + (Cand H) 0 + 12C 2H 16. Mailman's description of L. athuitica from slope depths off Massachusetts gives the fol- lowing formula; P + 14C = 15. P + 0 + 12C + IH 15 and 0 + lie + 2H If all the specimens are considered together it becomes obvious that the distribution of setae on the thorax is very variable; both capillaries and hooks may occur in the same fascicle, setae may be present on one side and not the other or hooks may replace capillaries in the neuro- podia of one or two segments at the end of the thorax. It is best to consider the whole group as one variable species with 15 or 16 thoracic .segments, with neurosetae usually lacking from the first setiger and with hooks replacing the capillaries in the last one or two neuropodia. /?,-(.o,y/.s.— Off Beaufort in 40-80 m (*). Dist)'il)i(ti()ii. — Southern California to the Pacific coast of Mexico; Massachusetts; in 40-200 m. DasybranchuH lumbricoides Grube. 1878 Dasybi'aiicliiis In nibricniih s. - Hartman, 1947a; 431. pi. 56; Fig. 3, 4; 1951: 103; 1969; 373, Fig. 1-3. Rtcordx. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal in muddy sand (5, 11, 12, 13. 18, *). Dixtributiiiii. — Philii)))ine Islands; Galapagos Islands; California to Mexico and Florida to North Carolina in intertidal mud. Dasybranchus lunulotiis Ehlers, 1887 D(isiil))-aiirhiis In iiiilatiis. - Hartman, 1947a: 432, pi. 56; Fig. 1,2; 1951; 103. Rccards. — Beaufort, intertidal (12, 13). Distribntidii. — North Carolina, Florida, and Puerto Rico; intertidal to 4 m in niuddv sand. 101 FAMILY MALDANIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Head with a prominent cephalic keel but not surrounded by a flattened plate with a raised margin 1' Head with an inclined dorsal plate surrounded by a raised margin 2 Pygidium petaloid with a central anus {P( taloproctus). [Body including 21 setigers and 2 achaetous preanal segments] . . . 2' Pygidium funnel-shaped with margin encircled by cirri (Nico- mache). [A deep pocket above anus] 3 Neuropodial spines or hooks present in setiger 1. Pygidium encircled by anal cirri 3' No neurosetae in setiger 1. No anal cirri. Pygidium as a flat or concave plate with a dorsal anus above 4 Anal cone protruding beyond ring of long anal cirri and pro- vided with a stout ventral valve (PraxiUella). [Setiger 1 with 2 neuropodial spines. Five achaetous preanal segments] . . . . 4' Anus sunk in a pygidial funnel rimmed with anal cirri 5 Setiger 4 with an anterior membranous collar (Clymcm'Ua). [Eighteen setigers ])lus 2 achaetous preanal segments. Seti- ger 1 with about 5 neurosetae] 5' Setiger 4 without a membranous collar 6 Twenty-five or more setigers. No achaetous preanal segments (MdO'och/iiuiie). [Eye spots on prostomium. Setigers 1-3 with 1-3 neuropodial spines] 6' Twenty-one or fewer setigers. Achaetous preanal segments present 7 Setiger 1 with 4 or more neuropodial hooks similar to those in setiger 4 {A.riotliilld). 1 18 setigers and 2 achaetous pre- anal segments] 7' Setigers 1-3 with 1-3 neuropodial spines bearing vestigial denticles or none and ([uite unlike hooks of setiger 4 (Eiichjitiinic) 8 Segments 7-11 dorsally covered with numerous short gill filaments {BivHcliioasi/rliis). [19 setigers] 8' Segments 7-11 without gill filaments. [Cephalic ridge low. cephalic i)late deejily inci.sed laterally (Asi/chis). Margin of cephalic plate smooth. Pygidium with a ventral pocket] 9 Body of 1!) setigers with numerous blisters or pustules from 6th onwards. Cephalic rim low laterally and foiming a shallow ()ocket posteriorly (.4. clotKjuto) 9' Body of 18 setigers without blisters or pustules. Cephalic rim high latei-ally and forming a very (Uh']) pocket jxisteriorly 2 3 P. social is N. trispiiiata 4 8 Pra.viUclla sp. 5 C. tiirqiuitd 6 M. zonal is 7 .4. mucosa No N.C. record B. anicricaiia No N.C. record A. cnroli)iae 102 Petaloproctiis socialis Andrews. 1891 P( tiilcialis has 19. According to Arwidsson (1906: 118), PctaloproctH^ .tili,f(.r (Verrill) from Mas.sachusetts has 21 setigers. Recordti. — On sheltered sandbanks in Beau- fort Sound and in dredgings offshore in 20 m (5,7, 11, 15,21,*). Difi/(/ut(i. - Andrews, 1891a: 294 (um/ Verrill). Bmiicliioasychis americana Hartman, 1945: 40, pi. 9: Fig. 1-4; 1951: 105. Record.'^. — Beaufort Sound, intertidal (5, 11, 13). Distribntio)i. — North Carolina to F"'lorida and the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to 5 m in .soft black mud. Asyclii.s carolinae New Species KiKUiv 1 11.-1" A-'^ncliis carolinae Day, Field, and Montgomery, 1971: 123 {iiinnen )iHdin)i). Holotj/pe. — USNM 43139; nine paratypes, USNM 43140. Description. — Holotype complete, 22 mm long by 0.5 mm. Body encased in a slender mud tube and pale in alcohol apart from black flecks on head and first two segments. Prostomium ( Figure 14b) broad, flattened, and smoothly curved in front. No eyespots. Cephalic plate oval ; raised margin with one deep lateral incision but other- wise smooth; posterior part forming a deep pocket extending back to end of head. Cephalic ridge low, broad, and indistinct. Nuchal grooves strongly curved. Body with 18 .setigerous seg- ments. Anterior segments increasingly long; -seventh and eighth 8 times longer than broad; ninth and succeeding ones progressively shorter and setiger 18 broader than long. No achaetous preanal segment. Pygidium {Figure 14c) elon- gated, only slightly shorter than setigers 17 and 18 combined. Anus dorsal with a grooved plate beyond it overhanging a very deep ventral pocket. Setiger 1 without neurosetae; neuro- l)()dia of setigers 2 to 4 with 3-5 neuropodial hooks; setiger 5 and subsequent segments with a row of 12-15 hooks. Hooks of setigers 2-4 (F'igure 14d) with an arc of 3 denticles above main fang; hooks of subsequent segments (Fig- ure 14e, f) with a close-set cap of 10 teeth above main fang and well-developed tendons below. Remarks. — Most species oi Asycliis, including the type species A. biceps, have a toothed mar- gin around the cephalic plate. .4. capoisis Day from South Africa has a cephalic margin similar to that of A. carolinae but it has 19 setigers. 2 preanal segments, and the pygidial plate has no ventral pocket. Malda)u cncnligera Ehlers, from deep water off Florida has a similar head but it too has 19 setigers and the pygidium is truncate. Possibly the closest is Asi/chis elon- (/(ttd (Verrill), originally named Maidane elonija- ta but transferred by Verrill (1900) to the genus Maldanopsis, which is now regarded as a .sy- nonym of Asj/cliis. Dr. Pettibone kindly .sent me a specimen identified by Verrill for compari- son with .4. carolinae. The two species are very alike in regard to the head and pygidium but A. (loiH/ata has 19 setigers and from setiger 6 onwards the body has a scattering of small blisters or pustules. In this respect A. i lon(/ata is closer to B)'a)tcliioas!jchis america)ia Hartman but it lacks the simple branchial filaments which characterize the latter. R(Cords. — Common off Beaufort in 120-200 m (21. *). FAMILY OW ENIIDAE Only one genus and sjjecies known from North Cai'olina. Oivenia fusiformis Delle Chiaje, 1844 Records. — Beaufort, intertidal to 200 m (5, 11, 13,21, *). Distribution. — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical seas from 0 to 200 m. Owenia fusiformis. - Fauvel, 1927: 203, Fig. 71 a-f. - Day, 1967: 649, Fig. 31.1. e-j. 104 FAMILY STERN ASPIDAE Only one genus and species known from RccDrds. — Off Beaufort in 600 m (*). North Carolina. Distribiitio)i. — Cosmopolitan on stiff mud or clay bottoms in 0-600 m. Steriiaspis scutata (Ranzani. 1817) Stcnintipi.'i scKtata. - Fauvel, 1927: 216, Fig. 76 a-g. - Day, 1967: 648, Fig. 31.1. a-d. FAMILY FLABELLIGERIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Neurosetae as annulated capillaries, very similar to notosetae. Cephalic cage poorly developed. [Eight branchial filaments {Diplocirnis). Branchial filaments equal in thickness; neuro- setae with a minute terminal hook] D. c«/;e».s/.s 1' Neurosetae as falcate hooks, very different from notosetae. Cephalic cage well developed 2 2 Neurosetae as articulated hooks. Body covered with very long clavate papillae embedded in a mucilaginous sheath (Fhi- bcUifiera) Flabelligera sp. 2' Neurosetae as simple hooks often with barred shafts. Surface with short papillae but no mucilaginous sheath 3 3 Neuropodial hooks with unidentate tips. Branchial filaments arranged in a horseshoe-shaped arc. Body with skin papillae numerous but not arranged in longitudinal rows (Pin msa) 4 3' Neuropodial hooks with bidentate tips. Branchial filaments arranged in multiple series on a tongue-shaped lobe. Body with skin papillae arranged in a few longitudinal rows on dorsum and ventrum and whole surface encrusted with sand iPironiis). [Two rows of papillae i capeiisis Day, 1961: 509, P'ig. 9 a-f; tractile, consisting of an indistinct prostomial 1967: 666, Fig. 32.4. e-j. ridge with ocular pigment, a pair of grooved palps and eight subequal branchial filaments. Dencriptidu. — Body muddy brown, arenicoli- Setiger 1 with two or three elongated notosetae 105 ,Trr:Trr,*vv y I ^ ' '^ vU>*-' :$,^*^- FiRure 14. — \'icoiiuirlic trinjyiiiata a, posterior eiul. Asiichitf rarolhinr n. sp. I), head; c. posterior end; d. hook from setiRer 2; e and f, profile and face view of posterior hook. Phcnisn i-lilirsi ii. sp. k. lateral view of entii'e worm; h, lateral view of 8th segment showing- papillae; i. neuropodial hook from middle segment; j. elong'ated neuropodial hook fi'om setijrer -1. \ forming a narrower "tail" with obvious seg- mental constrictions. R( inHli(ui. — Arctic and cold North Pacific and Atlantic south to Sweden and North Caro- lina; in 0-200 m. Amp/iicteis gunneri (Sars, 1835) Ainphictcis (/innicri. - Hessle, 1917: 116, pi. 1: Fig. 9. - Fauvel, 1927: 231, Fig. 80 a-k. - Day, 1967: 695, Fig. 35.2. g-n. R('C(i)xls. — Common off Beaufort in 40-120 m (21, *). DixtriliKfioii. — Cosmojjolitan ; from intertidal to abyssal depths. Ampharete acutifrons Grube, 1860 A))iphnrt-.\ Hdlotiipc. — USNM 43141; .seven paratypes, USNM 43142 Dcsci-iptio)/. — Body 10 mm long and encased in a fragile mud tube. Prostomium (Figure 15t) bluntly triangular and folded in laterally; one pair of small latei'al eyespots but no glandular ridges. Buccal tentacles papillose (observed on a paratype). Branchial ridge well marked with two groups of four long, .subequal, cirriform gills narrowly separated in median line. Each group of gills with three in line and one slightly pos- terior in origin. A bundle of small notosetae on segment 3 and bundles of slightly larger noto- setae on segments 5 and 6. Segment 4 achaetous and completely fused to segment 3. Twelve seg- ments with well-developed notosetae and uncini starting from segment 7. Abdomen with 12 un- cinigerous segments without vestigial notopodia and without superior papillae on the oval uncinigerous tori. Thoracic notosetae as broad- bladed bilimbate capillaries. Thoracic uncini 10 per row; individual uncini (Figure 15u, v) with two vertical rows of five teeth above the small median rostral point and blunt basal prow. Abdominal uncini (Figure 15w, x) shorter and broader than thoracic ones and with two irregular rows of four teeth. R< ))ni)-ks. — When first examined, these small specimens were thought to be juveniles until it was noticed that one 10-mm specimen con- tained large eggs. The most characteristic fea- ture is the small size of the notosetae on seg- ment 3. The lack of superior papilla on the abdominal pinnules is unu.sual in ADipfinrete but these structures are often small and easily overlooked. /?( riirf/.s-. — Fifteen specimens off Beaufort in 10-20 m (*). FAMILY TEREBELLIDAE Key to genera and species 1 Gills present on segments 2-4 1' Gills absent from segments 2-4. [Tentacular lobe large and frilly. Median ventral glandular pads reduced and ventro- lateral areas of neuropodia swollen. No tube] 13 116 2 Thoracic neurosetae as long-shafted hooks starting on seg- ment 6. Tentacuhir lobe frilly 3 2' Thoracic neurosetae as avicular uncini starting on segment 5. Tentacular lobe collar-shaped 4 3 A single median gill with four partly fused lamellated lobes (Tcirhcllidcs). Eighteen bundles of notosetae T. .•<()•(>(_' mi i 3' Two or three pairs of simple cirriform gills (Trich()h)-ain-lnis). Fifteen bundles of notosetae. [Three pairs of gillsj T. glacialis 4 Gills as numerous simple filaments {Tlichpiis). [Gill filaments on three segments. Base on uncini produced forwards with a terminal attachment button and a small notch below it] T. setosiis 4' Gills branched 5 5 Notosetae with denticulate tips. Lateral lobes either present or absent on segments 2-4. Over 20 segments with notosetae 6 5' Notosetae with smooth tips. Lateral lobes present on seg- ments 2-4. About 17-18 segments with notosetae 9 6 Gills with .short basal stumps and long terminal branches; notosetae with short denticulate tips (Anipliit)-it( ). Small lateral lobes on segments 1, 2, and 3. [Over 35 .segments with notosetae] A. m-iiatd 6' Gills with well-developed trunks and short terminal branches. Notosetae with long denticulate tips in posterior segments. No lateral lobes on segments 2-4 ( Ti irhclht) 7 7 Two pairs of gills. Only jjosterior third of body without noto- setae T. i)t(riicliai ta T Three pairs of gills. Notosetae continue to near end of abdomen 8 8 Posterior notosetae with a spur pi-eceding the denticulate blade T. Uipuhn-'ni 8' Posterior notosetae without a sjnir preceding the denticulate blade T. nihni 9 Two pairs of gills (one often missing). Uncini avicular. those of first row often with long basal shafts (Pista) 10 9' Three pairs of gills. Uncini pectinate, with a single vertical series of teeth and lack basal shafts (Loiniia) 12 10 Gill filaments s])irally branched, forming a compact tuft oi' "l)om-pon" at end of trunk. [LIncini of first row with long, narrow shafts] Pislu ci-istnta 10' Gill filaments dendritically branched 11 11 Second pair of lateral lobes divided to form two tai:)ered pro- jections. Uncini of first row without long necks Pistn pahnatd 11' Second pair of lateral lobes not divided. Uncini of first row with long necks and tapered shafts Pista tiiiadfildJmta 117 12 Uncini with 5-6 teeth. Tubes constructed of sand and/or shells Lnimia mednaa 12' Uncini with 6-8 teeth. Tubes constructed of mud and sand Loiniia viridis 13 Notopodia of middle segments vascular and divided to form a tuft of branchial filaments with minute spinulose capillaries at their tips (Enoplobra)ichus) E. sa)igMi)ieKs 13' Notopodia never vascular or divided 14 14 No uncini even on posterior neuropodia and ventrum of thorax diffusely glandular. Notosetae present on thoracic segments at least 15 14' Uncini present from 7th or more posterior segment. No achae- tous middle region and capillary notosetae present from segment 2 (Polijcirrun) 17 15 No achaetous middle region. Notosetae restricted to 6-12 anterior segments {Li/silUi). [Notosetae minute and their distribution uncertain] L. itllxi 15' An achaetous middle region. Notosetae as capillaries on 9-13 anterior segments and acicular after the achaetous middle region (Amacana) 16 16 Capillary notosetae all with smooth wings. Body purple A. trilobuta 16' Capillary notosetae including winged forms and others with plumose blades like an ear of wheat. Body pale A. accmoisis 17 Notosetae including plumose forms with blades formed of a series of overlapping cones as well as larger, smooth- winged forms P. carol iin-iisis 17' Notosetae not including plumose forms 18 18 Notosetae on 16-20 segments, all with minutely spinulose blades. Three large pairs of nephridia P. c.rimius 18' Notosetae on 25-32 segments, all with smooth to faintly hispid blades. Six large pairs of nephridia P. exiiniia^ di(hiuf! Terebellides stroemii Sars, 1835 Trichobraiuhus glocialis Maimgren, 1866 Tercbellides slnniiil. - Fauvel, 1927: 291, Fig. TricJiohniiivJiiis f/laciulis. - Fauvel, 1927: 288, 100 i-q. - Day, 1967: 713, Fig. 36.1. f-j. Fig. 100 a-h. - Miner, 1950: 350, pi. 113. - TcrebclUdis stnxiiiil. - Hartmun, 1969: 653. Dav. 1967: 711. Fig. 36.1. a-e. Fig. 1-7. ftfcord.s.— Off Beaufort in 160-200 m (*). Ri'cofds. — Off Beaufort in 40-200 m (18, 21, Distributio)i. — Cosmopolitan; rarely inter- *). tidal but common in deeper water down to 200 m. Distfibiitioii. — Cosmopolitan from the Arctic to the Subantarctic; occasionally intertida! Imt ^, , , ,^ ^ r ,0,.-^ usually at depths down to 4,000 m. ' * 1^ TlieUpiis s('1()siif<. - Fauvel, 1927: 273, Fig. 95 a-h. - Hartman, 1951: 113; 1969: 649. Fig. 1-6. - Day. 1967: 729, Fig. 36.6. a. 118 R( cofds. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufoil, inter- tidal (15, 18,20). Distii'bi(tio)i. — Cosmoijolitan in all warm tem- perate areas; intertidal to about 100 m. Amphitrite oinafa (Leidy, 1855) Aniphitriic oniatu. - Verrill, 1873a: 320, pi. 16: Fig. 82. - Hartman, 1945: 44. Ri'cords. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort Sound, intertidal to 18 m (3, 5, 7, 8, 11, 15, 18. 20). Disti-ihiitioii. — Ma.s.sachu.setts to North Caro- lina; intertidal to a few meters in soft mud. Terebella pterochaeta Schmarda, 1861 Tirihclla hnni((i-c(it)i(t!(i Ehlers. 1887: 237, pi. 51: Fig. 1-5. Aniplntritid('!< briiiwn-coiiiata. - Pearse and Wil- liams, 1951: 139. - Hartman, 1959: 499. Tcrehelld ptcrocJuutd. - Day, 1967: 747, Fig. 36.10. a-f. R( niarkn. — TerebeUa liiinnd-vumutd has been well described and illustrated by Ehlers (1887) and his description agrees in detail with the description of TcnbcUa ptrrocliuitn Schmarda, given by Day (1967). Both have 2 pairs of branched gills, noto.setae with narrow wings and denticulate tips, and 16 ventral pads. T. hrinu'D-CDwata has 27 segments with noto- setae and uncini with three ai'cs of close-set denticles while T. pterochaeta has 28-33 seg- ments with notosetae and uncini with a crest of close-set denticles. Both characters are variable in the genus and the number of arcs of denticles, which are always irregular and integrated, is never clear. The two appear conspecific and Schmarda's name has priority. As He.ssle (1917) has defined the genus Terebella with two or three pairs of branching gills, I see no point in referring this species to Amphitritides Augener. Records. — On shallow reefs off North Caro- lina (14). Distribution. — South Africa; tropical Indo- Pacific from the Red Sea to Indo-China; ? West Africa; North Carolina to Florida; intertidal to 50 m. Terebella lapidario Linnaeus, 1767 Terebella lapidaria. - Fauvel, 1927: 254, Fig. 87 f-1. Rec())-ds. — Cape Hatteras area, intertidal (18). Distribution. — Warm North Atlantic from the Engli-sh Channel to Morocco; Mediterranean; Massachusetts to North Carolina: intertidal to 30 m. Terebella rubra (Verrill. 1873) (Homonym) Lepraea rubra Verrill, 1873a: 321 (iioii Tere/)( lla rubra Ri.sso, 1826). Terebella ?v/6r«. -Hartman, 1945: 44; 1951: 112.- McCloskey, 1970: 28. Remarks. — Hartman, (1959a) reported that Terebella rubra (Verrill) is a junior homonym. I have not seen a specimen but the published descrij^tions state that it has three pairs of gills, that the notosetae continue to near the end of the abdomen, and that individual notosetae do not possess a spur at the base of the denticu- lated blade. These characters suggest that Verrill's species must be close to T. elirciibergi Grube from the Indo-Pacific and T. scliDiai'daei Day from South Africa. Dr. Pettibone has sug- gested that the type be examined before it is renamed. Reco)-ds. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal to 7 m (3, 5, 11, 13. 15, 18. 20). Dist)-ibiifi(>ii. — Massachusetts to North Caro- lina; intertidal to a few meters. Pista cristata (Muller, 1776) Pista cristata. - Fauvel. 1927: 266, Fig. 93 a-g. - Hartman, 1945: 44; 1951: 113; 1969: 615, Fig. 1-3. - Day, 1967: 738, Fig. 36.7. h-j. RectD-ds. — North Carolina, intertidal to 20 m (3. 11, 13,21, *). Distribiitioa. — Arctic and throughout the At- lantic to South Africa; Mediterranean; North Pacific; intertidal to 200 m. Pista palmata (Verrill. 1873) ScioHopsis palmata Verrill, 1873a: 614, pi. 11: Fig. 3. - Miner, 1950: 349, pi. 113. Pista palmata. - Hartman, 1951: 112. 119 Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort Sound; intertidal to 7 m (3, 11. 13, 15. 18, 20). Distribution. — Ma.ssachusetts to Floiida and the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal to a few meters. Pista quadrilobato (Au^ener. 1918) Nicolea qiiadrilolnita. - Augener, 1918: 532. pi. 6: Fig. 183, pi. 7: Fig. 226-227. te.xt Fig. 90. Pista quadrilobata. - Day 1967; 740, Fig. 36.8. a-e. Description. — Tentacular lobe collar-shaped, with orange tentacles and numerous eyespots. Buccal .segment (Figure 16a) with large, wing- like lateral lobes united basal ly to form a sheath at base of tentacles; second segment short with rudimentary ventrolateral lobes; third .seg- ment with large lateral lobes. Two pairs of dendritically branched gills (one gill often miss- ing). Smooth-tipped winged capillaries on 18 segments starting from segment 4. Rows of avicular uncini from .segment 5. Uncini of first and second rows (Figure 16b, c) with a long neck below rostrum and base extending back as a short, tapered shaft; uncini of subsequent segments with shorter necks and without shafts. Remarks. — This species is close to Pista palmata but the latter is reported to have the lateral lobes of .segment 3 divided to form tapered projections and the uncini of the first row differ in shape. Reco)-ds. — Beaufort Sound between tide marks and on coral in 18 m off Beaufort (20, *). This is a new record for the United States. Distribution. — South and South West Africa; intertidal to 20 m. Loimia medusa (Savigny, 1818) Loiniid tnrf/i(l(i. - Andrews, 1891a: 298. pi. 18: Fig. 46-49. Loimia mednsa. - Hartman, 1945; 46, pi. 10; Fig. 2, 3; 1951: 111; 1969: (501. Fig. 1-3. - Day, 1967; 743, Fig. 36.9. a-e. Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal to 20 m (5, 7, 11, 13, 15, 18, *). Distribution. — In warm to tropical waters of all oceans from 0 to 100 m. Loimia riridis Moore, 1903 Ldimia riridis Moore, 190.3: 723, Fig. 11-14. - Hartman, 1945: 46, pi. 10: Fig. 4. 5; 1951; 111. R( ma)-ks. — This species is closely related to L. mednsa if not merely a variety of it. According to Hartman (1945) "/.. riridis differs from L. m( dnsa [see above] since it constructs mud- covered tubes instead of coarse shell-covered ones; ventral thoracic gland shields are notably broader and thicker and uncini have teeth more closely spaced." The uncini have six or seven (or eight) teeth whereas there are four to six in L. mednsa. R( cords. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal (11, 13, 18). Dist)-Hintion. — Massachusetts to the Gulf of Mexico; intertidal. Eiwplobranchun .sanguineu.s (Verrill, 1873) CJiaetobrancJins sangninens. - Verrill. 1873a: 616. Enoplol)]vnclins saiu/n iiiens. - Hartman, 1942a: 75, pi. 113; 1944c: pi. 54: Fig. 8; 1945: 47. Desei-ij)tio}i. — Body markedly tapered. 100- 350 mm long, red when alive. Tentacular lobe large and frilly, bearing numerous long con- tractile tentacles. Normal gills absent but noto- podia branched and vascular from about seg- ment 9. Va.scular branches with small spinulose capillaries at their ends. Posterior notopodia not vascular and without notosetae. Neurosetae absent. Ventrum glandular and midventral pads greatly reduced. No tube. Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort on intertidal mudbanks and on coral at 6.5 m (3, 11, 13, 18,20, *). Distributio)i. — Gulf of St. Lawrence to North Carolina; intertidal to 6.5 m. Lysilla alba Webster. 1879 Ljisdla allm Webster, 1879; 63. pi. 10; Fig. 148. - Hartman, 1945: 47. R( cords. — Beaufort, on sheltered shores (3, 11). 120 P^Kure 16. — Pista qiiadrilnliiitd a. antt'nor t-nd; li and c. t-d^t'-on and lateral views ofum-inus ficmi first row. Aiiiaciinu tiilohuta d. thoracic capillary seta; e, abdominal acicular seta; f, ventrolateral view of entire worm. Amiicaiia accyaensi!^ g. plumose capillary seta. Puliiri mix cri iiiiitu h, ventral view of anterior end; i and j. edu'e-on and lateral view of uncinus; k and 1, longer and shorter capillary setae. PolycirriiK cartav)iia 5 Thoracic notosetae include both winged capillaries and paleae with very short broad blades. [Dorsal radioles with eye- spots halfway along {Pota nulla)] 6 5' Thoracic notosetae as winged capillaries with broader or narrower wings: no i)aleae 7 6 Collar prolonged ventrally forming a basal sheath for branchial lobes P. spathiferus 6' Collar not prolonged ventrally P. reniforuiis 7 Two or more radioles, each with one large subterminal eye {Mccjcilom ma) 8 7' Dorsal radioles with a series of small lateral eyespots (Sabella) 9 8 Subterminal eyes on most radioles. [Collar not notched dorso- laterally 1 M. lobifcrii ni 8' Subterminal eye restricted to two dorsal radioles M. b'utculatiim 124 it Eyespots paired and regularly arranged along radioles 9' Eyespots irregularly scattered along radioles 10 Abdominal segments with rows of minute uncini almost en- circling body. Thoracic notosetae all winged capillaries. [Radioles united by a web (Mij.ricola)] 10' Abdominal segments with short compact rows of uncini. Thora- cic notosetae include both winged capillaries and paleae . . . 11 Radioles without lateral flanges and always separate. Abdomi- nal notosetae avicular, with broad tails 11' Radioles flanged, .sometimes partly united. Abdominal noto- setae quadrangular, without tails 12 Radioles '■'> pairs, not united by web. (0)'i(ipfphtli(ili)/(t No N.C. record 11 J(t>ini'nicira hilo/xi Id 12 Oriiipsis sp. C. uniiricaiia Branchiomma nigromaciilata (Baird, lS6.'i) Biv iirhldiNDKi iiiijniniaciihitd. - Hartman, 1951: 114. - Day, 1967: 770, Fig. ;^7.4. m-p. Rtci,r(]s. — Off Beaufort, intertidal to 20 m ( 1:5). Dixtrihiitiitii. — North Carolina to the West In- dies; Cape Verde Islands; South Africa; Red Sea; tropical Indian Ocean; Japan; intertidal to about 50 m. Hypsicomus pliaeofoenia (Schmarda. 1S61) PrutHlidcs elcyaiis Webster 1884: 325, i)l. 11: Fig. 63-74. HijpxicoDiH^ titriiKdtiix. - Hartman, 1945: 47. Hypsicdiiiiis (U ^ pliucotacin'd from the Indian Ocean examined by me and with the present specimen from Beaufort. The name H. plidcotaoiid Schmarda has priority. Hartman (1945) reported a specimen from Beaufort as H. toi-qiidtus (Grube) and agreed with Augener (1922) that P)-(itdUdf's clcf/diis Webster was a synonym. Since I have not seen Gioibe's original description I cannot comment on this synonymy but I do not agree with Hartman (1951) that H. cii-nnuspiriciis Ehlers is a synonym of Pi'o- tiilidcs I'hcjdHs Webster and thus a .synonym of H. phatotaeiiia. Ehlers' description and figures are very clear and the ventrally elongated collar of his H. ci)rin}isperi<))s is quite different from the short collar of H. phdintdi iiin. Ricdvds. — Cape Hatteras to South Carolina; intertidal to 20 m (5, 11, 13, 15, 18, 20, *). Dif^trihdtio)!. — North Carolina to the West Indies and the Gulf of Mexico; circumtropical; intertidal to 30 m. Potamillo (Potamethus) spathifenis (Ehlers. 1887) New Combination Pi}tdiiiix spdthif( )'ii.<. - Ehlers, 1887: 278, pi. 54: Fig. 7-11, pi. 55: Fig. 1-4. D( xcriptiiiii. — Body very slender, up to 48 mm long and encased in a sandy tube. No color markings. Branchial lobes long and slanting, each bearing a semicircle of six to nine separate, elongated radioles ending in very long tapered filaments. Collar with four lobes all projecting forwards; paired ilorsal lobes smaller and narrower; paired ventrolateral lobes slanting, their ventral ends forming a sheath supjjorting the branchial base. Thorax with eight .setigerous segments. Notosetae of setigers 2-8 include two or three winged capillaries and three to five jialeae with oval blades and small tapered ti]is. Neurosetae include a row of pickaxe setae 125 with delicate symmetrical blades taperinp to fine tips and a row of avicular uncini with striated crests, long arched necks and rather long shafts. Abdomen with about 70 segments; pygidium blunt. Abdominal notosetae as avicu- lar uncini similar to those on thorax. Abdominal neurosetae as small winged capillaries with blades broad basally tapering to long slender tips. Rcniark.'i. — As noted above, only one type of abdominal neuroseta was found in the speci- mens from Beaufort, namely capillaries with wings broad at the base and then narrowing to very long slender tips. These may be inter- preted as modified paleae or winged capillaries. When partially retracted, only the long slender tip shows like a narrow-winged capillary, and it is possible that this is the reason why Ehlers describes (but does not figure) two types of abdominal neurosetae. Ehlers referred his speci- mens to Pdtaniis but as this was preoccupied in the Lepidoptera, Chamberlin (1919) proposed a new name PatciDictlnis. This appears so close to Pofaniilla that I have accorded it the rank of a subgenus. Records. — Three specimens off Beaufort in 18 m on coral heads (20, *). Dist)-il)iiti(>H. — Florida and West Indies; in 10 to 500 m. Potantilla renifonnis (Leuckart. 1849) Piitdmilhi oriilifi-m Verrill, 1873a: 822, pi. 17: Fig. 86. Potamillit toiiiiosd Webster, 1879: 265, pi. 10; Fig. 149-153. PotaniilUi reiiifoi-niis. - Fauvel, 1927; 309, Fig. 107 a-1. -Johansson, 1927: 142. - Day, 1967: 764, Fig. 37.3. a-f. P.sc'iKlopotaniillu reiiifonniii. - Hartman, 1945; 47; 1959a; 557. PdtdnnlUt (Psc/idopofa niilla ) oc/dlfcrd. - Miner, 1950: 119. RcmarkK. — I agree with Johansson that Pseii- dopiitdniilld Bush is not separable from Pota- niilla Malmgren. RccoydK. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal to a few meters (3, 11, 15, 18). DislrihiitioH. — Cosmopolitan; intei'tidal to 100 m. Megalomma lobiferum (Ehlers, 1887) BiviirhiiiiuDid lobiferiun Ehlers. 1887: 254, pi. 53: Fig. 10-15. Meyalonima lobiferum. - Hartman, 1951; 115. Remdrks. — This species is close to M. rc.-sc)-iptii>ii. — Length 3.5 mm including bran- chiae; 11 thoracic and 19 abdominal segments. Three pairs of flanged radioles. Collar low dor- sally, widening laterally and forming two united triangular lobes ventrally; margin of collar smooth. Thoracic notopodia with three winged capillaries and two paleae bearing oval blades and fine tapering tips. Thoracic neurosetae as a row of four or five long-shafted hooks each with one large tooth and a close-set cap of small denticles above i-ostrum. Abdominal uncini almost square and arranged in rows of six or seven per notopodium. Individual uncini with a recurved basal prow and main fang surmounted by three or four rows of smallei- teeth with four teeth per row. Remarks. — The presence of paleae among the thoracic notosetae and the numerous ab- dominal segments are unusual in the genus Or/();).s(.s-. Oridia crcnlcollix Annenkova, shares these characters and is doubtfully referred to Oriopsi.'< by Ban.se (1957). It differs from the Beaufort material in having a scalloped edge to the collar. Records.— Off Be-Aufovt in 40-160 m (*). 127 Figure 17. — ('hone Kiiicricaitit n. sp. a, dorsal view ot'i-Mtiiv worm; a', iJosturior end of juvenile; li, ventral view of collar and lips; c and d, lateral and edRe-on views of thoracic hooks; e and f, edR'e-on and lateral view of al)doniinal uncini; k. thoracic winjjed capillary; h. thoracic palea; j, thoracic tapered capillary; k. winged capillary from anterior abdomen; 1, slender capillary from posterior abdomen. Jasniincira Inlolnitn n. sp. m and n. lateral and edge-on views of thoracic hook; o, thoracic palea; p. thoracic winged capillary; q, abdominal capillary; r, dorsal view of collar; s, ventral view of colhir overlying ventral lips; t. lateral view of worm; u and v, edge-on and lateral views of abdominal uncinus. 128 Chone americana New Species p'igiiri' 17a-l Day. Field, and Montgomery, Clioiic n. .s]i. 1971: 123. Hnlii)i)iae)] Operculum always present; no pinnules on opercular stalk. Thorax with 6-7 setigers iScrjnillnac) Operculum absent or poorly developed; pinnules present on opercular stalk. Thorax with 5-12 setigers. [Collar .setae with a separate toothed lobe at base of blade (FilngnuKt)] . Opercular stalk with a pair of small wings below operculum . . . Opercular stalk wingless, but .sometimes wrinkled or annulated . Collar setae as a few winged capillaries. Operculum as a fiat or conical calcareous plate (PitDintoco-os). [Operculum without three-pronged i)rojections antl usually conical with a dorsal talon] Collar setae with a spinulo.se lobe at ba.se of blade. Operculum as a calcareous plate with branching projections (Spiro- branchus) 2 14 F. inipU'.vu 4 5 P. uiiio'lcanus S. (/ifjaiiteKs 129 5 Collar setae include stout bayonet-setae with conical bosses at base of smooth blade 6 5' Collar setae all winged capillaries with smooth or serrated blades. [Operculum chitinous. either conical or cylindrical] 13 6 Operculum a simple funnel formed of fused radii. (S'-rpnla) [Inner surface of funnel minutely granular] S. ro'Diiciihiris gjxniulosa 6' Operculum of two parts: a basal funnel of fused radii and an upper crown of 8-14 horny spines. (Hiidroides) [Tips of radii ending in simple points] 7 7 Opercular spines with one or more pairs of lateral spinules; [tips curved inwards] 8 7' Opercular spines without latei'al spinules 10 8 Opei'cular spines with 2-3 pairs of lateral spinules. Bayonet- setae with denticulate shaft -heads. Tube attached to floating objects {H. elegaiis) No N.C. record 8' Opercular spines with one pair of lateral sjiinules. Bayonet- setae with shaft-heads smooth apart from the two conical bosses 9 9 Opercular spines equal in size H. criicigcra 9' Opercular spines unequal; [often knobbed at point of in- flection ] H. pitrva 10 Tips of opercular spines all curved inwards toward center 11 10' Tips of opercular spines not all curved inwards toward center 12 11 Oi)ercular spines graded in length. Many spines with an exter- nal conical spinule near base H. saiictaernicis 11 ■ Opercular spines equal in length. All s]:)ines with an inner hooked spinule near base H. Kiiciiiatns 12 Tips of spines curved in same direction, some pointing in- wards, some sideways, and some outwards H. dicnithiis 12' Tips of spines curved outwanls. [Tips of radii curved out- wards] H. pri)tiilirola V.\ Opercular stalk annulated, replacing second dorsal radiole on left side. Operculum without internal .septa. CJauge of uncinus simple (J\I( hircniiilid) M. nmltici-isldta i;V Opercular stalk wrinkled, replacing first dorsal radiole on right side. Operculum truncate with internal .septa and external rings. (lauge of uncinus hifui-cate {]'( i-niiliopsis) T'. uinmlala 14 Shell coiled anticlockwise when seen from above. Incuba- tion in tube. Collar setae without a (in at base of blade Spirorhis (Circcis) .^7>//////nH 14' Shell coiled anticlockwise when seen from above. Incuba- tion in operculum. Collar .setae with a fin at base of blade .... Spirorhis (JtuiuuJ cun-ugatus 130 Filograna implexa Berkeley, 1828 Filonnuia iiHpU'.m. - Fauvel, 1927: 376, Fig. 129 a. b. - Day. 1967: 817. Fig. .38.7. a-h. - Zibrowius. 1968: 179, pi. 10: Fig. 1-12. Sdlmarind di/stcri. - Fauvel, 1927: 377, Fig. 129 c-k. -Hartman. 1951: 120. Rcciirds. — Cape Hatteras to South Carolina, intertidal to 20 m (11, 13. 14. 18, *). Dlstfihiition. — Cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical sea.s; intertidal to over 100 m. Pomatoceros americonits New Species FiKUif ISa-f Poniafdccros caeriilciis. - Well.s and Gray, 1964: 74 {iKHi Schmarda). Ponidtoro-os triquetcr. - McCloskey, 1970: 26 (//(*;/ Linnaeu.s). Ponnitoce )•<>.'< n. sp. - Day, Field, and Mont- gomery, 1971: 123. H<'li>t!ipc.—\JSNM 43131: ca. 100 paratype.s, USNM 43132. Descriptio)! . — Tube (Figure 18a) pinki.sh white, triangulai' in section; median ridge smooth and projecting as a tooth over aperture. Body up to 18 mm long. Branchial crown formed of two arcs of 12-15 radioles united by a web for one-third their length. Radioles with two blue bands when fresh. Opercular stalk blue, triangu- lar basally but flattened and broader distally, with a pair of smooth narrow wings below oper- culum. Operculum (Figure 18c, d) swollen, apex conical, and calcareous resembling a Phrygian cap; some paratypes with operculum covered by a flattened calcareous plate (Figure 18b). Collar incised ventrolaterally forming paired lateral lobes and a median ventral lobe with small fillets in incisions. Lateral lobes extending back as thoracic membranes to end of thorax and united ventrally as a small apron at origin of abdomen. Collar .setae as a few, small limbate capillaries. Notosetae of setigers 2 to 7 as larger limbate capillaries. Thoracic neurosetae as long rows of uncini; individual uncini (Figure 18f) with one row of about 12 teeth preceding a broad emarginate gouge. Abdominal neurosetae elon- gated on posterior segments but all with a den- ticulate apex produced as a spike on one side (Figure 18e). R(ni(n-ks. — Pomatoceros americainiN differs from the European P. triqueter mainly in the shape of the operculum. Tricorn projections which often occur on the opercular plate of P. triqueter. are absent in P. (inierirai/ns, and conical cap with its rectangular talon, when well developed, is very characteristic. Speci- mens of P. triqueter. kindly loaned to me by Dr. George of the British Museum, do not show this character. P. aDicricaiiiis has been confused with P. caei-iilciis (Schmarda), originally described as PlacoxtefjKs cae)-iileiis from the Cape of Good Hope and New Zealand. As shown by Day (1955), the Cape form is a distinct species which lacks collar setae and is now known as Ponnttdleios k)viissii (Baird); the New Zealand form of P. (■(teriileiis has an operculum with two tiers of plates and has not been recorded with certainty from America. P. aniericaiiits has also been confused with Pt})}iat()lei(>s caenilesceuN Augener, from the Gulf of Mexico and Poniuto- ceros niiiiutHs Rioja recorded from both coasts of Mexico and by Zibrowius (1969) from Brazil. A discussion of these species will be found in Zibrowius (1970b: 15). P. i)U)iut)is differs from P. oDieiicaiiHs in havinga tube with three ridges, in its smaller size (maximum length 6 mm), only five or six radioles to each branchial lobe, an operculum with a bilobed calcareous plate, and thoracic uncini with a bifurcated gouge. Riciirds. — Abundant on corals and Pecteii .shells in 18-40 m off Beaufort (19, 20, 21, *). Dist)-ihiiti())i. — I am indebted to Dr. H. Zibrow- ius for the following extension of range: off Sapelo Island, Ga., in 34 m; south of Tortugas, Fla.. in 75 m; Gulf of Mexico, lat 29°25'N, long 88 40'W in 40 m. Serpula vermiculoris granulosa Marenzeller, 1884 Serpula f/iruiidosa. - Marenzeller, 1884: 19. pi. 4: Fig. 1. Serpula rernueiihiris. - McCloskey, 1970: 26. Description. — Tube pinkish white, circular in section, faintly ridged. Body 20 mm long. Oper- cular stalk smooth and wingless; operculum (Figure 18g) as a shallow funnel formed of 20-40 radii with blunt tips; inner surface of funnel with 131 numerous granules. Collar incised, forming a median ventral lobe and paired lateral lobes. Lateral lobes continuous with thoracic mem- branes reaching setiger 7 and uniting ventrally as a short ai)ron at origin of abdomen. Collar setae include limbate capillaries and stout bayonet-setae with two bosses at base of blade. Thoracic uncini with one row of six teeth graded in size. Abdominal uncini with four to eight teeth but otherwise similar to those of thorax. Abdominal neurosetae changing from T-shaped forms, with a denticulate blade at right angles to shaft, to slender, wingless capillaries near posterior end of abdomen. Remarks. — As shown by the above descrip- tion, the subspecies f/cfn/^/o.s-o is similar to S. vermiciila ris apart from the granules on the operculum. I do not feel that it merits specific rank. Rccoi-ds. — On coral off Beaufort in 18 m (20, *). Spirobranchus giganteus (Pallas, 1766) Spirohranclnis ciicfoitciis. - Ehlers. 1887: 286, pi. 57: Fig. 1-7. - Pixell. 1913: 80, pi. 8: Fig. 6. - Day, 1967: 803, Fig. 38.3. h-k. - ten Hove. 1970: 14, pi. 2: A, B, Fig. 35-63. - Zibrowius, 1970: 14. pi. 3: Fig. 1-10. Rcconlfi. — Off Beaufort on corals in 18 m (20, *). Distvibutiitn. — Circumtropical in 0-50 m. Hydroides crucigera Morch, 1863 HjidrokU s o-iicigov. - Monro, 1933c: 1083, Fig. 26. Hi/driiichs l)isplii()sa. - Bush, 1910: 496. - Hart- man, 1942a: 88. R( cords. — Cape Hatteras area, intertidal, and off Beaufort on coral in 18 m (18, 20, •). Distrihiitiini. — South America (Punta Are- nas); Burmuda; North Carolina; Gulf of Pana- ma; Hawaii; intertidal to 30 m. Hydroides parva (Treadwell, 1901) EuTpomatus parrus Treadwell, 1901: 210, Fig. 79, 80. Hi/d roides ( Ell pn nia t II s ) pcu'rii s . - Augener , 1933: 366. Hiidroidi's parvus. - Zibrowius, 1970: 6, i)l. 1: Fig. 5, 6. Records. — Cape Hatteras area, intertidal (18). Distrihiitloii. — North Carolina to the West In- dies; Gulf of Mexico and Columbia; intertidal. Hydroides sanctaecrticLs (Morch. 1863) Hi/droides saiictae-crucis. - Fauvel. 1919a: 478, Fig. 23. Eiiponiatiis doridiiniHs. -Wells and Gray. 1964: 74. Records. — North Carolina. Gulf of Mexico and French Guiana; intertidal to a few meters. Hydroides dianthus (Verrill. 1873) Eiiponiatiis diaiifliiis. - Hartman, 1945: 48, pi. 10: Fig. 1; 1951: 118. - Rioja. 1957: 260, Fig. 15. Hifdroidts diaiitlnis. - Zibrowius, 1971a: 697, Figs. 1-5. Reco}-ds. — Cape Hatteras to South Carolina. intertidal to about 30 m (5, 8. 9. 11. 13, 14, 15, 18, 19,20, •■). Distribution. — Massachusetts to the West In- dies and the (lulf of Mexico; Mediterranean; intertidal to 30 m. Hydroides uncinala (Philippi, 1844) PMKUi-e 18 h, i Eiipon/atiis 11 iiciiiatiis. - Ehlers, 1887: 285. pi. 58: Fig. 6-11. - McClo.skey, 1970: 26. Hydroides inieiiiata. - Fauvel, 1927: 357, F^ig. 122 a-h. - Zibrowius, 1968: 109, pi. 13: Fig. 28. Deso'iptioii. — Length up to 60 mm. Tube stout, rugose, adnate. often irregularly coiled. Opercular stalk without wings. Opercular fun- nel (Figure 18h) radially symmetrical and formed of about 30 radii ending in tapered points. Opercular crown of 10-11 equal horny spines curving inwards and ending in sharp points; a faint lateral flange proximally, but no lateral 132 FiKUve 18. — I'oiiiiftocfron ((Diciicinnut n. sp. a, tulio; I), flat form of operculum; c and il. lateral and dorsal views of conical form of operculum; e. abdominal neuroseta; f. thoracic uncinus. S(rpiilii r< iiiiitiihiris iiianiiluxa k. operculum. Hiithciidrx iiiiciiiata h, operculum; i, lateral view of a spine from the crown. Mi-tiin-niiiliii miilti- criKtutd j. dorsal view of anterior end; k. oi)erculum; 1. thoracic winded capillary; m. "seta of Apomtitiis"; n and o. edge-on and lateral views of thoracic uncinus; p. abdominal g'eniculate seta; q. edjfe-on view of abdominal uncinus. 133 spinules; each spine (Figure 181) with an in- wardly directed hook at its base. Seven thoracic setigers. Thoracic membranes extending to end of thorax. Bayonet-setae with a pair of smooth, conical bosses at base of smooth blade. Thora- cic uncinigerous rows black; individual uncini with six or seven teeth. Rc))iarks. — H. i(iici)Hitu is distinguished from H. ■pseudouncinata and H. gairacensis by the simple points to the radii. Zibrowius (1970a: 693) reports that the worldwide records of H. micinata are based on several closely allied but distinct species. He regards Philippi's origi- nal description of H. loicinata as insufficient and feels the name should be dropped. These specimens from North Carolina belong to a group or possibly one species including H. spongicola Benedict, H. elegantuhif; Bush, H. decora Treadwell, and H. nlatnlateralia (Jones). I do not have the specimens to sort out this tangle. I report the name H. inici)iata and the above description and leave other workers with the necessary material to investigate further. R( cords. —Off Beaufort in 6..5-18 m (20, *). Hydroides protulicola Benedict, 1887 Hi/droides protiiUcola Benedict, 1887: 5,50, pi. 20: Fig. 71, pi. 21: Fig. 18-2.3. Eii])<>niatiis pri)tiilic(}la. - Rioja, 1946: 199, Fig. 10-1.3. - Hartman, 1951: 119. Records. — Cape Hatteras to Beaufort, inter- tidal to 40 m (13, 18, *). Distribution. — Cape Hatteras and North Car- olina to the Culf of Mexico; intertidal to 40 m. Metavermilia mitllieristola (Philippi. 1844) KiKlu-c ISj-q Verniiliopsis nnillicristata. - Zibrowius, 1968: 128, pi. 3: Fig. 25-34, pi. 14: Fig. g. Verniiliopsis orcidentalis. - McCloskey, 1970: 28 (non Mcintosh). Mctarerniilia nmlticrislo to . - Zit)r(nvius, 19711): 1375. Fig. 1. Deso-iption. — -Tube adnate, with three ridges including a low, regularly scalloped lateral pair. and a smooth median keel ; no transverse ridges formed by earlier apertures. Body slender, 11 mm long, uniformly pale in alcohol. Branchial crown (Figure 18j) formed by two slanting bran- chial lobes each bearing seven radioles. Oper- cular stalk formed from long and annulated second dor.sal radiole; no wings. Operculum (Figure 18k), fig-shaped with base soft, swollen, and white; heavily chitinized distal part brown, with a faint rim around truncate end; no internal septa. Collar frilly and incised, forming paired lateral lobes and a single ventral lobe; lateral lobes continuous with wide thoracic membranes to setiger 3 then abruptly narrowed but reaching end of thorax. Collar setae as slender-winged capillaries; noto.setae of setigers 2 to 7 with many winged capillaries (Figure 181) and a few "setae of Aponiatii.^" (Figure 18m) with most of blade finely dentate. Thoracic uncini (Figure 18n,o) with a single or double row of 12 teeth preceding the large truncate gouge. Abdominal uncini (Figure 18q) with two or three rows of 10 teeth; abdominal capillaries (Figure 18p) geniculate, with a tapering denticulate blade almo.st at right angles to shaft. Ri )iiarks. — V. mnlticristatct is unusual in that the opercular stalk replaces the second and not the first radiole of the left branchial lobe, further the opercular stalk is annulated and the operculum itself lacks internal septa. Fur- ther remarks will be found in Zibrowius (1968). It will be noted that the tube described above differs from that described by Zibrowius which usually has five to seven dentate ridges. Records. — On corals in 18 m off Beaufort (20, *). This is a new record for the United States. Distrihiition. — Mediterranean and warm east- ern Atlantic from the Bay of Biscay to Madeira, Canary Islands, and Ghana; from shallow water to 943 m. Verniiliopsis anniilota (Schmarda, 1861) V< rinilia (unnilata Schmarda, 1861: 28, pi. 21: Fig. 176. - Ehlers, 1887: 308, pi. 58: Fig. 12-16; pi. 59: Fig. 1-3. Records. — On coral reefs in North Carolina in a few meters (14). l)istril>nti()n. — North Carolina to Florida and the West Indies; intertidal to 4 m. 134 Spirorbis (Circeis) spirillum Linnaeus. 17(i7 S{)if< (Dc.ri(>spi}'(i ) spirilliini. - Fauvel, 1927: 392, Fig. 132. f-p. - Bergen, 1953: 41, Fig. 6 a-c, pi. 1: Fig. h-i. - Gee, 1964: 417, Fig. 6a-f. Sliinn-I)!^ (CIrccisJsplrllhnii. - Bailey, 1969: 401 (list only). Remarks. — This is a very doubtful record. Records. — On Pccto! shells off Beaufort; intertidal to 20 m (1.5). Distrihiitixti. — Arctic; North Pacific; North Atlantic; intertidal to 20 m. Spirorbis (Janua) corrugatiis (Montagu. 180.3) Spirorhis (De.riospiixt } eorriKjut us. - p^auvel, 1927: 393, Fig. 133 h-p. - Hartman. 1951: 121. - Zibrowius, 1968: 203. pi. 13: Fig. 16-27. Spirarhis (JaiiiKt } cdrriiciatits. - Bailey, 1969: 401 (list only). ReiiKtrks. — Professor Knight-Jones, in a per- sonal communication, suggests that the record from Sii i-(/assi{ III may refer to the allied species S. (J.)f(inii(isiis Bush. Rccards. — On Siirgassinii cast ashore near Cape Hatteras (18). Dist rihiititni. — Mediterranean; warm and tropical Atlantic to the Gulf of Mexico; inter- tidal to a few meters. LITERATURE CITED ANDREWS. E. A. 1891a. Rf|)ort upon the Annelida Polychaeta of Beau- fort, North Carolina. Proc. U..S. Natl. Mus. \-i:211-:i02. IK'Jlb. A commensal annelid. Am. Nat. 2y>:2!i-'-i^t. ARWID.SSON, I. 189'.t. .Studien iiber die Familien Glyceridae und Goniadidae. Arb. Bergens Mus. 11: 1-70. I'.IOC. Studien iiber die skandinavischen und ark- tischen Maldaniden nebst ZusammenstellunK der iibrischen bisher bekannten Arten dieser Familie. Zool. Jahrb. (Suppl.) 9:l-:?08. AUGENER.H. 1906. Reports on the results of dredKintj, under the supervision of Alexander Apassiz, in the Gulf of Me.xico and the Caribbean Sea, and on the east coast of the United States, 1877 to 1880, by the U. S. Coast Survey Steamer "Blake." Lieut. Commander C. D. Sig:sbee, U. S. N.. and Commander J. R. Bartlett, U. S. N., command- ing-. XLII. Westindische Polychaeten. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll. 43;89-196. 1918. Polychaeta. //( W. Michaelsen (editor). Beitragre zur Kenntnis des Meeresfauna West Afrikas. Vol. 2. p. 67-62."). Hamburg. 1922. fiber litorale Polychaeten von We.stindien. .Sber. Ges. Naturfoi-sch. Ereunde Berl. 1922: •■ii-r>:i. 192.5. tiber westindische und einige andere Poly- chaeten-Typen von Grube, Oersted, Kroyer. Morch und Schmarda. Publ. Univ. Zool. Mus. Kbh. :i9:l-47. I'XiS. Polychaeten aus den zoologischen Museen von Leiden und Amsterdam. -II L Zool. Meded. Lei- den 16:28.3-316. BAILEY,.!. H. 1969. Methods of bi'ood pi'otection as a basis for reclassification of the Spirorbinae (Serpulidae). Zool. .J. Linn. Soc. Lond. 48:387-407. BANSE.K. 19.57. Die Gattungen Oriopnia, Dfiidcmoiia und Aiific- in-iiilld (Sabellidae. Polychaeta). Vidensk. Medd. Naturhist. Foren. Klih. 119:67-105. F.ANSE. K.. and K. D. HOBSON 1968. Benthic polychaetes from Puget Sound, Wash- ington, with remarks on four other species. Proc. U.S. Natl. Mu.s. 125(3667): 1-53. BARNES. R. I). 1964. Tube-liuilding and feeding in the chaetopterid ))olychaete, .Spiochaetopterus oculatus. Biol. Bull. (Woods Hole) 127:397-412. BENEDICT, J. E. 1887. Descriptions of ten species and one new genus of annelids from the dredgings of the U. S. Fish Commission .Steamer .\lbatross. Proc. Natl. Mus. 9:547-553. BERGAN.P. 1953. The Norwegian species of Spirorbis Daudin. Nytt Mag. Zool. 1:27-48. BERGSTROM.E. 1914. Zur Systematik des Polychaetenfamilie der Phyllodociden. Zool. Bidr. Upps. 3:37-224. BLAKE. J. A. 1969. Systemalics and ecology of shell-boring poly- chaetes from New England. Am. Zool. 9:813- 820. 1971. Revision of the genus Pvli/dmii from the east coast of North America (Polychaeta: Spioni- dae). Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 75, 32 p. BUSH, K.J. 1910. Description of new serpulids from Bermuda with notes on known forms from adjacent regions. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 62:490-501. CHAMBERLIN.R.V. 1919. The Annelida Polychaeta. Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll. 48, 514 p. CLAPAREDE, E. 1869. Les Annelides Chetopodes du Golfe de Naples. Second Partie. Mem. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Geneve 20:1-225. 135 DAY.J.H. 1953. The polyt-haclf fauna of South Africa. Part 2: Errant species from Cape shores and estuaries. Ann. Natal Mus. 12::ii)7-441. 1955. The Polychaeta of South Africa. Part :5: Seden- tary species from Cape shores and estuaries. -J. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool. 42:4()7-4.')2. 1957. The polychaet fauna of South Africa. Part 4. New species and records from Natal and Mocanihique..'\nn. Natal Mus. 14:5it-12!). 19(50. The polychaet fauna of South Africa. Part .">. Errant species dredged off Cape coasts. .Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 45:261-:i7:i. 19(il. The polychaet fauna of South .Africa. Part (i. Sedentary species dredK'ed off Cape coasts with a few new records from the shore. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. Zool. 44:463-560. 1962. Polychaeta from several localities in the western Indian Ocean. Pi-oc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 139: 627-656. 1963a. The polychaete fauna of South Africa. Part 8: New species and records from grab samples and dredgings. Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Zool. 10:381-445. 19()3b. Polychaete fauna of South .Africa: Part 7. Species from dejiths lietween 1,000 meters west of Cape Town, .-\iiii. S. .\IV. Mus. 46:353-371. 1964. A review of the family Ampharetidae (Poly- chaeta). Ann. S. Afr. Mus. 48:97-120. i9()7. .A monograph on the Polychaeta of Southern -Africa. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). Lond.. S7S p. DAY, J. H., .1. C. FIELD, and M. P. MONTGOMERY 1971. The use of numerical methods to determine the distribution of benthic fauna across the conti- nental shelf of Nortli Carolina. .1. .\nini. Ecol. 40:93-125. EHLERS.E. 1887. Report on the annelids of the dreilging expedi- tion of the U.S. coast survey steamer "Blake." Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll. 15, 335 p. 1901. Die Polychaeten des Magellanischen und Chil- enischen Strandes. In Festschr. K. Ges. Wiss. Gottingen (Math.-Phys.). Berlin, 232 p. 1908. Die bodensassigen Anneliden aus der .Samm- lungen der deutschen Tiefsee-E.xpedition. Wiss. Ergeb. Dtsch. Tiefsee-E.xped. "Valdivia" 1898- 1899. 16:1-167. 1913. Die Polychaetensamndungen der deutschen Siidpolar-Expedition, 1901-1903. Dtsch. Sud- polar-Exped. 13:397-598. EISIG, 11. 1914. Zur Systematik, Anatomic und Morphologie der Ariciiden nebst Beitragen zur generalen Systematik. Mitt. Zool. Stn. Neapel. 21: 153-600. ELIASON.A. 1920. Biologisch-faunistische Untersuchungen aus dem Oresund. V. Polychaeta. Lunds Univ. Arsskr. N.F. (2), 16(6): 1-103. 1955. Neue oder wenig bekannte Swedische .\m- pharetiden (Polychaeta). Medd. Goteborgs Mus. . (Zool.) 126:1-17. FAUCHALD, K. 1968. Nephtyidae (Polychaetal from the Hay of Nha Trang, South Viet Nam. Scientific Results of Mai-ine Investigations of the South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. I95;i-li|(;i. XACJA. Rep. 4(3):5-33. 196;). A revision of six species of the Havus-bidentatus group of Eunice (Eunicidae: Polychaeta). Smithson. Contrib. Zool. (!, 15 p. 1970, Polychaetous annelids of the families Eunici- dae, Lumbrineridae. Iphitimidae, .-Xrabeilidae. Lysaretidae. and Dorvilleidae from Western Mexico. .Allan Hancock Monogr. .Mar. Biol. 5, 335 p. FAl'VEL, P. 1919. Annelides polychetes des lies (iambier et Toua- motou. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 25:336-343. 1923. Polychetes errantes. p^aune Fr. 5, 488 p. I!r27. Polychetes sedentaires. Addenda aux errantes, .Archiannelides, Myzostonuures. Faune Fr. 16, 494 p. 1936. Contribution a la faune des .Annelides poly- chetes du Maroc. .Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Phys. Maroc 43:1-143. 1953. .Annelida Polychaeta. In K. B. .Seymour-Sewell (editor). The fauna of India including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. India Press. Allahabad, 507 p, FOSTER, N. M. 1969. New species of sjiionids (Polychaeta) from the (Julf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea with a partial revision of the genus Pi imiospio. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 82:331-400. 1971. S|)ionidae (Polychaeta) of the tiulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Stud. Fauna Curacao Other Caribb, Isl. 36, 183 p. GEE.J. M. 1964. The Hiitish Spirorbinae (Polychaeta: Serpuli- dae) with a description of Si>iri)il)is ciinvatitt! s)). n. and a i-eview of the genus S^pirorhis. Pi-oc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 143:405-44 1. GEORGE..]. D. 1966. Repi'oduclion and eaily devi'lo|)ment of the spionid polychaete Scolecolepides viridis (Ver- rill). Biol. bull. (Woods Hole) 130:76-93. GIDHOLM.L. 1967. .A revision of .Autolytinae (Syllidae: Poly- chaeta) with special reference to Scandinavian species and with notes on external and internal reproduction and ecolog.v. .Ark. Zool. 19:157- 213. GITAY, A. 19()9. .A conti'ibution to the revision of Spioclidctop- lr}-iis (Chaetopteridae, Polychaeta). Sarsia 37:9-20. GRUBE, A, E, 1870. Beschreibung neuer oder wenig bekannten von Herrn Ehrenberg gesanimelter .Anneliden aus den Rothen Meeres. Mber. K. .Akad. Wiss Berlin 1870:484-521. 136 HARTMAN.O. 1938. The types of the polychaete worms of the families Polynoidae and Polyodontidae in the United States National Museum and the de- scription of a new Kenus. Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus.86:107-i:U. 19.39. New species of polychaetous annelids from Southern California. Allan Hancock Pac. Ex- ped. 7: 157-172. 1940. Polychaetous annelids. Part '-. Chrysojietali- dae to Goniadidae. .-Vllan Hancock Pac. Exped. 7:173-286. 1941a. Polychaetous annelids. Part 3. Some contribu- tions to the biology and life history of Spionidae from California. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. 7:289-324. 1941b. Polychaetous annelids. Pectinariidae with a review of all species from the western hemi- sphere. .Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. 7:325-34.5. 1942a. .-V review of the types of polychaetous annelids at the Peabody Museum of Natural History. Yale University. Bull. Bingham Oceanogr. Collect. Yale Univ. 8 (l):l-98. 1942b. The identity of some marine annelid worms in the United States National Museum. Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 92:101-140. 1944a. Polychaetous anneliranchidae, Paraonidae and Longosomidae. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. 15:211-392. 1959a. Catalog-ue of the polychaetous annelids of the world. Parts 1 and 2. Occas. Pap. .^llan Hancock Found. Los Angeles 23, 628 \). 1960. Systematic account of some marine inverte- brate animals from the deep basins off Southern California. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. 22: 69-215. 1961. Polychaetou.s annelids from California. Allan Hancock Pac. Exped. 25: 1-226. 1965a. Deep water benthic Polychaetous Annelids off New England to Bermuda and other North Atlantic areas. Occas. Pap. .41lan Hancock Found. Los Angeles 28: 1-378. 19«)5b. CatalogTie of the polychaetous annelids of the world. Supplement 1960-1965 and index. Occas. Pap. Allan Hancock Found. Los Angeles 23:1-197. 1968. Atlas of the Errantiate Polychaetous .Annelids from California. Allan Hancock Found., Univ. South. Calif., Los Angeles, 828 p. 1969. Atlas of the Sedentariate Polychaetous Anne- lids from California. Allan Hancock Found., I'niv. South. Calif., Los .Angeles, 812 p. HARTMANN-SCHRODER, G. 1960. Polychaeten aus deni Roten Meer. Kiel. Meeres- forsch. 16:69-125. li)62. Zweiter Beitrag zur der Polychaetenfauna von Peru. Kiel. Meeresforsch. 18:109-147. 196:;. Revision der Gattung M!jsfliiii/titi(lts Czer- niavsky und mit Beschreibungen zweier neuer Arten aus deni Mittelmeer und einer neuen Art aus Chile. Zool. Anz.. 17 (5/S): 204-243. HESSLE.C. 1917. Zur Kenntniss der tereijellomori)hen Poly- chaeten. Zool. Bidr. U]ij)s. 5:39-258. HOBSON, K. D. 1971. Some iiolychaetes of the superfamily Eunicea from the North Pacific and North .Atlantic oceans. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 83:527-544. HOLMQUIST.C. 1967. M' Welister. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 78: 127-1311. liMUi. Revision of the Pilargidae (Annelida Pi)ly- chaeta) including- descriptions of new species and a redescription of the pelagic P(nliiiiiiii>i ploa Chamberlin (Polynoidae). Proc. U.S. Natl. Mus. 118:1.55-207. l;tG!l. Review of some species referred to SculisctaKiis Mcintosh. (Polychaeta. Polynoidaet. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.82:l-2i). I!t70a. Revision of some species referred to Lcaiiini Kinbeig (Polychaeta: Sigalionidae). Smith- son. Contrib. Zool. 53, 25 p. Il.i70b. Polychaeta Errantia of the Siboga-E.xiieilition. Part IV: Some additional polychaetes of the Polynoidae, Hesionidae, Nereidae. Goniadidae, Eunicidae and Onuphidae. selected as new species by the late Dr. Hermann .^ugener with remarks on related species. Siboga-Expeditie 147, Monogr. 24, Id, 72 p. 11(71. Revision of some species referred to Lepto- nereis, Nicon, and Laeonereis (Polychaeta: Nereidae) Smithson. Contrib. Zool. 104, 53 p. PIXELI litLS. POTTS, 1909. 1914. RENAU 1956. REISH 1959. RIOJA,: 1946. . H. L. M. Polychaeta of the Indian Ocean, together with some species from the Cape Ver