t I ^^^1^0:^4^ ^ *^^^ ?'.^V V- T--f^- yir^ .J-- 1 ^'"'V ^*l& ■^ V i3aoltscllns ^' 28 Essex St LONDON ^\^, '3 >< M-J'^PL f iv-^ r / > ^ ^ t// M, Cmiff, ;r/v- „ o^ ^^ /!V- ^T, i .•// {•-i. >■''•. 12. GENISTA TRIQUETUA. Triangular Genista. DiADELi'HIA. DeCANDRIA. Class 17. Order 4. Genista: from genu, the kneej either because it is flexible, or be- cause it is supposed to relieve pains in that joint. Linn. gen. n. 859. ^U. Hort. Kew. 3. 14. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth one-leafed, small, tubular, two-lipped j upper lip two- toothed, more deeply divided j lower, three- toothed, nearly equal. Cor. papilionaceous. Banner oblong, remote from the keel, the whole reflex. Wings oblong, loose, shorter than the others. Keel straight, emarginate, longer than the banner. Stam. Filaments ten, connate, emerging from the keel. Anthers simple. Pist. Germ oblong. Style simple, rising. Stigma sharp, rolled in. Per. Legume roundish, turgid, one-celled, two-valved. Seeds soli- tary, usually kidney-form. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves ternate, the upper ones simple. Branches three-sided, pro- cumbent. Branches flexuose, green, trailing on the ground. Leaves trifid, ovate, concave. Flowers in clusters, on short pedicels ; corolla papilionaceous; petals bright-yellow; calyx green. Pericarpium oblong, one-celled. Seeds several, roundish, compressed. This showy evergreen trailing shrub flowers in great pro- fusion over the whole plant, producing a complete mass of yellow flowers during the months of May and June. In the shrubbery this plant becomes a conspicuous figure : its long and pliant branches in their natural position trailing along the ground, form an excellent fore-ground to more lofty shrubs; and if supported by stakes will materially enrich the body of the shrubbery itself. Other species of this genus, such as G. sagittalis, G. pilosa, G. anglica, and G. procum- bens, though of the same habit of growth with the triquetral but smaller and more delicate both in their nature and appear- ance, will not flourish when tied to a stake, and will there- fore add to the beauty of the front of the shrubbery alone. The triquetra wiU grow luxuriantly in light garden mould, and will at times perfect its seeds ; but may very readily be propagated by laying, which process should be performed early in April. It is a native of Spain, France, and Italy ; was introduced in 1748. REFERENCE TO THE PLATE. Calyx, stamens and pistil, magnified. /J. Drawn t Enp': Zo?tAm,fudlcshed iry STrutA, Eid, ''!■*; .ZirA: Cfes.CcrnAM. Oci^ISSd. 13. P.EONIA MOUTAN. Shrubby Pceony. POLYANDRIA^ DiGYNIA. Class 13. Order 2. GENERIC CHARACTER. (Vide Paonia officinalis rubra. PI, 11.) SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Stem woody, perennial. Leaflets oblong, ovate, glaucous, and some- what hairy beneath ; the terminal one three-lobed. Germens nu- merous, distinct. Branches shrubby and numerous, forming a handsome bush of the height of from six to ten feet. Leaves on long stalks, alternate, spreading, and deciduous; leaflets ternate in an opposite direction, lobed, veined, and glaucous underneath; the terminal leaflets three-lobed. Leaf-buds scaly, of a fine pink colour. Flowers terminating the branches, solitary, from five to eight or even ten inches in diameter, always double, composed of many jagged rose-coloured petals : the stamens appear partially in the centre of the flower ; anthers yellow ; germs uncertain in their appearance. The flower possesses a rather sickly odour. Among the Chinese, a doubt exists concerning the origin of this magnificent shrub : some writers suppose it to have been obtained from the common Paeony by a particular process of culture ; others affirm, with more probability, that it was dis- covered growing in the mountains of Northern China ; that after its introduction into the southern provinces it became a general favourite among the florists, and that numerous va- rieties were consequently raised. So much prized were some of these, that they sold in China for a hundred ounces of gold. It is very generally cultivated, and flourishes in the province of Lo-Yang. In England there are but two species of the shrubby Paeony, — that which is here figured and P.papavera- cea, which has a large single flower, and was introduced by Sir Abraham Hume. Of P. Moutan a variety has been ob- tained which is named P. Moutan rosea: it differs in the flowers, which are of a somewhat darker red. Notwithstand- ing the exertions of many botanists who have sent collectors to China, numerous varieties of this beautiful shrub have not yet been obtained. These varieties are frequently depicted by the Chinese in various ornamental branches of art, as double flowers in the different colours of pink, purple, crimson, yellow, and white ; but the jealousy which the Chinese have ever en- tertained towards the English, and indeed towards foreigners generally, has hitherto frustrated the arduous exertions of botanists to obtain these splendid ornaments. The cunning and duplicity of the Chinese are such, that many specimens which have been imported as new, have proved on flowering to be such only as were already possessed by this country. There ai'e, however, some imported plants of this shrub having the ap- pearance of novelty now in the possession of the Horticultural Society, who have with much zeal endeavoured to obtain some of the valuable incognita of that country. The Mouta7i may truly be accounted one of the most ornamental shrubs in our gardens : it is sufficiently hardy to stand the winters of this country. The spring of the year, when it puts forth its shoots, is the time it is susceptible of injury from the Aveather, when the covering of a mat at night will be found a sufficient guard. The flowers, which appear during the months of May and June, give splendour to the shrub, not only by their indi- vidual beauty, but by their great profusion. This shrub thrives best in a situation somewhat sheltered, and in earth composed of a rich loam, rotten leaves, and a small portion of sand. It is propagated by laying, early in the spring ; and in the autumn of the following year the layers may be taken off" and potted. If these have a little protection by frames during the succeeding winter, and are kept one year in pots, they will become fine established plants, and may with safety be planted in the shrubbery or pleasure-ground. This plant was introduced by the late Sir Joseph 13anks in 1794. Fl. /4. Z>rxtm kSriff raved l>y W, Cla.rk Zmdmi.Poiiii>he4f io' Sfncik./ddfri; C? SS. CamAO^. OaTiSZi 14. LINUM NARBONENSE. Narbonne Flax. Pentandrta. Pentagynia. Class 5. Order 5. LiNUM (Aivov of Dioscorides, Theophrastus, and other Greek au- thors) appears to be derived from Xivstv, to hold; the fibres of this plant being so remarkable for their tenacity. Linn. gen. n. 389. Linn. spec. 398. Linn. syst. 302. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth five-leaved, lanceolate, upright, small, permanent. Cor. funnel-form. Petals five, oblong, gradually wider above, obtuse, Stam. Filaments five, awl-shaped, upright, length of the calyx. Anthers simple, arrowed. Pist. Germ ovate. Styles five, filiform, upright, length of the stamens. Stigmas simple, reflex. Per. Cap- sule globose, rudely pentagonal, ten-valved, gaping at the tip. Partitions membranaceous, very thin, connecting the valves. Seeds solitary, ovate-flattish, acuminated, smooth. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Calyxes acuminate. Leaves lanceolate, stiff, rugged, acuminate. Stem round, branched at the base. Filaments connate. Stem from a foot to eighteen inches in height, branching out almost to the bottom with many long slender branches. Flowers at the extremity of the branches of a fine blue colour. The seed-vessels are small; calyxes large, lanceolate, membra- naceous at the sides, most exquisitely acuminate at the top, and having a sort of awl-shaped dagger-point. The root is perennial. Some of the species of this genus are in the highest estima- tion for their utility, from the herbage being applied to the manufacture of linen cloth, while the seeds afford a valuable oil. The Narbonensei though too small and delicate to afford either of these necessaries to mankind, may nevertheless claim some share of esteem as an ornamental herbaceous plant ; no Other of the genus can be considered to surpass it for bril- liancy of colour : the bright and lively blue of the flowers, added to the succession of blooms it produces, renders it worthy of being intermixed in the herbaceous border with other deh- Gate plants of the same height of growth. It is slender in habit, will thrive extremely well in light garden mould, and is readily propagated by seeds or by cuttings. It was intro- duced into this country in 1759. The figure here represented was drawn from a specimen flowering in the herbaceous border at Mr. Knight's Exotic Nursery, King's Road, Chelsea. BEFEKENCES TO THE PLATE. i . Showing the stamens enveloping the germ. 2. The pistils exposed. *^* Since the publication of Rhododendron arhoreum, Plate 7, we have been informed that a plant of this species flowered in July last in the conservatory of M. Boursault, Rue-blanc, Paris^ and was there supposed to have been the first which had flowered in Europe. rrm\\, 15. GLADIOLUS CARDINALIS. Superb Corn Flag. Triandria. Monogynia. Class 3. Order 1. Gladiolus, mentioned by Pliny j supposed to have derived this name from gladius, a sword, aUuding to the shape of the leaf. Linn. gen. n. 57. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. a spathe, two-valved, inferior, shorter than the corolla ; valves oblong, permanent ; the outer one larger, inclosing the inner. Cor. one-petaled, superior ; tube cylindric, bent ; border somewhat bell -shaped, six-parted ; segments oblong, form erect-patulous, the uppermost and lowest lateral, either without or within. Stam. Filaments three, inserted into the orifice of the tube, filifoiin, shorter than the corolla. Anthers ovate, incumbent. Pist. Germ inferior, triangular. Style filiform. Stigmas three, rolled back and spreading, blunt, villose. Per. Capsule ovate, three-cornered, blunt, three-celled, three-valved. Seeds very many, smooth. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves sword-shaped, many-nerved. Flowers all directed the same way, many on a stem. Corolla upright, with a bell-shaped border. Root solid, round, covered with a brown membrane. Stem round, about two feet in height ; leaves embracing the stem at bottom ; flowers on the extremity of the stem on one side of it, in great numbers, of a fine scarlet, with a large white spot on each of the three upper segments of the petal : spathe green, enveloping the flower before it opens, and remaining after the flower has withered. The beauties of this species cannot be surpassed by any in the genus; and from the root being hardy, it is rendered still more desirable. It was until lately in the possession of such only as could protect it in a greenhouse. This, as well as many other bulbous roots, natives of the Cape of Good Hope, have been proved to endure the winter of this country, and thrive extremely well, by the treatment adopted by the Hon. and Rev. Wm. Herbert at Spofforth. The method of pre- serving the roots is to plant them in a dry south border of light open and sandy earth, and in the winter to protect them with a covering of leaves. They should be planted early in the spring, that the bulbs may mature themselves in the spot where they are to pass the winter : it is very essential that the roots be well ripeiied. With these precautions there is little fear of their succeeding. Where the roots are well established, they will produce stems from two to three feet in height with a profusion of flowers, which, from the opposition of scarlet and white, become truly interesting, and vie in splendour with any of the bulbous tribe. " The passing Indian turns the admiring eye, Smit by the glories of her crimson dye." This plant is readily increased by the roots, the separating of which should be done early in the spring ; and it is better that the roots should remain in the border during the winter, provided it be tolerably dry, rather than be taken up. It was introduced from the Cape of Good Hope in 1 790. This figure was taken from a bed of luxuriant bulbs of this plant at Messrs. Whitley, Brames, and Milne's Nursery, Fulham. REFERENCE TO THE PLATE. Section showing the position of the stamens and pistil. Z'r-iii/! HrEn^rmd fy TV, Clark . 7=., /!/,..*„,/ U., O^.r-A n-/.-/,-^ t^ro /fK nifnJt.'// .Or/": J,K IG. PHLOX CARNEA. Pale Lychnidea. Pentandria. Monogynia. Class 5. Order 1, FiiLOx. 4>Ao^ of Theophrastus, meaning ajlame; supposed to be so named from the brightness of the flowers of some of the species. Dodonseus supposed that ntwn tEn^ravtd by W, Clark. L.mdcn.I'idlMedh' 3.B,WAttMcer.Av/MerTls9A 23. DAPHNE CNEORUM. Trailing Daphne. OCTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Class 8. Order 1. Daphne. Aa^vij of Theophrastus and Dioscorides, after the nymph Daphne, in allusion to her metamorphosis into a laurel ; from some of this genus bearing a resemblance to the laurel. Linn, gen, 71.485. Linn. spec. 5\ I. Linn. sijst.Z7\. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. none. Cor. one-petaled, funnel- form, withering, including the stamens. Tube cylindric, imperforate, longer than the border. Border four-cleft ; divisions ovate, acute, flat, spreading. Stam. Filaments eight, short, inserted into the tube ; the alternate ones lower. Anthers roundish, erect, two-celled. Pist. Germ ovate. Style very short. Stigma headed, depressed, flat. Per. Berry roundish, one-celled. Seed single, roundish, fleshy. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Flowers in bunches, sessile. Leaves lanceolate, naked, mucronate. Stems slender, branched. Leaves narrow, lanceolate, irregu- larly disposed. The branches are terminated by small clusters of pink flowers. The tube of the corolla long and narrow. The leaves are sometimes acute, sometimes obtuse and emai'- ginate. To any part of the flower-garden or pleasure-ground the Daphne Cneorum will add grace. This shrub, together with a variety that has been obtained possessing variegated leaves, are well suited for decorating rock-work, their natural prostrate disposition being in true accordance with such a situation : indeed, the very pleasing effect and the excellent relief pro- duced by the judicious introduction of rock-work have been the means of raising many small plants from obscurity. How- ever correct this remark may be, it is not so applicable to the D. Cneorum as to many other dwarf plants ; for the delicacy of its growth, the fragrance of the flowers, and the modesty of the height to which this interesting shrub attains, adapt it more particularly for ornamenting the front of flower-beds. It flowers during the month of May, producing a profusion of pink flowers in clusters : it will also frequently flower a second time during the autumn, but neither so profuse nor so luxu- riant as in the spring. This shrub does not perfect its seeds in this country, but is readily propagated by laying performed in the spring. It grows well in peat earth, or in a mixture of peat and loam. It is a native of the Alps of Europe, and was introduced in 1739. REFERENCE TO THE PLATE. Corolla magnified and expanded, showing the insertion of the stamens in the throat. ri. 2/^. Drawn irSnijravfd fy W, C/aTfr. LandiPi.I'u.AiLsAed. jy ^,£,if/uiiaA-er,AveJiariaLa.}ie,lJec 24. LILIUM CONCOLOR. One-coloured Lily. Hexandria. Monogynia. Class 6. Order 1. LiLiUM of Pliny and other Latin authors. This name is rather of ob- scure origin : some deduce it from the Greek Xsipiov, a lily, derived from Xsios, smooth, not rough, also handsome, because the plant is conspicuous for the beauty of its flowers. It has moreover been called Kfivov, from x/ji|xvov, dust or pollen, because the flovi^ers seem in general to be sprinkled with a powdery substance, from the abundance of their pollen. Linn, gen, n. 410, GENERIC CHARACTER. Cat. none. Cot. six-petaled, bell-shaped, narrowed beneath. Petals upright, incumbent, obtusely carinated on the back, gradually more expanding, wider ; with thick, reflex, obtuse tips. (Nectary : a lon- gitudinal line, engraven on each petal from the base to the middle.) Stam. Filaments six, awl-shaped, upright, shorter than the corolla. Anthers oblong, incumbent. Pist. Germ oblong, cylindric, striated with six furrows. Style cylindric, length of the corolla. Stigma thickish, triangular. Per. Capsule oblong, six-furrowed, with a three-cornered, hollow, obtuse tip ; three-celled, three-valved ; the valves connected by hairs disposed in a cancellated manner. Seeds numerous, incumbent in a twin order, flat, outwardly semi-orbi- cular. SPECIFIC character. Leaves scattered, linear. Flowers upright j corolla bending down- wards. Root bulbous. Stem about two feet in height, terminated with two or three scarlet flowers. Leaves alternate, deep green, paler underneath, hnear-lanceolate, and smooth ; to- wards the top of the stem somewhat verticillate. Petals six, bright scarlet. Filaments red. Anthers scarlet, large, and incumbent. Pollen scarlet. This bright scarlet flower was introduced from China in 1804, and although increased with facility has not yet be- come common in our gardens ; but its beauty and free dispo- sition to flower doubtless render it worthy of general cultiva- tion. It possesses attractions more pleasing and interesting than many others of this family, though less conspicuous or gaudy : it appears unassuming and modest near those species which are of a more luxuriant habit of growth, while the bril- liancy of its colour will cause it to shine in contrast to many delicate and dwarf herbaceous plants. It grows to the height of three or four feet, and when planted in light sandy earth will flower freely in the month of July, adding materially to the splendour of the flower-bed. It is increased by offsets from the roots, which, if taken off in October and bedded, will produce flowers the second year. This figure was drawn from a specimen which flowered in a pot at the nursery of Mr. Brooks, Ball's Pond, Islington. I>ravm ScEn^raved i\ W.aark. Laruion.Pu6iu/ud fy e.B.JirAiSaA:er.AvemnaZam.Jan!'jS2S 25. SYMPHOllIA llACEMOSA. Snow-beny St. Peter's Wort. rENTANURIA. MoNOGYNIA. Class 5. Order 1. SvMpnORiA, formerly caWed Symphoricarpos; from Tv^fopiuj, to cluster or accumulate, and Kapifos, fruit. Persoon Si/n. I. p. 214. Bot. Mag. 2211. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cat. Perianth superior, five-parted. Cor. campanulate ; limb five- cleft, obtuse ; fnu\ filled with hairs, below which the tube abounds with honey. Slam, five, inserted at the upper part of the tube, shorter than the corolla. Pist. Germ ovate, with two or three small bracteas applied close to its base. Style filiform, length of the corolla. Stigma obtuse. Per. Berry two-celled. Seeds one in each cell, kidney-shaped, compressed. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Irregularly branched, terminated by corollas bearded within. A LOW bushy shrub ; bark of the branches brightish-brown. Leaves opposite, round, ovate, with a mucro ; mostly quite entire, but on the lower part of the shrub sometimes irregu- larly notched, smooth, glaucous. Flowers grow on the slender terminal branches in pairs, at first distant, but towards the extremities crowded together, supported on very short pedi- cles; sometunes the branches become iealy beyontl the flowers. The delicate appearance of this little shrub might induce the observer to suppose that its habit of growth was equally delicate. It is, however, a hardy shrub, and may be recom- mended not merely for this propert}', however desirable, but for the beautiful tints with which it is adorned in every part : the rich brown shining stem, furnished with dark-green leaves, yielding an excellent relief to the beautiful bunches of little pink flowers, and to the more massy groups of white berries, which thickly beset this interesting shrub, " where fruits and blossoms blush In social sweetness on the self-same bough/* from the early part of July until the end of October, produce a pleasing variety and contrast rarely to be seen in any other individual plant. No greater proof can be given of the delight excited by this little shrub in the lovers of plants, than that it is cultivated generally in the nurseries, and that although in- troduced so recently as 1817, it already adorns every collec- tion where beauty is made a prominent feature. About the banks of the Missouri this elegant plant is found growing in abundance. It may be raised from seeds in this country ; but the more preferable and expeditious mode of increasing will be by laying : the layers should be put down in a somewhat sandy earth about the beginning of April ; and when sepa- rated from the original plant in the following spring, they may be planted in the common shrubbery borders, provided the earth be not too stiff. The specimen for this figure was from Messrs. Buckingham and Chandler's Nursery, Vauxhall. REFERENCE TO THE PLATE. Magnified section of the corolla, germ^ and calyx. Tl.20. Drawn kSngravtd fy W, Clark . 26. SPIGELIA MAHILANDICA, Perennial Worm-grass, Pentandria. Monogynia. Class 5. Order 1. SpiGELiA : so named by Linnaeus in memory of Adrian Spigelius, professor of anatomy and surgery at Padua. Linn. gen. n. 209. Linn, sijst. 197. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth one-leafed, five-parted, acuminate, small, permanent. Cor. one-petaled, funnel-shaped ; tube much longer than the calyx, narrowed below ; border spreading, five-cleft ; segments wide, acuminate. Stam. Filaments five, simple. Anthers simple. Pist. Germ composed of two globes, superior. Style one, awl-shaped, length of the tube. Stigma simple. Per. Capsule twin, two- celled, four-valved. Seeds numerous, very small. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Slem four-cornered, all the leaves opposite. Herbaceou.s perennial root, producing two or three erect stems, about nine inches in height, with three or four pairs of acute-pointed leaves, placed opposite, seated close to the stalk, smooth, entire, and having several veins diverging from the midrib. The stem is terminated by a short spike of flowers ranged on one side of the footstalk. Calyx short, cut into five acute segments. The outside of the flower is of a deep crimson, and the inside of a pink, with the five segments of the corolla of a yellow colour. Stem simple, rugged, qua- drano-ular, rigid, annual. Leaves opposite, sessile, ovate-lan- ceolate, entire, smooth, spreading. Spike generally solitary, with small opposite bracteas. Of the genus Spigelia only two species are cultivated in this country. The plant here figured is the more interesting : its spikes of rich scarlet flowers add great beauty to the garden durino- the months of June and July. The roots of this her- baceous perennial are sold for medicinal purposes under the names Worm-grass or Pink-root ; and Woodville's Medical Botany mentions this species of Spigelia as a very efficient vermifuge. This plant is somewhat delicate, and will not ripen its seeds in this country ; the only mode of propagatfon is by separating the roots, and this process is rather slow: it is not therefore probable that this showy flower will ever appear very common in our gardens. It is a native of Virginia, Maryland, and Carolina, where it is called Indian Pink. It was introduced into tills country in 1694-. The drawing of this figure was made from a speci- men flowering in the gardens of Sion House, the seat of His Grace the Duke of Northumberland. REFERENCE TO THE PLATE. Corolla cut open, showing the position of the stamens and pistil, also where the germ is attached to the calyx. Ft. 2'. Drawn tcSnyrayed, by W, Clarh . 27. HELIANTHUS ATRORUBENS. Shagreen-leaved Sunflower. Syngenesta. Polygamia Frustranea. Class 19. Orders. Helianthus : from 'HA105, tlic Sun, and ccv^os, ajluwer. Linn. gen. 71.979. Linn. spec. 1279. Ilort. Kew. 5. 129. GENERIC CHAB.\CTER. Cal. common, imbricate, somewhat squarrose, expanded ; scales ob- long, broadish at the base. Cor. compound radiate j corollets her- maphrodite, very numerous in the disk : females fewer, much longer in the rav. Stam. in the hermaphrodites : filaments five, curved, inserted below the belly of the corollet, the length of the tube. Anther cylindric, tubular. Pisf. in the hermaphrodites : germ oblong 3 style filiform, length of the corollet 5 stigma two- parted, reflex : in the females, germ very small ; style and stigma none. Per. none. Calyx unchanged. Seeds in the hermaphro- dites solitary, oblong, blunt, four-cornered, compressed at the op- posite angles ; the inner ones narrower, crowned with two lan- ceolate, acute, deciduous chaffs : in the females none, Rccept. chaffy, large, flat ; chaffs lanceolate, acute, two separating each seed, deciduous. SPECIFIC CIIAUACTER. Leaves opposite, spatulate, crenate, triple-nerved, scabrous ; calycine scales erect, the length of the disk. Steim from two to three feet in height, round, dusky, pin-ple, rough, with numerous small hairs. Root-leaves Hat, hairy. smaller than those on the stem, whicli are twisted and waved, especially towards the end, rough and hairy. The disk ot the flower dark-red; flosculcs in the ray, yellow, marked w4th a few lines, pointed and entire. The coarse and vulgar appearance, together with the strong growth of some of the Sunflower family, have long excluded them from ornamental flower-beds ; but the species here figured possesses beauties which its brethren cannot equal. Its habit of growth is more delicate and graceful than that of many others in the Helianthus genus ; the stems rise to the height of three feet, supporting solitary yellow flowers, with dark-red or brown disks. In the herbaceous border it is generally admitted, where its large flowers and leaves will in- crease at least in appearance the delicacy of the smaller and more tender plants. Darwin, alluding to the peculiar pro- perty of the Helianthus genus, thus expresses himself: " Great Helianthus guides o'er twilight plains In gay solemnity his dervise-trains ; With zealous step he climbs the upland lawn. And bows in homage to the rising dawn ; Imbibes with eagle eye the golden ray, And watches, as it moves, the orb of day." This species is frequently, though erroneously, named Heli- anthus glauca or Pascalia Virginica, It is a native of Carolina, was found growing plentifully in Upper Louisiana by Mr. Nuttall, and has been seen in Penn- sylvania and Virginia. It was introduced into this country in 1732, and is to be increased by separating the roots : the seeds will not come to perfection in this country, although the plant will grow and flower freely from July till October in light garden mould. This specimen was figured from Messrs. Buck- ingham and Chandler's, Vauxhall. RKFKRKNCKS TO THE PLATK. 1. Floret unopened, magnified. 2. Floret expanded, showing the stamens and pistil. :. IS. Drawn irEn^raved fy W, Clark. 28. FUMARIA EXIMIA. Choice Fumitory. DiADELPIIIA. HeXANDRIA. Class 17. Order 2. FuMARiA : from fuDius, smoke, because this herb effects the eyes like smoke ; hence also its Greek name Kaifyog. Bot. Reg. 50. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth inferior, of two equal, small leaves, mostly deciduous, often coloured. Cur. tubular, ringent, of two petals, each lobed and spreading at the extremity, gibbous, and holding honey at the base, variously formed in different species. Stam. Filaments six, capillary, united into two sets by their broad, elongated, membra- nous bases, sheathing the germen. Anthers small, roundish, ver- tical. Pist. Germen roundish or oblong. Style curved or oblique. Stigma obtuse. Per. Pod of two valves and one cell. Seeds one or more, roundish. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves triternate. Stevi erect, naked. Perennial root, which produces several stems about a foot and a half in height, terminated with numerous pink flowers at the extremity, which come out on short peduncles. Leaves of a blue green on the upper surface, of a paler green under- neath ; they are on long stalks, springing from the base, and surrounding the flower-stalk. The leaves of this graceful little plant form a handsome cluster close to the ground ; while the flower-spikes, which rise to the height of about eighteen inches, are plentifully adorned with blooms during the months of May and June. The hand- some style of growth renders this plant truly serviceable and a great favourite either for borders of flower-beds or for tufts; the latter of which become compact and very ornamental when the plant is well established. The seeds rarely come to per- fection in this country ; but by separating the roots in the spring the plant is easily increased. Light garden mould suits the natui'e of this herbaceous perennial. It was introduced in 1812 from North America. This interesting genus of plants has been divided into two other genera, Q/sticapjios and Corydalis, among which latter is included the plant here figured. The old name is however here retained, as that by which the plant is better known. Some of the species of this genus are noticed in the Phar- macopoeias. The Fumaria officinalis, or Common Fumitory, is used in cutaneous diseases, but no mention is made of the present species as being in any degree serviceable in the Ma- teria Medica. RtFERENCE TO THE PLATE. Stamens and pistil magnified. n. 20. Dra-xn tJSnfrmfd (y W. CfarM . iMi^&n.faiUsfuji 6y &.B.W7uliaker,AveM2ruiLav£,Fei.IiJ<}sfi . 30. AZALEA NUDIFLORA /3 COCCINEA. Scarlet Azalea. Pentandria. Monogynia. Class 5, Order 1. Li7m. gen. n.2\2. Linn. spec. 214. Persoon Syn. 1. p. 212. GENERIC CHARACTER. WAe Azalea pontica. PI. 1/. SPECIFIC character. Leaves ovate. Corollas hairy. Stamens very long. Stem branched. Leaves oblong, smooth, alternate, petioled. The peduncles are axillary, long and naked, supporting a cluster of red flowers, which are tubulous, swelling at their base like those of the Hyacinth, and contracted at their neck ; divided at top into five equal segments, spreading open. The stamens and style project beyond the corolla and stand erect. Although one of the species of this family of shrubs has al- ready appeared in this publication, yet the beautiful and in- teresting variety of them will be sufficient to justify the early representation of another of the genus. Intermixed with the Rhododendron, Kalmai, Ledum, &c., these shrubs appear to the greatest advantage; the diversity of their foliage and bloom. and the continued succession of flowers, present the most lively and handsome assemblage that plants ai-e capable of pro- ducing : added to which, as these shrubs (denominated Ame- rican shrubs) sustain their leaves during the winter, they are ■well calculated when planted in groups to add a great de- gree of cheerfulness to the pleasure-ground and arboretum, in that dreary season when little verdure is otherwise to be ex- pected. Notwithstanding the many excellent properties and powerful attractions of the Azalea tribe, they will, like the rest of the American shrubs, be most probably ever limited in their cultivation ; the peculiar peat-soil in which they thrive will however be obtained by those who delight in a good collection of ornamental shrubs. As these species rarely produce seed, the propagation must be effected by laying. The beginning of April is the proper season for commencing this operation. The present shrub was introduced into this country in 1729. It is in its greatest splendour during the month of May. It is a native of Swit- zerland, where it grows in great profusion among the moun- tains; and the smallest portion of earth is found sufficient to yield it sustenance. n. 3/. Xn-awn icE'r^raved fy Jf.Cla.rfc . T.im/f/m P//J>//shg// M' T.mi/Tmmi K^/"" P.y/Tn^nervr-ffmii ■*>/' 31. (ENOTHERA MISSOURENSIS. Large-fruited Qj^nothera. OCTANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Class 8. Order 1. CEnotheba : from OjvoSijctj or 0(vo9ijpa; of Theophrastus. Linn. gen. n. 469. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth one-leafed, superior, deciduous : tube cylindrical, erect, long, deciduous : border four-cleft ; the segments oblong, acute, bent down. Cor. Petals four, obcordate, flat, inserted into the in- terstices of the calyx. Stam. Filaments eight, awl-shaped, curved inwards, inserted into the throat of the calyx, shorter than the co- rolla. Anthers oblong, incumbent. Pist. Germ cylindrical, inferior. Style filiform, the length of the stamens. Stigma four-cleft, thick, blunt, reflex. Pei-. Capsule cylindrical, four-cornered, four-celled, four-valved, with contrary partitions. Seeds very many, angular, naked. Receptacle columnar, four-cornered : with the angles con- tiguous to the margin of the partitions. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves lanceolate, veined. Petals serrated. Capsule elliptic, angular. Stems branched, prostrate, and of a line purple ; the leaves are seated close on the stem : the flowers appear at each joint ; the petals are supported on a long tube somewhat re- sembling longijlora ; calyx spotted ; the capsules are seated close to the leaves. This interesting dwarf plant has been described as a bien- nial ; and though it will be found tolive and flower for more than two years, yet its existence is but of short duration ; it would therefore better support the appellation of a short-lived perennial. The present plant and the CE. macrocm-pa have been imagined by some persons to be the same ; the flowers of both are similar in appearance and colour, but the strag- gling habit of growth and the narrowness of the leaves of the missourensis will mark a sufficient distinction. During the months of July and August the prostrate branches of the mis- S02ire7isis are abundantly decorated by very numerous and lux- uriant yellow flowers, which become trul}-^ conspicuous from their size, and particularly so from their being produced on a plant of such humble growth. By intermixing this species with the CE. caspitosa (a plant similar in its habit of growth, but bearing a white flower) a pleasing and beautiful group for ornamenting small beds on a lawn or in a flower-garden may be obtained. The careless mixture of the blooms appearing above the dark green leaves, through which the elegantly twining purple stem is casually seen, produces a beauty that every lover of the flower-garden must view with admiration. The rock-work of a garden will also receive a considerable additional charm by a judicious decoration with these elegant little traihng plants. These species of (Enotlicra require an earth tolerably rich : mellow loam, rotten manure, and decay- ed leaves will form a good composition. As there is no cer- tainty of raising a supply by separating the roots, it is advisa- ble to increase these plants by cuttings, which if planted in an earth somewhat sandy, placed under a hand-glass, and partially shaded, will readily strike : they should be kept in pots under the protection of a frame during the first winter, after which they will thrive well in the open border. This species was discovered by Mr. Nuttall growing freely near the banks of the Missouri, from whence it takes its name: it was introduced in 1811. This figure was taken from a specimen flowering at Messrs. Whitley, Brames, and Milne's Nursery, Fulham. Z>rawn L-Ey^raved, fy W, Clark. J^'-7iu^r^,J'^:^US/u^ Cy Lo^i^fti^/i4cCl M.-Utnio^Urlt^nt/ .Sed,^ id^W 32. SCHIZANTHUS PORRIGENS. Spreading Schizanthus. DiANDRIA. MONOGYNIA. Class 2. Order 1. Schizanthus : from rTy(jX,ra>m &:Enjraved Iry W, ClaTh. /'.,m/i/m. 7'/jJ>Ljhi>.'/. "Whrrh /.toe fnr T/myrm^m t- /^ T'/tTTir-njtr^jr 7f,-- 33. POTENTILLA NEPALENSIS. Nepal CInquefoil. ICOSANDRIA. POLYGYNIA. Class 12. Orders. PoTENTiLLA : from potentia, on account of the root being powerfully astringent. Linn. gen. n. 634. Hookers Fl. Ex. 88. Don's Pro. Fl. Nep. p. 233. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth one-leafed, flattish, ten-cleft: the alternate segments smaller, reflex. Cor. Petals five, roundish, spreading, inserted by their claws into the calyx. Stnni. Filaments twenty, awl-shaped, shorter than the corolla, inserted into the calyx. Anthers elongate. Pist. Germs numerous, very small, collected into a head. Styles filiform, the length of the stamens, inserted into the side of the germ. Stigmas obtuse. Per. none. Recept. roundish, small, permanent, covered with seeds, inclosed within the calyx. Seeds numerous, acuminate, wrinkled. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Stem erect, hairy, many-flowered. Leaves pinnate, hairy. Stem about a foot in height, hairy ; at the extremity branch- ing with flower-stalks. Flowers of a beautiful transparent bright red. The radical leaves long, quinate, hairy. Leaflets ovate- lanceolate, regularly serrated. The stem-leaves ternate, and smaller than the others. Stipules situated at the footstalk of the leaves, ovate, large, green. The introduction of this truly elegant species of Potentilla was by means of seeds received by Dr. Graham from Nepal, whence they had been transmitted by Dr. Wallich. It flow- ered in the Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in July 1823; since which time it has become circulated among manv botanical collections, and it will doubtless hold a prominent situation in every bed of herbaceous plants where beauty and elegance guide the selection : in short, by all lovers of delicate and se- lect flowers it requires only to be seen to become cultivated and admired. It will assimilate with the more choice and low- growing herbaceous plants, either in the border or on orna- mental rock-work ; the succession of its beautiful red flowers, supported on stems about a foot in height, which appear during the months of July and August, adds considerably to its claims. As this plant perfects its seeds in this country, no obstacle is in the way of its being generally cultivated. It thrives well in peat earth, or a composition of decayed leaves and peat. This specimen was figured from Messrs. Whitley, Brames, and Milne's Nursery, Fulham, where it flowered very pro- fusely in the American beds during the summer of 1825. REFKRENCES TO THE PLATE. 1 . Part of the calyx magnified, showing the insertion of the stamens. 2. Pistils, with one stamen attached. To . 34- . J)rawn, IcHn^ravf.d iy W. CiarK. 34. LILIUM POMPONIUM. Pomponian Lily. Hexandria. Monogynia. Class 6. Older 1. Linn. spec. 434. GENERIC CHARACTER. Vide Lilium concolor. PI. 24. SPECIFIC character. Leaves scattered, awl-shaped. Flowers turned down. Corollas rolled back. Root large, yellow, scaly, from which arises an upright stalk about three feet in height, furnished from the base to nearly the top with long narrow leaves having a longitudinal ridge on their under side : they are of a deep green, and terminate in acute points. The peduncle supports from five to nine flowers, each on a short pedicel. The flowers are yellow, with irregular-formed yellow spots almost approaching to lines; they hang down, and the petals are rolled back. The genus Lilium contains many ornamental species re- markable for the great diversity of their colours. The present species, though possessing neither the multiplicity of thits nor the loftiness of some of the species, is nevertheless graceful, and in height of growth is more desirable as a companion for the generality of herbaceous plants which decorate the flower- bed. It rises to the height of about eighteen inches : the stem from the ground upwards is decorated with closely set leaves ranged with the nicest precision, and is terminated by a cluster of gracefully pendent yellow flowers, in number from six to ten, which are seen in perfection during May and June. There are other species of Lilies which may well be grouped with the present figure, from their being somewhat similar in height of growth but different in colour : of these there are Lilium martagon and Lilium chalcedonicum, with their varieties. The root is bulbous, and is readily increased by offsets, which may be planted where they are to remain, as they frequently flower the first year after being taken offl The separating and planting these bulbs should be performed about the middle of March. They will be found to thrive in light garden mould with a small portion of sand. This bulb is a native of the Pyrenees, and was introduced in 1620. This figure was drawn from a specimen which flowered at Messrs. Buckingham and Chandler's Nursery, Vauxhall. Tl. 3S. Synzivn, ScSnmaved ly W, ClarAr. Land/^n.TiMcj'fud March ISio.liy y.cmffman ScCfF'li^rnostir^ow. 35. OROBUS VARIUS. Party-coloured Bitter-Vetch. DiADELPHlA. DeCANDRIA. Class 17. Order 4. GENERIC CHARACTEH. Vide Orobus vernus. PI. 4. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves pinnate. Stipules half-arrow-shaped, entire. Stem winged. Stem herbaceous, rising from a foot to eighteen inches, much bi'anched, the extremities freely producing flowers of different shades of white, yellow, and red. The stem, from being winged and so much branched, renders this plant easily distinguished from either angustifolius or albus : the former of these, Linnaeus seems to have confounded with this plant, which not only differs as above, but in the stipules being broader. The flowers appear in clusters of about six or eight : their calyx red; standard crimson, faduig to a pale yellow; wings and keel variegated with yellow and buff". The diversity of colour displayed by this little herbaceous perennial is rarely met with in any other individual plant Its delicacy requires it to be placed almost alone, in order that the beauties may be visible : its place in the flower-bed should be in the front, as it would be lost if suffered to be crowded by other plants. The stems rise to the height of about fifteen inches, and are justof sufficient strength to support themselves; they had therefore in general better be supported by small sticks, to prevent injury from wind. These flowers will continue in succession during the months of June and July, possessing the various shades of red, pink, and yellow. They will some- times perfect their seeds, by which means they are increased. This plant thrives in a tolerably rich earth, composed of peat, loam, and decayed manure. It is a native of Italy, and was introduced in 1759. The specimen from which this figure was drawn flowered at Messrs. Malcolm and Gray's Nursery, Kensington. REFERENCES TO THE PLATE. 1. Standard. 2 & 3. Wings. 4. Keel. 5. Calyx, stamens, and pistil, magnified. ri. 30. J>ra.wn Sc Kn^aved by W, Ctark . Zrawn ScJ^nff raved iy W, ClarA; . London.. PcOilished iry Imff^'ufn. ScCfFaii'.moster2iow, .4prU JS20-. 38. GENTIANA ASCLEPIADEA. Swallow-wort Gentian. Pentandrta. Digynia. Class 5. Order 2. Linn. spec. 329. Bot. Mag. 1078. GENERIC CHARACTER. Vide Gentiana acaulis. PI. 2. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Corolla five-cleft, bell-shaped, opposite, sessile. Leaves stem-clasp- ing. Stem upright, about one foot in height. Leaves smooth, em- bracing the stem, and terminating in an acute point : they are strono-ly marked with veins terminating at the point. Flowers bell-shaped, in pairs, and of a beautiful blue. This species is sometimes confounded with G. septenifida, as the corolla is sometimes six- or seven-cleft ; but it may be distinguished in having the flowers in a spike nearly half down the stalk. The interesting species of this tribe of plants demand the attention of every cultivator and admirer of flowers: they form a leading feature in almost every flower-border ; nor are they wanting among the ornaments on rock-work. Some of the species are very humble in point of growth, — others more aspiring ; but they all individually possess attractive beauties. As long as the weather will permit a bloom to assist in the decoration of the flower-garden, some of the species of this family are found lending their aid in the general beauty of the scene. The present species is particularly worthy of enco- mium. Its spike of handsome blue flowers tinged with purple, intermixed with rich green leaves, makes it an acquisition either to the flower-garden or the herbaceous border ; while its splendid flowers conspicuously shine during the months of July and August. It is readily raised by seeds, which should be sown soon after they acquire maturity, as they do not freely vegetate after being kept. If the seeds be sown as soon as ripe in the autumn, they should be kept in the seed-pots under hand-glasses or frames through the winter : in the following spring they should be potted off* into other pots, where they may remain until of sufficient size to plant in the borders. This plant is a native of Austria, and was introduced in 1629. This figure was drawn firom a specimen which flowered at Cashiobury, the seat of the earl of Essex. Fl.dQ. i^itL/^'.it-.^.^ 2>7-atm ScZnaravrd ly W, Clarfc. /.,m^o7i, Fuilished 6 Z.w^w<7?? tCfalyrn/^sierSiW, Jjt^t/ /•Tie' . ASCLEPIAS TUBEROSA. Tuberous Swallow- wort. Pentandria. Digynia. Class 5. Order 2. AscLEPiAS : from Msculapius, on account of the medicinal properties some of the species in this genus possess. Linn. gen. n, 306. Linn. spec. 316. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth five-cleft, sharp, very small, permanent. Cor. mono- petalous, flat or reflex, five-parted ; divisions ovate, acuminate. Nectaries five, growing to the base of the filaments below the an- thers, fleshy ; protruding from the bottom a sharp horn bending inwards. Sfani. Filaments five, collected into a tube swelling at the base. Anthers oblong, upright, two-celled, terminated by an inflex membrane lying on the stigma, having a reversed wing on each side, growing broader downwards, with its edge contiguous to the next. The pollen is collected into ten corpuscles, inversely lanceolate, hanging down into the cells of the anther by short threads frequently flexuose, which are annexed by pairs to five car- tilaginous twin tubercles, each placed on the tip of the wings of the anthers, adhering to the angles of the stigma between the an- thers. Pist. Germs two, oblong, acuminate. Styles two, subulate. Stigma common to both, large, thick, five-cornered, covered at the top by the apexes of the anthers, umbilicate in the middle. Per. Follicles two, large, oblong, acuminate, swelling, one-celled, one- valved. Seeds numerous, imbricate, crowned with down. Receptacle membranaceous, free. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves lanceolate. Stem divaricate, hairy. Root tuberous. Stems from a foot to a foot and a half in height, hairy, round, dusky red. Leaves alternate, except on the upper part of the stem. The flowers in large clusters at the extremity of the stems, of a bright orange. This very splendid herbaceous plant would, no doubt, be found to adorn every garden if its propagation were more easily effected. Unfortunately, it does not perfect its seed in this country, and consequently it can be increased but slowly by its root alone. In its native country (North America), it is found growing very luxuriantly in sandy gravel, where its roots frequently penetrate to the depth of three feet, and of proportionate bulk. The smaller-sized roots are sometimes imported into this coun- try in very good preservation when packed in sand or in moss. These roots thrive very well when planted in sandy earth. Upon a sandy or gravelly bank it flourishes, which renders it well adapted for rock-work, where its fine orange clusters of flowers may be shown to advantage. The height it generally attains is about a foot and a half; and when in a soil and situa- tion in which it delights, scarcely any herbaceous plant can vie with it for splendour. The beauty of these flowers is apparent in the months of July and August, during which time, others of the same genera are in flower ; as A. amcena, A. syriactti and A. incarnata, which, though not equal in beauty to tuberosa, are nevertheless worthy of cultivation, and will look well in the same bed contrasted with each other. This was introduced in 1690. REFERENCES TO THE PLATE. 1. External petal 2. Internal petal, forming the nectary 3. The nectary, showing the projecting barren filament 4. Showing the position of the stamens^ the situation of an outer petal, and part of the calyx 5. The pistil y3 40. PASSIFLORA C^RULEA-RACEMOSA. Whitley's Hybrid Passion-Flower. MONADELPHIA. PeNTANDRIA. Class 16. Order 2. Passiflora ; formerly called Flos Fassionis, from a fancy that all tlie instruments of our Saviour's Passion were displayed in the flower, Linn. gen. n. 1021. Hort. Soc. Trans. GENERIC CHARACTER, Cal. Perianth five-parted_, flat, coloured. Cor. Petals five, semi-lan- ceolate, flat, blunt, of the same size and form with the calyx, Stam. Filaments five, awl-shaped, fastened to a column at the base of the germ, and united at the bottom, spreading. Anthers incum- bent, oblong, blunt. Fist. Germ roundish, placed on the apex of a straight cylindrical column. Styles three, thicker above, spread- ing. Stigmas capitate. Fer. Berry fleshy, subovate, one-celled, pedicelled. Seeds very many, ovate, arilled. Recept. of the seeds triple, growing longitudinally to the rind of the pericarp. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Leaves 3 — 5 -parted. Segments thinly lanceolate, leathery, sharp at the point. Cabjx of lanceolate segments, loose and keeled. Steini flexuose, climbing, round, and of a bright green with a partial tinge of red : it throws out tendrils, by which it attaches itself to whatever it reaches. Leaves three-lobed, of a dark green above, but paler underneath, and strongly marked with red veins. Stipules in paiz's, at the base of the leaf-stalk. Calyx green. Petals concave, pale purple and red. Flowers solitary. Of the numerous varieties of Passion-Flower lately obtained, the present very handsome variety was the first. It was raised by Mr. Milne (of the firm of Whitley, Brames and Milne, Fulham,) hi the year 1819. It was obtained by impregnating some flowers of P. cderulea with the farina of P. racemosa. This experiment has produced a variety possessing the com- bined beauties of these two species, as well as the desirable property of being hardy. " here beauty plays Her idle freaks ; from family diffused To family, as flies the father dust. The varied colours run : and while they break On the charm'd eye, th' exulting Florist marks With secret pride the wonders of his hand." Mr. Milne has produced many other varieties as well as the present ; and his success gave the stimulus to other botanists to similar experiments, which have led to the production of many varieties, both hardy and tender. The luxuriant habit of growth and the free disposition to flower, render this a desirable shrub for covering a building or trellis-work where beauty is required. The free disposition of this climber to flower makes it very acceptable to entwine among others which, though luxuriant in foliage, are deficient in bloom. The foliage is of itself ornamental, and may indeed be said to be excelled by no other shrub. The facility with which this plant is increased by layers has enabled its numerous admirers to become possessed of it. It should be planted in a south or south-east aspect, in light garden mould; and it will produce a profusion of flowers from July until checked by the frost. This specimen was drawn from a fine plant which flowered at Messrs. Whidey, Brames, and Mihie's. T1..41- rjr.:w, .v-7'.?jtrr.ivi'4 H If.Ciarfc. 41. LOBELIA FULGENS. Fulgent Lobelia. ; Pentandria. Monogynia. Class 5. Older 1. Lobelia : from Matthias de Lobel, a Flemish botanist, who was phy- sician to King James I. Linn. gen. n. 1006. GENERIC CHARACTER, Cal. Perianth one-leafed, five-cleft, very small, growing round the germ, withering ; toothlets nearly equal. Cor. one-petaled, irre- gular ; the tube cylindric, longer than the calyx, divided longitu- dinally above ; border five-parted ; divisions lanceolate, of which the two superior ones are smaller, less reflex, more deeply divided, constituting an upper lip j the three inferior ones more spreading, frequently larger. Stam. Filaments five, awl-shaped, the length of the tube of the petal, connate above. Anthers connate into an oblong cylinder, gaping five ways at the base. Pist. Germ sharp- pointed, inferior. Style cylindric, length of the stamens. Stigma obtuse, hispid. Per. Capsule ovate, two- or three-celled, two- or Ihree-valved, gaping at the top, girt by the calyx. Seeds many, very small. Recept. conic. SPECIFIC CHAKACTKR. Leaves oblong, lanceolate, rather serrate, slightly villose ; flowers in a spike. Root white and very fibrous. Leaves closely succeeding each other on the stalk ; they are lanceolate, of a blueish green. with a kind of pubescence on its surface giving it an appear- ance of velvet. Stem erect, rising to the height of about three feet. The flowers are of a brilliant scarlet, and form a spike at the end of the stem. The splendour of this herbaceous perennial is such as to call forth the admiration of every beholder. Whether it be intermixed in the herbaceous border, or in a bed forming a group of the hardy species of this genus, among which there are many possessing much beauty, it will nevertheless be pro- minent for brilliancy. It may be grown to great perfection in pots, for the purpose of ornamenting flower-houses during the summer months ; for this purpose it should be cultivated by means of artificial heat in the early part of the season, and may by this method be made to obtain the height of five or six feet, although in the open border it rarely exceeds the height of three feet : its earliest flowers appear in July, with a succession until the end of August. Every facility is afforded by this plant for rapid propagation and general cultivation : it freely increases by its roots, which may be separated in the month of March, very small portions of which will produce plants. It thrives well in a light rich earth, composed of portions of light garden mould, decayed leaves, and rotten manure. It is a native of North America. The date of its introduction is not correctly ascertained. REFERENCES TO THE PLATE. 1. The stamens exhibited, showing their union at the anthers. 2. The pistil, with the corolla and calyx removed. Tl. 4Z. 2>mwn SrS-nfmvti/ ty JV. Clnr/t. Zinion,I'uddiJ'^£t^ fy ZonffTnan Ic C^ PaterTiiisifr Jiew, Mn- JS26\ 42. PHLOX SETACEA. Bristly Lychnidea. Pentandria. Monogynia. Class 5, Order 1. Linn. gen. n. 214, Linn. spec. 217. GENERIC CHARACTER. Vide Phlox carnea. PI. 16. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves bristly-shaped, smooth; flowers solitary. The stalks if they be tied up will rise about one foot in height ; but in their natural position trail upon the ground, raifing some stems and flowers about four or five inches. The leaves are closely set upon the lower part of the stem ; they are of a dark green, somewhat hairy, and have a very bristly appearance, from whence is its name. The flowers are of a light purple, and larger than those of subulata , from which this plant differs also in the leaves, which are finer and more hairy than those of subulata. This little herbaceous plant is peculiarly adapted for rock- work: in such a situation, though humble in its habit of growth, its profusion of flowers will be shown to great advan- tage. It may also be well recommended for decorating the herbaceous border : indeed it appears with marked splendour and is viewed with great interest intermixed with other dwarf- growing herbaceous plants. The flowers are pink with some- what of a purplish tinge, and appear in the months of June and July, at which time others of the same genus are m flower with which it may be intermixed, as P. amccna^ P. suhulata^ P. carnea ; and for a fiirther contrast of colours, the following dwarf plants would appear as companions to advantage : Gen- tiana verna, JRhexia virginica^ Globularia nudicaidis, Chironia Centaurium^Spigelia mar ilandica, and Androsace carnea. These in combination are alike applicable for rock-work or for the herbaceous border. The plant here figured thrives in a light open earth, and is readily propagated by cuttings, which should be taken off about the beginning of July and placed under a hand-glass in a shaded situation, and in the following spring should be planted out or potted as may be required. It is a native of North America, and was introduced in 1790. The specimen from which the drawing for this figure was made, flowered at Mr. Knight's Nm-sery, King's Road, Chelsea. REFERENCES TO THE PLATE. 1 . Corolla cut open, showing ihe insertion of the stamens in the tube of the corolla, and the pistil and calyx at the base. 2. Pistil magnified. Tl.43. DroMm &-S7!ff raved ly W, Clar/c. Zondon,ruMished IryZariffman & CfTaZemo.''terJtcnv,MayJS26 . 43. DELPHINIUM ELEGANS ,3 PLENO. Dark Purple Larkspur. POLYANDRIA. TriGYNIA. Class 13. Order 3. GENERIC CHARACTER. Vide Delphinium mesoleucum. PI. 29. SPECIFIC CIIAKACTER. Leaves smooth, five-parted 5 lobes lanceolated. Calyx shorter than the petals 5 the spur curved. The stems generally attain about three feet in height, some- times highei*, and generally about three or four from the same root. Leaves of a light green, much fainter on the under side, very much divided into deeply laciniated segments. The flowers are closely but irregularly disposed along the stem ; they are supported each on a peduncle from one to two inches long, and are of a beautiful dark purple, and in this variety double. While examining the conspicuous ornaments of the herba- ceous border, this variety of Delphinium elegans will be found to claim peculiar attention. It is distinguished as a variety from the true species by its double flowers, from whence it is named : it is also more luxuriant in its growth, and the flow- ers appear in greater profusion as well as richer in colour. These variations render it truly desirable for general cultiva- tion. The showy appearance displayed by this plant in the flower-bed is equalled by few others, and it decidedly eclipses all its brethren of this genus. The leading or main stems are generally about three feet in height, supporting handsome spikes of dark purple flowers ; these are succeeded by smaller stems springing from the root, which attain the height of about a foot and a half, producing flowers, though not in so great abundance. Thus a succession of flowers is produced for a considerable time ; especially so if the larger stems be cut down immediately after they have produced their flowers : by pursuing this mode the plants may be kept in beauty through the months of July, August, and September. It grows freely in a light vegetable earth, and is increased by separating the roots, which should be done early in April, the season at which the young roots are beginning to appear. When sepa- ratino- large roots, each portion should have one or two shoots, which will flower the same season they are separated. This is the only process of propagating this variety. The species from which this variety has emanated is a native of the North of Europe, and was introduced about 1750. rLd4- Dravn Si:£nffravernv7! Sc£?ij?mved iy W, CCarfc. 45. ADONIS VERNALIS. Spring Adonis, POLYANDRIA. PoLYGYNIA. Class 13. Order 7. Adonis : from Adonis in the Heathen mythology, famed as being the favourite of Venus. Linn. gen. n. 698. Linn. spec. 7/1. syst. .514. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth five-leaved ; leaflets obtuse, concave, a little coloured, deciduous. Cor. Petals five to fifteen, oblong, obtuse, shining. Stam. Filaments very short, subulate. Anthers oblong, inflex. Pist. Germs numerous, in a head. Styles none. Stigmas acute, refle.K. Per. none. Recept. oblong, spiked. Seeds numerous, irregular, angular, gibbous at the base, reflex at the top, a little prominent^ naked. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Flowers twelve-petaled ; heads of seeds ovate. Root herbaceous ; stem from twelve to eighteen inches in height, closely set with deeply pinnated leaves, and termi- nated by a solitary yellow flower, the calyx of which is of a rich brown : the exterior part of the petals, towards their points, partaking of the same colour ; the interior of the same of a bright yellow. Plants which appear as early m the season as this species oi Adonis have a decided claim to our notice. After the long and dreary months while vegetation has been lying dormant, it is with peculiar delight we view these flowers thus early waking to life and beauty. This plant is not merely early in the production of its flowers, but where it has been so long estabHshed as to produce a tuft of any considerable magni- tude, the luxuriance of its large yellow flowers contributes con- siderably to decorate the flower-border. From its being per- fectly hardy and growing well in any prepared border, it may with good effect be placed amongst many low shrubberies, where, mixed wath a few other early flowering herbaceous plants, it will assist to satisfy the eye previous to the shrubs themselves showing forth their verdure and floral beauty. It is readily increased by separating the roots early in March, about the end of which its flowers begin to appear, a suc- cession of which is produced throughout April. It is a native of the North of Europe, and was introduced in 1731. This specimen was figured from the herbaceous border at Messrs. Malcolm and Gray's Nursery, Kensington. n.46. -^.^..*v Ai/ W r7/7r^. . 46. GLYCINE SINENSIS. Chinese Glycine. DiADELPHIA. DeCANDRIA. Class 17. Older 4. Glycine : from y\uKvr, sweet. Linn, gen, n. 868. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth one-leafed, compressed ; mouth two-lipped j upper lip emarginate, obtuse ; lower one longer, trifid, acute. Cor. Papilio- naceous. Banner obcordate, the sides bent down, the back gib- bous, the tip emarginate, straight, repelled from the keel. Wings oblong, towards the tip ovate, small, bent downwards. Keel linear, sickle-shaped, bent upwards at the tip, pressing the banner up- wards, obtuse, towards the tip broader. Stam. Filaments dia- delphous, (simple and nine-cleft,) only a little divided at the tip, rolled back. Anthers simple. Pist. Germ oblong. Style cylin- dric, rolled back. Stigma obtuse. Per. Legume oblong. Seed kidney-form. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Stem shrubby, twining ; leaves divided into pairs ; leaflets ovate- acuminate, downy. Branches shrubby, long and pliant : the flowers produced generally from small spurs, and begin to make their appear- ance before the leaves, which succeed the flowers, and are divided into pairs of leaflets, and are of a pubescent or downy natui'e. Among the numerous showy and ornamental shrubs intro- duced from China, the present species of Glycine demands a considerable degree of admiration. Scarcely any other climb- ing shrub can vie widi it in the beauty and profusion of its delicately tinted racemes of flowers. Its light azure hue gives such an ' airiness to the whole plant, that, added to the delightful odour emitted, it seems formed to realize all the floral beauties that poetical license has figured to the imagination. In the conservatory this shrub is truly con- spicuous ; for when planted in the ground, its growth is remarkably luxuriant, producing shoots of above ten feet in length in one season. These shoots, when trained and spread out upon light wire-work extending over the roof of the house, produce, during the month of April, a dense mass of delicate flowers. Besides decorating the conservatory and green- house, it is found to flourish in the open air against trellis- work, or in open borders supported by a stake. Its hardihood adds much to its recommendation, as it thus becomes interest- ing to those who have not the convenience of a glass pro- tection. Virandas, alcoves, porticos, and every description of trellis-work will be highly enriched by the addition of this among other climbing shrubs. When planted out of doors it does not produce its flowers and leaves until about the middle of May. It should be planted in an earth composed of loam, decayed leaves, and a small portion of peat and sand. It is increased by layers which should be made from wood of one year old. The drawing of the present figure was ob- tained through the kindness of J. C. Palmer, Esq., of Brom- ley, Kent, who possesses in his conservatory, among many other imported novelties from China, one of the first of this species that was introduced into this country, and who also has some of these plants flourishing in the open air, without affording them the least protection from cold. Fl. 47- H^ Zirawn ScEngraved by W, Clark. . f..ii:.i,.jA-, r^^m^w z-rf F/i/frnMferHow.Junf ys:'/>. 47. CAMPANULA PEREGRINA. Rough Bell-flower. Pentandria. Monogynia. Class 5. Order 1. Campanula: from Carapana, a little bell, from the shape of the corolla. Linn. gen. n. 218. Willd. Sp. PI. 1 . p. 906. Reich. Sp. PI. p. 462. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cat. Perianth five-parted, acute, erect, expanding, superior. Cor. Monopetalous, bell-form, impervious at the base, half five-cleft, marcescent ; divisions broad, acute, spreading. Nectary in the bottom of the corolla, composed of five valves, acute, converging, covering the receptacle. Stam. Filaments five, capillary, very short, inserted on the tips of the valves of the nectary ; anthers longer than the filaments, compressed. Pist. Germ angular, in- ferior : style filiform, longer than the stamens ; stigma three-parted, oblong, thickish j divisions revolute. Per. Capsule roundish, an- gular, three- or five-celled, emitting the seeds at so many lateral openings. Seeds numerous, small. Recep. columnar, adnate. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves ovate, rough j stem simple, hairy ; corolla spreading. Stem herbaceous, from eighteen inches to two feet in height, round, hairy, and of a bkieish colour. Leaves ovate, covered with brown hairs, setting close to the stalk, serrated on the edge, and somewhat undulated. Flowers arranged alternately along the stalk, forming a handsome spike of purple flowers. The genus to wh'ch this plant belongs is deservedly an universal favourite : it embraces in its family a very numerous and interesting variety, among which exists a wide diffusion of character of growth, from the unassuming C. pumilla and C. hederacea, rising their heads but a few inches from the ground, to the stately and showy C. ladea, frequently aspiring to the height of nine or ten feet. These lofty stems are sur- rounded by numerous milk-white flowers, forming to appear- ance a conspicuous pillar of snow. The species here figured, though it does not claim notice from its aspiring or conspicu- ous characters, nevertheless calls forth admiration from the delicacy of the purple flowers with which it is adorned : it is distinguished from others of the genus which approach it in size and other characters, by the richness of its dark eye. Its situation in the flower-bed must be near the front, arranged with such other plants as attain about one foot in height and flower in the month of July. It will be found to flourish in an earth composed of a good proportion of decayed leaves and rich vegetable mould. It sometimes perfects its seeds, by which means it is propagated. It was introduced about 1794', but from whence does not appear to be correctly known. This specimen flowered at Messrs. Whitley, Brames, and Milne's Nursery, Fulham. KEFERENCE TO THE PLATE. Corolla removed showing the insertion of the Stamens and Pistil. P7 2>raMn Sc'Enffrayai <*i' W, ClaTfc . Zon.d.on.I'ubiifhed (y tnnffiricui. &:C'Fater?uisUrRow, Jtmel,?2h'. 48. LATHYRUS GRANDIFLORUS. Perennial Lathyrus. DiADELPHIA. DecANDRIA. Class 17. Order 4. Lathyhus : from XaQvpog of Theophrastus, which Implied something of the pea or vetch tribe. Lin7i. gen. n. 8/2. Bot. Mag. 1938. GENERIC CHARACTER, Cal. Perianth one-leafed, half five-cleft, bell-shaped : divisions lance- olate, sharp : the two upper ones shorter ; the lowest longer. Cor. papilionaceous : standard obcordate, very large, reflex on the sides and tip : wings oblong, lunulate, short, obtuse. Keel half- orbiculate, size of the wings, gaping inwards in the middle, Stam. Filaments diadelphous (single and nine-cleft), rising upwards. Anthers roundish. Pist. Germ compressed, oblong, linear. Stvle erected upwards, flat, wider above, with sharp tip. Stigma, from the middle of the style to the tip villose in front. Per. Legume very long, cylindric or compressed, acuminate, one-celled, bivalve. Seeds several, cylindric, globose, or but little cornered. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Stem rough, four-sided ; peduncle two-flowered, naked ; tendril divided into two j leaves obovate, undulate. Root perennial. Stem branched, clinging : branches square, with rounded angles, rigid, not at all winged, nor hairy, claspers generally twice ternate with oval leaves, rather broadest towards the point, viewed undulated at the margin. Stipules very narrow, semi-sagittate. Pedicles nearly equal, united to the peduncle by a joint. Corolla very much resembling Lathyrus odorafus, but larger. The want of a knowledge of this herbaceous plant must be the sole cause of its not being more generally cultivated in the flower-garden and herbaceous border, its beauty and neatness are surely sufficient to recommend it to the notice of every admirer of flowers. If it be planted against a trellis, or in any situation where it can find support, it will attain the height of about seven or eight feet, and the profusion of flowers which it produces during the months of July and August, renders it a conspicuous and splendid ornament. It is not yet generally dispersed in collections, but wherever it is introduced it is cer- tain to obtain admiration. It thrives in a light mellow earth, and may be propagated by the root as well as by seeds, which it sometimes produces though not invariably. It is a native of the South of Europe, and was introduced in 1814. The specimen here figured was obtained from Messrs. Chandler and Buckingham's Nursery, Vauxhall. REFERENCE TO THE PLATE. Stamens, Pistil, and Calyx slightly magnified. n.4-9- 2>ra»rr, ScS-n^aved fy K Clari; . 49. FUMARIA NOBILIS. Large-flowered Fumitory. DlADELPIIIA. HexANDRIA, Class 17. Order 2. Linn, si/st. C30. But. Mag. \9i>3. GKNERIC CIIARACTKR. Vide PI. 28. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Stems simple. Bractcas shorter than the flower, undivided. Herbaceous, perennial. Root leaves seven to nine, a span in height, bipinnate. Stem erect, angular, furnished with three or four leaves near the flower ; they are sessile and compound, of a dark green on their upper surface, and glaucous under- neath. Tlie flowers are at the extremity of the stem forming a kind of abrupt raceme, they are all directed the same way. Bracteas ovate, lanceolate, entire. Flowers of a pale green or nearly white, excepting towards the throat, where they ara of a dark brown approaching to black, with a bright yellow bor- der surrounding. Calyx minutely toothed. Capsule thin, fri- able. Seed large, lenticular, beaked, very smooth, dark and shining. This herbaceous plant is conspicuous and interesting from the clusters of yellow flowers, rendered more showy by the dark spots, which serve to give brilliancy to the other parts. In addition to the contrast of the colours in this, which distin- guishes it from other species of the genus, there exists a marked peculiarity in the style of flowering. In this, the flow- ers appear in a close cluster forming a sort of raceme, while in the other species they are more scattered. Though they are of shorter- duration than many others, yet as they all ap- pear nearly at the same time, they are when in flower de- cidedly the most conspicuous of the genus : they are in their greatest beauty and perfection towards the end of April, and continue at least a month. As this species does not readily perfect its seeds here, and is increased but sparingly from the roots, it is on this account much admired and cherished in places where it is cultivated. Nearly all the species in this genus are humble in gi'owth, rarely exceeding a foot in height, and many are much less. This species attains the height of about one foot, and thrives well in a border of light but rich vegetable mould. It is a native of Siberia, and was introduced in 1783. This specimen was figured from Messrs. Malcolm and Gray's Nursery, Kensington. REFERENCE TO THE PLATE. The Corolla removed showing the situation of the Stamens and Pistil. Tl. Z>raw .Se/>!' Ki 57. CASSIA ODORATA. Sweet-scented Cassia. Decandria. Monogynta. Class 10. Order 1. Cassia ; by Dioscorides xccTcricc. The derivation of this term is un- known. Linn. gen. n. 514. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cell. Perianth pentaphyllous, concave, coloured, deciduous. Cor. Petals five, roundish concave, the inferior ones more distant, more spreading, larger. Stani. Filaments ten, declined : the three in- ferior ones longer j the three superior ones shorter. Anthers : the three inferior very large, gaping at the tip ; the four lateral ones without the rostrum gaping ; the three superior ones very small, sterile. Pisf. Germ sub-columnar, long peduncled. Style very short. Stigma obtuse, ascending. Per. Legume oblong, partitions transverse. Seeds many, roundish, affixed to the superior suture. SPECIFIC CHARACTER, Leaflets in eight pairs. Stipules linear, pointed. Stem shrubby, of a brownish green. Leaves alternate, of a dark green on their upper surface, but lighter with a brown tinge underneath. Flowers yellow, sweet-scented. Stamens with purple anthers. Pistil green. The propriety of the introduction of this interesting new Cassia into a work professing to depict hardy plants only, may be questioned by many : but, although hitherto cultivated in the green -house, this plant will doubtless endure the open air of this country with the same precaution merely as is be- stowed upon many other shrubs which are exposed to the open air, and which are natives of the same part of New South Wales. Many of these plants have been inured to the climate of this country, and it is therefore not anticipating too much to expect that this will prove equally hardy. This plant has been very recently introduced from New South Wales ; and the present specimen was kindly forwarded by Aylmer Bourke Lambert, Esq. from Boyton House, Wilts, where it flowered in the green-house in the month of May. When planted in the open air in a dry border of a north-west aspect, and in a soil composed of peat-loam and a little sand, it will no doubt flower luxuriantly, of which its habit indicates a free disposi- tion. In the open air the flowers will not appear until the end of June. Like many of the species in this genus, the flowers are yellow ; but this species differs very essentially from any of the others, in the peculiar fragrance of its flowers. It has not been sufficiently long in this country to ascertain whether it will mature its seed : probably it will not in the open air, but it may be increased by layers or by cuttings. It was introduced by seeds from New South Wales in 1825. REFERENCES TO TUE PLATE. 1. Insertion of the stamens and pistil. 2. Petal. Drawn SrHn^/.i- 58. CYTISUS PURPUllEUS. Purple-flowered Cytisus. DlADELPHIA. DecANDRIA. Class 17. Order 4. CvTisus : Kvria-os of Hippocrates and Theophrastus. Said by Pliny to have been lirst found in the isle of Cythus, whence it is supposed to have derived its name. Linn. gen. n. 877. Linn. syst. G67. GENERIC CIIARACTEK. Cal. Perianth one-leafed, bell-form, short, obtuse at the base : mouth two-lipped 5 upper lip two-cleft, acuminate 3 lower three- toothed. Cor. papilionaceous. Standard ovate, rising upwards, sides reflex. Wings the length of the standard, straight, obtuse. Keel some- what bellied, acuminate. Skim. Filaments diadelphous (single and nine-cleft) rising upwards. Anthers simple. Pist. Germ oblong. Style simple, rising upwards. Stigma obtuse. Per. Legume ob- long, obtuse, attenuated at the base, stiff. Seeds a few, kidney- form, compressed. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Flowers peduncled, solitary. Leaves smooth. Stems decumbent, becoming shrubby. Legumes sickled above. Stem shrubby, smooth, brownish, pliant, prostrate. Leaves scattered, alternate, petioled; leaflets sessile, ovate, sharpish, dark green, quite entire. Flowers axillary, solitary, erect, on a short pedicel. Calyx tinged with purple. Corolla large, fine piu'ple. Filaments all connate. Anthers orange-coloured. Legume much narrower at the base, subpeduncled, linear, compressed, sickle-shaped, black when ripe, and commonly smooth. Few shrubs which ornament the lawn or pleasure-ground are more interesting when in flower than this species of Cyti- sus. Whether it be cultivated as a dwarf shrub in its natural style of growth- in trailing on the ground, or as a standard in being worked upon a stem of the common Laburnum, it in- variably attracts attention. When it is placed alone on the lawn as a standard, its branches having a natural disposition towards the earth, they hang in a pendent manner round the main stem, upon which they are worked by the process of budding ; and when in flower present a very lively appear- ance. Other species of this genus may be treated in the same manner. The C. supinus when thus worked assumes the same habit of growth, while the C. argenteus and C. capitaUis present their shoots upwards ; but either, as dwarfs or standards, are very ornamental. The C. purjnireus, when cultivated as a dwarf shrub, has a good effect grouped with many of the species of Daphne; also in the front of the American beds in- termixed with the Ledum tribe and other dwarf shrubs. When cultivated in this manner it does not attain above a foot in height, as its habit is to trail upon the surface of the ground. It is readily increased by layers, and thrives well in a light vegetable earth. The flowers are purple, and appear in great profusion in the month of May. It is a native of Austria, and was introduced in 1 790. 3imrn Sr En^med by W.Clark . rep., t..B.,... crjofx 59. PAPAVER NUDICAULE /3 COCCINEA. Scarlet Naked-stalked Poppy. POLYANDRIA. MoNOGYNIA. Class 13. Order 1. Papaver, from Pappa. Linn. gen. n. G48. GENERIC CHARACTER. Cal. Perianth two-leaved^ ovate, emarginate ; leaflets subovate, con- cave, obtuse, caducous. Cor. Petals four, roundish, flat, spreading, large, narrow at the base, alternately less. Stam. Filaments nu- merous, capillary, much shorter than the corolla. Anthers oblong, compressed, erect, obtuse. Plst. Germ roundish, large. Style none. Stigma peltate, flat, radiate. Per. Capsule crowned with the large stigma, one-celled. Seeds numerous, very small. Recept. longitudinal plaits, the same number with the rays of the stigma, fastened to the wall of the pericarp. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Calyx egg-shaped, hairy, rough. Leafstalks radical, very long. Leaves downy, lobed ; lobes acutely dentated. Root biennial. Root-leaves hispid, broader, shorter, less deeply divided, and fewer segments than in the others, which are divided into narrower and longer segments : they are of a very glaucous green, more particularly so underneath. Stems herbaceous : tliey rise about a foot in height, they are naked, and support on the extremity a solitary flower. In this variety the flowers are a beautiful scarlet. Of the numerous species and varieties of this tribe of plants, very few are admitted as ornaments to the flower-garden: many of the annual kind are excluded, either from possessing too gaudy an appearance or from the liability to scatter their seeds too numerously on the border, producing a multiplicity of plants, and a monotony of foliage and bloom. Independent of the very gaudy species there are some well worthy of culti- vation in ornamental flower-borders. The P. nudicaule (from which the present variety has been produced) possesses a de- gree of interest from its free production of delicately tinted yellow flowers, about a foot or rather more in height. It is from this species the present as well as many other varieties have been produced, varying principally in the colour of the flowers, which in diiferent plants produce variations of all the shades of yellow, orange, and scarlet. The variety repre- sented by this figure has been selected for the brilliancy of its colour, for being less fugitive than many of the others, and for transferring its beauties with truth to its offspring, while many of the others sport to a great extent with their colours. This variety, intermixed with P. nudicaule in the border, will be found to assist in addinji to each other a degree of bril- liancy which will render them conspicuously ornamental. They may be admitted both in clumps in the flower-garden and in the front of the shrubbery-borders : they grow freely in light vegetable earth, and may be increased by seeds. The P. nudicaule is a native of Siberia, and was introduced in 1730. This species was figured from Mr. Knight's Nursery, King's Road, Chelsea. Dniirn i. eiMraieti fy WXloiic . Imdcu. Mlishtd h Eonaman Sc C tatirnoster Ram Sep: ISU . GO. CYCLAMEN COUM. Round-leaved Cvclamen. PeNTANDIUA. MONOGYNIA. Class 5. Order 1. Cyclamen, from v.'^y\a,. Linn. gen. ??. 201. Bot.Mag.A. GENERIC CUARACTER. Cal. Perianth half five-cleft, roundish, permanent j divisions ovate. Cor. one-petalled. Tube somewhat globose, twice as large as the calyx, small, nodding. Border bent upwards, five-parted, very large, divisions lanceolate. Neck prominent. Stam. Filaments five, very small in the tube of the corolla, converging. Pist. Germ roundish. Style filiform, straight, longer than the stamens. Stigma sharp. Per. Berry globose, one-celled, gaping five ways at the top, covered with a capsular shell. Seeds very many, somewhat ovate cornered. Recept. ovate, free. SPECIFIC CHARACTER. Leaves orbicular, cordate, quite entire. Root perennial, tuberous. Leaves plain, orbicular, with short weak petioles ; their underside is very red in the beginning of winter, but that colour goes off in the spring ; their upper side is smooth, of a lucid green, and spread flat open ; whereas the other sorts are hollowed and reflex at the base. The flowers are of a bright purple, and are supported on stalks about three inches in heiuht. Scarcely any genus meets with more universal encomium than that of the Cyclamen. The few species which this genus possesses, vary very little from each other, yet they possess very great attractions : a slight variation in the character of their leaves, in the colour of their flowers, or the time of their appearance, are the only observable differences. The species here figured possesses advantages over the rest, as it puts forth its flowers as early as February, a season when the most trifling signal of the return of vegetation impresses the mind with an engaging interest, as it recalls the delights attendant upon the production of those floral beauties which ever yield pleasure and delight. As the flowers of this little ornament do not rise above the height of four inches, they are in danger of being obscured in the border, and they are therefore fre- quently cultivated in pots. They will however flower as well in a dry border composed of light vegetable mould and sand; and in this situation are more likely to perfect their seeds. When grovvTi in pots they should, about the end of July, when their leaves die off", be kept tolerably dry for about three months. They are propagated by seed, which is freely pro- duced : these seeds should be sown in flat pots immediately after they are ripe, which is about the middle of August. They will appear during the autumn, and should be kept in a frame , or pit throughout the winter, and early in the spring should be planted out either into the ground or into separate pots. This is a native of the South of Europe, and was introduced in 1731. Figured from Messrs. Chandler and Buckingham's Nur- seiy, Vauxhall. - -ix Bolanical Ga r' ^- SB407 .M628 gen Morris. Richard/Flora conspicua : a sele I II 111 Hill II II IMII1III1 III III H I I' 1. 3 5185 00002 0378 'V ^^ ^y X >'^ ■ r' .^', > i-^ ^* — \ K^ ~^^-. V ' 'V r-f. ^ ^ \a a '-^ rV^. i^ t^\ .J \ '■?' /- .i > ^^' • "^^ A