oy 4 ayia it ' i chet FRYE S UPeatyrathtel here lel ele ivtala VUE VT IVY QUENT A AEN NTA wees ery ays . rere yey raha vac bad eA VOOM ae WSO SUE RAY Taha ss. SOO eEeL Sher S's VEAL AVES NMRA tp EA ey UN Wi Nba gas ‘ rt its Cees ty tia We Pa Sabie bah bal baeecee SAE ROR RE Rom ae Leek wy Panna FR Ae Ae \ UO RIANT teraz’ eee ge re Men wiles ROAD ES Be yee ena] VHA ape vias spe yeh aah oe ue eee eben ivetany V4 eh wi viaey VME ER ALM wil Loar Sent ViRdh ; 1 iaate ie tu Leecueale yt that rAtca ; ‘ } ORT Lie pea, Hidvens ‘ a 4 Lean hapten WAT UAE OUTED eretene ; UST Re Ler LY Mare tt wy P re MNP De TP EPA DATE ERNE Ea Cate at { K rere ees 2 (ART hdd ODL ie ei reAride nae beast fokuutes ve eared ; (ible Hotesectera i ij Mapas tins fe phe tet eieit oe ' } endieased SPLEEN NS ely t barbie ee Malian white hess siaday brepb He scgtaiecliyy risinetd poavges ‘ seaeread is tur , eT ak ot ww ereiveter neers my Pee eaeardarotinn yg is (fie Mdcuns Mpa PMR Peo ey Hae St Pera ey ere eiest tort et trey PANS MED EGE e) “ib AACN EAS Ce bed Coad aa ol oa ‘ A Fas ipe Mate Ere p40 THI; OMe debs here Ca i ab ealeats PALVAEPUTT POOF yeti hdd Bae ad 4a ge ots PereeS Ra ey Lit Meera Mildetade deneyicentt CIPE SL Seeschinas ee seat beredetratsetes Wah Re ened tem ac et) Wide rcaie ess ren AA SLT tee dae tg ta nhs wit Sitelet ecm bee ea tine Miah Wet hy ete rover errenr! eee AtRe nD ) PAV on SLE ert yk ed wads pupeterteseaem i ' $ i i } hdd poet sine UIC eb oe aie 2 i OS k t A Fars i Ava ht whan fae ae ! Sranet: Pore rer eee ete one ee ; Guess sities ar aaa g PhS ION Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2008 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/floralsymbolismoOOhaiguoft Photo Hanfstiangl Lorenzo da Sanseverino THE VIRGIN IN A STRAWBERRY-DECORATED MANTLE Below are the Gourd and Apple, symbols of Resurrection and Death (National Gallery) Frontispiece} THE FLORAL SYMBOLISM OF THE GREAT MASTERS BY ELIZABETH HAIG LONDON : KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO., LTD. BROADWAY HOUSE, 68-74 CARTER LANE, E.C. 1913 The Divine Heart (19th Century— German) PREFACE Tuis little book has been written for the pleasure of those amateurs who are more interested in the idea which inspires a picture than in the picture’s workmanship. Naturally, the more accomplished the artist, the more clearly and attractively is he able to set forth his meaning; but with art criticism this book has nothing to do, and the attributions are, for the most part, simply those of the official catalogues of the respective galleries. To explain completely even so small a branch of Christian symbolism as that of flowers, an exhaustive knowledge is required of the develop- ment of Christian theology, and of the varying force with which different doctrines appealed at different times to the public mind. But still, these notes may be of some interest to those who care to trace in the work sanctioned by the Church and reverenced by the peopie the history of Western idealism, and who are sometimes puzzled by the conventions employed by the Masters to illustrate the Divine Mysteries. lil CONTENTS . EMBLEMS AND SYMBOLS . THE FLOWER SYMBOLISTS . THE LILY . THE IRIS . THE ROSE . THE CARNATION . GARLANDS OF ROSES . THE COLUMBINE . THE OLIVE . THORNS . THE PaLM . THE ACANTHUS . THE FLEUR-DE-Lys . THE LILY OF THE ANNUNCIATION . THE LILY OF THE ANGEL GABRIEL . . THE FLOWERS OF THE DIVINITY . THE FLOWERS OF THE VIRGIN Toe LLY ‘OF THE SAINTS. \) . THE VINE : 5 A 104 197 235 vi CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE XX. Toe Fruit oF THE TREE OF KNOWLEDGE . 240 XXI. THz GourpD . ‘ ae 4 | XXII. THE POMEGRANATE . : : Ls a Oe XXIII. THE STRAWBERRY. : : Bee 5 XXIV. Fruit In GARLANDS ; : ephaile ar ie3 PARADISE. GIOVANNI DI PAOLO ‘ ine ny THE QUEEN OF HEAVEN. H. vaN EycK . 279 Ture ADORATION OF THE SHEPHERDS. H. VAN DER GOES . £ 2 : 281 La PurissimMa. MURILLO . - Bere e3 Tue GiRLHOOD OF Mary, VirGIN. OD. G. ROSSETTI . : : :