M^^: .^^ i^.,. .v^-« :r-^ ^;r :^.^-., ^^m .^^J^- ^ THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS FLOEA BRITISH INDIA. Dates of Publication of the Several Parts of this Volume. Part XVII. pp. 1-224, was published Bee. 1890. „ XVIII. pp. 225-448 „ /% 1892. „ XIX. pp. 449-G72 „ ^ep^. 1893. „ XX. pp. 673 to end „ April 1894^. THE FLORA OF BRITISH INDIA. SIR J. D. HOOKER, C.B., K.C.S.I. M.D,, F.E.S., D.C.L. OXON- , LL.D. CANTAB. CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE OF FRANCE, AND HON. MEMBER OF THE ASIATIC SOCIETY OF BENGAL. ASSISTED BY VARIOUS BOTANISTS. VOL. VI. orchideje to cyperacejs. PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OP THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INDIA IN COUNCIL. London : L. EEEVE & CO., PUBLISHERS TO THE HOME, COLONIAL AND INDIAN GOVERNMENTS. 6, HENKIETTA STREET, CO VENT GARDEN, 1894. LIBRARY UNIVERSIIY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS LONDON : PBINTED BT GH.BEET AND BIVINGTON, LD. ST. JOHN'S HOUSE, CLEBIENWELL, E.C. FLORA OF BRITISH INDIA. Order OXLVIII. ORCKXDBH:. Continued from Yol. ▼. p. 858. Tribe II. Vandese. (See Vol. v. p. 671.) 39. EUIiOPKZA, Br. Terrestrial quite glabrous herbs ; rbizome tuberous, rarely pseudo- bulbous. Leaves appearing with or after the flowers, plaited. Scape lateral, flowers racemose, rarely panicled. Sepals sLudpetals free, spreading. Lip erect from the base or foot of the column ; base saccate or with a mentum or short spur ; lateral lobes erect, embracing the column, rarely 0 ; midlobe spreading or recurved; disk crested, softly spinous or lamellate. Column short or long, top oblique, entire ; anther terminal, 2-celled ; pollinia 2 or 4, sessile or attached by a short strap to a discoid gland of the rostellum. — Species about 60, tropical, chiefly Asiatic. I follow Blume, and others, in removing Cyrtopera from Cyrtopodium (where it is placed in Gen. Plant.), and including it as a section under ^ulophia, there being a direct passage from the species with, to those without, a foot to the column. In sect. Cyrtopera the lateral sepals are inserted either on the foot of the column, leaving the spur or sac of the lip free, or their insertion extends along the spur, which then is technically a mentum. The perianth of Eulophia is undistinguishable from that of Dipodium, Geodorum, Plocoglottis, and Tainia, of which the two first might but for habit be united with it ; the two latter differ in having creeping rhizomes, usually solitary leaves, and more than 2 pollinia. Chrysoglossum resembles a JEulophia with the pollinia free from the rostellum. Sect. I. ZSulophia proper. Column not produced into a foot. * Leaves and flowers coetaneous, or nearly so. t Pseudobulb very large, epigeal, green. Leaves very narrow. Scape often branched. 1. IS. virens, Brown in Bot. Beg. sub t. 673 {Eulophus) ; leaves grass- like, bracts very small ovate acute, sepals linear-oblong subacute or obtuse, petals elliptic obtuse, lip obovate-oblong, side lobes small, disk with 5-crested nerves. Lindl. Gen. oc. I. c. E. albitiora, Fdgew. mss. Limodorum bicolor, Boxh. Fl. Lnd. iii. 469. Western Himalaya ; Garwhal, alt. 4-7000 ft., liuule, Falconer, Fdgeworth, &c. Bengal, RoxUirgh ; at liungpore, Clarke. Concan, Dulz. ^ Gibs. I. c. Stem 4-6 in., rather slender, sheathed. Leaves 6-8 in., linear-lanceolate, variable in breadth, many-nerved. Scape 2-3 ft., stout ; sheaths large, acuminate ; raceme short, 8-10-fld. ; bracts 1^-2 in. ; pedicel with ovary ^-1 in. ; sepals IJ in., green ; petals very variable, white, nerves purple ; lip white, nerves yellow ; spur very short, obtuse. — The flowers seem to be often produced before the leaves. Lindley gives Ceylon, Macrae, as a habitat, probably by the same error as aflects F. explanata. 5. E. lachnocheila, ILooh. f.\ scape stout, raceme lax-fid., bracts equalling or exceeding the ovary subspathaceous, sepals lanceolate acumi- nate and shorter elliptic petals many-nerved, lip narrow pubescent, side lobes short rounded, midlobe obovate-oblong retuse, margin waved, disk deusely softly spiny. Eulophia.'] cxLViii. orchidEzK. (J. D. Hooker.) 3 Uppek Buema ; at Mayponf^o, Herh. Hort. CcdcM. Tuber globose. Stem 4-6 in. Leaves 2, linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Scape with the raceme 18 in. ; sheaths 2, acuminate ; raceme 6-8-fld. ; bracts |-1 in., mem- branous, linear-lanceolate, subspathaceous ; flowers 1 in. diam. ; lateral sepals inserted at the base of the column ; lip shorter than the sepals ; hypochile obovate, as long as the rather narrower epichile ; spur short, cylindric j column rather long. 6. E. hracteoseL^Lindl in Wall. Cat. 7366; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 180; in Journ. Linn. Soc. ill. 23 ; bracts very long, sepals oblong, tip rounded, petals broadly obovate very many-nerved, lip narrowly obovate-oblong, obscurely 3-lobed, disk with 5-crenulate veins. E. grandiflora, Lindl. Gen. &f 8:p. Orchid. 181. Khasia Hills; on the north slopes, alt. 3-4000 ft., J. D. H. ^ T. T. Chittagong, Wallich. Tenasserim, alt. 3500 ft., Parish. Stem 4-6 in., sheathed. Leaves 1-3, 10-18 in., linear-lanceolate, petioled, 3-nerved. Scape stout, shorter than the leaves, clothed with long sheaths; raceme short, few-fld. ; flowers fleshy; bracts 1-1^ in. ; sepals f in., yellow ; lip white or lilac, streaked; spur short, obtuse. CajojfwZe 1 in.— Lindley's habitat of Ceylon for grandiflora is no doubt an error. 7. ZS> elata* Hooh. f. ; bracts equalling the ovaries, sepals falcate lanceolate acuminate 5-nerved, petals elliptic-lanceolate obtuse strongly 5-nerved, lip narrowly ovate-oblong obtuse entire, disk with 3 slender moniliform nerves. Perak, ScortecUniy 2023. Leaves 12-14 in., petioled, elongate, linear-lanceolate. Scape 3^ ft., very stout below, sheaths appressed ; raceme elongate, lax-fld. ; bracts ^-J in. ; sepals as long, fleshy ; lip equalling the sepals ; spur a small sac j column short, stout, hooded ; young fruit 2 in., deflexed. 8. E. ezplanata, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 180 ; bracts shorter than the ovary, sepals oblong-ovate subacute and broader elliptic petals 5-nerved, lip subpanduriform, base saccate with spreading nerves, disk with two thick crenate lamellae, midrib greatly thickened and caruncled towards the truncate emarginate tip. Dipodium scariosum. Herb. Ham. Nepal ; at Maghada, in the Morung, Hamilton. Noeth-West India {Ic. Falconer). Leaves vei'y young at the flovvering time, surrounded at the base, along with 1 or 2 scapes, with short broad ^-1 in. long sheaths. Scape 4-8 in,, rather stout, 10-12-fld. ; bracts \-^ in. ; pedicels with ovary f in. ; perianth yellow and purplish, spreading, |-| in. diam. ; lip sessile, base adnate to the lateral sepals; sac or spur broadly conical, obtuse ; column very short.' — An anomalous species. Lindley's specimens being counterparts of Hamilton's, his Ceylon habitat is doubtless an error. §§ Lip broader than long^ side lobes short or 0. 9. E. obtusa, Hook./.; bracts equalling the ovaries, sepals oblong- lanceolate acute 7-nerved and broadly elliptic obovate obtuse many-nerved petals tessellate, lip clawed 3-lobed, side lobes rounded, midlobe much longer oblong, disk with 2 lobed calli at the mouth of the spur and 3-5 thickened nerves ending in calli within the apex, claw with a reniform callus on each side. Cyrtopera obtusa, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 190. Noeth-West India; on the banks of the Tonse river, Royle. Leaves 12 in., narrowly ensiform. Scape very tall; raceme elongate, lax-fld. ; bracts ^-^ in., ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; sepals f in. ; petals rather shorter, but B 2 4 CXLViii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) \_Eulophia. much broader; lip as long as the sepals; spur conic, acute, curved, placed between the lateral lobes ; column short, stout. — Placed by Lindley in Ct/rtopera, but there is no foot to the column ; he also errs in describing the sepals and bracts as obtuse. 10. ZS. pratensiS; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 25; bracts shorter than the ovary, sepals oblong obtuse 5-nerved, petals subsimilar, lip sessile broader than long, side lobes large oblong rounded, midlobe small semi- circular, disk with three crenate nerves ending in crenate calli on the mid- lobe. Dalz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. FL 265. E. ramentacea, Wight Ic. t. 1666 {not of Lindl.). The Decoan Peninsula. ; in pastures, from the Concan southwards. Leaves few, 10-12 in., long-petioled, narrowly lanceolate, strongly 3-nerved. Scape 1-3 ft.; sheaths acute, appressed ; bracts ^-| in., ovate -lanceolate; sepals f in., fleshy; spur conical, acute. Capsule 1^ in., elliptic, turgid. — The broad lip is like that of E. macrostachya. Lindley and the Bombay Flora err in describing this species as leafless when flowering. 11. E. macrostachya, Lindl. Gen. S( 8p. Orchid. 183; in Bot. Beg. t. 1972 ; bracts lanceolate, sepals lanceolate acute, petals rather broader, lip broader than long, side lobes short obtuse, midlobe revolute rounded, disk 2-lamellate at the base. Bot. Beg. t. 1972 ; Bot. Mag. t. 6246 ; Wight Ic. t. 1667-8 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 646. Teavancoee and Nilghiri Hills, Wight. Ceylon, in the Central Province, ascending to 4000 ft., Thwaites, &c. Pseudohulb 2-6 in., fusiform. Leaves 2-3, 6-10 in., petioled, elliptic-lanceolate, 3-nerved. Scape stout and raceme together 2-3 ft. ; sheaths appressed, obtuse ; bracts caducous ; sepals and petals ^ in., green ; lip golden yellow with red stripes ; spur a 2-lobed green sac. Capsule 2 in. 12. IS. IHannii, Hook.f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; scape tall, raceme many- fld., bracts shorter than the^ ovary, sepals oblong-lanceolate acute many- nerved, petals broader elliptic many-nerved, lip rhomboidly ovate obtuse obscurely lobed, disk with branching crested nerves. Cyrtopera Mannii, BeicU.f. in Flora 1872, 274. Upper Assam, Mann. Leaves 12 by ^ in., narrowly linear-lanceolate. Scape with raceme 3 ft. ; sheaths appressed, acute ; bracts ^-^ in., ovate-lanceolate ; sepals f in. long, lip shorter ; spur conical; column short, clavate. ** Flowers appearing long before the leaves. (I have not seen the leaves of any species of this subdivision.) 13. E. caxnpestris, Wall. Cat. 7617 ; bracts variable, raceme many- fld., sepals |-| in. linear-lanceolate acute 5-7-nerved, petals oblanceolate 3-5-nerved, lip cuneate-obovate or oblong, side lobes short, midlobe orbicu- lar quadrate or oblong crenulate, disk with 3 central nerves lamellate at the base and tubercled or spinulose on the midlobe. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 185 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 24 iexcl. syn. Wight) ; Walp. Ann. vi. 647. E. ramentacea & rupestris, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7367, 7368 ; Gen. 8c Sp. Orchid. 185 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 25. E. hemileuca, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 25. Limodorum ramentaceum, Boxb. Sort. Beng. 63 ; Fl. Ind. iii. 467. L. dubium. Ham. mss. Bletia Dabia, Bon Brodr. 30. Dipodium ramentaceum, Herb. Ham. Plains of India; from the Panjab to Oudh, Bengal, Chittagong, and the Deccan. — Distbib. Affghanistan. Eul(yphia.'] cxlviii. OECniDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 5 Scape 6-18 in., stout or slender from a deformed tuber ; sheaths subapprossed, ' acute ; flowers many, subsecund ; sepals slightly attached to the base of the lip, . variable in breadth, acute or acuminate, yellow or green striped with pink j petals narrower; lip as long as the sepals, side lobes rounded or subacute, midlobe usually purple ; spur conical, subclavate or subacute ; column rather slender. Capsule | in., ellipsoid. — The lip of £". hemileuca is rather tubercled than spinulose. 14. Zi. stenopetala, JJndl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 26 ; scape- sheaths loose, bracts longer than the ovaries, raceme few-fld., sepals | in. linear- oblong 5-nerved, petals lanceolate acuminate 3-nerved, lip broadly cuneate, side lobes rounded much larger than the suborbicular crisped midlobe, disk with 3 nerves tubercled between the side lobes and on the midlobe. Bhotan Himalaya ; dry hills at Punaka, Oriffith. Scape 12-18 in., slender; sheaths obtuse; bracts ^-f in.; lip as long as the sepals, spur clavellate. — Specimens indifferent. Very near S. campestris, but the lip is much broader and side lobes more spreading. 15. E. decipiens, Gfrijf. in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. xlvii. 155, 1. 13, f. 8-12 ; flowers secund, bracts minute, sepals and petals \ in. linear hardly falcate acute 5-nerved, lip obovate concave 3-lobed above the middle, midlobe much the largest, margin crisped, disk 5-nerved at the base, 10-13- nerved in the middle of which 4-5 form fleshy fibres on the midlobe, spur short slender saccate. NicoBAE Islands ; at Kamorta, Kurz. Scape 2-3 ft. j root tuberous ; sheaths small, lanceolate. Leaves not seen. Raceme 3-4 in. ; pedicel with ovary \-\ in.; sepals and petals white; spur ^ in. — " Closely resembles Pachystoma senile, but pollinia of Eulophia" I have seen no specimens. 16. S. densiflora^ Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 25 ; scape robust, bracts shorter than the ovaries, sepals 1-1^ in. narrowly oblanceolate acuminate, petals narrower, lip obovate-oblong, side lobes small rounded, midlobe orbicular, disk with 3 lamelliform nerves which are crenate or interrupted from the middle to near the apex, spur long slender. SiKKiM Himalaya ; at the foot of the hills, J. D. R. Bhotan, Orlfith. Scape 1-3 ft., from a depressed tuber ; lower sheaths obtuse, upper acuminate ; raceme many -fid. ; flowers secund, deflexed, very narrow ; column short. — The long narrow flowers are very characteristic of this species. 17. E. burmanica, Hook. f. ; scape robust, sheaths short loose, raceme many- and dense-fld., bracts filiform equalling the ovary, sepals i in. oblong obtuse many-nerved, petals narrower 3-nerved, lip cuneately obovate, side lobes short rounded, midlobe small ovate, disk with 2 carun- culate nerves. Upper Burma ; Bhamo, Qrifith. Tuher or base of scape oblong. Scape 14 in.; sheaths 1 in. ; raceme 4 in. ; bracts ^-i in., almost capillary, reflexed; pedicel with ovary as long ; spur conical ; column short ; pollinia globose. — A remarkable species, of which there is but one very bad specimen, with twisted scape ; it is possibly near E. macrohulhon. Sect. II. Cyrtopera. Co^i^mw produced into a foot. * Lateral sepals inserted on the spur of the lip {see also C. explanata). 18. E. nuda, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7371; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 180 ; tall, raceme elongate many-fld., bracts various, flowers large green 6 CfXLViii. orchidej:. (J. D. Hooker.) [^EulopTiia. or pnrple, sepals linear-oblong acute, petals shorter elliptic-oblong many- nerved, lip obovate-oblong obtuse, side lobes obscure, midlobe rounded or retuse crisped, disk crested with many crenulate or tubercled nerves. E. bicolor, Dalz. in Kooh. Kew Journ. Bot. iii. (1857) 343 ; Balz, Sf Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 264 ; Whip. Ann. vi. 647. Cyrtopera fusca, Wight Ic. t. 1690 ; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 31 ; Thwaites JEnum. 429 ; Walp. I. c. 668. C. plicata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7362 ; Gen. ^ Sf). Orchid. 190. C. nuda, Reichb.f. in Flora 1872, 274. 0. G-ardneri, Thwaites Fnum. 302. C. myso- rensis, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 32. C. laxiflora, Gardn. mss. Dipodium Roniayte & plicatum, Herb. Ham. — ? Bheede Hart. Malab. xii. t. 26. Teopical Himalaya, from Nepal eastwards, Assam, the Khasia Hills, MuNNiPOBB, Pegu and Tekasseeim. Uppee Burma {Eerl. Hart. Calcut.). The Deccan Peninsula ; from the Concan southwards. Ceylon j in the Central Province. Tuber large. Leaves 10-14 in., elliptic-lanceolate, very variable in breadth. Scape 1-3 ft., stout ; sheaths appressed ; bracts rarely equalling the ovary ; sepals 1 in.; mentum rounded or conical; lip shorter than the sepals. Ca macrorhizoiij Sook.f. ; scape robust, raceme lax-fld., bracts long slender, sepals lanceolate acuminate and shorter obovate petals many- nerved, lip broad obtusely 3-lobed many-nerved, 3 median nerves tubercled, disk of mid- and side-lobes rough, spur conical. Sikkim Himalaya; at Ryang, alt. 2000 ft., Kin^ (in Serb. Caleutt.). BootstocTc elongate, as thick as the thumb, ringed. Leaves not seen. Scape 8-12 in., sheaths 3-4, loose, obtuse ; raceme 2-4 in. j bracts ^f in., about equalling the ovary ; flowers 1 in. diam., reddish sepals adnate to the foot of the column but free of the spur of the lip ; lip much phnrter than the sepals, nerves slender, con- 8 oxLviii. OROHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Eulophia. tracted above the broad rounded base, then dilating into the rounded side lobes, margins of midlobe crisped and orenate. 25. z:> sangruinea. Hook. f. ; flowers large, sepals ovate-lanceolate acuminate, petals shorter elliptic apiculate many-nerved, lip short, side lobes rounded, midlobe orbicular or ovate, disk with many crenulate nerves. Cyrtopera sanguinea, Lindl, in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 32 ; Bot. M.ag. t. 6161. SiZKiM and Bhotan Himalaya, alt. 2-5000 ft., J. D. H., &c. Khasia Hills, alt. 5000 ft., Mann. Flowering before leafing. Scape 6-10 in., stout ; sheaths loose. Raceme 6-12-fld. ; bracts slender, about equalling the ovaries ; flowers 1| in. diam. j disk red purplish or brown ; lip white, pink or green ; spur large, broad, obtuse ; petals (always ?) with an apiculate notch at the apex j top of anther obscurely notched, pollinia ovoid. — Leaves unknown. 26. E. andamanensis, Reichh. f. in Flwa 1872, 276; raceme lax-fid., bracts short, sepals linear-lanceolate 3-5-nerved acuminate, petals rather broader obtuse 3-nerved, side lobes of lip obtuse, midlobe large broadly clawed orbicular crisped retuse, disk with the 3 median nerves thickened between the side lobes, all other nerves thick divaricating and much branched. Tenassebim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Andaman Islands, Kurz. Stem at the base tuberous, with thick roots. Leaves short during flowering, linear-lanceolate. Scape 1-2 ft. ; sheaths short ; bracts shorter than the pedicels ; sepals f in. long ; lip shorter than the sepals, white with green edges and nerves ; spur conic, obtuse ; anther 2-tubercled. — This much resembles E.virentt, but the leaves are much broader, and the column produced into a foot. species unknown to me. Ctrtopeea eufa, Thwaites Enum. 302 ; rootstock tuberous, leaves not seen, scape 2 ft. reddish, sheaths 3 distant, bracts narrowly lanceolate equaUing the ovary, flowers rufous 2 in. diam., sepals oblong-lanceolate acute rather longer than the obovate acute petals, lip cucullate, nerves within pilose, side lobes obtuse, midlobe as long rounded apiculate, spur short obtuse, column linear slightly contracted in the middle, capsule 2i in. long oblong. — Ceylon, at Hantani, alt. 3000 ft., Thwaites (C.P. 3566). E. atro-vibens, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 183, described by Lindley from a drawing made for Wallich in the Calcutta Garden, and hence supposed to be a native of India, is a Mauritian species, E. monophylla, Spens. Moore in Baker's Flora of the Mauritius, p. 360 (where it is erroneously confounded with the Brazihan E. maculata). Eulophia sp., Trimen Cat. PI. Ceyl. 89 (C.P. 3958). Not named or described. I fail to recognize the i'oWovfmg Eulophias described in Griffith's Notula?, vol. iii. p. 162, and Ic. PI. Asiat. t. 285, f . 2 ; p. 263 and t. 285, f. 2 ; p. 266 and t. 285, f. 3 ; p. 350 and t. 351 B, f. 14. 40. CITBIBIDZUBI, Stvartz. Epiphytes, rarely terrestrial ; stem very short, rarely elongate and pseudobulbous ; roots tufted. Leaves very long, narrow and coriaceous, rarely short. Scape loosely sheathed ; flowers often large in suberect or drooping racemes. Sepals and subequal petals free, erect or spreading. Lip sessile at the base of the column and embracing it upward*, base Cymhidium.'] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 9 concave, side lobes erect, midlobe recurved ; disk with usually 2 pubes- cent median ridges. Column long, foot 0 ; anther 1- or imperfectly 2-celled ; pollinia 2 deeply grooved or 4, subglobose or pyramidal, sessile on the broad strap or gland. — ^Species about 30, tropical and subtropical, on the Mountains of Asia, with a few African and Australian. * Leaves rudimentary or 0 at flowering time. 1. C. macrorhizon, Lindl. Gen.Sf Sp. Orchid. 162; terrestrial, root- stock creeping branched, bracts narrow membranous. N.W. India, Eoyle, Falconer. Khasia Hills, alt. 5-6000 ft., Looh, &c. ; Naga Hills (ileri. Calcutt.). Rootstock as thick as a goose-quill, branched. Scape very short, with the raceme 6-9 in., ascending, 6-8-fld. ; basal sheaths short, or elongating to 2 in. and narrowly subfoliaceous ; bracts \-\ in,, narrow, membranous; pedicel with ovary 1 in. ; flower 1^-lf in. broad, sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate, and rather broader petals white or pale yellowish with pink striae ; lip white spotted with crimson, side lobes narrow, midlobe ovate obtuse, disk with 2 thick ridges between the side lobes; anther papillose ; pollinia 4, subhemispheric. — A remarkable species, a parasite according to Clarke. Lindley describes the rootstock as jointed, and the ridges of the lip as arcuate. 2. C. sikkiznensej HooTc. f. ; epiphytic, bracts minute triangular- ovate. SiKKiM Himalaya ; Lachen Valley, alt. 6000 ft., J. D. S. Rootstock very stout. Scape with many obtuse basal sheaths 2-3 in. long, those higher up 1 in. long ; raceme 4-8 in., more or less decurved, rather stout, 20-30-fld. ; bracts a in. ; pedicel with ovary |-| in. ; dorsal sepal linear-oblong, obtuse ; lateral lanceolate, acute, subfalcate ; petals elliptic, acute ; lip as broad as long, rhombic-ovate, side lobes obscure rounded, narrowed into the very short ovate mid- lobe, disk without ridges but with 2 obscure rounded calli. — A very distinct species, overlooked by Lindley when studying my Sikkim Orchids, and mixed up with C. aloifolium, ** Leaves elliptic-lanceolate. 3. C. lancifolium, Mook Exot. Fl. t. 51 ; leaves long-petioled plicate, scape shorter than the leaves few-fld., bracts lanceolate shorter than the ovary, flowers long-pedicelled, disk of glabrous lip with two median lamellae between the side lobes. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 164 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. in. 80 ; Wall. Cat. 7351 ; Lodd. Lot. Cah. t. 927. 0. Gibsoni, Faxton Fl. Gard. iii. 618, fig. 301 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 623. C. javanicum, Blume Bijdr. 380; Lindl. I. c. 110.— Griff. Ic. Plant. Asiat, t. 300, fig. 1. SiJBTEOPiCAL Himalaya ; from Nepal to Mishrai. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-6000 ft., Oriffith, &(i. Peeak, alt. 2-4000 ft., Scortechini, &c.— Disteib. Java, China, Japan. Stem 2-6 in. , fleshy, fusiform ; sheaths ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; roots very long, thick and spongy. Leaves 6-10 in., petiole slender, sometimes as long. Scape nodding, 6-8-fld.; flowers 1^-2 in. diam. ; .sepals white, yellowish or greenish, lanceolate, acuminate ; petals rather broader, white with a pink midrib ; lip white spotted with red-purple, side lobes narrow, midlobe ovate obtuse. 4. C. tigrlnum. Parish in Pot. Mag. t. 5457 ; leaves short-petioled very coriaceous, scape with raceme longer than the leaves few-fld., bracts lanceolate shorter than the ovary, flower long-pedicelled, lip with 2 glabrous ridges on the disk between the side lobes. 10 cxLTiir. ORCniDEJi:. (J. D. Hookor.) {OymUdium, Tenassebim; on Mooloe-it, alt. (JOOOffc., Parish. Bukma; on the S'lam frontier, Berkeley, Fseudobulhs 1-1 J in., turgidly ovoid, top contracted. Xeave-* 8-5 in., recurved, petiole riirely 1 in. Scape suLeroct, with tho raceme G-8 in., 3-5-fld. ; sheaths few ; bracts snjall, ovate-lancoolate ; pedicel with ovary l-LJ in. ; flowers 2-2a in. diani. ; sepals linear, subacute, dull yellow-grcou ; petals subsimilar; lip narrowed at tho base, white spotted with red, side lobes rounded erect, midlobe oblon^r, tip rounded npiculate ; anther smooth ; poUiuia 3 angular, gland broadly t riangularly obtuse above, sides acute. 5. C. Devonlanum, Paxt. Mag. Bot. x. 97, cum ic. ; leaves stoutly petioled thickly coriaceous, petiole articulate, scape with raceme as long as the leaves drooping very many-Hd., bracts very small, pedicels very short, disk of lip with two short ridges with swollen tips between the side lobes. Warner Orchid. Alb. t. 170; lieichh.f.in Gard. Chron. 18SI, i. 395. SiKKiM Himalaya, Mann. Kiiasia Hills, Oihson; on KoUong rock, nit. 5000 It., J. B. E. Sf T. T. Stem very stout at tho base, obscurely psoudobulbous. Leaves several, 6-12 in., narrowed into a petiole 3-6 in. Scape very stout, 8-10 in. ; basal sheaths 1.^ in., imbricating; bracts ^ in. ; pedicel witli ovary .J-| in.; flowers IJ in. diam.; sepals oblong-lanceolate and petals green speckled with red, or pale reddish yellow streaked with red ; lip short, side lobes rounded narrowing into a small triangular ovate obtuse midlobe, purple with a darker blotch on each side lobe ; anther and pollen as in C. ehumeum, var. Parishii. Capsule 1| in., turgidly ellipsoid. — The flowers appear to vary extremely in colour. Reichenbach describes the sepals and petals as light brown with dull mauve streaks and blotches. In a specimen from Assam the tip of tho lip is white with purple spots. *** Leaves loriform, very long, tip broadly unequally 2.1obed. f). C. alolfollum, Swartz in Nov. Act. Upsal. vi. 73; in Schrad. Journ. Bot. 1779, ii. 218 ; racemes elongate pendulous or decurved many-fld., flowers 1^-2 in. broad, sepals and petals linear-oblong subacute, epichile broadly oblong or suborbicular equalling or shorter than the hypochile, disk with 2 curved thick lamella). Roxh. Fl. Ind. iii. 458 ; Lindl. Gen. ff Sp. Orchid. 165; Wall. Cat. 7352 C; Walp. Ann. vi. 624 {cxcl. Ic. Wight). 0. pendulum, Swartz^ Sf Lindl. II. c. ; Walp. I. c. (excl. cit. Bot. Reg.) ; Roxh. Cor. PI. i. 35, t. 44; Fl. Ind. iii. 458. 0. crassi folium, Wall. Cat. 7357. €. Mannii, Reichb. f. in Flora 1872, 274. Epidendrum aloi- folium, Linn. 8p. PL 953. ^Erides Borassi, Smith in Rees Cyclop. Suppl. — Rheede Hort. Mai. xii. t. 8. Tropical Himalaya, from East Nepal eastwards. Assam and southwards to Tenasseeim and the Andaman Islands. (? Malabar, Rheede.) — Distrib. China? Stem short, stout. Leaves 1-3 ft. by |-2 in. Raceme 12-18 in. ; flowers variable iu colour and size, usually dull purplish brown with pale borders. — I am much puzzled with this and the following species, which appear to diller, in so far as all njy copious materials show, only in tho comparative length of tho epichile and hypochile of their lips, and in their geographical ranges, aloifolitim being strictly northern and eastern, and hicolor as strictly western. These characters would be absolute wore it not that Rhcedo's figure of the Malabar plant has the lip of aloifoUum. According to drawings in Herb. Kew and Calcutta, C. aloifolium is very variable in other respects, and three varieties are distinguishable. 1. llacemes shorter suberect fewor-fld., sepals and petals obtuse dull purple with yellowish pale nuirgins. This exactly resembles the Chinese ? C. aloifolium, Lodd. Hot. Cat. t. 9(>7 ; J acq. Hort. Schoenb. iii. 09, t. 3H3.— 2. Flowers larger, sepals and petal sub- Gymhidinm.'] cxLvrir. oncFnDBvf?. (J. D. Hooker.) 11 acute bordered with white, lip yellowish streaked with red — all as described by Rheede. — 3, Swartz's C. pendulum, which he says is too near C. aloifoUum ; flowers small or large, sepals and petals pale dirty yellow or greenish with a more or less broad dirty purple centre, lip streaked with red. To this belongs Wallich's C. crass'i folium with pale flowers. — Lindley distinguishes C. pendulum from alvifolium chiefly by the lamella) of the lip of the former being interrupted clavate and arched behind, and of the latter continuous, approximate, confluent at their tips. Thwaites gives aloifoUum as a native of Ceylon (Jaff'na, Gardner), but as he cites Wight's Ic, no doubt hicolor is intended. Lindley's aloifoUum of Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 27 includes this, hicolor and siklcimense. Reichenbach's description of C. Mannii is that of aloifoUum, of which there are specimens in Mann's Herb, (kindly lent to me) ; as to his habitat of " Obres," Mr. Mann informs me he knows of no such place. 7. C. bicolor, Lindl. Gen. 8f Sp. 164 ; characters of C. aloifoUum, but epichile longer than the hypochile ovate-oblong narrowed towards the tip. C. aloifolium, Wight Ic. t. 1687-8 ; Dalz. (Sf Gihs. Bomh. Ft. 266 ; Thwaitea Enum. 308. ? C. erectum, Wight Ic. 1. 1753. Epidendrum aloifolium, Bat. Mag. t. 387. The Deccan Peninsula, from the Concan southwards, and Ceylon. For remarks on this see under C. aloifolium, from which Lindley distinguishes it chiefly by the saccate base of the lip and sigmoidly curved clavate lamella), which are interrupted in the middle and callous at the base, and the smaller differently coloured flowers, none of which characters appear to me to be satisfactory. He cites the Javanese C. aloifolium, Blume Bijdr. t. 19,. for it. — Wight's figure of C. erectum from the lyamallay Hills, which has an erect raceme, and flowers nearly 2 in. diam., is, I have little doubt, an exaggeration ; the sepals described as obtuse are figured as acute. The only lyamallay Cymbidium in his herbarium is much smaller flowered, and true bicolor. 8. C. Finlaysonlanum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7358 ; Gen. <^ Sp. Orchid. 164 ; habit, foliage, inflorescence and bracts of C. aloifolium, but flowerH larger, 2^ in. diam., midlobe of lip oblong contracted at the base, ridges on disk straight continuous or interrupted. C. Wallichii, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. 165. 0. aloifolium, Wall. Cat. 7352 A, B. 0. pendulum, Bot. Beg. 1840, t. 25 {excl. syn.). C. pendulum, var. brevilabris, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. XXX. t. 24. 0. tricolor, Miq. Choicr, t. 19. Penang, Porter, Curtis. Singapore, Sort. Loddiges. Leaves 1-2 ft. by f-l| in. Raceme 2-3 ft., slender ; basal sheaths short, inflated ; flowers 1-2 in. apart; sepals and petals subequal, linear-lanceolate, acute or obtuse, dull yellow ; lip not saccate, side lobes acute, streaked with red, midlobe white, red- purple towards the tip. 9. C. pubescens, Xmc?^. m Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. 75; 1841, t. 38; leaves 1-2 ft. by \ in. obtuse, scape short naked decurved, raceme short pendulous 6-10-fld,, flowers 1-1^ in. broad, sepals and petals linear obtuse, lip pubescent, hypochile saccate, disk with thick arched lamella), side lobes acute, midlobe as long as the hypochile ovate-oblong obtuse. Singapore, Cuming {Hort. Loddiges). Distkib. Borneo (Ic. in Herb. Kew). A much smaller plant with narrower leaves, shorter racemes, and fewer flowers than any other of this section. Sepals and petals similar, dark purple with a yellow or green margin ; lip yellow with a broad band of red-purple, or red-purple within the margin of the midlobe. **** Leaves linear or elongate linear-lanceolate acute or acuminate. t Bracts very small. 10. C. eburneum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1847, t. 67 ; in Journ. Linn. 12 cxLViii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [CymhicUum. SoG. iii. 28 ; scape suberect 2-3-fld- sheathed to the top, flowers 4-5 in. diam. white, hypochile of lip with a very thick 3-5-grooved pubescent golden ridge. Bot. Mag. t. 5126 ; Paxt. Mag. Bot. xv. t. 145 ; Warner Sel. Orchid, t. 21 ; Jennings Orchid, t. 16 ; Gartenji. 1880, 1. 155 ; Orchidopli. 1882, 297; Wien. III. Gartenz. 1887, t. 7, 8; Gard. CA^o;*. 1882, i. 496, f. 78; 1884, ii. 77, f. 17. C. syringodorum. Griff. Notul. iii. 338. Eastern Himalaya; Nepal {Ic. in Serb. Kew). Sikkim, alt. 1000 ft., Clarice. Khasia Mts., alt. 5000 ft., Griffith, &c. Leaves 12-24 by |-f in., acute or acutely 2-fid. /Scape 8-12 in. ; sheaths equitant, erect, lanceolate, finely acuminate; bracts acuminate ; pedicel with ovary 1^-2 in. ; flowers very odorous ; sepals very variable in breadth ; petals subfalcate ; side lobes of lip narrow, obtuse, midlobe small, short, undulately crenate, dark yellow. Var. Farishii ; leaves broader, lip blotched with dark purple or crimson. C. Parishii, Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. ISoe. xxx. 144 ; Xen. Orchid, iii. 55, t. 224 (vert/ had); in Gard. Chron. 1874, i. 338, 566; 1878, ii. 74; Warner Orchid. Alb. t.25.— Tenasserim, on Nat-toung, alt. 5000 ft., Parish. — Reichenbach distinguishes this by the callus of the lip having no velvety line, by the spots on the lip, and by acute setiferous angles" of the pollinia. The sepals and petals are very much narrower than in Warner's figure. Var. Williamsiana, Reichb. f. in. Gard. Chron. 1881, i. 530, has the midlobe and sides of the lip light purple and column light rose-cold. Var. Day ana ; leaves 4 ft. by \ in. corky beneath, flowers yellow white with purple streaks. C. Dayanum, Beichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, 710.' — Assam (Hart. Day). — I have not seen this. 11. C. grrandiflorum, Griff. Notul. iii. 342; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 321 ; leaves 8-24 by |-1 in., scape very robust decurved, sheaths lax, raceme 6-12-fld., flowers 3-4 in. diam., sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate acute green, lip yellowish pubescent and ciliate, midlobe large suborbicular waved and crenate blotched or speckled with red. 'C. Hookerianum, Beichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1866, 7; Batem. in Bot. Mag. t. 5574. 0. gigauteum, in part, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 29. — Cymbidium sp., Griffi. Itin. Notes 145, No. 698. Eastern Himalaya ; East Nepal, Sikkim and Bhotan, alt. 5-7500 ft., Griffith, &c. Leaf-sheaths 2-8 in., deeply ribbed and grooved. Scape 12-18 in.; lower sheaths short, obtuse, upper 4 in., acute; racemes 10-18 in., drooping; bracts very small; flowers fleshy, sweet-scented ; dorsal sepal incurved, lateral recurved ; lip with 2 hairy ridges on the disk between the side lobes. 12. C. g-igranteum, Wall. Cat. 7355; leaves 1-2 ft. by f-l| in. elongate lanceolate acuminate, scape very robust 6-12-fld., decurved or suberect, flowers 2-2| in. diam., sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate acute green streaked with red, lip yellow blotched with purple pubescent and ciliate all over, midlobe large orbicular waved. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 163 ; Sert. Orchid, t. 4; Bot. Mag. t. 4844; Paxt. Mag. Bot. 241, and Fl. Gard. ii. 14, f. 143 {flower) ; Warner Orchid. Alb. vi. t, 284 ; Griffi Notul. iii. 341 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 626. Iridiorchis gigantea, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 91, t. 26. Limodorum longifolium, Ic. Hamilt. {fid. Lindl.). Tropical Himalaya ; from Kumaon, ascending to 4000 ft. eastwards to Bhotan and the Khasia Mts., alt. to 4-5000 ft. Habit of C. grandijiorum and leaves nearly as broad, but flowers smaller and differently coloured. — Blume founds the genus Iridiorchis on the protuberant base of the column forming a small sac, a character not shown in his analysis, and which I do not find in drawings on dried specimens. There are drawings of several varieties of Cymhidium.'] cxlviii. orohide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 13 this in Herb. Kew and Calcutta, varying much in the depth of colouring of the flowers. The veins of the lip are very strong, arched and purple on the broad hypo- chile, which has 2 central hairy ridges, villous and diverging, and again meeting at the base of the epichile. Var. ? Lowiana, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1887, i. 681 ; leaves 2-3 ft. by |-| in., finely acuminate, side lobes of lip pale yellow green, midlobe dark purple with golden margins. C. Lowianum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, 332, 405, f. 56 ; Floral Mag. N. S. t. 353 ; Berlin Qartenz. 1885, t. 73 ; Orchidoph. 1882, 321 j 1885, 145.— Burma, Boxall (HoH. Low). — Perhaps a distinct species; the leaves are more like those of C. longifolium. The racemes attain 5 ft. in length, the very numerous flowers vary in colour, and the lip in breadth. 13. C. longrifolium, Don Prodr. 36 ; leaves 2-3 ft. by i-| in. nar- rowly linear finely acuminate, scape suberect or decurved many-fld., flowers 2-2|^ in. diam., sepals and petals linear-oblong or -lanceolate acute greenish streaked with red or purple, lip papillose within not ciliate, midlobe broadly ovate or orbicular white or yellowish spotted with red. Lindl. Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 163; in Journ. Linn. Sac. iii. 29; Reichh.f. in Gard. Chron. 1874, 14. C. erythraeum, Lindl. I. c. 30, Limodoram augustifolium, Herh. Sam. {ex Lindl. Gen. Sf Sj).) . Subtropical Himalaya, alt. 5-6000 ft., from Kumaon, BlinJcworth, eastwards. Khasia Mts., common. Resembles C. giganteum, but the leaves are very narrow, flowers smaller, and their colouring difierent. The lip is similar in shape, in the strong purple nerves, and pubescent ridges. Lindley's C. erythrosum is founded on a drawing of mine of the flowers and fruit of a plant gathered in Sikkim, but of which I preserved no specimens ; it has a small golden midlobe of the very narrow lip, but it otherwise does not seem to difi'er from longifolium, to which the specimens of ert/thrcsum in Lindley's Herbarium certainly belong. ft Bracts large^ lanceolate or cymhiform. 14. C. cyperifolium, Wall. Cat. 7353 ; leaves 2-3 ft. by ^-| in., scape erect few-fld., bracts very slender equalling or exceeding the ovary, sepals and petals linear-lanceolate acute pale green and yellow streaked with red, lip narrow glabrous, greenish or white spotted with red. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 163 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 28. C. haematodes, Lindl. Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 162. 0. viridiflorum. Griff. Itin. Notes 126, No. 454. Cyperorchis ? Wallichii, Blume Orchid. Archipel. Ind. 92. Limodorum longifolium, Hoxb. Fl. Lnd. iii. 468. SuBTEOPiCAL Himalaya; from Garwhal, alt. 5000 ft., Edgeworth, eastwards. The Khasia, Na&a and Munnipoee Hills, alt. 3500-6500 ft. Leaves rigid, often petioled. Scape shorter than the leaves, slender ; sheaths ^-2 in., distant; flowers 4-7, distant, sweet-scented ; lip. pubescent within ; pollinia 4, broadly oblong, plano-convex, each pair of a large and small placed face to face. The Roxburghian figure of X. Zowgri/forMm, from the Khasia Hills, agrees in every respect except that the flowers are rose-cold. ; it is descinbed in the Flora Indica as having a fusiform bulb and calcarate lip ; in the drawing the bulb is the caudex denuded of leaves, and there is no trace of a spur ; the bracts, which in the drawing are \\-2, in. long, are undescribed. The species approaches Cyperorchis, difiering in habit. Lindley gives Ceylon, Macrae, as a habitat for his C. hcematodes (which is certainly cyperifolium), probably through the same error as afiects other plants attributed by him to that country and collector. 15. p. ensifoliuxn, Swartz in Nov. Act. Upsal. vi. 77 ; leaves 2-3 ft., by f-1' in. sessile or petioled ensiformly lanceolate, bracts shorter than the 14 cxLviii. oRCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Cvmbidium, ovary, sepals and petals lanceolate acute green streaked with red, lip glabrous wkite or yellowish spotted with brown or red. Willd. 8p. PI. iv. 112 ; Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 162 ; JBot. Beg. t. 1976 (var. estriata) ; Bot. Mag. t. 1751. C. sinense, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 30 (? Willd.). Epidendrum ensifolium, Linn. Sp. PI. 90; Smith Spicileg. Bot. 22, t. 24; ? Bot. jRepos. t. 344. Limodorum ensatum, Thunh. Fl. Jap. 29 ; Kcempf. Ic. t. 3. SiKKiM Himalaya; iu the Terai. Khasia Hills, alt. 2-4000 ft., J. B. U. 4* T. T., &c. Ceylon; in the Central Province, Thwaites. — Bistrib. China, Japan. The Khasia plant agrees very well with Kcempfer's figure, which alone repre- sents the leaves as narrowed into a long petiole. In the Bot. Repos. the leaves are only a span long and quite sessile. The Bot. Mag. representsa very small plant with spotted lip. The Ceylon ensifolium has broader inflated lanceolate bracts. The Sikkim specimen has sessile leaves, many flowers, and a white lip with pale brown bars along the margin of the midlobe (much as in the Bot. Reg. figure) and no spots. I doubt G. sinense difiering from ensifolium. Lindley would combine them. doubtful and excluded species. C. ASSAMicuM, Linden Cat. 1863 {name only), ex III. Hortic. xxviii. (1881) 95. C. CARNOSUM, Qriff. Notul. iii. 339, is probably a Eulophia. C. CHLOEANTHUM, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1843, Misc. 68 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 29; Bot. Mag. t. 4907, is C. variciferum, Beichb.f. in Bonpland. 1854, 91, an Australian species. C. ibidioides, Bon Prodr. 36, from Nepal, Wallich^ doubtfully referred by Lindley to C. giganteum, is probably a Coelogyne. CiMBiD. sp., Grijf. Notul. iii. 343 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 319, is Tainia latijoUa. The reference is omitted at vol. v. p. 820. 41. CVPERORCKZS, Blume. Habit, foliage and inflorescence of Cymbidium, but racemes dense-fld., perianth segments narrow and connivent below the middle or higher, lip nearly straight, erect, epichile small and very much shorter than the elongate hypochile, and poUinia usually pyriform on a short subquadrate gland. — Species 3, all Indian. Except by the narrow lip, long hypochile, and small usually orbicular epichile (or midlobe), it is not easy to separate this genus from Cymlidium, for the poUinia vary much in form in both genera, and Gyp. Mastersii resembles very much Cymh. eburneum. 1. C. eleg'anSj Blume Eumph. iv. t. 47 ; Orchid. Archip. Ind. 93, t. 48 C ; raceme elongate, flowers 1-1| in. long straw-cold, or white, lip sparsely hairy towards the base, central ridges terminating below in 2 long pubescent calli, capsule 1 in. Bot. Mag. t. 7007. Cymbidium elegans, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7364 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 163 ; Sert. Orchid, t. 14; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 28 ; Eeichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1875, i. 429. C. densiflorum. Griff. Notul. iii. 337 (the Myrung plant only). Subtropical Himalaya, alt. 4-7000 ft., from Nepal to Bhotan. Khasia Mts. and MUNNIPORE, alt. 4-6000 ft. Leaves l\-2 ft. by -i-1 in. Scape 6-18 in., curved, densely clothed with imbri- cating compressed lanceoiute acuminate sheaths 2-5 in. long; raceme pendulous, 4-8 in. long ; rachis slender ; flowers densely imbricate, inodorous ; bracts small, membranous, acute ; sepals and petals linear-oblong, acute, tips concave ; lip as long as the petals, very slightly recurved ; hypochile narrowly cuneate, side lobes spread- ing, broadly oblong, obtuse, nearly as long as the suborbicular or obcordate undulate midlobe; column very slender, base hairy iu front. Capsule turgidly ellipsoid. — Gfjperorchis.] cxlviij. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.} 15 In Griffith's Herb, this is named C. syringodorum, doubtless through a misplace- ment of labels (see C. eburneum, p. 12). In Herb. Calcutt. there are drawings of 3 forms apparently of this : — 1. raceme laxer-flovvered, flowers larger nearly white flushed with pale pink, lip not represented; 2, leaves 12-18 in., scape stout, sheaths distant, 2 in. long, and raceme inclined, flowers few, secund, drooping, pale yellow-green, lip yellow, no ridges shown; 3, a smaller plant, leaves 9 in., scape 7 in., densely clothed with imbricating sheaths 3 in. long ; raceme suberect, secund, 5-fld. ; flowers yellowish, 1| in. long : this last is named Cyrnbid. elegans, var. lutescens. 2. C. IWastersiij Benth. inJourn. Linn. Soc. xviii. 318 ; raceme short, flowers 2 in. long white, lip quite glabrous purple spotted, central ridge evanescent below, column glabrous, capsule 2 in. long. Cymbidium Mas- tersii, Griff, mss. ex Lindl. in Bot. Beg. 1845, t. 50 ; in Gard. Gliron. 1845, 643 ; Taxt. Fl. Gard. t. 78 ; Floral Mar/. N. S. t. 391 ; Jard. Fleur. t. 289 ; Reichenhachia, t. 66. C. micromeron, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 29 {excl. lip). ? C. affine, Griff. Notul. iii. 336 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 291, f. 3; Lindl. I. c. 28. Assam, Mann. Khasia Mts., alt. 4-5000 ft., Griffith, &c. Habit and foliage of C. elegans, but raceme very short, decurved at the top, flowers larger, always white with a little red on the lip and smelling of almonds, lip broader, without the basal calli and quite glabrous ; column stouter and pollinia broader; capsule very much larger. — It is not easy in the case of indiflerent dried specimens to distinguish this from Cgmhid. eburneum except by the smaller flower. Lindley's Gynibid. micromeron consists of a flowering and fruiting speci- men of this, together with the loose lip and column of a.' Co&logyne, from which the specific character is drawn. The same author, referring to Griffith's descrip- tion of C. affine (from Churra), to that of G. densiflorum from Myrung, and of another species from Surureem (all in the Khasia Mts.), observes, " It is impos- sible to reconcile the statements made for Griffith by his editor, without assuming that some confusion has taken place." To this confusion Lindley has added by transferring the name affine, Griff"., from the Churra to the Surureem plant. Gf the three the only one certainly recognizable by the description is G. densijiorum, which is certainly CyperorcTiis elegans (1 have gathered it at Myrung). C. affine and the unnamed one, having white flowers, are both probably C. Mastersii, a name which Griffith's ajine would have superseded, had he really given it; but on referring to his mss. preserved at Kew, 1 find no such name, Griffith's description being headed "Coelog. affine," meaning simply that it is a plant allied to Goeloggne, and the Churra plant is so ticketed by himself in both his own herbarium (at Kew) and in Lindley's, to whom he sent a specimen. No doubt the error was the editor's, who replaced Cczlog. by Cgmhidium. The name of Mastersii is an mss. one of Griffith's given to cultivated specimens which he sent from the Calcutta Gardens to the Royal Horticultural Society. C. offine, Warner Orchid. Alb. t. 14.0 ; Floral Mag. N. S.'t. 346, is certainly not the plant described and figured under that name by Griffith ; it has widely spreading sepals and petals, and the lip of a true Gymbidium. 3. C- cochleare, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 318; raceme elongate, sepals and petals very narrow, flowers 2 in. long, greenish brown, lip glabrous, median ridge strong 2-fid or spathulate at the tip vanishing downwards, column very slender glabrous, pollen pyriform, capsule 1| in. long. Cymbidium cochleare, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 28. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 4-6000 ft., J. D. H., &c. Khasia Hills, alt. 5-6000 ft., Ctorfce ; at Myrung, 6?rj^^A. Tezpore in Assam, Maww. Leaves 2-3 ft. by |-^ in. Scape 12-18 in., very slender ; sheaths 3-4 in!, lax ; sepals and revolute petals browiiish green ; lip yellow speckled with red, midlobe suborbicular, golden-yellow. 16 cxLViii. OROHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Cremasfra. 41/1. CREBIASTRA, Lindl. A terrestrial herb ; rootstock tuberous. Leaves radical, elliptic, plicate. Scape solitary, stout, sheatbed. Flowers in secund racemes, pendulous. Sepals and. petals very long, narrow, connivent in a tube below, lanceolate acuminate and spreading and recurved above. Lip adnate to the base of the column, erect, linear, base subsaccate, tip dilated 3-lobed, lobes linear, disk with a tongue-shaped appendage. Column very long, slender, straight, top dilated 3-lobed ; anther shortly stipitate, 1-celled ; poUinia 4, ovoid, compressed, caudicle and gland membranous. C. Wallichiana, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 172 ; Franch. Sf Savat. Enum. PI. Jap. ii. 24. Hyacinthorchis variabilis, Bluine Cent. Plant. Nov. 1829, 4; Mus. Bot. 48, fig. 16; JValp. Ann. in. 628. Temperate Himalaya ; Nepal, WallicJi. Sikkim, alt. 5-7500 ft., J. D. H., &c. — DiSTRiB. Japan. Tuber the size of a chestnut. Leaves 6-10 by 2-2| in., subsessile or petioled. Scape with raceme 1-2 ft. ; sheaths long, loose ; flowers 1^ in. long, narrow, purple ; pedicels short ; bracts linear. — I find no evidence of Blume's " Centuria " over having been published, or even printed ; if it was so, his name has priority. 42. aSODORUM, JacJcson. Terrestrial herbs, rootstock tuberous hypogeal. Leaves elliptic, acute, plicate. Scape from the rootstock, stout, erect, sheathed, shorter than the leaves ; flowers crowded in decurved racemes, bracts narrow membranous. Sepals and broader petals conniving or spreading. Lip sessile on the base or short foot of the column, cymbiform, membranous, margins involute, disk with or without ridges ending in calli, and with a forked b sal callus. Column short, stout ; anthers 2, cells, appendaged after dehiscence by the persistent detached faces of the cells ; pollinia 2, broad f oveolate sessile or subsessile on a broad strap or gland. — Species 6-8? Indian, Malayan and Australian. I am unable to define the species from Herbarium specimens, or to reduce to any system the descriptions and drawings of Roxburgh, Brown, Lindley and Griftith. The following descriptions are provisional only. I have spent days to no purpose in endeavours to improve on it by the analysis of specimens. 1. G-. purpureum, Br. in Sort. Kew, Ed. 2, v. 207 {Char, reform.) ; usually tall, leaves at length petioled, sepals linear-oblong acute 3-nerved, petals rather broader obovate-oblong apiculate 5-nerved, lip subpanduri- formly oblong, tip dilated 2-lobed, disk with a broad channelled ridge ending in rased calli or a crenate callus. Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 175 ; Balz. &f Gils. Bomb. Fl. 266. G. dilatatum, Wall. Cat. 7370. Limodorum nutans, Poxh. Cor. PI. i. t. 40 ; Fl. Lnd. iii. 470 (descr. and jig. in both erro- neous). Malaxis nutans, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 93. Tropical Himalaya, from Nepal eastwards ; Bengal, Assam, Burma, &c. Deccan Peninsula and Ceylon. — Distrib. Malay Islands, Australia ? Brown's G. purpureum was founded on Roxburgh's drawing o^ Limodorum nutans, a native of the Circars, but of which no specimen is recorded to exist. It is repre- sented and described as having the scape longer than the leaves, a lax-fld. raceme, and an acute lip ; characters not hitherto found in any Geodorum. But if it be allowed that the elongate scape and lax-flowered raceme are due to the lengthening Geodorum.] cxlviii. orchtde^. (J. D. Hooker.) 17 of the axis of the scape after flowering, and that the appearance of an acute Up is due to the infolding of its margins towards the apex, then the G. jpurpureum is the commonest and widest-distributed Indian species. Dalzell and Gibson alone identify a plant with G. purpureum, Br., and I have examined authentic specimens of it, which they did not, for they give Brown's characters for the species, whilst those of their specimens are what I have given above. G. purpureum is the tallest and largest-leaved Indian species ; its flowers vary from white veined with red-purple to pale purple with stronger veins. 2. G-. dilatatum, Br. in Hort. Kew, Ed. 2, v. 207 ; leaves usually sessile, sepals linear-oblong subacute 3-5-nerved, petals obovate-oblong 5-7-nerved, lip broadly cymbiform, tip dilated recurved crenulate or un- dulate, disk smooth or with granulate nerves ending in irregular small tu- bercles. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 175 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. 1. 1797 ; ? Wight If. t. 912. Limodorum recurvum, Roxh. Cor. PI. i., 33 t. 39; Fl.Ind. iii. 469. Malaxis cernua, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 93. Otandra cernua, Salisb. in Trans. Hort. Soc. i. 261. Assam, Silhet, Burma, the Deccan Peninsula and Ceylon {all more or less doubtful). If I am right in respect of this species, it differs from purpureum in its lower stature, broader petals and lip, the disk of which is smooth, granulate or subcar uncled. Wight's figure is probably an exaggeration of the flowers. Dalzell and Gibson describe it as a Concan plant, but I have seen no specimens so named by them. 3. Gr. candiduxn, Wall. Cat. 7374 ; flowers ascending or erect, sepals linear-oblong, petals almost orbicular 7-9-nerved, lip very broad narrowed upwards from the 2-crested dilated base, disk nearly naked, tip crenulate. Lindl. Fol. Orchid, {in part). G. attenuatum. Griff, in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. V. 358, t. 24. Burma, Griffith ; Tenasserim, at Moulmein, Wallich. Griffith further describes his 0. attenuatum (which is certainly the same as Wallich's candidum) as having a truncate spike, subequal sepals and petals (which they are not in his drawing in Herb. Calcutt.), inodorous white wide flowers, less spreading than usual, tip of lip concave, almost conduplicate, emarginate, crenate, disk with a callus, cohamn sprinkled with cellular pubescence below the stigma and along the broad nerves of the lip, and a very short column with a bidentate tooth on each side of the apex. — It is a very distinct species. A single specimen of G. citrinum is on the sheet with Wallich's specimens of this. 4. G-. citrinum, Jackson in Andrews' Bot. Rep. t. 626 ; flowers 1| in. diam. yellow, sepals and petals very broad acute, lip large oblong deeply saccate with an obtuse gibbosity or spur, more or less streaked with red or purple, disk nearly smooth yellow, tip rounded or emarginate. Lindl. Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 176 ; Fol. Orchid. 3 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2195 ; Wall. Cat. 7375 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 633. Chittagong, Wallich. Moulmein, Wallich, Parish. Penang (Ic. in Herb. Kew). The figure in the Bot. Repository represents a plant with bracts hardly exceeding the ovary, 4^5 pale yellow flowers 1| in. in diameter, a large saccate subcalcarate lip broadly oblong with recurved margins, emarginate tip, and yellow and faint purple markings on each side of the smooth disk. The Bot. Mag. plant has flowers as large, but pale green, the lip is similar but not emarginate, and is streaked with red nerves; the pedicels are much longer with the ovary 1;^ in. long, and there are many long bracts below, but not on, the raceme, where they are small. The G. citrinum, Jacks. ? of Wall. Cat. 7375 has the long bracts below the inflorescence of the Bot. Mag. plant, but very short pedicels and a smooth lip with incurved and then reflected margins. — The Penang drawing shows short pedicels, pale greenish white flowers, a saccate lip with recurved margins and red nerves j tliere are only one or two brncts below the Vol. VI. c 18, cXLViii. ORCHIDEJE. (J. D. Hooker.) {Geodorum, inflorescence, and the floral are as long as the ovaries. — The var. /3. albido-purpureum, Par. & Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 145, from Moulmein, has bracts as long as the flowers, but none below the inflorescence, green sepals and petals, and a dingy purple streaked lip. DOUBTPUL SPECIES. G. PALLIDTJM, Wall, in Don Prodr. 31. There is no specimen of this in Wallich's Herbarium, nor is the name in his Catalogue ; but there is a Geodorum in Herb. Kew, sent to Sir W. Hooker by Wallich from Nepal in 1818, which is, I think^ purpureum as defined above. Q. pallidum, Griff. 1. c. 357, from Assam and Silhot, described from garden specimens, is perhaps the vvhite-fld. purpureum ; its flowers are described as rather small. G. APPENDICULATUM, Griff, in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. v. 360, t. 24, is probably, as suggested by Griffith, Brown's G. dilatatum. G. CANDIDTJM, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 3, Limodorum candidum, Roxh., from Silhet, Khasia and Moulmein, is probably dilatatum ; it is certainly not G. candidum, Wall. Cat. 7374. G. DILATATUM, Lindl. in Bot. Meg. t. 675, is, I think, pale-fld. purpureum. G. PUCATUM, Lindl. in Bot. Beg. 1. 1687 ; Fol. Orchid. 5, from Ceylon, resembles a small G. purpureum. Thwaites states that he has never seen it. G. LAXiPLORUM, Griff. I. c. 356, t. 24, from Assam, Jenkins, strongly resembles G. citrinum in its broad petals, dilated undulate emarginate white lip with the disk tinged with yellow and purplish base. G. EAEiFLORUM, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 3, from Assam, is, I think, certainly 0. purpureum. Geodorum sp., a narrow-leaved plant, with the habit of G. purpureum, from Mount Ophir, Malacca, Griffith, resembles the Philippine G. semicristatum, Lindl. G. JAVANICUM, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 2. {Cistella cernua, Blume Bijdr. 293, t. 55), of Java, is a small-fld. species confidently referred by Reichenbach {Bonpland. 1857, 43) to G. dilatatum, with the observation that Wight's G. dilatatum is a totally different plant. 43. GBA»I»IATOPKVZiZiUiy[« Blume. Large stout epiphytes. Leaves linear, distichous, jointed on their sheaths, Scapes lateral, long, stout ; flowers large, racemose. Sepals and petals subequal, spreading. Lip small, adnate to the base of the column (mobile ?) erect, concave ; its side lobes embracing the column, midlobe short recurved. Column semiterete, foot 0, top incurved ; anther broad, 2- celled ; pollinia 2, subglobose, 2-cleft, attached one to each horn of a curved strap or gland. — Species 3 or 4, Malayan. Cr. speciosuxn, Blume Bijdr. ^77, fig. 20; RumpTi. iv. 47, t. 191; gigantic, flowers 6 in. diam. golden spotted with brown, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 628 ; Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 708 ; Bot. Mag. t. 5157 ; Paxt. Ft. Gard. ii. t. 69; Fl. des Serves, t.l386 ; Batem. 2nd Gent. Orchid. 1. 181 ; Jard. Fleur. t. 235; Gard. Chron. 1878, ii. 181, f. 36 ; 1890, i. 289, f. 46; Walp. Ann. vi. 628. G. fastuosum, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 159 under t. 69. Gr. macranthum, Beichb.f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 16 ; Walp. Ann. I. c. Pattonia macrantha, Wight Ic. t. 1750. Gabertia scripta. Gaud, in Freyc. Voy. Bot. 425. Cymbidium scriptum, Swartz in Schrad. Diar. 1799, 228 ; Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 100. Epidendrum scriptum, Linn. Sp. PI. 1361. — Bumph. Amboin. vi. 95, t. 42. Tenasseeim, Parish. Perak, Seortechini. Malacca, Griffith {Kew Distrih. 5318), Maingay {K. L>. 1655).— Distrib. Java, Borneo. Stems 8-10 ft., tufted, as thick as the wrist. Leaves 1^-2 ft. by Ij-lf in., equitant, lorate, acute. Scape 4-6 ft., as thick as the finger, terete ; bracts ovate ; pedicels 4-6 in,, as thick as a goose-quill ; sepals and petals fleshy, obovate-oblong, variable in breadth, undulate, spreading and reflexedj lip half the length of the sepals, side lobes short, subacute ; midlobe ovate, hirsute, disk with depressed Grammatophyllum.'] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 19 straight nerves and two linear ridges between the side lobes. — I cannot find characters whereby to distinguish G. fastuosum & macranthum ; the latter was founded on Griffith's specimens. The flowers vary much iu size, and the sepals and petals of the Perak plant are narrower than in the others. 44. DXPODZUBI, Brown. ^ Stems leafy, tnfted and epiphytic in the Indian species (terrestrial and leafless in Australian). Leaves coriaceous, jointed on their sheaths, equitant. Racemes long-peduncled, flowers rather large; perianth of Grammatophyllum^ but with the base of the lip forming a small sac with the column, and the side lobes reduced to small teeth ; poUinia separately stipitate on a globose gland. — Spepies 6, Australian, Malayan and Pacific. 1. D. pictum, Ee«c/i6. /. Xen. Orchid, ii. 15, and 20, t. 107; stem elongate scandent epiphytic from a terrestrial root, leaves spreading and recurved linear. Walp. Ann. iii. 562, vi. 647. Wailesia picta, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. iv. (1849) 262 ; in Faxt. Mag. Bat. xvi. 321, with fig. Grammatophyllum scandens, Griff. Notul. iii. 345 ; Ic. PI. Asiat. t. 324. Leopardanthus scandens, Blume Bumph. iv. 47 ; Mus. Bot. i. 47, t. 15. Malacca, Griffith, Maingay. — Distrib. Java. Leaves 12-18 in., tip oblique acute. Peduncle with the raceme 10-12 in., purple ; bracts short, ovate; pedicels short, stout ; flowers l^in. .diam., yellowish white blotched with crimson ; sepals and petals elliptic-oblong obtuse ; lip ovoid, narrowed into a broad tomentose claw ; side lobes linear acute, midlobe ovate acute concave, pinkish streaked with crimson, disk and lip villous. 2. D. paludosum, Reichh. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 15; stem and scape strict erect, leaves strict ensiform erect. Walp. Ann. vi. 648. Gramma- tophyllum paludosum, Griff. Notul. iii. 344. G. affine, Griff. Ic. PI. Asiat. t. 323. Wailesia paludosa, Reichb.f. in Bonpland. 1854, 93. Malacca, in swamps, Griffith {Kew Bistrih. 5317), Maingay {K. D. 1657) Perak, Wray. Stem 1-2 ft. Peduncle as long ; bracts small, ovate, acute ; pedicels very short ; flowers 1^ in. diam., sweet-scented, white blotched with purple; sepals and petals reflexed ; lip lanceolate, acute, with a villous ridge from the base to the cuspidate tip; side lobes reduced to small teeth. 45. TKECOSTEZiZS, Reichh. f. Epiphytes, pseudobulbous. Leaf 1, shortly petioled. Scape basal, slender ; flowers racemed. Sepals subequal, broad. Petals much nar- rower. Lip connate with the foot of the column, 3-lobed ; base with the foot forming a ventricose tube perforate in front ; side lobes small, erect ; midlobe entire or 3-lobulate, velvety. Column slender, arched, with incurved apical wings ; anther 2-celled ; poUinia 2, subglobose, separately stipitate on a scale-like gland. — Species 3. 1. T. Zolllngrerl, Beichb. f. in Bonpland. v. 37 ; Xen. Orchid, ii. 133, t. 147 ; side lobes of lip subclavate sigmoid, midlobe broadly obcor- date. T. alata. Par. 4" Beichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 135. Cymbidium alatum, Boxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 459. Chittagong, Eoxlurgh. Tenasseeim, ParM.— Distrib. Borneo. Pseudobulbs the size of a nutmeg or narrower. Leaf 5-9 in., oblong or linear- oblong. Scape with the raceme 5-8 in., decurved ; bracts minute, acute, persistent ; flowers -I in. diam., blotched with brick-red; sepals acute, dorsal lanceolate genicu- lately arched, lateral falcate ovate. C 2 20 cxLViii. OROHiDEiB. (J. D. Hooker.) [Thecostele. 2. T. Malngrayl, Sook.f. Ic. Plant ined. ; side lobes of lip fan-shaped, midlobe broadly ovate reflexed. Malacca, Maingay. Pseudolulhs oblong, f-1 in. Leaf 3-5 in., from obovate- to linear-oblong. Scape with 6-8-fld. raceme 4 in. ; flowers 1 in. diam. ; sepals acuminate. — -Only one specimen seen. 3. T. quinquefida, HooJc.f. Ic. Plant ined. ; side lobes of lip linear, midlobe deeply 3-lobulate, side lobules hatchet-shaped, mid-lobule ovate acute. Malacca, Maingay. JPseudohulhs 1 m., oblong, ieo/" 5-7 in., linear-oblong, tip obtuse very oblique. iScajoe with raceme 3 in.j flowers 1 in. diam.; sepals acute, lateral very broad j lip 5-fid from the deep lobing of the midlobe. 46. BROX^KEADXA, Lindl. Terrestrial erect rigid leafy herbs, pseudofeulb 0. Leaves distant. Flowers in terminal simple or branched rigid racemes or panicles ; bracts thick, imbricate, persistent. Segals and petals subequal, narrow, widely spreading. Lip adnate to the base of and embracing the column, erect, side lobes erect, midlobe spreading, entire. Column membranous, broadly 2-winged, foot 0, top hooded ; anther sub-2-celled ; pollinia 2, ovoid, sulcate, sessile on a scale-like gland. — Species 2. 1. B. palustris, Lindl. in Bot. Beg. 1841, Misc. 89 ; 1844, t. 18 ; tall, leaves 3-5 in., racemes many-fid. Bot. Mag. t. 4001 ; Wight Ic. t. 1740; Walp. Ann. vi. 630. B. Finlaysoniana, Reichh.f. in Walp. I. c. 882. Grammatophyllum ? Finlaysonianum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7561 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 173. Penang, Peeak, Malacca and Singapoee (in dry exposed places, Ridley). — DiSTRiB. Sumatra, Philippines. Stem 4r-8 ft., terete, very stout. Leaves 3-5 by f-J in., tip 2-lobed, many- nerved. Peduncle 6-12 in., strict; sheaths many, appressed ; raceme 1-7 in., bracts ovate, obtuse, thickly coriaceous (rachis appearing serrate) ; pedicel with ovary 1 in. ; flowers 2|-3 in. diam., sweet-scented ; sepals linear-oblong, obtuse, spreading and recurved, white or pale pink ; petals broader ; lip white, disk purple, side lobes sub- acute streaked with purple ; midlobe rounded apiculate, yellow, granulate ; column elongate cymbiform. ? 2. B. aporoides^ Beichh.f. Ot. Bot. Ramh. 44 ; dwarf, leaves 1^-2 in., peduncle very short 1-2-fld. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stems tufted, 1-1^ in., clothed to the base with coriaceous falcate ensiform acute leaves. Peduncle -i in., clothed at the base with small coriaceous imbricate sheaths j flowers 1 in. long ; sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate, acute, white ; lip oblong, side lobes triangular acute streaked with red, midlobe small ovate yellow papillose ; column slender ; gland of pollinia lunate. — I have seen only very imperfect specimens, which difier so greatly in habit, foliage and the slender column from B. palustris^ that I suspect the species will prove to be generally distinct. The habit is that of Bendrohium atropurpureum. 47. POIiirSTACKVA, Hooh. Pseudobulbous leafy epiphytes. Leaves few, distichous, narrow, coriaceous, jointed on their sheath. Scape terminal, sheathed ; flovi^ers very small, in narrow panicles. Sepals free, dorsal ovate, lateral triangular adnate to the foot of the column. Pefals very narrow. ^ Lip superior, clawed, jointed on the foot of the column, erect, 3-lobed, side lobes small Polystachya.] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D, Hooker.) ' 21 erect, midlobe spreading or recurved. Column short, broad ; anther 1- or 8Tib-2-celled ; pollinia 4, ovoid, cohering or connate in pairs, attached to a very short strap, or gland ? — Species about 40, all tropical, chiefly American. 1. P. Wlgrhtii, Reichh. f. in Whip. Ann. vi. 640; stem 4-6 in., flowers yellow, lip broader than long, side lobes nearly as long as the short broad rounded midlobe, disk with the median ridge densely furfuraceous. P. luteola, Wiffht Ic. t. 1678. Malabar ; ou the lyamallay Hills, Wight {Kew Bistrib. 2990). ? Penang, Curtis. ? Ceylon. Leaves 2-3, 4-6 by f-1 in. Stem stout ; panicle glabrous, branches short ; sheaths long, coriaceous, flattened j bracts small, acute, persistent ; flowers yellow j sepals ^ in. long, acute. Capsule 5 in. long. — P. luteola, Hook. Exot. Flor. t. 105, figured from a cultivated specimen said to have been sent by Wallich, has been pronounced by Lindley (Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. 78) to be a West Indian plant. No original specimen of it was preserved. Lindley distinguishes it from the Indian plant by the capsule being nerveless between the ribs, whilst those of the latter are reticulated. The figure in Flor. Exot. represents the sepals as obtuse. Much better specimens of the Indian species are wanted to determine their differences from one another and from the Mauritian and others, and the genus wants working up. 2. P. purpurea, Wight Ic. t. 1679 ; flowers purplish, lip longer than broad, side lobes much shorter than the large rounded midlobe, disk with a short median ridge furfuraceous. Waljo. Ann. vi. 640. Teavancoee ; on the lyamallay Hills, Wight {Kew Distrih. 2991). Very near if not a variety of P. Wightii, but the flowers are smaller, and if my analysis is correct (the materials are unsatisfactory) the lip is much narrower. 3. P. zeylanica, Lindl. in Bot. Beg. 1838, Misc. 78 {excl. Syn.) ; stem 12-18 in., lip cuneate-obovate, side lobes small acute, midlobe rounded, disk furfuraceous, capsule \ in. reticulate between the ribs. Walp. Ann. vi. 639. Ceylon, Walker, Gardner. A very much larger plant than either of the former, with a stout stem, and panicle 6-10 in. long with branches 1-3 in. long, flowers larger, and leaves larger and broader upwards. The Mauritian P. mauritiana, Spreng. Syst. Veg. iii. 742 (Dendrobium polystachys, TJiou. Orchid. Afric. t. 85), which Lindley referred to this more resembles P. Wightii. 48. PI.0C06X.0TTIS, Blume. Terrestrial herbs with the creeping rhizome, habit and inflorescence of Tainia and Chrysoglossum, from which they are only distinguishable by the short erect quadrate lip having its sides confluent with the sides of the short column, and by having the four pollinia attached in pairs by 2 stipes to a gland. — Species 4 or 5, Indian and Malayan. 1. P. acuminata, Blume Mus. Bot. i. 46; leaf solitary, bracts lan- ceolate as long as the pedicel or longer, raceme puberulous. Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 676. Peeak, alt. 2-3000 ft., King's Collector.— BmTmB. Java, Sumatra. Leaf-blade 10-12 by 21-3 in., elliptic-lanceolate, longer than the slender petiole. Scape as long or longer, slender ; raceme very lax-fld., simple or with a branch from the base; bracts ^ in., lanceolate, acuminate; pedicel with ovary as long; flowers 1 in. diam., sparsely puberulous ; dorsal sepal lanceolate ; erect lateral oblong-lanceolate, falcate, finely acuminate, 5-nerved ; petals narrowly lanceolate, falcate ; lip quadrate, contracted above the base, angles rounded, retuse in front with a long cusp ; spur a conical gibbosity. — The specimen is not very good, but I think it is P. acuminata. 22 oxLViii. ORCHIDE.S). (J. D. Hooker.) [Plocoglottu, 2. P. Javanlca, JBlume JBijdr. 380, t. 21 ; Orchid. Archip. Ind. t. 14 ; Mua. Sot. i. 46 ; leaf solitary, bracts short ovate, raceme glabrous. Lindl. Gen. 8f 8p. Orchid. 132. Perak, alt. 3-1200 ft., Scortechini, King's Collector. — Disteib. Java. Leaf-blade 10-12 by 3-4 in., as long as the very slender petiole. Scape much longer than the leaf, very slender; raceme 8-10 in. ; bracts -i— ^ in., often recurved ; flowers f in. diam., pale yellow speckled with red ; dorsal sepal long, arched, nar- rowly lanceolate; lateral oblong-lanceolate, falcate, acute ; petals narrowly oblanceo- late, folcate ; lip broadly obovate, angles and tip rounded, acuminate or cuspidate ; spur a gibbosity. — A Plocoglottis from Malacca, Maingay, resembles this, but has a shorter raceme, and is described (by Maingay) as having obtuse sepals j the specimen is flowerless 49. IiVISZA, Gaud. Tufted epiphytes ; stem terete, rigid, sheathed, pseudobulbs 0. Leaves elongate, terete, obtuse. Flowers drooping, small, spicate on a short or very stout erect axillary rachis ; bracts very shorty thick, imbricating, per- sistent. Sepals subequal or the decurved dorsal smaller. Petals often longer, narrower. Lip sessile on the base of the column, base flat concave or saccate. Column very short, truncate; anther 2-celled; pollinia 2, sub- globose, seated on a replicate short strap. Capsule narrow, erect. — Species about 15, tropical Asia to N. Caledonia. The materials at my disposal for the elucidation of this remarkable genus are, though considerable, far from being sufficient. Above all careful drawings for living plants should be obtained, when the following attempt at diagnosing the Indian species will want revision and probably correction. * Petals not much longer than the lateral sepals {most so in L. primulina). 1. Zi. teretifolia, Gaud. Bot. Freyc. Voy. 427, t. 37 ; leaves 4-6 in., flowers small, lateral sepals subacute keel winged, petals linear-oblong obtuse hardly longer than the sepals, hypochile subquadrate saccate, epi- chile broadly cordate. Blume Eumph. i. t. 194, f. 3, t. 197 D ; Mus. Bot. i. 63 ; Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 2 {^excl. in all Syn. Fp. triste). L. burmanica, Lindl. I. c. L. brachystachys, var. flaveola. Par. Sc Peichh. f. in Trans. Linn-. Soc. xxx. 144. L. platyglossa, Reichh. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 622. L. zeylanica, Lindl. I. c. Cymbidium triste, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 461 {not of Willd.) ; Bot. Mag. t. 3648 ; Wight Ic. v. 11 {text, not Ic.) ; Griff. Notul. iii. 340 (the Mergtd plant). C. tenuifolium, Wight I. c. t. 1689 (Jc„ not text). SiKKiM Himalaya {Ic. Cathcart). The Khasia Mts., at Churra {Ic. Jerdon). Bengal ; in the Sunderbunds, Roxburgh. Pegu and Tenasseeim, Griffith, &c. The Westeen Ghats, from Canara to Travancore. Ceylon, Macrae, &c. — Disteib. Malay Islands to New Caledonia. Stem 6-12 in., stout ; internodes ^-f in. Leaves variable in thickness. Rachis of spike ^-^ in. Petals ^-^ in. long, iz^ equalling or rather exceeding the sepals. Column very short. Capsule f-l|^ in. — Blume erred in referring Willdenow's Cymbidium triste to Gaudichaud's Luisia teretifolia. The latter appears to accord with the Indian plant, and Wight's t. 1689 is very characteristic. Blume's t. 194 has larger flowers. A coloured drawing of Lindley's burmanica by Griffith is excellent. The petals vary in length and form, but never much exceed the sepals. The lip is in five Indian drawings purple. Blume figures a purple hypochile and yellow epichile with purple disk. Roxburgh describes the lip as dark purple with yellow spots. Griffith figures it green with black purple blotches. Wight says, *' Flowers pale pink, lip conformable, afterwai'ds purple." In var. flaveola, Par. & R. f., the flowers are yellow, the hypochile purple and epichile streaked with purple. Liiidley's L. zeylanica (Macrae, 1829) is identical with the Peninsular species, but there are along with it flowers of a different and a garden plant, which he referred to Vanda triehorhiza. Hook. Reichenbach's L. brai-hystachys, founded on Wight's t. 1689, is Luisia.'] oxlviii, orohide^. (J. D, Hooker.) 23 consequently teretifolia. Lindley's L. trichorhiza consists of three Nilghiri speci- mens of L. teretifolia (mislabelled Khasia Mts.), and one fruiting Khasian specimen (as indicated by Eeicbenbach in Herb. Lindl.). For Cymhid. trisie, Willd., see i/. trisiis. 2. Xi. brachystachys, Blume Bumph. iv. 50; Mus. Bot. i. 64; leaves 2-6 in. slender, sepals and petals as in L. teretifolia, lip obovate-oblong nearly flat grooved hardly constricted at the base of the broadly ovate epichile. Reichh.f. Xen. Orchid, i. 204, t. 78, f. 1 ; Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 0. Mesoclastes brachystachys, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 1994; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 45. Tropical Westeen Himalaya; Garwhal, Falconer; Kumaon, Stewart. SiLHET and the Khasia Hills, Wallich. Bengal, at Jessore and Dacca, Clarice. Tenasseeim {Ic. Parish). A more slender plant than L. teretifolia, but perhaps a variety ; flowers of the same size, but with a very difierent lip, which varies a little in breadth, and in the distinctness of the hypochile from the epichile. The lip is rather thin, with usually strong parallel grooves or nerves, though sometimes it is very thick and fleshy when the grooves are not visible (in the dried state). Column very short. Capsule f-1 in. — Clarke describes the sepals green without, rose-purple within ; petals rose- purple with green tip and base ; lip yellow at base, black -purple for f of upper part, but variable. 3. Zi. trichorhiza, Blume Mus. Bot. i. 63 ; leaves 4-6 in. stout, flowers twice as large as in L. teretifolia, petals \ in. long about as long as the lateral sepals, lip obovate-oblong rather longer than the sepals flat grooved constricted at the insertion of the broadly ovate epichile with the quadrate hypochile, column rather long. Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 2 ; Reichb. f. Xen. Orchid, t. 77. f. 878. ? Yanda ? trichorhiza, Sook. Fl. Exot. t. 72. Tropical Himalaya, Wallich ; Garwhal, Falconer, I have seen only two native specimens of this plant, a flowering and a fruiting, from Garwhal, they bear the mss. name of L. retusa, Eeichb. f. It is the only species that approaches the Flora Exotica Vanda ? trichorhiza in the size of the flower and length of the column, difiering from it only in the lip not being longer than the sepals, which is a very variable character. Flowers of V. ? trichorhiza in Lindley's Herbarium closely resemble this, except in having a longer lip. A spike of flowers of V. trichorhiza in Herb. Hook, is presumably from the type plant ; the flowers are on slender pedicels, with the lip grooved as in hrachi/stachys, but with the sepals and petals narrower and more acute. Of the hairy roots of V. trichorhiza described in Fl. Exot. I know nothing, but Lindley, who no doubt saw the original plant, says that it has sometimes an enormous development of downy roots. 4. Xi. filiformis, HooJc. f.\ stem elongate slender, leaves 6-12 in., very slender, rachis of spike very stout short few-fld., flowers i-| in. diam., lateral sepals cymbiform, keel broadly winged, petals linear and lip fleshy, hypochile broad flat smooth, epichile subquadrate deeply many-grooved, tip incurved fleshy, column very short broad. . SiLHET ; at Terrya Ghat, Mann. Stem probably several feet long ; internodes 1-2 in. Leaves as thick as a crow quill. Petals hardly longer than the lateral sepals. — Except in the short petals this a good deal resembles L. Grovesii, 5. Xi- xnicrantha, Hooh. f. ; stem short robust, leaves 2 in. slender, rachis of spike short thick few-fld., flowers \ in. diam., lateral sepals ovate subacute midrib very stout, petals oblong obtuse, hypochile of lip oblong concave with 2 strong incurved teeth on each side, epichile lozenge-shaped fleshy, column rather long. Assam, Griffith {in Herh. Wightr). Khasia Hills, alt. 3-4000 ft., Mann. 24 oxLViii. ORCHiDEj;. (J, D. Hooker.; [Luisia. Stem 2-5 in. ; internodes ^^ in. Leaves as thick as a sparrow quill. Bachis of spike clothed with imbricate ovate acute bracts ; pedicels decurved ; flowers punctulate ; dorsals sepal oblong obtuse and similar petals 1-nerved ; lip as long as the sepals, epichile about half as long as the hypochile both concave. — Griffiths' specimens are not in flower but appear to be the same as Mann's, which are so. 6. Zi. prixnulina^ Par. & Reichb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 144, t. 30, f. 1 ; stem short very stout, leaves 3-4 in. very stout, rachis short few-fid., sepals subequal oblong acute, petals larger obovate-spathulate obtuse, lip much longer than the lateral sepals yellow, hypochile small short saddle-shaped, epichile large triangular-ovate obtuse, margin obscurely lobulate. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. jSiem 3-4 in. ; internodes short. Leaves \ in. diam. Flowers f in. diam., pale yellow with a purple column. — Described chiefly from a drawing by Parish. A draw- ing in Herb. Calcutt. of apparently the same species (collected at Moolyet, Moulmein) has elliptic-acute sepals, a shorter cordate epichile, a larger hypochile with a purple disk, and a yellow column j its concave lateral sepals are spurred at the back. There are in Herb. Kew flowers and leaf of a cultivated plant from Burma (Hort. Kew), resembling this, but with a purple lip. 7. Zi. xnacrotis, Peichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1809,1110; habit and leaves of L. Psyche, sepals triangular keeled, petals longer triangular ligulate acute flat base broad, lip much longer than the sepals violet-black triangular-ovate from a broad 2-aTiricled base sulcate. Assam {Hort. Day). I have seen only flowers of what I take to be this (Hort. Kew), in whivh the sepals are ovate-oblong, subacute, the petals much longer (^ in. long), linear-oblong, obtuse, and the lip very like that of L. primnlina, and of the same size, but dark purple. The shape of the petals distinguishes it from primulina. ** Petals much longer than the sepals. 8. Zi. Psyche, Beichh. /. in Bat. Zeit. 1863, 98; in Gard. Chron. 1866, 342 ; stem tall stout, leaves 3-5 in. stout, rachis short, flowers few large, petals linear- sp at hulate or obovate obtuse twice as long as the obtuse concave sepals, lip broadly ovate-oblong retuse, base contracted saccate 2-auricled. Bot. Mag. t. 5558. Tenassekim ; at Moulmein, Parish. ? Khasia Hills, alt. 3000 ft., Mann. Stem 1 ft., internodes 1 in. Leaves strict, ^ in. diam. Sepals ^ in. long, petals 1^ in., variable in breadth, both pale greenish yellow. Lip convex, nearly 1 in. long, violet-brown, tessellated with white or yellow, auricles erect, embracing the white column. Capsule 1^-2 in. long. — Mann's specimen is in fruit only. It has a large clavate capsule as figured by Parish in his drawing of L. Psyche. 9. Zi. tenulfolia, Blume Pumph. iv. 50; Mus. Bot. i. 63 ; stem long slender, leaves 4-7 in., rachis ^ in., flowers few large, petals narrow twice as long as the ovate subacute concave sepals, lip narrowly panduriform convex base broad 2-auricled, lip with 'Z divergent lobes. Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 2 ; Thwaites Enum. 302 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 266 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 619. L. Birchea, Blume Pumpli. iv. 50; Mus. Bot. i. 63. L. zeylanica, Thwaites mss. (C. P. 2347). Birchea teretifolia, A. Pich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, XV. QQ, t. 10. Cymbidium tenuifolium, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 167 {excl. 8yn.). C. triste, Wight Lc. t. 911 {non Willd.). On the Western Ghats, from the Concan to Travancore, Wight, Dalzell, &c. Ceylon ; in the Central Province, Macrae, Thwaites. Leaves very variable in thickness, sometimes very long and slender. Sepals i-| in. long, yellowish green stained or streaked with red ; petals more green j Luisia.] oxlviii. orchidej!. (J. D. Hooker.) 25 lip twice as long as the lateral sepals, white or greenish with deep purple base and lobes, or purple and streaked with paler lines (Dalzell), disk with 3 large call!. Macrae's Ceylon specimen is like the Malabar plant. A. Richards' figure of Birchea teretifolia is a very bad one. Rheede's figure in xii. t. 5, on which Linnseus' JEpidendrum tenuifolium {Cymbidmm, Willd.) was founded, is not a Luisia, the leaves are grooved, and spike very different. 10. Zi. volucriSy Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 1; stem stout, leaves 3-5 in. stout, lateral sepals cymbiform with an acute dorsal wing, petals 2-4 times as long 1-1^ in. linear dilating to the rounded tip, hypochile oblong with incurved basal auricles, epichilo as long much broader ovate-cordate obtuse fleshy. Whip. Ann. vi. 619. SiKZiM Himalaya, J. D. S. Khasia Mts. and Silhet, Lohh, J. D. H. ^ T. T. ? Chittagong Hills, Ic. in Sort. Calcutt. Stem 6-10 in., internodes ^ in. Bachis of spike ^ in,, very stout. Petals and sepals very pale yellow-green ; lip dark purple, epichile hardly cordate (as described by Lindley). Capsules 1 in. — Flowerless specimens closely resemble L. teretifolia. In the drawing of the Chittagong plant the stem is slender, the in- ternodes are 1^ in. and leaves 7-9 in., the petals not dilated at the tip, and the epichile of the lip green and grooved. 11. Zi. antennlfera, Blume Rumph. iv. 50; Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 64; stem stout, elongate, leaves 3-4 in., rachis of spike very stout |-1| in., petals linear f in. long twice as long as the cymbiform sepals, lip cuneately oblong, epichile hardly distinct from hypochile which has a broadly 2-auricled base. Beichh.f. Xen. Orchid, i. 265, t. 78, f. 2. Peeaz, Scortechini, King's Collector. — Disteib. Borneo (^Loio). Stem a foot and upwards ; internodes 1 in. (the largest of the genus except tristis), as are the spikes. Flowers in Low's drawing pale green with purple lip as long as the sepals ; in note by King's collector, " pale greenish white waxy inner petals dark blue," possibly the dark blue is meant for the lip. The form of lip is the same in a drawing by Scortechini of the Perak plant. 12. Zi- trlstiS; SooJc. f. ; stem stout elongate, leaves stout 3-5 in., rachis of spike very stout 1-2 in., petals f in. long linear twice or thrice as long as the sepals, hypochile of lip quadrate base 2-auricled, epichile short broadly ovate-cordate grooved. Cymbidium triste, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 99. Epidendrum triste, Forst. Prodr. IS^o. 314. Penang, Curtis. — Distrib. New Caledonia. Very like L. antennifera, having the same stout habit, foliage, and thick long rachis of the spike, but the lip is very different, and is as far as can be judged from the indifferent specimens in Herb. Forster, identical with that of his Epidendrum triste. 13. Zi-. G-rovesiij Hoolc.f.; stem very slender elongate, leaves 6-10 in. filiform, rachis of spike very short few-fld., flowers 1 in. diam., lateral sepals cymbiform, petals twice or thrice as long narrowly linear obtuse, hypochile of lip subquadrate flat, epichile broadly cordate, column very short broad. Easteen Bengal; in the Looshai Hills, G. B. Groves {in Herb. Calcutt.). Closely resembles i. /^j/brmi*, but at once distinguished by the long petals. — Described fi*om two drawings of plants cultivated in Hort. Calcutta, one of a speci- men without locality, the other localized as above. The sepals and petals are pale yellowish, the hypochile and column dark purple, the epichile pale purplish in one with darker margins, greenish in the other, in both dark purple at the base. DOUBTFUL SPECIES. L. MICEOPTERA, Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron. (1870) 1503 ; leaves terete rather stout, raceme few-fld,, flowers small, sepals ligulate acute, longer than the petals, both straw-cold., lip half purplish half yellow, hypochile ovate uncinate at the base 26 cxLViii. ORCHIDE.E. (J. D. Hooker.) [Luisia* on each side, epichile broadly triangular -ovate, column purplish, anther with 2 yel- lowish eyes in the centre of each half. — Assam, Benson {Hort. Veitch). — Description from the author 1. c. Possibly the sepals longer than the petals is an error, due to the omission of a comma in the phrase " sepalis ligulatis acutis petalis longioribus." Cymbidium tenuifolium, Willd. of Tkwaites mss. (0. P. 3530) is certainly not I/, tenuifolia, Bl., having short petals and a broad lip. It is probably a new species near filiformis, but the specimen being solitary and only 1-fld. 1 leave it undescribed. 50. COTTONZA, Wight, An epiphyte, stem leafy. Leaves long, narrow, coriaceous. Scape tall, very slender, branched. Flowers in short terminal racemes. Sepals sub- equal and narrower petals widely spreading. Lip sessile at the base of the column, much longer than the sepals, flat, spreading ; side lobes minute basal ; midlobe subpanduriform, retuse. Column short, foot 0 ; anther short, 2-celled; pollinia 2, pyriform, 2-cleft ; strap linear, sides recurved ; gland minute. Capsule slender, elongate. C. xnacrostachya, Wight Ic. t. 1755 ; Dalz. So Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 263 ; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 39 ; Bot. Mag. t. 7099. C. pedun- cularis, Seichb.f. in Cat. Orchid. Schiller 1857, 52; Thwaites Enum. 303 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 860. Vanda peduncularis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 216 ; Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. t. 253. The Deccan Peninsula ; on the Ghats from the Concan southwards. Ceylon ; in the Central Province. ^Stem 4-8 in., leafy ; internodes short. Leaves 5-6 by ^| in., lorate, recurved, unequally obtusely 2-lobed. Scape 12-18 in., strict, erect ; branches few, tipped by short racemes ; pedicels long, slender ; bracts ovate ; flowers f in. diam. ; sepals ob- long and subspathulate ; petals dirty orange with red streaks ; lip dark purple with a broad villous golden margin ; side lobes ear-like with 3 calli between them, the median pubescent, disk of midlobe with median callus ; column puberulous ; rostellum obscure. Capsule 1^ in. — Lip like that of Ofhrys aranijera. 50/1. DIPLOPRORA, JZbo^./. Stem short, slender. Leaves falcately lanceolate, acuminate. Scape short, simple, few-fld. Sepals widely spreading, keeled. Petals obovate. Lip as long as the petals, margins adnate to the sides of the column, cym- biform and sigmoidly curved, suddenly narrowed into a compressed 2-caudate tip, disk keeled. Column very short, foot 0 ; anther 2-celled ; pollinia 2, globose ; strap short linear, sides recurved ; gland small. Capsule slender. D. Chaxnpioni, Hooh. f. ; Ic. Plant, ined. Cottonia Championi, Lindl, in E.ooh. Journ. Bot. vii. (1855) 35; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 39; Benth.Fl. HongJc. 357. Luisia bicaudata, Thwaites Enum. 302. Yanda bicaudata, Thwaites I. c. 429. Bhotan HiMAiATA, Gammie. Khasia Mts., alt. 3-4000 ft., J. D. H. Si" T. T. Tenasseeim, Parish. Ceylon, Thwaites. — Distrib. Hong Kong. Stem 1-3 in., ascending. Leaves 3-4 by ^-f in., thin and many-nerved when dry. Scape 1-2 in., stout; rachis flexuous ; flowers few, i^ in. diam,, yellow; lip with a deep longitudinal ridge within, sides streaked with red ; column papillose. Capsule li in. — Very distinct from Cottonia in habit, foliage, inflorescence and lip, and much nearer Phalcenopsis, but wants the appendages on the di?k of the lip and the side lobes, and difters strikingly in habit. Stauro^ms.'] cxlviii. orchtde.e. (J. D. Hooker.) 27 51. STAUROPSXS, Jteichb.f. Epiphytes; stem stout, leafy. Leaves distichous, coriaceous, flat, 2-lobed. Flowers in lateral racemes. Sepals and similar but smaller petals widely spreading. Lip sessile, adnata to the base or sides of the column, incurved, base simple or saccate, lobes narrow, disk naked or hairy. Column short, thick, foot 0, top truncate ; anther 1 -celled ; pollinia 2,"sub- globose, 2-cleft ; strap broad, gland large. — Species about 8, Malayan. 1. S. grigranteus, Benth. in Gen. Plant, in. 572; flowers very large golden-yellow ocellately blotched with cinnamon, sepals and petals spathu- lately obovate, lip white hatchet-shaped obtuse, base cordate, side lobes rounded, midlobe narrow obtuse fleshy, disk with a broad conical callus. Fieldia gigantea, Beichb. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 39; Walp. Ann. vi. 871. Vanda gigantea, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7326 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 215 ; Fol. Orchid. 2 ; Bot. Mag. t. 5189. Reichb.f. I. c. 38, t. 112 ; HI. Hortic. 1861, 277; Bev. Hortic. 1874, t. 291. Y. Lindleyana, Griff. Notul. iii. 358. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Wallich, Griffith. Stem pendulous. Leaves 1-2 ft. by 2-3 in., very thick, flat. Raceme 10-15 in., decurved, many-fld. ; rachis very stout ; bracts short, broad; flowers 3 in. diam. ; lateral sepals horned behind below the tip. — Griffith describes two sterile stamens between the lateral sepals and petals. 2. S- undulatus, Benth. mss. ; flowers If in. diam. nearly white, sepals and petals spathulately oblanceolate waved, base of lip saccate adnate to the sides of the column, midlobe laterally compressed 3-ridged Vanda undulata, Lindl. in Joui^n. Linn. Soc. iii. 42 ; Beichb. f. in Gard Chron. 1875, ii. 212 ; 1878, i. 168. Easteen Subtropical Himalaya; Sikkim and Bhotan, ascending to 6000 ft. The Khasia Hills, alt. 5-6000 ft. Stem 6-10 in. ; sheaths and scape minutely warted. Leaves 3-4 by ^-| in.. unequally obtusely 2-lobed. Scape 5-8 in. and raceme strict, erect, laxly few-fld. near the top j bracts ^ in. long, broad, obtuse ; flowers white flushed with pink or purpli«h ; sepals acuminate, undulate, lateral deflexed ; petals similar but smaller ; lip yellow, base orbicular, sides streaked with pink ; midlobe linguiform ; tip truncate, sometimes purplish ; pollinia globose, strap short, gland large transverse. — I am very doubtful as to the affinity of this plant, which difi'ers from S. giganteus in the base of the lip being aduate to the sides of the column, and forming with it a cup with a thickened rim. 52. ARACKNANTKE^ Blume. Characters of Stauropsis, but lip jointed on to the base of the column and mobile. — Species 5 or 6, Himalayan and Malayan. This character of the mobile lip requires confirmation in the living plant of some species. * Flowers in simple racemes. Side lobes of lip much smaller than the midlobe. 1. A. Cathcartil, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 573; scape few-fld., lateral sepals and petals broadly elliptic obtuse, side lobes of lip small rounded. Esmeralda Catheartii, Beichb. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 38 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 871. Vanda Catheartii, Hook.f. III. Himal. PI. t. 23; Bot. Mag. t. 5845 ; Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 8 ; III. Hcyrtic. 1858, 187 ; Flore des Ser. 1. 1251 .- Warner Orchid. Alb. t. 168 ; Jenning's Orchid, t. 10 ; Floral Mag. N. S t. 66 ; Gard. Chron. 1870, 1409. 28 oXLViii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Arachnanthe, East Nepax and Sikkim Himalaya, alt. 3-6000 ft., Griffith'' s Collectors, J. D. H., &c. Bhotan {Io. in Sort. Calcutt.). Stem 12-18 iu., stout. Leaves 6-9 by 1-1^ in., flaccidly coriaceous, lorate, unequally obtusely 2-lobed. Scaipe longer than the leaves, 4-6-fld. ; bracts short, broad; flowers 2-2^ in. diam., fleshy ; sepals whitish beneath, above yellowish closely barred with chocolate or red, dorsal obovate ; lip shorter than the sepals, oblong, variable in breadth, side lobes erect speckled with red ; midlobe shoe-shaped, obtuse, yellow, margins incurved sharply 2-keeled. Capsule 4 in., linear -oblong or sub- pyriform. 2. A. bilingruis, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 573 ; scape few-fld., lateral sepals and petals oblanceolate, lip with a large recurved spur under the limb, side lobes very small rounded. Eenanthera bilinguis, Eeichb.f. Xen. Orchid, i. 7, t. 4. E. labrosa, Reichb. /. I. c. 88. Arrhynchium labrosura, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. i. 142. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish, &c. The Khasia Mts, ; at Nurtiung (Ic. Jerd.on). Stem elongate, as thick as a swan's quill or less. Leaves 5-8 by -^f in., keeled, coriaceous, unequally 2-lobed. Scape long or short, greenish brown ; flowers 4-6, distant, 1^ in. diam. ; sepals and petals obtuse, yellowish with broad red -brown or blotched margins; lip yellow, very narrow, recurved; spur adnate, recurved, as long as the limb, the tip of which is hence bifid with the lobes superposed ; strap of pollinia short, gland large. 3. A. Clarkei, Bolfe in Gard. Chron. 1888, ii. 567 ; scape few-M., sepals and petals linear-spathulate obtuse. Bot.Mag. t. 7077. Esmeralda Clarkei, Beichb.f. in Gard. Chron- 1886, ii. 552. Sikkim Himalaya, alt. 6000 ft., Clarice. Bhotan {Tc. in Hart. Calcutt.). Stem 12—18 in., stout. Leaves 5-6 by 1^-1^ in., flaccidly coriaceous, lorate, unequally obtusely 2-lobed. Scape 2-3-fld. ; flowers 3^ in. diam., yellow barred with pale cinnamon -brown ; lateral sepals and petals falcate; dorsal sepal erect; lip half the length of the sepals, base narrowed ; side lobes short, broad, obtuse ; midlobe ovate -cordate, obtuse, ridged ; column speckled with red. Capsule 2^ in., oblong, very thick. ** Flowers panicled. Side lobes of li^ nearly equalling or exceeding the midlobe. 4. A. IHaingrayi; Hook, f.; lateral sepals broadly obovate, dorsal narrower, petals linear-spathulate falcate, side lobes of clawed lip quadrate, midlobe as long oblong fleshy, spur red beneath. Malacca, Maingay {Kew Listrib. 1645). Stem 4-6 ft., sheaths smooth. Leaves 3-5 in., linear-oblong ; tip narrowed, notched. Panicle 1-3 ft. ; branches short, divaricate ; pedicel and ovary stout ; flowers 2 in. diam. ; lip fleshy, not half as long as the sepals, yellow, sides blotched with red (" claw elastic,'* Maingay) ; column short, truncate; strap of large oblong furrowed pollen broadly linear, gland transverse. 5. A. xnoschifera^ Blume Rumph. iv. t. 196, 199 ; lateral sepals and petals narrowly linear-spathulate falcate, dorsal sepal straight, side lobes of lip quadrate, midlobe as long obovate acuminate shortly spurred beneath. Arachnis moschifera, Blume Bijdr. 365, t. 26. Aerides arachnites, Swartz in Schrad. Journ. 1799, 233 ; Wiild. Sp. PL iv. 131. Eenanthera Arachnitis, Lindl. Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 217. E. Flos-aeris, Reichb. f. Xen. Orchid, i. 88 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 878. Limodorum Flos-aeris, Swartz in Nov. Act. Ujpsal. 1740, 37. Epidendrum Flos-aeris, Lhin. Sp. PI. 1348. Perak, alt. 4-6000 ft.. King's Collector. — Distrib. Java, Borneo. Arachnanthe.] cxlviit. org hide. e. (J. T). Hooker.) 29 Stem 4-6 ft., as thick as a swan's quill, sheaths smooth. Leaves 4-7 in., loriform or linear-oblong, tip narrowly notched. Panicle 2-3 fc. j branches very short, divaricate, 2-3 -fid. ; pedicel with ovary 1 in.; flowers 3-i in. diam., dark green or yellow barred with maroon ; upper margin of side lobes recurved j anther broad, truncate; pollinia very large, flattened; strap broad with a median ridge. 58. PKA.ZiS:MOPSZS, Blume. Epiphytes ; stem short, leafy ; pseudobulb 0. Leaves distichous, coria- ceous. Scape lateral; flowers usually large, loosely racemed. Sepals widely spreading. Petals narrower or broader. Lip clawed or sessile, adnate to the base or foot of the column, side lobes erect, midlobe various, spur 0 ; disk variously appendaged, with usually a forked plate or callus. Column suberect, foot long short or 0 ; anther 2-celled ; pollinia 2, sulcate or 2-partite, strap linear or spathulate, gland large or small.— Species about 25, Indian and Malayan. The genus requires revision, and a careful examination of the lip, which is very imperfectly figured and described by the authors who have had access to living specimens. The beautiful P. amahilis has been sent from Singapore, where it is cultivated. * Lateral sepals inserted by a narrow base to the base or very short foot of the column. t RacMs of raceme compressed ; bracts fleshy , distichous. 1. P. Cornu-cervl, Par. & Reichh.f. in Kami. Gartenz. 1860, 116 ; scape 6-10 in., flowers 2 in. diam. yellow-green barred with brown. Bjolfe in Gard. Ghron. 1886, ii. 276. Polychilus Cornu-cervi, Breda Orchid. Jav. t. 1 ; Bot. Mag. t. 5570. Tenasserim; at Moulmein, Lohb, Parish. Perak, Scortechini. — Disteib. Sumatra, Java, Borneo. Leaves 3-8 in., oblanceolate. Scape stout, simple or branched; rachis 3-5 in.; bracts ^ in., oblong, tip rounded; sepals oblong-lanceolate; petals shorter; lip subsessile, side lobes oblong, midlobe ovate acute with a short falcate wing on each side of the tip ; disk with a broad 2-awned plate at the base, and a flattened sword- shaped compressed spur in front of it. — Habit of a Sarcochilus. 2. P. violacea, Teysm. Sc Binn. in Batav. Nat. Tydschr. xxiv. {reprint 10) ; scape 2-12 in., flowers 1 in, diam. Beiohb.f. in Gard. Ghron. 1878, ii. 234 ; 1881, ii. 145, fig. 32, 187 ; Warner Orchid. Album, 1. 182 ;" Flor. Mag. N. S. t. 342 ; Eolfe in Gard. Ghron. 1886, ii. 277 ; III. Sortie. 1855, 173 (var. Schroederi). Stauritis violacea, Beichh. f. in Hamh. Gartenzeit. 1802, 34. Perak (Ic. Scortechini). Singapore (fid. Warner I. c.) — Distrib. Sumatra. Leaves 4-10 in., elliptic or oblanceolate, acute. Scape very stout, 1-7-fld. ; bracts ovate, acute ; lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate, unequal-sided, acute, deflexed ; petals smaller, oblanceolate ; lip narrow, incurved, broadly clawed or stipitate ; side lobes erect, narrow, linear, truncate ; midlobe cuneately obovate, apex triangular acute crenulate, disk with a bicuspidate appendage at the base ; column rather long. — Colours of flower apparently very variable ; Scortechini describes the sepals and petals as deep carnation with green tips, the side lobes of lip yellow dotted with purple, the midlobe purple ; Warner's figure has a very short scape, few flowers, a violetlateralsepal with cream-cold, inner margins, cream-cold, dorsal sepals and petals, and a violet lip. According to Reichenbach the raceme is sometimes branched. — Perhaps two species are confounded under violacea. 30' cxLViii. OEOHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [FhaJtenopsis. tt Rcichu' of raceme terete. 3. P. Iiowil, Eeichb.f. in Bot. Zeit. 1862, 214; in Gard. Chron. 1862, 979 ; Xen. Orchid, ii. t. 151 ; petals fan-shaped very much larger than the oblong sepals, rostellum much longer than the column. Bot. Mag. t. 6351 ; Fl. des Sevres, 1. 1910 ; Warner Select. Orchid. Ser. 2, t. 15 ; Bolfe in Gard. Chron. 1886, ii. 276. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Leaves 3-5 in., ovate-oblong or lanceolate, acute. Scape with lax-fld. raceme 10-24 in., slender, simple or branched ; flowers 1^-2 in. diam. ; sepals white, dorsal largest and broadest ; petals flushed with violet towards the base j lip sessile, as long as the lateral sepals, narrowly oblong, side lobes small, uncinately recurved yellow, midlobe obcuneately oblong truncate and crenate at the tip purple; disk keeled and furnished with a transverse forked plicate callus at the base of the side lobes in front, and with some soft spines behind ; column and rostellum pale purple. 4. P. Blannii, Beichb. f. in Gard. Ghro7i. 1871, 902; 1876, 603; lateral sepals lanceolate acuminate, petals oblanceolate, lip clawed, side lobes falcately oblong, midlobe panduriform truncate with two spreading and recurved oblong caruncled apical lobules. Bolfe in Gard. Chron. 1886, ii. 276. Assam, Mann. Leaves 6-10 in., oblong-lanceolate. Scape 12 in., branched ; flowers many, . scattered, Ii in. diam.; sepals and petals yellow blotched with brown ; lip white with purple blotches, disk with a forked appendage at the base of the midlobe, in front of which is a flattened sword-shaped spur ; foot of column very short. — Flower and appendages of lip very like those of P. Cornu-cervi ; in both the column is long, the poUinia ellipsoid. 5. P. speciosa, Beichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1881, i. 662 ; 1882, ii. 744, fig. 130-132 ; sepals elliptic-lanceolate acute, petals similar but smaller, lip sessile, side lobes small linear-oblong truncate toothed, midlobe laterally compressed fleshy, tip dilated mallet-like papillose. Warmer Orchid. Album, t. 158; Gard. Chron. 1882, ii. 745, f. 130-132; 1886, ii. 277, fig. 56-58 ; ReicJienbaehia, ii. t. 57 ; Bolfe in Gard. Chron. 1886, ii. 277. Amdaman Islands, Berlceley. Leaves 8-12 in., obovate-oblong or -lanceolate. Scape tall, simple or branched j flowers 2 in. diam., scattered, white or rosy with darker blotches ; lip with d, forked callus ; column long, tip toothed, foot very short ; poUinia oblong. — Var. Chris- tiana, lR,.,f., has rose-madder sepals and white petals; var. purpurata, R. f., has rose-purple flowers. 6. P. tetraspiS; Beichb. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 146 ; in Gard. Chron! 1881, ii. 662, 656 ; flowers as in P. speciosa, but waxy white with 2 2-awned basal calli on the hairy disk. Bolfe in Gard. Chron. 1886, ii. 277. Andaman Islands, Col. Man. — Disteib. Sumatra. Leaves 12 by 2-4 in., cuneately obovate. Scape tall, stout, branched. — 1 have seen no flower of this. 7. P. Kunstleri^ Hooh. f. ; sepals obovate apiculate, petals rather smaller, tip rounded, lip shortly clawed, side lobes small broadly cuneate truncate, midlobe obovate with 7 thick parallel ridges, tip rounded. Peeak, Kunstler. Leaves 4-6 in,, obovate oblanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, acute, pale green. iiScope about equalling the leaves, 2-3 -fld. at the tip ; bracts very small, ovate j flowers Plialmnnpsis.'] cxLviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 31 1 in. diam. ; sepals and petals dull yellow greeu mottled closely with dull red for the basal half; lip small, white, side lobes erect streaked with red, mid lobe red purple between the ridges ; forked appendage small, with a 2-lobed callus behind it ; colurau about half the length of the lip ; pollinia globose, strap short, cuneate, gland quadrate. — Described from dried flowers and a drawing of the whole plant in Hort. Calcutt. ** Lateral sepals inserted by a broad base on the elongate foot of the column. 8. P. Esmeralda, Eeichb. f. in Gard. Ghron. 1874, ii. 582 ; lateral sepals orbicular-ovate, petals broadly obovate, claw of lip long geniculate with two narrow recurved auricles, side lobes broadly falcately obovate, midlobe oblong. Rev. Hortic. 1877, t. 107; Warner Orchid. Alb. vii. t. 21 . Moral Mag. ^. S. t. 358 ; Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 1886, ii. 276 ; Orchidoph. 1881, t. 9. P. antennifera, Beichb. f. in Gard. Ghron. 1878, 398 ; 1882, 520 ; Bolfe I. c. 1886, ii. 276. BuEMA, Hort. Low. — Distrib. Cochin China. Leaves 4i-Q m. Scape 1-2 ft., simple or branched, slender ; rachis elongate; flowers 1 in. diam., amethystine; side lobes of lip erect, appressed, red -purple ; disk with a 2-awned callus in front of the auricles, and a raised thickened fleshy ridge from the base of the side lobes to the tip of the midlobe. 9. P. Parishii, Beichb. f. in Gard. Ghron. 1865, 410 ; 1871, 802 ; Xen. Orchid, i. 144, t. 156, f. 1. in Saunders' Beftig. Bat. t. 85 ; flowers small, lateral sepals subrotund, lip short sessile, side lobes small falcate, midlobe much broader shortly stipitate reniformly cordate. Bat. Mag. t. 6815; Bolfe in Gard. Ghron. 1886, ii. 276. Eastern Himalaya, Lohb, Mann. Cachae, Keenan. Tekasserim, Lohh. Leaves 3-5 in., linear or obovate-oblong. Scape 3-4 in., 6-8-fld. ; flowers f in. diam.; sepals and obovate petals cream-cold. ; lip mobile, purple-brown ; disk with a narrow 4-awned appendage at the base overlapping a much broader ciliate lamina ; rostellum 3-partite. — The figure in Saunders' Refug. is of var. Lobbii, R. f. which has a white lip with two chestnut bands. SPECIES OF DOTTBTPUL POSITION. P. PUSCATA, Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1874, ii. 6 ; " allied to P. Cornn-cervi^ roots short, leaves very broad oblong obtuse acute, flowers medium-sized, sepals oblong obtusely acute, petals cuneately oblong obtuse, lip 3-partite, side segments ligulate retuse one toothed on each side, umbonate on the middle of the lower side, mid-segment oblong acute keeled in the middle, base with a 2-toothed callus, and with an aristate ligula on each side behind it, column not angled (exangulata) at the base." — Malayan Peninsula, Bort. Bull.— Char SLcters from Reichenbach 1. c, who does not describe the inflorescence, or whether the column has a foot or not. 54. DORXTZS, Lindl. Characters of PhalcBnopsis, and having the same 2-awned plate on the disk of the lip, but the column is narrowly winged, its foot longer forming a spur-like mentum with the side lobes of the lip. — Species 5, Indian and Malayan. D. pulcherrima, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7348 {Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 178, Beichb. f. Xen. OrcTiJfi. ii. 7), a Siam species, with flowers nearly 1 in. diam. in a panicle 2-3 ft. long, probably occurs in the Straits region. 1. D. tsenialis, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 574 ; scape short few-fld., mentum acute, side lobes of lip very narrow spathulate reflexed on the disk, tips of the forked appendage of the lip hooked, .brides tuiniale, 32 cxLViii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) \_Dontis. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 239 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc, iii. 41. M. carnosura, Griff. Notul. iii. 365 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 338 A. Subtropical Himalaya ; from Kumaon, alt. 3-6000 ft., eastwards to Bhotan, the Khasia Mts., Mtjnnipoke and Buema. Moots 1-3 ft., flat, f-j in. broad, forming large tortuous tufts. Leaves few, 3-5 in., obovate-oblong, obtuse or subacute, narrowed to the sessile base, soft when dry. Scape 1-2 in. ; bracts small, broad ; flowers | in. diam., mauve purple ; midlobe of lip dark red or purple. Capsule \\ in., fusiform. 2. D. Wig*htii, BentJi. in Gen. Plant, iii. 574; scape elongate simple or branched, side lobes of spreading lip broad cuneate-obovate, midlobe obcordate. Phalasnopsis Wightii, Beichb.f. in Bot. Zeit. 1862, 214. iErides latifolium, Thwaites JSnum. 430. Eastern Himalaya; Sikkim (Ic. in Hart. Calcutt.) ; Bhotan, Lister. Chitta- GONG (Sort. Calcutt.). Buema ; Moulmein, Parish; Mougong, Griffith. The CiECARS, Reyne. Malabar, Wight, &c. Ceylon, Thwaites. Habit of D. tcenialis, but leaves rather larger, scape much longer, and lip very diflerent. 55. RKVNCKOSTVI.ZS, Plume. Epiphytic, stem stoat leafy, pseudobulbs 0. Leaves very thick, linear, 2-lobed. Flowers in long dense drooping cylindric racemes, bright-cold. Sepals and broader petals obtnse, spreading, contracted at the base. Lip adnate to the base of the column, deeply saccate, mouth of sac pubescent within, side lobes 0, outer margin produced into a clawed dilated limb. Column short stout, foot 0 ; rostellum shortly beaked ; anther imperfectly 2-celled ; pollinia 2, subglobose, 2-cleft, strap filiform, gland small. — Species 2 or 3, Indian or Malayan. R. retusa. Plume Pijdr. 286, t. 49 ; leaves deeply channelled keeled prsemorse or retuse, raceme drooping, sac cylindric much longer than the limb of the lip. R. prsemorsa. Plume I. c. R. guttata, Reichb.f. in Ponpland. ii. 93. R. Garwalica, Beichb.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 888. Saccolabium gutta- tum, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7308 ; Gen. dif Sp. Orchid. 220 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 32 ; Pot. Mag. t. 4108 ; Wight Ic. t. 1745-6 : Palz. Sf Gibs. Pomb. Fl. 263; Hartm. Parad. ii. t. 3; Orchidoph. 1888, 273 (var. gigantea) ; De Vriese Orchid, t. 14. Warner Sel. Orrhid. Ser. 2, t. 18 ; Griff. Ic. PI. Asiat. t. 819. S. praemorsura, Lindl. I. c. 221. S. Rheedii, Wight Ic. v. 19. S. vetnsum, Fl. des Serres xiv. 191, 1. 1463-4. S. Heathii, Hort., ex Gard. Chron. 1885, 369. S. B\vLmei,Lindl. Sert. t. 47 ; in Bot. Beg. 1841, Misc. 55 ; 111. Hortic. t. 545 ; Pu2/dt. t. 37 ; Warner Orchid. Alb. 1. 169 and t. 238 (var.) ; Pescator. t. 21. S. garwalicum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 32; in Gard. Chron. 1879, 102. Sarcanthus guttatus, Lindl. in Pot. Beg. t. 1443. brides gut- tatum, Roxh. Fl. Ind. iii. 471 ; Begel Gartenfi. 1863, 415. M. retusum, Swartz in Schrad. Diar. 1799, 130; Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 130; Grah. Cat. Pomb.Pl. 204i. JSj. sipica,tu.ru, PonProdr. 31. Al. praemorsum, Willd. I. c. Limodorum retusum, Swartz in Nov. Act. Upsal. vi. 80. Epidendrum retusum, Linn. Sp. PI. 1351. E. Hippiura, IIerb.\Pam. — Bheede IIort.\Mal. xii. t. 1. Teopical Himalaya, from Garwhal eastwards to Assam and Tenasserim, and southwards to Bengal, the Western Peninsula and Ceylon. — Disteib. Malay Islands. Stem stout, creeping in trees. Leaves 6-20 by -1-2 in., curved. Racemes 4-18 in. ; bracts broad, obtuse, membranous ; flowers ^-f in, diam., white blotched with piak or violet; lateral sepals gibbously orbicular-ovate, obtuse or apiculate, dorsal oblong; Rhynchodylis.] cxLViii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 33 petals elliptic, obtuse; epi chile of lip very variable in size, usually cuneiform, entire or emarginate at the tip, disk flat or obscurely channelled. Capsule l-l^ in., clavate. — Lindley errs in describing the fruit of B. Oarwalica as different from JR. retusa, also in describing the blade of the lip of Sacc. guttatum as lanceolate, which misled Wight, who founded his S. Bheedii on the difference. SPECIES UNKNOWN TO ME. Saccolabittm Berkeleyi, Reichb. f. in- Gard Chron. 1883, i. 814 ; from the author's remarks (there is no description) this appears to be near B. retusa, but the lip is acute ; the flowers are white with| amethyst spots. Its habitat is unknown, but probably Indian. Saccolabium littoeale, Beichh. f. I.e. 1881, ii. 198, has very long leaves, a short raceme, and the epichile cucullate, keeled and turned obliquely on one side. 56. SARCOCKZXiUS, Br. Epiphytes, stem short or long, pseudobulbs 0. Leaves distichous, cr 0 at flowering time. Flowers racemose or spicate. Sepals spreading ; lateral adnate by a narrow base to the base of the column, or by a broad base to its foot, and sometimes to the lip also. Petals usually narrower. Lip sessile or clawed, very varied in form, side lobes small or large fleshy or petaloid, midlobe sometimes reduced to a pubescent callus, disk very various with often a callus or spur within. Column short or long, foot more or less produced ; anther 2-celled ; poUinia 2, sulcate, or 4 in pairs, strap short broad. Capsule usually long, strict, slender. — Species about 40 known, tropical Asiatic, Australian and Pacific. A polymorphous genus, no doubt to be dismembered when better known. The following attempt to group the Indian species possibly indicates the lines upon which some of the genera may be established. A. Flowers loosely inserted all round the rachis of a more or less elongate raceme or spike. * Lateral sepals inserted by a narrow base to the hose of the column, or base of the column and sides of the lip. Foot of column 0 or very short. Sect. I. Lip shortly clawed. Column short; rostellum minute. Pteroceeas, Sasselt. (Sp. 1-4.) Sect. II. Lip sessile or subsessile. Column long; rostellum very long, slender. Steeeochilus, Lindl. (Sp. 5.) Sect. III. Lip long-clawed. Column short ; rostellum very short. (Sp. 6-7.) Sect. IV. Stem elongate, scandent. Lip sessile. Column short ; rostellum very long ; strap of globose pollinia very slender, gland minute. Miceopeea, Lindl. (Sp. 8-11.) ** Lateral sepals inserted by a very broad base to the elongate foot of the column. Sect. V. Leafless when flowering. Stem 0. Side lobes of lip large, erect, mid- lobe a tomentose pulvinus. Chiloschista, Lindl. (Sp. 12-15.) Sect. VI. Leafing and flowering together. Lip various. (Sp. 16-19.) B. Flowers in very short spikes at the apex of a slender scape, bracts persistent, imbricate. Sect. VII. PoENicARiA. (Sp. 20-26.) C. Flowers distichous on a compressed rachis, which is pectinate from the uniform persistent laterally compressed fleshy bracts. Sect. VIII. Peduncles stout, solitary. Lip stipitate, articulate with the foot of the column. Cuculla. (Sp. 27-33.) Sect. IX. Peduncles filiform, fascicled. Lip sessile. Ridleya. (Sp. 34.) Sect. I. Pteroceras, Sasselt (gen.). (See above.) 1. S. auaveolenSy Hook. f. ; leaves lorate acutely 2-fid, raceme TOL. TI. D 84 cxLViii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Sarcochilus. elongate^ glabrous, side lobes of lip falcate, midlobe decurved with a re- curved tip. brides suaveolens, JRoxb. M. Ind. iii. 473. Ornitharium stria- tulum, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. iii. 473 {-figure had). Ornithochilus striatulus, Hort. Calcutt. Thrixspernnim teres, Reichb. /. Xen. Orchid. ii. 121, 123 t. 140 {excl. syn,), in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 136. CuiiTLQcO-sOr, RoxhurgJi. Tenasseeim; at Moulmein, Pam^. 8tem slender, scandent. Leaves 3-5 by f-f in., many-nerved, coriaceous, base contracted. Racemes 3-6 in., shortly peduncled, lax-fld. ; rachis stout; bracts small, rounded ; flowers \-\ in. diam., yellow speckled with red, very fragrant ; lip rather laterally compressed ; midlobe light purple or speckled with pink. — Eeichenbach has referred this to the Javan P. radicans, Hassk. [LendrocoUa teres, Blume), a very much larger plant, with oblong obtusely 2-lobed or notched leaves, racemes 2-3 ft. long, and larger flowers (of which there is a drawing in Herb. Liudl.). The lip is cui'ious, the limb being a terete spur with a minute mouth close to the claw, much as in Micropera and Sarcochilus Berhelexji. 2. S. muriculatus, RelcJih. f. in Gard. Chron. 1881, ii. 198; leaves 6-9 in. lorate, racemes very short, peduncle and rachis viscid, lip shortly clawed saccate, side lobes broadly ovate obtuse, midlobe small, obtusely 2-partite pubescent. Andaman Islands, Kurz, Berkeley. Stem 6-8 in., stout, rooting below. Leaves 1-in. broad, obliquely notched or 2-lobed, lobes rounded. Scape with raceme 2^-3 in., strict ; bracts broad, obtuse ; flowers about ^ in. diam., light yellow, sweet-scented ; sepals and petals with two purple bars ; column rather long ; anther ovate, poUinia globose, strap short flat, gland small. — The lip is that of Sect. II. 3. S. stenogrlottis, HooJc.f.; stem very short stout, leaves broadly lorate, tip broad rounded emarginate, peduncle shorter than the leaves pendulous many-fld., sepals subsimilar oblong obtuse, petals as long narrower obovate-oblong acute, lip nearly as long as the sepals very narrow laterally flattened curved shortly clawed, with two small rounded auricles beyond the claw, an elongated cup with toothed m.argins along the top and an ellipsoid compressed terminal spur. ? Perak, Scortechini. — Distrib. Sumatra, King's Collector. Stem as thick as the thumb. Leaves decurved, 6-10 by 1^-2 in., nearly flat. Peduncle, 3 in., stout, deflexed, dull purple; bracts very small, ovate; pedicel with ovary ^ in.; flowers i— | in. diam., very pale primrose; sepals and petals many- nerved ; lateral sepals with faint red bars near the base ; lip white, the elongated cup on the upper margin is edged with pink, and extends for about two-thirds of its length, a perforation at the distal end leads to the hollow compressed ellipsoid straight spur, which is in a straight line with the body of the lip, and resembles a terminal lobe ; column winged narrowly to near the base, tip acute, rostellum beaked ; anther shortly beaked, membranous ; pollinia long, strap spathulate, gland small. — Described from similar materials as 8. aureus. 4. S. brachygrlottis, Hook. f. ; stem very short, leaves elongate oblanceolate acuminate, peduncle short few-fld., sepals spreading subequal lanceolate acuminate, tips horned at the back, petals nearly as long oblong- obovate obtuse, lip very small laterally flat as seen in profile subcuneate and obtusely 3-lobed in front, column very short subglobose, foot 0. Peeak, King's Collector. Stem 1-2 in., curved. Leaves 4-8 by 1-1^ in., pendulous, finely acuminate, nearly flat, keeled beneath. Peduncle 1 in., stout ; bracts minute, broad, persistent; flowers i in. diam. ; sepals and petals white with a faint pink blush, nerves obscure; lip not half the length of the sepals, adnate to the foot of the column, so compressed Sarcorhilus.] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 35 that the sides are almost in contact, leaving a narrow slit along the top as the opening to the cavity ; of the three short lobes seen in looking sideways at it, that towards the column represents the side lobes, a shorter below it a spur ? and the interme- diate the apex of the lip ; there are no internal caruncles or sepals ; the edges of the lip are smooth and yellow, and there are a few red spots on the side ; column with a narrow base, very oblique top, sloping backwards, and very concave, face ; rostellum minute, erect, 2-fid; anther shortly beaked, 2-celled ; pollinia globose, strap short, gland oblong. — It is impossible to describe the form of the minute lip of this curious species intelligibly. I shall hope to give figures of it and of 5*. aureus in King's '* Annals of the Calcutta Botanical Gardens." Sect. II. Stereochilus, Lindl. (gen.). (See p. 33.) 5. S. hirtus, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 676 ; leaves lorate very thick straight horizontal, raceme pubescent, lip a conical sac with short acute 2-toothed side lobes and a large double callus below the column within. Stereochilus hirtus, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 58. Khasia Mts., alt. 5000 ft., J. B. E. Sf T. T. Tenasserim, Parish. Stem very short. Leaves 3-5 in., very thick. Racemes 1-3 in., drooping ; peduncle and rachis slender; bracts short, broad, membranous ; flowers -^-^ in. diam., pink, pubescent ; lateral sepals adnate to the obscure foot of the column and base of lip ; petals narrower, falcate, obtuse ; lip white and pink ; column white; anther purple, long-beaked, 2-celled ; pollinia 4, oblong, stipitate in pairs on the spathulate end of a very long slender strap, gland minute. Capsule not seen. — Lindley errs in describing the lip as solid with a pair of horns at the base ; it is a conical cup, the mouth oblong, and the horns are the 2-fid side lobes which appear to rise out of the cup. The callus below the column is that of Cleisostoma, and the strap and stipitate pollinia are those of Sdccolab. § Uncifera. Sect. III. (Seep. 33.) 6. S. aureus, Hooh.f.; stem very short, leaves large long loriform 2-lobed, peduncle stout several-fld., flowers large, sepals lanceolate acumi- nate many-nerved, petals subsinailar, lip shorter than the sepals, claw long narrow rigid linear, side lobes falcately cuneate, midlobe a short erect crest at the jjase of the globose subdidymous spur. Perak, King's Collector. Stem as stout as the little finger. Leaves 4-10 by 1^2 in., very coriaceous, keeled. Peduncle from below the leaves, 2-7 in., stout, nearly straight ; flowers scattered towards the end of the peduncle ; bracts very short, broadly ovate, per- sistent ; pedicel with ovary f in., straight ; sepals 1 in., and petals golden yellow ; lip about -i shorter than the sepals, claw caruncled where it expands to meet the blade, and then perforated for the passage to the globose spur ; side lobes erect, white barred ''with dull pink ; disk with a caruncled transverse crest over the base of the spur ; column stout, rostellum inconspicuous ; anther very shortly beaked, pollinia globose, strap subspathulate, gland narrow. — A beautiful species, described from several drawings lent by Herb. Calcutt. and the analysis of dried flowers. 7. S. cladostachys, IlooJc.f.-, stem very short, leaves loriform tip narrowed bifid, peduncle much shorter than the leaves clavate few-fid., sepals and petals narrowly elliptic-lanceolate finely acuminate, lip shorter than the sepals, claw narrow rigid linear, side lobes oblong obtuse, midlobe 3-fid, side lobules quadrate retuse, mid-lobule (spur?) short rounded. Malaya, Kunstler {Ic. in Serb. Calcutt.). ? Pebak, Ic. Scortechini. Stem 1 in., not very stout. Leaves recurved and pendulous, 6-12 by I5-2 in., flat, keeled. Peduncle \\ in. or more, green; bracts ovate; pedicel with ovary -J in. ; flowers white, 1^ in. diam. j sepals fin. long, and petals spreading, cream-cold.; D 2 36 CxLviii. oRCHiDfi^. (J. t). Hooker.) [Sareochilus, claw of lip spotted with purple, lateral lobes purple, midlobe creara-eold., spur speckled with purple; column rather short ; anther hardly beaked, yellow, poUinia subglobose, strap short. — Described from a drawing in the Calcutta Gardens. Evidently allied to S. aureus in the form of the lip, but the whole plant is much smaller. The peduncle is clavate, the sepals and petals much smaller and narrower, and as well as the lip differently coloured. Scortechini's drawing is of a young plant. Sect. IV. MiCROPERA, Lindl. (gen.). (See p. 33.) 8. S. purpureus^ ^en^A. WS5. ; raceme peduncledlax-fld., flowers pale purple, lip strongly laterally compressed hatchet-shaped, side lobes 0, sac with a strong included recurved spine nnder the tip. Micropera pallida, Wall. Ca^. 7321 {in part). Camarotis purpurea, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7329; Ge7i. Sf Sp. Orchid. 219 ; Sert. Orchid, t. 19; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 37 ; Paxt. Mag. Bot. vii. t. 25. G. Tostrsita, Beichb.f. in Walp. Ann. y'i. SSI. brides rostratum, Roxh. Fl. Lnd. iii. 474. Khasia Mts., near Churra. Silhet and Chittagono, Roxburgh, WalUch., ka. Stem 2-3 ft., as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves 3-4 by i in., obtusely 2-lobed, toothed or notched. Racemes equalling or exceeding the leaves, laxly many-fld. ; bracts short, broad ; flowers ^-f in. diam. ; sepals and rather smaller petals very obtuse; beak of column turned on one side, flexuous. Capsule 1^-2 in. long, slender. 9. S. Xtoxburgrhii^ HooJc.f.; raceme long-peduncled decurved rather dense, flowers cream-white, lip slipper-shaped laterally compressed, side lobes large rounded, sac with, an exserted spine under the tip. Micropera pallida, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. under t. 1522 ; in Wall. Cat. 7321 {in part) ; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 219. Camarotis pallida, Lindl. in Journ. JAnn. Soc. iii. 37. - Scopa, Peichh. f. mss. in Herb. Kew {llhTi:s.BT^QriociVim)\ leaves linear-oblong sessile obtuse, peduncle rather longer than the leaves, sepals and petals lanceolate with very long capillary tails many-nerved, lip shortly stipitate saccate, side lobes falcate acute, midlobe small acute papillose, disk with a columnar callus. Perak ; at Larut, on branches of trees, King's Collector. Stem and roots like those of S. lilacinus ; internodes 2 in. Leaves 3-4 in., coriaceous. Peduncle 2-3 in., at right angles to the stem ; raceme 1 in. ; bracts A in., ensiform, subacute; sepals 1^ long and petals many-nerved, margins of lip papillose. 29. S. Scort echini, ^00^. y. ; leaves oblong lorate 2-1 obed, peduncle very long rather slender, sepals and petals lanceolate with long narrow tips, lip saccate, side lobes short, midlobe conical obtuse fleshy. JSarcocJiilus.] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 41 Peeak, ScoTtechini. Stem 6 in., very stout, covered by the sheaths, internodes f in. Leaves 4-6 by 1-1| in., coriaceous. Peduncle equalling or longer than the leaves (9 in. in Ic. Scort.) ; raceme 2 in., bracts close set, f in. long ; sepals 2^ in. long, ^ in. broad at the base and petals yellow; lip yellowish, thickly mottled with rusty red outside; pollinia 4, 2 much smaller, adnate to the larger; gland lunate, strap oblong. Capsule 4r-5 by -i- in. — I know these noble species only from a drawing and description by Scortechini. 30. S. Arachnites, Reichh.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 498 ; stem elongate, leaves loriform, peduncles shorter than the leaves, sepals and petals linear- lanceolate caudately acuminate 3-5-nerved, lip saccate, side lobes falcate, midlobe tongue-shaped laterally flattened obtuse puberulous. S. serrae- forrais, Reiclib. f. I.e. Dendrocolla Arachnites, Blume Bijdr. 287, t. 67. -brides Arachnites, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orekid. 238. Liparis serrseforrais, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 1946; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 33 (ea-c^. Ceylon plant). Thrixspermum Arachnites, Reichh.f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 121. Assam, Jenkins, Mann. Khasia Mts., alt. 4000 ft., Clarke. Tenasserim and Tavoy, Wallich, Parish. Penan &, Kunstler {Ic. in Sort. CalcufL). — Distkib. Java. Stem 6-12 in., curved or tortuous, internodes short; roots most numerous and long. Leaves 3-6 by ^— | in. Peduncles many, 2-4 in., solitary or in pairs, bracts ^ in. ; sepals and petals 1\ in., yellow ; lip mottled with red ; column very short ; pollinia oblong, curved, strap very small, quadrate, gland still smaller, lunate. Capsule 2-2^ in. 31. S. complanatus, Hooh. f. ; habit, foliage and inflorescence of 5. Arachnites, but flowers very much smaller, sepals and petals ^-^ in. acute not caudate, lip a small sessile cup with an incurved minute midlobe and a callus in the concavity. Dendrocolla serrseformis, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 33 {the Ceylon plant only) ; Thwaites Enum. 307. Epidendrum complanatum, Betz Obs. vi. 50. Limodorum complanatum, W^illd. Sp. PI. iv. 126 ; Undl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 127. Ceylon, Macrae, Walker ; Ambagamowa and Saffragam districts, rare, Thwaites. Like S. Arachnites. I can distinguish it only by the very different flower and form of the lip ; and for these characters I am indebted to a copy of a drawing in the Peradeniya Bot. Garden. Tlie leaves vary from 2-7 by i-f in., obtuse or un- equally notched ; the peduncle from 1-3 in., and the raceme from 1-5 in. ; capsule 2-2^ in,, linear, straight ; pollinia 4 in unequal pairs narrow, quite distinct, and without strap or gland in the figure. — There is a specimen of this in Herb'. Rottler, without habitat, named Epidendrum complanatum, Retz. Obs. vi. 50. 32. S. brachystachys, HooJc.f. ; stem rigid, sheaths i-f in. strongly ribbed when dry, leaves oblong, peduncle with the few-fld. raceme much shorter than the leaves, sepals oblong and obovate-oblong petals obtuse, side lobes of sessile lip falcate incurved, midlobe as long fleshy oblong, spur scrotiform. Penang ; on blocks of stone amongst decayed leaves, Maingay. ■ Stem as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves 2^-3 by |-1 in., obtuse, notched. Peduncles at every node with the raceme 1 in,, very stout, rigid ; bracts 3-4, \ in. long, rouuded ; sepals and petals about 1 in. long, keel narrowly winged ; column very short ; anther low, not beaked. 33. S. pauciflorus, -H'oo^\/. ; stem rigid, leaves rather distant ob- long obtuse, peduncle much shorter than the leaves 2-3-fld., sepals oblong- lanceolate acute, petals nearly as large obovate-oblong obtuse, lip stipitate, 42 cxLViii. ORCHiDEJ!!. (J. D. Hooker.} [Sarcochilus, side lobes broad rounded obtuse, midlobe small fleshy obtuse with a conic callus at its base, sac or spur short recurved obtuse. Perak ; on the Larut range, alt. 3000 ft,, Scortechini. Stem I in. diam., flexuous. Leaves 2i-3 by l^-l-^^ in., coriaceous. Peduncle with raceme 1 in., basal sheaths imbricate ; bracts f in., "subacute ; sepals | in. long, white ; lip yellow, with a broad lamella between the side lobes j column very short ; anther depressed ; pollinia 2, each 2-lobed, strap short. Sect. IX. EiDLEYA, gen. ? (See p. 33.) 34. S- notabiliS) Sooh.f. Ic. Plant, ined.; sepals and petals filiform from a narrowly lanceolate 3-nerved base, lip sessile at the base of the column deeply saccate, mouth dilated, tip contracted into a capillary tail. SiNGAPOEE, Eidley. Stem very short. Leaves 1^-2 in., subsessile, elliptic oblong, strongly striate when dry. Peduncles 3 or more from one point on the stem, 4^ in. long, curved, naked ; raceme 2f in., rachis \ in. diam. across the ovate incurved coriaceous subacute bracts ; pedicel and ovary very slender, \ in. long ; perianth very membranous, white ? sepals and petals | in, long, 3-nerved at the base ; lip a large sac rounded at the base, delicately veined ; column very short, foot 0 ; anther low, feembranous, 2-celled ; pollinia 2, clavate, sessile on a rather large gland. — A very singular and beautiful little plant, which I hesitate to remove from Sarcochilus as a genus, and dedicate to its discoverer. It closely resembles in flower 8. Arachnites, but the stemless habit, foliage, inflorescence and footless column are very diff'erent. SPECIES UNKNOWN TO ME OB IMPEErECTLY KNOWN. Thrixspeemum Freemani, Eeichl. f. in Gard. Chron. 1877, 749; dwarf, roots warted, leaves 6-7 by 1\ in. ligulate unequally 2-toothed, racemes many-fld., bracts semiovate larger than the small ovary, sepals linear long narrow, petals a little shorter, lip small saccate 3-toothed, with 4 small stipitate globose warted bodies before the base, centre white, lateral parts yellow with brown streaks. — Assam, Freeman. — Kaceme like a yellow-brownish spotted broom. S. siLLEMiANUS, Meichh.f. in Gard. Chron. 1882, i. 524 ; habit of Vanda teres, leaves slender elongate terete, peduncle 2-fld., bracts very short triangular, flowers milk-white suff'used with yellow, mentum long, dorsal sepals elliptic, lateral cuneate- oblong, petals obtusely rhomboid, lip erect trifid, spur corniform nearly as long as the pedicel of the ovary, side lobes subquadrate striped with purple, midlobe shorter thick retuse 4-grooved, white outside with 2 purple blotches, yellow within, calli 0, column short thick, anther inappendiculate. — Burma ? S.— Sect. Cuculla ; ve?,emh\es, S. hrachystachys, but stem much more slender, internodes |-1 in., not strongly ribbed when dry. — Mergui, Griffith (No. 1124). S. — Sect. Cuculla ; resembles S. Arachnites, but capsule 4 in. long and pro- portionately stout. — Perak, Scortechini. S. — Sect. Cuculla; a very small species ; stem 1-2 in., curved, peduncle 1 in., slender, bracts few distant acute, young capsule 1 in., very slender. — Khasia Hills, at Amwee, J. B. S. Sc T. T. 57. TRZCKOGIiOTTZS, Blume. Epiphytes ; stem elongate, leafy. Leaves distichous, flat, narrow. Flowers in branched panicles or solitary or few in very short racemes. Sepals and petals widely spreading oblanceolate or subspathulate. Lip adnate to the sides of the very short column, narrow, base saccate or spurred ; side lobes one or.two pairs of narrow processes ; midlobe straight, or decurv©d from the middle, hairy. Column very short, sides produced into Sarcochilus.'] cxlviii. oeohidejE. (J. D. Hooker.) 43 2 spurs or horns ; anther incompletely 2-celled ; pollinia 2, globose, strap rather short, gland moderate. — Species 3 or 4 .^ Malayan. In the absence of good materials, I am doubtful as to the correctness of the above definition of Trichoglottis. Bentham refers Blume's T. retusa to Saccolahium ; and by replacing that author's character of " lip adnate to the whole length of the column, with a process on each side," by "lip adnate to the foot of the column and forming with it a long horizontal spur-like mentum " and omitting that of a hairy lip, he excludes the others. I am disposed to regard the hairy-lipped species figured by Blume in his Bijdragen (2'. retusa, 360, fig. viii.) as the type of the genus. That this is Kurz's and Reichenbach's view appears from the plants they have referred to it. In this case Trichoglottis is referable to the group with no foot to the column. There are amongst Scortechini's drawings of Perak Orchids, one or two that are referable to this genus, but the analyses are insufficient. 1. T. Dawsoniana, Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1872,699; flowers panicled pale green spotted with brown or purple, sepals and petals cuspi- date on the back below the concave tip, lip saccate at the base tip 2-fid. Cleisostoma Dawsoniana, ReicKb.f. in Qard. Chron. 1868, 815. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Parish. S^em 1-2, ft., stout, rooting, ieave* few 3-6 by f-1 in.. Panicle 18 in., erect, stijff, branches spreading ; bracts broadly ovate ; pedicel with ovary \ in. ; flowers 1-1^ in. diam. ; anther 2-lobed, crested ; pollinia large, strap short slender. — Near T.fasciata, R. f., erroneously supposed to be a native of Ceylon, of which there is a fine drawing in Hort. Calcutt., giving Manilla as the habitat. 2. T. quadricornuta, Kurz in Journ. Beng. As. 8oc. xlv. 156, t. 13 ; glabrous, leaves linear-lanceolate subsessile acuminate, flowers solitary or 3-4-panicled, sepals obovate-oblong obtuse, petals similar but narrower, lip strongly arched inflexed 2 posterior lobes acute twice as long as the basilar, with a hirsute callus between them, terminal lobes reflexed linear 2-fid, with a callus under the tip, spur subobtuse rather longer than the midlobe. NicoBAB Islands ; forests of Kamorta, Kurz. Leaves 2-3-5 i"-> base narrowed, twisted. Flowers leaf-opposed; pedicel |- in.; sepals I in. long, laieial subfalcate ; column very short; pollinia globose. — Description from Kurz 1. c, 1 have seen no flowers. 58. aiRIDES, Lour. Epiphytes ; stem leafy, pseudobulbs 0. Leaves linear, coriaceous. Flowers usually many and highly coloured, in dense or lax decurved racemes (few large or sessile in Sect. 1.). Sepalshioad, spreading, lateral adnate to the base or foot of the column. L'etals broad, spreading. Lip spurred, side lobes large small or 0 ; midlobe larger than the side lobes or smaller and incurved between them. Column short, foot long or short, rostellum short or long and bifid ; anther 2-celled, beaked or not, pollinia 2, globose, sulcate; strap long or short, gland large or small. — Species about 10, Eastern Asiatic. I am indebted for aid in determining the cultivated species of Sect. ii. & iii. to Messrs. Veitch for specimens, and to great knowledge of his assistant, Mr. Kent, and of Mr. Rolfe (of the Kew Herbarium) for valuable information respecting them. Sect. I. Leaves terete, grooved in front. (See also ^. mitratum.) Peduncle 1-2-fld. Spur slightly incurved, with a callus half way down the tube. Anther shortly beaked. 44 ciLTiii. OROHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [brides. 1. S:. Vandarum, Beichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1867,997 ; 1875,590; 1885, ii. 629, fig. 143 ; leaves 6-10 in., peduncle stont, side lobes of lip nar- rowly lanceolate, outer margin toothed, midlobe clawed tip dilated 2-partite. M. cylindricum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4982 {not of Lindl.) ; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 41 {the Sikkim plant) ; Warner Orchid. Alb. iii. t. 116. SlJBTEOPICAL SiKKIM HIMALAYA, alt. 5000 ft., J. D. H. KHASIA HILLS, alt. 4-5000 ft., J. D. H. Sf T. T. Munnipoee, alt. 4000 ft., Watt. Stems 1-2 ft., tufted, as thick as a goose-quill ; roots ^ in. broad, flat. Leaves as thick as a duck's-quill. Peduncle 1-1^ in. ; flowers l|-2 in. diam., white ; perianth with crisped margins ; sepals obovate-oblong j petals broader ; side lobes of lip flexuous, as long as the cylindric spur; segments of midlobe orbicular, toothed ; pollinia globose ; strap narrowly cuneate, gland large. Capsule 1^-2^ in., fusiform. 2. SX, long'icornu, HooJc.f. Lc. Plant, ined.; leaves 6-8 in., peduncle very slender, side lobes of lip 2-partite, segments elongate subulate, mid- lobe narrow clawed, tip slightly dilated 2-fid. Mesoclastes uni^ora,, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 1993 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 45. Luisia uniflora, JBlume Mumph. iv. 50 ; Mus. Bot, i. 64 ; Lindl. FoL Orchid. 3. Nepal, WallicTi. Uppee Assam ; Naga Hills, alt. 5500 ft., Clarice. Much more slender than JE. Vandarum. Leaves as thick as a sparrow-quill. Peduncle Wn.', flowers 1 in. diam., white; perianth with crisped margins; lateral sepals much larger than the orbicular-oblong petals ; side lobes of lip shorter than the long spur, segments curved forwards, outer shortest, midlobe membranous, lobes divaricate. Capsule 2 in., fusiform ; peduncle and pedicel very slender. 3. IB. cylindricum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7317 ; Gen §^ Sp. Orchid. 240; leaves 2-6 in., peduncle short stout, side lobes .of lip oblong obtuse, midlobe short cuneiform fleshy many-ridged. Wight Lc. t. 1744 ; Ga,rd. Chron. 1875, i. 537 ; 1886, i. 405, fig. 81. Epidendrum subulatum, Betz Obs. vi. 50. Limodorum subulatum, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 126. Cymbidium elegans, Serb. Heyne. Deccan Peninsula; from the Coorg Hills, Heyne, to Travancore, Wight, &c. Stem elongate, as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves as thick as a crow-quill, very obliquely acuminate. Floioers 2-3, IJ in. diam., white or tinged with pink; sepals obovate-oblong, obtuse, lateral decurved ; petals broader, shorter ; side lobes of lip erect, nearly as large as the midlobe, which is yellowish at the base ; spur recurved ; column rather long ; strap of pollinia short, broad. Capsule 2 in., fusiform or sub- clavate. — The ridged lip is that of Vanda. Sect. II, Leaves lorate, keeled (semi-terete in ^. mitratum). Side lobes of lip very small, midlobe large; spur incurved. * Lip horizontal or inflexed. 4. HS. mitratum, Beichb. f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864, 415 ; leaves very long filiform, side lobes of lip minute uncinate, midlobe broadly ovate retuse, spur short inflated. Bot. Mag. i. 5728. Tenasslrim ; at Moulmein {Hort. Bay). Stem 1-2 in., and roots very stout. Leaves 2-3 ft., ^ in. diam., deeply grooved above. Racemes many, suberect, 3 in. long, cylindric ; peduncle very stout; bracts minute, acute; flowers | in. diam.; petals and sepals subsimilar, oblong, tips rounded, white or tipped with violet ; lip longer and broader than the sepals, violet ; spur contracted at the neck, inflated, compressed, base truncate, obtuse, tip pointing forwards. 5. ffi. multiflorum, Roxb. Cor. PL iii. 63, t. 271 ; Fl. Ind. iii. 475 ; midlobe of lip hastately ovate tip rounded, spur short straight. Belg. Sortie. 1876, 286; Walp. Ann. vi. 897. M. aflfine, Wall. Cat. 7316; brides.'] cxtvili. oiiCHtDE/il. CJ. t). Hooker.) 45 Lindl. Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 239 ; Sert. Orchid, t. 15 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. in. 41 ; £ot. Mag. t. 4049 ; Warner, Sel. Orchid. Ser. i. t. 21. M. roseum, Lodd., ex Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 109, t. 60; Jard. Fleur. ii. t. 200; Gartenfl. viii. 253, t. 267 ; III. Sortie, iii. t. 88.^ M. Lobbii, ILort. ex. III. Sort. 1868, t. 559 (an Teism. & Binn. ?). M. Veitchii, Sort, ex Morven in Belg. Hortic. 1876, 291 ; William's Man. 70. M. trigonum, Klotzch. in Otto & Dietr. Allgem. Gartenz. 1855, 177. Epidendrum geniculatum, Serb. Sam. Tropical Himalaya ; from Garwhal eastwards, the Khasia Hills, and south- ward to Tenasserim. Stem 4-10 in., stout. Leaves G-8 in., deeply channelled and keeled, variable in breadth, 2-lobed, Racemes 6-12 in., rarely branched, shortly peduncled j flowers f-l^ in. diam., rose purple, sometimes spotted with darker; sepals and petals sub- equal, oblong, tips rounded ; lip twice as long, sides recurved, claw geniculately inflexed, spur ^ as long as the midlobe, pointing forwards under it with an incurved fleshy 2-lobed callus on the base of the midlobe; column beaked; anther long- beaked, strap long slender. Capsule |-2 in., subclavate, stoutly pedicelled. — Common and variable. Lindley^ overlooked Roxburgh's works. In Griffith's Eastern Himalayan collections, a fruiting specimen of which is a different species, or perhaps a very large var. of this or the following, with leaves 12-14 by 1^ in.> and a stout raceme 12-16 in., the capsules are oi multijiorum, 6. m. Fielding-ii, Lodd. ex Morren in Belg. Sortie. 1876, 286, t. 10 ; characters of JE. multiflorum, but a much more robust plant, with a different habit of growth, and an acute apex of the hastate midlobe of the lip. Jenning's Orchid, t. 20 ; Beichh. f. in Samb. Gartenzeit. 1855, 225 ; Morven. Belg. Sortie. 1876, 286. M. Williamsi, Warner Sel. Orchid. Ser. i. t. 21. SiKKiM Himalaya and Assam. • I am indebted to Mr. Kent, of Messrs. Veitch's establishment, for calling my attention to the differences between this and J^. multijiorum. They are difficult of detection in Herbarium specimens. According to the published figures the flowers vary in colour, white, red, and purple. ^. Williamsi is a white flowered variety. The figure of ^. affi^ne in Bot. Mag. (cited above under multijiorum) is referred to Fieldingii by Morren, but it is of far too slender a habit. — The Foxbrush Orchid, of gardens. 7. .TO. maculosum, Lindl. in Bat. Beg. 1845, t. 58 ; in Gard. Chron. 1845, 691 ; midlobe of lip ovate tip broad obtuse or retuse margins undulate, spur slender uncinately incurved. Paxt. Mag. Bot. xii. t. 49; Walp. Ann. v. 897 ; Pescatorea, i. t. 33 ; Lindenia, i. t. 11. Saccolabium speciosum, Wight Ic. t. 1674, 1675. Western Ghats ; from the Concan to Trayancore. Rajpootana ; on Mt. Abo. Near ^. multijiorum., but stem shorter, leaves more flat, racemes more often branched, flowers larger but very variable in size, pale spotted with purple, tip bi'ight rose, spur longer and more slender. — Var. Schroederi, Jard. Fleurist. t. 54 ; Gardner's Mag. Bot. ii. 121, toith fig. ; Pesiatorea, t. 36. JE. illustre, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1882, 7, is a robust form with fewer shorter leaves, and large flowers blotched with purple, and amethystine tip. 8. H:. crispum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7319; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 239; in Bot. Beg. 1841, t. 65 ; in Gard. Chron. 1842, 711 {with Jig.) ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 41 ; midlobe of lip large broadly ovate-oblong obscurely 3-lobed crenate or toothed, spur very short obtuse. Bot. Mag. t. 4427 ; Dalz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. FL 265 ; Flore des Serres, v. t. 48 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 896; I^Z.Jaor^^c. 1847, 123; Gard. Chron. lSh2, 24^, with Fig.; Belg. Sortie. 1876, 287 ; Warner Orchid. Alb. vii. t. 293 {var.). M. Lindleyanum, Wight 46 oxLviii. OROHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [brides. Ic. t. .1677 his. ; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 41 ; Wall. I. c. 879. A. Brookeii, Lindl. in Gard. Ghron. 1841, 518 ; 1842, 559 ; Batem. in Bot. Beg. 1841, Misc. 55; Paxt. Mag. Bot. ix. t. 145; Flo7^e des Sevres, t. 151. A..JNj^ViQYi, Hort. Westebn Ghats ; from the Concan to Travancore. Stem 4-10 in., very stout. Leaves 4-8 in., from oblong to lorate, variable in breadth, thickly coriaceous, lobes unequal rounded. Racemes 8-12 in,, inclined or drooping, simple or branched; pedicels very robust; flowers 1^ in. diam., sweet- scented; sepals and petals very broad, pale rose; lip geniculately iuflexed at the claw, rose or purple, 2-cornute at the base ; spur much shorter than the blade, and projecting forwards under it ; anther long-beaked, strap of pollinia slender below, dilated above. Capsule l|-2 in., clavate or pyriform, angles subalate. — I find no character whereby to separate ^. Lindleyanum. Lindley says of ^. Brookeii, more odorous than ^. odoratum. 9. iE. falcatum, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 142 ; side lobes of lip half as long as tlie clawed midlobe dimidiate oblong or falcate, rnidlobe ovate or ovate-cordate sides replicate erose, spur parallel to the midlobe and concealed under it. Peichb. f. Xen. Orchid, i. 220, t. 92 ; Aforren Belg. Hortic. 1876, 288 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 897. M. Larpentae, Hort. Mahoy Prix Cour. 1862 ; Beichb. f. in Otto & Bietr. Gartenz. 1856, 219. M. retro- fractum, Wall. mss. TBSASSH.-RIM, Wallich, Parish, &G. Stem 6-8 in., robust. Leaves 8-12 by 1-1^ in. Raceme decurved or pendulous, lax-fid.; flowers l-l|i in. diam., white, pale-violet, purple or pink; sepals and petals often, tipped with a darker shade, and lip usually darker ; lateral sepals with a very broad base ; column beaked ; foot elongate; anther long-beaked; strap of pollinia slender, glsmd small. 10. lEt. crassifolium, Par. & Beichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 145 ; characters of .M. falcatum, but much more robust, with shorter leaves, dark purple flowers and the spur geniculate at the base and not' hidden Tinder the midlobe of the lip. Beichb. /. in Gard.Chron. 1877, i 633, and ii. 492, fig. 96; Otia Hamburg. 43; Warner Sel. Orchid. Ser. 3, t. 12. M. expansum, Beichb./. I. c. 1882, ii. 40. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Very nearly allied to JE. falcalum, the chief difi'erence being the form of the spur and that "the sides of the midlobe of the lip are so reflected as that their under surfaces meet. — Var. Leonce, Reichb. f. >n Bull. Soc. Tor. d'Orticult. x. t. 14; Williams' Orchid. Man. t. 14, is described as having retuse side lobes of the lip and an expanded midlobe. ** Lip deflexed. 11. HS. radicosum, A. Bich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. xv. 65, t. i. c. ; stem short very stout, leaves 4-10 by |-li in. unequally 2-lobed, racemes or panicles very stout rarely exceeding the leaves, sepals orbicular and rather smaller "^petals 5-nerved, side lobes of lip minute, midlobe ovate, disk with 2 large basal calli, spur longer than the sepals stout incurved obtuse. Saccolabium Wightianum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7303 {in part) ; Got. Sf" Sp. Orchid. 221 {ea-cl. Syn.) ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 36 iexcl. Khasia) ; WigJit Ic. t. 917. S. rubrum, Wight Ic. 1673 {not of Lindl.). S. ringens, jCmdZ. in Wall. Cat. 7313; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 220; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 36 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 884. The Deccan Peninsula; on the Nilghiri and Pulney Hills, and at Quilon, Wight, &c. Stem as thick as the thumb. Leaves leathery, rigid, mottled with purple in brides.] cxlviii. orohidejb. (J. D. Hooker.) 47 Wight's S. ruhrum. Peduncle very short and stout ; raceme simple or sparingly branched, rachis stout ; bracts minute ; flowers f in. diam., bright red in Wight's S. ruhrum, nearly white with rosy tips in his S. Wightianum ; spur about as long as the blade of the lip, incurved, obtuse ; anther beaked ; strap of poUiuia short, subtriangular, gland large. Capsule -| in. long, pyriform, angled and grooved. 12. IS\. linear e, Hook. f. ; stem sliort stout, leaves 6-12 by \-i in. very unequally 2-lobed, panicle lon^ peduncled much branched longer than the leaves, flowers as in /E. radicosum, but rather smaller rose-cold. Saccolabium lineare, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7312. S. paniculatum, Wight Ic. t. 1676; Re\chh.f. in Bonpl. iii. 226. Cymbidium lineare, -2er&. Seyne. Deccan Peninsula. ; on the Ghats from Canara southwards, alt. 5-7500 ft., Wight, &c. Ceylon ; in the Doombera district, Thwaites. As far as 1 can judge from dried specimen ^. Uneare is with difficulty dis- tinguishable from JE. radicosum, except by the more slender very much branched panicle, and rather smaller flowers. Wallich's specimens of Sacc. lineare are very bad. — The synonyms of this and the preceding may be mixed. Sect, III, Leaves lorate, keeled. Midlobe of lip incurved between the much larger side lobes. 13. lEi. odoratum, Lour. Ft. Coch. 525 ; lobes of leaf large rounded, lateral sepals much larger than the dorsal and petals, midlobe of lip oblong-lanceolate acute entire or erose. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sj). Orchid. 239 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 41 ; £ot. Mag. 4139 ; Faxt. Fl. Gard. ii. t. 143 ; Flor. Gal. ii. 75; Maund Botanist, iv. t. 180; Knowles & West. t. 75; Hartm. Farad, ii. t. 4; Walp. Ann. vi. S98, Lindenia, t. 14Cvar.). M. cor- nutum, Foxb. Sort. Feng. 63 ; Fl. Ind. iii. 472; Lot. Beg. t. 1485. Teopical Himalaya ; Nepal, Wallich ; Sikkim, J". D.S". The Khasia Hills, SiLHET, Chittagong and Tenasseeim. The Concan, Heyne in Herb. Hottl. — DiSTRlB, Java, China, Cochin-China. Stem 4-12 in., very stout. Leaves 6-10 by f-lf in. iBaceme* many, 10-12 in. ; peduncle, and rachis stout; flowers purple to nearly white, sweet-smelling, often purple-spotted or -tipped ; side lobes of lip subcuneate, midlobe short ; spur very large, uncinately incurved; column short; anther obtuse ; strap of pollinia notlong, linear, gland small. Capsule 1-1|- in., oblong-clavate, angles obtuse ; pedicel \ in., very stout. Vae. bicuspidata ; midlobe of lip with a bicuspidate tip. — Malacca, Maingay (Kew Listrih. 1648). Peeak {Ic. in Fort. Calcut.). A specimen of this sent from Calcutta (Garden?) to Herb. Hooker by Dr. Carey is named by the latter JE. cornutum. 14. S:. suavissimuxn, Lindl. in Journ. Fort. Soc. iv. 263 ; in Faxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 141, t. 66; differs from ^, odoratum in the midlobe of the lip being longer and emarginate. Jat^d. Fleur. t. 213 ; Folfe in Gard. Ghron. 1890, i. 43; Walp. Ann. vi. 898, M. Eeichenbachii, Linden in Koch & Fintelm. Wochenschrift, 185S, 61; Feichb. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 11, t. 104. M. nobile, Warner Sel. Orchid. Ser. 1. t. 11 ; Gartenfl. 40, t, 641. ^ M. Rohanianum, Beichb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1884, i. 206. M. flavidum, Lindl. in Faxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 101. M. Ballantinianum, Feichb. f. in Gard. Ghron. 1885, ii. 198. Penang and Buema. Said to be the sweetest scented species of the genus, but more definite characters are wanting to distinguish it from JE*. odoratum. The sepals and petals are rosy with often darker tips, the spur yellow mottled red. ^. Ballantinianum is an early flowering form, 15. S:. Emericii, Feichb. /. in Gard. Chron. 1882, 586 ; lobes of 48 CXlYiiI. ORCHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [brides. leaf long narrow subacute, sepals longer than the petals, midlobe of lip lanceolate acute. Andaman Islands, Berkeley. Stem 6-8 in. Leaves 10-12 by f-1^ In., lobes much longer than in M. odoratum. Racemes 6-8 in. ; flowers ^ in. diam., pale lilac, pedicels 1 in., side lobes of lip rounded, entire ; spur short, stout ; foot- of column very short ; anther shortly beaked ; strap of pollinia long, linear. — Much the smallest flowered of the Indian species. SPECIES UNKNOWN TO ME. JE. Boeassi, Sam. ex. Smith in Bees Cyclop, xxxix. No. 8, is undeterminable. M. DECUMBENS, Griff'. Notul. iii. 365 {vnthout descript.) ; Ic. jPlant. Asiat. t. 320, fig. 1 ; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 423 ; from Mogoung in Burma. Stem very short. Leaves 2-4 in., elliptic, acute, many-nerved ; peduncles several, short, stout, f ew-fld. ; bracts small, triangular ; pedicels with ovary f in., erect j flowers I in. diam. ; lateral sepals very broad, obtuse. — This has the habit of a I^halcenopsis. JE. lasiopetalum, Willd..Sp. PL iv. 130, is undeterminable. JE. LEPIDUM, Eeichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1883, i. 466 ; leaves lorate obtusely 2-lobed, flowers white ascending, sepals and petals subequal oblong apiculate, tips and of lip and spur purple, side lobes of lip short triangular, midlobe larger triangular, spur filiform curved as long as the pedicelled, with a slender curved ascending tooth in the middle of the cavity. — British India, Berkeley. M. Mend ALII, Jenning's Orchid, under t. xxx., without description, is probably M.falcatum. M. PACHYPHTLLUM, EeicJih. f. in Gard. CTiron. 1880, ii. 230; leaves short most fleshy obtusely unequally 2-lobed, raceme short few-fld., sepals and rather shorter petals oblong-ligulate obtusely acute crimson-lake, side lobes of lip subtrian- gular short, midlobe purple triangular minute, spur white cylindric obtuse inflated longer than the pedicelled ovary, column white. — Burma {Sort. Feitch.). M. EIGIDUM, Sam. ex. Smith in Rees Cyclop, xxxix. No. 12, is undeterminable. 59. RENANTKERA, Lour. Epiphytes ; stem elongate, branched, leafy ; pseudobulbs 0. Leaver rigid, 2-lobed. Flowers large or medium sized, in lateral spreading panicles. Sepals narrow, widely spreading, dorsal erect, lateral deflexed or placed under the lip, oblanceolate or spathulate, at first parallel or connate. Petals narrow. Lip very small sessile, jointed on the base of the column, saccate, side lobes erect. Column short, truncate, foot 0 ; pollinia large, 2-grooved or 2-partite, strap short, gland transverse. — Species 6, Indian, Chinese and Malayan. 1. R. coccinea, Lour. Fl. Cochin Ch. ii. 637 ; flowers 2-2| in. diam., lateral sepals free, much larger than the dorsal, midlobe of lip ovate- lanceolate recurved. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 217 ; Bot. Reg. t. 1131 ; Bat. Mag. t. 2997-8 ; Faxt. Mag. t. 49; Beichh. Fl. Exot. t. 114 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 876. Tenasserim ; at the Moscos Isds., opposite Tavoy, ParisTi.— Distrib. Cochin China. Stem 1-3 ft., stout. Leaves 2-4 in., distant, oblong or shortly lorate. Peduncle 2-3 ft., erect ; branches long, divaricate, lax-fld. ; bracts very small, broad ; lateral sepals scarlet, dorsal and petals linear, orange -red, spotted ; lip yellow, tip of small spur and midlobe scarlet ; strap of pollinia linear acute. 2. R. elong-ata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 218 ; flowers f in. diam., sepals subequal lateral free, midlobe of lip tongue-shaped revolute with 2 Renanthera.'] cXLViii. ORCfiiDE)^. (J. D. Hooker.) 49 basal calli. ReicTih. f. Xen. Orchid, i. 88 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 876. E,. matutina, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1843, t. 41 {not of Gen. Sc 8p.) ; Prescatorea, i, t. 11. E. micrantha, Blume Mus. Bot. i. 60 ; Reichh. f. I. c. i. 87. Sacco- labium reflexum, Litidl. in Wall. Cat. 7309 ; Gen & Sp. Orchid. 225. SiNGAPOKE, Wallich. Peeak, Scortechini, &c. MALACCA, Griffith (Kew JDistrib. 5242), Mahigay {K. d. 1644) — DiSTEiB. Malay Islands. Habit and foliage of U. coccinea, but much more slender, bracts ovate reflexed, flowers much smaller aud more numerous, orange yellow with i*ed spots. Lip with the side lobes short, broad, margins revolute ; spur large, cylindric, obtuse, some- what recurved; strap of poUinia linear acuminate, gland small. Capsule 1 in., fusiform, angles acute. — King's collector describes the flowers as dark-red. 3. R. ang'ustifolia, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; flowers 1^ in. diam., lateral sepals lanceolate abruptly clawed, at first connate, midlobe of lip minute acute recurved. Pebak ; on Gunong Bata Patch, Wray. Stem as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves 4-5 by a-f in,, linear, recurved. Scape long, sparingly branched; pedicel with ovary 1-1^ in.; lateral sepals inserted by a point, and narrower dorsal acuminate ; side lobes of lip very small, rounded ; spur conico-cylindric j top of column hispid ; polleu large, oblong, strap broad, gland large. SPECIES UNKNOWN TO ME. R. HI8TRI0NICA, ReicJib.f. in Gard. Chron. 1878, ii. 74; low, leaves lanceolate acuminate, raceme laxly few-fld., sepals and petals cuneately ligulate obtusely acute, lip 3-fid, side lobes triangular, midlobe ligulate acute with two incumbent trian- gular or quadiate lamellae at its base, spur short conic. — Singapore ? or Malacca ?, Sort. Bay. Flowers yellow purple spotted and margined, lip white, side lobes spotted with purple, spur orange, column yellow and purple.— The first species with acuminate leaves. — Description from Reichb. 1. c. 60. VANDA, Br. Epiphytes ; stem leafy. Leaves very coriaceous or fleshy, flat keeled or terete, i^/oiwer* usually large, highly coloured, in simple lax or dense ra- cemes. Sepals and petals subequal, spreading or incurved, bases narrowed. Lip large, base usually saccate or spurred, side lobes large or sniall(rarely 0), placed on the sides of the sac or spur; midlobe various, fleshy, disk usually ridged or lamellate. Column short, stout j foot not or very shortly produced ; anther 2-celled ; rostellum obscure ; poUinia 2, didy- mous, subglobose or obovoid, strap broad short or long geniculate, gland rather large (slender in § Anotis and gland small). — iSpecies about 20, tropical Asiatic and Australian. Sect. I. EuvANDA. Sepals and. petals widely spreading (not incurved). Lip with erect side lobes. Strap of poUinia flat, geniculate, gland large. * Leaves terete. Scape few-fld. See also JErides cylindricum. 1. V. teres, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7324; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 217; Fol. Orchid. 7; in Bot. Reg. t. 1809; midlobe of lip 2-fid., lobes hatchet- shaped, sac long conical. Bot. Mag. t. 4114 ; Paxt. Mag. v. t. 193; Griff. Notul. iii. 352 ; Warn. Sel. Orchid. Ser. iii, t. 2 ; Reichenhachia, i. t. 27 Rev. Hortic. 1856, t. 22. Dendrobium teres, Boxh. Fl. Ind. iii. 485. Lower Bengal ; at Seeb Sagur, Clarke. Assam, Silhet, the Khasia Hills Chittagong and Upper Burma, Roxburgh, Wallich, &c. Stem many i'eet long, branched, and leaves as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves 6-8 in. JPedunele 6-12 in. ; bracts short, ovate ; flowers 3-6, 4 in. diam., white or VOL. VI. \ E :\ 60 cxLviii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hookei.) [Vanda. rose-cold. ; sepals and petals undulate ; lip hairy towards the base ; side lobes broad, incurved, yellow within, crimson spotted ; midlobemuch larger, flabellately reniform ' purple or rose-cold., sac 1 in. long j column hairy in front. Capsule lin., clavate.' 2. V. Kookeriana, Beichb. f. in Bonpland. 1856, 324 ; in Gard. Chron. 1882, ii. 488 ; midlobe of lip very large reniformly flabellate 3-lobed, sac very short. III. Sortie. 1883, t. 484 ; Orchidoph. 1886, t. 158 ; Reichenbachia, ii. t. 74. Warner Orchid.: Alb. t. 73, 1882. Pebak, Scortechini ; in swamps, Wray. Singapoee, 'Ridley (in liti.). Habit of V. teres, but leaves shorter, 2-3 in. ; scape longer ; flowers 3-5, 2 in. diam. ; lateral sepals oblong or obovate-oblong, cream-cold ; petals broader, lilac or carnation; lip towards the base and column hairy; side lobes purple; midlobe as large as the rest of the flowers, white or lilac, base 2-glandular ; sac conical, obtuse. Capsule 4 in. ** Leaves flat or chanelled and keeled. Scape usually many-fid. t Flowers ^1^ in. diam. (See also V. Bensoni.) 3. V. parviflora, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. xxx. Misc. 45 ; peduncle and raceme strict erect, flowers \-% in. diam., sepals oblong and spatkulate petals yellow, lip rather shorter than the sepals, midlobe cuneate-obovate with a dilated truncate 2-lobed tip, disk with fleshy blue ridges, spur slender conical half as long as the lip. Wight Ic. t, 1669; Reichb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1877, 166. prides Wightianum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7320 ; Gen. S( Sp. Orchid. 238; in Jour n. Linn. Soc. iii. 40 ; Bof. Mag. t. 5138; Wight Ic. V. p. 8 ; Lalz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 266. Western Himalaya ; Kumaon, Atakmunda river, alt. 3-4000 ft., Bdgeworth. Nepal, Wallich. Assam, Mann. Burma, Berkely. Western Peninsula ; from the Concan to Travancore. Cexlon, Walker, &c. Stem 4-6 in. Leaves 4-8 by \-\ in., unequally obtusely 2-lobed. Peduncle and rachis stout ; pedicel with ovary 1-1| in. ; side lobes of lip small, ovate. Capsule 1-li in., long pedicelled, clavate. Var. testacea ; sepals and petals brown. V. testacea, Beichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1877, 166. iErides testaceum, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 238 ; Baxt. Fl. Gard. ii. t. 142; Walp. Ann. \. 897.— Ceylon. Var. albijtora ; sepals and petals white, lip white, ridges speckled with red, spur broader obtuse. — Moulmein {Ic. Parish). 4. V. coerulescens, Griff. Notul. iii. 352 ; Ic. Riant. Asiat. t. 331 ; raceme drooping, flowers 1-li in. diam., sepals obovate and spathulate, petals pale blue, lip rather shorter than the sepals, midlobe cuneate-obovate with a dilated truncate 2-lobed tip, disk with fleshy dark blue ridges, spur slender conical half as long as the lip. Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 9 ; Walp. ^W72. vi. 868; Bot. Mag. t. 5834 and 6328; Warner Orchid. Alb. \.. ^; Floral Mag. N. 8. i. 256; Orchidoph. 1863, t. 637; Reichb.f. in Gard. Chron. 18^, 498 ; IbT^i). 529, f. 97. UPPER Burma, Griffith.' .Pegu; on hills near Prome, alt. 1500 ft., Benson. Stem 6 in. Leaves 6-10 by ^ in., much broader in cultivation, acutely 2-fid or 3.fid. PedztwcZe with racemes 1 ft. or less ; pedicel with ovary 1-1| in.; flowers variable in colour, from blue to neari>^ white (vnrs. Boxallii, E. f . and Louriana, R. f .) ; spur and column blue. 5. V. spathulata, Spreng. ^yst. Veg. iii. 719; leaves short, peduncle very tall, raceme terminal few^fld., flowers 1:^ in. diam. golden yellow, sepals and petals spathulately oblong flat, lip clawed as long as the sepals, side lobes very small, midlobf; suborbicular. Lindl. Gen. (Sf Sp. Orchid. 216 J Fol. Orchid. 9 ; Wight Ic. t. 915 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 869. Epidendrum Vanda.'] cxlviii. orchidej;. (J. D. Hooker.) 51 spathulatum, Linn. Sp. PI. 1348. Limodorum spathulatum, Willd. Sp. Pi. iv. 125. JSrides maculatum, Smith in Mees Cyclop. Suppl.—Bheede Hort. Mai. xii. t. 3. Western Peninsula ; from Malabar to Travancore and Ceylon. Stem 2 ft. Leaves 2-4 by -^-1^ in., sbortly obtusely 2-lobed. Peduncle 12-18 in., robust, few-fld. aad at the tip only; bracts large, ovate, acute; pedicel and ovary 1-1^ in. ; side lobes of lip broadly obovate, midlobe obscurely 3-fid ; spur conical. Capsule 1^-2^ in., clavately fusiform. ft Floimrfi 2 in. diam. and upwards (smaller in F. Bensoni). 6. V. coerulea, Griff, ex Lindl. in Lot. Beg. 1847, under t. 30 ; Fol. Orchid. 'd; peduncle elongate many-fld., flowers 3-4 in. diam. pale blue, lateral sepals obovate, petals clawed broadly obovate, lip much shorter than the sepals dark blue linear-oblong, side lobes small rounded, midlobe with 2 thickened ridges ending in a bigibbous tip. Paxt. Fl. Gard. t. 36 ; Jard. Fleurist. t. 102 : FL des Serres. t. 609 ; Eeichb. f. Xen. Orchid, i. 8, t. 5 ; Pescatorea, i. t. 29 ; III. Hort. vii. t. 246 ; Warner Sel. Orchid, t. 18 ; Jennings Orchid, t. 34 ; lieichenbachia, ii. 19, t. 57 ; Lindenia, iv. t. 160 V. coerulescens, Journ. Hort. Soc. vi.. Proa. vii. wiUi fig. Yanda, Griff' Bin. Note.^, 88, No. 1284. /I a^c^^/^u jyucf ^ i-i-U-< I'^Jf Khasia and Jyntea Mts., on oaks, alt. 4000 ft., Griffith, &c. Stem 3-6 in., very stout. Leaves 3-10 by |-1 in,, keeled, 2-lobed or tip obliquely truncate and toothed. Peduncle with lax-fid. 6-20-fld. raceme 1-2 ft., perianth segments somewhat waved and obscurely tessellate ; lip not one-third the length of the sepals ; spur conical obtuse. Capsule 3 in., fusiform, long pedicelled. 7. V. Denisoniana, Benson ^ Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, 528 ; 1885, 105, f. 21 ; peduncle very short, flowers 2 in. diam., white, sepals and petals waved and twisted, lateral sepals largest broadly obovate falcate deflexed, petals clawed spathulate, lip longer than the sepals, side lobes large subquadrate, midlobe panduriform with two orbicular diverging and recurved terminal lobes. Bot. Mag. t. 5811 ; III. Hort. N. S. t. 105 ; Lindenia, t. 21 ; Warner Orchid. Alh. t. 248. Tenassekim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Aeracan, Benson. Stem short. Leaves 6-10 in,, deeply unequally 2-lobed. Peduncle stout, with the raceme 6-10 in.; pedicels with ovary 2 in. ; midlobe of lip with rounded sides, and a very acute termimd sinus; disk with 5 thick obtuse ridges; side lobes con- cave, with oi-ange streaks ; spur short, villous within. Capsule 3-5 in., clavately fusiform. 8. y. Bensoni, Batem.in Bot. Mag. t. 5611; leaves narrow, peduncle tall inclined many-fld., flowers 1^-2 in. diam., sepals and petals dull yellow- green spotted with red-brown, lateral sepals broadly obovate, petals spathu- lately obovate, lip nearly as long as the sepals bine, side lobes triangular- ovate, much smaller than the j^anduriform midlobe which has 2 broad recurved terminal lobes. Beichb. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 138 ; Gard. Chron. 1867, 180 ; Flore des Serres, t. 2329. Pegu ; near Rangoon, Benson. Tenassekim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem short. Leaves 4-6 in. obliquely truncate and toothed. Peduncle with the raceme 18 in.j midlobe of lip with 3 obtuse ridges; spur conical obtuse. — Very near V. Denisonia.na, but flowers much smaller, quite different in colour, not so waved, midlobe of lip more contracted, the terminal lobes uncinate. — A form with brown flowers figured by Parish and called tristis may be this or V. brunnea (see end of genus) . 9. V. Parisliii, Veitch Sf Beichb. in Gard. Chron. 1867, 180, with fig. ; E 2 55 6JtLviii. dRcttiDH^. (J. B. Hooker.) [Vandd. leaves broad obtusely 2-lobed, peduncle short stout erect, bracts large, flowers 2 in. diam., fleshy spotted inauve-brown or purple, lateral sepals broadly ovate-obloog and orbicular petals apiculate, lip half as long as the sepals, side lobes rounded, midlobe small cuneately flabelliform. Eeichh, /. Xen. Orchid, ii. 138; in Gard. Chron. 1870,890; Warner Orchid. Alb. t. 15, and 61 (var.). Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem very short, stout. Leaves few, 8-10 by 2-3 in. Peduncle very short ; raceme 6-8 in., drooping, 6-8-fld. ; bracts acuminate ; flowers variable in colour. The short stems and broad flat leaves are not those of Fanda proper, and more resemble Stauropsis or Arachnanthe. In var. Marriottiana, Keichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1880, 743 ; 1881, 726, the sepals and petals are mauve, the side lobes of the lip white with mauve stripes and 2 yellow blotches below the column, and the mid- lobe is carmine. In \v^v. purpurea^, 1^. E. Br. in Gard. Chron. 1883, 307, the sepals and petals are mauve -purple with white bases, and the lip bright mauve. 10. V. bicolor, Griff. JVotul. iii. 354; It. Notes, 132, No. 546; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 330 ; leaves praemorse, peduncle short erect 4-6-fld., flowers 2 in. diam. brownish-purple obscurely tessellate, waved, lateral sepals^obovate deflexcd, dDrsal small, lip nearly as long as the sepals, pi^rple side lobes large orbicular, midlobe small panduriform, tip contracted 2-lobed. Lindl. FoL Orchid. 6 ; Walp. Ami. vi. 867 ; Heichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1875, 620. Eastern Tropical Himalaya ; Sikkim {Ic. in Serb. Calcutt.) ; Bhotan, alt. 2000 ft. Griffith. Assam: {Ic. in Herb. Calcutt.). Stem 2-3 ft. Leaves 6-10 in., sometimes unequally rather obtusely 2-lobed. Scape very stout ; bracts ovate, acute ; dorsal sepal much the smallest, dilated in the middle ; petals clawed, spathulate ; side lobes of lip margined with yellow. Capsule almost a span long. — Near V. Hoxburghii, but at once distinguishable by the large orbicular side lobes of the lip. A little-known species. 11. V. Xlozburgrhii, Br. in Bot. Beg. t. 506; leaves prsemorse, raceme suberect, flowers l|-2 in. diam. tesselated with brown, sepals and petals subequal clawed obovate waved, lip nearly as long as the sepals, side lobes small acute, midlobe panduriform violet tip dilated truncate 2-lobed. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 215 ; Fol. Orchid. 3 ; Wight Ic. t. 916 ; JFl. des Serres, ii. t. 11 ; Paxt. Fl. Gard. t. 42, f. 2 ; Reichb. Ft. Fxot. 1. 121 ; III. Hart, t 185 (var.). V. tesselloides, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 864. Cymbidium tesselloides, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 463. C. tessellatum, Swartz in Nov. Act. Upsal. vi. 75 ; Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 102 ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. I. c. C. Alagnata, Herb. Mam. Epidendrum tessellatum. Roxb. Cor. PI. i. 34, t. 42. brides tessellatum, Wight in Wall. Cat. 7318 ; Lindl. Ge7i. Sf Sp. Orchid. 240. — Yanda, Jones in Asiat. Res. iv. 302. Bengal, Behak and westwards to Guzerat and the Concan, and southwards to Tbavancose, Tenasserim and Ceylon. Stem 1-2 ft., climbing. Leaves 6-8 in., narrow, complicate. Peduncle 6-8 in., 6-10- fld. ; sepals and petals yellowish -green or blueish except from the clat||i-ate- browu nerves, margins white ; lip half as long as the sepals or more, di&k of midlobe convex with fleshy ridges and white margins and mesial lines ; spur conical. — Reichenbach in Gard. Chron. 1883, i. 9, describes a var. Wightiana, with purple lip, the side lobes with more or less developed anterior teeth. The colouring in the 11. des Serres, ii. t. 11, is unlike that of any form known to me. Roxburgh distin- guishes his C. tessellatum from his C. tesselloides, by the former having the lip with the sides incurved into a tube, and the blade tapering entire acute; whilst in the latter the lip is channelled above, concave underneath, and the tip of 2 obtuse lobes. The latter (the typical V. Roxhurghii) is the only form known to Indian Vanda.'] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 53 botanists, and I suspect that the form of the lip of C. tessellatum is due to withering. Var. unicolor, Bot. Mag. t. 3416 is I suspect the Chinese V. concolor, Blume. Sect. II. Anota, Lwdl. Raceme dense-fld. Sepals and petals widely spreading. Li/p without side lobes. Strap of pollinia long, slender, straight. The two species of this section (the following and F. violacea) have been re- ferred to Saccolabiuni, Vanda, and one of them to Rhynchostylis. In whichever genus placed they are aberrant j the ridged lip is quite that of Vanda ; but the lip and strap of the pollinia is as in Rhynchostylis ; and the spur is hardly that of Vanda, but rather of Saccolahium. 12. V. densiflora, Liyidl. in Paxt. Ft. Card, under t. 42 ; Fol. Orchid. 2 ; leaves truncately excised, lip cuneate tip shortly obtusely 3-lobed, base with 2 pubescent ridges descending into the spur. Fl. des Sevres, t. 1765; Reichh.f.in Gard. Chron. 1SQQ,1\^4!. Saccolabium giganteum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7306 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 221 ; Bot. Mag. t. 5635. Reichenbachic t. 22 ; Jennings Orchid, t. 8 ; Lindernia, f. 683 ; Orchidovl. 1888, t. 163. Pegu ; at Prorae, Wallich. Rangoon, Benson. Stem short, as thick as a child's wrist ; roots ^-| in. diana. Leaves imbricating at the base, 6-12 by ]|-2 in., very thick, channelled, lobes acute. Peduncle very short, stout; raceme 8-14 in., c}lindric. very dense-fld.; flowers l-\\ in. diam., white with a few purple spots at the base of the petals; lip fleshy, white with bright purple shining terminal lobes ; spur short, inflated, pointing backwards. Sect, III. Cristate. Racemes shortly peduncled, few-fid. ; pedicels decurved. Sepals and petals incurved. Strap of pollinia very short, gland large. — Inflorescence and flowers of Luisia, but habit and foliage of Vanda. 13. V. cristata, Zindl. in Wall. Cat. 7328 ; Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 216 ; Sej^t. Orchid. Frontisp. f. 10 ; in Bot. Reg. 1842, t. 48 ; Fol. Orchid. 10 ; sepals and petals narrow yellow or green, side lobes of lip erect triangular, midlobe subpanduriform golden striped with purple, tip with 2 divaricate spindle-shaped lobes and an intermediate depressed one, spur conical. Bot. Mag. t. 4304 ; Warner Orchid. Alb. vii. t. 290 ; Gartenfl. t. 680 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 869. Y. striata, Reichb. f Xen. Orchid, ii. 137, t. 150. brides cristatum, Wall. mss. brides sp. Griff. Bin. Notes, 203, No. 1188. Tropical Himalaya ; from Kumaon to Bhotan, Wallich, &c. Silhet, J. B. U. ^ T. T. Stem 3-6 in., very stout. Leaves 3-5 in., rigidly coriaceous, recurved, keeled, truncately 3-toothed. Raceme equalling or shorter than the leaves ; bracts very short, broad ; pedicels with ovary long, stout ; flowers 1^-2 in. diam. ; side lobes of lip acute truncate or toothed, midlobe as long as the sepals ; spur short, obtuse. Capsule 2-2^ in., narrowly clavate. 14. V. alpina, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 10 ; sepals and petals narrow yellowish, side lobes of lip rounded, midlobe concave ovate obtuse or re- tuse pale yello.v streaked with purple, spur 0. V. Griffithii, Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. ii. 22, and Fol. Orchid. 10 {excl. cilat. Griffith). Luisia alpina, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1858, Misc. 56. Subtropical Himalaya, alt. 3500-5000 ft., from Garwhal, Thomson, to Bhotan. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., J. D. B. 8r T. T. Habit of F. cristata, but smaller, leaves rather shorter, racemes always much shorter than the leaves, flowers only 1 in. diam., lip very different. Capsule not seen. — Lindley's citation of Griffith's Itin. Notes, No. 526, from his V. Griffithii, is (as he states in Fol. Orchid.) an error. But he again errs in referring this same plant to Vanda hicolor. It is his V. undulata {Stauropsis undulatus, p. 27). 15. V. pumila, Book. f. ; sepals and petals narrow pale yellowish 54: , cxLViii. ORCHiDBJS. (J. D. llooker.) [Vmida. or white, side lobes of lip rounded, midlobe broadly ovate concave obtuse pale streaked with purple, spur conical as long as the midlobe. V. cristata, var. Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 10. SiKKiM and Bhotan Himalaya, alt. 2000 ft. {Ic. Cathcart Sc in Herb.. Calcutt.). A smaller species than either cristata or alpina, with the lip of the latter, but furnished with a long conical spur. In the Cathcart drawings the leaves are 5-6 in. and sepals and petals white; in that of the Calcutta Herb, the leaves are only 3 in. long, and the sepals and petals are yellow. The latter is ticketed as from Mongpo, in Sikkim. SPECIES LNKNOWN TO ME. V. BRUNNEA, EeicTih. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 139 ; leaves long narrowly ligulate emarginate, flowers as large as in Y. concolor (of Chini) olive within, sepals and petals cuneately oblong obtusely acute, lip and column pale yellowish white, side lobes serai- rotund, midlobe ligulate 2-lobed retuse, spur acutely conical. — Moulmein, Parish. — ■ Thei'e is a drawing at Kew, by Parish, of what may be this species named V. tristis. Par. mss., the perianth is brown on both surfaces, the lip and column pale brown. (See V. Farishii, p. 51.) V. Stangeana, Beichh. f. in Bot. Zeit. xvi. (1858.) 351 ; allied to V. fusco- viridis, Lindl. (of Java), auricles of the lip semiovate divergent, blade gradually narrowed from a broad semicordate base, lip slightly 2-lobed, a pair of small calli before the mouth of the spur, dorsal sepal cuneate-ovate about equalling the petals, lateral sepals larger. — Sepals and petals golden green tesselated with beautiful ches- nut brown ; lip and column white ; lip pale violet in front, with a streak of red dots on each side of the spur, and a furrow under the column between the auricles. — Assam (Sort. Schiller). V. ViPANi, Reichh.f. in Oard. Chron. 1882, ii. 134, 29 ; leaves very narrowly linear decuvved deeply unequally 2-toothed, raceme few-fld., sepals and rather smaller petals cuneate-oblong obtuse undulate gradually narrowed to the base pale olive-green or ochreous barred with short brown-purple lines, lip panduriform, side lobes semi- ovate golden yellow, midlobe olive-green 2- callous at the base, spur conical glabrous within. — Burma, Vipan. V. WiGHTii, Beichh. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 932 ; allied to 7. Stangeana, Reichb. f., leaves more than a foot long narrowly ligulate unequally acutely 2-lobed, scape few andlax-fld., side lobes of lip subquadrate, midlobe broadly ovate, lip contracted ligulate obtusely 2-lobed, disk with 2 thick ridges, pilose at the base of the ridges and side lobes, spur conical, column slender for the genus. — Nilghiris, Wight. 61. SACCOIiABZUM, Blum. 62. ScHiENORCHis, Bl. 63 Uncifera, Lindl. 64 Acampe, Lindl. Epiphytes ; pseudobulbs 0. Leaves flat keeled or terete. Peduncles lateral ; flowers usually small spicate racemed panicled or subcorjmbose. Sepals aud ^eifaZ* adnata to the base of the column, spreading, subsimilar, free. Lip sessile at the base of the column usually consisting of, a large saccate or conic cylindric spur, small lateral lobes and a small midlobe ; sac or spur not septate within and without a large scale or callus within under the column (except S. longi folium). Column short, broad, truncate, rarely beaked, foot 0; anther 1- or imperfectly 2-celled; poUinia 2, entire or 2-partite. — Species about 40, Eastern Asiatic. Of the genera enumerated above, Schcenorchis is not British Indian, a i'act which I overlooked when drawing out the key to the genera, though it is noted in Gen. Plant. Uncifera I refer to Saccolabium ; its character of the incurved spur is insuf- ficient; end that of the poUinia stipitate on the strap, or rather on the geniculate apex of the strap, though curious, is, considering how variable this organ is in the genus and its allies, not a dependable one for generic purposes. For Acampe I can find no characters whatever, and it is difficult to retain it as a section ; its lip is that of sect. Calceolaria, as is the subcorjmbose or umbellate inflorescence of most of the species. Saccolabium,] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 65 The following sections are, I think, natural, but are not clearly definable by words. Sect. I. MiCEANTH-E. Leaves flat terete or channelled. Mowers small, often minute, in simple or pauicled racemes or spikes. Lip various j spur long or short. (See also Sect. vi. Uncifera). (Sp. 1-19). ' Sect. II. Calceola-EIA. Leaves lorate, flat, flaccid; Flowers subcorymbose on.~ a short stout peduncle ; bracts short, broad rounded. Lip a large hemispheric sac, with truncate or short side lobes and a short triangular or reniform adnate erose or fimbriate midlobe which is warted or echinate on the disk. Column very short; strap of globose polliiiia linear. (Sp. 20-27). Sect. III. AcAMPE. Stem usually long and very stout. Leaves keeled, thickly coriaceous. Flowers corymbose as in § Calceolaria, rarely in large spreading panicles. Lip as in § Calceolaria, but with a thicker warted reniform or ovate midlobe (spur cylindric in S. ochraceum). Column very short; strap of globose pollinia linear. (ACAMPE, Lindl.) (Sp. 28-34). Sect. IV. Platykhizon. Stem 0, or vei'y short ; roots very long, flattened. Leaves lorate, flaccid. Flowers racemed. Lip very small, spur saccate or conical, midlobe small reniform. Column very short ; strap of globose pollinia linear, gland large. (MiCEOPEEA, Balz.) (Sp. 35-36). Sect. V. DiSTicHOPHYLL^. Stem tufted very slender pendulous, leafy through- out. Leaves uniform, distichous, lanceolate. Flower small, in very short racemes. Lip small, spur saccate. Column very short, strap of pollinia slender, gland sagittate. (Sp. 37-38). Sect. VI. Specios^. Stem very stout as are the long roots. Leaves linear rigid, keeled, often recurved. Flowers highly coloured, in dense racemes. Lip with a linguiform midlobe, small side lobes and a long cylindric spur. Column short or rather long; strap of globose pollinia slender. — Habit of brides sect. II. ; but there is no foot to the column. (Sp. 39-41). Sect. VII. Uncifebj;. S^em very short, ieaves distichous, coriaceous. Flowers in dense racemes. Lip with a large funnel-shaped incurved spur much longer than the sepals. Column decurved, rostellura elongate ; anther long-beaked ; pollinia globose, seated near the geniculately inflexed apex of a very long slender strap with recurved margins; gland large, linear, or sagittate. Uncifeea, Lindl. (Sp. 42, 43.) Sect. I. MicRANTH^. (See p. 54.) * Stems elongate pendulous ; leaves terete, filiform, or semiterete. 1. S* grexninatum, Lindl. in Bat. Beg. 1838 Misc. 50; leaves strongly curved terete channelled 3-toothed, racemes slender panicled, sepals ovate- oblong 1-nerved about equalling the conic obtuse spur, petals smaller obo- vate 1-nerved, midlobe of lip cymbiform obtuse. Walp. Ann. vi. 885. Easteen Himalaya, alt. 3-5000 ft. ; Bhotan Griffith; Sikkim J. B. H. Khasia and Jyntea Hills, alt. 2-4000 ft., common. Stem 6-12 in,, curved, rooting at the base. Leaves 2-4 in,, fleshy, \-\ in. diam. Panicles longer than the leaves, branches spreading ; bracts small, acute, flowers a in. long ; sepals white, or purple with white tips; petals purple; lip variable, blade fleshy, sometimes laterally compressed, side lobes very small ; column very short, anther ovate, strap of pollinia short, broad, gland very large. Capsule subsessile i-i in. long, oblong, curved. 2. Si niveuxn, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 224 ; stem short, leaves recurved semiterete channelled notched, racemes slender panicled, sepals ovate-oblong 1-nerved about equalling the ovoid obtuse spur, petals cuneately oblong truncate 1-nerved, midlobe of lip spathulate fleshy concave. Thwaites JEnum. 304. Ceylon ; in the Central Province, alt. 3-4000 ft., Walker, Thwaites, Stem stout ; 1-4 in., curved. Leaves 2-4 in., fleshy, A-i in. diam. Panicles longer than the leaves, branches spreading ; bracts minute, acute ; flower -^ in. long, 5l6 cxLviii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) \_Saccolahiwn white ; tips of lateral sepals fleshy at the back ; lip with minute rounded side lobes ; column very short ; anther hemispheric ; strap of pollinia very short, gland very large. Capsule -i in., oblong. — Gardner (n. 872) has a form with much broader leaves, i in. diam. and stouter scapes. 8. S> filiforme, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 36; stem slender, leaves slender terete acuminate, racemes short stout simple, sepals linear, petals orbicular, shorter than the cylindric obtuse recurved spur, limb of lip ovate acute deflexed, side lobes larg^e rounded. Wal^^. Ann. vi. 887. Sarcanthus filiformis & roseus. Wight Ic. t. 1684 {excl. capsule) 1685. Scha3norchis juncifolia, T/nvaifes Enum. 304 {not ofBlume.). Malabar and Teavancobe ; on the Nilghiri hills, at Neddawuttura and Pycara, Wight I Pulney and Anamallay hill, Cotton, &c. Ceylon ; Central Province, alt. 4-6000 ft., Walker, &c. Stem 6-10 in. ; internodes i-2 in. Leaves 2-6 in., as thick as a sparrow quill or more slender. Racemes 1^-2 in., stout, subsesile, often deflexed ; bracts lanceolate ; flowers \ in. long, red, or orange streaked with crimson ; sepals 1-nerved, petals with 3 nerves rugose on the back ; spur of lip inflated ; anther hemispheric j strap of globose pollinia short, dilated upwards, gland very large. Capsule \ in., pyriform, pedicelled. — Flowers rose coloured in Wight's plant, orange with red stripes in the Ceylon plants. 4. S. perpusillum, Hooh. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; stem short curved, leaves terete recurved acute, racemes erect stout flowering to the base, bracts subulate persistent, flowers minute pubescent, sepals ovate-oblong, petals obovate-oblong obtuse, lip oblong slightly concave, tip with a fleshy acute subcordate appendage, spur short cylindric obtuse incurved. Singapore ; at Sungei Buloh, Ridley. Stem 3-5 in., as thick as a sparrow's-quill, rigid. Leaves 1-1^ in., subsecund. Racemes |-| in. ; rachis stout ; flowers -J^ in. diam. ; pedicel very short ; sepals 1-nerved, lateral acuminate ; petals as long, obtuse, glabrous, 1-nerved ; lip as long as the sepals ; spur large ; fleshy appendage at the tip of the lip didymous on the upper face. — A remarkable little species, unlike any other. 5. S. ? inconspicuum, ITook. f. ; stem rather stout, leaves 2-3 in., nearly straight terete obtuse, flowers small shortly peduncled clusters, sepals and ^ petals broadly oblong acute, hypochile of lip hemispheric margins entire (side lobes 0), epichile broadly ovate retuse inserted on the margin of the hypochile. Cymbidium inconspicuum. Wall. mss. LowEK Assam, JenTcins {Ic. in Herh. Calcutt.) Stems 6-8 in. long, interlaced, flexuous, as thick as a duck's-quiil ; internodes \ in. Leaves rather more slender, slightly curved, but not falcate. Flowers \ in. diam., shortly pedicelled, pale green ; sepals and petals subequal, spreading and recurved ; lip about as long as the sepals ; hypochile green suff'used with purple, large for the size of the plant, margins everted, epichile as long as the hypochile, flat, smooth ; column short, very stout, purple, rostellum not beaked ; anther broader than long low, pollinia 2 globose, strap short, gland ovate. — The lip is like that of sect. Calceolaria. Described from the drawing in the Calcutta Herbarium. ** Stem short or long. Leaves flat or channelled. t Spur of lip longer than the sepals. {See also 16, S. rostellatum.) 6. S. Puxnilio, Reichh. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 886 ; in Gard. Chron. 1875, ii. 98 ; stem very short, leaves falcately oblanceolate obtuse notched or 2-fid, racemes about equalling the leaves laxly many-fld., lateral sepals broadly ovate obtuse, petals oblanceolate obtuse, side lobe of lip very short rounded, midlobe large flat triangular 3-nerved smooth, spur much longer than the sepals slender incurved. S. discolor, lieichb.f. Ot. Hamh, Saccolabium.] oxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 57 42. S. pusillum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 30 {not of Blume). CEceoclades pusilla, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7332: Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 237. SiLHET, Wallich. Roots very many, slender, tortuous. Leaves 2-3 by ^ in., fleshy, thin when dry. iZacewjc* slender ; bracts ovate, mt-inbranous ; flowers i in. broad, pedicelled mem- branous; dorsal sepal obovate ; column rather long, beaked in front; anther .low ; strap of pyriform pollinia dilated above, gland small oblong. Capsule f in., shortly pedicelled, narrow, 6-ribbed. — The citation of " Herb. Wight " under Wall. Cat. 7332 B, is doubtless an error. 7. S. penanglanum, Hooh. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves narrowly linear-lanceolate acuminate with a lateral notch, raceme short very stout dense-fld. pubescent, sepals broadly ovate 1-nerved, not half the length of the conical angled abruptly incurved spur, petals oblong 1-nerved, limb of lip minute, disk fleshy terminal, side lobes rounded. Penang ; on the Sonkey River, Curtis. Perak, Kunstler {Ic. in Herb. Calcutt.) Stem flexuous, internodes \ in. Leaves 2J-3 by \ in. thick, nerve strong beneath. Bacemes l-\\ in., fruiting decurved ; bracts subulate; flowers i- in., pube- rulous, white edged with yellow and a little pink ; column short ; strap of globose pollinia elongate, spathulate, gland small. Capsules \ in. long, oblong, sessile, crowded, reflexed. 8. S. Helferi, Hoolc. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; stem short, leaves loriform tip contracted notched, panicles shorter than the leaves, sepals orbicular-ovate 1-nerved shorter than the saccate broad spur, petals oblong, blade of lip reniform, half embracing the spur quite entire, lateral lobes narrow erect. Tenasserim, or Andaman Islands. Selfer (Kew Distrib. 5256). Moulmein, Parish ; Mergui, Griffith. Stem 1-3 in. Leaves few, close set, 2^-3^ by -i— i in., sheaths short, black. PawicZe about equalling the leaves, slender; bracts minute, acute ; flowers ^Lin.j dorsal sepal much smaller than the lateral; blade of lip shorter than the spur; column very short ; anther short, broad ; pollinia globose, sessile on a large cuneate strap or gland. 9. S. gracile, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 225 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 35 ; stem short slender, leaves elongate linear-lanceolate acuminate, racemes slender many-fld. longer than the leaves, sepals oblong obtuse 1-nerved, much shorter than the straight tubular acuminate spur, petals narrower oblong 1-nerved, blade of lip very small ovate acute, side lobes 0. Thwaites Enum,. 304 C EYLON ; Central Province, alt. 3000 ft. Macrae, &c. Stem 2-8 in., often zigzag, internodes \-\ in. Leaves 2J-4 by i in., straight or falcate, narrowed at base and tip, midrib obscure. Racemes A-Q in., erect; bracts minute, subulate; flower:^ in. long, white ; mouth of spur very oblique; column short ; anther short, broad, strap of globose pollinia very slender. Capsule globose, \ in. diam., pedicelled. 10. S. brevifolium, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 225, in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 35 ; stem rather stout scandent, leaves short linear-oblong un- equally 2-lobed, racemes very short few-fld., sepals and petals subeqiial orbicular-ovate 1-nerved not half as long as the conico-cylindric straight obtuse spur, limb of lip very minute, side lobes 0. Thwaites Enum. 230. S. virescens, Gardn. mss. Ceylon ; Central Province common, Macrae, &c. * Stem 6-10 in., internodes f in. or less. Leaves l-\\ by \-\ in., fleshy, midrib obscure. Racemes 1 in., recurved j bracts very minute j flowers \ in. long, rose- 58 cxLviii. oRCHiDEiB. (J. D. Hooker.) [Saccolabium. purple or greenish white ; spur as long as the pedicel ; column short ; anther yery broad, aplculate, strap of globose pollinia short, gland as long very large 2-fid. Benthamiin Gen. Plant, iii. 579 errs in referring (Ec. tenera to this ; it is my Cleisostoma tenerum. 11. S. roseum, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 225; stem very slender, leaves fleshy flat narrowly linear unequally notched, racemes very short simple, sepals ovate-oblong obtuse 1-nerved, petals as large rounded 1-nerved, spur of lip longer than the sepals cylindric obtuse, lip minute ovate acute, side lobes rounded. Tkwaites JSnum. 304, Sarcanthus Walkerianus, Wight Ic. t. 1686 (bad). S. Walkerianum Reichh.f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 887. Ceylon ; Central Province, up to 5000 ft., common ; Macrae, ^c. Stem curved, as thick as apigeon's-quill. Leaves 2-3 by \-^ in. Raceme\-\^ in., slender; bracts minute; flowers i in long, rosy in Ic. Walker, lilac in Ic. Thvvaites ; column short ; anther short broad, pollinia 2, strap short slender, gland large. Capsule ^--\ in., piriform, pedicelled. 12. S. flavum, Hooh. f. Ic. JPlant. ined. ; stem short very stout, leaves close set loriform deeply unequally acutely 2-cleft, raceme lax-fld., sepals oblong obtuse, lip small, infundibular spur much longer than the sepals with small toothed side lobes and truncate mouth. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem 6 in., stout. Leaves 4-5 by f in., dark green with darker nerves, apiculate between the lobes ; sheaths ^ in., deeply grooved. Raceme from the base of the stem, with the slender scape 4 in. ; bracts small, recurved ; flowers j in. diam., pale yellow; column short, broad; rostellum large, 2-lobed, apparently fleshy. — A remark- able species with the pollinia approaching that of sect. Dncifera (and of Sarcanthus mirabilis, Eeichb.), but having no trace of a midlobe to the lip. Described from a beautiful drawing by Parish, who observes that there is no apparent septum in the spur. Reichenbach has (on the drawing) named it Saccolah. buccosum (see No. 14), alluding to the cheek-like rostellum, but it is not the plant he has described under that name [Gard. Chron. 1871, [9S8). It closely resembles Sarcanthus Parishii, but the flowers are yellow. There is no midlobe of the lip and no septum in the spur. 13. S. fragrans^ Par. & Eeichb. f. in Journ. JBot. xii. (1874) 197 ; dwarf, stem very short, leaves crowded oblong obtuse very thick, raceme shortly peduncled decurved many- and dense-fld., flowers rose-red, lateral sepals orbicular- oblong, petals Imear-oblong obtuse, lip large saccate, base sud- denly contracted into a decurved spur longer than the sepals and with an inflated tip, limb rhomboidly subspathulate fleshy acute toothed towards the tip. Eeichb. f. Otia. Hamburg. 41. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem i in. Leaves 5-8 by 1 in., bases closely imbricate, deeply channelled. Raceme as long as the leaves ; flowers about J^j in. long, odour of violets ; lip twice as long as the sepals, with a callus at the insertion of the tumid straight blade ; column very short, sides acute ; anther with a recurved tip ; pollinia globose, sessile on the broad end of the short strap, gland lanceolate much longer than the strap. — • Described chiefly from a drawing by Parish. ff Sjpur of lip shorter than [rarely equalling) the sepals. 14. S. buccosunij Beichb. f. in Gard. Ghron. 1871, 938 ; stem scan- dent, leaves linear-oblong obtusely 2-lobed, raceme simple or branched much longer than the leaves, sepals broadly ovate much longer than the bottle-shaped spur, lip large, side lobes spreading rounded, midlobe nar- rowly oblong. S. parvulura, Llndl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 36 {in note). CEceoclades paniculata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7334 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 236. ('ymbidium Satyrium, Herb. Ham. Saccolabium.'] oxlviil orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 59 Bhotan Himalaya, Lister. Assam ; at Goalpara, Hamilton. Stlhet, Wallich. Tenasserim, Parish, Stem stout, rigid, iuternodes ^ in. Leaves 3-5 by ^-f in., fleshy, 5-n«rved. Raceme with long slender peduncle 5-6 in., laxly many-fld. ; bracts subulate ; flowers g- in. diam,, yellowish ; sepals 5-nerved ; petals much sm aller, cuneately obovate, 3-nerved ; lip yellow, mouth of spur a very narrow chink, neck contracted, base globose didymous; side lobes of elongate column broad, rounded, top recurved; anther long-pointed; strap of globose pollinia very slender arched, gland very minute.- — Column and lip so different from the genus that Eeicheubach 1. c. suggests its separation. Lindley's name o^ p arvulum is too misleading to be adopted. 15. S. xnicranthum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7300; Gen. ^ Sp. Ch-chid. 220 ; leaves lorate unequally obtusely 2-lobed, scape stout flowering to the base, racemes very many and dense-fld., sepals broadly ovate obtuse 3-nerved, petals oblong or lanceolate serrulate, spar of lip shorter than the sepals subtruncate, blade obovate-spathulate with 2 basal calli, lateral lobes broad obtuse. Saunders' Refug. Bot. t. 110. Tropical Himalaya ; from Garwhal and Kumaon, alt. 2-3000 ft.. Falconer, Duthie; to Bhotan, Griffith. Assam, Silhet and the Naga Hills, Frain. Tenasserim, Griffith, Parish. Stem 6-10 in., curved, as thick as a goose-quill or less. Leaves 3-5 by f-1 in., narrowed to the base. Raceme equalling the leaves ; bracts small, broad ; flowers about \ in. diam.; 3-nerved sepals and petals violet; lip rose-red; column very short ; anther very broad, acuminate globose ; pollinia strap very short broadly cordate, gland orbicular. Capsules \ in., subfusiform. 16. S- rostellatum, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; stem very short, leaves 4-7 in. lorate flat unequally 2-fid, raceme much shorter than the leaves, bracts minute, sepals broadly ovate-oblong obtuse, lip infundidular narrowed below into a stout obtuse spur rather longer than the sepals, side lobes truncate, midlobe an incurved beak. SiKKiM ; at Darjeeling, alt. 7000 ft., Gamble {in Kerb. Calcutt.). Roots very many and long, tortuous, flat, appressed to the bark. Leaves ^-f in. diam., nearly straight. Peduncle with 8-10-fld. raceme 2 in., slender; flowers i in. long from the tip of the dorsal sepal to that of the spur ; petals oblong, obtuse, smaller than the sepals; column very short; rostellum subulate; pollinia large, globose, cleft. 17. S. minimiflorum, Sooh. f. Ic. Plant, ined.; stem very short, leaves elliptic- lanceolate narrowed at both ends acute, scape much longer than the leaves very slender very many-fld., bracts subulate equalling the very minute flowers, sepals and petals oblong obtuse, lip conico- sacciform, side lobes 0, midlobe an incurved beak with a globose tubercle at the mouth of the sac. Perak, Scortechini. Soots slender, tulted. Leaves 1^-2 in., black when dry, thinly coriaceous, reddish beneath. Scape with raceme 2-6 in., with a few subulate empty bracts below ; flowers greenish yellow mottled, about Jy in. long or broad ; lip larger than the rest of the perianth, its beak-like laterally compressed terminal lobe incurved over the mouth; column short; anther lotig-beaked. — A curious littlg plant. I have had difficulty in dissecting the few available flowers, and thereby confirming a description and rude drawing by Scortechini, who mentions " a something membra- nous whitish which I cannot make out whether it is a rostellum or stipes." This I presume to be a recurved elongate body which apjpears to be attached to the base of the column. 18. S. Jerdonianum, Reichb. f. in Walp. Ann. vi. 8b'6 ; leaves linear subacute, racemes simple or branched slender, sepals ovate l-nerved 60 cxLViii. ORCHiDEin. (J. D. Hookei.) [Saccolahium, longer than the small saccate or subglobose spur, petals linear 1-nerved, blade of lip oblong concave subtruncate, side lobes small rounded. Taenio- phyllum Jerdonianum, Wight Ic. t. 1756. Malabar ; on branches of trees, Jerdon. Stem 1-3 in., tufted. Leaves 1-li by f in. Racemes much longer than the leaves ; bracts ovate, acuminate ; flowers -^\ in. long ; column short ; anther broad j pollinia with a short strap and large narrow gland. — Described chiefly from Wight. 19. S. lanatuxn, Sook. f. ; stem short, leaves linear-oblong broadly 2-lobed, peduncle very stout longer than the leaves, spikes dense-fld. tomentose or woolly, sepals ovate tips keeled, side lobes of lip triangular, midlobe ovate bicuspidate, spar short saccate traversed by a pubescent ridge from the base of the column to that of the midlobe, Cleisostoma lanatum, Lindl. in Journ. Hort. Soc. iv. 264 ; Walp. Ann. 889. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Parish, Scott. Stem very stout. Leaves 3-4 by 1-1^ in,, thickly coriaceous, keeled. Scape with long appressed sheaths, simple or branched ; spikes 4-7 in. ; bracts ^ in., large, ovate, acuminate, spreading or reflexed ; flowers ^ in. long; sepals dingy purple and green ; petals obovate, ciliate, yellow and purple ; side lobes of lip notched on the inner margin, ciliate; midlobe with a large pubescent gibbous compressed callus descending into the spur, mouth of spur contracted to a slit with a pubescent raised border ; column stout, recurved, tumid below, shortly beaked ; anther beaked ; pollinia globose, sulcate, strap long slender dilated and forked above, each arm spathulate and with the globose pollinia immersed in their concave tips, gland small oblong. — A remarkable plant, put by Lindley into Cleisostoma, but I do not find the great gland in the spur under the column. .Sect. II. Calceolaeia. (See p. 54.) The species of this section wants a thorough revision with much better material than is at my disposal. 20. S. calceolare, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7302 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 223 ; Sert. Orchid. Frontisp. 6 ; in Bat. Beg. 1883 ; Misc. 139 ; i7i Joiirn. Linn. Sac. iii. 33 {exc. syn.) ; leaves acutely unequally 2-lobed or -cleft, blade of lip reniform erose disk echinate all over. G-riff. Notul. iii. 356 ; Ltin. Notes 170, No. 869; Lc. Flant. Asiat. t. 334; iV alp. Ann. vi. S8S. Aerides calceolare. Smith in Bees Cyclop. Suppl. Ae. leopardorum. Wall, mss. Gastrochilas calceolaria, Don Prodr. 32. Sarcochilus nepalensis, Spr. Syst. Veg. iii. 721. Epidendrum calceolare, JIani. mss. Teopical Himalaya ; from Garwhal to Bhotan, Assam, Silhet and the Khasia Hills. Tenasserim, Parish. Perak, Carter. — Distrib. ? Java. A very common plant, and, if two species are not included, very variable. Stem very short. Leaves in Wallich's 7342 A from Nepal 6-12 by i-f in., strongly falcate. His B from Silhet (which is the common form elsewhere) is a much smaller plant, with nearly straight leaves 4-5 by J-f in. Peduncle i-li in. ; pedicels ;^-l in. ; flowers -|-| in. diam., yellow or greenish speckled barred or blotched with red brown ; lip white or yellow, speckled with red. Capsule in 7342 A 2 in. long ; in the ordfnary form |-1 in. — Griffith's Tab. 334 represents a plant with the leaves oi inter media and lip of calceolare, but it is impossible to determine satisfactorily his Saccolab. No. 2, 3 and 4 of Notul. iii. 356, 357, and his Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 333, 334. 21. S. nilagriricum, Hook. f. ; leaves narrow deeply unequally 2-lobed, sepals and petals each with two series of large bloteh.es, limb of lip fimbriately erose, disk smooth. Vanda pulchella, Wight Ic. t. 1671. Nilghiri Hills ; on the banks of the Kaitairy river and at Quelin, WigM. Stem short. Leaves 5-10 by i-| in., flexuous, lobes very unequal, obtuse, often ^accotahmm.] cxT.viii. orohidE/E. (J. B. Hooker.) 61 divaricate, the longer sometimes 1 in. long. Flowers J in. diam. ; perianth strongly incurved. Capsule |-| in.— United with S. calceolare by Liudley (in Journ. Linn. Soc), but I think as different as any other of this section. 22._S. acutifolium, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 223; Sert. Orcliid. Frontisp. No. 2 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 33 ; stem elongate, leaves acute or acuminate, blade of lip erose, disk naked or very sparingly tubercled. Reichh. f. Otia Hamburg. 42 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 883. IS. denticulatum, Paxt. Mag. Bat. vii. t. 145 ; Reichb.f. I.e.; ? Bat. Mug. t. 4772. Aerides umbel- latum, Wall. mss. SiKKiM HiMiLAYA, alt. 3-5000 ft. Khasia Mts., Gibson. Usually a larger plant than the small states of S. calceolare, with longer stems (4-8 in.) and larger leaves, 4-6 by f-1^ in. broad, never 2-fld., but very variable. Perianth, whole-cold, and yellowish red, or more yellow or greenish and mottled with brown ; lip white, centre yellow often speckled with red. Capsule in Sikkim sp. 3 in. long. — Paxton's S. denticulatum has greenish yellow flowers speckled with brown, and the lip is described as erose. Lindley refers it to S. acutifolium. The lip of the Eot. Mag. plant, apparently derived from the same source, is not erose, but with a broad thick white fringe of long papillae. 23. S. interxnediuxn, Griff, mss. ex. Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 33; stem rather long, leaves very narrow acuminate or 2-toothed, blade of lip fimbriate, disk smooth. Reichh. f. Otia Hamburg. 42. S. calceolare, Paxt. Mag. Bot. vi. 97. — Saccolab, Grijf. Notul. iii. 357 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 333. Bhotan Himalaya, Griffith. Khasia Hills, alt. 3-5000 ft., Griffith, Gibson, J. D. H. ^ T. T. Perhaps a small form of -S". acuiifolixhni, but the stem is more slender, the leaves narrower, and the flowers and capsules (| in.) much smaller. 24. S. bellinum, Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1844, i. 174 ; 187, i. 145 ; stem rather long, leaves deeply unequally cleft, bracts and flowers large, blade of lip erose disk echinate and with cushions of eilia at the base. Warner Orchid. Alb. t. 156; Bot. Mag. t. 7142. BcjRMA, Boxall. This resembles a large state of 8. calceolare, the flowers are 1-lf in. diam., bright yellow with large purple blotches. 25. S. obllquum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat: 7304 ; Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 223 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 33 ; stem very short stout, leaves broad and long unequally broadly 2-fid, bracts and flowers lai-ge, blade of lip fimbriate, disk papillose with a large 2-lobed callus. Reichb. f. Otia Hamburg. 42. Vanda obliqua, Wall, mss. Burma ; at Taingdong, Wallich. ? Khasia Hills, J. D. R. ^ T. T. Leaves 6-8 by 1-2 in. ; flowers 1 in. diam. ; sepals and petals narrow, whole-cold., all (in Ic. Wallich) pale yellow, with the lip white speckled with yellow. The Khasia specimens have the shorter leaves of higibbum. 26. S. bigribbum, Reichb. f. in Bot. Mag. i. 5766; Otia Hamburg. 43; stem very short, leaves oblong or obovate-oblong 2-fid, bracts small, blade of lip fimbriate, disk smooth with a large 2-lobed callus. Rangoon, Benson, Gilbert. Perak, Scortechini. Probably a small state of 8. obliquum, but the leaves are shorter and broader, 3-4 by 1-1 J in,, and the large bracts seem to be wanting. Flowers whole -cold., pale straw-cold, in a drawing by Mr. Gilbert, bright yellow in Bot. Mag. 27. S. acaule, Hook f. ; stem very short, leaves unequally 2-lobed, sepals obovate, limb of lip broadly ovate acute toothed and erose, disk rough 62 cxLviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Saccolabhim. thickened. Cleisostoma acaulis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 227. Vanda fimbriata, Gardn. mss. Ceylon, Macrae ; at Hantani, Gardner. Leaves 5-6 by |-^ iu. Peduncle and pedicels very short, i in , stout ; flowers ^ in. diam., apparently very fleshy. — Possibly a form of S. nllagiricum, but the leaves and lip appear to be very different. The specimens are very scanty and poor. Sect. III. AcAMPE. (See p. 54.) The species of this section are very diflScult of discrimination in a dried state, and the following diagnoses and citation are not very reliable, owing to imperfection of specimens and vagueness of published descriptions. (See two species at the end of the genus.) * Peduncle rather slender; flowers in large panicles. Spur of lip cylindric ; midlobe ovate. 28. S. ochraceum, Lindl. in Bot. Ueg. 1842, Misc. 2. S. lineo- latam, Thwaites Enum. 304. Acarape dentata, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 3 ; Beichb.f. in Gard. Ghroyi. 1872, 1752 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 894. A. Wigbtiana var. loTigepedunculata, Thwaites I. c. 303. Eastern Tropical Himalaya ; Sikkim, J. D. H., Bhotan, Griffith {Kew Distrib. 5233). Khasia Mts. and Tenasserim, Griffith, &c. Malabar, Ic. Jerdon. Ceylon, Walker, ^"c. Stem 1-2 ft. Leaves 7-9 by 1-1^ in. Panicle longer or shorter than the leaves, branches distant lax-fld. j flowers ^-i iu. diam. ; midlobe of lip ovate, crenate, 2-auricled and with fleshy teeth at the base ; spur cylindric, as long as the limb, hairy within. Capsule 1-l^j in., fusiform. — Bentham in Gen. Plant, iii. 581, misled by a mixture of specimens of different species, errs in referring S. lineolatum to Cleisostoma maeulosum ; it is clearly this plant. ** Peduncle very stout, simple or very sparingly branched. Lip a hemispheric or conic sac, midlobe reniform,. 29. S. longrifolium, Hooh. f. ; leaves 6-16 in., peduncle 6-7 in., internodes long, flowers subcorymbose, midlobe of lip ovate obtuse, sac broad conical with au erect dorsal hairy plate in the cavity. Acampe P longifolia, Lindl. Fol. Orchid.!. PA. mnltiflora, IJndl. I. c. Vanda longifolia, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7322 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 215 ; in Journ. Hort. Soc. vii. 267 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 872. V. mnltiflora, Lindl. Collect, t. 38. Tropical Sikkim Himalaya (Ic. in Hort. Calcutt.). Upper Assam, Mann. Tenasserim, Wallich, &c. — Distrib. China.? Stem very stout. Leaves 1^-2 in. broad. Feduncle with racemes 6-7 in., as thick as a swan's quill, with often a few short lateral branches ; bracts annular ; flowers crowded, f in. diam., golden yellow banded with red on both surfaces. The dorsal plate in the cavity of ttie lip recalls Cleisostoma. 30. S. Wig-htianum, HooJc, /. ; leaves 4-6 in., peduncle 1-3 in., internodes very close, midlobe of lip ovate keeled, sac rounded papillose within. S. papillosum, Dalz. Sc Gibs. Bomb. LI. 264 {excl. some syn.). Acampe Wightiana, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 2. Yanda Wightiana, Lindl mss. ? m_ Wight Ic. t. 1670 ; Thicaites Fnum. 303 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 873. Y. fasciata, Gardn. mss. — Rheede Hort, Mai. xii. t. 4. Western Ghats; from the Concan southward. Ceylon, Gardner, &c. Stem 12-18 in. Leaves |-1^ in. br,.ad. Scape very stout ; bracts very broadly ovate, acute ; flowers |-1 in. diam., subcorymbose, yellow barred with crimson, not papillose. Capsule 2-2^ in., fusiform. 31. S. preemorsum, Hook. f. ; leaves 5-7 in. narrow, scape 1-2 in. Saccolahium.'] oxlviii. orchide^e. (J. D. Hooker.) 63 very stout, internodes stort, sheaths annular, bracts semicircular, flowers papillose, midlobe of lip broadly ovate or rounded, sac rounded tubercled and pubescent at the base within. Acampe excavata, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 3 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 874. Cymbidium prasmorsum, Swartz in Nov. Act. Upsal. vi. 75 ; Willd. 8p. PL iv. 103 ; Boxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 465. Epiden- drum prsemorsum, Boxh. Gor. PI. i. 34, t. 43. — Bheede Sort. Mai. xii. t. 4. Aeridea undulata, Smith in Bees Cyclop, xxxix. Western Peninsula ; ia the Circars, Roxhurgh; the Coucan, Lato. Apparently near 8. Wightianum, but more slender, leaves narrower, lip deeply lobed, very complicate, flowers small, papillose all over, -i-f in. diam. Capsule 2^ in. 32. S. papillosum, Lindl. in Bat. Beg. t. 1552 {excl. syn.) ; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 222 ; stem elongate branched scandent, leaves 3-4 in., scape 1-2 in., internodes close, bracts semicircular, midlobe of lip ovate, spur conical pubescent within. S. carinatura. Griff. Notul. iii. 354. Acampe papillosa, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 2 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 873. Sarcochilus prae- morsus. Sprang. Si/st. PI. iii. 721, ^d Steudel. Bengal and the lower Himalaya Mts., from Sikkim eastwards. Assam, the Gangetic Delta, the Circaes and Tenasserim. Stem 2-3 ft., as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves obliquely notched. Scape closely scarred to the base ; flowers -f in. diam.; ovary very short. Capsule 1^ in., fusi- form.— The lip is broader in Lindley's figure than in Sylhet specimens, in which they are oblong-ovate. - 33. S. ceplialotes. Hook. f. ; stem very short, leaves 3-5 in. narrow with a unilateral semicircular sinus at the tip, peduncle 1 in., midlobe of lip broadly ovate crenulate, sac conic hairy within. Acampe cephalotes Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 3 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 873. Silhet ; H.f. ^ T. A small species, of which there are very few specimens ; it appears to differ from 8. papilloseum in the short stems, longer crowded leaves and small yellow green flowers barred with purple ; lip pale rose with darker spots, disk fimbriate. 34. S. cong-estum^ Hook. f. ; stem short very stout, leaves 6-8 in., scape l|-2 in., internodes very short, bracts broadly ovate acute, flowers crowded, limb of lip rhomboid acute-angled, spur shortly conical or saccate hairy within. S. papillosum, Wight In. t. 1672 {not of Lindl.). Acampe congesta, Lindl. Fol, Orchid. 3 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 873. Vanda congesta, Lindl. in Bot. Beg. 1839, Misc. 61. Malabar, Wight. Cetlon {BoH. Loddiges). Lindley's V. cotxgesta Irom Ceylon is described as having obliquely mucronulate leaves, yellow and brown flowers, lip with an excavate pubescent base, and column with mucrouate angles (a single flower only is in Herb. Lindl.). Wight S. papil- losum, is figured with deeply 2-lobed leaves and a curved spur ; his specimens (in Herh. Lindl. 1019/1836) have curved leaves 8-10 by 1-1^ in. Sect. lY. Platyrhizon. (See p. 54). 35. S. viridiflorum, Lindl. in Joum. Linn. foe. iii. 36 ; leaves 1-2|- in., racemes shorter than the leaves subcorymbose, spur acute glabrous within parallel to the blade of the lip. Dalz. ^ Gihs. Bomb. Fl. 263; Walp. Ann. vi. 885. Micropera viridiflora, Dalz. in Llook. Joum. Bot. iii. (1851), 282. The Southern Concan ; in the Western Ghats, Law, Dalzell. Ceylon, near Kandy {Ic. in Serb. Kew). Leaves ^-^ in. broad. JRaceme 3-5-fld. j bracts short, broad, obtuse j flowers 64 CxLviii. ORCHiDEiR. (J. D. Hooker*) [SacGotahtum. ^-i in. diam., •greenish white; lip clouded with rose-colour, blade situated at the mouth of the spur which it embraces, hroadly deflexed flabelliform membranous outer margins erenulate or trifid, side lobes free rounded j spur very short, conical, incurved. 36. S> maculatum^ Ilook.f.-, leaves 4-6 in., raceme elongate much longer than the leaves laxly many-fld., spur obtuse villous within. Micro- pera muculata. Dalz. in Hook. Journ. JBot. iii. (1851), 282; Dah. Sf Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 263 ; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 38. Sarcochilus macu- latus, Benth. in Gen. Blant. iii. 575. The Southern Concan and Canaea ; on the Western Ghats, Dalzell, Stocks, Ritchie, &c. Leaves 1-2 in., broad, linear-oblong to cuneately oblong, 2-lobed. Raceme 8-12 in., very shortly peduncled ; bracts short, broad; rachis stout; flowers ^ in. diam., subsessile ; sepals and petals yellow with a central purple spot ; lip white and rose-cold., blade situated below the mouth of the short saccate obtuse spur, which it overlaps, very coriaceous, entire; side lobes connate below, narrow, erect and re- curved. Capsule 1^ in., fusiform, 6-ribbed. — Allied, I think, to S. viridijlorum, and not a Sarcochilus, to which Beutham has referred it. Sect. V. DisTiCHA. (See p. 54.) 37. S- distichum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 36 ; leaves 1 in. lanceolate acuminate or 2-3-cuspidate, peduncle 2-3-fld., sepals and petals obovate-oblong, lip with a saccate subhemispheric spur, midlobe small semi- circular fleshy entire with a didymous callus at the base. Reichb. f. Otia Hamburg, 43. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 6-8000 ft., Griffiih's Collectors. Khasia Hills, alt. 5-6000 ft., J. D. K. Sf T. T. Munnipobe, alt. 6900 ft., TFatt. Stems 4-8 in., filiform. Leaves very fleshy. Peduncle rarely longer than the leaves; flowers racemose, \-^ in. diam.; bracts small; sepals and petals green or yellowish spotted with pui-ple ; side lobes of lip 0 ; column very short. Capsule f in., fusiform. 38. S. tenuicaule, ILook.fJc. Plant. ined.\ leaves 3-4 in. linear-lan- ceolate, flowers shortly pedicelled on a tubercle of the stem, sepals broadly obliquely ovate acute, petals smaller, side lobes of lip erect subacute nearly as long as the lanceolate incurved bicuspidate midlobe, 5>pur short con- stricted above the saccate incurved base, villous within at the constriction. Penang ; on West Hill, Curtis. Perak, Scortechini, Wray. Stem 8-12 in., as thick as a crow-quill, simple or branched, rooting at the base only, deeply grooved. Leaves I-5 in. broad, strict. Flowers ^ in. diam., pale green ; sepals thin, nerves 3 faint; petals 1-nerved ; column stout ; midlobe of lip cymbi- forra smooth. Column short, anther membranous, almost flat, acuminate ; rostellum projected, styliform ; strap of small reniform pollinia broad, with a dilated subreni- form apex, gland small. Sect. VI. SPECioSiE. (See p. 54.) 39. S. ampullaceum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7307; Sert. Orchid, i. 17 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 35 {excl. syn.)\ leaves suberect acutely 2-fld. or truncate and toothed, raceme subsessile, shorter than the leaves, spur straight. Faxt. Mag. Bot. xiii. t. 49 ; Bot. Mag. t. 5595 ; Warner Orchid. Alb. 1. 191. -iErides ampullaceum, Boxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 476. Tropical Himalaya, alt. 1-3000 ft., from Nepal eastwards. Silhet, Mdnnipore, Burma, and Tenasserim. Stem short, stout. Leaves 2-6 in., deeply channelled. Racemes shorter than the leaves, cylindric ; bracts minute; flowers f in. diam., rose-red; sepals and petals broadly obovate, widely spreading; spur longer than the blade of the lip. Saccolabium.'] cxlviit. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) « 65 Capsule 1 in., subclavate, angles acute, pedicel ^ in. — Lindley in Journ. Linn. Soc. by oversight probably, refers his S. rubrum to this instead of to curvifolium. 40. S. curvifolium, X^?^^Z. G-en. 8f S'p. Orcliid.222; leaves strongly recurved very narrow, racemes ranch shorter than the leaves, spur straight. Lindl. Gen. So Sp. Orchid. 222; III. Sortie, xii. t. 493; Warn- r Orchid. Alb. t. 107 ; Pnydt Orchid, t. 38. S. rubrnm, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7310 ; Gen. Sc 8p. Orchid. 222. S. miniatum, Sook. Bot. Mag. t. 5326 [not of Lindl.). Assam; Ic. in Hort. Calcutt. Burma, Wallich, Griffith, &c. — Distrib. Java. Very closely allied to -S*. ampullaceum, but the leaves are twice as long, much narrowed and strongly recurved, the flowers more scarlet with a golden lip. — The strap of the pollen is figured in Bot. Mag. as broadly triangular, it should be very slender. Lindley's habitat of Ceylon is no doubt an error, or referable to a culti- vated' specimen ; or an Aerides may have been intended. 41. S. trichromum, Beichh.f. inHamh. Garten zeit,18b9y 51; Xen. Orchid. 119, t. 139 ; leaves spreading obtusely 2-lobed, racemes much shoiter than the leaves, flowers subsecund, spur incurved. S. pallens, Lindl. {not Cathcart) in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 35. SiKKiM Himalaya (7c. Cathcart). Bhotan and Assam {Ic. in Herh. Cat- cutt.). Stem 1-3 ft. Leaves f-1 in. broad. Bacemes 3-5 in., lax-fld., shortly pe- duncled ; pedicel with ovary f in., sigmoid ; sepals linear-oblong, acute and broader shorter petals yellowish-white with a rose-cold, midrib; lip yellowish or rose-cold., speckled with pink; spur i-| in. long, horn-like; limb short, acute, with a flattened hooked callus at the throat. Sect. Vr. TJncipeea. (See p. 55.) 42. S. obtusifolium, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves broadly lorate 2-lobed, raceme elongate, lip cymbiform subacute or bifid, spur incurved upon the side of the lip, tip thickened. Uncifera obtusifolia, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 40. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 5000 ft., Clarke. Bhotax; in the Gheet Valley, Lister. Khasia Hills ; Churra, alt. 4000 ft., J. D. JEC. <^ T. T. Stem 2-4 in., as thick as a goose-quill ; roots very many and long. Leaves flat, 4-6 by |-1 in., very thitk, lobes obtuse. Peduncle with raceme very stout, 2-3 in. ; bracts rather large, ovate, persistent, at length reflexed ; pedicel with ovary ^ in. ; flowers -i-l in. diam., pale lemon-coloured, at first greenish ; limb of lip shorter than the obovate-oblong obscurely nerved sepals, tip of lip thickened, side lobes truncate ; column very short, rostellum beaked ; anther long -ben ked ; pollinia small on the face of the refracted end of the elongate spathulate strap, the margins of which are recurved, gland very long. 43. S> acuminatum, Mnok. f. ; Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves linear- or oblong-lanceolate obliquely acuminate, raceme short, lip cymbiform obtuse, spur arcuate, tip acute. Uncifera acuminata, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 40. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 6-7000 ft., Gamble. Khasia Hills, QriffitJi (Keiv Distrib. 5237), &e. A much more slender plant than S. obtusifolium, with narrower shorter leaves and shorter racemes, a much less curved spur, flowers about the same size and colour^ VOL. VI. J 66 cxLviii. OROHiDEiB. (J. D. Hooker.) \Saccolabivm. but spur not so long or so much incurved, gland of the pollinia smaller. Capsule |-1 in., narrowly fusiform, shortly pedicelled. DOTTBTFUL AND IMPERFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES. S. CLAVATUM, Lindl. Oen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 223. (Epidendrum clavatum, Refz Obs. vi. 50. Limodorum clavatum, Willd. Sp. Fl. \v.l26 ; caulescent, pendulous, leaves linear clavate 2-toothed, spikes leaf-opposed, lip inflated bearded. — East Indies, on trees. — It is impossible to say what this is; it had better be suppressed. S. DASYPOGON, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 222. (Aerides dasypogon, Smith in Mees Cyclop. Suppl. Epidendrum umbellatum, Ham. mss.) ; stemless, leaves ovate-oblong acute obliquely 2-toothed, corymbs subumbellate, sepals and petals in- curved linear-oblong green without blood-red within, lip white dotted with blood- red, limb dilated subcordate toothed. — Nepal, Hamilton. — (Probably S. calceolare). S. Pech^;!, Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1887, i. 447 ; leaves very broad 7 by 2 in. ligulate obtusely 2-lobed, raceme few-fld., flowers 8S in Sect. Calceolaria, as larjre as S. bellinum, sepals and petals cuneately oblong ochreous spotted with red, lip a cupular spur, side lobes retuse and angular over the transversely triangular midlobe, blade white and yellow base of the spur spotted with red. — Moulmein, JPeche. — (I have seen only imperfect cultivated specimens in Herb. Kew. It appears to be a very distinct large-leaved species of Sect. Calceolaria, J. D. H.) AcAMPE Geiffithit, Beichb. f. in Flora, 1872, 277 ; near A. dentata, spur cylindric hairy within, midlobe of lip triangular angled on each side at the base pro- truding, two intermarginal lamellae (" lineatis apice lobosis "), disk warted all over.- — The rest as in ^. dentata, Lindl. — Bhotan, Griffith. Acampe inteemedia, Reichh. f. in Otto. Sf Dietr. Algemein. Oartenzeit. 1856, 217; near ^. multijlora, Lindl.; flowers like those of A. papillosa, Lindl., leaves shorter lovate lip equally 2.1obed, raceme short corymbose, lip (" labello aplectro"), canal between the lateral lobes hairy, midlobe oval acute tubercled. 65. SARCANTHUS, Lindl. Characters oiSaccolabium, but spur with a dorsal usually 2-lobed callus or an erect plate within, inserted under the column, and with the cavity more or less divided by a vertical septum. — Species about 20, Tropical Asiatic. But for the inconvenience attending the substitution of a new generic name for the numerous species of this genus, I should unhesitatingly unite it to Cleisostoma, ixndhoth. to Saccolabium. The only character whereby its species can be distinguished is the more or less septate cavil y of the spur, often a very obscure one, and almost inappreciable when the septum is reduced to a mere ridge. * Leaves elongate, filiform. 1. S. fillformis, Lindl. in Bat. Reg. 1842, Misc. 61 ; leaves 8-10 in., racemes long lax-fld., sepals oblong obtuse, petals smaller and narrower, lip broadly conically, saccate base 2-lobed, side lobes acute incurved, mid- lobe short broad toothed on each side at the base. Bot. Mag. t. 4639 ; Jard. Fleur. 266. SiKKiM Himalaya, Griffith's Collector. Khasia Hills, Lohh. Tenasseeim, Parish. Stem pendulous, as thick as a duck's quill, terete. Leaves distant, ^ in. diam., obtuse. Racemes 6-10 in., curved: bracts minute, ovate; pedicels very short; flowers ^ in. diam. ; sepals and petals dark purple, margins and midrib green ; lip fleshy, white, base broad yellow, midlobe white, sac with a narrow lamina from the base of the midlobe downwards, and a very large-lobed hispid callus below the very broad, thick, yellow column ; strap of oblong pollinia rather broad, gland angular. Sarcanthus.'] oxlviii. orchidej:. (J. D. Hooker.) 67 2. S. Wllliamsonl, Reichb. f. in Hamh. Gartenzeit. 1865, 333 ; in Gard. Ghron. 1865, 674; leaves 4-5 in., racemes long laxly many-fld., sepals ovate-oblong, petals smaller obloDg, side lobes of lip erect oblong obtuse subfalcate, midlobe incurved fleshy thickly clawed acuminate, spur globose. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Farish. Andaman Islands, JBerTceley. Stem nearly as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves i in. diam., curved, obtuse. Racemes 6-8 in., slender, sometimes branched ; bracts ovate-lanceolate ; flowers ^ in. diam., pedicelled, amethystine ; spur with a narrow lamella from the base of the lip downwards and a large lobed pubescent dorsal callus ; anther short ; poUinia very minute subglobose, strap broadly obcordate (short, slender in Ic. Parish). 3. S. appendlculatus, Soolc. f. ; leaves 3 in., racemes short few- fld., sepals oblong, petals smaller and narrower, side lobes of lip triangular acuminate, midlobe short incurved, column pubescent at the base in front, spur funnel-shaped slightly curved obtuse. S. teretifolius, Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 136 {not of Lindl.). Aerides appendiculatnm, Wall. Cat. 7315 ; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 242. Tavoy, Wallich. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Griffith, Parish. Stem as thick as a duck's quill, rigid. Leaves ^ in. diam., obtuse. Racemes 1-2 in. ; bracts minute ; pedicels short ; flowers ^ in. diam. ; petals and sepals re- flexed, yellow-green ; lip rose-pink, spur 2-celled below the middle by a lamina descending from the base of the midlobe ; dorsal callus very large, lobed, pubescent at the base ; anther short ; pollinia very large, strap broadly triangular-ovate. — Very near S. teretifolius of China, but flowers very much smaller and spur longer. ** Leaves flat or channelled. f Stem elongate, scandent or pendulous. 4. S- secundus, Grijf. Notul. iii. 362 ; Ic. PI. Asiat. t. 336 ; stem slender elongate, leaves 4-7 in. narrowly linear-lanceolate acuminate, racemes slender, flowers subsecund, sepals oblong obtuse, petals smaller, side lobes of lip tooth-like, midlobe small ovate acute concave, spur conico- infundibular obtuse gibbous dorsally. Micropera pallida, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7321 {in part), {not of Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid.). SiLHET, Wallich. Uppee Assam, Griffith. Leaves ^-| in. broad, rigid, 5-nerved ; sheaths §—1 in., deeply grooved when dry. Racemes shorter than the leaves, peduncle and rachis slender ; bracts minute, pedicel with ovary ^ in. ; flowers ^ in. diam. ; sepals and petals red with white or yellowish margins and central band ; lip rose-cold., very fleshy, spur white with a longitudinal septum, dorsal callus 2-lobed ; column stout, short, rostellum subulate ; anther long-beaked, strap of globose pollinia slender, dilated above, gland minute. Capsule i-f in., ellipsoid or oblong, ribs low. — Referred to under >S'. 'peninsularis as possibly that plant by Lindley (in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 39), but is very difierent. From a so-named drawing in Herb. Calcutt. this would seem to be the original S. oxyphyllus, of Wallich's mss. ; and that Lindley inadvertently transferred that name to No. 16. 5. S/ peninsularis, Dalz. in Sooh. Kew Journ. iii. (1857), 243; racemes 1-6 in., flowers deflexed, sepals and smaller petals obovate-oblong obtuse, side lobes of lip short erect subacute, midlobe small incurved acute, spur conical subacute dilated above. Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 39 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 891 ; Dalz. Sc Gils. Bomb. Fl. 264. S. pauciflorus, Wight Ic. t. 1747 {bad). Saccolabium acuminatum, Thwaites Enum. 34. p 2 68 cxLViii. OKCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) \_Sarcanflius, The Deccan Peninsula; on the Ghats from the Concan to Travancore. Ceylon ; in tlie Saffragam district. Stem 10-12 in., as thick as a duck's quill, flexuous, pendulous. Leaves uniform, 6-8 by ^-^ in., rigid, strict or curved, 3-5-nerved, acuminate, tip obtuse, sheaths ribbed. Racemes slender, bracts minute; flowers ^ in. diam., greenish or yellow •with pink margins and a violet li}) ; sepals and petals rather spreading ; spur more or less perfectly 2-celled, dorsal callus small; column short; anther beaked, pollinia didymous, strap slender dilated upwards, gland small. Capsule l-f in., deflexed, narrowly oblong. 6. S. Insectifer, Reichh. f. in Bot. Zeii. 1857, 159; leaves many •1- by f in. oblong amplexicaul, spikes very short stout few-fid., sepals ovate- oblong obtuse, petals oblong, side lobes of lip rounded, niidlobe large trian- gular-ovate fleshy, spur short broadly conical. Behar; at Burkutta, J^. D. H. Cachar, Mann. Chittagong {Ic. in Hort. Ccdcutt.). Tknasserim. Parish. Stem a foot and upwards, robust, scandent, thicker than a goose-quill. Leaves subimbricate, obliquely obtusely 2-lobed with sometimes an intermediate apiculns, thickly cori;!ceous. Spikes ^ in., sessile; bracts small, deciduous; flowers ^ in. diam., greenish -yellow striped with red-brown; lip white and pink or purple, mid- lobe acute or acuminate, spur semiseptate mouth with a pubescent ridge, dorsal callus large ; column very short, stout, tip reclinate and with uncinate recurved arms; anther truncate, pollinia globose didymous, strap short very broad, gland transverse. 7. S. Scortechinil, Hook. f. ; leaves 8-5 by 1:^ in. subpetioled oblong-lanceolate acute flat, spike about equalling the leaves very stout many-fld., sepals oblong acute, petals half as broad, side lobes of lip ob- solete, midlobe hastately deltoid, spur longer than the sepals conical obtuse curved. Pebak, Scortechini ; on rocks, Wray. Stem elongate, robust, as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves very thick. Spikes 2-6 in., flowers ^ in. diam. ; sepals and petals lurid purple with green midrib and margins ; lip i in., yellowish, spur 2-celled, dorsal callus large ; column short ; anther obtusely beaked ; pollinia 4, broadly oblong, strap linear. Capsules 1 in., linear-oblong, deflexed. — Described from fruiting specimens and a drawing by Scortechini. 8. S> palllduS; TAndl. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. 78 ; in Journ. Linn. Sac. iii. 39 ; leaves 10-14 in. lorate flat, panicle very large copiously branched laxly many-fld., sepals and smaller petals oblong obtuse, side lobes of lip triangular acuminate, midlobe a small incurved ovate acute fleshy beak, spur a cylindiic obtuse sac. S. racemifer, Reichb. f. in WnJp. Ann. vi. 891. S. tricolor, J?./, in Bonpland. ii. 219. Saccolabium racemi- ferum, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. '2'24:. Aerides racemiferum, Wall. mss. East Nepal, alt. 4000 ft., J. L>. H. Bhotan and the Khasia Hills, alt. 4-6000 ft., Wallich, &c. Burma, Berkeley. Stem as thick as the thumb ; roots very stcut. Leaves very coriaceous, 2 in. broad, deeply obtusely 2-lobed. Panicle with the stout peduncle 2-3 ft., branches long, slender; bracts at the forks ovate-lanceolate, floral subulate, persistent; pedicel with ovary i in. ; flowers ^ in. diam.; sepals anil petals dark purple edged with yellow ; lip white, s]iur thic k-walled, ai)out as long as the sepals, semiseptals longitudinally, dorsal csillns 2-lobcd; colum\i short, stout, rostelluui obscure; anther broad, acute, pollinia oblong, strap dilated above, gland small. Capsule f in., ellipsoid or clavate. — The E. Nepal specimen has shorter leaves and an ellipsoid capsule. Sai'canihus.] oxlViII. oRChideji. (J". B. Hooker.) 69 ft St 6711 short or 0. 9. S. erinaceus* Beichh.f. in Bot. Zeit. 1864, 298 ; leaves Hnear- oblong subacute chaunelled, racemes longer than the leaves pendulous laxly mauy-fld. hirsute, sepals and smaller petals oblong-obovate white, side lobes of lip broad midlobe ovate-oblong obtuse, spur shorter than the sepals saccate. Bot. Mag. t. 5630. S. Stowellianas, Batem. mss. Tenasserim ; at Mouhneiu, Parish. Stem short, as thick as the little finger. Leaves close set, 2-3 by f in., recurved, coriaceous. Racemes 4-6 in., rachis slender purple; bracts minute; flowers f in. diam. ; pedicel with ovary J-f in. ; side lobes of lip with acute outer angles, spur with a sinuous ridge at the mouth, and with a broad plate extending downwards from the base of the pink midlobe, dorsal callus didymous ; column stout, recurved, beak tiecurved, base broad; anther long-beaked, sjbrap of pollinia very slender, gland minute. 10. S. laxus, Beichh.f. in Bat Zeit. 1886, 378; in Saunders Befug. Bot. t. 109; leaves very short broad fleshy, raceme 6-8 in., sepals broadly oblong obtuse, petals obovate-oblong, side lobes of lip erect, midlobe very short obtuse concave, spar broadly conical obtuse. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Griffith, Parish. Stem. 0. Leaves 2^-3 by l-l^ in., linear-oblong, obtusely 2-lobed, clouded with purple beneath. Peduncle slender, branched at the base, very lax-fld. ; bracts minute; pedicel with ovary horizontal, f in. long; flowers yellow, resupinate ; spur with a narrow longitudinal plate at the base wittiin ; dorsal callus 2-lobed, glabrous; column rather long rostellum elongate, deflexed ; strap of globose pollinia very long, slender, gland minute. — Very near S. erinaceus. There are two specimens in Herb. Kew., both from the Royal Gardens; in one the sepals and petals are much broider than in the other, and the raceme much longer. A drawing of a flower of this species is in Herb. Lindl., marked " India (Griffith) Loddiges." The ridge within the spur hardly amounts to a septum, and the species is therefore intermediate between Sarcanthus and Cleisostoma. 11. S. Parishii, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5217 ; leaves 4-6 in. lorate keeled unequally obtusely 2-fid, racemes or panicles elongate many and lax-fld., feepals ovate obtuse, petals smaller narrower oblong, side lobes of lip rounded, midlobe broadly ovate, straight or recurved, spur longer than the sepals narrowly conical curved. Tenasserim; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem 1-2 in., roots very stout. Leaves few, divaricate, bases closely imbricating. Racemes 6-16 in. ; bracts minute, ovate, acute ; flowers i in. diam., golden yellow ; sepals and petals striated with red ; spur septate below the middle, dorsal callus large ; column short ; anther acuminate, pollinia didymous oblong shortly stipitate below the tip of the narrowly spathulate strap (as in sect. Uncifera of Saccolabium), gland minute. 12. S. lorifolius, Parish mss. ; leaves very thick curved linear chaunelled keeled obtusely notched, scape flexuous and rachis of panicled dense-fld. spikes stout, bracts reflexed, lateral sepals broadly obovate, petals more oblong obtuse, side lobes of lip subulate, midlobe ovate concave, spur longer than the sepals. Hook.f. Ic. Flant. ined. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem 3-4 in,, stout, few leaved. Leaves 4r- by ^-f in., sheath very short. Peduncle 4 in., green, sheaths obtuse; spikes 3-4 in. ; bracts ovate-subulate; sepals and petals yellow with red; spur wliite, half 2-celled by vertical lamella, dorsal callus didymous j columa short j anther short, broad, pollinia didymous, strap not lang 70 cxLYiii. OECHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [JSarcanthus. gland ovate. — Described from an excellent drawing by Parish. Habit, spike and bracts of Cleisostoma spicatum ; but the flowers are smaller, yellow, and the spur distinctly septate within. 13. S. oxyphyllus, Wall, ex Lindl. in Bot. Beg. 1840, Misc. 68 ; leaves 6-12 by |-| in. rigid acuminate, racemes short dense-lid., sepals oblong obtuse, petals smaller obovate-oblong, side lobes of lip acuminate, midlobe small ovate incurved, spur much longer than the sepals sub- cylindric obtuse. ? Cleisostoma subulatum, Blume Bijd. 362. Angraecum pugioniforme, Klotzsch in Cat. Sem. Sort. Berol. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem short. Leaves thickly coriaceous, margins recurved, narrowed to both ends. ^acem(? 4-6 in. ; bracts minute, acute; flowers :^ in. diam., dull purple, with yellow disk and margins ; spur large, obtuse, septate below the middle, dorsal callus large lobed ; column rather long, rostellum minute ; anther acuminate, pollinia didymous, strap very slender, gland minute. — Very near 8. pugioniformis, Reichb. f. in Otto and Diet. Gartenzeit, 1856, 219, but the leaves in that are broader and racemes much longer. Lindley (Bot. Reg- 1. c.) says that oxyphyllus is nothing but a narrow leaved var. of the Chinese S. rostraius, but as noted under 8. secundus there has been a misapplication or transference of Wallich's name of oxyphyllus by Lindley or Wallich. SPECIES UNKNOWN TO ME, S. AEIETINUS, Eeichh. f. in Oard. Chron. 1869, 416 ; stem 5 in., leaves 3 in. straight stout terete as thick as a quill, raceme small deflexed many fld., bracts trhm- gularnot half the length of the pedicelled ovary, flowers small greenish, lip rosy, sepals oblong, petals ligulate obtusely acute, lip 3-fid, side lobes obtuse-angled plaited in the middle, midlobe triangular acute yellowish, spur retrorse with an erect lamellate grooved callus under the column, column slender velvety at the angles of the lip near the fovea. Assam (Hort. Day). Stiff", as if made of tin. S. ASPEESUS, Reichh. f. in Hamb. Gartenzeit, 1866, 297; near S. Parishii ; leaves ligulate broadly 2-toothed, peduncle long slender, flowers racemed equalling 8. paniculatus, sepals green, lip purple-spotted, sepals ovate apiculate, petals spur curved with a longitudinal septum, side lobes semi-ovate involute auricled at the isthmus and at the base, midlobe sessile triangular. — Burma, Hort^Soc. S. Chetsomelas, Reichb. /. in Gard. Chron. 1869, 662 ; leaves broadly lorate unequally 2-lobed, panicle simple, bracts triangular much shorter than the pedicelled ovaries, flowers yellowish, disk of sepals and petals blackish-purple, sepals and sub- equal petals oblong, side lobes of lip triangular with an ascending awn, midlobe triangular, spur straight conical, septum running from the posticous base of the spur along the anticous and excurrent on the midlobes, callus under the column bicrural, column slender, base puberulous. — Tenasserim, at Moulmein, Benson (Sort. Veitch.) S. paniculatus has a 3-fid midlobe of the lip ; S. racemifer (Saccolab. racemiferum and Sarcanth. pallidus, Lindl.), has a totally different column anther, callus, and different side lobes of lip. S. MACEODON, Reichh f. in Gard. Chron. 1872, 1555 ; leaves short oblong-ligulate with 2 triangular forcipate teeth, raceme elongate laxly many-fld., bracts most minute, pedicelled ovary and cylindric spur equal, sepals and petals oblong straight ribbM on the back, lip 3-fid, side lobes subquadrate anticous angle folded inwards, midlobe triangular concave, column short with a styliform deflexed process on each side next to the elongate deflexed linear triangular rostellum. — Madras Presi- dency, Benson {Hart. Veitch.). S. MiEABiLis, Reichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1878, ii. 300; leaves 5^ by -f in. ligulate 2-fid, lobes ligulate obtuse, panicle If in. elongate slender, branches distant erect ends racemose, bracts most minute, flowers small yellowish, spur purple, sepals oblong acute dorsal arched gibboxis, petals ligulate, lip 3-fid, side lobes short erect oblong acute, midlobe triangular horizontal, spur cylindric semicurved grooved septate, dorsal callus forked, strap of pollinia oblong bent over the compressed andrccliuium, pollinia blue on a forked appendage of the strap. — Burma ? {Hort. Hohart). — Near S. Sarcanthus.'] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 71 Parishii, with even more remarkable poUinia. [The strap of the stipitate poUinia must resemble that of Saccolah. sect. Uncifera, J. D. H.]. CZiEXSOSTOlUA, Blume. Differs from Sarcanthus only ia the spur not being septate, and from Saccolahium in having a dorsal scale or callus within the spur beneath the column. — Species (known) probably 15 or 20. Under Sarcanthus I huve given my reason for not bringing that genus under this j to which I may sidd that if both wei'e brought under Saccolahium, the result would be perhaps more satisfactory still. Tliere are no characters of habit or habitat whereby the three can be distinguished, and the structural are very minute and often obscure. In Cleisostoma aud Sarcanthus the dorsal appendage within the spur is either a 2-lobed callus or a thin scale, suggesting the propriety of rearranging the species of both genera by this character, but it is one so difficult of accurate observation in dried specimens that I hesitate to adopb it. * Stem more or less elongate. Peduncle stout, usually longer than the leaves, branched, erect ; flowers in short spikes or racemes terminating the branches, {as in Sarcanthus pallidus). 1. C. latifolium, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. 60; stem very stout, leaves 2^-9 by 1^-2 in., from oblong to lorate, peduncle very stout, side lobes of lip short truncate, midlobe renit'ormly ovate caruncled towards the base, spur saccate. Walp. Ann. vi. 889. (J. fuscum, Lindl. in Journ. Bort. Sac. 1850, 80 ; Walp. I.e. Perak, Wray, {Ic. Scortechini) ; Sij^gapoee and Malacca, Griffith. {Kew DiS" trib. 9235), Mai'ngay, (K.d. 1647). Stem 6—10 in., as thick as the middle finger. Leaves thickly coriaceous, flat, obtusely broadly 2-lobed, base narrowed. Peduncle 12-18 in., rather flexuous j sheaths annular ; branches 1-2 in. ; rachis of spikes very stout, bracts minute, broad; flowers -i- in. diam. ; sepals and petals obovate-oblong, greenish margined or spotted with red-brown ; spur sometimes inflated below, dorsal scale truncate erose ; column very short, rostellum inconspicuous ; anther low, broad, strap of globose pollinia linear, gland small. Capsule 1 in., fusiform. — Of Lindley*s C. latifolium there is no specimen in his Heibarium. It was described from a Singapore plant cultivated by Loddiges, and agrees in characters with C. fuscum, of which Lindley himself says it is probably only a form of latifolium. 2. C. andamanicum, Hoolc. f. ; leaves 4-6 by ^-f in. lorate, pe- duncle equalling or exceeding the leaves, side lobes of lip short truncate, midlobe very short reniform, spur cylindric. South Andaman Islands, Kurz. Stem as thick as a goose-quill. Leaves very coriaceous, recurved, obtusely un- equally 2-lobf!d. Peduncle 5-7 in. ; sheaths annular and bracts and flowers as in C. latifolium; flowers ^ in. diam., pale greenish-yellow with a purple band within the margin ; lip yellow, spur spotted with red, dorsal callus retuse ; column very short, ros- tellum lai'ge, prominent ; anther ovate, acuminate, strap of globose pollinia slender, glaud medium-sized. — Closely allied to latifolium, but much more slender, leaves smaller and narrower and spur cylindric. 3. C. xnaculosum, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 227; in Bot. Reg. 1840, Misc. 37 ; leaves Q-*7 by |-f in. narrowly lorate, peduncle stout shorter or about equalling the leaves, side lobes of lip short truncate, mid- lobe very short ovate papillose, spur saccate. Walp. Ann. vi. 888. 0. ga- leatum, Thwaites Enum. 305. Saccolahium galeatum, Gardn. mss. 72 cxLViii. 0RCHrt)EiH:. (J. B. Hooker.) [Cleisosioma. Ceylon ; in the Central Province, Macrae, &c. Stem as thick as a swan's quill. Leaves coriaceous, ohtusely unequally 2-lobed. Peduncle with annular shoaths ; bracts short, broad; flowers ^ in. diam., ytllow spotted with red ; spur much smaller than the obovate-oblong sepals, dorsal scale truncate ; column very short, rostellura short ; anther small, strap of p:lobose pollinia linear, gland small. Capsule 1^ in., narrowly clavate. — Beutham (Gen. Plant, iii. 580) erroneously unites Thwaites* Saccolabium lineolatum, C.P. 274 L {S. ochraceum, Lindl.) with Lindley's C. maculosum. 4. C. crassifolium, Lindl. in Taxt. Fl. Gard. iii. 125, t. 99 ; leaves 8-10 in. obtuse keeled, peduncle long stout branched, spikes recurved, lip with a pubescent ridge at the mouth of the cylindric spur, side lobes rounded, midlobe broadly ovate, lateral angles acute recurved. Jard. Fleur. iv. t. 397; Walp. Ann. vi. 889 ; Lindenia iii. t. 139. Tenassekim ? {Hort. Veitch.). Stem as thick as the thumb. Leaves recurved, very thick, channelled above. Peduncle equalling the leaves ; flowers \ in. diam. ; sepals oblongr, obtuse, and petals green and spotted; lip rose-cold., mouth ot spur closed by the thickened ridge, disk of midlobe thickened ; dorsal callus compressed, decnrved ; column very short ; anther acuminate, pollinia 4, subglobose, strap linear, gland small. ** Stem short. Peduncle slender ; flowers scattered on the slender branches of the joanicle. 6. C* ramosum^ Hook. f. ; stem sbort, leaves loriform obliquely 2-lobed, panicles broad, sepals obovate equalling the conical spur, side lobes of lip very small, midlobe triangular-ovate obtuse, disk at base and short spur within pubescent. Saccolabium ramosum, Lindl. Gen. S( Sp. Orchid. 224. S. flexuosum, Lindl. in Jovrn. Linn. Soc. iii. 36. CEceoclades flexuosa, Li7idl. in Wall. Cat. 7333 ; Gen. 4* Sp. Orchid. 236. Aerides ramo.sum, Wall. mss. SiKKiM Himalaya; in hot valleys, /. B. H. Lower Bengal and the Sunder- bunds, Wallich, Clarke. Bu«MA ; on the Attran Kiver, Wallich; Moulmein, Parish. Stem 1-3 in. Leaves 3-5 by ^-i in. Panicle erect; bracts minute ; flowers ^ in. diam., buff, or yellowish flushed or faintly blotched with red, or dull red with green margins ; sepals and smaller obovate petals 3-nerved ; lip white, flushed with pink or baaded with yellow ; dorsal scale in spur erect 2-fid. pubescent ; column very short, broad ; anther short very broad, pollinia (4, 2 very small, Ctarke), strap dilated upwards and suddenly contracted at the tip. Capsule I in., fusiform. — Wallich's specimens from Burma have very narrow leaves. *** Stem usually elongate. Peduncle slender or stout rarely branched, usually shorter than the leaves. 6. C. spicatum, Lindl. in JBot. Reg. 1847, under t. 32i ; leaves 4-8 by \-2 in., spike stout simple dense-fld., bracts ovate-subulate deflexed, side lobes of lip broad rounded, midlobe small ovate fleshy, spur contracted above the inflated 4-lobulate base. Sarcanthus densiflorus. Par. & Meichb. f. in Trans. Linn. iSoc. xxx. 136. Saccolabium densiflorum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7311; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 220; in Bot. Reg. 1838, Misc. 56. brides densiflorum, Wall. mss. Tenasserim; at Moulmein, Parish. Penang, Wallich, Cwr^is.— Disteib. Borneo. Stem as thick as the middle finger in Penanjr, more slender in Moulmein. Leaves oUong or linear-oblong, broadly unequally 2-lobed. Spike decurved or pen- dulous ; flowers ^ in. diam., glabrous or subfurfuraceous i sepals and petals broad, Cletsosioma.] cxlViii. oRcHityE.-El. (J. D. Hooker.) 73 dull red with a pale central band ; lip yellowish flushed with red, midlobe incurved, spur sometimes transversely septate towards the base, brevipes, Sook. f. ; stem elongate, leaves 4 in. distichous uniform linear-lanceolate acute fleshy, spike short sessile dense-fld., rachis very thick, bracts short, flowers f in. diam., sepals and petals subsimilar ovate-oblong obtuse orange-yellow with two purple bands, lip pale yellow, side lobes falcate acute, midlobe short hastate with a membranous 2- awned tip, disk thickened, spur a short sac tip rounded. SiZKiM Himalaya, (7c. w Sort. Calcutt.) ; alt. 5000 ft. Gamble. Assam, {Hort. N. Campany .) Stems tufted, 8-12 in., as thick as a goose-quill, internodes ^-f in., rugulose. Leaves erecto-patent, sessile, f in. diam., flat, hard, tip raicronate. Sp>ke 1-1| in.; basal sheaths short, annular, and bracts l)rovvn ; ovary ^ in., green striped with duir purple; sac of lip shining, thiikened disk extending backward to meet the thick callus at the base of the column, thus closing the orifice of the sac; column short, stout, pollinia subquadvate, strap compressed, gland large, 2-partite. Capsule 1-1-J in., fusiform, terete, fleshy, striate. — Described from fresh cultivated specimens sent to Kew. 74 cxLViii. oEOHiDEJi;. (J. D. Hooker.) \_Cleisostoma, Stem very short. Leaves subradical. Peduncle and raceme or spike much shorter than the leaves. 10. C. undulatum, Beichh. f. in Flora, 1872, 274 ; leaves 4-8 by f-l|- in. lorate narrowed at both, ends undulate, racame mauy-fld., sepals oblong, side lobes of lip orbicular, midlobe suborbicular caruncled oljscurely 3-lobed, spur short globose. Saccolabium undulatum, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7301 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 222. SiLHET, WallicTi. Chittagong, bill tracts, Gamble. Stem 1-1|- in., roots fascicled. Leaves unequally obtusely 2-lobed, often falcate, sheatli very short, flattened, midrib beneath strong. Raceme |-1 in. ; bracts minute; flowers ^ in. diam., yellow blotched with red; sepals faintly 3-nerved; petals spathulately obovate, obtuse, 1-nerved ; spur contracted at the mouth, mem- branous, dorsal scale erect bifid ; column very short, rostellum minute, deflexed ; anther broad, membninous, 1-celled, strap of globose pollinia slender, gland minute. Capsule f in. long, linear-oblong. 11. C. uteriferum, HooJc. f. ; stemless, leaves 6-8 by 1^- in. lorate tip broad rounded or retuse margins undulate, spike stoutly peduncled shorter than the leaves dense-fid., sepals obovate-oblong undulate tip rounded, petals smaller and narrower, side lobes of lip truncate, midlobe very small ovate fleshy, spur a large inflated subglobose sac sulcate in front, neck contracted. Perak, Kunstler {Hort. Bot. Calc). Leaves flat, base hardly contracted. Spike with peduncle 3 in. ; rachis very stout, strict; bracts minute; ovary very short, J^ in. ; flowers :^ in. diam., thi.ck, sepals and petals dirty yellow, dull red towards the base, nerves obscure ; lip shorter, spur longer than the sepnls, slightly incurved, grooved down the front, walls thin, dorsal scale large semicircular convex entire ; column very short indeed, rostellum small, protruded ; anther broad, truncate, 1-celled, pollinia globose, seated on the contracted capex of a rather broad lanceolate strap, gland oblong. — Near C. undu- latum and Wendlandorum, but with a much larger inflated spur, smaller midlobe of lip, and broad strap of the pollinia. Described from an analysis of dried flowers and a fine drawing in the Calcutta Herbarium. 12. C. Wendlandorum, Beichh. f. in Otto Sf Dietr. Allgemein. Gartenzeit. 1856, 219 ; leaves 6-10 by 1-1| in., broadly lorate, raceme simple or branched many-fld., sepals obovate-oblong, petals narrower, side lobes of lip obscure rounded, midlobe small orbicular fleshy, spur short in- flated. C. caAlosMm, Beichh. f. in Bonpland {not of Blume.) Pomatocalpa spicatum, Kuhl ^ Rasselt. ex. B. f. in Otto ^ Dietr. Allgemein. Gartenzeit. I. c. Cachak ; Keenan. Tenasserim, Parish. Andaman Islands, Berkeley. Stem 1-1| in., very stout, roots fascicled. Leaves coriaceous, 2-lobed, nerveless, midrib beneath slender. Raceme ov panicle 4-6 in, ; bracts obscure ; flowers ^ in. broad, yellow, papillose ; spur very short broad truncate, dorsal scale semicircular erose ; column very short, rostellum beaked ; anther broad, strap of globose pollinia linear, gland small. Capsule (in Cachar) 1 iu., linear-oblong. — A much larger plant than C. undulatum, named after the two Wendlands of Herrenhausen, father and son. 13. C. Z^annii, Beichh. f. in Flora^ 1872,273; leaves lorate narrowed at both ends, raceme simple or branched many-fld., sepals and petals obovate, side lobes of lip truncate obtusely angled, midlobe orbicular-ovate, spur short inflated. CleisostomaJ] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 75 Assam, Mann. SiKKiM? (Jc. in Kerb. Calcutf.) I have seen but one specimen ; it is as small as C. undulafum, from which it differs in the much longer stouter peduncle and raceme, and very small flowers about Jq in. diam. (pale golden yellow flushed with red at the base of the sepals and petals, according to the Sikkim drawing). Dorsal scale of spur erect, 2-fid ; column very short, anther broad, obtuse, pollinia subglobose, strap dilated upwards, rather long, gland small. 14. C. declpiens, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1884, Misc. 11 ; leaves 8-10 by 1 in. thick purple dotted beneath, peduncle simple or branched, spike many-fid., sepals and petals ovate or oblong-ovate, lip broader than long entire, spur short broad gibbous. C. maculosum, Thwaites Enum. 304 (C. P. 3885) {not of Lindl.) C. Thwaitesianum, Trimen in Journ. Bot. 1885, 244. Ceylon ; on trees in the low country, Thtoaites (C.P. 3193). A drawing of this plant from the Perideniya Herbarium represents the stem 1^ in. long, the leaves 5-6 by |-1 in., lorate, unequally obtusely 2-lobed, sheaths h in. long, and underside of leaf speckled with purple. Flowering peduncle stout, speckled with purple, with the dense-fld. spike 2 in., lengthening to 6 in. in fruit ; bracts minute, subulate ; flowers i in. diam., yellowish, more or less suflused with red. Capsule sessile, f in., linear-oblong.- — The specimen in Lindley's herbarium (from Hort. Lcddiges) consists of an imperfect leaf 4 by f in. and a few inches of a branched panicle, the flowers not ^ in. diam., are crowded in elongate spikes with a stout rachis. The sepals as drawn by Lindley are obovate-oblong, obtuse, reddish- brown, with a broad golden margin ; side lobes of lip erect, truncate, midlobe white, spur yellowish ; dorsal scale of spur broad erect; column and rostellum very short ; strap of globose pollinia linear, with an apiculate tip. — Trimen rightly suspects his Thivaitesiannm to be Lindley's decipiens. 15. C. bicuspidatum, ^ooyb. /. ; leaves 3-4 by ^-1 in. acutely 2-fid, raceme lax-fid. much shorter than the leaves, sepals orbicular-obovate obtuse, petals oblong-obovate, side lobes of lip plicate truncate, midlobe very stout ovate acute incurved, spur cylindric longer than the sepals obtuse. SiKZiM Himalaya ; near Darjeeling, Anderson {in Serb. Calcutt.). Khasia Hills ; alt. 2000 ft., Mann. Tenasseeim, Parish {1c. in Hort. Calcutt.). Stem very short. Leaves flat, narrowed towards the base, lobes very acute, often unequal, the longer f in. Peduncle with 5-6-fld. simple or branched raceme 2-5 in. ; bracts small, ovate; flowers |-f in. diam., spreading or reflexed ; sepals and petals yellowish-green, with a median stripe ; lip white, speckled or flushed with rose, spur longer than the sepals, mouth infundibular with a thickened ridge, dorsal ctillus 2-lobed ; column very short, rostellum long decurved ; anther beaked ; strap of globose pollinia dilated upwards, tip rounded produced beyond the pollinia, margins recurved, gland minute. species unknown to me. C. DiscoLOE, Lindl. in Pot. Reg. 1845, Misc. 59; leaves oblong channelled obliquely truncate, peduncle long slender dull purple branched at the extremity, sepals orbicular -ovate 5-nerved, and petals elliptic, both dull yellow with a greenish tinge, lip 3-fid, side lobes plicate with a conical caruncle in the inner faces within, dorsal tooth undivided keeled, spur longer than the sepals obtuse nearly white. — India {Sort. Lcddiges). In Lindley's fragment the leaf is 3^ by nearly 1 in., the very slender peduncle has some small ovate obtuse sheaths ; bracts small, broad, membranous; fl. buds about i in. diam., membranous; spur cylindric, longer than the broad sepals, walls thin ; side lobes of lip truncate, subcrenate ; midlobe very short continuous with the side lobes, incurved, ovate, acute, concave, thin, without calli; callus below the column 2-lobed, puberulousj pollinia each didymous, strap clavate with recurved margins, gland very small. 76 CxlViii. ORCHlDE^. (J". D. Hooker.) [Otet^osioma, C. LORATUM, Reichh.f. in Flora, 1872, 273; stem short, leaves cuneately lorate obliquely acumiuate, racemes stout strict, flowers small, bracts small triangular persistent, sepals ami petals ligulate obtusely acute, side lobes of lip transverse retuse with a minute callus at each internal angle, spur short hemispheric, scale under column sharply 2-fid to the middle, limb ovate obtusely acute. — Assam. EcHio&LOSSUM STRIATUM, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, 390; stem erect strict branched, sheaths very rough (arpophyllaceous), leaves linear-ligulate un- equally acute very coriaceous keoled towards the tip, racemes short drooping, flowers small dense yellow streaked with red, sepals and narrower petals oblong obtusely acute, lip obtusely conic, side lobes triangular erect, midlobe hastately triangular, tip acutely 2-toothed, callus below the column ligulate, strap of polleu linear, gland very large, hippocrepiform. Sikkim Himalaya (Sort. Mackay) — {JEcMo' glossum is reduced to Cleisostoma in Gen. Plant.) 67. ORNZTKOCKIXiUS, Wall. Epiphytes : Stem very short, pseudobulb 0. Leaves few, broad, flat. Scapes lateral, slender; flowers small, racemed or panicled. Sepals spread- ing, subequal, lateral obliquely obovate. Petals linear. JLip much larger than the sepals, clawed, side lobes subquadrate, midlobe clawed inflexed lobulate and fimbriate, with a velvety flap over the mouth of the short incurved spur, which is distant from the base. Column short, foot 0, rostellnm forcipate ; anther low 2-celled, pollinia 2, subglobose or oblong, grooved, strap obcuneate. — Species 1 or 2, Indian and Chinese. 0. fuscus, Wall, in Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 242. O. cublepharum, Hance in Journ. Bot. xxii. (1884), 364. Aerides difforme, Wall, in Lindl. I. c. 242, Sert. Orchid. Frontisp. i. 7; Eeichh.f. in Gard. Chron. 1865, 698 ; Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. in. 41 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 899 ; A. Hystrix. Lindl. in J. L. S. 42 {not of Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid.). Tropical Himalaya ; from Garwhal ? Falconer, to Sikkim, and the Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft. Texasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. — Distrib. China. Stem ^l in., 2-3-leaved. Leaves 3-7 by 1-1^ in,, obliquely elliptic-oblong, acute, many nerved, base narrowed. Racemes simple or sparingly branched, 6-12 in., lax-fld. ; bracts small, subulate ; flowers i-| in. broad ; sepals and petals yellow streaked with red ; side lobes of lip striped with brown, midlobe variable in breadth, red, its lobules reflexed, the mid-one entire or fimbriate. Capsule 1 in., fusiform, pedicelled. 68. THINIOPKVZiIiUM, Blume. Small stemless epiphytes, leafless when flowering, roots flattened? pseudobalbs 0. Leaves linear or few or 0. Peduncle very short, filiform, simple, flowers very minute, spicate. Sepals and petals subequal, free or connate at the base. Lip sessile, saccate or spurred ; side lobes short, broad, midlobe small fleshy. Column short, broad, foot 0; anther 2- celled; pollinia 4, in superposed pairs, strap linear, gland small. — Species about 6, Indian, Malayan, Australian and Pacific. There are several Perak plants in Scortechini collections that are probably Tanio- phylla; but the species are obscure, minute, and very imperfectly known, and there are no doubt many to be discovered. 1. T. Alxxrisii, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 42 ; peduncle glabrous, sepals and petals connate, lip cymbiform. Tkwaites JEnum. 305. Reichb. f. Xen. Orchid. 67, t. 116. Tceniophyllum.'] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 77 Ceylon; in the Ambagamowa district, De Alwis. Roofs fleshy. Peduncle \ in. ; bracts keeled ; flowers most minute, pale green ; sepals, petals and lip connate into an acutely 6.toothed perianth ; margins of lip free ; column shore; anther square, sub-4-celled; poUinia 4, pyriform, sessile on the gland. — Descript. from Thvvaites. 2. T. scaberulum, Hook. f. ; peduncle \ in. scabernlous, sepals petals and lip connate at the base, lip deeply saccate with a minute incurved midlobe. Travancorr ; on teak branches, at Cottayam, Johnson. Roots about -2V in- diam., compressed. Peduncle 2-3-fld. ; bracts broad ; flowers sessile, -^ in. diam. ; sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, fleshy ; sac or spur nearly as long as the limb of the lip, base rounded ; column very short ; anther truncate in front, poUinia pyriform. Capsule (youngj, 5 in., slender, curved, scaberulous. 3. T. serrula, Hoolc. f. ; leafless, spike sessile many-fid. appearing serrulate from the number and regularity of the very minute subdis- tichons bracts, sepals and petals free or nearly so, lip cymbiform, side lobes low rounded, midlobe very short thick, spur scrotiform. Perak ; at Larut, King's Collector. Roots stout, i in. diam. Spikes l-l in. ; bracts concave, obtuse ; flowers about -i in. diam., red dish -yellow ; sepals lanceolate, obtuse and narrower petals with one thick nerve ; side lobes of lip incurved ; column very short, papillose. Capsule f-li in., trigonous. 69. BUCROSACCUS, Blume. Small densely tufted epiphytes; stems densely leafy. Leaves disti- chous, narrow or scalpelliform, fleshy. Floicers minute, subsessile or very shortly racemose. Sepals and petals subequal, widely spreading. Lip small, adnate to the base of the column, base broadly saccate ; side lobes small or 0, midlobe broad subentire. Column very short, truncate ; anther obtuse ; poUinia 4, distinct, ellipsoid or globose, sessile on the slender strap, gland sniall or medium sized. Capsule small. — Species 3 or 4, Malayan. 1. TIL, javensis, Blume Bijdr. 367 ; leaves equitant scalpelliform, flowers subsolitary. Lindl. Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 219. Saccolabium Griftithii, Far. & Beichb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 145. Tenasserim ; at Mergui, Griffith (Kew Distrib. 5244), Heifer (Kew Bistrih. 5384). Parish. Perak, Scortechini. — Distrib. Malay Islands, Cambodia. Stems 2-4 in., curved, | in. diam. across the leaves. Leaves broad'y ovate, obtuse, somewhat recurved, wrinkled when dry. Floivers -^-^ in. diam., almost con- cealed by the leaves, cellular, white ; bracts scarious, sheatliing; sepals lanceolate; petals rather narrower; lip obtusely 3-lobed. Capsule ^ in., sessile, ellipsoid. — Description of flower from a drawing by GriflSth in Herb. Lindl. I have seen no authentic Javan specimen, but the Indian plant agrees well with Blume's description. 2. XKE. virens, Hooh. f. ; leaves linear-oblong trigonous, flowers in very short racemes. ? Adenoncos virens, Blume Bi]dr. 381 ; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 235. Pkrak, Scortechini. — Distrib. Java, Borneo. Stems 4-8 in., very stout, strongly incurved. Leaves 1-1 1^ by ^ in., very thick and fleshy, subacute. Racemes much shorter than the leaves, 3-6-fld. ; bracts dis- tichous, ovate, acute, very coriaceous and persistent ; flowers coriaceous, about ^ in. 78 cxLviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Microsaccus. diam. ; sepals lanceolate, greenish j petals shorter and narrower ; lip orbicular, apicu- late, thick, greenish, base constricted into 2 obscure side lobes j pollinia 4, globose, gland rather large. — Described chiefly from a drawing and description by Scortechini. The Java and Bornean specimens are not in flower, but otherwise agrees with the Indian. 70. DZPXiOCENTRUIH, Lindl. Epiphytes ; steins short leafy, pseudobulbs 0. Leaves distichous, narrow, fleshy, subterete or complicate. Peduncle lateral, often branched ; flowers small, in long subspiciform racemes. Sepals free, connivent, sub- equal or the lateral larger. Petals like the dorsal sepal. Lip sessile, jointed on the base of the column, spreading, entire, shortly 2- spurred, disk fleshy. Column very short, 2-auricled, truncate; anther 2-celled ; pollinia 2, ovoid, sulcate or 2-partite, attached by a broad strap to a broad gland. — Species 2-3, Indian. 1. D. recurvum, Lindl. in Bot. Beg. under t. 1522; in Wall. Gat. 7331; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 218; leaves 4-6 in. linear, panicle long-pedun- cled, branches spreading. Wight Ic. t. 1680, and D. longifolium, Wight I. c. t. 1681. Cymbidium alofoiium, Serb. Seyne. NiLGHEBT and Teavancore, Wight, &c. Ceylon, iu the Central Province, Qtem 2-6 in., densely leafy. Leaves linear, keeled, \~\ in. broad, unequally obtusely 2-fid, recurved. Panicle with peduncle 5-8 in. ; flowers \ in. diam., densely crowded towards the ends of the spreading branches ; bracts minute, acute ; sepals and petals deep pink or brownish tinged with pink ; lip ovate-oblong, longer than the petals, entire, pinkish lilac or crimson spur much shorter than the blade of the lip, conical, incurved, obtuse ; column very stout, auricles incurved, rostellum inconspicuous ; anther truncate, cells basal, strap of pollinia narrowed from the broad base upwards. Capsule \ in., clavate. 2. D. congrestum, Wight Ic. t. 1682; leaves 2-3 in. broadly oblong, spike very stout stoutly peduncled simple or shortly branched at the base. Tbavanoobe; in the lyamallay Hills, Wight. Stem very short. Leaves \-% in. broad, deeply unequally 2-lobed, lobes obtuse. Peduncle with dense-fld. spike 4-6 in., rachis very stout ; bracts minute, acute ; flowers about .^ in. diam. ; colour, lip, spurs, column, anther and pollen m uch like D. recurvum. 70/2. »IirSTACZDIU»S) Undl. Epiphytes, pseudobulbs 0. Leaves few, distichous, linear, coriaceous. Flowers in axillary racemes, small. Sepals and petals subequal, free, spread- ing. Lip adnate to the base of the column, 3-lobed, spurred. Column very short, foot 0 ; anther hinged on to the top of the column ; pollinia 2, globose, attached by separate straps to the gland. — Species about 20, tropical African and one Cingalese. This genus should, I think, be reduced to Angraecum. BZ. zeylanicum, Trimen. Cat. Ceylon PI. 90. Angraecum zey- lanicum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 40 ; Thwaites Enum. 306. Ceylon ; near Galle, Champion. Stem 3-4 in. Leaves 6-10 by f-f in., flat, narrowed to the acuminate apex, rigid, many-nerved. Scapes many, shorter than the leaves, very slender, rigid, Mystacidium.'] cxlviii. orohide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 79 lax-fld. ; bracts minute, truncate, membranous ; pedicel with ovary |^ in. ; sepals as long, lanceolate, 5-nerved ; petals narrower, 3-nerved ; lip nearly as long as the sepals, broadly ovate, finely acuminate, cymbiform, quite entire ; spur as long as the sepals, suberect, slightly clavate ; anther firmly attached by a point to the column. Capsule f in., pedicelled, narrowly ellipsoid, ribs slender. — I have seen only indif- ferent specimens, from which the pollen was gone. Dr. Trimen informs me that it is found in several parts of Ceylon. 71. ACRXOPSXS, Beinwdt. Epiphytes; pseudobulbs clustered, i-3-leaved. Leaves flat, linear, not plaited. Scape from the base of the bulb, slender, simple or branched ; raceme lax-fld. ; bracts small acute. Sepals narrow, spathulately obovate, obtuse, dorsal arched, lateral connate placed under the lip. Lip adnate to the column above its middle, spreading, more or less 3-lobed, disk with 2 short erect lamellae on the mesial line. Column incurved with 2 styliform horizontal or decarved processes on each side of the stigma, and a cucul- latetop concealing the anther ; rostellum suberect, acute ; anther membra- nous, 2-celled ; pollinia 2 or 4 in 2 pairs, narrowly pyriform attached by a strap to a small gland. — Species 5 or 6, Indian and Malayan. In Herb. Calcutta is a fine drawing of what may be a new species from Moulmein, with a large quadrate clawed pubescent lip ; it may be intended for A. javanica. 1. A. javanica, Beinwdt. in Flora Literat. 1825, ii. 4 ; in Syllog. Batisb. 1828 ; side lobes of lip broad rounded or subtriangular, midlobe very small clawed oblong concave, claw lamellate. Blume Bijdr. 377; Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. OrcMd. 140 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 492. A. picta, Lindl. in Bat. Beg. xxix., Misc. 105. A. Griffithii, Beichb. f. in Bonpland. ii. 92 ; Walp. I. c. A. crispa, Griff. Notul. iii. 333; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 318. P Spathoglottis .? trivalvis, Wall. Gat. 3742 ; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. 120. Tenasseeim, Parish. Peeak, Scortechini, and SiNGAPOEE, WalUoh, &c. Malacca, Griffith, Mainffat/.—BiSTRiB. Java, Philippines. - Paeudohulbs f-l^ in., oblong or ovoid. Leaves 4-6 by J-|in., 2-dentate. Scape 6-18 in., simple or branched; pedicels i in., capillary; sepals \-\ in., white with purple tip and central broad or narrow band ; petals subsimilar ; lip white with a purple band and lamella, Capside \ in., broadly ellipsoid. — It is difficult to reconcile Griffith's figure with the above description of the lip, but his habitat being that of Maingay's plant (Orchard trees, Malacca) seems to identify it. 2. A. indica, Wight. Ic. t. 1748 {bad) ; lip oblong subpanduriform tip rounded, lamellas opposite the contraction. Walp. Ann. vi. 492. Tenasseeim, Griffith {in Serb. Lindl.), Parish. Penang-, Maivgay. A much smaller plant than A. javanicay with more densely tufted pseudobulbs, very narrow leaves, scapes shorter, more branched, and smaller flowers ; the sepals are 1 in. long and the very different lip is inserted higher up; just under the column. — Wight who had lost the locality of the species he ^figured probably received it from Griffith. In a drawing by Parish the flowers are yellow green faintly blotched with purple. Wight's figure of the lip is quite unlike that of the specimen he depicted, which is now in Herb. Kew. 3. A. Ridleyi, SooJc. f. ; lip with small oblong obtuse side lobes and a large orbicular or transversely oblong clawed smooth midlobe, lamellae on the claw. 80 cxLviii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hookei.) [Acriopsis. Singapore: ; at Bukit Mandi, Midleif. Fseudobulhs broadly ovoid, comprtssed. Leaves 3-4 in., linear, olive green. Scape simple (alway**?); raceme lax-fld.; flowers yellow, sparsely spotted with crimson ; lip white, lamellae crimson. 72. PODOCHZZ.VS, JBlume. Stems tuftetl, erect or diffuse. Leaves many, uniform, distichous, flat or equitant and laterally compressed. Peduncles terminal or leaf-opposed ; flowers minute, racemed or spicate ; bracts persistent. Lateral sepals adnate with the prolonged foot of the column and together at the base, forming a mentum. Petals broad or narrow. Lip clawed, jointed to the foot of the column, mobile (always ?) erect, with a basal appendage. Column very short ; rostellum terminal, triangular, erect, bifid or bipar- tite ; anther erect ; poUinia 4, each pair half enclosed in a calyptriform stipe fixed by a gland to the top of the rostellum. Capsule very small, ellipsoid. — Species 12 or more, Indian and Malayan. The flowers of all the species want careful examination on alivinj? state. There are great diff'^rences in the columnar structure and pollinia that cannot be satisfac- torily determined from dried specimens. These last are almost in all cases deficient in flowers, which are easily detached, and so minute as to escape the notice of collectors. * Leaves equitant. laterally compressed, not articulate with the sheath. Flowers secund, on inclined or decurved lax-fld. racemes. 1. P. cultratus, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7336; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 234 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 37 ; leaves ensiform subfalcate acute, lip cuneately oblong truncate 5-nerved, base saccate. Tropical Himalaya ; Nepal, Wallich ; Sikkim, J. D. H. Assam, Masters. Cachar, Clarke. Tenasserim ; the Attran River, Parish. Stern 3-7 in., with the leaves ^-f in. broad. Leaves ^-f in,, many nerved. Peduncle short, decurved ; bracts ovate-lanceolate ; flowers ^ in. long ; dorsal sepal broad, 5-nerved, lateral subacute ; petals broadly obovate, acute, 3-uerved ; mentum saccate; base of lip broad. Capsule i in. — The lip resembles that of an Appendicula ; 1 doubt its being articulate and mobile. 2. P. falcatus^ Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 234: leaves ensiform obtuse, lip narrowly clawed oblanceolate 3-nerved, base with a short notched appendage. Thwaites JEnum. 306. Ceylon ; Central Province, alt. 3-6000 ft., common. Habit of P. cultratvs, but stems longer, 6-12 in. Rostellvm with an involute top, round which the capillary tails of the pollinia are curved, gland minute. In var. angustata, Thw. (C.P. 3889), the leaves are so closely appressed to one another, that not even the points are free, and the breadth of the stem across the leaves is only ^ in. 3. P- malabaricus, Wight Ic. t. 1748, fig. 2 ; leaves obtuse, spike many-fld. much longer than the leaves, mentum very short, lip linear- lanceolate obtuse contracted in the middle. Walp. Ann. vi. 893. Malabar, Jerdon ; Wynaad jungles, Drew. Travancobe, Johnson. Stem 3-5 in., fleshy, | in. across the leaves. L'-aves ^ in , straight. Spike 1-1^ in., inclined or horizontal, few-fld. ; bracts broiidly ovate ; flowers white tipped with pink ; petals lancf olate ; lip constricted in the middle. — I have seen no flowers. Wighi's expression of lip contracted in the middle probably implied that the basal appendage is as large as the blade. Probably not diflerent from P./alcatus. Podochilus.'] cxLViii. orchidej). (J. D. Hooker.) 81 4. P. sazatilis, Lindl. Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 235 ; leaves short recurved obtuse, lip oblanceolate obtuse 3-nerved. Thwaites JEnum. 307. Ceylon ; Hantani and xVmbagamowa districts, Macrae, Tluvaites. Stems 2-3 in., fleshy. Leaves \-^ in. Peduncle terminal, ^ in., drooping, few-fld. J bracts ovate, smaller than the yellow flowers ; lip red in the middle ; lateral sepals obtuse ; petal obovate-oblong, obtuse ; mentum short. — Description of flowers from a drawing by Lindley. ** Leaves flat, not equitant or laterally compressed. t Leaves broad. Scapes lateral. 5. P. unciferus, HooJc. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves f-li by ^-| in. oblong, tip rounded, peduncles many very slender flowering at the tips, lip spathulate, basal appendage long slender uncinately recurved. Perak, Scortechini. — DiSTKiB. Borneo, Philippines. Stem erect, 18-24 in. Leaves ^-amplexicaul, shining, tip minutely mucronately toothed. PedMHcle longer than the leaves, erecto-patent, flexuous, with scattered acicular sheaths; raceme terminal, capillary, 1-2-fld. ; bracts orbicular; flowers ^ in. long ; dorsal sepal broad, 3-nerved, lateral acuir»inate ; mentum cylindric ; petals broad, acute, 3-nerved ; claw of lip slender, jointed on the shortly free foot of the column ; ba«al appendage grooved, truncate ; column unarmed. "}"f Leaves very small, linear acicular or lanceolate. Scape terminal or nearly so. 6. P. microphyllus, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7335 A; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 234 in part ; stems filiform diffuse, leaves ^-i in. elliptic-lanceo- late awned, spike as- long as the leaves capillary flexuous 3-4-fld., bracts most minute, lip ovate oblong or lanceolate 3-nerved, basal appendage quadrate. Tenasseeim; at Mergui, Parish. Malay Peninsula, common.— Disteib. Borneo, Cambodia. Stems 6-8 in., flexuous, rarely branched. Leaves articulate on the sheaths, 7-9-nerved. Floivers -^^ in. long, white and purplish ; mentum very variable, saccate, sometimes constricted at the top and 2-lobed at the base; dorsal sepal ovate, 1 -nerved, lateral subacute; petals oblong, obtuse, 1-nerved; lip variable, obtuse or subacute ; basal appendage erect, ^-^ the length of the blade, concave or margins convolute; rostellum narrow ; anther lanceolate, acute. Capsule ^ in., ellipsoid. — Scortechini mss. describes hyaline wings of the column, which I have not detected. Blume's P. similis of Borneo is very near this. 7. P- khasianus, Hook.f. Lc. Plant, ined.; stems suberect slender, leaves ^-| in. linear acute, spike very short few-fld., bracts as long as the flowers ovate-lanceolate, lip narrowly oblong emarginate 3-nerved, base cordate. P. microphyllus, Wall. Cat. 7335 B ; Lindl. Gen. (Sf Sp. Orchid. 234 in part; in Joum. Linn. Soc. iii. 37. SiLHET, Wallich. Khasia Hills ; at Amwee, J. D. S. ^ T. T. Stems 4-6 in., simple, suberect. Leaves articulate on the sheath, rigid, often twisted. Peduncle shorter than the leaves ; bracts rigid, strongly nerved ; flowers J3 in. long ; lateral sepals acute, nerve strong; mentum globose; petals obovate- oblong, obtuse, 1-nerved ; claw of lip inserted I think at the base of the column (not of its foot), I failed to discover the appendage; column very short, winged, divided (after flowering) to the base into two long erect arms concave posteriorly, much longer than the shortly calyptrate pollinia, the stipe of which is very short ; anther very short, 2-cuspidate. — This differs in every respect of foliage and habit from microphyllus, but especially in the structure of the column. VOL. VI. a 82 cxLviii. OROHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) \_PodocMlus. 8. P. lucescens, Blume Bijdr. 295, t. 12 ; Rumphia iv. 43 {in Ohs.) ; stem slender erect, leaves ^-| in. elliptic- or linear-oblong obtuse or apicu- late, spikes elongate many- fid., bracts spreading and incurved, lip obovate or oblong obtuse, base sagittate. Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp.. Orchid. 234; Reiclih.f. in Bonpland. v. (1857) 41 ; Ot. Bot. Hamh. 45 ; in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 145. TenasseriMj at Mergui, Melfer, Parish. — Distrib. Sumatra, Java, Borneo. Stems 4-8 in., rigid. Leaves black when dry, opaque, many-nerved. S-piTce i-\ in., flexuous, flowering to the base; bracts -^ in., strongly nerved; flowers -j^ in. diam. 9. P. acicularis, HooJc. f. Lc. Plant, ined. ; stems densely tufted filiform, leaves ^-^ in. acicular, spike very short 3-4- fld., lip broadly oblong or obovate 3-nerved, base cordate with an incurved horn on each side. Penang, Maingay (Kew Distrib. 1653/2). Perak, Scortechini, &c. Stems 6-8 in., flexuous, diffuse. Leaves suberect, finely acuminate. Floioers j-\ in. long, white ; bracts very minute ; sepals obtuse or acute ; petals linear, obtuse, 1-nerved ; mentum short, rounded, sometimes globose and 2-lobed ; columnar arms ensiform, obliquely truncate, tips at first cohering with the bidentate tip of the rostellum, and carrying away the poHinia; anther ovate-cordate, at length 2-fid; each pair of pollinia half enclosed in a calyptriform caudicle which is attached by a slender stipe to a linear gland. — Very near a Bornean species, with a cuneate 5-nerved lip truncate at the base, and shorter columnar wings. 73. APPSNDZCUZiA, Blume. Stems tufted, leafy, often compressed. Leaves numerous, distichous, uniform, vertical, jointed on their sheaths. Peduncles terminal and leaf- opposed ; flowers minute, racemed spicate or capitate ; bracts persistent. Sepals connivent, lateral connate at the base and adnate to the produced foot. of the column, forming a mentum. Petals various. Lip erect, in- serted on the foot of the column or with its sides adnate to it. Column very short, rostellum erect 2-fid. ; anther dorsal, erect ; pollinia 8, 4 often imperfect, clavate, attached in fours to the tip of the rostellum by a point or gland. Capsule very small. — Species 20 or more, Tropical Asiatic, Australian, and Polynesian. * Lip adnate below by a broad saccate claw to the sides and face of the foot of the column. f Limb of lip with a large callus on the dish 1. M. bifaria, Lindl. in Hooh. Kew Journ. vii. (1855), 35; leaves 1-1^ by ^ in. oblong obtusely 2-toothed, racemes chiefly terminal very short, mentum saccate rounded, lip ovate-oblong base calceolar, sides of column produced into ensiform processes as long as the rostellum. Benth. FL LlongJc. 358 ; Walp. Hep. vi. 893. A. reduplicata, Reichb.f. in Ot. Bot. Hamb. 45. Cachae, Keenan. Tenasserim, Eelfer. Singapore, Ridley. — Distrib. China, Borneo ? Stem 10-24 in., simple. Leaves often apiculate between the obtuse apical teeth. JSacewe* terminal, rarely lateral or leaf-opposed, 6-8-fld. ; bracts reflexed, oblong; flowers about i in. long; sepals obtuse; petals obovate-oblong, 3-nerved ; lip cal- ceolar at the base, that is having a horse-shoe membrane within the border, slightly constricted beyond the middle, callus on its disk globose or oblong, entire ; Appendicula.'] cxlviii. orchideje. (J. D. Hooker.) 83 arms of column obliquely truncate or 2-lobed. Capsule \ in. long, turgidly ellip- soid.— Lindley in describing the Chinese plant assumed it to be the Dendrobium hifarium of Wall. Cat. 2002, which consists of two very distinct Penang plants, a Dendrobium (D. bifarium, Lindl., see v. V. p. 732) and an Appendicula in fruit only, very like indeed the Chinese plant, but differing in the numerous lateral racemes. Specimens from Perak in flower exactly accord in foliage with Wallich's Penang in having many racemes, but differ in having a more 3-lobed lip, a broader margin to the base of the lip, and a 2-lobed callus. Assuming that the Perak and Wallich's Penang plant are the same, they may be either a different species from bifaria, or a vai'iety. For the present it is safer to assume the latter and to call it : — Var. ? Wallichiana ; racemes numerous lateral, lip with a broad rounded base surrounding the calceolar membrane, callus of disk 2-lobed in front. Dendrobium bifarium, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 2002, in part. — Penang, Wallich. Perak, Scortechini. ft Lip without a median callus on the disk. 2. A. callo^a, Blume Bijdr. 303 ; leaves |— 1 by ^ in. oblong strongly 2-fid., sheaths 2-cuspidate, flowers in terminal bracteate heads, lip very shortly ovate with a large transverse basal appendage. Lindl. Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 230 ; Griff, in Gale. Journ. Nat. Hist. v. 362, t. 62 ; Saunders Refug. Bot. t. 45 ; Reichh.f, Otia Bot. LLamh. 45. A. stipulata, Griff. Notul. iii. 358 ; Lc. Plant. Asiat. t. 335, f. 2. Tenasserim, Griffith, Parish. Penang, Walker, &c. Perak, Scortechini, &c. — DiSTRiB. Java, Borneo. Stem 6-18 in., simple. Leaves close together, coriaceous, base truncate, tip not contracted. Heads of fiowers sessile ; bracts lanceolate, scarious, obtuse, many- nerved ; flowers I in. long, erect, cream-cold. ; mentum saccate ; petals linear, obtuse j claw of lip as long as the foot of the column and adnate to it throughout its length ; limb broadly ovate, narrower than the appendage, which has divergent lobes and is tubercled in the sinus ; column with short truncate wings. — The leaves are often curiously pitted. 3. A. Ziewisii, Griff, in Gale. Journ. Nat. Mist. iv. 378, t. 19; Notul. iii. 360 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 337 ; leaves 1-3 by ^— f in. linear- or oblong-lanceolate 2-dentate, racemes very short leaf-opposed, mentum subglobose, lip ovate many-nerved, base calceolar. Walp. Ann. vi. 893. A. cyathifera, Reichh. f. mss. Metachilum cyathiferum, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 2022 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 74. Dendrobium vaginatum, Wall. mss. Penang, Maingay (Kew Listrib. 1616). Curtis. Perak, Scortechini, Wray. Singapore, Wallich. Stem 6-18 in., unbranched, flattened, \ in. broad. Leaves rather distant and membranous ; sheaths 1 in. long. Racemes axillary and terminal, 1-1^ in., many- fld. ; bracts small, ovate-lanceolate, reflexed ; flowers about ^ in. long, yellow-green ; sepals acute; petals elliptic, 1-nerved; claw of lip adnate throughout its length to the foot of the column ; column without arms. Capsule \ in., subcylindric. ** Lip attached by a short free claw to the apex only of the foot of the column. 4. A. cordataf LLooh. f. Lc. Plant, ined. ; leaves 1 by ^ in. oblong obtusely bidentate, spikes very short incurved few-fld., mentum obscure, foot of column very short, lip ovate-cordate 3-nerved with a semilunar ridge towards the base. Perak, Scortechini, Stem (of the only specimen) 7 in., unbranched. Leaves rather membranous, G 2 84 jOxlviii. orchidej:. (J. D. Hooker.; [^Appendicula. apiculate between the teeth, sheaths ^-i in. Spikes \ in., 3-4-fld. ; bracts sheathing the rachis, erect during flowering, then reflexed, strongly nerved ; flowers about y\j in. long, dotted ; sepals ovate, obtuse, 1-nerved, base of lateral gibbous ; petals large, obovate, 1-nerved ; column unarmed ; I'ostellum very large, ovate. — The curious incurved spikes and spreading nearly symmetrical lateral sepals, and short foot of the column, are all unlike other species of the genus. The solitary' specimen may not represent the plant fairly. 5. A' SLoenig-ii? Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves | by i in. oblong- lanceolate obtuse and minutely obtusely 2-fid., racemes minute leaf- opposed 2-3 fld., flowers most' minute, mentum globose, lip ovate or oblong 5-nerved base calceolar. Epidendrum hexandrum, KoBnig in Retz Obs. vi. 45. India, Serh. Bottler (1779). '^ Stem densely tufted, 4-6 in., very slender. Leaves close set, membranous, base rounded; sheaths i in. Racemes \-^ in., decurved; rachis slender, flexuous; bracts lanceolate, reflexed after flowering ; flowers -^ in. long ; sepals ovate, acute, and elliptic petals 1-nerved ; lip saccate at the base ; column unarmed. — Of this very distinct species I have seen only one specimen in Rottler's Herbarium, now at Kew. In its slender tufted habit (upwards of twenty stems on a tuft) and minute racemes and flowers it is like no other ; no locality is attached, to the specimen or to Kcenig's description, and as Rottler received (through Heyue) plants of both Indian Penin- sulas, none can be assumed. 6. A> torta? Blume JBijdr. 303 ; leaves \hj ^ in. oblong tip rounded emarginate, bracts of terminal sessile spike as long as the leaves densely equitantly imbricate acute falcately recurved complicate and enclosing the solitary flowers, mentum cylindric, lip narrowly panduriform twisted, margins incurved waved, narrow base calceolar suddenly dilated into a broad transversely oblong retuse serrulate concave terminal lobe. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 230; Beichh.f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 117, t. 138. Perak, Scortechini. — Distrib. Java, Borneo. Stem 6-18 in., simple or branched, compressed, ^ in. broad. Leaves close-set, shining, thin, base rounded ; sheaths i-i in. Bracts of spike membranous, forming a terminal flattened coloured crest as broad as the rest of the branch, and coterminous with it; flowers i in. long, quite sessile; lateral sepals erect, aristately acuminate, midrib very stout ; petals oblong-lanceolate, strongly 3-nerved ; column unarmed, rostellum slender, deeply 2-fid. — Blume's description is very meagre, but I cannot doubt belongs to this plant, of which there is an unnamed specimen in Herb. Kew, collected in Borneo by Lohh. s 7. A- xytrio-phorsiy Seichb.f. in Seem. Fl. Viti 299 ; leaves f-1^ by ^-^ in. oblong- or elliptic-lanceolate obtuse apiculate, raceme elongate terminal slender laxly many-fld., mentum broad incurved, lip obovate sub- truncate 5-nerved base narrowed calceolar. Perak, Scortechini. — Distrib. Philippine Islands. Stem 12-18 in., simple, compressed. Leaves rather close-set, membranous ; base ^-amplexicaul. Racemes 2-5 in., suberect ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, membranous, obtuse, 5-nerved; flowers A in. long; sepals greenish tips purple; petals elliptic, obtuse, 3-nerved ; lip concave, yellow and purple j column unarmed ; anther short. Capsule i in. , slender. 8. A- lancifolia^ Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; tall, leaves 3-4 by |-| in. lanceolate obtuse 2-dentate, racemes elongate simple or branched stout many- and dense-fld., mentum cylindric, lip obovate-oblong 3-lobed, side lobes small rounded, midlobe broadly ovate acute, base narrowly calceolar. AppendiculaJ] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 85 Pebak ; on Gunong Batu Pateh, alt. 3-4000 ft., on rocks, King^s Collector. Stem 12-24 in., stout, terete. Leaves rather thin, base semi-amplexicaul ; sheaths ^ in. Racemes 3-6 in., terminal and leaf-opposed, sessile or peduneled, erect; rachis stout ; bracts i in., oblong, obtuse, coriaceous, recurved, strongly nerved ; flowers i in. long, bright yellow with a red centre; lateral sepals recurved, acute; petals obovate-oblong, 3-nerved; column unarmed; anther as broad as long. Capsule ^in., fusiform, strongly ribbed, claret-coloured. — Very like A. cristata, Blume, of Java, but the limb of the lip is not " rounded emarginate and crested on either side." 9. A. nCaing'ayi, Hooh.f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves 2-3 by |— | in. linear- lanceolate tip dilated apiculate, racemes terminal many and dease-fld., bracts spreading and incurved, mentum sub-cylindric or shorter, lip elliptic- or ovate-oblong 5-nerved, base calceolar, tip rounded. Perak, Scortechini. Penang, Maingay, (Keio Disirib. 16l7j. Stems 6-16 in., raflier slender or stout, unbranched. Leaves suberect, narrowed at the base, tip minutely 2-fid or rounded. Racemes 1-2 in., simple or branched at the base, suberect, flexubus ; bracts -^-^-^ in., deflexed, then incurved, coriaceous, subacute, 5-ribbed ; flowers y\y in. long ; lateral sepals broad, obtuse, nerve slender ; petals linear- or obovate-oblong, 3-nerved; lip concave; column unarmed, rostellum short, triangular; anther ovate, acuminate. Capsule ^ in., fusiform. — The Perak specimens are more slender than the Penang, the mentum is longer and more cylindric, the petals narrower, l-nerved. The species should be compared with A. graminifolia, Teysm. and Binnend. IMPERFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES. 10. A. echinocarpa. Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves ^-^ in. close set orbicular-oblong coriaceous margin thickened upper base reflexed, spike short terminal few-fld., bracts orbicular concave, capsule ellipsoid, valves densely clothed with soft bristles. Perak ; lower camp in Gunong Batu Pateh, alt. 3400 ft., Wray. Stem 4-6 in., slender but rigid j internode ^ in. Leaves semi-amplexicaul, pale, opaque, rather waved ; tip rounded, obscurely 2-fid. with incumbent teeth ; upper base usually reflexed, like an ear. Capsule t in. long, turgid. — A very remarkable species. A. LONGiFOLiA, Blume B'ljdr. 304; Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 230? Thtoaites Eiium. 806. Ceylon, Ambagamowa district, rare, Thwaites (C.P. 3208). Of the plant thus doubtfully referred by Thwaites to the Javan A. longifoUa, this author says that the flowers are inot in a sufficiently perfect state for analysis. Blume thus describes longifoUa^ " Stems simple compressed, leaves linear-lanceolate retuse, flowers densely capitate." Thwaites adds, "leaves 3-5 by ^ in., retuse, mucronate." Can the Ceylon plant be an Agrostophyllum or Fhreatia ? A. TERES, Oriff'. Notul. iii. 359 j Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 332, is Ceratostylis teres, R. f. see V. v. p. 825. A. SP., Qriff. Notul. 359 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. 335, fig. 1, analysis only, from Affghanistan, cannot (as Liudley in Hook. Kew Journ. vii. 36 observes) be an Appendicula. 74 THEZiASZS, Blume. Epiphytes, with either small 1-2-leaved pseudobulbs, or with short compressed stems clothed with equitant leaf sheaths. Leaves oblong or linear-oblong flat, or loriform and jointed on the sheath. Scape from the base of the pseudobulb, or lateral on the stem, with 1-3 small sheaths; flowers very minute, spicate, cellular. Sepals connivent, dorsal flat, lateral concave keeled or winged. Petals narrow, membranous. Lip sessile at the 86 cXLViii. ORCHiDBiB. (J. D. Hooker.) [Thelasis, base of the column, erect, ovate or oblong. Column very short, sessile, foot 0 ; rostellnm terminal, large, erect ; anther elongate, dorsal, erect, base 2-4 celled ; pollinia very minute, globose, attached by long threads to the tip of the rostellum, gland small. Capsule very small, turgidly ovoid. — Species about 10, tropical Asiatic and Pacific. I am not well satisfied as to the character of lateral sepals in this genus, as to their being winged or not ; the sepals are very soft, and their exact structure not very clear in specimens that have been dried, and again moistened. Sect. I. EuTHELASis. Pseudobulbs 1-2-leaved. * Lateral sepals distinctly strongly keeled or winged. 1- T- pyg'inaeaj Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 63; scape 1-2 in. longer than the solitary linear leaf, spike very short lax-fid., lip ovate acute contracted towards the tip. Par. ^ Reichh. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. XXX. 146 ; Walp. Ann. vi. 923 ; Euproboscis pygmaea Griff, in Calc. Journ. Nat. Hist. V. 371, t. 72 ; Wight Ic. t. 1732. Nepal {Cult. inSort.Bot. Calc. fid. Griffith.) Malabae, Jerdan. Tenasseeim, at Moulmein, Parish. Fseudohulhs ^-f in. diam. Scape very slender, curved ; spikes \-^ in. long ; bracts ovate, acuminate ; flowers -^ in. long ; dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate acute, lateral linear-obloner ; lip 3-nerved, with rounded sides from the middle to the base ; rostellum 2.fid. — The Malabar pilant seems the same as the Tenasserim, but is in a Peloria state, triandrous, with the petals and lip similar, ovate-lanceolate, 1-nerved ; ovary with imperfect ovules. Var. muUiflora; leaf larger 3-4 by \ in., scape stouter 4-5 in., spike li-2 in. — Sikkim Himalaya, alt. 1000 ft., Treutler. 2. T. t capitata^ Blume Bijdr. 386 ; scape 4-6 in, stout longer than the solitary linear leaf, spike cylindric dense-fld., rachis pitted, lip oblong-ovate obtuse. Peeak, Scortechini. — Distrib. Sumatra, Java. Pseudobulbs small, oblong, on a stout creeping rhizome. Leaf 3-4 in., obtuse or subacute. Spike 1 in. ; bracts very close set, ovate, acute, recurved ; flowers J^ in. long ; dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate, lateral oblong concave thickly keeled or shortly winged ; petals lanceolate, acuminate ; rostellum elongate, subulate, entire. — Differs from the Sumatran capitata in the long spike, acuminate petals and entire rostellum. It more resembles the raceme of P. triptera, E.f. of Manilla, which has an ovate lip narrowed to the apex. 3. T. elong-ata, Blume Orchid. Archip.Lnd. 23, t. *7,f. 2, and t. 5, fig. C ; scape 4-6 in. longer or shorter than the solitary linear leaf, spike cylindric dense-fld., lip ovate acute or acuminate. Singapore ; at Johore, &c., Ridley. Langkawi, Curtis. Pseudohulh very various in form. Leaves and spike as in T. capitata, from which it differs in the form of the lip. Blume's figure is a very bad one, and does not show the strong keels on the lateral sepals and angles of the ovary. — The species of this section are very difficult of discrimination in a dried state, and possibly capitata, elongata, triptera and others are all forms of one. ** Lateral sepals not strongly keeled or winged. 4. T. bifolia, Sook.f. Lc. Plant, ined. ; scape 8 in. much longer than the two opposite elliptic-lanceolate acuminate leaves, spike very lax-fld:, lip broadly elliptic obtuse. Thelasie,] oxlviii. oechidbj:. (J. D. Hooker.) 87 Khasia Mts., Zobb. Fseudohulb f in. diam. Leaves 3| by 1;^ in., spreading, base contracted. Spilce 2 in. ; bracts broadly ovate, obtuse ; flowers ^ in. long ; sepals broad, obtuse ; petals obovate-oblong, 1-nerved ; lip obscurely 5-nerved, broadest in the middle ; rostellmn very long, acuminate, entire. 5. T. khasiana^ SooTc. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; scape with spike 3-5 in. about equalling the solitary petioled linear leaf, spike elongate lax-fld., lip elliptic-ovate subacute. T. pygmasa, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 62 {in part). Khasia Mts., alt. 3-4000 ft., Lohh, /. D. H. 8r T. T. Fseudohulbs |-in., depressed-globose. Leaves 2-4 by i-| in. Scape and spike rather stout ; bracts ovate-lanceolate ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, obtuse ; petals lanceolate, obtuse ; lip 3-nerved, broadest rather nearer the base than tip ; rostellum large, acute. — Very like T. i^ygm&a, but a much larger plant, without keel or wing on the sepals. 6. T. long'ifolia; Hooh. f. Ic. Plant, ined.; scape stout with the spike 6-9 in. about equalling the solitary leaf, spike elongate lax-fld., lip elliptic-ovate acute. Khasia Mts. J. X>. S. Sf T. T. Differs from T. Masiana in being very much larger, and in the acute lip. Fseudohulb f-l^ in. diam., depressed-globose. Leaf sometimes falcate, |-li in. broad ; flowers ^ in. long. Sect. II. Oxyanthera, Brongn. CGren.). Pseudobulh 0; stem short, clothed with the equitant sheaths of the linear leaves which are jointed at the sheath. (Oxyanthera is a very natural group). 7. T. elata^ Hooh. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves 10-14 by 1-1^ in. tip rounded, scape equalling or exceeding the leaves, raceme long slender lax-fld. Peeak, on decayed wood. King's Collector. Rootstock as thick as the little finger. Leaves few, sheaths 2-2| by | in., com- plicate, coriaceous. Scape very slender, flexuous ; sheaths 3-4, ^ in. long, membranous, lanceolate ; bracts ovate, acuminate, spreading and reflexed ; flowers \ in,, narrow, shortly pedicelled ; sepals linear-oblong, acute, 1-nerved, venation dis- tinct ; petals lanceolate, acute ; lip erect, claw short broad, limb linear subacute, margins waved, base broadly 2.auricled, auricles revolute; rostellum 2-partite, seg- ments obtuse ; pollinia 8, shortly obovoid. — Near T. carinata, Bl. (of which I have seen no flowers), but the leaves are very much longer, the scape very slender, raceme longer, and bracts acuminate. 8. T. decurva. Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves 4-6 in., tip narrow or rounded and obtusely notched or subacute, scape very slender, raceme very short decurved, bracts reflexed, lip dagger-shaped from a concave cuneate base terete and fleshy beyond the middle with the crisped margins inflexed and close to the mesial line. Singapore ; at Krangi, Ridley. Penang, or Government Hill, Maingay. Leaves ^-f in. bi'oad. Scape shorter than the leaves, filiform, flexuous, sheaths 1-2 lanceolate ; raceme ^ in. ; pedicels i in., longer than the oblong bracts; flowers -| in. long, pale fawn colour; sepals ovate-lanceolate acute and narrowly oblong obtuse petals 1-nerved. — This much resembles the figure of 0. micrantha Brong., which is figured as having a stout broadly ovate obtuse lip narrowed into a broad short claw, base concave. The leaves of some specimens are narrow at the tip, others have 2 rounded lobes. 88 cxLviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hookei.) [Thelasis. DOUBTFUL SPECIES. T. carinata, Eeiehh. /. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 137 ; ? of Blume Bijdr. 385 & Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 253. In the absence of flowers it is impossible to say what species this may be ; it differs greatly from the figure of Blume's T. carinata (from Java) in its small size, slender scape, short decurved raceme, and bracts, in all which, as in foliage, it closely resembles T. decurva, and is nearer to the Moluccan 0. micrantha, Brong. {in Buperrey Voy. Bot. 198, t. 37 B.) than to T. carinata. Tribe III. NBOTTXEX:. (See vol. v., p. 668.) 75. G-AZiEOIiA, Lour. Leafless, rarely leafy, yellow or brown, climbing or erect herbs ; stem or branches terminating in loosely panicled often drooping racemes or panicles ; flowers rather large. Sepals subequal, concave, connivent or spreading. Petals as long, narrower or broader. Lip sessile at the base of and loosely embracing the column by its base, short, broad, concave ; lateral lobes short or 0; midlobe broad. Column short or long, incurved, top dilated membranous ; anther 2-celIed ; pollinia hippocrepiform, powdery or subwaxy. Capsule usually 2-4 valved, without septa ; seeds winged or not. — Species 8 or 9, Indian, Malayan and Australian. * Stem simple, erect. 1. G-. Iiindleyana, Beiclih.f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 78; tall, very robust, sepals broadly ovate- oblong strongly ribbed dorsally, anther recurved clothed with long papillaB. Cyrtosia Lindleyana, Hook. f. ^ Thorns, in III. Himal. Plant, t. 22. Erythorchis Lindleyana, Beichb.f. in Ponpland, v. 37. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 4-7000 ft., /. D. S., &c. PKhasia Hills, alt. 4000 ft., J. B.H.^T. T. Naga Hills, Prain. jRoo^5^ocA; elongate, very stout, 1-1^ in. diam., tortuous, dark pink; roots very stout simple fibres. Stem 2-S ft., glabrous, with short ^-amplexicaul obtuse sheaths below, brown purple. Panicle loosely branched, branches horizontal, and yellow flowers furfuraceously tomentose; bracts small; perianth subglobose, 1 in. diam.; petals broadly ovate, tip obtuse, crenatej lip nearly hemispheric, margins and short ex- panded rounded limb erosely fimbriate, glabrous without, almost bearded within. Capsule 5-6 by f in., fusiform, subacute, obtusely trigonous, red-brown, tardily dehiscing. 2. G. Falconer!; Hook. f. ; tall, very robust, sepals broadly ovate dorsally nearly smooth, anther glabrous. Pogochilus, Falc. in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. (1842), 73. Subtropical Himalaya; from Garwhal, Falconer, to Sikkim, Thomson, &c. Habit and stature of G. Lindleyana, but differing in the larger flowers and the cha- racters given above. The rootstock is sometimes as thick as the wrist. Possibly only a form of Lindleyana, but recognized as distinct by all collectors in Sikkim. I did not find it myself. 3. G". javanica^ Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 590; dwarf, stem very stout glabrous below furfuraceous above, sepals oblong membranous, anther subhemispheric. Cyrtosia javanica, Blume Bijdr. 396, t. 6 ; Rumph. i. 199, t.' 69 ; Lindl. Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 438 ; Beichb. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 76, t. 120. Assam, Masters (Ic. in Hart. Calcutt.). — Disteib. Java. Galeola.] cxlviii. OROHiDBiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 89 Stem a span high from branching tubers. Flowers f in. diam. — The identification of the Assam drawing with Blume's figure and description is necessarily imperfect ; but as far as it goes there is no reason to suppose that these represent two species. 4. ? G-- pusilla^ SooJc. f. ; stem flexuous from a woody nodose root- stock, with several short tubular basal sheaths and two open ones higher up 8-fld., bracts lanceolate equalling the ovary, sepals broadly ovate-oblong subacute, petals as large obtuse, lip orbicular concave retuse with a very small obtuse apical lobe in the sinus, disk papillose with 3 central low ridges. Pegu ; on the Pookee ridges, Kurz {in Serh. Calcutt,). "Whole plant 5 in. high, white; rootstock tortuous, woody, as thick as a sparrow's quill, with woody roots as thick as the stock. Stem slender, basal sheaths \--\ in., truncate, funnel-shaped; bracts \ in. long, membranous ; flowers about f in. diara. ; sepals and petals 5-7-nerved ; lip with a brown lunate band, apical lobe recurved ; column long, semiterete ; anther erect, oblong, 2-celled ; pollinia hypocrepiform ? ; stigma below the clinandrium in front.- — I have seen but one specimen of this curious little plant, as to the genus of which I am doubtful. ** Stem branched, scandent. 5. G-* altissixnaf Reichh.f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 77 ; qilite glabrous, stem very slcx^der, spikes very many-flowered, sepals and petals linear-oblong, lip with a broad fleshy ridge and a 2-lobed woolly mass on the disk. Cyrtosia altissima, Bhime Bijdr. 396 ; Rumph. i. t. 70 ; Lindl. Gen. 6f Sp. Orchid. 26. Erythorchis altissima, Blume Rumph. i. 200; Lindl. I. c. 438, in part. Hsematorchis altissima, Blume I. c. iv. t. 200 B. Penang, Curtis. Peeak, Scortechini. — Distbib. Malay Islands. Root of fleshy thick fibres. Stem 50-320 ft., excessively branched, flexuous, fleshy and hard, reddish, branches slender, internodes swollen ; spikes 6-10 in., pendulous ; flowers ^ in. long; sepals obtuse, 5-nerved, and narrower 3-nerved petals with rounded tips ; lip cymbiform, tip rounded erosely waved, disk with a median broad fleshy puberulous disk reaching to the middle, beyond which is a 2-lobed woolly mass ; sides of lip thin, transversely barred with purple, with slender nerves and impressed hairs; column rather long ; anther mitriforui. Capsule ImesiV, 3-10 in. long, acuminate, valves membranous. 6. G". Kydra^ Reichh.f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 77 ; furfuraceously puberulous, lateral sepals obliquely ovate, dorsal oblong, petals elliptic, lip cymbiform erose papillose within and with a compressed erect grooved callus towards the base. G. altissima?, Reichh.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 135. Vanilla pterosperma, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7402. ? V. rubiginosa. Griff. Notul. iii. 247. Erythorchis altissima, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 438, in part {not of Blume). SiKKiM Himalaya; in the Rishap Valley, Kinff. Tenassekim ; atMoulmein, Parish. Pknang, Curtis. Perak, Singapore, and Malacca, Wallich, &e. — DiSTRiB. Java, Sumatra. A lofty climber; branches much stouter than in G. altissima; inflorescence loosely branched ; flowers much larger, f in. diam., sepals and petals broader, and lip without the flat ridge and tuft of wool. — Blume's specimens of G. altissima in Herb. Kew consists of fruit of that plant and flowering branches of this. 7. Gr. Cathcartii; Hook.f-, branches very robust, sepals and petals linear-oblong revolute, lip cymbiform acute, margins everted undulate and ciliate, disk naked. SiKKiM Himalaya (Ic. Caihcart). 90 cxLviii. oRCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) \_Galedla. Mr. Cathcart's drawing represents a portion of a stem as thick as the little finger, bearing a branched panicle a foot long, which, as well as the flowers, is dull yellow and furf uraceous ; the flowers are 1-1^ in. diam., the lip not nearly as concave as in G. Hydra, yellow with red veins. — A remarkable plant, very unlike its con- geners, but the drawing of the habit, column, anther, and pollen leave no doubt as to its genus. 76. VANIIiXiA, Swartz. Climbing, rooting, branched, leafy or leafless shrubs ; stems terete or angled. Leaves subsessile, coriaceous or fleshy. Peduncles short, axillary ; flowers large. Sepals and petals subequal, spreading. Lip with the claw adnate to the column, which is embraced by its broad concave limb. Column elongate ; anther incumbent, cells separate ; pollen granular. Capsule long, fleshy, 1-celled, loculicidally 3-valved, without septa. — Species about 20, tropical. The Indian species of this genus are most scantily represented in Herbaria, and imperfectly by drawings or descriptions. * Stem leafless. 1. V- VTalkerisB, Wight Ic. t. 932 ; stem very stout, flowers 2 in. long, sepals oblanceolate, petals broader spathulately obovate acute margins undulate, epichile of lip ovate acute margins undulate, disk with two ridges below the middle. Thwaites Enum. 311. Teavancore and Trevandrum, Wight. Ceylon, Walker. Stem as thick as the thumb. Racemes 5-6 in., raany-fld. ; flowers white ; bracts ovate. 2. V. Wig-htiana, lAndl. in Wight Cat. 2091 ; flowers 1 in. long, sepals linear-oblong, petals lanceolate, epichile of lip ovate, its disk fringed with long hairs. Y. aphylla, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 436, in part {not of Blume). The Deccan Peninsula, Wight. The specimens are very imperfect, and the description of the flowers is taken from a rude sketch by Lindley. The flowers are not half the size of those of V. Walker 1(2. 3. V. Parishii, Reichh. f. OtiaBot. Ramh. 39; flowers 1-1^- in. long, sepals linear-oblong, tips dilated cuspidate, petals broadly oblanceolate acuminate, lip trumpet-shaped, epichile small ovate or rounded crisped with a thick belt of long hairs down the centre and a dense brush at the base, side lobes with long scattered hairs within. Tenasserim, Parish. This may prove the same as V. Wightiana, Lindl. It is very near the Javanese V. aphylla, Blume. ** Stem leafy. 4 V. "SflooniU Thwaites Enum. 312 ; leaves elliptic- or linear-oblong often falcate obtusely acuminate, lip with a broad crenulate undulate apex, a thick pencil oi: excessively fine hairs on the disk, and beyond it towards the apex some loose flexuous bristles. Leares 5-7 in., many-nerved, subsessile. Spikes 1-3 in., very stout, many-fld. ; bracts ovate, -} in., obtuse ; sepals about 1 in. long ; pencil of hairs on the disk terminating below in a stout stipe, hairs of equal length forming a truncate brush. Vanilla.'] cxlviii. orohide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 91 5. V. albida, Blume JBijdr. 422, t. 34; Humph, i. 197, t. 67 ; leaves ovate lanceolate elliptic or oblong cuspidate or acuminate, lip oblong sub- panduriform margins undulate and serrate, disk of hypochile with a large globose woolly ball, epichile retuse or 2-lobed strongly ecbinately caruncled. Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 435. Y. Griffithii, Reichb. f. in Bonpland. ii. (1854), 88. Vanilla, sp. Griff. Notul. iii. 207 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 281. Yanilla, Wall. Gat. 7401. Pknang, Wallich, Curtis. Perak, Sin&apore, and Malacca, Griffith, &c. — DisTKiB. Java. Climbing to 50 ft. Leaves very variable, 3-7 by 1^-4 in., sessile or shortly petioled. Spikes 2-3 in., very many- and dense-fld. ; bracts | in,, oblong; flowers waxy white ; sepals -| in. long, concave, obovate, obtuse, very thick ; petals as long, but thinner and many-nerved, with a thick dorsal grooved keel that abruptly ends below the apex; column rather long ; anther appressed.to the woolly ball of the lip. DOUBTFUL SPECIES. V. APHTLLA, Blume ?, ex Wight Ic. t. 931 ; leafless, stem angular, peduncle elongate as thick as a swan's quill, racemes 3-4 in. very stout many-fld., bracts ovate acute, pedicel with ovary 2 in., sepals as long oblanceolate-oblong acute, petals very much broader obovate acute margins crenulate, hypochile of lip with rounded angles and two rows of bristles on the disk, epichile ovate acuminate crisped naked. — Travancore, near Trevandrum, Wight. — From Wight's remarks under it I suspect this to be a most rude representation of Lindley's V. Wightiana ; if so, the flowers are greatly exaggerated, and the hairs of the epichile are transferred to the hypochile. 77. CORVBXBZS, Thouars. Tall, terrestrial, rigid, leafy herbs, roots fibrous. Leaves broad, plaited. Flowers in short axillary stiflf" sessile spreading panicles. Sepals andpetals very narrow, linear, at first cohering in a tube with spreading tips, per- sistent. Lip erect from the base of the column, linear, channelled, tip dilated and recurved. Column usually as long as the petals, erect, terete, tip clavate and 2-lobed or -auricled ; rostellum at length 2-fid. ; stigma erect, transverse, saccate; anther narrow, erect, acuminate, 2-celled; poUinia clavate, attached by a subulate caudicle to a peltate gland. Capsule linear or fusiform. — Species 6-7, tropical. I.e. veratrlfolia, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 125, t. 42 E, 43 f. 1 (Corymborchis) ; leaves elliptic-lanceolate caudate-acuminate, flowers 1-1|^ in. long, sepals and petals subsimilar narrowly oblanceolate, blade of lip lanceolate acuminate, ribs of capsule smooth. C. disticha, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 1 {in part). Macrostylis disticha, Breda Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. Javan. t. 2. Hysteria veratrifolia, Reinw. in Bot. Zeit. 1825, ii. 5 ; Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid, 439. Ehyncanthera paniculata, Blume Bijdr. t. 78. Corymborchis assamica, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 126, t. 43, f.-2 A. SiKKiM Himalaya; in tropical ravines, /. B. H. Assam, Griffith, .TenJcins. Chittagong, /. B. H. Sf T. T. Andamatj Islands, King's Collector. Malay Peninsula, Maingay, &c. Malabar ; the Nilghiri Hills and Courtallam, Wight. Ceylon ; Matturatte, Moon. — Distrib. Java, Sumatra, Borneo. Stem 4 ft. bigb, as thick as a swan's quill. Leaves 12-18 in., sessile on the sheaths, nerves very many: and strong. Panicles 4-6 in. long and broad ; bracts ^-\ in., ovate-lanceolate; flowers greenish white; column long. Capsule, in Ic. Blume, 2 in. long. — I am not sure that the plants from the above localities are all of one species. The Sikkim and Assam ones are in a young state only ; the Perak and 92 cxLviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Corymhis. Nilghiri in flower only. The ripe fruit of the Andaman species is 1 in. long. The Ceylon one has much shorter points to the leaves, but the fruit is as large as in Blame's tigure. Blume distinguishes C. assamica by the column being as long as the capsule J which they are in typical vcratrifolia. 2. C. longriflora, Hook. f. ; leaves elliptic-lanceolate acuminate, flowers l|-2 in. long, sepals very slender with very narrow blades, petals oblanceolate, blade of lip orbicular cuspidate. Perak, Scortechini, King's Collector. Malacca, Maingay (Kew Distrib. 1661). Stem 8-10 ft. high, as thick as the little finger; leaves much broader than in C, veratrifolia, and flowers twice as large, white. Column long. Fruit not seen. 3. C. rhytidocarpa, Hook. f. ; leaves lanceolate acuminate, flowers 1 in. long, sepals narrowly oblanceolate, petals oblanceolate crenate, blade of lip triangular-ovate acuminate, ribs of fruit strong wrinkled. Perak, Scortechini, King's CoUectorf Wray. Stem 4 ft. high and leaves as in G. veratrifolia, from which the broader petals, form of the lip, and deeply ridged fruit 1-1| in. long with wrinkled ribs distinguish it. Column long. 4. C. brevistylis, Hook. f. ; leaves 5-6 in. elliptic acuminate sub- petioled, column ^ in. long. Perak ; on limestone rocks, King^s Collector. Stem 1-2 ft., slender. Leaves 7-uerved, 2-3 in. broad. Panicles few-fld. Young fruit 1 in. long. — A very distinct species, probably the same as an undescribed Javan one. 78. TROPZDXA, Lindl. Terrestrial, glabrous, leafy herbs. Stem often branched, .roots rigid. Leaves sessile, membranous, subplicate ; petiole sheathing. Flowers small, in axillary and terminal sessile or peduncled spikes ; bracts coriaceous, often imbricate, strongly nerved. Sepals connivent, lateral more or less connate, dorsal free. ^Petals as long, or shorter, broad or narrow. Lip superior, sessile at the base of the column, cymbiform or produced into an obtuse spur, undivided, acute or with a reflexed tip, disk with short or long intramarginal ridges on lamellas ; column short or long ; rostellum long, erect, at length 2-lid ; stigma anticous ; anther erect, acute or acuminate, cells contiguous ; pollinia 2, clavate, 2-cleft, caudicle long or short, gland small. Capsule cylindric-oblong. — Species 6-8, Indian, Malayan, and Chinese. Sect. I. Cnemidia. Lip spurred. Spihe terminal, peduncled. 1. T- angrulosa? Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 122 ; leaves elliptic or ovate acuminate 9-11-nerved, spike many-fld., bracts slender spreading, lip oblong. T. Govindovii & semilibera, Blume I. c. Decaisnea angulosa, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7388. Cnemidia angulosa & semilibera, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 463. Covindovia nervosa, Wight Ic. t. 2090. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 1000 ft., Clarke, King. Silhet, Wallich. Tenassebim, Parish. Upper Burma, Griffith. Malabar and Travancore, Wight, &c. Stem 8-12 in. Leaves 3-5 by 2-3 in., base rounded or cordate. Peduncle short; spike 1-2 in.; bracts ^ -| in., as long as the flowers; sepals 3-5-nerved, lateral lanceolate, acuminate, connate nearly to the apex, dorsal linear-lanceolate, acute J petals rather narrower, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, 3-5-nerved, midnerve very Tropidia.'] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 93 stout ; lip nearly as long as the petals, obtuse, lateral nerves narrowly lamellate below the middle ; column with a long slender rostellum ; anther narrowly lanceo- late; pollinia clavate, grains lamelliform, caudiele long slender, gland minute. — I have examined Lindley's specimen of T. seinilibera, and find that he was in error in supposing that the lateral sepals are free to below the middle; it does not differ from T. angulosa. Sect. II. Tropidia PRorEB,. Lip cymbiform, not spurred. * Flowers in short sessile axillary or axillary and terminal spikes. 2. T. curculigroides? Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7386 A; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 4i97 ; bracts ovate acuminate, lip with a reflexed tip a thickened midrierve and intramarginal ridges from beyond the middle to the base of the reflexed tip. T. assamica, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 124, t. 41, f. 2. SiKKiM Himalaya, King. Silhet, Assam, and Burma, WalUcTi, &c- PPebak, Wray. Stem 1-2 ft. Leaves 6-10 by 1-1^ in., elliptic- or linear -lanceolate, caudate- acuminate, 5-nerved. Spikes ^-f in., erect or decurved ; bracts imbricate, ^ in., ovate-lanceolate, upper narrower ; sepals ^ in. long, strongly 5-nerved, dorsal linear-lanceolate, lateral strongly recurved, lanceolate from an ovate base, taper- pointed ; petals rather shorter, obliquely ovate-oblong, obtuse, 5-nerved; lip much shorter than the sepals. Capsule f in. long. — Bentham in Flora of Hong Kong has referred Schauer's Ftychochilus septemnervis of China to this, but according to Schauer's figure it differs in the much smaller flowers with ovate acute sepals, and a lip without the reflexed tip. Wallich's 7386 B from Burma is a different species, but in too imperfect a state for analysis. 3. T- grraxninea? Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 124, t. 41 ; leaves lanceolate strongly 3-5-nerved, spikes very Small and few-fld., lip obtuse with short intramarginal lamellae towards the middle, tip shortly recurved. Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 747. Malay Peninsula; on Mount Ophir, Griffith, Lohh. — Distbib. Java. Stem 18 in., slender. Leaves 6-8 by 1-1^ in., acummate as in- C. cireuligoides. Spikes \\w.\on^y 1-2-fld.; bracts ^ in., about equalling the ovary; flowers \ in. long, strongly recurved ; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved ; petals falcately gibbously lanceolate, 1-2-nerved ; lip ovate, subacute, margins undulate towards the apex tip recurved. — Described from a single specimen. Blume's figure represents the leaves shorter and broader, and the spikes as with rather more flowers and terminal only. ** Flowers in peduncled spikes. 4. T^ BZaingrayi; Hook. f. ; spikes terminal and axillary, bracts subulate, lip with a median and intramarginal lamellae extending from the base nearly to the acute tip. ' Malay Peninsula ; on Mount Ophir, Maingay. Stem 12-18 in. Leaves 4-6 by |-1 in., elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, 5.nerved. Peduncle 1^-2 in., flexuous, sheathed; spike short; bracts very variable, lower 1| in., upper smaller; flowers i in. long; sepals oblong-ovate, subacute, lateral 5-nerved, dorsal narrow; petals obliquely oblong, 3-4-nerved ; lip with no reflexed tip. — Very like T. pedunculala, Blume, of Sumatra, but the flowers are not fur- furaceous, the sepals are 5-nerved, and the intramarginal lamellae of the lip are continuous. 5. T' Thwaitesiij Sook. /. ; spike terminal subcapitate, bracts 94 cxLViii. oRCHiDEJi. (J. D. Hooker.) [Tropidia. subulate, lip ovate intramarginai lamellae continuous to the base of the reflexed apex. Cnemidia circuligoides, Thwaites Enum. 315 {not of Lindl.). Ceylon ; in hot dry places, Macrae, Thwaites. Stem 6-12 in., sicuder. Leaves 3-0 by i— | hi., narrowly linear-lanccohito, acuminate, 3-5-nerved, Peduncle 1 in., naked; spike ^ in.; bracts rather longer than the smooth ovaries ; flowers ^-\ in. long ; sepals with very thick midnerves, dorsal oblong S-nerved, lateral ovate-lanceolate acuminate 5-nerved ; petals oblong, obtuse, 3-nerved ; lip rather thick. IMPERFECiLY KNOWN SPECIES. Cnemidia. bambus^folia, Thwaites Enum. 314 ; stem 2-3 ft., leaves iew 6-8 by li-2^ in. elliptic-lanceolate caudutc-aouininate 5-nerved, spike terminal sessile I in. long, bracks crowded lanceolate lower narrower \ in. long. Ceylon ; Sulfragan district, Thwaites. — Descript. from Thwaites, Tkopidia sp. {T. curculigoides, Kurz, from the Andaman Islands), a small slender species, with lanceolate subacute 3-nerved leaves 2-3 by |-f in. Teopidia sp. ; from Sikkim, alt, 1500 ft. (King in Herb. Calcutt.). — Resembles T. curculigoides, but is much larger, with 7-9-nerved leaves 7-11 in, long by 2-2^ broad, and small fruit ^ in. long. 79, PKVSUZIUS^ Eichard. Terrestrial, leafy herbs ; stem below creeping ; roots fibrous. Leaves petioled, membranous, ovate or lanceolate. Flowers small, spicate. Sepals free, dorsal smaller forming a hood with the petals. Lip erect from the base of the column, spreading or recurved ; spur exserted beyond the bases of the sepals. Colmnn very short, not appendaged in front, rostellum 2-fid ; stigma anticous, prominent ; anther erect, 2-celled ; polUnia 2, clavate. — Species about 20, Asiatic and American. 1. P. Blumei, Undl. in Wall. Cat. 7397; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 504; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i, 181 ; bracts equalling the ovary, lip short, terminal lobe transversely oblong entire, spur much shorter than the ovary 2-lobed, Thwaites JEnwm. 814, P. humilis, Blume Orchid. Archip. t, 27, f, 2, SiLHET, Wallich. Ceylon ; in the Central Province, Macrae, &c. — Disteib. Java. Stem 1-2 ft., slender, glabrous bolow. Leaves scattered, 2i-3 in., petioled, obliquely ovate or subcordate, acute, 3-nerved. Scape pubescent ; sheaths distant, finely acuminate; spike 2-5 in., villous; sepals ^ in. long, brownish-red, obtuse, 1-nerved ; petals spathulate, 1-nerved ; lip white, contracted at the base of the ter- minal lobe, spur subcylindric or inflated, nerves strong hooked. 2. P- hirsutus, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 180 ; tall, stout, villously hirsute, leaves ovate acuminate 7-nerved subglaucous beneath, base acute. Goodyera hirsuta. Griff. Notul. iii. 393 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t, 347. Assam ; on the Burmese frontier, Griffith. Stem as thick as a goose quill. Leaves 4-5 in,, oblique. Sepals, petals, and lip brownish, blade of the latter white. — A very imperfectly known plant, of which there are no specimens in Griffiths' Herbarium at Kew. 80. ANSZCTOCKZIiUS, Mume. Terrestrial herbs ; stem below creeping. Leaves petioled, ovate or lanceolate. Flowers in glandular-pubescent spikes. Sepals free, dorsal Ancectochilus,'} cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 95 smaller and forming a hood with the narrow acuminate petals, lateral spreading. Lip adnate to the base of the column, contracted into an entire toothed or pectinate claw beyond the saccate spurred base, and having two rarely four terminal wing-like lobes ; spur exserted beyond the bases of the sepals, and with 2 calli within. Column short, appendaged in front, stigmatic lobes lateral ; anther 2-celled ; pollinia narrowed into short or long caudicles. — Species 8, Indian and Malayan. * Clem) of Up deeply fimbriate, 1. A. regralis, Blume Orchid. Arcliip. Ind. 46, t. 17 D ; spur as long as the sepals, terminal lobes of the lip short quadrate much shorter than the claw. A. setaceus, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 2010 ; Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 499 ; Bot Mag. t. 6208 ; i^L des Serres, ii. t. 15. Satyrium repens. Linn, Sp. PI. 1339. Ceyloin ; ascending to 3000 ft. • Stem 6-10 in. Leaves 1-1^ in., ovate-cordate, acute, usually dark velvety green and netted with golden nerves. Scape stout or slender, sheaths 2 ; ^pike 3-5-fld,; bracts lanceolate; sepals \ in. long, ovate, subacute, green; petals broadly falcate, white ; fimbria} of white lip as long as the claw, spur inflated, tip subacute notched ; column with 2 vertical lamella} in front. — Without an examination of living plants it is impossible to say whether Bhime is correct in separating the Ceylon from the original Javanese A. setaceus. — Var. inornata, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5208 is a variety with whole coloured coppery -purple leaves. 2. A. Roxburgrhii, Undl in Wall. Gat. 7387 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid, 499 ; spur as long as the sepals, terminal lobes of lip cuneately obovate as long as the claw. Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 50, t. 12 B, f. 2. Chryso- baphus Eoxburghii, Wall. Tent. Fl. Nep. t. 27. TsoPiCAL Himalaya ; from Simla to Bhotan. Assam, Silhet, and Munni- PORE.— DiSTEiB. China. Very near A. regalis, and leaves similarly netted with golden nerves, and has a variety (var. /3. Lobbia7ia,'R\\xmQ I. c), with nearly whole-coloured leaves which have a rosy disk passing into yellowish-white. 3. A. elatior^ Lindl. in Joum. Linn. Soc. i. 178 ; very tall, spur of lip as long as the sepals, base of claw hastate, terminal lobes of lip oblong shorter than the claw fringes very long. NiLGHiEi Hills ; near Walla Ghaut, M'lvor. Jjeaves 1^ in. diam., orbicular-ovate, shortly petioled. Scape 12 in.; spike 3-4 fld., bracts \ in., broadly ovate-lanceolate; flowers much larger than in A. JRox- hurffhii ; lip f in. long, fimbriee longer; spur inflated, tip subacute emarginate; column larger, with a didymous large hatchet-shaped appendage in front; rostellum long ; anther large, lanceolate, acuminate. — The column differs a good deal from that of regalis and Roxhurgliii. Only one specimen seen. 4. A. Reinwardtii, .BZwme Orchid. Archip. Ind. 48, t. 12, f. 2 ; spur of lip nearly as long as the sepals, terminal lobes of lip falcately oblong, base of claw cordate, fringes very long. Penang-; on Government Hill, Curtis. Peeak, Scortecldni ; on Maxwell's Hill, Wray. — D(steib. Sumatra. Leaves 1^-2 in., orbicular- or elliptic-ovate, netted with golden nerves or not. Scape 4-6 in., often very stout; flowers as in A. elatior ; column with a long process descending into the spur. 6. A. brevilabris, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid, 499 ; spur of lip saccate 96 cxLViii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hookei'.) [Ancectochilus, nmch shorter than the sepals, terminal lobes obtusely hatchet-shaped, claw of lip very short, fringes few. A. albolineatus, Par, Sf Reichb. /. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 141. Dossinia marmorata, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 185 {not of Morren). SiKKiM Himalaya (7c. Cathcart Sf J. B. H.). Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., Mack, &c. Tenasserim, Parish. Leaves ovate, green with a white mesial band and golden nerves, red beneath. Spilce asm A. Reinivardtii; sepals and petals green tinged with pink; lip white j column very large with a forcipate appendage projecting from the base. ** Claw of lip entire or nearly so. 6. A. Griffithii, SooJc. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; claw of lip entire or with a membranous toothed margin and a trapeziform base, terminal lobes hatchet-shaped lobulate or toothed. Eastern Himalaya, Griffith. Naga Hills, in Upper Assam, Frain. Leaves l^-lf in., orbicular-ovate, apiculate. Scape 4-6 in. ; spike 10-20-fld. ; lobes of lip equalling or longer than the claw ; column short with a broad folded appendage in front and a flap over the mouth of the very short saccate 2-ftd spur ; anther short. — -The margin of the claw of the lip is broader and more toothed in the only Naga specimen I have seen. 7. A. tetrapterus, Sook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; claw of lip quite entire, terminal lobes each 2-partite. MuNNiPORE ; at Eerung, alt. 2000 ft., Clarhe. Leaves 2 in., shortly petioled, ovate, caudate-acuminate. Scape 2 in., and fcw-fld. spike tomentose; sheaths and bracts large; claw of lip arched, narrow; lobules cuneate-obovate, terminal pair smallest ; column with broad auricles in front that terminate in a 2 -fid membrane overhanging the mouth of the very short conical obtuse spur ; anther lanceolate, acuminate. 81. VRVDA6ZVNSA, Blume. Terrestrial, leafy herbs ; stem below creeping, roots fibrous. Leaves petioled, ovate, i^/oicer* small, spicate, suberect. Sepals subequal, free, dorsal smaller forming a hood with the petals. Lip included, sessile at the base of the column, membranous, concave, entire ; spur large, inflated, exserted beyond the base of the sepals, with 2 stipitate calli within. Column short, inappendiculate ; stigmatic lobes lateral ; rostellum short ; anther short, cells distant ; pollinia 2, sessile on a large gland. — Species 8-10, Indian, Malayan and Pacific. This genus is described as having two stipitate calli descending from the base of the column into the sac or spur of the lip ; the stipites appear to me to be always more or less adnate to the walls of the sac, and represent two vascular bundles or nerves. — The name is variously spelled. All the species want revision and description from living plants. 1. V. virldiflora, Sooh. f. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate acuminate, lip orbicular-oblong tip truncate, disk with a high median ridge from the base to the middle, spur inflated. ? Physurus viridiflorus, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 180 {eoccl. Syn. Neottia viridiflora, Bl., which is a Goodyera). Lower Bengal ; Luckempore, on the Megua, Clarke.' — Distrib. ? Java. A span high. Leaves 1^-2 in., ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, membranous, shortly petioled. Scape 1-1| in. ; spike few-fld., rachis pubescent ; bracts * in. and Vrydagzynea.l cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 97 sheaths membranous ; flowers i in. long, pale yellow and pink; blade of lip as long as the oblong inflated spur, margins incurved. — Only one specimen seen. 2. V« albida, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 75, t. 19, f. 2, 3 ; bracts oblong subacute, lip oblong retuse with a short obtuse tooth, disk with a low hispidalous ridge from the base to beyond the middle. Etseria albida, Blume Bijdr. 410; Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 491. Peeak ; in the Padang Valley, Wray. — Disteib. Java. Whole plant 8-10 in. high, glabrous. Leaves 1^-2 in. long, ovate or elliptic, subacute. Scape slender, 1-3 in. ; sheaths broadly acuminate, membranous ; spike very many-fld, ; bi-acts \ in. long, exceeding the pale green flowers ; sepals ^ in. long, obtuse ; blade of lip as long as the inflated spur. Capsule \ in. long. — The specimen as in fruit, but the withered flowers are well preserved. A drawing appa- rently of this by Scortechini represents the leaves as more lanceolate with waved margins. 3. V. gracilis, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 72, t. 17, and t. 20, f. 1 ; bracts lanceolate acuminate, lip oblong, tip rounded apiculate, disk with a slender ridge from base to apex. Peeak ; at Horum, Scortechini. — DiSTEiB. Sumatra. Whole plant 3-8 in. high, simple or branched, glabrous. Leaves |-1 in., petioled, ovate or ovate-cordate, subacute. Scape very short; spike few-fld., papillose ; sepals A in. long, acute, agglutinate to the narrow petals; spur obtuse, nearly as long as the blade of the lip; anther with a membranous tip. 82. CVSTORCKZS, Blume. Characters of Vrydagzynea, but lip clawed as in Zeuxine, and with a large exposed didymous sac. — Species 3 or 4, Malayan. ^theriafusca, Lindl., referred here by Bentham, is a true Qoodyera, with the shallow sac of the lip partially exposed. It must be by oversight that its habit is described as altogether that of Cystorchis, from which it differs in its tufted roots, radical leaves, robust habit, and alpine habitat. Amongst Scortechini's drawings of Perak Orchids there are several probably referable to Cystorchis, but unaccompanied with specimens. 1. C« javanica, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 87, t. 24, f. 1 ; leaves dark green with crenate pinkish margins, lip with a long straight claw and dilated tip. Etaeria javanica, Blume Bijdr. 410 ; Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 491 {Mthtria). Perak, Scortechini. — Disteib. Java. Stem a span long, leafy above. Leaves f-li in., petioled, ovate, obtuse or subacute, margins entire or crenulate. Scape and short raceme puberulous ; sheaths lanceolate, acuminate ; bracts equalling the ovary ; flowers ^ in. long ; lateral sepals ovate- lanceolate, 1 -nerved, puberulous; petals linear-oblong, obtuse, 1-nerved ; sac of lip membranous, claw rigid grooved, the margins being inflexed ; rostellum ovate ; anther sessile, very convex, umbonate; gland of pollinia ovate, acute. — Specimen not good, but I think referable to Blume's plant, of which the leaves are described as undulate, dark purple above and pale flesh coloured beneath. 2. C. varieg-ata, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 89, t. 24, f. 3, and 36 C ; leaves pale green with dark transverse bands, scape slender, raceme puberulous, beak of lip with incurved sides and a small dilated tip. SiNGAPOEE, Ridley. — Disteib. Java. Leaves 2-2^ in., ovate-oblong or -lanceolate acute j petiole \ in. Scape with TOL. VI. H 98 cxLviii. ORCHiDE/E. (J. D. Hookei.) [CystorcMs. raceme 4-6 in., glandular-pubescent; flowers about i in. long; lateral sepals very gibbous at the base. — Named by Mr. Ridley. The flowers in the specimen he has kindly sent are far too young for analysis. 83. KSRPVSMA, Lindl. A terrestrial leafy herb ; stem stout, erect. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, petioled, membranous ; sheaths very large, hyaline. Flowers in a dense short sessile spike. Sepals subequal free ; dorsal forming a hood with the oblong petals. Lip adnate to the sides of the column, spreading, spur elongate, straight, exposed, tip 2-tid. Column short, not appendaged in front; stigma anticoiis ; rostelliim short, erect, 2-fid ; anther sessile, erect, linear-oblong, 2-celled; pollmia narrow, tipped with 2 hard lanceolate appendages or glands, pollen grains flattened. K. longricaulis, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7389; in Bat. Reg. under t. 1618 ; Ge7i. Sc Sjp. Orchid. 506 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 178, 190. Eastern Himalaya; Nepal, Walliclu Sikkim, alt. 3-4O0O ft., J. D. JI., &c. Khasia Mts., alt. 4500 ft., Clarke. Stem 6-12 in., elongate and creeping below, then ascending, as thick as a swan's quill or less, clothed below with the white, truncate leaf sheaths -|-1 in long. Leaves 2-3 in., membranous, shortly petioled. Spike 1-2 in., pubescent; bracts i-f in., ovate-lanceolate; flowers with ovary rather longer, suberect, pale pink; sepals :j in. long, 5-nerved, and shorter petals- obtuse ; lip shorter than the sepals, subpanduriform, reflexed from the middle, strongly 5-nerved, disk with 2 flattish calli about the middle, and a thick lamella extending to the rounded tip ; spur longer than the blade, strongly nerved ; base of white column contracted below the broad pulvinate stigma. — 1 do not find the two lamellaj in the spur, which is longitu- dinally grooved or infolded at the back. 84. ODOMTOCHXXiUS; Blume. Habit and character of Ancectochilus, but sac or small spur of the lip hidden between the more or less connate bases of the lateral sepals. — Species about 12, Indian, Malayan and Pacific. The pollen varies greatly in structure in this genus. The species are most difficult of analysis and definition from dried specimens. Myrmechis, Blume, is only distinguishable by the fewer often erect flowers and stem with numerous small leases. * Stem stout, leafy. Flowers solitary or very few. (Myrmechis, ^Z.) 1. O. xnacranthus, RooJc. f. Ic. PI. ined. ; leaves ovate acnmi- nate, flowers very large solitary erect, claw of lip entire, margins involute, limb small orbicular. Perak, Scortechini ; on Maxwell's Hill, Wray. Stem 2-3 in., from a nodose procumbent base. Leaves f in,, shortly petioled. Floioer white, nearly 1 in. long, with a sheathing bract on the very short peduncle ; sepals erect, lateral lineai'-oblong from a gibbous base, 1-nerved; dorsal ovate-lan- ceolate, loug-acutninate ; petals falcately dimidiate-ovate, long-pointed ; sac of lip subglobose, enclosed calii small ; limb shortly exserted ; column very short, frontal appendage erect lanceolate; rostellar arms very long, slender ; anther linear-lanceo- late; pollinia clavate, united caudicles long slender, gland elongate. — Resembles Myrmechis glabra, Blume of Java, but the narrower flowers, long anther, pollen and rostellar arms at once distinguish it. Odontochilus.'] oxlvtii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 99 2. O- calcaratus, SooJc.f.Ic.Tlant.ined.-, leaves very small ovate acnminate, flowers 1-3, claw of lip crenate, lobes small quadrate or rounded, columu with a linear process descending into the cylindric or incurved spur. Perae, ScortecUni'; alt. 3900 ft., Wray. Stem 3-5 in., slender, flexuous, leafy. Leaves ^-\ in., sessile or petioled, aristately acuminate. Peduncle very short, and bracts lanceolate, quite glabrous ; flowers white; sepals linear, 1-nerved, lateral with the outer bases connate and enclosing the spur; petals linear-lanceolate, 1-nerved; lip ^ in. long, spur half as long as the sepals, with a columnar caruncle enclosed, tip straight or incurved ; column short j rostellar arms long, slender ; ankher ovate-lanceolate ; pollinia short, each attached to the gland by a long stout caudicle. — Wray describes the leaves as green dashed with crimson, veined with gold, and bordered with red, the flowers white. ^cortechini says, leaves dark purple, sepals pale carnation, lip white. This is a Myrmechis with the claw of lip of Odontochilus. 3. O. pumilus, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves ^-| in. scattered petioled ovate, scape 1-3-fld., bracts oblong ciliate, lateral sepals ovate subacute, claw of lip crenulate, terminal lobes subquadrate. Cheirostylis ■puaiUa, in joart,. Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 188 {not of Gen. & 8p. Orchid ). SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 8-10,000 ft., J. L>. H., Thomson, King. Stem with .scape 2-3 in., ascending from a prostrate base, stout for the size of the plant. Leaves acute, rather thick; nerves obscure; sheaths very short. Scape with one membranous ciliate sheath ; flowers subglobose, -i in. diam., white; dorsal sepal broadly ovate with an obtuse recurved tip, l-nerved, lateral triangular-ovate, very oblique at the base, 1-nerved; sac of lip simple, internnl calli very large; terminal lobes shortly exserted, thick. — So like Cheirostylis pusilla that it was con- founded with it by Lindley. The specimens I have seen are very few, and the flowers very difficult of analysis. ** Stem elongate. Leaves 1 in. or more long. Spikes few- or many-jld. (Odontochilus, Bl). 4. O. crispus, Hook, f.', leaves few ovate acute, bracts shorter than the glabrous ovary, claw of 2-winged lip quite entire, wings toothed much larger than the sepals. Ancectochilus crispus, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 180. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 5-6000 ft., Ic. Cathcart, Clarke. Khasia Hills ; at Surureem, alt. 5000 ft., Clarke. Stem slender, elongate below the 2-4 leaves. Leaves f in., petiole i-1 in. Spike 4-8-fld., rachis and ovate-lanceolate bracts pubescent ; lateral sepals i in. long, dorsal much smaller ; petals dimidiate-ovate, falcate, acuminate ; claw of lip exceed- ing the sepals, slender ; 2.winged limb ^ in. diam., white; aac minute, didymous, enclosed caruncles large ; column and rostellar arms very short indeed ; anther very short, tip recurved ; pollinia globose, sessile at the truncate end of the very large fleshy ? cuneiform caudicle ; gland minute. — A Sikkira specimen of Clarke's very like this has pubescent sepals, and a few minute tubercles on the claw of the lip. 5. O. pectinatUB, Hook.f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; stem leafy, leaves ovate acute, spike few-fid. laxly villous, bracts as long as the ovary, claw of lip pectinate, limb Innate or broadly 2-winged, sac globose, rostellar arms long. Perak, alt, 3-4000 ft., King's Collector-, Maxwell's Hill, Wray. Stem 6-12 in. Leaves 1^-2^ in., light green, thick, fleshy, petiole i-| in. Spike H 2 100 cxLviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) lOdontochilus. 6-8-fl(3. ; bracts ^ in. long, pubescent, laxly villous, ovary glabrous ; sepals ovate- lanceolate, 1- nerved, softly pubescent ; petals lanceolate, unequal sided, long pointed ; sac of lip with 2 large caruncles ; column very short, with 2 ascending auricles in front; rostellar arms long and broad; anther lanceolate; pollinia obovoid, much shorter than their broad thick coherent caudicles. 6. O. brevistylis, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves towards the top of the stem obliquely ovate-lanceolate acute, spike few-fid. pubescent, bracts as long as the ovary, claw of lip slender with few curved spinous teeth, sac globose, limb bipartite, segments semicircular, rostellar arms very short. Pebak ; on Gunong Batu Patch, alt. 3400 ft., Wray. . A span high. Leaves lg-2 in., pale green ; petiole \ in. Sjuifee short ; flowers white ; ovary glabrous ; sepals \ in. long, lateral broadly obliquely ovate, acute, hairy, dorsal much smaller ; petals semicircular with long points ; sac of lip with 2 large caruncles, claw narrow, limb larger than the sepals ; column exceedingly short, frontal appendages obscure ; rostellar arms triangular, subacute ; anther short, ovate, obtuse ; pollinia subglobose, sessile on the truncate base of the united caudicles which form a large fleshy triangular plate acute at the top, gland minute.— The pollinia and their caudicle are a good deal Ike those of 0. cris'pus. 7. O. Elwesii, ClarJce mss. ; stem above and few-fld. spike hirsute, leaves ovate acute, flowers large, bracts as long as the hirsute ovary, sepals hairy, claw of lip broad irregularly toothed, sac scrotiform, lobes of limb subquadrate, rostellar arms subulate, pollen grains lamellate. HooJc. f. Ic. Plant, ined. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 4-6000 ft., Clarice, King. Kuasia Hills ; on Shillong, alt. 6100 ft., Clarice. Munnipore ; on Kohima, Praia. Stem stout below, 6-8 in, high. Leaves l|-2 in., rather crowded, dark green with 3 red nerves. Spike 2-4i-fld. ; lateral sepals ovate, acuminate, l-nerved, green purple-tipped or white, dorsal much smaller ; petals semicircular, with long or short points; sac of lip 2-lobed, claw dark purple, centre and subquadrate lobes white; column very short, frontal appendages triangular ; anther short, apiculate, con- nective very thick ; pollinia broadly elavate, grains flat, caudicles 0, gland linear. — This and 0. grandijiorus have lamellate ecaudiculate pollen. 8. O. grandiflorus, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 698 ; tall, leafy, leaves 3-5 in. obliquely elliptic acute, spike stout many-fld., rachis pubescent, bracts about equalling the glabrous ovary, sepals glabrous, spur of lip decurrent on the ovary, claw with 5-6 pair of long recurved spines, wings large cuneate, anther lanceolate, pollinia elavate, grains lamellate. Anoecto- chilus grandiflorus, LindL in Journ. Linn. Soc, i. 179. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 4-6000 ft., J. D. H. Khasia Hills, alt. 4000 ft. J. D. S. c^ T. T. Stem with spike 12-15 in., as thick as a goose-quill below. Leaves 2-2^ in. diam., base acute or rounded ; petiole l|^-2 in. Spike 4-6 in. ; bracts ^ in., pink, slightly pubescent; lateral sepals ^ in., falcately oblong-lanceolate, subacute, connate at the base and with the sac of the lip, and dorsal and petals mottled with pinkish white and green, dorsal much smaller, ovate ; sac of lip rather long, calli within large crenate, limb ^-f in. diam. ; column longer than in its congeners, with 2 ascending frontal wings; rostellum very broad, 2-cuspidate; pollinia lamellate, without caudicles, narrowed upwards, the narrowed portion lamellate down to the small gland. 9. O. Clarkel, HooTc.f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; tall, leaves 2-2| in. obliquely elliptic acute, spike subtomentose many-fld., bracts longer than the OdontochiJus.] cxlviii. ORCHiDE-a;. (J. D. Hooker.) 101 pubescent ovary, sepals glabrous lateral free at the base, sac of lip small globose didymous, claw with broad round auricles at the base and 2-3 pair of spines, wings hatchet- shaped, anther elongate, pollinia subglobose with a long flexuous thick candicle, grains cuneiform. SiKKiM Himalaya ; Mongpo, alt. 3000 ft., Clarke. A foot high including the spike. Leaves as in grandijiorus, but much smaller. Spike 5 in., very many-fld. ; bracts ^ in., pink, pubescent ; lateral sepals ^ in., broadly ovate-oblong, pink, 1-nerved, dorsal and petals coherent in a small deeply cordate pink cuspidate hood ; sac of lip with 2 caruncles, claw expanding just beyond the sac into an orbicular or obcordate plate, wings as large as the sepals ; column with 2 ascending frontal appendages ; rostellum broad, bifid ; long caudicle of the pollinia rather stout golden, gland small. — The only species with a dilated ba«e of the claw of the lip. The specimen is a solitary one. 10. O. lanceolatus, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 598 ; leaves 2-3 in. ovate or ovate-lanceolate acute, spike many-fld., rachis pubescent, bracts as long or longer than the glabrous ovaries, flowers small glabrous, sac of lip globose didymous, claw with 3-4 pairs of recurved spines, wings subquad- rate, anther very short, pollinia globose sessile on a broad fleshy triangular caudicle. 0. flavus, (error for luteus), Benth. I. c. Anoectochilus lanceo- latus, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 499 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 179. A. lutens, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. I. c. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 5-6000 ft., Griffith's Collectors (Kew Distrib. 5345, 5354)", &c. Khasia Mts., Mack, Griffith {Keio Distrib. 5352), &c. Stem with the spike 6-8 in., few or many-leaved. Leaves green. Spike 2-3 in. ; bracts ^-| in , usually broader and whiter than in other species, nearly glabrous; lateral sepals 4 in., ovate, obtuse, green, 1-nerved ; dorsal and petals connate in an obtuse hood broader than long ; lip golden yellow, sac with a pair of curved spurs within, claw not dilated at the base, limb ^ in. diam. ; column very short indeed, frontal appendages obscure ; rostellum broad, 2-cuspidate ; anther short, thick, with a recurved beak, grains of pollen cuneiform. — The pollen is like that of O. breristylis & crispus. I cannot distinguish dried specimens of Lindley's An. luteus from his lanceolatus. According to native drawings A. luteus should have much the largest flowers. 85. KAEXIIARZA, Lindl. Terrestrial herbs ; caudex creeping. Leaves petioled. Mowers racemed. Sepals subequal, free ; dorsal erect forming a hood with the petals ; lateral broad, widely spreading. Lip adnate to the base and sides of the column, elongate with a small basal sac which is concealed by the sepals ; sides winged or auricled, blade of two spreading lobes, sac with 2 large internal calli. Column very large, clavate, stigma anticous ; anther large, sub- horizontal, cells distinct ; pollinia 2, clavate, sulcate, granular, attached by a fleshy gland to the forked rostellum. — Species 4, Malayan and Chinese. K. discolor^ Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 490; Miq. Choix. PI. t. 16. Ludisia discolor ; A. Rich, in Diet. Glass. Hist. Nat. vii. 457; Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 113, 114, t. 34, f. 2, 3, and t. 42. Goodyera discolor, Eer in Bat. Beg. t. 271 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2056 ; Lodd. Bat. Cab. t. 143. Myoda rufescens, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7390 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 489. Malay Peninsula ; at Johore, Eidley. Penang, Wallich. — Bistrib. Hong Kong, Cochin China. 102 cxLViii. ORCHiDEJE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Haemaria. Caudex very short. Stem ascending from the hase, 6-10 in., stout or slender, pubescent. Leaves subradical, 1-3 in., shortly petioled, elliptic or ovate, apiculate, fleshy, dark red beneath. Baeemes inany-fld. ; rachis and ovary tomentose ; bracts large, concave, niembranous, acuminate, coloured ; perianth ^-f in. diam. ; petals pinkish, broadly ovate, apiculate, 1-nerved, nerve with flexuous nervules ; sepals linear, 1-nerved ; lip longer than the sepals, recurved ; sac small, 2-lobed ; claw with dilated sides; lobes of limb divaricate, quadrately oblong. — Reicbenbach's var. Dawsoniana from Moulmein (Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 142) consists of leaves only and is probably an Ancectochilus ; it may or may not be his var. Dawsonianns, Gard. Chron. 1872, 321 (AnectocMlus Dawsonianus, Low in Gard. Chron. 1868, 1038) with red reticulations on the leaves. 86. DOSSINZA, Morr. A Borneau genus, not hitherto found in British India. The plant referred to it by Lindley is AncBctocMlus hrevilabris (see p. 95). 87. SPZRANTKES, JRich. Terrestrial herbs, roots fibrons or tuberous ; stem leafy, or the flowering leafless. Leaves various. Floivers small, secund, in often twisted spikes. Sepals subequal, free, or more or 1 j^h.3ria(^ with the petals in an erect hood, lateral gibbous at the base. Lip sessile or clawed, erect, entire or 3-lobed, base concave, disk callous or lamellate. Column short, terete, base often decurrent on the ovary ; stigma anticous, broad, rostellum erect obtuse or elongate and 2-fid ; anther erect, 2-celled ; poUinia pendulous from the gland of the rostellum. — Species about 80, temperate and tropical. 1. S. australis, Lindl. in Bot. Beg. t. 823 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 464 ; Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 178 ; tall, pubescent, root of many fleshy fibres, leaves on the base of the flowering stem linear-lanceolate or linear obtuse or acute or oblanceolate, spikes slender, bracts ovate exceeding the ovary, lip oblong crisped, base saccate 2-glandular, tip dilated retuse or apiculate, disk hairy. Dalz. Sf Gibs. Bomh. Fl. 270; Wight Id. 1724 {middle and right-hand Jigs.). S. longispicata, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 78. S. flexuosa, & parviflora, LindL in Bot. Beg. under t. 823. S. pudica, Lindl. Coll. Bot. t. 30. S. amoena, Bunge Eniim. PI. Chin. 63, S. novse ZelandiciB, Hook. Fl. New Zeald. i. 243. Neottia australis, Br. Prodr. 319; Bon Prodr. 27. N. crispata, Blume Bijdr. 406. E". flexuosa & parviflora, Smith in Bees Cyclop. N. sinensis, Pers. Syn. ii, 511. N. amcena, Bieb. Fl. Taur. Gauc. iii. 606. G3a-ostachys australis, Blume Fl. Jav. 107, t. 37, 38. — Spiranthes, Griff. Notnl. iii. 384 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 348. Throughout India from the Panjab and W. Tibet to Upper Assam, and south- wards to Ceylon and Chittagoxg ; ascending to 7500 ft. in the Sikkim Himalaya, and 7000 ft. in the Isilghiris. — Distrib. AfTghanistan, N. Asia, China, Java, Australia, N. Zealand. Plant 6-18 in. high, stout or slender, sometimes almost tuberous. Leaves 1-5 in., very variable, rarely oblong and sessile, often scattered and lower long- petioled ; sheaths rather distant. Spike 3-6 in., twisted, glandular-pubescent ; flowers secund, close-set ; perianth -^-^-q in. long, horizontal, reddish or white ; sepals obtuse, tips (and of truncate petals) recurved. — There is a great difference in the size of the flowers of this species, but the large and small fld. seem to inhabit the same areas. Var. Wightiana, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. 465 ; very stout, sheaths many almost Spiranthes.'] oxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 103 imbricating, flowers in a dense cylindric spike. S. Wightiana, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7378. S. densa, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 79 : S. australis, Wi^/ht Ic. t. 1724 (left-hand Jig.).— m\ghiri Mts. 2. S. autuxnnalis, Hick. Orchid. Hurop. Ann. 67 ; glandular-pnbes- cent, root of elongate stout tubers, leaves in a tuft at the side of the flowering stem ovate, bracts ovate-lanceolate acuminate exceeding the ovary, lip oblong-panduriform glabrous, base 2-glandular. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 469 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 277 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 9U ; Beichl. Fl. t, 47. Western Himalaya ; at Lohoo Ghat, Thomson (Fl. May). — Distrib. AfFghan- istan, Caucasus to the Atlantic. Root of 2 fleshy fusiform or subcylindric tubers \-l\ in. long. Leaves 1-1^ in., on a very short lateral stem that flowers in the following year. Scape with the rather stout raceme 4-6 in. ; spike twisted : flowers secund greenish white, variable in size, usually larger than in S. australis. — This common European species has not been recorded from any locality between the Caucasus and Aff'ghanistan. Boissier errs in describing the tubers as napiform. In Europe it flowers in October to December ; in India and Aff'ghanistan in April and May. 88. NEOTTZA, Linn. Terrestrial erect brown leafless herbs ; rootstock with fibres, stem simple laxly sheathed. Flowers racemose. Sepals subequal, free, lanceo- late, concave at length spreading, lateral falcate. Petals narrow. lAp pen- dulous from the base of the column, larger than the sepals, 2-fid, base flat or concave. Column erect or incurved, subterete; stigma transverse ; anther erect or inclined forwards, cells contiguous ; pollen in loosely connected masses, pendulous from the gland of the rostellum. — Species 3, temperate Europe and Asia. Neottia stkateumatica, Br. Prodr. 319 (in note). In a note under Neottia australis. Brown refers the Orchis strateumatica of Linnaeus (Flor. Zeylan. n. 319; Sp. Plant. 1. i. 943) to Spiranfhes, on the faith of a specimen in Hermann's Herbarium ; but Linnaeus' character of " spur slender as Jong as the ovary " is quite opposed to this determination. I do not know what it is. N. listeroldes, Lindl. in Boyle III. 368 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 458 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 176. N. Lindleyana, Bene in Jacquem. Voi/, Bot. 163, t. 163. Temperate Himalaya ; from Kashmir eastwards to Sikkim, alt. 5-10,000 ft. in Kumaon, and 10-11,000 ft. in Sikkim. Stem with the raceme 8-14 in,, high, stout or slender, stiff", flexuous ; sheaths 3-4, lax. Raceme 6-12 in., lax-fld., laxly pubescent; bracts ^5 in., sheathing, mem- branous, as long as the erect pedicels ; flowers ^ in. long, red brown; sepals trun- cate, 1-nerved ; petals much narrower, margins convolute ; lip 2-3 times as long as the sepals, linear-oblong, cleft into two ovate or linear-subacute parallel lobes from a third of the way up, nearly flat with a dorsal ridge ; ovary pubescent. Capsule \ in. long, ellipsoid, erect. 89. X.ISTERA. Br. Terrestrial erect 2-leaved herbs, with fibrous roots from a short root- stock. Leaves broad, subopposite. Flowers rather small, racemed. Sepals and petals subequal, free, spreading or reflexed. lAp pendulous from the base of the column, usually longer than the sepals, narrow, entire or 2-fid. 104 cxLViii. OROHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Listera. Column stout ; rostellum terminal ; anther inclined forwards, cells 2 con- tiguous; pollinia 2, usually 2-partite, pendulous from the gland of the rostellum. — Species 10, N. temperate regions. 1. Xi. ovata, Br. in Horf. Kew, v. 201 ; leaves ovate, lip linear 2-fid. Lindl. Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 455 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, iv. 92 ; Ledeh. Fl. Boss. iv. 80 ; Beichh. Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. t. 479. Nobth-West Himalaya?, Falconer. — Disteib. Europe to the Ural and the Caucasus. . Whole plant 12-18 in. high. Boot of fleshy fibres. Stem 2-4 in., naked. Leaves 2-4 in., sessile, subacute. Scape with raceme 6-10 in., with 1-2 small sheaths; raceme 3-6 in., pubescent; bracts broadly ovate, membranous; pedicel -i^ in. ; flowers ^ in. long, greenish ; sepals ovate ; petals linear ; lip twice as long as the sepals, very narrow, 2-fid. Capsule ^ in. long, globosely ellipsoid. — Falconer's is the only Indian Herbarium in which this plant occurs, and as it has not hitherto been found eastwards of Long. 80° E. the specimen may not be Indian, but have been inadvertently placed by him in his Indian Herbarium. 2. Ii. tenuis, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 176; leaves ovate acute, lip cuneately obcordate. SiKKFM Himalaya; Lachen valley, alt. 11,500 ft, J. D. B. Whole plant 4-5 in. high, very slender ; leaves nearer the raceme than the root, i-1 in. long, sessile, 3-5-nerved. Scape almost filiform ; raceme few-fld., puberu- lous ; bracts ovate, acute, membranous ; pedicels short ; flowers \ inong ; lip twice as long as the petals, lobes rounded ; column short. 3. Xi. pinetorum, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 175 ; leaves orbi- cular cordate acute, lip cuneately broadly obcordate from a narrow base, lobes broad. SiKKiM Himalaya ; in pine woods of the Lachen valley, alt. 10-11,000 ft., J. D. H ; Chumbi, King's Collector. Whole plant 4—8 in. high, slender. Leaves 1-1^ in., much nearer the raceme than the root, about as broad as long, very shallowly cordate, 5-7-nerved. Scape rather stout, very short and few-fld.; raceme pabescent ; bracts appressed to the scape, ovate, acuminate, herbaceous; flowers decnrved, \ in. long, greenish brown; lip twice or thrice as long as the sepals, deeply 2-lobed, sinus obtuse ; column long, incurved. 4. Ii. micranthaf Lindl. in Journ. LAnn. Soc. i. 176 ; leaves sub- radical broadly ovate, lip 3-lobed short. SiKKiM Himalaya ; Lachoong valley, alt. 10,000 ft., J. B. B. Whole plant 3-5 in. Leaves \ in. Scape filiform, and lax-fld. ; raceme pubes- cent ; bracts minute, ovate, acute, shorter than the -^ in. pedicels ; flowers very minute, J^ in long ; lip very much smaller than the sepals, cuneate, truncately 3-lobed, lobes acute ; column very short. —A remarkable little species. 90. CKEZROSTVIiZS, Blume. Terrestrial herbs. Leaves membranous. Flowers small, racemed. Segals connate in a gibbous based tube to the middle. Petals narrow, Lip inserted at the base of the column, erect, narrow, base saccate, limb shortly clawed broadly dilated entire toothed or crenate. Column short with ^2 appendages in front, rostellum 2-cleft ; stigmatic lobes lateral; anthe'r erect, cells short ; pollinia 2, caudicle short, gland oblong. — Species about 8, Indian and Malayan. Cheirostylis.'] cxlviii. oncuwam. (J. D. Hooker.) 105 * Appendages of column as long as the rostellum. 1. Ci pusilla, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 489; in Journ. Linn. Soc. in. 188 {in part); glabrous, leaves very small ovate, raceme 2-3-fld., limb of lip 2-lobed, lobes quadrate deeply toothed. Etaeria pusilla, Wall. Cat. 7392. Zeuxine moniliformis, GrtJ^. JVotul. iii. 397; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 350. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., WalLich, &'c. Stem 3-6 in., prostrate below, often moniliform from the swollen internodes. Leaves J— | in., scattered, acute acuminate or aristate ; petiole short. Scape 1-3 in. ; sheaths and bracts oblong-lanceolate, ciliate ; flowers inclined, \ in. long; sepals pink, obtuse ; petals spathulate ; lip white, base shortly saccate, nerves with a few fleshy setae within, claw finely hairy towards the tip ; colaranar appendages fleshy, as long as the rostellar arras ; anther lanceolate ; pollinia pyriform, gland very long. — Closely resembles Odontochilus pumilus, and was confounded with it by Lindley. 2. C malleifera. Parish & Reichh. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 141 ; glabrous, leaves very small ovate acute, raceme 3-5-fld., lobes of lip entire. Tenasserim ; on Zwakabin, Parish. Very like C. pusilla, but there is no appearance in the specimens of a moniliform stem, leaves rather larger, flowers not half the size, lip with a longer and shallower base, and quite entire somewhat hatchet-shaped lobes ; anther with a dilated membranous apex. 3. C. G-riffithii, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 188 ; scape pubescent, flowers 1-3 large, limb of lip reniform laciuiate, appendages of column linear. Goodyera No. 9, Griff. Notul. iii. 393. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., Griffith, LoU, Clarke. Pegu, Kurz (in Herb. Calcutt.). Tenasserim ; on Mt. Tungoo, Pari*^. Stem below prostrate. Leaves 1 in., shortly petioled, ovate, acuminate; sheaths very large, cupular, hyaline. Scape 3-8 in., slender ; sheaths and bracts large, loose, lanceolate ; "flowers nearly 1 in. long with the ovary, white with 2 green spots on the lip ; sepals connate to the middle ; petals narrowly spathulate ; base of lip elongate, concave, with 2 series of glandular setae within; claw short. Capsule I in., pedicelled, pyriform. 4. C. parvifolia, Lindl. in Bat. Beg. 1839, Misc. 19 ; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 488; in Journ. Linn, Soc. i. 187; raceme puberulous lax-fld., flowers minute, limb of lip subquadrate 6-8-lobed, appendages of the column dilated upwards rather short. Thwaites Enum. 313. Ceylon ; Ambagamowa district rare, Thwaites. A span high. Leaves 2-3 about the middle of the slender stem, \-\.\ in., ovate- lanceolate, acuminate. Scape slender, puberulous ; raceme 8-10-fld. ; bracts as long as the short pedicels ; sepals f in. long, glabrous, pink ; petals oblong-obovate, obtuse, white ; lip with a subsaccate base containing 2 small forked calli, limb white ; column very short, rostellar arms subulate ; anther ovate-cordate ; pollinia pyriform, caudicle very short, gland linear. — The specimens are very poor, and the species is perhaps better placed in the following section. ** Appendages of column shorter than the short rostellum, rarely as long. 5. C. flabellata, Wight Ic. v. 16 ; scape glandular-pubescent, flewers subcorymbose, limb of lip suborbicular deeply 2-cleft, lobes sub 5-fid, 106 cxLViii. OECHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Cheirostylis. appendages of column subspathulate ; lAndl. in Journ. Linn. 8oc. i. 187 ; Thwaites Enum. 313 {excl. in both Syn. Zeuxine) ; Dalz. in Hooh. Journ. Bat. iv. (1852) 112; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 271. Monochilus flabellatus, Wight Ic. t. 1727. Groodyera flabellata, A. Rich in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, XV. 79, t. 12. Bhotan Himalaya, Griffith. Tenasserim, Parish. The Concan, Dalzel. NiLGHiRi Hills, alt. 6000 ft., Wight, &c. Ceylon; Ambagamovva district, Thwaites, Beckett. Stem sometimes moniliform below as in C. pusilla, but stouter. Leaves ^-f in., petioled, ovate, acute. Scape 6-8 in. j sheatbs and bracts loose, acuminate; flowers 2-10, white, glandular-pubescent, perianth hemispheric ; petals linear-oblong, falcate ; sac of lip cymbiform, with 2 calli within; base hairy, claw short with 2 green spots j column very short, appendages subterminal and rostellar arms both subspathulate ; anther with a dilated membranous tip ; pollinia pyriform, subsessile on the elongate lanceolate gland. 6. C. pubescensj Parish Sf Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc xxx. 141 ; scape pubescent, limb of lip 2-lobed, lobes subquadrate crenate, appendages of the column cuneately obovate much shorter than the subspathulate arms of the rostellum. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem stout, ascending. Leaves 1^-3 in., ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; petiole slender. Scapes-Gin.; sheaths and bracts lax, acuminate ; raceme 3-10-fld.; perianth ^ in. long ; sepals connate to the middle ; lip with a small concave 3-nerved base, lateral nerves with one slender callus j claw rather broad j anther truncate. Capsule ^ in., pyriform, pedicelled. 91. ZEUXZNS, Lindl. Terrestrial herbs ; stem creeping below. Leaves membranous. Flowers small, splcate. Sepals subequal, dorsal concave, cohering with the petals ; lateral free. Lip inferior, adnate to the base of the column, cymbiform or saccate with a shortly-clawed or sessile entire 2-lobed or 2-winged terminal lobe ; sac with 2 calli or spurs near the base within. Column very short, 2-keeled or -winged in front ; stigmatic lobes 2, marginal, distant ; anther membranous, cells contiguous ; polHnia pyriform, attached by an oblong gland to the erect rostellum with often an intermediate appendage or a linear caudicle. — Species about 20, tropical Asia and Africa. I refer to Zeuxine those species of Hetceria that have large terminal lobes to the lip. The appendage between the gland of the pollinia and the pollinia itself is a very curious organ, and its real nature has not been ascertained, whether rostellar or pollinar ; it occurs only in some species, and in these under very various forms, so that it cannot be relied on as a generic character. It is further so difficult of analysis in dried specimens, that much allowance must be made for my description of it. Sect. 1. EuzEUXiNE, Lindl. Leaves sessile, linear-lanceolate. 1. Z. sulcata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. OrcJiid. 485; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 186; Griff. Notul. iii. 396 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 349; Blume Orchid. Arcliip. Ind. 67 ; Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 723. Z. bracteata, brevifolia, & robusta, Wight Ic. 1724 bis, 1725, 1726. Z. membranacea, Lindl. Gen. & 8p. 486 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. I. c. ; Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 68. Z. Tripleura, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. I. c. 7i. integerrima, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. 486; Zeuxine.l oxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 107 Blume Fl. Jav. 55, t. 19 and 23 C ; Orchid. Archip. Ind. 67 ; Miquel. I. c. Z. emarginata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. I. c. Z. procumbens, Blume Fl. Jav. 56, t. 22, f. 3 and t. 23 B ; Orchid. ArcJiip. Ind. 68. Tripleura pallida, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7391 ; Gen. & Sp. 452. Adenostylis emarginata & integerrima, Blume Bijdr. 414, t. 17. Pterygodium sulcatum, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 452. Coryciam ? humile, Herh. Sam. Throughout India, in the plains and lower hills, from the Panjab and Scinde to Assam, Chittagong, and southward to Ceylon.— Distkib. Affghanistan, Java, China, Philippines. ^tem 2-16 in., erect, glabrous, leafy to the top. Leaves few or many, 1-2 in., erect, acuminate, margins usually recurved. Spihe \-% in., dense-fld., nearly glabrous; bracts \-\ in., erect, lanceolate, acuminate, hyaline, 1-nerved ; flowers white, yellow, or very pale rose ; sepals \ in. long, oblong, obtuse, membranous; petals oblong, obtuse, hyaline j lip yellow, equalling the sepals, cymbiform, con- tracted into a short pubescent claw bearing a hammer-headed terminal lobe or 2 small lobes; column short, rostellum short; anther short, ovate; poUinia pyriform, attached within the tip of a linear appendage of the gland. Capsule ^ in. long, ellipsoid.— The commonest Indian Orchid, very variable in size. The tall form, Z. membranacea, has large flowers, and may prove distinct, but there appears to be many intermediate forms. Sect. 2. MoNOCHiLUs, Wall. (Gen.). Leaves ovate. — All scapigerous. * Claw of terminal lobes short with involute margins. f Terminal lobe of lip very smally entire or subentire. 2. Z. g-oodyeroides, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 486 ; leaves ovate green with a median pale stripe, spike nearly glabrous, lip cymbiform terminal lobe orbicular or oblong concave membranous. Monochilus galeatus, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Sac. i. 187. Eastern Himalaya; from Sikkim, alt. 6-8000 ft., to Mishmi, Griffith, &c. Pegtj, Kurz in Herh. Calcutt. Stem 2-4 in. Leaves 1-1^ in., sessile or shortly petioled, obtuse acute or acumi- nate, sheaths short. Scape 3-6 in., slender; spike lax-fld. ; bracts equalling the glabrous ovary ; sepals *- in. long, dorsal ovate, acute, lateral lanceolate 1-nerved ; petals falcate, very obtuse; lip wholly included, coriaceous, with 2 short spurs within ; rostellar arms small ; stigmatic lobes distant ; pollinia pyriform, attached by a slender caudicle to the oblong gland. 8. Z. reniformlS; Sooh. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves approximate ovate-lanceolate acuminate, scape short pubescent, bracts longer than the pubescent ovary, sepals ovate 3-nerved subacute glabrous, lip included, sac hemispheric with 2 toothed calli within, terminal lobe reniform crenate. Perak, Scortechini. Stem 6-10 in. below the leaves. Leaves 2-3^ in., membranous, base rounded ; petiole ^ in., slender, sheath short inflated. Scape 2 in. ; spike about as long ; bracts ^ in., lanceolate, hyaline ; sepals ^ in. long, membranous, ovate, obtuse, 3-nerved ; petals | in., orbicular, long-beaked, 3-nerved ; limb of lip with 2 small appendages at the base; column 2-winged in front; rostellar arms long, fleshy, trumpet-shaped ; anther lanceolate ; pollinia pyriform attached separately to the face of a large cuneately quadrate horny appendage which is continuous with the triangular gland, margin of gland and appendage recurved. ft Terminal lobe of lip 2-winged. 4. Z. longrilabriS; Benth. in Gen, Plant, iii. 600 ; spike pubescent, 108 cxLViii. ORCHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Zeuxine. lip much longer than the sepals, wings of terminal lobe elongate toothed. Monochilns longilabre, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 487 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 186. M. affinis, Wight Ic. t. 1728 {not of Lindl.). Assam, Lower Bengal and Chittagong, Clarke. Western Ghats ; in the S. Concan, Stocks, and Travancore, Wight. Ceylon, in the drier parts of the island, Macrae, Thwaites. Leaves 1-lJ in., near the base of the short stem, shortly petioled. Scape very slender and elongate, lax-fld. ; spike glandular-pubescent ; bracts about equalling the ovary ; sepals ^ in. long, broad, obtuse, green ; lip twice as long, sac with 2 spurs within, wings toothed on the outer margin, variable in breadth ; anther beaked ; pollinia clavate, adnate for about two-thirds of their length to the linear appendage of the gland. 6. Z. regria, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. GOO ; leaves ovate-lanceolate with a median pale stripe acute, spike pubescent, sepals and petals with recurved tips, lip rather longer than the sepals, wings suborbicular or cuneiform. Monochilus regium, Lindl. Gen. S: Sp. Orchid. 487. Ceylon ; damp woods in the Central Province, ascending to 4000 ft., Macrae, &c. Stem slender, elongate. Leaves 1^-2 a in., dark green, variable in breadth ; petiole and sheath short. Scape 3-5 in.; spike few-fld. ; bracts as long as the ovary; sepals a in. long, very obtuse; lip with a short saccate base; anther broadly ovate, beaked ; pollinia clavate, pendulous from the small oblong gland, append- ages 0. 6. Z. nervosa, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 600 ; leaves broadly ovate acute, sepals ovate obtuse tips straight, spike pubescent, lip rather longer than the sepals, wings cuneate. Monochilus nervosum, Wall, in Lindl. Gen. So Sp. Orchid. 487 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 187. Etaeria nervosa, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7381. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 2-4000 ft., J. L. E. Silhet, Wallich. Cahae, Keenan. Bengal; at Comilla, &c., Clarke. Stem rather stout. Leaves 1-2 in. Scape 2-5 in., stout or slender; spike 1-8 in., lax or dense-fld. ; bracts equalling the ovary ; sepals i in. or less, green or purplish ; anther didymous, apiculate ; pollinia and their appendages as in Z. reni- formis. — The Ceylon habitat cited by Thwaites is an error. 7. Z. flava, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 600 ; leaves . ovate acute, spike glabrous or pubescent, flowers very small, lip shorter than the sepals, wings broadly obovate or hatchet-shaped, Monochilus flavum, Wall, in Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 487 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 187. Etaeria flava, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7380 A, B. Nepal, Wallich. Assam, Griffith ; on the Naga hills, Prain. Tenasseeim, Heifer, Griffith. Ceylon ; Central Province, alt. 3000 ft., Thwaites. — Disteib. Java, Borneo. Stem usually elongate, slender. Leaves 1-1^ in., usually scattered, petioled or not; sheath usually much inflated, h;) aline. Scape 3-6 in., very slender; spike 1-1^ in., lax-fld. ; bracts usually exceeding the ovaries ; sepals J^ in., obtuse ; lip included, sac with 2 long spurs within ; anther ovate-lanceolate ; pollinia subglobose, attached by a simple caudicle to the lanceolate gland.^ — Much the smallest fid. species. A drawing in Herb. Peradeniya represents the flowers as white with a red lip. 8. Z. affinis, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 600 ; leaves ovate or ovate- lanceolate, spike and ovaries pubescent, lip longer than the sepals, wings Zeuxine.] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 109 obovate-oblong or subcuneate. Monochilus affine, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 487 {excl. hah. Gourtallum). Etaeria aflS.nis, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7383. B. flava, Wall. Cat. 7380 0. ^Etlieria mollis, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 184, SiKKiM Himalaya; in the Terai, Gamble. Khasia Hills, alt. 5000ft., Griffith, &c. Burma; at Taonj^ Dong, Wallich. Tenassekim ; at Moulmein, Lohb, Parish. Penang, Maingay. Very like Z. jiava, but the flowers are much larger, and much more numerous, the sepals ^ in. long, and the pollinia are pyriform, attached by an elastic caudicle to the oblong gland. 9. Z. abbreviata, Hook. f. ; leaves lanceolate acuminate, bracts ovate-lanceolate shorter than the slender erect glabrous ovaries, sac of lip with 2 lamellae on the midrib and 2 large calli on each side, wings of terminal lobe obliquely ovate subacute entire. Etaeria abbreviata, Lindl. in Wall. Gat.. 7385; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 491 (^theria). E. lanceolata, Eeichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 142. Dossinia lanceolata, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 186. Nepal, Wallich. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., J. D. S. S^ T. T. Whole plant 1 ft. Leaves 2^ in., many nerved; petiole ^-f in. Spike puberu- lous ; sepals pink, broadly ovate, acuminate ; petals semi-orbicular or lunate ; column with 2 membranous wings on the face ; rostellum very short, 2-fid. ; anther ovate, obtuse ; pollinia elongate, clavate, lamellate down to the large gland. ** Claw of terminal lobe of lip slender, not margined. 10. Z. znoulmeinensis, Hook. f. ; slender, leaves elliptic, spike glandular-pubescent few-fld., bracts ovate-lanceolate shorter than the slender glabrous ovaries, sepals and petals aristately acuminate, sac of lip large globose didymous with 2 large calli within, claw straight rigid, lobes narrowly f alcately cuneate lacerate. Etseria moulmeinensis, Par. Sc Beichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 142. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Lohh, Parish. Stem slender, with the spike 12-18 in. Leaves 2-3 in., elliptic, acute or acuminate, membranous ; petiole 1 in., slender. Spike 2-3 in., few-fld. ; flowers not secund, spreading ; ovar^' slender, ^ in. long ; sepals membranous, l-nerved, dorsal ovate, lateral much broader ; petals broadly dimidiate ovate with recurved points ; sac of lip with caruncled callous sides, sub- 4-celled by imperfect transverse and lon- gitudinal septa, claw slender pubescent, lobes divaricate as long as the rest of the lip; column very short and stout with projecting cheeks on the anterior face; rostellum short, 2-fid ; anther short, ovate, obtuse ; pollinia pyriform, attached to the gland by very short caudicles. — Possibly a Cystorchis. 11. Z. longrifolia, Hook. f. ; tall, very robust, leaves large lanceolate acuminute, spike elongate laxly many-fid., rachis puberulous, bracts shorter than the long slender glabrous ovaries, sepals and petals aristately acuminate, lip very broad saccate, sac with trapeziforra sides two caruncles within towards the base and a flattened uncinate one on the midrib, claw beyond the lobe narrow rigid, wings flabellate lacerate. Hetseria longi- folia, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xviii. 346. Rhomboda longifolia, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 181. SiKKiM Himalaya ; in lower valleys, J. I). H. Stem procumbent at the base, as thick as a swan's quill, branched. Leaves 6-8 by 1 J-2 in., many-nerved, midrib stout ; petiole 1-1^ iii' J sheaths short. Spilce 7" in. J flowers very obliquely gibbous, not secund ; bracts ovate-lanceolate j ovary 110 cxLViii. ORCHiDB^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Zeuxine. f in., very slender upwards; sepals 1-nerved, dorsal ovate, lateral triangular-lanceo- late; petals semi-lunate with long points ; lip when spread out subtriangular, truncate in front with the stout straight stiff claw projecting from between the lobes and bearing 2 wings ; column very large, hollow, broadly truncate, almost cupular, with 2 cuneate ridges down the face, a very small rostellum, and a small stigmatic lobe on each side; anther sunk in the column, lanceolate; pollinia narrowly clavate. — A /ery singular plant. 92. KVXiOPKZI«Aj Lindl. Terrestrial herbs ; stem elongate, creepi*^. Leave.? petio led, obliquely ovate- lanceolate. Flowers small, spicate, subglobose ; perianth horizontal, con- nivent. Sepals acuminate, dorsal with the petals forming a hood ; lateral very broadly ovate, concave. Petals falcate or subspathulate. Lip a subglobose sac contracted at the mouth, with a very small linear blade, and 2 glands within near the base. Golumn very short, appendages 0 or minute ; stigma prominent, frontal under the very long forked rostellum ; anther elongate, cells short ; pollinia shortly caudicled. — Species 2, Malayan. 1. K. mollis, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7396; 61^6^. & Sp. Orchid. 490; leaves flat acuminate, bracts subulate, sepals ^ in. long pubescent. JBlume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 115, t. 35, 36 F. Singapore, Wallich. Malacca, Qriffith {Kew Distrib. 5337). Peeak, Scot- techini. — Distrib. Sumatra. Caudex flexuous, roots very thick. Leaves 3-4 in., black when dry, base unequal, acute. Scape 8-12 in., very slender, sheaths } in., scattered, subulate ; spike 4-6 in. ; bracts ^ in., equalling the flowers; sepals 3-nerved ; petals falcately lanceolate, acute. 2. K* lanceolata. Hook, f, ; leaves caudate-acuminate, margins waved, bracts lanceolate, sepals |- in. long nearly glabrous. Dicerostylis lanceolata, Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 116, t. 38, f. 1. Perak, Scortechini. — Distrib. Java. A much stouter plant than ^. mo^^z5 ; leaves larger, 4-5 in., petiole 1 in., red brown when dry ; scape in the only specimen seen much shorter and stouter, bracts broader and more concave, flowers twice as large, ovary twisted, sepals 5-uerved, petals dimidiately obovate, 3-nerved. Column with a minute subulate process on each side below the stigma. 93. GOODVERA, Br. Terrestrial leafy herbs ; stem short, or elongate and creeping below. Leaves subradical, petioled. Flowers small, in often twisted spikes. Sepals ' subequal, dorsal erect, concave, forming a hood with the narrow petals ; lateral free, erect or spreading, covering the sac of the lip or not. Ldp in- ferior, sessile at the base of the column, entire, cymbiform or subsaccate, usually acute, naked or setose within. Golumn various, top cupular ; stigma broad, anticous ; rostellum erect ; anther-cells distinct ; pollinia granular, caudicled or not, pendulous from the rostellar gland. — Species 25, temp, and trop. Europe, Asia, N. America, N". Caledonia, and the Mascarene Islands. * Stem tall, stout, 18 in.-2 ft. Leaves large, suberect, petioled, lanceo- late or elliptic lanceolate acuminate. — The species of this group are not allied inter se, agreeing only in stature. Goodyera.'] oxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 11.1 1. C procera, TCooJc. Exot. Flor. t. 39; spike dense-fld., flowers minute, lip saccate softly setose within and with 2 large calli within the ob- tuse recurved tip, column very short, anther obtuse. Lindl. Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 493 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 183 ; Don Prodr. 28 ; Wight Ic. t. 1729. G. carnea, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 80. Cionisaccns lanceolatus, Breda Orch. Kuhl et Hassk. t. 1. Cordylestylis foliosa, Fal- coner in Hook. Journ. Bot. iv. (1842) 75. ISTeottia proct-ra, Ker in Bot. Reg. t. 639. — Leuco.stachys, Hoffman Preisverz. Orch. 1842, ex Linnea, xvi., Littlb.23i'. Tropical Himalaya, alt. 1-3000 ft., from Garwhal to Upper Assam, the Khasia and Naga Hills, and Pegu. Nilghiei Hills and Malabar Ghats, ». Wight. Ceylon, ascending to 4000 ft. — Distrib. Java, Cliina. Hoot of tiii k tufted fibres. Stem 10-30 in., usually many-leaved. Leaves 4-8 b) 1-2 in., thick, petiole very stout. Spike 3-8 in. ; rachis glabrous or pube- scent; bracts equalling the subglobose whitisli fragrant flowers, which are -i in. diam. ; sepals broadly ovate, obtuse, 1-nerved; petals spathulate ; lip not longer than tie column ; pollinia broadly pyriforra, sessile on the gland. Capsule ^ in. fusiforn. 2. €•- rubens^ Blume Orchid. Archijp. Ind. t. 9 C, D ; spike rather lax-fld. lip saccate beaked densely clothed within with soft tubercles or short s^ Beichh. f. in Linntea, xli. 57; sepals and petals linear-oblong obtuse, lip narrowly obovate-obloDg contracted beyond the Aphyllorchis.] oxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 117 middle, and side lobes rounded at the base, claw short broad witk 2 linear-calli tip obtuse thickened. Apataria montana, Thwaitea Enum. 301 {not of Lindl). ? Khasia Mts., alt. 3500 ft., and Sikkim Himalaya, Griffith. Ceylon ; Am- bagamowa district, rare, Thwaites. Stem 2 ft., with 8-10 loose stout basal sheaths, and a few distant higher up ; yellowish tinged with purple. Raceme 4-8 in., lax-fid. j bracts |—f in., lanceolate, acuminate ; pedicel with ovary f-l in. ; sepals ^— | in., and petals straw-coloured, backs and tips purple ; lip broader than the sepals, base contracted into the sub- saccate short blaw, nerves with diverging nervules j column very slender. — I find no sufficient character whereby to separate the Sikkim and Khasia specimens, but these latter are quite insufficient for identification. 2. A. Pralnii, SooJc. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; sepals and petals linear- oblong obtuse, lip ovate, claw saccate with two falcately ovate acute wing -like auricles. Naqa Hills ; Prain. Very like A. montana in size, habit, and inflorescence; distinguished by the winged claw of the lip. I have seen but one specimen. 3. A. ? vagrinata, HooTc.f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; stem stout clothed with lax obtuse sheaths, lip sessile lanceolate acuminate. Khasia Hills ; at Mamloo, in woods, alt. 5000 ft., J. D. H. ^ T. T. Stem 6 in., stout; sheaths \ in., loose, membranous, obtuse. Raceme few-fld. ; bracts large sheathing ; flowers subsessile, erect, about" ^ in. across, dingy red; sepals broadly ovate, obtuse, 3-nerved ; petals lanceolate, acuminate, 1-nerved ; lip broader than the sepals, as long, with no vestige of claw or caruncle ; column shorter than in the other species of the germ, acuminate. — I have seen but one specimen of this curious plant which difilers from its congeners in the sessile lip and shorter column. The flowers are young, and too much confidence must not be placed in the diagnosis. ** Flower buds decurved. ' 4. A. pallida, Blume Bijdr. t. 77; Orchid. Archip. Ind. 52, t. 13, f. 1 & 17 D. ; sepals and petals falcate, claw of lip with large oblique auricles, limb 3-lobed, base cordate, side lobes oblong, midlobe oblong obtuse caruncled. Perak, Scortechini, in rocky places, alt. 800-1000 ft., Kin^f's Collector, alt. 3900 ft., Wray. — Disteib. Java. Root of long tomentose fibres. Stem 12-18 in., rather flexuous, slender, spotted with brown -pink ; sheaths few, obtuse. Racemes 2-6 in., lax-fid.; bracts oblong, upper ovate ; pedicel erecto-patent, with the ovary \-\ in. ; fiowers 4 in. long, decurved, pale brownish-pink, spotted with dark brown; sepals linear -oblong, obtuse, concave; petals strongly falcate, 1-nerved; lip recurved; column subclavate; anther didymous; pollinia {Ic. Scortechini) pyriform (in Ic. Blume, reniform). 96. CRVPTOSTYXiIS, Br. Terrestrial herbs; caudex short, stout. Leaves basal, long petioled; membranous. Scape leafless. Flowers loosely racemed or subspicate. Sepals subequal, and petals very narrow, widely spreading Lip superior, erect, lanceolate from a broad base which embraces the column, con- tracted above it, entire. Column very short; stigma stout; rostellum broad, thick, erect, acuminate ; anther obtuse or acuminate ; pollinia 118 oxLViii. ORCHiDBJE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Cryptostilis, pyriform, free, or fixed to the rostellum. — Species 7, Indian, Malayan, and Australian. C. Arachnites^ Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 132, t. 45. Zosterostylis Arachnites, Blume Bijdr. 419, t. 32. Z. zeylanica, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 446 ; Thwaites Enum. 312. Z. Walkerse, Wight Ic. t. 1748 f . 4. Khasia Hills, Griffith ; at Cburra, alt. 4500 ft., Clarke. Peeak, Scortechini, &c. Penang, Hullett. Ceylon, Walker, ascending to 4000 ft., TAwai^es.— Disteib. Java. JRoot of long fleshy tomentose fibres. Leaves 1-3, all radical, 3-6 in., elliptic or elliptic-lanceolate, acute, many-nerved and trabeculate, primary nerves 3 in- distinct ; petiole rather longer, embraced at the base by membranous sheaths. Scape 8-18, slender ; sheaths acuminate. Eaceme 4-8 in. ; bracts convolute, acuminate, equalling the ovary; pedicel with ovary decurved ; sepals ^-| in., greenish, acuminate, margins revolute ; petals rather shorter, reflexed ; lip as long as the petals, acumi- nate, purple, mottled. Capsule ^ in., ellipsoid. — There is some little difierence in the breadth of the lip between the Ceylon and Malayan forms, broader in the former, but I do not find that organ to be pubescent in either, or in the Khasian. 97. CORYSilNTKES, Br. Yerj small, terrestrial, 1-leaved, 1-fld. herbs. Leaf snborbicular. Flowers large, red-purple. Dorsal sepal falcate ; laterals and petals fili- form, or petals 0. Lip large, erect, base tubular, dilating into a broad reflexed toothed or fimbriate limb. Cohomn short, erect, 2-winged at the tip; stigma broad; anther erect; pollinia oblong, free or sessile on the rostellum. Capsule erect on an elongate pedicel. — Species about 15, Australian and Malayan. 1. C. plcta, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid., 394 ; lateral sepals and petals much longer than the dorsal sepal, limb of lip broadly obovate erose puberulous within. Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 174s, t. 64 f. 1. . Calcearia picta, Blume Bijdr. 417, t. 33 right-hand Jiffure. Peeakj near the top of Tambak Batak, Scortechini. — Disteib. Java. Stem 1-2 in., base scaly. Leaf terminal, ovate, deeply cordate, acuminate, margins waved. Flower sessile, bracts f in., subulate-lanceolate ; dorsal sepal with a long claw, margined with white, and a broad deep violet cuneate emarginate hood; lip strongly recurved, claw embracing the column produced and 2-fid at the base, limb reflexed deep violet. 2. C. fornicataj Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 394 ; lateral sepals and petals shorter than the dorsal sepal, limb of lip flabelliform with many rough short ridges. Blume Orchid. Archip. Ind. 175, t. 64, f. 2. Calcearia fornicata, Blume Bijdr. 417, t. 33, left-hand figure. Peeak, Gunong Enar and Tambok Balak, Scortechini. — Disteib. Java. Stem ^-2 in. Leaf ^-% in,, ovate-cordate, margin not waved. Flower sessile; bracts ^ in., subulate-lanceolate; claw of dorsal sepal | in., blade spathulate, 5-ribbed, rose-coloured ; lip with a long erect convolute tube produced into two spurs at the base, and erose recurved glabrous ribbed limb marked with short blackish purple rugose concentric nerves that end abruptly at the same level towards the claw, and do not reach the margin. 98. FOGONXA, Griffi, Sect. Neevilia. Terrestrial tuberous 1-leaved herbs, leafing after flowering. Leaf very Fogonia.] cxlviii. orchidej;. (J. D. Hooker.) 119 broadly cordate or orbicular, strongly plicate. Flowers solitary, few, or many, racemed, horizontal or pendulous. Sepals smdpetals subequal, narrow, ccnnivent or widely spreading. Lip inferior, adnate to the base of the column, sessile or sub-clawed, usually narrow, entire or 2-jBd or 3-lobed ; spur a very short sac. Column elongate, tip clavate, stigma oblong or broader ; rostellum short ; anther substipitate ; pollinia 2 or 4. Capsule erect or pendulous. — Species about 30; of Sect. Nervilia about 12. The above characters apply exclusively to the section Nervilia, (genus of Gaudichaud), to which all the Old World species of Pogonia belong; and which all flower before leafing. All the other species, except one Japanese, are New World, and their flowering stems bear leaves. — The species are very difficult of analysis from Herbarium specimens, but I have been greatly aided by the drawings in Herb. Kew, and those of Herb. Calcutt., kindly lent by Dr. King. All want revision. * Stem 1-B-Jld. 1. P. pllcata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 415 ; leaf orbicular-cordate hairy, stem 1-3-fld., lip embracing the column, tip dilated 2-lobed. Epipactis plicata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 454. Arethusa plicata, Andr. Bat, Rep., t. 321. LowEE Bengal, the Goncan & Mysoee, Roxburgh, &c. TM^er globose. Leaf 2-4 in. diam., very many-nerved; petiole 1-3 in., often rusty-purple or brown. Flowering stem 4r-6in. ; bracts small; flowers 1^ in. diam. ; sepals and petals widely spreading, narrowly oblanceolate, acuminate, greenish ; lip embracing the column, sides convolute, whitish or rose-coloured, tip pink.- — Roxburgh observes and figures the tuberiforous suckers propagated from the apex of the petiole under the surface of the soil. 2. P. toiflora, Wight. Ic. 7399; leaf unknown, stem 2-fld., lip obovate obtusely 3-lobed about the middle, embracing the column. Maiabae ; in the Wynaad jungles, Jerdon. Tuher globose. Flowering stem 2-4 in. ; bracts slender ; flowers 1^ in. diam. ; sepals and petals narrowly oblanceolate, white ; lip pink, contracted at the base, s:de lobes rounded, midlobe emarginate crisped. — Amongst Parish's di'awings is one of a similar Moulmein plant in flower only, with red-brown stem, pink sepals and petals, and a more clavate column than in Wight's figure. 3. P. Juliana, Wall. Cat. 7399; leaf ovate-cordate glabrous, stem 1-fld., lip with 2 narrow falcate side lobes near the base which embrace the column, and a longer rhombic-lanceolate acuminate midlobe which is hairy at its base. Hoolc.f. Ic. Plant, ined. Epipactis Juliana, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 453. Assam (Ic. in Herb. Calcutt). Silhet, Clarke. Lowee Bengal, Roxburgh, Clarke. Ceylon ; in the Doombera district ; Thwaites. Tuher globose. Leaf 2-3 in. , 5-7-nerved, green or purple beneath ; petiole short. Flowering stem 3-6 in. ; bracts ensiform ; flower about 2i in. diam. ; sepals and petals narrowly oblanceolate, acuminate, green ; side lobes of lip white, midlobe spreading, white mottled with pink. — Amongst Parish's drawings is one of a Moulmein plant (P. cuprea, Par. mss.) Vike Juliana, but with purple-green sepals and petals, and the hypochile longer than the epichile ; it is in flower only. 4. P. velutina, Par. Sc Reichh. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 142; leaf orbicular-cordate velvety on both surfaces, stem 2-fld., lip shorter than the sepals embracing the column oblong-ovate obtuse. Tenasseeim ; at Moulmein, Parish. 120 CxLViii. ORCHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Pogonia, Leaf 5-6 in. diam., many -nerved, rust-coloured ; petiole very short. Flowering stem 4-12 in. ; bracts very small ; sepals and petals 1^ in. long^, narrowly lanceolate, dirty purple ; lip ventricose towards the middle, flushed with pink, with two red purple branching nerves down the middle ; column gibbously clavate. 5. P. znacrogrlossa, HooJc. f. Ic. Plant, ined.; leaf untnown, stem 1-fld., lip longer than the sepals embracing the column strap shaped obtuse. SiKKiM HiMAiATA; in hot valleys, J.D.R.; at Tumlong, alt. 6500 ft., Clarice. Flowering stem 3-6 in. ; bracts small, slender ; sepals 1-1|^ in., linear -lanceolate, acuminate, white flushed with pink ; lip 1| by ^ in., of the same breadth from the rounded base to the rounded apex, except across the very small side lobes that project beyond the middle, nerves very slender ; there is an appearance of lines of roughness on each side of the midrib opposite the side lobes. Column very slender, tip clavate.— Near Tclutina, but very distinct in the rather broader sepals, and shape of the remarkable lip which exceeds the sepals. 6. P. maculata, Par. & Eeichh. f. in Trans. Linn. Sac. xxx. 143 ; leaf orbicular-cordate glabrous, stem 2-fld., lip shortly spurred at the base embracing the column ovate-lanceolate 3-lobed about the middle woolly within. PLooTc.f. Ic. Plant, ined. Tenasserim; at Moulmein, Parish. Leaf about 2 in. diam., about 13-nerved, green with a black-purple spot at the base of each fold beyond the middle j petiole 2-3 in. Flowering stem 5-6 in., slender; bracts minute; sepals and petals f in., narrowly 'oblanceolate, green; lip equalling the sepals, yellow green with dark green veins ; column rather slender j anther purple. ** Flowers racemose. Bracts elongate, linear-lanceolate, rejlexed. 7. P. Gammiena, Jlook.f. Bot. Mag. t. 6671 ; leaf orbicular- or ovate- cordate acuminate glabrous, margin waved, sepals and connivent petals spathulately oblanceolate acute, lip saccate at the base, hypochile narrow much longer than the orbicular waved hairy epichile. Tropical Himalaya ; from Garwhal, Falconer, &c., to Sikkim, Oammie, &c. Leaf 6 in. broad and less,' many-nerved, pitted between the folds j petiole 4-10 in., stout. Flowering stem ^-12, m., stout; bracts |-f in., reflexed; sepals and petals 1 in. long, conniving, concave, pink ; lip greenish-white or yellowish, as long as the 8. P. Scottil, Eeichh. f. in Flora, 1872, 276 ; leaf large reniform many-nerved glabrous, flowering stem tall stout, sepals and petals conni- vent linear-lanceolate acuminate, lip subclawed, base saccate, 3-lobed about the middle, side lobes obtuse, midlobe suborbicular velvety. ? Pogonia, No. 2, Griff. Notul. iii. 377 ; Ic. PI. Asiat. t. 345. Sikkim Himalaya; at Darjeeling (ea; ReicTih.). Chittagong; at Seetakoond {Ic. in Herh. Calcutt.). ? Buema, Griffith. LeafS in. diam., abruptly acuminate, green, margin subundulate; petiole 12 in., very stout. Flowering stem dark brown, with raceme 18 in. ; bracts f in., reflexed; flowers horizontal, almost geniculate with thedecurved ovary; sepals and petals | in., connivent, dull green with red nerves ; lip as long, yellow-white with purple nerves ; top of column hairy on the back. — Lindley refers Griflfith's plant to P. carinata, but the saccate base of the lip, and flowers set on at an angle with the ovarv, rather indicate P. Scottii. These characters are not, however, shown in Griffith's drawing. Pogonia.] cxlviii. orohide^e. (J. D. Hooker.) 121 9. P. carinata, Lindl. Gen. Sd Sp. Orchid. 414; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 45 {e.rcl. syn. Griff.) \ leaf orbicular or cordate 7-9-nerved glabrous, sepals and petals narrowly oblanceolate acuminate, lip 3-lobed about the middle pubescent, side lobes very sbort, midlobe broadly ovate acute crenate, nerves rectangular. P Balz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 270. Epipactis carinata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 452. Plains of India ; from Rohilcund to Lower Bengal, and theDECCAN Peninsula. Pegu, Kurz. Leaf 1^-2^ in. diam., cuspidate, not waved ; petiole 1-2 in. Flowering stem with raceme 6-12 in., green ; bracts ^ in. j sepals and petals 1 in., green ; lip not saccate at the base, white with red or purple veins. — I am unable to discriminate satis- factorily in Herbarium specimens of the flower (carefully moistened and laid out) between this and flabelliformis. 10. P. flabelliformis* Lindl in Wall. Oat. 7400 ; Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 415 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 45 ; leaf large orbicular-cordate many- nerved, lip 3-lobed about the middle, side lobes obtuse, midlobe ovate acute crisped and hairy. ? Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 270. P. Nervilia, Blume Mus. Bot. i. 32. P. carinata, Wight Lc. 1. 1720. Nervilia Aragoana, Gaud, in Freyc. Voy. Bot. 422, t. 35. Teopical Himalaya ; from Garwhal, alt. 4-5000 ft, Falconer, &c., eastwards. ? Tenassekim, Parish. — Disteib. Marianne Islands, Timor. Leaf 4i-\0 in. diam., cuspidate, margin waved; petiole 4-8 in. Flowering stem stout, 6-12 in. ; raceme lax-fld. ; flowers pale green ; sepals f in. long, linear-lan- ceolate, acute ; petals rather narrower, obtuse ; lip shorter than the sepals, like that of P. carinata, but white, and glabrous. — Differs from carinata in the many-nerved leaf; the flowers are not readily distinguishable in dried specimens. In a drawing by Parish the lip is represented as saccate at the base, truncate at the apex, with three green medial nerves meeting in the apex, and many red side nerves. In his specimen the tip of the lip varies to rounded, the side lobes are rounded, not acute as in carinata, and its nerves are not rectangular but ascending, DOUBTPUL species. Pogonia No. 1, Griff. Notul. iii. 376 ; stem 4 in. 1-fld., flower 1 in. long, sepals linear-lanceolate acuminate pale purplish-brown, petals narrower, lip white 3- lobed, side lobes rounded -oblong denticulate, midlobe obovate crisped pubescent white spotted and veined with purple and with 2 green veins and a yellow-green crest from the middle downwards, margins papillose. — Fields at Suddyah, in Upper Assam, smell of violets. 99. DZDVIVEOPZiEXXS, Griff. (Letjcorchis, Blume.) Slender (parasitic ?) leafless, tuberous herbs. Scape simple, flexuous ; flowers few, small, racemed; pedicels greatly elongate in fruit. Sepals dorsal and petals connate forming a 3-fid upper lip, lateral connate into an entire or 2-fid lower lip, forming a small mentum with the foot of the column. Lip inserted on the short foot of the column, very short, broad, entire, included, base and disk with small calli. Column long, narrowly 2-winged above and 2-toothed ; stigma broad ; anther low, shortly stipitate ; poUinia 2, reniform, bipartite, 4.P Capsules very long pedicelled.— Species 2 or 3, Indian, Malayan and Pacific. 122 oxLViii. OROHiDBiB. (J. D. Hooker.) [Didymoplexis. D. pallens, Grriff. in Galcutt. Journ. Nat. Hist. iv. 383, t. 17; Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xx. 311, t. 28 ; Kurz in Seem. Journ. Bat. 1866, 40 {excl. 8yn. Epihlema & Gastrodia). Leucorchis sylvatica, Blume Mus. Bat. i, 31 ; Orchid. Archijp. Ind. 147, tvith woodcut. Apetelon minutum, Wight Ic. t. 1758. Arethusa ecristata, Griff. Notul. iii. 378 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 343, 344. A. bengalensis, Sort. Bot. Gale. Epiphanes pallens, Eeichh. f. in Seem. Fl. Vit. 296. Lower Bengal ; from the foot of the Sikkim Himalaya to Calcutta. KuEG j in bamboo jungles, Jerdon. PeeAk, Scortechini, Wray. Boot branching and tuberous ; stem 4-6 in., sheaths loose. Racemes terminal, 4-8 fld. ; bracts broadly ovate ; flowers shortly pedicelled, dull yellow- white, perianth I in. diam. subcampanulate ; dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, hooded ; petals shorter and broader than the dorsal sepal, truncate, 3-nerved ; lateral sepals united to the middle, free portions obtuse ; lip stipitate, transversely or obcuneately oblong, membranous, with 3-median nerves between which the disk is papillose. Capsule 1-1^ in., erect, fusiform, pedicel 3-8 in. — Ridley 1. c. distinguishes his D. pallens from Blume's sylvatica by the entire lower lip of the latter, overlooking Blume's woodcut of the stflvatica, which represents it as 2-lobed. 100. GASTRODXA, Br. Terrestrial leafless brownish tuberous herbs; stem erect, sheathed. Flowers in lax racemes. Sepals connate with the petals into a ventricose 5-lobed tube slit anteriorly. Lip short, base adnate to the foot of the column and to the perianth, blade entire. Column usually long, narrowly 2-winged, foot short or 0; rostellum small; stigma prominent; anther tumid; pollinia ecaudate, free. — Species 7, Asiatic, Malayan and Australasian. 1. G. orobanclioides, Benth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 617 ; lip adnate to the tube of the perianth with a short sessile ovate obtuse free plane blade. BLoolc.f. Ic. Plant, t. 1852. Gamoplexis Falc. in Royle III. 364; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 384 ; G-. orobancboides, Falc. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xx. 293, 1. 13. Temperate Himalaya, alt. 7-8000 ft., from Kashmir to Garwhal, Falconer, &c. Hoot a large oblong or ellipsoid annulate tuber, parasitic by a small fibrous base to roots. Stem 10-24 in., usually very stout ; sheaths short, loose, truncate. Raceme loosely many-fld. ; bracts oblong, acute, variable in size ; flowers suberect, pedicels short; ovary turgid ; perianth |— | in. long, ventricose, base gibbous, lobes very short obtuse, sepaline rather longer than the petaline ; lip longer still, sessile, ovate, obtuscj recurved. Capsule f in., erect, turgid. 2. G. elata, Blume Mus. Bot. ii. 174 ; Orchid. Archip. Ind. 143, t. 53; claw of lip adnate to the perianth and furnished with a pair of large fleshy prominent calli, limb free ovate-oblong. Chumbi ; a Tibetan province east of Sikkim, King's Collector. — Distrib. Ohina, Japan. Habit, inflorescence and flowers of Q. orohanchoides, but differing in the lip, the adnate claw of which has an almost reniform callus on each side, whereas in the first-named species the position of the claw on the perianth is marked by two thickened lines. The Chumbi specimen is a bad one, but having examined many flowers of it and of the Japan plant, I have no reason to doubt their identity. Gastrodia.] oxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 123 3. Cr. jeLVSinioB., JEndl. Gen. Plant. 212; lip free from the tube of the perianth, blade broadly hastately cordate with two thickened ridges on the disk. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 384; Thwaites Enum. 311 ; Blume^ Orchid. Archip. Ind. 145 ; Mus. Bot. ii. 1^5. Epiphanes iavanica, Blume Bijdr. 421, t. 4. Ceylon ; near Ratnapoora, &c,, 'thwaites. I have seen no specimen of the Ceylon plant, only the copy of a drawing in the Peradeniya Garden, kindly made for me by Thwaites, but it gives no analysis. This represents a slender plant with few flowers, an almost globose perianth divided to about the middle, and not representing a specimen of what may be the Javan plant in Herb. Kew collected by Lobb. 4. Gr. ? Kasseltil, Blume Mus. Bot. ii, 175 ; Orchid. Archip. Ind. 145, t. 62, f. 5-8; stem 6 in. rather slender, flowers few broadly campanu- late ^ in. long, lip quite free, claw slender, limb suborbicular with a broad truncate tip. Peeak, Ic. Scortechini. — Distkib. Java. Without specimen either of Blume's or Scortechini's plants identification is impossible. 5. G-. exills, B-ooTcf. Ic. Plant, ined.; very slender, flowers minute, lip free sessile by a very small point ovate with 2 long wing-like lamellae on the middle of the disk. Khasia Mis. ; at Amwee in grassy places, alt. 3000 ft., J. B. H. S( T. T. Tuber -j-f in., oblong; stem 6-12 in., filiform. Bacemes few Sind\sLX-M. ; bracts ovate ; flowers (with ovary) \-^ in. long, erect, whitish ; perianth cylindric, very shortly 5-lobed ; sepaline lobes broad, obtuse ; petaline much smaller, rounded, fimbriate (or glandular) ; lip as long as the column, membi-anous, faintly 5-nerved, base rounded ; column acutely toothed at the truncate top. Capsule (unripe) ^ in. fusiform. — A very singular species ; diflBcult of analysis after having been dried. 100/1. VOANXA, Maxim. A low stout leafless herb ; stem with cucullate sheaths. Flowers race- mose, long and stoutly pedicelled. Sepals oblong, obtuse, fleshy. Petals broadly ovate. Lip sessile at the foot of the column, very shortly clawed, cymbiform, obtusely apiculate. Column short, broad, margined, mid- lobe triangular, side lobes erect ; stigma concave, transverse ; anther long- beaked, 2-celled ; pollinia 4, pulpy, sectile, attached in pairs to a viscid gland. IT. japonica, Maxim, in Bull. Acad. St. Petersh. xviii. 68; Mel. Biol. viii. 647 ; Benth. in Hook. Ic. PI. t. 1364. MuNNiPORE ; crest of Bareil range (S. W. of Japoo), alt. about 7000 ft., and on Kohima, Prain. — DiSTEiB. Japan. Brownish. white, glabrous. RootstocJc stout, branched. Stem 3-6 in., tortuous in the Munnipore plant, erect in the Japanese, as thick as a goose-quill ; sheaths i in., shortly rounded ; raceme short, 4-6 fld. ; bracts like the sheaths ; pedicel with ovary 1-lf in. ; sepals f in. long, and oblique obtuse petals many-nerved ; lip very shortly clawed, almost hemispheric, with a thickened apex and axis, a small con- cavity within the lip and four strong flexuous nerves on each side. Capsule 2-2J in. lonf^, stoutly pedicelled, erect, narrowly fusiform, ribs very stout. — Except in that the stems are sometimes curved, and the margins of the lip appear to be abruptly 124 oXLViii. ORCHiDEiB. (J. D. Hooker.) [Yoania. thickened towards the tip, I find nothing to distinguish this from the Japan plant j the column and anther are identical j I failed to find pollen. The flowers, black when dry, are so fragile that I had great diflaculty in making out their structure. 101. EPZPOGUBI, Gmelin. Terrestrial leafless brownish herbs ; root tuberous or coralloid ; stem erect, sheathed. Flowers laxly racemed. Sepals and petals subequal, free, narrow, erect or spreading. Lip sessile at the base of the column, superior or inferior, ovate, entire or 3-lobed, spurred, base broad, disk with rows of papillae. Column short, foot 0 ; stigma broad, prominent ; anther thickened, dorsally 2-celled ; pollinia 2, separately attached by a filiform strap to a small gland. — Species the following. 1. E. aphyllum, Swartz Summ. Veg. Scand. 1814 ; root branching, column cylindric, spur very large as long as the superior 3-lobed hp inflated incurved, JPalmstr. Svensk. Bot. t. 512 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 93; Reichh. Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. t. 468 ; JVees Gen. Fl. Germ. Monocot. iii. No. 23. E. Gmelini, Richard Orchid, Furop. Annot. 36 ; Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 383 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 176 ; Bot. Mag, t. 4821. Satyrium Epipogium, Linn. Syst. Veg. 676 ; Jacq. Fl. Austr. t. 84. Western Temperate Himalaya, alt. 6-8500 ft., Kashmir, Clarke; Simla, Thomson ; Garwhal, DutJiie. — Distrib. Europe, N. Asia. Stem 4-8 in., often very stout and swollen at the base ; sheaths 1-2, short, appressed, truncate or obtuse. Racemes 3-6-fld. ; bracts large, membranous, oblong, obtuse or acute ; flowers pale yellow or pinkish, spotted, ovary turgid ; sepals ^-f in. long and subequal petals lanceolate, margins involute ; lip oblong, whitish, with lines of red glandular warts, lateral lobes small, very variable in size j spur obtuse. 2. E. nutans^ Beichb. f. in Bonpland. 1857, 36; root an oblong tuber, spur straight shorter than the inferior entire lip. Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 177 ; Benth. Fl. Austral, vi. 308 ; E. roseum, Lindl. I. c. Galera nutans, Blume Bijdr. 415, t. 3 ; 3fus. Bot. ii. 187 ; Orchid. Archip. Ind. 139, t. 52 & 54 E ; G. rosea, Blume Mus. Bot. 188, & Orchid. Archip. Ind. 139; Podanthera pallida, Wight Ic. t. 1759. Ceratopsis rosea, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 383. Limodorum roseum, Don Prodr. 30. Tropical Himalaya; Nepal, WalUch; Sikkim, in hot valleys, J. D. B. Clarice. Khasia Mts., alt. 6000 ft., Mann. Deccan Peninsula, in the Wynaad, Jerdon. Ceylon, Thwaites. — Distrib, West Africa, Java, Australia. Root like a small potato. Stem 4-8 in., stout or slender ; sheaths several, short, inflated, truncate. Racemes few or many-fld. j bracts large, membranous, oblong, acute; flowers pale yellow or pinkish white, speckled or stained with pink; sepals and petals narrowly lanceolate, i-f in. long ; lip entire, disk with 2 or 3 glandular ridges. 102. CEPKAXiANTHERA, Richard. Terrestrial herbs, leafless and tuberous rooted, or with leafy stem and fibrous roots. Leaves sessile, plicate. Flowers suberect, spiked or racemed. Sepals and petals subsimilar, free, conniving. Lip included, erect from the base of the column, hypochile concave or saccate embracing the column, epicbile short. Column semi-terete, rostellum short or obso- lete ; stigma anticous ; anther erect ; pollinia 2, 2-partite. Capsule erect. — Species about 10, north temperate regions. Cephalanthera.] cxlviii. orchideji. (J. D. Hooker.) 126 C* ensifolia, Richard Orchid. Annot. 29 ; leaves ovate or lanceolate, bracts of the upper flowers much smaller than the almost glabrous ovaries, epichile triangular obtuse 5-ridged. Lindl. Gen, 8c Sp. Orchid. 412; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 172, 175; JBoiss. Fl. Orient, v. 85. C. Xypho- phyllum, Reichh. Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. t. 470. 0. acuminata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7405 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. I. c. ; Wight Ic. t. 1721 ; Bene, in Jacquem. Voy. Bot. 164, t. 104. Tempebate Himalaya ; alt. 6-12,000 ft., from Kashmir to Bhotan. — DiSTBlB. Europe, Western Siberia, and from Afghanistan to Northern Africa. RootstoeJc creeping ; stem 6-18 in. Leaves lower lanceolate or oblong, acute or obtuse, upper linear. Raceme laxly 6-20-fld., glabrous j bi-acts ovate, acute ; flowers ^-| in . long, white or lip spotted with yellow ; sepals lanceolate, acute ; petals elliptic, obtuse ; ridges of lip crested. SPECIES UNKNOWN TO ME. C. Thomsoni, Reichh.f. inLinncea, xli. 54 ; a span high, leaves (of C. grandiflora) oblong acute, upper linear-lanceolate, bracts linear-lanceolate, lower much longer than the flowers, sepals oblong-ligulate acute, petals narrower, lip expanded at the base into a very short conical sac trifid, side lobes broadly ligulate crenulate, midlobe oval transverse with a deflexed apioulus, keels two in the entire base lamellate, with many small papillae between the posticous lacinise. — Sikkim, T. Thomson., 1857. — C. cucullata, Boiss. Held, differs in the shorter hypochile with short quite entire lacinise, in the median nerves of the epichile keeled to the tip, in the keels not lamelliform, and in the conico-cylindric spur being thrice as long. — (The above is from Reichenbach. I have examined no Cephalanthera answering to the descrip- tion, nor, as I am informed by King, is there any in the Calcutta Herbarium, whence Reichenbach's specimens must have been sent to him.) 108. EPXPACTZS, Br. Terrestrial leafy erect herbs. Leaves sessile, plaited. Flowers racemose, pendulous ; bracts long, leafy. Sepals and |)e^aZ* broad, acuminate, strongly- nerved. Lip sessile on the base of the column; hypochile concave or saccate, epichile contracted at the base, entire. Column short ; stigma anticous ; rostellum broad, prominent ; anther erect, obtuse, cells contiguous ; poUinia 2, 2-partite, gland globose. — Species 8 or 10, of the temperate N. hemisphere. Lindley {in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 172) is disposed to refer all the Himalayan species to states of ^. latifolia, in which I do not concur. 1. B. latifolia, Swartz in Act. Holm. 1800, 232 ; flowers subsecund glabrous or nearly so, lip short, hypochile subglobose, epichile as long or shorter ovate-cordate, base with 2 calli. Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp.. Orchid. 461 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 87; Reichh. Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. t. 134-136. E. macro- stachya, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7404; E. consimilis, Don Frodr. 28. E. Dalhousiee, Wight Ic. t. 1723. Tempebate Himalaya, from Kashmir, alt. 6500-10,000 ft., to Sikkim, alt. 10-11,000 ft. — DiSTEiB. Europe, N. Africa, N. Asia to Japan, Siem 1-3 ft., stout, puberulous above. Leaves 3-5 by 2-3 in., usually from orbicular to ovate-lanceolate rarely lanceolate, often with ciliolate margins, flowers ^-| in. diam, in often crowded bractate racemes, green variegated with yellow white or purple. Column very short. Var. herhacea; smaller, leaves elliptic acute, raceme dense-fld., flowers ^ in. diam. glabrous pale greenish white. E. herbacea, Lindl. in Boyle III. 368 ; Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 462. — Western Himaluya. 126 cxLviii. ORCHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [EjjipacUs. Var. Thomsoni j small, slender, leaves lanceolate recurved margins quite glabrous, raceme lax-fld., flowers ^ in. diam. quite glabrous. E. macrostachya, Wight Ic. t. 1722 {not of Lindl.)— Western Tibet, alt. 10-11,000 ft., Thomson.— Wight does not know the origin of his specimen, which is a very bad one. Var. intrusa ; very slender, leaves few small, flowers few very distant, epichile without calli, E. intrusa, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 175. — Sikkim, alt. 11,000 ft., J. D. H. This is hardly more than a starved state of JE?. latifolia, with which it grew. 2. E. consimills, Wall. Cat. 7403 (not of Don) ; raceme lax-fld., flowers large pubescent or tomentose, lip nearly as long as the sepals, hypochile narrow oblong, epichile longer lanceolate inflexed at the base then re- curved. E. veratrifolia, Boiss. & Hohen. Diagn. Ser. 1, xiii. 11 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 87. Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 174. E. amoena, Serb. Mam. Westeen Tempeeate Himalaya ; from Peshawur and Kashmir to Nepal. — DiSTEiB. westward to Syria. Stem 1-2 ft., rather slender, pubescent above. Leaves 4-7 in., lanceolate, acuminate. Raceme lax-fld. j bracts long, rarely short; flowers 1-1^ in. diam., distant, long-pedicelled, pubescent or ovary tomentose, greenish; column much longer than in E. latifolia. — Lindley- is no doubt right in referring Don's E. con- similis to JE. latifolia. A drawing by Jerdon of a plant grown on limestone rocks, overhanging water at Saugor in Malwah closely resembles this. ' 3. S. Royleana^ Lindl. in Royle Lll. 868 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 461 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 174; raceme lax-fld. puberulous, hypochile large sac- cate very much broader than the ovate or ovate-lanceolate epichile. ? E. americana, Lindl. in Ann. 8c. Nat. iv. 386 ; Gen Sf Sp. Orchid. 462. E. gigantea, Dougl. mss. in Sooh. Fl. Bot. Am. ii. 220, t. 202. Cephalanthera Royleana, Begel in Act. Sort. Petrop. vi. 490 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 85. Tempeeate Himalaya ; from Kashmir, alt. 7000 ft. to Sikkim, alt. 8-12,000 ft.— DiSTEiB. Samarcand ? N. America. Stem 1-2 ft. Leaves from lanceolate to orbicular, 4-7 by 1-1^ in., margins eciliolate. Raceme 6-10 in.; flowers distant, 1 in. diam., green with a yellowish (or reddish?) lip; bracts long, lanceolate. — The very broad strongly many-nerved hypochile, broader than long, with rounded erect sides, are unlike any other species but B. americana, which I suspect is the same, and if so, the latter is the earliest name. Lindley's description is taken from a very bad specimen, in which the epichile is constricted in the middle, probably by accident, as this organ contracts much in drying. Eegel cites Lindley's Bjpip. Boyleana for his Ceph. Eoi/leana, and gives Samarcand as a locality. Tribe IV. Opheyde^. (See Yol. v. p. 673.) 104. ORCHIS^ Terrestrial erect leafy herbs, with entire oblong or palmately lobed tubers. Leaves sheathing, not plicate. Floivers racemed or spicate. Sepals free, subequal, lateral spreading, or conniving in a hood with the petals and dorsal. Petals usually smaller. Lip shortly adnate to the column, spreading or pendulous, spurred, entire or 3-lobed. Column very short, rostellum cupular or saccate ; anther adnate to the face of the column, cells parallel or converging below ; pollinia 2, caudicles adnate to 1 or 2 glands, which are concealed in one pouch formed by the rostellum. — Species about 80, of north temperate regions, and the Mascarene Islands. With the exception of 0. latifolia, I do not feel confident that the species here Orchis.'] cxLviiT. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) 127 below referred to Orchis are referable to that genus. This is owing to my inability to determine satisfactorily in specimens that have been pressed, the structure of the minute rostellum, and its relation to the glands of the pollinia. Moreover, as stated under Sahenaria, I have in various minute flowered species of that genus been unable to determine whether the glands are hidden between folds of the rostellum, or are covered by pouches or a flap of that organ. Careful drawings of the column and anther, and a comparative study of the extra Indian species are wanted, in order to describe them with accuracy. 1. O." latifolia, Linn. Sp. PI. 1334; tubers palmate, leaves erect oblong linear-oblong or lanceolate, spike cylindric dense-fld., bracts green acuminate usually much exceeding the flowers, lateral sepals ovate reflexed, lip oblong or rbomboid crenate entire or very obtusely 3-lobed sides de- flexed, spur stout equalling or shorter than tlae ovary pendulous. Boiss. Fl.~ Orient, v. 71 ; Reichh. Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. t. 50. O. latifolia, B indica, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 260. O. Hatagirea, Bon. Prodr. 23 ; Wall. Cat. 7062. Westehn Temperate Himalaya ; from Nepal to Kashmir, and in Western Tibet, alt. 8-12,000 ft. (16,000 ft., Heyde.) — Distrib. Westward from Afghanistan to N. Africa and the Atlantic, N. Asia. Stem 1-3 ft., usually fistular, leafy upward. Leaves many, 2-6 in., often spotted in Europe, tip flat or concave. Spike 1-6 in. ; flowers about f in. from dorsal sepal to tip of lip, dull purple; sepals and petals acute or obtuse; lip spotted with darker purple, midlobe small or obsolete; spur straight or curved. — The Himalayan speci- mens have, as far as I can make out from dried specimens, the leaves unspotted and tip^ concave, and are therefore referable to the European var. incarnata{0. incarnata, Linn.). Lindley*s var. indica is characterized as having larger flowers, a rounded sub-lobed lip shorter than the spur, which is as long as the ovary. Lindley is dis- posed to refer some of the specimens from IJ'.-W. India to 0. maculafa, but the lip in these is not lobed as in the European plant. 0. latifolia is as variable in India as in Europe, from slender to very robust, with a lax or dense-fld. spike, and bracts equalling to or much longer than the flowers. 2. O. Chusua, Don. Prodr. 23 ; leaves few linear or linear-lanceolate acute, spike very short, bracts longer than the ovaries green, lateral sepals reflexed, dorsal much smaller orbicular, lip longer than the sepals broadly obovate 3-lobed, spur as long as the ovary stout cylindric obtuse. Gymna- deria Chusua, Lindl in Wall. Cat. 7058 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 280. G. puberula, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7059. Alpine Himalaya ; alt. 10-13,000 ft., Kumaon, Luthie ; Nepal, Wallich. SiKKIM, J. D. TT.y &c. Very variable in height and stoutness, 3-18 in., flexuous. Tubers oblong, entii'e. Leaves 1-3, rarely more, 3-6 by ^-f in., almost filiform in very alpine forms. Spike 2-4 in., 2-many.fld. ; bracts ^-f in., lanceolate, acuminate; flowers |~f in. diam., white or purple ; lateral sepals oblong-lanceolate, suberect ; petals shorter, spreading, oblong, obtuse ; lip variable in breadth, often broader than long, lobes spreading, broad, rounded, erose or crenate, rarely oblong with the midlobe retupe ; spur thin-walled, slightly incurved, tip sometimes clavate; anther-cells parallel. 3. O. spathulata, Beichb. f. mss. \ leaf solitary radical elliptic, spike few-fld., bracts much larger than the flower, sheaths leafy, sepals subequal lateral suberect, lip obovate not longer than the sepals entire or obscurely 3-lobed, spur shorter than the ovary stout. Sook.f. Ic. Plant ined. Gymnadenia spathulata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 280. 128 cxLViii. OROHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Orchis. Alpine Himalaya ; alt. 11-13,000 ft. j Kumaon and Garwhal, Boyle, Duthie, SiZKIM, /. D. S. Stem very short, sheathed ; root elongate, stout, branching into thick fibres. Leafl-S in, sessile or petioled, obtuse, fleshy, base narrowed. Scape 2-5 in., very stout, flexuous ; flowers 2-4, dark purple, ^ in. diam. ; bracts f-1 in., ovate, obtuse ; dorsal sepal ovate, obtuse, lateral oblong, subacute ; petals ascending, elliptic, obtuse ; lip variable in breadth, from elliptic to cuneate-obovate, crenulate, spur variable in length, stout, obtuse ; anther -cells parallel. 4. O. Stracheyi« Hooh.f.Ic. PI. ined.\ leaf solitary radical elliptic or obovate, spike few-fld., bracts longer than the flowers leafy, sepals subeqnal lateral suberect, lip longer than the sepals broadly cuneate 3-lobed to the middle, lobes obtuse, spur as long as the ovary stout incurved obtuse. Western Himalaya; Garwhal, near Kogile, alt. 11,000 ft., Strachey and Winterhottom (No. 35 Gymnad. puberula.) This has the solitary leaf of 0. spathulata, and the flowers of 0. Chusua, can it be a hybrid ? 105. KERMZNXUM, Linn. Terrestrial small erect tuberous herbs ; tubers oblong, undivided. Leaves solitary or few. Flowers small, spicate. Sepals subequal, 1-nerved, free or conniving in a hood, the lateral spreading. Petals smaller or nearly as large, often thick and fleshy. Lip continuous with the base of the column, shorter or longer than the sepals, broad or narrow, spreading or pendulous, entire or 2-3-fid, base flat concave or very shortly saccate. Column very short; stigma 2-lobed or with 2 globose or clavate processes; rostellum short ; anther adnate to the face of the column, cells parallel or slightly diverging below; pollinia 2, caudicles very short, glands naked, small or large, or with each gland and its caudicle sheathed by a conical naked coriaceous extinguisher-like shiny brown appendage. — Species 6 or 8, European and N. Asiatic. There is no character by which Herminium can be distinguished from Rahenaria, except that the lip has never a spur, only a gibbous sac. S. fallax & Duthiei, and some other species appear to me to be referable to either genus, but these from habit and locality I retain here. The glands of the pollinia vary extraordinarily in the several species, from small and orbicular, to extinguisher-like bodies, truncate, hollow, coriaceous, brown, shining, and sometimes split down one side. The caudicle appears to be inserted at the bottom of this organ, which is a development of the gland itself ; it is exposed at the base of the anther-cell, and like the ordinary gland, is removable with the pollinium. The Indian Herminia are all mountain or alpine, and attain the greatest elevation of any orchids. * Lip d-lobed. . 1. K. BKonorchis, Br. in Sort. Kew. Ed. 2, v. 191 ; leaves 2 rarely 3 linear-oblong, flowers decurved, bracts equalling the ovary or shorter, petals ovate hardly longer than the sepals, lip hardly longer than the sepals 3-fid, lobes narrow. Lindl. Gen. Sc'Sp. Orchid. 305 ; Boiss. Fl. Orient, v. 82. Beichh. Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. t. 415. Ophrys Monorchis, Linn. Sp. PL 1342. Alpine Himalaya and Westeen Tibet, alt. 10-13,000 ft., from Kashmir to Sikkim. — Disteib. Europe, N. Asia. Four to ten in. high ; root ellipsoid. Leaves 1-4 in. Scape naked, rarely 2- leaved or 1 sheathed; spike 1-2 in. ; flowers subsecund, i- in. diam., yellow-green ; Herminium.'} cxlViii. ORCfliDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 129 musky at night ; sepals and petals subconnivent ; sepals oblong, obtuse ; petals un- equal-sided towards the base, tips fleshy ; lobes and lip narrow, base concave ; rostellum prominent between the base of the anther-cells. 2. K. angrustifoliuiu, Bentk. mss. ; tall, leaves elongate linear, spike very long slender many-fld., bracts equalling the ovary or shorter, flowers decurved, petals linear very narrow 1-nerved, lip linear equalling the sepals in length or longer narrow trifid beyond the middle, side lobes filiform, midlobe very short. Aceras angustifolia, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7061 ; Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 232 ; Bot. Reg. under t. 1525 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 43 ; Boi/le III. t. 87 ; Wight Ic. t. 1691. H. longicrnris, Wright in Mem. Acad. Philad. Ser. 2, vi. 411. — Thisbe, Falc. in Lindl. Veg. Kingd. 183, c (name only). Temperate Himalaya, from 4-8000 ft. in the North West, and 6-15,000 ft. {Clarice) in Sikkim. Khasia Hills, alt. 6-6000 ft. Upper Assam, in the Naga Hills, alt. 7000 ft., Clarke^ Frain. Tenasserim Parish. — Distrib. China, Man- churia, Japan. Stout or slender, 1-3 ft. high, 1 or several leaved. Leaves scattered, 2-8 in., acute, rarely ^ in. broad. Spike 2-10 in. ; flowers often very many, subsecund ; perianth connivent, xtj-|^ in. diam., green ; sepals oblong, obtuse ; petals membranous, acute ; lip from as long to twice as long as the sepals or more, base not concave, lateral lobes very slender. Anther-cells parallel, poUinia clavate, glands large, staminodes large spreading ; stigmatic lobes obscure or 0 ; rostellum minute, 2-lobed. Capsule ^ in., erect, oblong, turgid. — Has in Sikkim an extraordinary range in altitude. 3. H. fallax, Sook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; slender, leaves 1-2 towards the middle of stem linear or linear-lanceolate, spikes many-fld. subsecund, bracts longer than the short decurved* ovaries, sepals spreading oblong- or ovate-lanceolate broader than the erect narrow fajcate petals, lip shorter than the sepals obtusely 3-lobed, sac incurved subdidymous subglobose or clavellate with an inflated tip. Peristylns fallax, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 298. Herminum fallax, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7412. Cybele, JFalc. in Lindl. Veg. JKingd. 193, c. C. alpina, Falc. mss. Alpine and Sub-Alpine Himalaya, alt, 7-12,000 ft., from Garwhal to Sikkim. Very variable in height, from 4-18 in. ; stem with long tubular sheaths at the base, and one or two lanceolate sheaths above the leaf. Leaves usually solitary about the middle of the stem, 2-5 by ^-1 in., acute, sometimes two subopposite towards the base of the stem. Scape naked; spike 2-5 in., lax or dense fld. j lower bracts f in. or less, lanceolate ; ovary ^-^ in., shortly beaked ; sepals i in., 1-nerved, and petals variable in absolute and relative breadth ; lip short and fleshy or narrower, thin, and with distinct nerves, base of limb truncate at the short broad concave claw ; anther very small, cells parallel, tubes 0 ; pollinia ovoid, of few very large grains, sessile in the large solid shining glands which are exposed, one on side of the inconspicuous rostellum j stigmatic processes very short, subglobose. ** Lip entire. Bracts short in all hut H. gramineum. 4. H. Josephl; EeichJ). f. in Flora ly. (1872) 276 ; stout, leaves 2 rarely 3 lanceolate or oblanceolate, bracts minute, flowers large ^ in. diam. suberect, sepals and petals erect, lip broadly ovate acute. H. grandiflorum, Lindl. in Herl. Ind. Or. E.f. Sc T. Sikkim Himalaya, alt. 11-14,000 ft., J. D. H. Plant, 5-12 in. high. Leaves 3-5 by ^1 in., obtuse acute or acuminate. Spike 1-4 in. ; flowers ^ in. diam., not secund ; bracts much shorter than the gibbous ovary ; sepals 3-nerved, lateral falcately ovate, base rounded; petals as long, ovate, tips narrowed thickened obtuse ; lip larger than the sepals, flat, with a thickened VOL. IV. K 130 cxLYiii. OBCHiDEJi:. (J. D. Hooker.) [Ilerminium. midrib and point ; anther-cells spreading at the base, pollinia clavate, terminating in horn-shaped or conical rigid truncate pouches, which embrace the caudicle gland and base of the pollinium ; stigmatic processes obsc^tre ; rostellum small. — 1 do not find the single lanceolate sheath under the spike described by Reichenbach. 5. Hi Duthiei^ Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves 2 towards the middle or base of the stem linear or oblanceolate, spike many-fld. sub- secund, bracts much shorter than the short ovaries, sepals obtuse, dorsal broadly oblong, lateral smaller, subfalcate petals ovate-lanceolate fleshy, lip as long triangular or orbicular-ovate entire subacute or obtuse, sac globose. Western Himalaya; Garwhal, near the Khasi Pass, alt. 11-12,000 ft., Duthie. Whole plant, with the spike, 4-6 in. Leaves shorter than the scape, acuminate. Scape stout, curved, naked ; spike 2-4 in. ; ovaries ^ in., turgid, curved, almost beaked ; perianth i in diam. ; lip variable in form, as large as the sepals, sometimes orbicular with a contracted point, base with a narrow chink opening into the spur ; anther oblong, cells parallel, pollinia clavate sessile on the conical truncate horny glands or caps of the glands ; staminodes large, spreading ; stigmatic processes clavate, large ; rostellum subulate, erect. 6. K. congrestum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7068 ; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 305 ; in Journ. Linn. Soc. iii. 43 ; leaves 1-3 oblanceolate, scape elongate, spike many-fld., bracts minute, flowers minute decurved, sepals obtuse, dorsal broadly ovate, lateral oblong, petals rather longer acute, lip ovate or triangular-ovate fleshy acute, base saccate. H. unalaschcense, Beichh. f. Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. 107, t. 418. Habenaria Schischmareffiana. Ghamiss. in LinncBa, iii. 29. Platanthera Schischmareffiana, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orchid. 286. Neottia macrophylla, Don Prodr. 27. Spirantbes macro- phylla & unalaschcensjg, Spreng. Syst. iii. 708. Alpine Himalaya ; Nepal, Wallich j Sikkim, alt. 11-16,000 ft., J. B. H. DiSTRiB. Aleutian Islds. Stem 6-18 in., leafy towards the base or upwards. Leaves 3-6 by ^-f in. Scape rather stout, naked above ; spike 2-4 in. ; ovary short, gibbous, longer than the ovate bracts ; flowers ^-^ in. diam. ; dorsal sepal orbicular, lateral broadly oblong ; petals ovate, equalling the sepals, fleshy ; lip fleshy, variable in breadth j sides some- times almost dilated into lobes, base very distinctly saccate ; anther-cells parallel, pollinia subglobose, caudicles short inserted in large spur-like corneous body split on one side ; stigma obscure ; rostellum minute, erect. Capsule \ in. erect, twisted. 7. H. pug'ioniforxne, Lindl. mss. ; leaf solitary elongate-spathulate obtuse, spike few-fld., bracts minute orbicular, flowers minute suberect, petals oblong- ovate, lip dagger-shaped, base dilated. Alpine Himalaya ; Kashmir, alt. 12,000 ft., AitcMson ; Garwhal, alt. 14-15,000 ft., Duthie ; Sikkim, alt. 15-16,000 ft., J. D. H. Plant 2-5 in. high. Leaf shorter than the scape, ^-f in. broad. Scape rather stout; bracts very small; flowers minute, -y\ in. diam.; dorsal sepal orbicular, lateral very broad obtuse ; petals smaller ; lip hardly longer than the sepals. — Very near congestum, but I think ditterent, the flowers appear to be nearly erect. 8. K. orbicularej Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; stem very slender 1-2- leaved and with minute subulate sheaths, bracts minute, flowers very minute secund, sepals orbicular-oblong obtuse dorsal smaller, petals broadly oblong, lip orbicular fleshy with a pit towards the centre and gibbous beneath. Sikkim Himalaya ; Rungboo in the Chumbi Valley, King's Collector. Herm.mium,'] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D, Hooker.) 131 Stem with spike 4-6 in. Leaves 2, towards the base of the stem, 1-1^ in. long, oblanceolate ; bracts much shorter than the ovaries which are i in. long, curved ; flowers -Jg- in. diam. ; sepals and petals 1-nerved, all membranous ; anther-cells rather divergent, [oUinia clavate, gland orbicular translucent; stigiuatic processes obscure ; rostellum minute. — A very distinct little species, but the flowers are so minute that I cannot satisfactorily analyze the column. 9. K. g-ramineuxn, lAndl. in Wall. Cat. 7418 ; Gen. Sc. Sp. Orchid. 305 ; very slender, 1-leaved, spike lax-fid., flov^rers minute secund saberect, bracts subulate equalling the ovary, petals erect linear subfalcate, lip ovate acuminate equalling or shorter than the sepals. Royle III. t. 87. Neottia monophylla, Don Prodr. 27. Spiranthes monophylla, Spreng. 8yst. Veg. iii. 709. Western and Central Himalaya j Nepal, Wallich; Kuraaon and Garwhal, alt. 5-8000 ft. Plant 2-6 in. Lea/ linear, acute, as long as the scape or longer. Sjpilce 1-3 § in. ; rachis striated with rough ridges ; perianth y^^-^ in. diam. ; dorsal sepal oblong or broadly ovate, lateral ovate obtuse spreading ; petals as long as the sepals, obtuse, tbick; lip flat, with a concave base, variable in breadth, slightly saccate beneath ; anther-cells parallel, pollinia subglobose, caudicles short, glands large shining coria- ceous brown ; stigmatic processes low ; rostellum very large, as long as the anther, recurved, retuse, fleshy. 106. KABENARZA, Willd. Terrestrial leafy Kerbs with undivided or lobed tubers, and fleshy radical fibres. Leaves not plaited, bases Sheathing. Flowers spicate or racemed. Sepals subequal or the dorsal shortest, lateral ascending spread- ing reflexed or deflexed. Petals smaller or larger, simple or cleft (sect. Ate). Lip continuous with the base o£ the column, entire 3-lobed- or 3-partite, base spurred. Anther adnate to the very short column, cells parallel or divergent below, bases often produced into a long or short tube ; pollinia clavate or pyriform ; caudicle long, short, or 0, somt-times winged, glands exposed, rarely overlapped by the rostellum ; staminodes granular surfaces on the side of the anther, rarely elongate ; stigma a single or double viscid area on the column below the anther, or two globose or clavate processes ; rostellum usually small and erect between the cells of the anther, rarely wholly obsolete. — Species about 400, temperate and tropical. After devoting many months to the examination of the Indian species of JSdhenaria, I propose the following grouping of them into sections as tentative only. 1 accept Bentham's view, tbat the genera wliich be has brought under it (in Gen. Plant.) cannot be separated from one another by natural or artificial characters. To these Herminium should be added, were it not for the consequent disturbance of much nomenclature and the multiplication of synonyms ; and so should also be Diplomeris and Hemipilia, which, though they have recognizable differential charac- ters, these are of less importance than those of the four last sections here adopted. Of all the floral organs of the genus, that of the rostellum is the most difficult of analysis ; and in the minute flowered species especially, of definition also. In respect of its relation to the glands of the pollinia it is often in moistened herbarium specimens impossible to determine whether the rostellum nearly overlaps these, or holds them exposed between its folds, or forms pouches beneath them, or a flap over them. By means alone of careful drawings of the rostellum of all the species made from living plants, can its modifications of form be understood ; but 1 doubt whether even this will help much towards the classification of the spebies, for I think its value in this respect has been greatly overrated in both Ophr^/dca and Vandece. K 2 132 oxLviii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Habenaria. The structure of the stigma has been compendiously described by Bentham in the Journal of the Linnsean Society (xviii. 356), and I agree with him in thinking that to found genera on the modifications or even in the presence or absence of processes, would lead to a violation of affinities. For observations on the Indian species referred to Orchis, see that genus. The characters which I have taken for the primary groups, marked A and B, of lateral sepals reflexed spreading or deflexed, and erect or ascending, are in most cases obvious ; but in dried specimens of some species placed in Sect. V. it is difficult to say whether the lateral sepals are reflexed naturally or accidentally, or whether, though erect in early flowering, they afterwards spread. The root and its tubers require investigation throughout the genus. The staminodes present great variety ; in most species they are mere warts on the sides of the anther, but in several not otherwise allied they are linear or styliform processes, attached either to the anther or base of the column, as in Diphylax and Dithrix. At the end of the genus I have placed four monotypic sections founded on plants differing remarkably in habit from any of their congeners ; some of these will, I expect, eventually be regarded (and rightly) as monotypic genera, but in my present imperfect knowledge of any but the Indian species of this very large genus, I prefer keeping them as 'sections, awaiting their confirmation as genera under the authority of a monographer of the whole tribe of Ophrydece. Key to the Sections. A. Lateral sepals spreading deflexed or reflexed. In some small -flowered species of Sect. v. Peristylus, the lateral sepals appear to be spreading or deflexed during or after flowering, and might hence be placed in Sect. iii. Sect. I. Ate. Petals truncate 2-fid or 2-partite. lAp 3-lobed or -partite. (Sp. 1-14.) Sect. II. Platyglossa. Petals entire. Lip 3-lobed or -partite, side lobes broad (narrow in H. platypJiylla) petaloid, mid-lobe narrow. (Sp. 15-34.) Sect. III. Trimeroglossa. Petals entire. Lip 3-partite, side lobes very narrow, entire, usually filiform (lip entire in Peloria forms of If. Mandersii and reniformis). (Sp. 35-66.) Sect. IV. HoLOGLOssA. Petals entire. Lip entire, linear. (Sp. 37-66.) B. Lateral sepals erect, or ascending parallel to the dorsal and petals, or forming a hood with these, rarely at length spreading or dejlexed. Sect. Y. Peristylus. Petals entire. Lip usually 3-fid or 3-partite (entire in S. breviloba). — Flowers usually very small, and petals broader than the lateral sepals and often fleshy ; spur rarely exceeding the ovary, usually very short or saccate. (Sp. 67-99.) Sect. YI. Phyllostachta. Petals entire. Lip broad, entire, petaloid ; spur conico-infundibular. Flowers large, in the axils of sheathing leaves ; stigmatic processes 0; rostellum obscure. (See also 32. S. trijlora.) (Sp. 100-102.) aberrant species (or genera?) of group b. YII. Plectoglossa. Flowers large, in the axils of imbricating leaves. Lip coriaceous, clawed, 3-fid, longitudinally 3-plicate in bud, spur long slender. Stigmatic processes large, rhomboid ; rostellum broad, triangular. (Sp. 103.) Hahenaria.'] o?:lviii. orchidea (J. D. Hooker.) 133 YIII. DiPHYLAX. Flowers small, secund ; lip entire ; spur short, fusi- form. Anther with a setiform staminode on each side as long as itself. (Sp. 104) IX. DiPYLA. Flowers small, secund. Lip S-^d, spur inflated. Pol- linia sessile on a single large obcordate gland seated in a sinus of the broad 2-lobed rostellum. Stigmatic jprocesses %msu\\. (Sp. 105.) X. DiTHRix. Flowers small, secund, tubular; sepals petals and lip coherent at the base. Lip oblong, 3-fid, base saccate. Staminodes 2, filiform, capitate, inserted on the back of the anther. Stigma a transverse cushion; rostellum a transverse plate below the anther. (Sp. 106.) Sect. 1. Ate. See p. 132. * Petals truncate or 2-fid. 1. K. lucida, Wall.in Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 314 ; leaves fascicled towards the base of the tall scape, sepals cymbiform, petals subpanduriform truncate. Platanthera lucida, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7047. Pbgit; at Rangoon, Wallich. Tenasserim, at Moulmein, FarisA. — Distrib. Siam. Leaves 4-8 by 2-2^ in., petioled, obovate or oblanceolate. Scape with the very lax-fld. raceme 12-20 in. ; bracts broadly ovate, half as long as the slender pedicelled beaked ovary, or longer, tips subulate ; flowers J ip. diam., greenish; lateral sepals reflexed, obtuse ; petals smaller and narrower, contracted below the truncate end ; lip subequally 3-partite, midlobe narrow 3-nerved thick, rather longer than the sepals, lateral as long spreading and incurved j spur slender, curved, nearly as long as the ovary or longer, mouth with a short ligulej anther-cells short, erect, approximate, tubes short upcurved ; pollinia pyriform, gland long narrow j stig- matic processes short, clavate j rostellum minute. 2. K. barbata, Wight in Wall. Cat. 7034; stem leafy, petals 2-fid pubescent. Ate virens, Lindl. Gen. &^ Sp. Orchid. 327; Wight Ic. t.-928; Thwaites Enum. 309. Travancore ; in the Pulney and Dindyghal Mts., Wight. Ceylon ; in the Maturatta district. Stem 10-12 in. Leaves 3-5 in., erect, lanceolate, acuminate. Bacemes few- fld. J bracts large, sheathing, as long as the flowers, or longer ; flowers f in. diam., green ; lateral sepals narrowly falcate, acuminate ; petals much broader, base rounded, upper lobe much the longest, tips filiform, lower broad acuminate, sinus rounded ; lip longer than the sepals, scabrid, limb linear, trifurcate at the end, the segments subulate ; spur as long as the ovary, mouth with a very long recurved ligule ; anther-cells parallel, tubes as long as the cells upcurved, pollinia clavate, caudicles very long, glands small ; stigmatic processes very long spreading ; rostellum minute. Capsule | in. long, linear-oblong. 3. K. acuminata J Thwaites in Trim. Cat. Geyl. PL 91 ; stem leafy, petals 2-fid glabrous. Ate acuminata, Thwaites Enum. 309. Ceylon ; in the central province, Walker^ Thwaites. Stem 1-2 ft. Leaves 2-4 in., erect, lanceolate, and as well as the large cymbiform bracts setaceously acuminate. Racemes elongate, lax-fld. ; flowers subsecund, ^ in. diam., green; lateral sepals broadly ovate, obtuse; upper lobe of petals slender exceeding the dorsal sepal and about twice as long as the subulate lower ; lip as long as the sepals, broadly 3-lobed, dark purple, lobes broad fleshy obtuse very variable in length ; anther -cells spreading below, tubes recurved, pollinia clavate, as long as their caudicles, glands minute j stigmatic processes large, globose ; rostellum small, triangular. 134 cxLviii. OR0HIDEJ8. (J. D. Hooker.) [Habenaria, ** Petals 2-partite. f Stem leafy upwards. Eacemes many-fld. § Sepals with filiform tips. 4. K. stenopetala, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 319 (not 324) ; tall, leaves oblong or ovate-lanceolate base narrowed or broad and amplexicanl, raceme dense-fld., bracts as long as the ovaries, segments of petals slender equal or the lower shorter, segments of tripartite lip filiform, spur long slender equalling the ovary. North West India; road to Kashmir, Royle. Sikzim Himalaya, alt. 3-6000 ft., J. B. S. &c. Upper Assam; thel^agahills, Griffith, Prain. Lower Bengal; at Mymensing, Clarke. Oeissa ; at Singboom, Clarke. The Concan ; Stocks, &c. Stem 1-2 ft., stout. Leaves, 6-8 in., base contracted into a broad petiole or sessile. Raceme short, 4-6 in. ; bracts membranous; flowers very variable in size, greenish ; sepals oblong-lanceolate, i-J in. long, membranous, 3-nerved, filiform tips as long as the blade or shorter ; lou'er segment of the petals sometimes obsolete ; segments of lip very variable, the lateral sometimes as long or longer than the middle one, at others they are much shorter and subulate ; spur equalling the ovary ; anther-cells narrow, parallel, tubes nearly as long as the cells; caudicles of pollinia slender, glands small ; stigmatic processes elongate, clavate ; rostellum large, triangular, erect. Capsule ^-f in., linear-oblong. — A very variable plant ; the flowers of the Orissa and Bengal specimens are remarkably small ; of some Sikkim ones also very small. 5. K. xnacrostachya, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 307 ; leaves large crowded above the middle of the robust stem, raceme lax-fld., bracts equal- ling the ovary, segments of petals subequal filiform, segments of 3-partite lip subequal filiform, spur shorter than the ovary. Thwaites Enum. 309. Teavancore ; on the Anamallay hills, Beddome (in Herb. Calcutt.). Ceylon, Macrae, alt. 4000 ft., Thwaites. Stem 2 ft. Leaves 5-7 in., obovate or oblanceolate, acute, broadly petioled. Raceme 6-8 in. ; bracts and ovary very narrow; sepals f in. long; petals and lip spotted with red ; lip longer than the sepals, spur very slender, thickened down- wards ; anther-tubes as long as the parallel cells, suberect, pollinia pyriform, glands minute ; stigmatic processes long, slender, adnate to the mouth of the lip ; ros- tellum small. — The spur is stoutest in the Travancore specimen. 6. K. andamanica, Koolc. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; leaves crowded towards the middle of the stout stem, raceme lax-fld., bracts rather shorter than the ovary, upper segment of petals very slender, lower broader divided above the middle into 3 filiform laciniEe, side lobes of lip palmately multifid, midlobe linear 3-fid, spur shorter than the ovary. Andaman Islands ; Parish. Stem 12-18 in. Leaves 3-4 in., ovate-lanceolate, acute. Raceme 6-8 in.; bracts lanceolate; ovary 1:^ in., very slender; sepals ^ in. long; laciniaj of mid- lobe of lip filiform ; anther-cells parallel, tubes rather shorter than the cells ; glands of pollinia minute ; stigmatic processes subcyl^ndric, elongate; rostellum erect. §§ Sepals without filiform tips. 7. H. digritata, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 307 ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, raceme laxly many-fid., lateral sepals ovate acute, dorsal Fuborbicular, petals bipartite, segments subequal or the upper broader, lip tripartite segments linear, spur equalling the ovary. Balz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. Hahenana^ cxlviii. oROHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 135 Fl. 267. H. trinervia, Wight Ic. t. 1701. Bonatea punduana, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7063. B. benghalensis, Griff, in Calc. Journ. Nat. Mist. iv. 382. B. herbacea, Wall, ttiss. Kashmir, Falconer. Assam, Simmons. Silhet, Wallich. Bengal, Griffith^ Tenasserim, Parish. The Western Ghats, from the Concan southwards. Stem 1-2 ft., leafy. Leaves 2-5 in., very variable, acute or acuminate, rarely narrowed into a petiole, from orbicular to lanceolate. Raceme 3-5 in. ; bracts large, lanceolate, often almost foliaceous and exceeding the flowers ; pedicels very short ; flowers ^-f in. broad, green ; segments of petals variable in length, sinus between the Fegments narrow or rounded ; midlobe of lip shorter or longer than the side lobes ; spur subclavate, sometimes inflated, with an erect ligule at the mouth ; anther-cells parallel, tubes short upcurved ; glands of pollinia minute ; stigmatic processes clavate ; rostellum erect, triangular. Capsule shortly pedicelled, ^ in., fusiform, ribs thick. Var. foliosa ; smaller, 6-12 in. high, leaves shorter broader imbricating, raceme dense-fld., bracts shorter, segments of lip filiform. H. foliosa, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc, Nat. Ser. 2. xv. 71 ; Wight Ic. t. 1700 ; Dalz. ^ Gihs. JBomh. Fl. 267. H. laciniata, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. Sot. ii. (1850) 261. Platanthera marginata, Wall. Cat. 7038 B. Orchis mysorensis, Herh. Set/ne.—lsSUghiri Mts., alt. 6-8000 ft. Bombay, at Salsette, J)alzeU. — I have not seen the Salsette plant {H. laciniata) of Dalzell, which he describes as having the posticous segment of the petals spirally twisted, and the mid segment of the lip bronder than the others ; he refers it to H. foliosa quoting Wight's plate, and adds that it is allied to JT^ lancifolia, A. Rich. 8. K. travancorlca, Hoolc.f. ; leaves scattered ovate-oblong araplexi- caul, raceme lax-fld., lateral sepals ovate acute pubescent within, petals bipartite, segments narrow lower shortest, lip tripartite, segments subeqnal filiform, spur shorter than the ovary. H. Lindleyana, Wight Ic. t. 922 {not of Steudel). Tpavancoee ; on the Pulney Hills, Wight. Stem slender, 12-18 in. Leaves 1-2 in. Raceme 3-5 in. ; bracts as long as the beaked ovary or longer ; flowers :5-^ in. diam. ; dorsal sepal orbicular ; lip longer than the sepals. — The pubescent sepals (not observed by Wight) and habit distinguish this from all forms of H. digitata, of which however it may prove to be a variety. The leaves and flowers are much smaller, and the ligule at the mouth of the spur very short. 9. K> G-ibsonl, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; very stout, leafy, leaves linear-oblong, raceme few-fld., bracts equalliog or exceeding the ovary, flowers 1 in. diam., petals bipartite, segments narrow subequal, lip tripar- tite segments linear-subulate subequal fleshy, mouth of clavate spur broad without a ligule. The Concan j near Kyieswur and at Kandalla, Gibson. Stem 8-12 in. Leaves 4-6 in., base sheathing. Raceme short, 6-8-fld.; bracts 1-1^ in., membranous, broadly lanceolate, the lower exceeding the flowers ; flowers white ? as in H. digitata, but twice as large; upper segment of petals broadest, fleshy, and anther broad, stigmatic processes adnate to the back of the broad mouth of the spur ; rpstellum small, triangular, exposed. — Much like a gigantic state of PC. digitata, but very robust, with much longer leaves, narrower for their length, and few very large flowers, and no ligule at the very broad mouth of the spur. 10. K. dolichostachya^ Thwaites Enum. 309 ; stem leafy upwards, leaves oblong-lanceolate amplexicaul, raceme lax-fld., bracts as long as the flowers, lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate acute, petals bipartite, lower seg- ment short subulate, lip tripartite, segments filiform the middle longest, spur as long as the ovary slender. 136 cxLTiii. ORCHiDB^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Hahenaria, Cbtlok ; in the Central Province, alt. 5000 fb., Gardner, Thwaites. Stem 2-3 ft., leafless below, slender. Leaves 2-3 in. Raceme 1 ft. ; flowers subsessile, about i in. broad ; dorsal sepal orbicular, mucronate ; lip longer than the sepals, side segments spreading ; spur as long as the hardly beaked ovary, mouth with a short ligule ; anther broad, cells parallel, tubes long upcurved, glands of pollinia small ; stigmatic processes clavate, incurved round the mouth of tbe spur ; ros- tellum short, triangular. — Nearly allied to if. digitata, but the flowers are smaller and the base of the leaves amplexicaul. 11. K. corymbosa, Parish Si Beichb.f. in Trans, Linn. Soc. xxx. 141 ; very stout, leaves lanceolate, raceme dense-fld., bracts longer than the long-pedicelled beaked ovary, sepals broad acute, petals bipartite, seg- ments slender lower subulate half the length of the upper, lip 3-partite, segments subulate subequal or lateral smaller. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem 2-3 ft., leafy upwards, but naked below, and with only sheaths for the upper half. Leaves 3-6 in*, base contracted. Raceme 3-4 in., very dense-fld. ; pedicels filiform ; bracts f-1 in., lanceolate; flowers ^ in. diam. ; sepals 3 -nerved j lip not longer than the sepals, spur equalling the ovary, tip clavate ; anther -cells divaricate below, tubes as long as the cells ; pollinia narrow, glands minute ; stig- matic processes elongate, clavate ; rostellum triangular, acute. 12. K. dichopetala, Thwaites JEnum. 309 ; leaves crowded about the middle of the stem ovate or ovate-lanceolate, lateral sepals ovate acute, dorsal orbicular, petals bipartite, segments divaricate elongate lowest narrowest and longest, lip tripartite, segments equal elongate setaceous, spur as long as the ovary slender pendulous. Ceylon ; Bintenne district, Thwaites {in Herb. Lindl.). Stem 1~1\ ft. Leaves dark green with a red midrib, petioled. Raceme lax-fld. ; bracts lanoeolate ; flowers greenish about ^ in. diam. — The above description is from " Thwaites' Enum." There are two specimens from Thwaites in Lindley's Herba- rium which differ somewhat from that description, the leaves are linear-oblong erect and sheath the stem all the way up, the bracts i-|, ovary with pedicel |-1 in., segments of petals subequal on the lower rather than longest, mid segment of lip the shortest, anther-cells distant, stigmatic processes globose ; rostellum short. ft Stem leafy at or near the base only. 13. H. g-randiflora, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7032; leaf solitary radical orbicular- or ovate-cordate, flowers few long-pedicelled, petals bipartite upper segment obliquely evate acuminate lower longer filiform, lip tripartite lateral segments filiform terminal linear or elongate lanceolate, spur longer than the ovary. Dalz. 8f Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 267. H. rotundi- folia, Lindl. Gen. S( Sp. Orchid. 806. Orchis grandiflora, Serb. Heyne. The CoNCAN ; on the Ghats at Belgaum, Mahabuleshwar, &c., Heyne, &c. Xeq/'l-2 in. Scape 3-6 in., naked or with 1-2 sheaths, 2- or more-fld. ; bracts sheathing, shorter than the pedicel, which with ovary is 1-1^ in. ; flowers i-1 in. broad, white; sepals broad; petals rather smaller ; margins of mid-segment of lip recurved, spur obtuse or thickened at the tip, mouth with a caruncled callus ; anther 3-cuspidate, cells parallel, tubes rather short broad spreading, glands of polli- nia large orbicular; stigmatic processes large, clavate; rostellum elongate, erect. 14. K. rariflora, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 70, t. 2 ; leaves radical or subradical linear-oblong or lanceolate acute, flowers few long-pedicelled, upper segment of petals ovate acuminate lower usually much longer filiform, lip tripartite, lateral segments filiform, median Eahenaria.'] cilviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 137 linear, spur very long and stout. Wight Ic. t. 924 ; Dalz. & Gihs. Bomb. Fl. 269. H. uniflora, Dalz. in SooJc. Journ. Bot. iii. (1857) 344. The Deccan Peninsui-a; on the Ghats, ascending to 6000 ft., from Canara to Travancore. Leaves very variable, in small specimens 2-3 by ^-\ in. and linear, in others 3-4 by 1 in. and elliptic-oblong, in some cauline 3-5 by i-f in., or ovate complicate and recurved. Sea'pe 2-10 in., with 1-2 sheaths ; bracts shorter than the stiff erect pedicels, which are as long as the ovary, together 1-2 in. j flowers very variable in size and length of lip, white; dorsal sepal i-|^ in. broad, lateral 5 -nerved ; upper segment of petals 3-4-nerved; spur 1-3 in., upcurved ; anther large, apiculate, cells parallel, tubes short upcurved, glands of pollinia orbicular; stigmatic processes clavate ; rostellum erect slender.— In Dalzell's R. unijlora the segments of the petals are described as subequal. Sect. II. Plattglossa. (See p. 132.) * Side lobes of the lip lacerate to the middle or inner margin, midlobe linear. 15. K. Susannae, Br. Prodr. 312 ; tall, rebnst, leaves ovate-oblong upper sheathing, flowers few very large, lateral sepals subquadrately oblong ascending, petals linear acute, lip not longer than the sepals, side lobes very broad pectinate, spur twice as long as the ovary. Blume Bijdr. 402. H. gigantea, Don Prodr. 24 ; Bot. Mag. t. 3374 ; Grah. Gat. Bomb. PI. 201. Pla^tanthera Susannas, Lindl. Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 295 ; Wight Ic. t. 920 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. PL 269. P. gigantea, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7052. P. robusta, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7036 ; Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 295. Orchis Susannas, Linn. Sp. PL No. 939. O. gigantea, 8m. Pxot. Bot. t. 100. 0. altissima. Herb. Sam. Tropical Himalaya, from Garwhal eastwards ; the Khasia, Naga and MuNNiPoEE Hills, Buema and the Deccan Peninsula to Travancore. — Disteib. China, Malay Islands. Stem 2-4 ft. ; tubers 3-4 in. long. Leaves 2-6 in., imbricating up to the flowers, upper cucullate. Raceme 3-5-fld. ; bracts leafy ; flowers 3-4 in. diam., sub- sessile, white, fragrant; sepals spreading, lateral obtuse, dorsal very broad rhomboid spreading; petals small ; side lobes of lip truncate; midlobe linear, or dilated down- wards ; anther very broad and large, cells slightly divergent, tubes adnate to the sides of the column ; pollinia linear, about as long as their caudicle ; stigmatic s\ir- faces obscure; rostellum confluent with the face of the column. — This is a true Platanthera, in wanting the produced stigmatic processes, and the obscure rostellum, which is marked by a triangular line only. 16. K. pectinata, Don Prodr. 24; leaves ovate-lanceolate, spike dense- fid., bracts leafy, flowers large, dorsal sepal lanceolate, lateral ovate- lanceolate, petals linear falcate glabrous, lip not longer than the sepals, spur rather longer than the ovary. Wall. Cat. 7029 A, and B in part. H. Gerardiana, WalL Gat. 7031. H. ensifolia, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 321. Orchis pectinata. Smith Pxot. Bot. t. 99. Temperate Himalaya, from Simla, alt. 5-8000 ft., eastwards, ascending to 9000 ft. in Sikkim. Khasia Hills. Stem 1-2 ft., robust, very leafy. Leaves 4-6 in., strongly 3-nerved, upper or all sheathing, rarely linear-lanceobite. Spike 3-8 in. ; bracts equalling or exceeding the flowers which are 1-2 in. diam. white or greenish; sepals 5-nerved, dorsal erott; petals obtuse, variable in breadth, somewhat dilated on the outer margin, 3-5-nerved ; lip as long as the sepals, spur ^-f in., tip subclavate ; anther very broad and large, 138 ciLviii. oRCHiDEJi. (J. D. Hooker.) [Habenaria. cells rather divergent, tubes short, g-lands of poUinia small ; stigmatic processes elongate, tips often falcate dilated and upcurved ; rostellum obscure. Capsule fin., sessile, fusiform, ribs thick. — Black when dry. 17. ZZ. arietina, Hook, f. ; habit and foliage of H. pectinata, but petals pubescent broader than the dorsal sepals gibbously dilated on the outer (lower) margin, spur rather longer than the ovary. H. pectinata, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 341 ; Wall. Vat. 7029 B in part, and 0. Temperate Himalaya ; from Simla eastwards, alt. 5-8000 ft. and to 10,000 ft. in Sikkim. Khasia Hills, alt. 5-6000 ft. So similar in a dried state to S. 'pectinata as to be with difficulty distinguish- able, and though separated by Lindley, perhaps only a variety. Unfortunately Lindley in describing both species gave Don's name to the wrong plant, as I have proved by examining Smith's original specimen of O. pectinata in his Herbarium at the Linnean Society, which is of a very small state. — Black when dry. 18. K. intermedia j Don. Prodr. 24 ; leaves ovate or oblong acumi- nate, flowers few very large, dorsal sepal recurved, lateral reflexed narrower than the dimidiate obovate falcate glabrous petals, lip longer than the sepals, spur twice as long as the ovary. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 322 ; Wall. Cat. 7030; Beichb.f. in Gard. Chron. 1879, 136. Temperate Himalaya ; from Kashmir to Sikkim, alt. 5-7000 ft. Stem 8-10 in. Leaves 2-4 in., scattered, 5-7-nerved, base rounded or cordate. Racemes few-fld.; bracts broad, equalling the ovary ; flowers 2 in. diam., white or greenish ; lateral sepals falcately lanceolate, acuminate, reflexed, 5-nerved ; petals strongly 5-nerved; spur very stout; anther-cells with long erect filiform tubes, glands of poUinia small ; stigmatic processes long, slender, incurved ; rostellum adnata to the face of the column between the anther-cells. Capsule 1^-2 in., pedicelled, fusiform, beaked, terete. 19. H. trichosantha, Wall. Cat. 7028 ; leaves ovate-oblong or lan- ceolate, spike lax-fid., bracts shorter than the long-decurved narrow ovary, lateral sepals ovate-oblong or -lanceolate acuminate puberulous, petals linear falcate acuminate, lip longer than the sepals, side lobes capillaceo- multifid, spur longer than the ovary. Burma, at Taongdong, Wallich ; Moulmein, Parish ; Attran, JBrandis {in "■ Serb. Calcutt.). Stem 8-18 in. Leaves few, 3-6 in., 5-7-nerved. Raceme 4-10-fld. ; ovary 1 in, sessile; lateral sepals -^ in., deflexed ; petals dilated upwards, entire or serrulate, 1-nerved ; spur 1^ in.; anther-cells short, with short free tubes, pollinia much shorter than their caudicles, glands small; stigmatic processes short, globose; rostel- lum an obscure plate between the anther-cells. Capsule 1 in., fusiform, shortly beaked, deeply channelled. ** Side lobes of lip petaloid, outer margins entire, toothed, or fimbriate, midlobe narrow. t Lip deeply 3-lobed or -partite, not or hardly longer than the lateral 20. K. greniculata^ Don Prodr. 25; stem tall leafy with many slender sheaths above, lateral sepals acute, petals linear- oblong, lip sub- orbicular, side lobes cuneate or rounded fimbriate or crenate, spur longer than the beaked ovary geniculate. Platanthera geniculata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7042.— Habenaria, Griff. Notul. iii. 406 ; Bin. notes, 31, No. 494 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 340. Habenaria.] cxlviii. oeohideje. (J. D. Hooker.) 139 Stjbteopical Himalaya ; from Nepal eastwards. Khasia and Naqa Hills, alt. 2-5000 ft. BuEMA, Wallich. Stem 1-2 ft., stout. Leaves 2-6 in., sessile, oblong-lanceolate. Spike 4-20-fld. ; bracts as long as the ovary ; flowers f-1 in. long, white ; lateral sepals \ in. ; lip often f in. broad ; spur subclavate below the knee ; anther-cells broad, divaricate, tubes elon- gate, upcurved, glands of pollinia, small ; stigmatic processes, clavate, incurved, mar- gining the mouth of the spur ; rostellum low, broad. Capsule 1 in., shortly pedicelled, beaked, deeply grooved and thickly ribbed. 21. K. Richardiana, Wight Ic 1. 1713 ; stem rather slender sheathed above, leaves oblong-lanceolate, spike few- and lax-fld., sepals ovate acuminate glabrous, petals gibbously triangular subacute, lip cuneate strongly nerved, side lobes narrow deeply toothed, spur stout twice as long as the beaked ovary. NiLGHiEi and Travancore Hills, alt. 6-8000 ft., Wight, &c. Stem 6-8 in. Leaves often subradical, 4-6 in., cauline much smaller, or reduced to sheaths. Spike 8-10-fld. ; bracts large, lanceolate, shorter than the curved ovaries, which are f in. long; flowers obscurely puberulous, about f in. diam. ; dorsal sepal smaller than the 5-nerved lateral ; side lobes of lip recurved, acuminate, longer or shorter than the linear 3-nerved midlobe, spur 1^ iit., slightly thickened down- wards ; anther-cells distant, tubes short upcurved, glands of pollinia cupular; stig- matic processes large, clavate ; rostellum triangular. 22. K. cephalotes, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 322; stem short stout closely sheathed above, leaves short broad, spike dense-fld., lateral sepals obliquely ovate and shorter broad gibbous petals and lip scurfily pubescent within, lip cuneately obovate, side lobes fimbriate, spur shorter than the beaked ovary. Wight Ic. t. 1711. NiLOHiRi and Tbavancore Hills, alt. 7-8000 ft., Wight. Habit and foliage of H. Richardiana, but stouter, stem more densely sheathed, and flowers smaller, crowded in a cylindric or oblong spike ; dorsal sepal very broad, obtuse ; petals in Wight's figure with a deep sinus on the lower margin ; midlobe of lip rather longer than the side lobes ; anther-cells broad, nearly parallel, tubes rather long upcurved, glands of pollinia minute ; stigmatic processes long clavate ; rostellum short broad. 23. S. polyodon, Hooh. f. ; stem short stout sheathed above, leaves ovate-lanceolate, spike many-fld., bracts sheathing as long as the ovary, sepals obtuse glabrous, petals triangular-ovate obtuse, lip broadly obcor- date, side lobes erose or pectinately fimbriate, spur very stout exceeding the stout curved ovary. H. timbriata, Wight Ic. t. 1712. NiLGHiRi Hills, Wight, &c. Stem 8-10 in., leafy to the top; tubers large. Leaves 2-3 in., sheathing, upper cymbiform. Spike 3-4 in., lax- or dense-fld. ; flowers f in. diam. ; bracts cymbiform ; sepals broadly ovate, obtuse, dorsal smallest ; petals smaller, triangular, fleshy ; midlobe of lip short, oblong, spur clavate; anther broad, cells subparallel, tubes short ascendmg, pollinia longer than their caudicles, gland minute ; stigmatic processes very large, short, stout ; rostellum very short, broad. 24. H. longicornu, Lindl.in Wall. Cat. 7027 -, Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 322 (longicornis) ; leaves subradical linear-oblong or lanceolate acuminate, spike lax-fld., bracts shorter than the ovary, lateral sepals ovate acute glabrous, petals lanceolate or linear-oblong, lip tripartite, side lobes re- curved cuneate fimbriate or crenate, spur stout twice as long as the very long-beaked ovary. H. montana, A. Rich, in Ann. 8c. Nat. Ser. ii. xv. 73; Wight Ic. t. 925 and t. 1714, centre figure and lower right-hand flower. Orchis longicornu, Serb. Heyne. 140 cxLviii. OROHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [^Hah^naria, NiLGHiEi and Teavancore Mts., Heyne, &c. Stem 6-12 in. Leaves 2-5 in., usually linear-oblong, rarely {as figured hy Wight) shorter and broader. Spike 3-6-fld. ; upper half of ovary almost filiform ; flowers nearly 1 in. long ; side lobes of lip longer than the linear midlobe ; mouth of spur caruncled ; anther-cells broad, parallel, tubes rather long spreading, pollinia as long as their caudieles j stigmatic processes short, clavate ; rostellum low, broad. 25. XZ. platyphylla, Spreng. Si/st. Veg. iii. 690; scapigerous, leaves sessile orbicular or elliptic, spike short dense-fld., bracts shorter than the long-beaked ovary, sepals broadly oblong obtuse, petals linear narrow, lip 3-lobed, side lobes small rounded, midlobe lanceolate, spur longer than the ovary slender. Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 323 ; Grah. Cat. Bomb. PL 201 ; Wight Ic. 1. 1709. Orchis platyphyllos, Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 10 ; 0. plantagiaea, Roxb. Gor. PI. 32, t. 37 ; Fl. Ind. iii. 450. O. Roxburghii, Pers. Syn. ii. 503. The Deccan Peninsula ; from the Concan and the Circars to Travancore. Leaves 3-6, appressed to the earth, fleshy, 3-5 in. long, and as broad or narrower. Scape 6-18 in. ; stout, strict ; sheaths many, erect, narrowly subulate ; spike 2-4 in., round-topped, flowers white, sweet-scented; sepals concave ; ovary 1 in., beak slender, as long as the body ; lip much less deeply lobed than in others of this group, margins erose, spur sometimes twice as long as the ovary, mouth funnel-shaped, with a short tooth; anther-cells divergent, tubes long, polliniar glands small; stigmatic processes subglobose ; rostellum short triangular. 26. K. Ziindleyana, Steud. Nomencl. Ed.2,71Q; leaves snbradical large ovate-oblong acute, scape tall with a few lanceolate sheaths at the tip, raceme few-fld., flowers large, bracts narrowly lanceolate shorter than the very long ovary, dorsal sepal much smaller than the large oblong acute entire lateral, petals small falcate, side lobes of lip narrow linear much shorter and narrower than the linear-oblong obtuse midlobe, spur filiform longer than the ovary. H. latifolia, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid 323. Malay Peninsula [Ic. Mnlayson in Herb. Kew). Leaves 5-6 by 2-2^ in., membranous, almost petioled, many-nerved. Scape 12 in. ; bracts f in., linear-lanceolate, membranous ; ovary 1:^ in. ; flowers white, spur green ; dorsal sepal broadly ovate, acuminate, reflexed, lateral f in. long, subfalcate, 5-7 - nerved ; petals much smaller, acuminate; lip 1 in., rather longer than the sepals, midlobe S-nerved;' tube of anther-cells long, slender; stigmatic processes elongate. — A noble species. Lindley gives " Ceylon, Macrae " as its origin, but as a fine drawing by Finlayson (who collected only in the borders of Siam) is in Herb. Kew, and Thwaites never saw the plant in Ceylon, this is, no doubt, one of several plants in Herb. Lindley wrongly attributed to Ceylon. It is evidently nearly allied to JET. platyphylla. 27. K. suaveolens, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. (1850) 263 ; leaves subradical linear or linear-oblong acuminate, scape slender, spike few-fld., flowers secund, bracts longer than the ovary narrowly cymbiform acumi- nate, sepals subequal, petals as long but broader, lip cuneately flabellate, side lobes broad, midlobe as long narrow, spur as long as the curved beaked ovary, tip subclavate. Dalz. Sc Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 268 {excl. syn.). The CONCAN ; between Vignorla and Malwan, rare, Dalzell. Leaves 4-6 by ^-f in., rather thick. Scape 6-12 in., often flexuous ; sheaths 1-3 in. ; bracts f in. long, finely acuminate, herbaceous ; flowers 3-6, ^ in. broad, white, jasmine-scented ; dorsal sepal orbicular-ovate, obtuse, lateral subfalcate, ovate-oblong, acute ; petals triangular -ovate, subacute ; lip as long as the lateral sepals, as broad as long, side lobes toothed or entire ; anther narrow, erect, apiculate, cells contiguous narrow, tubes 0 ; pollinia clavate, as long as their stout caudieles; Hahenaria.'] oxLTiii. ORCHiDSiE. (J. B. Hooker.) 141 glands large orbicular, lying close together on each side of the erect acute rostellum ; (stigmatic processes short, truncate, Dalzell). — A very anomalous species of this section. tt Lip deeply 3-lobed or -partite, much longer than the lateral sepals. 28. K. longrifolia^ Ham. in Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 324; stem tall slender leafy, leaves very narrow, spike few- and. lax-fld., bracts slender longer than the slender beaked ovaries, sepals small, petals gibbously ovate, lip flabelliform, side lobes semi-circular quite entire, spur slender twice as long as the ovary. Gymnadenia longifolia, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7060. Western Himalaya ; Kumaon, Boyle ; Nepal, at Nathpur, Hamilton. Stem 10-18 in. Leaves 3-5 in., scattered, erect, linear; acuminate. SpiJce 2-3 in. ; bracts |-1 in. ; ovary ^-| in., curved ; flowers white ; lateral sepals ^ in., oblong- lanceolate, 3-nerved, dorsal smaller; petals 3-nerved, as long as the dorsal; lip ^-f in. long and broad, twice or thrice as long as the lateral sepals, midlobe linear, shorter than the side lobes ; anther beaked, cells parallel, tubes upcurved ; stigmatic processes short, clavate, incurved, surrounding the mouth of the spur ; rostellum long, subulate, erect. 29. K. plantagrinea, I^n^L Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 323; scapigerons, leaves narrowly oblong, scape slender, spike lax-fld., bracts half as long as the beaked ovary, sepals small, petals linear-lanceolate, lip flabelliform, side lobes semi-ovate entire or toothed, midlobe as long linear, spur as long as the ovary very slender. Wight Ic. t. 1710. Gymnadenia platy- phylla, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7053. Orchis platyphyllos, Boxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 609. O. tenuis, Rerh. Bottl. Subtropical Himalaya, alt. 3-7000 ft., from Garwhal to Sikkim. Behae, Central India, and the Deccan Peninsula, from the Concan southwards, Heyne, &c. Ceylon, in the hot drier parts of the Island. Leaves 3-6 in., radical, horizontal, acute or obtuse, membranous. Scape 8-12 in., slender ; sheaths small, acuminate ; spike 2-3 in. ; flowers subsecund, white j bracts setaceous or lanceolate; ovary f in., curved; sepals i in. long, subequal, acute, 3-nerved, dorsal ovate-oblong, lateral falcately oblong ; lip i-i in. broad, twice as long as the lateral sepals, puberulous, spur 1-1^ in. green ; anther rather broad, cells divergent, tubes short upcurved, pollinia as long as their caudicles, glands elongate j stigmatic processes large, clavate; rostellum triangular, broad. Capsule f in., turgidly fusiform, curved, beak short slender. — In this species the caudicles of the pollinia are at first inserted in the hollow of a single concave 2-lipped or incurved gland of a lanceolate form, which afterwards splits longitudinally, each pollinia carrying away one half. 30. K. long-icalcarata, A. Bich. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 71, t. 3 ; subscapigerous, leaves linear-oblong or lanceolate, flowers 1-4, bracts long convolute much shorter than the long-pedicelled beaked ovaries, sepals broad obtuse, petals oblong-lanceolate acuminate, side lobes of lip dimi- diate-ovate acuminate fimbriate or toothed, spur several times longer than the long narrow ovary. Wight Ic. t. 925 ; Dalz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 268. H. decipiens, Wight. Ic. v. Pt. i. 14. H. montana, Wight Ic. t. 1714 {upper right and left hand figures) {not of A. Bichard.) H. longicorniculata, Grah. Cat. Bomb. PL 202. H. macroceratitis, Serb. Bottl. The Deccan Peninsula ; on the Western Ghats, from the Concan to Travancore, ascending to 6000 ft. Stem or scape 10-18 in. ; sheaths few, distant. Leaves 2-4 in. Flowers white, asmine-scented ; bracts f-1 in. ; ovary 1 in., suberect, its pedicel sometimes as long ; sepals ^ in. long, 3-nerved; lip %-\ in. long, spur thickened from below the middle to 142 oxLviii. OBOHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Hahenaria. the tip ; anther very broad, tubes as long as the cells, pollinia narrowly pyriform shorter than their slender caudicles, which are narrowly winged on one side,' glands very small ; stigmatic processes surrounding the mouth of the spur ; rostellum obscure. — Allied to H. longicornu, but much more slender, leaves longer, flowers much larger, lip longer than the sepals, its side lobes broader, and spur very much longer. 31. K. crinifera, Lindl. Ge.n. & Sp. Orchid. 323 ; scapigerous, leaves oblong or lanceolate, raceme lax-fld., bracts much shorter than the pedicelled ovary, sepals broad obtuse, petals linear acuminate, lip clawed sub 4-partite, side lobes cuneate or dimidiate-ovate crenate caudate, mid- lobe 2-lobuled, spur very slender incurved much longer than the filiform beaked ovary. Wight Ic. t. 926; Dah. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 269. H. schizochilus, Grah. Gat. Bomb. PI. 282. Symmeria schizochilus, Grah. I. c. on last {unnumbered) jpage. The Deccan Peninsula, from the Concan to Travancore. Ceylon. Leaves 1-6 in., very variable in breadth. Scape 1-18 in., very slender ; sheaths scattered, subulate: bracts lanceolate; flowers white, f-H in. long; dorsal sepal orbicular, subacute, lateral broadly ovate ; lip much longer than the sepals, as it were 4-lobed, the lobes tailed; spur with a long erect ligule at the mouth; anther tubes long, straight ; caudicles of pollinia winged as in H. Longiealcarata, glands minute; stigmatic processes clavate, adnata to the mouth of the spur; rostellum very short, obtuse. 32. K. triflora, Bon Trodr. 25; stem leafy 1-2-fld., leaves short sheathing, bracts long embracing the ovaries of the large erect flowers, dorsal sepal oblong-ovate, lateral oblong-lanceolate, petals small linear- subulate, lip very large, side lobes semi-oblong hatchet-shaped crenulate, midlobe shorter linear, spur very slender as long as ovary straight. Platanthera Candida, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7035 ; Gen. & S;p. Orchid. 295. Western Himalaya ; Kumaon, alt. 5000 ft., 8trachey ^ Winterhottom ; Nepal, Wallich. Lower Bengal ; at Mymensingh, Clarke. Stem 8-12 in., rather slender. Leaves 1-3 in. ^oblong, acute, sometimes all im- bricating, or the lower larger and spi-eading, upper acuminate. Flowers shortly pedicelled ; bracts and slender ovary 1-1^ in. long ; sepals ^ in. long, suberect ; petals 1-nerved ; lip 1-1^ in. broad, sessile on the mouth of the spur, and tbere l)igibbous ; spur slightly thickened at the tip, mouth funnel-shaped ; anther very broad, quadrate, truncate, cells marginal, tubes short free, glands of pollinia minute ; staminodes prominent ; stigmatic surface inconspicuous ; rostellum broad obscure. — The suberect lateral sepals, and sheathed stem recall the species of the Phyllostachya section. *** Lip short, 34obed at the broad apex. 33. IS. Orchidis^ Hook. f. ; stem stout leafy, leaves oblong or linear- oblong erect acute, spike short cylindric very dense-fld., bracts longer than the short curved ovaries, flowers small, sepals puberulous, dorsal elliptic, lateral oblong, petals shorter rhombic-orbicnlar, lip cuneately obovate, spur as long as the ovary slender incurved. Gymnadenia cylindrostachya, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7056; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 278. G. Orchidis, and violacea, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. I. c. Platanthera Orchidi", Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7039 A. Temperate Himalaya; Garwhal, alt. 8-9000 ft., Duthie; Kumaon, Wallich', Sikkim, alt. 8-1000 ft., J. D. H. Stem 1-2-ft. Leaves 2-6 in. , hro&d or narrow, sheathing, sometimes short and imbricating. Spike 2-5 in.; bracts lanceolate, herbaceous; ovary ^ in. long, in- curved, subrostiaie; flowers ^-^ in. diam., pink, odoriferous, perianth spreading; Habenaria.'] oxLviii. ORCHiDEJi;. (J.D.Hooker.) 143 dorsal sepal oblong ; lobes of strongly neryed lip very short, obtuse, eqnal or the midlobe longest and broadest ; anther short, broad, cells parallel contiguous, tubes 0, pollinia clavate almost sessile on the large oblong gland, grains very large and loose ; stigmatic processes very large, globose, placed close under the anther, and swelling up after fertilization so as almost to cover it ; rostellum minute. Capsule small, sessile, ^ in. long, broadly ellipsoid or subglobose. — A very anomalous member of the section. 34 K. xnonophylla, Gollett & Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ined. ; leaf solitary subradical, stem and many-fld. raceme scurfily pubescent, bracts as long as the ovary or shorter, sepals and petals subequal oblong obtase glabrous, lip much larger than the sepals clawed cuneately obovate 3-lobed, lateral lobes broad erose, midlobe smaller ovate obtuse, spur as long as the lip incurved obtuse. Upper Burma, Collett. A foot high, rather slender. Leaf 2 in., oblong, obtuse, sheathing the base of the stem. Stem flexuous ; sheaths 2-3, ^ in.j and bracts lanceolate, acuminate. Raceme 2 in., rather dense-fid.; bracts ^ in.; flowers about as broad as long; side lobes of lip as broad as long, diverging, disk puberulous, speckled ; anther ovoid or globose, cells parallel contiguous, tubes 0, glands of pollinia contiguous orbicular. — Closely allied to S. Orchidis. Described from a single indifferent specimen. Sect. III. Trimeroglossa. (See p. 132.). * Tubes of the anther-cells long. t Perianth membranous ; lateral sepals with deeply looped or arched nerves. 35. S. commelinifolia, Wall, in Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 325 ; tall, robust, leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate, bracts longer than the long- beaked ovary slender, dorsal sepal orbicular much smaller than the gib- bously hatchet-shaped beaked lateral, petals oblong, lip vs-ith a linear blade dividing into 3 very long filiform segments, spur very long. Griff. Notul. iii. 372 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 339. Platanthera commelinifolia, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7037. Orchis commelinifolia, Roxh. Fl. Ind. iii. 451 ; Grah. Cat. Bomb. Pi. 201. 0. stylosanthes. Herb. Ham. Tropical Western Himalaya ; Kumaon, alt. 3500 ft., Rot/le, Strachey Sf Winterbottom. The Concan and Canara, Stocks, Law, &c. Stem 2-3 ft. ; tubers ellipsoid (2-9 in. long, Roxh.). Leaves 3-6 in., upper or sheaths lanceolate. Spike 4-8 in. ; ovary \-l\ in., upper two-thirds filiform ; flowers ^-f in. diam., white, inodorous ; mid segment of lip deflexed, scaberulous, lateral widely spi-eading; spur 1-2^ in., incurved, green, mouth funnel-shaped; anther refiexed, tubes long straight erect ; staminodes seated on the long arms of the column; stigmatic processes large, clavate, incurved; rostellum short, triangular. Capsule ^ in., sessile, fusiform, beak twice as long as the body. 36. K. xnalleifera, HooJc. f. ; tall, stout, leaves clustered large ob- lanceolate acute, spike long many-fld. furfuraceous, dorsal sepal orbicular cucullate much smaller than the large deformed lateral, petals very small, lip longer than the sepals tripartite to the base, segments filiform subequal or central longest, spur half as long as the long-beaked ovary, tip involute globose or clavate. SiKKiM Himalaya; at Senadah, alt. 6000 ft., King {Herb. Calcutt.). Khasia Hills, Lobh ; at Myrung, alt. 5000 ft., J. J). U. ^ T. T. 144 cxLVili. oncHiDE^. (J. U. Hooker.) [Habenaria. Stem with raceme 12-18 in. ; hairs cellular, scattered. Leaves clustered below the middle of the stem, 5-8 by 1^-2^ in. Eaceme 4-6 in., lax-fld. j sheaths large, ovate, finely acuminate; bracts |-1 in., shorter than the ovary, ovate-lanceolate ; flowers greenish, about ^ in. diam. ; ovary |-1 in., beak very slender ; dorsal sepal embracing the anther, lateral reflexed triangular-oblong in outline but with the lower margin so gibbous as to form an obtuse false apex to the 5-nerved sepal, the true apex in which the looped nerves end being close to the base of the sepal ; petals gibbously triangular ; staminodes adnate to the sides of the anther ; anther recumbent, tubes very long decurved ; poUinia clavate, caudicle very long, glands minute ; stigmatic processes very long ; rostellum obscure. 37. K. I^urtoni, Hook.f. ; leaves petioled crowded towards the base of the stem oblanceolate, spike puberulous, dorsal sepal orbicular hooded much smaller than the deformed lateral, petals small triangular, lip much longer than the sepals tripartite to the base, segments filiform subequal or lateral shorter, spur longer than the long-beaked ovary slender. Malay Peninsula ; Perak, on limestone rocks, Scortechini, Kunstler. Singa- pore, Murton. Stem 2-3 ft., with rather close-set ovate-lanceolate leafy sheaths, 1-2 in. long above the leaves. Leaves 6-10 by 2-3 in., narrowed into a broad petiole. Spike lax-fld. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, equalling the decurved ovary ; flowei's i-f in. diam. j upper margin of lateral sepals very short straight, tip lateral, nerves forming deep loops; anther-cells very much as in H. malleifera, tubes very long; poUinia shorter than their long caudicles, glands minute ; stigmatic processes globose ; I'ostellum obscure. 38. K. XLingrii, Hooh. f. ; robust, leaves large crowded towards the base of the stem petioled, spike puberulous, dorsal sepal obovate cucullate as long as the cultriform beaked strongly falcate lateral, petals linear- lanceolate obtuse, lip much longer than the sepals tripartite to the base, segments very slender subequal, spur as long as the slender long-beaked ovary. Perak ; on limestone rocks, King's Collector. Stem 1-2^ ft. Leaves 5-10 in., acute or acuminate. Spike lax-fld. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, as long as the ovaries ; .flowers pale silvery green ; sepals about i in. long, acuminate, 5-nerved ; petals shorter than the dorsal sepal, 1-nerved ; spur slightly thickened downwards ; anther closely embraced by the hooded dorsal sepal, tubes very long stigmatic processes and rostellum as in S. Murtoni. — Diifers from S. Murtoni in the form of the lateral sepals, the long dorsal, and in the petals and spur. Both these and H. furfuracea are near S. ciliolaris, Kranzlein of China, and H. muricata, Vidal, of the Philippine Islands. 39. K. furfuracea, Hooh. f. ; tall, leaves large obovate or oblanceo- late clustered, spike lax-fld. f urfuraceous with short cellular hairs, dorsal sepal broadly ovate acuminate hooded as long as the cultriform strongly curved lateral, lip subequally tripartite to the base, spur shorter than the long-beaked ovary tip fusiform. Khasia Hills ; at Nunklow, alt. 3-4000 ft., J. B. H. Sf T. T. Closely allied to S. Kingii, but more slender, with a furfuraceous spike and a shorter spur with a fusiform tip. The anthers stigmatic apparatus, &c., are nearly the same in both. This and Kingii differ remarkably from H. malleifera & Murtoni in the less deformed lateral sepals. 40. H. pubescenSj Lindl. Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 322; stem leafj towards the base and elongate many-fld. raceme pubescent, leaves elliptic- lanceolate base narrowed, dorsal sepal hemispheric nearly as long as the dimidiate-ovate obtuse lateral, petals linear, lip much longer than the Mahenana.'i cxlviii. orchide^. (J. I). Hooker.) l45 sepals tripartite, segments linear obtuse central broadest, spur slender as long as the curved beaked ovary tip acuminate. Western Himalaya; Kumaon or Garwhal, Eoi/le, Falconer. Stem 12-18 iu., stout ; upper sheaths free, ovate-laaceolate. Leaven 4-6 by 1-li in., not margined. Spike 8-10 in. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, ciliolate, shorter than the ovary which is curved, i in., pubescent, beak slender; lateral sepals -i—:?- in. long ; tubes of anther-cells long, straight ; staminodes large j stigraatic processes globose. — Much the smallest flowered of its subdivision. 41. H. spatuleefolia, Par. & Beichh. f. in Trans. Linn. Soe. xxx. 140; leaves 2-3 subradical obovate-spathnlate, scape slender 2-fld., sheath and bracts large broad cymbiform, dorsal sepal hemispheric as long as the hatchet-shaped lateral, petals linear-oblong falcate, lip tripartite to the base, segments filiform side ones short central very long incurved, spur longer than the ovary tip clavate. Tenassekim ; at Mergui, Parish. Leaves 4-5 by 1-1|- in., not margined, subpetioled. Scape as long ; sheath sub- solitary ; bracts much shorter than the filiform straight beaked pedicelled ovary which is li in. long; sepals i in. long; tubes of anther-cells very long, slender; stigmatic processes short. — Habit of I)iplomeris. ft Lateral sepals curved or nearly straight, nerves straight or moderately arched. 42. K. pterocarpa, Thwaites Enum. 309 ; stem leafy, leaves long linear-lanceolate, bracts equalling the ovary, flowers few very large, dorsal sepal ovate-oblong rather shorter than the falcate oblong-lanceolate acumi- nate lateral, petals linear-oblong falcate, lip twice as long as the sepals 3-cleft to above the middle, side lobes subulate-lanceolate falcately recurved longer than the straight midlobe, spur very large thrice as long as the beaked ovary thickened from below the middle. Ceylox; at Kandy, Walker; at Ramboddi, alt. 3000 ft., Thwaites. Stem 6-18 in. Leaves 4-10 in., base contracted. Spike 3-10-fld. ; bracts large, ovate-lanceolate ; ovary narrowly winged, shortly pedicelled ; flowers 1^-2 in. diam., white ; ovary 1-i in. long ; lateral sepals spreading or deflexed, dorsal rather shorter acute as long as the petals ; spur 3^ in., green, narrowly clavate, mouth with a tooth ; midlobe with deflexed sides ; anther-cells divaricate ; caudicles of pollinia exactly as in E. longicalcarata ; stigmatic processes elongate^ clavate ; rostellum triangular. 43. K. rhynchocarpa^ SooTc. f. ; stem leafy, leaves lanceolate, spike short dense-fld., dorsal sepal cymbiform half as long as the broadly ovate-oblong lateral, petals linear, lip as long as the sepals 3-lobed to the middle, lobes linear-lanceolate acute mid one longest, spur much longer than the long slender beaked ovary. PH. stenopetala, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 324 {not of p. 319). Platanthera rhynchocarpa, Thwaites JEnum. 310. Ceylon ; above Galagama, alt. 4000 ft., Thwaites. Stem 1-2 ft., leafy below the middle. Leaves 2-6 in., sessile. Spike 2-3 in., dense-fld. ; bracts slender, equalling the ovary or longer ; flowers white, i-| in. diam.; lateral sepals deflexed, subacute; spur 1-li in., cylindric, green, obtuse; anther-cells divaricate, tubes straight ; glands of pollinia minute ; stigmatic pro- cesses elongate, incurved, adnate to the mouth of the lip; rostellum minute. — Lindley's S. stenopetala of p. 324 (not of p. 319) is 1 think a starved specimen of rhj/nchocarpa. VOL. VI L 146 cxLviii. 0RCHIDEJ5. (J. D. Hooker.) [Hahenaria. 44 K. vidua, Far. & Reichh. f. in Trans. Linn, Soc. xxx. 140, t. 27, f. 2 ; lea^ves subbasal elliptic-lanceolate acute, scape above and flowers paberulous, raceme lax-fld., bracts much, shorter than the ovary, dorsal sepal orbicular pubescent rather smaller than the oblong subacute lateral, petals hatchet-shaped, lip tripartite, segments filiform subequal longer than the sepals side ones recurved over the flower, midlobe deflexed, spur longer than the long-beaked ovary acute. Tenasserim ; at Moulraein, Parish. Stem short, stout, with 1-2 spreading sheaths above the leaves. Leaves 3-5 by -^-li in. Raceme 4-6 in. ; bracts ovate, acuminate ; flowers ^ in. diam., green and white, sweet scented ; pedicel with ovary f-1 in., nearly straight ; lateral sepals reflexed, margins revolute j spur thickened below j tubes of anther-cells divaricate ; pollinia much shorter than their slender caudicles, glands small ; stigniatic processes short, clavate, adnate to the mouth of the spur ; rostellum short, broad. Capsule f in., shortly pedicelled, straight, fusiform, beak short. 45. K. Mandersii, Semsl. & Collett in Journ. Linn. Soc. ined. ; tall, lower leaves linear-oblong upper narrow lanceolate, raceme glabrous, bracts as long as the slender pedicelled long-beaked ovaries, dorsal sepal ovate obtuse as long as the oblong obtuse lateral, petals as long as the sepals linear-oblong obtase, lip as long as the sepals entire or tripartite nearly to the base lateral segments 0 or shorter than the linear midlobe and recurved, spur twice as long as the ovary geniculate tip clavate. BuKMA ; at Mandalay, Anderson {in Herb. Calcutt.), Collett. Stem with raceme 18 in. Leaves (imperfect) 3 in., upper narrow ones erect, 1-1^ in. Raceme 4 in. ; bracts 1 in., ciliolate, lanceolate ; ovary narrowly winged ; sepals i in., 3-nerved, lateral subfalcate ; petals usually straight, 3-nerved ; mar- gins of midlobe of lip revolute, spur 1-2 in., mouth with a large obtuse ligule with revolute sides, the convex face (towards the mouth) has 2 short conical spurs side by side and a median tooth above them ; anther very large, tubes long erect ; pollinia much shorter than their long narrowly winged caudicle ; glands ovate ; sligmatic processes clavate. — The organ at the mouth of the spur is very curious. 46. K. rostrata, Wall, in Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 325; leaves lanceolate acuminate, upper passing into many slender erect sheaths, spike many- and lax-fld., dorsal sepal cymbiform much shorter than the broadly ovate falcate lateral, petals broadly oblong obtuse, lij) much longer than the sepals segments very long filii'orm, spur shorter than the very long-beaked ovary, tip pyriform. Platanthera rostrata, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7051 A. Pegu and Temasseeim, Wallich. Stem 6-12 in. Leaves 4-6 by ^-| in. Spike 2-4 in. ; bracts very slender, ciliolate, longer than the ovary ; flowers yellow spotted with brown, about i-^ in. diam. ; sepals coriaceous lateral dimidiate oblong, deflexed, 5-nerved, tips turned Tip ; petals oblong, pubescent, falcate, shorter than the sepals ; tubes of anther-cells elongate, caudicles of pollinia long, glands linear; stigmatic processes forming a ring round the mouth of the ovary ; rostellum very short, triangular. Young fruit with the beak as long as the body. 47. K. acuifera, Wall, in Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 325 ; slender, leaves scattered linear-lanceolate acuminate upper setaceous, spike short, bracts longer than the beaked ovary, sepals obtuse, dorsal broadly oblong shorter than the concave oblong lateral, petals much smaller linear-oblong, lip as long as the sepals, side lobes short subulate, midlobe linear, spur half as long as the ovary. H. linguella, Lindl. I. c. 325 {excl. hah. Ceylon). Hdbenaria, cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 147 Platanthera acuifera, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7045. P. rostrata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7051 B. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., common. Naga Hills, Prain. Tavot, Wallich.' — DiSTRiB. China. Stem 10-18 in., flexuous. Leaves 2-4 by i-i in., erect, base sheathing, upper and linear lanceolate ciliolate bracts very finely acuminate ; ovary ^-f in., rugose, beaked for half its length ; flowers golden, f in. diam. ; dorsal sepal strongly 3- lateral 5- nerved ; petals 1-nerved; margins of midlobe of lip revolute, spur slightly clavate ; anther large, apiculate, tubes long erect, caudicles of pollinia long very slender, glands minute ; stigmatic processes clavate, incurved. — Lindley errs in describing the leaves as all radical, and in giving Ceylon as a habitat. 48. K. chlorina, Reichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 140; habit and character of H. acuifera, but rather stouter, leaves broader, spike longer, sepals and petals 3-nerved, side lobes of lip large and spur incurved below the middle with a large clavate ellipsoid tip. Tenasserim; at Moulmein, Zobb, Parish. Shan States, alt. 4400 ft., Collett. Leaves ^-| in. broad. Spike 2-3 in. long ; flowers at first yellow-green, then spotted with brown, at last brown. — Probably a form of H. acuifera^ but besides the above difl'erence the flowers are smaller. ** Tubes of anther-cells short. t Stem leafy upwards. § Bracts lanceolate, acuminate. Flowers not or hardly secund. 49. K. elliptica, Wight Lc. t. 1706 ; leaves all linear-oblong or lanceolate acuminate narrowly margined, spike many-fld., bracts longer than or equalling the ovaries, dorsal sepal shorter than the broadly oblong obtuse lateral, petals triangular-ovate ciliolate, lip as long as the sepals trifid beyond the middle lobes oblong obtuse, spur stout equalling the shortly beaked incurved ovary. Iravancore; on the Pulney Mts., Wight. Stem 12-18 in., rather stout. Leaves 2-3 by ^-f in., upper short sheathing, erect or incurved. Spike 2-4 in., cylindric ; bracts finely acuminate j flowers greenish-white, about gin. diam. ; perianth thick subpuberulous ; sepals 3-nerved, dorsal ciliolate almost orbicular, lateral ovate-oblong j petals ^ shorter, fleshy ; lobes of lip parallel ; anther broad, cells distant divaricate, tubes short j pollinia longer than their stout caudicles, glands small j stigmatic processes large, clavate ; rostellum broad, triangular. 50. K. fusifera, Hook. f. ; leaves oblong acute narrowly margined, spike many-fld,, bracts longer than the ovary, dorsal sepal suborbicular nearly as long as but broader than the oblong obtuse lateral, petals larger than the sepals triangalar-ovate, lip larger than the sepals 3-partite to the base, side segments filiform longer than the linear mid segment, spur shorter than the curved ovary fusiform with a short narrow neck. Travancorb ; on the Annamallay Hills, Beddome {in Herh. Calcutt.). Habit of H. elliptica, but very diff'erent in the shorter not beaked ovary, larger doi'sal sepal, and petals, 3-partite lip, and spur; flowers yellow ; anther broad, cells divaricate, tubes short; pollinia clavate, caudicles short, glands small; stigmatic processes clavate, incurved, adnate to the mouth of the spur. — I have seen only one specimen. l2 148 CXLViii. oRCHiDE-S. (J. B. Hooker.) [^Hahenaria. 51. IK. trifurcata^ Hook. f. ; leaves petioled elliptic-lanceolate acuminate, spike many-fld., bracts equalling the ovary, sepals subequal ovate-lanceolate acute, petals narrowly linear, lip as long as the sepals 3- partite to near the base segments subulate, spur as long as the ovary or longer slender. Khasia Hills ; at Nowgong {Herh. Calcutt.). Stem 10-12 in., rather slender, leafless below. Leaves 3-4 in., alternate, mem- branous, not margined, upper or sheaths lanceolate. Spike many-fld.; bracts slender, lanceolate; ovary ^— J in., slightly curved ; sepals ^ in. long, membranous, 3-nerved ; petals as long, 1-nerved ; anther oblong, cells contiguous, tubes short divaricate ; stigmatic processes elongate, clavate, adnate to the sides of the lip ; ros- tellum narrow, erect. — The petioled scattered leaves and petals distinguish this at once from H.furcifera, and the petals and spurs from fusifera, 52. Hi avana, Hook. f. ; leaves linear-lanceolate acuminate, spike many-M., bracts longer than the flowers, dorsal sepal very broad, lateral obloDg acute, petals as long triangular, lip longer than the sepals tripartite from beyond the base, segments linear-subulate lateral incurved, spur as long as the short not beaked ovary. Burma; at Ava, Mrs. Burney {Herh. Calcutt.). Stem 6-10 in. Leaves, lower 2 in., with long tubular sheaths, upper many erect very narrow. Spike dense-fld. ; lower bracts f in.; ovary | in., curved; sepals rather shorter, dorsal broadly ovate obtuse 5-nerved, lateral deflexed 3-nerved ; petals 2-nerved ; lip hardly twice as long as the sepals, linear before forking ; anther short, rather broad, tips of cells recurved hardly tubular ; caudicles of pollinia very short, glands large ; stigmatic processes long, clavate, adnate to the lip ; rostellum broad, acute, flat. — The specimens are indifterent. §§ Bracts large, cucullate. Flowers secund. 53. K. Keyneana, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 320; stem stout, leaves subimbricate short sheathing acute, bracts cymbiform acuminate sheathing the flowers, sepals subequal obtuse, petals as long narrow, lip equalling the sepals 3-partite side lobes linear obtuse midlobe longer and broader, spur as long as the ovary or shorter straight subclavate. Wight Ic. t. 923, 1703-4; Bah. ^ Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 268. H. glabra, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 75, t. 5 A. Platanthera Heyneana, Lindl. in Wall. Cat, 7044. The Deccan Peninsula ; on the Ghats, from the Concan southwards, ascending to 7500 ft. on the Nilghiris. Stem 6-10 in. Leaves 1-1^ in., ovate, erect or recurved, rarely scattered and narrower. Spilce 2-4 in.; bracts imbricating, lower 1 in. long; ovary ^ in. , not beaked; flowers greenish -yellow ; sepals ^-^ in., thick, nerves obscure, dorsal ovate- oblong, lateral narrower ; petals linear-oblong ; lip thick, variable, midlobe oblong or ovate-lanceolate ; anther short, cells rather spreading, tubes 0 ; caudicles of pol- linia very short stout, glands very close together, large, orbicular ; stigmatic pro- cesses very large, spreading, clavate ; rostellum short, triangular, acute. — Turns black in drying. 54. Kt subpubens, A. Ricli. in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 75, t. 4 C ; leaves linear or linear-oblong scattered, bracts narrowly boat-shaped acuminate, sepals subequal, petals as long falcate, lip spathulate clawed 3-fid, as long as the sepals, side lobes linear midlobe broader, spur as long as the ovary acute. H. Candida, I>alz. in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. (1850), 262 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 267. HahenariaJ] cxlviii. oechide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 149 The Southern Concan, Perrottet, Jacquemont, Dalzell, and Nilghiei Hills, &c. Very near H. Heyneana, and perhaps only a form of it, but more slender, leaves scattered linear 2—2.\ in., bases narrowed, bracts narrower, flowers white, lip very different, spur more slender, anther apiculate, glands of the poUinia approximate and even cohei-ing oblong with recurved sides, stigmatic processes longer, adnata to the claw of the lip. — Does not turn black in drying. ft Leaves more than three, clustered towards the middle or base of the stem. 55. K. furcifera, Lindl. Gen. & 8p. Orchid. 319; leaves elliptic, spike long many-fld., bracts as long as the ovary, sepals snbeqnal dorsal ovate-oblong obtuse,, lateral falcately oblong-lanceolate subacute, petals as long oblong retuse, lip longer than the sepals trifurcute, side segments filiform longer than the linear mid sesrment, spur longer than the ovary very slender involute. H. hamigrera, Chriff. in Gale. Journ, Nat. Hist. iv. 380, t. 20. H. tenuicornis. Wall. onss. TfiOPiCAL Himalaya ; Garwhal, alt. 2-3000 ft., Royle, Edgeworth. Bhotan, King. Assam, Wallich. Okissa, Clarke. East Bengal, Griffith. Stem 10-18 in., stout, with distant small sheaths above the leaves. Leaves 4-6 by 1^-2 in., acute or acuminate, base contracted, not petioled. Spike 5-7 in., narrow; bracts ovate-lanceolate; ovary ^ in., curved, hardly beaked; sepals i in. long, 3-nerved, lateral reflexed ; petals as long, membranous, 2-nerved ; anther rather small, tubes upcurved ; stigmatic processes short. Capsule i in., fusiform, turgid, decurved, ribs thick, beak I as long as the body. 56. ZX. affinls, Wight Ic. t. 1707; leaves large elliptic-lanceolate acuminate, spike elongate cylindric, bracts equalling or exceeding the curved beaked ovary, sepals subequal or dorsal longest ovate-oblong ob- tuse, petals as long linear- or oblong-lanceolate obtuse, lip longer than the sepals 3-partite, side segments narrow longer than the linear obtuse mid segment, spur half as long as the ovary slender incurved. Central India; at Singboom, Clarke. The Concan and Canaea, Law, Ritchie, &c. Teavancore ; on the Anamallay Hills, Beddome {in Herb. Calcutt.) Stem stout, 1-2 ft. ; clothed above the leaves with many erect lanceolate sheaths. Leaves 4-6 by 2-2^ in., hardly petioled, not margined. Spike 4-10 in., rachis stout ; bracts -^-f iu. ; flowers green ; ovary i in., beak short ; sepals \ in., 3-uerved ; lip twice as long as the sepals ; anther broad, cells parallel, tubes shortly upcurved, glands of pollinia small; stigmatic processes large, clavate.— The Travancore specimen has broader segments of the lip than the northern ones. 57. K. ovalifolia, Wight Ic. t. 1706 ; subscapigerous, leaves elliptic- lanceolate acute, scape tall, raceme elongate slender lax-fld., bracts as long or half as long as the ovary, dorsal sepal orbicular as long as the ovate obtuse lateral, petals as large as the lateral obtuse, lip as long as the sepals 3-partite side lobes linear-oblong obtuse incurved shorter than the ovate fleshy midlobe, spur slender rather longer than the slender beaked ovary incurved tip thickened acute. Deccan Peninsula ; on the Ghats, from the Concan to the Nilghiris. Tall, 1-2 ft. Leaves 2-3, 6-8 by 2-4^ in., sessile or subpetioled, acute or acu- minate. Scape with a kafy sheath below and slender ones above the leaves; spike 10 in. and under ; flowers distant, -^ in. diam, greenish ; bracts lanceolate ; nerves of sepals and petals obscure ; spur straight, pendulous ; anther short, cells diverging, tubes short upcurved, caudicles of pollinia short, glands small ; stigmatic processes clavate ; roslellum short, bruad. 160 cxLViii. ORCHiDB-ffi. (J. D. Hooker.) [Hahenaria. 58. H. marg'inata, Coleh. in SooJc. Fl. Exot. t. ]36 ; subscapigerons, leaves few subradical sessile oblong or linear-oblong margins yellow, spikes many-fld,, bracts equalling the ovary, dorsal sepal broadly ovate as long as the oblong-lanceolate lateral, petals ovate falcate, lip longer than the sejjals tripartite side segments slender longer than the linear obtuse central, spur stout equalling the curved ovary or shorter inflated below. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 320 ; Dalz. Sf Gils. Bomb. Fl. 268 ; Griff. Notul. iii. 371 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 341 ; in Calcutt. Journ. Nat. Hist. iv. 382. Platanthera marginata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7038. H. promensis, Wall. Cat. 7033; Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 320. Orchis mysorensis and clavata. Herb. Heyne. Westebn Himalaya ; from Kashmh- to Kumaon, alt. 5-7000 ft. Behar and Bengal (wild in Bot. Gard. Calc). Burma, Wallich. The Deccan Peninsula, common on the Western Ghats. Leaves |-5 in. Scape 4-10 in. ; sheaths many, erect, lanceolate, broad or narrow. Spike 2-6 in., cylindric; bracts ciliolate; flowers ^ in. diam., yellow-green ; lateral sepals 3-5-nerved, deflexed ; petals as long, 2-nerved; spur clavate or fusiform below the middle; anther-cells distant, tubes short spreading funnel-shaped; caudicles of pollinia short, glands large; stigmatic processes long, adnate to the lip; rostellum triangular, acute. Capsule ^ in., fusiform, turgid, curved,, obscurely beaked. 69. ZI- flavescens, Hook.f. ; scape slender, leaves few radical linear- oblong yellowish when dry margined with yellow, scape slender few-fld., bracts equalling the ovary, dorsal sepal broadly ovate, lateral oblong-lan- ceolate acute, petals larger than the sepals ovate-oblong, lip rather longer than the sepals 3-partite side-segments slender, mid-segment linear-oblong margins recurved, spur shorter than the ovary tip clavate. The CoNCAN, Xaw, &c. A much more slender plant than H. marginata, turning yellow when dry, with fewer smaller flowers, and a more distinctly beaked ovary ; but perhaps only a form of that plant, 60. K. viridiflora, Br. Prodr. 312 ; scapigerous, leaves shorter than the scape linear-lanceolate not margined, raceme many-fld., bracts much shorter than the beaked ovaries, dorsal sepal orbicular-ovate much shorter than the broadly oblong lateral, petals broadly obliquely ovate as long as the dorsal sepal, lip longer than the sepals 3-partite, segments slender, spur as long as the beaked ovary thickened below. Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 319 ; Wight Ic. t. 1705. H. graminea, A. Rich, in Ann. be. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 73 {not of Lindl.). H. tenuis, Grijf'. in Calc. Journ. Nut. Hist. iv. 379, t. 20; Noinl. iii. 369; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 342. Orchis viridiflora, Swartz. in Act. Holm. 1800, 206 ; Willd. Sp. PI. iv. 13. Lower Bengal, Griffith, Clarice. The Deccan Peninsula; in rice fields, Het/ne, &c. Cetlon, alt. 5-7O0O ft.. Walker, &c. Tubers ovoid, f-1 in. long. Leaves many, 2-4 by i-^ in., acuminate, nerves obscure. Scape 4-14 in,, slender, sheaths many and bracts lanceolate ; raceme rather close-fld. ; flowers ^ in. diam., greenish-yellow; sepals 3-nerved, lateral re- flexed ; segments of lip variable in length ; ovary f in. long ; anther-cells short, divaricate, tubes short upcurved, caudicles rather shorter than their pollinia ; stigmatic processes clavate; rostellum short, broad. Capsule f in., fusiform, straight or curved, beak short, pedicel i in, Var. Dalzellii ; leaves radical linear 3-5 in., scape very slender wiry, flower rather smaller, spur longer than the ovary slender incurved. Caeloglossum luteum Sahenaria.'] cxlviii. OROHiDEa;. (J. D. Hooker.) 151 Dalz. in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. (1850), 263; Balz. ^ Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 269 {excl. syn.). — The Deccan Peninsula ; Malwan^ Dalzell, &c. 61. K. khasiana, SooJc.f. ; scapigerous, leaves linear not margined, scape slender, raceme elongate, bracts mucli shorter than the ovarj, sepals 3-nerved, dorsal nearly as long as the rather narrower lateral, petals as long ovate-lanceolate, lip much longer than the sepals, side segments much the longest filiform, spur as long as the beaked ovary rather stout slightly incurved. H. graminea, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp- Orchid. 318 {not of Sprengel). Platanthera linifolia, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7041 {the Silhet plant). Khasia Hills ; in grassy places, alt. 4-5000 ft., common. Leaves 3-4 by -J— |- iu., acute or acuminate. Scape with elongate raceme 8-12 in. ; sheaths very few and bracts lanceolate ; ovaries i— | in., suberect, curved, shortly pedicelled and beaked ; flowers sweet-scented, yellow, narrow ; the strictly deflexed lateral sepals and erect dorsal sepal are in one line, i in. long; anther broad, cells sub- parallel, tubes short; caudicles of pollinia short stout, gland rather large ; stigmatic processes clavate, aduate to the mouth of tlie spur ; rostellum very short, broad. Capsule \ in., subsessile, fusiform, not beaked.- — Very near H. viridiflora, from which the narrower leaves, shorter pedicels, subequal sepals, of which the dorsal is narrower and erect, and stout spur distinguish this. 62. K. ditricha, LCook.f.; scapigerous, leaves linear acute not mar- gined, spike few-fid., bracts as long as the ovary, sepals 1-nerved dorsal broadly ovate as long as the lanceolate acute lateral, petals as long ovate- lanceolate acute, lip much longer than the sepals 3-partite, side segments capillary, spur longer than, the beaked curved ovary slender incurved. Tenassebim j at Moulmein, Lobb. Leaves as in H. khasiana. Scape with few-fld. raceme 2-4 in. ; sheaths few, membranous ; bracts ^-^ in., ovate-lanceolate ; flowers few, ^ in. broad ; ovary \ in., sessile, curved ; dorsal sepal obtuse, obscurely 5-nerved ; mid segment of lip shorter than the lateral ; spur hardly thickened at the tip; anther-cells divaricate, tubes short ; pollinia and stigmatic processes as in H. Tchasiana. — Very near JI. khasiana, but the scape is very short, the bracts different, the ovary shorter, and the flowers smaller. Lobb's specimens have all short scapes. ttt Leaves 2, rarely 3, radical or opposite on the stem, sessile, broadly ovate-cordate or oblong. 63. K. crassifolia, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv.72, t. 3 C ; leaves radical orbicular or broadly ovate-cordate margined fleshy, raceme many-fid., bracts large exceeding the ovary, sepals and petals short broad, lip subequally 3-fid hardly longer than the sepals, lobes linear-oblong obtuse, spur equalling the beaked ovary. H. brachyphylla, Eeichh. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. 2, iii. 113. Platanthera brachyphylla, Lindl. Gen. cy 8p. Orchid. 293 ; Wight Lc. t. 1694 ; Balz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 269. The Deccan Peninsula; from the Concan to the Nilghiris, common. Leaves 2-3, 1-1^ in. diani. Sca'pe 6-12 in., stout ; sheaths many, finely acuminate. Spike 6-8 in., narrow; bracts ovate-lanceolate, sheathing; flowers i in. diam., greeuish-white, rather fleshy ; sepals 3-nerved ; petals 1-nerved ; side lobes of lip liardly spreading ; bases of anther-cells distant, tubes very short spreading ; stig- matic processes short; rostellum small, erect.— The Khasian habitat taken by Keichenbach from Lindley's Herbarium is an error. 64. K. diphylla, Dalz. in Book. Journ, Bot. ii. (1850) 262 ; leaves radical orbicular cordate margined, raceme many-Hd., bracts much shorter 152 cxLViii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Hahenaria. than the ovary, sepals ovate-oblong subequal, petals as long linear, lip mncli longer than the sepals 3-partite, segments filiform lateral longest, spnr about equalling the ovary inflated acute. Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 268. H. Jerdoniana, Wight Ic. t. 1715. H, Sutleri, JReichh.f. in LinncBa XXV. 229. Platanthera canarensis, Lindl. in Plant. Hohenach exsicc. No. 142. Liparis diphyllos, Nimmo in Grah. Cat. Bomb. PL 252. Western Himalaya; Ga.Ywha\, Falconer. Eastern Bengal; Daccsi, Olar&e. The Deccan Peninsula ; from the Coucan to Malabar. Leaves 1-2 in. diani., thinly fleshy. Scape 4-lU in., slender ; sheaths many, small. Spike 2-4 in., narrow ; bracts ^ in., acute ; flowers about ^ in. diam, ; ovary ^ in., hardly beaked ; dorsal sepal ovate, lateral oblong, acute, 3-nerved ; anther broad, cells diverging, tubes very short; stigmatic processes elongate, clavate, adnate to the mouth of the spur ; rostellum obscure. 65. K. Aitchisonl, Peichb. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. Ser. 2, Pot. iii. 113 ; leaves opposite orbicular cuspidate, scape tall, spike elongate, flowers subsecund erect, bracts half as long as the ovary, sepals subequal oblong- ovate obtuse, petals as long ovate-lanceolate, lip as long as the sepals 3- partite above the base, side segments longest spreading and recurved, spur shorter than the short curved ovary clavate. H. brachyphylla, Aitcli. 8f Hemsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xix. 118. Temperate Himalaya; Kashmir, alt. 7000 ft., Falconer, &c. ; Kumaon, alt. 9-12,(J00 ft., Buthie j Sikkim, alt. 10-11,000 ft., J. D. if.— Distrib. Aff- ghanistan. Very variable in size and stoutness, 10-18 in. high. Leaves inserted above the base of the stem, 1-3 in. broad, not margined. /S'cape sometimes as thick as a goose- quill ; sheaths few, small ; spike rather dense-fld. ; bracts J in., acute or acuminate ; flowers \ in. diam., greenish ; sepals 3-nerved, lateral spreading, dorsal erect ; petals 1-nerved; mid-segment of lip straight; anther short, broad, cells parallel, tubes very short upcurved ; stigmatic processes large, clavate ; rostellum minute. Var. Josephi; smaller, 2-4 in. high, leaves 1-1^ in., spike few-fld. H. Josephi, Reichb.f. I. c. 114.— Kumaon, alt. 10-11,000 ft., Luthie ; Sikkim, alt. 12-14,000 ft., J. D. JEL., King's Collector. 66. K. reniforxnis, Hooh. f. ; leaves 1-2 radical orbicular or oblong, scape slender few-fld., bracts mush shorter than the ovary, sepals and petals subequal ovate or ovate-lanceolate acute, lip longer than the sepals entire or 3-partite with slender segments, spur shorter than the ovary or 0. — Herminium reniforme, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7C67. Aopla reniformis, Lindl. in Bot. Peg. undei^ t. 1701; Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 304, 457; Penth. Fl. Honglc. 363. Listera reniformis, Don Prodr. 28. Nepal, Wallich. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5003 ft., Lohb, &c.— Distrib. China. Leaves \-^ in. long, fleshy, very variable in form, sessile, obtuse. 8cape with 4-6-fld. spike 3-6 in., wiry; sheaths few, small; bracts lanceolate; flowers about ■J in. diam., green ; sepals 3-nerved, lateral deflexed ; lip (in the Peloria state) entire and linear-oblong, or with two small basal teeth ; in the perfect state with three very narrow often tortuous divaricate segments longer than the sepals ; spur usually wholly absent, if present slender, nearly as long as the ovary, slightly incurved ; anther-cells nearly parallel, tubes very short ; caudicles of pollinia short, glands large ? ; stigmatic processes large, subcylindric or clavate ; rostellum short, triangular, acute. — A puzzling little plant, which in the Khasia usually and in Nepal has been collected only in the Peloria form, without spur, and with an entire lip. Bentham (in Gen. Plant.) retains it in Herminium from which it differs in being normally spurred. It is obviously allied to H. Aitchisoni. Habenaria.'] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 153 Sect. IV. HoLOGLOSSA (see p. 132). See also H. Mandersii and reni^ formis. * Stigmatic processes large. t Stem leafy upwards. 67. K. latilabris, Hook. f. ; leaves sessile ovate or oblong acumi- nate, spike many-fld., bracts green longer than the ovary, dorsal sepal broadest, lateral broadly ovate, petals dimidiate-ovate or broadly ovate, lip linear or lanceolate, spur tiexuous longer than the curved beaked ovary. Platanthera acuminata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7040 ; Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 289. P. latilabris, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. I. c. P. orchidis. Wall. Cat. 7039 B. Temperate Himalaya ; from Kashmir, alt. 5-10,000 ft., to Sikkim, alt. 7-12,000 ft. Central India, Hope (Herh. Clarke). Stem 6-18 in., stout or slender, leafy. Leaves 3-5 in., usually sheathing-. Spike 3-10 in., lax-fld. j hracts ovate-lanceolate, lower leafy ; ovary ^-^ in., curved ; flowers yellow -green, ^-^ in. diam. or more ; sepals 3-'S -nerved, glabrous or ciliolate, lateral spreading or deflexed, dorsal orbicular concave ; petals as long as the lateral sepals, variable in shape, fleshy, lower base gibbous ; spur stout or slender, often involute and upcurved ; anther-cells contiguous, tubes 0 ; caudicles of pollinia very short, glands small ; stigmatic processes large, subglobose ; rostellum short, tri- angular, obtuse. Capsule i in., sessile, fusiform, shortly beaked, more or less curved or twisted. — A very common and variable species in the Himalaya. 68. K. stenantha, Hooh.f. ; leaves many sessile oblong, spike many- fld., bracts green much longer than the flowers, dorsal sepal oblong, lateral linear deflexed, petals erect as long as the sepals linear, lip linear obtuse, spur flexuous longer than the straight obtuse ovary. ' Temperate Himalaya ; Sikkim, alt. 8-12,000 ft., J. D. H., Clarke. Very near to H. latilabris, differing in the form of the lateral sepals and petals, which are very narrow, and straight ; and the former being sharply deflexed, whilst the latter are erect ; the flower hence looks as if laterally compressed. The lip iilso is very narrow, but more so than in forms of acuminata, with which stenantha agrees in the column, anthers, pollinia, stigma and rostellum. 69. K. densa, Wall, in Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 326; tall, stout, leaves many ovate or oblong acuminate base sheathing, spike very long narrow stout, bracts sheathing and exceeding the very short ovaries, flowers very small, sepals obtuse puberulous, lip linear obtuse as long as the sepals, spur clavate shorter than the ovary. Platanthera densa, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7046. P. clavigera, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 289. Temperate Himalaya ; from Simla to Sikkim, alt. 5-9000 ft. Stem 1-3 ft. usually much stouter than in any form of S". ac%min«^a or its allies. Leaves 3-5 by 1-2 in. Spike 8-14 in., rather dense-fld. ; rachis stout; bracts •i~| in., finely acuminate; ovary i in., stout^ curved, shortly beaked; flowers erect, ^ in. diam. ; sepals subequal, thick, 3-nerved; petals nearly as long, obliquely ovate or narrower, obtuse, fleshy ; lip with a tooth at the mouth of the spur ; anther short, broad, cells parallel, tubes 0 ; pollinia subglobose, almost sessile on the large orbicular gland; stigmatic processes large, shortly clavate; rostellum small, erect. — Varies greatly in size; a Wallichian specimen from Nepal is 3 ft. high, with leaves 6 by 2 in., and a fruiting spike nearly 18 in. long. The most distinct species of its group. tt Leaf solitary at or below the middle of the stem {rarely 2). Flowers suhsecund. Rootstock or roof branching {I think in all). 154 cxLViii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Sahenaria. 70. K. oligrantha, Sooh. f. ; stem slender naked above the usually solitary oblong leaf, bracts lanceolate herbaceous much longer than the flower usually divaricate, sepals and petals subequal, spur stout about as long as the shortly beaked ovary incurved clavate. SiKZiM Himalaya ; in the interior valleys, alt. 10-12,000 ft., J. D. S. Stem 5-10 in. Leaf sessile, 2-4 by f-l^ in., obtuse or subacute. i:)pike 1^-4 in., lax-fld. ; bracts spreading, lower f-1 in., green, upper gradually smaller, uppermost hardly exceeding the short sessile curved ovary; sepals ^ in. long, oblong or oblong- lanceolate, subacute, obscurely 3-nerved, subciliolate ; petals as long, triangular- lanceolate, base of lower margin gibbous ; lip linear-lanceolate, fleshy ; anther-cells parallel, tubes 0 j pollinia pyriform, caudicles short, glands minute ; stigmatic processes short ; rostellum fleshy, triangular, obtuse. 71. K. leptocaulon, Sooh.f. ; stem slender, with 2-3 narrow distant sheaths above the linear-oblong acute leaf, spike slender few-fld., bracts equalling the erect curved ovary, sepals and petals subequal, spur slender as long as the ovary incurved. SiKKiM Himalaya ; Lachen Valley, alt. 10-11,000 ft., J. D. K. Stem 8-12 in. Leaf below the middle of the stem, l|-4 by f in.; sheaths above the leaves 1-1^ in., linear-lanceolate, erect. Spike 3-8-fld., 1-2 in., rachis slender; bracts ^-^ in., erect, slender; sepals \ in. long, l-nerved, lanceolate, acute; petals broader than the sepals, triangular-lanceolate from a broad gibbous base, fleshy ; anthers as in H. oligantha, but rostellum shorter, and glands of pollinia large, oblong, resting on the sides of the rostellum; stigmatic processes short. — Near H. oligantha, but distinguished by the narrow leaves, the sheaths above them, small bracts, and long slender spur. 72. K. pachycaulon, Hooh. /. ; stem short very stout with 2 or 3 large herbaceous sheaths above the solitary oblong leaf, spike short dense-fld., bracts herbaceous much longer than the flowers, sepals and petals subequal, lip ovate-lanceolate, spur equalling the ovary incurved clavate. SiKZiM Himalaya ; Lachen Valley, alt. 12,000 ft., /. D. H. ; Nattong, King's Collector. Rootstock branched ; roots thick, fleshy. 8tem 4-6 in., as thick as a goose-quill or less. Leaf 2A^-3i by f-l|- in., thick, obtuse ; sheaths 1-1^ in., lanceolate. tSpike 1^-2 in. ; bracts f-i in., many-nerved; flowers purple; ovary ^ in,, hardy beaked; sepals thick, linear-oblong, l-nerved, ciliolate ; petals shorter, ovate-oblong, fleshy j lip fleshy, subacute ; anther-cells parallel; glands of pollinia oblong resting on the sides of the short acute rostellum ; stigmatic processes obscure. 73. H. nexnatocaulon^ HooTc.f. ; stem very slender naked or with one or two sheaths above the small oblong subacute leaf, spike very slender lax-fld., bracts half the length of the erect ovary, flowers minute, sepals erect and petals subequal, lip oblong-lanceolate, spur very short clavate. SizziM Himalaya ; alt. 10-12,000 ft. J. JD. R., Clarke. Stem 3-8 in. iga/ towards the base of the stem, 1-li in. ; sheaths usually very small, rarely green and leaf-like. Spike 2-4 in. long; bracts membranous; ovary ^-^ in., hardly beaked ; flowers -^^ in. long; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, l-nerved ; petals as broad as the dorsal sepal, triangular-ovate, acute, l-nerved ; lip not fleshy, 5-nerved, obtuse; spur not half the length of the sepals, neck contracted; anther short, broad, cells parallel, glands of pollinia rather large, resting on the sides of the erect fleshy rostellum ; stigmatic processes globose. Capsule ^ in. long, sessile, erect, fusiform, beaked. — The erect lateral sepals, minute flowers and short spur, are those Sahenaria^ cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 165 of Sect. Perisft/lus, to which this species is perhaps referable, but the branched rootstock, habit, and habitat induce me to refer it here. ** 'No stigraatic processes. 74. K. arcuata. Hook. f. ; stem very robust leafy, leaves oblong or lanceolate, bracts herbaceous narrow longer than the large flowers, dorsal sepal beaked, petals small linear membranous, lip twice as long as the sepals linear, spur many times longer than the ovary. Platanthera ar- cuata, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. OrcJdd. 289. Western Himalaya,- Royle-, Naini Tal, Davidson. Stem as thick as the little finger. Leaves 3-4 in., oblong, subacute, upper lanceolate, bases sheathing. Spike many-fld. ; lower bracts l-li in., linenr-lanceolate ; ovary l-^ in., hai'dly beaked, curved ; sepals i in. Icng, dorsal cuculiate, lateral larger, oblong, obtuse, 3-nerved, deflexed ; petals very narrow, 1-nerved ; lip large, linear, with rounded shoulders at the b ise, puberulous, sides reflexed, spur 2-2|^ in., in- curved, acute; anther large, broad, cells divergent, tubes erect; pollinia with stout, short caudicles, glands very large, ovate ; rostellum broad, flat, acute. — A very remarkable species, with the lip of Hologlossa, but anther of the larger Trimero- glossce. I have seen but one specimen from Col, Davidson, and a rude tracing in Herb. Lindl., of Royle's plant. 75. K. sikkiznensis. Hook. f. ; stem stout leafy, spike elongate lax- fld., bracts herbaceous longer than the large flowers, petals as large as the sepals triangular-lanceolate, lip as long as the sepals linear, spur rather onger than the ovary very stout obtuse strongly incurved. SiKKiM Himalaya ; on Sinchal, alt. 8-9000 ft,, Thomson. Stem with spike 10-12 in. Leaves 3-4 in., narrowly oblong. Spike 3-4 in.; bracts lanceolate, acute, lower 1^ in., spreading and reflexed ; ovary f in., strongly curved, hardly beaked ; sepals 3-nerved, green, dorsal broadly ovate obtuse rather shorter than the oblong-lanceolate acuminate spreading lateral; lip linear; anther broad, cells narrow, distant, tubes short ; pollinia rather shorter than their stout caudicles, glands small ; rostellum obscure, very broadly triangular. — Closely allied to H. acuminata, but flowers much larger, and there are no stigmatic processes or rostellum. The broad anthers and its cells are those of H. arcuata. Only one specimen seen. 76. K. concinna. Hook. f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; small, stem many-leaved, leaves small sessile erect ovate or oblong, spike many-fld., bracts longer than the small flowers herbaceous, lateral sepals linear longer and much narrower than tbe dorsal and petals, lip linear from a broad base as long as the sepals, spur as long as the ovary slender incurved acute. Khasia Hills ; at Kala-pane, ait. 5000 ft., J. D. H. ^ T. T. ; Clarice. Root of thick tuberous fibres. Steyn with spike 4-8 in. Leave.i almost imbrica- ting, amplexicaul, lower 1-1^ in. obtuse, upper gradually smaller acute ; spike 2-4 in., rather dense-fid.; bracts ^ in., ovate-lanceolate, acute; ovary \ in., suberect ; dorsal sepals 3-nerved, ovate, obtuse ; lateral ^ in. long, refiexed, obtuse, 1-nerved ; petals as long as the dorsal sepal, 1-3-nerved ; lip narrow ; anther large, cells distant, bases slightly divergent, tubes 0 ; pollinia as long as their caudicles, glands small ; rostellum triangular. — The habit is that of Sect. Peristylus. 77. ZZ. zosterostyloides. Hook. f. ; radical leaves long-petioled elliptic acute, cauline sessile ovate-cordate amplexicaul, racemes long sparse-fid., bracts as long as the ovary, lateral sepals linear-oblong obtuse rather longer than the rounded ovate dorsal, petals as large as. the dorsal sepal triangular-ovate, lip linear as long as the sepals, spur as long as the ovary slender acute. 156 cxLviii. ORCHiuE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [^Habenaria. Malayan Peninsula ; ou Mt. Ophir, Griffith {Kew Dlstrih., 5359), Lohh, Perak, ScortecMni, alt. 7000 ft., Wray. Root of thick tomentose fibres spreading from the crown, which gives off one or more long-petioied leaves and a tall rather slender scape. Radical leaf 4-6 in. Scape with the raceme 12-18 inches high, with membranous basal sheaths, and bearing one pr more sessile or oblong leaves about the middle, and with 2-8 small distant ovate herbaceous sheaths above them. Spike 4-6 in,; flowers distant ; bracts | in. long, lanceolate, acuminate ; sepals dorsal, 3-nerved, nearly orbicular, lateral ^ in. subacute, reflexed ; lip elongate, linguilorm, obtuse; anther broad, cells distant divergent, tubes hardly any ; pollinia shorter than their stout caudicles, glands large orbicular ; stigmatic processes 0 ; rostellum very obscure. Capsule (immature) sessile, curved. — A remarkable species, in habit unlike any other. The solitary loug-petioled radical leaf, sometimes distant from the flowering stem, is very peculiar, and closely resembles that of Crypto&tylis (Zosterostylis, Blicme), zeylanica. Sect. VI. Peristylus. (See p. 132.) * Spur as long the sepals, or longer, or shorter in H. aristata. t Leaves scattei^ed along the stem, or radicoJ. [See also 83. H. Gardneri.) 78. K. bicornuta^ Hook. f. ; leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, spike long many-fld., bracts equalling or exceeding the ovary, lateral sepals linear obtuse, petals as long elliptic, lip tripartite, segments fili- form, lateral longer than the sepals recurved over the flower, mid-seg- ment shorter, spur longer than the sepals clavate or fusiform incurved. Peristylus Richardianus, Wic/ht Ic. t. 1097. The Westeen Ghats ; on the Nilghiri and Pulney hills, ascending to 6500 ft. Stem 1-2 ft., rather stout. Leaves 2-3 in., sessile, acute or acuminate, 5-7- nerved. Spike 6-10 in., rather dense-fld. ; bracts herbaceous, lanceolate, acuminate, lower ^-f in. ; sepals ^ in. long, dorsal oblong obtuse sub 5-nerved, lateral erect at length spreading ; petals 1-nerved ; lip with a large concave claw, mid-segment variable in length from triangular to linear, straight, obtuse ; spur stout ; anther minute, cells parallel, tubes 0, pollinia clavate, caudicles short ; stigmatic processes long, lying in the claw of the lip ; rostellum truncate, plicate, concealing the base of the cells and pollen glands ? — Blackens when dry. Differs from stenostachya in the larger flowers, long side lobes of the lip, and spur. 79. K. Stenostachya, Benth. Ft. Hongk. 362 ; leaves lanceolate acuminate, spike narrow lax- or dense-fld., flowers small, bracts equalling or exceeding the ovary, lateral sepals linear obtuse, petals larger than the sepals triangular-ovate or oblong fleshy, lip as long as the sepals 3-fid, side lobes subulate, midlobe usually shorter broader and obtuse, spur straight about as long as the ovary. H. peristyloides, Wight Ic. 1. 1702. Platan- thera stenostachya, Lindl. in Hook. Journ. Bot. vii. (1855) 37. Gymna- denia ? tenuis, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 70b7. Coeloglossum densnm, Lindl. Gen. tSc Sp. Orchid. 302. C. peristyloides, Beichb. f. in Bonpland. 1856, 321. C. cernuum, Bf. I. c. 1855, 250. SiKSiM Himalaya, Kiny (Berb. Calcutt.), the Khasia Hills, Tenasseeim, and the Deccan Peninsula, from the Concan Southward. — Distrib. China. Stem with the spike 6-30 in., usually slender, with many small sheaths above the leaves. Leases 1-4 in., sometimes all subradical, erect, buses sheathing, 5-7-nerved, Spike 3-5 in. ; flowers small, erect, greenish yellow or white, about \ in. diam. ; bracts ^-\ in., broadly ovate-lanceolate, finely acuminate; ovary \ in.; sepals a in. long, feubequal, concave, lateral suberect, at length spreading, nerve very thick, produced into a point under the apex of the sepal; lip with a large excavate base, very variable in the length of the lobes, lateral spreading or recurved; anther Hahenaria.] CXLVtii. ORCnlDEiE. (J. D. Hool^er.) 157 minute, cells parallel, tubes 0 ; pollinia short, grains large, caudicle and gland obscure ; stigmatic processes clavate ; rostellum erect, truncate, toothed, plicate, con- cealing the glands of the pollinia. — Habit of H. viridiflora. In the Khasia specimens the midlobe of the lip is much longer than in the Peninsular. 1 have had diffi- culty in choosing a specific name, for Bentham, in adopting stenostachya, overlooked the older published one of tenuis. That of peristyloides may be objected to from the plant being sectionally a Peridylus, though Wight did not recognize it as such, and it is preoccupied by A. Richard for an Abyssinian species. 80. K. cubitalis, Br. Prodr. 312 ; tall, slender, leaves scattered or sub- radical, linear oblong or lanceolate acute, spike long narrow, flowers minute, bracts as long as the curved ovary or shorter, sepals linear-oblong concave keeled, petals larger ovate-obloag, lip not exceeding the sepals 3-fid, side lobes spreading and recurved, midlobe shorter broad obtuse, spur straight as long as the sepals nearly cylindric. Platanthera cubitalis, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 292; Thwaites Enum. 310. Orchis cubitalis, Linn. Fl. Zeyl. 320. The Kfasia Mts., Ten asserim, Park's 7i, &c. Ceylon ; Hermann, at Pasdoon Corle, Thwaites. Stem with the slender spike 1-3 ft. Leaves 2-6 in., sessile, flat, nerves obscure. Spike 8-12 in. ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, lower i in.; ovary ^^ in., erect, tip decurved ; sepals ^^2 ^"'j obtuse, 1-nerved, nerve produced beneath the tip, dorsal longest and broadest; petals obliquely oblong, obtuse; lip with a short concave claw, lateral lobes shorter than or equalling the sepals ; anther minute, cells parallel, tubes 0, pollinia short granular, caudicles and glands obscure ; stigmatic processes clavate ; rostellum erect, truncate, toothed, plicate, concealing the glands of the pollinia. — Near H. stenostacJiya, but flowers much smaller. There are two forms in Ceylon, one with leaves scattered along the stem, and another also found in Tenasserim with radical leaves ; the latter is, — Var. hrevifolia; leaves very short I-I5 in. radical linear-oblong. Cceloglossum brevifolium, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 302 (exel. hah. Nepal). — Tavoy, Wallick. Ceylon, Walker Sf Oardn. Wallich's specimen in Herb. Linn. Soc. are not numbered by him, but are ticketed, " Tavoy, Dec. 16, 1827." The number 7041 which has been put on the sheet by another hand, Wallich gave only to the Khasian plant, his linifolia (H. khasiana, p. 151). To var. brevifolia he gave the mss. name of com- melinifolia (not micrantha, as Lindley states in his Herbarium). ft Leaves clustered round the middle of the stem (sometimes scattered in H. Grardneri.) Slender species; spike long, lax-fid. 81. K. tipulifera, Far. & Beichh.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 139; leaves 4-6 linear-lanceolate acuminate, bracts very slender equalling the slender ovaries, lateral sepals linear obtuse, petals broader ovate-oblong obtuse membranous, lateral segments of lip many times longer than the sepals capillary, mid one short subulate, spur clavate as long as the sepals. ? Peristylns gracilis, Blume Bijdr. 406. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem 1-2 ft., with appressed sheaths below the leaves, and 1-2 lanceolate ones above them. Leaves 5-8 by |-1 in., clustered about the middle of the stem, mem- branous, sessile. Spike 6-10 in.; flowers erect, small, distant; bracts ^-| in.; ovaries as long, straight; sepals i in. long, 1-uerved, dorsal ovate-oblong broad or narrow, lateral erect ; lip divided close to the narrow concave claw ; anther minute cells parallel, tubes 0, pollinia clavate, caudicles very short, glands oblong; stigmatic processes margining the claw of the lip ; rostellum broad, plicate, concealing the bases of the anther-cells and glands. Capsule^ in., very slender, straight, erect. Very near ^. aristata, differing in the long narrow leaves, and much longer very slender ovary. 158 cxLviii. OROHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Sabenaria. 82. K. aristata, JELooh. f. ; very slender, leaves 8-5 elliptic-lanceolate membranous, spike very slender lax-fld., bracts shorter than the shortly beaked ovaries, sepals subequal linear obtuse, petals broader oblong mem- branous, lip longer than the sepals 3-partite lateral segments longest filiform or capillary, spur clavate or fusiform equalling or shorter than the sepals. Peristylus aristatus, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 300; Thivaites JEnum. 310 {in part excl. syn.). P. exilis, Wight Ic. t. 1698. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft. /. B. H. Sc T. T. Travancoke j on the Palney Mts., Wight. Ceylon; at Nevvera Elia, Thwaiies.' Stem with spike 18-20 in. Leaves 2-3 iu., clustered around the middle of the stem, sessile or subpetioled. Scape with a few narrow sheaths ; bracts -| in. , ovate- lauceolate ; flowers distant, :^ in. diam,, greenish; ovary ^ in., erect; sepals and petals membranous, 1-nerved, ^ iu. long; lip with a retrose spur over the concave claw, lateral segments broad at the base sometimes very long and circinnate, spur variable; anther minute, cells parallel, tubes 0, poUinia minute of few graius, caudicles and glands obscure ; stigmatic processes clavate ; rostellum obscure. Capsule ^ in., fusiform. — The very minute column is so distorted by pressure that I have failed to detect the relations of the rostellum to the gland of the pollinia. 83. K. G-ardneri, Hook. f. ; tall, leaves oblong-lanceolate acute, spike narrow many-fid., bracts as long as the ovary, lateral sepals linear- oblong falcate obtuse, petals larger broadly oblong obtuse, lip rather longer than the sepals 3-partite lateral segments subulate recurved mid- segment shorter obtuse, spur as long as the sepals incurved tip globose didymous. Peristylus aristatus, Thwaites Enum. 310 {in part). Gwi-LQ-^, Gardner, Walker; Adam's Peak, Thioaites {C.V, 3081. Zc. m Serb. Peraderuya, 2373 iii Herb. Lindl.). Stem with spike 14-30 in., stout or slender, naked below and above except for a few sheaths. Leaves 2-3 in., usually clustered towards the middle of the stem, spreading or suberect, strongly 5-7-nerved beneath, bases sheathing. Spike 6-14 in. , rather stout ; lower bracts ^ in., ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; ovary erect, ^-f in. j sepals \ in. long and petals spreading, lateral sepals falcate linear obtuse ; lip thick, claw concave ; anther small, cells parallel, tubes 0, pollinia pyriform grains large, caudicles and glands obscure ; stigmatic processes clavate ; rostellum erect, truncate, toothed, plicate, concealing the glands of the pollinia. Capsule ^ in., erect, fusiform, hardly beaked, very shortly pedicelled. — Differs from H. aristata in the large size, robust habit, less membranous leaves with strong nerves, larger flowers and longer ovary and capsule. Near H. stenostachya, but the spike and ovaries are much longer, the stem naked below for several inches, and the spur shorter. 84. K> Stocksii, Hook. f. ; rather stout, leaves obovate or elliptic obtuse acute or acuminate, spike strict twisted, flowers secund, bracts longer than the ovaries, lateral sepals linear-oblong, dorsal elliptic, petals larger ovate obtuse fleshy, lip shorter than the sepals obtusely 3-Jid, spur as long as the sepals straight or incurved subclavate. The CoNCAN and Mysore, Stocks, Ritchie, &c. Stem with spike 6-18 in. Leaves more or less clustered towards the middle of the stem, 4-6 iu. long, usually petioled. Spike 3-6 in. ; lower bracts often f iu. long, finely acuminate; ovary \-\ in., curved; flowers ^ in. diam., yellowish; lateral sepals at length reflexed ; lateral lobes of lip incurved, claw broad concave ; anther minute, cells parallel, pollen clavate; stigmatic lobes clavate; rostellum minute, erect, 2-fid. — Very like H.. Lawii, but spur quite ditferent. ** Spur much shorter than the sepals, globose or ellipsoid. Habenaria.] cxlviii. OROHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 159 f Siem leafy, leaves scattered or siohimhricate. 85. K. breviloba, SooJc.f. ; slender, leaves o})long-laiiceolate acumi- nate, spike short dense-fid., bracts about equalling the ovary, lateral sepals lanceolate, petals broadly oblong, lip as long as the sepals obcordate sub- flabelliform, spur minute inflated incurved. Peri stylus brevilobus, Thwaites Enum. 311. Cexlon ; near Ratnapoora, Thioaites. Stem with spike 10-18 in., naked below. Leaves 2-3 by |-| in., bases sheathing, nerves very slender. Spike (young) 1 in. ; bracts lanceolate, finely acuminate ; ovary i in. ; lateral sepals linear-lanceolate, subacute, 1-nerved ; petals oblong, obtuse, 3-nerved ; lip sessile at the base of the column ; anther oblong, truncate, cells parallel, tubes 0 ; stigmatic processes 0 ; rostellum 3-ficl, concealing the small polliniar glands. — A very anomalous species, the flowers are too young for satis- factory analysis. Thwaites describes the lip as having a minute midlobe. 86. ZZ. malabarica, Hook. f. ; stem leafy, leaves many ovate or lanceolate acuminate upper passing into bracts longer than the flowers, spikes many-fld., ovary very short, lateral sepals linear, petals obliquely ovate-oblong obtuse, lip as long as the sepals deeply trifid, lateral seg- ments subulate recurved, mid one straight, spur a small globose didymous or ellipsoid sac. Peristylus brachyphyllus, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, XV. 70, t. 2 A. NiLGHiEi, and Bababudan Hills in Canaea, Heyne, Perrottet, Siocks. Stem rather stout, 6-12 in. Leaves 1-2^ in., bases sheathing, nerves very slender. Spike 2-4 in., rather dense -fid. ; bracts herbaceous, lower -i-f in. or longer, often twice as long as the flowers, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sheathing ; ovary ^ in. ; lateral sepals as long, erect or spreading, 1-nerved, apiculate below the tip, dorsal elliptic obtuse faintly 3-nerved; base of lip 3-lobed above the concave claw, contracted at the base of the segments ; spur incurved or not ; anther-cfeUa parallel, glauds of pollinia concealed by the 3 -fid rostellum; stigmatic processes clavate. — Habit of R. peristyloides & concinna. 87. K. torta. Hook. f. ; small, slender, subbasal leaves linear-lanceo- late upper passing into narrow sheaths, spike very slender lax-fld. twisted, bracts longer than the very small secund flowers, lateral sepals linear obtuse, petals linear- oblong, lip equalling the sepals 8-cleft beyond the middle, lobes short obtuse lateral spreading or incurved midlobe straight, spur a minute sac. Peristylus spiralis, A. Uicli. in Ann. 8c. Nat. Ser. 2, XV. 69, t. 2 B ; Wiffht Ic. t. 1696. On the Western Ghats ; from the Concan to Travancore, Wight, ^c. Ceyxon, in the Central Province, alt. 4-7000 ft. Stem with the spike 6-18 in., often flexuous. Leaves 1-2^ in., obtuse acute or acuminate, nerveless, passing into the sheaths of the scape. Spike 2-4 in., rachis often flexuous ; bracts \-\ in., lanceolate, acuminate ; flowers decurved, greenish white; lateral sepals reflexed, y^q-|^ in. long, dorsal linear-oblong obtuse; lip very variable, fleshy, broader or narrower than long, base truncate above the short concave claw; anther minute, cells parallel; stigmatic processes clavate; ros- tellum between the cells, 3-fid. — The Ceylon plant has larger flowers than the Peninsular. 88. K. Prainii, Hook. f. ; stem slender naked above or with one or two sheaths, leaves few oblong or ovate-oblong acute, spike many-fld., bracts as long or longer than the ovary, lateral sepals linear-oblong obtuse, petals 160 CXLVilt. orch1de;r. (J. B. Hooker.) [JSabenafia. broadly ovate fleshy obtuse or apiculate, lip shorter than the sepals broad obtusely 3-lobed at the apex, spur a minute globose sac. Naga. Hills in Uppeb Assam ; on Kohima, Train. Upper Burma {in Hrrh. Calcutt.). Stem 12-18 in., naked below, and above except for a few lanceolate sheaths. Leaves \\~2 in., obtuse or acute, sessile, nerves obscure. Spike 2-3 in., rather dense-fld. ; bracts subulate-lanceolate, acuminate, not herbaceous, lower ^ in. ; ovary |-i in. ; flowers nearly horizontal ; sepals f— i in. long, apiculate behind the tip, 1 nerved ; lip with a broad concave claw ; anther small short broad, cells parallel ; stigmatic processes rather long ; rostellum minute, 3-fid. 89. K. robiistior, Hook, f. ; stem tall slender naked below, leaves close set ovate-lanceolate acuminate passing into foliaceous imbricating bracts much longer than the flowers, spike many-fld., flowers erect, lateral sepals linear acute, petals oblong obtuse, lip longer than the sepals 3-partite lateral segments elongate subulate recurved over the flower, mid one shorter straight obtuse, spur very small ellipsoid or fusiform. Peristylus lancifo- lius, A. Rich, in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 69, t. 2 C. P. robustior, Wight Ic. t. 1699. Gymnadenia secunda, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7054. Coelo- glossum secundum, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 303. Satyrum foliosum, Herh. Seyne. Malabar ; in the Bababm'an Hills, Keyne. Nilghiri Hills, Ferrottet, Lobh. Travancoke ; in the Pulney Hills, Wight. Stem 1-2 tt., sometimes naked for a foot, then leafy, the leaves gradually diminishing upwards. Leaves 2-3 in., subereet or spreading, bases sheathing, nerves obscure. Spike 2-6 in. ; bracts twice as long as the flowers, lower %-l in. long, green; ovaries ^ in. long, nearly straight; lateral sepals 5- in., 1-nerved, reflexed ; petals nearly as long, 2-3-uerved ; lip 2-auricled at the small concave claw; anther-cells parallel ; stigmatic processes long; rostellum 3-fid, between the cells. Capsule ^ in., oblong, erect. — Wight's figure of P. robustior has the flowers large, bracts shorter and side segments of lip much larger and more slender than in his specimens, which bear the mss. name of P. persimilis. 90. K. Kamiltoniana, Hook. f. ; stem tall slender naked below, leaves linear-lanceolate acuminate, spike dense-fld., bracts flliform much longer than the minute flowers, lateral sepals linear-oblong obtuse, petals broadly oblong, lip shorter than the sepals broad shortly obtusely 3-lobed, spur globose. Herminium Bamiltonianum, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7069. Peristylis Hamiltonianus, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sj). Orchid. 299. Orchis micranthema, Herh. Ham. Nepal ; in the Morung, Hamilton. Sikkim Himalaya, Griffith's Collectors (Keio Distrih. 5356). Khasca Mts. ; on Shillong, Clarke. Stem 6-12 in., stout or slender, elongate and sheathed below the leaves, and with one or two filiform sheaths a))ove them. Leaves 4-6 by ^-i in., or broader, some- times overtopping the spike, nerves obscure. Spike 3-6 in. ; bracts .^-f in., often tortuous (when dry) ; ovary ^-^ in., slender, subereet ; sepals |- in., l-nerved, nerve strong, excurrent below the tip, dorsal oblong; lip broadly cuneate, base broad, concave, lobes variable ; spur large for the size of the flower, bladdery ; anther- cells parallel, glands of pollinia exposed on each side of the minute rostellum ; stigmatic processes large, clavate. — Habit of H. robustior, but the flowers are much smaller, the lateral sepals obtuse, and the spur globose. ff Leaves clustered ahout the middle of the stem. 91. K. grig'as, Hook.f.; stem very stout and tall, leaves elliptic acuminate, spike very many and dense-fld., bracts membranous longer Hahenaria.] cxLviii. ORCiiiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 161 than the flowers, lateral sepals ^ in. long lanceolate acuminate, petals as long gibbously ovate obtusely acuminate, lip as long as the sepals obtusely tritid lobes subparallel, spur very shortly oblong. Peeak ; in the Eatong Padang Valley, Wray. Stem 4-5 ft., hoi low at the base, nearly an inch diam., nearly 3 ft. before leafing j sheaths above the leaves few. Leaves 8-10 by 3-4 in., narrowed into a petiole. Spike 8 in., cylindric. lax-fid. below; bracts f in., lanceolate ; ovaries ^ in. ; flowers pale green; sepals l-newed, f in. long, dorsal linear-oblong, obtuse; petals with fleshy tips; lip rather oblong, lobes subequal ; spur an incurved sac; anther orbi- cular, cells parallel, tubes upcurved, pollinia clavate subsessile on the large oblong glands which have recurved sides ; stigmatic processes large, clavate, adnata to the sides of the lip; rostellum small. Capsule f in., sessile, linear-oblong, obtuse, not twisted. — Resembles a huge H. goodyeroides, but leaves petioled, flowers smaller, lip shorter, capsule much longer. 92. H. groodyeroides, Don Prodr. 25; stem 1-2 ft. stout*, leaves elliptic-oblong or -lanceolate acute, spite elongate dense-fld., flowers sub- secund, bracts equalling or exceeding the ovary, lateral sepals ^ in. linear- or ovate-oblong obtuse, petals gibbously ovate, lip as long as the sepals trifid, spur minute. Peristylus goodyeroides, Lindl. Gen. Sf 8p. Orchid. 299 ; Balz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 270 : Royle III. t. 87, f. 2. P. grandis, Blume Bijdr, 405. Herminium goodyeroides, Lindl. in Wall. Gat. 7066. Subtropical Himalaya ; from Kumaon to Bhotan, alt. 2-5000 ft. The Khasia Mts. and Silhet, Munnipoee, Tenasseeim and the Andaman Islands. The Deccan Peninsula, from Behar (on Parusnath) and the Concan to Travancore. — DiSTElB. Java, Philippine Islands. Stem 1-2 ft., stout. Leaves 6-10 by 2-3 ft., base contracted, hardly petioled. Spike 4-12 in. ; bracts lanceolate, membranous ; flowers about ^ in. diam., very variable in size, yellowish green ; sepals |-i in. ; lip recurved, sessile, lobes very variable, spur subglobose fusiform or clavate; anther small, tubes very short, pollinia clavate, caudicles hardly any ; glands small ; stigmatic processes short clavate; rostellum erect, toothed. Capsule ^ in., sessile, fusiform, acute. — The Ceylon habitat given by Thwaites no doubt refers to if. TFightii, which has been confounded with this. 93. II . constricta, Hook. f. ; stem stout tall, leaves elliptic acute or acuminate, spike dense-fld. cylindric, bracts as long or longer than the flowers, lateral sepals linear-lanceolate, petals larger ovate-oblong gibbous on the lower side, lip rather longer than the sepals 3-tid to the middle side lobes slender longer than the midlobe, spur globose. Platanthera con- stricta, Liyidl. in Wall. Gat. 7043. Herminium constrictum, Lindl. in Bot. Beg. under t. 1449. Peristylus constrictus, Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 300. Orchis leucantha, Herb. Ham. Subtropical Sikkim, J. D. H. Khasia Hills, alt. 2-4000 ft., J. D. E. S'' T. T., &c. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Heifer {Kew Dlstrib. 5357), &c. Stem with spike 2-3 ft. Leaves 4-6 by 2|-4 in., narrowed at the base or broadly petioled. Spike 4-8 in. ; bracts large ; flowers yellowish ; sepals ^-| in., dorsal lanceolate ; lobes of lip very variable, claw hardly any ; anther minute, cells parallel, tubes short ; pollinia clavate, caudicles short, glands large ; stigmatic pro- cesses clavate j rostellum 2-fid, erect. 94. K. Parishii, Hook. f. ; stem short stout, leaves sessile ovate- oblong, spike narrow elongate, bracts linear-lanceolate longer than the small flowers both erect, lateral sepals linear-oblong obtuse, petals broader ovate-oblong, lip as long as the sepals shortly 3-lobed beyond the middle, VOL. VI. M 162 cxLviii. OECHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Hahenaria. spur very short fusiform. Peristylus Parishii, BeicJib. /. in Trans. Linn. tSoc. XXX. 139. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Stem below the leaves very stout, 3-4 in., laxly sheathed, above the stem 3-6 in., with 2-3 lanceolate sheaths. Leaves 3-5 by l|-2 in., acute or acuminate. SpiJce 4-6 in, ; bracts ^-| in, with filiform tips and flowers appressed to the rnchis ; ovary ^ in, ; sep'.ils i in, ; petals ovate-cordate, obtuse ; lip very variable in form, broad or narrow, lobes short obtuse, or the middle one narrower and longer, — Turns black in drying. The specimens are not good. Perhaps a form o£ goodyeroides. 95. K. Wlg*htii, Trimen Cat. Ceyl. PI. 91; tall, leaves oblong- lanceolate acuminate, spike elongate narrow dense-fid,, bracts longer than the ovary, flowers small, lateral sepals oblong obtuse dorsal shorter orbicular or very broadly ovate, petals very broad obliquely orbicular nerves branched, lip shorter than the sepals broad entire or shortly 3-lobed, spur small scrotiform, H. goodyeroides, Hook. Bat. Macf. t, 3397 (not of Lindl.). Peristylus plantagineus, Lincll. Gen. S( Sp. Orchid. 300 ; Wight Lc. t. 921 ; Thioaites Enum. 310, P. elatas, Dalz. in Hooh. Journ. Bot. iii. (185) 3-14, The CoNCAN, Nimmo; Malwan, Balzell, &c. Travancore ; at Paul Ghat, Wight. Ceylon, Macrae. Stem 1-2 ft., rather stout, loosely sheathed below^ the leaves and with lanceolate sheaths above them. Leaves 5-7 by 2^-3 in., acute or acuminate. Spike 4-8 in, ; bracts ^ in., lanceolate ; ovary ^-J in, ; flowers greenish white ; sepal:^ l-nerved, lateral } in., apiculate below the lip, dorsal ^ in. shorter ; lip contracted beyond the very short broad concave base ; anther rounded, cells parallel with short recurved tubes j pollinia clavate, caudicles very short, glands small solid ; stigmatic processes short ; rostellum short, acute. — Dalzell describes the petals as longer than the sepals, I do not find the erect long narrow processes on each side of the anther figured in Bot, Mag. — The Travancore plant figured by Wight pre- cisely resembles the Coucan one. 96. XE. Xiawiiy Hooh. f. ; stem slender not tall, leaves few elliptic or lanceolate, spike slender, flowers few or many distaut very small, bracts longer than the ovary, sepals obtuse, dorsal elliptic, lateral linear-oblong, sepals very broad obtuse, lip as long as the sepals broadly obtusely 3-fid, spur small globose or clavate. Peristylus Lawii, Wight Lc. t. 1695 ; Dalz. Sc Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 270, Behar; on Parusnath, alt. 4200 ft., OlarJce. The Concan and Maisor, Laio, &c. Stem 6-10 in,, loosely sheathed below the leaves. Leaves 3-5, membranous, 3-4 by 1-2 in., subpetioled, acute. SpiJce narrow, strict, 2-3 in., lax-fld, ; bracts ^-^ iu,, ovate-lanceolate, membranous ; ovavy ^ in., straight or curved, almost beaked ; flowers i in, diam., yellow ; sepals ^— i in,, l-nei-ved, at length spreading ; petals thick ; lip broad with a concave claw ; anther-cells parallel, tubes 0, poUinia clavate, caudicleO, glands small, stigmatic processes clavate ; rostellum short, acute, — Wight's figure is of a very indifierent few-fld. specimen. 97. Ka Brazidisii, Hook. f. ; very slender, leaves scattered towards the middle of the stem linear- or oblong-lanceolate acute, spike very long laxly many-fld., bracts nearly as long as the erect not beaked ovary, lateral sepals linear obtuse, petals broader ovate-oblong, lip clawed 3-partite, segments much longer than the sepals, lateral segments capillary, midlobe short, spur very short globose. Pegu, Brandis (Rerh. Bort. Calcutt.). Hdbenaria.'] cxLviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 163 Stem with spike 20 in. Leaves 3-5 iu., membranous, upper smaller. Spike 8 in., very slender ; bracts^ in., ovate-lanceolate; flowers i in. diam. ; sepals and petals membranous, 1-nerved, lateral sepals deflexed ; long segments of lip 1 in. ; spur sub 2-lobed, with a very short contracted neck; oyary small, with a thick dorsal ridge and terminal beak, cells parallel (tubes short upcurved ?) ; pollen grains few, large, glands not seen j stigmatic processes clavate j rostellum erect between the cells.— Closely allied to H. aristata^ though with so different a spur. ftt Leaves few radical^ or solitary and cauline. 98. K. lacertifera, Benth. Fl. Hongk. 362 ; stem or scape stout or slender with few or many erect sheaths, leaves usually radical ovate or oblong, spike elongate few- or many-fld., bracts narrow longer than the erect very small flowers, lateral sepals linear-oblong obtuse, lip equalling or longer than the sepals trifid tripartite or obtusely 3-toothed, lobes or segments short subequal or the lateral long, spur minute ovoid or globose. Coeloglossum lacertiterum & acuminatum, Lindl. Gen. & /Sp. Orchid. 302. Peristylus chloranthus, Lindl. in Kew Journ. Bot. vii. (1855) 37. Gymna- denia F tenuiflora, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7055. Chaeradoplectron Spiranthes, Schauer iu PI. Meyen. 436, t. 13 0. Khasia, Naoa and Munnipore Hills, alt. 2-4500 ft., Tenasseeim, Tavoy and Penano, TFa^ZicA.— Disteib. Hong Kong. ^tem 6-10 in. ; sheaths ^-1 in., lanceolate. Leaves few, 1-2 in., spreading, acute or obtuse, ^pike 3-10 in., slender, lax- or dense-fld. ; lowenbracts often f in. ; ovary \-\ in., slender, erect, not beaked; sepals i-i in., 1-nerved, dorsal ovate- oblong, obtuse ; petals variable, rather thick ; lip very variable in length, and in length of lobes or segments, limb with a short spur over the short broad claw ; anther minute, cells nearly parallel, tubes 0 ; pollinia ovoid, grains large, glands obscure ; stigmatic processes small ; rostellum a plicate-membrane stretched across the base of the anther but not ? concealing the glands. Capsule f in., sessile, oblong, obtuse. — Both this and the following var. are found in Penang. Lindley errs in giving *' Nepal, Wallich," as a habitat. I suspect that Lindley's Glossula tentaculata (Bot. Ptcg. t. 862), of Hong Kong, is only a form of this with elongate filiform side lobes of the lip. Var. rohusta; very stout, 12-18 in., leaves 3-5 by f-1 in., spike very long many-fld., lateral segments of lip slender exserted much longer than the middle one. — Penang, Wallich, Maingay {Kew Distrib. 1662, Spiranthes), Curtis. 99. K. gracillima, Hook. f. ; stem long filiform, leaves subradical narrowly linear, spike elongate, flowers few minute distant, bracts shorter than the curved ovaries, lateral sepals linear-oblong, petals broader ovate obtuse fleshy, lip very short fleshy trifid lobes obtuse, spur very short inflated 2-lobed. Coeloglossum Mannii, Beickb. f. in Linneea xli. 54. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., on grassy hills, common. Munnipoee, ClarJce. Stem 6-16 in., with a few subulate sheaths. Leaves 1-3 by |— 5- in., alternate, acuminate. Spike 2-6 in. ; flowers \ in. apart ; bracts ^ in. ; ovary \ in. ; sepals -^T in., 1-nerved ; lip shorter than the sepals, claw as broad as and hardly shorter than the blade, midlobe rather the longest ; pollinia most minute, broadly pyriform, subsessile on one large flat ovate (2-fid ?) gland, grains large. Sect. yi. Phyllostachya. (See p. 132.) 100. H. graleandra, Benth. Fl. Songlc. 263; leaves oblong obtuse or subacute base contracted, bracts ovate, flowers \ in. diam., lip broadly cuneiformly obovate or obcordate, spur a short conical sac. Platanthera obcordata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7050 ; Gen. 8f Sp. Orchid. 290. P. gale- M 2 164 cxLViir. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hoolicr.) IHalenana. erndr a, Beu/ib. f. in Linncea, xxv. 226. P. Championi, Lindl. in HooTc. Journ. Bot. vii. (1855) 38. G^ranadenia obcordata & galeandra, Reichb.f. Ot. Baynh. 32, 33. Orchis obcordata, Don Prodr. 230. O. Susannge, Serb. Seyne. Western Himalaya ; Nepal, Wallieli ; Kuraaon, Blinkworth, alt. 7000 ft., Strachey ^ Winterlottom. Central India; Hawalbagh, Clarke. — Distrib. China. Tubers small, globose or oblong. Stem 6-8 in. , rather slender, glabrous or puberulous. ieaves 1-2 in., rarely subacute ; bases not sheathing. Spike 2-4 in. ; bracts oblong-ovate or lanceolate, lower twice as long as the pale purple flowers, upper shorter; ovaries -| in. long, glabrous or puberulous; dorsal sepal ovate, lateral falcately lanceolate; petals rather narrower, obtuse; lip shortly clawed, base puberulous ; anther-cells approximate ; rostellum very minute. — I do not find the difference between the spurs of the Indian and Chinese plant that Lindley indicates. Var. nilagirica; leaves broader acute, bases sheathing. Platanthera aflBnis, Wight Ic. t. 1693. — Travancore, on the Pulaey Mts., Heyne, Wight. Yar. major ; stem 12-18 in., leaves and larger flowers more remote. — Khasia Hills J at Myrung, alt. 5000 ft., J. D. H. Sr T. T. 101. K. jantha, JBenth. in Gen. Plant, iii. 626 ; leaves imbricate ovate or lanceolate amplexicaul acuminate, flowers J in. diam., lip broadly flabelliform or orbicular-obovate retuse crenulate, spur very short conical obtuse. Platanthera jantha, Wight Ic. v. 11 {? 1. 1692). Malabar and Travancore ; on the Nilghiri and Pulney Mts,, Wight. Except in being more robust and having much larger flowers, this hardly diff'ers from H. obcordata. Wight gives the larger flowers as a character, but in his figure t. 1692 they are represented as even smaller. In his specimen the lip is f in. diam. ; he describes the flowers as deep lilac, and the leaves as of the same colour and streaked with a darker shade. — Probably a large state R. obcordata. 102. K. Kelferl, jffbo^./. ; stem pubescent, leaves and bracts linear- or oblong-lanceolate acuminate, flowers 1-1^ in. diam., lip very large orbicular cucullate, spur infundibular acute. Gynmadenia Helferi, Beichb. f. in Flora 1872, 276 ; in Trans. Linn. 8oc. xxx. 139. Assam (Serb. Wight) Khasia Mts., Simons. Tenasserim, at Moulmein, Lohh. jffelfer. Parish. Stem 12-18 in., rather stout ; tubers oblong. Leaves 4-8 in., sessile, acuminate, base narrowed. Flowers shortly pedicelled ; sepals falcately-lanceolate, acuminate, nearly 1 in. long, green, lateral at length recurved ; petals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, green ; lip twice as large as the sepals, very concave with recurved edges, folded down the centre, purple; anther obtusely apiculate, cells narrow parallel, tubes very short, pollinia clavate, as long as their broadly winged caudicles, glands approximate, rather large; stigmatic processes obscure; rostellum small, fleshy, 3-lobed, erecb between the gland. Capstde f in., linear-oblong, sessile, erect, ribs thick.— Reichenbach describes the lip as broad or narrow. Sect. YII. Plectoglossa. (See p. 132.) 103. K. Perrottetlana, A. Hick, in Ann. 8c. Nat. Ser. 2, xv. 74, t. 4 B. Platanthera lutea, TFight Ic. t. 919. H. lutea, Benth. in Journ. Linn. Sac. xviii. 354 ; Gen. Plant, iii. 626. Teavancoee ; as the Pulney Mts. amongst long grass, Wight. Nilghiri Hills, Perrottet. Stem 1-2 ft, very stout; clothed with short imbricating amplexicaul sheathing acuminate leaves 2-3 in. long that pass upward into the bracts. Spike 6-8 in. ; Hahenaria.'] cxLViii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 165, bracts foliaceous, broadly ovate, 1^-2 in. lon^, cymbiform, acuminate ; ovary -| in. long, erect, slender, beaked, narrowly winged; sepals erect, f in., ovate-oblong, obtuse, concave ; petals erect, as long, linear, obtuse ; lip as long as the sepals, very ^coriaceous, triplicate in bud, being folded longitudinally down the middle, with the side lobes appressed to the midlobe, and each also folded down the middle with the concavity inwards, long clawed, cuneately obovate, obtuse, claw geniculate ; side lobes linear-oblong, obtuse, incurved, shorter than the triangular ovate midlobe ; spur pendulous, subclavate ; anther broad, bases of cells shortly upcurved ; pollinia large, pyriform, grains large, caudicles short, glands small orbicular. — The stigmatic pro- cesses differ from those of any other Indian Hahenaria, A. Richard figures them as clavate as in most Hahenaria;, but I have never found them so, though I have examined many flowers. The rostellum ? forms a broad triangular acute plate extending across the column, and reaching to the bases of the anther-cells. Sect. YIII. DiPHYLAX. (See p. 133.) 104. K« urceolata, Clarke in Journ. Linn. 8oc. xxv. 73, t. 30. Dipliylax urceolata, Sooh. f. Ic. Plant. 1. 1866. SiKZiM Himalaya; Yakla, alt. 10,000 ft., and Naga Hills, alt. 9000 ft., Clarice. Root unknown. Stem very slender, recurved, with the raceme 4-6 in. high. Leaves one large (2-4 in.) subradical, ellipticlanceolate, acute, and several small scattered ones alternate higher up, all membranous, 5-7-nerved. Racemes 2-3 in., decurved ; flowers secund, \-\ in. diam., very shortly pedicelled ; bracts ovate or lanceolate, as long as the short ovary ; sepals white and rosy ; petals 1-nerved ; lip recurved, lanceolate, terminal half solid terete acuminate green, spur inflated, nearly as long as the sepals ; anther beaked, cells contiguous, parallel, pollinia oblong, grains large, caudicles very short. Sect. IX. DiPYLA. (See p. 133.) 105. K. secundiflora, HooJc.f. Ic. Plant, ined. Sub- Alpine Himalaya ; Kumaon, alt. 9-10,000 ft., DutUe. Sikkim, alt. 14,000 ft., J. D. H. ; in Chumbi, King's Collector. Tubers globose, small. Stem 3-5 in., erect or recurved. Leaves 2-5 in., linear, acuminate, sides complicate, bases sheathing. Spike 1-2 in., more or less recurved, dense-fld.; flowers secund, pink; bracts linear-lanceolate, lower -i-| in. longer than the flowers ; ovary i in., curved ; sepals lanceolate, 1-nerved ; petals much narrower, acuminnte ; lip as long as the sepals, sessile, linear-oblong, trifid to about the middle, puberulous, strongly-nerved, lobes parallel, lanceolate, acuminate ; spur nearly as long as the sepals, conoidal, slightly contracted at the base, inflated, apex subacute ; anther membranous ; pollinia clavate, grains very large, caudicles short, glands large, cordate, membranous. — The resemblance to H. urceolata is remarkable ; lobes of the rostellum inflected over the glands of the pollinia like two flaps or doors, whence the name. Sect. X. DiTHRix. (See p. 133.) 106. H. (Dithrix) decipiens, Sooh.f., Ic. Plant, ined. — Herminium, Griff. Notul iii. 270 ; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 285 f. 1. Nokth-West India ; Ldgeivorth, alt. 3000 ft. ; Lahul, alt. 4-5000 ft., Thomson.— DiSTRiB. Afghanistan, Griffith, (Keio Distrih., 5326.) Kurrum Valley, Aitchison No. 322. Tubers small, oblong. Stem 5-8 in., rather slender, erect or flexuous, laxly leafy. Leaves 1-2^ in., lower larger, elliptic- or linear-oblong, acute or obtuse, mem- branous, lower subpetiolate, upper sessile, bases sheathing. Spike 1-2 in. ; flowers close-set, decurved ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, longer than the ovary, membranous ; ovary ^-^ in., curved, and sepals about as long, soft, 1-nerved ; dorsal ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, lateral linear-oblong, tip rounded, petals as long, narrowly lanceolate, sub 166 cxLViii. OECHiDEJ!. (J. D. Hooker.) ' [Hahenaria. 3-nerved ; lip as lon^ as the sepals, obscurely 3-nerved, narrowed from the base up- wards, terminal teeth acute, middle one longest. — The analysis of the dried flowers has been very difficult, and repeated many times ; the capillary stamnodia long escaped detection. Resembles a small Spiranthes of the S. (Bstivalis type, with which it was coufounded in Griffith's Herbarium. IMPEEFECTLY KNOWN SPECIES. H. APPiNis, Don Prodr. 25 ; Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid, is a small state of H. goodyeroides. H. CARANJENSIS, Bolz. in HooJc. Journ. JBot. ii. (1850) 262; Dalz. ^ Gibs. Bomh. PI. 267; lower leaves somewhat rounded, upper oblong-lanceolate 3-nerved, bracts shorter than the ovary 3-nerved, flowers small, yellow, dorsal sepal rounded, petals half ovate obtuse, lip tripartite, midsegment oblong rather obtuse, lateral shorter cuneate truncate, spur clavate shorter than the ovary. — The Concan ; Island of Caranjah, Dalzell. H. GRACILIS, Coleh. in Hooh. Uxot. Fl. t. 135, a Silhet plant, figured and described by Colebrooke {in Hook. Exot. Fl.), and to which he attributes an articulated fibrous root. I know of no plant in this least like the figure. Lindley {Gen. fb Sp. Orchid. 302) suggests its being possibly his Coeloglossum brevifoUum (H. cubitalis, P). It is possibly a bad drawing of H. peristyloides. H. LoBBii, ReicTih. f. in Linncea, xli. 50; leaf cuneately oblong ligulate acuminate, raceme 2 ft. lax-fld., bracts half as long as the pedicelled ovary oblong acuminate, dorsal sepal ovate apiculate cucullate 3-nerved, lateral triangular retrorse 3-nerved, petals linear falcate 1-nerved, lip tripartite, lateral segments linear retrorse, midsegments twice as long linear obtusely acute, spur filiform shorter Ihan [the pedicelled ovary tip clavate, anther erect emarginate, tubes ascending, ptaminodes triangular.— E. Indies, T. Lohh. Flowers rather larger than those ot H. leptoceras. Hook. Bot. Mag.y t. 2726 (a Brazilian species). H. LONGIBEACTEATA ; Hoo^. f. ; stem stout leafy 2-3 ft., leaves 6 by f-1 in. linear-oblong acute margins thickened, bracts 2-3 in. narrowly linear-lanceolate finely acuminate, lip 3-partite, segments linear lateral shorter, spur short obtuse. Platanthera longibracteata, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7048 ; Gen Sf Sp. Orchid. 293. — Burma, on the banks of the Irawaddy at Seendya, Walliah. Wallich's specimens are in very young bud only, and the description of the flowers taken from Lindley cannot be depended on. It is a noble species, and should be sought for in Burma. H. modesta, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. Bot. ii. (1850) 262; Dah. i^ Gihs. Bomb. Fl. 267 ; stem leafy at the base, naked above, bracts half as long as the ovary, flowers greenish white, lip 3-fid, lateral divisions linear lanceolate free spreading, mid one shorter ovate obtuse cohering with the tips of the petals and upper sepal and con- cealing the column, spur filiform hardly clavate a little longer than the ovary. — The Concan, at Salsette, Dalzell. Description from Dalzell, who does not appear to have seen leaves ; it is, perhaps, H. stenostachya. H. PELORioiDES, Par. 4; Eeichb.f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxs. 139, t. 27, f. A ; tall, robust, leaves ovate or oblong-lanceolate passing into copious sheaths, spike many-fld., bracts large equalling the ovary ciliolate, sepals subequal lanceolate acuminate, lip linear, spur 0. Tenasserim ; Amherst by the seaside. Parish. Stem a foot high. Leaves 2-3 in., largest subradical ; upper sheaths slender, passing into the bracts the lower of which are 1^ in. long. Spike 2-3 in., many-fld. ; sepals -I in. long, membranous ; petals as long as the sepals, lanceolate, 1-nerved ; lip very narrow ; anther-cells elongate, with very long erect tubes, stigmatic processes long. Capsule f in., sessile, fusiform. — An anomalous plant, clearly a Peloria form. I have seen but one indifferent specimen. H. UNIPLORA, Don Prodr. 25. Platanthera uniflora, Lindl. Oen. 4f Sp. Orchid. 2957 is probaby a state of S. tri flora, 107. DXPI.OAISRIS, Don. Terrestrial small 2-fld. and l-2*leaved. Leaves ensiform or oblong". Diplomeris.] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J, D. Hooker.) 167 Flowers large. Sepals subequal, free, lanceolate, spreading. ^Petals longer and broader. Lip sessile at tlie base of the column, spreading, very broad, entire, spurred. Column very short; rostellum broadly dilated, mem- branous, beneath which is a broad oblong lamina from the column ; anther- ceils thick, parallel, tubes very long incurved ascending; caudicks of pollinia very long slender, glands small naked; stigmatic processes 0; rostellum prominent between the anther-cells. 1. D. pulchella, Don Trodr. 26 (excl. hab.) ; glabrous, leaves ensi- form, lip broadly obcordate. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 330 ; in Journ. Linn. Sac. iii. 44. Diplochilos longifolium, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7064; in JBot. Beg. under 1. 1499. Orchis uniflora, Moxh. Fl. Lnd. iii. 452 ; Griff. Notul. iii. 368. Habenaria uniflora. Griff. Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 338, f. 2. Paragnathis pulchella, Spreng. Si/st. Veg. iii. 694. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., Roxburgh, Wallich, &c. Bootstock creeping, stibtuberous and fibrous ; stem short. Leaves usually 2, erect, 3-4 by ^-^ in., acute. Scape about equalling the leaves, naked, 1-fld. ; bract cymbiform, green, acuminate ; flower 1-1| in. diam., white ; sepals ovate- lanceolate, acute ; petals much lai'ger, broadly obovate rounded or ovate-oblong ; lip f in. diam., sinus cuspidate ; spur 1^ in., incurved or upcurved, thickened be^'ond the middle, tip acute. — Don gives " Nepal, Wallich," as the habitat, but Wallich's specimens are from the Silhet Mts. (Khasia hills). Don's generic description is unintel- ligible, and he erroneously describes the flowers as rose purple. 2. D. hirsuta, Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 331 ; hirsute, leaf oblong, lip cuneately orbicular. Diplochilos hirsutum, Lindl. in Wall. Cat. 7065 ; in JBot. Reg. under t. 1499. Tropical Himalaya ; Nepal, WalUch; Western Bhotan, alt. 1500 ft., Gammie. Tubers globose. Leaf 2-2^ in., radical, with sometimes a small second. Scape 1-1| in. ; flowers 1| in. diam. ; bract oblong, sheathing ; sepals 5-nerved, ovate- oblong, subacute ; petals very much larger, orbicular ; lip^with a short slender claw, apex retuse or rounded, apiculate or not ; spur 1| in., very slender, incurved and ascending. 108. KEMXPZZ.XA, Lindl. Terrestrial 1-leaved tuberous herbs. Leaf radical, broad. Flowers laxly racemose. Sepals equal in length, lateral spreading. Fetals hroadlj ovate, entire. Lip continuous with the column, broad, obscurely 3-lobed, spreading; spur trumpet-shaped. Column very short; rostellum broad projecting from between the anther cells, complicate ; stigmatic processes 0 ; anther-cells subdivergent, tips produced into grooves of the rostellum ; pollinia 2, caudicles long, glands distant exposed. 1. K. cordifolia, Lindl. Gen. 10 by 2-4 in., rather fleshy, sessile, base sheathing. Spike 1-6 in., dense-fld. ; bracts mnch larger than the flowers, oblong or lanceolate, erect spreading or recurved ; ovary tni^d, \ in. long ; flowers from dark pink to white, fragrant; sepals linear-oblong, obtnse, spreading and recurved ; petals rather narrower ; lip snperior, broadly oblong, concave, strongly keeled on the back, spurs variable in length and stoutness, about as long as the ovary ; column contracted and terete at the base ; anther broad, cells turgid, tubes short, pollinia clavate, eaudicles f-hort, glands orbicular; stigma lar^, concave.— A very common and variable plant. The Burmese specimen has orbicular leaves at the very base of the stem. Var. WigJui/ina ; radical leaves few broad, spike short dense-fld. S. Wighti- 7num, Lindl. Oen, ^ Sp. Orchid. 340; in Joum. Linn. Soc. I. c. ; WigU Ic. 1. 1718. — Nilghiri Mts. Yar. ciliata, Lindl. 1. 1. c. ; a small plant with spurs hardly longer than the sepals.— Sikkim, alt. 7-12,000 ft, J. B. H. Bhotan, alt 10,000 ft., Grijith. 110. BZSPSRZS, Sicartz, Terrestrial leafy herbs ; tnbers entire. Leaves 2 or more, scattered, sessile, cordate. Flotcers solitary or few. Dorsal sepal very narrow, coherent with the broad petals into a snbglobose hood ; lateral spreading or deflexed, free or bases connate, disk with a depression within answering to a cone withont. Lip confluent with the column to above the anther, appearing as if it surmounted the column. Column short in the Indian species, terete below, stigmas on a transverse hyaline membrane, the ends of which form twisted tubular processes that sheath the eaudicles and glands of the Dispei'is.'] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 169 poUinia ; anther oblong, obtuse, completely 2-celled ; grains of pollinia 3-4- seriate, secund on the rachis, cuneiform, caudicles rather long, twisted, glands large naked. Capsule fusiform. — Species 20, Africa and the following. The above description applies to the two Indian species of this highly interesting genus, the fertilization of which deserves a careful study. The analysis of dried specimens is so difiicult that I advance the description of the membrane of the column and its appendages (which differs from that of others) with hesitation. 1. D. zeylanlca^ Trimen Cat. PI. Ceyl. 91 ; lateral sepals concave not waved, petals semilunate obtuse. D. tripetaloides, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 371 {in part) ; Thwaites Enum. 311 ; Wight Ic, t. 930 Sf v. 15. Ceylon ; in the Central Provinces alt. 3-5000 ft.. Walker, &c. The Malabab & Canara Ghats, &c., Wight, &c. Stem 6-10 in. erect from the subglobose tubers, 1-3-leaved. Leaves *-l in., dis- tant, axnplexicaul, acute. Floivers^ in.diam., subcorymbosely, spicate ; bracts leafy; ovary ^ in., straight ; lip included under the hood, erect from the top of the column, 2-partite from a narrow cuneate base, arras falcately recurved, papillose ; a pendu- lous linear appendage, with a rounded dilated papillose apex bearing a central cone, is inserted on the cuneate base of the lip. Capsule ^ in. 2. D. neilg-herrensls, Wight Ic. t. 1719; lateral sepals strongly waved, petals lunate cuspidately acuminate. NiLQHiEi Hills, Wight. Larger and stouter than D. zeylanica, with larger reddish white flowers spotted Avith crimson ; the lateral sepals are free or connate, and pubescent at the base. — Perhaps a form of D. zeylanica. Tribe V. CYPRiPEDiEiE. (See vol. v. p. 668.) 111. CYPRZPSDXUBI, Linn, Terrestrial herbs, with a leafy stem, plaited leaves, and terminal flowers, or stemless with distichous radical coriaceous often tessellately coloured leaves and 1- co-fld. scapes. Floivers large, solitary or few. • Sepals spread- ing, free on the lateral connate and placed under the lip. Petals free, very various. Lip sessile, side lobes small, spredlding or inflexed, midlobe very large saccate, inflated oblong or helmet-shaped. Column short, terete; anthers 2, globose, together with the disciform deflexed stigma. hidden under a large disciform staminode ; ovary 1 celled. — Species about 40, Europe, temp, and trop. Asia and America. In describing the Scapigerous species I have largely availed myself of published plates and the description in Veitch's excellent Manual, made from living plants. I have made no attempt to enumerate even the multitude of named hybrid forms that have been produced by crossing the Indian species with one another. They are well systematized in Veitch's Manual, where nearly 50 are assigned to their parents. C. harbatum alone has been crossed with upwards of 15 other species, * Leaves 2, opposite on the stem, plicate. 1. C. elegrans, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1886,560; villous with cellular hairs, leaves orbicular-ovate or oblong, flowers solitary. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 1000 ft., Paniling. Easteen Tibet j North of Phari, King's Collector^ Stem 1-2 ft. high below the leaves. Leaves 1-2 in. broad. Scape shorter than the leaves ; bract elliptic; flower about 1 in. diam. — A very interesting plant, the nearest ally of which is C. japonicum. I have seen only a single small specimen. 170 cxLviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) [Cypni^edmm. * Leaves several, alternate, plaited. 2. C. cordigrerum, Bon Prodr. 37 ; sepals and narrower petals spreading ovate-lanceolate acuminate green or white, lip oblong white, staminode ovate- or oblong-cordate. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 527 ; Dene in Jacquem. Voy. JBot. 165, t. 166. Temperate Himalaya; from Kaslmiir, alt, 9-11,000 ft., Clarke, to Kumaon, alt. 7-9000 ft., Roi/le. Stem 10-24 in., robust or slender, and ovary puberulous. Leaves 3-6 by 2-4 in., approximate or scattered, from nearly orbicular to lanceolate, acute or acuminate. Flower solitary; bract 1-4 in., leafy ; sepals l|-2 in., longer than the lip, the con- nate lateral entire or split at the apex j column yellow. Capsule\\ in., erect, clavate. — As Lindley observes, this is not distinguishable except by colour from the European C. calceolus, which extends from Britain to Dahuria. It would be well to compare living specimens before uniting them. 3. C. macranthon, Sivarfz in Act. Holm. 1800, 251 ; dorsal sepal from linear- to ovate-oblong acute, connate lateral narrower, lip subglobose much inflated purple, staminode ovate-oblong. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid. 528 ; in JBot. Reg. t. 1534 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2938 ; Reichh. Fl. Exot. ii. t. 16, No. 99; Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. t. 498; Fl. des fi'erre^, t. 1118 ; III. Hortic. 1857, t. 147 ; Belg. Hortic. vii. 353, t. 61 ; Gartenfi. 1863, t. 409 ; Trans. Buss. Hort. Soc. 1863, t. 135 ; OrcUdoph. 1887, t. 75, f. 1 ; Ledeh. Fl. Ross. iv. 87. Alpine Himalata ; from Garwhal to Sikkim, alt. 11,500-14,000 ft. — Disteib. Northern and Subarctic Europe and Asia to Japan. Stem 1-1 5^ ft., usually very stout, pubescent. Leaves 3-6 by 2-4 in., ovate or oblong, acute, puberulous. Flowers 1-2, 1^-2 in. diam. ; sepals and petals very variable in length and breadth, longer or shorter than the lip, yellowish or greenisli with dark purple stains, or all purple ; combined lateral acute or bidentate ; lip inflated, light or dark purple, mouth small crenate, sides of ten grooved concentrically. — In Sikkim specimens gathered by myself, the dorsal sepal is broadly oblong 1 in. long, and the petals as long but narrower and lanceolate, both yellow-green and striped with dark red. Var. ventricosa ; Carridre in Rev. Hortic. 1877, 310 ; dorsal sepal broader, and petals usually much longer, often 2 in. long, lip very large l-l-^- in. diam. C. ventricosum, Swartz in Act. Balm. 1800, 251 ; Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 529 ; Sioeef Fl. Gard. iv. t. 1; Beichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. xiii. t. 497.— Chumbi, in Tibet, N.E. of Sikkim, King's Collector. — Distrib. Siberia.' — In King's Tibetan specimen, of which he has lent me a drawing, the dorsal sepal is broadly ovate, 1^ by f in., the petals 2 by f in., oblong-lanceolate, both white striped with red. ** Leaves radical, distichous, oblong or lorate, coriaceous, not plaited. Scape 1-3-ild., pubescent or villous. a. Petals as broad as the dorsal sepal, short, sessile^ hroadly oblong, margins not iindiUate nor icarted. 4. C. concolor, Batem. in Bot. Mag. t. 5513 ; leaves oblong or linear- oblong tessellated, scape short 1-2-fld., sepals suborbicular and elliptic- oblong petals yellow ciliate, sac of lip subcylindric, staminode subrhora- boidly ovate apiculate. III. Hort. 1865, t. 444 ; Gartenfi. 1874, t. 803 ; Fl. des Serres, t. 2321 ; Williams Orchid. Alb. t. 302 ; Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1865, 626 ; 1883, i. 19, fig. 3 ; Veitch Man. 17, loithfig. Tenasseeim ; near Moulmein, Parish, Upper Burma ; in the Shan hills', Prayer. — Distrib. Cambodia. Cypripedium.] cxlviii. orohidej). (J. D, Hooker.) 171 leaves 3-5 in., crowded, obtuse, pals green above, fascicled with undulate bands of dark green, purple or purple spotted beneath. Scapes 1-2 in. and cymbiform bract dark purple; flowers 2-3 in. diara., pale yellow, sparsely dotted with purple; petals hardly longer than the sepals ; lip small, mouth slightly dilated. — Reichb. f. describes (Gard. Chron. 1886, 294) a var. chloropht/Ua with an interrupted line of purple spots along the midribs of the sepals and petals, and var. sulphurina (1. c. 1888, ii. 264) with unspotted sulphur coloured flowers. Other vars. are tonhinensis, Lindenia, ii. t. 77, and Regneri, Orchidoph. 1886, 226.— The C. Godefroyi of Siam is very closely allied, but has dorsal sepals and petals broader than long, copiously spotted, and a 3 -toothed staminode. 5. C. niveum, Beichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1869, 1038 ; Xen. Orchid. ii. 155 ; leaves linear-oblong tessellated, scape elongate 1-2-fld., sepals orbicular and broadly oblong petals ciliate, sac of lip ovoid mouth con- tracted, staminode large transversely oblong. Bot. Mag. t. 5922; III. Sort. 1871, t. 83 ; ¥lor. Mag. 1871, t. 543 ; Jennings Orchid, t. 28 ; Beichen- bachia, i. t. 34; Gard. Chron. 1883, ii. ; fig. 1. Veitch Man. 39, withfg. ; 0. concolor, var. nivea, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. I. c. Straits of Malacca ; Langkawi Islands, §£»«i of Penang. — Disteib. Tambilan Island, between Singapore and Borneo, and W. coast of Siam. Leaves 4-6 in., green above with darker blotches, lurid purple beneath. Scape 1-2-fld. ; bracts very short ; flowers 3 in. diam., pure white more or less dotted with purple ; dorsal sepal very broad, stained with purple on the back ; petals rather longer, variable in size and breadth ; staminode closing the mouth of the lip. jS. Petals as broad as the dorsal sepal or nearly so, spathulate, clawed, margins not warted. 6. C. villosum, Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1854, 125 ; leaves loriform, not tessellate, scape elongate, villous bract nearly as long as the ovary, dorsal sepal suberect obovate-oblong with the lower margins revolute and spathu- late petals ciliate, lip helmet-shaped, staminode obovate base cordate. III. Hort. iv. t. 126 ; Pescator. t. 48 ; Fl. des Serres, t. 1475. Lindenia, iii. t. 132 ; Warner Sel. Orchid, ii. t. 30. Veitch Man. 54, with Jig. C. Boxalli, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1877, i. 367 ; III. Hort. xxvi. 345. Tenasserim ; Moulmein, alt. 4-5000 ft., Lohh, Parish. Leaves 10-18 in., green above, paler beneath. Scape 1-fld. ; bract spathaceous and ovary villous ; flowers 5-6 in. diam., glossy ; dorsal sepal green with brown- purple base and white margins, keel hirsute ; petals hirsute towards the base, and lip brownish yellow, mouth and staminode tawny yellow. — C. Boxalli is a var. with black spots on the dorsal sepal and more tessellated petals. Var., aurea (Gard. Chron. 1883, i. 374) has a bright yellow-green dorsal sepal margined with white and golden yellow petals and lip. 7. C hirsutlssimum, Lindl. in Pot. Mag. t. 4990; leaves lorate acnte not tessellate, bract small and flower hirsute, dorsal sepal erect orbicular-ovate obtuse, petals horizontal spathnlate claw crisped or undu- late, lip helmet- shaped, staminode quadrate angles rounded. Warner Sel. Orchid, i. t. 15 ; Belg. Hortic. vii. 353, t. 61 ; III. Hort. iv.. Misc. QT -, Xen. Orchid, ii. 107, 1. 132 ; Bev. Hortic. 1859, 182 ; Fl. des Serres, 1. 1430 ; Veitch Man. 29, with Jig. Khasia Hills; on the Assam face, Simons. Leaves 9-12 in., green. Scape 12 in., green, hairs of bracts and flowers dark purple ; flowers 4 in. diam. ; dorsal sepal green with a dull purplish spotted disk ; petals nearly as broad as the dorsal sepal, violet-purple, the lower half with green sides and midrib and copious dark spots, and hairs ; lip green flushed with dark purple, minutely warted, mouth green within ; staminode green, base white. 172 cxLViii. OECHIDE^]. (J. D. Hooker.) {^Cypripedium. y. Petals nairoiuer but not mucJi longer than the dorsal sepal, sometimes waj'ted on the surface, but not on the Tnargins, which are glabrous. 8; C. Drurii, Beddome Ic. Plant. Ind. Or. 23, t. 112 ; leaves lignlate glabrous not tessellated, scape tall 1-fld. pubescent, bract much shorter than the ovary, dorsal sepal broadly ovate ciliolate arched, petals linear- oblong obtuse surface warted and hirsute towards the base, lip helmet- shaped mouth open, staminode subquadrate. Beichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1876, 68 ; Xen. Orchid, ii. 223 ; III. Sort. 1877, t. 265 ; Lindenia, i. t. 6 ; Plor. Mag. N. S. t. 425 ; Veitch Man. 22, with Jig. Travancore Mts., alt. 5-6000 ft., Drury. Leaves 7-10 in., bright green. Scape 9-12 in. and small obtuse bracts and ovary pubescent ; flowers 3 in. diam. ; dorsal sepal greenish yellow with a broad dark median band and a dorsal keel with black hairs ; lower connate sepals smaller ; petals incurved tips rounded, bright ochreous yellow, with a dark median baud, warts and hairs blackish ; staminode much smaller than the mouth of the lip, which is bright yellow dotted with purple within, and with acute margins. 9. C- Insigrne, Wall. mss. in Lindl. Goll. Bot. t. 32 ; leaves ligulate glabrous not tessellated, scapes elongate 1-2-fld., bract equalling the ovary, dorsal sepal large arched orbicular-ovate margins subrecurved, petals linear-oblong glabrous margin undulate, lip broadly helmet-shaped, stami- node subquadrate. Lindl. Gen. S{ Sp. Orchid. 530 ; Hook. Fl. Exot. t. 34 ; Lodd. Bot. Cab. t. 1321 ; Bot. Mag. t. 3412 ; Williams Orchid. Alb. iv. t. 155 ; Griff . Notul. 344 ; Ic. PI. ' Asiat. t. 322 ; Veitch Man. 32 ; Flore des Serres, 1564. Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft., Wallich, &c. Leaves 8-12 in., acute, pale green. Scape 12 in., 1-2-fld. and large oblong com- pressed bracts and ovary pubescent; flowers 4-5 in. diam,, glossy; dorsal sepal apple-green, purple -spotted, tip white, lateral smaller, paler ; petals rather longer than the sepals, margins subcordate, green with white tips and purple veins ; lip broad yellow or green sufi'used with purple, tawny yellow within ; staminode pubes- cent with a central callus. — The above description is of the wild form ; cultivated specimens vary greatly in colour, and have numberless synonyms, the principal given by Veitch are Var. Chantinii, Rafar. in Rev. Hort. 1866, 249 ; 1878, 130, with fig. ; dorsal sepal margined with white purple spotted, lower combined sepals longer more acute, petal veined with amber, lip chesnut brown. Fl. des Serres, xxi. 72; Orchiduph. 1885, 36; Williams Orchid. Alb. vi. t. 278; Gard. Chron. 1882, ii. 717, Jig. 127. Var. Maulei, Moore in Flor. Mag. 1861, t. 57 ; flowers larger, margins of dorsal sepal revolute towards the base white at the tip, petals paler, lip longer narrower paler. Fl. des Serres, xv. t. 1564; Gard. Chron. 1882, ii. 7lQ,fg. 126. Var. Sanderae ; flowers primrose yellow, except the white margins. Other vars. are aspera ; aurea, Fl. & Pomol. 1882, 75, and albo-marginata, Williams Orchid. Alb. v. t. 232, 178. For figures of the flowers of many varieties see ^ard. Chron. 1882, ii. 716, f. 126. 10. C. Spicerlanuxn, Beichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1880, i. 40, 74, fig. 7 ; leaves ligulate subacute not tessellated, scape tall 1-2-fld., bracts much shorter than the ovary, dorsal sepal very large erect rhombic-obovate hirsute sides strongly recurved below, petals shorter deflexed ligulate margins undulate and crisped, lip helmet-shaped mouth dilated, stami- node orbicular. Bot. Mag. t. 6490 ; III. Hort. 1883, t. 473 ; the Garden, 1883, t. 378 ; Williams Orchid. Alb. iii. 1. 119 ; Belg. Ilortic. 1883, 289, 1. 18 ; Orchidoph. 1890, 415 ; Gard. Chron. 1880, i. 41, f. 7 j Veitch Man. 46, vjithfg. Cypripedium.'] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 173 Assam (Low's and Sander's Collectors). Leaves 6-9 in., dark green, margins more or less waved, beneath purple-spotted near the base. Scape 9-12 in., slender, pubescent ; bract narrow ; flowers about 3 in. diam.; dorsal sepal horizontal, sides at the base so stoutly reflexed as to appear clawed, white base purple dotted on a green, ground, midline purple ; petals shorter than the lip, obtuse, yellow- or olive-green with a red median band and spots ; lip brown, tinged with crimson ; staminode red, edged with white, base contracted into auricle-like folds. h. Petals narrotver than the dorsal sepal, very long in 0. Parishii, margins bearded or hirsute and tvarted. 11. C. venustum, Wall, in Bot. Mag. t. 2129; Cat. 7023; leaves elliptic- oblong or loriform tessellate, scape 1-2-fld., bracts half as long as the ovary, dorsal sepal broadly ovate or cordate, petals linear-oblong bearded sparsely warted, lip subcylindric reticulate, staminode semi-lunate. Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 530 ; Hook. Exot. Flor. t. 35 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2129 ; Bot. Beg. t. 788; Beichh. Fl. Exot. 100 ; Lodd.Bot. Cal. 585; Warner 8el. Orchid, ii. t. 24; Veitch Man. 53. C. pardinum, Beichh. f. in Gard. Ghron. 1869, 554, and 1887, i. 382, fig. 76 (pardinum var.) ; Flor. Mag. N. S.t.^1. Teopical vSikkim Himalaya, alt. 3-4000 ft., J. D. H., Clarice. Silhet and Assam, Wallich, Griffith, &c. Leaves 4-10 in., dark green, marbled with pale green above and dull purple beneath. Scape 6-9 in., pubescent ; flowers 2-2^ in. diam. ; dorsal sepal white with dark stripes ; petals spreading, subspathulate, green and purplish, warts blackish ; lip yellow green, flushed with pink, and with green reticulations, inflexed lobes yellow nearly closing the mouth. — The var. pardina has larger flowers, whiter sepals, and larger and more scattered wart on the petals. 12. C* Pairieanum, Lindl. in Gard. Ghron. 1857, 740 ; leaves linear- oblong or loriform not tessellate, scape slender 1-fld., bracts half as long as the glandular hairy ovary, dorsal sepal large erect suborbicular obtuse, petals linear-lanceolate falcately upcurved margins crisped bearded and with black tubercles, lip slipper-formed pubescent, staminode orbicular with a deep notch and included spur in front. Bot. Mag. t. 5024; Fl. des Sevres, t. 1244; Xen. Orchid, ii. 108, t. 133; Orchid. Alb. ii. t. 70; Veitch Man. 24, v-itlijig. Assam, Tronson (Ic.in Hart. Calcutt.). Leaves 4-6 in., acute, bright green. Scape 4-6 in., green ; bract green; ovary purple ; flower 2-2—3 in. diam. ; dorsal sepal greenish white with broad purple reticu- lated nerves, ciliate, margin waved, keel hairy j petals yellow- or greenish-white with purple nerves and margins ; lip green with purple veins and spots ; staminode deeply notched and 3-fid in front, side lobes acute incurved, midlobe as long, straight acute. 13. C. superbiens, Beichh. /. in Bonpland. 1855, 227 ; in Algem. Gartenzeit, 1856, 323 ; Xen. Orchid, ii. 9, t. 103 ; leaves elliptic-oblong tessellate, scape 1-fld., bract much shorter than the ovary, dorsal s'epal orbicular-ovate acute, petals broadly linear deflexed fringed with black hairs and warted, lip helmet-shaped, staminode suborbicular notched in front, base 2-lobed. Gartenfl. 1863, 49 ; Warner Sel. Orchid, ii. t. 12 ; Fl. des' Serres, t. 1996 ; Veitch Man. 51, with Jig. ; Gard. Ghron. 1886, ii. 405, f. 83, 84. C. Veitchianum, III. Hart. xii. t. 429 ; De Puydt, Les Orchid, ■frontisp. p. 267 ; Bev. Hortic. 1871, h^o,fig. 78, 79. C. barbatum Veitchii, Fl. des Serres, t. 1453. C. barbatum superbum, Belg. Hortic. 1883, 97. 174 cxLViii. ORCHiDEiB. (J. D. Hookei.} \_Cypnpedium Malay Peninsula ; Mt. Ophir, Loll. Leaves 5-7 in., pale or dark green with dull blotches. Scape 9-12 in., 1-fld, ; flowers ciliolate, 4 in. ditim.; dorsal sepal white striped with green; petals longer than the dorsal sepal, white veined with green j lip brownish purple, inflexed, lobes crimson, warted. 14 C* barbatum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1841, Misc. 53 ; 1842, t. 17 ; leaves oblong to liuear-oblong acute tessellate, scape 1-2-fld. pubescent, bract much shorter than the ovary, dorsal sepal broadly ovate or orbicular acute or obtuse, petals longer linear-oblong spreading and decurved ciliate and with a few black warts along the upper or both margins, lip helmet- shaped mouth dilated, staminode hypocrepiform. Bot. Mag. 4234; Fl. des Serves, iii. t. 190, and xviii. t. 1879 (var. grandiflorum) ; Belgique Sortie, xxxiii. 96, t. 7 ; Warner Sel. Orchid. Ser. 3, t. 11 (var. Warneri) ; Veitch Man. 12, Gard, Ghron. 1886, ii. 308, f. 63. C. purpuratum, Wight Ic. t. 1760 {not of Lindl.). C. Warnerianuu), Reichb. f. in Gart. Z'eit. 1883, fasc. ix. C. orbum, Reichb. f. in Gard. Ghron. 1887, ii. 778. C. Crossii, Belg. Sortie, xv. 227 ; Veitch Man. 12, with Jig. Penang-, Maingay. Malacca; on Mt. Ophir, Griffith, &c,— Disteib. W. Siam. Leaves 4-8 in., pale green above with darker oblong spots. Bcape 10-12 in. ; flowers 2-3 in. diam. ; dorsal sepal folded in the middle, white with purple veins and greenish base, lower connate sepals much narrower ; petals greenish brown towards the base, purple towards the tip ; lip dark purple. Variable in the size and colour of the flowers. Veitch retains two varieties, 1, Crossii, leaves paler with more scattered deep green spots, under which are G. Warneriana and orha, and 2, Obrieni, with leaves paler, spots smaller, petals and lip deeper coloured. — C. orhum is described as a hybrid by Reicheubach, but Veitch regards it as a synonym of var. Crossii. 15. C. Parishii, Reichb. f. in Flora, 1869, 322 ; in Gard. Ghron. 1869, 814, tvithfig. ; leaves ligulate 2-fid not tessellated, scape stout 4-7-fld., bracts spathaceous, dorsal sepal suberect broadly elliptic-ovate with the basal margins revolute, petals very long linear pendulous twisted margin sparsely warted below, lip helmet-shaped, staminode obovate-oblong obtusely 2-fid, base spurred. Bot. Mag. t. 5791 ; Williams Orchid. Alb. ii. t. 86 ; Be Puydt. Orchid. 188 ; OrchidopJi. 1887, t. 91. Ill Hort. 1875, t. 214; Gard. Ghron. 1869, 814; Veitch Man. 41. Selenipedium Parishii, Rev. Sort. 1885, 132. Tenasserim ; at Moulmein, Parish. Leaves 9-15 by 1^-2^ in., glossy green. Scape 12-18 in., pale green, hairy ; bracts and hirsute ovary green ; flowers 3-4 in. diam. ; dorsal sepal arched, keeled,pale yellow green; petals 4-6 in. long, spreading, at length pendulous, basal half green with pale undulate margin and a few bristly marginal tubercles, the other half dark purple, tip obtuse pubescent; lip green or stained with purple, mouth green within; staminode greenish yellow, margins white. 112. APOSTASXA, Blume. Terrestrial herbs, with a short caudex and leafy rigid stems. Leaves narrow, strongly nerved. Floivers small, in terminal or axillary simple or panicled often decurved or defiexed spikes. Sepals, petals and lip all equal and alike, free, spreading or recurved. Ovary very slender, 3-celled. Column short; anthers 2, at the sides of the rostellum, shortly stipitate, narrow, erect, 2-celled, cells parallel ; staminode erect, behind the stigma. Apostasia.'] cxlviii. oncHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 175 or 0 ; stigma terminal long erect, tip discoid. — Species 6, Indian, Malayan and Australian. 1. A. Wallichii, Br. in Wall. Cat. 4448 ; in PI. As. Bar. i. 75, t. 84 (A. odorata) ; leaves linear-lanceolate 5-7-nerved, spikes panicled, peduncle naked below, anthers versatile cell bases unequal, staminode adnatetothe style. Blume in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, ii. 93 ; Miquel Ft. Ind. Bat iii. 748; Thwaites Fnum. 315 ; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 237, t. 48, f. 22-24. Mesodactylus deflexa, Wall., ex. PI. As. Bar. I. c. 74. Tropical Nepal, Wallich. Khasia Hills, J. B. H. Sf T. T. Assam, Grifith. PENANa, Curtis. Peiiak, Scorf echini, King's Collector, Ceylon ; in the Suffragan district, Thtoaites. — Uistrib. Sumatra, Java, N. Guinea. Stem 1-2 ft. Leaves 4-8 in. Panicle decurved, 4-10 in. ; bracts subulate ; flowers subsecund, i iu. diain., yellow ; ovary ^-f in. Capsiile ^-f in. 2. A. nuda, Br. in Wall. Gat. 4449; in Wall. PI. As. Bar.l 76, t. 85; leaves narrowly linear-lanceolate finely acuminate 3-5-nerved, spikes panicled many-bracteate at the base, anthers erect cell-bases equal, stami- node 0. Blume in Ann. Sc. Nat. Ser. 2, ii- 93 ; Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. 748 ; Bolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 239, t. 48, f. 20, 21. A. Brunonis, Griff. Notul. iii. 243 ; Ic. PL Asiat. t. 282. Khasia Hills and Chittagong, /. D. S. ^ T. T. Tenasserim ; at Mergui, Griffith (Kew JDistrib. 5604). Malacca, Maingay, top of Mt. Ophir, Hullett. Singapore, Lohb. Peeak, Wray. — Distrib, Sumatra, Java. Stem 10-12 in. Leaves 4-10 in. Panicle decurved, much shorter than in A. Wallicliii, as are the ovaries. 3. A. latifolia, BoJfe in^ Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 242 ; leaves petioled elliptic-lanceolate finely acuminate very many nerved, spikes panicled, peduncle naked at the base, anther erect bases equal staminode 0. Peeak, ScortecJiini, Wray. Stem 3 ft. Leaves 4-6 by 1-1 J in., nerves very close; petiole 1-1-| in. Panicle stouter tban in nuda and Wallichii, bracts broader ; ovaries f in., curved j flowers very small. 113. NSUWZZSDIA, Blume. Terrestrial herbs, with a short caudex and leafy stiff stems. Leaves elongate, petioled, strongly nerved. Floivers small, in a terminal simple erect dense raceme, clothed with long bracts. Sepals and petals equal and similar, free, or the latter rather broader. Lip subspathulate. Golumn short ; stigma terminal, long, erect, tip discoid ; anthers 3, erect, narrow, stipitate, one on each side of the stigma, and one dorsal, cells parallel. Ovary 8-celled. — Species 6, Malayan. 1. M. Ziindleyi, Bolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 232, t. 48, f. 10-12 ; peduncle elongate, raceme elongate many and dense-fid. and flowers puberulous, bracts 1-1^ in. membranous, erect and recurved. Penang, Curtis. — DiSTRiB. Borneo. Stem very short, stout. Leaves many, 1-2 ft. by 2-3 in., oblanceolate, mem- branous, many-nerved, stoutly petioled. Raceme 1-2 ft., stout, erect, i*achis stout ; bracts much longer than the flowers, narrowly lanceolate; flowers 1 in. long, horizontal, pedicelled; ovary ^ in. 2. N. Curtisii, Bolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxv. 233, t. 48, f. 13, 14 ; 176 cxLViii, OROHiDE^. (J. D, Hooker.) [Nemciedia. peduncle short, raceme short many-fld. and flowers pubescent, bracts \-% in. erect. Penang; on West Hill, alt. 2000 ft., Curtis. — DiStrib. Sumatra. Leaves as in N. Lindleyi, but peduncle and raceme very short, and bracts glandular-pubescent. 3. N. Griffithil, Eeichh. f. Xen. Orchid, ii. 215; peduncle short, spike short many-fld. and flowers subhispidly pubescent, bracts |-f in. Malacca, Griffith, Maingay (Kew Distrib. 1682). Peeak, Kincf's Collector. Stem very short. Leaves 4-10 in., elliptic-lanceolate, finely acuminate, many- nerved, petioled. Raceme 2-3 in. ; flowers white, very shortly pedicelled, ^ in. long, deeurved. Capsule \ in. long, turgid, trigonous. SUPPLEMENT TO ORCKIDSHS, WITH ADDITIOISTS AND COREECTIONS. During the elaboration of the Orchidece for this Flora, very large collections of species, from many parts of India, were being received at intervals by the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, Kew, especially from the rich stores of the Royal Gardens of Calcutta, together with the loan of a magnificent series of original drawings of Orchids from the same source. The most important of these collections were Malayan, abound- ing in novelties, from Penang, Perak, Singapore and Malacca, made by the late Father Scortechini (presented, together with the loan of the Rev. father's pencil drawings of many species, by the Government of Perak), by Kunstler, a collector sent from the Calcutta Bot. Gardens by Dr. King, by Curtis, Hullett, Wray and Ridley. Important collections were also sent by Mann, from Assam, Bhotan, and the Khasia hills; by Gamble (on loan) from various parts of India ; by Duthie from Garwhal ; by Clarke from Sikkim, the Khasia hills, and Bengal, together with a few frcm Central India; and (on loan) by Dr. Trimen from Ceylon. These successive arrivals necessitated many consecutive revisions and emendations of the work already pre- pared, some printed, some in the press, and some in mss., besides adding many species and some genera to the Indian Flora. Vol. v. p. 667. Key to the Teibes and Sfbtribes. The Key to the Indian Genera Subtribes and Tribes was extracted, with a few modifications, from that prepared by Bentham for the Genera Plantarum ; which, whether as regards the* difficulties that attend the analysis of the plants of this most complicated Order, or the chaotic state into which the family had fallen since Lindley's days, is a masterpiece of research and scientific taxonomy. As may be supposed, the detailed examination of so many Indian genera and species as are contained in this Flora (about 1400), and of a large proportion of which Bentham had no knowledge, or only a superficial one, has suggested a few emendations in his classificatiou, but these are very slight, and I shall notice them in their order, in the following pages. Sub-order MALAXED. I have departed from Bentham, in including LiPAEiEiE and Malaxeje under one sub-order. The essential character of Lipariem, the incumbent anther, fails in a great measure when Oberonia is placed in it, for the pollinia of this genus are as Griffith points out (Notul. iii. 273) in 0. anthropophoj-a and trilohata (ensiformis, Lindl.) at first accumbent ; and in these and others he describes them as " accumbenti-iucumbentia," Added to this the habit of Micro- stylis, which is placed in Malaxece, is that of Liparis ; and of Oberonia, which is placed in Lipariece, is that of Malaxis. The clinandrium is so minute in Oberonia and Microstylis, that I have little confidence in my own results obtained by softening these parts in dried specimens, but my impression is that in iliicros/^/is the anther will be found to both accumbent and incumbent, very much as in Oberonia. Lastly the pollinia of Oberonia are variously described and figured as 2 or 4. I think Supplement J ^c] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 177 that 4 is the rule, but one of each pair is often much smaller, and I suspect sometimes suppressed. In line 3 of the character of subtribe MalaxecB for not incumbent, read accum- bent or incumbent. P. 667. Subtribe ERiEiE. The inflorescence is often subterminal in JEJna, and appears to be truly terminal in the anomalous genus 10/2 Claderia. (See p. 810.) P. 668. The Subtribe Cyrtopodie^ of Bentham, is here included as far as the Indian genera are concerned in Eulophiece, though by oversight, it is introduced at p. 671. EutophiecE are described in the " Genera" as pseudobulbous, and having a spurred lip, but very few indeed of the Indian species are pseudobulbous, many have a mere sac to represent the spur, in many the so-called spur is a true mentum, and Bolus " Orchid of Cape Peninsula '* describes species that have neither a spurred nor saccate lip. The only character given for CyrtopodiecB, as distinctive from UulophiecB, is that of the column being produced into a foot ; but this is invalidated by my having to follow Blume, Bolus and others in replacing Ct/rtopera, which in the •' Genera " is referred to Ct/rtopodium, in Eulophia ; and as I find no character by which Plocoglottis, the only other Indian genus of Bentham's Ct/rtopodiece, can be excluded Eulophiece, I propose as a character — Subtribe Edlophie^. Terrestrial, never epiphytic. Stem rarely pseudo- bulbous. Lip usually spurred saccate or forming with the lateral sepals a mentum. 39. Eulophia. Lip free from the sides of the column, adnate to its base or foot. 48. Plocoglottis. Lip adnate by a membrane to the sides of the column. Suborder Cymbidieje. Terrestrial or epiphytic. Lip neither spurred nor con- spicuously saccate ; adnate to the base of the column. — Genera as at p. 671, including Cremastra, which has to be added. Suborder Vanillej:. The free often hippocrepiform poUinia, without caudicle or gland, distinguish the Indian species from Corymbeee and Spiranthea. Subtribe Corymbe^, differs from all other Indian Neottieje in the hard almost woody stem, and rigid leaves, in which respect the species resemble Apostasia. Tribe Ophetde.^. In ith line insert "long or" before short. Subtribe Euophryde^. If I am correct in my analyses of the rostellum in some of the smaller Sahenarice, it may prove diflicult to separate this subtribe from Habenarieee. Under any circumstances the modifications of the rostellum are so great in both, that I doubt its forming a subtribal character. After Subtribe Dise^ should follow (as at p. 675) — Subtribe Coeycieje, to include 110 Disperis, This genus and Satyrium are the solitary Indian representatives of the extensive S. African Subtribes Disece and Coryciea, which are distinguished from one another by Bentham, and more recently by Bolus (the Orchids of the Cape Peninsula) by the former having the sepals and petals all free, and the lip at the base of the column, whilst in the latter the dorsal sepal and petals cohere, and the lip is adnute to the column nearly to its tip. Tribe Cypeipedie^. This tribe I think includes two subtribes, if not two tribes; namely — Cypeipedie^. Flowers very irregular. Lip inflated. Anthers 2, one on each side of a large dilated rostellum. Staminode very large. AP0STASIEJ3. Flowers regular. Lip like the sepals and petals. Anthers 2 or 3 on the sides of a small erect rostellum ; staminode very small or 0. Key to the Genera. P. 669. After 9. Bulbophyllum, insert — 9/1. Henosis, see Vol. v. p. 771, and for amended characters p. 189 of this volume. P. 670. After 18. CflRYsoaiossuif, irfsert— VOL. VL N 178 cxLViii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hookei.) [Supplement, ^c. 18/2. CoiLABlUM. Scape tall, raceme long. Lip jointed on to the trumpet- shaped foot of the column. Pollinia 2, 2 -cleft, united by a viscus. (See Vol. v. p. 784.) After 19. Eeia, insert— 19/1. Claberia. Terrestrial, subscandent. Leaves plicate. Inflorescence ter- minal. Lip sessile at the base of the long sigmoid column. Pollinia 2 ? 21. Pachtstoma, add to description. Flowers small ; and insert after it — 21/1. Tpsea. Scape leafless. Flowers large. Sepals spreading. Column elongate, foot 0. Pseudobulb 1-2-leaved. 28. For JosEPHA read Josephia. 29. Glomera. Cancel this genus. (See "Vol. v. p. 823.) P. 671. ErLOPHiA. See remarks under Subtribes Eulophie^, at p. 177 of this volume. The character of "petals like the dorsal sepal," is subject to many exceptions. 41. Cyperoechis, though removed in " Gen. Plant. " from proximity to (Tym- Udium, should stand next to it. The two genera are hardly separable. After it insert — 41/1. Cremastea. Sepals and petals and lip very narrow and conniving in a tube. Leaf solitary on a tuberous rhizome. Scape leafless, sheathed ; flowers race- mose, secund. Subtribe 3. Ctrtopodie^ and 48; PlocoglotUs. For remarks on these see Subtribe Eulopldecc, at p. 177 of this volume. Subtribe 4. Sarcanthe^. The classification of the genera of this subtribe presents great difficulties. In so far as the Indian genera are concerned I have not been able to improve upon Bentham's arrangement ; though I find numerous excep- tions to the characters given under the three subdivisions marked by stars. 49. LiJisiA. The Cristaria section of Vanda unites that genus with this. The incurved sepals and petals of Sect. Cristaria are those of Luisia, but the foliage , and habit are those of most Vandce. The lip of one species of Sect. Cristaria is spurred or saccate as in Vanda, of another it is flat as in Luisia, without spur or sac. 50. CoTTONiA. Eeplace the character by, — Sepals and narrower petals spreading. Lip sessile, not jointed at the base of the column, flat. Stipes of pollinia long, narrow. Raceme very long-peduncled, — and follow it with — 50/1. DiPLOPEOEA. Sepals and broader petals spreading. Lip with the sides adnate to the sides of the column, cymbiform, with a compressed bicaudate tip. Stipes of pollinia short, narrow. Raceme very shortly peduncled. P. 672. 53. Phal^engpsis. Add to character of .lip, disk with a forked callus or plate, and after foot short, add — or long or 0. 54. DoRiTis. In this genus the foot of the column forms a conical mentum with the lateral sepals. 55. Rhynchostylis is placed by Bentham in a division of Sarcanthea> with a foot to the column and a mentum, but appears to me to have these characters very obscurely if at all. The lip and spur are exactly those of Saccolahium. 56. Saechochiltjs is inconstant as regards the presence or absence of a foot to the column, and in having a mentum or spur or neither. It is a truly polymorphous genus, incapable of precise definition. 58. Brides. I do not find the lip to be truly articulate with the foot of the column as described in " Gen. Plant." The species of the first section with terete leaves closely approach the terete leaved Vandce, and those of Section II. ** resemble Saccolahia. The stipes of the pollinia is sometimes short and broad, 60. Vanda. See above under 58 JErides, and 49 Luisia for remarks. The Sect. Anota {V. densijlora) has so short a foot to the column that it might well be placed in Saccolahium. The stipes of the pollinia varies greatly in lenj^th and breadth, Supplement, ^c,'] cxlviii. orchidej:. (J. D. Hooker.) 179 61. Saccolabium. The sepals and petals are often incurved. To the character should be added — Spur without a callus under the column within, or a septum. 62. ScHCENORCHis. As stated at p. 54 of this volume this genus was inserted by oversight, Saccolabium filiforme having been mistaken for it by Thwaites. 63. Uncifera and 64 Acampe I have been obliged to include under Saccola- bium:. See remarks under the latter genus in this volume, p. 54. 65. Saecanthus and QQ. Cleisostoma, are separated from Saccolabium, and from one another, by characters so minute and trivial, that they might well rank as sections of that genus, to which 67. Ornithochilus might be added. P. 673. Subtribe 3. Spieantheji:. The Indian genera of this subtribe are most difficult of classification. The following attempt which may aid the student, requires critical revision with living specimens ; the characters of the minute fleshy column and stigma being extremely difficult of accurate analysis in herbarium specimens, however carefully their organs may be moistened or laid out. Key to the Indian Geneea of Spieanthej;. * Spur or sac of the lip exposed beyond the base of the lateral sepals. (See also a few species of Qoodyera.) 79. Phtsueus. Lip not clawed beyond the spur, limb broad abruptly con- tracted at the base j spur eglandular within j column not appendaged in front j stigma anticous. 80. An^ctochilus. Lip clawed beyond the spur, limb 2 -winged; spur 2 -glan- dular within ; column appendaged in front ; stigmatic lobes lateral. 81. Vrtdagzynea. Lip not clawed, limb oblong membranous entire; spur 2 -glandular within j column not appendaged in front ; stigmatic lobes lateral. 82. Cystoechis. Lip saccate, contracted into a beak with a small dilated tip ; sac 2-glandular within (or not?); column not appendaged in front; stigma anticous. 83. Herpysma. Lip adnate to the sides of the column, limb spreading ; spur long, naked within ; column not appendaged in front j stigma anticous. ** Lip if spurred, with the spur or sac covered by the bases of the lateral sepals (except in a few Ooodyerce). f Lip clawed heyond the spur or sac, 84. Odontochilus. Lateral sepals connate at the base ; claw of lip crenate toothed or fimbriate, limb usually 2«winged; sac 2-glandular within; column appendaged in front ; stigmatic lobes lateral. 85. Hjsmaeia. Sepals free ; lip adnate to the base and sides of the column, claw winged, limb 2 -winged; sac 2-glandular within; column large, clavate; stigma anticous. 90. Cheieosttlis. Sepals connate to the middle in a tube ; lip with a saccate or cymbiform base and 2-lobed toothed or pectinate limb, sac 2- or multi-glandular within ; columnar appendages long, fleshy ; stigmatic lobes lateral. 91. Zeuxine. Sepals free ; lip with a cymbiform or saccate base, a short broad entire toothed or crenate claw, and broadly dilated limb ; sac 2-glandular within ; column with two linear appendages in front ; stigmatic lobes lateral. ft Lip saccate or spurred, not claioed heyond the sac or spur, 92. Hylophila. Lip a large globose sac with a narrow linear inflexed blade ; sac 2-glandular within ; column minutely appendaged in front; stigma anticous. 93. GooDYEEA. Lip cymbiform or subsaccate, naked or setose within ; column not appendaged in front; stigma anticous. 94. Het^ria. Sepals free at the base or connate, Up adnate to the sides of the column, limb entire or 2-lobed ; sac 2-glandular or setose within ; column winged or not in front ; stigmatic lobes lateral. N 2 180 cxLViii. ORCHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Sujpplemeiit^ ^'c. fit Lip fiat, neither clawed spurred or saccate. {Suhsaccate in Spiranthes, and see also some Goodyerae.) 87. Spieanthis. Leaves several. 88. Neottia. Leafless herbs. 89. LiSTEBA. Two-leaved herbs. P. 674. After 100. Gastrodia, insert— 100/1. YoANiA. Sepals and petals free. Lip shortly clawed, cymbiform. Column 3-Iobed. A stout leafless herb. P. 675. 105. Herminium. The Herminia will with a saccate base of the lip differ in no way from Habenaeia. P. 675. 1. O. IRIDIFOLIA, Lindl. is not the iridifoUa of Bot. Mag. t. 4517, which is O. tahitensis. P. 676. After 4. 0. Geifpithiana, insert— 4/1. INSECTIFEEA, Book. f. Ic. Plant, t. 2004 ; stem 0, leaves 2-4 in. ensiform straight narrowed from the base to the tip, scape very short, spike about equalling the leaves, flowers subwhorled sessile, sepals ovate subacute and linear petals reflexed, lip much longer than the sepals, side lobes 2-3-partite segments elongate, midlobe with 2 long slender tails. Perae ; at Larut, King's Collector. Leaves ^ in. broad, coriaceous, acute, shortly sheathing. Scape minutely bracteate ; bracts with subulate tips, minutely erose ; flowers about ^V ^^- from the tip of the dorsal sepal to that of the lip ; sepals hyaline, obscurely 3-nerved ; petals 1-nerved ; lip papillose, like a minute 2-tailed insect, the 3-partite side lobes representing its legs. Capsule very shortly pedicelled. — The flowers closely resemble those of O. Qriffithiana, from which this differs in the absence of stem, short scape, ensiform leaves narrowed from the base to the tip, and longer lip. 4/2. 0. LUNATA, Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 17 ; stemless, leaves ensiform erect straight or falcate acuminate, scape and spike stout nearly as long us the leaves, bracts broadly ovate, flowers in crowded whorls sessile, sepals ovate acuminate nerve- less, petals linear -lanceolate, lip semilunar erosely fimbriate. Malaxis lunata, Blume Bijdr. 394. Singapore; at Selitan, Ridley. — Disteib, Java. Leaves 3-5 by ^-^ in., not very fleshy, broadest about the middle. Peduncle 1-1^ in., with many subulate bract-like scales ; spike 2-3 in., straight or decurved ; flowers ,^jj in. diam., whitish, sepals and petals membranous ; lip with the broad sides or lateral lobes sometimes drawn up into large auricles (like a Microstylis of Sect.*), tip notched or retuse, smooth. Capsule (young), sessile, tripterous. P. 678. 12. O. Falconeri. After HooJc. f. insert— /c. Plant, t. 1780. P. 680. After 19. 0. eecueva, add— 19/1. 0. EOSEA, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, t. 2005 ; stem short, leaves narrowly ensiform, scape very short, spike as long as the leaves or shorter, bracts lanceolate, flowers sessile, petals elliptic erose, lip hardly longer than the sepals, side lobes quadrate, midlobe cuneiform retuse. Malay Peninsula, Norris. Peeakj Gunong Batu Patch, Wray; Larut, alt. 3-4000 ft., King's Collector. Stem sometimes flexuous. Leaves 2-3^ by ^-^ in., slightly curved, acuminate. /Sca^^e rather stout, naked j flowers about -g^y in. diam., pink; sepals rounded-ovate, obtuse, nerveless ; petals as long ; side lobes of lip incurved or spreading. Capsules subsessile. 19/2. 0. Mannii, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, t. 2003 ; stem elongate, leaves linear- ensiform subacute recurved, spike very slender, flowers very minute subfascicled, bracts ovate erose, petals ovate-oblong erose, lip longer than the sepals quadrately oblong, side lobes small subulate-lanceolate divaricate, tip bifid with a minute lobule in the sinus, segments subulate. Supplement J ^c] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 181 Jtntea Hills, north of Silhet, alt. 3000 ft., Mann. Stem 3-4 in. Leaves alternate, 1 in. long, ^ in. at the base. Spike 2 in. ; flowers ^^^ in. broad, green; sepals rounded -ovate, obtuse; petals obtuse, nerveless; side lobes of lip decurved, terminal segments diverging or dependent. Capsules minute, shortly pedicelled. — Habit of 0. angustifolia, which has more obtuse shorter leaves, an obcordate midlobe and linear-oblong side lobes of the lip. It would be better to transfer angustifolia and place it with Mannii, in the broad petaled division with a 3-lobed lip. P. 681. 23. 0. PACHYRACHis, add to habitats— Khasia Hills, alt. 4-5000 ft.,Mann. P. 682. 29. O. CAULESCENS, may be easily confounded with 36. 0. angustifolia from which the many straight acuminate leaves narrowed to the base, and pedicelled ovaries, at once distinguish it. P. 684. 36. 0. ANGUSTIFOLIA, add to collectors* names in the Khasia — Griffith, — As mentioned under O. Mannii, 0. angustifolia had better be referred to the division f 5 at p. 680, and placed next to that plant. P. 686. After 40 insert— 41/1. O. ciLiOLATA, Sook. f ; caulescent, leaves broadly equitant short broadly ensiforni obtuse, spike dense-fld., bracts minute lanceolate, sepals ovate acute nerve- less and narrow petals ciliate with long hairs, lip quadrately oblong truncate pectinately irregularly toothed. SiNGAPOEE ; at Krangi, Midley. Stem 1^-3 in., f in. broad across the base of the leaves. Leaves erecto-patent, 1-1| by \-\ in., straight, rather broadest at the base, not very coriaceous. Scape shorter than the leaves j spike 2-3 in. ; flowers hardly whorled, J^ in. diam., shortly pedicelled, sparsely hairy externally, as are the bracts and young fruit. Capsules pedicelled, y^ in. long, turgid, thickly 3-winged. After * Sides of the lip produced upwards into large auricles, add — (Crepiditjm, Blume). 2. M. KHAsiANA, after HooTc.f. insert-— Jc. Plant, t. 1831. P. 687. 6. M. ScoTTii, add— Jc. Plant, t. 2001. P. 688. 8. M. POLTODON, add— Jc. Plant, t. 2002. P. 689. Under synonyms of 15. Microstylis congeSta, enter — Neottia planta- ginea, Don Frodr. 26, fid. Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 458 ; and under habitats, enter — Penang, Singapore, and Malacca, Eidley in litt. P. 691. 22. Microstylis crenulata, Mr. Ridley informs me that the lip is much more rounded than in any other species, that it is a much smaller plant than M. Rheedii, and that it may be a curious form of M. versicolor. P. 692. 3. L. Thwaitesii, add— Ic. Plant, t. 2006. P. 696. 20. L. ACUMINATA, add— 7c. Plant, t. 2007. 21/1, L. Wrayii, Hooh. f ; leaves 3-4 large elliptic.acuminate, scape shorter than the leaves, bracts minute, sepals subequal linear-oblong 3 -nerved, lip deflexed from above the 2-tubercled base cuneately flabelliform beyond the contracted middle trun- cately 2-lobed, lobes fimbriately toothed. Upper Pebak, alt. 300 ft., Wrat/ (in Berl. Calcutt.). Stem stout, 3-5 in., base swollen; roots stout. Leaves 4-6 in., sessile or con- tracted into a broad petiole. Scape rather stout ; raceme 2-4 in., glabrous; pedicels ^-i in. ; flowers ^ in. diam., pale green with 2 claret-coloured stripes on the lip ; sepals flat, at length revolute ; petals very narrow, margins revolute ; lip as long as the sepals ; column stout, incurved, not winged. P. 697. 24. L. deflexa, after Hook. f. insert— Jc. Plant, t. 2008. 26. L. PARADOXA. Mr. Eidley, who finds this species at Singapore, informs me that there are two forms, one with pure yellow flowers, the other with the sepals and petals deep blackish-purple, and the lip green with a purple centre, which latter is 182 cxLViii. ORCHTDBiE. (J. D. Hooker.) ISu^pIementj ^c. the L. nervosa, Lindl. Gen. Sf 8p. Orchid. 24; Benth. Fl. Honqh. vi. 352; Francli. et Sav. Bnum. Fl. Jap. ii. 21 ; Ridley in Journ. Linn. 8oc. xxii. 262 Oplirys nervosa, Thunh. Fl. Jap. 27 ; le. PI. Jap. 1. 10. Malaxis nervosa, Swartz in Act. Holm. 1800, 235. Sturmia nervosa, Heichb.f. in Bonpland. iii. 250. — DiSTRiB. China, Japan. P. 698. E. PARADOX A, var. Farishii. Additional specimens of this collected in Upper Burma (Herb. Calcutt.), appear to prove this to be a distinct species, which may be characterized as follows : — 26/1. L. Paeishii, Hooh.f. ; leaves 2-3 narrowed to the base or broadly petioled lanceolate acuminate, flowers fleshy, bracts small ovate acuminate, sepals oblong obtuse S-nerved, lip recurved obovate retuse, base with 2 teeth, sides flat, column Buberect not winged. L. paradoxa, var. Parishii, Hooh. f. I. c. Tenasseeim, Lohhf Parish. Uppeb Burma, Herh. Calcutt. Leaves 2-3 in. Scape 6-8 in., naked, few-fld. ; bracts ^ in. ; pedicels \ in. ; ribs of ovary not wrinkled ; flowers -i in. diam. ; sepals spreading, dorsal longest ; petals deflexed, margins revolute ; lip thick, minutely erose beyond the middle ; basal teeth united by a curved ridge, nerves faint subconcentric. — Very near L. paradoxa but pedicels longer, bracts smaller and sides of lip not erect. P. 701. After 37. L. obscura, insert — 37/1. L. LATiFOLiA, Lindl. Gen. Sc Sp. Orchid. 30. L. Scortechinii, Hoolc. Fl. Brit. Ind. v. 703, Ic. Plant, t. 2009. L. robusta, Hooh. f. Ic. Plant, t. 2012. Malaxis latifolia. Plume Bijdr. 393. — I have now little doubt but that the two species which I proposed as L. Scortechinii & robusta are forms of the Javanese L. latifolia ; the former of which was taken from a drawing of a specimen in an advanced state of flowering. L. latifolia should be referred to the subsection of Coriifolia, with single- leaved pseudobulbs and 3-nerved sepals. L. robusta is a native of Maxwell's Hill, Peeak {Wray). P. 701. After 41. L. obscura, insert the two following : — 41/1. L. TORTA, Hooh.f. Ic. Plant, t. 2014 ; pseudodulbs small, leaf sessile ellip- tic-lanceolate acute 9-nerved, scape terete, bracts half as long as the long decurved pedicels, sepals linear-oblong obtuse 1-nerved revolute, margins recurved, lip shorter than the sepals cuneate-obovate angles rounded, tip rounded obscurely crenulate, callus basal 2-lobed. Khasia Hills, alt. 3000 ft., Mann. Pseudobulbs f in., conical-ovoid. Leaf 4-5 by li-l| in., thinly coriaceous. Scape rather stout, with few lanceolate bracts, sometimes flexuous ; bracts ^\ in., lanceolate, membranous, spreading ; pedicel with ovary | in. ; sepals i in. ; lip \ in. broad. — A very distinct species, perhaps nearest to L. bootanensis, but diflering in the 1-nerved sepals and the wings of the column not being hooked. 41/2. L. tenuifolia, Hook, f Ic. Plant, t. 2013 ; pseudobulbs small narrow, leaf elongate very narrowly linear-oblanceolate, scape naked with the elongate raceme as long as the leaf, bracts setaceous equalling the short capillary pedicels, flowers minute, sepals deflexed flat 1-nerved, lip with a suberect sessile lunate hypochile and a rhomboidly orbicular convex puberulous deflexed epichile, calli 0, column not winged. Upper Assam ; on the Mikir Hills, alt. 1000 ft., Mann. Pseudobulbs ^-f in., narrowly pyriform. Leaf 6-8 by i-i in. at the broadest part, narrowed downwards, 1-nerved. Scape and raceme very slender ; bracts | in., as long as the pedicel and ovary ; flowers pale, i in. diam. ; sepals linear-oblong, obtuse, margins slightly recurved, nerve faint ; lip rather shorter than the sepals, lobes of the hypochile incurved, subacute, half as long as the epichile ; column rather slender. — A very distinct species. P. 703. 45. L. Scortechinii, see L. latifolia, above. After 46. L. elaccida, insert — 46/1. L. GRACILIS, Hooh. f. Ic. Plant, t. 2011 ; pseudobulbs narrow, leaves 2 oblanceolate, scape long slender terete, raceme long lax-fld., bracts as long as the Supplement y ^c] oxlviii. orchidej;. (J. D. Hooker.) 183 very short pedicels, sepals linear-oblong obtuse revolute 3-nerved, lip sharply reflexed from above the middle subclawed quadrately oblong nerveless truncate shortly bifid and toothed with a minute entire obtuse interposed tooth, calli obscure or 0. Peeak ; on Waterfall Hill, Wray. Pseudobiilhs 1 in., sheathed. Leaves 3-7 in., acute,'rather thin, 5-nerved. Scape with raceme much longer than the leaves ; bracts ^ in. ; flowers distant, about J in. diam., pale green ; margins of sepals not recurved ; lip shorter than the sepals, con - cave towards the base with thickened involute margins, blade smooth red, no calli, but an obscure thickened ridge at the very base j column obscurely winged above. — A very distinct species. P. 704. After 49. L. distans, insert— 49/1. L. DoLABELLA, Sook.f. Ic. Fl. t. 2010; pseudobulbs narrow, leaves 2 nar- rowly oblanceolate, scape narrowly winged, raceme erect lax-fld., bracts small subulate, flowers small, sepals oblong obtuse spreading 1-nerved, margins not recurved, lip axe-shaped reflexed from a short broad claw anterior margin crenulate, disk with a depressed 3-carinate ridge which is truncate posteriorly and vanishes beyond the middle of the lip and a branched nerve on each side. Khasia Hills, alt. 4000 ft., Mann. Fseudohulbs 1-2 in. Leaves 6-14 by |-1 in., acute, subpetioled, 5-7-nerved. Scape with raceme shorter than the leaves ; pedicels i in., longer than the bracts ; flowers ^ in. diam. ; lip broader than long, exactly the shape of an axe or chopper, anterior margin slightly rounded ; column incurved, slender, not winged. P. 705. 53. L. eestjpinata. Mr. Ridley informs me that the Nilghiri habitat is no doubt an error, taken up from the late N. B. "Ward's Herbarium (at the British Museum). The specimen was collected by Griffith, and no doubt in the Khasia. P. 707. LiPAEis DECUESiVA. Mr. Ridley informs me that this is absolutely identical with L. refiexa, Lindl., an Australian species. P. 708. LiPAEis ZEYLANICA. Mr. Ridley informs me that he cannot guess what Loddiges' Liparis from Ceylon is, and that the additional name of zeylanica is a misprint in his monograph. In generic character of Plattclinis, after sepals and petals, add subequal. 1. P. GEACiLis, in fourth line of character, for linear-oblong read ovate-lanceolate ; and after tip rounded, add or acute. Add at end, Ic. Plant, t. 2016. 2. P. KiNGii } after HooJc.f.y insert Ic. Plant, t. 2015. P. 709. Oeeoechis indica; at end of character dele {not of Dene). P. 710. In character of Sect. 1. Saecopodium after " Leaves 2 " insert in brackets (Leaf solitary in I>. longicolle). P. 711. Line 6, after Aporum add, and Strongyle. P. 712, 5. Dendeobium longicolle. Mr. Ridley informs me that this species occurs in New Guinea, and that Reichenbach's D. inauditum Reichb. f. (Lindenia ii. 66) is a synonym of it ; as also that the pseudobulbs are constantly 1-leaved, in which respect it differs from all other Indian Sarcopodia, and approaches BulhO" pliyllum. 6. D. PEEAZENSK, after KooJc. f. insert, Ic. Plant, t. 2019. P. 713. 7. D. MACEOPODTJM, add Ic. Plant, t. 2020 ; and for *' pedicels very short '* read " pedicels with ovary very long." 8. D. GEMINATUM, for " Lindl. mss.," read Lindl. Oen. S( 8p. OrcTiid. 77, and add as synonym Desmotrichum geminatum. Plume B/jdr. 332. 9. D. LONGiPES, add Ic. Plant, t. 2017, and in line 2 add, pedicel with ovary very long. — A fine suite of specimens from Mr. Wray offiers great variations ; a small form from the top of Gunong Batu Patch, alt, 67O0 ft., has close -set polished pseudobulbs iin. long, and leaves only ^-^ in., scape 1^ in. ; another has a 3-leaved pseudobulb nearly 1 in. long, and petioled leaves 3 in., the flowers of these are white tinged with 184 cxLViii. oRCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Supplement, ^c, yellow in the centre, veined with red brown ; a third form has 3 sessile elliptic leaves 2-2|^ in. long, and a very stout 3-4-fld. scape, the flowers are straw coloured, finely lined with dull pink ; a fourth form from a lower elevation has leaves 1-2^ in., and a slender 2-fld. scape, the flowers are large white. The breadth of the midlobe of the lip in this species varies from almost orbicular-ovate to dagger-shaped. The sheaths of the rhizome and pseudobulb are very membranous, red-brown. 10. D. PUMiLUM. " Common at Singapore, with flowers yellow or cream coloured ; lip with a dark spot at the tip, or veined with red. The two forms look totally different, but I can find no structural difference. I never saw so many flowers in a head as in D. quadrangular e." Ridley in litt. P. 714. 13. D. Macraei, in line 2, for peduncled read pedicelled. 13. D. LONCHOPHTLLUM, add le. Plant, t. 20X8. 14. D. KuNSTLEEi, add Ic. Plant, t. 2023, and in line 1 for leaves read leaf. " Common in mangrove swamps at Singapore, flower very fugacious, lip superior.'* Ridley in litt. P. 723. 49. D. Leonis. After the habitats insert, Disteib. Java. *' Flowers exquisitely scented of Vanilla." Ridley in litt, P. 724. 51. D. GEANDE. Add Ic. Plant, t. 2024. P. 724. 52. D. ATROPUEPUBEUM. " I think that the yellow fld. D. carnosum is distinct. D. atropurpureum is smaller, shabbier-looking, and the flowers dark claret-coloured as in Blume's drawing." Ridley in litt. P. 725. After Sect. VII. Steongtle. Dele " Flowers terminal.*' 59. D. ZENTBOPHYLLTrM. Add Ic. Plant, t. 2021, and in line 2 for flowers terminal, read ** terminal or lateral." P. 726. 62. D. SUBULATUM, for EooU.f. read Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 91, and add as synonym Onychium subulatum," Blume Bijdr. 328. 63. t). ACEEOSUM. Add to Syns., D. subteres, Lindl. in Journ. Linn. 8oc. iii. 4, " Flowers all white or veined with red, leaves curiously grooved on each side." Ridley in litt. P. 727. 68. D. Cathcaetii. After PLooTc.f. insert Ic. Plant, t. 2022. P. 728. 72. D. LoBBii, add Syn. D. Teysmanni, Miquel Fl. Ind. Bot. iii. 640. 73. D. TUBERIPEEUM. After Sook. f. insert Ic. Plant, t. 2025, and in the habitats, for Singapore read ''Perak." The Singapore and Chittagong plants are probably different species. 74. D. podageaeia. After Hook./, insert Ic. Plant, t. 2C26. 75. D. CLAViPES, Ic. Plant, t. 2027. P. 729. After 76. D. ceumenatttm, insert— 76/1. D. tenuicaule. Book. f. ; stem tall very slender above, basal internode minute globose, 2nd and 3rd elender, 4th and 6th thickened elongate conical, 5th stout 1 in. thickened cylindric ribbed, leaves 3-4 in. very narrowly linear, flowers few terminating the leafless stems, dorsal sepal oblong 7-nerved, petals oblong with one branched nerve, mentum twice as long as the obtuse lateral sepals straight, lip cuneate side lobes short rounded as broad as the sessile orbicular midlobe, disk pubescent. Andaman Islands {Ic. in Hart. Bot. Cole). Stems 10-12 in., sheathed at the upper nodes. Leaves -^^ in. broad, acute. Bracts minute, pedicel with ovary slender ^ in. ; flowers ^-f in. long, pure white ; petals as long as the dorsal sepal ; mentum trumpet-shaped tip acute yellowish ; lip sessile at the base of the mentum, membranous, delicately veined ; column very short, 3-toothed ; anther hemispheric. — Described from a drawing (that will be published in King's Annals of the Calcutta Garden) and dried flowers. 78. D. BOLBOFLOETTM. To end of specific character add Ic. Plant, t. 2028. The spurs at the base of the column, figd. and observed by Mr. C'arke, are not apparent in dried specimens. Supplement, ^c] cxltiii. orohidb^. (J. D. Hooker.) 185 P. 730. 79. D. ADrNCUM. Dele Bot. Mag. t. 6784.— Two very closely allied Bpecies are confounded under this name. D. aduncum and D. heecoglossum, agreeing in habit, foliage, inflorescence, and very nearly in flowers, but dis- tinguished by the lip, which in aduncum has a glabrous area on the disk, its flowers too are paler, the sepals less acuminate, and the arras of the column more notched. Until quite recently the native country of aduncum was unknown, and it was sup- posed to be specifically the same as a Chinese plant which Reichenbach described as hercoglossum, and which in Veitch's " Manual " is cited as a synonym. The lip in both is very shortly clawed. Lindley regarded D. aduncum as closely related to D, mosehatum, but to me it seems widely difierent. * The following are the characters of the two species : — 79. D. ADUNCUM; flowers pale pink, lip with a broad naked area on the pubescent disk. — Sikkim and Bhotan Himalaya, Assam. 79/1. D. HERCOGLOSSCM, Eeiclib. f. in Haml. Gartenzeit. xliii. 558, in Oard. Chron. 1886, ii. 487 ; flowers bright rose-red, disk of lip villous all over. D. aduncum, RooJc.f. Bot. Mag. t. 6784. SiNGAPOEE, Ridley in litt. China. 79/2. D. FLAyiDtrLUM, Ridleg mss. ; stems slender pendulous, leaves linear- lanceolate, racemes on the leafless stems short, bracts subacute, dorsal sepal ovate- oblong obtuse, tip thickened, lateral ovate acute deeply keeled from the middle to the tip, petals oblong obtuse 5-nerved, mentum large obtuse shorter than the lateral sepals, lip ovate-oblong 3-fid beyond the middle, lobes ciliate, midlobe thickened. Singapore ; at Kranji, in Mangrove swamps, common, Ridley. Stems 12-18 in., rather flexuous, soft, internodes about 1 in. Leaves 2^-3 in., acuminate with a notch on one side, membranous. Raceme with the slender peduncle i-2 in. ; bracts i in. ; flowers i in. long; sepals and petals rigid; lip 7-nerved, lobes ovate-oblong obtuse, — A very distinct species. Mr. Ridley informs me that there are 2 forms of it, one with flowers all yellow, the other with white sepals and petals. 81. D. COBNTJTUM. Insert after Ic. Riant, t. 2029. P. 731. 82. D. CUMULATIJM. I have examined specimens preserved in spirits sent by Dr. King (collected by Mr. Lister in Bhotan). The claw of the lip is not short, but may be traced down the spur, and is as long as the blade ; and what appeared as a small tubercle in the dried specimen is an elongated grooved callus much raised towards base of the claw, the mentum is more or less laterally com- pressed, sometimes longer than the sepals. The Perak plant doubtfully referred to D. cumulatum is very different, but not in a state for description. P. 731. 81/1. D. CEOCATUM, HooTc.f.; stems terete, leaves 4 by 1 in. lanceo- late acuminate, racemes on leafless stems slender few-fld., dorsal sepal and petals broadly oblong subacute 7-nerved, mentum twice as long as the ovate-oblong sub- acute lateral sepals slender spur-like acute, lip large spathulate, claw as long as the obovate entire crenulate limb, with an obtuse oblong reversed callus at the base. , Perak ; at Larut (Ic. in Sort. Calcutt.). Stems 2-3 ft., narrowed to the base, which is not tuberous, internodes 1 in., ^ in. diam. Leaves bright green, many-nerved. Raceme 1 in.; bracts small, ovate; pedicel with ovary slender, ^-| in. ; flowers 1^ in. long, bright orange yellow with red specks on each side of the lip towards the base of the limb ; mentum nearly straight. — Described from dried flowers and a drawing that will be published in King's Annals of the Calcutta Garden. 84. D. KENTEOCHiLTJM, after HooJc.f. insert Ic. Plant, t. 2030. 85. D. MEGACEEA8, after SooTi.f. insert Ic. Plant, t. 2031. ^ P. 732. 87. D. HTMENANTHUM, after Hook, f. insert Ic. Plant, t. 2032. There being an earlier D. hymenanthum (Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orchid. 86), I have named this species hymenopteeum in the " Icones Plantarum." 186 cxLVin. ORCHiDBJE. (J. D, Hooker.) [Supplement, ^c. After 89, D. Peeula, insert — 89/1. D. PANDUEiFEEFM, HooJc. f.; stems elongate cylindric grooved, leaves (on 3'oung stems only) lanceolate, racemes short 6-8-fld., dorsal sepal broadly ovate obtuse, petals orbicular crenate, mentum many times longer than the broadly ovate subacute lateral sepals tip swollen, claw very long and slender, limb small deeply constricted in the middle forming lateral auricle-like side lobes and an obcordate midlobe, disk with a large transverse lamella between the side lobes. Pegu ; at Rangoon, Gilbert (Ic. in Herb. Calcutt.). Stems 2-3 ft., narrowed at the base j internodes 1-1| by | in., nodes often rooting j sheaths membranous, white, young green and speckled. Leaves few, 1-1^ in., acuminate. Racemes 1-2 in.; bracts small; pedicel with ovary ^ in,*; flowers 1 in. long ; sepals and petals green with streaks of red dots along the numerous nerves ; mentum incurved, thickened towards the rounded tip, straight or slightly curved, green streaked with red ; claw of lip 3-4 times as Iqng as the dull yellow limb, margins incurved above, below united to the walls of the mentum ; anther stipitate on the top of the column. — Nearly allied to D. tropceoUJiorum. Also near 88, D. ionopus, R.f., but the flowers are not yellow with red blotches, nor is the claw of the lip thick and keeled. This will be figured in King's Annals of the Calcutta Garden. Var. serpens. In the Calcutta Garden collection of drawings is one of a variety of panduriferum, or of a very closely allied species, marked as from Perak (Ktcnstler), with longer flexuous stems tuberous at the base, yellow sepals, and petals streaked rather than dotted with red along the nerves, and a mentum as long but not thick- ened towards the tip ; the limb of the lip is less constricted in the middle. This may be Reichenbach's D. ionopus. 89/2. D. TROPCEOLiFLOEUM, HooTc. f. ; stem flexuous thickened upwards deeply grooved, leaves linear-oblong, raceme slender 6-fld., dorsal sepal ovate acute, petals very broad, mentum straight cylindric many times longer than the triangular-ovate acute lateral sepals, lip with a very long slender claw and small panduriform limb disk with a large semilunar callus. Perak ; at Larut, Kunstler {Ic. in Herb. Calcutt,). Stem a foot long, incurved, internodes -|-1 in., the thickest \ in. diam. Le(tf 2^ by f in., acute. Raceme 2 in., rachis pink ; bracts minute ; pedicel with ovary •I in., green ; flowers 1 in. long ; sepals and petals \-l in. long, dark red-purple ; mentum | in., yellow-green, tip rounded ; limb of lip with a rounded retuse apiculate tip. — A remarkable species, described from a drawing, which will be published in King's Annals of the Calcutta Garden. According to a note by Mr. Brace which accompanies the drawing, the sides of the claw of the lip adhere to the sides of the mentum (as in panduriferum and probably other species of Sect. Fedilonum). The flowers very much resemble in form those of Tropceolum pentaphyllum , Lamk. P. 732. 91. D. BiFAEiuM; after Wall. Cat. 2002, add [in part), for one of the specimens is a var. of AppendAcula lifaria. (See p. 83.) P. 737. 108. D. SPHEGIDOGLOSSFM. D. STUPOSUM being the earlier name should be adopted. P. 741. 124. D. PENDUITTM. Dele Syn. D. Wardianum (see No. 127). D. melanantJium is considered to be a hybrid with D. Wardianum. \ P. 743. 130. D. Devonianum ; under Syns., after " not of Lodd." add, nor of Uoxb. , or of Bot. Mag. 131. D. DALHOTJSiEAifUM, must take the name of pttlchellttm, Roxb. in Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp.^ Orchid. 82 ; Fl. Ind. iii. 486, a species, which, misled by Lindley's reference to it of D. Devonianum, I had hitherto failed to recognize. Reverting to it for this supplement, I find nothing in Roxburgh's description and drawing to distinguish it from Dalhousieamim (also a native of Silhet) except the drawing of the lip, which is too obcordate, and does not represent the villous tip, or the pectinate lobes on the disk which are so conspicuous in the latter plant. On the other hand, Roxburgh describes the lip as " beautifully marked, ciliate and ramenta- ceous,^' characters that apply to Dalhousieanum and to no other species at all like it. Supplement^ ^c] oxlviii. orchidej;. (J. D. Hooker.) 187 In short, as with Ccelogyne nitida & Geodorum recurvum, the faulty drawings, all by the same native artist, of the lips (probably in a withered state) have retarded the recognition of otherwise well marked and described species. In this view Mr. Rolfe is disposed to agree with me. With regard to Loddige's pulchellum, (Bot. Cab. t. 1935, & Bot. Mag. t. 5037), Rolfe (Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 155) has shown that it is a Chinese plant (D. Loddigesiiy Rolfe), and neither 'Koxhxxrgh' s, pulchellum nor Detonianum. P. 745. 137. D. Brtmerianum. Dr. Trimen has sent me a fine drawing from the Peradeniya Herbarium of a cultivated specimen of D. criniferum, showing that has no affinity with J>. Brymerianum, but belongs to the Sect. Cadetia. It is probably a Philippine species. P. 746. D. MOULMEINENSE, is perhaps only a stsite o( D. dixanthum. At the end of the specific character add Ic. Flant. t. 2033. P. 748. 146. D. CHRTSEUM, as stated at vol. v. p. 751, this name must give place to D. aurantiacum, R.f. P. 752. D. Httghii. Dele, said to be a form of D. cnimenatum ; and add to species UNKNOWN TO ME — D. Andersonii, Scott in Journ. Agrie. Soc. Ind. iii. (1872) 117, from Burma, collected by Dr. J. Anderson in 1868, and described from a plant that flowered in the Calcutta Bot. Gardens. It resembles, according to its author, a dwarfed form of D. formosmn, from which species the description does not enable me to distinguish it. It is stated to be highly aromatic. P. 753. 2. B. CLANDESTINUM. Common at Singapore, Midley in litt. 3. B. MACRANTHUM, in last line after "lip "add "strongly recurved," and to^ citations, Ridley in Ann. Bot. iv. (1890), 335, t. 22, f. 1-6. The flowers smell of cloves, Midley. P. 754. After 4. B. megalanthum, add — 4/1. B. PATENS, King mss. ; scape very short 1-fld., pedicel longer than the pseudobulb of the elliptic-oblong leaf, flower 1\ in. diam., petals linear-lanceolate and broader lateral sepals widely spreading and falcately decurved, hp shortly stipitate linear-oblong quite straight, column truncate without apical teeth. Perak, Kunstler (le. in Serb. Galeutt.) Bhizome stout, crinite at the nodes j pseudobulbs 1-1^ in., ellipsoid. Leaf 6-8 in. by 2-2 § in., acute, narrowed into a short petiole. Scape \-^ in., close to the pseudobulb, clothed with short imbricate scales ; pedicel 1^-2 in., yellowish speckled with red ; sepals and petals yellowish, closely mottled with red-purple, |-1 in. long, dorsal erect and incurved, linear-lanceolate, lateral ovate -lanceolate ; lip i in. long, obtuse, base truncate; column very short. — Described from the drawing in Herb. Calcutt., and dried flowers. The straight lip is remarkable in the genus, and distinguishes it from JB. macranthum. P. 755. 9. B. LoBBii, add to habitats, Chittagong hills, (Ic. m Herb. Calcutt.) P. 756. 17. B. membranipolium:. After Ic. Flant. insert t. 2034. P. 757. 19. B. MEDUSA. Mr. Ridley informs me that there are two forms of this ; a Bornean with pale hardly spotted flowers, and a Singaporean with much larger thickly spotted flowers. 21. B. CONPERTUM. After Ic. Plant, insert 2035. P. 758. 24. B. CAULIPLORUM „ „ „ 2036. 25. B. PROTRACTUM „ „ „ 2037. P. 759. 29. B. MODESTUM „ „ „ 2038 B. 29/1. B. CONCINNUM, HooJcf. Ic. Flant. t. 2038 A ; scape shorter than the oblong leaf slender few-fld., flowers very small, sepals ovate-l.mceolate acute 3 -nerved cellular, 3 times as long as the linear-oblong obtuse 1-nerved petals, mentura rounded, lip minute recurved, columnar spurs slender. Singapore, at Chang Chu Rang. Ridley. Rhizome very slender, sheathed j pseudobulbs ^— | in., narrow terete curved. 188 oxLViii. ORCHiDB^. (J. D. Hooker.) [Supplement, ^c. Leaf %-]. in., acute or obtuse, coriaceous. Scape |-1 in., 3-5-fld., sheaths few small, bracts lanceolate nearly as long as the ovary or shorter, flowers orange-yellow ; sepals about ^ in. long, dorsal rather the shortest ; lip tongue-shaped. 30. B. LEPTANTHUM. After Ic. Plant, insert 2039 A, and in line 4 for 3- nerved sepals read 1-nerved petals. — Var. ? Gamhlei. After a further comparison of specimens with JS. leptanthum, I am convinced of the specific distinctness of this variety, which I have figured in the " Icones Plantarum" as B. Gamhlei t. 2039 B. P. 760. 3. B. KiNGii. ^fter Ic. Plant, insert t. 2053 ined. P. 761. Under 37. B. cupreum. Dele the synon. var. stenopetala. Two very closely allied species are here confounded, both natives of Tenasserim ; one is the true cupreum var. stenopetalum, which, as Mr. Rolfe has pointed out to me is also that author's £. rujinum, a plant referred by me by oversight to 58. B. conchipe- EUM (which has no pseudobulb and no auricles to the lip). The following are the characters of the two species : — 37. B, CUPREUM, I/indl. I. c. ; pseudobulb 1 in. subglobose, scape slender inclined slightly curved, sheaths small distant, raceme 1-2 in., flowers uniformly coppery yellow, bracts ovate-oblong much shorter than the ovary, lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate acute, petals triangular-ovate acuminate, lip narrow obtuse auricles large, columnar spurs short slender. Tenasserim, Parish. — Very like B. Carey- anum, but the rhizome and scape are much more slender, the flowers fewer and less dense, and the petals are not aristate. Lindley's description is wholly insufficient. In his specimen the petals and auricles of the lip are serrulate, in others that flowered at Kew they are entire. The Manilla habitat is no doubt an error. 37/1. B. RUPINUM, Beichh. f. Xen. OrcJdd. iii, 45 t. 219 ; pseudobulb 2 in. oblong, scape long stout decurved, sheaths large, raceme 6-10 in. lax-fld., bracts lanceolate about as long as the flowers, flowers dirty-yellow with red streaks on the sepals, lateral sepals and small petals narrowly lanceolate acuminate, lip narrow obtuse, auricles small entire, columnar spurs slender. B. cupreum var. stenopetalum, Ueichh. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxx. 152. — Tenasserim, Parish. — The large pseudo- bulb, stout large scape, long raceme and bracts, narrow eepals, and colour of the flowers readily distinguish this from cupreum and Careyanum. P. 764. 32. B. GYMNOPUS. After Ic. Plant, insert t. 2040. 53. B. Thomsoni „ „ ,, t. 2041. 54. B. SECUNDUM ,, „ ,, t. 2042. P. 766. 58. B. CONCHIFERUM, dele B. rufinum, &c. See above, No. 37/1. 61. B. APODUM. After Ic. Plant, insert t. 2043. 62. B. Wrayi „ „ t. 2044. P. 767. 63. B. LEPTOSEPALUM „ „ t. 2045. 64. B. HTMENANTHUM „ „ t. 2046, and after it place — 64/1. B. ADENOPETALUM, Lindl. in Sot. Ueg. 1842, Misc. 85; pseudobulbs obsolete, leaves petioled oblong obtuse base scarcely pseudobulbous, spike rather longer thau the leaf many-sheathed below many-fld,, sepals acuminate, petals spathulate acute glandular within, lip narrowly ovate obtuse ciliate base channelled. Walp. Ann. vi. 255. . Singapore ; Hort. Loddiges, Flowers yellowish, slightly sweet-scented. — Described from Lindley j there is no specimen in his Herbarium, only a sketch of the flower, in which the ovate sepals are narrowed into long capillary points. — Two diff^erent Philippine species in Herb. Hook, and in Herb. Lindley, both labelled by that author B. adenopetalum, led me to suppose that the latter had been erroneously attributed to Singapore, whence my exclusion of it from the Flora. 64/2. B. VERMICULARE, HooJc. f. Ic. Plant, t: 2054; rhizome very slender tortuous, leaves small linear-oblong obtuse base narrowed, scape short slender few- fld., sepals 1-nerved dorsal linear, lateral ovate -lanceolate uncinately falcate, petals narrowly linear 1-nerved, lip linear-oblong obtuse 3-nerved hairy. Supplement y ^c] cxlviii. orchide^. (J. D. Hooker.) 189 Singapore ; at Kranji, Ridley. Rhizome as thick as a sparrow's quill ; psendobulb 0. Leaf l^-lf in., narrowed into a short petiole. Scape with the spike shorter than the leaves, 2-sheathed ; bracts half as long as the flower; ovary very short ; flowers ^ in. long; lateral sepals finely acuminate, decurved ; petals half as long, obtuse ; lip thin, sessile, almost as long as the petals, hairs long flexuous ; column with short spurs. — Near B. adenopetalum, differing in the petals not being spathulate or glandular within, and in the sepals not having long filiform apices, and in the linear 3-nerved lip. 66. B. Globulus. After Ic. Plant, insert t. 2047. P. 768. 71. B. MICRANTHUM „ „ „ t. 2018. P. 769. 75. B. ciRRHATUM „ „ „ t. 2049. P. 770. 79. B. CANDiDUM „ „ ,, t. 2050. P. 770. B. ADENOPETALUM. See above. No. 64/1. P. 771. B. siLLENiANUM, should be sillemianum. After B. Sillemianum, add — B. STRIATELLUM, Ridley in Ann. JBot. iv. (1890) 335 {excl. fig.) ; very small, rhizome filiform, pseudobulbs conic curved, leaf lanceolate acute, scape very short filiform 1-fld. sepals subequal oblong or oblong-lanceolate caudate, petals ovate-oblong obtuse, lip very short narrow recurved pubescent beneath, columnar arms obtuse. Singapore, on trees, Char Chu Raang, Bidley. Fseudobulbs hardly | in. long. Leaf erect, 2 by ^ in. Scape hardly longer than the pseudobulb, 1-2-sheathed at the base; pedicel 1 in., red; perianth closed; sepals ^ in. long and petals yellow with 3 red keels; petals l-nerved; lip yellow, tip .dotted with red and with 2 red dots at the base; column short.' — I have seen no specimen. Description from Ridley, who describes the arms of the column as short and obtuse. The petals he describes as being rather shorter than the body of the sepals (that is without the tails). The figure which he gives (t. 22 f. 7, 8, 9) must belong to a different species, for the columnar arms are represented as very slender. I do not know where to place this curious 1-flowered species which certainly does not naturally belong to the l.fld. section. It may be a depauperated state of a plant of either the racemose or capitate section. 9/1. Henosis. I have erred in the description of this remarkable plant. The real petals, which form a minute broad low wing on each side of (what is not a column with adnate petals but) the enormous 2-winged column, along the naked foot of which they extend as a membranous boarder to the insertion of the lateral sepals, they are perfectly hyaline, and were so appressed to the sides of the very base of the column that (though they are indicated in a rude sketch by Liudley), I over- looked them, and I am indebted to my artist, Miss Smith, for pointing them out to me ; they are not triangular-ligulate, as described by Reichenbach, but low and very broad. — It may be a question whether this plant should not be restored to BulbopTiyllum, in which Reichenbach placed it ; if it is to be retained it must be on account of the remarkable very large 2-winged column, like none other in the genus known to me; the long pedicels too are quite peculiar. If referred to Bulho- phyllum it should be to the racemose section with pseudobulbs and glabrous eciliate sepals and petals, though very unlike any member of that group. It might with 52. £, gymnopus and 62. B. Wrayi, form a group distinguished from all others by the lateral sepals being inserted at the apex of the naked foot of the column. H. longipes, after Ic. Plant, insert t. 2051 ined. P. 773, after 3. C. vaginatum, insert — 3/1. C. LONGESCAPUM, Teysm. ^ Binn. in Batav. Natur. Tijdsch. xxiv. (1862) 311 ; pseudobulbs subovate obtuse 4-angled 2-leaved, leaves oblong obtuse emargi- nate coriaceous glabrous, scapes long cylindric, flowers capitate densely crowded horizontal, bracts short, lateral sepals subserrulate, dorsal smaller linear-lanceolate erect, petals obtuse ciliate with long hairs 5-nerved, lip tongue-shaped obtuse reflexed channelled base cordate. Penang, Lohb. 190 cxLviii. OROHiDEiE. (J. D. Hookei.) {^Supplement J Sfc. Pseudohulh 2 by IJ in. Leaves 6 by 1^ in. Scape 15 in. j flowers 20-25, brown. — Description from the authors. I know nothing like it. The 2.1eaved pseudo- bulbs are remarkable. P. 774. 9. C. EoxBiTRGHii. After Ic. Plant. 2057 A. insert — From a drawing- lately received from Calcutta, I suspect that C. Andersonii should be referred to 0. Roxhurgliii. 9/1. C. coNCiNNUM, Soolc. /. Ic. Plant, t. 2060 B. ; very small, rhizome slender, pseudobulbs conico-ovoid, lateral sepals i in. linear-oblong acute nearly flat, twice as long as the ovate caudate long-ciliate dorsal, petals as long as the dorsal sepal ovate-lanceolate caudate acuminate long ciliate, lip fleshy strongly recurved, column winged shortly 2-toothed. SiNGAPOEE ; Bidley. Pseudobulbs ^ in. ; close set, curved. Leaf 1-1^ in,, oblanceolate, obtuse, coriaceous, hardly petioled. Scape from the base of the pseudobulb, with membranous sheaths at the base, very slender, shorter than the leaf ; flowers 6-8, whorled ; bracts minute; pedicels very short ; sepals S-nei'ved ; petals 3-nerved. P. 775. 15. CiERHOPETALUM ELATUM, after Ic. Plant, insert — t. 2052 P. 777. 20. C. Andeesoni, „ „ „ t. 2055 21. C.BREVIPES, „ „ „ t. 2056 22. C. AUREUM, „ „ „ t. 2057 B P. 778. 26. C. Gamblei, „ „ „ t. 2058 27. C. Thomsoni, „ „ „ t. 2059 29. C. parvulum, „ „ „ t. 2060 A P. 779. 32. C. viRiDiPLOEUM, „ „ „ t. 2061 P. 780. 33. C. BLEPHARISTES. In a fine drawing of this lately received from the Calcutta Gardens, the leaves are often 2-nate, the scape long and decurved, and the sepals and petals 7-9-nerved. 34. C. Macraei. Under Synonyms, for Bulb. Walkerianum, read Macraei. P. 782. 32. DENDROCHiLUMLiNEAEiPOLiirM, after 7c. PZan^. add t. 1859 tnec?. J and, confer D. fuscum, Teijsm. ^ Binn. Bat. Natur. Tijdsch. xxix. (1867) 242. P. 784. 2. Chetsoglossum eeeaticum, after Ic. Plant, insert— t. 2062 3. „ ASSAMICUM, „ „ „ t. 2063 4. „ MACULATiJM, t. 2064, and add Syn. Tainia maculata, p. 821. CoLLABiuM Weati, After Ic. Plant, insert — t. 2085 P. 788. 11. Eriaexilis, „ „ „ t. 2074 A P. 789. 15. E. MuscicoLA. The Ceylon form referred to at the end of the description is var. ohlongja, Trim. Cat, Qeyl. PI. 88. P. 790. 18. 5) KiNGII, After Ic. Plant. insert- -t. 2066 19. )> IRIDIFOLIA, )) )> t. 2067 20. J> LONGIPOLIA, }j jj t. 2068 P. 795. 38. }} Andeesoni, >> j> t. 2069 P. 797. 46. eecuevata, j> t. 2070 48. »5 saccipeea. jj t. 2071 P. 798. 50. J> Maingati, » j> t. 2072 P. 801. 63. »> ANDAMANICA, » j> t. 2073 64. E. PULCHELLA. I have lately received more specimens, and from Cal- cutta drawings of this plant, from which I conclude that Lindley was right in dis- tinguishing E. discolor from IE. pulchella, though he assigns no good reasons for doing so. The chief differences are the very large stout articulate pseudobulbs of U. discolor, its much stouter rhizome, and stouter more glabrous scape with more numerous cochleate coriaceous bracts. JE. pulchella is a Malayan species, from Tenasserim to Java. U. discolor has been found only in Sikkim. Both have nearly orbicular lips articulate with the pulvinate purple shining foot of the column by a very narrow short claw. Supplement, ^c] cxLViii. orohide^. (J. D. Hooker.) » 191 P. 803. 71. E. Thwaitesii. For SooTc. /., read Tnmen Cat. Qeyl, J?l. 88. P. 804. After 72. E. pannea, insert— 73/1, E. CALAMiroLiA, Hook. f. ; stems very short from a creeping rootstock 3-4-leaved, leaves linear terete acuminate, scape terminal 3-4.fld. and flowers densely woolly, bracts large ovate acuminate, mentum short obtuse, petals linear- oblong puberulous, lip ovate-oblong obtuse very thick concave about the middle, quite smooth and naked. Uppee Assam ; Makum forest, Mann. Rhizome as thick as a crow-quill, and short leaf sheaths sparingly woolly; pseudobulbs 0. Leaves 3-6 in., about ^ in. diam., obscurely channelled above when dry, acuminate, quite smooth, glabrous. Scape terminal, much shorter than the leaves, slender, densely white, silkily woolly as are the backs of the bracts and sepals ; bracts -i in. ; sepals \ in. long, dorsal oblong, lateral triangular-ovate acute ; petals much smaller ; lip straight, jointed on the broad foot of the column, which is short broad puberulous with an ovate subacute apex and incurved sides j anther mitriform, obtuse. — Probably the Sikkim & Khasian IE. pannea. P. 804. 75. Eeia pygm^a. After Ic. . Plant. insert- -t. 2074B 76. ,, LANCIFOLIA, ,, 5> 5> t. 2075 P. 805. 78. „ CRASSICAULIS, 3> >> JJ t. 2076 79. „ LEPTOCARPA, JJ )> » t. 2077 P. 806. 83, „ GRACILIS, J) 5> t. 2078 P. 807. 84. „ OLIGANTHA, J> }t >> t. 2079 87. „ TUBEROSA, >' JJ >> t. 2080 P. 808. 89. „ APORINA, J> 51 >) t. 2081 P. 809. 93. „ Scortechinii, >5 )> J> t. 2082 P. 810. Claderia vieidiflora. >> if )» t. 2083 P. 811. 4. Phreatia nana. >> >) t. 2084 P. 813. 2. Spathoglottis aurea, after Walp. Ann. vi. 455, insert Eeic7i&. /. in Oard. Chr on. 1888, 92, with fig. ; Veitcli . Man. Orcfdd. Pt. vi. 6. S. Kimba- liana, iTor^. 3. S. Weati, after Ic. Plant, insert t. 2086 1. P. 814. 4. S. Bensoni, „ „ „ t. 2087. 5. S. LoBBii, at end of description add in Veitch Man. Orchid. Pfc. vi. 7 this species is described as a native of Borneo. Eeichenbach gives E* Indies, ? Khasia. The specimens in Kew Herbarium are from Tenasserim, on rocks at Akyab, Parish. 6. S. PUBESCENs, var. JBerkeJeyi, specimen of this in Herb. Calcutt. from Upper Burma have leaves 1 in. broad, the scape 18 in., and flower as in Fortuni, except that the midlobe of the lip is very thick, and its wings cuneately oblong and truncate. P. 816. 1. Phajus Wallichii. Add after Walp. Ann. vi. 459, :Bot. Mag. t. 7023, and after de Vriese Illust. t. 8, add Kegel Gartenfl. 1865, t. 404.— Veitch (Man. Pt. vi. 15) describes P. hicolor as a var. of Wallichii, with small knobby rhizomes, and smaller flowers having a tawny yellow spur and tube of the lip, and white mid- lobe bordered with rose. It is a native of Ceylon. He retains F. grandif alius as a different species, including Blumei as a var. of it. The only tangible characters, except colour, by which he distinguishes grandifoliusivovo. Wallichii are, that in the former the sepals and petals are oblong-lanceolate, and the lip broadly obovate; whilst in the latter the sepals and petals are linear-lanceolate and the lip broadly oval. He gives the Himalayas as habitat for both. His var. Blumei differs from the type (grandifolius) in the broader deep buff yellow petals and sepals faintly mottled with red. As habitats of grandifolius he gives, besides the original one of China, the Himalaya, Cochin China and Australia; thus following Bentham {Fl. Austral. vii. 304), who includes P. australis, leucoyhceus and Carronii, of F. Muell) under that species. 2. P. VEEATfiiFOLiUS. Add. Svn. Dendrobium veratrifolium, Moxb. Hart. Seng. 63. 192 • cxLviii. ORCHiDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) [^Supplement, ^c. P. 817. 3. P. MACULATFS. After Mus. Bot ii. 180 insert Williams Orchid. Alh. t. 381, and place Mum. Orchid. ArcMp. Ind. 9, after Reichb. Fl. Exot. t. 63. 3/1. P. NANUS, Hook. f. Ic. Plant, t. 2088 ined. ; leaves 4-5 in., scape very short closely sheathed, raceme dense-fld., sepals and petals lanceolate acuminate, lip as broad as long puberulous within, side lobes rounded, midlobe short broad undulate, spur 0. Bengal; in the Buxa Doar, Gamble (in Herb. Calcuti.). Pseudobulbs 0. Boots tufted ; rootstock stoGt, with grass-like sheaths some- times much longer than the leaf. Leaf elliptic, acute; petiole 2 in., stout. Scape from the base of the leaf and shorter than it is, sheaths subacute ; bracts cymbiform, acuminate ; sepals 1^ in. long ; column short, stout, puberulous. — A very singular species, of which I have seen but two specimens, kindly lent from the Calcutta Herbarium by Dr. King. The long grass-like sheaths or primordial leaves are singular. P. 818. 7. P. albus. Var. Bensonice, after description insert Phajus Bensonise, Hemsl. in Qard. Chron. 1882, 565 j and after Jenning^s Orchid, add Williams Orchid. Alb. ii. t. 67. — Veitch {Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 19) does not regard Bensonice, alba and Marshalliana as specifically distinct; he distinguishes Bensonice from alba by the larger differently-coloured flowers, with the midlobe of the lip larger in proportion to the whole lip, and more oblong, and by the wings of the column being toothed. He keeps Marshalliana as a form from being usually more tall and robust, the lip shorter, the hairs on the crests of the lip more numerous and longer, the column shorter and stouter with the apical wings more dilated ; and as a subvar. of this he maintains Reichenbach's var. ionophlebia {Oard. Chron. 1885, 70), with the centre of the lip pale yellow, the sides streaked with purple. 25. Nephelaphtllum, Blume. In the generic description in the 2nd line after leaf, add, or elongate and exserted ; and after 3. N. tenuiflorum, add — 4. N. NUDUM, Hook.f. ; leaves ovate acuminate, scape slender much longer than the leaves few-fld., bracts slender, lip elongate narrowly subpanduriform, side lobes small acute, midlobe transversely oblong retuse with a short broad semicircular lamella on the mibrib towards the tip. SiKKiM Himalaya ; King. Stem stout, 4 in., ascending. Leaves distant, 1-2 in., lower petioled, upper sessile ; sheath short, membranous. Scape 6 in., with a basal and median tubular appressed sheath nearly 1 in. long ; bracts ^ in., as long as the pedicel and ovary, deflexed ; sepals and petals spreading, subequal, linear, subacute, 3-nerved : lip nearly 1 in. long from the base of the stout truncate spur to the tip of the dorsal sepal, membra- nous, 3-nerved with branching side nerves, gradually dilated upwards to the tooth-like side lobes, midlobe broader than the rest of the lip, margins undulate. — Near N. tenuifiorum, which has also a tall scape. 5. N. grandifloeum, SooJc. f. ; leaves ovate deeply cordate acuminate, scape longer than the leaves 2-fld., flowers 1 in. diam., lip oblong, side lobes small obtuse, midlobe ovate tip rounded, disk with 3 keels from base to apex. Peeak {Ic. Scortechini). Malaya, Kunstler {Ic. in Herb. Calcutt.). Leaves 3-5 by 2^-3^ in., strongly nerved, basal lobes rounded, sinus narrow ; petiole 3-4 in., stout. Scape with raceme 8-10 in., pubescent, sheaths tubular, appressed, membranous; bracts small, lanceolate ; flowers greenish flushed with red, lip purple; sepals lanceolate, acute ; petals rather broader, elliptic; lip decurved, white externally, mentum truncate; column white, purple at the base. — Described from a fine drawing in Herb. Calcutt., perhaps (as usual with native artists) exag'gerated in dimensions. P. 820. 2. Tainia penangiana, after Eooh.f. insert Ic. Plant, t. 2089 ined. 5. T. latifolia, add Syn. Cymbid., ariff, Notul. iii. 343; Ic. Plant. Asiat. t. 319. Supplement, tj-c] cxlviii. ORCHiDEiE. (J. D. Hooker.) 193 7. T. KH A SI ANA, after le. Plant, insert t. 2090 8. T. MINOR, „ „ t. 2091 9. T. HAST ATA, „ „ t. 2092 10. T. MACULATA to be cancelled; it is Chrysoglossum viaculatum, p. 784. 11. T. LATiLiNauA, after Ic. Plant, insert t. 2093 14. T. Maingayi, after „ „ t. 2094 and add — 15. T. COEData, Book. f. ; leaf-blade longer than the stout petiole base cor- date, scape tall many-fld. slender, sepals linear subacute and lanceolate petals 1- nerved, mentuin very short, side lobes of lip short acute, midlobe suborbicular, disk with 2 lamellae reaching nearly to the apex. SiKKiM Himalaya {Ic. in Horf. Calcutt.). Rhizome as stout as the middle finger or stouter and pseudobulb and petiole dark purple. Leaf ohont 12 by 4^ in., 7-nerved, base oblique. Scape with raceme 2 ft. ; racemr laxly niany-fld. ; bracts ^ in., lanceolate, shorter than tlie ovaries ; sepals and petals I in., dark green and red; lip yellow, midlobe entire; anther with two purple nobs. — Described from an excellent drawing made in the Calcutta Bot. Gardens, where there is also an outline drawing, by Simons, of an Assam allied species, with no pseudobulb, a petiole as thick as the little finger, a suborbicular-cordate acuminate 9-nerved leaf 71 by 6 in., a scape mu-'h shorter than the leaf few-fld., sepals lanceo- late 5-nerved, petals ovate-oblong acute 5-nerved, and a cuneiform lip with small midlobe, mentum large conical. P. 824. 3. Ageostophtlium giumaceum:, after Ic. Plant, insert t. 2095 4. A. majus „ „ „ t. 2096 5. A. PAUCIFLOBUM „ „ ,, t. 2097 P. 825. 2. Cebastostylis malaccensis „ ,, „ t. 2098 3. C. CLATHEATA „ „ „ t. 2099 p. 826. 4. C. TENDULA „ „ „ t. 2L00 5. C. HIMALAICA „ „ J, t. 2101 6. C. LANCiroLiA „ ,, „ t. 2102 p. 827. 7. C.EOBUSTA „ „ „ t.2103. 33. Teichosma suatis, for 1841 Misc. 83, read 1842, t. 21. P. 828. 34. CcELOQYNE, After the publication of Vol. V. of this work, Veitcli's Manual Pt. vi. appeared, containing the cultivated species o^ Coelogyne with good descriptions, and with figures of several British Indian ones, which are cited below. 1. C(ELOGYNE Gaedneeiana, after Paaji.Jffa^. vi. t. 73 insert Williams Orchid. Alb. iv. fc. 153. P. 829. 4. C. CEISTATA, after Coll. Bot. t. 32 insert Gen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 39 {excl. Syn. Cymbid. strictum, Bon) ; and add to citations, Wall. Cat. 1958; Gard. Chron. 1877, 597, with fig.; 1888, i. 488, fig. 68; Veitch Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 34, loithfig. P. 830. 6. C. TOMENTOSA, add Veitch Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 57, with fig. 7. C. Massangeana, add „ „ „ 43, with fig. P. 831. After 9. 0. lentiginosa, insert — 9/1. C. RossiANA, i2eicA&./. i« Gard. Chron. 1884, ii. 808; pseudobulbs large 8-10-grooved, leaves elliptic -lanceolate petioled, scape very stout decurved then suddenly upcurved 3-4-fld. closely clothed with short densely imbricate sheaths, lateral sepals narrowly linear-oblong acute and very narrow petals white, lip narrow side lobes with rounded angles and brown sides, midlobe ovate entire revolute yellow, di&k with 2 crenate lamellaa from base to apex and a slender median one. ' Veitch Man. Pt. vi. 48; Rolfe in Gard. Chron. 18S9, 650; Bot. Mag. t. 7172. Burma {Hort. Ross). Pseudobulbs 2-3 in., oblong or subpyriform; sheaths 0. Leaves 8-12 by 2-3 in., strongly 3-nerved, petiole 1-1| in. Scape from the base of the pseudobulb, 2-3 in. long along its curvature, narrowed from the stout base upwards ; sheaths coriaceous, green, tips rounded; raceme erect, 2-3 in., Blender, lax-fld. ; bracts VOL. VI. O 194 cxLViii. ORCHiDE^. (J. J). Hookei.) [Supplement, 4c, f in. lone:, as long as tbe pedicel and ovary, lanceolate, concave, caducous ; flowers 1^-2 in. diam. ; sepals i in. broad ; midlobe of lip not contracted at the base ; column white. — The strong decurvature of the scape is not mentioned by Reichenbach or Veitch. , P. 831. 11. C. COEYMBOSA, afccr Oard. Chron. 1876, insert, 88. P. 832. 16. C. OCCULTATA, insert after Ic. Plant. 2104. P. 834. After 21. C. cynoches, insert — 21/1. C. LONGIBRACTATA, Hooh. f. ; pseudobulbs Small, leaves petioled lanceolate, Fcape very long stout strict erect, raceme erect few-fld. bracts 2 in. persistent, flowers white, sepals lanceolate acuminate, petals narrowly linear-oblong, side lobes of lip short rounded, midlobe orbicular, disk with 3 crenate yellow ridges. Perak, Kunstler. Rhizome very stout ; pseudobulbs 1^-2 in., obovoid, deeply grooved. Leaves 6-7 t>y 1-1 2^ 'I' Scape lateral, 6 in., clothed with cylindric green tubular truncate sheaths 1^-2 in. long, and with 2 leaves emerging from the upper sheath ; bracts very narrow, at length deflexed ; flowers nearly 2 in. diam. ; midlobe of lip yellowish towHrds the centre, margins at the base crisped. In many respects allied to C Maingayi. 22. C SPECIOSA. Veitch (Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 50) gives as a synonym C. sal- monicolor, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1883, 328, and describes a Var. albicans, with larger flowers, sepals and petals light yellowish-green, lip 3 in. long, white, side lobes freckled with red-brown, midlobe brown. 24. C. ScHiLLEEiANA, insert after the description, TenasSeeim, at Moulmein, Lohh. P. 835. 28. C. PANDURATA, in line 1 for 78 read 791, and add to citations, Veitch. Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 47, with Jig. 29. C. ASPEEATA. Veitch [Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 31) says of this, " Widely- distributed over the Malay Archipelago, from Sumatra to I^ew Guinea." P. 836. 33. C. MiCRANTHUM should be miceantha. P. 837. 34. C. Teeutleri, after Ic. Plant, insert t. 2105. 36. C. NiTiDA, under Syn. C. ocellata, add Veitch Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 45. 37. C. STENOCHiLA, after Ic. Plant, insert t. 2106. ^ P. 838. 38. C. CAENEA, after Ic. Plant, insert t. 2107. 39. C. ELATA. This is said to inhabit higher regions than the Tropical, up to 9000 ft. {Veitch Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 37). 41. C. GEipriTHii. After Ic. Plant, insert t. 2108. ,P. 839. 42. C. BABBATA, add Veitch Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 32, with fig. P. 840. 47. C. ANCEPS. After Ic. Plant, insert t. 2109. 48. 0. PEiEcox. In line 1, before Fol. Orchid, insert Qen. ^ Sp. Orchid. 43, and to syns. add Cymbidium prsecox, Smith in Bees Cyclop. Veitch {Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 58) distinguishes his Var. Wallichiana, by its deeper colour, more strongly-marked veins, the midlobe of the lip toothed rather than fringed, and the shorter teeth of the crests ; he includes C. hirmania under it, and gives a figure of the flower. 49. C. HUMiLis. Veitch {Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 55) gives an excellent figure and description of this. P. 841. 50. C. MACULATA, add Var. Arthuriana, Veitch Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 57 ; pseudobulbs smaller angular, flowers smaller, petals with purple lines, midlobe of lip margined with a purple band. C. Arthuriana, Reichh. f. in Oard. Chron. 1881, i.40. — Kangoon. 51. C. lagenaria, Veitoh {Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 57) gives a good figure of the flowers, and adds that it was introduced by Lobb from the Khasia Hills. 52. C. Eeichenbachiana, Veitch gives 6-7000 ft. as the elevation at which this species was found. P. 842. 53. C. Hookeriana. Veitch {Man. Orchid, Pt. vi. 53) cites a var. brachgglossa, Reichh. f. in Oard. Chron. 1887, i. 833, with a shorter and more open Supplement, tj-c] cxLvrii. orchide/E. (J. D. Hooker.) 195 lip, white with a light yellow disk spotted with brown, and pale rose sepals and petals. It is a native of Sikkiin at a higher elevation than the type. C. Hooker- lANA is, as stated at p. 828, the only species in which the leaves persist after flowering. 55. C. ? PUEPURASCENS, after jc. Plant, insert 2109. P. 843. C. RossiANA. See ante p. 192. 1. O. ALBA. After Wall. mss. add Dipodium, Griff. Ic PL Asiat. t. 329 (not of Notul. iii. 406). P. 847. 11. Pholidota, for micrantha, read parvifloea. 1. Calanthe teicarinata. Add to citations Veitch Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 69; Franch, S^ Savat. Enum. PL Jap. ii. 26 ; and after habitat add, DiSTRiB. Japan. — I have not compared the Japanese with the Indian plant. P. 849. 5. C. DIPLOXIPHION. After Ic. Plant, insert t. 2111. P. 850. 10. C. Mannii, after BooJc.f. insert Ic. Plant, t. 2113. 11. C. Wrayi „ „ „ t. 2114. P. 851. 15. C. yeratrifolia. To the synonyms of this species add Veitch Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 88 and C. Petri, Eeichh. f. in Gard. Chron. 1880, 326. C. colorans, i?/. Z. e. 1885, 360 ; Williams Orchid. Alb. v. t. 218. C. australis, Kort. It is well figured at p. 69. P. 852. 16. C. VESTITA. Under Bot. Zeit. for xvi. 128 read 1853, 493. Veitch {Man. Orchid. Pt. vi. 70) enumerates several subvars. ; as gigantea, Williams Orchid. Alb. y. t. 211, (Syns. grandiflora, Hort. Belg. 1889, 121, and rubro- oculata, Paxt. ]\[ag. xvi. 129 ; Regel Oartenfl. 1873, 751) ; also Var. Hegnieri, 0. Regnieri, Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1883, 274, with its Subvars. Sanderii and Stevenii, Williams Orchid. Alb. iii. t. 134 ; also a Var. Turneri, with the elongated pseudobulbs of Regnieri and the flowers of rubro-oculata, 16/1. C. EUBENS, Ridlei/ in Gard. Chron. 1890, i. 576 ; pseudobulbs 6 by 1^ iu. conical silvery, scape 2 ft. woolly, sheaths about 6, raceme 14-fld. flowers pink smaller than in C. vestita, bracts 1 in., pedicel with ovary 2 in., sepals sub- similar dorsal f in. slender lanceolate mucronate, lateral longer-vnucronate, petals shorter more spathulate, lip rose-pink darker at the base adnate to the base of the column erect 4-lobed, side lobes oblong erect appressed to the column, midlobe deeply divided segments rounded with an interposed tooth, spar I in. filiform curved, column as in C. vestita. Langkawi Island, north of Penang, Curtis. — I have seen no specimen. P. 854. 27. C. ANGUSTIFOLIA. To Syn. C. phajoides add Ic. Plant, t. 1864. P. 855. After 31. C. gracilis, add— 31/1. C. L0NGIPE8, Hooli.f. ; Stems tall, scape axillary very long stout, raceme very short and flowers pubescent, lateral lobes of lip rounded crenate, midlobe flabelliform margins undulate and crenate, disk with a membranous lamella on each side from the base to that of the midlobe, spur 0. SiKKiM Himalaya, King. Stem as thick as the little finger. Leaves not seen. Scape 10-12 in., with 2-3 inflated sheaths ; raceme 8-10-fld. ; flowers ^ iu. diam. ; sepals 5-nerved and 3-nerved petals subequal, elliptic, acuminate ; lip as long as the sepals, adnate to the base of the column. — I have seen but one flowerin:^ specimen of this plant, which is leafless ; its habit is that of C. tubifera, but the flowers are very much smaller, the sepals broader. P. 856. 33. C. LABEOSA, for Hook. f. substitute Reichb. f. in Gard. Chron. 1883, 44. P. 858. 7. Aeundina Caittleti, after Ic. Plant, insert t. 2112. Vol. VI. P. 1. Under 1. E. TIREks, for .^robrium, read JGrobrion. P. 5. 14. E. DECiPiENS, in line 1, for Griff, read Kurz. P. 3. 8. E. EXPLANATA J at cnd of diagnosis insert Hook. Ic, Plant, t. 1882. 0 2 196 cxLViii. OKCHiDE-^. (J. D. Hooker.) [^Supplement, ^c. P. 6. After E. squalida, insert — 29/1. E. HOLoCHiLA, Coll. cf* HemsL in Joiirn. Linn. 8oc. xxviii. 132; raceme lax-fld., flowers lar<:;e, bracts about equiilling the ovary, scupe robust, sepals oblonj^ obtuse, petals obovate-oblong tips rounded, lip orbicular entire or very obscurely broadly 3-lobed, disk smooth. Hook.f. Ic. Plant. 2116 ined. BuEMA ; on the Shan Hills, alt. 4000 ft., ColTett. Leaves very young at flowering time. Scape 12 in., as thick as a swan's quill, with two oi)long ventricose obtuse sheaths below the middle ; raceme 6 in. ; bracts slender, membranous; pedicel with ovary f in.; flowers 1|— 2 in., broad ; sepals 7-nerved, lateral adnate to the sides of the spur ; petals 5-nerved, the outer pair branching outwards ; lip about as long as the sepals, nerves very many parallel, mentum spur- like.— Only one specimen seen by me. P. 8. 25. E. SANGUiNRA. Add Syn. C rufa, Thw. JEnum. 302, and to the habitats, Ceylon, at Hantani, alt. 3000 ft., Thwaites. Cyrtopeea rufa, Thicaites. 'i his plant was unknown to me till I was shown a living specimen that was sent by Dr. Trimen from Ceylon, and which flowered in the Royal Gardens, Kew. It is identical with 25, Eulophia sanguinea^ as figured in Bot. Mag. t. 6161. The colour of the flowers varies. Eulophia Sp., Trimen Cat. PL Cexfl. 89 (C.P. 3958). Dr. Trimen has kindly lent me the Herb. Peradeniya species of this ; it is "E. graminea, L. To the species of Uulopliia " unknown to me" add ? Hletia bicallosa, Don Frodr. 30 (Limodorum bicallosum, Ham. mss.), from Nepal, thus described by Don. — Scape li ft. erect terete scaly, raceme 6-8-Hd., flowers pule, lip 3-lobed subun- guiculate anfractuously articulate and saccate at the claw, lobes rounded, midlobe largest crisped glabrous, sepals and petals elliptic mucronulate, lateral sepals adnate to the unguiform process; poUinia 4, parallel, waxy.— Don adds that it is hardly a hletia, under which genus he includes an Arundina^ a Calanthe and a Eulophia. P. 32. After 2. Doritis Wightii insert— 3. D. Braceana, Hook.f. ; scape stout elongate, mentum spur-like acute, side lobes of lip ovate-lanceolate, midlobe spathulately obovate. SiKKiM Himalaya, Gamble. Roots very many, broad, flat. Stem very short. Leaves oblong, very dark green. Scape much longer than the leaves, as thick as a crow-quill or thicker, very dark green, speckled with brown ; raceme 6-10-fld. ; bracts minute, triangular ; peduncle with ovary §-1 in., decurved ; flowers 1 in. diam. ; sepals obovate-oblong, obtuse, and narrower petals fleshy yellow with pinkish midrib ; lip membranous, violet-purple, tips of the forked appendage straight. Column very large, fleshy ; pollinia 4 subglobose. — Described from a drawing and notes by Mr. Brace. Much nearer to D. tcenialis than to Wightiana, differing in the many-fld. long remarkable stout scape and much larger flowers with yellow sepals and petals and a longer spur- like mentum. P. 40. After 26. Saecochilus merguensis, insert — 26/1. S. (Fornicaria) pugionIFOLIA, Koolc.f. Ic. Plant, ined. ; stemless, peduncle about equalling the few elongate-subulate recurved deeply channelled leaves, bracts suberect, lip sessile on the foot of the column saccate truncately 3-lobe(i ciliate. Ceylon; at Vamniya, in the N. Central Province, Trimen. Leaves 2-3 by i in. at the thickest part, fleshy, more than semi-terete with a rounded back and very deep channel in front. Peduncle glabrous ; bracts ovate- oblong, obtuse. Flowers -^ in. diam., pale primrose ; lip with a few purplish mark- ings; sepals ovate-oblong obtuse, lateral gibbous on the lower margin ; petals oblong obtuse ; lip ciliate on the lobes and diek towards the broad 3-lobed apex, side lobes rounded, midlobe not longer orbicular ; a small caruncle at tlie base of the midlobe ; column short, white. — I have to thank Dr. Trimen for a specimen and a drawing. P. 40. On last line of description of Saecochilus filiform is, for S. Trimeniread S. viridiflorus. I had proposed the former name for the latter plant before dis- covering (whilst the description was passing through the press) that it was .brides viridifiorum, Thw. P. 44. To habitats of 3. M. cylindraceum, add Ceylon. Supplement, ^c] cxlviii. orchide.t^. (J. D. Hooker.) 197 P. 55. For 1. S. GEMiNATDM read gemmatum. P. 60. Under the citations for 20, S. calceolaee ; in line 2, for Bot. Reg. 1883, Misc. 130, read 1838, Misc. 75. P. 62. To syns. of 29. S. longifolium add brides rigidum, Smith in Rees. Cyclop. 30. S. WiGHTiANUM, under the syns. place Thwaites Unum. 303. after Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 2. P. 88. 3. G. JAVANiCA, add to habitats, Ceylon, on roots of coffee trees in the Central Province, Thwaites. P. 107. 1. Z. SULCATA, add to syns. Orchis strateumatica, Linn. Sp. PI. 903. P. 116. 5. H. ELONGATA, add to syns. Rhamphidia elongata, Thwaites Enum. 313 ; and to habitats, Ceylon, alt. 4000 ft., Thwaites. • P. 141. 30. Habenaria longecalcarata. Two species are confounded here, having been mixed up in Wight's descriptions, Icones and Herbarium ; they are — 30. H. longecalcarata, A. Rich. (Wight Ic. t. 925, Dalz. cf* Oibs. I.e.) with few (2-3) very large flowers, large cucullate sheathing bracts much shorter than the long-pedicelled ovary, Hp twice as long as the sepals. 30/1. H, DECIPIENS, Wight Ic. vol. v. pt. i. p. 14, with several (4-8) smaller flowers, very short pedicels, lanceolate bracts nearly as long as the ovary, lip rather longer than the sepals. H. montana, Wight (not of A. Rich.) Ic. t. 827, and 1714 the upper right and the left hand figures only.— This much resembles H. longicornu Lindl. {mo^itana, A. Rich.) but has a longer lip and much longer spur. Wight has given it both names in his Herbarium, and says there that it is intermediate between longicornu and longecalcarata. P. 147. 48. H. CHLORINA, insert Par. Sf before Heichb.f. P. 151. 63. H. CBASSiFOLiA, add to syns. P. canarensis, Lindl. Plant. Hohenack, Hxsicc. n. 142. P. 165. 106. H. DECIPIENS. This name being confirmed for Wight's plant (see above) must be replaced by H. Geiffithii. INDIAN ORCHIDE^ OF UNDETERMINED AFFINITY. In the above revision of the Indian Orchids 1 have doubtless overlooked some species that have been published in one or other of the multitude of works I have had to ransack, and iu others that have escaped my notice ; and for which I must beg indulgence. There are further some published ones, of which from the incomplete- ness of the descriptions in respect especially of the pollinia, I have been unable to determine the genera. The chief of these are Koeuig's Indian species, referred to Epidendrum (a genus now known to be peculiar to the New World,) and published in the 6th Part (p. 43 et seq.) of Retz's Observationes (in 1791). Of these few have been taken up by subsequent authors. They are for the most part Peninsular and probably all communicated by Heyne, who included a few Malaccan species from his correspondents. The descriptions are so full and good in all but the pollinia, &c., that local botanists may in time recognize many of thein. It is unfortunate that Koeuig should not have identified any of tbem with llheede's plates. Epidendrum bidentatum. Keen, in Retz. Obs. Pt. vi. 54 = Limodorum bidentatum, Willd. Sp. PL iv. 124. „ calceolaria „ „ „ 45 „ Calceolaria terrestre „ „ 63 Malacca. „ clavatum „ „ „ 50 = ? Saccolahitim clavatum, Lindl. Gen. &Sp. 223. „ complanatum „ „ „ 50 =: Sarcochilus complana- tus, Hook. f. ante p. 41. „ Flabellura Veneris „ „ 57 „ Flor seris v. Saaronicum „ „ 58 = Renanthera Arachnites, ex. Lindl. Gen. <^ Sp. 217. Flos seris ? ,, ,, „ 64 198 cxLViii. ORCHIDE^. (J. D. Hooker.) Epidendrum liexandrum, Keen, ia Re:z. Obs. Pfc. vi. 45 =- Appendicula Koenigii, H./. ante p. 84. „ liliiflorum „ „ „ 61 = Liraodorura liliiflorum, Willd. longiflorum „ lycopodioides „ nudum „ ophrydis „ orchideum „ 55 55 52 46 48 : Malacca, on Mangostia bark. „ plantaginifolium „ pusillum „ „ sessile „ „ spathulatum „ „ subulatum „ „ Supplex minima „ tomentosura „ „ variegatum „ Serapias Epidendrsea „ 60 49 60 43 51 47 „ 53 = „ 44 „ 65 = ? Ceratocliilus orcbideua, ex. Lindl. Gen. Sf Sp. Orchid: 232. Malacca, near Tsing, on top brancbes of loltiest trees. Sarcocbilus Wigbtii, H, f. ; ante p. 37. Bulbopbvlluua clande?- tium, L. antex. p. 753. Vanda spatbulataj Spr. ante p. 50. ? TErides cylindricum, L., ex. Lindl. Gen. ^ Sp. 240. Dendrobium atropur- pureum, Miq. ante v. p. 724. Eria tomentosa, Lindl. ante v. p. 803. Eulopbia virens, Bl. ante p. 1. Order OXLIX. SCXTABIIN&2E. (By J. G. Baker, F.E.S.) Herbs, often large, rarely witli a woody caudex. Leaves cauline or radical, usually membranous, closely pinnately nerved from a midrib. Flowers bracteate and often bracteolate, solitary or spicate, rarely panicu- late, irregular, hermaphrodite (except M'usa). CaZya? superior; sepals free and imbricate, or connate into an entire- toothed or spathaceous tube. Corolla-tube long or short, free or adnate to the petaloid staminciltes ; limb 3-partite, segments free or connate. Stamens either 5 s ubequal vv^th a 6th imperfect, or one perfect with the rest forming petaloid staminodes ; ^^TiSlTers linear, 2-celled, or of one cell on the margin of a petaloid connective. Ovary 3-, rarely 1- or 2-celled; style usually slender, with 2 very short stylodes crowning the ovary ; stigma entire or subentire ; ovules many, rarely few, axile, rarely parietal, anatropous. Fruit usually crowned with the remains of the perianth, loculicidally 3-valved, or fleshy or membranous and inde- hiscent. Seeds various, albumen flowery ; embryo small. — Genera about 40, species 4-500, chiefly tropical. The Traveller's tree, Barenala madagascariensis, Sonnerat (Urania speciosa, Wall. Cat. 5765), is frequently planted, especially near Singapore. It has much the leaves of a Musa- but they are distichous. Tribe I. Zingriberese. Calyx tubular or spathaceous. Stamen 1 ; anther 2-celled ; lateral staminodes filiform or petaloid, or small, or 0. Style slender, embraced below the stigma by the anther. Embryo central, straight. cxLix. sciTi\MiNEj:. (J. G. Baker.) 199 * Ovary 1-celled; placentas 3, parietal. 1. Mantisia. Scape leafless; coroUa-tnbe long; lateral staminodes filiform or spathulate, in the middle of the elongate filament, opposite, spreading. 2. Globba. Stem leafy; corolla-tube long ; lateral staminodes petal- like ; filament slender. 3. Hemiorchis. Oorolla-tube short; lateral staminodes petal-like; filament short. ** Ovary 3-celled ; placentas axile. t Lateral staniinodes broad. § Connective spurred at the base. 4. EoscoEA. Flowering stem leafy ; bracts 1-fld. ; filament long; capsule Bubdehiscent. — Flowers purple or white. 5. Cautleya. Flowering stem leafy; bracts 1-fld.; filament long; capsule dehiscent with recurved valves. — Flowers yellow. 6. Curcuma. Flowering stem leafy or not ; bracts cucuUate, several-fld., forming a cone-like spike ; filament petaloid ; capsule subdehiscent. §§ Connective very broad or crested, not spurred. 7. Gastrochilus. Flowering stem short or erect ; filament short ; connective broad not crested. 8. Kjempferia. Flowering stem leafy or not ; filament very short ; connective crested. 9. HiTCHENiA. Flowering stem leafy; filament long, complicate; connective broad not crested. — Inflor. as in Curcuma. §§§ Connective very narrow, neither spurred nor crested. 19. Hedychium. Flowering stem leafy ; filament long, slender. ft Lateral staminodes small or 0, rarely narrow and adaate to the lip. § Flowers in a dense-Jld. cone-like spike. 11. Amomum. Flowering scapes usually leafless; filament short; anther-cells diverging above ; connective dilated crested or 2-lobed, rarely simple. 12. Zingiber. Spikes terminating leafy stems or leafless scapes; filament short, anther-cells parallel, connective usually produced into a long appendage. 13. CosTUS. Spikes terminating leafy stems or leafless scapes; filament petaloid, anther adnatc to its middle, cells parallel. § § F' Givers in lax-Jid. sprites or panicles. 14. Cypijostigma. Scape leafless, panicle loosely flowering from the base upwards ; filament short, counective with a o-lobed crest. 15. Elettaria. Scape leafless, panicle loosely flowering from the base upwards; filament very short; anther-cells parallel, connective hot dilated. 16. Elettariopsis. Scape leafless; spike simple; bracts small; fila- ment short, anther petaloid. 17. Scaphochlamys. Scape leafless ; spike simple ; bracts large, per- sistent ; filament short, connective petaloid. 200 CXLix. soiTAMiNEiE. (J. G. Baker.) 18. Ali'INIA. Spike or panicle terminating a tall leafy stem ; filament long, connective shorter than the anther or longer and dilated. 19. Rhtncanthus. Spike terminating a leafy stem ; filament long, connective not dilated. Tribe II. Blaranteee. Calyx of free sepals, rarely loosely cohering. Stamen 1 ; anther 1-celled, laterally adnate to a lobe of the perianth ; staminodes petaloid, connate into a 6-6-lobed inner perianth, of which 1 or 2 lobes are lateral, 1 (the lip) anticons ; of the 2 or 3 dorsal one or two are hooded and another bears the anther. Ovary 1-3-celIed, cells 1-ovuled; style excentric incurved or involute. Emhryo curved. 20. Olinogynb. Stem leafy with terminal panicled scattered flowers ; panicle with convolute deciduous sheaths at the forks; bracts deciduous. 21. Phrymium. Stem with one broad leaf, and a lateral head or spike of flowers, or spike radical ; bracts and bracteoles persistent. Tribe III. Canneee. Sepals free. Stamen 1 ; anther 1-celled, adnate to lateral petaloid filament ; staminodes 4. Ovary 3-celled, cells many-ovuled; style flattened ; stigma terminal. Embryo straight. 22. Canna. Tribe IV. X^usese. Sepals free or connate in a split spathe. Stamens 5, free ; anthers linear, 2-celled; staminode 1 or 0. Style central; stigma 2-3-fid. Embryo short. 23. MusA. Stem subarboreous, stout, simple; flowers in a stout terminal spike ; calyx tube short. 24. LowiA. Stem slender, dichotomously branched ; flowers clustered at the base of a petiole ; calyx tube very long. 1. BXANTZSZA, Sims. Rhizome short, creeping; leafy stem short. Scape short, sheathed below. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, caudate. Panicle laxly-fld. ; bracts at the forks membranous, coloured. Calyx short, campanulate, obtusely 3- lobed. CoroZ/a-tube slender, lobes subequal, ovate ; dorsal erect, concave. Lateral staminodes at or below the middle of the ex3erted incurved fila- ment, slender, spathulate ; lip deflexed, 2-fid ; filament long, curved ; anther- cells linear-oblong, broadly winged. Ovary 1-celled ; ovules 3, parietal ; style filiform, placed in a groove of the filament ; stigma turbinate. C'jpsule globose, dehiscing at the apex. Seeds many, minute, oblong. — Species the following. 1. BI. saltatoria^ Sims in Bot. Mag. t. 1320, staminodes linear- subulate. Horan. Prodr. 19. Globba saltatoria, Rose. Scitam. t. 112. G. purpurea, Andr. Bot. Rep. t. 616. G. radicalis, Boxb. in'Asiat. Res. xi. 359; Corom. PI. t. 230. G. subulata, Boxb. Hort. Beng. 2 ; Fl. Ind. i. 81. Chittagong, Roxburgh, Lister. Mootstock pereim al. Stems annual, 1-2 ft. Leaves 4-6 in. ; sheath 1-2 in. ; bract- leaves sheathing, oblong. Panicle hix, 3-6 in ; branches simple, usually short and ascending; flowers tew, crowded towards the tips of the branches; bracts ovatt',.lilac, A-^in., lower Howerless. Ca/^^cainpanulate, lilac, iiu.; lobes suborbicular. Corolla' tul)e twice as long as the calvx ; segments ovate, lilac, |- in., centi-al rather lai-ger and clasping the lilauiint. Staminudes ^ in ; lip n allow, cuneate, deeply lobed ; wings of anther suborbicular. Capsule purple, the size of a small cherry. Maniisla.'] cxi.ix. scitamine^. (J. G. Baker.) 201 2. ZM[. spathulata, Schult. Mant. i. 49 ; staminodes with a narrow claw and flattened petaloid blade. Koran. Frodr. 19. Globba spathulata. Eoxb. Hort. Beng. 2 ; Fl. Ind. i. 83. SiLHET, Roxhurgh; Chittagong, Lister. Habit and foliage of M. saltatoria, but panicle larger, branches more numerous, bracts oblong, uppermost about as long as tbe calyx, corolla-segments narrower, lip less deeply bifid, staminodes much shorter, and placed- lower down on the Elament. 2. GXiOBBA, Linn. Rhizome short, creeping ; stem erect. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate. Floioers in terminal panicles, rarely spikes ; bracts usnally deciduons, buds often replaced by bulbils. Calyx funnel-shaped, 3-lobed. C'orowa-tube longer than the calyx ; lobes ovate, subequal. Lateral staminodes petaloid, contiguous to the corolla-segments; lip deflexed ; filament with 2 dorsal appendages, long, incurved ; anther oblong, connective simple, winged or spurred, produced beyond the cells. Ovary 1-celled ; placentas 3, parietal; style filiform, placed in a groove of the filament ; stigma turbinate. Ca'p- sule globose, finally dehiscent. Seeds small, ovoid; aril small, white, lacerate. — Species about 26, Indian, Chinese, and Malayan. Sect. I. Aplanthera, Soran. Anther neither winged nor spurred. * Leaves glabrous beneath {or slightly pubescent in G. racemosa). 1. G-. racemosa, Smith Exot. Bot. ii. 115 t. 117; leaves slightly hairy or quite glabrous beneath, panicle long narrow, lower branches 2-3-fld. at the tip, bulbils 0, bracts small deoiduous, corolla-segments and staminodes ovate equal in length, lip longer shortly bifid, capsule smooth. G. orixensis, Wall.Gat.6bd6B,G,B..,notofBoxb. Central and Eastern Himalaya, ascending to 6000-7000 feet in Kuraaon. Leafy stems 1^-2 ft. Leaves 6-9 in., oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subcaudate, sometimes slightly hairy beneath on the ribs towards the bnse. Panicle ^-1 ft. ; rachis glabrous ; branch-bracts and flower-bracts caducous. Calyx ^ in., yellowish, shortly lobed. CoroZZa bright yellow; tube 2-3 times the length of the calyx; seg- ments I in., reflexed ; filament 2-3 times the length of the segments. Capsule ^ in. — The name racemosa is a misleading one. 2. G-. orixensis, Boxb. in Asiat. Bes. xi. 358 ; Sort. Beng. 2 ; Corom. Fl. t. 229 ; Fl. Lnd. i. 78 ; leaves glabrous beneath, panicle long narrow, lower branches 2-3-fld. at the tip, bulbils 0, bracts small deciduous, corolla- segments staminodes and lip equal in length, capsule warted. Iloran. Frodr. 19. SiKKiM Himalaya, at a low level, Hook. f. et Thorns. {Herb. Ind. Or. JS'o. 15). Northern Circars, Roxburgh. Nearly allied to G. racemosa, but flowers smaller, deep orange, with a shorter corolla- tube ; lip spotted with red-brown at the throat; capsules smaller. 3. G-. Clarkei, Baker; leaves glabrous beneath, panicle long narrow, lower branches 2-3-fld. at the tip, bulbils many, bracts small deciduous, corolla-segments and staminodes ovate equal in length, lip longer shortly 2-lobed, capsule smooth. SiKKiM Himalaya : alt. 3000-7500 ft, ( Herb. Ind. Or. H.f. ^ T., No. 9) ; Khasia Hills, J. D. R. alt. 3000-5700 ft. ; Munnipore, Watt. NeaiK allit'd to G. racemom, l)ut racemes loiigcr and laxer, with most of the tipper flowers chantred into bulbils, calyx less corolline, usually brownish, corolla yellow, tinged with brown. 202 cxLix. sciTAMiNEJ). (J. G. Baker.) [Glohha. 4 Cr. WallicMi, Baker \ leaves small glabrous beneath, panicle very long lax-fld., branches 1-2-fld., bracts small deciduous, bulbils few or 0, corolla-segments ovate, staminodes lanceolate rather longer, lip small placed a little above the segments, capsule small smooth. G. pendula, Wall. Cat. 6533, not of Boxb. Pbnang, Wallich, Curtis. Much weaker in habit than other species of the section. Leaves 3-4 in., caudate, pale beneath. Panicle sometimes 1 ft, ; rachis and slender patent branches glabrous. Calyx green, -J^ in* Corolla pale yellow; tube 2-3 times the length of the calyx; segments reflexed, i in., upper concave ; filament yellow, | in., bearing the small lip a short distance above its base. Capsule i in. diam. ** Leaves more or less pubescent beneath. 5. G-. Kookerif Clarke mss. ; leaves very hairy on the midrib beneath, panicle long narrow, lower branches 2-3-fld. at the tip, bulbils sometimes present, bracts small deciduous, corolla-segments and staminodes ovate and equal in length, lip longer shortly bifid, capsule smooth. Nepal, Wallich; Sikkim Himalaya, alt. 3000-5000 ft., /. D.H. (Herb. Ind. Or. No. 10). Naga Hills, alt. 4500 ft., Clarke. Doubtfully distinct Irom G. racemosa, but more robust and floriferous, with broader leaves. Mowers bright yellow j lip not spotted. 6. G-. ophiogrlossa, Wight Ic. t. 2002; leaves finely pubescent beneath, panicle narrow, lower branches 4-6-fld., bracts small deciduous, lower nodes with a lew bulbils, corolla-segments ovate, staminodes longer lanceolate, lip longer deeply bifid, capsule smooth. Horan. Frodr. 19. G. orixensis. Wall. Gat. 6535 A, 0, D, I, not of Boxb. Alpinia ? Missionis, Wall. Cat. 6680. Travancore Heyne; Anamallay hills, &c., Wight^ Jerdon. CoCHiN, Qamhle. Behar, on Parasnath, alt. 2500 ft., Vicafy, Clarke. Leaf conspicuously caudate, . 6-9 in. Fanicle 4-6 in., rachis and branchlets glabrous; flower's not crowded at their tips; bulbils ovoid, deflexed. Calyx ^ m., broadly funnel-shaped, pule green ; teeth broad, ovate. Corolla pale yellow ; tube 3 times the length of the calyx; segments ^ in., ovate; lip twice the length of the segments, lobes longer and narrower than in others of the section. Capsule \ in., globose. 7. G. multiflora. Wall. Cat. 6537 A; leaves pubescent beneath, panicle long narrow, lower branches 4r-6-fld., bracts small deciduous, lower nodes with bulbils, segments of corolla and staminodes ovate and equal in length, lip not longer shortly bifid, capsule smooth. G. velutina, Wall, in Voigt Sort. Sub. Calc. 573 {name only). SiKKiM Himalaya, Assam, Silhet, the Khasia Hills, and Munnipore. Leaves conspicuously caudate, ^-1 ft. Fanicle ^-1 ft, rachis and branchlets very hairy; branchlets more crowded than in the foregoing species, and flowers not crowded at their tips. Calyx | in. Corolla-tuhe 3 times the length of the calyx; segments and lip ^ in, ; filament ^ in. ; anther ^ in., sometimes obscurely margined. 8. Gr. substriffosa, Xing mss. ; leaves very pubescent on both surfaces, panicle lax cernuous, branches few-fid., bulbils 0, bracts large foliaceous persistent, corolla-segments ovate, capsule pubescent. Tenasserim, Gallatly. Whole plant not more than 6-8 in. Leaves few, oblong-caudate, the largest 3-4 in. Fardcle l|-2 in. ; branches few, short, lower spreading or reflexed ; bracts oblanceolate-oblong, pubescent. Calyx-ixx^Q i in. Corolla yellow, gland-dotted. Capsule blackish, the size of a pea. 9. G-. Andersonl; Clarke ^ mss. ; leaves slightly pubescent beneath, Globba.] cxLix. scitamine^. (J. G. Baker.) 203 panicle lax, flowers crowded at the tips oE the branches surrounded by a whorl of large bracts, corolla-segments and staminodes equal in length, lip longer deeply bifid, capsule warted. SiKKiM Himalaya, alt. 1500-2500 ft. (Ek.fil. ^ Thorns. Herh. Ind. Or. 12), Clarke, Gamble, King. Habit and leaves of O. racemosa. Leaves sometimes 1 ft., caudate. Panicle 3-4 in., erect or spreading, rachis very hairy, branchlets short, spreading; bracts^ in., dark, ovate, membranous. Calyx green, tubular. Corolla bright yellow; tube 2-3 times the length of the calyx ; segments i in. ; filament nearly 1 in. 10. G-. arracanensls, Kurz in Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xxxix. pt. ii. 83 ; leaves slightly pubescent beneath, panicle short, flowers crowded at the tips of the short branches surrounded by a whorl of large bracts, corolla-segments ovate lilac, lip deeply bifid, capsule smooth. Arracan ; forests of the low sandstone hills, Kurz. Habit of G. racemosa. Leaves 6-9 in., caudate. Panicle 3-4 in., subsessile, rather spreading, bracts ^ in., much imbricate, broadly ovate, obtuse, membranous, lilac. Calgs} ^ m. CoroUa-tube short, whitish; lip yellow or tinged with, lilac, segments obovate-oblong ; filament long, lilac. Sect. II. Careyella, Horan. Anther with a narrow entire border. 11. G*. sessiliflora, 8ims in Bot. Mag. t. 1428; raceme narrow or subspicate, bulbils many on lower nodes, corolla-segments ovate, staminodes longer lanceolate, lip long deeply bifid. Koran. Prodr. 19. G. Careyana, Boxb. Sort. Beng. 2; Fl. Ind. i. 80; Rose. Scit. t. 110; Lodd. Bot. Gat. t. 691 ; Wall Cat. 6534 ; Horan. Prodr. 19. G. orixensis, Wall. Cat. 6535 F. Scitaminea Finlaysoniana, Wall. Cat. 6623. Peqf, Carey, &c. Leafy stem l-\\ ft. Leaves 6 in., oblong, acuminate, pale and finely pubescent beneath. Raceme short, erect or drooping ; upper half bearing flowers on the rachis or on short branches ; lower half with crowded bulbils sessile in the axils of small ovate scariose spreading or ascending bracts. Calyx \--\ in., narrowly funnel-shaped. Corolla yellow; tube 2-3 times the length of the calyx; segments ^ in.; filament yellow, ^-f in. ; anther cuspidate, margin very narrow. Capsule globose, warted, the size of a large pea. 12. G-. floribunda, Baker; panicle long lax, branches many-fld., bulbils 0, staminodes scarcely longer tJian corolla-segments, lip long not bifid. Malay Peninsula; Johore, King. Habit of G. multijlora, 2 ft. high. Leaves oblong, caudate, nearly 1 ft., pubescent. Panicle erect, 6-8 in. ; rachis very hairy ; branches 1-1^ in., many, ascending, 6-8-fld. ; bracts small, deciduous. Calyx -^^ in. Corolla pale yellow ; segments oblong, ^ in.; anther narrowly margined ut the sides and base; lip inserted above the base of the filament. Ovary glabrous. 13. G. ulig'inosa, Miquel Fl. Ind. Bat. Suppl. 613 ? panicle long very lax narrow, lower branches 1-2-fld., upper flowers sometimes replaced by bulbils, corolla-segments and staminodes ovate and equal in length, lip small. G. elongata, Xing mss. Penang, King. Malacca, Cuming^ Griffith {Kew Disirih. 5652), &c.— Disteib. Malay isles. Stem very weak. Leaves small, membranous. Panicle sometimes 6-9 in. ; bracts small, deciduous. Calyx funnel-shaped, ^V ^"' Corolla yellow; tube i in.; segments ^-a in. ; filament § in.; lip placed a little above its base; anther obscurely margined. Capsule smooth.- — I doubt whether Bentham's Sect. Careyella should be 204 cxLix. sciTAMiNE^. (J. G. Baker.) [Glohha, separated from Aplanthera. Neither Miquel's description, nor liis type specimen, indicate the structure of the anther in the Malay G. uliginosa. Sect. III. Ceratanthera, l/es^tZ». (gen.) Anther with a membranous spur from the base or side of each cell. 14. G-. XLingril, Baker ; panicle narrow subspicate, bracts small deci- duous, bulbils 0, corolla-segments oblong, staminodes linear-oblong, lip small inserted above the base of the filament. Singapore, King. Leafy stem a foot long. Leares oblong-caudate, subglabrous, 3-4 in. lou^. Peduncle erect, longer than the panicle j panicle very lax, erect, 4-5 in. long ; branches very short, 1-2-fld. Cali/x i in. long. CoroZia-segments orange-yellow, i in. long. Spurs as long as the anther-cells. Otari/ glabrous. 15. G-. stenothyrsa^ Baker; panicle erect subspicate, lower nodes bearing bulbils, bracts deciduous, corolla-segments oblong, staminodes linear-oblong, lip small emarginate inserted above the base of the filament. Tenasserim; Moulmein, PamA. Stem 1 ft. or more. Leaves 6-8 in., oblong, caudate. JPanicle peduncled, 8-9 in., lower half with small sessile bulbils in the axils of small bracts ; flowering branches short, ascending, 1-2-fld. Calt/x funnel-shaped, -J^ in. Corolla bright yellow, tube i in., segments ^ in. ; staminodes scarcely longer j filament nearly 1 in. ; spurs membrauous, as long as the anther-cells. Var. ? Cumingii ; bulbils 0, anther spur shorter. Malacca, Cuming (No. 2370.) 16. G-. pallidiflora, Baker; panicle lax erect, branches few-fld., bulbils 0, bracts small deciduous, staminodes longer than the whitish corolla-segments, lip inserted above the base of the filament. Malay Peninsula; Johore, King, 716, 717. Stem \\ ft. Leaves 8-9 in., oblong, caudate, pubescent beneath. Panicle 2-3 in. j peduncle short ; branches less than 1 in., ascending or spreading, 2-3-fld. towards the tip. Calyx J^ ^^' Ooro Wa-segments suborbicular, -^^ in., tube \ in. ; filament 1 in. ; lip with a spreading base ; anther spurs subulate. Ovary glabrous. 17. G-. bracteolataj Wall, ex Voigt JSort. Sub. Calc. 573 (name only) panicle short dense drooping, bracts oblong or obovate yellow subpersistent, bulbils 0, corolla-segments oblong, staminodes longer linear-oblong, lip small emarginate. G-. expansa. Wall. Cat. 6536 D. Tavot, Wallich; Tenasserim, Griffith, Heifer; Upper Burma, up to 4000 ft., King. Stem i-1 ft. Leaves oblong, acuminate, 3-4 in., tinged with purple beneath ; sheaths broader than in the other species. JPanicle oblong, 3-4 in. ; lower branches spreading, about 1 in., 3-4-fld. ; branch-bracts obovate; flower-bracts oblong, ^-^ in. Calyx funnel-shaped, -j^ in. Corolla bright yellow; tube ^ in.; segments reflexed, ^ in. ; lip with a red spot at the throat ; filament yellow, ^-f in. ; anther-spurs large curved. Ocary smooth. 18. Cr- subscaposaj Coll. et Semsl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxviii. 135 ; panicle sparse erect, bracts small deciduous, bulbils 0, corolla segments obloug, staminodes longer lanceolate, lip long deeply bifid inserted at the base of the filament. Upper Burma; Shan hills, 4000-5000 ft., Collett. Stem including panicle not above 1 ft. Produced leaves few and small. Raceme short, lax ; lower branches 1 in., spreading, 3-4-fld. Calyx funnel-shaped, -^ in. Glolha.'] cxLix. sciTAiftiNE.B. (J. G. Baker.) 205 Corolla ofreenisb-yellow ; seorinents i in. ; lip pale yellow, \ in. ; filament above \ in. ; anther-spurs from* the sides' of the cells. 19. G-. pendula, Roxh. in Asiat Bes. xi. 359 ; Fl. Incl. i. 79 ; Coromand. PL t. 228; panicle lax drooping, bracts deciduous, bulbils rarely produced, corolla-segments oblong', staniinodes rather longer, lip small attached above the base of the filament. Soran. Prodr. 20. G. multifiora, Wall. 6W. 6537B, Tavoy, Tenasseeim and Penang, Hoxburgh, &c. Stem 1-2 ft. Leaves 5-6 in., oljlong, acumiuute. Racemes sometimes 1 ft. ; lower branches spreading-, 2-3-fld. ; bracts greenish, lanceolate or ovate, not longer than the buds. Calyx funnel-shaped, -^-^ in. Corolla greenish-yellow ; tube 3 times the length of the calyx ; segments ^ in. Staminodes linear-oblong ; lip not longer than the corolla-se^jments ; anther oblong, spurs linear-subulate, longer than the cells. Ovary globose, smooth. — I doubt the specific distinctness of the Juvan 0. maculata, Blume, Enum. i. 63. Sect. IV. Marantella^ Horan. Anther winged on each side by a bifid quadrate membranous process. 20. G-" cernua^ .JBaJcer ; panicle very lax few-fld. cernuous, bracts minute deciduous, bulbils 0, staminodes longer than the corolla-seg- ments, lip placed a little above the base o£ the filament, anther-wings spreading. Malay Peninsula ; Goping, King's Collector, 757. Stem 9-12 in. Leaves oblong, caudate, 2-3 in. long, finely pubescent beneath. Panicle 1-1^ in. ; branches ascending, 1-2-fld. Calyx '-j\j in. Corolla pale yellow ; segments oblong, i in. ; lip with two spreading lobes at the base. Ovary glabrous. 21. Cr. pauclflora^ King mss. ; panicle very lax few-fld., bracts minute deciduous, bulbils 0, corolla-segments oblong, staminodes not longer than the corolla-segments, lip placed a little above the segments, anther-wings spreading. Andaman Islands, King's Collector, 376. Whole plant ^-1 ft. Leaves oblong, caudate, 2-3 in., minutely pubescent beneath. Panicle short, erect ; lower branches 1 in., ascending, 1-2-fld. Calyx glabrous, i in. Corolla pale yellow ; segments ^- in. Capsule glabrous. 22. Cr. versicolor, Smith Exot. Bot. t. 117 A, B, 0 ; panicle broad very lax, bracts small deciduous, corolla-segments oblong, staminodes longer lanceolate, lip small placed a little above the segments, anther- wings deflexed. Koran. Prodr. 20. G. Hura, Moxh. in Asiat. Res. xi. 359 ; Fl. Ind. i. 79. G. expansa, Wall. Cat. 6536. Hura siamensium, Koenig in jRetz. Ohs. iii. 49. Malay Peninsula, P.oxhnrgh. From Pegu to Sinoapoee, Eoxhurgh, and Penang. South Andamans, Kurz. Stem 1-1^ ft. Leaves 4-8 in., oblong, caudate. Panicle 3-6 in. ; rachis and branches very slender, lower 2-3 in., flowering only in the upper half. Calyx green, l in. Corolla yellow or tinged with lilac; tube ^ in. ; segments half as long as the tube ; filament yellow, ^-f in. ; anther-wings 1, deeply bifid, yellow, quadrate, deflexed. Capsule smooth, \ in. 23. €!•■ hrachycarpa, BaJcer\ panicle lax, bracts small leafy per- sistent, lower with solitary bulbils in their axils, staminodes -longer than the oblong corolla-segments, lip placed at the base of the filament, anther- wings spreading. 206 cxLix. sciTAMiNEiE. (J. G. Baker.) [Glohha, Peeak, alt. 2-3000 ft., King's Collector, 2414. {Stem 1 ft. Leaves about 5, oblong-caudate, 4-5 in., finely pubescent beneath. Panicle \ it. ; main bracts 5—5 in.; lower 4-5 bulbilliferous; branches spreading, 5-6-fld. Calyx i in. Corolla segments pale yellow ; staniinodes i in. Ovary rugose. — Very near Q, Schomburgkii, Hook. f. in Bot. Mag. t. 6298, of Siam. ■ 24. e. bulblfera? Boxb. in Asiat. Res. xi. 358 ; Fl. Ind. i. 78 ; spike lax, bracts ovate ascending persistent, lower nodes bearing bulbils, corolla- segments ovate, staminodes rather longer oblong, lip small deeply bifid, anther-wings spreading. Thw. Enum. 315. G. marantina, Wall. Gat. 6532; Balz. Sf Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 272; Blume Enum. i. 62. G. bracteata, Serb. Seyne. G. bracteosa, Horan. Prodr. 20. G. marantinoides, Wight Ic. sub t. 2001. G. strobilifera, Zoll.