€ 89016800 IOZi € iil eee A OL ee eR ES Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2008 with funding from Microsoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/floraofnewmexico00wootuoft FLORA OF NEW MEXICO ADVERTISEMENT. The United States National Herbarium, which was founded by the Smithsonian Institution, was transferred in the year 1868 to the Department of Agriculture, and continued to be maintained by that Department until July 1, 1896, when it was returned to the official custody of the Smithsonian Institution. The Department of Agri- culture, however, continued to publish the series of botanical reports entitled ‘‘Contributions from the United States National Herbarium,” which it had begun in the year 1890, until, on July 1, 1902, the National Museum, in pursuance of an act of Congress, assumed re- sponsibility for the publication. The first seven volumes of the series were published by the Department of Agriculture. Ricoarp RaTHBUN, Assistant Secretary, Smithsonian Institution, in charge of the United States National Museum. 9 -~ SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL HERBARIUM VOLUME 19 FLORA OF NEW MEXICO By E. O. WOOTON and PAUL C. STANDLEY WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1915 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. IssuED JUNE 24, 1915. PREFACE. The present volume of the Contributions is devoted to a flora of New Mexico, by Mr. E. O. Wooton, of the United States Department of Agriculture, and Mr. Paul C. Standley, assistant curator, United States National Herbarium. Mr. Wooton was connected with the New Mexico College of Agriculture for twenty years, during which time he made extensive botanical collections in nearly all the counties of the State. Mr. Standley spent three years in botanical work at the same institution and has since revisited the State for the purpose of further studying its flora. This volume, therefore, is based very largely upon the collections made by the two authors, although all other available collections from New Mexico have been studied. Only the flowering plants and vascular cryptogams of New Mexico _are contained in the present work. Keys are given for the determina- tion of the species as well as of the larger groups, so that the volume may be used as a field manual. At the same time the citations will enable those who have access to libraries to consult readily the original descriptions of the species. The number of species treated is approximately 3,000. Notwith- standing the large amount of field work already accomplished, many remote districts in New Mexico are still imperfectly known botanically, so that eventually this number will doubtless be increased by several hundred species. The treatise in its present form, however, will be found to contain most of the plants growing spontaneously in those parts of the State thus far settled or frequently visited. This is the fourth volume of the Contributions to be devoted to a State flora, the others being the Botany of Western Texas (volume 2), the Plant Life of Alabama (volume 6), and the Flora of Washington (volume 11). FREDERICK V. CovILLE, Curator of the United States National Herbarium. 5 CONTENTS. Page inteoduendon 7.22 5550 - oe Let Pe SEE 2 i Pytieha tae hey ie ce es Se 9 Syaicmaitc doutment ofthe yascular plants .......2/-2.222..---2.-2 222-2264 12 Synopsis of the larger groups, with keys..........-.------ MSS ee tS ASL Se 12 PERE OI CCN MOU Sel Se Sloe oe, Sai atmo! daia-o iS =e aye Sie ale Sais a c.00 ee Soke nsec 18 Summary of larger groups, with numbers of genera and species ..........- 754 “RDS ATE VT AG 3 ER ied i Oe ea Oe a ee 755 List of new genera, species, and hybrids, and new names............-..----- 772 DOL ET: QUE lS SS ee ee eee er ee 775 FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. By E. O. Wooton and Pau C. STANDLEY. INTRODUCTION. This flora of New Mexico is a list of all the species of phanerogams and vascular cryptogams at present known to occur within the State, with keys to the families, genera, and species. Although we have examined all the herbarium material easily accessible and have endeavored to verify all published data, we know that the list is far from complete. Even in the most carefully explored areas of the eastern United States, species which have been overlooked are still coming to light and more careful study of more copious material is increasing the number of recognized species. Much more are addi- tional species to be looked for within the 122,000 square miles embraced in the area of New Mexico, many large portions of which have never been visited by any botanist, while even the most familiar regions have not been thoroughly examined. ‘Thus it is certain that as collectors extend their fields of exploration our present list of 2,975 species will be increased to far above 3,000. It is along the borders of the State that the greater number of additions will be found, espe- cially in the southeastern and southwestern corners and in the high mountains along the Colorado line, but isolated mountain ranges in the interior probably hide endemic species still unknown. Various short accounts of New Mexico and Arizona plants were published by the earlier botanists of the United States. These, however, are too incomplete and disconnected to be of much use for identification purposes. Two or three more general works are avail- able for use in New Mexico, but none is complete for any part of the State. The Botany of Western Texas, by Dr. J. M. Coulter,? contains descriptions of a majority of the plants of southeastern New Mexico, but the volume is not provided with keys to the species and the nomen- 1 See, Paul C. Standley. A bibliography of New Mexican botany. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 13: 229-246. 1910. ? Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2. 1891-94. 10 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, clature is now antiquated. Dr. P. A. Rydberg’s Flora of Colorado! is very satisfactory for use in the extreme northern part of the State. Even here, however, many plants will be found which have not been reported from Colorado and hence are not contained in that work, many of our Southwestern species seeming to reach the northern limit of their range just below the Colorado line. The new edition of Coulter’s Rocky Mountain Flora, as revised by Prof. Aven Nelson, can be used in a limited way in northern New Mexico, but it will be found to describe only a fraction of our plants. The material upon which this flora is based is chiefly that in the United States National Herbarium, in the herbarium of the New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts at Mesilla Park, and in the private herbarium of E. O. Wooton, lately acquired by the National Herbarium. In the National Herbarium are found sets of nearly all the larger New Mexican collections, both early and recent, such as those of Fendler, Bigelow, Wright, the first Mexican Boundary Survey, Heller, Wooton, Earle, Metcalfe, and Standley. These include duplicate types of most species that have been described from the State. Of particular value are the large collections made by Dr. E. A. Mearns in connection with the Mexican Boundary Survey of 1892 and 1893, and by members of the Biological Survey of the United States Department of Agriculture in connection with their studies of the fauna of New Mexico. There are also several smaller collections in the same herbarium of which no duplicates exist. The herbarium of the Agricultural College contains probably the largest assemblage of New Mexican plants that has hitherto been gathered. Here are found not only sets of the more recent generally distributed collections, but several thousand plants collected by the present writers of which few duplicates were obtained. Local col- lectors in different parts of the State have forwarded collections from time to time, some of which are of great interest. The Wooton herbarium contains duplicates of many of Mr. Wooton’s collections deposited in the herbarium of the Agricultural College, besides many specimens not to be found elsewhere. It also includes sets of the plants collected by Dr. C. L. Herrick and Miss A. I. Mulford. The New Mexican ranges given for the listed species are based upon the specimens in these herbaria. We have also examined New Mexi- can material of certain groups in the herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden, besides collections lent by Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell, now of Boulder, Colorado, and Miss Charlotte C. Ellis, formerly of Placitas, New Mexico. The work of preparing the manuscript of the flora was carried on chiefly at the National Herbarium during the years 1910, 1911, and * Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100. 1906. WOOTON AND STANDLEY FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. VI 1912, although some preliminary work had been done previously at the New Mexico Agricultural College. Descriptions of most of the new species discovered in the course of the work have been published in arecent part of the Contributions from the United States National Herbarium.’ Accounts of the Cactaceae and of the grasses and grass- like plants have appeared as bulletins of the New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station.? It is our intention to publish in the near future, in the Contributions from the United States National Herbarium, an account of the phyto- geography of the State. This will include a discussion of the life zones and of the factors which influence them. There will also be a history of botanical exploration in New Mexico, and a discussion of other matters of botanical interest. Under each species in the present volume we have cited the place of publication, to facilitate reference to the original description. No attempt has been made to give complete synonymy, the intention being rather to enter only names having some more or less direct bear- ing upon New Mexican botany. In citing data regarding habitat and zonal distribution, only conditions inside the State have been con- sidered. In other States some of the plants often occur in habitats different from those we have indicated, although in all probability zonal distribution is practically constant for the same plant in what- ever region it may grow.* The generic diagnoses have been drawn with only the New Mexican species in mind. In the preparation of the flora we have received the assistance of many persons, of whose aid we wish to express our appreciation. We are especially indebted to the following for help in various ways: Dr. E. L. Greene, Dr. N. L. Britton, Dr. P. A. Rydberg, Dr. B. L. Robinson, Prof. M. L. Fernald, Dr. J. H. Barnhart, Dr. Ezra Brainerd, Mr. George V. Nash, Dr. J. K. Small, Mr. K. K. Mackenzie, Prof. T. D.A.Cockerell, Mr. Vernon Bailey, Mr. EK. A. Goldman, and Mr. C. R. - Ball, as well as several of our botanical associates in Washington. Many residents of New Mexico have assisted by collecting specimens and furnishing data concerning the distribution and uses of plants. Our sincerest thanks are extended to numerous citizens of the State who have always afforded all the assistance in their power to collecting expeditions, which would have been impossible or unfruitful without their labors so freely expended in our behalf. 1 Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 16: 109-196. 1913. 2 Cacti in New Mexico. By E.O. Wooton. Bull. '78.1911. The grasses and grass- like plants of New Mexico. By E. O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. Bull. 81. 1912. 3 For an account of life zones in New Mexicosee, Bailey, Vernon. Lifezones and crop _ zones of New Mexico, North American Fauna (U. 8. Dept. Agr. Bur, Biol, Surv.) — $85. 1913. . 12 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. SYSTEMATIC TREATMENT OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS. SYNOPSIS OF THE LARGER GROUPS, WITH KEYS. Subkingdom PTERIDOPHYTA. Plants without flowers or seeds, producing spores, each of which, on germination, develops into a flat or irregular prothallium. The prothallia bear the reproductive organs (antheridia and archegonia). As a result of the fertilization of an egg in the archegonium by a sperm produced in the antheridia a fern or an allied plant is developed. KEY TO THE ORDERS. Leaves broad, entire or dissected; ferns or fernlike plants. Spores of 1 kind, borne in sporangia; plants not aquatic... .1. FILICALES (p. 18). Spores of 2 fini, borne in sporocarps; aquatics...... 2. SALVINIALES (p. 27). Leaves narrow, scalelike or awllike; mosslike or rushlike plants. Sporangia in a terminal cone; stems hollow.........- 3. EQUISETALES (p. 28). Sporangia in the axils of small or leaflike bracts; stems solid. 4, LYCOPODIALES (p. 29). Subkingdom SPERMATOPHYTA. Plants with flowers which produce seeds. Microspores (pollen grains) borne in the microsporangia (anther sacs) develop each into a tubular prothallium; a macrospore (embryo sac) develops a minute prothallium and, together with the macrosporangium (ovule) in which it is contained, ripens into a seed. KEY TO THE CI.ASSES. Ovules and seeds borne on the face of a bract or scale; stigmas wanting. 1. GYMNOSPERMAE (p. 30). Ovules and seeds borne in a closed cavity; stigmas present. 2, ANGIOSPERMAE (p. 39). Class 1. GYMNOSPERMAE. KEY TO THE ORDERS. Staminate and pistillate flowers both in aments; perianth none; trees or shrubs with . needle-like or scalelike leaves .....-.-....-------------- 5. PINALES (p. 30). Staminate flowers in aments; pistillate flowers single or in pairs; perianth present; shrubs with jointed stems, the leaves reduced to sheathing scales. 6. GNETALES (p. 38). Class 2. ANGIOSPERMAE. KEY TO THE SUBCLASSES. Cotyledon 1; stems endogenous; leaves parallel-veined. 1. MONOCOTYLEDONES (p. 39). Cotyledons normally 2; stems exogenous; leaves not parallel-veined, or rarely appar- ONEY 60... oss oct noc ee eee cee 2. DICOTYLEDONES (p. 154). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 13 Subclass 1. MONOCOTYLEDONES. KEY TO THE ORDERS. Perianth when present rudimentary or degenerate, often composed of bristles or mere scales, not corolla-like, sometimes wanting. ; Flowers in the axils of dry or chaffy, usually imbricated, bracts (scales or glumes). 10. POALES (p. 42). Flowers not in the axils of dry or chaffy bracts. Perianth of bristles or chaffy scales...............7. PANDANALES (p. 39). Perianth fleshy or herbaceous, or wanting. Fruit baccate; endosperm present; plants 1 cm. broad or less, consisting merely of a flat thallus with 1 or more roots, floating. 11. ARALES (p. 124). Fruit drupaceous; endosperm wanting; aquatics with well-developed BUGIS 3 SS Seahonde Or So Boro etn CIRC 8. NAIADALES (p. 39). Perianth of 2 distinct series, the inner usually corolla-like. Gyneecium of distinct carpels.....................--...-9. ALISMALES (p. 41). Gyneecium of united carpels. Pamonpernn Mealy este Sse eae edie wee ven 12. KYRIDALES (p. 125). Endosperm fleshy, horny, or cartilaginous. Ovary aud fruit superior... 2... 4 20sec seat ks 13. LILIALES (p. 127). Ovary and fruit wholly or half inferior. Endosperm present; flowers regular.14. AMARYLLIDALES (p. 145). Endosperm wanting; flowers irregular..15. ORCHIDALES (p. 148). Subclass 2. DICOTYLEDONES. KEY TO THE ORDERS. Corolla wanting. Calyx wanting. Herbs. Flowers moncecious or dicecious......-. 30. EUPHORBIALES (p. 392). Flowers mainly perfect. Flowers spicate; styles wanting.........- 16. PIPERALES (p. 154). Flowers axillary; styles present. (Callitrichaceae) 30. EUPHORBIALES (p. 392). Trees or shrubs. Fruit many-seeded; seeds each with a tuft of hairs. 17. SALICALES (p. 154). Fruit 1-seeded; seeds without tufts of hairs ...... 42. OLEALES (p. 495). Calyx present, at least in the staminate or in the perfect flowers. Flowers, at least the staminate, in aments or ament-like spikes; fruit a nut or achene; trees or shrubs. Leaves simple; ovule pendulous and anatropous.19. FAGALES (p. 163). Leaves pinnate; ovule erect and orthotropous. 18. JUGLANDALES (p. 161). Flowers, at least the staminate, not in aments; fruit various; herbs, trees, or shrubs. Ovary inferior. Flowers, at least the staminate, in involucrate heads. (Ambrosiaceae) 50. ASTERALES (p. 618). 14 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Flowers not in involucrate heads. Fruit either a berry or a drupe or nutlike. Stamens as many as the perianth segments and alternate with them or else fewer. (Tetragoniaceae) 24. CHENOPODIALES (p. 198). Stamens as many as the perianth segments and opposite them or else twice as many. (Families of) 37. MYRTALES (p. 459). Fruit a capsule. Sepals as many as the cells of the ovary or half as many. 37. MYRTALES (p. 459). Sepals (4 or 5) at least twice as many as the cells of the ovary $250 ce (Saxifragaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Ovary superior. Gyneecium of 1 carpel or several distinct carpels; stigma and styles of each solitary. Carpels several. Stamens inserted below the ovary. (Families of) 25. RANALES (p. 243). Stamens inserted on the edge of a cup-shaped hypanthium. (Families of) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Carpels solitary. Style lateral and oblique. (Phytolaccaceae) 24. CHENOPODIALES (p. 198). Style axile, erect. Ovary neither inclosed nor seated in a hypanthium or a calyx tube. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves; aquatics. (Ceratophyllaceae) 25. RANALES (p. 243). Flowers not solitary in the axils of the leaves; terres- trial plants. (Urticaceae) 20. URTICALES (p. 174). Ovary inclosed in or seated in a hypanthium or a calyx tube. Stamens borne under the gynecium. (Allioniaceae) 24. CHENOPODIALES (p. 198). Stamens borne on the hypanthium or adnate to the calyx tubes. 2: 36. THYMELAEALES (p. 458). Gynecium of 2 or several united carpels; stigmas or styles 2 to several. Ovary, by abortion, 1-celled and 1-ovuled. Leaves with sheathing stipules. 23. POLYGONALES (p. 181). Leaves exstipulate, or the stipules, if present, not sheathing. Trees or shrubs... -(Ulmaceae) 20. URTICALES (p. 174). Herbs or vines. Stipules herbaceous; inflorescence spicate or racemose; leaf blades palmately veined. (Cannabinaceae) 20. URTICALES (p. 174). Stipules scarious or hyaline or none; inflorescence cymose; leaf blades pinnately veined. (Families of) 24. CHENOPODIALES (p. 198). Ovary several-celled, or with several placentz, several-ovuled. Stamens perigynous or epigynous, inserted on the margin of a hypanthium or a disk. Fruit a samara,..(Aceraceae) 31. SAPINDALES (p. 405). ee —— a : 1 j WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 15 Fruit not a samara. Fruit drupelike or berry-like; trees or shrubs. 32. RHAMNALES (p. 412). Fruit a capsule; herbs. 22. ARISTOLOCHIALES (p. 181). Stamens hypogynous, inserted under the gyncecium in the perfect flowers, not on a disk in the pistillate flowers. Flowers moncecious or dicecious. (Euphorbiacese) 30. EUPHORBIALES (p. 392). Flowers perfect. Stamens tetradynamous. (Brassicaceae) 26. PAPAVERALES (p. 260). Stamens not tetradynamous. 24. CHENOPODIALES (p. 198). Corolla present. Petals more or less united. Ovary inferior. Stamens with their filaments free from the corolla. Stamens 10; anther sacs opening by terminal pores or chinks. (Vacciniaceae) 39. ERICALES (p. 486). Stamens 5 or fewer: anther sacs opening by longitudinal slits. 48, CAMPANULALES (p. 612). Stamens adnate to the corolla. Ovary with 1 fertile cavity. Flowers in involucrate heads.........-....-.- 50. ASTERALES (p. 618). Flowers not in involucrate heads.......-.. 49. VALERIANALES (p. 617). Ovary with 2 to many fertile cavities. Plants tendril-bearing. (Cucurbitaceae) 48. CAMPANULALES (p. 612). Plants not tendril-bearing. Ovules mostly on basal placente; plants parasitic. 21. SANTALALES (p. 177). Ovules not on basal placente; plants not parasitic. 47, RUBIALES (p. 603). Ovary superior. Stamens free from the corolla. Gyneecium of a single carpel.......-..- (Families of) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Gyneecium of several united carpels. Hilaments ‘distinet: 2s: 5..2s2 5! (Families of) 39. ERICALES (p. 486). Filaments united. Stamens diadelphous.....- (Fumariaceae) 26. PAPAVERALES (p. 260). Stamens monadelphous. Anther sacs opening by slits. (Oxalidaceae) 28. GERANIALES (p. 379). Anther sacs opening by pores. Calyx and corolla very irregular... .. 29. POLYGALALES (p. 390). Calyx and corolla regular. ..(Families of) 39. ERICALES (p. 486). Stamens partially adnate to the corolla. Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and opposite them, or twice as many or more. Ovary 1-celled. Placentz central or basal.............---- 40. PRIMULALES (p. 490). Placentz parietal......-.(Fouquieriaceae) 34, HYPERICALES (p. 427). 16 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Ovary several-celled. Upper portion of ovaries distinct.(Crassulaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Upper portion of ovaries united.....--....-.--- 41, EBENALES (p. 495). Stamens as many as the lobes of the corolla and alternate with them or fewer. Corolla scarious, veinless; fruit a pyxis..46. PLANTAGINALES (p. 602). Corolla not scarious, veiny; fruit not a pyxis. Carpels distinct, except sometimes at the apex. Style: terminal:e2 eevee ss ieee Sis 44, ASCLEPIADALES (p. 503). Style basal........ (Dichondraceae) 45. POLEMONIALES (p. 513). Carpels united. Ovary 1-celled, with central placentz...43. GENTIANALES (p. 497). Ovary 2 or 3-celled or falsely 4-celled, or if 1-celled with parietal placeniees. 045. -e-6s- eee 45. POLEMONIALES (p. 513). Petals distinct, at least at the base. Carpels solitary, or several and distinct, or united only at the base. Stamens on the margin of a hypanthium (this very small in some Saxifragaceae). 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Stamens at the base of the receptacle, hypogynous. Flowers in moneecious heads. ....... (Platanaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Flowers not in moneecious heads, Plants with firm stems and leaves, not succulent. .25. RANALES (p. 243). Plants with succulent stems and leaves. (Crassulaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Carpels several and united. Ovary inferior. Stamens numerous. Hypanthium produced beyond the ovary. (Families of) 87. MYRTALES (p. 459). Hypanthium not produced beyond the ovary. Ovary partly inferior........ (Hydrangeaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Ovary wholly anferior e202 5.208 es 35. OPUNTIALES (p. 481). Stamens not more than twice as many as the petals. Styles wanting. (Stigmas sessile; aquatics.) (Gunneraceae) 37. MYRTALES (p. 459). Styles present. Styles distinct. Ovules solitary in each cell; fruit a drupe or of 2 to 5 more or less united _. achenies.. ..2 4.50.5 sae eamugs ene ed 38. UMBELLALES (p. 474). Ovules several in each cell; fruit a capsule or a fleshy, many-seeded, berry. Fruit, if dehiscent, valvate..(Families of) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Fruit circumscissile. (Portulacaceae) 24. CHENOPODIALES (p. 198). Styles united or single. Plants with tendrils; fruit a pepo. (Cucurbitaceae) 48. CAMPANULALES (p. 612). Plants without tendrils; fruit not a pepo. Ovary exceeding the hypanthium, the top free. (Hydrangeaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Ovary inclosed in or surpassed by the hypanthium or adnate to it. Ovules solitary in each cell......... 38. UMBELLALES (p. 474). Ovules several in each cell. Ovary with parietal placente. (Loasaceae) 85, OPUNTIALES (p. 431). Ovary with central or basal placentee. (Families of) 87. MYRTALES (p. 459). | [ { - WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 17 Ovary superior. Stamens inserted on the margin of a disk or hypanthium (perigynous or hypo- gynous). Stamens as many as the petals and opposite them. Styles and upper part of the ovaries distinct; ovules and seeds many. (Saxifragaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Styles united; ovules and seeds solitary or2..32. RHAMNALES (p. 412). Stamens as many as the petals and alternate with them or more. Mbyles GIShHGh oc... lee des (Saxifragaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Styles united. Hypanthium cup-shaped or campanulate; disk obsolete or incon- BDICUOUB. 32 care toe Saniee age Sey te S's) 37. MYRTALES (p. 459). Hypanthium flat or obsolete; disk fleshy. Plants with secreting glands in the bark. (Rutaceae) 28. GERANIALES (p. 379). Plants without secreting glands in the bark. 31. SAPINDALES (p. 405). Stamens inserted at the base of the ovary or receptacle. Stamens numerous. Sepals valvate; filaments united............. 38. MALVALES (p. 416). Sepals imbricated; filaments various. ..... 26. PAPAVERALES (p. 260). Stamens few, not over twice as many as the petals. Stamens as many as the petals and opposite them. Anther sacs opening by hinged valves. (Berberidaceae) 25. RANALES (p. 243). Anther sacs opening by slits. Flowers moneecious.-......---..---- 30. EUPHORBIALES (p. 392). Flowers perfect. Ovules and seeds several or many; embryo coiled. (Portulacaceae) 24. CHENOPODIALES (p. 198). Ovules and seeds solitary; embryo straight. (Plumbaginaceae) 40. PRIMULALES (p. 490). Stamens as many as the petals and alternate with them or more, some- times twice as many. Stamens 6; petals 4; sepals 2 or 4. (Families of) 26. PAPAVERALES (p. 260). Stamens, petals, and sepals of the same number, or stamens more than the sepals or petals, then usually twice as many. Ovary 1-celled. Ovules and seeds on basal or central placente. (Families of) 24. CHENOPODIALES (p. 198). Ovules‘and seeds on parietal placente. Stamens with united filaments (no staminodia). 33. MALVALES (p. 416). Stamens with distinct filaments. Staminodia present.(Parnassiaceae) 27. ROSALES (p. 291). Staminodia wanting. (Families of) 34, HYPERICALES (p. 427). Ovary several-celled. Stamens adnate to the gyncecium. (Asclepiadaceae) 44. ASCLEPIADALES (p. 503). Stamens not adnate to the gyneecium. Filaments wholly or partly united. Anthers opening by long slits. (Families of) 28. GERANIALES (p. 379). 52576°—15——2 18 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Anthers opening by pores...-.- 29. POLYGALALES (p. 390). Filaments distinct. ; Anthers opening by pores. (Families of) 39. ERICALES (p. 486). Anthers opening by slits. Stigmas and styles distinct and cleft, or foliaceous, or united by ipaira ewan Seek ee OS 30. EUPHORBIALES (p. 392). Stigmas or styles all distinct or all united, neither cleft nor foliaceous. DPigmMens 2.56 - se eee eee 42. OLEALES (p. 495). Stamens more than 2. Ovules 2 or more in each carpel. 34, HYPERICALES (p. 427). Ovules solitary in each carpel. (Families of) 28. GERANIALES (p. 379). ANNOTATED CATALOGUE. Subkingdom PTERIDOPHYTA. Order 1. FILICALES. 1, POLYPODIACEAE. Fern Family. The only family of the order in New Mexico. Notwithstanding the dryness of the climate, New Mexico has a considerable number of true ferns. With one exception they grow in the mountains. Most of the species occur in crevices or under overhanging rocks in the drier and warmer mountain ranges. A few of the more delicate ones live only in moist, cool forests in rich soil. A few others occur on high mountain peaks. ; KEY TO THE GENERA. Mature sori round or little elongated, appearing as sepa- rate small dots on the back of the frond. Fronds once pinnate or pinnatifid, having few large pinne. Sori furnished with an indusium; leaf margins SPINUlOse.<43). oon e eR SEe oe tee 10. PHANEROPHLEBIA (p. 26). Sori naked; leaf margins not spinulose........ 13. PotyPopium (p. 27). Fronds mostly twice pinnate or pinnatifid, having many small pinnules 1 cm. long or less. Indusium superior, cordate or reniform, fixed at the sins. feo. 285 Ge se er 9. Dryopreris (p. 25). Indusium inferior or lateral. Indusium inferior, breaking at maturity into.stellate lobest2 Nec: Sapte eee 12. Woopsta (p. 26). Indusium lateral, thrown back at maturity as.a delicate hood......:.j-l.5.-.-..-1. Fir (p. 26), Mature sori elongated, oblong to linear, mostly con-. fluent. Sori naked. Sori scattered on the back of the frond, follow- ing the course of the veins, branching.... 1. Bommenrta (p. 19). Sori marginal, near the ends of the veins, some- times covered at first by the reflexed edges of the pinne...,.. aicekee ars 2, NorHOLAENA (p. 19), WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 19 Sori with indusia. Sori dorsal, not marginal. Sori straight; fronds once pinnate; stipes danc-enlorediszsi. Joie fbn c'c oes. Bee 7. ASPLENIUM (p. 24). Sori more or less curved; fronds twice pinnate; stipes stramineous. ...... 8. ATHYRIUM (p. 25). Sori marginal, covered by reflexed edges of the pinne. Reflexed margin discontinuous, appearing as separate large indusia.........-- 3. ADIANTUM (p. 21). Reflexed margin continuous around each pinna. An inner indusium present, making - the covering of the sori double; fronds large, 40 to 100 cm. TON Sete nck aeo eee eee ae so doe TERIDIUM: (p. 21), Inner indusium wanting, the covering of the sori single; fronds in ours never over 30 cm. long. Pinnules minute, beadlike, hairy (except in CC. wrightii, which resembles the next genus), not coriaceous. ...- 5. CHEILANTHES (p. 21). Pinnules larger, 3 mm. long or more, glabrous (except in P. aspera), coriaceous. .....- 6. PELLAEA (p. 23). 1. BOMMERIA Fourn. Rootstocks creeping; fronds 5-angled, pinnate, hispid above, tomentose beneath; sori oblong or linear, following the course of the veinlets, exindusiate. 1. Bommeria hispida (Mett.) Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 633. 1902. Gymnogramme hispida Mett.; Kuhn, Linnaea 36: 72. 1869. Gyinnopteris hispida Underw. Native Ferns ed. 6. 84. 1900. TYPE LocALITy: Western Texas. Ranee: Texas to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Bear Mountains; Organ Mountains; 5 miles east of San Lorenzo; Mimbres River; Silver City; Florida Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. NOTHOLAENA R. Br. CLOAK FERN. Sori marginal, at first round or oblong, soon confluent into a narrow naked band; veins free; fronds various. Our species are of somewhat varied aspect, three of them (Eunotholaena) of distinct form, one resembling a Bommeria, and two others such that they might pass for Pel- laeas. Some of them are very common in the dry rocky foothills, while two of the species are rare in our range. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Fronds covered more or less abundanily with scales or hairs, not farinose, once pinnate. Fronds densely woolly beneath, the wool at first white, becoming ferrucious::... 25/2204 else ie 2s 22k 1. N. bonariensis. Fronds scaly on both sides, the scales at first white, changing to darker. 20 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Plants small, 10 to 15 cm. high; pinne rotund, entire OF 2 OF /B-t00tHed ao oe Naciisc oe eae oe aoe eRe 2a. N. sinuata inte- gerrima. Plants larger, 20 to 30 cm. high; pinne oblong, sinuate, seVeral-toothed «es. eke eae eink eee ee 2. N. sinuata. Fronds farinose beneath, neither hairy nor scaly. Lower surface of fronds bright yellow; fronds pentagonal in outline, barely bipinnate........-...-....2.---------- od WV. hookert. Lower surface of fronds white; fronds deltoid-ovate in out- line, tripinnate or quadripinnate. Rachises nearly straight; pinnules opposite, mostly sim- ple, the terminal ones rarely lobed............... 4. N. dealbata. Rachises and all their branches flexuous; pinnules alter- nate, the ultimate ones frequently 3-lobed......- 5. N. fendlert. 1. Notholaena bonariensis (Willd.) C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 6. 1905. Acrostichum bonariense Willd. Sp. Pl. 5: 114. 1810. Cincinalis ferruginea Desv. Ges. Naturf. Freund. Berlin Mag. 5: 311. 1811. Notholaena ferruginea Hook. Journ. de Bot. 1: 92. 1813. Tyre Loca.ity: ‘‘ Bonaria’’ (Argentina). Rance: Arizona and western Texas to Central and South America. New Mexico: Organ and Dona Ana mountains. Dry hills, among rocks, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Notholaena sinuata (Swartz) Kaulf. Enum. Fil. 135. 1824. Acrostichum sinuatum Swartz, Syn. Fil. 14. 1806. TYPE LocALIty: Peru. RanGE: Arizona and western Texas to Mexico and South America. New Mexico: Black Range; San Luis, Big Hatchet, Carrizalillo, and Bear moun- tains; Animas Valley; Tortugas Mountain; Florida, Organ, and Guadalupe moun- tains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. Reported from Las Lagunitas near Las Vegas by T. S. Brandegee. 2a. Notholaena sinuata integerrima Hook. Sp. Fil. 5: 108. 1864. Type Locauity: Mexico. RanaeE: Arizona and western Texas to Mexico. New Mexico: Black Range; Big Hatchet Mountains; Organ Mountains; Tortugas Mountain; White Mountains; Queen; Lakewood. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 3. Notholaena hookeri D. ©. Eaton in Wheeler, Rep. U. 8. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 308. pl. 30. 1879. Type Locatity: Western Texas. Rance: Arizona and western Texas to Mexico. New Mexico: Socorro Mountain; Burro Mountains; Kingston; San Luis Moun- tains; Tres Hermanas; Florida Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains; Organ Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. Also reported from Las Lagunitas, near Las Vegas, by T. S. Brandegee. 4. Notholaena dealbata (Pursh) Kunze, Amer. Journ. Sci. II. 6: 82. 1848. Cheilanthes dealbata Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 671. 1814. Notholaena nivea dealbata Davenp. Cat. Davenp. Herb. Suppl. 44. 1883. Type Loca.ity: ‘‘On rocks on the banks of the Missouri. ’’ Rance: Nebraska and Missouri to New Mexico and Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Burro Mountains; Big Hatchet Mountains; Lookout Mines; Tor- tugas Mountain; V Pasture. On limestone cliffs, dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 21 Reported from the following localities: Las Lagunitas near Las Vegas, 7. S. Bran- degee; San Domingo, Bigelow; Sandia Mountains, Ferris. 5. Notholaena fendleri Kunze, Farrnkr. 2: 87. pl. 136. 1851. Type tLocauity: “In New Mexico.’’ Type collected by Fendler. Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico and Arizona, and in northern Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Dona; Socorro; Cross L Ranch. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The type is Fendler’s 1017a, collected in 1847 near Santa Fe. Although named from New Mexico, the species is very rare in the State, ranging mainly farther north. 3. ADIANTUM L. MarmpEN-HAIR FERN. Sori marginal, short, covered by a flaplike reflexed portion of the edge of the pin- nule, on the free but approximate tips of forking veins; fronds bipinnate; stipes slen- der, black, wiry; pinnules mostly obovate-cuneate, with a few incised teeth. 1. Adiantum capillus-veneris L. Sp. Pl. 1096. 1753. VENUS-HAIR FERN. Adiantum modestum Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 46. 1901. TypPE Locatity: ‘“‘ Habitat in Europa australi.’’ RanGE: Virginia and Florida, westward across the continent except in the extreme northwest. New Mexico: Eight miles northwest of Reserve; East Fork of the Gila; San Andreas Mountains; Kingston; South Spring River. Damp cliffs, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. The type of Adiantum modestum is Earle’s 261 from South Spring River. If dif- fers slightly from our other specimens in having broader, more rounded segments. When one examines a large series of specimens of A. capillus-veneris it is seen that it is a variable species and that A. modestum is hardly more than a local variation. 4. PTERIDIUM Scop. Bracken. This is a coarse fern of almost world-wide distribution that occurs in the mountains of this State in parklike openings and beside small streams where the soil is rich and water plentiful. It is ordinarily not over 60 cm. high, but sometimes reaches a height of 2 meters. We have only one representative of the genus, the western or pubescent form. 1. Pteridium aquilinum pubescens Underw. Native Ferns ed. 6. 91. 1900. Type Locatity: ‘‘ Utah, California, and northward.’’ Rance: Western North America from New Mexico to British Columbia. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; White Mountains. Open slopes, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 5. CHEILANTHES Swartz. Liv FERN. Sori terminal or nearly so on all the veins, at first very small and rounded, later confluent; indusium consisting of the reflexed margins of the pinnules, in ours (except one species) continuous all around the pinnule. With the exception of C. wrightii our species belong to that division of the genus having very minute, beadlike segments with the whole margin reflexed. They grow in crevices of rocks and on ledges of cliffs in the mountains, generally between eleva- tions of 1,450 and 2,100 meters. 22 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Pinnules smooth; indusia not continuous. .-.-----.--------------- 1. C. wrightii. Pinnules more or less pubescent or scaly; indusia continuous about the pinnules. Fronds tomentose, not scaly. Stipes densely tufted, at first woolly, becoming glabrate; fronds small, 10 cm. long or less....--.----------- 2. C. feei. Stipes tufted, not so numerous, covered with brown to- mentum and a few narrow scales; fronds larger, 20 to 40 cm. long weet eee tee ee tree rt te tenes ae (CL eatoni. Fronds scaly beneath. Fronds not at all tomentose, glabrous and bright green or with a few scalesiabove: 2). 2. 225c0 eae 4. C. fendleri. Fronds both tomentose and scaly beneath. Stipes tufted from a short thick rootstock; fronds to- mentose to glabrate above, densely matted- woolly and scaly beneath..................-.. 5. C. myriophylla. Stipes scattered on a long slender rootstock; fronds white-tomentose above, very chaffy beneath, with cinnamon-brown scales...............--. 6. C. lindheimeri. 1. Cheilanthes wrightii Hook. Sp. Fil. 2: 87. pl. 110. A. 1858. Type LocaLiry: Western Texas. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Telegraph Mountains; Bear Mountains; Condes Camp. Upper So- noran Zone. 2. Cheilanthes feei Moore, Ind. Fil. 38. 1857. Myriopteris gracilis Fée, Gen. Fil. 150. 1850-2. Cheilanthes gracilis Mett. Abh. Senckenb. Ges. Frankfurt 3: 80. 1859-61, not Kaulf. 1824. Cheilanthes lanuginosa Nutt.; Hook. Sp. Fil. 2: 99. 1858, as synonym. Tyre Locauiry: ‘‘ Habitat ad rupes circa Hillsboro, in America Septentr.’’ RanGE: Illinois and Minnesota to British Columbia, south to Arizona, Texas, and Mexico. New Mexico: On cliffs, throughout the State, at lower altitudes. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. This is probably the commonest fern in the State, occurring most frequently in crevices in the perpendicular faces of limestone cliffs, especially under projecting ledges. Its stipes are always short, and the fronds mostly lie flat against the rocks. It is not restricted to limestone, but is found much less frequently on other rocks. 3. Cheilanthes eatoni Baker in Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil. 140. 1868. Cheilanthes tomentosa eatoni Davenp. Cat. Davenp. Herb. Suppl. 49. 1883. TyPE LocAity: Western Texas. RANGE: Western Texas to Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; San Mateo Peak; Sandia Mountains; Socorro; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Burro Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Dona Ana and Organ mountains; White and Capitan mountains; Tucumcari Mountain; Queen. In the drier mountains and foothills, Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 4. Cheilanthes fendleri Hook. Sp. Fil. 2: 103. pl. 107. B. 1858. Type Locatity: New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 1015). Ranae: Western Texas to Colorado, westward to California. New Mexico: Common in all the mountain ranges. Among rocks, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 23 5. Cheilanthes myriophylla Desv. Ges. Naturf. Freund. Berlin Mag. 5: 328. 1811. Cheilanthes villosa Davenp. Cat. Davenp. Herb. Suppl. 45. 1883. Type Locauiry: South America. RANGE: Texas to Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Big Hatchet Mountains; North Percha Creek; Bishops Cap, Han- over Mountain; Sacramento Mountains. Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. Cheilanthes lindheimeri Hook. Sp. Fil. 2: 101. pl. 107. A. 1858. Type Locatity: Western Texas. Ran@e: Western Texas to southern Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Burro Mountains; Telegraph Mountains; Tres Hermanas; Florida Mountains; Dona Ana and Organ mountains. Among rocks on the lower slopes of the mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. PELLAEA Link. Curr BRAKE. Sori intramarginal, terminal on the veins as dots, or decurrent, at length confluent, forming a marginal band; indusium formed by the reflexed margin of the pinnules, commonly broad and membranous. Our species all belong to the division having coriaceous bluish green pinnules with inconspicuous veins, most of them having dark brown or glossy black stipes. They occur in crevices and under rocks in the drier mountains at altitudes below 2,000 meters. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Indusium narrow, concealed by the maturing sporangia; stipes pinkish-stramineous; rootstocks slender, widely creeping.. 1. P. intermedia. Indusium broad, conspicuous; stipes dark brown to black; root- stocks short and thick, 2 to 3 cm. long. Fronds and stipes rough-hairy throughout..........-.....-.. 2. P. scabra. Fronds and stipes glabrous. Pinnules obtuse or barely acute. Fronds pinnate above, bipinnate below; pinnules lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 5 to 20 mm. SR We oad ae Sk CaN SE Na A 3. P. atropurpurea. Fronds quadripinnate below, simpler above; pin- nules oval to cordate-ovate, 5 mm. long or less, MET ye MIMeTONB ON a2 820 See aS eee aeiae 4. P. pulchella. Pinnules distinctly, although shortly, mucronate. Fronds narrowly oblong, bipinnate; pinne tri- POLIO LES Taos he Seems ee es ay te a ert 5. P. ternifolia. Fronds broadly lanceolate to deltoid, bipinnate; pinnules numerous on each rachilla, the termi- Malone uisialiy, larcest—ses a= ao oe Ses 6. P. mucronata. 1. Pellaea intermedia Mett.; Kuhn, Linnaea 36: 84. 1869. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico. Rance: Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Black Range; Burro Mountains; Florida Mountains; Tortugas Mountain; Organ and San Andreas mountains. Dry hills,in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Pellaea scabra C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 172. 1905. Cheilanthes aspera Hook. Sp. Fil. 2: 111. pl. 108. A. 1858, not Kaulf. 1831. ellaea aspera Baker in Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil. 148. 1868. TYPE LocaLity: Western Texas. RaneeE: Western Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Collected by the Mexican Boundary Survey (no. 1581) near the Copper Mines. Dry hills. 24 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 3. Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link, Fil. Hort. Berol. 59. 1841. Pteris atropurpurea L. Sp. Pl. 1076. 1753. Tyre Locatity: ‘‘ Habitat in Virginia.” RanGeE: Ontario and British Columbia to Georgia, Texas, Arizona, and California. New Mexico: Black Range; San Luis Mountains; Florida Mountains; Mangas Springs; Organ Mountains; highest point of the Llano Estacado; Queen. Thickets in the lower parts of the mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Pellaea pulchella (Mart. & Gal.) Fée, Gen. Fil. 129. 1850-52. Allosorus pulchellus Mart. & Gal. Nouv. Mém. Acad. Sci. Brux. 15: 47. pl. 10. f. 1. 1842. Type tocauity: ‘‘ Dans la Cordillére au sud de Sola,’’ Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to southeastern New Mexico, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Queen (Wooton). Crevices of limestone rocks, dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Pellaea ternifolia (Cav.) Link, Fil. Hort. Berol. 59. 1841. Pteris ternifolia Cav. Descr. Pl. 266. 1802. TypPE Locauity: Andes of Peru. Rance: Western Texas to southern New Mexico and southward. New Mexico: Organ Mountain (Wooton). Upper Sonoran Zone. This species is rare in New Mexico. We are doubtful of the determination of the Organ Mountain plant, since it is the only specimen collected at this station, although ferns have been collected there frequently and search has been made for the species. Our specimen is possibly a form of P. mucronata. Doctor Underwood has reported a specimen from Socorro, collected in 1895 by Plank, and Mr. M. E. Jones reports having obtained it at Silver City in 1903. The species is not uncommon in Chihuahua. 6. Pellaea mucronata D. C. Eaton in Torr. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 233. 1859. Allosorus mucronatus D. C. Eaton, Amer. Journ. Sci. IT. 22: 138. 1856. Pellaea wrightiana Hook. Sp. Fil. 2: 142. pl. 115. B. 1858. Type Locatity: “‘Clefts of rocks in the hills near the bay of San Francisco, California.’’ RaNnGE: Kansas and Texas to Arizona and California and southward. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; Socorro; Burro Mountains; Santa Rita; Florida Mountains; Dona Ana and Organ mountains. In the drier mountains and foothills, Upper Sonoran Zone. This has usually been referred to as P. wrightiana. Wright’s 2130 from Santa Rita is the type of P. wrightiana. It is one of the commonest species of the southern part of the State. 7. ASPLENIUM L. SpLeenworrt. Sori oblong or linear, oblique, separate; indusia straight or very rarely curved, opening toward the midrib when single, toward each other when paired; veins all free, KEY TO THE SPECIES. Pinnz 2 to 5, linear-cuneate; rachis green...............------ 1. A.septentrionale. Pinnz numerous, 10 to 30 pairs, oblong to oval; rachis brown or black. Plants tall, 10 to 25 cm. high; stipes black; pinne oblong.. 2. A.resiliens. Plants smaller, 15 em. high or less; stipes purplish brown; pines DVals o.oo. eee eee ... 3. A.trichomanes. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 25 1. Asplenium septentrionale (L.) Hoffm. Deutsch]. Fl. 2: 12. 1795. Acrostichum septentrionale L. Sp. Pl. 1068. 1753. Belvisia septentrionalis Mirb. Hist. Nat. Pl. 4: 65. 1803. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in Europae fissuris rupium.”’ Rance: Black Hills of South Dakota to New Mexico and Arizona; also in Europe. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; highest point of the Llano Estacado; Cross L Ranch; Santa Rita; Ben Moore. Upper Sonoran Zone. This grows in the crevices of rocks or beneath overhanging ledges. It is small and almost grasslike, so that it is easily overlooked. 2. Asplenium resiliens Kunze, Linnaea 18: 331. 1844. Asplenium parvulum Mart. & Gal. Nouv. Mém. Acad. Sci. Brux. 15: 60. pl. 15. f. 3. 1842, not Hook. 1840. TYPE LocALITy: Mexico. RANGE: Virginia and Florida to Kansas, Texas, and Arizona. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; Santa Rita; Florida Mountains. Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Asplenium trichomanes L. Sp. Pl. 1080. 1753. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in Europae fissuris rupium.”’ RanGE: British America to Alabama, Texas, and Arizona. New Mexico: Las Vegas Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Santa Rita; Organ Mountains. Damp slopes, Upper Sonoran to Transition Zone. 8. ATHYRIUM Roth. Rootstocks stout; fronds large, oblong-ovate, twice pinnate; sori usually curved, oblong; indusium straight or curved, opening along the side nearest the midrib. 1. Athyrium filix-foemina (L.) Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 3:65. 1800. Lapy FERN. Polypodium filiz-foemina L. Sp. Pl. 1090. 1753. Asplenium filiz-foemina Bernh. Neu. Journ. Bot. Schrad. 17: 26. 1806. Tyre Locauiry: ‘‘ Habitat in Europae frigidioris subhumidis.”’ Rance: Throughout most of temperate North America; in New Mexico only in the mountains. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Winsor Creek; Brazos Canyon. Transition Zone. The lady fern is not common anywhere in the State, but has been found by a few collectors in cool, shaded canyons beside running streams. 9. DRYOPTERIS Adans. Rootstocks stout and thick; fronds broadly oblong-lanceolate, bipinnatifid or bipinnate, 20 to 60 cm. long; sori dorsal, rounded, the indusium orbicular-reniform. 1. Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott, Gen. Fil. 1834. MALE FERN. Polypodium filiz-mas L. Sp. Pl. 1090. 1753. Aspidium filix-mas Swartz, Journ. Bot. Schrad. 18007: 38. 1801. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Europae sylvis.”’ Rance: British America to Michigan, New Mexico, and California. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Rito de las Frijoles; Las Vegas Mountains; Organ Mountains; Ruidoso Creek. Transition Zone. The specimens here listed are doubtfully referred to this species, but they repre- sent one of the forms which pass under the name. Further study may result in a change of name for the southwestern form. It is nowhere common in our range, but always seems well adjusted to its habitat wherever it occurs. 26 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 10. PHANEROPHLEBIA Presl. Rootstcck short and creeping; fronds pinnate, the pinnz 10 to 16, usually auriculate at the base, serrate or incised; sori round, borne on the back of forking veins; indusium peltate, opening all around the margin. 1. Phanerophlebia auriculata Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 212. pl. 359. f. 3, 4. 1899. Aspidium juglandifolium of authors, in part, not Kunze. Tyre Loca.ity: ‘‘Cool damp cliffs, Mapula Mountains, Chihuahua.”’ Rance: Mountains of southern Arizona and New Mexico and western Texas. New Mexico: Organ Mountains. Transition Zone. 11. FILIX Adans. Fronds oblong-lanceolate, 10 to 30 cm. long, 2 to 3-pinnatifid, thin, bright green; sori roundish, each borne on the back of a vein; indusium membranous, hoodlike, attached by a broad base on its inner side. 1. Filix fragilis (L.) Underw. Native Ferns ed. 6. 119. 1900. BRITTLE FERN, Polypodium fragile L. Sp. Pl. 1091. 1753. Cystopteris fragilis Bernh. Journ. Bot. Schrad. 1: 26. 1806. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in collibus Europae frigidioris.”’ Rance: Throughout temperate North America, and in temperate regions around the world. New Mexico: Common in all the mountains from the Black Range and White Mountains northward. Transition Zone. 12. WOODSIA R. Br. Sori orbicular, borne on the back of simply forked, free veins; indusium inferior, thin, in ours conspicuous, breaking at the top and splitting into several laciniate lobes. , Ferns with much the aspect of the fragile fern, but the fronds stiffer and the divi- sions shorter, the indusial characters, also, different. KEY TO THE SPECIES, Fronds lanceolate; pinne short, triangular-lanceolate, not glan- Muses te... teas ae Ren eee ee 1. W. mexicana. Fronds broader than lanceolate; pinne longer, the subdivisions broader; @landular-hairy:.. > << cee See oe 2. W. plummerae. 1. Woodsia mexicana Fée, Mém. Foug. 7: 66. 1854. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Habitat in Republica Mexicana, prope San Angel.’’ Rance: Western Texas to Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Winsors Ranch; Rio Pueblo; Sierra Grande; Magdalena Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Organ Mountains; Gilmores Ranch. ‘Transition Zone. 2. Woodsia plummerae Lemmon, Bot. Gaz. 7: 6. 1882. Woodsia obtusa glandulosa D. C. Eaton & Faxon, Bull. Torrey Club 9: 50. 1882. Tyre Locauiry: ‘On the north side of a high peak of the Chirricahua Mountains,” Arizona. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Burro Mountains (Rusby). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 27 138. POLYPODIUM L. Potyropy. Rootstocks elongated; fronds 5 to 20 cm. long, once pinnatifid into linear-oblong, obtuse or acute segments; sori rounded, exindusiate, borne at the ends of the veins midway between the margin and midrib. 1. Polypodium hesperium Maxon, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 18: 200. 1900. TYPE LOCALITY: Coyote Canyon, Lake Chelan, Washington. RanGeE: British Columbia to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains (Miss C. C. Hillis). Damp woods. Miss Ellis reports that this is found in crevices and under rocks near Balsam, in Lagunita, and on ridges between the latter place and Las Huertas Canyon. The species should occur in some of the ranges in the western part of the State. Order 2. SALVINIALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Creeping plants with 4-parted petioled leaves of Biers mide sy SOOM tp Bia Se ioltodl oe 2. MARSILEACEAE (p. 27). Minute floating plants with closely imbricated, lobed Pen de e Penh, wes inten bt abit 8. SALVINIACEAE (p. 27). 2. MARSILEACEAE. 1. MARSILEA L. Herbaceous perennials growing in muddy places, with slender creeping stems and 4-foliolate long-petioled leaves; sporocarps borne at the base, in ours almost sessile, hard, reniform, 2-valved, several-celled, containing both kinds of spores. A single species so far obtained in New Mexico, but others will probably be found growing about pools in the mountains. A specimen in the U. 8. National Herbarium obtained by one of the collectors of the Mexican Boundary Survey is determined as M. uncinata A. Br. The label shows nothing as to place or time of collection. The published report states that Doctor Bigelow obtained this species in New Mexico, without further locality. The specimen referred to is very small but is probably correctly determined. 1. Marsilea vestita Hook. & Grev. Icon. Fil. 2: pl. 159. 1831. Tyre tocatity: “Ad flumenColumbiam, ora occidentali Americae Septentrionalis,”’ Rance: Arkansas and Texas to California, north to Washington and British Columbia. New Mexico: Queen (Wooton). In mud. The single station at which this plant was found was near the top of the Upper Sonoran Zone, but the same species was collected by Wright near San Elizario, Texas, which is Lower Sonoran, while the range given by most authors suggests the Transition. 3. SALVINIACEAE. 1. AZOLLA Lam. Small floating plants with a more or less elongated and sometimes branching axis bearing leaves; sporocarps soft, thin-walled, two or more on a stalk, 1-celled; mega- sporangia containing 1 megaspore, the microsporangia bearing numerous microspores. 1. Azolla caroliniana Willd. Sp. Pl. 5: 541. 1810. TypE Locauity: “ Habitat in aquis Carolinae.”’ Rance: New York to Florida, west to California and Oregon. New Mexico: Animas Creek ( Metcalfe 1110). Floating in still water. 28 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Order 3. EQUISETALES. 4, EQUISETACEAE. Horsetail Family. 1. EQUISETUM L. Horseram. Plant body rushlike, with jointed, mostly hollow stems; leaves reduced to a whorl of scales forming a sheath at the nodes; sporangia forming a terminal cone composed of peltate scales bearing several sporangia; spores all alike, supplied with coiled elaters attached at the middle and coiled spirally about the spore; prothallia terrestrial, green, usually dicecious. The family includes the plants which go under the name of “scouring rushes” “horsetails,’’ which, while very numerous in past ages of the world, are now reduced to a single genus. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Annual; plant of two forms, one spore-bearing the other vege- tative; vegetative form much branched, with slender 4-angled branches; spore-bearing form not branched, brown........- 1. EZ. arvense. Perennial, not dimorphous, if branched at all the branches similar to the main stems. Stems nearly smooth, the tubercles inconspicuous; sheaths spreading upward; teeth deciduous, leaving a ring of triangular black tipsas.252 ices foe ee eee ee eee 2. HE. laevigatum. Stems rough, the tubercles conspicuous; sheaths usually little or not at all spreading upward; teeth mostly adherent to the bases. Stems generally less than 70 cm. high, frequently branched from the base: 22 2.2. 3+ eS se Se ee ee .. 3. E. hiemale. Stems generally taller, 1 meter high or more, very hard and rough, usually little or not at all branched.-.-.....-. 4, E. robustum. 1. Equisetum arvense L. Sp. Pl. 1061. 1753. Tyre Locatity: “Habitat in Europe agris, pratis.’’ RANGE: British America to Virginia, New Mexico, and California, New Mexico: Taos; Rio Pueblo; Mogollon Mountains. Mountains, in the Transi- tion Zone. This is the common horsetail of the mountains, growing in very wet soil beside running water. It is usually associated with grasses, rushes, and sedges which cover the swampy meadows at elevations of 1,800 meters and more, Such meadows or marshy places usually go under the name of ‘‘ciénaga”’ (frequently corrupted to “siniky’’) or the diminutive ‘‘cienaguilla.’’ The horsetail may be readily recognized in the vegetative state by its cluster of 4-angled jointed stems about 2 mm. in diameter, of a bright green color, that bear no proper leaves. The spore-bearing stalks are brown, 6 to 8 mm. in diameter, 10 to 20 cm, high, and bear their cones singly at the top. They appear early in the spring, shed their spores, and soon die. 2. Equisetum Bae eg A. Br. Amer. Journ. Sci. 46: 87. 1844. SMOOTH SCOURING RUSH. Tyre Locauity: “On poor clayey soil, with Andropogon and other coarse grasses, at the banks of the river below St. Louis.’ Rance: New Jersey and Louisiana to British Columbia, California, and Texas, New Mexico: Shiprock; Chama; Taos; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Ramah; Albuquerque; Mogollon Mountains; Mesilla Valley; Ruidoso Creek. In wet ground, in the Transition Zone, or lower, along streams, This is the chief scouring rush of the mountains, its smooth, hollow, jointed stems being common along most of the mountain streams and in the cienagas, There is but WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 29 one kind of stem produced; branching above the base is rare except when the plant is injured. Sometimes, though not frequently, it is somewhat branched from the base. The rather delicate texture and the somewhat spreading, smooth-topped, long sheaths tipped by a row of triangular black dots are characteristic. 3. Equisetum hiemale L. Sp. Pl. 1062. 1753. ScoURING RUSH. TyrE Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Europe sylvis, asperis, uliginosis.”’ Rance: North America north of Mexico. E New Mexico: Reserve; Gilmores Ranch; near Las Vegas, on the Gallinas River; Rio Grande near Mesilla. This is a common rush along the streams and ditches. The form here referred to is that spoken of as EL. hiemale intermedium by Mr. A. A. Eaton. 4. Equisetum robustum A. Br. Amer. Journ. Sci. 46: 88. 1844. Type Locauity: ‘‘Islands of the Mississippi River in Louisiana.’’ Rance: New Jersey and Louisiana, westward across the continent. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Cedar Hill; Mesilla; Mogollon Mountains. Wet ground, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. The large scouring rush occurs not uncommonly along the rivers and irrigating ditches at the lower levels of the State. It may not be sufficiently distinct from E. hiemale. Order 4. LYCOPODIALES. 5. SELAGINELLACEAE. Selaginella Family. Mosslike terrestrial plants, usually only a few centimeters high; stems slender, branching, erect or trailing; leaves small and scalelike, arranged in 4 to many rows; sporangia 1-celled, globose, of two kinds, viz., megasporangia bearing 4 megaspores and microsporangia bearing many microspores, borne at the bases of the sporophylls, these differing little from foliage leaves. 1. SELAGINELLA Beauv. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Plants erect, tufted, with roots only on the lower part; leaves with long terminal bristles and numerous marginal hairs on each bitte Spianis eravish PTCCHs2. 522.58 feo 0 2c bs exes v 1. S. rupincola. Plants more or less prostrate, forming mats, mostly rooting along the stems; leaves various; plants grayish or bright green. Stems very short, 6 cm. long or less; strobiles erect, 4-angled, usually longer than the vegetative branches..........- 2. S. densa. Stems longer, 10 cm. or more; strobiles various. Megaspores irregularly wrinkled; strobiles erect; leaves and short stems frequently much crowded ........ 3. S. wrightit. Megaspores not wrinkled; strobiles hardly distinguish- able from the vegetative parts. Stems very slender, wiry, terete; leaves small, ap- TUE? 260 | QSnt 0n Ss Ne nS) a ee 4. S. mutica. Stems weaker; leaves lax, dark green.............-.. 5. S. underwoodir. Selaginella lepidophylla, the ‘‘resurrection plant,’’ should be found in the Guadalupe Mountains near the southern boundary, or in the limestone mountains of the south- west corner. There is a single specimen of a species closely allied to S. arenicola Underw. in the National Herbarium, the label of which states that it was collected at Las Vegas by Plank. There is some uncertainty as to whether the specimen is correctly labeled; for this reason it is not listed here. Collectors should look for such a species in that region and farther east and south. 30 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Selaginella rupincola Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 129. 1898. Type Locauity: ‘‘On perpendicular rocks, Organ Mountains.’’ New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 124). Rance: Mountains of New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains; Dog Spring; Organ Mountains. On rocks and ledges, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Selaginella densa Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 7. 1900. Tyre Locauiry: ‘‘ Little Rocky Mountains,’’ Montana. Rance: Montana and western Nebraska to New Mexico. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; Hillsboro Peak. In the Transition Zone or higher. 8. Selaginella wrightii Hieron. Hedwigia 39: 298. 1900. Type Locality: Western Texas. Type, Wright’s no. 828. RANGE: Western Texas and New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Lakewood; Las Vegas. 4. Selaginella mutica D. C. Eaton; Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 128. 1898. TypE Locauity: ‘‘New Mexico.” RanGeE: Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos; Canada Alamosa; Organ Mountains. Damp cliffs in the mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Selaginella underwoodii Hieron. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. 14: 715. 1901. Selaginella rupestris fendlert Underw. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 127. 1898. Selaginella fendleri Hieron. Hedwigia 39: 303. 1900, not Baker, 1883. Type Locauity: New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 1024). RANGE: Colorado, New Mexico, and southward. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; Folsom; Ramah; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Bear Mountain; Organ Mountains; White Mountains. On rocky walls and ledges in the mountains, In the Upper Sonoran, Transition, and Canadian zones. Subkingdom SPERMATOPHYTA. Seed-bearing plants. Class 1. GYMNOSPERMAE. Order 5. PINALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Leaves’ needle-like; carpellary scales with bracts, never peltate; ovules inverted; cones dry...... 6. PINACEAE (p. 30). Leaves scalelike or awllike; carpellary scales without bracts, fleshy or peltate; ovules erect; cones berrylike- 226.5 hi a. Se eee eee 7. JUNIPERACEAE (p. 35). 6. PINACEAE. Pine Family. Large evergreen trees with needle-shaped leaves; infertile flowers in short catkins; fertile flowers in scaly aments, becoming cones, with 2 or more ovules at the base of each scale; fertile scales numerous, spirally imbricated. KEY TO THE GENERA. Leaves fascicled, inclosed by sheaths at the base, at least when young; cones maturing the second year.....- 1. Pinus (p. 31). Leaves solitary, not sheathed; cones maturing the first year, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. ou Branches rough with the persistent leaf bases; leaves quadrangular, falling off when dried; cone scales thin and persistent; cones pendulous... 2. PicEA (p. 33). Branches smooth; leaves flat, persistent in dried speci- mens; cone scales and cones various. Cones erect, the scales deciduous; bracts of the cones not exserted; leaves sessile, leaving Cireiiariseatnes ses. uote aeolian ot Us 4 3. ABIES (p. 34). Cones pendulous, the scales persistent; bracts of the cone scales conspicuously exserted, 3-parted; leaves petioled, leaving oval BCATS Se semeide hoc teiad sGethas se Gnewa asics. 4, PSEUDOTSUGA (p. 35). 1. PINUS L. Pine. Large or small trees with needle-shaped leaves in fascicles of 2 or more, surrounded by a persistent or deciduous sheath at the base. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves in fascicles of 2, short and curved, 3 to 4 cm. long; cones small, 4 to 5 cm. long; seeds not winged.........--------- 1. P. edulis. Leaves in fascicles of 3 to 5; leaves, cones, and scales various. Leaves in fascicles of 3 (rarely 4). Dearemrt-ent, Jone gr Ness. | 15:82 So cu oss sates ie's ee 2. P. cembroides. Leaves 6 cm. long or more. Sheaths persistent and conspicuous; leaves 10 to 25 em. long; cones 7 to 15 cm. long.........--- 3. P. brachyptera. Sheaths deciduous; leaves 6 to 9 cm. long; cones 3 to Piha glee Bo SW ay cater kee os Sat es cea vale oh 4. P. chihuahuana. Leaves in fascicles of 5. Cones 10 to 18 em. long, the scales with unarmed append- ages; seeds with only rudimentary wings; leaves slender, 4 to 8 cm. long. eawescnittoes.oso520. Se Iasi ee Seek Ste en A by PA flerils: TLSEE WERT Ola ADU Poe ors ee Se NR pies ei Ate Ae ge, Sr 6. P. strobiformis. Cones 5 to 7 cm. long, the scales with armed appendages; seeds with conspicuous wings; leaves various. Leaves short and stout, 2 to 4 cm. long, curved, crowded; cone scales with long weak spines; cones G.to: 7 emilonge eta sal Sheek 7. P. aristata. Leaves longer, 6 to 10 cm., straight, not crowded; cone scales with short and rigid spines; cones 5) Tie) OG Ant Bee ota oe Sel Se ee Mee 8. P. arizonica. 1. Pinus edulis Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. North. Mex. 88. 1848. PINYON. Caryopitys edulis Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 29. 1903. Pinus cembroides edulis Voss, Mitt. Deutsch. Dendr. Ges. 16: 95. 1907. Type Locauity: “‘Not rare from the Cimarron to Santa Fe, and probably throughout New Mexico.’’ Type collected by Wislizenus in 1847. | RanGE: Colorado and Utah to western Texas and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Common on low hills and high plains everywhere west of the Pecos, and in the mountains of the northeastern corner of the State. Upper Sonoran Zone, A small, rather scraggy tree, 10 to 12 meters high or less, with rough, dark-colored bark, dark green leaves, and small, ovoid cones with the scales widely spreading when mature, The tree occurs ir the drier foothills, associated with junipers and 32 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. several evergreen oaks, at elevations of 1,500 to 2,150 meters, almost throughout the State. The wood is soft and decays rapidly, so that it is poor for firewood or fence posts and is but little used. Large quantities of the seeds are gathered every year to be eaten. They are very palatable, having a sweet flavor, especially after having been roasted. The tree is one of the most characteristic plants of the Upper Sonoran Zone, not occurring outside that division. 2. Pinus cembroides Zucc. Abh. Akad. Wiss. Miinchen 1: 392. 1832. Typr LocALity: ‘‘Crescit in montibus altioribus imperil mexicana V. C.ad ecclesiam S. Crucis prope Sultepec.”’ Rance: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and south- ward. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains (Goldman 1408). Upper Sonoran Zone. 8. Pinus brachyptera Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. North. Mex. 89. 1848. YELLOW PINE. Pinus engelmanni Torr. U.S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 141. 1856. Pinus ponderosa scopulorum Engelm. in 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 126. 1880. Pinus scopulorum Lemmon, Gard. & For. 1897: 183. 1897. Type Locauity: ‘‘Mountains of New Mexico.’’ Type collected by Wislizenus in 1847. RANGE: Throughout the Rocky Mountains, from the northern boundary of the United States to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Common in all the mountain ranges of the State, which reach an altitude of 2,100 meters or more. Transition Zone. This is the most common tree of New Mexico and Arizona, and constitutes per- haps two-thirds of the timber of the former State. It is certainly first in importance from the standpoint of quantity and quality of lumber. It occurs only in the moun- tains at elevations of from 1,800 to 2,850 meters, being associated with the pinyon in the lower edge of this belt, and with Pinus flexilis and Pseudotsuga near its upper limit, rarely forming pure forests. The older trees are frequently over 35 meters high and the trunks from 80 to 100 cm. in diameter. The bark loses its outer layers and becomes cut into irregular quadrangular segments, which are smooth and of light reddish or yellowish brown color. Younger trees, with trunks 45 cm. or less in diame- ter, have darker colored bark and are generally known to the lumbermen as a dif- ferent tree—their “‘jack pine.’? Lumber made from the larger trees is usually spoken of as ‘‘Arizona” pine in distinction from ‘‘Texas”’ pine, and is regarded as the most valuable soft wood of the region. The inner bark of this and other conifers was chewed or eaten by tae Indians in earlier times when other food was wanting. To-day some of the tribes remove the bark from the trunks to secure an exudation of resin which they use in coating their wicker water bottles. Upon the Mescalero Apache Reservation one sees many trees killed by this girdling. 4. Pinus chihuahuana Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. North. Mex. 103. 1848. Pinus leiophylla chihuahuana Shaw, Publ. Arn. Arb. 1: 14. 1909. Tyre Locauity: Mountains of Chihuahua. Rance: Mountains of southern New Mexico and Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Animas and San Luis mountains. Transition Zone. 5. Pinus flexilis James in Long, Exped. 2: 34. 1823. WHITE PINE. Apinus flexilis Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 598. 1905. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Arid plains subjacent to the Rocky Mountains, and * * * * up their sides to the region of perpetual frost.’’ Rance: Northern Mexico to southern Alberta. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 33 New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; White and Sacramento mountains; Capitan Mountains. High mountains, chiefly in the Canadian Zone. A medium-sized tree, 15 to 25 meters high, found only in the higher parts of the mountains, usually associated with the firs and spruces, at elevations of from 2,400 to 3,000 meters. It is not very abundant, although it is valued next to the yellow pine for its timber. The cone is large and pendent. The seeds are large for the genus and can be eaten like those of the pinyon, but they have thicker and harder shells. 6. Pinus strobiformis Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. North. Mex. 102. 1848. MEXICAN WHITE PINE. Pinus ayacahuite brachyptera Shaw, Publ. Arn. Arb. 1: 11. 1909, not P. brachyptera Engelm. 1848. TYPE LOCALITY: Cosihuiriachi, Chihuahua. Rance: Northern Mexico to southern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Franeys Peak; San Luis Mountains. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. A tree very similar to the preceding, nowhere abundant. It occurs within our area only in the southwestern corner of the State. Reports of its occurrence elsewhere in New Mexico doubtless refer to Pinus flexilis. 7. Pinus aristata Engelm. Amer. Journ. Sci. II. 34: 331. 1862. FoxTAIL PINE. Type Locaity: ‘‘Pikes Peak and high mountains of the Snowy Range,’’ Colorado. Rance: Higher mountains of Colorado and northern New Mexico to Nevada and California. New Mexico: Pecos Baldy; Grass Mountain; Costilla Pass; Baldy. Canadian and Hudsonian zones. A dark green, scrubby tree, 10 to 12 meters high or less, with short leaves curved toward the ends of the branches. It occurs only in the higher mountains at alti- tudes of 3,000 meters or more, and nowhere in abundance. On the higher peaks at or above timber line the plants are low and stunted, often spreading over the ground, forming what the Germans call ‘‘Krumholz.’”’ This is the result of the high velocity of the wind at these altitudes. 8. Pinus arizonica Engelm. U.S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 6: 261. 1878. ARIZONA YELLOW PINE. Pinus ponderosa arizonica Shaw, Publ. Arn. Arb. 1: 24. 1909. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘On the Santa Rita Mountains,’’ Arizona. Rance: Mountains of northern Mexico and southern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Summit of Animas Peak (Goldman 1360). Transition Zone. 2. PICEA Link. Spruce. Conical trees with short stiff sharp-pointed solitary leaves standing out in all direc- tions from the stems; cones pendulous, their scales rather thin, persistent, the bracts shorter than the scales. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Young branches and leaf bases pubescent; cones short, 3 to 5 cm. long; leaves dull green, not glaucous..............-------- 1. P. engelmanni. Young branches and leaf bases glabrous; cones longer, 5 to 9 cm. long; leaves on the older parts usually dark green, the young ones glaucous and light-colored.................----------.- 2. P. parryana. 52576° —15——3 34 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Picea engelmanni Parry; Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 2: 212. 1863. ENGELMANN SPRUCE. Abies engelmanni Parry, loc. cit. Type Locauity: ‘‘Higher parts of the Rocky Mountains, from New Mexico to the headwaters of the Columbia and Missouri rivers. Rance: British Columbia to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; West Fork of the Gila; Bonito. Higher moun- tains, Canadian and Hudsonian zones. A conical tree 20 to 25 meters high or less, with smooth, thin, flaky bark, dark green foliage, and pendulous cones borne mostly on the uppermost branches. It occurs only in the higher mountains at 2,700 to 3,300 meters where there is permanent moisture, frequently forming dense pure forests. Itis also found on the faces of cliffs and on the tops of mountains up to timber line, where it is generally straggling and dwarfed. When growing alone itis usually perfectly conical, bearing nearly horizontal branches almost to the ground. The cones are small and purplish until maturity, when they become dry and brown. 2. Picea parryana Parry, Gard. Chron. 11: 334. 1879. | COLORADO BLUE SPRUCE. Abies parryana Engelm.; Parry, loc. cit. TypE Loca.ity: Not stated. Rance: Higher mountains of New Mexico and: Arizona, northward to Wyoming. New Mexico: Chama; Winsors Ranch; Sandia Mountains; James Canyon; White Mountain Peak. Canadian and Hudsonian zones. Very similar to the preceding, but the young leaves covered with a bloom which gives rise to the name of ‘“‘blue spruce,’’ and the bark thick and deeply furrowed- The range is similar to that of the Engelmann spruce, although usually at slightly lower levels, and the value of the timber is about the same. The lumber is in both cases rather poor, being weak and spongy, and full of knots. It is used to some extent for making boxes. The Colorado blue spruce is a much better tree for decoratiyg purposes because of its color and also because it is a more rapid grower. It does well at Santa Fe and could, no doubt, be used in other places of similar ele- vation if properly cared for. 8. ABIES Link. Fre. Large trees with spreading or ascending branches; leaves flat, blunt, short, so arranged as to make the branches appear flat; cones erect, cylindrical, borne near the top of the tree, their scales thin and deciduous. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Bark thin; smooth; corky..22.5. 500205 2 oc ee er A. arizonica. Bark thick, rough, not corky. : Resin ducts of the leaves within the soft tissue, remote from the CPG ONMOIB. 2 52, sca:s e226 es Toe = De eee ae eee 2. A. lasiocarpa. Resin ducts near the epidermis, on the lower side of the leaf.... 3. A. concolor. 1. Abies arizonica Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 10: 116. 1896. CorRK-BARK FIR. Tyre Locauity: ‘West slope of San Francisco Mountain, Arizona.”’ RanGE: Higher mountains of Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Twining; Sandia Mountains; Baldy; Baldy Peak, Mogollon Mountains. Hudsonian Zone. A small conical tree growing in cooler situations in dense mixed forests, usually associated with spruce and aspen. It is easily recognized by its thin, smooth, white, corky bark, which persists after the tree has decayed, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. Sh 2. Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 3: 138. 1849. Pinus lasiocarpa Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2; 163. 1842. Type Locauity: ‘‘Interior of N. W. America.’’ Rance: British America to Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Brazos Canyon; Pecos Baldy. Mountains, in the Canadian Zone. 8. Abies concolor Lindl. Journ. Hort. Soc. Lond. 5: 210. 1850. BALSAM FIR, Pinus concolor Engelm.; Gord. & Glend. Pinet. 155. 1858. Type Locauity: ‘Mountains of New Mexico.”’ Rance: Oregon and California to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Winsors Ranch; Trinchera Pass; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains; Capitan Mountains. Moun- tains, in the Canadian and Hudsonian zones. 4. PSEUDOTSUGA Carr. DoUGLAS SPRUCE. Large tree; leaves solitary, short-petiolate, flat, obtuse: cones ovate-oblong, pendu- lous, the bracts 3-parted, longer than the scales. 1. Pseudotsuga mucronata (Raf.) Sudw. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 3: 266. 1895. Abies mucronata Raf. Atl. Journ. 120. 1832. Abies douglasii Lindl. Penn. Cycl. 1: 32. 1833. Pseudotsuga douglasit Carr. Trait. Conif. ed. 2. 256. 1867. Pseudotsuga taxifolia Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad. 8: 74. 1889. Type tocauity: Mouth of Columbia River, Oregon. Ranae: Alaska to Arizona and western Texas. New Mexico: Common in all the higher mountains from the Las Vegas, Sacramento, and Organ ranges westward. Mountains, chiefly in the Canadian Zone. This is the largest tree of the New Mexican mountains, in favorable situations over 60 meters high, with a trunk 2 meters or more in diameter. The bark is rough and dark-colored; the short (25 mm. or less) and obtuse leaves are arranged like those of the balsam fir. It may be most easily recognized by the cones, which are rela- tively small, composed of persistent thin scales, with the 3-parted bracts protrud- ing a centimeter or more from beneath each scale. The tree occurs in mixed forests with yellow pine and the true spruces, at elevations ranging from 2,250 to 3,150 meters, sometimes reaching timber line. In the northern part of the State it often forms extensive pure stands in which there is little or no other vegetation. The * lumber is of good quality. In cultivation the Douglas spruce makes an excellent decorative tree. 7. JUNIPERACEAE. Juniper Family. Low trees or shrubs with much imbricated, short, scalelike or awllike leaves; cones composed of fleshy or peltate scales, without bracts; fruit berry-like, dehiscent or indehiscent. KEY TO THE GENERA. leaned Orya wood y,.dehiscent.| noes 5s teh eek eee oe 1. Cupressus (p. 35). Manes teriay, 10 ehiseent.- 2025-2. boo. trae mem obae Sac 5s 2. JUNIPERUS (p. 36). 1. CUPRESSUS L. Cypress. Small tree with short imbricated leaves; cones dry, woody, dehiscent, 6 to 8 mm. in diameter, composed of 6 to 8 peltate scales; seeds small, narrowly winged. 1. Cupressus arizonica Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 9: 64.1882. AnrizoNA CYPRESS. Cupressus benthami arizonica Masters, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 31: 340. 1896. 36 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Type Locauity: ‘‘On the mountains back of Clifton, in the extreme eastern part of Arizona.”’ RANGE: Mountains of southern Arizona and northern Mexico, coming into the southwestern corner of New Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains (Mearns 437, 560, 2244). 2. JUNIPERUS L. Junrer. CEDAR. Large or small shrubs with awl-shaped or scalelike leaves; cones indehiscent, fleshy or fibrous; seeds 1 to 4, ovoid. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves on mature branches not scalelike, 6 to 12 mm. long, smooth and shining above, glaucous beneath; a low shrub less that ameter hich, often spreading: )22.22- 057. o5-aceese eee 1. J. sibirica. Leaves on mature branches scalelike, less than 5 mm. long, of the same color on both surfaces; large shrubs or small trees several meters high, never spreading. Seeds 3 or 4; branchlets smooth; leaves with a conspicuous resinous exudate; bark of the trunk broken into irregu- lar quadrangular plates...........-. De se ea Valens 2. J. pachyphloea. Seeds 1 or 2; branchlets mostly scaly; leaves not with a resinous exudate; bark shreddy or stringy. Fruit large, about 15 mm. in diameter........-.-..-...-- 3. J. megalocarpa. Fruit small, 10 mm. in diameter or less. Branchlets slender, drooping; fruit 2-seeded; leaves rammed 22 2 Stic nets 2 ces A oe ese eee Pe 4. J. scopulorum. Branchlets rigid, erect; fruit mostly 1-seeded; leaves 2-ranked. Fruit large, 7 to 10 mm. long, oblong, brown and fibrous at maturity; leaves short and Obtuse. .o5. . esters cae reer cin eee 5. J. utahensts. Fruit small, 5 to 7 mm. long, little if at all longer than thick, bluish, fleshy; leaves acute, LONE. 9. og os eee ee ee ee 6. J. monosperma. 1. Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. Anleit. Holz. no. 272. 1787. JUNIPER. Juniperus communis sibirica Rydb. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 3: 533. 1896. TYPE Locauity: Siberia. Rance: New Mexico to Alaska and Labrador. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Taos Mountains; San- dia Mountains. Deep woods, in the Canadian and Hudsonian zones. 2. Juniperus pachyphloea Torr. U.S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 142. 1857. ALLIGATOR JUNIPER. Type Locauity: Zuni Mountains, New Mexico. RanGeE: Arizona and western Texas to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Common from the Zuni Mountains, Black Range, Capitan Moun- tains, and Guadalupe Mountains southward and westward across the State. Low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. } A round-topped tree 10 meters high or less, with a short, thick trunk, covered with thick, checkered bark which gives it its name of ‘‘alligator-bark juniper.’’ On the cliffs at higher elevations it often attains a great age, developing a short and very thick trunk. The fruit is rather large for the genus, 8 to 10 mm. in diameter, ripen- ing the second year. This is the common juniper in the southern part of the State in the foothills. The wood is used for fuel and to some extent for fence posts, although that of other species is preferred, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 37 8. Juniperus megalocarpa Sudworth, For. & Irr. 18: 307. 1907. Sabina megalocarpa Cockerell, Muhlenbergia 3: 143. 1908. Type Locauity: ‘‘Midway between Alma and Frisco, about 3 miles above the ‘Widow Kelley’s’ ranch on the San Francisco River,’’ New Mexico. RanGE: Known only from type locality. A tree 9 to 15 meters high, the trunk 60 to 120 cm. in diameter; leaves in 3’s, yellowish green. This tree seems to have been first discovered in this same locality by Mr. Vernon Bailey of the Biological Survey, U. 8. Department of Agriculture, who made some excellent photographs of it which we have seen. 4. Juniperus scopulorum Sarg. Gard. & For. 10: 420. 1897. Rocky MountTaINn JUNIPER. Sabina scopulorum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 598. 1905. Tyrer Locauity: Not definitely stated. RanGE: British Columbia and Alberta to Arizona and western Texas. New Mexico: Coolidge; Rivera; Santa Fe; Pecos; Cebolla; Las Vegas; Stinking Lake; Mogollon Mountains; White Mountains. Open hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone, often extending into the lower part of the Transition. A beautiful though small tree, with dark green foliage and slender branches droop- ing at the ends. The fruit is small, blue, and succulent. The Rocky Mountain juniper occurs only in the higher mountains, associated sometimes with the common cedar (Juniperus monosperma), more often with pines. When growing alone it takes on a fine conical form with branches quite to the ground, rendering it an ideal tree for lawns. 5. Juniperus utahensis (Engelm.) Lemmon, Calif. Board For. Rep. 3: 183. 1890. UTAH JUNIPER. Juniperus californica utahensis Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 588. 1877. Sabina utahensis Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 598. 1905. TyrE Locauty: ‘‘Southern parts of Utah and into Arizona and Nevada.”’ Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico, west to southeastern California. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Aztec; Carrizo Mountains; Frisco; Dona Ana Mountains. Open hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A stiff, upright, much branched tree, coming into New Mexico from the northwest. It differs from the next chiefly in the larger size and different color of its fruit. It is probably much more common than the citations would indicate. 6. Juniperus monosperma (Engelm.) Sarg. Silv. N. Amer. 10: 89. 1889. ONE-SEEDED JUNIPER. Juniperus occidentalis monosperma Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 590. 1877. Sabina monosperma Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 598. 1905. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘From Pikes Peak region of Colorado through west Texas and New Mexico to Arizona and California.’’ Rance: Colorado to Nevada, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Common on foothills and high plains throughout the State. Upper Sonoran Zone. This is the common juniper of the State. It is a low, much branched, frequently very scraggy tree, 4 to 8 meters high. Under favorable conditions it assumes an almost perfectly conical shape. The bark is gray and shreddy or stringy, the leaves of a rather yellowish green, and the fruit small and succulent. The wood does not decay readily and is much used for fence posts. It will no doubt prove of value as a decorative tree for lawns at elevations of from 1,800 to 2,250 meters. We are unable to separate from this Juniperus pinchoti Sudworth.' Some of the material from the eastern side of the State should belong to that species. So far as ' For. & Irr. 13: 307. 1907 The type came from Paloduro Canyon in the Pan- handle of Texas. 38 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. we have been able to judge from the description and from the type material, the only difference suggested between the two is that the stumps left after J. pinchoti has been cut produce sprouts while those of J. monosperma do not, scarcely a sub- stantial specific difference. As a matter of fact the stumps leit after trees of the com- mon cedar have been cut down often send up sprouts, just as they are said to do in this lately published species. What is probably a form of J. monosperma, or possibly a distinct species, was described by Lemmon! as Juniperus occidentalis gymnocarpa. It is said to have the solitary seed partly exposed at the apex, hence the name. Mr. Lemmon states that this form is ‘‘abundant on the Sandia Mountains, near Albuquerque,’’ New Mexico. No specimens have been seen by the writers. The same form has been collected near Fort Huachuca, Arizona, by Gen. T. E. Wilcox. Order 6. GNETALES. 7a. EPHEDRACEAE. Joint-fir Family. 1. EPHEDRA L. Shrubs 2 meters high or less, with slender terete striate stems; leaves reduced to small scarious bracts disposed in whorls at the nodes; flowers dicecious; fruit consisting of 1 or more seeds inclosed in few or many, chaffy, brownish or greenish scales. Our species occur in the drier and lower parts of the State, on the sandy mesas, along arroyos, and on the rocky low slopes of the mountains, associated with mesquite, creosote bush, cactus, desert willow, and the like. A tea made by boiling the branches in water is used by the Mexicans and Indians as a remedy for venereal diseases and kidney affections. A chemical analysis shows a relatively high percentage of tannin in the stems. The shrubs are variously known as ‘‘popotillo,’’ ‘‘canatillo,’’ “‘Mormon tea,’ and ‘‘Brigham Young weed,”’ as also by several other names. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaf scales in 2’s; cone scales few. Scales of the fruit acutish; fruit sharply angled; branches very numerous, erect, bright green.........-.-.---- 1. E. viridis. Scales rounded-obtuse; fruit scarcely angled; branches few, somewhat spreading, yellowish..........-..--------- 2. E. antisyphilitica. Leaf scales in 3’s; cone scales numerous. Leaf scales 5 mm. long or less, merely acute, not acerose; fruit scabrous, less than 10 mm. long......-..------- 3. H. torreyana. Leaf scales 8 to 10 mm. long, acerose; fruit smooth, 10 to 13 MM GUE A. on nok Se ey 2 ch ae ee ee 4. EH. trifurca. 1. Ephedra viridis Coville, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 4: 220. 1893. Type Locaurry: Near Crystal Spring, Coso Mountains, Inyo County, California, Rance: Southeastern California to Utah and western New Mexico. New Mexico: Western San Juan County; common. Mesas and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Ephedra antisyphilitica Meyer, Monogr. Ephedra 101. 1846. Type Locauity: “Hab. in Mexici provincia orientali Coahuila, prope Laredo ad Rio del Norte.”’ RanGeE: Colorado and Texas to Mexico. New Mexico: Bishops Cap; Tortugas Mountain. Mesasand dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 1 Handbook of West-American cone-bearers 80. 1895. oo a WOOTTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 39 8. Ephedra torreyana S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 14: 299. 1899. Type Locauity: “New Mexico to 8. Utah.” Rance: Colorado to California and Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Farmington; Santa Fe; Albuquerque; Nara Visa; Organ Mountains; San Andreas Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains; White Sands; Roswell. Plains and low hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 4. Ephedra trifurca Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 152. 1848. Type Locauiry: “From the region between the Del Norte and the Gila, and the hills bordering the latter river to the desert west of the Colorado.”’ Rance: Colorado and Utah to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Gila; San Antonio; Carrizalillo Mountains; Dem- ing; Las Cruces; Organ Mountains. Plains and low hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. Class 2. ANGIOSPERMAE. Subclass 1. MONOCOTYLEDONES. Order 7. PANDANALES. 8. TYPHACEAE. Cattail Family. 1. TYPEHA. Le: Garram. Tall marsh plant with creeping rootstocks and glabrous erect terete stems; leaves narrow, flat, striate; flowers moncecious, densely crowded in terminal spikes, the pistillate flowers below and the staminate above; ovary 1, stipitate, 1 or 2-celled. 1. Typha latifolia L. Sp. Pl. 971. 1753. Type Locauity: “ Habitat in paludibus Europae.”’ Rance: Throughout most of North America; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Farmington; Shiprock; Pecos; Mangas Springs; Fort Bayard; along the Rio Grande from Albuquerque to El Paso. In swamps and marshes, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. The Mexicans use the stems for a thatch upon which to lay mud roofs. Order 8. NAITADALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Gyneecium of distinct carpels; stigmas disklike TTARETCT SE ed ap PR a 9. POTAMOGETONACEAE (p. 39). Gyneecium of united carpels; stigmas slender.. 10. NAIADACEAE (p. 41). 9. POTAMOGETONACEAE. Pondweed Family. Aquatic herbs with jointed leafly stems; leaves sheathing at the base or stipulate; flowers perfect or unisexual, the perianth of 4 or 6 distinct valvate segments, or tubular, or none; stamens 1, 2, 4, or 6; ovaries 1 to 6, distinct, 1-celled, usually 1-ovuled; fruit indehiscent. KEY TO THE GENERA. Flowers perfect, spicate; stamens 4....................-.-. 1. PoTamMoGETon (p. 40). Flowers moneecious, axillary; stamen 1.................- 2. ZANICHELLIA (p. 40). 40 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 1. POTAMOGETON L. PoNDWEED. Leaves all or only partly submerged, alternate, the blades broad or narrow; stipules more or less united and sheathing; flowers spicate; sepals and stamens 4; ovaries 4. It is probable that we have more species in the State than are listed here. The material is difficult of collection and is usually neglected by collectors. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves of two kinds, floating and submerged. Submerged leaves with blades; floating leaves elliptic......... 1. P. americanus. Submerged leaves without blades; floating leaves oval........ 2. P. natans. . Leaves all submerged, narrow, sessile. Stipules free; spike continuous; fruits few............-.-..-- 3. P. foliosus. Stipules adnate to the petioles; spikes interrupted; fruits MUMeETOUS... 52 yee Fe IY: 34 SE, EBL CR o os ct 4. P. interior. 1. Potamogeton americanus Schlecht. & Cham. Linnea 2: 226. pl. 6. f. 26. 1827. Potamogeton lonchites Tuck. Amer. Journ. Sci. II. 6: 226. 1848. Type tocauity: North America, Rance: In ponds and slow streams throughout North America except in the extreme northern part. New Mexico: Collected by Fendler (no. 837), probably about Santa Fe. 2. Potamogeton natans L. Sp. Pl. 126. 1753. Typr Locauity: European. Rance: In still water throughout most of North America except the extreme north; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains (Standley 7557). 8. Potamogeton foliosus Raf. Med. Repos. N. Y. n. ser. 5: 354. 1808. Potamogeton gramineum L. err. det. Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 102. 1803. Potamogeton pauciflorus Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 121. 1814. Type Locauity: “Hab. in rivis affluente mari inundatis Carolinae inferioris.’’ Rance: In streams and ponds nearly throughout North America. New Mexico: Tularosa Creek near Aragon; Canada Creek at Ojo Caliente; Berendo Creek. 4. Potamogeton interior Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 13. 1906. Potamogeton marinus occidentalis Robbins; 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par 0: 309: 18/1. Potamogeton filiformis occidentalis A. Benn. Ann. Cons. Jard. Genéve 9: 102. 1905. TypE Locatity: Colorado. Ranae: Ontario and Northwest Territory to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Farmington; Cedar Hill; Carlsbad; Roswell. The following species are represented by specimens the localities for which are uncertain but are probably in New Mexico or adjacent Texas: Potamogeton pectinatus L. Wright 1894. Potamogeton pusillus L. Wright 1896. 2. ZANICHELLIA L. HorNED PONDWEED. Leaves linear, mostly opposite, with sheathing stipules; flowers moneecious, sessile, axillary, the staminate ones consisting of a single stamen; ovaries 2 to 5, forming oblique oblong indehiscent nutlets in fruit. —_— ee ee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 41 1. Zanichellia palustris L. Sp. Pl. 969. 1753. Type Locauity: “ Habitat in Europae, Virginiae fossis, fluviis.”’ RanGe: In streams and ponds throughout North America except the extreme north; also in Eurasia. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Manguitas Spring; Salt Lake; Cienaga Ranch; Fort Tularosa; Roswell. 10. NAIADACEAE. Naias Family. 1. NAIAS L. Natas. Slender branched aquatic, entirely submerged, with fibrous roots, numerous oppo- site or fasciculate leaves, and moncecious or dicecious, sessile or pedicellate, axillary, inconspicuous flowers; mature carpel solitary, sessile, ellipsoid, with a crustaceous pericarp. 1. Naias guadalupensis (Spreng.) Morong, Mem. Torrey Club 3?: 60. 1893. Caulinia guadalupensis Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 20. 1825. Type Locauity: “ Insula Guadalupa.’’ RanGE: Floating in water, Nebraska ana Oregon to Florida and Tropical America. New Mexico: Lake La Jara (Standley 8274). Order 9. ALISMALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Petals and sepals similar; anthers long and narrow; BeeEPeIs CONCTONG koa ooo terial wie sone = Se 11. JUNCAGINACEAE (p. 41). Petals and sepals unlike, the former white; anthers short and thick; carpels not coherent........ 12. ALISMACEAE (p. 42). 11. JUNCAGINACEAE. Arrow grass Family. 1. TRIGLOCHIN L. Arrow arass. Perennial herbs with fleshy grasslike leaves clustered at the base of the scapelike stem; flowers small, spicate, with 3 ovate sepals and 8 similar petals; stamens 3 or 6; ovaries 3 or 6, united, the capsule splitting at maturity into 3 or 6 carpels. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Carpels 6; plants tall, 60 to 80 cm. high, stout...................-. 1. T. maritimum. Carpels 3; plants low, 35 cm. high or less, slender................-. 2. T. palustre. 1. Triglochin maritimum L. Sp. Pl. 339. 1753. Tyre tocauity: “ Habitat in Europae maritimis.”’ Rance: Throughout the United States and in Mexico; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Fitzgerald Cienaga; Mescalero Agency; Tularosa. Marshes, in the Transition Zone. 2. Triglochin palustre L. Sp. Pl. 338. 1753. Type Locauity: “Habitat in Europae inundatis uliginosis.’’ Rance: Widely distributed in North America; also in South America, Europe, and Asia. New Mexico: Grass Mountain; Rio Pueblo; Silver Spring Canyon. Wet ground, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 42 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 12. ALISMACEAE. Water-plantain Family. Marsh herbs with fibrous roots, scapose stems, spongy petioles, and oval or sagittate leaf blades; leaves all radical; flowers perfect, monoecious, or dicecious; perianth of 3 herbaceous persistent sepals and as many white deciduous petals; stamens 6 or more; ovaries numerous, becoming 1-seeded achenes. KEY TO THE GENERA. Leaf blades ovate or oblong; all flowers perfect; carpels not winged; inflorescence paniculate............ 1. ALISMA (p. 42). Leaf blades sagittate; all or part of the flowers unisexual; carpels winged; inflorescence raceme-like. Lower flowers of the inflorescence pistillate; pedicels slender; leaves longer than broad........---- 2. SAGITTARIA (p. 42). Lower flowers of the inflorescence perfect; pedicels stout; leaves broader than long........-...-- 3. LopHorocarPus (p. 42). 1. ALISMA L. WATER-PLANTAIN. Perennial with long-petioled leaves, ovate or oblong, acute blades, and 1 or 2 scapes terminating in a loose pyramidal panicle; flowers small; carpels numerous, in a simple circle on a flattened receptacle. 1. Alisma plantago-aquatica L. Sp. Pl. 342. 1753. Tyre Locatity: “‘ Habitat in Europae aquosis & ad ripas fluviorum, lacuum.’’ RanGe: Nearly throughout North America; also in Europe and Asia. Nrw Mexico: Near Horace (Wooton). Wet ground. 2. SAGITTARIA L. Arrow HEAD. Stoloniferous perennial herbs with long-petioled sheathing leaves with sagittate blades; stems simple, bearing a few whorls of flowers, the staminate flowers above, the pistillate below; ovaries many, on a globular receptacle, becoming flat membranous winged achenes. 1. Sagittaria arifolia Nutt.; J. G. Smith, Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 6: 32. 1895. TYPE LOCALITY: Oregon. RanGeE: British America southward through the western United States. New Mexico: San Juan Valley; Taos; Santa Fe; Belen; Reserve. Wet ground chiefly in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. LOPHOTOCARPUS Durand. A perennial herb similar to the preceding, but the lower flowers of the inflorescence perfect instead of pistillate; leaves broadly sagittate. ri 1. Lophotocarpus calycinus (Engelm.) J. G. Smith, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 25. 1894. Sagittaria calycina Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 212. 1859. Sagittaria calycina maxima Engelm. loc. cit. Sagittaria calycina media Engelm. loc. cit. Tyre Loca.itry: ‘“‘On the Red River, Louisiana.”’ RANGE: South Dakota and Delaware to Alabama and New Mexico. New Mexico: Mesilla (Wooton 74). Wet ground, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. Order 10. POALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Leaves 2-ranked; margins of sheaths not united; stems mosthy hollow... o...ds¢.... aaa eee 13. POACEAE (p. 43). Leaves 3-ranked; margins of sheaths united; stems solid. 14. CYPERACEAE (p. 110). Di it ll WOOTTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 43 138. POACEAE. Grass Family.' Fibrous-rooted annual or perennial herbs, often with rootstocks, with jointed, usually hollow, cylindrical stems and 2-ranked leaves, their blades parallel-veined, mostly long and narrow, their bases forming an open or rarely a closed sheath around the stem; inflorescence an open or spikelike panicle, a raceme, or a spike; flowers usually perfect, small, without a distinct perianth, arranged in spikelets, these con- sisting of an articulate axis (rachilla) and 3 to many 2-ranked bracts, the lower 2 elumes) being empty, the succeeding 1 or more (lemmas) each containing in its axil a single flower subtended by a palea; stamens usually 3; pistil 1, with a 1-celled, 1-ovuled ovary, 2 styles, and plumose stigmas; fruit a caryopsis with a starchy endo- sperm and a small embryo. KEY TO THE TRIBES. Spikelets dorsally compressed, falling from the pedicels entire, 1-flowered, or some- times with a rudimentary flower below the perfect one. Lemma and palea hyaline, much more delicate in texture than the glumes. Spikelets unisexual, the pistillate borne in the lower, the staminate in the upper part of the same spike. .2usss 22 2220-:- ie eae ee I. MAYDEAE. Spikelets in pairs, one sessile, the other pedicellate, the former perfect, the latter perfect or with a staminate flower, often reduced to 1 or 2 sealedcte es... eT fe .-I. ANDROPOGONEAE. Lemmas, at least those of i ee flowers, fire | in texture to the glumes or thicker and firmer, never hyaline. Lemma and palea membranous; spikelets in groups of 3, these falling together inom the: continuous. axis: a2 .c--dapacusee te! . If. ZOYSIEAE. Lemma and palea chartaceous to pee different i in aigaioe and texture from the glumes; spikelets various..................-IV. PANICEAE. Spikelets laterally compressed, at least at maturity, the glumes usually persistent on the pedicel or rachis after the fall of the florets, 1 to many-flowered, the rudi- mentary flower, if any, usually uppermost. Spikelets in 2 rows, sessile or nearly so. Spikelets on one side of the continuous axis, forming one-sided pelos. these aigttate Or pamiculate: sn. < 0 Jae oo ee ee VII. CHLORIDEAE. Spikelets alternate on opposite sides of a channeled, sometimes articulate, emis spiced SOlibany soilless ake we Sethe X. HORDEAE. Spikelets borne in an open or spikelike panicle or raceme, usually upon distinct pedicels. Spikelets with 1 perfect flower. No rudimentary or staminate floret below the perfect one. V. PHALARIDEAE. A pair of rudimentary or staminate florets below the perfect one. VI. AGROSTIDEAE, Spikelets 2 to many-flowered. Lemmas usually shorter than the glumes; awn dorsal or from between the teeth of the bidentate apex, usually bent..... VII. AVENEAE. Lemmas usually longer than the glumes; awn terminal (rarely dorsal in Bromus) and straight, or none.............- IX. FESTUCEAE. 1 For a more extended account of New Mexican grasses from an economic stand- point, see Wooton and Standley, N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81. 1912. 4-4 KEY TO THE GENERA. Tribe I. MAYDEAE. PHN 1G SEMIS! cise cles FOES Se ee ee Le CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, TRIPSACUM (p. 49). Tribe 1. ANDROPOGONEAE. Spikelets all pedicellate, the longer pediceled one per- fect, long-awned, the short-pediceled one stami- PTAC eet WNL CSS Ls ee corny osc) ta hee oe pate Some of the spikelets sessile, these perfect, the pedi- cellate spikelets staminate, sterile, or reduced 2. to a pedicel. ppikelets all awnless-. ...0-2-..0.g8ank - te oes 3. Perfect spikelets awned. Lower spikelets unlike the others............ 9. Sessile spikelets all alike. Racemes single; rachis joints with a cup- shaped appendage at the tip...-.-- 4, Racemes 2 or more; rachis joints not ap- pendaged. Rachis joints and pedicels sulcate, translucent.-. it ee 5. Rachis neither sulcate nor trans- lucent. Some of the racemes sessile... .. 6. All the racemes pedunculate. Pedicellate spikelets re- duced to a pedicel... 8. Pedicellate spikelets stami- Tribe II. ZOYSIEAE. Second glumes covered with hooked spines.......-..- 10. Bertone glumes Not SPINY 1... ii2.- deere een Tribe IV. PANICEAE. Spikelets involucrate. Involucre a spiny bur, falling with the spikelets. .20. Involucre of numerous bristles, persistent on the axis after the fall of the spikelets.........- 19. Spikelets not involucrate. Glumes, at least the second, awned or cuspidate. .18. Glumes not awned. Spikelets lanceolate; fruit cartilaginous, not rigid, the white hyaline margins of the lemma not inrolled. Spikelets densely covered with long milky hairs)... ) 2. See eee ee neers 12. Spikelets glabrous or nearly so. Inflorescence of slender racemes, digitately arranged..........- 13. Inflorescence a capillary panicle... .14. TRACHYPOGON (p. 49). ELYONURUS (p. 49). HETEROPOGON (p. 52). ScHIZACHYRIUM (p. 49). AMPHILOPHIS (p. 50). ANDROPOGON (p. 51). Sor@HASTRUM (p. 52). . Hocus (p. 51). Nazia (p. 52). . Hivaria (p. 53). CENCHRUS (p. 61). CHAETOCHLOA (p. 60). EcHINOCHLOA (p. 59). VALOTA (p. 54). SYNTHERISMA (p. 54). LEpToLoma (p. 54). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF Spikelets oval or obovate; fruit chartaceous, rigid, the lemma margins inrolled, not hyaline. First glume present; spikelets panicled, yately im facemes. ..722.o2.2..2 2% U7: First glume obsolete; spikelets in racemes. Spikelet with a swollen ringlike cal- lus below; fruit awn-tipped...15 Spikelets without a callus; fruit not WATE Cees coats le eee LG: Tribe V. PHALARIDEAE. Panicles dense and contracted; sterile lemmas minute.21. Panicles loose and open; sterile lemmas inclosing SLAIMINATHMOWCIN acces. senate seciee se aeciee eters Tribe VI. AGROSTIDEAE. Lemmas indurated at maturity, closely inclosing the grain, Spikelets in pairs, one perfect, the other staminate or sterile (in spikelike panicles)...........- 23; Spikelets not in pairs, all perfect. Lemma 3-awned (2 of the awns sometimes very Lemmas 1-awned or awnless. Awhaltwisteds ang ibemt-.ss.cescemes ese oe Zan Awns not twisted, or wanting. Lemmas narrow; awns, when present, MISEMIBLEM Gece ec temas ane cise 26. Lemmas broad; awns deciduous..... 27. Lemmas usually thin at maturity, at least more delicate than the glumes; grain loosely inclosed. Glumes conspicuously compressed-keeled; panicle dense and spikelike, cylindrical. Rachilla jointed above the glumes, these per- sistent; lemma awnless........... e743 Rachilla jointed below the ary these fall- ing with the spikelets; lemma awned. .29. Glumes not compressed-keeled; panicles mostly open and spreading, rarely crowded and spikelike. Panicle spikelike, elongated, 30 cm. long or Panicle not elongated. Spikelets articulated below the glumes, falling entire. Glumes awned; panicles dense...... 33. Glumes awnless; panicles open...... 34. Spikelets articulated above the glumes, these persistent after the fall of the florets. NEW MEXICO, Panicum (p. 56). . Ertocuioa (p. 54). PASPALUM (p. 55). PHALARIS (p. 61). SAVASTANA (p. 61). Lycurwus (p. 62). . ARISTIDA (p. 62). Sripa (p. 65). MUHLENBERGIA (p. 68). Oryzopsis (p. 72). PHLEUM (p. 73). ALOPECURUS (p. 73). . EPIcaAMPEs (p. 74). PoLYPOGoN (p. 77). Cinna (p. 78). 45 46 Lemmas pilose on the nerves.-.---- 31. Lemmas not pilose on the nerves. Lemmas l-nerved; pericarp sep- arating from the seed... .32. Lemmas 3 to 5-nerved; peri- carp adherent to the seed. Rachilla prolonged behind the palea; lemma with a short awn on the biekac- esse sees 36. Rachilla not prolonged be- hind the palea; lem- mas awnless. Glumes longer than the HOLeiee eee 37 Glumes shorter than the foretaseceen cee 35 Tribe VII. AVENEAE. Awns attached between the teeth of the lemma, flat- Awns dorsal, not flattened. Grain adherent to the palea; spikelets mostly more:than: 10jmim~ lone 2 ose ees) eee 39. Grain free; spikelets less than 10 mm. long. Lemmas erose or shortly 2-lobed at the apex; panicles openee: 3:62 eeceees eeene 40. Lemmas deeply 2-toothed at the apex, the teeth awn-pointed; panicles dense and CONSCStE. 5 -s Ss sss eee eee 41. Tribe VII. CHLORIDEAE. Spikelets unisexual, dissimilar; flowers moncecious or dicecious....-.-.- WA cicwdtovos ols >: SER 42. Spikelets all alike. Spikelets with 2 to 4 perfect flowers. Spikelets small, numerous, eisai glumes hin - Spikelets large, ae eta Radi cick fest 5 Ee. Spikelets with 1, ee 2, perfect ee Rachilla jointed below, the boat-shaped in- flated glumes, the whole spikelet fall- ing at maturity-. Bee é Rachilla jointed above ie glumes, fees per- sistent, not boat-shaped. No sterile lemmas present above the perfect floret. Plants with long stolons; spikelets numerous, crowded; spikes 2 aed firm io 6, digitate.. 2eee- ee -eeaees 46. = peste4oe . 44, . -45. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. BLEPHARONEURON (p. 74). SPOROBOLUS (p. 75). CALAMAGROSTIS (p. 79). . CALAMOVILFA (p. 80). . AGrostIs (p. 78). . DantHonra (p. 80). AVENA (p. 81). DEscHAMPSIA (p. 81). TRISETUM (p. 82). Busuis (p. 82). LEpProcu1oa (p. 83). ACAMPTOCLADOS (p. 84). BECKMANNIA (p. 84). CAPRIOLA (p. 84). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF Plants without stolons; spikelets few, scattered; spikes scattered along the central axis.......-- 47 One to several sterile lemmas above the perfect florets. Spikes scattered along the central RAE Ray Sy rai Srey he a Os 48, Spikes digitate, or crowded near the end of the stem. Lemmas with a single awn or awnlesssos.. sess Lene 49. Beminas'3-awited 2. ote 4) aee 50. Tribe IX. FESTUCEAE. Lemmas with numerous (9 or more) awnlike divisions OMAWNEUSION CSS ee lees es SERIES Be 51. Lemmas with few lobes or entire. Lemmas, at least those of the pistillate spikelets, S-lobed! ands3-awned....,.2:eee M4). te Beek e 52. Lemmas entire or at most 2-lobed. Hairs on the rachilla or lemma very long, ex- ceeding the lemma in length. Rachilla hairy; lemma naked?...-.....- 53. Rachilla naked; lemma hairy.......-..-- 54. Hairs, if any, on the rachilla and lemma shorter than the latter. Stigmas barbellate, on long styles; spike- lets in 3’s in the axils of the spin- escent leaves; plants spreading, woolly when young..........-..-- 55. Stigmas plumose, sessile or on short styles; spikelets and plants various. Lemmas | to 3-nerved. Lateral nerves of the lemmas hairy. Lemmas deeply 2-lobed. - . .56. Lemmas entire or butslightly 2-lobed. Inflorescence a short crowded raceme; leaf blades with cartilaginous mar- gins; plants low and tuftedse: - =. 57. Inflorescence a rather large panicle; leaf blades without cartilaginous mar- gins; plants tall. .58. Lateral nerves of the lemmas glabrous. Second glume very unlike the first, broadened NEW MEXICO, . SCHEDONARDUS (p. 85). BoOvurTELOUA (p. 85). Cutoris (p. 87). TRICHLORIS (p. 88). PAPPOPHORUM (p. 88). ScLEROPOGON (p. 89). PHRAGMITES (p. 89). ARUNDO (p. 89). Munroa (p. 90). DasyocuHLoa (p. 90). ERIONEURON (p. 90). TRIDENS (p. 91). * NEPIWAE 5 2.2 seen es 59, SPHENOPHOLIS (p. 92). 47 48 Second glume similar to the first, not broadened upward. Panicles narrow, dense and spikelike, the branches Panicles open, the branches spread- INP seek jo. 22 ES 61. Lemmas 5 to many-nerved. Spikelets with 2 or more of the up- per glumes empty, broad and infolding each other.......-.- 62. Spikelets with the upper glumes flower-bearing or narrow and abortive. Stigmas plainly arising from be- low the apex of the ovary. . .63. Stigmas placed at or near the apex of the ovary. Spikelets in 1-sided fascicles arranged in a glomerate or interrupted panicle. .-... 64. Spikelets in panicles of ra- cemes. Glumes more or less laterally compressed and keeled. Flowers dicecious; lemmas COLIACEOIIS=) eaten 65. Flowers moncecious, most of the flowers perfect; lemmas thin, scari- ous-margined.......-. 66. Glumes rounded on the back, at least below the mid- dle. ’ Lemmas acute, pointed or awned at the apex. . .67. Lemmas obtuse or acutish, usually toothed. Lemmas distinctly 5 to 7-nerved; styles presenti) 2222. =. 68. Lemmas obscurely 5- nerved; styles . Tribe X. HORDEAE. Spikelets usually single at the nodes of the rachis. Glumes with their sides turned toward the rachis. .70. Glumes with their backs turned toward the rachis.71. CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. . KoELERIA (p. 92). ERaAGRostIs (p. 93). Metica (p. 95). Bromus (p. 95). Dacryuis (p. 97). DisticHuis (p. 98). Poa (p. 98). Festuca (p. 101). PANICULARIA (p. 103). . PuccrnE..ia (p. 104). AGROPYRON (p. 104). Lourum (p. 106). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 49 Spikelets 2 to 6 at each joint of the rachis or if solitary the glumes arranged obliquely to the rachis. Spikelets 1-flowered or with a rudimentary second eae ae ie Ee ee EE ee et 72. Horpevum (p. 106). Spikelets 2 to many-flowered. Rachis of the spikes jointed, readily breaking KUTT Ge (ORNS. LL TG 2 dl Dales eee J 73. SITANION (p. 107). Rachis of the spikes continuous, not breaking ADEO JON 5 = Fes ee Eee AE. 74. E.ymus (p. 108). 1. TRIPSACUM L. Tall stout perennial with creeping rootstocks, broad flat leaves, and terminal digitate inflorescence, the spikes separating into joints at maturity; spikelets unisexual, the staminate in pairs at the joints of the rachis above, the pistillate solitary, embedded in each joint of the rachis below in the same inflorescence; glumes of the staminate spikelet subcoriaceous, those of the pistillate spikelet finally cartilaginous, the lemmas and paleas hyaline. 1. Tripsacum lanceolatum Rupr.; Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 68. 1886. ’ Type Locatiry: Aguas Calientes, Mexico. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico to southern Mexico. New Mexico: Guadalupe Canyon (£. C. Merton 2035). 2. TRACHYPOGON Nees. Rather tall perennials with narrow leaves and usually solitary, long-exserted racemes; spikelets 1-flowered, in pairs at the nodes of the imperfectly jointed rachis, one nearly sessile, awnless, sterile, the other pedicellate, fertile, long-awned; glumes rigid, the outer large and inclosing the other; lemmas produced into long twisted geniculate awns. 1. Trachypogon montufari (H. B. K.) Nees, Agrost. Bras. 342. 1829. Andropogon montufari H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 184, 1816. Tyre Locauity: “In aridis, apricis regni Quitensis prope Conocoto, Pintae et Vil- lam Chilloensem Montufari.”’ Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico and South eek New Mexico: Near White Water (Mearns 353). Dry hills. 8. ELYONURUS Humb. & Bonpl. Low or tall annuals or perennials with rather rigid leaves and solitary terminal racemes; spikelets 1-flowered, awnless; first glume rigid or subcoriaceous, 2-toothed at the apex, the margins inflexed, more or less ciliate, with balsam-bearing lines between the lateral keels, the second a little shorter than the first, acute; lemma delicate and hyaline; palea minute or none; stamens 3; styles distinct. 1. Elyonurus barbiculmis Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. 6: 339. 1889. Type LocaLity: Western Texas. Rance: Southern New Mexico and Arizona to western Texas and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Dog Spring ( Mearns 2376). Dry hills. 4, SCHIZACHYRIUM Nees. SaGe GRASs. Tall perennials, tufted or from rootstocks, with flat or involute leaves, and spikelike solitary racemes terminating the stem or its branches; spikelets in pairs at each node of the jointed and often hairy rachis, one sessile and fertile, the other pedicellate and sterile; glumes indurated, sometimes pubescent; lemma entire or 2-toothed at the apex, bearing a straight, contorted, or spiral awn; palea small, hyaline; stamens 1 to 3; styles distinct. 52576°—15——_4 50 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, KEY TO THE SPECIES, Hairs of the pedicels very few and short or none.-..-.-...-.-.-- 1. S. cirratum. Hairs of the pedicels long and silky, abundant. Peduncles long and slender, much exserted...........-.-- 2. S. neomexicanum. Peduncles short, stout, little if at all exserted..--.......-..- 3. S. scoparium. 1. Schizachyrium cirratum (Hack.) Woot. & Standl. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81: 30. 1912. | Andropogon cirratus Hack. Flora 1885: 119. 1885. | TYPE LOCALITY: Western Texas. RanGE: Mountains of southern New Mexico and Arizona and adjacent Mexico. ; New Mexico: Star Peak; near Silver City; Mangas Springs; Dog Spring. Upper | Sonoran Zone. 2. Schizachyrium neomexicanum Nash; Woot. & Standl. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. | Bull. 81: 29. 1912. . Andropogon neomexicanus Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 83. 1898. TyPE LocALIty: White Sands, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton. Rance: New Mexico. New Mexico: Crawfords Ranch; Organ Mountains; mountains west of Grants Station; White Sands; Buchanan. Plains and low hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 8. Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 59. 1903. Andropogon scoparius Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 57. 1803. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in aridis sylvarum Carolinae.”’ RanGE: British America to Texas, Florida, and Mexico. New Mexico: Coolidge; San Lorenzo; Pecos; Clayton; Trout Spring; Taos; Raton Mountains; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; White Mountains; Pecos Valley. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 5. AMPHILOPHIS Nash. Tufted perennials with mostly flat leaves and showy, often silvery, white panicles, the axis short, making the panicle appear fanlike, or elongated; racemes usually numerous, the mternodes with thickened margins, the median portion thin and translucent; pedicels ciliate with usually long hairs; first glume 2-keeled, the second 1-keeled; lemma hyaline, very narrow, stipelike, gradually merging into an awn; stamens 3; styles distinct. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Hairs on the rachis and pedicels shorter than the spikelets ...... 1. A. wrightii. Hairs on the rachis and pedicels longer than the spikelets. Awns 10 mm. long or less; panicles usually small........-- 2. A. saccharoides. Awns more than 10 mm. long; panicles large............-.-- 3. A. barbinodis. 1. Amphilophis wrightii (Hack.) Nash in Britton, Man. 71. 1901. Andropogon wrightti Hack. Flora 1885: 139. 1885. Tyre Loca.ity: ‘‘New Mexico.’’ Type collected by Wright (no. 2104). RancGE: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Hillsboro ( Metcalfe 1371). Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Amphilophis saccharoides (Swartz) Nash; Woot. & Standl. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81: 30. 1912. Andropogon saccharoides Swartz, Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 26. 1788. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. RANGE: Western Texas and southern Arizona to Mexico and the West Indies. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, ° 51 New Mexico: Mesilla Valley; Belen; Eagle Creek; Guadalupe Mountains; Lake- wood; Carlsbad. Mesas and valleys, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 3. Amphilophis barbinodis (Lag.) Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 65. 1903. Andropogon barbinodis Lag. Gen. & Sp. Nov. 3. 1816. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘H [abitat] in N [ova] H [ispania].”’ RANGE: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Las Vegas Canyon; Black Range; Silver City; Burro Mountains; Mesilla Valley; Organ Mountains; Nara Visa; Buchanan; Knowles; Carlsbad. Dry hills and mesas, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 6. ANDROPOGON L. TaAtt SAGE GRASS. Tall perennials, tufted or from elongated rootstocks, with flat or involute leaves and with spikelike racemes disposed in pairs or sometimes in 3’s or more, terminating the stem or its branches; spikelets sometimes with a ring of short hairs at the base, in pairs at each node of the jointed and often hairy rachis, one sessile and fertile, the other pedicellate and sterile; glumes indurated, often pubescent; lemma entire or 2-toothed at the apex, awned or sometimes awnless; palea small, hyaline; stamens 1 to 3; styles distinct. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Second lemma of the sessile spikelet awnless, or with a short pmeato hited Wane {5 tetera ahold tt h speed ont 1. A. hallit. Second lemma of the sessile spikelet with a long geniculate awn, more or less twisted at the base. Glumes of the sessile spikelet hispidulous all over; hairs of the rachis internodes 2 mm. long or less...-..........- 2. A. furcatus. Glumes of the sessile spikelet glabrous or nearly so except on the nerves; hairs of the rachis internodes 3 to 4 mm. DOTS Se cise ohare ia ae Hala, eine oe wicia orate oid a Rteeet ote 3. A. chrysocomus, 1. Andropogon hallii Hack. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Math. Naturw. (Wien) 89: 127. 1884. Type Loca.ity: Colorado. Rance: Montana and Nebraska to Kansas and Mexico. New Mexico: Near Portales; Buchanan; northeast of Clayton; mountains west of Las Vegas; Nara Visa; Arroyo Ranch. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Andropogon furcatus Muhl.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 919. 1806. Andropogon provincialis furcatus Hack. in DC. Monogr. Phan. 5: 442. 1889. TypPE LocaLity: ‘‘Habitat in America boreali.”’ Rance: British America to Florida and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Dulce. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Andropogon chrysocomus Nash in Britton, Man. 70. 1901. Type Locauity: Stevens County, Kansas.! Rance: Kansas and Texas to New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Plains and dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 7. HOLCUS L. Tall perennial with numerous long rootstocks, broad flat leaves, and large terminal panicles; spikelets in pairs or 3’s at the ends of the branches, one sessile and perfect, the others pedicellate and staminate, dorsally compressed, pubescent or glabrous; glumes indurated; lemma hyaline, awned or awnless; stamens 3; styles distinct. 1N. Amer. Fl. 17: 120. 1912. 52 ‘CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Holcus halepensis L. Sp. Pl. 1047. 1753. JOHNSON GRASS. Andropogon halepensis Brot. Fl. Lusit 1: 89. 1804. Sorghum halepense Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 101. 1805. Tyrer Locatity: ‘‘Habitat in Syria, Mauritania.” Rance: Native of the Old World, widely introduced into North America, frequent as a weed in cultivated fields. New Mexico: Nara Visa; Mangas Springs; Hillsboro; Gila; Deming; Mesilla Valley; Pecos Valley. This is common in several parts of New Mexico, especially in the irrigated river valleys. So far it has not been introduced into the valley of the San Juan, but it is well established in those of the Rio Grande and Pecos. In some parts of the State it has been cultivated for hay. Unfortunately it isa very troublesome weed, and in the Rio Grande Valley has become a dangerous pest in alfalfa fields, taking possession of them and crowding out the less aggressive alfalfa. 8. SORGHASTRUM Nash. INDIAN GRASS. Stout perennials with racemes arranged in open panicles; spikelets sessile at each joint of the slender rachis of the peduncled racemes, these reduced to 2 or 3 joints; sterile spikelets reduced to hairy pedicels; glumes indurated; sterile lemma hyaline, the fertile lemma reduced to hyaline appendages to the stout awn; palea obsolete. i. Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 66. 1903. Andropogon nutans L. Sp. Pl. 1045. 1753. Andropogon avenaceus Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 58. 1803. Sorghum nutans A. Gray, Man. 617. 1848. Type Locatiry: ‘‘Habitat in Virginia, Jamaica.”’ Rance: British America to Arizona and Florida. New Mexico: Tesuque; Las Vegas; Clayton; East View; Kingston; Rio Mimbres. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 9. HETEROPOGON Pers. Coarse perennial with narrow leaves, compressed sheaths, and terminal solitary dense racemes; spikelets 1-flowered, in pairs at the rachis nodes, one sessile and fertile, the other pedicellate and staminate or sterile; glumes firm, convolute, awnless; lemma small, hyaline, awned; palea small and hyaline, or wanting; stamens3; styles distinct. 1. Heteropogon contortus (L.) Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 836. 1817. Andropogon contortus L. Sp. Pl. 1045. 1753. Type Locatity: ‘‘Habitat in India.” Ranee: Arizona and New Mexico to Tropical America; in tropical lands nearly around the world. New Mexico: Hillsboro; Tortugas Mountain; Organ Mountains. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 10. NAZIA Adans. Diffusely branched annual with flat leaves and terminal spikelike inflorescence; spikelets in groups of 3 to several at each joint of the main axis, the uppermost in each fascicle sterile, 1-flowered; first glume minute or wanting; second glume rigid, exceeding the lemma, its back covered with hooked spines; lemma and palea hya- line; stamens 3; styles short and distinct; grain oblong, free. 1. Nazia aliena (Spreng.) Scribn. U. 8S. Dept: Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 177: 28. 1899. Lappago aliena Spreng. Neu. Entd. 3: 15. 1822. Tragus alienus Schult. Mant. 2: 205. 1824. Type Locauity: ‘‘Hab. in Brasilia.’’ WOOTON AND STANDLEY FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 53. RanGE: Western Texas and southern Arizona to Mexico, and throughout tropical America. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Mangas Springs; Lake Valley; Socorro; Dem- ing; Burro Mountains; Organ Mountains; Carrizozo. Dry sandy soil, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 11. HILARIA H. B. K. Cespitose or decumbent perennials, often stoloniferous, with flat or involute leaves and terminal solitary spikes; spikelets sessile, in groups of 3 at each joint of the flexu- ous continuous rachis, the groups falling off entire, the 2 outer or anterior spikelets staminate and 2 or 3-flowered, the posterior or inner one pistillate or hermaphrodite and 1-flowered; glumes firm, unequal, many-nerved, more or less connate below, entire at the apex or divided, usually unequally 2-lobed with 1 to several inter- mediate awns or awnlike divisions; lemmas narrow; stamens 3; styles united below; grain ovoid or oblong, free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Base of glumes with black or purplish glands....................- 1. H. cenchroides. Glumes not glandular. Glumes cuneate, awnless, the nerves divergent .......-..-...- 2. H. mutica. Glumes linear or oblong, awned, the nerves approximate. ..... 3. H. jamesit. 1. Hilaria cenchroides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 117. pl. 37. 1816. TEXAS CURLY MESQUITE GRASS. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Crescit in planitie montana regni Mexicani, inter Zelaya et Guanaxuato, locis subfrigidis, alt. 980 hexap.”’ Rance: Western Texas and southwestern New Mexico and southward. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Cook Spring. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. ; 2. Hilaria mutica (Buckl.) Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 62. 1881. TOBOSA GRASS. Pleuraphis mutica Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 95. 1863. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘ Northern Texas.”’ Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Common on the plains and low hills from the Black Range and White Mountains southward; also collected by Bigelow at Laguna Colorado. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. Tobosa grass is one of the most important range grasses on tke plains and mesas of southern New Mexico, being usually associated with black grama. Stock do not eat it after it has dried, because of its hard and somewhat woody stems, but they thrive upon it in late summer after the rains. It grows most frequently in flats that are sometimes flooded, being able to resist flooding for considerable periods. It is also very resist- ant to trampling. ° 3. Hilaria jamesii (Torr.) Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 62. 1881. GALLETA GRASS. Pleuraphis jamesit Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1: 148. pl. 10. 1824. Type Locauity: “‘On the high plains of the Trap Formation at the sources of the Canadian River,’’ Colorado or New Mexico. Type collected by James. Ranee: Wyoming and Nevada to Texas. New Mexico: Abundant on the plains from the Mogollon Mountains, Engle, and the White Mountains northward and eastward. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. Galleta grass occupies the same position in northern New Mexico as tobosa in the southern part. It is by far the most abundant and characteristic plant on the piains in the northwestern corner of the State, often forming practically pure stands for 54 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, many miles. It is probably the second most valuable range grass of New Mexico, being an excellent forage plant, very persistent, and not easily killed by overstocking. 12. VALOTA . aks. some Sete: Ate 1. P. obtusum. Spikelets panicled; plants without stolons. Leaf blades of two'sorts, those of the stems broad and short. Spikelets less than 3 mm. long; leaf blades thin; sheaths glabrous or sparsely hispid. . ED hs See ae Eee Spikelets more than 3 mm. long; leaf blades firm; “at least some of the sheaths hispid............... 3. P. scribnerianum. Leaf blades all alike. Annuals. Inflorescence of several more or less secund, spike- like racemes. Spikelets strongly reticulate-veined, glab- TOUS. 5 eee ce eee 6. M. rigida. Panicles narrow and spikelike. Arma ptogs cma high. 22sec coe ee a= ete 7. M. schaffneri. Perennials, mostly more than 15 cm. high. Glumes subulate; plants with leafy branches and long scaly rhizomes. Glumes about as long as the lemma, notawned. 8. M. mexicana. Glumes longer than the lemma, awned. Lemmas only slightly villous.........-.- 9. Lemmas covered with long white hairs.... 10. Glumes lanceolate to ovate; plants various. Lemmas awnless or with very short awns. Glumes under half as long as the lemmas.. 11. M. squarrosa. Glumes more than half as long as the racemosa. comata. SS lemmas. Glumes acute, not awned. Panicles on long peduncles. ......- - 15. M. thurberi. Panicles partly included in the Shesiis.: ccs daceeeecs 2c cere Us) meen. Glumes awned. Lemmas hairy below..........-..- 12. M. lemmoni. WOOTON AND STANDLEY——-FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 69 Lemmas scabrous or glabrous. DIMES OP LOR. SEL 13. M. wrightii. Panicles rather lax, tapering at the apex, less than 5 mm. Wideseeees Ue 2 erEL oe 14. M. cuspidata. Lemmas with conspicuous long awns. Leaf sheaths very broad at the base and papery, loose, not closely investing the stems. Second glume 3-toothed; lemma pubescent at the top........--. 17. M. trifida. Both glumes acute or acuminate; lem- mas pubescent only below....-- 18. M. virescens. Leaf sheaths not broad and papery, closely investing the stems. Spikelets on long slender pedicels. Second glume entire at the apex. 19. M. affinis. Second glume sharply 3 to 5- toothed/ie.. o2as.os5- 52-2 20: Mt. subalpine. Spikelets on short stout pedicels, or sessile. Awns about 5 mm. Jong; stems stout; internodes long..... 21. M. acuminata. Awns about 20 mm. long; stems slender, wiry; internodes SHOLeEAMeees eee toe eee Memonticola: 1. Muhlenbergia emersleyi Vasey, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 3: 66. 1892. Muhlenbergia vaseyana Scribn. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 10: 52. 1899. Type Locauiry: ‘‘ Rocky Cafion, Arizona.’’ Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Silver City; Mogollon Mountains; Santa Rita; Animas Valley; Organ Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Muhlenbergia porteri Scribn.; Beal, Grasses N. Amer. 2: 259. 1898. MESQUITE GRASS. TyPE LOCALITY: Texas. Rance: Colorado and western Texas to California and Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Albuquerque; Organ Mountains; Tortugas Moun- tain; Mesilla Valley; Dona Ana Mountains; Jarilla; Arroyo Ranch. Hills and mesas, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. Mesquite grass receives its name from the fact that, in the southern part of the State, where it is very common, it is nearly always found growing in the shade of mesquite bushes, its slender, lax stems often clambering over them. Cattle are very fond of it and will force their way into the mesquite to reach the grass. 3. Muhlenbergia pungens Thurb. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1863: 78. 1864. PURPLE HAIR GRASS. Type Locauity: Colorado. Rance: Utah and Nebraska to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Zuni Reservation; Chama River; Los Pilares; on the San Juan; White Sands. Sandhills and on plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 70 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 4. Muhlenbergia gracillima Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 155. 1856. ; Rine GRass. Type tocatity: “‘Llano Estacado, and near the Antelope hills of the Canadian River,’’ Texas or New Mexico. Type collected by Bigelow. RANGE: Colorado and Kansas to Texas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Nara Visa; El Rito Draw; Las Vegas; Albuquerque; Pecos; Roy; Clayton; Socorro; Santa Fe; Llano. Estacado; Mangas Springs; Buchanan; Deming; Dona Ana; Guadalupe Mountains; Fort Stanton; Gray. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This is very common on the plains of the northern part of the State. Its habit of growth is peculiar: the plants are low and form dense circular mats; ‘after a time the center of the mat dies and a sort of “fairy ring” is left. 5. Muhlenbergia arenicola Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 91. 1863. Type Locarity: ‘‘Arid places in Western Texas.”’ Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Deming; Redlands; Hope; Lake Arthur; Rio San Jose; near Suwanee; Gila Hot Springs; Arroyo Ranch; Jornada del Muerto. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 6. Muhlenbergia rigida (H. B. K.) Kunth, Rév. Gram. 1: 63. 1829. Podosaemum rigidum H, B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 129. 1816. Tyre Locauity: Near Guanajuato, Mexico. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Five miles east of San Lorenzo on Mimbres River ( Metcalfe 1447). 7. Muhlenbergia schaffneri Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 85. 1881. Type Locatity: “ Prope Tacubaya,’’ Mexico. Ranee: New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Trujillo Creek; Mogollon Creek; Organ Mountains. Dry slopes, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 8. Muhlenbergia mexicana (L.) Trin. Gram. Unifl. 189. 1824. Agrostis mexicana LL. Mant. Pl. 1: 31. 1767. Type Locautty: “ Habitat in America calidiore.”’ Ranee: British America to Tennessee and New Mexico; also in Mexico. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila; Winsors Ranch. Damp ground, in the Transition Zone. 9. Muhlenbergia racemosa (Michx.) B.S. P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 67. 1888. Agrostis racemosa Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 53. 1803. Polypogon glomeratus Willd. Enum. Pl. 87. 1809. Muhlenbergia glomerata Trin. Gram. Unifl. 191. 1824. Tyre Locauity: “ Habitat in ripis sabulosis inundatis fluminis Mississippi.” Ranee: British America to New Mexico, Missouri, and New Jersey. New Mexico: Cedar Hill; Dulce; Las Vegas; Pecos; Raton Mountains; Sandia Mountains; Mangas Springs; Animas Creek; Mesilla Valley; Little Creek; Gilmores Ranch. Damp woods, Lower Sonoran to Transition Zone. 10. Muhlenbergia comata (Thurb.) Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 83. 1881. Vaseya comata 'Thurb. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1868: 79. 1863. Type Locatity: “ Plains of Nebraska.”’ Rance: California to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch (Standley 4359). Open slopes, in the Transition Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW. MEXICO, 71 11. Muhlenbergia squarrosa (Trin.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 36: 531. 1909. Vilfa squarrosa Trin. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. VI. Sci. Nat. 31: 100. 1840. Tyre Locauiry: North America. Ranee: British America to California and Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Ensenada; Sandia Mountains; Rio Pueblo; Pecos; Grants Station. Transition Zone. 12. Muhlenbergia lemmoni Scribn. Conir. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 56. 1890. Type Locatity: Ballinger, Runnels County, Texas. Rance: Western Texas to Arizona and Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains (Wooton). Hillsides. 18. Muhlenbergia wrightii Vasey; Coulter, Man. Rocky Mount. 409. 1885. Typr Locauity: ‘“ New Mexico.’’ Ranae: Colorado to Mexico. New Mexico: Baldy; Johnsons Mesa; Trout Springs; El Rito Creek; Las Vegas; near Datil; near La Jara; Kingston; Winter Folly. Damp mountain slopes, in the Transition Zone. 14. Muhlenbergia cuspidata (Torr.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 599. 1905. Vilfa cuspidata Torr.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 238. 1839. Tyre Locauity: “ Banks of the Saskatchawan, near the Rocky Mountains.”’ Rance: British America to New Mexico and Missouri. New Mexico: Pecos; Cross L Ranch; Kingston. Open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 15. Muhlenbergia thurberi (Scribn.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 601. 1905. Sporobolus thurberi Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 11: 48. 1898. TypeE Locatity: Plaza Larga, New Mexico. Type collected by Bigelow. Rana@e: Colorado to New Mexico. New Mexico: Plaza Larga; Carrizo Mountains; Eagle Creek. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 16. Muhlenbergia repens (Presl) Hitchc. in Jepson, Fl. Calif. 1: 111. 1912. APAREJO GRASS. Sporobolus repens Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 241. 1830. Vilfa utilis Torr. U. 8S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 5: 365. 1857. Sporobolus utilis Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 17: 171. 1899. Muhlenbergia utilis Rydb.; Woot. & Standl. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81: 74, 1912. Type Locatity: Mexico. Ranee: Western Texas to southern California. New Mexico: Kingston; Mangas Springs; Salinas; Tularosa; Fort Bayard; Thorn- ton; Raton Mountains; Deming; Mesilla Valley. Plains and low hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. Aparejo grass receives its name from its use by the Mexicans in packing their ‘faparejos” or pads which are a substitute for pack saddles. It is a rather aggressive weed in the lower Rio Grande Valley, crowding out grasses and other plants. 17. Muhlenbergia trifida Hack. Repert. Nov. Sp. Fedde 8: 518. 1910. Type Locatity: Michoacan, Mexico. RanGe: Western Texas and Colorado to California and Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Johnsons Mesa; Raton Moun- tains; Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Grants Station; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Burro Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains; White Mountains. Open hills and in canyons, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 72 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 18. Muhlenbergia virescens (H. B. K.) Kunth, Rév. Gram. 1: 64. 1829. Podosaemum virescens H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 152. 1816. Type Locauity: ‘‘Crescit locis asperis, excelsis regni Mexicani prope Santa Rosa de la Sierra et Puerto de Varientos, alt. 1350 hexap.”’ Ran@eE: Arizona and New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Northwestern New Mexico (Palmer); Ben More (Bigelow). Moun- tains, in the Transition Zone. 19. Muhlenbergia affinis Trin. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. VI. 67: 301. 1845. Muhlenbergia metcal fi Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 12. 1912. Type Locauity: ‘‘Toluco,’’ Mexico. RanGeE: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Santa Rita Mountain; Fort Bayard; Filmore Canyon; Mangas Springs; near Silver City. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. _ The type of M. metcalfi (metcalfei?) is Metcalfe’s 1485, from Santa Rita Mountain, 20. Muhlenbergia subalpina Vasey, Descr. Cat. Grasses U. 8. 40. 1885. Muhlenbergia gracilis breviaristata Vasey in Wheeler, Rep. U. 8. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 284. 1874. Type Locauity: Twin Lakes, Colorado. Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico. New Mexico: Northern New Mexico (George Vasey). Mountains, in the Transition Zone. 21. Muhlenbergia acuminata Vasey, Bot. Gaz. 11: 337. 1886. Type Locauity: ‘‘New Mexico.’’ Type collected by Wright (no. 1993). Rance: Western Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Kingston; Mangas Springs; Filmore Canyon. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 22. Muhlenbergia monticola Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 91. 1863. Muhlenbergia neomexicana Vasey, Bot. Gaz. 11: 337. 1886. Muhlenbergia pringlei Scribn. Trans. N. Y. Acad. 14: 25. 1894. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Northwestern Texas.”’ RANGE: Western Texas to Arizona and Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Albuquerque; Watrous; Grant; Mangas Springs; Kingston; Reserve; Dog Spring; Socorro; Organ Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains; White Mountains. Dry slopes, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The type of M. neomexicana was collected in New Mexico. 27. ORYZOPSIS Michx. Slender perennials with flat or involute leaves and loosely flowered, spreading or narrow panicles; spikelets 1-flowered, hermaphrodite; rachilla jointed above the glumes and not produced behind the palea, usually extended below the lemma into a short obtuse callus; glumes nearly equal, obtuse or acuminate; lemma a little shorter than the glumes, rather broad, cartilaginous, terminated by a slender deciduous awn; grain free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Lemmas covered with long silky hairs, these much exceeding them Wa Roy tes Ao emia e kala of ei pa es ee ead (Ptr den Ale ee rao ale 1. O. hymenioides. Lemmas glabrous or short-pubescent. Leaves slender, involute; spikelets small, 2.5 to 4mm. long.. 2. O. micrantha. Leaves broad and flat; spikelets large, 6 to 8 mm. long...... 3. O. asperifolia. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 73 1. Oryzopsis hymenioides (Roem..& Schult.) Ricker, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11: 109. 1906. ; SAND BUNCHGRASS. Stipa hymenioides Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 339. 1817. Eriocoma cuspidata Nutt. Gen. Pl. 1: 40. 1818. Oryzopsis cuspidata Benth.; Vasey, U. S. Dept. Agr. Spec. Rep. 63: 23. 1883. Type tocatiry: “Ad litora fluvii Missouri.”’ RANGE: Washington and Alberta to Nebraska and Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo and Tunitcha mountains; Farmington; Tierra Amarilla; Santa Fe; Canjilon; Ramah; Zuni; Pecos; Torrance; Albuquerque; Reserve; Mesilla; White Sands. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. The seeds of this grass were formerly gathered and used for food by the Zuni. The ground seeds were eaten alone, or mixed with corn meal and made into dumplings. 2. Oryzopsis micrantha (Trin. & Rupr.) Thurb. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1863: 78. 1863. Urachne micrantha Trin. & Rupr. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. VI. Sci. Nat. 5': 16. 1842. Type Locauity: North America. RanGeE: Montana and Saskatchewan to Nebraska, Arizona, and Mexico. New Mexico: Raton; Sierra Grande; Tierra Amarilla; Manguitas Spring; Canjilon; Coolidge; Glorieta; Raton Mountains; Santa Fe; Pecos. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 51, 1803. MOUNTAIN RICE. Urachne asperifolia Trin. Gram. Unifl. 1: 174. 1824. Type Locatity: ‘“‘Hab. a sinu Hudsonis ad Quebec, per tractus montium.”’ Ranae: British America to New Mexico and Pennsylvania. New Mexico: Winsor Creek (Standley 4206). Deep woods, in the Canadian and Hudsonian zones. 28. PHLEUM L. Trmoruy. Perennials with simple erect culms, flat leaves, and dense, terminal, cylindrical or oblong, spikelike panicles; spikelets 1-flowered; rachilla jointed above the glumes, not prolonged beyond the floret; glumes 2, compressed-carinate, equal, usually ciliate on the keels, abruptly mucronate or shortly awn-pointed; lemma shorter than the glumes, thin, truncate, awnless, rather loosely inclosing the grain; stamens 3; styles distinct. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Spikes elongate-cylindric; awns less than half as long as the glumes... 1. Spikes short, ovoid or oblong; awns about half as long as the glumes... 2. 1. Phleum pratense L. Sp. Pl. 59. 1753. TIMOTHY. Type Locauity: “‘Habitat in Europae versuris & pratis.’’ RancGE: Fields and meadows nearly throughout North America, introduced from Europe and often cultivated for hay; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Chama; Raton; Cedar Hill; Fort Bayard; Santa Fe; Ruidoso Creek; Gilmores Ranch. 2. Phleum alpinum L. Sp. Pl. 59. 1753. MouNTAIN TIMOTHY. Type Locauity: “Habitat in Alpibus.”’ Rance: Alaska and British America to California, Arizona, and New Hampshire; also in Europe and South America. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. Meadows, Canadian to Arctic-Alpine Zone. 29. ALOPECURUS L. Marsa roxtTam. P. pratense. P. alpinum. Annuals or perennials with erect or ascending culms, flat leaves, and densely flowered cylindrical spikelike terminal panicles; spikelets 1-flowered, strongly flat- tened ; rachilla jointed below the glumes; glumes equal, awnless, more or less ciliate, 74 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, especially along the keel, usually connate at the base; lemma obtuse, hyaline, usually awned on the back, the margins connate near the base, forming a short tube; palea none; stamens 3; styles usually distinct. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Spikelets about 3 mm. long; lemma shorter than the glumes...... - 1. A. aristulatus. Spikelets 6 to 7 mm. long; lemma longer than the glumes......... 2. A. agrestis. 1. Alopecurus aristulatus Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 45. 1803. Alopecurus geniculatus aristulatus Torr. Fl. North & Mid. U. 8. 1: 97. 1824. Type Locauity: ‘‘Hab. in paludosis Canadae.”’ Rance: British America to California, New Mexico, and Florida. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Cedar Hill; Chama; Ramah; Gallo Spring; Taos; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Rio Mimbres; White and Sacramento mountains. Wet soil, often about the edge of water, in the Transi- tion Zone. 2. Alopecurus agrestis L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 89. 1762. SLENDER FOXTAIL. Tyre tocauity: ‘Habitat in Europa australi.”’ Rance: Native of Europe and Asia; introduced in many places in the United States. New Mexico: Agricultural College (Cockerell). 30. EPICAMPES Presl. Tall perennials with very long spikelike many-flowered panicles; spikelets small, 1-flowered; glumes membranaceous, slightly unequal, convex on the back, carinate, often finely 3-nerved; lemmas 3-nerved, obtuse or emarginate, a little shorter than or about equaling the glumes, tipped with a slender, usually short awn; stamens 3; styles short, distinct; grain included within the lemmas, free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Entoressence-smikelike pe: se .obet eee bul. er cueby. texdh Ae besoin: 1. E. rigens. indiorescence. paniculatie «ins! = 2c cig 1d aks Jo orga: SSetau. Ya iae 2. E. stricta. 1. Epicampes rigens Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 88. 1881. Tyre LocaA.ity: California. Rance: Western Texas to Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Berendo Creek; Mogollon Creek; Mangas Springs; Deming. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Epicampes stricta Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 235. pl. 39. 1830. TypPE Locauity: Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and southward. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila; Crawfords Ranch; Silver City; near White Water; Socorro; Organ Mountains. Dry hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 381. BLEPHARONEURON Nash. Tufted perennial with flat leaves and loosely flowered open panicles; spikelets 1-flowered; glumes l-nerved, glabrous, the second about as long as the lemma, this 3-nerved, the nerves densely pilose for nearly their whole length, the midnerve often excurrent at the apex; palea as long as the lemma, 2-nerved, densely pilose between the nerves; stamens 3; styles 2, distinct. 1. Blepharoneuron tricholepis (Torr.) Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 88. 1898. Vilfa tricholepis Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 155. 1856. Sporobolus tricholepis Coulter, Man. Rocky Mount. 411. 1885. Type Locauity: Sandia Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Bigelow. RanGe: Utah and Colorado to Arizona and Mexico. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 75 New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Coolidge; Horsethief Canyon; Albuquerque; Johnsons Mesa; Rio Pueblo; Trout Spring; Raton Mountains; Chama; Sandia Moun- tains; Fort Bayard; Mangas Springs; Socorro. Open slopes, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 82. SPOROBOLUS R. Br. DropseEep. Annuals or perennials with small spikelets; spikelets 1-flowered, pedicellate, in narrow or broad panicles; glumes rounded or slightly keeled, awnless, obscurely nerved or nerveless, usually unequal; lemma equaling or exceeding the glumes, not awned; palea as long as the lemma or longer; stamens 3; styles short, distinct. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Panicles narrow, spikelike. Plants tall, robust, 1 meter high, erect... SS wae 1. S. giganteus. Plants low, slender, 60 cm. hich or less, porcine or pieced CIV Dip SS aa Ap gfe te ety 7-7 DSN 2 ey SPR ear 2. S. strictus. Panicles branched and spreading. Peete SUC) ISTE OF LORS: Ae ors ining pe ae he aes 3. S. confusus. Perennials, usually more than 20 cm. hieh, Plants with long scaly rootstocks; glumes about equal. Panicles 8 cm. long or less; stems rigid although slen- Bote mening st ee ho Aaee cise Woe Tee 4. S. auriculatus. Panicles 13 to 20 cm. long; stems weak, often elon- “EST | Tag 2 Ne aE 5. S. asperifolius. Plants without long scaly rootstocks; glumes very unequal. Sheaths naked or sparingly ciliate in the throat. Plants 30 cm. high or less; spikelets long-pedi- cellate; sheaths villous.......-.......-.- 6. S. teranus. Plants more than 50 em. high; spikelets short- pedicellate; sheaths not villous. Plants less than 90 em. high; panicles open, with comparatively few spikelets; glumes nerved. . . 7. S. atroides. Plants 100 to 180 em. Riche nae ee tee narrow, with very numerous spikelets; pines. ALOT MERVOG sods Wis GEO. sods als 8. S. wrightii. Sheaths with a conspicuous tuft of hairs in the throat. Sheaths pubescent; leaf blades divergent; pani- cles 8 em. long or less; plants not more than SOT ICN, VASO OPe . 42... Lae ee 5 9. S. nealleyt. Sheaths almost or quite glabrous; leaf blades not divergent; panicles 15 to 30 cm. long or more; plants mostly 60 cm. high or more, stout. Panicles exserted, spreading, sometimes somewhat nodding, the lower branches about as long as the upper ones... .-- 12. S. flexuosus. Panicles mostly included in the sheaths, rarely if at all spreading, the lower branches longer than the upper. Lemmas about equaling the glumes, acute to obtuse, less than 2 mm. Tee gD el Oe Ce © Re 10. S. eryptandrus; Lemmas much longer than glumes, long- acuminate, 5 to 6 mm. long...-..- 11. S. asper. 76 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 1. Sporobolus giganteus Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 88. 1898. SANDHILL DROPSEED. Sporobolus cryptandrus giganteus Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 11. 1912. Tyre LocaLity: On the White Sands, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 394). RANGE: Southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Gila Hot Springs; Socorro; Sabinal; Mesilla Valley; White Sands; south of Carrizozo; Arroyo Ranch. Sandhills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 2. Sporobolus strictus (Scribn.) Merr. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Cire. 32: 6. 1901. Sporobolus cryptandrus strictus Scribn. Bull. Torrey Club 9: 103. 1882. Tyre Locauity: Banks of the Rillita, near Camp Lowell, Arizona. RanGe: Colorado to Arizona and Mexico. New Mexico: Throughout the State except in the southeastern corner. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 8. Sporobolus confusus (Fourn.) Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 15: 293. 1888. Vilfa confusa Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 101. 1881. Type Locatity: ‘‘In devexis arenosis montis ignivomi Jorullo,’’ Mexico. Rance: Washington to Texas and Mexico. New Mexico: Ensenada; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Mogollon Moun- tains; Mangas Springs; Black Range; San Luis Mountains; Animas Valley; Tortu- gas Mountain; Organ Mountains; White Mountains. Dry hills and canyons, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 4. Sporobolus auriculatus Vasey, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 3: 64. 1892. Type Loca.ity: Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Cross L Ranch; Farmington; Chama; Deming; Socorro; Carrizozo; White Sands; Chosa Springs; Lake Arthur; Hope; Roswell; Dona Ana Mountains. Plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 5. Sporobolus asperifolius (Nees & Mey.) Thurber in 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 269. 1880. Vilfa asperifolia Nees & Mey. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. VI. Sci. Nat. 41: 95. 1840. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Chile; Rio Mayno; Copiapo.”’ RANGE: British America to California, New Mexico, and Missouri; also in South America. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Carrizo Mountains; Cedar Hill; Dulce; Pecos; Ala- millo; Kingston; Mangas Springs; Mesilla Valley; Roswell; White Sands; Dona Ana Mountains. Valleys and plains, often in alkaline soil, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 6. Sporobolus texanus Vasey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 57. 1890. Type Locatiry: Screw Bean, Presidio County, Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Carlsbad; along the Pecos near Roswell. Dry plains. 7. Sporobolus airoides Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 7%: 21. 1856. BUNCHGRABS. Agrostis airoides Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1: 151. 1824. Type Locaity: ‘‘On the branches of the Arkansas, near the Rocky Mountains,”’ Colorado. RaneeE: Washington and Nebraska to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Aztec; McCarthys Station; Santa Fe; Ojo Caliente; Algodones; Belen; Zuni; Socorro; Cliff; Mangas Springs; Mesilla Valley; White Sands. Open plains and dry slopes, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 77 One of the important range grasses of the State, on the plains. It is able to endure considerable amounts of alkali. 8. Sporobolus wrightii Munro; Scribn. Bull. Torrey Club 9: 103. 1882. Sacaton. Type tocatiry: Near Pantano, Arizona. Ranee: Western Texas to southern Colorado and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Socorro; Fort Bayard; Dog Spring; Deming; Mangas Springs; Gila Hot Springs; Las Vegas; Buchanan; Carrizozo; Carlsbad. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. An important range grass. Both this and the preceding are often cut for hay. 9. Sporobolus nealleyi Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 15: 49. 1888, name only; Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 1: 57. 1890. NEALLEY’S DROPSEED. Type LocALity: Brazos Santiago, Texas. RANGE: Western Texas to New Mexico. rs New Mexico: Pecos; near Suwanee; Las Cruces; White Sands; Round Mountain; plains 35 miles south of Torrance; Roswell. Dry plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 10. Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) A. Gray, Man. 576. 1848. Agrostis cryptandrus Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 1: 151. 1824. Type LocaLity: ‘On the Canadian River,’’ Colorado? RANGE: Washington and Maine to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Common throughout the State. Plains and dry slopes, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 11. Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth, Enum. Pl. 1: 210. 1833. Agrostis asper Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 52. 1803. Type Locauity: “ Habitat in collibus rupibusque regionis I]linoensis.’’ Rance: Minnesota and Nebraska to New England, south to Texas and Florida. New Mexico: Pecos (Standley 5313). Open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 12. Sporobolus flexuosus (Thurb.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 82: 601. 1905. Sporobolus cryptandrus fleruosus Thurb. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 3: 62. 1892. Type tocauity: “Dry western plains, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona to Texas.’ Ranae: Nevada to Texas and Mexico. “New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Farmington; Socorro; Albuquerque; Deming; Tortugas Mountain; White Sands; Mesilla Valley; Organ Mountains. Sandy soil, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 33. POLYPOGON Desf. Brarparass. Mostly annuals with decumbent or erect stems, flat leaves, and densely flowered terminal panicles; spikelets 1-flowered, hermaphrodite; glumes nearly equal, usually broader above, entire or 2-lobed, awned; lemma much smaller than the glumes, thin, hyaline, entire, emarginate, or bifid, awned, the awn slender, straight, or geniculate and twisted below; stamens | to 3; styles short, distinct; stigmas plumose; grain free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Glumes notched at the apex; awns very long, concealing the Ppl SLBe os oa o2.a4 oo SR Pee 1. P. monspeliensis. Glumes attenuate at the apex; awns short, not concealing the BTM ees eee ae o es neeaeha ag oS are hae. De! 2b 82 2. P. littoralis. 1. Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. Fl. Atlant. 1: 67. 1800. Alopecurus monspeliensis L. Sp. Pl. 61. 1753. Type Locauity: ‘“‘ Habitat Monspelii,”’ 78 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Range: British America to Mexico; also in Europe. New Mexico: Shiprock; Farmington; Sandia Mountains; Albuquerque; Socorro; Kingston; Mangas Springs; Mesilla Valley; Fort Bayard; Alamogordo. In wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. Polypogon littoralis (With.) J. E. Smith, Comp. FI. Brit. ed. 2. 13. 1816. Agrostis littoralis With. Bot. Arr. Veg. Brit. ed. 3. 2: 129. 1796. Type Locauity: “ Wells, on the Norfolk coast,’’ England. RANGE: British America to California and New Mexico and the Gulf Coast; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Berendo Creek; Albuquerque; Alamogordo; Carrizo Mountains. Wet ground. 84. CINNA L. Woop REED GRASS. Tall perennials with numerous flat leaves and with many-flowered nodding panicles; spikelets 1-flowered; rachilla jointed below the glumes as well as above them, produced below the floret into a short smooth stipe and usually extending behind the palea as a slender naked bristle; lemmas similar to the glumes, 3-nerved, obtuse, usually with a very short subterminal awn; palea apparently l-nerved, keeled; stamen 1; styles short, distinct; grain free. 1. Cinna latifolia (Trevir.) Griseb. in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 4: 435. 1853. Agrostis latifolia Trevir.; Gépp. Beschr. Bot. Gart. Breslau 82. 1830. Cinna pendula Trin. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. VI. Sci. Nat. 4!: 280. 1841. Type Locauity: Not ascertained. Rance: Alaska and British America to Oregon, New Mexico, and North Carolina. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains (Wooton). Transition Zone. 35. AGROSTIS L. Annuals or usually perennials with small spikelets in open panicles; spikelets 1-flowered; rachilla jointed above the glumes, not produced beyond the floret; glumes equal or nearly so, acute, longer than the floret; lemma rather broad, less firm than the glumes, usually obtuse, awnless or with a slender dorsal awn; palea hyaline, much shorter than the lemma or wanting; stamens 3; grain inclosed in the lemma but free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Panicles dense or very narrow. Culms decumbent at the base, with long creeping stolons rooting at the nodes; panicles short and thick............-..... 1. A. stolonifera. Culms erect, without stolons; panicles long and narrow....... 2. A. evarata. Panicles loose and spreading. ranches of the panicle 7 to 10 cm. long..-....---..------+« 3. A. hiemalis. Branches of the panicle 4 to 6 cm. long. Palea minute and inconspicuous.........-...-...---.----- 4. A. idahoensis. Palea half as long as the Jemma. Lemma usually not awned; branches of the panicle apcending. . [2 2c 0h ie ies ees come 5. A. alba. Lemma with an awn of about the same length; branches of the panicle spreading or reflexed.......-.---- 6. A. rose. 1. Agrostis stolonifera L. Sp. Pl. 62. 1753. WATER BENTGRASS. Agrostis verticillata Vill. Prosp. PJ. Dauph. 16. 1779. Tyre Locauity: ‘“ Habitat in Europa.’’ RANGE: California and Texas to Mexico; also in South America, Europe, and Asia. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Farmington; Sandia Mountains; Santa Fe; Las WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 79 Vegas Hot Springs; Burro Mountains; Socorro; Fort Bayard; Berendo Creek; Rincon; Cloverdale; Mesilla Valley; Organ Mountains; Malones Ranch; Roswell. Wet ground and borders of streams, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. Agrestis exarata Trin. Gram. Unifl. 207. 1824. Type tocauity: “ Unalaschka.”’ Rance: Alaska and British America to Mexico; also in Siberia. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Ramah; Winsor Creek; Pecos; Rio Pueblo; Las Vegas; Cross L Ranch; Fort Bayard; Rio Mimbres; Chiz; Lower Plaza; Deming; Santa Fe; Burro Mountains; Organ Mountains; Gilmores Ranch. Wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 3. Agrostis hiemalis (Walt.) B.S. P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 68. 1888. HAIR GRASS. Cornucopiae hiemalis Walt. Fl. Carol. 73. 1788. Agrostis scabra Willd. Sp. Pl. 1:370. 1799. Type Locauity: Carolina. Rance: Throughout most of North America. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Grants Station; Inscription Rock; Mogollon Mountains; Mimbres River; White and Sacramento mountains. Meadows and woods, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 4. Agrostis idahoensis Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 42. 1897. Agrostis tenuis Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 10: 21. 1883, not Sibth. 1794. Tyre Locatity: Forest, Nez Perces County, Idaho. RANGE: Washington and Montana to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: El Rito Creek ( Wooton 2989). Damp woods, in the Transition Zone. 5. Agrostis alba L. Sp. Pl. 63. 1753. REDTOP. Type Locauity: “‘ Habitat in Europae nemoribus.”’ RanGe:. British America, southward to Mexico. New Mexico: El Rito Creek; Santa Fe; Albuquerque; Zuni Reservation; Indian Creek; Farmington; Cedar Hill; Fort Bayard; Animas Creek; White Mountains. Wet meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 6. Agrostis rosei Scribn. & Merr. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 24: 21. 1901. TYPE LOCALITY: Sierra Madre, Zacatecas, Mexico. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico to central Mexico. New Mexico: Cloverdale (Mearns 462). 36. CALAMAGROSTIS Adans. REED BENTGRASS. Tall perennials with small spikelets in many-flowered terminal panicles; spikelets 1-flowered; rachilla produced above the floret into a short, usually hairy pedicel or bristle; glumes nearly equal, awnless, usually exceeding the lemma; lemma sur- rounded at the base by numerous hairs, these sometimes equaling or exceeding it in length, awned on the back usually from below the middle; palea more than half the length of the lemma, faintly 2-nerved; stamens 3; styles distinct; grain inclosed by the lemma and palea and more or less adherent. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Panicles open, the lower branches spreading or drooping; spikelets SRCCRISNE omad- ese Poe a cisyag he TAT OR oe Ue ates 1. C. canadensis. Panicles dense, the branches erect or ascending; spikelets strongly Cin ENTER UT pO c Seca hk eh Spend. Bo ek, 2 ts ete 2. C. hyperborea americana, 80 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 15. 1812. Arundo canadensis Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 73. 1803. TYPE LocALITYy: Canada. Rance: British America to Oregon, New Mexico, Ohio, and New Jersey. New Mexico: Ponchuelo Creek; Winsor Creek. Wet ground, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 2. Calamagrostis hyperborea americana Vasey; Kearney, U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 11: 41. 1898. Deyeuxia neglecta americana Vasey; Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 4: 206. 1888. TypPE LocALITy: Donald, Columbia Valley, British Columbia. Rance: British America to Oregon, New Mexico, and Vermont. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Harveys Upper Ranch. Damp woods, in the Canadian Zone. 37. CALAMOVILFA Scribn. SAND GRAss. Rather tall rigid perennials with loosely spreading panicles; spikelets 1-flowered; rachilla jointed above the glumes but not prolonged beyond the floret, the callus densely bearded; glumes laterally compressed, keeled, chartaceous, awnless, unequal, acute; lemma l-nerved, acute; stamens 3; styles distinct. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Panicle branches erect; spikelets about 6 mm. long.............---- 1. C. longifolia. Panicle branches spreading; spikelets 8 mm. long.............-.---- 2. C. gigantea. 1. Calamovilfa longifolia (Hook.) Hack. True Grasses 113. 1890. Calamagrostis longifolia Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 241. 1840. Type Locauity: ‘‘Saskatchawan.”’ RANGE: British America to New Mexico and Indiana. New Mexico: Near Texline (Griffiths 5650). Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Calamovilfa gigantea (Nutt.) Scribn. & Merr. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Cire. 35: 2. 1901. Calamagrostis gigantea Nutt. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 5: 143. 1837. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the sandy banks of Great Salt river of the Arkansas.”’ Rance: Sandy soil, Kansas to Arizona. New Mexico: A single specimen seen, without definite locality. 38. DANTHONIA DC. Wt oaT GRASS. Low cespitose perennials with simple, spreading or narrow panicles; spikelets several- flowered, the uppermost flower imperfect or rudimentary; rachilla jointed above the glumes; glumes 2, much exceeding the lemmas, these rounded on the back, 2-toothed or bifid, awned between the teeth, the awn formed by an extension of the 3 middle nerves of the lemma. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Lemmas pubescent only on the margin and at the base...........-- 1. D. intermedia. Lemmas pubescent on the back as well as on the margin. Glumen tone 2mm. long... sos. cee eee ae ee eee 2. D. parryi. Glumes:10 mm Jone or less. .....<5-aj<« desplveeaee seer Seek 3. D. spicata. 1. Danthonia intermedia Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 10: 52. 1883. Type tocauity: ‘‘California, Rocky Mountains, Plains of British America to Mount Albert, Lower Canada.’’ Rance: British America to California and New Mexico. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 81 New Mexico: Horsethief Canyon (Standley 4880). Meadows, in the Canadian Zone. 2. Danthonia parryi Scribn. Bot. Gaz. 21: 133. 1896. Type Locauity: Colorado. RanGE: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Grass Mountain (Standley 4371). Meadows, in the Canadian Zone. 8. Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv.; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 690. 1817. Avena spicata L. Sp. Pl. 80. 1753. Type Ltocauity: ‘Habitat in Pennsylvania.”’ Rance: British America to New Mexico, Louisiana, and North Carolina. New Mexico: Harveys Upper Ranch; West Fork of the Gila. Damp woods, in the Canadian Zone, 39. AVENA L. Oars. Annuals or perennials with rather large spikelets variously paniculate; spikelets 2 to 6-flowered; rachilla jointed above the glumes, bearded below the lemmas; glumes 2, unequal, membranaceous, longer than the lemmas, these rounded on the back, 5 to 9-nerved, often bidentate at the apex, with a long dorsal twisted awn; grain pubes- cent, at least at the apex, frequently adherent to the lemma or palea. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Glumes shorter than the lemmas; panicles lax, somewhat nodding; femimannainy Bt the DAGC a. 2.2 oso a= oa 2 oe a oo mye ape ww vlna eal + a 1. A. striata. Glumes longer than the lemmas; panicles open; lemmas often hairy up PAMPB CO DARE Gia AMM sta aca tee eet ea cas Sea Sa pes op he Seen es 2. A. fatua. 1. Avena striata Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 73. 1803. Type Locatity: ‘“‘Hab. in sinu Hudsonis per tractus montium ad Canadam.’’ Rance: British America to New Mexico and Pennsylvania. New Mexico: Ponchuelo Creek (Standley 4185). Meadows, in the Canadian Zone. 2. Avena fatua L. Sp. Pl. 80. 1753. WILD OATS. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in Europae agris inter segetes.”’ Rance: Native of Europe and Asia, widely introduced into the United States; especially common in grain fields. New Mexico: Shiprock; Carrizo Mountains; Dulce; Cedar Hill; Cleveland; Taos; Pecos; Mora. 40. DESCHAMPSIA Beauv. Annuals or perennials with flat or convolute leaves and rather small shining spikelets in terminal or lateral, narrow or loose panicles; spikelets mostly 2-flowered; rachilla hairy, jointed above the glumes and prolonged beyond the upper floret as a hairy bristle; glumes 2, thin and scarious, acute or obtuse, nearly equal; lemmas subhyaline, 4-nerved, truncate and more or less regularly 2 to 4-toothed, awned on the back, the awn slender, twisted below; palea narrow, 2-nerved; grain oblong, free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Plants low, 20 to 40 cm. high; glumes 4 mm. long; awns much longer Taeee Me LeMINAS ee. eh NaS) SLI CRE SGA EASA SE ORR 1. D. alpicola. Plants tall, 60 to 100 cm.; ae 3 to 3.5 mm. Pade awns little if at all longer than ine lemmas. . ABR sci poahe . 2. D. caespitosa, 1. Deschampsia alpicola Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 601. 1905. Type Locauity: Mountain meadows, Pikes Peak, Colorado. Rance: Wyoming and Utah to northern New Mexico. 52576°—15—— 6 82 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, New Mexico: Truchas Peak; El Rito Creek; Las Vegas Range; near the head of the Nambe. Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 2. Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 91, 160. 1812. Aira cespitosa L. Sp. Pl. 64. 1753. Typre Locauity: ‘Habitat in Europae pratis cultis & fertilibus.”’ Rance: Arctic America to California, Arizona, Illinois, and New Jersey; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: North of Ramah; Chama; Tunitcha Mountains; Harveys Upper Ranch; Rio Pueblo; Spirit Lake; Silver Spring Canyon. Meadows, Transition to Hudsonian Zone. 41. TRISETUM Pers. FatseE oats. Cespitose perennials or rarely annuals, with flat leaves and dense, spikelike or narrow, loose panicles; spikelets 2-(rarely 3 to 5-)flowered; rachilla hairy or naked, jointed above the glumes and between the florets, produced beyond the upper flower as a usually hairy bristle; glumes 2, awnless, carinate, unequal, usually longer than the lemmas; lemmas subhyaline, carinate, cleft or 2-toothed at the apex, the teeth sometimes produced into slender awns, awned between or a little below the teeth: awns twisted and usually geniculate; palea narrow, 2-toothed; grain smooth, free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Panicles slender, interrupted; plants slender...........---.-...- 1. T. interruptum. Panicles dense and crowded, not interrupted; plants stout. Leaf blades and sheaths long-hairy; upper part of the stem densely pubescent........-..-..------- z - 3. T. spicatum. Leaf blades and sheaths glabrous or the lowest lean te pubescent with reflexed hairs; stems glabrous or slightly scabrous in the inflorescence........-.--.---- 2. T. montanum. 1. Trisetum interruptum Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 100. 1863. Type Locauity: Middle Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Bishops Cap (Wooton). Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Trisetum montanum Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 13: 118. 1886. Type Locauity: Not stated. Rance: Wyoming to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; Cowles; Rio Pueblo; mountains near Las Vegas; Eagle Creek. Meadows, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 8. Trisetum spicatum (L.) Richt. Pl. Eur. 1: 59. 1890. Aira spicata L. Sp. Pl. 63. 1753. Aira subspicata L. Syst. Veg. ed. 10. 873. 1759. Trisetum subspicatum Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 88. 1812. Type Locauiry: ‘Habitat in Lapponiae Alpibus.’’ Rance: Arctic America to California, New Mexico, and New Hampshire; also in Europe. New Mexico: Pecos Baldy; Truchas Peak; Jemez Mountains. Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 42. BULBILIS Raf. Burrato Grass. Creeping or stoloniferous perennial with narrow flat leaves and unlike staminate and pistillate flowers borne on the same or different plants; staminate spikelets 2 or 3-flowered, sessile in 2 rows along the short one-sided spikes, the glumes obtuse, unequal, the lemmas larger, 3-nerved, the palea 2-nerved; stamens 3; pistillate spikelets 1-flowered, in nearly capitate one-sided spikes scarcely exserted from the WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 83 broad sheaths of the upper leaves, the glumes 2, or the first sometimes wanting, 3-toothed at the apex, the lemma narrow, hyaline, entire or bifid at the apex; styles distinct; grain free, 1. Bulbilis dactyloides (Nutt.) Raf.; Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 763. 1891. Sesleria dactyloides Nutt. Gen. Pl. 1: 65. 1818. Buchloe dactyloides Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 1: 432. 1859. Tyre Locauiry: ‘‘On the open grassy plains of the Missouri.’’ Rance: North Dakota and Minnesota to Arkansas and Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Nara Visa; Raton; Santa Fe; Coolidge; Pecos; Logan; Buchanan; Mesilla Park. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 43. LEPTOCHLOA Beauv. Mostly tall annuals with flat leaves and elongated simple panicles composed of numerous more or less spreading, slender spikes scattered along the main axis; spike- lets 2 to several-flowered, sessile in 2 rows along one side of the slender and often numerous branches; rachilla jointed above the glumes, these 2-keeled, awnless or very short-awned; lemmas carinate, 3-nerved, acute, awnless or very short-awned or 2 or 3-toothed, mucronate or short-awned between the teeth; palea 2-keeled. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Spikelets 2.5 mm. long or less, broad, 2 to 4-flowered. STU Sg re SS ee, ee ee eo Ok 1. L. filiformis. REBEL ise es eT eS SUL Ae AS LL 2. L. nealleyi. Spikelets 3 mm. long or more, narrow, 5 to 12-flowered. Lemmas pubescent at the base; annual.................--.--- 3. L. fascicularis. Lemmas alabrous; perennial... 6.420.220 gl eisie5.... 2. 4, L, dubia. 1. Leptochloa filiformis (Lam.) Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 71. 1812. Festuca filiformis Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 1: 191. 1791. Eleusine mucronata Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 65. 1803. Leptochloa mucronata Kunth, Rév. Gram. 1: 91. 1835. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Ex Amer. Merid.”’ Rance: Virginia and Florida to California and Mexico; also in the West Indies and southern Asia. New Mexico: Hillsboro; Mesilla Valley. Sandy fields, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 2. Leptochloa nealleyi Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 12: 7. 1885. TyPE LOCALITY: Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southeastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Carlsbad (Tracy 8191). Plains. 8. Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.) A. Gray, Man. 588. 1848. Festuca fascicularis Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 1: 189. 1791. Festuca procumbens Muhl. Descr. Gram. 160. 1817. Uralepis composita Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 94. 1863. Diplachne procumbens Nash in Britton, Man. 128. 1901. Type Locaity: ‘‘Ex Amer. Merid.”’ RanGE: Maryland and Florida to South Dakota and Mexico. New Mexico: Salt Lake; Socorro; Mesilla Valley; Roswell; Carlsbad. Sandy fields, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. The type of Uralepis composita was collected in New Mexico by Woodhouse. 4. Leptochloa dubia (H. B. K.) Nees, Syll. Pl. Ratisb. 1: 4. 1824. SPRANGLE, Chloris dubia H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 169. 1815. Diplachne dubia Scribn. Bull. Torrey Club 10: 30. 1883. 84 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Type Locauity: “Crescit in apricis subhumidis prope rupem porphyreticam el Penon, in convalle Mexicana, alt. 1168 hexap.”’ Rance: Arizona and western Texas to Florida and Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; near White Water; Dog Spring; near Silver City; Organ Mountains; Tortugas Mountain; Carlsbad. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 44. ACAMPTOCLADOS Nash. Tufted perennial with stiff stems, involute leaves, and a panicle of scattered, dis- tant, widely spreading, rigid branches; spikelets scattered, singly disposed in 2 rows, sessile, 4 to 6-flowered; glumes subequal, acuminate, the first 1-nerved, the second usually 3-nerved; lemmas 3-nerved, acute, indurated in fruit; palea compressed, the 2 nerves ciliolate, gibbous at the base; stamens 3; styles distinct. 1. Acamptoclados sessilispicus (Buckl.) Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 140. 1903. Eragrostis sessilispica Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 97. 1863. Diplachne rigida Vasey, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Bot. Bull. 12: pl. 41. 1891. Type Locauiry: Near Austin, Texas. Rance: Kansas and Texas to eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Sands south of Melrose; Nara Visa. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 45. BECKMANNIA Host. SitouGH GRASss. Tall erect plant with flat leaves and terminal elongated inflorescence; spikelets 1 or 2-flowered, compressed, imbricated in 2 rows along one side of the rachis of the shor, .pikes; glumes narrow, boat-shaped, obtuse or abruptly pointed, nearly equal; lemmas narrow, acute or mucronate; palea hyaline, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles short, distinct; grain oblong, inclosed within the rigid fruiting lemma and palea, free. 1. Beckmannia erucaeformis (L.) Host, Icon. Gram. Austr. 3: 5. 1805. Phalaris erucaeformis L. Sp. Pi. 55. 1753. Type Locauiry: “‘Habitat in Siberia, Russia, Europa australi.”’ RanGE: British America to California, New Mexico, and Iowa; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Farmington; Chama; Grants Station; Zuni. In marshes and along streams, in the Transition Zone. 46. CAPRIOLA Adans. Low creeping perennial with short flat leaves and slender spikes digitate at the apex of the erect branches; spikelets 1-flowered, awnless, sessile in 2 rows along one side of a slender continuous axis, forming unilateral spikes; glumes narrow, keeled, usually acute; lemma broader, usually slightly longer than the glumes, obtuse, pilose on the keel and margins; palea about the length of the lemma, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles distinct; grain free. 1. Capriola dactylon (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 764. 1891. Brermupa qarass. Panicum dactylon L. Sp. Pl. 58. 1753. Cynodon dactylon Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 85. 1805. Type Locauity: “Habitat in Europa australi.’’ RanaGeE: Native of the Old World, widely introduced in southern North America, often cultivated as a lawn grass. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley. Bermuda grass is often employed in New Mexico for lawns. It is especially valu- able for this purpose in the southern part of the State, since it is resistant to heat and drought. Sometimes it becomes a troublesome weed in cultivated fields, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 85 47. SCHEDONARDUS Steud. TEXAN CRABGRASS. Low, diffusely branched perennial with short narrow leaves and slender paniculate spikes; spikelets 1-flowered, hermaphrodite, sessile, scattered along one side of the slender rachis of the widely spreading spikes; rachilla jointed above the glumes, these narrow, slightly unequal, membranaceous; lemmas longer than the glumes, mem- branaceous, becoming somewhat rigid, acuminate or minutely mucronate; stamens 3; styles distinct; grain inclosed within the rigid lemmas and palea but free. 1. Schedonardus paniculatus (Nutt.) Trel. Rep. Ark. Geol. Surv. 1888+: 236. 1891. Lepturus paniculatus Nutt. Gen. Pl. 1: 81. 1818. Schedonardus texranus Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 146. 1855. Type Locaity: ‘‘On dry saline plains, near Fort Mandan, on the Missouri.”’ Rance: Manitoba and Saskatchewan to New Mexico and Texas. New Mexico: From the Mogollon and White Mountains northward and eastward throughout the State. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 48. BOUTELOUA Lag. Grama GRASs. Low annuals or perennials, with narrow, flat or convolute leaves and few or many unilateral spikelets nearly sessile along a common rachis; spikelets 1 or 2-flowered, numerous, crowded and closely sessile in 2 rows along one side of a continuous flattened rachis, this usually projecting beyond the spikelets; rachilla articulated above the glumes, the continuation beyond the hermaphrodite floret usually bearing a few rudimentary glumes and 3 awns; glumes unequal, the lower smaller, keeled; lemma broader, 3-nerved, 3 to 5-toothed or cleft; palea 2-nerved and 2-toothed; grain free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Spikes numerous, 5 to 60; spikelets few, usually less than 12. Spikes 30 to 60, each with 4 to 10 spikelets...............-. it Spikes 5 to 11, each with 3 to 6 spikelets................... 2. Spikes few, 1 to 6; spikelets numerous, 25 or more. Annuals. Spikes solitary; plants low, tufted.................-... 3. B. procumbens. Spikes more than one; plants various. Spikelets closely appressed to the rachis, forming a eylindricalapike: «22-2, 3 cee oes cena oe 5 os 4. B. aristidoides. Spikelets crowded on one side of the rachis, making it one-sided, Plants 30 cm. high or more, the stems erect.... 5. B. parryi. Plants 10 to 15 cm. high, the stems spreading.. 6. B. barbata. . curtipendula. . radicosa. Bb Perennials. Spikes loose, more or less cylindric; lower part of stems eletrares Pew 8 238, fo ae ete mamie gayaos Sache enc pfs 7. B. eriopoda. Spikes with more numerous crowded spikelets, one- sided; stems not woolly. Glumes smooth or slightly roughened............-- 8. B. breviseta. Glumes stiff-hairy. Spikes 3 to 5, short and broad; rachis extended much beyond the spike...............-.-- 9. B. hirsuta. Spikes 1 to 3, mostly 2, long and narrow; rachis Du suehity extended ....<_--..+--+.---- - 10. B. gracilis. 1. Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 154. 1848. TALL GRAMA. Chloris curtipendula Michx. F\. Bor. Amer. 1: 59. 1803. Bouteloua racemosa Lag. Var. ienc. 2*: 141, 1805. 86 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Atheropogon curtipendulus Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 138. 1881. Type Locauity: ‘‘Hab. in aridis regionis Illinoensis ad Wabast et in rupibus ad prairie du rocher.”’ Rance: British America to New Jersey, California, and Mexico. New Mexico: Common throughout the State. Plains and hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. An important range grass in some parts of the State. 2. Bouteloua radicosa (Fourn.) Griffiths, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 14: 411. 1912. Dinebra bromoides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:172. pl. 51. 1816, not Bouteloua bromoides Lag. 1816. Atheropogon radicosus Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 140. 1881. TyPE LocALIty: Mexico. Range: California and New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Burro Mountains; Mogollon Creek. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Bouteloua procumbens (Durand) Griffiths, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 14: 364. 1912. SIX-WEEKS GRAMA. Chloris procumbens Durand, Chlor. Sp. 1808. Bouteloua prostrata Lag. Gen. & Sp. Nov. 5. 1816. Bouteloua pusilla Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 11: 6. 1884. Type Locauity: Not ascertained. Rance: Colorado and Arizona to Mexico, New Mexico: Cedar Hill; Tierra Amarilla; Chama; Santa Fe; El Rito Creek; Ensenada; Las Vegas; Grants; Pecos; Roy; Kingston; West Fork of the Gila; White Mountains. Sandy soil, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The type of B. pusilla was collected at Kingman by G. R. Vasey, in 1881. 4. Bouteloua aristidoides (H. B. K.) Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 537. 1864. SIX-WEEKS GRAMA, Dinebra aristidoides H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 171. 1816. Triathera aristidoides Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 137. 1903. TypPE Locauitry: ‘‘Crescit in asperis frigidis convallis Tolucensis, alt. 1320 hexap.”’ RanGeE: California and western Texas to Mexico and South America. New Mexico: Bear Mountain; Deming; Socorro; Dog Spring; Organ Mountains; Las Cruces. Dry plains and hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 5. Bouteloua parryi (Fourn.) Griffiths, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 14: 381. 1912. SANDHILL GRAMA. Chondrosium parryi Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 150. 1881. Bouteloua polystachya vestita S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 177. 1883. Bouteloua vestita Scribn. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 2: 531. 1894. Type Locauiry: Near San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and Mexico. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley; mesa west of Organ Mountains; Jarilla Junction. Mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. . 6. Bouteloua barbata Lag. Var. Cienc. 2*: 141. 1805. SIX-WEEKS GRAMA. Chondrosium polystachyum Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulph. 56. 1844. Bouteloua polystachya Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 57: 366. 1857. Tyre Locaity: Described from cultivated plants. RanGeE: California and Utah to Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; San Juan Valley; Chama River; Albuquerque; Socorro; Mangas Springs; Santa Rita; Deming; Black Range; Dog Spring; Mesilla Valley; Organ Mountains; White Send Pecos se Sandy fields and mesas, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. eT WOOTTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 87 7. Bouteloua eriopoda Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 155. 1856. BLACK GRAMA. Chondrosium eriopodum Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 154. 1848. Type Locauiry: Along the Rio Grande, New Mexico. Type collected by Emory. Rance: Arizona and western Texas to Mexico. New Mexico: Common throughout the State except in the extreme northeast. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. This is one of the most valuable range grasses in the southern part of New Mexico. 8. Bouteloua breviseta Vasey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 58. 1890. TYPE Locauity: Screw Bean, Presidio County, Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: White Sands; Lakewood; Carlsbad. Dry plains, in the Lower Sono- ran Zone. 9. Bouteloua hirsuta Lag. Var. Cienc. 24: 141. 1805. Harry GRAMA. Chondrosium hirtum H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 176. pl. 59. 1816. Chondrosium foeneum Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 154. pl. 12. 1848. Type LocaLity: Described from cultivated plants. Rance: Colorado and Nebraska to Mexico and Florida. New Mexico: Pecos; Clayton; Nara Visa; Silver City; Socorro; Torrance; Organ Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains; Leachs; Buchanan. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. The type of Chondrosium foeneum was collected by Emory along the Rio Grande. 10. Bouteloua gracilis (H. B. K.) Lag.; Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. 1: 219. 1840. BLUE GRAMA. Chondrosium gracile H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 176. pl. 58. 1816. Atheropogon oligostachyum Nutt. Gen. Pl. 1: 178. 1818. Bouteloua oligostachya Torr.; A. Gray, Man. ed. 2. 553. 1853. Type Locality: ‘‘Crescit in crepidinibus et devexis montis porphyritici La Buffa de Guanaxuato Mexicanorum, alt. 1270 hexap.”’ Rance: British America to California, Missouri, and Mexico. New Mexico: Common throughout the State except at lower levels. Meadows and hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. Blue grama is undoubtedly the most valuable forage plant of New Mexico. It occurs generally on the higher plains and lower mountains at altitudes of from 1,800 to 2,400 meters, often forming nearly pure stands. When not molested it becomes knee-high, and a large field in such a condition is a beautiful sight because of the myriads of purple spikes. The grass is resistant to overgrazing and is able to spread rapidly when not too closely grazed. This has generally been known as Bouteloua oligostachya, a name which, unfortu- nately, lacks priority. 49. CHLORIS Swartz. Mostly perennials with flat leaves and rather showy inflorescence of 2 to many digitate spikes; spikelets 1-flowered, awned, sessile in 2 rows along one side of a con- tinuous rachis, forming unilateral spikes; rachilla jointed above the glumes and pro- duced beyond the palea, bearing 1 or more empty rudimentary awned glumes; glumes unequal, lanceolate, acute, somewhat keeled; lemma narrow or broad, | to 3-nerved, acute to truncate or emarginate or 2-lobed, often ciliate on the back or margins, the middle nerve usually prolonged into an awn; grain free. 88 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Spikes slender, naked or interrupted at the base; bial of more than a single verticel of spikes...........- - 1. C. verticillata. Spikes stout, spikelet-bearing to the base; pele ne a : Gnele i minal verticel of spikes. Lemma conspicuously hairy, long-villous on the nerves and PSPC whe ge te ete kas ac nino oe ee eee ee 2. C. elegans. Lemma not conspicuously hairy, the pubescence very short or none. Lemma 3-nerved, obovate-cuneate, the apex rounded..... 3. C. brevispica. Lemma 7-nerved, broadly triangular, very shortly awned.. 4. C. cucullata. 1. Chloris verticillata Nutt. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser, 5: 150. 1837. TypPE Loca.ity: ‘‘On the sandy banks of the Arkansas, near Fort Smith.”’ RanGeE: Kansas and Texas to New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos; Clayton; Redlands; Socorro; Nambe Valley. Dry plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Chloris elegans H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 165. 1816. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Inter Mexico et Queretaro.”’ RanGeE: Texas and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Common from Silver City, Socorro, and Roswell southward. Plains and river valleys, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones.. Often a troublesome weed in alfalfa fields. 3. Chloris brevispica Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 438. 1898. Tyre Locatiry: Nueces County, Texas. Rance: Western Texas to southeastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Roswell (Griffiths 5710, 5746). Sandy soil. 4. Chloris cucullata Bisch. Ann. Sci. Nat. III. Bot. 19: 357. 1853. CROWFOOT GRAMA. Type Locauity: “Hab. Mexico boreali. Semina in provincia Tamaulipas prope Matamoros \ecta absque nomine misit Dr. Engelmann, 1849.”’ RanGeE: Western Texas and southern New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Roswell; Carlsbad. Plains. 50. TRICHLORIS Fourn. Erect perennials with flat leaves and with many slender spikes digitate or closely approximate at the apex of the culm, forming dense oblong panicles; spikelets 1 to 3-flowered, hermaphrodite, sessile in 2 series along the continuous rachis of the uni- lateral spikes; rachilla articulated above the glumes and prolonged above the hermaph- - rodite flowers, terminating in an awned rudimentary floret; glumes unequal, 1-nerved, membranaceous, the second short-awned; lemmas membranaceous, 3-nerved, 3-awned, the awns erect, subequal or the lateral ones much shorter; palea hyaline, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles distinct; grain narrow, oblong, free. 1. Trichloris fasciculata Fourn.; Benth. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 19: 102. 1881. Tyre Locauity: Not stated. Rance: Western Texas to New Mexico and Mexico. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley. Sandy mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 51. PAPPOPHORUM Schreb. Cespitose perennial with narrow, usually convolute leaves and spikelike panicles; spikelets 1 or 2-flowered; rachilla jointed above the glumes, these persistent, mem- branaceous, acute, carinate, nerveless, or with 1 to 3 nerves on each side; lemmas WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 89 broad at the base, subcoriaceous, obscurely many-nerved, unequally divided into 9 to 23 awnlike lobes; palea rather broad, 2-keeled near the margins. 1. Pappophorum wrightii 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 178. 1883. Tyre LOCALITY: Western Texas or southern New Mexico. RANGE: Western Texas and southern Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Bear Mountain; Kingston; Cerrillos; Socorro; Dog Spring; Las Cruces; Organ Mountains; Carrizozo. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 52. SCLEROPOGON Phil. Fatsre NEEDLE GRASS. Perennial, cespitose, often stoloniferous grasses with nearly simple panicles; spike- lets unisexual, the two kinds unlike, 2 to many-flowered; staminate spikelets many- flowered, the glumes narrow, acute, 3-nerved, awnless, unequal, the lemmas some- times minutely 3-toothed at the apex, the palea narrow and rigid; stamens 3; pistillate spikelets 1 to many-flowered, the glumes persistent, very unequal, the lemmas rigid, narrow, the 3 nerves produced into very long slender divergent twisted awns; styles distinct, elongated; grain free, narrow, elongated. 1. Scleropogon brevifolius Phil. Anal. Univ. Chile 34: 205. 1870. Tyrer Locatity: Chile. Rance: Arizona and western Texas to Mexico and South America. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Hillsboro; Albuquerque; Socorro; Tucumcari; Dona Ana Mountains; Organ Mountains; Deming; Carrizozo; White Mountains; Pecos Valley. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. Very common on the mesas of southern New Mexico and of considerable importance as a range grass. . 53. PHRAGMITES Trin. Carrizo. Tall reedlike perennial with stout leafy culms and large terminal panicles; spike- lets loosely 3 to 7-flowered; rachilla jointed above the glumes and between the florets, clothed with long silky hairs; lowest floret staminate or neutral, the others fertile; glumes unequal, lanceolate, acute, shorter than the florets; lemmas glabrous, very narrow, acuminate; grain free, 1. Phragmites phragmites (L.) Karst. Deutsch. Fl. 379. 1880-3. Arundo phragmites L. Sp. Pl. 81. 1753. Phragmites communis Trin. Fund. Agrost. 134. 1820. Type Locaity: “Habitat in Europae lacubus fluviis.’’ Rance: Nearly throughout the United States and in Mexico; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Farmington; Cimarron; Canada Alamosa; Copper Mines; Mimbres River; Mesilla Valley; Round Mountain; Roswell. In wet ground, especially in river valleys, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 54. ARUNDO L. Tall (2 to 3 meters or more) perennial with flat leaves and ample terminal panicles; spikelets 2 to many-flowered; rachilla jointed above the glumes and between the florets, smooth; florets crowded, fertile, or the upper or lower staminate; glumes 2, narrow, subequal, 3-nerved, smooth, acute or acuminate, about the length of the spike- let; lemmas membranaceous, 3-nerved, 2-toothed at the apex, mucronate between the teeth, long-pilose on the back; palea hyaline, 2-keeled; grain smooth, free. 1. Arundo donax L. Sp. Pl. 81. 1753. GIANT REED. Type Locauity: “Habitat in Hispania, Galloprovincia.”’ Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico to Mexico, probably naturalized; also in the Old World. 90 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley. Wet ground. This grass, the largest of all those found in New Mexico, is frequent along ditches in the Rio Grande Valley, where it has probably been introduced. 55. MUNROA Torr. Low, diffusely much branched annual with short sharp-pointed leaves clustered at the ends of the branches; spikelets 2 to 4-flowered, 3 to 5 together and nearly sessile in the axis of the floral leaves; rachilla jointed above the glumes; glumes lanceolate, acute, hyaline, 1-nerved; lemmas longer, 3-nerved, entire, retuse, or 3-cleft, the midnerve or all the nerves excurrent as short mucronate points; palea hyaline, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles distinct, elongated; grain inclosed within the lemma, free. 1. Munroa squarrosa (Nutt.) Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 158. 1856. Crypsis squarrosa Nutt. Gen. Pl. 1: 49. 1818. Type Locauiry: ‘On arid plains near the ‘Grand Detour’ of the Missouri, almost exclusively covering thousands of acres.”’ Rance: Alberta and South Dakota to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Common throughout the State. Dry plains and low hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 56. DASYOCHLOA Willd. Low, densely tufted, often creeping perennial, with very narrow, somewhat rigid leaves and crowded spikelets in clusters of 3 to 6, equaled or exceeded by the upper leaves; spikelets several-flowered, sessile; glumes unequal, keeled; lemmas thin, densely hairy below, deeply bilobate, awned from between the rounded lobes; sta- mens 3. 1. Dasyochloa pulchella (H. B. K.) Willd.; Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. 1: 484. 1840. Triodia pulchella H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 155. pl. 47. 1816. Type Locauity: ‘‘In subfrigidis, siccis, apricis regni Mexicani inter Guanaxuato, Mina de Belgrado et Cubilente, alt. 1050 hexap.’’ Rance: Western Texas to Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Shiprock; Carrizo Mountains; Albuquerque; Mangas Springs; Socorro; Tortugas Mountain; Mesilla Valley; Orogrande; Roswell. Sandy mesas, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 57. ERIONEURON Nash. Tufted perennials with thick linear leaves having white margins, and dense, con- tracted, almost capitate panicles; spikelets several to many-flowered; glumes narrow, acuminate; lemmas broad, 3-nerved, pubescent on the nerves below and sometimes on the body of the lemma at the base, the apex acuminate, entire or slightly 2-toothed, the awn terminal or arising between the minute teeth; stamens 3; style short, distinct. 1. Erioneuron pilosum (Buckl.) Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 144. 1903. Uralepis pilosa Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 94. 1863. Sieglingia pilosa Nash in Britt. & Brown, Iustr. Fl. 3: 504. 1898. Type Locauity: ‘Middle Texas.”’ RANGE: Kansas and Colorado to New Mexico and Texas. New Mexico: Farmington; Pecos; Knowles; Torrance; Buchanan; Las Vegas Hot Springs; Cross L Ranch; Mangas Springs; Dayton; Gray; Guadalupe Mountains; Roswell. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 91 58. TRIDENS Roem. & Schult. Perennials with flat or involute leaves and open or contracted, sometimes spike- like inflorescence; spikelets 3 to many-flowered, the flowers perfect or the upper staminate; glumes keeled, obtuse to acuminate, usually shorter than the lemma; lemmas 3-nerved, the midnerve or all the nerves excurrent, pilose, the apex entire or shortly 2-toothed; palea compressed, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles short, distinct. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Lemmas not pilose on the back; glumes considerably surpassing the lower florets; spikelets sube sane oblong, in a rather dense paeike panicle.. eae . 1. T. albescens. Lemmas pilose on the back, at least at ae base; eimees ieelyie as long as the lowest Ae or shorter; eee various. Spikelets terete; sterile lemma not Glee. neither lobed nor EOVECG 2 Sas A Ee aE OA, Gens, See ee et ee eS Ne ey eae 2. T. muticus. Spikelets compressed; sterile lemma ciliate, deeply bilobate, with an intermediate awn. Lemmas only slightly cleft at the apex, the lobes narrow, acute: spikelets 10 mm) Jong ei. 2. oe ene Spon on 3. T. avenaceus. Lemmas cleft half their length, the lobes obtuse; spike- HEtSGHbO Samm lONE 2 cee Vee amine Nee are wee 1. Tridens albescens (Vasey) Woot. & Stand]. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81: 129. 1912. Triodia albescens Vasey, U. 8S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 127: 33. 1891. Sieglingia albescens Kuntze; L. H. Dewey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 2: 538. 1894. Rhombolytrum albescens Nash in Britton, Man. 129. 1901. Type Locauity: ‘‘Texas and New Mexico.”’ Rance: Kansas to Texas and eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley; Carlsbad; Roswell. Dry plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 2. Tridens muticus (Torr.) Nash in Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 143. 1903. Tricuspis mutica Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 156. 1856. Triodia mutica Benth.; S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 180. 1883. TYPE LOCALITY: eae Colorado, New Mexico. RanGe: Western Texas and eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Socorro; Laguna Colorado; Cross L Ranch; Tortugas Mountain; Roswell. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 3. Tridens avenaceus (H. B. K.) Hitche. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 17: . 1918. Triodia avenacea H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 156. pl. 48. 1816. Triodia grandiflora Vasey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 59. 1890. Sieglingia avenacea grandiflora L. H. Dewey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 2: 538. 1894. Tridens grandiflorus Woot. & Standl. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81: 129. 1912. Type Locatity: ‘‘In convalle Mexicana inter montem Chapultepec et Penol de 4. T. nealleyi. los Banos.’’ Rance: Western Texas to Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Kingston ( Metcalfe 1334). 4. Tridens nealleyi (Vasey) Woot. & Standl. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81: 129. 1912. Triodia nealleyi Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 15: 49. 1888. Sieglingia nealleyi L. H. Dewey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 2: 538. 1894. Type Locauity: Western Texas. 92 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. ; New Mexico: Tortugas Mountain (Wooton 2018). Dry fields, in the Lower Sono- ran zone. 59. SPHENOPHOLIS Scribn. Rather slender tufted perennials with flat leaves and narrow terminal many-flowered panicles; spikelets 2 or 3-flowered; rachilla jointed above the glumes and between the florets and produced above the upper floret into a slender naked bristle; glumes slightly shorter than the florets, the first very narrow or linear and 1-nerved, the second broadly obovate, 3-nerved, with rather broad scarious margins; lemmas obtuse, usually awnless; palea narrow, 2-nerved; styles distinct, short; grain narrow, free. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Second glume not much, if at all, wider than the lemmas, obtuse or ATURE ceca ks ctceie a ete SEN area a iat Satna ene roe ee 1. S. pallens. Second glume much wider than the lemmas, rounded or truncate and somewhat cucullate at the apex. Intermediate nerves of the second glume faint; leaves narrow; panicle very narrow, dense and spikelike................ 2. S. obtusata. Intermediate nerves of the second glume almost as prominent 2 as the principal ones; leaves wide; panicle longer and Proad er, 16086: 55 ISL TSS Sse we ae Seo ee ees oe ee 3. S. robusta. 1. Sphenopholis pallens (Spreng.) Scribn. Rhodora 8: 145. 1906. Aira pallens Spreng. Mant. Fl. Hal. 36. 1807. Koeleria pennsylvanica DC, Cat. Hort. Monsp. 117. 1813. Eatonia pennsylvanica A. Gray, Man. ed. 2. 558. 1856. Type Locauity: Not stated. Rane@eE: British America to New Mexico, Texas, and Georgia. New Mexico: Mouth of Mora River; Albuquerque; Santa Fe Canyon 9 miles east of Santa Fe. Wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 2. Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. Rhodora 8: 144. 1906. Aira obtusata Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 62. 1803. Eatonia obtusata A. Gray, Man. ed. 2. 558. 1856. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in aridis a Carolina ad Floridam.”’ RanGE: British America to Oregon, Arizona, and Florida. New Mexico: Farmington; Carrizo Mountains; Albuquerque; Zuni; Socorro; Kingston; Organ Mountains. In wet ground, especially along ditch banks, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Sphenopholis robusta (Vasey) Heller, Muhlenbergia 6: 12. 1910. Eatonia obtusata robusta Vasey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 3: 190. 1895. Eatonia robusta Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 602. 1905. Tyre Locauity: Mullen, Nebraska. Rance: Washington and Nebraska to Arizona. New Mexico: Rio Mimbres; Mesilla. Damp meadows, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 60. KOELERIA Pers. JUNE GRAss. Cespitose perennials with usually flat narrow leaves and densely flowered spikelike panicles; spikelets 2 to 4-flowered, compressed; rachilla jointed above the glumes, these unequal, keeled, somewhat shorter than the lemmas; lemmas membranaceous, faintly 3 to 5-nerved, obtuse, acute, or mucronate-pointed; palea hyaline, acute, 2-nerved, about as long as the lemma; stamens 3; styles very short. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 93 1. Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 97. 1805. Aira cristata L. Sp. Pl. 63. 1753. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in Angliae, Helvetiae siccioribus.”’ Rance: British America to Arizona, Kansas, and Pennsylvania; also in Europe. New Mexico: Common in all the mountain ranges. Open slopes and in woods, in the Transition Zone. 61. ERAGROSTIS Beauv. Annuals or perennials with simple or branched culms; spikelets 2 to many-flowered, the uppermost floret imperfect; rachilla jointed but sometimes not disarticulating until after the fall of the lemmas; glumes more or less unequal, usually shorter than the lemma; lemmas glabrous, obtuse or acute, awnless, 3-nerved, the lateral nerves often faint; paleas shorter than the lemmas, often persistent, 2-nerved. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Annuals. Spikelets broad, more than 2 mm. wide.....-.-.-....-.---- 1. E. megastachya. Spikelets narrow, 1.5 mm. wide or less. Plants low, spreading, 30 cm. high or less; leaves nar- row; spikelets many-flowered; plants of cultivated Plants tall, 30 to 100 cm.; leaves broad; spikelets few- flowered; plants usually found in the mountains. Panicles spreading, often nearly 30 cm. long; spikelets Bela Ti TOMES. seek wee bace. a oace s « 4. E. mexicana. Panicles contracted, 10 cm. long or less; spikelets 3 HO (GLI LON Oe chee eee cise eo iets ee ee 3. EH. limbata. Perennials. Plants with rigid scaly rootstocks; leaves pungent-pointed.... 5. E. obtusiflora. Plants tufted, without rootstocks; leaves not pungent-pointed. Spikelets crowded, on very short branches.......-...--..- 6. E. secundiflora. Spikelets not crowded, on long slender branches. Panicles narrow and elongated, the branches long and flexuous, erect or nearly so; lateral nerves of the, lemmap' evident... ....3 2.005652 --02 ~~~ 7. E. trichodes. Panicles rather open, the branches spreading or ascending, rather rigid; lateral nerves of the lemmas evident or obscure. Lateral nerves of the lemmas faint; plant of the WIGUUAEe e e ee ee. te ee SEM 8. E. lugens. Lateral nerves of the lemmas very prominent; on the plains of the eastern part of the State oe4 . 800-8. saath utah coalh ocr 9. E. pectinacea. 1. Eragrostis megastachya (Koel.) Link, Hort. Berol. 1: 187. 1827. STINK GRASS. Briza eragrostis L. Sp. Pl. 70. 1753, not Poa eragrostis L. op. cit. 68 (= Eragrostis eragrostis). Poa megastachya Koel. Descr. Gram. 181. 1802. Eragrostis major Host, Icon. Gram. Austr. 4: 14. pl. 24. 1809. Eragrostis poaeoides megastachya A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 631. 1867. TYPE LOCALITY: European. Rance: Nearly throughout the United States; naturalized from Europe. New Mexico: Cedar Hill; Santa Fe; Pecos; Las Vegas Hot Springs; Mangas Springs; Dog Spring; Berendo Creek; West Fork of the Gila; Organ Mountains; Tularosa; Roswell; Mesilla Valley; Carlsbad; Texico. Waste ground. 94 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 2. Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. Ess. Agrost. 162. 1812. Poa pilosa L. Sp. Pl. 68. 1753. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Italia.”’ Range: Nearly throughout the United States; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Farmington; Carrizo Mountains; Santa Fe; Las Vegas; Albuquerque; Fort Bayard; near White Water; Mogollon Mountains; Mesilla Valley; Roswell; Gil- mores Ranch; Tularosa; Texline. Waste places and in meadows, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 3. Eragrostis limbata Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 116. 1886. Eragrostis neomexicana Vasey, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 542. 1894. TyPE Locaity: Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to California, and southward. New Mexico: Organ Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Eragrostis mexicana (Lag.) Link, Hort. Berol. 1: 190. 1827. Poa mexicana Lag. Gen. & Sp. Nov. 3. 1816. Type Locauity: ‘‘Hab. in Imperio Mexicana.”’ Rance: Western Texas to southern California and southward. New Mexico: Gallinas Mountains; Raton; Las Vegas; Torrance; Albuquerque; Deming; Dog Spring; Mogollon Mountains; Animas Creek; Organ Mountains; Mesilla Valley; Leachs; Queen; Roswell; White Mountains. Dry hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Eragrostis obtusiflora (Fourn.) Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 8: 10. 1897. MEXICAN SALTGRASS. Brizopyrum obtusiflorum Fourn. Mex. Pl. 2: 120. 1881. TyPE LocALITty: Mexico. Rance: Arizona and New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Las Playas (Wooton). Alkaline flats, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 6. Eragrostis secundiflora Pres], Rel. Haenk. 1: 276. 1830. Poa interrupta Nutt. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 5: 146. 1837, not Lam. 1791. Poa oxylepis Torr. in Marcy, Expl. Red Riv. 301. pl. 19. 1854. Type Locauity: Mexico. RanGE: Texas and New Mexico to southern Mexico. New Mexico: Nara Visa; Melrose; Dora; Clayton; Arroyo Ranch; Texline. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 465. 1895. Poa trichodes Nutt. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 5: 146. 1837. Type Locaniry: ‘In bushy prairies and open alluvial lands, Arkansas.’’ RanGe: Nebraska and Ohio to New Mexico and Tennessee. New Mexico: Gray; Queen. Dry soil, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 8. Hragrostis lugens Nees, Agrost. Bras. 2: 505. 1829. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat ad Monte-Video et in confinibus Paraguayanis.’’ Rance: Texas and Arizona to Mexico and South America. New Mexico: Kingston; Mangas Springs; near White Water; San Luis Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains; Organ Mountains; Round Mountain. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 9. Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 272. 1855. Poa pectinacea Michx. F1. Bor. Amer. 1: 69. 1803. Tyre Locauity: “Hab. in arvis Illinoensibus.”’ Rance: Illinois and Massachusetts to New Mexico, Texas, and Florida. New Mexico: Near Causey (Wooton). Plains and dry fields, in the Upper Sonoran Zone, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 95 62. MELICA L. Metic Grass. Perennials with usually soft flat leaves and with rather large spikelets in lax or dense, usually narrow panicles, or sometimes in simple racemes; spikelets 2 to several- flowered, terete or slightly flattened; rachilla jointed above the glumes and between the fertile florets, usually bearing 2 or 3 empty glumes at the apex; glumes unequal, membranaceous, awnless, 3 to 5-nerved; lemmas larger, rounded on the back, 7 to 13-nerved, scarious-margined, awnless or short-awned; palea broad, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles distinct; grain free. 1. Melica porteri Scribn. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1885: 44. pl. 1. f. 17, 18. 1885. Melica mutica parviflora Porter in Port. & Coult. Syn. FI. Colo. 149. 1874. Melica parviflora Scribn. Mem. Torrey Club 5: 50. 1894. Tyre Locauiry: Glen Eyrie, Colorado. Rance: Colorado and Kansas to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe; Sandia Mountains; Las Vegas; Winsors Ranch; Mogollon Mountains; Silver City; Organ Mountains; White and Sacramento moun- tains. Damp woods, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 63. BROMUS L. BRoOME GRASS. Annuals or perennials with flat leaves and rather large, erect or pendulous spikelets; spikelets few to many-flowered, slightly or strongly flattened laterally, paniculate or rarely racemose; rachilla jointed above the glumes and between the florets; glumes unequal, acute or the second short-awned, | to 5-nerved, shorter than the lemmas; lemmas keeled or rounded on the back, 5 to 9-nerved, usually 2-toothed at the apex and awned from the back just below the point or from between the teeth, or some- times awnless; palea a little shorter than the lemma, 2-keeled; stamens usually 3; stigmas sessile, plumose; grain sulcate, adherent to the palea. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Lemmas compressed-carinate at the base. Lemmas appressed-villous. Sheatupimore or leas yallous, 2-2-2 - 2-5. feb 25.8 la. B. marginatus latior. Sheaths glabrous or nearly so. .......---..---------.-- lb. B. marginatus seminudus. Lemmas smooth or scabrous. Leaves and sheaths conspicuously pubescent. ....-..--- 2. B. unioloides. Leaves glabrous, the sheaths sometimes slightly pu- bescent. Awns inconspicuous; BEANE SIS EOW nie ce a an ain 3. B. polyanthus. Awns conspicuous; leaves wide.........-----.--- 3a. B. polyanthus paniculatus. Lemmas not compressed-carinate but rounded, at least at the base. Lemmas glabrous or scabrous. Sheaths pubescent. Panicles dense, contracted; planta low, 40 cm. high epee see tas tio Roses Se au RS 4. B. hordeaceus glabrescens. Panicles loose, more or less spreading; plants more Primer, "HESET = bec wc tap oe ome Pao ka 4 5. B, racemosus, 96 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Sheaths glabrous. Spikelets laterally compressed, ovate-lanceolate... 6. B. secalinus. Spikelets terete, narrowly oblong........---------- 7. B. inermis. Lemmas more or less pubescent. Pubescence unevenly distributed on the margins and dorsal surface of the lemmas.........----------- 8. B. richardsoni. Pubescence about equally distributed on margins and dorsal surface of the lemmas. Sheaths densely villous... c~ 255. -ospeme science 9. B. lanatipes. Sheaths glabrous or nearly so. Glumes pubescent; tall coarse plant.........10. B. portert. Glumes glabrous; weak leafy plant..........- 11. B. frondosus. la. Bromus marginatus latior Shear, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23: 55. 1900. Type Locauity: Walla Walla, Washington. Ranae: Washington and Wyoming to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: North of Ramah; Santa Fe; East Fork of the Gila; Mangas Springs. Canyons, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. | 1b. Bromus marginatus seminudus Shear, U. 8S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23: 55. 1900. TYPE LocALITY: On open mountain side 5 miles above Wallowa Lake, Oregon. Rance: Washington and Montana to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Baldy; Sandia Mountains; Water Canyon; James Canyon; White Mountains. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. 2. Bromus unioloides (Willd.) H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 151. 1816. Festuca unioloides Willd. Hort. Berol. 1: 3. pl. 3. 1816. Type Locauiry: ‘‘ Habitat in Carolina.”’ Rance: South Carolina and Florida to Texas, also in Mexico and South America; introduced in other parts of the United States. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Agricultural College. 8. Bromus polyanthus Shear, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23: 56. f. 34. 1900. Bromus multiflorus Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 13: 46. 1898, not Weig. 1772. Type Locatity: Battle Lake, Sierra Madre Mountains, Wyoming. Rance: Oregon and Montana to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Harveys Upper Ranch; Santa Fe; Johnsons Mesa; Rio Pueblo; - Barranca; Chama; Tunitcha Mountains; Las Vegas; Silver City; Patterson; James Canyon; Organ Mountains. Shaded canyons, in the Transition Zone. 3a. Bromus polyanthus paniculatus Shear, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23:56. f. 35. 1900. Type Ltocatity: West Mancos Canyon, Colorado. Rance: Utah and Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos; Glorieta; Baldy; Inscription Rock; Chiz; Mogollon Moun- tains; Gilmores Ranch; James Canyon; Gray. Damp woods and thickets, in the Transition Zone. 4. Bromus hordeaceus glabrescens (Coss.) Shear, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23: 20. 1900. Bromus mollis glabrescens Coss. Fl. Env. Paris 654. 1845. Type LocaLity: Paris, France. Rance: Native of Europe, widely introduced in the United States, New Mexico: Willow Creek (Wooton), ——s WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 97 5. Bromus racemosus L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 114. 1762. Type Locatiry: ‘‘Habitat in Anglia.” Rance: Native of Europe, adventive in many places in the United States. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Mesilla Valley. 6. Bromus secalinus L. Sp. Pl. 76. 1753. CHEAT. Type Locatity: ‘‘Habitat in Europae agris secalinis arenosis.”’ Rance: Native of Europe, a common weed in many parts of North America, espe- cially in grain fields. New Mexico: Mangas Springs. 7. Bromus inermis Leyss. Fl. Hal. 16. 1761. HUNGARIAN BROME GRASS. Type Locatitry: ‘Habitat in pratis succulentis fertilissimis im Fiirstengarten in den Pulverweiden frequens.”’ Rance: Native of Europe, locally established in the United States. New Mexico: Farmington; Mesilla Valley. 8. Bromus richardsoni Link, Hort. Berol. 2: 281. 1833. Bromus ciliatus scariosus Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 13: 46. 1898. Type Locatity: Described from plants grown from seed sent from western North America. Ranae: British America to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; Rio Pueblo; Trout Spring; Beulah; Tunitcha Mountains; Hillsboro Peak; Organ Mountains; Cloudcroft; White Mountains. Thick- ets in the mountains, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 9. Bromus lanatipes (Shear) Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 52. 1906. Bromus porteri lanatipes Shear, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 23: 37. 1900. Typrr LocaLity: Idaho Springs, Colorado. RanGeE: Colorado and New Mexico to California. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Sandia Mountains; Glorieta; Johnsons Mesa; Santa Fe; Water Canyon; East Fork of the Gila; Organ Mountains; Gray; White Mountains. Damp thickets, in the Transition Zone. 10. Bromus porteri (Coulter) Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 512. 1895. Bromus kalmii portert Coulter, Man. Rocky Mount. 425. 1885. Type LocaLity: Twin Lakes, Colorado. Rance: Montana and South Dakota to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Dulce; Chama; Albuquerque; Glorieta; Raton Mountains; Pescado Spring; Ramah; Johnsons Mesa; Mogollon Creek; Fort Bayard; Organ Mountains; Tularosa Creek; Gilmores Ranch. Damp thickets, in the Transition Zone. 11. Bromus frondosus (Shear) Woot. & Standl. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81: 144. 1912. Bromus porteri frondosus Shear, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 28: 37. f. 20. 1900. Type LocaLity: Mangas Springs, New Mexico. Type collected by J. G. Smith. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Raton; Ponchuelo Creek; Santa Fe Canyon; Mangas Springs; Mogo- | llon Creek; Organ Mountains; San Luis Mountains. Damp canyons, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 64. DACTYLIS L. ORrRcHARD GRASS. Perennial with flat leaves and narrow glomerate panicles; spikelets 3 to 5-flowered, nearly sessile in dense fascicles; rachilla jointed above the glumes and between the florets; glumes unequal, 1 to 3-nerved, sharply keeled, acute; lemmas 5-nerved, shortly awn-pointed, strongly compressed and keeled, ciliate on the keel; palea a little 52576 °—15——7 ® 98 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, shorter than the lemma, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles distinct; grain narrow, oblong, free. 1. Dactylis glomerata L. Sp. Pl. 71. 1753. Tyre Locatity: ‘‘Habitat in Europae cultis ruderatis.”’ RanGeE: Widely distributed in North America, introduced from Europe and often cultivated. New Mexico: Shiprock; Cedar Hill; Chama; Winsors Ranch; Mesilla Valley. 65. DISTICHLIS Raf. Satterass. Rigid erect stoloniferous perennial with dense panicles of rather few compressed spikelets; spikelets 8 to 16-flowered, dicecious; glumes carinate, acute, shorter than the lemmas; lemmas broader, 3 to many-nerved, acute, rigid; palea 2-keeled, equal- ing or shorter than the lemmas; stamens in the staminate flower 3; styles thickened at the base, rather long, distinct; grain closely enveloped in the thickened and cori- aceous base of the palea. 1. Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 2: 415. 1887. Uniola spicata L. Sp. Pl. 71. 1753. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in Americae borealis maritimis.”’ Rance: Throughout the United States and in Mexico. New Mexico: Farmington; Dulce; El Rito; Algodones; Las Palomas; Nambe Val- ley; near Cliff; Rincon; White Sands; Mesilla Valley. Saline soil, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 66. POA L. Buiuearass. Annuals or perennials with usually flat leaves and with a paniculate inflorescence; spikelets 2 to 6-flowered, the uppermost floret rudimentary; rachilla jointed above the glumes, these herbaceous, lanceolate or ovate, 1 to 3-nerved, keeled, persistent; lemmas herbaceous or membranaceous, lanceolate or ovate, acute or obtuse, awnless, 5-nerved, carinate, falling with the 2-keeled palea and a joint of the rachilla, the dorsal or marginal nerves usually soft-hairy and often with a tuft of cobwebby hairs at the base; stamens 3; styles distinct. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Annuals. Plants low, 10 to 20 cm. high; branches of the panicle SRRGAER Ree oS skh oe de tel ete Beem ee 1. P. annua. Plants taller, 15 to 50 cm. high; branches of the panicle BLOC asec chants a ciujetcina + civintels acetate pate ceria oeiaeienns 2. P. bigelovit. Perennials. Cobweb at the base of the flowers wanting; spikelets acute at the base; lemmas 5 mm. long or more. Spikelets only slightly compressed; lemmas rounded at the apex. Lemmas merely slightly scabrous; plants bright (2415 i i fan PDL ed dg a 11. P. laevigata. Lemmas strigose below, scabrous above; plants yellowish OfC6N. 2.3 ..seccese cents eae an ae eee Spikelets strongly compressed; lemmas acute. Ligules long, 5 to 7 mm., acute or acuminate. .13. P. longiligula. Ligules short, less than 5 mm. long, rounded or truncate at the apex. Panicles very narrow and contracted, long- peduncletliisc.ises: Scdig'thd Sararsraeeie 14, P. longipedunculata, OE es WOOTTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 99 Panicles open, broad, on long or short pe- duncles. Panicles very short, 5 cm. or less; plants less than 30 cm. high; leaves smooth beneath, scabrous EDOVE 22.0. J ctl ce ee aee --- 15: PB. brevipaniculata: Panicles longer, 8 to 15 cm.; plants 30 to 60 cm. high; leaves variously pubescent. Glumes nearly equal, 3-nerved; leaves smooth beneath, sca- DIGUNADOVEs. oS 20s cee ie 16. P. arida. Glumes unequal, the first 1-nerved, the second 3-nerved; leaves scabrous beneath, hispid- puberulent above..........-. 17. P. fendleriana. Cobweb present at the base of the flowers, though some- times scanty; lemmas acute (except in P. com- pressa) and usually strongly keeled; plants with horizontal rootstocks; spikelets and lemmas various. Intermediate nerves of the lemmas faint or obsolete. Stems compressed; panicles narrow, open........ 8. P. compressa. Stems not compressed; panicles various. Branches of the panicles reflexed........-- 9. P. aperta. Branches of the panicles not reflexed-....... 10. P. interior. Intermediate nerves of the lemmas conspicuous. Panicles with numerous many-flowered spikelets, the branches in fruit ascending (the lower ones in 3’s and 4’s); lemmas acutish...... 3. P. pratensis. Panicles usually with few-flowered spikelets, the - branches reflexed or spreading in fruit; lemmas very acute. Spikelets few, usually purplish; branches of the panicle few, solitary or in pairs. Intermediate nerves of the lemmas loneshiairy. 22.5 Sees b ete Se oo 53 4. P. arctica. Intermediate nerves of the lemmas gla- brous, the hairs on the principal nerves copious and spreading.... 5. P. reflera. Spikelets numerous, green; branches of the panicle numerous, the lower ones often in 3’s and 4’s. Lemmas only slightly pubescent on the eet DelGWe os access ene ane 6. P. occidentalis. Lemmas copiously white-pubescent on the back below, villous on the marginal nerves and keel........ 7. P. tracyi. 1. Poa annua L. Sp. Pl. 68. 1753. Low SPEARGRASS. Type Locauity: “ Habitat in Europa ad vias.” Rance: Nearly throughout the United States; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Ponchuelo Creek. Moist soil, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 100 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 2. Poa bigelovii Vasey & Scribn. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 270. 1893. Tyrpr tocaity: ‘New Mexico”, probably near Santa Fe. Type collected by Fendler (no. 931). RANGE: Colorado and Texas to California. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; Watrous; Santa Fe; Glorieta; Taos; Organ Moun- tains; White Mountains. Meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 3. Poa pratensis L. Sp. Pl. 67. 1753. KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS. Typr Locaity: “Habitat in Europae pratis fertilissimis.”’ RanGE: Nearly throughout North America; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Santa Fe Canyon; Truchas Peak; Rio Pueblo; Reserve; Cloudcroft; Raton; Albuquerque; White Mountains. Meadows and woods, in the Transition Zone. 4. Poa arctica R. Br. Suppl. App. Parry’s Voy. 288. 1824. Type LocaLity: Melville Island. Rance: New Mexico and Colorado to Washington, Alaska, and Labrador. New Mexico: Truchas Peak (Standley 4835). Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 5. Poa reflexa Vasey & Scribn. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 276. 1893. Poa leptocoma refleca Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 15, 1912. Tyre Locatity: Kelso Mountain, near Torrey Peak, Colorado. Rance: Oregon and Montana to New Mexico. New Mexico: A single coliection seen (Fendler 920), probably from near Santa Fe. Wet meadows, in the Transition Zone. 6. Poa occidentalis Vasey, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 274. 1893. Poa platyphylla Nash & Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 44. 1906. Typr Locatity: Las Vegas, New Mexico. Type collected by G. R. Vasey. Rance: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Baldy; Winsors Ranch; Sandia Mountains; Las Vegas; Santa Fe Canyon; White and Sacramento mountains. Damp meadows and thickets, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 7. Poa tracyi Vasey, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 276. 1893. . TYPE Locality: On mountain sides at Raton, New Mexico. Type collected by Tracy in 1887. Ranee: Northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. New Mexico: Raton. Hillsides, in the Transition Zone. 8. Poa compressa L. Sp. Pl. 69. 1753. ENGLISH BLUEGRASS. TyrE Locauity: “Habitat in Europae et Americae septentrionalis siccis, muris, tectis.”’ : Rance: Native of Europe and Asia, widely naturalized in the United States. New Mexico: Harveys Upper Ranch; Raton. ‘ 9. Poa aperta Scribn. & Merr. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Cire. 35: 4. 1901. Type Locatity: Telluride, Colorado. RANGE: Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Top of Sandia Mountains ( Wooton). 10. Poa interior Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 604. 1905. Type LocaLity: Headwaters of Clear Creek and Crazy Woman River, Wyoming. RANGE: Western British America to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Jemez Mountains; top of Sandia Mountains. Damp meadows, in the Canadian Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 101 11. Poa laevigata Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 5: 31. 1897. Poa laevis Vasey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 273. 1893, not Borb. 1877. Typr Locatity: Montana. RANGE: Washington and Montana to New Mexico. New Mexico: Bell; Fitzgerald Cienaga. Meadows. 12. Poa lucida Vasey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 274. 1893. Typrr LocaALity: Mountain sides near Georgetown, Colorado. Rance: Wyoming and South Dakota to New Mexico. New Mexico: Fitzgerald Cienaga ( Wooton). 13. Poa longiligula Scribn. & Williams, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Cire. 9: 3. 1899. Type Locauity: Silver Reef, Utah. Rance: Oregon and South Dakota to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec (Baker 87, 204). Low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 14. Poalongipedunculata Scribn. U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 11:54. pl. 11. 1898. Type LocaLity: Summit of Sheep Mountain, Laramie, Albany County, Wyoming. Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico. New Mexico: Raton; Barranca; Santa Fe Canyon. Hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 15. Poa brevipaniculata Scribn. & Williams, U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Circ. 9: 2. 1899. TyprE LocaLity: Table Peak, Colorado. RanGE: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Las Vegas Hot Springs; Gallinas River. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 16. Poa arida Vasey, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 270. 1893. Poa fendleriana arida Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 14. 1912. Type Locatiry: Socorro, New Mexico. Type collected by G. R. Vasey in 1881. Rance: Utah and Kansas to New Mexico. New Mexico: Socorro; Las Vegas Hot Springs; Roswell. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 17. Poa fendleriana (Steud.) Vasey, Illustr. N. Amer. Grasses 2: 74. 1893. MUTTON GRASS. Eragrostis fendleriana Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 278. 1855. Uralepis poaeoides Buckl. Proc. Acad, Phila, 1862: 94. 1863. TypE Locauity: New Mexico, probably near Santa Fe. Type collected by Fendler (no. 932). Rance: Colorado and New Mexico to California. New Mexico: Tierra Amarilla; Chama; Las Vegas Hot Springs; Santa Fe; Pecos Baldy; Bear Canyon; San Antonio; Mangas Springs; Burro Mountains; Magdalena Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains; Little Creek. Meadows and can- yons, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. The type of Uralepis poaeoides is Fendler’s 932, which is also the type of Eragrostis Sendleriana. 67. FESTUCA L. Ferscut. Annuals or perennials of various habit; spikelets several-flowered, pedicellate in narrow and dense or loose and spreading panicles; rachilla jointed above the glumes and between the florets; glumes more or less unequal, narrow, acute; Jemmas rounded 102 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, on the back, at least below, acute or tapering into a straight awn, faintly 3 to 5-nerved, not webbed at the base; stamens 3; styles very short, distinct; grain elongated, fur- rowed, frequently adnate to the palea. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Annuals or biennials. Spikelets loosely 1 to 5, rarely 6-flowered.........------------ 1. F. pacifica. Spikelets densely 8 to 13-flowered............--------------- 2. F. octoflora, Perennials. Glumes thin, the second 1-nerved, or 3-nerved only at the base; ligules long and acuminate... .......<22+2----s+2=4- 4: 3. F. thurberi. Glumes firm, the second 3 to 5-nerved; ligules various. Plants low, less than 30 cm. high..............---------- 4. F. brachyphylla. Plants tall, 60 cm. high or more. Leaf blades very narrow, filiform, involute, grayish COM fa = ANSON ae oo Se ieee oi ein ae 5. F. arizonica, Leaf blades wide, flat, bright green. Spikelets narrowly oblong, 3 to 5-flowered.....-- 6. F. sororia. Spikelets ovate or oblong, 6 to 11-flowered........ 7. F. elatior. 1. Festuca pacifica Piper, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 10: 12. 1906. Type Locality: Pullman, Washington. RANGE: British Columbia to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Ledges of Gallinas River, near Las Vegas (Cockerell). Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Festuca octoflora Walt. Fl. Carol. 81. 1788. Festuca tenella Willd. Sp. Pl. 1: 419. 1797. TYPE LOCALITY: Carolina. Rance: Throughout most of temperate North America. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Farmington; Sierra Grande; Las Vegas; Mogollon Moun- tains; Socorro; Organ Mountains; Roswell. Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Festuca thurberi Vasey in Wheeler, Rep. U.S. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 292. pl. 29. 1879. Festuca scabrella vaseyana Hack.; Beal, Grasses N. Amer. 2: 603. 1896. TypE LocaAity: Twin Lakes, Colorado. Rance: Wyoming to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Beattys Cabin; Sandia Mountains; Baldy. Meadows, in the Canadian Zone. 4. Festuca brachyphylla Schult. Mant. 3: 646. 1827. Festuca brevifolia R. Br. Suppl. App. Parry’s Voy. 188. 1824, not Muhl. 1817. Festuca ovina brevifolia 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 389. 1871. Type tocauity: Melville Island. RanGE: British America to New Mexico and Vermont. New Mexico: Las Vegas Range; Winsors Ranch; Truchas Peak; Baldy; Albu- querque. Meadows, in the Hudsonian and Arctic-Alpine zones. 5. Festuca arizonica Vasey, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 277. 1893. ARIZONA FESCUE. Tyre Ltocatity: Near Flagstaff, Arizona. RanGE: Utah and Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Raton Mountains; Chama; Grants Station; Winsors Ranch; Trout Spring; Johnsons Mesa; Rio Pueblo; San Lorenzo; West Fork of the Gila; White Mountains. Open slopes, in the Canadian Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 103 6. Festuca sororia Piper, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 197. 1913. Tyrer LocaLity: Rincon Mountains, Arizona. Rance: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains (Standley 7714); Hillsboro Peak ( Metcalfe 1236). 7. Festuca elatior L. Sp. Pl. 75. 1753. MEADOW FESCUE. Festuca pratensis Huds, Fl. Angl. 37. 1762. Type Locauity: ‘“‘Habitat in Europae pratis fertilissimis.”’ Rance: Native of Europe, widely introduced into the United States, sometimes cultivated for hay. New Mexico: Harveys Upper Ranch; Winsors Ranch; Mesilla Valley. 68. PANICULARIA Fabr. Manna GRASS. Tall aquatic perennials with flat leaves and usually diffuse terminal panicles; spikelets few to many-flowered, terete or slightly flattened, in narrow or spreading panicles; rachilla jointed between the florets, usually smooth; glumes unequal, shorter than the lemmas, obtuse or acute, 1 to 3-nerved; lemmas smooth or scabrous, rounded on the back, herbaceous except at the scarious and-usually blunt apex, 5 to 9-nerved, the nerves usually prominent; palea a little shorter than the lemma, 2-nerved; stamens 2 or 3; styles short, distinct; grain oblong, smooth, free, or when dry slightly adherent to the palea. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Spincicis.lineds 12 mm) lone or more... 2:..022.0.25.25- 25558 2... We Py boreal: Spikelets ovate or oblong, 6 mm. long or less. Spikelets 3 mm. long or less; branches of the panicle drooping.... 2. P. nervata. - Spikelets 4 to 6 mm. Jong; branches of the panicle ascending or IONS teeta eas loins cia afew de eal sa a2 a1 mines oie sles hae 3. P. grandis. 1. Panicularia borealis Nash, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 348. 1897. Glyceria borealis Piper, Fl. Palouse 27. 1901. TypE Locauity: Van Buren, Maine. Rancz: Alaska and Maine to California, New Mexico, and New York. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains (Standley 7540). In swamps, in the Canadian Zone. 2. Panicularia nervata (Willd.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 783. 1891. Poa nervata Willd. Sp. Pl. 1 2389. 1797. Glyceria nervata Trin. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. VI. Math. Phys. Nat. 1: 365. 1830. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in America boreali.’’ Rance: British America to California, Mexico, and Florida. New Mexico: Chama; Tunitcha Mountains; Winsors Ranch; Rio Pueblo; Santa Fe Canyon; Mogollon Creek; Wheelers Ranch. In wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 3. Panicularia grandis (S. Wats.) Nash in Britt. & Brown, Illustr. Fl. ed. 2. 1: 265. 1913. Poa aquatica americana Torr. Fl. North. & Mid. U. 8. 1: 108. 1824. Glyceria grandis S. Wats. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 6. 667. 1890. Panicularia americana MacM. Met. Minn. Val. 81. 1892. Tyrer Locautity: Northeastern United States. Rance: British America to Nevada, New Mexico, and Tennessee. New Mexico: Pecos; Taos; Las Vegas; Albuquerque; Middle Fork of the Gila. Wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 104 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 69. PUCCINELLIA Parl. Mrapow Grass. Cespitose perennial with flat leaves and narrow terminal panicles; spikelets as in Panicularia but with usually smaller lemmas, the nerves less distinct or obscure. 1. Puccinellia airoides (Nutt.) Wats. & Coult. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 6. 668. 1890. Poa airoides Nutt. Gen. Pl. 1: 68. 1818. Panicularia distans airoides Scribn. Mem. Torrey Club 5: 54. 1894. Type Locauity: ‘‘In depressed situations around the Mandan village, on the Missouri.”’ Ranee: British America to Nevada and New Mexico. New Mexico: Shiprock; Farmington; Arroyo Pecos near Las Vegas. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 70. AGROPYRON Gaertn. WHEAT GRASS. Tall perennials with erect simple culms and often bearded terminal spikes; spike- lets 3 to many-flowered, closely sessile and single at each notch of the axis; rachilla articulated above the glumes under each lemma; glumes 2, narrower and usually shorter than the lemmas, acute or awned; lemmas rounded on the back or slightly keeled above, 5 to 7-nerved, acute or awned from the apex, rarely obtuse; palea 2- keeled, bristly-ciliate on the keels; grain pubescent at the apex, usually adherent to the palea. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Rachis of the spike breaking up at maturity, the joints falling With the spikelets... . 0 3226.2.5:- eet gee tee eee 1. A. scribneri. Rachis of the spike continuous, not breaking up at maturity. Awns of the lemmas conspicuous. Awns erect. Awns short, not exceeding the body of the lemma; spikes usually tinged with purple. - < Awns long, usually exceeding the oie of ‘the lemma; spikes not purplish tinged. Stems stout; spikes 7 to 10 mm. wide, usually unilateral; spikelets (excluding the awns) 12 tos nim: One 5 2 ee ee 3. A. richardsoni. Stems slender; spikes about 5 mm. wide, seldom unilateral; spikelets (excluding the awns) bo hs . violaceum. SbOub Ht. Wome oe Se ee eee 4, A. caninum. Awns divergent. Spikelets subterete, more or less crowded........-. 5. A. bakeri. Spikelets flattened, distant. Slguves scabrous above.".". 5 5. -ae5< 2+ ae eee 6. A. arizonicum. Leaves glabrous =. 5.30. atte ase ee See 7. A. spicatum. Awns of the lemmas not conspicuous. Plants bright green, not glaucous. Plants cespitose; spikelets small, few-flowered..... 8. A. tenerum. Plants stoloniferous; spikelets large, many-flowered. 9. A. pseudorepens. Plants conspicuously glaucous. Sheaths pubescent... . . ..2ckeicnbeiee.. fase 10. A. palmeri. Sheaths glabrous. Lemmas scabrous or glabrous. .........-.------ 11. A. smithit. Lemmas pubescent... -.-.. 22. sae ee eee 12. A. molle. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 105 1. Agropyron scribneri Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 10: 128. 1893. Elymus scribneri Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 20. 1912. Type LocaLity: Montana. Rance: Montana to northern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Top of Las Vegas Range (Cockerell). Meadows in the mountains, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 2. Agropyron violaceum (Hornem.) Lange, Consp. Fl. Groenland. 3: 155. 1880. Triticum violaceum Hornem. Fl. Dan. pl. 2044. 1832. Type Locauity: Southern Greenland. ; Rance: British America to Pennsylvania and New Mexico. New Mexico: Rio Pueblo; Sandia Mountains; White Mountain Peak. 3. Agropyron richardsoni (Trin.) Schrad.; Shear, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 29. 1897. Triticum richardsont Trin. Linnaea 12: 467. 1838. Tyrer Locauitry: ‘‘ America borealis arctica?.”’ RanGE: British Columbia and New England to California and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Beattys Cabin (Standley 4856). Meadows, in the Canadian Zone. 4. Agropyron caninum (L.) Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 756. 1817. Triticum caninum L. Sp. Pl. 86. 1753. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in Europae sepibus.”’ Rance: Idaho and Nova Scotia to New Mexico and North Carolina; also in Europe. New Mexico: Truchas Peak (Standley 4831): Meadows, in the Hudsonian Zone. 5. Agropyron bakeri E. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 38: 378. 1904. Typr LocaLity: Near Pagosa Peak, southern Colorado. Rance: Mountains of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Baldy; Sandia Mountains; White Mountain Peak. Hudsonian and Arctic-Alpie zones. 6. Agropyron arizonicum. Scribn. & Smith, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 27. 1897. TYPE LOCALITY: Rincon Mountains, Arizona. Rance: Mountains of Arizona and New Mexico to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Laguna; Jemez Mountains; Bear Mountain; Mogollon Mountains; Organ Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Alamogordo. Transition Zone. 7. Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. & Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 33. 1897. Festuca spicata Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 83. 1814. Agropyron divergens Nees in Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 1: 347. 1854. Tyre Locatity: ‘‘Camp Chopunnish,’’ opposite Kamiah, Idaho. Rance: Washington and Montana to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Bear Mountain; Socorro. Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 8. Agropyron tenerum Vasey, Bot. Gaz. 10: 258. 1885. SLENDER WHEAT GRASS. Typer LocaLity: Fort Garland, Colorado. RANGE: British America to New Mexico and New Hampshire. New Mexico: Dulce; Raton; Las Vegas; Torrance; Johnsons Mesa; Glorieta; Chama; Cubero; Albuquerque; North Percha Creek; Mangas Springs; White Mountains. Mountains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. This is a rather valuable range grass in the mountains and is often cut for hay. 9. Agropyron pseudorepens Scribn. & Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 34. 1897. Agropyron tenerum pseudorepens Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 19. 1912. 106 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. TYPE LOCALITY: Texas. RanaeE: British Columbia and Montana to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Farmington; Carrizo Mountains; Pecos; San- dia Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Raton Mountains; Albuquerque; Fort Bayard; Socorro; Mogollon Creek; Roy; White and Sacramento mountains. Moist hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 10. Agropyron palmeri (Scribn. & Smith) Rydb.; Woot. & Standl. N. Mex. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 81: 153. 1912. Agropyron spicatum palmeri Scribn. & Smith, U.S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 33. 1897. Agropyron smithii palmeri Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 18. 1912. TYPE LocaLity: Arizona. Rance: Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Wheelers Ranch; Coolidge; Santa Fe; Agua Azul. 11. Agropyron smithii Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 64. 1900. COLORADO BLUESTEM. Agropyron glaucum occidentale Scribn. Trans. Kans. Acad. 9: 119. 1885. Agropyron occidentale Scribn. U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Cire. 27: 9. 1900. TYPE LocALity: Kansas. Rance: Washington and Wisconsin to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Chama; Shiprock; Dulce; Carrizo Mountains; Sierra Grande; Tunit- cha Mountains; Pecos; Cowles; Taos; Johnsons Mesa; Raton; Coolidge; Puertecito; Gallo Spring; Mangas Springs; Reserve; Socorro; Nogal; White Mountains. Plains and meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. Colorado bluestem is a valuable range grass, occurring in great abundance on the foothills and the higher plains. 12. Agropyron molle (Scribn. & Smith) Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 65. 1900. Agropyron spicatum molle Scribn. & Smith, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 33. 1897. Agropyron smith molle Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 18. 1912. Typre Locauity: ‘Saskatchewan to Colorado and New Mexico, and westward to Idaho and Washington.”’ Rance: Washington and Saskatchewan to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Raton; Chama; Farmington. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 71. LOLIUM LL. Rye erass. Annuals or perennials with simple erect culms, flat leaves, and simple terminal spikes; spikelets several-flowered, solitary, sessile in alternate notches of the con- tinuous rachis, one edge of each spikelet placed against the rachis; rachilla jointed between the florets; glumes 1 (2 in the terminal spikelet), shorter than or exceeding the florets; lemmas rounded on the back, 5 to 7-nerved, obtuse, acute, or awned; palea 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles very short, distinct; grain smooth, adherent to the palea. 1. Lolium perenne L. Sp. Pl. 83. 1753. Type Locariry: ‘‘Habitat in Europa ad agrorum versuras solo fertili.’’ Rance: Native of Europe, introduced in many parts of North America. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe; Agricultural College. 72. HORDEUM L. Annuals or perennials with terminal cylindrical spikes of awned spikelets; spike- lets 1-flowered, 2 or 3 together at each joint of the rachis, sessile or on very short pedicels; rachilla articulated above the glumes and continued behind the palea of WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 107 the central spikelet into a naked bristle; glumes 2, narrowly lanceolate, subulate, or setaceous, rigid, persistent; lemmas lanceolate, rounded on the back, obscurely 5-nerved above, usually awned; palea shorter than the lemma, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles very short, distinct; grain sulcate, adherent to the palea. KEY TO THE SPECIES. PA ANeOUY LITOUPNOUL. ca... ses, 2 = ns oe qe eee we cee sees 1. H. murinum. Plants not glaucous. “SL PEASG Gers AIG cid C0 penn me pe eRe 2. H. jubatum. Glumes | to 2 cm. long. Awns spreading; spikes yellowish...............-...... 3. H. caespitosum. Awns erect; spikes reddish or brownish green........... 4. H. nodosum. 1. Hordeum murinum L. Sp. Pl. 85. 1753. WALL BARLEY. Type Ltocauity: ‘“‘Habitat in Europae locis ruderatis.”’ Rance: Native of Europe, widely naturalized in the United States. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Mesilla Valley. 2. Hordeum jubatum L. Sp. Pl. 85. 1753. SQUIRREL-TAIL GRASS. TyrrE Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Canada.”’ Rance: Alaska and British America to California, New Mexico, and Missouri. New Mexico: Farmington; Carrizo Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Raton; Sierra Grande; Magdalena Mountains; Pecos; Torrance; Rio Pueblo; Mora; Pescado Spring; Santa Fe; Kingston; White Mountains. Plains and meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. Often a troublesome weed in cultivated ground. 3. Hordeum caespitosum Scribn. in Pammel, Proc. Davenport Acad. 7: 245. 1899. Type Locauity: Edgemont, South Dakota. Rance: Wyoming and South Dakota to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Farmington (Standley 6904). Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Hordeum nodosum IL. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 126. 1762. MEADOW BARLEY. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in Italia, Anglia.” Rance: Temperate North America, Asia, and Europe. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Ramah; Grants Station; El Rito Creek; Rio Pueblo. Wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 73. SITANION Raf. Cespitose perennials with mostly flat leaves and terminal bearded spikes; spike- lets usually 2, sometimes 3 or 1, at each joint of the rachis, 2 to several-flowered; glumes many-parted from near the base or merely bifid, or subulate and entire, awned; lemmas terminating in a single long awn, or trifid and 3-awned; palea as long as the lemma, entire, bidentate, or 2-awned. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Glumes bifid from about the middle, the lobes abruptly divergent. “SUN SENI EMUISTT Gavia For 0 Sapa hares lane ic les aon patois De, ae 1. S. molle. Sheaths not villous. eMSCOB IS) 10 Sele WORN noo 2 se Stale seen tan eee shee as a 2. S. caespitosum. Game Old CHU OM or a tok eas 3. S. rigidum. Glumes entire, subulate-setaceous. j ol ieaves loupe and: lexuous: 3.0.0: eset ge. YIP .2 e 4. S.longifolium. Culm leaves short, rigid, spreading. Lemmas 10 mm. long, glaucous: :.2.......--..--22.-2---: 5. S. brevifolium. Lemmas 7 mm. long, soft-pubescent.............-.------- 6. S. pubiflorum. 108 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Sitanion molle J. G. Smith, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 18: 17. 1899. Tyre Locauity: East side Buffalo Pass, Larimer County, Colorado. Rance: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Craters; north of Ramah; Box S Spring; Chama. Open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. Sitanion caespitosum J. G. Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 18: 16. 1899. Tyre tocauity: Near Cliff, New Mexico. Type collected by J. G. Smith in 1897. Rance: Southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Near Cliff; Mangas Canyon. 8. Sitanion rigidum J. G. Smith, U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 18: 13. 1899. Type Locatity: Cascade Mountains, Washington. Rance: Washington and California to Wyoming and New Mexico. New Mexico: Summit of Organ Peak (Standley). 4. Sitanion longifolium J. G. Smith, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 18: 18. 1899. Tyrer Locatity: Near Silverton, Colorado. RANGE: Wyoming and Kansas to Texas and Nevada. New Mexico: Abundant from the Mogollon Mountains and Organ Mountains north- ward to Las Vegas and westward across the State. Plains and rocky hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 5. Sitanion brevifolium J. G. Smith, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 18: 17. 1899. Elymus brevifolius Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 14: 20. 1912. TYPE LocaLiry: Tucson, Arizona. Rance: Washington to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Rio Pueblo; Sandia Mountains; Tierra Amarilla; Santa Fe Canyon; Duran; Chama; Grants; Gallo Spring; Mangas Springs; Middle Fork of the Gila; Organ Mountains; Gilmores Ranch. Plains and hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Tran- sition zones. 6. Sitanion pubiflorum J. G. Smith, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 18: 19. 1899. TypPE LocaLiry: Tucson, Arizona. RANGE: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Cedar Hill; Sierra Grande; Raton; Las Vegas Hot Springs; Santa Fe; San Augustine Plains; Animas Creek; Reserve; Roswell. Upper Sonoran Zone. 74. ELYMUS L. Wu rye. Tall erect perennials With flat leaves and closely flowered terminal spikes; spikelets 2 to 6-flowered, the uppermost imperfect, sessile, mostly in pairs, at the alternate notches of the continuous or jointed rachis, forming terminal spikes; rachilla jointed above the glumes and between the florets; glumes 2, nearly equal, rigid, narrow, 1 or 3-nerved, acute or awn-pointed, persistent; lemmas shorter than the glumes, rounded on the back, obscurely 5-nerved, obtuse, acute, or awned from the apex; palea a little shorter than the.lemma, 2-keeled; stamens 3; styles short; grain adherent to the lemmas and paleas. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Lemmas not awned or with very short awns. Glumes aristiform or narrowly subulate; spikelets usually Dib Caan ONS < 2asc ccs e's 0's" oc: Se weenie ed ee cet 1. E. triticoides. Glumes lanceolate-subulate; spikelets usually single........ 2. E. simplex. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 109 Lemmas long-awned. Spikes narrow; spikelets erect. Leaves 7 to 15 mm. wide, spreading; glumes lanceolate, acuminate to short- awned.. someon = . 3. E. glaucus. Leaves less than 5 mm. wide, oatly Soe hanes narrowly linear lanieeolate, long-awned.........- 4. EB. macounit. Spikes broad; spikelets spreading. areas PA BROUS eo os ns oe wegen = Sew s aes 2 7. E. brachystachys. Lemmas pubescent. Lemmas hirsute or villous.......... Poeeee eee, Ey canadensis: Lemmas strigose- aHignidulouss or bocabrotig: ERE ett ee 6. E. robustus. 1. Elymus triticoides Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 99. 1863. Type LocaLity: ‘“ Rocky Mountains.”’ Rance: Washington and California to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: White Mountain Peak; Mesilla Valley. Lower Sonoran to the Tran- sition Zone. 2. Elymus simplex Scribn. & Williams, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 11:57. 1898. TypE Locality: On banks of Green River, Wyoming. RANGE: Oregon and Wyoming to northern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains Hispania 7466). Dry plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Elymus glaucus Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 99. 1863. Elymus americanus Vasey & Scribn.; Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 2: 245. 1888. Elymus sibiricus americanus Wats. & Coult. in A. Gray, Man. ed. 6. 673. 1890. Type Locauity: “Columbia River.”’ Rance: Alaska and California to Texas and the Great Lakes. New Mexico: Chama; Tunitcha Mountains; Winsors Ranch; Johnsons Mesa. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. 4. Elymus macounii Vasey, Bull. Torrey Club 13: 119. 1886. Typr Locatiry: ‘‘Great Plains of British America.” RANGE: Manitoba and Saskatchewan to Nebraska and New Mexico. New Mexico: Albuquerque (Tracy). Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Elymus canadensis L. Sp. Pl. 83. 1753. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Canada.”’ RanGeE: British America to New Mexico and Texas. New Mexico: Farmington; Raton Mountains; Pecos; Santa Fe; Las Vegas; Pescado Spring; Kingston; Sabinal; Mesilla Valley; White Mountains. Damp ground, Lower Sonoran to Transition Zone. 6. Elymus robustus Scribn. & Smith, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 4: 37, 1897. Type Locauitry: Illinois. Rance: Montana and Illinois to New Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs. 7. Elymus brachystachys Scribn. & Ball, U. 8. Dept. Agr. Div. Agrost. Bull. 24: 47. f. 21. 1901. Typrr LocaLity: Oklahoma. RANGE: South Dakota and Michigan to Mexico. New Mexico: Black Range. Moist ground. 110 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 14, CYPERACEAE. Sedge Family. Grasslike or rushlike herbs; stems usually solid; roots fibrous; leaves narrow, with closed sheaths, the whole leaf sometimes reduced to a sheath; flowers perfect or unisexual, arranged in spikelets, one in the axil of each scale, the spikelets solitary or clustered, 1 to many-flowered; perianth of bristles or wanting; stamens 1 to 3; styles 2 or 3; fruit a lenticular or trigonous achene. KEY TO THE GENERA. Flowers all unisexual, usually in separate spikes. Achenes inclosed in a perigynium; glumes 1-flowered. 8. Carex (p. 116). Achenes not inclosed in a perigynium; glumes BMOWOLCG veoh a - een bce Tae eee sa ee 9. Kopresia (p. 124). Flowers all, or at least part of them, perfect; spikelets similar. Scales of the spikelets 2-ranked; spikelets more or less HAUEREU (coos asec + osev set eesteaes = aaemaeee 1. Cyperus (p. 110). Scales of the spikelets imbricated spirally in several ranks; spikelets not flattened. Perianth bristles much elongated, woolly......-.. 7. ErropHorum (p. 116). Perianth bristles short or wanting. Spikelets 1 to 4-flowered; plants large, about J ameter hiph “|eary.oo: se. Se a 2. CLADIUM (p. 112). Spikelets several to many-flowered; plants mostly low. Base of the style persistent, enlarged. Leaves reduced to sheaths; spikelets SOLU ANY: £5 65 Sea ene eee 3. ELEocHaris (p. 112). Leaves not reduced; spikelets several, ; mostly paniculate..........-. 4, STENOPHYLLUS (p. 114). Base of the style deciduous, enlarged or narrow. Perianth consisting of bristles........ 5. Scrrpus (p. 114). Perianth of a single hyaline scale.... 6. HemIcARPHA (p. 116). 1. CYPERUS L. Tufted or simple-stemmed annuals or perennials, 50 cm. high or less, with basal leaves and triangular stems, the flowers in headlike clusters or unequally branched umbels subtended by leaflike bracts; spikelets flattened or cylindric; glumes decid- uous, or if persistent the spikelets falling entire, 2-ranked; flowers perfect; perianth none; stamens 1 to 3; achene without a tubercle. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Annual; plants small, 5 to 15cm. high; tips of the bracts subulate, conspicuously reflexed; inflorescence capitate...........-- 1. C. inflexus. Perennials (rarely annual); plants taller, more than 15 cm. high; tips of the bracts mostly erect, rarely spreading; inflores- cence various. Spikelets ovate to ovate-oblong (4 to 5 mm. long, crowded at” the ends of the rather long, subequal rays of the umbel). 2. @. cyrtolepis. Spikelets linear to narrowly oblong. | Spikelets narrowly oblong; scales of the flowers not over- lapping, especially in fruit (very strongly nerved). Inflorescence crowded, subcapitate............------ 3. C. fendlerianus. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, eel Inflorescence a compound umbel with unequal rays. Glumes as broad as long, 2 mm. long or less, mu- cronulate, usually green........-.-....:.. 4. C. rusbyi. Glumes twice as long as broad, 3 mm. long, acuminate into a spreading awn, yellowish MRONUR Sa Seis eis io claele eS op 5 ae Wace 5. C. schweinitzii. Spikelets linear; scales of the flowers overlapping from one-half to two-thirds their length. Spikelets deciduous as a whole when mature. Spikelets with few, usually 2 or 3, flowers...... 6. C. uniflorus. Spikelets with 6 to 9 flowers..................... 7. C. speciosus. Scales of the spikelets falling from the rachilla. Rachilla narrowly winged, the wings adnate; plants stout, stoloniferous; spikelets loose- JOE TS] f2 gs ee, ee a eee eee 8. C. esculentus. Wings of the rachilla not adnate, forming scales anterior to the flower; plants and spikelets various. Spikelets densely crowded; flowers numerous, about 20 to the spikelet; scales of the flower not bordered with red; plants StOoWhemeeceas sesamiae cae ae 9. C. erythrorhizos. Spikelets fewer, loosely clustered; flowers 12 . to the spikelet or less; scales red- margined; plants slender............-.- 10. C. sphacelatus. 1. Cyperus inflexus Muhl. Descr. Gram. 16. 1817. Type LOCALITY: Pennsylvania. RANGE: British America south to Mexico. New Mexico: Cedar Hill; Shiprock; West Fork of the Gila; Santa Rita; San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains. Moist ground, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Cyperus cyrtolepis Torr. & Hook. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 8: 436. 1836. Type LOCALITY: ‘‘Texas.”’ Rance: Oklahoma to Texas and Arizona. New Mexico: A single specimen, without locality, seen. 3. Cyperus fendlerianus Boeckel. Linnaea 35: 520. 1868. Type Locatiry: Near Santa Fe, New Mexico. Typecollected by Fendler (no. 865). Rance: Arizona and western Texas to Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Wagon Mound; Magdalena; Mangas Springs; Black Range; San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 4. Cyperus rusbyi Britton, Bull. Torrey Club 11: 29. 1884. Type Ltocauity: Near Silver City, New Mexico. Type collected by Rusby in 1880. Rance: Mountains of New Mexico and western Texas. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila; Silver City; Animas Valley; San Luis Moun- tains; Organ Mountains; Arroyo Ranch; Gray; Elida; Queen. Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 5. Cyperus schweinitzii Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 3: 276. 1836. Type Locanity: Dry sand on the shore of Lake Ontario, near Greece, Monroe County, New York. 112 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. RanGE: British America to New Mexico and Kansas. * New Mexico: Clayton; Elida; Arroyo Ranch; Nara Visa. Sandy soil, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. Cyperus uniflorus Torr. & Hook. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 3: 431. 1836. Type LOCALITY: Texas. RANGE: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; sands south of Melrose. Dry soil, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. Cyperus speciosus Vahl, Enum. Pl. 2: 364. 1806. Cyperus michauxianus Schult. Mant. 2: 123. 1824. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in Virginia.”’ RancGE: Throughout most of the United States. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Roswell. Wet ground. 7a. Cyperus speciosus squarrosus Britton, Bull. Torrey Club 13: 214. 1886. Type Locauitry: ‘‘New Mexico.” This differs from the species in having the scales spreading to recurved, and red- dish. Reported from New Mexico by Dr. N. L. Britton. Based on Fendler’s 870, which probably came from near Santa Fe. 8. Cyperus esculentus L. Sp. Pl. 45. 1753. Nut GRAss. Cyperus phymatodes Muhl. Descr. Gram. 23. 1817. TYPE Loca.ity: ‘‘ Habitat Monspelii, inque Italia, Oriente.’’ RANGE: British America and southward throughout the United States and tropical America; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Las Vegas; Albuquerque; Hillsboro; San Luis Mountains; Mesilla Valley; Belen; White Mountains; Gray; Roswell. Wet ground, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 9. Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. Descr. Gram. 20. 1817. TyPrE LocALIty: Pennsylvania. Rance: Throughout most of the United States. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley. Wet ground, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 10. Cyperus sphacelatus Rottb. Descr. Pl. 26. 1786. Type LocaLity: Surinam. Rance: In the southern and southwestern United States and in tropical America. New Mexico: Organ Mountains (Wooton 620). Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. CLADIUM R. Br. Saw GRASS. Coarse leafy perennial with cylindric stems about a meter high; spikelets small, in large, much branched, terminal panicles; glumes overlapping, the lower empty, the middle with unisexual flowers, the uppermost with perfect flowers; perianth none; stamens 2 or 3; styles not persistent; achenes ovoid to globose, smooth or longitudinally ridged. 1. Cladium jamaicense Crantz, Inst. Herb. 1: 362. 1766. Cladium effusum Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 8: 374. 1836. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. RANGE: Virginia and Florida to Texas and New Mexico; also in the West Indies. New Mexico: Roswell. In shallow water. 38. ELEOCHARIS R. Br. SPIKE RUSH. Annual or perennial scapose herbs, 15 to 30 cm. high or more, the leaves reduced to basal sheaths, the solitary terminal spikes without subtending bracts; stems cylindric, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. aia bs flattened, or angular, erect; spikelets small; perianth of 1 to 12 bristles; stamens 2 or 3; base of style swollen, persistent as a tubercle on the lenticular or 3-angled achene. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Style branches 2. Annuals; bristles shorter than the achenes; spikes oblong- cylindric; tubercle broad and low.............-.-..-- 1. E. engelmanni. Perennial by rootstocks; bristles longer than achenes; spikes and tubercles various. Plants stout; tubercles conic-triangular...............- 2. E. palustris. Plants slender; tubercles almost cylindrical. egos! tees 3. E. glaucescens. Styles branches 3. Plants very small, 3 to 10 cm. high; fruit obovoid-oblong, with numerous longitudinal ridges and finer transverse ones. 6. E. acicularis. Plants larger, 20 cm. high or more; fruit various. Tubercles constricted at the base, clearly distinct from the achene; plants slender, with slender root- BIDE IcH sat Pe wae ea ah oa ats aria ple gis ailale Eline. = pte 4. E. montana, Tubercles apparently confluent with the achene, cylin- dric; plants stouter, not stoloniferous. ..........-. 5. E. rostellata. 1. Eleocharis engelmanni Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 2: 79. 1855. ‘Type Locatity: St. Louis, Missouri. Rance: New England to California. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila (Meteal Je 589). In wet soil. 2. Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 151. 1817. Scirpus palustris L. Sp. Pl. 47. 1758. TYPE LOCALITY: European. Rance: Throughout North America except in the extreme northern part. New Mexico: Chama; Farmington; Jewett; Mule Creek; Mesilla Valley. In wet soil, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 8. Eleocharis glaucescens (Willd.) Schult. Mant. 2: 89. 1824. Scirpus glaucescens Willd. Enum. Pl. 76. 1809. Eleocharis palustris glaucescens A. Gray, Man. 558. 1848. Type Locatiry: ‘‘ Habitat in America boreali.’’ Ranee: Throughout North America except in the extreme north. New Mexico: Santa Fe Creek; Pecos; Las Vegas. Wet soil, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Eleocharis montana (H. B. K.) Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 153. 1817. Scirpus montanus H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1: 226. 1816. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘In monte Quindiu,’’ Colombia. Ran@e: Colorado to California, southward to South America. New Mexico: Zuni Reservation; Las Vegas; Bear Canyon; Rio Pueblo; Wheelers Ranch; Berendo Creek; Rincon; Apache Teju; Mesilla Valley; Silver Spring Canyon; Mangas Springs. Wet soil,in the Lower and Upper Sonoran and the Transition zones. 5. Eleocharis rostellata Torr. Fi. N. Y. 2: 347. 1843. Scirpus rostellatus Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 3: 318. 1836. TyPE LocaLity: Penn Yan, New York. Raneae: Throughout North America except in the extreme northern part. New Mexico: Grant County; plains north of the White Sands. In wet soil, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 52576°—15——_8 114 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 6. Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2: 154. 1817. Scirpus acicularis L. Sp. Pl. 48. 1753. TYPE LocaLity: European. Rance: Throughout North America except in the extreme northern part; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; West Fork of the Gila; Cloverdale. Wet soil. Eleocharis capitata R. Br. and E. atropurpurea (Retz.) Kunth may come into New Mexico, as they occur wey close to our borders. 4. STENOPHYLLUS Raf. Small grasslike annuals, 15 cm. high or mostly less, with basal leaves and umbel- late or capitate flower clusters of small spikelets subtended by 1 to several bracts; flowers perfect; glumes overlapping; perianth none; stamens 2 or 3; style swollen at the base and persistent; achenes 3-angled or lenticular. KEY TO THE SPECIES. s Achenes longitudinally ribbed and transversely roughened; plants 10 to 15 cm. high; spikelets solitary or umbellate on the same Pile Gn coc eee in le oe a ee oie ae oe ee Sie eee 1. S. capillaris. Achenes rugose; plants 8 cm. high or less; spikelets solitary at the summit of the culm and also at the bases of the leaves........ 2. S. funckit. 1. Stenophyllus capillaris (L.) Britton, Bull. Torrey Club 21: 30. 1894. Scirpus capillaris L. Sp. Pl. 49. 1753. Fimbristylis capillaris A. Gray, Man. 530. 1848. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Virginia, Aethiopia, Zeylona.”’ Rance: Throughout North America except in the extreme northern part; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Mogollon Moanin: Santa Rita; San Luis Mountains; Organ Moun- tains. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Stenophyllus funckii (Steud.) Britton, Bull. Torrey Club 21: 30. 1894. Isolepis funckii Steud. Syn. Pl. Glum. 2: 91. 1855. Scirpus heterocarpus 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 171. 1883. TyPE Locauity: Venezuela. Rance: Arizona and New Mexico, southward through tropical America to Bolivia. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila (Metcalfe 661). Wet ground. 5. SCIRPUS L. Butruss. Annuals or perennials, sometimes small and grasslike, sometimes tall (1 meter or more), with reduced basal leaves or sheaths; spikelets cylindric or somewhat flat- tened, spirally imbricated, in terminal clusters, single, capitate, or umbellate, sub- tended by 1 to several bracts; flowers perfect; perianth of 1 to 6 bristles (rarely none); stamens 2 or 3; style not swollen at the base; achenes triangular or lenticular. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Involucral bracts 1 or 2 or none. Spikelets solitary, terminal; involucral bracts none...........- 1. S. pauciflorus. Spikelets several, seemingly lateral; involucral bracts 1 or 2. Culms terete; involucral bracté' 2. 2-02.33 S6f 2 ose 5. S. occidentalis. Culms triangular; involucral bract 1, seeming to be a pro- longation of the culm. Involucral bract short, 3 em. long or less, barely ex- ceeding the spikelets, these generally 4 to 6, crowded; leaves about one-fifth the length of bhe culm. -. ise. Sateen pee eee 2. S. olneyt. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 115 Involucral bract 4 to 10 cm. long, much exceeding the spikelets, these few, frequently only 1; leaves half as long as the culm or more............... 3. S. americanus, Involucral bracts of several flat leaves much exceeding the com- pound umbellate inflorescence. Culms triangular; spikelets large, 10 to 20 mm. long, light yel- lowish brown; inflorescence a simple umbel or in young PAM CANTAUE, 25 conte kody stains « Syaat}-'cea tee Bh derepe e's 4, S. brittonianus, Culms terete; spikelets small, 2 to 7 mm. long, greenish; inflo- rescence a once or twice compound umbellate oes with numerous unequal rays. Style branches 2; achenes rounded on the back; inflores- cence ie compound; spikelets not capitate...-... 6. S.microcarpus. Style branches 3; achenes angled on the back; inflores- cence generally once compound; spikelets densely capitate at the ends of the rays.....-.....---..---. 7. S. atrovirens. 1. Scirpus pauciflorus Lightf. Fl. Scot. 1078. 1777. Eleocharis pauciflorus Link, Hort. Berol. 1: 284. 1827. Tyre Ltocauity: Highlands of Scotland. Ranc_E: British America to New York, New Mexico, and California; also in Europe. New Mexico: A single specimen without locality seen. It is probable that the plant is not uncommon in the mountains of New Mexico but has been overlooked by collectors. 2. Scirpus olneyi A. Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 5: 238. 1845. Tyre Locauity: In a salt marsh on the Seekonk River, Rhode Island. RanaeE: Across the United States. New Mexico: Salt Lake; Santa Rita; Dog Spring; Round Mountain. Wet alkaline soil, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Scirpus americanus Pers, Syn. Pl. 1: 68. 1805. Scirpus pungens Vahl, Enum. Pl. 2: 255. 1808. Typr Locauity: ‘‘ Hab. in Carolina inferiore.”’ RanGeE: Throughout North America; also in South America. New Mexico: Farmington; Carrizo Mountains; Taos; San Juan; Wheelers Ranch; Berendo Creek; Rincon; Mesilla Valley. In swamps, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 4. Scirpus brittonianus Piper, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 11: 157. 1906. Scirpus campestris Britton in Britt. & Brown, Illustr. Fl. 1: 267. 1896, not Roth, 1800. Scirpus robustus campestris Fernald, Rhodora 2: 241. 1900. TYPE Loca.ity: ‘‘On wet prairies and plains, Manitoba and Minnesota to Nebraska, Kansas, and Mexico, west to Nevada.”’ RaneeE: As under type locality. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Farmington; Salt Lake; Mesilla Valley; near Carrizozo; Roswell. Wet ground, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 5. Scirpus occidentalis (S. Wats.) Chase, Rhodora 6: 68. 1904. Scirpus lacustris occidentalis S. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 218. 1880. TYPE LocALITy: San Diego County, California. Ran@eE: British Columbia and California to New England. New Mexico: Shiprock; Farmington; Gallo Spring; Mangas Springs; Berendo Creek; Mesilla Valley; Roswell; Carrizozo. Wet ground, in the Lower aud Upper Sonoran zones. 116 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 6. Scirpus microcarpus Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1: 195. 1828. Scirpus lenticularis Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 8: 328. 1836. Scirpus sylvaticus digynus Boeckel. Linnaea 36: 727. 1870. Type Locauity: Nootka Sound, Vancouver Island. Rance: British America and New England to California, Utah, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; West Fork of the Gila; Mimbres River. Wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 7. Scirpus atrovirens Muhl. Descr. Gram. 43. 1817. TyPE LocALity: Pennsylvania. Rance: Northeastern Atlantic States west to Alberta, south in the Rocky Moun- tains to New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos (Standley 5104). Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. HEMICARPHA Nees. Low tufted grasslike annual, 10 cm. high or less, with erect or spreading, slender leaves and small, terminal, headlike or solitary spikelets with 1 to 3 leaflike bracts surrounding and much exceeding them; glumes spirally imbricated, deciduous; perianth wanting; stamen 1; achene obovoid-oblong, little compressed, brown. 1. Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl) Britton, Bull. Torrey Club 21: 34. 1894. Scirpus micranthus Vahl, Enum. Pl. 2: 254. 1806. Hemicarpha subsquarrosa Nees in Mart. Fl. Bras. 2}: 61. 1842. TyprE Locauity: Given doubtfully as South America. Rance: Nearly throughout North America and in South America. New Mexico: Albuquerque (Bigelow). Wet ground. 7. ERIOPHORUM L. Corton Grass. Perennial from a rootstock, the culms erect; spikelets in a terminal umbel sub- tended by an involucre of one or more leaves; flowers perfect; perilanth of numerous white bristles, these soft and cotton-like, much exserted; style 3-cleft; achenes obovoid, 3-angled, light brown. 1. Eriophorum angustifolium Roth, Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 24. 1788. TYPE LOCALITY: Germany. Rance: Alaska and Newfoundland to Maine, Illinois, and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Costilla Valley (Wooton). Bogs. 8. CAREX L. Sepae. Perennial grasslike plants with 3-ranked leaves and mostly 3-angled culms; flowers unisexual, monececious or dicecious; perianth wanting; stamens 3; pistillate flowers a single pistil with 2 or 3 stigmas, in a saclike perigynium, this completely inclosing the achene; achenes 3-angled or lenticular. A very large genus of which the following listed species probably represent only a part of those indigenous to New Mexico. Collectors rarely take the trouble to examine the plants unless their attention is particularly called to them. There are no doubt several species common in the high mountains of the northern part of the State which have not been collected. The writers are under special obligations to Mr. K. K. Mackenzie for assistance in the preparation of an account of this genus. Mr. Mackenzie identified most of our material and prepared the key to the species. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. WT KEY TO THE SPECIES. Achenes lenticular; stigmas 2; terminal spike partly pistillate or if staminate the lateral spikes short or heads diccious. (VIGNEA.) Spikes mostly staminate at the base. Perigynia not wing-margined. (STELLULATAE.) Perigynia with very short beaks, widely spreading at BITC ia cep Bein A ls a Be recalls Ze 12: Perigynia with long beaks, appressed..............-- 14. Perigynia wing-margined. (OVALES.) Beak of the perigynium flattened and margined to the tip. Seales strongly tinged with reddish brown........21. Scales little if at all tinged with reddish brown. Perigynia thin, lanceolate (at least two and one-half times as long as wide)......-.- 19. Peneyviia Gok, OVC: co... dies 2 ot ovo. & 20. Beak of the perigynium slender, nearly terete and scarcely margined at the apex. Several of the bracts conspicuously exceeding the Bracts inconspicuous. Perigynia 2.5 to 3.5 mm. long; culms smooth beneath the head... 2.22ete<. SA OUR eee es ote eee 27. C. capillaris. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, Pistillate spikes erect or, if drooping differing from above. Achenes normally lenticular and the stigmas 2. Perigynia golden yellow at maturity; spikes few-flowered; plants low, slender. (Br- , the perigynia COBORES IES oto. Sect tain = wee igs oni oc +s 28. Perigynia not golden yellow at maturity; spikes many-flowered; plants tall or stout. (RIGIDAE.) Perigynium beak strongly bidentate; peri- Py Ma MO Dele soa h ewes ota ee Bee Perigynium beak, if present, not bidentate; perigynia various. Lowest bract not exceeding the inflores- CONCC® once eases Se asc EA c RO Lowest bract exceeding the inflores- cence. Perigynia pale green, finely many- TRCTAVIOC Seep Ta tt ays ERR Oe 30. Perigynia greenish straw-colored, few- nerved or nerveless. Leaf blades flat and canaliculate, the edges serrulate above only; peri- gynia at most obscurely nerved. .31. Leaf blades, at least the lower, pli- cate, the margins revolute, the edges serrulate throughout; peri- gynia few-nerved...............32. Achenes triangular; stigmas 3. Perigynia beakless or very shortly beaked. Terminal 2 or 3 spikes staminate. (TRA- CHYCHUAERNAKS)| see ccs semaines Baie Terminal spikes pistillate above, ane nate below. (ATRATAE.) Perigynia 2.5 mm. long or less, little compressed, the rate not ap- pearing winglike.. acca Perigynia more Alene 2.5 mm. long, strongly compressed, the margins winglike. Spikes all closely sessile, contiguous, forming a dense lobed head..... 35. Lateral spikes peduncled, distant, usually, nodding -..-- 2s. 4s petals abou mm, long 9026.23. 22 ean tebe 1. A. porrifolia. Inflorescence racemose, sometimes with a few short branches below, green; pedicels stout, erect or ascending, of about the same length as the subtending bracts; petals 5 to 8 mm. long. Perianth segments 7 to 8 mm. long, 7 to 13-nerved............ 2. A. elegans. Perianth segments 5 to 6 mm. long, 3 to 7-nerved .........-... 3. A. coloradensis. 1. Anticlea porrifolia (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 273. 1903. Zygadenus porrifolius Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 8: 123. 1881. Type Locauity: ‘‘Mogollon Mountains, near the summits,’?’ New Mexico. Type collected by Greene in 1881. Rance: Southwestern New Mexico to Chihuahua, New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Lookout Mines. Mountains, in the Canadian Zone. 2. Anticlea elegans (Pursh) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 273. 1903. Zygadenus elegans Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 241. 1814. Zygadenus dilatatus Greene, Pl. Baker. 1: 51. 1901. Type Locauity: ‘“‘On the waters of the Cokahlaishkit river, near the Rocky mountains.”’ Rance: Alaska and Saskatchewan to Nevada and New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Baldy; White Moun- tains. Damp woods, in the Canadian and Hudsonian zones. 3. Anticlea coloradensis Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 273. 1903. Zygadenus coloradensis Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 27: 534. 1900. Tyee Locatity: Idaho Springs, Colorado. Rance: Utah and Colorado to northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains (Standley 7554). Meadows in the mountains, in the Transition Zone, 52576 °—15——_9 130 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 4. TOXICOSCORDION Rydb. Dear camaAss. Plants much as in the preceding genus, but the flowers smaller and much more numerous, the perianth segments with obovate or semiorbicular glands, and the ovary wholly superior instead of partly inferior. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Plants stout; leaves 10 to 15 mm. wide; inflorescence paniculate, MaGely PTEUCMENG ernst y ee on. foes ests ce eae eeene 1. T. paniculatum. Plants slender; leaves about 5 mm. wide (strongly falcate); in- florescence racemose, little or not at all branched__......... 2. T. falcatum. 1. Toxicoscordion paniculatum (8S. Wats.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 272. 1903. Zygadenus paniculatus 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 343. 1871. Type Locaity: ‘“‘Oregon and Washington Territory.”’ Rance: Montana and Washington to California and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains (Matthews). Open hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Toxicoscordion faleatum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 272. 1903. Zygadenus falcatus Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 27: 536. 1900. Tyrer Ltocauity: Fort Collins, Colorado. Rance: Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec (Baker 260). Open hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 20. JUNCACEAE. Rush Family. Grasslike plants, annuals or perennials, tufted or from rootstocks, with terete solid stems; leaves various, the sheaths open or closed, the margins sometimes produced into auriculate ligule-like organs, the blades flat or terete or wanting; inflorescence of terminal heads, spikes, or panicles, usually bracted; flowers regular, mostly com- plete, 3-merous; sepals and petals 3 each, more or less glumelike; stamens 3 or 6; ovary superior, 1 or 3-celled, forming a 1-celled or 3-celled capsule with 3 to many seeds. KEY TO THE GENERA. Leaf sheaths open; capsules | or 3-celled; seeds many... ..--. 1. Juncus (p. 130). Leaf sheaths closed; capsules 1-celled; seeds 3.............--. 2. JUNCOIDES (p. 134). 1. JUNCUS L. Rusu. Chiefly perennial herbs of wet soil, with pithy or hollow, usually simple stems; leaf sheaths open; flowers cymose or glomerate, small, greenish or brownish; capsule 3-celled or rarely 1-celled, the seeds numerous, often appendaged. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Lower .bract of the inflorescence terete, erect, appearing as an elongation of the stem; inflorescence apparently lateral. Flowers few, 1 to 5, one of them subsessile, the others pedi- EPIOU aoe Gel. - pass sobancle oh tienes eae --- Ll. J. drummondii. Flowers several, in a more or less compound panicle. Plants slender; bracts extending considerably beyond the inflorescence; basal sheaths without blades... 2. J. balticus. Plants stout; bracts short, extending little if at all beyond the inflorescence; uppermost basal sheath bearing gneapuprin biade:. sere tet ee tate reee ce 3. J. mexicanus. a WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, TSE Lower bracts not appearing as a continuation of the stems, or if so channeled on the upper surface; inflorescence ter- minal. Leaves septate, sometimes equitant, the septa sometimes poorly developed and hard to see in dried material. Leaves terete, not equitant. Capsules narrowly lanceolate; inflorescence with short branches; flowers echinate-spreading, or the lowest of the head reflexed. Heads 7 to 8 mm. in diameter; leaf blades erect; petals usually longer than the sepals.... 4. Heads more than 10 mm. in diameter; leaf blades usually spreading; petals shorter than the Capsules oblong; inflorescence with elongated branches (in J. mertensianus a single head); flowers erect or ascending. Heads several; leaves terete; seeds not caudate.. 6. Heads solitary or rarely 2 or 3; leaves somewhat . flattened; seeds mostly caudate........-.. te Leaves equitant, laterally flattened, with one edge toward the stem. Flower clusters numerous, small, 5 to 12-flowered, venerally light-colored ..0--....-25--.+-<--+- 8. Flower clusters few, larger, 15 to 25-flowered, usually dark-colored. Perianth segments green-margined; ligules tisnaliy not auricled. 28. 2c. 98.208 2h 22 9. Perianth segments fuscous or dark brown; ligules produced into small auricles... ..- 10. Leaves neither septate nor equitant. Leaves hollow; flowers few, in small heads. Stems leafy only at base; perianth about 4 mm. long; lower bracts of inflorescence mem- ORANGUBL =ers 2-2 Se skate a ee eee ae ee te ne Stems leafy throughout; perianth segments 5 to 6 mm. long; lower bracts foliaceous.-..........- 12. Leaves not hollow; flowers numerous. Flowers not bracteolate, in true heads on branches of the inflorescence; leaves broad and grass- Flowers bracteolate, inserted singly on the branches of the inflorescence; leaves narrowly linear, flat, or subterete and channeled. Annual: stems branched. 2: 4.2.2.1. ted. - st 14, Perennials; stems simple. Auricles cartilaginous, yellowish brown; bracts usually elongated, much ex- ceeding the inflorescence.....-.--..- 15. Auricles scarious or membranaceous; bracts usually much shorter, hardly ex- ceeding the infiorescence. J. nodosus. . d. torreyi. J. badius. J. mertensianus. J. brumnescens. J. parous. J. saximontanus. J. triglumis. J. castaneus. . J. longistylis. J. bufonius. J. dudleyi. 432 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Auricles conspicuously produced be- yond the point of insertion. Stems stout; leaves short and broad; perianth 4 mm. long, scarious at base; cymes Open... ba Fae eis Ee 16. J. brachyphyllus. Stems slender; leaves long and nar- row; perianth 3.5 to 4 mm. long, scarious to the apex; Gymes'dense . 21a. 348.2 17. J. confusus. Auricles scarcely produced beyond the point of insertion. Perianth segments about equaling the capsule, 3 to 4 mm. Longs. tess Se ee Se ae en 18. J. interior. Perianth segments mostly exceed- ing the capsule, 4 to 5 mm. lone Jr hi terol. Sees ee 19. J. arizonicus. 1. Juncus drummondii E. Mey. in Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 4: 235. 1853. Juncus arcticus Willd. err. det. Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 189. 1838. Type tocauity: ‘“‘Ata great elevation on the Rocky Mountains.”’ Rance: British America to California and northern New Mexico; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Spirit Lake; Truchas Peak. Bogs, in the Hudsonian and Arctic- Alpine zones. 2. Juncus balticus Willd. Ges. Naturf. Freund. Berlin Mag. 3: 298. 1809. Typrr tocauity: ‘“‘An den sandigen Meeresufern bei Warnemiinde,’’ Germany. Rance: Alaska and British America to California, New Mexico, and New York; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Cedar Hill; Dulce; Chama; Farmington; Taos; Baldy; Winsors Ranch; Jewett; Gallo Spring; Loné Mountain; Berendo Creek; Mesilla Valley; Silver Spring Canyon. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 3. Juncus mexicanus Willd.; Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. '7: 178. 1829. Juncus balticus mexicanus Parish, Muhlenbergia 6: 119. 1910. Type Locatity: ‘‘In Mexico.” RaNnGE: Texas and Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Cloverdale; White Sands; Carrizozo; Malones Ranch. Wet ground, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 4. Juncus nodosus L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 466. 1762. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in America septentrionali.”’ RanGE: British America to Nevada and Virginia. New Mexico: Farmington; near Pecos; Castle Rock. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Juncus torreyi Coville, Bull. Torrey Club 22: 303. 1895. Juncus nodosus megacephalus Torr. Fl. N. Y. 2: 326. 1843. Juncus megacephalus Wood, Bot. & Flor. ed. 2. 724. 1861, not Curtis, 1835. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the shores of Lake Ontario.”’ Rance: British Columbia and New York to California and Texas. New Mexico: Shiprock; Farmington; Dulce; Las Vegas; Zuni Reservation; Albu- querque; Pecos; Berendo Creek; Silver City; Mesilla Valley; Carrizozo; Mescalero Agency. Wet ground, Lower Sonoran to Transition Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW- MEXICO, 188 6. Juncus badius Suksd. Deutsch. Bot. Monatschr. 19: 92. 1901. Juncus truncatus Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 399. 1904. Type Locauity: ‘“‘Im Falkenthal im westl. Teil von Klickitat County,’”’ Wash- ington. Rance: Washington and Wyoming to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains (Standley 7565). Wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 7. Juncus mertensianus Bong. Mém. Acad. St. Pétersb. VI. Math. Phys. Nat. 2: 167. 1832. Type LocaLity: Sitka, Alaska. Ranae: Alaska to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Spirit Lake (Standley 4397). Bogs, in the Hudsonian Zone. 8. Juncus brunnescens Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 400. 1904. Juncus xiphioides montanus Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 2: 481. 1868, in part. Type LocaLity: Pagosa Springs, Colorado. Rance: Nevada and Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Carrizo Mountains; mountains west of Grants Station; Pecos; Bear Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Rio Mimbres; Cloverdale; Guadalupe Canyon; Ruidoso Creek. Wet meadows, in the Transition Zone. 9. Juncus parous Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 401. 1904. Tyrer Locairy: Fort Garland, Colorado. Rance: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Dulce; mountains west of Grants Station; Rio Pueblo; Middle Fork of the Gila; Silver Spring Canyon; Organ Mountains; White Mountains; Carrizozo. Wet meadows, in the Transition Zone. 10. Juncus saximontanus A. Nels. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 401. 1902. Juncus xiphioides montanus Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 2: 481. 1868, in part. TypPsE Locauity: Colorado. RanGe: British America to New Mexico. New Mexico: Middle Fork of the Gila; Chama; White Mountain Peak. Wet mead- ows in the mountains, in the Transition Zone. 11. Juncus triglumis L. Sp. Pl. 328. 1753. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat frequens in Alpibus Lapponicis, Tauro Rastadiensi.’’ Ranae: British America to New Mexico and New York; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Truchas Peak (Standley 4764). Wet meadows, in the Hudsonian and Arctic-Alpine zones. 12. Juncus castaneus J. E. Smith, FJ. Brit. 1: 383. 1800. Type Locauity: ‘“‘In paludosis alpinis Scotiae, solo micaceo. On Ben Lawer.”’ Rance: British America to Colorado and New Mexico; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Truchas Peak (Standley 4771, 4770). Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 13. Juncus longistylis Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 223. 1859. Type Locauity: Near the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Bigelow. Ranee: British America to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Dulce; Tunitcha Mountains; Carrizo Mountains; Chama; Winsors Ranch; Santa Fe; Rio Pueblo; Jewett Spring; Copper Mines; White Mountains. Wet ground, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 14. Juncus bufonius L. Sp. Pl. 328. 1753. TYPE Locality: European. Rance: Nearly cosmopolitan. 134 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, New Mexico: Chama; north of Ramah; Santa Fe Creek. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 15. Juncus dudleyi Wiegand, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 524. 1900. Tyrr tocaity: Truxton, New York. Rance: Washington and Maine to Mexico. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; Santa Fe; Las Vegas; Pecos; Ramah; Jewett Spring; Bear Mountains. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. 16. Juncus brachyphyllus Wiegand, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 519. 1900. Type Locauity: ‘‘Upper Platte,’? Colorado. This was originally cited as ‘‘Arkan- sas,’’ which is altogether wrong. Ran@e: Mountains, Idaho to Colorado and New Mexico. We have seen no material of this, but it is probable that one of the cotypes, although cited as coming from ‘‘Arkansas,’’ really came from within our limits.! 17. Juncus confusus Coville, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 10: 127, 1896. Typr Locauity: In an irrigated meadow, North Park, Colorado. Rana@e: Montana and Wyoming to Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains (Standley 7547). Wet ground, in the Tran- sition Zone. _18. Juncus interior Wiegand, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 516. 1900. TyPE LocaLity: Richmond, Illinois. Ranee: Wyoming and Illinois to New Mexico and Missouri. New Mexico: Johnsons Mesa; Mogollon Creek; McKinneys Park; Kingston; Gil- mores Ranch. Meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 19. Juncus arizonicus Wiegand, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 517 . 1900. Typr Locatity: Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Thurber. RanGe: Colorado and Arizona to Texas. New Mexico: Chama; Sierra Grande; Taos; Bear Mountains; Lorenzo Spring; Organ Mountains; San Luis Mountains; White Mountains. Meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. JUNCOIDES Adans. Woop rusu. Slender perennial grasslike herbs, often hairy, with flat leaves, the leaf sheaths closed; flowers small, spicate, glomerate, or umbellate; capsule 1-celled, 3-seeded. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Flowers on slender pedicels in corymbiform panicles............ yea parviflorum. Flowers in crowded spikelike clusters. Spikelets peduncled, forming a corymb...................... 2. J. intermedium. Spikelets subsessile, forming a compound spike.............. 3. J. spicatum. 1. Juncoides parviflorum (Ehrh.) Coville, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 4: 209. 1893. Juncus parviflorus Ehrh. Beitr. Naturk. 6: 139. 1791. Luzula parviflora Desv. Journ. Bot. Schrad. 1: 144. 1808. Typr Locauity: European. Ranee: Alaska and British America to California, New Mexico, and New York. New Mexico: Ponchuelo Creek; Pecos Baldy. Meadows, Transition to Arctic- Alpine Zone. 2. Juncoides intermedium (Thuill.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 610. 1905. Juncus intermedius Thuill. Fl. Env. Paris ed. 2. 178. 1799. Juncus multiflorus Ehrh.; Hoffm. Deutsch].-Fl. ed. 2. 1: 169. 1800, not Retz. 1795. 1 See, Bartlett, H. H. Rhodora 11: 156. 1909. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 135 Typr Locaniry: Near Paris, France. Rance: British America to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch (Standley 4167). Damp woods, in the Canadian Zone. 8. Juncoides spicatum (L.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 725. 1891. Juncus spicatus L. Sp. Pl. 330. 1753. Luzula spicata DC. & Lam. Fl. Frang. 3: 161. 1805. TypE Locauty: ‘‘Habitat in Lapponiae Alpibus.”’ Rance: Temperate North America; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Pecos Baldy; Truchas Peak; Baldy. Meadows, in the Arctic- Alpine Zone. 21. DRACAENACEAE. Yucca Family. Shrubby plants or trees with woody caudices copiously furnished with narrow rigid leaves; flowers in racemes or panicles terminating scapes or scapelike stems; perianth greenish or white, the sepals and petals similar; gyncecium of 3 united carpels; ovary superior, 1 to 3-celled; styles united, sometimes very short or obsolete during anthesis; ovules 2 to several or many in each cell; fruit a loculicidal capsule, or berry-like and indehiscent. KEY TO THE GENERA. RI ETSMIPTIO Clie wee <).-m oe oats oi esicrsins «ne sienen ne eS pokes 1. Yucca (p. 135). Flowers dicecious or polygamo-dicecious. Flowers polygamo-dicecious, in open panicles; ovary 3-celled; stamens included...............--.--- 2. Noutna (p. 137). Flowers dicecious, in dense panicles; ovary 1-celled; BAI BU ERBEEGE Goss eka coals ous Ge Ne ea cain 2 3. Dasyutrion (p. 188). 1. YUCCA L. Yucca. Thick-stemmed (in several species the stems short and mostly subterranean) peren- nials with narrow, mostly rigid, sharp-pointed leaves and large panicles or racemes of white campanulate flowers; fruit a 3-celled capsule, this dry or sometimes baccate and fleshy. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves 10 mm. wide or less. Stems conspicuous in old plants, reaching a height of 3 to 4 meters, naked below, clothed with a tuft of leaves above; inflorescence a much branched panicle. ...... 1. Y. elata. Stems short, mostly subterranean, covered with leaves to the base; inflorescence racemose, sometimes with a few branches. Flowers large, 6 cm. long or more; style oblong, white.. 2. Y. baileyi. Flowers small, 4 cm. long or less; style swollen at the base, greenish. Leaves narrow, 6 mm. wide or less, very thick, sparmeby filiferous:.. Siesva- hares k sO... . 3. Y. glauca. Leaves broader, 8 to 10 mm. wide, thin, abundantly LIUTU YE: 02) 1s Sey es eel eee ae a 4. Y. neomevicana. Leaves broader, 15 to 50 mm. wide. Fruit dehiscent; plants acaulescent..:..........2.2..2..... 5. Y. harrimaniae. Fruit indehiscent; plants caulescent or acaulescent. Stems short, 20 cm. high or less, leafy to the base; perianth segments narrowly lanceolate, 5 to 8 cm. long; fruit large, 12 to 15 cm. long, very pulpy.... 6. Y. baccata. 136 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Stems taller, 1.5 to 5 meters high; perianth segments elliptic, 2 to 4 cm. long; fruit smaller, 10 cm. long or less, only slightly pulpy. Leaves rigid, rough, yellowish green; filaments Goarseandprayishye!..osk.. 5020.4. 0, sae 7. Y.macrocarpa. Leaves flexible, smooth, bluish green, glaucous; filaments, when present, fine, usually WOTOw DNS 22 ohh fh is he bee fae eee 8. Y. schottii. 1. Yucca elata Engelm. Bot. Gaz. 7: 17. 1882. PALMILLA. Yucca angustifolia radiosa Engelm. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 496. 1871. Yucca angustifolia elata Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 50. 1873. Yucca radiosa Trel. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 3: 163. 1892. Type Locauity: ‘‘Extending from West Texas to Utah, Arizona and Northern Mexico.”’ Rance: Southern Arizona to western Texas, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: Fort Bayard; Mimbres River; Dog Spring; Cambray; Hachita; Deming; mesa west of Organ Mountains; White Sands; Alamogordo; Mescalero Agency; Mesquite Lake. Mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. This is the common narrow-leaved Yucca of southern New Mexico, known as ‘‘pal- milla,” or ‘‘soapweed.’’ The roots, termed ‘‘amole,’’ are often used as a substitute for soap. The plant has considerable decorative value, but because of its large roots is difficult to transplant. It is one of the most abundant and characteristic plants of the Lower Sonoran Zone. 2. Yucca baileyi Woot. & Stand]. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 114. 1913. TypE Locality: Dry slope in pine woods in the Tunitcha Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley (no. 7638). Rance: Northwestern New Mexico and northeastern Arizona. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Carrizo Mountains; Chusca Mountains. Dry hills and low mountains, in the Transition Zone, extending down into the Upper Sonoran. 8. Yucca glauca Nutt. Fraser’s Cat. no. 89. 1813. SOAPWEED., Yucca angustifolia Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 227. 1814. Type Locaity: ‘‘Collected 1,600 miles up the Missouri, about lat. 49°.” Rance: South Dakota and Wyoming to Missouri and New Mexico. New Mexico: Raton; Farmington; Sierra Grande; Rosa; Albuquerque; Fairview; San Augustine Plains; Horse Camp; Pecos. Plains and low hills, chiefly in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This is the common Yucca of the northern and eastern parts of New Mexico, where it is often very abundant. The leaves have been used in the manufacture of stable brooms. The fruits of this, as well as of some of the other dry-fruited species, were cooked and eaten by some of the Indians. 4. Yucca neomexicana Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 115. 1913. Type Locauity: On a volcanic hill about half a mile north of Des Moines, Union County, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley (no. 6208). Rance: Known only from type locality, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Yucca harrimaniae Trel. Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 13: 59. pl. 28, 29, 83. f. 10. 1902. Type Locauity: Helper, Utah. Rance: Southern Utah and Colorado to northeastern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains (Standley 7314). Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—-FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 187 6. Yucca baccata Torr. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 221. 1859. Dati. Type Locatity: High table lands between the Rio Grande and the Gila, New Mexico. Rance: New Mexico to Colorado and Nevada. New Mexico: Farmington; Raton; Carrizo Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Hur- rah Creek; Santa Fe Canyon; Crawfords Ranch; Socorro; Fairview; Rincon; Carriza- lillo Mountains; Florida Mountains; Organ Mountains; Burro Mountains; Bear Moun- tains. Dry hills and high plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The species is the low, stiff-leaved Yucca of the rocky ridges and mesas at the bases of the mountains. It is the largest flowered of our species. The fruit, too, is characteristic, somewhat resembling the eastern pawpaw in general appearance. .The Indians of New Mexico slice the ripe fruit and dry it in the sun for use in winter. When fresh, it has a peculiar sweet taste and is quite palatable. 7. Yucca macrocarpa (Torr.) Engelm. Bot. Gaz. 6: 224. 1881. PALMA. Yucca baccata macrocarpa Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 221. 1859. Type Locatity: On the plains of western Texas near the Limpio. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Silver City; Fort Bayard; Las Cruces; Tortugas Mountain. Mesas and plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. This the common broad-leaved Yucca or ‘‘dagger’’ of the mesas of the southern part of the State. It is used not a little for decorative purposes in this region and is very effective. It is easily transplanted and under cultivation becomes 5 to 6 meters high. The leaves are used extensively by the various Indians, notably the Apaches, in their basketry. By using different parts of the leaves, different colors are secured for forming designs, the outer part of the leaf being greenish yellow and the inner white. 8. Yucca schottii Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 46. 1873. Type Locatity: Upper Santa Cruz River in southern Arizona. Rance: Southwestern New Mexico, southern Arizona, and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Indian Canyon, Animas Mountains; San Luis Mountains. Lower Sonoran Zone. A little-known arborescent species with smooth, glaucous leaves and pubescent inflorescence. It is known with us only in the extreme southwest corner of the State. 2. NOLINA Michx. Brararass. Coarse-leaved perennials, the leaves linear, serrulate; inflorescence of a stout, nearly naked stem, paniculately branched above; flowers polygamo-dicecious, small, with whitish oblong-lanceolate segments; stamens included; fruit indehiscent, thin-walled, with subglobose seeds. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves 6 mm. wide or less, the edges smooth..................... 1. N. greene. Leaves 6 to 12 mm. wide, scabrous on the edges................... 2. N. microcarpa. 1. Nolina greenei 8. Wats.; Trel. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 50: 418. 1911. TypE Locaity: Between the Purgatory and Apeshipa rivers, north of Trinidad, Colorado. Rance: Southeastern Colorado to New Mexico. New Mexico: San Miguel County; White Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 138 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 2. Nolina microcarpa S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 14: 247. 1879. Tyrer tocauiry: ‘‘S. Arizona (Rock Cafion; Rothrock, n. 278).”’ Rance: Southwestern New Mexico to southern Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Mimbres River; Big Hatchet Mountains; Silver City; San Luis Mountains; Dog Mountains; Burro Mountains; Mogollon Creek; Lake Valley; Mag- dalena Mountains. Dry plains and low hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. A specimen collected by Bailey at San Rafael probably belongs here, although the margins of the leaves have much fewer teeth. The leaves of this plant were used by the Indians in former times in weaving bas- kets and mats. They also furnish a fairly good quality of fiber, which may some day be utilized in making cordage. 8. DASYLIRION Zucc. Sorot. Dicecious perennials with thick short stems, numerous strap-shaped spiny-margined leaves, and very numerous small white flowers borne in tall narrow panicles. The bases of the leaves form a round head about the thick stems, when the ends have been cut or burned off, and these are used for feeding stock. These heads are roasted by the native people and used for food and for the manufacture of a drink called “sotol” which contains from 40 to 50 per cent of alcohol. It has been found practi- cable to manufacture commercial alcohol from the plant. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Prickles of the leaves mostly recurved; leaves green. ........... 1. D. leiophyllum. Prickles of the leaves directed forward; leaves somewhat glaucous.. 2. D. wheeleri. 1. Dasylirion leiophyllum Engelm.; Trel. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 50: 433. 1911. Type Locaity: Presidio, Texas. Rance: Western Texas to southern New Mexico and southward. New Mexico: Central; Florida Mountains; Big Hatchet Mountains. Dry hilis, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 2. Dasylirion wheeleri 8. Wats. in Wheeler, Rep. U. 8. Sury. 100th Merid. 6: 272. 1879. e Typr LocALITy: Southern Arizona. Ran@e: Western Texas to southern Arizona. New Mexico: San Mateo Mountains; Kingston; Mangas Springs; Big Hatchet Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Rincon; mesa near Las Cruces; Organ Mountains; White Mountains. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 22. CONVALLARIACEAE. lLily-of-the-valley Family. Perennial herbs arising from rootstocks, never with bulbs or corms; leaves alternate (in ours cauline), sometimes reduced to scales; flowers perfect, in terminal racemes or panicles or axillary in small clusters; perianth segments distinct or more or less united at the base; pistil 3-parted; fruit a fleshy berry. KEY TO THE GENERA. Leaves reduced to scales; branches numerous, filiform... .- 1. ASPARAGUS (p. 139). Leaves not reduced; stems sparingly branched or simple, not filiform. Perianth segments united into a tube.......--...--- 2. SALOMONIA (p. 139). Perianth segments distinct. Flowers in terminal racemes or panicles........-- 3. VAGNERA (p. 139). Flowers terminal or opposite the leaves, solitary or in few-flowered clusters. Flowers in terminal, few-flowered clusters.... 5. Disporum (p. 140). Flowers solitary opposite the leaves.......... 4. STREPTOPUS (p. 139). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 139 1. ASPARAGUS L. ASpARAGus. Tall perennial with much branched stems from thick matted rootstocks; branchlets capillary, often referred to as leaves, the true leaves reduced to small scales; flowers small, greenish yellow, axillary, on jointed pedicels. 1. Asparagus officinalis L. Sp. Pl. 313. 1753. Tyre Locauity: “ Habitat in Europae arenosis.”’ New Mexico: Farmington; Santa Fe; Mesilla Valley. The cultivated asparagus thrives in New Mexico and is a not uncommon escape in the valleys. 2. SALOMONIA Heist. Sonomon’s SEAL. Perennial herbs with simple erect stems from creeping rootstocks; leaves sessile or clasping; flowers axillary, nodding, greenish, on jointed pedicels; ovary 3-celled, with 2 to 6 ovules in each eell; berry black or blue. 1. Salomonia cobrensis Woot. & Stand]. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 113. 1913. TYPE LocaLity: Copper Mines, New Mexico. Rane@e: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Copper Mines; near Kingston. 38. VAGNERA Adans. Fatse SoLoMON’S SEAL. Low plants with running rootstocks, leafy stems, alternate, sessile, lanceolate or elliptic leaves, small, inconspicuous, paniculate or racemose flowers, and reddish fruit. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Flowers paniculate; leaves elliptic to oval. ...........-----.-- 1. V. amplexicaulis. Flowers in a simple raceme; leaves lanceolate. ............-..- 2. V. stellata. 1. Vagnera amplexicaulis (Nutt.) Greene, Bot. San Fran. Bay 316. 1894. Smilacina amplexicaulis Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 58. 1834. Smilacina racemosa amplexicaulis 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 345. 1871. Type Locatity: “In the valleys of the Rocky Mountains about the sources of the Columbia River.’’ Rance: British Columbia and Montana to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Organ Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Damp woods, in the Transition and Canadian zones. We have specimens from the Mogollon Mountains in which the leaves are abund- antly variegated with white. 2. Vagnera stellata (L.) Morong, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 114. 1894. Convallaria stellata L. Sp. Pl. 316. 1753. Smilacina stellata Desf. Ann. Mus. Paris 9: 52. 1807. TYPE LOCALITY: Canada. RancGE; British America to Pennsylvania, New Mexico, and California. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Magdalena Mountains; Chama; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; White Mountains; Sierra Grande. Damp woods, in the Transition and Canadian zones. Some of our specimens may represent Vagnera liliacea Greene, but we are unable to separate the two species by any constant character. 4. STREPTOPUS Michx. TwistTED-sTALK. Perennial from a creeping rootstock, with branched stems and small axillary flowers; perianth segments acute; fruit a red globose many-seeded berry. 140 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL. HERBARIUM. 1. Streptopus amplexifolius (L.) DC. & Lam. Fl. Franc. 3: 174. 1805. Uvularia amplexifolia L. Sp. Pl. 304. 1753. TypE Locatity: “In Bohemiae, Saxoniae, Delphinatus montibus.”’ Rance: British America to Arizona and Pennsylvania. New Mexico: Winsor Creek (Standley 4200). Damp woods, in the Canadian Zone. 5. DISPORUM Salisb. Low herb with creeping rootstocks, erect branched stems, and sessile ovate thin leaves; flowers small, solitary on slender terminal peduncles; perianth narrowly cam- panulate; fruit a 3 to 6-seeded red berry. 1. Disporum trachycarpum (8. Wats.) Benth. & Hook. Gen. Pl. 3: 832. 1883. Prosartes trachycarpa 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 344. 1871. TYPE LocaLity: Colorado. Rance: British America to South Dakota and New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Chama. Damp woods, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 23. ALLIACEAE. Onion Family. Perennial scapose herbs with scaly or reticulate-coated bulbs; leaves few, narrow, basal; flowers in terminal umbels, at first inclosed in and finally subtended by a scarious involucre; perianth segments all alike, petaloid, mostly conspicuous, per- sistent, becoming scarious in fruit; stamens 6; fruit a dry 3-celled capsule. KEY TO THE GENERA. Perianth segments nearly free (in ours pinkish, fading lighter); capsule deeply lobed, sometimes crested ; plants sirone-seen ted: :. 7225224: Pe 1. Atiium (p. 140). Perianth segments united for one-third their length or more; capsule not lobed nor crested; plants not strong-scented. Perianth campanulate or funnelform, about 1 cm. long bhuish purples) 288 27 SA eee 2. DIPTEROSTEMON (p. 148). Perianth salverform, 3 cm. long, the limb white with pronounced greenish midribs..........-.--.-- 3. Mriua (p. 148). 1. ALLIUM L. OwnIron. Strong-scented herbs with narrow leaves and 1 to several scapes from a coated bulb; flowers in umbels, sometimes replaced by bulblets; perianth of 6 petaloid, nearly free segments; fruit a deeply lobed 3-celled capsule. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Outer bulb coats strongly reticulated, the veins separating into a mat of fibers. Seapoe MUIDIet- Deanne, 22.260. +c toes. Se eee ee eee 7. A. sabulicola. Scapes not bulblet-bearing. Capsules crested. Plants tall, 25 to 40 cm.; perianth segments 5 mm. long, bright rose pink; pedicels slender. - - - . 8. A. geyeri. Plants lower, 10 to 15 cm., stouter; perianth see- ments 7 or 8 mm. long, pale pink with prominent midveins; pedicels stout......-.- 9. A. deserticola. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 141 Capsules not crested. Plants slender; pedicels 10 to 12 mm. long; perianth segments 4 to 5 mm. long, pale............. 10. A. helleri. Plants stout; pedicels 13 to 16 mm. long; perianth segments 6 to 7 mm. long, bright pink.......11. A. nuttallii. Outer bulb coats scaly, not reticulate, the veins never separating into fibers. Bulbs without rootstocks; umbels erect; perianth segments acute or acuminate; stamens not exserted. Capsule and ovary not crested..... SOC ee ree 4. A. scaposum. Capsule and ovary crested. Perianth segments oblong-lanceolate; plants low, 10 to 12 cm.; bulb coats dark chestnut brown. 5. A. bigelovii. Perianth segments ovate-lanceolate; plants taller, 18 to 30 cm.; bulb coats lighter colored... .-. 6. A. palmeri. Bulbs arising from rootstock. Umbels erect; perianth segments acute; stamens not exserted; rootstocks long and slender; bulbs Usully: solitary stl? ws eS eel. MUO ee 3. A. rhizomatum. Umbels cernuous; perianth segments obtuse; stamens exserted; rootstocks short and thick; bulbs usually clustered. Leaves not carinate, 3 to 6 mm. wide in dried specimens; flowers numerous.......-.------- 1. A. recurvatum. Leaves carinate, 2mm. wide or less; flowers few.... 2. A. neomexicanum. 1. Allium recurvatum Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 94. 1900. TyPE LocALity: Indian Creek, Montana. RanGeE: South Dakota and British Columbia to New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Kingston; White and Sacramento mountains. Open meadows, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 2. Allium neomexicanum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 541. 1899. TYPE LOCALITY: Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, October 14, 1894. RANGE: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Abiquiu Peak; Laguna Blanca; mountains west of Grant; West Fork of the Gila; San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains; Las Huertas Canyon. Open slopes, in the Transition Zone. 3. Allium rhizomatum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 114. 1913. TypE tocauiry: Gila Hot Springs, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 20, 1900. Rance: Known only from the type locality, in the Transition Zone. 4. Allium scaposum Benth. Pl. Hartw. 26. 1840. TYPE Locauity: “‘Secus rivulos, Aguas Calientes,’’ Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Sixteen Spring Canyon (Wooton). Transition Zone. Doctor Watson included this species with those having reticulate bulb coats, but all the specimens we have seen (ten or a dozen sheets), including some to which he refers, have scaly bulb coats, the inner ones very thin and white or hyaline, the outer some- what thicker, yet light-colored. His illustration in the Botany of King’s Survey, plate 38, was no doubt made with a compound microscope, since the markings are not visible under a hand Jens, The illustration of the flower is excellent, 142 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 5. Allium bigelovii S. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 487. pl. 88. f. 8, 9. 1871. TyprE LocaLiry: Cooks Spring, New Mexico. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona. We have seen no further specimens of this from New Mexico. 6. Allium palmeri 8S. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 487. pl. 37. f. 10, 11. 1871. Type Locatiry: Northwestern New Mexico. Type collected by Palmer. Rance: Southern Utah to northern New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Known only from the northwest corner of the State. Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. Allium sabulicola Osterhout, Bull. Torrey Club 277: 539. 1900. Allium arenicola Osterhout, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 506. 1900, not Small, 1900. Type Locauity: In sandy soil on the bank of the Chama River at Chama, New: Mexico. Type collected by Osterhout. Rance: New Mexico. New Mexico: Spirit Lake; West Fork of the Gila; Fitzgerald Cienaga. Wet places in the mountains, from the Transition to the Hudsonian Zone. Our plants all agree in having several whitish ovoid bulblets, ovate acuminate sepals, and reticulated bulbs, but they are in every case much larger plants than the original description indicates. They are certainly not A. rubrum Osterhout and we do not believe that Nelson ! is right in reducing them to A. nuétallii. 8. Allium geyeriS. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 14: 227. 1879. Allium reticulatum var. B 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 486. 1871. Alliwm dictyotum Greene, Pl. Baker. 1: 52. 1901. Tyre LocaLity: Stony banks of the Kooskooskie River, Idaho. Ranee: New Mexico to British Columbia. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Tierra Amarilla; Sandia Mountains; mountains west of Grants Station; White and Sacramento mountains. Transition and Canadian zones. 9. Allium deserticola (Jones) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 114. 1913. Allium reticulatum deserticola Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 10: 30. 1902. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘On the adobe plains of eastern Utah, south of the Uintas and. western Colorado and southward to Texas.’’ Rance: As above; probably also in northern Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec; Carrizalillo Mountains; Organ Mountains. Upper Sonoran Zone. This is the largest flowered wild onion we have in the State. The perianth segments are pale pinkish to white, with a darker midrib, fading to a dry papery envelope in fruit. The plant occurs with us in the foothills of the more arid mountains, 10. Allium helleri Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 264. 1903. Type Locauity: Southern Texas. Rance: Nebraska and Colorado to Texas and Arizona. New Mexico: Las Vegas; Winsors Ranch; Bear Mountain; mountains east of Gila River; Copper Mines; Burro Mountains. Plains and low hills, in the Transition Zone. 11. Allium nuttallii S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 14: 227. 1879. Allium mutabile var. 8 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 487. 1871. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Kansas, Texas and New Mexico.”’ Rance: Kansas and Colorado to Texas and Arizona. WOOPON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 143 New Mexico: Glorieta; West Fork of the Gila; near Fort Defiance; Nara Visa. Low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. DIPTEROSTEMON Rydb. Flowers few, umbellate on unequal rays, bluish purple, broadly funnelform, with a short tube; stamens 6, the inner wing-appendaged. 1. Dipterostemon pauciflorus (Torr.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 111. 1912. Brodiaea capitata pauciflora Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 218. 1859. Dichelostemma pauciflorum Standley, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 13: 179. 1910. Type Locauity: Near the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Bigelow. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico and southern Arizona. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Santa Rita. Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. MILLA Cay. Flowers white, the perianth segments with greenish midribs, salverform with a narrowly turbinate tube, usually 2 to each scape; stamens nearly sessile, the anthers fixed by the base; capsules oblong-obovate, sessile. 1. Milla biflora Cav. Icon. Pl. 2: 76. pl. 196. 1794. Type Locauiry: ‘‘ Habitat in Imperio Mexicano.’’ Rance: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Animas Valley (Mearns 2513). Low hills. Both this and the preceding plant are well worthy of cultivation and would probably thrive in southern New Mexico. 24, LILIACEAE. Lily Family. Perennial, mainly caulescent herbs, with bulbs or corms; leaves alternate or whorled, sometimes basal or apparently basal; flowers solitary or in terminal racemes, corymbs, or panicles; perianth conspicuous and showy; sepals and petals similar, sometimes partly united; gyncecium of 3 united carpels; ovary superior, 3-celled; styles united; fruit a loculicidal capsule, globular or elongated. KEY TO THE GENERA. Perianth segments united into'a long tube; flowers white.. 1. Leucocrinum (p. 143). Perianth segments distinct or nearly so; flowers white or colored. pulps tunieated: Howers*white:...-.+-:.2.-2--2-22- 4. Luoypra (p. 144). Bulbs scaly; flowers not white. Flowers large, 6 or 7 cm. long; perianth segments lAWedier Aas oee ama a Sees. Las fee amon (p144): Flowers small, 2 cm. long or less; perianth seg- MACH CS) MO PICA WSU ess om saeco ee a 3. FRIrILLARiIA (p. 144). 1. LEUCOCRINUM Nutt. Wutre MOUNTAIN LILY. Plants acaulescent, with numerous leaves from a short rootstock and a cluster of fleshy roots; flowers few to many from the crown, white, 3 to 5 cm. long. 1. Leucocrinum montanum Nutt.; A. Gray, Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 4: 110. 1848. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘In planitiebus altis fluminis Platte.”’ Rance: Oregon and South Dakota to Nevada and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Dulce; Raton. Open slopes. Pa 144 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 2. LILIUM L. Liy. Stems tall, with all but the uppermost leaves scattered; leaves linear-lanceolate; perianth campanulate, showy, reddish orange spotted with purple inside; capsules subcylindric, attenuate at the base. Our species is one of our handsomest native plants. It occurs only occasionally in moist places in the higher mountains. It is well worthy of cultivation and would doubtless do well in gardens at elevations of 2,000 meters or more. 1. Lilium umbellatum Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 229. 1814. Lilium montanum A. Nels. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 6. 1899. Lilium philadelphicum montanum Cockerell, Univ. Mo. Stud. Sci. 2?: 92. 1911. Type Locauity: ‘“‘On the banks of the Missouri.” Ranae: Ohio to Alberta, south to Arkansas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Fresnal. Open woods, in the Transition Zone. We are unable to separate Lilium montanum from this, since the characters of the narrowness of the leaves and the number of flowers do not hold for New Mexican material. 3. FRITILLARIA L. FRririviartia. Slender plant 20 to 40 cm. high, with leafy stems, each bearing 1 to 6 flowers; bulbs of numerous thick scales; perianth campanulate, of 6 equal, dull purple segments; styles united to the middle. 1. Fritillaria atropurpurea Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 54. 1834. TyprE Locauity: ‘‘On the borders of the Flat-Head river.”’ Rance: Oregon and North Dakota to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains ( Matthews). 4. LLOYDIA Salisb. Low plants, 5 to 15 cm. high, with leafy 1-flowered stems; bulbs upon an oblique rhizome, covered by the persistent bases of the leaves; perianth segments spreading, white with purple veins. 1. Lloydia serotina (L.) Sweet, Hort. Brit. ed. 2. 527. 1830. An‘hericum serotinum L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 444. 1762. Lloydia alpina Salish. Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. 1: 328. 1812. Type Locauity: ‘‘In alpibus Angliae, Helvetiae, Taureri rastadiensis, Wallaesiae.’’ Range: Arctic regions southward to Washington and New Mexico; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Hermits Peak; Pecos Baldy; top of Las Vegas Range. Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 25. ASPHODELACEAE. Asphodel Family. 1. ANTHERICUM L. A low plant with naked stems (sometimes with 1 or 2 small leaves) from a thick cylindric fleshy-fibrous root; leaves linear, grasslike; flowers yellow, on jointed pedicels; capsules oblong, with several flattened seeds in each cell. 1. Anthericum torreyi Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 15: 318. 1876. Echeandia terniflora angustifolia Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 219. 1859. Hesperanthes torreyi S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 14: 241. 1879. % WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 145 TYPE LOCALITY: Copper Mines, New Mexico. RanGe: New Mexico and Arizona, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: San Ignacio; Hop Canyon; Las Vegas Mountains; Mogollon Moun- tains; Burro Mountains; Black Range; White and Sacramento mountains. Moun- tains, in the Transition Zone. Order 14. AMARYLLIDALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Stamens 6; leaves not 2-ranked .............--- 26. AMARYLLIDACEAE (p. 145). Stamens'3: leaves 2-ranked .. 2... 2.0.c.ccc0c00. 27, IRIDACEAE (p. 147). 26. AMARYLLIDACEAE. Amaryllis Family. Perennials with bulbs or corms or sometimes with fibrous roots; leaves basal; flowers regular or irregular, solitary or corymbose; andrcecium of 6 stamens inserted on an epigynous disk or at the throat of the tube opposite the sepals and petals; ovary inferior, 3-celled; styles-united; fruit a 3-celled capsule or berry. KEY TO THE GENERA, Leaves spiny-toothed and spine-tipped; plants with elon- EPL] gio ha Tn HIGET SRS age i Sap eal ene Meagan ams t Hee ao pes 1. AGAVE (p. 145). Leaves not spiny-toothed; plants with bulbs............... 2. ATamosco (p. 147). 1. AGAVE L. CENTURY PLANT. Long-lived perennials with a cluster of numerous thick fleshy basal leaves and a tall flower stalk, this either nearly spicate or paniculate and with numerous thick divergent branches; perianth persistent, tubular-funnelform, parted into numerous narrow, nearly equal divisions; anthers linear, versatile; fruit an oblong coriaceous 3-celled capsule containing numerous flat black seeds. Agave americana is an introduced species very common in cultivation in the southern part of the State. Itis the common ‘‘maguey” of the Mexicans, who use the sap taken from the developing flower stalk for making “‘pulque,”’ ‘‘ mescal,’’ and “‘ tequila.”’ It is not cultivated far north of Las Cruces, and even here the leaves are sometimes frosted in the winter and rarely the whole plant killed. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves not spiny-margined, filiferous, 1 cm. broad or less, taper- ewan. r 5 ae SSE ee Di aie Ea. SSRIS 1. A. schottit. Leaves bearing hooked spines along the margins, not filiferous, 4 cm. wide or more, generally broadest about the middle. Leaves few, 10 to 15, 20 to 30 cm. long, yellowish green; panicle with very short branches, spikelike in appear- NC CUMIE aerate 5 asl ek oe Seas Soe ee cals MOU ME O 2. A. lechuguilla. Leaves more numerous, 30 or more, 20 to 100 cm. long, deep green or bluish green, glaucous; panicles with spread- ing longer branches. Stamens inserted near the middle of the corolla tube; leaves deep green, 5 to 12 cm. wide, generally 40 to 60 cm. long, sometimes much longer........... 3. A. palmeri, 52576°—15——10 146 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Stamens inserted at the base of the corolla segments; leaves bluish green, glaucous, closely imbricated, broader, 8 to 14 cm. wide, usually 20 to 45 cm. long. Leaves broad, 10 to 14 cm. wide, 30 cm. long or more; panicles large and widely spreading; flowers Stowe psOne sot os SSCS a ee 4. A. parryi. Leaves of same relative proportions but smaller, 15 to 20 cm. long and 5 to 8 cm. broad; panicles with few branches; flowers mostly about 6 cm. POR tee SoS ie obs tee ee ee eee 5. A. neomexicana. 1. Agave schottii Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 305. 1875. Agave geminiflora sonorae Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 214: 1859. TypE Locauity: Sierra del Pajarito, southern Arizona. RanGE: Southern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Guadalupe Canyon ( Mearns 575). 2. Agave lechuguilla Torr. U. 8S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 213. 1859. Lecnucaumna. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Mountains near El Paso, and along the Rio Grande downward.”’ Rance: Low hills and dry plains, western Mexico and southern New Mexico and southward, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. Miss Mulford reported this from the Organ Mountains as having been collected May 18, 1851. Neither of the writers has seen the plant in this range, but it may occur at the southern end, where little collecting has been done. A single plant from the north end of the Franklin Mountains, just on the boundary between New Mexico and Texas, is growing in the garden at the Agricultural College. It is said to occur along the southern border farther east as well. The species is of economic importance as a fiber plant in northern Mexico, where it is used extensively in making cordage. The short caudex is used as a substitute for soap, one form of the ‘‘amole” found on the market. 3. Agave palmeri Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 319. 1875. Typr Locatiry: Mountains of southern Arizona. RANGE: Southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico and southward. New Mexico: Florida Mountains; Cloverdale; San Luis Mountains; Animas Moun- tains; La Luz Canyon. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. Miss Mulford reports finding a plant of this species a few miles from Fort Bayard, and that must be about its northern limit. ¢ 4. Agave parryi Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 311. 1875. Agave americana latifolia Torr. U. 8S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 213. 1859. Tyre Locatity: Near the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Rance: Southern Arizona and New Mexico and southward. New Mexico: Fierro; Big Hatchet Mountains; Lake Valley; Burro Mountains; Florida Mountains; Bear Mountains; 5 miles north of Reserve; Mogollon Creek. Low hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. This is the common “mescal” of western New Mexico. It has considerable decora- tive value and, while never as large as A. americana, reaches sufficient size to warrant its use in large urns and in other positions in formal gardening. This, like the other larger plants of the genus, was used by the Indians in making mescal. The thick leaves were cooked in large pits made in the ground and lined with stones, which were first fired, then filled with the plant. It is from their preparation of this article of food that the Mescalero Apaches receive their name, — a ee a WOOTTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 147 5. Agave neomexicana Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 115. pl. 48. 1913. TypE Locauity: Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley (no. 541). RANGE: Mountains of southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Tortugas Mountain; Organ and San Andreas mountains. 2. ATAMOSCO Adans. ATAMASCO LILY. Low plant with large tunicated bulbs, slender grasslike leaves, and rather large (3 or 4 cm. in diameter) yellow flowers borne singly upon a stout fleshy scape; capsules large and deeply 3-lobed. 1. Atamosco longifolia (Hemsl.) Cockerell, Canad. Ent. 1901: 283. 1901. Zephyranthes longifolia Hemsl. Diag. Pl. Mex. 55. 1880. Type LocaLiry: New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1904). RanGeE: Western Texas to southern Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Mesa near Las Cruces; Lordsburg; Animas Valley. Dry hills and mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 27. IRIDACEAE. Iris Family. Perennial, mostly caulescent herbs with bulblike or elongated rootstocks; leaves equitant, 2-ranked; flowers regular or irregular, solitary or in clusters from spathelike bracts; perianth usually showy; sepals and petals often very unlike, distinct, or united below; stamens 3, adnate to the perianth opposite the sepals; gyncecium of 3 united carpels; ovary inferior; styles distinct; fruit a loculicidally 3-valved capsule. KEY TO THE GENERA. Pe TMCUOW. Y SE, je ao seh MIE TC e alee ls oS eee oe 2 1. OREOLIRION (p. 147). Flowers blue or white. Styles ‘alternate with the stamens; leaves narrow, less fianioMiEAl) Wade: 2 S25. to spe 22s 82s 2. SISYRINCHIUM (p. 147). Styles opposite or ‘arching over the stamens; leaves broad, 10 mm. wide or more: . 0:6. 4--.selese 3. Iris (p. 148). 1. OREOLIRION Bicknell. An erect perennial, 25 to 50 cm. high, with flat, grasslike, conspicuously nerved leaves; roots clustered, somewhat fleshy; flowers large, 30 mm. in diameter, yellow; capsules oblong, 12 to 14 mm. high. In general appearance this plant is much like the species of Sisyrinchium, but the yellow flowers enable one to distinguish it readily. 1. Oreolirion arizonicum (Rothr.) Bicknell. Sisyrinchium arizonicum Rothr. Bot. Gaz. 2: 125. 1877. Type tocatity: Willow Spring, Arizona. Rance: Southern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Black Range. 2. SISYRINCHIUM L. BLusE-EYED GRAss. Slender perennial grasslike plants with numerous erect leaves, winged stems, and small blue flowers, occurring in the higher mountains in moist meadows and along streams. 148 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, KEY TO THE SPECIES. Outer bracts of the inflorescence about twice as long as the inner..... 1. S. campestre. Outer bracts of about the same length as the inner. Perianth 7 to 10 mm. long; plants somewhat glaucous, the stems clustered; bracts broad, 10 to 20mm. long; stems flexuous, GUIED BSCCRUIn Ne pee ree hook! Suet: ee Ae 2. S. demissum. Perianth 10 to 14 mm. long; plants more slender, bright green, the stems mostly solitary, erect, straight; bracts 16 to 32 MINH OH ED thas Meee ee wicln tale dew See + See ae ee ee ae 3. S. occidentale. 1. Sisyrinchium campestre Bicknell, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 341. 1899. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Wisconsin to North Dakota, south to Louisiana, Oklahoma and the mountains of New Mexico.”’ RancGe: As under type locality. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sierra Grande; Sacra- mento Mountains. Transition Zone. 2. Sisyrinchium demissum Greene, Pittonia 2: 69. 1890. TyPE Locauity: “In moist meadows at the base of Bill Williams Mountain Arizona, and also near Flagstaff.’’ RANGE: Arizona to western Kansas. New Mexico: Las Vegas; mountains west of Grants Station; Zuni; Barranca; Mogo- llon Mountains; Black Range; Chavez; Socorro; White Mountains. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. 3. Sisyrinchium occidentale Bicknell, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 447. 1899. TYPE Locauity: ‘Idaho and Nevada te Colorado and North Dakota.”’ Rance: As under type locality. New Mexico: Near Pecos; Iron Creek, Mogollon Mountains; north of El Vado. Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. IRIS L. BLue Fuage. Plants 30 to 70 cm. high, with long, flat, somewhat glaucous leaves arising from a thickened rootstock; flowers large, very showy, sweet-scented, pale blue. 1. Iris missouriensis Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. '7: 58. 1834. Type Locauitry: ‘Towards the sources of the Missouri.”’ Ran@GeE: British America south to California, Arizona, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Sierra Grande; Manguitas Spring; Black Range; White and Sacramento mountains. Meadows, in the Transition and Canadian zones. Order 15. ORCHIDALES. 28. ORCHIDACEAK. Orchis Family. Herbaceous plants, perennial by bulbs or thickened roots, sometimes parasitic; leaves entire, from mere sheathing bracts to broadly ovate; flowers sometimes con- spicuous, in ours usually small, of bizarre forms especially adapted to insect pollina- tion; corolla of two similar lateral petals and a third (the lip or labellum) very different one, this frequently spurred or saccate; stamens gynandrous, with usually only one anther; pollen in small coherent masses (pollinia); ovary inferior; fruit a capsule. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 149 KEY TO THE GENERA. Anthers 2; lip a large inflated sack...............-..... 1. Cypripepium (p. 149). Anthers only one; lip various in different genera. RIGWers SOLIEATY, BCAPOSC co aa iae sae oe wnsie's pies os - 2. CYTHEREA (p. 150). Flowers several, racemose or spicate. Plants without green leaves; stems glandular- OCHECNG No. ose ee ee aaa 2 se 3. CORALLORHIZA (p. 150). Plants with green leaves; stems not glandular (except in Peramium), usually glabrous. Leaves rosulate; stems very short.......... 4. Peramium (p. 150). Leaves not rosulate, scattered along the stems; stems 10 cm. long or more. Leaves 1 or 2. Leaves 1, elliptic to oval; racemes many-flowered; flowers ma- TOOH, OF preen)..-.. 3. ...2... 6. ACHRO@NTHES (p; 151). Leaves 2, opposite, reniform; ra- cemes laxly few-flowered; F flowers greenish............ 6. OpHrRys (p. 152). Leaves several. Inflorescence loosely racemose; flowers few, large, 25 to 35 mm. long; capsules reflexed. 7. Epreactis (p. 152). Inflorescence spicate, strict; flowers numerous, small, 10 to 18 mm. long; capsules erect. Spikes twisted; spur wanting..10. Ipiprum (p. 154). Spikes not twisted; spur present. Lip bifid; bracts of in- florescence very conspicuous. ...... - 8. CoELOGLossuM (p. 152). Lip entire; bracts of in- florescence usually not very conspicu- QUE ae cater eet 9. Lrwnorcuis (p. 152). 1. CYPRIPEDIUM L. Lapy’s-suPrer. Broad-leaved plants arising from thickened fascicled roots; flowers usually solitary, on long peduncles, showy, bright yellow, with purple spots on the saccate lower petal. 1. Cypripedium veganum Cockerell & Barker, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 14: 178. 1901. TypE Locauity: Sapello Canyon, Las Vegas Range, New Mexico. RanGeE: Mountains of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Cloudcroft. Damp woods, in the Canadian and Hudsonian zones. The dried specimens from New Mexico agree with Colorado material collected by Baker and by Coulter and referred to C. pubescens Willd., but these are slightly different from C. pubescens material from the Eastern States. It is likely that the plant of the Rocky Mountains is C. veganum. The specimen in the National Museum deposited by Professor Cockerell disagrees with his description in two particulars: neither leaves nor stems are glabrous, but both 150 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. are sparsely and coarsely pubescent though not glandular; and the leaves are entirely too broad to be called less than elliptic-lanceolate. The specimen shows only three upper leaves. Specimens collected both by Standley and by Snow show the lower leaves as elliptic. The writers have heard fairly reliable reports of the occurrence of another species of Cypripedium in the mountains east of Santa Fe. The plant has been observed in Santa Fe Canyon and in the mountains east of the Pecos. It is said to have a white lip splotched with purple. We have been unable to procure material of it, and it is possible that the plant belongs to some other genus. 2. CYTHEREA Salisb. Catypso. A low herb, 10 to 15 cm. high, with a single showy rose-colored nodding flower at the end of a slender bracted stem; bracts narrowly oblong, clasping, acuminate; single radical leaf broadly elliptic, with numerous veins. 1. Cytherea bulbosa (L.) House, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 382. 1905. Cypripedium bulbosum L. Sp. Pl. 951. 1753. Calypso borealis Salisb. Parad. Lond. pl. 89. 1806. Cytherea borealis Salisb. Trans. Hort. Soc. Lond. 1: 301. 1812. Calypso bulbosa Oakes, Cat. Vt. Pl. 28. 1842. Type Locality: “In Lapponia, Russia, Sibiria.’’ Rance: Alaska and British America, south to Maine, Michigan, and New Mexico; also in’ Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Hermits Peak; Winsor Creek; Sandia Mountains. Deep woods. 8. CORALLORHIZA R. Br. Corat roor. Stems stout, simple, erect, from a cluster of coral-like rootstocks (whence the generic name); leaves represented only by membranous sheaths; whole plant without green coloring matter; flowers purplish, the white lip usually spotted with purple. Our species are found only in moist, shaded, usually cool woods, where they are very striking because of the absence of green coloring. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Spur present at the summit of the ovary; lip 3-lobed..............-. 1. C. multiflora. Spurapsent, lip entire... 2. -. fo. 0). Pe Le eek Sirs ale wie ge eae Se) AC Oe en 1. Corallorhiza multiflora Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 3: 138. pl. 7. 1823. Corallorhiza grabhami Cockerell, Torreya 3: 140. 1903. Type Locauity: ‘‘ From New England to Carolina.”’ Ranee: Alaska and British America to Florida and California. New Mexico: Winsor Creek; Harveys Upper Ranch; Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; East Canyon. In woods, in the Canadian Zone. 2. Corallorhiza vreelandii Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 271. 1901. TyPE Locatity: Veta Mountains, Colorado. Ranae: Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Horsethief Canyon; Sandia Mountains. Reported from the vicinity of Pecos by Professor Cockerell, the specimens identi- fied by Rydberg. Metcalfe’s 1513 from the Black Range seems to represent another and possibly undescribed species. Our material is entirely insufficient for diagnosis. 4. PERAMIUM Salisb. RatrLESNAKE PLANTAIN. Low plants, 10 to 25 cm. high, with basal rosettes of somewhat fleshy, often varie- gated, ovate or oblong-ovate leaves; flowers on a stout scape, this glandular-viscid, twisted; flowers whitish, small; roots somewhat fleshy. i WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 151 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Lip of the corolla evidently saccate, the margins recurved; plants low, 10 to 14 cm. high; leaves 20 to 25 mm. long............. 1. P. ophioides. Lip scarcely saccate, the margins incurved; plants taller, 15 to 30 em, hich» leaves 40:40 .60)mami: Long. 2.2), scidenis emejnee ie on 2. P. decipiens. 1. Peramium ophioides (Fernald) Rydb. in Britton, Man. 302. 1901. Goodyera ophioides Fernald, Rhodora 1: 6. 1899. Tyrer Locauitry: Not definitely stated. Rance: British America to New Mexico, South Dakota, and North Carolina. New Mexico: Winsor Creek; Upper Pecos. Damp woods, in the Canadian Zone. 2. Peramium decipiens (Hook.) Piper, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 11: 208. 1906. Spiranties decipiens Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 203. 1839. Goodyera menziesii Lind]. Gen. Sp. Orchid. 492. 1840. Peramium menziesii Morong, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 124. 1894. Tyre tocauiry: Lake Huron. Ranae: British America to New York, New Mexico, and California. New Mexico: Winsor Creek; Harveys Upper Ranch; Sandia Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains. Damp woods, in the Canadian Zone. The two species grow together, and one is likely to be overlooked because of its similarity in general appearance to the other. 5. ACHROANTHES Raf. ApDER’S MOUTH. Low herbs from solid bulbs, with 1 or 2 leaves and 1 to several scales at the base of the stem; flowers small, green or purplish, in a terminal raceme or spike; sepals spreading, separate; petals filiform or linear, spreading; lip cordate or auriculate at the base. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Flowers greenish, in a very dense spike; divisions of the perianth oblong or oblong-lanceolate to ovate ........-..-..---------- 1. A. montana. Flowers purplish, in a loosely flowered spike; divisions of the peri- anth linear or linear-lanceolate........... se ere saa eee eee eS 2. A. porphyrea. 1. Achroanthes montana (Rothr.) Greene, Pittonia 2: 183. 1891. Microstylis montana Rothr. in Wheeler, Rep. U. 8. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 264. 1878. Tyre Locauity: Mount Graham, Arizona, at an elevation of 2,800 meters. Rance: In the mountains of Arizona and New Mexico. . New Mexico: Gallinas Planting Station (Bartlett 324). Deep woods, in the Cana- dian Zone. This is a considerable extension of range for the species. Heretofore it has been known in the United States only from Arizona. Specimensin the National Herbarium are from Mount Graham and the Rincon and Huachuca Mountains of that State. 2. Achroanthes porphyrea (Ridley) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 116. 19138. Microstylis purpurea 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 195. 1883, not Lindl. 1840. Microstylis porphyrea Ridley, Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 24: 320. 1888. Achroanthes purpurea Greene, Pittonia 2: 184. 1891. Tyee LocaLity: In Tanners Canyon, Huachuca Mountains, southern Arizona. Rance: Mountains of southern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Cloudcroft ( Wooton). 152 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 6. OPHRYS L. TwaysuLave. Stems slender and delicate, 10 to 20 cm. high, from fibrous creeping roots; flowers small, greenish, in few-flowered racemes; leaves 2, opposite, reniform, thin, near the top of the stem. 1. Ophrys nephrophylla Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 610. 1905. Listera nephrophylla Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 108. 1900. TYPE LOCALITY: Spanish Basin, Montana. Rance: Alaska and Oregon to Montana and New Mexico. New Mexico: Horsethief Canyon; Upper Pecos. Damp woods, in the Canadian and Hudsonian zones. 7. EPIPACTIS R. Br. HELLEBORINE. A rather tall coarse-leaved plant from a creeping rootstock; inflorescence racemose; flowers few, pediceled, conspicuously bracteate; capsule reflexed at maturity. 1. Epipactis gigantea Dougl.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 202. pl. 202. 1839. Tyre tocatity: ‘““N. W. America. On the subalpine regions of the Blue and Rocky mountains.”’ Rance: Washington and California to Texas. New Mexico: Mimbres; Grand Canyon of the Gila; Mangas Springs. Damp woods, in the Transition Zone. 8. COELOGLOSSUM Hartman. BRaAcTED ORCHIS. Stems erect, rather stout, succulent, from a bifid fusiform tuber; leaves oblong- elliptic to lanceolate, the lower obtuse, the upper acute; inflorescence a few-flowered spike with conspicuous lanceolate spreading bracts. . 1. Coeloglossum bracteatum (Willd.) Parl. Fl. Ital. 3: 409. 1858. Orchis bracteata Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 34. 1805. Habenaria bracteata R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 5: 192. 1813. Tyrer Locatity: ‘‘ Habitat in Pennsylvania.”’ RaNGE: British America south to North Carolina and New Mexico. New Mexico: Hillsboro Peak; Upper Pecos River; Winsors Ranch, Cold woods, 9. LIMNORCHIS Rydb. Boe orcuts. Erect herbaceous perennials, with succulent greenish stems arising from elongated rootlike tubers and bearing slender, more or less crowded spikes of inconspicuous greenish or white flowers. The plants occur in cool, moist situations in shaded thickets in rich soil. They have usually been referred to the genus Habenaria and are so treated in the latest revision of the genus.! We prefer the treatment of Doctor Rydberg,? which is followed here so far as it relates to New Mexican species, KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves short, 3 to 7 cm. long, the lowest usually largest........- 1. L. brevifolia. Leaves much longer, 8 to 20 cm. long, the lowest shorter than thos? along the middle of the stem. Flowers white or nearly so; spur and lip various. Lip linear, not at all dilated at the base, 8 mm. long; spur over 10 mm. long; spike long, lax, slender... 4. L. sparsiflora. 1 Ames, Oakes. Studies in the family Orchidaceae, fasc. 4. 2 Rydberg, P. A. The American species of Limnorchis and Piperia north of Mexico. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 605. 1901. re] WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. b5a Lip lanceolate, dilated at the base; spur various, Spur about equaling the short lip.................. 6. L. borealis. Spur nearly two-thirds longer than the rather long DDS o eo e e e ae nse ieee wi aioe Wed R as 2. L. thurberi. Flowers greenish or purplish; spur shorter than or about equaling the lip, this lanceolate, 4 to 5 mm. long. Petals purplish; spur one-half to two-thirds as long as the lip, conspicuously saccate, slightly curved... 5. L. purpurascens, Petals greenish; spur almost equaling the lip, clavate, REA Ae Seaton cha Seis n alee oie sietatala wineweiaia sis-5 "ous 3. L, viridiflora. Mr. Ames refers a specimen collected on the Pecos River, August 6, 1898 (G@. E. Coghill 147), to L. dilatata. Doctor Rydberg cites a specimen of L. ensifolia from Silver City, collected in 1880 by E. L. Greene. We have seen neither of these speci- mens, J. dilatata is a northeastern species, ranging only as far west as Nebraska, excluding the specimen mentioned. JL. ensifolia is closely related to L. sparsifolia, and is reported from the same region; it differs in having a shorter and denser spike, the upper sepals larger, and the bracts shorter and broader; its leaves are noticeably different in shape in material we have seen. 1. Limnorchis brevifolia (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 631. 1901. Habenaria brevifolia Greene, Bot. Gaz. 6: 218. 1881. Type Ltocauity: ‘‘In dry ground under Pinus ponderosa, Pinos Altos Mts.,’’ New Mexico. Type collected by Greene (no. 369). Rance: Mountains of southern New Mexico, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: Pinos Altos Mountains; White Mountains; Iron Creek; Sacramento Mountains. Canadian and Transition zones, 2. Limnorchis thurberi (A. Gray) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 624. 1901. Habenaria thurberi A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 7: 389. 1868. Tyrer Locauity: Arizona, Rance: California and Arizona to the mountains of western New Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Creek ( Metcalfe 282). 8. Limnorchis viridiflora (Cham.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 616. 1901. Habenaria borealis viridiflora Cham. Linnaea 3: 28. 616. 1828. Type Locality: ‘‘Unalascha.”’ Rance: Alaska, southward to the mountains of Colorado and New Mexico, east- ward to Nebraska and South Dakota. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains, Canadian Zone. 4. Limnorchis sparsiflora (S. Wats.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 631. 1901. Habenaria sparsiflora 8S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 276. 1877. Typr Locauity: “‘Common in the Sierra Nevada and mountains of Northern California.”’ Rance: Oregon and California to the mountains of western New Mexico, New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains (Rusby 399, in part). Mr. Ames refers to this species a specimen from “‘spring at Twin Sisters near Silver City.”’ This may be the L. ensifolia Rydb., reported from New Mexico. 5. Limnorchis purpurascens Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 269. 1901. Tyrer Locatity: Iron Mountain, Colorado, Ranae: Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains, 154 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 6. Limnorchis borealis (Cham.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 621. 1901. Habenaria borealis Cham. Linnaea 3: 28. 1828. TypE Locauity: ‘‘ Unalaschka.’’ Rance: Alaska to Colorado and northern New Mexico, New Mexico: Chama (Standley 6643). Bogs, in the Transition and Canadian zones, 10. IBIDIUM Salisb. Stems erect, from tuberous roots, bearing few leaves near the base; flowers small, white, spurless, spicate, the spikes twisted; sepals and petals all more or less connivent into a hood. _ 1. Ibidium strictum (Rydb.) House, Bull. Torrey Club 32: 381. 1905. Gyrostachys stricta Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 107. 1900. Tyre Loca.Lity: Indian Creek, Montana. Rance: Alaska and Newfoundland to Pennsylvania, California, and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Costilla Valley (Wooton). Bogs. Subclass DICOTYLEDONES. Order 16. PIPERALES. 29. SAURURACEAE. Lizard’s-tail Family. 1. ANEMOPSIS Hook. YERBA MANSA. Perennial herb with long stolons; leaves subcoriaceous, elliptic-oblong or oblong, pellucid-punctate, petioled, mostly basal; flowers very small, crowded on a simple involucrate conic spadix; involucral bracts petal-like, white; ovary solitary, immersed in the rachis; seeds oblong, puncticulate. 1. Anemopsis californica Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey Voy. 390. pl. 92. 1841. Houttuynia californica Benth. & Hook.; 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 483. 1880. TypPE LocaLity: California. RANGE: California to Utah and New Mexico, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Mogollon Mountains; Mangas Springs; Berendo Creek; Belen; Rincon; Dog Spring; Mesilla Valley; above Tularosa. Wet alkaline meadows, chiefly in the Lower Sonoran Zone. The plants form large and conspicuous patches in wet places, especially in alka- line soil. The form found in New Mexico, Arizona, and Chihuahua differs from the typical Californian plant in being smaller and nearly or quite glabrous, and in hay- ing the involucral bracts shorter than the spadix. Order 17. SALICALES. 30. SALICACEAEK. Willow Family. Trees or shrubs with simple alternate deciduous leaves; flowers dicecious, in cat- kins; bracts of the aments scalelike; perianth none; stamens 1 to several; ovary l-celled; stigmas 2; fruit a small capsule; seeds very numerous, small, comose. KEY TO THE GENERA. _ Bracts incised; disk cup-shaped; stamens numerous; winter * buds with semerkl scales... 2220522 eee c eeeeeener 1. Poruus (p. 155). Bracts entire; disk represented by one or two small glands; stamens few, generally less than 5; winter buds with a BUCS HED aCe. S55 Lene hee oe ies See 2. SALIx (p. 156). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 155 1. POPULUS L. Corronwoop. Trees with rough light-colored bark and scaly resinous buds; leaves usually long- petioled, somewhat coriaceous, with prominent veins; flowers in pendulous aments, appearing before the leaves; seeds with a conspicuous white coma (the ‘‘cotton”’). This is the genus containing the common cottonwoods of the State and the less well known aspen or ‘‘quaking asp” of the higher mountains. They are all rather short- lived trees and grow in stations where the soil is at least moderately wet, preferring the broad river valleys, where one species (P. wislizeni) is almost the only tree, or locations besides mountain streams or springs. The aspen is a characteristic plant of the Canadian Zone. Three of the species here mentioned are used more or less extensively and effectively as shade trees, and might well be used a great deal more. The wood of all species is light and spongy and not valuable for posts or firewood, although frequently used for these purposes for lack of something better. The silver-leaf poplar (Populus alba), the Lombardy poplar (P. italica), and the Carolina poplar (P. deltoides) are cultivated in many localities in the State, and prove very satisfactory, though short-lived, shade trees. Doctor Britton states that P. mezi- cana §. Wats. occurs in New Mexico, but we have seen no material like the Mexican plant. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Petioles flattened laterally; leaves broad, deltoid to rotund. Leaves broadly ovate to rotund, abruptly short-acuminate, 3 to 5cm. long and broad, paler beneath; small tree of the jE VETESS Graal 12 105 (Se ge eee ca A 1. P. aurea. Leaves broadly deltoid, acuminate, 5 to 8 em. long and 6 to 10 em. broad, of the same color on both surfaces; large fie Omtie lp wer: VAMC YS oa) oie bs See tiners aba is see's stents uj. 2. P. wislizent. Petioles terete, or channeled on the upper surface; leaves narrower, ovate to narrowly lanceolate. Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 6 to 10 cm. long, 3 to 5 cm. broad, rather coarsely crenate, both surfaces of the same PERU seas a ee Bern ou tte wed criat wimps ees woes 3. P. acuminata. Leaves broadly to narrowly lanceolate, 7 to 15 em. long and 2 to4cm. wide, finely serrate with blunt teeth; much paler eeniewtiiess 2225. he3 co 22 Se SGM DP. Scie sh oce 4. P.angustifolia 1. Populus aurea Tidestrom, Amer. Mid. Nat. 2: 35. 1911. QUAKING ASPEN. Populus tremuloides aurea Daniels, Univ. Mo. Stud. Sci. 27: 98. 1911. Type LocaLity: Vicinity of Mount Carbon, Colorado. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to British America. New Mexico: Common in all the higher mountain ranges. Canadian Zone. The aspen is a slender, white-barked tree found along streams and on cool slopes of the mountains, or in shaded canyons, associated with firs and spruces, occasionally forming pure forests covering small areas. It is the first tree to take possession of burned areas, completely covering them before the conifers establish themselves. In pure stands the trees are usually very close together, and, the trees being short-lived, such forests soon become a dense tangle of fallen timber. The foliage is thin and scanty, and notwithstanding the number of trees their shade is never dense. 2. Populus wislizeni (S. Wats.) Sarg. Man. Trees N. Amer. 165. 1905. VALLEY COTTONWOOD. Populus fremontit wislizent 8. Wats. Amer. Journ. Sci. III. 15: 3. 1878. Type Locauity: ‘‘From §. California to the Rio Grande.’’ Range: Colorado to western Texas and northern Mexico. 156 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. New Mexico: San Juan Valley; Santa Fe; Zuni; Mogollon Mountains; Burro Mountains; Black Range; Deming; Socorro; Mesilla Valley; above Tularosa. Along the larger streams, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. The common “‘valley cottonwood,’ as it is called by those who are acquainted with the ‘‘mountain cottonwood,’’ is perhaps the best known tree of the State. It is doubt- less the most common shade tree of New Mexico, being used almost everywhere. It is very common along the broad flood plains of the Rio Grande and the San Juan, where it forms ‘‘bosques” of considerable extent. Besides its use as firewood and for fence posts, straight trunks are used by the Mexicans for the ‘‘vigas” or rafters of their houses. When stripped of their bark, the trees do not decay rapidly. 3. Populus acuminata Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 20: 50. 1893. TYPE LocALity: Carter Canyon, Scotts Bluff County, Nebraska. RanGE: Montana to New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Farmington; near Alma; mountains west of San Antonio; Cliff; Fort Bayard; Dog Spring; Kingston; Deming. Canyons and river valleys, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This species grows in situations similar to those in which P. wislizeni is found, besides extending farther up into the mountains. At Deming and Silver City it is used as a shade tree along with the valley cottonwood and is probably equally valu- able for that purpose. 4. Populus angustifolia James in Long, Exped. 1: 497. 1823. MOUNTAIN COTTONWOOD. TypPE LocaLity: Rocky Mountains. RANGE: British America to Nebraska, Utah, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Common in all the mountain ranges from the Black Range, Organ Mountains, and White Mountains northward. Canyons and along streams, in the Transition and Upper Sonoran zones. The mountain cottonwood or ‘ narrow-leaved cottonwood ”’ grows naturally in the mountains along streams, sometimes attaining a great size. It is also common along the valley of the San Juan in San Juan County. It is a rapid grower like its con- geners, and is worthy of much more extensive use than has so far been accorded it. 2. SALIX L. Wittow. Shrubs or small trees, from a few centimeters to several meters high; leaves from narrowly linear to short-elliptic or obovate; flowers in aments, appearing before or with the leaves; perianth a single scale; stamens few; pistil single, with a gland at the base of the ovary, the stigma short; fruit a capsule, containing numerous very small hairy seeds. The plants of this genus occur at all levels in the State, but are always found where ‘the ground water is abundant and near the surface during the growing season. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves usually only about 3 times as long as broad, elliptic-oval to obovate, never narrowly lanceolate or linear; capsules hairy (except in S. monticola). Styles obsolete, or less than 0.5 mm. long. Alpine plants léss than 10 emhiehios 22224 - eee ee = 1. S. saximontana. Small trees or shrubs, much more than 10 cm. high, at middle elevations in the mountains. Aments slender, lax; scales pale; stigmas very short; leaves elliptic-lanceolate, acute...........- 2. S. bebbiana. Aments stout, dense; scales dark; stigmas long, slender; leaves obovate, obtuse or abruptly Styles elongated, 1 mm. long or more. Leaves glabrous on both surfaces, bright green; aments Leaves pubescent, sometimes eas so; aments on leafy stems. Capsules tomentose. Leaves glabrate on the upper surface, densely Leaves pubescent on both surfaces, not densely sericeous beneath. . Leaves several times as long as broad, linear to elongate-lanceo- late or oblong-lanceolate; capsules glabrous (or weakly villous in nos. 10, 11, 12). Scales not pale yellow, mostly brownish and persistent. Leaves broadly lanceolate; young branches not glaucous; Leaves narrowly oblong-lanceolate; young branches Scales pale yellow, deciduous. Stamens 2, hairy below; leaves more or less canescent, linear, remotely denticulate, or sometimes entire; capsules more or less hairy. Capsules 3 to 4 mm. long; leaves 1 to 3 cm. long, Capsules 5 to 7 mm. long, glabrate; leaves 5 to 10 em. long. Leaves bright green and glabrate, at least above, denticulate; capsules 7 mm. long, on Leaves canescent, entire or sometimes denti- culate; capsules smaller, 5 mm. long, on a short pedicel or sessile. Stamens 3 or more, hairy below; leaves bright green above, lanceolate, finely serrulate; capsules * pubescent or glabrous. Petioles and leaf blades glandular. : Leaves long-acuminate, only slightly paler : Wementhe Thine Arse, wos eek soe: Leaves short-acuminate, glaucous beneath, somewhat coriaceous...........-------- 14. ¢ Petioles and leaf blades not glandular. Leaves paler beneath. Capsules short-stipitate;- stamens usually NOU c eccudse ce: ce eee go HORDES Ae eee 3. elosely cedsiles. 42 s-Ser ne wehetae hres yale ds ae\nieed 4, Capsules Minbnoue. see <2 ce soles sce Se ee esses 7. Sericcous, Wemeath 7)... 2c-i5.44-eeod- ideas 20. Plants 40:0 toOlem high. <5 23 oes a 6. Plants less than 10 cm. high..,........... a. capsules distinctly pedicellate.............-..-- 8. very glaucous; capsules subsessile..........-.--- 9. finely pubescetibe ted exh edctiserereclels ep) 2 12. lone Pedice lain 5 Wesabe. <2 ates one's 10. Wapamlensescwles cs So aac Wain geass ili Capsules |StIplidtes - =... 2c esssizens pees = = 18. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 157 S. scouleriana. S. chlorophylla. S. monticola. S'. subcaerulea. S. glaucops. S. petrophila. S. cordata wat- sont. SS. trrorata. S. taxifolia. S. fluviatilis. S. exigua. S. argophylla. S. fendleriana. S. lasiandra. . S. bonplandiana. Capsules long-stipitate; stamens 5 to 9...-19. S. amygdaloides. 158 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Leaves of the same color on both surfaces. Leaves long-lanceolate; a compact, spread- REDE E Or a pe Be, = ots ae 16. S. nigra. Leaves shorter; a straggling tree or shrub. -15. S. wrightit. 1. Salix saximontana Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 261. 1899. Tyrer Locatity: Grays Peak, Colorado. Rance: New Mexico to Reece: and westward. New Mexico: Taos Mountains; Truchas Peak. Alpine summits, in the Arctic- Alpine Zone. A densely cespitose plant, less than 10 cm. high, with small, elliptic, obtuse or acute, entire leaves, these green above, glaucous beneath, on slender petioles. In New Mexico known only from the tops of the highest peaks in the northern part of the State. 2. Salix bebbiana Sarg. Gard. & For. 8: 463. 1895. Salix perrostrata Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 163. 1901. Tyrer Locauity: British Amerfca. Rance: From New Mexico northward and eastward. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Raton; Catskill; El Rito Creek; Chama; Zuni Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; White Mountains. Along streams in the mountains at middle elevations, in the Transition Zone. 3. Salix scouleriana Barratt; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 145. 1839. Salix flavescens Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 1: 65. 1842. Salix nuttallii Sarg. Gard. & For. 8: 463. 1895. Type tocauity: ‘“‘North West America, on the Columbia. Dr. Scouler. Fort Vancouver. Tolmie.”’ Rance: New Mexico to Alberta and westward. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Sierra Grande; Beulah; Zuni Mountains; Eagle Peak; Black Range; Magdalena Mountains; Cloudcroft. Along mountain streams, in the Transition and Canadian zones. Similar to the next in appearance, but the leaves of a different shape and he charac- ters of the inflorescence conspicuously different. It comes into our range from the west, while S. bebbiana comes into New Mexico from the east. 4. Salix chlorophylla Anderss. Vet. Akad. Hand]. Stockholm 6: 138. 1867. Typr LocaLity: Western Canada. Range: New Mexico, Utah, and California and northward. New Mexico: Pecos Baldy; top of Las Vegas Range; Taos Mountains. In the higher mountains, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. A low branching shrub, only a few, often not more than two decimeters high; leaves thin, elliptic-ovate, 2 to 3 cm. long, usually entire and acute, paler and slightly glaucous beneath. 5. Salix petrophila Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 268. 1899. Salix arctica petraea Anderss. in DC. Prodr. 16: 287. 1864. e Typr Locatity: ‘‘In summis Rocky Mountains.’’ Rance: New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, and northward. New Mexico: Truchas Peak; Taos Mountains. Among rocks on alpine summits, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. A low, creeping plant, 10 cm. high or less, with glabrous, yellowish or brown stems and elliptic, green leaves 3 cm. long or less, found only on very high peaks in the northern part of the State. 6. Salix glaucops Anderss. in DC. Prodr. 16: 281. 1868. Salix seemanit Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 164. 1901. Salix wyomingensis Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 271. 1901, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 159 Type Locauity: Rocky Mountains. Rance: New Mexico to Canada, and westward. New Mexico: Taos Mountains; Upper Pecos River. Boggy places in the high mountains, in the Hudsonian Zone. A Jow shrub, 40 to 150 em. high, known in New Mexico only from the tops of high mountains in the northern part on the State. 7. Salix monticola Bebb in Coulter, Man. Rocky Mount. 336. 1885. Salix padophylla Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 499. 1901. Type Locauiry: Golden, Colorado. Rance: New Mexico to Alberta. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. At high levels in the mountains, in the Transition and Canadian zones, A shrub 3 to 6 meters high, with reddish brown, glabrous stems and elliptic-oblong to broadly oblanceolate leaves 5 to 7 cm. long. It comes into our region from the north and is now known only from the mountains between Santa Fe and Las Vegas, 8. Salix cordata watsoni Bebb in 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 86. 1880. Saliz flava Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 273. 1901. Salix watsoni Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 157. 1906. TypE Locatity: Near Carson City, Nevada. Rance: Rocky Mountains, westward to the Pacific coast. New Mexico: Pecos; Atarque de Garcia; White Mountains. Along streams, in the Transition Zone. 9. Salix irrorata Anderss. Ofv. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Férh. 15: 117. 1858. Type Locauity: “Hab. in Mexico nova.’”’ Type collected by Fendler, probably about Santa Fe (no. 812). Rance: Western Texas to southwestern Arizona, northward to Colorado, New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Zuni; Sandia Mountains; San Mateo Mountains; Magdalena Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Fort Bayard; Dog Spring; Organ Mountains; White Mountains. Transition Zone. This is one of two very common shrubby willows found beside mountain streams at middle elevations almost throughout the State. Rarely it takes the form of a low tree, but it is usually a shrub 3 to 4 meters high or less. The catkins appear before the leaves, from rather large buds borne on glaucous stems, and are closely followed by short, narrowly elliptic-oblong leaves, 2 or 3 cm. long. The summer foliage con- sists of numerous, thin, narrowly oblong-lanceolate, abruptly acute, entire or serrate leaves 15 cm. long or less, dark green above and very glaucous beneath. The stems may retain their glaucous coat, but are usually brown. 10. Salix fluviatilis Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 1: 73. 1842. Saliz interior Rowlee, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 273. 1900. Salix linearifolia Rydb. in Britton, Man. 316. 1901. Tyre Locatity: ‘The immediate border of the Oregon a little below its confluence with the Wahlamet.”’ Ranee: Idaho to New Mexico, eastward across the continent; not common in the Rocky Mountain region, New Mexico: Fort Bayard (Blumer 124). Upper Sonoran Zone. Very rare in our range, most of the specimens that have been referred here belong- ing, probably, to S. exigua. 11. Salix exigua Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 1: 75. 1842. SANDBAR WILLOW. Salix stenophylla Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 271. 1901. Tyre Locauity: “Territory of Oregon.’’ Rance; Rocky Mountain Region and westward, 160 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. New Mexico: Farmington; Tierra Amarilla; Tunitcha Mountains; Santa Fe; Pecos; Magdalena; Gila; Kingston; near Carlisle; White Mountains; Organ Mountains; Mesilla Valley. Common along streams, from the Lower Sonoran to the Transition Zone. Salix thurberi Rowlee is a form with longer leaves that are noticeably dentate. In our opinion it is not essentially different from S. exigua as defined above. This is the common shrubby willow which grows in sandy soil, on ditch banks, and to some extent beside streams, in the mountains at the lower levels throughout the State. It is exceedingly variable in the size of the leaves and the degree of pub- escence of the whole plant. The leaves are always narrowly linear and acute. The Indians and Mexicans use the stripped branches in basketry. 12. Salix taxifolia H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 22. 1817. Type Locauity: ‘‘Coliturin hortis Mexicani, Queretari, Belnyae) alt. 900-1200 hex.”’ Rance: Arizona and New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Deer Creek (Goldman 1441). Closely related to S. exigua, but with shorter leaves and very pubescent capsules. It is known to us only from a single specimen from the extreme southwestern corner of the State. 13. Salix fendleriana Anderss. Ofv. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Forh. 15: 115. 1858. Type tocauity: ‘Hab, in Mexico nova,.’’ Type collected by Fendler, probably about Santa Fe (no. 816). Rance: Northern New Mexico, northward and westward to the Pacific Coast. New Mexico: Nutritas Creek below Tierra Amarilla (Eggleston 6634, 6637). Transition Zone. The species seems to be much more abundant farther north. 14. Salix lasiandra Benth. Pl. Hartw. 335. 1849. WESTERN BLACK WILLOW. TypE tocauity: ‘‘Ad flumen Sacramento,’’ California. Rance: Western and northern New Mexico to California, and northward. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe Canyon; north of Ramah; Mogollon Mountains. Transition Zone. This is one of the two shrubby willows found along the borders of mountain streams at middle elevations. The stems are brown and shining; the leaves are somewhat coriaceous, resembling a cottonwood leaf, almost perfectly lanceolate, acuminate, finely serrate, shining dark green above and pale or somewhat glaucous beneath, 8 to 12 cm. long. It is sometimes associated with S. irrorata, but our material shows it only from the western and northern parts of the State. 15. Salix wrightii Anderss. Ofv. Svensk. Vet. Akad. Férh. 15: 115. 1858. Type Locauity: ‘‘Hab. in Nova Mexico.’’ The type is Wright’s 1877 and did not come from New Mexico but from the banks of the Rio Grande, in Texas or Chihua- . hua, or from Lake Santa Maria, Chihuahua. Rance: From New Mexico southward into western Texas and Chihuahua, west- ward to Arizona and Sonora. New Mexico: Cross L Ranch; Albuquerque; Socorro; Kingston; Mangas Springs; Mesilla Valley; Roswell. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. The species is the common narrow-leaved willow tree of New Mexico. It occurs mostly along water courses (or near acequias or flooded bottoms) at the lower levels. The mature leaves are light green, of about the same color on both surfaces, narrowly lanceolate, with numerous small teeth. Small, narrowly oblong-lanceolate, acute leaves appear with the flowers. The trunk is sometimes 20 cm. in diameter and is covered with rough gray bark. The branches are slender, greenish yellow, and not reflexed, even on old trees, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 161 16. Salix nigra Marsh. Arb. Amer. 139. 1785. BLack WILLOW. TypE Locatity: North America. RanGeE: California to Colorado and New Mexico, and eastward. New Mexico: Gila; Dog Spring; Emory Spring; Grant County; White Sands. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. It is very probable that further study of what is here considered S. nigra in New Mexico will show that it belongs to S. wright, which is the common plant of the type. The leaves of our specimens are firmer than those of the eastern form and usually broader. 17. Salix bonplandiana H. B. K. Noy. Gen. & Sp. 2: 24. pl. 101, 102. 1817. TypE Loca.ity: ‘‘In Regno Mexicano, locis opacatis prope Moran, Cabrera, Omitlan et Pachuca, alt. 1270-1350 hexap.”’ Rance: Arizona and New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains (Mearns 2189, 2434). 18. Salix argophylla Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 1: 71. 1842. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the Boise River, toward its junction with the Shoshonee,”’ Idaho. RANGE: Washington and Oregon to Idaho and New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Shiprock; Reserve. Along streams, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. With us a shrub 2 to 3 meters high. 19. Salix amygdaloides Anderss. Proc. Amer. Acad. 4: 53. 1858. TYPE LocALITy: Fort Pierre, South Dakota. RaneGeE: British Columbia and Quebec, southward to New York, Texas, and Oregon. New Mexico: Shiprock; Farmington. Along streams, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This becomes a tree 10 meters high. 20. Salix subcaerulea Piper, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 400. 1900. Salix covillei Eastwood, Zoe 5: 80. 1900. Salix pachnophora Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 402. 1904. Type LocaLity: Powder River Mountains, in wet meadows near the head of Eagle Creek, Oregon. RanGE: Oregon and Montana to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Along Willow Creek, Rio Arriba County (Standley 6702). Along streams and in wet meadows, in the Transition and Canadian zones. A tree 5 meters high or less. Order 18. JUGLANDALES. 31. JUGLANDACEAE. Walnut Family. A smali family of large or small trees and large shrubs, of considerable economic importance on account of the value of their wood for various purposes and because of their edible seeds generally called ‘‘nuts”; leaves pinnately compound, the leaflets mostly large; flowers moneecious, the sterile flowers in catkins, the fertile solitary or few together in short spikes. The family contains the well known black walnut and the English walnut of com- merce, the hickory nut, and the pecan. Only a single genus occurs native in our range, but the pecan is cultivated in a few localities. 52576°—15——11 162 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. JUGLANS L. Watnvt. Strong-scented trees or shrubs; buds few-scaled or naked; flowers in simple pendu- lous catkins from the branches of the previous year; calyx 3 to 6-cleft; stamens 12 to 40, with short filaments; styles 2, short; fruit drupaceous, the exocarp fibrous-fleshy, indehiscent, the endocarp and irregularly roughened ‘‘nut” with an edible embryo. There are at least two species of Juglans in New Mexico and possibly a third. The two do not occur together so far as any records show or as we know. The small bushy species occurs only in the southeastern part of the State in the Lower Sonoran Zone, while the tree grows in the mountains, mostly in the Transition or just at the top of the Upper Sonoran Zone. Mr. O. B. Metcalfe once collected some nuts from a tree in the mountains of the western part of the State which were much larger than those of either of the species mentioned here. These were not accompanied by any other material, so that we are unable to characterize the species. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Large shrub 4 to 6 meters high, branching from the ground, rarely if ever wit a nomecable trunk (5.0225. 5.02 oss sees ae eee 1. J. rupestris. Tree 8 meters high or more, with a trunk often 3 meters high and 30 to oo enn. in dinmieter. i-55..255 4 eee 2 a eee 2. J. major. 1. Juglans rupestris Engelm. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Zui & Colo. 171. f. 15. 1854. Type Locauity: ‘‘New Mexico.”’ Rance: Western Texas and southeastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Guadalupe Mountains; east slope of the Sacramento Mountains; Pecos Valley. Along streams, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. This walnut is a large branching shrub, in New Mexico usually less than 5 meters high, with several stems from one root, branched down to the ground. Itis not uncom- mon along the Pecos and its tributaries in the southeastern part of the State and may go some distance back up the tributaries toward the mountains. It is common on the Pecos and the Devils River in western Texas, where it reaches a larger size but still retains the shrubby habit. Its leaflets (6 to 12 pairs) are lanceolate, acuminate, sub- falcate, with oblique bases, entire or with relatively few teeth which are rendered more inconspicuous because the margin is revolute. It has been confused with the other New Mexican species by many writers and collectors, although Doctor Torrey had a good conception of the two when he described them. He evidently believed them to be distinct and assigned one of them (J. major) to subspecific rank, as he says, ‘for the present,’’ probably because of the statements of some of the collectors who had not seen both. The species is easily recognized by its smaller size, shrubby habit, smaller and more numerous leaflets, and very small, thick-walled nut only 10 to 15 mm. in diameter. 2. Juglans major (Torr.) Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 50. 1900. Juglans rupestris major Torr. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Zufii & Colo. 171. pl. 16. 1854. Type Locauity: ‘‘Western New Mexico.”’ This is certainly Arizona. Rane@e: New Mexico and Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Magadalena Mountains; Burro Mountains; Mangas Springs; Fort Bayard; Black Range; Dog Spring; Animas Mountains; White Mountains. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. In his original description of this species Doctor Torrey says that ‘‘Dr. Woodhouse found the plant in western New Mexico and Dr. Bigelow collected it at the Copper Mines.’’ ‘‘Western New Mexico” at that time included Arizona. The plant com- mon in the region of the Copper Mines is a good-sized tree, not infrequently with a trunk 3 to 4 meters to the first branch and 40 to 50 centimeters in diameter, with a WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 163 large rounded top 12 to 15 meters high. Its leaflets are broadly lanceolate, 6 to 9 cm. long, not revolute-margined but serrate. The nut is 20 to 25 mm. in diameter. This species has been confused with a Californian one (J. californica S. Wats.) from which it is said, by those who know both, to be distinct. The Californian plant is found in the Sacramento Valley. Our native walnuts, this species in particular, are often known by the native name of ‘‘nogal.”’ Order 19. FAGALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Staminate and pistillate flowers in aments; fruit never Maud Te OL" CUP eo cli 3 we viele ole ciclera a. 32. BETULACEAE (p. 163). Staminate flowers in aments, the pistillate often soli- faryo arid: withja bur ot, CUP semi t aoa can bees 33. FAGACEAE (p. 164). 32. BETULACEAE. Birch Family. Moneecious or rarely dicecious trees or shrubs with alternate simple leaves and deciduous stipules; sterile flowers in catkins; fertile flowers clustered, spicate, or in scaly catkins; fruit a 1-celled and 1-seeded nut with or without a foliaceous involucre. KEY TO THE: GENERA. Ovary mclosedimia bladdery, bag.n tse... c22cee0-en bs 5-524 + 1. Ostrya (p. 163). Ovary not inclosed in a bladdery bag. Stamens 2; bractsof the mature pistillate aments membra- nous, usually 3-lobed, deciduous with the nut ......- 2. Bretuta (p. 163). Stamens usually 4; bracts of the mature pistillate aments thickened and woody, erose or toothed, persistent.... 3. ALNUS (p. 164). 1. OSTRYA Scop. Hop HORNBEAM. A small tree; sterile flowers consisting of several stamens in the axil of each bract; fertile flowers a pair to each deciduous bract, inclosed in a bractlet, this in fruit becoming a bladdery bag, the involucres forming a kind of strobile resembling that of the hop. 1. Ostrya baileyi Rose, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 8: 293. 1905. TypPE Locatity: Guadalupe Mountains, Texas. Rance: Known only from the type locality. The type was collected only two miles from the New Mexico line, and the species, with but little doubt, occurs at the north end of the range in New Mexico. 2. BETULA L. Birc#. Small tree or large shrub with slender stems; sterile flowers 3 to each shield-shaped scale of the catkin; fertile flowers 2 or 3 to each 3-lobed bract, the bracts thin, decidu- ous; fertile catkins ovoid to cylindric. 1. Betula fontinalis Sarg. Bot. Gaz. 31: 239. 1901. Betula microphylla fontinalis Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 77. 1908. TyPE LOcALITy: ‘‘On the Sweetwater, one of the branches of the Platte.”’ RanGE: British America to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: San Juan Valley; Tunitcha Mountains; Paquate. Along streams, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 164 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 38. ALNUS Hill. A.LpeEr. Shrubs or small trees with thin toothed leaves; sterile catkins with 4 or 5~bract- lets and 3 flowers upon each scale; fertile catkins ovoid or ellipsoid, the scales each subtending 2 flowers and a group of 4 small scales, the latter becoming woody in fruit, wedge-obovate. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves rounded to truncate at the base, somewhat lobed, ovate to broadly oblong: sstamens)4..2 55. 25 snc SS ee ees 1. A. tenuifolia. Leaves usually cuneate or at least narrowed at the base, seldom lobed, the younger ones lanceolate, the older elliptic or ob- leno: stamens 10:3, usually 22... ..o.... Sets ieee eeu 2. A.oblongifolia. 1. Alnus tenuifolia Nutt. N. Amer. Sylv. 1: 32. 1842. Type Locatity: ‘‘On the borders of small streams within the Range of the Rocky Mountains, and afterwards in the valleys of the Blue Mountains of Oregon.”’ Rance: British America to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Cedar Hill; Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. Along streams, in the Transition Zone. The powdered bark of the alder, together with ashes of Juniperus monosperma and a decoction of Cercocarpus montanus, were used by the Navahos in preparing a red dye for wool. 2. Alnus oblongifolia Torr. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 204. 1859. Alnus acuminata H. B. K. err. det. many authors, TypE LocAtity: Banks of the Mimbres and near Santa Barbara, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1864). Rance: Southern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Magdalena Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range. Along streams, in the Transition Zone. 33. FAGACEAE. Beech Family. 1. QUERCUS L. Oak. Low shrubs or large trees with rough bark on the older stems and hard tough wood; leaves chlorophyll green and deciduous, or bluish or grayish green and persistent almost or quite until the appearance of the leaves of the following season, of various shapes, size, and texture, generally short-petioled, mostly more or less stellate- pubescent at some time; flowers moncecious, the staminate usually in slender pendu- lous aments, the pistillate solitary or in few-flowered spikelike aments, appearing with the leaves; fruit (acorn) a nut varying in shape and size with the species, the cup being also of varying size and shape. The treatment here given follows that of Doctor Rydberg,! and much of the work was done in consultation with him, while examining a rather extended series of New Mexican specimens. The species listed cover the material at New York and Wash- ington and that in the herbarium of the New Mexico Agricultural College. With the use of this material is combined the field experience of Doctor Rydberg and the authors, extending over a number of years of careful study of the genus. The attitude here assumed is that forms represented by numerous individuals that are easily distinguishable in the field and herbarium are worthy of separate names. Whether one calls them species or subspecies matters little; we prefer the former and the forms are so treated here. 1 The Oaks of the Continental Divide. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 187. 1901. — WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 165 There are several well-marked groups of closely-related species, the most conspicuous of which is that clustered about Q. gambelii, including Q. utahensis, Q. submollis, Q. gunnisonii, Q. vreelandii, Q. novomexicana, and Q. leptophylla, all of which have green deciduous leaves of much the same texture and outline with varying degrees of pubescence. Another group is that consisting of shrubs of small or large size (never forming trees) of the higher mountains, having more or less persistent blue green leaves—Q. undulata, Q. fendleri, Q. rydbergiana. Yet another well-marked group contains the low trees of the southern part of the State, occurring among the rocks and canyons of the drier and hotter mountains. These are Q. grisea, Q. arizonica, and Q. reticulata, the last being a large tree in the mountains of New Mexico. A single chestnut oak, known from two stations, is Q. muhlenbergii, a most unexpected find. The affiliations of the other species are not so easily seen, each species standing more or less by itself in New Mexico. Acorns of the different oaks were formerly used by the Indians as food. They were boiled or roasted or sometimes dried and ground into flour. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Acorns sericeous-tomentose inside, maturing the second year.... 1. Q. hypoleuca. Acorns not sericeous-tomentose inside, maturing the first year. Leaves bluish, grayish, or yellowish green (never bright chlorophyll green), more or less coriaceous, mostly persisting until the appearance of new leaves, hence the plant leafy all the time. Leaves not persisting; medium-sized shrub........-.--- 2. Q. fendleri. Old leaves persisting till after the appearance of the young ones; shrubs or trees. Mature plants shrubs, never trees. Plant about 1 meter high, with very small acome and: leaves. o. see 2sosecese sos et 4. Q. rydbergiana. Plants more than a meter high, the leaves and acorns large. Leaves fulvous beneath; cup turbinate.... 6. Q. turbinella. Leaves not fulvous beneath; cup hemis- pheric. Leaves only moderately coriaceous, neither spinulose-toothed nor CRISPEC rate ee Se recone Sate a2 3. Q. undulata. Leaves strongly coriaceous, much crisped and spinulose-toothed... 5. Q. pungens. Mature plants trees (shrubby forms immature, usually not fruiting). Scales of the cup thin, only slightly corky- thickened on the back; mature leaves yellowish green. Leaves of the same color on both surfaces.. 7. Q. emoryi. Leaves fulvous beneath, especially when MOUN G's octets ee. Mrmr ere ete ela kx 8. Q. wilcomn. Scales of the cup corky-thickened on the back; leaves fulvous beneath, glabrate above. Acorns large; mature leaves all more or less conspicuously toothed (resembling EHORG OL Ot JERGICH occ mcbicc a fen 3a oe 9. Q. confusa. 166 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Acorns of medium size; only the younger leaves conspicuously toothed. Leaves large, obovate, strongly reticu- late; teeth small and numerous... .13 Leaves of medium size, oblong, only slightly reticulate, entire or with few coarse teeth. Leaves and twigs of the year glabrous in age; leaves rarely with any Leaves permanently and densely stellate-pubescent beneath, as also the twigs of the year; leaves various. Cup shallow; acorn acute......... 12. Cup deep, covering one-third the acorn; acorn truncate or obtuse.11. Leaves chlorophyll green, not coriaceous, deciduous in the fall, hence the plants leafless in the winter. Leaves coarsely serrate-toothed with numerous teeth from base to apex, not truly lobed.............-- 14, Leaves more or less sinuately lobed. Low shrubs, never forming trees; leaves small, 7 cm. long or less. Lobes few and shallow, appearing as a few large teeth; some of the leaves obovate in outline yc. Aaa eee oe ee 15. Lobes deep and more numerous; leaves oblong in outline. Acorns very large, 25 mm. long; a plant of the southeastern sandhills.........-. 16. Acorns small, 10 mm. long or less, racemose; plant of the mountains of the northern part of the: State.c.--2--seceeee eee 17. Taller shrubs or trees with large, deeply lobed leaves mostly 10 cm. long or more. Mature leaves soft-pubescent and almost velvety beneath. Scales of the cup thin, little thickened on the back; leaves distinctly obovate INOUtLME LHe oo ee ee Cee Ee 18. Scales of the cup thickened on the back; leaves mostly oblong, only slightly broadened upward.........-.-.--.--- 19. Mature leaves not velvety beneath, usually glabrate, sometimes slightly pubescent, especially on the veins. Cup saucer-shaped, covering less than one- fourth of the: scormes-sssse eee eee 20. Cup hemispheric, covering one-third to half the acorn. Acorns ovoid, acute; cup covering about half the acorn............--. 24. . Q. reticulata. . Q. oblongifolia. Q. arizonica. Q. grisea. Q. muhlenbergii. Q. media. Q. havardit. Q. venustula. Q. submollis. Q. utahensis. Q. vreelandit. Q. gambelit. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 167 Acorns barrel-shaped, obtuse; cup various. Mature leaves thin, large, obovate, cuneate, dark green above; acom very short, frequently more than BLT AT AIO CU he a2 is - Joie aint 3. 21. Q. leptophylla. Mature leaves firm, deeply lobed; acorns longer, about one-third in the cup. Leaves oblong, lobed half way to the midrib, dull-colored; lobes USE yo RUNSIO. ose no ae 2 22. Q. gunnisonit. Leaves obovate, lobed more than half way to the midrib, dark green above; lobes frequently aan TODS see. Rise. Sete 23. Q. novomexicana, 1. Quercus hypoleuca Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 384. 1876. WHITE-LEAF OAK. Typr Locauity: Arizona. Rance: Southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Common from the Black Range and the Mogollon Mountains south to the Mexican border. Low dry mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. One of the two easily recognizable species of the State, occurring only in the moun- tains of the southwestern part. It becomesa tree 10 meters high or occasionally higher, but is frequently found asa small bushforming clumps. The leaves are characteristic, being very thick and leathery, oblong-lanceolate, entire or with a few coarse teeth near the apex, yellowish green and glabrous above, densely white-woolly beneath. The tree is well worth cultivation for decorative purposes. 2. Quercus fendleri Liebm. Overs. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1854: 170. 1854. FENDLER OAK. Quercus undulata A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 16?: 23. 1864, in part. Quercus undulata pedunculata A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 16?: 23. 1864. Quercus undulata Sarg. Silv. N. Amer. 8: 75. 1895, in part. Type LocaLity: New Mexico, probably near Santa Fe. Type collected by Fendler (no. 805). RanaeE: Southern Colorado, northern New Mexico, and Arizona, and in the Pan- handle region of Texas. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Raton; El Rito Creek; Ramah; Sandia Mountains; East View; Gallinas Mountains; Whité and Sacramento mountains; Buchanan; Duran. Drier mountains, in the Transition Zone. This is very near Quercus undulata, with which it is usually geographically asso- ciated, being separated from that species merely by size of the parts and the persistence of the leaves. It is practically impossible to distinguish ordinary herbarium speci- mens showing leaves and fruit. Doctor Rydberg’s key puts them in two different subsections on the ground of persistence of leaves, thus throwing Q. undulata next Q. pungens, which has a very different zonal distribution in New Mexico. 38. Quercus undulata Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 248. 1828. Quercus undulata jamesii Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 382. 1876. Type Locauity: ‘‘Sources of the Canadian and the Rocky Mountains,’’ Colorado or New Mexico. Ranae: Northern New Mexico and Arizona and southern Colorado, and western Texas. New Mexico: Glorieta; 25 miles south of Gallup; Pajarito Park; East View; Gallinas Mountains; Buchanan; Duran; Guadalupe Mountains; Sierra Grande; Organ Moun- tains. Drier mountains, in the Transition Zone, extending down into the Upper Sonoran. ; 168 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. What is here accepted as Quercus undulata is a low, straggling shrub 1 to 3 meters high, with small oblong leaves 3 to 5 cm. long, their margins sinuate-dentate, the teeth few and distinctly cuspidate but not spinulose. The leaves are firm but not coriaceous, and Doctor Rydberg believes them to be blue green, although from the type specimen and the description it is impossible to determine this. However, this is the common type of plant having the other characteristics ascribed to the species that is to be found in eastern Colorado and northeastern New Mexico, the region from which the type came. The plant here accepted is one of the two common shrubs having blue green leaves in the mountains of the northern part of the State. It also occurs as a low shrub high up on the peaks of the dry, rocky mountains of the southern part, a thousand feet or more above the common live oaks of that region. The acorns are rather small, 10 to 15 mm. long, in a thickened, hemispherical cup. 4. Quercus rydbergiana Cockerell, Torreya 3: 7. 1903. Quercus undulata rydbergiana Cockerell, Torreya 3: 86. 1903. TypE Locatity: Las Vegas Hot Springs, New Mexico. Type collected by Cockerell. Ranee: Mountains of the north central part of New Mexico. New Mexico: Las Vegas Mountains; Cebolla Springs. Transition Zone. A small bush, 1 meter high or less, with small (2 to 4 cm. long), oblong, bluish green leaves with a few coarse sinuate lobelike teeth. The acorns are very small, less than 1 cm. long, in a shallow cup whose scales are very small, numerous, and somewhat thickened on the back. This certainly is a relative of what is here regarded as Q. undulata, and Professor Cockerell may be right in reducing it to a subspecies of that, but it is more easily separable from Q. undulata than is Q. fendleri and is more distinct than the various species or subspecies, as one chooses to consider them, that are grouped around Q. gambelit. There is little doubt that the various Rocky Mountain species hybridize readily, as seems to be the case with the eastern members of the genus. 5. Quercus pungens Liebm. Overs. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1854: 171. 1854. Quercus undulata wrightii Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 382. 1876, in part. Quercus undulata pungens Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 392. 1876. Type Locauty: ‘‘Texas & Nov. Mexico.—California.”’ Rance: Western Texas, New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; Mangas Springs; Silver City; Black Range; Big Hatchet Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains; mountains west of San Antonio; Carrizalillo Mountains; Organ Mountains; Queen; Socorro Mountain. Dry, rocky mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A scrubby bush, 2 to 3 meters high, with small, coriaceous, spiny-toothed leaves on rather slender branches. Doctor Rydberg may be right in his belief that it is most closely related to Q. undulata, but it seems to be allied with Q. toumeyi and Q. turbinella. It is possible that the specimens referred in this treatment to Q. turbinella more properly belong to this species. 6. Quercus turbinella Greene, W. Amer. Oaks 1: 37. 1889. Tyre LocaLity: Mountains of Lower California. Rance: Lower California to southwestern New Mexico and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Bear Mountain; Socorro; Magdalena Mountains; Cook Spring. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A shrub (or low tree ?) with small (1 to 3 em. long), oblong, elliptic, or oval leaves, bluish green above, fulvous beneath, sinuate-dentate wth spiny teeth. The acorn is elongated, acute, with a turbinate cup whose scales are only slightly thickened. It is possible, not to say probable, that further study in the field will show that true Q. turbinella, which was named from the Californian peninsula, does not come into New Mexico at all. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 169 7. Quercus emoryi Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 152. 1848. BLAcK OAK. Quercus hastata Liebm. Overs. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1854: 171. 1854. TyYPrE LocaLity: ‘‘Common on the elevated country between the Del Norte and the Gila,’’ New Mexico. The type specimen is from Pigeon Creek (Las Palomas), and was collected by Emory. Rance: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, extreme western Texas, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Kingston; Bear Mountains; Animas Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Fort Bayard. Upper Sonoran Zone, occasionally extending down into the Lower Sonoran. This is the common black oak of the southwestern part of the State and is easily recognizable. It deserves its name, since the bark is black and thick. The leaves are pale yellowish green, of about the same color on both surfaces, more or less yellow- ish brown pubescent on the main nerves, oblong, flat, not crispate, coarsely sinuate- dentate with spinulose teeth. The acorns are small and acute, with a shallow cup having pale yellowish brown scales not thickened on the back. They are produced early in the season and are much appreciated by the animals of the region. The species shows a tendency to hybridize. Quercus emoryi X pungens. A specimen from the Rio Frisco, near Alma, collected in 1906 by Vernon Bailey (no. 1058), has the acorn cup of Q. pungens, the acorn elongated and acute as in Q. emoryi, While the leaves are intermediate between those of the two species. 8. Quercus wilcoxii Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 227. 1901. TYPE LocaLity: Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Rance: Mountains of southern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains; Animas Peak; Bear Mountain; Bullards Peak. Upper Sonoran Zone. Mature plants of this species are medium-sized trees, though the young plants often are low and shrubby and form a moderately thick growth on the mountain sides. It is probable that some of the material here referred to Q. pungens is from young plants of Q. wilcoxti. The latter species reaches only the extreme southwestern border of the State. Mature leaves on fruiting trees are mostly elliptic and abruptly acute, very coriaceous, and with involute margins. Leaves on sterile shoots are crisped and have several coarse, triangular, strongly spiny teeth. All the leaves are distinctly yellow to tawny beneath when young, but the pubescence disappears, leaving them whitish or pale. The leaves are a yellowish or grayish green when growing. The species includes the material from southeastern Arizona and the adjacent country which has passed as Q. chrysolepis. It is readily recognized by the acorns, the Californian species having an acorn easily three times as large as that of Q. wilcozii, with a very much thickened cup. 9. Quercus confusa Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat, Herb. 16: 116. 1913. _ Type xocauity: On Ruidoso Creek, 5 miles east of Ruidoso Post Office, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 5, 1901. Rance: White Mountains of New Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A moderately large tree, 5 to 7 meters high, with oblong, sinuate-dentate leaves almost velvety beneath with yellowish stellate hairs; acorns 20 to 23 mm. long, barrel- shaped, obtuse, about 3 times as long as the cup. This species is most nearly related to Q. fendleri, from which it differs in being a tree, having still larger leaves (persistent?) of the same general type, and in having a larger acorn. It occurs at a lower level than is common for Q. fendleri, being at home in the Upper Sonoran instead of the Transition Zone, although the latter sometimes comes into the Upper Sonoran. 170 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 10. Quercus oblongifolia Torr. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Zufii & Colo. 173. 1853.. Type tocauity: ‘‘Western New Mexico.’’ Arizona was a part of New Mexico at this time and, as the expedition started from what is now extreme western New Mexico, this locality must have been in western Arizona. Rance: Western and southern Arizona, southeastern California, southwestern New Mexico, and adjacent Sonora. New Mexico: Dog Spring; Guadalupe Canyon. Mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This species has frequently been confused with Q. undulata, Q. grisea, and Q. ari- zonica. The characters used in the key will separate these species at once. This is not at all closely related to the first-named species, but very near the other two. When mature it is a low, spreading tree of the live-oak type with oblong leaves which are wholly glabrous, as are the young twigs. 11. Quercus grisea Liebm. Overs. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Forh. 1854: 171. 1854. Quercus undulata grisea Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 8: 393. 1877. Type Locauity: ‘‘Texas. Nov. Mexico pr. el Paso.’? The type is Wright’s 665 from western Texas. Rance: Western Texas, New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; Santa Clara Canyon; Magdalena Mountains; Bear Mountain; Florida Mountains; near Hermosa; Organ Mountains; Guadalupe Mountains; White Mountains; Llano Estacado; San Luis Mountains; Kingston; Burro Mountains. Drier, rocky foothills of the mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. New Mexico seems to be the region in which Q. grisea and Q. arizonica meet, the former coming in from Texas and the latter from Arizona. They are closely related species, possibly too closely for convenient separation, but there are slight differences in the general form of the trees, hard to describe but moderately easy to see, and the acorns are noticeably different. Generally speaking, Q. grisea is a low scrubby tree (young ones which do not yet bear forming much of the scrub oak of the lower slopes of the mountains in the southern part of the State), small groups of which growing in open canyons or on slopes fre- quently give the impression of an old apple orchard. Q. arizonica is usually a larger tree, though never with a very tall trunk. It is commonly much branched from near the base and wide spreading. Quercus grisea is variously confused by different authors with Q. undulata, a low shrub of the mountains of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado, and with Q. oblongifolia, a tree from farther west. Quercus grisea X emoryi. A large, round-topped tree with dark gray trunk and limbs, and slender young twigs with dense, yellowish, stellate pubescence; young leaves yellowish green, becoming gray-green and glabrous above; most of the leaves oblong, entire, some with a few coarse, spinulose teeth, their texture subcoriaceous, thinner than in either of the species; young fruit with the cup of Q. grisea. Collected on the Rio Frisco near Lone Pine, in 1904, by E. O. Wooton (no. 3115). This may prove to be a new species, rather than a hybrid. 12. Quercus arizonica Sarg. Gard. & For. 8: 92. 1895. ARIZONA OAK. Type Locairy: Southern Arizona. RanGE: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Clara Canyon; Mogollon Mountains; Bear Mountain; Black Range; Burro Mountains; Big Hatchet Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Lordsburg; Animas Mountains; Organ Mountains; Oscuro Mountains; Capitan Mountains; White Mountains. Lower parts of drier mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This and Q. grisea are the common live oak trees of the drier and lower mountains of the southern part of the State. They are commonly found among the rocks and WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 171 open canyons of the mountains, associated with junipers and pinyon. The leaves are exceedingly variable in form, from oblong-elliptic, flat, and entire to sinuate- dentate with the large teeth more or less spine-tipped and decidedly crisped. The texture is always subcoriaceous, and the living leaves are bluish green (never chlo- rophyll green) above and glabrate, not shining, duller and stellate-pubescent beneath, with prominent veins. The leaf approximates typical Q. pungens on the one side and Q. reticulata on the other. The leaves of Q. arizonica and Q. grisea are hardly distinguishable, although those of the latter are usually smaller and less sinuate- dentate. The acorns are noticeably different: In Q. arizonica the cup is shallow and covers only the lower fifth of the rather slender acute acorn, while the acorn of Q. grisea is barrel-shaped, shorter, and almost truncate, the cup covering fully one- third of the acorn, and the scales being much more noticeably corky-thickened. Quercus arizonica < grisea. At Van Pattens Camp in the Organ Mountains there is a single tree, growing with others of Q. grisea and Q. arizonica, which it is impossible to distinguish from the latter by vegetative characters, but the acorn of which is very peculiar. It is of the general barrel shape of Q. grisea and truncate, but is as long as the largest Q. arizonica, and the cup is deeper than in either of the species and twice as much thickened. It was impossible to find more than the one tree with this kind of fruit in the region, although the two species are common there. 13. Quercus reticulata Humb. & Bonpl. Pl. Aequin. 2: 40. 1809. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in montibus aridis Novae Hispaniae [Mexico], inter Guanajuato et Santa Rosa.” Rance: Mountains of extreme southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Florida Mountains; Animas Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Mogo- llon Mountains. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. This species is a large tree in Mexico, but in our range is a straggling bush only a few meters high. It is somewhat closely related to Q. arizonica, but typical leaves are considerably larger, obovate, merely repand-dentate with rather small teeth, and strongly reticulate. They are dull green above and paler beneath, and the veins below are covered with yellowish brown pubescence. 14. Quercus muhlenbergii Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 391. 1877. CHESTNUT OAK. Quercus prinus acuminata Michx. Hist. Chénes Amer. no. 5. pl. 8. 1801. Quercus acuminata Sarg. Gard. & For. 8: 93. 1895. Type Locatity: Pennsylvania. Rance: Vermont to Minnesota, Florida, and eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: East base of Capitan Mountains (Bailey 141). Upper Sonoran or lower part of the Transition Zone. Mr. Vernon Bailey says this plant is common on Coyote Creek near Guadalupita, but specimens collected there are not at hand. He also collected it in the Guadalupe Mountains of Texas near the New Mexico borderin 1901. These three stations extend the range of the species some hundreds of miles westward and add another type of oak to those of our State. The material corresponds very well with specimens from Kansas and Arkansas, but the leaves are somewhat smaller and relatively longer petioled than in plants from farther east. The acorns are about typical as to shape, but slightly smaller than those of the eastern tree. 15. Quercus media Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 116. 1913. Type Locauity: Glorieta, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 24, 1910. Rance*? Northeastern New Mexico. 172 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, New Mexico: Glorieta; Oak Canyon, Folsom. ‘Transition Zone. A low shrub, 1 to 3 meters high, with oblong to obovate, sinuate-dentate leaves; acorns small, 10 to 13 mm. long, acute. Assuming that Q. undulata is a species with bluish green, persistent leaves, this species resembles it in nearly all particulars except that its leaves are bright chloro- phyll green and probably deciduous. This would make it intermediate between the two groups of the region—the blue green leaved species, which it resembles in habit and shape of leaf, and the green-leaved species, which it resembles in color and tex- ture of leaves and time of shedding them. It might be a hybrid, but the plant was very common about Glorieta, forming numerous clumps of bushes a rod or so in diameter, and Mr. Howell’s plant from Folsom is almost a perfect match from a similar region farther east. 16. Quercus havardii Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 213. 1901. SHINNERY OAK. Tyre Locality: Sand hills on the Staked Plains, Texas. Type collected by Ha- vard (no. 51). Rance: Western Texas and eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Rosweil; sand hills 35 miles east of Carlsbad. Sand hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. This is a low shrub, rarely over 70 cm. high, forming a tolerably thick growth on the sand hills of southeastern New Mexico east of the Pecos Valley. The plantisgen- erally spoken of as ‘‘shinnery” or ‘‘shin-oak” and the sands it covers go by the name of ‘‘shinnery sands.’’ Its leaves are bright green and deciduous, glabrous above, somewhat paler and velutinous beneath, oblong in form, 6 cm. long or less, coarsely sinuate-lobed or dentate with a few teeth. The acorn is the largest borne by any species in New Mexico, the cup hemispheric, the upper scales slightly or not at all thickened, acuminate, the lower ones somewhat thickened; the acorn 20 mm. long and three-fourths as broad, obtuse. 17. Quercus venustula Greene, W. Amer. Oaks 2: 69. 1890. Type Locauiry: “‘Mountains of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico; plen- tiful near Trinidad, and also on higher mountains farther southward.’’ Rance: Southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Cross L Ranch; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; White Moun- tains. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. A low shrub, with deciduous leaves; these small (3 to 4 cm. long), oblong, with a few rounded coarse teeth or lobes, green above, paler and pubescent beneath. The acorns are small, rather numerous, and racemose, the cup hemispheric, 6 or 7 mm. in diameter, covering almost half the acute acorn. Rare in the mountains of the northern part of the State. 18. Quercus submollis Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 202. 1901. TYPE LOCALITY: Arizona. Rance: Mountains of eastern Arizona and western New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; south of Gallup; north of Datil; Ramah. A low tree or shrub with deciduous green leaves, which are elliptic-obovate in outline, with rounded, mostly two-toothed lobes and rather deep sinuses, the lower surfaces velvety-pubescent. The young twigs are reddish brown; the acorn cup is depressed-hemispheric, with scales scarcely thickened, and the acorn is barrel- shaped and obtuse. 19. Quercus utahensis (A. DC.) Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 202. 1901. Quercus stellata utahensis A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 16?: 22. 1864. Type Locauity: ‘‘Inter Salt Lake et Sierra Nevada.’’ Ranee: Mountains of Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. P35 New Mexico: Common in all the mountain ranges. Middle elevations in the Transition Zone. This is the common white oak throughout the State, perhaps dividing that distinc- tion in the southern part with Q. novomexicana. It is frequently a shrub growing in clumps and, in the mountains of the southern part of the State, equally often a solitary tree. It often has a trunk 30 to 40 cm. in diameter, with a large spheroidal top, reach- ing a height of 10 meters or more. The leaves are bright green above, paler and almost velvety beneath, deciduous in late autumn, turning yellow before falling. In outline they are broadly oblong-obovate, deeply lobed, the lobes rounded at the apex. The acorn is of medium size, 15 to 20 mm. long, obtuse, in a thickened, hemispheric cup. 20. Quercus vreelandii Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 204. 1901. TyYPeE Locaity: Mesa near La Veta, Colorado. Rance: Mountains of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama (Baker 280). In the Transition Zone. The specimens upon which the species is included are doubtfully referred here by Doctor Rydberg himself. 21. Quercus leptophylla Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 205. 1901. Type Locality: Tributaries of Turkey Creek, Colorado. Rance: Mountains of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Johnsons Mesa; Trinchera Pass; Folsom; Chama; White Mountains. Transition Zone. A rough, scraggy tree with dark bark, very crooked limbs, small top, large obovate dark green leaves, and a short acorn about half covered by the cup. It grows commonly in clusters on the sides of canyons in the mountains, or on the high mesas of the northern and eastern parts of the State. The acorns are rarely abundantly produced. 22. Quercus gunnisonii (Torr.) Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 206. pl. 26. f. 8. 1901. Quercus alba gunnisonii Torr. U. S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 21: 130. 1855. Quercus undulata gunnisonii Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 8: 382. 1876. TYPE Loca.ity: ‘‘Coochetopa Pass, Sierra San Juan,’’ Colorado. Rance: Mountains of southern Colorado and Utah and northern New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Cedar Hill; Dulce; Raton Mountains; Folsom; Pecos; East View; Luna Valley; Gallinas Mountains. Upper Sonoran Zone. One of the common shrubby oaks of the northern part of the State, resembling Q. gambelii, coming into our range from Colorado and Utah. The leaves are oblong in outline, sinuately lobed, green, deciduous, not velvety beneath. The acorn is obtuse, barrel-shaped, in a much thickened and rather deep cup. In general appear- ance it approaches most closely Q. utahensis, but is to be distinguished from that species by the absence of a velvety pubescence on the back of the mature leaves. 23. Quercus novomexicana (A. DC.) Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 208. 1901. Quercus douglasii novomexicana A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 162: 24. 1864. Quercus nitescens Rydb. Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 2: 207. 1901. TYPE LOCALITY: Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 809). RaNnGE: Mountains of New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Ramah; East View; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Organ Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Transition Zone. A shrub in the mountains of the northern part of the State, but frequently becoming a good-sized tree in the southern part. The mature leaves are about the largest among 174 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. the deciduous-leaved species, being frequently more than 10 cm. long and half as broad. They are of a rich dark green and glabrous on the upper surface and much paler beneath. In outline the leaves are broadly elliptic-obovate, deeply pinnate- lobed, the rounded, open sinuses reaching three-fourths the way to the midrib. The lobes are broadly oblong to triangular, rounded toward the acute or obtuse apex, and many of them bilobate. The acorns are large, with hemispheric cups having mod- crately thickened scales. A queer form which seems to be most nearly related to this species is shown in Standley’s 4755 from Winsors Ranch, where it is common on rich hillsides. The leaves are divided to within 2 or 3 mm. of the midrib, the segments reduced in num- ber and size; in a few cases the leaf is reduced to a long-oblanceolate form less than 1 cm. wide at the obtuse tip, without lobes of any kind. 24. Quercus gambelii Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. II. 1: 179. 1848. GamBEL oak. Quercus douglasii gambelii A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 167: 23. 1864, in part. Quercus undulata gambelit Engelm. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 3: 382. 1876. Typr LocaLity: Banks of the Rio Grande, New Mexico, west of Santa Fe. Type collected by Gambel. RancGE: Mountains of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. New Mexico: Chama; Tierra Amarilla; Canjilon; Santa Fe and Las Vegas moun- tains; Johnsons Mesa; Sandia Mountains; Zuni Mountains; East View. At middle elevations, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. The original description of this species applies to a shrubby, deciduous, green- leaved oak with an acute acorn, from the region of Santa Fe. Such an oak is to be found in that region, although it is by no means the common form. Most of the de- ciduous, green-leaved oaks of New Mexico and Colorado have obtuse or truncate - acorns, and are to be found listed here under other names. If one were to consider all the white oaks of the State as belonging to a single species, it should be called Q. gambelii; but there are numerous easily recognizable variants of that type and our judgment as to their proper recognition is expressed in this treatment. Order 20. URTICALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Fruit a samara or drupe, sometimes nutlike........- 34. ULMACEAE (p. 174). Fruit an achene. Flowers on the outside or inside of a recepia- cle; fruits forming syncarps; sepals ac- crescent, enveloping the achenes...... 35. MORACEAE (p. 175). Flowers not on a receptacle; fruits not forming syncarps; sepals neither thick and juicy nor enveloping the achenes. Style or stigma 1; ovule erect; filaments imflexed in thebud.2eosce-~es-eee3 36. URTICACEAE (p. 176). Styles or stigmas 2; ovule pendulous; fila- ments erect in bud.......---+----+- 37. CANNABINACEAE (p. 177). 34. ULMACEAE. Elm Family. 1. CELTIS L. Hacxperry. A small tree or large shrub; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, abruptly acuminate, reticulate, cordate and very unequal at the base; flowers greenish, axillary, the fertile solitary or in pairs, appearing with leaves; calyx 5 or 6-parted, persistent; stamens 5 or 6; ovary 1-celled, with a single ovule. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 175 1. Celtis reticulata Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 247. 1824. Tyr Locauity: ‘‘ Base of the Rocky Mountains,’’ Colorado or New Mexico. Rance: Colorado to Arizona and Texas and southward. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Santa Rita; Burro Mountains; Black Range; Florida Mountains; Guadalupe Canyon; Organ Mountains; Guadalupe Mountains; White Mountains. Dry hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The berries of this tree are edible and were often eaten by the Indians, 35. MORACEAE. Mulberry Family. 1. MORUS L. Mutperry. Ours a small scraggy tree with alternate ovate small (3 to 6 cm. long) serrate leaves, these usually 3 to 5-lobed, acute; flowers dicecious, small and inconspicuous, green; fruit technically a ‘“‘multiple fruit,’’ consisting of a cylindrical or oblong cluster of separate 1-seeded berries, the whole appearing to be a single fruit. Morus alba L. is extensively cultivated in New Mexico as a shade tree and for its fruit. The trees are of two kinds, staminate and pistillate, the former being much more desirable as shade trees, This species occasionally occurs as an escape. 1. Morus microphylla Buckl. Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862: 8. 1863. Morus vernonii Greene, Leaflets 2: 115. 1910. Morus vitifolia Greene, op. cit. 116. Morus goldmanii Greene, op. cit. 117. Morus betulifolia Greene, op. cit. 117. Morus canina Greene, op. cit. 118. Morus albida Greene, op. cit. 118. Morus crataegifolia Greene, op. cit. 119. Morus radulina Greene, op. cit. 119. Morus confinis Greene, op. cit. 119. TypPE Loca.ity: ‘‘ Western Texas.”’ “Rance: Texas to Arizona, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Burro Mountains; Black Range; Dog Spring; Little Florida Mountains; Dona Ana Mountains; Organ Mountains; Ruidoso; Queen. Dry hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. We are unable to distinguish from typical Morus microphylla the numerous plants to which Doctor Greene’s names were given. There is some slight variation in the outline of the leaves, but, as shown by the extraordinary variation in those of indi- viduals of Morus rubra, the species of this genus can not be separated by leaf form alone. This inconstancy is strongly realized when mature leaves and those from young sprouts of the same tree are compared. There seems to be no variation in pubescence. The type of Morus vernonii came from the Chisos Mountains of western Texas; that of M. vitifolia from the Dona Ana Mountains (Wooton & Standley in 1906); that of M. goldmanii from the Little Florida Mountains (Goldman in 1908); that of M. betuli- folia from the Organ Mountains (Standley in 1906); that of M. canina from Dog Spring (Mearns in 1892); that of M. albida from Berendo (misspelled Berend in Doctor Greene’s citation of the locality) Creek ( Metcalfe in 1904); that of M. crataegifolia from the Blue River, southeastern Arizona; that of M. radulina from Beaver Creek, Arizona; and that of M. confinis from Santa Rita Mountains, southern Arizona. The species is a stunted, irregular tree 5 meters high or less, with small, scabrous leaves. The red fruit is palatable when ripe, having a pleasant acid flavor. The trees occur chiefly in arroyos of the foothills and on the drier slopes of the mountains. ? 2 176 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 36. URTICACEAE. Nettle Family. Usually coarse, monoecious, dicecious, or polygamous herbs, often armed with stinging hairs; leaves simple, opposite or alternate; flowers inconspicuous, greenish, in axillary simple or compound cymes. KEY TO THE GENERA. Plants armed with stinging hairs; leaves opposite; inflores- cence mot imyolucrates.¢ses.ne ee 6 ace eae eee 1, Urntica (p. 176). Plants without stinging hairs; leaves opposite or alternate; inflorescence various. Flower clusters not involucrate; leaves opposite......... 2. BoEHMERIA (p. 176). Flower clusters surrounded by an involucre; leaves QL ETM ALCS sero pclae s,s ois nice ots meee, iets ea enero 3. Parteraria (p. 177). 1. URTICA L. NETrrte. Coarse annual or perennial herbs armed with stinging hairs; leaves opposite, toothed; flowers in axillary cymes, these often panicled; achenes flattened. Our species are inconspicuous plants found chiefly in moist, shaded places in the mountains. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Teeth of the leaves ovate, strongly directed forward; stems armed with rather few stinging hairs, otherwise glabrous; leaves Van CeOlates cca since hese nglieic ems te cise s Diels na ete Ieee ae eae 1. U. gracilis. Teeth of the leaves broadly triangular, salient, not strongly directed forward; stems armed with numerous stinging hairs, strigose; leaves COMMONLY OVBLC woe c= cic emia =o tere seats elere ates lttera 2. U. gracilenta. 1. Urtica gracilis Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 341. 1789. Type Locauity: ‘‘Native of Hudson’s Bay.’’ RanGE: British America to Arizona, Texas, and Louisiana. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Clayton; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; White Mountains. Damp woodsand canyons, in the Transition Zone. 2. Urtica gracilenta Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 8: 122. 1881. Type Locauiry: Mimbres Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by E, L. Greene. Rane@e: New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Organ Mountains; White Mountains. Damp thickets, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. BOEHMERIA Jacq. Fase NETILE. A coarse stout unarmed perennial herb, 30 to 80 cm. high, with opposite, petioled, pubescent, coarsely serrate, lanceolate leaves; flowers in axillary spikes; stems finely pubescent. 1. Boehmeria scabra (Porter) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 358. 1903. Bochmeria cylindrica scabra Porter, Bull. Torrey Club 16: 21. 1889. TypPE Locauity: “Crawford and Lancaster counties,’’ Pennsylvania. Ranee: New York to Michigan, Florida, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Roswell (Earle 265). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. a agi fe 8. PARIETARIA L. PEtuirory. Low annuals with alternate thin petioled entire leaves; inflorescence axillary, surrounded by an involucre of 2 to 6 more or less united bracts; achenes nearly terete. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Involucre 2 to 3 times as long as the flowers; stems simple or Spariiehy, bran@hed oy... -1coe ce seins wale jolla el 5 = 1. P. pennsylvanica. Involucre about equaling the flowers or very slightly surpassing them; stems much branched at the base, stouter......-.. 2. P. obtusa. 1. Parietaria pennsylvanica Muhl.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 955. 1806. TypPE LOCALITY: Pennsylvania. RanGE: British America to Florida and Mexico. New Mexico: North Percha Creek; Sierra Grande. Damp ground, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Parietaria obtusa Rydb. in Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 359. 1903. Type Locauity: Southern Utah. RanGeE: Colorado and Utah to Texas and Arizona. New Mexico: Gila Hot Springs; mountains west of San Antonio; Organ Mountains. Damp ground, chiefly in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 37. CANNABINACEAE. Hemp Family. 1. HUMULUS L. Hop. A climbing perennial herb; flowers dicecious, the staminate in loose axillary panicles, the pistillate in short axillary spikes; bracts foliaceous, imbricated; leaves palmately 3 to 5-lobed; fruiting calyx and other parts of the plant covered with yellow resinous dots. 1. Humulus lupulus neomexicanus Nels. & Cockerell, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- ington 16: 45. 1903. Type Locauity: Beulah, New Mexico. Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico. New Mexico: Mountains west of Grant; Chama; Santa Feand Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; White Mountains. Thickets, in the Transition Zone. Order 21. SANTALALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Leaves opposite; fruit a berry; tree parasites... ... 38. LORANTHACEAE (p. 177). Leaves alternate; fruita drupe or nut; root parasites.39. SANTALACEAE (p. 181). 38. LORANTHACEAE. Mistletoe Family. Evergreen plants parasitic on shrubs and trees, yellowish or brownish green; branches dichotomous, the joints swollen; leaves opposite, thick, entire, often reduced to con- nate scales; flowers small and inconspicuous, greenish, dicecious; sepals 2 to 5; stamens of the same number and inserted on the sepals; ovary inferior, 1-celled; fruit a berry with a viscid endocarp. KEY TO THE GENERA. Berry compressed, fleshy, opaque; anthers 1-celled; leaves all reduced to connate scales...........- 1. Razoumorskya (p. 177). Berry globose, pulpy, semitransparent; anthers 2-celled; leaves usually large and foliaceous..........-.-.. 2. PHORADENDRON (p. 179). 52576°—15—_12 178 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. RAZOUMOFSKYA Hoffm. Small stout branched plants, with little or no greenish tinge, brownish or yellowish, parasitic on the Pinaceae; branches 4-angled, glabrous; leaves scalelike; fruit a com- pressed berry containing a single seed, maturing the second year. In general appearance the plants resemble Phoradendron juniperinum, but they are usually much smaller. They are of little value for decorations because of their lack of foliaceous leaves, but the berries of some species are handsome. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Stems stout, 2 to5 mm. in diameter; plants large, 6 to 20 cm. high. On Pinus brachiy pera. « <2 Sxn2sed oct eek te ee lees ae ee 1. R. cryptopoda. Stems slender, 1 to 2 mm. in diameter; plants usually much smaller, 6 cm. high or less. Plants greenish brown; accessory branches of fruiting speci- mens mostly leaf-bearing. On Pinus edulis......-..-- 2. R. divaricata. Plants greenish yellow; accessory branches of fruiting speci- mens flower-bearing. Fruit nearly truncate at the apex, obovoid, not manifestly ptipttate. ~ On! Pinus flerilis. oe o<- ee ce enone 3. R. cyanocarpa. Fruit rounded or acutish at the apex, ellipsoid, evidently stipitate. Plants very slender, small, 3 cm. high or less. On Peendotsugas io. a. ee ee Oe ee ghee 4. R. douglasii. Plants stouter, larger, 4 to6 cm. high. On Picea en- GEUNDNTE 2222 ce tetnect ae ee ee op ee eee 5. R. microcarpa. 1. Razoumofskya cryptopoda (Engelm.) Coville, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 4: 192. 1893. Arceuthobium robustum Engelm. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 59. 1849, nomen nudum. Arceuthobium cryptopodum Engelm. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 6: 214. 1850. Razoumofskya robusta Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 587. 1891. Tyre Locatity: ‘‘Santa Fe, only on Pinus brachyptera.’’? Type, Fendler’s no. 283. Rance: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Common on the yellow pine (Pinus brachyptera), wherever this is found. 2. Razoumofskya divaricata (Engelm.) Coville, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 4: 192. 1893. Arceuthobium divaricatum Engelm. in Wheeler, Rep. U. 8. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 254. 1878. TypE Locauity: ‘‘On Nut-pines (P. edulis and monophylla) from southern Colorado through New Mexico to Arizona.” RanGE: Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Cedar Hill; Santa Fe; Mogollon Creek; Tele- graph Mountains; Fort Bayard; Burro Mountains. On Pinus edulis. 8. Razoumofskya cyanocarpa A. Nels.; Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 101. 1906. Arceuthobium cyanocarpum A, Nels. in Coulter, New Man. Rocky Mount. 146. 1909. Type Loca.ity: ‘‘Parasitic on Pinus flexilis, from Wyo. to Colo.” Ran@E: Wyoming to New Mexico. New Mexico: Hillsboro Peak; East Canyon. On Pinus flexilis. WOOTON AND. STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 179 4. Razoumofskya douglasii (Engelm.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 587. 1891. Arceuthobium douglasii Engelm. in Wheeler, Rep. U.S. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 253. 1878. TypEe Locauity: ‘‘On Pseudotsuga douglasii from New Mexico (on Santa Fe River, Rothrock, No. 69, 1874) to Utah, Parry, Siler, and Northern Arizona, Camp Apache, G. K. Gilbert (109), 1873.”’ Rance: Idaho to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe Canyon; Tunitcha Mountains. On Pseudotsuga mucronata. 5. Razoumofskya microcarpa (Engelm.) Woot. & Standl. Arceuthobium douglasii microcarpum Engelm. in Wheeler, Rep. U. S. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 253. 1878. Type LocaLity: ‘‘Parasitic on Picea Engelmanni, found by Mr. Gilbert in 1873 (100 and 102) in the Sierra Blanca, Arizona.”’ Rance: Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila ( Metcalfe 493). On Picea. The specific name is misleading, for the fruit seems to be no smaller than in related species. 2. PHORADENDRON Nutt. Mistietor. Plants parasitic on the branches of trees and shrubs; stems brittle, woody, jointed, much branched; leaves entire, thick and firm (or reduced to scales), persistent; flowers small and inconspicuous, moneecious, in jointed axillary spikes; calyx usually 3-parted; fruit a semitransparent berry crowned with the persistent sepals, The various species of Phoradendron found in New Mexico are among our com- monest and most conspicuous plants, being found upon one or more kinds of trees in almost every locality. They are true parasites, growing from seeds deposited, usually by birds, on the branches of trees. The mistletoe does great injury to trees, espe- cially the valley cottonwood, where planted for shade. Some species have been observed on cultivated fruit trees. The plants whén covered in the winter with their handsome white berries are extensively used as Christmas greens. In some parts of the State large quantities of mistletoe are gathered and sold each year, the larger amount being shipped east. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves reduced to scalelike ovate bracts 2 mm. long or less, (On SSN ee Ee AER een en aes oaeeeee 1. P. juniperinum, Leaves foliaceous, 6 to 60 mm, long. Leaves elliptic, 6 to 12 mm. long, 4 mm. wide or less; spikes of the inflorescence very short, few-flowered. (On T/CICET (5 “STS aI RN ec EE ee peer oe 2. P. bolleanum. Leaves broader and larger, more than 12 mm. long, 10 mm. wide or more; spikes long and many-flowered. Leaves abruptly contracted into a short stout petiole, usually orbicular or orbicular-oblong, densely pubescent. (On oaks and otherhard-wood trees.) 3. P. orbiculatum. Leaves attenuate to the longer petiole, obovate or oblan- ceolate, not densely pubescent, usually glabrous. Leaf blades conspicuously yellowish green, oblong orobovate. (Usually on Populus wislizent.). 4. P. macrophyllum. Leaf blades only slightly yellowish, oblanceolate.. 5. P. flavescens. 180 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Phoradendron juniperinum Engelm. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 58. 1849. JUNIPER MISTLETOE. TypE Locatity: ‘‘Parasitic on the two kinds of shrub cedar (Juniperus) which grow on the hills and elevated plains about Santa Fe, and on no other tree.’? Type collected by Fendler (no. 281). RANGE: Oregon and California to Colorado and Texas, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: Coolidge; Santa Fe; Canjilon; Magdalena; Mogollon Mountains; Burro Mountains; Fort Bayard; White Mountains; Queen; Albuquerque; mountains west of San Antonio; Cedar Hill; Tunitcha Mountains; Carrizo Mountains; Tierra Amarilla, On species of Juniperus. The berries are handsome, but the plant is not suitable for decorative purposes because of the lack of leaves. 2. Phoradendron bolleanum (Seem.) Eich]. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 5?: 134. 1868. Viscum bolleanum Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald 295. pl. 63. 1856. Phoradendron pauciflorum Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 134. 1856. Type Locatity: ‘Sierra Madre,’’ Mexico. RANGE: California to southern New Mexico, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizalillo Mountains; San Luis Mountains; near Dog Spring. On species of Juniperus. 8. Phoradendron orbiculatum Engelm. Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 59. 1849. Phoradendron flavescens orbiculatum Engelm. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 6: 212. 1850. Type Locauity: ‘‘On different species of Quercus; on Q. nigra, sterile hills of Arkansas (Engelm.); on several oaks, San Felipe, Texas (Lindheimer).”’ RanGE: New Jersey to Missouri, Texas, and Arizona, New Mexico: Fort Bayard; Berendo Creek; Dona Ana and Organ mountains; San Luis Mountains; Dog Spring; Magdalena; Guadalupe Mountains. Usually on oaks, This species, so far as we have seen it, is found upon nothing but oaks, It differs from the following species chiefly in the different form of its leaves, brighter green color, smaller size, and more abundant pubescence. It occurs, as do its hosts, only in the mountains and foothills, never coming down into the valleys. Two of our specimens, one from the Organ Mountains and one from Berendo Creek, have nar- rower, lanceolate or elliptic, acutish leaves. Possibly they represent a different species. 4. Phoradendron macrophyllum (Engelm.) Cockerell, Amer. Nat. 34: 293. 1900. Phoradendron flavescens macrophyllum Engelm. in Wheeler, Rep. U. S. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 252. 1878. Type Locauity: ‘They grow on soft woods (Ash, Willow, Poplar, Sycamore, and Sapindus) on the Gila and Benita Rivers, and extend into Southern California,’’ Rance: Western Texas to Arizona and California. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Silver City; Rincon; Mesilla Valley. On various trees and shrubs. The species is very abundant in the southern and southwestern parts of the State, especially in the Rio Grande Valley, growing chiefly on the valley cottonwood (Popu- lus wislizeni), although it has been found on the tornillo and on cultivated plums. So heavily loaded are the cottonwood trees at times that they appear to have as dense foliage in winter asin summer, Of course the trees soon succumb to such exhaustive attacks by the pest. The Spanish name is ‘“‘muérdago.”’ This is the species preferred for commercial purposes. It is superior to P. orbicu- latum because of its larger size, more abundant, larger berries, and generally hand- somer appearance, OL ee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 181 6. Phoradendron flavescens (Pursh) Nutt.; A. Gray, Man. ed. 2, 383. 1856. Viscum flavescens Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 114, 1814. Type Locauity: Not stated. Rance: New Jersey to Missouri, south to Florida and New Mexico. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley, on cultivated ash trees (Standley 6377). 39. SANTALACEAE, Sandalwood Family. 1. COMANDRA Nutt. BasTarp TOADFLAX. A low glaucous herbaceous perennial; leaves alternate, sessile, lanceolate to linear, entire; flowers greenish white, in terminal and axillary clusters; perianth campanu- late, the limb 3 to 5-lobed, persistent; fruit spherical, 1-seeded. 1. Comandra pallida A. DC. in DC. Prodr. 14: 636. 1857. Comandra pallida angustifolia Torr. U. S. & Mex. Bound, Bot. 185. 1859. TyrE Loca.ity: ‘Prope Clearwater,’ Idaho. Rance: British America to California and Texas, New Mexico: Barranca; Magdalena Mountains; Burro Mountains; Kingston; Mesilla Valley; Organ Mountains; San Augustine Plains; Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Raton; Nara Visa. Parasitic on the roots of various plants, Lower Sonoran to the Transition Zone. Order 22. ARISTOLOCHIALES. 40. ARISTOLOCHIACEAE. Birthwort Family. 1. ARISTOLOCHIA L. A prostrate perennial with slender tomentulose stems; leaves alternate, narrowly hastate, long-attenuate, with mostly divergent auricles; flowers solitary, axillary, small; calyx tube broadly arcuate; stamens 5, the sessile anthers adnate to the short 5-lobed style; pod 5-celled. Some species of the genus have large and showy flowers and are cultivated as deco- rative plants. Our species is a small and inconspicuous herb of the southwestern deserts. 1. Aristolochia watsoni Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 117. 1913. Aristolochia brevipes acuminata 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 148. 1883, not A. acuminata Lam. 1783. Tyrer Locauiry: Mexico or Arizona. Rana@e: Southwestern New Mexico and southern Arizona to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Guadalupe Canyon (Mearns 697). Dry hills. Order 23. POLYGONALES. 41. POLYGONACEAE. Buckwheat Family. Herbaceous or suffruticose annuals or perennials with alternate, or sometimes opposite or verticillate leaves, the stipules forming a sheath or wanting; inflorescence cymose, capitate, racemose, spicate, or panicled; flowers small, mostly perfect; perianth of 2 to 6 segments, the inner ones sometimes petaloid; stamens 2 to 9; pistil solitary; fruit a lenticular or angled achene. 182 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, KEY TO THE GENERA. Flowers subtended by an involucre; stamens 9; sheaths Vs 1OUNE 1) lear aaaele eo GRY teas © eh bn RMU et gh Rees 1. Erroaonvum (p. 182). Flowers not involucrate; stamens 4 to 8; sheaths present. Stigmas tufted. Sepals 4; stigmas 2; achenes lenticular, winged; leaves orbicular-reniform................. 2. Oxyria (p. 190). Sepals 6; stigmas 3; achenes 3-angled, not winged; leaves not orbicular-reniform, elongated or Nastaters fools Lt ee Pe 3. Rumex (p. 191). Stigmas capitate. Leaf blades jointed at the base; filaments, at least the inner, dilated. Herbs; flowers fascicled; sepals not winged... 5. Poty@onum (p. 193). Shrub; flowers solitary; inner sepals winged.. 4. GoNopyrum (p. 193). Leaf blades not jointed at the base; sheaths not 2-lobed; filaments slender. Sheaths eylindric, truncate............00.. 6. PErstcaria (p. 195). Sheaths oblique, more or less open on the side facing the leaf. Sepals, at least the outer ones, keeled or winged; stems twining............ 8. BILDERDYKIA (p. 197). Sepals neither keeled nor winged; stems erect. Perennials with fleshy rootstocks, mostly basal leaves, and simple steras:. 234. an seee. 2 7. Bistorta (p. 197). Annual with fibrous roots, cauline leaves, and branched stems.. 9. Facopyrum (p. 197). | 1. ERIOGONUM Michx. Low annuals or perennials, herbaceous, or somewhat woody at the base; leaves entire, basal or scattered along the stem; inflorescence various; flowers involucrate; involucre 4 to 8-toothed or lobed, mostly many-flowered; calyx with 6 divisions (valves), colored, corolla-like; stamens 9; achenes triangular, sometimes winged. The genus is one of the largest in our State. Representatives are found almost everywhere, especially at lower elevations. Strangely enough, although among our commonest plants, no common name seems to have been given them, probably because the plants are usually small and inconspicuous. Some species, however, are rather handsome, KEY TO THE SPECIES. Fruit winged, at least above; large coarse perennials. Wings extending the entire length of the fruit; perianth glabrous. Tnwolueresiginivose: . 2% 22 ,5.8824 55s Shae eee 1. E. alatum. TAVOMMETCS CIA DIONS 5. 2. W505 72030 cup ae ieee Re eE Bene 2. E. triste. Fruit winged only above the middle; perianth pubescent. Leaves loosely and coarsely tomentose beneath, com- monly acutish; involucres 3 to5 mm, long........ 3. HE. hieracifolium. Leaves very densely and finely tomentose beneath, rounded-obtuse; involucres 2 to 3 mm. long...... 4. E. pannosum. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 183 Fruit merely angled, never winged; perennials or annuals. Annuals. Involucres pubescent. Basal leaves linear or linear-oblanceolate; involucres on glabrous peduncles 15 to 50 mm. long..... 5. E. pharnaceoides. Basal leaves broadly oblong, ovate, or orbicular; peduncles less than 15 mm. long, more or less pubescent. Valves cordate at the base, orbicular or nearly so; plants not densely white-tomentose. Perianth yellow, tinged with red; stems 10 to 20 cm. high, much branched at the base; lobes of the involucre triangu- lar to lanceolate, acute.......-...... 6. EH. abertianum. Perianth white, tinged with pink; stems tall, 30 to 50cm., sparingly branched, usually simple at the base; lobes of the involucre oblong or spatulate, mostly. obtuse.t 5.22. ssseaceens Selaise 7. E. pinetorum. Valves tapering to the base, spatulate or obovate; plants densely white-tomentose. Stems simple below, ending in a flat- topped cyme; perianths3mm.long.. 8 EL. annuum. Stems much branched throughout, the inflorescence of many slender secund racemes; perianth 1.5 mm. long or less. Plants erect, 30 to 50 cm. high; flowers bright roserpimdes). iS ee 9. E. polycladon. Plants widely and densely diffuse, about 10 cm. high; flowers paler andismallens.: 222 .ccank sates obs 10. EH. densum. Involucres glabrous. Bracts of the inflorescence leaflike. Stems and leaves glabrous; leaves tapering to the flat margined petioles; peduncles pul lpia: 3 3 hs 219 See scrawa stag senna cpt ater =) a7 lL. E. salsuginosum. Stems and leaves more or less pubescent; leaves abruptly contracted into the terete petioles; peduncles stout................ 12. E. divaricatum. Bracts of the inflorescence scalelike. Peduncles abruptly reflexed in age; leaves extending up the stems 5 tv 10 cm.; flowers whites 4.424 <2 caveNesasees: << 13. EF. cernuum. Peduncles erect or ascending, never reflexed; leaves basal; flowers white or colored. Perianth yellow; pedicels filiform. ee ee Leaves not tomentose..............-- 14. E. trichopodum. Leaves tomentose beneath............ 15. E. wetherillw. Perianth white or pimk; pedicels filiform or stout. Pedicels filiform; plants tall, erect, 20 1o'50 emi, eho Seda ses. = + 16. EL. subreniforme. Pedicels stout; plants low, spreading, less than 15 cm. high............ 17. E. rotundifolium. 184 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Perennials. Perianth narrowed into a long stipelike base, pubescent. Perianth whitish; styles hairy at least to the middle....18. E. jamesii. Perianth bright yellow; styles hairy only at the base....19. HE. bakeri. Perianth not narrowed into a stipelike base, pubescent or glabrous. Ovaries and fruit pubescent. Stems leafy; perianth 6 mm. long..._..............- 20. E. longifolium. Stems not leafy, scapelike; perianth 3 mm. long or less. Inflorescence an open cyme 10 to 15 cm. high; involucrés 2mm: high -s::2: 02 eee 21. E. leucophyllum. Inflorescence a congested cyme less than 3 cm. high; involucres 3 to 5 mm. high..............- 22. E. lachnogynum. Ovaries and fruit glabrous or nearly so. Involucres in a headlike cluster..................022- 23. E. ovalifolium. Involucres in open cymes. Cymes one-sided and spikelike. Leaves basal, abruptly narrowed at the base or subcordate; perianth 5 mm. long............ 24. EH. racemosum. Leaves scattered along the woody branches, tapering at the base; perianth 3 mm. long....25. EF. wrightii. Cymes dichotomous or trichotomous. Perianth deep dark red; stems and involucres glabrous; plants tall and stout..............- 26. E. atrorubens. Perianth white, pink, or yellow, never dark red; stems and involucres glabrous or pubescent; plants various. 5; Perianth densely sericeous. Leaves elliptic, acute, tomentose............27. E. havardii. Leaves orbicular, obtuse, not tomentose. .... 28. E. inflatum. Perianth glabrous. Perianth bright yellow; leaves glabrous (all basal, orbicular or broadly ovate)........ 29. E. gypsophilum. Perianth white or pink; leaves tomentose, at least beneath. Leaves all basal, orbicular or obovate, the stems densely cespitose; leaves per- manently and densely white-tomentose on. the upper surfaces so )>. ses 30. E. tenellum. At least the lower part of the stem leafy; stems usually not densely cespitose; leaves glabrate on the upper surface. Flowering branches leafy for only a few centimeters at the base, the pedun- cles relatively long. Stems and involucres tomentulose throughout; lobes of the involucre acute; leaves narrowly oblong, fiatani. tt Saas Uriel ia 31. EZ. ainsliet. Branches of the inflorescence and in- volucres glabrous; lobes of the involucre broadly obtuse; leaves various. ; WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 185 Involucres in the forks of the in- florescence sessile. (Leaves BV OU Ve Sens ot iaia cis, ots aerogenes 32. E. nudicaule. Involucres in the forks of the branches distinctly peduncled, at least the lower ones. Leaves linear, revolute...........- 33. E. tristichum. Leaves linear-oblong, flat.........34. EF. lonchophyl- lum. Flowering branches leafy up to the in- florescence, the peduncles relatively short. Leaf blades broad, 1 cm. wide or more, oblong to oval, obtuse. Involucres 4 to 5 mm. long......... 35. E. fendlerianum. Involucres 2 to 2.5 mm. long. Branches of the inflorescence strongly divaricate............36. HE. divergens. Branches of the inflorescence as- CELTS ER LY eta Ar 37. E. corymbosum. Leaf blades narrow, 5 mm. wide or less, linear or spatulate, acute. Leaf blades oblanceolate, flat; in- florescence densely branched, 20 cm. high or less, tomentu- 1 OSs it eee SSO ee Me ee 38. HE. effusum. Leaf blades linear, revolute; inflores- cence sparingly branched, 5 cm. high or less, glabrous or tomen- tulose. Inflorescence glabrous; leaves 16 to so nM, longo eicses. S55 39. E. leptophyllum. Inflorescence tomentulose; leaves 15 mm. long or less...........40. EH. simpsonii. 1. Eriogonum alatum Torr. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Zui & Colo. 168. pl. 8. 1854. Type Locauity: On the Zuni River, New Mexico. Rance: Nebraska and Wyoming to Texas and Arizona. New Mexico: Common from the Black Range to the White Mountains and north- ward to the Colorado line. Dry slopes, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. Eriogonum triste 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 10: 347. 1875. TYPE LocaLity: Kane County, southern Utah. Rance: Utah and Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Farmington (Standley 7123); Upper Canadian (Bigelow). Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Eriogonum hieracifolium Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14:6. 1853. Type LocaLity: Western Texas. Rance: Southern New Mexico and western Texas. New Mexico: Mountains southeast of Patterson; Horse Spring; Gila Hot Springs; White Mountains; Fort Stanton; Queen. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Eriogonum pannosum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 118. 1913. TYPE LocaLity: Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by G. R. Vasey, August, 1881. 186 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, Rance: Organ Mountains of New Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains. Dry hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Eriogonum pharnaceoides Torr. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Zui & Colo. 167. pl. 11. 1854. TYPE LocaLiry: Arizona. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Fort Tularosa; Fort Bayard; Mogollon Mountains, Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. Eriogonum abertianum Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 151. 1848. Eriogonum cyclosepalum Greene, Muhlenbergia 6: 1, 19160. TyPeE Locauity: ‘‘On the upper waters of the Arkansas.’’ Rance: New Mexico and western Texas to Arizona and Chihuahua. New Mexico: Hillsboro; Big Hatchet Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Lake Arthur; Dona Ana Mountains; San Marcial; Lake Valley; Socorro; mesa west of the Organ Mountains. Dry sandy mesas and hillsides, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. Apparently the plant has not been collected recently anywhere near the type locality. It is altogether possible that there is an error in the citation of the locality of Abert’s specimen. ‘Torrey further says that the species is ‘‘Very common in the region between the Del Norte and the Gila.’’ The plant is one of the first to bloom in the spring in southern New Mexico. The type locality of E. cyclosepalum is New Mexican, 7. Eriogonum pinetorum Greene, Muhlenbergia 6: 3. 1909. Eriogonum abertianum neomexicanum Gandog. Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 42: 185. 1906. Type LocaLity: Black Range, Sierra County, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 1327). RANGE: Western Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Mogollon Mountains; Fort Bayard; Kingston; Lordsburg; Dog Spring; Mesilla Valley; Organ Mountains. Dry mesas and hillsides, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. The type of E. abertianum neomexicanum is Wooton’s no, 427 from the Organ Moun- tains. 8. Eriogonum annuum Nutt. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 5: 164. 1837. TypE Locauity: ‘‘On the banks of the Great Salt River of Arkansas, and near the confluence of the Kiawesha and Red Rivers.’’ Ranee: Montana and South Dakota to Texas and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Inscription Rock; Clayton; Buchanan; Fort Cummings; Mesilla Valley; plains west of Roswell; Causey; Nara Visa. Dry plains and hillsides, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 9. Eriogonum polycladon Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14: 16. 1856. Eriogonum polycladon crispum Gandog. Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 42: 196. 1906. Type Locatiry: Western Texas. Rance: Arizona and western Texas. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Fort Tularosa; Mangas Springs; Fort Bayard; Gila Hot Springs; Organ Mountains; Dog Spring. Dry hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The type of EL. polycladon crispum is Wooton’s 460 from the Organ Mountains. 10. Eriogonum densum Greene, Pittonia 3: 17. 1896. Type Locauity: Mountains of New Mexico, near Santa Rita del Cobre. Type collected by Greene, September 21, 1880. Rance: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Near Santa Rita; Bear Mountain. In the Upper Sonoran Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 187 11. Eriogonum salsuginosum (Nutt.) Hook. Journ. Bot. Kew Misc. 5: 264. 1853. Stenogonum salsuginosum Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. II. 1: 170. 1848. Type Locauity: ‘Bare saline hills of the Colorado of the West, in the Rocky Moun- tains.’’ Rance: Wyoming to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec; Carrizo Mountains; Farmington. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 12. Eriogonum divaricatum Hook. Journ. Bot. Kew Misc. 5: 265. 1853. TypE Loca.ity: ‘‘On saline clayey soils, within the high calcareous hills of the Upper Colorado.”’ Rance: Wyoming to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; near Zuni. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 13. Eriogonum cernuum Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. IT. 1: 162. 1848. TypE Locatity: ‘‘On the plains of the Oregon and in the Rocky Mountains.”’ Rance: Montana and Idaho to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec; Farmington; Salt Lake Crater; Tierra Blanca; Zuni; Pajarito Park; Tunitcha Mountains; Carrizo Mountains; Dulce; Stinking Lake. Dry slopes, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 14. Eriogonum trichopoedum Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 151. 1848. Tyrer Locauity: ‘‘Eastern slope of the Cordilleras of California.’’ Rance: Southern California to western Texas, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Mesa west of the Organ Mountains; Mesilla Valley. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. The species was published originally under the name of trichopes, but this was later corrected to the name used here. This is one of the commonest plants in the lower Rio Grande Valley and on the bordering mesas. The rosette of basal leaves frequently drys up and breaks away while the plant is still in flower. 15. Eriogonum wetherillii Eastw. Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 6: 319. 1896. Tyre tocatity: At the base of sandstone cliffs along the San Juan River, Utah. Rance: Southern Utah to northeastern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Near the Carrizo Mountains (Standley 7474). Dry, rocky hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 16. Eriogonum subreniforme §. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 260. 1877. Type Locauity: ‘Arizona, 8S. Utah.’’ Rance: Arizona and Utah to western New Mexico. New Mexico: Zuni (Wooton). Upper Sonoran Zone. 17. Eriogonum rotundifolium Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14: 21. 1856. Tyre Locauiry: Western Texas. Rane@eE: Western Texas and southern New Mexico to Chihuahua, New Mexico: Albuquerque; Dog Spring; Mesilla Valley; mesa west of Organ Mountains; plains south of the White Sands; Lake Valley; east of Hachita. Dry mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone, 18. Eriogonum jamesii Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14: 7. 1856. Eriogonum jamesit neomexicanum Gandog. Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 42: 190. 1906. Type Locauity: “‘In montibus Scopulosis ad fontes fl. Platte.’’ Rance: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Common throughout the State in the mountains and on high plains. Open slopes, chiefly in the Transition Zone. The type of EL. jamesii neomexicanum is Wooton’s 385 from the White Mountains. 188 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 19. Eriogonum bakeri Greene, Pl. Baker. 3: 15. 1901. Eriogonum jamesii flavescens S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 255. 1877. Eriogonum vegetius A. Nels. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 239. 1904. Type Locatity: Black Canyon, Colorado, Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico. New Mexico: White and Sacramento mountains. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. Our New Mexican specimens are rather larger and more robust than the typical form and their flowers seem to be of a brighter yellow, Within our limits the species is known only from the White and Sacramento mountains, which are far removed from the usual range in Colorado and northern Arizona, 20. Eriogonum longifolium Nutt. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. n. ser. 5: 164. 1837. Eriogonum texanum Scheele, Linnaea 22: 150. 1849. TypE Locatity: ‘‘On the ledges of the Cadron rocks, and in denudated prairies from Arkansas to Red River.”’ RANGE: Southern Missouri to Texas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Leachs (Wooton). Dry plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 21. Eriogonum leucophyllum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 118. 1913. Type Locatiry: Lakewood, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 6, 1909. RANGE: Known only from type locality. 22. Eriogonum lachnogynum Torr. in DC. Prodr. 14: 8. 1856. Type Locality: New Mexico. RANGE: Utah and Arizona to New Mexico and Kansas, New Mexico: Banks of the Cimarron; Llano Estacado; Buchanan; Perico. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The type was collected by Fendler (no. 765) in 1847, either about Santa Fe or farther east. 23. Eriogonum ovalifolium Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 50. 1834. TypE Locatity: ‘‘Sources of the Missouri.’ Rance: Washington and Montana to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Aztec; Farmington. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 24. Eriogonum racemosum Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. II. 1: 161. 1848. Eriogonum orthocladon Torr. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Zuiii & Colo. 167. pl. 9. 1854. TyPE Loca.ity: ‘‘Colorado of the West.” RANGE: Colorado and Utah to Arizona and Texas, New Mexico: Chama; north of Ramah; Inscription Rock; Santa Fe; Sandia Mountains; Glorieta; Carrizo Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains. Open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones, The type of EZ orthocladon was collected in the Zuni Mountains, 25. Eriogonum wrightii Torr. in DC. Prodr. 14: 15. 1856. Type Loca.ity: Western.Texas. Rance: Arizona, New Mexico, and western Texas, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: On the San Juan; Mangas Springs; Kingston; Animas Valley; White Mountains; Organ Mountains; Sandia Mountains. Dry hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 26. Eriogonum atrorubens Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. North. Mex. 108. 1848. Type LOcALItTy: Cosihuiriachi, Chihuahua. RanGE: Chihuahua and southeastern New Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains ( Mearns 568, 2123, 2463). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 189 27. Eriogonum havardii 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 194. 1883. TypPE LocaLity: Chenate Mountains, western Texas, Rance: Southern New Mexico and western Texas. New Mexico: Plains 35 miles south of Torrance; west of Roswell; Queen; near Elk. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 28. Eriogonum inflatum Torr. in Frém. Rep. Exped. Rocky Mount. 317. 1845. Type Loca.ity: ‘‘On barren hills in the lower part of North California.”’ RANGE: Colorado and northwestern New Mexico to southern California. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains (Standley 7346, 7486). Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The branches are commonly swollen and inflated at the nodes, but not invariably so, 29. Eriogonum gypsophilum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 118. pl. 49. 1913. Tyre Locatity: On a hill southwest of Lakewood, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 6, 1909. Rance: Known only from type locality. The plants grow in nearly pure gypsum. 380. Eriogonum tenellum Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 241. 1827. TyrE Loca.ity: ‘Near the Rocky Mountains,’’ Colorado or New Mexico. RanGE: Colorado and Utah to western Texas, New Mexico: Clayton; Buchanan; 10 miles west of Roswell; Knowles. Dry plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone, 31. Eriogonum ainsliei Standley, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 117. 1913. TyPE LOCALITY: Cimarron, New Mexico. Type collected by C. N. Ainslie, Sep- tember 10, 1909. Rance: Northeastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Cimarron; Raton Mountains; Colfax. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone, 32. Eriogonum nudicaule (Torr.) Small, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 54. 1906. Eriogonum effusum nudicaule Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 132. 1856. TYPE LOCALITY: Pine and cedar woods, near Galisteo, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Bigelow. Ranae: Northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Near Galisteo; Placitas. 33. Eriogonum tristichum Small, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 55. 1906. TYPE LOCALITY: Rosa, New Mexico. Rance: Northern New Mexico and southern Colorado, New Mexico: Rosa; Cedar Hill; Dulce; Chupadero. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. In the original publication of the species the State is given incorrectly as Colorado. 34. Eriogonum lonchophyllum Torr. & Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 8: 173. 1870. ‘Type Locatity: On the Rio Blanco, New Mexico. Type collected by Newberry. RanGeE: Northern New Mexico and southern Colorado, New Mexico: Rio Blanco; near Tierra Amarilla, Rydberg in the Flora of Colorado ! describes the plant, in the key, as having the involucres in the forks of the branches sessile; in our specimen of the type collection they are conspicuously peduncled. To this plant the native people give the name of “‘cola de ratén.”’ 1 Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 103. 1906. 190 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 35. Eriogonum fendlerianum (Benth.) Small, Bull. Torrey Club 38: 55. 1906. Eriogonum microthecum fendlerianum Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14: 18. 1856. Tyre LocaLity: New Mexico. The type is Fendler’s 767, collected probably somewhere about Santa Fe. 36. Eriogonum divergens Small, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 55. 1906. Eriogonum corymbosum divaricatum Torr. & Gray, U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 21: 129. 1855, not E£. divaricatum Hook. 1853. Tyre Locatity: ‘‘ Near springs on Green River.’’ Rance: Colorado and Utah to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Mesa La Vaca; Bad Lands, Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 37. Eriogonum corymbosum Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14: 17. 1856. Type Locauity: ‘Prope Grand-River,”’ Colorado. Rance: Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: On the San Juan River; Cerrillos; Logan; Farmington. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 38. Eriogonum effusum Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. II. 1: 164. 1848. - TypE tocauty: Rocky Mountains. Rance: Montana and Nebraska to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Near Belen; Farmington. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 39. Eriogonum leptophyllum (Torr.) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. LGsALs LOTS: Eriogonum effusum leptophyllum Torr. in Sitgreaves, Rep. Zuii & Colo. =e: 1854. TypE Locauiry: Rio Zuni, New Mexico. Rance: Northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Grants; Tunitcha Mountains; Carrizo Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 40. Eriogonum simpsonii Benth. in DC. Prodr. 14: 18. 1856. Type Locauiry: ‘‘In Sierra de Tunecha (Novi-Mexici).”’ RanGE: Colorado to northern New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Gallup; Fort Wingate; Atarque de Garcia; east of Ramah; near McIntosh; Pajarito Park; Carrizo Mountains. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The ‘‘Sierra de Tunecha” is doubtless the Tunitcha Mountains. 2. OXYRIA Hill. Mountain sorreu. A low alpine perennial with round-reniform, long-petioled, chiefly basal leaves; flowers small, greenish, in panicled racemes on a slender scape; sepals 4, unchanged in fruit, usually reddish; stamens 6; achene thin, lenticular, surrounded by a broad veined wing. 1. Oxyria digyna (L.) Hill, Hort. Kew. 158. 1768. Rumex digynus L. Sp. Pl. 337. 1753. Tyre Locauity: ‘In Alpibus Lapponicis, Helveticis, Wallicis.”’ Rance: Alaska and Greenland, south to New England, New Mexico, and Cali- fornia; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Brazos Canyon; Upper Pecos River; Wheeler Peak. Wet meadows, Canadian to Arctic-Alpine Zone. ee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 191 38. RUMEX L. Dock. Coarse perennial herbs with leafy stems (usually most of the leaves basal); stipules united to form more or less hyaline sheaths (ocrez) ; flowers numerous, small, greenish, perfect, polygamous, or dicecious, in simple or compound racemes or paniculate; inner sepals (valves) becoming enlarged in fruit, persistent. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Plants low, 10 to 30 cm. high, slender, diccious; leaves ARIE AE) ake apni « Sa ete ne sala Cpa Halen e pt LS eels 1. R. acetosella. Plants taller, 30 to 60 cm. high, stout, polygamous or mone- cious; leaves never hastate. Inner sepals (valves) much enlarged in fruit, 10 to 15 mm. long and broad, mostly reddish. ............------ 2. R. hymenosepalus. “Valves of medium size, less than 10 mm. long, greenish or brown. 3 Valves without callosities on the back. Leaves large, 50 cm. long or less, ovate or oblong- ON Abn CORGALC = foe i. <2) stad apernjere Reena ee Ee gs Pare eam CYAN OES US bee Me aac 2. C. aureum. Bracts rather broadly oblanceolate, 12 to 25 mm. long; a pair of pinnee present almost at the base of the DeMOle. Soe. BE Aen Se tee tis PI, Sts 3. C. euchlamydeum. 1. Capnoides montanum (Engelm.) Britton, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 166. 1894. Corydalis montana Engelm.; A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 6. 1849. Corydalis aurea occidentalis Engelm:; A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 62. 1867. TypE Locality: Rocks, Santa Fe Creek, New Mexico. Type collected by Fend- ler (no. 17). RanGE: South Dakota to Utah, Arizona, and Texas, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe Creek; Burro Mountains; Mangas Springs; Black Range; Mesilla Valley; Organ Mountains; near Gray; mountains west of San Antonio. Open slopes, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 2. Capnoides aureum (Willd.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 14. 1891. Corydalis aurea Willd. Enum. Pl. 740. 1809. Type Locatiry: ‘Habitat in Canada.”’ _RancE: British America to Pennsylvania, Texas, and California. New Mexico: Chama; Tierra Amarilla; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Zuni; Magdalena Mountains; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains. Damp thickets, in the Transition Zone. 8. Capnoides euchlamydeum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 122. 1913. Type Locariry: Cloudcroft, Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 8, 1899. Rance: Damp woods in the Sacramento and White mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. 4. Capnoides brandegei (S. Wats.) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. 4. 1898. Corydalis brandeget 8. Wats. Bot. Calif. 2: 480. 1880. Tyre tocauiry: ‘‘ Mountains of southern Colorado and in the Wahsatch.’’ Rance: Utah and Colorado to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama (Standley 6706). Damp canyons, in the Canadian Zone. 56. BRASSICACEAE. Mustard Family. Herbaceous annuals, biennials, or perennials, sometimes with woody base, with watery, acrid or pungent sap; leaves alternate; flowers in mostly terminal racemes, generally small; sepals 4, deciduous; petals 4, rarely wanting; stamens 6, tetrady- namous, rarely 2 or 4; ovary 2-celled by a thin partition, rarely 1-celled; fruit a silique orsilicle. (The fruit is necessary for the determination of genera and species.) 264 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. KEY TO THE GENERA. Pods indehiscent, 1-celled, with perforated wing- MOSEOUN So 2 osc oh Ee dees See eh eee es ee Pods dehiscent (except in Dithyraea and Raphanus), - 2-celled, not wing-margined. Podsstipitate, terete. (Anthers sometimes curved or twisted.) Pods long-stipitate; stipes slender .......-.. Pods short-stipitate; stipes stout. Sepals spreading in anthesis, soon decidu- GUSTS. SI. Pee ere es Sepals erect or ascending in anthesis. (Stigma entire or indistinctly lobed, the lobesexpanded over the valves. ) Stigma conical; outer sepals gibbous ab the age es. oak pte ee eee Stigma truncate; sepals scarcely gib- bous at the base. Septum of pod with a strong BUdTIbE U6 6 eee eee Pods not stipitate, of various shapes. Anthers sagittate at the base, spirally curved. Pods terete; flowers small, more or less irregular; calyx not urceolate ...... Pods flattened parallel to the partition; flowers large, regular; calyx urceo- A 2 lath Re EE etapa Era Anthers neither sagittate nor spirally curved. Pods more or less flattened contrary to the narrow septum. Pods didymous; plants densely stel- late-pubescent. Seeds solitary in each cell, the halves of the pod falling with the contained seeds; pods strongly flattened ..-. Seeds 1 or 2 in each cell, not retained by the valve; podsantated...< sno Podsnot didymous; plants not densely stellate (except in Nerisy- renia). Pods oblong-linear, little com- pressed; plants strongly stellate-pubescent -...:... Pods orbicular, oval, or cuneate, strongly flattened; plants not stellate-pubescent. Cells 1-seeded; pods broadest at the base. 1. THysANocaRPUs (p. 266). 2. STANLEYA (p. 266). 3. STANLEYELLA (p. 267). 4, TlESPERIDANTHUS (p. 267). 5. PLEUROPHRAGMA (p. 267). 6. THELYPODIUM (p. 268). 7. Herprorurrx (p. 268). 8. EuKutsta (p. 268). 9. DirHyRAEA (p. 269). 10. PHysarta (p. 270). 11. NERISYRENIA (p. 270). > aay Se & OT ae oan Dera WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 265 Pods ovate-cordate, acute at the apex, neither winged nor retuse........12. Carparta (p. 271). Pods orbicular or ovate, retuse or notched at the apex, usually winged. ...138. Leprium (p. 271). Cells 2-seeded; pods broadest at the summit, more or less truncate. Pods more or less winged; plants glabrous; coty- ledons accumbent..... 14. THuLaspt (p. 272). Pods wingless; plants with branched hairs; coty- ledons incumbent. ....- 15. Bursa (p. 273). Pods of various shapes, never compressed nor flattened contrary to the septum. Pods flattened parallel to the septum. Valves of the pods elastically dehis- cent; seeds in one row.........-.. 17. CARDAMINE (p. 276). Valves of the pods not elastically dehis- cent; seeds in one or two rows. Pods short-oblong (in some species almost oval), frequently spi- Eallyc EWASteGS = afer Sos eee 18. Drasa (p. 276). Pods elongate-linear, never twisted.19. ARABiIs (p. 279). Pods not flattened nor compressed in any direction (sometimes slightly com- pressed at the apex in Lesquerella). Pods short, globose, ovoid, or short- cylindric. Valves of the pod nerved; cotyle- donsincumbent............... 30. CAMELINA (p. 288). Valves not nerved; cotyledons accumbent. Pubescence conspicuously stel- ‘late; seeds flattened......... 16. LESQUERELLA (p. 274). Pubescence not stellate; seeds CETECE SEE Aes. RAE 24. RADICULA (p. 283). Pods longer, terete or quadrangular. Pods conspicuously beaked. Pods terete, moniliform (inde- ascent yer sac ceencest ot 22. 2.20, RAPHANUS (p.280). Pods quadrangular. Beak of the pod flat, swordlike..21. Eruca (p. 281). Beak of the pod elongated, conic or 4-angled.......... 22. Brassica (p. 281). Pods not beaked, or at most only tipped by the persistent style or stigma. 266 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Pods quadrangular by the thick- ening of the midribs of the valves. Plants glabrous; cauline leaves Glaspioy. 15 Alico Nea 29. CONRINGIA (p. 288). Plants pubescent; cauline leaves not clasping ........ 23. CHEIRINIA (p. 281). Podsterete or nearly so,the midrib wanting or but little thick- ened. Petals conspicuously lobed.....28. DRYoOPETALON (p. 288). Petals not lobed. Leaves, at least some of them, twice pinnately dis- Heehe da li nea bage tee ota 27. Soputa (p. 286). Leaves not twice pinnate. Seeds in two rows .......--24. RapicuLa (p. 283). Seeds in one row. Glabrous perennial with creeping rootstock. ..25. SCHOENOCRAMBE (p. 285). Plants pubescent with simple or branched hairs (one species glabrous annual), without rootstocks...26. StsyMBRIuM (p. 285). Selenia dissecta Torr. probably grows in the southeast corner of the State. The type locality is in western Texas very near the New Mexican boundary. 1. THYSANOCARPUS Hook. Slender annual with flattened disk-shaped wing-margined 1-celled pods, the wing perforated or toothed like a cogwheel. 1. Thysanccarpus amplectens Greene, Pittonia 3: 87. 1896. TYPE Locatity: Southwestern New Mexico. Type collected by Greene, April 16, 1880. RanGE: Known only from the type locality. 2. STANLEYA Nutt. Stout perennial herbs with entire or pinnatifid leaves; flowers rather large, in elon- gated racemes, crowded in bud; calyx narrow, spreading; petals long-clawed, yellow; anthers linear or curved, the filaments elongated; silique subterete, elongated, long- stipitate. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Blades of the petals linear-oblong to elliptic; flowers bright yellow.. 1. S. arcuata. Blades of the petals rounded-oval; flowers ochroleucous-..........-.- 2. S. albescens. 1. Stanleya arcuata Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 232. 1902. Type Locatity: Unionville Valley, Nevada. Ranae: Wyoming and California to northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Western San Juan County. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. ee a ee ee WOOTTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 267 2. Stanleya albescens Jones, Zoe 2: 17. 1891. TypE Locauitry: ‘‘On the Moencoppa,”’ Arizona. RANGE: Western Colorado and northwestern New Mexico to Arizona. New Mexico: Northwestern corner of the State (Palmer). Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. STANLEYELLA Rydb. A tall branched biennial; leaves thin, the lower lyrately pinnatifid, the upper entire; sepals thin, petaloid, white, oblong or linear, spreading or reflexed in anthesis; petals white, with spatulate blades tapering into short claws; pods slender, terete, with short stipes and styles; stigmas truncate or nearly so. 1. Stanleyella wrightii (A. Gray) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 435. 1907. Thelypodium wrightii A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 7. 1852. TYPE LocALity: Pass of the Limpio, western Texas. RANGE: Colorado and Utah to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Dulce; Hurrah Creek; Magdalena Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Organ Mountains; White Mountains; Gray; Raton. Hillsides, in the Transition Zone. 4. HESPERIDANTHUS (Robinson) Rydb. Erect slender glabrous perennia! herb with glaucous foliage, the stems corymbosely branched above; basal leaves obovate, toothed, the cauline ones linear, entire; sepals firm, erect, the outer strongly saccate at the base, purple; petals purple, with obovate blades; stigma conic or ovate, neither truncate nor bilobate; pods terete, linear, short- stipitate. 1. Hesperidanthus linearifolius (A. Gray) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 434. 1907. Streptanthus linearifolius A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 7. 1849. Thelypodium linearifolium 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 25. 1871. TypE LOCALITY: Mountainous regions from Santa Fe to Las Vegas, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 24). Rance: Colorado to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Gallup; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sierra Grande; Gallinas Mountains; Raton; Mogollon Mountains; Burro Mountains; Black Range; San Luis Mountains; Tortugas Mountain; Organ Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains; Guadalupe Mountains. Canyons and thickets, in the Transition Zone. 5. PLEUROPHRAGMA Rydb. Glabrous biennials with paniculate inflorescence; leaves thick, entire, the basal oblanceolate, the cauline linear-lanceolate, sessile; sepals ascending, thin, somewhat petaloid; petals white, on slender claws; pods slender, terete, torulose, tapering to a short stipe below and toaslender style above; stigma entire; septum with a strong rib. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Stipes about 1 mm. long; inflorescence short...........-.-.-.-.-- 1. P. integrifolium. Stipes 2 to 3 mm. long; inflorescence elongated.......:.........- 2. P. gracilipes. 1. Pleurophragma integrifolium (Nutt.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 433. 1907. Pachypodium integrifolium Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 96. 1838. Thelypodium integrifolium Endl.; Walp. Repert. Bot. 1: 172. 1842. Typr tocauity: ‘Elevated plains of the Rocky Mountains, toward the Oregon, as far as Wallahwallah.”’ Rance: Nebraska and Washington to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Farmington (Wooton 2783, Standley 7158). Damp ground, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. / 268 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 2. Pleurophragma gracilipes (Robinson) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 433. 1907. Thelypodium integrifolium gracilipes Robinson in A. Gray, Syn. Fl. 11: 176. 1895. Type LocaLity: Southwestern Colorado. Ran@e: Southwestern Colorado to northern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Cedar Hill. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 6. THELYPODIUM Endl. Slender glabrous biennial about 40 cm. high, with triangular-lanceolate auriculate- clasping leaves and elongated racemes; petals white, purplish-tinged, 5 mm. long or less; pods slender, 4 to 6 cm. long, somewhat divergent, arcuate; septum without a midrib; style truncate. 1. Thelypodium vernale Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 128. 1913. Type Locauity: Low mountains west of San Antonio, Socorro County, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 3847). RANGE: Known only from the type locality, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. HETEROTHRIX Rydb. Slender biennials, pubescent below -with stellate or branched hairs; basal leaves oblanceolate, toothed; cauline leaves lance-linear or linear, entire; racemes elongated, slender; calyx somewhat oblique, the lower sepals longer than the upper, all ascend- ing; petals spatulate, indistinctly clawed; pods slender, terete, sessile; stigma min- ute, entire or slightly lobed. KEY TO THE SPECIES, Sepals 3 mm. long or less, mostly green; siliques 20 to 35 mm. long, erect‘ or ascendings. eee. . bask tek eee soe Pee 1. H. micrantha. Sepals 4 to 5 mm. long, purple; siliques 50 to 70 mm. long, widely BPRGAGUMIS Fo5s 5 aie ws SOE at Sie he eo ee 2. H. longifolia. 1. Heterothrix micrantha (A. Gray) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 435. 1907. Streptanthus micranthus A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 7. 1849. Thelypodium micranthum 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 1'7: 321. 1882. Type Locatity: Margins of Santa Fe Creek, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 23). Rance: Colorado to Arizona and western Texas, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Organ Mountains. Damp slopes, in the Transition Zone. 2. Heterothrix longifolia (Benth.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 34: 435. 1907. Streptanthus longifolius Benth. Pl. Hartw. 10. 1839. Thelypodium longifolium 8S. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 25. 1871. Type Locaity: Mexico. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; La Jara; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; White and Sacramento moun- tains; Capitan Mountains. Transition Zone. 8. EUKLISIA (Nutt.) Rydb. Annual or biennial herbs with glabrous glaucous leaves, the basal more or less toothed, the cauline linear to cordate-clasping; flowers rather large, 1 cm. long or less, in elongated terminal racemes; calyx urceolate; petals long-clawed, the blades undulate-crisped; anthers sagittate; siliques 5 to 7 cm. long or less, flattened parallel to the partition; seeds winged. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 269 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Cauline leaves lance-linear, narrowed at the base; sepals about 2 LUIS: TGR SR EEE es eS 1. £. longirostris. Cauline leaves oblong to cordate, clasping; calyx 8 mm. long or more. Basal leaves toothed, the cauline obtuse; sepals purplish...... 2. E. crassifolia. Basal leaves pinnatifid, the cauline acute; sepals yellow... ... 3. EF. valida. 1 Euklisia longirostris (S. Wats.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 338: 142. 1906. Arabis longirostris 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 17. pl. 2. 1871. Streptanthus longirostris 8S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 25: 127. 1890. Type Locatity: ‘‘Growing in alkaline soil at the Steamboat Springs near Washoe City, about Humboldt Lake, Nevada, and on Stansbury Island in Salt Lake.’ Rance: Washington to Nevada and New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec; Albuquerque. Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Euklisia crassifolia (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 142. 1906. Streptanthus crassifolius Greene, Pittonia 3: 227. 1897. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Frequent in the mountain districts of eastern California south- ward, and in adjacent Nevada and Arizona.”’ RanGe: California and Utah to New Mexico and Arizona, New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Aztec. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Euklisia valida (Greene) Woot. & Stand]. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 125. 1913. Disaccanthus validus Greene, Leaflets 1: 225. 1906. Disaccanthus mogollonicus Greene, loc. cit. Disaccanthus luteus Greene, loc. cit. Typ Locauity: El Paso, Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Mountains west of San Antonio; Silver City; Upper Corner Monu- ment; Tres Hermanas; Tortugas Mountain; Bishops Cap; Kingston. Dry hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. In the type of Disaccanthus luteus the flowers are of a deeper yellow than in the plant of the Rio Grande region. Following his description of D. mogollonicus Doctor Greene says: ‘‘All white-flowered material from New Mexico from Las Cruces to the upper Gila belongs here.’’ Asa matter of fact none of these plants have white flowers, but both the calyx and corolla are a pale, clear yellow. The type of Disaccanthus mogollonicus was collected in the Mogollon Mountains (Greene in 1881); that of D. luteus came from Kingston (Metcalfe 1593). 9. DITHYRAEA Haw. SPECTACLE-POD. Erect branching canescent annuals with entire or pinnatifid leaves; flowers rather large, white, 6 to 8 mm. long, in elongated terminal racemes; silicles laterally flattened, each cell nearly orbicular, containing a single seed, indehisceut but separating at maturity from the persistent septum. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Pods stellate-pubescent, not strongly veined; cauline leaves with sinuate teeth, at least near the base....................--.--- 1. D. wislizeni. Pods glabrous, conspicuously reticulate-veined; cauline leaves SOE ae ti oN 9 op ca A Sit ga a UR ea 2. D. griffithsn. 1. Dithyraea wislizeni Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. North. Mex. 96. 1848. Biscutella wislizent Brewer & Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 48. 1878. TYPE LocaLity: Sandy soil rear Valverde and Fray Cristobal, New Mexico. Type collected by Wislizenus in 1846. 270 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. RaAncGE: Colorado and Utah to Texas and northern Mexico. New Mexico: San Juan Valley; Zuni; Mimbres; Sabinal; Florida Mountains; Noria; Mesilla Valley; Organ Mountains; Jarilla Mountains; Melrose; 35 miles west of Roswell. Dry hills and mesas, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. This is one of the first plants to bloom in the spring, continuing in flower until summer. It is abundant in many parts of the State, especially on sandhills and gravelly mesas. 2. Dithyraea griffithsii Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 124. 1913. Type LocaLity: Arroyo Ranch near Roswell, New Mexico. Type collected by David Griffiths (no. 5687). Rance: New Mexico. New Mexico: Arroyo Ranch; Zuni. Plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 10. PHYSARIA A. Gray. DovuBLE BLADDER-POD. A low stellate-pubescent silvery-canescent cespitose perennial with obovate- spatulate leaves; racemes few-flowered; petals linear, yellow; siliques membranous, the two cells inflated-globose and joined by the narrow septum. 1. Physaria newberryi A. Gray in Ives, Rep. Colo. Riv. 6. 1861. Type Locauity: Near Tegua, Arizona (one of the Moqui villages). Rance: Nevada and Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Western San Juan and McKinley counties. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 11. NERISYRENIA Greene. Canescent herbaceous perennials 20 to 40 cm. high, branching from the base, densely covered with soft stellate hairs; racemes somewhat elongated; flowers white, purplish-tinged, about 1 cm. long; siliques 1-to 2 cm. long, oblong, compressed con- trary to the septum, appearing hoa quadrangular, tipped by the persistent style. KEY TO THE SPECIES. (Meaycrilitienr’ COG. <0 2. cosa ones al pene wen ee eae ae eee 1. N. linearifolia. Leaves obovate or oblanceolate, toothed or pinnatifid...........-- 2. N. camporum. 1. Nerisyrenia linearifolia (S. Wats.) Greene, Pittonia 4: 225. 1900. Greggia linearifolia S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 191. 1883. Parrasia linearifolia Greene, Erythea 3: 75, 1895. TypPE LOCALITY: Presidio on the Rio Grande, Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southern New Meccan: New Mexico: White Sands; plains 35 miles south of Torrance; Lakewood; Los Mitos. In gypsum soil, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 2. Nerisyrenia camporum (A. Gray) Greene, Pittonia 4: . 1900. Greggia camporum A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 8. pl. 1. 1852. Parrasia camporum Greene, Erythea 3: 75. 1895. TypE Locauity: ‘‘High a and calcareous hills, at the head of the San Felipe,” Texas. Rance: Western Texas to New Mexico, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Upper Corner Monument; Tortugas Mountain; plains south of White Sands; Tres Hermanas; White Mountains; Jarilla Mountains; Organ Mountains. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. OR. 12. CARDARIA Desv. Hoary cress. 1. Cardaria draba (L.) Desv. Journ. de Bot. 3: 163. 1813. Lepidium draba L. Sp. Pl. 645. 1753. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Germania, praesertim Austria, Gallia, Italia.”’ New Mexico: Mesilla Valley. An introduced weed having the appearance of a Lepidium, but the pods ovate- cordate, acute at the apex. It probably occurs elsewhere in the State, since the seeds are often distributed with those of garden or field crops or with grass seeds. It has been well established in the Mesilla Valley in alfalfa fields for several years. 18. LEPIDIUM L. PEpPrERGRASS. Herbaceous annuals or short-lived perennials with pinnatifid or simple leaves; flowers of medium or small size (in one of our species apetalous), with white petals, in crowded racemes, these elongating in fruit; stamens often fewer than 6; siliques orbicular or oblong, strongly flattened contrary to the septum, dehiscent, sometimes wing-margined; seeds flattened, solitary in each valve. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Style conspicuous, equaling or exceeding the wing margins of the fruit. Stems pubescent throughout; all the cauline leaves pinnatifid. 1. ZL. thurberi. Stems glabrous, at least below; upper cauline leaves entire. Branches of the inflorescence pubescent; lower cauline leaves pinnatifid, the upper linear-oblong..-...... 2. L. eastwoodiae. Branches of the inflorescence glabrous; all the cauline leapesidntive, lineanias: 22d Hoda igack sea dese: 3. L. alyssoides. Style obsolete, at least much shorter than the wing margins of the fruit. ens Waniter. .... -eisgstte. 2uosse SPAS terns). Wsed ae tistc 4, L. apetalum. Petals present. . Stems and leaves glabrous except sometimes below. (Piania briaht preens) ..sce2 2s eee ee aati 5. L. medium. Stems and leaves pubescent. Fruit glabrous; stems puberulent, erect.....-.----.-. 6. L. hirsutum. Fruit pubescent; stems villous, spreading....-.--..-. 7. L. lasiocarpum. 1. Lepidium thurberi Wooton, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 259. 1898. Type Locauity: Lava, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 672). RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico to Arizona. New Mexico: Lava; Cienaga Ranch; Silver City; Dog Spring; near White Water; Hatchet Ranch; Reserve. Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Lepidium eastwoodiae Wooton, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 258. 1898. Type Locauity: Mescalero Agency, White Mountains, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Wooton. Rance: New Mexico and southern Colorado. New Mexico: Farmington; Chama; Cerrillos; Sandia Mountains; Gallinas Moun- tains; Galisteo; Organ Mountains; Sacramento and White mountains. Mountains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. A common plant in the mountains of the central and southern parts of the State. It is a short-lived perennial corymbosely branched above, with numerous racemes of bright white flowers. The foliage is of a rather pronounced green (rarely yellowish green), and the lower leaves are pinnately divided, the upper leaves simple, oblong- lanceolate, flat. O72 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 3. Lepidium alyssoides A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 18. 1849. Type Locauity: ‘“‘Mountain valleys, from Santa Fe eastward to Rabbit’s Ear Creek,’’ New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 46). Rance: Colorado to Texas and Arizona. New Mexico: Common nearly everywhere from the Pecos River westward across the State. Plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. Nearly related to the last, but as seen growing it is noticeably yellowish green, the flowers are not so bright a white, the leaves are narrower, and the basal ones are less divided. 4. Lepidium apetalum Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 439. 1800. Type Locauity: ‘In Siberia.’’ RanGeE: British Columbia and New England, southward throughout the United States; also in Asia; probably introduced in New Mexico. New Mexico: Koen Agricultural College; Santa Fe; Pajarito Park. 5. Lepidium medium Greene, Erythea 3: 36. 1895. Lepidium intermedium A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 15. 1853, not A. Rich. 1847. TypE LocaLity: Ravines of the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1320). RanGE: Missouri and Texas to California. New Mexico: Rio Pueblo; Sandia Mountains; Mangas Springs; Mimbres River Florida Mountains; Mesilla Valley; Organ Aieapintne. Plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones, rarely extending into the Transition. 6. Lepidium hirsutum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 322. 1913. Lepidium intermedium pubescens Greene, Bot. Gaz. 5: 157. 1881, not L. pubescens Desv. 1814. Lepidium medium pubescens Robinson in A. Gray, Syn. Fl. 1': 127. 1895. TYPE LocALity: Mangas Springs, New Mexico. Type collected by E. L. Greene, in 1880. Rance: Southwestern New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. New Mexico: Farmington; Chama; Winsors Ranch; Bear Mountain; Middle Fork of the Gila; Cliff; Pecos. Dry hillsides. 7. Lepidium lasiocarpum Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 115. 1838. Lepidium wrightti A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 15. 1853. Tyre Locatity: “‘Near St. Barbara, Upper California.”’ Rance: Washington to California and Texas. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Farmington; Upper Corner Monument; Mesilla Valley; Tortugas Mountain; Organ Mountains. Dry fields, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. A low, spreading, more or less hirsute annual or winter annual, with stout divergent stems, pinnatifid leaves, and inconspicuous flowers followed quickly by the numerous somewhat crowded silicles. It is one of the few true “spring flowers” of the southern Part of the State. Often it is a weed in irrigated land. 14. THLASPI L. PENNy cREss. Low annuals or perennials with a rosette of oblanceolate-spatulate leaves with few teeth; cauline leaves clasping; flowers white, purple-tinged, rather large for the fam- ily, 5 to 7 mm. long; siliques obovate to almost obcordate; style slender, remaining on the persistent septum. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. e138 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Pods emarginate, the sinus Darrow ..../.21:-2:.:.-2--cee.esceene 1. T. coloradense. Pods truncate or nearly so, the sinus broad and open. Cauline leaves ovate, 18 to 25 mm. long; pedicels slender, 8 to 10 mm. long; pods 5 mm. wide................... 2. T. fendleri. Cauline leaves oblong, 15 mm. long or less; pedicels stout, 6 mm. long or shorter; pods not more than 2.5 mm. wide. Stems 20 to 30 cm. high, slender; cauline leaves broader than the basal ones; sepals green......-..-....-. 3. I. glaucum. Stems 10 cm. high or less, stouter; cauline leaves not broader than the basal ones; sepals purplish..... 4, T. purpurascens. 1, Thlaspi coloradense Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 280. 1901. Type Locatity: Bald Mountain near Pikes Peak, Colorado. RanGE: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Las Vegas Hot Springs; Sierra Grande. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. 2. Thlaspi fendleri A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 14. 1853. TyPE LocALITy: Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1322). Rance: New Mexico. New Mexico: Cooney; Hillsboro Peak; Organ Mountains. Canyons in the moun- tains, in the Transition Zone. Perhaps, judging from the specific name and from the citation of synonymy, Fend- ler’s 44 should be taken as the type of this species. Doctor Gray’s description, how- ever, evidently applies to the very different plant of southern New Mexico, and Wright’s specimens are the only ones cited. If Fendler’s plant were taken as the type, the specimens here listed should have a new name. 3. Thlaspi glaucum A. Nels. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 275. 1898. Thlaspi alpestre glaucum A. Nels. Wyom. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 28: 84. 1896. Tyre Locauity: La Plata Mines, Wyoming. RanGeE* Idaho to central New Mexico. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; San Mateo Mountains; Kelly; Cloudcroft; Chama; Pecos Baldy. Meadows under pine trees, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 4. Thlaspi purpurascens Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 281. 1901. TYPE Locauity: Arizona. Rance: Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Hermits Peak; Stinking Lake. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. 15. BURSA Weber. SHEPHERD’S-PURSE. Branched annual with a rosette of narrow pinnatifid leaves; flowers small, white; silique obcordate-triangular, flattened contrary to the partition. 1. Bursa bursa-pastoris (L.) Web. Prim. Fl. Hols. 41. 1780. Thlaspi bursa-pastoris L. Sp. Pl. 647. 1753. Capseila bursa-pastoris Medic. Pflanzengat. 1: 85. 1792. Tyre Locauitry: ‘‘ Habitat in Europae cultis ruderatis.”’ New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; Kingston; Las Huertas Canyon; Gallinas Canyon; Pecos; Mesilla Valley; Gilmores Ranch; Chama. A very common weed in the Eastern States, introduced from Europe. So far itis rather rare in New Mexico, but occurs occasionally in irrigated fields and in gardens. Doubtless it will become more common. The plant may be recognized by the trian- gular-cuneate silicle which gives rise to the popular as well as the Latin name. 52576°—15——18 274 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 16. LESQUERELLA §. Wats. BLApDDER-PoD. Low herbaceous annuals or perennials, stellate or lepidote-hoary; leaves entire or repand-toothed; flowers mostly yellow, purplish white-in one species; pods globose to ovoid, inflated, with nerveless valves; seeds several, in two rows in each cell; septa and styles persistent. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Plowers purplish WHILE" 0 causes eese nee ase ee shite renee = eee 1. LE. purpurea. Flowers yellow. Plants tall, 30 cm. or usually more, erect; pedicels reflexed from fee bases anotal of. Se ioe So eens ee ce eee 2. DL. aurea. Plants lower, usually less than 20 cm., ascending, erect, or pros- trate; pedicels erect, or reflexed from about the middle, never from the base; perennials or rarely annuals. Capsules lepidote-stellate. Pods compressed at the top. Plants densely cespitose, 6 cm. high or less; cauline leaves crowded. ......-....------- 6. L. intermedia. Plants not densely cespitose, 15 cm. high; cau- limedeavies TeMmoten. shee cee eee eon 7. L. valida. Pods not compressed at the summit. Capsules pointed at the apex, 7 to 8 mm. long; cauline leaves narrowly oblanceolate, ACUTIBM se eae ce ee ee ee ees eee 3. L. montana. Capsules rounded at the apex, 4.5 mm. long or less; cauline leaves various. Capsules 3 mm. long; cauline leaves broadly OblaM COOlALS 2 5 cic.w'= els ts/=\ ose em s meat sh re ee Capsules 4.5 mm. long; cauline leaves linear- oblong or linear-oblanceolate........- 5. L. rectipes. Capsules glabrous. Plants annual; pedicels reflexed above the middle in BO SO. i Se ecu Deeel icc See sete eae ae 8. L. gordoni. Plants perennial (sometimes blossoming the first year); pedicels erect, stout. Flowers not exceeding the leaves; pedicels arising from a common point, or axillary. (Plants densely cespitose, 4 to 6 cm. high; basal leaves linear-oblanceolate)............-.-- 9. L. praecoxz. Flowers much exceeding the leaves, in more or less elongated racemes. Plants low, 5 cm. high or less; basal leaves ovate to orbicular, as broad as long..... 10. L. ovalifolia. Plants taller, usually more than 10 cm.; basal leaves broadly oblanceolate or narrower, always much longer than broad. Plants white with very dense lepidote pubescence; leaves linear or linear- oblanceolate, thick.........---..11. L. fendleri. Plants greener, the pubescence much less dense; leaves oblanceolate or spatu- date, Chimie eo eee eee mee 12. L. pinetorum. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 275 1. Lesquerella purpurea (A. Gray) 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 23: 253. 1888. Vesicaria purpurea A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 14. 1853. Tyre Locautry: ‘‘Stony hills near El Paso.’? Type collected by Wright (no. 1320). Rance: Western Texas to Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Big Hatchet Mountains; Florida Mountains; Organ Mountains. Canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. One of the rather few early spring flowers occurring in the mountains of the southern part of the State. 2. Lesquerella aurea Wooton, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 260. 1898. Type LocaLity: South Fork of Tularosa Creek, 3 miles east of the Mescalero Agency, White Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 245). Range: Mountains of southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Luna; White and Sacramento mountains. Transition Zone. The largest of our species. Its flowers are a deep yellow, abundantly borne on erect or ascending stems, followed by the globose fruit on strongly recurved pedicels. 3. Lesquerella montana (A. Gray) 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 23: 251. 1888. Vesicaria montana A. Gray, Proc. Acad. Phila. 1863: 58. 1863. Tyrer Locauiry: ‘‘ From the Middle Mountains,’ Colorado. Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos River; Sierra Grande; Raton. Hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Lesquerella lata Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 16: 126. 1913. Typr Locatity: Lincoln National Forest, New Mexico. Type collected by Fred G. Plummer in 1903. Rance: White Mountains of New Mexico. 5. Lesquerella rectipes Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 127. 1913. Type Locatity: Northwestern New Mexico. Type collected by C. C. Marsh (no. 81). Rance: New Mexico. New Mexico: South of Atarque de Garcia; banks of the Rio Grande, 19 miles west of Santa Fe; near East View; Tunitcha Mountains. Dry plainsand hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. Lesquerella intermedia (S. Wats.) Heller, Pl. World 1: 22. 1897. Lesquerella alpina intermedia 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 238: 251. 1888. Type Locauity: Hills west of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 38). RanGE: Northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Wheelers Ranch. Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. Lesquerella valida Greene, Pittonia 4: 68. 1899. Type Locatity: Gray, New Mexico. Type collected by Miss Josephine Skehan (no. 89). Rance: Known only from the type locality. 8. Lesquerella gordoni (A. Gray) 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 23: 253. 1888. Vesicaria gordont A. Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 6: 149. 1850. Type LocAuity: On the Canadian, in the Raton Mountains, New Mexico or Colo- rado. Rance: Western Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Mesilla Valley; Gray; Kingston. Dry fields, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. A common spring annual in the southern part of the State, where it occurs asso- ciated with Sophias and other spring crucifers. 276 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 9. Lesquerella praecox Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 126. 1913. Typr Locatity: New Mexico. Type collected by Bigelow. Rance: Central New Mexico. ; New Mexico: Gallinas Mountains; Cabra Springs. Open hills, in the Upper Sono- ran Zone. From L. fendleri, its nearest relative, this plant is at once distinguished by its lower, densely cespitose habit and its few pedicels which are surpassed by the leaves. The general appearance of the two is very different. 10. Lesquerella ovalifolia Rydb. in Britt. & Brown, Illustr. Fl. 2: 137. f. 1749. 1897. TypE LOCALITY: Kimball County, Nebraska. Rance: Nebraska to New Mexico. New Mexico: Nara Visa; Sandia Mountains; San Mateo Mountains. Plains and open hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. bale Lesquerella fendleri (A. Gray) 8S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 28: 254. 1888. Vesicaria fendlert A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 9. 1849. Vesicaria stenophylla A. Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 6: 149. 1850. Lesquerella stenophylla Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 155. 1906. Type Locauity: On the smaller hills around Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Fendler (no. 40). Rance: Colorado and Arizona to western Texas. New Mexico: Farmington; Nara Visa; Socorro Mountain; Santa Fe; Carrizalillo Mountains; Florida Mountains; Organ Mountains; Roswell; Lake Arthur; Round Mountain; Queen; mountains west of San Antonio. Dry rocky hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. This is the common perennial silvery-white Lesquerella found in the drier soil of the foothills of the mountains and the higher rocky mesas. It usually blooms early in the spring, but if the season is especially dry it flowers after the rains begin. 12. Lesquerella pinetorum Woot. & Stand]. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 126. 1913, TYPE LocALITy: On a dry hillside under pine trees at Gilmores Ranch on Eagle Creek, White Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton & Standley (no. 3460). RANGE: White Mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. 17. CARDAMINE L. A herbaceous glabrous perennial 30 to 60 cm. high; leaves simple, broadly ovate- cordate, sparingly repand-dentate; flowers white, 5 to 8 mm. long; siliques rather stout, ascending, on long pedicels; valves nerveless; seeds in one row. 1. Cardamine cordifolia A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 8. 1849. Type Locauity: Margin of Santa Fe Creek, in the mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 28). RANGE: Wyoming to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; White Monntteanet Along streams and in marshes, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 18. DRABA Dill. Wurrtow Grass. Low annuals, biennials, or perennials, with alternate entire or toothed leaves and yellow or white flowers in crowded racemes; sepals short, broad, obtuse; petals obovate or spatulate, entire or somewhat notched; styles short or obsolete; pubes- cence simple or branched; siliques flattened parallel to the septum, flat or twisted; seeds not winged. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. O77 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Winter annuals; styles obsolete. Petals yellow; leaves extending well up on the stem........ 1. D. montana. Petals white or wanting; leaves clustered at the base of the stem. Petals wanting or very small......... HSER SSE ae aia 2. D. micrantha. Petals conspicuous. Leaves all entire; pedicels clustered at the end of CC HDOMI Se Coton cores seer se keer ne ek! soe DD) COlOraacnalne Leaves toothed; fruit in an elongated raceme....... 4. D. cuneifolia. Perennials, or occasionally biennials, sometimes flowering the first year; style conspicuous, 1 mm. long or more. Basal leaves long-ciliate, the hairs simple or nearly so. Stems pubescent; cauline leaves pubescent on both ILE@Er a eran oe as acc e eae ee owe con tenes MOD sire DLOCAT INE Stems glabrous; cauline leaves glabrous on the faces, LISTE Pye tet bre ey AE MI BREE SO AE aS 6. D. tonsa. Basal leaves not long-ciliate; hairs branched. ra au shy Sah ae ats ys te ent ate Rian, at Hance dog' 7. D. cana. Petals bright yellow. Stems equally leafy throughout, the cauline leaves larger than the basal ones. (Plants large, usually 20 em. high or more). Stems solitary, simple below................... 9. Stems clustered, usually branched below....... 19. Stems with reduced leaves or almost naked; basal leaves much larger and more conspicuous than the cauline ones. Basal leaves oblanceolate or obovate, 15 to 25 mm. wide, toothed; stems almost naked..11. D. mogollonica. Basal leaves oblanceolate or narrower, less than 5 mm. wide, entire; stems with more numerous leaves. Roots slender; stems finely stellate-pubes- CONE tstastets ceue ea feels sae Sama nee 8. D. neomexicana. Roots thick and woody; stems long-pubes- cent or glabrous. Leaves glabrous or nearly so, acute or acutish; stems glabrous, slender.13. D. gilgiana. Leaves all pubescent and ciliate, obtuse; stems pubescent, stout........... 12. D. petrophila. 1. Draba montana S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 14: 289. 1879. Typr Locatity: South Park, Colorado. Ranae: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Rio Pueblo (Wooton). Mountains, in the Canadian Zone. 2. Draba micrantha Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 109. 1838. Draba caroliniana micrantha A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 72. 1867. TYPE LOCALITY: Open plains and rocky places about St. Louis, Missouri, and in Arkansas. RanGe: Washington and Illinois to New Mexico and Texas. New Mexico: Nutritas Creek below Tierra Amarilla (Eggleston 6495). Open slopes, in the Upper Sonora and lower parts of the Transition Zone. . helleriana. . patens. SS 278 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 3. Draba coloradensis Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 81: 555. 1904. Type Locauity: Fort Collins, Colorado. Rance: Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Gallinas River below Las Vegas; La Cueva; near Tierra Amarilla: Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A species much resembling the next, but usually a smaller plant with larger flowers. 4. Draba cuneifolia Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 108. 1838. TYPE Locatity: Grassy places around St. Louis, Missouri. RanGE: Illinois to Alabama, New Mexico, and California. New Mexico: Magdalena Mountains; Mangas Springs; mountains west of San Antonio; Florida Mountains; Organ Mountains; Tortugas Mountain. Open hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. Not uncommon in the drier mountains of the southern part of the State, appearing early in the spring if there has been rain or snow. If the moisture is scanty, it com- mences to bloom as soon as the first two leaves are formed, and the plants will be only 5 or 6 cm. high. With abundant water and good soil in the crevices of a rock, it sometimes is 15 to 20 cm. high and much branched at the base. 5. Draba streptocarpa A. Gray, Amer. Journ. Sci. IT. 38: 242. 1862. Typr Locauity: Rocky cliffs bordering the upper Clear Creek, Colorado. Rance: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Las Vegas Range; Johnsons Mesa; Sierra Grande. High mountains, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. A high-mountain species with pale yellowish flowers and pubescent leaves, stems, and inflorescence, the sepals sparingly ciliate and the pods scabrous. 6. Draba tonsa Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 125. 1913. TypE LocaLiry: Hermits Peak in the Las Vegas Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Snow. Rance: Las Vegas Mountains, New Mexico. 7. Draba cana Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 29: 241. 1902. Type Locauity: Morley, Alberta. Rance: British America to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Truchas Peak; Pecos Baldy. Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 8. Draba neomexicana Greene, Pittonia 4: 18. 1899. Draba aurea stylosa A. Gray, Amer. Journ. Sci. IT. 83: 242. 1862, in part. Type Locauiry: Mountains back of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 43). Rance: Mountains of northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Jemez Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. Chiefly in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 9. Draba helleriana Greene, Pittonia 4: 17. 1899. Draba aurea stylosa A. Gray, Amer. Journ. Sci. II. 33: 243. 1862, in part. - Draba stylosa Heller, Pl. World 1: 23. 1897, not Turez. 1854. Draba pinetorwm Greene, Pittonia 4:18. 1899. Type Locality: Canyon 4 miles east of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Heller (no. 3669). Rane@e: Mountains of New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Ie and Las Vegas mountains; Rio Pueblo; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range. Transition Zone. The type of D. pinetorum came from the Pinos Altos Mountains (Greene in 1880). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 279 10. Draba patens Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 624. 1899. Type Locatity: White Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 275). Ranae: White and Sacramento mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. 11. Draba mogollonica Greene, Bot. Gaz. 6: 157. 1881. Type tocauiry: Northward slopes of the Mogollon Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by E. L. Greene, April 18, 1880. Rance: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Bear Mountain; Mangas Springs; Magdalena Mountains; Mogollon Mountains. Upper Sonoran Zone. The plant is a perennial but blooms the first year. The pods are typically glabrous, but sometimes they are pubescent. 12. Draba petrophila Greene, Pittonia 4: 17. 1899. Type Locatity: Ledges of the Santa Rita Mountains, southern Arizona. Rance: Mountains of Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains ( Mearns 2206). 13. Draba gilgiana Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 124. 1913. Type LocaLity: Organ Peak in the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Wooton & Standley, September 23, 1906. Rance: Mountains of southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; Tortugas Mountain. Transition Zone. 19. ARABIS L. Rock cress. Annuals or perennials, glabrous or pubescent, with entire or toothed leaves more or less rosulate at the base, the cauline leaves usually smaller, sessile, sometimes clasping; flowers white, rose-colored, or purple; siliques long-linear, flattened par- allel to the septum, the valves one-nerved; seeds winged or marginless. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Pods erect. Seeds broadly winged; none of the leaves coarsely hirsute, the basal ones sometimes with a few hairs; plants glau- COU See see ee ciate ele fe lersiaje no eit as eters ee SEE 1. A. ovyphylla. Seeds not winged; at least the lower leaves coarsely hirsute; plants bright green... .. A Rn Se Bee ae ee Sees 2. A. ovata. Pods reflexed or spreading. Leaves hispid on the margins, the faces usually stellate- BRUESCEN Dr: Soc na tL pees a aie ia ae Ja SEES 3. A. fendleri. Leaves not hispid on the margins, but the faces stellate- pubescent. “Pods pubescent; flowers 12 or 13 mm. long............. 4, A. formosa. Pods glabrous; flowers 6 mm. long or less. Sepals stellate-pubescent. Leaves finely and densely stellate-pubescent... 5. A. eremophila. Leaves coarsely and loosely stellate-pubescent.. 8. A. consanguinea. Sepals glabrous. Pods 45 to 60.mm. long, 1 mm. wide, green, curved upward. ..2 25. .2.2: yee Store ents 6. A. angulata. Pods 35 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, purple, straight oreurved downward<:...¢jsse00t. 2220: 7. A. porphyrea. 280 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Arabis oxyphylla Greene, Pittonia 4: 196. 1900. Typrr Locatity: Empire, Colorado. Rance: Wyoming to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tierra Amarilla; Chama; Baldy; Grass Mountain. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. 2. Arabis ovata (Pursh) Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Suppl. 5: 557. 1817. Turritis ovata Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 438. 1814. Type Locatity: ‘‘On rocks, Pennsylvania to Virginia.”’ Rance: British America to Georgia and California. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Raton; Sandia Mountains; Grosstedt Place; White and Sacramento mountains. Damp woods, in the Transition Zone. 8. Arabis fendleri (S. Wats.) Greene, Pittonia 3: 156. 1897. Arabis holboellii fendleri S. Wats. in A. Gray, Syn. Fl. 11: 164. 1895. Arabis gracilenta Greene, Pittonia 4: 194. 1900. Tyre Locatiry: New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler, probably near Santa Fe (no. 27). Rance: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Winsors Ranch; Chama; Tunitcha Mountains. Open slopes. The type of A. gracilenta was collected near Santa Fe by Heller. 4. Arabis formosa Greene, Pittonia 4: 198. 1900. TyprE Locatity: Hills about Aztec, New Mexico. Type collected by Baker (no. 345). RANGE: Known only from type locality, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Arabis eremophila Greene, Pittonia 4: 194. 1900. TypE Locatity: Peach Springs, northern Arizona. Rance: Northern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec (Baker 343). Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. Arabis angulata Greene, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 123. 1913. Type Locatiry: Mangas Springs, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 12). RANGE: Known only from type locality. 7. Arabis porphyrea Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 123. 1913. Type tocauity: Dry hills near the Cueva on the west side of the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton & Standley, April 25, 1907. RancE: Southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Magdalena Mountains; Continental Divide west of Patterson; South Percha Creek; Organ Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 8. Arabis consanguinea Greene, Pittonia 4: 190. 1900. Type Locauiry: Los Pinos, southern Colorado. RANGE: Mountains of Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; near Tierra Amarilla. Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 20. RAPHANUS L. Rapisu. Tall annual, often with a thickened root, the leaves pinnatifid; flowers pale purple, pod thick, oblong, tapering upward, indehiscent. 1. Raphanus sativus L. Sp. Pl. 669. 1753. Tyre nocauiry: Not stated. New Mexico: James Canyon (Wooton). The common cultivated radish is not rare as an escape in some of the Eastern States, and is well established in California. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 281 21. ERUCA Mill. Branched annual with pinnately lobed or pinnatifid leaves and yellowish flowers; siliques linear-oblong, long-beaked, the valves 3-nerved, concave; seeds in 2 rows in in each cell. 1. Eruca eruca (L.) Britton in Britt. & Brown, Illustr. Fl. ed. 2. 2: 192. 1913. Brassica eruca L. Sp. Pl. 667. 1753. Eruca sativa Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. no. 1. 1768. Type tocatiry: ‘“‘ Habitat in Helvetia.’’ Rance: Native of Europe, introduced into many parts of North America. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley. 22. BRASSICA L. Musrarp. Coarse annuals, 60 to 100 cm. high or larger, with simple or pinnately lobed leaves 10 to 15 em. long; flowers yellow, in terminal elongated racemes; siliques elongated, 4-angled, beaked; seeds in one row in the cell. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Plants glabrous; pedicels 10°to 20 cm. long..............--....-.---- 1. B. juncea. Plants hispid; pedicels about 5 mm. long...............--..--.---..- 2. B. arvensis. 1. Brassica juncea (L.) Coss. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 6: 609.1859. — INDIAN MUSTARD. Sinapis juncea L. Sp. Pl. 668. 1753. TYPE Locatity: ‘‘ Habitat in Asia.”’ New Mexico: Fresnal; Gilmores Ranch; Las Cruces; Ponchuelo Creek; Santa Fe; Espanola; Las Vegas; Shiprock; Agricultural College. Not uncommon in cultivated fields; widely introduced into North America from Europe. 2. Brassica arvensis (L.) B.S. P. Prel. Cat. N. Y. 5. 1888. CHARLOCEK. Sinapis arvensis L. Sp. Pl. 668. 1753. Brassica sinapistrum Boiss. Voy. Bot. Esp. 2: 39. 1839-45. Type Locatity: ‘Habitat in agris Europae.”’ New Mexico: Mesilla Valley. Introduced into grain fields, gardens, and waste ground in many parts of the United States. 23. CHEIRINIA Link. WESTERN WALLFLOWER. Coarse biennials or perennials with harsh pubescence of branched appressed hairs; leaves alternate, entire or toothed, simple; flowers large for the family, 6 to 20 mm. long, in long terminal racemes; sepals oblong, one pair saccate; petals long-clawed, yellow, brownish, or maroon; siliques subterete or more or less strongly 4-angled. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Flowers small, less than 1 cm. long. Plants tall and slender; basal leaves fugacious; plant of the Bre Oia ais ois a 2 So een eee cet . B.. Ciconepicun. Plants low and stout, with persistent basal leaves; of the gravelly mesas of the southern part of the State......... 2. C. desertorum. Flowers large, more than 1 cm. long. Petals orange, reddish brown, or purplish maroon.........-.---- 6. C. wheeleri. Petals light golden yellow. Basal leaves, at least, silvery white; cauline leaves very BISPE EOI tes ok A SEC ee ee ema rete eens Sa 1. C. bakeri. 989 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Basal leaves, as well as the whole plant, grayish. (Plants taller). Pods widely spreading; plants very stout............ 7. C. aspera. Pods erect or ascending; plants slender. Claws of the petals one-half longer than the sepals. 5. C. elata. Claws of the petals little or not at all longer than the sepales.<. i225 32. ee Re ee 4. C. asperrima. 1. Cheirinia bakeri (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 324. 1912. Cheiranthus aridus Greene, Pittonia 4: 198. 1900, not A. Nels. 1899. Cheiranthus bakeri Greene, Pittonia 4: 235. 1900. Erysimum bakeri Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 141. 1906. Type Locauity: Dry hills among nut pines and cedars at Aztec, New Mexico. Type collected by Baker (no. 350). Rance: Southwestern Colorado to western New Mexico and adjacent Utah and Arizona. New Mexico: Aztec; Carrizo Mountains; Florida Mountains; mountains west of San Antonio. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A low (20 to 40 cm.) plant with sinuate-dentate leaves, occuring in the northwestern part of the State. The type of Cheiranthus aridus was collected at Aztec by Baker. 2. Cheirinia desertorum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 125. 1913. Type tocatity: Near Hachita, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, June 16, 1906. RanaeE: Known only from type locality, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 8. Cheirinia inconspicua (S. Wats.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 323. 1912. Erysimum parviflorum Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 95. 1838, not Pers. 1807. Erysimum asperum inconspicuum 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 24. 1871. Typr tocaLiry: Diamond Valley, Nevada. Rana@e: New Mexico and Kansas and northward. New Mexico: Dulce; White Mountains; Cloudcroft. Upper Sonoran and Transi- tion zones. 4. Cheirinia asperrima (Greene) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 324. 1912. Cheiranthus asperrimus Greene, Pittonia 3: 133. 1896. Erysimum asperrimum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 141. 1906. Type Ltocaity: None given, but plains of Wyoming indicated. RanGE: South Dakota to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Las Vegas; Raton; Farmington; Ramah; Nara Visa; Sandia Mountains; Magdalena Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Organ Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains; Capitan Mountains. Hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. ‘ This and the next are the common plants of the middle elevations in the mountains of the State. Itis the plant which has-ordinarily passed as Erysimum asperum, but it is much slenderer than that species, the leaves are mostly entire, and the pods are usually less stout and are erect or ascending, never strongly divaricate. 5. Cheirinia elata (Nutt.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 323. 1912. Erysimum elatum Nuit.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 95. 1838. Cheiranthus elatus Greene, Pittonia 3: 135. 1896. TYPE Loca.ity: ‘‘Grassy situations by the banks of the Wahlamet.”’ Rance: North Dakota, Montana, and Washington, southward to the the mountains of Colorado and New Mexico, westward to California. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Organ Moun- tains; Jarilla Mountains; White Mountains. On hills, in the Transition Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 288 The species strongly resembles the preceding, but may easily be recognized by the elongated claws of the petals. Itsometimes branches somewhat profusely at the top, usually having but a single stem from a root. 6. Cheirinia wheeleri (Rothr.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 324. 1912. Erysimum wheeleri Rothr. in Wheeler, Rep. U. S. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 64. 1879. Erysimum asperum alpestre Cockerell, Bull. Torrey Club 18: 168. 1891. Cheiranthus wheeleri Greene, Pittonia 3: 135. 1896. Erysimum alpestre Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 277. 1901. Typr LocaLiry: Camp Grant, Arizona. Range: In the higher mountains of Arizona, New Mexico, ana Colorado. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Sierra Grande; Mogollon Mountains; Hanover Mountains; Sandia Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Upper Transition to Arctic-Alpine Zone. This is the slender species of our mountains in the coniferous timber. At the higher elevations the petals are nearly always reddish brown or maroon, drying purplish; lower down they are yellow or orange. The plant is 70 cm. high or less, with some- times 2 or 3 erect stems from a root. The siliques are the longest borne by any of our species, frequently 12 to 13 cm. long, slender, nearly terete, somewhat divaricate, but at first erect. 7. Cheirinia aspera (Nutt.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 39: 323. 1912. Cheiranthus asper Nutt. Gen. Pl. 2: 69. 1818. Erysimum asperum DC. Reg. Veg. Syst. 2: 505. 1821. Type Locatity: ‘‘On the plains of the Missouri, commencing near the confluence of White River.”’ Rane@e: Saskatchewan to Arkansas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Castle Rock; Vermejo Park. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 24. RADICULA Hiil. Glabrous or hispid annual or perennial herbs with yellow or white flowers; sepals flat, nearly equal at the base; petals short-clawed; siliques usually subterete, not com- pressed, short; style short and thick; valves one-nerved; seeds in two rows, not flat- tened. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Petals white; aquatic plant, immersed and rooting; leaves pinnate. 1. R. nasturtiwm- aquaticum. Petals yeilow; terrestrial or marsh plants; leaves pinnatifid. Perennials with rootstocks; leaf segments acute or acutish, the terminal one lanceolate. Segments of the leaves toothed; style 0.5 mm. long...... 2. R. sylvestris. Segments of the leaves entire; style 1.5 mm. long, Lic lao (VN 02S oc ee ee : 3. R. calycina. PORE DOG ACh. ee te ceca oo) ae oias ciee Sete =n 4. R. sinuata. Annuals or biennials; leaf segments obtuse, the terminal broadly oblong to ovate. Pods spherical. (Plants low, diffuse, glabrous).......--- 5. R. sphaerocarpa. Pods oblong or elongated, never spherical. Stems more or less hirsute...-..-----22-.--22--------- 6. R. hispida. Stems glabrous. Stems erect, sparingly branched; pods cylindric, 8 te dO: mam. lone och BS A ee 7. R. terrestris. Stems spreading or ascending, much branched; pods short-oblong or ovoid, 3 mm. long or Jones recto SSL ES Se sk Ole 8. R. obtusa. 984 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Radicula nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Britten & Rendle, Journ. Bot. Brit. & For. 14: 99. 1907. WATER CRESS. Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum IL. Sp. Pl. 657. 1753. Nasturtium officinale R. Br. in Ait. f. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 4: 110. 1812. Roripa nasturtium Rusby, Mem. Torrey Club 3: 5. 1893. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Europa & America septentrionali ad fontes.”’ Rance: Throughout most of temperate North America; also in Europe. New Mexico: Farmington; Pecos; Santa Fe; Las Vegas; Mogollon Mountains; Berendo Creek; Gilmores Ranch; Roswell. In streams, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. Radicula sylvestris (L.) Druce, Ann. Scott. Nat. Hist. 1906: 219. 1906. YELLOW CRESS. Sisymbrium sylvestre L. Sp. Pl. 657. 1753. Nasturtium sylvestre R.. Br. in Ait. f. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 4: 110. 1812. Tyre Locatity: ‘‘ Habitat in Helvetiae, Germaniae, Galliae ruderatis.’’ Rance: A native of Europe, introduced into many parts of North America, New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains. 3. Radicula calycina (Engelm.) Greene, Leaflets 1: 113. 1905. Nasturtium calycinum Engelm. in Warren, Prel. Rep. Nebr. Dak. 156. 1855-7. Roripa calycina Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 175. 1900. Type Locatity: ‘‘Sandy bottoms of Yellowstone River; Fort Sarpy to Fort Union.’’ Rance: Washington and Oregon to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Shiprock; Zuni; Cross L Ranch; Moriarity; Socorro; Mesilla; Patter- son; Ruidoso Creek. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 4. Radicula sinuata (Nutt.) Greene, Leaflets 1: 113. 1905. Nasturtium sinuatum Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 73. 1838. Roripa sinuata Hitche. Spr. Fl. Manhattan 18, 1894. Type Locatity: ‘“‘ Banks of the Oregon and its tributaries.”’ RanGE: British America to Arkansas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Coolidge; along the Rio Grande west of Santa Fe; Glorieta; N Bar Ranch; Chama; Sierra Grande. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 5. Radicula sphaerocarpa (A. Gray) Greene, Leaflets 1: 113. 1905. Nasturtium sphaerocarpum A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 6. 1849. Roripa sphaerocarpa Britton, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 170. 1894. TypPE Locatity: Low places along Santa Fe Creek, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 21). Rance: Illinois to Wyoming, California, and Arizona. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. Wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 6. Radicula hispida (Desv.) Heller, Muhlenbergia '7: 123. 1912. Brachylobus hispidus Desv. Journ. de Bot. 3: 183. 1814. Nasturtium hispidim DC. Reg. Veg. Syst. 2: 201. 1821. Roripa hispida Britton, Mem, Torrey Club 5: 169. 1894. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in Pennsylvania.’’ Ranae: British America to Arizona and Florida. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Pecos; Wheelers Ranch; Mimbres River; Mangas Springs. Wet ground, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. Radicula terrestris (R. Br.) Woot. & Standl. Sisymbrium amphibium palustre L. Sp. Pl. 657. 1753. Nasturtium terrestre R. Br. in Ait. f. Hort. Kew. ed. 2. 4: 110. 1812. Nasturtium palustre DC. Reg. Veg. Syst. 2: 191. 1821. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 285 Roripa palustris Besser, Enum, Pl. 27. 1821. Type Locauity: European. Rance: British America to California, New Mexico, and North Carolina; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Alamo Viejo (Mearns 12). 8. Radicula obtusa (Nutt.) Greene, Leaflets 1: 113. 1905. Nasturtium obtusum Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 74. 1838. Tyre Locauity: ‘Banks of the Mississippi.”’ Rance: British Columbia to California, Michigan, and Texas. New Mexico: San Juan Valley; Inscription Rock; Ramah; Mogollon Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains; Mesilla Valley. Wet ground. 25. SCHOENOCRAMBE Greene. Perennial glabrous green herb with long horizontal rootstocks; stems simple or branched, slender; cauline leaves linear, mostly entire; flowers rather large, yellow; siliques 3 to 6 cm. long, slender, terete, suberect, on short spreading pedicels. 1. Schoenocrambe linifolia (Nutt.) Greene, Pittonia 3: 127. 1896. Nasturtium linifolium Nutt. Journ. Acad. Phila. 7: 12. 1834. Erysimum linifolium Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. IL. 5: 622. 1895. TypE Locauity: ‘‘Head of Salmon River, in dry soils,’’ Montana. RANGE: Montana to British Columbia, Utah, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains (Matthews). 26. SISYMBRIUM L. An anomalous remnant which needs further study and generic segregation. The species here assembled show little relationship to each other. KEY TO THE SPECIES, Puiperesnec.ot branduem bain Sif 0) eee teat Se 1. S. diffusum. Pubescence of unbranched hairs, or none. Plants pubescent; flowers bright yellow; pedicels erect........ 3. 8. officinale leiocarpum. Plants glabrous; flowers white or ochroleucous; pedicels spread- ing or ascending. Plants:glaucous; leaves entire..............-.-.- Lae C oe an O. VESEY?. Plants green; leaves pinnatifid..:................0...-- 4. S. altissimum. 1. Sisymbrium diffusum A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 8. 1852. Type Locauiry: “‘Pass of the Limpia, in crevices of rocks on the mountains,” Texas. Type collected by Wright (no. 10). RANGE: Western Texas to California, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Hop Canyon; Mangas Springs; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Florida Mountains; Organ Mountains. Dry hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Sisymbrium vaseyi S. Wats. in A. Gray, Syn. FI. 11: 138. 1895. Thelypodium vaseyi Coulter, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 30. 1890, in part. Type LocaLiry: Mountains west of Las Vegas, New Mexico. Type collected by G. R. Vasey in 1881. RANGE: Mountains of New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains: Sandia Mountains; Graham; White and Sacramento mountains. Transition Zone. A handsome plant of the open parks at higher elevations in the mountains. Its masses of white flowers make ii very attractive, especially when, as often happens, it is combined with brighter colored flowers. 286 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 3. Sisymbrium officinale leiocarpum DC. Prodr. 1: 191. 1824. HrpGe musrarp, Type Locauity: ‘‘In Carolina merid. et Teneriffa.’’ New Mexico: Gilmores Ranch (Wooton & Standley 3642). A common introduced weed in many parts of North America, still rare in New Mexico. 4. Sisymbrium altissimum L. Sp. Pl. 659. 1753. Tyre Locauiry: “‘Habitat in Italia, Gallia, Siberia.” New Mexico: San Juan Valley. A native of Europe, widely introduced into the United States, a noxious weed in the Northwest. 27. SOPHIA Adans. TANSY MUSTARD. Annuals, more or less stellate-pubescent; leaves once, twice, or thrice pinnately parted into mostly small segments; flowers small, in terminal racemes; petals usually yellow, white in one species; racemes elongated in fruit; siliques from one-half to one and one-half times the length of the pedicels; seeds in apparently one row in some species, really from alternate funiculi from two lateral placentz in each cell, mostly in two evident rows. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Petals white; leaves nearly all thrice pinnately parted .........-- 1. S. ochroleuca, Petals yellow; leaves mostly once or twice pinnately parted. Plants appearing glabrous, really sparingly stellate-pubescent, green. Pedicels erect, like the pods, seemingly appressed to the PARTIR. 0. daictentedemeuttralophectos dle Seems 2. S. procera. Pedicels drversent: pods erect or curved. Inflorescence glandular-pubescent; pods longer than Zhe pedicels 2 SCS Moree aie oe ee es eer ae 3. S. incisa. Inflorescence merely sparingly Sa ee ae not glandular; pods shorter than the pedicels.. 4. S. serrata. Plants canescent, thickly and Damistantly stellate- ee grayish green. Plants tall, 80 to 120 cm.; segments of the leaves large, some of them obtuse; sepals yellow. Inflorescence glandular-pubescent, not canescent... 5. S. adenophora. Inflorescence canescent with stellate hairs, like the ; rest ‘of theiplants base ase eee eee 6. S. obtusa. Plants lower, 30 to 60 cm. high; leaf segments mostly very small; sepals purplish. Plants slender, sparingly branched; inflorescence lab TOUS Emm wero t stete oe ee Eee eee eee 7. S. glabra. Plants stout, much branched; inflorescence glandular or stellate-pubescent. Plants divergently much branched from the base; inflorescence strongly glandular, not stel- late-pubescent; petals equaling the sepals. 8. S. halictorum. Plants with more erect stems; inflorescence stel- late-pubescent, sometimes sparingly glan- dular; petals longer than the sepals. .....- 9. S. andrenarum. 1. Sophia ochroleuca Wooton, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 455. 1898. 7 Typr Locatity: Mesilla Park, New Mexico. Type collected by J. D. Tinsley. Rance: Southern New Mexico, probably also in adjacent Arizona and Mexico. EE WOOTON AND STANLDEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO; 287 New Mexico: Mesilla Valley; Grant County; Gray. Dry fields, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 4 This is acommon spring weed in the cultivated fields of the valleys of southern New Mexico. It is easily recognized by its finely dissected leaves and dull white flowers. 2. Sophia procera Greene, Pittonia 4: 199. 1900. Type Locatity: ‘‘Common in the open pine woods of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, at 8,000 or 9,000 feet altitude.’’ Rance: Mountains of New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah, and northward. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains. Transition Zone. A tall, green plant, 150 cm. high or more, with leaves not very finely dissected, resembling S. incisa, but with siliques and pedicels erect, thus bringing the pods close to the rachis. It comes into our range from the north and west, where it is apparently common. 8. Sophia incisa (Engelm.) Greene, Pittonia 3: 95. 1896. Sisymbrium incisum Engelm. in A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 8. 1849. TypE Locauity: ‘‘Banks of streams in New Mexico; Santa Fe Creek and Mora River.’’ Type collected by Fendler (nos. 29, 30, 31). Rance: Mountains of New Mexico, nortiowaed to Wyoming. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Chama; Mogollon Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Transition Zone. This and the next are the common species found on the timber-covered mountains, growing along streams, in the open parks, and in similar locations in the Transition Zone. 4. Sophia serrata Greene, Leaflets 1: 96. 1904. Type Locatiry: Black Range, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 1069). Rance: New Mexico. New Mexico: El Rito Creek; Stinking Lake; Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas moun- tains; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Carrizo Mountains; White Mountains. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. 5. Sophia adenophora Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 127. 1913. Type Locauity: Head and Wilson Ranch south of Mule Creek, northwestern Grant County, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, July 13, 1900. RANGE: Southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; San Augustine Plains. Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 6. Sophia obtusa Greene, Leaflets 1: 96. 1904. Type Locality: Black Range, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 1074). RanGE: Mountains of western New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. New Mexico: Gallup; Santa Fe; Silver City; Mogollon Mountains; Bear Mountain; Mimbres River; 8 miles west of Durfeys Well; Magdalena; Pescado Spring. At lower levels, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A tall canescent herb about 1 meter high, not uncommon in arroyos or along creeks in the western part of the State. 7. Sophia glabra Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 127. 1913. Type LocaLity: Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton & Standley, March 21, 1907. Rance: Organ Mountains of New Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 288 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 8. Sophia halictorum Cockerell, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 460. 1898. Tyre Ltocatity: Mesilla Park, New Mexico. Type collected by Cockerell. Rance: New Mexico and northward. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Sierra Grande; Aztec; Las Vegas; Zuni; mountains west of San Antonio; Organ Mountains; Mesilla Valley. Sandy valleys and dry plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. A low spreading canescent plant with purplish stems, inconspicuous flowers, finely divided leaves, even the uppermost pinnatifid, and copiously glandular-pubescent inflorescence. 9. Sophia andrenarum Cockerell, Bull. Torrey Club 28: 48. 1901. Type Locauity: Mesilla Park, New Mexico. Type collected by Cockerell. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to Colorado and Utah. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley; Gray. Dry fields, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 9a. Sophia andrenarum osmiarum Cockerell, Bull. Torrey Club 28: 48. 1901. Type Ltocauity: Mesilla Park, New Mexico. Type collected by Cockerell. RanGE: With the species. : New Mexico: Organ Mountains; Magdalena; mountains west of San Antonio; Mesilla Valley; Alamo Viejo. This is similar to the species, but the inflorescence is not glandular and is pubescent throughout with branched hairs. 28. DRYOPETALON A. Gray. Annual, 30 to 60 cm. high, with runcinate clustered radical leaves, few and smaller cauline ones, and corymbosely branching stems hispid below, ending in crowded racemes of bright white flowers; petals 6 mm. long, the limb pinnately 5 to 7-lobed; siliques terete, long and slender, crowded. 1. Dryopetalon runcinatum A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2:12. pl. 11. 1853. Type Locauity: Mountains, near Lake Santa Maria, Chihuahua. Type collected by Wright (no. 1314). RANGE: Southern Arizona and New Mexico and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains. Canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The species is known to us in New Mexico only from the Organ Mountains, where it is a common spring plant growing among the rocks. It should occur in the moun- tains of the southwestern corner of the State, and probably does, but no collector has been there at the proper time of the year to find it. 29. CONRINGIA Link. HARE’s-EAR MUSTARD. Tall glabrous annual with broad sessile entire clasping cauline leaves; flowers pale yellow; pods long, spreading, linear, 4-angled; seeds oblong, in 1 row in each cell. 1. Conringia orientalis (L.) Dum. Fl. Belg. 123. 1827. Brassica orientalis L. Sp. Pl. 666. 1753. Conringia perfoliata Link, Enum. Pl. 2: 172. 1822. Tyre Locatity: ‘‘Habitat in Oriente.’’ New Mexico: Des Moines (Standley 6215). A native of Europe, introduced into the United States. It seems to be well estab- lished in this one locality in New Mexico. 30. CAMELINA Crantz. FALsE FUAX. Erect pubescent annual with entire or slightly toothed leaves, the cauline ones with clasping auriculate bases; flowers small, yellow, racemose; fruit obovoid, slightly flattened; seeds several or numerous in each cell, marginless. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 289 1. Camelina microcarpa Andrzej.; DC. Syst. Veg. 2: 517. 1821. Type LocaLiry: European. Ranae: Native of Europe, introduced in waste ground in many parts of the United States. New Mexico: Pecos National Forest (Lowis Rudolph). 57. CAPPARIDACEAE. Caper Family. Annuals, 1 meter high or less, with watery juice usually of an unpleasant odor; leaves palmately trifoliolate; flowers rather large, in terminal crowded racemes; sepals 4; petals 4, entire or emarginate; stamens 6 or more, not tetradynamous, mostly long-exserted; fruit 1-celled, 2-valved, of various forms, sometimes long- stipitate, the valves separating from the filiform placente. KEY TO THE GENERA. Pods large, 3 to 7 cm. long, terete. Stamens 12 to 24; petals dull white; plants mostly clammy; pods sessile or short-stipitate.......... 1. PoLantstA (p. 289). Stamens 6; petals purplish or yellow; plants glabrous; PIS OHE-AblstiA bas oo See ec mle oa Siew ate Shs 2. Prerrroma (p. 290). Pods short, 1 cm. long or less, irregular (on long slender stipes; flowers yellow). Valves of the pods cymbiform or elongate-conic; pods SC Euih Slat a Sele 6 (Yt ata eas pe a Re ee RO 3. CLEOMELLA (p. 290). Valves of the pods ellipsoid, indurate, reticulate; pods eg E 0130 been Sinaia hy haan ace tee te le am 4. WisiizEntiA (p. 290). 1. POLANISIA Raf. CrAmMMy WEED. Coarse branching clammy viscid-pubescent herbs, 40 to 70 cm. high, with trifolio- late leaves and terminal crowded racemes of dull whitish flowers; stamens long- exserted, purplish; leaflets elliptic-obovate, entire, obtuse; inflorescence with crowded unifoliolate leaflike bracts; fruit 10 cm. long or less, terete, with numerous large seeds. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Petals 12 mm. long or less, often purplish; filaments not exceed- mpr2onment) seeds Tough. .A.9.) Mates Rec. 225 20: 1. P. trachysperma. Petals more than 15 mm. long, sulphur-yellow; filaments 35 to qu tone seeds Smooth... oO. Sees oe ae eden sce. 2. P. uniglandulosa. 1. Polanisia trachysperma Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 669. 1840. TypE Locatity: Texas. Rance: British America to Nevada, Texas, and Missouri. New Mexico: Farmington; Santa Fe; Zuni; Tucumcari; Sabinal; Albuquerque; Perico; Pajarito Park; mesa west of Organ Mountains. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Polanisia uniglanduiosa (Cay.) DC. Prodr. 1: 242. 1824. Cleome uniglandulosa Cav. Icon. Pl. 4: 3. pl. 386. 1797. Type Locauity: ‘Habitat in Nova-Hispania praesertim in Acapulco.”’ Rance: New Mexico and western Texas, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Burro Mountains; Mangas Springs; Black Range; Dog Spring; Organ Mountains; Three Rivers. Dry plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. A common plant of the drier mountains, the arroyos, and the sandhills of the south- ern part of the State. It is never very abundant in any one spot, but is rather widely distributed. 52576 °—15——-19 290 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 2. PERITOMA DC. Coarse glabrous branching annuals, 1 meter high or less; leaves alternate, trifolio- late; leaflets lanceolate to elliptic, acute or obtuse, entire; petals yellow, rose purple, or rarely white; stamens 6, long-exserted; pods stipitate, cylindric, 10 cm. long or less, with few or many large seeds. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Petals rose purple, rarely white; capsules 5 to 10 cm. long; seeds MUMETOUSES - Saeisse te. 2 SS RS FR eee ee 1. P. serrulatum. Petals yellow; capsules 2 cm. long or less; seeds 6 or fewer....... 2. P. breviflorum. 1. Peritoma serrulatum (Pursh) DC. Prodr. 1: 237. 1824. Rocky MountTAaIn BEE PLANT. Cleome serrulata Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 441. 1814. Cleome integrifolia Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 122. 1838. Type Locatity: ‘‘On the banks of the Missouri.” RanGE: Saskatchewan and Idaho to Arizona and Missouri. New Mexico: North of Gallup; Chama; Zuni; Santa Clara Canyon; Santa Fe; Las Vegas; Pecos; Folsom; Frisco; Gila; Mangas Springs; White Mountains. Hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. A common range weed, occupying considerable areas of land that has been over- stocked. The flowers supply large quantities of nectar, which fact gives the common name. Peritoma sonorae (A. Gray) Rydb. has been reported from New Mexico, but we have seen no specimens. It may be distinguished from P. serrulatum by its small pods, less than 15 mm. long, and by having its sepals distinct instead of united at the base. 2. Peritoma breviflorum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 16: 128. 1913. Tyre Locauity: Dry, stony hills about Shiprock, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley (no. 7282). Rance: Northwestern New Mexico and northeastern Arizona, probably in adjacent Utah and Colorado. New Mexico: San Juan Valley. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. ; 3. CLEOMELLA DC. Erect annual, 30 to 60 cm. high, with trifoliolate leaves; leaflets oblong or spatu- late-obovate; petals yellow; stamens 6, exserted; pods long-stipitate, several-seeded, the valves obliquely conic. ~~ 1. Cleomella longipes Torr. Journ. Bot. Kew Misc. 2: 255. 1850. Type Locauity: ‘‘Valley near San Pablo, Chihuahua, and near San Francisco, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.”’ Ml aah Rance: Western Texas to Arizona and Sonora. New Mexico: Dog Spring ( Mearns 2379). A rather uncommon plant of the Southwest. The peculiar small, 2-valved pod with conical valves and the long stipes serve to distinguish the genus from our others. 4. WISLIZENIA Engelm. Erect, much branched annual; leaves trifoliolate, the leaflets oblong to obovate; petals small, yellow; stamens 6, exserted; pods long-stipitate, small, 2-seeded, the valves ellipsoid, indurate, reticulate, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 291 1. Wislizenia refracta Engelm. in Wisliz. Mem. North. Mex. 99. 1848. Type Locauiry: ‘‘On the upper crossing of the Rio Grande, near El Paso,’’ Texas. RANGE: Western Texas and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Mesilla Valley. Dry fields, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. Occurs rather abundantly in the Rio Grande Valley in the extreme southern part of the State. It is readily recognized by the very small, 2-seeded, 2-valved fruit, each valve of which is indurated and reticulated, and closely invests the seed. 57a. RESEDACEAE. Mignonette Family. 1. DIPETALIA Raf. Low branching herb, somewhat succulent, with numerous linear entire leaves; flowers small and inconspicuous, in terminal spikes; sepals 4; petals 2, entire or lobed; stamens 3 to 8; pod 4-beaked, about 3 mm. in diameter, opening at the summit. 1. Dipetalia subulata (Webb & Berth.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 39. 1891. Resedella subulata Webb & Berth. Hist. Nat. Canar. 1: 107. 1836. Type Locauity: “Circa Portum Caprarum in insula Fuerteventura, et in Lancerotta circa oppidum Arecife.”’ RANGE: Southern California to western Texas, southward into Mexico; also in Asia and Africa. New Mexico: Near La Luz; Range Reserve, Dona Ana County. Alkaline soil. Order 27. ROSALES. : KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Flowers irregular. Fruit indehiscent, armed with spines; leaf blades simple; stipules wanting... .- 69. KRAMERIACEAE (jp. 336). Fruit a legume or loment; leaf blades com- pound; stipules usually present. Upper petals inclosed by the lateral ones MluneGade con eee ne ee 68. CASSIACEAE (p. 332). Upper petal inclosing the lateral ones athe DUG... < .cSanessetass Soe 70. FABACEAE (p. 336). Flowers regular or nearly so. Endosperm wanting or scant. Flowers moncecious, in dense clusters. .63. PLATANACEAE (p. 304). Flowers perfect or if not perfect not in capitate clusters. Carpels several or numerous or if solitary becoming an achene. Carpels distinct, free from the hypanthium; fruit of achenes, follicles, or drupelets..............-64. ROSACEAE (p. 305). Carpels united, inclosed by and adnate to the hypan- thium; fruit a pome..... 65. MALACEAE (p. 321). Carpels solitary, not becoming achenes. ~ Ovary 2-ovuled; fruit a drupe; leaves simple......----- 66. AMYGDALACEAE (p. 324). Ovary several-ovuled; fruit a legume; leaves pinnate..67. MIMOSACEAE (p. 327). 992 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Endosperm present, usually copious and fleshy; stipules usually wanting. Herbs. Carpels as many as the sepals; plants succulent...........- 58. CRASSULACEAE (p. 292). Carpels fewer than the sepals; plants seldom or never suc- culent. Staminodia wanting; carpels 2 or rarely 3, distinct or only partly united......59. SAXIFRAGACEAE (p. 294). Staminodia present; carpels 3 or 4, wholly united into a l-celled gyncecium....60. PARNASSIACEAE (p. 298). Shrubs or trees. Leaves opposite; fruit a leathery capsule, more or less adnate to the hypanthium........-.- 61. HYDRANGEACEAE (p. 298). Leaves alternate; fruit various. Fruit of thin-walled follicles, free from the hypan- thium. (Stipules pres- ent. Opulaster) ........64. ROSACEAE (p. 305). Fruit a berry; hypanthium adnate to and prolonged beyond the ovary....... 62. GROSSULARIACEAE (p. 301). 58. CRASSULACEAE. Orpine Family. Succulent herbaceous annuals or perennials, 30 cm. high or less, with flowers in cymes or l-sided racemes; flowers mostly perfect (except in one genus), symmetrical and regular; sepals and petals 5, the former somewhat united at the base; stamens 1%; carpels 5; follicles 1-celled, dehiscent along the ventral suture. KEY TO THE GENERA. Inflorescencesxillary. .. 2. .cioc2 oe). ee soa eee ww ole te es ole ORE NEAR Dene te Inflorescence terminal, cymose. Flowers yellow or purplish, never white, polygamous; plants usually 20 to 30 cm. high................ 2. R#op1oLa (p. 293). Flowers white or tinged with pink, rarely yellow, per- fect; plants usually less than 10 cm. high....... 3. Sepum (p. 293). 1. CLEMENTSIA Rose. Perennial, 10 to 30 cm. high, glabrous, with usually numerous stems; leaves flat, entire or toothed; flowers in axillary racemes or cymes, the petals rose or white, twice as long as the calyx; follicles erect, with spreading tips. 1. Clementsia rhodantha (A. Gray) Rose, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 3. 1903. Sedum rhodanthum A. Gray, Amer. Journ. Sci. II. 38: 405. 1862. Type Locatity: Rocky Mountains of Colorado. Rance: Montana to Arizona and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos Baldy (Bailey 614). Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 293 2. RHODIOLA L. Perennials with woody, somewhat branching, thickened rootstocks; leaves flat and comparatively thin; flowers dicecious or polygamous, 4 or 5-parted, in compact terminal cymes; carpels erect; styles very short or none. KEY TO THE SPECIES. 1. Rhodiola neomexicana Britton, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 38. 1903. Typr Locauity: White Mountain Peak, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton. RanaeE: White Mountains of New Mexico, in the Hudsonian Zone. 2. Rhodiola polygama (Rydb.) Britt. & Rose, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 39. 1903. Sedum polygamum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 283. 1901. TYPE LocaLity: West Spanish Peak, Colorado. Ranee: Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos Baldy; Baldy; Jemez Mountains. Transition and Arctic- Alpine zones. 3. SEDUM L. SToNEcRopP. Fleshy, mostly glabrous herbs, erect or decumbent, with alternate entire leaves and perfect flowers in terminal cymes; calyx 5-parted; petals 5, yellow, white, or pinkish; stamens 10; carpels 5, distinct; fruit consisting of 5 follicles. KEY TO THE SPECIES. RU CUO aac re a ws iota we din aes Hal oe eens oe PORES ape See 6. S. stenopetalum Petals white or piak. Menwen perete OF MeAnLY SO.2....2ssc52 ose sat eee + sccee = 1. S. stelliforme. Leaves oblong, lanceolate, or spatulate, flattened. Leaves lanceolate to ovate or oblong, broadest at or near pale ASO: 2226 oo en ee eee coh ak ns Duh Atte CORRERCLUUES Leaves spatulate to obovate, narrowed at the base. lates PIAD TOURS Aon ce an eee Re css ome oe 3. S. wrightii. Plants pubescent or puberulent-granular, at least above. Leaves turgid, the basal ones smooth.........--- 4. S. wootont. Leaves flattish, at least the basal ones papillose.. 5. S. griffithsii. 1. Sedum stelliforme S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 20: 365. 1885. Typrr Locality: Huachuca Mountains, southern Arizona, Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to Chihuahua. New Mexico: Hillsboro Peak; San Francisco Mountains; Mogollon Mountains. 2. Sedum cockerellii Britton, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 41. 1903. Tyre Locatity: Tuerto Mountain, east of Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Cockerell. RanGE: Known only from type locality. 8. Sedum wrightii A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 76. 1852. Type Locauity: “Hills near the San Pedro River, in crevices of rocks, and summit of mountains near E] Paso,’’ Texas. Rana@e: Western Texas and southern New Mexico to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Black Range; Eagle Creek, White Mountains. 994 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 4. Sedum wootoni Britton, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 3: 44. 1903. Type LocaLiry: Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Sandia Mountains; Hillsboro Peak; Organ Mountains; White Mountains. Rocky cliffs of the mountains, in the Transition Zone. 5. Sedum griffithsii Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 71. 1905. Type Locauiry: Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona. _ RANGE: Southern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Bear Mountain; Tularosa River, Socorro County; Burro Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains. Transition Zone. 6. Sedum stenopetalum Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 324. 1814. Sedum lanceolatum Torr. Ann. Lye. N. Y. 2: 205. 1827. Sedum stenopetalum rubrolineatum Cockerell, Bull. Torrey Club 18: 169. 1891. Type Locatity: ‘On rocks on the banks of Clarck’s river and Kooskoosky.”’ Raneae: Alberta and Nebraska to California and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Upper Pecos (Maltby & Coghill 183). 59. SAXIFRAGACEAE. Saxifrage Family. Perennial herbs with more or less scapelike flower-bearing stems; leaves mostly basal in a rosette about a shortened and thickened or slender and elongated axis; leaves simple, entire, toothed, or lobed, the cauline, when present, of slightly dif- ferent shape; flowers perfect, solitary or in simple or paniculately branched cymes; hypanthium usually well developed, of various shapes; flowers 5-parted, rarely 4-parted; stamens as many or twice as many as the sepals; gyncecium of 2 (rarely 3 or 4) carpels; ovary partially or wholly inferior; fruit of capsules or follicles. KEY TO THE GENERA. Placentz parietal, sometimes nearly basal. Flower stalk lateral from a stout scaly rootstock; gyncecium) 2-carpellary -.-- 2.2.2 3-2 522 nee 1. HeucHera (p. 294). Flower stalk axial from a slender bulbiferous root- stock; gyncecium 3-carpellary........-.--..-- 5. LirHopHRAGMA (p. 297). Placentz axial. Hypanthium well developed, accrescent, at ma- turity longer than the sepals; leaves 5-lobed.. 2. SaxirraGa (p. 296). Hypanthium only slightly developed, unchanged at maturity; leaves not lobed. Inflorescence scapiform, not leafy nor bracteate. 3. MicRANTHES (p. 296). Inflorescence leafy and bracteate.......---.-- 4. LEepTasEa (p. 297). 1. HEUCHERA L. Atum roov7. Cespitose perennials with mostly basal, broadly oval to rotund, cordate leaves arising from the thickened rhizomatous stems, these covered by the bases of the petioles; flowers in elongated, scapelike, narrow or spreading panicles, dull greenish white or rose-purplish; calyx tube turbinate or campanulate, the limb 5-parted; petals entire, small; stamens 5; styles 2; capsule 2-beaked, about half inclosed in the calyx tube. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 295 KEY TO THE SPECIES, Stamens much shorter than the sepals; flowers dull greenish white. Petioles not hirsute; hypanthium 2 to 3.5 mm. high....... 1. H. parvifolia. Petioles hirsute; hypanthium 3 to 5 mm. high. Petals spatulate, almost clawless, not exceeding the VENT GO epee ls ae eee oer nee 2. H. novomexicana. Petals obovate-spatulate, distinctly clawed, exceeding RIVOREE LOIRE a ea ae a tty a afahera na ce nope 3. HH. wootoni. Stamens longer than the sepals; flowers more or less rose-colored. Hypanthium deeply turbinate, fully twice as long as broad and nearly twice as long as the sepals.............-- 4. H. leptomeria. Hypanthium campanulate, turbinate only at the base, not more than half longer than broad and scarcely sur- passing the sepals. Hypanthium with the sepals 5 mm. long; plants tall, i. tor20tem. high? 22. os —.6 . 5. H. versicolor. Hypanthium 4 mm. ree or jee: one floss lee 15 em. high. Hypanthium 4 mm. long; inflorescence secund, rs LETTS Si MR ek an ol May A ees ane 6. H. pulchella. Hypanthium 3 mm. long; inflorescence not secund, LOSSY SS irs. se Vast See eee teed acemeen's 7. H. nana. 1. Heuchera parvifolia Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 581, 1840. Heuchera flavescens Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 114. 1905. Type Locality: ‘‘Blue Mountains of Oregon.’’ Rance: Oregon and Alberta to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Stinking Lake; Raton; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Magdalena Mountains; Organ Mountains. Damp woods, in the Transition and Cana- dian zones. This species and the next two usually occur in rich soil on cool shady hillsides under trees in the mountains of the State at middle or high elevations. They closely resem- ble each other in general appearance and are never very abundant or conspicuous. The type of H. flavescens was collected in Santa Fe Canyon (Heller 3693). 2. Heuchera novomexicana Wheelock, Bull. Torrey Club 17: 200. 1890. TypE Locatity: Santa Rita, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1098). RanGeE: Mountains of New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Santa Rita; Sawyers Peak; Rio Apache. Transition and Canadian zones. 8. Heuchera wootoni Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 113. 1905. Type Loca.ity: Gilmores Ranch, White Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 283). Rance: Damp woods, White and Sacramento mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. 4. Heuchera leptomeria Greene, Leaflets 1: 112. 1905. TYPE LocALity: Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, Sep- tember 17, 1893. RanGE: Moist slopes, Organ Mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. This pretty plant grows in crevices of rocks on bold rocky cliffs where there is water from a seep or spring. Its rootstocks are thick and crowded, bearing numerous radiating leaves and delicate pale rose-colored flowers. 296 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 5. Heuchera versicolor Greene, Leaflets 1: 112. 1905. Tyre Locauity: Damp shady bluffs in the Black Range, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Metcalfe (no. 1203). Rana@e: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Hillsboro Peak; Copper Mines; Mogollon Road. Transition Zone. 6. Heuchera puichella Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 16: 130. 1913. TYPE Loca.ity: Crevices of rocks on the summit of the Sandia Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 4, 1910. Rance: Mountains of central New Mexico. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; headwaters of the Pecos. 7. Heuchera nana (A. Gray) Rydb. N. Amer. FI. 22: 111. 1905. Heuchera rubescens nana A. Gray, Pl. Wright, 2: 64. 1853. TypE Locatiry: Santa Rita, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Frisco Canyon near Luna; Santa Rita. Mountains. 2. SAXIFRAGA L. A small herbaceous perennial less than 20 cm. high, the stems arising from a root- stock; leaves alternate, 5 to 7-lobed; inflorescence of a single terminal white flower and a cluster of bulblets; follicles mostly undeveloped. 1. Saxifraga cernua L. Sp. Pl. 403. 1753. Tyrer Locatity: ‘‘ Habitat in Alpibus Lapponicis frequens.’’ Rance: Arctic regions south to Labrador, and in the Rocky Mountains to northern New Mexico; also in the Old World. New Mexico: Top of Truchas Peak (Bailey 649). Arctic-Alpine Zone. 3. MICRANTHES Haw. Perennial acaulescent herbs with very short caudices and solitary or numerous scapes; leaves basal, long-petiolate or decurrent into a short and broad petiole; flowers small, white, on crowded or paniculately branched cymes; hypanthium flat, shorter than the calyx; follicles more or less divergent. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaf blades orbicular-reniform, on petioles several times as long; scapes 15 to 50 cm. high, widely branched above......-.-.- 1. M. arguta. Leaf blades lanceolate to ovate or oblong, on short petioles; scapes 25 cm. high or less, the inflorescence congested. Bracts, calyx, scape, and lower surface of the leaves dark pur- plishered:. inflorescence ppeni.c<.: 3S. 2s) spew eee ee 2. M. eriophora. Whole plant green; inflorescence compact..-......---------- 3. M. rhomboidea. 1. Micranthes arguta (D. Don) Small, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 147. 1905. Saxifraga arguta D. Don, Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. 18: 356. 1822. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat ad oras occidentales Americae septentrionalis.’’ RaNGE: British Columbia and Montana to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Mogollon Mountains. Wet slopes and along streams, Transition to Hudsonian Zone. 2. Micranthes eriophora (S. Wats.) Small, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 142. 1905. Saxifraga eriophora 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 1'7: 372. 1882. TyprE Locauity: Santa Catalina Mountains, Arizona. Ranae: Mountains of southern Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Peak (Wooton). Transition Zone. ae eee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 297 3. Micranthes rhomboidea (Greene) Small, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 136. 1905. Saxifraga rhomboidea Greene, Pittonia 3: 343. 1898. Type Locauity: Colorado Rocky Mountains. Rance: Montana to New Mexico. New Mexico: Wheeler Peak; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. Moist ground, Transition to Arctic-Alpine Zone. 4. LEPTASEA Haw. More or less matted herbaceous perennials, with well developed leafy caudices and leafy flower stalks a few centimeters high; leaves simple, alternate, thickish, often clustered at the base; flowers few or rather numerous; sepals 5; petals 5, usually clawed, white or yellow; stamens 10; ovary mostly superior; carpels united to above the middle; follicles erect with spreading tips. KEY TO THE SPECIES, Petals white, dotted with yellow and purple................- 1. L. austromontana,. Petals yellow. ene plades Spine tipped. < \< 6 os sooo ce ete eanw cies xuic 2. L. flagellaris. Leaf blades not spine-tipped...............-.0...00000-: 3. L. chrysantha. 1. Leptasea austromontana (Wiegand) Small, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 153. 1905. Saxifraga austromontana Wiegand, Bull. Torrey Club 27: 389. 1900. Saxifraga cognata KE. Nelson, Bot. Gaz. 30: 118. 1900. Tyre Locauity: Not definitely stated. Rance: Alberta and British Columbia to Washington, Montana, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Hillsboro Peak; White Moun- tains. Damp cliffs, in the Transition and Hudsonian zones. 2. Leptasea flagellaris (Willd.) Small, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 154. 1905. Sazifraga flagellaris Willd.; Sternb. Rev. Saxifr. 25. 1810. TYPE LocaLity: Caucasus. RanGE: Arctic regions, south in the Rocky Mountains to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Baldy; Wheeler Peak; Pecos Baldy. Arctic-Alpine Zone. 3. Leptasea chrysantha (A. Gray) Small, N. Amer. Fl. 22: 152. 1905. Sazifraga chrysantha A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 83. 1877. Tyrer Locauity: ‘‘High alpine region of the Colorado Rocky Mountains, especially abundant on Torrey’s and Gray’s peaks.”’ RANGE: Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Wheeler Peak; Truchas Peak; Pecos Baldy; Bartlett Ranch; Mountains, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 5. LITHOPHRAGMA Nutt. Slender perennial with low simple stems and bulblet-bearing rootstocks; leaves mostly basal, ternately divided, the divisions again subdivided; hypanthium cam- panulate; petals white, clawed, digitately cleft, longer than the sepals; stamens 10, included; gyneecium 1-celled, 3-valved. 1. Lithophragma australis Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 86. 1905. Tyrer Locatity: Rocky hillsides, Cedar Creek, Arizona. Ranae: Wyoming to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Hills near Tierra Amarilla (Eggleston 6442, 6579). Open slopes, in the Transition Zone. 298 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 60. PARNASSIACEAE. Flower-of-Parnassus Family. 1. PARNASSIA L. Fiower-or-Parnassus. Glabrous perennial herbs with short rootstocks and scapiform stems; leaves entire, mostly basal and petioled, the single cauline leaf sessile; flowers solitary, terminating the scape; sepals 5, green; petals5, white, conspicuously veined; stamens 5, alternate with the petals and with the 5 clusters of gland-bearing staminodia; capsule 1-celled, with 3 or 4 valves; seeds numerous, winged. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Petals fimbriate on the sides near the base..............----------- 1. P. jfimbriata. GUUS CNEITCNs foro e ya's co's vac aie aim, sien je Sie pe eae mnie opti che a eee ae dep 1. Parnassia fimbriata Koénig, Ann. Bot. Kon. & Sims 1: 391. 1805. Typr Locatitry: ‘‘On the coast of northwest America.’’ Rance: Alaska and Alberta to California and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Truchas Peak (Standley 4768). Wet ground, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 2. Parnassia parviflora DC. Prodr. 1: 320. 1824. Tyre Locatity: North America. RanGE: British America to South Dakota, Utah, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Rio Pueblo; headwaters of the Pecos; White Mountains. Wet ground, in the Transition Zone. 61. HYDRANGEACEAE. Hydrangea Family. Low or tall widely branching shrubs with opposite branches; leaves opposite, exstip- ulate, simple, more or less persistent, entire or toothed; flowers perfect, with mostly conspicuous white or yellowish petals, solitary or cymose; calyx of 4 or 5 sepals sur- _ mounting the hypanthium; stamens numerous, the filaments slender or sometimes stout, then appendaged; ovary partly inferior; fruit a woody capsule. KEY TO THE GENERA. Flowers in cymes, very numerous; sepals and petals 5; stamens 10. Plants large, often 2 meters high; leaves large, {HOOF YEG Leics SS eat es RIL lay a TES 1. Epwrta (p. 298). Plants small, depressed; leaves small, entire....... 2. FENDLERELLA (p. 299). Flowers solitary or in 2 or 3-flowered clusters; sepals and petals 4 or 5, usually 4; stamens 8 or numerous (15 to 60). Filaments appendaged; flowers uniformly 4-parted; ptamendci®sms sao 63 oh sic ete See 3. FENDLERA (p. 299). Filaments not appendaged; flowers occasionally 5- parted;/stamiens:15: to 60"..2 2.2 -2eFi eet et 4. PHILADELPHUS (p. 300). 1. EDWINIA Heller. A rather large shrub, often 2 meters high, with opposite branches and brownish, partly deciduous bark; leaves deciduous, thin, ovate, petiolate, serrate, 10 cm. long or less, bright green above, pale or whitish-tomentulose beneath; flowers in crowded cymes, white, 5-parted. BER As aa aS Ew WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 299 1. Edwinia americana (Torr. & Gray) Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 477. 1897. Jamesia americana Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 593. 1840. Type Locality: ‘‘Along the Platte or the Canadian River, near the Rocky Moun- tains.”’ RANGE: Wyoming to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Jemez Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Manzano and Sandia mountains; Magdalena Mountains; San Mateo Mountains; Mogollon Moun- tains; White and Sacramento mountains. Mountains, in the Transition and Canadian zones. This shrub is common along the mountain streams, often with its roots in running water. It also occurs high up on the mountain peaks. While well worth cultivation, it is doubtful whether it would endure the conditions of the ordinary garden. 2. FENDLERELLA Heller. A low, much branched shrub 50 to 60 cm. high, with grayish young branches and small lanceolate leaves 1 cm. long or less; flowers small, about 5 mm. long, white, in cymose several-flowered clusters; hypanthium decidedly turbinate; capsule consid- erably exceeding the calyx. 1. Fendlerella cymosa Greene, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 129, 1913. Tyrr Locality: Huachuca Mountains, southern Arizona. Rance: Arizona and New Mexico to northern Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains; San Andreas Mountains. Dry slopes, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. FENDLERA Engelm. & Gray. Shrubs 2 meters high or less, much branched, with grayish bark, rather small leaves, and white or pink-tinged flowers borne in great profusion; leaves entire, mostly sessile; flowers 4-parted; filaments of the 8 stamens flattened and with 2 narrow appendages at the top extending beyond the anthers. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves narrow, linear-elliptic or narrowly linear-lanceolate, usually fateate, plabrous or nearly 80..222 5222. Dee Shoe Se eae 1. F. falcata. Leaves broader, elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, not falcate, copiously pubescent. Leaves more or less white-tomentose beneath.................. 2. F. tomentella. Leaves green beneath, not tomentose................--------- 3. F. rupicola. 1. Fendlera falcata Thornber, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 129. 1913. Type Locatity: Tunitcha Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley (no. 7806). RANGE: Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Cedar Hill; Carrizo Mountains; Embudo; Cloudcroft. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Fendlera tomentella Thornber, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 129. 1913. TypE LocaLity: Canyon of the Blue River near Coopers Ranch, Graham County, Arizona. Rance: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Hurrah Creek; Mangas Springs. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 800 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAI HERBARIUM. 3. Fendlera rupicola A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 77. 1852. Type Locaity: ‘‘On perpendicular rocks of the Guadalupe, above New Braunfels,”’ Texas. Rance: Arizona to western Texas and southward. New Mexico: Magdalena Mountains; Sandia Mountains; Burro Mountains; Ani- mas Mountains; Big Hatchet Mountains; Florida Mountains; Organ Mountains; Gray. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A beautiful shrub, occurring in the drier mountains of the State, among rocks. It has never been cultivated, so far as we can learn, but it is certainly as handsome as the commonly grown species of Philadelphus. 4. PHILADELPHUS L. Mock oraAnae. Freely branching shrubs 2.5 meters high or less, mostly with conspicuous white flowers; leaves small, 2 cm. long or less, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate; flowers on short pedicels, mostly solitary; sepals and petals 4, rarely 5; stamens numerous, 15 to 60; ovary about two-thirds inferior. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Petals acute, ochroleucous; stamens about 15.................... 1. P. mearnsii. Petals rounded at the apex, white; stamens 25 to 60. Hypanthium externally glabrous to strigose................-- 2. P. microphyllus. Hypanthium densely pubescent, silvery white. Leaves hirsute beneath, the pubescence loose, the blades 20 to So mE: IONS. .4.< oo eer ee a eae eee 3. P. argyrocalyz. Leaves silky-strigose beneath, the pubescence close and dense, the blades 10 to 15 mm. long............... 4. P. argenteus. 1. Philadelphus mearnsii W. H. Evans; Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 174. 1905. Type Locatity: Near the Upper Corner Monument, Grant County, New Mexico. Type collected by E. A. Mearns (no. 36). RaNnGE: Known only from the type locality. 2. Philadelphus microphyllus A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 54. 1849. Type Locatity: Santa Fe Creek, on sunny and steep sides of the mountains, between rocks, 11 miles above Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 266). RaneeE: Southern Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Santa Fe Mountains; Sandia Mountains; moun- tains west of Grants Station; Magdalena Mountains; Hillsboro Peak; San Mateo Moun- tains. Open slopes, in the Transition Zone. This species and the next two should do well in cultivation at levels of 1,500 meters or more, in open porous soils, if supplied with sufficient water. 3. Philadelphus argyrocalyx Wooton, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 452. 1898. Philadelphus ellipticus Rydb. N. Amer, Fl. 22: 174. 1905. Type LocaLity: On Eagle Creek, in the White Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 524). Ranae: White and Sacramento mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. There seems to be no essential difference between the types of P. argyrocalyx and P. ellipticus. The type of the latter bears on its label the legend ‘‘Mesilla Park.” This certainly is wrong, for no Philadelphus is found nearer Mesilla Park than in the Organ Mountains 10 or 12 milesaway. No such plant as is represented by the type of P. ellipticus has ever been found in the Organs by either of the writers. However, the type of Dr. Rydberg’s species exactly matches a specimen collected by Wooton on Ruidoso Creek in the White Mountains, June 30, 1895. Comparing the two specimens ee Ne eS ee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 301 in every respect, there is practically no doubt that the two are part of the same col- lection from near the type locality of P. argyrocalyx. Evidently some mistake was made in sending out the specimen which became the type of the new species, resulting in the mixing of labels. 4. Philadelphus argenteus Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 171. 1905. Tyre Locauity: Fort Huachuca, Arizona. RanGeE: Southeastern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Burro Mountains; Santa Rita; Animas Peak. 62. GROSSULARIACEAE. Gooseberry Family. Erect or spreading shrubs, often with bristly or spiny stems; leaves alternate, simple, petiolate, broadly ovate to rotund, usually palmately veined, more or less jobed and toothed; inflorescence terminal on short, lateral, sometimes leafless branches, racemose, or the raceme reduced to a single flower; flowers regular, perfect (rarely unisexual); hypanthium elongated, short, or obsolete; sepals, petals, and stamens 5, alternate; ovary 1-celled; fruit a berry. KEY TO THE GENERA. Stems without spines or bristles (except in R. montigenum); pedicels jointed beneath the ovary; fruit breaking OEE WAG PCOICCles 2 aan Ss ssid ode eas . ett tee ape eee ness e en's sal wn, 22; Ge SEMEL Upper internode of the style sparingly short-hairy, the lower glandular-puberulent; petals 4 to 5 mm. long.......... 3. G. oregonense. 1. Geum rivale L. Sp. Pl. 501. 1753. Type Locauiry: ‘‘ Habitat in Europae pratis subhumidis.”’ Rance: British America to New Jersey and New Mexico; also in Europe. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. Damp woods, in the Transi- tion Zone. 2. Geum strictum Ait. Hort. Kew. 2: 217. 1789. Type Locauity: ‘‘North America.”’ Rance: British America to Pennsylvania, Missouri, and Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Rio Pueblo; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; White and Sacramento mountains. Damp thickets, in the Transition Zone. 8. Geum oregonense Scheutz, Nov. Act. Soc. Sci. Upsal. 7: 26. 1869. Tyrer Locauity: ‘‘ Habit. in regioni Oregonensi.’’ RanGE: British America to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. Damp ground, in the Transition Zone. 14. FALLUGIA Endl. ApacHE PLUME A much branched evergreen shrub | to 2 meters high, with slender white branches and small, fascicled, cuneate-obovate, pinnately divided, hispidulous leaves; divi- sions of the leaves narrowly oblong, obtuse, revolute; flowers numerous, the inflores- cence somewhat corymbosely branched and the floral leaves reduced to bracts; hy- panthium hemispheric, with several linear-lanceolate bracts alternating with the ovate, abruptly long-acuminate sepals; petals 5, broadly obovate to rotund, white; stamens numerous; achenes numerous, obovoid-fusiform, long-tailed. 318 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Fallugia paradoxa (Don) Endl. Gen. Pl. 1246. 1840. Sieversia paradoxa Don, Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14: 576. 1825. Fallugia paradoxa acuminata Wooton, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 306. 1898. Fallugia micrantha Cockerell, Ent. News 1901: 41. 1901. Fallugia acuminata Cockerell, Proc. Acad. Phila. 1903: 590. 1903. TYPE LocALITy: Mexico. Ranae: Colorado and Utah to Arizona, Texas, and Mexico. New Mexico: Espanola; Las Vegas; Albuquerque; Santa Fe; Pajarito Park; Magda- lena Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; mountains west of San Antonio; Big Hatchet Mountains; Animas and San Luis mountains; Las Cruces; Organ Moun- tains; White Mountains; Guadalupe Mountains. Chiefly in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A common shrub in the drier mountains and arroyos, especially in the southern part of the State, where it is a valuable forage plant much browsed by cattle, sheep, and goats. Itis well worth cultivation for decorative purposes since it grows rapidly and produces an abundance of white flowers as large as apple blossoms, while the clusters of plumose fruits, first greenish and later reddish tinged, which remain on the plant for some time, are almost as beautiful as the flowers. The type of F. paradoxa acuminata was collected on the mesa near Las Cruces and that of F. micrantha is from the same locality. The native name is ‘‘pofiil.’’ 15. COWANTIA Don. Spreading shrub, 1 to 2 meters high, with small pinnate cuneate-obovate glandular crowded leaves and solitary flowers; leaves 10 to 15 mm. long, glabrate above, tomen- tose beneath, the oblong segments with revolute margins; hypanthium turbinate, tomentose and glandular-pubescent; sepals 5, broadly ovate, densely tomentose, glandular on the back; petals broadly obovate, pale yellow; achenes about 5, densely villous, plumose-tailed, the tail sometimes 3 to 5 cm. long. 1. Cowania stansburiana Torr. in Stansb. Expl. Great Salt Lake 386. pl. 3. 1853. Tyrer LocAuity: Stansburys Island, Salt Lake, Utah. Rance: Utah and Colorado to New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains; Coolidge; Thoreau; Bear Mountain; Animas Creek; Aragon. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 16. PURSHIA DC. A low, intricately branched shrub with small fascicled tomentose cuneate crenate leaves and solitary flowers terminating short branches; hypanthium turbinate; sepals ovate, obtuse; petals small, obovate, yellow; fruit fusiform, pubescent, long-tailed. 1. Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot.12: 158. 1817. Tigarea tridentata Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 333. 1814. Kunzia tridentata Spreng. Syst. Veg. 2: 475. 1825. Type tocauity: ‘In the prairies of the Rocky Mountains, and on the Columbia River.”’ Rance: Washington and Montana to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: From Dulce westward to the Tunitcha and Carrizo mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 17. CERCOCARPUS H. B. K. Mountain MAHOGANY. Shrubs 1 to 4 meters high with stout, rather widely branched stems and hard brittle wood; leaves simple, fascicled, small; flowers solitary or fascicled with the leaves, inconspicuous; hypanthium tubular, 1 cm. long or less, persistent; sepals dull whitish, small; corolla wanting; stamens numerous, in 2 or 3 rows, deciduous with the calyx; WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 319 fruit a terete or fusiform, densely villous achene, terminating in a long, slender, variously bent and curved, plumose tail sometimes 5 cm. long. The species of this genus furnish not a little forage for cattle, sheep, and goats which browse upon them at all seasons of the year.. On some of the rockier, drier mountains of the southern part of the State, they are important parts of the scrubby underbrush and furnish much of the firewood. The seasoned wood is very hard and brittle and has a specific gravity near 1. It is so hard that it is difficult to chop with an ax, but so brittle it may be broken easily. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves large, 3 or 4cm. long, coarsely toothed. Pubescence of the petioles and flowers appressed, silky...-. 1. GC. argenteus. Pubescence of the petioles and flowers spreading, not silky.. 2. C. montanus. Leaves small, 2 cm. long or less, entire, or with a few inconspicu- ous and very small teeth near the apex. Pubescence of the petioles and flowers spreading, loose; up- per surface of the leaves mostly soft-pubescent..-..-- 3. C. paucidentatus. Pubescence appressed, silky; upper surface of the leaves glabrous, or with a few silky, appressed hairs......... 4. C. breviflorus. 1. Cercocarpus argenteus Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 422. 1913. TypE LOcALITy: Rocky bluffs on Red River, Randall County, Texas. RanGE: Colorado to Texas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Cedar Hill; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Raton Mountains; Chama; Folsom; Sandia Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains; Capitan Mountains. A decoction of the root of this shrub, along with juniper ashes and the powdered bark of the alder, was formerly used by the Navahos in dying wool red. 2. Cercocarpus montanus Raf. Atl. Journ. 146. 1832. Cercocarpus fothergilloides H. B. K. err. det. Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 198. 1828, Cercocarpus parvifolius Nutt.; Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey Voy. 337. 1840. Type Loca.ity: ‘‘On the Rocky Mountains.”’ Rance: Montana and South Dakota to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Dulce; Coolidge; Thoreau; Sandia Mountains; Cross L Ranch; Glorieta. Hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 3. Cercocarpus paucidentatus (S. Wats.) Britton, Trans. N. Y. Acad. 14: 31. 1894. Cercocarpus parvifolius paucidentatus 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 17: 353. 1882. Type LocaLity: San Miguelito, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. RANGE: Western Texas to Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Common from the Mogollon Mountains to the Capitan Mountains and south to the Mexican border. Dry hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Cercocarpus breviflorus A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 54. 1853. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Sides of mountains near Frontera,’’ Texas. Type collected by Wright (no. 1057). Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Lake Valley; Kingston; San Luis Mountains; San Andreas Moun- tains; Queen; Organ Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. @ 18. RUBUS L. RaAspBerry. Prickly shrubs, 1 meter high or less, with 5 to 7-foliolate leaves and white flowers; stems of the first season erect, armed with straight prickles; leaves of the flowering branches with fewer leaflets; leaflets ovate to rhombic-lanceolate, serrate or crenate, 320 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. the terminal sometimes lobed, green above, white-tomentose beneath; fruits red or black, juicy, with a pleasant taste and odor. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Fruit black; leaflets crenate; achenes keeled on the back; stems PIAUCOUS. 2-2 cee acne ne nals a eb sees Ae vhm Seen ialaee eee eee 1. R. bernardinus. Fruit red; leaflets incised-serrate; stems not glaucous............. 2. R. arizonicus. 1. Rubus bernardinus (Greene) Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 444. 1913. BLACK RASPBERRY. Melanobatus bernardinus Greene, Leaflets 1: 244. 1906. Type Locauity: Mill Creek Falls, San Bernardino Mountains, California. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico to southern California. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains (Rusby 123). This specimen is referred here with some doubt by Doctor Rydberg. 2. Rubus arizonicus (Greene) Rydb. N. Amer. Fl. 22: 446. 1913. RED RASPBERRY. Batidaea arizonica Greene, Leaflets 1: 243. 1906. TYPE LOCALITY: San Francisco Mountains, Arizona. RaAnGE: Mountains of Arizona, New Mexico, and southern Colorado. New Mexico: Common in all the higher mountains from the Black Range and White Mountains northward. Transition Zone. The common wild raspberry of middle elevations in the mountains, growing in large patches on the hillsides among the pines. The fruit is abundantly produced and much appreciated by the people of the region, who gather the berries in quantity for table use. It is also one of the favorite foods of the bears. 19. RUBACER Rydb. TureBLe-BERRY. A low unarmed perennial, 30 to 60 cm. high, with mostly herbaceous stems arising from a woody base, bearing few large 3 to 5-lobed leaves; flowers white, 3 to 5 cm. broad; calyx densely tomentose; sepals long-acuminate; fruit large, red, pleasantly flavored. 1. Rubacer parviflorus (Nutt.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 275. 1903. Rubus parviflorus Nutt. Gen. Pl. 1: 308. 1818. Rubus nutkanus Moc.; DC. Prodr. 2: 566. 1825. Bossekia parviflora Greene, Leaflets 1: 211. 1906. Tyrer Locauiry: ‘“‘Island of the Michilimackinack, Lake Huron.’’ Rance: Alaska to California, New Mexico, and Lake Superior. New Mexico: Common in the higher mountains from the Mogollon and Sacramento mountains northward. Woods, in the Transition and Canadian zones. A common and conspicuous plant in the higher mountains, rather handsome with its large white flowers. It often completely covers the ground in the deep woods. The fruits are of good quality, but so few are borne on a single plant that picking them is a tedious task. 20. OREOBATUS Rydb. Unarmed branching shrubs, 1 meter high or less, with 3 to 5-lobed stipulate leaves and brownish shredded bark; hypanthium flat, not bracteolate; sepals bréadly ovate, with elongated tips, accrescent, loosely inclosing the fruit; flowers white, conspicuous; fruit fleshy or soon dry. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 321 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Petals 20 to 35 mm. long; leaves not lobed or with mostly 5 shallow lobes, the teeth very acute. . 4 ois . 1. O. deliciosus. Petals less than 20 mm. long; leactes eacieronle 3- fared ‘the teeth mostly obtuse. Leaves glabrous on the upper surface, small, usually 30 to 40 mm. long, not conspicuously reticulate-veined; pubescence of the petioles short and close........... 2. O. rubicundus. Leaves soft-pubescent on both surfaces, large, 40 to 65 mm. long, conspicuously reticulate-veined; pubescence of the petioles loose and spreading........-.....-----. 3. O. neomexicanus. 1. Oreobatus deliciosus (Torr.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 275. 1903. Rubus deliciosus Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 196. 1828. Bossekia deliciosa A. Nels. in Coulter, New Man. Rocky Mount. 250. 1909. Type Locauity: ‘On the Rocky Mountains,”’ Colorado. Rance: Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande (Howell 208, Standley 6078). Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. Oreobatus rubicundus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 130. 1913. TypPE Locauity: Van Pattens Camp in the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley, June 16, 1906. RANGE: Canyons in the Organ Mountains of southern New Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Oreobatus neomexicanus (A. Gray) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 30: 275. 1903. Rubus neomexicanus A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 55. 1853. Type Locauity: Mountain sides at the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1061). RanGE: Southwestern New Mexico and southern Arizona. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; Animas Mountains; San Luis Mountains. Canyons in the mountains, Upper Sonoran Zone. 21. VAUQUELINIA Correa. Large shrub or small tree with coriaceous persistent serrate leaves and corymbose flowers; stipules small, deciduous; hypanthium short-turbinate; sepals 5, persistent; petals 5; stamens 15 to 25; capsule woody, of 5 follicles coherent at the base; seeds 2 in each cell, winged. 1. Vauquelinia californica (Torr.) Sarg. Gard. & For. 2: 400. 1889. Spiraea californica Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 140. 1847. Vauquelinia corymbosa Torr. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 64. 1859. Type Locatiry: High mountains near the Gila, Arizona. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico to southern California, south into Mexico. We have seen no specimens of this from New Mexico, but Dr. E. A. Mearns states that it is found rather sparsely in Guadalupe Canyon at the southwest corner of the State. 65. MALACEAE. Apple Family. Trees or shrubs with alternate simple or pinnately compound leaves having fugacious stipules; flowers regular, in racemes or cymes; hypanthium mostly spheroidal, adnate to the 1 to 5-celled ovaries; petals and sepals 5; stamens usually many, distinct; fruit a pome with papery, bony, or leathery carpels. 52576°—15 21 322 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. KEY TO THE GENERA, Cavities of the ovary becoming twice as many as the styles by a partial or complete false partition; flowers racemose or corymbose. Styles 5; flowers yacemose.—. 52... =: teen eee 1. AMELANCHIER (p. 322). Styles 2; flowers solitary, or sessile in 2 or 3-flowered COTpANS ee se eee ne ca pe eRe ee 4, PERAPHYLLUM (p. 324). Cavities of the ovary not divided, as many as the styles; flowers in corymbiform cymes. Leaves simple, lobed; ovules 1 in each carpel........ 2. CRATAEGUS (p. 323). Leaves pinnate; ovules 2 in each carpel......-....-- 3. Sorsus (p. 324). 1. AMELANCHIER L. Servicer Berry. Shrubs or small trees, 1 to 2 meters high, with alternate, simple, mostly rather coarsely serrate, small leaves and white flowers in racemes terminating short branches of the year; stamens numerous, all borne on the hypanthium, the latter adnate to the inferior ovary; fruit berry-like. The fruits of the native service berries were a favorite food among the Indians in earlier days. They were eaten fresh or were dried and preserved for winter use. They are insipid in all the species. Those of the species which grow at lower levels are nearly dry and consequently useless for food. KEY TO THE SPECIES. ieeuves acitish, oblonp-oVvales...-. <0 2h s6 ban aet. oe eee eee eees 1. A. rubescens. Leaves obtuse to truncate, broader. Mature leaves finely pubescent, at least beneath. Leaves crenate, pubescent on both surfaces............--- 2. A. crenata. Leaves sharply serrate, pubescent beneath.............-- 3. A. bakeri. Mature leaves glabrous or loosely villous, never finely pubes- cent. Whole plant perfectly glabrous.............- -sese-. 4. A. polycarpa, Bud scales, and usually the oe PSS Se Mature leaves glabrous, conspicuously cordate, crenatesto the base cee. ci. eee eee ae ee 5. A. goldmanii. Mature leaves with loose pubescence beneath and often above, not cordate or but slightly so, often cuneate, usually entire below the middle. Peis. to 15 mm. longs. 3602... ce se eee mee 7. A. mormonica. Petals 8 mm. long or less. Leaves thin, bright green; calyx lobes shorter than the fruit, not foliaceous.......... 6. A. oreophila. Leaves thick, coriaceous, pale green or eine cescent; calyx lobes longer than the fruit; folaceous iyi t tae ae eee ae 8. A. australis. 1. Amelanchier rubescens Greene, Pittonia 4: 128. 1900. Type LOCALITY: In arroyos and among the hills about Aztec, New Mexico. Type collected by Baker (nos. 380, 381). Rance: Southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Western San Juan County; Kingston. Dry hills, in the Upper Sono- ran Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 323 2. Amelanchier crenata Greene, Pittonia 4: 127. 1900. Type Locauiry: On rock declivities near Aztec, New Mexico. Type collected by Baker (no. 377). Rance: Northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Northern San Juan County. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 8. Amelanchier bakeri Greene, Pittonia 4: 128. 1900. TypE Locauity: Los Pinos, southern Colorado. RANGE: Southwestern Colorado and western New Mexico, probably in eastern Arizona. New Mexico: Magdalena Mountains; Silver City; Bear Mountain; Canjilon. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. 4. Amelanchier polycarpa Greene, Pittonia 4: 127. 1900. Typr LocaLity: Piedra, southern Colorado. Rance: Wyoming to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Zuni Mountains; Chama; Stinking Lake. Damp woods, in the Transition Zone. 5. Amelanchier goldmanii Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 131.1913. TyPE LOCALITY: Copper Canyon, Magdalena Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by E. A. Goldman in 1909. Rance: Mountains of western New Mexico. New Mexico: Copper Canyon; Mogollon Mountains. 6. Amelanchier oreophila A. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 40: 65. 1905. Type Locatity: Evanston, Wyoming. Rance: Northern New Mexico to Colorado and Wyoming. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. 7. Amelanchier mormonica ©. Schneid. Handb. Laubh. 1: 740. 1906. Tyre Locauity: Mormon Lake, Arizona. Ranae: Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Dulce; Sandia Mountains; Chama; Tunitcha Mountains. Hillsides, in the Transition Zone. 8. Amelanchier australis Standley, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 26: 116. 1913. TypE LocALity: Ropes Spring, San Andreas Mountains, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Wooton, September 23, 1912. RANGE: Known only from type locality, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. CRATAEGUS L. Hawrnorn. Shrubs or small trees with stout spiny stems, simple, alternate, toothed or lobed leaves, and white flowers in corymbs; hypanthium urceolate, adnate to the ovary; sepals 5, persistent; petals 5, spreading; stamens 5 to 10; fruit small, drupaceous, containing 2 to 5 bony 1-seeded carpels. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Spines short, 2 cm. long or less, not very numerous; leaves mostly Pea AA ah oo hal. chorea Het Maa ates Hea 0 ca 4 2 1. C. rivularis. Spines longer, 4 cm. or more, commonly numerous; leaves broader, at least some of them more or less lobed. Leaves elliptic-ovate, rather coarsely serrate, some of them with a few larger lobelike teeth, the smaller teeth gland- tipped; leaves cuneate at the base-................... 2. C. erythropoda,. Leaves broadly ovate, with 3 or 4 pairs of broad lobes, finely serrate or doubly serrate with straight teeth, not gland- tipped; base of leaves truncate. ............-.«-----0. 3. C. wootoniana. 324 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Crataegus rivularis Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 464. 1840. Type Locauity: ‘‘Oregon, along rivulets in the Rocky Mountains.”’ Rance: Western Wyoming to Utah and Idaho, south to New Mexico. New Mexico: Upper Negrito Creek (Wooton). Stream banks, in the Transition Zone. 2. Crataegus erythropoda Ashe, N.C. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 175: 113. 1900. MANZANA DE PUYA LARGA. Crataegus cerronis A. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 34: 370. 1902. Type Locauity: Foothills of the Cache le Poudre Mountains, northern Colorado. Rance: Wyoming to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; Ponchuelo Creek; El Rito Creek; Chama. Stream banks and canyons, in the Transition Zone. 3. Crataegus wootoniana Eggleston, Torreya 7: 236. 1907. Tyre Locauity: Head of Little Creek, Mogollon Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 584). Rance: Mountains of central and southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; White Mountains. 3. SORBUS L. Mountain asu. Shrub 1 to 3 meters high with pinnate leaves and white flowers in compound cymes; hypanthium urceolate or turbinate; leaflets 11 to 15, 3 to4 cm. long, oblong-lanceolate, serrate, glabrous; sepals 5; petals 5, spreading, short-clawed; stamens 20; styles 3 to 5, distinct, woolly at the base; fruit a berry-like pome. 1. Sorbus scopulina Greene, Pittonia 4: 130. 1900. Type Locauity: Santa Fe Canyon, New Mexico. Type collected by Heller (no. 3711). RanGE: British America to Washington, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Zuni Mountains; Manzano Mountains; Tunitcha Mountains; Santa Fe Mountains. Damp woods, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 4. PERAPHYLLUM Nutt. Shrub 1 to 2 meters high, the small, narrowly oblanceolate, serrulate or entire, short-petiolate leaves fascicled at the ends of the branchlets; flowers solitary or in 2 or 3-flowered umbels, pale rose color; fruit globose, crowned with the persistent calyx lobes. 1. Peraphyllum ramosissimum Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 474. 1838. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘ Dry hillsides near the Blue Mountains of the Oregon.”’ Rance: Dry hillsides, Oregon and California to Colorado and northwestern New Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. We have seen no specimens of this from New Mexico, but it occurs abundantly along the railroad below Durango, Colorado, just above the New Mexico line. Dr. David Griffiths states that he has collected fruit of this plant near Farmington. The fruit is shaped like a small crab apple, and is yellow tinged with purple. The juice is very bitter. 66. AMYGDALACEAE. Almond Family. Trees or shrubs with alternate, petiolate, simple, mostly serrate leaves and fuga- cious stipules; bark, leaves, and seeds bitter with prussic acid; flowers perfect, soli- tary, fascicled, corymbose, or racemose; hypanthium mostly spheroidal, free from the simple solitary ovary; sepals and petals 5; stamens mostly numerous; fruit a drupe. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 325 KEY TO THE GENERA. Flowers in long racemes, on short leafy branches of the year.. 1. Papus (p. 325). Flowers in corymbs or umbels, on short stems of the previous year, preceding the leaves. Stone of the fruit flattened, with more or less acute edges.. 2. Prunus (p. 327). Stone of the fruit spheroidal, little or not at all flattened.. 3. Crrasus (p. 327). 1. PADUS Borckh. CHOKECHERRY. Large shrubs or small trees with smooth dark-colored bark; flowers numerous, in elongated racemes terminating short leafy branches of the year; hypanthium sphe- roidal, sometimes campanulate; sepals 5, short, persistent or deciduous with a part of the hypanthium; petals white, with the numerous stamens on the throat of the hypanthium; carpels solitary; ovary 1-celled, 2-ovuled; drupe small, usually 1 cm. in diameter or less, astringent, not glaucous. The fruits of these trees and shrubs were eaten by the Indians. They lack the astringent flavor of the eastern chokecherries. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Calyx persistent in fruit. Young branches densely tawny-pubescent; young fruit pu- DERGOUL AS RE Saperte aoa teak Sve. Pht deri 4k tt 1. P. rufula. Young branches and. innit glabrous. « : 2320! = scene's. geese - 2. P. virens. Calyx deciduous soon after anthesis. Hiamis clabrous thronehout.c 1.5. -cge~6-cccen2 Sem= ac secs 3. P. melanocarpa. Plants pubescent on the peduncles, petioles, and lower surface of the leaves. Leaves not glaucous beneath at maturity, of about the same color on) both sumacesascesscaseciee «© ecine =e 4. P. pumicea. Leaves pale beneath at maturity. Pedicels longer than the fruit, slender; seeds 8 to 10 PUM WN CLAMOLEL. ac. sence ee ec siae nial e & 5. P. mescaleria. Pedicels shorter than the fruit, stout; seeds 7 mm. in diameter or less. Pedicels glabrous; racemes slender; leaves ellip- tic, narrowed at the base; buds narrowly lanceolatelim omtlimelsaseeee eee ae aoe 6. P. calophylla. Pedicels pubescent; racemes stout; leaves ob- long to ovate or obovate, rounded to sub- cordate at the base; buds ovoid. ........ 7. P. valida. 1. Padus rufula Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 16: 132. 1913. TyPE LocaLity: On the West Fork of the Rio Gila, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 6, 1900. Rance: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona, and adja- cent Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Black Range. 2. Padus virens Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 132. 1913. Tyre Locauity: Van Pattens Camp in the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley, June 6, 1906. Rance: Southern New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; Bear Mountains; San Francisco Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; Burro Mountains; Kingston; White and Sacramento mountains. Canyons and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 326 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. In the Organ Mountains this species occurs in abundance in the opening of the can- yon in which Van Pattens Camp is located, growing along with Quercus grisea and Q. arizonica. Attempts have been made to use the trees as stocks for grafting various fruits, but they have been unsuccessful. The material from the western part of the State may represent a different species. This plant is usually much smaller, only a tall shrub, and its leaves are narrower, thicker, not so bright a green, and on shorter petioles. 3. Padus melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Shafer in Britt. & Shaf. N. Amer. Trees 504. 1908. Cerasus demissa melanocarpa A. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 34: 25. 1902. Prunus melanocarpa Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 143. 1906. Type Locauity: Rocky Mountains. RanGE: British Columbia and Alberta to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Zuni Mountains; Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Raton Mountains; Magdalena Mountains; Sierra Grande; Sandia Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Damp woods, especially along streams, chiefly in the Tran- sition Zone. The species, if all our material represents a single one, shows considerable varia- tion, possibly because of altitude. At the lower levels in the northern part of the State it is a shrub 2 or 3 meters high with very large fruit. Higher up, at Winsors Ranch, it is a very low shrub, usually with cnly a single stem in a place, not more than 50 to 60 cm. high. Mature fruit could not be secured at the higher levels, so that it is impossible to tell whether there is any substantial difference between the two plants in that feature. 4. Padus pumicea Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 133.1913. Type Locatity: Craters, Valencia County, New Mexico. Type collected by Woo- ton, July 28, 1906. Rance: Mountains of western New Mexico. New Mexico: Craters; mountains south of Canjilon. From all our pubescent species this differs in having the leaves of about the same color on both surfaces. The fruits, too, are very few and the pedicels remarkably short. The branches are densely furnished with leaves, so that in general appearance this is unlike any of our other choke cherries. 5. Padus mescaleria Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 134. 1913. TypE Locauity: On Tularosa Creek near the Mescalero Agency, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 6, 1901. Rance: White Mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. The most distinctive features of this are the long pedicels, glabrous racemes, large seeds, and rather narrow deep green leaves, strongly glaucous beneath. 6. Padus calophylla Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 134. 1913. TypPE LOCALITY: Five miles west of Chloride, New Mexico. Type collected by E. A. Goldman (no. 1768). Rance: Mountains of northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: West of Chloride; Tunitcha Mountains; Santa Fe Canyon. ‘Transi- tion Zone. 7. Padus valida Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 16: 134. 1913. TYPE LocALity: Canyons near Kingston, Sierra County, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Metcalfe (no. 1243). Rance: Mountains of western New Mexico. New Mexico: Kingston; Magdalena Mountains. Transition Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 327 2. PRUNUS L. Ptuvum. Low, treelike or spreading shrubs, 3 meters high or less, forming thickets; branches stout, rigid, somewhat spiny; bark grayish; leaves sharply serrate; flowers white, produced before the leaves; fruit ellipsoidal, red, the stone flattened, acute on both edges. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves pubescent beneath; petals 4 to 6 mm. long.........-......- 1. P. watsoni. Leaves glabrous; petals 8 to 16 mm. long .......--....-......-.-- 2. P. americana. 1. Prunus watsoni Sarg. Gard. & For. 7: 134. f. 25. 1894. SAND PLUM. Prunus angustifolia watsoni Waugh, Rep. Vt. Agr. Exp. Sta. 12: 239. 1899. TyPE LocAuity: Ellis, Kansas. Rance: Nebraska to Texas and eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Nara Visa (Fisher 205). Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Prunus americana Marsh. Arb. Amer. 111. 1785. WILD PLUM, Typr Locauity: Not definitely stated. Rance: Montana and New York to Florida and New Mexico. New Mexico: Taos; Pecos; Farmington; White Mountains. In some parts of the State this plum is almost certainly native; in other places it may have been introduced. At Taos the trees are abundant and the fruit is gathered by the Indians. At Farmington the small trees are very numerous along some of the irrigating ditches. Some similar species has escaped rather abundantly near Mesilla. 8. CERASUS L. CHERRY. A small slender tree 3 to 4 meters high, with smooth purplish or reddish brown bark, slender virgate branches, and corymbose white flowers; leaves 3 to 5 cm. long, oblong- elliptic, slightly attenuate to the base, acute or abruptly short-acuminate, crenulate, on petioles 1 cm. long or less; corymbs about 4-flowered; hypanthium campanulate, glabrous; petals small, white; fruit ovoid, red; stone ovoid. 1. Cerasus crenulata Greene, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 18: 56. 1905. Typr Locatity: West Fork of the Gila, Mogollon Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 587). Rance: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Hillsboro Peak. Transition Zone. The fruits when ripe are a bright cherry red, ellipsoidal, 1 cm. long or less, and de- _cidedly acid as well as somewhat astringent. 67. MIMOSACEAE. Mimosa Family. Shrubs or suffrutescent perennials with usually spiny stemsand bipinnate leaves with usually numerous small leaflets; flowers regular, small, in axillary pedunculate heads or spikes; calyx 4 or 5-parted (sometimes wanting in Acuan); corolla of 4 or 5 distinct or united petals; stamens 5 to 10 or numerous, distinct or united; fruita more or less flattened, dehiscent or indehiscent legume. KEY TO THE GENERA. Stamens numerous, always more than 10, distinct or monadelphous. Corolla gamopetalous, tubular; stamens monadel- phous; low plants with unarmed stems... -- 1. CALLIANDRA (p. 328). Corolla polypetalous; stamens distinct; plants more GEES Boia oe ee iaiacin eras we arcana sale men ale 2. Acacta (p. 328). 828 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Stamens 5 or 10, distinct. Flowers 5-merous; anthers tipped with a gland; pods indehiscent; large shrubs. Pods spirally coiled; flowers yellow........--- 3. StrRomBOCARPA (p. 329). Pods elongated, not coiled; flowers greenish... 4. Prosopis (p. 330). Flowers 4 or 5-merous; anthers not gland-tipped; pods dehiscent; shrubs or herbs. Leaves sensitive; pods more or less 4-sided; plants decumbent... 2... jan - aio 5. Moronera (p. 330). Leaves not sensitive or at most very tardily so; pods flat; plants erect or spreading, not decumbent. Plants without spines; stems mostly herba- COOUB! sg. seich. ck gs eanee ese onsen 6. ACUAN (p. 330). Plants armed with numerous short re- curved triangular spines; shrubs wath woody stems. _.....Be2stie26- 7. Mrosa (p. 331). 1. CALLIANDRA Benth. Low herbaceous or woody perennials without spines, 30 cm. high or less; flowers in globose heads; corolla gamopetalous, elongate-tubular; stamens numerous, monadel- phous, long-exserted; pods flattened, straight or slightly curved, the valves elastically revolute from apex to base. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Steme woody shrouchouts. 2he..\.1c..). oo. Sete eee ee ee oo cies sles 1. C. eriophylla. Stems herbaceous, sometimes woody at the base. Leaflets 2 or 3 mm. long, pilose; pinnz 4 or more pairs....-.-- - 2. C. humilis. Leaflets 5 to 10 mm. long, glabrous or nearly so; pinne 1 or 2 Pads! PIONS... Pe SOS Re OS. Se 3. C. reticulata. 1. Calliandra eriophylla Benth. Lond. Journ. Bot. 3: 105. 1844. Calliandra chamaedrys Engelm. in A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 39. 1849. TypE Locauity: ‘‘Mexico; Chila in the district of Pueblo.”’ Rance: Western Texas to Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Southern Grant County. 2. Calliandra humilis Benth. Lond. Journ. Bot. 5: 103. 1846. Calliandra ? herbacea Engelm. in A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 39. 1849. TYPE LOCALITY: Zacatecas, Mexico. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Kingston; San Luis Mountains; Santa Rita; Sandia Mountains. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. The type of C. herbacea was collected by Fendler between San Miguel and Las Vegas. 8. Calliandra reticulata A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 53. 1853. TypE Locatity: Stony hills at the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1045). Rance: Southern New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila; Santa Rita. Dry hillsides. 2. ACACIA LL. Acacta. Shrubs or low trees with armed or smooth stems and numerous very small leaflets; flowers small, regular, in spikes or heads on axillary peduncles; corolla valvate, of 4 or 5 similar petals; stamens numerous, distinct, exserted; pods flattened or terete, 2-valved, dehiscent. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 329 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Flowers in elongated spikes; pods flat, 15 to 20 mm. wide, curved; Spier shorhandahookedan: Joe ese eest i tk keelkd 1. A. greggii. Flowers in globose heads; pods terete, or if flat less than 10 mm. wide, straight; spines straight and slender or none. Spiny shrub 1 meter high or more; flowers bright yellow, sweet-scented; pods terete, constricted between the SESS te ae a: Bebe fperet tn Meret 2S alls 6 2. A. constricta. Unarmed shrubs less than 1 meter high; flowers whitish, odorless; pods flat and thin. Leaflets 8 to 13 pairs, obtuse; inflorescence nearly always sete ee eee ene ee Mire ee ements Ga: A CUSDUGILES Leaflets 18 pairs or more, acute; inflorescence becoming paniculate, sometimes axillary..................-. 4. A. filicioides. 1. Acacia greggii A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 65. 1852. TypsE LocaLity: Western Texas. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Redrock; Lone Pine; Carlisle; west of Roswell. Lower Sonoran Zone. 2. Acacia constricta Benth.; A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 66. 1852. TyPE LOCALITY: Prairies near the source of the San Felipe, western Texas. RANGE: Southwestern Texas to southern New Mexico and Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Redrock; Big Hatchet Mountains; mesa west of Organ Mountains; Carlsbad; La Luz Canyon; Lakewood. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 2a. Acacia constricta paucispina Woot. & Standl. Bull. Torrey Club 36: 105. 1909. TYPE LocALIry: On Animas Creek, in the Black Range, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Metcalfe (no. 1123). New Mexico: Animas Creek; Organ Mountains; Carlisle; Burro Mountains; Hills- boro. Upper Sonoran Zone. This is a larger plant with fewer spines and larger, much less glandular, more pubes- cent leaves and young stems, occurring usually at slightly higher levels than the species. It is found in western Texas and southern Arizona as well. 3. Acacia cuspidata Schlecht. Linnaea 12: 573. 1838. Type Locauity: ‘Prope Mexico.”’ Ranae: Western Texas to southern Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Black Range; Mangas Springs; Organ Mountains; Dog Spring; Hanover Mountain. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Acacia filicioides (Cav.) Trel. Rep. Ark. Geol. Surv. 4: 178. 1891. Mimosa filicioides Cav. Icon. Pl. 1: 55. pl. 78. 1791. Type Locauiry: ‘Habitat in Mexico.”’ . RANGE: Missouri and Kansas to Texas and Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains; near White Water. Dry hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 3. STROMBOCARPA A. Gray. ScrREW BEAN. TORNILLO. A tall, gracefully spreading shrub 5 meters high or less, branching from the base, with dense dark-colored wood; leaves small, with 1 or 2 pairs of pinnz; leaflets 5 to 8 pairs, short-oblong; stipular spines rigid, 2 cm. long or less, whitish; flowers yel- low, in crowded spikes; pod an indehiscent, spirally coiled legume. 330 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Strombocarpa pubescens (Benth.) A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 60. 1852. Prosopis pubescens Benth. Lond. Journ. Bot. 5: 82. 1846. Type Loca.ity: ‘‘California between San Miguel and Monterey.” RanGE: Western Texas to Arizona and California. New Mexico: Socorro; Animas Creek; Mesilla Valley. River valleys, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. This is one of the common large shrubs of the river valleys of the southern part of the State, where it is everywhere known under its Spanish name of “‘tornillo.’’ The larger stems or trunks serve very well for fence posts and the wood is also extensively used for fuel, being the best for this purpose found at the lower levels. The pods contain a large amount of sugar and are very sweet when chewed. 4. PROSOPIS L. MesaquitTe. A much branched shrub 3 meters high or less, seldom larger, with rigid tough stems bearing large stipular spines; leaves with 1 or 2 pairs of pinnz and numerous oblong entire leaflets; flowers small, greenish yellow, in axillary spikes; fruit an indehiscent, slightly compressed, straight or falcate legume. 1. Prosopis glandulosa Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 192. 1828. TYPE Locauity: “‘On the Canadian?,’’ New Mexico. Rance: Arizona and New Mexico to Oklahoma and Texas. New Mexico: Common from the Black Range to Socorro, and Tucumcari and southward across the State. Plains and river valleys, in the Lower and Upper Sono- ran zones. This is one of the best known plants of the arid southwest and in southern New Mexico is of great economic importance. The flowers furnish the best of nectar for honey making. The leaves and pods are eaten by all kinds of grazing animals. The pods, too, on account of their sugar content, are often eaten when ripe by the native people. The large roots and thickened bases of the stems furnish the best fuel of the region. The legumes and seeds were collected by the Indians, who ground them and formed the meal into a sort of bread. 5. MORONGIA Britton. SENSITIVE BRIER. Decumbent perennial with recurved prickles on leaves and stems; flowers pink, in a globose head; pod narrow, 4-sided, 4-valved, spiny. 1. Morongia occidentalis Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16:135. 1913. TYPE Loca.ity: Sandy soil at Logan, New Mexico. Type collected by G. L. Fisher (no. 93). RANGE: Known only from type locality. © 6. ACUAN Medic. Suffrutescent or herbaceous perennials with unarmed herbaceous stems and numer- ous small leaflets; flowers in axillary pedunculate heads, greenish white; calyx some- times pappiform or wanting; stamens 5 or 10, the anthers not gland-bearing; fruit a flattened dehiscent legume, straight or arcuate. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Stamens 5; plants tall, erect; pinne 10 to 14 pairs; pods arcuate, in a crowded -headlike .cluster.isi.2. 2203: . A ASR SORES 1. A’ allinoensis. Stamens 10; plants low, spreading; pinnz 3 to 6 pairs; pods straight, IOWEN, GiyMmeR ey. 5.2. Soe ee ae eee ee 2. A. jamesii. Acuan velutina was reported from Santa Rita in the Botany of the Mexican Bound- ary, but the specimens upon which the report is based seem to be A. jamesii. EEN ee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. ea 1. Acuan illinoensis (Michx.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 1: 158. 1891. Mimosa illinoensis Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 254. 1803. Acacia brachyloba Willd. Sp. Pl. 4: 1071. 1806. Desmanthus brachylobus Benth. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4: 358. 1842. Type Locauity: ‘‘Hab. in pratensibus regionis Illinoensis.”’ RanGeE: Minnesota to Florida, Colorado, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Socorro; Sabinal; Mesilla Valley; Roswell; Lakewood; Dayton; Perico. River valleys, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 2. Acuan jamesii (Torr. & Gray) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 158. 1891. Desmanthus jamesit Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 402. 1840. Tyre Locaity: ‘‘Sources of the Canadian River,’’ Colorado or New Mexico. Type collected by James. Rance: Oklahoma and Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Rio Zuni; Mogollon Mountains; Kingston; Silver City; Organ Pass; west of Roswell; Gray; Nara Visa, Redlands; Knowles; Buchanan. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. MIMOSA L. Cart-ciaw. Low shrubs, the stems armed with hooked spines; leaflets small; flowers in spikes or heads, small; sepals and petals 5; stamens 10, distinct; fruit a flattened pod, armed or unarmed, sometimes constricted between the seeds. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Ptawerannl spied. Ue 2a: 5. 22. Sse eas eS atre sale Saar oe Serene anes 1. M. dysocarpa. Flowers in spherical heads, yellow or pink. Pinne 4 to 7 pairs, pubescent. Young stems not flexuous, somewhat virgate; pods usually not constricted between the seeds, straight.......--- 2. M. lemmoni. Young stems flexuous; pods more or less constricted between the seeds, conspicuously arcuate..........--------- 3. M. biuncifera. Pinne | to 3 pairs, glabrous. PGUHMOTe Gr CRS Apu. 2 225052 «ce coke ents Ane Sat oh ta 4. M. borealis. IE Same RES SS SUELY cette er kA ea EY Seda ed SS 5. M. fragrans. 1. Mimosa dysocarpa Benth.; A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 62. 1852. Type Locauity: ‘‘Mountain valleys in the Pass of the Limpia, and beyond,”’ Texas. Rane@e: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Fort Bayard; Animas Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Little Burro Mountains. Upper Sonoran Zone. A rather uncommon species in the southwestern part of the State in the lower moun- tains. The spikes of pink flowers and the yellow young stems are characteristic. The young pods are densely velutinous. 2. Mimosa lemmoni A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 19: 76. 1883. Type Locaurty: Near Fort Huachuca, southern Arizona. Rance: Southern Arizona and New Mexico, south into Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains. Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Mimosa biuncifera Benth. Pl. Hartw. 12. 1839. Type Locatiry: Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: From the Black Range to the Organ and Guadalupe mountains and southward. Dry plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A common shrub about 1 meter high, occurring in the foothills and canyons of the drier and rockier mountains of the southern part of the State. The young stems are ya CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. browsed to a small extent by cattle, but their thorns are so sharp and strong that they are mostly avoided. 4. Mimosa borealis A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 39, 1849. Type Locauity: ‘‘Hillsides, Upper Spring, on the Cimarron.’’ Type collected by Fendler (no. 181). Rance: Northern and eastern New Mexico and western Texas. New Mexico: Upper Cimarron; Logan; Lincoln; Nara Visa. Mountains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Mimosa fragrans A. Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 6: 182. 1850. Type Locaity: ‘‘ Rocky soil, on the Pierdenales,’’ western Texas. Rance: Western Texas and eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Guadalupe Mountains (Wooton). Dry hills and canyons, in tne Upper Sonoran Zone. A not uncommon shrub, 1 to 1.5 meters high, in the mountains of the southeastern part of the State, where it is browsed by cattle, sheep, and goats. The trunk is stout, and the branches rigidly divaricate. The bark is gray and the leaves very small. In herbarium specimens it closely resembles the preceding species, but it is a much more rigid and grayer plant, and the pods are spiny on the margins. 68. CASSIACEAE. Senna Family. Herbaceous or shrubby annuals or perennials with pinnate or bipinnate, alternate, usually stipulate leaves; flowers perfect, slightly irregular; calyx of 5 more or less united sepals; petals 5, yellow, imbricated, the upper one innermost in bud; stamens 10 or fewer, distinct; pistil simple, the ovary 1-celled, becoming a legume in fruit; seeds usually several. KEY TO THE GENERA. Leaves bipinnate. Low herbaceous plants 30 cm. high or less.....-. - 1. HorrMaNnSsEGGIA (p. 332). Large shrub over 1 meter high............-...---- 2. PoINncIANA (p. 334). Leaves once pinnate. Corolla almost regular; some of the stamens abor- tive; calyx lobes obtuse. : £2 .2cs22 5282: 3. Cassta (p. 334). Corolla irregular, the lower petals noticeably long- est; all 10 stamens functional; calyx lobes ACUMINATE = eee es Ce eee ite ee eee 4, CHAMAECRISTA (p. 335). 1. HOFFMANSEGGIA Cay. Low herbaceous perennials from tuberous roots or a thickened woody base, the bipinnate leaves with very small leaflets; plants more or less glandular, especially on the flowers and fruit (one species without glands); flowers yellow or the stamens red, in naked racemes, terminal, or opposite the leaves; sepals and petals 5; stamens 10; pods flattened, with few or several seeds. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Calyx not oblique at the base; sepals all alike; plants without sessile black glands. Plants stipitate-glandular, the inflorescence densely so; pods straight or but sughtly curved........-.-.-...------- 1. H. densiflora. Plants not glandular; pods strongly falcate.........---..---- 2. H. drepanocarpa. Calyx oblique at the base; lower sepals broadest; plants covered with sessile black glands. Pods xhombic-ovates. oes. va eee me eae ae ly eae 3. H. brachycarpa, Podaisublumatersce sec kee ee ea ee ie See ete been ete arereee 4. H. jamesit. ee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 330 1. Hoffmanseggia densiflora Benth.; A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 55. 1852. CAMOTE DE RATON. Hoffmanseggia stricta Benth.; A. Gray, op. cit. 56. 1852. Hoj/manseggia stricta demissa Benth.; A. Gray, loc. cit. Hoffmanseggia stricta rusbyi Fisher, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 1: 144. 1892. TypE Locauity: Valley of the Pecos, Texas. Type, Wright’s no. 148. RANGE: Southwestern Texas, southern New Mexico and Arizona, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Tucumcari; Los Lunas; Socorro; Deming; Tularosa; Alamogordo; Hillsboro; Roswell; Carlsbad; Mangas Springs; Animas Valley; Hachita; Mesilla Val- ley; Nogal. Plains and river valleys, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. This species is common in hard alkaline soils in the lower valleys, especially in locations which are flooded occasionally. The small, ellipsoidal or spheroidal tuberous roots 2 to 4 cm. long, which give it its common name, are produced 15 to 30 em. below the surface, on slender tough roots. They are rather sweet and of not unpleasant flavor, although tough. They are commonly eaten by the Indians. The various subspecies which have been proposed are probably forms caused by varying quantities of water received by the plants at different times of the year. They can all be found in a small patch of the species by careful search. Bentham himself observed that H. densiflora was perhaps too near H. demissa, and Doctor Gray in publishing it reduced H. demissa of Bentham’s manuscript to H. stricta demissa. It is unfortunate that he should have published these two forms before the H. stricta, which is really the typical form of the plant, whose name is distinctive of its most characteristic difference from H. falcaria Cav. But according to the rules of priority the name densiflora must stand. The type of H. falcarta rusbyi was collected by Rusby at Mangas Springs. 2. Hoffmanseggia drepanocarpa A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 58. 1852. Type Locatity: ‘‘New Mexico, or between Texas and E] Paso.’’ Rance: New Mexico to southern California. New Mexico: Acoma; Socorro; Mangas Springs; Organ Mountains; Guadalupe Mountains; Lake Valley; Knowles. Dry hills, in the Upper and Lower Sonoran zones, 8. Hoffmanseggia brachycarpa A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 55. 1852. Typr Locauitry: ‘“‘New Mexico.’’ Type collected by Wright in 1851. Rance: Southern New Mexico, southwestern Texas, and probably adjacent Mexico. We have seen no specimens from New Mexico, but it is included here on the strength of the citation of the type, for which no number is given. Wright’s later collections oi the same species are from Texas east of the Pecos. It is possible that the original citation is incorrect, as Doctor Gray was indefinite in this citation, while he was usually very particular about this point. 4. Hoffmanseggia jamesii Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 393. 1840. Pomaria glandulosa Cav. err. det. Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 193. 1828. Type Locauity: ‘Sources of the Canadian River,’? probably in New Mexico. Type collected by James. RANGE: Colorado to Texas, Arizona, and Mexico. New Mexico: Farmington; Zuni Reservation; Kennedy; Tijeras Canyon; Sabinal; mesa near Las Cruces; Gage; Clayton; Buchanan; Redlands. Sandy hills and plains, in the Upper and Lower Sonoran zones. This is the common black-glandular species, occurring mostly in sandy soil, the branching leafy stems arising from a thickened woody root often 10 to 20 cm. long and 3 cm. thick. The dull yellow flowers and sublunate pods are distinctive. 334 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 2. POINCIANA L. Brrp-or-PARADISE FLOWER. 1. Poinciana gilliesii Hook. Bot. Misc. Hook. 1: 129. pl. 34. 1830. Caesalpinia gilliesti Wall. Bot. Misc. Hook. 1: 129. 1830. Type Locauity: “ Prope Rio Quarto et Rio Quinto, et apud La Punta de San Luis. Abundat circa Mendozam, Americae Meridionalis.’’ An ill-smelling, erect, sparingly branched shrub with green stems 2 to 3 meters high; leaves large, bipinnate, with very numerous small leaflets; inflorescence of terminal racemes of large yellow flowers with long-exserted, bright red stamens and pistil. It is one of the commonest ornamental plants in gardens, especially in the southern part of the State and is frequently escaped. 38. CASSIA L. SeEnwna. Shrubs or herbaceous perennials with abruptly pinnate leaves and rather large yellow flowers; calyx lobes 5, obtuse; petals 5, nearly equal; stamens 10, the upper 3 abortive, the anthers opening by terminal pores; pods slightly compressed, elongated, several-seeded. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Shrub with leaflets 5 mm. long or less.........--.-...---------- 1. C. wislizeni. Herbs with leaflets 20 mm. long or more. Leaves 2-foliolate. Leaflets lanceolate, 30 to 50 mm. long, bright green.... 4. C. roemeriana. Leaflets oblong, 25 mm. long or less, grayish.....--..-- 5. C. bauhinioides. Leaves 6 to many-foliolate. Plants glabrous; leaflets lanceolate, acute............. 2. C. leptocarpa. Plants pubescent throughout; leaflets oblong, obtuse. Leaflets more than 3 pairs, oblong to ovate; pubes- cence coarse, spreading; pods 5 cm. long or more obtuse: ..... =. --ASta nes See ee 3. C. lindheimeriana. Leaflets 2 or 3 pairs, mostly oblong-obovate; pubes- cence fine and close; pods 3 cm. long or less, ACULCH tos asics see eee ee ee ee ee 6. C. covesit. 1. Cassia wislizeni A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 60. 1852. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Carrizal and Ojo Caliente, south of El Paso,’’ Chihuahua. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Southern Grant and Luna counties. Dry hillsides and plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 2. Cassia leptocarpa Benth. Linnaea 22: 528. 1849. Type Locauity: ‘‘Ad Zapativa legit Pohl et prope Rio Janeiro.”’ RANGE: Texas to Arizona, south into Mexico and South America. New Mexico: Near White Water (Mearns 343). 3. Cassia lindheimeriana Scheele, Linnaea 21: 457. 1848. TYPE LocALIty: New Braunfels, Texas. Rance: Western Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Florida Mountains; Organ Mountains; Guadalupe Mountains. Dry rocky hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Cassia roemeriana Scheele, Linnaea 21: 457. 1848. Tyre tocauity: “‘ Auf felsigem Boden am obern Guadeloupe,’’ western Texas. RANGE: Western Texas and southern New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Hurrah Creek; Tierra Blanca; Ruidoso Creek; Roswell; Knowles; Queen; Lincoln; Causey. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones, eee | ee ee , ee ee ee a re WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 335 5. Cassia bauhinioides A. Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 6: 180. 1850. TypPE Locauity: On the Rio Grande, Texas. RANGE: Western Texas to Arizona, New Mexico: Kingston; Mangas Springs; Dog Spring; mesa west of Organ Moun- tains; west of Roswell. Mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 6. Cassia covesii A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 7: 399. 1868. Type Locauity: ‘‘Camp Grant, and south of Prescott, Arizona.?? Rance: Southwestern New Mexico to Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Telegraph Mountains (Wooton). Dry soil. 4. CHAMAECRISTA Moench. PARTRIDGE PEA. Herbaceous annuals or perennials with abruptly pinnate leaves and bright yellow flowers in few-flowered extra-axillary clusters; rachis of the leaf bearing one or two glands near the base; calyx lobes 5, acuminate; petals 5, unequal, the lowest little or much the largest; stamens 10, all perfect, the anthers opening by terminal pores; pods narrowly oblong-linear, flattened, the valves elastic; seeds compressed, ovoid or quadrate. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Percanial-“peduncles:30, to. 40; mim. Jong. 24..2 .45--ad2--geeecsi sed 1. C. wrightii. Annuals; peduncles 20 mm. long or less. Flowers small, the petals about 5 mm. long, one much longer fiat Che mtheniourases: cao secs t ls ce cee c se oeoe eee. oe CL lepladenta: Flowers larger, the petals 12 mm. long or more, all of about the same size. Leaflets 16 to 28; pod not beaked or obscurely so...-..-.-- 3. C. fasciculata. Leaflets 10 or 12; pod with a beak 2 or 3 mm. long..-...-.... 4, C. rostrata. 1. Chamaecrista wrightii (A. Gray) Woot. & Standl. Cassia wrightit A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 50. 1853. TypPE Locauity: ‘“‘ Hillsides, on the Sonoita, near Deserted Rancho, Sonora.’’ Rance: New Mexico, Arizona, and Sonora. New Mexico: On the Mimbres ( Mexican Boundary Survey 297). 2. Chamaecrista leptadenia (Greenm.) Cockerell, Muhlenbergia 4: 68. 1908. Cassia leptadenia Greenm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 41: 238. 1905. TYPE LOCALITY: Texas. Rance: Western Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Organ Mountains. Dry hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene; Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 587. 1903. Cassia fasciculata Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 262. 1803. Tyrer Locauity: ‘‘ Hab. in Pennsylvania et Virginia.”’ RANGE: Maine to South Dakota, Florida, Colorado, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains (Wooton). Dry fields and hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Chamaecrista rostrata Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 16: 135. 1913. TypE LocaLity: Sandy soil at Logan, New Mexico. Type collected by G. L. Fisher (no. 93). RANGE: Known only from type locality, on sandy plains of the Upper Sonoran Zone. 306 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM, 69. KRAMERIACEAE. Krameria Family. 1. KRAMERIA Loefl. Low herbaceous or woody perennials with prostrate or widely spreading stems and small silky-pubescent leaves; leaves alternate, exstipulate, entire; flowers perfect, crimson, irregular; calyx of 4 or 5 unequal petaloid sepals, deciduous; corolla of 4 or 5 petals shorter than the sepals, irregular, the posterior petal clawed, sometimes adnate, the anterior thick, sessile; stamens 3 or 4, the filaments united at the base; pistil simple; fruit an indehiscent spiny globose 1-seeded pod. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Herb with progitace Dranchies! (2 fe 28 oe oe os oe ewe ee oe 1. K. secundiflora. Siirulb with: dittuse branches... 2-0. oj se ee etetegs ae toate 2. K. glandulosa. 1. Krameria secundiflora DC. Prodr. 1: 341. 1824. Krameria lanceolata Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 168. 1827. TYPE LocALity: Mexico. RanGE: Kansas and Florida to New Mexico, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Tucumcari; Carrizozo; Perico Creek; Pajarito Val- ley; Roswell; San Andreas Mountains. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Krameria glandulosa Rose & Painter, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 10: 108. 1906. Krameria parvifolia Benth. err. det. various authors. _ Type tocatity: Near El Paso, Texas. RanGE: California and Utah to western Texas, southward into Mexico. New Mexico: Mesa west of Organ Mountains; Buchanan. Dry, sandy hills and mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. A very common and rather handsome plant on the dry mesas of southern New Mexico. It isa low, densely branched shrub 30 cm. high or less, blooming in early spring. 70. FABACEAE. Pea Family. Herbs or shrubs, sometimes trees, with simply compound or rarely simple, alternate, stipulate leaves; flowers papilionaceous; calyx of 5 more or less united sepals; petals 5 or fewer, irregular, the upper petal larger than the others and inclosing them in bud, the two lateral ones (wings) oblique, the lower two more or less coherent by their an- terior edges and forming the keel; stamens mostly 10, monadelphous, diadelphous, or distinct; fruit a legume, 1-celled (2-celled in some Asiragali), containing 1 to many seeds. KEY TO THE GENERA. Stamens distinct. Leaves palmately trifoliolate; flowers yellow... ..-- 1. THERMOPSIS (p. 338). Leaves odd-pinnate; flowers not yellow. Herbs; seedsinot red... iSo. 200 25220 se 2 BS OPRORA (pada): Shrub seedsoright,red. / 2-0 to sno ae ee 3. BROUSSONETIA (p. 339). Stamers monadelphous or diadelphous. Anthers of 2 kinds; stamens monadelphous; leaves palmately compound. Stipules not decurrent; pods flattened......... 5. Lupinus (p. 340). Stipules, at least the upper ones, decurrent; eerie ted...) elie el i 4, CROTALARIA (p. 339). Anthers all alike; stamens diadelphous (9 and 1), or sometimes only 5; leaves usually pinnately compound, rarely palmate. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. San Leaves with an even number of leaflets, termi- nated by a tendril or a_ bristle-like appendage. Styles filiform, hairy all around and below theapex; stamen tube usually oblique at GHe @uIMINbACee coe Ske bets 25. Vicra (p. 373). Styles flattened, hairy on the inner side; stamen tube truncateornearlyso..... 26. LatHyrus (p. 375). Leaves odd-pinnate, rarely palmate, without tendrils, Pod a loment, breaking transversely into 1-seeded indehiscent segments. Pods 1 or 2-seeded, more or less spiny ortootihedss eus.ss Fink stheeee 22. ONOBRYCHIS (p. 371). Pods several seeded, not spiny or toothed. Leaves otoholates<.. isieu eee: ols 23. Merpomia (p. 371). Leaves with numerous leaflets.... 24. Hepysarum (p. 373). Pod nota loment, 2-valved or indehiscent, sometimes 2-celled by intrusion of the sutures. Stems slender, twining; plants herba- ceous, annuals or perennials; leaves 3-foliolate. Keel of the corolla not coiled nor incurved. Flowers yellow ........------ 27. Do.ticHo.us (p. 376). Flowers, purplish’: 29223282. 29. GALACTIA (p. 376). Keel of the corolla coiled or in- curved. Keel of the corolla spirally twisted; inflorescence WACOMIOBOS Sais 2S ees 30. PHASEOLUS (p. 377). Keel merely incurved; inflo- rescence various. Annual; calyx 5-toothed; inflorescence capi- itera oe. 2 31. StROPHOSTYLES (p. 378). Perennials; calyx 4- toothed ; flowers soli- tary or in 2’sin the C1 er eee ab 32. CoLOGANIA (p. 378). Stems not twining; herbs or shrubs; leaves 3 to many-foliolate. Foliage glandular-punctate (exceptin a few species of Parosela). Pods covered with hooked prickles. 21. Guycyrruiza (p. 371). Pods not prickly. Leaves palmately 3 or 5-foliolate or pinnately 3-foliate ...... 11. Psoratea (p. 348). Leaves mostly pinnately 5 to many-foliolate. Stamens only 5.2 6..2. 4.25% 16. PETALOSTEMUM (p. 355). 52576°—15——22 338 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Stamens 9 or 10. Corolla of 5 petals. Pods not falcate; petals very unequal; herbs or low shrubs.......- 15. PAROSELA (p. 350). Pods falcate; petals nearly equal; tall shrub.... 12. Visoraquta (p. 349). Corolla of less than 5 petals. Petals 1, the banner... 18. Amorpwa (p. 349). Petals wanting.......- 14. PARRYELLA (p. 350). Foliage not glandular-punctate. Leaves 3-foliolate. Leaflets entire or merely undu- late. Shrub; flowers scarlet; stems Spiny <0. cee eee 28. EryTHRINA (p. 376). Herbs; flowers not scarlet; stems not spiny. Leaflets 4 or more.....--.-- 9. ANISOLOTUS (p. 346). eatlets; Shs seen Fey esc oe 10. AcmisPon (p. 348). Leaflets more or less toothed. Pods curved or coiled; flowers TACEMOSE). 25... Hos Get. = 6. MepicaGo (p. 348). Pods straight; flowers racemose or capitate. Leaves pinnate; valvesofthe pod leathery; flowers in TACOMOS,. hele meee 7. MELILoTUS (p. 348). Leaves digitate; pod valves thin; flowersin heads.. 8. TriroLium (p. 344). Leaves several to many-foliolate. Shrubs or small trees; stems spiny; flowers pink......... 18. Roprnta (p. 356). Herbs, at most woody only at the base; stems sometimes spiny; variously colored. Stipulesspiny ; leaflets want- ing or flowers early de- CidvOUs 22h ec seeee o. 17. PETERIA (p. 356). Stipules not spiny; leaflets persistent. Keel prolonged into a beak 20. Oxyrropis (p. 370). Keel not prolonged into a betkrs ase ne ee 19. ASTRAGALUS (p. 356). 1. THERMOPSIS R. Br. Coarse perennial herbs with palmately 3-foliolate leaves; flowers 1 cm. long or more bright yellow, racemose; pods flat, several-seeded; stems 30 to 50 cm. high, sparingly appressed-pubescent. KEY TO THE SPECIES, IPGAS- CROCE /BitMMN es oe nag co 5 3 a sn oe Sm a's CE ee ne ae re eee ee 1. T. pinetorum. Pods spresxdinp Vea. ......--.. 2 .sesh.ak ties pee hee 4. L. pusillus. Racemes headlike, on peduncles equaling or ex- ceeding the petioles of the adjacent leaves, few-flowered; lower lobe of the calyx 2 or 3- toothed. Peduncles elongated, some of the flower clus- ters overtopping the leaves; branches ascending, not widely divaricate; plants conspicuously villous-hirsutulous. ...... 5. L. kingii. Penducles shorter, never much longer than the adjacent petioles, the flower clusters not overtopping the leaves; branches widely divaricate-spreading; pubescence softer, less copious. Upper surface of the leaves pubescent like the lower 5-23. eee ees ae ee one 6. L. argillaceus. Upper surface of leaves glabrous. ........ 7. D. sileri. Perennials, Leaves permanently silky on the upper surface. Calyx distinctly saccate at the base..........--.....-- 8. L. aduncus. Calyx.notaaccate.. . 2 :cjcnkwnnetert eee aes 9. L. palmeri. Leaves glabrous on the upper surface.’ Stems hirsute. Calyx strongly gibbous; leaflets acute or obtuse. Leaflets obtuse; banner with a dark spot; eb low. d --10. L. ammophilus, Leaflets mostly ac cute: . bartner, not with a ‘dark spot; plants talls.' .. 2teisde- Peete cae 16. L. amplus, WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 341 Calyx scarcely at all gibbous; leaflets acute or acut- IMs Bete E ee ss a dade oe EL 11. L. neomexicanus. Stems not hirsute. Flowers 8 to 9 mm. long; banner not with a dark HpPObin sumed Maes O seu ta es sadiisl ols 12. L. ingratus. Flowers 12 mm. long or more; banner with a dark spot (except in no. 13). Flowers bright blue; leaves bright green... .-. 13. L. laetus. Flowers pale bluish; leaves dull grayish or yel- lowish green. | Leaflets sharply acute, 60 to 70 mm. long; flowers in an elongated raceme; pubescence loose. 2. ss05252523-<-. 14. L. sierrae-blancae. Leaflets obtuse, 30 to 45 mm, long; raceme short, few-flowered; pubescence closely appressed. .......-.....--- 15. L. aquilinus. 1. Lupinus micensis Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 5: 630. 1895. TypE Locauity: Mica, Utah. Rance: Nevada and Utah to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; Mangas Springs; Florida Mountains. Dry hills and mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 2. Lupinus brevicaulis S. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 53. 1871. Type Locatity: “In the valleys and lower cations of Western Nevada to the East Humboldt Mountains.”’ Rance: Western New Mexico and Colorado to Nevada and California. New Mexico: West of Patterson; Silver City; Organ Mountains. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 3. Lupinus dispersus Heller, Muhlenbergia 5: 141. 1909. TypE Locauity: Rhyolite, Nye County, Nevada. RanaeE: Nevada to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Silver City; Organ Mountains. Dry hillsides, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 4. Lupinus pusillus Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 468. 1814. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the banks of the Missouri.’’ RanGE: From the Missouri to the Columbia, southward to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Coolidge; Mogollon Mountains; Chama; near Santa Rita. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Lupinus kingii S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 8: 534. 1873. Type Locauity: ‘‘Heber Valley in the Wasatch,’’ Utah. Rance: Mountains of Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Coolidge; Mogollon Mountains. Transition Zone. 6. Lupinus argillaceus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 137. 1913. Type Locatity: Near Pecos, San Miguel County, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley (no. 4974). Rance: Northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Near Pecos; El Rito. Open hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. Lupinus sileri 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 10: 345. 1875. TyPE Locauiry: ‘‘Southern Utah and on the Rio Grande in Southern Colorado.” Type collected by A. L. Siler. Rance: Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Rio Zuni; Tunitcha Mountains; Dulce. Dry hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 342 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. One of our New Mexican plants exactly matches Wolf’s no. 195 from the Rio Grande at Loma, Colorado, and the two are certainly distinct from L. kingii. We have not seen Siler’s plant, which would be the type, but on the assumption that there is no confusion in the specimens of Wolf’s collection and that Doctor Watson was correct in referring these plants there, in our judgment this name should not be reduced to synonymy. 8. Lupinus aduncus Greene, Pittonia 4: 132. 1900. Lupinus decumbens argophyllus A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 37. 1849. Lupinus hellert Greene, Pittonia 4: 134. 1900. Lupinus argophyllus Cockerell, Torreya 2: 42: 1902. Type Locaity: Dry ravines among the sandy hills at Aztec, New Mexico. Type collected by Baker (no. 433). RanGE: Nebraska to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec; Santa Fe; Ramah; Glorieta; Tesuque; Pajarito Park; John- sons Mesa; Chama; Tunitcha Mountains; Nara Visa. Hills and mesas, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. The types of L. decumbens argophyllus and L. helleri came from near Santa Fe. 9. Lupinus palmeri 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 8: 530. 1873. TYPE LocaLity: San Francisco Mountains, Arizona. Rance: Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Burro Mountains; Luna; Blue Creek Canyon. Mountains, in the Transition Zone. The pubescence of fresh specimens is silvery white, but in the herbarium it soon becomes tawny. 10. Lupinus ammophilus Greene, Pittonia 4: 136. 1900. Type Locauity: Sandy bottoms of dry streams at Aztec, New Mexico. Type ccl- lected by Baker (no. 434). Rance: Southern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec; Carrizo Mountains; Dulce; Tierra Amarilla. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 11. Lupinus neomexicanus Greene, Pittonia 4: 133. 1900. Type Locatity: About Silver City and in foothills of the Pinos Altos Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Greene. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Silver City; Santa Rita; Mogollon Mountains. Transition Zone. 12. Lupinus ingratus Greene, Pittonia 4: 133. 1900. TYPE Locatity: Low grassy lands at Chama, New Mexico. Type collected by Baker. Rance: Northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. New Mexico: Chama; Tunitcha Mountains; Carrizo Mountains; Santa Fe Can- yon; Grosstedt Place. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. 5 13. Lupinus laetus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 137. 1913. Type Locatity: Winter Folly, in the Sacramento Mountains north of Cloudcroft, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 13, 1899. RANGE: Known only from type locality, in the Transition Zone. 14. Lupinus sierrae-blancae Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 138. L913: TYPE LocaLity: On the lower part of White Mountain Peak, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, July 6, 1895. RANGE: Meadows in the White Mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 343 15. Lupinus aquilinus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 138. 1913. Tyre LocaLiry: Gilmores Ranch on Eagle Creek in the White Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton & Standley (no. 3613). Rance: New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Raton; White Mountains. Mountains, in the Tran- sition Zone. 16. Lupinus amplus Greene, Pl. Baker. 3: 36. 1901. Tyre Locatiry: Cerro Summit above Cimarron, Colorado. Rance: Mountains of Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama (Standley 6827). Transition Zone. 6. MEDICAGO L. Annual or perennial herbs, not glandular-detted, with pinnate 3-foliolate toothed leaves, and small flowers in spikelike racemes; pods spirally coiled, few-seeded. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Mowers bluish purple; plants erect....2. ..02eo iis bo ee 1. M. sativa. Piowersryellow- plants prositate.........2.6..2. 26ue2. ieee! 2. M. lupulina. 1. Medicago sativa L. Sp. Pl. 778. 1753. ALFALFA, Type Locaity: ‘‘ Habitat in Hispaniae, Galliae apricis.’’ New Mexico: Escaped in cultivated and waste ground in nearly all parts of the State. 2. Medicago lupulina L. Sp. Pl. 779. 1753. BLACK MEDIC. Type Locauity: ‘Habitat in Europae pratis.”’ New Mexico: Tesuque; Taos; Santa Fe; Pecos; Mangas Springs. An introduction from Europe, occasional along irrigating ditches and in wet fields. 7. MELILOTUS Juss. Sweet clover. Erect annual or perennial herbs, sometimes 1.5 meters high, with pinnately 3- foliolate toothed leaves, small yellow or white flowers in axillary pedunculate ra- cemes, and small ovoid 1 or 2-seeded coriaceous wrinkled pods. KEY TO THE SPECIES. manned corolla 2 to,2:5 mm. long, yellow..:.....0c2.s0cies<.02 oe 1. M. indica. Perennials; corolla 5 or 6 mm. long, yellow or white. Corolla yellow; standard and wing petals about equal........ 2. M. officinalis. Corolla white; standard longer than the wings..... . ........ 3. M. alba. 1. Melilotus indica (L.) All. Fl. Pedem. 1: 308. 1785. Trifolium melilotus indica L. Sp. Pl. 765. 1753. Melilotus parviflora Desf. Fl. Atlant. 2: 192. 1800. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat in India, Africa.’’ New Mexico: Albuquerque; Santa Fe; Pecos; Kingston; Mesilla Valley. No weed is more common in alfalfa fields. Its seed isa common adulterant of alfalfa seed, and frequently the sweet clover seedlings are more numerous than the alfalfa plants. Because of their bitter taste, probably, the plants are invariably refused by cattle and horses. 2. Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. in Lam. & DC. FI. Frang. 2: 594. 1778. YELLOW SWEET CLOVER. Trifolium melilotus officinalis L. Sp. Pl. 765. 1753. Tyre Locauity: ‘Habitat in Europae campestribus.’’ New Mexico: Mesilla Valizy; Farmington; Cedar Hill. The plant is well established in orchards in the Mesilla Valley. 344 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 8. Melilotus alba Desr. in Lam. Encycl. 4: 63. 1797. SWEET CLOVER. TyPE LocALity: Siberia. New Mexico: Frisco; Farmington; Pecos; Gila Hot Springs; Mesilla Valley; Santa Fe; Albuquerque; Las Vegas. A common and troublesome weed in many parts of the State, especially in alkaline soil. The plant is persistent and spreads rapidly. It is not infrequent in alfalfa fields. It is said to be an excellent bee plant, and for this reason has been introduced in several places, probably on the recommendation of not overscrupulous seedsmen. 8. TRIFOLIUM L. CuLover. Low perennial herbs, often tufted or diffuse, with palmately 3-foliolate leaves (occasionally pinnately 3 to 5-foliolate); flowers usually in pedunculate heads, occa- sionally elongated-spiciform; calyx with slender subulate teeth; corolla attached to the stamen tube; pods small, membranous, indehiscent, often included in the per- sistent calyx. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Heads involucrate. Plants low, cespitose; stems scapiform..............-..--- 1. T. parryi. Plants with elongated leafy stems. Corolla 12 to 15 mm. long; stems not much elongated, mostly erect; peduncles glabrous..........---. . 2. I. fentllers. Corolla 8 to 11 mm. long; stems much elongated, spine ing; peduncles glabrous or pubescent. Peduncles glabrous; involucre united well above the base, the divisions broad................ 3. T. lacerum. Peduncles pubescent below the involucre; invo- lucre cleft almost to the base, the divisions very narrow. 2233). 202 Meee ois le. A Pong Heads not involucrate. Stems leafy; plants tall or the stems long. Calyx glabrous; flowers white or nearly so. Stems creeping, stoloniferous................--- . 6. T. repens. Stems erect, tufted............-- 7. T. hybridum. Calyx pubescent; flowers mostly perplae Peaispetencd. sos acca tae coos kee ee eee 8. T. pratense. Heads long-peduncled. Flowers purplish; stems permanently pubes- Gentiates. Hee 58a52 ese Re 9. T. neurophyllum. Flowers white; stems glabrous in age........- 12. T. rydbergii. Stems scapiform; plants low and cespitose. Calyx glabrous; heads 1 to 3-flowered.......-..-.----- 5. T. nanum. Calyx pubescent; heads several to many-flowered. Leaflets obovate, strongly veined, sharply dentate..10. 7. subacaulescens. Leaflets oblong to lanceolate, entire, not strongly MEMIGG cso. ee eat ee eerie eee ee 11. J. stenolobum. 1. Trifolium parryi A. Gray, Amer. Journ. Sci. II. 33: 409. 1862. Tyre Locatity: Rocky Mountains of Colorado. RanGE: Wyoming and Utah to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos Baldy (Standley). Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 2. Trifolium fendleri Greene, Pittonia 3: 221. 1897. Tyre tocauity: Near Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler. RANGE: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Rio Pueblo; Albuquerque; Mogollon Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Wet meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 345 3. Trifolium lacerum Greene, Erythea 2: 182. 1894. Tyre toca.ity: ‘‘ Valley of the Sierra de Las Animas,’’ New Mexico. This locality is not in ‘‘southern Colorado or northern New Mexico,’’ as stated by Doctor Greene in the place of publication, but in the southwestern corner of New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 997). Rance: Western New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. New Mexico: Coolidge; Ramah; Silver City; Mogoilon Mountains; Animas Moun- tains; Pescado Spring. Wet ground. The species is remarkable because of the unusual prolongation of the lateral veins, especially in the uppermost leaves. 4. Trifolium longicaule Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 141. 1913. Tyre tocauity: Along Eagle Creek at Gilmores Ranch in the White Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton and Standley in 1907. Rance: Along small streams in the White and Sacramento mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. 5. Trifolium nanum Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 1:35. pl. 3. f. 4. 1824. TyPE Locauiry: James Peak, Colorado. RanGE: Montana to New Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos Baldy (Bailey 618). Meadows, in the Arctic-Alpine Zone. 6. Trifolium repens L. Sp. Pl. 767. 1753. WHITE CLOVER. Type Locatity: ‘‘Habitat in Europae pascuis.”’ New Mexico: Chama; Winsors Ranch; Santa Fe; Pecos; Farmington; Shiprock. 7. Trifolium hybridum L. Sp. Pl. 766. 1753. ALSIKE. Type Locatity: “Habitat in Europae cultis.”’ New Mexico: Pecos (Standley 5012). Abundant in meadows and along irrigating ditches in this locality. 8. Trifolium pratense L. Sp. Pl. 768. 1753. RED CLOVER. Type Ltocauity: ‘Habitat in Europae graminosis.’’ New Mexico: Harveys Upper Ranch; Wingfields Ranch; Winsors Ranch; Mesilla Valley; Pecos; Raton; Farmington. Red clover has been noticed in only a few places in the State. Occasionally it appears in alfalfa, but it does not seem to survive long. It has been tried in culti- vation at various places, but can not compete with alfalfa on the market and has been cultivated but little. 9. Trifolium neurophyllum Greene, Leaflets 1: 154. 1905. Tyre Locatity: Mogollon Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 532). : RanGE: Known only from the type locality. 10. Trifolium subacaulescens A. Gray in Ives, Rep. Colo. Riv. 4: 10. 1860. Tyre tocatity: Pine forests of high table-lands near Fort Defiance, Arizona or New Mexico. Type collected by Palmer. RANGE: Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Mountains west of Grants Station; Stinking Lake; Tierra Amarilla. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. 11. Trifolium stenolobum Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 28: 499. 1901. Type Locatity: La Plata Mountains, Colorado. Z Rance: Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Sandia Mountains; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains. High meadows, Canadian to Arctic-Alpine Zone. 346 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 12.Trifolium rydbergii Greene, Pittonia 3: 222. 1897. TYPE LocALity: Wind River Mountains, Wyoming. RanaeE: Idaho and Montana to Utah and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama (Standley 6510, Eggleston 6647). Moist meadows, in the Transition Zone. 9. ANISOLOTUS Bernh. Brrp’s-roor TREFOIL. Herbaceous annuals or perennials, 50 cm. high or less, generally with numerous rigid and ascending or weak and decumbentor prostrate stems; leaves numerous, small, with black-glandular stipules, pinnate, sometimes appearing palmate by reduction of the rachis, 4 to 7-foliolate, the leaflets small, short-obovate to oblong-linear; flowers axillary and sessile or in few-flowered pedunculate clusters, yellow or reddish orange; calyx lobes mostly very narrow, about the length of the tube; legume straight, slightly or not at all flattened. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Annual; plants loosely villous throughout..........--.-....---- 1. A. trispermus. Perennials; plants more or less puberulent, one species with spreading hirsutulous pubescence. Leaves without appreciable rachis, the leaflets crowded on the end ofa very short petiole (1 mm. long), or sessile and appearing as a fascicle of simple leaves; flowers pedunculate or sessile. Flowers almost all solitary and axillary, with no peduncle, or those of the upper part of the stem occasionally short-peduncled...........-.------- 2. A. wrightit. Flowers in 1 to 3-flowered clusters, the peduncles usually longer than the lea ves....- 22.5 -.s-ccc se ts oS 3. A. rigidus. Leaves with a rachis, although usually a short one, and an appreciable petiole; flowers pedunculate. Plants low, decumbent to prostrate; leaflets short and small, obtuse, 8 mm. long or less...........-....- 4. A. neomexicanus. Plants taller; upper leaflets acute, 10 mm. long or more. Branches ascending, stout; leaflets all narrowly oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate. .....---.. 5. A. puberulus. Branches weak, decumbent, only the ends ascend- ing; leaflets various. Pubescence appressed; basal leaflets short and rounded, elliptic-obovate............---- 6. A. nummularius. Pubescence spreading; all leaflets elliptic- lanceolate, about 10 mm. long........-- 7. A. mollis, 1. Anisolotus trispermus (Greene) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 135. 1913. Lotus trispermus Greene, Erythea 1: 258. 1893. Type Locauitry: Hills bordering the Mohave Desert, California. Rance: California to western New Mexico. New Mexico: Silver City; Mangas Springs. 2. Anisolotus wrightii (A. Gray) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 144. 1906. Hosackia wrightit A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 42. 1853. Lotus wrightii Greene, Pittonia 2: 143. 1890. Tyre Loca.ity: Stony hills at the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1000). Rance: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona, south into Mexico. Se WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO, 347 New Mexico: Chama; Fort Wingate; Ramah; Sandia Mountains; Datil; Mogollon Mountains; Fort Bayard; Burro Mountains. In the mountains at middle elevations, Transition Zone. 8. Anisolotus rigidus (Benth.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 144. 1906. Hosackia rigida Benth. Pl. Hartw. 305. 1849. Lotus rigidus Greene, Pittonia 2: 142. 1890. TypeE LOCALITY: Monterey, California. RANGE: California and Utah to New Mexico. New Mexico: Hanover Mountain; Mangas Springs; Burro Mountains; Gallinas Planting Station; Pino Canyon. Open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. The specimens here listed are doubtiully referred to this apparently little known species, but they fit the original description more nearly than any other material we have seen. Most of the material passing under this name in herbaria belongs elsewhere. 4. Anisolotus neomexicanus (Greene) Heller, Muhlenbergia 8: 60. 1912. Lotus neomexicanus Greene, Pittonia 2: 141. 1890. Type LocaLity: Near Silver City, New Mexico. Type collected by Greene. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Florida Mountains; Tres Hermanas; Silver City. Dry hillsides and mesas, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Anisolotus puberulus (Benth.) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 135. 1913. Hosackia puberula Benth. Pl. Hartw. 305. 1849. Lotus puberulus Greene, Pittonia 2: 142. 1890. TypE Locairy: Near Zacatecas, Mexico. RANGE: Western Texas to Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Las Vegas; Capitan Mountains; White Mountains; Organ Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Fort Bayard. Dry hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transi- tion zones, This species is generally confused with A. wrightii, which it resembles in habit; but its leaflets are arranged pinnately upon a short rachis and have a short petiole, and the flowers have long peduncles. 6. Anisolotus nummularius (Jones) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 135. 19138. Hosackia rigida nummularia Jones, Bull. Calif. Acad. IT. 5: 633. 1895. Type Locatity: Rockville, Utah. Rance: Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; South Percha Creek. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This species has been confused with A. puberulus and A. mollis. The leaf charac- ters will separate it from the former and the pubescence distinguishes it at once from the latter. 7. Anisolotus mollis (Greene) Heller, Muhlenbergia 8: 60. 1912. Hosackia mollis Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: 185. 1885. Lotus mollis Greene, Pittonia 2: 143. 1890. Type Locatity: Huachuca Mountains, Arizona. Rane@e: Southern New Mexico and Arizona to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Juniper Spring; San Luis Pass. Dry plains and hills, 348 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 10. ACMISPON Raf. Annual, similar to Anisolotus; leaves 3-foliolate, rarely 1-foliolate; stipules reduced to mere traces of glands; pod straight, readily dehiscent. 1. Acmispon americanum (Nutt.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 40: 45. 1913. Lotus sericeus Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 489. 1814, not DC. 1813. Trigonella americana Nutt. Gen. Pl. 2: 120. 1818. Type LocaLity: ‘‘On the dry and open alluvial soils of the Missouri, from the river Platte to the Mountains.”’ Rance: Washington and Minnesota to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Mule Creek ( Wooton). 11. PSORALEA L. Perennial, more or less gland-dotted herbs (glands inconspicuous in some species), with palmately 3 to 5-foliolate leaves; flowers in capitate or racemose clusters; sta- mens diadelphous; pods small, 1-seeded, indehiscent. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Flowers more than 12 mm. long, in dense spikes; plants low, with short stems; roots long, tuberous. Slemis-Mirsdte: J .25 Jos. os ee aes Sees Seen aoa ie eae ee 6. P. esculenta. Stems not hirsute, the pubescence sericeous or canescent. Leaflets linear to oblanceolate, acutish; spikes elongate... 1. P. hypogaea. Leaflets obovate, rounded; inflorescence subcapitate..... 2. P. megalantha. Flowers small, less than 8 mm. long, in racemes or interrupted spikes; plants tall and branching; roots not tuberous. Flowers in interrupted spikes; leaves silvery. ............... 3. P. argophylia. Flowers in racemes; leaves not silvery. Racemes short and dense; fruit globose; upper leaflets TINEA eke Coc tie cat cee ese eae eee ee eee 4. P. micrantha. Racemes loose, elongate; fruit ovoid; upper leaflets ob- lanceolate or CllIplC: <7 s..0 eke cena eee 5. P. tenuiflora. 1. Psoralea hypogaea Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 302. 1838. Type Locauity: “Plains of the Platte.’’ Rance: Nebraska to New Mexico and Texas. New Mexico: Taos (Stevenson). 2. Psoralea megalantha Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8S. Nat. Herb. 16: 140. 1913. Tyre Locatity: Aztec, New Mexico. Type collected by Baker (no. 440). RaNGE: Known only from type locality, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Psoralea argophylla Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 475. 1814. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the banks of the Missouri.’’ RANGE: Wisconsin and Saskatchewan to Missouri and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; Raton Mountains. Open slopes. 4. Psoralea micrantha A. Gray, U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 77. 1856. Type Locauity: ‘‘Sand hills, near the last camp on the upper Canadian.” | RanaeE: Oklahoma and western Texas to Arizona. | New Mexico: West of Santa Fe; Coolidge; Tesuque; San Augustine Plains; Zuni; : Mogollon Mountains. Upper Sonoran Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 349 5. Psoralea tenuiflora Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 475. 1814. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the banks of the Missouri.”’ Rance: Montana and South Dakota to Arizona and Arkansas. New Mexico: Common nearly throughout the State. Plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 6. Psoralea esculenta Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 475. 1814, Type LocALITy: ‘‘On the banks of the Missouri.’ RanGeE: Manitoba and North Dakota to Texas. New Mexico: Sierra Grande (Standley 6156). 12. VIBORQUIA Orteg. Small tree or large shrub with glandular-punctate odd-pinnate leaves with 10 to 23 pairs of small leaflets, and small white flowers in terminal racemes; corolla only slightly irregular; stamens 10, diadelphous; fruit a falcate pod 10 to 16 mm. long. 1. Viborquia orthocarpa (A. Gray) Cockerell, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 24: 97. 1908. Eysenhardtia amor phoides orthocarpa A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 37. 1853. Eysenhardtia orthocarpa 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 17; 339. 1882. Type Locauity: ‘‘Mountains at Guadalupe Pass, between San Bernardino, Sonora, and the copper mines.”’ Ranae: Dry hills and plains, Arizona and New Mexico to Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. We have seen no further specimens from New Mexico, but the type locality is on the line between New Mexico and Sonora, perhaps in New Mexico. 13. AMORPHA L. Shrubs or undershrubs with glandular-punctate odd-pinnate many-foliolate leaves; flowers in terminal, more or less elongated spikes; pods small, 1-seeded; calyx teeth 5, about equal; petal 1, the banner; stamens monadelphous. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Tall shrub, 2 meters high or more; pods 2-seeded...........-..-- 1. A. californica. Undershrubs, more or less herbaceous, less than 1 meter high; pods l1-seeded. Pianiscrocn and plabrates2. 24. .coseecsds seca seccn sess =a 2. A. microphylla. ianidiqynite-CAanesCeMt. 2.000522 25-5 vedas seecesecdese cet 3. A. canescens. 1. Amorpha californica Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 306. 1838. FALSE INDIGO. TYPE LocALiry: Santa Barbara, California. Rance: Southern California to New Mexico; also in Mexico. New Mexico: Chiz; Albuquerque; Gila; Animas Mountains; Socorro; Kingston; Organ Mountains; Mesilla Valley. River valleys and along streams, Lower Sonoran to Transition Zone. 2. Amorpha microphylla Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 466. 1814. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the banks of the Missouri.”’ Rance: Manitoba to Iowa, Nebraska, and New Mexico. New Mexico: White Mountains; Upper Canadian. Transition Zone. 3. Amorpha canescens Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 467. 1814. SHOESTRINGS. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘On the banks of the Missouri and Mississippi.’’ Rance: Manitoba and Indiana to Louisiana, Texas, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Ute Park; Sierra Grande; Capitan Mountains; Las Vegas; Beulah. Dry plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 350 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 14. PARRYELLA Torr. & Gray. Low much branched shrub with alternate glandular-dotted many-foliolate odd- pinnate leaves and terminal compound spikes of very small, dull yellowish-green flowers; calyx 5-toothed, with very short teeth; petals wanting; fruit a short, very glandular, 1-seeded pod. 1. Parryella filifolia Torr. & Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 7: 397. 1867. Type tocauity: Along the Rio Grande below Albuquerque, New Mexico. Type collected by Parry. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Zuni Reservation; Rio Puerco; Black Rock; Belen; south of Fruit- land; Shiprock. Sand hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 15. PAROSELA Cay. Annuals or perennials with herbaceous or woody stems 60 cm. high or less; leaves mostly odd-pinnate, in one species palmately trifoliolate; flowers small, in crowded terminal spikes, bracteate; leaflets usually small, 1 to 20 pairs, mostly glandular- punctate; petals 5, 4 attached to the column of the monadelphous stamens, the ban- ner free; stamens 9 or 10; pods 1 or 2-seeded, usually indehiscent, included in the persistent calyx. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Calyx deeply lobed, the lobes broadly lanceolate, foliaceous..... 1. P. calycosa. Calyx not deeply lobed, the teeth setaceous or subulate or short- triangular. Calyx glabrous, at least outside, short-pubescent on the mar- gins of the teeth or in the throat; calyx lobes short. Annual: bracts inconspicuous... . .<222..---- -<4--. =~. 7. P. urceolata. Perennials; bracts conspicuous. Stems prostrate, herbaceous.............-.-.-.--.--17. P. glaberrima. Stems erect, more or less Sie. a . 2. P. frutescens. Calyx variously pubescent, the lobes meet So nee or subulate. Plants glabrous, except the inflorescence; annuals or perennials. Stems woody; low shrub.....-..--.--+.--..-.--2-- 3. P. formosa. Stems herbaceous, woody at the base in one or two species. Perennials, from a thick woody base. Bracts sericeous, sparingly glandular; leaf- lets MUMELOUSs=seessce eee eee ll. P. grayt. Bracts glandular, the margins hyaline; leaf- lets 5 or 6 pairs. Spikes lax; corolla yellow; stamens9.. 4. P. enneandra. Spikes crowded; corolla purple; sta- mona Orie)... sees 5. eee 5. P. pogonanthera. Annuals; stems slender, mostly erect. Leaflets very numerous; spikes elongated; plants generally more than 30 cm. high... ccc cee = canoe ones ei oe ee 6. P. dalea. Leaflets 5 or 6 pairs; spikes short, almost capitate; plants generally less than 30 cm. high. b i WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 351 Bracts caducous; leaflets filiform; pe- duncles very slender; corolla pur- PC se deere cre ore eno he ce See 10. P. filiformis. Bracts persistent; leaflets oblong, pe- duncles short and stout; corolla yellow or white. Corolla yellow; spikes globose..... 9. P. brachystachys. Corolla white; spikes cylindric.... 8. P. polygonoides. Plants more or less pubescent throughout; perennials, Spikes lax; plants prostrate, densely pubescent; flowers purple. Calyx tube villous, the lobes lanceolate........15. Calyx tube glabrous, the lobes short-triangular.16. Spikes densely flowered, mostly erect; plants at least ascending; pubescence various; flowers variously colored. Flowers white, in strict terminal spikes; plants finely appressed-pubescent throughout. Leaflets very small, about 3 mm. long, 15 TO AONB BS: Ao eas ta ee ieee ae 12. P. ordiae. Leaflets larger, 5 to 7 mm. long, 10 to 12 Paiieo ssc eee eae e eee 13. P. albiflora. Flowers blue, yellow, or purple; pubescence various. Spikes comparatively few-flowered, glo- bose; flowers blue; calyx lobes short; plants canescent. <- 0072522202302. 14. P. scoparia. Spikes at least oblong, usually considerably elongated, 1 cm. thick or more; flow- ers yellow or purple; calyx lobes seta- ceous; plants sericeous or villous. Leaves glandular-punctate; spikes very thick and much elongated. Stems sericeous, not glandular....18. P. aurea. Stems tuberculate, black-glandu- lar, minutely pubescent....19. P. lachnostachys. Leaves not glandular-punctate; spikes smaller. Leaves palmately trifoliolate...... 20. P. jamesii. Leaves pinnate. Spikes sessile; leaflets acute...21. P. wrightit. Spikes short, pedunculate; leaflets obtuse. .....-..- 22. P. nana. 1. Parosela calycosa (A. Gray) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. ed. 2. 5. 1900. Dalea calycosa A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 40. 1853. Tyrer Locauity: ‘‘Hills near the Deserted Rancho, on the San Pedro, Sonora.”’ Rance: Southwestern New Mexico, southern Arizona, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Cactus Flat; Mangas Springs. Dry hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Parosela frutescens (A. Gray) Vail, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 8: 303. 1905. Dalea frutescens A. Gray, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 6: 175. 1850. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Rocky hills and high plains, along the margins of thickets, on the Guadelupe, Sabinas, and ?edernales,’’ Texas. . lanata. . terminalis. sich as 352 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Rance: Western Texas and southeastern New Mexico. New Mexico: White and Capitan mountains; Guadalupe Mountains. Open-slopes, in the Transition Zone. 3. Parosela formosa (Torr.) Vail, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 16. 1897. Dalea formosa Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 177. 1828. Type LocaLity: On the Platte, Colorado. Rance: Colorado and Utah to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Logan; west of Santa Fe; Bear Mountain; Florida Mountains; Hillsboro; mesa west of Organ Mountains; Cross L Ranch; Mangas Springs; Socorro Mountain; Jarilla Mountains; Sandia Mountains; Roswell. Dry plains and low hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 4. Parosela enneandra (Nutt.) Britton, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 196. 1894. Dalea enneandra Nutt. Fraser’s Cat. no. 30. 1813. Dalea laxiflora Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 741. 1814. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Upper Louisiana.”’ RanGE: Texas to Colorado and the Upper Missouri. New Mexico: Tucumcari; Nara Visa. Dry plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Parosela pogonanthera (A. Gray) Vail, Trans. N. Y. Acad. 14: 34. 1894. Dalea pogonanthera A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 31. 1849. Type Locauity: Around Monterey, Mexico. Rance: Texas to southern Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Zuni; Hillsboro; Carrizalillo Mountains; Organ Mountains; near White Water; Mangas Springs. Plains and low hills, in the Lower and Upper Sono- ran zones. 6. Parosela dalea (L.) Britton, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 196. 1894. Psoralea dalea L. Sp. Pl. 764. 1753. Dalea alopecuroides Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 1336. 1803. Tyrer Locatiry: ‘‘Habitat in America.”’ RanGeE: Illinois to Minnesota and Nebraska, south to Texas and Mexico. New Mexico: Farmington; Raton; Pecos; Sandia Mountains; Santa Fe; Albuquer- que; Socorro; White Mountains; Black Range; San Luis Mountains; Mesilla Valley. Moist fields, Lower Sonoran to Transition Zone. A common weed in fields, beside ditches, and on cultivated lands, especially after grain has been harvested. 7. Parosela urceolata (Greene) Standley, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 13: 194. 1910, Dalea urceolata Greene, Leaflets 1: 199. 1906. Type Locauity: Mogollon Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 553). Ran@e: Mogollon Mountains of New Mexico, in the Transition Zone. 8. Parosela polygonoides (A. Gray) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. ed. 2. 6. 1900. Dalea polygonoides A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 39. 1853. Tyre Locauity: ‘“‘Pebbly bed of mountain torrents, near the copper mines, New Mexico.”’ Type collected by Wright (no. 991). RANGE: Southern New Mexico. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila; Hillsboro; White Mountains; Santa Rita. Open hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 9. Parosela brachystachys (A. Gray) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. ed. 2. 113. 1900. Dalea brachystachys A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 39. 1853. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Valleys, in alluvial soil, between the San Pedro and the Sonoita, Sonora.’’ Type collected by Wright (no. 990). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 353 Rance: New Mexico and Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Hillsboro; Cliff; Dog Spring; Organ Mountains; Las Vegas Hot Springs. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 10. Parosela filiformis (A. Gray) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. ed. 2. 6. 1900. Dalea filiformis A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 39. 1853. Type Locairy: Hillsides near the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 992). RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico and southeastern Arizona. New Mexico: Santa Rita; Mogollon Mountains. Exposed hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 11. Parosela grayi Vail, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 14. 1897. Dalea laevigata A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 38. 1853, not Moc. & Sessé, 1832. Type Locauiry: ‘‘On the Chiricahui Mountains, and on the Barbocomori, Sonora.’’ RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico, southern Arizona, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs ( Metcalfe 684). Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 12. Parosela ordiae (A. Gray) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. ed. 2. 6. 1900. Dalea ordiae A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 17: 200. 1882. Type LocALiry: Plains near Bowie and Rucker Valley, southern Arizona. Rance: Southwestern New Mexico and southern Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Near Fort Bayard; Bear Mountain; Dog Spring. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 13. Parosela albiflora (A. Gray) Vail, Trans. N. Y. Acad. 14: 34. 1894, Dalea albiflora A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 38. 1853. Type Locauiry: ‘ Hill-sides on the San Pedro and Barbocomori, Sonora.’’ Rance: New Mexico, southern Arizona, and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Mangas Springs; Fort Bayard; Santa Rita; Kingston; headwaters of the Pecos. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 14. Parosela scoparia (A. Gray) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. ed. 2. 7. 1900. Dalea scoparia A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 32. 1849. Dalea scoparia subrosea Cockerell, Science n. ser. 7: 625. 1898. TypPE Locauity: Jornada del Muerto, New Mexico. Type collected by Wislizenus. RANGE: Western Texas to soutnern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Socorro; Sabinal; Jornada del Muerto; Deming; Mesilla Valley. Sand hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. A much branched canescent shrub | meter high, growing on sand dunes in the south- ern part of the State along the Rio Grande Valley. It could profitably be used as a sand binder in such localities. The type of Dalea scoparia subrosea was collected near Mesilla. 15. Parosela lanata (Spreng.) Britton, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 196. 1894. Dalea lanata Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 327. 1826. Dalea lanuginosa Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 307. 1838. Typre Locauity: ‘‘Ad fl. Arkansa Amer. bor.’’ RanaeE: Kansas to Colorado, Texas, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Nara Visa; Roswell; south of Melrose. Prairies and. plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 16. Parosela terminalis (Jones) Heller, Muhlenbergia 6: 96. 1910. Dalea terminalis Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 8. 1908. TYPE LocALity: El Paso, Texas. Rance: Utah to northern Mexico. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Chamita; Socorro; Sabinal; Mesilla Valley. Mesas and dry fields, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 52576°—15 23 354 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 17. Parosela glaberrima (S. Wats.) Rose, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 10: 103. 1906. Dalea glaberrima 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 22: 470. 1887. Type Locauiry: ‘‘On sand hills 30 or 40 miles south of Paso del Norte,’’ Chihuahua, Rance: Southern New Mexico to Chihuahua. New Mexico: Mesilla (Wooton 35). Sandy fields, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. In the original description Doctor Watson says the plant is erect and branching, a statement in which he is probably wrong. Dalea arenaria Jones,! is doubtless very near this species, as the author suggests. Our plant has the prostrate, matlike hapit of D. arenaria and grows on the sands, but is certainly perennial and the bracts are very different. 18. Parosela aurea (Nutt.) Britton, Mem. Torrey Club 5: 196. ieee Dalea aurea Nutt. Gen. Pl. 2: 101. 1818. Type Locauiry: ‘“‘On gravelly hills, near White River, Missouri.’’ RANGE: From the Upper Missouri to the eastern borders of the Rocky Mountains, south to western Texas. New Mexico: Cross L Ranch; Las Vegas; Nara Visa; Portales; Redlands. Open hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 19. Parosela lachnostachys (A. Gray) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. ed. 2. 6. 1900. Dalea lachnostachys A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 46. 1852. Type Locatiry: Hills about 80 miles west of the Pecos, Texas. Ranae: Western Texas and southwestern New Mexico to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. _ New Mexico: Dog Spring (Mearns 2387). Lower Sonoran Zone. " Characterized by the very densely flowered hispidulous thick spikes 5 to 8 cm. long and the peculiar glands. The stems are thickly beset with black tuberculate conical glands and the leaflets bear a single row of glands near the margin, with occa- sionally a few scattered over the back. 20. Parosela jamesii (Torr.) Vail, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 16. 1897. Psoralea jamesit Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 175. 1828. Dalea jamesti Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 308. 1838. Type Locauity: ‘‘Sandy piains of the Canadian.’’ (Oklahoma ?). Range: Western Texas and New Mexico to Colorado. New Mexico: Pecos; Las Vegas; west of Santa Fe; Willard; Carrizozo; Hillsboro; Apache Teju; Silver City; Mangas Springs; Knowles; Queen; Torrance. Dry plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 21. Parosela wrightii (A. Gray) Vail, Bull. Torrey Club 24: 16. 1897. Dalea wrightii A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 49. 1852. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Dry hills 80 miles west of the Pecos, and on the mountains near El Paso,”’ Texas. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Hillsboro; Tortugas Mountain; Bishops Cap. Dry hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 22. Parosela nana (Torr.) Heller, Bot. Expl. Texas 49. 1895. Dalea nana Torr.; A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 31. 1849. Type Locauity: ‘‘Sandy soil, Willow Bar, on the Cimarron,’’ New Mexico? Rance: Kansas to Texas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Nara Visa; Organ Mountains; south of Roswell. Dry plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. Parosela neomexicana (A. Gray) Heller,? notwithstanding its name, probably does not come into New Mexico, although it may occur in the extreme southwest corner along with other species of similar distribution. 1 Contr. West. Bot. 12: 8. 1908. 2 Dalea mollis neomexicana A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 47. 1852. a WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 355 16. PETALOSTEMUM Michx. Pratrir’ CLOVER. Herbaceous glandular-punctate annuals or perennials with odd-pinnate leaves, the flowers in dense pedunculate terminal spikes or heads; calyx with 5 connivent teeth; petals with filiform claws, 4 of them nearly alike and adnate by their claws to the stamen tube, the banner free; stamens 5, monadelphous; pods membranous in the persistent calyx, indehiscent, 1-seeded. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Biome prostrate: Howers purplish. 222222200. 520525252 Se 1. P. prostratum. Stems erect; flowers variously colored. Gily= piabrous: corolla white.*-22.02 2.22.2. 2222 ee 28 2. P. oligophyllum. Calyx pubescent; corolla variously colored. DATA Fae RFS Sela a. oiists ess Site adie mya be safes epee 3. P. exile. Perennials. Carolla white or yellow... 529+ <222 26-022 220% 4. P. compactum. Corolla purple. Bracts glabrous; leaflets mucronulate.......-- 5. P. purpureum. Bracts sericeous; leaflets obtuse....-.-.-.-...- 6. P. tenuifolium. 1. Petalostemum prostratum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 138. 1913. Typr Locauitry: Near Albuquerque, New Mexico. Type collected by Winnie Har- ward (no. 17). Rance: Rio Grande Valley of central New Mexico. New Mexico: Near Albuquerque; near Belen. Lower Sonoran Zone. A remarkable species, distinguished from all our others by its prostrate habit. In general appearance it resembles some species of Parosela. 2. Petalostemum oligophyllum (Torr.) Rydb. Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 237.1900. Petalostemum gracile oligophyllum Torr. in Emory, Mil. Reconn. 139. 1848. Type Loca.iry: ‘‘ Valley of the del Norte,’? New Mexico. Type collected by Emory in 1847. Range: British America to Iowa, Colorado, and Arizona. New Mexico: Throughout the State. Open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 8. Petalostemum exile A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 41. 1853. Typr LtocaLiry: Hillsides, near Santa Cruz, Sonora. Rance: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains. 4. Petalostemum compactum (Spreng.) Swezey, Nebr. Pl. Doane Coll. 6. 1891. Dalea compacta Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 327. 1826. Petalostemum macrostachyum Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 176. 1828. Typr Locauiry: ‘‘Ad fl. Rio Roxo in ditione Arkansa Amer. bor.’’ Rance: Wyoming and Nebraska to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Rito de los Frijoles; Dona Ana County. 5. Petalostemum purpureum (Vent.) Rydé. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 238. 1900. Dalea purpurea Vent. Pl. Jard. Cels. pl. 40. 1800. Petalostemum violaceum Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 50. 1803. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Illinois.’’ Rance: British America to Missouri and New Mexico. New Mexico: Nara Visa. Pecos. Open hillsides and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 356 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 6. Petalostemum tenuifolium A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 11: 73. 1876. Type Locatiry: ‘‘Arkansas, at the crossing of Red River.” Rance: Kansas and Arkansas to New Mexico. New Mexico: Las Vegas; Raton Mountains; Causey; Algodones; Sandia Mountains; Buchanan; Sierra Grande. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 17. PETERIA A. Gray. Low herbaceous perennial with smooth glaucous junciform stems and pinnate many- foliolate leaves; stipules small, spiny; leaflets very small, acute, deciduous from the rachis; flowers rather large, pale greenish, tinged with pink, widely scattered on long peduncles; pods linear, pendulous, 5 cm. long or more. 1. Peteria scoparia A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 50. 1852. Type Locauiry: Mountain valleys beyond the pass of the Limpio, Texas. Rance: Western Texas and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Telegraph Mountains; Tortugas Mountain. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. Coulter states ! that the plant has a small edible tuberous rootstock and is known in western Texas as ‘‘camote de monte.”’ 18. ROBINIA L. Locust. Spiny shrubs or small trees with odd-pinnate leaves, rather large pink flowers in crowded axillary short-peduncled racemes, and flat pods 6 to 12 cm. long, with prom- inent sutures and numerous seeds; leaflets 1 to 2 cm. long, oblong-elliptic to oval. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Fruit and peduncles densely glandular-hispid.-......-..-.--.-- 1. R. neomexicana. Fruit glabrous; peduncles not hispid, merely glandular-pubescent ; or puberulent, the glands few and small...........-....-- 2. R. rusbyi. Robinia pseudacacia L., the black locust, a tree with white flowers, is often planted as a shade tree. It seems to do better than almost any other introduced shade tree in the drier portions of the State. 1. Robinia neomexicana A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 5: 314. 1854. New Mexican Locust. Typr Locauity: Dry hills on the Mimbres, New Mexico. Type collected in May, 1851, by Thurber. Rance: Colorado to Arizona and western Texas. New Mexico: Raton; Sandia Mountains; Cross L Ranch; Magdalena Mountains, Mangas Springs; Burro Mountains; Black Range; Fort Bayard; Organ Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Transition Zone. 2. Robinia rusbyi Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 140. 1913. Tyrer LocaLity: On the Mogollon road 15 miles east of Mogollon, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 8, 1900. Rance: Mountains of southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountaing; Burro Mountains; Mescalero Reservation. Transition Zone. 19. ASTRAGALUS L. Herbaceous perennials, rarely annuals; leaves odd-pinnate; flowers racemose, sometimes pseudocapitate, whitish, yellow, or purple; stipules either free, adnate to the base of the petiole or connate opposite the petioles forming a partial sheath; calyx 1Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 2: 81. 1891. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 8357 campanulate or tubular, sometimes gibbous, the teeth mostly subulate or triangular; corolla longer than the calyx, the banner and wings usually exceeding the obtuse keel; banner usually with its side reflexed, occasionally spreading; stamens diadel- phous; fruit a few to many-seeded pod, variously inflated, curved, flattened, or grooved, with one or both sutures more or less inflexed, becoming in some cases com- pletely 2-celled. Mature pods are usually necessary for the determination of the species. In the consideration of this genus we have been unable to follow those who have separated it into several genera, because the lines of separation do not appear to us to be sufficiently distinct. Acting upon this judgment, we have considered all the species under one generic name. We fully appreciate the merits of Dr. P. A. Ryd- berg’s treatment of the species here referred to Astragalus, in the Flora of Colorado,' to which in our own work we are much indebted. While we believe thoroughly in the | principle of the segregation of species into small genera wherever possible, the small groups must, in our judgment, possess resemblances in more than one set of characters and their members should be readily recognized as close relatives. The characters of the fruit are especially unsuited for the purpose of generic distinction in this family. Asa means of making Doctor Rydberg’s valuable work easily usable in connection with our key, we insert his generic names in the key. By strict rules of priority, if all the plants here referred to Astragalus are placed in one genus it should bear the name Phaca, that having precedence in Linnaeus’s Spe- cies Plantarum over Astragalus. However, it seems to us that there are extreme cases where such a rule may be disregarded and we have preferred to leave the trans- ference of the species to Phaca to some other writer, if it should ever be considered necessary. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Pods completely 2-celled. Eoameshy. (GHOrRUMNON:.)? 2.529 10.2268 Gee les... eee 1. A. crassicarpus. Pods not fleshy. Pods inflated-membranaceous. (CyYSTIUM)..........-------- 2. A. diphysus. Pods not inflated. Pods linear-oblong, somewhat flattened laterally, membranous. (Ha- MOSA.) Stems very short and stout; plants appressed-sericeous. 3. A. calycosus. Stems slender, elongated, spreading; plants villous, merely canes- cent, or sometimes glabrate...............4. A. nuttallianus. Pods ovoid, never flattened laterally, sometimes compressed dorso-ven- trally, coriaceous. (ASTRAGALUS.) Mature pods glabrous. Flowers purple; stems very short, almost wanting. , 5. A. mollissimus. Flowers yellow or greenish; stems stout, 30 to 60 cm. high. Leaves glabrous above, merely strigose beneath; flowers preenish yellowlzie2. Uy. 292. ...2 0. 6. A. oreophilus. Leaves densely villous, almost tomentose, on both surfaces; flowers bright yellow...........-.-- 7. A. yaquianus. ?Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 202-212. 1906. - ? This and the following names inserted in the key are considered as representing by separate genera by Doctor Rydberg, in the Flora of Colorado. By us they are regarded ps as sections. 358 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Mature pods pubescent. Plants sparingly appressed-pubescent with short hairs; pods small, not inflated, sparingly villous. ....- 8. A. goniatus. Plants densely pubescent; pods much larger, more or less in- flated, densely hairy. Plants small; leaves appressed silky-villous throughout; pods inflated, sulcate along both sutures. 9. A. matthewsir. Plants large and coarse; leaves densely tomentulose; pods not so much inflated, usually not sulcate. Leaflets large, more than 15 mm. long, oval. 10. A. bigelovii. Leaflets small, mostly 10 mm. long or less, broadly obovate or suborbicular.......12. A. thompsonae. Pods not completely 2-celled. Dorsal suture of pod more or less introverted in various ways (or often not so in A. missouriensis). Lower (dorsal) suture strongly intruded, making the pod aheesdate or inverted V-shaped in cross section; pods mostly membranous. (Trum.) Stipes very short (1 mm. long) or none. Flowers very small, barely 5 mm. long; pods sessile, only slightly longer than the flowers, puberulent.......... 11. A. vaccarum. Flowers more than 5 mm. long; pods short-stipitate and much larger. Leaflets broadly obovate, mostly retuse or obcordate; pods not curved, the sulcus narrow..-.-.....------- 13. A. cobrensis. Leaflets oblong-lanceolate, acute; pods strongly curved; sulcus broad and shallow s.- este 14. A. humistratus. Stipes conspicuous, as long as the calyx or longer. Flowers purple, never yellow; plants slender, weak.15. A. alpinus. Flowers yellowish; plants erect, though sometimes slender. Pisnts loosely -villus-:c.se6ehseh45-bceet 52. A. drummondit. Plants appressed-pubescent. Racemes elongated, lax..............--.-.---16. A. rusbyt. Racemes short, flowers numerous and more or less crowded. Flowers small, hardly 10 mm. long; plants slender. 17. A. altus. Flowers larger,“15 mm. long or more; plants stout. 18. A. scopuiorum. Lower suture not intruded as in the previous section, but intruded either as an interior growth forming a partial partition or as the result of dorso- ventral flattening; pods various. Lower suture slightly intruded inside the pod, cneee a partial septum; pods not flattened exteriorly. Plants low, pubescent; pods rather thin (on slender peduncles, scat- tered) stipitate. (ATELOPHRAGMA.).......-- 19. A. brandegei. Plants tall, stout, almost glabrous (malodorous); pods thick and fleshy, becoming woody, not stipitate. (PHacopsis.) Plants early glabrate, only the very young parts ever pubescent. 20. A. praelongus. Plants sparingly hispidulous-strigose on the stems and the lower surface of the leaves........-.--.----- 21. A. pattersonit. os a | WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 859 Lower suture intruded as the result of dorsoventral flattening; pods cori- aceous or woody. Corolla yellow; flowers small. (CNEMIDOPHACOS.) . 22. A. flaviflorus. Corolla at least partly purple; flowers large. (XYLOPHACOS.) Pods densely long-hairy; only the keel of the corolla purple. 23. A. newberryt. Pods short-hairy or glabrous; corolla entirely purple. Flowers small, about 8 mm. long (subcapitate). 24. A. accumbens. Flowers large, 15 mm. long or more. Pods short and nearly straight (dorsal suture not intro- verted; mature pod sometimes laterally flattened). 25. A. missouriensis. Pods longer, strongly curved upward. Pods obtuse at the base, the dorsal suture strongly in- POV CTLG 26,572 26.52 tinea s oslo wee 26. A. shortianus. Pods acute at both ends, tbe dorsal suture usually not BIG CHIMES bE i) - 2226-5). 5. 72-2 27. A. amphiozys. Neither suture of the pod introverted (except sometimes in A. subcinereus and ) A, sonorae). Pods strongly bisulcate ventrally, parallel to the suture. Flowers purple or violet, at least on the keel; pods 10 to 20 mm. long. 28. A. bisulcatus. | Flowers whitish; pods less than 10 mm. long.....-..29. A. haydenianus. | Pods not bisulcate. ) Leaflets spinose-tipped. (KENTROPHYTA.)...-.------- 53. A. impensus. Leaflets not spinose-tipped. Pods membranous or chartaceous, terete or flattened laterally, not inflated. ’ Pods long-stipitate; stipe several times the length of the calyx. Flowers purple; leaflets linear, about 1 cm. long. 36. A. coltont. Flowers white; leaflets 2 em. long or more. ‘ 37. A. lonchocarpus. Pods sessile or short-stipitate; stipe seldom exceeding the calyx. Pods more or less flattened laterally. Pods sessile (linear-oblong, about 3 mm. long). 30. A. diversifolius. Pods stipitate.” Stipe as long as or longer than the calyx; flowers whitish. 31. A. tenellus. Stipe very short, barely 1 mm. long; flowers purple. 32. A. wingatanus. Pods subterete. Pods. sessile. - 4225s a8ete-cee.es:-...30.. A. diversivolius. Pods stipitate, the stipe sometimes very short. Stipe as long as the calyx; plants erect.33. A. proxvimus. Stipe very short, almost obsolete; plants erect or decum- bent. Plants erect; pods 5 mm. in diameter at the upper end, tapering to the small stipe, 2 cm. long or more. 34. A. fendleri, ? » 360 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Plants decumbent to prostrate; pods 3 mm. in diameter, oblong, about 1 cm. long........- 35. A. flexuosus. Pods membranous to woody, more or less inflated, not terete nor flattened laterally. Pods membranous, strongly inflated. Plants with only a few leaves; pods mottled. 38. A. ceramicus. Plants with many leaves. Pods small, about 1 cm. in diameter, spherical; plants about 40:em) high. >. 5.2 ucts eee see ee 39. A. thurberi. Pods larger, more than 1 cm. in diameter, elliptic to lunate in vertical section; plants variable in size. Annual; flowers reddish purple, small....40. A. wootoni. Perennials; flowers various. Pods almost lunate in cross section, the upper suture nearly straight or slightly recurved. 41. A. allochrous. Pods elliptic, the upper suture curved about as much as the lower, slightly inflexed..... 42. A. subcinereus. Pods only slightly inflated, the walls thick, subcoriaceous to woody. Pods subcoriaceous to chartaceous. Plants acaulescent, small. Flowers capitate, on conspicuous peduncles; pods about 5 mami one se fais tu. Sebi Sees 43. A. gilensis. Flowers (few) racemose, on very short peduncles; pods 20 mm. long or more...----..-.--- 44, A. elatiocarpus. Plants with stems over 10 cm. long. Plants prostrate, trailing. (Lower suture sometimes in- troverted.) Leaflets pubescent on both surfaces. - - - - 45. A. sonorae. Leaflets glabrous on the upper surface. 54. A. hosackiae. Plants erect or spreading. Pod short-stipitate, ellipsoidal, the upper suture curved downward ‘ent 107 Sep ee eae ee 46. A. greenet. Pods sessile, sublunate (acuminate), the upper suture straight or slightly recurved....... 47. A. gertrudis. Pods coriaceous to woody when mature, thick-walled or fleshy when young. Leaflets ovate-lanceolate, acute, numerous; peduncles about, 20-emiJlehe- 22-2. Ateeee)-< 48. A. neomexicanus. Leafiets oblong to obovate, obtuse, few; peduncles shorter, less than 20 cm. long. Flowers small, 10 mm. long or less; pods of about the same length; stems usually short.-..49. A. tephrodes. Flowers larger, 12 to 15 mm. long; pods 15 to 20 mm. long; stems frequently 20 cm. long.-..---- 50. A. remulcus. No. 51, Astragalus albulus, is omitted from the key, because without mature fruit it is impossible to place it in any of the sections, all of which depend upon fruit charac- ters. The habit of the plant, the yellow flowers, the rudimentary stipe, the thin pod, partially flattened when little more than an ovary, suggest that the plant may be. related to A. scopulorum. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 861 1. Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. Fraser’s Cat. no. 6. 1813. Geoprumnon crassicarpum Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 203. 1906. Type Locatity: ‘‘Above the River Platte.’ Rance: Manitoba and Montana to Missouri, Texas, and New Mexico. New Mexico: Highest point of the Llano Estacado; near Horse Spring. Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Astragalus diphysus A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 34. 1849. Cystium diphysum Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 204. 1906. Type Locaity: Plains, around Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Fend- ler (no. 146). RanGE:. Colorado and Utah to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Albuquerque; Zuni; Salt Lake; Cerrillos; Lemitar. On the hills and higher plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Astragalus calycosus 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 66. 1871. Tyrer Locauty: ‘‘In the West Humboldt, East Humboldt, and Clover mountains, Nevada.”’ Range: Nevada and Utah to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec (Baker 409). Mountains and dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The specimen cited was named by Doctor Greene on the sheet as a new species and does not exactly agree with the other material of A. calycosus, the calyx teeth and the pubescence being noticeably different. The material we have seen is without fruit and we prefer to wait for more complete specimens before accepting it as a new species, 4. Astragalus nuttallianus DC. Prodr. 2: 289. 1825. Hamosa nuttalliana Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 204. 1906. Tyrer Locauiry: ‘‘In planitiebus Amer. Bor. ad Red-river.’’ RANGE: Mountains of Colorado and New Mexico to Arkansas and Texas. New Mexico: Farmington; Carrizo Mountains; Lemitar; Florida Mountains; Deming; Mangas Springs; Carrizalillo Mountains; Organ Mountains; Star Peak; mountains west of San Antonio; Roswell. Upper Sonoran Zone. Our plant is much more pubescent than the eastern form, which is the typical one, being always at least grayish from the abundant appressed pubescence. 5. Astragalus mollissimus Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 178. 1828. Loco WEED. Astragalus simulans Cockerell, Torreya 2: 154. 1902. TYPE LocaLity: On the Platte, Colorado. Ranae: Wyoming and Nebraska to New Mexico and western Nebraska. New Mexico: Las Vegas; Santa Rosa; Gray; Roswell; White Mountains; Sierra Grande; Nara Visa. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. This is one of the commonest and best known loco weeds. As we have seen it growing, it ismowhere very common in New Mexico and so does relatively little damage to stock interests. These remarks apply only to this species, not to all loco weeds. The type of A. simulans was collected near Las Vegas by Cockerell. 6. Astragalus oreophilus Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 31: 561. 1904. TYPE LocaLity: Pagosa Springs, Colorado. Rance: Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Taos; Pecos; Santa Fe; Tierra Amarilla; Chama. Damp meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 7. Astragalus yaquianus §. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 23: 270. 1888. Type Locauity: Moist banks and gravelly bars of the upper Yaqui River at Guer- rero, Chihuahua. _ Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico to Mexico. 362 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. New Mexico: White Mountains. Pine woods, in the Transition Zone. Mr. M. E. Jones is of the opinion that this is the same species that Doctor Watson described as.A. giganteus from the Davis Mountains of western Texas. He is probably correct, but the material of A. giganteus which we haye seen is not of such a character as to make it possible to decide the question, and the original description is not com- plete. In case Mr. Jones is correct, the name of the species is A. giganteus S. Wats, with A. yaguianus 8. Wats. and A. texanus Sheld.! as synonyms. 8. Astragalus goniatus Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 330. 1838. Tyrer Locauity: ‘‘Rocky Mountains, near the sources of the Platte,’’ Colorado. RANGE: Saskatchewan and Washington to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Ensenada; Las Vegas; Sierra Grande; Chama; Tierra Amarilla. In meadows and river valleys, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 9. Astragalus matthewsii 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 192. 1883. TypE LocaLity: Fort Wingate, New Mexico. Type collected by Matthews. Rance: Northwestern New Mexico, southwestern Colorado, and probably adjacent Arizona and Utah. New Mexico: Fort Wingate; Aztec. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This is probably too close to A. thompsonae 8. Wats., and field study will be neces- sary to determine the status of the two. 10. Astragalus bigelovii A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 42. 1853. Type LocALity: Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1358). RanGeE: Southern New Mexico, western Texas, and northern Chihuahua. New Mexico: Datil; Magdalena Mountains; mountains west of San Antonio; Lava; Kingston; Burro Mountains; Tres Hermanas; Organ Mountains; Dog Spring; Roswell. Low mountains and foothills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This is one of the common loco weeds of the southern part of the State, occasionally causing considerable loss to stockmen. Astragalus mogollonicus Greene? we have not seen, but Doctor Greene assures us that he is well acquainted with A. bigelovii, its nearest relative, and that the two are distinct. It should be found when the region from which it comes (‘‘bleak grassy summits of the Mogollon Mountains”) has been more thoroughly explored. Doctor Greene originally published the following comparison: ‘‘As compared with its nearest ally, A. bigelovii, the plant is a dwarf, being barely a span high. Its still smaller pods are much more densely woolly, and nearly straight at maturity, in which latter character, however, the species is at variance with the rest of the Mollissimi.”’ 11. Astragalus vaccarum A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 43. 1853. TyPE Locality: Ojo de Vaca, west of the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Wright (no. 1002). Rance: Known only from the type locality. 12. Astragalus thompsonae 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 10: 345. 1875. Astragalus bigelovii thompsonae Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 8: 23. 1898. Type Locauity: Southern Utah. Rance: Utah to Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec (Baker 405). Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 13. Astragalus cobrensis A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 43. 1853. TypE LocaLity: Santa Rita, New Mexico. Type collected by Bigelow. RanGE: Southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Rita; Burro Mountains; Kingston. In the drier mountains, Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 1 Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 65. 1894. 2 Bull. Torrey Club 8: 97. 1881. by WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 363 14. Astragalus humistratus A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 43. 1853. Tium humistratum Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 205. 1906. Tyrer Locaity: ‘‘Pebbly bed of a stream, and on hills under pine trees, near the Copper Mines,’’ New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1003). Rance: Mountains of Colorado and Utah to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Dulce; Pecos; Santa Rita; White Mountains; Black Range. Tran- sition Zone. This species is fairly common in the southern part of the State and in Arizona. It is associated with a nearly related species in New Mexico and with two close rela- tivesin Arizona. As here treated, A. hwmistratus is the form having deeply sulcate, somewhat recurved pods, thinly villous to glabrate leaflets, and not very conspicu- ousstipules. Astragalus sonorac is the close relative common in southern New Mexico. Tt has herbage persistently white-silky throughout, with conspicuous white, connate stipules, and a somewhat shorter pod than A. humistratus, described as not sulcate, but not infrequently dorsally suleate and recurved, though generally not so pro- nouncedly so as that of A. humistratus. On account of the pod characters originally given, these two species are usually widely separated in the lists of species, but they are very closely related. The other nearly related species is A. hosackiae Greene. 15. Astragalus alpinus L. Sp. Pl. 760. 1753. Tium alpinum Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 205. 1906. TypE Locauitry: ‘Habitat in Alpibus Lapponicis, Helveticis.”’ Rance: British America to Vermont and northern New Mexico; also in Europe and Asia. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; Rio Pueblo; Chama. Damp meadows and open woodlands, in the Transition and Canadian zones. 16. Astragalus rusbyi Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: 8. 1884. Type Locauity: ‘On Mt. Humphreys, in the northern part of Arizona.” Rance: Mountains of western New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Mountains west of Grant; Magdalena Mountains; Socorro; Craters; Mogollon Mountains. Transition Zone. 17. Astragalus altus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 136. 1913. TYPE Locaity: Toboggan, in the Sacramento Mountains. Otero County, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, July 31, 1899. RANGE: Sacramento Mountains of New Mexico. Similar to Astragalus rusbyi, but differing in its shorter and broader leaflets and crowded flowers on much shorter peduncles, and in the longer stipes and much less inflexed sutures of the pods. 18. Astragalus scopulorum Porter in Port. & Coult. Syn. Fl. Colo. 24. 1874, Tium scopulorum Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 205. 1906. Type Locarity: South Park, Colorado. Ranae: Mountains of Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Glorieta; Placitas. Transition Zone. 19. Astragalus brandegei Porter in Port. & Coult. Syn. Fl. Colo. 24. 1874. Atelophragma brandegei Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 205. 1906. TypE Locality: Banks of the Arkansas, near Canyon City, Colorado. Rance: Mountains of Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe; near Cliff. Transition Zone. 20. Astragalus praelongus Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 23. 1894. Astragalus procerus A, Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 369. 1878, not Boiss. & Haussk. 1867. Astragalus rothrockii Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 174. 1894. Astragalus pattersoni procerus Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. TI. 5: 636. 1895. 864 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Phacopsis praelongus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 206. 1906. Type Locauity: “‘Near St. Thomas, 8. E. Nevada, at the confluence of the Muddy River with the Virgen.”’ , RanGeE: Colorado and Utah to Nevada and New Mexico. New Mexico: Fort Wingate; Carrizo Mountains; Acoma; hills near Santa Fe; Rito Quemado; San Augustine Plains; Lemitar; Roswell. Upper Sonoran Zone. The three following specimens are doubtfully placed here; they are not sufficiently distinct to be separated by name. The pods are slightly smaller as are the leaves, the plants probably being starvelings: Albuquerque, June, 1881, Vasey; near Carri- zozo, July 22, 1901, Wooton; near Camp City, April, 1910, Wooton. This and the following species are coarse ill-smelling plants of the open plains and valleys at middle and lower elevations. The separation of the species rests more on geographical distribution than on characters, though the plant which lives in the drier and hotter area is glabrous. Mr. Jones may be right when he recognizes A. praelongus as merely a subspecies of A. pattersoni. The two are said to be poisonous, but we have never seen any evidence of their being eaten by stock. 21. Astragalus pattersoni A. Gray; T. 8. Brandeg. Bull. U.S. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. 2: 235. 1876. Phacopsis pattersoni Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 206. 1906. Type Locatity: Foothills of Gore Mountains, Colorado. Rance: Utah and Colorado to New Mexico. New Mexico: Cross L Ranch; Shiprock. Plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 22. Astragalus flaviflorus (Kuntze) Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 158. 1895. Astragalus flavus Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 335. 1838, not Phaca flava Hook. & Arn. 1833. Tragacantha flaviflora Kuntze, Rey. Gen. Pl. 2: 941. 1891. Cnemidophacos flaviflorus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 297. 1906. Type Locauity: ‘Hills of the central chain of the Rocky Mountains, toward the Oregon.”’ Rance: Mountains of New Mexico, northward to Wyoming. New Mexico: Western San Juan and McKinley counties. Transition Zone. 23. Astragalus newberryi A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 55. 1877. Xylophacos newberryi Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 207. 1906. Typr Locauity: ‘‘On the frontiers of Utah and Arizona.”’ Rance: Southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico to Arizona and Utah. New Mexico: Aztec (Baker 420). Upper Sonoran Zone. 24. Astragalus accumbens Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 157. 1894. Astragalus procumbens 8. Wats. Proc. Amer, Acad. 20: 361. 1885, not Hook. & Arn. 1833. Type Locauity: Near Fort Wingate, New Mexico. Type collected by Matthews. Rana@e: Northwestern New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. New Mexico: Western McKinley County. Upper Sonoran Zone. 25. Astragalus missouriensis Nutt. Gen. Pl. 2: 99. 1818. Xylophacos missouriensis Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 206. 1906. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the hills throughout Upper Louisiana.” RANGE: From the Upper Missouri through the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico and Texas. New Mexico: Pecos; Carrizo Mountains; Aztec; Stanley; mountains west of San Antonio; Raton; Sierra Grande; Round Mountain above Tularosa. Open hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 365 26. Astragalus shortianus Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 331. 1838. Astragalus cyaneus A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 34. 1849. Astragalus shortianus cyaneus Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 8: 5. 1898. Xylophacos shortianus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 297. 1906. Tyre tocauity: ‘“‘Rocky Mountains, toward the plains of the Oregon.”’ Rance: Northern New Mexico to Nebraska and Wyoming. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Shiprock; Albuquerque. Plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. The type of A. cyaneus was collected near Santa Fe by Fendler (no. 148). 27. Astragalus amphioxys A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 366. 1878. Xylophacos amphioxys Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 297. 1906. TyPrE Locatity: ‘‘Southern Utah and New Mexico and Northern Arizona.’’ Rance: Colorado to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Albuquerque; Carrizo Mountains. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 28. Astragalus bisulcatus (Hook.) A. Gray, U.S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 12: 42. 1860. Phaca bisulcata Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 145. 1833. Diholcos bisulcatus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 297. 1906. Tyrer Locality: ‘‘ Plains of the Saskatchewan.’’ RANGE: Saskatchewan and Nebraska to New Mexico. New Mexico: Springer; Raton; Nutritas Creek. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 29. Astragalus haydenianus A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 12: 56. 1876. Diholcos haydenianus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 207. 1906. TYPE LOCALITY: Southwestern Colorado. Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico. New Mexico: Nutria; Ramah; Dulce; Chama. Hillsides, in the Transition Zone. 30. Astragalus diversifolius A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 6: 230. 1866, Homalobus orthocarpus Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 351. 1838, not Astra- galus orthocarpus Boiss. 1849. Astragalus junciformis A. Nels. Bull. Torrey Club 26: 9. 1900. Homalobus junciformis Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 210. 1906. Tyrer Locauity: ‘‘Sandy plains of the Colorado of the West, near the sources of the Platte.” Rance: Idaho to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Gallup (Herrick 812). Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. Characterized by the peculiar rushlike, apparently leafless stems and slender straight pods. 31. Astragalus tenellus Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 473. 1814. Astragalus multiflorus A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 6: 226. 1864. Homalobus tenellus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 209. 1906. Typr Locauity: ‘‘On the banks of the Missouri.”’ Rance: Mountains of New Mexico, northward throughout the Rocky Mountains. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Ponchuelo Creek. Transition Zone. 82. Astragalus wingatanus S. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 192. 1883. Homalobus wingatanus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 209. 1906. TYPE Locauity: Fort Wingate, New Mexico. Type collected by Matthews. Rance: Western New Mexico and eastern Arizona. New Mexico: Fort Wingate: Carrizo Mountains. MHillsides, in the Transition Zone. 366 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 33. Astragalus proximus (Rydb.) Woot. & Standl. Homalobus prozimus Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 667. 1905. Tyre tocauity: Arboles, Colorado. Rance: Southwestern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec (Baker 427). Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 34. Astragalus fendleri A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 44. 1853. Phaca fendleri A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 36. 1849. Homalobus fendleri Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 210. 1906. Type LocaLity: Mountains between Santa Fe and Pecos, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 157). RanGE: Southern Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Raton. Sandy plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. There has been much uncertainty about this species, largely because Doctor Gray confused it originally with what he afterwards described as A. greenei. The true Astragalus fendleri is most closely related to A. fleruosus and A. hallii. Its pods are larger at the distal end and taper at the base, being almost intermediate between the small terete pod of A. flexwosus and the considerably larger terete pod of A. hallii, but not stipitate nor inflated as in A. greenei. The plant was originally described as being ‘‘a foot high.’’ 35. Astragalus flexuosus Dougl.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 141. 1833. Phaca flecuosa Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer, 1: 141. 1833. Homalobus flecuosus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 210. 1906. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Abundant on elevated and dry fertile soils of the Red River and Assinaboin, lat. 50°.’’ Rance: Alberta and Saskatchewan to Kansas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande; El Rito; Glorieta; White Mountains; Capitan Moun- tains; Sacramento Mountains. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 36. Astragalus coltoni Jones, Zoe 2: 237. 1891. TYPE Locauity: Canyons of the Coal Range at Castle Gate, Utah. Rance: Utah and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains (Matthews). Our specimens and the material collected later at the type locality by Mr. Jones have as many as 5 pairs of leaflets. 37. Astragalus lonchocarpus Torr. U.S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 4: 80. 1857. Phaca macrocarpa DC, err. det. A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 36. 1849. Homalobus macrocarpus Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 210. 1906. TypE Locatity: Rocky declivities, near Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 160). RANGE: Utah and Colorado to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Fort Wingate; Santa Fe; Pecos; Llano Estacado; Chama. Open hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 38. Astragalus ceramicus Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 19. 1894. Phaca picta A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 37. 1849. Astragalus pictus A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 6: 214. 1866, not Steud. 1840. Astragalus pictus foliosus A. Gray, loc. cit. Type LocaALity: Loose, sandy soil on the banks of the Rio Grande del Norte, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 161). RANGE: Colorado and Utah to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Aztec; hills west of Santa Fe. Upper Sonoran Zone, ’ ‘ WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 367 The number of leaflets and the degree of prolongation of the rachis vary considerably, even on the same plant. It is doubtful if any of the New Mexican material belongs to the typical Phaca picta as originally described by Gray, and some of the specimens from the western part of the State approach Phaca longifolia (Pursh) Nutt. 39. Astragalus thurberi A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 5: 312. 1854. Type Locauity: ‘‘Near Fronteras, &c, Sonora; on dry plains.” Rance: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Below Silver City; Dog Spring. Upper Sonoran Zone. 40. Astragalus wootoni Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 138. 1894. Astragalus triflorus A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 45. 1853, at least in part, not Phaca tri- flora DC. Astragalus playanus Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 8: 6. 1898. Type Locatity: Near Las Cruces, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Mountains west of San Antonio; Cactus Flat; Paraje; Mesilla Valley; Carrizalillo Mountains. Valleys and low flats, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. The original description of this plant is incorrect in calling it a perennial, for it is anannual. It issimilar in general appearance (in pressed specimens) to A. allochrous, which occurs in the same region, but the latter is a short-lived perennial and a larger plant with larger bluish purple flowers and somewhat larger pods. The flowers of A. wootoni are reddish purple and generally small. It is a member of the rather scanty spring flora of the region and is usually gone by the middle of the summer. It would seem to be closely related to A. geyeri, a plant with a more northerly dis- tribution and with paler flowers. 41. Astragalus allochrous A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 366. 1878. Astragalus triflorus A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 45. 1853, in part. Type Locatity: Near Wickenburg, Arizona. Rance: Utah and Colorado to Arizona, western Texas, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Horse Spring; Zuni Reservation; Cactus Flat; Kingston; Mangas Springs; plains south of the White Sands; foothills of Organ Mountains; Rio Gila near Redrock; east of Hachita; Albuquerque. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This is evidently the plant Doctor Rydberg cites as Phaca candolleana H. B. K. in the Flora of Colorado,! and that may be the proper name for the species. We are inclined to doubt such an extended range, however, and retain the later name for the plant of the United States. 42. Astragalus subcinereus A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 18: 366. 1878. Typr Ltocatity: Mokiak Pass, northwestern Arizona. Rane@e: Arizona and Utah to western New Mexico. New Mexico: Northwestern corner of the State. The fruit is strikingly like that figured for Phaca candolleana by the authors of that species. We are not acquainted with it in the field. 43. Astragalus gilensis Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 8: 97. 1881. Type Locauity: On a high summit at the mouth of the canyon of the Gila River, New Mexico. Type collected by Greene. Rance: Mountains of western New Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Hillsboro. Transition Zone. Mr. Jones’s statements? that the pods are ‘‘thin-chartaceous” and ‘‘flattened laterally” do not agree with Doctor Greene’s original description nor with the New Mexican specimens. 1 Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100; 211. 1906. 2 Zoe 4: 27. 1893. 3068 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 44. Astragalus elatiocarpus Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 20. 1894. Astragalus lotiflorus brachypus A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 6: 209. 1866, not A. brachypus Schrenk. 1841. Astragalus ammolotus Greene, Erythea 3: 76. 1895. Phaca elatiocarpa Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 211. 1906. Type Locauity: Silver Lake, Ottertail County, Minnesota. Rance: Minnesota and Saskatchewan to Missouri and Texas, in the Rocky Moun- tains south to New Mexico. New Mexico: Near San Juan (Heller 3768). Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 45. Astragalus sonorae A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 44. 1853. Tyre Locauity: Mountain valleys, between the San Pedro and the Sonoita, Sonora. Range: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and northern Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; west of Patterson; near Grant; Organ Mountains. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This species is very near A. humistratus A. Gray, possibly too near to be kept dis- tinct. As originally described, the pods are not compressed and neither suture is introverted, but the plants not infrequently have pods almost identical with those of A. humistratus, while the other characters (pubescence, stipules, etc.) are those of A. sonorae. 46. Astragalus greenei A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 16: 105. 1880. Astragalus fendleri A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 44. 1853, not Phaca fendleri A. Gray, 1849. Astragalus fallax 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 20: 362. 1885, not Fisher, 1853. Astragalus famelicus Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 23. 1894. Astragalus gracilentus greenei Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 8: 14. 1898. Astragalus gracilentus faliax Jones, loc. cit. Type Locatity: Foothills of the Mogollon Mountains, New Mexico. Type col- lected by E. L. Greene, April 20, 1880. Rance: Mountains of western New Mexico, and in Arizona. New Mexico: Santa Rita; Mimbres; Mogollon Mountains. Transition Zone. The synonymy of this species is considerably involved. Doctor Gray named Phaca fendleri from material collected at Santa Fe by Fendler. The species, he thought, might be ‘‘too near P. fleruosa.’’ Later he gave additional notes on the species, based upon Wright’s specimens from near the Copper Mines, and transferred it to the genus Astragalus. Unfortunately the Wright plants were not the same species as those of Fendler. Years afterwards Doctor Gray received material from the region of Santa Rita through Doctor Greene, which he named Astragalus greenet, without recognizing it as the species Wright had collected. In 1885 Doctor Watson discovered the mistake made originally by Doctor Gray and named the Wright plant Astragalus fallax, apparently without discovering its identity with A. greenei. In 1894 Mr. E. P. Sheldon found an older Astragalus fallax and renamed the species A. famelicus. Myr. Jones has recognized the similarity of A. greenei and A. fallax and reduced them to subspecies of A. gracilentus A. Gray, a plant named from Santa Fe which is, in all probability, A. fleruosus, although we have no means. of being absolutely sure at this time. At any rate that plant is described as having sessile, oblong pods 5 mm. in diameter, while the plants from the Santa Rita region have short-stipitate pods about 10 mm. in diameter. Assuming that they are not the same as the Santa Fe plant, the Santa Rita plants will take the name Astragalus greenei. 47. Astragalus gertrudis Greene, Leaflets 2: 43. 1910. TyPE LocaLity: Taos County, New Mexico. Type collected by Heller (no. 3598). RANGE: Hills west and northwest of Santa Fe. New Mexico: Between Barranca and Embudo; hills west of Santa Fe. Upper Sonoran Zone, ‘ ee on tn ae Ce pcre es ty eg oe eee ev or WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 369 48. Astragalus neomexicanus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 136. 1913. Type Locauity: James Canyon in the Sacramento Mountains near Cloudcroft, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, July 23, 1899. RaNGe: Known only from the type locality, in the Transition Zone. 49. Astragalus tephrodes A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 45. 1853. Type Locarity: Plains at the base of the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type ' collected by Wright. Rance: Southern New Mexico and probably in northern Mexico. New Mexico: Hillsboro; Florida Mountains; mountains west of San Antonio; Organ Mountains; Tres Hermanas. Low mountains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 50.. Astragalus remulcus Jones, Proc. Calif. Acad. II. 5: 658. 1895. Tyrr LocaLity: Banghartes Ranch, Arizona. Rance: Mountains of central Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Kingman; Socorro; mesa south of Atarque de Garcia; Mimbres. Transition Zone. The species does not seem to be sufficiently distinct (judging merely from dried material and descriptions) from A. pephragmenus M. E. Jones, but we hesitate to change the name without a-field knowledge of the two plants.: In all the New Mex- ican material the pods are not glabrous but puberulent. 51. Astragalus albulus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 136. 1913. Type tocauiry: In a canyon on the road to Zuni some distance south of Gallup, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 2649). Rance: Northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Canyon south of Gallup; Shiprock. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 52. Astragalus drummondii Dougl.; Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 153. pl. 57. 1833. Tium drummondii Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 659. 1906. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘ Eagle and Red-Deer Hills of the Saskatchewan.”’ RANGE: Saskatchewan and Alberta to Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Sierra Grande (Standley 6091). Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 53. Astragalus impensus (Sheld.) Woot. & Standl. Astragalus kentrophyta elata 8. Wats. in King, Geol. Expl. 40th Par. 5: 77. 1871. Astragalus viridis impensus Sheld. Minn. Bot. Stud. 9: 118. 1894. Astragalus kentrophyta impensus Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 10: 63. 1902. Kentrophyta impensa Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 665. 1906. Typr Locauity: Holmes Creek Valley, Nevada. Rance: Nevada to Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Shiprock (Standley 7850). Sandy plains, in the Upper Scnoran Zone. 54. Astragalus hosackiae Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 1: 157. 1885. Type Ltocauity: Northern Arizona. Ranae: Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Hanover Mountain (Holzinger). Low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 52576 °—15——24 370 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 20. OXYTROPIS DC. Loco weep. Like Astragalus in most particulars, but distinguished By the short subulate pro- longation or beak of the keel. Several of the species are noxious loco weeds and do as much damage or more’ than the species of Astragalus that pass under the same name. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Stipules free from the petiole; pods pendulous............--.------ 1. O. deflexa. Stipules adnate to the petiole; pods erect. Leaflets many, subverticillate; flowers purple..........---.-- 2. O. richardsoni. Leaflets few, not verticillate; flowers purple to white. Flowers:1 to 3; plants 10 cm. high orless..-.-2..-2.-2-.-.- 3. O. parryi. Flowers numerous; plants more than 10 cm. high. . Flowers purpleses 5s: ..u. soo eae ares eee wee 4. O. lambertii. Flowers white, the keel often spotted with purple. Plants tall, 30 cm. or more; inflorescence elon- Ee 0 IS ae es i et age AR bapa Ma el at 5. O. pinetorum. Plants low, 15 cm. or less; inflorescence short and densee ss Pst BS AE os ea 6. O. vegana. 1. Oxytropis deflexa (Pall.) A. DC. Astrag. 96. 1802. Astragalus deflecus Pall. Act. Acad. Petrop. 37: 268. pl. 15. 1779. Aragallus deflecus Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. 4. 1898. Type Locauity: Southern Siberia. Rance: British America to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Rio Pueblo; Chama. Damp woods, in the Canadian Zone. 2. Oxytropis richardsoni (Hook.) Woot. & Standl. Oxytropis splendens richardsoni Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 148. 1833. Aragallus richardsoni Greene, Pittonia 4: 69. 1899. Type Locauiry: ‘From Cumberland-House on the Saskatchewan, north to Fort- Franklin and the Bear Lake, and west to the dry Prairies of the Rocky Mountains.”’ Rance: British America to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Costilla Valley. High moun- tain meadows, in the Canadian Zone. A very handsome plant, occurring in great abundance in parks in the Santa Fe and Las Vegas ranges. 8. Oxytropis parryi A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 20: 4. 1885. Aragallus parryi Greene, Pittonia 3: 212. 1897. Type Locauity: ‘‘Rocky Mountains of Northern New Mexico and Colorado, near the limit of trees.” Rance: Colorado and northern New Mexico. ° New Mexico: Pecos Baldy (Bailey 616). High mountain meadows, in the Arctic- Alpine Zone. 4. Oyxtropis lambertii Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 740. 1814. Aragallus lambertii Greene, Pittonia 3: 212. 1897. Aragallus metcalfei Greene, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 18: 12. 1905. Tyrer Locauity: “On the Missouri.”’ Rance: British America to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Mountains and high plains nearly throughout the State. Meadows, Upper Sonoran to Canadian Zone. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. Sit Probably the most abundant and widely scattered loco weed in the State. It closely resembles Astragalus mollissimus. The type of Aragallus metcalfei was col- lected in the Black Range ( Metcalfe in 1904). 5. Oxytropis pinetorum (Heller) Woot. & Standl. Aragallus pinetorum Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 26: 548. 1899. Tyre Locatity: ‘‘On gravelly hills thinly clothed with pine trees, at a point 11 miles southeast of Santa Fe,’? New Mexico. Type collected by Heller (no. 3751). Rance: New Mexico. New Mexico: Between Santa Fe and Canyoncito; near Clark; Burro Mountains; Gray; White Mountains; Sierra Grande; Knowles; Redlands; Nara Visa; Pecos; Saw- yers Peak. Mountains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 6. Oxytropis vegana (Cockerell) Woot. & Standl. Aragallus pinetorum veganus Cockerell, Torreya 2: 155. 1902. Aragallus veganus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 136. 1913. TypE Locatity: Top of the Las Vegas Range, above Sapello Canyon, New Mexico. Type collected by Fabidn Garcia, June 26, 1901. Rance: Known only from the vicinity of the type locality. 21. GLYCYRRHIZA L. WILD Licorice. Erect glandular-punctate herbaceous perennial with more or less resinous, odd- pinnate leaves and short axillary racemes of greenish white flowers; pods short, few- seeded, covered with short hooked prickles. 1. Glycyrrhiza lepidota Nutt. Gen. Pl. 2: 106. 1818. Tyre Locauity: St. Louis, Missouri. Rance: British America to Arkansas, New Mexico, and California. New Mexico: Zuni; San Juan; McCarthy Station; Ojo Caliente; Mogollon Moun- tains; Mesilla Valley; Farmington; Chama; Raton; Pecos; Albert. Wet ground, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. A common weed in cultivated ground and along ditch banks. 22. ONOBRYCHIS L. Slender annual; leaves odd-pinnate, the leaflets cuneate-lanceolate, entire, gla- brous; flowers purplish red, in elongate spikes; calyx 5-toothed; stamens diadelphous; fruit a loment, 1 or 2-seeded, the joints spiny-toothed, pubescent. 1. Onobrychis onobrychis (L.) Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 256. 1900. SANFOIN. Hedysarum onobrychis L. Sp. Pl. 751. 1753. Onobrychis sativa Lam. in Lam. & DC. Frang¢. 2: 652. 1778. TYPE LOCALITY: European. New Mexico: Mangas Springs (J. K. Metcalfe 5). Often cultivated and possibly escaped here. 23. MEIBOMIA Heist. Tick TREFOID. Annual or perennial, erect or spreading herbs, usually slender, with pinnate 3- foliolate stipulate leaves and elongated, sparsely flowered, terminal racemes; flowers small, pale pink or darker, subtended by bracts; calyx 5-toothed; stamens diadel- phous; fruit a loment with flattened, reticulately veined, orbicular to elliptic segments. The plants of this genus are much prized by sheepmen because of their feeding value. They occur mainly in the mountains in the timbered areas. 372 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. KEY TO THE SPECIES, Annuals. ‘ Pods twisted; all joints except the terminal one pubescent; lentlota bmogd-o-- etree pees see oe ee cer pa eee . 1. M. bigelovii. Pods straight; all joints glabrous or nearly so; leaflets narrow.. 2. M. neomexicana. Perennials. LOMenin Sia GrOls. es cscs serene eee en sen epee eee 3. M. batocaulis. Loments pubescent. Leaflets ovate to orbicular, obtuse...............------- 4. M. grahami. Leaflets lanceolate to linear, acute or acutish. Leaflets glabrous and shining above, lanceolate; BLCINS SIAMROUS- os sie 1c econ eee 5. M. metcalfer. Leaflets densely pubescent above, linear to linear- oblong; stems pubescent......--..---.------ 6. M. arizonica. 1. Meibomia bigelovii (A. Gray) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 197. 1891. Desmodium bigelovii A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 47. 1853. Desmodium spirale bigelovii Robins. & Greenm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 29: 385. 1894. Type Locauity: Valley on the San Pedro, Sonora. Rance: Southern New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. : New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Black Range; San Luis Mountains; Organ Moun- tains; Gila Hot Springs. Dry hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Meibomia neomexicana (A. Gray) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 198. 1891. Desmodium neomexicanum A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 53. 1852. Desmodium exiguum A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 46. 1853. Type Locauity: Mountain valley 30 miles east of El Paso, Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southern Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Pinos Altos Mountains; Burro Mountains; Mogollon Mountains; San Luis Mountains; Organ Mountains. Dry rocky hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 8. Meibomia batocaulis (A. Gray) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 197. 1891. Desmodium batocaulon A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 47. 1853. Type Locatity: Stony banks of small streams, on the San Pedro, Sonora. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: San Luis Mountains ( Mearns 2138). 4. Meibomia grahami (A. Gray) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 1: 198. 1891. Desmodium grahami A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 48. 1853. TYPE LocALITy: On mountains, near the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type col- lected by Wright (no. 1015). Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Fort Bayard; Mogollon Mountains; San Luis Moun- tains; Kingston; Organ Mountains. Dry hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 5. Meibomia metcalfei Rose & Painter, Bot. Gaz. 40: 144. 1905. TyPE LocaLiry: Animas Creek in the Black Range, Grant County, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 1137). RanGE: Southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Animas Creek; Pine Cienaga. 6. Meibomia arizonica (S. Wats.) Vail, Bull. Torrey Club 19: 117. 1892. Desmodium arizonicum 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 20: 363. 1885. Type LocaLity: Arizona. Rance: Arizona and New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. $i3" 24. HEDYSARUM L. Perennial herb with odd-pinnate leaves and terminal racemes of purple flowers; calyx 5-toothed, the teeth subulate; keel straight, unappendaged, longer than the wings; fruit a loment with 3 to 5 flat, conspicuously nerved, elliptic segments, 1. Hedysarum pabulare A. Nels. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 15: 185. 1902. Typr Locauity: Not stated. Rance: Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Canyoncito; near Fort Defiance; Raton. Open hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 25. VICIA L. Wurp vetTcH. Slender herbs climbing by tendrils borne at the ends of the pinnate leaves; stipules semisagittate; flowers in axUlary racemes or few-flowered clusters; calyx 5-toothed, the upper divisions sometimes shorter; wings of the corolla adnate to the keel; stamens mostly diadelphous; style filiform, hairy all around or only on the back at the apex; pods flat, 2 to several-seeded, 2-valved. The plants are never very abundant, but are found almost all over the State, com- monest at middle elevations in the mountains. They are all eaten by stock and con- sidered good feed. Vicia cracca, the common vetch, is not infrequently cultivated in various parts of the State as a fodder or soiling crop. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Hiowers sessile or Nearly 60-00. 22.2 2e- ss. erie sees tte ee 7. V. angustifolia. Flowers long-pedicellate. Flowers 15 mm. long or more. ; Leaflets abundantly pubescent...-..-.....-..--.--.--- 8. V. caespitosa. Leaflets glabrous, at least in age. Leaflets thin, not strongly veined, usually oval, often MTLeH EA LON SY) bos Po, Soe ee eee oe oe 1. V. americana. Leaflets thick, strongly veined, linear or linear- oblong. Leaflets elongated-linear; plants low.........-- 9. V. sparsifolia. Leaflets, at least the upper ones, oblong to linear- oblong; plants tall, climbing. ..........- 10. V. dissitifolia. Flowers less than 9 mm. long. Flowers 6 to 20 in each raceme. Flowers pale purple, drying blue; racemes with usu- ally less than 10 flowers............--.-.----- 2. V. pulchella. Flowers white; racemes 15 to a0-fawered ee ee oan a Te MLOLoldess Peduncles with 1 to 4 flowers. Peduncles 3 to 4-flowered; flowers bright blue. ....- 4. V. leavenworthit. Peduncles 1 or 2-flowered; flowers pale blue or whitish. Pods glabrous; calyx not pilose..........-.---- 5. V. exigua. Pods pubescent; calyx pilose.................-- 6. V. leucophaea. 1. Vicia americana Muhl.; Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 1096. 1801. Vicia truncata Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 270. 1838. Vicia linearis Nutt. op. cit. 276. TyPeE Locauity: “‘Pennsylvania.”’ i Rance: British America to New York and New Jersey, west to Kansas, New Mexico and California. New Mexico: Common in a/l the higher mountains of the State. Thickets, in the Transition Zone. 374 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. This is the common bright blue flowered vetch of the timbered mountains every- where in the State. The leaf form varies greatly, the leaflets being from broadly elliptic to narrowly linear-oblong. The name V. linearis is often applied to the plants with very narrow leaflets, but the form does not appear to be constant, and all intermediates are found, even in the same locality. 2. Vicia pulchella H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6: 499. pl. 583. 1823. TyPE Locatity: ‘‘Crescit in declivitate occidentali montium Mexicanorum prope Mescala, alt. 265 hex.’’ RANGE: New Mexico and western Texas to Arizona and Mexico. New Mexico: White and Sacramento mountains. Thickets, in the Transition Zone. 3. Vicia melilotoides Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16:141. 1913. TyPeE LocALity: Winsors Ranch in the Pecos River National Forest, New Mexico. Type collected by Standley (no. 4364). Rance: New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Coolidge; Mogollon Mountains; Black Range; White and Sacramento mountains. Moist meadows and thickets, in the Transition Zone. This has long been confused with V. pulchella, which it closely resembles in general appearance. The flowers, however, are white instead of blue as in that species, and much more numerous, while the peduncles are shorter and the calyx less pubescent. Both species are found in the same region in the White Mountains, where they are at once distinguishable in the field. A. Vicia leavenworthii Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 271. 18388. Type Loca.ity: ‘‘Arkansas.”’ Rance: Arkansas and Oklahoma to Texas and New Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. New Mexico: Gray (Skehan 88). 5. Vicia exigua Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 272. 1838. Type Loca.ity: ‘‘Plains of the Oregon and Upper California.”’ RANGE: Oregon and California to New Mexico and western Texas. New Mexico: Carrizalillo Mountains; Mangas Springs; Lemitar; Organ Mountains; Mesilla; Gray; Sierra Grande; Star Peak. Hills and canyons, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 6. Vicia leucophaea Greene, Bot. Gaz. 6: 217. 1881. Type Locauity: ‘‘Along streams in the higher mountains of southwestern New Mexico.’”’ Type collected by Greene. Rance: Western New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains; Hanover Mountain. Transition Zone. 7. Vicia angustifolia Reich. Fl. Moen. Franc. 2: 44, 1778. Tyre LocALity: European. New Mexico: Chama (Standley 6696). Introduced from Europe, but the plants seemed to be at home in a wet meadow near Chama. 8. Vicia caespitosa A. Nels. Bull. Torrey Club 25: 373. 1908. Typr Locauity: Laramie Plains, Wyoming. Rance: Wyoming to New Mexico. New Mexico: Clayton; Kingston. Open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran and Tran- sition zones. —— sn ee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 375 9. Vicia sparsifolia Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 270. 1838. Type Locauity: ‘Plains of the Oregon.”’ Rance: Alberta and Montana to California and Kansas. New Mexico: Raton (Standley 6304). Open hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 10. Vicia dissitifolia (Nutt.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 38: 144. 1906. Lathyrus dissitifolius Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 1: 277. 1838. Typk Locauity: Plains of the Platte. Rance: Nebraska to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; near Pecos. Mountains and hills, in the Transition Zone. 26. LATHYRUS L. Witp pra. Low, mostly slender and short-stemmed herbs with pinnate leaves terminating in tendrils, or the tendrils much reduced or wanting; stems erect or climbing; similar to Vicia, but flowers usually larger, banner more recurved, and the style flattened near the apex and hairy only along the inner side. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Plants erect; tendrils none or much reduced. Pints conspicuously pubescent. = 5-22 222-202. 222222: 6. LD. incanus. Plants glabrous. Flowers purple, 15 mm. long or more} leaflets thick.... 1. L. decaphylius. Flowers ochroleucous, 10 mm. long or less; leaflets thin. Heatiets oy all To ObIONE aij0 <1. c0'ssidis Satsias o: to40-foliolate.... a2 .62 sesame oy 3. ASTROPHYLLUM (p. 390). 1. RUTOSMA A. Gray. Perennial herb, 30 cm. high or less, with small linear sessile leaves and inconspic- uous flowers; fruit of 2 divergent carpels. 1. Rutosma purpurea Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 143. 1913. TYPE LOCALITY: On an arid rocky slope at Bishops Cap at the south end of the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, March 30, 1905. RANGE: Western Texas to southern Arizona. New Mexico: San Andreas Mountains; Organ Mountains; Carrizalillo Mountains; south of Hillsboro; Mangas Springs. Dry rocky hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 2. PTELEA L. SHRUBBY TREFOIL. Branching shrubs, 2 to 3 meters high, with smooth dark-colored bark on the old stems and greenish or yellow or reddish brown bark on the young stems, strongly scented; leaves 3-foliolate, the leaflets oblong-lanceolate or rhombic, the terminal one attenuate at the base, the lateral ones inequilateral, pellucid-punctate; flowers polygamous, greenish yellow, small, cymose; sepals, petals, and stamens 4 or 5, the last abortive in the pistillate flowers; ovary 2 or 3-celled; fruit a flattened, 2 or 3-seeded, disk-shaped, reticulate samara. WOOTTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 389 KEY TO THE SPECIES... Younger branches pale yellow or straw-colored; plants sweet- scented; leaves turning bright yellow in autumn.......... 1. P. angustifolia. Younger branches reddish brown; plants ill-scented; leaves green EMCI Ute east. 2 s)Fee n'g eo ite cette eis 2. P. tomentosa. 1. Ptelea angustifolia Benth. Pl. Hartw. 9. 1839. Ptelea verrucosa Greene, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 10: 69. 1906. Ptelea confinis Greene, op. cit. 72. TypE LocaLity: Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to southern California, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Bishops Cap; Dona Ana Mountains; Florida Mountains. Dry hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. For further synonymy of this species see the North American Flora.! Ptelea angustifolia is there considered to be a synonym of P. baldwinii Torr. & Gray, but the southwestern plants seem different from those of Florida, the type locality of P. baldwinti. The type of P. verrucosa was collected by the Mexican Boundary Survey, possibly in New Mexico. The type of P. confinis was collected near El Paso, Texas, by G. R. Vasey. 2. Ptelea tomentosa Raf. Fl. Ludov. 108. 1817. Ptelea formosa Greene, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 10: 59. 1906. Ptelea villosula Greene, op. cit. 60. Ptelea undulata Greene, op. cit. 62. Ptelea cognata Greene, loc. cit. Pielea jucunda Greene, op. cit. 63. Ptelea parvula Greene, op. cit. 64. Ptelea monticola Greene, loc. cit. Ptelea similis Greene, op. cit. 65. Pielea polyadenia Greene, loc. cit. Pielea subvestita Greene, op. cit. 67. Pielea neomexicana Greene, op. cit. 68. Tyrer Locaity: Louisiana. Rance: Arizona and New Mexico, eastward to the Atlantic coast. New Mexico: Pajarito Park; Sandia Mountains; Coolidge; Barranca; Black Range; Burro Mountains; west of Chloride; Big Hatchet Mountains; Organ Mountains; White Mountains; San Luis Mountains. Canyons, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. For further synonomy of the species see the North American Flora.2. A great many segregates of this group have been described recently, but there seems to be no means of separating the named forms definitely, at least without ampler material than is now available. The type of P. formosa came from the White Mountains of New Mexico (Wooton 657); that of P. villosula from the Organ Mountains (Wooton 134); that of P. undulata from the Burro Mountains (Rusby 111); that of P. cognata from Fort Huachuca, Arizona; the type of P. jucunda from the San Luis Mountains (Mearns 383); of P. parvula from the White Mountains (Wooton 658); of P. monticola from the Guadalupe Mountains of western Texas; of P. similis from near Clifton, Arizona, near the New Mexico line; of P. polyadenia trom the Canadian River, possibly in New Mexico (Bigelow); of P. subvestita from about Silver City and Fort Bayard (Greene); of P. neomexicana from the Black Range ( Metcalfe 1479). + 25: 210. 1911. 225: 209. 1911. 390 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 3. ASTROPHYLLUM Torr. Low shrub with rather thick rough stems bearing opposite, palmately 5 to 10-foliolate leaves crowded near the ends; leaflets linear, thick, bright green, coarsely dentate, conspicuously glandular-punctate; flowers large, 10 to 20 mm. in diameter, solitary or in 2 to 4-flowered clusters, axillary, white; stamens 8 to 10; ovary 5-lobed, hairy, becoming a 2-celled capsule by the abortion of some of the cells. 1. Astrophyllum dumosum Torr. U. 8. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 2: 161. 1855. ; SorILua. TYPE LOCALITY: On the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by Pope. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona. New Mexico: San Andreas Mountains. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. Probably the type came from the San Andreas Range rather than from the Organs, for the shrub has not been found in the latter range in recent years, although it occurs in the San Andreas just to the north. Pope’s expedition crossed over the pass lying between the two ranges. 78. SIMARUBACEAE. Quassia Family. 1. AILANTHUS Desf. 1. Ailanthus glandulosa Desf. Mém. Acad. Sci. Paris 1786: 265. 1789. TREE-OF-HEAVEN. This has been somewhat extensively introduced into the southern part of the State, where it is of value as a shade tree. It frequently is 10 meters high or more. It has smooth bark and leaves resembling in shape those of the sumac or walnut, 30 to 60 em. long. The small, dull white, polygamous, very malodorous flowers are borne in large terminal panicles; they are succeeded by the cluster of winged, 1-seeded, reddish samaras. It is a native of Eastern Asia. 79. MELIACEAE. China-berry Family. 1. MELIA L. 1. Melia azederach L. Sp. Pl. 384. 1753. CHINA-BERRY. An introduced tree, often escaped in the southern part of the State, where it is one of the most common shade trees. It reaches a height of 8 to 10 meters and is widely branching and umbraculiform. The leaves are large, 30 to 90 cm. long, twice pinnate, with large, glossy, green leaflets. The abundant, pale lavender, sweet-scented flow- ers are complete, 5 or 6-merous, with 10 to 12 monadelphous stamens, the filaments being produced beyond the anthers. The ‘‘berries” are at first pulpy: but at last a spherical, dry, several-seeded fruit 10 to 15 mm.in diameter. It is native in the warm parts of the Old World. Order 29. POLYGALALES. 80. POLYGALACEAE. Milkwort Family. Herbs or low shrubs with simple entire leaves and no stipules; flowers mostly small, papilionaceous in appearance; sepals 2; petals 3; stamens monadelphous or diadel- phous, with 1-celled anthers opening by a terminal pore; pods flat, 1 or 2-celled. KEY TO THE GENERA. { Sreca ke Bore: ic Reena ne els BEN Rnd ae SS a 1. Monnrina (p. 391). POGS 2-COUGU ce eRe «8 oa Shards ce cake eee ae ae 2. PotyGata (p. 391). WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 391 1. MONNINA Ruiz & Pav. Slender annual 30 cm. high or less, with terminal racemes of small blue flowers; leaves linear-lanceolate, 2 to 5 cm. long, acute; flowers about 3 mm. long, on deflexed pedicels; stamens 6, in two groups; fruit a small, circular, winged, minutely reticulate pod, the sides carinately 1-nerved. 1. Monnina wrightii A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 31. 1853. TyPE LocaALity: Crevices of rocks, mountain sides, near the Copper Mines, New exico. Type collected by Wright (no. 938). Ran@eE: Southern New Mexico and Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Creek; Kingston; Mangas Springs. Transition Zone. 2. POLYGALA L. Minkwort. Low herbs or shrubs with solitary or racemose flowers and small simple leaves; sepals 5, the 2 lateral ones large and petaloid; petals 3, united to each other and to the stamen tube, the middle one (keel) often crested or appendaged; stamens 6 or 8; pods 2-celled, flattened contrary to the partition, sometimes winged. KEY TO THE SPECIES. PACIVTNU Tet Leet erates, See ence ye ene ye Sage eo cia Sta onvaraicrstsie ByslAslejava au 9. P. viridescens. Perennials. Keel of the corolla with a fimbriate crest; flowers white. BEI TOL WIPO usa cee inane ccc bees cites see 1. P. alba. Fruit winged. Mature capsule obscurely winged; inflorescence ERR ee ae eNO GN ee Saves OR oe aid 2. P. scoparia. Mature capsule with a broad half-wing; inflores- cence glabrous; leaves spreading, thin, pr@adier: a2 etal. Spel hath eee epee Sc cicrsin 3. P. hemipterocarpa. Keel not crested, sometimes with a solitary beaklike process; flowers variously colored. PA WMGMS BOLbARY 0 22300155 es eee eee ew cine 4. P. macradenta. Flowers racemose. Stems woody, with spinose tips..............-...- 5. P. subspinosa. Stems herbaceous, not spinose-tipped. Keel furnished with a beaklike process; leaves PIA DUOUs, SUINUD Eek ad Soke En cin ele a aie 6. P. parvifolia. Keel not beaked; leaves pubernlent, never shining. Faces of the fruit puberulent; leaves lance- olate, acute thin=nemosss ere 7. P. neomexicana. Faces of the fruit glabrous; leaves linear or oblong-linear, mostly obtuse, thick. 8. P. puberula. 1. Polygala alba Nutt. Gen. Pl. 2: 87. 1818. TypE Locauity: ‘On the plains of the Missouri.”’ Rance: Washington and North Dakota to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Coolidge; Bear Mountain; Magdalena Mountains; White Mountains; Capitan Mountains; Torrance; Redlands; Nara Visa; Organ Mountains; Clayton; San- dia Mountains; Queen; Knowles. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition Zones. 2. Polygala scoparia H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 5: 399. 1821. Polygala scoparia multicaulis A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 38. 1852. TypPE Locauity: ‘‘Crescit prope Mexico, alt. 1170 hex.”’ Rance: Western Texas to;outhern Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Dog Spring ( Mearns 41). 392 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 3. Polygala hemipterocarpa A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 31. 1853. Type Locauity: “Stony hills of the Sonoita, near Deserted Rancho, on the borders of Sonora.’’ Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizalillo Mountains ( Mearns 42). 4. Polygala macradenia A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 39. 1852. Tyre Locatity: Huls at the head of the San Felipe, western Texas. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona. New Mexico: Upper Corner Monument; Guadalupe Mountains; San Andreas Moun- tains. 5. Polygala subspinosa 8. Wats. Amer. Nat. '7: 299. 1873. Tyrer Locatity: Silver City, Nevada. RanGE: Colorado and Nevada to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Aztec (Baker). Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. Polygala parvifolia (Wheelock) Woot. & Standl. Polygala lindheimeri parvifolia Wheelock, Mem. Torrey Club 2: 143. 1891. Typr LocALity: Foothills of the Santa Rita Mountains, Arizona. Rance: Southwestern New Mexico and southeastern Arizona. New Mexico: Big Hatchet Mountains ( Mearns 43). From P. lindheimeri this may at once be distinguished by the smaller size, puberu- ‘lent instead of pubescent stems, smaller leaves, and smaller glabrous fruit. 7. Polygala neomexicana Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 144. 1913. Type tocatity: Miller Hill, Grant County, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe in 1897, RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico and southeastern Arizona. New Mexico: Grant and Sierra counties. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone, A species related to Polygala puberula, but differing in its taller, more slender stems, larger, broader, thinner, nearly glabrous leaves, larger flowers, and larger puberu- lent fruit. 8. Polygala puberula A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 40. 1852. TypPeE LocALIty: Valley of the Limpio, western Texas. RANGE: Western Texas to southern Arizona, New Mexico: Organ Mountains; Hillsboro; Queen; Mangas Springs; White and Sacramento mountains. Dry hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 9. Polygala viridescens L. Sp. Pl. 705. 1753. Polygala sanguinea L. loc. cit. Tyrer Locauity: ‘“‘ Habitat in Virginia.”’ RANGE: Open slopes, New England to North Carolina, west to Minnesota and New Mexico, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. We have seen no New Mexican specimens of this species, but Doctor Gray states! that it was collected by Fendler on ‘‘low prairies, near Las Vegas” (no. 109). It is to be expected on the plains of northeastern New Mexico. Order 30. EUPHORBIALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Styles and stigmas distinct or nearly so, cleft or foliaceous; ovary 3-celled; land plants. .. 81. EUPHORBIACEAE (p. 393). Styles united by pairs; ovary 4-celled; aquatic Die ct eS ute Bai ae 82. CALLITRICHACEAE (p. 405). 1Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 4: 30. 1849. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 393 81. EUPHORBIACEAE. Spurge Family. Moneecious or dicecious herbs or shrubs with acrid or milky sap; leaves simple, sessile or petiolate, alternate or opposite; stipules present or wanting; inflorescence various, the flowers involucrate in one section, the involucre resembling a calyx and the true calyx much reduced; number of parts of the perianth varying in the staminate and pistillate flowers in the same species; corolla often wanting, especially in pistillate flowers; stamens few or numerous, variously united or distinct; ovary usually 3-celled, with 1 or 2 ovules in each cell; fruit mostly a 3-celled capsule, » separating at maturity into three 2-valved carpels each containing 2 or mostly 1 large seed, KEY TO THE GENERA. Flowers involucrate; calyx represented by a minute scale at the base of a filament-like pedicel. Glands of the involucre without petaloid ap- pendages, naked, sometimes with crescent- shaped horns. Stems not terminated by an umbel; stipules glandlike; involucres cymose-clus- tered, each with a single gland or rarely with 4 glands and fimbriate Tones SAR tile Mee elt uw 1. Pornsertttia (p. 394). Stems terminating in an umbel; stipules none; involucres in open cymes, each with 4 glands and entire or toothed lobes: 3:44 5345 s0le OS. IIe 2. TITHYMALUS (p. 395). Glands of the involucres with petaloid append- ages, these sometimes much reduced. Leaves alternate or scattered, at least below the inflorescence. Perennials; stipules wanting; bracts not } petaloid; leaves small, narrow.... 3. TrrHyMALopsis (p. 396). Annuals or biennials; stipules narrow; bracts petaloid; leaves large and broad (those of the inflorescence Varicuated 55s 325. .seheee see 4, DICHROPHYLLUM (p. 396). Leaves all opposite. Leaf blades not oblique at the base; leaves mostly rather large......-. 5. ZYGOPHYLLIDIUM (p. 397). Leaf blades oblique at the base; leaves mosily small. os. 23. ie 6. CHAMAESYCE (p. 397). Flowers not involucrate; calyx of several sepals. Ovules and seeds 2 in each cell. Annual; stamens 2; filaments distinct.....- 7. REVERCHONIA (p. 401). Perennial; stamens 3; filaments partly WWUEd = So 52 sae Lace steeteeeeeeeees 8. PHYLLANTHUS (p. 401). Ovules and seeds solitary in each cell. Petals present, at least in the staminate flowers. : Flowers in terminal cymes; petals con- BPICHOUG: 380s fees 284 2 ence Rene 9. JaTRopHA (p. 401). 394 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Flowers in crowded spikelike clusters, terminal or axillary, the pistillate usually below; petals small and inconspicuous, often wanting in the pistillate flowers. Stamens 10, monadelphous..-....-.- 10. Drraxis (p. 401). Stamens 6, the filaments distinct...11. Croton (p. 402). Petals wanting in all flowers. Stamens numerous, 8 to 20. Shrubs; stigmas 2-cleft............- 15. BerNnarptiA (p. 405). Herbs; stigmas dissected........--- 12, AcALYPHA (p. 403). Stamens few, 2 to 5. Plants slender, small, covered with stinging hairs; capsules pedi- Celeds. 23)4) fie evnets aap 13. Tracta (p. 404). Plants stout, much larger, glabrous; capsules sessile..........----- 14. Srinzineta (p. 404). 1. POINSETTIA Graham. PorINsETTta. Annuals, 30 to 60 cm. high, the stems simple or branched from the base; upper leaves often colored, alternate below, opposite above; stipules glandlike; involucres in axillary or terminal cymes or solitary, the lobes fimbriate; glands fleshy, solitary or rarely 3 or 4, sessile or short-stalked, without appendages, the missing ones repre- sented by narrow lobes; capsules exserted; seeds narrowed above, tuberculate or roughened. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Glands of the involucre sessile or nearly so; leaves discolored at the base: plants @labrous... 7-2 20< te qe eee eee 1. P. havanensis. Glands of the involucre stalked; bracts and leaves not dis- colored; plants more or less pubescent. Leaf blades linear to linear-lanceolate; seeds not promi- nently tuberculate; glands of the involucre 3 or 4... 2. P. cuphosperma. Leaf blades ovate to ovate-lanceolate; seeds prominently tuberculate; glands of the involucre solitary. ....-... 3. P. dentata. 1. Poinsettia havanensis (Willd.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 722. 1903. Euphorbia havanensis Willd.; Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 157: 73. 1862. TYPE LocALIty: Cuba. RanGeE: Southeastern United States to Arizona and in tropical America. New Mexico: Organ Mountains. 2. Poinsettia cuphosperma (Engelm.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 721. 1903. Euphorbia dentata cuphosperma Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 190. 1859. Euphorbia cuphosperma Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 157: 73. 1862. TypE Locatity: Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1834). Rance: Wyoming and South Dakota to Texas. New Mexico: Upper Pecos River; Santa Rita; Organ Mountains; Roswell; White Mountains. Dry, open slopes, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Poinsettia dentata (Michx.) Klotzsch & Garcke, Monatsb. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 253. 1859. Euphorbia dentata Michx. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 211. 1803. Type Locauity: ‘‘Hab. in Tennassee.”’ WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 895 RANGE: South Dakota and Pennsylvania to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe Creek; Pecos; Organ Mountains; Gila Hot Springs; White Mountains; Hanover Mountain; Taos; Las Vegas; Sacramento Mountains. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. TITHYMALUS Klotzsch & Garcke. Annual or perennial herbs, light green, glabrous, with erect stems umbellately branching above; leaves alternate below, the upper opposite, crowded, sessile, exstipu- late, mostly entire; involucres sessile or pedunculate, in terminal cymes, the lobes often toothed; glands 4, transversely oblong, reniform, or crescent-shaped by the hornlike appendages, the missing one represented by a thin, often ciliate lobe; capsules ex- serted, smooth or tuberculate; seeds variously pitted, sometimes carunculate. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Capsules tuberculate. Stems cymosely branched below the umbel; capsules short- CEMAATS Jeinee a2 acted ep eeseene Son Bes Ieper oRR AAS 1. T. missouriensis. Stems racemosely branched; capsules long-warty. Leaves coarsely serrate; stems few.............------- 3. T. altus. Leaves obscurely serrulate; stems very numerous. ..... 2. T. mexicanus. Capsules smooth. Cauline leaves broadest above the middle.................. 4. T. luridus. Cauline leaves broadest near the base. Seeds broadly truncate at the base; capsules 5 mm. long. 5. T. chamaesula. Seeds rounded at the base; capsules 3 to 4 mm. long.... 6. T. montanus. 1. Tithymalus missouriensis (Norton) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 721. 1903. Euphorbia arkansana missouriensis Norton, Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 11: 103. 1899. Type Locauity: ‘“‘In the Missouri River Valley, usually in open prairie or waste places, from Missouri to South Dakota and west to Colorado and Idaho, and extending into eastern Washington.” Rance: As under type locality. New Mexico: Las Vegas; Farmington. Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Tithymalus mexicanus (Engelm.) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 145. 1913. Euphorbia dictyosperma mexicana Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 191. 1859. Euphorbia mexicana Norton, Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 11: 105. 1899. Type Locatity: ‘‘Valley of the Nagas, Bolson de Mapimi,’’ Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and Mexico. We have seen no specimens of this from New Mexico, but Norton refers here one collected by Thurber at Mule Spring (no. 282). 3. Tithymalus altus (Norton) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 145. 1913. Euphorbia alta Norton, Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 11: 108. 1899. Tyer Locauity: ‘‘In the mountains of southern Arizona and New Mexico, and in Mexico.”’ RanGe: Arizona and New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Mountains west of San Antonio; Mogollon Mountains; White Moun- tains; Sacramento Mountains; Nutt. Transition Zone. 4. Tithymalus luridus (Engelm.) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 145. ONS: Euphorbia lurida Engelm. Proc. Amer. Acad. 5: 173. 1861. TYPE Locality: Base of the San Francisco Mountains, Arizona. 396 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Rance: Utah to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Ramah; San Lorenzo; Magdalena Mountains; Horse Games Tunitcha Mountains; Willow Creak, Rio Arriba Goorie Meadows. 5. Tithymalus chamaesula (Boiss.) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 145. 1913. Euphorbia chamaesula Boiss. Cent. Euphorb. 38. 1860. TypE Locauity: Near the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1820). ; Rance: Arizona and New Mexico and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains, and ai sae to the Mexican boundary. Tran- sition Zone. 6. Tithymalus montanus (Engelm.) Small; Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 224. 1906. Euphorbia montana Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 192. 1859. Euphorbia montana gracilior Engelm. loc. cit. TypE Locatity: Near Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 786). Rance: Utah and Colorado to Arizona and western Texas. New Mexico: Farmington; Sandia Mountains; Chama; Santa Fe and Las Vegas mountains; Black Range; San Luis Mountains; White and Sacramento mountains. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. The type of EL. montana gracilior was collected near Santa Fe (Fendler 786, in part). 8. TITHYMALOPSIS Klotzsch & Garcke. Slender glabrous perennial herb with erect stems and oblong-linear alternate leaves; involucres on pubescent pedicels 3 to 5 mm. long, clustered; glands sessile or stalked, with yellowish white appendages; capsule exserted; seeds narrowed upward, more or less punctate, without caruncles. 1. Tithymalopsis strictior (Holzinger) Woot. & Standl. Euphorbia strictior Holzinger, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 1: 214. pl. 18. 1892. Tyre Locatity: Oldham County, Texas. Rance: Texas to eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Tucumcari Mountain; Nara Visa. Plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. DICHROPHYLLUM Klotzsch & Garcke. SNOW-ON-THE-MOUNTAIN. Annual with erect stems umbellately branched above, 40 to 80 cm. high; leaves alter- nate or opposite, sessile, ovate, entire, acute, about 5 cm. long, those of the inflorescence broadly white-margined, attenuate below into a short petiole; flowers crowded at the summit of the stem; involucres campanulate, in rather dense cymes, the lobes fimbri- ate, the 5 glands peltate, somewhat concave, with pink and white petal-like append- ages; capsule exserted, pubescent; seeds narrowed upward, carunculate. 1. Dichrophyllum marginatum (Pursh) Klotzsch & Garcke, Monatsb. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1859: 249. 1859. Euphorbia marginata Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. 607. 1814. Tithymalus marginatus Cockerell, Univ. Mo. Stud. Sci. 27: 165. 1911. Type Locauity: ‘‘On the Yellow-stone river.’’ Ranae: Montana and Minnesota to New Mexico and Texas. New Mexico: Frio Draw; Tucumcari; Red Lake east of Elida; Albert; Roswell. Plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A showy plant, not rare in cultivation. It is easily recognized by the white- margined floral leaves. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 397 5. ZYGOPHYLLIDIUM Small. Annuals with erect branching stems; leaves opposite, or rarely alternate below, not oblique at the base, entire; stipules glandlike, often obsolete; involucres delicate, short-pedunculate in the upper forks of the stems; glands 5, broader than Jong, sub- tended by petal-like appendages; capsules long-pediceled, 3-lobed; seeds terete, usually narrowed upward, more or less papillose, the caruncle sometimes wanting. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Plants glabrous; upper leaves ovate, long-petioled.............. 1. Z. delicatulum. Plants more or less pubescent; upper leaves linear or oblong- linear. Glands bilobate; seeds not carunculate............-....... 2. Z. bilobatum. Glands entire; seeds carunculate..............-...----..-- 3. Z. exstipulatum. 1. Zygophyllidium delicatulum Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 145. 1913. TypE Locauity: Mineral Creek, Sierra County, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe (no. 1414). Rance: Mountains of southern New Mexico. New Mexico: Black Range; White Mountains. Transition Zone. A very different plant from any of the other species of the genus, differing most noticeably in the width and shape of the leaf blades and in the glabrous involucres. 2. Zygophyllidium bilobatum (Engelm.) Standley, Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 13: NOE LO LO! Euphorbia bilobata Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 190. 1859. Type Locauity: Near the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Bigelow. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Mogollon Mountains to the Organ Mountains and southward. Hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 3. Zygophyllidium exstipulatum (Engelm.) Woot. & Stand. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 146. 1913. Euphorbia exstipulata Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 189. 1859. TyPE LOCALITY: Western Texas. RANGE: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Stanley; Tortugas Mountain; Kingston; plains between Fort Win- gate and Belen; Carrizozo; Apache Teju. Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 6. CHAMAESYCE §8. F. Gray. Spurce. Annual or perennial herbs, mostly branching from the base; branches erect, ascend- ing, or prostrate; leaves opposite, the blades entire or toothed, more or less oblique at the base; stipules delicate, entire or fimbriate; involucres axillary, solitary or in cymes; glands 4, sessile or stalked, naked or usually appendaged, one sinus glandless; capsules smooth, sometimes pubescent, the angles sharp or rounded; seeds smooth or transversely wrinkled, with minute caruncles. The different species are known among the Mexicans as ‘“‘golondrina.’’ The plants are reputed, everywhere in the Southwest, to be a remedy for rattlesnake bites. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaf blades toothed, at least near the apex. Capsules pubescent. Glands of-the involucre with conspicuous petal-like ap- WFO OCH See oe nics ora clae ome seem cts, fee 1. C. indivisa. Glands of the involucre with small and inconspicuous UPC BEC art ys ee rae, Seat ase ney cael orate oy 2. C. stictospora, 398 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Capsules glabrous. Plants more or less pilose on the stems and leaves. Stems erect; leaves 2 cm. long or more. ........... 3. C. nutans. Stems prostrate; leaves usually less than 1cm. long. 4. C. serrula. Plants glabrous, or at least never pilose. Stems erect or strongly ascending; plants yellowish PMBCU Seca: coves a eee se Sean es cena ne ae 6. C. neomexicana. Stems prostrate; plants not yellowish. Seeds conspicuously wrinkled horizontally....17. C. glyptosperma. Seeds not wrinkled, pitted or smooth. peeds piiteds 22.2. 72 -Sa. eee cn oe ee ee 18. C. rugulosa. Seeds smooth or nearly so............-..- 5. C. serpyllifolia. Leaf blades entire. Perennials. Leaves strongly. pubeseentiii os. 2.05) 2. Ae 7. C. lata. Leaves glabrous. Stems prostrate; involucres corolla-like.......... 8. C. albomarginata. Stems erect or ascending; involucres inconspicuous. Leaves scarcely if at all longer than broad, rounded-obtuses- 2.202.002 GM ected SR 9. C. fendleri. Leaves twice as long as broad, acute.......-.-- 10. C. chaetocalyx. Annuals. Stems prostrate; leaves usually very oblique at the base. Stipules, ciliates. >. ce cdeseeeee eee eee Peer 13. C. micromera. Stipules not cilitate. Leaves about as long as broad; stipules trian- pular-subulates 2 220 cc sos tome oe 11. .C. serpens. Leaves twice as long as broad; stipules filiform.12. C. yeyeri. Stems erect; leaves slightly if at all unequal at the base. Capsules less than 1.5 mm. broad; plants 15 cm. high or less; branches divaricate...-.......- 14. C. revoluta. Capsules more than 1.5 mm. broad; plants 30 cm. high or more; branches ascending. Appendages of glands conspicuous, white. ..-- 15. C. petaloidea. Appendages inconspicuous, greenish white, or OWBGICIO. Co. o's f= sen pean os See eae see 16. C. flagelliformis. 1. Chamaescyce indivisa (Engelm.) Millsp. Field Mus. Bot. 2: 387. 1914. Euphorbia dioica indivisa Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 187. 1859. Type Locauity: Near the Copper Mines, New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1845). RanGeE: Western Texas and southern Arizona to Mexico. : New Mexico: Hillsboro; Organ Mountains. Dry plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Chamaesyce stictospora (Engelm.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U.S. 714. 1903. Euphorbia stictospora Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 187. 1859. Typre Locauity: ‘‘From Kansas (Fendler, 798) to Santa Fe (Fendler, 797) and -Dofia Ana (Wright, 59), New Mexico, and Corallitas, Chihuahua.” RanGe: Kansas and Colorado to Mexico. New Mexico: Pecos; Fort Cummings; Kingston; Sandia Mountains; Mesilla Val- ley; Carrizozo; south of Roswell; Gray. Hills and plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. . —_— ee ee eS a ee — a cee, te WOOTON AND STANDLEY-——FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 399 3. Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 712. 1903. Euphorbia nutans Lag. Gen. & Sp. Nov. 17. 1816. Euphorbia preslii Guss. Fl. Sic. Prodr. 539. 1827. Type Locauity: ‘‘Habitat in N. [ova] H. [ispania].’’ Rance: Eastern North America, west to the Rocky Mountains, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs; Organ Mountains; Lower Plaza; Roswell. Damp fields and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Chamaesyce serrula (Engelm.) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 144, 1913. ; Euphorbia serrula Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 188. 1859. Type Locauity: ‘‘Western Texas and New Mexico.” Rance: Western Texas to Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Farmington; Tesuque; mesa west of Organ Mountains; White Sands; south of Roswell; Carlsbad. Dry plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 5. Chamaesyce serpyllifolia (Pers.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 712. 1903 Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 14. 1807. Type Locauity: ‘‘In Amer. [ica] calidiore.”’ RaNnGeE: Wisconsin to California, south to Mexico. New Mexico: Common throughout the State except along the eastern border. Plains and low hills, Lower Sonoran to Transition Zone. 6. Chamaesyce neomexicana (Greene) Standley, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 13: 199. 1910. Euphorbia neomexicana Greene, Bull. Calif. Acad. 2: 55. 1886. Type Locauiry: Plains of the upper Gila in western New Mexico. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. New Mexico: Hillsboro; Sycamore Creek; Organ Mountains; Gray; south of Ros- well. Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. Chamaesyce lata (Engelm.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 710. 1903. Euphorbia lata Engelm. in Torr. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 188. 1859. TYPE Loca.Liry: Western Texas. Rance: Kansas to Texas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; Roswell; Nara Visa; Carrizozo; south of the White Sands; Guadalupe Mountains; Buchanan; Redlands; Carlsbad. Plains, Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 8. Chamaesyce albomarginata (Torr. & Gray) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 710. 1903. Euphorbia albomarginata Torr. & Gray, U.S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 2?: 174. 1855. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘Head-waters of the Colorado.” Range: California to Texas and southward. New Mexico: Fort Wingate; Socorro; Mangas Springs; Kingston; Deming; Organ Mountains; mesa near Las Cruces; Tucumcari; Gray; south of Roswell; Tularosa; Carrizalillo Mountains; Zuni; Water Canyon. Dry plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 9. Chamaesyce fendleri (Torr. & Gray) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 710. 1903. Euphorbia fendleri Torr. & Gray, U.S. Rep. Expl. Miss. Pacif. 2?: 175. 1855. Type Locatiry: New Mexico. Type collected by Fendler (no. 800). Ranee: Wyoming and Nebraska to Texas and Arizona. New Mexico: Nearly throughout the State. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 400 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 10. Chamaesyce chaetocalyx (Boiss.) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 144. 1913. Euphorbia fendleri chaetocalyx Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 15?: 39. 1862. TyPE Locauiry: ‘‘In Novo-Mexico.’’ Type collected by Wright (no. 1847). Rance: Western Texas to Arizona. New Mexico: Canyoncito; Los Lunas; Albuquerque; San Augustine Plains; Kingston; Organ Mountains; Tortugas Mountain; White Mountains; Queen. Dry mesas and hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 11. Chamaesyce serpens (H. B. K.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 709. 1903. Euphorbia serpens H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2: 52. 1817. TypE Locauity: ‘‘Orescit in umbrosis Cumanae prope Borcones et Punta Araiya,’’ Venzuela. Rance: Iowa to New Mexico, western Texas, and Mexico. New Mexico: South of Roswell; Carlsbad; mesa west of Organ Mountains. Plains and mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 12. Chamaesyce geyeri (Engelm.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8S. 709. 1903. Euphorbia geyeri Engelm. Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. 5: 260. 1845. Tyrer Locauity: ‘‘ Beardstown, Illinois, and Upper Missouri.”’ Rance: Minnesota and Illinois to Oklahoma and New Mexico. New Mexico: Zuni; Estancia; Pecos. Dry plains and hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 13. Chamaesyce micromera (Boiss.) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 16: 144. 1913. Euphorbia micromera Boiss. in DC. Prodr. 15?: 44. 1862. TyPE LocALIty: Sonora. Rance: New Mexico and Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Mesa west of Organ Mountains. Mesas, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 14. Chamaesyce revoluta (Engelm.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 711. 1903. Euphorbia revoluta Engelm. in Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 186. 1859. Type Locatiry: Gravelly hills near Rock Creek, western Texas. Rance: Western Texas to Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Mesa west of Organ Mountains; Gray; Hillsboro; Mangas: Springs. Mesas and dry hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 15. Chamaesyce petaloidea (Engelm.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 711. 1903. Euphorbia petaloidea Engelm. in Torr. U. S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 185. 1859. TyPE LocaLity: Not stated. RANGE: Wyoming and Idaho to New Mexico and Texas. New Mexico: San Juan Valley; lower Pecos Valley. Dry hills, in the Upper and Lower Sonoran zones. 16. Chamaesyce flagelliformis (Engelm.) Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 223. 1906. Luphorbia petaloidea flagelliformis Engelm. in Torr. U. 8S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 185. 1859. Euphorbia flagelliformis Engelm.; 'T. 8. Brandeg. Bull. U. 8. Geol. Geogr. Surv. Terr. 2: 243. 1876. Type Locatity: New Mexico. RaneeE: Colorado to Texas and New Mexico. New Mexico: Sabinal; Lava; Mesilla Valley; south of Melrose; Farmington. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 17. Chamaesyce glyptosperma (Engelm.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8. 712. 1903. Euphorbia glyptosperma Engelm. in Torr. U. 8..& Mex. Bound. Bot. 187. 1859. TyPsE LocALity: On the Rio Grande, Texas. “aa a Sele oe: = a eer § 8 ge OR a aaa ae, ee ae Se ee WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 401 RANGE: British America to Texas and Mexico. New Mexico: Shiprock; Dulce; Tunitcha Mountains. Sandy soil, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 18. Chamaesyce rugulosa (Engelm.) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 145. 1906. Euphorbia serpyllifolia rugulosa Engelm.; Millsp. Pittonia 2: 85. 1890. TypE Locauity: San Bernardino, California. RanG_E: California to Colorado and New Mexico. New Mexico: Dulce (Standley 8135). Open hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 7. REVERCHONIA A. Gray. Slender, smooth, divaricately branched annual, 30 cm. high or less, with glaucous stems, narrow entire leaves, and small axillary clusters of dark purple flowers; stam- inate flowers with 4 sepals and 2 short stamens; pistillate Mowers with 5 sepals and a 6-lobed disk; ovary 3-celled; styles 3, distinct; fruit a dry capsule. 1. Reverchonia arenaria A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. 16: 107. 1881. Type Locauity: Sandhills of the Brazos, Baylor County, Texas. RanGeE: Texas and southern New Mexico, south into Mexico. _ New Mexico: Lava; sands northeast of Jornada Range, Dona Ana County; Roswell. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 8. PHYLLANTHUS L. Low herbaceous perennial from a woody base, 10 to 20 cm. high, with slender smooth stems, small leaves, and very small greenish flowers; leaves narrowly oblong- cuneate, with lanceolate stipules at the base of the short petiole; flowers in axillary few-flowered clusters, moncecious; staminate flowers about 0.5 mm. long, the pistillate about 3 times as large, on very slender pedicels; sepals 5 or 6, green, white-margined, persistent at the base of the 3-celled 6-valved 3-seeded capsule. 1, Phyllanthus polygonoides Nutt.; Spreng. Syst. Veg. 3: 23. 1826. TyPE Locaity: ‘‘Ditio Arcansa Amer. bor.”’ Rance: New Mexico to Texas and Oklahoma. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; Queen; Hatchet Ranch. Dry, rocky hillsides, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 9. JATROPHA L. Herbaceous perennial from a thickened tuberous root; stems thick and succulent, ° 30 to 50 cm. high, erect; leaves petiolate, palmately 3 to 5-lobed, 10 cm. in diameter or less, the lobes triangular-lanceolate, with rather numerous coarse aristate teeth; stipules, bracts, and sepals laciniately lobed into linear segments; flowers large, in a terminal cyme; sepals 5, united below; petals 5, bright pink, about 1 cm. long; fila- ments united below, unequal; fruit a 3-celled capsule, each 2-valved cell containing a single large carunculate seed. 1. Jatropha macrorhiza Benth. Pl. Hartw. 8. 1839. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico. RANGE: Southern New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. New Mexico: Southern Grant and Luna counties. Sandy plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 10. DITAXIS Vahl. Moncecious herbaceous perennials with simple alternate leaves and axillary clusters of flowers; staminate flowers with 4 or 5 sepals, the petals of the same number and alternate with them; stamens once, twice, or thrice the number of the petals, with united filaments; petals of the pistillate flowers smaller or rudimentary; styles 3, 2-cleft; fruit a 3-seeded capsule; seeds globose. 52576 °—15——26 402 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Planta baste. 22s 2 202 SE AEE oso its Oe --- 1. D. neomexicana. Plants glabrous. Stems slender, much branched; leaves petiolate.....-....-- 2. D. laevis. Stems stout, simple; leaves sessile..........--------.------ 3. D. cyanophylia. 1. Ditaxis neomexicana (Muell. Arg.) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. 5. 1898. Argyrothamnia neomexicana Muell. Arg. Linnaea 34: 19. 1865. Type Locauity: ‘‘In Novo-Mexico.’”’ The types are Wright’s 643 and 1797. The first of these is certainly Texan, but the second may have come from New Mexico. Rance: Western Texas to Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: South of Hillsboro ( Metcalfe 1287). 2. Ditaxis laevis (Torr.) Heller, Cat. N. Amer. Pl. 5. 1898. Aphora laevis Torr. U. 8S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 196. 1859. Argyrothamnia laevis Muell. Arg. Linnaea 34: 147. 1865. TyPE Locality: Western Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexican. New Mexico: Roswell and vicinity. Dry plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 3. Ditaxis cyanophylla Woot. & Standl. Bull. Torrey Club 36: 106. 1909. Type Locatiry: Kingston, Sierra County, New Mexico. Type collected by Metcalfe, May 25, 1904. Rance: Western New Mexico and adjacent Arizona. New Mexico: Kingston; south of Rito Quemado. 11. CROTON L. Herbaceous or woody annuals or perennials, more or less stellate-pubescent, with. alternate simple entire leaves and inconspicuous moncecious or dicecious flowers, these in axillary or terminal, spicate or racemose clusters, sometimes crowded; stami- nate flowers uppermost; sepals 4 to 6, usually 5; petals mostly present but small, alternating with glands; stamens 5 or more; pistillate flowers usually loosely clustered; their sepals 5 to 10, the petals usually wanting; stigmas much divided; capsule 3-celled, splitting into 2-valved carpels each containing 1 seed. KEY TO THE SPECIES Annuals. Plants stellate-pubescent throughout, grayish......-..-.--- 1. C. texensis. Plants glabrous, bright yellowish green...............-.--- 2. C. luteovirens. Perennials. Low shrub with cordate or subcordate leaves...-..--..---- 3. C. fruticulosus. Herbs, sometimes suffrutescent near the base, the leaves never cordate, mostly oval or oblong, rounded at the base. Staminate flowers petaliferous. Leaves gray on both surfaces, the upper ones obtuse. 4. C. corymbulosus. Leaves green above, the upper ones acute.......-- 5. C. eremophilus. Staminate flowers apetalous. Plants loosely stellate-pubescent, not silvery... .-- 6. C. tenuis. Plants densely lepidote-stellate, silvery.....---.-- 7. C. neomexicanus. 1. Croton texensis (Klotzsch) Muell. Arg. in DC. Prodr. 15?: 692. 1866. Hendecandra texensis Klotzsch in Wiegmann, Archiv Naturg. 7: 252. 1841. Hendecandra multiflora Torr. in Frém. Rep. Exped. Rocky Mount. 96. 1845. TYPE LocALITy: Texas. | RANGE: Wyoming and Illinois to Arizona and Texas, south into Mexico. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 403 New Mexico: Santa Fe; Pecos; Zuni Reservation; Sandia Mountains; Socorro; Mangas Springs; Gila; Nara Visa; Malaga; Tucumcari; south of Melrose. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A common weed in many parts of the State, especially abundant in draws or flats on overstocked ranges. 2. Croton luteovirens Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 145. 1913. Type Locauity: On the Rio Gila, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, August 15, 1902. Rance: Known only from the type locality. The plant is very abundant in this region, growing with the related C. iexensis. Patches of the two are distinguishable at a distance because of their different color. 8. Croton fruticulosus Engelm. in Torr. U.S. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 194. 1859. Tyre tocauiry: ‘‘ Mountain sides and rocky ravines, western Texas.”’ Rance: Western Texas and southern New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains. Rocky hills and canyons, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. A low shrub, 1 meter high or less. 4. Croton corymbulosus Engelm. in Wheeler, Rep. U. 8. Surv. 100th Merid. 5: 242. 1878. TyPE LocaLity: Camp Bowie, Arizona. RANGE: Western Texas to Arizona, and southward. New Mexico: Silver City Draw; Organ Mountains; Tortugas Mountain; near White Water; Tucumcari; Jarilla; between Fierro and Hanover; Pecos Valley. Sandy mesas and barren rocky hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 5. Croton eremophilus Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. 8. Nat. Herb. 16: 144. 1913. Type Locaurry: Dog Spring in the Dog Mountains, New Mexico. Type collected by E. A. Mearns (no. 2336). RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Dog Spring; Parkers Well. Dry hills and plains, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 6. Croton tenuis 8. Wats. Proc. Amer. Acad. 14: 297. 1879. Croton californicus tenuis Ferguson, Rep. Mo. Bot. Gard. 12: 64. 1901. TyPr Locauity: Southern California. RANGE: Southwestern New Mexico to California and adjacent Mexico New Mexico: Near White Water (Mearns 2269). 7. Croton neomexicanus Mueil. Arg. Linnaea 34: 141. 1865. Type Locality: Western Texas. Rance: Western Texas, southern New Mexico, and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Grant County; mesa west of Organ Mountains; Guadalupe Moun- tains. Mesas and low, dry hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 12. ACALYPHA L. THREE-SEEDED MERCURY. Annual or perennial herbs with simple petiolate leaves and moncecious flowers in axillary or terminal spikes; leaves thin, punctate, serrate; staminate flowers with 4 sepals and 8 to 16 united stamens; pistillate flowers subtended by foliaceous bracts, the sepals 3 to 5, the stigmas fringed; fruit a 3-celled 3-seeded capsule. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Annual; stigmas greenish, inconspicuous; inflorescence mostly PRE as Scccpte Mb oh AS ee et en 1. A. neomexicana. Perennial; stigmas bright red, showy; inflorescence terminal. ..-. 2. A. lindheimeri. 404 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Acalypha neomexicana Muell. Arg. Linnaea 34: 19. 1865. Type LocaLity: New Mexico. Type collected by Wright (no. 1817). Rance: Western Texas to Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: West Fork of the Gila; Kingston; Mangas Springs; Organ Mountains; White Mountains; Queen; Carlsbad. Upper Sonoran Zone. 2 Acalypha lindheimeri Muell. Arg. Linnaea 34: 47. 1865. TYPE Locauity: Texas. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Rita; Deer Creek; Mangas Springs; Kingston; San Luis Mountains; Animas Valley; west of Hope; Guadalupe Mountains. 13. TRAGIA L. Low herbaceous much-branched perennials with slender wiry stems armed with stinging hairs; leaves simple, alternate, small, coarsely toothed, short-petiolate; flowers small, in small clusters near the ends of the stems, moncecious, apetalous; stamens 8 or 5; sepals 3 to 5 in the staminate flowers, 5 in the pistillate flowers; fruit a 8-celled 3-seeded capsule. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Stems appressed-pubescent; staminate calyx with 3 sepals; sta- PRTG Shae ee eine ei ee ele eine ee eee eee ees 1. T. nepetaefolia. Stems hirsute; staminate calyx with 4 or 5 sepals; stamens 4 or5.. 2. J. ramosa. 1. Tragia nepetaefolia Cav. Icon. Pl. 6: 37. pl. 557. f. 1. 1801. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Habitat inter Ixmiquilpan et Cimapan,’’ Mexico. Rance: Kansas and Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Organ Mountains; White Mountains; south of Roswell. Dry hills and plains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 2. Tragia ramosa Torr. Ann. Lyc. N. Y. 2: 245. 1828. Tragia stylaris Muell. Arg. Linnaea 34: 180. 1865. Type Ltocauity: ‘‘Sources of the Canadian ?,’’ New Mexico ? RANGE: Colorado and Missouri to Arizona and Texas. New Mexico: Pecos; Raton; Sierra Grande; Albuquerque; Mangas Springs; White Water; Tortugas Mountain; Organ Mountains; Socorro Mountain; Tularosa Creek; Queen; mountains west of San Antonio. Dry hills, among rocks, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 14. STILLINGIA L. QUEEN’S DELIGHT. Moneecious herbaceous perennials 30 to 60 cm. high, with several stems umbellately branched above; leaves narrow, glabrous, shining, 3 to 8 cm. long, serrulate; spikes terminal, bracteate; staminate flowers with a 2 or 3-lobed calyx and 2 or 3 exserted stamens; capsule 2 or 3-celled, with a single large globose seed in each cell. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves linear or nearly so; capsules less than 10 mm. wide....... 1. 8. linearifolia. Leaves lanceolate to elliptic; capsules more than 10 mm.wide.... 2. 8. smallii. 1. Stillingia linearifolia (Torr.) Small, Fl. Southeast. U. 8: 704. 1903. Sapium sylvaticum linearifolium Torr. U. 8. & Mex. Bound. Bot. 201. 1859. Stillingia sylvatica linearifolia Muell. Arg. in DC. Prodr. 152: 1158. 1866. Type Locauity: ‘‘Ravines on the San Pedro River and on limestone rocks higher up on the Rio Grande,’’ western Texas. « RANGE: Texas and southeastern New Mexico and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Sands south of Melrose (Wooton). Plains and low hills, fi the Upper Sonoran Zone. a WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 405 2. Stillingia smallii Woot. & Standl. Stillingia sylvatica salicifolia Torr.; Small, Fl. Southeast. U. S. 704. 1903. Stillingia salicifolia Small, loc. cit., not Baill. 1865. Type Locality: ‘‘In sandy soil, Kansas to Arkansas and Texas.”’ Ranae: Kansas and Arkansas to eastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Nara Visa; Roswell. Plains and low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 15. BERNARDIA PP. Br. Low, much branched shrub with alternate stipulate stellate-pubescent ovate-oblong repand-dentate short-petiolate leaves and small dicecious flowers in axillary racemes; staminate calyx 3-parted; stamens 3 to 20; ovary 3-celled, 3-ovuled; seeds not carun- culate. 1. Bernardia myricaefolia (Scheele) Benth. & Hook. Gen. Pl. 3: 308. 1883. Tyria myricaefolia Scheele, Linnaea 25: 581. 1852. TyPE Locatity: New Braunfels, Texas. Rance: Western Texas and southeastern New Mexico to Mexico. New Mexico: Queen; San Andreas Mountains. Dry hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 82. CALLITRICHACEAE. Water starwort Family. 1. CALLITRICHE L. WarTeER starworr. Small aquatic herbs with opposite entire leaves and minute solitary polygamous flowers in the axils; flowers without calyx or corolla, the staminate ones with a single stamen subtended by 2 bracts, the pistillate ones bearing a single pistil with a 4-celled ovary; styles united in pairs; fruit in ours globose, sessile, 1.5 mm. in diameter. e With usasinglespecies with linear, sessile, submersed leaves and spatulate, rounded or retuse emersed ones. 1. Callitriche palustris L. Sp. Pl. 969. 1753. Callitriche autumnalis L. Fl. Suec. ed. 2. 2. 1755. Tyrer Locality: ‘‘ Habitat in Europae fossis paludibus.”’ Rance: British America to New Mexico; also in Europe. New Mexico: Horsethief Canyon; Taos; Costilla Valley; Brazos Canyon. In water. Order 31. SAPINDALES. KEY TO THE FAMILIES. Fruit a double samara; stamens alternate with the sepals; leaves opposite.......-.....-------- 85. ACERACEAE (p. 410). Fruit not a double samara; stamens opposite the sepals; leaves opposite or alternate. Plants with resiniferous tissue; leaves com- POMONA SS 56s - celta brek vgs Asc ie eS aR 88. ANACARDIACEAE (p. 405). Plants without resiniferous tissue; leaves com- pound or simple. Dest blader cumpless 2.2 42s caste aes 84, CELASTRACEAE (p. 409). Leaf blades pimnate...0,<- -5 22 tescee! -..86. SAPINDACEAE (p. 412). 83. ANACARDIACEAE. Cashew Family. Shrubs, sometimes small, usually large, with acrid, sometimes poisonous sap and polygamous or dicecious flowers; leaves pinnately 3 to many-foliolate, exstipulate; flowers small, usually inco:spicuous, in crowded clusters, these sometimes large; calyx’3 to 7-cleft; petals of the same number as the calyx lobes; stamens as many or 406 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. twice as many, inserted at the base of a disk; ovary superior, 1-celled, 1-ovuled, the styles often 3, ultimately becoming a small dry drupelike fruit. Our species have all been recognized as belonging to one genus, Rhus, but they are so different in general appearance that it seems best to follow Doctor Greene in: separating them into several genera, though the characters upon which the separa- tion is based are mostly vegetative rather than floral. KEY TO THE GENERA. Flowers appearing before the leaves, in small crowded clusters. Leaves | or 3-foliolate; flowers yellow, tinged with red. 1. Scumaxrzra (p. 406). Leaves 5 to 9-foliolate; flowers white.................. 2. Ruoxrrprum (p. 408). Flowers appearing after the leaves, in their axils or in ~ panicles terminating the stems. Leaves 3-foliolate, poisonous; generally under- shrubs with slender stems................-- 3. TOXICODENDRON (p. 408). Leaves pinnately several to many-foliolate, not poisonous; shrubby plants with thick stems, one species with hard wood.......-.....--- 4. Ruus (p. 408). 1. SCHMALTZIA Desy. Lemira. Widely branching shrubs, 2 meters high or less; leaves unifoliolate or trifoliolate, the leaflets mostly cuneate-obovate, crenately and coarsely few-toothed, the terminal ones often 3-lobed; flowers yellow or reddish yellow, in crowded clusters on very short peduncles on the branches of the previous season, appearing before the leaves; fruit orange scarlet, globose, 4 to 6 mm. in diameter. The roots of these plants are used by the Indians in forming patterns for their basketry. The bark is of a dark reddish brown color. The plants are also used in setting dyes. Mexicans sometimes use the stems in making baskets, mixing them with willow branches. The berries were used as food by some of the Indians. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Dea Ves MMMIOUOINEG Stee ok Pai eC ae cee eens eee 1. S. affinis. Leaves trifoliolate. Young twigs densely velvety-pubescent with long yellowish LSPS ts esr Sh Hay eR nN a Hy a et Fc 2. S. emoryi. Young twigs merely puberulent or soft-pubescent, the hairs not yellowish. Bracts of the aments tomentose all over. Fruit densely long-hirsute; leaflets small, thick, nearly glabrous, at least on the upper surface.....-..-- 6. S. quercifolia. Fruit sparingly short-hirsute; leaflets large, thin, pubes- cent on both suriacen 5-2... ee eee 7. S. bakeri. Bracts of the aments glabrous or glabrate, at least on the up- per half. Terminal leaflet abruptly contracted at the base, Geoply S-lobed 2h 22sec ee Pe ee 3. S. pulchella. Terminal leaflet gradually cuneate at the base, shallowly lobed. Teeth of the leaves rounded; blades densely pu- bescent; all the leaflets toothed........-. . 4. S. leiocarpa. Teeth of the leaves acutish; blades mostly glabrous on the upper surface; some of the leaflets BIC nin 2 2h 2s hee te co aan ae 5. S. cognata. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 407 There is room for considerable doubt concerning the validity of the numerous seg- regates of this group recently proposed. The differences between the species are mostly variations in leaf outline. Upon a single shrub one finds great variation in * this respect, so that it is questionable whether it is wise to maintain more than a single species of the group, S. trilobata. There is some variation in pubescence, but this is only in quantity. Doctor Greene speaks of certain glabrous plants, but we have been unable to find any that are truly glabrous. Field study is necessary to determine with any degree of precision the exact relationship between the numerous forms. 1. Schmaltzia affinis Greene, Leaflets 1: 135. 1905. Tyre Locauiry: ‘‘Shrub of southern Utah deserts, collected at Kanab, Springdale, and Silver Reef.’’ RanGE: Southern Utah to northern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Carrizo Mountains (Standley 7338). Dry hills among rocks, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. This is probably an extreme variant of S. trilobata, influenced largely by the very arid situations in which it grows. The leaves are commonly unifoliolate, but some- times they are cleft nearly to the base, and frequently the plants bear a few trifo- liolate leaves. 2. Schmaltzia emoryi Greene, Leaflets 1: 183. 1905. Rhus trilobata mollis A. Gray; Patterson, Check List 21. 1892. Rhus emoryi Wooton; Greene, op. cit. 134, as synonym. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Hills and low mountains of eastern and southern New Mexico.”’ Type collected by Wooton (no. 584). RanGE: Southern New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: Horse Camp; Mangas Springs; Burro Mountains; Dog Spring; moun- tains west of San Antonio; Organ Mountains; Mesilla Park; White Sands; Roswell; Perico; Queen; south of Torrance. Dry hills and valleys, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 3. Schmaltzia pulchella Greene, Leaflets 1: 134. 1905. Tyre Locauitry: ‘‘Toward the Rio Limpio, western Texas. Ranae: Western Texas and southeastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Queen (Wooton). Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 4. Schmaltzia leiocarpa Greene, Leaflets 1: 133. 1905. Typr Locauity: Valley of the Rio Grande at Mesilla, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton (no. 48). RanGeE: Southern New Mexico and southeastern Arizona. New Mexico: Reserve; Black Range; San Luis Mountains; Mesilla; Dona Ana Mountains; above Tularosa; Cloudcroft; Lincoln National Forest. Mesas and river valleys, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 5. Schmaltzia cognata Greene, Leaflets 1: 141. 1905. Type Locauity: Durango, Colorado. RanGE: Southern Colorado and northwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Cedar Hill. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 6. Schmaltzia quercifolia Greene, Leaflets 1: 141. 1905. Typ Locaniry: Canyons in Seward County, southwestern Kansas. Rance: Kansas to northeastern New Mexico. New Mexico: Glorieta; Folsom; Nara Visa; — Low hills and open plains, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 408 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 7. Schmaltzia bakeri Greene, Leaflets 1: 132. 1905. Tyrer Locauity: Near Fort Collins, Colorado. RANGE: Colorado to New Mexico and Arizona. New Mexico: West of Santa Fe; Tierra Amarilla; Sierra Grande; Farmington; Carrizo Mountains; Chama; Reserve; Fort Bayard; Silver City. Low hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. RHOEIDIUM Greene. Stiff, woody, widely branching desert shrub, often 2 meters high and of equal diameter, with stems intricately interlaced, the short ones sometimes spinescent; leaves generally about 2 cm. long, with about 7 elliptic leaflets borne on a winged rachis; leaflets acute, mostly entire; flowers small, in crowded clusters on the naked branches of the previous season in the axils above the leaf scars; calyx lobes orbicu- lar, concave, entire; petals white, finely ciliate; fruit globose, about 6 mm. in diam- eter, hispidulous, viscid. This genus is very close to Schmaltzia, as here understood, the differences in the leaves and the color of the flowers being hardly sufficient for separation. The descrip- tion of the fruit of Rhoeidium given by Doctor Greene is not correct for the fruit of the species in New Mexico. It is always orange scarlet, nearly like that of Schmalt- zia. The plant is also strikingly like the species of that genus in general habit, instead of being very diverse, as has been suggested, and the two grow side by side. 1. Rhoeidium microphyllum (Engelm.) Greene, Leaflets 1: 143. 1905. Rhus microphylla Engelm. in A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 31. 1852. TypE Locauity: ‘‘Margins of thickets, on the top of hills, in the large prairie be- tween New Braunfels and San Antonio,’’ Texas. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona, south into Mexico. New Mexico: Socorro; Berendo Creek; Hachita; Tortugas Mountain; Hopkins Mill; Organ Mountains. Dry hills, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 8. TOXICODENDRON Mill. Porson oak. Low shrubs, usually less than 1 meter high, with 3-foliolate poisonous leaves having large, broadly ovate to rhombic, acuminate, coarsely few-toothed or entire leaflets; flowers inconspicuous, greenish yellow, in small several-flowered axillary panicles; fruit depressed-globose, glabrous, thin-walled, white and shining when mature. 1. Toxicodendron rydbergii (Small) Greene, Leaflets 1: 117. 1905. Rhus rydbergii Small in Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1: 268. 1900. Toxicodendron punctatum Greene, Leaflets 1: 125. 1905. Tyre Locauity: Not definitely stated, apparently Montana. RanGeE: British Columbia and Montana to Nebraska and New Mexico. New Mexico: Winsors Ranch; Black Range; Sandia Mountains; Mogollon Moun- tains; White Mountains. In woods, in the Transition Zone. In New Mexico the plant goes under the name of ‘‘poison oak,’’ but in other parts of the United States the name given is more often ‘‘poison ivy,’’? which would seem much more appropriate. The type of 7. punctatum came from the Black Range ( Metcalfe 1088). 4. RHUS L. Sumac. Erect spreading shrubs 1 to 2 meters high or more, with pinnately 5 to many-foliolate leaves and axillary or terminal panicles of small, dull whitish or yellowish flowers; leaves persistent or deciduous, the leaflets large, 3 to 8 cm. long; flowers and fruit as described under the family. a i et ctl niin, Ae ee ee ee | . P | WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 409 KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves evergreen, thick; flowers axillary in small clusters; wood GOs PETIES VOTY TSEC 2 - feeta Sclnia\ nde = 2 4 Leaves glabrous on the upper surface. Bracts and peduncles densely viscid; heads subtended by REO IDEAS 924-45. QE: ces. A eles ass Beet se ae 1. A. marginata. Bracts and peduncles not viscid or only obscurely so; bracts mostly wanting. Stems 12 to 16 cm. high; heads large, about 10 mm. high; aM tne Wicts ODE... 3: ois Oe cy ee? aa 2. A. fendleri. Stems less than 10 cm. high; heads smaller, 6 to 8 mm. hich: inner bracta‘very actte: 22.22.2525 /2)-.... 3. A. peramoena. Leaves tomentose on both surfaces. Plants acaulescent; heads subsessile among the rosettes of basal 1S RILE Sige ag ls ee RRM A a a ae SETS, on 4. A. rosulata. 696 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. Plants caulescent. Bracts of the involucre with dark umber-colored upper portions. Imner bracts not-rose-colored $2. 4.22622 oe nee 5. A. umbrinella. Inner bracts rose-colored.......-..-------- 6. A. concinna. Bracts with white, pale yellowish, or pink upper portions. Heads large, 8 to 12 mm. high. ‘ Plants tall, 20 to 30 cm.; heads pedunculate; low- er leaves 3-nerved; stolons much elon- pated. ues... ash soa te ee eyo Seen ae 7. A. obovata. Plants low, usually 10 cm. or less; heads sub- sessile; lower leaves not 3-nerved; stolons BOK ak ce. UR Ee 8. A. aprica. Heads small, 5 to 8 mm. high. Bracts with pink upper portions............-.-.- 9. A. imbricata. Bracts with white .or pale yellowish upper por- tions. Tomentum of leaves closely appressed, silky, SIMIOS oooh cee oe eee Se ce eee 10. A. microphylla, Tomentum of leaves loose, not silky. Inflorescence, stems, and usually the leaves glandular; bracts with greenish or brownish spots, the tips pale-yellowish.............. ll. A. viscidula, Plants not glandular; bracts not spotted with green or brown, the tips cd IVE 2 peer 2 ater aie PEER PS 12. A. arida. 1. Antennaria marginata Greene, Pittonia 3: 290. 1898. Tyre Locauity: New Mexico, probably about Santa Fe. Type collected by Fend- ler (no. 528). Rance: Mountains of Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. New Mexico: Stinking Lake; Tierra Amarilla; Santa Fe. Transition Zone. 2. Antennaria fendleri Greene, Leaflets 2: 143. 1911. Tyre Locatity: Near Santa Fe, New Mexico. Type collected by Heller (no. 3612). Rance: Mountains of northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Santa Fe; Hermits Peak. Transition Zone. 3. Antennaria peramoena Greene, Leaflets 2: 144. 1911. Typr LocALITY: Wheelers Ranch, New Mexico. Type collected by Wooton, July 11, 1906. RanGE: Mountains of southwestern New Mexico. New Mexico: Wheelers Ranch; Pinos Altos; Burro Mountains. Transition Zone. 4. Antennaria rosulata Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 300. 1897. Typr Locauity: Arizona. RaAnGE: Colorado to Arizona and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tunitcha Mountains; Tierra Amarilla. Meadows and hills, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. . 5. Antennaria umbrinella Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 302. 1897. Antennaria mucronata E. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 2'7: 209. 1899. Type Locauiry: Long Baldy, Little Belt Mountains, Montana. RANGE: Mountains from Oregon and Wyoming to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Truchas Peak; Pecos Baldy. Arctic-Alpine Zone. a WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 697 6. Antennaria concinna E. Nels. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. 23: 705. 1901. Type Locatiry: Olympic Mountains, Clallam County, Washington. Rance: Washington to Utah and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Top of Pecos Baldy (Bailey 638). Arctic-Alpine Zone. 7. Antennaria obovata E. Nels. Bot..Gaz. 27: 213. 1899. Typr Locauity: Near Soldier Canyon, Colorado. Rance: South Dakota to Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Las Vegas Hot Springs; Sandia Mountains. Hills and plains, in the Transition Zone. 8. Antennaria aprica Greene, Pittonia 3: 282. 1898. Antennaria holmii Greene, Pittonia 4: 81. 1899. Antennaria latisquamea Greene, Leaflets 1: 145. 1905, not Piper, 1901. Antennaria anacleta Greene, Leaflets 1: 200. 1906. Type Locauity: ‘‘Very common species of the whole Rocky Mountain region.”’ Rance: Alberta and South Dakota to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Tierra Amarilla; Winsors Ranch; Wheelers Ranch; Sawyers Peak; Gilmores Ranch; Vermejo Park. Hills and mountains, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. The type of A. latisyuamea was collected in the Black Range ( Metcalfe 1433). 9. Antennaria imbricata E. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 27: 211. 1899. Antennaria rosea imbricata E. Nels. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. 23: 707. 1901. TYPE Locauity: Wyoming. Rance: Montana to Utah and New Mexico. New Mexico: Near Tierra Amarilla (Eggleston 6461, 6615, 6532). Meadows, in the Upper Sonoran and Transition zones. 10. Antennaria microphylla Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 24: 303. 1897. Antennaria formosa Greene, Leaflets 1: 145. 1905. Type LocaLity: Manhattan, Montana. Rance: British Columbia and Saskatchewan to Nebraska and New Mexico. New Mexico: Taos; Costilla Valley; Brazos Canyon. Meadows, in the Transition Zone. 11. Antennaria viscidula (E. Nels.) Rydb. Colo. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 100: 369. 1906. Antennaria arida viscidula E. Nels. Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus. 23: 710. 1901. Type LocaLity: Laramie Peak, Wyoming. RANGE: Wyoming to northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; hills southwest of Tierra Amarilla. Meadows, in the Transi- tion Zone. 12. Antennaria arida E. Nels. Bot. Gaz. 27: 210. 1899. Type LocaLity: Tipton, Wyoming. Ran@eE: Wyoming to Utah and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; top of range between Sapello and Pecos rivers; Jemez Mountains. Meadows, from the Transition to the Hudsonian Zone. 51. MADIA Molina. Tarween. Glandular-viscid annual with mostly alternate, linear leaves and small glomerate heads; involucre oblong, angled by the salient backs of the bracts; receptacle flat or convex, bearing a single series of bracts, these inclosing the disk flowers as a kind of inner involucre; ray flowers 2 to 5 or none, the rays inconspicuous; achenes narrow, laterally compressed, angled. 698 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. 1. Madia glomerata Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 2: 24. 1834. Type Locauity: ‘‘ Plains of the Saskatchawan.”’ Ranae: British America to Colorado and northern New Mexico. New Mexico: Chama; Brazos Canyon. Moist ground in the mountains, in the Transition Zone. 52. BLEPHARIPAPPUS Hook. Stout, hirsute, sparingly branched annual with alternate, entire, linear or oblong, sessile leaves, and rather large heads of white flowers; rays large and showy; invo- lucre of a single series of narrow bracts with scarious margins, inclosing the achenes of the ray flowers; receptacle flat, bearing a series of chaffy bracts between the ray and disk flowers; achenes somewhat compressed, those of the ray flowers destitute of pappus, the inner ones with a pappus of numerous bristles. 1. Blepharipappus glandulosus Hook. Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 316. 1830. Layia glandulosa Hook. & Arn. Bot. Beechey Voy. 350. 1833. Layia neomexicana A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 2: 98. 1853. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Common on the plains of the Columbia, in sandy soils, under the shade of Purshia and Artemisia.”’ Rance: British Columbia and Idaho to California and New Mexico. New Mexico: Mangas Springs. 53. GUARDIOLA Humb. & Bonpl. Erect annual with sessile, mostly connate, oblong-lanceolate leaves and small 4- flowered turbinate heads, each with a single ray; involucre of 3 concave membrana- ceous bracts; achenes oblong, slightly compressed, glabrous; pappus wanting. 1. Guardiola diehlii Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 48. 1908. Tyre Locauity: ‘‘ Albuquerque and Socorro, New Mexico.”’ RanGe: Known only from the type collections. We have seen no specimens of this species. 54. DICRANOCARPUS A. Gray. Low slender annual, the leaves divided into linear segments; heads small, with 3 or 4 ray flowers and 3 or 4 disk flowers, the rays small and inconspicuous; involucre of 3 or 4 narrow bracts and sometimes 1 or 2 small foliaceous outer ones; achenes dimor- phous, | or 2 elongated, puberulent, smooth, with 2 long divergent awns, the others short, more or less tuberculate, bearing 2 short divaricate horns. 1. Dicranocarpus dicranocarpus (A. Gray) Woot. & Standl. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 16: 189, 1913. Heterospermum dicranocarpum A. Gray, Pl. Wright. 1: 109. 1852. Dicranocarpus parviflorus A. Gray, Mem. Amer. Acad. n. ser. 5: 322. 1854. Wootonia parviflora Greene, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 122. 1898. Tyre Locauity: Plains between the Guadalupe Mountains and the Pecos, western Texas. RancGE: Southern New Mexico and western Texas to northeastern Mexico. New Mexico: White Sands. Alkaline soil, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. 55. MELAMPODIUM L. Perennial herb, 30 cm. high or less, often woody at the base, with opposite, entire, linear to spatulate leaves; heads long-pedunculate, with large white rays; bracts in 2 series, the outer 4 or 5 flat, ovate, partially united, the inner each embracing an achene and deciduous with it; achenes obovate, incurved; pappus none. WOOTON AND STANDLEY—FLORA OF NEW MEXICO. 699 1. Melampodium leucanthum Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 271. 1842. TYPE LocALiTy: Texas. RanGe: Colorado and Kansas to Arizona and Texas and southward. New Mexico: Bernal; Pecos; Nara Visa; Clayton; Socorro Mountain; Albuquerque ; Knowles; Melrose; Fort Bayard; Mangas Springs; Middle Fork of the Gila; Organ Mountains; Roswell; south of Stanley. Dry plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. The ray flowers of this species are normally a clear, bright white, but not infre- quently turn pink with age, especially late in the season, and plants with pinkish rays are occasional. 56. PARTHENIUM L. Herbaceous or woody biennials or perennials with alternate, pubescent, variously lobed or pinnatifid leaves, and numerous corymbs of small heads of white flowers; involucre of few broad appressed bracts in about two series; achenes oval or obovate, usually pubescent, with a narrow callous margin; pappus of 2 chaffy awns or scales. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Herp lcavertwice pillmatahde 6 Leo Adele ee 1. P. lyratum. Moawselnilossleavesmew-lObed=as-220- 555 ssc on ee ee eset sete ec os te 2. P. incanum. Statements have been made that P. argentatum, the Mexican rubber plant or ‘“‘ouayule,’? occurs in New Mexico, but so far as we know there is no foundation for these reports, that species ranging much farther south. 1. Parthenium lyratum A. Gray, Syn. Fl. 1°: 244. 1884. Parthenium hysterophorus lyratum A. Gray,-Proc. Amer. Acad. 17: 216. 1882. Type LocALity: Western Texas. RanGe: Western Texas and southern New Mexico; also in Mexico. New Mexico: Soledad Canyon; Hondo Hill; Guadalupe Mountains; Carlsbad; Lake Valley. Dry hills, in the Upper Sonoran Zone. 2. Parthenium incanum H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 260. pl. 391. 1820. Marrona. Type Locauiry: ‘‘Colitur in horto botanico Mexicano.”’ Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and southward. New Mexico: Socorro; Mangas Springs; Rincon; Tucumcari; Cuchillo; Florida Mountains; Tortugas Mountain; Organ Mountains; White Mountains. Dry hills and along arroyos, in the Lower Sonoran Zone. This plant has been used for the production of rubber. For this purpose, however, it is far less valuable than the Mexican rubber plant, or ‘‘guayule,’’ mentioned above. 57. BERLANDIERA DC. Coarse canescent perennial herbs with alternate, simple or lyrate-pinnatifid leaves and large pedunculate heads with showy yellow rays; bracts in about 3 series, the outermost small and foliaceous, the inner thin, membranaceous in age; achenes flat, obovate, wingless, unicostate on the inner surface; pappus mostly obsolete. KEY TO THE SPECIES. Leaves all pinnatifid; heads numerous..........---.------------ 1. B. lyrata. Leaves merely crenate; heads few........-------.--------------- 2. B. macrophylla. 1. Berlandiera lyrata Benth. Pl. Hartw. 17. 1839. Berlandiera incisa Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 282. 1842. TyPE LocaLity: Mexico. Rance: Arkansas and Texas to Arizona and Mexico. 700 CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE NATIONAL HERBARIUM. New Mexico: Knowles; Clayton; Albuquerque; Laguna; north of Santa Fe; Socorro; Lake Valley; Mangas Springs; near White Water; Animas Valley; Organ Mountains; between Ruidoso and Eagle creeks; Gray; Roswell; Nara Visa. Plains and hills, in the Lower and Upper Sonoran zones. 2. Berlandiera macrophylla (A. Gray) Jones, Contr. West. Bot. 12: 48. 1908. Berlandiera lyrata macrophylla A. Gray, Syn. Fl. 17: 243. 1884. Type Locauiry: Southern Arizona. Rance: Western Texas to southern Arizona and adjacent Mexico. New Mexico: Queen ( Wooton). 58. ENGELMANNIA <'o\-]-1=/= [21 elaine iaeigat 563, 564 SBIR ee asme= cs cecaenessssccsscsedetetsace TOA WWREIZA) > sae cise cass cicce socisiesnscio nett sneeets 93 BMMNG ete wcexie cess tae s= = sa seeendess=sscee 197! || MBrIZOPYLUM: pos soe anise occee ssc smcs ces mekpieee 94 PRISLONLA MM aeecon oo a newindian acanns 5 sstelece enema 658 WAH ONV Aaa estes ce sa siane Sadana ols sisieis TGR || (BUchlObsaia2 anc cwseeadee seSae = sighs seeders 83 PB lack-eyeduSUSAl.-s-a7ascacoccsasscee ees 707) sBuckeye; New Mexican =. 5-22 2s--ese ase 412 Bindderpodersascsenss sas eensseecacseecen oes Data NEC KCROTM: ein sees acs esc coe celeste ae 413, 414, 495 CITT a ee ne eae 270 family aeons sean PRE cate anae o eA 413-415 IBIRAGeRWON tos taciiee scien acss fe tle. eos HOO? |. Buckwheat cn ecte wc oeseh s vtcsrs ices ee one 197 AAR Nats hoes sce sijaciassngessce acl sas 599 family os. ow sie ec sees cee See saae eas 181-197 Blankethowere ass as- sccacie aoe eee aero 484 @lammiyiweed ios. .2522522s5|SGOssy Dianthus os ese esac eee a =elea ee eee 215 rankeniacese:. 526 sen atone ceeins a nsen eee COAT |W) CC ceric lee aanmppes cosa ssesodedsossnatseescot: 615 PHU TERETE ao atatesaisiae ee ele eee Rees eee esTaee 636 SAMY cow eceer crete cece eee eee 612-616 1 E205) ry ig age ee ee 499-500))| "Grama, blacks. --.o-0-cpeee eee eee =n eneee 87 IMPAKINUS aes ns cisisminocistee ses cee = SCE EMEA 496 jo) bb) BERBER ae MEne posse cedtaaedocbaascon- 87 SHNCIROMIUL Saree cnet ain eee Bee er ene eet) 199 Crowfoot 2. jot ce-nieeoe ce nae renee eee 88 ringed Pentian soos. oS seU ewe mein cle nie we «ole 501 PTASS.. ~~. 22 ----- 22 eee eee w eee enn nee 85 GMAT: peceercus eee Fae PC ese 144 ASIP ies Soa ccacus sks cence cece seeeeenee 87 Riroelichint soctcesce ccecceceee ct wecaccetess 214 Gevelsl Mee Cen See uso as escesseancssees sce 86 HMM ATIACOAGs «22 sci sles ctceeeis cect seseneses 262-263 SIS-WEOKS - =p ater ea eee eeeeee eee eee 86 Rumitony, familys. ct. osessssecc.cjeetcocces 262-263 AASB soeredecda cdg sadccuenecdencosses 85 Gaenineniazres cota boeeseaes anes ee nateee eee 636 CGrapee seca eaee ees eee nears escenaeemeaete 415 Gaara Sain eeeinsviere coe nse eee em eels 719-720, 732 familys MN ciose se ceneae sent see eee 415-416 GAlaChidees aoe cceseeec es oe os see cee pccisecer 376-377 OFOZ0N sss sac sec aaen so eine es meat eee 259 CAISTISOLD ota ays ai. screen seen see cian ademeeneee (OUS|| SGrasssapare]O cess scarce esse cere eeaeeeee 71 Galrditiseeecre: cece crscneceecce ner Seteek 604-606 BULO Weise ot ecine sot ene ieoee cea ne eateeltncean 41 Galletaerasss joss occe so sacccs en scsceeaeenee 53 barnyard esses seoccemeoeoeeee ae aeeeeeee 59 Galpinsia......... Se Te ae, Se geet Se 465-466 Bermudassc te accccs se cce nena eee eee 84 Gambel Okie ocnecdeeees + -sscesacacine se sees 174 blue-eyed. co. 2. ecnececeeceneoeeeee 147 Garram buono. ents renee ccsicn(sc.s6 se sleseetee 442 DOME... osecec ns veseeeeeeers ewer apeciate 95 GETTY B's wnat she Semin atte tote ae eke cance. ee 474-475 Duftalo./o.25. i oka ceee ese ee ease eee 82 Gaura sks Fis Ree cone eee e reer eoseseseee ere 461-462 CANATV eee cree nseaeeee oe aienpeciomanr eee 61 INDEX. 783 Page. Page. TASSREOLCOMe eiets alee maisisteimsiccisine secietia eee LIGNE GYMNOGTAINM xan cnn eine aececeer ee acncre saat 19 PR WALC DE esata amisi=injereiel=sysisieaiciatie especies O4y |) Grymnolomias <- oe ciciccemic ae aepeeeecnice sees 707-708 PASE HOBO sae joi om ai, ici-e/n'e hai nisigelne SO})|) Giymnoptenis a. slajscneccce scence seeeeseae 19 PRIME eerie Miaialjas cs ciajais cis) —jore,s stele ersle sees 43-1008 I Gyimnospermars..acacose ance cede cemas saeeee 656 Pa Ot ae ea science as seoseeaceanesee bap; GyanNOspermael. cos ceiseisenieinece ease crceicle 30-39 PUN SUE ea ts Sle olsic vei siaiciejs)~ 15514 5, ha neers nae naie Sai | GUnOslachyss. |; Seplandacese..... 25. igves.e..eeece eee eee 161-163 Horned pond weed-< 225: 2... .5-.22a2-e.--e nce 298-301 |) Funiperaceae: <<... -)|+ Kabistroemia. <.2-c-< SS Ssee ask ee ees eee 722-723 | Kentucky bluegrass... .:..2:--.¢-sceeseeceoe 100 Fy MICHO RY See Sete ee ecee Leet Eee 727-730, 731 | Kidney diseases, use of Ephedra............ 38 EY PETICACOHO Ss seiohn sock Le eCeseee choos oe ceo 428° | | Knotweed: .2...222.2--2ceattecectesea nese 193 iByperienless Petal ict oieaseee eet ccecae 427-431 >| | Kobresia: -<-+<.+2-<2--+.s5ecsessseeceseeeeee 124 EPy PUriICUIT se Eee cnh see eons ee ee eee 498°) “Kochia. ..-.22:s2s2522 sskeee ase eee eee 209 IEVPOPIlyS seer eet cee ee et eect asteoeecee 486: | Koeberlinia..-- 2: .<252¢-d222scee-scneeeeace 387-388 ERVSSOD) Sas. cots esse e eee ess coeecen roe 562| Koeberliniaceae..- .-5.--2.<2dss-c--sbeenaee 387-388 LERE@ 17s ee ge Reach OUR Mo aL eet tee hair 586" |) pWoeleria:: -2< +2 2:222.2ctceecestes sees eee 92-93 Mbervillancsa cece ee sites e oes cauecemes 614-615") | Kerameria /..4.< 22 s:-2- 52.22 2hseanee se saceee 336 Abidin se eaecel seee ss sess see e ss See eee 154>|\) Krameriacese -..2...2-5-:ttescesteceesseeeeeee 336 Wexner eccsc terete tceanecenet icon tareees W10"| Aeryntizkia.. -=--<-2 = .2-.:2e-ceveeeeueee 545, 546, 547 Hilecebrame c<- \Secc Soc he coe coe ace eee 916" | Baghnlas is. 2.2.5.2 botsssbe ee seseesecneees 649-650 PCAN TASS S25 oe Sc Sacto ne eee ee eRe eee 5D) | Kanata: ....2ks2c2 ak saat teeeeee cece neeeneee 318 THAHOW! (os schoo cece at een eee 419% | Wuaciniaria-...=2c:.2- cij\cc2 es ccoo ashes as sees e tee eeeoes 242 ISTH FNIUEL ces scogseteescecrescosdeeeenease™ O25 || ALR GTR pasbene acoospododnepeceencossaec- 568-569 Wesquerollan sees ose c= sence ss cienine me 274-276 | Lycopersicum..............--.. 252 sceseeee 566 LDCs SoS ba coocas se oeeE be on abe SEB Sseoee 622) |) ycopodiales = 2.2 esc e ates oe w)s's soe seers 29-30 IIGTCITA ON. 65 5 Gnas ope cress sdesseueese Sena doa) ||) GVCOPUSS = =a 2st cis ecices- 52 ean nesiseeeees 555 iaritel Rit) 3« ceck pecosaeeecnosoceueeeemocace™ GO| Aa Guha Wa bodongaepene Pee Baencd SaaS aaa TOG 62 IL AWCT CRT Ec oooseseeesece se pESoasBrnOree= UES) || TUN i ES oe asa ococencasacsesesedoccer 628-629 MG VICE pyEa YLE Ua Meera ae) orel ela tele = ole miele tel byl} |] ONSITE OBR | Sooo oe acer sepoasoceassssone0oc 491 LEME SVs os cosndocisosoaeeneensossouoneas GS6—G8 le laythTaceae: = meer esse = oases ie eeieeieeisies 459 IPG RTE 6 oGradn deebsonanoeen esneceSeSeeceres Yas || Way fitqbbite oo poco cgeecrssesaceacsesessscsedc se 459 TOT coca StU SOG US HEBER Dace OUSaEpeeeece sac 649) |) Macdougaliascs. 4-2/2 ccs oa sccnsscseees 727 ACOMICE Wal demic sets = oe sais einieia mie) leleleln a= oie Machaerantheraee. eee sae se a silaea= sae 687-690 Life zones of New Mexico, account of....-.-.-. IG) PiMackenzie: Ke Ke esac ceeaecise 11, 116 MATER TE Te Coon a ot sosisdgeceda soseapoeanos ASO MOLT OCOLYD so atelateiniele asia <= setae = =sajoia o)ola ae sere 535 Liliaceae..... cocadiddeasctisoegoagesede cise IEE SIEE |) WM GYorsy Git po oscoddopened sao osee Ben SOeenor 543-544 MiliglesSeecese ne seceee se cea ae aa saioe Madronella sq (02 =) c1 ~ eee eere sees 586-588 Marsileaced@s. <2. 222-2 seco cere ceseenee see 27 -\ MAING 522 sic ee ace es ee ee eee Martvaiiasnr os 2k Jer ase ye ee 601,602 1 ge SAMA Reales er yh Ge tuy 551-566 Martymiaceses ics) csc sissessncccteseseer 601-602 round-leaved-(.. 2.20220. eee eee eee 555 Maret s 20a ls 2 Te ke ee wok) Mirabilis 6 oie eh eee 220, 221, 222 Matrimony viles.2 6252-5552 3.c225-eeeeeeeas 569! || Mistletoe 2.0: Soe et Ss ees ee ee ee eee 179 Matirandia 2.02 a2. oiaGradocase seen ce seeeee 578 familly... 3 <)\s's's 220 o2 oeee assess eeeroes 177-181 Min yWeGd scree tee ae AMublenbergia« .scesscce ccs eee ee eerie 68-72 PUPDEr Plant mo eee ceteewie wie ce = wince cess GOonnMulberryte. cts cescs se sce een esc emeeee eae 175 SESSA Soe Sapo cesaomasssesseenqcoose 94 i fri Nae eepeSeTiGconon ToccoSEsncocticSsoccs 175 WHILGIPINO® Sc 'c contac ibs etewkee eens 3o')|) Mulfords MISStAry To cnc eee enemies seater 10 MNCTAMDOLIS oo alcissrcle ars eo we ieee tee GIS Mallen 24 Joos ences soe seen ene aeons 577 MieTANENGS 3-55 one's ce ciemaeien meen een neat e 296-297)-\|\ Miunroa. 2. oe ee eee 90 MACTOSTELIS js Secistsiesaw be dens va sentaciesiecees Ole | SMAISk-r0Ob ts ve Sco wiec eee tee cae eee oe nee eee 612 MACTOSUY Ss o:2 Siete waiersveatecen Sse center eee eeeee MBL, 5) Meistard os con os Soar eee eee ene eee 281 Mirnonetiefamily-.~-.s-2.c-ct--cocus senior 291 famlilyesce ces toes eee eee eee eee 263-289 Milfoil, water. ..iesciccsscostestee see eee 473 hare’s*ear ces. See eens 288 MAN TIME ec cc toees Seicce te ecimct Soe eRe Se 58 hedges ease ee use eee eee eee 286 MK DOBcis ew sncesinceccotceae seeestosseseues 376 (ET eee a eee SEMA PAA ABGOCICUUN OSA 286 NEW OO foie eistenieee resem eee ee ne ee eee 509’ | ‘Mutisiaceaes<.civ2-5-- 0022. eaesee es eoreme 630-631 FATIALY sia) o)oialninteeialatnia elie tere teles = ait a 506-513 | Mutton grass........---.------------eee-eee- 101 Chet DS 8a6 ssecens SS ssocee soca asceseas seac B11] Myosotis........ 2222-02-00 seer cee cesenees 546 Millowortsess.ccterciscnceucessecccesee cles BO” | My osurts S22 cee sete eaee betes e eee sete 249-250 LEE RE CPT Bes SSC EROS STORE AG ERE Or anoc 390-392 | Myriophyllum........--....-..--02-ee--0--- 473 MGligte cenceseseess eabeme acest seer aeeee 143 | Myriopteris....-.....--c--0ecceeseeceeceeoeee 22 Mallet; HOP ssaseucemenees ue sa -s2-7<-e see ee 68" )| SMiyrrhis 2s scesis eso = AU PO neoCanyasen cos bos cesecee Osc sens oes Aeiscwe 544-546 WNicolichiaeenerta sees neta sia ooe aes = 1-1 ilo OreochrysUm= - 52. 2s. sssesceasceso2csenceee 667 Nicoliaiausen tenses ee aeseeaee senescence DOT=D0S. | MOreolinOneen ssecee see see 5 sesso oss Sone = eee 147 Nigger weedsrccte-.---2-5-20 se eesensdesasees ADSM OREGRCIRAL UND oes Caserta nce cas seises sale ceeses 479 Night-flowering catehfly ........------------- AZ OLOOXISER eee cat awe nee ce ease an ee ee gee 480 Nightshade, black...-.-.- Se gen R Or OICeCE Cert ors) |e Oropanchaced@./.2.-226s- sec seseeceoscssene 599-600 GNCHARIGH Seeley sass sceme cosas ereeee se SCOD Oro hanchesscnses sn cot tae eens os ccteee eee 600 family...-....-------------------++---- HOU-otanl (Orpmeramily ee: cose anse toeee sce ccaseeee ee 292-294 Ninebark......-----------------++--+--++----- S09T IE OeChOCAnplisteerss swae serene = oss see neeeeee 594-595 Nogal....-.--------+--+--0--0 22 eeeeee seers OSA Ony ZODSISe Aer: Mena e othe tee Stee ese reece 66, 72-73 Nolina......------------------++++--++---- AS TLS AIO SIONTAIZE EE ee oe ence ce nooo nee aero eee 478 Nopales......-..-----------++-++++-+ 022+ ++-- SD IMI OStLV Are eet coe ae ene stone tone neat eeaens 163 Northern bedstraw.....-..------------------ COD IRO thalcantee eee ee ot hee eee ee 722 Notholaena........----------------+++---+--- tO ZUG Owls CAV Sateen ta oso ar ot ate eet tee 726 Nut grass. .....-..------+----+---+---2222 222+ US RO xalidecencae tes nce eos cee eee eeeee 384-385 Nuttallia=<::-<-.2- oa basbpobcaepecweborsog AZ ASOM Gy lISe ee eee we cece eo ee 384, 385 Nyctaginia....---.------------+-++++++++++-- pre YO Sh ga ES a 701 Nyctelea.....---------------+-+ +++ +222 --ee+- 535 GNI Baebete Rep peHeeEeEnSepsceeece eso sca- 734 0) SE ee ROR WO ewi RUE.» 2 225! ocak doe seo sce ckae. 220, 221, 222 Ariz0NA...--------+ +++ +2222 eee 22 eee WOO OTYgTaphiS co cet nee seese- ces sac eseeeeevens 253 black. ....----------+---+-+-+-+++ 2222+ HOOUI Oy nolissec sees soe ese ence eee s eee eee 483-484 chestnut......----.--------------------- LCS @ irce a te eee tate ae tat sais ce ied 8 190 Fendler....------------+++++++++-++--++- 1GSalWOmcbropisheseces ee eet eee eae toes 370-371 Gambel.......-.------------++++++++++-- Nn Pachistimiaee rast ta setae ace eee oro eee 410 Jerusalem .....--------++-++++++20+++--+- MOS CPaphiviophuss |. {2 .225cn2002ss22-2ces sewer 471 POISON... --------+++ +--+ 2-222 222-ee eee SOS Me Pichypodiine-ccst. oct se cons eens eee ee 267 shinnery ....---------+----2+00e+e eee e ee TARE Pag astee ee ae a asec ae ete 325-326 white-leaf..-..-..-------+-+++++++-++++-- LOU (pamted CUD ats ae ae cece thence soee eee 591 Oak-leaved goosefoot.....-.----------------- ZOOS PUB RIafo xine Ascii ss: eee es) 2s ete 799 Oats...-..-----+------- +--+ 22-2 e eee eee eee coi SSTE/Si Feta Fat cl eee ah ee Ry SR ce a 192 false. ...--------2-----++-0e ee eee eee ee eee SZ ae alin eee Make ee tee nee eee Sem oe 137 Wild. ....---------------+-++-2e eee eee eee SIP picasa aes ese oe Se ee a See SS Sete 136 Queliscanig ss 2 asa ase sa se sane ss ssace= ee 706 PATI HTAIOS tee oe eam cetca core arceimer aces 39 Obione. eas aol Mim a aS oe AS) Siw we esa Save ae 203 ) 204 , 205 Panic far She Sos So son See So euce baer aaauenCene 56 Ocotillo......-..-----+-----+++++++22++222--- S280 Mi Panicdlaria= sees icon seein ceo. cece 103, 104 HEN eipeocOb Epecene rE) EEC Eee accocee ane a2 5a Panic yen meee peat e hecm ace 54, 56-59, 60, 84 Odosfemonsss >. asesecos7 ce eaisassceaees 259-2008 Pap avel ese tater aree stents oan cee 262 Oenothera..... 465, 466, 467, 468, 469-470, 471,472,473 | Papaveraceae........---------------------- 260-262 Oldenmlandia 22s .2 oo. ese sere 5--52==<" GOT, 6050|) Papaveraless.ccucosnstes2ssossess-cne2 ses 260-291 Oleaceae seen nese sess anceoecesne as eae 495-497) PappophOramisses se eens ace en see ee leriae 88-89 788 INDEX. Page. Page. Paniotarinera s-ceeieten saacsecse cat esencoees 177 | Physaria..... sighstaessSeteecnueee acne ee 270 (Parnassia ano |e sea ees Sea these seeee aes 298 | Phytogeography of New Mexico............. 1 IPBINASSIACCAD Su couse cen eee eee Eee 298'|, Phytolaccaceae.. ...4: 20. sce = 2ecseaeeecaeee 228 Paronychiacosset tas ce ences ecco eee £16,216" || Biceastec. 22.2 sess: sees na eee se ee eee 33-34 (PATOSola Meter en een 671 rattlesnakes o72ucsacecsses esc eee 150 Petrophyton......-....-2.-- 2 -- 5. n nessa ne 310 WEARS) Ds carp oreanbaSmbbeccsoSeaTedoor nas 42 TRS aes OL Sok Soddo boosh se acnacs asss56 968, || Platanacede 2: 2-5 22.67.04... seenee eee 304 JEA TCT SOE Be SS eceiaOr 357,360,300, 307, 008 || (PlatanUS.\2--<<¢--co--5 peanegsser 388 WALT Sete cores macs ces ements 589 Gillisaldineeee cece reece Soc ccncecaseas SIS-SIGT | WOMOrPlass scjsis cc seis e'as0 s-ce niet see tisesmaeee 238 Sicydhimibeesesseecrcnes ssc ce sea tose sae eas eee ae eee 53 MAMI Y 225 Sa ee ote oe Se eee ogee 304: | Pomatilla eis o sas aw dacs co soe secon ener 568 Symphoricarpos222 42 ss eeee ee ne G1O=GL1 |) "Pomato..o-22cccseendesa- ce ao ee eee 566 Syntilerisma sso ee eee ee eee eee 543)-"Ponestus ss... ede oe cose eee e eee 667 Synth yriseee ces eee sean tesa mee GOO ae Rormillonaes-sccae eee igaceseeesecee see 329 IBABRLOS == ecteee Seek Sec RCE Ste chee seenemae 716).;| LOM Ena es Sot seaese seem ae tees 433, 434, 435 PFEAVINIOPSIS Sais eyelatetes ste cine a elec ieee ee 230-2314) “Pownsendiat 27.0 s.\222e taacaeee cece rene 691-693 EPal inns steer ek tee eee 231-233 || “Roxicodendron's 5.222. secesece se ae eee 408 MOM STAMIS festooe asians wenisels se teseeeme eens 85°|| ‘Poxicoscordion.\.- J22 22.22 sce =e seeeeee 130 SAPO OTASS ANA Ltt tsesicsb ic eel soe lees Bl. | ‘Trachypogone-i 25-2 Selec saen ee ee eee 49 RAMATICACOREL esses. eee See wee 427-428 ||. "Tradescantia® : 3.43 c2hos2sccdee see ee ee eee 126 MamMarixd setae ee ah eiseos Saleen ote tome AQT -428 |“ Dragacanng ces decce ttecte ceceet ose netore 364 SAM YOR 7 gee see sees eee eee ees AQT—ADS il SUTAGIAs seen acces csi Aces sane e se eee eee 404 TWanigeeyumiss sts sisieekes ses bee etek sae eases (od| “Prapopogon. co osecs le scen cree Cee eeee 621 Tanning, use of caflaigre......-..........--.- 102: }), “Pragus coo eeeacetitece teen one ee ere 52 LUN ein da goenonacanbadas sp sdeonaresdersaotcde Wot, |, ‘Prautvetteria:’. mesos ocr seco eee en eeee : 258 TE 1 BS Se aoc easecancorinicsaaeemnasecs 286 ||: Pree 'cactus-1 2 jose eee ec eee 443 MPATAXACUM .osecet ee PvE RE SEE eee ee ee toe 626-627 || Tree-ol-heaven’ 2. vessseee eee ee ene eee 390 ‘Par-bushs o.cs6 si beck Leste eset ethos veka (ty | “Lrefoil, bird’s-foote see eae ee eee 346 DAEW GCC oscjee 2istos ateielaic ee ce assed se ebb sees age 697 shrubbys-2 So Ose eee eee 388 PRESS LUNs rererstcle tele late winielolee ale Sie elas = ai= te ieeioreieiaye 442 CK se Soee cas ceene Se eae encarta 371 eas Mornon: 2.2 .cucescs st sstace lease ees 38. brianthems : 3 cccise.cosesass ec eaee eee eee 229 INBVEO Ss. 22 eteeseescccecotsees Seek ee oles OZ, || Briathera. SP Oe S22 Nes eee ae eee 86 OIONYSS tiene Soe se cee se ees peksceeeseeaante 208% |) Tribulus ye ieie soc sae ele soe oe soe e eee cen 386 MOQUUAs ae cRess ewe csces costs eee lee ee eee 145." MPrichacnne <2 on eae eee eee eee eee oa WSSOTID = Beso Selle so Sale Sens SA cee ae See 693: ‘|’ ‘Drichlorist: 25420 0ee7 SSeeeee te ee een eee 88 Wetraclea:t= 276, 276 DOLALOS a eeincier mae sieicisis seancenece cece tae 573 Vetch wilder maancce smtericewicise cine: cies clones 373 TYO'wlerciarsts anpivincis ove dvice seecousesenesene 108 WViADOng Witteasepteascencs ia cbicn <6 celescsabwesics 349 WOCCH oe cic eivclaciecis siznciaciesiscccs sachets 373 WAG neniemeinmiemeiteetsci cs cist Wallow-herDee.osccccincaanssaccied macemeasie ces 463 WAG IN CEAB mere tres aiclerct cceicisteSs ecw occas SRA SU WaAnten Als san occinisseso~ ost c ce oes ss nealecee = 201 Wao letmeemectasccuaiccacies cieeciccs ace ciccas We ea2 OF le Witntterereen fies cranioeasasic ce stasaacscaeidas 487 EMR eee ted tae cais'ncis\= ree siaicin.eas esa (s = 428-431 TAIN Yea isc ka cio ss steer asule se So siceistese. 486-488 WUE NOLO ecis onincie wie nsics sesisieise cels'clanice 384 one-Howeredss sc. sccccccse cue cJcace cece 488 WilOETIA cian cues uso/ss.ciors sels oivieesisie'ies sieteios eke 256-25 Gs WiLORTaSSererccsateincls caeclcs cre mmsemebece eens 64 794 INDEX. Page. Page. WuSlizeniniecmes ccc cee amce ce aeeeeeenaes 290-29). - i Mellow Cress: ec-ee-caceie ence recess 284 WHER oo cee sere ce cenicte oxen ack mak aceaeee 574 GOCK 3 --apaete wee ice eee esact a eee 192 WOOd Teed STrAass eso oso. ce ee aces eee eceen ene 78 jit: > eR eRe ee RA Se ED Si 382 BUSING Jee wives a sistas mains Some ee eee sees 134 [ 8) 1:1 ER Seo eS oe CK. = 32 Woodsine'. 2 iacacstastecesccwecestesetesee 26 TAO: a2 i.e esciectotere aiscisacets steeemeeee 595 Wood-sorrel family -.-- 2.2.2 .2cs-2s0-5 2520 384-385 Sweet COVER. . - mess soe se sesise spate 343 WHOLOD Sate mism scisiclssei mere scien ae 384 WECD occ ace nomen siscees = sescies Seep eee 658 VEN OWiec cheers isc -e sass oe eect 385 wood-sorrel s< 5. s-s/sc2ases seer eeeee eee 385 Wooton, E. O., botanical work in New Werbadel negro... 35s. -25 222 sce -eee eet 423 IMGRICOV os snns one cee clea eee 5 Gi VIDOTA: osteo scd oat sen eee teen eee 658 er AaruiMN Olen see csscesee oases ats 10 QNANSA oie sais ice ae eee eee eee eae 154 WOO LONE Aa.) sermon cr icintteieciacien eres eae 713 PATER = <5 cs waco nes - =o -easeee eee epee 710 WOOLO NIG aes wee st ponaicicls a hea Same hace ee ase Se 698 |) Muaeeahec~ ce ew ist ceca eescoose eee eee 135-137 IWOFMWOOU ss