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UNIVERSITY OF I
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BIOLOGY LIBRARY

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THE FLORA OF SUFFOLK;

A Topographical Enumeration of the Plants of the

County, showing the Results of former Observations

and of the most recent Researches,

BY

•W. ZMI- ECIICTID, ULL. HD.,
HECTOR OF HONINGTON,

ASSISTED BY THE LATE

CHURCHILL BABINGTON, D.D., F.L.S.,

RECTOR OF COCKFIELD,
HON. FELLOW OF ST. JOHN'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE,

WITH
AN INTRODUCTORY CHAPTER OF THE

GEOLOGY, CLIMATE AND METEOROLOGY OF
SUFFOLK,

BY

HiinsrnD, :MZ.:D-, DEMR.C.S-

All Thy works shall praise Thee, O Lord." Psalm cxlv, 10.

LONDON :

GURNEY AND JACKSON, SUCCESSORS TO VAN VOORST

PATERNOSTER ROW,

1889.

BIOLOGY

tfs-a

B I&1

PREFACE.

BOUT ten years ago, the late Dr. Babington, of Cockfield, sug-
gested to me that I should unite with him in preparing a paper
on the Botany of Suffolk. As I then understood him, it was
to be confined to the lately- discovered and hitherto-doubtful
Plants of the County. In fact, little more was to be attempted
than a Supplement to the Flora of Suffolk, published in 1860.
It was agreed that the paper should not be printed until the Catalogue
of the Birds of Suffolk, then in course of preparation, had been pub-
lished. The time occupied in the incubation and fledging of the Birds,
has been much longer than was expected ; yet it has not been lost. It
has increased the number and variety of the Birds, and has enabled
them to appear in more perfect plumage. The delay has had a more
beneficial effect as regards our present undertaking. It has enabled me
to obtain a larger acquaintance with the Plants of Suffolk : it has
introduced me to several eminent Botanists, who have given their atten-
tion to the local Flora, and who have willingly placed the results of their
inquiries in my hands : it has afforded me opportunity to examine
various Herbaria, in which were stored the harvests of other labourers
in the Suffolk field. It has also made it possible to attempt the issue
of a new Flora of Suffolk, which, with the restricted knowledge and
scanty materials of ten years ago, would have been impossible.

Since the work was first taken in hand, each year has furnished its
tale of new plants discovered, new correspondences opened, new sources
of information revealed. There is no reason to suppose that any of these
has been exhausted ; but that, as time goes on, new materials will be
furnished and new labourers found ready to carry out the work now in
progress. The new Flora is therefore not to be regarded as a complete
and exhaustive work. It is only a step onward. Much yet remains to-

541

11.

be gleaned in the fields of Suffolk; and I heartily wish good speed to
those who are to follow and to bring the work to a more perfect issue.

The editing of this Flora has been much facilitated by the labours
of Prof. Henslow and Mr. Skepper in their work of 1860. After its
publication, Mr. Skepper seems to have been specially diligent in amas-
sing new information. This was entered in his copy of the Flora, along
with necessary corrections and emendations of that work. Through the
kindness of his widow I have been permitted to copy his annotations ;
and also to examine his Herbarium, which is in advance of the Flora,
as published. Where possible, I have endeavoured to trace the sources
of information used in the older work ; and I have given the original
authorities for plants and localities, as being on the whole preferable.
It would be ungenerous, on my part, not to acknowledge my indebted-
ness to Mr. Skepper for pointing my way to these original authorities.
Frequent reference to his name (E. Sk. or Sk. ms.) throughout this work,
will show how largely he has helped in raising the Botany of Suffolk
towards its present standard. Though Prof. Henslow described himself
as ' a consulting, but sleeping partner,' in the former Flora ; he has left
a legacy apart from that work, of which I have enjoyed the usufruct.
Use has been made of his published list of Hitcham plants; of his
Herbarium of Hitcham plants, now in the Ipswich Museum : and of a
parcel of Hitcham plants, collected by his school children, and kindly
sent to me by Prof. G. C. Babington.

To the late Dr. Babington, I am largely indebted for counsel and
suggestion ; also, for various sources of information, and for correspon-
dents introduced by him. His own annotated copy of the Flora of
Suffolk, that of Mr. W. Jordan, and a general Flora, having notes from
the hand of the late Mrs. Parker, were placed by him ac my disposal.
Three Herbaria were examined by him for the purposes of this Flora,
and through him I obtained knowledge of another, which has also been
consulted. Of still greater value has been his help in procuring the
loan of the History of Hawstead and the Ms. Naturalists' Journal of the
late Sir John Cullum, Bart., which contains the record of his personal
observations for a period of twelve years; also of Gillingwater's
History of Bury, and various other works of importance.

Among those, whose kind, sympathy and help I have enjoyed in
preparing this work, very special thanks are due to the Rev. E. N.

iii.

Bloomfield. From his long and large acquaintance with Suffolk Botany,
no one could speak with greater authority on the Flora of the County,
or give more useful advice in cases of difficulty. It was, at one time,
hoped that he would undertake the task which has fallen to me : what-
soever success I may have in its accomplishment, I shall largely owe to
his kind counsel and assistance. Should, as it is hoped, a second
volume be added to this work to include those cryptogamic families,
which are for the present passed over, I confidently hope that the
position of chief editor will be taken by Mr. Bloomfield.

To Mr. A. Bennett, of Croydon, I owe a debt of gratitude for his
kind interest in this undertaking, and for his ready help in determining
doubtful plants, and for supplying important information. The many
ways in which he has given me assistance I cannot particularize, nor
can I forget.

To my special friend the Rev. J. D. Gray, my frequent companion
in field work, and to my friend the Rev. E. F. Linton, I tender my
grateful thanks for their frequent communications of new plants, new
localities, new facts. While building up splendid Herbaria and pro-
viding materials for Botanists of a future age ; they are mindful that
their heaped up stores can be made profitable to the students of to-day.

For the very special assistance afforded in the difficult genera of
Rubus and Rosa, I am greatly indebted to the kindness of Prof. C. C.
Babington and Mr. J. G. Baker. I gratefully acknowledge their con-
stant readiness to assist in determining critical or doubtful species.

To Mr. G. E. Druce I return my very sincere thanks for new species
found by him between Lakenheath and Bury. Also for his great kind-
ness in directing my attention to old Ms. notes in a copy of Dillenius
Ray in the Library of the Oxford Botanical Garden, and for supplying
a copy of the same.

From many others I have received help and encouragement in
various ways. I ask all such to accept my grateful thanks. To two of
them I should make a more special acknowledgment ; but they have
gone to the home beyond, where human *thanks and praise avail them
not, and where earthly interests are unknown.

IV.

In the Flora, or Catalogue of Plants, the authority for the locality
of each plant is placed after it in italics, except in the localities
vouched for by myself. Where several localities, severed by a semi-
colon ( ; ), succeed each other, the authority following the latter or last
of them belongs to all. A colon and dash ( : — ) separate localities
supplied by different authorities.

In the Latin names of plants, a severer orthography than usual
has been followed, by writing i and not y in such words as silvaticus and
silvestris. Epithymus has been used instead of Epithymum, as the latter
is incorrect in form. Erigeron and some other masculine nouns ending
in on, occasionally mistaken as neuter, are correctly given. Care has
been taken to prevent errors of another class creeping in. For such as
ought to have been detected by me, and have not been, I must take the
responsibility, e.g. mistakes in copying, through failure of memory, or
false diagnosis of a species. Errors from wrong information, where it
has been impossible to test it, must be charged to their authors. Occa-
sionally doubts have been cleared up by establishing the genuineness of
a doubtful species or locality, or the contrary. Where it has been im-
possible to clear up a doubt, a ? has been added. In several cases a
plant has been rejected on the general improbability of its being found
wild in Suffolk.

While the Flora has been in progress, a Herbarium of Suffolk has
also been in course of preparation. It has not been possible to make it
as complete as was desired. It, however, includes the larger part of
the Phaenogamia, Equisetaceas, Filices, Marsiliacea3, Lycopodiaceas, and
Characeas of the County. As it is to be placed in the Ipswich Museum,
Boon after the publication of this work, it will be available for future
students of Suffolk Botany ; and it will serve as a test of the correctness,
or the contrary, of the genera and species as set forth in this work.

The Geographical and Geological Introduction to the Flora is from
the hand of my son, Wheelton Hind, M.D., &c. The Meteorological
Tables appended to it are the results of observations by Mr. P. Grieve,
of Bury St. Edmunds, and are taken from the West Suffolk Advertiser.
For the Notes on the elevation of the surface of the County, I am in-
debted to the kind courtesy of the Eev. Barrington Mills, Rector of
Lawshall.

V.

An Introductory Chapter on the Distribution of Species in Suffolk
is also prefixed. This had been undertaken by Dr. Babington, but owing
to his infirm health he was unable to complete it. Using his materials
I have endeavoured as far -as in me lay to mould it on his own lines.

The following papers have been appended to the Flora : —

Comparative view of the Flora of Suffolk and the three neighbouring
•Counties, Essex, Cambridge and Norfolk ; with the distribution of the
plants of Suffolk in its five Political Divisions. The comparison is
arranged in a tabular form.

The Flora of Suffolk and the three adjoining Counties compared
with the Flora of Holland. This paper was suggested and partially
worked out by the late Dr. Babington. I had little more to do than to
.arrange his materials in order.

Notes on the Progress of Botanical Study in Suffolk.

In preparing the Flora I have necessarily been at a great dis-
advantage through my limited personal knowledge of the County to
which it belongs. My connection with it goes no further back than to
1875. Nor was it until three years after that date that I attempted any
thing beyond noting down the plants in my immediate neighbourhood.
My distance from any large library for reference to works, bearing upon
or illustrating the Botany of Suffolk, was a still greater hindrance.
This will sufficiently account for meagreness of detail in the Notes on
the Progress of Botany in Suffolk. I have not accomplished all that I
desired, but I have done what I could. In conclusion I ask for a can-
did and unprejudiced reception of the Flora. It does not pretend to be
an exhaustive account of the Botany of Suffolk ; but I trust it may be
found to be a substantial addition to the records of the plants of this
•County.

Honington, July, 1889. W. M. HIND.

LIST OF SUBSCEIBEES.

Copies.

*Barnardiston, N., Esq. The Eyes, Sudbury, Suffolk. — — one.

Barrett, E., Esq. 8, Queen Street, Ipswich. — — one.

Barrington, Eichard M. Fassaroe. Bray, Co. Wicklow. — one.

Bath and Wells, Lord Bishop of. The Palace, Wells, Somerset. one.

Beck, Eev. James. Bildeston Eectory, Suffolk. — — one.

Beeby, W. H., Esq. 14, Eidinghouse Street, London, W. — one.

Bedell, Eev. A. J. The Parsonage, Waterloo, Liverpool. — one.

Bevan, Beckford, Esq. Bury St. Edmunds. — one.

Bevan, Gascoygne, Esq. Sudbury, Suffolk. — — one.
Bloomfield, Eev. E. N., F.E.S. Guestling Eectory, Hastings.— . one.

Boutflower, Mrs. Limefleld, Kersal, Manchester. — — one.

Braithwaite, Eev. F. J. (the late) Great Waldingfield Eectory

Suffolk. — one.

Bridgman, Miss, (the late). Weston Hall, Ixworth. — one.

Briggs, T. E. Archer, Esq. Fursdon, Egg Buckland, Plymouth. one.
Bristol, Marquis of. Ickworth, Bury St. Edmunds. — — three.

Brogden, E. W. 12, Lower Brook Street, Ipswich. — — one.

Brown, Mrs. Brent Eleigh Hall, Lavenham. — one.

Brown, Win., Esq. Gippeswyk Hall, Ipswich. — one.

Burrell, Eobert, Esq. Westley Hall, Bury St. Edmunds. — one.

Buxton, H. E., Esq. Fritton, Great Yarmouth. — — one.
Caton, Eev. E. Bewley. Great Fakenham Eectory, Bury St.

Edmunds. — — one.

Clowes, Mrs. G. A. Needham Market, — — two.

Cobbold, Felix T. The Lodge, Felixstowe.— — one.

Colman, J. J. Esq. Carrow Works, Norwich. — one.

Connell, Eev. A. J. Monks Eleigh Eectory, Ipswich. — one.
Cooke, Eev.' Canon W., F.S.A. 6, Clifton Place, Sussex —

Green, London, W. — — one
Corry, Col. Hon. H., W.L. Edwardstone Hall, Boxford, Colchester one.

Croker, Eev. J. M. Lavenham Eectory, Suffolk. — one.
Cullum, G. Milner Gibson, Esq., F.S.A. Hardwick House,

Bury St. Edmunds. —

Davidson, Eev. L. Chedburgh Eectory, Bury St. Edmunds. — one.

Beetles, Eev. C. St. Paul's Eectory, Wickham, Halstead. — one.

Doughty, Eev. Ernest Geo. Martlesham Eectory, Woodbridge. one.

*Dunlap, Eev. Arthur P. Bardwell Eectory, Bury St. Edmunds. one.

Durrant, Eev. C. E. Freston Eectory, Ipswich. — — one.

(List of Subscrbers continued.)

•^Edwards, Eev. A. W. Barningham Rectory, Bury St. Edmunds, one.

Ely, The Lord Bishop of The Palace, Ely. — one.
Furniss, Thomas S., Esq. Higham House, Stratford St. Mary,

Suffolk. — one.

*Foggitt, William, Esq. South Villa, Thirsk. one.

Fox, Rev. H. E. Durham. one.

Fraser, John, M.D. Wolverhampton. one.

Freston, Thomas Westfaling, Esq. Prestwich, Lancashire. — one.

Geldart, Herbert D., Esq. Thorpe Hamlet, Norwich. — one.

Gelsfcon, Major. Inyoni, Bury St. Edmunds. one.

Gladstone, Rev. H. Barton Vicarage, Bury St. Edmunds. — one.

Grafton, The Duke of. Euston Hall, Thetford. four.

Gray, Rev. J. D. Nayland Vicarage, Colchester. one.

Gray, Rev. W. B. Kersey Vicarage, Ipswich. one.

Grimley, Rev. H. N. Norton Rectory, Bury St. Edmunds. — one.

Hanmer, Miss E. A. E. 33, Ennismore Gardens, Princes

Gate, London, S.W. — — one.

Hanbury, F. J., Esq. 69, The Common, Upper Clapton, London, E. one.

Harrison, S. J., Esq. Haughley House, Stowmarket. — one.

Ha ward, Henry, Esq. The Red House, Little Blakenham,

Ipswich. — one.

Hedley, Rev. T. Grundisburgh Rectory, Wood15ridge. — one.

Helsham Jones, Mrs. Pinner Hill, Watford. — one.

Hetherington, G. H. H., Esq. Ipswich. — — one.

Hewitt, Rev. T. Preston Rectory, Lavenham, Suffolk. — one.
*Higgin, Mrs. Rosganna, Carrickfergus, Belfast. — — three.

Higgin, Thomas, Esq. Mossley Hill, Liverpool. — — one.

Higgins, Mrs. Mount Homse, Cheetham Hill, Manchester. — one.

*Hind, Miss Mary, Honington Rectory, Bury St. Edmunds. — one.

Hind, Rev. Canon C. The Rectory, Ferns, Co. Wexford. one.

Hoblyn, Richard A., Esq. 79, Priory Road, West Hampstead, N. W. one.

Hodgson, Miss. Red House, Wrentham, Suffolk. — — one.

Hodgson, W. W. Esq. Station Villa, Sudbury, Suffolk. — one.

Holland, Mrs. Huntingfield Rectory, Halesworth. — — one.

Home, Rev. F. E. Drinkstone Rectory, Woolpit. — — one.

Image, W. E., Esq. Herringswell House. - — one.

James, Rev. Herbert. Livermere Rectory, Bury St. Edmunds. one.

Jeffes, Miss. Prospect House, Needham Market. — — one.

Johnson, Thewlis, Esq. Broughton House, Manchester. — one.

( List of Subscribers continued.)

Jones, Rev. C. W. Pakenham Rectory, Bury St. Edmunds. one.

*King, Mrs. Rushford, Thetford. — — one>

Lathbury, Miss. 6, Angel Hill, Bury St. Edmunds. " one.

Layton, Rev. W. E. Cranbourne, Westerfield Road, Ipswich. one.

Leach, R. E. Esq., F.G.S. _ two.

Lewis, Rev. John. Ford, Salop. - — One.

Linton, Rev. E. F. Crymlyn, Bournemouth. one.

Linton, Rev. W. R. Shirley Vicarage, Derby. — One.

Machell Smith, F., Esq. 6, Cranley Mansion, Gloucester Road,

London, S.W. — one<

Manfield, Wm., Esq. The Manor House, Ixworth Thorpe,

Bury St. Edmunds. — — one>

Marriott, Rev. H. S. Wilby Rectory, Wickham Market — one.

Marshall, Rev. E. S., F.L.S. Withey, Godalming. — — one.

Melvill, James Cosmo, Esq. Kersal Cottage, Prestwich. one.

Miller, H., jun., Esq. Bosmere House, Norwich Road, Ipswich. one.

Miller, Robt. M. Esq. Highwood, Ipswich. — one.

More, A. G., Esq., F.L.S., F.R.S.E. 92, Leinster Road, Dublin. one.

Oakes, J. H. Porteus, Esq. Nowton, Bury St. Edmunds. one.

Paley, Hon. Mrs. Ampton Hall, Bury St. Edmunds. two.

Palmer, H. D., Esq., M.D. Nayland, Colchester. — — one.

Parker, Col. W. Clopton Hall. — one.

Pearson, Rev. Fredk. Stansfield Rectory, Glemsford. R.S.O., Suffolk one.

Phipps, Hon. & Rev. Canon Phipps. 27, Eaton Square, Lon-
don, S.W. — _ one.

Powles, H. H. P., Esq. 137, Norwich Road, Ipswich. — one.

Public Library, Beccles. Care of E. T. Dowson, Hon. Sec. — one.

Purchas, Rev. W. H. Alstonfield Vicarage, Ashbourne. — one.

Queen's College, Belfast. Care of Robt. A. Cunningham, Esq.,

4, Somerset Terrace, Belfast. — — one.

Reeves, Walter W., Esq. 32, Geneva Road, Brixton, S.W. one.

Roumieu, Rev. J. J. Ingham Rectory, Bury St. Edmunds. — one.

Russell, Rev. H. Layham Rectory, Hadleigh. — one.

Saumarez, Honble. James. Shrubland Park, Coddenham. — one.

Sawbridge, Rev. J. S. Thelnetham Rectory, Thetford one.

*Scully, Reginald, Esq. 91, Lower Baggot Street, Dublin. — one.

Sibbald, J. G. E., Esq. 3, Townshend Villas, Richmond-on-

Thames. — one.

Sewell, Rev. W. H. Yaxley Vicarage, Eye, Suffolk. — one.

(List of Subscribers continued.)

Singh, His Highness Prince F. Duleep. Elveden, Thetford. —
Steuart, Augustus, Esq. Salisbury Gardens, Ventnor, Isle of Wight.
Temple, Rev. Robert C. Thorpe Morieux Rectory, Ipswich. —
Terry, Mrs. Tostock, Bury St. Edmunds. —
Thompson, Rev. H. Farnham Rectory, Bury St. Edmunds. —
Thompson, Rev. John E. Offton Vicarage, Needham Market.
Thompson, Rev. Joseph H. Vicar of Cradley, near Brierley Hill.

Townsend, Fred, Esq., F.L.S., M.P., &c., Honington Hall,
Shipston-on-Stour. —

*Turner, Rev. Canon. Bradfield St. George Rectory, Bury St.

one.
one
one.
one.
one.
one.
one.

— one.

Edmunds. — — — — —

one.

Walker, Rev. St. George. Elveden Rectory, Thetford — one.

Wilkinson, Rev. J. Frome. Kilvington Rectory, Orston, Nottingham one.
Williams, Rev. A. Lukyn. Ampton Rectory, Bury St. Edmunds, one.
Wilson, Mrs. Maitland. Langham Hall, Bury St. Edmunds. one.

Wyles, Rev. Walter. Seven Hills Parsonage, Bury St. Edmunds, one.

*An asterisk before a name denotes a prepaid Subscription.

CONTENTS

I.— INTRODUCTION.

I. — NATUKAL FEATURES. ix.

II. — GEOLOGY. xv..

III. — CLIMATE. xxv.

IV. — EAINFALL. XXVK

V. — DISTRIBUTION OF PLANTS. xxx..

II.— THE FLORA. 1.

I. — PLAN OF THE FLORA.... ... ... ... 3.

II. — BOOKS, Mss., AND HERBARIA CONSULTED. ... 5.

III. — AUTHORITIES FOR PLANTS. ... ... ... 12.

IV. — PHANEROGAMIA. ... ... ... ... 21,

DlCOTYLEDONES. ,/-. . ... ... ... 21,

MONOCOTYLEDONES. ... ... ... ... 825.

V. — CRYPTOGAMIA. . . . ... ... ... ... 415*

VI. — PAL^ONTOLOGICAL BOTANY 430»

VII. — TABULAR VIEW OF THE SPECIES OF

SUFFOLK AND ADJOINING COUNTIES. ... 436..

VIII. — THE FLORAE OF EAST ANGLIA AND HOLLAND

COMPARED. ... ... ... ... ... 470»

IX. — THE PROGRESS OF BOTANY IN SUFFOLK. ... 472.

X. — ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS... ... ... 493*

XI.— INDEX. 495.

INTRODUCTION.

I.— NATURAL FEATURES OP SUFFOLK.

TJFFOLK is one of the Eastern Counties, and was formerly the
Southern County of those comprised in the ancient Kingdom of
East Anglia. It is the most Easterly County in England, its
coast line extending a few miles further East than either of the
neighbouring Counties.

Geographically it lies between the parallels 51 deg. 57 min. and
52 deg. 35 min. N. Lat., and between 24 min. and 1 deg. 45 min. E.
Long., and contains an area of about 1500 square miles, or 944,000 acres,
having the shape of an irregular trapezium ; the coast line being about
50 miles in length, the greatest breadth from East to West about 56
miles, and from North to South about 32 miles. It is bounded on the
North by the County of Norfolk — the two Counties being separated by
the Kiver Waveney and Breydon Water in the Eastern half, and by the
Eiver Little Ouse in the Western. To the West lies Cambridgeshire,
separated in the Northern half by the Eiver Lark, being without a
natural boundary further South. Essex lies along the whole Southern
boundary, divided from it by the Eiver Stour through nearly the whole
of its extent. The whole of the Eastern boundary is washed by the
German Ocean, and is cut up by numerous narrow and deep Estuaries,
which almost treble the County's seaboard.

The County is well drained, most of the rivers flowing in an
Easterly direction ; but the Lark and Little Ouse, which drain the
Western aud North-western Divisions, have a North-westerly course*
ultimately reaching the sea at the Wash. The watersheds of the
Northern portion of the County are two — one possessing a North-
westerly and the other a North-easterly trend ; but in the South the
watershed has a South-easterly direction. The chief rivers are — the
Stour, which rites in the South-western part of the County, and flow-
ing along the Southern boundary, becomes a tidal estuary at Catawade,

and, joining that of the Orwell, reaches the sea at Harwich. It receives
the Boxford River, the Brett, and other small streams. The Gipping
rises near Wetherden, and flows by Stowmarket, Needham Market
•and Bramford to Ipswich, where it enters the tidal estuary of the Orwell.
The Deben rises N. of Debenham and flows S.E. to Woodbridge, where
it becomes a tidal estuary, and receives a few miles further South the
Fynn, which rises N. of Witnesham and enters the sea at Bawdsey,
liaving a bar at its mouth. The Butley rises S.E. of Rendlesham, and
flows into the estuary of the Ore. The Ore rises near Saxted, and flows
Eastward to Aldeburgh, where it is turned suddenly S. by a band of
shingle, and reaches the sea at Hollesley Bay 10 miles below. It re-
ceives the Aide, which rises near Dennington, and several small streams.
The Hundred River rises near Knoddishall, and flows E. into the sea N.
of Aldeburgh. The Minsmere rises S.W. of Ubbeston, and enters the
;sea N. of Sizewell. The Blythe rises near Laxfield, and flows E. into
the sea at Southwold. The Waveney, forming a part of the Northern
boundary, rises near Redgrave at Lopham Ford, and flows Eastward to
Burgh Castle, where it enters Breydon Water. The Little Ouse rises
near the source of the Waveney, and flows Westward, forming the
Western part of the Northern boundary. At Euston it receives the
•waters of the Upper Ouse, which rises near Woolpit, and flows N.
through Ixworth ; at Thetford it is joined by the Tbet flowing from the
N.E. The Lark rises on the table-lands of Lawshall, flows through
Bury St. Edmunds and Mildenhall, near which place it becomes the
County boundary for a short distance.

All the Suffolk rivers have slow currents and are shallow streams,
with here and there deep holes : but the natural drainage is much
hindered by the formation of dams, the waters being banked up for
mills and factories. Large pieces of brackish water called Broads are
found in the N.E. part of the County, as Breydon Water, Lake Lothing
-and Thorpe Mere. Breydon Water is a magnificent tidal lake of 1200
acres, 5 miles long, § miles broad ; the deep water channel of the
Waveney passing through it is comparatively narrow. The Yafe also
flows into this water, which, before entering the sea, narrows near
Yarmouth to a small tidal estuary. Lake Lothing is now a tidal lake
2 miles long, separated from Oulton Broad by a lock. As late as June,
1831, both these pieces of water were connected with the Sea at Lowes-
toft. Oulton Broad also communicates by a narrowed portion with the

XI.

Waveney and now consists of fresh water, and occupies 110 acres ; it is
surrounded by marshes.

Thorpe Mere occupies an area of 1000 acres, and is divided into
two parts by a wall of earth. The fresh water lakes and broads are
^few and of small extent, and are nearly all in East Suffolk. At Fritton
is a well- wooded lake of over 500 acres, but Barnby, Easton, Benacre,
Covehithe and Dunwich Broads are all small. Bosmere is about 8 acres
in extent, and Rushmere, near the Deben, is of small area. At Hol-
brooke and Tattlngstone are ornamental lakes of a few acres each in
extent. The lakes of West Suffolk have most of them been artificially
enlarged. The largest is Ampton and Livermere, 2 miles long, 75 acres
in extent and there is one at Redgrave of 46 acres. Small pieces of
water occur at Culford, Fornham and Drinkstone. Barton Mere, near
Pakenham, extends over 12 acres ; Broadmere and Coruard Mere are
very small.

Suffolk is very flat : no rocks occur and the hills are few and incon-
siderable. A somewhat hilly district, known as Westleton Walks,
extends inland from the Dunwich Cliffs towards Theberton and
Middleton. The hills are irregular in form with winding valleys, and
are clothed with ling, brake and furze. A range of low hills and
grassy denes extends from Lowestoft towards Yarmouth, while the
hills of Pakefield and Kessingland trend Southward to Sole Bay and
Easton Broad. The highest ground in the County is in the neighbour-
hood of Lawshall ; the flattest in the neighbourhood of the Lark and
Little Ouse and between Beccles and Oulton Broad.

On the coast is much sand and shingle ; especially atOrford Beach,
the acreage of which is probably larger than anything else of the kind
on the East Coast. There are mud flats and salt marshes, especially
near Aldeburgh.

The Coast is remarkable for the extent of its tidal estuaries and its
bays, havens and creeks ; but there are no cliffs of any great height ;
at Felixstowe and Bawdsey the cliffs are of Red Crag resting on clay,
but those at Dunwich are of more recent beds.

The character of the surface is much varied and consists of un-
dulating fields and flat plains, the fields are sometimes very large and

Xll.

surrounded by hedges, which were formerly higher than now. The
soils also vary from a stiff clay loam to fine sand, and may be classified
as : —
" Heavy Lands. Stiff loam, yellow clay ; blue clayey loam.

Mixed Lands. Common mixed soil, rich deep mould, fen lands,,
rich marshes.

Light Lands. Eastern and north-western sand, and poor chalk of
West Suffolk." (White's Suffolk.)

Along the banks of the rivers and in the different fens and marshes,
are rich strips of alluvial deposit.

More than two-thirds of the County would come under the term
heavy lands, and the area occupied would be roughly bounded on the
North by the Waveney from Hopton (West) to Beccles, on the East by a
line passing from Beccles, Halesworth, Hoo, Grundisburgh, Needham
Market, Hadleigh to Melford ; on the South by the County boundary as
far East as Melford ; and on the West by a line running from Hopton,
(West) to Haughley via Ixworth, from which point it turns West to
the borders of Cambridgeshire.

The mixed lands are found, one portion East of the heavy lands,
between the Orwell and the Stour, and again further North between
Halesworth, Beccles, Southwold, and Yarmouth ; the other tract lying
West of .the heavy lands and extending from Hopton (Westward) to
Euston and Newmarket.

The sandy or light lands are in the extreme East and North-west
of the County. The Eastern portion extends from the Deben to South-
wold, bounded on the West by a line from Woodbridge to Saxmundham.
The North-west portion intervenes between the fens and the mixed
soils, and is known as the Breck district, being situated between Thet-
ford and Mildenhall. There are various heaths and barren tracts of
rough ground, principally used for sheep-walks and rabbit-warrens.
A more or less broken belt of heath and furze extends near the coast
from Lovvestoft to the Orwell, where Calluna, Erica, tetralix, and cinerea^
grow in more or less abundance. Occasionally it is intersected by
arable or marshy land, or runs down to the coast. In many places,
however, it is separated from the coast by marshes protected from the
sea by embankments, locally called sea-walls, except where low sand-
hills form a natural protection, as at Minsmere Sluice to Sizewell.

Xlll.

Other small heaths are found at Gorleston, Belton and Hopton, between
Yarmouth and Lowestof t. The large tract of loose sand lying upon the
chalk in the N.W. part of the County, known as the Breck district, is a
peculiar feature, and its extent may be fairly estimated by the un-
shaded portion of the map published by Morris in connection with his
Gazeteer. Large tracts of it have never probably been cultivated ;
such portions as were broken up by the plough were called Brecks — •
hence the name of the district. Fir plantations have been introduced,
and more land is being cultivated, not only rye as formerly, but barley
and even wheat are now grown. Hedges are few and far between, and
consist at times of fir, and there is very little water. Originally the
district was much more open than at present.

From the fact of the presence of marine plants, insects and birds in
this district, it has been surmised by some that an arm of the sea came
up from the South Suffolk Coast to Thetford ; Prof. Newton and the
Eev. Dr. Hind think that an arm of the Wash reached Thetford from the
West; the Wash itself extending as far as Lakenheath, Wangford and
Brandon in the line of the Little Ouse, and at Mildenhall, Icklingham
and Lackf ord in the course of the Lark. I do not see how the sea could
have come from the East. It has been suggested that the marine plants
found near Thetford, are attracted by the salts contained in the drift
sands from the decomposition of the felspar, and that the insects are
attracted by the plants and form in their turn a reason for the presence
of seabirds ; I cannot accept this theory in toto, ingenious though it be,
for we do not find in inland districts, however rich in felspathic rocks,
indications of marine flora or fauna, unless there are also indications of
comparatively recent proximity to some sea ; and the chemical composi-
tion of the felspars differs considerably from that of sea water ; the
absence of chlorine and bromine in the rocks being conspicuous.
Perhaps the insects and birds are attracted by the plants, but I think
the plants must be considered as the lineal descendants of those which
once, when a salt or brackish arm of the sea extended up to the neigh-
bourhood of Thetford, flourished on its shores. Various similar examples
may be found in this country ; at Claverton Down, Somersetshire, still
flourishes the Hairy Spurge; other specimens of which are to be
found no nearer than the valley of the Loire ; and on Steep Holme, a
rocky islet in the Bristol Channel, is found the wild pceony whose
habitat is now in the Pyrenees, a relic of the great ice age.

XIV.

The woods and plantations in the County are entirely of modern
growth, and although it may be said to be well-wooded, the timber is
generally scattered about and is steadily diminishing in quantity. The
largest woods are at Fakenham, the locality of Bloomfield's Fakenham
Ghost, and at Staverton, and these are of great age ; as are also woods
near Needham Market and at Sudbourne.

Marshy land exists in no great quantity and much fen has quite
disappeared. The valley of the Aide, however, is generally marshy,
and there are some very extensive tracts, called the Lantern Marshes.
Marsh lands extend also up the valleys near the coast, and along
some of the rivers, and between Scole and Beccles is another tract of
marsh but no fen land.

The fens once occupied a considerable area near Mildenhall, but
they appear to have been drained early in this century, the peat remain-
ing in a dry form ; but there still remain patches at Tuddenham and
other parishes on the banks of the Lark, at Redgrave, Hopton, Hinder-
clay, Coney Weston and Aldeburgh. Some years ago, there was a large
district of quaking fen at Worlingham, North Cove and Barnby. which
has been drained and converted into valuable pasture.

The principal heaths are near the sea -coast, situated in part upon
the Red-crag area, none of them very large ; but there is a succession
of them nearly parallel to the coast, extending from Belton to within
a few miles of Ipswich, and a few small ones are to be found in the
North-western division. The commons have been mostly enclosed, but
a few parishes, amongst which are Mellis and Wortham, have consider-
able portions still open.

XV.

II— AN OUTLINE OF THE GEOLOGY OF SUFFOLK.

fN the brief outline of the Geology of the County which follows.I have
not attempted to discuss the different theories which have been
brought forward to account for the various changes which produced the
different beds ; neither have I entered at length in.o the lists of fossils
found in them, but have sought within the narrowest limits to give as
many details as would be necessary, in a work devoted to another sub-
ject, to give the reader a general idea of the stratification of the beds
which compose the surface of the County.

The Geological strata met with in the County of Suffolk belong to
the Secondary and Tertiary groups ; the former being represented by
its upper member — the chalk ; and the latter by many of its consti-
tuent members, some of which are almost peculiar to this County —
I aUude to the crag deposits, which are so strongly developed in it, and
indeed only continue for a short distance into the neighbouring counties
of Norfolk and Essex. In a tabular form the strata of Suffolk are in
Geological succession : —

SECONDARY-

LOWER CHALK.
UPPER CHALK.

I _

<r

UJ

EOCENE

MIOCENE

PLIOCENE

PLEISTOCENE :

Thanet Sands.
Reading Beds.
Oldhaven Beds.
^ London Clay.

Remains of Boxstone Deposit
at the base of the Crags.

: Coralline Crag.
Upper Crag.

Norfolk Forest Beds.

{Lower Boulder Clay.
Middle Drift Sands.
Upper Boulder Clay.

C Valley & Plateau Gravels
Post Glacial 1 Alluvium
(.Peat

XVI.

The chalk extends all over the County, but is overlaid in some
parts by the glacial deposits, and towards the S. and E. by the upper
tertiary strata ; but in the N. and W. it lies immediately below the
subsoil, and disappears again below the fens, so that it forms a basin
by dipping W. and S., in which lie the upper deposits, till at Harwich
a well, which has been sunk to the chalk, passes through 1000 feet of
tertiaries before the chalk is reached. This sinking, so close to the
border of the County, will give a good idea of the thickness of superin-
cumbent deposits in the South of the County.

The Lower Chalk crops up at West Kow Ferry, near Mildenhall,
and in a quarry at that place a good section is exposed, shewing a red
band of 3ft. 5in. in thickness, and other well marked chalky strata con-
taining fossils typical of this horizon Holaster sub-globosus, Holaster
trecensis, Belemnitella plena and various species of Brachiopoda ; layers
of flint are conspicuously absent, a characteristic feature of the lower
chalk series.

The Upper Chalk crops up at Claydon and Bramford, near Ipswich,
and various exposures may be seen along the banks of the Gipping,
Little Ouse and Lark. In the neighbourhood of Bury St. Edmunds
are several chalk pits, from which I have obtained typical fossils, and
stratified layers of flints are seen in almost every section. The most
common fossils to be obtained from the chalk are various species of
Echinodermata, Belemnites, Terebratulae and other Brachiopoda,
Inocerami, Ostrese, Sponges, Corals, Fish remains, and of course the
microscopic Foraminifera, whose cases make up so much of the chalk
itself.

Along the Eailway cutting, near Higham and Kennett, the outcrop
of chalk is seen to have been much disturbed, the beds being ground up
and shattered by glacial action for several feet in depth. From the
chalk is derived the best part of the drinking water for the County,
wells being sunk to various depths to obtain a good and permanent
supply. The chalk itself is worked and burned for lime, which is used
in various ways and as a dressing for the land.

In the S. and S.W., the chalk is immediately overlaid by the Eocene
beds ; at Sudbury, by the Thanet sands, which beds are also to be seen
in the valleys of the Brett and Gipping. Above the Thanet sands are

XV11.

the Reading beds, so-called from the locality where they are best
developed — a clay deposit, with intercalated beds of sand and pebbles
outcropping in brick pits at East Cornard, East Bergholt, and Brent
Eleigh, along the valleys of the Stour and Brett, and in the neighbour-
hood of Ipswich at the Stoke, Trinity, and other brick-pits, and in a
chalk-pit one mile N. of Bramford Station.

At Ipswich, in the bed of the river, are to be seen blocks of Grey-
wether sandstone (Sarsen stones), which belong to a bed of fine light
sand with pebbles, which constitutes the upper member of the Lower
London Tertiaries, or the Oldhaven beds.

The London Clay, overlying the above, is best seen between- the
rivers Stour and Orwell i but it extends as far North as Orford, where
it is 170 feet thick, and the valley of the Fynn. It is to be seen
in various coast sections exposed at the base of the Red Crag, as at
Bawdsey. It is a bluish mud of marine origin, rich in iron, containing
in Suffolk few fossils except quantities of fish teeth and fossil wood,
impregnated with sulphide of iron. At the base is a sandy bed with
here and there a layer of flint pebbles. The mineral characters
are peculiar. Scattered through the clay, but more distinctly bed-
ded lower down, are concretionary nodules of argillaceo-calcareous
material, often veined with crystalline carbonate or sulphate of lime,
called septaria, occasionally containing impressions of fossils, which
were quarried for the manufacture of cement. Crystals of Selenite
(Calcic Sulphate) also occur — the qongealed water of the quarry-
men. At Kypon Quay, near Woodbridge, in 1839, was exposed a
section of the lower beds, in which were found the teeth of Lamna,
and bones of Didelphys Colchesteri, H yracotherium cuniculum, and
Cheiroptera and other animal remains. Near Ipswich have been ob-
tained the fossil fruit of some palms, and quantities of fossil wood, the
latter being very abundant on the sea-coast from Felixstowe to Bawd-
sey. These, if properly prepared, will often shew cellular structure
when examined under the microscope ; and in some specimens, obtained
from the shores of the Deben, I have been able to make out very plainly
the bordered pits so charcteristic of the Coniferse. In some places the
wood is converted into calcite by a deposition of carbonate of lime, and
these under similar conditions will shew the perfect structure of the
plant when magnified.

xvin.

Ettinghausen and Gardner (Paleontograph, Soc. Pub.) state that the
plants found fossil in this formation are represented by the fruit seeds
and leaves of Sequoia, Picris, Callitris, Salisburia, Musa, Nipa, Sabal,
Chamasrops, Quercus, Liquidambar, Petrophiloides, Laurus, Nyssa,
Diospyros, Symploco*, Magnolia, Victoria, Hightea, Sapindus, Cupania,
Eugenia, Eucalyptus and Amygdalus, but most of these have been ob-
tained from other parts of the deposit, and probably but few have been
actually found in Suffolk. All the organic remains in this deposit give
evidence of a warm and even tropical climate during the time that it
was being deposited.

In many places a most interesting deposit is found immediately
above the London clay, between it and the Coralline and Eed Crags,
known as the Boxstone deposit, a name originally given by the quarry-
men to certain stones, which, when broken, revealed a cavity, and in
about 5 per cent, a fossil. This deposit varies in places, and contains
foreign boulders of quartz, Archaean and Palasozoic rocks, brownish water
worn sandstone (the boxstones) phosphatic nodules, rolled bones, and
flints. At Foxhall, and in the various coprolite pits in the neighbour-
hood, can be seen good examples of this formation ; but in a few places
the brown boxstones are found as slabs, not worn down and broken up
into pieces, still enclosing fossils and hollow spaces. Many of the
stones of this bed are encrusted with fossil barnacles (cirripedes), proof
of their previous existence upon a sea bottom. Near Antwerp is found
a deposit, the Diestien beds, which is older than the English crags and
yet more recent than the London clay, with fossils similar to those
contained in the boxstones, and on these grounds it is assumed that
the deposit once continuous with the Diestien series, is the remnant,
which has escaped the destructive agencies of water, and probably ice
action; the presence of foreign erratics pointing to a glacial epoch. The
frequency with which the minerals and fossils of the London clay
occur in the boxstone deposit, often included with phosphatic deposit,
points to the enormous amount of denudation of the older beds, which
took place before the newer strata were laid down. Mixed with the
erratic blocks are the bones of various extinct Mammals, the remains
being in some places so abundant as to merit the term " bone bed,"
specimens of the teeth of many land animals as the pig, rhinoceros,
mastodon, tapir, deer, horse, bear, and bones of whales, which probably
nourished during the miocene epoch, together with shark's teeth, and

XIX.

other fossils derived from the London clay. The presence of remains
of terrestial animals furnishes evidence of the close proximity of dry
land : and there are authorities who consider that this deposit itself
represents an old dry land surface. It may be briefly noted that among-
the erratics found in the deposit are some of a nature unknown in the
British Isles, which must therefore have been brought from a more-
distant land.

Next in strati graphical order occur the interesting crag deposits^
the older of which is the Coralline, and is found lying on the boxstone
deposit ; but where it is absent the Red Crag is then contiguous to that
stratum. For a full account of these beds the reader may be referred
to the papers of Prof. Prestwich, Ray, Lancaster, of Messrs. S. V. Wood,
sen., and jun., the Memoirs of the Geological Survey, and many others.

The White, Coralline or Bryozoan Crag, is peculiar to the County
of Suffolk, and is composed of a mass of calcareous sands mixed with
shelly debris but very rich in perfect specimens and many polyzoa
It may be divided into three beds, the lowest, about 40ft. thick, consists
of shelly sands ; the middle of false-bedded stone, composed of broken
shells and polyzoa, in some places hard enough to be used for building
stone, about 30f t.,the third,or uppermost bed,which is not always present,
has the appearance of being composed of the debris of the lower
beds. The whole depth of this deposit may be put down as varying from
40 to 60ft. After deposition, the land began to rise, and the Coralline
crag was raised above the sea and broken up into islands and reefs by
denudation.

The deposit originally was doubtless continuous from Tattingstone
in the S.E., to Aldeburgh in the N., but now consists of a main body
outcropping in the valley of the Aide at Orford, Ged grave, Sudbourne,
and Aldeburgh, with outliers at Sutton, Ramsholt, and Tattingstone.
316 species of fossil mollusca, of which 84 per cent, belong to living
species, 140 species of Polyzoa, and 16 species of Echinodermata are found
together with some crustacean, fish and mammalian remains. It is con-
sidered, from the fauna, that these beds were deposited in from 30 to 40
fathoms of water under a somewhat warmer climate than that which,
we now enjoy.

XX.

Under the term Upper Crag, will be described all the beds which
intervene between the Coralline crag and the glacial deposits, which
have been sub-divided into Red crag, Fluviomarine crag, and Chilles-
iord beds, there being no evidence of distinct succession, though the
latter beds are distinctly more recent than part of the former ; but there
:are reasons for supposing that the whole of these beds were deposited
upon, or near, some shore in a comparatively short period of time,
during which the sea was getting gradually more shallow. Certain it is
that the fossils found in the upper beds denote a climate gradually
becoming colder, and that the water was becoming brackish, and that
:an estuarine condition obtained ; and perhaps locally the terms might
be of use in denoting altering conditions ; yet, if retained, they would
seem to point out that these beds followed each other in distinct up-
ward succession, and were not contemporaneous in any degree.

The Upper crag is found- lying immediately above the Coralline;
"but where the latter is absent, it rests upon the London clay. It occu-
pies a much more extensive area than the older crag, extending into
Essex as far as Walton on the Naze Eastward ; outliers are found at
Sudbury, resting upon the Thanet sands ; and deposits which are doubt-
fully referred to this formation, are found near Bardwell, Stanton. and
in the Gipping valley Northwards —and this is the portion which has
been named the Fluviomarine crag. The deposit extends nearly up to
the City of Norwich ; this portion shewing from its fossils that it was
deposited under a colder climate, and in shallower water (estuarine),
than the portion further South.

The crag consists of beds of ferruginous sand and shelly debris,
•containing in places vast quantities of perfect shells, inclined at various
angles. The whole series is between 30 and 40 feet in thickness.
Where the crag is far below the surface, it is found to be of a blue colour,
containing the iron as a protosalt ; but most commonly it is red, due to
the oxidation of that metal. In places no traces of shells are to be
found, these having been removed by decalcification ; elsewhere, casts
' are common, due to the deposit of iron oxide around them previous to
decalcification. The beds are highly fossiliferous — 92 per cent, of the
fossil mollusca belonging to still living species ; and several species of
corals, cirripedee, echinodermata and polyzoa, a good percentage of
"which belong to still living forms, are also to be obtained, together

XXI.

with piscine and mammalian remains. The mammalian remains being-
most frequent in that portion where the estuarine condition obtains.
Good cliff exposures are to be seen at Bawdsey and Felixstowe ; and
inland sections are to be seen at Foxhall, Eamsholt, Waldringfield,
Sutton, Bexley, and many other places along the banks of and between
the rivers Deben and Orwell, where pits are sunk to obtain the phos-
phatic nodules. Between Thorpe and Sizewell, and at Aldeburgh
Thorpe pit, are exposures of the littoral and estuarine deposits.

At Chillesford the crag beds are remarkable for the presence of
characteristic Arctic forms of molluscan life. Here the. crag is overlaid
by a bed of loam passing gradually down into the crag below the
Chillesford clay. This is the latest member of the upper crag, indica-
ting a gradual subsidence of the land, and a deepening of the shallow
sea of the upper crag proper. It is to be seen at various places in the
neighbourhood, and in it was found almost complete the skeleton of a
whale. This bed has its South limit with that of the crag at Walton on
the Naze, but has been removed by denudation as far as Butley, and has
not been found W. of Wantisden and Halesworth. During the crag
period the climate was gradually becoming colder, with at first a-
gradual rise of the land ; but towards the end the land began to subside
once more.

This is the proper place to mention the so-called forest bed ; which
is to be seen at Cromer, and extends as far South as Kessingland, South-
wold and Dunwich, underlying the glacial drifts. Various remains of
trees, bones and teeth of extinct mammals have been gathered from
these localities. A submerged forest is also to be found beneath the
Orwell, which has yielded similar fossils, among the botanical finds are
cones of Scotch and spruce fir, leaves of the white water lily, yellow
pond lily, hornwort, blackthorn, bogbean, oak and hazel.

The glacial or drift beds may be divided into three series, Lower,
Middle and Upper.

During the period which succeeded the already cooling climate of
the crag deposits, cold became by degrees more intense, and the con-
ditions common to Arctic regions obtained. Here and there are to be
found local deposits of clay, which contain remains of typical Arctic
plants— Salix polaris, Betula nana and Hypnum turgesceus, which have

XXII.

probably only travelled a short distance, and point to the proximity of
-an Arctic Flora. But before describing the drift itself, mention must
be made of a bed which lies unconformably on the crags, and which is
overlaid by the drift— the Westleton Beds, a deposit of gravel so-called
from the locality where it is best developed. They may be also seen in
the Valley of the Bure and at Easton Bavent. In the lower part of the
beds is found that characteristic Northern fossil species — Tellina balthica.

From the evidence of scratches on rocks, and the presence of
-erratics, the whole of Northern Europe must have been in part covered
by an extensive ice sheet, continuous with huge glaciers coming down
from the mountains, and filling up the North and Irish Seas.

The several beds of drift point to as many separate glaciations
interrupted by intervening periods of warmer climate, during which the
ice sheet receded. The Lowest glacial bed of the Eastern Counties
is known as the contorted drift, so well seen at Cromer, and which ex-
hibits stratification with strange twistings in the beds. This bed is
supposed to have been deposited at the bottom of a sea and to be the
remains of a moraine terminating below its waters. The contortions
have been caused by the grounding here and there of huge icebergs or
of coast ice driven aground. The boulders in this drift are mostly chalk
and flint, but fragments of Carboniferous and Oolite rocks with pieces
of basalt, granite, quartzite, &c., are common. In places fragmentary-
marine shells are to be obtained. In Suffolk this bed consists of a
yellowish brown brick earth, with occasional beds of sand and gravel.

Above the contorted, or lower drift beds, are beds of sand and
gravel (middle drift sands), which correspond to a warm inter-glacial
period. These beds occur here and there, more frequently in the
Eastern part of the County, and are of great interest at Brandon, at
which place Mr. Skertchley has found them to contain flint implements.
These beds usually unfossiliferous yielded at Hopton Cliff,near Gorleston,
shells of a Southern type, and similar specimens are stated to have
been found near Halesworth and Newmarket.

The Great Chalky Boulder Clay, which represents the second great
period of glaciation, is well developed in our County, both as regards
the area of its extent and the thickness of the deposit, reaching near
Bury St. Edmunds 100 feet in depth. It is composed of a dirty grey
•clay, full of pieces of chalk, with frequent boulders of Lias and Oolite

XX111.

rocks, and fragments of basalt, quartz, granite and other igneous rocks..
There is nowhere any approach to stratification, except in a few places
at the extreme base of the deposit, which also has here and there irre-
gular beds intercalated of gravel and brick earth. This deposit appears
to be the moraine profonde of a great ice sheet, which covered the whole
country as in Greenland, and which has left its debris in the place over
which it once extended. The period, during which this deposit was laid
down, was the most extreme of the Glacial Epoch, and it was followed
by successive changes of warm interglacial periods and two other periods
of glaciation ; but at neither of these times did land ice extend as far
South as Suffolk, and it has therefore left no trace in this County. The
Great Chalky Boulder Clay is well -developed in both divisions of the-
County, and good sections are to be seen at Haughley and Thurston,
and in the neighbourhood of Bury at Honington and Ixworth Thorpe.
Economically it is used as a dressing for light lands, and, mixed with
straw, is made into blocks, which baked in the sun, are used for roughi
building purposes.

The Post glacial beds consist of beds of plateau and river gravels.
It will be noticed, on studying the drift sections further North, that the-
beds of interglacial or warmer epochs are chiefly gravel, derived from
boulders and stones contained in the clays. They were probably formed
in the following manner : When warm weather began, ice would melt,
rapidly, all the stieams would be filled, and great floods would occur
every year and overwhelm the country, washing out the stony consti-
tuents of the moraine deposit, and relaying them as beds of gravel.
Intermorainic lakes would form, whose barriers suddenly giving way,.
would cause destructive floods. These beds are developed near Bran-
don, Santon Downham, Mildenhall, and the valley of the Lark, and are
of great interest as containing relics of Palaeolithic man.

The stones comprising these beds are not rounded like water-worn
pebbles, but are angular, though somewhat blunted, so little have they
been rolled that I have obtained several very beautiful flint casts of
echinoderms and other fossils. In a few localities only is there evidence.-
of regular stratification.

XXIV.

Mr. Skertchley describes the beds as having the following order :

1. Brandon Beis. Interglacial, with Paleolithic Implements.

2. Great Chalky Boulder Clay.

3. Flood Gravels.

4. Palaeolithic Gravel of Ancient Valleys.

5. „ ,, Modern Valleys.

To his work on the Fenland I must refer those, who desire further
information ; it is only fair to say that his views about the age of the
Brandon beds are not universally accepted. At Hoxne, many years ago,
large quantities of flint implements were discovered in a bed of gravel
•of glacial age. Some of the gravels are fossiliferous ; for example, near
Lowestoft, on the North shore of Lake Lothing, is a gravel bed, whence
I obtained several much rolled fragments of mammalian bones ; near
Stutton-on-Stour is a bed of post-glacial brick earth containing fresh
water shells of species still living in England, together with some now
only found in Asiatic and African waters, with mammalian remains.

The Fen beds proper, consist of beach and floor gravels which
shew good stratification and vary from 2 to 30f fc. in thickness ; they
are unfossiliferous. Above these beds is found the Peat, which is, of
•course, entirely of vegetable origin ; and is not now in process of forma-
tion to any great extent ; it contains remains of several successive buried
iorests. This large amount of peat points to a much colder and moister
climate than now obtains, such conditions being necessary for its growth.
In the Isle of Ely beds of shell marl are found in connection with the
peat and, elsewhere nearer the Wash, the peat is overlaid by a large
area of Silt.

The remains of neolithic man are to be found in abundance in
the neighbourhood of Brandon and Mildenhall; Grime's graves, near

Brandon, is probably a locality which was worked for flints by them,
"wherewith to manufacture their weapons. More recent remains, Celtic,

British and Roman, are to be found in various localities.

WHEELTON HIND.

XXV.

Ill— CLIMATE.

II 11 HE vegetation of a country is necessarily dependent on its climate.
The climate in like manner depends on its geographical position ;
that is to say, on its latitude and longitude ; on its nearness to or
distance from the sea ; on its natural elevation above the sea-
level ; on the prevailing winds ; on the average rainfall ; and on the
variation of the temperature in the seasons of the year. There are,
however, circumstances connected with the cultivation of a country,
such as the presence or absence of woods, the drainage of its fens and
marshes — which influence the rainfall the evaporation, and even the
amount of sunshine. It is not necessary to enter upon a special con-
sideration of each of the above-mentioned elements of climate in
reference to Suffolk. Its temperature is affected by its nearness to the
sea, which would lower it in summer and raise it in winter ; also by its
slight elevation above the sea level, and likely by its small rainfall.
The natural conditions are such as would tend to give a moderately
equable temperature. The highest ground in the County is in the parish
of Lawshall, and its elevation 349 feet. Very little of the surface rises
above 200 feet. As a consequence trie rivers are very sluggish, with an
average fall of about two feet in a mile, and the drainage of the soil is
necessarily slow. The mean temperature of the year is 48.4 Fahrenheit.
The extreme variation from year to year since 1859 is 5.9 : the warmest
year was 1884, 50.7 ; and the coldest 1887, 44.8.

Mr. P. Grieve, of Bury St. Edmunds, in his article in the ' West
Suffolk Advertiser ' on the Meteorology of the year 1887, gives the
following table of Temperature for the preceding 29 years, as observed
by him at or near Bury. We gratefully acknowledge our indebtedness
to him for this and the table of Rainfall, inserted further on. The
heat of 1888 has been taken from Mr. Grieve's Meteorogical Notes for
1888.

XXVI.

' TABLE No. 1 shows the highest and lowest temperature with
the dates on which they occurred, together with the meanor average
'temperatures of each of the last 29 years.

Year.

Max. temp,
in degrees Fahr.

Min. temp,
in degrees Fahr.

Mean

temp.

1859

8°9

July 8.

0

5

December 18.

50°2

1860

76

July 15.

3

December 24.

47-0

1861

85

August 12.

0

January 7.

49.3

1862

80

May 6f

21

January 18.

49.9

1863

85

July 7.

22

March 30.

49.4

1864

85

July 23.

9

January 6.

47.8

1865

90

June 23.

12

February 14.

48.0

1866'

88

July 13.

16

February 28

48.4

1867

87

August 14.

0

January 1.

48.4

1868

93

July 22.

23

Jan. 2, Nov. 6.

50.1

1869

87

June 7.

15

December 28.

49.0

1870

85

June 16.

1

December 24.

47.7

1871

86

August 12.

8

December 8.

47.7

1872

86

July 25.

23

March 20.

49.7

1873

86

July 23.

20

Dec. 11, 12.

47.8

1874

89

July 20.

6

December 31.

47.7

1875

84

August 16.

16

December 3.

48.7

1876

87

August 14.

20

February 11

49.4

1877

82

June 29, July 31.

21

February 28.

48.4

1878

87

June 26, July 16

10

December 13.

48.6

1879

79

July 30.

01

December 6.

45.7

1880

84

May 26.

14

January 27.

48.0

1881

88

July 5.

1

January 21, 25.

47.4

1882

77

August 6.

16

December 11.

48.5

1883

87

June 29.

15

March 9.

48.6

1884

91

August 11.

24

March 21.

50.7

. 1885

88

July 25.

12

December 11.

46.9

1886

87

July 6.

16

December 31.

48.35

1887

90

July 3, and 13.

07

January 1.

44.8

1888

87

June 26.

03

February 1.

IV— RAINFALL.

THE RAINFALL. — As the Western winds, which bring with them
the greater part of our British Rainfall, have to pass over the elevated
land in the West of Britain before they reach our Eastern Counties,
they do not so copiously discharge their refreshing showers on East
Anglia as on other parts of our Island. That the rainfall of Suffolk
should be comparatively small is, therefore, nothing strange. Observa-
tions have been made for a period of years in several stations of Suffolk
of the annual rainfall. Of these we have taken one for West and
another for East Suffolk, which, when compared, show a close similarity,
with trifling local differences. The Table for West Suffolk is from
Mr. Grieve's Article referred to above. It shows that during the 30
years last past, rain has fallen near Bury on the average of 156 days in

XXV11.

year; also that the average yearly fall has been 25.31 inches. The
smallest rainfall during the period was in 1864, when there were only
89 days on which rain fell, and the total fall for the year was 16.44
inches. The largest number of wet days was 208 in 1877, with 27.58
inches of rain. The greatest rainfall in any year was in 1872, amount-
to 34.64 inches for 200 wet days.

TABLE No. 2 shows the rainfall of each month during the
last 30 years, the rainfall of each year, and the number of days in each
year on which rain or snow fell. It also shows that the greatest amount
of rain fell during the year 1872, being 34.64 inches, and fell during
200 days, while the smallest annual fall was that of 1864, which was
16.44 inches, and fell on 89 days. This table also shows that the greatest
amount of rain has fallen during the months of October, while the
months of April show the smallest rainfalls.

Yrs.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

Jun.

.-ruly

Aug.

Sep.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1'otaL
for
year.

Wet

days

1859

0.68

1.04

1.30

2.49

3.32

3.40

3.37 1.72

2.29

3.34

1.56

2.66

27.17

124

1860

2.32 1.23

2.93

0.93

3.93

4.69 1.81

5.40

1.67

1.59

2.38

3.26

32.14

188

1861

0.79 2.51

1.77

0.77

1.00

2.62' 2.64

0.52

l.lti

1.03

3.47

1.23

19.51

134

1862

2.10 0.41

2.40

1.41

2.44

3.25 2.20

2.27

1.41

2.62

1.33

1.94

23.78

165

1863

2.36 0.52

0.83

0.72

0.99

2.69

0.76

1.91

2.99

2.67

2.75

1.20

20.39

111

1864

0.83

1.36

3.09

0.38

2.66

1.04 0.49

0.59

1.37

1.16

2.84

0.63

16.44

89

1865

2.77

2.46

2.16

0.28

1.96

1.20 4.01

3.94

0-04

7.22

1.59

0.6828.31

128

1866

2.48 3.59

1.30

1.85

1.66 3.42 2.25

3.39

3.01

0.54! 2.66

2.5828.73

154

1867

2.73 1.82

1.47

3.17

2.65

0.73 4.49

1.49

2.63

2.48

0.95

2.6627.27

153

1868

2.69 1.65 2.05

1.68

0.56

1.12 0.22

1.98

1.74

2.62

137

4.0421.72

131

1869

2.08 2.49 1.87

1.23

3.23

1.71

0.46

2.25

3.58

2.78

2.48

4.8429.00

151

1870

0.89 0.78

1.87' 0.78

0.36

0.98 2.00

1.77

1.58

3.03

0.89

4.0lll8.94

134

1871

1.08 2.07

1.471 3.70

1.63

3.30 2.93

jO.29

4.40

1.40

1.52

0.99'24.78

141

1872

2.83

0.90

2.50 1.86

2.53 2.0l|6.21

'2.49

2.35

3.12

4.01

3 83 34.64

200

1873

1.91

1.88

1.66

1.31

2.07

2.50 2.23

2.19

2.72

3.57

2.00

0.6924.73

149

1874

1.24

0.75

1.07

0.69| 0.49

1.64' 0.76

1.18

3.14

2.08

2 62

2.17

17.83

135

1875

2.34

1.21 0.42

1.05 2.15

2.83

5.29

0.88

2.67 3.24

5.26

1.8429.18152

1876

1.80

2.59

2.10

2.27

0.70

2.75 1.39

1.71

4.45 0.84

2.59

3.9727.16180

1877

2.95

3.05

2.62

2.29

1.54

1.53 3.11

2.76

1.40

1.34

2.77

2.2227.58208

1878
1879

1.81
1.57

1.23
3.23

1.10
0.84

1.23

2.68

4.73 1.07
2.86 4.06

0.69
5.09

4.28
4.12

1.40
3.71

1.92
1.11

5.16
1.47

1.3125.931172
0.5231.26187

1880

0.16

1.661 0.98

2.37

0.43

2.52

4.59

1.27

4.52

4.45

205

2.92 27.92 164

1881

0.93

2.83

1.48

1.61

1.09

1.50

2.68

4.82

3.18

2.69

1.98

3.36 28.15 184

1882

1.63

1.56

1.93

3.55

1.67J 2.71

1.88

2.21

2.44

5.31

2.70

2.4931.08202

1883

2.00

3.35

1.86

1.34

1.18

2.08

4.05

1.47

4.24

2.83

3.24

2.4030.041187

1884

1.73

0.45

0.99

0.74

0.85 0.83

2.45

1.18

2.30

2.17

1.48

2.24

17.41

133

1885

2.39

2.24

1.09

1.23

3.71

5.83

0.63

1.44

4.40

4.84

2.89

0.98 26.67

163

1886

2.43

0.24

1.58

1.15

2.63

0.56

2.80

1.26

1.00

2.82

2.57

3.3322.37

153

1887

1.75

0.60

1.90

1.26

1.95

0.19

1.04

1.51

2.02

2.09

2.26

1.22

17.79

141

1888

0.89

1.44

3.20

1.02

0.77

2.25

3.16 2.28 1.10

0.90 3.38

1,05

21.44

166

Total 54.16

51.14

51-831 47.04 57.74

6201

75.68 64.57 74.91

77.80' 74.?2 68.26

xx vm.

For the Rainfall of East Suffolk, we are indebted to the compiler
of the following Table, which has been obligingly supplied for this
work : —

RAINFALL as measured at Bishop's Hill, Ipswich, by G. A. BID-
DELL, M. Inst. C.E. Diameter of gauge, 5", 1 foot from ground,
fairly exposed 104 feet above sea level.

Year

Y'rly

as

Jan

.Feb

Mar

Apr

May Jun.

Julj

Aug Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec.

Rain-

unde

fall.

ills

IBS
** * ?

2.12

1.4

1.47

t*

1.66

2.0-J

2.05

2.40

2.49

2.25

2.82

2.23

1.76

24.76

1872

3.78

0.58

3.53

1.64

i
3.10 2.94

4.25

2.18

1.94

4.28

4.30

3.16

35.68

1873

2.00

1.44

152

0.80

1.67, 2.01

1.63

1.10 2.27, 2.09

1.60

0.44

18.57

1874
1875

0.94
1.83

0.84
0.96

0.55
0.51

1.31
1.14

0.80 1.10
3.38 2.80

0.59
4.42

0.69
0.74

2.69
2.44

1.57
3.51

2.22
4.65

1.6714.97
1.2927.67

1876

1.11

2.38

2.75

1.611 0.92 1.68

0.83

1.22 3.57

3.15

3.50

3.8724.59

1877

3.51

1.83

2.64

1.96, 1.73

0.69 3.35' 2.70 0.88

1.43

3.80

2.29 26.81

1878

1.68

1.16

1.27

1.48

4.14

0.63 0.12

2.32

1.15

1.49

4.58

1.1121.13

1879

2.07

3.19

1.05

2.46

2.01

3.69 4.25

3.41

3.84

0.67

1.77

0.6029.01

1880

0.14

1.59

0.81

1.31

0.64

2.47i 3.57

1.40 2.70

3.97

250

2,30.23.40

1881

1.20

2.53

1.81

1.10

0.82

2.06 1.56

3.69 2.24

3.05

1.64

3.3025.00

1882

1.25

1.29

1.31

3.25

1.83

2.44 2.63

1.91

2.87

4.55

2.82

3.33

29.48

1883

1.85

2.54

1.08

0.91

1.74

2.22'2.79

0.65

2.68

2.21

2.99

1.59

23.25

1884

1.69

0.85

1.35

1.12

0.48

0.95

1.94

1.02

3.97

2.23

0.93

2.05

18.58

1885
1886

1.79

2.58

2.19
0.24

1.20
1.40

1.49
1.28

2.83

2.38

1.10 1.21
0.511 2.85

0.91
121

508
0.99

4.45
3.29

2.72

2.81

1.00
4.11

25.97
23.65

1887

1.50

0.51

1.50

1.33

1.76

0.44'

1.47

1.25

2.28

2.78

3.40

1.24

19.46

Aver-
age

1.81

1.51

1.52

1.51

1.89

1.731

i.34

1.65

2.60

2.67

2.89

2.08

24.20

G. A. BIDDELL,

February 29th, 1888.

XXIX.

Comparing the Bury and Ipswich Tables for a term of 16 years,
from 1872-87, we find that the rainfall at Ipswich in 1872, the wettest
year of the period, was 1.04 inches in excess of that of Bury ; that in
1874 the fall at Ipswich was only 14.97 inches, whereas at Bury it was
nearly 3 inches more ; where in two other years the total rainfall was
less than 18 inches, while at Ipswich it was from 1 to 2 inches more.
The average fall for the sixteen years at Ipswich is 24.20 inches, and at
Bury 26.23 inches ; thus West Suffolk receives on an average about two
inches more rain than East Suffolk.

In the Rev. F. W. Galpin's Flowering Plants of Harleston, published
in 1888, there is a record of the rainfall at Weybread in the North of
Suffolk, from the observations of the Rev. J. H. White, Vicar of Wey-
bread, taken at a point 152 feet above the sea-level. From this it appears
that the average fall for the last 10 years has been 24.27 inches in that
locality. Taking a period of ten years last past for the three localities,
we ha~ve the following result : —

{Bury 25.86 inches.

Ipswich 23.89
Weybread 24.27 »

The yearly rainfall in Suffolk may fairly be taken at 24.67 inches,
or nearly the same as that of Greenwich, 24.76 inches. This, as appears
from Mr. Biddell's Table of the Mean Monthly Rainfall, will give a
monthly supply of 202 tons or 45,000 gallons to the acre, or just over
one gallon to the square foot. The yearly supply is 2,500 tons per acre,
rather more than 10 cwt. per square yard, or nearly 13 gallons per
square foot. The raising of this immense volume of water, and the
precipitating it on the earth, for its fertilization and the supply of the
natural and economical wants of his creatures, gives us a view of the
vastness of God's working in providence, and of His infinite beneficence
in supplying the wants of His dependent creatures through the never-
ceasing operation of His Divine power in earth.

XXX.

V— DISTRIBUTION OF SPECIES IN SUFFOLK.

fTRODUCTORY to the detailed enumeration of the plants of Suf-.
folk, the following remarks, chiefly gathered from the notes of
Dr. Babington, are offered. As the County contains no very
marked natural divisions, it has been necessary to fall back on
purely arbitrary districts. These have been found ready to hand, in
the five nearly equal portions into which the County has been divided'
for political purposes. Something, if not much, may be said of the main
botanical features of these parts. The North. East and South-East, take
in the whole of the sea-coast, which is very rich in maritime plants. The
North also contains the principal broads and lakes. The North-West
includes the Breck district, which largely consists of a light driving
sand, lying open and used as rabbit warrens. It has a marked Flora,
and furnishes a large proportion of the rarer plants of the County,
among them various maritime plants, though at a distance from the
coast. The South for the most part has a stiff clay soil, and its surface
is more sharply undulating than in the other districts. As the Geology
of the County is more fully treated in a separate paper, it is sufficient
to mention that the County rests on a bed of chalk, occasionally near,
and in other cases very much below, the surface ; that the natural
drainage is provided by three considerable boundary rivers and various
other rivers, most of which have an Easterly fall, and that there are
large tracts of marsh and fen, of which a considerable portion has been
drained.

The plants, which more especially belong to East Anglia, will be
found in a paper in which these are compared with those of Holland.

Having regard to the distribution of plants in Suffolk, — this is
largely dependent on the nature of the soil, though in not a few cases
plants seem to be indifferent to its influence, and flourish on nearly all
soils alike. The effect of soil, or more truly, of soil washed by or im-
pregnated with sea-water, is plainly seen on the coast, where the Flora
is markedly distinct. Some of the more remarkable sea-side plants in
Suffolk are, — Brassica oleracea ; Lepidum ruderale (usually on chalky
soil) ; L. latifolium (salt marshes) ; Frarikenia Icevis ; Sagina maritima ;
Althcea officinalis (salt marshes) ; Lavatera arborea (sea cliffs) ; Geranium

XXXI.

purpureum (sea sand or shingle), Tamarix anglica ; Ulex nanus d Gallii^
(not necessarily maritime plants) ; Trifolium maritimum, (salt marshes) ;
T. glomeratum & suffocatum, the former of which is also an inland plant ;,
Falcatula ornithopodioides ; Vicia lutea ; Lathyrus maritimus, (shingle) ;,
Sedum anglicum, (not wholly maritime) ; Tillcea muscosa, (frequently
inland) ; Bnpleurum tenuissimum ; Foeniculum vulgare, (occasionally
inland) ; Statice Limonium & bahusicnsis, (salt marshes) ; Obionepedun-
culata d portulacoides, (salt marshes) ; Rumex maritimus ; Euphorbia
Paralias ; Urtica pilulifera, (formerly common in N.E., now nearly
extinct) ; Hippopliae rhamnoides ; Corynephorus canescens, (sandy com-
mons near the sea) ; Poa bulbosa, (on sand denes) ; Festuca uniglumis ;
Sclerochloa loliacea, maritima, Borreri d procumbens. Psamma arenaria
and Elymus arenarius, (on drifting sands) ; Lepturus filiformis.

The Breck district in the N.W. division, though distant from the
coast, has a partially maritime Flora, the undoubted remnant of its
former connection with the sea by the Wash. The following plants occur :
Sayina ciliata] Vicia lutea ; Tillcea muscosa ; Erythrcea littoralis] Rumex
maritimus ; Carex arenaria ; Phleum arenarium and Corynephorus
canescens.

The Breck district includes several tracts of chalky soil, causing a
more varied Flora ; arid there are other portions of the N.W. district
which partake of the characteristics of both soils, the land being light
with a considerable admixture of chalk, varying more or less in the
different localities. The following list includes the rarer plants of the
drier soils of the N.W. division : TJialictrum minus ; Anemone Pulsatilla ;
Papaver hybridum ; Fumaria densiflora ; F.parviflora; F.Vaillantii\
Teesdalia nudicaulis ; Dianthus deltoides ; Silene Otites ; S. conica ;
Cerastium arvense ; Alsine tenuifolia ; Scleranthus perennis ; Genista
pilosa ; Medicago silvestris ; M. falcata ; M. minima ; Astragalus
Hypoglottis ; Hippocrepis comosa ; Potentilla verna ; (the last five are
chalk plants) ; Herniaria glabra ; Tillcea muscosa ; Asperula cynanchica,
(on chalk) ; Artemisia campestris ; Hypochceris maculata, (on chalk) ;
Gentiana campestris, (on chalk) ; Veronica spicata, (on chalk) ; V. verna ;
V. triphyllos ; Calamintha Nepeta ; (7. Acinos ; Thesium humifusum j
Orchis ustulata ; Muscari racemosum : Carex ericetorum ; Phleum Bwh-
men ; Apera interrupta ; Festuca ambigua ; Lycopodium clavatum ;
Botrychium Lunaria.

"xxxii.

Other chalk plants are found in several parts of the County. Of
-these the most important are : Clematis Vitalba, (frequently on mixed
••soil) ; Reseda lutea ; Sison Amomum, (also on other soils) ; Centranthus
ruber; Scabiosa Columbaria; Campanula glomerata; Chlora perfoliata ;
•Orchis pyramidalis; Aceras anthropophora ; Ophrys aranifera; Tulipa
silvestris ; Ceterach qfficinarum.

A considerable area is occupied by the fens and marshes cf Suffolk.
The fens, with the exception of those on the Upper Waveney, are con-
fined to the Northern portion of West Suffolk, and are contiguous to
the Little Ouse, the Upper Ouse, and the Lark. In the parishes of
Lackford, Mildenhall, and Lakenheath, they have been efficiently
drained. The principal marshes are in East Suffolk, and near to the
Lower Waveney, the Aide, and the Deben. To a great extent these
also have been drained. There are also various lakes and broads in the
County, the former principally in the North-West, and the latter
chiefly in the North division. There is consequently a large number of
•aquatic and bog plants, of which the following are the most interesting :
Ranunculus Lingua ; Nymphcea alba ; Niiphar lutea ; Droser a intermedia \
D. Anglica ; Viola palustris ; Hypericum elodes ; Lathy rus palustris ;
Sanguisorba qfficinalis ; Comarum palustre ; Myriophyllum altermforum^
(lakes and pools) ; Ly thrum Hyssopifolia, (where water has stagnated) ;
Cicutavirosa; Siumlati folium; Peucedanum palustre, (fens and marshes);
Senecio paludosus, (extinct) ; S. palustris, (likely extinct) ; Sonchus
palustris, (wet marshes) ; Menyanthes trifoliata, (fens) ; Utricularia,
vulgaris, minor, <#c., (fen pools and marsh ditches) ; Hottonia palustris •
Myrica Gale ; Stratiotes aloides, (marsh ditches) ; Hydrocharis Morsus-
ranee ; Malaxis paludosa, (fens) ; Sturmia Lceselii, (fens) ; Actinocarpus
Damasonium, (pools, extinct) ; Sparganium minimum, (streams) ; Acorus
Calamus, (river banks) ; various Potamogetones, Scirpi, Carices and
marsh grasses ; Lastrea Thelypteris, cristata and uliginosa, (shady bogs) ;
Lycopodium inundatum^ (shallow pools) ; Pilularia globulifera.

Several plants in the County have their habitats on old walls and
buildings, such as : Cheiranthus Cheiri ; Diplotaxis tenuifolia ; Cardamine
impatient ; Dianthus plumarius and Caryophyllus ; Holosteum umbellatum;
Sedum album, dasyphyllum and reflexum ; Sempervivum tectorum ; Galium
anglicum ; Centranthus ruber ; Hieracium murorum, (occasionally) ;
Antirrhinum majus ; Linaria Cymbalaria ; Parietaria diffusa ; Asplenium
Euta-muraria.

xxxm.

Several plants are only indirectly connected with the character of
the soil, being parasitic on other plants. They are, notwithstanding,
more or less, dependent on the peculiarity of the soil, as the plants on
which they establish themselves are necessarily affected by it. The
principal flowering parasites of Suffolk are Viscum album ; and various
species of Cuscuta and Orobanche.

A large portion of our County Flora is comprised in the plants of
the heavy and mixed soils, either as laid down in grass or cultivated.
•On these the effect of man's hand is specially manifest ; and the species
occurring are in part aboriginal, and in part introduced, either inten-
tionally or accidentally. Some heterogeneous examples are here given :
Myosurus minimus ; Aquilegia vulgaris ; Delphinium Ajacis ; Arabis
perfoliata ; Silene noctiflora ; Malva moschatu ; Geranium pyrenaicum
androtundifolium-, Linum perenne; Radiola millegrana, (in damp spots) ;
Medicago maculatu ; Trifolium ochroleucum ; Lathyrus Aphaca and
Nissolia ; Chrysosplenium alternifolium and oppositifolium, (on shady
banks of streams) ; Bupleurumrotundifolium ; Anthemis arvensis ; Senecio
jqualidus ; Centaurea Calcitrapa and solstitialis ; Crepis taraxacifolia ;
Pyrola rotundifolia ; Verbascum Lychnitis and virgatum ; Antirrhinum
Orontium ; Mentha silvestris ; Primula elatior ; Centunculus minimus ;
Polygonum Bistorta ; Fritillaria Meleagris ; Gagea lutea ; Colchicum
autumnale ; Equisetum maximum.

Certain plants require not alone a.^pecial soil for their full develop-
ment ; they also seek the shelter of a wood. Thus our woodlands, be-
side the taller growth of Quercus, Fagus, Castanea, Carpinus, Betula
and their undergrowth, Euonymus, Rhamnus, Crattegus, Cornus, Acer,
Primus and Corylus have a flowery carpeting of herbaceous plants :
such as Anemone nemorosa; Ranunculus auricomus; Viola silvatica;
Hypericum perforatum and hirsutum ; Oxalis Acetosella ; Lathyrus sil-
vestris ; Fragaria vesca ; Geum urbanum and rivale ; Circcea lutetiana ;
Sanicula europcea ; Gnaphalium silvaticum ; Hieracium vulgatum and
umbellatum ; Vinca minor ; Myosotis silvatica ; Melampyrum cristatum
and pratense; Veronica Chamccdrys and montana; Stachys Betonlca;
Teucrium Scorodonia; Primula vulgaris ; Lysimachia nemorum; Mercurialis
perennis ; Orchis mascula ; Habenaria chlorantlia ; Listera ovata ; Neottia
Nidus-avis ; Epipactis latifolia ; Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus ; Convallaria
majalis ; Ruscus aculeatus ; Endymion nutans ; Luzula Forsteri and pilosa ;

XXXIV.

Arum maculatum ; Carex pallescens and silvatica ; Milium effusum ; Cala-
magrostis epigeios ; Melica uniflora ; Lastrea Filix was, dilatata and

Various waifs and strays occur. In some cases their origin can be
easily traced, as in several exotic plants at Nayland and Stoke, which,
without doubt, are traceable to foreign seeds brought in with wheat
from abroad for Nayland Mill. In other places, strange plants have
evidently been introduced with foreign seed sown in the fields. Other
plants frequently occur, where we can have no satisfactory account to
give of their appearance. A gradual change is taking place in the Flora
of the County. Several plants of the early part of this century are
now no longer to be found, and others are becoming rarer every day.
To meet this, there is a constant succession of foreign plants becoming
naturalized, and almost undistinguishable from the aboriginal vegeta-
tion of the County. The Anacharis Alsinastrum, unknown in England
fifty years ago, is as fully established as a British plant as if it could
claim a descent of thousands of years. Veronica Buxbaumii is now to
be found in all the corn-fields of the country ; yet many of us can look
back to the time when its claims to notice were being advocated by
Borrer and others. There is a system of compensation in Providence,
which makes good our losses, supplying new occupants suited to the
changed condition of things, where others had been forced to retire
from the pressure of adverse surroundings.. The change, however, is
so slow, that there is no reason to fear that the distribution of plants in
Britain will be greatly modified in the course of succeeding centuries.

THE FLORA

3. G. FBNH,

(THE PRINTER OF THIS BOOK),
GLEBE STREET, STOKE-UPON-TRENT.

Estimates given for Printing and Binding
Scientific Books, Pamphlets, &c.

PLAN OF THE FLORA.

introductory to the Systematic Arrangement of the

Genera and Species comprised in the Flora of Suffolk,.

two lists are prefixed. The former gives an account of the
books, Herbaria, and other chief authorities consulted and
referred to in the Flora. The latter contains the names of
the principal persons who have furnished materials for com-
piling the work, or, who are referred to by preceding authors
as vouchers for various plants and localities.

The arrangement, followed in the classification of the-
Flowering Plants, Ferns, Fern Allies and Characeae of Suffolk,.
is that given in the 8th edition of Professor Babington's
Manual. Other authorities have been consulted and occa-
sionally followed, as in the Genus Rosa, where Mr. J. G.
Baker's latest views have been accepted, and in Characeaer
which is according to the arrangement of Messrs. Grove.

I. The Species are arranged in order under a general
heading of the Genus. Each Species preceded by the initial
of the Genus is placed in the first line, printed in heavy type,
in Latin, as given in the Manual. This is occasionally
followed by a Synonym from Hooker's Student's Flora,,
3rd Ed. ; the London Catalogue, 8th Ed., or other authority,
printed in Italics. An English name is, in most casesr
added, also in Italics.

II. The second line of the description gives the
pages in the Manual and Student's Flora, where a detailed
account of the species is given. This is usually followed by
a similar reference to the page in flenslow and Skepper's
Flora of Suffolk, and, where possible, to other local works
connected with the Botany of the County.

III. The third line contains a short description of
the plant, whether tree, shrub, or herb ; its duration, soil,
or other circumstances, and its usual time of flowering.

IV. Following the numbers 1 — 5, which represent
the five districts into which Suffolk has been divided to ex-

"hibit the distribution of the individual species in the County,
•are given the localities in which the plants have severally
been found, with a reference to the authorities, who vouch
for the occurrence of the plants in the places named. Where
•one or more plants are set down without an authority follow-
ing-. Dr. Hind is to be regarded as responsible for their
^authenticity. Plants separated by a semicolon (;) belong
to the same authority. A dash after a colon (: — ) shows
a change of authority. The divisions are those appointed
under the Act of 1885 for the representation of the
•County in Parliament. Divisions 1 and 2, together agree
nearly with Mr. H. C. Watson's West Suffolk, and 3, 4,
•and 5, with his East Suffolk. No. 1 is the N.W. division;
No. 2 is the S. division (Sudbury). No. 3 is the N.E. divi-
•sion (Lowestoft) ; No. 4 the East division (Eye); No. 5
the S.E. division (Woodbridge), for which we have substi-
tuted Ipswich, as being the more central and important
place. Also division 1, we have connected with Bury, as a
more fitting centre than Stowmarket. The localities for
the very common species are not recorded. In cases to which
peculiar interest is attached, as in doubtful or possibly
•extinct plants, the occurrence of abnormal forms or unusual
varieties, special reference is made to the fact, or such ex-
planations are given, as maybe necessary for the information
•of the reader.

V. As far as has been possible, the earliest notice of
the occurrence of each species in Suffolk has been noted.
In some cases, more or less doubt may attach to the date
given. Great care, however, has been taken to ascertain
the correct year.

SIGNS AND ABBREVIATIONS.

[ ] Square brackets indicate plants, which have
been found at one time or other in the County, but have
never been naturalized in it.

* An asterisk marks a species probably introduced,
but which has become naturalized.

t A dagger marks a species, which, though ap-
parently native, has possibly been introduced

J Marks a species doubtfully though probably in-
troduced.

BOOKS, MSS., AND OTHER AUTHORITIES CONSULTED
OR QUOTED IN THE FLORA.

E.G.— The Botanist's Guide through England and Wales,
by Dawson Turner, F .R.S., F.A.S., and F.L.S., &c. ;
and ^Lewis Watson Dillwyn, F.R.S., F.L.S., 2 voll.,
London, 1805.

Bab. Man. — Manual of the British Botany, by Charles Cardale
Babington, M.A., F R.S.,F.L.S., &c., London, Ed. VII,
1874. Ed. VIII, 1881.

Baker, — Review of the British Roses by J. G. Baker, F.L.S.,
&c., in the Naturalist, first vol. 1864.

Britten. — Spontaneous Exotics, by James Britten. Now
Curator of the Botanical Department in South Ken-
sington Museum, in the Naturalist, 1st & 2nd voll.
1865.

Blake Herb. — See Hb. Slk.

Borrer Herb. — See Hb. Borrer in Hist. Yarm.

Bot. Gazette in Phyt. — Botanical Gazette.

Bot. Soc. Land. — Botanical Society of London.

Buddie Herb. — See Hb. Budd.

Buddie Mss. — See Mss. Budd.

Sullen. — Bulwark of Defence, by Rev. Dr. Bullen, including1
" A Book of Simples being a Herball, <tc., 1562."

Casborne Herb. — See Hb. Gas.

Comp. Cyb. Britt. — Compendium of Cybele Britannica, by
Hewitt Cottrell Watson, Thames Ditton, 3 voll.
1868-70, and Supplement, 1872.

Crabbe. — Appendix to Hist. Fram., being a Catalogue of
Plants by the Rev. George Crabbe, 1798 ; also Plants
in B.G. on his authority.

*Cullum, SirJ. — See Sir J. Cullum's History of Hawstead,
1784, and Ms. notes in Naturalist's Journal by the
Rev. Sir John Cullum, Bart, F.S. A., F.R.S., 1772-84.

Cullum, Sir T. G. — See Sir T. 0. Cullum. Florae Anglicse
Specimen, &c. ; also Plants in Gillingwater's History
of Bury, and in B. G. on the authority of Sir T. G.
Cullum, Bart, 1804-5.

Cyb. Br. — Cybele Britannica, or British Plants and their

Geographical Relations, by Hewitt Cottrell Watson,

4 voll. London, 1847-59.
Cyb. Br. Supp. — First part of a Supplement to the Cybele

Britannica, by Hewitt Cottrell Watson, London.

Printed for private distribution, 1860.

Davy Ms. — See Ms. Davy.

Dickson — Hortus Siccus Brittannicus, by James Dickson, .
F.L.S., Lond., 1793-1802.

Dill— Dillenius.

Dill. Bay. — Joannis Raii Synopsis Meth. Stirp. Brit. Editio.
tertia. (Edited by J J.Dillenius,M.D.), London, 1724.

Dill. Bay in Hort. Ox. — Ms. notes in a copy of DHL Bay, in
the Library of the Oxford Botanical Garden, attributed
to Mr. Pitchford, 1780.

Don. — A general History of the Dichlamydeous Plants, by
George Don, F.L.S., 4 voll. 4to, London, 1831-8.

Dunlap, Hb. — See Hb. Dun.

Eng. Bot. Syme. — English Botany, Ed. iii, by John T. Bos-
well Syme, London, 1863, &c.

Eng. JFY.— See Sir J. E. Smith.

Flora Anglicce Specimen, inchoatus 1774. Auctore Thoma
Gery Cullum, Baroneto.

FL Brit. — See Sir J. E. Smith.

Fl.Cam. — Flora of Cambridgeshire, by Charles Cardale
Babington, M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., &c., London, 1860.

FL Essex. — The Flora of Essex, by George Stacy Gibson,
F.L.S., London, 1862.

FL Germ. & Switz. — Taschenbuch der Deutschen und Sch-
weitzer Flora bearbeitet von D. Wilh. Dan. Jos. Koch,
Funfte Auflage. Leipzig, 1860.

FL Holland. — Zakflora beweert door, Dr. W. F. Suringar.
Zesde Druck. Leeuwarden, 1884.

-Fl. Norf.— Flora of Norfolk, by the Rev. Kirby Trimmer, B. A.
JP7. Su/.—See H. & 8.

Fulcher. — A list of the Wild Flowers of the neighbourhood
of Sudbury, in Fulcher's Sudbury Journal, 1838.

•Galp. — The Flowering- Plants, &c., of Harleston, by the
Rev. Francis William Galpin, M.A., F.L.S. London,

1888.

-Geld. Herd.— Hb. Geld.

-Ger. — The Herball or General History of Plants, gathered
by John Gerarde, Master of Chirurgerie, London, 1597.

Geog. Dist. Brit. Plants. — Geographical Distribution of British
Plants, by H. C. Watson, 1832.

'Ger. em. — Johnson's Gerarde, 1633.

•Gough's Camd. — Camden's Britannia, by Richard Gough.
London, 1789.

Haward. — See Hist. WTier.

Hayward. — The Botanist's Pocket-book, by W. R. Hayward,
London, 1878.

HE. Blk. — Herbarium, compiled by Lady Blake, about 1840-
50. Now in Ipswich Museum.

Hb. Borrer. — Herbarium, collected by W. Borrer. Now at
the Royal Gardens, Kew.

H.B.8. — Harleston Botanical Society, List of Plants.

HE. Budd. — Herbarium, compiled by the Rev. Adam Buddie,
about 1696 to 1714. Formerly in Sir Hans Sloane's
Museum ; now in the Botanical Department of South
Kensington Museum.

HI. Gas —Herbarium of British Plants, 25 voll. fol., by
Mrs. Casborne, late of Pakenham, 1819-50, Now in
possession of R. E. Lofft, Esq., Troston Hall.

HE. Dun. — Herbarium of British Plants, 4 voll. large 4to,
compiled by Mrs. Dunlap, of Bardwell Rectory,
1844-53.

Hb. FitzE. — Small Herbarium of Euston Plants, collected by
Lady Laura FitzRoy; now in possession of the
Honble. Canon Phipps.

8

H~b. F. — Herbarium of British Plants, compiled by the late
Mrs French, of Woolpit, now in possession of the
author.

HI. Geld. — Herbarium of British Plants, compiled by Her-
bert D. Geldart, Norwich.

HE. Glasspoole. — Herbarium, compiled by the late Herbert
G. Glasspoole, now forming- part of Hfi. Geld

HE. Gray. — Large Herbarium of British and European Plants
compiled by the Rev. J. D. Gray, Vicar of Nayland,
1878-88.

HZ.Jeffes. — Herbarium of British Plants, compiled by Miss

Jeffes, of Needham Market.
Hfi. Hens. — Herbarium in Ipswich Museum of Hitcham

Plants, compiled by the late Prof. Henslow ; also a

collection of Plants by the Hitcham School Children,
Hfi. Ly> — Herbarium of British Plants compiled by Miss

Lathbury, of Bury St. Edmunds, 1832-59.

HL Mg. — Small Collection of Suffolk and Essex Plants in
Ipswich Museum, by Miss Manning-.

HB. Not. — Herbarium, compiled by the late W. L. Notcutt, .
of Ipswich, now in possession of Charles Bailey,
F.L.S.

Hfi.PJc. — Small Herbarium of British Plants by C. W...

Peck, of Brockford.
HZ. EJc. — Herbarium of British Plants, by L. N. Rickards,

late of Stowlangtoft Rectory, about 1840-50. Now

in Cambridge University Herbarium.
IrLb. Salm. — Small Herbarium in Norwich Museum, by J. D.

Salmon, formerly of Thetford. 1835-7.

Hfi. Sk. — Herbarium compiled by the late Edmund Skepper,
of Bury St. Edmunds.

HI. Buff. — Herbarium of Suffolk Plants, specially compiled

to assist in preparing the Flora of Suffolk, 1876-88.

To be placed eventually in Ipswich Museum.

Reference to it indicated thus ||.
H5. Turn. — Small Herbarium of British Plants, by Miss

Turner, of Bradlield St. George.
Rl. Wils. — Herbarium of British Plants, in the Library of

9

Stowlangtoft Hall : attributed to the late Rev. W*
Steggall. 1.830-4.

H. & 8.— Flora of Suffolk, by the Rev. J. S. Henslow,
M.A., Prof. Rot.. Rector of Hitcham, and Edmund
Skepper, London & Bury St. Edmunds, 1860.

Hist. Bury. — History of Bury by Gillingwater : List of
Plants by Sir T. G. Cu'llum, Bart., 1804.

Hist. Fr am. — History of Framlinghanu begun by the late
Robert TTawes, Gentleman, Steward of the Manor of
Framlingham and Saxted, with considerable additions
and notes by Robert Loder. (See Cralbe.) Wood-
bridge, 1798.

Hist. Soutliwold.— History of Southwold, by K. Wake, 1839,
Yarmouth.

Hist. Wher. — History of Wherstead, by the Rev. P. Barham
Zincke. List of Plants by H. Ha ward, Esq., 1887.

Hist. Yarm. — Sketch of the Natural History of Yarmouth
and its Neighbourhood, by C. J. and James Paget.
Yarmouth and London, 1834.

Hooker. — The British Flora, by Sir William Jackson Hooker,.
K.H , LL.D., F.R.A., & L.S. Ed. V. London, 1842.

Hook. St. Fl. — The Student's Flora of the British Islands, by
Sir J. D. Hooker, K.C.S.L, C.B., &c. Ed. Ill, 1884,

How. — Phytologia Britannica, by William How, M.D.
London, 1G50.

Huds.— Flora Anglica, Gulielmi Hudson, F.R.S. Ed. III,.

1798.

I.S. Soc. — British Wild Flowers collected by the Botanical
Section of the Ipswich Scientific Society. Ms. 1887-

Ips. Fl. — Ipswich Flora, Loudon?s Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. 3..

Quoted from H. & 8.
Ips. Port/. — Ipswich Portfolio. Anonymous Collection of

Plants, incorporated with Hb. Blk.

J.ofB. — Journal of Botany, British & Foreign, by Berthold
Siemen, Ph.D., F.LS., succeeded by Hy. Trimen,.
M.B., F.L.S. Present Editor, James Britten, Esq.,,
F.L.S. 1863.

10

Jackson. — Ms. notes by R. Jackson, in a copy of J. Martyn's
Methodus Plantarum, in the Library uf Trin. Coll.,
Cambridge.

Johnson. — Ger. em. The Ilerball, &c., by John Gerarde, very
much enlarged and emended by Thomas Johnson,
Citizen and Apothecary of London, 1633.

Lindl. Si/n. — A Synopsis of the British Flora, by John Lindley,
Ph.D., F.R.S., &c. London, Ed. Ill, 1841.

Jjob. Ill — Lobel, Stirpium Illustrationes accurante Gul. How,
M.D., London, 1655.

Jjon. Cat. — The London Catalogue of British Plants, Ed.

. VIII, by F. J. Hanbury, 1886.

.Lowe. — A Natural History of British Grasses, by Edward
J. Lowe, London, 1858.

M. M. — The Gardener's and Botanist's Dictionary, by Philip
Miller, F.R.S. (1724). The whole corrected and
newly arranged by Thomas Martyn, B.D., F.R.S.,
Regius Professor of Botany in the University of
Cambridge. 2 voll., fol., London, 1797-1807.

Martyn. — Plantae Cantabrigienses Appendix, Catalogus, &c.,
London, 1763, by Thomas Martyn, B.D., &c.

Moor. — Ms. List of Plants of Great Bealings, &c., by the
late Rev. Edward James Moor, B.A.

Moore. — Octavo Nature printed British Ferns, by Thomas
Moore, London, 1859.

Ms. Davy. — Ms. List of Suffolk Plants, with three Appen-
dices, by David Elisha Davy ; probable date 1828.
Now in the Library of the British Museum.

Mss. Fl. Suff. — Mss. Lists referred to in the preface of Flora
of Suffolk, contributed by Rev. E. N. Bloomfield.

Ms. Notes. — Notes in Dr. Babington's copy of the Flora of
Suffolk of 1860.

,, ,, — Notes in Mrs. French's copy of the Flora of
Suffolk of 1860.

,, ,, — Notes in W. Jordan's copy of the Flora of Suffolk
of 1860.

Ms. Sk.—Sk. Ms.

11

N.B.G.— The New Botanist's Guide to the Localities of t he-
Rarer Plants of Britain, 2 voll., by H. C. Watson,.
1835-7.

Newman. — A History of British Ferns, by Edward Newman ,,
F.L.S., P.B.S., F.Z.S., &c. London, 1854.

Notes Br. Rubi. — Notes on British Rubi, by C. C. Babington,.,
M.A., F.R.S., &c., in /. of B., July and August, 1886.

Parkinson. — Theatrum Botanicum : The Theatre of Plants,.
&c., by John Parkinson, Apothecary of London, and.
the King's Herbalist. London, 1640.

Phyt. N.S.—The Phytologist : A Botanical Journal, New-
Series, Edited by Alexander Irvine, 6 voll. London,.
1855-63.

r/ii/t. O.S.— The Phytologist : A Botanical Journal, Old
Series, Edited by George Luxford, A.L.S., 5 volL
London, 1841-54.

JPulteney. — Progress of Botany in England.

Ray. — Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Britt. Auct Joanne
Raio. London, Ed. I, 1690 ; Ed. II, 1696 ; Ed. III,,
(by J. J. Dillenius, M.D.) 1724.

Iitii/nbird. — Natural Grasses of West Suffolk, by W. & H.
Raynbird, 1846.

lit'cord Club.

Salmon Hb. — Hb. Salm. ,r

Sir J. Cullum. — Outturn, Sir J.

Sir J. E. Smith. — Flora Britannica Auctore J. E. Smith,.
M. D., 3 voll., London, 1800-4 ; and the English Flora,

by Sir J. E. Smith, M.D., F.R.S., 4 voll., London,.

1824-8.

Sir 2\ G. Cullum. — Cullum, Sir T. G.

Sk. ms. — Ms. Notes in various Flora, &c., by the late Ed-
mund Skepper. Bury St. Edmunds.

The Fenland, Past and Present, by S. H. Miller, F.R.A.S.^
F.M.S., and J. B. Skertchly, F.G.S., &c. London,

1878.

Top. Bot. — Topographical Botany, by Hewitt Cottrell Wat-
son. 2 voll. 1873-4.

12

Transactions of the Norfolk and Norwich Natural History

Society. Var. years.
Turner. — William Turner's Herball. Part 1, London, 1551 ;

part 2, Cologne, 1562 ; part 3, Cologne, 1566. Reprint

of the whole, Cologne, 1568.

Turn. Hb.—Hb. Turn.

With. — -A Systematic Arrangement of British Plants, by

William Withering, M.D., F.R.S. 4 voll. Ed. 5.

Birmingham, 1812.

LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL PEKSONS WHO HAVE CONTRI-
BUTED LlSTS OK OTHER INFORMATION FOR THIS
FLORA, OR, WHO ARE QUOTED AS AUTHORITIES FOR
PLANTS OR SOCIETIES.

A. B. — Arthur Bennett, F.L.S., Correspondence, Lists,
Examination of Plants, and important help in various
ways.

Amyot, Thos. E., M.R.C.S., Diss. Authority for Plants.

Ashby, Mr. Authority in B.C..

Ashfield, C. J. Two papers on Suffolk Botany in Phyt. N.S*

Backhouse, J. Authority in Natural Hist. Yann.

Barker, H. R., Bury. Localities of Plants.

Bell, Miss, Plants N.B.G. and Top.Bot.

Bevan, Mrs. Plumpton Hall. Localities of Plants through
C.B.

Biddell, G. A. Mem. Inst. C.E., Ipswich. Table of Rain-
fall for Ipswich.

Biddell, Mrs. Play ford. Notice of Gagea lutea.
Bidwell, H., Ipswich. Notice of Lastrea cristata.

Bird, Dr., Wattisford. Notice of Sedum Fabaria and other
Plants.

Blackett, R., Bury. List of Plants in H. & 8.

13

Blake, Lady, late of Great Barton. Compiler of Hb. Elk. ;
also contributor to several other Hbb.

Boswell, Dr. ; J. T. Syme ; J. T. Boswell Syme, F.L.S., &c.
Bridf/man, Miss, Coney Weston Hall. Notice of Plants.
Bromjwld, Dr. W. Contributor of Plants to several Hbb.
Browning, Mrs. Notice of Plants per C.B.

Bryant, Rev. H. Authority for Plants in E.G. and Dill.
Ray in Hort. Ox.

Bullender, Miss, Sohain. List of Plants per Mrs. French.

Burrell, R., Westley Hall. Notice of Plants and Meteoro-
logical Observations.

Burroughs, Rev. Mr. Authority for Plants in B. G.

Candler, E., Harleston. An Authority for Sparganium

neglectum.

•Cam, Mrs., Little Welnetham. List of Plants in H. d- S., &c.

Cas. The late Mrs. Casborne, Pakenham. Compiler of Hb.
Cas., and contributor to other Hbb.

C.A.W. Rev. C. A. Williamson, Cockfield. List of Plants per
C.B.

C.B. The late Rev. Churchill Babington, D.D., F.L.S., &c.,
Rector of Cockfield, Hon. Fellow of St. John's Coll.,
Cambridge. Annotated Flora, Lists, Examination of
Herbaria and of the Old Herbalists ; Loan of Books,
Specimens, outlines of various Papers, &c.

•C.C.7J. Charles Cardale Babington, M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S.,
Prof, of Botany in the University of Cambridge.
Examination of critical Plants ; mention of Localities ;
kind assistance and counsel.

Clay, Dr. Authority for Plants in Hb. I?/i.
Clowes, G. Authority for Plants in Hb. Geld.
Clowes, E., Mrs., Needham Market. List of Plants.
Collins, T. C., Diss. List of Plants and rare Specimens.
ColvilletRev. Notice of a rare Plant.

•Cowell, Edward Byles, M.A., Fellow C.C. Coll., Cambridge,
and Prof, of Sanscrit. List of Plants.

14

Croker, Rev. Joseph Morrison, M.A., formerly Fellow of G.
& C. Coll., Cambridge, Rector of Lavenham. Notice
of Plants per C.B.

Cross, W. J., Ely. Specimens and lists of Plants.

Crowfoot, W.M., M.B., Beccles. List of Plants.

Cnllum, G. Milner Gibson, Esq., Hardwick Hall. Informa-
tion about Sir J. and Sir T. G. Cullum, and loan of Sir
John's Naturalist's Journal.

Dale, D. Authority for Plants in Raii Synopsis.

Dalton, Rev. J. Authority for Plants in 13. G.

Dowell. Authority for Plant in Hb. Salm.

Downton, Miss E. Authority for Plant.

Druce, G. C., Author of the Flora of Oxfordshire. Copy of
Ms. notes in Dill. Hay in Herb. Ox. Also notices of
Plants and Specimens.

Dnthie, Jas. Authority for Plants in J. of B.

Eagle, F. K. Authority for Plants in E.G. and various Hbb»

E.A.H. See Holmes.

E.F.L. See Linton.

E.X.B., Rev. Edwin Newson Bloomfield, M.A., Rector of
Guestling, Sussex ; formerly Sen. Fellow of Clara ,
Coll., Cambridge. Correspondence, Lists, Plants;
Critical Supervision of the Flora, &c.

En-ing, J. W. Authority in Hb. Geld.

F. The late Mrs. French of Woolpit : Gift of Herbarium,
Annotated Flora, Lists, &c.

E.C.S. Miss Stanford, Ashbocking. List of Plants.

F. Fox. Coddenham. List of Plants.

Fitt, G. Authority in Hb. Glasspoole.

F.K.E. See Eagle.

Forty., Rev. R. Authority for Plants in B.G.

Forster, E., jun. Authority for Plants in B.G.

Freeman, H., late of Saxmundham. Authority for a Plant. .

French, R. B. Authority mHb. F.

F.T. F. Townsend : Authority for Plants in Phyt. 0.8.

15

• Gage, Sir T. Bart. Authority for Plants in Hb. 8k.

Galpin, The Rev. Francis William, M.A., F.L.S., Curate of
St. Giles, London : Lists of Plants from records of the
late Rev. E. A. Holmes, and from H.B.8.

Gedt/e, Joseph, Bury. List of Plants in H. $ S.
Geldart, Herbert D., Norwich. Compiler of Hb. Geld. List
of Suffolk Plants in his collection.

• Gibson,. Mrs., Lound Rectory. Use of Portfolio of Suffolk

Plants sketched from nature.

Glasspoole, H. G., the late. Compiler of Hb. Glasspoole now
in Hb. Geld.

Goodenounh, Thfe late Rt. Rev.' Samuel, LL.D., F.R.S., Lord
Bishop of Carlisle. Authority for several Plants in
E.G., &c.

Gray, Rev. John Durbin, M.A. Vicar of Nayland. List of
Plants and notice of various discoveries, &c.

H.D.G. See GeWart.

Harries, Rev. T. S. J., B.A., Rector of Nedging. Notice of
Plants through C.B.

Harvey, The late Miss. Plants in various Hbb.
Hay, Wm. Authority in Hist. Southwold.

Hele, Nicholas Fenwick, M.R.C.S.,. Aldeburgh. List of
Plants and use of small Herbarium.

Hemsted, Rev. J. Authority for Plants in E.G.

Hickling, The Rev. Edmund Lovegrove, Frostenden. Notice
of Plants.

H.M.S. Miss Sheppard, Wolverstone. Lists ot Plants.

Holden, Miss, Kensington. Notice of Plants.

Hold&n, John Sinclair, M.D. List of Plants through C.B.

Holland, Rev. Wm.,B. A., Rector of Huntingfield. Rare
Specimens and lists of Plants.

Humphrey, Mr. Authority for Plants in Dill. Ray in Hort.

Ox. and in B.G.
Jacobson, W. Authority in B.G.

-James, Rev. Herbert, M.A., Rector of Livermere, formerly
Fellow of Christ's Coll., Cambridge. Notice of Plants.

16

Jermyn, Dr. Notice of Plants.

J.F.W. See Wilkinson.

J.H.G. Miss Grubbe. List of Plants through C.B.

J.S.H. See Holden, J.S.

J.S.S. The Eev. John Sykes Sawbridge, M.A., Rector of
Sawbridge. Notice of various Plants.

Kilner, The Rev. Henry Ingate, M.A., Rector of Saxham
Parva. Specimen.

King, Bolton. Notice of Plants in J. of B,, and through G. E.
Druce.

King, W. D. Notice of Plants in Phyt. O.S.

Kirby, Rev. William, late Rector of Barbara, the cele-
brated Entomologist, Authority for Plants in B.G.
and Hb. F.

K.T. See Trimmer.

Lathbury, Miss, Bury. Compiler of Hb. Lij.
Lathbury, Rev. P., late Rector of Bradfield Combust. .
Authority for Plants in B.C. and in Hb. Ly.

Imirents, Mr. Reference in Hist. Bury.

Lawsmi. Authority in tlaii Synopsis.

Leach, R. E., F.G.S., Beccles. Lists of Plants and various

Specimens.
Lcathes, Rev. G. R., late of Shropham Hall. Authority for

Plants in B.G., and in several Herbaria.

Lcchmere, Miss. Authority for Plants in Hb. F.
Linton, Rev. Edward Francis, M.A., Crymlyn, Bournemouth.
Several lists of Plants, and frequent correspondence.

Lonyc, Rev. John, Rector of Sternfield. Notices of Plants.

MacJde, F. Authority for Plants in Hb. Geld.

Marshall, Rev. Edward Shearburn, M.A., Witley. List of

Plants, &c.

Matthew. An authority for (Enanthe peucedani folia.
McAub. Mrs. McAubrey, Beccles. Use of original sketches.

of Wild Plants.
Mcrritt. Authority in B.G. for Archangelica officinalis.

17

Miller, H., jun., Ipswich. Lists of Plants and other
information .

M.L.H. Miss Hodgson, Wrentham. Specimens of Plants.

Moor, late Rev. E. J., B.A., Rector of Great Bealings.
Important list of Plants through C.B.

Morse, Mr. Authority for a Plant in E.G.

Newboultl, late Rev. W. W., M.A. Notices of Plants in
Plujt. and J. of B.

Newton, Mr. Authority for Plants in Dill. Ray.

Nonjatc, Frank, Bury. List of Plants.

Norman, late Mr. W., given as an authority by H. Miller, jun.

Notcutt, late W. L., Ipswich. Quoted from H. & S.

Palmer, H. D., M.R.C.S., Nayland. Authority for Plants.

Parker, the late Mrs., Clopton Hall. List of Plants, and use
of annotated Flora.

Peck, Charles W., Brockford. Specimens and list of Plants.
Pertz, Miss, Cambridge. Authority for Plants.

Pettiward, Lady, late of Great Finborough Hall. Notice of
Plants through C.B.

Pettiward, Miss, Great Finborough Hall. Notice of Plants
through C.B.

Phipps, Rev. & Hon. Aug. Fred.,-M.A., Hon. Canon of Ely.
Loan of Hb. FitzR.

Pldpps,\z,tQ Rev. E. J., M. A., Rector of Stansfield. Authority
for Plants.

Pitchford, Mr. List in DHL PMIJ in Hort. O.v., and Plants in

E.G.

Preston, Mrs. Notice of Plants.
PrcstwicJi, Prof. Notice of ancient Plants.
Priest, J. Authority in Hb. Geld.

Purclias, Rev. William Henry, Vicar of Astonfield. Use of

marked Catalogue.
Rasor, J., Woolpit. Lists and specimens of Plants.

d, Clement, F.G.S. Author of a paper on the Cromer

18

Forest bed, and of Notes on the ancient Plants of
Suffolk.

Relhan, Rev. R., F.R.S., &c., formerly Chaplain of Kind's
•Coll.. Cambridge, Author of Flora Cantabrigiensis.
Authority for Plants in B.G.

Richards, Rev. Samuel, late Rector of Stowlangtoft.
Authority for Plants.

Ridley, Prof. H.N. Notes on ancient Plants in Geological
Magazine.

Roberts, Rev. Henry, Naughton. List in H. d- S.

Rose, C., Tuddenham. Authority for Plants in Hb. Wik.

Rouse, Miss. Authority for a Plant through A.B.

Rys, H. An authority for Muscari racemosum.

Salter, J. W. Authority for Plants in Phyt. O.S.

Sare. Authority for a Plant in How's Phytologia Britannica.

Sewell, Rev. W. H., M.A., Vicar of Yaxley. Notices of
Plants, &c.

Sherard, J. and W. Authorities for Plants in Dill. Ray.

Sir C.J.F.B. The late Sir Charles James Fox Bunbury,
Bart. Five important lists of Plants and loan of
Hb.Rick., &c.

Smith, Sir J. E., Author of the Flora Britannica and the
English Flora.

Spalding, P., Colchester Museum. List of Plants through
C.B.

Spalding, T. M. Authority for a Plant.
Steggall, Miss. Authority for Plant in Hb. Wils.

Steggall, late Rev. William, M.A. Supposed compiler of
Hb. Wils.

Stock, D., Bungay. Authority for Plants in N.B.G. cC
Top. Bot.

Stone, Mr. Authority for Plants in B.G.

Suttaby, Mrs. Plants in Hb. Turn.

Sutton, Rev. C. Authority for Plants in B.G.

Symc, J. T. Dr. Boswell. Editor of English Botany

19

writer of a paper in Phyt. N.S. Authority for several
Plants.
Symonds, Mrs. Locality through C.B.

Tate, Rev. Wm. Roddam, Vicar of Walpole. Authority for
Plants.

Taylor, J. E., Ph.D., Ipswich Museum. Notice of Plants;
Guide to Suffolk.

T. B. The late Rev. Thos. Brown, B.A., Rector of Heming-
stone. List of Plants.

TearU, The late Rev. Fred., M.A., Vicar of Gazeley. List
of Plants through C.B.

Temple, Miss. Authority for Plants in B.G.
Terry, Mrs. Tostock. List of Plants through C.B.

T.H. Rev. Thos. Hedley, M.A., Rector of Grundisburgh,
late Fellow of Trin. Coll., Cambridge. List of Plants.

Tilney, Rev. H. Authority for Plants in B. G.
Tollers, Mrs. List of Plants through C.B.

Torlesse, The late Rev. C. M., M.A., Vicar of Stoke-bj -Nay-
land. An authority for Amaranthus Blitum.

Townsend, J. Lists of Plants in Phyt. 0. & N.S.
Trevelt/an, Sir W. C. Earliest authority for Carex ericetorum.
Trimen, Henry, M.B., F.L.S., one of the editors of the Flora
of Middlesex. List of Plants near Lowestoft in Phyt.

N.S.

Trimmer, The late Rev. Kirby, B.A., Norwich, editor of the
Flora of Norfolk. Lists.

Turner, Dawson, F.R.S., &c., one of the compilers of B.G.,

and authority for many Suffolk Plants.
Turner, F. Authority for various Plants in E.G.
Turner, James. Authority for various Plants in B.G.
Turner, Mrs. Authority for Plant in Hb. Wils.

T. W. G. T. W. Gissing, Wakefield. List of Plants in Phyt.

N.S.

Uhthoff, Miss. Authority for Plant in B.G.
Varcnnc, E. G. List of Plants in Phyt. O.S., and authority

in Top. But.

20

Wallis, W. Authority for Plant in X.B.G.
Ward, J. Authority for Plant in X.B.G.

Watson, H. C. Author of Cybele Britannica ; Geographical
Distribution of British Plants, &c. Compiler of
N.B.G., and of Top. Bot.

White, Dr., late of Lavenham. Authority for Plants in
H.<£-S.,audmHb.F.

Wifjg, Lilly, F.L.S. A chief contributor to B.G.

Wilkinson, Rev. John Frome, M.A., Rector of Kilvington.
Lists and Specimens.

Williams, Rev. Arthur Lukyn, M.A., Rector of Ampton.
Authority for Plants.

Willisel. Authority in Dill. Hay.

Wilson, Arthur Maitland, Esq., D.L., Stowlangtoft Hall.
Loan of Hb. Wils.

Wilson, Miss, Langham Hall. Authority for locality.
Winch. Authority in N.B.G.
Winter, W. Paper in Plnjt. N.S.

W. J. William Jordan, formerly of Cockfield. Dried Speci-
mens ; use of annotated Flora, &c.

W. L. N. See Xotcutt.

Wolsey, Geo. Authority in Plnjt. N.S. for Silcne catholica.

Wood, Dr. Authority for Plants, through C.B.

Woods, J., jun. Authority in B.G.

Woodward, Dr. S. P. Contributor to Appendix of X.B.G.

Woodward, T. J., late of Bungay. Large contributor to
With., M.M., Flora Britannica and B.G.

21

PHANEROGAMIA.

THALAMIFLOE^.

RANUNCULACE/C.
Clematis. Linn.

1. C. Vitalba, Linn. Traveller's Joy ; Old Han s Beard ?

White Vine ; Virgins Bower.

Bab. Man. 3. Hook. St. Fl. 2. H. and S. 1. Hist. Wher.

Hisr. Yar. Galp. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Climbing deciduous shrub ; in hedges and thickets, es-
pecially on a chalky soil : not infrequent in Suffolk.

June to August.

1. Bardwell || ; Brandon; Ixworth ; Risby; Stanton ;:
Thurston ; Wattisfield ; Onehouse ; Stowmarket and
Wetherden : — Bury, Hb.Sk. :— Pakenham, Kb. Blk. : — Stow-
langtoft, Hb. Ek. : — Walsham, H b. Dun. : — Barton, Sir
CJ F B. : — Woolpit, F. : — Nowton ; Hardwick and Ickworth,
Nor gate.

2. Acton ; Bildeston ; Chellesworth ; Long Melford ;.
Wiston; Nay land and Polstead; Stoke-by-Clare : — Cock field,
C. B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens : — Lit.Thurlow, Hb. F. : — Ker-
sey, E.F.L.— Chedburgh, Miss Bell.

3. Mettingham : — Bungay, Stock.

4. Wortham; Mellis ; Eye; Saxmundham ; Darsham ;
Westleton :— Gt, Glemham, E.N.B. :— Middleton, T.W.G. :
— Mendham; Wingfield, &c. Galp.

5. Shelley : — Bredfield ; Clopton ; Dallinghoo and Gt.
Bealings,Mbor : — Sproughton,MYss Bell : — Ashbocking,^. C.S :
— Needham Market, E. Clowes : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : —
Hemingstone, T.B. :— Martlesham, H.M.S. : — Wherstead,.
Haward.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

22

Thalictrum, Linn.

H. T. minus, Linn. Lesser Meadow Eue.

Bab. Man. 4. Hook. St. PJ. 2, 3. H. & 8.1. Hist. Bury.
'Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Perennial Herb : rare. a. On sandhills near the sea.
*. In chalky and stony pastures in the N.W. division.

June to August.

a. T. dunense, Dum. T. maritimum, Syme.

3. Gorton and Gorleston, W. Winter, Pliyt. N.S., Oct ,
1861. Great doubt is attached to this authority. Ed.

b. T. montanum, Wallr. T. flexuosum, Bernhardi.
1. Eriswell || and West Row: — Bury, tiir T. (T. Cullum,

andHbb.Blk.dSk.: — Hedge between Barton Mills and
Lakenheath, A.B. : — Among- furze on N.E. slope of Warren
Hill, Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Eisby Chalk-bank, W.J. :
— Newmarket, Dill. : — Kentford, Rev. F. Tcarle : — Higham,
H. d- 8. : — Exiling1 and Lakenheath, >S7t. ms. : — Brandon,
W. J. Cross.

5. Darmsderi Mill, near Needham Market, Hb. Jeffes.
Earliest notice 1724. Dillenius.

3. T. majUS, Sm. T. majus. Grants. Greater Meadow

Rue.

Bab. Man. 4. Hook. St. PI. 3.
Perennial herb ; sornewhat rare ; in copses, &3.

First recognised as a Suffolk Plant in 1879, by
Hr. W. Jordan of Cocktield. Earlier plants in Herbaria were
labelled T. minus. In 1858 a plant found by Sir C. J. F. Bun-
bury is thus described : ' A very luxuriant and less glaucous
variety (of supposed T. minus.) was found in a hedge on the
left-hand side of the road from Mildenhall to Holy well Row,
approaching T. majus, Sm.' July, August.

1. Between Cavenham and Tuddenham, W.J. : — Mil-
denhall, Sir C. J. F.B. :— Ixworth, Hb. Ilk. fide Sir C.J.F.B.! :
— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Tuddenham, C. Rose in Hb. Wils.
Earliest example 1832. C. Rose.

4. T. flaVTim Linn. Common Meadow Rite.
Bab. Man. 4. Hook. St. PL 3. H. & 8. 1. Hist. Franu

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp.

Perennial herb ; not unfrequent in marshes and on mar-
gins of rivers. June to August.

23

1. Banks of the Upper Ouse at Bardwell, Ixwortb
Thorpe and Honington ; of the Little Ouse at Thelnetham,.
Euston, Thetford Warren and Lakenheath ; of the Lark at
Lackford Bridge, Tuddenham and Mildenhall : — On the sides
of the water courses in the Wammell meadows, Mildenhall
Kir C.J.F.B. : — Tostock, Mrs. Terry.

2. At Nayland and Stoke-on- the- Stour : — Thurlow,.
Hb.F. : — Monk's Eleigh, Sk. ms. : — Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Very plentiful on the Lower Waveney and in the
Oulton marshes : — Burgh Castle. Pa-get: — Bungay ; Herring-
fleet and Somerleyton, Sk. ms. : Belton, Phyt. N.S. 1862 :
— Homersfield Bridge and Flixton, Galp.

4. At Stuston on the Upper Waveney: — In ditches-
at Framlingham, C rabbi". — Great Glemham and Stratford, St.
Andrews, M.X.B. : — Badingham, T.W..G.

5. Needham Market and Claydon on the Gipping : —
Hemingstone, T.B. : — Bramford, Miller : — Near Ipswich,
W.L.N. :— Bergholt, Dr White.

The distribution of the various forms has not been suffi-
ciently ascertained. In the following cases the varieties-
have been determined : —

a. T. Sphccrocarpum Lej.

1. Lakenheath || ; Mildenhall; Tuddenham; — Stow-
langtoft, Hb. lik. : — Market Weston, Gray.

2. Nayland and Stoke.

3. Banks near Oulton Broad.

4. Stuston.

b. T. riparium, Jord.

1. Ixworth Thorpe Carr.

2. Nayland ||.

3. Carlton Colville.

c. T. Morisonii, Grm. T. nigricans, Jacq.
1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Mildenhall.

5. Claydon.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Anemone. Linn.

1. A. Pulsatilla, Linn. Pasque Flower,

Bab. Man. 4. Hook. St. Fl. 3. U. «fc S. 1. Hist. Bury

Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Perennial herb ; rare ; extinct in some of its former
localities. On dry chalky pastures. April, May.

24

1. Newmarket Heath || ; also in Hb. Ek. : — 'Heath
st of Icklingham Church,' Sir J. Cullum. ' Both of these

•(A Pulsatilla and Potentilla verna) grow towards the Western
extremity of a bank that was parallel with the river opposite
Icklingham. It is the Devil's Ditch and bank in miniature:
mixed with these the Thesium linophyllum just makes its
appearance.' Sir J Cullum, April 20th, 1774. (The bank
referred to is in the parish of Cavenham, Ed.) : — ' Icklingham
ten miles N. of Bury. Sir Jno. Cullum.' Ms. note in Dill.
P«i/.inHb. Oxon. : — 'Between the Fir plantation beyond
Risby and Cavenham Severals.' Sir T. G. Outturn •. — Saxham,
Bury, M.M. d* With. : — Cavenham Heath, Woodward.
Earliest notice 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

2. A. nemorosa. Linn. Wood Anemone*

Windflower.

Bab. Man. 4. Hook. St. Fl. 4. H. & S. 2. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Galp. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W.

Perennial herb with horizontal rootstock ; occurs usually
In woods and thickets. March to May.

Tolerably frequent in all the districts.
Earliest notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

[A. appenina, Linn. Appenine Windflower

Bab. Man. 5. Hook. St. Fl. Appen. 529.
Herbaceous perennial with tuberous rootstock. Doubt-
less a garden escape. April.

2. Rede ? Hb. Turner.

5. ' Used to grow in a wild way in a meadow adjoin-
ing1 the garden at Helmingham Hall.' Moor.

No precise record of first notice ; about 1840? Rev.
E. J. Moor,]

[A ranuncilloid.es, Linn. Crowfoot Windflower.

Bab. Man. 5. Hook. St. Fl. App. 529.

Herbaceous perennial, with horizontal rootstock. April.

An alien, gradually extending itself and becoming
naturalized.

1. Troston || : — Risby, introduced by the late Prof.
Henslow into Canon Abraham's garden, but now spreading
widely beyond the garden, C.B. : — Badwell Ash, two
localities, Miss Payne : — Livermere, Ilov. H. James : — Bot.

25

Garden, Bury, Hb. Sk. :-^-A few plants formerly grew at
Eawstead, but were eradicated by a gardener, N.B.G. Supp.t
— Hawstead, Turner in Hb. Wils.

5. Great Bealings, Dr. J. E. Taylor.
No record before 1834. Turner.

Adonis. Linn.

Jl. A. autlimnalis, Linn. Autumnal Pheasant's Eye*

Bab. Man. 5. Hook. St. Fl. 4. H . & S. 2.

Herbaceous annual. ' Naturalized in Suffolk,' Hook,
St. Fl. We have met with no instances of apparent naturaliza-
tion. Ed. In or near gardens. ' Cultivated fields.' H. & S.

July to September.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || from former cultivation : — Bar-
ningham, K.F.L. : — Bury fields, Hb. Wils. : — Bot. Garden,
Bury, Hb. Sk. : — ' Corn fields about Bury,' Dr. Bromjield.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Long Melford, in a garden. ||
Earliest notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

Myosurus. Linn.

1. M. minimus, Linn. Least MousetaiL

Bab. Man. 5. Hook. St. Fl. 4. H. & S. 2. Hist. Fram,

Hist. Yarm. Hist. \\ her. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous annual, in damp fields, with a preference
for clay soil. Somewhat rare, and less frequent than formerly.

April to June.

1. Hawstead, Sir J Cullum: — Ickworth, Hb. Sk. -.—
Lit. Welnetham, Mrs. Carss, in Sk. ms. : — Near Gipping, Ips.
Fl.

2. Stoke -by-Nayland, Gray. : — Flatford Mill and banks-
of Stour, Dr. White

8. Burigay, Stock : — Herringfleet, Eev G. E. Leathesr
in Hb.Ek.SSalm. : — Browston Hall, D.Turner : — Blundeston,
Wigg : — Sea-wail, Mutford Bridge, Ms. Davy.

4. « Parham, in a wet meadow under trees,' Crabbe :~
Kelsale, Ms. Davy.

5. Woolverstone, H.M.S.: — Darmsden, Hb.Jeffes', — -
Wherstead, Hazard.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Ranunculus. Linn.

1. R. trichophyllllS, Chaix. Hair-leaved Water

Crowfoot, Water Fennel.

Bab. Man. 6. Hook. St. Fl. Top. Hot. Suff. E and W. Galp.
Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in pools and streams.

May, June.

1. Thetford || ; Lakenheath || ; Wang-ford ; Brandon;
Bardwell ; Barningham ; Thelnetham ; Harleston ; Wether-
.den :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Bury, Hb. Wils.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : Naj'land, Gray.

3. Kessingland : — St Margaret's, Galp.

4. Burgate ; Fressingfield and Westleton : — Brock-
ford, Hb. Peck. : — Mendham marshes, Galp.

5. Aldeburgh.

var. R. Godronii, Gren., R. radians, Rev.
Bab. Man. 6.

1. Knettishall || ; Thetford Warren ||. ,

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Kessingland and Benacre : — Kirkley, Rev. A. L+
Williams.

4. Huntingfield, Holland.

5. Aldeburgh.

First record 1834. Hb. Wilson.

2. R- DrOTietii, F. Schultz. Drouett's Water Crowfoot.
Bab. Man. 6. Hook. St. Fl. 6. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp.
Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in pools and ditches.

May, June.

1. Hopton||; Barnham; Fakenham; Ixworth Thorpe
and Sapiston.

2. Nayland; Stoke -by-Clare.

3. Kessingland and St. Olaves : — In Waveney, near
Eastham, H.B.C.

4. Weybread, Galp.

5. Needham Market.
First record 1882. Hind.

3. R. heterophyllus, Fries. Various leaved Water

Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 6. Hook. St. Fl. 5. H. & S. 2. Hist. Yarm.
Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in pools and streams.

May, June.

27

1. Hopton|| ; Cavenham ; Thetford ; Fakenham ; Tros-
ton ; Liver mere and Shelland : — Walsham, Hb. Dun.

2. Nayland :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Beccles : — Oulton, Mc.Aub.

4. Bur gate.

First notice 1847. Mrs. Dunlap.

4. !R. COnfasiIS, Godr. Confused Water Crowfoot.
Bab. Man. 7. Hook. St. Fl. 6.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in brackish ditches*

April to August*
3. Southwold, Holmes.

5. Felixstowe || and Walton ||.

Form. B. salsuqinosus. Hiern.
Bab. Man. 7 Hook. St. Fl. 7.
5. Walton ||.

First notice 1882. Holmes.

6. H. Baudot!!, Oodr. Baudot's Water Crowfoot

Bab. Man. 7. Hook. St. Fl. 6;
Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in brackish ditches.

May to September*
5. Catawade || ; Sudbourne.

Form. E. marinus. Fries.
Bab. Man. 7. Hook. St. Fl. 5.

3. Benacre ||. 5. Marsh ditches, Bawdsey ; Aide-
burgh.

Earliest notice 1883. Hind.

7 E. fl.oribund.TlS, Bab. Many-floivered Water Crowfoot*
Bab. Man. 7. Hook. St. Fl. 5.
Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in pools. May to August.

1. Mildenhall || ; Barton Mills; Tuddenham ; West
Stow ; Fakenham and Thurston : — Ixworth, Hb. Cas. : —
Livermere, Gray.

2. Stoke ; Nayland and Wiston.

3. Oulton, McAub. : — Flixton ; St. Margaret, Galp.

4. Brockford, Hb. Peck :— Mendham :— Weybread,
Gulp.

Earliest notice 1883. Hind.

28

•£. R. penicillatus, Hiern. R. submenus, Hiern.

Penicillate Water Crowfoot.
Bab. Man. 8. Hook. St. Fl 5.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in rivers and streams.

May to August.

1. Barton Mills ; Mildenhall and West Stow.

2. Nay land || . Gray : — Stoke and Wiston.

Form. R.pseudo-fluitans, .Hiern. E. submersus, Hiern.

Batrachium rivulare, Schur.
Bab. Man. 8. Hook. St. Fl. 5.

1. West Row; Mildenhall || ; Barton Mills :—Lack-
ford, H b. Ly.

2. Nayland, Gray.

Earliest notice 1 835. Miss Lathbury.

9. R. peltatus, Fries. Peltate Water Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 8. Hook. St. Fl. 5.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in ponds. May to Sept.
1. Hopton || ; Troston ; Cavenharn ; Rymer Point;
Fakenharn ; Ixworrh Thorpe and Barningham Park. A.flore
plena form occurs in a pool at Hopton ||.
2. Wiston.
4. Fressingfield.

First noticed 1876. Hind.

11. !R. circinatus, Sibth. Circinate Water Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 9. Hook. St. Fl. 6, 7. H. <k S. 2. Hist. Yarnu
Top. Bot. Suff, E. and W. Galp.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in rivers and ditches.

June to September.

1. Barton Mills; Mildenhall; Lakenheath ; Liver-
mere ; Ampton ; Bardwell ; Ixworth ; Sapiston ; Knetti-
•shall ; Thelnetham ; Brandon and Santon D jwnham : —
Barton, Hb. Blk. : — Pakenhaiu, C.B. : — Stowlangtoft. Hb*
Ek. : — Bury, Hb. Ly.

2. Long Melford : — Nayland and Stoke, Gray.

3. Bungay ; Ou;ton ; Kessingland ; Beccles : — The
Waveney Marshes and Flixton, Galp.

4. Eye; Stuston and Dunwich : — Great Glemham,
JE.N.B.

5. Baylham, Hb. Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

29

12. R. fluitans, Lam. Floating Water Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 9. Hook. St. Fl. 6. H. & S. 2. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. W. Galp.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in rivers. June, July.

1. Sapiston |] ; Euston : Honington ; Brandon ; Laken-
heath and Mildenhall : — Icklingham ; Santon Downham ;
Bury and Fornham, 8k. ms.

4. Rare in the Waveney below Syleham (E.A.H.),
Galp.

Earliest notice 1858. Sir C. J. F. Bunbury.

13. B. Lenormandi, Schultz. Lenormand's Crowfoot.
Bab. Man. 9. Hook. st. Fl. 7. Top. Bot. Suff. E. ?
Herbaceous perennial ; on mud, or in shallow pools.

June to August.

' Suffolk, E., Skepperms: Top. Bot. & E. Sk. Without
locality.

Earliest notice 1862 ? E. Skepper.

14. R. hederaceilS, Linn. Ivy-leaved Crowfoot.
Bab. Man. 9, 10. Hook. St. Fl. 7. H. & S. 2. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff.

Herbaceous perennial ; in shallow pools or on mud.

June to September.

1. Barnham||; Cavenham and Wang-ford Heath: —
Ixworth, Hb. Gas. : — Bury, 8k. ms.

2. Nay land.

3. Hopton || ; Lowestoft, Hbb. F. & Sk.

4. Walberswick, Holmes ; Snape Bog, H. & 8.: — Bed-
grave, Collins.

5. Bergholt, H. & 8.

Earliest notice 1834. Mrs. Casborne.

15- H. SCeleratllS, Linn. Celery-leaved Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 10. Hook. St. Fl 8, 9. H. & S. 2. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. VVher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp.

Herbaceous annual ; in muddy places. June to Sept.
A very minute and slender form of this from the banks
• of the Lark, Bury, is preserved in Hb. Wils., approaching
form c. H. minimus. D.C.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

30

16. H- FlammTlla, Linn. Lesser Spearwort.

Bab. Man. 10. Hook. St. Fl. 8. H. & S. 2. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufL E. and W. Galp.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in boggy places.

June to August.
Occurs in all the districts.
Form. R. pseudo-reptans, Syme.
Lond. Cat. 25 b.

1. Thetford Warren || ; Lakenheath and Ixwortk
Thorpe ; Broadmere, Troston. A small erect form occurs at
Wangford || .

2. Nayland, Gray.

3. Belton and Benacre : — Oulton, McAub.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

18. R. Lingua, Linn. Great Speanvort.

Bab. Man. 11. Hook. St. Fl. 8. H. & S. 2. Hist. Fram.
Hist.Yarm. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fens and marshes. Somewhat
rare ; but more abundant in Suffolk than in most Counties.

May to August.

1. Hopton Fen and Lakenheath ; Santon Downham ;
West Eow, Mildenhall, C.B. :— Cavenham, W.J. :— Tim-
worth, Sir T. G. Cullum.

2. Cornard Mere, near Sudbury, Bot. Soc.,Lon.

3. Oulton, McAub.:— Belton, Phyt. N.S. 1862 :— Somer-
leyton and Benacre Broad, Sk. ins. : — Beccles, Crabbc : — Bun-
gay, Woodward.

4. Redgrave Fen II : — Framlingham, Crable :— Hoxne,
(J.C.) Galp.

5. Shingle Street, Holmes: — Between Baylham and
Needham, Kirby in lib. F. : — Bricet W9od, H. & 8. : — ]3ram-
ford and Baylham, Miller.

First notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

19. !R. Ficaria, Linn. Pileirort, Lesser Celandine..

Bab. Man. 11. Hook. St. Fl. 10. ^H. & S. 2. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. . Hist. Wher. Galp.

Herbaceous perennial, with club -shaped tubers attached
to the roots ; usually in damp soil and shady banks.

t April, May.

31

Commom in all the districts. Both forms, incumbem
and diwn/ens, are found.

First record 1831. Hb. Wilson.

20. R. auricomus, Linn. Goldilocks

Bab. Man. 11. Hook. St. Fl. 8. H. & S. 3. Top. Bot. Suff.
E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp.

Herbaceous perennial, having a preference for heavy soil.
The petals are frequently imperfect, or partly wanting.

April, May.

1 . Ixworth Thorpe || ; Bardwell and Honington ; Bar-
ton, Hb. Blk. :— Hardwick, Hb. 8k. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun. :
— Woolpit, Hb. Ilk. :— Nowton, Hb. Wils.

2. Nayland ; Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Thurlow, Hb. F. :
— Cockfield, W.J. :— Long Melford, J.F.W.

3.— Oulton, McAub. : — Flixton, Galp. : — Gunton Hall
Wood and Lowestoft, G. Clowes in Hb. Geld.

4. Great Glemham, E.N.B. '. Brockford, Hb. Peck :—
Oakley and Burgate, Collins : — Mendham, Galp.

5. Ashbocking, F. C.S. : — Wherstead, Haicard : — Bram-
ford Lane, Ipswich, I.S.S. ms.

First record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

21. K. acris, Linn. Upright Crowfoot, Buttercup.

Bab. Man. 11. Hook. St. Fl. 9. H. & S. 3. Hist. Yarm.

Galp. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous perennial, of erect habit, in meadows and
pastures ; very common. June, July.

In all the districts. In Hb. Hens, is o>flore pleno speci-
men from Hitcham.

Var. R. totfiopJiyllut, Jord.

Bab. Man. 11. Hook. St. Fl. 9.

1. Wangford||; Brandon; also a specimen with re-
markably minute flowers, Wangford||.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

22. H. repens, Linn. Creeping Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 12. Hook. St. Fl. 9. H. & S. 3. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous perennial, propagated by stolons and seeds.
In pastures, cultivated ground, and waste places.

May to August.

32

Very common in all the districts, A specimen flore
pleno, and another with two flowers combined in Hb. Hens.,
from Hitcham.

First notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

23. R. bulbosUS, Linn. Bulbous-rooted Crowfoot.

Early Buttercup.

Bab. Man. 12. Hook. St. Fl. 9. H. & S. 3. Hist.Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff . E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp.

Herbaceous perennial, with enlarged solid spherical root.
In meadows and pastures. May, June.

Common in all the districts. Form fl. pleno from Now-
ton, Hb. Wils.

First notice 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

24. R. MrsutllS, Curt. E. Sardous, Crantz.

Pale hairy Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 12. Hook. St. Fl. 10 * H. & S. 3. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff E and W. Galp.

Herbaceous annual or biennial ; in moist pastures and
cornfields. Not very frequent. June to October,

1. Fakenham; Honington : — Drinkstone and Rattles-
den, Hb. F. : — Pakenham, Hb. Rk. : — Barton, Mrs. Parker :
— Bradfield, St. Geo., Mrs. Carss:—Bvry, Hb. Wils.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland || ; Cockfield, W.J. ;— Hitcham,
Ebb. Hens. 6 Sk.

3. — Benacre : — Oulton, McAub : — Bungay, Stock: — Brey-
don,P%t.iY.^.,1862:— Southwold, ffo/mes:— St. Margaret's,
Galp.

4. Dunwich || ; Botesdale : — Sizewell, E.N.B. : — Fram-
lingham, Crabbe: — Weybread, H.B.G. '. — Brome and Stus-
ton, Collins.

5. Catawade : — Ashbocking, F.C.S.: — Aldeburgh,
T.W.G. :— Felixstowe, Haward.

Var. E. parvulus, Linn. Dwarf hairy Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 12.

3. Burgh Castle || ; Belton :— Southtown, Hb. DK

5. Catawade || ; Aideburgh ; Orford.
First notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

25. R. parviflorilS, Linn. Small-flowered Crowfoot*
Bab. Man. 1 2. Hook. St. Fl. 10. H. & S. 3. Top. Bot. Suff.

E. and W.

33

Creeping annual ; somewhat rare ; on dry banks.

May, June.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland || :— Hadleigli, Prof. Hens.

3. Gorleston : — Barnby, Holmes : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Stuston, Collins.

5. Landguard Fort || : — Hemley, Holmes : — Bergholt,
H. & S.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

26- H. arvensis, Linn. Corn Crowfoot.

Bab. Man. 12. Hook. St. Fl. 10. H. & S. 3. Top. Bot.

Suff. E. and W. Galp.

Erect annual ; in cornfields ; not plentiful.

May to July.

1 . Hard wick ; Stanton ; Thurston : — Ixworth, Hb.Cas. :
— Felsham, Hb. Sk. :— Culford Heath, Gray :— Bury, H. dS. :
— Nowton, Hb. Wils. : — Walsham, Miss Jeffes.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland || : — Hitcham,.H&. Hens. : — Cock-
field, Hb. Blk. :— Lit. Thurlow, Herb. F.

3. Kessingland :— Oulton, McAub. :— Flixton, H.B.C.

4. Westleton || ; Botesdale. : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.i
— Framlingham, Crabbe : — Hoxne and Oakley, Collins : —
Weybread, Galp.

5. Otley, E.N.B. :— Grundisburgh, T.H. :— Ashbock-
ing, F.C.S. :— Greeting, Hb. Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1849. Prof. Henslow.

Caltha, Linn.

1. C. palustris, Linn. Marsh Marigold.

Bab. Man. 13. Hook. St. Fl. 11. H. & S. 3. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. Hist. Wher.

Succulent herbaceous perennial ; very frequent in
marshes. Blossoms March to May, and occasionally much
later.

In all the districts.

Var. C. Gueranyeri, Bor. Gueranger's Marsh Marigold.

Bab. Man. 13. ' Hook. St. Fl. 11.

1. Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk.

2. Polstead Marsh ||.

Earliest notice 1798. Kev. G. Crabbe.

34

[Eranthis, Salisb.

1. E. lliemalis, Salisb. Winter Aconite.

Bab. Man. 13. Hook. St. Fl. 12. Galp. 47.

Herbaceous perennial, with tuberous root ; in planta-
tions, where it has been introduced, and is becoming
naturalized. January to April.

1. Honington || ; Bardwell ; Stanton ; Troston.

2. Cockfield C.B. :— Stoke-by-Nayland, Gray.
8. In Flixton Long Plantation (E.A.H.), Galp.

Earliest notice 1876. Hind.]

Helleborus, Linn.

1. H. viridis, Linn. Green Hellebore, Bearsfoot*

Bab. Man. 13. Hook. St. Fl. 12. H. & S. 3. Galp. 47.

Cyb. Br. Supp.

Herbaceous perennial ; chiefly in thickets on chalky
soil. March to May.

1. In a wood near Beyton, Dr. Bromfield : — About
Bury, N.B.G. :— Felsham, Dr. White.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Kettlebaston, Dr. White.

3. Oakwood near Bungay, F. Spalding.

4. Benhall, a small patch by the river, naturalized,
E.N.B. : — Hoxne, Collins.

5. Blunt' s wood, near Woodbridge, F. Spalding.
Earliest notice 1805. Woodward.

2. H. foetidus, Linn. Stinking Hellebore, Settenvort.
Bab. Man. 1 3, 14. Hook. St. Fl. 12. H. & S. 3. Cyb. Br.

Supp. Hal p. 47.

Herbaceous perennial ; in thickets on chalky soil.

March, April.

1. Felsham, C.B. :— Barton, Hb. Bile. : — Lit. Saxham,
Ht>. Rk. :— Old Newton, Hb. Gas. :— Hardwick, Sir J.Cnllum,
1773 :— Rattlesden, Mrs. Parker :— Haughley, Dr. White :—
Shelland, J. Rasor : — Ickworth, H. & S. : — Rougham, Sk.ms. :
— Wether den, Mrs. Terry.

2. Near Lavenham, Sit. ws. : — Brettenham ; In a hedge
between Lavenham and Acton, C.B. : — Wood near Hadleigh,
F. Spalding : — Kettlebaston, W.J. : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : —
Brent Eleigh, Mrs. Terry.

35

3. St. Margaret's and St. Cross, Soutlielmham, Holmes :
- — Gorton, Hb. Salm.

4. Framlingham, likely planted, Crabbe : — Brandish,
J. Sherard, Dill. : — Cransford and Laxfield, Ms. Davy : —
Wetheringsett, Hb. Peck : — Mendlesham, Hb. Salm.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — Battisford, Miss Jeffes.
Earliest notice 1724. J. Sherard.

Aquilegia, Linn.

1. A. Vlllgaris, Linn. Columbine..

Bab. Man. 14. Hook. St. Fl. 13. H. & S. 3. Cyb. Br. Supp.
'Galp. 47.

Herbaceous perennial; in woods and heaths, and
occasionally as a stray by hedges ; somewhat rare. May, June.

1. Apparently native in a small wood at Ixworth
Thorpe || ; as a stray at Bardwell and Troston : — Barton,
Hb.Blk. :— Ickworth,m Rk. :— Hawstead, SirJ. Cullum. : —
Hessett and Elmswell, J.Rasor : — Wetherden, Mrs. Terry : —
between Sicklesmere and Hawstead, Mrs. Carss : — Risby,
ff b. Ly. : — Also in Hopton Fen, Miss E. Downton.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Cockfield, H. & S.

3. St. Margaret's, Holmes: — Bungay, H. & S.

4. Hunting-field, Ho Hand :— Wey bread, Hb. Jeffes:—
Yaxley, W. H. Sewell*: — Old walls, Abbey, Hoxne, Collins.

5. Barking, T.B. : — Woodbridge, Moor : — Little Bricet,.

n. & s.

Earliest notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

* " I have been so interested in the plant from its having been
finely and accurately painted in pre- Reformation Glass, in
Gislingham Church." W.H.S.

Delphinium, Linn.

*1. D. Ajacis, Gay. Rocket Larkspur..

Bab. Man. 14. Hook. St. F1.13. H. & S. 4. Cyb. Br. Supp.
Hist. Bury.

Cornfield annual on chalk or sandy soil ; not common.

June, July.

1. Barton Mills |] ; Livermere and Sapiston; Bury,
Sir J. Cullum, 1113:—' Barton Mills abundantly,Mr. Bryant,'
Dill. Ray. Hb. Ox. : — Mildenhall, ' Formerly frequent on the

36

fchalk lands, especially to the west of the town. Now almost
entirely extirpated by improved farming, Sir C.J.F.B. :
j — Brandon, Miss Bell : — Barnham, Gray : — Hawstead, Sir J.
'Cullum : — Worlington, Miss Bullender : — Eattlesden, Mrs.
Parker : — Lakenheath, lib. Sk. : — Barton and Tuddenham,
H. & 8. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb.Kk. :—East Gate, Bury, Hb. Turn.

2. Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb.Hens. : — Sudbury, FulcJier
and J.8.H.

4. Mellis, C. J. Ashfield. 5. Aldeburgh, Crabbe. .

Earliest record 1764. Eev. H. Bryant.

Aconitum, Linn.

Mi. A. NapellllS, Linn. Monkshood.

Bab. Man. 14. Hook. St. Fl. 13, 14. Galp. 48.

Herbaceous perennial, not native, only a stray from
cultivation ; river banks ; very rare. June, July.

3. St. Peters, Southelmham, Holmes. Habitat now
destroyed.

Earliest notice 1840 ? Eev. E. A. Holmes.

BERBERIDE>£.

Berberis, Linn.

1. 33. Vlllgaris, Linn. Barberry..

Bab. Man. 15. Hook. St. Fl. 15. H. & S. 4. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarai. Top. Bot. Stiff . E. and W.

A spinous shrub, preferring, but not confined to, a
chalky soil. For an account of jfficidium Berberidis, and its
supposed connection with corn mildew, see W. G. Smith's.
4 Diseases of field and garden crops,' pp. 159-207. Thickets
and hedges. May, June.

1. Cavenham 1 1 ; Lackford ; Fakenham ; Honiiigton ;
Ixworth Thorpe ; Pakenham ; Timworth and Shelland : —
Bury, Hbb. Blk. Wils. & 8k. :— Norton, Hbb. Gas. & Ilk. :—

.Felsham, Herb.F.: — Walsham, Hb.Dun.: — Tuddenham,
8k. ms. : — Near Bury, Miss Turner.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Lound, Wigcj : — Lowestoft, E. Sk.

4. Huntingfield, Holland : — Framlingham, Crabbe : —
Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

5. Burstall, F. Fox. : — Market Needham, Hb. Jeffes*
Earliest notice 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

37

[Mahonia aquifolia, Nutt. Two small plants in a hedge-
of a pasture field in Hartest, far from a dwelling.
Earliest notice 1887. Hind.]

NYMPH/EACE>£.

Nymphaea, Linn.

1. * N. alba, Linn. White Water Lily^

Bab. Man. 16. Hook. St. Fl. 16. H.&S.4. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 48.

Showy aquatic perennial; in rivers, fen-pools, and
ponds. June, July.

1. Knettishall, in the Little Ouse || ; at Honington ;
Sapiston and Ixworth in the Upper Ouse ; Troston : — at
Icklingham and in fen pools, especially in Bombay Fen
between Mildenhall and Eriswell, Sir G.J.F.B. : — Barton,
Hb. Blh. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ilk. :— Culford Lake, Gray :—
in fish-pond or "leech-pool," Lackford Bridge; West Stow
and Lakenheath ; hi Miller's bog near Wangford, Sk. ms. i
— Gt. Finborough, H. & 8. :— Bury, Hb. Wils.

2. Nayland .— Stour at Clare, Hb. F. :— Sudbury, Ful-
cher&J.S.H. : — Cornard Mere, Cyb. Br.

3. Bungay :— Fritton, Phyt. 1862. :— Oulton Broad,
E. Sk. :— Flixton, Galp.

4. Redgrave Fen: — Syleham, H.B.C.: — Mendham,.

5. Holbrooke; Aldeburgh :— Barham, Hb. F. :— Gt.
Bealings, Moor: — Woodbridge, H.M.S.
Var. b. N. minor, Syme.
2. Cornard Mere, Cyb. Br.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Nuphar, Linn.

1. N. lutea, Sm. Yellow Water Lily, Brandy Bottle*.

Bab. Man. 16. Hook. St. Fl. 15. H. & S. 4. ' Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 48.

Showy aquatic perennial ; in rivers and ponds ; more
common than the preceding, C.B. July.

1. In Litt. Ouse at Knettishall [| and Thetford; in
Upper Ouse at Euston, Sapiston, Bardwell and Ixworth ; at

38

Hopton and Lakenheath : — in the Eriswell Lode and in the
Lark between Mildenhall and Tuddenham, SirC.J.F.B.: —
Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Culford
Lake, Gray : — Barton, W. J. : — Bury, Hb. Wils. : — Fornham,
Hb. Ly.

2. In the Stour, Milford, Wixoe and Stoke-by- Clare : —
Nayland, Gray :— Whatfield, E.F.L.

3. St. Olave's, Beccles, Mettingham and Kessingland :-
Fritton, Phyt. 1862 :— Oulton Broad, E. Sk.

4. Redgrave ; Wortham Ling ; Oakley and Walpole : —
Gt. Glemham and Sternfield, E.N.B. :— Weiihaston, W. J. :—
In the Weybread Beck, Galp.

5 . Bramford : — • Aldeburgli, Hele : — Woodbridge, H.M . S.
. — Ipswich, W.L.X. : — Baylham, T.B. : — Needham Market,
E. Clowes.

First notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

PAPAVERACE/E.

Papaver, Linn.

II. P. Argemone, Linn. Small Corn Poppy

Bab. Man. 17. Hook. St. Fl. 17. H. & S. 5. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Galp. 48.

An annual ; usually found on cultivated land, but not so
common as some other species ; frequent on chalky soil.

June, July.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Thetford ; Flempton and Lakenheath
: — On Barton Hill and between Mildenhall and West Row,
Sir C.J.FJ3. :— Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Pakenham, Hb Gas. :—
Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Culford Heath, Blackctt. :— Barton.
Sir O.J.F.B. :

2. Nayland :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Stoke, Gray :— Gt.
Thurlow, Herb F. : — Wiston, O.B. : — Whepstead, Miss Turner

3. Gorleston, near Lake Lothing : — Lowestoft, Sk.ms. :
—Oulton, McAub.

4. Dunwich : — Gt. Glemham, K.N. B. : — Framlingham,
Crabbe : — Mendham, Galp. : — Palgrave and Stuston, Collins.

5. Bawdsey: — Wherstead, Haward: — Gt. Bealings,
Moor: — Coddenham, F.Fox: — Grundisburgh, T.H.: — Ips-
wich, W.L.N.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

39

t2. P. hybridum, Linn. Hybrid Com Poppy.

Bab. Man. 17. Hook. St. Fl. 17. H. & S. 5. Hist. Yarra.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual weed ; in sandy fields ; rare. June, July.

1. " The Wammell footpath, by the river from Milden-
hall to West Row,"|| Sir O.J.F.B. : — Lakenheath, Hb.Sk. :
— Saxham Road, Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Higham and
Tuddenham, W.J.

3. Bradwell Mill, D. Turner :— Gorleston, Phyt., 1862 :
— Lowestoft, R.&S. :— Pakefield, H.D.G., and Burgh Castle,
H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

5. Felixstowe, H. & S.

First notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

t3. P. Rlioeas, Linn. Common Corn Poppy,

Corn Eose.

Bab. Man. 17. Hook. St. Fl. 17. H. & S. 4. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Fram. Hist. Wher. Galp. 48. Top. Bot. Huff. E. and W.

Annual showy weed ; very common in cornfields, es-
pecially on light soil. June, July.

In all the districts.

Var. P. strif/osum, Boenningh.

Bab. Man. 17. Hook. St. Fl. 17.

1. Honington H : — Culford, Heath, Gray: — Bury, Hb.
Wils.

2. Nayland, Gray.

3. Bradwell, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

t4. P. dubium, Linn. Long-headed Corn Poppy.

Bab. Man. 17, 18. Hook. St. Fl. 17. H. & S. 4. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury Hist. Wher. Galp. 48. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Annual showy weed ; frequent in cornfields on light soil.

June, July.
In all the districts.

First record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

15. P. Lecoqii, Lamott? Lccoq's Poppy.

Bab. Man. 18. Hook. St. H.
Annual weed ; on chalky soil and walls ; rare.

June, July.
1. Risby, Hb. Sk.

40

2. Cockfield, C.B., to whom it was pointed out by
Prof. C. C. Babington.

First notice 1860. E. Skepper.

}6. P. SOmniferum, Linn. Officinal Poppy.

Bab. Man. 18. Hook. St. Fl. 18. Hist. Yarm. Galp. 48.
Annual herb ; a stray from cultivation ; not common.

July.

1. Honington || ; Mildenhall.

2. Wiston, Gray.

3. Bungay and Fritton :— Gorleston, Phyt. N.S. 1862.

4. Botesdale; Dunwich: — Mendham, H.B.C.

5. Bramford and Stutton.
First notice 1834. Paget.

Glaucium, Tourn.

1. Gr. luteum, Scop. Yellow Horned Poppy.

Bab. Man. 18, 19. Hook. St. Fl. 19. H.&S.5. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. SufiE E.

Herbaceous biennial ; frequent on sandy sea-shores.

June to August.

3. Benacre ; Covehithe and Lowestoft : — South Cove,
Trimmer : — Southwold, Hbb. Rk. & Man., Ms. Davy.

4. Dunwich || ; Sizewell : — Walberswick, Trimmer.

5. Felixstowe; Landguard Fort; Bawdsey : — Near
Sutton, Sir J. Outturn :— Aldeburgh, Hb. F.

First notice 1763. T. Martyn.

Chelidonium, Linn.

1. C. majUS, Linn Celandine.

Bab. Man. 19. Hook St. Fl. 18. H. & S. 5. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Huff. E. and W. Galp. 49.

Herbaceous perennial; tolerably frequent on hedge
banks and in waste places. May to August.

Occurs in all the districts.
First notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

41

FUMARIACE/E.

a ,

Corydalis, DeCand.

[C. SOlida, Hoofc. Tuberous Corydalis.

Bab. Man. 19. Hook.'St. Fl. 21, 22.

Herbaceous perennial, with a tuberous root ; in thickets,
where it has at some time been introduced. April, May.

2. Nayland, || Gray.

3. Near Oulton Broad, McAub.
Earliest notice 1880. Eev. J. D. Gray.]

*1. C. lutea, DO. Yellow Corydalis.

Bab. Man. 19, Hook. St. Fl. 21. H. & S. 5.

Herbaceous perennial growing" on walls ; an escape from
cultivation. May to August.

1 . Sapiston || ; Fakenham ; Livermere ; Norton ; Mil-
denhall and Thetford : — Harleston, Mrs. Terry : — Bury, Sk.ms.

2. Nayland.

4. Darsham : — Wenhaston, W.J. : — Hoxne Abbey,
1 Collins.

5. Playford, Moor.

First notice 1840 ? Rev. E. J. Moor.

^2. C. davicillata, DO. Wldte climbing Corydalis.

Bab. Man. 19, 20. Hook. St. Fl. 21. Top. Bot. Suff. E. (W ?)
Hist. Wher.

Climbing herbaceous perennial ; on bushy hills ; rare.

June, July.

4. Friston Decoy, Hele : — Darsham, Ms. Davy.

5. Aldeburgh, Holmes: — near Iken Wood, E.N.B.: —
Sudbourne Wood, Hele : — between Bergholt and Brantham,

'H.O.W., Geog. Distrib. Brit. Plants :— Dodnash Wood,
W.L.N. : — Wherstead, Haward : — Bentley, in plenty, Miller :
— Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

First notice 1813. Davy.

[C. capnoides, Pers. Long established on a wall at
Troston Hall.]

42

Fu mania, Linn.

1. U1. pallidiflora, Jord. Rampant Fumitory^

Bab. Man. 20. Hook. St. Fl. 20. H.&S.5. Top. Bot. Suff. E.
Hist. Wher. Galp. 49.

Climbing annual ; borders of fields ; not frequent.

June to September*

3. Burgh Castle, Phyt. N.S. 1862.

5. Felixstowe, Hb. F. : — Alderton, Holmes : — Hol-
brooke, Moor : — Walton, 8k. ms. : — Wherstead, Haward : —
Hemley Churchyard and Koads near Walton, Ms. Davy.

Var. b. F. Borai, Jord.

Bab. Man. 20. Hook. St. Fl. 20.

3. Sea-wall, Breydon Water,|| C.B.

4. Weybread, H.B.C.

Earliest notice 1840 ? Rev. E. J. Moor.

2. F. COnfusa, Jord. Fumitory.
Bab. Man. 20. Hook. St. Fl. 20.

Annual weed ; borders of fields ; distribution in Suffolk
not yet ascertained. June to September.

1. Honington.

3. Bradwell || ; Hopton || ; Gorleston.
First notice 1882. Hind.

3- IT. muralis, Bond. Wall Fumitory.

Bab. Man. 20. Hook. St. Fl. 20.
Annual weed on cultivated land ; tolerably frequent.

June to September.

1. Fakenham||; Mildenhall ; Honington; Bury; Lit.
Livermere; Thelnetham; Higham : — Stowlangtoft, Hb.Rk. :.
— Walsham, Hb. Dun.

2. Clare and Stoke-by-Nayland.

3. Belton.

First notice 1875. Hind.

4. F. officinalis, Linn. Officinal Fumitory.

Bab. Man. 20, 21. Hook. St. Fl. 20. H. & S. 5. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 49.
Annual weed ; common in cultivated land.

May to September.
In all the districts.

First notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

43

•5- IT. densiflora, DC. Dense-flowered Fumitory.

Bab. Man. 21. Hook. St. Fl. 20.

Annual weed ; on chalky soil. June to September.

1. Plentiful in a chalk pit at West Kow, Mildenhall, 1 1
along with the two following species ; Higham.
First notice 1887. Hind.

6. F. parviflora Lam. Small-flowered Fumitory.
Bab. Man. 21. Hook. St. Fl. 21. H. and S. 5. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual weed, preferring a chalky soil ; rare.

June to September.

1. Lakenheath 1 1 and West Eow, Mildenhall | ; Ex-
ning : — Near Kennet, C.B. : — Near Westley Bottom, Rev.
G. R. Leathes in Hb. Rk. : — Newmarket, Rev. J. Dalton.

3. * Very rare, a weed in gardens,' Paget. No locality
is given ; it is therefore doubtful whether the reference may
not be to Norfolk. Not unlikely F. muralis may have been
the species seen.

5. In several places near Ipswich, H.C.W., Geog.
Distrib. Brit. Plants.

Earliest notice 1805. Rev. J. Dalton.

7. F. "Vaillantii, Lois. Vaillanfs Fumitory.
Bab. Man. 21. Hook. St. Fl. 21. Cyb. Br. Supp.
Annual weed ; very rare ; in cornfields and on heaths.

June to September.

1. ' Now and then among the corn beside the footpath
from Mildenhall to West Row||, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Edge of
Heath, Wangford 1 1.

Earliest notice 1873. Sir C. J. F. Bunbury.

CRUCIFERyE.

Cheiranthus, Linn.

*1. C. Cheiri, Linn. Wall/tower.

Bab. Man. 25. Hook. St. Fl. 24. Hist. Yarm. H.&S.5.
Galp.

Shrubby herbaceous perennial ; a denizen on old walls.
Found in Abbey Gardens before the Reformation; now
naturalized on their walls. April, May.

44

1. Old walls, Fornham All Saints ; Ixworth and Thet-
ford :— Bury Abbey, Sir J. Cullum, C.B.

3. Bungay and Mettingham Castles ; Beccles.

4. Framlingham and Sibton Abbey : — Leiston Abbey ^
Moor :— Crowe Hall, C.B.

5. The Church and Castle, Orford.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Nasturtium, R. Brown.

1. !N. officinale, R. Brown. Water Cress. .

Bab. Man. 25. Hook. St. Fl. 24, 25. H. & S. 6. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff . E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 49

Perennial sapid herb ; abundant in brooks and ditches.

June, July. .

Occurs in all the districts.

Var. N. mierophyllum, R.

Bab. Man. 25. Hook. St. Fl. 25.

1. Thurston 1 1 ; Santon Downharn : — Stowlangtoft*
Hb. Rk. :— Bury, Hb. Wils.

Var. N. siifolium, R.

Bab. Man. 25. Hook. St. Fl. 25.

1. Coney Weston, E.F.L.

2. Nayland.

4. Between Redgrave and Wortham.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. N. silvestre, R. Brown. Water Rocket.
Bab. Man. 26. Hook. St. FL 25. H. & S. 6. Top. Bot. Suff. EL

Galp. 49.

Perennial herb ; in wet places and banks of streams;
not frequent. June to August.

1. Near the margin of Rougham Canal, H.SS.i
Bury, Herb. F. ; Rushbrooke, Sk. ms.

3. St. Cross, Holmes :— Lowestoft, Herb. Sk. :— Burgh
Castle, W. Winter, Phyt.N.S. 1862:— Bungay, Sir J. E. Smith..

4. Framlingham, Crabbe.

Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

3. N. palustre, DC. Small Water Radish.. _
Bab. Man. 26. Hook. St. Fl. 25. H. & S. 6. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 49.

Perennial herb ; in wet places ; not very frequent.

June to September; ...

45

1. Troston; Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 :—Gt. Ashfield, Hb^
fik : — Barton Mere, H $ S. : — River-side by Haughley
Church, Blackett :— Mildenhall, Hb. Dun.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Cockfield, Sk. ms.

3. Bungay, MM. & With. : — Marshes, Burgh Castle,.
W. Winter, Phyt. N.-S. 1862 :~0ulton, McAub.

4. Benhall ; Framlingham, E.N.B. : — Mendham, Galp*.

5. Ipswich ||. A stray on ballast.
Earliest notice 1800. Woodward.

Barbarea, P. Brown.

1. IB. vulgaris, R. Brown, Winter Cress, Yellow Rocket.

Bab. Man. 26. Hook. St. Fl. 25, 26. H.&S.6. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 50.

Herbaceous perennial? frequent on ditch banks and

margins of streams. June to August.

Found in all the districts. The form B. arcuata, Reich,

was gathered at Santon Downham in June, 1887, by the

Rev. J. D. Gray.

First record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

2. IB. strict a, Andrz. Narrow-leaved Winter Cress..
Bab. Man. 26. Hook. St. Fl. 26.

Herbaceous biennial ; on the edge of streams ; rare.

May to August..

1. Thurston 1 1 ; Fornhani, Hb. Blk.

2. Wixoe and Stoke-by-Nayland.
First notice 1840. Lady Blake.

*3. IB. intermedia, Bor. Intermediate Winter Cress.

Bab. Man. 26. Hook. St. Fl. 26.

Herbaceous biennial ; found on heap of mud and gravel
from the mill race at Nayland, 1885. May to August.

2. Nayland || Gray.
First notice 1885. Rev. J. D. Gray.

14. IB. praecox, R. Brown. Early Winter Cress.-

Bab. Man. 26. Hook. St. Fl. 26. Hist. Yarm.
Biennial herb ; a frequent escape from cultivation.

April to October.
1. Chalk pit behind the Hospital, Bury||; Railway

46

-foanks, Higham ; Honington ; Sapiston and Culford Heath :
— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.

3. ' Hedge by Bradwell Marshes,' Wigg.
Earliest notice 1805. Wigg.

Arab is, Linn.

1. A. hirsuta, R. Brown. A. sagittata, DC.

Hairy Rock Cress.

Bab. Man. 27. Hook. St. Fl. 27. H. & S. 6. Hist. Bury.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous biennial ; on dry or chalky banks ; not
common. July to August.

1. Ingham||; Market Weston 1 1 ; Cavenham; Lack-
. ford ; Bisby ; Lakenheath ; Wangford ; Brandon and

Barnham : — Mildenhall, Hb. Elk. : — Stanton, Hb. Cas. : —
Wall of the Churchyard, Fornham St. Martin, Sir C.J.F.B.
: — Bisby, C.13. : — Thurston, Hb. Sk. : — Bury, Sir J. Cullum
• in Hb. Wils. :— West Stow and Tuddenham, H. & 8. :— on a-
wall at Barton Mills, and Santon Downham, Sk. ms. : — near
Elveden Hall, A.B.

2. Nayland and Wiston.

4. Wortham, Collins.

5. Sudbourne, Crabbe.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

5. A. perfoliata, Lam. Perfoliate Rock Cress.

Bab. Man. 27. Hook. St. Fl. 27. H.&S.6. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Hist. Wher. Galp. 50.

Erect herbaceous biennial ; well distributed through
the County, though not usually plentiful in one spot ;
by hedges. May to July.

1 . Fakenham 1 1 ; Troston ; Honington ; Sapiston ;
Eushford and Wangford : — Pakenham, Herb. Dun. : — Thur-
ston, Hbb. Rk. & Sk. :— Rougham, Hb. Blk. :— Roadside be-
tween Barton and Rougham, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Knettishall,
E.F.L. ; Euston. Sk. ms.

2. Bures ; Wiston and Stoke-by-Nayland.

3. Flixton, Woodward:— Homersfield, H.B.C. :— be-
tween Homersfield and St. Cross, Galp.

4. Stuston, Collins : — Westleton, Ms. Davy : — Farn-
ham, Crabbe :— Sweffling, E.N.B. & T. W. G. :— Dunwich,
Davy.

47

5. Sudbourne, Herb. Cas. : — Gt. Bealings, Moor: — Bel-
stead, W.L.N. : — between Woodbridge and Ipswich ; near
Kesgrave, Crabbe : — Wherstead, Haward.
First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Cardamine, Linn.

Jl. C. impatiens, Linn. Narrow-leaved Bitter Cress*,
Bab. Man. 28. Hook. St. Fl. 28. H. & S. 7.
Annual ; usually found on damp rocks or walls.

May to September.

1. Bury, Hb. Sk. : — 'a few Plants appear every year
in a shady damp corner of the Botanic Gardens,' H. <& S..
Not seen recently.

First record 1860. E. Skepper.

2. C. flexuosa, With. C. silvatica, Link..

Zigzag Bitter Gress.

Bab. Man. 28. Hook. St. Fl. 28. Top. Bot. Suff. E.
Small annual ; found in woods and shady places. A
segregate from 0. hirsuta. Usually on heavy soils.

April to September.

2. Nayland 1 1 Long Melford ; Polstead and Wiston.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — near Wortwell Mill, in a
Copse, Suffolk side, Holmes.

5. Bentley ||.

First notice 1844. Rev. E. N. Bloomfield.

3. C. hirsuta, Linn. Hairy Bitter Cress.

Bab. Man. 28. Hook. St. Fl. 28. H. & S. 7. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Galp. 50. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Small annual ; in damp (not wet) soil, or in shade.

April to August-
Frequent in all the districts.
First notice 1597. Gerarde.

4. C. pratensis, Linn. Lady's Smock. Cuckoo Flower-

Bab. Man. 28. Hook. St. Fl. 28. Hist. Fram. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 50.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; very frequent in moist
pastures and meadows. May-

In all the districts.

48

Var. floreplens, Woolpit 1 1 , F. ; Hitcliam, Hb. Hens.,
-and Framlingham, Crabbe: — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. ; pro-
liferous form, Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.
First notice 1597. Gerarde.

5. C. amara, Linn. Common Bitter Cress.

Bab. Man. 28. Hook. St. Fl. 28. H. & S. 6, 7. Hist. Fram.
iTIist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 50.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent on banks of rivers and
water courses, with a preference for heavy soil. May, June.

1. Harleston and Tuddenham : — West Stow, Hb. Rk. :
— ^-Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. : — between Buxhall and Stowmarket,

Hb. F. :— The Lark, Barton Mills, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Ickling-
ham, W. J. : — Fornham St. Martin, Blackett : — Lackford,
Mrs. Oarss. : — Rattlesden, Sk. ms. : — Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum :
— -Fornham All Sts., Blackett.

2. Nayland 1 1 ; Kersey ; Polstead and Wiston : — Mel-
ford, J.F.W. :— Lavenham, Dr. White :— Sudbury, J.8.H. :
— Brent Eleigh, Mrs. Terry.

3. Beccles, Crabbe : — Bungay, Woodward : — Oulton,
McAub. : — Banks of Waveney, Holmes.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Syleham, Holmes :— Wey-
bread, Rev. H. Tilney.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Ufford, Crabbe: — Greeting,
Sk. ms. : — Wherstead, Haward : — Bosmere, Miss. Jeffes : —
.Sproughton, Mrs. Terry.

First record 1597. Gerarde.

Hesperis, Linn.

*1. H. matronalis, Linn. Dame's Violet, Rocket.

Bab. Man. 29. Hook. St. Fl. 31.

A tall, handsome and fragrant biennial (with double
flower perennial) ; a native of pastures, but only a stray in
Suffolk ; rare. May, June.

1. Kattlesden, completely naturalized ; extends a long
way by the edge of the brook there 1 1, Mrs. Parker : — Paken-
ham, Hb. Blk. : Bradfield, Hb. Lij.

3. Browston, once found, D. Turner.
First notice 1805. Dawson Turner.

49

Sisymbrium, Linn.

1. S. offidnale, Scop, Common Hedge Mustard.

Bab. Man. 29. Hook. St. Fl. 30. H.&S.7. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Sufi:. E. and W. Galp. 51.

A very common annual weed, which formerly had
considerable reputation as a therapeutic ; waste ground.

June, July.
In all the districts.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[*S. polyceratiTlHL, Linn. Many-podded Hedge

Mustard.
Bab. Man. 29. Hook. St. Fl. 30. H. & S. 7. Hist. Bury.

A small annual, which for many years found a home in
School-lane, Northgate Street, and other parts of Bury.
Believed to have been introduced by Dr. Goodenough. The
Botanist's Guide, 1805, gives the following account of it :
' This Plant was about 20 years ago thrown out of the gar-
den of the late Eev. Mr. Laurent, but now grows in great
quantity about Bury, and is perfectly naturalized.' Recent
searches for the Plant have been fruitless.

1. Cannon Place, Bury St. Edmunds, Hbb. Sk. & Elk. ;
also Sir T. G. Cullum.

First notice about 1785 ; last published notice, H. & S.
I860.]

2. S. Irio, Linn. London Rocket.
Bab. Man. 29. Hook. St. Fl. 29.

Annual herb ; rare. July, August.

1. Bury, SirJ. Cullum: — Gazeley, Rcv.F.Tearle', who
says, ' I found two plants of this species in my field at
Gazeley, growing on the edge of a heap of burnt ashes, Sep.
3rd, 1878. My man unfortunately destroyed them while I
was from home, and before I could save the seed.'

Earliest notice 1773 ; latest record 1878. Sir J. Cullum.

[S. pannoniCTim, Jacq. Hungarian Hedge Mustard.

Bab. Man. 30. Hook. St. Fl. App. 529.

Herbaceous plant of Mid-Europe ; a rare stray in Eng-
land. Blossoms in May to July.

50

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk.

Only record about 1861.] E. Skepper.

3. S. Sophia, Linn. Flixweed*

Bab. Man. 29. Hook. St. Fl. 29. H.&S.7. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 51. Top. Bot. Suff . B. and W.

Tall feathery annual, widely distributed in Suffolk ; it
prefers a light soil. June to August.

1. Honington|| ; Bardwell ; Wangford ; Lakenheath ;
Brandon ; Elveden : — Cavenham, Icklingham, Tuddenham,
and Eriswell, C.B. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Gazeley,
Rev.F.Tearle : — Pakenham, Hb.Cas. : — Barningham, E.F.L. :
— Bury, Sir J. Cullum : — Fornham, Sk. ms. : — Thetford and
Santon Downham, Norgate.

2. Bures, C.B. :— Wixoe, Herb. F. :— Semer, H.<£S.

3. Gorleston; Kessingland and Covehithe: — Pakefield,
Dr. Trimen:— Fritton, E.N.B. :— Belton, Pliyt. N.S. 1862 :
— Homersfield, H.B.C. :— St. Olaves, C.A.W. :— Bradwell,
H. G. Glaspoole inHb. Geld.

4. Dunwich and Walberswick: — Gt.Glemham,E'.jV..B.
: — Weybread and Mendham Priory, H. B. C.

5. Hollesley : — Baylham, Herb.F.: — Felixstowe : —
Blaxhall, E.N.B. : — Stoke, Ipswich, Haward : — Barking,
•Mb. Jeffes : — Bramford, I.S. Soc.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. S. thalianum, Gaud. S.Thaliana, Hook. Thale Cress.

Bab. Man. 29. Hook. St. Fl. 29. H.&S.6. Hist. Fram.
-Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Galp. 50. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Small annual ; frequent on light soil and on walls.

April to October.

1. Honington [ | ; Troston 1 1 ; Brandon ; Elveden ;
Thetford ; Fakenham and Ixworth Thorpe : — Mildenhall,
Hb. Blk. :— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :
— Culford Heath, Gray : — Fornham and Nowton, H. & S. :
— Bury and Hardwick, Hb. Wils.

2. Wiston to Polstead :— -Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : —
Cockfield, W. J. :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Burgh Castle, Phyt. N.S. 1862.

4. Dunwich ; Walberswick and Westleton : — Gt.
Glemham, E.N.B. : — Brockford, H b. Peck : — Palgrave,,
Collins.

51

5. Orford ; Bentley ; Stutton and Walton : — Gt. Beal-
ings, Moor : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Wherstead, Haivard :
— Bosmere, Ms. Jeffes : — Ipswich, I. S. Soc.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Alliaria, Adam.

1. A. of&cinalis, Andrzj. Sisymbrium Alliaria. Scop.
Sauce Alone, Jack-by -the-hedge.

Bab. Man. 30. Hook. St. Fl. 30. H. & S. 7. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Fram. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 51.

Herbaceous biennial ; frequent in copses and by hedges.

May, June.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

Erysimum, Linn.
1. E. ch.eiranthoid.es, Linn. Wall-flower

Treacle Mustard.

Bab. Man. 30. Hook. St Fl. 31. H. & S. 7. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Galp. 51. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Erect herbaceous annual or biennial, plentifully distri-
buted throughout the County, and likely more frequent than
in last century. Sir J. Cullum speaks of it as if it were a
rare plant in his time. * June 4," 1774. My brother sends
me word that he found this in a plantation at Cavenham.'
It is still a rare plant in other parts of Great Britain, es-
pecially in the North. Native of the Fens, C.C.B.

June to September.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Barton Mills ; Icklingham ; Laken-
heath ; Troston ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Bardwell ; Market
Weston and Thelnetham : — ' Mildenhall, not uncommon on
peaty soil, often very abundant on land lately reclaimed -
from the Fen,' Sir C.J.F.B. : — Qavenham, Hb. Cas. : — Bar-
ton, Hb. Blk. ; Bury, Hb. 8k. ; Pakenham, Hb. Rk. ; Wai-
sham, Hb. Dun. ; Gazeley, Bev. F. Tearle : — Barningham,
J$.F.L. : — Elveden, Mr. Newton, Dill. Ray. : — Harleston and
Wetherden :— Tuddenham, C. Rose in Hb. Wils.
,. 2. Naylandand Long Melford :— Cockfield, C.B. :—
Hitcham Hb. Hens. :— Thurlow, Hb. JF.

52

8. Belton and Benacre : — Pakefield, E.Sk. : — Bungay,
Sir J. Cullum : — Beccles, Crabbe : — Haleswortli, D. Turner.

4. Kedgrave and Botesdale ; Cookley and Westleton : —
Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Burgate, Aslijicld :— Yoxford, Davy:
— Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Aldeburgh : — Grundisburgli, T.H. : — Ipswich, Dr.
Smith: — Wherstead, Haward: — Brantham, C.B.

Earliest notice 1724. Newton in Dillenius.

[E. orient ale, R. Brown. Oriental Worm-seed.

Bab. Man. 30. Hook. St. Fl. App. 529.
A foreign annual introduced with seed. May to July.

2. Plentiful in a clover-field at Nayland||, Gray.

5. ' Cliffs at Bardsey, near Orford,' D. Dale, Dill. Ray.
First record 1724 ; last notice 1881. Dale in
Dillenius.]

Brassica, Linn.

1. IB. oleracea, Linn. Wild Cabbage.
Bab. Man . 30. Hook. St. Fl. 31. Hist. Yarm.

Biennial herb ; usually on sea cliffs, especially chalk ;
very rare in Suffolk. June to August.

3. Pakefield, Prof. Cowell.
5. Felixstowe ||.

Earliest notice 1870 ? Prof. Cowell.

2. IB. campestris, Linn. Navew, Turnip.

Bab. Man. 31. Hook. St. Fl. 32. H. & S. 8. Hist. Yarm.
Cyb. Br. Supp.

Biennial herb ; by rivers and in fields ; its cultivated
forms (turnip and rape) are staple products of the farm and
garden. July to August.

1. Fakenham ; Bardwell ||, and Hb. Bile. :— Nowton,
Hb. Ly.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

4. Darsham : — Stuston, Collins.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor : — near Orford, Ms. Davy.

Var. b. B. Rapa, Linn. Turnip. ...

Bab. Man. 31. Hook. St. Fl. 32. Hist. Yarm.
1. Sapiston : — Pakenham, Hb.Blh.: — Stowlangtoft, „
Hbb. Dun. <& Rk. :— Bury, Hb. Wils.

53

2. Stoke -by-Nayland.

4. Dunwich ||.

5. Ipswich || ; Needham Market : — Gt. Beatings, Moor*.

Var. c . 13. Napus, Linn. Rape.

Bab. Man. 31. Hook. St. FL 32. Hist. Yarm.

1. Fakenliam || ; Honington and Ixwortli Thorpe : —
Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Gt. Welnetham, Hb. Ly.

2. Nayland || and Stoke.

3. Oulton.

4. Westleton||.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor.

B. Piutabaya, DC. The common swede is frequent
as a remnant of cultivation.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Si nap is, Linn.

1. S. nigra, Linn. Brassica nigra, Koch. Black

Mustard.

Bab. Man. 31. Hook. St. Fl. 32. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. H.&S.8.

Large annual ; by river banks and near the sea.

June to August.

1. Haughley|| :— Barton, H b. Blk. :— Hardwick, Hb. SJc.
: — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Dun. : — Mar-
ket Weston, E.F.L. :— Bury, H. & S.

2. Nayland and Stoke.

3. Belton ; Gorleston and Lowestoft : — Gorton, Sk. ms.

4. Blythburgh ; Dunwich ; Walberswick and Wen-
liaston ; Thorpe : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Bramford || ; Bentley ; Bawdsey ; Orford ; Aide-
burgh ; Felixstowe and Ipswich : — Grundisburgh, T.H . : —
Bergholt, H. <& S. :— Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest notice 1831. Mrs. Casborne.

2. S. arvensis, Linn. Brassica Sinapis, Visiani.

Charlock.

Bab. Man. 31. Hook. St. Fl. 33. H.&S.8. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wrier. Top. Bot. Surf. E. and W. Galp. 51.

A troublesome annual weed, too common among the
crops and in waste places. June to August-

54

Very common in all the districts.
First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

1"3. S. alba, Linn. Brassica alba, Boiss. Whit

Mustard.

Bab. Man. 31. Hook. St. Fl. 33. H. & S. 8.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual herb of cultivation, producing our table mustard,
strays of which are not infrequent. June, July.

1. Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Milden-
hall, J.T.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Lowestoft, 8k. ms.

4. Westleton||; Thorpe.

5. Claydon ; Orford : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Aide-
burgh, Hb. Jeffes.

First notice 1832. Mrs. Casborne.

[4. S. incana, Linn. Brassica adpressa, Boiss,

Hoary Mustard.

Bab. Man. 31. Hook. St. Fl. 33.

Biennial weed accidentally sown with other seeds, as
Lucerne and Sainfoin. July to August,.

1. Euston || ; Bardwell.

Earliest notice 1884. Hind.]

[Erucastrum, Schimp. and Spenn.

E. Pollictlii, Schimp. and Spenn. Brassica Erucastrum,

Vill.

Hook. St. Fl. App. 529.

Annual weed, evidently a stray ; a single plant on the,

.grassy road- side near a park. April to October.
1 . Brandon || ; — Newmarket, on Race-course, W.J. Crmx^
1885. Hind.]

Diplotaxis, DeCand.

1. D. tenuifolia, DC. Fine-leaved Wall Mustang

Bab. Man. 32. Hook. St. Fl. 34. H. & S. 7. Top. Bot. Suff.
B. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on old walls ; not common.

July to September*

55

1. Brandon.

8. Lowestoft, Dr.Trimen: — Gorleston, W. J. : — Gor-
ton, W. Winter, Phyt. N.S. 1862 :— St. Olave's Bridge, H.dS*

4. Dunwich, W. J. & E.N.B.

5. St. Nicholas, Ipswich || ; Woodbridge.
First notice 1857. Sir C. J. F. Bunbury.

2. D. HlTiralis, DC. Sand Mustard*

Bab. Man. 32. Hook. St. Fl. 33, 34. H. & S. 8. Top. Bot. Suff.
E. and W. Galp. 51.

Annual ; not very frequent ; roadsides and waste
places. Spreads freely at times on the gravel of railroads. .

August, September.

1. Brandon || ; West Eow || ; Haughley ; Higham and
Honington: — Bury, Hb. Sk.: — Norton, J. Rasor: — Saxham,
E. 8. Marshall.

2. Long Melford :— Cockfield, W. J.

8. Gorleston and Beccles : — Bungay, Cyb. Br. : — Carl-
ton Colville, Dr. Trimen : — Lowestoft, Sk. ms. :— Kirkley,
H.D.a.inHl). Geld. :— Southwold, J.H.G. :— Oulton, McAub*

4. Redgrave and Eye ; Thorpe.

5. Ipswich Docks ; Landguard Fort and Woodbridge :
— Felixstowe, C.B. :— Aldeburgh, E.N.B. :— Wherstead, Ha-
ward : — Bank of Gipping, Ipswich 1.8. Soc.

b. D. Babinatonii.

1. Honington : — Higham, E. S. Marshall.

5. Ipswich.

First notice 1847. C. H. Watson.

[Berteroa, DeCand.

33. incana, DC. Alyssumincanum, Linn,

Hoary Berteroa.
Hook. St. Fl.
A stray accidentally introduced.

1. Culford Heath, Gray.

2. Nayland]].

Earliest notice 1878. Eev. J. D. Gray.]

Alyssum, Linn.

*1. A. Calycinum, Linn. Large calyxed Madwort.

56

Bab. Man. 32. Hook. St. Fl. 36.

Annual ; an occasional stray in cornfields. May, June.

1. Cloverfield at Woolpit ||, Hb. F. Mrs. French.

"*A. maritinmm, Linn. Seaside* Madwort.

Bab. Man. 32. Hook. St. Fl. 36. H. & S. 8. Hist. Yarm.

Procumbent sweet-scented perennial, apparently natur-
alized in some spots near the sea. August, September.

3. Hopton || : — ' Naturalized in Breydon Marshes,*
Paget.

5. Felixstowe, Dr. Taylor : — Landguard Fort, TF.L.AT. :
— Aldeburgh Beach, Sk. ms.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

Draba, Linn.

1. D. verna. Linn. Eropltila vulrjaris. DO.

Vernal Whitlow-nrass.

Bab. Man. 33. Hook. St. Fl. 35. H. & S. 8. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E, and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 50.

A small annual ; plentiful on banks and walls, es-
pecially on light soil. May, June.

Frequent in all the districts.

A large form, probably D. liirtella or D. spathulata,
occurs at Honington, and also at Felixstowe.

D. brachycarpa. I. Thetford Heath, A. B. : — Milden-
hall.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Cochlearia, Linnm

1. C. officinalis, Linn. Scurvy-grass.

Bab. Man. 33. Hook. St. Fl. 36, 37. H.[& S. 8. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous biennial ; chiefly on muddy sea-shores,
i Seemingly very rare in Suffolk.

3. South wold, Holmes : — Oulton Marshes, E. 8k.

5. Salt Marsh, Hollesley ; Catawade : — Aldeburgh,
Hb. F. : — Ramsholt, Sir J. Cullum : — Felixstowe, W.J. : —
Banks of Gipping, 8k. ms.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

57

2. C. danica, Linn. Danish Scurvy-grass.

Bab. Man. 33. Hook. St. Fl. 37. Top. Bot. Suff. E.
Herbaceous perennial ; on the sea-coast. May to Aug.

3. Benacre: — Southwold, Holmes: — accidentally at
Bungay, Stock.

4. Dunwich.

5. Felixstowe, || : — Aldeburgh, C.B. : — Ramsholt, Sir
J. Outturn :— near Woodbridge, H b. Sk. :— Orford, E.N.B. :
— near Landguard Fort, A.B.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3- C. anglica, Linn. English Scurvy-grass.

Bab. Man. 34. Hook. St. Fl. 37. Top. Bot. Suff. E. Hist. Yarm.
Annual ; on muddy sea-shores ; not common.

May to August.

3. Breydon Water || ; Carlton Colville :— Burgh Castle,
Wigg : — Southwold, Holmes.

4. Walberswick : — Snape, E.N.B.

5. Walton || : — Aldeburgh and Felixstowe, C.B. : — •
Orford, Hb. Cas. : — Ipswich, H b. Jeffes : — Wherstead, Ha-
ward : — Woodbridge, H b. Ly.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Armoracia, Eupp.

[A. rusticana, Eupp. Ctfchlearia Armoracia, Linn.

Horse Radish.

Bab. Man. 34. Hook. St. Fl. 37. H. & S. 8. Hist. Yarm.
Oalp. 50.

Perennial herb; a frequent escape from cultivation.

May.

1. Honington || ; Brandon; Bury; Fakenham ; Mil-
denhall ; Haughley and Wetherden : — Barton, Hb. Blk. : —
Pakenham, Hb. Cas.

2. Nayland :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Bank of Stour between
Thurlow and Wratting, Hb. F.

3. Gorton ; Gorleston ; Halesworth and Kessingland :
— Oulton Marshes, Sk.ms. : — Flixton, H.B.C.

4. Mendham, Galp.

5. Bawdsey : — Banks of Gipping, Ips. Fl.
Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.]

58

1. A. ampllibia, Koch. Nasturtium amphibiuni, R. Rrown.
Yellow Cress.

Bab. Man. 34. Hook. St. Fl. 25. H. & S. 6. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 49.

Perennial herb ; at the edge of rivers and pools ; not
frequent. June to August.

1. Ampton || ; Bardwell || ; Honington ; Fakenham
Wood ; Santon Downham : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. : — Wool-
pit, J. Piasor : — Fornham All Sts., Hb. Sk. : — Fornham St.
Martin, H. & S. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Bradfield,
Hb. Ly.

3. Bungay, H. <& S. : — Lowestoft Denes, G-. Clowes in
Hb. Geld.'

4. Redgrave Fen : — Framlingham, E.N.B. : — Thwaite,
Hb. Peck : — Syleham, (E.A.H.) Galp. : — Burgate ; between
Eye and Hoxne, E. S. Marshall.

5. Wherstead, Haward : — Bramford, Miller.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[Camel ina, Crantz.

C. sativa, Linn. Gold of pleasure.

Bab. Man. 34. Hook. St. Fl. 37. H. & S. 8.
Annual ; an occasional stray in flax or corn-fields.

1. Oat-field, Barton, near the ' Holy House,' Hb. Blk.
and Sir C.J.F.B. :— Lakenkeath Field by Wangford, With.
and Eagle.

2. Cockfield ||, C.B.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. :— Belton, Phyt. N.S. 1862. :—
Burgh Castle, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

5. Ramsholt and Woodbridge, Holmes.
. Form b. 4. Lit. Bradley, Hb. F.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.]

Thlaspi, Linn.

1. T. arvense, Linn. Penny Cress..

Bab. Man. 35. Hook. St. Fl. 40. H. & S. 9. Hist. Bury.

Hist. Fram. Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Galp. 52. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Annual herb ; not infrequent in fields and road-sides,

with a preference for light soil. May to July.

59

1. Honington || ; Fakenham ; Hopton ; Troston and
Brandon : — Stanton, Hb. Ek. : — Barningham, E.F.L. : —
Fornham ; Haughley and Badwell Ash, Sir T. G. Cullum : — •
Norton, J. Rasor : — Tostock, Mrs. Terry : — Santon Down-
ham, Nonjate.

2. Nayland, Gray : — Hitcham, Sk. ins.

3. Lowestoft, Hb.Sk .:— Belton, D.Turner :— Pakefield,
Paget : — Bungay, Stock : — Southwold, W.J.

4. Blythburgh ; Walberswick : — Saxmundham, Piay :
Eicldnghall Sup. C.B. : — Botesdale, Hb. Elk. : — Framling-
ham, Crabbe : — Snape, H. & 8. : — Weybread, Galp.

5. Freston, W.L.N. :— Woolverstone, H.M.S. :— Wher-
stead, Haicard : — Aldeburgh, Hb. Jeffes : — Bentley and Hol-
brooke, Miller : — Ipswich, I.S. Soc.

Earliest record 1690. Ray.

Teesdalia, E. Broivn.

1. T. nudicaulis, /?. Brown. Xaked-tfcmmed Teesdalia.

Bab. Man. 30. Hook. St. Fl.'42. H. & S. 9. Hist, Bury.
.Hist. Fram. Galp. 52. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W: •

Small annual ; local on sandy heaths and pastures.

May, June.

1. Elveden || ; Troston || ; Barnham ; Thetford ;
Fakenham ; Haugliley : — Lackford, Hb. Ilk. : — West Stow,
Hb. Blk. : — Woolpit, Hb. F. : — ' Very frequent on the dry
open, sandy lands on the N. and E. of Mildenhall, Sir
C.J.F.B. :— Culford, Gray :— Culford Heath, Rev. G. E.
Lcathcs : — about Bury, Woodward: — Cavenham; Icklingham;
Tuddenham, Sk. vis. : — Santon Downham and Brandon,
Norgate.

' 3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. :— Belton ; Fritton, Wity :—
Henham, Dan/ : — Bungay, Stock : — Southwold, Holmes : —
Homersfield Heath, H.B.C.

4. Dunwich ; Westleton : — Framlingham ; Leiston,
Crabbe : — Sweffling, E.N.B. : — Snape, Hele : — Stuston Com-
.mon, Collins: — Walberswick, J.H.G.

5. Aldeburgh and Orford, Crabbe : — Blaxhall, E.N.B.:
—Greeting, Hb.Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

60

[Iberis, Linn.

1. I. amara, Linn. Candytuft.

Bab. Man. 36. Hook. St. Fl. 41.

A showy annual ; found in dry and chalky fields ;
likely only a stray from cultivation in Suffolk. July, Aug.

1. Honington || :— Barton, H b. Elk. :— Walsham, Hb.
Dun. : — Cavenham, C.B.

2. Gt. Thurlow, Hb. F.

Earliest record 1847. Mrs. Dunlap ]

Lepidium, Linn.

[T|. Draba, Linn. Hoary Pepperwort.

Bab. Man. 36. Hook. St. Fl. 40. H. & S. 9.
Herbaceous perennial ; accidentally introduced in gar-
dens, fields, and roadsides. May, June.

1. Fornham St. Martin || : — Lee's fields and Bisby-
gate road, Bury, Hb. d ms. 8k.

2. Cockfield, W. J.

5. Landguard Fort, Gray ; Coddenham, F. Fox.
Earliest notice 1859. E. Skepper.]

2- L. campestre, R. Brown. Field Pepperwort.

Bab. Man. 36. Hook. St. Fl. 40. H. & S. 9. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Biennial herb ; usually in dry soil, on banks.

June to August.

1. Fakenham ; Bury, 8k. ms.

2. Nayland ; Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Benacre ; Gorleston; Hopton ; Eushmere; Lowes-
toft, Hbb. Blk. 8k. ; Bungay, Stock :— Southwold, Hb. Ly. :—
Kirkley, H.D.G. inHb. Geld.

4. Westleton ; Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. ; Huntingfield,
Holland ; Framlingham, Crabbe : — Oakley, Collins : — Yox-
ford, Ms. Davy.

First notice 1696. Lawson in Eay.

3. Ti. Smitllii, Hook. Smith's Pepperwort.

Bab. Man. 36. Hook. St. Fl. 40. H. & S. 9. Hist. Yarm~
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 52.

61

Biennial herb, growing on hedge-banks ; rare.

June to August*

2. Hitcham, Hb.Hens.

3. Browston, Rev. G. E. Leathes : — Lowestoft, E. Sk. i
— Flixton, (E.A.H.) Galp.

5. Coddenham, on a bank, F. Fox.
First notice 1834. Kev. G. R. Leathes.

[L. sativum, Linn. Common Cress*

Bab. Man. 37. Hook. St. Fl. App. 529.

A sapid annual much in repute for salads, occurring
occasionally as a stray. June, July*

1. Honington|| : — Fields near Bury, Hb. Wils.
Earliest notice 1833. Hb. Wilson.]

3. L. mderale, Linn. Narrow-leaved Pepperwort.

Bab. Man. 37. Hook. St. FL 39. H. <k S. 9. Hist. Tarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual ; in waste places near the sea. May, June.

3. Southtown || :— Burgh Castle, W.J. & W. Winter
Phyt.N.S. 1862 :— Lowestoft, Hb. 8k. :— Southwold, Holmes,

4. On a heap of gravel at the Railway Station, Eye||,
likely from the coast : — Blythburgh, Holmes.

5. Catawade || ; Woodbridge ; Ipswich and Landguard
Fort :— Felixstowe, C.B : — Walton Ferry and Aldeburgh,
H.&S.: — Brantham, Sk.ms.: — Marshes by Aldeburgh,
Woodward.

Earliest notice 1724. Dillenius.

4. L. latifolium, Linn. Dittander.

Bab Man. 37. Hook. St. Fl. 39. H. & S. 9. Hist. Yarnu
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Large perennial herb ; native of salt marshes ; rare.

July, August*

4. At Blythburgh, in the road from Beccles to Sax-
mundham, and also at Snapebridge just after crossing the
Ore, Dill. Ray., Herb. Ox. & E.N.B.

5. Ipswich Docks || : — Banks of Orwell, Ips. Fl. : —
Reed pond above Stokebridge, Ipswich, in Hb. Benn., ColL
W. L. Notcutt.

Earliest notice 1775. Pitchford.

62

Capsella, Vent.

1. C. Bursa-pastoris, DC. Shepherd's Purse.

Bab. Man. 37. Hook. St. Fl. 38. H. & S. 9. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 51.

Annual ; growing nearly everywhere ; and in blossom
nearly throughout the year.

Very common in all the districts.

There is an interesting form in Hb.Wils. from the Marsh.
Meadows, Bury ; having no radical rosette of leaves, height
7 to 9 inches, branched slightly near the base, stem and
branches rather leafy, leaves sagittate, stem clasping, ap-
pressed, silicles very minute, one line long and broad. It is
entered as Lepidium campestre, which it resembles.
The following varieties occur :

b. minor, DC. Honington || and Barnham,

c. integrifolia, DC. Honington || ; Hitcham, Hb.Hens.

d. coronopifolia, DC. Honington || ; Fakenham ; Bar-
ton Mills.

Senebiera, Pers.

1. S. CoronopUS, Poiret. Swine's Cress.

Wart Cress.

Bab. Man. 37. Hook. St. Fl. 39. H. & S. 9. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Galp. 51. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Decumbent annual ; frequent on waste ground.

June to September.

1. Honington || ; Ixworth; Haughley: — Bury, Hb. Sk.i
— Pakenham, Hb. Cas.

2. Melford and Nayland ; Stoke-by- Clare : — Cockfield,
C.B. : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Beccles ; Southtown || ; Kessingland : — Lowestoft,
E. 8k.

4. Botesdale ; Burgate ; Walberswick and Westleton.

5. Aldeburgh ; Stutton : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : —
Ooddenham, F. Fox : — Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[2. S. didyma, Pers. Small Wart Cress.

Bab. Man. 38. Hook. St. Fl. 39.
A South and West coast annual ; on waste ground.

63

Most unlikely to occur in Suffolk. Dr. Babington found &
similar stray at Yoxhall 'Lodge, Staffordshire.

2. Rede, Hb. Turn. Probably an error as to locality.]

Isatis, Linn.
|I. tinctoria, Linn. Woad.

Bab. Man. 38. Hook. St. Fl. 43. " Suffolk," Winch, without
locality.

A casual on waste land ; rare. May to July.

1. Eisby, May and June 1876, and June 1877, C.B.
and W.J.

5. Coddenham, T.B.

Earliest record 1835. Winch.

Cakile,

1. C. maritima, Scop. Purple Sea Rocket.

Bab. Man. 38. Hook. St. Fl. 43. H.&S.10. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual ; frequent on sandy shores. June to Septr.

3. Lowestoft || ; Kessingland to Covehithe: — South-
wold, Ms. Davy : -Corton, Phyt. N.S. 1862 :— Pakefield,
8k. ms. : — Southwold, T. Martyn.

4. Dunwich : — Thorpe, Hele.

5. Aldeburgh ; Bawdsey ; Walton : — Felixstowe,
Miller :— Landguard Fort, T.W.Gr'.

Earliest record 1763. T. Martyn.

Cram be, Linn.

1. C. maritima, Linn. Sea Kale.

Bab. Man. 38. Hook. St. Fl. 43. H. &S.10. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Formerly on the seashore, now believed to be extinct.

June.

3. Southwold, Hist. Southw.

4. Dunwich Beach, Ms. Davy : — Walberswick, F.
Spalding.

5. Aldeburgh, T.B.

First record 1805. Davy.

64

Raphanus, Linn.

1. R. Raphanistrtim, Linn. Radish.

Bab. Man. 38, 39. Hook. St. Fl. 44. H. & S. 10. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 52.

Annual ; occurring in corn-fields and waste places.

June to August.
Occasionally in all the districts.
First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. R. maritimilS, 8m. Sea Radish.

Bab. Man. 39. Hook. St. Fl. 44. Top. Bot. Suff. E. ?

H.&S.10.

Annual ; only on the sea-coast ; rare. June to Septr.

3. Gorleston ||.

4. Between Thorpe and Aldeburgh, H. d\ S.
First record 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

[Bunias, R. Brown.

33. orient alls, Linn. Oriental Bunias.

Shrubby herbaceous biennial, appearing as a casual in
a sandy pasture. June.

1. Elveden || 1882. Hind.]

RESEDACE/E.

Reseda, Linn.

1. R. llltea, Linn. Cut-leaved M'ujnonette.

Bab. Man. 39. Hook. St. Fl. 45. H. & S. 10. Top. Bot.

Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous biennial ; tolerably frequent on chalky soil,
and on the open sandy warren lands. June to August.

1. Honington || ; Brandon; Elveden; Cavenham ;
Barnham ; Euston ; Fakenham and Thurston : — Barton,
H b. Blk. :— Bury, Ms. Davy & Hb. Sk. :— Pakenham, Hb.
<Jas. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.1L :

65

— Culford Heath, Gray :— Thetford, F.T. :— Tuddenham,
E. Sk. :— Westley, H b. Wils. :— Tostock, Mrs. Terry :— San-
ton Downham, Nor gate.

2. Cockfield, W.J. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Long
Melford, J.F.W. :— Ruined walls, Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Pakefield, Dr. Trimen :— Lowestoft, E. Sk. : — Bun-
gay, F. Spalding: — Oulton, McAub.

4. Redgrave, G. J. Ashjield: — Friston, E.N.B. : — Dun-
wich, F. Spalding : — Brockford, Hb. Peck.

5. Coddeniiam, F. Fox: — Hemingstone,T.7?. : — Need-
ham Market, E. Clowes : — Woodbridge, H.M.S. : — Felixstowe,
C.B. : — Wherstead,flaw£ird: — Aldeburgh ; Sudbourne,^.JV; J5.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[B. SUffruticulosa, Linn. E. alba, Linn.

White Mignonette.

Bab. Man. 39. Hook. St. Fl. 45.

Herbaceous casual, occurring on waste or sandy land
near the sea. July, August.

3. Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen, 1859 :— Kirkley, H.D.G.in
Hb.Geld.-]

3. B. lllteola, Linn. Dyer's Weld.

Bab. Man. 39. Hook. St. Fl. 45. H. & S. 10. Top. Bot. Suff.
E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 52.

Tall erect biennial ; widely distributed, but not usually
in great quantity in any spot ; almost indifferent as to soil.

July, August.

Well represented in all the districts.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

CISTACE/E.

Helianthemum, Gcert.

3. H. VUlgare, Gart. H. Chamadstus, Mill.

Rock-rose.

Bab. Man. 40. Hook. St. Fl. 46. H. & S. 10. Top. Bot.

Suff. E ? and W.

66

Procumbent perennial shrub ; on dry heaths and banks ;.
not very frequent. July to September.

1. Bardwell||; Elveden || ; Brandon; Wangford: —
Thurston, Hb. Gas. : — Lit. Livermere, Gray : — Holywell
Row, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Denham, C.B. : — between Drinkstone
and Gedding, Herb. F. : — Newmarket Heath, Hb. Blk. : —
Bougham, W.J. : — Woolpit, F. : — Tuddendam and Saxham,
H. & 8. : — Ixworth, Hb. Jeffes : — Westley, Sk. ins. : — Santon
Downham, Norgate: — Eisby Heath, Hb.Wils.: — Tostock,.
Hl. Ly. : — Bury, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

2. Acton || :— Long Melford, J.F.W. :— Sudbury,
Fulcher.

3. Lowestoft, E. SJc.

4. Stuston Common, Collins.

5. Greeting, T.B. :— Coddenham, F. Fox :— Lit. Bla-
kenham, Dr. Taylor.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

VIOLACE>E.

Viola, Linn.

1. V. pallistris, Linn. Marsh Violet.

Bab. Man. 41. Hook. St. Fl. 47. Hist. Yarm. " Top. Bot.
SufE.E. Galp?52.

Herbaceous perennial found in bogs ; widely distributed
in Great Britain, yet seemingly confined to one district in
Suffolk. April to June.

1. Mildenhall? A plant so named in error in Hb.
Blk. No mention is made of V. palustris in Sir C. Bun-
bury 's list.

3. Lound and Fritton Broad : — ' Bogs at Lound Mill
and at Hopton,' Wigg : *— Marshes, Worlingham, R. E. Leach:
• — Belton, J. Priest in Hb. Geld. : — North of Benacre Broad,.
Hb. SJc. :— Herringfleet, E.N.B. :— Flixton, Galp ?.
Earliest record 1802. Wigg.

2. V. odorata, Linn. Sweet Violet*

Bab. Man. 41. Hook. St. Fl. 48. H. & S. 11. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 52.

Herbaceous perennial ; very frequent on hedge-banks .

67

and corners of fields. March, April.

Occurs in all the districts.
Var. V. alba, Bess., is tolerably frequent.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. "V". hirta, Linn. Hairy Violet.

Bab. Man. 42. Hook. St. Fl. 48. Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and on hedge-banks,
on chalky soil ; not frequent. April, May.

1. Sapiston || : — Langham, Hb. Dun. : — Newmarket
Heath, Hb. Cas. : — 'Munn's Road, Mildenhall,' Sir C.J.F.B. :
— Woolpit, F. : — Ickworth, Blackett : — Bury, Woodward :—
Hawstead, H. & S.

2. Acton ; Brettenham ; Hartest and Long Melford :
— Cockfield, C.B. :— Stoke-by- Clare and Lit. Thurlow, Hb.F.:
— Clievington, H. & S.

4. Wortham, Collins : — between Mellis and Wortham
Long Green ; North-end of Burgate Wood, E. S. Marshall.

5. Barking, T.B. :— Needham Market, E. Clowes.
First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. V. silvatica, Fries. V. Eiviniana, Reich.

Wood Violet.

Bab. Man. 42. Hook. St. PI. 48. H. & S. 11. ( V. canina).

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 53.

Herbaceous perennial ; very common in woods and on
hedge-banks ; often confounded with V. canina, L.

April, May.

The normal form V. Riviniana,, Reich., occurs commonly
in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

V. Reichenbaclliana, Bor. Reichenbach's Violet.

Bab. Man. 42. Hook. St. Fl. 49. Galp. 53.

Herbaceous perennial ; in shady places ; not common.

April, May.

1. Honington; Ixworth ; Hinderclay; North of Nor-
ton Church : — Troston Heath, Hb. Cas. : — Thurston Heath,
Cas. in Hb. Rk. : — Tuddenham Heath, W.J. : — Gazeley, Rev.
F. T carle : — plentiful about Welnetham and Hawstead, E.S.
Marshall :— Bradfield, Hb. Ly.

68

2. Stoke-by-Nayland.

8. St. Margaret's (E.A.H.), Oalp.
4. More general than silvatica about jMellis, Wortham,
and Burgate, E. S. Marshall.

First notice about 1830. Mrs. Casborne.

6. V. canina, Linn. D0g Violet..

Bab. Man. 43. Hook. St. Fl. 48. Hist. Yarm. Top Bot.1
Suff. E. and W. H. & S. 11.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy or heathy land.

April, May.

1. In a light chalky pasture at Elveden || : — open sandy
lands at Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Tuddenham, C. Rose in
Hb. Wils.

3. Denes at Lowestoft : — Bungay, H. <& S.
Var. V. lancifolia, Thore.

3. Denes at Lowestoft ||.
Earliest notice 1832. Kose.

8. V. lutea, Huds. Var. V. amcena, Byrne. j

Mountain Pansy.
Bab. Man. 44. Hook. St. FL 50.

Small herbaceous perennial, with underground stems,
flowers pale purple ; on stony heaths. Smaller than the
mountain form. June.

1. Barnham Heath || , Gray : — Santon
Earliest notice about 1860. Skepper.

9. V. tricolor, Linn. Pansy, Heartsease.

Bab. Man. 44. Hook. St. FL 49. H. & S. 11. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent on cultivated soil.

May to September.
Occurs in all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

V. arvensis, Murr. Field Pansy.

Bab. Man. 44. Hook. St. FL 49. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Galp. 53.

Herbaceous perennial frequent in corn-fields ; too con-
stant in character and too widely spread for a mere variety.

Included in V. tricolor in H. & S. May to September.

69

1. Honington|| ; Brandon; Barton Mills ; Tudden-
ham ; Troston ; Harleston and Wetherden : — Mildenhall,.
Sir C.J.F.B. :— Stowlangtoft,fiT&. Ek. :— Walsham,.H&.I>iw.

2. Nayland and Long Melford : — Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Benacre ; Kessingland and Gorleston.

4. Redgrave ; Blythburgh and Westleton : — Gt. Glem-
ham, E.N.B.

5. Clay don.

Earliest notice 1837. Mrs. French.

DROSERACE/E.

Drosera, Linn.

1. D. rotundifolia, Linn. Bound-leaved Sundew*

Bab. Man. 44. Hook. St. Fl. 150. H. & S. 33. Hist. Yarn.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small annual in bogs on Sphagnum ; not rare.

July, August.

1. Thelnetham : — near Eriswell Lode, Mildenhall,.
Sir C.J.F.B. : — Cavenham and Tuddenham, W.J. : — Laken-
heath, E. Sk.

3. Belton : — Fritton ; Somerleyton ; Lowestoft and
Benacre, E.Sk.

4. Redgrave Fen || ; Dunwich||: — Snape, E.N.B. : —
Westleton Moor, Ms. Davy : — Walfrerswick, J.H.G.

First record 1828. Davy.

2. D. intermedia, Hayne. Intermediate Sundew*

Bab. Man. 44, 45. Hook. St. Fl. 150. H. & S. 33. Hist. Yarm.1
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small annual in bogs ; occasionally, but not always, on
Sphagnum ; rare. July, August.

1. Tuddenham, Hb.Sk.: — Lakenheath, Sk.ms.: —
Thelnetham Fen, J.S.S.

3. Lound, Paget : — Beccles, Crabbe : — Beljbon and
Fritton, Wigg.

4. Redgrave Fen || : — Westleton, Ms. Davy.
First record 1805. Various, see E.G.

3. D. anglica, Huds. English Sundew*

70

Bab. Man. 45. Hook. St. Fl. 150. H. & S. 33. Top. Bot. Suff.
E.andW.

Herbaceous annual in bogs ; very rare. July, August.

1. Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. : — Mildenhall, in bogs, Sir
C.J.F.B. : — Lakenheath, H. & S. : — Thelnetham, J.S.S.

4. Eedgrave Fen, C. J. Ash ft eld.
First notice 1830. Hb. Wilson.

FRANKENIACE/E.

Frankenia, Linn.

1. F. laevis, Linn. Sea Heath.

Bab. Man. 45. Hook. St. Fl. 52. H. & S. 11. Top. Bot.

-Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on muddy sea-shores. August.

3. Southwold, Hbb. Elk. & Dun. :— Lothingland, Ray,
(now extinct in this locality).

4. Walberswick || :— Thorpe, Hele <& Sir C.J.F.B.

5. Felixstowe, W. H. Purchas : — Felixstowe Ferry,
l.S. Soc.

Earliest record 1696. Ray.

POLYGALACE/E.

Poly gal a, Linn.

1. P. VTllgaris, Linn. Common Milkwort.

Bab. Man. 46. Hook. St. Fl. 50. H.&S.18. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp 53.

Perennial herb, with woody root ; in dry heaths and
fens. June to September.

1 . Lakenheath ; Barnham ; Bisby ; Fakenham ;
Honington ; Hopton and Haughley : — Newmarket, Hb.Blk. :
— Stanton, Hb. Dun. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :— Tudden-
ham, E. Sk. :— Barton Mills and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :
— Hardwick, Hb. Wils. :— Bury, Hb. Ly.

2. Cockfield, W.J. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Long
Melford, J.F.W.

3. Belton and Lowestoft : — Corton, Phyt. N.S. 1362 :

71

— Benacre, E. Sk. : — Homersfield Heath, Galp.

4. Redgrave; Dunwich ; Westleton : — Yaxley, Sewell :
— Snape, E.N.B.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — Woolverstone, H.M.S. : —
"Wherstead, Hau-ard : — Rushmere Heath, 1. 8. Soc.

Var. P. oxyptcra, Reichb.
Bab. Man. 46. Hook. St. Fl. 51.

1. Euston || ; Knettishall Heath; Risby : — Milden-
hall Heath, H. G. GlasspooleinSb.Geld.

Var. P. depressa, Wender. P. serpyllacea, Weike.

Bab. Man. 46. Hook. St. Fl. 51,

1. Knettishall Heath || .

2. Thurlow, Hb. F.

Var. ' dliata,1 Lebel.

Bab. Man. 46. Hook. St. Fl. 51. Top. Bot. Suff. W.
1. Elveden :— West Suffolk, Artli. Bennett.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

CARYOPHYLLACE/E.

Dianthus, Linn.

2. D. Armeria, Linn. Deptford Pink*

Bab. Man. 50. Hook. St. Fl. 53. H.&S. 11. Top. Bot. Suff.
E. & W. Galp. 53.

Annual ; found on banks and waste places ; rare.

July, August*

1. Barton, Hb. Sk.

2. Sudbury, J.S.H.

3. Bungay|| : — ShipmeadowandMettingham ; between
Beccles and Bungay and St. Cross, Holmes : — Oulton, McAub
: — South of Lake Lothing and Lowestoft, E. Sk.

4. Mendham, H.B.C.:— Wetheringsett, Hb.Peck: —
Palgrave, Collins.

5. Coddenham, T.B. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes.
Earliest record 1828. Davy.

*3. D. plumarms, Linn. Common Pink-

Bab. Man. 50. Hook. St. Fl. 54.

72

Herbaceous perennial ; on old walls ; rare. June.

1. Formerly on the Abbey Walls, Bury, Hb. Wils.d
Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1834.

*4. D. Caryophyllus, Linn. Clove Pink.

Bab. Man. 50. Hook. St. Fl. 5*.

Perennial herb ; on old walls ; rare. July, August.

4. Walls of Crowe Hall, July 18. 1879, C.B.
Earliest notice 1879. Dr. Babington.

6. D. deltoides, Linn. Maiden Pink.

Bab. Man. 51. Hook. St. Fl. 53. H. & S. 11. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. ? and W.

Small perennial herb ; on sandy pastures ; almost con-
fined to one district of the County. June to September.

1. West Stow Churchyard and Heath 1 1 : — Icklingham,
Hbb. Blk. & Sk. :— Mildenhall, Hb. Dun. :— Livermere, Em.
H.James :— Tuddenham Common 1 1, W.J. :— Thetford Heath,
p. :— Culford Park, Gray :— Culford Heath, H. & S. :—
Brandon, Sk. ms.

5. On a sandy grassy hill, Coddenham, F. Fox? ?
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Saponaria, Linn.

*1. S. OfficinaliS. Linn. Soapwort.

Bab. Man. 51. Hook. St. Fl. 54. H. & S. 11, 12. Hist. Fram.
Hist Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 53.

Showy perennial herb ; generally near dwellings, in or
near hedges, and most probably introduced. Aug., Sept.

1. Elmswell and Ingham : — Mildenhall, Hb. Dun. :—
Tuddenham, Rev. F. Tearle : — Barningham, Hick. : — Santon
Downham, Nor (/ate.

2. Stoke-by- Clare : — Hedge-bank in Church-lane, Cock-
field, C.B. :— Kettlebaston, Dr. White:— Glemsford, J.F.W.i
— Lit. Thurlow, F.

3. Burgh Castle ||, Paget: — Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Gor-
leston, Phyt. : — Bungay, //. & 8. : — Herringfleet, Sk. m.s-. : —
Hedge near Beccles, F. Turner : — Flixton, H.B.C. : — Oulton,
McAub.

73

4. Glemham (flore plena), Hb.Cas.: — Snape, Hole : —
Framlingham, Crabbe : — Westleton, Yoxford, and Hacheston,.
Ms. Davy : — Walberswick, Holmes : — Eye, E. 8. Marshall.

5. Bawdsey: — Ipswich, Hb. F. : — Aldeburgh, and op-
posite Seekford Hospital, Woodbridge, Moor: — Barham,,
Trimmer: — Baylham, E. Clowes: — Bramford and Blakenham,
Dr. White : — Marlesford, E.N.B. : — Coddenham, F. Fox : —
Claydon, Hb. Wils. : — Brantham, Mrs. Browning, C.B. : —
Creeting, Miller : — Eyke, Ms. Davy : — Bramford, LS. Soc.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.
[$. vaccaria, Linn. Oulton, McAub. ; a casual.]

Silene, Linn.

1. S. gallica, Linn. S. anglica, Linru

English Catch- fly.

Bab. Man. 51. Hook. St. Fl. 55. H. & S. 12. Hist. Franu
Hist. Yarra. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Ruff. E. and W. Galp. 53.

Annual, growing on gravelly soil, especially near the
sea. June to October.

1. Honington : — Troston Heath Field, Hb. Gas : — Bar-
ton, Hb. Kk.: — Higham, W.J. : — Herringswell, F. Tearle: —
Shelland, J. Rasor : — Hopton, E.F.L. : — Westley ; Barrow
Bottom, Sir T. G. Cullum :— Tuddenham, H. & S.

3. Gorleston 1 1 ; Covehithe : — Lound, Wigg : — Brad-
well, D. Turner : — Bungay, Woodward : — Lowestoft, H. <t S.z
— Belton; Gorton and Gunton, E.Sk.: — Easton Bavent,
Holmes: — St. Margaret's (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Friston, Hele : — Framling-
ham, Crabbe: — Dennington, T.W.G. : — Farnham, Crabbe: —
Dunwich, Holmes.

5. Aldeburgh : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : —Woodbridge ;.
Button and Marlesford, Crabbe : — Holbrook, Haward.

Var. b. S. quinquevulnera, Linn.
Bab. Man. 51. Hook. St. Fl. 55. H. & S. 12.
1. Honington 1 1 ; a casual. 5. Sutton, Crabbe*

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[2. S. ruitans, Linn. Nottingham Catchfly*

Bab. Man. 51. Hook. St. Fl. 56.

74

Usually on limestone rocks ; only a casual on ballast in.
'Suffolk. June, July.

5. Ipswich Docks, 1885 1 1 . Hind.]

-"3. S. Otites, Sm. Spanish Catclifly.

Bab. Man. 52. Hook. St. Fl. 56. H. & S. 12. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial on the sandy soil of the Breck
^district. June to August.

1. Newmarket Heath, Mr. Sare in Howe's Pkyt. Br. : —
Fornham St. Martin, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Barnham 1 1 and
Elveden 1 1 : — Eisby Heath ; Tuddenham and Mildenhall,
O.B. : -Rushford Heath, Hb. F. :— Euston and Barton Mills,
F. : — Icklingham, E.l1 .L. : — Gravel pit at Worlington, Miss
Bullender :— Thetford, Hb. Sk. :— Culford Heath, Gray :—
West Stow, Gedge : — Cavenham and Eriswell, Sk. ms. : —
* Heath West of Icklingham Church, Sir J. Cullum, 1771,'
Dill Ray, Hort. Ox.-.— road- side from Barton Mills to Thet-
ford, Ray. — Brandon, Norgate.
First notice 1650. Sare.

4. S. inflata, 8m. S. Cucubalus, Wibel.

Bladder Campion, Whitebottle.

Bab. Man. 52. Hook. St. Fl. 55. H. & S. 12. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Galp. 53. Top. Bot. Puff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fields ; usually on light soil ;
frequent. June to A ,: ;,;>3t.

Plentiful in all the districts.

The Eev. J. D. Gray thinks that he found S. puberula,
Jord., at Nayland.

First notice 1774. Sir. J. Cullum.

•6. S. maritima, With. Seaside Campion.

Bab. Man. 52. Hook. St. Fl. 55. H. & S. 12. Top. Rot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; only on gravel and turf by the
sea-coast in Suffolk ; on alpine cliffs in mountainous dis-
tricts. June to August.

3. Lowestoft and Kessingland :^Southwold, Ms. Davy
<& W.J.

4. Dunwich and Walberswick.

5. Felixstowe 1 1 : — Landguard Fort, Hb. Blk. : — Alde-
turgh,.H7)&. Cas.Dun. &F. : — Ramsholt, Sir J. Cullum : — 'be-

75

tween Aldeburgli and Orford,' Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox.
Earliest notice 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

6. S. COnica, Linn. Conical Catchfly*
Bab. Man. 52. Hook. St. Fl. 55. H. & S. 12. Top. Bot..

Suff. W.

Annual ; frequent in parts of the Breck country, and
sandy portions of the N.W. district ; absent from most of the
other parts of the County. July, August*.

1. Culford Heath 1 1 ; Brandon; Elveden ; Thetford ;_
Barnham and Fakenham : — near Northgate Station, Bury,
O.B. :— Miidenhall, Hb. Blk. & Sir C.J.F.B. :— Barton Mills,
Hb. F. : — Eriswell and Lakenheath, A.B. : — Tuddenham
and Risby, W. J. : — Icklingham, H. & S.

5. Wherstead ?, Haward.

Earliest notice 1800. Sir J. E. Smith.

[Silene Catholic®, Ait., was found in the village of Great
Livermere, near Bury St. Edmunds, amongst the trees
separating the park from the grounds of the Parsonage.
George Wolsey. Phyt. N.S. ii. 220. It is well established in
a shrubbery at Southgate Green, Bury St. Edmunds.]

7. S. noctiflora, Linn. Night flowering Catclifly..

Bab. Man. 53. Hook. St. Fl. 56. Hist. Bury. Hist. Franv
Hifct. Yarm. Galp. 54. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual ; frequent in Suffolk, especially on light soils.

July, August.

1. Honington||; Culford Heath ; Risby; Livermere;
Fakenham; Sapiston; Elmswell; Harleston and Wetherden :
— Kennet, C.B. :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Hardwick, Hb. 8k. :
— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Rougham, Hb. Rk. : — Woolpit,
HI). F.— Miidenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Hawstead, Sir J. Cut-
to:— Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum \ — Hesset, Hb. Ly. :— Ing-
ham, Gray : — Barningham and Coney Weston, E.F.L. :—
Santon Downham, Nor gate : — Higham ; Barrow ; Thurston
and Welnetham, Sk. ms.

2. Long Melford :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Hitcham, Hb.
Hens.

3. Gorleston: — Herringfleet, D. Turner: — Bungay,Ms..
Davy : — St. Margaret's, Holmes : — Gorton, A.B. in Hb. Geld.

4. Redgrave and Botesdale : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. t:

76

— Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Stutton : — Wherstead, Haward.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Lychnis, Linn.

3. L. Flos-CTlCTlli, Linn. Ragged Robin.

Bab. Man. 53, 54. Hook. St. Fl. 57. H. & S. 12. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufiE. E. and W. Galp. 54.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; common in moist mea-
dows and in marshes. May, June.

Well represented in all the districts ; (var. flore plena at
Bardwell.)

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum. f

4. L. vespertina, Sibtk. L. alba, Mill.

White Campion.

Bab. Man. 54. Hook. St. Fl. 57. H. & S. 12. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff E. and W. Galp. 54.

Herbaceous biennial ? ; somewhat common in fields.
This and the following species are seldom found near
together. June to September.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

-5. L. cLiurna, Sibth. Red Campion.

Bab. Man. 54. Hook St. Fl. 57. H & S. 12. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 54.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; found in moist and shady
places ; tolerably common. May to July.

Occurs in all the districts.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

'6. L. GithagO, Scop. Corn Cockle.

Bab. Man. 54. Hook. St. Fl. 58. H. & S. 12. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wber. Galp. 54-

Large-flowered annual ; usually in corn-fields.

May to August.

Tolerably frequent in all the districts.
First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

77

Buffbnia, Linn.
r[B. tenuifolia, 8m.

Bab. Man. 54. Hook. St. Fl. 530.

Marshes near Yarmouth, Ms. Davy. Likely an error.
Only record 1828 ? Davy.]

Sag in a, Linn.

1. S. procnmbens, Linn. Procumbent Pearlwort.

Bab. Man. 54, 55. Hook. St. Fl. 66. H. & S. 13. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 55.

Small perennial ; frequent in waste ground.

May to September.
Distributed through all the districts.

Form S. maritima, Gren. non Don.
Bab. Man. 55.
3. Benacre.

Var. b. '8. spinosa, Gibs.
Bab. Man. 55. Hook. St. Fl. 66.
1. Honington.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. S. apetala, Linn. Apetalous Pearlwort.

Bab. Man. 55. Hook. St. Fl. 66,. H. & S. 13. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W.

Small annual ; on walls and dry soil. May to Septr.

1. Honington || ; Brandon; Euston ; Troston and
West Stow :— Barton, Herb. Blk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb.Rk. :—
Coney Weston, E.F.L.:— Bury and Tuddenham, E.Sk.:^
Lackford, Hb. Ly.

2. Clare ; Wixoe :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Gorton ; Gorleston ; Hopton and Kessingland : —
Lowestoft, E. Sk.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Felixstowe, W. H. Purchas : — Wherstead, Howard.

Form b. 8. prostrata, Bab.
Bab. Man. 55.

1. Honington. 3. Hopton.

Earliest notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

78

3. S. Ciliata, Fries. Ciliate Pearlwort.,
Bab. Man. 55. Hook. St. Fl. 66. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W.
Small annual ; on sandy heaths ; rare. May to July.
1. Thetford, Newbould :— Coney Weston, E.F.L.\—>

Barnham Heath.

3. Covehithe || ; Lowestoft, C.O.B.
First record 1847. Newbould.

4. S. maritima, Don. Sea Pearlwort..

Bab. Man. 55. Hook St. Fl. 66. Hist. Yarm. H. & S. 13.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Small annual ; on the sea-shore. May to Septr..

3. Gorleston, J. Backhouse : — Southwold, Holmes :— .
Lowestoft \\,Hb. F.

4. Walberswick 1 1 , Holmes. 5. Felixstowe, H.M.S..
Earliest notice 1810. Backhouse in Paget.

8. S. nodosa, E. Meyer. Knotted Spurry.

Bab. Man. 56. Hook. St. Fl. 67. H.&S.13. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small herbaceous perennial ; frequent in moist heaths
and marshes. July to September.

1. Brandon 1 1 ; Troston 1 1 ; Elveden ; Thetford ;
Ampton ; Lakenheath ; Knettishall ; Coney Weston ; Hop-
ton and West Stow: — Barton, Hb.Blk.: — Barton Mere,
Hb. Ek. :— Pakenham, Hb. Gas. :— Tuddenham, WJ. :—
near Barton Mills, MissBullender-. — Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :
• — Bury, Sir J. Cullum : — Cayenham, Sk. ms.

3. Benacre : — Lowestoft, Hb. SJc. :— Bungay, H. & S. :
• — Belton, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Wortham Green, C. J. Ashfield : — Benhall and Size-
well, H. & S.

5. Aldeburgh.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Honkeneja, EJirh.

1. H. peploides, Ehrh. Arenaria peploides, Linn.

Sea Purslane.

Bab. Man. 56. Hook. St. Fl. 65. H. & S. 13. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

79

Procumbent herbaceous perennial ; common on sandy
sea-shores. May to August.

3. Lowestoft 1 1 ; between Gorleston and Lowestoft ;
Kessingland; Covehithe: — Southwold, Hb. Dun. & T.Martyn.

4. Dunwich and Walberswick : — Thorpe, Hele.

5. Felixstowe :— Aldeburgh, Hb. F. & C.B. :— Orwell,
Hb. Blk. :— Landguard Fort, W.L.N. :— Eamsholt, Sir J.

•Cullum: — Brantham and Ipswich, C.B.: — Woodbridge,
Hb. Ly.

Earliest notice 1763. T. Martyn.

Alsine, WaM.

1. A. temiifolia, Wahl. Fine-leaved Sandwort.

Bab. Man. 57. Hook. St. Fl. 64. H.&S. 13. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff . W.

Small annual ; in sandy heaths and fields, also on
walls ; chiefly confined to the Breck district. May to July.

1. Fakenham 1 1 ; Barton Mills ; West Stow Heath ;
Thetford 1 1 and Troston 1 1 :— Eisby, C.B. :— Mildenhall, Sir
C.J. F.B. :— Abbey walls, Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Newmarket, Winch:
—between Thetford and Elveden, E.F.L. :— Westley, Blac-
kett : — Higham and Tuddenham, H. & S. : — Cavenham and
Coney Weston, Sk.ms. Tuesday, 1st June, 1773. — ' In and
near the large plantation of Scotch Firs, before you come to
Cavenham ; chalky and dry.'— Sir J. Cullum.

2. Thurlow, F. 5. Iken Common, Holnws.

Var. A. laxa, Jord.

Bab. Man. 57. Hook. St. Fl. 64.

1. Troston '|; Fakenham; Mildenhall: — Redneck
Heath, Thetford, Bot. Gaz. No. 1, 1849, fide Phyt. O.S., cv.
777, 1850 :— Herringswell ; Icklingham and Mildenhall,
Jas. Duthie, J. of B. IX, 271 :— near Lakenheath, A.B. 1876.

Var. A. hybrida, Jord.

Bab. Man. 57. Hook. St. Fl. 64.

1. Troston|| ;Mildenhall|| ; West Stow Heath :— Redneck
Heath, Rev. W. W. Ncwbould. Syme, E.B. 3rd Ed. 113, also
A.B. :— Thetford, Sir J. D. Hooker :— Icklingham and Elve-
den, E.F.L.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

80

Arenaria, Linn.

1. A. Trinervia, Linn. Three-veined Sand-wort...

Bab. Man. 57. Hook. St. Fl. 64. H. & S. 13. Hist. Fram.
Hist.Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp.

Small procumbent annual ; frequent in woods and shady
places. May, June.

In all the districts.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

2. A. serpyllifolia, Linn. A. spharocarpa, Tenore. ..
Thyme - leaved Sandwort .

Bab. Man. 58. Hook. St. Fl. 64. H.&S. 13. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 55.

Small annual ; very common on walls and in cultivated
fields. June to August.

In all the districts.

A. glutinosa, Koch.

1. Thetford||. 3. Aldeburgh.

Earliest record 1778. Sir J. Cullum.

3« A. leptOClad-OS, Guss. Slender -branched Sandwort.',

Bab. Man. 58. Hook. St. Fl. 64. Galp. 55.

Small annual ; until recently included in preceding
species ; frequent on walls and dry sandy soils.

June to August.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Sapiston ; Barnham Heath ; Euston;
Wangford ; Eriswell and Kennet : — Fornham, Ho. Blk. : —
Lakenheath, G. 0. Druce, Eec. Club, 1883.

2. Nayland :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Fritton and Kessingland : — Flixton, Galp.
5. Claydon ; Aldeburgh.

Earliest notice about 1830 to 40. Lady Blake.

Holosteum, Linn.

1. H. TlinbellatTini, Linn. Umbellate Holosteum.

Bab. Man. 58. Hook. St. Fl. 58. H.&S. 13. Hist. Bury*
Galp. 54.

Small annual ; on old walls and roofs ; very rare, or
extinct. April.

81

1. ' Bury, on the wall leading from May Water Lane
to Southgate Street. This is a plant not mentioned by any
author as growing wild in England, except by Gerard. I
have been since informed that it has been found growing on
the walls at Norwich. Friday, 23rd April, 1773.' Sir J.
Cullum. ' Formerly grew on thatched roofs just beyond the
railway station, Northgate, Bury,' H. & 8.

4. Eye, May, 1836, Hb. Cas. ' Plentiful on walls at
Eye,' A.B. ins. : — sparingly on the ruins at Hoxne Abbey,
Collins.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

S tell aria, Linn.

5. media, Vill. Ohickweed.

Bab. Man. 59. Hook. St. Fl. 62. H.&S.14. Hist. Tarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 55.

Annual ; very common in waste places and fields.

March to September.
In all the districts.

Var. b. S. Borccana, Jord.
Bab. Man. 59. Hook. St. Fl. 62.

1. Troston Heath || ; Elveden ; West Stow Heath ;
kvenham : — Icklingham, E. S. Marshall.
3. Lowestoft, E.F.L.

c. S. nealecta, Weihe.

Bab. Man. 59. Hook. St. Fl. 62.

1. Hopton || . 2. Polstead ; Stoke and Wiston.

d. S. umbrosa, Opitz. (Perennial.)
Bab. Man 59. Hook. St. Fl. 62.

1. Between Culford Heath and Bury, 6r. C. Druce.
First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. S. Holostea, Linn. Greater Stitcliwort.

Bab. Man. 59. Hook. St. Fl. 62. H. & S. 14. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. ^ Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 55.

Climbing herbaceous perennial ; common, especially on
clay soils, in hedge-banks. April to June.

Occurs in all the districts.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

82

4. S. glauca, With. S. palustris, Ehrlu

Glaucous Stitchwort.

Bab. Man. 59, 60. Hook. St. Fl. 62. H. & S. 14. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 55.

Herbaceous perennial, growing in marshes ; more fre-
quent in Suffolk than in most other Counties. May to July.

1 . Market and Coney Weston Fens ; Knettishall ;
Bardwell; Troston ; West Stow; Mildenhall; Lakenheath ;
Wangford and Brandon : — Icklingham, Blackett : — Caven-
ham, Sir. T. G. Cullum: — Fornham, Tuddenham, and San ton
Downham, Sk. ms. : — Eriswell, C.B.

3. Bungay :— Lowestoft, Hb. Elk. :— Belton, Phyt. X.S.
1843 : — Bradwell, D. Turner. A Glabrous form occurs at
Belton || .

4. Eedgrave Fen. 5. Wherstead, Hazard.
First notice 1776. Sir J. Cullum.

5. S. graminea, Linn. Lesser Stitclmort.

Bab. Man. 60. Hook. St. FL 62. H. & S. 14. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Sufi3. E. and W. Galp. 55.

Straggling herbaceous perennial ; common in pastures
and heaths. May to August.

In all the districts.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6. S. Tlliginosa, Murr. Bog Stitchwort,

Bab. Man. 60. Hook. St. Fl. 63. H. & S. 14. Hist. Fram
Hist, Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 55.

Small herbaceous perennial ; in ditches and moist
places. May, June.

1. Thetford|| ; Brandon; Wangford; Fakenham :
Honington ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Knettishall ; Troston : —
West Stow and Bury, H. A 8. :— Mildenhall, Sir G.J.F.B. ;
— Pakenham, Hb. Oas. : — Tuddenham, Sk. ms.

2. Nayland; Polstead and Wiston :— Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Bungay : — Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Benacre and Frit-
ton, 8k. ms. :— St. Olaves, C.A.W.

4. Redgrave Fen :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : Benhall
and Snape, H. d S. : — Framlingham, Crabbe: — WeybreacU
Galp.

5. Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1773. Sir. J. Cullum.

Malachium, Fries.

M. aquaticum, Fries. Stellaria aquatica, Scop.

Great duckweed.

Bab. Man. 60. Hook. St Fl. 61. H. & S. 14. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 55.

Large straggling herbaceous perennial ; on banks of
rivers and in boggy places. May, June.

1. Honington || ; Sapiston ; Bardwell ; Ixworth Thorpe;
Tuddenham ; Barton Mills and Mildenhall : — Fornham, H b.
Elk. : — Pakenkam, Hb. Gas. : — Walsham, Hb. Dun. : — Stow-
langtoft, Hb. Bk.: — Gt. Finborough, Lady Pettiward: — Hop-
ton, E.F.L. :— Woolpit, J. Easor :— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :—
Bury and Lackford, H. d- S. : — Ickworth, Sk. ms.

2. Nayland :— Cockfield, W. J. :— Gt. Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Bungay ; Beccles :— Flixton, H.B.C.

4. Mellis and Wortham :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :—
Framlingham, Crabbe: — Badingham, T.W.G.: — Mendham
and Weybread, H.B.C.

5. Trimley, Trimmer: — Bergholt, Dr. White: — Wher-
id, Haicard.

Earliest notice 1772. Sir J. Cullum.

Cerastium, Linn.

C. glomeraturn, Thuil. Common Mouse-ear.

Bab. Man. 60, 61. Hook. St. Fl. 59, 60. Hist.Yarm. Top.
)t. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 54.

Annual weed ; common on banks and in fields.

April to September.
Plentiful in all the districts.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

C. triviale, Link. Wayside Mouse-ear.

Bab. Man. 61. Hook. St. Fl. 60. H. & S. 14. Hist. Tarm.
Fist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 54.

Small perennial weed ; very common in pastures, way-
sides and waste places. April to September.
In all the districts.
First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

84

3- C- semidecandriini, Linn. Semidecandrous

Mouse-ear.

Bab. Man. 61. Hook. St. Fl. 59. H. & S. 14. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 54.

Small annual weed ; plentiful on dry lieatlis, denes, and
waste places. April, May.

1. Elveden |j ; Brandon ; Barnliam : Fakenham ; Hon-
ington and Sapiston : — Icklingham, Hb. Sk. : — Mildenhall,
Hb. Blk. :— Troston Heath, Hb. Cos. :— Tuddenham and
West Stow, E. Sk. :— Heberden, Bury, Sir. J. Cullum :—
Thetford Heath, A.B.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Lowestoft, E.F.L. :— Homersfield, H.B.C.

4. Gt. Glemham and Snape, E.N.B. : — Framlingham,
Crabbe.

5. Felixstowe || ; Clay don.

A form approaching the var. C. pellucidum, Chaub, was
gathered at Mildenhall, May, 1888.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5. C. tetrandrum, Curt. Tetrandrous Mouse-ear*.

Bab. Man. 61. Hook. St. Fl. 59. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot..
Suff. E. H. & S. 14.

Small annual weed ; sandy places, usually by the sea.

May to July.

1. Lakenheath to Wangford, G. C. Druce^ Rec. Club,
1883.

3. Lowestoft : — Southwold, Holmes.

4. Yoxford, Crabbe.

5. Felixstowe 1 1 :— Orford Beach, H. & 8.
Earliest record 1805. Rev. G. Crabbe.

6- C. arvense, Linn. Field Mouse-ear.

Bab. Man. 62. ' Hook. St. Fl. 60. H. & S. 14. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent on sandy and chalky
soil, seldom on clay. April to August.

1. Barnham||; Sapiston || ; Troston; Honington ;
Fakenham; Euston; Thetford; Elveden; Brandon; Caven-
ham and West Stow: — Risby and Icklingham, G.B. : — Bury,
'HI. Sk. :— Rougham, Hb. Cas. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Dun. :—
Barton Mills, F. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Tuddenham,
E. Sk. :— Newmarket, MM. : — Santon Downham, Norgate :.
— Lackford, Hb. Ly.

85

3. Belton and Benacre. 4. Palgrave, Collins.

5. Shrubland Park : — Grundisburgli, T.H.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Mcenchia, Ehrh.

1. ]VL erect a, Sm. Cemstium quaternellum, Fenzl.

Cpriylit Mcenchia.

Bab. Man. 62, 63. Hook. St. PL 59. H. & S. 13. Hist. Fram..
Hist. Yarm. Tob. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 54.

Small annual ; on dry pastures ; not common.

May, June.

1. Fakenliam || ; Sapiston and Ixwortli Thorpe : — Pa-
kenham, Hb. Rk.:— Troston, H b. Cas. :— West Stow, Gray :
— Woolpit, F. :— Icklingham, E. Sk. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. :
— Thetford, Noryate.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Lowestoft, Hb. Sh. : — Southwold
Common, Holmes: — Homersfield Heatli, H.B.C.

4. Snape, Hele : — Framlingliam, Crabbe : — Wortham,
Collins.

5. Nacton Heath, Trimmer.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

-:

Lepigonum, Fries.

L. rubrum, Fries. Red Sand Spurry.

Bab. Man. 63. Hook. St. PL 68. H. & S. 14. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 56.

Small annual ; not unfrequent on gravelly soil.

May to September.

1 . Ixworth Thorpe || ; Troston and Euston : — Bougham,
Hb. Blk. :— Tuddenham Heath, W.J. -.—Norton and West
Stow, Sk. ins. : — Bury, Sir J. Cullum.

3. Near St. Olave's Bridge || :— Bungay, H. <& S. :— St.
Margaret's (E.A.H.), Galp. : — Southwold, Holmes.

4. Westleton || :— Benhall, E.N.B.

5. Ipswich, W.L.N. :— Walton, Sk.ms. :— Wherstead,
award : — Greeting, Hb. Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1773*. Sir J. Cullum.

3. L. SalirLTim, Kindb. Spergularia salina, Prest..

Sea-side Sand Spurry.

86

Bab. Man. 63. Hook. St. Fl. 68.

Annual ; tolerably frequent on the sea-coast.

June to September.

3. Benacre| | ; Gorleston and Breydon Water : — Lowes-
toft, 8k. ms. : — Covehithe, M.L.H.

4. Dunwich || ; Thorpe.

5. Catawade ; Stutton ; Chelmondistone ; Ipswich and
Aldeburgh.

Var. L. neglectum, Kindb.
Bab. Man. 64." Hook. St. Fl. 68.

4. Dunwich || ; Thorpe.

5. Catawade || ; Stutton || ; Aldeburgh : — Felixstowe,
Williams.

Earliest notice 1847. Mrs. French.

4. L. marimim, Walil. Spergularia media. Pers.

Salt-marsh Sand Spurry.

Bab. Man. 64. Hook. St. FL 68. H. & S. 14. Hist. Yarm.
"Top. Bot. Suff. E. Hist. Wher.

Perennial herb ; frequent in Salt-marshes. June to Sep.

8. Lowestoft, Sk. ms. : — Breydon Water and Cowhithe
: — Southwold, Hbb. Dunn. & Rk.

4. Dunwich || ; Walberswick 1 1 ; Blythburgh.

5. Catawade, E.F.L. : — Stutton : — Aldeburgh, Sir
•C.J.F.B. :—Fe[i*stowe,W.H.Purchas : — Wherstead, Haward
• — Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest notice 1834. Lathbury.

Spergula, Linn.

.1. S. arvensis, Linn. Field Spurry.

Bab. Man. 64. Hook. St. Fl. 67. H&S.14. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 55.
Annual ; very frequent on cultivated land. Jun. to Aug.
Common in all the districts.

Form d. vulgaris, Bo3nn.
Bab. Man. 64. Hook. St. Fl. 67.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Honington ; Sapiston ; West
Stow Heath.

3. Gorleston and Benacre : — Flixton, Galp.

4. Dunwich ; Thorpe : — Mendham ; Pit on Withersdale
Eoad, Galp.

87

5. Wherstead, Haward : — Martlesham, Hb. Ly.

We doubt the permanence of the distinguishing feature
of this variety. Seeds on the same plant are, some more,,
some less, covered with papilla : these seem to fall off very
easily, and so cause a difference in the appearance of the
seeds.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Scleranthus, Linn.

1. S. animus, Linn. Annual KnapwelL.
Bab. Man. 64. Hook. St. Fl. 335. H. & S. 30. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 97.

Small annual weed, frequent in corn-fields. June to Aug..
Occurs commonly in all the districts.

Form S. biennis, Eeut. Biennial Knapwell..

Bab. Man. 64. Hook. St. Fl. 335.

1. Barnham Heath 1 1 :— Mildenhall, Hb. Elk. :— Sandy-
field, Icklingham, and Sandypit, Lakenheath, A.B. : — Elve-
den, E.F.L. — Bisby Heath ; Eriswell, E. S. Marshall.

2. Wiston 1 1 :— Cockfield, C. B.
- 3. Benacre : — Belton, C.A.W.

4. Westleton Heath : — Wortham Ling, E. S.Marshall

5. Greeting Hills, Hb. Jefes.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. S. pereimis, Linn. Perennial Knapwell..

Bab. Man. 64. Hook. St. Fl. 335. H. & S. 30. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Small perennial occurring only in the Breck country
and the adjoining region ; comparatively rare. June to Aug.

1. Barnham || ; near Elden, Mr. Crowe, 1768, Dill.
Ray. in Hort. Ox. Elveden : 1 1 — Icklingham. Hb. SJc. : —
Mildenhall, Hbb. Elk., Cas. <& F. ; also Sir C.J.F.B. :— Eris-
well and Wangford ; Lackford ; West Stow and Culford, Sir
T. G. Gullum :— Thetford, E. Forster, jun. :— Bury, MM. L
— Lakenheath, A.B.

Earliest record 1696. Bay.

MALVACE/E.

Malva, Linn.

1. M. moschata, Linn. Musk Mallow*

88

Bab. Man. 65. Hook. St. Fl. 76. H. & S. 16. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 56.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks and in gravelly places ;
not very frequent. July, August.

1. Honington||; Wicken ; Bardwell, Hb. Dun. : —
Woolpit, F. : — Rattlesden, Mrs. Parker : — Rougham Heath,
Sk. ms.

2. Bures 1 1 and Nayland, Gray : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :
— Sudbury, Fulcher & J.8.H.

3. Bungay, Stock: — Oulton, McAub. : — St. Margaret's,
Galp.

4. Weybread, H.B.C. :— Eye, Hb. Peck :— Wortham
and Denham, Collins : — Hoxne, Ms. Davy.

5. Bergholt, Dr. White : — Gt. Bealings, Moor: — Chars-
field, T.B. : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Martlesham, T.W.G. :
— Wherstead, Carss. : — Belstead, H. & 8. : — Shelley, F. Spal-
ding : — Washbrook, Miller.

First notice 1797. T. Martyn.

2. M. silvestris, Linn. Gommon Mallow.

Bab. Man. 65. Hook. St. Fl. 76. H. & S. 16. Hist. Yarm.
3 Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp 56.

Herbaceous perennial ; common in waste places and
way-sides. June to September.

Frequent in all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. M. rotimdifolia, Linn. Dwarf Mallow*

Bab. Man. 65. Hook. St. Fl. 76. H. & S. 16. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot Suff. E. and W. Galp. 56.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in waste places.

June to September.
Common in all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Althaea, Linn.

1. A. Officinalis, Linn. Marsh Mallow*

Bab. Man. 66. Hook. St. Fl. 75. H . & S. 16. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in marshes near the

sea. August, September.

89

1. Near Stowmarket, Herb. Gas. ; likely introduced.

3. Kessingland :— Belton, J. T. Syme, Phyt. O.S. cxviu
26 :— Breydon Water, Phyt.N.S. 1862 :— Somerleyton, jff.& 8.:
— Marsh ditches between Yarmouth and Beccles, not far
from St. Olave's Bridge, Sir G.J.F.B.: — between Blythburgh
and Southwold, F. Spalding.

4. Between Dunwich and Sizewell ; Snape, E.N.B. r
— Leiston Marshes, Mrs. Toller.

5. Button || ; Aldeburgh ; Slaughden, Hele : — Cata-
wade, Hb. Mg. : — Walton Ferry, H . & S. : — Saltings at Iken,
Mrs. Toller.

First record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

Lavatera, Linn.

Jl. L. arborea, Linn. Tree Mallow.

Bab. Man. 66. Hook. St. Fl. 76.

Herbaceous perennial ; on the sea-coast ; rare. We are
not assured that any of the plants seen are truly wild.

July to September,.

3. Kessingland. 5. Felixtowe || & Hb. Sk.

Earliest notice 1862. E. Skepper.

TILIACEXE.

Till a, Linn.

T. intermedia, DC. T. vulgaris, Hayne.

T. europcea, Linn. Common Lime.

Bab. Man. 67. Hook. St. Fl. 77, H. & S. 17. Galp. 57.
Deciduous tree ; in old plantations ; not indigenous.

1. Euston ; Fakenham ; Harleston : — near Lord Lei-
cester's woods at Denham, near Barrow, Sir T. G. Cullum r
— Walsham, Herb. Dun. :— Bury, Hb. Ek. :— Hardwick, Hb.
Wils.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Benacre. 4. Botesdale.
First record 1846. Mrs. Dunlap.

T. parvifolia, Ehrh. T. cordata, MilU

Small-leaved Lime.
Bab. Man. 67. Hook. St. Fl. 77. Cyb. Br. App.

90

Small deciduous tree ; in old woods ; likely not native
in Suffolk ; not very frequent. August.

1. Mildenhall ; Fornham, All Sts. ; Troston and Thur-
•ston :— -Euston, Hb. Fitz.E. :— Bradfield, lib. Gas. :— Den-
ham, Sir T. G. Oullum :— Hardwick, Hb. Wils.

2. Lit. Thurlow, Herb F. : — Badmondisfield : — Gt.
Waldingfield, C.B.

4. Brome, Collins.

5. Shrubland Park 1 1 .

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

t3. T. grandifolia, Ehrh. T. platyphyllos, Scop.

Great-leaved Lime.
Bab. Man. 67. Hook. St. Fl. 77.
Lofty deciduous tree ; in plantations ; introduced.

June, July.

1. Euston ||; Hopton ; Haughley. 3. Benacre.

First notice 1876. Hind.

HYPERICACEyC.

Hypericum, Linn.

*1. H. Calycinum, Linn. Rose of Sharon.

Bab. Man. 68. Hook. St. Fl. 72. H. & S. 15.
Small evergreen shrubby plant in woods and groves.

July to September.

1. Elveden, covering some acres in the woods: — Dai-
ham, Sk. ms.

2 . Near Hadleigh , Mrs . Parker : — near Sudbury , /. /S. H.
5. Woods on Nacton Heath, apparently wild, H &. S.

near Ipswich, Miss Bell.

Earliest notice 1835. Miss. Bell.

"2. H. Androsaenmm, Linn. Tutsan*

Bab. Man. 68. Hook. St. Fl. 72. H. & S. 15.
Shrubby perennial ; in woods and hedges ; somewhat
rare. July, August.

1. Brandon, Norqate.

2. Clare :— Wiston 1 1 , Dr. Palmer, 1881 :— Lidgate,
Rev. F. Tearle.

91

3. Bungay, Hb. Suit., 1838. Hedges at Holton and
"Weston, Wigg.

First record 1779. Sir J. Cullum.

3. H. tetrapternm, Fries. H. quadratum, Stokes-

Square -stemmed St. John's Wort.

Bab. Man. 68. Hook. St. Fl. 73. H. & S. 15. Hist. Tarm..
Top. But, Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Upright perennial ; on the brink of streams and wet
places. July..

Common in all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5. H. perforatum, Linn. Perforate St. John's

Bab. Man. 69. Hook. St. Fl. 72. H. & S. 15. Hist. Yarnu
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Kuff. E. and W. Galp. 56.

Erect shrubby perennial ; in woods and hedge-banks.

July, August-
Common in all the districts.

Var. y. H. angustifolium, Gaud.
Bab. Man. 69. Hook. St. Fl. 72.

1. Honington || ; Haughley and Stowlangtoft : — Wool-
pit, J. Easor.

3. Mettingham : — Oulton, McAub. : — Bradwell Lily pit,.
J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Redgrave ; Mellis.

5. Needham Market and Shrubland Park.
First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6. H. dubmm, Leers. II . (a) quadrangulum, L..

ImpcrJ orate St. John's Wort.

Bab. Man/ 69. Hook. St. Fl. 73. H. & S. 15. Hist. Franu
Top. Bot. SuS. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; by ditches and in thickets. July.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || : — hedges about Bury, Hb. Wils.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland : — Lit. Thurlow, Herb. F.

4. Botesdale || : — Burgate Wood, E. S. Marshall : —
Brockford, Hb. Peck.

5. Offton, H. S S.

(b.) H. maculatum, Bab.
Bab. Man. 69. Hook. St. Fl. 73.

92

1. Wetherden.
Earliest notice 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

V. H. humifusum, Linn. Trailing St. John's Wort.

Bab. Man. 69. Hook. St. PI. 73. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. arid W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 56.

Small trailing plant ; in heathy places and woods. July.

1. Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Pakenham Wood, Hb. Cos. :—
Bury, Sir J. Cullum: — Woolpit Heath, Mrs. Parker : — Roug-
ham and Risby Heaths, H. & 8. : — Felsham Wood and Tud-
•denham, 8k. ms.

3. Bradwell Common Paget : — Gorton, Phyt. N. S. 1862,
and Gorleston, 1863:— Lowestoft||, E.N.B. :— Fritton and
St. Olaves, Sk. ms. : — Hopton, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Weybread, Miss Jeffes : — Westleton, Ms. Davy : — *
Stuston Common, Galp.

5. Blaxhall and Otley, E.N.B. :— Bergholt, Dr. White :
< — Wherstead, Haward.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

'9. H. Mrsntum, Linn. Hairy St. John's Wort.

Bab Man. 69. Hook. St. PL 74. H. & S. 15. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 56.

Erect perennial ; common in woods and hedges.

July, August.

1 . Hinderclay 1 1 ; Bardwell ; Fakenham ; Coney Wes-
ton ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Troston ; Hawstead ; Westley Wood ;
Harleston and Onehouse : — Pakenham Wood, Hb. Cas. : — >
Walsham, Herb. Dun. : — Woolpit, J. Easor : — Barton, Hb.
•Blk. : — Barningham, E.F.L. : — Hardwick, Hb. Sk. : — Now-
ton, Hb. Wils. : — Hepworth, Hb. Salm. — apparently absent
from the Breck country.

2. Acton and Long Melford : — Cockfield, W.J. : — >
Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. St. Margaret's, Holmes : — Flixton, H.B.C.

4. Burgate; Peasenhall ; Sibton: — Gt. Glemham,
E.N.B. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Mendham, H.B.C.

5. Shrubland Park :— Grundisburgh, T.H. :— Wher-
stead, Haward.

First notice 1805. Rev. G. Crabbe.

H. "FT. pulctLrum, Linn. Slender St, John's Wort*

93

Bab. Man. 70. Hook. St. Fl. 74. Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury,
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 56.

Perennial plant in woods and on heaths ; not very common.

June, July.

1. Troston || ; Fakenham Wood : — Barton, Hb. Blk.
:— Pakenham, C.B. :— Woolpit, Hb. F. :-— Tuddenham, Hb.
Sk. — Cavenham, Sk. ms. : — Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle. : — Forn-
ham, Hb. Wils.

2. Polstead ; Nayland and Wiston : — Sudbury, Fulcher
&J.S.H.

3. Hopton : — Fritton ; St. Olaves ; Lowestoft and
South wold, 8k. ms.

4. N. W. end of Kedgrave Fen :— Dunwich, E.N.B.
:_Weybread, H.B.C. :— Mendham, Galp.

5. Tunstall, E.N.B. : — Brightwell, Moon — Wherstead,
Haward

Earliest notice 1773. Sir. J. Cullum.

12. TT. elodes, Linn. Marsh St. John's Wort

Bab. Man. 70. Hook. St. Fl. 74. H. & S. 15. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Sufi:. E. and W.

Small herbaceous perennial in spongy bogs. July, Aug.
1. Tuddenham, Rev. F. Tearle.

3. Fritton Decoy 1 1 : — Belton, Hb. SJc. : — Herringfleet,
E.N.B. : — Lowestoft, and Somerleyton, Sk. ms.

4. Dunwich || : — Walberswick, Holmes : — Westleton,
Ms. Davy.

First notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

ACERACE/€.

Acer, Linn.

1. A. campestre. Linn. Maple.

Bab. Man. 70. Hook. St. Fl. 89. H. & S. 18. Top. Bot.

*€nff. E. and W. Galp. 59.

Small tree ; in woods and hedges ; common. May, June.

1. Barton ||; Hinderclay; Hopton; Honington ; Mar-
ket Weston ; Livermere ; Cavenham and Mildenhall : —
Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Euston, Hb. Dun. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. :
Stowlangtoft, Hb.Rk.

2. Nayland and Long Melford :— Cockfield, W.J. :—
Hitcham, Hb.Hens. :— Kersey, E.F.L.

94

3. Bungay ; Hopton and Benacre ; Beccles : — South
Elmham Hall, Galp. : — Belton, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Darsham ; Framlingliam and Oakley : — Knodisliall
and Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Shrubland Park ; Claydon ; Bergholt and Stutton :
— Martlesham H b. Ly.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

1 2. A. Pseudo-platamiS, Linn. Sycanwre^

Bab. Man. 70. Hook. St. Fl. 89. H. & S. 19. Top. Bot.

Suff. E. and W. Galp. 59.

Large tree ; an alien, now completely naturalized.

May, June.

1. Honington || ; Barnliam ; Fakenham ; Brandon and
Mildenhall :— Bury, Hb. Sk.:— Pakenham,H&.Cas.:— Stow-
langtoft, Hb. Rtc. : — Hardwick, Hb. Wils.

2. Nayland and Long Melford :— Cockfield, WJ. :— ..
Hitcham, Hb.Hens.

3i Bungay ; Gorleston and Benacre.

4. Framlingliam ; Stuston and Brome : — Wey bread,
Galp.

5. Shrubland Park; Bergholt; Aldeburgh:— Gt. Beal-
ings, Moor.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

GERANIACE/E.

Geranium, Linn.

II. G. phaeTim, Linn. Dusky Cranesbill.

Bab. Man. 71. Hook. St. Fl. 81. H.&S. 17. Galp. 57.
Perennial herb ; about the edge of woods. May, June.

1. Livermere || ; edge of Ampton Wood, H b. Sk. : —
Bradfield St. George, Miss Turner. C.B. !

2. Whepstead, Hb. Blk.

3. Bungay (not truly wild), Stock : — Orchard, St. Mar-
garet's (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Huntingfield, Holland : — Sternfield, Rev. J. Longe*
likely a garden stray : — Kettleburgh, Ms. Davy : — Wor-
tham, Collins.

5. Ashbocking, Mrs. Cobbold : — Bergholt, H. & S. : —
Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

First record 1800. Mrs. Cobbold.

95

2. G-- pratense, Linn. Blue Field Geranium.

Bab. Man. 72. Hook. St. Fl. 80. H. & S. 17. Top. Bot. E.
Galp. 57.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; in meadows.

June to August.

1. Livermere || ; Mildenhall : — Euston, Herb. Fitz.R. :
— Kentford,^. Elk. <& Eev. F. Tearle :— Bury, SirJ. Cullum :
^Hardwick, Sk.ms. : — Ixworth (casual), Hb. Jeffes.

2. Whepstead (truly wild), Mrs. Bevan, C.B. ! : — Hoxne,
Collins.

3. Beccles?, R. E. Leach.

4. In a meadow at Darsham, Davy. The figure in
Baxter's ' British Phaenogamous Botany ' was drawn from Mr.
Davy's Darsham plant.

5. Walton (introduced) :— Hacheston and Bramford,
Trimmer : — Coddenham, T.B. : — Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

*3. GK silvaticum, Linn. Wood Cranesbill.

Bab. Man. 72. Hook. St. Fl.

2. Whepstead (introduced, but naturalized), Mrs.
Bevan, C.B.I

Only notice 1887. Mrs. Bevan.

4 Gr. sanguineTini, Linn. Bloody Cranesbill.

Bab. Man. 72. Hook. St. Fl. 80. H. & S. 17. Top. Bot. Suff.
E.and VV.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; -usually on sandy soil.

July.

1. Newmarket \\,F.£ W. J. :— Barton |j, Hb. Blk. and
Rk. :— Bury, Hb. Sk. & SirJ. Cullum :— Gazely, Rev. F. Tearle :
— Moulton, MissBullender:--WeBti.ey, H. & S. :— Risby, 8k.
ms. : — Between Barton and Pakenham, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Ix-
worth, Hb. Jeffes.

4. Dunwich.

5. Near Woodbridge,/^. P. Lathbury : — Bergholt,.H\&£.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5. G. pyrenaicum, Linn. G. perenne, Huds.

Moimtain Cranesbill.

Bab. Man. 72. Hook. St. Fl. 80. H. & S. 17. Top. Bot.
«uff. E and W. Galp 57.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; tolerably frequent on

banks. June, July.

I

96

1. Lit. Livermere and Bury,: — Barton, Hb.Rk.:—*
Pakenham, Hbb. Elk. A Cas. :— Wicken, Hb.Dun. :— Clopton,
Mrs. Parker : — Drinkstone, F. : — Tostock, Mrs. Terry : —
Cavenham, C.B. : — Tuddenham, W.J. : — Timworth, Norgate:

• — Westley, Sk. ms.

2. Stoke :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens :— Hadleigh, H b.Mg. :
• — Kersey, Gray : — Long Melford, J.F.W.

3. Halesworth : — Bungay, Stock : — Beccles, F. Turner :
— Ou\ton,McAub. :— St. Margaret's (E.A.H.),£a^. :— South-
wold, J.H.G.

4. Oakley, Collins : — Westleton || : — Gt. Glemham,
E.N.B. & T.W.G. :— Saxmundham, H.<£S.

5. Claydon to Needham Market : — Felixstowe, C.B. :
— Campsey Ash ; Burgh and Woodbridge, Moor : — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. : — Coddenham and Hemingstone, T.B. : — Ash-
bocking, F.C.S. :— Baylham, F. :— Cosford, H. & S. :— Ips-
wich, Miller.

Earliest notice 1805. F. Turner.

6. Gr. molle, Linn. Soft Cranesbill..

Bab. Man. 72. Hook. St. Fl. 81. H. <k S. 17. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarxn. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 57.

Annual ; widely distributed ; more frequent on light
soil. April to August.

Common in all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Y- Gr- rotundifolrum, IAnn. Round-leaved Cranesbill.

Bab. Man. 72. Hook. St. Fl. 81. H. & S. 18. Top. Bot. Suff.
E. Hist. Wher.

Biennial ; on old walls and by way- sides ; rare.

June, July.
1. Hardwick, Sir J. Cullum : — Newmarket, E.N.B.

4. Westleton, T.W.G. :— Oakley, Collins.

5. Claydon || :— Stoke Hill, Ipswich, H b. Sk. :— Gt. &
Lit. Bealings, Moor : — Sutton, near Woodbridge ; banks of
Deben and Alderton, Holmes : — Wherstead, Haward : — Bram-
ford Lane, Ipswich, I.S. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

8. Gr. pnsillTlIU, IAnn. Small-flowered Cranesbill..

Bab. Man. 73. Hook. St. Fl. 81. H.&S. 17. Hist. Yarm._
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 58.

97

Annual ; on banks and waste places, especially on light
soil. June to September.

1. Honington||; Fakenham; Hinderclay; Thurston ;
Brandon ; West Stow ; Flempton ; Barton Mills ; Milden-
hall and Thetford :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb. 8k. :—
Euston, Hb. FitzR. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft,
Hb. Ek. : — Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. : — Livermere, Hb. Ly.

2. Clare ; Wixoe and Long Melford : — Hitcham, Hb.
Hens. : — Stoke and Nayland, Gray.

3. Gorleston ; Mettingham ; Kessingland ; Beccles : —
St. Margaret's, Galp. : — Bradwell, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Redgrave : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Mendham,
Galp.

5. Claydon and Needham Market, &c. : — Ashbocking,
F. C. S. :— Hemingstone,T. B. :— Grundisburgh, T.H . :— Bawd-
sey, W.L.N. : — Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

"9. G. dlssectum, Linn. Dove's-foot.

Cut-leaved Cranesbill.

Bab. Man. 73. Hook. St. Fl. 82. H. & S. 18. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 58.
Annual ; very frequent in waste places. June to Aug.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

10. Gr. COlumbimiro, Linn.' Dove's-foot CranesbilL

Bab. Man. 73. Hook. St. Fl. 61. H.&S.18. Top. Bot.

Suff. E. ? and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 58

Rare annual ; on chalky or gravelly soils.

1. Between Elmswell and Tostock, J. Easor.

2. Long Melford :— Haverhill, Hb. F.

3. Belton || :— Bungay, H. & S.

4. Mendham, Galp.

•5. Near Needham Market || : — Greeting Hills, and lane
between Greeting and Needham, Hb. Jeffes : — Wherstead,
Haward.

Earliest record 1781. Sir J. Cullum.

11. Gr. Incidum, Linn. Shining CranesbilL

Bab. Man. 73. Hook. St. Fl. 82. H. & S. 17. Top. Bot.
Suff.E.andW. Galp. 58.

98

Annual ; on walls and hedge -banks, preferring a chalky
soil. May to August.

1. Barton || ; Ixworth ; Stowlangtoft ; Troston Hall :
— Pakenham, Hb. Gas. :— Fornham All Sts., W.J. :— Bury,
Ms. Davy.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland || and Clare :— Long Melford,C.£.:
• — Nayland, Gray : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Lavenham, W.J.

3. St. Margaret's, Ilketshall (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Oakley, Collins.

5. Needham Market : — Greeting, T.B. : — Coddenham,
F. Fox :— Barham, E.N.B. :— Gt. Bealings, Moor :— Berg-
holt, H. & S. : — Tattingstone, Haicard : — Hadleigh Eoad,
Ipswich, 1.8. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

12. G-. robertiamim, Linn. Herb Robert..

Bab. Man. 73. Hook. St. Fl. 82. H. & S. 17. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 58.
Annual ; very frequent on hedge-banks. May to Sep.,
Common in all the districts.

Var. b. G. purpureum, Forst.
Bab. Man. 74. Hook. St. Fl. 82.
5. Felixstowe || : — Aldeburgh, F. K. Eagle.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

E rod i urn, L'Herit.

1. E. ciCTltarium, Sm. Common StorksbilL.

Bab. Man. 74. Hook. St. Fl. 83. Hist. Fram. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Galp 58. Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W.

Annual ; frequent in sandy soils. June to September.

Frequent in all the districts, specially the common form,
E. triviale, Jord.

Var. a. E . pimpinellifolium, Cav.

Bab. Man. 74. Hook. St. Fl. 83.

1. ' Tuesday, Oct. 2nd, 1771. A variety of the Gera-
nium (Erodium) cicutarium with two of the petals spotted at
their base. The Ds. of Portland has several times desired
me to send her some of the seeds of this plant, which she
once observed in Suff. herself. It grows plentifully on N.
of Bury, among turnips and on barley stubbles.' Sir J*.
Cullum.

99

3. Gorleston and Kessingland. 5. Felixstowe.

E. Chcerophyllum, Cav.
Hook. St. Fl. 83.

1. Brandon || . 5. Felixstowe.
Earliest notice 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

2. E. moschatum. Musk Storksbill.

Bab. Man. 74. Hook. St. Fl. 83.

Annual plant ; in waste places and borders of fields ;
rare. June and July.

2. Sternfield, close to a barn ; probably introduced,
E.N.B.

3. Bradwell Common, D. Turner : — Southwold, cer-
tainly wild, Holmes.

First record 1805. Dawson Turner.

[3. E. maritinmm, L'Herit. Sea-side Storksbill.

Bab. Man. 74. Hook. St. Fl. 83.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy sea-coast ; rare.

May to September.

[1. Honington || ; apparently established in the light
soil ; accidentally introduced.]

Earliest notice 1876.]

BALSAM I NACE>£.

Impatiens, Linn.

'*!. I. parviflora, DC. Small-flowered Balsam.

Bab. Man. 75. Hook. St. Fl. 85.

An alien annual, naturalized in England ; waste places.

July to September.

1. Bury ; established in Barrett's Nursery and in the
Botanic Gardens.
5. Stutton||.
Earliest notice 1876. Hind.

OXALIDACE/E.

Oxalis, Linn.

1. O. Acetosella, Linn. rj Wood Sorrel

100

Bab. Man. 75. Hook. St. Fl. 84. H. &S. 18. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Galp. 58.

Herbaceous perennial, with toothed rhizome ; in woods ;
not common. May.

1. Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — Haughley, Hb. Ek. : —
Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : — Woolpit, F. :— Eushbrooke, H. & S.:
—near Felsham Wood, Sk. ms. : — Hardwick, H b. Wils.

2. Wiston || ; Nayland and Polstead : — Trandley Wood,
Gt. Thurlow, F. :— Bull's Wood, Cockfield, W. J. :— Hit-
cham, Hb. Hens. : — Sudbury, Fulcher : — Hadleigh, F. Spal-

8. Mettingham : — Lound (now lost), D. Turner-. — -
Lowestoft, H. & 8. : — Benacre, F. Spalding : — Ou\ton,McAub.

4. Burgate Wood:— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Mend-
ham, H.B.C. : — Hoxne, Collins.

5. Barking, T.B.: — Gt. Bealings,Moor: — Woolverstone, .
H.M.S. : — Button, F. Spalding : — Bentley, Miller : — Dod-
nash Wood, l.S. Soc. : — Woodbridge, Hb.Ly.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

12. O- COrnicillata, Linn. Horned Wood Sorrel..

Bab. Man. 76. Hook. St. Fl. 84.
Small annual ; a stray in gardens and waste ground.

June to September. .

1. Honington ; result of former cultivation.
4. Saxmundham, F. Fox\ either a stray or introduced.
Earliest notice 1870 ? F. Fox.

*3. O. stricta, Linn. Strict Wood Sorrel.

Bab. Man. 76. Hook. St. Fl. 84.

Small herbaceous perennial ; a garden weed and stray. .

July, August.

1. Honington || ; originally introduced, and has become
a garden weed.

Earliest notice 1875. Hind.

LINACEvC.

Linum, Linn.

1. L. angustifolium, Huds. Narrow-leaved Flax. .

Bab. Man. 76. Hook. St. Fl. 78. H. & S. 16. Top. Bot. SufE. E. .

101

Perennial herb ; on hedge-banks ; rare.

3. Fields, Gunton ; Lowestoft, Sir J. E. Smith.

4. Darsham, Ms. Davy. Sir J. E. Smith. (The figure
in Eng. Boty. was taken from a plant sent from Darsham by
Mr. Davy, ENB.)

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum. Supposed to-
be extinct in Suffolk.

[L. usitatissimuni, Linn. Flax of Commerce*

Bab. Man. 76. Hook. St. Fl. 78. H. & S. 16. Hist. Wher.
Galp. 57.

Annual plant, extensively cultivated, and yielding occa-
sional strays. July..

1. Haughley || ; Honington and Higham : — Barton,
Hb. Blk. :— Ickworth, WJ. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ly.

2. Cockfield, W. J. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Dep-
den, Moor.

3. Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen & Hb. Sk. :— Oulton, McAub*

4. Fressingfield, now extinct, Galp.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Wherstead, Haicard.
First notice 1859. Prof. Henslow.]

2. L. perenne, Linn. Perennial Flax*

Bab. Man. 77. Hook. St. Fl. 78. H. & S. 16. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot, Suff. W.

Perennial herb ; borders of fields ; rare. June, July.

1. Ix worth, Ms. Davy S Hb. Rk., flore albo. Dowell in
Hb. Salm. :— Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Dun. :— Pa-
kenham, Hb. Cas. : — Bardwell, Sk. ms. — near the windmill
on the hill near the Northgate, Bury, Sir. J. Cullum.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. L. catharticum, Linn. Purging Flax*

Bab. Man. 77. Hook. St. Fl. 78. H.&S. 16. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 57.

Annual weed ; very common on grassy heaths and pas-
tures. May to August^

In all the districts.
First notice 1784. Sir J. Cullum.

Radiola, Gmel.

!• K. Millegrana, Sm. E. linoides, Gmel,.

Flix-seed, Allseed.

102

Bab. Man. 77. Hook. St. Fl. 79. H. & S. 16. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Tiny annual ; in damp spots, usually where water flows
.gently ; somewhat rare. July, August.

1. Culford and Timworth, Sir T. G. Cullum :— Tudden-
ham, H b. 8k. : — Cavenham, Sk. ms. : — near the cross-roads
opposite to Barton Mills, Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Belton, Paget : — Somerleyton, Hb. Sk. : — Herring-
fleet and Somerleyton, Trimmer : — Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. Sp.
in possession of E.N.B.

4. Wortham, C. J. Ashfteld :— Westleton Heath, Ms.
Davy.

First record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

CALYCIFLORyE.
CELASTRACE/E.

Euonymus, Linn.

1. IE. europaeus, Linn. Spindle Tree. Prickwood.

Bab. Man. 77. Hook. St. Fl. 87. H. & S. 19. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 58.

Tall shrub ; tolerably frequent in woods and hedges.

May to July.

1 . Fakenham || ; Ampton ; Honington ; Ixworth
Thorpe ; Troston ; Livermere ; Lakenkeath and Wetherden :
— Felsham Wood, C. B. :— Pakenham Wood, Hb.Cas.:—
Barton, Sir C.J.F.B :— Woolpit, F. :— Bury ; The Hyde,
Westley, H. <& S. : — Whepstead ; lane near Saxham Gate,
Sk. ms. : — Newton, Hb. Wils.

2. Polstead ; Stoke ; Hartest and Clare : — Cockfield,
, C.B. : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens : — Bures and Nayland, Gray :

—Acton and Long Melford, J.F.W. : — Thurlow, Hb. F. :—
Hadleigh, F. Spalding :« — Kede, Miss Turner.

8. Bungay, H. & S. : — Fritton :— Oulton, McAub. : —
Flixton, Galp.

4. Botesdale ; Darsham ; Dunwich : — Wortham, Ash-
^^._Huntingfield, Holland :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.:—
<3nape, Hele : — Westleton, F. Spalding.

103

5. Shrubland and Stutton : — Needliam Market, E.
Clowes : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Mel-
ton, F. Spalding : — Wherstead, Haicard : — Ipswich, Miller.
Earliest' notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

RHAMNACE>€.

Rhamnus, Linn.

1. -R. catharticilS, Linn. Purging Buckthorn*
Bab. Man. 78. Hook. St. Fl. 88. H. & S. 19. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 59.
Deciduous shrub ; in hedges and thickets ; not infrequent.'

May to July.

1. Sapiston || ; Fakenham Wood ; Market Weston ;
Honington ; Bardwell ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Troston and Mil-
denhall :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. r
— Eushbrooke, H. & S. : — Livermere, Sk. ms. : — Woolpit and
Nowton, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Santon Downham, Norgate.

2. Long Melford ; Polstead ; Stoke and Wiston : —
Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Haverhill, Hb.F. : — Lavenham, Rev^
J. M. Croker : — Cockfield and Chevington, Sk. ms.

3. Belton 1808, Borrer :— Bungay, Stock:— Si. Mar-
garet's, Holmes: — South Elmham Minster (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Botesdale : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Huntingfield,.
Holland : — Hoxne, Jas. Turner and Collins.

5 . Shrubland :— Coddenham,.-I<\ Fox : — Offton, H . & S..
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. E. Frangula, Linn. Black Alder.
Bab. Man. 78. Hook. St. Fl. 88. H. & S. 19. Hist. Fram ?..

HU. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 59.

Deciduous shrub, in hedges and thickets ; comparatively
rare- May, June.

1. Market Weston || ; Pakenham Wood|| and Milden-
ikftll :— Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. :— Woolpit Wood, Sir T. <3v
Gullum.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Thurlow, F.

3. Bungay, Stock : — In Lord Stradbroke's Woods, Hen-
ham, Ms. Davy.

4. Framlingham ?, Crabbe.

5. Gt, Bealings, Moor :— Otley Wood, E.N.B.
Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

104

LEGUMINOS/E.

Ulex, Linn.

1. U. europaeilS, Linn. Common Furze, Gorse, Whin.

Bab. Man. 81. Hook. St. Fl. 92. H. & S. 19. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 59.

Prickly evergreen shrub ; very common on heaths, com-
mons, and road-sides. February to July.

In all the districts. An interesting form occurs on

Elveden Heath ||, with shorter and weaker spines, thickly
clothed with long whitish hairs, the calyces somewhat tomen-
tose without black hairs.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

"2. U. nanus, Furst. Dwarf Furze or Gorse.

Bab. Man. 81. Hook. St. Fl. 92. H. & S. 19. Galp. 127.
'Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W.

Small evergreen shrub ; on commons and heaths ; not
frequent. August, September.

1. Tuddenham, Rev. F. Tearle :— Culford Heath, G. 0.
Druce, Rec. Club, 1883.

3. Kessingland : Easton Bavent and Covehithe || : — -
Southwold, Hb. Ek. :— - Herringfleet, HI. 8k. :— Fritton, 8k.
ms. : — Bungay, Galp. : — Wrentham, M.L.H.

4. Dunwich, E.N.B.: — Mendham Heath, Moor: —
Walberswick Heath : — Stuston, Galp.

5. Aldeburgh :— Tunstall Heath, E.N.B. :— Foxhall
Heath, Miller.

Earliest notice 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

3. U. Grallii, PlancJi. French Furze.

Bab. Man. 81. Hook. St. Fl. 92.

Small evergreen shrub ; on commons and way- sides ;
rare. August to November.

3. Hopton || ; Belton ; Gorleston and Lound ; Easton
Bavent and Southwold.

4. Walberswick and Sizewell Heaths.

5. Felixstowe, W. H. Purchas.

First notice 1861. Rev. W. H. Purchas.

am

105

Genista, Linn.

1. G-. pilosa, Linn. Hairy Broom.

Bab. Man. 82. Hook. St. Fl. 91. H.&S.20. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Small shrub ; on sandy heaths ; rare. May.

1. ' Discovered by Sir Jno. Cullum and Mr. Dickson
.ongst the heath about Culford and Lackford,' Dill. Ray in
Hort. Ox. : — ' Heath West of Icklingham Church, Sir J.
Cullum, 1771,' Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox. : — ' beyond Fir planta-
tion, Bisby towards Cavenham Severals,' 8k. ms. : — Liver-
mere Heath, H b. Cas., also Rev. E. G. Leathes in Hb. Rk. : —
Windmill, West Stow, Hb. Blk. :— Tuddenham Heath, Sir
T.G. Cullum, &E.S.K.

First notice 1771. Sir J. Cullum. Latest notice 1866.

2. GK tinctoria, Linn. Greenweed. Dyer's Weed.

Bab. Man. 82. Hook. St. Fl. 91. H. & S. 20. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot, Suff. E. and W. Galp. 59.

Small shrub ; in pastures and by road- sides ; not com-
mon. July to September.

1. Thurston || :— Felsham Wood, C.B. .-—Barton, H b.
Blk. :— Ixworth, Hb. Rk. :— Pakenham Wood, Hb. Cas. :—
Hardwick, Hb.Sk.: — Rougham, 8k. ms.: — Elmswell, Hb.
Jeffes : — Hep worth, H b. Salm.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Lit. Thurlow, F.

3. Bradwell, Wigg : — Bungaf, H. & 8.

4. Botesdale : — Peasenhall, Holland : — Gt. Glemham,
E.N.B. :— Badingham, T.W.G. :— Weybread, H.B.C.:-^
Bedneld, Hb.Peck: — Syleham, Collins.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — Ashbocking, F.C.S. : — Hin-
tlesham, Miller.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. Gr. anglica, Linn. Petty, or Needle Whin.

Bab. Man. 82. Hook. St. Fl. 91. H.&S. 20. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 59.

Small thorny shrub ; on wet heaths and fens ; not in-
frequent. May, June.

1. Thelnetham || ; Hinderclay and Brandon: — Troston,
Hb. Cas.:— West Stow, Hb. Sk. & Blk. :— Tuddenham, Rev.
F. Tearle & C. Rose inHb. Wils. :— Lackford, Hb. Ly.

106

3. Bungay, Woodward, Ms. Davy.

4. Kedgrave Fen || : — Stuston, Collins.

5. Martlesham Heath, Moor: — Nacton Heath, Dr. Tay-
lor /—Warren House Heath, Ipsmcb.tMiller : — Foxhall Heath,
LS. Soc.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Sarothamnus, Wimm.

1. S SCOpaiTUS, Koch. Cytisus Scoparius, Link.

Common Broom.

Bab. Man. 82. Hook. St. Fl. 92. H.&S.20. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 59.

Shrub ; frequent on heaths and sandy banks.

May, June.

Common in all the districts.

A form of prostrate habit, with hairy leaves, has been
kindly sent by Rev. W. H. Sewell from Yaxley || . Query,
can it be S. prostratus ?

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Ononis, Linn.

1. O. arvensis, Linn. O.repens, Linn. Creeping

Rest-harrow.

Bab. Man. 82. Hook. St. Fl. 93. H.&S.20. Eist.Yarni.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 59.

Small shrub ; in sandy places. June to September.
Tolerably frequent in all the districts. 0. inermis, Lange.

Form 0. maritima. Gren.

3. Lowestoft||.

5. Felixstowe ; Bawdsey : — Aldeburgh, C.B.

Form 0. horrida, Lange.

3. Lowestoft: — Flixton, Galp. 5. Bawdsey.
First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. O. campestris, Koch. 0. spinosa, Linn.

Spinous Rest-harrow.

Bab. Man. 83. Hook. St. Fl. 93. H. & S. 20. Top. Bot..
SufE. E . and W. Galp. 60.

Small shrub ; on road-sides and pastures. June to Sep.

.

107

1. Honingtonf); Euston; Ixworth ; Bar dwell and
Hinderclay ; Barton Mills : — Walsliam, Herb. Dun. ; Barton,
Hb. Blk. ; Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Nowton, Hb. Wils.

2. Cockfield and Lawshall, C.B. :— Hitcliam, Prof.
Hens. :— Hadleigh, Hb. Mg. :— Long Melford, J.F.W. :—
Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Henstead : — Oulton, M.cAub.

4 . Mellis and Westleton : — Friston Moor, Hele : — Mend-
ham, H.B.C. :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas. : — Clay don, : — Boulge, Moor:
Grundisburgh, T.H.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Medicago, Linn.

*1. 1VL saliva, Linn. Purple Medick. Lucerne.

Bab. Man. 83. Hook. St. Fl. 95. Hist.Yarm. Galp. 60.
Perennial herb of cultivation, naturalized ; frequent.

June, July.

1. Honington || ; Sapiston ; Troston ; Barnham;
Thetford ; Culford and Ingham : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :—
Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.:— Nowton, Hb. Wils. .-—Brandon,
Nor gate.

Clare : — Bildeston, Hb.Cas. : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens.
Bradwell and Burgh Castle, Wigg : — Oulton, McAub.
Wortham, Gollins : — Weybread, Galp.
Felixstowe, H.M.S.
First notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

2. M. Silvestris, Fries. Wild Medick.
Bab. Man. 83. Hook. St. Fl. 94. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. W.
Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy soil. June, July.
1. Between Lackford and Cavenham||: — Barnham ||,

Oray.—'High&m and Tuddenham, W.J. :— Thetford, 0.0.
Bab.Phyt.O.S.,cv. 777 :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— be-
tween Elveden and Icklingham, A.B. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb.
Rk. :— Saxham : — Bridewell, Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum.
First record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

3. M. falcata, Linn. Sickle Medick.

Bab. Man. 83. Hook. St. FL 94. H. & S. 20. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

108

Perennial herb ; on sandy heaths and pastures ; local.

June, July.

1. Culford Heath || ; Barnham ; Thetford || ; Brandon ;
Wangford; Lakenheath; Fornham St. Martin ; Honington;
Knettishall :— Barton Mills, H b. F. :— Stowlangtoft, Hbb.
Dun. <£ Ek. : — Bury, Hbb. Elk. S Sk. : — Mildenhall and Ix-
worth, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Pakenham, Packards : — Thurston,
H.&S.: — ' Elden in Suffolk with Artemisia campestris, &c.,
Mr. Dickson,' Dill. Bay., Hort. Ox.: — Tuddenham and Caven-
ham, W.J. : — Rushbrooke and Hardwick, Hb. Wils..

3. Lowestoft, Sk. ms.

4. Dunwich, old Church Yard, Hb. Budd. & Crabbe :—
Stuston, Collins.

5. Boulge,Moor: — Orford, Crabbe : — Sudbourne^.^Y.^B.
and Crabbe.

Earliest notice circa 1698. Buddie.

4. 3VC. lupulina, Linn. Black Medick. Nonsuch.

Bab. Man. 84. Hook. St. Fl. 95. H. & S.,20. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 60.

Small annual or biennial herb ; very common in fields
and waste places. May to August.

In all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5. M. maculata, Sibth. Spotted Medick.

Bab. Man. 84. Hook. St. Fl. 95. H. & S. 20. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 127.

Annual, preferring light soil ; more frequent near the
sea. May to August.

1. Stowlangtoft, Hbb. Cas. & Ek. :— Haberden, Bury,
H.<£S.

2. Stoke 1 1 and Wiston : — Nayland, Gray : — Hitcham,
Prof. Hens. : — between Lavenham and Brent Eleigh, W.J.

3. South wold :— Bungay, Stock: — Lowestoft Denes,
E.N.B. :— Gorleston, PagetinHb. Geld.

4. Westleton 1 1 ; Walberswick and Dunwich : — Sax-
mundham, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh, Hb. Blk. :— Felixstowe ; Walton and
Stutton ; Orford : — Ipswich and Baydon, E.N.B. : — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. : — Wherstead, Haivard.

Earliest notice 1835. D. Stock.

109

6- 3VL minima, Lam. Least Medick.

Bab. Man. 84. Hook. St. Fl. 93. H. & S. 21. Hist, Bury,
Top. Bot. 8uff. E. and W.

Small annual ; in chalky and sandy fields ; not common*

May.

1. Elveden||; Eriswell; Brandon; Lackford ; Thet-
ford and West Stow :— Eisby Heath, C.B. :— Barton, Hb.
Blk. :— Fakenham, Hb. Rk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : —
Icklingham, Hb. Sk. : — near Bury and Wordwell Heath, Sir
1. G. Cullum : — Newmarket, Don. ii, 171, Eng. Bot. Supp :— -
Cavenham, H. & 8. : — Wangford : — Lakenheath, A.B.

3. Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen : — South wold, Holmes.

4. Walberswick and Dunwich, Holmes.

5. Felixstowe and Landguard Fort : — Bawdsey Ferry,
Prof. Hens, in Hb. Rk. :— Orford Castle, E.N.B. & Ray.

First record 1690. Eay.

7. M. dentiCTllata, Willd. Toothed Medici

Bab. Man. 84. Hook. St. Fl. 95. H. & S. 20. Top. Bot.

SuflE. E.

Bare annual ; on sandy ground, usually near the sea.

May to August..

2. Stoke-by-Nayland||, Gray.

3. Southwold, Holmes. 4. Walberswick, Holmes.
5 . Orford || , Holmes SHb. Budd. :— -Aldeburgh, W. King,.

Sk. ms. : — Felixstowe, E. Sk. : — Ipswich, Ips. Fl. : — Orford
Beach, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1690. Bay.

Melilotus, Linn.

1. M. Officinalis, Willd. M. altissima, ThuilU

Common Melilot.

Bab. Man. 84. Hook. St. Fl. 96. H. & S. 21. Hist. Franw
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 60.

Tall annual or biennial ; on hedge banks ; frequent.

June to August.

1. Barnham || ; Livermere ; Honington ; Brandon ;
Haughley ; Troston and Higham : — Bury, Hb.Sk.: — Wai-
sham, Hb. Dun. :— Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Barton, Hb. Blk. : —
Pakenham, Hb. Cas. :— Stowlangtoft,H"6. Rk. :— Mildenhall,
Sir C.J.F.B. :— Thetford, Gray :— Cavenham, Rev. F.Tearlei
— Elmswell and Thurston, H. <& S.

110

2. Stoke-by-Clare ; CockfieldandLawsliall, C.B. :— Hit-
<cham, H b. Hens. : — Melford and Clare, J.F.W. : — between
Sudbury and Clare, Q-er. : — Bede, H b. Turn.

3. Bungay : — Carlton Colville, Dr. Trimen : — Oulton,
McAub. : — St. Margaret's ; Flixton, Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Huntingfield, Holland :—
Saxmundham, H.&S. : — Framlingham, Crabbe: — Mendham;
Weybread, Galp.

5. Aldeburgh, Hele : — Gt. Bealings, Moor: — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. :— Ashbocking, F.C.S. :— Needham Market, E.
Clowes : — Felixstowe, Miller.

First record 1597. Gerarde.

2. M. arvensis, Willd. M. officinalis, Desr.

Field Melilot.

Bab. Man. 85. Hook. St. Fl. 96.
Biennial herb ; in waste places ; somewhat rare.

June to August.

1. Fakenham || ; Bury ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Barnham ;
Barton Mills ; Mildenhall ; Brandon and Higham : — Thet-
ford, C.G.Bab. : — Eriswell and Lakenheath, A.B. : — Caven-
ham ||, W.J.

2. Sudbury, J.S.H.

4. Botesdale : — Thrandeston and Stuston, Collins.

5. Clay don ; Ipswich.

Earliest notice 1848. Newbould.

3. M. alba, Lam. M. leucantka, Koch. White Melilot.
Bab. Man. 85. Hook. St. Fl. 96. H. & S. 21. Top. Bot. SuflE. W.*
Biennial herb ; rare ; usually near the sea. July, Aug.

1. Mildenhall, H. & 8.

2. Cockfield, among Lucerne, W.J.

(Haddiscoe Station of H. & 8., and of Hb. Sk., is in Norfolk.)
Earliest notice 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

[4. 3VC. parviflora, Desf. Small-flowered Melilot.

Bab. Man 85. Hook. St. Fl. App. 520.

A casual annual; generally in waste places ; not frequent.

July, August.

3. On a bare patch near Breydon Water ||, Oct., 1882.
Hind.]

Ill
Trifolium, Linn.

1. T. pratense, Linn. T. sativum. Purple Clover..

Bab. Man. 85. Hook. St. Fl. 98. H. & S. 21. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Sufi3. E. and W. Galp. 60.
Perennial agricultural herb ; frequent in pastures.

May to September.
In all the districts.

b. T. parvifloriim, Bab.
Bab. Man. 85. Hook. St. Fl. 98.
2. Stoke-by-Nayland ||.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. T. medium, Linn. Zigzag Glover •„

Bab. Man. 85. Hook. St. Fl. 98. H.&S.21. Hist. Fram,
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 60.

Perennial herb ; not frequent ; on banks and in woods.

May to September.

1. Hopton || and Sapiston : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. : —
Bury, H. & S. :— Felsham, Hb. Sk. :— Gedding, Sk. ms. : —
Bradfield, Hb. Ly.

2. Cockfield, W.J. :— Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Hitcham,
Hb. Hens.

8. Bungay, H. & S. :— Barsham, McAub. : — Flixton ;.
St. Margaret's, (E.A.H), Galp.

4. Westleton : — Gt. Glemham and Easton, Crabbe : —
jJrockford, #&. P*dfe :— Benhall, E.N.B. :— Weybread, Galp..

5. Wherstead, Hauwd.

Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

3- T. Oclirole"llC"lIin, Linn. Sulphur Clover*

Bab. Man. 86. Hook. St. Fl. 98. H. & S. 21. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 60.

Perennial herb ; frequent in Suffolk, but scarcely known
outside the Eastern Counties. June, July.

Well distributed in all the districts, The following are
the earliest notices we have of the plant. ' On chalk by gravel
in Bury,' Sir J. Cullum, 1775 : — * Between Bury and Saxham
on the hard and dry road. It appears also in some pastures
in that neighbourhood, also in a grove near Hard wick House,
two miles from Bury, 'Sir Jno. Cullum ! Dill. Ray.,Hort. Ox~
Earliest notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

112

[4. T. incarnatum, Linn. Crimson Clover.

Bab. Man. 86. Hook. St. Fl. 97.

Annual agricultural herb ; only a stray from cultivation
in Suffolk ; tolerably frequent. June, July.

1. Brandon ; Thurston and Fornham St. Martin : — •
Eury, Hb. 8k.

2. Chilton and Stoke-by-Nayland : — Nayland, Gray.

3. Oulton, McAub. 4. Burgate.
5. Chalkpit, Claydon.

Earliest notice 1862. E. Skepper.]

[T. Stellatlim, Linn. Stellate Clover.

Bab. Man. 86. Hook. St. Fl. 530.

Annual ; a sea-side casual. June, July.

3. * Between South wold and pier. Often eaten off by
sheep before coming into blossom,' Holmes. We enter this
plant with some distrust, though we own the authority to be
most respectable.

Earliest notice 1840 ? Eev. E. A. Holmes.]

6. T. arvense, Linn. Hare's-foot Trefoil.

Bab. Man. 86. Hook. St. Fl. 97. H. & S. 21. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 160.

Annual plant ; common on sandy heaths and land.

July to September.

Frequent in all the districts, except No. 2, where it is
less frequent.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

V. T. striatTim, Linn. Striate Clover.

Bab. Man. 86. Hook. St. Fl. 99. H. & S. 21. Galp. 60.

Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W.

Prostrate annual ; not unfrequent on sandy soils.

June, July.

1. Bury; Fornham St. Martin ; Fakenham ; Honing-
ton || ; Sapiston ; Troston and Timworth : — Stowlangtoft,
Hbb. Gas. & Ek. :— Coney Weston, E.F.L. :— Woolpit, F. :
— Barton ; Rougham ; West Stow and Santon Downham,
JSk. ms.

2. Hitcham, H. & S.

3. Lowestoft, Hbb. Blk. & F. :— Bungay, H. & S.

4. Dunwich || :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Blaxhall, E.N.B. :— Felixstowe, W. H. Purehas :—
Aldeburgh, Ms. Davy.

First record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

113

8. T. scabmm, Linn. Bough Clover.

Bab. Man. 87. Hook. St. Fl. 99. H. & S. 21. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W.

Small annual ; not common ; on sandy soils.

May to July.

1. Elveden 1 1 ; Eriswell and Euston : — West Stow and
Mildenhall, Sir C.J.V.B. : — Cavenliam and Eisby, W.J. : —
Coney Weston, E.F.L. : — Bury, SirT. G. Cullum:— Roug-
ham, Sk.ms. : — NeAvmarket Heath, Bay.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. F. : — Bungay, Woodward : — Gorles-
ton, I). Turner.

4. Dunwich || : — Walberswick, Holmes.

5. Aldeburgh andBlaxhall, E.N.B. : — Felixstowe, W.J.
: — Bawdsey, W.L.N. : — Slaughden, Crabbe : — Wood^bridge,
Sir J. Cullum : — Orford Castle.

Earliest notice 1696. Ray.

[T. squarrosum, Linn. Squarrose Clover.

1. Hengrave, Sir T. Gage, 1813, in Hb. Sk.

2. Lawshall, Sir. T. Gage, fide, E. Sk.
Earliest notice 1813. Sir T. Gage.]

10. T. maritimum, Huds. Sea-side Clover.

Bab. Man. 87. Hook. St. Fl. 98. H. & S. 21. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. ?

Annual ; native of salt-marshes ; very rare. June, July.

3. Possibly at one time a native of this district. Salt-
marshes near Yarmouth, (Suffolk) Wiyy. The specimen
in Hb. Sk. is from Yarmouth.

5. Shingle Street, Hollesley, Holmes.
Earliest notice 1804. Wigg.

11. T. SUbterraneum, Linn. Burrowing Clover.

Bab. Man. 87. Hook. St. Fl. 97. H. & S. 22. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E and W

Annual ; on sandy pastures ; neat and compact in
flower, straggling and prostrate in fruit, ultimately burying
its seed-vessels ; not very frequent. May, June.

1 . Honington || ; Sapiston || ; Woolpit Warren, J. Easor :
—Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Gas. : — Rougham,
Jllackett :— Fornham and other heaths, Sir T. G. Cullum.

3. Lowestoft, Hb.Blk.: — Bungay, Stock: — Southwold,
Holmes : — St. Margaret's (E.A.H.), Galp.

114

4. Dunwich : — Framlingliam, Crabbe: — Gt. and Lit..
Glemham, E.N.B. : — Redgrave Fen, Collins.

5. Felixstowe, Prof. Hens. : — Barliam, T.B. : — Wher-
stead, Haward : — Aldeburgh, C.B. & W.J., & Ms. Davy.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

12. T. glomeratum, Linn. Clustered Clover.,

Bab. Man. 88. Hook. St. Fl. 99. H. & S. 22. Galp. 61.

Top. Bot. Sufi:. E.

Small innual ; usually on the gravelly sea-coast ; rarely
inland. June.

1. Coney Weston ||, E.F.L. :— West Stow Heath:—
Barnham, C.B.

3. Lowestoft ||, Hb. Blk. :— Gorleston, D. Turner :—
Southwold ; Bungay and Homersfield, Holmes.

4. Westleton 1 1 ; Dunwich and Walberswick : — Middle-
ton, Davy : — Sweffling, Crabbe : — Friston, E.N.B. : — Sax-
mundham, Hay : — Gt. Glemham, Crabbe.

5. Orford Castle : — near Ipswich, Rev. H. Williams in
Hb. Geld. : — Aldeburgh :— Blaxliall and Tunstall Heath,
E.N.B. :— Felixstowe, Prof. Hens. :— Blackheath, Hb. Sk. :
— Woodbridge, Sir J. Cullum.

Earliest record 1690. Ray.

14. T. suffocatum, Linn. Throttled Glover.

Bab. Man. 88. Hook. St. Fl. 99. H. & S. 22. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 127.

Small plant in the sea-sands ; annual ; rare. June.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Gorleston, Sucldiny : — South-
wold || , Holmes : — Bungay, H. d- S.

4. Dunwich, Davy :— between Aldeburgh and Leiston,
Holmes.

5. Felixstowe || : — Landguard Fort, C.B. : — Bawdsey,
W.L.N. : — Aldeburgh, Crabbe : — near Orford high Light-
house, Holmes.

First record 1800. Sir T. G. Cullum.

15. T. repens, Linn. Dutch or White Clover..
Bab. Man. 88. Hook. St. Fl. 100. H. & S. 22. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 61.

Perennial herb ; plentiful in pastures and meadows.

May to September.
Well represented in all the districts. Two abnormal

115

forms in Hb. Geld.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

*16. T. hybridum, Linn. Alsike Glover.

Bab. Man. 88. Hook. St. Fl. 100.

Naturalized. July to September.

Var. T. cler/ans, Savi.
Hook. St. Fl. 100.

1 . Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 .

2. Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Nayland.
4. Weybread, H.B.C.

Earliest notice about 1850. Mrs. French.

17. T. fragiferum, Linn. Strawberry Clover.

Bab. Man. 88, 89. Hook. St. Fl. 100, 101. Hist. Fram. Hist.
Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 61.

Perennial ; in damp pastures, especially near the sea.

July, August.

1. Honington 1 1 to Ixworth ; Livermere ; Pakenham,
Hb. Cos. ; Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. ; Barton and Mildenhall,
Sir C.J.F.B. :— Tostock, Mrs. Terry :— Horringer ; Rush-
brooke ; Rougham and Haughley, 8k. ms.

2. Bildeston :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens.:
—Kersey, E.F.L. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. St. Olaves 1 1 Gorleston ; Belton ; Benacre ; Wor-
lingham and Bungay : — Carlton Colville, Dr. Trimen :—Brey-
don Water, Phyt.N.S. 1862 :— Oulton, McAub.

4. Redgrave and Peasenhall : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :
—Thorpe, Sir O.J.F.B. :— Wetheringsett, Hb. Pec*:— Mend-
ham and Weybread, Galp.

5. Aldeburgh ; Bawdsey ; 0 lay don : — Hemingstone,
T.B. :— Felixstowe, E.Sk.i — Wherstead, Haward:— Bark-
ing, Miller.

First notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

[T. resupinatum, Linn. Resupinate Clover.

Bab. Man. 89. Hook. St. Fl. App. 530.
Perennial. A casual, or perhaps a stray. July.

3. Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen, 1859, also Hb. 8k.]

•18. T. procumbens, Linn. T. agrarium, Huds.

Hop Trefoil.

116

Bab. Man. 89. Hook. St. Fl. 101. H. & S. 22. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp 61.

Annual ; very frequent in pastures and on road-sides.

June to August.
Common in all the districts.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

19. T. minus, Sin. T. dubium, Sibtli. Lesser Trefoil..

Bab. Man. 89. Hook. St. Fl. 101. H. & S. 22. Hi&t. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. 8uff. E. and W. Galp. 61.

Small annual ; frequent in dry pastures. June to Aug.
Common in all the districts.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

20. T. filifbrme, Linn. Slender Trefoil.

Bab. Man. 89. Hook. St. Fl. 101. Hist. Fram. Hist. Yarm.
H. & S. 22. Top.Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 61 .

Small prostrate annual ; usually on light soil.

June, July.

1. Honington || ; Fakenham and Elveden : — Barton,
Hb. Elk. :— Stowlangtoft, Rk. :— Bury, 8k. ms. :— Kentford,
Rev. F. Tearle :— Thetford Heath, A.B. :— Eisby Heath, E. S..
Marshall : — Bushbrooke, Hb. Ly.

2. Lit. Thurlow, F.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk.: — Southwold, Holmes: — Bungay,
H. & S. :— Homersfield, H.B.C. :— St. Margaret's (E.A.H.),
Galp.

4. Walberswick : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Snape and
Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Wortham Ling, E. S. Marshall.

5. Felixstowe : — Wherstead, Haicard.
Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Falcatula, Brot.

1. F. ornith.Opodioid.es, Bab. Triyonella-

ornithopodioides, DC. T. purpurascens, Lam. Venwjreek..

Bab. Man. 89. Hook. St. Fl. 94. H. & S. 21. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Small prostrate annual ; gravelly places near the sea ;
rare. June, July.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. • — Southwold, Holmes.

4. Walberswick, Holmes.

5. Aldeburgh, C. B. : — Felixstowe 1 1 , Hb. Blk. : — Bawd-

117

sey Ferry, W.L.N. :— Orford, F.

Earliest notice 1805. Rev. G. Crabbe.

Lotus, Linn.

1. L. COrniculatus, Linn. Bird's- foot Trefoil.,

Bab. Man. 90. Hook. St. Fl. 102. II. & S. 22. Hist.Yarm.
Hit-t. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 61.

Small perennial, very common in pastures. June to Aug..
Frequent in all the districts.

Var. L. tennis, W. & K.

Bab. Man. 90. Hook. St. Fl. 103. Hist.Yarm. Top. Bot
Suff. E.

1. Thelnetham Fen||.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk., 1860. 4. Dunwich ||.

5. Orford; Bawdsey : — Woodbridge, H.SS.: — Bent-
ley, Miller.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. L. major, Scop. L.Hli(/inosus,Sclik. L. pilosus, Beeke..

Greater Lotus.

Bab. Man. 90. Hook. St. Fl. 103. H. & S. 22. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 61.

Perennial, frequent on the edge of streams and in damp,
places. July, August..

Common in all the districts.
I860. Henslow and Skepper.

Anthyllis, Linn.

1- A. Vlllneraria, Linn. Kidney Vetch, Lady's Fingers.,

Bab. Man. 90, 91. Hook. St. Fl. 102. H. & S. 23. Hist. Bury.
Galp. 61. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Perennial ; on dry or on chalky pastures ; frequent in
West, rare in East Suffolk. June to August.

1. Elveden, || ; Wangford ; Culford Heath ; Fakenham ;
Wordwell and Knettishall :— Thetford Heath, A.B. : — Bar-
ton Hb. Elk. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Barton Mills ; Mil-
denhall, and by the Newmarket Road, Sir C.J.F. B. : — Caven-
ham, W.J. : — Icklingham, E.N.B. : — Lackford, Hb. Ly.-. —
Bury, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

118

2. Cockfield, G.B. : — Risby ; Barton Mere and West-
ley, S. & S. : — Harrow Bottom ; Higliam and Lakenheath,
JSk. ms.

3. Chediston, introduced with seed, Galp.

5. Claydon : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Bramford, Miller.
Earliest record 1778. Sir J. Cullum.

Astragalus, Linn.

1 . A. hypoglottis, Linn. Purple Milk Vetch.

Bab. Man. 91. Hook. St. Fl. 104. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot.

:Suff. W.

Small showy perennial ; on chalky or dry heaths and
pastures. June, July.

1. Elveden || : Troston || ; Barnham and Culford Heath
:— Risby Heath, C.B. : — between Bury and Thetford, Hb.
Blk.: — near Mildenhall, Newmarket Eoad and near Herrings-
well, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Newmarket, Rev. F. Tearle: — Caven-
ham ; Barrow Bottom ; West Stow Heath; Westley ; Barton,
Sk.ms. : — Icklingham and Thetford, A.B. : — Lackford, Hb.
Ly. ' In and near the large plantation of Scotch firs before
you come to Cavenham, chalky and dry,' Sir J. Cullum,
Tuesday, June 1st, 1773. :— Tuddenham Heath, Hb. Wils.
Earliest notice 1597. Gerarde.

3. A. glycyphyllos, Linn. Wild Liquorice.

Bab. Man. 91. Hook. St. Fl. 104. H. &S. 23. Hist. Bury.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; usually in chalky soil ; some-
what rare. June.

1. Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. :— Stow-
langtoft, Rk.: — Barton Mills and Herringswell, Rev. F. Tearle:
— Fornham St. Martin, E.Furster,jun. : — Ixworth, Sk. ms. :
— Bury, Sir %. G. Cullum.

2. Acton sand-pit : — Whatfield, H. & S. : — Chilton and
Sudbury, Sk. ms. : — between Cornard and Sudbury, Ger.

5. Shrubland and Needham Market 1 1 : — Coddenham 1 1
T.B., MX. Davy, & Hb. F. : — Hemingstone, F. Fox : — between
Claydon and Baylham, F. : — Greeting, Hb.Jeffcs: — Wher
;stead, Hflifnril :— Whitton, Mil!<T, E.N.B.
Earliest notice 1597. Gerarde.

119
Vicia, Linn.

'. monantnos, Linn. Ervwn monantkos, Linn..

One-flowered Lentil.

A casual ; native of the South of Europe. June, July..
5. Ipswich Docks ||, on ballast.
June and August, 1885. Hind.]

1. "V. llirsuta, Koch. Ervum hirsutum, DC..

Hairy Tare. Tine Tare.

Bab. Man. 92. Hook. St. Fl. 107. H. & S. 23. Hist. Fram,
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 62.
Small straggling annual ; frequent in fields and hedges..

June to August..
In all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. "V. tetrasperma, Mamch. Ervum tetraspermum, Linn.

Smooth Tare.

Bab. Man. 92. Hook. St. Fl. 107. H. & S. 23. Hist. Fram,
Hist. Yarm. Tob. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 62.

Small straggling annual ; in fields and hedges.

June to August..

1. Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Coney Weston, E.F.L. : —

Honington?# <£ S.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcliam, Hb. Sk. :— Stoke || and
Wiston :— Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Flixton, Galp.

4. Bendham, E.N.B. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : —
Weybread, H.B.C. :— Wortham, Collins :— Mendham Hill,
Galp.

5. Stutton 1 1 ; Ipswich: — Grundisburgh, T.H.: — Gt.
Bealings, Moor : — Offton, H. cC- S. : — Brantham, Sk. ms. : —
Ramsholt, Sir J. Cullum, 1773 : — Greeting, Miss Sheppard in
Hb. Jeffes : — Banks of Gipping, I. S. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. V. gracilis, Lois. Ervum gracile, Linn,

Slender Lentil.
Bab. Man. 92. Hook. St. Fl. 107.

120

Smill strangling annual; in fields and thickets ; rare.

June to August.

2. Nayland :— Washdall Wood, Thurlow, Hb. F.
About 1840. Mrs. French.

f>. V. Cracca, Linn. Tinted Vetch.

Bab. Man. 93. Hook. St. Fl. 107. H. & S. 23. Hist. Frarn.
Hist. Wber. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Climbing herbaceous perennial, frequent in hedges.

June to August.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[7. V. bitliynica, Linn. Rouyli-podded Purple Vetch.
Bab. Man. 93 Hook. St. FL 109, 10.
Perennial herb ; in bushy places on gravelly soil.

July, August.
Near Beccles, Crabbe in Ms. Davy. Probably an error.]

8. V. sepium, Linn. Bush Vetch.

Bab. Man. 94. Hook. St. Fl. 108. H. & S. 24. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 62.

Herbaceous perennial, very common in hedges.

June to August.
In all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

.10. V. lutea, Linn. Yellow Vetch.

Bab. Man. 94. Hook. St. Fl. 108. H. & S. 24. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff E.

Perennial herb ; on pebbly ground, usually by the sea.

June to August.

1. Among Lucerne at Brandon ||, W. J. Cross.

5. Orford light-house ||, Hde : — Aldeburgh, Sir J. K.
Smith: — ' Orford beach, the side next the river, Mr. Hum-
phrey,' DHL Ilai/. Hort. Ch: tC- K.X.U. : — ' between Landguard
Fort and Felixstowe, A.B. 1872 :~Whitton Church-yard,
J/s. Davy : — Felixstowe, Her. A. L. Williams.
Earliest record 1775. Humphrey.

11. V. sativa, Linn. Common Vetch.

Bab. Alan. 94. Hook. St. Fl. 109. H. & S. 24. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wbcr. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 62.

121

Annual, largely cultivated ; fields and way- sides.

May, June.
In all the districts.

b. V. angustifolia, Roth.

Bab. Man. 94. Hook. St. Fl. 109. Galp. 62.

1. Euston to Ixworth Thorpe ; Thetford : — Mildenhall
:and Gt. Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Culford Heath, Gray : —
Tostock, Hb. Cas. :— Herringswell, Rev. F. Tearle : — Santon
Downham, Hb. Sk. : — Eougham, Sk. ms. : — Westley, Hb.
Wih. 1832 :— Fornliam, Hb. Ly.

2. Nayland and Stoke. 3. Bungay, Stock.

4. Dunwich and Westleton : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Orford ; Bentley; Needham Market and Ipswich : —
Blaxhall, E.N.B.

c. V. Bobartii, Forst.

Bab. Man. 94. Hook. St. Fl. 109.

1. Honington || ; Knettishall || ; Euston to Ixworth
Thorpe ; Thetford ; Elveden and Brandon ; Mildenhall : —
Santon Downham, Hb. Sk. : — Culford Heath, Gray •. — Stow-
langtoft, Ek.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland and Polstead.

3. Oulton, McAub. 5. Aldeburgh.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

12. V. lathyroides, Linn. K Spring Vetch.

Bab. Man. 94, 95. Hook. St. Fl. 109. Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot, Suff. E. and W. Galp. 62.

Small prostrate annual ; on sandy soil ; not common.

May, June.

1. Thetford || ; Honington || ; Sapiston || ; Elveden ;
Fakenham: — Mildenhall, Hbb. Blfc. $ Suit. : — between Stow-
langtoft and Norton, Hb. Ek. : — Icklingham, Hb. Sk. : —
Bury and West Stow, H . <& S. : — Fornham and Cavenham,
,SV,-. ws. :— Risby Heath, E. 8. Marshall.

3. Burgh Castle, Wi(j<i : — Bungay, Stock. :- — Homers-
field, H.B.C. :— Southwold, J.H.G.

4. Westleton 1 1 :— Lit. Glemham, E.N.B :— Framling-
ham and Sweffling, Crabbc : — Huntingfield, Holland : — Mel-
lis, Collins.

5. Barham, H b. F. :— Blaxhall and Tunstall Heath,
•E.X.B.:— Felixstowe| | :— Aldeburgh, Crabbe :— Greeting, Hb.

122

Jeffes : — Kesgrave, I.S. Soc.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Lathyrus, Linn.

1. Ti. Apliaca, Linn. Yellow VetchUny.

Bab. Man. 95. Hook. St. Fl. 110. H. & S. 24. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.and W.

Annual ; in sandy fields ; rare. May to August.

1. Fornham St. Martin, Hb. Blk. : — Lit. Saxham, Hb.
Ek. :— near Barton Church, Sir C.J.F.B. :—' Border of u
field near Hawstead,' Dr. Bromfteld : — ' Gravel-pit near Sick-
lesmere,' Sir T. G. Cullum : — Stanton, Miss SheppardinHb.
Jeffes.

2. Preston Hall ||, C.B. : — Preston, near the Church,
W.J. :— near Sudbury, J.S.H. :— Long Melford, J.F.W. :--
Naughton, H. & S. : — Whepstead, Mrs. Sevan.

3. Clay-pit at Bungay, Stock and Dr Woodward in Hb.
Geld.

5. A ballast casual at Ipswich || : — Baylham, Hb. F. :
— Hemingstone, F.Fox.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. L. Nissolia, Linn. Grass Vetchling,

Bab. Man. 95. Hook. St. Fl. 110. H.&S. 24. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 62.

Annual ; on banks and bushy places ; not frequent.

June.

1 . Stowlangtoft, H b. Dun. : — Fornham St. Martin, H b.
Blk. & Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Naughton, H. & S. 3. Bungay, Stock.

4. About Parham and Easton, Crabbe : — Darsham, Ms.
Davy : — Mendham Hill, Galp.

5. Baylham ||, H b.F. : — between Foxboro' Hall and
Melton Asylum, Moor : — Burstall, F. Fox : — Felixstowe and
Ipswich, W.L.N. : — Falkenham, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[L. splisericus, Retz. Bound-seeded Vetehling.

Bab. Man. 95. Hook. St. Fl. App 530.
Annual ; a ballast casual, native of the South of Europe.

June, July.

5. Young plant, not in flower ; Ipswich Docks ||, June,
1885. Hind.]

123

.

4. L. pratensis, Linn. Meadow Vetchling.

Bab. Man. 95. Hook. St. Fl. 111. H. & S. 24. Hist Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 63.

Herbaceous perennial ; very common in meadows and
pastures. July, August.

In all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6- L. silvestris, Linn. Everlasting Vetchling.

Bab. Man. 96. Hook. St. Fl. 111. H. & S. 24. Hist. Bury
Top. Bot. SuflE. E?. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; not frequent ; in woods and
thickets. July to September.

1. Woods at Gt. Saxham, Sir T. G. Cullum :— Hard-
wick, Hb. Ly. :— Troston ?.

2. Trundley Wood, Thurlow 1 1, Hb. F. :— Gallow Hill
and Wood Hall Lane, Sudbury, Dr. White.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Bramford Wood, Ips. Portf. •
—Banks of Orwell, Miller.

Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

L. palustris, Linn. Marsh Vetchling.

Bab. Man. 96. Hook. St. Fl. 112. H. & S. 24. Top. Bot.

Suflf. E arid W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes and boggy meadows ;
rare. June, July.

1. Lakenheath, F.K.E. in Hb. Ly. : — Tuddenham, Hb.
Wih. :— -near Euston Bridge (? Norf. or Suff.), Hb. Salm.

3. Marshes at North Cove and Barnby, Holmes-. —

Burgh Castle marshes, Hb. Budd. : — Belton Bog, Paget :

Oulton Broad, McAub. : — Carlton Colville 1 1, Hb. 8k. : Bec-

cles and Worlingham, F. Turner : — Flixton, Wigg : — Roos
Hall marshes, R. E. Leach.

5. Casually on ballast at Ipswich docks 1 1, 1885.

Earliest notice circa 1698. Buddie.

8. L maritimus, Big. Sea Pea.

Bab. Man. 96. Hook. St. Fl. 112. H. & S. 24. Top. Bot. Suff. E.
Herbaceous perennial ; on the shingly sea-shore ; rare.

July, August.

124

5. Several good-sized patches East of Landguard Fort r
— Aldeburgh | , Hbb. F. & Elk. :— Orford Beach, Hb. Cos. :—
Orford Light-house, Hele : — Shingle Street, Holmes : — Wal-
ton, Ips. Port/. : — ' On the long baich of stones running from
Aldeburgh toward Orford in Suffolk ; on the end next Orford
abundantly,' Eay : — Felixstowe, Miller.
Earliest record 1556. Caius.

9. L. macrorrhizus, Wimm. Orobus tuberosus, Linn..
Tuberous Vetchlirnj.

Bab. Man. 96. Hook. St. Fl. 112. H. & S. 24. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in woods and the bor-
ders of fields throughout the greater part of Great Britain-
It has, however, not been found in Cambridgeshire, nor in
the three Northern divisions of Essex ; and it is doubtful
whether it has been found in Norfolk. As regards Suffolk,
one locality only has been given for it in H. & S. The Editor
has been resident for upwards of fourteen years on that spot,
and has looked for it in vain. There is, however, a specimen
in the late Mr. Skepper's Herbarium, with the authority
J. G-edf/e, no locality given. The plant is mentioned in the
journal of Sir J. Cullum, under the date May 3rd, 1776. It
is also given for West Suffolk in the Appendix to the Cybele
Britannica, but on the authority of -H. & S. We much fear
that there has been some mistake in regarding it as a native
of the County.

1. Honington, H.&S.?

Ornithopus, Linn.

1. O- perpusillus, Linn. Common Bird's- foot*

Bab. Man. 97. Hook. St. Fl. 105. H. <fc S. 23. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 61.
Small prostrate annual ; usually on light dry soil.

May to July.

Frequent in all the districts.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Hippocrepis, Linn.

1. TT. comosa, Linn. Horseshoe Vetch*.

125

Bab. Man. 97. Hook. St. FK 106. H. & S. 23. Hist. Bury.
Top. Hot. Sufi. E. and W.

Small perennial ; on dry chalky banks ; rare.

May to August.

1. Eisby Heath ||, C.B. : — Newmarket Heath, Hb. Rk. :
- — Barton Mills, near Mildenhall, on grassy slopes in the great
chalk-pit, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Dalham, Eev. F. Tearle : — Barrow
Bottom, Sk. ms. : — « Plantation of Scotch firs before you come
to Cavenham,' Sir J. Culluin.

2. Sudbury, as you go from Cornard Church, Ger.
5. Offton and Somersham, H. & S.

Earliest record 1597. Gerarde.

Onobrychis, Gcert.

1. O. sativa, Law. Sainfoin. Cock's-head*

Bab. Man. 97. Hook. St. Fl. 106. H. & S. 23. Top. Bot.

Suff. W. Galp. 62.

Herbaceous perennial, largely cultivated as fodder ;
native on chalky soil ; local. June, July.

1. Barnham||; Ingham ; Bury; Barton Mills and
Haughley : — Herringswell, and in chalk-pits at Mildenhall,
Sir C.J.F.B. : — Newmarket, Hb. Blk. : — Pakenham, Hb.
Can. : — Walsham, H b. Dun. : — Risby Chalk-bank, Sk. ms. : —
Westley, Hb. Wils.

2. Cockfield, W. J. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens :— Clare.

3. Oulton, McAub : — Bungay, Dr. Woodward : — St.
Margaret's, Galp.

4. Mendham, an escape, H.B.C.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Grundisburgh, T.H.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

ROSACE/E.

Prunus, Linn.

1. P. communis, Huds. Plum*

Bab. Man. 100. Hook. St. FL 114. H. & S. 25. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. B . and W. Galp. 63.

Deciduous shrub ; very common in hedges and thickets.

April, May*

126

a. P. spinosa, Linn. Sloe. Blackthorn.
Frequent in all the districts.

b. P. insititia, Linn. Bidlace*

1. Woolpit || , F. : — Badwell Ash ; Lakenheath ; One-
house ; Harleston and Shelland.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Henstead.

4. Dunwich and Westleton : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.
6. Gt. Bealings, Moor.

c. P. domestica, Linn. Wild Plum.

1. Honington || ; Pakenham and Market Western || : — -
Walsham, Hb. Dun. : — Shelland and Icklingham.

2. Polstead and Stoke.

3. Hopton and Henstead: — Blundeston, G.Cloivesin
Hb. Geld.

4. Sibton and Westleton :— Weybread, H.B.C.

5. Alderton and Hollesley.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. P. PaclllS, Linn. Bird Cherry.

Bab. Man. 100. Hook. St. Fl. 115. H. & S. 25. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Cyb. Br. App. ? Galp. 63.

Small deciduous tree ; doubtfully wild in Suffolk ;

thickets. May.

1. Honington ||; Gt. Barton and Coney Weston,

apparently introduced ; seemingly native in a copse at Caven-

ham: — Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle: — Santon Downham, Norgate.

8. * Fritton Wood, not wild,' Paget: — Gunton Wood,

G. Clowes in Hb. Geld.

4. Framlingham, in woods, Crabbe : — Hoxne, Galp.
Earliest notice 1798. Kev. G. Crabbe.

3. P. AviuiTL, Linn. Wild Cherry. Gean.

Bab. Man. 101. Hook. St. Fl. 115. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
<5alp. 63.

Tall deciduous tree ; in woods and hedges ; not common.

May,

1 . Fakenham Wood 1 1 ; Cavenham ; Troston and
Stowlangtoft : — Dalham, Rev.F.Tearle: — Eougham; Saxham
and Bradfield, Sk. ms.

127

2. Polstead and Wiston : — Stoke-by-Nayland, Gray r
— Hitcliam and Stanstead, Sk. ms. Known in Suffolk as the
Polstead Cherry, MM.

4. Yoxford, T.W.G. :— Weybread, H. B. C. :— Oakley,.
Collins.

5 . Bentley : — Ashbocking, F. C. S. : — Needham Market,,
E. Clowes : — Barking, H b. Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1797. T. Martyn.

4. P. Cerasus, Linn. Dwarf Cherry^

Bab. Man. 101. Hook. St. Fl. 115. H.&S.25. Hist. Fram.
Deciduous shrub ; in woods and thickets ; not frequent.

May.

1. Euston || ; Coney Weston ; Elveden and Wether-
den :— Stanton, Hb. Cos, :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :— Fel-
sham Wood, W.J. : — Saxham, Sk. ms.

2. Long Melford : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Fritton. 4. Sibton : — Framlingham, Crabbe*
5. Stutton.

Earliest notice 1696. Dale.

Spiraea, Lmn.

2. S. Ulmaria, Linn. Meadowsweet*

Bab. Man. 101. Hook. St. Fl. 116. H. & S. 25. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wber. Top. Rot. Sufi0. Galp. 63.

Herbaceous perennial ; common by streams and ditches..

June to August ..
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. S. Filipendula, Linn. Dropwort*
Bab. Man. 101. Hook. St. Fl. 116. H.&S. 25. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Bury Top. Bot. Suff. E. ? and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in chalky pastures and heaths.

June, July*

1 . Bardwell ; Barnham ; Fakenham ; Honington ;.
Ixworth and Troston 1 1 ; Eisby and Higham : — Walsham,
Hb. Dun. :— Fornham, Hb. Sk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. : —
Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Culford Heath, Gray :— Market Wes-
ton, E.F.L. : — Cavenham and Newmarket, F. : — Tudden-
ham, Rev. F. Tearle : — Bury, SirJ. Cullum : — Westley and
Culford, H. & S.

128

2. Gt. Bradley, Hb. F.

4. Cookley : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Burgate, C. J.
Ashfield.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Sanguisorba, Linn.

1. S- officinalis, Linn. Potcrium officinale, Hook. fil.

Great Burnet.

Bab. Man. 102. Hook. St. Fl. 129. H. & S. 26. Top. Bot.
€uff. W ?.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes and boggy meadows.

June to August.

1 . Tlielnetham Fen 1 1 ; Hinderclay Fen : — Laken-
heath, F. K. Eagle.

4. Palgrave, Collins.

Earliest notice, probably 1810. F. K. Eagle.

Poterium, Linn.

1. P. Sanguisorba, Linn. Lesser Burnet.

, Bab. Man. 102. Hook. St. Fl. 128. H. & S. 27. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry and chalky pastures.

June to August.

1. Bury || ; Market Weston || ; Fornham St. Martin ;
Troston, Bardwell and Fakenham ; Brandon ; Elveden ;
Higham and Wangford :— Barton, Hbb. Elk. & Rk. :— Stan-
ton, Hb. Gas. : — Eisby Chalk Bank and Barrow Bottom, Sk.
ms. : — Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle : — Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. : —
Mildenhall, C.B.

2. Long Melford and Acton : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :
— Sudbury, J.8.H. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Gorleston,
J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

3. Oulton, McAub. 4. Stuston, Collins.

5. Bramford, I.S.Soc.: — Claydon and Shrubland : —
Lit. Blakenham, Hau-ard.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4 2. P. nmricatum, *S/Mr/». Muricated Burnet.

a. P. platijphyllum, Jord.

Bab. Man. 102. Hook. St. Fl. 129. Galp, 66.

129

Herbaceous perennial, usually a stray from cultivation.

June, July.

1. Fakenkam ||, in a stoverfield ; Higliam : — Culford
Heath, Gray.

4. Mendham hill, Galp.

Earliest notice 1878. Rev. J. D. Gray.

Agrimonia, Linn.

1. A. Eupatoria, Linn. Agrimony*

Bab. Man. 102. Hook. St. Fl. 128. H. & S. 27. Hist. Fram.
Hiat. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 65.
Herbaceous perennial ; common in borders of fields.

June, July.
In all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Alchemilla,

1. A. Vlllgaris, Linn. Lady's Mantle.
Bab. Man. 103. Hook. St. Fl. 127.

Perennial herb ; usually in hilly pastures ; rare in
Suffolk. June to August.

2. Cockfield 1 1 , C.B. : — between Lidgate and Cowlinge,
Rev. F. Tearle.

5. Hemingstone ?, T.B. :— Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.
Earliest record 1776. Sir J. Cullum.

2. A. arvensis, Linn. Parsley Piert.

Bab. Man. 103. Hook. St. Fl. 127- H. & S. 26. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 65.
Annual weed ; frequent in dry sandy fields.

May to August.
In all the districts.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Potent! I la, Linn.

2. P. anserina, Linn. Silver-weed.

Bab. Man. 104. Hook. St. Fl. 125. H.&S.26. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 65.

Perennial weed of prostrate habit ; by way- sides.
Very common in all the districts. June, July.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

130

3. P. argentea, Linn. Hoary Cinque/oil.

Bab. Man. 104. Hook. St. Fl. 125. H. & S. 26 Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 65.

Herbaceous perennial, on dry banks and gravelly places.

June, July.

1. Hopton||; Fakenham ; Honington ; Sapiston, and
West Stow : — Pakenham Hb. Elk. : — Stowlangtoft and Tros-
ton, Hb. Cas. :— Woolpit, Hb. F. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :
— near Bombay, Mildenhall, SirC.J.F.B. : — Cavenham, W.J.
: — Barton Blackett : — Fornham, H. & S.

2. Nayland : — Polstead, H. <£ 8.

3. Burgh Castle Walls, Paqet; Bungay, Stock : — Lowes-
toft, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld. :— Oulton, McAub. :—
Homersfield : — Flixton, Galp.

4. Westleton| | :— Sweffling, E.N.B. :— Palgrave, Collins
:— Walberswick, J.H.G.

5. Felixstowe : — Blaxhall, E.N.B. : — behind Kesgrave
Bell, Moor. :— Freston, W.L.N. :— Wherstead, Haward :—
Orford, near the Castle, E.N.B. :— Greeting Hills, Hb. Jeff™
Woolver stone, Hb. Ly.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

•4. P. verna, Linn. Spring (Mnquefoil.

Bab. Man. 104 Hook. St. Fl. 125. Hist. Bury. Top.

Bot. Suff. W. ?

Small prostrate perennial ; on dry banks ; very rare.

April, May.

1. West Stow Heath 1 1 : — ' Icklingham, 10 miles from
Bury, Sir Jno. Cullum'': — ' near Culford and Lackford is found
P. verna ' Dill. Bay in Hort. Oxon. : — see also extract under
Anemone Pulsatilla : — there are two specimens in Hb. 8k. ,
the first without locality, 'communicated by F.K. Ect(/lc, Esq.'
the second labelled. ' The lower I found near Icklingham
with the Anemone Pulsatilla ' : — ' On a bank at Cavenham
Severals,' Sir C.J.F.B. : — ' Beyond Bisby Heath Fir Plan-
tation,' Sk. ms. : — ' Canham (Cavenham) Heath, near Bury,
Suffolk, Woodward.' With. :—' Sir Thomas Gery Cullum,
Bart., observed it many years since near Bury in Suffolk,'
M.M. 'Chalk-bank at Cavenham Severals, Sir T. G. Cullum
:— Bury, June, 1833, Hb. Wih.

Earliest notice, April 20, 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

6. P. reptans, Linn. Creeping Cinque foil.

Bab. Man. 105. Hook. St. Fl. 125. H. & S. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 65.

131

Prostrate herbaceous perennial ; on waysides & pastures.

June to September.
Very common in all the Districts.

Two small forms occur : one with very short petioles
and broadly obovate leaflets at Bardwell and Flempton 1 1 :
the other with long petioles, leaflets narrowly obovate and
much connected at Lackford 1 1 .

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

7. P. Tormentilla. TormentiL

Bab. Man. 105. Hook. St. Fl. 124. H. & S. 26. Hist. Yarm.

Hirft. Wher. Top Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 65.

Herbaceous perennial ; on heaths and in woods.

June to August.
Common in all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

P. procumbens, Sibth. Procumbent Cinque/oil^

Bab. Man. 105. Hook. St. Fl. 125. H. & S. 26. Hist. Yarnu
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks ; not common.

June to August.
1. Lackford and Cavenham : — Eisby Heath, H b. Wils.

3. Lound ; Lane at Belton, near Browston Hall, Wigg :
— Wood at Gorton, D. Turner : — Lowestoft, Sk. ms.

4. Botesdale||.

Earliest notice 1805. Dawson Turner.

9. P. FragariastrUHl, Ehrh. Barren Strawberry.

Bab. Man. 105. Hook. St. Fl. 126. H. & S. 26. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 65.

Small prostrate perennial ; on banks and in woods.
Frequent in all the districts. April, May.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Comarum, Linn.

1. C. pallistre, Linn. Potentilla Comarum, NestL

Marsh Cinque/oil.

Bab. Man. 105-6. Hook. St. Fl. 124. H. & S. 26. Hist. Yarm,
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and S.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs and marshy ditches.

July.

. 132

1. Euston || ; Ixworth Thorpe and Hopton ; Caven-
ham ; Santon Downham ; Lakenheath and Brandon : — -
Lackford, Hb. Rk. :— Tuddenham, HI. Sk. :— Mildenhall,
abundant in peaty bogs and fen ditches, Sir C.J.F.B. : — •
West Stow, Blackett: — Coney Weston, Sk.ms. : — Eriswell,
C.B.

2. Sudbury, J.S.H.

3. Beccles; Belton; Fritton; Lound and Kessingland :
— Lowestoft, H b. Blk. : — Bungay, Stock : — Benacre, E.N.B. :
— Somerleyton, Sk. ms. : — Oulioii,McAub. : — Barnby Broad;
Worlingham, E. E. Leach.

4. Kedgrave Fen : — Edge of Westleton Moor, Ms. Davy.

5. Bramford, Miller.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Fragaria, Linn.

1. F. vesca, Linn. Wood Strawberry .

P.ab. Man. 106. Hook. St. Fl. 123. H. & S. 26. Hist. Frarn.
Hist. Wher. Hif-t. Yarrn. Top. Bot. Suff. K. arid W. Galp. 65.
Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and on hedge-banks.

May, June.
Common in all the districts.

First notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

t2. F. elatior, Ehrh. Hautboy Strawberry.

Bab. Man. 106. Hook. St. Fl. 123.
Herbaceous perennial ; in woods ; rare. June to Sept.

1. Bury, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

2. Woods at Great Bradley \\,Hb. E.
First notice 1851. Mrs. French.

RubUS, Linn.

1. R. Idaens, Linn. Raspberry.

Bab. Man. 107. Hook. St. Fl. 117. H. & 8. 25. Top. Bot.
Stiff. E. and W. Lindl. Syn. 92.

Prickly shrub, roots perennial, stems biennial; in woods,
thickets, and on heaths ; not very common. June.

Distributed through all the districts. A form with mi-
nute leaves in Polstead Marsh ||.
- ; Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

133

2. R. plicatus, TF. & N. II. sulcatus, Vest.

Folded Bramble.

Bab. Man. 107, 8. Hook. St. Fl. 118. Lond. Cat. 419.

Lindl. Syn. 92.

Prickly shrub ; on heaths. June, July.

2. Cockfield, C.B. 3. Fritton||.
First recognized 1870. Dr. Babington.

3. R. nitidus, W. <t- N. (not Bell Salt.) Shining

Bramble.

Notes Br. Rubi. 3. Lond. Cat. 421.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges and thickets. July, August.

3. Helton ; Gorleston || ; Fritton.
First recognized 1882. Hind.

5. R. affinis, W. & .V. Allied Bmmbte.

Bab. Man. 108. Notes Br. Rubi. 5. Lond. Cat. 422. Hook.
St. Fl. 118.

Prickly shrub ; in heaths and woods. July, August.

3. Hopton|j.

First recognized 1882. Hind.

6. R. LindleianilS, />"'«. Lindleifs Bramble.
Bab. Man. 108. Hook. St. Fl. 118. Lond. Cat. 424. Galp. 63.
Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July, August.
1 . Honington || ; Fakenham and Sapiston.

2. Wiston : — Polstead, Gray. 3. Covehithe.

4. Redgrave || :— Weybread, H.B.C.
First recognized 1882. Hind.

6. R. rhamnifolius, TF. <# Ar. Buckthorn-leaved

Bab. Man. 109. Hook. St. Fl. 118. Notes Br. Rubi. 6.

Lond. Cat. 425. Galp. 63. Lindl. Syn. 94.

Prickly shrub, in hedges and thickets. July, Aug.

1. Nowton, Hb. Wils. 3. Flixton, H.B.C.
First recognized 1833. Hb. Wilson.

9- R. raXTLOSUS, Blox. Branching Bramble.

Bab. Man. 109. Hook. St. Fl. 118, • Notes Br. Rubi. 7.

Lond. Cat. 428.

Prickly shrub ; thickets. June, July.

2. Polstead Marsh, E.F.L.

First recognized 1885. Rev. E. F. Linton.

134

11. !R. pubescens, W. & N. Pubescent Bramble..

Bab. Man. 110. Notes Br. Rubi. 11. Lond. Cat. 431.
Prickly Shrub ; in hedges and thickets. July, Aug.

1. Troston Heath and Ixworth Thorpe.
5. Felixstowe.

First recognized 1885. Hind.

12- H. rusticanUS, Mere. R. discolor, W. & A^

Common Bramble.

Bab. Man. 110. Hook. St. Fl. 119. Notes Br. Rubi. 12

Lond. Cat. 432. H.&S. 25. Galp. 64. Lindl. Syn. 95.

Prickly shrub ; very common in hedges and thickets.

Widely distributed in all the districts. July, August

A plant belonging to this or the next form with white
fruit from Needham Market, Miss Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

13. ]R. leilCOStacliyS, Sm. White panicled Bramble..

Bab. Man. 111. Hook. St. Fl. 119. Notes Br. Rubi. 13.

Lond. Cat. 433. Galp. 64. Lindl. Syn. 95.

Prickly shrub ; In hedges, woods and thickets.

July, August.

2. Wiston 1 1 : — Nayland and Polstead, Gray : — Kersey,
E.F.L. : — a form of this with crimson blossoms occurs in a
wood near Nayland.

3. Flixton, H.B.C.

Var. /('. conspicuus, P. J. Mull. R. vestitus, Weihe.

Bab. Man. 111. Hook. St. Fl. 119. Notes Br. Rubi. 14.

Lond. Cat. 433. b.

1. Sapiston || ; Coney Weston.

2. Wiston ; Polstead : — Stoke-by-Nayland, Gray.
5. Bawdsey.

First recognized, 1883. Hind.

15. R. pyramidalis, Kalt. R. kirtijblius, Miill.

Pyramidal Bramble.

Bab. Man. 111. Hook. St. Fl. 119. Notes Br. Rubi. 15.

Lond. Cat. 434.

Prickly shrub, in heathy places. July, August.

1. Troston.

First recognized 1881. Hind.

135

18. B. Salteri, Bab.

Bab. Man. 112. Hook. St. Fl. 119.

Loud. Cat. 437.

Prickly shrub ; in woods and hedges.
2. Wiston .

R. calvatus, Blox.

Hook. St. Fl. 119.

Salter's Bramble.
Notes Br. Rubi. 18.

July, August.

Bald Bramble.
Notes Br. Rubi. 18.

Var.

Bab. Man. 112.
Lond. Cat. 437. b.

3. Fritton || ; Henstead.

First recognized 1882. Hind.

*18. B. carpinifolius, W. & N. Hornbeam-leaved

Bramble.

Bab. Man. 112. Hook. St. Fl. 119. Notes Br. Rubi. 18.*

Lond. Cat 438. Galp. 64. Lindl. Syn. 93.

Prickly shrub ; in open places. July, August.

1. Honington || ; Sapiston Grove.

2. Wiston, E.F.L. : — Polstead, Gray.

3. St. Margaret's (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Redgrave Fen.

First recognized 1882. Hind.

19. B. Villicaulis, W. & N. Shaggy-stemmed Bramble.

Bab. Man. 112-3. Hook. St. Fl. 119. Notes Br. Rubi. 19.

Lond. Cat. 439.

Prickly shrub ; in woods and hedges. July, August.
1. Honington || ; Fakenham 'and Sapiston.
First recognized 1881. Hind.

22. B. Maasii, Focke. Maas' Bramble.
Notes Br. Rubi. 22. Lond. Cat. 440.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July, August.

3. Henstead I] .

First recognized 1886. Hind.

23. B. macrophyllllS, W. & N. Long-leaved

Bramble.

Bab. Man 113. Hook. St. Fl. 119. Notes Br. Rubi. 23.

Lond. Cat. 441. Galp. 64. Lindl. Syn. 93.

Prickly shrub ; in woods and thickets. July, August.

1. Troston || ; Fakenham Wood ; Eisby Heath, in a
Grove II.

136

4. Mendham Priory Plantation, Galp.

Var. b. R. SchlectcndalU, W. & N.
Bab. Man. 113. Notes Br. Rubi. 23. Lond. Cat. 441. b.
Prickly shrub ; in woods and thickets. July, Aug.

4. Weybread, H.B.C.

Earliest notice 1885. Eev. F. W. Galpin.

Var. c.

Bab. Man. 113.
Lond. Cat. 441. c.
3. Benacre

R. amplificatus, Lees.

Hook. St. Fl. 119.

Var. d. R. glabratus, Bab.
Bab. Man. 113. Hook. St. Fl. 119.
1. Fakenham || ; Troston.
First recognized 1881. Hind.

Notes Br. Rubi. 23.

Notes Br. Rubi. 23.

*25. B. rabicolor, Blox.

Notes Br. Rubi. 25. Lond. Cat. 444.
Prickly shrub ; in woods and thickets.
2. Polstead, Gray. 4. Mellis

First recognized 1886. Hind.

Ruddy Bramble.

July, Aug.
and Burgate.

28. B. thyrsiflorus, W. & N. Thyrsus-flowered

Bramble.

Var. R. philyrophyllus, L. & M. Lime-leaved Bramble*
Notes Br. Rubi. 28. Lond. Cat. 446. b.
Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July, August.

1. Honington || ; Ixworth Thorpe.
First recognized in 1884. Hind.

29. B. rosaceus, ir. & N.

Bab. Man. 115. Hook. St. Fl. 121.

Lond. Cat. 447.

Prickly shrub ; in woods and thickets.

1. Fakenham Wood [| ; Shelland.

2. Polstead, Gray. 4. Mellis.

Rose-like Bramble.
Notes Br. Rubi. 29..

July, Aug.

Var. R. Hystrix, Weihe.
1. Fakenham Wood || ; Sapiston.
First recognized 1881. Hind.

Porcupine Bramble^

137

32. H. echinatTlS, Lindl. R. rudis, Weihe, not Focke*

Hedqehoy Bramble.

Bab. Man. 116. Hook. St. Fl. 120. Notes Br. Rubi. 32.

Lond. Cat. 452. Lindl. Syn. 93.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges and thickets. July, Aug..

1. Fakenham Wood.

2. Wiston 1 1 : — Nayland and Polstead, Gray.
First recognized 1884. Hind.

H. rudis, Focke. Rough Bramble..

Notes Br. Rubi. 32.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July, August..

4. Mellis||.

First recognized 1887. Hind.

33. H. Radula, Weihe. Scraper Bramble.

Bab. Man. 116. Hook. St. Fl. 120. Notes Br. Rubi. 33..

Lond. ''at. 455 Galp. 64.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges and thickets. July, August-

1. Ixworth Thorpe. 2. Wiston ||.

4. Weybread, H.B.C. : — Mendham Priory Plantation,.
Galp.

Earliest notice 1884. Hind.

34. H. Kcehlerij Weihe. Kcehler's Bramble*

Bab. Man. 117. Hook. St. Fl. 120. Notes Br. Rubi. 34..

Lond. Cat. 456. Lindl. Syn. 93.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges and thickets. July, Aug..

1. Bury, Lindl. Syn.

Var. b. R. infestus, Weihe.

Bab. Man. 117. Hook. St. Fl. 120. Notes Br. Rubi. 34. b,.

Lond. Cat. 456. b. Galp. 64
4. Weybread, H.B.C.

Var. e. R. jtallidus, Weihe.

Notes Br. Rubi. 34. e. Lond. Cat. 456. e. Galp. 64.

1. Troston || ; Honington.

2. Wiston : — Polstead, Gray. 4. Weybread, Galp..

Var./. R. cavatifolius, P. J. Miill.
Notes Br. Rubi. 34. f. Lond. Cat. 456. f.
1. Honington || ; Fakenham Wood.
First recognition 1841. Lindley.

138

'35. R. fllSCO-ater, Weihe?. Dark Bramble.

Bab. Man. 117, 8. Hook. St. PL 120. Notes Br. Rubi. 35.

Lond. Cat. 457. Lindl. Syn. 93.

Prickly shrub ; on heaths and commons. July, Aug.
1 . Troston ; Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 .
First recognized 1882. Hind.

36. R. diver sifolius, Lindl. Various-leaved Bramble.

Bab. Man. 118. Hook. St. PL 120. Lindl. Syn. 94. Notes
Br. Rubi. 36. Lond. Cat. 459.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July, August.

1. Honington||; Ixworth Thorpe; Wicken; Bardwell.

2. Nayland and Wiston, Gray.

First recognized 1885. Eev. J. D. Gray.

37- !R. miltabilis, Genev. Variable Bramble.

Bab. Man. 118. Hook. St. Fl. 120. Notes Br. Rubi. 37.

Lond. Cat. 460.

Prickly shrub ; on hedge banks. July, August.

1. Honington || 2. Wiston, E.F.L.

First recognized 1885. Rev. E. F. Linton.

38. R. Lejeunii, Weihe. Likely R. Fuckelii, Wirtg.
ieune's Bramble.

Bab. Man. 119. Hook. St. Fl. 121. Notes Br. Rubi. 38.

Lond. Cat. 461.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July, August.

1. Troston || ; Sapiston.

2. Polstead, E.F.L. :— Wiston, Gray.
First recognized 1882. Hind.

41. R. flexilOSUS, M. &. L. R. Guntheri, Ang. Auct.

Flexuous Bramble.
Notes Br. Rubi. 41. Lond. Cat. 463.

Prickly Shrub ; in woods. July, August.

2. Polstead, Gray.

First recognized 1884. Rev. J. D. Gray.

41* R. adornatllS, Miill. Elegant Bramble.

Prickly shrub ; in woods. July, August.
2. Polstead, E.F.L.

First recognized 1884. Rev. E. F. Linton.

139

42. R. saxicolllS, P. J. Miill. R. humifusus. Weihe,

Rock Bramble.

Bab. Man. 119, 20. Hook. St. Fl. 121. Notes Br. Rubi. 42.

Lond. Cat. 464.

Prickly shrub ; in woods and thickets. July, August.
2. Wiston j| :— Polstead Marsh, E.F.L.
First recognized, 1884. Eev. E. F. Linton.

43. R. foliosus, Weihe. Leafy Bramble*

Bab. Man. 120. Hook. St. Fl. 121. Notes Br. Rubi. 43.

Lond. Cat. 465.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July, August.

2. Polstead, Gray.

First recognized . Eev. J. D. Gray.

45. H. pendulums, Miill. Hanging Bramble.

Notes on Br. Rubi. 45.

Prickly shrub. July, August.

2. Polstead Marsh ||, Gray.

First recognized 1886. Eev. J. D. Gray.

48. R. BalfonriamiS, Blox. Balfour's Bramble*
Bab. Man. 121. Hook. St. Fl. 118. Notes Br. Rubi. 48.

Lond. Cat. 470. Galp. 64.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July August..

1. Honington ||; Fakenham.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland : — Polstead, Gray.

3. Eushmere : — St. Margaret's, (E.A.H.) Galp.

4. Dunwich ||.

First recognized 1881. Hind.

49. H. COrylifoliuS, Sm. Hazel-leaved Bramble*
Bab. Man. 121. Hook. St. FL 118. Notes Br. Rubi. 49.

Hist. Yarm. Lond. Cat. 471. Lindl. Syn. 93.

Prickly shrub ; very frequent in hedges and thickets.

June to August,

a. R. sublustris, Lees.

1. Pakenham, Hb. Cas. -.—Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.:—
Honington \ \ .

2. Kersey, E.F.L. 3. Gorleston and Oulton.
4. Dunwich || ; Eedgrave.

140

b. E. conjungens, Bab.

1 . Honington 1 1 ; Troston ; Sapiston and Ixworth
Thorpe.

2. Acton : — Polstead, Gray.

c. R.fasciculatus, P. J. Mull. E. purpureus, Bab.
1. Honington 1 1. 2. Nayland, Gray.

3. Kessingland.

First recognized 1840. Mrs. Casborne.

50. R. deltoideus, P. J. Mull. 11. althwifolius, Host.
Deltoid Bramble.

Bab. Man. 122. Hook. St. Fl. 118. Notes Br. Rubi. 50.

Loud. Cat. 472. Galp. 64.

Prickly shrub ; in hedges. July, August.

1. Troston || :— Hardwick, Hb. Wils.
3. St. Peter's Lane, South Elmham, Galp.
First recognized 1833. Steggall.

51. R. SCabrosUS, P. J. Mull. E. tuberculatus, Bab.

Scabrous Bramble.

Bab. Man. 122. Notes Br. Rubi. 51. Lond. Cat. 473. Galp. 64.
Prickly shrub ; in hedges and on commons.

July, August.

1. Sapiston ; Euston || and Badwell Ash.

2. Nayland, Gray :— Cockfield, C.C.B.

3. St. Margaret's (E.A.H.) Galp.

First recognized 1871. Prof. 0. C. Babington.

NOTE. — Several Eubi from Polstead await further ex-
amination. Among these it is possible that E. melanoxylon,
M. & W., E. pilocarpus, Gr., and other forms new to Britain,
may occur.

52. B. caesius, Linn. Dewberry.

Bab. Man. 122. Hook. St. Fl. 118. Notes Br. Rubi. 52.

Lond. Cat. 474. H. & S. 25. Lindl. Syn. 94.

Prickly shrub ; with glaucous prostrate stem ; and fruit
having a caesious bloom ; frequent in hedges and thickets.

June, July.

a. E. umbrosus. Bab. E. agrestis, Bab.

1 . Fakenkam Wood || ; Knettishall ; Mildenhall :— Stow-

141

langtoft, H b. Rk. : — Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Onehouse and Harles-
ton : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Kessingland. 4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Needham Market : — Ashbocking, F.C.S. : — Ipswich,
Miller.

b. R. tennis, Bell. Salt.

1. Troston || ; Knettishall; Ixworth Thorpe.

2. Acton.

c. R. ligerinus, Genev. R. ulmifolius, Bab.

1. Fakenham || ; Honington ; Sapiston Grove || and
Mildenhall.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens., 1853. 4. Mellis.

d. R. intermedius, Bab.

1. Fakenham || :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk.

e. R. Pseudo-idceus, Lej.

3. Hedge near Beccles.

4. South-east of Redgrave Fen ||.
First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Geum, Linn.

1. G. urbamim, Linn. Wood Avens.

Bab. Man. 125. Hook. 8t. FL 122. H. & S. 25. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 64.

Perennial herb ; frequent in woods and hedge-banks.

June to August.
Common in all the districts.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

G. intermedium, Ehrh. Intermediate Avens.

Bab. Man. 125. Hook. St. Fl. 122. H. & S. 25. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp woods ; a supposed
hybrid. June, July.

1. Stanton:— Bradiield St. Geo., Mrs. Carss.SHb. Ly.

2. Cockfield ||, Dr. Wood, C.B. :— Hitcham, H. S S.

5. Bergholt, Dr. White.

First record 1860. Mrs. Carss.

142

GT. rivale, Linn. Water Avens...

Bab. Man. 126. Hook. St. Fl. 122. H. & S. 25. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Snff. W. Galp. 65.

Herbaceous perennial, in moist woods ; form fl.ore-pleiu>
at Gedding. June, July.

1. Fakenham Wood || : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Cul-
ford Heath, Gray: — Lackford, Hb. Ly. : — Gedding ||, J.
fiasor : — Drinkstone, F. : — Woolpit Wood, T.B. :— Wether-
den : — about Bury, Sir. T. G. Cullum : — Beyton, Hiss Stey-
gall, Hb. Wils. :— Rushbrooke Glade, Blackett :— Bradfield
St. George, Mrs. Carss.

2. Bull's Wood, Cockfield, Dr. Wood, C.B. :— Hitcham,
Prof. Hens. : — Sudbury, J.8.H. : — Hartwood, Tlmrlow, and
Lit'. Thurlow, Hb. F.

4. Stradbroke Rectory, Galp.

5. Baylham, F. Fox :— Bergholt, H. & S. :— Sprough-
ton, H award.

First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Rosa, Linn.

1. B. spinosissima, Linn. Burnet Hose.

Bab. Man. 126. Hook. St. Fl. 129. H. & S. 27. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Buiy. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small prickly shrub, perennial ; in sandy soil, especially
near the sea-shore. May, June.

1. Market Weston || ; Barnham ; Norton, Hb. Rk. : —
Cavenham Severals, Sir. T. G. Cullum.

2. Polstead.

3. Lowestoft and Fritton, Sk. ms. : — Pakefield, G.
Clowes in Hb. Geld. : — Hedge between Southtown and Burgh
Castle, A.B. : — Reydon, Hist. Southwold.

4. Dunwich : — Thorpe, Hcle : — Westleton, Ms. Davy.

5. Shrubland 1 1 :— Gt. Bealings, Moor.
Earliest notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

5. R. tomentosa, Sm. Downy Eose.

Bab. Man. 127. Hook. St. Fl. 130. H.&S.27. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff.,B. and W. Galp. 66.

Prickly shrub, m hedges and woods ; frequent.

June, July.

Occurs in all the districts.

143

Var. R. stibglobosa, Sm.

1. Market Weston, E.F.L. :— Felsham ||, C.B.

2. Nayland||:— Cockfield ||, C.B. :— Little Thurlow,
Hb. F.

3. Wrentham, M.L.H. 4. Botesdale 1 1 ; Mellis.

Var. R. scabriuscula, Sm.

1 . Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Shelland :— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :
— Bury, Sir J. E. Smith.

2. Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. 4. Westleton ||.
Earliest notice 1805. Woodward and D. Turner.

6. H. rubiginosa, Linn. Sweet Briar.

Bab. Man. 127, 8. Hook. St. Fl. 131. H. & S. 27. Hist. Yarm.
Hist"! Bury. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 66.
Prickly scented shrub ; in hedges and bushy places ;
frequent in Suffolk (used to be planted to protect young
white thorn hedges from sheep, E.N.B.) May to July.

Freely distributed in all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

7. R. micrantha, Sm. Small prickled Rose.
Bab. Man. 128. Hook. St. Fl. 131. Top, Bot. Suff. W. Galp. 66.
Prickly shrub, with faint perfume ; in hedges and bushy

places. July, August.

1 . Honington ; Timworth and Troston : — Market Wes-
ton, Gray : Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Naylandll; Hartest: — Polstead, Gray. — Wiston,
E.F.L.

3. Hopton 1 1 ; Benacre||; Worlingham : — St. Mar-
.garets, (E.A.H) Galp.: — Wrentham, M.L.H.

4. Badingham, T.W.G.

5. Shrubland.

Earliest notice 1855. T. W. Gissing.

9. R. canina, Linn. Dog Rose.

Bab. Man. 128. Hook. St. Fl. 132. H. & S. 27. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E.andW.

Prickly shrub ; very common in hedges and thickets.

June, July.

Very frequent in all the districts.
Form R. lutetiana, Leman. Normal R. canina, Woods.

144

1. Honington||j Fakenham 1 1 : Thetford||; Coney
Weston ; Badwell Ash and Haughley 1 1 : — Bamingham and
Market Weston, E.F.L.

2. Long Melford ; Hartest : — Polstead, Gray : — Kersey,
E.F.L.

3. Benacre ; Beccles : — Wrentham, M.L.H.

4. Mellis.

b. R. surculosa, Woods.

1. Honington.

2. Hitcham || ; Polstead || :— Wiston, E.F.L :— Haver-
hill, Hb. F.

3. Beccles. 4. Mellis.

c. R. spliarica, Gren.

1 . Fakenham || ; Badwell Ash || ; Livermere & Haughley.

2. Polstead, Gray :— Kersey and Wiston, E.F.L.

3. Benacre : — Wrentham, M.L.H. 5. Alderton.

d. R. senticosa, Ach.

1. Badwell Ash. 2. Wiston ||, E.F.L.

5. Wrentham, M.L.H.

e. R ditmalis, Bech st.

1. Honington || ; Hinderclay 1 1 ; Fakenham ||; Ix-
worth Thorpe 1 1 ; Timworth ; Coney Weston and Badwell
Ash : — Bamingham and Market Weston, E.F.L. : — Stow-
langtoft, Hb. Rh.

2. Long Melford ; Hartest and Polstead : — Nayland,
<7rai/;— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Wrentham, M.L.H.

4. Eedgrave Fen || ; Burgate and Mellis.

5. Clay don.

/. R. biserrata, Merat.
1. Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 .

g. R. urbica, Leman.

1 . Honington 1 1 ; Ixworth Thorpe and Badwell Ash :
— Pakenham, Hb. Gas. ; Bamingham and Market Weston,
E.F.L.

2. Long Melford ; Hartest :— Polstead 1 1, Gray : — Ker-
sey, E.F.L. : — Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Wrentham, M.L.H. 4. Burgate.

145

5. Needham Market.

h. R.frondosa, Steven.

1. Ixworth Thorpe 1 1.

2. Polstead and Wiston, Gray.

3. Henstead 1 1 : — Wrentham, M.L.H. 4. ' Burgate.

i. E. arvatica, Baker.

1. Badwell Ash II and Ixworth Thorpe II ; Market
Weston, E.F.L.

2. Nayland, Gray ; Wixoe.

3. Wrentham, M.L.H. 4. Mellis.

j. R. dumetorum, Thuill.

1. Coney Weston ||. 2. Wiston ||, E.F.L.

k. R. obtusifolia, Desv. •

4. Burgate ||.

n. R. tomentella, Leman.

1. Hinderclay || : — Barningham and Market Weston,
E.F.L.

2. Polstead || and Wiston, Gray : — Nayland, E.F.L. :
— Hartest.

3. A form with cohering styles, Wrentham, M.L.H.

0. R. andegavensis, Bast.

2. Wiston. 3. Benacre||.

p. R. verticillacantha, Merat.

2. Nayland || and Wiston II, Gray.

3. Wrentham, M.L.H.

u. R. decipiens, Dumort.

1. Honington. 2.- Wiston II, E.F.L.
3. Wrentham, M.L.H.

w. R. subcristata, Baker.

1. Ixworth Thorpe 1 1. 2. Polstead, Gray.

*/. R. marginata, Wallr.

.1. Market Weston, E.F.L.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

146

R. Stylosa, Desv. Long -sty led Rose*

Hook. St. Fl. 135. Lond. Cat. 515.
Tallisli prickly shrub ; in hedges ; not frequent.

June, July.
1. Langham||.

b. R. systyla, Bast.

1. Fakenham Wood : — Cavenham, Sk. ms.

2. Cockfield, Sk. ms.

c. R. leucochroa, Desv.

2. Polstead 1 1 , Gray.

First notice 1862 ? E. Skepper.

11. !R. arvensis, Huds. Field Rose.

Bab. Man. 129. Hook. St. Fl. 134. H. & S. 27. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 66.

Trailing prickly shrub ; frequent in thickets and hedges.

June, July.

Distributed through all the districts. Proliferous mon-
strosity from Hitcham in Hb. Hens.

c. R. bibracteata, Bast.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Fakenham and Wetherden : — Mar--
ket Weston, E.F.L.

2. Thurlow, Hb. F.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Crataegus.

1. C. Oxyacantlia, Linn. Hawthorn. White Thorn.

Bab. Man. 130. Hook. St. Fl. 137. H. & S. 28. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 67.

Small spinous tree ; in hedges, where it usually is
planted ; on commons and in thickets, where it occasionally
is 25 feet high. May.

Common in all the districts.

a. C. oxyacanthoules, Thuill.

1. Fakenham || ; Euston ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Stan ton ;
Hinderclay ; Eisby ; Thetford ; Barton Mills and Mildenhall:
— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :— Tuddenham, E. Sk. :— Bury, Hb. Ly.

147

2. Stoke-by-Nayland : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — ^Cock-
field, W. J.

3. Gorleston. 4. Mellis.

5 . Stutton and Walton : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Grun-
disburgh, T.H. : — Hemingstone, T.B.

b. 0. monogyna, Jacq. (The more common form.)

1. Fakenham||; Honington ; Ixworth Thorpe and
Elveden :— Stowlangtoft H b. Ek. :— -Walsham, Hb. Dun. :—
Bury, Hb. Wils. dHb. Ly.

2. Wiston ; Nayland and Stoke.

4. Dunwich and Burgate ; Mellis. 5. Shrubland.
A form of this with clawed petals occurs at Wiston [ | .

Earliest notice .1773. {Sir J. Cullum.

Pyrus.

1. P. COmmimis, Linn. Wild Pear.

Bab. Man. 130. Hook. St. Fl. 135. H. & S. 27. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff, E. and W. Galp. 66.

Deciduous tree ; in hedges and woods ; not frequent.

April, May.

' In the hedge on the right as you go straight from
Nowton-lane into the Turnpike-road,' Sir J. Cullum : —
'Bungay, H . & S.'

a. P. Pyraster, Bor.

Bab. Man. 130. Hook. St. FL 135.

1. Troston || ; Knettishall :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek.

b. P. AchraSj Bor.

Bab. Man. 130. Hook. St. Fl. 135.

1 . Honington 1 1 ; Fakenham 1 1 and Knettishall : — Pa-
kenham, Hb. Cas.

4. Sibton Abbey.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. P. Malus, Linn. Crab Apple.

Bab. Man. 130. Hook. St. Fl. 136. H.&S. 27. Hist.fYarm
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 66.

Deciduous tree ; frequent in woods and hedges. May.
Occurs in all the districts.

148

a. P. acerba, DC.

Bab. Man. 130. Hook. St. Fl. 136.

1. Troston||; Honington ; Tuddenham and Milden-
hall :— Pakenham, HI. Cas. :— Woolpit, HI. Rk. :— One-
house : — Market Weston, E.F.L. : — Nowton, HI. Wils.

2. Clare ; Polstead and Stoke-by-Nayland.
8. Gorleston and Benacre.

4. Redgrave :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Stutton; Hollesley.

b. P.mitis, Wallr.

Bab. Man. 130. Hook. St. Fl. 136.

1. Troston 1 1 ; Honington ; Onehouse and Tuddenliam :
— Walsham, H b. Dun. :^— Woolpit, Hb. Rk. : — Fornham,
HI. Ly.

2. Clare :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb.F..

3. Gorleston and Benacre.

4. Redgrave and Sibton : — Friston, Hele.

5. Shrubland Park ; Alderton.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. P. Aucuparia, Gcert. Rowan Tree, Mountain Ash*.

Bab. Man. 131. Hook. St. Fl. 136,7. H. & S. 28. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff . E. and W.

Deciduous tree ; in hilly woods ; frequently planted.

May, June*.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Livermere and Barton, cultivated.

2. Polstead:— Rede, HI. Turn.

3. Fritton : — Lound Wood, Payet: — near Benacre
Broad, Sk. ms. : — Herringfleet, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor :— Tunstall, E.N.B. :— Dodnash
Wood, 1.8. Soc.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6. P. Aria, 8m. White Beam Tree*

Bab. Man. 131. Hook. St. Fl. 136. H.&S. 27. Cyb. Br.
Supp.?

Small deciduous tree ; on chalky soil ; not frequent.

May-

1. Hardwick Heath (planted), Hb. 8k.

2. Hitcham, Hb.Hens.

3. Near Bungay, Woodward. 4. Oakley, Collins*.
Earliest record 1805. Woodward.

149

9. 3?. torminalis, Sm. Wild Service Tree*

Bab. Man. 131. Hook. St. Fl. 136. H. & S. 28. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Small deciduous tree ; not frequent ; in woods and
hedges. April, May.

Sp. from H b. Sir T. G. Cullum, without locality, in
HI. Sk.

3. About Bungay, H. & S.

4. Darsham, Ms. Davy. 5. Helmingham, Ms. Davy*
Earliest notice 1805. Davy.

LYTHRACE/E.

Lythrum, Linn.

1. L. Salicaria, Linn. Purple Loosestrife.

Bab. Man. 132. Hook. St. Fl. 154. H. & S. 29. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 69.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks of rivers and ditches.
Frequent in all the districts. July, August.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. L. Hyssopifblia, Linn. Hyssop-leaved Loosestrife.

Bab. Man. 132. Hook. St. Fl. 154. H. & S. 29. Cyb. Br.

Supp. ? Hist. Bury.

Annual, usually procumbent ; in places where water
has stagnated ; very rare. July to September.

1. East of Barton Mere, H bb. Sk., Cas. 6 Rk. ; Sir T.G.
Cullum.

Earliest notice 1776. Sir T. G. Cullum.

Pep I is, Linn.

1. P. Portula, Linn. Water Purslane.

Bab. Man. 132. Hook. St. Fl. 155. H.&S.29. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Galp. 69.

Small annual ; on the edge of pools and streams.

July to August.

1. Troston 1 1 , H b. Cas. :— Thetford :— Icklingham, Sir
J. Cullum :— Tuddenham Heath, H. d S.

3. Bungay, H. d- S. : — North Denes, near the Light-
house, Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — near Oulton Broad, McAub.

150

4. Burgate, C. J. Ashfteld : — Walberswick, Holmes :—
Snape, H. & S.

5. Ipswich Marshes, Miller.
Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

TAMARISCACEXE.

Tarn an ix, Linn.

:*1. T. gallica, Linn. T. anglica, Webb.

Common Tamarisk.

Bab. Man. 133. Hook. St. Fl. 70. H. & S. 15. Hist. Bury.
Sea-side shrub ; introduced. July.

3. Lowestoft ; Kessingland and South wold.

4. Sizewell, old shrub.

5. Aldeburgh ; Woodbridge ; Ipswich and Walton.
All the foregoing are of recent introduction. At Landguard
Fort and Stutton||, the shrubs are large and of considerable
age ; the former were planted by General Singleton.

Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

O NAG RACEME.

Epilobium, Linn.

*1. E. angUStifolium, Linn. Bosebay.

Bab. Man. 133,4. Hook. St. Fl. 156.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; in shady places. July.

1. Mildenhall, on a wall || ; Culford, on the roof of an
'Outhouse, casuals ; Troston Heath, where it has been planted,

3. Helton. 4. Wortham, Collins.

5. Gosbeck, T. B. :— Felixstowe, H.M.8.
Only recent records.

3. E. hirsutum, Linn. Great Willow Herb.

Bab. Man. 134. Hook. St. PI. 156. H. & S. 28. Hist. Fram.
.Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 69.
Showy herbaceous perennial ; by ditches and streams.
Very frequent in all the districts. July, August.

First record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

151

4. E. parvifloram , Schreb. Small-flowered

Willow Herb.

Bab. Man. 134. Hook. St. Kl. 156. H. & 8. 28. Hist. Franu

Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 69.

Herbaceous perejmial ; in ditclies and fens. July, Aug..
Frequent in all the districts.

Form b. E. rivulare, Wahl.

1. Haugliley ; Thetford Warren.

2. Melford || ; Nayland. 3. Beccles.
4. Kedgrave Fen: — Mendham, H.B.C.

Form c. E. intermedium, Herat.

3. Beccles. 4. Kedgrave Fen ||.
Earliest known record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

5. E. montanuni, Linn. Broad Willow Herb*

Bab. Man. 134. Hook. St. Fl. 15S. H. & S.28. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 69.
Herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks. June, July..

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest known record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

8. E. tetragOHTim, Linn. E. adnatum, Griset-

Square Willow Herb.

Bab. Man. 135. Hook. £t. Kl. 157. H. & S. 28. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp places. July, August^

1. Troston ; Haugliley :— Stowlangtoft Hb. 'Ilk.:— Tud-
denham, Hb. Wils. : — Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Acton : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Kessingland : — near Bungay, Woodward in With.

4. Dunwich 1 1 : — Palgrave, Collins.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

9. E. obscurum, Schreb. Obscure Willow Herb.

Bab Man. 135. Hook. St. Fl. 157. (H. & S. 28. Top. Bot.
Sufi, in E. tetragonum.} Galp. 127.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places. July, August.

1. Fakenham; Ixworth Thorpe ; Troston; Livermere;
Barton Mills ; Mildenhall :— Pakenham Fen, Hb. Cas. & Sk.-
— Lakenheath, G. C. Druce, Rec. Club, 1883.
;£ 3. Hopton||; Bungay; Lound; Kessingland; Beccles*

152

4. Stuston ; Dunwich : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.
Earliest notice 1833 ? Mrs. Casborne.

10. E. palustre, Linn. Marsh Willow Herb.

Bab. Man. 135. Hook. St. Fl. 157. H.&S. 28. Hist. Frarn.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W.
Herbaceous perennial ; in fens and marshes.

July, August.

In all the districts ; not infrequent.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

CEnothera, Linn.

*1. CB. biennis, Linn. Biennial Evening Primrose^

Bab. Man. 136. Hook. St. Fl. 159. H. & S. 28,29. Galp. 69.
Biennial herb ; not indigenous ; tolerably frequent.

July to September.

1. Honington, a stray ||: — Barton, Hb.Blk.: — be-
tween Moulton and Kentford, Miss Bullender.

2. Oockfield, C.B. :— Sudbury, Fulcher.

3. On the sandy cliff at Kirkley, H. <& S. :— Oulton,
McAub. : — Kailway-banks at Homersfield, Galp.

5. Near Brightwell Chapel, Moor-.— Sutton, Rev. G.R.
Leathes in Hb. Rk. : — Woodbridge, Sir J. E. Smith : — Felix-
stowe, Hb. Ly.

Earliest notice 1824. Sir J. E. Smith.

Circaea, Linn.

1. C. lutetiana, Linn. Enchanter's Nightshade.

Bab. Man. 137. Hook. St. Fl. 159. H. & S. 29. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot, SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 69.
Herbaceous perennial ; in shady places. June to Aug.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

HALORAGACE>£.

Myriophyllum, Linn.

M. verticillatum, Linn. Whorled Water Milfoil*

153

Bab. Man. 137. Hook. St. Fl. 152. H. & 8. 29. Hist. Yarnu
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 68.

Aquatic perennial ; frequent in ditches, July, August.. '

1. Ixworth Thorpe Carr || ; Barton Mills: — Bury, H b~
8k. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Melford :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens, r
— The Stour at Gt. Bradley, Ray.

3. Kessingland ; Carlton Colville ; St. Olave's Bridge r
— Somerleyton, Sk. ms. : — Gorleston and Belton, Paget. : —
Bradwell, Wi<j<i : — Bungay, Woodward : — Herringfleet, Trim-
mer : — Blythford, Ms. Davy.

4. Wortham || ; Eedgrave : — Syleham, Holmes : — Mid-
dleton and Wenhaston, Davy : — Mendham Marshes, Galp.

Form M. pectinatum, DC.
Bab. Man. 137. Hook. St. Fl. 152.
1. Ixworth Thorpe Carr || .
Earliest notice 1696. Bay.

2. M. Spicatlim, Linn. Spiked Water Milfoil*

Bab. Man. 137. Hook. St. Fl. 152. H. & 8. 29. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Sufi2, (including H. alterniflorum) E. and W..

Galp. 68.

Aquatic perennial ; frequent in ponds, streams and
ditches. June, July.

1 . Ampton ; Livermere ; Bardwell ; Knettishall ;.
Thelnetham : — In the moat of the Old House, Little Saxham
Hall, Sir T. G. Cullum :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Norton, J.
Rasor :— Bury, &Felsham, Sk.ms. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.
: — -Lackford, F.K.E. in Hb. Ly.

2. Cockfield, WJ. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Brad-
field, H. d S. :— Canal at Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Benacre; Kessingland; St. Olave's Bridge; Beccles ;.
near Breydon Water: — Somerleyton, H b. Sk. : — Oulton, H*
<& S.

4. Dunwich ; Bedgrave 1 1 : — Mendham, Galp.

5. Walton || ; Bawdsey :— Otley, E.N.B.
Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

3. M. alterniflorum, DC. Alternate flowered

Water Milfoil.

Bab. Man. 138. Hook. St. Fl. 152. Top. Bot. Su£E. (under Sp. 2.>
E. and W.

154

Aquatic perennial ; in lakes and pools. May & June.

1. Market Weston Fen||; Livermere -and Ampton
Lakes 1 1 .

As no authorities are given in Top. Bot. Suff. ; it is
doubtful whether the existence of this plant in Suffolk was
ascertained before 1876. Hind.

Hippuris, Linn.

1. H. vulgaris, Linn. Mare's tail.

Bab. Man. 138. Hook. St. Fl. 151. H. & S. 29. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 68.

Aquatic perennial ; in streams and ponds ; frequent.

June, July.

1. Thelnetham || ; Knettishall ; Euston ; Honington ;
Sapiston ; Bardwell ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Lackford ; Barton
Mills ; Lakenheath ; Tuddenham : — Mildenhall, H b. Blk. \
— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. : — Culford, Gray.: — Norton, J. Rasori
— Fornham St. Genevieve, H. & 8.: — Linkwood, Barton;

Ixworth and Santon Downham, E. Sk.

2. Nayland :— Cockfield and Clare, W. J. :— Melford
Hall Mill, H. d- S.

3. Bungay ; Beccles ; Kessingland and Benacre : — -
Herringfleet, Trimmer : — Somerleyton, H. & S.

4. Wortham and Oakley : — Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Claydon : — Ashbocking, F.C.S. : — Hemingstone,
T.B. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes : — Ipswich, W.L.N.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

CUCURBITACE>£. '

Bryonia, Linn.

1. !B. dioica, Linn. Dioecious Red Bryony*

Bab. Man. 138. Hook. St. Fl. 160. H. & S. 30. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 70.

Herbaceous perennial ; in hedges and thickets.

May to September.

1. Cavenham; Tuddenham; Barton Mills ; Milden-
hall ; Lakenheath ; Brandon ; Elveden ; Risby ; Troston ;
Ixworth ; Bardwell ; Honington ; Fakenham 1 1 ; Market

155

"Western ; Thelnetham ; Wattisfield ; Onehouse and Buryr
• — Barton, Hb. Blk. : — Pakenham and Stowlangtoft, Hb. Cas.t.
— Walsham, Hb. Dun.

2. Long Melford ; Polstead and Stoke-by-Nayland : —
Cockfield, W.J. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hem. :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Beccles; BungayandMettingham: — Flixton,H..E>.(7.

4. Stuston; Eye; Dunwich and Westleton : — Wortham
Green, E. J. Ashfield :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Framling-
liam, Crabbe.

5. Orford; Sutton ; Walton; Woolverstone ; Shelly
and Stutton. : — Coddenham, F. Fox : — Hemingstone, T.B. :

- — Needham Market, E. Clowes : — Ipswich, Ips. Port/. :-^—
Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

PORTULACE/E.

Montia, Linn.

1. M. fontana, Linn. Water Blinks^

Bab. Man. 139. Hook. St. Fl. 69. H. & S. 30. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Small annual ; in wet or gravelly places. April to Aug..

a. M. minor, Gmel.

Bab. Man. 139. Hook. St. Fl. 6£.

1. Sapiston Gravel-pit 1 1 ; Hopton; Fakenham; Tros-
ton ; Barnham Heath ; Honington ; Tuddenham Heath | [; :
— Woolpit, Hb. F. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Cavenham,
E.N.B.

2. Cockfield Green, Sk. ms.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — St. Olave's Bridge, Trimmer*

4. Snape, E.N.B. 5. Felixstowe, Hb. Blk.

b. M. rivularis, Gmel.

Bab. Man. 139. Hook. St. Fl. 69.
1. Edge of ditch at Barnham.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Clayton! a, Linn.

*1. C. perfoliata, Donn. Perfoliate Claytonia*

156

Bab. Man. 139. Hook. St. Fl. 70.

Annual, not indigenous, but rapidly establishing itself,
especially where it is not kept down. April to June.

1. Honington || ; Fornham All Saints : — Stowmarket,
F. Fox : — Coombs near Finborough, Miss Pettiward, C.B. : —
Thurston, J. Rasor : — Bougham, Sk. ms.

3. Gorleston, Hb. Sk. & H. G. Glasspoole, Phyt. & in
Hb. Geld.

Earliest notice 1859. H. G. Glasspoole.

PARONYCHIACE>£.

Herniaria, Linn.

1. H. glabra, Linn. Common Rupture Wort.

Bab. Man. 140. Hook. St. Fl. 334. H. & S. 30. Hist. Bury.
'Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W.

A small annual or biennial ; on gravelly soil ; rare.

July.

1. ' Near the eighth milestone between Bury and New-
market, on the right hand side of the road leading from Bury,'
Rev. R. Relhan : — * Heath between Bury and Newmarket,
about five miles from Bury on the right hand,' Crabbe : —
* Fallow fields north of, and field east of chalk-bank, Eisby
Heath ; also Cavenham and Icklingham, A.B. : — ' Fallows
near Barrow Bottom,' Sir T. G. Cullum : — Tuddenham, IF. J. :
— ' Higham Green in several places,' Sk. ms.

3. Henham, Davy. Likely a mistake for Denham in
district 1.

Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

CRASSULACEvC.

Tillaea, Linn.

1. T. HlUSCOSa, Linn. Mossy Tillaa.

Bab. Man. 141. Hook. St. Fl. 145,6. H. & S. 31. Hist. Yarm
IHist. Bury. Top. Bot. SufiE. B. and W. Galp. 67.

A tiny annual ; on sandy heaths. June, July.

1 . 'I gathered it near Woolpit ; it is not uncommon
on sandy heaths ; I wonder therefore it is not in Hudson.
Mr. Bryant, of Norwich, told me what the plant was ; all
the specimens I found were out of flower.' Sir J. Cullum: —
Thetford Warren 1 1 :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :— West Stow,

157

Hb. Blk. — Lackford and Culford, Dill Ray in Rort. Ox. :—
Icklingham and Cavenham, Sir T. G. Cullum : — ' Mildenhall
and between Barton and Ixworth,' Sir C.J.F.B. : — Brandon,
Sir. J. E. Smith — Barnham, W.J. : — Fornham All Saints
and Santon Downham, E. Sk.

3. Lowestoft || : — about Bungay, Woodward : — Herring-
fleet, Trimmer : — Lound Heath, Paget : — Holton, H. & S.
Gorleston and Belton, Wigg : — Gorton, Phyt, 1862.

4. Westleton and Dunwich Heaths, and gravel walks
at Hoxne, Ms. Davy :— Snape, E.N.B.

5. ' Tuesday, 15th "June, 1773. I found this near Wood-
bridge,' SirJ. Cullum : — Haslewood Common and Aldeburgh,
Crabbe :— Foxhall, Trimmer :— Nacton, Sir T. G. Cullum :—
Blaxhall, E.N.B.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir. J. Cullum.

Sedum, Linn.

2. S. Telephmm, Linn. S. purpurascens, Koch.

Orpine Livelong.

Bab. Man.142. Hook. St. Fl. 147. H.&S.31. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Galp. 68. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Succulent perennial ; on hedge banks and thickets.

June, July.

1. Bardwell ; Wetherden : — Pakenham, Hb.Cas.: —
Welnetham, Hb. Sk. :— Hawstead, "Sir J. Cullum : — Woolpit,
J. Rasor: — Nowton and Rougham, Sir. T. G. Cullum.

2. Gt. Waldingfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :—
Polstead, Sk. ms.

3. Fritton 1 1 ; Bradwell :— Beccles :— Henham W.J.:—
Barnby ; Gorton ; Flixton, E. Sk. : — South Cove, Ms. Davy.
: — Bungay, Stock : — Oulton, McAub : — Homersfield, Galp : —
Barsham, E. E. Leach.

4. Wenhaston, W.J. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Wey-
bread, Galp : — Hoxne Abbey, E. S. Marshall.

5. Wherstead, Haward: — Raydon, Miller.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. S. Fabaria, Koch. Purple Orpine.
Bab. Man. 142. Hook. St. Fl. 147.

Succulent perennial ; on rocks and in thickets.

158

August, September.

1. Cross Wood, Wattisfield ||. Found by Dr. Bird,
September 17th, 1885.

3. Oulton, McAub. 4. Weybread, H.B.C.

Likely the same as ' Sedum Telephium purpureum,.
7th August, 1773,' Sir J. Cullum.

5. S. album, Linn. White Stonecrop.

Bab. Man. 142. Hook. St. Fl. 147. H. & S. 31 . Fl. Britt.

Succulent perennial ; on old walls ; (native on lime-
stone rocks). July, August..

1. Bury 1 1 ;— Southgate Street, Bury, C.B. & Hb. Sk. :
— Tuddenham, Rev. F. Tearle.

Without locality, Sir J. E. Smith.

Earliest record 1800. Sir J. E. Smith.

6. S. dasypliyllum, Linn. Thick-leaved Stonecrop.
Bab. Man. 142. Hook. St. Fl. 148. H. & S. 31.
Succulent perennial ; on old walls and roofs ; rare.

June, July.

1. Rickinghall Inferior 1 1 ; Troston Hall, on garden
walls || :— The Abbey walls, Bury, Hbb. Gas., Bk., & Sk. :—
Drinkstone, J. Easor.

Earliest notice 1837. Mrs. Casborne.

7« S. angliCTlHL, Huds. English Stonecrop*

Bab. Man. 142. Hook. St. Fl. 147,8. H. & S. 31. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. B.

Succulent annual ; native on rocks and sea-coast.

July, August.

3. Lowestoft 1 1 ; Benacre :— Hopton, Phyt. 1862 : —
South wold, Hb. Dun. : — between Yarmouth and Dunwich,
Dill. Ray.

4. Dunwich, F. Spalding.

5. Felixstowe and Aldeburgh : — Bawdsey Ferry, W.L.N.
Earliest notice 1724. Dillenius.

8. S. acre, Linn. Wallpepper. Biting Stonecrop.

Bab. Man. 143. Hook. St. Fl. 148. H. & S. 31. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 68.

Succulent perennial ; common on sandy soil, roofs and
walls. June, July.

159

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

9. S. reflexum, Linn. Eeflexed Stonecrop.

Bab. Man. 143. Hook. St. Fl. 149. H. & S. 31. Hist. Fram.
Galp. 127.

Succulent perennial ; on chalk and old walls.

July, August.

1. Vine Fields, Bury ||, Hb. 8k. :— Eriswell, E. Sk.

3. Bungay, H. & S. :— Covehithe Church, Hb. 8k.

4. Walberswick, Hb. Dun. : — Framlingham, Crabbe :
—Stratford St. Andrews, E.N.B.

5. Bergholt, H. & 8.

b. S. albescens, Haw.
Bab. Man. 143. Hook. St. Fl. 149-

1. Mildenhall 1 1 , Sir J. E. Smith, <& H bb. Blk. & Sk. :—
Rail way -cutting, Bury.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Sempervivum, Linn.

1. S. tectonim, Linn. Common Houseleek.

Bab. Man. 143. Hook. St. Fl. 149. H. & S. 31. Hist. Fram.
Galp. 68.

Succulent perennial ; on roofs, generally introduced.

July.

1. Bury; Fornham All Saints ; Honington ; Troston ;
Thurston and Elmswell : — Barton, H b. Blk. : — Walsham,
Hb.Dun.: — Woolpit, F.: — Icklingham and Thetford : —
Bradfield, Hb. Ly.

2. Nayland :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

4. Botesdale : — Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Hemingstone, T.B.

Earliest notice 1779. Sir J. Cullum.

Cotyledon, Linn.

[1. C. Umbilicus, Linn. Common Navelwort.

Bab. Man. 144. Hook. St. Fl. 146,
Succulent perennial ; on rocks and walls. June to Aug.

1. Honington, introduced accidentally with soil.

2. Bildeston, F. Fox : likely a casual.
4. Thorpe, Hb. Hele : likely a casual.]

160

RIBESEACE/E.

Ribes, Linn.

tl. IR. GroSSTllaria, Linn. Gooseberry.

Bab. Man. 144. Hook. St. Fl. 144. H.&S. 32. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 67.

Thorny shrub ; in thickets.

1. Fakenham || ; Euston ; Honington ; Bardwell and
Wattisfield :— Beyton, Hb. Wils. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. >.
• — Horringer, Hb.Ly.

2. Cockfield, W.J. :— Hitcham, Prof. H. :— Thurlow,
Hb. F.

3. Benacre :— Homersfield, H.B.C. :— Flixton, Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Stutton and Shrubland : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : —
Bosmere, Hb. Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. H. nigrum, Linn. Black Currant.

Bab. Man. 144. Hook. St. Fl. 145. H. & S. 32. Hist. -Yarm.
Galp. 67.

Shrub ; usually in moist places. April, May.

1. Sapiston 1 1 ; Troston : — Santon Downham ; Caven-
ham ; Mildenhall : — Pakenham, C. Eose in Hb. Wils. : — Co-
ney Weston, Sk. ms.

3. Near Flixton Village, Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :-Weybread, H.B.C.
Earliest notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

4. R. rubrum, Linn. Red Currant.

Bab. Man. 144,5. Hook. St. Fl. 144. H.&S.32. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 67.

Shrub ; not infrequent in woods. April, May.

1. Fakenham 1 1 ; Ixworth Thorpe |j ; Hinderclay : —
Pakenham, C. Rose in Hb. Wils. : — Cavenham Severals ; Ick-
lingham and Santon Downham, E. Sk. : — East of Hawstead,
E. 8. Marshall.

2. Polstead and Wiston : — Cockfield, W.J. : — Hitcham,
Prof. Hens.

3. Fritton Decoy, E. Sk. :— Homersfield, H.B.C.

4. Burgate and Mellis :— Badingham, T.W.G. :— Wey-

161

bread Beck, Galp.

5. Shrubland : — Ashbocking, F.C.S. : — Bosmere,
Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

SAXIFRAGACE>E.

Saxifraga, Linn.

12. S. tridactylites, Linn. Rue-leaved Saxifrage*
Bab. Man. 148. Hook. St. Fl. 141. H. & S. 32. Hist. Yarm..

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Buff. E. and W. Galp. 67.

Small annual ; on sandy heaths and old walls.

April to June.

1. Thetford 1 1 ; Brandon; Barnham Heath ; Faken-
liam ; Fornham All Saints ; Ixworth : — Bury, Hb.Blk. : —
Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Culford, Gray : — Eisby and Tudden-
ham, W.J. : — Santon Downham, Norgate.

2. Nayland 1 1 ; Stoke and Clare : — Hitcham, Prof*
Hens. : — Lavenham, W.J. : — Thurlow, Hb. F. : — Lidgate,.
liev. F. Tearle.

3. Burgh Castle Walls, Paget : — Hobland, Bradwell,,
H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Mendham, H.B.C.

5. Felixstowe|| : — Wherstead,jEte«rd: — St. Matthew's,.
Ipswich, I.S. Soc.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

13. S- granulata, Linn. Meadow Saxifrage*

Bab. Man. 148. Hook. St. Fl. 141. H. & S. 32. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 67.

Herbaceous perennial, with small tubers at the root.

May.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Fakenham ; Sapiston ; Euston ;,
Barnham and Brandon: — Barton, Hb.Blk.: — Bury, Hb.
Wils. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Thurston, Hb. Cos. :— Wai-
sham, Hb. Dun. : — Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — Woolpit, Rk.?.
— Sicklesmere, W.J. : — Mildenhall, Townsend : — Tostock,.
Mrs. Terry.

2. Cockfield Long-bog, W.J. : — Sudbury, Fulcher : —
Melford, J.F.W.

162

3. Lowestoft, E. 8k. : — Homersfield, G-alp : — Bradwell,
•J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Lit. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Metfield, H. &. S. :—
Stuston, Collins: — Hoxne, G-alp.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Ips-
wich, W.L.N. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes: — Wherstead,
Haward : — Tuddenham St. Martin, E.N.B. : — Sproughton,
I.S. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Chrysoplenium, Linn.

1. C. alternifoliuro., Linn. Alternate-leaved Golden
Saxifrage.

Bab. Man. 149. Hook. St. Fl. 142,3. H. & S. 32,33. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. Hist. Wher. Galp. 67.

Small herbaceous perennial ; on shady banks of streams.

April.

2. Nayland 1 1 , Gray :— Sudbury, J.S.H.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Mettingham and Shipmeadow,
H. & S.& R. E. Leach : — Flixton, Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham ||, E.N.B. : — Weybread, near Need-
liam Water-mill, Jas. Turner.

5. Greeting, H b. Jeffes :— Freston Wood, W.L.N. :—
near Woodbridge, Hb. Sk. :— Brightwell, H. S 8. :— Wher-
fitead, Haward.

Earliest notice 1805. James Turner.

2. C. oppositifolilim, Linn. Opposite-leaved Golden
Saxifrage.

Bab. Man. 149. Hook. St. Fl. 143. H. & S. 32. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Small herbaceous perennial ; near streams. April.

1. Stowmarket, Sk. ms.

2. Nayland 1 1 ; Polstead 1 1 : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Shipmeadow, Hb. Sk. :— Mettingham, H. & S.

4. Syleham, Ms. Davy.

5. Woolverstone : — Freston Wood & IpswichJF.L.^V. :
—Brightwell, H. & S. : — Wherstead, Haward : — Ufford, Ms.
2)avy : — Dodnash Wood, I.S. Soc. : — Martlesham, Hb. Ly.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

163

Parnassia, Linn.

1. P. palustris, Linn. Grass of Parnassus*

Bab. Man. 149. Hook. St. Fl. 143. H.&S.33. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E and W.

Jlerbaceous perennial ; in damp and marshy soil.

August to October,,

1 . Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Coney and Market Weston ;
Thelnetham and Lakenheath : — Pakenham, Herb. Cas. : —
Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :— Tuddenham Bog, Hb. Sk. :— West
Stow, Hb. F. :— Eriswell and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :—
Hesset and Drinkstone, Ger.

2. Cornard Mere, J.S.H. : — Sudbury, Fulcher : — Long
Melford, J.F.W.

3. Gorleston, Pa-get : — North Cove, Holmes : — Oulton,
McAub. : — Benacre, F. SpaUing : — Barnby ; Herringfleet
and Somerleyton, E. Sk.

4. Redgrave, H b. Dun.: — Hazlewood and Thorpe, Helei
— Benhall, E.N.B. :— Edge of Westleton Moor, F. Spalding*.

5. Aldeburgh, T.B. :— Chillesford, H. & S.
Earliest notice 1597. Gerarde.

UMBELLIFER/E.

Hydrocotyle, Linn.

1. H. vulgaris, Linn. Whiter ot, Marsh Pennywort*.

Bab. Man . 155. Hook. St. Fl. 165. H. & S. 33. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Buff. E. and W. Galp. 70.

Creeping herbaceous perennial : frequent in swamps.

May to August*.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Sanicula, Linn.

1. S. europaea, Linn. Wood Sanicle*

Bab. Man. 155. Hook. St. Fl. 166. H.&S.33. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 70.
Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in woods. June, July-
Widely distributed in Suffolk.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

164

Eryngium. Linn.

1. E. maritimum, Linn. Sea Holly.

Bab. Man. 156. Hook. St. Fl. 165. H. & S. 33. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. B.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent on sea sands.

July, August.

8. Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen : — Kessingland ; Benacre and
•Covehithe :— Southwold, Hb. Rk.

4. Dunwich, Hb. Sk. : —Thorpe, E.N.B. :— SizewelL
W.J.

5. Felixstowe : — Landguard Fort, Ger\ — Bawdsey,
W.L.N. : — Ramsholt, Sir J. Cullum: — Orford, F. Spaldin'/i

— Aldeburgh \\,Hb. Cas.

Earliest record 1597. Gerarde.

2. E. campestre, Linn. Field Erynyo.

Bab. Man. 156 . Hook. St. Fl. 165,6. H. & S. 33,

Top. Bot. Stiff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; very rare. July, August.

3. 'I found it on ye coast of Suffolk, in ye isle of
Lovingland (Lothingland), but very sparingly,' Hb. BudcL
J. of B., xrx, 55.

4. Formerly at the foot of the clay cliffs at Dunwich,
1855-56, now lost through the wasting of the cliffs, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1697. Buddie.

CiCUta, Linn.

1. C. virosa, Linn. Cowbane. Water' Hemlock.

Bab. Man. 156. Hook. St. Fl. 172. H. & S. 34. Hist. Bury.
/Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; by rivers and streams ; rare.

July, August.

1. Near Temple Bridge, Cavenham, Sir T. G. Cullum:
— Lakenheath and Brandon, E. Sk. : — Tuddenham, Rev.
Jlcmsted.

2. River at Wixoe, F. :— Kersey Mill, U.S.

3. ' Lovingland ' ie Lothingland, Kay : — « In Waveney
;at Beccles, Mr. Crowe,' Hb. Budd. & Dill. Ray in Hart. Ox. :
. — ' Banks of the Waveney between Beccles and St. Olave's ;

Oulton Broad ; Oulton Dyke,' Woodward . — Bradwell, Wigg :
•* side of Fritton Broad,' D. Turner: — Mutford Bridge 1 1, Rev.

165

(jr. R. Leathes in Hb. Blk. : — between Burgh and Belton,
Phyt. 1862. : — Herringfleet, Trimmer.

5. In the Gipping, near Ipswich, W.L.N.
Earliest record 1696. Ray.

Apium, Linn.

1. A. graveolens, Linn. Celery, Smallage.

Bab. Man. 156. Hook. St. Fl. 169. H. & S. 34. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 127.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in marshes and ditches.
Mr. C. H. Watson unaccountably omits this plant from
West Suffolk in Top. Bot., and N.B.G. June to August.

1 . Sapiston ; Barningham ; Hopton ; West Stow ;
Barton Mills: — on the river bank, Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.:
— Pakenham, Hb. Cas.\ — Nowton, Hb. Wils. : — Stowlang-
toft, Hb. Ek. :— Bury, Sir J. Cullum :— Tuddenham, E. Sk. :
— Fornham, Hb. Sk.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Burgh Castle and St Olave's : — Bungay, Stock : —
Breydon Broad, Phyt. 1862:— Lowestoft, E. Sk.

4. Blythburgh :— Framlingham, Or abbe : — Snape, E.N.B. :
— Badingham, T.W.G. :— Yaxley || and Mellis.

5. Ipswich ; Wherstead ; Sutton ; Orford ; Bawdsey ;
Stutton and Aldeburgh : — Barham, T.B. : — Gt. Bealings,
Moor :— Catawade, E.F.L. :— Orford, E.N.B. :— Melton, F.
Spalding: — Felixstowe, IV. J. : — Wherstead,#tf?mrd: — Wood-
bridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. A. nodiflorum, Eeichb. Procumbent Smallage.

Bab. Man. 156,7. Hook. St. Fl. 170. H. & S. 34. Hisc. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 70.
Herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ditches.

July, August.
Frequent in all the districts.

b. A. repens, Reichb.

Bab. Man. 157. Hook. St. Fl. 170.

1. Wangford || ; Cavenham ; Thetford ; Barnham and
'Troston.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Blk. : — Bradwell, Paget : — Bungay,
Stock : — Herringfleet, exHb. G. Cooper in Hb. Geld.

166

4. Kedgrave :— Benhall Green, E.N.B.
Earliest record 1773. Sir. J. Cullum.

3. A. inundatum, Reichb. Floating Smallage.

Bab. Man. 157. Hook. St. Fl. 170. H. & S. 34. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 71. Top. Hot. Suff. E. and W.

Aquatic herbaceous perennial ; in pools. June, July.

1 . Hopton 1 1 ; Thetford and near Barningham Park : —
Tostock, J. Rasor: — Bury, Sk.ms. : — Mildenhall, SirC.J.F.B..

2. Hitcham, H b. Hens.

3. Benacre, Hb. Sk. : — Bungay, Woodward.

4. Walberswick, Holmes : — Wingfield, Galp.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Petroselinum, Hoffm.

*1. P. sativum, Hojf'm. Carum Petroselinum, Benth.
Common Parsley.

Bab. Man. 157. Hook. St. Fl. 171. Hist. Yarm.
Herbaceous biennial ; in general reputation and use as
a garden herb ; frequently occurs as a stray. June to Aug.
1. Bury, Hb. Wils. :— Culford Heath, Gray :— Haug-

.

3. Gorleston and Belton, Phyt. 1862.

4. Framlingham Castle, Haward.

5. Felixstowe, an escape.
Earliest notice 1833. Hb. Wilson.

2. P. segetlim, Koch. Carum seyetum, Benth.

Corn Parsley.

Bab. Man. 157. Hook. St. Fl. 171. H. & S. 34. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Biennial herb ; on chalky soil and near the sea.

August, September.

1. Westley, Hb. Sk.

3. ' Mutford and Pakefield, 1860 ; hedge-bank on right
hand of footpath between Lowestoft and Mutford, about a
mile from Lowestoft, 1864,' 8k. ms.

5. Ashbocking, F.C.S.

Earliest notice 1860. E. Skepper.

167
SiSOn, Linn.

1. S. AmomTim, Linn. Stonewort. Bastard Stone

Parsley.

Bab. Man. 157. Hook. St. Fl. 172. H. &S.34. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 71.

Herbaceous biennial ; edges of ditches ; prefers chalky
soil. August.

1. Fakenham || ; Honington ; Sapiston ; Ixworth
Thorpe ; Market Weston ; Barton Mills ; Harleston and
Haughley : — Denham, C.B. : — Barton, Hb. Elk. \ — Paken-
ham, Hb. Gas. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Nowton, Hb.
Wils. : — Barningham, E.F.L. : — Bury and Hawstead, Sir
J. Cullum :— Bradfield, H. & S.

2. Nayland and Wiston :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham,
Hb. Hens. :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Henstead : — Pakefield, Dr.Trimen : — Gorleston, Wigg :
— Bungay, Stock : — Lowestoft, Sk. ms.

4. Botesdale ; Cookley ; Yoxford and Peasenhall : —
Mellis, C. J. Ashfield :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Stutton and Felixstowe : — Trimley, Trimmer: —
Grundisburgh, T.H. :— Walton, E. 8k.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

/Egopodium, Linn.

1. .ZE. Podagraria, Linn. ' Gout-weed. Bishop-weed.
Bab. Man. 157,8. Hook. St. Fl. 173. H.&S.34. Hist. Fram,
•Galp. 71. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous perennial, with underground stolons.

June, July.

Common in all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[Ammi majus, Linn. A stray. ' Among Lucerne in a
meadow adjoining Cockfield Rectory, '|| Aug. 1876, C.B. &
W.J. Dr. Babington.]

Car urn, Linn.

[1. C. Garni, Linn. Caraway.

Bab. Man. 158. Hook. St. Fl. 171. H.&S.34. Hist. Fram.
'Hist. Bury.

168

Biennial herb, in great repute for its aromatic and car-
minative seeds ; likely formerly cultivated in Suffolk, as in
Essex, whence escapes occasionally occurred. June.

1. Westley Bottom ||, Hb. Blk. :— near Bury, Mr. Cul-
lum in Withy. : — Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — in a meadow
East of Newmarket Eacecourse !

4. Framlingham, Or abbe.

5. Pastures about Bergholt, H. & S.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.]

2. C. fLexilOSUrn, Fries. Conopodium denudatum, Koch..
Earth Nut. Pig Nut.

Bab. Man. 158. Hook. St. Fl. 174. H. & S. 37. Hist. Fram.
Hist.Wher. Hist.Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 71.

Herbaceous perennial, with tuberous root. May, June.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1784. Sir J. Cullum.

Pimpinella, Linn

1. P. magna, Linn. P. wo/or, Huds. .

Greater Burnet Saxifrage.

Bab. Man. 158. Hook. St. Fl. 174. H. & S. 35. Hist.Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.andW.

Herbaceous perennial ; in shady places. July, Aug.

1. Hawstead, SirJ. Cullum & Hb. SJc. ; — Woods at
Saxham, Sir T. G. Cullum.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hem. :— Washdall Wood, Thurlow,
Hb. F. :— Lidgate, Rev. F. TearU.

3. Burgh Castle j | : — Pakefield, Dr. Trimen: — Bungay,
Stock.

4. Botesdale and Burgate ; between Burgate and
Mellis.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. P. Saxifraga, Linn. Common Burnet Saxifrage.

Bab. Man. 159. Hook. St. Fl. 174. H. & S. 35. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.andW. Galp. 71.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in dry pastures.

July to September.
Distributed throughout the districts.
A form of this growing on banks at Mettingham and
Stanton comes very near to P. magna.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J.. Cullum.

169

Sium, Linn.

1. S. latifolium, Linn. Broad-leaved Water Parsnip.

Bab. Man. 159. Hook. St. Fl. 173. H.&S. 35. Hist. Fram.
' Galp. 71. Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ditches.

July, August.

1. West Row ; Mildenliall and Lakenlieath : — Brandon,
H. & S. : — Norton, J. Rasor.

3. Bungay, Stock :— ' in tlie larger ditches near the
river at Beccles ; at Worlingham, and at No Cove, Crabbe &
E. 8k. : — Marshes between Yarmouth and Burgh Castle,'
Wifjcj :— Belton, J. T. Syme, Phyt. O.S., cxvn, 46.

4. Wortham 1 1 ; Redgrave and Stuston :— near the
Ferry, Walberswick, Holmes : — Framlingham, Crabbe : —
Huntingfield, Holland : — Mendham, Galp.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

^2. S. anglistifolium, Linn. S. erectum, Huds.

Harrow -leaved Water Parsnip.

Bab. Man. 159. Hook. St. Fl. 178. H.&S. 35. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Galp. 71. Hist. Yarra. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ditches. Aug.
Very frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Bupleurum, Linn.

1. B. tenuissinmm, Linn. Slender Hare's-ear.

Bab. Man. 159. Hook. St. Fl. 168. H. & S. 35. Hist. Yarm
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual herb ; usually found in salt marshes.

August, September.

3. ' Gorleston, near the pier ; and by the sides of
Breydon Water,' Wigg : — near Easton, J.H.G-.

4. Near the Ferry, Walberswick, Holmes.

5. Bawdsey : — * By the salt ditches in Aldeburgh Mar-
shes ; and plentifully near the river at Hollesley,' Crabbe : —
'.Orford ||, near the river bank,' E.N.B. :— Catawade, E.F.L.

Earliest notice 1805. Rev. G. Crabbe, &c.

170

4. B. rotundifolium, Linn. Thorough-wax.,

Bab. Man. 160. Hook. St. Fl. 168. H. & S. 35. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Annual herb ; in clialky corn-fields. July.

1. Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum: — Fields at Saxham, Sir
T. a. Outturn :— Lakenheatli, H. & 8.

2. Cockfield ||, W.J. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

4. Between Marlesford Common and Little Glemham,.
Freeman.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

CEnanthe, Linn.

1. CES. fistulosa, Linn. Common Water Dropwort*.

Bab. Man. 160. Hook. St. Fl. 178,9. H. & S. 35. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 72.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in marshes and ditches..

July to September.

1. Troston||; Barnham ; Livermere ; Honington ;
Coney and Market Weston ; Thelnetham : — Mildenhall Fen,
Hb. Blk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hbb. Dun. & Ek-. :— Tuddenham,
Hb. Wils. :— Thetford, W.J. :— Bury, SirJ. Cullum :— Brad-
field and West Stow, E. Sk.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Nayland, Gray : — Long Mel-
ford, J.F.W.

3. Bungay ; Belton ; Oulton ; Kessingland; Benacre;
Covehithe :— St. Olave's, C.A.W. :— Burgh Castle. H. G.
Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

4. Mellis : — Finningham,H b. Gas.: — Bendham,£\ X.B.:
— Wortham, Collins.

5. Ashbocking, F.C.8, : — Needham Market, E. Clowes :
— Ipswich, W.L.N.: — Falkenham, Haward: — near Bram-
ford, I.S. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. OH. pimpinelloides, Linn. Parsley Water

Dropwort.

Bab. Man. 160. Hook. St. Fl. 179. H. & S. 35. Hist.Yarm f
Herbaceous perennial ; in fens and marshes.

June, July.

1. 'A mile west from Bury,' Dill. Piay in Hort. Ox. :
— Tuddenham Bog ||, Hbb. Blk.& Wils. :— Lakenheatli, H.&S.

171

8. Marshes near Oulton Dyke, Hb. Sk.
4. Leiston ?, Davy.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

3. CE. Lachenalii, Gmel. Marsli Water Dropwort.

Bab. Man. 160. Hook. St. Fl. 179. H. & S. 35. Hist. Yarm.
as Sp 2. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fens and marshes, especially
near the sea. The authority and locality marked ? under
last species, likely refer to this. August to September.

1. Thelnetham Fen :— Mildenhall, H. & S. :— Tudden-
ham, Sk. ms.

3. Kessingland ; Easton Bavent ; Benacre and Cove-
hithe:— near Burgh Castle, Phyt. 1863 :— Lowestoft, Hb.Sk.:
— (Southwold ||, Hb. Blk. as (E.silai folia, Bieb.)

4. Kedgrave Fen || ; Dunwich || : — Snapeand Sizewell,
H. & S.

5. Aldeburgh; Bawdsey: — Catawade Marshes, H. & 8.
Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

4. GE. silaifolia, Bieb.? (E.peucedanifolia, Pollich ?

Sulphur wort. Water Dropwort.

Bab. Man. 160,1. Hist, Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. VV. f

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes. June.

1. (E. peucedanifolia. ' In a large wet meadow near
Westley Bottom, about a mile and a half from Bury,' Sir
T. G. Cullum : — near Bury, Matthews. Both these authori-
ties likely refer to the same locality ; and not improbably
point to the same station as the note from Dill. Hay, &c.,
under (E. pimpinelloidcs. This latter is most likely the plant
in question.

8. A plant in Hb. Blk. from Southwold, with the signa-
ture L.E., marked CE. silaifolia, Bieb.? is CE. Lacenalii,
Gmel.

5- CE. crocata, Linn. Hemlock Water Dropwort.

Bab. Man. 161. Hook. St. Fl. 179. H. & S. 35. Top Bot. Huff. E.

Large herbaceous perennial ; in marshes. July.

This plant is absent from all local Herbaria examined ;
it has been searched for in vain by recent Suffolk botanists :
it does not occur in Cambridge, nor in North Essex. The
localities here given are open to serious doubt. It is not

172

improbable that bushy plants of Celery, Apium yraveolens,,
may have been mistaken for it.

1. West Stow, H. & S., on authority of Mr. Blackett..

5. Ipswich, Ips. FL : — Barham, T.B. ? ?.

6. QB. PfrellancLriuni, Lam. Horsebanc*

Fine-leaved Water Dropwort.

Bab. Man. 161. Hook. St. FL 179,80. H. & S. 36. Hist. Yarau.
Top. Bot. Suff. K. & W. Galp. 72.

Herbaceous biennial ; in ponds and ditches.

July to September.

1. Barton Mere : — Langham, Hb.Blk. : — Stowlangtoft,,
Hb. Ek. : — Hawstead, Sir J. Outturn : — Welnetham and Fel-
sham, Sk. ms. : — Onehouse and Wetherden : — Shelland and
Stowmarket, J.Rasor: — Mildenhall and Lakenheath.

2. Wiston : — Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Sk. :— ,
Kersey, Gray : — Whepstead, E. S. Marshall.

3. Gorton || ; Beccles ; St. Olave's ; Kessingland : —
Bungay, Stock :— Burgh Castle, Paaet :— Belton, Phut. 1862:
— Flixton ; St. Margaret's, Galp.

4. Botesdale : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Huntingfield,
Holland:— Gt. Glemham, H.&S. :— Mendlesliam, Hb. Peck.

5. Ashbocking, E.F.S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

7. CE. fluviatilis, Coleman. River Water Dropwort.^
Bab. Man. 161. Hook. St. Fl. 180. Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 72.
Herbaceous perennial ? ; in rivers. July to Sep.

1. In the Upper || and Lesser Ouse throughout their
course : — in the Lark ; Mildenhall and Lakenheath.

2. In the Stour at Wixoe, Hb. F. :— Melford :— What-
field, E.F.L. :— Sudbury, C.B.

3. Bungay ; near Beccles : — Kessingland, K.N.B. : —
Homersfield, Galp.

4. In the Upper Waveney : — in the Waveney, H.B.C. : :
—in the Blyth : Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. In the Gipping.

Earliest record 1840. Mrs. French.

/Ethusa, Linn.

1. -2E. cynapium, Linn. Common Fool's Parsley*.

173

Bab. Man. 161. Hook. St. Fl. 180. H. & S. 36. Hist. Yarrn.

Top. Bot. Suff. Hist. Wber. Galp. 72.

Annual weed ; in gardens and fields. July, August..
Commonly distributed in all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Fceniculum, Hoffm.

1. !F. officinale, All. Common Fennel^

Bab. Man. 162. Hook. St. Fl. 177. H. & S. 36. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. SufE. E.

Large herbaceous perennial ; on banks, usually near
the sea. July, August.

1 . Ingham and Sapiston :— Bury, H b. Blk. : — Ampton,.
Sk. ms.

2. Stoke || :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding :— Clare Castle,.
Hb.F.

3. Burgh Castle, Gorleston and Covehithe : — Bungay,.
Stock :— Fritton, Paget :— Lowestoft, Hb. Sk.

4. Dunwich and Westleton : — Wenhaston, W.J. :—
Yoxford, H. & 8: :— Weybread, H.B.C.:— Wortham, Collins.

5. Felixstowe ; Orford ; Alderton ; Ipswich and Hol-
brooke : — Claydon, Hb. Wils. : — Woodbridge, Moor : — Aide-
burgh, H.&8.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Silaus, Besser.

1. S. prat en Sis, Besser. Sulphur Wort..

Pepper Saxifrage.

Bab. Man. 162. Hook. St. Fl. 180. H. & S. 36. Top. Bot
Sufi3. E. and W. Galp. 73.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist meadows. June to Sep..

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Sapiston ; Fakenham ; Liver-
mere ; Ampton ; Wetlierden and Haughley : — Barton, Hb.
Blk. :— Bury, Hb. Wils. :— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :— Tostock,.
Hb. Rk. : — Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : — Barningham, E.F.L.

2. Bildeston ; Melford and Nayland :— Cockfield, W.J.::
— Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Rede, Hb. Turn.

8. Benacre & Mettingham: — Bungay, Stock : — Corton,
Phyt.1862.

4. Burgate; Mellis & Westleton :-—

174

— Mendham, Galp. :— Benliall, Mrs. Toller.
5. Grundisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record 1831. Mrs. Casborne.

Crithmum, Linn.

1. C. maritinmm, Linn. Bock Samphire.

Bab. Man. 163. Hook. St. Fl. 178.

Herbaceous perennial ; usually on sea cliffs. August.

3. On sands near Southwold Pier ||, Holmes and Hist*
JSouthwold.

Earliest record 1839. E. Wake.

Angelica, Linn.

1. A. Silvestris, Linn. Wild Angelica.

Bah. Man. 163. Hook. St. Fl. 182. H. & S. 36 Hist. Fram.
!Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher, Galp 73. Top. Bot Rnff. E. and W.
Large herbaceous perennial ; in marshy places.

July, August.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Archangel ica, Hoffm.

[A. officinalis, Hoffm. Officinal Archangelica*

Bab. Man. 163. Hook. St. Fl. App. 531.
Herbaceous perennial ; occasionally cultivated.

July to September.

1. * Far from any Water, in a gravel-pit near the end
•of St. Edmund's, Bury, towards Sudbury,' Merrett, 1805.]

Peucedanum, Linn.

1. P. pallistre, Mcench. Hog's Fennel. Milk Parsley.

Bab. Man. 163. Hook. St. Fl. 183. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes and fens.

July, August.
1. Mildenhall, sparingly in fenny places, among reeds

175

and alders, especially in bogs in some of the plantations, Sir
C.J.F. B. Sp. in Hb. Borrer, A.B.

3. Marshes at North Cove and Barnby, Holmes :— St.
Olave's, Phyt.1863: — ' Worlingham Common, by the side
of the ditches, but sparingly,' Crabbe : — ' on Belton Common;
and at Blundeston,' Wi<j<j. : — ' Alder Carrs at Fritton,' £L
Turner & Hb. Sk. : — Barnby Broad ||, E. E. Leach.
Earliest record 1800. Wigg.

Pastinaca, Linn.

1. P. sativa, Linn. Peucedanum Sativum, Benth*

Common Parsnip.

Bab. Man. 163,4. Hook. St. Fl. 183. H. & S. 36. Hist. Franu
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous biennial ; on chalky banks. July.

1. Fakenham || ; Bardwell ; Stanton ; Pakenham ;
Bury; Troston ; Ampton ; Culford ; Timworth; Bisby ;.
Haughley ; Higham ; Cavenham ; Barton Mills : — Barton,.
Hb. Ek. :— Hawstead, Hb. Wils. •— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek.:—
Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F. E. :— Sicklesmere, Hb.Ly.

2. Wiston and Clare : — Cockfield, W.J. : — Nayland,,
Gray: — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :- — Sudbury, J.S.H.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Halesworth.

4. Mellis ; Dunwich ; Westleton ; Walberswick : —
Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Ipswich ; Walton; Shrubland Park: Felixstowe : —
Ashbocking, F.C.S. : — Gt. Bealings, Moor: — Grundisburgh,
T.II. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes :— Sudbourne, E.N.B.:.
Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Heracleum, IAnn.

1. H. Spllondylru.ni, Linn. Uoytweed. Coiv Parsnip*

Bab. Man. 164. Hook. St. FL 184. H. & S. 36. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Galp. 73. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in hedge-banks. July..

4. A proliferous form from the neighbourhood of Gt..
Glemham||, E.N.B.

Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

176
DauCUS, Linn.

1. D. Carota, Linn. Carrot*

Bab. Man. 164. Hook. St. Fl. 184. H. & S. 37. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Galp. 73. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Biennial herb ; very frequent in pastures and waysides.

May to August.

Common in all the districts. Abnormal form from St.
Peter's, Southelmham ||, Holmes.

Earlest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Caucalis, Hoffm.

1. C- dailCOideS, Linn. Small Hensfoot.

Bab. Man. 165. Hook. St. FL 185. H.&S. 37. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. ? and W.

Rare annual weed ; in corn-fields on a chalky soil.

June.

1. * Dry places at Little Saxham, 4 miles N.W. of
Bury,' Dill. Ray. in Hort. Ox.-. — Great Saxham, near Bury,
HI. Sk., ex Hb. Sir T. G. Cullum :— Newmarket, Winch :—
Vine-fields, Bury, Hb. Ly.

5. Ipswich, Ij)s. Fl.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

i2. C- latifolia, Linn. Broad-leaved Hensfoot.

Bab. Man. 165. Hook. St. Fl. 185.

Annual weed ; on chalky soil, in corn-fields ; very rare.

July.

1. 'Wheat-fields at Little Saxham, Sir Jno. Cullum,'
Dill. Hay in Hort. Ox. : — Newmarket, Winch.
Earliest record 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

Tori I is, Adam.

1. T. Anthriscus, Gart. Caucalis Anthriscus, Huds.
Upright Hedge Parsley.

Bab. Man. 165. Hook. St. Fl. 185,6. H. & S. 37. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual weed ; frequent in hedge-banks and thickets.

July, August.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

177

2. T. infesta, Spr. Caucalis arvensis, Huds»

Troublesome Hedge Parsley.

Bab. Man. 165. Hook. St. Fl. 186. H.&S. 37. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 73.

Annual weed ; chiefly in corn-fields. July, August.

1. Honington || ; Thetfcrd ; Mildenliall:— Horringer,.
Blackett :— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :— Bury, Hb. Wih. :— Faken-
ham, Gray : — Barton and Mildenliall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Wiston : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Burgh Castle ; Beccles and Kessingland : — Bungay,
Stock :— Bradwell, Mm Bell >.— Lowestoft, E. Sk. :— St. Mar-
garet's, (E.A.H.) Galp.

4. Peasenhall :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Framling-
ham, Crabbe : — near Weybread, H.B.C.

5. Claydon ; Bentley and Stutton : — Felixstowe, W.H.
Purchas.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

3. T. nodosa, Gcsrt. Caucalis nodosa, Scop.

Knotty Hedge Parsley.

Bab. Man. 165,6. Hook. St. Fl. 186. H. & 8. 37. Hist. Fram.
Hi&t. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top.Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual weed ; on dry banks. July.

1. Barnham || ; Honington; Ixworth Thorpe ; Bard-
well ; Sapiston ; Mildenliall ; Lakenheath : — Barton, Hb.
Blk. :— Bury, Hbb. Sk. & Wih. :— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. :—
Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. : — Ingham, Gray : — Fornham and
Cavenham, Sk. ms.

2. Acton and Melford : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Cock-
field, W.J.

3. Lcwestoft, E. Sk. : — between Southtown and Burgh
Castle, A.B.

4. Burgate, C.J.Aslifield: — Framlingham, Crabbe: —
near Weybread, H.B.C.

5. Claydon ; Orford ; Bawdsey and Felixstowe : —
Eamsholt, Sir J. Cullum : — A.ldebuYgh,-E.N.B. : — Wherstead,
Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Scandix, Linn.

1. S. Pecten-Veneris, Linn. Shepherd's Needle.

Venus' 's Comb.

178

Bab. Man. 166. Hook. St. Fl. 175. H. & S. 36. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 71.
Annual weed ; in corn and other fields. June to Sept.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Chaerophyllum Linn.

1. C. silvestre, Linn. Anthriscus silvestris, Hoffm.

Wild Chervil.

Bab. Man. 166. Hook. St. Fl. 176. H. & S. 37. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 72.
Herbaceous perennial ; in hedges and thickets.

April to June.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[C. sativum, Lam. Anthriscus Cerefolium, Hofl&n.

Garden Chervil.

Bab. Man. 166. Hook. St. Fl. 176. Withg. 386. Galp. 72.
Annual herb ; formerly in repute as a vegetable.

May, June^

3. ' On a bank near Halesworth,' Turner & Wigg in
Withg.: — ' Hedgebank between Halesworth and Wissett,'||
Holmes. The plant still continues in the same locality, where
it has flourished above ninety years.

Earliest notice 1797. Dawson Turner.]

2. C. Anthriscus, Lam. Anthriscus vulgaris, Pers.

Caucalis Anthriscus, Huds. Burr Chervil.

Bab. Man. 166. Hook. St. Fl. 176. H. & S. 37. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. Galp. 72.

Annual weed ; preferring a light soil ; on banks.

May, June.

1. Honingtonjl; Fakenham ; Euston ; Barnham ;
Thetford ; Troston ; Brandon ; Fornham All Saints : — Ash-
field, Hb. Dun. :— Bury, Hb. Wils. :— Pakenham, Hb. Cos.:
— Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. : — Higham and Cavenham, W.J. :
— Tuddenham, E. 8k.

2. Nayland ; Stoke and Clare : — Acton Sandpit, C.B. ;
Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Cockfield, W.J.

179

8. Burgh Castle and Belton :— Lowestoft, E.F.L. :—
Flixton ; St. Margaret's, Galp.

4. Dunwich and Westleton : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :
Palgrave, Collins.

5. Claydon ; Needliam Market and Walton : — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. : — Ipswich, W.L.X. : — Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1800. Sir T. G. Cullum.

3. C- temTllnm, Linn. Rough Chervil.

Bab. Man. 166,7. Hook. St. Fl. 175,6. H.&S.37. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 71.

Herbaceous perennial ; in hedge-banks. June, July.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Conium, Linn.

1. C. macnlatum, Linn. Hemlock.

Bab. Man. 167. Hook. St. FL 167. H. & S. 37. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 70.

Tall biennial herb ; in hedges and waste places.

June, July*
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Smyrnium, Linn.

1. S. Olusatrum, Linn. Alexanders.

Bab. Man. 167,8. Hook. St. Fl. 167,8. H. «fe S. 37,8. Hist Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 70.
Large biennial herb ; on waste ground, and near ruins.

May, June.

1. Bardwell || ; Ixworth :— Chalk-pits, Bury, C.B.:—
Norton, Hb. Rk. : — Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : — Thurston and
Woolpit, J. Rasor: — Newmarket, Don.

2. Clare Castle :— Hadleigh, H. & S.

3. Kessingland : — about ruins of Hopton and other
churches near Lowestoft ; Gunton and Gorton, June 1881,
C.B. : — Belton and Bradwell, Phyt. 1862 & 3 : — Bungay, Sir
J. E. Smith :— Pakefield, E.F.L. :— Homersfield, H.B.C. :
—Flixton, C.C. Bab. >.— Gorleston, Miss BellinHb. Salm.:—
Lowestoft, G. Clowes in Hb. Geld.

180

4. Dunwich ; Westleton and Eye : — Framlingham ;
€ransford and Glemham, Crabbe: — Theberton, T.W.G. : —
Huntingfield, Holland : — Darsham, 31*. Davy.

5. Stutton and Alderton: — Aldeburgh, Hb. F.\ — Bar-
ham, T.B. : — Grundisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Coriandrum, Linn.

[C. sativum, Linn. Coriander*

Bab. Man. 168. Hook. St. Fl 178. H. & S. 38. Hist. Fram.

Annual aromatic herb ; formerly cultivated, causing

occasional strays in corn-fields. June*

4. Among corn near Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. About Ipswich, Sir J. E. Smith $ Hudson.
Earliest record 1762. Hudson.]

HEDERACEXE.

Hedera, Linn.

1. H. Helix, Linn. Common Ivy.

Bab. Man. 168. Hook. St. Fl. 186. H. & S. 38. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 73.

Climbing shrub ; frequent on trees, rocks and walls.

October, November.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

CORNACE/E. ;

Corn us, Linn.

1. C. Sanguinea, Linn. Common Dogwood.

Bab. Man. 169. Hook. St. Fl. 187,8. H. & S. 38. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff E. and W. Galp. 74.

Shrub ; in woods and hedges. June.

1 . Honington ; Fakenham ; Bardwell ; Market Western ;
Eisby ; Stanton 1 1 ; Cavenham ; Tuddenham : — Barton, H b.
Elk. :— Hardwick, Hb. Wils. :— Pakenham, Hb. Gas. :—

181

Stowlangtoft, Hb.Rk.: — Walsham, Hb.Dan.: — Mildenhall,
Sir C.J.F.B. :— Coney Weston, E.F.L. :— Hawstead, Hb.Ly.

2. Melford ; Bures to Stoke ; Clare : — Hitcham, Hb.
Hens. :— Cockfield, WJ. :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Sudbury, Ful-
clier :— Hart Wood, Bradley, HJb. F.

8. Bungay ; Bradwell ; Belton ; Kessingland and
Benacre : — Flixton, Galp : — Beydon Wood, Hist. Southwold.

4. Burgate ; Mellis ; Stuston ; Brome ; Oakley ; Dar-
sham and Westleton : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Framling-
liam, Crabbe.

5. Bentley ; Shelley ; Stutton ; Shrubland :— Gt.
Bealings, Moor: — Grundisburgh,T.jH". : — Hemingstone,27..B. :
— Ashbocking, F.C.S.: — Needhana Market, E. Clowes: —
Wherstead, Haward : — Ipswich, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

LORANTHACE/E.

Viscum, Linn.

1. V. album, Linn. Common Mistletoe.

Bab. Man. 170. Hook. St. Fl. 190. H. & S. 38. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 99.

Perennial plant ; parasitical on various trees.

March, April.

1. Hawstead, on Apple, Hb. Wils. : — Ickworth Park,
Hb. Sk. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Drinkstone.

2. Wickhambrook 1 1 : — Melford and Cockfield, C.B. :
— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Thurlow, Hb. F. : — Wiston, Gray.

8. Near Bungay, on Lime ; at St. Margaret's, South-
elmham, on Crab and Maple, F. Spalding : — Homersfield,
H.B.C.

4. Framlingham, on Apple, Crabbe ; on Poplar, F.
Spaldiny. — Middleton,on Apple, F. Spalding: — Fressingfield,
Galp: — Kedgrave Park, H. G. Glasspoole : — Monk Soham,
T.W.G. : — Finningham and Hoxne, Collins.

5. Clopton and Helmingham, Moor -. — Otley, E.N.B. :
— Barham, T.B. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes.

Earliest record 1778. Sir J. Cullum.

182

CAPRI FOLIACE/E.

Adoxa, Linn.

1. A. Moschatellina, Linn. Tuberous Moschatel.

Bab. Man. 170,1- Hook. St. Fl. 190. H. & S. 39. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 74.
Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and on shady banks.

April, May.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Sambucus, Linn.

1. S. EbTllllS, Linn. Dwarf Elder. Danewort.

Bab. Man. 171. Hook. St. PL 189. H. & S. 39. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small deciduous shrub ; on banks. August.

1. Barrow and Langham||, Hb.Rk.: — Pakenham,
Hb. Cas. :— Eougham, Hb. Blk.

2. Brettenham and Boxford, H. d S.:— Sudbury, J.8.H.

3. Brampton and Rumburgh, Ms. Davy : — Halesworth,
D. Turner : — Gorleston, Wigg : — near Lowestoft, Downes : —
Somerleyton, E. Sk. :— Burgh Castle, Phyt. 1862.

4. Burgate, C. J. Ashfield : — Framlingham and Par-
ham, Crabbe : — Badingham, Ms. Davy.

5. St. Clement's Church-yard, Ipswich, M.M. : — Hem-
ingstone, T.B. : — Hintlesham, H . & S. : — Norwich Road, Ips-
wich, Haward : — Whitton, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. S. nigra, Linn. Common Elder.

Bab. Man. 171. Hook. St. Fl. 189,90. H.«fe S. 39. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 74.
Large deciduous shrub ; in hedges and woods. June. .
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Viburnum, Linn,

1. "V\ L ant ana, Linn. Mealy Guelder Rose. .

Wayfaring Tree.

188

Bab. Man. 171. Hook. St. Fl. 189. H. <fc S. 39. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Deciduous shrub ; in woods and hedges. May.

1. Ixworth Thorpe; Market Weston and Westley
Wood : — Denham, C.B. : — Stanton, Hb. Cas. : — Hardwick,
Hbb. Sk. & Wils.:— Ixworth, W.J. :— Moulton, Eev.F.Tearle:
—Bury, H. & S.

2. Acton Wood, C.B. :— Chedburgh, Miss Bell :— Hit-
cham, Prof. Hens. : — Thurlow, F.

3. Bungay, SirJ. Cullum: — Eeydon Wood, Hist. South-
wold.

5. Gosbeck, T.B. : — Barking, Miller.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

V. OpulllS, Linn. Common Guelder Rose.

Bab. Man. 171. Hook. St. Fl. 189. H. & S. 39. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot, Suff. E. and W. Galp. 74

Large shrub or small tree ; in woods and hedges.

June, July.

1. Honington || ; Fakenham ; Sapiston ; Ixworth
^horpe ; Hinderclay ; Tuddenham : — Bury, Hb. 8k. : — Now-

ton, Hb. Wils. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Felsham Wood,
W. J. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Fornham and Santon
)wnham, Sk. ms.

2. Wiston :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Lit. Bradley, Hb. F. :
— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Sudbury, J.S.H. :— Hadleigh, F.

: — Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Benacre and Bungay : — Flixton, Galp.

4. Redgrave ; Botesdale ; Mellis : — Dennington,
T.W.G. :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Huntingfield, Holland:

-Thrandeston, Collins.

5. Blunt's Wood, Woodbridge, Moor : — Hemingstone,
T.B. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes: — Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Lonicera, Linn.

11. L. Caprifolium, Linn. Perfoliate Honeysuckle.

Bab. Man. 171. Hook. St. Fl. 191. H. & S. 39. Galp. 74.
Climbing shrub ; in thickets ; rare. May, June.

1. Hawstead Vale, H. & S. : — Gazeley, Rev. F. Tearle. :
-Honington ||, introduced.

184

2. Hitcliam, Hb. Hens.

3. Bungay, H. & S. : — roadside between St. Margaret's
and St. Peter's, Galp.

4. Weybread, H.B.C.:— near Needham Mill, Suff. Galp.
Earliest record 1856. Prof. Henslow.

2. L. Periclymenum, Linn. Common Honeysuckle.
Woodbine.

Bab. Man. ltfl,2. Hook. St. Fl. 190,1. H. & S. 39. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 74.

Climbing shrub ; in woods and hedges. June to Sep.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[3. L. Xylosteum, Linn. Upright Fly Honeysuckle.
Bab. Man. 172. Hook. St. Fl. 191.

Shrub ; a Suffolk specimen is preserved in the Her-
barium of the late Mrs. French, there is no probability that it
is a native of the county. May.

2. Walks, Lit. Thurlow \\, H5. F.
Only notice 1840. ? Mrs. French.]

Symphoricarpos, Dill.

[S. racemosilS, Miclix. Snowberry Tree.

Shrub ; planted in many shrubberies and gardens, from

which strays occasionally escape. July to September.

1. Pakenham Wood ; Hinderclay, in hedges ||.

2. Nayland, Gray. 3. Worlingham.
5. Hollesley.

Earliest record 1881. Rev. J. D. Gray.]

RUBIACE>E.

Sherardia, Linn.

1. S. arvensis, Linn. Field Madder.

Bab. Man. 172. Hook. St. Fl. 195,6. H. & S. 41. Hist. Yarin.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 76.

Prostrate annual ; in fields and on hedge banks.
Frequent in all the districts. May to July. .

Earliest record 1773. Sir Jno. Cullum.

185

Asperula, Linn.

1. A. cynanchica, Linn. Quinsy-wort*

Bab. Man. 172,3. Hook. St. Fl. 195. H. & S. 41. Hist. Bury.
Top.Bot. Suflf. W.

Small perennial herb ; frequent on grassy commons and
fields with a calcareous soil ; apparently confined to the
N.W. district of the county ; from 2 to 15 inches in height..

June, Ju]y_

1. Chalk-pit, Barton Mills || ; Troston Heath || ; Cul-
ford Heath ; West Stow ; Brandon; Elveden; Eriswell : —
Cavenham, C.B. d- Hb. Sk. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. :—
Newmarket Heath, Dill. Ray & Hb. Elk. :— Mildenhall, Sir
C.J.F.B. :— Bury, H. & S. :— Icklingham ; Dalham ; Barrow
Bottom, and Eisby Chalk-bank, Sk. ms.

Earliest record 1724. Dillenius.

2. A. odorata, Linn. Woodruff*

Bab. Man. 173. Hook. St. Fl. 195. H. & S. 40. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Fragrant herbaceous perennial ; in woods and on shady
"banks. May, June.

1. Market Weston || : — Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : —
Hardwick, Hb.Wils.: — Gazeley, Rev. F. Tear le :* — Honing-
ton ||, likely introduced.

2. Hitch am, Hb. Hens. : — Woods, Stoke-by-Nayland
and Polstead, F. SpaUing : — Thriffy Wood, Lawshall, Sk.ms.

3. Chediston, Trimmer. 4. Burgate, Collins.

5 . Needham Market, E. Clowes : — Barking Wood,MZfo/v
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Gal i urn, Linn.

2. G-. Cruciata, Scop. Crossword

Bab. Man. 173. Hook. St. Fl. 193. H. & S. 40. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 75.

Perennial herb ; in woods and hedges. May, June.
Tolerably frequent in all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. GK tricorne, With. Corn Bedstraw*

Bab. Man. 174. Hook. St. Fl. 195. H. & S. 40. Hist Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 75.

186

Trailing annual ; in chalky corn-fields. June to Sep.

1. Cavenham || ; Wetherden: — Bury, Hb.Sk.-. — Bar-
ton, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Hardwick, H. d 8.

2. Cockfield ||, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb.Hens.:—Gi. Thur-
low, Hb. F. : — Lavenham, Dr. White.

3. Flixton, H.B.C. :— near Plixton Park, Galp.

4. Walberswick : — Badingham, T.W.G-.

5. Clay don and Ipswich : — Grundisburgh, T.H.
Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

4. GK Aparine, Linn. Goosegrass. Cleavers*

Bab. Man. 174. Hook. St. Fl. 194. H. & S. 40. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Stiff. B. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 75.

Trailing annual ; very frequent in hedges and thickets.

June to August.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6. Gr. angliCTim, Huds. English Bedstraw.

Bab. Man. 174. Hook. St. Fl. 195. H.&S. 40. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Small annual herb ; on old walls and sandy places.

June, July.

1. The Nunnery, Thetford || ; walls near Mildenhall
•Church j | ; Brandon 1 1 ; Icklingham : — Wangford, Rev. J".
Hemsted: — Barton Mills, E. Forster,jun. : — Vine-fields, Bury,
Hb. Sk. :— Gt. Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Cavenham, W.J.:—
on heap of chalk by the roadside on Thetford Heath, A.B.
There is no evidence of the plant having been found outside
of district 1.

Earliest record 1776. Sir J. Cullum.

•*7. Gr. erectum, Huds. Upright Bedstmw.

Bab. Man. 174,5. Hook. St. Fl. 194.
Herbaceous perennial ; on banks and pastures.

June, September.

1 . Honington 1 1 , - accidentally introduced with grass
igeed in 1880 :— Mildenhall, Hb. Elk.

4 The Grove, Badingham, T.W.G.
5. Felixstowe.

Earliest notice 1840. Lady Blake.

*GK aristatlim, Linn. Bearded Lady's Bedstraw.

Bab. Man. 175. Don. iii. 651. MM. Germ. & Swiss Fl. 233.

187

Herbaceous perennial ; a stray, likely introduced with
seed. June, July.

1. In a meadow North of Newmarket Racecourse ,||.
As the plant has a whorl of eight leaves, it agrees more
nearly with G. aristatum of Linnaeus, than with that of Sir
J. E. Smith, which has only six leaves.
First notice 1888. Hind.

8. GK MollllgO, Linn. Hedge Bedstraw*

Bab. Man. 175. Hook. St. Fl. 194. H. & S. 40. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 75.

Rampant herbaceous perennial ; in hedges and thickets.

July, August-

a. G. elatum, Thuill.

1 . Ixworth ; Langham ; Onehouse ; Harleston ; Shel-
land ; Wetherden ; Barton Mills and Westley Wood : —
Stanton, Hb. Elk. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Walsham, H b..
Dun. : — Barningham, E.F.L. : — Bury, Sk. ms.

2. Brettenham ; Stoke ; Nay land and Clare : — Hit-
cham, Hb.Hcns. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Benacre : — Flixton, Galp.

4. Cookley and Peasenhall : — Weybread, Galp : — Gt*
Glemham, E.N.J3.

5. Felixstowe; Walton; Stutton || ; Stratford St.
Mary ; Shrubland : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Hemingstone,.
T.B. : — Needham Market, E'' Clowes: — Bramford, LS. Soc.

b. G. insubricum, Gaud.

Bab. Man. 175. Hook. St. Fl. 194.

1. Market Weston || . 4. Sibton.

c. G. Bakeri, Syme.

Bab. Man. 175. Hook. St. Fl. 194.

3. Mettingham.

4. Between Yaxley and Scole ||. 5. Claydon||.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

9. Gr. verum, Linn. Lady's Bedstraw.

Bab. Man. 175. Hook. St. Fl. 192,3. H.&S.40. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 75.

Herbaceous perennial ; in dry pastures and sandy places*

July, August*

188

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

10. G-. saxatile, Linn. Heath Bedstraw*

Bab. Man. 175. Hook. St. Fl. 193. H. & S. 40. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suif. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp.75.

Small prostrate herbaceous perennial ; on heaths.

July, August.

In all the districts, but more especially in the North-west.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

12. Gr. llliginosam, Linn. Bough Marsh Bedstraw.

Bab. Man. 176. Hook. St. Fl. 193. H. & S. 40. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 75.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes and fens.

July, August.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Honington ; Euston ; Market
"Weston ; Thelnetham || ; Wangford ; Lakenheath ; West Stow :
—Barton, Hb. Elk. :— Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Pakenham Fen, Hbb.
*Cas. S Rk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Melford : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Bungay, Sk. ms. : — Beccles ; Carlton Colville : — St.
Margaret's and St. Cross, Q-alp: — St. Olave's, C.A.W.

4. Eedgrave Fen || : — Benhall, E.N.B.

5. Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

13. GK pallistre, Linn. Marsh Bedstraw.
Bab. Man. 176. Hook. St. Fl. 193. H. & S. 40. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 75.

Herbaceous perennial ; ditches and streams. June, July.
Frequent in all the districts.

Form. G. Witheringii, Sm.
Bab. Man. 176. Hook. St. Fl. 193.

1. Market Weston 1 1 ; Hopton ; Sapiston ; Thelne-
tham ; Onehouse.

2. Nayland, Hb. Gray.

4. Burgate 1 1 ; Dunwich ; Westleton.

5. Bawdsey.

Form. G. elongatum, Prest.
Bab. Man. 176. Hook. St. Fl. 193.
1. Bardwell.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

189

VALERIANACE>£.

Centranthus, Cand.

*1. C. ruber, DC. Eed Valerian.

Bab. Man. 177. Hook. St. Fl. 197. H. & S. 41.

Herbaceous perennial ; in chalk-pits or on old walls.

June to September.

1 . Thetford ; Fornliam All Saints ; cottage garden
walls, &c., Honington, established but introduced: — Walls
of Eushbrooke Hall, H. <£ S.

Earliest record 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

Valeriana. Linn.

1. V. officinalis, Linn. V. Mikanii, Wats.

Offi tin a I Va leria n .

Bab. Man. 177. Hook. St. Fl. 197. H. & S. 41. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hi&t. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 76.
Herbaceous perennial ; in ditches and marshes.

June, July.
Frequent in all the districts.

b. V. sambucifoUa, Mikan.
Bab. Man. 177. Hook. St. F1.JL97.

1. Ixworth Thorpe Carr ||.

2. Melford :— Nayland, Hb. Gray.

3. Lound ; Beccles.

4. Burgate || ; Eye ; Oakley and Mellis.

5. Needham Market : — Bosmere, H b. Jeffes.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

V. dioica, Linn. Marsh Valerian.

Bab. Man. 177,8. Hook. St. Fl. 196. H.&S. 41. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 76.

Herbaceous dioecious perennial ; in fens and marshes.

May, June.

1. Ixworth Thorpe Carr || ; Brandon; Bury ; Market
^eston ; Hinderclay and Thelnetham Fens : — Bardwell, Hb.
Blk. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft, H b. Ek. : —
Mildenhall, Sir. C.J.F.B. :— Tuddenham Bog, W.J.

190

2. Polstead Marsh| | ; Nayland :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :
— Cockfield, W.J.:— Gt. Wratting and Gt. Bradley, Hb. F. :
— Oulton, McAub.

3. Belton, Paget:— Oulton, E.N.B. : — Flixton, Galp.

4. Redgrave Fen :— Wey bread, H.B.C.: — Gt Glem-
ham and Benliall, E. Sk. : — Framlingham, in the Mere,
Crabbe : — Mendham, Galp.

5. Gt. Healings, Moor : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Need-
ham Market, E. Clowes.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Valerianella, Manch.

1. V. olitoria, Mcench. Lamb's Lettuce.

Bab. Man. 178. Hook. St. Fl. 197,8. H. & S. 41. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 76.

Annual herb ; on denes near the sea ; and on banks and
fields inland. May, June.

Frequent in all the districts.
Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

J2. V. carinata, Loisel. Keeled Corn Salad.

Bab. Man. 178. Hook. St. PI. 198.

Annual herb ; in cultivated fields, likely introduced with
the crops ; rare. April to June.

1. West of Saxham Station, E. 8. Marshall.

2. Nayland || : — Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Bungay, F. Spalding. 5. Grundisburgh, T.H.
Earliest notice 1882. Eev. T. Hedley.

4. V. dentata, Deitr. Toothed Corn Salad.

Bab. Man. 178,9. Hook. St. Fl. 198. H.&S.41. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Galp. 76.

Annual herb ; in cultivated fields and on banks.

June, July.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Wetherden || :— Culford, Hb.Blk. :
— Hessett, Hb. Wils. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Hales worth, Sir J. E. Smith : — Bradwell and Gor-
leston, Wiyq : — Easton, near Southwold, Holmes : — Bungay,
H. & 8. :— St. Margaret's (E.A.H.), Galp.

191

4. Weybread, H.B.C. :— Thorpe, Sk.m*.

5. Between Felixstowe and Landguard Fort, H. $ S.

b. V. mixta, Duxe.

Hook. St. Fl. 198.

3. Halesworth, Sir J. E. Smith, 1824.

5. Felixstowe, W.L.N.

Earliest record 1816. Wigg.

DIPSACE/E.

DipsacilS, Linn.

1. D. silvestris, Linn. Wild Teasel.

Bab. Man. 179. Hook. St. FL 199. H. & S. 41. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 76.

Tall biennial ; in hedges and borders of fields.

August, September.

1. Honington ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Stanton || ; Thur-
ston : — Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Pakenham,
Hbb. Cos. &Rk. :— Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum :— Walsham, Hb.
Dun. :— Thelnetham, J.S.S.

2. Bildeston and Melford ; Wixoe : — Hitcham, Hb.
Hens. : — Cockfield, W.J. : — Depden, Moor: — Nayland, Gray:
— Kersey, E.F.L.: — Aldham, F.Spalding : — Stanstead,.ffi>.L;j/.

3. Willingham, W. M. Crowfoot ':— Oulton, E.Sk.:—
Beccles.

4. Oakley ; Westleton and Saxmundham : — Gt. Glem-
ham, E.N.B.

5. Button: — Gt. Bealings, Moor: — Hemingstone, T.B.:
— Ashbocking, F.C.8. :— Whitton, Miller:— Belstead, LS.
Soc. : — Wherstead, Haward : — Felixstowe, W. H. Purchas.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. D. pilosus, Linn. Shepherd's Eod.

Bab. Man. 179,80. Hook. St. PL 199. • H. & S. 42. Hisc. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 76.

Tall biennial ; in moist shady places. August.

1. Ixworth Thorpe ||; Honington; Sapiston : — Barton,
Hb. Blk. :— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :
— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. : — Bury and Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum:
— Horringer, Dr. Bromfield : — Woolpit, Mrs. Parker : — Ash-
field and Felsham, Sk. ms. : — Hepworth, Hb. Salm.

192

2. Melford : — Cockfield ; Lavenham Eoad by Bretten-
ham Park and Nayland, C.B. : — Hitcham, H b. Hens. : —
Kersey, Gray: — Aldham, F. Simlding : — Lit. Thmiow, Hb.
Gas. :— Brent Eleigh, Hb. Ly.

3. Bungay, Stock : — St. Margaret's, Southelmham
Holmes : — Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen : — Beccles and Halesworth,.
D. Turner : — Chediston, Trimmer.

4. Wortliam, C. J. Ash/ield : — Gt. Glemham and Ben-
hall, E.N.B. : — frequent in hedges about Farnham ; Bend-
ham ; in the road to Bruisyard and Framlingham, Crabbe :
— Weybread and Syleham, H.B.C.: — Badingham, T.W.G. :
— Wickham Skeith, Sk. ms. : — Yoxford, Ms. Davy : — Ubbes-
ton, Mrs. Toller.

5. Campsey Ash and Stonham Parva, Trimmer : — Gt.
Bealings, Moor : — Crowfield, T.B. : — Wherstead, Haward :
— Needham Market, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Knautia, Coulter.

1. K. arvensis, Coulter. Scabiosa arvensis, Linn.

Field Scabious.

Bab. Man. 180. Hook. St. Fl. 200. H.&S.42. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 77.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fields and waysides.

July to September.
Frequent in all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Scabiosa, Linn.

1. S. SUCCisa, Linn. Devil' s-bit Scabious.

Bab. Man. 180. Hook. St. Fl. 200. H.&S.42. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 77.

Perennial herb ; in marshy pastures and fens.

July to October.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. S. Columbaria, Linn. Small Scabious.

Bab. Man. 180. Hook. St. Fl. 200. H.&S.42. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. & W.

193

Herbaceous perennial ; usually on chalky soil.

July, August.

1. Troston || ; Barnham ; Timworth ; Culford Heath ;
Elveden ; Euston ; Fakenham ; Bardwell ; Honington ;
Thurston ; Market Weston ; Eisby ; Cavenham ; Barton
Mills; Eriswell; Lakenheath; Wangford : — Barton, Hb.
Blk. :— Bury, H bb. Sk. & Wils. :— Mildenhall, SirC.J.F.B.:
— Saxham ; Barrow, Sk. ms. : — Icklingham, C.B. : — Her-
ringswell, llev. F. Tearle : — Small Heath, near Eisby, E. S.
Marshall : — Lackford, Rev. P. Lathbury.

2. Acton Sand-pit, C.B. :— Hadleigh, Dr. White.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Henham, Hb. Dun. — Lowestoft,
Sk. ms.

4. Stuston Common, Collins.

5. Claydon : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Blakenham, Ha-
ward : — Ipswich, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

COMPOSITE.

Eupatorium, Linn.

1. "F1,. cannabinUHl, Linn. Hemp Agrimony.

Bab. Man. 187. Hook. St. Fl. 203. H.&S. 42. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 77.

Large herbaceous perennial ; sides of wet ditches and
streams. August, September.

Frequent in all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Petasites,

1. P. VUlgaris, Desf. Butter-bur.

Bab. Man. 187. Hook. St. Fl. 216. H. & S. 42. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 79.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist places beside rivers
and streams. April.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[P. fragrans, Prest. Fragrant Butter-bur.

Bab. Man. 188. Hook. St. Fl. App. 532.

194

Herbaceous perennial ; an escape from cultivation ;
freely spreading on banks near shrubberies. February.

1. Stowlangtoft :— Bury, Hb. 8k.

2. Wiston ; an escape from the Eectory grounds.

3. Mettingham ; St. Peter's, Southelmham ||, in great
profusion for upwards of twenty years, Holmes : — Beccles.

4. Yoxford.

Earliest notice 1862. E. Skepper.]

TussilagO, Linn.
1. T. Farfara, Linn. Coltsfoot.

Bab. Man. 188. Hook. St. Fl. 217. H.&S.42. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 79.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fields, preferring clay soil.

March, April.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Aster, Linn.

1. A. Tripolium, Linn. Sea Stanvort.

Bab. Man. 188. Hook. St. Fl. 204. H. & S. 42. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous perennial ; on the muddy sea-shore.

August, September.

Very frequent on all the muddy parts of the sea -coast,
and in all the estuaries and tidal rivers from Burgh Castle
on the Waveney to Catawade on the Stour.
Earliest record 1831. Mrs. Casborne.

[A. ISTovi Belgii, Linn. Garden escapes of this Aster
have been found on the bank of the Minsmere at Peasenhall,
and on the edge of a pond near Gorleston. This, or a closely-
allied species, has been long established on a dry patch of
Redgrave Fen. Mr. C. J. Ashfield (see Phyt.l861,p. 323,
and 1862, p. 321.') says that it has been there as far back as
1846. Re-discovered Aug 5th, 1884.

Earliest record 1846. C. J. Ashfield.]

Erigeron, Linn.

*1. E. canadensis, Linn. Canadian Fleabane..

195

Bab. Man. 188. Hook. St. PI. 205.

A foreign annual, which has become naturalized in the
light soil of the North-west district of the county.

August, September.

1. Brandon | ; Mildenhall 1 1 ; Fakenham||;, East-
gate Railway Cutting, Bury ; Wangford :— between Wang-
ford and Lakenheath, Bolton King, Jide G. C. Druce : — Bot.
and Barrett's Gardens, Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Santon Downham,
Nor gate.

5. Ipswich, C.B. ; Wherstead ! Haward.
Earliest record 1862. E. Skepner.

2. E. acris, Linn. Blue Fleabane.

Bab. Man. 188,9. Hook. St. Fl. 204,5. H.&S.42. . Top. Bot.
Suff.E.andW. Galp. 77.

Small biennial ; on heaths and dry banks. July, Aug.

1. East-gate, Bury 1 1 ; Culford Heath ; Honington ;
Troston ; Livermere ; Thurston ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Rick-
inghall Inferior; Brandon || ; Elveden; Haughley: — Barton,
Hb. Blk. :— Horringer, Hbb. Sk. & Wils. :— Mildenhall. Hb.
Dun. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. :•— Tostock, Hb. Ek. : — Bury,
SirJ. Cullum-. — Gt. Saxham, Dr. White: — Woolpit, J. liasor:
— Cavenham and Tuddenham, Blackett: — Risby and Santon
Downham, Sk. ms.

2. Melford :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Lit. Thurlow,
Hb. F.

3. Hopton and Belton : — Lake Lothing : — Flixton,
H.B.C. :— Lowestoft, E. Sk. :— Oulton, McAub.

4. Burgate, C. J. Ashfield-. — Westleton 1 1 :— -Friston
and Lit. Glemham Park, E.N.B.: — Homersfield Heath, Galp.

5. Aldeburgh : — Blakenham and Felixstowe, T.B. : — *
Bramford ; Baylham, Haward : — Roadside at Melton, Ms.
Davy : — Woodbridge, Eev. P. Lathbury in Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Bel I is, Linn.

1. B. perennis, Linn. Common Daisy.

Bab. Man. 189. Hook. St. FL 205. H. & S. 43. Hist Yarm
' Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 77.

Herbaceous perennial; frequent in pastures.

March to October.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

196

Solidago, Linn.

1. S. Virgaurea, Linn. Golden Rod..

Bab. Man. 189. Hook. St. Fl. 205,6. H. & S. 43. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 77.

Herbaceous perennial ; not infrequent on heaths and
in woods. July to September.

Not infrequent in all the 'districts ; except the South-
west where so far no example of it has been found.

S. anc/ustifolia, Koch.
Bab. Man. 189. Hook. St. Fl. 206.
3. Covehithe 1 1 where it is the prevailing form.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Inula, Linn.

Jl. I. Selenium, Linn. Elecampane..

Bab. Man. 189-90. Hook. S. Fl. 207. H. & S. 43. Galp. 127.

Large herbaceous perennial ; in moist pastures.

July, August.

1. Eattlesden, //. & S. : — Stowlangtoft (cultivated),
Hb. Ek.

3. Mettingham, Woodward : — Stoven, by the Cherry-
tree, Wifjff, fide H. & S.

4. Framlingham, E.N.B. : — The Hall Farm, Parham,
Crabbe : — Sibton ; Bramfield and Heveningham, Ms. Davy.

5. Crowfield, T.B. .— Ufford, Crabbe.
Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

3. I. Conyza, DC. Ploughman's Spikenard.

Bab. Man. 190. Hook. St. Fl. 206. H.&S.43. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 78.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry chalky banks.

July to September.

1 . Railway Cutting, Bury 1 1 ; Haughley ; Euston and
Langham : — Fornham, Hb. Wils. : — Stanton, Hb. Dun. : —
Bury and Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — Drinkstone, F. : —
Pakenham, Hb. Ek.- : — Onehouse, J. Easor : — Little Wel-
netham, Mrs. Carss. : — Bardwell Carr, Risby, and Dalham,
E.8k.

2. Acton :— -Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Melford, J.F.W.

3. Bungay, Stock.

197

4. Mellis, C.J. Ash field: — Aspall, Miss Holden: — Gt.
Glemham and Cransford, E.N.B. : — Framlingham, Crabbe :
- — Middleton, Ms. Davy : — Mendham High Road, Galp.

5. Button and Claydon : — Baiiiam, F. : — Gt. Bealings,
Moor: — Lit. Blakenham, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[4. I. crithmoides, Linn. Golden Samphire.

Bab. Man. 190. Hook. St. Fl. 206. H. & S.
Herbaceous perennial ; in muddy salt marshes,

July, August.

The only authority for the occurrence of this plant in
Suffolk appears to be Gout/h's Camden ; probable date 1789.
In Hb. Jejf'cs is a small form of Aster Tripolium from Aide-
burgh very like I. crithmoules.

Earliest record 1789. E. Forster.]

Pulicaria, GWtf.

1. P. vulgaris, Gart. Small Pulicaria.

Bab. Man. 190. Hook. St. Fl. 207. *H. & S. 43. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Sufi. ? K. ' Crabbe.'

Small annual ; on moist sandy heaths ; rare.

August, September.

4. Framlingham, * in places where water stood in the
winter,' Crabbe.

5. Bramford, ' on a bank by the side of a wet ditch,'
F. Fox.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe. Latest 1882.

2. P. dysenterica, Gart. Common Pulicaria.

Bab. Man. 190. Hook. St. Fl. 207. H. & S. 43. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E'. & W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 78.

Herbaceous perennial ; in ditches which are dry in
summer. August, September.

1 . Honington 1 1 ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Bardwell ; Paken-
hani ; Euston ; Thetford ; Barton Mills -.—Barton, Hb. Blk. :
— Bury and Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. : — Langham, Hb.Ek.: —
Walsham, Hb. Dim. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Bures to Stoke : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Cockfield,
W.J. :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Aldham & Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Belton ; Bungay ; Beccles ; Kessingland : — Lowes-
toft, E.Sk. :— Oulton, McAub.

198

4. Eedgrave ; Burgate ; Wortham ; Mellis ; Eye;
Walpole and Darsham :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Bawdsey ; Claydon ; Bentley ; Stutton and Shelley :
— Ashbocking, F.C.S. : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Wher stead,
Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

FilagO, Linn.

1. 3J1. germanica, Linn. Common Cudweed.
Bab. Man. 191. Hook. St. Fl. 209,10. H. & S. 46. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 77.

Common annual or biennial ; in dry fields. July, Aug.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. F. apiculata, O. E. Sm. Apiculate Cudweed,
Bab. Man. 191. Hook. St. Fl. 210. Top. Bot. Stiff. W.
Annual ; formerly included under F. yermanica ; sandy-
heaths. July, August.

1. Troston Heath :— Kushbrooke, Hb. Wils. : -Bed-
neck Heath, J. W. Salter, Phyt. O.S., xcv, 480. :— sandy
fields at Cavenham, Hb. Sk.

4. Westleton Heath, ||.

5. Field near the Ferry, Sutton 1 1.
Earliest record 1849. J. W. Salter.

3. F. spathulata, Prest. Spathulate Cudweed*
Bab. Man. 191. Hook. St. Fl. 210.

Annual ; formerly included in F. germanica ; dry heaths.

July, August.

1. Wangford 1 1 : — between Elveden and Icklingham,
1876, A.B. :— between Lackford and Bury ||, 1883, G-.C.
Druce : — Fornham, Hb. Ly.

Earliest notice 1856. Lathbury.

4. F. minima, Fries. Least Cudweed*
Bab. Man. 191. Hook. St. Fl. 210. H. & S. 46. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 77.

Small annual ; on sandy or gravelly soil. June to Sep.

1. Troston ||; Barnharn ; Honington ; Sapiston ; Ix-
worth Thorpe ; Knettishall ; Thetford ; Elveden ; Eriswell ;
Mildenhall :— Tuddenham Heath, Hb. Sk. :— Culford Heath,

199

Gray: — Barningliam,Er.F.L. : — Woolpit, F. : — Eisby Heath,
E. S. Marshall.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland.

3. Bungay; Belton and Benacre : — Flixton, H.B.O.

4. Sizewell ; Dunwich and Westleton : — Sweffling,
E.N.B. : — Framlingliam, Crabbe : — Stuston, Collins : — Wor-
tham Ling, E. S. Marshall.

5. Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

5. 3J1. gallica, Linn. French Oudweed.

Bab. Man. 192. Hook. St. Fl. 210. H. & S. 46.
Annual ; in dry gravelly places ; very rare.

July to September.

5. Button 1 1, October 1, 1883. Likely new to Suffolk ;
as the notices in Br. Fl. and Ips. Fl. are believed to be mis-
takes, Gnaphalium uliginosum being likely the plant referred
to.

First record 1883. Hind.

Gnaphalium, Linn.

1. G-. luteo -album, Linn. Jersey Oudweed.
Bab. Man, 192. Hook. St. Fl. 208. H. & S. 45.
Annual ; on sandy soil ; very rare. July, August.
1. Eriswell, H. & 8. :— Eriswell, F.K.E. in Hb. Ly.

now extinct.

Earliest record 1852. Eagle.

2. Gr. "uliginosum, Linn. Marsh Oudweed.
Bab. Man. 192. Hook. St. Fl. 208. H. & S. 45. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist places ; often in cart-
tracks in woods. July, August.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. Gr. silvaticum, Linn. Wood Oudweed.

Bab. Man. 192. Hook. St. Fl. 208. H. & S. 45. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Hist. Wher. Galp. 78.

Erect herbaceous perennial ; in woods and on sand hills.

July to September.

1. Fakenham Wood || :— Woolpit Heath, Hb. F. :— -
Barton, Sir O.J.F.B.

200

3. Belton Common, Wigg : — Hedge by Gorton Wood,
D. Turner : — Eoad from Yarmouth to Beccles, Jas. Turner :
— Fritton, H. & 8. :— Oulton, McAub.

4. Eoadside from Farnham to Snape, Crabbc : — Wey-
fcread, H.B.O.

5. Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Antennaria, E. 'Brown.

1. A. dioica, Grart. Oafs-foot*

Bab. Man. 192,3. Hook. St. Fl. 209. H. & S. 45.
Small herbaceous perennial j on elevated heaths.

June, July.

1. Newmarket Heath, Hb. Gas. : — Cavenham Heath,
Pitchford :— Culford Heath, H. & S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[2. A. margaritacea, R. Brown. Pearly Everlasting.

Bab. Man. 193. Hook. St. Fl. 209. H. & S. 45.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist meadows ; rare. Aug.

1. Eriswell || ; Hb.Blk.

5. Gravel-banks at Bentley, H. <£ S. Likely a garden
stray.

Earliest notice 1850 ? Lady Blake.]

Achillaea, Linn.

1. A. Ptarmica, Linn. Sneezewort Yarrow.

Bab. Man. 193. Hook. St. Fl. 212. H & S. 44. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 78.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist pastures ; less frequent
in Suffolk than in many other counties. July* August.

1. Mildenhall Fen || ; Haughley || : — Pakenham, Hb.
Rk. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. :— Bury, SirJ. Gullum-.—Dal-
ham, Rev. F. Tearle : — Ixworth, Hb. Jeffcs.

2. Nayland, Hb. Gray >.— Lit. Thurlow, Hb.F.

3. Beccles : — Bungay, Stock : — Bradwell, Paget : — -
Pakefield, E. Sk. :— Oulton, McAub. :— Worlingham and Bar-
sham, R. E. Leach.

4. In wet meadows and about the Mere, Framlingham,

201

:— Yaxley, Rev. W.H. Sewell:—Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.:
—Mendham, H.B.O.

5. Ashbocking, F.C.S.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

[A. decolorans, Schrad.

Bab. Man. 193. Hook. St. Fl. App. 532.
Herbaceous perennial. September.

1. Roadside by the brook, near the Eectory, Drink-
stone ||, Hb.F.

Only notice 1850 ? Mrs. 'French.]

2. A. Millefolmm, Linn. Milfoil. Yarrow.

Bab. Man. 194. Hook. St. Fl. 212,13. H. & S. 44. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 78.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in pastures and by
•waysides. June to August.

Very common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Anthemis, Linn.

1. A. arvensis, Linn. Gorn Ohamomile.

Bab. Man. 194. Hook. St. Fl. 211,12. H. & S. 44. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 78.

Annual weed ; in corn-fields : June, July.

1. Brandon || ; Culford Heath || ; Barnham ; Faken-
ham ; Honington ; Sapiston ; Newmarket : — Mildenhall,
Hb. Elk. :— Higham, W.J. :— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :— Bury,
8k. ms.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens. 3. Near Breydon Water.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Mendham, Galp.

5. Stutton and Bentley : — Gt. Bealings (?), Moor : —
Ipswich, W.L.N. : — Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. A. Cotllla, Linn. Fetid Ohamomile.
Bab. Man. 194,5. Hook. St. Fl. 212. H. & S. 44. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp 78.
Annual weed ; in waste places and fields. July to Sep.

1. Honington || ; Bardwell; Barnham and Shelland :
— Hardwick, Hb.Sk.: — Pakenham, Hb.Cas.: — Bury, Sir
J. Cullum.

2. Stoke and Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Cock-
field, W.J.

202

3. Gorleston : — St. Margaret's, Galp.

4. Botesdale and Burgate : — Framlingham, Crabbe • —
Mendham, H.B.C. :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Stutton : — Grundisburgh, T.H.: — Wherstead, Ha-
rvard : — Woodbridge, H b. Ly.,

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[A. tinctoria, Linn. Yellow Chamomile.

Bab. Man. 195. Hook. St. PI. App. 532.
Biennial ; alien ; likely introduced with ballast.

July, August.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. 8k. <& \\ E.N.B.
Earliest notice 1862. Eev. E. N. Bloomfield.]

3. A. nobilis, Linn. Officinal Chamomile.

Bab. Man. 195. Hook. St. Fl. 212. H. & S. 44. Top. Bot.
Stiff. E. Galp. 79.

Perennial, aromatic herb, used medicinally ; on dry
commons. July, August.

1. Santon Downham, Norgate.

2. Lidgate, Rev. F. Tearle.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Blundeston and Bradwell Com-
mons, Wifjff : — Flixton, H.B.C. : — near Lowestoft, Sir J. E.
Smith.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Matricaria, Linn.

tl. M. Parthenium, Linn. Feverfew.

Bab. Man. 195. Hook. St. Fl. 214. H. &S.43. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. His t. Wher. Galp. 79.

Herbaceous perennial ; in waste places and hedge-
Thanks. July, August.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Honington ; Coney Weston ;
Hopton ; Bury and Mildenhall :— Tostock, Hb. Rk. :— Wai-
sham, Hb. Dun.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Nayland, Gray : — by Pey-
ton Hall, Hadleigh, F. Spaldiny : — Fences at the Eectory,
Cockfield, C.B. :— Wiston.

3. Mettingham ; Burgh Castle and Kessingland : —
Bungay, Stock :— Flixton, H.B.C. :— Gorleston, Phyt. 1863 :
— Worlingham ; Beccles, H. G. Glasspoolein Hb. Geld.

203

4. Dunwich :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh ; Bromeswell ; Felixstowe : — Ashbocking,
F.C.8. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes : — Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. M. inodora, Linn. Scentless Mayiveed.

Bab. Man. 195. Hook. St. FL 213,14. H. &S.44. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 79.
Annual weed ; frequent in fields and waste places.

July, August.
Common in all the districts.

b. M. salina, Bab.
Bab. Man. 195.

5. Stutton || ; Catawade ; Bawdsey.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. M. ChamOHlilla, Linn. Wild Chamomile.

Bab. Man. 196. Hook. St. Fl. 213. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Annual weed ; in fields and waste ground. June, July.

1. Honington || ; also form flore pleno ; Mildenhall : —
Barrow ; Bury, H b. Sk. : — Hardwick, Hb. Wils. :— Paken-
ham, Hb. Cas.

2. Melford, Stoke and Nayland: — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.:
—Kersey, E.F.L. :— Cockfield, Sk. ms.

3. Bungay ; Belton, E.N.B. :— Southwold, Hb. Ly.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — 'Grundisburgh, T.H . : — Berg-
holt, Dr. White : — Ipswich, H.d 8. : — Wherstead, Haward.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Chrysanthemum, Linn.

I. C. Leucanthenmm, Linn. Ox-eye.

Bab. Man. 196. Hook. St. Fl. 214. H. & S. 43. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff . E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 79.

Herbaceous perennial; frequent on banks and pastures.

June to August.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

II. C. segetlim, Linn. Corn Marigold.
Bab. Man. 196. Hook. St. Fl. 214. H. & S. 43. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

204

Annual weed ; in cultivated fields. June to August.
Occasionally in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

DiotiS, Desf.

1. D. maritima, Cass. Sea Cotton-weed*

Bab. Man. 196. Hook. St. PI. 213. H. & S. 44. Top. Bot.

Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy sea-shores ; not re-
cently found in Suffolk, and supposed to be extinct.

August, September.

3. Between Lowestoft and Pakefield, Sir J. E. Smith ;
— Southwold ||, Hb. Blk. :— Benacre, F. Spalding.

4. Dunwich, Hb.Cas., & Sir C.J.F.B. 1857, & Foster
1807-, Ms. Davy.

5. Aldeburgh and Orford, near the Lighthouse, Or abbe :
— Orford, F. Spalding : — on the beach just above high water
mark, one mile North of Landguard Fort, Sir J. E. Smith,
also Hb. Sk.

Earliest record 1800. Sir J. E. Smith.

Artemisia, Linn.

1. A. Absinthium, Linn. Wormwood*

Bab. Man. 196. Hook. St. Fl. 216. H. & 8. 45. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous perennial ; on waste ground. July, Aug.

1. Wattisfield || :— Chalk-pits, Bury, H b. Sk. :— Tos-
iock, Hb. Rk. :— Culford, Gray.

2. Gt. Wratting, Hb. F.

3. Lowestoft, H b. Sk. : — Bungay, H. & S. : — Gorleston,
Phyt.1862:— Oulton, McAub.

4. Benhall, E.N.B. :— Dunwich, T.W.G. :— Oakley,
Collins.

5. Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas. : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Cod-
•denham, F. Fox : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Needham Market,
E. Clowes : — Bentley and Somersham, H.&S. : — Wherstead,
Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

205

2. A. campestris, Linn. Field Artemisia.

Bab. Man. 196,7. Hook. St. Fl. 215. H. & S. 45. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy heaths, confined to the
Breck country of the North-west district, and to a similar
tract in the South-west of Norfolk. August, September.

1. Brandon || ; Thetford Heath || ; (also Rev. G.E.
LeathesinHbb..Wc.&Wils.); Barnham Heath, Lakenheath
and Eriswell : — near Barton Mills and Elveden, T. Willisell
in DHL :— Icklingham, Hb. 8k. : — Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.:
— Wangford, H. & S. :— the Nunnery Wall, Thetford, Sk.
ms. : — Barton Mills, Hb. Budd.

Earliest record 1724. Willisell.

3. A. Vlllgaris, Linn. Mugwort.

Bab. Man. 197. Hook. St. Fl. 215. H.&S.45. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 79.

Herbaceous perennial ; in hedge banks and borders of
fields. July to September.

Common in all the districts.
Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

4. A. maritima, Linn. Southernwood.

Bab. Man. 197. Hook. St. Fl. 216. H. & S. 45. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial; in salt marshes. Aug., Sep.

3. South wold : — Breydon Water, Paget.

4. Walberswick | .

5. Stutton 1 1 ; Walton ; Felixstowe ; Sutton :— Aide-
burgh, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Orford, Thos. Martyn : — Brantham,
Sk. ms. : — Landguard Fort, Sir T. Gr. Cullum.

b. A. gallica, Willd.
Bab. Man. 197. Hook. St. Fl. 216.
5. Sutton || ; Aldeburgh : — Orford, E.N.B.
Earliest record 1763. T. Martyn.

Tanacetum, Linn.

1. T. vulgar 6, Linn. Tansy.

Bab. Man. 197. Hook. St. Fl. 215. H. & S. 44,5. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Y arm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 79.

Herbaceous perennial ; not infrequent on banks and
waysides. August.

206

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Doronicum, Linn.

tl. D. Pardalianches, Linn. Great Leopard' s-bane..

Bab. Man. 197,8. Hook. St. Fl. 217.

Herbaceous perennial; damp and hilly woods and
pastures ; rare. May to July.

1. In a lane behind the Kectory, Market Weston ||.

3. Bank near the Kectory, Barsham. F. Spalding.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. Likely a stray in these localities.
Earliest notice 1860 ? Rev. T. Brown.

12. D. plantagineum, Linn? Plantain-leaved

Leopard' s-bane.

Bab. Man. 198. Hook. St. Fl. 217.
Herbaceous perennial ; in damp places ; rare.

June, July.

4. In quantity in a plantation, Gt. Glemham, E.N.B:
—Abbey Wood, Huntingfield 1 1, Holland.

Earliest notice 1855 ? Rev. E. N. Bloomfield.

Senecio, Linn.

1. S. vulgaris, Linn. Common Groundsel.

Bab. Man. 198. Hook. St. Fl. 218. H. & S. 46. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 80.

Annual weed ; very common on cultivated land.

Throughout the year.
Common in all the districts.

8. crassifolius, W.
Bab. Man. 198.

5. On gravel at Ipswich Docks 1 1, 1885.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. S. silvatiCTIS, Linn. Wood Groundsel*

Bab. Man. 198. Hook. St. Fl. 218. H. & S. 46. Top. Bot.
Sufi. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 80.

Tall annual weed ; on dry and gravelly soil.

July to September.
Frequent in all the districts.

207

S. lividus, Sm.

Bab. Man. 198. Hook. St. Fl. 218.

1. Barton, Hb. Rk.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. S. viSGOSTIS, Linn. Clammy Groundsel.

Bab. Man. 198,9. Hook. St. Fl. 218. H. &. S. 46.

Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual weed ; in waste places and on gravelly shores ;

rare. July to September

1. Bury, old brick grounds, Newmarket Koad, Hb. 8k.

3. Covehithe : — Lowestoft, H. & 8. : — Easton Broad,
J.H.G. :— Southtown, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Sizewell ; Thorpe : — Dunwich, common land to-
wards Walberswick, Holmes.

5. Aldeburgh ||, plentiful : — Hemingstone, T.B.
Earliest record 1805. E. Forster, jun.

'*S. squalidus, Linn. Squalid Groundsel.

Bab. Man. 199. Hook. St. Fl. 219. H. &. S. 46.
Annual or biennial weed ; usually on old walls.

June to October.

1. Lane off Northgate Street, Bury, in quantity || : —
Mr. Green's old garden wall, C.B. & Hbb. Sk. & Ly.
Earliest record 1849. Eev. P. Lathbury.

4. S. emcifolius, Linn. Narrow-leaved Eagwort.

Bab. Man. 199. Hook. St. Fl. 218,19. H. & S. 46.

Top. Bot. Ruff. E. &. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; chiefly on clayey or chalky soil.

July, August.

1. Honington || ; Ixworth Thorpe;- West Row; Mil-
denhall ; Haughley ; Wetherden and Onehouse : — Bury,
Hb. Wils. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.— Barningham, E.F.L. :
— Woolpit, J. Piasor.

2. Rede, Hb. Turn. :— Melford :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens.:
— Cockfield, W.J. :— Brettenham, C.B.

3. St. Olave's ; Bungay and Benacre : — Pakefield, Hb.
Sk. : — Lowestoft ; Mutford ; Carlton Colville and Kessing-
land, Sk. m,s.

4. Botesdale; Stuston ; Eye; Sibton : — Gt. Glemham
and Sternfield, E.N.B. : — Ubbeston, Mrs. Toller.

208

5. Claydon : — Orford, Hb. Cas. : — Brantham, Sk. ms. :
— Woodbridge, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.
Earliest record 1848. Prof. Henslow.

£>• S. JacobcBa, Linn. Common Ragwort.

Bab. Man. 199. Hook. St. Fl. 218. H. & S. 46. Top. Bot
Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 80.

Perennial weed; in pastures and meadows. July to Sep.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6. S. aquations, Huds. Water Ragwort.

Bab. Man. 199. Hook. St. Fl. 219. H. & S. 46. Top. Bot.
Suff. B. and W. Galp. 80.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in marshy places.

July, August.
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

7- S. paludoSTlS, Linn. Marsh Ragwort.

Bab. Man. 200. Hook. St. Fl. 219. H. & S. Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fen ditches. ' Lost more
than sixty years ago from the locality where Mr. Eagle dis-
covered it in 1798.' May to July.

1. 'In Lakenheath Fen, near Wangford,' Rev. J. Hem-
sted : — Lakenheath Fen, Hbb. Cas., Ly. & Sk. : — Lakenheath
Fen by Wangford, Rev. G. R. Leathes in Hb. Borrer, & F.K.E.
in Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1798. F. K. Eagle.

9. S. palustris, DC. Marsh Cineraria.

Bab. Man. 200. Hook. St. Fl. 219,20. H. & S. 46. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fen ditches ; very rare.

June, July.

1. Brandon, Top. Bot. : — Wangford, Hb. Cas. : — Lack-
ford, Hb. 8k., with note, ' I found the above specimen at
Lackford in June, 1774,' T.G.C. * I have never found this
plant near Bury since.' Sir J. Cullum has a note in his
Naturalist's note -book to the same effect.

3. At the first after you come into Lovingland, J. Sher-
ardin Dill. Hay : — * Worlingham Common, by the ditch-sides,1
Crabbe: — Belton, Britten.

Earliest record 1724. J. Sherard.

209

10. S. campestris, DC. Field Cineraria,

Bab. Man. 200. Hook. St. Fl. 220. H. & S. 47. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on chalk downs. June.

1. Newmarket Heath ||, Sir J. Cullum & Gas. in Hb. Rk.
Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Bid ens, Linn.

1. 33. tripartita, Three-cleft Bur Marigold.

Bab. Man. 201. Hook. St. Fl. 211. H. & S. 47. Hist. Fram.?
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual ; in wet ditches and the edge of ponds.

August, September.

1. Bury, Hbb. Sk. & Wils. : — Walsham, Hb. Dun. : —
Barton and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Bradfield Combust,
W.J. :— Fornham, H. & S.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Lit. Bradley, Hb. F. :— Hitcham,
Prof. Hens.

8. Kessingland || : — Barsham Brook, R. E. Leach.
4. Benhall Green, E.N.B.: — Framlingham? Crabbe :
— Stuston Common, Collins.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

2. 33. cernua, Linn. Nodding Bur Marigold.

Bab. Man. 201. Hook. St. Fl. 210. H.&S. 47. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 78.

Annual weed ; in ditches and pools. August, Sep.

1. B ar dwell ; Sapiston ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Thetford;
Lakenheath : — Livermere, Hb. Sk. : — Bury, Hb. Wils. : —
Mildenhall, Hb. Dun.: — Pakenham, Hb. Cas.: — Barton, Sir
C.J.F.B. : — Ixworth and Tuddenham, Sk. ms.

2. Nayland and Wiston, Gray : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Hopton||; Fritton ; St. Olaves; Kessingland;
Beccles ; Bungay : — Belton, E.N.B. : — Lowestoft and West
of Benacre Broad, E. Sk. : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Dunwich :— Farnham, E.N.B. : — Wenhaston,TF.J.:
Framlingham, Crabbe : — Weybread, Galp.

5. Brantham, C.B. : — Dunningworth Hall, Tunstall,
E.N.B. :— Orford.

Earliest record 1773, Sir J. Cullum.

210

Carlina, Linn.

1. C. VUlgaris, Linn. Carline Thistle.

Bab. Man. 201,2. • Hook. St. Fl. 221. H. & S. 48. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Biennial herb ; on sandy heaths. July to October.

1. Culford Heath ; Risby ; Railway-bank, Eastgate,
Bury; Troston ; Knettishall ; Fakenham :— Nowton, Hb.
Sk. :— Hardwick, Hb. Wils. :— Barton and Mildenhall, Sir-
C.J.F.B. :— Stanton, Hb. Cos. :— Hinderclay, Rev. J.S. Saw-
bridge : — Barton Mills || , Hb. Dun.: — Felsham, W.J. : — Haw-
stead and Barrow Bottom, E. Sk. : — Higham and Tudden-
ham, Blackett.

2. Acton : — Thorpe Morieux and Cockfield, W.J. : —
Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Aldham, E.F.L. :— Melford, J.F.W.:
—Brent Eleigh, Hb. Ly.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Benacre, Sk. ms.

4. Westleton : — Lit. Glemham : — near Easton, Crabbe :
— Framlingham, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh and Clay don : — Felixstowe, H.M.S. : —
Barking, Sk. ms. : — Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Arctium, Linn.

1. A. majus, Schk. Greater Burdock,,
Bab. Man. 202. Hook. St. Fl. 220. H. & S. (Lappa). Hiat.

Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Gal p. 80.

Large biennial herb ; in borders of fields and waste
places. August.

1. Stanton || ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Honington ; Faken-
ham ; Troston ; Cavenham ; Mildenhall ; Lakenheath.

2. Melford ; Bures ; Wiston ; Nayland and Stoke.

3. Gorleston ; Mettingham ; Beccles ; Barsham.

4. Botesdale :— Weybread, H.B.C.

5. Aldeburgh; Bromeswell ; Stutton and Shelley :—
Gt. Bealings, Moor :— Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Ashbocking,
F.C.S.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum in part.

2. A. nemoroSTim, Lej. Grove Burdock..
Bab. Man. 202. Hook. St. Fl. 221.

211

Large biennial herb ; in hedges and woods. August.

1 . Fakenham Wood || ; Pakenham, H b. Rk. : — Elveden.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Burgh Castle ; Kessingland ; Worlingham : — Cove-
hithe, Hb.Ly.

Earliest notice 1850 ? Lady Blake.

3. A. minus, Schk. Lesser Burdock.
Bab. Man. 202. Hook. St. Fl. 220,21. Galp. 80.
Biennial herb ; in borders of fields. August.

1. Fakenham || ; Troston : — Bury, Hb. Wils.

2. Acton : — Nayland and Polstead, Gray : — Hitcham,
Hb. Hens. : — Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Burgh Castle ; Kessingland and Benacre ; Beccles.

4. Redgrave.

5. Alderton ; Stutton : — Grundisburgh,T.H.: — Wher-
stead, Haward.

Earliest notice 1876. Hind.

4. A. intermedium, Lange. Intermediate Burdock.
(Bab. Man. 202,3. Hook. St. Fl. 221. Galp. 80.

Biennial herb ; waste places and borders of fields. Aug.

1. Fakenham || ; Stanton || ; Honington ; Troston || ;
.Elveden ; Westley Wood.

2. Long Melford.

3. Mettingham ; Burgh Castle; Kessingland ; Beccles :
— Oulton, McAub:—$t. Margarets, (E.A.H.) Galp.

4. Redgrave. 5. Stutton.
Earliest notice 1878. Hind.

Serratula, Linn.

1. S. tinctoria, Linn. Saw-wort.

Bab. Man. 203. Hook. St. Fl. 224. H. & S. 47. Hist. Bury.
Ger.

Herbaceous perennial ; in thickets ; rare in Suffolk.

August.

1. Coney Weston, Mrs. Gibson & Hb. We. : — in Barton
Park, sparingly, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Bury and Icklingham, Sir
J. Cullum.

5. Hemingstone, T.B.
Earliest record 1597. Gerarde.

212

Centaurea, Linn.

[C. Jacea, Linn. Brown-radiant Knapweed.

Bab. Man. 203. Hook. St. Fl. App. 532.
A rare casual ; likely from imported grass or other seed.

August September.
1. Hardwick, June 9th, 1775. Sir. J. Cullum.]

1. C. nlgra, Linn. Black Knapweed.

Bab. Man. 203,4. Hook. St. Fl. 222. H. & S. 48. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufL E. and W. Galp. 81.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in pastures, &c.

June to September.
Common in all the districts.

c. nigres-cens, Bab.

5. Sea-dyke, Bawdsey, dwarf fprm 1 1.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. C. CyarLTlS. Corn Bluebottle.

Bab. Man. 204. Hook. St. Fl. 222. H. & S. 48. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Tall annual ; in cornfields. June to August.

In all the districts, but less plentiful than formerly,
through improved farming.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. C. ScablOSa, Linn. Great Knapweed. Mat/ellon.

Bab. Man. 204. Hook. St. Fl. 222. H. & S. 48. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 81.

Herbaceous perennial ; borders of fields and hedges ;
more abundant in Suffolk than in most counties.

July to September.

Freely distributed throughout all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

|4. C. SOlstitiallS, Linn. Yellow Star Thistle.

Bab. Man. 204,5. Hook. St. Fl. 223. H. & S. 49.

Herbaceous annual ; in Suffolk only as a casual on cul-
tivated land July to September.

1. Euston||; Bowbeck, Bardwell 1 1 and Honington,
among Sainfoin : — Pakenham, among Lucerne, Hb. Cas. : — •

213

Rougham, HI. Ek. : — Barton, Mag. Nat. Hist. : — Bury ; Wei-
netham, H. & 8.

3. Lowestoft Docks, Hb. Sk. : — near the Beach, South-
wold, Holmes : — Gunton, H. & S.

4. Dunwich, Mrs. Symonds.

5. Woolverstone, H.M.8.

Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

5. C. Calcitrapa, Linn. Common Star Thistle*

Bab. Man. 205. Hook. St. Fl. 223. H. & S. 48. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Huff. E.

Annual weed ; chiefly near the coast on gravelly soil.

July to September.

1. Bury, Sir. J. Cullum :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Plentiful near the fish-houses, North Denes, Lowes-
toft ||, Hit. Sk. & Cas. :— Southwold, Hbb. Eh. <& Ly.

5. Orford, H. & S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Onopordum, Linn.

1. O. Acanthium, Linn. Scotch Thistle..

Bab. Man. 205. Hook. St. Fl. 227,8. H. & S. 48. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 81.

Tall biennial weed ; on wa/ste ground and hedge-banks..

August.

1. Bardwell ; Bury; Fakenham ; Honington ; Liver-
mere; Sapiston || ; Hopton ; Market Weston ; Thetford ;
West Stow ; Brandon and Lakenheath : — Barnham, C.B. :
—Troston, Hb. Cas. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Thur-
ston, Gray : — Pakenham, E.F.L. : — Cavenham ; Higham
and Tuddenham, W.J. : — Icklingham and Santon Downham,
Sk. ms.

2 . Layham and Long Melford : — Lidgate, Rev. F. Tearle :
— Sudbury, H. & S.

3. Burgh Castle and St. Olaves: — Bungay, Stock: —
Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen: — Southwold, Hb. Ek. : — Gorleston,
Phyt.1862.

4. Cookley ; Dunwich and Walberswick : — Gt. Glem-
ham, E.N.B. :— Leiston and Sizewell, T.W.G. :— Stusto-n,
Collins -. — near Mendham Mill, Galp.

214

5. Aldeburgh ; Felixstowe and Ipswich : — Gt. Deal-
ings, Moor :— Orford, Hb. F. :— Ashbocking, F.C.S. :— Sud-
Ibourne, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Card u US, Linn.

1. C. rnitans, Linn. Musk Thistle*

Bab. Man. 206. Hook. St. Fl. 224. H. & S. 47. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 80.

Biennial weed ; in pastures -and by waysides.

May to August.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. C. crispllS, Linn. Welted Thistle*

Bab. Man. 206. Hook. St. Fl 225. H. & S. 47. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 80.

Tall biennial weed ; chiefly by hedges. June to Aug.

In all the districts, not very frequent ; absent from the
Breck country.

b. C. acanthoides, Linn.

Bab. Man. 206. Hook. St. Fl. 225. Hist. Wher.

1. Thelnetham; Wetherden :— Thurston, C.B.:—
Bury, SirJ. Cullum : — Tostock, Mrs. Terry.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland ; Melford and Clare :— Lit. Thur-
low, Hb. F. : — Sudbury, Fulcher.

4. Eedgrave||; Wortham; Mellis : — Dunwich, Sk. ms.

5. Needham Market : — Wher stead, H award.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3- C. tenuiflorus, Curt. C. pycnocephalus, Jacq.

Slender Thistle.

Bab. Man. 206. Hook. St. Fl. 225. H. & S. 47. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Biennial weed ; usually by the sea-shore. June to Aug.

3. Belton||; Lowestoft; Kessingland : — Southwold,
Blackett: — Gorton, Phyt.1862: — St. Olaves ; Somerleyton
and Herringfleet, Trimmer.

4. Thorpe ; Dunwich & Walberswick: — Snape, E.N.B.

5. Orford ; Felixstowe and Walton : — Aldeburgh, Hb.
F. : — ^alkenham, Haward

Earliest record 1805. Wigg.

215

4. C- lanceolatus, Linn. Cnicus lanceolatus, Hoffm.
Spear Thistle.

Bab. Man. 206. Hook. St. Fl. 225. H. & S. 47. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 81.

Tall biennial weed ; by waysides, hedges and waste
places. July, August.

Very common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5- C. erioplioms, Linn. Cnicus eriophorus, Hofnn.

Woolly-headed Thistle.

Bab. Man. 207. Hook. St. Fl. 225,6. H.&S.48. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Biennial wreed ; on chalky waste ground. August.

1. Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum.: — near Felsham Hall;
Gedding and Saxham, Sic. ms. : — Bradfield, Rev. P. Lathbury.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Lavenham, Hb. Sk. — Gt.
Thurlow, Hb.F. : — Cockfield, W.J. :— Clare, E. Forsterjun. :
— Lidgate, Rev. F. Tcarle : — Long Melford, J.F.W.

3. Lowestoft, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

4. Debenham, Ms. Davy : — near Framlingham, Crabbei
e,H.&S.

5. Felixstowe |l, Ips.Portf.: — Wherstead, Haivard.
Earliest notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

6- C. arvensis, Curt. Cnicus arvensis, Hoffm.

Creeping Thistle.

Bab. Man. 207. Hook. St. Fl. 226. H . & S. 48. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and VV. Galp. 81.

Perennial and pernicious weed; spreading freely by
underground stolons, and very difficult to eradicate : Jiore
albo, Pakenham, C.B. July.

Much too frequent in all the districts.
Earliest record 1772. Sir J. Cullum.

7. C. palustris, Linn. Cnicus palustris, Hoffm.

Marsh Hustle.

Bab. Man. 207. Hook. St. Fl. 226,7. H.&S.47. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 81.

Annual weed in wet pastures j frequently growing very
tall. July, August.

Very common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

216

8. C. pratensis, Huds. , Cnicus pratensis, Willd.

Meadow Thistle.

Bab. Man. 207. Hook. St. Fl. 227. H. & S. 48. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshy meadows and fens.

June to August.

1. Hopton Fen || :— Tuddenham ||, Hb. 8k. :— Milden-
hall, near Eriswell, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Wangford and Laken-
heath Fens, E. Sk.

3. North Cove and Barnby, Holmes : — Marsh at Brad-
well, Wigg : — Belton Bog, Paget : — between Burgh and Bel-
ton, Phyi. 1862 : — Bungay, Stock.

4. Eedgrave Fen.

Earliest notice 1805. Wigg.

10. C. acaillis, Linn. Cnicus acaulis, Hoffm.

Stemless Thistle.

Bab. Man. 208. Hook. St. Fl. 226. H.&S.48. Hist. Wher.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E and W. Galp. 81.

Herbaceous perennial ; in light pastures. July to Sep.

1. Euston ; Fakenham ; Honington ; Sapiston ; Ix-
worth Thorpe; Bardwell; Knettishall || ; Thetford; Elveden;
Eisby and Lakenheath : — Hawstead, C.B. : — Pakenham,
Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. : — Barningham and Cul-
ford Heath, Gray :— Barton and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :
— Hardwick, Hbb. Sk. <& Wils. :— Chadwick Hall, Bradfield,
Dr. Clark : — Barrow Bottom and Santon Downham, Sk. ms. :
— Eushbrooke, C.B.

2. Thorpe, near Bull's Wood, Cockfield ; Brettenham
and Shimpling, C.B. : — Long Melford : — Hitcham, Herb.
Hens. :— Eede, Hb. Turn. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Sandpit, St. Cross, Holmes : — Bungay, Stock : — St.
Cross (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Botesdale : — Wortham Ling, C. J. Ashfteld : — Lit.
Glemham Park and Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Darsham,
Ms. Davy.

5. Grundisburgh Hall Park, Moor : — Wherstead, Ha-
ward.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

Silybum, Linn.
1. S. mariannm, G&rt. Milk Thistle*

217

Bab. Man. 208. Hook. -St. Fl. 228. H. & S. 47. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 81.

Large herbaceous perennial ; on banks and waste places*

June, July-

1. Honington; Hopton; Troston ; Fornham : — Stow-
langtoft, Hb. Ek. : — Kennefc, Hb. Gas. : — Kentford, Eev. F+
Tearle : — Bury, Hb. Ly.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland ||, Gray.

3. Homersfield, H.B.G. :— Gorleston, Phyt. 1862,3 : —
Beccles.

4. Cookley, Holland.

5. Stutton ; Walton :— Aldeburgh and Ipswich, E.N. B.: r
— Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Barking, T.B.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Lapsana, Linn.

1. L. COmmunis, Linn. Nipplewort.

Bab. Man. 209. Hook. St. Fl. 229. H. & S. 51. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 82.

Annual weed ; in waste places and hedges. July, Aug*
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Arnoseris, Gart.

1. A. pusilla, Gcsrt. Dwarf Swine's Succory.

Bab. Man. 209. Hook. St. Fl.' 229. H. & S. 51. Hist.Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W.

Small annual ; in sandy fields. June to August.

1. Fornham St. Martin, Hb. Sk. : — Timworth, Sir
T. G. Cullum :— Wangford || , G. E. Druce :— Mildenhall, J.T. :
- — Lakenheath, H. <£ S.

4. Dunwich, Ms. Davy : — fields at Dingle, Westleton,
Davy : — Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Broom Close, Barham, F. : — fields near the Alms-
houses, Woodbridge, Crabbe.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Cichorium, Linn.

1. C. Intybus, Linn. Succory. Chicory.

Bab. Man. 209. Hook. St. Fl. 228. H.&S.51. Hist. Yarm..
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 82.

218

Herbaceous perennial ; on grassy waysides, generally in
a gravelly or chalky soil.

1. Honington ; Fakenham || ; Sapiston ; Bardwell ;
Market Weston || ; Hopton; Hinderclay; Stanton; Troston:
— Bradfield Combust, C.B. : — Nowton||, Hb. Wits.: — Paken-
ham, Hb. Cas. : — Walsham, Hb. Dun. : — Bury, SirJ. Cullum:
— Mildenhall, SirC.J.F.B. :— Tuddenham, E. Sk.

2. Nayland and Clare :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham,
Hb. Hens. : — Rede, Hb. Turn. : — Thurlow, F. : — Long Mel-
ford, J.F.W. :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Mettingham ; Burgh Castle ; Belton and Kessing-
lund :— Pakefield, Hb. Sk. :— Bradwell, J. Priest in Hb. Geld:
— Oulton, McAub.

4. Thorpe; Cookley; Walpole; Walberswick; Mellis;
Eye; Brome : — Redgrave, C. J. Ashfield : — Yaxley, Sewell:
— Gt. Glemham and Stratford St. Andrews, E.N.B. : —
Westleton, F. Spalding.

5. Orford; Bramford; Bromeswell; Felixstowe : — Ips-
wich, Ips. Port/. : — between Newbourne and Bucklesham,
Moor: — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Ash-
bocking, F.C.S.: — Needham Market, E.Clowes: — Wood-
bridge and Sutton, F. Spalding : — Bawdsey Ferry, Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Hypochaeris, Linn.

1. H. glabra, Linn. Smooth Cat's-ear.

Bab. Man. 209,10. Hook. St. Fl. 238. H. & S. 49. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.andW.

Small annual ; on sandy or gravelly heaths and com-
mons. June to August.

* It is one of the earliest syngenesious plants that flower,*
Dill. Hay in Hort. Oxon.

\. Barnham || ; West Stow ||; Sapiston: — Mildenhall,
Hb. Blk. \- — ' very common in the neighbourhood of Bury,1
Sir J. Cullum : — Barton, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Tuddenham,
Hb. Sk. :— Lakenheath Warren, A.B. :— Elveden, E.F.L. :
—Brandon, H. & S. : — Cavenham ; Icklingham ; Eriswell ;
Santon Heath, A.B.

2. Thurlow, F.

3. Benacre and Covehithe : — Bungay, Stock : — South-
wold, Holmes : — Lowestoft Denes, E. Sk.

219

4. Westleton ; Thorpe :— Benliall Green and Gt. Glem-
ham, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh and Barliam, H. <& S. : — Wherstead,
Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. H. radicata, Linn. Long-rooted Cat's-ear*

Bab. Man. 210. Hook. St. Fl. 238. H. & S. 50. Hist. Frara.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Stiff . E. and W. Galp.82.

Herbaceous perennial ; frequent in meadows and pastures.

Common in all the districts. July.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. H. maCTllata, Linn. Spotted Cat's-ear..

Bab. Man. 210. Hook. St. Fl. 238. H. & S. 50. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on chalky downs ; rare.

July, August.

1. Cavenham||, Hb. Elk. :— Kisby Chalk-bank, Rev. G..
E. Leathes in Hb. Rk., also Hb. Sk. :— Icklingham, Sir J. E.
Smith : — Newmarket, Winch: found as recently as 1876, A.B~
Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

Thrincia, Both.

1. T. hlrta, DC. Leontodon hirtus, Linn.

Hairy Thrincia.

Bab. Man. 210. Hook. St. Fl. 239. H. & S. 49. Hist.Yaim..
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 83

Herbaceous perennial ; on grassy heaths and pastures.

June to September.

1. Knettishall || ; Wangford and Brandon :. — Walsham,
Hb. Dun. : — Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Barningham, E.F.L. :
— Bradfield, Hb. Ly.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Lowestoft || ; Hopton ; South wold ; Benacre and
Covehithe : — Bungay, Sk. ms.

4. Kedgrave and Botesdale ; Thorpe : — Gt. Glemham,.
E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh ; Shrubland Park ; Felixstowe and
Bawdsey.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

Leontodon, Linn.

220

1. L. h-ispidllS, Linn. Common Hawkbit*

Bab. Man. 210. Hook. St. Fl. 239. H.&S. 49. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures.
Frequent in all the districts. June to September.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. Ti. ail tlinm alls, Linn. Autumnal Hawkbit*

Bab. Man. 211. Hook. St. Fl. 239. H. & S. 49. Hist. Yarm.
Hiat. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 83.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures.
Common in all the districts. August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Tragopogon, Linn.

1. T. minor, Fries. Lesser Goafs-beard*

Bab. Man. 211. Hook. St. PL 243. H. & S. 49 (part). Hist.
Yarm. Top Bot. Suff. E. and W. (part).

Biennial ; in meadows and pastures. June, July.

1. Hopton || ; Haughley ; Wetherden ; Wangford ;
Higham.

2. Nayland : — Kersey, E.F.L.

3. By the Ferry-house, Gorleston, Paget.

4. Darsham || ; Peasenhall : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Felixstowe : — Grundisburgh, T.H.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

2. T. pratensis, Linn. Meadow Goafs-beard*

Bab. Man. 211. Hook. St. Fl. 243. H. & S. 49. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 84.

Biennial ; in meadows and pastures. June.

1 . Bardwell ; Honington ; Tim worth ; Cavenham ;
Brandon ; Thetford : — Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Nowton, H b. Wils :
— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. : — Westlej
Bottom, Hb. Blk. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Fornham, Sk.ms.

2. Stoke and Melford : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Cock-
field, W.J. :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Kessingland.

4. Oakley : — Mendham Hill, Galp : — Huntingfield,IZ0£-
land : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Westleton F. Spalding :-~
Brockford, C, W. Peck.

5. Alderton ; Orford : — Gt. Bealings, Moor: — Heming-

221

stone, T.B. : — Coddenham, F. Fox: — Ashbocking, F.C.S. :
— Wherstead, Haward : — Needham Market, Hb. Jefes : —
Whitton and Bramford, Miller.

NOTE. — Some of the earlier references may belong to T. minor.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

.*3. T. porrifolius, Linn. Salsafy.

Bab. Man. 211. Hook. St. Fl. 243. H. & S. 49. Hist. Fram.

Biennial ; of repute as a vegetable ; apparently wild
plants occasionally are found. June.

1. Honington : — meadows between Hawstead and Gt.
Welnetham, Mrs. Carss.

2. In a meadow at Nayland, Gray. — Friar's Hill,
-Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. In a hedge at Bradwell, Paget.
5. Needham Market, MissJeffes.

Earliest record 1781. Sir J. Cullum.

Pier is, Linn.

1. P. hieracioides, Linn. Haivkweed Picris.

Bab. Man. 211,12. Hook. St. Fl. 229,30. H. & S. 49. Hisc. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 82.

Biennial ; on dry banks. July to September.

1 . Haughley 1 1 ; Woolpit ; Sapiston and Higham : — -
Hardwick, Hb. Sic. : — Stanton, Hb. Cas. : — Bury, Sir J. Cul-
lum : — Felsham, H. cC- S. : — Barrow and Saxham, Sk.ms. : —

. Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. -,

2. Cockfield and Lavenham, C.B. : — Hitcham, HB.
Hens. : — between Boxford and Kersey : — Thurlow, F. : — •
Chevington and Whepstead, Sk. ms.

3. Mettingham : — Blundeston, Paget : — Lowestoft ;
Pakefield ; Carlton Colville, Sk. ms. : — Flixton ; St. Mar-
garets, Galp.

4. Darsham | ; Wortham : — Gt. Glemham ; Farnham
and Sweffling, E.N.B. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Thorpe,
Hb. Ly.

5. Lit. Blakenham, Haward.

b. P. arvalis, Jord.

Bab. Man. 212. Hook. St. Fl. 230.

1 . Sapiston || ; Higham : — Elmswell, J. Easor.

2. Gt. Thurlow, Hb. F. 4. Wortham ||.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

222

Helminthia, Juss.

1. TT. ech.ioid.es, Gart. Picris echioides, Linn. Ox-tongue* .

Bab. Man. 212. Hook. St. Fl. 230. H. & S. 49. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 82.

Tall annual ; in woods and by hedge banks.

July to September.

1. Hinderclay Wood || ; Bury ; Euston ; Honington j .
Bardwell ; Stanton ; Wetherden ; Haugliley : — Pakenham,
Hb.Cas.:— Stowlangtoft, #£.#&.:— Walsliam, Hb. Dun. :—
Felsham, C.B. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Hardwick, Hb.Ly.

2. Hoe Lane, Cockfield, C.B. : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.:
—Lit. Thurlow, Hb.F.:— ReAe,Hb. Turn.:— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Bungay ; Belton ; Kessingland : — Pakefield, Dr.
Trimen : — Bradwell, Payet : — St. Margarets, Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Framlingham, Crabbe.

5 . Bawdsey ; Felixstowe and Walton : — Grundisburgh,
T.H. : — Lit. Blakenham, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Lactuca, Linn.

1. Ti. saligna, Linn. Willow Lettuce..
Bab. Man. 212. Hook. St. Fl. 241. H. & S. 50. Top. Bot. Suff. E.
Biennial ; in chalky soil near the sea. July, August*
5. Salt marshes at Aldeburgh, H. d- S. ? ?

Earliest notice 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

2. Ti. virosa, Linn. Acrid Lettuce.
Bab. Man. 212. Hook. St. Fl. 240. H.&S. 50. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Biennial ; on dry banks and old walls. July, August.

1. Bury ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Market Weston ; Thel-
netham : — Fornham St. Martin, Hbb. Blk.d- Wils. : — Ixworth ;
Thurston, Hb. Ek. :— Kattlesden, H. & S.

2. Nayland||, Gray :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Hadleigh,
Dr. White.

3. Fritton and Mettingham : — Lowestoft, E. Sk. : —
Bungay, Stock.

4. Sibton and Covehithe : — Gt. Glemham and Sax-
mundham, E.N.B. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Weybread,
H.B.C.

5. Sproughton, H. & S. :— Felixstowe, W. H. Purchase
— Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

223

3. L- Scariola, Linn. Prickly Lettuce.
Bab. Man. 212, Hook. St. Fl. 241. H. & S. 50.

Biennial ; in waste places ; rare. July, August.

1. Newmarket, Winch.

5. On a bank at Coddenham ? F. Fox : likely L. virosa.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. L. nmralis, DC. Wall Lettuce.

Bab. Man. 212,13. Hook. St. Fl. 241. H. & S. 50. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Buff. E. and W. Galp. 83.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks and old walls.

1. The Grundle, Stanton ||. July.

2. Old walls near Hadleigh, F. Spalding : — Chevington
and Groton, H. & S. : — Badmondisfield Hall.

3. Kessingland, E.N.B. :— Pakefield, E. SJc. :— com-
mon near Bungay, Dr. Woodward : — St. Margarets, Galp.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Palgrave, Collins.

5. Woolverstone.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Taraxacum, Juss.

1. T. officinale, Wigg. T. Dens-leonis, Desf.

Dandelion.

Bab. Man. 213. Hook. St. Fl. 240. H. & S. 50. Hist. Yarm.
.Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 83.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pastures and waste places.

Common in all the districts. March to October.

b. T. Iffvigatum, DC.

Bab. Man. 213. Hook. St. Fl. 240.
5. Felixstowe ||.

c. T. erythrospermum, DC.
Bab. Man. 213. Hook. St. Fl. 240.

1. Honington || ; Elveden; Fornham All Saints;
"West Stow ; Icklingham :— Mildenhall, E. S. Marshall.

d. T. palustre, Sm.

Bab. Man. 213. Hook. St. Fl. 240.

3. Marshes near Southtown, and on Bradwell and
Hopton Commons, D. Turner : — Worlingham ||, R. E. Leach.

4. Minsmere Marsh, near Sizewell.
Earliest record 1773. Sir. J. Cullum.

Sonchus, Linn.

1. S. oleraceilS, Linn. Common Sowthistle.

224

Bab. Man. 213. Hook. St. Fl. 242. H.&S.50. Hist. Framl .
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Sufi0. E. and W. Galp. 83.

Annual weed ; in cultivated fields and waste places.
Frequent in all the districts. June to August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. S. asper, Hoffin. Rough Sowthistle.

Bab. Man. 213. Hook. St. Fl. 242. H. & S. 50. Top. Bot.
Buff. E. and W. Galp. 83.

Annual weed ; in cultivated fields and waste places.
Frequent in all the districts. June to August.

Earliest record 1773. (Included in S. oleraceus.)

NOTE. — Under the original L. oleraceus, Linn, three dis-
tinct forms are included. 1. L. oleraceus, as now received,
with leaves flat, having sagittate auricles, and the lower
part usually narrowed into an apparent petiole. 2, has leaves
flat and usually wider than 1, but with rounded auricles. 3,
has a stout striate stem, crisp and spinous leaves with
rounded auricles. No. 2 is the most common form ; and
No. 3, S. asper, is the least common form. On the sea-shore
the plants are occasionally much stunted, and branched at
the base, with fleshy spear-pointed leaves.

3. S. arvensis, Linn. Corn Sowthistle.

Bab. Man. 213,14. Hook. St. Fl. 242. H. & S. 50. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 83.

Herbaceous perennial ; in cultivated fields, waste places
and fens. August, September.

Frequent in all the districts.

S. glabra, Lond. Cat.
5. Landguard Fort 1 1 .

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

4. S. palustlls, Linn. Marsh Sowthistle.

Bab. Man. 214. Hook. St. Fl. 242. H. & S. 50. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Buff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes ; rare. July, Aug.

3. Lothingland, J. Sherardin Dill. Ray. : — near Burgh
Castle ||, Hb. Blk. : — river-side at Becclesand Worlingham,
Crabbe : — between Bungay and Shipmeadow, Holmes : — Oul-
ton, Hb. Sk. : — Belton, Phyt. 1862 : — near Mutford Bridge,
Sk. ms.

225

4. Palgrave, Collins.

5. The Cliff, Felixstowe ? Hb. Ly.
Earliest record 1724. Sherard.

Mulgedium, Cass.

[M. tataricum, DC. First found in company of the
Bev. J. D. Gray in autumn, 1884, on a marshy bank of the
Stour at Stoke-by-Nayland. There were about a dozen plants.
This, and various other exotic or rare plants in the neigh-
bourhood, have likely been introduced with foreign grain
brought to Nayland Mill. As the plant increases freely by
underground stolons, and its present habitat is favourable
to its spread, it is likely to become permanently established
in its present locality. 1884. Hind.]

C re pis, Linn.

1. C. taraxacifolia, Thuil. Dandelion-leaved

Haicksbeard.

Bab. Man. 214. Hook. St. Fl. 231. H. & S. 50. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous biennial ; on chalky soil. June, July^

1. Woolpit || and Eougham||, J. Easor: — Bury, occa-
sionally, Sk. ms.

4. Gt. Glemham and Framlingham, E.N.B. : — Par-
ham, Sk. ms.

5. Marlesford, H. & S. : — Wherstead, Haward.
Earliest record 1860. Eev. E. N. Bloomfield.

2. C. fcetida, Linn. Fetid HaivJcsbeard*

Bab. Man. 214,15. Hook. St. Fl. 231. H. & S. 51. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous biennial ; on chalky soil. June, July.

1. Gt. Saxham, and near the sixth milestone from
Bury to Newmarket, Sir T. G. Gullum : — Brandon, C.C.B.

5. Claydon and Coddenham, Crabbe.
Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum & Eev. G. Crabbe.

3. C. virens, Linn. Smooth Hawksbeard..

Bab. Man. 215. Hook. St. Fl. 230. H. & S. 51. Hist. Franu
Eist. Wher. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp.82.
Annual weed ; in meadows, pastures and waste places-

226

Common in all the districts. June to September.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. C. biennis, Linn. Biennial Hawksbeard*

Bab. Man. 215. Hook. St. Fl. 230. H. & S. 51. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous biennial ; on chalky soil. June, July.

1. Lee's fields, Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Railway banks at
crossing near Eastgate, Bury, 1866, Sk. ms. : — Westley Bot-
tom, Sir T. Gr. Cullum : — meadow North of Newmarket race-
course || .

5. Wherstead ! Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Hieracium, Linn.

1. H. Pilosella, Linn. Mouse-ear Hawkweed.

Bab. Man. 216. Hook. St. Fl. 232. H. & S. 51. Hi.st. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 83.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks and commons.
Common in all the districts. May to August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[BE. aiirantiacum, Linn. Orange Hawkweed.

[ Bab. Man. 216. Hook. St. Fl.^233.

On old walls ; rare. June to August.

1. Old walls at Brandon, W.J. Cross, 1883. Walls
have been repaired and the plants destroyed.
1883. W. J. Cross.]

21. H. nmrorum, Linn. Wall Hawkweed*

Bab. Man. 222. Hook. St. Fl. 234. H. & S. 51. Hist. Frain.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on rocks, walls, and in woods.

June, July.

1. The Wilderness, Bury || : — near Bury, J. liasor: — •

4 Hamond's garden-wall, near B. Warren's house ; old Bot.

Garden walls, wild ; plentiful near Mr. Munn's house,' Sk. ins.

4. In lanes near Framlingham, but sparingly, Cmbbe?

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

24. H. vulgatum, Fries. Common Hawkweed.

Bab. Man. 223. Hook. St. Fl. 236. Hist. Wher.
Herbaceous perennial ; in woods, on banks and walls.

227

July to September.

1. Sapiston Grove ||: — Old Botanical Gardens, wild,
Sk. ms.

2. Polstead. 4. Stuston, Collins.
5. Wherstead, Haward.

Form H. maculatum, Sm.

Bab. Man. 223. Hook. St. Fl. 236.

2. Sudbury, Dr. White in Hb. Sk.
Earliest notice 1862. E. Skepper.

30. H. •umbellatum. Linn. Umbellate Hawkweed.

Bab. Man. 225. Hook. St. Fl. 237. H. & S. 51. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 82.

Herbaceous perennial ; sandy heaths and stony places.

July to September.

1 . A small neat form on grassy heath at Elveden 1 1 : —
Stanton Wood, Hb. Elk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Bury,
Sir J. Cullum : — Woolpit, J. fiasor.

3. Hopton Cliff || ; Lound and Gorleston ; Beccles : —
Browston, Payet : — Bungay, Stock : — Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. and
Dr. Trimcn : — Belton, Sk. ms.-: — Benacre, E.N.B. : — Belton,
J.PriestinHb.Geld.

4. Dunwich Cliff, E.N.B. :— Dunwich Heath, W.J. :
— Weybread, H.B.C. :— Blythburgh, Ms. Davy*.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

33. H. boreale, Fries. Northern Hawkweed.

Bab. Man. 225,6. Hook. St. Fl. 237. H. & S. X. Add. Hist.
Fram. Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks. Aug. Sep.

1. The Grundle, Stanton || : — Barrett's Garden, Bury,
Hb. Sk.: — Pakenham, Hb. Gas. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Wiston and Polstead, Gray.

4. Farnham, H. & 8. : — Framlingham, near Easton,
Crabbe.

5. Ipswich, W.L.N. — Bentley; Bucklesham and Otley,
H. & 8. : — Wlierstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1777. Sir J. Cullum.

AMBROSIACE/E, Link.
Xanthium, Linn.

[X. Strumarmm, Linn. Broad-leaved Burweed*

228

Bab. Man. 226. Hook. St. PI. App. 532.

Exotic annual ; a rare casual, on rich waste land.

August September.

1. Drinkstone, Mrs. Parker, fide C.B.]

CAMPANULACE/E.

Jasione, Linn.

1. J. montana* Linn. Sheep's Scabious*

Bab. Man. 228. Hook. St. Fl. 245. H. & S. 52. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 84.

Herbaceous biennial ; on dry banks and heaths. July*
Barnham || ; Brandon || ; Fakenham ; Sapiston ; Market
Weston: — Barton, Hb. Blk.:— Icklingham, Hb. 8k. :— Stow-
langtoft, Hbb. Cas. & Rk. :— Tuddenham, Hb.Wils. :— Bury,
Sir. J. Outturn :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Culford Heath,
Gray : — Cavenham, Rev. F. Tearle : — West Stow, Hb. Ly.

2. Rede, Hb. Turn.

8. Benacre and Covehithe : — Belton, Sk. ms. : — below
Homersfield Church, Galp : — Hopton, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.
4. Westleton: — Farnham and Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.:
— Wenhaston Heath, W.J. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Mend-
ham, H. B. C.: — Stuston Common, Co llins : — Weybread, Galp.
5. Aldeburgh, Hb.F. : — Grundisburgh,r.if. : — Greeting,
T.B.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Campanula, Linn.

1. C. glomerata, Linn. Clustered Bell-flower*
Bab. Man. 228,9. Hook. St. Fl. 248. H. & S. 52. Hist. Bury.

Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in chalky pastures. July, Aug.

1. Barton Park, Hb. Blk. : —Mermaid Pits, Bury, Hb.
Wils.: — Mildenhall, Hb. Dun. : — Sicklesmere, Hb.Sk.: —
Saxham and Westley, H. & S. : — Gazeley, Rev. F. Tearle : —
Dalham ; Barrow ; Livermere ; Ickworth Park gravel-pits ;
Ixworth, Sk. ms.

2. Haverhill, Hb. F. :— Polstead, H. <& S.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. C. latifolia, Linn. Giant Bell-flower. Throatwort*
Bab. Man. 229. Hook. St. Fl. 247. H. & S. 52. Hist. Fram.

Top. Bot. Suff. B. ? Galp. 84.

229

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and thickets.

July, August.

3. At Shipmeadow between Bungay and Beccles,
Woodward : — Chediston, Trimmer : — Mettingliam, Ms. Davy.

4. Linstead Parva, near Halesworth, Woodward.
Earliest record 1805. Woodward.

3. C. Trachelium, Linn. Nettle Bell-flower.

Bab. Man. 229. Hook. St. Fl. 247,8- H. & S. 52. Top. Bot.
Suff.E.andW. Galp. 84.

Herbaceous perennial ; in thickets and on hedge banks.

July, August.

1. Stanton||; Wetherden ; Shelland and Westley
Wood :— Welnetham, C. B. :— Barton, H b. Blk. :— Drink-
stone, Hb. F. :— Hardwick, Hb. 8k. :— Pakenham, Hb Cas.:
— Wicken ; Bardwell, Hb. Dun. : — Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle :
- — Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — Felsham Wood, W.J. : — Bury,
J. Priest in Hb. Geld. :— Eattlesden, H. & S.

2. Acton :— Gt. Waldingfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb.
Hens. : — Bures || ; Wiston, Gray : — Cockfield, W.J. : — Long
Melford, J.F.W. :— Sudbury, J.S.H. :— Pol stead, F. Spalding:
— Hawkedon, Hb. Turn. : — Boxford, H. & S.

3. Bungay (now extinct), Stock : — St. Margarets,
(E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Mendham, H.B.C.

5. Grundisburgh and Depden, Moor : — Hemingstone,
T.B. : — Shrubland, Ips. Port/. : — Lit. Blakenham, Haward :
— Nacton, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

t4. C. rapllHCUloid.es, Linn. Creeping Bell-flower.

Bab. Man. 229. Hook. St. Fl. 247.

Herbaceous perennial ; occasionally on waste and culti-
vated ground. July, August.

1. Mildenhall || ; Honington || ; Eailway Cutting, East-
gate 1 1 and Cotton Lane, Bury ; Stanton ; Troston and Ing-
ham : — Culford Heath, Gray : — Lakenheath, G. C. Druce,
Rec. Club, 1883.

3. Beccles.

4. Brockford, C. W. Peck :— Eye, E. S. Marshall.
First notice 1875. Hind.

5. C. rofrimdifolia, Linn. Harebell.

230

Bab. Man. 229. Hook. St. Fl. 246. H. & S. 52. Hist. Yarnu
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 84.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks, heaths and com-
mons. July, August.

Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

}C. BapTincilluS, Linn. Rampion.

Bab. Man. 230. Hook. St. FI. 246. H. k S. 52. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Biennial herb ; in sandy soil. July, August.

1. Kougham, Hb. Cas.

3. Hedges to the right of the road a mile from Beccles
towards Halesworth, H. & S.

Earliest record 1832. Mrs. Casborne.

Specularia, Heist.

1. S. hybrida, A. DC. Hybrid Venus Lookinff-ylass..

Bab. Man. 230. Hook. St. Fl. 248. H. & S. 52. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff E. and W.

Small corn-field annual. June to September.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Honington; Fakenham: — Bury,
Hb. Wils. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Barton and Mildenhall,
Sir C.J.F.B. :— Coney Weston, E.F.L. :— Woolpit, J. Easor..

2. Great and Little Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Stoke :— Cock-
field, G.B. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Lake Lothing : — Lowestoft, K. Sk.

4. Benhall, E.N.B. :— Framlingham, Orabbe :— Pal-
grave, Collins.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — Wherstead, Haward : — Blax-
hall, Mrs. Toller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

ERICACE>£.

Calluna, Salisb.

1. C. VTllgaris, Salisb. C. Erica, DC. Common Liny.

Bab. Man. 233. Hook. St. Fl. 253. H.&S.53. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 84.

Small shrub ; on heaths. June to August.

Frequent in all the districts, except No. 2 — the South-
west— from which no specimen has been reported.

Form b. C. incana.

231

Auct. Lond. Cat. 918. b.

3. Between Lowestoft and Gorton, near the sea, 1857.
JSir C.J.F.B.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Erica, Linn.

1. E. Tetralix, Linn. Cross-leaved Heath.

Bab. Man. 233,4. Hook. St. Fl. 252. H. & S. 53. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small shrub ; on moist or boggy heaths. July, Aug.
1. Brandon : — Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. : — Cavenham
and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Wangford, H. <6 S.

3. Belton || ; Benacre ; Covehithe ; Easton Bavent :
— Lowestoft, F. : — Lound, H. & S. : — Southwold, Hb. Dun.

4. Dunwich || ; Westleton ; Walberswick ; Eedgrave
Fen, Collins.

5. Kushmere, Ips. Portf. : — Aldeburgh, T.B. : — near
Ipswich, H . & S.

Apparently absent from district 2.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. E. cinerea, Linn. Fine-leaved Heath.

Bab. Man. 234. Hook. St. Fl. 252,3. H. & S. 53. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small shrub ; on dry heaths. July, August.

1. Tuddenham, Hb.Wils. : — Cavenham, Sk. ms. : — Mil-
denhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Gorleston ; Belton; St. Olaves; Easton Bavent ;
Covehithe and Benacre : — Herringfleet, Hb. Dun. : — Lowes-
toft, Hbb. Cos. & Sk. :— Oulton, McAub.

4. Dunwich 1 1 ; Westleton ; Thorpe ; Sizewell ; Wal-
berswick : — Snape, Sir C.J.F.B.: — Redgrave Fen, very
sparingly, Collins.

5. Woodbridge, H.M.S. : — Nacton Heath, Haward : —
Tunstall, E.N.B. :— Ipswich, Miller :— Aldeburgh :— Mar tie -
sham, Hb. Ly.

Seems to be absent from district 2.
Earliest record 1833. Hb. Wilson.

Vaccinium, Linn.

4. V. OxyCQCCOS, Linn. Cranberry.

232

Bab. Man. 236. Hook. St. Fl. 250. H. & S. 52. Top. Bot.
SufE. E.

Small trailing shrub ; in bogs ; very rare. June, July.

1. Wangford, Eagle?

3. Worlingham Common, near Beccles, Woodward and
Ms. Davy. Earliest record 1805. Woodward.

Pyrola, Linn.

1. P. rotundifolia, Linn. Larger Winter-green.

Bab. Man. 236. Hook. St. Fl. 256. H. & S. 53. Top. Bot.
SuflE. E. (extinct.)

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp bushy places. Aug.

3. On Bradwell Common, among furze ; meadows at
Gorleston, Wigg.

4. Ashen Spring, near the round-house, Theberton,
H. <& S. :— Middleton, Sir J. E. Smith.

Earliest record 1800. Wigg.

Monotropa, Linn.

1. M. Hypopitys, Linn. Hypopitys multiflora, Scop.
Yellow Bird's Nest.

Bab. Man. 237. Hook. St. Fl. 257. H. & S. 53. Top. Bot.
SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 85.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods ; rare. July, Aug.

1. Ickworth Park, C.B. & Hb. Sk.: — Horton Spinney,.
Barnham, Hb. Salm.

2. Lidgate, Rev. F. Tearle. 3. Bungay, Stock..
4. Redgrave Park, Collins.

Earliest record 1835. D. Stock.

AQUIFOLIACEvC.

Ilex, Linn.

1. I. Aquifolium, Linn. Holly.

Bab. Man. 238. Hook. St. FL 85,6. H.&S. 55. Top. Bot. SuflE.

Evergreen tree ; in woods and hedges. June to Aug.

Frequent in all the districts ; especially fine in some
parts of district 5 — the South-east.
Earliest record 1696. Dale.

OLEACE/E.

Ligustrum, Linn.

1 L. Vlllgar e, Linn. Privet...

233

Bab. Man. 238. Hook. St. Fl. 267. H. & S. 55. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 86.

Shrub, frequently evergreen ; in woods and hedges —
often planted. June, July*

1 . Barnham ; Fakenham ; Honington ; Ixworth
Thorpe ; Livermere ; Knettishall || ; Wetherden ; Elveden ;
Tuddenham ; Barton Mills ; Wangford ; Mildenhall : —
Bury, Hb. Wils. :— Pakenham, Hb. Blk. :— Walsham, Hb.
Dun.

2. Nayland ; Stoke ; Acton and Clare : — Hitcham,.
Hb. Hens. :— Eede, Hb. Turn. :— Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Cock-
field, W. J. :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Sudbury, Fulcher.

3. Bungay ; Gorleston ; Kessingland and Benacre.

4. Burgate and Oakley.

5. Stutton ; Shrubland Park : — Ashbocking, F.C.S.i
— Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

F rax in us, Linn.

I. F. excelsior, Linn. Ash.

Bab. Man. 238. Hook. St. Fl. 267,8. H. & S. 55. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 86.

Tall and valuable timber tree ; in woods and hedge-
rows. April, May.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

APOCYNACE^E.

Vinca, Linn.

II. V. minor, Linn. Lesser Periwinkle.
Bab. Man. 239. Hook. St. Fl. 268. H. & S. 56. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 86.

Trailing perennial, evergreen ; in woods and thickets.

May, June.

1 . Fakenham Wood 1 1 ; Market Weston and Stanton :
— Bradfield, Hb. Sk. :— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. :— Kougham,
Hb. Blk. :— Gt. Welnetham, Sir T. G. Cullum :— Hunston,
Hb. Ek. : — Norton, J. Easor. : — Eushbrooke, H. & S.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Assington, Gray : — Cock-
field, W. J. : — ' On the ancient British Camp at Lindsey, near
Hadleigh, F. Spalding : — Naughton, H. & S. : — Felsham
Wood, Sk. ms.

234

3. Fritton Wood, Paget : — Bungay, Stock : — Flixton,
H.B.C. :— Oulton, McAub :— Belton, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Sibton, Holland :— Brockford, Hb. Peck :— Pram-
lingham, Haward : — Yoxford and Kettleburgh Old Hall, Ms*
Davy.

5. Boulge, Moor: — Ashbocking, F.C.S.: — Bergholt,
H. & S. :— Battisford, Sk. ms. :— Whitton, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

£2. V. major, Linn. Greater Periwinkle*

Bab. Man. 239. Hook. St. Fl. 269. H. & S. 56. Hist. Bury.
Galp. 86.

Trailing perennial, evergreen; in plantations, or escaped.

April, May.

1. Honington||; Ixworth ; Troston ; Ampton ; Euston;
Hopton ; Icklingham : — Tlmrston, Hb. Rk. : — Westley, Hb.
Wils. : — Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — Santon Downham, iVor-
gate : — Eriswell, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

2. Polstead :— Whepstead, H b. Wils. : —Cockfield, W.J.

3. Gorleston and Kessingland : — Bungay, H. & S.

4. Brockford, Hb. Peck : — Weybread, Galp.

5. Henley, Mr. Bryant, Dill. Puiy in Hort. Ox. : — •
.Claydon, by the roadside, H. & S. : — St. Mary, Stoke, Ipswich,
Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.]

| GENTIANAC/E.
Chlora, Linn.

1. C. perfoliata, Linn. Blackxtonia perfoliata, Huds.

Perfoliate Yellow-wort.

Bab. Man. 240. Hook. St. Fl. 270. H. & S. 56. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 86.

An erect glaucous annual ; chiefly on chalky soil.

July to September.

1. Honington j | ; Haughley 1 1 : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. :
— Saxham, Hb. Sk. : — Stanton, Hb. Dun. : — Bury and Haw-
stead, Sir J. Cullum : — Rattlesden, Mrs. Parker : — Thurston,
Gray. — Hardwick ; Norton; E 1ms well ; Rougham and
.Felsham, H . & S. :— Barton Park, Sk. ms.

2. Melford :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :
— Sudbury, J.S.H. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Chevington ;
Brettenham ; Lavenham ; Naughton, H. &. S.

235

3. St. Margarets towards Flixton, Holmes : — Bungay,,
Stock.

4. Gt. Glemliam and Bendham. E.N.B. : — Yoxford.
Ms. Davy : — Badingham, T.W.G-. : — Hoxne, Galp.

5. Marlesford, E.N.B. : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Henley,
F.Fox: — near Ipswich, T.W.G. : — Hemingstone, T.B.:—
Flowton, Dr. White.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Erythraea, Benealm.

1. E. pulchella, Fries. Dwarf-branched Centaury.

Bab. Man. 240,1. Hook. St. Fl. 271. H. Sc S. 56.c. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual ; on the sea- shore, on sandy ground.

July to September.

8. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — 'Gorleston Cliffs, Pagvt and
Ms. Davy.

5. Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas. :— Woodbridge, Hb. Ek. :—
Walberswick, Ms. Davy.

Earliest notice 1828. Davy.

2. E. CentaTirium, Pers. Common Centaury.

Bab. Man. 241. Hook. St. Fl. 271. H. & S. ,^6.a. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 87.
Annual ; not infrequent in dry pastures. July, Aug.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. E. littoralis, Fries. Dwarj '-tufted Centaury.

Bab. Man. 241. Hook. St. Fl. 271. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual ; on sandy sea-shores, rarely inland. July, Aug.

1. Brandon || ; between Wangford and Lakenheath,
Bolton King, fide G. E. Druce.

3. Lowestoft Denes, Hb. Sk. :— Gorleston Pier, Sk. ms.

4. Size well.

Earliest notice 1860. E. Skepper.

Gentiana, Linn.

1. Gr. Amarella, Linn. Autumn Gentian. Felwort..

Bab. Man. 242. Hook. St. Fl. 272. H.&S.56. Hist. Bury
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual ; on dry chalky soil. August, September.

236

1. Brandon 1 1 : — Chalk-pit, Stanton St. George, Hb*
•Cas.: — Thurston Heath, Hb. 8k. : — Bury and Hawstead,
SirJ. Cullum : — on the heath near Barrow Bottom, ftorepleno;
in a chalk-pit at Lit. Saxham, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Bough-
.am and Bradfield, H. & S. : — Bisby and Felsham, 8k. ms. :

— Barton Mills, Sir C. J. F. B, : — Newmarket Heath, Rev*
F. Tearle : — Cavenham Heath, Woodward.

2. Long Melford, J.F. W. :— Bookseye Green, Preston \.
Acton and Chevington, 8k. ms.

5. Coddenham, F. Fox : — Bramford, Miller.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

"2. G. campestris, Linn. Field Gentian.

Bab. Man. 242. Hook. St. PL 272. H. & S. 56. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Annual ; on dry chalky soil. August, September.

1. On Thurston Heath ; Cavenham Severais ; and
Deadman's Green, near Hardwick, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Bury,
Sir J. Cullum : — Bank on Icklingham Heath : — Bougham,
H. AS.

2. Melford Wood ? J.F.W. :— Hartest, H. rf. 8.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5. Gr. Pneiimonantlie, Linn. Marsh Gentian.

Bab. Man. 243. Hook. St. Fl. 272. H. & S. 56. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Annual ; on moist turfy heaths. August, September.

3. Carlton Heath, near Lowestoft, Woodward : — Hopton
and Gorton Heaths, Wigtj : — ' on moorish ground on left-
hand side of road going from Yarmouth to Lowestoft, Sir Jno.
dullum.' Note in Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox. : — ' on moory heaths,
at Herringfleet, two miles from MildenhahYsiej, Suffolk, and
at Beltin (sic), Suffolk, five miles South-west of Yarmouth,
on September 28th, I860,' W. Winter, Phyt. 1861, p. 296.
This authority is discredited by the mention of Mildenhall in
connection with the North-east corner of Suffolk. It may
have arisen from a lapse of memory, or a confusion of
thought, but without a sufficient explanation it must be
passed over as worthless. The plant is likely extinct in
Suffolk.

Earliest record 1777. Sir J. Cullum.

237

Limnanthemum, Gmel.

[1. l_i. nymphaeoides, Link. L. pdtatum, Gmel.

Bab. Man. 243. Hook. St. Fl. 273.

1 Floating herbaceous perennial ; in rivers ; not a native
of Suffolk. July, August.

1. Ickworth Park, likely introduced, Blackett : — Tud-
denham, ? Sk. ms.

2. Sudbury, J.S.H.

3. Somerleyton, ? 8k. ms.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.]

Menyanthes, Linn.

1. 3VL trifoliata, Linn. Marsh Buckbean or Bogbean.

Bab. Man. 243. Hook. St. Fl. 273. H. & S. 57. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 87.
Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes and fens.

May to July.

1 . Hopton 1 1 ; Coney Weston 1 1 ; Market Weston ;
Sapiston ; Barnham Heath ; Santon Downham ; Brandon ;
Icklingham : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Tuddenham Bog, Hb.
Blk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Tostock, J. Easor :—
West Stow and Higham, H. & 8. :— Lackford, E. 8k.

2. Cornard Mere, J.S.H. : — Sudbury, Fulcher.

3. Belton ; Beccles : — Oulton, McAub. : — Bungay,
H. & 8. : — Fritton ; Somerleyton and Benacre, Sk. ms. : —
Stow Fen, near Earsham, H.B.C.: — Worlingham, R. E.
Leach.

4. Eedgrave Fen : — Benhall Green, E.N.B. : — Size-
well, Hele : — Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Baylham, T.B. :— near Uiford Water Mill, F. Spal-
ding.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

POLEMONIACE>£.

Polemonium, Linn.

[1. P. CaeruleTim, Linn. Jacob's Ladder.

Bab. Man. 243,4. Hook. St. Fl. 274.

Herbaceous perennial ; doubtless a garden stray. July.
1. Woolpit, Mrs. Parker.]

238

CONVOLVULACE/E.

Convolvulus, Linn.

1. C. arvensis, Linn. Field Bindweed.

Bab. Man. 244. Hook. St. Fl. 284. H. & S. 57. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 88.

Herbaceous trailing perennial ; in fields and sandy
banks. June to August.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. C. sepmm, Linn. Calystegia sepium, E. Brown.

Hedge Bindweed.

Bab. Man. 244. Hook. St. Fl. 284. H. & S. 57. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Galp. 88.

Herbaceous climbing perennial ; in hedges and thickets.
A rose-coloured variety sent from Badingham by Mrs. Mar-
riott, of Wilby. July, August.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. C. Soldanella, Linn. Calystegia Soldanella^. Brown.

Sea-side Convolvulus.

Bab. Man. 245. Hook. St. FL 285. H. & S. 57. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Sufi. E.

Herbaceous trailing perennial ; on sandy sea-shores.

June to August.

3. Lowestoft 1 1 ; Kessingland and Benacre.

4. Dunwich: — Thorpe, Hb. Ly.SHele : — Aldringham,
Ms. Davy :— near Sizewell, Mrs. Toller.

5. Felixstowe : — Aldeburgh, Moor : — Eamsholt, Sir J.
Cullum :— Walton, F.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Cuscuta, Linn.

1. C. europasa, Linn. Greater Dodder.

Bab. Man. 245. Hook. St. Fl. 285. H. & S. 57. Top. Bot.
Sufi. E. and W.

Herbaceous climbing annual ; parasitical on hops, net-
tles, &c. ; leafless. August, September.

1. Bury ||, C.B., also Ebb. Blk. & Sk. : — on hops in a
hedge near Bury Gaol, Sir C.J.F.B.,

239

2. Semer, Hbb. Rk. & Dun. : — Lavenham, Hb. F. : —
on nettles at Haverhill, F. :— plentifully on hops in a hedge
by Holbecks, Hadleigh, F. Spalding :— Whatfield, H. & 8.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — Barking, Miss Jeffes.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

{C. Epilimim, Weilie. Flax Dodder.

Bab. Man. 245. Hook. St. Fl. 285. H. & S. 57.
Climbing annual ; parasitical on flax ; leafless. Aug.
4. On flax at Framlingham, H. & 8.

Earliest record 1860. Henslow and Skepper.]

2. C. E pithy mils, Murr. Lesser Dodder.

Bab. Man. 245. Hook. St. Fl. 285. H. &S.57. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 89.

Creeping annual ; parasitical on thyme, heath, orgorse.

July to September.

1. Troston 1 1 and Knettishall 1 1 Heaths : — Tuddenham,
'Hb. Sk. :— Bury, Eougham, and West Stow, E. Sk.

2. Thorpe Morieux, Aug. 1884, C.B.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Belton, on Ling, Paget : — Lowes-
toft, E. Sk. :— Oulton, McAub. :— Gunton Hills, Miss Jeffes.

4. Sizewell Heath : — Dunwich Heath, Hb. Gas. : —
Snape Heath, E.N.B. : — Westleton Heath, Ms. Davy.

Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

:!3. C. Trifolii, Bab. Clover Dodder.

Bab. Man. 245,6. Hook. St. FT. 285. Galp. 89.
Climbing annual ; parasitical on clover. July to Sep.

1. Fakenham; Honington : — Bury, Hb.Sk.: — Amp-
ton, W.J. : — Thurston, Sk. ms.

2. Cockfield and Thorpe Morieux, C.B. : — Hitcham,
Hbb. Hens., Rk. & Dun. : — Nayland 1 1, Gray.

3. St. Margarets (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Weybread, H.B.C.:—
Wetheringsett, Hb. Peck.

5. Stutton :— Aldeburgh, T.B.
Earliest notice 1837. Prof. Henslow.

BORAGINACE>£.

AsperugO, Linn.
tl. A. procumbens, Linn. Madwort.

240

Bab. Man. 247,8. Hook. St. Fl. 282. H. & S. 59. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. (mistaken for W.)

Procumbent annual ; on rich waste ground ; rare.

June, July.

1. Gazeley, ' In my garden, June 5, 1875. The only
time I ever saw the plant,' Rev. F. Tearle : — Wangford, Hb.
Cas.&F. Eagle, jun. : — near Newmarket, Dill. Hay : — Church-
yard, Newmarket, Ms. Davy.

2. Melford, C.B.
1724. Dillenius.

[Echinospermum Lapjjula, Lehm. A foreign casual ; annual.
4. Southwold, Bab. Man. Ed. 7, p. 241 : — ' Between
South wold and the pier, found from 1839 to 1848 ; now
appears to be extinct,' Holmes.]

Cynoglossum, Linn.

1. C. officinale, Linn. Common Hound' s-tongue.

Bab. Man. 248. Hook. St. Fl. 283. H. & S. 59. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 87.

Biennial weed ; by roadsides and waste places.

June, July.

1. Bury; Culford ; Ampton ; Livermere ; Euston ;
Fakenham ; Rushford ; Hinderclay ; Stowlangtoft ; Thet-
ford ; Elveden ; Brandon : — Barnham and Bradfield St.
Clare, C.B. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun. :— Culford Heath, Gray.
— Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— -
Cavenham, W. J. : — Tostock, J. Rasor : — Onehouse Wood,
Mrs. Terry : — Ashfield, Hb. Rk. : — Icklingham ; Wangford ;
Santon Downham ; Saxham ; Barton, Sk. ms. : — Pakenham,
H b. Cas. :— Gedding, F. :— West Stow, H. & S. :— Eush-
brooke, Hb. Ly.

2. Acton Sand-pit, C.B. : — Preston and Thorpe Mori-
eux, W.J. :— Hitcham, H b. Hens. :— Wixoe, Hb. F. :— Mel-
ford, J.F.W. :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Beccles : — near Gorton, Phyt. 1862 :— Lowestoft,
H. & S.: — Oulton, McAub. : — St. Margarets, Galp: — Belton,
H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

4. Walberswick : — between Saxmundham and Leiston,
Dr. Taylor :— Ubbeston, Holland :— Gt. Glemham, H.S8.:
— Knodishall, E.N.B. : — Wortham and Oakley, Collins.

5. Shrubland Park ; Orford: — Gt. Bealings, Moor :—
Grundisburgh, T.H . : — Melton, F. Spalding : — Hemingstone,

241

T.B. : — Ashbocking, F.C.8. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes:
— Lit. Blakenham, Haward : — Bramford, Miller.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Borago, Linn.

*1. B. officinalis, Linn. Common Borage.

Bab. Man. 248. Hook. St. Fl. 276,7. H. & S. 59. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher.

Large biennial herb ; on waste ground occasionally.

June, July.

1. Honington 1 1 : — Pakenham, Hbb. Blk., Gas. & Rk. :
— Langliam, lib. Dun. — Culford, Gray.

2. Nayland : — Hitcliam, Hb. Hens. : — Stoke-by-Clare,
Hb. F. :— Sudbury, J.S.H. :— Kersey, 8k. ms. :— Monk's
Eleigh, Eev. P. Lathbury.

3. Belton, Phyt. 1862 :— Gorleston, J. Priest in Hb.
Geld.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Debenham, Hb. Peck.

5. Burgh, near Woodbridge, Moor: — Hemingstone,
T.B. :— Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Anchusa, Linn.

{1. A. officinalis, Linn. Common Alkanet.

Bab. Man. 248. Hook. St. Fl. 278. H. & S. 58.
Herbaceous perennial ; on waste ground ; rare.

June, July.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Bergholt, H. & S.
Earliest notice 1840 ? Rev. E. J. Moor.

J2. A. sempervirens, Linn. Evergreen Alkanet.

Bab. Man. 248. Hook. St. Fl. 278. H. & S. 58. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Galp. 87.

Herbaceous perennial ; by old walls ; rather rare.

May to August.

1. Livermere 1 1 : — Hawstead ; ' By the old wall at the
back of the Tanner's garden in the Southgate Street,' Bury,
Sir. J. Cullum : — « Bury, in the lanes near Haberden,' Sir T.
G. Cullum. : — Tostock, Mrs. Terry.

2. Clare : — Nayland, Gray.

3. Burgh Castle (now extinct), Wirjg :— Flixton, H.B.C. :
—Gorleston, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

242

4. .Yaxley, Rev. W. Sewell, sp. C.B. : — Framlingham and
Parham, Or abbe : — Walpole, Sir J. E. Smith.

5. Between Ipswich and Woolverstone, Hb. Ek. : —
Bergholt, H. & S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Lyeopsis, Linn.

1. L. arvensis, Linn. Anchusa arvensis, Bieb.

Bugloss.

Bab. Man. 249. Hook. St. Fl. 277,8. H.&S.58. Hist. Yarm.
Hisfc. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 87.

Annual weed ; usually in cultivated ground. June, July.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Symphytum, Linn.

1. S. of&icinale, Linn. Common Comfrey.

Bab. Man. 249. Hook. St. Fl. 277. H. & S. 59. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 87.

Large herbaceous perennial ; usually by ditches or
streams. May, June.

Frequent in all the districts.

S. patens, Sibth.

Bab. Man. 249. Hook. St. Fl. 277.

1. Vine-fields, Bury|j ; Stanton || ; Brandon.

2. Stoke and Nayland. 3. Benacre.

4. Mendham Pit ; roadside between Weybread and
Wingfield, Galp.

5. Woolverstone : — beside the Fynn, Moor.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[S. orientale, Linn., is established in a grove in Tendring
Park, Stoke-by-Nayland || : it has been found near Ipswich 1 1,
Ips. Port/. ; and S. tauricum, Willd., is established in a copse
between Bury and Barton 1 1 ; also in a plantation at Brad-
field Manger, W.J.~\

Echium, Linn.

1. E. vulgare, Linn. Common Viper's Bugloss.

Bab. Man. 249. Hook. St. Fl. 276. H. & S. 57. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W.

243

Biennial herb ; usually in light sandy soil. June, July.

Frequent in all the districts.

A form with bright pink flowers from Tuddenham in
Hb. Wils. White, pink, red, purple, and blue varr. at San-
ton Downham, Nor gate.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Pulmonaria, Linn.

P. officinalis, Linn, Common Lungwort.

Bab. Man. 249,50. Hook. St. Fl. 279,80.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and thickets.

April, May.

4. Burgate Wood ||, G. J. Ashfield, Pliyt. 1862, p. 351 :
— Stubbing's Grove, Botesdale.

Mr. Ashfield says, ' I think there can be no doubt about
its being a genuine wild locality ; for the plant is plentiful,
it grows far in the interior of an extensive wood, and has as
much the appearance of being truly wild as any of the plants
near it.' The wood was visited in the spring of 1885, and
the plant was found in profusion; and, in less quantity, in
Btubbing's Grove, about a mile to the Westward. The wild
plant differs from the cultivated form, in having the leaves
unspotted, or very faintly so. This may account for its hav-
ing been passed over by the simpler s, and left to enjoy its
native shade.

Earliest record 1862. G. J. Ashfield.

Lithospermum, Linn.

1. L. officinale, Linn. Common Gromwell,

Bab. Man. 250. Hook. St. Fl. 278,9. H. & S. 58. Hist. Fram.
• Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 88.

Herbaceous perennial ; usually on dry banks.

June to August.

1. Market Weston || ; Fakenham Wood; Ixworth
Thorpe ; Sapiston ; Wattisfield ; Ingham ; Livermere : —
Felsham, G.B. :— Bury, Hb. Gas. :— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :—

•Pakenham, Hb. Elk. \— Walsham, Hb. Dun. :— Hawstead,
Sir J. Cullum : — Tostock, Mrs. Terry.

2. Acton sand-pit and Cockfield, C.B. : — Hitcham,
.Hb.Hens. :— Chilton, J.F.W.

3. Burgh Castle, Paget : -St. Margarets, Galp.

244

4. Burgate, C. J. Ashfteld :- Gt. Glemham, F.N.B. :
— Ubbeston, Holland : — Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Shrubland : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Gosbeck, F. Fox :
— Bramford, LS. Soc. : — Ashbocking, F.C.8. : — Lit. Blaken-
ham, Haivard : — Melton, H b. Ly.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. L. arvense, Linn. Corn Gromwell.

Bab. Man. 250. Hook. St. Fl. 279. H. & S. 58. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. . Galp. 88.

Annual ; in corn-fields ; preferring a light soil.

May to July..

1. Troston || ; Honington; Cavenliam: — Bury, Hb.Sk. :
— Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. : — Barton and Mildenhall, Sir
C.J.F.B. : — Livermere, Gray : — Westley ; Eisby and Fel-
sham, Sk. ms.

2. Nayland ; Wiston : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Cock-
field, W.J. :— Thurlow, fib. F.

3. Bungay, H. & S. :— Oulton, McAub. :— St. Mar-
garets, Galp.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Ubbeston, Holland : — Mend-
ham, H.B.C.

5. Claydon, F.C.S. :— Hemingstone, T.B.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

MyOSOtJS, Linn.

1. M. palustris, With. Water Scorpion Grass.

Forget-me-not.

Bab. Man. 250,1. Hook. St. Fl. 280. H. & S. 58. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 88.

Herbaceous perennial ; edge of ditches and streams.
Frequent in all the districts. June to August.

b. M. strigulosa, Reichb.
Bab. Man. 251. Hook. St. Fl. 280,1.
1. Fakenham||. 3. Fritton.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. M. repens, Don. Creeping Scorpion Grass.
Bab. Man. 251. Hook. St. Fl. 281. Galp. 88.
Herbaceous creeping perennial. June to August.
3. St. Margarets (E.A.H.) Galp. This plant has not

hitherto been recognised as a native of this or any of the

245

three contiguous counties. cThe authority for it is most
respectable. It is desirable that it should be verified by a
specimen.

3. 1VL CSBSpitosa, Schultz. Ccespitose Scorpion Grass*
Bab. Man. 251. Hook. St. Fl. 281. H. & S. 58. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Whcr. Top. Bot. Suff. E. &. W. Galp. 87.

Herbaceous perennial ; in shallow streams.
Frequent in all the districts. June to August.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

5. M. Sllvatica, Ehrh. Wood Scorpion Grass.
Bab. Alan. 251. Hook. St. Fl. 281. H. &. S. 58. Hist. Wher.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 88.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods ; somewhat rare.

May, June.

1. Eougham, Hb. Elk. : — Nowton, Hb. Wils. : — Haw-
stead, E. S. Marshall.

2. Brettenham || C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Brent,
Eleigh, W.J. :— Whepstead, E. S. Marshall.

3. Flixton, H.B.O. 4. Huntingfield ||, Holland.
5. Otley? E.N.B. :— Bentley, I. 8. Soc. :— Bricet, H.

& S. : — "Wherstead, Hau-ard : — Barking Woods, Miss Jeffes.
Earliest notice 1831. Mrs. French.

6. M. arvensis, Lehm. Field Scorpion Grass.
Bab. Man. 252. Hook. St. Fl. 281. H. & S. 58. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 88.

Annual weed ; in corn-fields and woods. June to Aug.
Frequent in all the districts.
b. M. umbrosa, Bab.
Bab. Man. 252. Hook. St. Fl. 282.

1. Fakenham || :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. 2. Wiston.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

7. M. collina, Ho/m. Dwarf Scorpion Grass.
Bab. Man. 252. Hook. St. Fl. 282. H. & S. 58. Hist. Yarm,

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 88.

Small annual ; on dry banks. April, May.

In all the districts.

b. M. Mittenii, Lond. Cat.
Hook. St. Fl. 282.

1 . Thetford Heath 1 1 :— Culford Heath, Gray :— Faken-
Lam, E.F.L.

Earliest notice 1835. D. Stock.

246

S. 1VC. versicolor, Reich. Variable Scorpion Grass

Bab. Man. 252. Hook. St. PL 282. H. & S. 58. Hist. Frara.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Galp. 88.
Small annual ; on banks and dry places. May, June.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

SOLANACE/E.

Solan urn, Linn.

1. S« nigrum, Linn. Black Nightshade*

Bab. Man. 253. Hook. St. PL 287. H. & S. 60. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 89.

Annual weed ; in waste and cultivated ground.

July to September.

1. Honington || ; Ixworth; Hopton; Barnham; Wang-
ford; Mildenhall: — Ampton; Beyton; Bury, C.B. :— Barton,
Hb. Blk. : — Pakenliam, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :

— Walsham, Hb. Dun : — Tuddenham, PI. Sk. : — Fornham
All Saints, Hb. Ly.

2. Nayland : — Hitcliam, Hb. Hens. : — Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Lound ; St. Olaves ; Beccles : — Bungay, Stock : —
Fritton, E.N.B. :— Lowestoft ; Belton ; Benacre, E. Sk. :—
Oulton, McAub.

4. Eye; Walberswick; Thorpe: — Dunwich; Wenhas-
ton, W.J. :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Mendliam and Syle-
ham, Galp.

5. Stutton ; Orford :-*-Gt. Bealings, Moor: — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. : — Hemingstone, T.B. :— Brantham, C.B. :—
Felixstowe, Purclias : — Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. S. Dulcamara, Linn. Bitter-sweet Nightshade*

Bab. Man. 253. Hook. St. PL 287. H. & S. 59. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 89.

Climbing herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedges.
Frequent in all the districts. June, July,

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Atropa, Linn.

1. A. Belladona, Linn. Deadly Nightshade. Divale*
Bab. Man. 254. Hook. St. PL 287,8. H. & S. 60. Hist. Pram,
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. W. Galp. 89.

247

Poisonous herbaceous perennial ; on waste ground.

June to August.

1. Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — Abbey ruins, Bury, Sir,
T. G. Cullum : — Mildenhall, Sir O.J.F.B. : — Lane between
Bisby and Flempton, H. & S. :— Westley Wood, E. Burr ell :
~— Fornham, Hb. Ly.

4. About the Castle, Framlingham, Parkinson & Crabbe.
Now extinct, fi.N.B. : — Once found a plant at Oakley Park,
Collins.

5. Woolverstone || : — Hemingstone, T.B.
Earliest record 1640. Parkinson.

Hyoscyamus, Linn.

1. H. niger, Linn. Henbane.

Bab. Man. 254. Hook. St. Fl. 286. H. & S. 59. Hist. Yarnu
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 89.

Poisonous biennial ; usually on waste ground.

May to July.

1. Honington ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Elveden : — Ashfield,
Eb. Dun. :— Pakenham, Eb. Cas. :— Eisby Heath, Eb. Wils.:
— Eougham, Eb. Ek. : — Elmswell, F. :— Mildenhall, Sir
C.J.F.B. : — Eattlesden, Mrs. Parker : — Woolpit, J. Easor :
—Barton and Icklingham, E. & S. : — Wangford Warren,
Eev. F. Tearle : — Cavenham and Thetford, 8k. ms. : — Santon
Downham, Nor gate : — Fornham, Eb. Ly.

2. Nayland: — Kedington and Lit. Thurlow, Eb. F. :
— Cockfield, C.B.:— Hitcham, Eb.Eens.:— Melford, J.F.W.:
— Hadleigh, F. Spaldiny.

3. Lowestoft, Eb. Sk. :— Beccles, W. M. Crowfoot :—
Gorleston, Phyt. 1863:— Bungay, E. & S. : — St. Margarets
(E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Snape, E.N.B. :— Brockford, Eb. Peck.

5. Orford ; Felixstowe and Landguard Fort: — Aide-
burgh, Hele : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Melton, F. Spalding .-
— Hemingstone, T.B. : — Coddenham, F. Fox : — Needham
Market, E. Gloices: — Wherstead, Eaward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[Nicandra physaloides, Gaert., was found in the summer
of 1882, in a bean-field at Somerton||, district 2, by M. L.
-Bolder o.~\

248

Lycium, Linn.

[L. barbarum, Linn. Duke of Argyll 's Tea-tree*

Bab. Man. 254. Hook. St. Fl. App. 533.

A foreign shrub ; which has strayed largely from culti-
vation ; usually found in hedges. June to August.

1 . Honington || ; Sapiston ; Troston ; Eisby ; Brandon,
and Mildenhall.

2. Long Melford.

3. Bungay ; Burgh Castle ; Gorleston ; Kessingland
and Henstead : — Bradwell, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

4. River-bank at Snape, at a distance from houses,
E.N.B. :— Thorpe.

5. Shelley ; Aldeburgh ; Orford.]

Datura, Linn.

[D. Stranionium, Linn. Common Thorn-apple*

Bab. Man. 254. Hook. St. Fl. App. 533. H. & S. 59. Hist. Fram.
Annual ; occasionally found as a stray in waste places.

June, July.

1. Ixworth || : — Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : — Santon Down-
ham, Hb. 8k. :— Bradfield St. George, Hbb. Turn. & Ly.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Mettingham ; Worlingham : — Fritton Heath, Wood-
ward.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Brockford, Hb. Peck.

5. Aldeburgh, Heie : — Melton, F. Spalding.
Earliest notice 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.]

OROBANCHACE>£.

Orobanche, Linn.

1. O. Rapum, Thuill. 0. major, Linn.

Greater Broom-rape.

Bab. Man. 255. Hook. St. Fl. 308. H. & S. 60. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 92.

Herbaceous leafless plant, parasitical on broom, gorse,
&c. May to July.

1. Fakenham, on broom || ; Lackford: — Lit. Saxham,
Miss Bullender : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Gas. :— Herrings well,
Rev. F. Tearle.

2. Wiston :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

249

3. Bungay, H. & 8. 4. Weybread, H.B.O.

5. Greeting, Miss Jeffes : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Bur-
stall, F. Fox : — Loudham Hall, Wickham Market, F. Spal-
ding : — near Bentley, Purchas : — Bawdsey, C.B.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3- O- caryopliyllacea, 8m. Clove-scented Broom-rape.
Bab. Man. 255. Hook. St. Fl. 309. H. & S. 60. Top. Bot. Suff.W.?
Herbaceous leafless plant ; parasitical on Galium Mollugo.

June, July.

1. Near Hawstead, McAub, & Miss Harvey.

2. Semer, H. & 8. :— « near Sudbury, W.L.N., (or, ac-
cording to Mr. Watson, E. G. Varenne)' A.~B.

Earliest record 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

4. O. elatior, Sutt. Tall Broom-rape.
Bab. Man. 256. Hook. St. Fl. 309. H. & S. 60. Hist. Bury.

Top. Bot. Sufi. W.

Herbaceous leafless plant ; parasitical on Centaurea
ScaUosa. June, July.

1. Bardwell, Hb. Blk. :— Norton, Hb. Cas. :— Stow-
langtoft, Hb. Ek. :— about Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum.

5. Button, H. & S. : — Felixstowe, Hb. Ly.
Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

5. O. Picridls, F. W. Scliultz. Picris Broom-rape.
Bab. Man. 256. Hook. St. FL 309,10.

Herbaceous leafless perennial ; parasitical on Picris.

July.

1. Gt. Welnetham, Hb. Sk.
1862. E. Skepper.

7. O. minor, Sutt. Lesser Broom-rape.

Bab. Man. 256. Hook. St. FL 309. H. & S. 60. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 92.

Herbaceous leafless annual ; frequently parasitical on
Clover and Crepis virens.

1. Honington 1 1 , on Crepis virens : Barton, Hb. Blk. : —
Beyton, Hb. Wils. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun.

2. Cockfield, C.B. : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Nayland,
Gray:— Melford, J.F.W.

8. Bradwell: — Bungay, Stock. : — Gorleston, Phyt.1862:
— Oulton, McAub : — Flixton, Galp.

250

4. Eedgrave : — Gt. Glemham, very abundant, E.N.B.

5. Felixstowe : — on clover at Baydon Cottage, Orford,
Crabbe. : — Ipswich, Ips. Port/.: — Gt. Bealings, Moor: —
Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Ashbocking, F.C.8. :— Wherstead,,
Haward.

Earliest notice 1805. Kev. G. Crabbe.

9. O. CSerulea, Vill. Blue Broom-rape.

Bab. Man. 257. Hook. St. Fl. 310.

Herbaceous leafless parasite. June, July.

1. In the Rectory Greenhouse, Cockfield, C.B.
5. Pettistree, Ms. Davy.

Earliest record 1828. Davy.

[O. raiTLOSa, Linn. Branched Broom-rape.

Bab. Man. 257. Hook. St. Fl. App. 533.

Herbaceous leafless annual ; parasitical on Hemp &
Hemp Nettle. . June to September.

3. Near Beccles, J. Sherard in Dill. Ray, & G.R.L. in
Hb. Salm. : — Mettingham, on the roots of Hemp & Galeopsis
Tetrahit, both annual plants, Woodward: — near Bungay, Stock.

4. Brome, Woodward.

As Hemp is no longer grown in the county, its parasite
has become extinct.

1724. J. Sherard.]

SCROPHULARIACE>€.

Verbascum, Linn.

1. V. ThapSTlS, Linn. Hightaper.

Bab. Man. 259. Hook. St. FL 291,2. H. & S. 60. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher.

Tall biennial ; by hedges and waste places. July, Aug.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. V. Lychnitis, Linn. White Mullein.
Bab. Man. 260. Hook. St. Fl. 292. H. & S. 61. Hist. Frain.
Biennial herb ; in waste places and roadsides.

June to August.

1. Bury, SirJ.Cullum:— BartonMills, Rev.F.Tearle? :—
Livermere, Hb. 8k. : — between Ampton and Livermere,.ZJ.d;$.
3. Hedge-banks, Bungay, F. Spalding.

251

4. Framlingham, on the way to Parham, Crabbe.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. V. pulverulentum, Vill. Hoary Mullein.

Bab. Man. 260. Hook. St. Fl. 292. H. & S. 61. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Biennial herb ; on banks and waste places. July.

1. Timworth :— Bury || , Dill. Ray & Hbb. Sk. & Wils. :—
tFornham, Hb. Blk. : — between Bury and Newmarket, C.B. :
— Bushbrooke, Hb. Turn.

3. Near Lake Lothing : — at the back of Browston Hall,
and on Herringfleet Common, Wigg : — Fritton Wood, Paget :
— near Mutford Bridge, Dr. Trimen : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Dunwich, Davy & E.N.B.
Earliest notice 1724. Dillenius.

4. V. nigrum, Linn. Dark Mullein.

Bab. Man. 260, Hook. St. FL 292. H. & S. 60. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 90.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks and waysides.

July, August.

1. Fakenham ; Honington ; Sapiston ; Pakenham ;
Livermere ; Higham ; Elveden ; Barton Mills ; Horringer :
— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Dun. : — Thurston, Hb. Gas. : — Bury
•and Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.:
— near Sicklesmere, W.J. : — Barrow, J.F.W. : — Dalham,
Sk. ms. :— Bradfield Combust, G.B.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Kersey, Gray : — Sudbury,
Fulcher : — Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Burgh Castle, Hb. Ek. :— Homersfield, H.B.C. :—
Halesworth, W. J. : — Bungay, F. Spalding.

4. Redgrave, G. J. Ashfield: — Westleton : — Wenhaston,
W.J. : — Walberswick, J.H.G. : — Mendham and Metfield,
Galp. : — Oakley and Palgrave, Collins.

5. Shrubland ; Woolverstone and Shelley : — near
Marlesford, E.N.B. : — Martlesham, Moor : — Baylham, Hb.
F. : — Hemingstone, T.B.: — Coddenham, F. Fox: — Ipswich,
R.SS.: — Lit. Blakenham, Haward : — between Bramford
and Claydon, I.S. ' Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5. "V. JBlattaria, Linn. Moth Mullein.
Bab. Man. 260. Hook. St. Fl. 292.3. Hist.Yarm. Galp. 90.

252

Biennial herb ; on gravelly banks. August.

1. Barton and Mildenhall, HB. BIJc. : — Coney Weston :
— near Union House, Bury, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

3. Southtown, Paget & Wigg : — Gorleston by Ferry, /.
Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Weybread, Hb. Je/es.
Earliest record 1805. Wigg.

6. V. virgatTim, With. Twiggy Mullein. ,

Bab. Man. 261. Hook. St. Fl. 293. H.&S.60. Hist.Yarm.
Biennial herb ; on gravelly banks ; rare. August.

1. Ixworth, H. & 8.

2. Semer, H. & 8. :— Cockfield ||, W.J.

3. Southtown, Paget. 4. Dunwich, Ms. Davy.
Earliest record 1828. Davy.

V. Thapso-Lychnitis. A. hybrid. This is likely the
plant described as V. Lychnitis, b. — July 31st, 1773, Sir J.
Cullum. Lond. Cat. 1027 a.

V. Thapso-nigrum. A hybrid. Lond.

Cat. 1027 b.

1. Cavenham.

5. In the upper Chalk-pit, Claydon ||, 1884. Hind.

[V. placeniceTim, Linn. A single plant, 1 Sep. 1880,
on a gravelly bank near the tail-race of Nayland Mill.
Hind.]

Digitalis, Linn.

1. D. purpurea, Linn. Purple Foxglove.

Bab. Man. 261. Hook. St. Fl. 298. H. & S. 62. Top. Bot.
SufE. B. and W. Hist.Wher.

Tall herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedge-banks.

June to August.

1. Woolpit, F. Apparently absent from the greater
portion of the N.W. district.

2. Wiston || ; Stoke-by-Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Lound ; Fritton and Belton : — Bungay, H. & S.

4. Cookley : — Westleton, Holmes : — Dunwich and Strat-
ford St. Andrew, Ms. Davy.

5. Woolverstone : — Bergholt, Hb. Cas. : — Wherstead,
Moor : — Bentley, T.B. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes : —

253

Shelley and Stratford St. Mary, F. Spalding : — Aldeburgh,.
H.&S.

Earliest notice 1832. Mrs. Casborne.

Antirrhinum, Linn.

*1. A. majllS, Linn. Greater Snapdragon*

Bab. Man. 261. Hook. St. Fl. 295. H. & S. 61. Hist. Yarm.
Showy herbaceous perennial ; on old walls. July to Sep.

1. Honington |; Troston ; Thetford ; Barton Mills:
• — Bury, Hbb. Sk. & Wils. : — Sapiston, Gray: — Fornham,
H. <£ S. :— Hawstead, Hb. Ly.

2. Melford, W.J. 3. Bungay and Kessingland.

4. Hoxne, Collins.

5. Ipswich, E.N.B. :— Bergholt, H. &S.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. A. Orontmm, Linn. Lesser Snapdragon*

Bab. Man. 261. Hook. St. Fl. 295. H. & S. 61. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 90.

Annual ; chiefly in light or sandy land. July, Aug»

1. Honington || : — Barton, Hb. Ek. : — Pakenham,jff£.
Cas. : — Kougham, Hb. Blk. : — Bury, Sir J. Outturn : — Now-
ton, E. Sk.

2. Cockfield, W.J.

3. Hopton : — Bungay, Stock : — Belton, Paget : — South-
•wold, Hb. Dun.:— Homersfield, £T.£.C. :— Lowestoft, E.Sk.t
— Oulton, McAub : — Belton, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe: — Thorpe, Hele : — Wenhas-
ton Heath, W.J. :— Theberton,T.TF.#. :— Brockford,.ff6.P<?dk

5. Stutton : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Hemingstone,
T.B. :— Holbrooke, E. Sk. :— Wherstead, Haward :— Martle-
sham, Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Linaria, Mill.

*1. L. Cymbalaria, Mill. Ivy-leaved Toadflax.

Bab. Man. 261. Hook. St. Fl. 293. H. & S. 61. Galp. 90.

Creeping herbaceous perennial ; on walls. May to Oct.

1. Honington || ; Ixworth ; Troston Hall ; Thetford ;
Elveden; Mildenhall :— Bury, Hbb. Sk. & Wils. :— Stowlang-
toft, Hb. Rk. :— Woolpit, F. :— Barningham, E.F.L. :—

254

"Bradfield Combust, G.B. : — on a Lime tree at Brandon,
Norgate.

2. Nayland and Stoke : — Kersey, E.F.L. : — Lavenham,
W . J. :— Long Melford, J.F. W. :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Bungay and Mettinghaiii : — Oulton, McAub : — Flix-
ton, Galp.

4. Dunwicli : — Framlingham, T.W.G.

5. Woolverstone : — Higham, Hb. Mg. : — Ashbocking,
,F.C.S. :— Needham Market, E. Clowes.

Earliest notice 1831. Hb. Wilson.

2. L. Elatine, Mill. Fluellin*

Bab. Man. 261,2. Hook. St. Fl. 293,4. H.&S.61. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 90.
Small prostrate annual ; in corn-fields. July to Sep.

1. Honington||; Sapiston; Ixworth Thorpe ; Wether-
den :— Bradfield St. Clare, G.B. :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :— -
Hardwick, Hb. 8k. : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Walsham, Hb*
Dun. : — Coney Weston, E.F.L. : — Welnetham, Mrs. Carss.

2. Thorpe and Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, HB. Hens.:
— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Haverhill, F.

3. Hopton || ; Gorleston ; Kessingland and Benacre :
— Bungay, Stock : — Lowestoft and Blundeston, E. Sk. : —
St. Margarets (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Botesdale : — OH. Glemham, E.N.B.: — Framling-
ham, Crabbe :— Badingham, T.W.G. :— Brockford, Hb. Peck:
— Weybread, Galp.

5. Hemingstone, T. B. : — Coddenham, F. Fox : — «
Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3- Ti. spuria, Mill. Round-leaved Toadfla&+

Bab. Man. 262. Hook. St. Fl. 293. H. & S. 61. Hist. Franu
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 90.

Small prostrate annual ; in corn-fields. July to Sep.

1 . Honington : — Culford Heath ; Ixworth ; Livermere,
Gray : — Hardwick, HI. Sk. : — Walsham, Hb. Dun. : — Bury,
Sir T. G. Cullum :— Eattlesden, Mrs. Parker :— Woolpit, F. :
— Hawstead and Exning, 8k. ms. : — Lakenheath, H. & S. : — •
Lit. Welnetham, Mrs. Carss.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Thurlow,
Hb. F. :— Hadleigh, Hb. Mg. :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Ched-
burgh, Miss Bell.

255

3. Hopton || : — Bungay, Stock : — St. Cross, Holmes r
— Halesworth, H. & 8.

4. Botesdale : — Leiston, Hele :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.:
— Badingham, T.W.G.: — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Brock-
ford, Hb. Peck :— Kettleburgh Glebe, Ms. Davy.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Coddenliam, F.Fox: —
"Wherstead, Haward : — Darmsden, Hb. Jeft'es : — Barham,
Hb. Ly. :— Blaxball, Mrs. Toller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. L. minor, Desf. L. viscida, Moench.

Lesser Toadflax.

Bab. Man. 262. Hook. St. Fl. 295. H. & S. 61. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 90.

Small annual weed ; in sandy or light soil. June to Aug.

1. Homngton || ; Ixworth Thorpe; Sapiston; Wether-
den; Barton Mills : — Hardwick, Hb. Sk. : — Walsham, Hb.
Dun. :— Barton and Mildenhall, Sir G.J.F.B. : — Bardwell,
Rk. : — Battlesden, Mrs. Parker : — Newmarket and Laken-
heath, H. & S. : — Barrow, Bisby and Exning, Sk. ms.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb.Hens. :— Gt. Wrat-
ting, Hb. F. :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Whepstead, H. & S.

3. St. Margarets, H.B.C. :— Flixton, Galp. :— Gorles-
ton, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

4. Burgate, C. J. Ashfield : — Huntingfield, Holland : —
Brockford, Hb.Peck.

5. Bentley : — Aldeburgh, E. Forster, jun. : — Iken,
Crabbe : — Ashbocking, F.C.S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

8. L. vulgaris, Mill. Common Toadflax.

Bab. Man. 263. Hook. St. Fl. 294. H. & S. 61. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 90.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fields and hedges. June, July.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Scrophularia, Linn.

1. S. nodosa, Linn. Knotted Figwort.

Bab. Man. 263. Hook. St. Fl. 296. H. & S. 62. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 91.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedges.

Frequent in all the districts. June, July.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

256

2. S. limbrosa, Dum. Shady Figwort*
Bab. Man. 263. Hook. St. Fl. 296.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places. August, Sep.
1. Hinderclay Wood ||.

Earliest notice 1882. Hind.

3. S. aquatica, Linn. 8. Balbisii, Hornerru

Water Figwort.

Bab. Man. 263,4. Hook. St. Fl. 296. H. & S. 62. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 90.
Herbaceous perennial ; beside ditches and streams.
Frequent in all the districts. July, August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

}5. S. vernalis, Linn. Vernal Figwort*

Bab. Man. 264. Hook. St. Fl. 297. Hist. Bury.
Herbaceous perennial ; usually in waste places ; rare.

April, May.

1. Fornham St. Genevieve, Sir T. G. Cullum: — 'near
Bury,' Woodward and Hb. Ly. : — Stowlangtoft, in Rectory
kitchen garden, Hb. Rk. : — Rougham, 8k. ms. : — Hardwick,
Nor gate.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

Limosella, Linn.

1. Ti. aquatica, Linn. Mudwort*

Bab. Man. 264. Hook. St. Fl. 297. H. & S. 62. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small annual ; in mud at the edge of ponds .

July to September.

1. Mildenhall, near Barton Mills, on low wet ground,
Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Lowestoft, by the Fish-houses, Borrer.
Earliest record 1808. Borrer.

Melampyrum, Linn.

1. 3VL cristatlim, Linn. Crested Cow-wheat.

Bab. Man. 264. Hook. St. Fl. 307. H. & S. 64. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff.W.

Annual herb ; in woods and thickets. Almost confined
to West Suffolk : absent from the Breck country. July.

1. Westley Wood :— Bury, H b. Sk. :— Hessett and

257

Nowton, Hb. Wils. :— Kedington and Eattlesden, Hb. F. : —
Stanton, Hbb. Blk., Gas. and Ek. : — Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum-
— Ixworth, Woodward : — Clopton Park, Mrs. Parker : — One-
house ; Norton and Thurston, Mrs. Terry : — Elmswell |], J.
Rasor : — Hardwick and Westley, H. & S. : — Dalham, E. Sk.
2. Hitcliam, Hb. Hens. : — Chedburgh, Miss Bell : —
Stanstead, Rev. E. J. Phipps : — Whepstead, H. (£8.

4. Burgate Wood, G. J.Ashfield.

5. Bramford, Ips. Port/.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[2. M. arvense, Linn. Purple Cow-wheat.

Bab. Man. 264,5. Hook. St. Fl. 307. H. &. S. 64. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Annual herb ; in corn-fields and on dry banks ; rare.

July.

2. Hitcliam, Prof. Hens. Likely a casual.
Earliest record 1860. Prof. Henslow.]

3- ]VL pratense, Linn. Common Cow-wheat*

Bab. Man. 265. Hook. St. Fl. 306. H. & S. 64. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Galp. 92. Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W.

Annual herb ; in woods and thickets. This must be the
species intended by M. silvaticum in Hist. Fram. June, July.

1. Hinderclay and Wetherden : — Fakenham Wood,
Hb. Ek. :— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :— Monk's Wood, Hessett,ffi.
Wils. : — Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : — Stanton, Hb. Dun. : — Den-
ham, C.B. :— Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle.

2. Wiston : — Hitcliam, Prof. Hens. : — Woods near Nay-
land, Gray.

3. Oulton, McAub. : — Barsham, R. E. Leach.

4. Westleton Decoy |[ :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — Wherstead, Haward : — Wood-
bridge, Hb. Ly.

b. M. latifolium, (Syme.)
Hook. St. Fl. 306. L.C. 1076. b.
1. Stanton.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. M. Silvaticum, Linn. Wood Cow-wheat.

Bab. Man. 265. Hook. St. Fl. 307. Hist. Fram. ?
Annual ; in woods ; rare. July.

1. Monk's Wood, Hessett ! Hb. Wils. 1833.

258

Pedicularis, Linn.

1. P. palustris, Linn. Marsh Louse-wort

Bab. Man. 265. Hook. St. Fl. 306. H.&S.63. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 127.

Annual herb ; in marshes and fens. May to July.

1. Market Western [| ; Coney Weston; Hop ton ; Thel-
netham ; Hinderclay ; Brandon and Lakenheath : — Paken-
ham, Hbb. Cas.&Rk, :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall,
Sir C.J.F.B. :— Lackford, Hb. Ley.

2. In a marsh near the river, Long Melford : — Ked-
ington, Hb. F.

3. Beccles ; Bungay ; Fritton ; Lound ; Kessingland
and Benacre :— Mutford, Hb. Blk. :— Belton, E.N.B. :—
Lowestoft, E. 8k.: — Oulton, McAub. •. — Worlingham, R. E.
Leach.

4. Redgrave Fen, Hb. Dun. 5. Freston, Haward.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. P. Silvatica, Linn. Eed Rattle*

Bab. Man. 265,6. Hook. St. Fl. 306. H. & S. 64. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist pastures. May to Aug.

In all the districts, less frequent than formerly.

' On the 27th October, 1801, Mr. Dillwyn found on
Belton Common an extraordinary variety of this plant with
an hypocrateri form Corolla, — the limb divided into 5 equal
cordate segments ; the stamina were rather prominent ; of
six flowers only one was thus irregular, the remaining five
preserved their natural appearance.' D. Turner in B.G.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Rhinanthus, Linn.

1. H. Crista-galli, Linn. Common Yellow Rattle*

Bab. Man. 266. Hook. St. Fl. 305. H. & S. 63. Hist.Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 92.

Annual herb ; frequent in moist meadows and pastures.
Common in all the districts. June.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Euphrasia, Linn.

1. E. Officinalis, Linn. Eyebright.

259

Bab. Man. 267. Hook. St. Fl. 304. H. & S. 63. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 92.

Small annual herb ; in pastures, heaths and woods.
Common in all the districts. June to August.

1. E. nemorosa, Pers.

Bab. Man. 267.

4. Redgrave Fen ||.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Odontites, Duly.

1. O. rubra, Pers. Bartsia Odontites, Huds..

Red Odontites.

Bab. Man. 267. Hook. St. Fl. 304. H. & S. 63. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Puff. E. and W.

Annual weed ; on cultivated land, heaths and waysides.
Common in all the districts. July, August.

a. 0. verna, Reichb.

Bab. Man. 267. Hook. St. Fl. 304.

1. Shelland and Barton; Honingtonll: — Fornham,
Hb. Ly.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. 3. Fritton and Henstead.

b. 0. serotina. Reichb.

Bab. Man. 267. Hook. St. Fl. 304.

1. Between Market Weston and Hepworth, Gray : —
Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. : — Tudden-
ham, Hb. Wils. :— Felsham, Hb. 8k. :— Mildenhall ||.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. 3. Benacre.
4. Yaxley.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Veronica, Linn.

1. V. SCUtellata, Linn. Marsh Speedwell.

Bab. Man . 268. Hook. St. Fl. 302. H. & S. 62. Hist. Yarm
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 91.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fens and boggy ground.
Distributed through all the districts. June to Aug...

V. pubescens. V. parmularia, Poit et Turp.
Hook. St. Fl. 302.

260

1. Woolpit ||, Hb. F. :— Tostock, J. Rasor :— Broad-
mere ; Troston.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. V. AnagaUis, Linn. Water Speedwell*
Bab. Man. 268. Hook. St. PL 302. H. & S. 62. Hist'. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 91.
Herbaceous perennial ; in muddy ditches and streams.
Frequent in all the districts. June to August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. V. Beccabunga, Linn. Brooklime*
Bab. Man. 268. Hook. St. PI. 302. H. & S. 62. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 92.

Herbaceous perennial ; in shallow streams and ditches.
Frequent in all the districts. May to August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. V. Ch.am.8ed.rys, Linn. Germander Speedwell.

Bab. Man. 268. Hook. St. PL 301. H. &S.63. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 91.

Prostrate herbaceous perennial ; on banks and in woods.
Common in all the districts. May, June.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

5. V. montana, Linn. Mountain Speedwell*
Bab. Man. 268. Hook. St. Fl. 301,2. H. & S. 62. Hist. Bury.

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 91.

Herbaceous perennial ; prostrate in woods and shady
places. May, June.

1. Eushbrooke, Hb. Sk. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Wiston 1 1 ; Stoke-by-Nayland :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb.
F. :— Hart Wood, Gt. Bradley, F. :— • Nayland, Gray : —
Cockfield, W.J.

3. Belton : — St. Cross & Flixton, Holmes : — Chediston,
H. & S. : — Fritton and Gorleston, Phyt. 1862,3 : — Bungay,
H.SS.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Woolverstone : — Wherstead, Haward : — Ringshall,
Hb. Je/es.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

6. V. Officinalis, Linn. Common Speedwell.
Bab. Man. 268,9. Hook. St. Fl. 301. H. & S. 62. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Bury. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 91.

261

Herbaceous perennial ; on heaths and hills.
Common in all the districts. June to August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

7. V. spicata, Linn. Spiked Speedwell.

Bab. Man. 269. Hook. St. Fl. 302,3. H. & S. 62. Hist. Bury.
' .Top. Bot. Suff . W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on chalky heaths. July, Aug.

1. Bury, Mr. Crowe: — ' Icklingham, on a dyke in a
heath West side of Icklingham Church, Sir Jno. Cullum,
1777.' Dill. RayinHort. Ox. : — ' On Cavenham, Culford and
Eisby Heaths,' Sir T. G. Cullum :—' Between Eisby Heath
Fir Plantation and Cavenham Severals,' Blk. in Hbb. Rk. &
Borrer : — Tuddenham, H b. Sk. & Dr. Clay inHb. Rk. : — New-
market Heath, Miss Bullender & Gas. inHb. Rk. : — Herrings-
well green lane, Rev. F. Tearle : — Culford Heath, near Word-
well, August, 1879 ||, Gray :— Thetford Heath, F. :— Bran-
don, Britten : — Between Barnham and Euston, Hb. Salm. :
— ' Monday, Sept. 3, 1781. In company with Dr. Goodenough,
Mr. Laurents and my brother, on the bank opposite to
Icklingham, is the Veronica Hybrida as well as spicata. The
chief difference is that the leaves of the former are paler and
less rigid,' Sir. J. Cullum. Scarcely V. hybrida, Ed.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

10. V. serpyllifolia, Linn. Thyme-leaved Speedwell.

Bab. Man. 269. Hook. St. Fl. 300. H. & S. 62. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 91.

Herbaceous perennial ; prostrate in pastures and heaths.
Common in all the districts. May to July.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

11. V. arvensis, Linn. Field Speedwell.

Bab. Man. 270. Hook. St. Fl. 300. H. & S. 63. Hist. Yarm.
'Hiat. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 91.

Annual weed ; on sandy and gravelly soil. April to July.
Common in all the districts.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

12. V. verna, Linn. Vernal Speedwell.

Bab. Man. 270. Hook. St. Fl. 300. H. & S. 63. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small annual plant ; on sandy or chalky heaths. May.

262

1. * On a sandy grassy bank, near a large gravel-pit on\
the right-hand, about half-way between West Stow and Ick-
lingham,' Sir J. Outturn : — Thetford Heath || ; West Stow ;
Barnham : — Mildenhall, Hbb. Cas. & Blk. : — Cavenham and
Lakenheath, Hb. Sh. : — in the Eye at Wordwell, Sir T. G.
Outturn : — ' Near Bury, about Culford, and at Lackford, Sir
Jno. Outturn,' Dill. Ray inHort. Ox. : — Icklingham Heath,
A.B. :— Brandon, H. & S. :— Elveden, E.F.L. :— Eriswell,
C.B.

4. Thorpe, Hele :— Cookley, Eev. W. E. Tate.
Earliest record 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

13. V. triphyllos, Linn. Fingered Speedwell..

Bab. Man. 270. Hook. St. Fl. 299. H.&S. 63. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 127.

Small annual plant ; in sandy fields. April.

1. 'Icklingham, sandy fields, Sir Jno . Cullum ,' Dill.
Ray inHort. Ox.: — ' May 5, 1875. It has been some time
in blossom on a sandy fallow about quarter-of-a-mile from the
E. end (a little inclining to the South) of the first Church
in Icklingham, about 7 m. N.W. of Bury,' Sir J. Cullum: —
Barton Mills, T. Willisell in Dill. Ray, and TJios. Martyn : —
Mildenhall, Hbb. Blk. & Cas. :— Eriswell, Sir O.J.F.B. :—
Brandon || , W. J. Cross : — Thetford and Lakenheath, H.&S.:
— West Stow, Hb. Blk. : — ' Near Culford and Lackford,
Sir Jno. Cullum,' Dill. Ray m Hort. Ox. : — Cavenham, E. S.
Marshall : — Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. : — Livermere, Rev. J.
Dalton : — Elveden and Euston, E.F.L. : — Barnham, C.B.

2. Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Bungay, Sir J. E. Smith. 4. Snape, Hele.

5. Shottisham, Holmes: — Aldeburgh, Crabbe : — Bar-
ham Heath, Rev. W. Kirby.

Earliest record 1724. Willisell.

14. V. agrestis, Linn. Procumbent Speedwell.

Bab. Man. 270,1. Hook. St. Fl. 299. H. & S. 63. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 91.

Small procumbent annual ; on cultivated ground.
Common in all the districts. April to September.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

15. V. polita, Fries. Grey Field Speedwell.
Bab. Man. 271. Hook. St. Fl. 299. H. & S. 63. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 91.

263

Small procumbent annual ; on cultivated ground.

April to September.

1. Honington || ; Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Stowlangtoft, Rk. :
— Rougham, H. & 8. :— Bradfield, E. Sk.

2. Clare ; Stoke-by-Nayland : — Kersey, E.F.L.

8. Kessingland ; Beccles : — Bungay, Stock : — St. Mar-
garets, Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Burgate :— Hoxne; Eye;
Mellis, E. S. Marshall.

5. Stutton and Shelley: — Grundisburgh, T.H.

V. grandiflora, Bab.

1. Barton Mills ||. 2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. 1850.

Earliest notice 1835. D. Stock.

'16. V. Buxbaumii, Ten. V. persica, Poir.

Buxbaum's Speedwell.

Bab. Man. 271. Hook. St. Fl. 299. H. & S. 63. Top. Bot.
5uff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 91.

Procumbent annual ; chiefly on cultivated land.

April to September.

1 . Honington || ; Fakenham ; Risby ; Wetherden : —
Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :— Woolpit, Hb. F. :
— Barningham, E.E.L. : — Fornham, Sk.ms. : — SantonDown-
ham, Norgate : — Bradfield, Rev. P. Lathbury : — Kennet, C.B.

2. Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Cockfield, W.J. :
—Kersey, E.F.L. :— Waldringfield, C.B.

3. Fritton and Kessingland ; Beccles : — Blundeston,
Sk. ms.

4. Burgate ; Cookley ; Westleton : — Gt. Glemham and
Sweffling, E.N.B. :— Badingham, T.W.G.

5. Stutton and Olaydon : — Orford, E.N.B. : — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. :— Coddenham, F. Fox :— Wherstead, Haward:
near Dodnash Wood, I.S. Soc.

Earliest record 1852. F. K. Eagle.

17. V. hederifolia, Linn. Ivy -leaved Speedwell.

Bab. Man. 271. Hook. St. Fl. 299. H. & S. 63. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 91.

Annual ; generally procumbent. April to June.

Frequent in all the districts.

A form with broadly ovate leaves and erect habit occur-
red at Honington 1 1 in 1880.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

264

LABIATE.

Mentha, Linn.

fl. M. viridis, Linn. Spearmint.

Bab. Man. 274. Hook. St. Fl. 315,16. Hist. Bury. Galp. 93.
Erect herbaceous perennial ; in marshy places. August.

1. Bury, Sir T. G. Outturn.

4. Banks of the Waveney below Syleham Mills, Holmes.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. M. rotundifolia, Linn. Broad-leaved Mint.

Bab. Man. 274. Hook. St. Fl. 315. H.&S.64. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. Galp. 93.

Herbaceous perennial ; in waste places ; rare.

August, September.

3. Chediston, Trimmer-. — Oulton, McAub.

4. Withersdale, H.B.O. :— Palgrave, Collins :— Mend-
ham ; Metfield, Galp.

Earliest record 1860. Kev. Kirby Trimmer.

3. M. alopecuroides, Hull. M. vclutina, Bab.

Velvet Mint.

Bab. Man. 275. Hook. St. Fl. 315.
Herbaceous perennial ; damp spots. Aug., Sept.

2. Between Bures and Sudbury||. Two specimens
among Dr. Babington's duplicates, without signature. Label
is W. Jordan's writing : Aug. 1883.

4. 3VC. silvestris, Linn. Horsemint.

Bab. Man. 275. Hook. St. Fl. 315. H.&S.64. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Galp. 93.
Herbaceous perennial ; borders of fields in damp spots.

August, September.

1. Onehouse :— Bury, SirT.G. Cullum:— Tuddenham||,
Hb. Sk. : — Stowmarket, Sk. ms. : — ' In a bushy close near
Exning,' Ms. notes in J. Martyn's Methodus Plantarum.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Nayland, Gray : — Bures,
W.J.

3. Burgh Castle and by Browston Hall, Wigg : — Fritton
Broad, Paget: — Bungay, Stock d Ms. Davy: — Westhall, H.&S.

4. Eye, Hb. Cas. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Metfield,
Holmes.

265

5. Bentley || : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Hemingstone,.
T.B. :— Brantham, H. & S. :— Greeting, Sk. ms.

M. mollissima, Bock.
Hook. St. Fl. 315. Lond. Cat. 1104.C.

2. Near Bures, C.B. 5. Campsey Ash, Trimmer..

Earliest notice 1685. Jackson.

*5. M. piperita, Sm. Peppermint*

Bab. Man. 275. Hook. St. Fl. 316. H. &S.65. Hist. Bury.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; wet places ; rare. July, Aug.

1. Honington, Hb.Sk.: — Chalk Quarry behind the
Hospital, Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Harleston ||.

2. Ousden, Rev. F. Tearle.

5. The Gipping, Ipswich, Dr. Taylor : — Hemingstone,
T.B. :— Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

6- M. aquatica, Linn. M. hirsute, Linn., Fries.

Capitate Mint.

Bab. Man. 275. Hook. St. FL 316. H. & S. 65. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 93.
Herbaceous perennial ; by streams and river-banks.
Common in all the districts. July, August.

M. subglabra, Baker.
Hook. St. Fl. 316. Lond. Cat. HOS.b.

1. Bank of the Lark, Mildenhall : — Hardwick and
Bury, Hb. Wils.

3. Beccles. 4. Redgrave Fen || ; Mellis.

M. citrata, Ehrh.

Hook. St. Fl. 316. Lond. Cat. HOS.c.

1. Troston.

Earliest notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

7. M. pubescens, Willd. Downy Mint..

Bab. Man. 275 ?. Hook. SL Fl. 316.
Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places. July, August.

4. Redgrave Fen || ; Mellis ||.

M. hircina, Hull.

Hook. St. Fl. 316. Lond. Cat. 1107.b.

1. Lakenheath!!. 1886. Hind.

266

• 8. M. sativa, Linn. M.rivalis, Lond. Cat.

Whorled Mint.

Bab. Man. 275,6. Hook. St. PI. 317. H. k S. 65. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. Suff. W. Galp. 93.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places. July, August.

1.. Honington || ; Fakenham || ; Ixworth Thorpe : —
Pakenham Fen, Hbb. Cos. <& Sk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk.

2. Nayland ; Stoke and Long Melford.

3. Mettingham ; near Beccles, D. Turner.

4. Weybread Marshes, Galp.

5. Stutton : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Wherstead, Ha-
ward.

M. paludosa, Sole.

Hook. St. Fl. 317. Lond. Cat. 1109.b.

1. Fakenham and Honington || : — Hardwick, Hb. Wils.

M. subglabra, Baker.
Hook. St. Fl. 317. Lond. Cat. 1109.C.
1. Hardwick, Hb. Wils. :— Mildenhall ||.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3VL rubra, Sm. Red Mint.

Bab. Man. 275,6. Hook. St. Fl. 317. Lond. Cat. 1110.
Herbaceous perennial ; on moist banks, &c. July, Aug.
1. Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. 4. Wetheringsett ||, Hb. Peck.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

M. gentilis, Linn.

Bab. Man. 276. Hook. St. Fl. 317. Lond. Cat. 1113.
Herbaceous perennial ; in moist land. July, Aug.

1. Honington ||.

First notice 1875. Hind.

9. M. arvensis, Linn. Corn-mint.

Bab. Man. 276. Hook. St. Fl. 317. H. & S. 65. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Sufi. K. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on cultivated land.

Frequent in all the districts. July to September.

M. Nummularia, Schreb.

Hook. St. Fl. 317. Lond. Cat. HU.b.

1 . Troston 1 1 . 4. Eedgrave 1 1 .

267

. agrestis, Sole.

f Bab. Man. 276. Hook. St. Fl. 317. Lond. Cat. 1114.C.
4. Botesdale||. 5. Shrubland Park.

M. pracox, Sole.

Hook. St. Fl. 317. Lond. Cat. 1114.d.

1. Fakenbam 1 1 . 2. Long Melford.

M. Allionii, Bor.

Hook. St. Fl. 317,18. Lond. Cat. 1114.e.

1. Troston||.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

10. ]VT. Pulegium, Linn. Penny Royal.

Bab. Man. 276. Hook. St. Fl. 318. H. & S. 65. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in water or wet places.

August, September.

1. Fakenham Wood : — Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum.

2. Cockfield, C.B. 3. Belton, Wigg : — Bungay, Stock.

4. Parham Green; Benhall, on a green near the
Lodge. Crabbe :— Yoxford and Middleton, Ms. Davy.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

LyCOpUS, Linn.

1. Ij. europaeilS, Linn. Gipsy Wort.

Bab. Man. 276. Hook. St. Fl. 318. H. & S. 64. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suflf. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ditches.
Frequent in all the districts. July, August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Salvia, Linn.

1. S. "Verbenaca, Linn. English Sage, or Clary.

Bab. Man. 276,7. Hook. St. Fl. 321,2. H. & S. 64. Hist.
Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 94.

Herbaceous perennial ; dry gravelly pastures and banks.

May, June..

1 . Honington 1 1 ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Thurston ; Bisby ;
Haughley :— Tuddenham ; Icklingham & Eriswell ; Flemp-
ton, C.B. :— Badwell Ash, Hb. Dun. :— Barton, Hb. Elk. :—

268

Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Pakenham, Hbb. Cas. & Rk. :— Stowlang-
toft, Hb. Rk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Moulton, Miss
Bullender : — Coney Weston, E.F.L. : — Cavenham, W.J. : —
Woolpit, F. : — Fornham, Hb. Ly. : — Lit. Saxham, Rev.H*
I. Kilner.

2. Hitcham,#6. ff«?w.:— Clare, C.B.:—Wi^oQ,Hb.F.:
—Stoke, Gray :— Melford, J.F.W.

8. Pritton ; Gorleston ; Beccles and Mettingham : — -
Bungay, H. d- S. : — Flixton ; St. Margarets, G-alp.

4. Dunwich and Walberswick : — Eedgrave, C.B. : —
Eendham ; Marlesford, E.N.B. :— Framlingham, T.W.G.

5. Orford ; Landguard Port: — Bawdsey Perry, W.L.N.i
— Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Burstall, F*
Fox : — Needham Market, E. Clowes : — Bramford, Miller : —
Sprougliton, I. 8. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[3. S. pratensis, Linn. Meadow Clary*

Bab. Man. 277. Hook. St. Fl. 322. H. & S. 64. Top. Bou
Stiff. W. (casual.)

Herbaceous perennial ; in dry fields. We regard this
as a doubtful plant in Suffolk. If native at Pakenham, it
ought certainly to have had a place in Hb. Cas. ; and likely
in Hb. Rk. Specimens of S. Verbenaca, with larger flowers
than usual have been mistaken for it.

1. Pakenham, H. & S. 4. Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

5. Woodbridge, F. Spalding.]

[_S. verticillata, Linn. An alien ; was found on a bank
at Higham Railway Station in the Autumn of 1884 ; at
Long Melford Station 1888.]

Origanum, Linn.

1. O. vulgar e, Linn. Marjoram*

Bab. Man. 277. Hook. St. FL 318. H. & 8. 65. Top. Bot.
SuflE. W.

Fragrant herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks. Aug.

1. Beyton, Hb. Wils. :— Bury, Sir J. Cullum.

2. Wickhambrook || : — Kedington||, Hb.F.: — Rede,
Hb. Turn. :— Hitcham, Prof . Hens. : — Melford and Great
Cornard ? J.F. W.

4. Burgate, Collins.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — Barking, Hb. Jeffes.
Earliest record 1781. Sir J. Cullum.

Thy m us, Linn.

"1. T. Serpyllum, Linn. Common Thyme.

Bab. Man. 277. Hook. St. Fl. 319. H. & S. 65.- G alp. 94.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Prostrate herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks and
heaths. June to August.

1. Mildenhall ; Eriswell || ; Elveden ; Risby ; Thet-
ford : — Lackford, Hb. Ly.

3. Flixton, Q-alp. 5. Bramford, Miller?

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. T. Cliamaedrys, Fries. Mountain Thyme.

Bab. Man. 278. Hook. St. Fl. 319.

Small herbaceous perennial ; on chalky or gravelly
banks. June to August.

In all the districts.

Earliest record under T. Serpyllum 1773. Included
in T. Serpyllum,.

Calamintha, Mosnch.

1. C. Nepeta, Clairv. Lesser Calamint.
Bab. Man. 278. Hook. St. Fl. 320. H.&S. 65. Hist. Bury.

Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks ; rare. July, Aug.

1. Bury, Sir J. Cullum: — 'Hedge on the right just
below the Kennet Bell, Suffolk,' Sir T. G. Cullum :—' Be-
tween Worlingham and Herrings well,' Sir C.J.F.B. : — Dai-
ham, E. Sk.

No locality known for E. Suff. (Oby. G. Cooper in
Hist. Yarm. is in Norfolk.)

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. C. officinalis, Mcench ? C. menthifolia, Host.

Common Calamint.

Bab. Man. 278. Hook. St. Fl. 320. H. & S. 65. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 94. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry banks. More widely
distributed in Suffolk than in most counties. July to Sep.

1. Fakenham || ; Honington ; Bardwell ; Kentford ;

270

Mildenhall :— Kennet, C.B. :— Bury, Hb. 8k. :— Barton, Hb*
Blk. : — Hawstead, Hb. Wils. : — Barningham and Hopton,
E.F.L. : — Drinkstone, J. Easor.

2. Bures to Stoke, C.B.: — Hitcham, Prof. Hens.: —
Wixoe, Hb. F. :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Kersey, E.F.L. : —
Semer, H. d S. :— Melford, C.B.

3. Mettingham ; Fritton ; Gorton ; Benacre : — Gor-
leston, Paget: — Bungay, Stock: — Oulton, McAub. : — Homers-
field, Galp. : — Beccles and Worlingham, E. E. Leach.

4. Westleton : — Lt. Glemham, Brandeston and Frams-
den, E.N.B. :— Framlingham,CraMe:— Peasenhall, T.W.G.:
— Mendham and Metfield, H.B.C. :— Wortham Green, C.J.
Aslifield.

5. Woolverstone ; Shelley and Shrubland : — Ashbock-
ing, F.C.S.: — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Falkenham, Haward :
— Brantham, C.B.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. C- Acinos, Clairv. C. arvensis, Lam. Basil Thyme.

Bab. Man. 279. Hook. St. Fl. 321. H. & S. 65. Hist. Bury.
Galp. 127. Top. Bot. Suff. E and W.

Annual ; on dry, sandy, or chalky soil. July, Aug.

1. Brandon || ; Barnham || ; Thetford ; Euston ; Fa-
kenham ; Troston ; Bury ; Eisby ; Wordwell ; Barton Mills ;
Wangford ; Haughley : — Cavenham, Hb. Sk. : — Icklingham,
Hb. Blk. :— Mildenhall, Hb. Dun. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. :
— Culford Heath, Gray : — Thurston and Tuddenham, E.SJe. :
— Fornham, Hb. Ly.

2. Railway Cutting, Melford, J.F.W.& C.B.

3. Fritton': — Bungay, Stock: — Lowestoft, H. G. Glass-
pooleinHb. Geld.

4. -Redgrave || :— Friston, E.N.B.

5. Sudbourne, E.N.B. :— Aldeburgh and Orford,
H. & S. : — Lit. Blakenham, Haivard.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6. C. Clinop odium, Benth. Wild Basil.

Bab. Man. 279. Hook. St. Fl. 320. H. &. S. 65. Hist. Wher.
Galp. 94. Top. Bot. Suff. K. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and on hedge-banks.

July, August.

1. Honington || ; Fakenham ; Bardwell ; Ixworth ;
Livermere ; Risby ; Westley Wood ; Market Weston ;

271

Haughley :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb. 8k. :— Hard-
wick and Nowton, Hb. Wils. : — Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : —
Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. : — Barningham, Gray.

2. Bildeston ; Wickhambrook : — Melford and Cock-
field, O.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens :— Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Beccles, W. M. Crowfoot : — Bradwell, J. Priest in
Hb. Geld.

4. Botesdale and Mellis : — Wortliam Green, <?. J.
Ashfteld : — Sternfield and Framlingliam, E.N.B. : — Mend-
ham Priory Plantations, Galp.

5. Otley, E.N.B. :— Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Ashbock-
ing, F.C.8.\ — Needham Market, E.Cloives: — C lay don : — :
Wlierstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Scutellaria, Linn.

1. S. galericulata, Linn. Common Skullcap.

Bab. Man. 279. Hook. St. Fl. 324. H. & S. 66. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. But. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 95.

Herbaceous perennial ; on the banks of streams and
ditches. July, August.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. S. minor, Linn. Lesser Skullcap.

Bab. Man. 279. Hook. St. Fl. 324. H. & S. 66. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Small herbaceous perennial ; on moist heaths.

July to September.

1. Tuddenham, Dr. BromJiM & Hb. Wils.
4. Friston, Hele.
Earliest notice 1833. Hb. Wilson.

Prunella, Linn.

1. P. vulgaris, Linn. Brunella vulf/aris, Linn.

Common Self-heal.

Bab. Man. 280. Hook. St. Fl. 323. H. & S. 66. Hist. Wher.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. K. and W. Galp. 95.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp pastures. July, Aug.
Common in all the districts.

Several specimens of a neat dwarf form from Tuddenham
appear in Hb. Wils.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

272

Nepeta, Linn.

1 N. Cataria, Linn. Oat-mint.

Bab. Man. 280. Hook. St. Fl. 322. H. & 8. 66. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 95.

Perennial herb ; on banks and waste places.

July, August.

1 . Honington 1 1 ; Fakenham ; Sapiston ; Ixworth ;
Market Weston ; Troston ; Langham ; between Kentford and
Higliain ; West Row ; Mildenhall ; Lakenheath ; Culford
Heath :— Bardwell, Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb. Wils.:— Barton ;
between Worlington and Kennet, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Barning-
ham, Gray : — Stowlangtoft, Ek. : — Tuddenham, W.J.

2. Gt. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Stanstead, Hb. Ly.

3. Herringfleet, Hb. Dun. :— Flixton, H.B.C. :— Bun-
gay, Ms. Davy. — Covehithe Ruins, E. 8k. : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Easton and Glemham, Crabbe : — Brandeston and
Friston, E.N.B. :— Thorpe, Sk.ms. :— Wortham, Collins.

5. Hemingstone, T. B. : — Sudbourne, E.N.B. : — Wher-
stead, Raward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. N. Grleclionia, Benth. . Ground Ivy.

Bab. Man. 280. Hook. St. FJ. 323. H. & S. 66. Hist.Wher.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 95.

Creeping herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedges.
Frequent in all the districts. April to June.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Lamium, Linn.

1. L. amplexicaule, Linn. Henbit.

Bab. Man. 280,1. Hook. St. Fl. 329. H. & S. 67. Hist. Wher.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual weed ; on cultivated ground. May to Aug.

Frequent in all the districts ; especially on light soil.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. L. incisum, Willd. L. hybridum, Vill.

Cut Dead Nettle.

Bab. Man. 281. Hook. St. Fl. 329. H. & S. 67. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 96.

Annual weed ; on waste and cultivated ground.

April to June.

273

1. Honington || ; Ingham : — ' In great plenty at Hun-
nington, Suffolk ; also in a field of tares at Pakenham,'
Eev. G. E. Leathes, With. : — Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Hardwick,
Hb. Wils. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun. :
— Gt. Welnetham, E. 8. Marshall.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Keding-
ton, Hb. F. :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. 'In corn-fields near Bungay, frequent,' Woodward;
— Gorleston, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. ' Frequent about Saxmundham,' Sir J. E. Smith r
— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Weybread, H.B.C. :— between
Eye and Hoxne, and at Hoxne, E. S. Marshall : — Sizewell.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Needham Market, Hb. Jeffes.
Earliest notice 1802. Wigg.

4. L. purpnreTim, Linn. Eed Dead Nettle.

Bab. Man. '281. Hook. St. Fl. 329. H. & S. 67. Hist. Wher.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 96.

Annual weed ; on waste and cultivated ground.
Common in all the districts. April to August.

L. decipiens, Sonder.

Bab. Man. 281. Hook. St. Fl. 329.

1. Pakenham, Hb.Cas.: — Stowlangtoft, Hbb.Blk.S-
Pik. : — Walsham, Hb. Dun : — Barningham ||, E.F.L.

2. Kersey, E.F.L. 4. Withersdale, Galp.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5. L. album, Linn. White Dead Nettle..

Bab. Man. 281. Hook. St. Fl. 329. H. &S.67. Hist. W her.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 96.

Herbaceous perennial weed ; in woods and by hedges.
Frequent in all the districts. May, June.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[L. maCTllafrlim, Linn. Spotted Dead Nettle.

Bab. Man. 281. Hook. St. Fl. 329,30.

Herbaceous perennial ; usually a garden escape.

June to August.

1, Honington || : — Euston, Hb. FitzE. : — Walsham,
Hb. Dun. 2. Stuston.

L. laviyatum, Linn.

Bab. Man. 281. Hook. St. Fl. 329.

274
1. Pakenham Fen, Hb. Ek. 1840. Rev. S. Rickards.]

6. L. Graleobdolon, Crantz. Yellow Archangel,

Weaselsnout.

Bab. Man. 281,2. Hook. St. PL 330. H. & S. 67. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 96.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and shady ditches.

May, June.

1. Thurston ; Hinderclay ; Mildenhall : — Bury, Hb.
Wils. : — Langham, Hb. Blk. : — Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : — Stow-
langtoft, Hb. Rk. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun. : — Hardwick, H.& S.:
— Felsham Wood, 8k. ms. : — Bradfield, Ms. Davy.

2. Nayland || ; Stoke; Polstead; Somerton: — Wiston,
'G.B. : — Hitcham, Sb. Hens. :— Cockfield, W.J. :— by Had-
leigh Brick-kiln, F. Spalding : — Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Barsham, W. M. Crowfoot: — Bungay, Stock : — Ho-
mersfield, H.B.O.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Burgate Wood :— Red-
grave, Rev. W. H. Sewell : — Cookley and Sibton, Holland ; —
Westleton Decoy, F. Spalding : — Yoxford, Ms. Davy : — Leis-
ton, Mrs. Toller.

5. Gt. Bealings, Hasketon Toll-gate, Moor : — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. :— Gosbeck, F. Fox :— Ashbocking, F.C.S. :—
Needham Market, E. Clowes : — Barking Wood, Hb. Jeffes : —
Wherstead, Haward: — Dodnash Wood, I.S. Soc. : — Wood-
bridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1773. ' A curious and elegant variety
of this plant, " Corolla, velftore terminally plana, sexiida^ in
a lane near the Grove at Hardwick, a mile-and-a-half from
Bury ; first observed by Sir John Cullum in 1774, and
several times since by myself,' Sir T. G. Cullum.
First notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Leon ur us, Linn.

1. Ti. Cardiaca, Linn. Motherwort.

Bab. Man. 282. Hook. St. Fl. 328. H. & S. 67. Hist. Bury.
Hist. Yavm.

Tall herbaceous perennial ; in hedges and waste places.

August.

1. Bury, SirJ. Cullum : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Stow-
langtoft, Hb. Rk.

275

8. About Bungay, Woodward : — North Cove, F. Turner t
— Belton, Wigq.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Galeopsis, Linn.

1. GK dubia, Leers. Cream-coloured Hemp Nettle.
Bab. Man. 282. Hook. St. Fl. 327.

Annual plant ; in sandy corn-fields ; rare. July, Aug.
3. St. Olaves, Phyt. 1862.

2. Q. Ladanum, Linn. Red Hemp Nettle.

Bab. Man. 282. Hook. St. Fl. 327. H. & S. 67. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual plant ; in gravelly and sandy soils. Aug., Sep.

1 . Haughley ; Mildenhall -.—Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Wals-
ham, Hb. Dun. : — Bury, Sir J. Cullum : — Culford Heath,
Gray : — Hardwick ; Pakenham and Eougham, H. & S.

2. Cockfield and Gt. Waldingfield, C.B. :— Hitcham,
Hb. Hens. :— Kede, Hb.Turn. :— Lit. Thurlow ||, Hb. F. :—
Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Burgate, C. J. AshfieU :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Sutton, Sir J. Cullum : — Aldeburgh, Moor : — Grun-
disburgh, T.H. : — Wlierstead, Haward.

c. G. canescens, Schultz. G. angustifolia , Ehrh.

2. Hitcham 1 1 , Hb. Hens. 5. Wherstead, Haward.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. Gr. Tetrah.it, Linn. Common Hemp Nettle.

Bab. Man. 282,3. Hook. St. Fl. 327. H. & S. 67. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Annual weed ; in thickets and cultivated fields.
Common in all the districts. July to September.

b. G. biftda, Bonn.

Bab. Man. 283. Hook. St. FL 327.

1. HoningtonJ) ; Sapiston ; WestleyWood ; Milden-
hall 1 1 :— Woolpit, J. Easor.

2. Long Melford.

4. Botesdale : — Badingham, T. W.G. : — Mendham,(M^..
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

276

4. Gr. versicolor, Curt. G. spedosa, Mill.

Large-flowered Hemp Nettle.

Bab. Man. 283. Hook. St. Fl. 327. H. & S. 67. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Hot. Stiff. E. Galp. 96.

Annual weed ; in cultivated fields. July* August.

1. Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. :— Bradfield, Rev. P. Lattibury*

2. Cockfield,C.B. :— Brettenham, Hb. 8k. :— Sudbury>
J.S.H.

3. Beccles, F. Turner : — Bradwell & Gorleston, Paget :
— Bungay, Stock : — Sotterley, H. & S. : — Barnby, E. Sk.

4. Blythburgh and Leiston, Or abbe : — Eye, Hb. Jefes :
— Huntingfield, Holland : — Framlingham, Crabbe.

Earliest notice 1798. Kev. G. Crabbe.

Stachys, Linn.

1. S- Betonica, Benth. Betony*

Bab. Man. 283. Hook. St. Fl. 326. H. & S. 66. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W. Galp. 95.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and moist heaths.

July, August.

1. On hillocks in Market Weston Fen || ; Fakenham,
Wood ; Sapiston Grove ; Livermere and Ickworth Park : —
Kushbrooke, Hb. Sk. : — Stanton, Hb. Dim. : — -Dalhani, Rev*
F. Tearle '. — Gedding, J. Rasor : — Bradfield, Rev. P. Lathbury :
— Rougham ; Barrow and Lackford, H. & S. : — Beyton, Hb.
Wils. : — Felsham, Sk. ms.

2. Wiston and Polstead :— Melford Wood and Gt.
Waldingfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb.Hens. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Oulton, McAub.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe & E.N.B.:— Syleham, H.B.C.:
— Wortham, Collins.

5. Wherstead, Haward : — Bosmere, Hb. Jeffes : — Bent-
ley, I. S. Soc.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. S. silvatica, Linn. Hedge Woundwort*

Bab. Man. 283. Hook. St. Fl. 325. H. & S. 66. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. B. and \V. Galp. 95.
Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedges.
Common in all the districts. July, August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

277

4. S. pallistris, Linn. Marsh Woundwort.
Bab. Man. 284. Hook. St. Fl. 325,6. H. & S. 66. Hist.

Fram. Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W
-Galp. 95.

Herbaceous perennial ; on river banks and moist places.

Common in all the districts. July, August.

b. S. ambigua, Sm.

Bab. Man. 284. Hook. St. Fl. 326.

1. Sapiston || ; Lakenheath. 3. Belton ||, 1882.

A form intermediate between S. palustris and 8. ambigua,
having a flexuous stem, ovato-lanceolate, sessile leaves, flowers
larger than in the type, not unfrequently is found. — Sp. from
Bury in Hb. Wils.

Earliest record 1640. Parkinson.

5. S. arvensis, Linn. Field Woundivort.

Bab. Man. 284. Hook. St. Fl. 326. H. & S. 66. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Galp. 95. Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W.

Annual weed ; in corn-fields. July, August.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Ballota, Linn.

1. 33. foetida, Lam. B. nigra, Linn. Black Horehound.

Bab. Man. 284. Hook. St. Fl. 330. H. &S. 67. Hist. Wher.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 96.

Herbaceous perennial ; in hedges and waste places.
Frequent in all the districts. July, August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Marrubium, Linn.

1. ]VT. VTllgare, Linn. White Horehound.

Bab. Man. 284. Hook. St. Fl. 325. H.&S.66. Hist. Yarm?
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 95.

Herbaceous perennial ; borders of sandy fields.

August, September.

1. Fakenham || ; Cavenham ; Brandon : — Barnham,
Hb. F. :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb. Wils. :— Paken-
ham, Hb. Gas. : — on turf-bank, Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. : — Ris-
by, W. J. : — Culford, H. & S. : — two localities near Ickling-
ham ; Lakenheath ; West Stow, Sk. ms.

278

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Long Melford, J.F.W. : —
Semer, H. & S.

4. Framlingham, T.W.G. : — Site of St. Nicholas,
South Elmham (E.A.H.), extinct, Galp.

5. Ipswich, T.W.G.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Teucrium, Linn.

1. T. Scorodonia, Linn. Wood-Sage.

Bab. Man. 285. Hook. St. Fl. 331. H. & S. 67. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Galp. 96. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Hist. Wher.

Shrubby herbaceous perennial ; in woods. July, Aug.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir-J. Cullum.

2. T. ScordiunQ, Linn. Water Germander.
Bab.Man.285. Hook. St. F1.331. H.&S. 68. Top. Bot. Suff. W.
Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places; rare. Aug., Sep.
1. Lakenheath, H. & 8. The original authority for

this plant in Suffolk is unknown, and its claim to a place in
its Flora is questionable.

Earliest notice 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

Ajuga, Linn.

1. A. reptans, Linn. Common Bugle.

Bab. Man. 285. Hook. St. Fl. 332. H.&S. 68. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 96.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist woods and pastures.
Common in all the districts. May, June.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

VERBENACEXE. 1

Verbena, Linn.

1. V. officinalis, Linn. Common Vervain.

Bab. Man. 286. Hook. St. Fl. 313. H. & S. 68. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 93.

Herbaceous perennial ; on waste ground and waysides.

July, August..

279

1. Honington||; Fakenham; Ixworth Thorpe; Bisby;
'Thetford ; Barton Mills ; Lakenheath : — Bury, Hbb. 8k. &

Wils. : — Pakenham, H b. Gas. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :—
Walskam, Hb. Dun. :— Barton and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.:
— Barningliam, E.F.L. •. — Tuddenham, E. Sk. : — Fornliam
All Saints, Hb. Ly.

2. Bildeston ; Stoke-by-Clare ; Wiston :— Melford,
Lawshall and Cockfield, G.B. : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : —
Lit. Thurlow, Hb.F. :— Bede, Hb. Turn. :— Kersey, Gray :
— Road to Whatfield, Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Fritton :— Flixton, H.B.C. :— Lowestoft, E. Sk. :—
Oulton, McAub.

4. Dunwich : — Gt. Glemliam, E.N.B. : — Laxfield,
T.W.G. :— Palgrave, Collins.

5. Stutton ; Walton ; Clay don and Needliam Market :
— Gt. Bealings, Moor: — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Ashbocking,
'F.C.S. :— Hemingstone, T.B. :— Coddenham, F. Fox: —
Felixstowe, II. M.S. : — Wherstead, Haicard: — Letheringham
and Belstead, 1. 8. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

LENTIBULARIACE>E.

Pinguicula, Linn.

1. P. vulgaris, Linn. Common Butterwort.

Bab. Man. 287. Hook. St. Fl. 811. H. & S. 55. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Buff. W.

Small herbaceous perennial ; with handsome flowers,
in bogs and fens. May, June.

1. Market Weston || ; Coney Weston ; Hopton ; Thel-
netham ; Hinderclay : — Lackford Bridge, Dill. Ray in Hort.
Ox.:— Pakenham Fen, H b. Gas. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb.Rk.:
—Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. :— Tuddenham, H b. Wils. :— Lang-
ham, Miss Wilson.

4. Bedgrave Fen, Hb. Dun.

1 P. lusitanlca & P. vulyaris both together in the bogs
near Lackford Bridge, 7 miles from Bury, Sir Jno. Cullum,'
Note in Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox. This is the only reference to
P. lusitanica in Suffolk. It is likely that a great change took
place in Lackford Bog or Fen by converting the Lark into a
canal, by which various plants became extinct.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J, Cullum.

280

Utricularia, Linn.

1. TJ. VUlgaris, Linn. Greater Bladderwort.

Bab. Man. 287. Hook. St. Fl. 312. H. <k S. 55. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 93.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; in fen pools and ditches.

June to August.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Hopton ; Coney Weston ; Thel-
netham; Santon Downham; Lakenheath: — Lackford Bridge,
Hbb. Blk. & Ek.,& Dill. Eay in Hort. Ox. — Pakenham Fen,
Hb. Cas. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :— Market Weston, Gray :
— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Benacre ; Beccles ; Worlingham ; Carlton Colville :
— Oulton Dam and Belton, Sk. ms. : — Bungay Common and
Stow Fen, F. Spalding.

4. Bedgrave Fen||: — Wenhaston, W.J. : — Leiston,
Hele. : — Mendham, Galp.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. TJ. neglecta, Lehm. Neglected Bladderwort.-

Bab. Man. 287. Hook. St. Fl. 312.
Showy herbaceous perennial ; in fen ditches.

July, August.

1. Lakenheath. 3. Kessingland || ; Belton ||._

First notice 1884. Hind.

4- U. minor, Linn. Smaller Bladderwort.

Bab. Man. 288. Hook. St. F1.312. H. & S. 55. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small perennial ; floating in ditches or fen pools.

June to August.

1. Thelnetham Fen|| :— Lackford Bog, Hbb. Blk.&Ek.,
and Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox. : — ' In bogs between Cavenham
and Icklingham, and between Cavenham and Tuddenham,'
SirT. G. Cullum:— Brandon, H. & S. : — Tuddenham, Hb. 8k.

2. Cockfield, O.B.

3. Bogs at Lound and on Gorleston Common, Wigg :
• — Old turf- pits at Herringfleet, I). Turner : — Belton, Paget:
— St. Olaves Bridge, Trimmer.

4. Eedgrave Fen, 0. J. Aslifield.
Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

281

PRIMULACE/E.

Hottonia, Linn.

1. H. palustris, Linn. Water Violet.

Bab. Man. 289. Hook. St. Fl. 266. H. & S. 53. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 85.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in ditches. May, June.

1. Sapiston || ; Ixworth Thorpe || ; Ixworth ; Bard-
well ; Fakenham ; Lakenheath ; Harleston : — Pakenham,
HI. Gas. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Tuddenham, 0. Base
in Hb. Wils. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun. :— Mildenhall, Sir O.J.
F.B. : — Market Weston Fen, Gray : — Woolpit and Shelland
Green, F. : — Onehouse, J. Piasor : — Bradfield Combust,
Mrs. Carss: — Lackford, Hb. Ly.

2. Nayland :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Sudbury, J.S.H. :—
Melford, J.F. W.

3. St. Olaves ; Fritton ; Lowestoft ; Kessingland : —
Bungay, Stock: — Belton, Phyt. 1863,3 : — Somerleyton and
Benacre, Sk. ms. : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Eedgrave; Burgate; Mellis Green: — Framlingham,
Crabbe : — Farnham and Knodisliall, E.N.B. : — Hazlewood,
Hele : — Huntingfield, Holland.

5. Baylham, H b. F. :— Barking, T.B. :— Ipswich,
W.L.N. :— Bergholt, Dr. White :— Bramford, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Primula, Linn.

1. P. VTllgaris, Huds. Common Primrose.

Bab. Man. 290. Hook. St. Fl. 261. H. «k S. 53. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. guff. E. and W. Galp. 85.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; in woods & hedge-banks.
Common in all the districts. March to May.

b. P. variabilis, Goup. P. caulescens, Bab.
Bab. Man. 290. Galp. 85.

1. Fakenham Wood || ; Honington ; Sapiston : — Stow-
langtoft, Hb.Rk.

2. Lit. Thurlow, Hb.F.

3. Hobland; Bradwell, Paget.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe (named by him P. elatior) : —
Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

282

5. Aldeburgh, Hele.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2- P. veris, Linn. Cowslip. Paigle.

Bab. Man. 290. Hook. St. Fl. 261. H. & S. 53. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp 85.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pastures, occasionally in
woods. April, May.

Frequent in all the districts ; apparently absent from
the Breck country, but found at Mildenhall. A plant with
compound stem and globose head, sent to C.B. from Ash-
bocking by the Eev. M. B. Cowell.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. P. elatior, Jacq. Oxlip..

Bab. Man. 290. Hook. St. Fl. 261. H. & S. 53. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. SufE. W. J. Ray.

Showy herbaceous perennial ; in woods, rarely in mea-
dows. April, May.

Apparently absent from the N.E. part of Suffolk.
P. elatior of Hist Fram. and Hist. Yarm., is undoubtedly
P. variabilis, Goup., which is only an exuberant state of
P. vulgaris. It is also absent from the Breck country, and
the fens in the N.W. of the county. Its most Northerly
station is Bungay, where it seems to be rare. Fakenham
Wood is the next most Northern locality, where it is toler-
ably abundant, and where occasionally hybrids with P. vul-
garis and P. veris occur. Further information as to its.
occurrence in N.E. is desired. It occurs in Norfolk, Galp. 85.

1. Fakenham Wood || ; Sapiston ; Troston ; Ixworth
Thorpe :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Nowton, Hb. Wils. :— Paken-
ham, Hb. Cas. : — Walsham, Hb. Dun. : — Timworth Wood,
Gray : — Finborough, Sir J. E. Smith : — Hawstead, H. & S. :
— Fornham, E. Sk. : — Clayey pastures in Suffolk, M.M.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Lit. Tlmr-
low, Hb.-F. :— Eede, Hb. Turn. :— Stansfield and Lidgate,
Eev. F. Tearle :— Melford, J.F.W. :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Bungay, Stock.

4. Burgate Wood : — Dennington, Hele.

5. Woolverstone : — Aldeburgh, Hele : — Gt. Bealings,
Moor : — Ashbocking, F.C.S.: — Hemingstone, T.B.

E.N.B. entertains doubts in reference to nearly all the

283

East Suffolk localities, believing P. variabilis to have been
the form seen.

Earliest record 1690. Ray.'

[P.farinosa, Linn., given in R.&S., can only be a
mistake.]

Cyclamen, Linn.

1. C. tLederifolinm, Willd. Ivy-leaved Sowbread.
Bab. Man. 291. Hook. St. Fl. 262. Sowerby Eng. Bot. t.548.
Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. August.
We owe to the Rev. W. Holland, of Huntingfield, the

knowledge that this plant still survives in Suffolk, as evi-
denced by a living specimen obligingly sent. The Jig. in
Eng. Bot. is from a Suffolk original supplied by Mr. Davy.

3. Henham Park, Wm. Hay in Hist. Southwold.

4. ' On a steep bank in the parish of Bramfield, Suf-
folk,' Ms. Davy. — 'Mr. Woodward assures me that it has
lately been found wild in Suffolk,' With. : — 'Woods ! Suffolk,'
W. E. Hayivard :— Abbey Wood, Sibton ||, Holland.

Earliest record 1799. Davy.

Lysimachia, Linn.

2. T i. Vlllgaris, Linn. Common Loosestrife.

Bab. Man. 291. Hook. St. Fl. 263. H. & S. 54. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 85.

Herbaceous perennial ; wet ground, usually near rivers.

July.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Ixworth ; Knettishall ; Tud-
•denham; Lakenheath : — Bardwell, Hb.Blk.: — Mildenhall,
Hb. Dun. : — Icklingham, J. Gedge : — Tostock, Hb. Ly.

2. Bank of Stour, Nayland : — Stour bank, Gt. Brad-
ley, Hb.F.

3. Oulton, Hb. Sk. :— Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen: — Bun-
gay, Stock :— St. Olaves, Phyt. 1862 :— Somerleyton, H.&S. :
— Beccles at Roos Hall ; Marshes and on Railway-bank
between Beccles and Lowestoft ; Barnsby Broad, E. E. Leach.

4. Redgrave Fen, C. J. Ashfield :— Weybread, H.B.C.

5. Woodbridge, H.M.S. :— Bergholt, Dr. White :— the
Gipping, near Ipswich, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

284

3. L. Nummularia, Linn. Moneywort..

Bab. Man. 292. Hook. St. Fl. 263. H.&S.54. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 85.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet pastures. June, July.

1. Sapiston || ; Honington ; Fakenham ; Knettisball ;
Bardwell ; Ixworth ; Hinderclay : — Beyton, Hb. Wils. : —
Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb.Ek. : — Walsham,
Hb. Dun. : — Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — Mildenhall, Sir
C.J.F.B. :— Eattlesden and Bury, H. £ S. :— West Stow &
Felsbam, Sk. ms.

2. Wickhambrook ; Melford ; Acton and Wiston : —
Cockfield, C.B. : — Hitcbam, Hb.Hens. : — Sudbury, J.S.H. :
—Lit. Tburlow || , Hb. F. :— Rede, Hb. Turn. :— Depden,
Moor: — Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Bungay ; Beccles : — Oulton, Mrs. McAub.

4. Mellis ; Eye ; Cookley : — Gt. Glembam and Rend-
ham, E.N.B. : — Framlingbam, Crabbe : — Mendbam ; Wey-
bread, Galp.

5. Woolverstone: — Gt. Bealings, Moor-. — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. : — Melton, F. Spalding : — Asbbocking, F.C.S. :
— Gosbeck, T. B. :— Bramford, I.S. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. Jj. nemoram, Linn. Wood Loosestrife.
Bab. Man. 292. Hook. St. Fl. 263. H.&S. 54. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Wher. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 85.
Prostrate berbaceous perennial ; in woods. June, July.
Apparently not found in tbe Breck country.

1. Hinderclay ; Sbelland || :— Woolpit Road, Hb. Cas.:
—Bury, Sir J. Cullum : — Clopton Hall, Mrs. Parker :— Fels-
ham Wood, W.J. : — Haugbley and Rusbbrooke, H. & S.

2. Wiston 1 1 ; Polstead :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcbam,
Hb. Hens. : — Oakwood at Hadleigb, F. Spalding : — Naugb-
ton, H. & S.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Bungay, Stock. : — Flixton,
H.B.C. :— Oulton, McAub. :— Fritton, H. & S. :— Reydon,
Hist, Southicold.

4. Burgate Wood : — Gt. Glembam, E.N.B. : — Fram-
lingbam, Crabbe: — near Weybread, H.B.C.

5. Woolverstone : — Sudbourne, Hele : — Freston, W.L.N-.
— Gosbeck, T.B. :— Sutton, F. Spalding :— Wberstead, Ha-
ward : — Gosbeck Wood, L S. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

285

Glaux, Linn.

1. Gr. maritima, Linn. Sea MiUcwort.

Bab. Man. 292. Hook. St. Fl. 264. H. & S. 54. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; sea- shore ; usually on turf ex-
posed to the salt spray, or occasionally submerged.

June to August.

3. Lowestoft ; Gorleston ; Burgh Castle ; Benacre : —
Southwold, Hb.Dun. :— Breydon Broad, Phyt. 1862.

4. Dunwich : — Snape and Sizewell, E.N.B.

5. Stutton||; Catawade 1 1 ; Chelmondiston ; Felix-
stowe ; Aldeburgh : — Button, Sir J. Outturn : — Orwell, jps.
Fl. : — Wherstead, Haward : — Melton, IU). Ly.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Anagallis, Linn.

1. A. arvensis, Linn. Scarlet Pimpernel*

Bab. Man. 292. Hook. St. Fl. 265. H. & S. 54. Hisc. Fram,
HUt. Yarm. Hist, \Vher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 86.
Small annual ; in corn-fields and cultivated ground.
Frequent in all the districts. June, July.

A. carnea, Schrank.

Bab. Man. 292.

1. Near Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum.

5. In a fallow at Claydon ||. -

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

A. cserillea, Sm. Blue Pimpernel..

Bab. Man. 292. ' Hook. St. Fl. 265. H. £ S. 54. Hist. Bury.
Galp. 86.

Annual. There are two forms of this — the more com-
mon, (a) compact in habit, ascending, flowers and leaves
rather smaller than those of A. arvensis', (b) prostrate in
habit, branches straggling, 1 to 2 feet in length, leaves and
flowers much larger than in A. arvensis. June, July.

1. Honington ||, (a) and (b), the latter a casual : — near
Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum :— Woolpit 1 1 , Hb. F. :— Gt. Saxham,
Sir J. E. Smith : — Lit. Welnetham, Mrs. Carss : — Exning,.
Sk. ms. : — Santon Downham, Noryate.

2. Long Melford, C.B.

/

286

3. Bungay, Stock : — St. Margarets, Holmes.

4. Mendlesham, Moor: — Westleton, F. Spalding : —
Middleton, Ms. Davy.

5. Aldeburgh, Hele : — Barliam, Trimmer : — Melton
•and Shelley, F. Spalding : — Wherstead, Ha ward.

Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

2. A. tenella, Linn. Bog Pimpernel*

Bab. Man. 292,3. Hook. St. Fl. 265. H. & S. 54. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff . E. and VV.

Herbaceous perennial ; in spongy bogs and turf.
Occurs in all the districts. June, July.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Centunculus, Linn.

1. C. miniirLllS, Linn. Bastard Pimpernel. Chaffweed*

Bab. Man. 293, Hook. St. Fl. 265. H. & S. 54. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W?

Tiny annual ; in sandy, gravelly, or peaty soil.

June, July.

1. Wangford, Hb. Cas. and G. C. Druce.
3. East Heath, near Oulton, Wigg: — Lowestoft, Hb.Sk.i
— Oulton Broad, Paget : — Belton and Herringfleet, H. <& S.
Earliest record 1805. Wigg.

Samolus, Linn-.

1. S. Valerandi, Linn. Common Brookweed*

Bab. Man. 293. Hook. St. Fl. 266. H. & S. 54. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Bury. Tup. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 86.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fens and watery places.

July, August.

1 . Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Market Weston ; Lakenheath :
— Mildenhall Fen, Hb. Cas. : — Pakenham Fen, Hb. Rk. : —
Tuddenham Bog, Hb. Wils. : — Cavenham Severals, Sk.ms.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Bungay, Stock : — North Cove;
St. Margarets, Holmes : — Burgh Castle, Phyt. 1862 : — Ben-

'acre, Sk. ms. : — Oulton, McAub. : — Beccles : — Lake Lothing,
C.B. :— Southwold, J.H.G.

4. Dunwich : — Aldringham, Hb. Cas. : — KedgraveFen,
Hb. Dun. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Gt. Glemham, Snape
and Benhall, E.N.B. :— Weybread, H.B.C. :— Middleton,
Ms. Davy.

287

5. Ipswich, W.L.N. : — Bawdsey : — Falkenham, Ha-
ward : — Orford.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

PLUMBAGINACE/E.

Statice, Linn.

1. S. LimoniTim, Linn. Sea Lavender.
Bab. Man. 293,4. Hook. St. Fl. 259. H.&S.68. Hist. Wher.

Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in salt marshes. July to S.ep.

3. Southwold, Hbb. Dun. & Ek.

4. Walberswick -.—Thorpe, Hele :— Blythburgh, F.
Spalding.

5. Chelmondiston 1 1 ; Stutton 1 1 ; Wherstead : — Felix-
stowe, Hb. Cas. :— Ipswich, Hb. Blk. :— Orford, E.N.B. :—
Aldeburgh, Moor : — Catawade, E.F.L. : — Woodbridge, Hb.
Ly. : — Button, F. Spalding.

S. pyramidalis, Syme. S. Behen, Drejer.

Hook. St. Fl. 259.

8. Southwold, Trimmer. 4. Walberswick, Trimmer .
5. Woolverstone, H.M.S.: — Freston, Miss Coivell.
Earliest notice 1807. Woodward.

2. S. balmsiensis, Fries. , 8. rariflora, Drej.

Distant flowered Sea Lavender.

Bab. Man. 294. Hook. St. Fl. 259. H. & S. 68. Top. Bot. Suff. E,
Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous perennial ; in salt marshes. July, Aug.

4. Walberswick.

5. Chelmondiston 1 1 ; Stutton 1 1 : — Wherstead, Haward :
—Hog Island, Phyt.

Earliest notice 1807. Woodward.

(S. Caspia, Willd., has been given for Suffolk by three
of our best authorities, but without a locality. Our inquiries
on the subject lead to the conclusion that it has been erro-
neously given.)

Armenia, Willd.
1. A. maritima, Willd. Thrift.

288

Bab. Man. 295. Hook. St. Fl. 258. H. & S. 68. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous perennial ; on muddy sea -shores.

April to September.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Southwold, Woodward.

4. Walberswick.

5. Catawade||; Aldeburgh : — Landguard Fort, Hb.
J3lk. : — Felixstowe, W. J. : — Bawdsey Ferry, Sir J. Cullum:
— Wherstead, W.L.N. :— Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

PLANTAGINACE/E.

Plantago Linn.

1. P. CoronopllS. Linn. Buckshorn Plantain.

Bab. Man. 295,6. Hook. St. Fl. 289,90- H. & S. 69. Hist.
Yarm. Hist. Wher. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Buff. E. and W.

Annual or biennial plant ; on sea- shores and gravelly
pastures. June, July.

Occurs here and there in all the districts.

A remarkably compound form, P. multispicata, was
found at Southwold || by the late Rev. E. A. Holmes.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. P. maritima, Linn. Sea Plantain.
Bab. Man. 296. Hook. St. Fl. 289. H. & S. 69. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on the sea-coast. June to Sep.

3. Burgh Castle ; Breydon Water and Southwold : —
Lowestoft, E. Sk. : — Easton Bavent, Hb. Ly. : — Gorleston,
J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Dunwich and Walberswick : — Snape, E.N.B.

5. Felixstowe; Walton; Ipswich; Stutton||; Cata-
wade : — Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas. : — Kamsholt, Sir J. Cullum : —
Wherstead, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. P. lanceolata, Linn. Ribwort Plantain.
Bab. Man. 296. Hook. St. Fl. 289. H. & S. 69. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Sufi2. E. and W. Galp. 97.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pastures and meadows .

Common in all the districts. May to July.

A form with compound spikes was found at Nay land,
May 16th, 1884.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

289

[.P Timbali, Jord. Timbah Plantain..

Bab. Man. 296. Hook. St. Fl. 289.

An alien ; occasionally in cultivated fields. June, July*.

1. Sandy field at Brandon 1 1 , 1887.

5. Felixstowe, introduced, Purchas.

Earliest notice 1861. Rev. W. H. Purchas.]

4. P. media, Linn. Lamb's-tongue*
Bab. Man. 296. Hook. St. Fl. 289. H. & S. 69. Hist.Wheiv

Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Galp. 97.

Herbaceous perennial ; usually in chalky pastures.

June to September.

1. Honington||; Fakenham ; Troston ; Onehouse;.
Shelland ; Risby ; Higham ; Barton Mills ; Eriswell : —
Barton, Hb. Blk. : — Bury, Hbb. Sk. <$ Wils. : — Pakenham,
Hb. Cas. :— Stowlangtoft, H b. Ek. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun. :
— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— West Stow, E. Sk. :— Rough-
am, Hb. Ly.

2. Bildeston ; Melford and Clare : — Hitcham, Hb»
Hens.:—Eede,Hb. Turn.:— Cockfield, W. J.: —Kersey, E.F.L..

3. Mettingham.

4. Westleton : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Hem-
ingstone, T.B. : — Felixstowe, Purchas : — Wherstead, Ha-
ward : — Ipswich, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5. P. major, Linn. Greater Plantain. Waybread.
Bab. Man. 296,7. Hook. St. Fl. 288. H. & S. 68. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W. Galp. 97.

Herbaceous perennial ; on wastes and waysides.

Common in all the districts. June to August.

A panicled form gathered at Worlingham, Aug., 1887.
' Spike abortion, branching into a panicle, Bedingham, near
Bungay,' M.M. In Hb. Sk. is a small form, P. microstacliyz
gathered at Lowestoft.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Littorella, Linn.

1. L. lacustris, Linn. Shoreweed*.

Bab. Man. 297. Hook. St. Fl. 290. H.&S.69. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Buff. E. and W.

Small herbaceous perennial ; on the margin of lakes, .
-occasionally submerged, and without flowers. June, July.

290

1. Gt. Livermere || ; Ampton Lake || : — Tuddenham,
Hb. Sk. :— Cavenham, Sir T. G. Cullum :— Mildenhall, Sir
•C.J.F.B. & Hb. Ly.

3. ' By the margin of Oulton Broad ; by Lowestoft,
plentifully, Woodward : — Belton Common, Wiijg: — Salt waters
-at Benacre, near the sea, Crabbe : — Easton Broad, Holmes.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

MONOCHLAMYDE>€.
AMARANTHACE/E.

Amaranth us, Linn.

£A. Blitum, Linn. Amaranthus retrofle-j&us, Linn. Elite.
Bab. Man. 297. Hook. St. Fl. App. 534.
Herbaceous annual ; a casual ; in waste places. Aug.

1. Honington ||, a single plant near buildings : — Lang-
ham, Ebb. Sk. & Ly. :— Abbey Euins, Bury, C.B.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland, Rev. T. M. Torlesse : — plentiful
in farm-yard in the park at Tendring Hall ||.

1852. F. K. Eagle.]

(Two examples of the slender-branched Strawberry
Blite, Blitum virgatum, Linn, from waste ground, Bury, are
in Hb. Wils. Likely strays from cultivation. Sep. 1831.)

CHENOPODIACE/E.

Suaeda, Forsk.

1. S. fruticosa, Forsk. Shrubby Sea- Blite.

Bab. Man. 299. Hook. St. Fl. 342. H. & S. 69. Top. Bot.
Suff.. E.

Shrubby herbaceous perennial ; on sandy or shingly
-sea-shore ; rare. July, August.

3. South wold, Trimmer & Ms. Davy.

4. Walberswick, near the Ferry, Wooduard, Holmes,
and E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh, T.W.G.

Earliest record 1801. Woodwa-rd.

.2. S. mailtima, Dum. Rcrlacecus Sea- Blite.

Bab. Man. 299. Hook. St. Fl. 342. H. & S. 69. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. ffsrjv

Fleshy-leaved annual ; on muddy sea-shores.
.^ July to September.

291

3. Breydon Water; Covehithe :— Southwold, Hb.'Rk.t
— Soutlitown, D. Turner : — Lowestoft, E. 8k.

4. Dunwich || ; Walberswick ||.

5. Stutton || ; Chelmondiston ; Felixstowe ; Stutton :•
— Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas. :— Woodbridge, Hb. Ly. :^-Orford
Beach, E.N.B. : — Brantham, E. Sk. : — Wherstead, Howard*

S. 2wocumbens, Syme.

3. Southwold. 4. Walberswick. 5. Button.

Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

Salsola, Linn.

1. S. Kali, Linn. Saltwort.

Bab. Man. 299. Hook. St. Fl. 343. H. & S. 69. Hist. Yarni.;
Top. Bot. SufE. E.

Spinous annual ; on the sandy sea-beach. August.

3. Benacre and Covehithe : — Lowestoft, Hbb. Cas. &
8k. : — Hopton Beach, Phyt. 1862.

4. Dunwich : — Minsmere, E.N.B.

5. Landguard Fort, Hb.Mg.: — Aldeburgh, T.W.CL :
— Bawdsey, W.L.N. : — Felixstowe, Purchas : — Wherstead,
Haward.

Earliest record 1838. Mrs. Casborne.

Chenopodium, Linn.

1. C. "Villvaria, Linn. Stinking Goosefoot..

Bab. Man. 299. Hook. St. Fl. 336. H. & S. 70. Top. Bot.
SufE. E. and W.

Annual ; in waste places ; usually near houses.

August, September.

3. Southwold || : — Lowestoft, Hb. Cas.: — Gorleston,
Wigg & Trimmer.

5. Aldeburgh, Ms. Davy : — Woodbridge, Crabbe : —
Slaughden, E.N.B. : — Ipswich and Landguard Fort, Sk.ms. :
— Felixstowe, Haward.

Earliest notice 1800. Sir J. E. Smith.

2. C. poly sper mum, Linn. Many -seeded Goosefoot*

Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 336. H. & S. 70. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp.97.

Annual weed ; in moist waste places. Aug., Sep.

1. Ixworth Thorpe : — Barton, Hb. Elk. : — Pakenhanu
Hb. Cas.

292

: 2. Cockfield ||, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Laven-
liam, Dr. White : — Naughton, H. & 8.

3. Bungay, Stock. 4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B*
5. Bergholt, Dr. White : — Wherstead, Haward : — Bix-

ley Decoy, I. S. Soc.

C. acutifolium, Sm., Eegarded by some of our best
; authorities as not distinct from the type.

1. Ashfield, Hb. Rk. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Potter Lane, C.B.: — Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Brockford, Hb. Peck.

5. Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

3. C. lirbicum, Linn. Upright Goosefoot*

Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 337. H. & S. 70. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 127.

Annual weed ; on cultivated and waste ground. Aug.
1. Bury, Hb.Wils. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek.

3. Gorton, Sir J. E. Smith : — Bungay, H. <& S.

4. Eye || : — Palgrave, Collins.

5. Bergholt, H. <& S. :— Wherstead, Haward.

b. C. intermedium M. & K.
Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 337.
1. Barton ||, Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb.Wils., 1831.
Earliest notice 1828. Sir J. E. Smith.

-4- C. album, Linn. Fat Hen,

Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 336. H. & S. 70. Hist. Wher.

Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 97.

Annual weed ; on cultivated and waste ground.
Common in all the districts. July, August.

b. C. viride, Linn.

Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 337.

1. Honington ; Haughley ; Kentford: — Stowlangtoft,
Hb. Ek.

2. Nayland|| ; Melford. 3. Kessingland ; Benacre.
4. Eye. 5. Stutton ; Claydon ; Bawdsey.

c. C. paganum, Reichb.

Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 337.
1. Bury ; Hawstead, Hb. Wils., 1831.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

293

•5. C. ficifolium, Sm. Fig -leaved Goose foot.

Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 337. H. & S. 70. Hist. Yarin.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual weed ; on cultivated and waste ground ; rare.

August, September.

1. Bury & Lakenheath, H. & S. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.
3. Waste places by the Yare, Paget.
5. Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

6. C. miirale, Linn. Sowbane.
Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 337,8. H. & S. 70. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 97.

Annual weed ; under walls and in waste places. Aug.

3. Corton Cliff, Hb. Sk. :— Bungay, Stock :— St. Mar-
garets (E.A.H.), Galp.

5. Ipswich ; Slaughden Vale and Orford, E.N.B. : —
Aldeburgh and Felixstowe, H. & S.

Earliest notice 1835. D. Stock.

7. C. hybrid/lira., Linn. Maple-leaved Goosefoot.
Bab. Man. 300. Hook. St. Fl. 337. H. & S. 70. Hist. Yarm.

Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 97.

Annual weed ; in waste places ; rare. August.

1. Bury, Hbb. das. & Sk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Nayland ||, Gray. :— Naughton, H. & S.

3. Southtown, Wigg: — St. Margarets, Holmes.

4. Sibton Abbey, Davy.

5. Between Ipswich and Dedham, Sir J. E. Smith: —
Ipswich, Ips. Fl. : — Orford.

Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

8. C. rabrum, Linn. Red Goosefoot.

Bab. Man. 301. Hook. St. Fl. 338. H. «k S. 70. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 128.

Annual weed ; in waste places. August, September.

1. West Stow ||; Troston; Ixworth Thorpe: — Barton,
Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb. Wils. :— Bougham, Hb. Sk. :— Forn-
ham, H. & S. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Wickhambrook : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Little
Thurlow, F.

3. Worlingham : — Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen : — South-
town : — Bungay, H. & 8. : — Oulton, McAub. : — Gorleston,
J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

5. Aldeburgh ; Ipswich ; Stutton.

294

C. pseudo-botryodes, C. H. Watson. ?

Bab. Man. 501.
1 . Lakenheath 1 1 .
Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

9. C. botryodes, Sm. Bunchy Goosefoot.

Bab. Man. 301. Hook. St. Fl. 338. Top. Bot. Suff. E. Eng. PI.

Annual weed ; on sandy places near the coast. Sep.

3. Lowestoft, Sir J. E. Smith : — plentiful on the ditch
banks of Southtown Marshes, Mr. G. FitttoH. G. Glasspoole.
Earliest record 1828. Sir J. E. Smith.

Jll. C. Bonus HenrictlS, Linn. Good King Henry.

Allgood.

Bab. Man. 301. Hook. St. Fl. 338. H. & S. 70. Hist. Wher.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; by walls and waysides.
Frequent in all the districts. May to August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Beta, Linn.

1. B. Hiaritima, Linn. Sea-Beet..

Bab. Man. 301. Hook. St. Fl. 339. H. & 8. 70. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Hist. Wher.

Herbaceous perennial ; on the sea-coast. July to Sep.

3. Burgh Castle ; Covehithe and Southwold: — Lowes-
toft, Dr. Trimen :— Southtown, Hb. Geld.

4. Walberswick : — Dunwich, W. J.

5. Stutton || ; Catawade ; Chelmondiston ; Wlier-
stead ; Ipswich ; Walton : — Felixstowe, C.B. : — Orford,
E.N.B. : — Aldeburgh, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Brantham Marshes,.
8k. ms.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

Salicornia, Linn.

1. S- lierbacea, Linn. Common Glasswort. .

Bab. Man. 302. Hook. St. Fl. 341. H. & S. 69. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual ; on muddy shores and banks. Aug., Sep.

3. Breydon Water ; Covehithe : — Southtown, D
Turner : — Lowestoft, E. Sk.

4. Dunwich II ; Walberswick.

295

5. Walton || ; Stutton || ; Chelmondiston :— Alde-
burgh, Hb. F. :— Felixstowe. Hb. Cos. :— Catawade, E.F.L.:
— Button, F. Spalding : — Orford, Sk. ms. : — Wherstead, Ha-
ward.

b. 8. procumbens, Sin.

Bab. Man. 302. Hook. St. Fl. 341. Hist. Yarm.
3. Breydon Water || ; Covehithe. 4. Thorpe.

5. Chelmondiston 1 1 ; Aldeburgh||.
Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

2. S. radicans, Sm. Rooting Glasswort.

Bab. Man. 302. Hook. St. FL 342. H. & S. 69. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on muddy sea- shores.

August, September.

5. Stutton ||; Walton; Landguard Fort : — Felixstowe,
Hb. Cas. :— Orford, H. & S.

Earliest notice 1830. Mrs. Casborne.

Atriplex, Linn.

1. A. littoralis, Linn. Shore Orache.

Bab. Man. 302. Hook. St. Fl. 340. H. & S. 71 ? Hist. Yarm.
/ Top. Bot. Suff. E. Hist. Wher.

Annual weed ; on the sea- shore. July to September.

3. Covehithe and Kessingland : — Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. :
— Breydon Water, C.B.

5. Stutton || ; Catawade ; Ipswich ; Felixstowe ; Sut-
ton :— Woodbridge, Hb. Cas. :— Aldeburgh, E.N.B. :—
Wherstead, Haward.

b. A. marina, Linn.

Bab. Man. 302, Hook. St. Fl. 340.

3. ' Breydon Water; Oulton Broad; Kessingland.

5. Catawade || ; Felixstowe- 1|.

Earliest notice 1805 ? F. K. Eagle.

2. A. arigustifolia, Sm. A. patula, Linn, in part.

Narrow-leaved Orache.

Bab. Man. 302,3. Hook. St. Fl. 340. H. & S. 71 ? Hist. Yarm.
•Top. Bot. Suff. E. & W. Hist. Wher. « Galp. 98.

Annual weed ; in cultivated ground. July to Sep.

1. Honington || ; Ixworth ; Wetherden ; Haughley ;

296

Barton Mills ; Lakenheath : — Pakenliam, Hb. Cas. :— Bar-
ton and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Coney Weston, E.F.L.

2. Nayland and Melford : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :—
Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Lound ; Kessingland ; Benacre ; South wold : —
St. Margarets, Galp.

4. Botesdale.

5. Aldeburgh ; Stutton : — Felixstowe, Pur elms : —
Wherstead, Haward : — Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

3. A. erecta, Huds. A. patula, Linn, in part.

Upright Orache.

Bab. Man. 303. Hook. St. Fl. 339. H. & S. 71 ?
Annual weed ; in corn-fields and cultivated ground.

July to October.

1. Fakenham; Honington ; Wetherden ; Barton Mills;
Mildenhall.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Bungay ; Lowestoft ; Kessingland ; Benacre ;.
South wold 1 1 .

4. Eye||. 5. Stutton.
Earliest notice 1850. Prof. Henslow.

4. A. deltoidea, Bab. Deltoid Orache..
Bab. Man. 303. Hook. St. Fl. 340. Galp. 98.

Annual weed; on cultivated and waste ground.

June to October.

1. Fakenham || ; Thetford Warren; Barton Mills;
Mildenhall ; Lakenheath :— Ashfield, Hb. Ek.

3. Bungay ; Burgh Castle and Benacre : — Pakefield,
Hb. Cas. : — Homersfield Allotments, Galp.

4. Eye.

5. Stutton || ; Sutton : — Wherstead, Haward.

A. triangularis, Willd.
Bab. Man. 303.

1. Barton Mills ; Lakenheath :— Ashfield, HI. Ek.
3. Burgh Castle. 5. Stutton and Sutton.

Earliest notice 1830 ? Mrs. Casborne.

5. A. liastata, Linn. Hastate Or ache*.

Bab. Man. 303. Hook. St. Fl. 340. H. & S. 71. Hist. Yarm,
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 98.

297

Annual weed ; on cultivated and waste ground.

June to October.

1. Fakenham ; Ixworth Thorpe : — Felsham, Hb. 8k.:
— Coney Weston, E.F.L. •— Barton Mills.

2. Cocktield, W.J. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Burgh Castle || ; Kessingland; Southwold; Beccles.

4. Dunwich : — near Weybread, Galp.

5. Felixstowe : — Catawade, E.F.L.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

6. A. Babingtonii, Woods. Frosted Orache.

Bab. Man. 303. Hook. St. Fl. 340. H. &. S. 71. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Annual weed ; on the sea-shore. July to September.

3. Lowestoft ; Breydon Water ; Covehithe : — Gorles-
ton, W.J. : — Easton Bavent, Hb. Ly.

4. Dunwich ; Sizewell.

5. Stutton|| ; Catawade ; Ipswich ; Sutton : — Bawdsey,
W.L.N. :— Orwell, Ips. Fl. :— Aldeburgh, Sk. ms. :— Felix-
stowe, Purchas.

Earliest notice 1850 ? W. L. Notcutt.

7. A. farinosa, Dum. A. laciniata, Linn.

A. arenaria, Woods. Mealy Orache.
Bab. Man. 303,4. Hook. St. Fl. 340. Top. Bot, Suff. E.
Annual weed ; on sandy sea-shores. July to Sep.

3. Lowestoft, Dr. rl rimen : — Pakefield, Stone: — between
Lowestoft and Gorton, A.B. in lib. Geld.

4. Dunwich ||, W.J. : -Thorpe, Crabbe.

5. Felixstowe, Hb. My. : — Landguard Fort, Sir J. E.
Smith :— Aldeburgh, Sir CJ.F.B.

Earliest record 1800. Sir J. E. Smith.

Obione, Gart.

1. O. peduncillata, Moq. Atriplex pedunculata, Linn.

Stalked Sea Purslane.

Bab. Man. 304. Hook. St. Fl. 341. H. & S. 71. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Annual weed; in muddy salt marshes. Aug., Sep.

3. * On banks by the high way- side between Yarmouth
and Gorleston, Sep 3, 1764, Mr. Bryant. The banks are
since destroyed, and Mr. Bryant could not find it 1766,'

298

Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox. : — Breydon Water, Hb. Sk. : — 'Aug.
30, 1857. Shewn to me by Mr. Dawson Turner in a salt
marsh on the Suffolk side of the river at Yarmouth, a little
way from the bridge to the right of the road going to Gor-,
leston ||. It grows there in very considerable abundance,'
Sir C.J.F.B. Ms.

4. Walberswick, Holmes.

5. Shingle Street, Holmes :— Aldeburgh, T.W.G.
Earliest notice 1764. Rev. H. Bryant.

2- O. portulacoides, Moq. AtripUx portulacoides,IArm. .

Common Sea Purslane.

Bab. Man. 304. Hook. St. Fl. 341. H. &S.70. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Hist. Wher.

Shrubby perennial ; frequent on muddy sea-coasts.

August to October.

3. South wold, Hb. Ek. : — Breydon Marshes, Payet : —
Lowestoft, Sk. ms.

4. Walberswick : — Dunwich, W.J.

5. Aldeburgh || ; Felixstowe ; Stutton || ; Walton ;,.
Chelmondiston : — Catawade, E.F.L.: — Wherstead, Hawardi
— Woodbridge, H b. Ly.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

POLYGONACE^E.

Rumex, Linn.
2. R. maritinms, Linn. Golden Dock.

Bab. Man. 305. Hook. St. Fl. 348. H. & S. 71. Hist. Bury.
Top.fBot. Suff. E. Galp. 128.

Herbaceous perennial or biennial ; in marshes usually
near the sea. July, August.

1. Broadmere, Troston : — Mildenhall ; Eriswell, Sir
C.J.F.B. : — Fornham Heath, near Hengrave Park, Sir T.
G. Cullum.

2. Brettenham Park 1 1 , C.B.

3. By ditches on Bradwell Common, Wigg : — sides of
Kessingland Dam 1 1 , D. Turner : — Bungay, Stock : — near
Easton Broad and Potter's Bridge, South wold, Holmes : —
Somerleyton ; Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Beccles : — Oulton,
McAub.

4. Dunwich, Davy. 5. Aldeburgh, Hele.
Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

299

2. IB. palustris, Sm. Marsh Dock.

Bab. Man. 305. Hook. St. Fl. 349. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot.
Stiff. VV. Galp. 128.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes ; rare.

July to September.

1. Broadmere, Troston :— Mildenhall, Hb.Blk.:—
Fornham Heath, near Hengrave Park, Sir T. G. Outturn : —

3. St. Olave's Bridge || ; Belton || ; Beccles : — Bungay,
Stock : — ' Marshes at Cove and Barnby,' Holmes : — Oulton,
McAub.

Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

3. B. COnglomeratus, Murr. Clustered Dock.

Bab. Man. 305. Hook. St. Fl. 349. H. & S. 71. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 99.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places. June to Aug.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773 ? likely for R. acutus. Sir J. Cullum.
1855, Prof. Hens, in Hb. Hens.

5. JR. San guineas, Linn. Eed-veined Dock.

Bab. Man. 305. Hook. St. FL 349. H. & S. 71. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 99.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and lanes.

June to August.

1. Hinderclay Wood 1 1 ; Fakenham Wood: — Barton,
• Sir C.J.F.B. :— Bury, E. 8k.

2. Melford ; Nayland ; Stoke :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Lowestoft, Sir J. E. Smith :— Flixton, H.B.C.

4. Framlingham. Crabbe : — Mellis.

5. Felixstowe, Purchas.

b. E. viridis, Sibth.

Bab. Man. 305, Hook. St. Fl. 349. H. & S. 71. Hist. Yarm.

1. Sapiston Grove || ; Hinderclay Wood ; Ampton*: —
Bury, Hb.Wils. :— Pakenham, Hb. Cas.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Sk. : — Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Lound, Payef. — Lowestoft, Sir J. E. Smith: — Flix-
ton Park, Galp.

4. Botesdale ; Mellis ; Sibton : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Stutton.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

300

6. H. pulcTier, Linn. Fiddle Dock..

Bab. Man. 305,6. Hook. St. Fl. 348. H. & S. 71. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suf¥. B. and W. Galp. 99.

Biennial weed ; by waysides and waste places.

July to September.

1. Honington||; Troston ; Barton Mills: — Bury,
Hbb. Sk. & Wils. :— Barton and Mildenliall, Sir C.J.F.B.:—
Tuddeiiliam, E. Sk.

2. Hitcliam, Hb. Hem. :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Wick-
hambrook ; Nayland.

3. Burgh Castle ; Kessingland and Covehithe : — Bun-
gay, Stock :— Flixton, H.B.C. : — Lowestoft, E. Sk. : — South-
wold, J.H.G.

4. Benhall Green and Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Wal-
berswick ; Size well.

5. Felixstowe, C.B.

Earliest notice 1831. Herb. Wilson.

7. H. obtusifolius, Linn. Broad Dock.

Bab. Man. 306. Hook. St. Fl. 348. H. & S. 71. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suflf. E. and W. Galp. 99.

Herbaceous perennial ; fields and waste places.
Common in all the districts. July to September.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

8« H. aCTltllSj Linn. Shaiyi Dock.

Bab. Man. 306. Hook. St. Fl. 348. Britt.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshy places ; rare.

June to September.

1. Tavern Water, Bury, Aug. 1831, Hb. Wils. :— Mil-
denliall, Sir C.J.F.B. This is likely the plant referred to by
Sir J. Cullum, June 10, 1773, as the date is too early to
designate B. acutus, Sm., R. conglomerate, Murr.

9. 33. crispus, Linn. Curled Dock.

Bab. Man. 306. Hook. St. Fl. 349. H. & S. 71. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fields and waysides.
Common in all the districts. June to August.

H. trigranulatus, Syme, E. subcordattis, Warren, and a
third form having the enlarged petal without tubercles, are
found on the beach between Benacre and Covehithe 1 1 .
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

301
12. B. Hydrolapatlmra, Huds. Great Water Dock.

Bab. Man. 307. Hook. St. F1.3£0. H. & S. 71. Hist. Fram.
Hifct. Yarm. Top. Dot. Suit. E. and \V. Galp. 99.

Large herbaceous perennial ; in ditches and river-sides.

July, August.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Euston ; Knettishall ; Brandon;,
Lakenheath ; Barton Mills : — Fornham, Hb. Blk. : — Paken-
ham, Hb. Cos. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ilk. :— Tuddenham, Hb.
Sk. : — Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.U. : — Bury and Cavenham
Severals, Sk. ms.

2. Clare ; Nayland :— Melford, C.B.

3. St. Olavea ; Kessingland ; Benacre ; Bungay ;
Beccles :— Breydon Water, Pkyt. 1862 :— Belton, E. Sk.:—
Oulton Broad, C.B.

4. Eedgrave ; Wortham ; Eye ; Dunwich : — Farn-
ham and Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Framlingham, Crabbe S
E.N.B.

5. Claydon : — Hemingstone, T.B.
Earliest notice 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

15. B. Acetosa, Linn. Sorrel.

Bab. Man. 307. Hook. St. Fl. 350,1. H. & S. 72. Hist. Yarm,
Hist. Wker. Top. Bot. Buff. E. and W. Galp. 99.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures.
Common in all the districts. May, June.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

16. R. Acetosella, Linn. Sheep Sorrel.

Bab. Man. 307. Hook. St. Fl. 351. H. & S. 72. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 99.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry sandy heaths and com-
mons. May to July.

Var. R. angustifolius, Koch. Tasehenluch, D. & S. Flora.

1. Thetford Warren 1 1 ; Brandon; Barnham, Troston,
and Knettishall Heaths.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Polygonum, Linn.

1. P. Bistorta, Linn. Snakeweed.

Bab. Man. 308. Hook. St. Fl. 344. H. & S. 72. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 98.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist meadows. June, Oct.

302

1. Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Norton, Hb. Rk. : — near Wether-
-den Church, Hb. F. :— Tostock ||, F. : — Woolpit and Lack-
ford, E. Sk.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Sudbury, Dr. White -.—Mel-
ford, J.F.W. : — Hadleigh, across the Brett from Kectory,
F. Spalding.

3. Shipmeadow, Woodward : — near Olland House,
Bungay, Stock: — Flixton, towards St. Margarets, Holmes: —
; small plantation in Worlingham Park, H. & S.

4. Bendham and Gt. Glemham, Crdbbe : — Framling-
ham, E.N.B. &Ms. Davy : — Mendham and Thwaite, Holmes:

— Brockford, Hb. Peck.

5. Stonham, Hb. Cas. : — near the Gipping, Ipswich.
Miller.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

3. P. ampllibiuni, Linn. Amphibious Polyyonum.

Bab. Man. 308. Hook. St. Fl. 344. H. & 8. 72. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 98.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pools, or on their banks
when it is P. terrestre, Leers ; and, instead of long petioled
floating leaves, has them subsessile and aerial. July to Sep.

Both frequent in all the districts.

Earliest notice 1798. Bev. G. Crabbe.

4. P. lapattLifolium, Linn. Pale Persicaria.

Bab. Man. 308. Hook. St. Fl. 344. H. & S. 72. Hist. Yarnu
Top. Bot. SufE. B. and W. Galp. 98.

Annual weed ; in ploughed fields and waste places.
Frequent in all the districts. July to September.

Earliest notice 1832. Steggall.

£. P. maculatlim, Dyer. Spotted Persicaria.

Bab. Man. 309. Hook. St. Fl. 345.

Annual weed ; on damp gravelly places. July to Sep.
1. Troston 1 1 ; Honington. 2. Little Bradley, Hb.F.
Earliest notice 1840. Mrs. French.

'6. P. Persicaria, Linn. Common Persicaria.

Bab. Man. 309. Hook. St. FL 345. H. & S. 72. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 98.
Annual weed ; in cultivated fields and waste places.

June to October.

303

Common in all the districts.

P. biforme, Walil., a doubtful variety.

Bab. Man. 309.

1. Honington.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

7. P. mite, Sclirank. Mild Persicaria..
Bab. Man. 309. Hook. St. FJ. 345.

Annual weed ; in wet places. August, September.

1. Honington; Fakenham; Troston: — Bury, Hb.Wils..
3. Lound||: — Beccles.

Earliest notice 1831. Herb. Wilson.

8. P. Hydropiper, Linn. Water Pepper.

Bab. Man. 309. Hook. St. Fl. 345. H. & 8. 72. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. SufE. B. and W. Galp. 98.
Annual weed ; by shallow streams and ditches.
Frequent in all the districts. August, September..

Earliest notice 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

9. P. minus, Huds. Lesser Persicaria..

Bab. Man. 309,10. Hook. St. Fl. 346. H. & S. 72. Top. Bot.
Sufi:. E. and W ? Galp. 98.

Procumbent annual weed ; edge of pools or streams.

August, September.
1. Edge of pool, Fakenham Wood.
3. Bungay, H. & S. : — Beccles ; Worlingham; Carlton
Colville :— St. Margarets (E.A.H.), Galp.

Earliest record 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

10. P. aviculare, Linn. Knot Grass*

Bab. Man. 310. Hook. St. Fl. 346. H. & S. 72. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 98.

Annual weed, usually procumbent ; in fields and wastes.
Common in all the districts. May to September*.

a. P. agrestinum, Jord.

1. Honington ||. 2. Nayland.

b. P. vulgatum, Syme.
1. Honington.

c. P. arenastram, Bor.
1. Honington 1 1.

304

d. P. microspermum, Jord.

1. Honingtdn ||. 2. Nayland ; Stoke-by-Nayland.

e. P. rurivagum, Jord.

1 . Honington ; Livermere 1 1 .

2. Stoke-by-Clare ; Nayland.

/. P. Utter ale, Link.

5. Sutton ||.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

11. P- Hail, Bab. P. Itobcrti, Lois. Ray's Knotgrass.
Bab. Man. 310. Hook. St. Fl.

Procumbent annual? on the sea-sliore. Aug., Sep.
5. Landguard Fort ||. 1888.

13. P. Convolvulus, Linn. Black Bindweed.

Bab. Man. 310. Hook. St. Fl. 347. H. & S. 72. Hist. Yarnu
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Gal p. 98.

Annual weed ; in ploughed fields and wastes.
Frequent in all the districts. July to September.

b. P. pseudo-dumetorum, H. C. Wats.
Bab. Man. 310. Hook. St. FJ. 347.
1 . Honington 1 1 .

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Fagopyrum,

[F. esculentum, Mamch. Buckwheat.

Bab. Man. 311. Hook. St. Fl. App. 534. Hist. Yarm.

Annual ; a frequent escape from cultivation.

1. Troston||; Honington; Fakenham ; Livermere:
—Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Corn-field, Nowton, Hb. Wils. :— Wai-
sham, Hb. Dm. : — Fornham, Hb. Ly.

5. Gt. Healings, Moor.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.]

EUEAGNACE/C.

Hippophae, Linn.

1. TT. rh.amnoid.es, Linn. Sea Buckthorn*

305

Bab. Man. 311. Hook. St. Fl. 354. H. & S. 73. Top. Bot. Suff. JL
Sea -side shrub ; on cliffs or sands. May.

4. Thorpe, near Aldeburgh, Hb. Blk. <& Sir C.J.F.B.

5. In great plenty in a sandy lane between Shottiskam.
Church and Button Heath, Holmes.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

THYMELACE/E.

Daphne, Linn.

1. D. Mezereum, Linn. Mezereon.

Bab. Man. 312. Hook. St. Fl. 353. H. & S. 73. Top. Bot.

.Suff. W. G alp. 99.

Small shrub ; in woods ; rare. March ^

1. Stowlangtoft, cultivated, Hb.Ek.: — Honing ton ||,

cultivated: — Wood, Lit. Welnetham, probably sown by birds,

Mrs. Carss : — Hawstead, E. S. Marshall.

3. Bungay, doubtful if wild, Stock.

4. 'At Laxfield, in great abundance in a neglected
pasture by the side of the road to Stirrup Street, and by the
side of a pool there. It does not appear that there was a;
garden or house near the spot, so that its growth most pro-
bably is not owing to art. Mr. Crowe.' Dill. Ray in Hort.
Ox. : — found by Mr. Woodward at Laxfield, M.M. Appa-
rently extinct at Laxfield in 1805.

5. ' Becorded from Bergholt,' H. & S ?
Earliest notice 1777. Crowe.

2. D. L aureola, Linn.^ Spurge Laurel.

Bab. Man. 312. Hook. St. Fl. 353. H. & S. 73. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Gal p. 98.

Small evergreen shrub ; in woods and thickets.

February to April.

1. Stanton, Ebb. Cos. & Dun. :— Woolpit, Hb. Wils. :
— NactonHall, Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Sicklesmere, E. Sk. :
— Bradfield St. George, H b. Turn.

2. Cockfield ||, C.B. :— UitchsLm,Hb.Hens. :-Hartestr
- — Acton Wood, J. F.W.I — Sudbury, Fulcher; — Holbecks,
Hadleigh and near Aldham Hall, F. Spalding : — Thrifty
Wood, Lawshall ; Thorpe ; Glemsford, Sk. ins.

3. Fritton and Bradwell : — near St. Cross Schoolroom >

306

Flixton, Galp : — Eeydon, Hist. Soutkwold.

4. Sibton : — between Mellis and Burgate, C.J. Ash field:
— Benhall and Gt. Glemliam, E.N.B. :— Easton, Crabbe :—
Brockford, Hb. Peck :— Laxfield, Ms. Davy.

5. Stutton : — Grundisburgh and Gt. Dealings, Moor : —
Hemingstone, T.B. : — Coddenham, F. Fox : — Ashbocking,
F.C.S : — Birkfield, Ipswich and field and road to Akenliam
Dr. Taylor : — Bergholt, H. $ S. : — Bramford & Blakenliam
I. S. Soc.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

SANTALACE>€.

Thesium, Linn.

1. T. llTlinif llSUin, PC, Bastard Toad-flax.

Bab. Man. 312. Hook. St. Fl. 355. H. Sc. S. 73. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Woody parasitical perennial ; in chalky soil.

June, July.

1. Eisby Heath ||, Hb. 8k. ;— Newmarket Heath, Dill.
• & Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Sir J. E. Smith:— Brandon, E. 8k.
.Sometimes infested with JEeidium Thesii, E.N.B.
Earliest record 1724. Dillenius.

ARISTOLOCHIACE/E.

Aristolochia, Linn.

'[1. A. Clematitis, Linn. Common Birthwort.

Bab. Man. 313. Hook. St. Fl. 352. H. & S. 73. Galp. 128.

Herbaceous perennial ; near old ruins. July, Aug.

1. Livermere || ; Abbey Grounds, Bury, Hb. Sk. : —
Hessett, Hb. Wils. & Dr. Brom field : — Eougham, Hb.Dun.

4. At Stuston, Woodward, and recently Dr. Amyot.
Earliest notice 1796. Woodward.]

Asarum, L'.nn.

i. A. eur op senna, Linn. Asambacca.

Bab. Man. 313. Hook. St. Fl. 352.
Evergreen herbaceous perennial ; in woods. May.

307

1. Kougham, Hb. Dun. Beside the dried specimen, a,
drawing of a plant from Eougham has been seen in a collec-
tion of wild flowers from the pencil of Mrs. Gibson, of Lound..

4. Worth am, Collins \\.

Earliest notice 1847. Mrs. Dunlap.

EUPHORBIACE/E.

Euphorbia, Linn.

2. E. Hello SCOpia, Linn. Sun Spurge..

Bab. Man. 314,15. Hook. St. F1.356. H. & 8. 74. Hist. Yarm..
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 100.

Annual weed ; in cultivated and waste ground.
Frequent in all the districts. June to September.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. E. platypliyllos, Linn. Broad-leaved Spurge-

Bab. Man. 315. Hook. St. Fl. 357. H. & S. 74. ' Suffolk '
Br. Fl.

Annual weed ; in fields. June to August.

1. Cutthroat Lane, Hardwick, Hb. Wils. 1831.

8. E. amygdaloid.es, Linn. Wood Spurge..

Bab. Man. 306. Hook. St. Fl. 357. H. & S. 74. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E.and W. Galp. 100. Ger. em.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. March, April.

1. Bury, Hb.Wils.: — Pakenham, Hb.Cas. : — Haughley:
— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Onehouse Wood, Mrs. Terry. —
Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle : — Hardwick, Hb. Ly. : — Bradfield,
H. & S.

2. Wiston || ; Polstead ; Nayland ; Acton ; Melford :
— Cockfield and Gt. Waldingfield, C.B. : — Hitcham, Prof.
Hens. :— Gt. Bradley, Hb. F. :— Eede, Hb. Turn. :— Ched-
burgh, Miss Bell :— Kersey, Gray :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

8. Bungay, Stock.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Bruisyard Wood, Hol-
land : — Framlingham, Hb.Dun. : — Hoxne, Ms. Davy.

5. Stutton : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Hemingstone,.
T.B. :— Ashbocking, F.C.S. :— Blunt's Wood, Woodbridge,
F. Spalding: — Wherstead, Haward: — Barking, Hb.Peck: —
Pettistree, Ms. Davy.

Earliest record 1562. Dr. W. Turner.

308

[E. Cyparissias, Linn. Welcome to our house*

Bab. Man. 316. Hook. St. Fl. 359.

Herbaceous perennial ; a rare stray. June, July.

1. Tuddenham, ' at least a mile away from gardens,*
W. J. Cross, 1888.]

10. E. Paralias, Linn. Sea Spurge*

Bab. Man. 316. Hook. St. Fl. 358. H. & S. 74. Top. Bot,
Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sea-sands. August, Sep.

3. Seashore, Southwold, Ms. Davy.

4. Dunwich 1 1 and Walberswick : — Minsmere Level,
E.N.B. :— Thorpe, H. & S.

5. Landguard Fort, Hb. Blk. : — Kamsholt, Sir J. Cul-
lum:— Felixstowe, H.M.S. :— Walton Ferry, E. Sk.

Earliest record 1633. Johnson.

12. E. Peplus, Linn. Petty Spurge*

Bab. Man. 316,17. Hook. St. Fl. 358. H. & S. 74. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. When Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 100.

Annual weed ; on cultivated ground. July, Aug»

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

13- E. exigua, Linn. Dwarf Spurge*

Bab. Man. 317. Hook. St. Fl. 358. H. & S. 74. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 100.

Small annual weed ; in corn-fields. June to Aug.

1. Honington||; Sapiston ; Stanton ; Wetherden ;
Eisby ; Brandon; Barton Mills: — Barton, Hb. Blk.: — Bury
and Tuddenham, Hb. Wils. : — Hardwick, Hb. Sk. : — Paken-
ham, Hb. Cas. : — Woolpit, J. Easor : — Haughley and Sax-
ham, Sk.ms. : — Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Long Melford: — Bildeston, Hb. Cas. : — Hitcham,
Hb. Hens. :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Thurlow,
Hb. F.

3. Mettingham ; Lound ; Lowestoft ; Kessingland ;
Benacre :— Gorleston, Phyt. 1 862 : — Bradwell, Hb. Geld.

4. Botesdale ; Burgate : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Grundisburgh, F.H. : — Hemingstone, T.B. — Cod-
denham, F. Fox: — Ashbocking, F.C.S. : — Bramford, Haward*

Earliest record 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

309
1 14. E. Lathyris, Linn. Caper Spurge.

Bab. Man. 317. Hook. St. Fl. 359. H. & S. 74. Galp. 100.

Biennial weed ; usually in gardens, probably the result
of former cultivation. June, July.

1. Honington || ; Hopton ; Mildenhall : — sparingly in
the lane between Ickworth Park and Saxham Gate, E. 8k. :
— Gazeley, Rev. F. Tearle.

2. Long Melford and Nayland.

4. Withersdale, Galp.

5. Stutton ; Needham Market, E. Clowes.
Earliest notice 1862. E. Skepper.

Mercurialis, Linn.

1. M. perennis, Linn. Dog Mercury.

Bab. Man. 317. Hook. St. Fl. 360. H. &S.74. Hist. Wher.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 100.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and under hedges.
Frequent in all the districts. April, May.

Earliest record 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

2. M. amma, Linn. Annual Mercury.

Bab. Man. 317. Hook. St. FL 360. H. & S. 74.

Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual weed ; in waste places. Aug., Sept.

1. Honington ; Fornham St. Martin ; Thetford ; West
Row, Mildenhall || : — Bury, East Gate Station, &c., Ebb. Blk.,
Sk. & Wils. :— Pakenham, Hb. Gas.

2. Nayland || : — Lavenham, C.B.

3. Lowestoft || : — Gorleston, J. Pagetin Hb. Geld.

4. Framlingham, H. & S. : — Walberswick; — Burgate,
Collins.

5. Stutton and Claydon : — Ipswich, H. & S. : — Wher-
stead, Haward : — Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

b. M. ambigua, Linn. fil.

Bab. Man. 317. Hook. St. Fl. 360.

5. Docks at Ipswich ||, E.G. Varenne, Phyt. O.S.,
cxix, p. 90.

Earliest record 1771. Sir J. Cullum.

310

CERATOPHYLLACE/E.

Ceratophyllum, Linn.

1. C. demersum, Linn. Dark Hornwort*.

Bab. Man. 317,18. Hook. St. Fl. 378. H. & S. 74. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 103.

Perennial aquatic ; in streams and ponds. June, July.

1. Knettishall in Lit. Ouse || ; Ampton Lake : — Barton,
Hb. Blk. :— Woolpit, J. Rasor :— Bury, E. Sk.

2. Wiston|| ; Nayland.

3. Benacre : — Bungay, Stock: — Homersfield, Galp.

4. Lake in Kedgrave Park || : — Pond between Wey-
bread and Wingfield, Blackett.

Earliest notice 1835. D. Stock.

2. C. Sllbmersum, Linn. Pale green Hormvort.
Bab. Man. 318. Hook. St. Fl. 379. H.&S. 75. Hist. Yarm.
Aquatic herbaceous perennial ; in ponds and streams.

June, July.

1. Lit. Ouse, Knettishall 1 1 ; Ampton Lake ; Honington ;
Ixworth ; Sapiston ; Mildenhall ; Barton Mills : — Wang-ford,
Hb. Cas. & F.K.E. in Hb. Ly.

2. Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Bungay : — Ditches at Gorleston, D. Turner : — be-
tween Yarmouth and Gorleston, Sir J. E. Smith.

4. Dunwich.

Earliest notice 1804. Dawson Turner.

CALLITRICHACE/E.

Callitriche, Linn.

1. C. verna, Linn. C. vernalis, Koch.

Vernal Water Starwort.

Bab. Man. 318. Hook. St. FL 152. H. & S. 75. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Galp. 68.

Aquatic weed ; in ditches and pools ; doubtfully annual.
Common in all the districts. April to September.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. C. Obtusangula, Le Gal. Blunt Water Starwort*.
Bab. Man. 318. Hook. St. Fl. 153.

Aquatic weed ; in ditches ; doubtfully annual.

311

May to September.

1. Fen ditches, near West Kow, Mildenhall ||.
3. Burgh Castle, A.B
First notice 1883. Hind.

'3. C. st agnails, Scop. Pond Water Starwort.

Bab. Man. 318. Hook. St. M. 153. Galp. 68. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.?and W. ?

Aquatic weed, doubtfully annual ; in shallow pools or

on mud. May to September.

a. C. stagnates, Kutz.

Bab. Man. 318.

1. Hopton || ; Sapiston ; Bury ||.

3. Kessingland ||.

4. In Waveney, Mendham, H.B.C.

b. C. platycarpa, Kutz.
Bab. Man. 318. Galp. 68.

1. Sapiston || ; Bury : — Wangford, G. C. Druce, Eec.
-Club, 1883.

3. Lound||.

4. Frequent in the Mendham Marshes, Galp.
Earliest notice 1881. Hind.

4. C. namTllata, Kutz. Hooked Water _ Stanvort.

Bab. Man. 319. Hook. St. Fl. 153. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Aquatic weed, doubtfully annual ; in lakes and streams.

June to September.

1. Thetford Warren 1 1 ; Market Weston 1 1 ; Ixworth
Thorpe : — Pakenham Fen, Hb. Cas.

3. Kessingland ; Beccles.

4. Redgrave || ; Wortham.

b. C. pedunculata, DC.

Bab. Man. 319. Hook. St. Fl. 153. H. & S. 75.
1. Thetford Warren 1 1. 5. Ipswich, H. & 8.

Earliest notice 1839. Mrs. Casborne. See C. autumnalis.

(C. autumnalis, Linn., regarded by some as a Suffolk
plant, is likely an error ; the plant so named from Pakenham
Fen in Hb. Cas. is C. hamulata. There is no genuine Suf-
folk specimen in any of the Herbaria which have been ex-
amined.)

312

URTICACE/E.

Parietaria, Linn.

1. P. diffusa, Koch. P. offLcinalis, Linn.

Pellitory of the wall.

Bab. Man. 319,20. Hook. St. Fl. 363. H. & S. 75. Hist. Tarm.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 101.

Herbaceous perennial ; on ruins and old buildings.
Several plants unaccountably appear on the beach, above
high water, at Sizewell.

Frequent in all the districts. June to September.

1772. Sir J. Cullum.

Urtica, Linn.

1. TJ. pilulifera, Linn. Roman Nettle.

Bab. Man. 320. Hook. St. Fl. 363. H. & S. 75. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 128.

Annual weed ; about towns ; formerly plentiful in the
N. E. district, now very rare, or nearly extinct.

June to August.

2. Clare, ' C.B.

3. Gorleston, Wigg : — ' The whole Town is overrun
with it, Mr. Bryant,' Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox. ; also Dr. Brom-
fteld in Hb. Wils. : — Southtown, J. W. Ewing in Hb. Geld. :
Lowestoft 1 1, Hbb. Blk & Cas. : — Bungay, Woodward : — Bec-
cles, Hb. Ly.

4. Thorpe, Dr. White.

5. Aldeburgh, Dill. Ray ; also Sir T. G. Cullum 1774 :
— Felixstowe ? on authority of the late Mr. W. Norman,
Miller.

H. & 8. give Euston as a locality ; most likely a mistake.
Earliest record 1724. Dillenius.

2- TJ. urens, Linn. Small Nettle.

Bab. Man. 320. Hook. St. Fl. 362. H.&S. 75. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 100.

Annual weed ; on cultivated land and under walls.

June to September.

Frequent in all the districts ; very common on light soil.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. TJ. dioica, Linn. Common Nettle.

Bab. Man. 320. Hook. St. Fl. 362,3. H. & S. 75. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 100.

313

Herbacepus perennial; borders of fields and waste
places. June to September.

Very common in all the districts.

Var. U. angustifolia, A. Blytt.

1. Ampton; Culford.

2. Polstead|| ; Stoke; Wiston :— Melford, C.B.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

I CANNABINACE/E.

Cannabis, Linn.

[Cannabis sativa, Linn. Hemp of commerce, occasion-
ally occurs as a casual from bird-seed.

5. Carlton Colville. There is a specimen from Hit-
cham in Hb. Hens. 1858.]

Humulus, Linn.

1. H. Lupulus, Linn. Common Hop.

Bab. Man. 320. Hook. St. Fl. 363,4. H. & S. 75. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot, Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 100.

Climbing herbaceous perennial, furnishing the hops of
commerce ; in hedges and damp copses. July, August.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum. •

: ULMACE/E.

Ulmus, Linn.

1 TJ. campestris, Sm. E. suberosa, Ehrh. Common Elm.

Bab. Man. 321. Hook. St. Fl. 362. H. & S. 76. Galp. 100.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. andW.

Tall deciduous timber tree ; in woods and hedgerows.
Frequent in all the districts. March to May.

b. U. glabra, Sm.

Bab. Man. 321. Hook. St. Fl. 362.

1. Sapiston 1 1 ; Pakenham ; Gt. Barton ; Fornham
St. Martin ; Bury ; Woolpit ; West Row and Onehouse : —
Stowlangtoft, Hb. lik.

314

2. Long Melford ; Wiston and Polstead.

3. Bungay. 4. Dunwicli ; Mellis. 5. Stutton..

c. V. stricta, Lindl.

Bab. Man. 321. Hook. St. Fl. 362.

4. Stoke-by-Nayland 1 1, scarce.

5. Higham and Stratford St. Mary.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. U. montana, With. Wych Elm..

Bab. Man. 321. Hook. St. Fl. 362. H. & S. 75. Top. Bot.
SufE. E. and W.

Large deciduous timber tree ; in woods and hedgerows^

Frequent in all the districts. March, April.

A form with handsome, deeply-cut, darkly-blotched
leaves, U. cornuta, grows in a copse at the North-end of
Stoke-by-Nayland ||, and a somewhat similar form at Felix-
stowe.

Earliest notice 1860. E. Skepper.

AMENTIFER/C.

Salix, Linn.

1. S. pentandra, Linn. Bay-leaved Willow*

Bab. Man. 323. Hook. St. Fl. 371. H. & S. 76. Galp. 128.
Small tree, with glossy fragrant foliage ; the most hand-
some of our willows. May, June,.

3. Worlingham : — Bungay, frequent, Woodward.

4. Kelsale, Ms. Davy.

Earliest notice 1805. Woodward.

3. S. fragilis, Linn. Crack Willow*

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. FL 371. H. & S. 77. Hist. Bury,
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 102.

Tall deciduous tree ; in damp meadows. April, May.

a. S. decipiens, Hoffm.

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. Fl. 371. Hist. Yarm.

1. Troston, probably introduced.

3. Gorleston || : — Worlingham, R. E. Leach.

4. Nayland||.

315

b. S.frayilis, Linn.

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. Fl. 371.

1. Hinderclay ; Hopton ; Bardwell; Ixworth Thorpe ;
Ixworth ; Troston ; .West Stow ; Cavenham ; Lakenheath :
—Bury, Hb. Sk.

2. Nayland||; Wickhambrook j Polstead ; Long Mel-
ford : — Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Gorleston : — Barsham, R. E. Leach.

4. Near Weybread Mill, Galp.

c. S. Piiisselliana, Sm.

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. Fl. 371.

1. Hinderclay || ; Ixworth Thorpe Carr ; Knettishall || ;
Troston.

Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

4. S. alba, Linn. White Willow.

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. Fl. 371. H. & S. 77. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Galp. 102.

Tall deciduous tree ; sides of streams and ditches.
Frequent in all the districts. May.

b. S. carulea, Sm.

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. Fl. 371.

1 . Troston 1 1 ; Honington ; Fakenham ; Bardwell ;
Ixworth ; Kisby ; Mildenhall : — Market Weston, E.F.L.

c. S. vitellina, Sm.

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. Fl. 371,2. Hist. Yarm.
1. Risby||; Lakenheath; Ixworth Thorpe Carr.

3. , Paget.

4. Burgate Wood.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

*5. S. Tindulata, Ehrh. S. lanceolata, Sm.

Lanceolate Osier.

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. Fl. 370. H. & S. 77. Hist. Yarm.
HiBt. Bury.

Small deciduous tree ; in moist places. April," May.
1. Hopton, E.F.L.: — near Icklingham Bridge, Hist.
Bury.

*3. Bradwell, Borrer & D. Turner, 1810 :— Beccles.
Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

316

6. S« triandra, Linn. Long-leaved triandrous Osier.

Bab. Man. 324,5. Hook. St. PL 370. H. & S. 77. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 102.

Small deciduous tree ; in damp places. April, May.

1 . West Stow 1 1 ; Thelnetham 1 1 ; Cavenham ; Laken-
heath ; Livermere ; Fornham St. Martin ; Honington ;
Fakenham ; Market Weston : — Barton, Hb. Elk. \ — Coney
Weston, E.F.L. :— Eougham, H. & 8.

2. Naylandand Stoke ||.

3. Fritton and Kessingland ; Beccles : — near Bungay,
MM.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

b. S. Hoffmanniana, Sm.

Bab. Man. 324. Hook. St. Fl. 370.

1. Sapiston || ; Troston || ; Euston ; Thelnetham.

2. Nayland.

c. S. amygdalina, Linn.

Bab. Man. 324,5. Hook. St. Fl. 370. H. & S. 77.
1. West Stow; Troston || ; Fornham.

3. Fritton ||.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

7. S. purpurea, Linn. Purple Willow.

Bab. Man. 325. Hook. St. Fl. 377,8. H. & S. 77. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 102.

Small deciduous tree ; marshes and river-banks.

March, April.

1. Haughley || ; Thurston ; Bardwell ; Brandon ;
Lakenheath ; Mildenhall ; Tuddenham ; Newmarket.

2. Stoke ; Wiston || ; Long Melford.

3. Beccles. 4. Near Weybread Mill, Galp.

b. S. Woolfjariana, Borr.

Bab. Man. 325. Hook. St. Fl. 378.

1. Bardwell ; Troston. 3. Beccles.

c, S. ramulosa, Borr.

Bab. Man. 325. Hook. St. Fl. 378.

1. Bardwell; Troston. 2. Wiston ||.

dt S. Lambertiana, Sm.

Bab. Man. 325. Hook. St. Fl. 378. Hist. Fram. Hist. Bury.

317

1. About Lackford Bridge,^ near Icklingham, Crowe.: — -
Bury, Sir J. E. Smith.

3. Bradwell, /. Woods, jun., 1805.

e. S. Helix, Linn.

Bab. Man. 325. Hook. St. Fl. 378. Hist. Bury.
1. Brandon ||. Near Icklingham Bridge, Sir T. G*
Cullum.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

8. S. r libra, Huds. Eose Willow.

Bab. Man. 325. Hook. St. Fl. 378. H. & S. 77. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Deciduous tree ; in marshes and wet meadows.

April, May.

1. Tuddenham || : — Honington : — Icklingham, Eev. J*
Hemsted.

b. S. Forbyana, Sin.

Bab. Man. 325. Hook. St. Fl. 378. H. & S. 77. Hist. Yarnu
1. Near Icklingham. 3. Bradwell, Borrer.

Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

9. S. viminalis, Linn. Common Osier.

Bab. Man. 326. Hook. St. Fl. 375. H. & S. 77. , Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 102.

Deciduous shrub ; much esteemed for basket making ;
wet places. April, May.

1. Market Weston || ; Troston Heath || ; Cavenham ;
Barton Mills ; Lakenheath ; Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Hopton,
E.F.L.

2. Long Melford, Wickhambrook and Stoke 1 1 : — Nay-
land, Gray.

3. Benacre : — Worlingham, R. E. Leach.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor-. — Felixstowe, Purchas.

b. S. intricate^ Leefe.
Bab. Man. 326.

1. Knettishall 1 1 ; BardwTell. 5. Bawdsey.

c. S. stipularis, Leefe.
Bab. Man. 326.

1 . Sapiston ; Knettishall 1 1 .

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

318

.10. S. stipTllaris, Sm. Stipuled Osier*

Bab. Man. 326. Hook. St. Fl. 375. H. & S. 77. Hist. Bury.
Deciduous shrub ; in wet places ; (cultivated in Suffolk,

Hook. St. Fl.) March.

1. Near Bury, Crowe: — Honington; Sapiston; Troston.
Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

11. S SmitMana, Willd. Smith's Osier.
Bab. Man. 326. Hook. St. Fl. 375. Hist. Bury. Top. Bot.

:Suff. W.

Deciduous shrub ; in wet places. April, May.

1. Market Weston|| : — near Bury, Crowe.
3. Worlingham, E. E. Leach.

Earliest notice 3804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

12. S. acuminata, Sm. Acuminate Sallow*
Bab. Man. 326. Hook. St. Fl. 375.

Small deciduous tree ; in woods or hedges. April.

1. Hopton, E.F.L. 3. Worlingham.

Earliest notice 1883. Rev. E. F. Linton.

13. S. cinerea, Sm. Sallow.

Bab. Man. 327. Hook. St. Fl. 372. H. & S. 77. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Deciduous shrub ; in woods and hedges. March, April.
Frequent in all the districts.

b. S. aquatica, Sm.

Bab. Man. 327. Hook. St. Fl. 372. Hist. Yarm. Galp. 102.

1 . Lakenheath ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Sapiston ; Onehouse.

2. Long Melford ; Wiston ; Nayland ; Polstead.

3. Fritton ||. 4. Redgrave Fen || ; Dunwich.

c. S. oleifolia, Sm.

Bab. Man. 327. Hook. St. Fl. 372.

1. Lakenheath ; Euston ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Sapiston ;
'Onehouse 1 1 ; Thelnetham 1 1 .

2. Wiston ; Polstead. 4. Dunwich.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

14. S. aurita, Linn. Round-leaved Sallow.

Bab. Man. 327. Hook. St. Fl. 372. H. & S. 77. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp 128.

Small deciduous shrub ; in woods, hedges and borders of
fields ; less frequent in Suffolk than elsewhere. April, May.

319

1. Pakenham Wood || : — Dalham Wood, Rev. F.Tearle*.

2. Wiston |. 3. Bungay, Woodward.
Earliest record 1812. Woodward.

15. S. caprea, Linn. Great Sallow^

Bab. M an. 327. Hook. St. Fl. 372. H. & S. 77. Hist. Yarm.
Hibt. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small deciduous tree ; in woods and hedges.
Frequent in all the districts. April, May-

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

20. S. repens, Linn. Creeping Willow..
Bab. Man. 329. Hook. St. Fl. 373. H. & S. 77. Hist. Yarm.

.Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Small deciduous shrub ; varied in habit ; on wet heaths,.

March to May.

1. Wangford; Lakenheath 1 1 : — Lit. Bombay Fen,
Mildenhall, Hb. Eh. & Sir C.J.F.B.: — Tuddenham Heath,.
W.J. :— Cavenham, E. Sk.

3. — — , Paget.

b. S.fusca, Sm.

Bab. Man. 329. Hook. St. Fl. 373. Hist. Yarm.? H. <k S. 77.
1. Brandon || ; Hinderclay|| : — Tuddenham Bog, Hb. Sk..

d. S. ascend ens, Sm.

Bab. Man. 329. Hook. St. Fl. 373. Hist. Yarm.
1. Lakenheath || ; Brandon: — Tuddenham Heath,.
Sir C.J.F.B. in Hb. Rk., 1847.

e. S. incubacea, Linn.

Bab. Man. 329. Hook. St. Fl. ? 373.

1. Lakenheath. 3. Hopton, Sir J. E. Smith*

f. S. argentca, Sm.

Bab. Man. 329. Hook. St. Fl. 373.
1. Thelnetham ||.
3. Plantation at Hopton ? Wigg.
Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

21. S. ambigua, Ehrh. Ambiguous Willow*
Bab. Man. 329, Hook. St. Fl. ? 373. Hist. Yarm.

Small deciduous shrub ; on gravelly heaths. May-

3. Hopton, Borrer.

320

c. S. spathulata, Willd.

Bab. Man. 329. Hook. St. Fl. 373.
3. Hopton, Borrer.

Earliest notice 1804. Borrer.

Populus, Linn.

1. P. alba, Linn. White Poplar. Abele.

Bab. Man. 332,3. Hook. St. Fl. 369. H. & S. 77. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 102.

Large deciduous tree ; in woods and hedgerows.

March, April.

1. Barnham || ; Troston ; Sapiston Grove ; Barning-
ham ; Bardwell ; Brandon ; Mildenhall ; Barton Mills : — -
Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Santon Downham, Norgate.

2. Long Melford : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Fritton and Bungay : — St. Margarets, Galp.

4. Saxmundham : — Thrandeston, Collins.

5. Shrubland Park : — Gt. Bealings, Moor.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

2. P. canescens, Sm. Grey Poplar*

Bab. Man 333. Hook. St. Fl. 369. Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot.
,Suff. E.

Tall deciduous tree ; in woods and hedgerows.

March, April.

1. Euston || ; Honington ; Ixworth Thorpe; Troston;
Thetford and Mildenhall.

2. Polstead || ; Wattisham.

3. Burgh Castle and Kessingland.

4. Redgrave ; Mellis :— Weybread, H.B.C.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

3. P. tremula, Linn. Aspen*
Bab. Man. 333. Hook. St. Fl. 369,70. H. & S. 77. Top. Bot.

fiuff. E. and W.

Deciduous tree ; in woods. April.

Frequent in all the districts.

P. villosa, Lange.

Hook. St. Fl. 370. Lond. Cat. 1313.a.

1. Thurston || ; Hinderclay ; Pakenham ; Ixworth
Thorpe :— Ixworth, Hb. Blk. : — Felsham, Hb. Sk.

2. Wiston: — Clay don, Hb. Ly. 3. Benacre*

321

4. Eedgrave ; Burgate ; Dunwich. 5. Bergholt ||.

P. glabra, Syme.

Hook. St. Fl. 370. Lond. Cat. 1313.b.
1. Wicken ; Bardwell || ; Hinderclay ; Livermere.
3. Benacre. 4. Eedgrave Fen ; Wingfield.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. P. nigra, Linn. Black Poplar*

Bab. Man. 333. Hook. St. Fl. 370. H. & S. 77. Galp. 102.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. ? and W ?

Tall deciduous tree ; by rivers and hedgerows. March*
Frequent in all the districts ; usually planted.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

My Pica, Linn.

1. M. Gale, Linn. Sweet Gale*

Bab. Man. 333. Hook. St. Fl. 364. H. & S. 76. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. SufiE. E.

Small deciduous shrub ; in bogs. May.

1. Lakenheath Bog, near Wangford, 8k. ms. : — edge
of smaller pond, Amp ton.

3. Lound, Paget : — North Cove, Holmes : — Marshes,
directly South of Oulton Broad and Dyke, H. & 8. : — Barnby
Broad, Worlingham, E. E. Leach.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

Betula, Linn.

1. IB. VerniCOSa, Ehrh. B. alba, Linn. White Birch*

Bab. Man. 333,4. Hook. St. Fl. 366. H. & S. 76. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 104.

Deciduous tree ; on heaths and in woods. April, May*
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. 33. gllltinosa, Fries. Common Birch*
Bab. Man. 334. Hook. St. Fl. 366. Galp. 101.
Deciduous tree ; in heaths and woods. April, May.
1. Culford Heath || ; Icklingham ; Lakenheath: —

Fornham, H b. Ly.

4. Dunwich.

322

b. B. pubescens, Ehrli.

Bab. Man. 334. Hook. St.JFl. 366.
4. Eedgrave Fen 1 1 .

Earliest notice 1876. Hind.

Alnus, Tourn.

1_. A. gllltinosa, Gart. Common Alder.

Bab. Man. 334. Hook. St. Fl. 366. H. & S. 76. Hist. Yarm.
"Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 101.

Small deciduous tree ; by streams and in fens.
Common in all the districts. March.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Fag US, Linn.

.1. B1. silvatica, Linn. Common Beech*

Bab. Man. 334. Hook. St. Fl. 367. H. & S. 76. Top. Bot.
:Suff. E. and W. Galp. 101.

Large deciduous tree ; in woods. March, April.

1 . Troston || ; Honington ; Sapiston Grove ; Faken-
ham Wood ; Euston ; Bardwell ; Knettishall ; Thetford ;
Brandon ; Mildenhall ; Onehouse ; Harleston : — Pakenham,
Hb. Cas.

2. Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Bungay ; Burgh Castle ; Kessingland; Beccles.

4. Stuston ; Sibton.

5. Stutton ; Shrubland Park : — Gt. Dealings, Moor.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Castanea, Tourn.

[C. Vlllgaris, Lam. C. sativa, Mill. Sweet Chestnut.
Bab. Man. 334. Hook. St. Fl. App. 534. Galp. 101.
Large deciduous tree ; introduced. May.

1. Euston Park; Fakenham; Icklingham; Honing-
ton ||, introduced.

2. Polstead ; Stoke ; Long Melford.

3. Burgh Castle ; Benacre ; Worlingham : — Bungay,
Stock.

4. Weybread, H.B.C. :— Wortham, Collins :— Fres-
singfield, Galp.

323

5. Stutton ; Woolverstone ; Slirubland Park : — Gt»y
Bealings, Moor.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.]

Quercus, Linn.

1. Q. Hobur, Linn. Oak*

Bab. Man. 335. Hook. St. Fl. 367. H. & S. 76. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Gaip. 101.

Large deciduous timber tree ; in woods and hedgerows.

April, May.

a. Q. pedunculata, Elirli. A form of Quercus Eobur
var. pedunculata occurs at Honington, with long narrow fruit ;
at Fakenham, a form with pendulous branches ; and at Mel-
lis, a form with petiolate leaves (petioles f to -| inch), and
very long (4 to 5 inches) peduncles with scattered fruit.

Bab. Man. 335. Hook. St. Fl. 367.J

Frequent in all the districts.

c. Q. sessilijlora, Salisb.
Bab. Man. 335. Hook. St. Fl. 367.

1. Pakenham, Hbb. Cas. <£ Ek. :— Dalham Wood, Rev*
F. Tearle.

5. Gt Bealings, Moor.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Cory I us, Linn.

1. C. Avellana, Linn. Common Hazel*

Bab. Man. 335. Hook. St. Fl. 368. H. & S. 76. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 101.

Deciduous shrub ; in woods and hedges. March, ApriL
Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Carp in us, Linn.

1 C. Betulus, Linn. Hornbeam*

Bab. Man. 335. Hook. St. Fl. 368. H. & S. 75. Galp 101
Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W.

Large deciduous timber tree ; in woods and hedges.

May.
1. Fakenham ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Sapiston and One-

324

liouse : — Felsham, C.B. : — Barton, Hb. Blk. : — Hardwick,
Hb. Sk. : — Pakenhani andHaughley, Hb. Cas. : — Stowlang-
toft, Hb. Rk. : — Bury and Ixworth, H. & S. : — Santon Down-
ham, Norcjate.

%. Polstead || ; Acton : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Cock-
field, C.B.

3. Mettingham ; Fritton ; Lound ; Kessingland : —
Bungay, Stock : — St. Margarets, Q-alp.

4. Darsham ; Bendham ; Sibton : — Gt. Glemham,
JE.N.B.

. 5. Shrubland Park : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Bergholt,
H. <& S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

GYMNOSPERM/C.
CONIFER/C.

Tax US, Linn.
1. T. baccata, Linn. Yew.

Bab. Man. 336. Hook. St. Fl. 380,1. H. & S. 78. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Evergreen tree ; in woods. March, April.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Fakenham ; Livermere ; Ampton ;
Bradwell ; Walsham ; Shelland.

2. Long Melford and Stoke : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Burgh Castle. 4. Sibton Abbey.

5. Woolverstone :— Gt. Bealings, Moor.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Juniperus, Linn.

1. J. COmmunis, Linn. Common Juniper.

Bab. Man. 337. Hook. St. Fl. 380. H. & S. 78. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Evergreen shrub ; on dry hills. May.

1. Ickworth Park, Hb. Sk. : — Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle :
— Ampton, probably introduced.

Very rarely, if at all native in Suffolk.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Gullum.

325
Pin US, Linn.

1. P. silvestris, Linn. Scotch Pine.

Bab. Man. 337. Hook. St. Fl. 380. H. & S. 78. Galp. 103.

Evergreen timber tree ; on heaths and moors ; and
as remains have been found in ancient forest beds,' it is
an aboriginal species in Suffolk ; although there may be no
existing trees, which can be correctly termed indigenous.
The species is constantly reproduced spontaneously in spots,
where it is likely to attain full size and maturity. May, Jun.
1. Troston||; Elveden; West Stow ; Cavenham ; Tud-
denham ; Mildenhall ; Lakenheath ; Knettishall ; Thelne-
tham ; Stowlangtoft.

2. Polstead : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Burgh Castle ; Belton ; Beccles : — Benacre, Sk. ms. :
— Homersfield, Galp.

4. Redgrave.

5. Stutton ; Shrubland Park : — Gt. Bealings, Moor.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

t MONOCOTYLEDONES.

TRILLIACE/C.

Paris, Linn.

I. P. quadrifolia, Linn. Herb Paris.

Bab. Man. 338. Hook. St. Fl. 413. H. & S. 87. Hist. Bury.
•Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp woods ; leaves vary
from 3 to 6. May.

1. Pakenham || : — The Link, Rougham, Hb. Blk. : —
Clopton Grove, Woolpit, Hb. F. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :
— Felsham Wood, C.B. : — Woods at Rushbrooke and Great
Saxham, Sir T. G-. Cullum : — Dalham and Gazeley Woods,
Sk. ms. : — Onehouse Wood, Mrs. Terry.

2. Wadgall's Wood, Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Hitcham,
Prof. Hens. :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Poslingford, Hb.Ly.i—
Boxted, Miss Lij.

3. Bungay, H.SS. 4. Burgate Wood, 0. J. Ashfteld.
5. Gosbeck, T.B. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes : —

Marking, F. W. Peck : — Prestley Wood, Barking, Miller.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

326

DIOSCOREACE/C.

Tamus, Linn.

1. T. COmmunis, Linn. Black Bryony.

Bab. Man. 338. Hook. St. Fl. 401. H. &S. 86. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 107.

Climbing herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedges.

May, June.

1. Fakenham || ; Honington ; Troston ; Ixworth ;
Pakenham ; Thelnetham ; Onehouse : — The Link, Eougham,
Hb. Blk. :— Norton, Hb. Cas. :— Thurston, Hb. Sk. -.—Wai-
sham, Hb. Dun. : — Hardwick, E. Sk. : — Bury, Mb. Ly.

2. Stoke and Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Lit.
Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Mettingham; Lound; Hopton; Kessingland; Ben-
acre : — Bungay, Stock : — Fritton, Paget : — Gorleston, Phyt.
1862 :— Flixton, E. Sk.

4. Burgate ; Mellis ; Darsham : — Wortham Green,
C. J. Ashfield : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Great Glemham,
E.N.B.

5. Felixstowe : — Ipswich, Ips. Port/. : — Gt. Bealings,
Moor : — Grundisburgh, T. H. : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Ash-
bocking, F.C.S. : — Wherstead, Haward.

Absent from the Breck country.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

HYDROCHARIDACE>£.

Hydrocharis, Linn.
1. H. Morsus-ranae, Linn. Froy-bit.

Bab. Man. 339. Hook. St. Fl. 381,2. H. & S. 83. Hist. Yarm".
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 104.

Herbaceous perennial ; in ponds and ditches.

July, August.

1. Ixworth Thorpe Carr || ; Bardwell ; Sapiston ;
Fakenham ; Thelnetham ; Lakenheath : — Bury, Hb. Sk. : —
Fornham, Hb. Blk. : — between Barton Mills and Mildenhall,
Hb, F. :— Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle :— Tuddenham, E. Sk. :—
Cavenham, 8k. ms.

2. Nayland : — Wiston, Gray : — Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

327

3> Beccles; St. Olaves; Kessingland; Benacre: — Bun-
gay, Stock :— Southwold, H bb. Cas. & Rk. :— Belton, Phyt.
1862: — Lowestoft, Miss Jeffes. : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Eedgrave ; Wortham Green; Stuston ; Oakley and
Dunwich : — Aldringham, Hb. Cas. : — Framlingham ; Farn-
ham and Snape, E.N.B. : — Weybread Mill ; Mendham, G-alp.

5. Ipswich, Ips. Port/. : — Shelley, F. Spalding: — Aide-
burgh, J/t7Zer :— Orford :— St. Olaves, C.A.W.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Stratiotes, Linn.

1. S. aloides, Linn. Water Soldier.

Bab. Man. 339. Hook. St. Fl. 382. H. & S. 83. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Dot. SufE. B. and W. Galp. 104.

Herbaceous perennial ; in ditches and ponds. July.

1. Brandon, H. & S.

3. St. Olaves || ; Belton ; Fritton Decoy : — Ditches
near Bungay and Worlingham, Woodward: — Bradwell, Wiyg :
— Homersfield, H.B.C. :— Benacre Broad, E.N.B. :— Somer-
leyton, H. & S. : — Beccles and Barnby, Sk. ms. : — Eoos Hall
Marshes, Beccles, R. E. Leach.

4. Castle Ditch, Framlingham, Crabbe : — Wortham,
Collins.

5. Lowdham Hall Mere, Crabbe : — Baylham, F. Fox.
Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

Anacharis, Rich.

*1. A. Alsinastriim, Bab. Elodea canadcnsis, Michx.
Water Thyme.

Bab. Man. 339,40. Hook. St. Fl. 382. H. & S. 82. Galp. 104.

Herbaceous perennial ; in ponds, ditches, sluggish rivers
and streams. This plant, first seen in a wild state in Great
Britain in 1842, has spread with amazing rapidity throughout
the country, and is now found in most parts of it. Its native
home is North America. July, September.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Thetford ; Barnham ; Euston;
Fakenham • Troston ; Livermere ; Lakenheath : — Barton

, Mills, Hb. F. :— Lackford Bridge, Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall,
SirC.J.F.B. :— Tuddenham and Icklingham, WJ.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

328

3. Bungay ; Beccles ; St. Olaves ; Kessingland ; Ben-
acre : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Stuston ; Walberswick.

5. Holbrooke : — Bramford, F. Fox.
Earliest notice 1855. Prof. Henslow.

ORCHIDACE>E.

Orchis, Linn.

1. O. Morio. Helmet, or Green-winged Orchis..

Bab. Man. 343. Hook. St. Fl. 390. H. & S. 84. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 105.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures.

May, June..

1. Ixworth -Thorpe || ; Bardwell ; Coney Weston;
Barnham Heath ; West Stow :— Rougham, Hb. Ek. :— Wai-
sham, H b. Dun. : — Market Weston, Gray : — Barton and
Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Hardwick, E. Sk. :— Bradfield,
Hb. Ly.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Nayland, Gray: — Cockfield,,
W.J. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Stoke-by-Clare and Acton,
J.F.W.

3. Belton, Paget :— Oulton, E. Sk.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Gt. Glemham, &c.,E.N.B. :
— Huntingfield, Holland : — Rishangles, H b. Peck. : — Pal-
grave and Thrandeston, Collins.

5. Otley, K.N.B. : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. :— Freston, W.L.N. :— Wherstead, Haward-.—
Hemingstone, T.B.

A plant in Hb. F., collected at Rattlesden || June 8, 1854,
has its inflorescence in a corymb three inches across.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. O. masCTlla, Linn. Early purple Orchis^

Bab. Man. 343. Hook. St. Fl. 389. H.&S.84. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W. Galp. 105.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and thickets. May..

Frequent in all the districts.

A form of this plant having no spur, 0. discalcarata>
has been kindly forwarded from Norton || in 1884,5, & 6, by
Mr. J. Rasor, of Woolpit.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

329

6. O. UStulata, Linn. Dwarf Orchis*..

Bab. Man. 344. Hook. St. Fl. 390. H. & S. 84. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. SufE. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on chalky banks. June.

1 . 'In and near the large plantation of Scotch firs
before you come to Cavenham, chalky and dry,' Sir J. Cul-
lum : — Eisby Heath ||, Hb. Sk. : — Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle: —
Newmarket Heath, Ms. Davy.

Earliest record 1st June, 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

7. O- maculata, Linn. Spotted Orchis...

Bab. Man. 344. Hook. St. Fl. 390. H. «fe S. 84. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 105.
Herbaceous perennial ; in moist pastures and heaths.
Common in all the districts. May, June..

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

8. O. latifolia, Linn. Marsh Orchis..

Bab. Man. 345. Hook. St. Fl. 390. H. & S. 84. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 105.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist meadows. May, June.

1 . Hopton || ; Bardwell ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Fakenham :
— Pakenham, Hb.Cas.: — Market Weston Fen, Gray. —
Mildenhall, Hb.Blk. :— Tuddenham Bog, W.J.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Washdall Wood, Thurlow,
Hb.F.

3. Belton, Phyt. 1862 :— Oulton, E. Sk. :— St. Mar-
garets, Galp.

4. Dunwich : — Eedgrave Fen, Hb. Dun. : — Framling-
]a&m,Crabbe : — Thwa,ike,Hb.Peck: — Weybread Marshes, Galp.

5. Needham Market, E.Clowes: — Ipswich, W.L.N. :.
— Woodbridge, H.M.S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

9. O. incamata, Linn. Late Purple Orchis*.
Bab. Man. 345. Hook. St. Fl. 390. Galp. 105.
Herbaceous perennial ; in fens and swampy meadows.

June.

1. Thelnetham | ; Hopton Fen 1 1 ; Bardwell 1 1 ; Sapis-
ton 1 1 ; Troston ; Tuddenham ; West Stow : — old pastures
round Felsham Hall Wood, Dr. White.

2. Swampy Meadows, Long Melford.

330

3. St. Margarets, H.B.C.

4. Sweffling ; Gt.Glemham, E.N.B. : — meadows near
^Weybread Mill, Galp.

b. 0. anyustifolia, Bab.

1, Hop ton Fen 1 1. 4. Redgrave Fen.

First notice 1860. Dr. White.

10. O- pyramidalis, Linn. Pyramidal Orchis.

Bab. Man. 345. Hook. St. Fl. 391. H.& S. 84. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 105.

Herbaceous perennial ; in chalky pastures. July.

1. Bradfield St. Clare, C.B. :— Barton, Hb. Elk. : —
Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Stanton, Hb. Cas. : — Clopton Grove, Rat-
tlesden, Mrs. Parker : — Woolpit, F. : — Wordwell, Sk. ms. :—
Felsham, H. & S. : — Haughley : — Fornham, Hb. Ly.

2. Acton :— Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :
— Melford, J.F.W.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Flixton, Galp. : — Gorton, Hb. Salm.

4. Burgate, C. J. Ashfteld : — Framlingham, Crabbe : —
Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Huntingfield, Holland :— Yaxley,
Sewell : — Mendham ; Hoxne, Galp. : — Brockford, Hb. Peck :
— Mendlesham, Hb. Salm.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H.: — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Ash-
bocking, F.C.S. : — Needham Market : — Little Blakenham,
Haward : — Ipswich and Bramford, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

11. O. Mrcina, Scop. Lizard Orchis.
Bab. Man. 345. Hook. St. Fl. 391. H. & S. 84. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on chalky heaths ; very rare.

May.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. in Phyt., O.S. vol. n. 782 &
942, vol. m. ii. ; also, Phyt. N.S. 1858, p. 557. We have
seen Mr. Bloomfield's specimen, which is now in the posses-
sion of Prof. C. C. Babington. It occurred on gravelly soil.
Found 1847. Rev. E. N. Bloomfield.

Gymnadenia, E. Broivn.

1. GK Conopsea, R. Broivn. Habenaria Conopsca, Benth.
Fragrant Gymnadenia.

Bab. Man. 346. Hook. St. Fl. 393,4. H. & S. 84. His*. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. K. and W.

331

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist meadows and fens.
Occurs in all the districts. June, July..

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Aceras, E. Broion.

1. A. anth.ropOph.ora, R. Brown. Green-man Orchis.

Bab. Man. 346. Hook. St. Fl. 392. H. & S. 85. Hist. Bury
Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Galp. 105.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry chalky pastures. June.

1. Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum : — Lit. Saxham, Sir T. G-.
Cullum: — Bougham, Hb. Elk. : — Gt. Welnetham, Mrs. Carssi
— Stanton, Hbb. Cas. $ Pik. : — Ickworth, Sir J. E. Smith :: —
Fakenham Wood, Miss Bridgman : — Eattlesden, Mrs. Parker:
— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Drinkstone, F.

2. Rede, Hb. Ly. :— Hitcham, Hbb. Hens. <& SJc. : —
Rookseye Green, Cockfield, W.J.: — Whepstead, Hb. Turn.

3. The Grove, Bungay, Holmes.

4. Sternfield, E.N.B. :— Old Clay-pit, Westleton, F.
Spaldingi — Aspall, Mrs. Preston: — Mendham, Rev. H. Tilneyi
— Redgrave Fen, Collins : — Yoxford, Ms. Davy.

5. Blakenham, Hb. F. :— Claydon || and Bramford, T. B. :
— Baylham, Rev. Colville : — Akenham, Dr. Taylor : — Little
Blakenham, Haward.

Earliest record 1778. Sir J. Cullum.

Habenaria, E. Brown.

1. "FT. viridis, R. Brown. Frog Orchis.

Bab. Man. 346,7. Hook. St. Fl. 394. H. <fe S. 85. Hist. Franu
Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 106.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist pastures. June, July. .
Distributed in all the districts, but not frequent.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. H. bifolia, R. Brown. Field Butterfly Orchis..

Bab. Man. 347. Hook. St. Fl. 395. H. & S. 85. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 106.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pastures and heaths. The
older localities are omitted as possibly referring to H. chlor-
antha. June, July.

1. Troston ; Fakenham :— Westley, Hb. Sk. :— Rat-
tlesden, Mrs. Parker : — near Barton Mere and Briar's Wood,
Hawstead, Sir T. G. Cullum.

332

2. Cavendish ||, J.F.W. :— Sudbury, J. S. H. :— Cock-
field, W.J.

3. Hemstead, W. M. Crowfoot.

4. Weybread and Mendham, H.B.C. : — Huntingfield,
Holland.

5. Gosbeck, T.B. : — Needham Market, E. Clowes.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

-3. H. chlorantha, Bab. H. chloroleuca, Ridley.

Wood Butterfly Orchis.

Bab. Man. 347. Hook. St. Fl. 395. Hist. Bury? Galp. 106.
"Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and thickets.

May, June.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Stanton : — Pakenham Wood,
Hb. Sk. : — Tostock, Mrs. Terry : — Hardwick and Felsharn
Wood, Sk. ins.

2. Cockfield and Plumpton Wood, C.B. :— Hart Wood,
Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Bungay, Sk. ms. : — Flixton, Galp. : — Gunton Hall
Woods, (r. Clowes in Hb. Geld.

4. Sternfield, Rev. J. Longe : — Theberton, T.W.G.:—
Gt. Glemham, E.X.B. :— Wortham, Collins.

First notice 1855. T. W. Gissing.

Ophrys, Linn.

1. O. apifera, Huds. Bee Orchis.

Bab. Man. 347. Hook. St. Fl. 392. H. & S. 85. Hist. Fram.
'Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 106.

Herbaceous perennial ; more frequently on chalky soil.

June, July.

1. Haughley and Thurston || :— Barton, Hb. Blk. : —
Hardwick, Hb. Sk. : — Langham, Hb. Dun. : — Stowlano-toffc,
Hb. Rk. :— Bradfield St. Clare, C.B. :— Stanton, Hb. Cas. :
— Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum: — about Bury, Sir T. Gr. Cullum:

— Rattlesden, Mrs. Parker : — Ickworth and Drinkstone,
H. & S. : — Horringer, Sk. ms. : — Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle : —
Hinderclay, fide C.B.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Thurlow,
Hb. F. :— Kede, Hb. Turn. :— Sudbury, Fulcher :— Railway-

338

cutting, Clare, J.F.W. : — Naughton, H. S S. : — near Pos-
lingford, Dale.

3. Bungay, Stock : — St. Margarets, Holmes: — Oulton
and Flixton, H. & S. : — Brampton, F. Turner : — Gorton,
Hb. Salm.

4. Westleton Decoy || : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : —
Huntingfield, Holland & Ms. Davy : — Burgate, C. J. Ashfield:
— Halesworth, Miss Uhthojf: — Yoxford, Davy: — Framling-
ham, Crabbe:— Weybread, #.£.<?.:— Middleton, F.Spalding:
— Aspall, Mrs. Preston : — Wetheringsett, Hb. Peck : — Men-
dlesliam, Hb. Salm.

5. Otley, E.N.B. : — Gt. Bealings, Moor : — Grundis-
burgh, T.H. : — Baylham, Trimmer : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — •
Ashbocking, F.C.S.: — Gosbeck, F.Fox: — Bramford, Ha-
warcl : — Ipswich, Miller : — Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1690. Dale.

[2. O. araclmites, Ptfichard. Late Spider Orchis.

Bab. Man. 347. Hook. St. Fl. 392.
Herbaceous perennial ; on chalky pastures.

April to June.

1. Near Bury, Eng. Fl. Supposed to be a mistake,
H. C. Watson, 1800.]

3. O. aranifera, Huds. Spider Orchis.

Bab. Man. 347,8. Hook. St. Fl. 392. H. & S. 85. Hist. Bury,
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on chalky soil ; rare. Apr., May.

1. Westley Bottom; Gt. & Lit. Saxham ; near Sick-
lesmere, Sir T. G. Outturn : — Pastures about Ickworth and
Kennett, H. & S.

2. Pastures at Chevington, H. & 8.
Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

4. O. muscifera, Huds. Fly Orchis.

Bab. Man. 348. Hook. St. Fl. 393. H. & S. 85. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 106.

Herbaceous perennial ; in chalky thickets and pastures.

May, June.

1. Near Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum: — Hunston and Ick-
worth, Hb. Rk. : — Pakenham, Hbb. Cas.&Dun. : — Rattles-

334

den, Mrs. Parker : — Ixworth, Mrs. Littlewood : — Thurston,
H. & S. : — Ampton, Rev. A. L. Williams.

2. Bull's Wood, Thorpe, Cockfield ||, C.B. :— Posling-
ford, Dale in Ray : — Melford and Clare, J.F.W. : — Hitcham,
Prof. Hens. : — Eookseye Green, Dr. White : — Chevington,
Hb. Sk. :— Polstead, F. Spalding :— Naughton, H. & S.

3. All Saints, Southelmiiam, H.B.C. :— Bungay, G.
Fitt ? in Hb. Geld.

4. Gt. Glemham, Crabbe : — Burgate, C. J. AsJifield : —
Aspall, Mrs. Preston.

5. Alexander's Farm, Burstall, and Sproughton, Dr.
Taylor :— Baylham, Miss A. Turner, Hb. F. :— Barking, T.B. :
Gosbeck, F.Fox: — Needliam Market, E. Clowes: — Wood-
bridge, Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1690. Dale.

Herminium, E. Brown.

1. H. MonorchlS, ft. Brown. Musk Orchis.

Bab. Man. 348. Hook. St. Fl. 393. H. & S. 85. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on chalky soil ; rare.

June, July.

1. In a chalk-pit near Sicklesmere and at Lit. Saxham, ,
Sir T. G. Cullum :— Bury, Winch.

Earliest record 1779. Sir T. G. Cullum.

Spiranthes, Bich.

1. S. ailtlimnalis, Rich. Lady's Tresses.

Bab. Man. 348. Hook. St. Fl. 386. H. & S. 84. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 105.

Small herbaceous perennial ; in chalky or gravelly
pastures. August, September.

1. EustonPark ||, Hb. F. :— Haughley Park, Hb.Rk.:
— Ickworth, Hb.Sk.:— Woolpit, D. Parker :— Mildenhall, Sir
C.J.F.B. :— Dalham, Rev. F. Tearle :— Shelland Green, J.
Rasor : — near Felsham Wood, Dr. White : — on the turf be-
tween Hawstead and Whepstead, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Gaze-
ley, E. 8k. :— Bradfield, Eev. P. Lathbury.

2. Cockfield ||, W.J. :— Sudbury, J.S.H. :— Groton,
fl". & S. :— Clare, Ger.

3. Bungay, Stock :— St. Margarets & All Saints (E . A.H)

335

and Flixton, G-alp :— on the lawn, Frostenden Grove, Rev.
E. L Hickling.

4. Lit. Glemham, E.N.B. : — near Easton & Cranford,
Crabbe : — Wortham Ling, C. J. Ashfteld : — Saxmundliam,
Mrs. Toller.

Earliest record 1597. Gerarde.

Listera, R. 'Brown.

1. L. OVata, R. Brown. Tway-blade.

Bab. Man. 349. Hook. St. Fl. 385. H. & S. 83. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 104.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and fens. May, June.
Frequent in all the districts. Abnormal form with four
leaves from Burgate Wood || 1885.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Neottia, Linn.

1. 1ST. Nidus-avis. Rich. Bird's-nest Orchis.

Bab. Man. 349. Hook. St. Fl. 385. H.&S.83. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; leafless ; in shady woods.

June.

1. Ixworth Thorpe :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Rk. :•— The
Link ; Woods at Rushbrooke, Gt. and Lit. Saxham, Sir T.
G. Cullum : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Woolpit and Drink-
stone, F. : — Rattlesden, Mrs. Parker: — Onehouse, Rev. R.
Forby : — Hard wick and Felsham Wood, Sk.ms. : — Fakenham,
Blk. in Hb. Salm.

2. Nayland :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Cockfield 1 1 ,
W.J. :— Trundley Wood, Gt Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Wiston,

:— Whepstead, C.B.

3. Chediston : — Frostenden Grove, Rev. E. L. Hickling.

4. Burgate Wood, (J. J. Aslifield: — Gt. Glemham,
E.N.B. : — in the way to Easton ; Parham, Crabbe : — Dars-
ham, F. Spal cling : — Redgrave, Collins.

5. A Ideburgli, Thos. Nartyn:— Stutton, Sir C.J.F.B. :
Barking, T.B. : — Gosbeck, F. Fox : — Needham Market, E.
Clowes.

Earliest record 1763. T. Martyn.

336

E pi pact is, Rich.

1. E. latifolia, All. Broad-leaved Helleborine*.

Bab. Man. 349,50. Hook. St. Fl. 388. H. & S. 83. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Galp. 105.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. July, August.

1. Sapiston Grove; Coney Weston : — Fakenham ||,
E. B. French in Hb. F.

2. Cockfield, C.B.

3. Woods, North Cove, Holmes :— Flixton, Hb. Sk. :
— Bungay, PagetinHb. Geld.

4. Heveningham, Ms. Davy.

Earliest record 1562. Dr. W. Turner.

5. E- palustris, Sw. Marsh Helleborine.

Bab. Man. 350. Hook. St. Fl. 388. H. & S. 83. Hist. Yarm,
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs and fens. July, Aug.

1. Hopton Fen || ; Coney and Market Weston, and
Thelnetham Fens :— Lackford Bog, Hbb. Elk. & Rk. :— Tud-
denham Common, Hb. 8k. : — ' Undby Common, between
Mildenhall aixd Lakenlieatli,' Sir C.J.F.B.

3. North Cove and Barnby, Holmes : — Breydon Water,
Phyt. 1862 : — Lowestoft and Bungay, H. & S.

4. Eedgrave Fen : — Wortham, Collins.
Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

Cephalanthera, Rich.

[C. ensifolia, Rich. Serapias longifolia, Huds., is

given in E.G. as a Suffolk plant ; ' about Bury, Sir T. G-.
Cullum.' A second station at foot of Bungay Bath Hills, is.
in Norfolk. 1804.]

Malaxis, Sw.

1. M. paludosa, Sw. Bog Orchis*

Bab. Man. 351,2. Hook. St. FL 384. H. & S. 83. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs ; rare. Aug., Sep.

Specimen in Hb. Sk., without locality, from F. K. Eagle.

3. Belton Common, D. Turner : — Ashby Warren, Rev*
G. R. Leathes in Paget : — Herringfleet, Leathes in Hb. Rk.

337

4. Eedgrave Fen, Collins.

Earliest notice 1834. Eev. G. E. Leathes.

Sturmia, Reichen.

1. S. Loeselii, Reich. Liparis Lceselii, Eich*

Two -leaved Liparis.

Bab. Man. 352. Hook. St. Fl. 384. H. & S. 83. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

1. Thelnetham Fen 1 1 : — Tuddenham, Sir T. G. Cullum,
Hb. 8k., & Phyt.,fide Sir C.J.F.B., coll. E. Skepper. •— La-
kenheath, H. & S.

4. Eedgrave Fen 1 1 , C. J. AsJifteld.

Earliest notice 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

IRIDACE/E.

Iris, Linn.

1. T. Pseudacorus, Linn. Yellow Flag.
Bab. Man. 353. Hook. St. Fl. 397,8. H. & S. 86. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 107.

Herbaceous perennial ; by ditches and in wet places.
Common in all the districts. June, July*

a. I. Pseuducorus, Linn.
1. Ampton||; Knettishall.

b. I. acoriformis, Bor.

Bab. Man. 353. Hook. St. Fl. 398.

1 . Boggy pasture at Santon Downham ; Troston ; Ix-
worth Thorpe ||.

4. Hoxne. 5. Woodbridge, Hb. Ly.

1. Bastardiy Bor.
Bab. Man. 353. Hook. St. Fl. 398.
1. Knettishall Common ||. 2. Lit. Bradley, Hb. F+

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. I. foetidissima, Linn. Gladwin. Fetid Iris.

Roast-beef Plant.

Bab. Man. 353. Hook. St. FL 398. H. & S. 86. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 106.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and thickets.

May to July-

338

1. Hawstead, J. Gedge : — near Bury, Sir T, G Cullum.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Long Melford ||, J.F.W. :
— Naughton, H. & 8. : — Thriify Wood, Lawshall, Sk. ms. : —
Nedging, Rev. T. 8. J. Harris.

3. Bungay, Stock :— Flixton, H.B.C.

4. Rishangles and Brockford, C. W. Peck :— Gt. Glem-
ham and Friston, E.N.B. : — Blythburgh, Letheringham,
Thorington and Sibton, Ms. Davy : — On clay-banks and dit-
ches about Easton, on way to Parliam, Crabbe.

5. Boulge, Moor: — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Offton,
^ET. & 8.

Earliest record 1804. Sir T. G. Cullum.

Crocus, Linn.

1. C. vermiS, Willd. Spring Crocus.

Bab. Man. 354. Hook. St. Fl. 397.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows. '-March.

1. Barton, Hb. Cas. & Ms. Davy.

3. ' The Osier Ground at Beccles, but sparingly,'
Crabbe.

5. In a meadow at Grundisburgh, F. Fox.
Earliest record 1805. Rev. G. Crabbe.

([C. argenteus, Sal. C. biflorus, Mill. Silvery Crocus.

Bab. Man. 354,5. Hook. St. Fl. App. 534.

Herbaceous perennial, from former cultivation. March.

1. 'On the site of an old garden at Barton ||, Suff.,*
Bab. Man. In Hbb. Blk., Sk., & Ly. Has been plentiful as
long as the late Sir C. J. F. Bunbury and his father have
known the place. 1830 ? Sir C. J. F. Bunbury.]

[C. aureilS, Sibth. Golden Crocus.

Bab. Man. 355. Hook. St. Fl. App. 534.

Herbaceous perennial, from former cultivation. March.

1. Barton || ; 'with the preceding,' Bab. Man. In
"Hbb. Blk., Cas., Sk., & Ly.

See remarks on preceding plant. 1830 ? Sir C. J. F.
jBunbury.]

339

AMARYLLIDACE/C.

Narcissus, Linn.

tl. N. bifLorus, Curt. Two-jiowered Narcissus...

Bab. Man. 355. Hook. St. Fl. 399. Galp. 107.
Herbaceous perennial ; in sandy fields. April, May.

1. Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Ditch
in Rattlesden, Mrs. Parker ; likely a garden outcast : — Hen-
grave, G.R.L. in Hb. Salm.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. St. Margarets, ' From time immemorial,' Holmes :
— Oulton, McAub.

5. Barking Wood, Hb. Jeffes.

Earliest notice 1824. Sir C. J. F. Bunbury.

t2. 3ST. poeticus, Linn. Poetic Narcissus*.

Bab. Man. 355. Hook. St. Fl. App. 534.
Herbaceous perennial ; usually a garden stray. May.
1. Bury, Hb. Sk. 3. Cove, W. Jacobson.

5. Hemley, Holmes.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.]

[JV. incomparalilis, Mill. N. lobularis, Schult. ' In a
paddock at the Manor House, &c., Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.
Of course only a garden stray.' 1824. Sir C. J. F. Bunbury.]

3. N. Pseudo-narcissus, Linn. Daffodil.

Bab. Man. 355. Hook. St. Fl. 399. , H. & S. 86. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and pastures.

March, ApriL

1. Fakenham Wood || :— Gt. Welnetham, Hb. Sk. :—
Rougham, W.J. : — Tostock, F. : — Woolpit, Mrs. Parker : —
Horringer and Pakenham Wood, H. & S. : — Bury, Sk.ms.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Rede, Hb. Turn. : — Nay-
land, Gray.

3. Herringfleet, D. Turner : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Saxmundham, H. & S. ; Yoxford ; Brick-kiln Farm,
Westleton, F. Spalding : — Rishangles, Hb.Peck: — Ricking-
liall, Collins :— Sternfield ; Knodishall, Mrs. Toller.

5. Greeting, T.B. : — Great Bealings, Moor: — Little
Blakenham, Haward : — a few roots at Bentley and Wher-

340

;stead in woods, Miller : — near Campsey Ash.
Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

Leucojum, Linn.

1. L. aestivum. Linn. Summer Snow flake.

Bab. Man. 356. Hook. St. Fl. 400. H. & S. 86.

Herbaceous perennial ; pastures. May.

5. 'A troublesome weed in pastures at Little Stonham,"
Mrs. Cobbold: — Sp. in Hb. Borrer&i Kew, A.B. : — near Gt.
Bealings' Church, F. Spalcliny.

Earliest record 1800. Mrs. Cobbold.

Galanthus, Linn.

1. Gr. nivalis, Linn. Snowdrop.

Bab. Man. 356. Hook. St. PL 400. H.&S.86. Galp. 107.

Herbaceous perennial ; in thickets ; likely a garden
stray. February, March.

1. Tostock, F. : — Casual plants at Sapiston, Troston,
Livermere and Ix worth.

3. Flixton Long Plantation, Holmes : — Oulton, McAub*

4. Hedges at Laxfield, in the greatest profusion, D.
Turner : — Yoxford ; Middleton ; Westleton, Davy : — Theber-
ton, F. Spalding: — Weybread, Galp.

5. Coddenham, Miss Jeffes.

Earliest record 1805. Davy and Dawson Turner.

ALISMACE/E.

Alisma, Linn.

1. A. PlantagO, Linn. Water Plantain*

Bab. Man. 357. Hook. St. FL 427. H. & S. 82. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 112.

Herbaceous perennial ; at the side of rivers and in ponds
and ditches. July, August.

Frequent in all the districts.

b. A. lanceolatum, With.
Bab. Man. 357. Hook. St. Fl. 427.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Sapiston; Thel-
netham ; Cavenham ; Santon Downham ; Mildenhall : —

341

Hawstead, E. 8. Marshall.

2. Nayland and Acton.

3. Beccles ; Bungay and Belton : — Oulton, McAub.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. A. ranunCTlloides, Linn. Lesser Water Plantain.

Bab. Man. 357,8. Hook. St. Fl. 427. H. & S. 82. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 112.

Herbaceous perennial ; edge of lakes, pools and ditches.

June, July.

1 . Mildenhall 1 1 ; Lakenheath ; Ixworth Thorpe ;
Sapiston ; Market Weston : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Tud-
denham, Hb. Sk. :— Eriswell, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Lackfdrd
Bridge and Livermere Park, Sir T. G. Cullum : — Ampton,
Gray :— Coney Weston, E.F.L.

3. Bungay; Carlton Colville: — Lowestoft, Dr. Trimen :
— Oulton, McAub : — Lound and Hopton, Wigg : — Somerley-
ton, H. & S. : — Fritton, Sk.ms. : — Barsham Marshes, R. E.
Leach : — Belton, J. Priest in Hb. Geld.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Stratford St. Andrews,
E.N.B. :— Wingfield, Holmes :— Eedgrave Fen, C. J. Ashfteld :
• — Hoxne, Galp.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Actinocarpus, R. Brown.

1. A. Damasonium, R. Brown. Damasonium

stellatuw,, Pers. Thrumwort.

Bab. Man. 358. Hook. St. Fl. 427,8. H. & S. 82. Top. Bot.
-Sufi3. E. ?

Herbaceous perennial ; in ponds and ditches ; rare.

June, July.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe. Now extinct.
Earliest notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

Sagittaria, Linn.

J. S. sagittifolia, Linn. Arrowhead.

Bab. Man. 358. Hook. St. Fl. 428. H. & S. 82. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Sufi. E. and W. Galp. 112.

Herbaceous perennial ; in rivers, ponds and ditches.

August.

1. Bury; Ixworth; Bardwell ; Sapiston ; Honington || ;
Fakenham ; E us ton ; Knettishall ; West Stow ; Barton
Mills ; Lakenheath :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Stow-
langtoft, We. :— Tuddenham, E. Sk.

342

2. Nayland and Stoke : — Long Melford, C.B. : — Ker-
sey, E.F.L.

3. Beccles; Kessingland; Gorleston : — Bungay , Stock :
— Oulton, E. Sk. : — Worlingham, H. G. Glasspoole in Hb.
Geld.

4. Stuston: — Oakley, Hb. Gas. : — Framlingham, Crabbei
— Gt. Glemham ; Snape and Farnham, E.N.B.

5. Ipswich, Ips. Port/. : — Barking, T.B. : — Baylham,
F. Fox : — Needliam Market, E. Clowes : — The Gipping,
Miller :— Uiford, Ms. Davy.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Butomus, Linn.

1 33. limbellatus, Linn. Flowering Rush.

Bab. Man. 358. Hook. St. Fl. 428. H. & S. 81,2. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 112.

Herbaceous perennial ; in rivers, ponds and ditches.

June, July.

1. Fakenham || ; Honington ; Sapiston; Bardwell;,
Norton ; Thelnetham ; Livermere : — Bury ; Stowlangtoft,
Hb. Ek. :— Hawstead, Hb. Ly. :— Mildenhall Fens, Sir C.J.
F.B. : — The River at Shelland, near Stowmarket.

2. Nayland :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Sudbury, J.8.H. :—
Melford Park, J.F.W :— Hadleigh, F. Spalding :— Clare,
C.B.

3. Beccles; Worlingham: — Bungay, Woodward: —
Waveney Ditches, Holmes : — Oulton, McAub. : — Burgh Castle,
H. G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

4. Blythburgh : — Framlingham, Crabbe & E.N.B. : —
Stemfield, E.N.B. :— Hoxne ; Mendham, Galp. :— Westle-
ton, Ms. Davy : — Oakley, Collins : — plentiful at Langham
Bridge, between Farnham and Blaxhall, E.N.B.

5. The Ffynn, Martlesham Bridge, Moor : — Woodbridge,
H.M.S. :— Ufford, F. Spalding :— Barking, T.B. :— Burstall,
F. Fox :— Bramford ; Ipswich, W.L.N. : — Sproughton, Ha-
ward :— Blaxhall, E.N.B. :— The Gipping, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Triglochin, Linn.

1. T. maritimum, Linn. Sea Arrow Grass.

Bab. Man. 359. Hook. St. Fl. 430. H. <fe S. 82. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

343

Herbaceous perennial ; in muddy salt marshes. .

July, August.

3. Burgh Castle ; Breydon Water ; Benacre : — Lowes-
toft, Hb. Sk. :— Southwold, Hb. Ly.

4. Dunwich || ; Blythburgh ; Walberswick ; Thorpe.

5. Walton ; Stutton ; Chelmondiston : — Aldeburgh,
Hb. F. :— Catawade, Hb. Mg. :— Orford, E.N.B. :— Earns-
.holt, Sir J. Cullum.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. T. palustre, Linn. Marsh Arrow Grass.

Bab. Man. 359. Hook. St. Fl. 430. H. & S. 82. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 112.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes. June, July.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

| ASPARAGACE/E.

Asparagus, Linn.

1. A. officinalis, Common Asparagus.

Bab. Man. 359,60. Hook. St. F]. 403. H. & S. 87. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; sea coast ; rare. August.

a. ' A. prostratus, Dun. Native of Cornwall and Wales.
b. A. campestris. An occasional escape from cultivation.

2. Cockfield, W.J.

3. In a gravel-pit at Bradwell 1 1 : — Oulton, McAub. :— -
Ellough, Ms. Davy.

4. Thorpe, Hb. F. :— Hedge-bank, Weybread, H.B.C.

5. Aldeburgh, Moor ! : — Orford, F. Spalding : — Felix-
stowe, Haward.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Convallaria, Linn.

1. C. majalis, Linn. Lily of the Valley.

Bab. Man. 360. Hook. St. Fl. 405. H. & S. 87. Hist. Bury.
'Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. May.

1. Felslumi Wood, C.B. :— Woolpit Wood 1 1, Hbb. Blk.
•& Dun. :— Clopton Grove, F. : — Shelland, Mr. Denny :-^
Onehouse Wood, Mrs. Terry : — near Haughley Park, H. &Si

344

2. Sudbury, J.S.H. 3. Oulton, McAub.
5. Woods at Bentley, F. Spalding & Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Polygonatum, Toum.

3. P. multiflorum, All. Solomon's Seat.

Bab. Man. 360. Hook. St. Fl. 404. H.&S. 87. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and shady places. May.

3. Clay-pit, Gorleston ||, Hb. Blk. :— Bradwell, in the
Lady Pits, Wigg.

4. Sternfield, Eev. J. Longe.
Earliest record 1800. Wigg.

Ruse US, Linn.

1. !R. aCTlleatllS, Linn. Butcher's Broom*.

Bab. Man. 360. Hook. St. Fl. 403. H. & S. 87. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Shrubby evergreen perennial ; in thickets and shady
places. March, April.

1. Coney Weston and Troston ; probably introduced
in both localities.

2. Nayland, Gray : — Somerton.

3. Heath near Lowestoft, Woodward : — Oulton, McAub.

4. Botesdale : — Snape, E.N.B. : — Dunwich, Ms. Davy.

5. Stutton || : — Holbrooke, Miss Lechmere in Hb. F. :
—Bentley, H. & 8. : — Wherstead, Miller : — Iken, Mrs. Toller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

LILIACE/E.

Tulipa, Linn.

1. T. silvestris, Linn. Wild Tulip..

Bab. Man. 362. Hook. St. Fl. 410,11. H.«kS. 87. Hist. Bury.
Galp. 109.

Herbaceous perennial ; in chalk-pits and old pastures.

April, May.

1 « Formerly in the old chalk-pits near St. Peter's
barn, Bury,' Sir T. G. Cullum :— Bury, || Hbb.Blk.&Cas.:—
' Barton Park, rarely flowering, though the leaves come up-

345

in great plenty,' Sir C.J.F.B. : — Hunston, Mrs. Gibson :——
Rougham, Dr. Taylor.

2. Cockfield! C.B.

4. Sternfield, Eev. J. Longe :— Weybread, H.B.C. I—-
meadow near Darsham Hall, F. Spalding.

5. In an 'orchard at Nettlestead Hall, 0. W. Peck.
Earliest record 1800. Sir T. G. Cullum.

Fritillaria, Linn.

1. F. Meleagris, Linn. Fritillary. Snake' s-headf.

Bab. Man. 362. Hook. St. Fl. 410. H. & S. 87. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 109.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows. May.

1. Tostock, Hb. F. :— Hawstead, Hbb. Elk., Ly. & Sk.>,
Sir J. and T. G. Cullum :— Woolpit ||, Hb. F.

3. St. Margarets and St. Cross, Holmes.

4. Sternfield, Eev. J. Longe : — Stratford St. Andrew,.
E.N.B. : — meadows near Metfield Eectory, F. Spalding : —
* About half-a-mile from Laxfield toward Stirrup Street, in
a wet meadow in Scare Fen, in great abundance, and in
several other pastures within five miles of that spot.' * Mr.
Crowe,' Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox.-. — Framsden, T.B. : — Gipping
to Debenham, and Wickham Skeith, C. W. Peck : — Worling-
worth, Collins.

5. Lit. Stonham, Mrs. Cobbold: — Mickfield, Hb. Gas.:
— Ashbocking, Prof. Cowell : — Bramford, F. Fox : — Berg-
holt, Dr. White.

Earliest record 1776. Crowe.

Lilium, Linn.

[L. Martagon, Linn. Turh's-cap Lily..

Bab. Man. 362. Hook. St. Fl. 410. Galp. 109.

Herbaceous perennial ; in copses. June, July. .

3. In a small plantation between the Church and the
Village, Flixton, H.B.C. Likely a garden stray.

First notice 1884. Kev. F. W. Galpin.]

Ornithogalum, Linn.

I- O. "Umbellafrum, Linn. Common Star of 'Bethlehem „.

346

Bab. Man. 363. Hook. St. F1.409. H. & S. 88. Hist. Bury.
«alp. 108.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures. May.

1. Honington 1 1 ; Fakenham ; Troston ; Culford Heath ;
"Coney Weston : — Barton, Hb. Blk. & Sir J. Cullum : — Wals-
ham, Hb. Dim. : — Knettishall, Gray: — Woolpit, Mrs. Parker :
— in a pasture near St. Peter's Barn, Bury ; Saxham and
Lakenheath, H. & 8. : — West Stow, Hb. Ly. :— Pakenham,
Hb. Rk. : — Tostock, J. Rasor : — ' In a common between Bury
andlngriffHouse,' Dill. RayinHort. 0,v. : — SantonDownham,
in woods, Sk. ms. : — Mildenhall, Sir O.J.F.B., naturalized:- —
Bardwell, Blk. in Hb. Salm.

2. Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Chedburgh, Miss Bell :—
Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Nayland.

3. Hedge at Bungay, Ashby : — Hopton Churchyard,
Wigg :— Flixton, H.B.G. :— Oulton, McAub.

4. Weybread, H.B.G. :— Middleton, F. Spalding : —
Wetheringsett, G. W. Peck.

5. Lit. Stonham, Mrs. Gobbold : — Needham Market,
E. Cloives : — Coddenham, F. Fox.

Earliest record 1772. Sir J, Cullum.

J3. O. rnitans, Linn. Nodding Star of Bethlehem.

Bab. Man. 363. Hook. St. Fl. H. & S. 88. Hist. Fram.

Hist. Bury.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fields ; rare. April, May.

1. Plentiful in the high fields near Bury, Rev. G.R.
Leathes : — ' Meadow nearly opposite the chalk-pits, in Eisby
Gate Street, Bury,' Sir T. G. Gullum :— Woolpit, Hb. F. :—
Haughley, Hb. Rk. :— Euston, Hb. FitzR. :— Walsham, Hb.
Dun. : — Wetherden, F. : — Drinkstone, Mrs. Terry : — Barton,
•Sir G.J.F.B.:— Rougham, E. Sk. :— Mildenhall, Sir G.J.F.B.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland, Gray :— Sudbury, J.S.H.

3. Oulton, McAub.

4. Yoxford, Hb.Borrer: — 'Frequent in Orchards,
Churchyards, and about towns and villages near Framling-
ham,' Grabbe :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Middleton, Davy :

—Wetheringsett, Hb. Peck: — Westleton ; Easton ; near
Hacheston, Ms. Davy.

5. Gt. Bealings, Moor :— Bergholt, H. & S.
Earliest record 1776. Sir J. Cullum.

347

Gagea, Salisb.

1. Gr. lutea, Ker. Gr. fascicularis, Salisb*

Yellow Star of Bethlehem.

Bab. Man. 363. Hook. St. F1.411. H. & S. Galp. 128.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and pastures.

March, April.

3. Shipmeadow, Ashby, (wrongly supposed to have
been lost) : — ' Near Shipmeadow Church in low road to Bun-
gay,' 1834, Holmes ; E. E. Leach, 1889.

4. Gt. Glemham ||, E.N.B.

5. Sproughton Wood and Waller's Grove, Ipswich,.
Hb. Gas. : — Playford, plentiful, Mrs. Biddell : — pasture near
"Woodbridge, E. G. Varenne : — Bramford, Dr. Taylor.

Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

All ill m, Linn.

3. A. vine ale, Linn. Crow -Garlic*

Bab. Man. 365. Hook. St. Fl. 405,6. H. & S. 88. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fields. July.,

1. Pasture near St. Peter's Barn, Bury, Hb. Sk. : —
by the roadside between Lakenheath and Brandon, A.B. : —
nieadow at Sicklesmere ; Cherry-tree Eoad, Gt. Livermere ;.
Icklingham, Sk. ms. : — Barton Mills ||, Hb. F. : — Barnham,
O.B.

2. Hitcham, HI. Hens. 4. Leiston ||, T.W.G^
5. Near the Orwell, Ips. Fl. : — Greeting, Miss Jeffes.

Earliest record 1850. Prof. Henslow.

5. A. oleraceum, Linn. Field Garlic.

Bab. Man. 365,6. Hook. St. Fl. 407. H. &. S. 88. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in the borders of fields.

July, August^

1. Lakenheath, Rev. G. E. Leathes, Hb. Borrer, Kew.

2. Claywell Farm, Hadleigh. ' Has grown in one field
for many years. My worthy old friend, Mr. Petherick, the
steward, told me that it is a great nuisance in the corn ; and
he has been obliged to take less than the market price for

348

ivheat, on account of the seeds imparting a flavour of onion
.to the flour,' F. Spalding.

Earliest record 1830 ? Rev. G. E. Leathes.

-9. A. ursinum, Linn. Ramsons.

Bab. Man. 366. Hook. St. Fl. 407. H. & S. 88. Hist. Wher.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 108.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedges.
Occurs in all the districts. May, June.

Earliest notice 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

[A. ambiguum, Sm. A casual at Eye Castle Hill,

Bab. Man. Specimen seen in Cambridge Herbarium.

Prof. Babington.]

Endymion, Dumort.

1. E. mitans, Dumort. Scilla nutans, Sm.

English Bluebell.

Bab. Man. 367. Hook. St. Fl. 408,9. H. & S. 88. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Wher. Top. Bot. Suff. E.and W. Gaip. 108.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and copses. May.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Muscari, Tourn.

1. M. racemosum, Mill. Grape Hyacinth.

Bab. Man. 367. Hook. St. Fl. 408. H. &. S. 88. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fallows and plantations ;
local. April, May.

1. Fields at Hengrave, and the plantations at Caven-
ham, Hist. Bury : — Honington 1 1 ; Fakenham : — Cavenham
Heath, C.B., & Hbb. Elk., Rk. & 8k. :— Pakenham, Hb.Dun. :
— Thurston, Hb. Gas. : — near Tuddenham ; Lakenheath, in
fields, Ap. 1863, H. Eys. & Hb. F. :— Paddock, Mildenhall,
Sir O.J.F.B. : — Roadside near Higham Station, and spar-
ingly in Mr. Lee's Woods, Bury, H. & 8. : — strip of wood
between Bury and Risby, H. R. Barker : — Saxham, Hb. Ly. :
— Barrow Bottom, Blk. in Hb. Salm.

4. Hedge-banks, Sweffling, Miss Rouse, ftde A. B. Likely
casual.

NOTE. — ' M. racemosum used to be plentiful in the Ken-
net and Kentford lanes 20 years ago, but I have not noticed

349

& single plant for the last 12 years,' F. Tearle.
Earliest record 1776. Sir J. Cullum.

MELANTHACE>E.

Colchicum, Linn.

1. C. antumnale, Linn. Meadow Saffron.

Bab. Man. 368. Hook. St. Fl. 412. H. & S. 89. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 109.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows. Aug. to Oct.'

1. 'In the large meadow on the S.E. of Hawstead
Church,' Sir J. Cullum :— Barton, Hbb. Blk., Rk. & Sk. :—
Drinkstone Green, HI. F. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun. : — Little
Saxham, H. & S. : — between Nowton and Sicklesmere, R b.
Ly. :— Woolpit, Mrs. Parker :— Bury, Sir J. E. Smith :—
meadows at Bradfield, F. Spalding.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Chevington, Hb. Turn. :—
Wickhambrook, Rev. F. Tearle :— Kersey, F. Spalding : — Bil-
deston, H. & S.

3. Bungay, Stock : — Barsham, Holmes : — St. Cross,
H.B.C. :— Eumburgh, H. & S. :— Oulton, McAub.

4. Benhall, E.N.B. : — Fressingfield, A.B. : — Easton
and Soham, Crabbe : — Framlingham, T.W.G. : — Laxfield,
Davy : — Bedingfield and Mendlesham, G. W. Peck : — Cret-
ingham, Morse : — Wortham, Collins : — Finningham, Hb.
Salm. : — Marlesford, Mrs. Toller.

5. Charsfield, Hb. Gas. : — Ashbocking, Prof. Cowell :
— Gt. Bealings, Moor :— Grundisburgh, F. Fox:—Buigh,T.H. :
— Little Stonham, Sir J. E. Smith :— Debach, E.N.B. : —
Shelley, F. Spalding :— Bergholt, H. & S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

JUNCACE/E.

Juncus, Linn.
1. J. maritimus, Sm. Sea PMsh.

Bab. Man. 369. Hook. St. Fl. 415. H. & S. 90. Top. Bot. Suff. E.
Herbaceous perennial ; in salt marshes. July, Aug.
3. Breydon Water ; Benacre and Covehithe ; Easton.
Bavent :— Lowestoft Denes, HB. Sk.

350

4. Dunwich and Sizewell : — Snape, H. & S.

5. Chelmondiston || ; Stutton || ; Catawade ; Walton :

• — Felixstowe,O..Z>. : — Aldeburgh, Sir O.J.F.B. : — Brantham,.
Sk. ms.

Earliest notice 1805 ; see note on J. acutus.

(2. J. acutllS, Linn. Sharp Hush.

Bab. Man. 369. Hook. St. Fl. 415. H. & S. 90. Top. Bbt.Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy coasts. June.

5. Salt marshes, Aldeburgli, Davy. The only authority
—The locality makes it probable that L. maritimus was the
plant seen, which appears to have been a segregate from J.
acutus, and was at first distinguished with b. subjoined as a
variety. It is likely that L. maritimus was intended by Mr.
Davy.)

Earliest record 1805. Davy.

3. J. effusus, Linn. Soft Rush.

Bab. Man. 369. Hook. St. Fl. 414. H. & S. 89. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 110.

Herbaceous perennial ; in watery places. July.

Common in all the districts.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

4. J. COnglomeratus, Linn. Common Rush.

Bab. Man. 369. Hook. St. Fl. 414. H. & S. 89. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Sufi3. E. and W. Galp. 110.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places. July.

Common in all the districts.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

5. J. glaUGUS, Sibth. Hard Rush.
Bab. Man. 369. Hook. St. Fl. 414. H. & S. 89. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 109.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places and on commons.
Frequent in all the districts. July.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

6. J. diffusus, Hoppe. % Diffuse Rush*
Bab. Man. 369,70. Hook. St. Fl. 414. Galp. 110. Top. Bot.

Suff. W. Skepper, ms.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist commons. July, Aug.
1. Wang-ford 1 1 ; Mildenhall. 2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens.
3. Flixton, H.B.C. :— St. Margarets (E.A.H), Galp.

351

5. Felixstowe, C.B.
Earliest notice 1860. Prof. Henslow.

14. J. obtusiflorTlS, Ehrh. Blunt-Flowered Jointed Rush.

Bab. Man. 371. Hook. St. Fl. 417. H. & S. 89. Hist.Tarm.
"Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes. July to Sept.

1. Barnham||; Hopton||; Thelnetham ; Coney
Weston ; Market Weston • Ixworth Thorpe ; Lakenheath :-^-
^Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Ixworth, Hb. Elk. : — Pakenham Fen, HB.
£as. :— Stowlangtoft, HB. Ek. :— Tostock, Hb. F. :— Milden-
hall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Fornham, H. & S.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Bradwell ; Benacre ; Beccles : — Breydon Water,
Phyt. 1862:—B\mg&y, H. & S. :— Lowestoft and Fritton,
8k. ms.

4. Eedgrave Fen: — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — between
Thorpe and Aldringham, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Snape, H. & S. :
— Brome Fen, Dr. Woodward.

5. Felixstowe, Purchas : — Orford ; Aldeburgh.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

15. J. acutiflorus, Ehrh. Sharp -Flowered Jointed Rush.

Bab. Man. 371. Hook. St. Fl. 417. H. & S. 89. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 110.

Herbaceous perennial , in bogs and wet pastures.
Common in all the districts. June to August.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

16. J. lampro carpus, Ehrh. Shining Fruited

Jointed Rush.

Bab. Man. 371. Hook. St. Fl. 418. H.&S.89. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot, Suff. E. and W. Galp. 110.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs. July, August.

Common in all the districts.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

18 J. SUpinilS. Mcench. Lesser Bog Jointed Rush.

Bab. Man. 32. Hook. St. Fl. 418. H.&S.90. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs and shallow pools.

June to August.

Inadvertently confounded with J. capitatus in E. & S.
1. Hinderclay || : — Broadmere, Troston.

352

3. Lound; Beccles:— Belton, #&.£&.:— Lowestoft,

4. Dunwich II ; Walberswick : — Snape, H. & S.

c. J. fluitans, Fries.
Lond. Cat. 1439.C.
1. Hinderclay.

3. Belton 1 1 ; Beccles ; Carlton Colville.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

19. J. squarrosus, Linn. Heath

Bab. Man. 372. Hook. St. Fl. 418. H. & S. 89. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 128.

Herbaceous perennial ; on wet heaths. June, July.

1. Knettishall: — Tuddenham H~bb. Gas. & 8k. :— near-
Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— West Stow, H. & 8. :— Caven-
ham Severals ; Lakenheath ; Santon Downham, Sic. ms.

3. Belton || :— Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. :— Bungay, H . & S*

4. Dunwich || ; Westleton :— Snape, E.N.B.

5. Ipswich, H. & S.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

20. J. COmpreSSUS, Jacq. Bound Fruited

Bab. Man. 372,3. Hook. St. Fl. 417. H. «k S. 89. Top. Bot.
Suff. ?

Herbaceous perennial ; moist pastures. June to Aug*

1. Edge of Livermere Lake || ; Barnham.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

The other localities given by H. & 8. likely belong to*
the following species, and are given under it.
Earliest notice 1853. Prof. Henslow.

21. J. Gerardi, Lois. Gerarde's
Bab. Man. 373. Hook. St. Fl. 417. Top. Bot. Suff. E.
Herbaceous perennial ; in muddy salt marshes.

June to August.

3. Burgh Castle; Lake Lothing ; Benacre; Covehithe:
—Lowestoft, Hb. 8k. :— Breydon Water, Phyt. 1863 :—
Snape, H. & 8. :— Southwold, Hb. Ly.

4. Dunwich || : — Walberswick, Holmes.

5. Stutton || ; Catawade ; Sutton : — Aldeburgh, Sir-
C.J.F.B. : — Felixstowe, Purchas.

Earliest notice 1829. Mrs. Casborne.

22. J. bufonillS, Linn. Toad

353

Bab. Man. 373. Hook. St. Fl. 418. H. & S. 89. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 109.

Small annual ; in shallow ditches and wet places.

Common in all the districts. July, August.

A form of this from Covehithe has only three or four
sepals with leaf-like apices, which are several times longer
than the elongated capsule.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Luzula, Cand.

1. L. Silvatica, Bichen. L. maxima, DC*

Great hairy Woodrush.

Bab. Man. 373. Hook. St. FL 419. ' Said to occur in Suffolk/
Cyb. Britt.

Herbaceous perennial ; usually in rocky or mountain
woods. April to June.

2. Eede, Hb. Turn. ? There is a doubt about this
specimen having been found in Suffolk. No example of it
has been found in any other Herbarium.

2. L. Forsteri, DC. Forster's Woodrush.
Bab. Man. 373. Hook. St. Fl. 419.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. May*

2. Polstead Wood||. May 5th, 1882. Hind.

3. L. piloea, Willd. L.vemalis,DC. Hairy Woodrush.

Bab. Man. 374. Hook. St. Fl. 419. H. & S. 90. Galp. 110.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. May.

1. Fakenham and Hinderclay Woods || : — Pakenham
Wood, Hb. Gas. : — Eushbrooke, Hb. Sk. : — Stowlangtoft,

•Hb. Eh. :— Barton, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Wiston || ; Stoke-by-Nayland : — Hitcham, Pro/.
Hens. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Bungay, H. & S. :— Homersfield, Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Wortham, Collins.

5. Barking, HB. Peck.

L. Borreri. Bromf.

Bab. Man. 374. Hook. St. FL 419.

2. Wiston ||.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

354

AL. L. campestris, Willd. Field Woodrush.

Bab. Man. 374. Hook. St. Fl. 419,20. H. & S. 90. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 110.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pastures. April, May,

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

5- Ti. milltiflora, Lej. Many-Flowered Woodrush.

Bab. Man. 374. Hook. St. Fl. 420. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
Herbaceous perennial ; in wet heaths and woods.

June.

1 . Fakenham Wood ; Hopton 1 1 ; Thelnetham ; Bran-
don || : — Lakenheath, Hb. Sk.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. 3. Benacre.

4. Dunwich : — Walberswick, Holmes : — Gt. Glemham,
E.N.B.

L. congesta, Lej.

Bab. Man. 374. Hook. St. F1.420.

1. Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Pakenham Wood;
Wattisfield||.
/ 2. Eede, Hb. Turn. 3. Belton. 4. Dunwich ||.

L. pallescens, Koch.
• Lond. Cat, 1454 d.

1. Hinderclay Wood, Dr. Bird.

Earliest notice 1853. Prof. Henslow.

•' ' TYPHACE/C.

Typha, Linn.

1. T. latifolia, Linn. Great Reedmace.

Bab. Man. 376. Hook. St. Fl. 422. H. & S. 79. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 110.

Tall herbaceous perennial ; in rivers and ponds.

June, July.

1. Knettishall || ; Coney Weston ; Thelnetham ; Faken-
ham ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Troston ; Livermere ; West .Stow :
— Hengrave, HI. Blk. : — Hawstead and Tuddenham, E. Sk. :
—Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Stoke-by-Nayland : — Brettenham, Hb. Hens. : —
Cockfield, W.J. :— Melford, J.F.W. :— The Stour, Wixoe, F. :
—Eede, Hb. Turn.

355

3. Bradwell; St. Olaves; Kessingland: — Benacre, Sk-
ms. : — Oulton, E. Sk.

4. Wortham; Blythburgh :—Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.i
— Framlinghani, Crabbe : — near Mendham Priory, Galp.

5. Needham Market and Holbrooke.

Var, T. gracilis, Godr.

1. Sapiston || ; in a pool on Knettishall Heath.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. T. angustifolia, Linn. Lesser Eeedmace.

Bab. Man. 376. Hook. St. Fl. 422,3. H. & S. 79. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 110.

Tall herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ponds.

June, July.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Bardwell ; Sapiston; Euston ;.
Market Weston ; Thelnetham ; Culford ; Cavenham : — '•
Timworth, Hb. Elk. : — Gt. Welnetham, Sir T. G. Cullum: —
Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : — an abnormal plant, with
quintuple spadix, occurred at Ixworth Thorpe || in 1887.

2. Brettenham, Hb. Hens. : — Lavenham, W.J.

3. Fritton and Benacre : — Bungay, Woodward : — Bec-
cles and Halesworth, D. Turner: — Oulton, E. Sk. : — Cove-
hithe, Hb. Ly.

4. Gt. Glemham ; Benhall, E.N.B. : — Framlingham
and Sweffling, Crabbe : — Yoxford, Ms. Davy : — Badingham,
T.W.G. :— Mendham, H.B.C. -.—Oakley, Collins.

5. Melton, Ms. Davy.

Earliest record 1798. Kev. G. Crabbe.

Sparganium, Linn.

1. S. r am O sum, Huds. Branched Bur-reed.

Bab. Man. 376. Hook. St. Fl. 422. H. & S. 79. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 111.

Herbaceous perennial ; in streams, ditches and ponds.

Frequent in all the districts. June, July.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

S. neglectum, Beeby. Beeby's Bur-reed.

Lond. Cat. 1458. Galp. 111.
Herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ditches.
Distribution not yet ascertained. June, July.

1. Honington || :— Barton, Hb. Blk.

356

2. Nayland, Gray :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Beccles ; Kessingland.

4. Weybread, E. Candler.

Earliest notice 1885. Kev. J. D. Gray.

"2. S. simplex, Huds. Simple Bur-reed.

Bab. Man. 376. Hook. St. Fl. 422. H.&S. 79. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ditches. July.

Frequent in all the districts. The floating form occurs
.at Sapiston and Ixworth Thorpe in the Upper Ouse | ] , and
at Santon Downham in the Little Ouse.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. S- minimum, Fries. Least Bur-reed.

Bab. Man. 376,7. Hook. St. Fl. 422. H. & S. (S. natans.)13.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Floating herbaceous perennial ; in ponds and streams.

July, August.

1. Mildenhall ||, 3b. Blk. : — in fen pools and drains
between Mildenhall and Eriswell, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Gedding,
Dr. White :— Wangford, H. & 8.— Lakenheath, F. K. Eagle.

2. Lavenham, Dr. White.

5. Bricet Wood, H. & S. : — ditch near the Gipping,
Ipswich, I. S. Soc.

Earliest record 1777. Sir J. Cullum, under S.natans.

ARACE/E.

ACOPUS, Linn.

1. A. Calamus, Linn. Sweet Sedge.

Bab. Man. 377. Hook. St. PL 424. H. & S. 80. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 111.

Herbaceous perennial ; edge of rivers. June, July.

1. At Coney Weston Hall, (introduced): — Bury, near
the old Gaol, Rk. ?

2. Moat at Cockfield Eectory, plentiful, C.B.

3. Banks of the Waveney 1 1, Hb. Cas. :— Burgh Castle,
D. Turner : — Belton, Wigg : — between Beccles and Gilling-
ham, Crabbe : — North Cove, common in many parts of the
Waveney, Holmes : — Shipmeadow, W. M. Crowfoot : — Bun-
gay Staithe, F. Spalding : — ' Eiver-side below Halesworth,
Davy, (probably in district 4).

357

4. Thrandeston, Collins : — Wenhaston, Ms. Davy. : —
Hoxne, Galp.

5. Baylham, T.B. (very probably introduced).
Earliest record 1797. T. Martyn.

Arum, Linn.

1. A. maClllatum, Linn. Cuckoo-pint. Wake Robin,

Lords and Ladies.

Bab. Man. 377,8. Hook. St. Fl. 423. H. & S. 79. Hist Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W. Hist. Wher. Galp. 111.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods, thickets, and under
hedges. April, May.

Frequent in all the districts.

There are two distinct forms ; the more common has
spotted leaves, the spadix lurid purple, and the edges of the
spathe purplish ; the other has green leaves, the spadix pale
primrose, and the spathe without purplish tinge. In 1882
the spathes of both forms remained unopened until the end
of May.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

LEMNACE/E.

Lemna, Linn.

1. L. trisillca, Linn. Ivy-leaved Duckweed.

Bab. Man. 378. Hook. St. Fl. 425. H. &S.80. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small annual ; stemless, proliferous, submerged. June.

1. Lakenheath || ; Barnham ; Fakenham ; Coney
Weston ; Knettishall ; Hopton ; Troston ; West Stow : —
Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. : — Bury, Hb.Sk.: — Pakenham, Hbb.
Cas. & Ek. : — Felsham Wood, C.B. : — Tuddenham, E. 8k. •.
—The Lark, Hb. Ly.

2. Melford :— Sudbury and Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham,
Prof. Hens. : — Nayland, Gray : — Great Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. ' Regularly flowers every year in marshes at Brad-
well,' D. Turner : — St. Olave's Bridge [| ; near Breydon
Water; Lound ; Beccles and Kessingland : — Bungay, Stock:
— Oulton, E. Sk.

4. Redgrave and Dunwich : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :
• — Framlingham, Crabbe.

5. Orford.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

358

2. TV minor, Linn. Lesser Duckweed..

Bab. Man. 378. Hook. St. Fl. 425. H.&S.80. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 111.

Small annual ; stemless, proliferous, floating.

June, July.

Common in all the districts. * Regularly flowers every
year in marshes at Bradwell,' D. Turner. ' In flower at
Stowlangtoft, June 1841,' Hb.Ek.

Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

3. L. gibba, Linn. Gibbous Duckweed..

Bab. Man. 378,9. Hook. St. FL 425. H. & S. 80. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small annual ; stemless, proliferous, floating ; usually
associated with L. minor. June to August.

1. Wangford || ; Lakenheath ; Ixworth Thorpe : —
Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Stowmarket, H. d S.

2. Wixoe.

3. Kessingland ; Beccles : — Bungay, Stock.

4. Dunwich :— Swefiling and Benhall, E.N.B. :— Red-
grave, C. J. Ashjield.

5. Orford.

Earliest record 1835. D. Stock.

4. L. polyrrhiza, Linn. Greater Duckweed.

Bab. Man. 379. 'Hook. St. Fl. 425. H. & S. 80. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small annual ; stemless, proliferous, floating. ' Flowers
unknown in Britain,' usually associated with L. minor.

1. Barton Mills ; Lakenheath ; Ixworth Thorpe ;
Livermere : — Bury, Hb. 8k. : — Pakenham, Hbb. Cas. <& Rk. :
—Barton and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Stoke and Nayland||: — Hitcham, Prof. Hens.; —
Sudbury, C.B.

3. Kessingland & Beccles : — Bungay, Stock : — Belton,
Paget :— Oulton, E. Sk.

4. Dunwich ; Mellis : — Gt. Glemham and Benhall,
E.N.B. : — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Redgrave Fen, C. J.
Ashjield.

5. Ipswich, W.L.N.

Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

359

POTAMOGETONACE/E.

Potamogeton, Linn.

1. P. natans, Linn. Broad Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 379,80. Hook. St. Fl. 431. H. & S. 81. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp.

Aquatic herbaceous perennial ; floating in ponds and
streams. June, July.

1. Troston||; Livermere ; Honington ; B ar dwell ; Sapis-
ton ; Fakenliam ; Euston ; Hopton; Thelnetham ; Thetford ;
Wangford ; Bury ; Oneliouse and Wetherden : — Barton,
Hb. Blk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. We. :— Tuddenham, Hb. 8k. :
— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Barningham, E.F.L.

2. Stoke ; Nayland ; Melford : — Hitcham, Prof. Hem. :
— Gt. Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. St. Olaves ; Bungay ; Kessingland ; Beccles : —
Somerleyton, Sk. ms.

4. Dunwich || ; Westleton ; Eye ; Mellis ; Burgate ;
Eedgrave : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : — Wortham Long Green;
A.B.

5. Hemingstone, T.B. : — Wherstead, Haward : — Otley,
E.N.B.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. P. polygonifolius, Pourr. Polygonum-leaved

Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 380. Hook. St. Fl. 431. Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Aquatic herbaceous perennial ; in ditches. July.

1. Between Gt.Welnetham & Hawstead ? E.S.Marshall.

3. Belton || ; Lound||.

4. Dunwich 1 1 ; Walberswick.
Earliest notice 1879. Hind.

3. P. plantagineilS, Duer. Plantain-leaved Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 380. Hook. St. Fl. 431. H.&S.81. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. ? and W.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in fen pools and ditches.

June, July.

1. Coney Weston and Hopton Fens || ; Thelnetham,
Hinderclay and Mildenhall Fens : — Tuddenham Bog, Hb. Sk.

3. Beccles : — Somerleyton, Sk. ms.

4. Eedgrave Fen.

Earliest notice 1860. E. Skepper.

360

4. P. rufescens, Schrad. Ruddy Pondweed*.

Bab. Man. 380. Hook. St. Fl. 431,2. Galp. 112.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in rivers and streams.

July.

1. In the Upper Ouse at Bardwell, Ixworth Thorpe
and Sapiston || ; in ditches at Santon Downham.

A remarkable form, with leaves approaching those of
P. plantagineus, was found in 1882 at Eiddles worth, Norfolk;,
and in 1883 at Knettishall, Suffolk, — the localities within
a mile of each other, and both within a few yards of the
Little Ouse ||.

3. Ditches at Beccles : — in the Aide, Sweffling, E.N.B.

4. In the Waveney, near Scole, D. Turner.
Earliest record 1804. Dawson Turner.

8. P. lieteropliyllus, Schreb. Various-leaved Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 381. Hook. St. Fl. 432. H. & S. 81. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in ponds and ditches.

June, July.

1. Bombay Fen, Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Laken-
heath, H. & S.

3. Bungay, Sk. ms.

4. In the Waveney, near Diss ? Woodward.
Earliest record 1850, Sir C. J. F. Bunbury ; or 1812 ?

Woodward.

11. P. llicens, Linn. Shining Pondweed.,

Bab. Man. 382. Hook. St. Fl. 432,3. H. & S. 81. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 113.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in rivers. June.

1. In Little Ouse at Knettishall, and at Thetford War-
ren |J : — in the Upper Ouse at Bardwell ; Ixworth Thorpe ;
Sapiston and Honington : — in the Lark at West Stow ; Bar-
ton Mills and Mildenhall; in Barton Mere and Ampton
Lake.

2. In the Stour at Nayland.

3. In the Waveney at Bungay and Beccles : — Somer-
leyton, Hb. 8k.

4. Oakley, Collins.

P. acuminatus, Schum.

Bab. Man. 382. Hook. St. Fl. 433.

1. In the Upper Ouse at Honington and Sapiston ||»,

361

3. Barsham.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

P. Zizii, Both. ZizVs Potamogeton.

Hook. St. Fl. 433.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in ditches.
1. Mildenhall?

3. Barsham; Beccles; Worlingham; Carlton Colville.
First record 1886. Hind.

14. P. praelongUS, Wulf. Long-stalked Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 382,3. Hook. St. Fl. 433. H. & S. 81. Galp. 113.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in rivers. July.

1. Santon Downham, Hb. Sk.

3. In the Waveney at Bungay || and Beccles : — St.
•Olaves, Phyt. 1862 : — Homersfield, Galp.

4. In the Waveney, Mendham, H.B.C.
Earliest record 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

15. P. perfoliatllS, Linn. Perfoliate Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 383. Hook. St. Fl. 434. H. & S. 81. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 113.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in rivers and lakes.

July.

1. In the Little Ouse, Knettishall, Santon Downham,
and Lakenheath ; in the Lark at Barton Mills ; in Liver-
mere and Ampton Lake : — Brandon, Gr. 0. Druce : — in the
Lark at Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Bungay; Barsham; Beccles: — Somerleyton, Hb.
Sic. :— Flixton, H.B.C. :— St. Olaves, Phyt. 1862.

4. In the Lake, Eedgrave Park||.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

16. P. crispus, Linn. Curly Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 383. Hook. St. Fl. 434. H. & S. 81. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and VV.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in ditches and ponds.

Frequent in all the districts. June.

P. serratiiSj Huds.

Bab. Man. 383. Hook. St. Fl. 434. Hist. Fram.
•3. Kessingland ||. 4. Framlingham, Crabbe.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

362

19. P. obtusifolillS, Koch. P.gramineus, Sm.not Linn*.

Grassy Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 383. Hook. St. Fl. 435. H. & S. 81. Hist. Yarnu
Top. Bot. Suff. E. ?

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in streams and ditches.

June, July.

3. Fritton Decoy 1 1 ; Beccles : — Somerleyton, H b. 8k. :
• — Oulton Broad, E. Sk. : — Lound, Paget : — St. Olave's Bridge,
Trimmer.

4. Leiston, T.W.G.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

20. P. mucronatus, Schrad. P. Friesii, Eupr.

Mucronate Pondweed.
Bab. Man. 383,4. Hook. St. Fl. 435.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in lakes, streams and
ditches. July August.

1. Livermere Lake || : — Lakenheath, G. (l.Druce, 1883.
3. Kessingland and Benacre || ; Beccles.
First notice 1883. G. C. Druce.

21. P. pusillus, Linn. Petty Pondiveed.

Bab. Man. 384. Hook. St. Fl. 435. H. & S. 81. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 113.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in streams and ditches,
&c. Frequent in all the districts. June. .

P. tenuissimus, M. & K. P. gracilis, Bab.

Hook. St. Fl. 435. Lond. Cat. 1502.b.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || and Lakenheath.

3. Beccles ; Kessingland ; Benacre and Covehithe.

4. In a small pool in Eedgrave Fen || : — in a pond
between Eedgrave and Wortham. In a pool at Mellis.

5. Marsh ditches, Bawdsey.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

22. P. trich.oid.es, Cham. Hairlike Pondweed^
Bab. Man. 384. Hook. St. Fl. 436.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in ponds and ditches*.

July, August.

1. Tuddenham, E. Sk.,Jide Eev. K. Trimmer : — Barton
Mere, C.B.

4. Ditch and pond, Wortham Long Green ||, A.B.
Earliest notice 1864. E. Skepper.

363

"24. P. pectinatllS, Linn. Fennel-leaved Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 384,5. Hook. St. Fl. 436. H. & S. 81. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 113.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in ponds, streams and
ditches. June, July.

1. Knettisball 1 1 ; Barton Mills ; Mildenhall & Laken-
heath ; Santon Downham.

2. Nayland, Gray.

3. St. Olaves ; Oulton ; Bungay and South wold : —
Somerleyton, Hb. Sk. :— Flixton, H.B.C. :— Gorleston, Phyt.
1862.

4. Dunwich 1 1 and Middleton : — Hoxne, Collins.

5. Walton 1 1 ; Catawade : — Aldeburgh and Brantham,
Sk. ms.

P. salinus, Voch.

1. Livermere. 5. Walton ||.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

26. P. cLensilS, Linn. Opposite-leaved Pondweed.

Bab. Man. 385. Hook. St. Fl. 434. H. & S. 81. Galp. 113.
"Top. Bot. SufL E. and W.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in streams and ditches.

June, July.

1 . Bardwell 1 1 ; Ixworth ; Knettishall ; Thelnetham ;
Livermere ; West Stow ; Tuddenham ; Barton Mills ; La-
kenheath :— Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Acton and Brettenham : — Thurlow, Hb. F.

3. Bungay and Oulton ; Beccles.

4. In the Waveney and ditches, Eedgrave || ; Eye : —
Wortham Green, C. J. Ashfield : — Badingham, T. W.G. : —
Oakley, Collins : — Mendham, Galp.

5. Otley, E.N.B.

b. P. lancifolius, Koch.
Taschenbuch D. & S. Flora.

1. Lakenheath || :— Bury, Hb. Sk. 3. Beccles.

c. P. angustifolius, Koch.

Taschenbuch D. & S. Flora.

1. Lakenheath 1 1 : — Bury, Hb. Sk.

2. Brettenham. 3. Beccles.
Earliest record 1855. T. W. Gissing.

364
Ruppia, Linn.

1. !R. maritima, Linn. E. spiralis, Hartm.

Common Tassel Pondiveed.

Bab. Man. 385. Hook. St. Fl. 437. H. & S. 81. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff . E.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in brackish ditches.

July, August.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. :— Bradwell ? Par/et :— South-
town, Hb. Geld.

4. Middleton||.

5. Walton || and Bawdsey : — Aldeburgh and Orford,
Woodward : — Felixstowe, H.M.8.

Earliest record 1805. Woodward and others.

2. H. rostellata, Koch. Beaked Tassel Pondweed...
Bab. Man. 385. Hook. St. Fl. 437.

Herbaceous aquatic perennial ; in salt marshes.

June to August.

3. Bradwell, Ex. Hb. G. Cooper from J. Paget.
5. In the estuary of the Stour at Stutton : — Catawade,
E.F.L.

Earliest notice 1833. Paget.

Zannichellia, Linn.

1. Z. palustris, Linn. Marsh Horned Pondweed*..

Bab. Man. 385,6. Hook. St. Fl. 437. H. & S. 80. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Ruff. E. and W. Galp. 113.

Herbaceous aquatic plant ; annual or perennial in ponds
and streams. May to August.

1. Harleston ; Livermere : — Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Barton,
Sir C.J.F.B. : — Drinkstone, J. Rasor : — Hardwick and Ick-
worth, Sk. ms.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

8. Beccles ; Bungay and Kessingland : — Bradwell,

Paget : — Oulton, E. Sk. : — Lake Lothing, Lowestoft, Sk. ms.

4. Mendham Old Priory, Galp. : — Southtown,

Var. Z. repens, Boenningh.

1. Knettishall and Livermere ; Cavenham ||.

3. Ditches, St. Olaves || and Benacre.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

365
Z. brachystemon, J. Gay.

Bab. Man. 385. Hook. St. Fl. 437.

Aquatic herb ; annual or perennial. May to Aug.

1. Livennere|| Knettishall ||. 2. Long Melford.
3. Kessingland 1 1 ; Worlingham.
Earliest notice 1883. Hind.

Z. pedicellata, Fries. Z. pedunculate, Reichb.

Stalked Horn Pondiveed.
Bab. Man. 385,6. Hook. St. Fl. 437.^
Aquatic herb ; annual or perennial ; in brackish pools.

June to August.

3. Ditches at St. Olave's Bridge || and Benacre.
5. Sudbourne.

Earliest notice 1882. Hind.

NAIADACE/E.

Zostera, Linn.

2. Z. marina, Linn. Sea Wrack*

Bab. Man. 386. Hook. St. Fl. 438. H. & S. 80. Hist. Yarm>
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Aquatic herb ; in the sea ; most likely perennial.

July, August.

3. Gorleston and Kessingland : — Lowestoft, E. Sk. : —
Breydon Water, Phyt. 1862.

4. Dunwich. Cast by the sea on all parts of the coast..

5. Stutton||; Felixstowe and Walton: — Catawade,
E.F.L. :— in the Orwell, Ips. Fl. :— Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas.

Z. angustifolia, Byrne.
Bab. Man. 386. Hook. St.. Fl. 438.
On the muddy sea- shore below high water.
3. Breydon Water.

5. Stutton || ; Catawade || ; Walton; Woodbridge : —
Felixstowe, Purchas.

Earliest record 1819. Mrs. Casborne.

GLUMIFERXE.
CYPERACE/E.

366
Schcenus, Linn.

1. S. nigricans, Linn. Black Bogrush.

Bab. Man. 389. Hook. St. Fl. 447. H. & S. 90. Top. Bot.
•.Suff. K. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on fens and wet heaths.

1. Thelnetham || ; Hinderclay ; Hopton || ; Coney and
Market Weston ; Brandon and Lakenheath : — Pakenham
Pen, H bb. Blk. <# Cas. :— Tuddenham, H5. Sk. :— Mildenhall,
JSir C.J.F.B.

3. Bungay, Stock. 4. Eedgrave Fen.

Earliest notice 1835. D. Stock.

Clad i urn, Pat. Br.

1. C. MariSGUS, E. Brown. C. germanicum, Schrad.
Common Sedge. Twig-rush.

Bab. Man. 389. Hook. St. Fl. 447. H. & S. 90. Galp. 128.
Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs and fens ; rare. July.

1 . Hopton 1 1 ; Coney and Market Weston ; Thelnetham :
— Pakenham Fen, Hb. Blk. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :— Mil-
vdenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Lakenheath, Sk. ms.

3. Between Beccles and Bungay, and near St Olave's
Bridge, Woodward : — near Mutford Bridge, Wigg : — Bungay,
-Stock : — North Cove and Barnby, Holmes.

Earliest record 1805. Wigg and others.

Rhynchospora, Valil.

1. IR. alba, Vahl. White Bcahsedge.

Bab. Man. 389. Hook. St. FL 446. H.&S. 90. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bofc. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs ; somewhat rare. July.

3. Lound, Wigg : — Belton Bog, in plenty, Paget, & E.
£k. & G.E.L. in Hb. Salm.

Earliest record 1805. Wigg.

Eleocharis, E. Brown.

1. E. palustris, R. Brown. Heleocharis palustr-is*

Marsh ClubrusJt.

Bab. Man. 390. Hook. St. Fl. 441. H. & S. 91. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 113.

367

Herbaceous perennial ; on the edge of pools and wet.
ditches. Common in all the districts. June.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. E. mTilticaulis, Sm. Heleocharis multicaulis*

Many Scaped Clubrush.

Bab. Man. 390. Hook. St. Fl. 441. H. & S. 91. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W.

Herbaceous perennial on marshy ground July.

1 . Hinderclay Fen 1 1 .

3. Belton Bog and Worlingham, Hb. Sk. : — Bradwell,.
Paget : — Bungay, Stock : — Lake Lothing, Lowestoft, Sk. ms.

Earliest record 1805. Wigg.

4. E. acicularis, Sm. Heleocharis acicularis*

Needle Clubrush.

Bab. Man. 390. Hook. St. FL 441. H.&S. 91. Top. Bot. Suff. E.
Small herbaceous perennial ; on moist heaths.

July, August.
1. Belton Common, D. Turner: — Bungay? Stock.

4. Brome Fen, Dr. Woodward : — Ditches at Westleton,.
Ms. Davy.

Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

Scirpus, Linn.

1. S. maritimus, Linn. Sea Clubrush.

Bab. Man. 390,1. Hook. St. Fl. 442. H. & S. 92. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in salt marshes. July.

3. Burgh Castle; Breydon Water ; Benacre and Cove-
hithe : — Lowestoft, H b. Sk. : — Somerleyton, E. Sk. : — Eastoa
Bavent, Hb. Ly.

4. Dunwich [ | : — Snape, E.N.B. : — Sizewell and Wal-
berswick, W.J.

5. Walton ; Aldeburgh ; Stutton and Catawade : — Er-
warton, Hb. Dun. : — Brantham, Sk. ms. : — Woodbridge, H.
G. Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

2. S. silvaticus, Linn. Wood Clubrush^.

Bab. Man. 391. Hook. St. Fl. 443. H. & S. 92. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 114.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist woods. July.,

368

1. Edge of smaller pond, Ampton : — Clopton Park,
Eattlesden, J. Rasor.

3. St. Margarets and St. Cross, Holmes.

4. In the Aide at Cransford & Sweffling|| ; at Rendham,
.Crabbe :— Yoxford, Ms. Davy :— Gt. Glemliam, E.N.B.:—
,*Syleham, H)lni3s : — Weybread and Mendham, H.B.C.

Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

45. S. lacustris, Linn. Bulrush.

Bab. Man. 391. Hook. St. Fl. 442. H. & S. 92. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Huff. E. and W. Galp. 114.

Tall herbaceous perennial : in rivers, lakes and ponds.

Frequent in all the districts. June, July.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

<6. S. Tabernaernontani, Gmel. Lesser Bulrush.

Bab. Man. 392. Hook. St. Fl. 442. Top. BOD. Suff. E. "
Herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ponls.

June, July.

1. Edge of Lesser Ouse, Knettishall : — Pakenham Fen,
Hb. Cas.

3. St. Olaves : — Benacre ; Covehithe and near South-
wold, Holmes :— Pettistree, E.N.B. :— Oulton, E. 8k. :—
Lowestoft, Sk. ms.

4. Dunwich || ; the Waveney, Redgrave Fen || : — Size-
well and Snape, E.N.B.

5. Brantham, C.B.

Earliest notice 1833. Mrs. Casborne.

'rl. S. caespitosus, Linn. Tufted Clubrwh.

Bab. Man. 392. Hook. St. Fl. 444. H. & S. 91. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.?

Herbaceous perennial ; on turfy heaths. June to Aug.

1. Market Weston Fen, Gray : — Cavenham, E. 8k.
fide E.N.B.

3. Belton and Lound, Paget :— Lowestoft, Hb. Sk.

4. Dunwich || ; Westleton ||.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

'8. S. pancifloras, Liyhtf. Few-flowered Glubrush.

Bab. Man. 392. Hook. St. Fl. 444. H. & S. 91. Hist. Yaria.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in boggy heaths. June to Aug.

1. Mildenhall, J. Townsend and Sir C.J.F.B :— Tud-
<denham, F. K. Eayle in Hb. Ly.

369

3. Bungay Common, Woodward, : — Belton Common,
Wigg : — Bradwell Common, D. Turner : — Lound, Paget : —
Worlingham, H. d S.

4. Snape, E.N.B. : — between South wold and Dunwich,
Holmes.

Earliest record 1805. Wigg and Woodward.

10. S. fhlitans. Linn. Floating Clubrush.

Bab. Man. 392,3. Hook. St. Fl. 443. H. & S. 91. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small herbaceous perennial ; usually floating ; more
compact and casspitose when growing out of water.

June, July.

1. Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Market Weston Fen ||,
terrestrial form.

3. Lound :— Benacre, E.N.B :— Belton, Hb. Sk. :—
Lowestoft and Fritton, Sk. ms. : — Belton Bog, G.R.L. in Hb.
Salm.

5. Walton.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

-11. S. setaceTIS, Linn. Bristle Clubrush.

Bab. Man. 393. Hook. St. Fl. 443. H. & S. 91. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 114.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist pastures. July.

1. Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. : — Barton (now lost) andEris-
well Lode, Sir C.J.F.B. : — West Stow and Cavenham
Severals, E. Sk.

2. Hitcham, H. & S.

3. Bungay, Hb. Suit. :— Herringfleet, Hb. Sk. :— Brad-
well, Paget: — Lowestoft, E. Sk. : — Beccles.

4. 'Benhall, E.N.B. •

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

12. S. Savii, Seb. & Maur. Savi's Clubrush.

Bab. Man. 393. Hook. St. Fl. 443. H. «k S. 91. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Small herb, most likely perennial ; near the coast.

July.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk.

4. Snape, E.N.B. in Phyt. 1858.

Var. S. monostachys. S. pygmaus, Kunth.
3. St. Olave's Bridge, E. Sk.

370

4. Snape, 1854, E.N.B.

Earliest notice 1854. Rev. E. N. Bloomfield.

Blysmus, Panz.

1. 33. COmpressus, Panz. Scirpus Caricis,

Broad-leaved Blysmus.

Bab. Man. 393. - Hook. St. H. 444. H. & S. 91. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in boggy pastures. June, July.

1. Livermere 1 1 ; Hopton 1 1 ; Troston : — Barton, Hb.
BIJc. :— Pakenham Fen, Hbb. Cas. & Bk. :— Tuddenham, Hb.
Sk. :— Mildenhall, F. K. Eagle in Hb. Ly. :— Eriswell, H. a.
Glasspoole in Hb. Geld.

3. Flixton Marshes, Wigg : — Bungay, Stock.

4. Middleton, Davy :— Benhall Green, E.N. B. :— be-
tween Dunwich and Walberswick, Prof. Bab. : — Sp. in Cam-
bridge Herbarium.

5. Aldeburgh, Sk. ms.

Earliest record 1805. Woodward and others.

2. 33. rufllS, Link. Scirpus rufus, Wahlb.

Narrow-leaved Blysmus.
Bab. Man. 393. Hook. St. Fl. 444,5.
Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes near the sea-coast.

July.

4. Edge of the Mere near Aldeburgh, 1832, Sir C.J^
F.B. in Hb. Blk.

Earliest notice 1832. Sir C. J. F. Bunbury.

Eriophorum, Linn.

3. E. polystactiyoil, Linn. Common Cotton-grass.

Bab. Man. 394. Hook. St. Fl. 445. H.&S.92. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 114.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs and fens. May, June..
Frequent in all the districts.

b. E. minus, Koch.
Bab. Man. 394.

1. Hopton Fen || ; Thelnetham; Brandon ||.

2. Lavenham, Mr. Edgar, fide C.B.

c. E. elatius, Koch.
Bab. Man. 394.

371

1. Tuddenham Bog 1 1 . 3. Worlingham, E. E. Leach,
d. E. capitatum, Don ?
Bab. Man. 394.

3. Worlingham. E. E. Leach. Usually an Alpine form.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. E. latifolium, Hoppe. Broad-leaved Cotton-grass.
Bab. Man. 394. Hook. St. Fl. 445. H. & S. 92. Top. Bot.
•Suff. E. ?

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs and marshes. May, June.
1. Tuddenham ||, W.J. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.
3. Somerleyton, H b. Sk. : — Belton, E. Sk. :— Worling-
ham, R. E. Leach.

Earliest record 1860. E. Skepper.

Carex, Linn.

T.. C. dloica, Linn. Dioecious Carex.

Bab. Man. 395. Hook. St. FL 449. H. & S. 92. Top. Bot.
"Sufi. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs. May, June.

1. Hinderclay Fen || :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :— Mil-
denhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Wangford and Hopton, E. Sk.
3. Bungay, Stock and Woodivard.
Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

•3. C. plllicaris, Linn. Flea Carex.

Bab. Man. 395. Hook. St. Fl. 448. H. & S. 92. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 128.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs. June.

: 1. Hopton 1 1 ; Thelnetham 1 1 : — Pakenham, Hb. Cas.i
— Woolpit, H b. F. •. — Market Weston Fen, Gray : — Milden-
hall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Tuddenham Heath, W.J. :— Laken-
heath, Sk. ms.

3. Belton, Paget : — Bungay, Woodward.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.
Earliest record 1812. Woodward.

t>. C. disticlia, Huds. Intermediate Carex.

Bab. Man. 396. Hook. St. Fl. 449,50. H. & S. 93. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 114.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshy pastures. May, June.

1. Knettishall 1 1 ; Thelnetham; Bardwell ; Ixworth
Thorpe 1 1 ; Troston ; Ampton : — Barton, Hb. BIJc. : — Paken-
ham, Hb. Gas. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall, Sir
-C.J.F.B. : — Bury, Mermaid's Pits, H. S S. : — Santon Down-
ham, Sk.ms.

372

3. Belton and Somerleyton, Paget : — Bungay, Stock :
— Lowestoft, Sk. ms. : — bank of stream between St. Peters,
and St. Margarets, Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Sizewell, H. d- 8.

5. By the Gipping, Ips. Fl.

Earliest record 1833. Mrs. Casborne.

7. C. arenaria, Linn. Sand Car ex ^

Bab. Man. 396. Hook. St. Fl. 450. H.&S. 93. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy heaths and the sea-
shore. June*

1. Elveden || ; Thetford; Barnham ; Euston : Tros-
ton :— Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :— West
Stow, H. <& 8. : — Santon Downham, Sk. ms.

3. Lowestoft || ; Belton; Benacre : — Bungay, Stock:
— Southwold, Holmes.

4. Dunwich and Westleton : — Sizewell : — Benhall ;
Farnham, E.N.B.

5. Felixstowe : — Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas. : — Landguard
Fort, Hb. F. :— Tunstall, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

9. C. divisa, Huds. Divided Car ex.
Bab. Man. 397. Hook. St. Fl. 449. H.&S. 93. Top. Bot. Suff. K.
Herbaceous perennial; in pastures near the sea.

May, June*

4. Dunwich, Holmes.

5. Walton 1 1 :— Hollesley, Holmes :— Bawdsey, W.L.N. :.
— Felixstowe, Purchas.

Earliest record 1850. Rev. E. A. Holmes

10. C. vulpina, Linn. Fox Oar ex*..
Bab. Man. 397. Hook. St. FL 451. H. & S. 93. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; by the side of ditches and ponds..

June*

1. Stan ton ||; Bard well ; Ixworth ; Sapiston ; Hon-
ington ; Fakenham ; Thurston ; Harleston ; Brandon: —
Barton, Hb. Blk. : — Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Market Weston Fen,
Gray : — Tuddenham, E. Sk.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :—
Eede, Hb.Turn.

3. St. Olave's Bridge ; Beccles ; Kessingland & Ben-
acre :— Oulton, E. 8k.

373

4. Wortham ; Mellis ; Eye ; Dunwich ; Sizewell : —
Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Felixstowe, Purchas : —
Orford.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

11. C. muricata, Linn. Prickly Car ex +

Bab. Man. 397. Hook. St. Fl. 451. H.&S. 93. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 114.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks and light pastures.

June,

1 . Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Honington ; Sapiston ; Faken-
hani ; West Stow ; Brandon 1 1 ; Wetherden ; Haughley : —
Fornham, Hb. Elk. :— Bury, Hb. 8k. :— Mildenhall, JV
Townsend.

2. Stoke and Nayland : — Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Lit-
Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Eede, Hb. Turn.

3. St. Olave's Bridge :— Belton, Paget :— Flixton; St..
Margarets, Galp.

4. Westleton and Leiston : — Gt. Glemham and Stern-
field, E.N.B.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H.

C. pseudc-divulsa. Syme.

Hook. St. Fl. 451. Lond. Cat. 1567.b.

1 . Sapiston Grove 1 1 : — Coney Weston, E.F.L.

2. Nayland, Gray : — Kersey, E.F.L.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

12. C. divulsa, Good. Grey Carex*

Bab. Man. 397. Hook. St. Fl. 451. H. & S. 93. Galp. 115,
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks. June,

1 . Bardwell 1 1 ; Honington ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Wether-
den ; Haughley :— Ickworth, Hb. Blk. :— Hardwick, H. <& 8. i
— Cavenham, Sk. ms. : — Hesset, Hb. Ly.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Benacre : — Bungay, Stock. : — St. Margarets, Galp*

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Middleton, T.W.G.

5. Felixstowe, Purchas.
Earliest notice 1835. D. Stock.

13. C. teretiuSGTlla, Good. Lesser panicled Carex*

374

Bab. Man. 398. Hook. St. Fl. 450,1. H. & S. 93. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs. June.

1. Thelnetham || ; Hopton ; Ixworth Thorpe : — Tud-
denham, H b. Sk. : — Market Weston, Gray : — Mildenhall,
J. Townsend : — Barton Mills, Crowe : — Lackford, F. K. Eagle
in Hb. Ly.

3. Bradwell, Wigg : — Belton, Paget : — Bungay, Stock :
— Fritton Decoy, H. & S.

4. Darsham, Davy :— Dunwich, T.W.G.

5. Aldeburgh, Sir J. E. Smith.
Earliest record 1804. Crowe.

14. C. paradoxa, Willd. Strange panicled Carex*
Bab. Man. 398. Hook. St. Fl. 450.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs ; very rare. May, June.

1. Market Weston Fen, Hb.Gray: this locality came
to our knowledge later than the one below :— in a swamp
"between Icklingham and Mildenhall ||. For this interesting
addition to our Flora, we are indebted to the Rev. E. S,
Marshall, who gathered it May 3rd, 1887.
First found 1884. Rev. J. D. Gray.

15. C. paniculata, Linn. Great panicled Carex.

Bab. Man. 398. Hook. St. Fl. 450. H. & S. 93. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 114.

Large herbaceous perennial ; in bogs. June.

1. Hopton || ; Ixworth Thorpe || ; Bardwell ; Honing-
ton ; Coney Weston ; Barnham ; Thetford ; Icklingham ;
Lakenheath : — Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Langham, Hb. Blk. : — -
Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : —Lackford and Tuddenham,
E.Sk. : — Cavenham Severals and Santon Downham, Sk.ms*

2. Polstead Marsh.

3. Fritton : — Belton, Paget : — Benacre, Sk. ms. : — Bun-
gay, H. & S. :— Flixton, Galp.

4. Redgrave Fen.

5. Woolverstone : — Sudbourne, E.N.B.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

17. C. axillaris, Good. Axillary Clustered Carex.

Bab. Man. 399. Hook. St. Fl. 452. H.&S.92. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W. Galp. 115.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp shady spots. June.

375

1. Stanton||; Kentford :~Hardwick, Hb.Sk.:
ding, Sk. ms. : — Hesset, Hb. Ly.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Nayland, Gray. — Lit. Thur-
low, Hb. F.

3. Mettingham : — Bungay, Stock : — St. Margarets and
St. James, Holmes : — Chediston and Spexhall, Trimmer : —
St. Cross, Galp.

4. Metfield, D. Turner : — Badingham and Cransford,
T.W.G. :— Rendham, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

18. C. remota, Linn. Distant Spiked Carex.

Bab. Man. 399. Hook. St. PI. 452. H. & S. 92. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 115. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks by streams or wet
ditches. June.

1. Market Weston || ; Stanton; Pakenham; Thurston;
Harleston ; Shelland : — Rougham, Hb. Elk. : — Barton, Sir
C.J.F.B. :— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :— Bury, E. Sk.

2. Brettenhafh ; Wickhambrook ; Melford ; Nayland;
Wiston :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :—
Rede, Hb. 'Turn.

3. Blundeston, D. Turner :— Oulton, E. Sk. :— Bec-
cles ; Easton Bavent.

4. Mellis :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

19. C. stelllllata, Good. C. echinata, Murr.

Little prickly Carex.

Bab. Man. 399. Hook. St. PL 451. H. & S. 92. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 128.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshy places. May, June.
Is less frequent in Suffolk than might have been expected.

1. Honington ; Thelnetham ; Bury : — Tuddenham,
Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall, H. <& S. :— Cavenham, Sk. ms.

2. Nayland, Gray.

3. Lound : — Belton, Paget : — Bungay, Stock.

4. Dunwich||; Westleton: — Snape and Benhall Green,
E.N.B.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

376

2L C. canescens, Linn. C.curta^Goodi. White Carex*

Bab. Man. 400. Hook. St. Fl. 452. H. & S. 92. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Buff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs. June.

3. Flixton Marshes, D. Turner : — Blundeston, Sir J. E.
JSmith : — Lound and Belton, Paget.

4. Westleton, Ms. Davy : — Framlingham, Crabbe : —
Wo&pe \[, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

24. C. ovalis, Good. C. leporina, Linn.

Oval Spiked Car ex.

Bab. Man. 400. Hook. St. Fl. 452. H. & S. 92. Hist. Yarm.
"Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist meadows. July.

Occurs in all the districts.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

25. C. Stricta, Good. Tufted Bog Carex.
Bab. Man. 401. Hook. St. Fl. 454,5. H. & S. 93. Hist. Yarm.
Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes. June.
1. Brandon Bog || ; Tuddenham ||, W.J. ; ' Specimen

sent me by Mr. Jordan,' H. C. Watson : — ' In Bombay Fen,
.and other bogs, Mildenhall,' Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Bungay, S. Woodward : probably in marsh ditches,
near South town. See Paget.

4. Wet ditch a little N.W. of Burgate Wood, E.8.
Marshall,

Earliest notice 1837. S. Woodward.

26. C. acuta, Linn. Slender spiked Carex.
Bab. Man. 401. Hook. St. Fl. 454. H.&S.93. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. ? Gal p. 115.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs and wet places. June.

1. Brandon Bog || ; moist meadows at Santon Down-
ham 1 1 ; Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Pakenham Wood 1 1 ; Faken-
ham ; Market Weston : — Norton, L. N. Eickards in Hb. Blk. :
— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. : — between Icklingham and Milden-
hall, Eev. E. S. Marshall : — the Butts, Bury, Hb. Ly.

3. Bungay, H. S S. See Paget.

4. Rendham ; Sweffling, E.N.B.
Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

377

29. C- vulgaris, Fries. C. Goodenowii, J.

Tufted Carex.

Bab. Man. 402. Hook. St. Fl. 455. H. &S.93. Hist.Yarm_
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 115.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes. May, June.-

In all the districts.

C. juncella, Fries.
Lond. Cat. 1587.b.

1. Tuddenham Bog || ; Thelnetham.

2. Eede, Hb. Turn.

An abnormal form with very short spikelets was
gathered at Hopton||, W. Suffolk, July 25th, 1883.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

33. C. pallescens, Linn. Pale Carex*.

Bab. Man. 403. Hook. St. Fl. 457. H. & S. 94. Top. Bot.-
Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp woods and marshes.

June.

1 . Ixworth Thorpe || ; Fakenham Wood : — Pakenham,
Hb. Cas.\ — Woolpit and Clopton Grove, Hb. F.: — Felsham
Wood, Hb. Sk.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Bungay, H. & 8. 4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B*.
Earliest record 1833. Mrs. Casborne.

34. C. panicea, Linn. Pink-leaved Carex.

Bab. Man. 403. Hook. St. Fl. 457. H. & S. 94. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 115.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet pastures. June*.

Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

36. C. limosa, Linn. Mud Carex*.

Bab. Man. 403. Hook. St. Fl. 456. H. & S. 94. Hist.Yarnu
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet bogs. June. .

3. Belton Bog, Pa get.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

40. C. strigosa, Huds. Loose pendulous Carex*.

Bab. Man. 404. Hook. St. Fl. 463,4. H. &S. 94. Top. Bot.

Suff.W.

378

Herbaceous perennial ; in shady places ; rare.

May, June.
2. Brent Eleigh, H. & 8. 1860. Henslow & Skepper.

41. C. pendula, Huds. Great pendulous Car ex.

Bab. Man. 404,5. Hook. St. Fl. 458. H. &. S. 95. Top. Bot.
SufE. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; woods and shady places on
clay soil. May, June.

1. Eattlesden; Ampton ; Denham : — Hard wick, H b.
Sk. :— the Butts, Bury, HI). Ly. :— Hawstead, H. & 8. :—
Felsham, Sk. ms.

2. Brettenham ; Wickhambrook : — Cockfield || and
Preston, C.B. :— Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb.
F. : — Eede, Hb. Turn.

5. Woodbridge, Rev. P. Lathbury.
Earliest record 1775. Sir J, Culluni.

45. C. praecox, Jacq. Vernal Carex.

Bab. Man. 405. Hook. St. Fl. 458. H. & S. 93. Hist.Yarm.
,Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 115.

Small herbaceous perennial ; in pastures and heaths.

April, May.

Frequent in all the districts. A form from Lit. Thur-
low is likely C. capitata, Ar. Benn.
. ' Earliest record 1836. Prof. Henslow.

46. C. ericetorum, Poll. Heath Car ex.

Bab. Man. 406. Honk. St. Fl. 459.

' Small herbaceous perennial ; on heathy pastures. Apr. May.

1. Mildenhall, /. of B. 1877, p. 57. ' June 3rd, 1829.' —

1 Dr. Boswell and Mr. H. C. Watson have specimens from.

'me,' A.B. : — * Icklingham, Heath ||, and by the grassy sides

of the road towards Icklingham,' A.B., May 10th, 1877 : —

* One specimen on Eisby Heath,' A.B. Probably was the

.plant seen by Sir J. Cullum, April 1775 & '76. (See next

species.)

Earliest record 1829. Sir W. C. Trevelyan, ' gathered
, by a friend.'

[C. montana, Linn. In the Naturalist's Journal of Sir
J. Cullum, are two notices of this plant : * On Newmarket
Heath, April 12th, 1775.' 'April 12th, 1776, Hsec est quse
'in siccis Ericetis prima omnium Caricum floret.' The lo-
•cality on dry heaths would well suit C. jrilulifera ; but the

379

date is too early for this plant. C. pracox, or, not impro-
bably, C. ericetorum, may have been the plant intended.]

48. C. pilulifera, Linn. Round-headed Car ex ^

Bab. Man. 406. Hook. St. Fl. 458,9. H. & S. 93. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on dry heaths. May.

1. Hopton | ; Troston ; Fakenham : — Felsham, Hb.
Sk. :— Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. :— Tuddenham Heath, H. & S. :
— Santon Downham, Sk. ms.

2. Cockfield, Sk. ms.

3. Belton Common: — Herringfleet, Paget: — Lound,
Paget in Hb. Geld. : — Bungay, Woodward.

4. Dunwich || ; Westleton :— Snape, E.N.B.

5. Otley Wood, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

50. C. glauca, Scop. Glaucous Heath Carex*

Bab. Man. 406,7. Hook. St. Fl. 456. H. & S. 94. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 115.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp places. June.

Frequent in all the districts.
Earliest 1850. Prof. Henslow.

53. C. flava, Linn. Yellow Carex*

Bab. Man. 407. Hook. St. FL 461. H. & S. 94. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs and moist pastures.

May, June.

1. Hopton Fen || ; Market Weston ; Thelnetham ;
Brandon :— Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. :— Tuddenham, Hb.Sk.: —
Lakenheath, H. & S.

3. Bungay, H. & S. : — Lowestoft and Somerleyton,
E. Sk.

4. Benhall Green and Snape, E.N.B. : — Redgrave Fen.

b. C. lepidocarpa, Tausch.

Bab. Man. 407. Hook. St. Fl. 461. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.
1 . Hopton Fen 1 1 ; Thelnetham and Market Weston \.
Icklingham.

4. Redgrave Fen.

Var. C. minor, Townsend.
Lond. Cat. 1616.b.

380

True C. (Ederi, Ehrh., Willd., and Schkier, fide Mr.
Bailey, U.S.A.

1. Lakenheath 1 1 ; Tuddenham Bog 1 1 ; Wangford;
Brandon || and Hopton ||.

Plants of C. minor gathered at Lakenheath, exhibit the
following abnormal features :

a. No male spike ; five fertile spikes slightly distant
from each other.

b. The male spike is crowned with fruit.

c. The male spike has its base set with fruit.

d. The lowest fertile spike is at. the base of the stem,
three inches below the others.

e. The lowest spike is compound, and close to the
others.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

54. C. QEderi, Ehrh? Carex flava, var. cyperotdes,

Marsson, fide Mr. Bailey, U.S.A.. (Eder's Carex.

Bab. Man. 407,8. Hook. St. Fl. 461. H. & S. 94. Hist. Yarm.
Hist. Fram. Galp. 129.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bogs. June, July.

1. Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Bradwell ; Belton, D. Turner : — Lound || , D. Turner :
— Lowestoft, Hb. Blk. : — Bungay, Stock.

4. Dunwich : — Brome, Dr. Woodward : — Framlingham,
- Crabbe.

Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

-55. C. extensa, Good. Long bracteated Carex.

Bab. Man. 408. Hook. St. Fl. 461. H. & 8. 94. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. But. SufE. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshes, usually near the
; sea. June.

3. Lound: — Lowestoft ||, Hb.SJc.: — Southwold,
Holmes : — near the river at Belton, H. & S.

4. Framlingham ? Crabbe : — Dunwich, Woodward in
Hb. Geld.

5. Aldeburgh, Hb. Blk.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

56. C. Hornsclmchlaiia, Hoppe. Tawny Carex.

Bab. Man. 408. Hook. St. Fl. 462. H. & S. 94. Top. Bot.
•Suff.E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in boggy pastures. June.

381

1. Mildenhall ||, F. K. Eagle in Hb. Elk. :— Bombay
Fen, Mildenhall, Sir CJ.F.B. :— Tuddenham', Hb. Sk.

2. Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. 3. Bradwell, H. & S.
4. Theberton Common, Davy.

Earliest record 1805. Davy.

57. C. pimctata, Gaud. Dotted-fruited Carex.
Bab. Man. 408. Hook. St. Fl. 462.

Herbaceous perennial ; on the sea-coast. June, July.

4. Dunwich || ; on gravelly banks, very close to the sea.

One a little North of the village ; the other two miles
-South of it. A sea-wall recently built has destroyed the second
locality, which was at Scot's Hall.

First discovered June 1879. Hind.

58. C. distans, Linn. Loose Car ex.

Bab. Man. 408,9. Hook. St. Fl. 462. H. & S. 94. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. Galp. 128.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshy pastures. May, June.
1. Market Weston Fen.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. :— Southwold, Sir CJ.F.B. :-—
Bungay, Hb. Sk.

4. Dunwich || : — Sizewell and Snape, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh ! Holmes.

Earliest notice 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

59. C. binervis, Sm. Green-ribbed Carex.

Bab. Man. 409. Hook. St. Fl. 462. H. & S. 94. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suflf. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on heaths. June, July.

1. Tuddenham || ; Ixworth Thorpe; Pakenham Fen,
Hb. Gas. :— Mildenhall, J. Townsend:— Barton, Sir CJ.F.B.

3. Gorton Heath, D. Turner : — Ashby Heath, Paget : —
Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. ? :— Bungay, H. & S.

4. Dunwich ||.

Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

^62. C. silvatica, Huds. Wood Carex.

Bab. Man. 409,10. Hook. St. Fl. 463. H. & S. 94. Galp. 115.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. May.

1 . Stanton 1 1 ; Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Sapiston Grove ;
Fakenham Wood : — Pakenham, Hb. Gas. : — Troston, Gray :
—Barton, Sir CJ.F.B. :— Hardwick and Felsham, H. & 8.

382

2. Acton and Wiston : — Hitcliam, Hb. Hens. : — Rede,
Hb. Turn. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Benacre : — Bungay, H. & S.

4. Burgate :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Weybread ;
Mendham Grove, Galp.

5. Gmndisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record 1833. Mrs. Casborne.

63. C. Pseildo-cyperus, Linn. Cyperus-like Oarex.

Bab. Man. 410. Hook. St. Fl. 465. H. & S. 94. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 116.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fens. More frequent in Suf-
folk than in most neighbourhoods. June.

1. Sapiston || ; Hopton Fen ; Thelnetham ; Santon
Downham ; Lakenheath : — Edge of Ampton Lake, Gray : —
Barton and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Hardwick and Fel-
sham, H. & S. : — Bury, Sk. ms.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Rib. Hens. & Sk. :—
Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Beccles ; St. Olave's Bridge ; Fritton Decoy : —
Bungay, Stock : — Somerleyton, Paget : — Belton, E.N.B. : — •
Gorleston, Phyt. 1862,3 : — Bradwell and Wangford, H.&S.:
—Benacre, E. Sk. :— Kirkley, H.D.G. in Hb. Geld.

4. Redgrave and Wortham : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :
— Wingfield ; Weybread, H.B.O. :— Badingham, T.W.G.

5. Stutton.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

64. C. filiformis, Linn. Slender-leaved Car ex.

Bab. Man. 410. Hook. St. Fl. 460. H. & S. 93. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Sufi3. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in peat bogs ; rare. May.

1. Lakenheath, Hb. Sk. :— Brandon, F. K. Eagle : —
Mildenhall, Sir G.J.F.B.

3. Bogs at Lound, Z). Turner : — Worlingham, H. & S.
Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

65. C. hirta, Linn. Hairy Carex.

Bab. Man. 410. Hook. St. Fl. 460. H.&S. 94. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 116.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet pastures and fens. Apr.

1. Bury || ; Knettishall || ; Hopton ; Market Weston;
Thelnetham ; Hinderclay ; Euston ; Honington ; Paken-

383

ham ; Tlietford ; Brandon ; Cavenham : — Mildenhall, Sir
C.J.F.B. :— Tuddenham, W. J.

2. Acton ; Melford ; Stoke and Nayland : — Hitcham,
Hb. Hens. :— Lit. Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Cockfield, W.J.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Weybread, Galp.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H. : — Felixstowe, Purchas.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

68. C. ampullacea, Good. C. wstrata, Stokes.

Slender-beaked Bottle Carex.

Bab. Man. 411. Hook. St. Fl. 464,5. H. & S. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 116.

Herbaceous perennial ; in fens and boggy ditches. June.

1 . Hopton Fen 1 1 ; Thelnetham ; Hinderclay ; Laken-
heath; Brandon ||: — Pakenham, Hb. Cas.: — Mildenhall,
Hb. Blk. :— West Stow, Hb. Sk. :— Tuddenham & Wangford,
H. & 8. : — bogs near Lackford Bridge ; river near Culford,
Sir G.J.F.B.

2. Kedington, Dr. White.

3. Beccles : — about Bungay, Woodward : — very com-
mon on Bradwell and Lound Bogs, Wigg : — Gorleston and
Belton, Paget : — St. Margarets, Holmes : — Fritton, Sk. ms.

4. Eedgrave Fen : — Westleton and Yoxford, Davy : —
Snape, Farnham and Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

A form with narrower leaves occurs at West Stow, at
'Beccles and Bardwell.

Earliest record 1804. Woodward.

'69. C. Vesicaria, Linn. Bladder Carex.

Bab. Man. 411. Hook. St. Fl. 464. H. & S. 95. Top. Bot.
c Suff. E. and W. Galp. 116.

Herbaceous perennial ; in boggy places ; frequently in
woods. May, June.

1 . Pakenham Wood || : — Clopton Grove, Woolpit, Hb. F.

2. Hitcham Wood, Hbb. Hens. & Sk. :— Melford Hall
Mill, Sk. ms.

3. St. Margarets, Holmes. 4. Badingham, T.W.G.
Earliest notice 1853. Prof. Henslow.

(A Carex occurs in Brandon Fen 1 1 , with very narrow

oleaves, not involute : the spikes approach nearer to 0. vesicaria

than to C. ampullacea, but are narrower, paler, and more

compact ; the fruit was ovoid when freshly gathered, but has

.become conical in.drying. Another Carex gathered in Market

384

Weston Fen 1 1 , is somewhat like the above, its leaves are
slightly broader, 1^- lines, its upper fertile spike is narrowly
ovate, and the glumes acute. It is possibly a hybrid, or a
form of C. vesicaria.

70. C. paludosa, Good. Marsh Caress^
Bab. Man. 411. Hook. St. Fl. 465. H. & S. 95. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 116.

Herbaceous perennial ; in ditches and boggy places.
Frequent in all the districts. May..

b. C. spadicea, Elw. Eoth. C. Kochiana, Gaud.

Bab. Man. 411. Hook. St. Fl. 465.

1. Bardwell || ; Coney Weston ; Ixworth Thorpe;
Brandon : — Santon Downham, A.B.

4. Nayland :— Rede, Hb. Turn.

A marked form occurs at Bardwell with very distant
fertile spikes, glumes on fertile spikes very short and acute.
Earliest notice 1833. Mrs. Casborne.

71. C. riparia, Curt. Great riparian Carex.
Bab. Man. 411. Hook. St. Fl. 465,6. H. & S. 95. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 116.

Large herbaceous perennial ; by river banks. May.

1. Thelnetham; Market Weston ; Knettishall ; Eus-
ton ; Honington || ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Bardwell ; Thetford
Warren ; Lakenheath : — Bury, Hb. Sk. : — Pakenham, Hb.
Gas. :— Mildenhall, Sir CJ.F.B. : — Tuddenham, E. Sk.

2. Polstead ; Nayland ; Melford : — Hitcham, Hb.
Hens. :— Brettenham, Hb. Rk. :— Lit. Bradley, Hb. F. :—
Rede, Hb. Turn. :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Clare, C.B.

3. Mettingham and Kessingland ; Beccles : — Oulton,
E. 8k.

4. Redgrave :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Walton ; Claydon and Needham Market.
Earliest notice 1833. Mrs. Casborne.

GRAMINE>£.

Digitaria, Scop.

[3D. Sangllinalis, Scop. Panicum sanguinale, Scop-

Bloody Finger Grass.

Bab. Man. 419,20. Hook. St. Fl. App. 535. H. & S. 95.
Annual herb ; a not infrequent stray. August-,

385

1. Elveden, Sir T. G. Cullum.

3. 'In sandy places of the road between Beccles and
Saxmundham, just by Sir John Rouse's house, near Hen-
ham,' ' Dickson,' Dill. Ray in Hort. Ox.

5. ' In fields opposite the Ferry at Woodbridge,'
Crabbe : — ' Very plentiful in the sand lands at Button,' H .&S.:
— * Under swallow's nest at Mr. Baker's, Battisford, 1859,
I860,' Sk. ms.

Earliest record 1780. Dickson.]

1. D. Immifusa, Pers. Panicum glabrum, Gaud.

Prostrate Finger Grass.

Bab. Man. 420. Hook. St. Fl. 469. Galp. 116. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Annual herb ; in sandy fields. July, August.

1. ' Abundant in a field near Bury, — shown to me by
Mr. Stock,' Dr. Brom field.

3. Bungay, Ebb. Blk. & Sutt.

5. Ipswich, Sir J. E. Smith : — Shottisham, Holmes.
Earliest record 1800. Sir J. E. Smith.

Echinochloa, Pal. de Beauv.

[E. Crus-galli, Beam. Panicum Crus-galli, Linn.

Loose Panic Grass.
Bab. Man. 420. Hook. St. Fl. 469,70.
Annual herb ; in waste places as a stray. July.

1. Honington. 2. Nayland ||. 3. Gorleston.

Earliest notice 1880. Hind.]

Setaria, Pal. de Beauv.

1. S. viridis, Beauv. Green Panic Grass.

Bab. Man. 420. Hook. St. Fl. 470. H. & S. 95. Galp. 116.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual herb ; in waste places. July, August.

1. Honington || ; Haughley || : — Lakenheath, F.K.E.
in Hb. Cas. : — Brandon, F.K.E. in Hb. Ly.

2. Nayland 1 1.

3. Gorleston : — Bungay, Hbb. Blk. & Sutt. : — Homers-
field, Holmes.

5. Fields opposite the Ferry at Woodbridge ; about the
sandy roads near Wickham Market, Crabbe : — Shottisham,
Holmes.

386
Earliest record 1805. Rev. G. Crabbe.

[S« glauca, Beauv. Glaucous Panic Grass* ,

Bab. Man. 420. Hook. St. Fl. App. 535.
Annual herb ; a stray ; in waste places. July, Aug.
1. Honington. 2. Nayland||; Stoke ||.

Earliest record 1880. Hind.]

Spartina, Schreb.

1. S. strict a, Roth. Cord Grass*

Bab. Man. 420,1. Hook. St. Fl. 470,1. H. «fe S. 98. Top. Bot.
Buff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in salt marshes. August.

5. Ipswich, above the bridge near the Railway Station ;
Aldeburgh : — about the Light-houses and the Mere, Crabbe :
— Orford, Woodward :— Slaughden Vale, H. & S. :— Stutton||,
Sir G.J.F.B.: — Ramsholt, mud-banks in river Deben,
Holmes : — Havergate Island, Dr. Jermyn : — between Land-
guard Fort and Walton Ferry, A.B.

Earliest record 1805. Rev. G. Crabbe.

Phalaris, Linn.

[P. canariensis, Linn. Canary Grass.

Bab. Man. 421. Hook. St. Fl. 471. Hist. Yarm.
Annual herb ; usually a stray ; in waste places. July.

1. Honington ||; Euston ; Mildenhall : — Barton, Hfi.
Blk. :— Bury, C.B.

2. Nayland. 3. Kirkley, Hb. Geld.
1840 ? Lady Blake.]

1. P. arundinacea, Linn. Common Reed Grass.

Bab. Man. 421. JHook. St. Fl. 472. H. & S. 96. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 116.

Herbaceous perennial ; in ditches. June, July.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Anthoxanthum, Linn.

1. A. odoratnm, Linn. Sweet-scented Vernal Grass.

Bab. Man. 421,2. Hook. St. Fl. 472. H.&S.95. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W. Galp. 117.

387

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and woods.

May, June.

Frequent in all the districts. Large form in a wood at
"Wiston.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. A. Puellii, Lecoq and Lamotte. PuelVs Vernal Grass.
Bab. Man. 422. Hook. St. Fl. 472.

Annual herb ; in sandy pastures. July to Sep.

1. Hinderclay; Troston . 2. Rede, Hb.Turn.

Earliest notice 1884. Hind.

Phleum, Linn.

--1. P. Bcelimeri, Schrad. P. phalaroides, Koch.

k Boehmer's Phleum.

Bab. Man. 422. Hook. St. Fl. 476. H. & S. 96.

Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on chalky dowTns ; rare. July.

Eriswell || : — Mildenhall, on the northern part of the
Warren Hill towards Brandon ; also on the high ground
beyond Barton Mills towards Herringswell, Sir C.J.F.B. : —
Weather Heath, Lakenheath Warren, A.B. : — formerly on
Haberden, Bury, and at Kentford, H. & 8., & F.K.E. in
Hb.Ly.

Earliest record 1850. Sir C. J. F. Bunbury.

"2. P. arenarillHl, Linn. Sand Cat's-tail Grass.

Bab. Man. 422. Hook. St. Fl. 476. H.&S. 96. Hist. Bury.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Annual herb ;' on sandy heaths and sea- shores,

May to July.

1. Barnham Heath || ; Troston || ; Elveden ; Caven-
ham ; Brandon ; Santon Downham ; Icklingham ; West
Stow ; Culford Heath ; Fakenham :— Old Walls, Bury, Hb.
Sk. : — Mildenhall, Hb. Cas. : — Newmarket and Tuddenham,
H. & S. :— Wordwell, Hist. Bury :— Thetford, F.K.E. in
Hb. Ly.

3. Lowestoft Denes.

4. Dunwich :— Thorpe, H. <& S.

5. Felixstowe; Walton and Sudbourne, H. & S.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

388

3. P. pratense, Linn. Timothy Grass. .

Bab. Man. 422.3. Hook. St. Fl. 475. H. & S. 96. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 117.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures.
Frequent in all the districts. June*

b. P. stoloniferum, Bab.

Bab. Man. 423. Hook. St. Fl. 475.
1. Honington ||.

c. P. prfBcox, Jord.
Bab. Man. 423.

1. Cavenham ||.

P. nodosum, Linn.
Hook. St. Fl. 475. Galp. 117.

1. Honington; Brandon; Barton Mills || : — Barton,
Hb. Blk. : — Pakenham, H b. Cas. : — Livermere, Gray.
3. Homersfield, H.B.C.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

Alopecurus, Linn.

1. A. pratensis, Linn. Meadow Fox-tail Grass.

Bab. Man. 423. Hook. St. PI. 474. H. &; S. 96. Hist. Yarin.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 117.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows. April to June.
Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. A. geniculatllS, Linn. Kneed Fox-tail Grass.

Bab. Man. 423. Hook. St. Fl. 474. H.&S.96. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 117.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet ditches and pools.

June, July.

A. pronus, Mitt.
Hook. St. Fl. 474.
1. Troston.

Frequent in all the districts.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

4. A. fulvus, Sm. Tawny Fox-tail Grass.

Bab. Man. 423,4. Hook. St. Fl. 474. H. & S. 96. Top. Bot.
Suff.W.

389

Herbaceous perennial ; on wet margins of pools.

June to September,

1. ' Pool in lane between Mrs. Carss', Welnetham and
Linkwood, May, 1864,' Sk.ms. Pool near Sicklesmere, H. & S*
1860. Henslow and Skepper.

5. A. blllbosUS, Linn. Bulbous Fox-tail Grass*

Bab. Man. 424. Hook. St. Fl. 474. H. & 8. 96. Top. Bot.
Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in salt marshes. June.

3. * Most abundant in marshes by the riverside at
Belton and Burgh Castle,' Wiyg & Woodward in M.M. : —
Breydon Marshes, Paget: — South town Marshes, W.M. Crow-
foot.

Earliest record 1797. Woodward.

6. A. agrestis, Linn. Slender Fox-tail Grass*

Black Grass.

Bab. Man. 424. Hook. St. Fl. 473. H. & S. 96. Hist. Fram..
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 117.

An annual weed ; in pastures and ploughed land.

April to November.

1. Honington || ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Onehouse ; Bran-
don ; Eriswell : — Bury, Hb. SJc. : — Barton and Mildenhall,.
Sir C.J.F.B. :— Hardwick, K. Sk. :— Bradfield, HB. Ly.

2. Nayland : — Hitcham, Hb.Hens.: — Haverhill, Hb+
F. : — Rede, Hb. Turn. :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Lake Lothing ; Beccles : — Bungay, Stock : — Lowes-
toft, Sk. ms.

4. Botesdale; Peasenhall ; Westleton : — Framlingham,.
Crabbe :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

Nardus, Linn.

1. 1ST. strict a, Linn. Common Mat Grass*

Bab. Man. Suff. 424. Hook. St. Fl. 505. H. & S. 99. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on heaths. July.

1. Elveden ; Barnham ; Euston ; Knettishall : — Mil-
denhall, Hb.Blk. :— Troston Heath ||, Hb. Gas. :— West
Stow, Hb. Sk. :— Tuddenham, H. & S. :— Brandon £&. ms.

390

3. Bungay, Stock: — Belton, Paget : — Lowestoft, H. & 8. :
-. — Benacre, Sk. ms.

4. Dunwich ; Westleton ; Sizewell : — Framlingham,
•Crabbe :— Snape, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

M ilium, Linn.

1. M. effusum, Linn. Spreading Millet Grass.

Bab. Man. 425. Hook. St. Fl. 475. H. & S. 95. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp shady woods. June.

1. Stanton || ; Ix worth Thorpe ; Fakenham Wood;
Hinderclay :— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Woolpit, Hb. F. : — -

' Hardwick, Hb. Sk. : — G-edding and Felsham, Sk. ms. : —
Hesset, F.K.E. in Hb. Ly.

2. Wiston II :— Cockfield, O.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :
— Lidgate, Hb. Cas. : — Eede, Hb. Turn.

3. Fritton Decoy, Sk. ms. 4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.
Earliest notice 1830. Mrs. Casborne.

Ph rag mites, Trin.

1. P. corn munis, Trin. Common Reed.

Bab. Man. 425. Hook. St. F1.487. H. & S. 103. Hist. Yarm.
•Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 119.

Tall herbaceous perennial ; in marshes and ditches.
Frequent in all the districts. August.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Psamma, Pal. de Beauv.

1. P. arenaria, R- & S. Ammophila arundinacea. Host.
Marram. Bent.

Bab. Man. 425. Hook. St. Fl. 481. H. & S. 97. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on the sandy sea -shore. July.

3. Kessingland and Southwold: — Lowestoft, Hb. Cas.:
— Pakefield, Hb. Sk.

4. Dunwich [| : — Sizewell and Thorpe, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh : — Felixstowe, W.J.
.;. .- Earliest notice 1597. Gerarde.

Calamagrostis, Adans.

1. C. lanceolata, Roth. Purple Small Reed.

Bab. Man. 426. Hook. St. Fl. 479. H. & S. 97.

Top. Bot. Suff. W.

391

Herbaceous perennial ; in boggy places and coppices.

July..

1. Ixworth Thorpe Carr || :— Mildenhall, HI. Rk. : —
Lakenheath, H. $ S. : — Drinkstone, Sk. ms.

2. Hitcliam, Prof. Hens. : — Naughton Wood, H. & 8.

3. Fritton Decoy and Worlingham : — Bungay ; North
Cove and Covehithe, Holmes.

Earliest notice 1852. Prof. Henslow.

2. C. epigejOS, Roth. Wood Small Reed*

Bab. Man. 426. Hook. St. Fl. 478,9. H. & S. 97..

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. July.

1. Hardwick, Hb. 8k. : — in several plantations at Mil-
denhall, Hb. Blk. :— Barton Mills, Rev. F. Tearle :— in the
Hyde at Westley ; Drinkstone, H. & S. : — Felsham ; Cul-
ford and West Stow Woods, Sk. ms. : — Santon Downham,
NOT (fate.

* 2. Hitcham, Herb. Hens. :— Rede, Hb. Turn. :— Cock-
field, W.J.

3. Bungay, Stock.

Earliest notice 1835. D. Stock.

Apera, Adans.

1. A. Spica-venti, Beam. Silky Wind Grass.

Bab. Man. 426. Hook. St. Fl. 480. H. & S. 97. '

Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W.

Annual herb ; in sandy places. June, July.

1. Barnham || ; * Cavenham, 7 miles from Bury, and
near the 8th mile- stone between Bury and Newmarket, on
the right-hand side of the road leading from Bury,' Rev. R.
Eelhan :— Mildenhall, Hb. Blk. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :—
Eriswell, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Thetford, Cyb. Brit. :— Laken-
heath, H.&S.: — between East and North Gates, Bury;.
Hawstead, Sk. ms.

3. Benacre; Covehithe, Sk. ms. : — Southwold, Holmes :
— Goiieston, Phyt.1862.

4. Snape, Grabbe & E.N.B. :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Blaxhall, Grabbe: — Bromeswell, Ms. Davy : — Felix-
stowe, H. & S. — Landguard Fort.

Earliest record 1785. Rev. R. Relhan.

392

"2. A. interrupta, Beauv. Interrupted Wind Grass.

Bab. Man. 426. Hook. St. Fl. 480. H. & S. 97. Galp. 118.
"Top. Bot. SuflE. E. and W.

Annual herb ; in sandy fields. June, July.

1. Fakenliam || ; Sapiston || ; Barnliam ; Euston ;
Honington ; Barton Mills : — Mildenhall, C.B. : — Redneck
Heath, near Thetford, Rev. W. W. Newbould :—Bmy, Hb.
8k. :— Tuddenham Heath, W.J. :— Eushford, E.F.L. :— .
Higham ; West Stow; near Railway-arch, Newmarket-road,
.£k. ms. : — Thetford Heath, in plenty, A.B.

2. Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Between Homersfield and St. Cross, Galp.

4. Westleton Heath ||.

Earliest record 1848. Newbould.

AgPOStis, Linn.

"2. A. canina, Linn. Brown Bent Grass.

Bab. Man. 427. Hook. St. Fl. 477. H.&S.96. Hist. Yarm.
"Top. Bot Buff. E. and W. Galp. 117.

Herbaceous perennial ; on heaths. July, August.

1. Hopton || ; Troston ; Eriswell : — Tuddenham, Hb.
.8k. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

3. Lowestoft, E. Sk.

4. Snape, E.N.B. : — Weybread, Galp • — Thorpe.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

•3. A. Vlllgaris, With. Common Bent Grass.

Bab. Man. 427. Hook. St. Fl. 477. H. & S. 96. Hist. Yarm.
"Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 117.

Herbaceous perennial ; in dry pastures. July.

Common in all the districts.

b. A. pumila, Lightf.

Bab. Man. 427. Hook. St. F1.477.

1. Honington ; Ixworth Thorpe : — Bury, Hb. Sk.

4. Westleton Heath 1 1 .

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

-4. A- alba, Linn. White Bent Grass.

Bab. Man. 427. Hook. St. Fl. 477,8. H. & S. 96. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff E. and W. Galp. 117.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures.
Frequent in all the districts. July.

393

b. A. subrepens, Bab. A. Stolonifera, Linn.
Bab. Man. 427. Hook. St. Fl. 478.
3. Lowestoft Denes || ; Kessingland.
5. Claydon.

A stunted form with irregular panicle occurs on West-
letonHeath||.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

Hole US, Linn.

1. H. lanatus, Linn. Common Soft Grass.

Yorkshire Fog.

Bab. Man. 428. Hook. St. Fl. 483,4. H. & S. 98. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Sufe. E. and W. Galp. 118.

Perennial herb ; in meadows. July.

Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

2. H. mollis, Linn. Creeping Soft Grass.

Bab. Man. 428. Hook. St. F1.484. H. & S. 98. Hist. Yarra.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 118.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and gravelly places.
In all the districts. July.

Earliest notice 1830. Mrs. Casborne.

Corynephorus, Pal.de Beauv.

1. C. canescens, Beauv. Grey CorynepJwrus.

Bab. Man. 428,9. Hook. St. Fl. 482. H. & S. 97. Galp. 118.
Top. Bot. SufE. E.

Small herbaceous perennial ; on sandy coast, rarely
inland. June, July.

1. Between Lakenheath and Wangford, G. 0. Druce
and Bolton King :— Lackford Heath, G. G. Druce, 1883.

3. Benacre, Hb. Sk. : — near Easton Broad ; between
Covehithe and Pakefield, Holmes : — Lowestoft Denes, A.B.:
— Homersfield, fairly abundant on a bed of post-glacial gravel
on South side of the Waveney Valley, H.B.C.
Earliest notice 1800. Sir J. E. Smith.

Aira, Linn.

1. A. csespitosa, Linn. Deschampsia ccespitosa, Beauv.
Tufted Hair Grass.

394

Bab. Man. 429. Hook. St. PI. 483. H. & 8.^97. Galp.
Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W.

Tall herbaceous perennial ; in wet fields and ditches.
Common in all the districts. July.

Earliest notice 1850.

2. A. fLexuosa, Linn. Deschampsia flexwsa, Trhu

Wavy Hair Grass.

Bab. Man. 429. Hook. St. Fl. 483. H. &. S. 97.

Top. Bot. Suff. B. ?

Herbaceous perennial ; in heathy places ; comparatively
rare in Suffolk. July.

1. Fakenham ; small heath between Barningham
Park and Eushford Bridge || : — Eougham, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Eede, H b. Turn.

5. Ipswich, ' occasionally,' H. & S., fide Ips. Fl.
Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. A. caryophyllea, Linn. Silvery Hair Grass^

Bab. Man. 430. Hook. St. Fl. 482. H. & S. 98. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 118.

Small annual herb ; on sandy heaths. May.

1. Troston || ; Culford Heath ; Barningham Park ;
Eriswell ; Elveden : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. Dun. : — Tudden-
ham, Hb. 8k. : — Barton and Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : —
Eisby Heath, W.J. :— Thurston ; Westley ; West Stow,
Sk. ms.

2. Eede, Hb. Turn.

3. Covehithe :• — Lake Lothing ; Lowestoft, E. Sk. :

Mendham Pit, Galp.

4. Eedgrave ; Dunwich ; Westleton and Thorpe : — .
Homersfield Heath, Galp. :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh and Orford.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

5. A prsecox, Linn. Early Hair Grass*

Bab. Man. 430. Hook. St. Fl. 482. H. & S. 98. Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 118.

Small annual herb ; on sandy heaths and pastures.
Frequent in all the districts. April, May.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Trisetum, Pers.

1. T. flavescens, Beauv. Yellow Oat GrasB^.

395

Bab. Man. 430. Hook. St. Fl. 484. H.&S.98. Hist.Yarm.
"Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W. Galp. 118.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures. July.

1. Barnham 1 1 ; Fakenham ; Honington ; Sapiston ;
Ixworth Thorpe ; Cavenham ; Mildenhall : — Barton, Hb.Blk.:
— Hardwick, Hb. Sk. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb.Rk. : — Barning-
ham, E.F.L. : — Tuddenham, E.Sk.

2. Melford :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. —Rede, Hb. Turn. :
—Kersey, E.F.L. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Bradwell and Kessingland : — Lowestoft, E. 8k.

4. Thorpe ; Dunwich and Westleton : — Gt. Glemham,
••Ac., E.N.B.

5. Shrubland Park ; Aldeburgh and Orford.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

A vena, Linn.

1. A. f atua, Linn. Wild Oat.

Bab. Man. 430. Hook. St. Fl. 484,5. H. & S. 98 Hist. Fram.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and W. Galp. 118.

Annual weed ; in cultivated fields. July.

1. Barnham ||; Haughley|j; Honington; Ixworth
Thorpe ; Lakenheath :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb. 8k.

2. Melford :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Kessingland : — between Beccles and Mutford, D.
Turner :— St. Margarets, Galp.

4. Stuston :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Stutton :— Grundisburgh, T.H.

A. pilosissima, Gray.

Lond. Cat. 1683.a.

1. Haughley. 2. Wiston. 4. Stuston.

A. intermedia, Lindgr.
Lond. Cat. 1683.b.

3. Kessingland.

Earliest record 1805. Dawson Turner.

t2- A. strigosa, Schreb. Lean Oat.

Bab. Man. 430. Hook. St. Fl. 485. H. & S. 98.
Annual weed ; in cultivated fields. July*

1. Honington || ; Sapiston; Bardwell : — Vine Fields,

Bury, Hb. Sk.

4. Carlton. 5. Ipswich.
Earliest record 1860. E. Skepper.

396

3. A. pratensis, Linn. Meadow Oat.

Bab. Man. 430,1. Hook. St. Fl. 485. H. & S. 98. Galp. 118.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. ? and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in heathy pastures. June.

1. Eisby Heath || ; Fakenham || ; Barton Mills : — •
' Between Newmarket and Exning,' Ray : — Barton, Hb.
Blk. :— Hardwick, Hb. 8k. :— Mildenhall and Eriswell, Sir
C.J.F.B. : — Newmarket Heath, IV. J. : — Fakenham ||.

2. Long Melford.

3. St. Margaret's (E.A.H.), Galp. 5. Ipswich.
Earliest record 1696. Kay.

4. A. pubescens, Linn. Downy Oat.

Bab. Man. 431. Hook. St. Fl. 485. H. & S. 98. Galp. 118.
Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in sandy pastures and meadows.

June.

1. Honington || ; Barnham || ; Elveden; Euston : —
Eisby Heath, G.B. :— Barton Park, Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb.
Sk. : — Barningham, E.F.L. : — Santon Downham, 8k. ms.

2. Nayland, Gray :— Cockfield, W.J. :— Lit. Thurlow,
Hb. F.

3. St. Cross, Holmes. 5. Grundisburgh, T.H.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Arrhenatherum, Pal. de Beauv.

1. A. elatillS, M. & K. A. avenaceum, Beauv.

Tall Oat-like Grass.

Bab. Man. 431. Hook. St. Fl. 485,6. ' H. & S. 98. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 119.

Herbaceous perennial ; in hedges and on banks.
Common in all the districts. June*

A. nodosum, Lindl.

Bab. Man. 431, Hook. St. Fl. 486. Galp. 119.

3. Near Weybread House, Galp.

5. Bawdsey 1 1 ; Felixstowe.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Tried ia, E. Brown.

1. T> cLecumbeilS, Beauv. Sieglingia decumbens, Bernh...
Decumbent Heath Grass.

397

Bab. Man. 431. Hook. St. Fl. 486. H. & S. 103. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 119.

Herbaceous perennial ; in dry heaths and pastures.

July.

1. Troston 1 1 ; Hopton 1 1 :— Lackford, Hb. Blk. :-— Bar-
ton, Sir C.J.F.B. :— West Stow and Tuddenham, H . & S. :—
Bury, Sk. ms.

2. Cockfield, C.B. :— Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Rede, Hb.
Turn.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Bungay, Stock: — Belton Bog,.
Paget :— Gorton, H. & 8. :— St. Margarets (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Redgrave Fen ; Westleton ; Walberswick : — Gt*
Glemham and Snape, E.N.B.

5. Thorpe Heath.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

Koeleria, Pers.

1. K. cristata, Pers. Crested Hair Grass.

Bab. Man. 431,2. Hook. St. Fl. 488. H. & S. 103. Galp. 119.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in sandy meadows and pastures.

June, July.

1. Barnham || ; Elveden || ; Brandon; Thetford; Eus-
ton ; Fakenham ; Honington ; Bury : — Ampton, Hb. Sk. : —
Barton, Hb. Blk. : — Stowlangtoft, Hb. lik. : — Livermere,.
Gray : — Mildenhall, J. Townsend : — Icklingham, W.J. : —
Tuddenham, H . & S. : — Risby Heath and Santon Downham,
Sk. ms.

3. Bungay, Stock :— St. Margarets (E.A.H).

5. Blaxhall Heath, E.N.B.

K. gracilis, Boreau.
Lond. Cat. 1691.

1. Brandon || ; Fakenham; Elveden.
Earliest record 1835. D. Stock.

Melica, Linn.

1. M. uniflora Eetz. One-flowered Melic Grass..

Bab. Man. 432. Hook. St. Fl. 490. H. & S. 103. Top. Bot.
Suff E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and shady banks.

May, June..

398

1. Felsham, C.B. : — Dalham, Hb. Cas. : — Hardwick,
Hb. Sk. :— Pakenham, Hb. Cas. : — Wetherden : — G-edding,
H. & 8. :— Bradfield, Hb. Ly.

2. Wiston || ; Polstead : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Nay-
land, Gray :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Bungay, H. <£ 8. : — Flixton, 8k. ms.

4. Westleton Decoy || ; Burgate Wood : — Gt Glemham,
H. & S. : — ' among trees by Cransford,' Hist. Fram. — 'Woods
• at Sweffling and North Glemham and elsewhere,' B.Gr.,
•Crabbe.

5. Bergholt, H. & 8.

Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

•[2. M. nutans, Linn. Nodding Melic.

Bab. Man. 432. Hook. St. Fl. 490. Hist. Fram.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods — a Northern and West
of England species. The Rev. G. Crabbe is the principal
authority for it in Suffolk. As M. uniflora was formerly
included in M . nutans, there can be no doubt that the former
plant is the one which he had in view. Later authors have
overlooked this, and have accepted M. nutans as a Suffolk
plant through inadvertence. The localities given below
really belong to M . uniflora, and are given under that species.
The mention in Lowe's British Grasses arose from a misin-
terpretation of older authorities.

1. Felsham and Gedding, Sk. ms. Corrected in H. & 8.

4. ' Among trees by Cransford,' Crabbe in Hist. Fram. ;
" Woods at Sweffling, and North Glemham, and elsewhere
in that county,' Crabbe in E.G., Suffolk. — ' Lowe's British
•Or 'asses. ,']

Molinia, SchranJc.

1. M. caenilea, Mcench. Purple Molinia.

Bab. Man. 432. Hook. St. Fl. 489. H. & S. 103. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on wet heaths and bogs.

July, August.

1. Livermere || ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Euston ; Hopton :
—Pakenham Fen, Hbb. Cas. & Dun. :— Tuddenham, Hb. Sk. :
-West Stow, H.&S. :— Felsham, 8k. ms.

3. Belton ; Lound ; Carlton Colville : — Lowestoft,
7/. & 8. : — Benacre, Sk. ms.

4. Redgrave Fen :— Westleton, T.W.G. & E.N.B.

399

b. M. depauperate, Lindl.
Bab. Man. 432. Hook. St. Fl. 489.
1. Lakenheath ||.

c. M. major, Bab.
Bab. Man. 432.

3. In a boggy copse at Lound 1 1.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

Poa, Linn.

1. P. anHTia, Linn. Annual Meadow Grass*.

Bab. Man. 432. Hook. St. Fl. 491. H.<k S.J102. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 120.

Annual herb ; nearly everywhere. March to Sep.

Common in all the districts. * There are whole fields
of it in Suffolk, where it is called Suffolk Grass,' Dill. Ray
in Hort. Ox.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. P. bulbosa, Linn. Bulbous Meadow Grass*.

Bab. Man. 432,3. Hook. St. Fl. 493,4. H. & S. 103.

Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; sandy denes and pastures near
the sea. April, May.

3. Lowestoft Denes, Sir J. E. Smith : — Southwold
Common, Holmes.

5. Felixstowe Common || : — Aldeburgh, E. Forster,.
jun. : — Mouth of the Deben, Holmes.

Earliest record 1804. Sir J. E. Smith.

7. P. nemoralis, Linn. Wood Meadow Grass.

Bab. Man. 434. Hook. St. Fl. 492,3. H. & S. 102. Galp. 120. .
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and shady lanes.

June, July*

1. The Grundle, Stanton ||, Hb. Sk. :— Felsham, Dr*.
White : — Hardwick, Hb. Ly.

2. Nayland ; Wiston ||.

3. Bungay, H. & S. : — Flixton, Galp.

4. Nichol's Hill, Mendham, Galp.
Earliest record 1860. Dr. White.

400

10. P. trivialis, Linn. Rough Meadow Grass*

Bab. Man. 434. Hook. St. Fl. 492. H. & S. 102. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. 8uff. E. and W. Galp. 120.

Herbaceous perennial ; in shady places. June.

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

11. P. pratensis, L. Common Meadow Grass*

Bab. Man. 435. Hook. St. Fl. 492. H. & S. 102. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 120.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures.
Frequent in all the districts. June, July.

b. P. subcarulea, Sm.

Bab. Man. 435. Hook. St. Fl. 492.

1. Barton, Hb. Blk. 5. Felixstowe ||.

P. strigosa, Gaud.
Hook. St. Fl. 492.
1. Brandon 1 1.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

12. P. COmpressa, Linn. Flat Meadow Grass*
Bab. Man. 435. Hook. St. Fl. 492. H. & S. 92. Hist. Yarm.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 120.

Herbaceous perennial ; in dry places. July.

1. Thetford || :— Bury, Hb. 8k. :— Mildenhall ||, Hb.
Blk. : — Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Barnham.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Kersey, E.F.L.

3. Bungay, Stock. 4. Mendham, H.B.C.
Earliest record 1860. E. Skepper.

Glyceria, E.Broivn.

1. Gr. aquatica, Sm. Reed Meadow Grass.

Bab. Man. 435. Hook. St. Fl. 494. H. & S. 101. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 120.

Tall herbaceous perennial ; in streams and ditches.

July.

1. Knettishall 1 1 ; Sapiston ; Honington ; Ixworth
Thorpe; Bardwell; Livermere ; Barton Mills; Tuddenham
and Lakenheath : — Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Hengrave, Hb. Blk. : —
Pakenham Fen, Hbb. Cas.&Rk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B.

2. Nayland and Melford :— Eede, Hb. Turn. :— What-

401

field, E.F.L. :— Melford ; Sudbury and Clare, C.B.

3. Oulton Broad ; Burgh Castle ; St. Olave's Bridge'*,
Kessingland : — Somerleyton and Lowestoft, H. <£ 8. : — Bec-
cles, Sk. ms.

4. Bank of Upper Waveney : — Mendham, Galp.

5. Stutton : — Grundisburgh, T.H. : — sides of Gipping,.
Ips. Fl.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

2. Gr. fluitans, R. Brown. Flote Grass..

Bab. Man. 435,6. Hook. St. Fl. 494. H.& S. 102. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 120.

Herbaceous perennial ; in shallow ponds and ditches.
Common in all the districts. June to September..

b. G. pedicellata, Towns.

Bab. Man. 436. Hook. St. Fl. 494.

1. Mildenhall Fen ; Fakenham || ; Bardwell.

2. Wickhambrook. 4. Bedgrave ||.
5. Catawade ||.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

3. Gr. plicata, Fries. Plicate Flote Grass..

Bab. Man. 436. Hook. St. Fl. 494. Galp. 120. Top. Bot. .
Suff. E. and W.

1. Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 : — Santon Downham : — Tudden-
ham, E. Sk.

3. Kessingland : — Oulton, E. Sk. : — St. Margarets and
St. Cross (E.A.H.), Galp.

5. Grundisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record about 1862. E. Skepper.

Sclerochloa, Pal. de Beauv.

1. S. maritima, Lindl. Glyceria maritima, Wahl.

Sea Sclerochloa.

Bab. Man. 436. Hook. St. Fl. 495. H. & S. 102. Hist. Yarm..
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist ground by the sea-
coast. June, July.

3. Beside Lake Lothing : — Lowestoft, Hb. Sk.

4. Blythburgh 1 1 ; Dunwich.

5. Stutton and Ipswich : — Felixstowe 1 1, Hb. Blk. : —
Orford, E.N.B.

402

b. 8. hispida, Parn.

Bab. Man. 436. Hook. St. Fl. 495.

5. Felixstowe ||.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

*2. S. Borreri, Bab. Glycerin. Borreri, Bab.

Borrer's Sclerochloa.

Bab. Man. 436,7. Hook. St. Fl. 495. Top. Bot. Suff. B.

Newb. ms. 1869.

Herbaceous perennial ; on muddy sea-shore.

June to August.

3. Breydon Water, W.J.

4. Between Dunwich and Walberswick, Holmes.

5. Walton, F.K.E in Kb. Ly.
Earliest notice 1869. Newbould.

3. S. procumbens, Beauv. Festuca2^ocumbens,I^unih.

Procumbent Sclerochloa.

Bab. Man. 437. Hook. St. Fl. 495. H. & S. 102. Hist. Yarm.
' Top. Bot. SufE. E.

Annual herb ; on muddy sea- shores. June July.

3. Burgh Castle, C.B. : — Breydon Marshes, Paget : —
Lowestoft Hb. (reld.

5. Catawade || ; Stutton :— Orford, E.N.B. :— Wood-
bridge, F.K.E. in Hb. Ly.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

4. S« distans. Bab. Glyceria distans, Wahl.

Distant Sclerochloa.

Bab. Man. 437. Hook. St. Fl. 495. H. & S. 102. Top. Bot. Suff. E. ?
Herbaceous perennial ; on sea- shores and sandy places.

June to August.
1. Culford Heath, Gray.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. SJc. : — Southwold, Holmes.

4. Blythburgh||.

5. Aldeburgh, Hb. Blk. : — Salt-marsh, Felixstowe,
C.B.

Earliest notice 1850. Lady Blake.

5. S. rigida, Link. Festuca rigida, Kunth.
Bab. Man. 437. Hook. St. Fl. 498. H. & S. 102. Hist. Yarm.

"Top. Bot. Suff. K. and W. Galp. 120.

Annual herb ; in sandy soil and on walls. June.

403

1. Honington || ; Fakenliam ; Knettishall ; Ixworth ;
Troston ; Fornliam St. Martin and All Saints ; Thetford ;,
Brandon ; Kentford :— Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Barton, Hb. Blk. :
— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Tuddenham, E. Sk.

2. Hitcliam, Hb. Hens. :— Kede, Hb.Turn.: — Cock-
field, W.J.

3. Lowestoft, E.Sk. :— St.Cross School-ground(E.A.H.) ; ,
Flixton, Galp.

4. Walberswick : — Framlingham & Rendham, E.N.B.

5. Otley, E.N.B. :— Grundisburgh, T.H. :— Felix-
stowe, Purchas.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6. S. loliacea, Woods. Festuca loliacea, Huds.

Dwarf sea-side Sclerochloa.

Bab. Man. 437. Hook. St. Fl. 498,9. H. & S. 102.

Top. Bot. SuflE. E.

Annual herb ; on sandy sea-shores. June, July.

3. Southwold, Hb. Blk. :— Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. :— Gor-
leston, E. Forster, jun. : — Pakefield Cliff, Sk. ms.

4. Dunwich

5. Felixstowe
Aldeburgh, E.N.B.

Walberswick.
— Landguard Fort, Dr. Goodenough : —
— Bawdsey, G.R.L. in Hb. Salm.

Earliest record 1800. Dr. Goodenough.
Briza, Linn.

2. B. media, Linn. Common Quaking Grass.

Bab. Man. 438. Hook. St. FL 491. H. & S. 101. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows and pastures.
Frequent in all the districts. June.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

Catabrosa, Pal. de Beauv.

1. C. aquatica, Beauv. Whorl Grass.

Bab. Man. 438. Hook. St. Fl. 489. H. & S. 103. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 119.

Herbaceous perennial ; in shallow streams and ditches.

June, July.

1. Honington || ; Bardwell; Ixworth Thorpe : — Paken-
ham, H bb. Cos. 6 Rk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Tud-

404

•denham and Bury, E. Sk. : — Hengrave, H. & S. : — Drink-
; stone, Hb.F.

2. Near Flatford Mill, Dr. White.

3. Bungay, H. & 8. : — Lowestoft, 8k. ms.

4. Eye||:— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Mendham Old
-Priory, Galp.

5. Felixstowe, Purchas.

Earliest notice 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Cynosurus, Linn.

1. C. cristatus, Linn. Crested Dogstail Grass.

Bab. Man. 438. Hook. St. Fl. 488. H. & S. 101. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 119.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pastures. July, August.

Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

[C. ecllinatus, Linn. Rough Dogstail Grass.

Bab. Man. 438. Hook. St. Fl. 488.

Annual, from Channel Islands ; only a chance stray in
Suffolk.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. E. Skepper.]

Dactyl is, Linn.

JL. D. glomerata, Linn. Cock's-foot Grass.

Bab Man. 438. Hook. St. Fl. 490. H. & S. 101. Hitt. Yarm.
"Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 120.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows. June, July.

In all the districts.

Earliest record 1724. Willisell.

Festuca, Linn.

X F. uniglnmis. Soland. One-glumed Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 439. Hook. St. Fl. 498. H. & S. 101. Top. Bot.
••SufE. K.

Annual herb ; on sandy commons near the sea. June.

5. Felixstowe ||, C.B. <£ Hb. Blk. : — Landguard Fort,
Dr. Goodenough.

Earliest record 1777. Dr. Goodenough.

'2. F. SCiuroides, Roth. Squirrel-tail Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 439. Hook. St. Fl. 498. H. & S. 101.

"Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

405

Annual herb ; on light soil. June, July.

1. Ixworth Thorpe ; Fakenham : — Coney Weston,
.E.F.L. :— Woolpit Warren, F. :— Mildenhall, Hbb. Elk. &
Gas. : — Bury, Hb. SJc. : — West Stow ; Cavenham and Tud-
denham, H. <& S.

2. Acton Sandpit, C.B. :— Cockfield, WJ.

3. Bungay ; Lake Lothing : — Fritton, Sk.ms.'. —
Lowestoft, F.K.E. in Hb. Ly.

4. Dunwich || :— Snape, Crabbe :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. ' Near Landguard Fort, Dr. Goodenough,' Dill. Ray
in Hort. Ox. : — Aldeburgh, Crabbe :— Offton, H. & S.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. IF. ambigua, Le Gall. Doubtful Fescue Grass.
Bab. Man. 439. Hook. St. Fl. 498. J. of B. 1879. Bot. Kec. 1879.
Annual herb ; in sandy heaths and fields.

1. Brandon; Thetford ; Fakenham || : — Mildenhall,

-June, 1846, J. Townsend : — Lakenheath Warren, 1878, and

Thetford Heath, 1879, A.B.:— Icklingham, July, 1878,TF.J.:

— Wangford and Lakenheath, 1883, G. 0. Druce: — between

Thetford and Elveden, E.F.L.

Earliest record 1846. J. Townsend.

4. F. IVCyurus, Linn. Rat's-tail Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 439. Hook. St. Fl. 498. H.&S.101. Galp. 121.
Top. Bot. Huff. E.

Annual herb ; on walls and sandy fields. June, July.

1 . Fakenham 1 1 ; Honington ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Ing-
ham ; Bury ; Thetford :— Barton Hb. Blk. :— Stowlangtoft,
Hb. Rk. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Higham Embank-
ment, W.J., Bot. Rec. 1879.

3. Near Lake Lothing : — Gun ton, Hb. Geld.

4. Westleton Heath || ; Wingfield Castle : — Snape and
Swelling, E.N.B. : — Mendham, Galp.

5. Clay don and Ipswich.

Earliest record 1860. Kev. E. N. Bloomfield.

5. F. OVina, Linn. Sheep's Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 439,40. Hook. St. Fl. 497. H. & S. 101. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 121.

Herbaceous perennial ; in dry pastures. June.

Frequent in all the districts.

406

c. F. duriuscula, Linn. F. fallax, Th.

Bab. Man. 439,40. Hook. St. Fl. 497. Hist. Yarm.

1. Honington; Ixworth : — Barton, Hb.Blk. : — Paken-
ham, Hb. Cas. :— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Bury, E. 8k. :—
Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. :— Euston, E.F.L.

3. Oulton, E. 8k.

4. Gt. Glemham, very common, E.N.B. : — Mendham,
Chip.

5. Felixstowe ||.

F. glauca, Sm. ?

1. Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. 5. Catawade||.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

6- U1. rubra. Linn. Sand Sheep's Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 440. Hook. St. Fl. 497. H. & S. 101. Hist. Yarm.
Galp. 121.

Herbaceous perennial ; usually in sandy places. June.
1. Barnham||; Honington; Bardwell.

3. Lowestoft, Hb. Sk. : — Benacre, Sk. ms. : — Flixton
Park, Galp.

4. Dunwicli || :— Sizewell, E.N.B.

5. Catawade : — Felixstowe, Purchas.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

7. !F. oraria, Dum. F. arenarid, Osb.

Sea-shore Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 440. Hook. St. Fl. 497.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sea-sands. June.

3. Lowestoft and Covehithe : — Pakefield, Hb. Geld.

4. Dunwich | . 5. Felixstowe.
Earliest notice 1879. Hind.

9. F. gigantea, Vill. Bromus giyanteus, Linn.

Giant Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 440,1. Hook. St. Fl. 496. H. & S. 100. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 121.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist thickets. July.

Frequent in all the districts.

b. F. trifiora, Sm.
Bab. Man. 441. Hook. St. Fl. 496.

1. Stanton Grundle || ; Knettishall : — Hardwick, Sk..
ms.

407

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Rede, Hb. Turn.
Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

10. P. elatior, Linn. Tall Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 441. Hook. St. Fl. 496. H. & S. 101. Galp. 121.
•Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet pastures and fens.

June, July.

1. Hopton Fen 1 1 ; Euston; Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Bard-
well :— Barton, Hb. Elk. :— Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall,
Sir C.J.F.B. :— Tuddenham, E. Sk.

2. Hitcham, Herb. Hens. : — Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. Oulton Dyke, E. Sk. :— Flixton Park, Galp.
5. Grundisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record 1856. Prof. Henslow.

11. E1. pratensis, Huds. Meadow Fescue Grass.

Bab. Man. 441. Hook. St. PI. 496. H. & S. 101. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 121.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows. June, July.

In all the districts.

b. F. loliacea, Huds.

Bab. Man. 441. Hook. St. Fl. 496. H. & S. 101.

•Top. Bot. Suff. E. andW;

1. Fakenham]]; Honington; Bury: — Barton, HB.Blk.

2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. About Bungay, Woodward: — Flixton, H.B.C.: —
St. Margarets, Galp.

4. Yoxford, Ms. Davy : — Weybread, Galp.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

Bromus, Linn.

1. B. erectllS, Huds. Upright Brome Grass.

Bab. Man. 441. Hook. St. FL 499,500. H. & S. 100.

Galp. 129. Top. Bot. Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy or chalky soil.

June, July.

1. Mildenhall, J. Townsend, Phyt. 1861 : — Barrow Bot-
•tom, on chalk-bank, Sk. ms. : — near Newmarket ||, E. Sk.

2. Rede, H b. Turn. 3. Bungay, Woodward.
4. Dunwich, T.W.G. :— Framlingham, F.K.E. in

tfb. Ly.

408

b. B. villosus, Bab.

Bab. Man. 441. Hook. St. Fl. 500.

4. Dunwich, T.W.G-.

Earliest record 1841. J. Townsend.

2. 3B. asper, Mum. B. serotinus, Benck.,

Hairy Brome Grass.

Bab. Man. 441,2. Hook. St. Fl. 499. H. & S. 100. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 121.

Duration likely perennial ; in woods and thickets.
Frequent in all the districts. July..

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

3. B. Sterilis, Linn. Barren Brome Grass..

Choke Grass.

Bab. Man. 442. Hook. St. Fl. 500. H. & S. 100. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 121.

An annual weed ; on waysides, and in light soil.
Frequent in all the districts. June..

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4- !B. madritensJS, Linn. a. B. diandrus, Curt.

Upright annual Brome Grass.
Bab. Man. 442. Hook. St. Fl. 500.

An annual herb ; in sandy places. June, July.

2. Rede, Hb. Turn. 4. Westleton Heath ||.

Earliest notice 1879. Hind.

[IB. tectorum, Linn. House Brome Grass. .

Bab. Man. 442. Hook. St. Fl. App. 535.
1. In sandy fields, Thetford, E.F.L. 1886.]

[IB. maximus, Desf. Great Brome Grass. .

Bab. Man. 442. Hook. St. Fl. 500.

Annual ; a stray from the Channel Islands. July.

1. In a cart track in a light pasture, in quantity,.
Fakenham, 1883 ||.]

Serrafalcus, Parlatore.

*1. S. secalinilS, Bab. Bromus secalinus, Linn.,

Smooth Rye Brome Grass.

Bab. Man. 442,3. Hook. St. Fl. 501. H.&S.100. HisLFram..
Galp. 121. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

409

Annual herb ; on banks and in corn-fields. June, July.

1. Mildenhall :- — Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Newmarket,
W.J. : — Bury, Sk. ms. : — Pakenham, Cas. in Hb. Ly.

2. Long Melford ; Wiston : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

3. Bungay 1 1 ; Dyke near Oulton Broad : — Lowestoft,
Hb. 8k. : — Lake Lothing, Sk. ms.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe.

Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

2. S. raceniOSUS, Parl. Bromus racemosus, Linn.

Smooth Brome Grass.

Bab. Man.443. Hook. St. Fl. 501. H. & S. 100. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 121.

Biennial herb ; in meadows and waste places. June.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Honington || ; Fakenham;
Bury.

2. Stoke :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Bungay : — Gorton, Hb. Sk. : — Lowestoft, Sk. ms. :
— St. Margarets, Galp.

5. Catawade.

Earliest notice 1834. Paget.

3. S. COmmutatus, Bab. Bromus commutatus, Schrad.

Tumid Field Brome Grass.

Bab. Man. 443. Hook. St. Fl. 501. Galp. 122.
Biennial herb ; in meadows. June, July.

1. Honington; Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Bardwell ; Faken-
ham:— Bury, Hb. Sk.

2. Nayland 1 1 : — Rede, Hb. Turn.

3. St. Margarets, Galp. : — Lowestoft, H.D.G. in Hb.
:Geld.

4. Dunwich : — Mendham, H.B.C.
Earliest notice 1862. E. Skepper.

4. S. mollis, Parl. Bromus mollis, Linn.

Soft Brome Grass. Sop Grass.

Bab. Man. 443. Hook. St. FL 501. H. & S. 100. Hist. Yarm.
'Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W. Galp. 122.

Annual ? herb ; in meadows and pastures. May, June.
Common in all the districts.

b. S. glabrescens, Coss. S. ovalis, Bab.

S. racemosus, Parn.

410

1. Mildenhall, Hb. Blk.

3. Kirkley, H.D.G. in Hb. Geld.

d. 8. hordeaceus, Fries.

Hook. St. Fl. 501.

1. Brandon, on sandy soil ||.

3. Lowestoft, F.K.E. in Hb. Ly.

5. Felix sto we ||.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

*5. S. arvensis, Godr. Bromus arvensis, Linn.,

Taper Field Brome Grass.

Bab. Man. 443,4. Hook. St. Fl. 502. H. & S. 100. Galp. 122.
Annual herb ; in fields ; naturalized. July, Aug..

1. Ixworth Thorpe 1 1 ; Fakenham ; Hopton : — Bury,
Hb. 8k.

2. Hitcham and Cockfield, Sk. ms.

3. Lowestoft, Sk. ms. : — Flixton, Galp.
Earliest notice 1862. E. Skepper.

[S. patlllllS, Parl. Bromus patulus, Heidi..

Spreading Field Brome Grass.
Bab. Man. 444. Hook. St. Fl. App. 535.
Annual herb ; cultivated ; or an occasional stray. June.
1. Market Weston || ; Fakenham. Hind.]

Brachypodium, Pal. de Beauv.

1. !B. silvaticum, E. & S. Slender False Brome Grass.

Bab. Man. 444. Hook. St. Fl. 502. H.&S.100. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 122.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedges. July.
Frequent in all the districts.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

2. !B. pinnatum, Beauv. Heath False Brome Grass.
Bab. Man. 444. Hook. St. Fl. 502. H. & S. 100.
Herbaceous perennial ; on calcareous soil. July.
3. Bungay, Woodward, 1805.

Triticum, Linn.

1. T. caniniim, Huds. Agropyron caninum, Beauv..

Fibrous-rooted Wheat Grass.

411

Bab. Man. 444. Hook. St. Fl. 503. H. & S. 99. Top. Bot.
•Suff. K. and W. Galp. 129.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks and in thickets ; rare.

July.

1. Hard wick, Hb. Sk. : — Hawstead, H. & S.
' 2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens. :— Thurlow, Hb. F. :— Rede,
Hb. Turn.

3. Bungay, Sk. ms.

4. Sibton || :— Dunwich, T.W.G. 5. Offton, H. <& S.
Earliest record 1853. Prof. Henslow.

"2. T. repens, Linn. Ayropyron repens, Beauv.

Couch Grass.

Bab. Man. 445. Hook. St. Fl. 504. H. <k S. 99. Hist. Yarm.
"Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 122.

Herbaceous perennial ; in hedges and fields. June.
Frequent in all the districts. J

T. barbatum.

'-'\ 1. Honington. 2. Wickhambrook.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

-3. T. pungens, Pers. *Agropyron pungens, Roem.

Q and Schult. Pungent Wheat Grass.

Bab. Man. 445. Hook. St. Fl. 504.

Herbaceous perennial ; on the sea- coast. July.

3. Lowestoft ; Breydon Water || ; Kessingland : —
Lake Lothing, Hb. Sk.

5. Stutton ; Catawade and Ipswich : — Erwarton, Hb.
Ek.

T. littorale. Agropyron littorale, Reichb.
Hook. St. Fl. 504.

I , 8. Lowestoft, E. Sk. 4. Dunwich, T.W.G.

5. Stutton :— Aldeburgh, Hb. F.
A proliferous monstrosity of this species was gathered
at Kessingland || Sep. 15th, 1886.

Earliest notice 1850. Rev. S. Rickards.

4. T. acutum, DC. Agropyron acutum, non R. <& S.

Acute Wheat Grass.

Bab. Man. 445. Hook. St. Fl. 504. Top. Bot. Stiff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy sea-shore. July, Aug.
3. Kessingland : — Breydon, G. C. Druce.

412

4. Dunwich ||.

5. Ipswich ? : — Felixstowe, Purclias.
Earliest notice 1861. Kev. W. H. Purchas.

5. T. jimceum, Linn. Agropyron junceum, Beauv.

Rushy Sea Wheat Grass.

Bab. Man. 445. Hook. St. Fl. 504. H. & S. 99. Hist. Yarm.
Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy sea-shores.

July, August.

3. Gorleston and Kessingland :— Lowestoft ||, Hbb..
Cos., Sk., & Ly.

4. Dunwich [| :— Sizewell, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh, Hb. Cas. : — Felixstowe, Purchas.
Earliest record 1724. Buddie.

Elymus, Linn.

1. E. arenarius, Linn. Lyme Grass.

Bab. Man. 446. Hook. St. Fl. 507. H.&S.99. Hist. Yarm. ?
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on sandy sea -shores. July.

, 3. Lowestoft, Hb. Cas. :— Pakefield, Hb. Cas. :— .
South wold, Holmes: — Easton Bavents, E.N.B. : — Corton,
Phyt. 1862 :— Kessingland.

4. Dunwich || : — Thorpe, E.N.B.
Earliest notice 1597. Gerarde.

Hordeum, Linn.

2. "FT. pratense, Huds. Meadow Barley.

Bab. Man. 446. Hook. St. FL 506. H. & S. 99. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist meadows. July.

1. Honington; Sapiston; Ixworth Thorpe ||: — Paken-
ham, Eb. Cas. : — Barton, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Fornham and
Hardwick, H. & S. : — Ickworth Park and Dalham, Sk. ms.

2. Wickhambrook : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens. : — Nayland,
Gray :— Kersey, E.F.L. :— Cockfield, W. J. :— Kede, Hb.
Turn.

3. Pastures near Breydon Water and South wold ;
Belton : — Somerleyton, Hb. Sk. : — Bungay, Stock.

4. Dunwich :— Gt. Glemham, E.N.B.

5. Aldeburgh; Orford ; Felixstowe; Catawade : — >

413

Grundisburgh, T.H.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

3. H. nmriimni, Linn. Wall Barley +

Bab. Man. 446. Hook. St. Fl. 506. H. &. S. 99. Hist. Yarm..
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 122.

Biennial herb ; under walls and in waste places.

June, July.:

1. Honington 1 1 ; Hopton ; Market Weston ; Brandon :
—Barton, Hb. Blk. :— Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Mildenhall, Sir
C.J.F.B.

2. Melford; Bures to Stoke : — Hitcham, Hb. Hens.: —
Kersey, E.F.L. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Bungay ; South town ; Gorleston and Kessingland.

4. Dunwich ; Eedgrave ; Botesdale : — Gt. Glemham,.
E.N.B.

5. Needham Market ; Shrubland ; Clay don ; Felix-
stowe ; Stutton ; Catawade : — Grundisburgh, T.H .

H. arenarium, Bab.

5. Walton 1 1.

Earliest record 1833. Mrs. Casborne.

4. TT. maritimum, With. Sea-side Barley*

Bab. Man. 446. Hook. St. Fl. 506,7. H. &S.99. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual herb ; on the sea-coast. June.

3. Lowestoft and Lake Lothing : — Southwold, Hb.
Blk. :— Breydon Water '||, Wigg :— near Burgh Castle, J. T*
SymeinHb.Geld.

4. Dunwich || ; Walberswick: — Snape, E.N.B.

5. Felixstowe : — Orford and Slaughden, Crabbe : —
Aldeburgh, Sir C.J.F.B. :-^Landguard Fort, Hb. Sk. : —
Catawade Bridge, H. & S.

Earliest record 1805. Rev. G. Crabbe.

Lepturus, E. Broivn.

1. L. filiformis, Trin. Sea Hard Grass*.

Bab. Man. 446,7. Hook. St. Fl. 504,5. H. & S. 99. Hifet. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Annual herb ; in gravelly and waste places by the sea.

July*

414

3. Lowestoft, Hb.Sk.: — near Burgh Castle, Phyt.
11862 :— Breydon Water, C.B. :— ' At the head of Lowestoft

Broad,' (Lake Lothing), Woodward : — Breydon Bank, Paget.
t(L. incurvatus,) the name given by some of these authorities
•evidently refers to our plant, which is so named in all the

Floras of the first four decades of this century.

4. Sizewell and Snape, E.N.B.: — Dunwich, Holmes
dn Hb. Ly.

5. Felixstowe || Hb. F. & C.B.
Earliest record 1812. Woodward.

[L. incurvatus, Trin. Specimen from Dunwich, Holmes
•dn Hb. Ly.]

Lolium, Linn.

1. L. perenne, Linn. Common Rye Grass

Bab. Man. 447. Hook. St. Fl. 503. H. & S. 100. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 122.

Herbaceous perennial; in meadows and pastures.

Common in all the districts. June.

Panicled and crested forms are tolerably frequent, e.g.
Hitcham, Hb. Hens.

c. L. tenue, Linn.

.. Bab. Man. 447.

1. Near Barningham Park, Bardwell ||.
Earliest record 1775. Sir J, Cullum.

'{Hi. italicum, A. Braun. Italian Rye Grass*

Bab. Man. 447. Hook. St. Fl. 503. H. «k S. 100. Top. Bot.
••fiuff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in meadows ; usually sown.

June.

1. Bury, Hb. 8k. : — Honington; Sapiston || ; Brandon
;and Lakenheath : — Barnham, Gray.

2. Rede, Hb. Turn. :— Cockfield, W.J.

3. Benacre. 4. Eye ||. 5. Stutton.
Earliest notice 1860. Henslow & Skepper.]

"2. Ti. tenaulentum, Linn. Darnel.

Bab. Man. 447. Hook. St. Fl. 503. H.& S. 100. Hist. Yarm. ?
•Galp. 122.

Annual weed ; in cultivated fields. June to Aug.

• 1. Bury, Hb. Sk. :— Pakenham, Hb. Gas.

415

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens. :— Haverhill ||, Herb. F.

3. Bungay, Stock :— St. Margarets (E.A.H.), Galp.

4. Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. :— Dunwich, Dr. Woodward
inHb. Geld.

b. L. arvense. With.

Bab. Man. 447. Hook. St. Fl. 503. H. & S. 100.

1. Barton, Hb. Elk. :— Bury, Hb. Sk.

2. Nayland 1 1 :— Hitcham, H b. Hens.

3. Bungay, Woodward. 5. Ipswich, H. & S~
Earliest record 1798. Eev. G. Crabbe.

|1 CRYPTOGAM E/C.

EQUISETACE/E.

Equisetum, Linn.

1. E. arvense, Linn. Corn Horsetail*.

Bab. Man. 448. Hook. St. Fl. 521. H. & S. 104. Hist.Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 125.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist meadows. April-

Frequent in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

3. E. maximum, Z/flw. Great Horsetail..

Bab. Man. 449. Hook. St. Fl. 522. H. & S. 104. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 129.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet places. April..

2. Wiston :— Lit. Thuiiow, Hb. F. :— Brent Eleigh,.
C.B.

3. Cold Springs at Barnby, and between Bungay and
Halesworth, Woodward : — Bungay and Lowestoft, H. & S.:.
— Beccles.

5. Bentley||; Sutton ; Woolverstone ; Melton: —
Ipswich and Eamsholt, H. & S.

Earliest record 1805. Woodward.

4. E. silvaticum, Linn. Branched Wood Horsetail.,
Bab. Man. 449. Hook. St. Fl. 522. H. & S. 104.
Herbaceous perennial ; moist banks and woods.

June, July..

416

. Mentioned without locality in 1775, Sir J. Cullum. : —
Suffolk, Moore, H. & S.

5. E. limosum, Linn. Smooth Naked Horsetail.

Bab. Man. 449,50. Hook. St. Fl. 522,3. H. & S. 104. Hist.
Yarm. Top Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 125.

Herbaceous perennial ; in water. June, July.

Frequent in all the districts.

b. E. fluviatile, Linn.
Bab. Man. 450. Hook. St. FL 523.

1. Fakenham 1 1 ; Barnham. 2. Hitcham, Hb. Hens.
3. Beccles: — between Halesworth and Bungay, Ms.
Davy.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

"6. E. palustre, Linn. Marsh Horsetail.

Bab. Man. 450. Hook. St. Fl. 522. H. &S. 104. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 125.

Herbaceous perennial ; in bog£ and fens. June, July.

Frequent in all the districts.

b. E. polystachyum, Auct.

Bab. Man. 450. Hook. St. F1.522. H. & S. 104.

1. Tuddenham, Hb. 8k. :— Mildenhall, Sir C.J.E.B. :
— Stowlangtoft, Hb. Ek. :— Wangford.

2. Long Melford. 4. Redgrave Fen.

c. E. nudum,, DC. E. subnudum.
Bab. Man. 450. Hook. St. FL 522.
1. Hopton || : — Mildenhall, Miss Pertz.

Earliest record 1834. Paget.

*7. E. hiemale, Linn. Rough Horsetail.

Bab. Man. 450. Hook. St. Fl. 523. H. & S. 104. Top. Bot.
Suff. W.

Herbaceous perennial ; on moist banks and in woods.

July, August.

1. The Bradfields, C.B. :— Hawstead, Hb. Sk. :—
Drinkstone and Woolpit Heath, Hb. F. : — Hardwick, H.cftS.:
— * Banks of a pond in Horsecroft Wood, three miles West
of Bury, Sir J. Cullum,' Dill. Ray inHort. Ox.

2. — Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

Earliest notice 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

417

FILICES.

Poly podium, Linn.

1. P. VTllgare, Linn. Common Polypody.

Bab. Man. 454. Hook. St. Fl. 518. H. & S. 105. Hist. Yarm.
1 top. Bot. Buff. E. and W. Galp. 124.

Herbaceous perennial ; on banks and trees.

Frequent in all the districts. August to October.

P. serratum, Willd.
Lond. Cat. 1801. b.

2. Hitcliam, Hb. Hens. : — Lavenliam, Hb. Sk.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

Lastrea, Presl.

1. L. Thelypteris, Presl. Nephrodium Thelypteris, Desv.

Marsh Fern.

Bab. Man. 456. Hook. St. Fl. 518. H. & 8. 105. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 129.

Herbaceous perennial ; in marshy woods. July, Aug.

1. Ixworth Thorpe Carr : — Cavenham Severals, Hb.
Sk. :— Mildenhall, Hb. Elk. :— Felsham Wood, C.B.

3. Lound 1 1 : — Worlingham and Barnby : — Fritton,
Hb. Sk. : — Hopton and Bradwell Commons, Wigg : — Wang-
ford; Blundeston and Belton, H. & S. : — Bungay, Woodward:
^-Benacre, F. Spalding.

5. Bramford, rare, Miller.

Earliest record 1775. Sir J. Cullum.

2. L. Oreopteris, Presl. Nephrodium Oreopteris, Desv.

Su'eet Mountain Fern.

Bab. Man. 456. Hook. St. Fl. 518. H. & S. 105. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; in moist heaths and woods.

July.

1. Felsham ||, C.B.

3. Bradwell, D. Turner : — Herringfleet, E.N.B.
Earliest record 1834. Paget.

3. L. !Filix-mas, Presl. Nephrodium Felix-mas, Rich.

Male Fern.

418

Bab. Man. 456. Hook. St. Fl. 516. H. <k S. 105. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. B. and W. Galp. 124.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedges.
Frequent in all the districts. June, July.

Earliest record 1772. Sir J. Cullum.

6. L. cristata, Presl. Nephrodium cristatum, Eich.

Crested Fern.

Bab. Man. 457. Hook. St. Fl. 516,17. H. & S. 105.

Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Herbaceous perennial ; on boggy heaths ; rare. Aug.

3. Fritton Decoy, H b. Sk. & Ms. Davy.

4. Westleton Decoy, Ms. Davy : — Edge of Westleton
Moor, F. Spalding.

5. Bexley Decoy, near Ipswich 1 1, Pliyt. O.S., H. Bid-
well & Haward.

Earliest record about 1815. Davy.

Qb. Ti. uliginosa, Newm. Lloyd's Fern.

Bab. Man. 457. Hook. St. Fl. 517. Newm. Br. Ferns. 163-8.
Herbaceous perennial ; in boggy woods and heaths.

August.

3. Boggy wood at Barnby. 5. Near Ipswich, Miller. .
First notice August 25th, 1887. Hind.

7. L. spinulosa, Presl. Nephrodium spinulosum, Desv.

Withering's Fern.

Bab. Man. 457. Hook. St. Fl. 517. H. & S. 105.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in wet heaths and woods.

August, September.

1. Ixworth Thorpe ; Livermere ; Cavenham || : — Fel-
sham Wood, C.B. : — Santon Downham ; Wangford; Caven-
ham Severals, 8k. ms.

2. Wiston :— Whepstead, Sk. ms.

3. Lound 1 1 ; Bel ton ; Mettingham ; Covehithe ;
Barnby : — Fritton Decoy, Hb. Sk. : — Benacre, F. Spalding :

— Worlingham, R. E. Leach : — Herring-fleet, J. W. Ewing
in Hb. Geld.

4. Gt. Glemham ; Benhall, E.N.B. :— Edge of Westle-
ton Moor, F. Spalding : — Heveningham, T. W. G.

5. Nacton, Miller.

Earliest record 1855. T. W. Gissing.

419

8. L. dilatata, Presl. Nephwdium dilatatum, Desv.

Roth's Fern.

Bab. Man. 458. Hook. St. Fl. 517. H. & S. 105.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods. August, September.

1. Ixwortli Thorpe ; Livermere; Thelnetham; Caven-
ham || : — Wangford, H. & S. : — Icklingham, Sk. ms.

2. Wiston and Polstead : — Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

8. Lound 1 1 ; Hopton ; Belton :— Fritton, H. & 8. :—
Herringfleet ; Covehithe, Sk. ms.

4. Near Redgrave Fen : — Benliall, H. & S. : — Peasen-
hall, T.W.G. :— Westleton, E. E. Leach.

5. Loudham Hall ; Wickham Market and Sutton
Haugli, F. Spalding'. — Iken, E.N.B.: — Nacton and Bentley,
Miller : — Woodbridge, H b. Ly.

L. ylandulosa, Newm. Neprodium glandulosum, Newm.

Bab. Man. 458. Hook. St. Fl. 517.

4. Redgrave Fen : — near Dunwich.

Earliest record 1860. Henslow and Skepper.

"9. L. geniTlla, Brack. Nephrodium tzmulum, Baker.

Hay-scented Fern.
Bab. Man. 458. Hook. St. Fl. 517,18.
Sweet-scented herbaceous perennial ; banks and woods.

August, September.
8. In a copse at Lound 1 1. 1883. Hind.

Polystichum, Both.

2. P. aculeatum, Ftoth. Aspidium aculeatum, Sw.

Prickly Fern.

Bab. Man. 458,9. Hook. St. Fl. 516. H. & S. 105. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Evergreen perennial ; in hedge- banks and copses.

Frequent in all the districts. July, August.

P. lobatum, Presl. Aspidium lobatum, Sw.

Bab. Man. 459. Hook. St. Fl. 516. H. & S. 105. Hist. Yarm

1. Bradfield; Bury; Rushbrooke, H . & S. :— HardI
wick, Hb. Ly.

2. Groton, H. & S.

3. Mettingham : — Belton ; Sotterley, H. & S

4. Gt. Glemham, E.X.B.

420

5. Around Ipswich, now scarce, Miller : — Bentley,
LS. Soc.

Earliest record 1776. Sir J. Cullum.

3. P. angular e, Newm. Aspidium anyulare, Willd.

Willdenow's Fern.

Bab. Man. 459. Hook. St. FL 516. H. & S. 105. Top. Bot.
Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in woods and hedge-banks.

July, August.

1. Bardwell || :— Bradfield St. George, C.B.

2. Hitcham, Prof. Hens. : — Hadleigh, F. Spalding.

3. Gorleston, Phyt. 1863.

4. Westleton, F. Spalding :— Benhall, E.N.B.

5. Holbrooke, Hb. F. : — Felixstowe, Purchas: — around
Ipswich, Miller.

Earliest notice 1860. Prof. Henslow.

Cystopteris, Bernh.

1. C. fragilis, Bernh. Brittle Bladder Fern.

Bab. Man. 459. Hook. St. FL 515. H. &. S. 105.
Small herbaceous perennial ; on limestone or walls.

July, August.
Newman records it for Suffolk, but without locality.

3. Bungay, Moore, 1859 ?

4. Yoxford, Moore ?

Athyrium, Both.

1. A. ITilix-fcemina, Bernh. Asplenium Filix-famina,
Bernh. Lady Fern.

Bab. Man. 460 Hook. St. FL 513,4. ;H. & S. 105. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 123.

Herbaceous perennial ; in damp shady places.

June, July,

a. A. rli(Bticum, Roth. Asplenium rliceticum, Both.
Bab. Man. 460. Hook. St. FL 513.

1. Ixworth Thorpe ||. 2. Wiston.

5. Woolver stone.

b. A. Filix-fcemina t Roth.
Bab. Man. 460.

421

1. Ixworth Thorpe || . 2. Polstead Marsh.

3. Lound and Belton : — Fritton Decoy, Hb. Sk. : —
Worlingham, II. K. Leach.

4. Westleton : — Palgrave, Collins.

The forms have not been distinguished in the following-
localities :

1. Icklingham and Cavenham Severals, Sk.ms.: —
Hawstead, Sir J. Cullum.

2. Hitcham Wood, H. & S. :— Sudbury, W. D. King,
Phyt. O.S.

3. Bungay, H. & S. : — Covehithe Eectory and Herring-
fleet, Sk. ms. : — Benacre, 1867 : — Flixton, Gulp.

A form named A. robustum by Mr. Wollaston, T. Mf
Spalding. This form is not given by Newman, nor in any
Flora to which we have access.

4. East Bridge, Theberton. T.W.G.

5. In a moist wood at Button Haugh, F. Spalding : —
Bentley and Nacton, Miller : — Bromeswell, Crabbe in Ms*
Davy.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Asplenium, Linn.

3. A. Adiantum-nigrum. Linn. Black Spleenwort.

Bab. Man. 461. Hook. St. Fl. 513. H. &S.105. Hist. Yarm,
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Small herbaceous perennial ; on old walls. June to Sep.

1. Livermere ; Ingham ; West Stow: — Woolpit, Hb..
F. : — Saxham and Kougham, H. & S. : — Felsham Church |L
W.J.

2. Nayland : — Lavenham, Hb. Sk. : — Polstead, Hb.Cas. r
— Hitcham, Prof. Hens.

3. Bungay, Sir J. Cullum : — Lound, Paget : — LCovehither
Sk. ms.

4. Cotton and Braiseworth, C.B. : — edge of Westleton
Moor, F. Spalding, : — Parham, H. & S. : — Lit. Glemham
and Benhall, E.N.B.

5. Ipswich and Bentley, Miller.
Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. A- Trichomanes, Linn. Common Spleenwort*

Bab. Man. 461. Hook. St. Fl. 512. H.&S.105. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. ? Top. Bot. SufE. E. and W.

422

Small herbaceous perennial ; on old walls. May to Sep.

1. West Stow || ; Ingham ; Pornham ; Livermere : —
All Saints' Church, Stanton, Sk. ma. : — Wetherden Church,
F. : — Haughley, T.B.: — Rushbrooke Hall, Mrs.Carss: —
.Santon Downham, Noryate.

2. Brockley Church, Sk. ms.

4. Braiseworth, C.B.- — Framlingham, Crabbe : — Ben-
hall Church, E.N.B.

5. Bentley Priory, C.B. :— Orford, F. SpaUing :— Aide-
burgh, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

7. A. Ruta-muraria, Linn. Wall Rue Fern.

Bab. Man. 462. Hook. St. Fl. 511. H. & S. 105. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 123.

Small herbaceous perennial ; on old walls. May to Sep.

1. Wattisfield and Woolpit Churchyards ; Fornham
St. Martin; Thetford:— All Saints' Church, Stanton, Hb.
8k. : — on Church and walls, Hawstead, Sir J. Outturn : — -
Culford, Gray : — Elmswell and Rushbrooke Hall Moat, Mrs.
Cans.

2. Bildeston Churchyard : — Long Melford Church,
Hb.F.

3. Gorleston : — Bungay, Sir J. Outturn: — Lowestoft
Church, Hb. Sk. : — Southwold Church, Stone.

4. Walberswick and Wingfield Churches: — Framling-
ham Church, Parkinson, Crabbe, d- E.N.B. : — Eye Church,
T.W.a. :— Saxmundham Church, H. & 8. :— Syleham ; Fres-
singfield Church Wall, Galp.

5. Aldeburgh Church, T.B. : — Orford and Bramford,
Miller.

Earliest record 1640. Parkinson.

Scolopendrium, 8m.

1. S- vulgar 6, Sym. Hart's-tongue.

Bab. Man. 462. Hook. St. Fl. 514. H. & S. 105. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Yarm. lop. Bot. Suff E. and W. Galp. 124.

Evergreen perennial ; in shady places. July, August.

1 . Sapiston ; Bardwell ; Honington ; Fakenham ;
Market Weston ; Ingham ; West Stow : — Walsham, Hb.
Dun. : — Woolpit, F. : — Fornham ; Hawstead ; Rushbrooke;
• Thurston ; Lit. Welnetham, Mrs. Carss.

423

2. Wiston :— Hitcham, Prof. Hem. :— Sudbury, W. D-
King, Pliyt. O.S. : — Hadleigli and Kersey, F. Spalding.

3. Mettingham and Worlingham : — Gorleston, Phyt*
1863.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : —
Westleton, F. Spalding.

5. Bentley and Woolverstone : — Woodbridge, Hb.Ly*
Earliest record 1798. Rev. G. Crabbe.

Ceterach, Willd.

1. C. officinarum, Willd. Asplenium Ceterach, Linn.
Rustyback.

Bab. Man. 462. Hook. St. Fl. 514. Galp. 123.

Top. Bot. SuflE. W.

Small evergreen perennial ; on old walls. April to Sep..

1. At Bury, Woodward in With., now lost.

2. Lavenham||, C.B. & Dr. White.

4. Church Wall, Mendham, Galp.: — Framlingham^
Parkinson.

Earliest record 1640. Parkinson.

Blechnum, Linn.

1. 33. boreale, Sw. Lomaria Spicant, Desv-

Northern Hard Fern.

Bab. Man. 463. Hook. St. Fl. 511. H. & S. 105.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Evergreen perennial ; in moist places and heaths.

July.

1. Bradfield Combust, Mrs. Terry : — Ampton Holmes-
and Cavenham Severals, Sk. ms.

2. Cornard and Assington Woods, W. D. King, Phyt*
O.S. :— Polstead, F. Spalding.

3. Lound || : — Fritton Decoy, H. & S. : — Gunton : —
W. of Benacre Broad ; between Covehithe and So. Cove
Church, Sk. m$.

4. Walberswick : — Snape Bog, H. & S. : — Blythburgk
Fen and Westleton Moor, F. Spalding.

5. Blackheath, Aldeburgh, Rev. J. Longe, Jide E.N.B. n
—Bentley, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

424

Pteris, Linn.

1. P. aquilina, Linn. Common Brake.

Bab. Man. 463. Hook. St. PL 510. H. & S. 105. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 123.

Deciduous perennial ; in heaths and woods. July.

Common in all the districts.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Osmunda, Linn.

1. O. regalis, Linn. Flowering Fern*

Bab. Man. 464. Hook. St. Fl. 520. H. & S. 105. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Stiff. E. and VV.

Tall handsome fern, formerly tolerably frequent in
Suffolk, now nearly everywhere extirpated ; in bogs.

July to September.

1. West Suffolk, without locality, Varennein Top. Bot.
Suff. : — Ampton, possibly introduced.

2. Wiston, evidently introduced.

3. Lound, D. Turner: — Fens at Hopton and near
Browston Hall, W-ujq : — Fritton and Belton, Paget : — Fritton
Decoy, Hb. 8k. :— Herringfleet, E.N.B. 1862. * * All seemed
dead at second visit ten years afterward.' Benacre Broad
and Flixton, Sk. m.s.

4. Leiston Decoy, Ms. Davy.

5. Woolverstone, probably introduced : — Blackheath ;
near Aldeburgh, Rev. J. Longe,fide E.N.B. : — Iken Decoy,
F. Spalding.

Earliest record 1776. Sir J. Cullum.

Botrychium, Sw.
1. B. Lunaria, 8w. Moonwort.

Bab. Man. 464. Hook. St. Fl. 520,1. H. & S. 105.

Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pastures and bogs.

May to July.

1. Bury, Sir T. G. Cullum :— Thetford, Hb. Blk. :—
Warren hill, near Mildenhall, Sir C.J.F.B. : — Lakenheath ;
Kennett ; Eougham, H. & S. : — Ampton Holmes, Sk. ms. : —
Santon Downham, Nor gate.

3. Blundeston ; Fritton ; Hopton ; Browston : — -
Lowestoft, Hb. Geld.

425

4. Leiston, H. & 8. : — in an old pasture, Laxfield, F.
•Spalding : — Theberton, Ms. Davy.

5. Melton, H. & 8.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Ophioglossum, Linn.

1. O. vulgatum, Linn. Adder' s-tongue.

Bab. Man. 465. Hook. St. Fl. 520. H. & S. 104. Hist. Fram.
Hist. Bury. Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 124.

Herbaceous perennial ; in pastures. May, June.

1. Knettishall || ; Ixwortb Thorpe ; Wangford; Coney
Weston; Barton Mills :— Mildenliall Fen, Hb. Elk. :— Kush-
brooke, Hb. 8k. :— Walsham, Hb. Dun. :— Woolpit, Hb. F.:
— Clopton Grove, Mrs. Parker : — Barningham, E.F.L. : —
Lit. Welnetham ; Bardwell ; Ickworth and Saxham, H. & 8. :
— Eougham, Hb. Rk. : — ' Near the Moor on Hardwick Heath,'
Sir J. Cullum :— Mermaid's Pits, Bury, Hb. Ly. : — Santon
Downham, Nor gate.

2. Hitcham, H b. Hens. :— Clare, J.F.W.

3. Mettingham Castle, Woodward :— St. Cross, H.B. C. :
— Bungay, F. Spalding : — Belton.

4. Framlingham, Crabbe : — Gt. Glemham, E.N.B. : —
Fressingfield, Galp.

5. Baylham, F. : — Hemingstone, T.B. : — Sproughton
and Whitton, Miller.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

< MARSILEACE/E.

Pi Maria, Linn.

1. P. globulifera, Linn. Pillwort.

Bab. Man. 465. Hook. St. Fl. 527. H. & S. 104. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E.

Perennial aquatic plant ; in margins of ponds.

June, July.

3. Hopton Common, Hb. Sk. & Stone: — Bungay, H. & S*
Earliest record 1805. Stone.

LYCOPODIACE/E.

Lycopcdium, Linn.

426

1. L. clavatum, Linn. Common Club-moss..

Bab. Man. 467. Hook. St. Fl. 524. H. & S. 104.

Top. Bot. Suff. E. (a mistake for W.)

A prostrate perennial ; on heaths ; rare in Suffolk.

July, August.

1. Tuddenham Heath, Hb. Sk. One patch growing on
the Heath, E.N.B.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

4. L. inundatum, Linn. Marsh Club-moss*

Bab. Man. 467. Hook. St. Fl. 524,5. H. & S. 104. Hist. Yarm.
Top. Bot. Suff. E. and W. Galp. 129.

Small perennial ; on boggy heaths. August, Sep.

1. Tuddenham, Hb. 8k.

3. Herringfleet, Rev. G. E. Leathes : — Lound and Bel-
ton Commons, Wiyg : — Bungay (H.S.), Galp.

4. Westleton, Davy.

Earliest record 1805. Rev. G-. R. Leathes, &c.

CHARACE^E.

Chara, Ag.

13. C. fragilis, Desv. Brittle Chara.

Bab. Man. 473. Lond. Cat. 1833.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; in streams, ditches and
pools. June to August.

1. Coney Weston || ; Ixworth Thorpe ; Mildenhall Fen,
Lakenheath. This last plant approaches, C. capillacea,
Coss & G.

4. Redgrave Fen.

d. C. Hedwigii, Kuetz. Hedwig's Chara*

Bab. Man. 473. Lond. Cat. 1833.d.

1. Suffolk, W., W. M. Hind, Comm. A. Bennett., J. of
B., Jany, 1883, p. 20.

Earliest notice 1876. Hind.

10. C. aspera, Willd. Rough Chara.

Bab. Man. 472. Lond. Cat. 1836. Galp. 125.
Leafless submerged aquatic ; in fen pools and lakes.

July, August.
1. Coney and Market Weston and Hopton Fens.

427

8. Benacre Broad ||.

4. Kedgrave Fen || :— Weybread Mill, H.B.C.
Earliest notice 1876. Hind.

7- C. polyacantha, A. Braun. Prickly Chara.

Bab. Man. 472. Lond. Cat. 1837.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; in fen pools and ponds.

June, July.

1. Bugg's Hole, Thelnetham || ; Market Weston ;
Sapiston :— Barton Mere, C.B.

First notice July 10, 1883. Hind.

5. C. contraria, Kuetz. Opposite Chara.
Bab. Man. 471. Lond. Cat. 1839.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; in pools. July.

1. Lakenheath ? 1883. Hind.

6. C. Mspida, Linn. Hispid Chara.
Bab. Man. 471,2. H. & S. 113. Hist. Yarm. Lond. Cat. 1842.
Leafless submerged aquatic ; in ditches, pits & fen pools.
' Frequent in the fen commons of Suffolk.' With.

May to August,

1. Hopton Fen || ; Thelnetham ; Sapiston ; Livermere;
Lakenheath: — Mildenhall, Hb.Blk.: — Lackford Bridge,
•Sir T. G. Cullum.

3. Belton Common, D. Turner : — bogs on Bradwell
Common, Wigg.

4. Redgrave Fen || :— Rendham, E.N.B.
Earliest record 1774. Sir J. Cullum.

4. C. vulgaris, Linn. C.fcetida, A. Braun.

Common Chara.

Bab. Man. 471. H. & S. 113. Hist. Yarm. Lond. Cat. 1843.
Galp. 125.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; in ditches, streams and
ponds. June.

1. Ixworth Thorpe || ; Coney Weston || ; Hopton;
Bardwell ; Livermere ; Lakenheath ; Mildenhall : — Barton

. Mere, C.B.

2. Hitcham.

3. St. Olave's Bridge ; Beccles and Kessingland : —
Gorleston, Pa get.

428

4. Eye ; Oakley :— between Redgave and Mellis, A.B. :
• — Mendham Marshes, H.B.C. : — Framlingham, Crabbe.

b. C. longibracteata, Kuetz. Long bracted Cham.

Bab. Man. 471. Lond. Cat. 1843.b. Suffolk East, 1874,

F. J. Hanbury. J. of B. Jan. 1883, p, 20.

1. Thelnetham, 1883 ; Livermere||, 1885; The Lark,
Mildenhall, 1886.

3. Kessingland, 1886. 4. Saxmundham, E.N.B.

c. C. papillata, Wallr. Papillate Chara.

Lond. Cat. 1843.C. Suffolk East, 1883, G. C. Druce and

Bolton King.

1. Thelnetham, June 28, 1883.

Earliest record 1773. Sir J. Cullum.

Tolypella, LeonJi.

4. T. intricata, Leonh. T. polysperma, Ziz_

Intricate Tolypella.

Bab. Man. 470. H. & S. 113. Lond. Cat. 1851.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; in running water.

April, May*.

1. Bury St. Edmunds. Bab. Man. edd. 6-8.
Earliest record 1860.

2. T. glomerata, Leonh. Glomerate Tolypella^

Bab. Man. 470. Lond. Cat. 1849.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; usually in brackish ponds.
or ditches. April.

1. Lakenheath, G. C. Druce, 1883.

Mitel la Agardh.

4. N. translucens, Agardh. Translucent Nitella^

Bab. Man. 469. H. &S. 113. Hist. Yarm. Lond. Cat. 1855.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; in deep stagnant pools.

July..

8. Browston, in a turf-pit near the water, Sir W. J^
Hooker.

Earliest record 1812. Sir W. J. Hooker.

429

1. 3ST. flexilis, Agardh. Flexile Nitella*

Bab. Man. 468. Hist. Yarm. Lond Cat. 1856.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; in pools and ditches. May-

3. Hopton Common, Stone : — ditch near Fritton Decoy r
Sk. ms.

5. Frequent in the ponds about Henley, not far from
Ipswich, Budd in Dill. Ray.

Earliest record 1724. Buddie.

2. N. Opaca, Agardh. Opaque Nitella*
Bab. Man. 469. Lond. Cat. 1857.

Leafless submerged aquatic ; in pools and ditches.

May, June.

1. Lakenheath, 1883, G. C. Druce.

2. Suffolk East, 1799, D. Turner (in Linn. Soc. Herb.}

430

PALXEONTOLOGICAL BOTANY

OF

SUFFOLK.

DICOTYLEDONES.

Thalictrum flavum, Linn. Meadow flue.

The achenes common at Pakefield, Eeid.

Ranunculus aquatilis, Linn. Water Crowfoot.

Achenes abundant nearly everywhere in the Upper and
Lower fresh water beds, Reid : — Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Ranunculus sceleratus, Linn. Celery-leaved Crowfoot.

Achenes, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Ranunculus Flammula, Linn. Lesser Spearwort*

Achenes, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Ranunculus repens, Linn. Creeping Crowfoot.

Pakefield, Reid : — Achenes, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Nuphar lutea, 8m. Yellow Water Lily.

One of the commonest plants, nearly everywhere, Reid.

Prunus spinosa, Linn. Sloe.

Rare, Pakefield, Eeid.

Comarum palustre, Linn. Marsh Cinque/oil.

Fruits, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Rubus Idaeus, Linn. Raspberry.

Stones, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Rubus fruticosus, Linn. Blackberry.

Pakefield, Eeid.

Trapa natans, Linn. Water Caltrops.

Pakefield, Reid. Now extinct in Britain.

Myriophyllum spicatum, Linn. Spiked Milfoil.

Fruit, Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

431

Hippuris vulgaris, Linn. Mare's-tail.

Fruits, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

(Enanthe Laclienalii, Gmel. Marsh Water Dropwart.

Pakefield, Reid.

CE nan the Phellandrium, Lam. Fine-leaved Water Dropwort.
Fruits, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Heracleum Spliondylium, Linn. Cow-Par snep.

A single well-preserved detached carpel has been found
at Pakefield, Reid and R. E. Leach.

Cornus sangu'inea, Linn. Dog-wood.

One unusally large seed, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Bidens cernua, Linn. Nodding Bur-Marigold*

Two fruits, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Bidens tripartita, Linn. Three-cleft Bur-Marigold.

Three Achenes at Kessingland, Reid and Ridley : —
Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

Picris hieracioides, Linn. Hawkweed Picris.

Fruit, Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

Lycopus europseus, Linn. Gipsy Wort.

Nutlet, Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

Suffida maritima, Dum. Sea Blite.

Seeds corresponding exactly with this species, except
that they are slightly smaller than my recent specimens r
occur in numerous localities, Reid.

Atriplex patula, Wahlb. Spreading Or ache.

Pakefield, Reid.

Eumex maritimus, Linn. Golden Dock.

Fruit common at most localities of the upper Fresh-
water bed, Reid. Bumex sp. Fruit, Pakefield,
R. E. Leach.

Euphorbia amygdaloides, Linn. Wood Spurge.

Seed, Pakefield, E. E. Leach.

Ceratophyllum demersum, Linn. Hornwort.

Fruit common at nearly all localities, Reid : — Fruits,
Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

432

tSalixpolaris, Wahlb. Now extinct in Britain. Polar Willow*
A stem, leaves and fruits, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

.Salix Myrsinites, Linn. Whortle-leaved Willow*

Leaves and fruit, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley. This was at
first sight supposed to be Vaccinium Myrtillus, Bilberry,
the leaves of both plants being much alike. See Prof.
Prestwich. Memoirs of the Geological Survey, on Quarter
Sheet No. 50, N.E.

Salix spp. Willow wood is common in the estuarine beds.

Reid.

Betula alba, Koch. B. verrucosa, Ehrh. White Birch.

Birch twigs are found in the estuarine beds, Reid.

Betula nana, Linn. Dwarf Birch.

Leaves, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Alnus glutinosa Gartn. Alder.

Cones and seeds, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley: — submerged
forest, Orwell, Taylor.

Fagus silvatica, Linn. Beech.

Submerged forest, Orwell, Taylor.

Quercus Robur, Linn. Oak.

Leaves and acorn cups at Pakefield, Reid: — Sicklesmere,
H. Prigg : — Hoxne, Prof. Prestwich : — Q. humilis, sub-
merged forest, Orwell, Taylor.

•Corylus Avellana, Linn. Hazel.

Submerged forest, Orwell.

•Carpinus Betulus, Linn. Hornbeam.

Fruit, Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

Taxus baccata, Linn. Yew.

Hoxne, Prof. Prestwich : — wood and seed, Reid and
Ridley : — abundant at Pakefield, Reid.

Pinus sp. Pine.

Hoxne, Prof. Prestwich : — bark, Reid and Ridley. Pre-
sumably the so-called Scotch Fir : — Orwell, Taylor.

Pinites succinifer, Gapp. This is indicated by amber found
between Aldeburgh and Thorpe.

433

MONOCOTYLEDONES.

Sparganium ramosum, Huds. Branched Bur -reed*

In the peaty deposit at Pakefield, Eeid : — one whole
fruit and one bitten in two, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

? Potamogeton heterophyllus, Schreb. Various-leaved

Pondweed.

Potamogeton rufescens, Schrad. Ruddy Pondweed,

Fruit, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Potamogeton crispus, Linn. Wavy Pondweed,

Several fruits, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Potamogeton pusillus, Linn. Petty Pondweed,

Fruit, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Potamogeton trichoides, Cham. Hairlike Pondweed r

Drupes of this species are very plentiful at Pakefield.
Reid : — Fruit, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Potamogeton pectinatus, Linn. Fennel Pondweed,

Drupes of this species, often £ inch, are common in
most of the lacustrine clays, Reid : — fruit, Hoxne, Reid
and Ridley.

Zannichellia palustris, Linn. Horned Pondweed.

Carpels of more than one variety of this species are
found in most of the fresh water clays. At Pakefield
a remarkably spinose form occurs, Reid. (Most likely
Z. pedicellata.)

Cyperus, sp. In peat at the mouth of the Deben, Taylor,

Cladium Mariscus, R. Br. C. germanicum, Schrad,

Twig Rush.
Fruit, Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

Eleocharis palustris, Linn. Marsh Clubrush,

An imperfect nut, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Scirpus lacustris, Linn. Bulrush.

Fruit, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley : — Pakefield, R. E. Leach,

Scirpus pauciflorus, Lir/htf. Few-flowered Clulrusli..

Found at Pakefield, Reid : — Fruit, Hoxne, Reid <& Ridley,

434

€arex remota, Linn. Distant Spiked Carex.

Nut in utricle, Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

Oarex ampullacea, Linn. Slender-beaked Bottle Carex.

Fruits, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

darex paludosa, Good. Marsh Carex.

A single fruit apparently of this species has been found
at Pakefield, Reid.

€arex riparia, Curt ? Great riparian Carex*

Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

ACOTYLEDONES.

Osmunda regalis, Linn. Flowering Fern.

A few specimens of the woody stock of this fern have
been found at the estuarine division of the forest bed
at different localities, Reid.

Ohara, sp.

One nucule, Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Sphagnum, sp. Bog-moss.

Submerged forest, Orwell, Taylor.

Philonotis fontana, Brid.

Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

"Weber a albicans, Schimp.

Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Bryum pallens, 8w.

Hoxne, lleid and Ridley.

Mnium punctatum, IAnn.
Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Acroceratium sarmentosum, Mitt.
Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Acroceratium cuspidatum, Mitt.
Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Bracythecium rutabulum, Bruch and Schimp.
Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

435

Brachythecium plumosum.
Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

Amblystegium fluitans, Mitt.

Hoxne, Reid mid Ridley : — Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

Campylium stellatum, Mitt.
Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Hylocomnium squarrosum, Schimp.
Hoxne, Reid and Ridley.

Eurynchium Swartzii, Turn.
Pakefield, R. E. Leach.

In addition to the above, remains of various plants from the
forest bed have been obtained, which have not yet been
identified. From the Eed Crag (Eocene period), near
Ipswich, remains of tropical or sub-tropical plants have
been obtained, chiefly from Foxhall, Waldringfield and
Bucklesham. In the Ipswich Museum are fossilized
cones of Banksia, remains of Pandanus or Screw Pine,
of Niphodites, Tricarpolithus, and of some Conifers and
Palms. Few, if any, of these can claim to be the pro-
ducts of an ancient Suffolk, as they bear the marks of
transposition from their original clime in some great
geological convulsion of a past age.

486

TABULAR VIEW

of the Floras of Suffolk, Essex, Cambridgeshire and Norfolk ;
and of the distribution of the Plants of Suffolk in the five
political divisions of the County.

The four columns on the left-hand, give a tabulated
view of the plants of the four Counties named above. The
Initial Letter of each County is placed in its proper column
on the same line with the name of the plant, to show that it
belongs to the Flora of the County indicated. A blank in
any column, on the same line with a plant, infers the
absence of the species in the County, the column belonging
to which is so left blank. The figures in the five columns to
the right of the list of plants, mark the divisions in which
the plants of Suffolk severally occur.

The column headed BURY, is for Division 1 — the North.
Western, or Stowmarket Divison. The column headed
SUDBUEY, is for Division 2 — the Southern, or Sudbury
Division. The column headed LOWESTOFT, is for Division 3
— the Northern, or Lowestoft Division. The column headed
EYE, is for Division 4 — the North Eastern, or Eye Division.
The column headed IPSWICH, is for Division 5 — the South
Eastern, or Woodbridge Division. In Divisions 1 and 5,
the Parliamentary Boroughs have been substituted for the
centres named in the Act under which they are constituted,
as being more important in themselves, and more truly
central. Such of the plants of the adjoining Counties as
have not been found in Suffolk, are printed in italics.

437

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„ flavum

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„ confusus

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„ „ salsuginosus

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„ Baudotii

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„ „ marinus

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„ floribundus ... ...

1

2

3

4

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„ penicillatus ...

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„ „ } submersus

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1

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„ circinatus

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3

4

5

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„ fluitans

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4

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„ hederaceus

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2

3

4

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„ sceleratus

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3

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„ „ pseudo-reptans

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„ Lingua

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„ Ficaria

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„ „ tomophyllus

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„ repens

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2

3

4

5

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„ bulbosus

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„ hirsutus

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„ ,, parvulus

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Caltha palustris

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[Eranthis hiemalis]

1

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3

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1

2

3

4

5

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„ foatidus

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2

3

4

5

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EONS fPapaver Argemorie

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E C N S f „ Ehoeas

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E — • S „ „ strigosa ...

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[ „ pannonicum] ...

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„ Sophia

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3

4

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„ thalianum

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2

3

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Alliarea officinalis

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Erysimum cheiranthoides ...

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2

3

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[ „ oriental e]

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1

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3

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3

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1

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1

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1

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4

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3

4

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1

2

3

4

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1

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1

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1

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Teesdalia nudicaulis

1

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4

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1

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[Lepidium Draba]

1

2

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1

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3

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flsatis tinctoria

1

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Cakile maritima

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3

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5

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—

—

3

—

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1

2

3

4

5

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Helianthemum vulgare

1

2

3

4

5

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1?

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3

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1

2

3

4

5

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,, hirta

1

2

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5

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,, silvatica

1

2

3

4

5

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„ Reichenbachiana

1

2

3

4

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„ canina

1

—

3

4

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1

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1

2

3

4

5

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0

N

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„ arvensis

1

2

8

4

5

E

0

N

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Drosera rotundifolia

1

—

3

4

—

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„ intermedia

1

—

3

4

—

—

0

N

S

„ anglica

1

—

—

4

—

E

c

N

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Frankenia laevis

—

—

3

4

5

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c

N

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Polygala vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

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1

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1

2

—

—

—

—

—

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1

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—

—

—

E

—

N

S

Dianthus Armeria

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

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„ prolifer

—

—

—

—

—

E

—

—

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1

—

—

—

—

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S

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—

—

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4

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„ deltoides

1

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—

—

5?

E

o

N

S

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1

2

3

4

5

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[ ,, Vaccaria] . .

—

—

3

—

—

E

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Silene gallica

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

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„ „ quinquevulnera

1

—

—

—

5

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—

N

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[ „ nutans]

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—

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„ Otites

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—

—

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„ inflata

1

2

3

4

5

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„ conica

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—

—

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„ noctiflora

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3

4

5

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N

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1

2

3

4

5

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„ vespertina

1

2

3

4

5

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„ diurna

1

2

3

4

5

E

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N

S

„ Githago

1

2

3

4

5

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N

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[Buffonia tenuifolia]
Sagina procumbens

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2

3?
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4

5

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—

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1

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—

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1

3

—

—

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„ maritima

—

3

4

5

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—

—

—

—

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N

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„ nodosa

1

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

Honkeneja peploides

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Alsine tenuifolia

1

2

—

—

5

—

—

S

„ „ laxa

1

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—

—

—

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—

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„ ,, hybrida ...

1

—

—

—

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Arenaria Trinervia

1

2

3

4

5

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N

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„ serpyllifolia

1

2

3

4

5

E

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N

S

„ leptoclados

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

S

Holosteum umbellatum

1

—

—

4

—

E

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N

S

Stellaria media

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

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1

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3

—

—

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—

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1

2

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—

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—

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—

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„ Holobtea

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„ glauca

1

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3

4

5

E

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N

S

,, graminea

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

,, uliginosa

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Malachium aquaticum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Cerastium glomeratum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

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„ triviale

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

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„ semidecandrum ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

„ tetrandrum

1

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ arvense

1

—

3

4

5

E

a

N

S

Mrenchia erecta

1

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Lepigonum rubrum

1

—

3

4

5

E

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N

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„ salinum

—

—

3

4

5

—

—

N

S

„ „ neglectum

—

—

—

4

5

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„ marinum

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—

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Spergula arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

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N

S

Scleranthus annuus

1

2

3

4

5

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„ „ biennis

1

2

3

4

5

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—

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„ perennis

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—

—

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Malva moschata

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2

3

4

5

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„ silvestris

1

2

3

4

5

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„ rotundifolia

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2

3

4

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Althaea officinalis

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2

3

4

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„ parvifolia

1

2

—

4

5

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—

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•\ ,, grandifolia

1

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3

—

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1

2

—

—

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—

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„ Androsaamum

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1 5

E? C N S „ moscbatum

— 2 3

N S [ „ maritimum]
E C - - S [Impatiens parviflora]

1?
1 5

— — N — [ „ Noli-me-tangere~\ ... •••

— — — — —

E G N S Oxalis Acetosella

12345

N S f „ corniculata

1? 4? —

S „ stricta

1? — —

E — N 8 Linum angustifolium

34 —

E C N S [ „ usitatissimum]

12345

E C N S „ perenne

1 — — — —

E C N S „ catbarticum

12345

E C N S Kadiola Millegrana

1—34 —

E C N S Euonymus europaeus

12345

E G N 8 Rbamnus catharticus

12345

E C N S „ Frangula

12345

E C N S Ulex europaeus

12345

E G N S „ nanus

1—345

N S „ Gallii

345

- S Genista pilosa

1

E C N S „ tinctoria

12345

E C N S „ anglica

1—345

E C N S Sarotbamnus scoparius

12345

E C N S Ononis arvensis, inermis ..

12345

443

I

,0

a
6

1

CO

s
PQ

Sudbur

4J

02

%

O

*1

0

03

S

Ononis arvensis, maritima...

.,.

3

5.

N

8

„ „ horrida

3

5

E

c

N

S

„ campestris

1

2

8

4

5.

E

c?

N

6

*Medicago sativa

1

2

3

4

5

c

N

S

„ silvestris

1

E

c

N

S

., falcata

1

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

,, lupulina

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ maculata

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

„ minima

1

—

3

4

j>

E

N

S

„ denticulata

2

—

4

5

E

c

N

S

Melilotus officinalis

'.'.'. 1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ arvensis

1

2

—

4

5

E

—

N

8

„ alba

1

2

—

—

—

—

—

—

S

[ „ parviflora]

—

—

3

—

—

E

G

N

s

Trifolium pratense

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

„ „ parviflorum

—

2

—

—

—

E

0

N

8

„ medium

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

8

„ ochroleucum

1

2

3

4

5

z

z

N

S

8

[ „ incarnatum]
[Trifolium stellatum]

1

2

3
3

4

5

E

0

N

S

„ arvense

... 1

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

„ striatum

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

„ scabrum

1

—

3

4

5

—

—

—

8

[ „ squarrosum]

1

2

—

—

—

E

—

N

S

,, maritimum

... —

—

3

—

5

E

o

N

S

„ subterraneum

1

—

3

4

5.

E

—

N

S

„ glomeratum

1

—

3

4

5

E?

_>.

N

8

„ suffocatum

—

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ repens

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

„ hybridum-elegans

1

2

—

4

—

E

c

N

s

„ fragiferum

1

2

8

4

5

—

—

—

s

[ „ resupinatum]

—

—

3

—

—

E

o

N

s

„ procumbens

1

2

8

4

5

E

0

N

8

„ minus

1

2

3

4

5-

E

0

N

8

„ filiforme

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

Falcatula ornithopodioides

—

—

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

Lotus corniculatus

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ „ tenuis ...

1

—

8

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ major

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Anthyllus vulneraria

1

2

3

—

5

E

ci

N

S

Astragalus Hypoglottis

1

2

—

—

—

E

0

N

8

,» glycyphyllos ...

1

2

—

—

5

E

0

N

S

s

[Vicia monanthos]
,, hirsuta

1

2

3

4

5
5

E

G

N

s

„ tetrasperma

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

—

s

„ gracilis

—

2

—

—

—

—

c

—

_

„ silvatica

—

—

—

—

—

K

0

N

s

„ Cracca

1

2

3

4

5

K

—

—

s?

„ bithynica

—

—

3?

—

—

E

G

N

s

sepium

1

2

3

4

5-

444

1

^3

1
Q

•B

0

3

M

,J3

1

3

*

1

S

Vicia lutea

1

5

E

C

N

S

„ sativa

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

„ „ angustifolia ...

1

2

a

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ ,, Bobartii

1

2

3

4

5

c

X

S

„ lathy roides

1

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Lathy r us Aphaca

1

2

3

5

E

G

N

S

„ Nissolia

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

[ „ sphgericus]

—

—

—

—

5

E

—

—

—

, , hirsutus

—

E

0

N

S

„ pratensis

.'.. 1

2

8

4

5

E

S

tllb&TOSUS

E

0

N

S

„ silvestris

1

2

—

__L

5

—

c

N

S

„ palustris

1

—

3

__

5?

—

' —

—

S

„ maritimus

__

5

E

__

N?

„ macrorrhizus

,

'_

E

0

N

S

Ornithopus perpusiltus

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

Hippocrepis comosa

1

2?

_

_^_

5

E

0

X

S

Onobrychis sativa

1

2

; -

4

5

E

0

X

S

Primus communis, (a) spinosa

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

X

S

„ (6) insititia

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

X

S

„ (c) domestica

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

X

S

Padus

1

3

4

E

c

X

S

Avium

1

2

4

5

E

0

X

S

Cerasus

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Spiraea Ulmaria

1

2

8

4

5

E

0

X

S

,, Filipendula

1

2

4

'. —

0

X

S

Sanguisoi-ba oflicinalis

1

^.

4

—

E

0

X

S

Poterium Sanguisorba

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

X

8

„ muricatum

1

_

4

E

o

X

S

Agrimonia Eupatoria

1

2

3

4

5

E

odftTnfft

E

0

N

S

Alchemilla vulgaris

2

__

___

5

E

0

X

S

,, arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

X

S

Potentilla anserina

1

2

3

4

5

E

o

N

S

„ argentea

1

2

8

4

5

—

0

—

S

„ verna

1

__

_

—

E

0

X

S

„ rep tans

1

2

8

4

5

E

c

X

S

„ Tormentilla

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

X

S

„ procumbens

1

;-}

4

E

0

N

S

„ Fragariastrum ...

1

2

3

4:

5

(J

X

tnr\wi \asits*rt

E

X

S

99 ftUt My lCCt> . .,

Comarum palustre

1

2

g

4

5

E

0""

X

S

Fragaria vesca

1

2

8

4

5

E

___

X

S

f „ elatior

1

2

5

E

c

X

S

Kubus Idaaus

1

2

8

4

5

—

—

X

„ subereclus

,

E

—

N

S

„ plicatus

—

2

3

—

—

—

—

—

S

„ nitidus

3

—

B

X

S

„ affinis

3

E

—

N

S

„ Lindleianus

'.'.! i

2

3

4

—

445 bS

1

w

1

fc

02

3
m

|

02

«2

j

!

0

I

1— 1

E

—

N

S
S

Kubus rhamnifolius
„ ramosus

l

2

3

—

—

E

C

—

s

„ pubescens

l

—

—

—

5

E

G

N

s

„ rusticunus

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

„ leucostachys

—

2

3

—

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) conspicuus ...

l

2

—

—

5

—

—

s

„ pyramidalis

l

—

—

—

s

,, Salteri

2

.

__

N

s

„ „ var. calvatus

3

E

—

N

s

„ carpinifolius

l

2

3

4

—

E

s

„ villicaulis

1

~,

—

—

s

„ Maasii

3

—

E

—

N

s

„ macrophyllus

l

—

4

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) Schlectendalii

—

—

4

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (c) amplificatus

3

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (d) glabratus ...

l

—

—

N

$f)T&WQGl<'i'i% COL \ JEfoTrcTZ

—

—

—

s

„ rubicolor

—

4

__

—

—

—

s

„ thysiflorus, (b) philyrophyllus

l

—

—

—

_ _

—

—

N

s

„ rosaceus

l

2

—

—

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ var. Hystrix

1

—

—

—

s

„ echinatus

l

2

E

—

—

s

,, rudis

4

__

E

—

—

s

„ Kadula

1

2

4

E

—

—

8

„ Koshleri

1

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) infestus...

4

E

—

N

s

„ „ (c) pallidus

l

2

—

4

—

—

—

s

11 a (J) cavatifolius

1

E

—

—

s

„ fusco-ater

l

—

C

—

s

,, diversifolius

1

2

—

—

—

s

„ mutabilis

l

2

E

—

—

s

,, Lejeunii

l

2

E

—

—

s

„ flexuosus

2

—

—

—

s

„ adornatus

2

—

—

—

s

„ saxicolus

2

-

—

—

—

s

„ foliosus

2

E

___

„ Bellardi

—

—

s

„ pendulinus

__

2

._

_

_

E

—

—

—

,, hirtus

E

C

N

s

„ Balfourianus

l

2

3

4

E

G

N

s

„ corylifolius (a) sublustris

l

2

3

4

__

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) conjungens ...

l

2

E

—

N

s

„ ,, (c) fasciculatus ...

l

2

3

E

C

N

s

„ deltoideus

1

3

—

G

N

s

„ scabrosus

1

2

3

E

C

N

s

„ caesius, (a) umbrosus

l

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) tenuis ...

l

2

:

—

N

s

,, ,1 (c) ligerinus...

1

2

4

__

—

—

s

„ „ (d) intermedius

l

—

—

s

„ „ (e) Pseudo-idaeus

—

—

3

4

—

1

!

1

1

446

E-

Sudbury

Lowestft

s

1.

E

c

N

S

Geum urbanum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

[ „ intermedium]

1

2

—

—

5

E

0

N

s

„ rivale

1

2

—

4

5

E

c

N

8

Rosa spinosissima

1

2

3

4

5

E?

c

N

—

,, mollis

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

S

„ tomentosa

1

2

3

4

5

_

_

N

s

„ (b) subglobosa

1

2

3

4

—

— «.

„_

—

s

„ (d) scabriuscula

1

2

—

4

— .

E

o

N

s

„ rubiginosa

1

2

3

4

5

__

_

N

—

„ „ comosa

—

— .

—

—

E

o

N

s

„ micrantha

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

,, canina, (a) lutetiana ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ „ (b) surculosa...

1

2

3

4

—

_

—

N

s

(c) sphaerica ...

1

2

8

—

5

__

__

s

„ „ (d) senticosa ...

1

2

—

_

5

.«_

—

N

s

(e) dumalis ...

1

2

3

4

5

__

—

—

s

„ „ (/) biserrata ...

1

—

—

—

—

«_

_— .

—

s

„ „ (g] urbica

1

2

3

4

5

—

__

N

s

(h) frondosa ...

1

2

3

4

—

— *

— •

N

8

„ „ (i) arvatica ...

1

2

3

4

—

E

__

N

s

„ „ (/) dumetorum

1

2

—

—

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (k) obtusifolia ...

—

- —

4

—

._

:

s

„ „ (ri) tomentella

1

2

8

—

—

__

—

—

s

„ „ (o) andegavensis

2

3

—

—

—

—

N

s

„ „ (p) verticillacantha ...

2

8

—

—

__

—

s

,, „ (u) decipiens

1

2

8

—

—

—

—

.

s

„ „ (w) suberistata

1

2

— .

—

—

__

___

N

__

„ „ (z) coriifolia

—

. _

—

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (/*) marginata

1

—

—

—

—

— .

—

—

s

„ stylosa

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

s

(b) systyla

1

2

_ -

—

—

—

_

—

s

„ „ (c) leucochroa

2

—

—

—

E

G

N

s

„ arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

__

s

,, „ (c) bibracteata

1

2

_

—

—

E

c

N

s

Cratsegus Oxyacantha (a) oxyacanthoidesl

2

3

4

5

E

0

—

s

„ „ (b) monogyna

1

2

—

4

5

E

c

N

N

8

£ Mespilus germanica]
Pyrus communis, (a) Py raster

1

_

___

m^ _

—

—

—

—

s

,, „ (b) Achras

1

—

' —

4

—

E

c

N

s

„ Malus, (a) acerba ...

1

2

8

4

5

— .

—

—

s

„ „ (b) mitis

1

2

8

4

5

E

0

N

s

„ Aucuparia

1

2

8

—

5

E

—

N

s

„ Aria

1

2

8

4

—

E

a

N

s

„ torminalis

—

8

4

5

E

0

N

s

Ly thrum Salicaria

1

2

8

4

5

__

c

N

s

„ Hyssopifolia

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

s

Peplis Portula

1

—

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

Tamarix gallica

—

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

Epilobium angustifolium ...

1

—

3

4

5

brachycarpum...

447

g

H

S

5

1

i

PQ

^

GO

o

|

I

E

c

N

s

Epilobium hirsutum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ parviflorum

1

2

3

4

5

N

s

,, (b) rivulare ...

1

2

3

4

—

—

—

—

s

„ (c) intermedium

—

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

montanum

1

2

3

4

5

^ _ _ -

E

c

N

s

tetragonum

1

2

3

4

E

c

N

s

obscurum

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

„ palustre

1

2

3

4

5

E

N

s

[(Enothera biennis]

1

2

3

5

—

—

N

—

[ „ odorata]

—

—

•

E

c

N

s

Circsea lutetiana

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

Myriophyllum verticillatum

1

2

3

4

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ j pectinatum

1

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ spicatum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

__

s

„ alterniflorum . ...

1

E

G

N

s

Hippuris vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Bryonia dioica

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

JN

s

Montia fontana, (a) minor...

1

2

3

4

5

E

__

s

„ ,, (b) rivularis

1

;

^«_

N

s

Claytonia perfoliata

1

3

*_—

G

N

s

Herniaria glabra

1

—

3?

—

.«_

N

s

Tillasa muscosa

1

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

Sedum Telephium

1

2

3

4

5

E

s

„ Fabaria

1

3

4

^_

E

C

N

s

„ album

1

E

C

—

s

„ dasyphyllum

1

—

E

C

N

s

, anglicum

—

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

, acre

1

2

3

3

5

n

SCXdTlQUldTB

vy

E

C

N

s

, reflexum

1

—

3

4

5

—

G

—

s

, „ (b) albescens

1

—

—

—

—

— _

—

N

—

, rupestre

—

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

Sempervivum tectorum

1

2

4

5

E

C

N

s

s

[Cotyledon Umbilicus]
•fRibes Grossularia

1
1

2
2

3

4
4

5

E

c

N

s

„ nigrum

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

„ rubrum

1

2

3

4

B

E

c

N

s

Saxifrage tridactylites

1

2

3

4

5

K

c

N

s

„ granulata

1

9

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

Chrysoplenium alternifolium

—

2

3

4

5

E

N

s

„ oppositifolium

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Parnassia palustris

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

8

Hydrocotyle vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Sanicula europaea

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

Eryngium maritimum

—

—

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

„ campestre

—

3

4

-.—

C

N

s

Cicuta virosa

1

2

3

5

E

G

N

s

Apium graveolens

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ nodiflorum

1

2

3

4

5

448

MASS

P=J O fci 02

fiJUuLS

EONS Apium nodiflorum (6) repens

1—34 —

EONS „ inundatum

1234 —

EONS *Petroselinum sativum

1—345

EONS „ segetum

1—3—5

EONS Sison Amomum

12345

E C N 8 ^Egopodium Podagraria

12345

— C - - S [Amrni majus]

2

EONS [Carum Carui]

'.'.'. 1 45

EONS „ flexuosum

12345

— C „ Bulbocastanum

— — — — —

EONS Pimpinella magna

1! 1234-

EONS ,, Saxifraga

12345

EONS Sium latifolium

1—345

EONS „ angustifolium

12345

EONS Bupleurum tenuissimum ..

345

E — „ falcalum

EONS „ rotundifolium ...

12—4-

EONS (Enanthe fistulosa...

12345

E — N S „ pimpinelloides ...

1234? —

EONS „ Lachenalii

1—345

- C N S „ silaifolia

1?

E — N — „ crocata

1? 5?-

EONS „ Phellandrium ...

12345

EONS „ fluviatilis

12345

EONS jEthusa Cyiiapium

12345

E C N S Foeniculum offlcinale
O Seseli Lwonotis ...

12345

E C N S Silaus pratensis

12345

S Crithmum maritimum

O

C* C 7 " /"> "•/* 7 '

V^ to&llfi'llTil L/CtTVI/OllCtr •••

E C N S Angelica silvestris

12345

- S [Archangelica officinalis

1

Ht — • JrCilCcuCtHuTfl OjjLCiJiCLiQ ••*

E C N S „ palustre

1 — 3 —

E C N S Pastinaca sativa

12345

E C N S Heracleum Sphondylium ...

12345

E C N S Daucus Carota ...

12345

EONS Caucalis daucoides

1 5

E C — S f „ latifolia

1 —

E C N S Torilis Anthriscus

12345

E C N S „ infesta

12345

E C N S „ nodosa

12345

E C N S Scandix Pecten-veneris

12345

E C N S Chgerophyllum silvestre ...

12345

E S [ „ sativum] ...

... 3

E C N S „ Anthriscus...

12345

E C N S „ temulum ...

12345

E C N S Conium maculatum

12345

EONS Smyrnium Olusatrum

12345

EC — S [Coriandrum sativum]

... 45--

449

1

a

a

1

GO

S-t

CQ

£
GO

i

J

1

£"

jL

E

G

N

8

Hedera Helix

I

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Cornus san guinea

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Viscum album

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Adoxa Moschatellina

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Sambucus Ebulus

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

nigra

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Viburnum Lantana

1

2

3

5

E

G

N

S

,, Opulus

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N"

S

JLonicera Caprifolium

1

2

3

4

—

E

G

N

S

,, Periclymenum

1

2

3

4

5

E

•*— '

z

S
S

f,, Xylosteum]
Sympkoricarpos racemosus]

1

2
2

3

—

5

E

C

N

S

ISkerardia arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

E

o

N

S

Asperula cynanckica

1

_

—

—

—

E

0

N

S

„ odorata

1

2

3

4

5

E

o

N

S

Galium Cruciata

1

2

3

4

5-

E

c

N

S

„ tricorne

1

2

3

4

5-

E

0

N

S

„ Aparine

1

2

3

4

5-

Vn ill nti fit

E

c

N

S

anglicum

1

—

E

c

N

S

erectum

1

—

—

4

5-

—

—

—

S

[ aristatum]

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

S

Mollugo, (a) elatum

1

2

3

4

5.

—

—

—

S

„ (b) insubricum

1

—

—

4

—

—

.—

—

S

(c) Bakeri

—

—

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

verurn

1

2

3

4

5

E

o

N

S

saxatile

1

2

3

4

5

E

o

N

S

uliginosum

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

palustre

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

S

,, Witkeringii

2

—

4

5

E

c

—

S

„ elongatum...

—

—

—

—

E

o

N

S

Centrantkus ruber

—

E

0

N

S

Valeriana officinalis, Mikanii

2

3

4

5

E

o

—

S

,, „ sambucifolia ...

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

„ dioica

2

3

4

5-

E

0

N

S

Valerianella olitoria

1

2

3

4

5-

E

—

S

J ,, carinata

1

2

3

—

5 •

E

n

A * . }* . 7 rt

E

\J

0

N

S

9) J:\.lli ILilld •• •••

„ dentata

1

2

3

4

5-

—

_

—

S

„ (b) mixta

—

—

3

—

5-

E

o

N

S

Dipsacus silvestris

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

„ pilosus

1

2

3

4

5-

E

0

N

S

Knautia arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Scabiosa succlsa

1

2

3

4

5.

E

o

N

S

„ Columbaria

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Eupatorium cannabinum ...

1

2

3

4

5.

E

c

N

S

Petasites vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5-

—

—

N

S

[ ., fragrans]

1

2

3

4

—

E

c

N

S

Tussilago Farfara

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Aster Tripolium

—

—

3

4

S-

450

1

i-*-*

*B
o

1

3
S3

-n

i

o
J

k

\

8

[Aster Novi Belgii]

—

—

3

4

—

E

N

S

*Erigeron canadensis

1

—

—

—

5

E

C

N

S

„ acris

1

2

3

4

5

"E

C

N

8

Bellis perennis

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

Solidago Virgaurea

1

—

3

4

5

S

„ „ angustifolia

—

—

3

—

—

43

c

N

8

Inula Helenium

I

—

3

4

5

E

G

N

8

„ Conyza

1

2

3

4

5

E

N

9

„ crithmoides

—

—

—

—

9

E

C

N

8

Pulicaria vulgaris

—

—

—

4

5

E

c

N

8

,, dysenterica

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

Filago germanica

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

,, apiculata

1

—

—

4

5

E

c

N

8

„ spathulata . ...

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

8

„ minima

1

2

3

4

5

E

8

„ gallica

—

—

—

—

5

c

N

8

Gnaphalium luteo-album

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

8

„ uliginosum ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

,, silvaticum .

1

—

3

4

5

c

N

8

Antennaria dioica

1

—

—

—

—

E

N

8

[ „ margaritacea] ...

1

—

—

—

5

E

c

N

8

Achillsea Ptarmica

1

2

3

4

5

E

8

[ „ decolorans]

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

S

,, Millefolium

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Anthemis arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

„ • Cotula

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

S

[ ,, tinctoria]

—

—

3

—

—

E

c

N

8

„ nobilis

1

2

3

—

—

c

N

S

JMatricaria Parthenium

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

„ inodora

1

2

3

4

5

E

N

8

,, „ (6) salina

—

—

—

—

5

E

G

N

S

„ Chamomilla

1

2

3

—

5

'E

C

N

8

Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

f „ segetum ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

8

Diotis maritima

—

—

3

4

5

'E

c

N

8

Artemisia Absinthium

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

8

„ campestris

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

8

„ vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ maritima

—

—

3

4

5

E

—

N

8

„ „ (b) gallica

—

—

—

—

5

E

G

N

8

Tanacetum vulgare

1

2

3

4

5

E

N

8

fDoronicum Pardalianches...

1

—

3

—

5

E

—

—

8

f „ plantagineum ...

—

—

—

4

_

E

C

N

8

Senecio vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

S

„ „ crassifolius

—

—

—

—

5

E

c

N

8

„ silvaticus

1

2

3

4

5

—

8

„ „ lividus ..

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

S

„ viscosus

1

—

3

4

5

—

—

N

8

* ,, squalidus

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

8

„ erucifolius

1

2

3

4

5

M

1

8

o

OQ

!3

PC

!>>

f-j

I

tj
y
X

Lowestft

o
>t

W

!

E

c

N

S

Senecio Jacobgea

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

„ aquaticus

1

2

3

4

5

—

G

N

s

„ paludosus

1

—

—

—

—

—

G

N

s

„ palustris

1

—

3

—

—

E

G

—

s

„ campestris

1

—

—

—

—

E

G

N

s

Bidens tripartita

1

2

3

4

—

E

G

N

s

„ cernua

1

2

3

4

5

—

G

—

—

\_Galinsoga parvifolia]

—

—

—

—

—

E

G

N

s

Carlina vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Arctium ma jus

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

—

s

„ nemorosum

2

3

—

' —

E

G

N

s

„ minus

.

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ intermedium

2

3

4

5.

E

G

—

s

Serratula tinctoria

5

—

—

—

s

[Centaurea Jacea]

.

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ nigra

.

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

s

„ „ nigrescens

—

—

—

—

5

E

C

N

s

„ Cyanus

'

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ Scabiosa

t

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

J „ solstitialis

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ Calcitrapa

—

3

—

5

E

c

N

s

Onopordum Acanthium ... *

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Carduus nutans

,

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ crispus

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

s

„ „ acanthoides

1

2

4

5

E

—

N

s

„ tenuiflorus

3

4

E

c

N

s

„ lanceolatus

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ eriophorus

1

2

—

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ palustris

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

,, pratensis

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

„ acaulis

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

—

,, heterophyllus

—

—

—

—

—

E

—

—

—

,, Gibsoni

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

8

Silybum marianum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Lapsana communis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Arnoseris pusilla

1

—

_

4

5

E

c

N

s

Cichorium Intybus

1

2

3

4

5

—

G

N

s

Hypochgeris glabra

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

,, radicata

1

2

3

4

5

E

r»

N

s

„ maculata

1

E

C

N

s

Thrincia hirta

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

s

Leontodon hispidus

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ autumnalis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

—

s

Tragopogon minor

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

,, pratensis

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

—

„ ,, grandiflorus

—

—

—

—

—

E
E

c

N
N

s
s

„ porrifolius
Picris hieracioides

1
1

2
2

3

3

4

5
5

—

—

—

s

„ „ arvalis ...

1

2

—

4

—

452

E

C

N

S

Helminthia echioides

...

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Lactuca saligna

...

...

—

—

5?

;E

C

N

S

,, virosa

...

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

„ Scariola

...

...

1

5?

E

C

N

S

„ muralis

...

...

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Taraxacum officinal e

1

2

3

4

5

—

N

S

„ „ (b) lagvigatum ...

4

5

. —

C

N

S

„ „ (c) erythrospermum

1

—

—

—

.

c

N

S

„ „ (d) palustre ...

3

4

E

c

N

S

Sonchus oleraceus

...

...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ asper

...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

,, arvensis

...

...

1

2

3

4

5

—

__

8

„ „ glabra

...

...

5

E

c

N

8

„ palustris

...

3

4

5?

E

—

: —

8
8

[Mulgedium tataricum]
Crepis taraxacifolia

...

...

1

2

—

4

5

TS

—

N

—

[ ,, setosa]

...

2?

—

—

E

c

N

8

„ foetida

...

...

1

5

VE

0

N

S

„ virens

...

1

2

3

4

5

"E

c

N

S

„ biennis

...

1

5

N

f)(zliiclos(i

E

c

N

3

Hieracium Pilosella

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

[ „ aurantiacum]

...

1

—

—

. —

c

N

8

,, ^ murorum

...

...

1

4

—

E

—

N

8

„ ' vulgatum

...

1

2

4

5

. —

—

N

8

„ ., maculatum ... —

2

—

E

__

__

„ tridentatum

...

...

'E

c

N

8

„ umbellatum

...

...

1

3

4

—

~E

G

N

8

„ boreale

...

...

1

2

4

5

E

c

N

S
S

[Xanthium strumarium]
Jasione montana

...

...

1

1

2

8

4

5

E

c

N

a

Campanula glomerata

...

1

2

•

c

N

S

„ lati folia

...

...

3

4

—

'-.E

c

N

S

„ Trachelium

...

...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

—

S

f „ rapunculoides

...

...

1

3

4

—

!E

c

N

S

„ rotundifolia

...

...

1

2

3

4

5

IE

—

N

8

J „ Bapunculus

...

...

1

8

_

—

c

N

'Ddtulci

E

c

N

8

Speoularia hybrida

...

...

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

—

Wahlenbergia hederacea

...

...

___

—

'E

c

N

S

Calluna vulgaris ...

...

...

1

3

4

5

E

—

N

8

„ „ (6) incana ... •

3

E

c

N

8

Erica Tetralix

...

...

1

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ cinerea

...

...

1

3

4

5

N

^L'YidTOTyicdcL j)oli,fol.>icL

E

—

N

—

Vaccinium Myrtillus

...

...

E

Vitis —idc&tt

E

c

N

S

„ Oxycoccos

...

...

1

3

• —

—

N

S

Pyrola rotundifolia
minor

...

...

—

—

3

4

—

453 fr g

1

1

o

%

OQ

M

;_>

1

3

pf*

h- 1

.E

C

N

S

Monotropa Hypopitys

1

2

3

4

E

c

N

S

Ilex Aquifolium ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

Ligustrum vulgare

1

2

3

4

5

"E

C

N

s

Fraxinus excelsior

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

Vinca minor

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

[ „ major]

1

2

3

5

E

C

N

s

Chlora perfoliata...

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

Erythrsea pulchella

—

—

3

—

5

E

C

N

s

„ Centaurium

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

s

„ littoralis

1

—

3

4

N

C/ic67icli(t filiforwiis «•

E

C

s

Gentiana Amarella

1

2

5

E

„ „ (b} germanica

N

s

„ campestris

1

2

—

.

—

N

s

„ Pneumonanthe ...

—

—

3

.

E

c

N

s

Limnanthemum nymphseoides

1

2

3

E

G

N

s

Menyanthes trit'oliata

1

2

3

4

5

E

_

—

s

[Polemonium cgeruleum] ...

1

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

Convolvulus arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ sepiuni

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

8

„ Soldanella

—

—

3

4

5

-E

G

N

s

Cuscuta europgea

1

2

5

E

f

N

s

[ „ Epilinum]

—

—

—

4

E

C

N

s

„ Epithymus

'.'.. 1

2

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

f „ Trifolii ...

1

2

3

4

5

hctss'icic(t\

E

c

N

s

Asperugo procumbens

1

2

_

.

_

—

N

s

[Echinospermum Lappula]

—

—

3

—

E

c

N

s

Cynoglossum officinale

1

2

3

4

5

E

_

N

—

,, montanum

E

0

N

s

*Rorago officinalis

1

2

3

4

5

- —

—

—

s

JAnchusa officinalis

—

—

—

5

E

o

N

s

| „ semper virens

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Lycopsis arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Symphytum officinale

1

2

3

4

5

—

c

—

s

„ „ patens

1

2

3

—

5

s

[ „ orientale]

5

- —

c

—

s

„ tauricum]

'.'.'. 1

2

—

E

9

N

fnhprn WIVYI

E

„ asperrimum

^_

.B

G

N

s

Echium vulgare

1

2

3

4

5

,

s

Pulmonaria officinalis

4

E

C

N

s

Lithospermum officinale ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ arvense

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Myosotis palustris

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) strigulosa

1

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

s?

,, repens

—

—

3?

—

—

E

c

N

s

„ csespitosa

1

2

3

4

5

.E

9

N

s

„ silvatica

1

2

3

4

5

JS

c

N

s

„ arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

454

1

1

1

30

b

PQ

1

i
1

o

!

E

C

S

Myosotis arvensis (b) umbrosa

1

2

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ collina

1

2

3

4

5

.

N

s

„ „ (b) Mittenii

1

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ versicolor

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Solanum nigrum

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ Dulcamara

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

—

„ ,, tomentosum

—

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

Atropa Belladonna

1

—

4

5

E

C

N

s

Hyoscyamus niger

1

2

3

4

5

E
E

E

C
C

N

N

N

s
s

s
s

[Nicandra physaloides]
[Lycium barbarum]
[Datura Stramonium]
Orobanche Rapum

1
1
1

2
2

2

2

| co co co

4
4
4

5
5
5

—

—

—

s

„ caryopbyllacea

1

2

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ elatior

1

—

5

—

C

—

s

„ Picridis

1

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ minor

1

2

3

4

5

—

N

s

„ cserulea

2

—

5

—

C?

N

s

[ „ ramosa]

—

—

3

4

—

E

T n**hrrrpn ^m in win Tin

E

C

N

8

Verbascum Thapsus

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

s

„ Lychnitis

1

—

3

4

—

_

—

N

s

„ pulverulentum ..

1

—

3

4

—

E

C

N

s

„ nigrum

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

„ Blattaria

1

3

4

—

E

N

s

„ virgatum

1

2

3

4

—

—

—

s

„ Thapso-Lychnitis

1?

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

s

„ Thapso-nigrum

—

—

—

—

5

fi

fnifirn m/]i)0'r9/Jp/nf'}/<m

E

—

N

o

s
s

[ „ phceniceum]
Digitalis purpurea

1

2?
2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

*Antirrhinum majus

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ Orontium

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Linaria Cymbalaria

1

2

3

4

5-

E

C

N

s

„ Elatine

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

,» spuria

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ minor

1

2

8

4

5

"L"1

1 N

^t /V\1IH'WltH*B/1

)) Jly U/JJ Uf tUt ... ,.,

E

—

N

—

,, repens

__

E

C

N

s

„ vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

—

,, „ Pdoria ...

E

C

N

s

Scrophularia nodosa

1

2

3

4

5

- —

—

s

„ umbrosa

1

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ aquatica

1

2

3

4

5

B

—

N

s

J „ vernalis

1

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

Limosella aquatica

1

—

3

—

—

E

C

N

s

Melampyrum cristatum ...

1

2

—

4

5

E

—

N

s

[ „ arvense]

—

2

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ pratense

1

2

3

4

5

—

s

„ „ latifolium ...

1

—

—

—

—

1

,6

i

1

co

455

!>

b

Lowestft

03

|

t— i

S

Melampyrum silvaticum ...

- 2

.

E

G

N

S

Pedicularis palustris

i

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ silvatica

i

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

Rhinanthus Crista-galli ...

i

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Euphrasia officinalis

i

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

s

„ „ nemorosa

—

4

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

Odontites rubra (a] verna...

i

2

3

—

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) serotina

i

2

3

4

—

rj

J T j

E

w

C

N

s

• ^ -if / Oi U/KlClLtl ••• •••

Veronica scutellata

i

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

8

., „ pubescens

i

—

•

—

E

C

N

S

„ Anagallis

i

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ Beccabunga

i

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

„ Chamaedrys

i

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ montana

i

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ officinalis

i

2

3

4

5

—

C

N

s

„ spicata...

i

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ feerpyllifolia

i

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

„ arvensis

i

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

s

„ verna...

i

—

4

E?

—

N

s

„ triphyllos

i

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

s

„ agrestis

i

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ polita ...

i

2

3

4

5

—

C

—

s

„ „ grandiflora

i

2

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ Buxbaumii

i

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ hederifolia

i

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

fMenthaviridis

i

4

E

G

N"

s

,, rotundifolia

—

3

4

—

—

N

s

,, alopecuroides

2

__

E

C

N

s

„ silvestris

i

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

—

„ „ (6) nemorosa

—

—

—

—

N

s

„ „ (c) mollissima

2

5

E

C

N

s

,, piperita

i

2

5

N

., „ (b) vulgaris

E

c

N

s

„ aquatica

i

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

s

„ „ subglabra...

i

—

3

4

—

—

N

8

„ „ citrata

i

- —

—

—

s

„ pubescens

—

4

—

—

—

s

„ hircina

i

E

c

N

s

„ sativa (a) rivalis...

i

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

s

„ „ (b) paludosa

i

—

—

—

s

„ „ (c) subglabra

i

—

—

—

—

E

—

N

s

„ rubra

i

4

"NT

OTCLC'il'is *fe CCtTciicLCCt

E

c

N

„ pratensis

_

_

E

—

—

s

„ gentilis

i

—

E

G

N

s

„ arvensis

i

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

s

„ „ (b) Nummularia ...

i

—

—

4

E

—

—

s

„ „ (c) agrestis

—

—

—

4

5

—

—

N

s

„ ,, (d) prascox

i

2

—

—

—

456

H

1

o

CO

s

CQ

1

I

o

J

1

o

1

N

S

Mentha arvensis (e) Allionii

1

E

C

N

S

„ Pulegium

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

—

„ ,, (b) erecta

—

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

Lycopus europaeus

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Salvia Verbenaca

1

2

3

4

5 .

—

—

—

S

[ „ verticiilata]

1

2

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

Origanum vulgare

I

2

—

4

5

_

—

N

—

„ „ prismaticum

—

—

—

—

—

E

G

N

S

Thymus Serpyllum

1

—

3

—

5?'

E

C

S

„ Chamasdrys

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Calamintha Nepeta

1

— ,

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ officinalis

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

,, Acinos

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ Clinopodium ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

C?

—

—

Melissa officinalis

—

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

Scutellaria galericulata ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

„ minor

1

—

—

4

—

E

C

N

S

Prunella vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Nepeta Cataria

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ Glechoma

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Lamium amplexicaule

1

2

3

4

5 •

E

C

N

S

„ incisum

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ purpureum

1

2

3

4

5

_

—

—

S

„ ,. decipiens

1

2

—

4

—

E

—

—

S

[ „ macula turn]

1

2

—

—

—

—

S

„ „ lasvigatum]

1

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ album

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

„ Galeobdolon

1

2

3

4

5-

__

C

N

S

Leonurus Cardiaca

1

_ _

3

E

—

—

S

Galeopsis dubia

—

—

3

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ Ladanum

1

2

3

4

5

__

—

S

„ „ canescens

—

2

5

E

C

N

S

„ Tetrahit

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

(b) bifida

1

2

- 4

—

E

C

N

S

„ versicolor

1

2

3

4

—

E

C

N

S

Stachys Betonica

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

—

[ ,, germanica~\

—

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ silvatica

1

2

8

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ palustris

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

S

„ „ (b) ambigua

1

—

3

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ arvensis

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

—

[ „ annua\

E

C

N

S

Ballota fostida

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Marrubium vulgare

1

2

—

4

5

E

C

N

S

Teucrium Scorodonia

1

2

3

4

5

—

C

N

S

„ Scordium

1?

—

—

—

—

—

—

N

—

„ Chamcedrys

—

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

Ajuga reptans

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

—

—

„ Chamcepitys

E

C

N

S

Verbena officinalis

1

2

3

4

5

I

!

1

2

407

p

«

|

0?

Lowes tfl

<D

|

c

N

S

Pinguicula vulgaris

1

4

_

E

c

N

S

Utricularia vulgaris

1

—

3

4

—

—

—

—

8

„ neglecta

1

—

B

—

—

—

0

N

S

„ minor

1

2

3

4

—

E

c

N

S

Hottonia palustris

1

2

B

4

5

E

c

N

S

Primula vulgaris...

I

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ ., variabilis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

,.. veris

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ elatior ...

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

-

S

Cyclamen hederifolium

—

—

B

4

—

E

c

N

S

Lysimachia vulgaris

1

2

B

4

5

—

—

N?

[ ,, punctata]

E

c

N

S

„ Nummularia ..

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

„ nemorum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Glaux maritima ...

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

Anagallis arvensis

1

2

B

4

5

—

—

S

„ „ carnea ..

1

—

—

—

5

E

c

N

S

„ cserulea

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

B

„ tenella...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Centunculus minimus

1

__

3

E

c

N

S

Samolus Valerandi

1

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Statice Limonium

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ „ pyramidalis

—

—

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

„ bahusiensis

—

—

—

4

5

E

—

N

—

„ occidentalis

—

—

E

c

N

„ ca.spia

E

c

N

S

Armeria maritima

B

4

5

E

c

N

S

Plantago Coronopus

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ maritima

—

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ lanceolata

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ „ Timbali

1

—

5

E

c

N

B

„ media ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ major ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Littorella lacustris

1

3

E

S

[Amaranthus Blitum]

1

2

—

—

—

S

[Blitum virgatum]

1

—

—

—

E

—

N

S

fcjuasda fruticosa

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ maritima

—

—

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

Salsola Kali

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Chenopodium Vulvaria

3

5

E

c

N

S

polyspermum

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

S

„ acutifolium

1

2

4

5

E

c

N

8

urbicum

1

—

B

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ (b) intermedium 1

E

c

N

8

album

1

2

B

4

5

—

c

—

S

„ (b) viride

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ (c) paganum...

1

—

E

c

N

S

ficifolium...

1

3

5

E

c

N

S

murale

3

5

E

c

N

S

„ hybridum ...

1

2

3

4

5

458

bS

1

a
8

1

CO

&

M

£

CO

%

i

3

H

1.

E

G

N
N

S
S

Chenopodium rubrum ... ... 1
„ „ pseudo -botryodes 1
„ botryodes ... ... —

2

3
3

—

5

E

N

„ glaucum ... ...

E

C

N

S

t

, Bonus- Henricus

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Beta maritima ... ...

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Salicornia herbacea ...

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

»

„ (b) procumbens

—

—

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

«

radicaris

—

— j

—

—

5

E

c

N

S

Atriplex litto rails ... ...

8

— •

5

E

—

—

S

H

„ (b) marina

—

—

3

—

5

E

c

N

S

»

angustifolia

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

99

erecta

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

99

deltoidea

1

—

8

4

5,

E

—

N

S

„ triangularis

1

—

3

—

5-

E

c

—

S

M

hastata

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

»

Babingtonii

—

__

3

4

5^

E

—

N

S

11

farinosa

__

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Obione

pedunculata

—

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

ii

portulacoides

—

— .

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Rumex maritimus

1

2

8

4

5,

E

c

N

s

«

palustris

1

'— .

3

_

—

E

c

N

s

99

conglomeratus

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

«

sanguineus

1

2

8

4

5

E

G

N

s

„ (b) viridis

1

2

3

4

5--

E

c

N

s

«

pulcher

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

|1

obtusifolius

1

2

It

4

5-

__

—

N

D

„ Friesii ...

—

_ —

—

__

—

E

c

N

s

H

acutus

1

2?

i—

—

—

E

c

N

s

n

crispus

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

9*

„ trigranulatus

—

_ _

3

—

—

__

—

—

s

N

„ subcordatus

__

3

—

E

c

N

s

»j

Hy drolapath u m

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

99

Acetosa

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

99

Acetosella

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

91

„ angustifolius

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

s

Polygonum Bistorta

1

2

8

4

5

E

c

N

s

amphibium ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

lapathifolium...

I

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

s

maculatum ...

1

2

.1—

_

—

E

c

N

s

Persicaria

1

2

8

4

5-

__

—

s

„ biforme

1

^__

_».

___

—

E

c

N

s

mite

1

_ _

8

_ _

E

c

N

s

Hydropiper ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

minus

1

—

3

_

— .

E

c

N

s

aviculare, (a] agrestinum

1

2

3

4

5

T-

—

—

s

„ (b) vulgatum

1

—

1 —

—

—

—

N

s

„ (c) arenastrum

1

—

—

—

—

—

—

s

,, (d) microspermum 1

2

—

—

—

—

—

s

»

„ (e) rurivagum

1

2

—

—

—

1

,0

o

o

co

459

3

b
|

&

CO

Lowestft

0

1

N

S

Polygonum aviculare, (f) littorale ...

—

—

—

5

E

N

S

Raii

—

—

—

—

5

E

C

N

S

„ Convolvulus

1

2

3

4

5

8

,, „ pseudo-dumetorum

1

—

—

—

—

E
E

C

N
N

S

S

[Fagopyrum esculentum] ...
Hippophae rhamnoides

1

~

~

4

5
5

E

G

N

S

Daphne Mezereum

1

—

3

4

5?

E

C

N

S

„ Laureola

l

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Thesium humifusum ... ...

1

—

E?

G

N

S

[Aristolochia Clematitis]

1

—

—

4

—

—

—

8

Asarum europseum

l

—

—

4

—

E

C

N

S

Euphorbia Helioscopia

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

—

S

„ platyphyllos .. .

1

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ amygdaloides ..

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

S

,, Paralias

—

—

3

4

5

E

—

—

S

„ Cyparissias

1

—

—

—

—

E?

N

„ Esula

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

8

„ Peplus

l

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

8

„ exigua

l

2

3

4

5

E

N

S

„ Lathy ris

1

2

—

4

5

E

C

N

S

Mercurialis perennis

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ annua

l

2

3

4

5

,_

S

„ ,, (b) ambigua

_

_

5

E

c

N

S

Ceratophyllum demersum ...

1

2

3

4

—

E

c?

N

8

„ submersum...

1

2

3

4

_—

E

c

N

S

Callitriche verna

l

2

3

4

5

N

S

„ obtusangula

l

3

—

—

S

„ stagnalis

1

—

3

4

—

E

G

N

S

„ „ (b) platycarpa ...

1

—

3

4

—

E

—

N

S

„ hamulata

1

—

3

4

—

E

S

„ ,, (b) pedunculata

1

_

5

E

G

N

S

Parietaria diffusa

l

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

Urtica pilulifera

2

3

4

5

JE

—

N

—

„ „ (b) Dodartii

E

C

N

S

„ urens

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

„ dioica

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

8

[Cannabis sativa]

—

2

3

—

—

E

C

N

S

Humulus Lupulus

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

Ulmus campestris

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

—

8

„ ,, (b) glabra

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

S

„ „ (c) stricta

—

—

—

4

5

E

c

N

8

„ montana

1

2

3

4

5

—

S

Salix pentandra

—

—

3

4

—

E

—

N

S

„ fragilis (a) decipiens

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

8

.,. „ (b) fragilis

1

2

3

4

E

c

N

S

„ „ (c) Russelliaua ...

1

E

G

N

S

„ alba

1

2

3

4

5

-

S

„ „ (b) casrulea ...

1

,B

C

N

S

„. „ (c) vitellina

1

___

3

4

;J5

G

—

S

* „ undulata

l

—

3

—

H

O

1

02

*ou

M

Sudbury

Lowestf

9

o
I

03

1-1.'

E

G

N

S

Salix triandra

1

2

3

4

E

G

—

S

„ „ (b) Hoffmanniana ...

1

2

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ „ (c) amygdalina

1

—

3

—

E

C

N

s

„ purpurea

1

2

3

4

—

—

_ .

s

„ „ (b) Woolgariana

1

—

3

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (c) ramuiosa

1

2

—

—

E

—

N

s

„ „ (d) Lambertiana

1

—

3

—

E

C

N

s

(e) Helix

1

—

—

—

E

G

N

s

„ rubra

1

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ „ (b) Forbyana.

1

_

3

—

E

C

N

s

„ viminalis

1

2

3

5

E

—

—

s

„ „ (b) intricata

1

—

—

—

-T-

—

—

s

„ „ (c) stipularis (Leefe)

1

—

—

—

—

E

—

N

s

„ stipularis, Sm.

1

—

—

—

—

E

—

— .

s

„ Smithiana

1

—

8

—

—

E

„ „ (b) rugosa

E

—

—

—

„ „ (c) ferruginca

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ acuminata

1

_.

3

— _

—

E

G

N

s

„ cinerea

1

2

8

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ „ (b) aquatica

1

2

3

4

—

E

G

N

s

„ „ (c) oleifolia

1

2

_

4

—

E

G

N

s

„ aurita

1

2

8

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ Caprea

1

2

8

4

5

—

—

N

—

„ nigricans

— •

—

—

—

«—

—

N

—

„ „ cotonifolia

—

— •

N

—

„ „ hirta

—

—

—

—

—

—

N

—

., phylicifGlia, Croweana

—

-—

J— i.

—

E

C

N

s

Salix repens

1

—

3

—

—

E

—

N

s

„ „ (b) fusca

1

—

—

—

—

E

—

—

,, „ (c) prostrata ...

E

—

N

s

„ „ (d) ascendens

1

_

—

—

—

E

—

—

s

„ „ (e) incubacea

1

__

8

—

—

E

—

N

s

« « (f) argentea ...

1

—

8

—

—

E

—

—

s

„ ambigua

—

8

—

—

E

—

—

s

,, „ (c) spathulata

_

8

—

—

E

C

N

s

Populus alba

1

2

8

4

5

E

G

N

s

„ canescens

1

2

8

4

—

E

G

N

s

„ tremula, villosa ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

„ „ glabra ...

1

__

8

4

_

E

G

N

s

„ nigra

1

2

3

4

5

?

C

N

s

Myrica Gale

1

—

3

—

—

E

G

N

s

Betula verrucosa

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

1— '

s

„ glutinosa

1

—

—

4

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) pubescens

—

—

4

—

E

C

N

s

Alnus glutinosa

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Fagus silvatica

1

2

3

4

5

E
E

c

N
N

s
s

[Castanea vulgaris]
Quercus Robur, pedunculata

1
1

2
2

3
3

4
4

5
5

E

—

N

s

„ „ sessiliflora...

1

—

—

—

5

E

c

N

s

Corylus Avellana

1

2

3

4

5

461

I

,0

I

S

CO

b

CQ

Sudbur

1c
I

3

|

t

E

C

N

S

Carpinus Betulus

1

2

3

4

5-

E

C

N

S

Taxus baccata

1

2

3

4

5-

E

c

N

S

Juniperus communis

1

—

E

c

N

S

Pinus silvestris

1

2

3

4

5-

E

c

N

S

Paris quadrif olia

1

2

3

4

5-

E

c

N

S

Tamus communis

1

'2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Hydrocharis Morsus-ranae ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

o

N

S

Stratiotes aloides

1

„_

8

4

5

E

c

N

S

Anacharis Alsinastrum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Orchis Morio

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

„ mascula

1

2

3

4

5-

E

c

N

S

„ ustulata

1

__

E

c

N

S

„ maculata

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ latifolia

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ incarnata

1

2

3

4

—

—

—

—

S

„ „ (b) angustifolia

1

—

—

4

—

E

c

N

S

„ pyramidalis

1

2

3 4

5

—

—

—

S

„ hircina

4

E

c

N

S

Gymadenia Conopsea

1

2

3

4

<>

E
E

rj

b

N
N

S
S

Aceras anthropophora
Habenaria viridis

1
1

2
2

3
3

4
4

5

E

—

N

S

„ bifolia

1

2

3

4

5

E

0

N

S

„ chlorantha

1

2

3

4

E

o

N

S

Ophrys apifera ...

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S?

„ arachnites

1?

E

o

—

S

„ aranifera ...

...

2

E

0

N

S

„ muscifera...

...

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Herminium Monorchis

...

E

c

N

S

Spiranthes autumnalis

...

2

3

4

K

c

N

S

Listera ovata

...

2

3

4

5-

E

0

N

S

Neottia Nidus-avis

...

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

Epipactis latifolia

...

2

3

4

—

E

( 1

(yftpfJifi

_

N

„ ovalis ...

_

_

_

_

E

o

N

S

„ palustris

'.'.'. 1

—

3

4

—

E

c

—

—

Cephalanthera grandifolia ...

—

—

—

—

—

/—

— -

N?

S?

„ ensifolia

1^

—

—

—

0

N

S

Malaxis paludosa...

—

—

3

4

—

—

o

N

S

Sturmia Losselii ...

1

—

—

4

E

c

N

S

Iris Pseudacorus ...

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ „ (a) Pseudacorus

1

—

—

—

—

—

S

„ „ (b) acoriformis

1

—

—

4

5.

— -

—

—

S

„ „ (c) Bastard!

1

2

—

E

0

N

S

„ foetidissima ...

1

2

3

4

5

_ _

_

N

S

Crocus vernus

1

__

3

5

E

-

z

f „ sativus~\
„ argenteus]

S

1

—

— -

•p—

—

S

„ aureus] ...

1

—

—

—

—

E

E

- u

S

[Gladiolus communis]
fNarcissus biflorus

1

2

3

—

7

1

,0

O

t!
o
fc

02

4t>Z

b

CQ

j

Lowestfi

93

1
a-

8

[Narcissus poeticus]

I

3

5

—

8

[ „ incomparabilis ]

1

—

—

—

E

C

N

8

„ Pseudo narcissus

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

8

Leucojum sestivum

—

—

—

—

5

E

N

8

Galanthus nivalis

1

—

3

4

5

E

G

N

8

Alisma Plantago

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

—

8

,, ,, (b) lanceolatum ..

1

2

3

—

—

E

G

N

S

„ ranunculoides

1

_..

3

4

—

—

—

N

—

„ „ repens

—

_i_

_

—

—

E

8

Actinocarpus Damasonium

—

_i_

__

4

—

E

G

N

8

Sagittaria sagittifolia

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

H

Butomus umbellatus

1

2

a

4

5

E

C

N

8

Triglochin maritimum

—

—

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ palustre

1

2

3

4

6

E

C

N

8

Asparagus officinalis, (b) campestris

—

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Convallaria majalis

1

_

3

—

5

—

—

N"

!

Polygonatum officinale

—

—

—

—

E

— '

N

8

„ multiflorum ...

—

_

3

4

—

E

C

N

8

Ruscus aculeatus

1

2

8

4

5

E

—

N

8

Tulipa silvestris

1

__

_

4

5

E

G

N

8

Fritillaria Meleagris

1

—

S

4

5

E

—

N

8

[Lilium Martagon]

—

—

3

—

—

E

C

N

8

Ornithogalum umbellatum

1

2

3

4

5

—

C

N

8

J „ nutans

1

2

8

4

5

—

C

N

. —

[ j» pyrenaicum]

—

—

N

8

Gagea lutea

—

—

8

4

5

E

C

N

S

Allium vineale

1

2

„. _

4

5

E

C

N

8

„ oleraceum

1

2

___-

—

—

E

G

N

8

„ ursinum

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

8

[ „ ambiguum]

—

—

_

4

—

E

C

N

8

Endymion nutans

1

2

3

4

5

K

C

N

S

Muscari racemosum

1

—

_

4?

—

E

C

N

8

Colchicum autumnale

1

2

3

4

5

—

C

N

—

Narthecium ossifragum

—

—

—

—

—

E

—

N

8

Juncus maritimus

—

—

3

4

5

9

—

N

p

„ acutus

—

—

—

—

9

E

C

N

8

„ efEusus

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

„ conglomeratus

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

„ glaucus ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

8

„ diffusus ...

1

2

8

—

5

E

G

N

8

„ obtusiflorus

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

,, acutiflorus

1

2

8

4

5

E

G

N

8

„ lamprocarpus

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

—

„ nigritellus, D. Don...

E

C

N

8

„ supinus ...

1

—

8

4

—

—

—

—

8

„ „ fluitans

1

__

8

—

—

E

C

N

8

„ squarrosus

1

—

8

4

5

E

C

N

8

„ compressus

1

2

—

—

—

E

C

N

8

„ Gerardi ...

—

_

3

4

5

JE

G

N

8

„ . . bufonius ...

1

2

3

4

5

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Luzula silvatica ...

2?

—

—

E

S

„ Forsteri ...

2

—

—

—

E

c

N

S

„ pilosa

1

2

3

4

5-

S

„ „ Borreri

2

.

— .

— "

E

c

N

S

„ campestris

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ multiflora

1

2

3

4

—

—

—

N

S

„ „ congesta

1

2

3

4

—

8

„ „ pallescens

1

—

E

c

N

8

Typha latifolia ...

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ „ gracilis

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

S

„ angustifolia

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Sparganium ramosum

1

2

3

4

5

E

N

S

„ neglecturn

1

2

3

4

—

E

c

N

S

„ simplex

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ minimum

1

2

3

5

E

c

N

S

Acorus Calamus ..

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Arum maculatum

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Lemna trisulca ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ minor

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ gibba

1

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ polyrrhiza

1

2

3

4

5

E
E

0

c

N

S
S

Potamogeton natans
„ polygonifolius

1
1?

2

3
3

4
4

5

E

c

N

S

„ plantagineus

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

S

„ rufescens

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

S

„ heterophyllus

1

—

3

4?

—

E

G

N

S

„ lucens

1

2

3

4

—

—

—

S

„ ,, acuminatus

1

—

—

—

—

c

S

„ Zizii

1

—

3

—

E

c

N

S

„ praglongus ...

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

S

„ perfoliatus ...

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

S

„ crispus

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

S

„ „ serratus

—

—

3

4

—

E

—

N

S

„ obtusifolius ...

—

—

3

4

—

—

—

N

—

„ acutifoliua ...

E

c

S

„ Friesii

1

3

E

c

N

S

„ pusillus

1

2

3

4

5.

—

—

S

„ „ tenuissimus ...

1

—

3

4

5-

—

—

N

S

„ trichoides ...

1

—

—

4

—

E

N

„ flabellatus ...

E

c

N

S

„ pectinatus ...

1

2

3

4

5.

N

—

„ „ scoparius

—

—

—

S

„ „ salinus

1

—

—

—

5

E

o

N

S

„ densus

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ „ (6) lancifolius ...

1

—

3

—

—

—

—

S

„ „ (c) angustifolius

1

2

3

—

—

E

—

N

S

Ruppia maritima

—

—

3

4

5-

E

c

N

S

,, rostellata

—

—

3

—

5-

E

c

N

S

Zannichellia palustris

1

2

3

4

:

—

—

—

S

„ „ repens

1

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3

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X

X
X
X
X
X

S
S
S
S

S
S
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„ bracbystemon
„ pedicellata ...
Zostera marina
„ „ angustifolia
Naias marina
Scboenus nigricans
Cladium Mariscus
Ebyncospora alba
Eleocbaris palustris...
„ multicaulis
„ acicularis
Scirpus maritimus
„ silvaticus

i

i
i

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i

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i

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i

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i

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3

4

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pauciflorus

i

—

3

4

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s

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fluitans ...

i

—

3

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setaceus ...

i

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—

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4

—

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„ monostacbys ...

—

—

3

4

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c

X

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Blysmus compressus

i

—

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

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rufus

—

—

—

4

—

—

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X

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E

c

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polystacbion ...

i

2

8

4

B

—

—

—

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99

„ (b) minus ...

i

2

—

—

—

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_—

—

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i

—

3

—

—

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o

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91

latifolium

i

—

3

—

—

E

0

X

s

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dioica

i

8

E

0

X

s

N

pulicaris ...

i

—

8

4

—

E

0

X

s

99

disticba ...

i

—

3

4

5

E

—

X

s

H

arenaria ...

i

—

8

4

5

— _

_

X

—

99

„ ligerica

E

;

X

s

H

divisa

—

4

5

E

0

X

s

99

vulpina ...

i

2

3

4

5

E

0

X

s

n

muricata...

i

2

8

4

5

E

0

—

s

99

„ pseudo-divulsa ...

i

2

_

—

—

E

c

X

s

n

divulsa

i

2

8

4

5

E

0

X

s

99

teretiuscula

i

8

4

5

—

—

N

s

99

paradoxa ..

i

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

s

9*

paniculata

i

2

B

4

5

E

c

N

s

99

axillaris ...

i

2

8

4

—

I

c

X

s

99

remota

i

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

stellulata

i

2

3

4

B

—

—

—

9»

elongata

—

—

—

—

—

—

p

X

s

canescens

1

3

4

_

E

c

N

s

§|

ovalis

i

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

8

99

stricta

i

3

4

E

c

X

s

9)

acuta

i

—

3

4

—

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1

1
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1

i.

hH

E

C

N

S

Carex vulgaris

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ „ juncella ...

1

2

E

C

N

S

„ pallescens

1

2

3

4

.

E

c

N

S

„ panicea

1

2

3

4

5

• —

—

N

S

„ limosa

—

—

3

E

c

N

S

„ strigosa

2

E

c

N

S

„ pendula

1

2

5

E

c

N

S

„ praecox

1

2

3

4

5

^_

—

—

S

„ „ capitata .

1

2?

_

c

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a

,, ericetorum

1

E

c

N

S

„ pilulifera

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ glauca

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ flava

1

3

4

>_.

—

N

S

„ „ (b) lepidocarpa

1

4

—

S

„ „ (c) (minor) true (Ederi

1

E

c

N

S

„ ((Ederi) flava cyperoides

1

—

3

4

E

c

N

S

„ extensa

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ Hornschuchiana ...

1

2

3

4

—

—

—

S

„ punctata

4

E

c

N

S

„ distans

1

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ binervis

1

3

4

E

1 wninfitfi

E

G

N

S

„ silvatica

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ Pseudo-cyperus ...

1

2

3

4

5

__

c

N

S

„ filiformis

1

3

E

c

N

S

„ hirta

1

2

3

5

E

c

N

S

„ ampullacea

1

2

3

4

E

c

N

S

„ vesicaria

1

2

3

4

__

E

c

N

B

„ paludosa

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

S

„ „ (b) gpadicea

1

—

4

E

c

N

S

„ riparia

1

2

3

4

5

N

,, trinervis

—

—

N

S
S

[Digitaria sanguinalis]
„ humifusa

1
1

—

3
3

—

5
5

E

c

N
N

S
S

[Echinochloa Crus-galli] ...
Setaria viridis

1
1

2

2

3
3

—

5

—

—

S

[ „ glauca]

1

2

E

__

N

S

Spartina stricta

4

5

E
E

c

N

N

S
S

[Phalaris canariensis]
„ arundinacea

1
1

2

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

Anthoxanthum odoratum ...

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ Puellii

1

2

c

Phleum asperum

E

G

N

S

„ Boehmeri

1

_

_

_

_

E

c

N

S

,, arenarium

3

4

5

E

c

N

S

„ pratense

2

3

4

5

*—

_

—

S

„ „ (b) stoloniferum ...

—

—

—

S

„ „ (c) prsecox

.

—

N

S

„ „ nodosum

3

E

c

N

S

Alopecurus pratensis

2

3

4

5

1

i

1

1

03

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3
CO

Sudbur

Lowest!

s

t

E

C

N

S

Alopecurus geniculatus ...

1

2

3

4

5

j

—

—

S

„ „ pronus

1

—

—

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ fulvus

1

—

—

—

—

E

—

N

s

„ bulbosus

—

—

3

—

—

E

G

N

s

„ agrestis

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Nardus stricta

1

—

3

4

E

C

N

s

Milium effusum

1

2

3

4

—

E

0

N

s

Phragmites communis

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

s

Psamma arenaria

—

—4-

3

4

5

E

C

N

s

Calamagrostis lanceolata ...

1

2

3

—

—

E

c

N

s

epigejos ...

1

2

3

—

— .

E

c

N

s

Apera Spica-venti

1

— '

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ interrupta

1

2

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

Agrostis canina

1

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

„ vulgaris...

1

2

3

4

5

E

— '

—

s

„ (b) pumila

1

—

—

4

—

E

c

N

s

alba

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

„ „ (&) subrepens

—

— .

3

—

5

E

—

N

—

Polypogon mompeliensis

—

—

—

—

—

E

—

N

—

„ littoralis

—

—

—

»—

— ,

E

—

N

—

Gastridium lendigerum

—

— .

—

—

—

E

c

N

s

Holcus lanatus

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ mollis

1

2

3

4

&

—

—

N

s

Corynephorus canescens ...

1

—

3

—

—

E

c

N

s

Aira caespitosa

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ flexuosa

1

2

—

_

5

E

c

N

s

„ caryophyllea

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ prsecox

1

2

8

4

5

E

c

N

s

Trisetum flavescens

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

Avena fatua

1

2

3

4

5

_

—

—

s

„ „ pilosissima

1

2

—

4

i —

s

„ „ intermedia —

—

_

3

—

—

E

—

—

s

f „ strigosa

1

— .

—

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ pratensis

1

2

3

—

5

E

c

N"

s

„ pubescens

1

2

3

__

5

V.

c

N

s

Arrhenatherum elatius

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

s

,, „ nodosum ...

—

__

8

— .

5

E

c

N

s

Triodia decumbens

1

2

8

4

5

E

c

N

s

Kosleria cristata

1

_

8

__

5

—

—

—

s

„ „ gracilis ...

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

s

Melica uniflora

1

2

8

4

5

E

c

N

s

Molinia coerulea

1

_

3

4

E

—

—

s

„ „ (b) depauperata

1

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

s

„ „ (c) major ...

—

— '

8

—

—

B

c

N

s

Poa annua

1

2

8

4

5

—

—

N

s

,, bulbosa

—

_

3

• —

5

E

c

N

s

„ nemoralis

1

2

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

„ trivialis

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ pratensis

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

s

„ „ (b) sabcaerulea

1

—

—

—

5

X

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M

b

Z

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ft

|

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-

8

Poa pratensis strigosa

1

—

—

B

C

N

S

„ compressa

1

2

3

4

—

E

G

N

8

Glyceria aquatica

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

„ fluitans

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

—

8

„ „ pedicellata

1

2

—

4

5

E

C

N

8

„ plicata

1

—

3

5

E

C

8

Sclerochloa maritima

—

—

3

4

5

—

—

—

8

„ „ (b) hispida

—

—

—

—

5

E

—

—

8

„ Borreri

—

—

3

4

5

E

—

N

8

„ procumbens ...

—

—

3

—

5

E

C

N

8

„ distans

1

—

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

„ rigida

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

„ loliacea

—

—

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

Briza media

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

Catabrosa aquatica

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

8

Cynosurus cristatus

1

2

3

4

5

8

[ „ echinatus]

—

3

E

C

N

8

Dactylis glomerata

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

8

Festuca uniglumis

—

—

—

5

E

G

N

8

„ sciuroides

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

N

S

„ ambigua

1

—

—

E

C

N

8

„ Myurus

1

—

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ ovina ... . .

1

2

3

4

5

E

S

„ „ (c) duriuscula

1

3

4

5

S

glauca ...

1

5

E

C

N

S

„ rubra

1

—

3

4

5

N

S

„ oraria

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ gigantea

1

2

3

4

5

—

—

—

S

„ „ triflora ..

1

2

—

—

E

C

N

S

„ elatior

1

2

3

.

5

E

C

N

S

„ pratensis

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ „ loliacea ..

1

2

3

4

sislvatisCCL ••

E

C

N

S

Bromus erectus

1

2

3

4

—

—

—

S

„ „ (b) villosus

—

—

4

.

E

C

N

S

„ asper-serotinus

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ sterilis

1

2

3

4

5

9

N

S

„ madritensis a diandrus

2

4

_

N

S

[ „ maximus]

1

__

E

C

N
N

S
S

„ tectorum]
*Serrafalcus secalinus

1
1

2

3

4

—

E

C

N

S

„ racemosus

1

2

3

5

E

0

N

S

„ commutatus ...

1

2

3

4

E

C

N

S

„ mollis

1

2

3

4

5

—

.

S

„ „ (b) glabrescens...

1

S

„ „ (d) hordeaceus ..

1

3

5

E

G

N

S

* „ arvensis

1

2

3

S

[ „ patulus]

1

_

E

C

N

S

Brachypodium silvaticum ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ pinnatum ...

—

—

3

—

—

468

I

,0

"B i
o

|

M

CQ

p

cc

o

M

0

o

1

E

C

N

S

Triticum caninum

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

„ repens

1

2

3

4

5

S

„ „ barbatum

1

2

—

—

—

E

_

„ „ littoreum ...

—

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

s
s

„ pungeus
„ ' „ littorale ...

~

3
3

4

5
5

E

N '

s

„ acutum

—

—

3

4

5

E

c

8

„ junceum

—

—

3

4

5

E

N

S

Elymus arenarius

—

—

3

4

—

E

c

N

s

Hordeum pratense

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ murinum

1

2

3

4

5

s

„ „ arenarium

—

—

—

—

5

E

c

N

s

„ maritimum

—

—

3

4

5

E

c

N

s
s

Lepturus filiformis
[ „ incurvatus]

z

~

3

4

4

5

E

G

N

s

Lolium perenne

1

2

3

4

5

s

„ „ (c) tenue ...

1

— -

—

— '

—

E

C

N

s

[ „ italicum]

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

,j temulentum

1

2

3

4

—

E

G

N

s

„ „ (&) arvense

1

2

3

-^-

5

E
E

C
C

N
N

s
s

Equisetum arvense
„ maximum

1

2
2

3
3

4

5
5

E

C

N

s

j, silvaticum

1?

— •>-

—

— -

—

E

G

N

s

„ limosum

1

2

3

4

5

C

s

„ „ (6) fluviatile ...

1

2

3

—

—

E

C

N

s
s

„ palustre
» (6) polystaehyum

1

1

2
2

3

4
4

5

8

„ „ (c) nudum

1

— -

—

T—

—

—

C

N

8

„ aiemale

1

2

—

•— '

—

E

G

N?-
N

8

„ variegatum
Poly podium vulgare

1

2

3

4

5

E

s

„ „ serratum

O

—

— *

—

E

C

N

s

Lastrea Thelypteris

1

— »

3

—

5

E

C

N

s

„ Oreopteris

1

— *

3

—

—

E

C

N

s

„ Filix-mas

1

2

3

4

5

N

s

„ cristata

—

— *

3

4

5

N

s

„ uliginosa

—

—

3

—

5

E

C

N

s

„ spinulosa

1

2

3

4

5

E

c

N

s

„ dilatata

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

—

s

„ glandulosa

—

.-—

—

4

—

s

„ semula

—

3?

— •

—

E
E

c

N
N

s
s

Polystichum aculeatum ...
„ „ lobatum

1
1

2
2

3
3

4
4

5
5

E

N

s

„ angulare

1

2

3

4

5

E
E

c

N
N

8

s
s

Cystopteris fragilis
Athyrium Filix-fremina ...
,, (a) rhgeticum

1
1

2

2

3

4
4

5
5

.

s

„ „ (b) Filix-foeminal

2

3

4

—

E

„ „ (c) molle ...

—

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

s

Asplenium Adiantum-nigrum

1

2

3

4

5

I

O

ti

0

«H

4by

3

02

J3

Lowestf

I

I

—

N

—

Asplenium Adiantum-nigrum (b)acutun

ij 1

E

C

N

S

„ Trichomanes

1

2

—

4

5

E

G

N

S

,, Ruta-muraria

1

2

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Scolopendrium vulgare

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

Ceterach officinarum

1

2

—

4

—

E

C

N

S

Blechnum boreale

1

2

3

4

5

E

G

N

S

Pteris aquilina

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

Osmunda regalis

1? 2?

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Botrychium Lunaria

1

-.—

3

4

5

E

C

N

S

Ophioglossum vulgatum ...

1

2

3

4

5

E

—

N

S

Pilularia globulifera

—

—

8

—

—

E

c

N

iS

Lycopodium clavatum

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

N

S

„ inun datum ...

1

—

3

4

—

—

—

N

„ Selago

—

—

—

—

E

_

—

8

Chara fragilis

1

—

—

4

—

—

—

—

S

„ „ (d) Hedwigii

1

—

—

—

—

E

—

N

S

„ aspera

1

—

3

4

—

— ,

—

N

S

„ polyacantha

1

—

—

—

—

—

—

N

S

„ contraria

1

—

—

—

—

E

c

—

S

,, hispida

1

—

8

4

—

E

c

—

S

„ vulgaris

1

2

8

4

—

—

—

—

S

„ ,, (b) longibracteata ...

1

—

3

—

—

—

—

—

S

„ „ (c) papillata

1

—

—

—

—

—

—

N

—

„ tomentosa

—

—

—

—

—

—

N

Lychnothammts stelliger

—

c

—

—

Tolypella nidifica

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

S

„ glomerata

1

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

S

„ intricata

1

—

—

—

—

—

c

—

—

Nitella tenuissima

—

—

—

—

—

E

—

—

—

„ gracilis

—

—

—

—

—

E

—

—

S

„ translucens

—

3

E

c

S

„ flexilis

.

3

5

—

—

—

S

„ opaca

1

—

3

—

—

E

G

—

—

„ syncarpa

—

—

—

—

—

470

THE FLORA OF SUFFOLK AND THE THREE

ADJOINING COUNTIES COMPARED WITH THE

FLORA OF HOLLAND.

I ROM the geographical position of Holland and East Anglia, lying
nearly between the same parallels of latitude, and on the oppo-
site sides of a sea scarcely more than 120 miles in width, there
is an antecedent probability that the two countries have a
•closely assimilated Flora. Under this impression, Dr. Babington com-
menced an examination of Dr. Suringar's Zakflora of Holland, which,
from infirm health, he was unable to complete. With the help of his
notes, the investigation has been continued ; and its result is here
briefly stated.

As the Continental Floras usually include the cereals, cultivated
vegetables, shrubs and trees, not native to those countries, these have
been omitted, that, the comparison may be made on equable conditions.
For the same reason the Characeee of East Anglia are passed over, as
those of Holland are not included in Dr. Suringar's work. The East
Anglian species are estimated as 1339, those of Holland as 1466. Of
these about 1120 are common to the two countries. About one in six
of the East Anglia species is absent from the Zakflora ; and about one
in four-and-a-half of the Dutch species is wanting in the East Anglian
list.

Having regard to those English species, which, exclusively, or very
nearly so, belong to East Anglia, a large proportion of them belongs
also to Holland. Its Flora includes the following Eastern Counties
plants: (those marked f have been introduced into Holland). Silene
Otites; S.conica; Holosteum umbellatum ; Scleranthus perennis ; Medi-
cago silvestris ? ; M.falcata; M. minima; Melilotus arvensis ; •fTrifolium
ochroleucum; Lathyrus tuberosus ; Herniaria glabra ; Tillcea muscosa;
Carum Bulbocastanum ; \Peucedanum qfficinale ; Galium anglicum ;
Artemisia campestris ; Senecio paludosus ; S. palustris ; Crepis taraxaci~
folia ; G. fcetida; Melampyrum arvense ; Veronica verna ; V. Triphyllos ;
Teucrium Scordium ; Primula elatior ; Suada fruticosa ; Obione pedun-

471

culata ; Sturmia Lceselii ; Stratiotes aloides ; Carex ericetorum ; Setaria
viridis ; Phleum Bo&hmeri ; Apera interrupta ; Corynepliorus canescens ;
Lastrea cristata.

On the other hand, the following Eastern Counties species are not
recorded for Holland : Arenaria leptoclados ; Lathyrus hirsutus; Peuce-
danum palustre ; Galium Vaillantii; Diotis maritlma ; Verbascum
pulverulentum ; Melampyrum cristatum ; Chenopodium botryodes ; Statice
caspia ; Actinocarpus Damasonium ; Potamogeton trichoides ; Lastrea
uliginosa.

Muscari racemosum in Suffolk is represented by M. botryodes in
Holland, and Frankenia Icevis by F. pulverulentum.

There are other East Anglian plants, which are less peculiarly so
than those in the preceding lists ; and as regards which, nearly the
same proportions are present in, or absent from, the Flora of Holland.
The following species belong to both Floras : Anemone pulsatilla ; Bar-
barea stricta ; Sagina ciliata ; Genista pilosa ; Vicia gracilis ; jLathyrus
maritimus ; Eryngium campestre ; Hypochceris maculata ; Arnoseris
pusilla ; Filago apiculata ; F. spathulata ; Campanula rapunculoides ;
Polygonum maculatum ; P. mite; Hippophae rhamnoides ; Ceratophyllum
submersum ; Orchis hircina ; Aceras antliropophora ; Leucojum cestivum ;

Carex paradoxa ; Digitaria humifusa ; Alopecurus bulbosus ; Poabul-
bosa.

Of like East Anglian plants the following do not occur in Holland r
Fumaria parviflora ; F. Vaillantii ; Ulex nanus ; Trifolium suffocatum ;
Verbascum virgatum ; Veronica spicata ; Ophrys aranifera.

From the above remarks, and the contrasted lists, it will be seer*
that there is a close correspondence in the Floras of the districts lying on
the East and West of the South portion of the German Ocean. Their
agreement would be still closer if the plants of Dutch Lemberg, the
Fouth-Eastern district of Holland, removed from the coast, were ex-
cluded from the comparison A fair proportion of British plants, which
do not occur in East Anglia, may be found in Holland, excluding the=
Alpine forms.

472

THE PKOGRESS OF BOTANICAL STUDY IN
SUFFOLK.

|HE Materials, from which an account of Botanical Progress in Suf-
folk may be gathered, are far from ample ; and for the most part

fare connected with the present and last centuries. The position
of the County, removed from the Capital, the Universities, the
Cathedral Cities, and other chief seats of learning in England,
was not such as would lead to the early study of Natural Science, or
foster its growth. No early written records of the plants of Suffolk are
known to exist. In fact, for our first step in Suffolk Botany, we must
go back to a somewhat doubtful interpretation of an historical monu-
ment. In some prse-reformation glass in Gislingham Church, the
Columbine, Aquilegia vulgaris. is represented. The flower is of the single
type, which is more usual in the wild, than in the cultivated plant.
Similar flowers have been recently found in the neighbouring parish of
Yaxley by the Rev. W. H. Sewell, who regards the painting as the record
of a plant grown on the spot in the fifteenth century, or even earlier.

Coming down to written history, the earliest mention of a Suffolk
plant is the Sea Pea, Lathyrus maritimus. The following account, partly
legendary, is given by Martyn in his edition of Miller. ' We learn from
the epistles of the learned Caius that the Sea Pea was first observed in
the year 1555, when in a great scarcity, the poor people on the coast of
Suffolk about Orford and Aldborough supported themselves with it for
some time. This story is retailed by Snow and Camden ; with the
addition, that they were supposed to spring up opportunely in that
year of dearth, from a ship-wrecked vessel loaded with Peas : whereas
the Sea Pea differs from all the varieties of the garden or field Pea, in
the length and continuance of its roots, the smallness and bitterness of
its seed, and in the whole habit and appearance of the plant. It had
probably grown a long time on Orford Beach unobserved, till extreme
want called it into public notice. The seed is so bitter that it could
not be eaten, except in a want of better food, and it is certainly not
used at present, though it might be gathered in sufficient quantity ; nay,
it is neglected by the very birds. The legend of the miraculous arrival

473

-of these Peas in a time of extreme scarcity, is still believed among the
country people.' Gardener's and Botanist's Dictionary, vol. n, not paged.

Several other writers mention the same fact. Dr. Bullen, Rector of
Blaxhall in Suffolk from 1550 to 1554, wrote in 1562 his " Bulwark of
Defence," in which is included ' A Book of Simples,' being a herball in
the form of a dialogue. In this he mentions the crop of sea pease on
the beach near Orford and Aldborough, which preserved the poor in a
time of dearth. Further accounts are to be seen in Johnson's Gerarde,
p. 1250 ; Parkinson's Theater, p. 1060 ; and Lobel's Illustrations, p. 164.
•(Pulteney's Progress of Botany in England, vol. i, p. 81.)

Dr. William Turner, educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge,
afterwards Dean of Wells, published in 1551 the first part of a New
Herball in London ; the second part at Cologne in 1562 ; and the third
part at Cologne, with a reprint of the other two parts, in 1568. Dr.
Pulteney says, ' The true era of Botany in England must commence with
him.' He records British plants from many localities ; among them
two from Suffolk, namely, the Satyrion of Dioscorides, by which he
must mean Epipaclis latifolia, and Euphorbia amygdaloides. The former,
he tells us, he had seen twice only in England. The latter he found in
my Lord Wentfurthe's Park, beside Nettlestede, Suffolk.

In 1597 appeared the ' Herball, or General Historic of Plants,
•Gathered by John Gerarde, Master of Chirurgerie, printed in London.
The following species of Suffolk plants are reported by him : Cardaminc
pratensis, amara and hirsuta, p. 203 ; Melilotus offidnalis, p. 1034 ; two
Astragali, p. 1059 ; Ferrum equinum, i.e. Hippocrepis comosa, p. 1056 ;
Parnassia palustris, p. 692 ; Eryngium maritimum, p. 1000 ; Serratula
tinctoria, p. 577 ; Spiranthes autumnalis, p. 168 ; two English Matweeds,
presumably Psamma arenaria and Elymus arenarius, pp. 38,39. The early
mention of the Serratula is interesting, as doubts have been recently
entertained as to its being a native in the County. Gerarde's Herball
long remained a popular book ; and in 1633 a second edition was called
for (London fol.) The title sets forth that it is ' very much enlarged
and amended by Thomas Johnson, Citizen and Apothecary of London.'
This edition is generally quoted as Ger.em.' (Gerarde emaculatus). It
adds to our Suffolk plants Tithymalus, i.e., Euphorbia paralias, Sea Spurge,
growing at Langtree (Landguard) point, right against Harwich, where
it still may be found, pp. 498-505.

474

John Parkinson, Apothecary of London and the King's Herbalist,
published in 1640 his Theater of Plants, (London fol.) It contains but
few notices of Suffolk plants. Two of these are taken from Gerarde ;
he also refers to the Sea Pea. He adds to the County list, Solarium
lethale, i.e., Atropa Belladonna, Deadly Night Shade, Framlingham, p. 648 ;
Stachys palustris, Clown's Woundwort, p. 588. (See Prior's Popular
Names of British Plants, p. 50) ; Asplenium Ruta muraria (p. 1050) and
Ceterach officinarum (p. 1048), both from Framlingham.

Ten years elapsed before another plant was recorded for Suffolk.
As its locality is on or near the Cambridgeshire border there might be
room to doubt to which County it belonged. Judgment in our favour
has come to us by default, as Professor Babington has omitted the plant
from his Flora of Cambridgeshire. As Silene Otites is widely distributed
in the North-west district of Suffolk, there need be no hesitation in
claiming it for this County. It is first recorded in Phytologia Britan-
nica of Wm. How, M.D., London, 1650. « Otites Taberna sive sesamoides
parv. Muscipula salamantica minor ' Spanish Catchfly, <J[ Qttnb on

U-efmrmrlui Jentlj, Mr. Sare.

Another plant found on or near the border line has been inserted in
the Flora of Cambridgeshire, as it was found convenient to include Ex-
ning, an outlying portion of Suffolk in that work. The original notice
is a Ms. note in a copy of J. Martyn's Methodus Plantarum 1730 in the
Library of Trinity College, Cambridge, by Mr. Jackson. 'Mentha silvestris.
In a bushy close near Exning, 1685.'

Our next authority for Suffolk plants is the justly celebrated Rev.
John Ray, Fellow of Trin. Coll., Cambridge : born 1628, deceased Feb.
17th, 1705-6. To this eminent Naturalist and Divine much of the
after progress of Botany and other Natural Sciences in England is chiefly
due. Between 1660 and 1690 he published several Botanical works.
In the last-mentioned year his Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Britan-
nicarum was published ; which was followed by an improved edition in
1696. This work is still recognized as a standard authority on British
Botany. Its influence is still felt, though nearly two hundred years
have passed away since it first saw the light ; and though the systems
of Linnaeus and Jussieu have in the meantime twice changed and vastly
improved Botanical classification. The Synopsis adds the following plants

475

to our Suffolk list : Thlaspi arvense ; Lepidium campestre ; Frankenia Icevis;
Scleranthus perennis ; Medicago minima § denticulata ; Trifolium scabrum $
glomeratum ; Prunus Cerasus ; Myriophyllum verticillatum ; Cicuta virosa ;
Artemisia campestris ; Ilex Aquifolium ; Veronica Triphyllos ; Primula
elatior ; Ophrys apifera fy muscifera ; Avena pratensis fy Dactylis glomerata.

An edition of the Synopsis was published in 1724 by J. J. Dillenius,
M.D. This celebrated botanist was born at Darmstadt, and was edu-
cated at the University of Giessen. He was brought to England by
Wm. Sherard, and at his instance edited the Synopsis. On the founda-
tion of the Professorship of Botany in the University of Oxford under
the will of Mr. Sherard, Dillenius was appointed to fill the chair.
In 1735 he took an Oxford ad-eundem Degree. He died of apoplexy
April 2, 1747, in his sixtieth year. The additions to the Suffolk list in
Dill. Ray are Thalictrum minus ; Hzlleborus fcetidus ; Lepidium ruderale ;
Erysimum cheiranthoides and orientate ; .Sedum anglicum ; Asperula cynan-
chica ; Senecio palustris ; Asperugo procumbens ; Verbascum pulverulentum ;
Orobanche ramosa ; Thesium humifusum & Urtica pilulifera.

In the Herbarium of that diligent Botanist the Rev. Adam Buddie,
in the Botanical Department of the South Kensington Museum, formerly
in Sir Hans Sloane's Museum, there are several Suffolk plants ; probably
many, as in 1698 his home for a time was at Henley in Suffolk. Un-
fortunately he rarely gives localities for his plants. His Mss. in the
British Museum have been looked into by a friend but without impor-
tant result. He seems to be the earliest authority for Medicago falcata ;
Lathyrus palustris; Eryngium campestre; Triticum junceum; Nitella
flexilis.

In 1763 the Plantas Cantabrigienses of Thos. Martyn, B.D., F.R.S.,
Professor of Botany in the University of Cambridge, was published.
To this were appended * Lists of the more rare plants growing in many
parts of England and Wales.' In 1797 he issued the first part of an
edition of P. Miller's Botanical Dictionary, which was completed in
1807. P. M. Miller's original work was first published in 1724. Martyn's
works added to our Suffolk list, Glaucium luteum ; Cakile maritima;
Honkeneja peploides ; Malva moschata ; Prumus Avium ; Artemisia mari-
tima; Neottia Nidus avis; Acorus Calamus; and several Cryptogams.

476

So far the progress of botanical science in Suffolk had been slow,
and its results small ; nor is there evidence that it had taken root in the
County. The presumption is, that the ascertained local Flora had been
gleaned by outsiders and not by native botanists. The authorities given
for local plants by How, Ray, and Dillenius, viz. Sare, Dale, Lawson,
Sherard, Willisell, and Newton, may include one or more natives of the
County ; but this is doubtful. Sir Dudley Cullum, 3rd Bart., born 1627,
deceased 1720, took a lively interest in gardening and in planting forest
and rare trees : but he does not appear to have made a special study of
botany. It remained for some other members of his family to make a
new departure, and to become the fathers of this science in Suffolk.

Sir John Cullum, 6th Baronet, was born at Hawstead Place in 1732.
He was educated at Bury Grammar School and St. Catherine's Hall,
Cambridge. He took his B.A. degree as 4th Jun. Optime in 1756, and
was elected a Foundation Fellow of his College in 1759. He was insti-
tuted to the Rectory of Hawstead in 1762, and to that of Great Thurlow
in 1774. Sir John became F.S.A. March 1774, and F.R.S. in 1775. His
death occurred at Hardwick House, and he was buried at Hawstead in
1785. His only published work is the History of Hawstead, 1774, in
which he gives a list of the wild plants in that parish. This contains
but a small part of his botanical researches, which are more fully re-
corded in his Naturalist's Journal for the years 1772 to 1785. The
Journal is a daily record of observations in various scientific depart-
ments and of historical memoranda. It is enriched by frequent medi-
tations in Latin verse, evidencing a highly cultivated mind and a ready
muse. It very fully illustrates the Flora of the neighbourhood of Bury
St. Edmunds, and records various plants from the Suffolk coast and the
North of the County. Upwards of 500 flowering plants and more than
50 Cryptogams of the County are for the first time recorded in the
Journal. Among the more important of these are — Clematis Vital ba ;
Anemone Pulsatilla ; Camelina saliva ; Helianthemum vulgare ; Viola hirta ;
Saponaria offidnalis ; Silene noctiflora ; Alsine tenuifolia ; Holosleum um-
bellatum ; Hypericum Androscemum and elodes ; Geranium pratense, san-
guineum^ rolundifolium and columbinum ; Linum angustifolium ; Genista
pilosa ; Trifolium ochroleucum and subterraneum ; Vicia lathyroides ;
Lathyrus Aphaca and Nissolia ; Onobrychis saliva ; Spircea Filipendula ;
Polenlilla verna ; Pyrus communis ; Peplis Porlula ; Tillcea muscosa;

477

Caucalis daucoides and latifolia ; Inula Belenium ; Artemisii Absinthium ;
Arnoseris pusilla ; Lactuca Scariola ; Campanula glomerata ; Gentiance
A.marella and campestris; Limnanthemum nympkceoides ; Convolvulus Sol-
danella ; Anchusa sempervirens ; Hyoscyamus niger ; Orobanche Rapum \.
Verbascum Lychnitis ; Veronica spicata and verna ; Calamintha Nepeta ;
Leonurus Cardiaca ; Marrubium vulgare ; Pinguicula vulgaris ; Utricularia
vulgaris and minor ; Ophrys aranifera ; Convallaria majalis ; Ornithogalum
timbellatum and nutans ; Muscari racemosum ; Colchicum autumnale ; Po-
tamogeton perfoliatus ; Carex pendula and distans ; .4«Va caryophyllea and
prcecox ; Equisetum hiemale and Ophioglossum vulgatum. This valuable
Journal has furnished large stores of information to the compiler of the
present Flora. It does not appear to have been consulted in preparing
the list of 1860.

The progress of Botany in Suffolk must have been in a measure
checked by the removal of Sir John Cullum. It is true that his mantle
was taken up by his brother, but it was some time before he put it on
in public. Meanwhile other labourers seem to have been working in the
Suffolk field, and an interesting record of their labours has happily been
preserved. In a copy of Dillenius Ray, in the library of the Oxford
Botanical Garden, there are some important Ms. notes connected with
the Botany of Suffolk, supposed to be from the hand of Mr. Pitchford*
not later than 1780 : as it mentions about twenty rare plants discovered
by Sir John Cullum, it shows that the fruit of his labours was not wholly
buried in his journal, but was becoming available for the edification of
others. A few plants by other discoverers are mentioned, and are as-
follows : Delphinium consolida (Ajacis) & Obione pedunculata found by
Rev. H. Bryant 1764. Daphne Mezereum and Fritillaria Meleagris by Mr.
Crowe (well known in connection with the British Salices) . Vicia lutea
by Mr. Humphrey. Digitaria sanguinalis by J. Dickson, F.L.S., Com-
piler of ' Hortus Siccus Britannicus.' Lolium bromoides — Festuca uniglumis
by Samuel Goodenough, L.L.D , F.R.S., author of a paper in Linn. Soc.
Transac, vol. n, on the British species of Carex ; Treasurer of the Linn.
Soc., and Lord Bishop of Carlisle 1808 to 1827. Lepidium latifolium by
Mr. Pitchford. To Mr. W. Hudson, author of the Flora Anglica we owe
Coriandrum sativum about 1762.

Sir Thomas Gery Cullum, 7th Baronet, takes the second place
among the Suffolk Botanists of the 18th century. He was born at

478

Hardwick in 1741, and was educated at the Charter House. He was
Bath King of Arms from 1771 to 1800. He became a member of the
Corporation of Surgeons in 1778, and of the College of Burgeons in
1800, and attained to eminence as a practitioner in Bury St. Edmunds.
He became in succession F.R.S., F.L.S., & F.S.A. He early applied him-
self to the study of Botany, and some interesting finds by .him are
recorded in Sir John's Journal. His ' Floras Anglicse Specimen ' was
•commenced (inchoatus) in 1774, and, though printed, was not published.
In 1785 he succeeded to the Baronetcy and family estate ; he lived
to the ripe age of 90, and was buried at Hawstead.

The contributions of Sir T. G. Cullum to the Flora of Suffolk may
"be found in Gillingwater's History of Bury, 1804, and in the Botanist's
Guide, 1805. The former work contains an anonymous list of Suffolk
plants, chiefly from the neighbourhood of Bury. From internal evi-
dence it is plain that it was written by Sir Thomas. There is also a
statement in the Botanist's Guide, p. 557, to the effect that the list was
from his hand. The list contains 180 plants, nearly 40 of which are new
records for Suffolk. In the Botanist's Guide 89 Suffolk plants have Sir
Thomas Cullum's name attached to them, but the greater part of these
had appeared in his list of the preceding year. The more interesting and
important species contributed by him are — Papaver hybridum ; Sisym-
brium polyceratium ; Altli&a officinalis; Medicago silvestris; Trifoliwn
medium and suffocatum; Lathy <rus silvestris]; Ly thrum Hyssopifolia ;
Tamarix anglica; Myriophyllum spicatum ; Herniaria glabra ; CEnanthe
peucedanifolia (? Lachenalii) ; Chcerophyllum Anthriscus; Hypochceris
maculata ; Crepis fwtida ; Cuscuta Epithymus ; Orobanche elatior ;
Mentlia piperita; Anagallis ccerulea; Chenopodium hybridum ; Rumex
maritimus and palustris ; Salix fragilis and undulata ; Epipactis palus-
tris ; Herminium Monorchis ; Cephalanthera ensifolia ? ; Sturmia Losselii ;
Iris fcetidissima and Tulipa silvestris. It has seldom fallen to the lot of
a Naturalist to add so large a list of noteworthy plants to a County
Flora. His eminence as a Botanist is sufficiently attested by the flat-
tering dedication of the English Flora to him by Sir J. B. Smith, and
by the genus Cullumia-Lisianthus, named in compliment to him.

Six years before the publication of the History of Bury, Loder's
History of Framlingham was given to the world. This work was
enriched by a list of local plants, drawn up by one who has a name in

479

literature, as well as in science— the poet Crabbe. George Crabbe was-
born at Aldeburgh in Suffolk, 24th December, 1754. He was son to an
officer in the Customs, who at first thought of training him for a like
employment ; but eventually apprenticed him to an apothecary, to pre-
pare him for the medical profession. Having conceived a taste for
poetical composition, and finding himself in considerable straits, he
applied about 1780 to the celebrated Edmund Burke. Acting on his
advice, he qualified himself for Holy Orders, and in 1781 he was ordained
to the curacy of Aldeburgh, and in 1783 obtained promotion in Dorset-
shire. For a time he held the curacy of Great Yarmouth ; and he lived at
Great Glemham andEendham, where he had an opportunity of studying-
the Botany of the neighbourhood of Framlingham. He afterwards held
the livings of Merston and Croxton Kerryel in Leicestershire, where he
made his botanical notes, which have proved so useful to the Editors
of the recently-published Flora of that County. He lived to a good
old age, and died at Trowbridge, Wiltshire, 8th February, 1832.

His Framlingham list includes 226 flowering plants and a few
Cryptogams. Its importance chiefly consists in its being the first con-
siderable contribution to the Botany of East Suffolk, and as adding
nearly 40 new species to the Flora of the County. Mr. Crabbe also con-
tributed largely to the Suffolk list in the Botanist's Guide. Few of
these were additions to his list of 1798. Others of them, though new
to the County, do not rest solely on his authority, but are confirmed by
other names, and can only be credited to him in conjunction with other
persons.

His plants, on the whole, are not such rare forms as those of the
preceding list. The following are selected from them, Anemone nemo-
rosa ; Ranunculus Lingua ; Silene quinquevulnera ; Cerastium tetrandum ;
Hyper icum hirsutum ; Falcatula ornithopodiodes ; Primus Padus ; Bup-
leui'iou tenuissimum; Pulicaria vulgaris ; Carduus eriophorus ; Stratiotes
aloides ; Crocus vernus ; Actinocarpus Damasonium ; Datura Stramonium ;
Typha angustifolia ; Scirpus silvaticus ; Carex canescens and extensa ;
Melica uniflora ; Serrafalcus secalinus ; Hordeum maritimum ; Lolium
temulentum.

In 1800-3, Sir J. E. Smith, M.D.,F.K.S., published his Flora Bri-
tannica, 3 vols. 8vo., London. The English Flora, 4 vols. 8vo., was not

480

published until more than 20 years after. In his earlier work mention
is made of several Suffolk plants, of which the following were new to
the County — Silene conica ; (Enothera biennis; Sedum album ; Diotis
maritima; three Chenopodia; Atriplex farinosa ; Digitalis humifusai
Corynephorus canescens and Poa bulbosa.

The publication of the Botanist's Guide in 1805 augured well for
the progress of Suffolk Botany in the 19th Century. Its list of Suffolk
plants comprises 365 species, of which 112 are Cryptogams ; and its con-
tributors in the County amounted to forty, all of whom, except two,
were still alive when the Guide was published. That so many persons
"were at that time giving attention to the local Botany, is an evidence
that the science had taken firm root in the County, and was bringing
forth good fruit. The Guide was compiled by Dawson Turner, F.R.S.,
Ac., and Lewis Weston Dillwyn, F.R.S., &c. It does not pretend to
give complete lists of the plants of the various Counties, but only the
rarer and more interesting species. The fact that one of the Editors
resided at Yarmouth, on the border of this County, largely assisted in
making the Suffolk list more perfect.

The chief contributors to the Suffolk portion of the Botanist's Guide
and the more important plants added by them to the County Flora,
are, Dawson Turner, Esq., F.R.S., F.A.S., F.L.S., &c., a banker in
Yarmouth ; we owe to him Hesperis matronalis ; Erodium moschatum ;
Potentilla procumbens ; Chcerophyllum sativum ; Suceda maritima ; Cerato-
phyllum submersum ; Gagea lutea ; Potamogeton rufescens ; Eleocharis
acicularis ; Carex axillaris^ remota, (Ederi (cyperoides), binervis, and
Jiliformis ; Avenafatua and 54 Cryptogams.

Lilly Wigg, F.L.S., was trained as a shoemaker ; for a time he was
a schoolmaster and afterwards a clerk in Messrs. Gurney and Turner's
bank at Yarmouth : to him we owe Barbarea prcecox ; Viola palustris ;
Trifolium maritimum ; Carduus tenuiflorus and pratensis ; Pyrola rotundi-
folia ; Verbascum Blattaria ; Centunculus minimus ; Salix argentea ;
Polygonatum 'multiftorum ; Ehyncospora alba ; Eleocharis multicaulis ;
Scirpus pauciftorus ; and two Cryptogams. Mr. Wigg is also the earliest
authority for Peucedanum palustre; Valerianella dentata; Lamiunt
incisum and with others for Cladium Mariscus.

481

T. J.Woodward, of Bungay (who also contributed to Martyn's, Miller
and Withering's Flora), is first authority for Helleborus viridis; Pyrus
Aria; Vaccinium Oxycoccos ; Suceda fruticosa ; Aristolochia Clematitis;
Salix pentandra ; Alopecurus bulbosus ; Brachypodium pinnatum. He is
authority for several other plants of later date.

David Elisha Davy lived for some time at Ufford, and at the Grove,
Yoxford. He was Receiver-General of Transferred Duties. He con-
tributed largely to the Botanist's Guide. Several lists in Ms. from his
hand are in the Library of the British Museum. Two of these are of
plants chiefly collected by himself. New plants by him in B.G. are —
Crambe maritima ; Pyrus torminalis ; Cyclamen liederifolium ; Juncus
maritimus ; Carex Hornschuchiana. He is the authority for Corydalis clavi-
culata ; Drosera rotundifolia ; Diantkus Armeria ; Buffonia tenuifolia ?
Vicia bWtynica; Erythrcea pulchella ; Orobanche ccerulea ; Verbascum
virgatum ; Equisetum maximum.

Other plants, first mentioned for Suffolk in the Botanist's Guide,
are Fumaria parviflora ; Geranium phceum and pyrenaicum; Chrysosple-
nium alternifolium ; Archangelica officinalis ; Inula crithmoides ? ; Senecio
paludosus ; Leucojum ccstivum; Pilularia globulifera ; Lycopodium
inundatum.

No new work, having special reference to Suffolk Botany, was
published until 1834, when the Natural History of Yarmouth was issued
by C. J. and James Paget. The latter gentleman is now an eminent
London Surgeon, created Baronet in 1871. The portion of Suffolk re-
ferred to in the History, is the North-Eastern corner, comprised in the
Hundreds of Lothingland and Mutford. For the more common plants
localities are not given, and many of the raier ones are taken from the
Botanist's Guide. Among the remainder the additions to our Flora-
must be sought, which are many, considering the limited area from
which they have been collected. Some of the more important species
are — Lepidium Smithii ; Alyssum maritimum; Sagina maritima; Thrin-
cia hirta ; Tragopogon minor ; Myosotis ccespitosa ; Limosella aquatica
(Borrer) ; Chenopodium ficifolium ; Seta maritima; Obione portulacoides ;
Salix cinerea and ambigua (Borrer) ; Populus alba and canescens ; My-
rica Gale ; Malaxis paludosa (Leathes) ; Juncus squarrosus, d'c. ; Scir-
pus maritimus and cccspitosus ; Carex vulpina, muricata,paniculata, stellu-

482

Zato, limosd) flava, and Pseudo-cyperus ; Agrostis canina and alba; Tri-
• odia decumbens ; Molinia ccerulea ; Gtyceriafluitans; Sclerochloa mari-
tima and procumbens ; Briza media ; Festuca rubra^ gigantea and ^ra-
tensis; Bromus asper ; Serrafalcus racemosits ; Brachypodium silvaticum ;
Triticum repens ; Hordeum pratense ; Equisetum limosum and palustre ;
Polypodium vulgare ; Lastrea Oreopteris.

Lists of Mosses and other Cryptogams are also given by Messrs.
Taget, of which about 100 localized species are new to Suffolk. Besides
these there are many others, for which localities have not been given,
;and which consequently cannot with certainty be reckoned as Suffolk
species. Sir J. Paget's Herbarium in Norwich Museum has been con-
sulted, it adds no important species to the Flora of Suffolk.

The New Botanist's Guide, published in 1835-7, brought with it a
fresh contribution to the Flora of Suffolk. It was compiled by Mr.
Hewitt Cottrell Watson, a gentleman, who, by his subsequent writings,
the Cybele Britannica, Topographical Botany and other important works
gave a fresh impulse to the study of Botanical Science and placed him-
self in the first rank of British Botanists. Mr. Watson came of a good
stock. He was born in 1804 at Firbeck in the South of Yorkshire.
When twenty-two years old, he became the possessor of a small estate
in Derbyshire ; soon after which he went to study in Edinburgh. In
1835 he purchased a residence at Thames Ditton, Surrey, which became
his future home. For a time he diligently prosecuted the study of
Entomology; but afterwards he gave himself almost wholly to the
investigation of Geographical Botany, which in his hands attained the
dignity of a special science. Though apparently absorbed by Botany,
he had an interest in and leisure for other matters. He gave his attention
at times to phrenology ; and he was also an earnest politician of the
democratic school, and had relations with the business of the world.
He was for many years a shareholder in the South Australian Land Co.,
and took a lively interest in its affairs, and for several years, towards
the end of his life, acted as one of the auditors of its accounts. He
attained the ripe age of seventy -seven, and was buried at Thames Ditton.

The New Botanist's Guide, coming so soon after the last-named
work, could not be expected to add largely to the numbers of recognized
Suffolk species. It utilized the information contained in the Older Guide,

483

in the Natural History of Yarmouth, and in the works of Sir J. E. Smith.
To this was added new matter obtained from several contributors, but
little or nothing from the personal researches of the Author, who likely,,
at the time, had no special knowledge of the County.

The Authorities for new Suffolk plants in N.B.G., and the added
species, are, — D. Stock, of Bungay — Medicago maculata-, Monotropa
Hypopitys ; Myosotis collina ; Veronica polita ; Chenopodium murale ;
Polygonum minus ; Ceratophyllum demersum ; Lemna gibba ; Schosnus
nigricans ; Carex divulsa ; Calamagrostis epigejos ; Kcehleria cristdta.
Samuel Woodward, of Norwich, Carex stricta.
— Winch, Isatis tinctoria.
Miss Bell, Hypericum calycinum.

John Lindley, Ph.D., F.R.S., &c., Professor of Botany in University
College, London, Eubus K&hleri.
Messrs. Paget, Apium repens.

The later works of Mr. Watson deal with a speciality in Botany —
the Geographical Distribution of Plants in Great Britain. His re-
searches in this department of botanical science are chiefly contained
in Cybele Britannica, 4 vols., London, 1847-59 ; and a supplement
(not published), 1860. This superseded an earlier work, ' Geographical
Distribution of British Plants,' printed for private circulation in 1832.
In 1868-70 was published, ' Compendium of Cyb. Br. ; and a supplement
to the same in 1872. His ripest thoughts and latest researches on the
same subject were published in 1873-4, in 2 vols., under the title, * Topo-
graphical Botany.' In his own field of inquiry, Mr. Watson has no
equal, and he has left his mark on British Botany for all time.

A work, entitled « Southwold and its Vicinity,' by Robt. Wake,
M.R.C.S.L., was published in 1839. The Flora of the neighbourhood is
treated of in a short chapter of six pages. It adds but little to our-
knowledge of the rarer plants of the County. It supplies the earliest
notice of Crithmum maritimum, and possibly of Cyclamen hederifolium,
as he seems to indicate that Sowerby's plate was taken from a plant
supplied by Mr. Wm. Hay, gardener to Lord Stradbroke.

In 1846 was published, in small folio, 'Specimens of Natural Grasses
of West Suffolk,' by W. & H. Raynbird, of Hengrave. The work has.
been looked into, but no special use has been made of it for this Flora.

484

• The next marked step in the progress of Suffolk Botany, was the
publication in 1860 of the ' Flora of Suffolk.' Materials for a work of
this kind had, through the labours of local and other botanists, been
gradually accruing. Some of these had been placed on record in lists
published in the Phytologist, old series, by Messrs. J. Townsend and
W. L. Notcutt, and by T. W. Gissing in the New Series. Others were
•contributed by the twelve persons mentioned in the preface of the Flora,
viz., Mr. R. Blackett, the Rev. E. N. Bloomfield (now Rector of Guest-
ling, Sussex), Sir Charles J. F. Bunbury, Bart., Mrs. Carss, of Wel-
netham, Mr. Joseph Gedge, the Rev. J. S. Henslow, the Rev. S. Ric-
hards (Rector of Stowlangtoft), the Rev. Henry Roberts, Mr. E. Skepper,
Mr. D. Scock, the Rev. K. Trimmer (Vicar of St. George, Tombland,
Norwich, Author of the Flora of Norfolk), and Dr. White. Some of the
results of the late F. K. Eagle's researches in the North- West portion
of the County, were also available for use.

It fell to the lot of the Rev. Professor Henslow and Mr. Edmund
Skepper to place these materials in order, and to give them to the world.
Before speaking of their work, let a word be said about its authors.
John Stevens Henslow was born at Rochester, February 6th, 1796. His
grandfather was Sir John Henslow, Chief Surveyor of the Navy, and his
father, John Prentis Henslow, was in business. lu October, 1814, he
entered St. John's College, Cambridge, where he took a Wrangler's de-
gree. He very early acquired a knowledge of natural history, especially
of zoology, mineralogy, chemistry and geology. In 1822, he was elected
Professor of Mineralogy, and in 1825, Professor of Botany. From this
time until his death on May 16th, 1861, botany occupied the greatest
part, though by no means the whole, of his attention. He published in

1836, ' The Principles of Descriptive and Physiological Botany,' a book
which was long considered the best manual of structural and physiolo-
gical botany in the English language.

The list of his books and papers on botany, other branches of
natural history and various other subjects, occupy nearly seven pages
at the end of his life by the Rev. L. Jenyns, his brother-in-law. In

1837, he was presented by the Crown to the living of Hitcham, where
he resided for the remainder of his life. He took a great interest in
the Ipswich Museum, which, from the time of his being elected Presi-
dent in 1850, was placed entirely under his direction, and received from

485

him continual accessions in every department of natural history. He
also introduced the study of botany into the village school at Hitcham,
and drew up and printed a list of Hitcham plants.

Edmund Skepper, son of Breame Skepper, was born October 20th,
1825, at Oulton Cottage in Suffolk, an appendage to the Oulton Hall
estate, the property of his grandfather. Until he was fourteen his
education was conducted at home, then for a few years he was a pupil
to the Rev. — Clayton, at Bawburgh near Norwich. On leaving School
he was apprenticed to a firm of Chemists at Norwich. For a short time
he conducted a business at Harwich ; and was afterwards appointed
dispenser at the Suffolk General Hospital, Bury St. Edmunds. After
some time he entered into partnership with Mr. J. V. Nunn, whose
eldest daughter he married in August, 1855. From a child Mr. Skepper
made natural history a study, and as he advanced in years made
acquaintance with many branches of it. He also gave considerable
attention to the theoretical study of Music and became an accomplished
vocalist. In his general life he was, from his large store of information
and powers of conversation, an interesting companion of genial temper-
ament and largely amiable. We are indebted to the Rev. E. N. Bloom-
field for the following details of his scientific life. ' I owe my acquain-
tance with the late Mr. E. Skepper to our common friend Professor
Henslow. At the time I first corresponded with him in 1856, he was
studying the Fungi and Diatomacese, and had a fair acquaintance with
Phanerogamous Botany. In 1859 Mr. Skepper undertook, at the request
of Professor Henslow, to prepare a catalogue of Suffolk plants from the
lists, which had been sent to him by local collectors, as he found he
would not be able to edit it himself. After the Flora was published I
often corresponded with Mr. Skepper, and made some pleasant excursions
with him both near Bury and Lowestof t. Those from Bury were generally
to Tuddenham St. Mary, taking any interesting locality on our way, as
Risby, Cavenham Severals, Icklingham or Barton Mills. Sometimes our
principal object was Phanerogams, sometimes Cryptogams, (Mosses,
Lichens, &c.,) It was on a trip in search of the latter, Nov. 1st, 1860,
that we met with the very rare moss Cinclidium stygium, in good quantity
and with plenty of fruit in perfection. On a later occasion we found a
patch of Lycopodium clavatum, the only instance, I believe, in which it
has been found in Suffolk in recent days. Mr. Skepper's health was not

486

good and he was advised to be much in the open air. To give interest
to his walks he would take up some special subject, and work the
neighbourhood well, until he could find little novelty. Thus he took up
Mosses and Lichens, Ornithology, Land and Fresh Water Molluscas, Lepi-
doptera, &c., taking up each subject with energy and patient perseverance.
For some years we tried to verify the localities, given in the Flora, near
Bury and Lowestoft, with the result of confirming many of those given
for rare plants and adding new ones. All our time together was occupied
with Natural History, with one exception, when he took me to the
Institute to show me the telescope he had assisted to mount. He was.
devotedly attached to his children, who were very young at the time
of his death, June 2nd, 1867.' He was interred in the Cemetery at
Bury St. Edmunds.

The Flora of Suffolk of 1860, while it exhibits the progress of
botanical science in the County to that date, did not pretend to give a
complete and exhaustive account of its native plants. It was published
rather as an incentive to further research, and as a help to new labourers
in the field. It seems to have occupied but a very short time in pre-
paration ; and the means of information placed at the command of its
authors was comparatively small. It added nevertheless considerably
to the knowledge of the local Flora, and laid a foundation for further
efforts in the same direction. It is not possible in all cases to give the
authorities for the new plants recorded in its pages. The following
account is we believe substantially correct. A few plants are included
here not mentioned in the Flora, though given on the authority of its
authors. They are distinguished by an asterisk.

Rev. Professor Henslow — Ranunculus Godronii*; JR. arvensis; Linum
usitatissimum ; Lonicera Caprifolium ; Senecio erucifolius ; Cuscuta
Trifolii; Melampyrum arvense ; Atriplex erecta; Eumex conglomeratus :
Anacharis Alsinastrum ; Allium vineale, Juncus compressus; Luzula
multiflora* ; ' Carex prcecox and glauca, vesicaria, Calamagrostis lan-
ceolata ; Festuca elatior ; Triticum caninum ; Polysticlium angular e.

E. Skepper — Eanunculus Lenormandi* ; Papaver Lecoqii* ; Cardamine
impatiens ; Sisymbrium pannonicum* ; Lepidium Draba ; Lavatera
arborea*; Trifolium incarnatum* ; Rosa sy sty la* ; PetroseUnumsegetum;
Petasites fragrans* ; Erigeron canadensis* ; Hieracium vulgatum* ; Ery-

487

thrcea littoralis ; Orobanche Picridis* ; Euplwrbia Lathyris ; Ulmus mon-
tana; Potamogeton plantagineus and trichoides; Eriophorum latifolium;
Avena strigosa ; Poa compressa ; Glyceriaplicata; Cynosurus echinatus* ;
Serrafalcus commutatus and arvensis.

Henslow and Skepper — Plants mentioned in the Flora for which
the particular authority has not been traced — Eaphanus maritimus ;
Hypericum dubium ; Ulexnanus; Melilotus alba; Lotus tennis (erro-
neously called I/, angustissimus) ; L. major; Centranthusruber; Lactuca
saligna; Cuscuta Epilinum ; Orobanche CaryopJiyllacea ; Teucrium SCOT-
dium; Potamogeton prcslongus; Carex strigosa; Alopecurus fulvus;
Lolium italicum.

Rev. Edwin Newson Bloomfield, late Senior Fellow of Clare Coll.,
Cambridge, now Rector of Guestling, Sussex — Cardamlneflexuosa*; An-
themis tinctoria, sp.* ; Doronicum plantagineum, sp.* ; Crepis taraxaci-
folia ; Orchis hircina ; Scirpus Savii and monostachys ; Festuca Myurus.
Mr. Bloomfield re-discovered Eryngium campestre, sp., in 1855.

Rev. Kirby Trimmer, late Vicar of St. George, Tombland, Norwich,
Author of the Flora of Norfolk — Mentlia rotundifolia and mollisima ;
Statice Beheri*.

F. K. Eagle, a botanist of the beginning of the present Century.
His researches were chiefly made in the N.W. of the County. His atten-
tion was more especially given to Mosses and other Cryptogams. —
Saftjjtjisorba qfficinalis ; Gnaphalium luteo-album ; Asperugo procumbens ;
Veronica Buxbaumii ; Amaranthus Blitum ; Atriplex littoralis.

Sir T. Gage, Bart. — Trifolium squarrosum*, E. Skepper's Her-
barium.

Dr. White, late of Lavenham — Hieracium maculatum ; Orchis incar-
nata* ; Poa nemoralis.

Rev. W. W. Newbould — Sagina ciliata ; Apera internipta ; Melilotus
arvensis ; Sclerochloa Borreri.

The works bearing on the Botany of Suffolk since the publication
of Henslow and Skepper's Flora are, First — ' The Handbook of Suffolk,'
by Dr. J. E. Taylor of Ipswich Museum, 1887. Reference is made in it
to many of our rarer local species. Having previously received infor-

488

mation from Dr. Taylor about species found by him in the County, it
has not been necessary to make special use of its information. A second
volume, also published in 1887, is, ' Some Materials for the History of
Wherstead by the Rev. F. Barham Zincke.' Appended to the History
is a list of Wherstead plants by H. Haward, Esq., late of Pannington
Hall, now of Red House, Little Blakenham. Most of the localities
given have been found available for the Flora. This list has received
considerable additions from Mr. Haward's hands, which, with the
localities of plants beyond Wherstead, have been communicated to me.
In many cases verified by specimens. A third volume is * An Account
of the Flowering Plants, Ferns and Allies of Harleston,' by the Rev.
Francis William Galpin, M.A., F.L.S., 8vo., London, 1888. The district
illustrated is a circle of eight miles radius round Harleston in Norfolk.
More than one-third of this circle is in Suffolk. The whole area has
been carefully examined by the author and the other members of the
Harleston Botanical Club ; and large use has been made of their
researches.

As the Flora of Suffolk, now given to the public, was undertaken
at the suggestion of the late Dr. Babington, and has been largely in-
debted to his kind counsel and assistance ; affectionate mention of him
in connection with this work seems to be called for. Churchill Babing-
ton, son of the Rev. Matthew Drake Babington, was born at Roecliffe in
Leicestershire, llth March, 1821. He was chiefly educated by his
father, and, whilst making progress in Classics, early developed a taste
for Botany, Ornithology, and other Natural Sciences. He entered St.
John'?, Cambridge, in October, 1839. He graduated in 1843 as a Senior
Optime and seventh in the first Class of the Classical Tripos, In March,
1840, he became a Fellow of his College, and soon after went to the
South of Europe, where he made large botanical collections and studied
the Antiquities of Italy. In 1865 he became Disney Professor of
Archaeology, and in the following year was appointed Rector of
Cockfield. In 1879 he proceeded to D.D., and in the next year was
elected Hon. Fellow of his College. The Birds of Suffolk was completed
in 1886. His failing health prevented his undertaking, as he had pro-
posed, the joint editorship of this Flora, though he continued his
interest in and labour for it until the fatal illnef-s, which removed him
from his many labours, and deprived his admirers of a valued friend.
His death took place on Saturday, January 12th, 1889, in his 68th year,

489

at Cockfield, where he was buried on the following Thursday. I deeply
regret that the impress of his vigorous mind and hand are not more-
clearly seen in this work. It was his earnest desire to take an active
part in preparing it for the press. Since his removal, many of his-
plants have been placed by his widow in the Editor's hands, who has-
been able to glean from them much useful information.

In an account of the Progress of Botany in Suffolk, mention should
be made of those modern workers in the field, who have by their labours
prepared the way for the publication of this work. First of these is
Mrs. Casborne, daughter of Capel Lofft, Esq., of Troston Hall, and wife
of the Rev. W. J. 8. Casborne, of Newhouse, Pakenham. She died
October, 1884. Her Herbarium of British plants, now at Troston Hall,
is arranged in 25 fol. volumes. It contains most of our British flowering
plants, and a considerable number of Cryptogams. It adds 25 species
to the Suffolk Flora.

2nd. A collection of plants in 30 vols. 4to., in the Library of Stow-
langtoft Hall, compiled about 1830 to 1834, is believed to be the work
of the late Rev. W. Steggall, Vicar of Hunston, and aforetime Assistant
Master in Bury St. Edmunds Grammar School. Some of its specimens
were contributed by Dr. W. Bromfield, Author of the Flora of Hants.,
who has supplied specimens to some other Suffolk collections. It re-
cords 19 new Suffolk plants.

3rd. The late Sir Charles James Fox Bunbury, Bart., F.R.S.,
F.L.S.,F.G.S., &c., furnished two general and four special lists of plants.
His extensive Herbarium was not specially examined, as the lists from
his own hands rendered this unnecessary. He was born at Messina in
1809, the son of Sir Henry Bunbury by his first wife, a niece of Charles
James Fox. He left Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1837. He then
went to study plants at the Cape. The results were published in
Hooker's Journal of Botany, and in the 'Journal of a Residence at the
Cape of Good Hope.' He also wrote on the Vegetation of Madeira,
Brazil and Buenos Ayres, published in his last work, ' Botanical Frag-
ments,' 1883. During his residence at Mildenhall, and subsequently
at Barton, he took great interest in the botany of each place, and wrote
full and careful catalogues of the plants he found. His valuable Her-
barium he left to the University of Cambridge, with power to Lady

490

Bunbury to retain it for her life. He died 18th June, 1886. (C.BJ
He contributed 10 new plants to the County Flora.

4th. Closely associated with Sir Charles by family ties and kin-
•dred tastes was Lady Blake, wife of Sir Henry Blake, Bart. Her ex-
tensive Herbarium of British plants is now in the Ipswich Museum*
Many of its specimens were contributed by Sir C. Bunbury, Miss Har-
Tey, and other local botanists, and may fairly be regarded as a dupli-
cate of Sir Charles's British Collection. It adds 7 new plants to our
Flora.

5th. An Herbarium kindly lent by the late Sir C. Bunbury, may
foe regarded as the result of the researches of the late Rev. S. Rickards,
Rector of Stowlangtoft, and was compiled by a member of his family.
It adds 3 plants to the Suffolk list.

5th. The late Mrs. French, of Woolpit, shortly before her death,
gave her collection of British plants to the Editor. It has been speci-
ally useful, as being the only Herbarium in which the plants of the
•extreme part of South-West Suffolk are represented. Mrs. F. added
12 new plants to our list.

6th. The Herbarium of Miss Lathbury, of Bury St. Edmunds, con-
tains a fair number of Suffolk plants from a wide area. It was com-
piled by that lady and other members of her family. Its earliest Suf-
folk record is 1832, its latest 1859. It records 5 new plants for Suffolk.

7th. A collection of 4 large volumes made by Mrs. Dunlap, of
Bardwell Rectory, and a portfolio of original drawings by her sister,
Mrs. Gibson, of Lound Rectory, contain a large proportion of Suffolk
•specimens, of which four are earliest records for the County.

8th. The Herbarium of Hitcham, compiled by the late Professor
Henslow for the instruction of his school children, now in Ipswich
Museum, and a parcel of plants gathered by those children, and kindly
-contributed by Professor C. C. Babington, have been found useful in
the preparation of this work.

9th. Through the kindness of Mrs. Skepper, the Herbarium of her
late husband has been twice examined. Many of its plants were added
after the publication of the Flora of 1860.

491

10th. At Needham Market is a small British Herbarium compiled1
by Miss Jeffes of that town. A fair proportion of its plants have been
collected in Suffolk. Some of these are earliest records.

llth. A number of original drawings of plants, chiefly from the
neighbourhood of Oulton, executed by Mrs. McAubrey, have been twice
examined and many records taken from them.

12th. In the Norwich Museum, under the care of the Norfolk and
Norwich Naturalists' Society, is the Herbarium of Mr. J. D. Salmon,
formerly of Thetford. Its date is 1835 to 1848. It has been -kindly-
examined by the Rev. E. F. Linton. Nearly one-half of its Suffolk
localities are new, but it adds no plants to the list.

13th. H. D. Geldart, Esq., of Norwich, has obligingly contributed
a list of the Suffolk plants in his Herbarium, and considerably added to
the localities for various species.

14th. A small collection of plants, in the Ipswich Museum, by
Miss Manning, has been examined ; also an anonymous portfolio, the
best plants of which have been incorporated with Lady Blake's
Herbarium.

15th. A small collection by Miss Turner, of Bradfield St. George
Rectory, including some specimens from Mrs. Suttaby, was examined
by the late Dr. Babington.

16th. A collection of plants by N. F. Hele, Esq., of Aldeburgh,
contains several interesting species from his neighbourhood ; among
them a few, which were believed to be peculiar to the " Breck " district
in the North-western part of the County.

Several small collections have helped to swell the Suffolk list
Among them, Euston plants by Lady Laura FitzRoy, kindly lent by the
Hon. Canon Phipps; Woolverstone plants by Miss H.M. Sheppard, also
Woodbridge and Felixstowe lists by Miss S. in Gardener's Chronicle :
Suffolk plants by Mr. C. W. Peck, of Brockford and Christ's Coll.,
Cambridge. A valuable list of Felixstowe plants supplied to the late
H. C. Watson, for his Topographical Botany, has been furnished anew
by the Rev. W. H. Purchas, Vicar of Alstonfield, Staffordshire.

Several names are here omitted of those who have done most to-
wards perfecting the Progress of Botanical Science in Suffolk. Their
names will be found in the preface to this work, where some slight

492

•acknowledgement is made of their hearty and generous efforts to give
to the public a full and trustworthy account of the Flora of Suffolk.
The frequent references to their names throughout the work will show
.how largely they have assisted in extending our knowledge of the
County Botany.

A very ancient Record of Suffolk Botany has recently been brought
to light through the investigations of our geologists. Buried for ages,
it has been in part re-discovered, and its inscriptions, well nigh oblitera-
ted, are being gradually deciphered, and are giving to this present age
a glimpse of the Flora of the past The researches of the Authors of
The Fenland, past and present, published in 1878, Impl. 8vo., furnish
general information of the trees and other vegetable remains of a past
age still preserved in our Fens. Information as to the remains of a
Flora of an age, much farther removed from our time, is being placed in
our hands by the geologists of the day. Remains of ancient plants have
been recovered from various geological deposits, and in many cases the
species have been identified, and their connection with the existing
Flora indicated. A list of the ascertained plants of Ancient Suffolk is
appended to this Flora. It is gathered from the papers of Messrs. Reid
and Ridley, Prof. Prestwich, Dr. J. E. Taylor, and Mr. F. J. Bennett, in
the Memoirs of the Geological Survey, Geological Magazine, and the
Records of the Norwich and Norfolk Natural History Society. R. B.
Leach, Esq., F.G.S., has also taken up this special branch of geological
research, and has kindly furnished us with the results of his labours.
With very few exceptions these species, of which remains have come
down from the great Ice Age and that which succeeded it, still survive
in the country ; and, so far as their evidence seems to go, they bear
witness to the permanence of species, and in no way countenance the
-development of one species from another. The latest light cast on the
Flora of our County tells us that the species and forms, with which we
are familiar, are identical with those which existed in ages immeasurably
distant from that in which we now live. Though every individual plant
has its own marked features, a family likeness is still preserved, and
their mutual relation witnessed by those characteristics which unite
them in groups or species. With an endless diversity in the individuals,
there is a well-preserved unity in the groups, which is continued from
age to age under the general laws of created life.

493
ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS.

15 line 2 for F.S.S. read F.L.S.

24 line 22 for appenina and Appenine read apennina and Apennine.

25 line 14 for F.F.L. read E.F.L.
27 line 11 add 4. Minsmere Marsh.

27 after line 20 add 4. Minsmere Marsh.
29 line 15 for without locality read 5. Felixstowe, C.B.
29 line 29 add Felixstowe, C.B.
32 six lines from bottom insert 4. Minsmere Marsh.
57 line 6 add Sizewell
63 line 21 add Sizewell.
68 after line 13 add 4. Sizewell.
73 line 5 for Seekford read Seckf ord.
75 line 14 dele ?

77 line 12 add a, fore pleno form with largish petals from Ampton
Park, Rev. A. L. Williams.

82 line 11 add Ampton, Rev. A. L. Williams.
84 line 15 add Sizewell.

84 line 28 add Sizewell.

85 line 18 add Sizewell.
97 line 13 add Sizewell.

109 line 13 add Sizewell.

117 lowest line enter here from p. 118, line 2, Barrow Bottom ;
Higham and Lakenheath, Sk. ms.

121 line 3 from bottom add Sizewell.

128 lines 8 and 9 from bottom transfer Gorleston, J. Priest in Hb.

Geld, from District 2 to District 3.
132 after line 5 in Fragaria elatior add 5. Barking Wood, Miss

Jefes.
151 above line 9 from bottom insert Form E. umbrosum, Hauskn,

District 4. In a fir plantation close to Eye, May, 1888,

E. S. MarsJmll.

153 line 18 for M. Spicatum read M. spicatum.
162 line 10 for Chrysoplenium read Chrysosplenium.
164 line 5 from bottom for ie read i.e.
169 line 10 for No Cove read North Cove.
171 line 9 from bottom for Lacenalii read Lachenalii.

494
Page 172 bottom line for .ZE. cynapium read £&. Cynapmm.

„ 175 line 10 for Sativum read sativum.

,, 180 line 7 from bottom for Sanguinea read sanguinea.

„ 190 line 3 dele Oulton, McAub.

„ 198 line 20 add Honington.

„ 209 line 8 after B. tripartita, add Linn.

„ 212 line 13 for c. nigres-cens read C. nigrescens.

„ 223 after line 27 insert 4. Minsmere Marsh,

„ 230 bottom line add after incana. Auct.

„ 231 line 1 dele Auct,

„ 243 after line 11 insert 2. Polstead ! Mr. Simpson, through Rev.
J. D. Gray.

„ 249 line 21 add Little Blakenham, Haward.

„ 253 insert after line 2 add. Note — About a dozen plants of Digitalis
in the Rectory Garden, Great Fakenham, in June,
1889, had each an enlarged terminal flower like a
Canterbury Bell.

„ 273 line 24 add (4.) between Hoxne and Eye, E. S. Marshall.

„ 275 line 4 from bottom add Ampton, Rev. A. L. Williams.

„ 303 line 26 for Henslow and Skepper read D. Stock.

„ 330 line 14 add Honington.

„ 335 line 22 interchange stops before and after Woods at Rushbrooke.

„ 337 line 20 for Pseudncorus read Pseudacorus.

„ 361 line 3 for Zizi's read Ziz's.

„ 378 line from bottom insert Near Saxham, E. S. MarsMll.

„ 405 line 10. It is probable that there is here an erroneous transfer
of Dr. Goodenough's locality for F. uniglumis. See
preceding article.

„ 419 line 19 for Henslow and Skepper read Hb. Lathbury.

„ 425 bottom line for Lycopcdium read Lycopodium.

„ 434 line 2 from bottom for Bracy thecium read Brachythecium.

„ 435 line 1 add Siv. after plumosum.

„ 435 Note — Another lacustrine deposit has been discovered at St.
Cross, Southelmham. A paper by Mr. Charles Chandler
has been read at Burlington House by Mr. Clement
Reid on this deposit. Mr. Reid had from it 29 species
of fossil seed. Mr. R. E. Leach has found from 15 to
18 kinds which have been sent to Mr Reid for examina-
tion and comparison.

„ 439 line 7 for Alliarea read Alliaria.

„ 441 line 18 dele Stellaria add „

„ 441 line 8 from bottom dele L add „

„ 443 line 11 from bottom for Anthyllus read Anthyllis.

„ 446 line 27 for suberistata read subcristata.

„ 447 line 10 from bottom for Chrysoplenium read Chrysosplenium. .

„ 447 line 12 from bottom for Saxifrage read Saxif raga.

495

INDEX
OF THE OEDEES AND GENEEA.

Page.

Page.

Acer

... 93

Anthoxanthum ... ... 386

Aceracese

... 93

Anthriscus 178

Aceras

... 331

Anthyllis " 117

Achillea

... 200

Antirrhinum ... ... 253

Aconitum ...

36

Apera 391

Acorus

... 356

Apium ... ... ... 165

Actinocarpus
Adonis

. . 341
.. 25

Apocynacese 233
AquifoliaceaB 232

Adoxa
uJEgopodium

. . 182
.. 167

Aquilegia ... 35
Arabia 46

uJEthusa
Agrimonia ... ...

Agropyron •••
Agrostis

. 172
.. 129
. . 410
... 392
393

AracesB 356
Archangelica ... ... 174
Arctium 210
Arenaria ... ... ... 80

Ajuga

Alchemilla ...
Alisma

... 278
... 129
... 340

Arenaria ... 78
Aristolochia 306

Aristolocliiacese ... 306

Alismacese
Alliaria

... 340
51

Armeria ... ... ... 287
Armoracia 57

Allium

Alniis

'.'.'. 347

qoo

Arnoseris ... ... ... 217
Arrhenatherum 396

Alopecurus...
Alsine
Althgea

... o«^

... 388
... 79
88

Artemisia ... . ,.. 204
Arum ... . ... 357
Asarum ... . ... 306

Alyssum

"1 55

Asparagacese . ... 343

Alyssum

55

Asparagus ... . ... 343

Amaranthacese ...
Amaranthus
Amaryllidaceae . . .
Ambrosiacese ...

... 290

... 290
... 339
... 227

Asperugo ... . ... 239
Asperula ... . ... 185
Aspidium ... . ... 419
Asplenium ... ... 421
Asplenium . . . ... 420

Amentiferee

... 314

Aster . . . ... 194

Ammi

... 167

Astragalus • • . ... 118

Ammopliila...

... 390

Athyrium . . . ... 420

Anacharis ...

... 327

Atriplex 295

Anagallis ...

... 285

Atriplex . . . ... 297

Anchusa

. . 241

Atropa ... . ... 246

Ancliusa

. . 242

Avena ... . ... 395

(Andromeda)
Anemone ...

. . 452
,. 23

Ballota ... . ... 277
Balsaminacese . ... 99

Angelica ...

.. 174

Barbarea ... • ... 45

Antennaria

. . 200

Bartsia ... • ... 259

Anthemis ...

. . 201

Bellis ... . ... 195

496

Page

Page

Berberidese

36

Catabrosa ...

... 403

Berberig

36

Caucalis

... 176

Berteroa

55

Gaucalis

... 176

Beta

294

Celastracese

... 102

Betula

321

Centaurea ...

~. 212

Bidens

209

Centranthus

... 189

Blackstonia

234

Centunculus

... 286

Blechnum

423

Cephalanthera

... 336

Blitum

290

Cerastium ...

... 83

Blysmus

370

Cerastium ...

... 85

Boraginacese ...

239

Ceratophyllacese

... 310

Borago

241

Ceratophyllum

... 310

Botrychium

424

Ceteraoh

... 423

Brachy podium

410

Chaerophyllum

... 178

Brassica

52

Chara

... 426

Brassica ... ...

53

. Gliaracese

... 426

Briza

403

Cheiranthus

... 43

Bromus

407

Chelidonium

... 40

Bromus
Brunella ...
Bryonia
Buffonia
nnnvfiLS

408
271
154

77
64.

Chenopodiaceae .
Chenopodium
Chlora
Chrysanthemum .

... 290
... 291
... 234
... 203

Bupleurum...
Butomus ...
Cakile

U^r

169
342
63

Chrysosplenium ..
(Cicendia) ...
Cichorium ..

... 162
... 453

... 217

Calamagrostis
Calamintha
Callitrichaceae ...

. 390
269
310

Ciouta
Circaea
Cistaceae ..

... 164
... 152
... 65

Callitriche ...
Calluna

310
230

Cladium
Claytonia ..

... 366

... 155

Caltha

33

Clematis ..

21

Calyciflorae

102

Cnicus
Cochlearia ..

... 215

... 56

Calystegia ...

238

CoclilcdTicL .. ..

... 57

Camelina ...

58

Colchicum

349

Campanula
Campanulaceae ...
Cannabinaceae ...

. 228
228
. 313

Comarum .. .
Compositae
Conifer ae...

... 131
... 193
... 324

Cannabis ...

313

Conium ... .

... 179

CaprifoliaceaB ...

182

Conopodium

... 168

Capsella

62

Convallaria

... 343

Cardamine ...

. 47

Convolvulaceaa .

... 238

Carduus

. 214

Convolvulus

... 238

Carex

. 371

Coriandrum

... 180

Carlina
Carpinus ...
Carum

210
. 323
187

Cornacese
Cornus

... 180

... 180

CcLTuin ... ..

• J-0 1

166

Corydalis ...

... 41

Caryophyllacese
Castanea

. 71

. 322

Corylus
Corynephorus
Cotyledon ...

... 323
... 393

... 159

497

Crambe

Page
... 63

Ericaceae

Crassulaceae

... 156

Erigeron

Crataegus ... «,
Crepis

... 146
... 225

Eriophorum
Erodium ...

Crithmum ...

... 174

Erophila ...

Crocus

... 338

Erucastrum

Cruciferae .,
Cryptogameae ..
CucurbitacesB ..

, ... 43
, ... 415
... 154

Ervum
Eryngium ...
Erysimum ...
Erythrasa ...

Cuscuta

... 238

Euonymus ...

Cyclamen ...

... 283

Eupatorium

Cynoglossum .

... 240

Euphorbia...

Cynosurus ...
Cyperaceae

••• 404

... 365

Euphorbiaceae

Euphrasia ... *

Cystopteris

... 420*

Fagopyrum

Cytisus

... 106

Fagus

Dactylis

... 404

Falcatula ...

Damasonium

... 341

Festuca

Daphne

... 305

Festuca

Datura

... 248

Filago

Daucus

... 176

Filices ... .

Delphinium

35

Freniculum

Deschampsia

... 393

Fragaria ...

Dianthus ...

... 71

Frankenia ...

Digitalis
Digitaria ...
Dioscoreaceae ..

... 252
... 384
... 326

Frankeniaceaa .
Fraxinus ...
Fritillaria ...

Diotis

... 204

Fumaria ... .

Diplotaxis
Dipsacese...

54
... 191

Fumariaceae
Gagea ...

Dipsacus ...

... 191

Galanthus ...

Doronicum...

... 206

Galeopsis ...

Draba

56

(Galinsoga)

Drosera

69

Galium ...

Droseraceaa

... 69

(Gastridium)

Echinochloa

... 385

Genista

Echinospermum .

... 240

Gentiana ...

Echium

... 242

Gentianaceae .

Eleagnaceae

... 304

Geraniaceae

Eleocharis ...

... 366

Geranium ...

Elodea

... 327

Geum ...

Elymus
Endymion ...

... 412

... 348

(Gladiolus)...
Glaucium ...

Epilobium ...

... 150

Glaux

Epipactis ...
Equisetaceaa
Equisetum
Eranthis
Erica

... 336
... 415
... 415
... 34
... 231

Glumiferaa
Glyceria
Glyceria ...

Gnaphalium .

498

Page

Graminese

... 384

Page

Gymnadenia -

... 330

Lapsana

. 217

Gymnospermae ...
Habenaria ...
Habenaria ...

... 324
... 331
••• 330

Lastrea
(Lathrsea) ...
Lathyrus ... ... '
L&Vcitcrti

. 417
. 454
. 122

OQ

Haloragaceaa

... 152

Leguminosas

oy
. 104

Hedera

... 180

IjGrnrjo

QK7

Hederaceae
Heleocharis
Helianthemum
Helleborus ...

... 180
... 366
... 65
34

Lemnaceae '
Lentibulariaceae
Leontodon ... ... ..

OO/

. 357
. 279

. 219

Helminthia
Heracleum ...

.'.' 222
175

Leo?itodon ...
Leonurus ...

. 219
. 274

Herminium

334

Lepidium ...

. 60

Herniaria ...

156

Lepigonum

. 85

Hesperis
Hieracium ...
Hippocrepis
Hippophae...

48
.. 226
.. 124
.. 304

Lepturus ... -
Leucojum ... ... „
Ligustrum ... ... . ..
Liliaceae...

. 413
. 340
. 232
. 344

Hippuris ...

.. 154

Lilium

. 345

Holcus

.. 393

Limnanthemum ... ..

. 237

Holosteum .. ...

80

Limosella „

. 256

Honkeneja ..

.. 78

Linaceae

. 100

Horde um ..

. 412

Linaria

. 253

Hottonia ..

.. 281

Linum ... ... „

. 100

Humulus ..

.. 313

Liparis

. 337

Hydroeharidaceae

.. 326

Listera „

. 335

Hydrocharis

.. 326

Lithospermum ... '• " ..

. 243

Hydrocotyle

.. 163

Littorella ...

. 289

Hyoscyamus

.. 247

Lolium

. 414

Hypericaceaa ...
Hypericum...
Hypochasris

.. 90

90
.. 218

Lomaria ... ... •«
Lonicera ... ... „
Loranthaceaa

. 423
. 183
. 181

Hypopitys ...

.. 232

Lotus ... ... «.

117

Iberia

60

Luzula ... ... . ,.

353

Ilex

232

Lychnis

76

Impatiens ...
Inula

... 99
... 196

(Lychnothamnus) ...
Lycium

469
248

IridaceaB

... 337

Lycopodiaceae

425

Iris ...

Lycopodium

425

Isatis

63

Lycopsis ... •

242

Jasione

.. 228

Lycopus ... ...

267

Juncaceaa

... 349

Lysimachia

283

Juncus

... 349

Lythraceas

149

Juniperus

... 324

Lythrum ...

149

Knautia

... 192

(Mahonia) ...

37

Koeleria ...

... 397

Malachium

83

Labiataa

... 264

Malaxis

336

Lactuca

... 222

Malva

87

Lamiura

... 272

Malvaceae

87

499

page

page

Marrubium...

... 277

Onopordum

.. 213

Marsileaceae

... 425

Ophioglossum

.. 425

Matricaria ...

... 202

Ophrys

.. 332

Medicago ...

... 107

Orchidaceae

.. 328

Melampyrum

... 256

Orchis

.. 328

Melanthaceae ...

... 349

Origanum ...

.. 268

Melica ...

... 397

Ornithogalum

.. 345

Melilotus ...

... 109

Ornithopus

.. 124

(Melissa)

... 456

OrobanchaceaB ..

.. 248

Mentha

... 264

Orobanche

.. 248

Menyanthes

... 237

Orobus

.. 124

Mercurialis

... 309

Osmunda ...

.. 424

(Mespilus) ...

... 446

Oxalidaceae

.. 99

Milium

... 390

Oxalis

.. 99

Moenchia ...

85

Panicum

.. 384

Molinia

... 398

Papaver

38

Monochlamydeae
Monocotyledones

... 290
... 325

Papaveraceas
Parietaria ...

.. 38
.. 312

Monotropa ..

... 232

Paris

.. 325

Montia

... 155

Parnassia ...

.. 163

Mulgedium..
Muscari

... 225

... 348

Paronychiaceae ..

Pastinaca ...

.. 156

.. 175

Myosotis ..

... 244

Pedicularis

... 258

Myosurus ...

... 25

Peplis

... 149

Myrica

... 321

Petasites ...

... 193

Myriophyllum

... 152

Petroselinum

... 166

Naiadaceae

... 365

Peucedanum

... 174

(Naias)

... 464

Peucedanum

.. 175

Narcissus ...

... 339

Phalaris

.. 386

Nardus

.. 389

Phleum,

.. 387

(Narthecium)

.. 462

Phragmites...

.. 390

Nasturtium

44

Picris

.. 221

Nasturtium...

.. 58

Picris

.. 222

Neottia

.. 335

Pilularia ...

.. 425

Nepeta

.. 272

- Pimpinella

.. 168

Nephrodium

.. 417

Pinguicula ...

.. 279

Nicandra ...

.. 247

Pin us

.. 325

NiteJla

.. 428

Plantaginaceaa ..

. .. 288

Nuphar

37

Plantago ...

.. 288

Nympbaea ...
NymphseaGeae ...

.. 37
.. 37

Plumbaginaceae..

. ... 287
... 399

Obione

... 297

Polemoniacese ..

. ... 237

Odontites ...
(En an the

(Enothera ... .
Oleacese
Onagracese
Onobrychis...
Ononis

... 259
... 170
... 152
... 232
... 150
... 125
... 106

Polemonium
Polygala ...
Polygalacese
Polygonaceae
Polygonatum
Polygonum...

... 237
... 70
. ... 70

. ... 298
... 344
... 301

500

Page

Page

Poly podium

... 417

Samolus ... 286

(Polypogon)

.. 466

Sanguisorba ... ... 128

Polystichum

.. 419

Sanicnla 163

Populus

.. 320

Santalacea9 306

Portulaceas

.. 155

Saponaria ... ... ... 72

Potamogeton

.. 359

Sarothamnus ... ... 106

Potamogetonacese
Potentilla

... 359
... 129

Saxifraga 161
Saxifragaceaa 161

Potentilla

... 131

Scabiosa .. ... .. 192

Poterium ...

... 128

Scabiosa .. .. .. 192

Poterium ...

... 128

Scandix .. .. .. 177

Primula

... 281

Schoenus 366

Primulaceae

... 281

Scilla .. .. .. 348

Prunella

... 271

Scirpus .. .. .. 367

Prunus

... 125

Scirpus .. .. ... 370

Pgamma

... 390

... Scleranthus .. .. 87

Pteris

... 424

Sclerochloa .. .. 401

Pulicaria

... 197

Scolopendrium . .. 422

Pulmonaria

... 243

Scrophularia . .. 255

Pyrola

... 232

Scrophulariacea9 .. 250

Pyrus

... 147

Scutellaria 271

Quercus

... 323

Sedum 157

Radiola
Ranunculaceas ...

... 101
... 21

(Selinum) ... 448
Sempervivum ... ... 159

Ranunculus

... 26

Senebiera 62

Raphanus ... ...

... 64

Senecio 206

Reseda

... 64

Serapias ... . «• 336

Resedaceae

... 64

Serrafalcus... . .. 408

Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus
Rhinanthus
Rhyncospora
Ribes
Ribesiaceae

... 103

... 103
... 258
... 366
... 160
... 160

Serratula ... . .. 211
(Seseli) 448,
Setaria ... . .. 385
Sherardia 184
Sieglingia ... .. •• 396
Silaus 173
Silene .. 73

(Roemeria)
Rosa

... 438
... 142

Silybum .. 216
Sinapis ... .. .. 53

Rosaceae

... 125

Sison 167

Rubiacese

... 184

Sisymbrium .. .. 49

Rubus

... 132

Sium 169

Rumex

.. 298

Smyrnium . 179

Ruppia .. ...

... 364

Solanaceae .. .. 246

Ruscus

... 344

Solanum .. 246

Sagina

... 77

Solidago 196

Sagittaria ..

... 341

Sonchus 223

Salicornia

... 294

Sparganium .. •• 355

Salix

... 314

Spartina .. 386-.

Salsola

... 291

Specularia 230

Salvia

... 267

Spergula .. 86

Sambucus ...

... 182

Spergularia •• •• 85

501

Page

Page

Spirsea

127

Trilliacese

. ... 325

Spiranthes ..

334

Triodia

... 396

Stachys

... 276

Trisetum ..

... 394

Statice

... 287

Triticum ..

... 410

Stellaria

81

Tulipa

... 344

Stellaria
Stratiotes .

83
327

Tussilago ..
Typha

... 194
... 354

Sturmia
Sugeda
Symphoricarpos
Symphytum
Tamariscaceae
Tamarix

337

... 290
... 184
... 242
... 150
... 150

Typhacese
Ulex
Ulmacese
Ulmus
Umbelliferae

... 354
... 104
... 313
... 313
. ... 163

Tamus

... 326

Urtica

... 312

Tan ace turn...

... 205

Urticacese

. ... 312

Taraxacum...

223

Utricularia

... 280

Taxus

324

Vaccinium ...

... 231

Teesdalia ...

... 59

Valeriana ...

... 189

Teucrium ...

278

ValerianaceaB ..

... 189

Thalamiflorae

21

Valerianella

... 190

Thalictrum...

22

Verbascum

.. 250

Thesium

306

Verbena

... 278

Thlaspi

58

Verbenacese

... 278

Thrincia

219

Veronica

... 259

ThymelaceaB

305

Viburnum ...

... 182

Thymus

.. 269

Vicia

... 119

Tilia

... 89

Vinca

... 233

TiliaceaB ...

89

Viola

... 66

Tillsea

156

Violacese

... 66

Tolypella ...

428

Viscum

... 181

Torilis

176

( Wahlenbergia) ..

... 452

Tragopogon

... 220

Xanthium

... 227

Trifolium ...

Ill

Zannichellia

... 364

Triglochin ...

342

Zostera

... 365

Trigonella ...

116

502

INDEX
TO THE POPULAE ENGLISH NAMES.

Page

Page

Abele

... 320

Bitter-sweet

... 246

Aconite

...34-36

Black Alder

... 103

Adder's-tongue ..

... 425

Black Bindweed

... 304

Agrimony

.- 129

Black -grass

... 389

Alder

... 322

Blackthorn

... 126

Alexanders

... 179

Bladder Campion

... 75

Alkanet

... 241

Bladder-fern ...

... 420

Allseed

... 101

Bladderwort

... 280

Anemone

... 23

Blinks

... 155

Angelica

... 174

Elite

... 290

Apple Tree

.. 147

Bluebell

... 348

Archangel

... 174

Bluebottle

... 212

Archangel, yellow

... 274

Bog-rush

... 366

Arrow-grass

... 342

Borage

... 241

Arrowhead

... 341

Brake

... 424

Asarabacca

... 306

Bramble

... 133

Ash

... 233

Brandy-bottle ...

... 37

Aspen

... 320

Briar

... 143

.Avens

... 141

Brome-grass

... 407

Balsam

... 99

Brooklinie

... 260

Barberry

.. 36

Brook-weed

... 286

Barley

... 412

Broom

105-106

Barren Strawberry

... 131

Broom -rape

... 248

Basil

... 270

Bryony, black ...

... 326

Bastard Pimpernel

... 286

Bryony, red

... 154

Bastard Toadflax

... 306

Buckbean

... 237

Beaksedge

... 366

Buckthorn

... 103

Bear's-foot

... 34

Buck-wheat

... 304

Bedstraw

... 185

Bugle

... 278

Beech

... 322

Bugloss

... 242

Beet

... 294

Bullace

... 126

Bell Flower

... 228

Bulrush

... 368

Bent

... 390

Burdock

... 210

Bent-grass

... 392

Bur Marigold ...

... 209

Betony

... 276

Burnet

... 128

Bindweed

... 238

Burnet Saxifrage

... 168

Birch

... 321

Burnet Rose

... 142

Bird Cherry

... 126

Bur-reed

... 355

Bird's-foot

... 124

Bur-weed

... 227

Bird's-foot Trefoil

... 117

Butcher's Broom

... 344

Bird's-nest

... 335

Butterbur ...

.. 193

Bird's-nest, yellow

... 232

Buttercup

...31-32

Birthwort

... 306

Butter wort

... 279

Bishop's-weed ...

... 167

Cabbage

... 52

Bitter Cress

...47-48

Calamint

... 269

503

Campion
Canary-grass ...
Candytuft
Caper Spurge ...
Caraway

Carline Thistle ...
Carrot ... ...

Catchfly

Catmint

Cat's-ear

Cat's-foot

Cat's-tail-grass ...

Celandine

Celery

Centaury

Chaff weed

Chamomile

Charlock

Cherry

Chervil

Chestnut

Chickweed

Chicory

Choke- grass

Cineraria

Cinquefoil

Clary

Cleavers

Clover

Club-moss

Club-rush

Cock's-foot-grass

Cock's-head

Colt's-foot

Columbine

Comfrey

Convolvulus

Cord-grass

Coriander

Corn Cockle

Corn Marigold ...

Corn Parsley ...

Corn -Rose

Corn Salad ..»»•

Corydalis

Cotton-grass ...

Cotton-weed

Couch-grass

Cowbane

Cow Parsnip

Cowslip ..•

Cow-wheat

Page

Page-

• 74

Crab-tree

. 147

. 386

Cranberry

. 231

. 60

Cranesbill

. 94

. 309

Cress

61

. 167

Crested Hair-grass

397

. 210

Crosswort

185-

. 176

Crow-foot

26-3S

78

Cuckoo-flower ...

. 47

. 272

Cuckoo-pint

357

. 218

Cudweed

198

. 200

Currant

160-

. 387

Daffodil

339

.30-40

Daisy

195

. 165

Dame's Violet ,.

48

. 235

Dandelion

223

. 286

Danewort

182

. 201

Darnel

414

. 53

Dead-nettle

273

. 126

Deadly Nightshade

246

. 178

Devil's-bit

192

. 322

Dewberry

140

. 81

Dittander

61

. 217

Dock

298

. 408

Dodder

238

. 208

Dog's-tail-grass

404

. 130

Dogwood

180

. 267

Dove's-foot

97

. 186

Drop wort

. 127

. Ill

Duckweed

. 357

. 426

Duke of Argyle's Tea-tre<

3 248

. 366

Dwale

. 246

. 404

Dyer's-weed

. 105

. 125

Elder

. 182

. 194

Elecampane

. 196

35

Elm

. 313

. 242

Enchanter's Nightshade ..

152

. 238

Erucastium

. 54

. 386

Eryngo ...

164

. 180

Evening Primrose

152

. 76

Everlasting

200

. 203

Eyebright

258

. 166

Fat-hen

292

. 39

Felwort

235

. 190

Fennel

173

41

Fenugreek ...

116

. 370

Fern, Bladder ...

420

. 204

Fern, Crested ...

418

. 411

Fern, Flowering

424

. 164

Fern, Hay-scented

419

. 175

Fern, Lady

420

. 282

Fern, Lloyd's ...

. 418

. 256

Fern, Male

417

504

Page Page

Fern, Marsh ... ... 417 Groundsel ... ... 206

Fern, Mountain... ... 417 Guelder Eose ... ... 182

Fern, Prickly ... ... 419 Hair-grass ... ... 393

Fern, Koth's ... ... 419 Hard Fern ... ... 423

Fern, Willdenow's ... 420 Hard-grass ... ... 413

Fern, Withering's ... 418 Harebell ... ... 229

Fescue-grass ... ... 404 Hare's-ear ... ... 169

Feverfew ... ... 202 Hare's-foot Trefoil ... 112

Figwort ... ... 255 Hart's-tongue ... ... 422

Field Madder .. ... 184 Hawkbit ... ... 220

Finger-grass .. ... 384 Hawk's-beard ... ... 225

Flag .. ... 337 Hawkweed ... ... 226

Flax .. ... 100 Hawthorn ... ... 146

Flax-seed .. ... 101 Hazel ... ... 323

Fleabane .. ... 194 Heartsease ... ... 68

Flixweed .. ... 60 Heath ... ... 231

Flote-gtass .. ... 401 Heath-grass ... ... 396

Flowering Rush ... 342 Hedge Mustard... .. 49

Fluellin ... ... 254 Hedge Parsley ... ... 176

Fool's Parsley ... ... 172 Hellebore ... ... 34

Forget-rue-not ... ... 244 Helleborine ... ... 336

Foxglove ... ... 252 Hemlock ... ... 179

Foxtail-grass ... ... 388 Hemp ... ... 313

Fritillary ... ... 345 Hemp Agrimony ... 193

Frogbit ... ... 326 Hemp Nettle ... ... 275

Fumitory ... ... 42 Henbane ... ... 247

Furze.. ... ... 104 Henbit ... ... 272

Gale ... ... 321 I Hen's-foot ... ... 176

Garlic ... ... 347 Herb Paris ... ... 325

Gean ... ... 126 Herb Robert ... ... 98

Gentian -. ... 235 Hightaper ... ... 250

Germander ... ... 278 Hog's Fennel ... ... 174

Gipsywort .., ... 267 Hogsweed ... ... 175

Gladwin ... ... 337 Holly ... ... 232

Glasswort ... ... 294 Honeysuckle ... ... 183

Goafs-beard ... ... 220 Hop ... ... 313

Gold of Pleasure ... 58 Horehound ... ... 277

-Golden Rod ... ... 196 Horehound, black ... 277

Golden Samphire ... 187 Hornbeam ... ... 323

Golden Saxifrage ... 162 Horned Pondweed ... 364

Goldilocks ... ... 31 Horned Poppy ... ... 40

Good King Henry ... 294 Hornwort ... ... 310

Gooseberry ... ... 160 Horsebane ... ... 172

Ooosefoot ... ... 291 Horsemint ... ... 264

Goose-grass ... ... 186 Horse Radish ... ... 57

Gorse ... ... 104 Horseshoe Vetch ... 124

Gout-weed ... ... 167 Horsetail ... ..- 415

Grape Hyacinth ... 348 Hound's-tongue ... 240

Grass of Parnassus ... 163 Houseleek ' ... ... 159

Greenweed ... ... 105 Ivy ... ... 180

Gromwell ... ... 243 Jack-by-the-Hedge ... 51

Ground Ivy 272 Jacob's Ladder 237

505

Page

Juniper

... 324

Mignonette

Kidney Vetch] ...

... 117

Milfoil

Knapweed ' ...

... 212

Milk Parsley ...

Knapwell

... 87

Milk Thistle ...

Knot-grass

... 303

Milk Vetch

Lady's Fingers ...

... 117

Milk wort

Lady's Mantle ...

... 129

Millet-grass

Lady's Smock ...

... 47

Mint

Lady's Tresses ...

... 334

Mistletoe

Lamb's Lettuce...

... 190

Moneywort

Lamb's Tongue...

... 289

Monkshood

Larkspur

35

Moon wort

Lentil

... 119

Moschatel

Leopard 's-bane...

... 206

Mot her wort

Lesser Celandine

... 30

Mountain Ash ..

Lettuce

... 222

Mouse-ear

Lily

... 345

Mousetail

Lily-of-the-Valley

... 343

Mud wort

Lime-tree

... 89

Mugwort

Ling

... 230

Mullein

Liquorice

... 118

Mustard

Livelong

... 157

Navel wort

London Rocket...

... 49

Navew

Loosestrife

149 283

Needle Whin ..

Loosestrife, purple

... 149

Nettle

Lop-grass

... 409

Nightshade

Lords and Ladies

... 357

Nipplewort

Louse wort

... 258

Nonsuch

Lucerne

... 107

Oak

Lungwort

... 243

Oat

Lyme-grass

... 412

Oat-grass

Mad wort

55 239

Old Man's Beard

Mallow

... 87

Orache

Maple

... 93

Orchis

Mare's-tail

... 154

Orpine

Marjoram

... 268

Osier

Marram

... 390

Ox-eye

Marsh Cinquefoil

... 131

Oxlip

Marsh Mallow ...

... 88

Oxtongue

Marsh Marigold

... 33

Paigle

Matfellon

... 212

Panic-grass

Mat-grass

... 389

Pansy

May-weed

... 203

Parsley

Meadow-grass ...

... 399

Parsley Piert

Meadow Hue ...

... 22

Parsnip

Meadow Saffron

... 349

Pasque-flower

Meadow-sweet ...

... 127

Pear-tree

iVi edick

... 107

Pearl wort

Melic-grass

... 397

Pellitory

Melilot

... 109

Penny Cress

Mercury

... 309

Penny-royal

Mezereon

... 305

Pennywort

Page

64

201

174

216

118

70

390*

264

181

284

36

424

182

274

148-

83

25

256-

205

250

53

159
52
105
312
246-
217
108
32a
395
394
21
295
328
157
315
203
282
222
282
385
68
166

m

175
23

147
77

312
58

267

163

506

Page

Page

Peppermint

... 265

Sallow

... 318

Pepper Saxifrage

... 173

Salsify

... 221

Peppcrwort

... 60

Saltwort

... 291

Periwinkle

... 283

Samphire

... 174

Pheasant's-eye ...

25

Sand Mustard ...

... 55

Pig-nut

... 168

Sand Spurry

... 85

Pilewort

... 30

Sand wort

... 79

Pillwort

... 425

Sanicle

... 163

Pimpernel

... 285

Sauce-alone

... 51

Pine

... 325

Saw-wort

... 211

Pink

... 71

Saxifrage

... 161

Plantain

... 288

Scabious

... 192

Ploughman's Spikenard

... 196

Scorpion -grass ...

... 244

Plum

... 125

Scurvy-grass

... 56

Polypody

... 417

Sea Blite

... 291

Pondweed

... 359

Sea Buckthorn ...

... 304

Poplar

... 320

Sea Heath

... 70

Poppy

...38-40

Sea Holly

... 164

Prick wood

... 102

Sea Kale

... 63

Primrose

... 281

Sea Lavender ...

... 287

Privet

... 232

Sea Milk wort ...

... 285

Purslane, Sea ...

... 78

Sea Pea

... 123

Purslane, Water

... 149

Sea Pink

... 287

•Quaking-grass ...

... 403

Sea Purslane

78 297

Quinseywort

... 185

Sea Radish

... 64

Radish

... 64

Sea Rocket

... 63

Ragged Robin ...

... 76

Seaside Madwort

... 56

Bag wort

... 207

Sea Wrack

... 365

Rampion

... 230

Sedge

... 366

Ramsons

... 348

Self-heal

... 271

Rape

... 53

Service Tree

... 149

Raspberry

... 132

Setterwort

... 34

Red Rattle

... 258

Sheep's Scabious

... 228

Reed

... 390

Shepherd's Needle

177

Reed-grass

... 386

Shepherd's Purse

... 62

Reedmace

... 354

Shepherd's Rod...

... 191

Rest-harrow

... 106

Shore weed

... 289

Ribwort

... 288

Silverweed

... 129

Roast-beef Plant

... 337

Skullcap

... 271

Rock Cress

... 46

Sloe

126

Rock-rose

... 65

Smallage

... 165

Rocket

... 48

Small-reed

... 390

Rose

... 142

Snake's-head ...

... 345

Rose of Sharon ...

... 90

Snakeweed

... 301

Rosebay

... 150

Snapdragon

... 253

Rowan Tree

... 148

Sneezewort

200

Rupturewort

... 156

Snowberry

... 184

Rush '... ^

... 349

Snowdrop

... 340

Rustyback

... 423

Snowflake

... 340

Rye-grass

... 414

Soap wort

72

Sage

... 267

Soft-grass

... 393

Sainfoin

... 125

Solomon's Seal...

... 344

507

Page

Page

Sop -grass

... 409

Turnip

... 52

Sorrel

99 301

Tutsan

... 90

Southernwood ...

... 205

T way blade

... 335

Sowbane

... 293

Twig-rush

... 366

Sowbread

... 283

Valerian

... 189

Sow Thistle

... 223

Venus's Comb ...

... 177

Spearmint

... 264

Venus Looking-glass

... 230

Spearwort

... 30

Vernal -grass

... 386

Speedwell

... 259

Vervain

... 278

Spindle-tree

... 102

Vetch

... 120

Spleen wort

... 421

Vetchling

... 122

Spurge

.. 307

Violet

... 66

Spurge Laurel ...

... 305

Viper's Bugloss...

... 242

Spurry

...78 86

Virgin's Bower ...

... 21

St. John's-wort...

... 91

Wake Robin

... 357

Star of Bethlehem

... 345

Wallflower

... 43

Star Thistle

... 212

Wall Mustard ...

... 54

Starwort

... 194

Wall Pepper ...

... 158

Stitch wort

... 81

Wall Rue

... 422

Stone Parsley ...

... 167

Wart Cress

... 62

Stonewort

... 167

Water Cress

... 44

Stonecrop

... 158

Water Crowfoot

...26-29

Storksbill

... 98

Water Drop wort

... 170

Strawberry

... 132

Water Fennel ...

... 26

Succory

... 217

Water Hemlock

... 164

Sulphurwort

... 173

Water Lily

... 37

Sundew

... 69

Water Milfoil ...

... 152

Sweet Sedge

... 356

Water Parsnip ...

... 169

Swine's Cress ...

62

Water Pepper ...

... 303

Swine's Succory

... 217

Water Plantain

... 340

Sycamore

... 94

Water Radish ...

... 44

Tamarisk

... 150

Water Rocket ...

... 44

Tansy

... 205

Water Soldier ...

... 327

Tare

... 119

Water Starwort...

... 310

Tassel Pondweed

... 364

Water Thyme ...

... 327

Teasel

191

Water Violet ...

... 281

Thale Cress

... 50

Waybread

... 289

Thistle

, 213

Wayfaring-tree . . .

... 183

Thorn-apple

... 248

Weld

... 65

Thorough-wax ...

... 170

Wheat-grass

... 410

Thrift

... 287

Whin

... 104

Throatwort

... 228

White Beam -tree

... 148

Thrumwort

... 341

White Bottle ...

... 74

Thyme

... 269

Whiterot

... 163

Timothy-grass ...

... 388

White-Thorn ...

... 146

Toad-flax

... 253

White Vine

21

Tormentil

... 131

Whitlow-grass ...

... 56

Traveller's Joy ...

... 21

Whorl-grass

... 403

Treacle Mustard

... 51

Willow

... 314

Tree Mallow ...

... 89

Willow-herb ...

... 150

Trefoil

... 115

Wind-flower

... 24

Tulip

... 344

Wind-grass

... 391

508

Winter Aconite
Winter Cress
Wintergreen
Woad
Woodbine
Woodruff
Wood Rush
Wood Sage
Wood Sorrel
Wormseed

rage
34

Wormwood

45

Woundwort

232

Xanthium

63

Yarrow

184

Yellow Cress

185

Yellow Rattle

353

Yellowwort

278

Yew

99

Yorkshire Fog

. 52

Page
204
276
227
200
58
258
234
324
393

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