her toy eae RI etapa PE A 1 As already explained, the large and constantly increasing mass of material having exceeded the space allotted to it, made it necessary to divide Volume IV of the “ Flora of Tropical Africa” into two sections, which, however, are themselves of equivalent bulk to volumes and might have been numbered as such had not the plan on which it has been found advisable to prepare the work made this impracticable. For the amended definition of the regions into which the area of the flora is divided, reference may be made to the preface to the seventh volume. In the prefaces to the first, the preceding section of this and succeeding volumes, will be found an enumeration of the materials employed up to 1868, and of the most important additions to them which have reached Kew since. The further collections cited in the present volume are: I. Upper Guinea.—Sir H. H. Johnston, G.C.M.G., K.C.B., and H. Reynolds, Liberia; E, W. Foster and N. L. Phillips, Lagos; W. R. Elliott, Northern Nigeria; Capt. G. B. Gosling, Norman C. McLeod and H. N. Thompson, Southern Nigeria. Jil. Nine Lanp.—Lieut.-Col. A. F. Appleton, Dr. R. E. Drake- Brockman and Major D. Thomson, Somaliland; H. Brown, Bahr-el- Ghazal; Dr, A. G. Bagshawe, E. Brown and M. T. Dawe, Uganda ; Sir Evan James, K.C.I.E., C.S.I., Uganda and British East Africa; C. F. Elliott, A. P. Grenfell, Claude Hollis and Andrew Linton, British East Africa. IV. Lower Guinea.—Prof. H. H. W. Pearson, Damaraland. V. Sout Crenrrat.—H. N. Ridley, plants collected by Major F. Chaves in the Congo State. VI. Mozamprque.—J. F. Cunningham and Miss E. Kenyon, vi PREFACE. Nyasaland; E. C. F. Allen, T. Gardner, Lord Kesteven and F. W. Sykes, Rhodesia. Once more I must record my acknowledgments of the aid given me by Assistants in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens; to Mr. C. H. Wright, A.L.S., in preparing the manuscript for the press and in checking the proofs; and to Mr. N. EK. Brown, A.L.S., for working out the geographical distribution. For the detailed topography the third edition of the “ Spezial- karte von Afrika,” Gotha: Justus Perthes, 1893, has been chiefly used. W. T. T.-D. Kew, March 31, 1906. CONTENTS -_— > + CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS Order LXXXVIII. LXXXIX. XC. XCI, XCII. XCIII. XCIV. XCV. XCVI. XCVII. Hydrophyllacex Boragine Convolvulacece Solanaceze Scrophulariacez Orobanchaces Lentibulariece Gesneracee Bignoniacee . Pedalinese Addenda b CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS CONTAINED IN THE FOURTH VOLUME.—SECTION 2. Cohort VIII.—Polemoniales. Corolla regular. Stamens usually as inany as the corolla-lobes and alternate with them. Leaves alternate. LXXXVIII. Hypropuyiiace®. Corolla-lobes imbricate, rarely contorted. Ovules 2-a@. Capsule loculicidal. Endosperm copious, fleshy. Herbs or under- shrubs. LXXXIX. BorRAGINERX. Corolla-lobes imbricate, rarely contorted. Ovules 1-2 in each cell. Fruit of two or four 1-2-seeded nutlets or pyrenes. Endosperm scanty or none. Herbs, shrubs or trees. XC. CONVOLVULACE®. Corolla-lobes induplicate-valvate, or limb more or less plicate. Ovules 1-2 in each cell. Fruit usually capsular, more rarely indehiscent and fleshy cr woody. Endosperm copious, cartilaginous ; embryo straight. Herbs, unlershrubs or shrubs, often climbing ; leafless parasites in Cuscuta, XCI. Sonanace®. Corolla-lobes induplicate-valvate or imbricate, or limb plicate. Ovules numerous. Fruit baccate or capsular. Endosperm fleshy ; embryo more or less curved. Cohort IX.—Personales. Corolla more or less irregular or oblique Stamens 5-2: when 5 the posticous smaller than the others or infertile. Ovary superior, of 2 carpels. Ovules sometimes 2 to each carpel, usually more, often numerous, if 2 superposed, or in a few genera collateral. Fruit usually a capsule. XCII. ScropHULARIACE®. Herbs or small shrubs. Leaves alternate, opposite or verticillate, simple. Inflorescence various. Ovary perfectly 2-celled ; ovules many on axile placentas. XCIII. OrnopancHuace®. Leafless parasitic herbs. Spikes or racemes terminal, few- or many-flowered. Ovary 1-celled; placentas 4, parietal, distinct or fused in pairs. x CONSPECTUS OF THE ORDERS. XCIV. LenvisutariE®, Small aquatic or marsh herbs, furnished with small bladders. Leaves entire or divided into narrow segments. Racemes terminal or axillary, simple or branched, Ovary 1-celled ; placenta’ globose or ovoid, free central. XCY. GrsNERACE®. Herbs or very small shrubs. Leaves opposite or sub- radical (alternate in Linn@opsis), undivided. Cymes axillary or subradical. Ovary 1-celled (at least in the upper part) ; placentas 2, parietal, much intruded. XCVI. BriagNoNnIACER. ‘Trees or shrubs, frequently twiners or climbers. Leaves. opposite, rarely wkorled or alternate, usually compound. Ovary 2-celled, more rarely 1-celled with 2 parietal placentas; ovules numerous, XCVIJ. PrpaLine®. Herbs, rarely shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite or the upper alternate, simple. Ovary 2—4-(rarely 1-)celled; ovules solitary, or many superposed. Vol. 1V.—Sect. 2—Part I. Price 8s. net. FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. EDITED BY SIR Wii.u.AM T. THISELTON-DYER, K.C.M.G., C.LE., LL:D., Sc.D., F.B.S., HONORARY STUDENT OF CHRIST CHURCH, OXFORD; 02° oR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW. PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE COLONIES. LONDON: LOVELL REEVE & CO., Limitsp, Publishers to the Home, Colontal and Lndian Gobernments 6 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1905. FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. rae -/ Oxver LXXXVIII. HYDROPHYLLACEA. (By J. G. Baker, ‘ Pala” ; with additions by N. HE. Brown.) teers a ; my Flowers hermaphrodite, regular. Calyx inferior, deeply divided or - eut to the base; lobes usually 5, rarely 8-12, imbricate or open in xstivation. Corolla gamopetalous, various in shape; lobes usually 5, rarely 8-12,°)) ieate. Stamens as many as the _ corolla-lobes, - inserted at the sinuses or low down in the corolla-tube; filaments - filiform or dilated at the base; anthers 2-celled, dehiscing longi- ie, tudinally. Hypogynous disk 0 or inconspicuous. Ovary superior I-celled with 2 parietal placentas or 2-celled; ovules 2 or more _ to each placenta; style filiform, usually bifid; stigmas capitate. Fruit usually a loculicidally 2-valved capsule. Seeds oblong, globose or angled; testa usually tubercled, reticulate or rugose; albumen copious, fleshy; embryo small.Annual or perennial herbs, rarely undershrubs, Stem-leaves usually alternate. Flowers in scorpioid or trichotomous cymes, or racemes or clusters. Species about 150, mostly American. Calyx-lobes, corolla-lobes and stamens 8-12 x . 1. Copon. Calyx-lobes, corolla-lobes and stamens 5 . c . 2. HyDROLEA. 1. CODON, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 830. Calyx 8-12-lobed almost to the base; lobes linear, open in estivation. Corolla-tube campanulate, plaited ; lobes 8-12, oblong. Stamens 8-12, - inserted at the base of the corolla-tube and connected with it by thin -or much compressed partitions at the base of the filiform filaments ; anthers oblong. Ovary ovoid, 2-celled ; style filiform, bifid to about halfway down; stigmas simple, small; ovules numerous. Capsule. 2—valved, enveloped in the persistent calyx. Seeds numerous, angular, covered with large flattened bladdery cells.—Coarse, erect herbs ; stems, leaves and calyx covered with spreading spines. Leaves alternate, VOL, IV.—SEC. 2 B —_ vr ad 2 LXXXVIII. HYDROPHYLLACEE (BAKER AND BROWN). [| Codon. petioled, sinuate. Flowers in terminal scorpioid cymes with leafy bracts.—Choisy in Ann. Sc. Nat. sér. 2, i. 181. ‘Lhe only two species, both of which extend into South Africa. Corolla 13-14 lin. long, white, oe with ts - IL. C. Royeni. Corolla 7 lin. long, yellow . - : . 2. C. Schenckit. 1. ©. Royeni, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, ii. 292. . H. graminifolia, 4. W. Benn. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xi. 277, t. 1, fig. 12, Perennial (Larter). Stems creeping and rooting at the pase, then erect, 2—4 ft. high, 2-34 lin. thick, straight, simple, branched only at the inflorescence, hollow, glabrous. Leaves 2-31 in. long, 1-24 in. broad, linear, acute, narrowed at the base, glabrous, erect, those at the base of the flowering branches gradually smaller and reflexed. Panicle 3-8 in. long, oblong or corymbose, rather compact; branches ascending 4-4 in. long, naked below, ending in dense many-flowered cymes, glabrous or most minutely puberulous on the pedicels and calyx. Pedicels 1-4 lin. long. Sepals 14-2 lin. long, lanceolate or narrowly ovate-lanceolate, acute. Corolla intense blue; lobes 3-4 lin. long, 14-2 lin. broad, elliptic or elliptic-ovate, rounded at the apex. Staminal- filameats 2 lin. long, filiform, with a deltoid-ovate or broadly rhomboid dilated base ; anthers 14-1} lin. long. Hypogynous disk rather in- conspicuous, scarcely } lin. in diam. Styles 3 lin. long. Capsule globose or ellipsoid, 14—2 lin. long. Upper Guinea. French Guinea: Sulimania; Erimakuna, in wet mud, Scoté- Elliot, 5235! Northern Nigeria: Nupe; swamp near Jeba, Barter, 888 ! OrpER LXXXIX. BORAGINEA. (By J. G. Baker, with additions by C. H. Wright.) Flowers hermaphrodite, usually regular. Calyx inferior; tube campanulate, often very short ; lobes usually 5. Corolla gamopetalous ; tube campanulate, funnel-shaped or cylindrical ; often furnished at the throat with gibbosities or small scales; lobes usually 5, imbricate. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes, inserted in or at the throat of the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform ; anthers dehiscing longitudinally, various in shape. Disk annular or obsolete. Ovary superior of two cells with two ovules in each or four lobes with one ovule in each ; style inserted at the apex of the ovary, or between the lobes, simple or once or twice forked; ovules erect or nearly horizontal. Fruit indehiscent or breaking up into four nutlets. Seeds erect, oblique or 6 LXXXIX. BORAGINEH (BAKER AND WRIGHT). | Cordia. subhorizontal ; hilum small; testa membranous; albumen present or absent ; embryo straight or curved; cotyledons usually entire, rarely bifid or plicate——Herbs, shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, exsti- pulate. Inflorescence normally a dichotomous cyme; branches frequently scorpioid. Flowers various in colour, usually blue or white. Calyx often more or less accrescent. Species 1200, cosmopolitan in temperate and tropical regions. * Style terminal on the ovary. Stigma terminal on the style. Style twice forked . : c : é - 1. Corpta. Style once forked. Stamens inserted at or near the throat of the corolla-tube : é , : . 2. EHRETIA, Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube 8. RHABDTA. Styles two, distinct . . 9 6 é . 4, COLDENTA. Style simple : 0 ; 6 5. Poskna. Style with a stigmatose ring below the apex. Fruit usually drupaceous Fruit of 4 dry nutlets : . c : ** Style inserted between the four lobes of the ovary. Calyx large, very accrescent . ; : 5 . 8. TRICHODESMA. Calyx but little accrescent. + Flowers regular. Nutlets depressed orbicular ¢ : . 9. CYNOGLOSSUM. Nutlets ovoid, triquetrous on the inner face. Throat of the corolla appendiculate with 6. TOURNEFORTIA. 7. HELIOTROPIUM. scales . : : : : : . 10 ANCHUSA. Throat of the corolla without scales Style bifid. . : : ¢ . . 11. ARNEBIA. Style simple. Filaments as long as the anthers . 12, SERICOSTOMA. Filaments very short. Corolla-lobes contorted . , . 13. Myosoris. Corolla-lobes imbricate ‘ . 14, LITHOSPERMUM. +1 Flowers more or less irregular. Corolla-limb nearly regular : : . 15. LoBosTemon. Corolla-limb distinctly irregular. Stamens short . . : : . 16. ECHINOCHILON. Stamens long : : : ¢ . 17. Ecuium. 1. CORDIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 838. Flowers often polygamous. Calyx-tube funnel-shaped or tubular, smooth or sulcate ; lobes 2—5, short, sometimes cohering. Corolla-tube cylindrical or funnel-shaped; lobes 4-5, patent or recurved, usually imbricate or subcontorted. Stamens usually 4—5, inserted in the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform ; anthers ovate-oblong or linear. Ovary 4-celled; style elongated, filiform, twice forked ; stigmas 4, linear or capitate; ovule erect, attached at the base or below the middle. Fruit a drupe surrounded by the persistent accrescent calyx; endocarp usually bony; cells 4 or by abortion fewer, 1-seeded. Seeds ascending, exalbuminous ; cotyledons very plicate ; radicle short.—Trees or shrubs. Leaves alternate, rarely subopposite, petioled, entire or crenate-dentate. Cordia. | LXXXIX. BORAGINEZ (BAKER AND WRIGHT). 7 Flowers arranged in all the African species in panicled cymes with scorpioid branches. Corolla white or yellow, varying greatly in size. Species about 200, tropical or subtropical, concentrated in America. CO. Sebestena, Linn. (C. speciosa, Willd), with large bright red flowers, is planted at Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot, 5910! It is a native of ‘the West Indies. Corolla 9 lin. or more in diam. Calyx strongly sulcate. Corolla-lobes very short and broad. Leaves rounded at the base. Hairs on lower surface of the leavesnot matted 1. C. abyssinica. Hairs on lower surface of the leaves densely matted 2. C. Holstit. Leaves acute at the base. Leaves drab pubescent beneath 1. C. abyssinica, var. Leaves reddish pilose beneath 3. C. harara, Corolla-lobes much longer than broad. Filaments glabrous; corolla-lobes obtuse 4, C, stenoloba. Filaments hairy ; corolla-lobes mucronate. Leaves scabrid above 5. C. Dewevret. Leaves not scabrid above. Branchlets velvety pubescent 6. C. aurantiaca. Branchlets glabrous . 7. OC. Dusenit. Calyx slightly sulcate 8. C, Fischert. Calyx not sulcate. Leaves glabrous ; calyx ampulliform in fruit 9. C. subcordata. Leaves pubescent beneath; calyx campanulate in fruit . é ; : . 10. C. chrysocarpa. Corolla less than 9 lin. in diam ** Leaves alternate. + Panicles divaricately branched; branches stout, pubescent. Corolla-tube cylindrical. Corolla-lobes ovate-oblong, 4 lin. long 11. C. Millent. Corolla-lobes oblong, 2 lin. long 12. C. longipes, Corolla-tube funnel-shaped. Leaves not scabrid above; calyx woolly pubes- cent outside. Inflorescence terminal. Leaves acuminate . 18. C. platythyrsa. Leaves obtuse 14. C. Irvingit. Inflorescence axillary 15. C. liebrechtsiana, Leaves scabrid above; calyx atin straight adpressed hairs outside. Leaves orbicular 16. C. Johnsont. Leaves obovate +t Panicles lax, but not cieamrentely, branonede branches slender, glabrous or nearly so. Leaves obtuse. . O. Warnecket. Corolla 4-lobed 18. C. Gotzet. Corolla 5-lobed . 19. C. Myxa. Leaves acuminate, oblong. Style-arms very short . 20. C. Heudelotii. Style-arms long, linear : . 81. C. Zedambe. Leaves acuminate, ovate or elliptic . 22. C. senegalensis. Leaves acuminate, ovate-lanceolate . 23. C. Mannit. 8 LXXXIX. BORAGINEA (BAKER AND WRIGHT). | Cordia. +++ Panicles not lax in flower. Calyx pubescent outside. Filaments glabrous . 4 5 . 24. C. ovalis. Filaments hairy. Calyx cup-shaped . : : . 26. C. Stuhlmannin. Calyx funnel-shaped _. 9 . 26. C, dioica. Calyx tubular-campanulate 27. CO. crenata. Calyx tubular, constricted at the mouth : 9 : : . 28. C. gquineensis. Calyx tomentose outside . . . 29. C. quarensis. Calyx pilose outside. Leaves ovate or suborbicular. . 80. C. pilosissima. Leaves oblanceolate-oblong : . 31. C. somatiensis. ** Leaves opposite or subopposite , : , . 82. C. Rothii, 1. C. abyssinica, 2. Br. in Salt, Abyss. Append. 64.—A medium- sized tree; young branchlets clothed with drab tomentum. Leaves ovate or suborbicular, up to 7 by 5in., more or less rounded at the base, subcoriaceous, scurfy above when young, not very rough, pubescent beneath ; lateral nerves about 7 pairs; petiole up to 2 in. long. Cymes scorpioid, collected into an ample terminal panicle; branches and calyx drab-tomentose. Calyx deeply 10-sulcate, tubular-campanulate, 3 lin. long; teeth broadly deltoid, cohering in bud. Corolla funnel-shaped, 9 lin. in diam., 3 times as long as the calyx; lobes short, rounded, undulate at the margins. Stamens much shorter than the corolla; filaments hirsute at the base. Style slightly longer than the stamens. Fruit ovoid, 6 lin, in diam., smooth.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 11. 80; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 117; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop Afr. 351. Varronia abyssinica, DC. Prodr. ix. 469. Calyptraria africana, Lam. ex DC. l.c. Wile Land. Eritrea: near Acrur, 6200 ft, Schweinfurth & Riva, 1125! Abyssinia: near Adowa, Schimper, 285! 1935! north Tigre, Steudner, 858! Amna Sea, Schimper! Makhfoot, Roth, 428! and without precise locality, Quartin Dillon & Petit, 195! Schimper, 848! Galabat: by the River Gendua, Schweinfurth, 1499! Sennar: Fazokl, Kotschy, 466! Kordofan: Bara village, Kotschy, 306! Bine Nile near Abu Shendy, Muriel, L, 80! Uganda: Ruwenzori; Wimi Valley, 6000-7000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7841 ! Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Blantyre, Buchanan, 89! Namasi, Cameron, 7! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 357! 1146! Var. 8 acutifolia, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 80. Leaves elliptic, acute at the base or at both ends.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 714. Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; on the banks of the River Quia- poze, Welwitsch, 5433 ! Also in Arabia. . C. Holstii, Giirke in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 335, t. 41.—A tree 20 a high, with the habit of Z¢dia; but with a rounder crown; young branchlets pubescent. Leaves suborbicular or broadly ovate, broadly rounded or subcordate at the base, entire, subcoriaceous, 3—5 in. long, yellow scurfy on the upper surface when young, soon glabrous, densely yellow tomentose beneath ; petiole 1-1} in. long. Cymes 3-5-flowered, in lax terminal panicles; branchlets and calyx densely tomentose. Cordia. | LXXXIX, BORAGINEE (BAKER AND WRIGHT). 9 Calyx campanulate-turbinate, shallowly 10-sulcate, 3 lin. long; teeth 4_5, short, broadly deltoid. Corolla white, 9 lin. long, shallowly and roundly lobed. Stamens much shorter than the corolla; anther-cells divaricate at the base; filaments hirsute at the base.. Style exserted ; arms flat.—Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 306. Nile Land. Uganda: Lendu Plateau, west of the Albert Nyanza, Stuhlmann, 2735. British Hast Africa: Galunka, Kassner, 778! Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 4900 ft., Vol- kens, 249! Usambara: Kisara, in forest, Holst, 2347! Kwa Mshuza, Holst, 9068 ! This much resembles some of the Nyasaland specimens of C. abyssinica, R. By. 3. ©. harara, Beck in Paulitschke, Harar, 457. A tree; branch- lets tomentose. Leaves ovate, 4—5 in. long, half as broad, very shortly and unequally narrowed to the base, acuminate, obscurely and distantly serrate; entire near the apex, glabrous above, pilose with reddish hairs beneath ; lateral nerves 5-6 pairs; petiole 2 in. long, minutely tomen- tose, pilose towards the apex. Cymes lax, repeatedly dichotomous. Calyx-tube campanulate, tomentose, 10-sulcate, 4 lin. long, acuminate in bud, unequally and shortly toothed. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, 1 in. long, probably white; limb obscurely lobed; lobes very broad, glabrous. Nile Land. Somaliland: Mount Haqim, near MHarar, Hardegger & Paulitschke. 4. C. stenoloba, Giirke in Notizbl. Konigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, i. 60. A shrub; branchlets clothed with fulvous tomentum. Leaves shortly petioled, oblong or obovate-oblong, the lower 7-8 in. long by half as broad, rounded at the base, long acuminate at the apex, irregularly dentate upwards, coriaceous, glabrous above, hairy on the nerves beneath. Panicle lax; pedicels short. Calyx 6-8 lin. long; tube cylindrical, pilose, 10-sulcate ; teeth 3—5, lanceolate-deltoid, acuminate, rigid, 1$—2 lin. long. Corolla 1 in. long, nearly twice as long as the calyx; tube narrow; lobes lanceolate, obtuse. Stamens shorter than the corolla, glabrous. Fruit ovoid, conical, glabrous, 1 in. long, 5 lin. in diam. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 502, 505, 510, 594! 5. C. Dewevrei, De Wild. d Durand in Comptes-rendus Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxviii. 37. A shrub 63-8 ft. high; branchlets pilose. Leaves alternate or subopposite, elliptic, acute or abruptly acuminate, acute or almost cordate at the base, 25-6 in. long, 2-2? in. wide, entire or irregularly dentate; upper surface shining, scabrid, sparingly pilose, very hairy on the nerves ; lower surface pilose ; primary nerves impressed above, prominent beneath; petiole 2}—5 lin. long. Cymes terminal, 14-1} in. long, little branched, many-flowered. Calyx tubular-cam- panulate, longitudinally ribbed, pilose, 4 lin. long, 2 lin. in diam. ; teeth 5, broad. Corolla tubular-campanulate ; tube yellow; lobes 5, undulate, orange. Stamens 5, longer than the calyx; filaments yellow 10 LXXXIX. BORAGINEE (BAKER AND WRIGHT). [ Cordia. anthers brown, about 1 lin. Jong. Style green; stigmas 4, exserted. Fruit ovoid, 7 lin. long, 4 lin. in diam., much longer than the persistent calyx.—Reliq. Dewevr. 162. South Central. Congo Free State: Old Kasongo, Dewévre. 6. ©. aurantiaca, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 26. A tree 15-25 ft. high; branchlets brown velvety pubescent when young.. Leaves oblong, acuminate, rounded at the base, 6 in. long, 2 in. broad, pilose on the chief nerves on both surfaces, more rarely glabrous; petiole 6 lin. long, pilose especially on the upper side. Cymes terminal, rather dense; branches and calyx densely brown velvety pubescent ; flowers subsessile, 5-7-merous. Calyx 6 lin. long, tubular; teeth short, broad. Corolla-tube 6 lin. long, cylindrical; lobes obovate, long mucronate, much undulate, half as long as the tube. Stamens inserted about halfway up the corolla-tube ; filaments hairy at or just above the base. Style 4 lin. long; stigmas peltate——Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 715; Giirke in Notizbl. Konig]. Bot. Gart. Berlin, i. 53, in obs. Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Barter! Mann, 4! Cameroons: Bipinde, Zenker, 931! 1855! 2115! Yaunde, Zenker, 757! 1481! Zenker & Staudt, 406! Lower Guinea. Loando: Chinchocho, Soyaux, 538: Gaboon: Munda: Sibange Farm, Soyaux, 132! Lower Congo: Smith! Angola: Golungo Alto ; in forests and on the banks of streams near Sange, Bango, Menha-Lula, Luinha River, &e., Welwitsch, 5430! 5466! In the original description the corolla-lobes are erroneously stated to be orbicular. 7. CG. Dusenii, Giirke in Notizbl. Konigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, i. 58. A tree; branchlets glabrous. Leaves ovate or oblong, 6—7 in. long by half as broad, entire, obtuse at the base, long acuminate or mucronate at the apex, membranous, glabrous on both surfaces; petiole 5—9 lin. long. Panicles from the axils of the upper leaves, few-flowered, lax ; pedicels long. Calyx campanulate, 6 lin. long, fusco-tomentose, 10-suleate ; teeth 5, deltoid, 2 lin. long, long acuminate. Corolla 9-10 lin. long; lobes spathulate, very long mucronate. Stamens 9 lin. long; filaments pilose at the base. Fruit ovoid-conical, glabrous. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: between Victoria and Bimbia, Preuss, 1256 ; and without precise locality, Dusén, 359a. 8. C. Fischeri, Giirke in Lngl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 335. A tree or shrub; branchlets pubescent. Leaves broadly oblong, 3—4 in. long, 24 in. broad, obtuse, entire, coriaceous, scabrid above, densely pubescent beneath ; petiole 4-15 lin. long Cymes terminal, few-flowered, sessile or shortly peduncled. Calyx between turbinate and cylindrical, 4 lin. long, sub- tomentose, with 10 obscure ribs; teeth 4—5, deltoid. Corolla half as long again as the calyx. Stamens slightly exserted. Ovary glabrous. —Giirke in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 307. WMozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Masai Highlands, Fischer, 437. 9. GC. subcordata, Zam. Jil. i. 421. A middle-sized tree; young branchlets glabrous or slightly pubescent. Leaves crowded at the tip Cordia. | LXXXIX, BORAGINEA (BAKER AND WRIGHT). 11 of the branchlets, alternate, ovate or suborbicular, rounded or cuneate at the base, glabrous, penninerved, not scabrid above, 4—6 in. long ; petiole 2 in. long, slender. Cymes short, axillary, few-flowered. Calyx funnel-shaped, 6 lin. long; tube glabrous or sparingly hairy, not suleate ; lobes 3—5, short, broad. Corolla white ; tube funnel-shaped, about 1 lin. in diam. at the centre, much longer than the calyx; limb 14 in.in diam.; lobes 5—7, orbicular. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes; filaments glabrous. Stigmas flattened. Fruit red, the size of an acorn, enclosed in the ampulliform accrescent calyx.—DC. Prodr. ix. 477; Baker, Fl. Maurit. 200; Vatke in Linnea, xlii. 314; Preuss in Notizb], Kénigl. Bot. Gart. Berlin, ii. 211. Wile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa Island, Hildebrandt, 1984! Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Mozambique, Forbes ! Also in the Mascarene Islands, Seychelles, and through Tropical Asia to Polynesia. 10. C. chrysocarpa, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 27. A tree 20-30 ft. high, with the habit of Broussonetia, the leaves crowded at the end of the very thick branchlets. Leaves alternate, ovate or broadly elliptic, rounded or cordate at the base, 6—8 in. long, coriaceous, very scabrid above when mature, penninerved, finely pubescent beneath with raised veinlets; petiole 2-4 in. long, clothed with fine soft brown spreading hairs. Cymes short, few-flowered. Corolla not seen. Fruit- calyx grey-green, rigid, campanulate, not sulcate, # in. long, lin. in diam. Drupe oblong, acute, indurated, bright yellow, 14 in. long.— Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 713. Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; outskirts of the forest in the ascent to Capopa, Welwitsch, 5461 ! 11. ©. Milleni, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 27. ? 9 ? P) g on both surfaces. Cymes lax. Calyx tubular, glabrous or nearly so outside with adpressed silky pubescence inside, 2 lin. long, irregularly 3-4-toothed. Corolla white ; tube 2 lin. long ; lobes 4, elliptical, obtuse, 2 lin. long. Filaments 1 lin. long, hairy in the lower part; anthers broadly ellipsoid. Ovary $—'5 in. long, conical; style-arms linear, 1} lin. long. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Khutu; between Kisaki and the River Ruaha, 1200-1300 ft., Goetze, 365! 19. CG. Myxa, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1,190. A shrub or tree up to 40 ft. high; stem cylindrical, nearly 1 ft.in diam.; branchlets glabrous or nearly so. Leaves from oblong and dentate to orbicular and entire, very variable in size, glabrous above, glabrous or pubescent beneath ; petiole 6-18 lin. long. Cymes in terminal (rarely axillary) lax panicles ; branches slender, glabrous, pseudodichotomous; pedicels 1 lin. long. Calyx tubular-campanulate, sparingly hairy outside, densely clothed with short hairs inside, 2 lin. long; lobes short, rounded. Corolla white ; tube cylindrical, as long as the calyx; lobes 5, oblong, about 2 lin. long, obtuse o1 emarginate. Stamens inserted at the corolla-throat ; filaments hairy a short distance above the base. Style-armslinear. Fruit ovoid, apiculate by the persistent style-base, 6 lin. in diam., seated on the enlarged widely campanulate calyx.—Jacq. Fragm. t. 103, fig. 3; Del. Fl. Egypte, 191, t. 19, figs. 1-2; Wight, Ill.t.169; DC. Prodr. ix. 479 ; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 11. 82, partly; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv. 386; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 136; Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 717. C. Sebestena, Forsk. Fl. Agypt.-Arab. lxiii. not of others. C. africana and C. officinalis, Lam. Ill. i. 420, t. 96. CO. domestica, Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 123. 2 5) 2h IS plier eet ARE Sericostoma.| LXXXIX, BORAGINEH (BAKER AND WRIGHT). 57 1. S. albidum, ranch. Sert. Somali, 46. A much-branched perennial with short branchlets, and leaves densely clothed with adpressed, whitish bristles. Leaves ascending, sessile, linear, with revolute edges, 3-6 lin. long. Cymes about 2 in. long; pedicels very short. Calyx very setose, about 1} lin. long; tube short ; lobes linear- oblong. Corolla-limb 14 lin. in diam. Nuts small, ovoid. Wile Land. Somaliland: Adda Galla and Lafarug, James & Thrupp ! and without precise locality, Révoil. 2. S. verrucosum, Beck in Paulits. Harar. 457, Bot. t. 12, figs. 3-6. A small much-branched shrub, with densely leafy branches, clothed with adpressed bristly hairs. Leaves sessile, oblanceolate, cus- pidate, narrowed gradually to the base, 3—4 lin. long, hispid on both sides. Cymes lax, scorpioid, terminal, 2-3 in. long; bracts linear, shorter than the calyx. Calyx half as long as the corolla, cut down nearly to the base; lobes linear, obtuse, hispid. Corolla 2 lin. long, blue or lilac, pilose outside, villous within ; tube broadly funnel-shaped, densely hairy at the throat inside; lobes suborbicular. Nuts ovoid- triquetrous, acuminate, verrucose. Nile Land. British Somaliland: Warabod, Hardegger & Paulitschke. 13. MYOSOTIS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. u. 858. Calyx 5-lobed, but little accrescent ; lobes narrow. Corolla hypo- -crateriform ; tube straight, short, cylindrical, without scales at the throat ; lobes 5, orbicular, patent, contorted. Stamens included in the corolla-tube ; filaments very short ; anthers oblong, obtuse or apiculate. Ovary with 4 distinct lobes inserted on the narrow gynobase; style filiform ; stigma entire or 2-lobed; ovules erect. Nutlets 4, ovoid, erect, bony. Seeds straight; cotyledons ovate.—Annual or perennial herbs. Stem-leaves alternate. Racemes scorpioid, usually ebracteate. Flowers usually blue. Species about 40, chiefly dispersed through the temperate regions of the Old World. Racemes not bracteate : 5 : : 3 . 1. M. sylvatica. Racemes bracteate. Corolla white . 3 : 3 ; . . . 2. MW. abyssinica. Corolla bright blue F : : ; ; . 3. MU. equinoctialis. 1. M. sylvatica, Hojfm. Deutsch. Fl. ed.i. 85. Biennial. Stems slender, 1-2 ft. long, thinly clothed with short spreading bristly hairs. Upper stem-leaves sessile, ovate or oblong-lanceolate; lower obtuse, narrowed gradually to a short petiole. Racemes long, lax, -ebracteate ; lower pedicels much longer than the calyx. Calyx 2 lin. long; lobes lanceolate; tube short, with many short spreading bristly hairs. Corolla-tube as long as the calyx ; limb bright blue, 2 lin. in diam. — Nuts ovate, obscurely bordered.—DC. Prodr. x. 107; Reichb. Ic. FI. ‘Germ. t. 1322; A. Rich. Tent. Pl. Abyss. ii. 89; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. “Trop. Afr. 354; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 19. I. arvensis, 58 LXXXIX. BORAGINEE (BAKER AND WRIGHT). [J/yosotis. var. sylvatica, Pers. Syn. i. 156. MU. graminifolia, var. trinervia, A. DC. in DC. Prodr. x. 110. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, upper slopes, 8000 ft.,. Johnston, 72! Wile Land. Abyssinia: Demerki, Schimper, 1152! and without precise locality, Schimper, 647 ! Also in Europe, Western Asia, the Canary Islands, and South Africa. 2. M. abyssinica, Boiss. e¢ Reut. Diagn. xi. 122. Annual. Stems short, clothed with short spreading bristly hairs. Upper leaves sessile, oblong or oblong-lanceolate ; lower obtuse, narrowed to a short petiole. Racemes short, bracteate at the base ; lower pedicels shorter than the calyx. Calyx 14 lin. long; tube campanulate, as long as the lanceolate lobes, clothed with spreading bristly hairs, open in the fruiting stage. Corolla-tube as long as the calyx; limb white, 1 lin. in diam. Nutlets black, shining.—Eng]. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 354. MW. hispida, var. bracteata, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 88; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 116. M. stricta, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soc. vii. 207, not of Link. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 8000-10,000 ft., Mann, 2033! Fernando Po, 8000 ft., Mann, 1459 ! Wile Land. Abyssinia: Demerki, Schimper, 1146! Mount Sholoda, near Adowa, Schimper, 1889! Shoa, Petit! Wojerat, Petit! Ankober, Roth, 159 (442) | Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; at the foot of Kifinika Volcano, 8800 ft., Volkens, 1841! 3. M. zquinoctialis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 29. Annual. sits much branched, } ft. long, densely clothed with short spreading hairs. Stem-leaves sessile, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate; lower obtuse, narrowed oradually to the base. Racemes bracteate at the- base, finally 13-2 in. long; pedicels very short, ascending. Calyx densely pilose ouside divided nearly to the base, finally 2 Tin. long ; lobes broadly lanceolate. Corolla-tube cylindrical, as long as the calyx; limb bright blue, 1 lin. in diam.; lobes shortly ovate. Nutlets black, glossy, smooth, lenticular, # lin. long. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; by the side of streams, 13,200 ft., Johnston, 123 ! 14. LITHOSPERMUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 1. 860. Calyx deeply 5-lobed, little accrescent ; lobes narrow. Calyx-tube straight, subeylindrical ; throat not closed by scales ; lobes 5, orbicular, imbricate. Stamens 5, inserted in the corolla-tube; filaments very short; anthers oblong, obtuse or apiculate. Ovary with 4 distinct lobes, inserted on the narrow gynobase ; style filiform; stigma usually terminal, 2-lobed; ovules erect. Nuts 4, ovoid, smooth or rugose,. erect. Seeds straight; cotyledons flat.— Annual or perennial herbs. i mH | | | i | : Lithospermum.| UXXXIX. BORAGINEEZ (BAKER AND WRIGHT), 59 Stem-leaves alternate. Flowers white, yellow or blue, arranged in bracteate scorpioid cymes. Species 40, widely dispersed, mainly in the temperate regions of both hemi- spheres. Annual; branches with adpressed hairs : , . L. ZL. arvense. Perennial; branches with patent hairs . : . 2. L. officinale. 1. L. arvense, Zinn. Sp. Pl. ed.i. 132. Annual. Stems 1-2 ft. long, clothed with short adpressed hairs. Stem-leaves ascending, the upper sessile, linear, acute, the lower lanceolate, obtuse, subpetiolate. Cymes long, bracteate. Calyx in flower 3 lin., in fruit 4—6 lin. long; tube very short; lobes lanceolate. Corolla white; tube as long as the calyx; limb } lin. in diam. Nutlets ovoid, drab, stony, rugose, glabrous.—Fl. Dan. t. 456; DC. Prodr. x. 74; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 116; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 174; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. II. 24. Nile Land. Abyssinia: near Merosowa, 4000 ft., Schimper. Also in Europe, Asia, and South Africa, 2. L. officinale, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 182. Perennial. Stems 2—3 ft. long, erect, densely hairy, simple or branched. Leaves many, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subsessile, covered above with short bristly bulbous-based hairs, slightly pubescent beneath. Cymes long, copiously bracteate. Calyx in flower 14 lin. long, finally 3-4 lin. ; tube very short ; lobes linear, acute. Corolla scarcely longer than the calyx ; hairy outside, yellowish-white; lobes rounded. Nutlets ovoid, pearly white, bony, 14 lin. long.—DC. Prodr. x. 76; OC. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv: ii. 23; var. abyssinicwm, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 3DD. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; Mount Guna, 10,800 ft., Sehemper, 1420! Somak Efat, Roth, 132 (434)! Ankober, Roth, 156 (433)! British East Africa: 2 days’ march from Eldama Ravine, Whyte ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: at Abori on Lake Victoria, Fischer, Re Kinga Mountains, 8000 ft., Goetze, 944; Kilimanjaro, 8800 it., Volkens, 947 ! Widely spread all round the North temperate zone, and extending to South Africa. 15. LOBOSTEMON, Lehm.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 863. Calyx 5-partite, not accrescent; segments linear or lanceolate. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped or subcylindrical, not scaled at the throat ; limb slightly irregular ; lobes suborbicular. Stamens inserted in the corolla-tube, unequal; filaments filiform; anthers small, suborbicular, — or oblong. Ovary with 4 distinct lobes inserted on the narrow gyno- base; style nliform; stigma small, subcapitate or emarginate ; ovules erect. Nuts 4, erect, ovoid, rugose. Seed straight.—Perennial herbs or shrubs. Stem-leaves alternate, usually hispid. Flowers blue or 60 LXXXIX. BORAGINEE (BAKER AND WRIGHT). | Lobostemon. white, arranged in scorpioid spikes or racemes.—Lewrocline, 8. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1901, 257. Species about 50; all the others in South Africa. Flowers pale yellow . 3 . : . 3 - 1. L. somalensis. Flowers blue. Flowers in a small dense terminal head. : . 2. L. eryptocephalum. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves . 3. L. lithospermoides, 1. L. somalensis, /ranchet, Sert. Somal. 44. Shrubby at the base, but little branched. Branchlets glabrous, glaucescent. Stem- leaves small, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, with verrucose dots over the upper surface. Racemes lax, bracteate; pedicels very short. Calyx- lobes unequal, obtuse, 2 smaller, linear. Corolla pale yellow when dried; tube slender, twice as long as the calyx; limb obliquely truncate. Stamens included. Nutlets trigonous, acutely tubercled.— Leurocline somalense, 8S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1901, 258. Wile Land. Somaliland, Révoil. 2. L. cryptocephalum, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 30. Peren- nial herb. Stem erect, simple, hairy, 1ft. long, regularly leafy up to the top. Leaves sessile, linear-oblong, entire, hispid on both sides, the central ones 1 in. long, the upper and lower smaller. Flowers in a small dense terminal head hidden by the ascending upper leaves. Calyx hispid, 3 lin. long; lobes lanceolate. Corolla bright blue; tube half as long again as the calyx, hairy at the throat; limb under 3 lin. in diam.; lobes suborbicular, rather unequal. Stamens not exserted from the corolla-tube. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson, 59 ! 3. L. lithospermoides, Baker. Stem branched, reaching nearly 1 ft. in height. Branches erect, slender, glabrous. Leaves sessile, ascending, lanceolate, 6-9 lin. long, glabrous on the upper surface, clothed with strong hairs on the edge and beneath and furnished with white dots near the base. Flowers blue, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves. Calyx 4 lin. long; sepals lanceolate, hispid on the edge, the posticous smaller than the others. Corolla blue; tube cylin- drical, glabrous or slightly pruinose outside, villous in the upper part inside, dilated at the throat, twice as long as the calyx ; limb 3—4 lin. in diam. ; lobes orbicular. Filaments very short, the posticous inserted higher than the rest; anthers oblong. Style bifid at the apex, not exserted from the corolla-tube. Nutlets ovate, obtuse, reddish, a line long.—Leurocline lithospermoides, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1901, 257, t. 424, fig. A. Nile Land. British East Africa: Leikipia, Gregory; Gof, 3900 ft., and between Le’ and Tocha, Lord Delamere. 16. ECHINOCHILON, Desf.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. 852. Calyx 5-partite; segments lanceolate, 1 very small or obsolete. Corolla-tube subcylindrical, curved; throat not closed by scales ; limb ca a SR ah he eT te Echinochilon.] UXXXTX, BORAGINEE (BAKER AND WRIGHT). 61 bilabiate, irregular; upper lip erect, obscurely 2-lobed ; lower more spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 5, included in the corolla-tube ; filaments very short; anthers oblong. Ovary with 4 lobes attached to the conic gynobase; style filiform; stigma 2-lobed. Nuts 4, ovoid. Seed straight ; cotyledons entire.—Hispid perennials, with many alternate stem-leaves. Flowers small blue, arranged in leafy scorpioid spikes. Species 2, the other from Aden, 1. E. fruticosum, Desf. Fl. Atlant. i. 167, ¢t. 47. A dwarf much-branched perennial, with stems and leaves densely clothed with white bristly hairs. Leaves alternate, lanceolate, 3-6 lin. long. Flowers sessile in the axils of the upper leaves, crowded towards the tip of the branchlets. Calyx-segments 14 lin. long. Corolla-tube as long as the calyx ; limb bright blue, 2 lin. diam.—DC. Prodr. x, 27. Nile Land. Nubia: coast region near Ras Rauai, Schweinfurth, 2107 ! Also in North Africa and Syria. 17. ECHIUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 863. Calyx 5-partite; segments linear or lanceolate. Corolla-tube- funnel-shaped, curved, the oblique throat not closed with scales ; lobes 5, imbricate, orbicular, unequal. Stamens 5, unequally inserted below the middle of the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform, often dilated at the base; anthers ovate or oblong, obtuse, small. Ovary with 4 distinct lobes inserted on the narrow gynobase; style filiform, bifid at the apex; stigmas small. Nuts 4, distinct, erect, ovoid, rugose. Seeds. erect; cotyledons flat—Herbs or shrubs. Stem-leaves alternate. Spikes scorpioid, bracteate. Flowers usually blue or white. Species 30-40, spread through Europe, North Africa, Western Asia, and several shrubby types in the Canaries and Azores. Bristles spreading. Corolla half as long again as the calyx . p . Ll. #. Rawwolfii. Corolla twice as long as the calyx : . . 2. EB. longiflorum. Bristles ascending . : j : : 6 . 38. FH. arenarium. 1. E. Rauwolfii, Delile, Fl. Egypte, 195, t. 19, fig. 3. Annual, with a slender root, which stains purple. Stem erect, much branched, with copious spreading bristles. Stem-leaves sessile, linear-oblong, small, with copious white bulbous-based bristles ; radical leaves oblanceo- late, obtuse, 4-6 in. long, narrowed gradually into a short petiole. Spikes finally 6 in. or more long; bracts lanceolate, hispid. Calyx very hispid, 4—6 lin. long; segments lanceolate. Corolla pallid, half as long again as the calyx. Stamens reaching to the tip of the corolla- lobes. Nuts smooth, shining, 1} lin. long.—DC. Prodr. x. 23. Nile Land. Soudan: between Berber and Khartoum, Schweinfurth, 541 ! Getena, Schweinfurth, 911! region of Khartoum, Speke § Grant! Kotschy, 264! 318! Broun, 36! Petherick! Bromfield! Blue Nile, Muriel, 44! near Wolet Medine (Wold Medineh), Kotschy, 464 ! Also in North Africa and Western Asia. 62 LXXXIX. BORAGINEA (BAKER AND WRIGHT). [Echeum. 2. BE. longifolium, Delile, i. Hgypte, 184, t. 16, fig. 3. Annual, with slender root. Stems branched, with copious spreading bristles. Stem-leaves small, sessile, linear-oblong: radical-leaves oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed into a short petiole. Spikes many, lax; bracts lanceolate, 4—6 lin. long. Calyx very bristly, 4 lin. long; segments lanceolate. Corolla bright blue, twice as long as the calyx; lobes small, orbicular. Stamens reaching to the tip of the corolla-lobes. Nuts ovoid, 2 lin. long, rugose on the outer tace-—)) ©. Prodry xo" Schweinf. Beitr. F]. Aethiop. 115. Wile Land. Nubia: Soturba Mountains, Schweinfurth, 2063! in Wadi Mahas, Wady Dongola and near El Korehr, Hhrenberg ex Schweinfurth. Also in Egypt. 3. E. arenarium, Guss. Ind. Hort. Boccad. 1825 and Pl. Rar. 88, t. 17. Annual or biennial. Stems short, diffuse, clothed with short ascending bristles. Leaves all obtuse, oblanceolate. Spikes lax, elongate; bracts large, ovate-lanceolate. Calyx very hispid, 3 lin. long, but little accrescent; tube short; teeth lanceolate. Corolla bright blue, 4-6 lin. long. Stamens comparatively short. Nuts ovoid, acute, strongly tubercled.—DC. Prodr. x. 21; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 115. Wile Land. Sennar: near Wolet Medene (Wold Medineh), and near Roseires, Cienkowsky ex Schweinfurth, Also in South Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia. OrpER XC. CONVOLVULACEA. (By J. G. Baker and A. B. Rendle.) Flowers hermaphrodite (very rarely unisexual), regular (very rarely slightly zygomorphic). Calyx inferior; sepals 5 (very rarely 4), free (rarely united at the base), much imbricate, equal or more or less unequal, often, especially the outer, accrescent. Corolla gamopetalous, usually funnel-shaped, sometimes more or less campanulate, or hypo- erateriform, rarely urceolate; limb subentire or 5-lobed, or deeply 5-partite (very rarely 4-partite), in bud generally induplicate- valvate, often contorted, glabrous inside, frequently more or less definitely marked on the outside into more or less hairy and veined midpetaline areas, which are outside in the bud, separated by glabrous episepaline areas. Stamens 5 (very rarely 4), inserted low down in the corolla-tube, opposite the sepals; filaments equal or unequal, filiform, generally dilated and glandular hairy at the base, rarely stipulate, rarely attached to scales; anthers introrse, oblong, often more or less sagittate at the base. Pollen spherical and spinose all over, or spherical and smooth, or ellipsoidal and marked with longi- tudinal or other folds. Hypogynous disc annular or cup-shaped, often shallowly 5-lobed, sometimes obsolete. Ovary superior, entire, of 2 (rarely 3) united carpels, 2- (rarely 3-) celled, sometimes 1-celled, or by XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 63 development of spurious septa 4-celled, rarely 2- or 4-partite; style filiform, simple, or more or less deeply bifid, or styles 2; stigma terminal and entire or bilobed, or stigmas 2 (rarely 4), globose, ellipsoid, filiform, or flattened and elliptical or linear, rarely peltate and irregularly palmatilobed ; ovules 2 in each carpel, rarely solitary, erect, anatropous, sessile. Fruit girt, or more or less enveloped, by the per- sistent calyx, 1—5-celled, or spuriously 4-celled, generally a capsule dehiscing by valves, more rarely transversely or irregularly, sometimes indehiscent, with membranous, leathery, woody or fleshy pericarp. Seeds 4—1, becoming triquetrous on the inner face by mutual pressure, convex on the back, glabrous, or hairy especially on the angles, some- times verrucose. Embryo straight; radicle pointing towards the hilum; cotyledons foliaceous, generally folded with emarginate or broadly bilobed apex; endosperm copious, cartilaginous.—Annual or perennial herbs, undershrubs or shrubs, often climbing, sometimes glabrous, often more or less hairy. Leafless parasites in Cuscuta. Leaves alternate, exstipulate, entire or often palmately divided, more rarely pinnate, base often cordate. Flowers generally axillary, solitary or cymose, often aggregated into heads, rarely paniculate or approxi- mated in a terminal spike, Bracts various, generally small and narrow, sometimes larger and more or less foliaceous; rarely persistent in the fruit. Flowers minute to large, often very showy. Species more than 1000, cosmopolitan, but much more numerous in the tropics. I, Non-parasitic plants with developed green leaves, A. Pollen grains smooth. TRIBE I. Dichondreze.—Flowers small, axillary, solitary. Sepals free or umited at the base, silky outside, obsolete in Nephrophyllum. Corolla funnel- shaped or broadly campanulate. Stamens and styles included ; filaments short, naked. Ovary bifid or 4-lobed, and 4-ovuled, or entire, 1-celled and 2-ovuled, Styles 2, gynobasie or terminal. Fruits indehiscent, 1-seeded.—Prostrate or creeping herbs with stalked reniform or oblong leaves. *Calyx developed. Ovary 2-fid : : 2 : : : . 1. DicnonpRa. Ovary 4-lobed . : : : : : . 2, FALKTIA. **Calyx obsolete . : i : : : ; . 38. NEPHROPHYLLUM, TriBE II.—Dieranostyleze.— Flowers small, axillary, solitary or in few- to many-flowered axillary dichasia. Sepals free, sometimes accrescent. Corolla Sunnel-shaped to campanulate ; estivation contorto-plicate. Ovary usually 2- celled, 4-ovuled. Styles 2 or single and bifid. Fruit a capsule with generally valvular dehiscence, 1—-4-seeded.imHerbs or shrubs; stems prostrate erect or climbing. **Sepals not accrescent. Styles 2, forked P : : : F . 4. EVOLVULUS, Styles not forked. Stamens and style exserted : : é pile CRESSAte Stamens and style not exserted. Small shrubs with prostrate or suberect branches. : : : : . 8. SEDDERA. Shrubby climbers : : . : . 9. BONAMIA. **Sepals accrescent (plants dicecious). 64 XO. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 5. HILDEBRANDTIA. 2 outer sepals much longer than the inner . . 6. CLADOSTIGMA. All the sepals accrescent . “ Trise III. Poraneze.—flowers generally small and racemose or panicled (in sessile or subsessile axillary cymes in Prevostea). Bracts or sepals accrescent. Corolla various. Stamens generally included. Styles 2 or single and bifid. Fruit one-seeded.— Climbing shrubs. * Bracts accrescent 3 3 ; 5 . 10. NEUROPELTIS. **2 outer sepals accrescent. Style unequally bifid, rarely divided to the middle ; stigmas ellipsoid to globose . 11. PREVOSTEA. Style deeply bifid ; stigmas linear-oblong . 12. DIPTEROPELTIS. *** Sepals not accrescent : . 13.. PORANA. Tripu 1V. Convolvuleze.—flowers axillary, solitary or dichasial. Sepals Sree, rarely accrescent. Corolla funnel-shaped, subentire ; midpetaline areas not well defined ; estivation contorto-plicate. Stamens and style included. Filaments dilated at the base and glandular hairy. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled, Style long. entire. Fruit a valvate capsule, 2-celled, 4-seeded, rarely with opercular or irre- gular dehiscence or indehiscent. *Flower subtended by a pair of large foliaceous bracts 17. CALYSTEGIA. *Flowers not thus subtended. +Onter sepals not conspicuously larger than the inner. Stigmus elliptic Stigmas filiform . Stigma biglobular. Capsule dehiscent, several seeded Capsule indehiscent, 1-seeded ++Outer sepals conspicuously larger than the inner. Stigma biglobular : . 15. ANISETA. Stigmas ovate-oblong . . 18. Hewirrta. . 14, JACQUEMONTIA, . 16. CONVOLVULUS, . 19. MERREMIA. - 20. HYALOCYSTIS. B. Pollen grains spinose. TRIBE V. Epomoeeze.—Llowers axillary, solitary or in few- to many-flowered cymes, often large and showy. Sepals sometimes much enlarged in fruit. Corolla generally funnel-shaped, sometimes more or less campanulate, hypocrateriform or urceolate (Lepistemon) ; midpetaline areas well defined; cestivation contorto- plicate. Stamens and styles included, or sometimes exserted. Filaments with dilated glandular-hairy base. Ovary generally 2-celled and 4-ovuled. Style simple ; stigma capitate, entire or bilobed, rarely oblong, Fruit generally a 4-valved capsule— Habit various, **Stamens springing from the base of 5 scales. Corolla urceolate Corolla campanulate . 21. LEPISTEMON. . 22. LEPISTEMONOPSIS. *kStamens not attached to scales. Pedicel accrescent ; : : . 23. CALONYCTION. Pedicel not acecrescent. : 5 . 24. ASTROCHLENA, Plants stellately hairy Plants not stellately hairy. Corolla hypocrateriform, scarlet; genitalia exserted ; ovary 4-celled Four above characters not associated . 25, QUAMOCLIT. . 26. IpoM@a. Trine VI. Argyreiese.—As in Ipomeex, but fruit indehiscent, with fleshy or woody pericarp. Only Tropical African genus : . : . . 27. ARGYREIA. Dichondra.| XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLB). © 65 Il. Parasitic plants with filiform leafless stems. TriBe VII. Cuscutese.—Characters of the section. Only Tropical African genus ; : . : . 28. CUSCUTA. 1. DICHONDRA, Forst.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 879. Sepals subequal, oblong-spathulate, rather accrescent. Corolla broadly campanulate, not longer than the calyx; lobes 5, induplicate- valvate. Stamens short, inserted in the corolla-tube ; filaments fili- form; anthers oblong. Ovary 2-lobed, each lobe 2-ovuled; styles 2, gynobasic, short, filiform; stigmas capitate. Capsule 2-lobed ; lobes subglobose, membranous, indehiscent, 1-seeded. Seed subglobose, smooth; cotyledons linear-oblong, plicate.—Creeping perennial herbs, with slender stems. Leaves petioled, cordate-reniform. Flowers minute, axillary, peduncled, single. Species 4-5, cosmopolitan, principally American. 1. D. repens, /orst. Gen. 40, ¢ 20. A perennial herb with slender trailing pubescent stems rooting from the nodes. Leaves reni- form, {-1 in. broad, more or less silky especially on the lower face, long-petioled. Flowers axillary, solitary; peduncles shorter than the petiole. Calyx barely exceeding | lin. long; sepals oblong to oblong- spathulate, pilose on the back and edges. Corolla yellow, slightly shorter than the calyx, deeply 5-fid; lobes elliptic-oblong. Utricles of fruit about 1 lin. broad; seed brown, glabrous.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 451; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 82, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vil. 223 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 723 (var. sericea, not of Choisy): Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 83. Nile Land. Somaliland? Riva, 1249. Uganda: Kavirondo, Scott-Elliot, 7062! Whyte! between Eldama Ravine and Mau Plateau, 7000-8000 ft., Whyte ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Bumbo, Welwitsch, 626! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro ; Marangu, Volkens, 686. Also in South Africa, Socotra, Mascarene Islands, St. Helena, and widely spread in Asia, Australia, and America. 2. FALKTA, Linn. f.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 878. Sepals subequal, broad, joined at the base. Corolla small, broadly funnel-shaped, plicate, 5-angled, slightly lobed. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube, not exserted; filaments filiform; anthers oblong. Ovary 4-lobed, 4-ovuled; styles 2, gynobasic, filiform ; stigmas capitate. Fruit of 4 membranous utricles. Seeds solitary, ovoid or globose; testa crustaceous ; embryo plicate, with broad cotyledons.— Prostrate perennial herbs with cordate-orbicular to oblong leaves and small solitary peduncled axillary flowers. Species 3, all South African. _ 1. F. oblonga, Bernh. var. minor, (. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. lv. 11. 82. Rootstock horizontal, sending out short few-leaved branches VOL. IY.—SEC. 2 F 66 XC, CONVOLVULACE& (BAKER AND RENDLE). [ Palkia. above ground. Leaves petioled, orbicular or ovate, 5—6 lin. long, silky when young, glabrescent when mature. Flowers solitary, axillary ; pedicels 14-2 lin. long. Calyx 2 lin. long; tube turbinate; lobes small, deltoid. Corolla 4-6 lin. long. and broad. Filaments 3 lin. long. Ovary densely pilose ; styles 4 lin. long.—/’. abyssinica, Engl. Hochge- birgsfl. Trop. Afr. 344; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb, xviii. 84; Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 219. /. oblonga, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 41 in part, and Capua l.c. Nile Land. Eritrea: Asmara, Schweinfurth 4 Riva, 2096! Assaorta, Pappi, 3467 ; Hamasen, Terraciano & Pappi, 218; Oculé Cuzai, Pappi, 4390, Abyssinia : mountains near Magdala, Steudner, 958 ! Also in South Africa, 3. NEPHROPHYLLUM, A. Rich.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 876. Calyx membranous, nearly obsolete. Corolla funnel-shaped, 5- angled, obscurely lobed. Stamens unequal, inserted low down in the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform; anthers oblong. Disc inconspicu- ous. Ovary Il-celled, 2-ovuled; styles 2, simple, filiform; stigmas capitate. Fruit thrust beneath the soil by the elongating pedicel, indehiscent, 1l-seeded. Seed subglobose, glabrous; cotyledons very narrow.—A_ perennial herb, with the habit of Dichondra. Leaves small, petioled, reniform. Flowers solitary, sessile in the axils of the leaves.—Hygrocharis, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 11. 77. Endemic. 1. N. abyssinicum, 4. Pich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 77, t. 76. A creeping tufted perennial herb, with very slender stems rooting from the nodes. Leaves reniform, glabrous, 2$—5 lin. in diam. Petiole as long as or longer than the blade; bracteoles membranous, elliptic- ovate, obtuse, # lin. long. Peduncle reaching an inch long in fruit. Corolla 24 lin. long. Fruit about 1} lin. in diam., ellipsoid.—Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 345. Hygrocharis abyssinica, Hochst. ex A. Rich. l.c.; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 81. Nile Land. Abyssinia: mountain meadow near Enjedcap, Schimper, 572! — near Jelajeranne, Schimper, 1701! Debra Tabor, 8500 ft., Schimper, 1142! near — Adowa, Dillon. . 4, EVOLVULUS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 875. Sepals subequal, acute or obtuse. Corolla blue or white, funnel- _ shaped or subrotate; limb 5-angled, sometimes 5-lobed. Stamens inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube; filaments filiform, glabrous; anthers oblong; pollen spherical. Ovary 2-celled, rarely l-celled, 4-ovuled; styles 2, distinct from the base, forked; stigmas long, subterete. Capsule subglobose, 2-4-valved, 1-—2-celled. Seeds. 2.-4, glabrous; cotyledons nearly flat.—Annual or perennial herbs, Hvolwulus.| XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 67 rarely shrubby, never twining. Leaves simple, usually entire. Flowers small, in few-flowered axillary dichasia or aggregated in spikes at the end of the branches. Species, about 70, nearly all Tropical American. Capsule 2-celled. Corolla shallowly lobed. - . 1. £. alsinoides. Capsule 1-celled. Corolla deeply lobed ; 0 . 2. B. nummularius. 1. E. alsinoides, Zinn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 392. Annual or perennial. Stems tufted, slender, hairy, s SRE or ascending. Leaves elliptic, oblanceolate- oblong i lanceolate, 4-1 in. long, hairy on both sur- faces, generally narrowed to the base, apex obtuse (often mucronate) to acute. Peduncles slender, hairy, 1—3-flowered, shorter than, equal to or longer than the leaves, often 1-14 in. long; pedicels ‘short ; bracts lanceolate, minute. Sepals lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate, acute, hairy, 14-2 lin. long. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, a little longer than the calyx, usually bright blue, rarely white, 5 lin. in diam. when expanded. Capsule globose, 4-valved, 14 lin. in diam.—Seeds 4, brown, or black, glabrous.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 447; Benth. in Hook. Niger F]. 470 ; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 246 (var. strictus): Schweinfurth, Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 93 (incl. vars.) ; Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 117; Hallier f.in Eng]. Jahrb. xviii. 85; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 724; Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost.-Afr. C. 328 (incl. varieties); Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 222 (incl. varieties). H. fugacissimaus, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. No. 828; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 75. &. linifolius, Linn. |.c.; Choisy l.c. 449; Franchet, Sert. Somal. 43. 4H. azureus, Schum. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 166. Upper Guinea. Senegal: Roger, 12! Heudelot, 229! Perrottet, 504! Gold Coast : Accra, Don! Vogel! Ansell! Brown, 360! Salaga, Krause! Togo, Warnecke, 212! Lagos, Migeod! Rowland. Northern Nigeria, Vogel, 159! Barter, 546! Bornu: Mora, Vogel! Nile Land. Throughout the region from Nubia to Mombasa, Kotschy, 371 ! Bent! Lord ! Cienkowski, Pfund, 185! 514! Kotschy, 411! 412! Schweinfurth § Riva! Pappi, Terraciano, Ragazzi, Steudner, 957! Ehrenberg, Petit, 297! Schimper, 359! 828! 1150. Hildebrandt, 529! 1528! Mrs. Lort Phillips! Miss Edith Cole! Révoil, Riva, 1271, 1471, Schweinfurth, 7! 4269! Freeman & Lucas ! Donaldson Smith! Wellby! Bagshaw, 318! Scott-Elliot, 6109! 7380! 7444! Speke § Grant, 588! Whyte! Késsner, 5384! Johnston! Taylor! Wakefield ! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Hens, 17, A 311! Loango, Soyaux. Angola, Welwitsch, 6155! 6156! 6161! 6162! 6255! Gossweiler, 225! Baum, 510. Damaraland, Hen! Amboland, Schinz, 746. South Central. Congo Free State : Mtowa, Descamps, Angola : upper part of Ninda River, Serpa Pinto. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa, Hannington! Wilson, 28! Fischer, 415! Holst, 2595! Volkens, 2182! Portuguese East Africa: Tete and Lupata, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Simons! Buchanan! Matabeleland, Oates! Elliott! Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 116! Rand, 127! Ngamiland, Lugard, 141! Miss Lugard, 99! A very variable plant, varying from spreading to erect in habit, and also in the 68 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Lvolvalus. shape of the leaf, relative length of the peduncle and general hairiness. Sehwein- furth (followed by Hallier and Hiern) recognises two varieties, procumbens (EH. alsinoides, Linn.) and erectus (£. linifolius, Linn), but, as I find it impossible to say to which form many of the specimens belong, I prefer to consider them all under the species. Some specimens credited to var. erectus are young plants, which perhaps become procumbent later. A. B. R. Also in South Africa, and widely distributed in the Tropics. . E. nummularius, Linn. Sp. Pi. ed.2,391. A perennial herb, a the habit of Dichondra repens ; stems shortly hairy, trailing 4_1 ft. long, rooting from the nodes. Leaves orbicular or orbiculeas obovate or elliptic, apex very obtuse, truncate or retuse, about 6 lin. long and broad ; petiole very short. Flowers few, solitary in the axils of the Jeaves, on very short recurving peduncles. Sepals ovate to elliptic-ovate, subacute, pubescent or nearly glabrous, with ciliate margins, about 14 lin. long. Corolla white, subrotate, twice as long as the calyx, deeply lobed ; lobes obovate. Capsule globose, 14 lin. in diam., 1-celled, 2-valved. Seeds 2—4, black or brown, shining.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 445; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 85; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i 123. £. dichondroides, Oliver in Trans. Linn. Socwxxixe W17, tig Sipe Nile Land. Upper Nile: Freeman &§ Lucas! Bongo: Lesi River, Sechwein- furth, 4011! Uganda, Speke & Grant, 524! British East Africa : Sabaki Valley, Gregory ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; near Lopollo and by Lake Ivantala, Welwitsch, 6136! Also in Tropical America. HILDEBRANDTIA, Vatke; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1248. Dicecious, flowers small, 4-5-merous. Sepals in the male flower sub- equal, in the female flower 2 or 3 outer much larger than the inner, accre- scent. Corolla minute, several times longer than the calyx in the male flower, slightly protruding beyond it in the female, funnel- shaped, 4—5- lobed. Filaments glabrous; anthers oblong, exserted, aborted in the female flower. Ovary glabrous, 2-celled, 4-ovuled, smaller and sterile in the male; styles 2; stigmas somewhat horseshoe-shaped, with a pair of irregularly crenately lobed branches. Capsule concealed by the two large membranous, orbicular, veined, accrescent outer sepals, 4-valved, 2-celled. Seeds 1-4, trigonous, glabrous.—Much-branched shrubs ; some branches elongated: spreading, erect, or climbing, others short and tuberculiform - leaves alternate along the young elongated shoots, or fascicled on the dwarf shoots, small, cuneate-spathulate, subsessile. Flowers axillary on the dwarf shoots, subsessile i in the male, on slender stalks in the female. Species 4; endemic. Flowers tetramerous. Inner pair of sepals of female flower minute, not accrescent, Hildebrandtia.| XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 69 Base of outer pair not decurrent on the peduncle . 1. H. africana. Base of outer pair shortly decurrent on the peduncle ; : - . : : Inner pair of sepals of female flower, 1-13 ‘lin. long, accrescent Flowers pentamerous . 2. H. obcordata. . A. sepalosa. . H. somalensis. we 09 1. H. africana, Vathe in Sitzuwngsd. Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berlin, 1876, 8. A much-branched shrub, 6 ft. high, with terete brown spreading woody glabrescent branchlets, spinescent at the apex, the thin bark splitting in elongated areas. Leaves fascicled on pubescent dwarf shoots, ob- lanceolate- to obovate-spathulate, obtuse or emarginate, 3—6 lin. long, tapering below into the short petiole, with adpressed silky hairs on both surfaces, hairs attached in the middle. Flowers axillary, 1 to few in each dwarf branch, 4-merous. Male very shortly stalked, female on a slender silky pedicel, about 3 lin. long; bracteoles at the base of the stalk, very small, filiform, deciduous. Male flower : 2 outer sepals broadly ovate, blunt, a little over 1 lin. long, rather larger than the decussating inner pair, which are elliptic-oblong and shortly acute; corolla about 3 lin. long, deeply 4-fid, lobes elliptic-ovate, blunt ; stamens ripening in pairs, filaments tapering gradually from base to apex, entire, glabrous ; ovary rudiment bearing 2 slender tapering styles. Female flowers: 2 outer sepals large orbicular, entire, attached in the lower third to the pedicel, sparsely silky, becoming 8 to 9 lin. lony in the fruit, inner sepals minute ; corolla as in the male; stamens infertile, anthers repre- sented by a flattened extension of the filament ; styles 2, long, filiform, each bearing a large, somewhat horseshoe-shaped, fleshy, crispulate stigma. Capsule small, globose, 24 lin. in diam., concealed between the thin membranous accrescent outer sepals. Seeds yellowish, 1$lin. long. —Vatke in Monatsb. Akad. Berl. 1876, 864, Journ. Bot. 1876, 315, Bot. Zeit. 1876, 362, and Linnaea, xliii. 525; Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. Xvill. 87, and xxv. 515. Wile Land. Somaliland: Ahl Mountains near Maid, 3000-4000 ft,, Helde- brandt, 1525! 1534! Giacorsa, Riva, 457; and without precise locality, Mrs. Lort Phillips ! H. undulata, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1899, 406, t. 402, fig. B, differs frum the type specimens in the almost glabrous character of the outer sepals in the female flower. 2. H. obcordata, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1899, 406, t. 402, jig. A. Branchlets woody, resembling those of H. africana. Leaves on pubescent dwarf-shoots, shortly petioled, obovate with emarginate apex, 6 lin. long or less, cuneate at the base, glabrous above, sparsely clothed with adpressed hairs beneath. Flowers unknown. Fruits solitary or in pairs; peduncles slender, 4-6 lin. long, 2 outer sepals suborbicular, about 9 lin. long and broad, base subacute, decurrent on the peduncle, reticulately veined, glabrous, united to the pedicel in the lower half, two inner minute. Capsule subglobose, 24 lin. long, thinly erustaceous, 4-valved. Seeds 4, dark purple, scarcely 14 lin. long. Wile Land. Somaliland, Donaldson Sinith ! 70 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). { Hildebrandtia. FI. sepalosa, Rendle. A shrub, apparently erect, with (in the single specimen seen) pseudo-dichotomous branching. Branchlets stiff, woody, ascending, covered with brownish-grey bark, splitting in longi- tudinal areas. Leaves fascicled on dwarf-shoots, cuneate-spathulate, 3-4 lin. long, apex emarginate, subsessile, sparsely pilose on lower surface and margin with the characteristic adpressed hairs. Flowers tetramerous. Male with subequal sepals about 1 lin. long, the two outer orbicular, the two inner slightly smaller and elliptic, blunt, pubescent on the back. Corolla funnel-shaped, a little over 5 lin. long, 4-fid to about the middle; lobes ovate, sparsely hairy in the median area on the back. Anthers oblong. Ovary rudimentary ; styles exceeding the stamens, 21 lin. long; stigmas somewhat horseshoe- shaped, lobulate. Female flowers on filiform pedicels, 3 lin. long and sparsely hairy. 2 outer sepals, broadly elliptic, nearly 3 lin. long, apex rounded, base sub- acute, adnate to the pedicel in the lower third, sparsely pubescent on the back; 2 inner sepals elliptic, blunt, reaching to the margin of the outer, a little over 1 lin. to 14 lin. long. Corolla as in the male ; staminodes filiform, glabrous; anthers aborted. Ovary subglobose; stigmas as in H. africana. “Immature fruit, 4-seeded, semiglobose, enveloped in the larger membranous suborbicular outer pair of sepals, 34 lin. long, and the inner elliptic pair, 5 lin. long; base of outer sepals a acutely decurrent on the pedicel. Nile Land. Somaliland: Harradigit, James 4 Thrupp! British East Africa: between Ndi Mountain and the Tsavo River, Hildebrandt, 2600 ! 4, Hl. somalensis, Hngl. ex Peter in Hngl. d&: Prantl, Phanzenfam. iv. 3A, 20. A woody climber with spreading lateral branches; the slender elongated climbing shoots brown; final branchlets short; the older rigid, with grey to blackish, longitudinally splitting bark. Leaves very small, subcoriaceous, 3—5 lin. long, 1 lin. or a little more broad, spathulate, obtuse with mucronulate apex, glabrescent, glaucescent. Female flowers few, fascicled on the leafy dwarf-shoots ; bracteoles minute, filiform , silky hke the short pedicels, which do not exceed 1} lin, long. Sepals unequal ; 3 outer elliptic-ovate, obtuse, with subacute Been adnate to the pedicels nearly to the middle, about 24 lin. long, bearing a few of the characteristic adpressed hairs; 2 inner minute, ovate-lanceolate, acute. Corolla 2 lin. long, deeply 5-partite; lobes lanceolate. Staminodes slender, broadening slightly downwards, 2 lin. long, glabrous, SENS 2 anthers aborted; ovary bluntly ovoid, glabrous. Styles 14 lin. long stigmas somewhat horseshoe-shaped, irregularly lobulate.—Engl. janes xvill. 87; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxv. 516, Nile Land. Somaliland: Ahl Mountains near Maid, 3500 ft., Hildebrandt, 1538! Harar: Gildessa to Zeila, Robecchi-Bricchetti, 33. 6. CLADOSTIGMA, Radlk.in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Brem. vii. 412. Flowers small, dicecious, solitary or few in a subsessile umbel-like cyme. Sepals 5, obovate, subequal, accrescent, becoming membranous, veined Cladostigma.| XC. CONVOLYULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). ek and spreading in the fruit. Corolla campanulate-funnel-shaped, exceed- ing the calyx in the male flowers; limb deeply 5-fid ; segments obovate, induplicate-valvate. Staminal-filaments filiform, slightly dilated but not appendaged at the base; anthers oblong, aborted in the female. Dise broadly 5-lobed. Ovary 2-celled ; ovules 2 in a cell. Styles 2, connate at the base; stigmas terminal, more or less hippocrepiform. Young fruit obovoid-globose, with a single seed in each cell.—Small- leaved shrubs with rigid branches. Species 2, one of them also in Arabia. - Leaves ovate-elliptic, 23-5 lin. broad, on elongated shoots ; ; 5 7 ; , F . Ll. C. disicum. Leaves narrower, about 2 lin. broad, on elongated and dwarf shoots a : 3 5 3 . 2, C.hildebrandtioides. 1. C. dioicum, Radlk. in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, vii. 412, A much-branched shrub with greyish bark; leaty branches slender, reaching 6—7 in. in length, bearing a dense yellowish-brown pubescence. Leaves ovate-elliptic, obtuse with shortly mucronate apex and rounded base, generally between 6-9 lin. long, 24-5 lin. broad, tomentose like the stem; petiole slender, tomentose, 14—2 lin. long. Flowers small, solitary or few in subsessile umbelliform axillary cymes. Bracts minute, linear, subacute, bearing, as do also the slender pedicels (about 3 lin. long), the characteristic pubescence. Sepals 5, subequal, obovate-elliptic, obtuse, barely 14 lin. long in the male flower, pubescent on the back, the two inner somewhat smaller and ovate; accrescent in fruit. Corolla shortly funnel-shaped, 3 lin. long, whitish (‘‘lactea”), deeply 5-fid ; lobes rather narrowly obovate, obtuse, midpetaline areas densely hairy. Stamens a little shorter than the corolla; filaments filiform, tapering, becoming broader, thickened and shortly hairy at the base; anthers oblong, 2 lin. long, replaced in the female flower by flattened sterile structures. Ovary (small in the male) surrounded by a ring-like dise, glabrous except for a few scattered hairs at the apex. Styles connate at the base; stigmas hippocrepiform. Capsule globose, about 1 lin. in diam., glabrous, 2-celled; cells 1-seeded by abortion ; pericarp thin, brittle; seeds (immature) black, glabrous.—Hallier f. in Engi. Jahrb. xviii. 87, and in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vil. 62. Hvolvulus Lave, Schweint. in Herb. Erythr. Nos. 647, 1606, et ex Penzig in Atti Congr. Bot. Geneva, 1892, 351; Deflers in Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. xliii. 121; Capua im Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 224. Hippocrepistigma fruticosum, Deflers, l.c. Nile Land. Eritrea, between 1000 and 4000 ft.: Habab, 3000 ft., Hildebrandt, 489! Terraciano & Pappi, 483, 506; Samhar, 1000 ft., Terraciano § Pappi, 2439, 2440; Mensa, 2000 ft., Verraciano & Pappi, 1708. Upper Lawa Valley, Schwein- furth, 1606; Damas Valley, Schweinfurth & Riva, 647! Aidereso, Schweinfurth & Rivu, 1611 ; Haddas Valley, Schweinfurth, 473. Also in Arabia. 2. C. hildebrandtioides, Hallier f. in Ann. Isiit. Bot. Roma, vii. 224 (name only), and in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 63. A dicecious shrub, 3 to 10 ft. high, covered with silvery-grey forked hairs; branches 72 XC. CONVOLVULACE# (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Cladostigma. numerous, slender (1-15 lin. thick), elongated, finally leafless. and spinescent at the tip, ultimate branchlets shortened, tuberculiform. Leaves scattered on the elongated branches, fascicled on the dwarf shoots (25-9 lin. long, about 2 lin. broad), very variable in form, narrowly oblong, oblong-lanceolate or obovate, obtuse or emarginate, base acute, tapering into the very short petiole, adpressed hairy on both surfaces. Flowers small, solitary, generally fascicled with the leaves on the dwarf shoots; pedicels slender, about equal to the flowers, rearing a pair of minute linear bracts near the base. Sepals subequal, thinly membranous, silvery-silky on the back, in the male about | lin. long, ovate and subobtuse, in the female obovate-spathulate, nearly equal to the corolla, 3 lin. long and nearly as broad; in the fruit rather rigid, spreading, longitudinally 5- neve and transversely veined. Corolla campanulate, funnel-shaped, 34 lin. long; lower part of tube sub- globose, upper campanulate ; lobes equal in length to the tube, elliptic- orate, pack silky, edges glabrous. Stamens Shovtes than the corolla, glabrous ; filaments filiform , Subulate, dilated gradually towards the base ; anthers oblong, absent in the female. Disc in male flower thick, 5-lobed ; sterile pistil cone-shaped, long-haired ; styles as long as the stamens, each ending in a deeply cordate 5-lobed stigma. Disc in female flower small, 5-lobed ; ovary subglobose ; styles filiform, twice as long as the ovary; stigmas large, exserted, forked, branches irregularly pinnately lobed. Capsule shortly ovoid, 4-valved, 4-seeded.—Engl. Jahrb. xxxiv. 154, fig. 1. C. dioicwm, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. i11. 414, not of Radlk. Nile Land. Somaliland: Abdallah, Keller, 48; Boran, Tarro Gumbi, Hllen- beck, 2076; Djaro, Hllenbeck, 2061; Bunder Gumbi, Ellenbeck, 2079, and at Marta on the Ganane, Ellenbech, 2032. Gallaland: Rufa Plateau, Hllenbeck, 1069 ; between Ennia-Galla and Arussi-Galla, 1156, and on the Atshabo Plateau, Ellenbeck, 1105. 7. CRESSA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 881. Sepals coriaceous, obovate, subequal, imbricate. Corolla-tube campanulate ; lobes ovate, imbricate in bud, spreading. Stamens and styles exserted ; filaments filiform, glabrous; anthers oblong. Disc inconspicuous. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; styles distinct from the base ; stigmas capitate. Capsule 2-4-valved, usually 1-seeded. Seed glabrous, ‘shining ; cotyledons linear, plicate-—A much-branched, low- growing, suffrutescent perennial. Leaves small, entire, sessile. Flowers small, aggregated at the tip of the branchlets in bracteate spikes. One or a few closely allied species. 1. C. cretica, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 223. Stems slender, terete, woody, a few inches to a foot long, with numerous spreading or ascending, hairy, douse: leaved branchlets. Leaves ovate to lanceo- late, acute, sessile, t_l in. long. Flowers aggregated in dense spikes at the end of the ibremchiets: each bracteated by a reduced leaf. Calyx hairy, 14 lin. long. Sepals concave, obovate, subacute. Corolla about i Oressa. | XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 73 21 lin. long ; tube cylindrical, enveloped by the calyx; lobes narrowly ovate, thou as long as the tube, hairy on the outside. Stamens rather longer than the corolla. Capsule ovoid, 14-2 lin. long. Pericarp thin, brittle. Seed ovoid, glabrous. —Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 440; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 724; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 87, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Rane Vill., 222. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Heudelot! Leprieur ! Roger! Nile Land. Nubia: near Suakin, Schweinfurth, 2164, Johnston | Soudan, Lecard. Fritrez: Dahlak Archipelago, Zerraciano, 262, 682, 774, 852, 8753 Samhar, Ragazzi § Pappi, 1249; Assaorta, Pappi, 79. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes, Welwitsch, 6187! 6139! Gossweiler 66! Benguella, Welwitsch, 6138 ! Also in North Africa, Socotra, Madagascar, and damp sandy places, especially by the sea, in both hemispheres. 8. SEDDERA, Hochst. in Flora, 1844, Beil. 7, t. 5. Sepals acute or obtuse, subequal or the outer slightly larger. Corolla funnel-shaped; lobes very short, or longer. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform, dilated at the base and often appendaged; anthers oblong. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled, hairy at the apex; style bifid almost or quite to the base ; stigmas more or less peltate and orbicular, sometimes bilobed. Capsule 4-valved, valves thinly rigid. Seeds dark brown or black, glabrous; cotyledons broad, plicate.—Small shrubs, with prostrate to suberect branches, sometimes spinescent. Leaves entire, small. Flowers axillary, solitary or aggre- gated into terminal spikes or into stalked or sessile dense few- flowered eymes. Corolla small, 6 lin. or less in diam. Species about 15, chiefly African and Arabian. Spinescent with very simall leaves, 4 lin. or less in length. Corolla 3 lin. long . ; : : : : . 1. S. somalensis. Corolla bareiy 2 lin. long. Leaves 3-41 n. long. é 5 5 . 2. 8. intermedia. Leaves not exceeding 23 lin. hoes : . 3. S. spinescens. Spinescent with rather larger leaves, About 6 lin. lone . A, S. hirsuta. Not spinescent. Leaves narrow linear ‘ ; . . 5. S. virgata. Leaves more or less elliptic to panto. Flowers solitary in the leaf-axils. Flowers subsessile ; corolla not exceeding the calyx : : 6 . c c . 6. 8, latifolia. Flowezs stalked. Plant barely 4 in. high 7. S. humilis. Stems about 1 ft. high. Flower-stalk long; bracteoles minute . 8. S. arabica. Flower-stalk short ; bracteoles leafy . - 9. S. capensis. Flowers in dense eloncred cymes. Sepals about 2 lin. long. Cymes subsessile . : 6 : . 10. 8. suffruticosa. Cy mes on short slender metluncles ¢ . 11. S. Welwitschit. Sepals Llin. long . : ; : . 12. 8. schizantha. 74 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [ Seddera. 1. S. somalensis, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 90. A much- branched shrub; branchlets slender, rigid, densely clothed with soft whitish hairs. Leaves rigid, elliptic, obtuse, mucronate, 3—4 lin. long, subsessile, densely pubescent on both sides. Flowers axillary, solitary, on peduncles as long or longer than the leaves; bracteoles minute. Sepals rather rigid, obovate, with acute herbaceous apex, pubescent, subequal, 2 lin. long. Corolla 3 lin. long ; expanded limb 4 lin. in diam.; filaments glabrous, the dilated base inconspicuously appendaged. Styles free from the base. Ovary ovoid, hairy at the top. Capsule ovoid-globose, 2 lin. in diam., splitting by 4 thin rigid valves. Seeds blackish, glabrous.—breweria somalensis, Vatke in Linnea, xliil. 523. 6. hispida, Franchet, Sert. Somal, 43. Nile Land. Somaliland: Serut Mountains, near Maid, 5000 ft., Hildebrandt, 1562! Adda Galla, James ¥ Thrupp! Darra, Donaldson Smith ! 2. S. intermedia, Hochst. d& Steud. in Plora, 1844, Beil. 8. An undershrub, about a foot high; branches spreading, with whitish silky hairs; branchlets subspinose, terete. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 3-4 lin. long, sessile, more or less silvery-silky. Flowers 3-4, distant at the end of the branchlets, sessile in the axils of the upper leaves. Sepals ovate-acuminate, | lin. long, whitish silky on the outside. Corolla scarcely twice as long as the calyx, tubular-funnel-shaped, sub- villous at the apex.—Choisy in DC, Prodr. ix. 440. Breweria intermedia, Hochst. 1. c.; Terraciano in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, v. 104. Wile Land. Eritrea: Ferehan Volcano, Hamfilah Bay, Zerraciano. 3. S. spinescens, Peter in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 89. A dwarf sar- mentose undershrub, with a thick woody base; young branchlets and leaves clothed with yellowish silky hairs, the former becoming leafless and spinescent at the end. Leaves very small, not exceeding 23 lin. long to about 1 lin. broad, sessile, ovate-lanceolate to elliptic, compli- cate and recurved at the tip, growing gradually smaller upwards and obsolete towards the end of the branchlets. Flowers very small, solitary in the axils of the leaves, sessile. Sepals equal, subelliptic, narrowing to the base, acute, 14 lin. long. Corolla silky, very little longer than the calyx, less than 2 lin. Stamens subequal, glabrous, base dilated into a pair of short lateral auric’es. Ovary ovoid, hirsute at the apex. Style divided nearly to the base ; stigmas hardly clavate, Capsule very small, shortly ovoid, barely 14 lin. in diam., silky at the apex, 4-valved. Seeds 4, glabrous, dark brown.— Lreweria (2) sp., Vatke in Linnea, xlii. 524. Nile Land. Somaliland: near Yafir, in the Ahl Mountains, 6500 ft., Hilde- brandt, 890! 4. S. hirsuta, Dammer ex Hallier f. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 224, A spiny, branched undershrub, 8-12 in. high, in its foliaceous bracts and sepals showing an affinity with S. capensis, but in habit approaching nearer S. latifolia. Branches strict, virgate, erecto- — patent from a common stem or the outer decumbent, woody, terete, | a Pe ee Seddera. | XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 75 sparsely pubescent, like the leaves and bracts, with spreading forked hairs, becoming spiny at the tip after flowering, leafless in fruit. Leaves sessile, erect, up to 7 lin. long by 24 lin. broad, elliptic-lanceolate. mucronate, yellow-silky when young. Flowers axillary, sessile, solitary or geminate; bracts leaf-like, about 2 lin. long and # lin. broad. Sepals herbaceous, green, the 2 outer 32 lin. long, produced from a firmer ovate convex yellow-hirsute base, 1 lin. broad, into a long foliaceous linear-subspathulate apex; the 3 inner shorter. Corolla white, about 4 lin. long, tawny-silky on the outside, except on the com- missural segments, deeply 5-fid; lobes subovate. Filaments with a small crenulate stipule-like tooth on each side of the glabrous base. Ovary densely hirsute; style bifid nearly to the base with subequal branches ; stigmas 2, minute, subreniform-peltate. Capsule very shortly stalked, barely 3 lin. long, glabrous, 4-valved. Seeds 4, barely 13 lin. long, trigonous, glabrous, dirty-brown. Nile Land. Galla Country: near the River Dana, at Agualedoio, Riva, 465 ; and at Dolo, Riva, 1189; Malka Korokoro, near the River Tana, Thomas, 94. 5. S. virgata, Hochst. &: Steud. in Flora, 1844, Beil. 8, t.5, figs. 1-10. A much-branched undershrub; branches long, very slender, clothed with adpressed white hairs. Leaves distant, sessile, linear to narrowly linear-lanceolate, ascending, margins sometimes convolute, $—1 in. long, thinly clothed with adpressed white hairs. Flowers arranged in sparse racemes at the end of the branchlets; pedicels short, bracteate at the base by reduced leaves. Sepals rigid with herbaceous tip, obovate, subacute, subequal, 14 lin. long. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, 3 lin, long, densely hairy on the midpetaline areas. Base of filaments triangu- lar, not appendaged, glabrous ; styles free almost from the base ; stigmas suborbicular. Ovary ovoid, hairy at the top. Capsule globose, 2 lin. in diam., splitting into 4 thinly rigid valves. Seeds black, glabrous.— Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 440; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 90; Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 221. Breweria virgata, Vatke in Linnea, xlii. 523. Nile Land. Nubia: Wadi Omareg, Schweinfurth, 419! Uaratab Mountain, Schweinfurth, 2179! ritrea: Hamfila Bay, Terraciano, 58; Samhar, Terraciano & Pappi, 27,46; Assaorta, Pappi, 14, 29, 75; ucar Saati, Schweinfurth § Riva, 580! Bure Peninsula, Hildebrandt, 732! Also in Arabia. 6. S. latifolia, Hochst. ¢& Steud. in Flora, 1844, Beil. 8, t. 5, figs. B, ©. A much-branched, low under-shrub with slender, woody branchlets, clothed with dense, short, velvety-white pubescence. Leaves broadly elliptic, rigidulous, shortly stalked, 2-4 lin. long, clothed with short adpressed white hairs above and beneath, apex and base generally rounded, the former sometimes inconspicuously mucronate. Flowers subsessile, solitary in the axils of the leaves or aggregated into short bracteated terminal spikes. Sepals subequal, obovate, coriaceous and rigid with acute herbaceous apex, 2 lin. long, back pubescent like the leaves. Corolla not exceeding the calyx; limb 2 lin. in diam. when 76 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). [ Seddera. expanded ; tips of midpetaline areas densely hairy. Stamens equal, glabrous ; filaments dilated at the base, with short rounded appendages. Ovary obovoid, upper portion hirsute ; style divided to the base; stigmas orbicular. Capsule 14 lin. in diam., splitting into 4 rigid valves. Seeds narrowly ovoid, blackish, glabrous, 1 lin. long.—-Choisy in DC, Prodi. ix. 440; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 88; Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii, 221 (incl. varieties). Breweria argentea, Terrac. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, v. 104. 2B. evolvuloides, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 523, not of Choisy. B. latifolia, Hochst. 1.c.; Clarke in Hook. f. Fl, Brit. Ind. iv. 224. Cressa latifolia. TV. Anders. in Journ. Linn. Soe. v. Suppl.i. 25 (excl. syn.). Nile Land. Macaur Island, on the Nubian coast, Schweinfurth, 2158! Eritrea: Bure Peninsula, Hildebrandt, 7413! Ailet, Hhrenberg ; Massowa, Sambar. Hildebrandt, 733! Mount Ghedem, near Massowa, 500-1000 ft., Schweinfurth ¥ Riva, 109! Hamfilah Bay, Zerraciano, 19! Assaorta, numerous localities, Terra- ciano ¥ Pappi. Abyssinia: near Gageros, 3500 ft., Schimper, 2287 ! Also in Socotra, and through Arabia to Scind and the Punjab. S. humilis, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviti. 89. A dwarf much- branched undershrub, scarcely 4 in. high, clothed all over with grey somewhat silky hairs. Leaves dense, subsessile, small, broadly elliptic, acute or mucronate; lower shorter, suborbicular. Flowers solitary, axillary, forming a spike; pedicels short, bearing above the mee a pair of minute subulate bracteoles. Sepals subequal, ovate, acute, 1} lin. long. Corolla white, more than twice as long as the calyx, broadly funnel-shaped, almost entire ; midpetaline areas sparsely silky outside. Stamens included. Styles reaching to the tip of the corolla; stigmas small, flattened above. Capsule very small, acute, 4-valved, silky at the apex ; seeds glabrous. Wozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Masailand, Fischer, 29. 8. S. arabica, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 441. A much-branched under-shrub ; branchlets slender, clothed with yellowish pubescence. Leaves elliptic, subsessile, 4—7 lin. long, obtuse, mucronate, rounded at the base, pubescent on both surfaces. Peduncles axillary, 3-1 in. long, usually 1-flowered ; bractecles linear, minute. Sepals subequal, elliptic to obovate, coriaceous with herbaceous acute apex, pubescent, barely 2 lin. long. Corolla twice as long as the calyx; expanded limb 3 lin. in diam. Capsule globose, 4-valved, 2 lin. long. Styles free from the base.—Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 90; Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, villi. 220 (incl. vars.). Breweria oxycarpa, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 76; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 92; Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 524. B. evolvuloides, R. Br. in Salt, Abyss. Append. lxiv. not of Choisy. Cressa arabica, Forsk. Fl. Augypt.-Arab. 54. Nile Land. Nubia: Erkowit Mountain, Schweinfurth, 252! Hor Tamanib, Lord! Eritrea: Bogos, Hildebrandt, 658B! near Saati, Schweinfurth g Riva, 591! Habab, Zerraciano & Pappi, 602, 603, 649, 739, 880, 909; Mensa, Terra- ciano ¥ Beds 2260; Assaorta, Dornan § Pappi, 18; Samhar, Terraciano 5 Papp, ; Abyssinia: hills near Adganna, Schimper, 1015! near Dehli-Dikeno, 4000 ra cane and without apreciee locality, Salt ! Also in Arabia. Seddera. | XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). a0 9. S. capensis, //allier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 529. An under- shrub with tufted prostrate to suberect stems under a foot long, clothed with lax ascending brown hairs. Leaves nearly sessile, ellip- tic to ovate-elliptic, 6—9 lin. long, obtuse, often shortly mucronate, surfaces and margins more or less pilose, especially on the veins. Flowers solitary, on short axillary peduncles; bracts lanceolate, as long as the calyx. Calyx 4 lin. long; sepals herbaceous, becoming coriaceous ut the base, ovate-lanceolate, the inner lanceolate, acute, bearing long hairs on the back and margin. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, pinkish- white, 6 lin. long; midpetaline areas densely hairy on the limb. Stamens included, subequal; filaments glabrous, gradually broadening at the base, not dentate. Ovary hairy at the top; style branched nearly from the base; stigmas subpeltate, bilobed. Capsule glabrous, shorter than the calyx, 24 lin.long. Seeds blackish, glabrous.__Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1902,189. volvulus capensis, E. Meyer in Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 46; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 444; Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 86. Breweria capensis, Baker in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. 11. 80. Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Salisbury, Hand, 126! Gardner ! Also in South Africa. 10. S. suffruticosa, Hallier f. in Hngl. Jahrb. xviii. 88. Suftruti- cose; stems erect or spreading, leafy, 1 ft. or more long, with minute: adpressed hairs. Leaves shortly petioled, firm, oblong, shortly acute, about 1 in. long, densely hairy like the stem on both surfaces. Flowers in few-flowered dense subsessile axillary cymes, rarely solitary. Calyx hairy, 24 lin. long. Sepals with an acute herbaceous apex from a tougher ovate base. Corolla white, 3 lin. long, subentire, midpetaline areas Sparingly hirsute. Stamens reaching nearly to the top of the lobes. Capsule broadly ovoid, sparingly hirsute at the apex, about 14 lin. in diam. ; seeds 4, black, glabrous.—Hallier f.in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 531. Seddera mucronata, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 88. Breweria suffruticosa, Schinz in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 275. B. baccha- voides, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 68. B. sessiliflora, Baker, 1.c. Convolvulus mucronatus, Engl. Jahrb. x. 246. Wozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Umba Valley, Smith’ Portuguese Hast Africa : Zambesi Valley between Tette and the coast, and between Senna and Lupata, Kirk / British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kwebe, 3000 ft.. Lugard,,. 184! Mrs. Lugard, 203 ! Var. hirsutissima, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 5381. Plant more robust and more densely hairy ; leaves generally larger than in the species, to nearly 14 in. long by 1 in. broad.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.i. 725. 8S. conglomerata, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1008. Breweria conglomerata, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 68. Lower Guinea. Angola; Loanda and Barra do Dande, Welwitsch, 6160! Loanda, Gossweiler, 150! 375! 11. S. Welwitschii, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 88. A delicate undershrub with long slender flexuose branching prostrate stems, thinly clothed with short adpressed hairs. Leaves some- 78 XC, CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE), | Seddera. what membranous, nearly sessile, distant, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, mucronate, about 9 lin., rarely to 2 in. long, sparsely adpressed- hairy on both surfaces. Flowers few (3 or more) in a capitate ceyme on short slender erecto-patent peduncles rarely up _ to 9 lin. long, with a pair of small lanceolate bracts subtending each head. Sepals subequal, eliiptic-ovate, shortly acute, back and margin sparsely hairy, barely 2 lin. long. Corolla white, 3 lin. long; tube narrowly funnel-shaped ; limb 5-partite; lobes spreading, blunt, the median areas hirsute. Stamens subequal, projecting at the mouth of the corolla; filaments narrowing gradually from the base, not dentate ; ovary hairy at the top; style bifid to the base; stigmas peltate, bilobulate. Capsule globose, glabrous, 13 lin. in diam. Seeds ovoid, dark brown, glabrous.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 724. Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda, Welwitsch, 6151! 6152! 6153! 6154! Gossweiler ! Var. Bakeri, Hiern in Cat. Afr, Pl. Welw. i. 725. Stems shorter, less branched, more densely leaved, whole plant pubesceut.—Seddera Welwitsehii, var., Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1009. Breweria microcephala, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 68. Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda; near Mutollo, Welwitsch, 6157! Icoloe Bengo, Welwitsch, 6158! Libongo, Welwitsch, 6159! 12. S. schizantha, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 5382. An erect, much-branched undershrub ; branches terete, subfuscous, sparsely covered with a minute adpressed pubescence, again branched above; branchlets slender, divaricate, subflexuose. Leaves very shortly petioled, ovate-elliptic, obtuse, minutely mucronate, 1 in. long, 4 lin. broad, grass-green, with sparse adpressed hairs on both surfaces. Peduncles about as long as the leaves, solitary or geminate in the leaf-axils, filiform, strictly erecto-patent, ending in a dense dichasium or a single unilateral cyme, collected into a panicle at the end of the branchlets ; bracts and bracteoles minute, lanceolate, approximate at the top of the peduncles; pedicels short, filiform, 1-14 lin. long. Flowers small. Sepals chartaceous, with a sparsely ciliolate membranous margin, sub- -orbicular, 1 lin. long. Corolla 2 lin. long, whitish, cut down to the calyx into 5 ovate obtuse lobes, silky outside, except at the membranous edges, with adpressed unequally forked hairs. Stamens shorter than the corolla; filaments glabrous, abruptly dilated at the base. Ovary ovoid, hairy at the top with a few forked hairs; styles free; stigmas -subpeltate, flattened, suborbicular with subemarginate base. Capsule glabrous, 4-valved ; seeds 4, minute, glabrous, black. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes, Newton. ¥). BONAMIA, Thouars, Hist. Veg. Afr. i. 17, t. 8, extens. (Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 804). Sepals in African species coriaceous, equal or the outer a little longer than the inner. Corolla small, funnel- shaped, white or blue, hairy on the outside except on the commissural areas ; midpetaline Bonamia. | XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 79 areas not sharply defined. Stamens and styles included; filaments dilated and hairy below ; anthers oblong with cordate base. Disc inconspicuous or absent. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled, hairy at the apex (in African species); style (in African species) with two unequal branches bearing two globose stigmas. Capsule 2-celled, 4-seeded, opening by + valves. Seeds glabrous.—African species shrubby climbers with oblong to lanceolate short-stalked leaves, and dense usually many-flowered cymes (few-flowered in B. minor), About 30 species, widely distributed in the tropics ; 3 in Tropical Africa, Stems clothed with brown hairs, Bracts large; flowers blue : : : é . Ll. B. mossambicensis. Bracts small; flowers white. : . 6 . 2. B. cymosa. Stems glabrous . : : 4 i 6 . . 3. B. minor. 1. B. mossambicensis, /ullier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 91. A climber with woody stems, clothed with brown hairs. Leaves sub- coriaceous, shortly petioled, elliptic, oblong, subobtuse, mucronate, 1-2 in. long, 5-10 lin. broad, thinly pubescent above, densely coated with brown hairs beneath ; petiole 2—3 lin. long. Peduncles axillary, many- flowered, about as long as the cymes; bracts large, elliptic to obovate, acute, 6 lin. long and 3 lin. broad, covered on back and margin with a rusty tomentum. Sepals thinly glumaceous, elliptic-oblong, acute, unequal, the outer 3 lin. long, glabrous except the apex, Corolla bright blue, campanulate-funnel-shaped, 9 lin. long, not distinctly lobed. Ovary hairy at the apex, 2-celled, 4-ovuled ; style unequally bifid above the middle; stigmas obovate, globose, granulate. Capsule and seeds unknown.—Hallier, f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 996; Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 328. Breweria buddleoides, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 69. Prevostea mossambicensis, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 244, t. 39. Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa : Usaramo; Dar es Salem, Stuhlmann, 8467; Kisserawe, Stuhlmann, 6178; and without precise locality, Stuhlmann, 105, 6166; by the Rovuma River, Kirk! Portuguese East Africa: Rio de Sena Peters. 2. B. cymosa, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 91. A woody climber, reaching 12 ft. long; stems slender, terete, densely clothed with short brown hairs. Leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate, sub- coriaceous, shortly petioled, 1-3 in. long, obtuse with mucronulate apex, rounded at the base, green and glabrous above with sunk nerves when dry, matted with brown hairs and with prominent nerves beneath. Cymes dense, many-flowered, usually secund on short peduncles or congested into a terminal panicle; bracts minute; pedicels short, silky. Sepals oblong-lanceolate to ovate, shortly acuminate, 4 lin. long, the inner slightly shorter, glumaceous, ferruginously silky on the back. Corolla white, twice as long as the calyx, obscurely lobed, ferruginously silky except on the commissural areas. Style bifid only above the middle. Capsule globose, rigid, glabrous, as long as the calyx. Seeds black, glabrous.—Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 996. Breweria secunda, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 470. Convolvulus 80 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Bonamia. cymosus, Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. iv. 303. C. Senegambiaw, Spreng. Syst.1.610. Lpomea Afzelii, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 373. J. secunda, Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 282; Choisy l.c. 390. JZ. Senegambice, Choisy 1.c. 301. Upper Guinea. Gambia, Jngram! Sierra Leone, Don! Simeathman ! Afzelius! Barter! Hart! Morson! Stormont! Scott-Elliot, 3930! 4170! 5599 ! 5835! 5836! Liberia: near Monrovia, Whyte Ashanti: Assin Yan Kumassi, Cummins, 165! Lagos, Barter, 2227! 20167! Millen, 34! Cameroons: Barombi, Preuss, 268 ; Batanga, Dinklage, 684, 3. B. minor, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 91. Stem shrubby, climbing, glabrous, finely striate. Leaves shortly petioled, lanceolate- obovate, above an inch long, 6 lin. broad, subacute, mucronate, narrowed gradually to the base, glabrous above and becoming so beneath, fascicled in the leaf axils at the lower nodes; petiole about 2 lin. long. Cymes 1-3-flowered, shortly peduncled, subspicate at the end of the branchlets ; peduncle and pedicels about 2 lin. long. Calyx ovoid, silky ; sepals equal, elliptic, coriaceous. Corolla funnel-shaped, subentire, silky outside on the midpetaline areas, about 7 lin. long.—Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 999. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga: Lukafu, Verdeck, 592. Lo- mami River, Pogge, 1214. Kazembe River, a tributary of ihe Lualaba River, Descamps. 10. NEUROPELTIS, Wall. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 878. Sepals subequal, much imbricated. Corolla deeply 5-lobed ; lobes induplicate-valvate; stamens inserted in the corolla-tube ; filaments filiform ; anthers oblong. Disc very small. Ovary imperfectly 2-celled, 4-ovuled ; styles distinct from the base, simple; stigmas peltate, flattened. Capsule coriaceous, l-seeded. Seed globose, glabrous ; embryo plicate-—Wide-climbing shrubs, with woody stems. Leaves subcoriaceous, glabrous, entire, petioled. Flowers small, white, forming a panicle with racemose branches; bracts very accrescent, in a late stage scariose, bearing fruit in the centre. Species 4, two in Tropical Asia. Branches and leaves not ferruginously hairy ; . 1. N. acuminata. Branches and undersurface of leaves densely ferru- ginously hairy . : : : : : . 2. N, velutina. 1. N. acuminata, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 469. A shrubby climber, 30-40 ft. high, with stout woody stems bearing soft adpressed hairs in the younger parts. Leaves elliptic tending to obovate, 24—4 in. long, cuspidate, rounded to subdeltoid at the base, subcoriaceous, glabrous to glabrescent; petiole 1 in. long. Flowers in cylindrical terminal and axillary racemes 5-6 in. long on the shorter branches ; rhachis with short ferruginous hairs. Pedicels short, becoming 6—9 lin. long in the fruiting stage, and adnate to a scarious orbicular bract 14-2 in. long and broad. Sepals orbicular, with ciliate margins, | lin. Neuropeltis.| XC, CONVOLYULACEM (BAKER AND RENDLE), 81 long. Corolla 3 lin, long, with a short tube and 5 widely spreading elliptic-ovate lobes, Stamens as long as the corolla, Ovary cone- shaped, densely ferruginously hairy; styles sparsely pilose; stigmas peltate with two long, flattened, irregularly lobulate branches. Capsule ovoid, glabrous, 3 lin. long; pericarp rather thin, splitting lengthwise. Hallier f, in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 92. Porana acuminata, Beauv. FI. Owar, i. 66, t. 89; Choisy in DC. Prodr, ix, 436. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Don/ Oware, Beauvois! Cameroons: Victoria, Kalbreyer, 11! Bipinde, Zenker, 1934! 12385! 2. N. velutina, //uaillier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 374. A climbing shrub; branches rather thick, terete, densely clothed with ferruginous hairs. Leaves shortly petioled, obovate-elliptic, 4 in, long by nearly half as broad, cuspidate at the apex, subcordate at the base, hairy only on the ribs above, densely ferruginous, velvety beneath ; lateral nerves about 7 each side, erecto-patent. Flowers absent ; fruits numerous, crowded in a long branched pyramidal terminal panicle more than 1 ft. long and nearly as broad; lateral branches solitary in the axils of ordinary foliage leaves, slender erecto-patent, simple or sparsely branched. Bracts with a short thin pedicel, suborbicular, up to 2 in. long, subacuminate at the base and apex, ending in a filiform ferru- ginous mucro. Sepals suborbicular, 1 lin. long, obtuse or subacute, ferrugineo-tomentose. Capsule ovoid, 38—4 lin. long, glabrous, inde- hiscent. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Batanga, Dinklage, 786, 1009. 11. PREVOSTEA, Choisy in Ann. Sci. Nat. sér. i. iv. (1823) 497, Sepals membranous to subcoriaceous, in African species ovate to orbicular, blunt, or the inner shortly acute, the 2 outer larger than the inner and accrescent, forming large membranous structures in the fruit. Corolla moderate to small, urceolate or campanulate, apparently generally white, lobes large or small, spreading. Stamens and styles included ; filaments dilated at the base, generally glabrous. Style long, unequally divided, rarely to the middle. Stigmas broad, ellipsoidal to globose. Fruit 1-celled and 1-seeded (where known).—Climbing shrubs with large elliptic subcoriaceous leaves. Flowers rather small, in sessile or subsessile axillary cymes. Species 9, two in South America, one in Madagascar, and six in Tropical Africa, Corolla urceolate. Corolla more than 6 lin. long . : : : . IL. P. africana. Corolla 3 lin. long . . BP. micrantha. Corolla campanulate bo Corolla more than lin. long . ; : : . 3. P. campanulata, Corolla not exceeding 1 in. Outer sepals less than 3 lin. long . . . . 4. P. Heudelotii. Outer sepals 4 lin. long : 6 : . . 5. PB. Cabre. VOL. IVY.—SEC. 2 G 82 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Prevostea. 1. P. africana, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 469, t. 46. A climbing shrub; branchlets slender, woody, subglabrous, dark brown. Leaves narrowly obovate-oblong, abruptly long-acuminate, subcoriaceous, glabrous above, glabrescent below, 5-6 in. long, 14—2 in. broad at the middle, narrowed gradually to the base; petiole 6-9 lin.long. Flowers 2—5 in cymes sessile in the axils of the leaves; bracts minute, linear, ferrugineo-pubescent ; pedicels slender, obscurely pubescent, barely 1 lin. long. Outer sepals broadly cordate-ovate, obtuse, the outermost reaching 6 lin. long, the 8 inner much smaller, ovate, acute, all sparsely puberulous. The outer larger, forming in the fruit a flat membranous reticulately veined suborbicular structure with cordate base and overlapping lobes 2-24 in. long, the inner allhipseneral sunilar in texture but smaller, about 14 ‘in. long. Corolla whitish, 3—# in. long ; tube suburceolate ; limb spreading ; lobes short, broad. Stamens shorter than the corolla-tube; filaments dilated at the base, glabrous. Style bifid but not to the middle. Stigmas large, peltately ellipsoidal. Dise obsolete. Ovary incompletely 2-celled, 4-ovuled. Fruit 1-celled, 1-seeded, presumably indehiscent but not seen ripe-—/P. alterni- folia, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 92; Dammer in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. Beibl. 57, 57. Codonanthus africanus, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 166. C. alternifolia, Planch. in Hook. Ie. t.796. Breweria Codonanthus, Baker ex Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. 2276. B. alternifolia, Radikof. in Abhandl. Nat. Ver. Bremen, vili. 413 in note. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Kafogo, Scott-Elliot, 5518! and with- out precise locality, Don! Lagos, Moloney! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 713! 799! Bipinde, Zenker, 2662! 2. P. micrantha, Dammer in Engl. Jahrb. xxiii. 57. A shrub 7-9 ft. high; branches long, slender, densely puberulous when young, ultimately glabrous. Leaves elliptic or obovate, nearly 43 in. long and 24 in. wide, apex long acuminate, base rounded to truncate ; median nerve adpr essed puberulous beneath , ultimately glabrous ; petiole barely 6 lin. long, adpressed puberulous. Flowers 6-8, on very short axillary puberulous peduncles, 1} lin. long. Two outer sepals cordate- ovate, membranous, 2 lin. long, sparsely puberulous outside, the three inner ovate, acute, 1 lin. long, with ciliate margin. Corolla about 4 lin. long, white, urceolate; tube very short, sparsely puberulous | below the ovate acute lobes. Stamens unequal, filaments less than 1 lin. long, thickened at the base, puberulous to the middle. Ovary ovoid, glabrous; style 3 lin. long, tripartite to the middle. Stigmas orbicular, glabrous. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Johann-Albrechtshéhe, Staudt, 637 ! 3. P. campanulata, X. Schum ex Peter in Engl. & Prantl, Pflan- zenfam. iv. 3A. 17. A climbing shrub; branchlets slender pubescent. Leaves obovate-oblong, cuspidate, subcori iaceous, 8—5 in. long, 14-3 in. broad, narrowed from the middle toa rounded base, shining and glabrous above, opaque and pubescent beneath; petiole under 1 in. long. “Flowers in sessile axillary cymes ; pedicels silky, under 1 in. long. Calyx 4—6 Prevostea. | XC. CONVOLVULACE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 83 lin. long at the fowering time; sepals very unequal, the outer orbicular, very accrescent, finally scariose, 2 in. in diam. Corolla campanulate, pubescent, 11-2 in. long to ist in. in diam.; lobes ovate. Stamens shorter than the corolla-tube. ‘Style bifid to the middle. Capsule not seen.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 92; De Wild. & Durand in Comptes-rendus Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxix. 71. Breweria campanuata, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 68. 5. mirabilis, Baker ex Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2276. Upper Guinea. Gaboon: Munda; Sibange Farm, Soyausx, 79, 80 ! 4. P. Heudelotii, Yullier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1009. A elimb- ing shrub; branchlets terete, glabrous, woody, pale brown. Leaves ovate-elliptic, obtuse, shortly acuminate, comaceous, glabrous on both surfaces, rounded at the base, 38-5 in. long, 2—2? in. broad; petiole 3-1 in. long. Flowers ordeded in the leaf-axils; peduncle none ; pedicels aroma, up to 6 lin. long, densely hoary, pubescent, like the bracteoles and calyx, with a pair of small opposite ovate-elliptic, con- cave bracteoles at the middle about 1 lin. song Outermost sepal sub- coriaceous, orbicular, with subcordate base, 24 lin. long, the second similar but rather narrower, the 3 inner suborbicular, 2 lin. long, much thinner, the 2 outer enlarging in the fruit as in P. africana, Corolia 4-1 in. long; tube campanulate; lobes spreading, ovate, 4 lin. long. Stamens included in the corolla-tube; filaments glabrous. Style un- equally bifid above the middle. Fruit as in P. africana.—Breweria Heudelotii, Baker ex Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2276, and in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 68. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 864! Sierra Leone: Duunia, Talla Hills, Scott-Eiliot, 5018! Berria, Falaba, Scott-Hiliot, 5230! Mount Gonkwi, Scott-Elliot, 4866 ! Var. minor, Rendle. Leaves up to 33 in. long by 2 in. broad; lateral veins 7-8 on each side, more regular than in the type. Cor olla 8-9 lin. long, narrower with smaller and less spreading lobes. Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: Dawodu, 585! Aburi Hills, Johnson, 614! 5. P. Cabrae, De Wild. & Durand in Comptes-rendus Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxix. fase. 3, 70. A shrub 15-20 ft. high; branchlets terete, glabrous, lenticellate ; bark exfoliating, grey, scaly. Leaves petioled, elliptic, 2-3 in. long, ae 2 in. broad, apex cuneate and obtuse, cuneate or rather rounded at the base, quite glabrous on both surfaces ; nerves subopposite about 7 on each side of the midrib, slightly prominent beneath. Flowers fascicled about 7 together, axillary ; peduncle absent ; Beco slender, barely 6 lin. long, velvety as are the ovate basal bracts, 2 to nearly 14 in. long! (“ 1°5-3 cm.” ? mm. ). Outer sepals suborbicular, about 4 lin. long , obtuse, cordate at the base, hairy on both surfaces; inner similar but paler and half as long. Corolla 1 in. long, pilose outside, enlarged towards the 5-lobed apex; lobes triangular, obtuse, 3 lin, long. Filaments glabrous, about as long as the ‘corolla- tube ; Poriliers lanceolate, 1} lin. long. Ovary glabrous; style unequally bifid, 8 lin. long ; stigmas small, globular. 84 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Prevostea. Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Mayombe, Cadra, 88, 92. : I have not seen this species, but from the description it is evidently very closely allied to P. Heudelotii, scarcely differing, except in the somewhat larger sepals, unless we accept the measurement given for the bracts.—A. B. R. Imperfectly known species. 6. P. Poggei, Dammer ex Hallier f. in Mém. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. pl. 1. 88 (name only). South Central. Congo Free State: Lunda; Mukenge, Pogge, 1172, 1090. 12, DIPTEROPELTIS, Hallier f. in Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt. xvi. Beiheft. 3, 4, cam tab., and in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 28. ~ r Sepals 5, free, imbricate, unequal, the two outer ovate, jonger and broader than the three inner, very accrescent, and finally orbicular- reniform, looking like a wing to the capsule. Corolla much larger than the calyx, campanulate, deeply 5-fid. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla ; filaments filiform; anthers oblong. Disc small, cupular. Ovary conical, 1]-celled, 2-ovuled; style deeply bifid ; stigmas linear- oblong. Capsule small, ovoid-conical, splitting from the base into linear scales.—A climbing shrub with elliptic-obovate, weakly acuminate leaves, with entire to emarginate base. Flowers small in terminal or axillary narrow panicles, bearing remote, solitary or paired cincinnous cymes ; bracts and bracteoles minute, linear. Endemic, monotypic, 1. D. poranoides, Hallier f., ll. cc. 5, 29. A climbing shrub. Leaves elliptic-obovate, 24-4 in. long by half as broad, generally more or less acuminate, weakly mucronate, base rounded to emarginate, glabrescent on the upper surface, sparsely shortly hairy beneath, especially on the veins; lateral veins 6-7 on each side of the midrib, joining in intramarginal arches. Panicles axillary, long-peduncled, above a foot long, laxly many-flowered ; bracts minute, linear. Outer sepals 14 lin. Jong and broad, reaching 14 in. long by 14 bread in the fruit. Corolla small, white; lobes 4 lin. long by 38 lin. broad, ferrugineo-tomentose outside, Capsule 3 lin. long. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Lolodorf, 2000-2500 {t., Staudt, 287; Zenker, 1383 ! Bipinde, Zenker, 1781! 13. PORANA, Burm.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 876. Sepals subequal, oblong, very accrescent, finally rigid and spreading. Corolla campanulate or funnel-shaped; limb plicate, subentire or shortly lobed. Stamens included or slightly exserted ; filaments linear or filiform. Pollen unarmed, ellipsoid with 3 longitudinal folds. Disc annular or absent. Ovary 2-celled, 2- or 4-ovuled ; style long or short, Porana. | XC, CONVOLVULACER (BAKER AND RENDLE). 85 usually forked. Stigmas capitate. Fruit small, subglobose, 1-seeded, indehiscent or finally splitting. Seeds glabrous; cotyledons plicate. Stems wide-climbing. Leaves entire, usually petioled and cordate. Flowers purple, blue or white, generally very small, numerous, often (including the African species) panicled. Species 10, the others spread through Tropical Asia to North Australia. 1. P. densiflora, JHaillier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 93. Stems woody, climbing, glabrous. Leaves petioled, ovate, apex obtuse to acuminate, cuspidate, base entire to slightly cordate, glabrous, thin and membranous when dry, 2-3 in. long, 14-14 in. broad. Flowers very small, congested in clusters at the end of the main axis and branches of stalked axillary panicles, and forming a terminal panicle at the end of the branch. Younger portion of inflorescence and pedicels covered with pale brownish adpressed somewhat silky hairs, which occur also on the backs of the sepals and densely cover the unopened corolla. Sepals equal, barely 1 lin. long, coriaceous, orbicular. Corolla very small (4-4 in. long), broad funnel-shaped ; lobes lanceolate-oblong, emarginate, with broad membranous margins, strongly limited from the hairy midpetaline area. Styles 2; stigmas capitate; ovary globose, 4- ovuled. Fruit not seen. Nile Land. British Hast Africa: Rabai Hills, near Mombasa, Taylor / between Mombasa and Witu, Whyte ! Mozamb. Dist. German Eust Africa: Usambara; Duga, Holst, 3205! Buiti, Holst, 2379! Kiriamo, ex Dammer; and without precise locality, Fischer, 284. 14, JACQUEMONTIA, Choisy ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 874. Sepals subequal, or the outer broader, sometimes cordate at the base. Corolla funnel-shaped, 5-angled, obscurely 5-lobed. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube; filaments filiform or slightly dilated at the base; anthers oblong. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; style entire, filiform; stigmas 2, distinct, elliptic to orbicular, thick. Capsule globose, 2-celled, 4-valved. Seeds glabrous, scabridulous in the African species.—Herbs or shrubs, with twining or prostrate glabrous or hairy stems. Leaves usually cordate-ovate, entire. Flowers usually cymose or capitate, small, blue or white. Species 60 or more; the others American. Flowers densely crowded in heads. Corolla blue, twice as long as the calyx . ‘ . 1. J. capitata. Corolla white, equal to the calyx 2. J. thomensis. Flowers in few- to many-flowered cymes. Leaves more or less oval . . : ; 2 . 38. J. ovalifolia. Leaves cordate-ovate ; . ‘ ; 5 . 4 JS. paniculata. 1. J. capitata, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 283. Annual. Stems slender, twining or trailing, finely pilose. Leaves ovate, generally acute, 2-3 lin. long, base shallowly cordate or flat to shortly abruptly acute 86 XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [.Jacquemontia. dark green, glabrescent or more or Jess pilose (often ferruginously) on-both surfaces, margin pilose, thin; veins subprominent beneath; petiole shorter than the blade. Peduncle generally long, often exceeding the leaves. Flowers many ina dichotomously forked cyme forming a globose head, about 1 in. in diam., bracteated by reduced leaves with narrowing entire base, the inner becoming smaller and more hairy ultimately resembling the sepals. Calyx 24 lin. long, shaggy with soft brown hairs ; sepals subequal, lanceolate, acute. Corolla blue, fugacious, twice as long as the calyx. Capsule globular, about 2 lin. in diam., bright brown, glabrous; valves 4, brittle. Seeds 4, bright brown, scabridulous.—Hallier f, in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 95; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 725; Baker & Wright in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii. 69. Zpomea capitata, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 8365; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 467, Oliver in Trans. Linn. |Soc. xxix. 115; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, 204. J. guineensis,G. Don, ].¢.269. L. macropoda, Bojer, Hort. Maur. 229. 7. Convolvulus var. guineensis, Schum. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. PL 90. Convolvulus pycnantha, Hochst. ex Choisy in DC Prodr. ix. 365. Upper Guinea. Liberia: Cape Palmas, Vogel, 88! Senegal, Roger! Perrottet! Gold Coast: Accra, Ansell! Dahomey, Burton! Togo, Kling, 176 ; Warnecke, 245! Northern Nigeria, Barter ! Wile Land. Kordofan, Kotschy, 212! Pfund, 17! 142! 487! Cienkowsky. Moru, Petherick! Jur, Schweinfurth, 2384! Madi, Speke § Grant! British East Africa, Thomas, 206! Wakefield! Whyte! Kdssner, 34! Lower Guinea. Gaboon, Bittner, 387! Soyaux, 440! Lower Congo, Smith! Loango, Soyaux, 14 bis. Stanley Pool, Hens, B, 35! Lutete, Hens, A, 263! Dembo, Gilet; Kinchassa, Demeuvse; Bingila, Dupuis. Angola, Wel- witsch, 6215! 6216! 6217! 6218! Gossweiler, 276! 411! Monteiro! Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Bojer! Hildebrandt,991! German Kast Africa : Usambara; Holst, 2681! Portuguese East Africa: near Sena, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Valley, Scot(! Lukoma, Lake Nyasa, Belling- ham! Rhodesia; between Bulawayo and Zambesi, Hyles, 129! Also in South Africa, and the Mascarene Islands. Var. pauciflora, N. E. Br.—Heads of flowers smaller and less dense, 3-10- flowered. Wozamb. Dist. Ngamiland: Kwebe Hills, 3300 ft., Zugard, 183! Mrs. Lugard, 169 ! 2. J. thomensis, Henriq. in Bol. Soc. Brot. x. 143. Stem slender, twining, branched, pilose with reflexed hairs. Leaves lanceolate, cordate or sagittate at the base, mucronate, pilose, 14-3 in. long. ; petiole $-14 in. long. Clusters of flowers hairy, axillary, subsessile ; peduncle 1-1} lin. long; bracts linear, rarely longer than the pedicels ; pedicels 4-14 lin. long. Sepals linear-lanceolate, equal, 3 lin. long. Corolla white, campanulate, as long as the calyx, sparsely villous and densely ciliate at the lobes; ovary densely villous; stigma orbicular, flattened. Capsule villous, equal to the calyx, 4-valved. Seeds dull brown, minutely punctulate. Upper Guinea. Island of St, Thomas, Moller. Jacquemontia,| XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 87 Distinguished from Z. capitata by the shorter heads of flowers, and the form and size of the bracts. It may perhaps be the Zpomea No.9 of Hooker’s Niger Fl, 467. 3. J. ovalifolia, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 96. Annual or biennial. Stem branched from the base; branches slender, elongated, ascending, glabrous. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate to elliptic, entire, obtuse, narrowed to the base, #-1# in. long, glabrous, “ rather fleshy and somewhat glaucous green, soft and almost greasy to the touch” (Welwitsch); petiole 4-15 in. long. Peduncle short, slender, few-flowered, under 1 in. long; lower bracts like the leaves but small and deciduous, the upper minute; pedicels slender, shorter than the flower. Calyx glabrous, about 2 lin. long; sepals herbaceous, the two outer obovate-elliptic, reaching nearly 5 lin. long, blunt to shortly acute, the inner smaller, ovate, shortly acute to acute. Corolla blue, twice as long as the calyx, glabrous. Capsule globose, reddish- brown, glabrous, 24 lin. in diam. Seeds seabridulous, dull brown.— Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 726. Zpomea ovalifolia, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéve, vi. 449, and in DC. Prodr. ix. 357 ; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 466. J. oleracea, Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr. 589 no. 74. Convolvulus coeruleus, Schum. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Jet, TOs Upper Guinea. Guinea, Thonning! Gold Coast: Accra, Vogel! Don! Brown, 374! and without precise locality, Krause! Isert! Cape Coast Castle, Brass! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 254! Wile Band. Somaliland: near Web Karanle River, Riva, 1004. British East Africa : Lake Dumi, Gregory ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda, Welwitsch, 6252! Gossweiler, 165! Mossamedes, Welwitsch, 6121! Dammaraland, Hopfner, 21. 4. J. paniculata, Hallier f. in. Hngl. Jahrb. xviii. 95. Annual. Stems slender, wide-climbing, pubescent, as are also the petioles and peduncles. Leaves cordate-ovate, acuminate, 1{—-2 in. long, membranous, upper surface glabrescent, lower Surface sparsely pubes- cent, mainly on the thinly prominent nerves ; petiole slender, about half as long as the blade. Flowers several to many in a dense cyme ; peduncle slender, stouter and longer than the petiole, 15-2 in. long; pedicels barely 3 lin. long; bracts minute, deciduous. Sepals subequal-ovate, acute to acuminate, pubescent, 24 lin. long. Corolla pinkish- aie twice the length of the calyx. Capsule globose, glabrous, 2 L lin, in diam., 2- celled : valves 4, brittle. Seeds 4, scabri- dulous. ay Gi oiolicillerte, Bojer Hort. Maurit. 229. Convolvulus parvi- florus, Vahl, Symb. ili. 29; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 413; Vatke in Linnea, xiii, 522. Wile Land. British Hast Africa: Ribe and Nyika country, Wakefield ! IMozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usaramo; Bagamoyo, Hildebrandt, 1267 ! Also in the Mascarene Isles, Tropical Asia, and North Australia. 88 XC. CONVOLVULACEA (BAKER AD RENDLE). [ Aniseia. 15. ANISEIA, Choisy in Mém. Soe. Phys. Genéve, vi. 481. . Sepals herbaceous, obtuse to acute, the 3 outer much larger, ovate and more or less decurrent on the peduncle. Corolla broadly and shortly funnel-shaped, entire, very hairy in bud, sepaline areas glabrous in the open flower. Pollen globose, not spinose. Ovary glabrous, 2-celled ; stigma bicapitate ; disc obsolete. Capsule 4-valved, 2-celled, 4-seeded. Seeds large, black, glabrous except on the edges. —Climbing herbs. Leaves elliptic to lanceolate, entire. Peduncles axillary, generally 1-flowered ; bracts small, narrow. Species few, natives of Tropical America, one also occurring in the tropics of the Old World. 1. A. uniflora, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéve, vi. (1834), 483. Perennial. Stems slender, twining, thinly pubescent. Leaves shortly petioled, oblong to linear-oblong, oblong-lanceclate or lanceo- late, firm, thinly pubescent, 1-2 in. long, narrowed to the base, obtuse with a small mucro. Peduncles 1-flowered, 1-14 in. long; bracts minute, lanceolate. Calyx 6-8 lin. long in flower, becoming 9 lin. long in fruit; outer sepals ovate, obtuse, becoming scariose ; inner lanceolate. Corolla white, densely hairy on the ribs, regularly funnel-shaped, 1 in. long. Capsule ovoid, glabrous, as long as the calyx, 4-valved. Seeds glabrous, black, punctulate, with short flat hairs on the edges, 24 lin. long, as large as a pea.—Choisy in DOC. Prodr. ix. 431; Benth. in Hook. Niger. Fl. 468. A. martinicensis, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéve, viii. (1838), 144, and in DC. Prodr. ix. 480; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 96 incl. var. ambigua. Convolvulus martinicensis, Jacq. Hist. Stirp. Amer. 26, t. xvii. Jpomaa lanceolata, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 282; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 390. J. uniflora, Roem, & Schult. Syst. iv. 247. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Heudelot, 707! Roger, 38! Sierra Leone, Don ! Garrett, 25! Scott-Hiliot, 4051! 5271! 5696! Lagos: Abeokuta, Barter, 3340! Southern Nigeria : Ndoni, Barter / Cameroons, Buchholz. Lower Guinea. Angola: Cuanza River, Johnston ! Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Stuhlmann, 118. Cosmopolitan in the tropical zone. 16. CONVOLVULUS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 874. Sepals generally subequal, obtuse or acute. Corolla funnel-shaped, colour various, midpetaline areas not well defined, passing gradually into the sepaline areas. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla- tube; filaments generally unequal, filiform. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled ; style filiform; stigmas two, filiform. Capsule 2-celled, usually 4-valved, 4-seeded. Seeds black or brown, glabrous, or pubescent, sometimes tuberculate; cotyledons broad, plicate——Herbs or shrubs with climbing, prostrate or erect stems. Leaves simple. Flowers solitary, in few-flowered cymes or in dense involucrate heads. Oonvolvulus.| XC. CONVOLYULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 89 Species about 150, in the temperate and subtropical regions of both hemispheres ; rarer in the tropics, * XEROPHYT#.—Small perennial undershrubs with slender branches rising more or less erect from the woody rootstock, or spreading ; cauline leaves very small ; flowers not in involucrate heads. Branches erect, spinescent at the tip. Corolla several times longer than the calyx, 9 lin, long . . 1. C. sericophyllus. Corolla ‘but little longer fan the caly barely 6 lin. long . i 5 . 2 C. Hystria, Branches bearing short spiny Beanchlets i A - 8. C. Ruspolii. Branches not spiny. Flowers very laxly arranged on filiform almost leafless shoots. : ; : : . 4. C. Hildebrandtiv. Flowers 1—3 together, subsessile in the leaf-axils. Cauline leaves less than 6 lin. long C . 5. C. microphyllus. Cauline leaves more than 6 lin. long. . 6. C. pluricaulis, Flowers few on conspicuous pedicels. ° 7. C. Deserti. ** Caprtat®.—Annual or perennial herbs ; stems more or less erect, prostrate or twining ; flowers aggregated in sessile or stalked, involucrate, generally densely hairy heads. Heads sessile or shortly stalked. Corolla about twice as long as the calyx. Leaves linear-cblong to oval, }—-1 in. long . . 8. C. littoralis. Leaves subspathulate with cor mdate or subhastate base, 3 in. long g a : é . 9. C, subspathulatus. Leaves oblong or oblanceolate, 1—2 in. long . 10. C. rhyniospermus. Corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx. Seeds puberulous. 5 : : : . 11. C. capituliferus. Seeds papillose-tuberculate ¢ : : . 12. OC. hamphilahensis. Heads conspicuously stalked, subtended by a pair of leafy bracts . é E . 13. C. glomeratus. ***® ARVENSES.—Herbaceous, or Sirbthy below, rarely suftr uticose ; stems slender prostrate, or more often twining, at any rate at the ends; flowers solitary in the Jeaf-axils or in slender-stalked fee flowered cymes ; bracts generally very small. Suffruticose ; stems erect, covered with aes silky pubescence, ; . 14. C. Randiz. Herbaceous or shrubby ; stem mepetrate or abiilifirs, rarely ascending (not silvery). Leaves lanceolate, acute; flowers minute (corolla ; 3 lin. long) . : : c ; . 15. C. agrestis. Leaves oblong with entire base : ; . . 16. C. angolensis. Leaves sagittate. Sepals crisped . 5 ; j : : . 17. C. ulosepalus. Sepals not crisped . : 0 : . 18. C. sagittatus. Leaves ovate with smali entire basal auricles . 19. C. huillensis. Leaves ovate with hastate base. Corolla 4 times as long as calyx : 5 . 20. C. arvensis. Corolla scarcely. twice as long as calyx . . 21. C. Schweinfurthii. Leaves cordate-ovate. Stems climbing; leaves shallowly crenate . . 22. C. farinosus. Stems diffuse ; leaves deeply crenate. : . 23. C. fatmensis. seek ANOMALE#.—Climber with long-stalked ovate- eanilets leaves and large (for the genus) flowers aggregated in bracteate heads on long peduncles. Only species. : : 5: : : . 24, C. Kilimandschart. 90 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Convolvulus.. 1. CG. sericophyllus, 7. Anders. in Journ. Linn, Soc. v. Suppl. i. 25. A shrubby perennial, reaching 6 ft.in height, much branched from the base; branches strictly ascending, terete, woody, spinescent. at the tip, slightly silky when young, glabrate when mature. Leaves silky, acicular, lower oblanceolate, shortly acute, to 1 in. long, upper growing gradually smaller and passing into the bracts. Flowers 1—3, fascicled, forming terminal racemes. Peduncle up to 9 lin. long, generally much shorter. Sepals cartilaginous, ovate- acuminate, minutely silky, very small, barely more than 1 lin. long, Corolla silky, 6-9 lin: long. Capsule glabrous. Seeds black, opaque.— Hallier f, in Engl. Jahrb. xviii, 97. C. acicularis, Vatke in Linnea, xT. OLS Wile Band. Somaliland: Coast plain, near Wodderi, Hildebrandt, 885! foot- hills near Maid, Hildebrandt, 1516; valley below Bihen, Miss Cole ! Also at Aden. C. somaiensis, Franch. Sert. Somal. 48, not of Vatke, is probably identical. : 2. ©. Hystrix, Vahl, Symb.i.16. An erect shrub; branchlets. numerous, short, spreading, hairy, ending in sharp spines. Leaves small, stiff, sessile, 6 lin. long or less, rarely reaching 2 lin. broad, oblong, tapering slightly towards the subobtuse apex, silky. Flowers. axillary, sessile, usually sulitary. Calyx 3 lin, long, clothed with short. brown hairs; 2 outer sepals larger, orbicular; 3 inner ovate. Corolla hairy on the midpetaline areas, little longer than the calyx, nearly 5 lin. long. Capsule not seen.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 400. Hal- lier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 100, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vil. 226. Wile Land, Nubia: Soturba Mountains, Schweinfurth, 2151! coast-land,. Bent! Eritrea: Berber, Riva, 251; Obbia, Garad, Robecchi-Bricchetti, 497. Also in Egypt, Arabia and Syria. 3. C. Ruspolii, Hallier f. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 225. A densely spiny shrub; branches terete, of the first order elongated, of the higher orders gradually shorter, spreading at right angles and end- ing in a leafless spine ; the younger adpressed and minutely puberulous. Leaves not more than 6 lin. long and less than 14 lin. broad, linear- lanceolate from a subtruncate base, on the branches of the first and second order and at the base of the branchlets, becoming gradually smaller, glabrous above, with a few adpressed hairs beneath; petiole barely 1 lin. long. Flowers 1-5, at the very base of the branchlets of the third order, small, peduncled, 1-1} lin. long, bearing above the middle two minute opposite lanceolate bracts. Calyx ovoid, 24 lin. long; sepals glumaceous, ovate-lanceolate, sparsely ciliolate at the apex, otherwise glabrous, the two outer recurved at the tip, the 3 imner a little smaller. Corolla funnel-shaped, 44 lin. long, 5-lobed, glabrous, with scattered glands between the nerves. Filaments glandular- pubescent at the gradually dilated base ; anthers linear-sagittate, some- what twisted. Disc minute, cupular, 5-crenate. Ovary ovoid, glabrous. Capsule not seen. Wile Land. Somaliland: near Milmil, in the Ogaden desert, Riva, 297. Se ne ee apie ae eS Convolvulus.| XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 91 4. C. Hildebrandtii, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 519. Perennial, suffruticose ; stems virgate, pilose, terete, slender ; branches very slender. Lower leaves congested into a basal rosette, bearing long hairs, ob- lanceolate, 1 in. long, repand or subcrenate, narrowed at the base into the petiole, shorter than the blade; lower stem-leaves narrowly ob- lanceolate, becoming rapidly narrower to linear as we ascend the stem. Flowers 1—2, rarely 3—5, laxly cymose, on a very slender silky peduncle 2—3 in. long; bracts short, acicular ; pedicels short, 2 lin. long. Sepals ovate, shortly acuminate, 14 lin. long, with a few adpressed hairs cn the back. Corolla three times the length of the calyx, slightly silky on the nerves. Capsule glabrous. Seeds black, pubescent.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 97. C. jfilipes, Balf. f. in Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin. xii. (1883) 22. Nile Land. Somaliland: Coast plain, near Wodderi, IZildebrandt, 884:! Also in Socotra. 5. ©. microphylius, Sieber ew Spreng. Syst. 1. 611. Perennial, suffruticose. Stems slender, terete, densely tufted, spreading, more or less softly hairy. Cauline leaves generally less than 6 lin. long, rarely 9 lin., oblong or oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, subsessile, narrowed to the base, hairy on both sides. Radical leaves narrowly spathulate, reach- ing nearly 1 in. long. Flowers 1-3 together from the upper nodes of the stem, generally nearly sessile, sometimes stalked, sometimes on short flowering branches. Sepals ovate, acuminate, about 24 lin. long, densely clothed with brown hairs. Corolla pinkish- -white, funnel- shaped, twice as long as the calyx, hairy outside. Capsule small, globose. Seeds glabrous.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 402; Wight, Ic. t. 1867; Franch, Sert. Somal. 42, forma glabrescens. C'. scindicus, Boiss. Diag., ser. 2, ii. 123, not of Stocks. Nile Gand. Nubia: Berber, Kotschy, 354! Wady Selem, east of Berber, Schweinfurth, 2149; Dongola, Bhrenberg ; near Wady Allagni and Wady El-Arab, Letourneux, 280. Somaliland, Révorl. Also in Egypt, and extending through Arabia to Scind, 6. C. pluricaulis, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Geneve, vi. 477. Perennial, suffruticose, ferruginously pilose. Stems slender, terete suberect or ascending or spreading, regularly leaved. Leaves linear- oblanceolate, nearly ‘ld in. long and shortly petioled below, becoming smaller, less than | in., aan oblong, subsessile above the base, blunt, hairy on both sides. “Flowers solitary or in pairs, shortly stalked or subsessile in the leaf-axils; bracts linear, less than 3 lin. long. Calyx densely silky hairy; sepals subequal, 24 lin. long, lanceolate to ovate, pallid and coriaceous, with green herbaceous acuminate tips. Corolla shortly funnel-shaped, pallid, 4 lin. long, hairy in bud. Capsule glo- bose, stramineous, less than 2 lin. in diam. Seeds 4, brown, unequally shortly pubescent.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 403; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 98. See also Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 468, and C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 218. 92 XCe CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Convolvulus. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Heudelot, 403! Also in Northern India. 7. ©. Deserti, Hochst. d Steud. in Herb. Un. Itin. 783; Steud, Nom. ed. 2,1. 408, name only. Suffruticose. Stems slender, terete, spreading, somewhat sparsely hairy, with spreading or adpressed hairs. Leaves linear-oblong with tapering base to linear-spathulate, sub- sessile, the lower reaching 1? in. long in the African specimen, usually shorter, blunt, adpressed, hairy on both surfaces, midrib proini- nent beneath. Flowers borne in the leaf-axils along the whole length of the stems. Peduncles slender, hairy like the stem, about 6 lin. long in the African plant and bearing 1 or 2 closely aggregated flowers. Bracts narrow, linear, about 3 lin, long, bearing (like the sepals) ad- pressed and spreading pale brownish hairs. Sepals ovate, coriaceous below with acuminate green herbaceous tips, subequal, 3 lin. long. Corolla funnel-shaped, 7 lin. long im the African plant, pallid with darker pubescent re eiline arveas.—C. microphyllus, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 402, partly. Wile Land. Nubia: Sea-coast to between 3000 and 4000 ft., Bent ! The African specimen consists of asmall young plant with a few spreading stems, the main one reaching 6 in, long. Also in Arabia. 8. C. littoralis, Vatke in Linnea, xli. 519. Stems several, ascending up to 1 ft. long, simple, filiform, slightly pilose. Leaves distant, small, oval-oblong, obtuse, subsessile, about 4 lin. long and half as broad, on the short sterile shoot larger, narrowly oblong, narrowed to the base, | in. long, including the short stalk, pilose on both sides, grey- green. Flowers in small globose sessile or shortly peduncled clusters down the stem, surrounded by many oblong, acute, silky bracts, which - are about as long as the calyx. Sepals narrowly lanceolate to oblong- acuminate, about 21 lin. long, very hairy. Corolla barely twice as long as the calyx, hairy outside. Seeds minutely tubercled.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 99, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 225. C. ‘Gularaniboras. Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 221. Wile Land. Somaliland: near Lasgori, Hildebrandt, 865b; and without precise locality, Miss Cole ! 9. ©. subspathulatus, Vatke in Linnea, xiii. 520. An under- shrub ?, clothed upwards with reddish, somewhat silky pubescence ; branches elongated, about 14 ft. long, branched above. Leaves shortly petioled, subspathulate, about 6 lin. long up to 5 lin. broad, cordate or subhastate at the base, very oltause: Lower peduncles up to 6 lin. long ; cymes involucrate, densely 1-3-flowered, scorpioid ; bracts Jolie ons: Sepals ovate, usually ebontmee 2) lin. long, barely excceding 4 lin. broad. Corolla twice as long as the calyx, hairy outside. Capsule glabrous. Seeds black, plabrotsl tubercled.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvill. 100, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 226. Wile Land. Somaliland: near Barava (Brava), Hildebrandt, 1312; Kirk ! near Faro River, Riva, 1713. int ERR pe pr Convolvulus.| XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 93 10. ©. rhyniospermus, Hochst. ex Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 405, Annual, herbaceous. Stems slender, densely tufted, suberect or trailing, 3-12 lin. long, clothed with short bright brown hairs. Leaves oblong or oblanceolate, obtuse, narrowed to the base, 1—2 in. long, smaller on. the flowering stems, subsessile, slightly hairy. Flowers all the way up the stem in shortly peduncled or subsessile few-flowered clusters, sometimes solitary, surrounded by oblong to oblong-lanceolate bracts, the outer foliaceous, the inner about as long as, and resembling the sepals. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 3 lin. long, densely clothed with bright brown hairs, the three inner smaller and narrowly lanceolate, Corolla twice as long as the calyx, hairy. Capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin, in diam., beaked with the persistent style-base. Seeds 4, minutely papillose.—Wight Ic. t. 1368; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 100 ; Terrace. in Ann. [stit. Bot. Roma, v. 105 ; Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vill. 232. C. involucellatus, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 241. Nile Land. Nubia: Soturba Mountains, Schweinfurth, 2166! Eritrea: islands in Hamfila Bay, Terracciano, 80, 148, 198. Dahlac Archipelago, Pappi,. 4463; Franzesi, 3. Kordofan: near Kohn Mountain. Kotschy, 235! Somaliland : Hagdar, near the River Genane, Riva, 1126. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Inhambane, Peters. Also extending through Arabia to Scind. 11. C. capituliferus, Franch. Seri. Somal. 41. Stems many from a shrubby base, prostrate, hispid ; leaves small, shortly petioled, silky on each side. Flowering branches short, secund, leafy, springing along the whole length of the stem; flowers small, crowded. Sepals unequal, lanceolate, acute, with long adpressed hairs. Corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx, 24 to 3 lin. long, funnel-shaped, sparsely hairy on the outside. Ovary 2-celled, 2—-4-ovuled. Seeds usually solitary in the chamber, puberulous.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 100. Var. filiformis, Franch. |. ¢. Stamens prostrate, thinly hairy with adpressed hairs ; leaves broadly obovate or nearly rotund. Var. suberectus, Franch. l.c. Stems ascending, a little thicker, with spreading stiff hairs ; leaves lanceolate, subacute. Nile Land. Somaliland: Révoil. Near €. microphyllus, but differing mainly in its smaller corolla, more unequal sepals, and whitish pubescence. 12. ©. hamphilahensis, Jerracc. in Ann. [stit. Bot. Roma, v. 105. Czspitose. Stems short, erect, flowering from base to apex. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acute, obscurely green, subpetioled, bearing scattered long white hairs. Flower-heads globose, sessile, covered with white tomentum, shorter than the bract. Sepals lanceolate, acute, woolly, Corolla equal in length to the calyx, shortly hairy on the outside at the apex. Capsule thin, glabrous, 2—4-seeded. Seeds papillose-tuberculate. —Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 232. 94 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Convolvulus. Nile Band. Eritrea: Assaorta, Terracciano, 16,34, 42. Dablac Archipelago, Ferracciano, 264, 849; Terracciano gy Pappi, 615 ; and Midir Island and Achil Island, in Hamfila Bay, Terracciano, 148. Not seen; apparently closely allied to C. capituliferus, but the seeds of the latter are described as puberulous. 13. ©. glomeratus, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 401. Perennial ; stems many from the hard woody base, long, slender, terete, trailing or twining, finely hairy, often scabridulous. Leaves lanceolate to oblong- lanceolate, 1-1 in. long, base slightly cordate, flattened or obscurely cuneate, apex obtuse to acute, mucronulate ; sparsely adpressed pilose on both surfaces ; petiole very short. Flowers in dense globose bracteate ferruginously hairy heads, on slender peduncles which are generally shorter than the leaves; outer bracts large, foliaceous, up to 8 lin. long, inner smaller, lanceolate, acute, a little longer than the calyx. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, up to 5 lin. long, the 2 outer much larger than the inner, densely clothed with bright brown hairs. Corolla pinkish-white, hairy, 6 lin. long. Capsule globose, glabrous, 24 lin. in diam., pale brown. Seeds blackish-brown, scabrid.— Wight, Ie. t. 1366; Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 518; Terracc. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, v. 104. C. con- gestus, R. Br. in Salt, Abyss. App. lxiv. C. arabicus, Hochst. ex Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 100; Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vill. 231. %Zpomea auwricoma, A. Rich. Tent. Abyss. ii. 67; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 94. Wile Land. Nubia: between Suakim and Hor Tamanib, Zord! Gebel Uaratab, near Suakim, Schweinfurth, 2167! Macaur Island, Schweinfurth, 2170! Somaliland, Mrs. Lort Phillips! Eritrea: Samhar, near Massowah, Hildebrandt, 723! Pappi, 1288, 1289. Habab, Terracciano & Pappi, 1290, 1291 ; Hildebrandt, 584; Assaorta, Terracciano & Pappi, 29. KetumbalIsland, Bhrenberg. Island in Howapel Bay, Salt! Dahlac Archipelago, Steudner, 940! Terracciano, 612, 618, 614. Hamfila Bay and Islands, Zerracciano. Abyssinia : ascending to 4000 ft., Schimper, 341! 784. Dillon, Roth, 425 ! Var. abbreviata, Terracc. in Ann. Bot. Istit. Roma, v. 105. Low growing. Heads and leaves more crowded. Nile Land. Eritrea: Achil Island, in Hamfila Bay, Terrecciano. Also in Socotra, and extending through Syria to North-West India. 14. ©. Randii, Pendle in Journ. Bot. 1902, 189. Erect, suffruti- cose, clothed with silvery silky pubescence; branched from the base ; branches slender, about 16 in. long, rising in a tuft less than 1 lin. in diam., and densely leafy except at the base. Leaves linear-lanceolate, # to 1 in. long, subobtuse, more densely pubescent beneath ; petiole 1 lin. long or less. Fiowers usually solitary on slender axillary peduncles 6—9 lin. long, bearing a pair of small filiform bracts, 2—3 lin. long about the middle. Sepals coriaceous, ovate, acute, 5 lin. long, the two inner rather shorter ; pubescent like the leaves where exposed. Corolla funnel-shaped, twice the length of the calyx, silky outside on —— Convolvulus.| XC. CONVOLYULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 95 the midpetaline areas. Capsule truncately turbinate, 2 lin. long, abruptly mucronate. Seeds compressed, black. Wozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Gwelo district, in woods, Rand, 274! 15. C. agrestis, [Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 101. Annuai, Stems, several from the base, ascending to suberect, the upper portions sometimes climbing, unbr anched, with spreading rufescent hairs, 14-1 ft.long. Leaves thin, lanceolate, shortly petioled, #-14 in. long, more or less hairy, with short adpressed reddish-brown Treetag, especially on the upper face, truncate at the base. Flowers 1—2-nate on slender ascending peduncles {—1 in. long from the axils of the leaves, and bearing the characteristic hairs; bracts narrow, linear ; pedicels 3 lin. long or less, becoming thicker above, floes 2 lin. long, becoming longer and recurved in fruit. Sepals 2} lin. long, elliptic, subcoriaceous, becoming herbaceous and abruptly acute above, margin ciliate, back clabrescent and pale green, becoming dark green and “hairy towards the apex. Corolla scarcely longer than the calyx, barely 3 lin. long. Cops membranous, 3 lin. in. diam., opening irregularly. Seeds 4 lin. long, black, glabrous, tuberculate.— Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Rou vill. 229 (incl. form ma major). C. siculus, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1. 78, not of Linn. volvulus agrestis, Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 92; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 345. Ipomea agrestis, Hochst. in Buching. Verz. No. 73. Nile Land. Nubia; Soturba Mountain, Schweinfurth, 2192! Abyssinia : Arba Tensesa, Schimper, 362! 3628: near Debra-Eski, 9800 ft., Schimper, 73; Ataba, Steudner, 955 ; and without precise locality Schimper, 1294. Eritrea: Assaorta, Pappi, 3441; Amasen, Ragazzi, 20; Terracciano & Pappi, 454; Ocule- Cusai, Pappi, 4358, 4425, 4427. 16. ©. angolensis, Laker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 67. Perennial. Stem slender, spreading, clothed with whitish mostly adpressed hairs. Leaves less than 6 lin. long, thick, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, base entire, truncate, nearly sessile, clothed with adpressed whitish hairs, sparsely above, densely beneath. Flowers solitary, on short slender peduncles 6 lin. long, bearing a pair of short linear tapering densely hairy bracts about 2 from fhe base. Sepals elliptic, obtuse, shortly cuspidate, silky, 8 ie long. Corolla whitish, 7 lin. long, hairy in bud. Capsule not seen.—C. sagittatus, var. grandiflorus, subvar. subcordata, Hallier f. in. Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 534 partly. Lower Guinea. Angola: Cunene River, Johnston ! The specimen (which is a very meagre one) consists of a few slender shoots, 1-3 in. long, springing from a small piece of woody stem, the upper part of which has been burnt. It suggests a new growth after a fire, and is probably not a fair representation of the plant. I cannot follow Hallier in regarding this as identical with the Abyssinian C. sagittatus, var. subcordata. Nor do T think, with the material at hand, that we are justified in regarding it as a form of C. sagittatus. C. ulosepalus, Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 103. Stems several from a common base, 2 ft. long, slender, simple or sparsely branched, prostrate, often flexuose like the whole plant, excepting the 96 XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Convolvulus. younger parts, glabrous or sparsely hirsutulous. Leaves hastate- sagittate, exceeding 1} in. long, 1—2 lin. broad in the middle, 24-5 lin. at the base; median lobe long, linear, entire, obtuse; basal lobes short, faleately decurved, obtruncate; petiole 14-24 lin. long. Peduncle 4 in. to 1{ in. long, thin, rigid, bearing several (rarely only one) small, short-stalked, densely crowded, somewhat nodding flowers. Sepals small, ovate-lanceolate, acute, apex herbaceous from a paler subcoria- ceous base, green, crisped, recurved, the outer a little longer, 24 lin. long, sparsely silky on the back especially at the apex. Corolla 4 lin. long, white, with red-brown stripes, distinctly lobed.—C. hastatus, Choisy in DC, Prodr. ix. 407, partly, not of Thunb. Lower Guinea. Damaraland, Pechuel-Lésche, Hipfner, 94. Also in South Africa. 18. C. sagittatus, var. abyssinica, Hallier f. (as subvar.) in Bull. Herb, Boiss. vi. 533, A somewhat more robust plant than the species, more or less glaucous green when dry. Stems long slender, prostrate, more or less grey or brownish, sometimes silky pubescent. Leaves 14 to 24 in. long, varying considerably in breadth, but larger and generally broader than in the species, rarely reaching 6 lin. broad, basal lobes recurved, often toothed or multifid, pubescent like the stem. Flowers 1-2, rarely more, on slender more or less elongated peduncles. Bracts narrow linear ; pedicels about as long as or longer than the calyx, some- times shorter. Sepals 3-4 lin. long, broadly ovate, obtuse and apicu- late or cuspidate, to subacute, bearing on the back the characteristic pubescence. Corolla white or pink, 4—5 lin. long. Capsule globose, glabrous, about 3 lin. in diam. Seeds 4, brown, glabrous.—Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 61 CC. penicillatus, Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 74; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviil. 108. C. Aschersoni, Engl. Hochge- birgsflor. Trop. Afr. 349. C. sagittatus, var. macroglottis, Baker ex Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1896, 39. Nile Land. Eritrea: near Saganeiti, 7000 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 1739! near Acrour, 6500 ft., Schweinfurth 4 Riva, 1061! Bogos, Hildebrandt, 498! Habab, 6000 ft., Hildebrandt, 497, 499; Abyssinia: Misshall, 7000 ft., Schimper, 660! Somak Efat, Roth, 424! and without precise locality, Schimper, 11380. Somaliland: Habrawal, Smith! British East Africa: Leikipia, Gregory ! near Nyanza, Scott-Elliot, 7145 ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambaca, Welwitsch, 6204! Huilla, Welwitsch, 6116! Mozamb Dist. German Hast Africa: Lower plateau, north of Lake Nyassa, Thomson! British Central Africa: Rhodesia ; Salisbury, Rand, 510! Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 74! Ngamiland; near Kwebe, Lugard, 77 ! Var. villosa, Hallier f. (as subvar.) in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 588. Shoots up to 8 in. long, densely leaved, and (especially in the younger part) densely and softly fulvous-villous. Leaves narrowly cordate-sagittate, less than 1 in. long, subacute, margin obscurely sinuate : petiole very short. Peduncles 1-flowered, less than 1 in. long, bearing a fulvous pubescence like the sepals. Corolla 4 lin. long—C. Thom- soni, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 67. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Lower plateau, north of Lake Nyassa, Thomson !f Convolwulus.| XC. CONVOLVYULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 97 Var. subcordata, Hallier f. l.c. 534 (as subvar.) partly. Perennial, with a rather stout woody rhizome ; aerial shoots tufted, slender, elongated, prostrate, shortly fulvous pubescent in the younger part, glabrescent below. Leaves triangular-ovate, acute. with a cordate base, reaching about 1 in. long, the older ones very sparsely pilosulose on both surfaces, more densely on the veins beneath. Peduncles 1-flowered, brown pubescent like the young stem, rarely more than 1 in. long, bearing a pair of short linear bracts above the middle. Sepals ‘pubescent like the young shoots, elliptic, shortly acute, barely exceeding 3 lin. long. Corolla rose-coloured, said to reach 10 lin. long (about 7 lin. in the specimen in Herb. Kew.). Seeds dark brown, glabrous, apparently smooth.—C. Steudneri, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop, Afr. 350 ; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 104, Wile Land. Abyssinia: high plateau of Talanta, Rohifs, 16; Tanta, near Magdala, Steudner, 956; and without precise locality, Schimper, 165 ! Also in Southorn Arabia. Var. linearifolia, Hallier f. (as subvar.) in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 534. A climber, glaucous, very thinly puberulous: branches filiform. Leaves long linear, minutely auricled at the base, acute, up to 2} in. long, 1-2 lin. broad; petiole 23 lin. long. Peduncle rather thick, about 8 lin. long ; pedicel equal to the peduncle. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, with a very thin grey somewhat silky covering on the back. Corolla barely 9 lin. long, white, the midpetaline areas silky outside.—Hallier f. in Baum, Kunene-Sambesi Exped. 345; Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. DENIC Lower Guinea. Angola: by the Chitanda River, between Goudkopje and Kakele, 4000 ft., Bawm, 180! Also in South Africa. 19. C. huillensis, Rendle. Stems trailing, silky hairy. Leaves ovate, apiculate from a subobtuse apex, entire, silky hairy, 5-1 in. long, with small entire basal auricles; petiole very short. Hairs on the younger part of shoot and the calyx pale fulvous. Peduncles 1-flowered, hairy, about 1 in.long, with a pair of short persistent fili- form bracts at the middle. Calyx very hairy, 4 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate to ovate, acute. Corolla not seen. Capsule globose, pale brown, glabrous, 4 lin. in diam., shortly beaked with the persistent style-base. Seeds glabrous, black, areolate.—C. sagittatus, var. grandi- jflorus, subvar. subcordata, Hallierf.in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 434 partly ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 726. Jpomea huillensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 70. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Ferrao da Sola, 8800-5500 ft., Welwitsch, 6131! 20. GC. arvensis, Linn. Sp. Pl.ed.1, 153. Perennial. Stem wide- climbing, glabrous or slightly pubescent. Leaves ovate-hastate, 1—2 in. long, with spreading or deflexed usually acute basal lobes; petiole 4_1 in. long. Flowers 1-3, laxly cymose; peduncle long, slender, flexuose ; pedicels longer than the calyx, $—j in. ; bracts short, narrowly linear. Sepals coriaceous, subequal, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, { in. long, glabrous or slightly pubescent, especially on the margin. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, 9 lin. long, pinkish-white. Capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam. Seeds glabrous.—Choisy in DC. Prodr.. ix. 406 ; VOL. IV.—SEC. 2. H 98 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Convolvulus. A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss, ii. 73; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 350 ; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 108 ; Capua in Ann. Bot. Istit. Roma, vill. 230. C. cirrhosus, R. Br. in Salt, Abyss. App. lxiv. name only. Wile Land. Abyssinia: near Gennia, Schimper, 133! Addi Dschoa, 7000 ft., Schimper, 518! and without precise locality, Salt! White Nile, Petherick ! Eritrea, 5000-8000 ft.: Assaorta, Pappi, 3506, 3445; Amasen, Terracciano § Pappi, 330, 2442; Oculé Cusai, Pappi, 4404, 3823, 3851; Bogos, Terracciano 4 Pappi, 2666; Mensa, Zerracciano 4 Pappi, 1690, 1290.’ Widely spread in temperate regions of both hemispheres. 21. ©. Schweinfurthi, Lngl. Hochgebirgsf. Trop. Afr. 348. Perennial. Stems twining, clothed with short brown hairs. Leaves ovate-hastate, 15-2 in. long, entire or obscurely crenate, rounded at the apex with a small mucro, finely guste estas 5 basal sinus broad and oper ; petiole 1-1} in. long. Flowers 2-5 in a cyme; peduncle long or short, 1-2 in. long ; pedicels longer than the calyx; stout, more or less quadrangular in “section ; bracts minute, lanceolate, acute. Sepals orbicular-ovate, pubescent, barely 8 lin. long. Corolla scarcely twice as long as the calyx, hairy outside. Stamens half as long as the corolla, resembling that of C. furinosus. Capsule globose, barely 4 lin. in diam., glabrous, brown, Seeds 4, blackish, scabridulous.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 105. Wile Land. Hritrea, 4500-6500 ft.: Mensa, Terracciano 4 Pappi, 1073; Amasen, Terracciano 4§ Pappi,179. Abyssinia: Anadehr, 7000 ft., Schimper, 599 ! Scarcely separable from C. farinosus. 22, ©. farinosus, Linn. Mant. 205. Stems slender, climbing, pubescent. Leaves long-petioled, cordate-ovate, membranous, finely pubescent, 1-3 in. long, usually irregularly and shallowly crenate, with large rounded auricles, ‘and a broad basal sinus. Cymes 1—6-flowered on “long slender axillary peduncles ; pedicels long or short; bracts -aftarnice lanceolate. Sepals coriaceous, 3 lin, long, elliptic, cuspidate or acute, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Corolla 5 lin. long, white, with brown ribs, pubescent at the tip of the short lobes. Capsule globose, shortly pungent, 25 lin. in diam., glabrous, brown. Seeds blackish, scabridulous—Choisy ia) C Prodr. 1X. 412; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 104; Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 74. C. cordifolius, Thunb. Prodr.35. @. Sprengelit, Choisy in DC. Prodr, ix 416. ©. quinqueflorus, Vahl, Symb. iii. 31. Wile Land. Eritrea: Haichello Kokob, north of Acrur, 5000 ft., Schwein- Surth & Riva, 1104! Wozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Holst, 672; Buchwald, 579! Karagwe, 4000 ft., Stuhlmann, 1727. Also in South Africa and the Mascarene Isles. 23. ©. fatmensis, Kunze in Flora, 1840, 172. Stems slender, diffuse, 1-2 ft. long, pubescent towards the tip. Leaves distinctly petioled, cordate-ovate, membranous, obtuse, 4-14 in. long, thinly pubescent, deeply and irregularly crenate with rounded auricles and a Convolvulus.| XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 99 broad basal sinus ; petiole often as long as the blade. Flowers 1—2 on short sparsely pubescent axillary peduncles, 9 lin. long or shorter ; bracts short, filiform. Sepals subequal, 25 lin. long, coriaceous, obovate, eit rounded apex; pedicels shorter than the calyx. Corolla less than 6 lin. long, hairy outside, white with brown stripes. Capsule globose, 3 lin. in diam. Seeds olabrous. —Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii, 108. Nile Land. Kordofan, Pfund. Also in North Africa and Arabia. 24, ©. Kilimandschari, Hngl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 348. Perennial. Stems climbing, clothed, like the leaves and peduncles, with long hairs. Leaves oblong, 2-3 in. long, obtuse with a mucro, deeply cordate at the base; petiole 6 lin. long. Peduncles many- flowered, longer than the petiole ; bracts ovate, acute, scariose. Sepals ovate, mucronate, scariose, densely pilose, 4 lin. long. Corolla broadly campanulate, above 1 in. long. Filaments half as long as the corolla, pilose, dilated at the base. —Hiallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 109. Bonamia althofiana, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost- Afr. C. 329. Hewittia Kihi- mandschari, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1008. LIpomea cepha- lantha, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 69. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 6009-9000 ft., Meyer ; Johnston, 184! above Marangu, Volkens, 1559 ; Uru, Volkens, 1882. Var. glabratus, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. ].c. Stem and leaves glabrescent when mature.—C. Schimperi, Eng]. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 347, not of Boiss. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder ; Gafat, 8200 ft., Schimper, 1465 ! 17. CALYSTEGIA, R. Br.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 1. 874. Sepals subequal or the inner rather smaller. Corolla usually large and showy, campanulate or funnel-shaped, slightly lobed. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube, not exserted; filaments dilated at the base; anthers oblong. Disc prominent, annular. Ovary 1-celled or with an imperfect septum; style filiform; stigmas two, flattened, ovate or elliptic. Capsule usually 1-celled, 4-valved. Seeds 4, glabrous ; cotyledons broad, plicate, often bifid.imProstrate or twining herbs. Leaves usually entire. Peduncles axillary, 1-flowered ; bracts foliaceous, usually large. Species 8 or more, inhabiting the temperate and subtropical zones of both hemispheres. 1. C.hederacea, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. (ed Carey) ii. 1824,94 An annual, with slender climbing stems. Leaves long petioled, deltoid- _hastate, 1-14 in. long, with large spreading or defiexed entire or toothed basal auricles, membranous, glabrous. Flowers solitary ; peduncle long, often exceeding the leaves ; bracts foliaceous, ovate, obtuse, enveloping the calyx. Calyx elabrous, 3 3 lin. long ; sepals ovate, obtuse or minutely mucronate, the two outer larger than the three inner and rounded at 100 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). — [Calystegia. the base. Corolla broadly campanulate, nearly 1 in. long and broad. Filaments dilated at the base. Ovary oblong, 1-celled. Stigmas lanceolate.—Choisy in DU. Prodr. ix. 434. Hailier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 111. C. abyssinica, Eng]. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 347. Nile Land. Abyssinia: near Mamberke, 5700 ft., Schimper, 1857 ! Also in India, China, and Japan. Imperfectly known species. 2. C. ochroleuca, Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 231. A perennial climber. Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, ex Bojer. Probably not a Calystegia. 18. HEWITTIA, Wight et Arn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. il. 873. Sepals foliaceous, unequal, outer much broader than the inner. Corolla campanulate, not lobed, 5-angled, plicate. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube ; filaments dilated at the base; anthers oblong. Pollen smooth, polyhedral. Ovary hairy, 1-celled with an imperfect septum, 4-ovuled; style filiform; stigmas 2, ovate-oblong. Capsule globose, 4-valved. Seeds dark, glabrous.— A climbing perennial herb, with more or less ovate-cordate leaves and rather small fiowers singly or in small clusters, pale yellow or white, with a purple eye. A single species spread through the tropics of the Old World, reaching Natal and Madagascar. An earlier name for this genus is Shutereia, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genéve, vi. ii. (1834), 486, Hewittia, having been published in 1837 (Madras Journ. Lit. and Sci. v. 22). The earlier name is not adopted, as it is too much like Shuteria, a genus of Leguminose, published by Wight & Arnott in the same year (Prodr. 207), but presumably earlier in the year. 1. H. bicolor, Wight in Madr. Journ. Sci. v. 22. Stems slender, twining, herbaceous, more or less pubescent. Leaves cordate-ovate, acute or obtuse, base entire or forming a pair of blunt-rounded lobes, sometimes grossly dentate, 2—5 in. long, green and varyingly pubescent on both surfaces; petiole 1-2 in. long. Flowers 1 or few in a dense head, on a long or short peduncle ; bracts small, foliaceous, persistent. Calyx more or less hairy, about 6 lin. long; sepals herbaceous, lower portion paler, upper green foliaceous; outer ovate, inner lanceolate. Corolla 1 in. long, yellow, with a purple eye; midpetaline areas densely hairy. Capsule small, subglobose, hairy, 3 lin. in diam.—Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 468; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 242; Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 117; Baker & Wright in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii. 68. H. asarifolia, and H. hirta, Klotzsch lc. H. sublobata, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. ii. 441; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 111; Durand & Schinz, Etud. Fl. Congo 203. H. barbeyana, Chodat & Roulet in Bull. Herb. Boiss. i. 192. Convolvulus bicolor, Vahl, Symb. iii. 25. C. involucratus, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 845; Schum. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 938. Shutereia bicolor, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Geneve, V1. Hewittia. | XC, CONVOLVULACEX (BAKER AND RENDLE). 101 486 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 727. Aniseia Afzelit, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 295. Jpomea Afzeliit, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 3732 J. benguelensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 69. J. phyllosepala, Baker Le. J. ? teretistigma, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 373. Bonamia Volkensii, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 329. Upper Guinea. Gambia, Brown-Lester, 26! Sierra Leone, Afzelius! Don! Scott-Elliot, 4111! Liberia: Cape Palmas, Vogel, 14! 59! Ashanti, Cwimmins, 40! Togo, Kling, 37. Lagos, Millen, 76! Barter, 20160! Abeokuta, Irving, 120! Barter, 3351! Cameroons, Johnston ! Zenker and Staudt, 631 ! Nile Land. Somaliland: Ganane River, Riva, 378; Web River, near Karanle, Riva, 990. Banks of Upper Nile, Speke § Grant. Niamniam, Schweinfurth; 2953! Uganda, Whyte! Scott-Elliot, 7313! Ruwenzori, Scott- Elliot, 7537! British East Africa : Kavirondo, Whyte! Kiroruma River, Gregory ! River Vena, Kdssner, 111! 127! Schimba Mountains, Kdssner, 219! Ribe, Wakefield! Mombasa, Riva, 1748. Lower Guinea. Gaboon, Soyaux, 436! Bittner, 381. Lower Congo: Kisantu, Gillet, 262; and without precise locality, Smith! Burton! French Congo: Bata, Dinklage, 1189. Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 6221! 6225! Ambaca, Welwitsch, 6224! Bumbo, Welwitsch, 6127? Loanda, Gossweiler ! South Central. Congo Free State: between the Rivers Lubilasch and Lomami, Pogge, 1026 ; Nyangwe, Pogge, 1150. Mozomb. Dist. Zanzibar, Bojer. German East Africa: Karagwe ; Kagera Kiver, Bagshawe, 31! Dar es Salem, Kirk! Usambara, Holst,490, 527a, 2049 ! Kassner, 14! Kilimanjaro; Marangu, Volkens, 1389. Portuguese East Africa ; Lupata and Shupanga, Kirk! Morambala, Kirk! Caboceira and Rio de Sena, Peters. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 487! Whyte! Meller! Also Natal and Tropical Asia. 19. MERREMIA, Dennst.; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 581 (incl. Operculina). Sepals 5, generally subequal, and more or less coriaceous, elliptic or lanceolate, more rarely orbicular, accrescent in the larger species. Corolla campanulate to broadly infundibuliform, often white, some- times yellowish; midpetaline areas generally not well defined. Anthers usually twisted above. Pollen not spiny. Ovary 2—4-celled, 4-ovuled ; style and stigma of /pomea. Capsule with generally valvular, rarely transverse dehiscence. Seeds generally 4, glabrous.—Annual or perennial plants, with generally herbaceous climbing, more rarely prostrate or trailing stems and axillary flowers, solitary or in few- to many-flowered dichasial cymes. Species akout 60, widely spread in the tropics. I cannot distinguish generically the larger-tlowered and fruited species which have been regarded as forming a distinct genus Operculina. The transverse dehis- hiscence of the fruit is not general in this small group; in one of its most typical members, J. kentrocaulos, the large capsule splits longitudinally, the valves separating from the central septum, which bears the remains of the style. Corolla 13-24 in. long. Sepals 2—1 in. long. Leaves cordate-ovate, entire L 6 : . 1. M. Turpethum. Leaves palmately cut. 102 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Jerremia. Segments entire. Stem winged b ; 2. WM. alata. Stem not winged. Capsule narrowly ellipsoid, $-2 in.long . 3. M. kentrocaulos, Capsule ellipsoid-globose, 1; in. long. 4. M. tuberosa, Segments grossly dentate . 5. WM. dissecta. Leaves bipinnatisect 6. NM. bipinnatipartite. Sepals 4 in. long . . 0 . 0 7. M. pterygocaulos. Corolla about 1 in. long (unknown in J. spongiosa). Leaves cordate-ovate : : . WM. wnbellata. 8 Leaves lanceolate-acuminate : : 0 . 9. M. spongiosa. Leaves pinnatilobed 5 5 ; ¢ c . 10. UW. quercifolia, Leaves palmate-pinnately 5-lobed 11. WM. Pes-Draconis. Leaves palmately divided. Segments narrow, linear to lanceolate. Sepals lanceolate to ovate, acute : 0 . 12. M. pedata. Sepals elliptical, obtuse. : : : . 13. WL. palmata, Segments broad. Pedicels and sepals glabrous. : : . 14. UW. ampelophylla. Pedicels and sepals with long hairs . . . 15. WW. pentaphylla. Segments pinnatisect . : : : : . 16. M. multisecta, Leaves narrowly oblong, with dentate margin . . 17. M. somatensis, Leaves oblong-ovate with irregularly pandurate margins . c c c : : 0 18. MW, gallabatensis. Corolla 3-2 in. long. Leaves palmately divided 9 0 6 . . 19. WL. verecunda. Leaves pinnatilobed ¢ : ; 2 : . 20. M. xanthophylla. Leaves oblong with tridentate base . : : . 21. WM. tridentata. Leaves linear to linear-oblong . ; 5 2 . 22. WM. angustifolia. Corolla 4 in. long or less. Leaves pinnatisect . : : : : : . 23. WL. pinnata,. Leaves reniform . : : : 2 : . 24. WM. emarginata. Leaves cordate , : . : . : . 25. I. convolvulacea. 1. M. Turpethum, Rendle. Stems slender, twining, finely pube- scent. Leaves cordate-ovate, entire, acute, 1-2 in. long, finely pubescent on both sides; basal lobes very short, obtuse, entire; petiole 6 lin. long. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves ; peduncles pubescent, 1-1} in. long, articulated at the middle. Calyx #~1 in. long; two outer sepals, elliptic, obtuse, pubescent, hiding the inner. Corolla broadly cam- panulate, 14 in. long, glabrous outside. Stamens half as long as the corolla. Capsule (not seen in African specimens) surrounded by the large tough accrescent sepals, globose, 6-9 lin. long; endocarp thin membranous; seeds typically 4, large, smooth.—/pomwa diplocalyx, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 71. J. Turpethum, R. Br. Prodr. 485. Oper- culina Turpethum, Silva Manso, Enum. Subst. Braz. 16. Spiranthera Turpethum, Bojer, Hort. Maur. 226. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi delta, near Vicenti, Scott ! Also in Tropical Asia, Australia, Polynesia, and the Mascarenc Islands. 2. M. alata, Rendle. A glabrous climber. Stems stout, hollow, conspicuously 4-winged on the older portions. Leaves large, thinly Merremia.| XC, CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 103 papery when dry, up to 5 in. long by7 broad, palmatisect with 5 more or less elliptic lobes, with bluntish mucronulate apex and tapering base, the median the largest reaching 5 in. long by nearly half as broad, the outermost the smallest more or less deeply and unequally bilobed ; veins on the under leaf-face winged and conspicuous, sometimes obsoletely puberulous ; petiole stout, narrowly winged, nearly as long as the blade. Peduncle short, 1} in. or less, few-flowered; bracts deciduous, mem- branous, bluntly ovate, about 3 lin. long; pedicels stoutly clavate and broadly winged, about 1 in. long. Calyx broadly cup-shaped, glabrous, #-1 in. long, and as broad; sepals broadly obovate to orbicular, apex rounded, coriaceous with broad thin subpellucid margins. Corolla white, broadly funnel-shaped, about 23 in. long and nearly as broad, glabrous, except for a slight hairiness on the upper part of the badly- defined mid-petaline areas. Filaments dilated and hairy at the base, up to 8 lin. long ; anthers over 2 lin. long, contorted. Fruit not seen. Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: Odumassu, Johnson, 155! Krobo Plains, Johnson, 517! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 273! 3. M. kentrocaulos, Rendle. Perennial, glabrous. Stems twining? generally muriculate, sometimes very obscurely, as are also the petioles and peduncles. Leaves membranous, glabrous, 3-6 in. in diam., palmately cut nearly to the base into 5 to 7 lanceolate to oblong- lanceolate, acuminate or acute to subacute segments; veins prominent beneath, impressed above; petiole half as long to about as long as the blade. Peduncle long or short; flowers few or several in a lax cyme ; pedicels often 1 in. or more long; bracts minute, deciduous. Sepals oblong, 3-14 in. long, obtuse to acute, enlarged in the fruit, becoming 6 lin. long, spreading and rigid. Corolla sulphur-yellow, red at the base, funnel-shaped, 2-2 in. long; lobes bluntly triangular ; midpetaline area somewhat conspicuously lined, but not very sharply limited. Capsule narrowly ellipsoid, 6-8 lin. long, 2-chambered ; pericarp thin, splitting lengthwise into 4 valves, and bearing the persistent withered style on the septum. Seeds black, glabrous, between 3 and 4 lin. long.—Operculina kentrocaulos, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 119; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i.730. Zpomca tuberosa, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 362, partly (as to. syn. Steud.), and A. Rich, Tent. FI. Abyss.ii. 67, not of Linn. Convolvulus kentrocaulos, Steud. in Pl. Schimp. It. Abyss. ii. 800. Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 980 Nile Land. Gallabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 2137! Abyssinia : by the River Tacazze, Schimper, 800! Shoa, Quartin-Dillon § Petit, 64! Mittu: Ngama, Schweinfurth, 2803! Bongo; Sabbi, Schweinfurth, 2670! Moru: Neangara, Petherick ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto, near Menha-Lula, Welwitsch, 6167 ! by the River Congo and Sobato Mussengue, Welwitsch, 6168! Pungo Andongo! Calundo, Welwitsch, 6166! Mechow, 157. Malange, Gosswetler, 1106 B! Var. pinnatifida, N. E. Br. Lobes of leaves deeply pinnatifid. Bracts usually resembling the leaves, but smaller. Flowers creamy-white ; corolla-tube brownish- crimson. 104 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Jerremia, Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi: near Tete, Kirk ! British Central Africa: Boruma, Menyharth, 1073! Ngamiland: Kwebe Hills, 3300 ft., Lugard, 82! Matabeleland ; Matlouce, Holub, 1497 and 1498! 4, MI. tuberosa, fendle. A perennial shrub, glabrous, with milky sap. Stems high-climbing, smooth. Leaves as in /. kentrocaulos ; segments acuminate. Flowers several to many in a lax dichasial cyme on long or longish peduncles; pedicels about 1 in. or less in length; bracts minute, deciduous. Sepals oval to oval-oblong, generally obtuse, but sometimes subacuminate, barely 1 in. long. Corolla funnel-shaped, barely 2 in. long, golden-yellow; limb crenate. Capsule large, elliptic-globose, glabrous, as big as a pigeon’s egg or a walnut, 2-celled, generally 2-seeded by abortion ; pericarp thin, surrounded by thin large persistent orbicular toughish sepals, 1? in. long. Seeds large, blackish, hirtulous especially on the angles, ? in. long, about 7 lin. broad at the base.—Operculina tuberosa, Meissn. in Mart. FI. Bras. vii. 212 ; Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 119; Hiern in Cat. Afr, Pl. Welw. 1. 750; Henriq. in Bol. Soc. Brot. xvi. 68. /pomwa tuberosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 160; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 362 partly (excel. syn. Steud.). Z. Mendesii, Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr. 584. Lower Guinea. Angola: Benguella; in thickets and introduced into gardens in Loanda, Welwitsch, 6254! Malange, Marques, 35. Also in the Mascarene Islands, India, and Tropical America. 5. M. dissecta, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 114. Perennial. Stems twining, terete, more or less densely clothed with spreading yellow hairs. Leaves membranous, 3-6 in. in diam., orbicular in general outline, cut down nearly to the base into 7 lanceolate acute irregularly grossly toothed segments; petiole up to about 1 in. long, hairy. Peduncles long or short, 2—8-flowered; bracts minute, deci- duous; pedicels generally $-1 in. long. Flower buds ovoid-conical. Sepals elliptic-oblong, obtuse, glabrous, about 9 lin. long, rigid and spreading in fruit, reaching 1] in. or more in length. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, white with a purple throat, 1$—2 in. long, opening in the evening. Capsule globose, glabrous, 6 lin. or more in diam. Seeds large, 3 lin. long, nearly or quite glabrous, dark coloured.— Ipomea sinuata, Ortega, Decades, vii. 84; Choisy in DC. Prodr.ix. 562; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 468. Convolvulus dissectus, Jacq. Obs. 11. 4, t. 28; Britten in Journ. Bot. 1894, 171. Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Vogel, 238 ! Now cosmopolitan in the tropics. Probably indigenous only in America. 6. M. bipinnatipartita, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 119. Perennial, glabrous; stem procumbent, with long internodes. Leaves somewhat thick, orbicular or shortly ovate in general outline, 24-3 in. long, 2-3 in. broad; two lateral segments approximate, bipinnatisect, secondary lobes 6—9 in. long, furnished with large distant teeth ; petiole under 1 in. long. Peduncle about as long as the petiole, bearing above the middle the small ovate bracts, which are 2 lin. long. Sepals obovate, very minutely puberulous, 8 lin. long, 6 lin. broad. Corolla Merremia.| XC. CONVOLYULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 105 campanulate with very obtuse lobes, white, 2 in. long. Anthers finally spirally twisted. Fruit and seeds unknown.—Hallier He hal Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. xv. 41. Jpomea bipinnatipartita, Engl. Jahrb. x. 246. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: near Usakos, 2000-2600 tites Marloth, 1289! near Otymbingue, Fischer, 101; and without precise locality, Luderitz, 113. 7. M. pterygocaulos, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 552 and xviii. 113. Perennial, glabrous, the whole plant often reddish. Stem twining, distinctly winged. Leaves 2-4 in. long and broad, more or less deeply cordate, palmately 3-lobed to the middle or more deeply ; median segment ovate more rarely lanceolate, with acute to aristiform apex; lateral segments similar but often unequally bilobed in very varying degree; petiole narrowly winged, shorter than the blade. Peduncles winged, generally 2-4 in. long, rarely less than 1 in.; cymes few- to many-flowered, rarely 1-flowered ; bracts small, subulate ; pedicels clavate, 4-1 in. long. Buds ellipsoid to ovoid, blunt, densely strigose. Sepals about 4 lin. long, broadly elliptic to orbicular, coriaceous with thin pellucid margin, much imbricated, sometimes minutely cuspidate. Corolla campanulate, 14-1} in. long, white or cream with purple throat, sometimes sulphur-yellow ; midpetaline areas badly defined, shortly strigose above. Capsule globose, glabrous, barely 6 lin.in diam. Seeds about the size of a pea, grey to blackish, glabrous or shortly strigose on the angles.—Hallier f. in Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 90, and in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 386; Dammer in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr, C. 330; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 727, with var. chrysantha (flowers sulphur-yellow or whitish-yellow); De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 116. Zpomea pterygocaulos, Choisy in DC. Prody. ix. 381 ; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 71. J. petersiana, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 239, t. 38. Convolvulus pterygocantos, Steud. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. ii. no. 630. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Kukuna, Scott-Elliot, 4507 Southern Nigeria ; Abokom-Ikura, Holland, 256! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker & Staudt, 630! Fernando Po, Buchholz. : Nile Land. Abyssinia: near Mai Dogale, Schimper, 630! mouth of the Bahr el Arab, Schweinfurth, 1188! Nile banks north of Gondokoro, Speke 5 Grant ! Uganda, Stuhlmann, 1861, Scott-Elliot, 7242! Whyte! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Stanley Pool, Hens, B, 336! Lemba, Dewevre, 365, 10028; Kisantu, Gillet, 336 partly, 912. Boma and Bingila, Dupuis ; and without precise locality, Smith! Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 6143 ! 6164! 6155! Malange, Gossweiler, 1106 ! South Central. Congo Free State : Lomami River, Pogge, 1212. Katanga, _ Lukofu, Verdick, 586; Kasai Valley, Descamps. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kondeland, Goetze, 1338. Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi delta, Kirk! Gazaland, Wood, 5763! East of Lake Nyasa, Johnson, 131. British Central Africa: Boruma, on the Zambesi, Menyharth, 1081! Nyasaland; Tanganyika Plateau, Whyte! Shire Valley, Waller! and with- out precise locality, Buchanan, 959 ! 1034! Rhodesia, near Victoria Falls, Allen, 39 ! Also in Madagascar. 106 XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [JJerremia. Var. tomentosa, Hallier f. in Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 90. Petioles, the lower surface of the leaf-nerves, and peduncles clothed with greyish tomentum. South Central. Congo Free State : Mtowa, on Lake Tanganyika, Descamps. 8. M.. umbellata, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 114. Perennial. Stems slender, terete, twining, glabrous or slightly hairy. Leaves cordate-ovate, obtuse to acute, weakly mucronate, 3-6 in. long, 2-3} in. broad, puberulous when young, glabrous or pubescent on the slightly prominent nerves when mature ; petioles shorter than the leaf, 1—4 in. long. Peduncle 2—6 in. long; cymes umbellate, few- or many-flowered ; bracts triangular-subulate, minute, persistent; pedicels 6—9 lin. long, subclavate. Flower-buds ovoid, subacute. Sepals glabrous, 4—5 lin. long, elliptic to elliptic-ovate, obtuse or minutely mucronate. Corolla funnel-shaped, sulphur-yellow or white, glabrous outside, 1-14 in. long ; midpetaline areas more deeply coloured but not sharply defined. Capsule small, subglobose, glabrous. Seeds velvety.—Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 330; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 728. Ipomea wmbellata, G. Meyer, Prim. Fl. Esseq. 99 ; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 377; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 467. JZ. primuleflora, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 270; Choisy, l.c. 390. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Leprieur. Gambia, Skuwes! Sierra Leone: Don! Garrett, 27! Scott-Elliot, 4824! Cameroons, Bates, 194! Preuss, 562! Akwa, Dinklage, 157. Great Batanga, Dinklage, 751. Fernando Po, Vogel, 54! Barter, 1838! Mann, 85! Prince’s Island, Welwitsch, 6210! 6211! Quintas. Mozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: Masailand, Fischer, 299. Widely spread in Tropical America, and nearly allied to the Asiatic IZ. cymosa, which differs in the shape of the leaf and the larger flowers. Hallier in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 375 distinguishes the West African forms with yellow flowers as var. occidentalis from the East African (var. ortentalis), in which the flowers are said to be white. 9. MI. spongiosa, fendle in Journ. Bot. 1894, 179. Stems glabrous, prostrate, reaching more than 4 ft. in length in the specimen seen, narrowly winged, as are the petiole and peduncle. Leaves shortly petioled, lanceolate, acuminate, 3-34 in. long, about 6 lin. broad, light green, glabrous, spongy below; margin crisped ; petiole 3 lin. or less in length. Peduncle shorter than the leaves, 1? in. long, bearing a pair of closely few- (to 5-) flowered monochasial cymes ; bracts membranous, subulate, 1$-5 lin. long. Flower-buds ellipsoid to ovoid, obtuse. Sepals subequal, elliptic, glabrescent, coriaceous, with a thin, brittle border, 3 lin. long. Corolla not seen fully expanded, “white with a rosy tinge, plumose, hirsute,” Welwitsch. Capsule thin-walled, brittle, about 4 lin. long. Seeds pubescent.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. PI. Welw.i. 728. Jpomea uliginosa, Welw. ex Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1894, 179. J. spongiosa, Rendle, Le. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; swampy, parts of Mutollo, Wel- witsch, 6169 ! 6169b (=6196b) ! 10. M. quercifolia, Haillier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 114. Perennial. Stems trailing or twining, minutely muricate as are the Merremia.| XC. CONVOLYULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 107 petioles and peduncles. Leaves rather narrowly ovate in outline, apex rounded, obtuse, deeply lyrate-pinnatifid, 1$—23 in. long., rather thick, upper surface subscabrid, lower prominently veined, with a large elliptic end-lobe and two smaller ascending side-lobes, all irregularly toothed ; petiole shorter than the blade, up to 9 lin. long. Peduncle shorter than the leaf, #-1 in. long, 1 1-2-flowered : bracts small, ovate, obtuse; pedicel thickened upwards, about as long as the pedunele. Flower-buds conical. Sepals glabrous, oblong, obtuse, 6-9 lin. long, the two outer shorter than the inner, subelliptic. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, apparently about 1 lin. long, “ orange, variegated with yellow, dark purple at base of tube” (Welwitsch). Fruit and seeds not seen.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 728. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, in sandy thickets near Quitage, on the River Cuije, Welwitsch, 6172! 11. M. Pes-Draconis, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 587. A herb densely covered except on the upper leaf-face with short yellowish spreading hairs. Stem long, probably EOSUTALS, reaching 1 line in thickness, with internodes up to nearly 14 te long. Leaves shortly petioled, palmately-pinnately 5-lobed up to 24 in. long ; ; lobes linear- acute, the median several times longer fen a lateral, up to 2 in. long by 2 lin. broad; lateral lobes 1-8 lin, long, conspicuously re- ticulately veined on the lower surface; petiole 14 lin.long. Peduncles axillary, up to 24 in. long, rigidly spreading with recurved apex ; bracts rather larger, ovate- lanceolate, lowest up to 8 lin. long and half as broad. Cymes subspicate; pedicels very short. Calyx 6 lin. long ; sepals ovate-elliptic, subacute, hairy, the inner shorter, glabrous. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, probably yellow, an inch long and almost as broad ; midpetaline areas bearing yellow silky hairs with an apical tuft, but not well defined. South Central. Congo Free State ; Kasai district ; by the Lutembue River, a tributary of the Lubudi, Descamps, 12. M. pedata, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 552, and xviii. 116. Rootstock woody. Stems long, slender, climbing, glabrous above the hairy base. Leaves shortly petioled, glabrous, palmately cut nearly to the base with 5 unequal linear segments, the central ones 14 in. long, 3-1 lin. broad. Peduncle as long as the petiole, usually 1 flowered ; bracts small, ovate. Calyx glabr ous, 6 lin. long; sepals lanceolate, acute, the two outer sometimes ovate, ‘shorter than the inner. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, 1 in. long, probably white, streaked with purple. Stamens 6 lin. long; filaments subulate, pilose towards the base.— Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss, vi. 537 (inel. var. gracilis). M. Gregori, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1896, 39. Jpomaa pedata, Hochst. & Steud. Pl. Exsicc. No. 948; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 384. Wile Land. Somaliland: Abdallah, Keller, 234. British East Africa : Golbanti, on the lower Tana River, Gregory ! Also in Arabia, 108 XC, CONVOLVULACEM (BAKER AND RENDLE). [| Merremia. 13. M. palmata, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 112. Whole plant glabrous. Stems herbaceous, glaucescent, 3-6 ft. long, spreading or climbing. Leaves glabrous, deeply palmately 5-lobed, the two lowest lobes sometimes unequally forked; lobes linear or lanceolate, acute or blunt and mucronate, central one in the upper leaves reaching 25 lin. long by about 3 lin. broad ; in the lower leaves much shorter and broader, according to Hallier 14 in. long by 8 lin. broad. Petiole shorter than than the leaf, up to about 1 in. long, channelled above. Peduncle 1-flowered, generally longer than the leaf, reaching 3 in.; the portion above the small linear acute bracts thickening upwards, 4—8 lin. long ; buds ellipsoidal, obtuse. Sepals elliptic, with a rounded apex ; subequal, 4—5 lin. long, glabrous, greenish-yellow, coriaceous, with a membranous edge. Corolla 1 in. long, broadly and shortly funnel- shaped, probably pale yellow ; midpetaline areas badly defined, sparsely pubescent above, inconspicuously lined.—Hallier f. in Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. xv. 41. Nile Land. British East Africa: Kibwezi, Kissner, 708 ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Kakele, on the Chitanda River, Baum, 202! German South-west Africa: Damaraland, Hen! Belek, 52; Luderitz, 175. Here- roland; near Otyimbingue, Fischer, 105. Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Bulawayo, Rand, 128! 129! 364! 14. M. ampelophylla, /allier /. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 115. Stems long, striate, flattened, contorted, furnished with yellow hairs principally at the nodes, as are also the petioles and bases of the peduncles. Leaves glabrous, shortly petioled, up to 2 in. long, palm- ately 7-lobed below the middle; lobes nearly twice as long as broad, central lobe 14 in. long, rounded or subemarginate, minutely dentate, ending ina retlexed curved mucro; secondary nerves prominent ; petiole barely $ in. long. Peduncle 1—2-flowered, about 1 in. long; bracts minute, glabrous, lanceolate; pedicels glabrous, clavate, about 4 lin. long. Flower-buds conical, acute. Sepals cartilaginous-membranous, pallid, ovate, lanceolate, acute, glabrous, the inner barely 6 lin. long, the outer shorter. Corolla probably white, tubular-funnel-shaped, 14 in. long ; midpetaline areas obscure.—Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 330. Wile Land. British East Africa: Ulu, Fischer, 412. 15. M.. pentaphylla, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 115. Annual. Stems slender, twining, covered like the petioles, peduncles and pedicels with fine yellowish spreading hairs. Leaves digitate, membranous, sparsely adpressed, pilose; segments 5, elliptic, narrow- ing to the base, apex acuminate, 2—4 in. long; petiole as long as or longer than the blade. Peduncles generally long but not exceeding the leaf, few- or many-flowered ; pedicels {-1 in. long, ultimately deflexed. Sepals elliptic-ovate, obtuse, 6 lin. long, densely clothed with the characteristic long spreading hairs. Corolla campanulate-funnel- shaped, white or yellowish, 1 in. long. Anthers finally twisted. Ovary completely 4-celled. Capsule about 6 lin. in diam., enveloped by the Merremia.| XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 109 persistent, densely hairy sepals ; endocarp rigid, separating as 4 papery valves from the pericarp. Seeds typically 4, brown, glabrous, 24 lin. long.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 728; Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vili. 233. Latatas pentaphylla, Choisy, in Mém. Soe. Phys. Genéve, vi. 436, and in DC. Prodr, ix. 839; Benth. in Hook. Niger F. 465. Convolvulus pentaphyllus, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 223. Ipomeaa egyptia, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 162. 7. pentaphylla, Jacq. Ie. t. 319 ; Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 115. Spiranthera pentaphylla, Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 226. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Roger, 94! Dollinger, 8! Perrottet! Sierra Leone, Smeathman! Scott-Elliot, 4060! 4869! Guinea, Isert. Togo, near Lome, Warnecke, 275! Lagos, Millen, 118! Rowland ! Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 863 ! Wile Land. Eritrea: near Mount Yangous, 1100 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 598 ! Assaorta, 3000 ft., Pappi, 3112. Barca, Terracciano & Pappi, 2730, Keren, Steudner, 942. Abyssinia: by the River Taccazze, 3000 ft., Schimper, 1429, 2322 ! Somaliland, Hildebrandt, 883a. Kordotan, Kotschy, 110! Pfund, 153! 521! Soudan: Khartoum, Schweinfurth, 799! Brown, 21! Kirreh, Schweinfurth, 465a ; above Khartoum, Speke}f Grant ! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Masansa, Burton! Boma, Dewevre, 3; Dupuis, Wilwerth; Stanley Pool, Hens, B, 871; Moanda, Vanderyst ; Mayombe, Dupuis ; and without precise locality, Smith ! Tsland of St. Thomas, Doz! Moller. Angola: Mossamedes ; in sandy thickets by the River Giraul, Welwitsch, 6118! Loango, Soyaua, 220 ! Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Kaimba Island, opposite Tete, Kirk ! Widely spread in the tropics. 16. ML. multisecta, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 115. Perennial, glabrous herb rich in latex, branched from the base. Stems several, prostrate, terete, rigid, purplish, 2-3 ft. long. Leaves fleshy, very stiff and brittle, reniform in general outline, 1-14 in. long, up to 24 in. broad, cut down nearly to the base into 5 pinnatisect segments ; the lowest pair unequally forked, the largest secondary lobes deeply crenate; petiole as long as or longer than the blade. Peduncles 1—5- flowered, longer than the petiole and sometimes exceeding the leaves, 14-3 in. long; pedicels subclavate, 6-8 lin. long. Flower-buds ovoid, more or less acuminate ; bracts minute, ovate. Sepals subcoriaceous, lanceolate, with a bluntly acuminate apex, barely 8 lin. long, glabrous or with sparsely ciliate margin. Corolla shortly funnel-shaped, about 1 in. long. Capsule globose, glabrous, 4 lin. in diam., 2-celled, cells 1- very rarely 2-seeded. Seeds large for the size of the capsule, pisiform or plano-convex, grey, glabrous.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 728. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes, Welwitsch, 6112! Banks of the River Croque, Johnston ! 17. M. somalensis, Hallier f.in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 226. A much branched undershrub, 1-i$ ft. high. Branchlets glabrous with very minutely rugulose cortex. Leaves rather fleshy, glabrous, linear-oblong, 6—8 lin. long, 1—2 lin. broad, obtuse to subacute, margin dentate, revolute; petiole short. Flowers solitary in the leaf-axils on 110 XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [J/erremia. short peduncles, sometimes geminate or ternate. Sepals oblong-ovate, acute, the 3 outer densely clothed with long stiffish spreading hairs. Corolla funnel-shaped, -1 in. long, yellowish, becoming reddish.— Convolvulus somalensis, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 517, not of Franch. ; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb, xviii.110. CC. hadramauticus, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 337. Jpomaa pentaphylla, Vatke 1.c. 509, not of Jacq. I. crinigera, Oliv. in Hook, Ie. Pl. t. 2437. Nile Land. Somaliland: Wodderi, on the coast plain, Hildebrandt, 883, a, 883, b. Also in Arabia. The identification of Convolvulus somalensis, Vatke, with the Arabian species, TIpomea crinigera, Oliv.,is given on the authority of Hallier,who has seen Hildebrandt’s specimens at Berlin. Previously (see Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 110) Hallier had suggested, as the result of an anatomical examination of the somewhat imperfect material, that the Somaliland plant might perhaps not be a member of the Order Convolvulacee. 18. M. gallabatensis, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 113. Leaf (one only present) large, long-petioled, ovate-oblong, acute, subcordate, glabrous, 4 in. long, 25 in. broad, the sides irregularly pandurately lobed, pale green and scabrid above with prominent veins, glaucescent below and finely rugulose. Peduncle very long, much exceeding the leaf ; cyme dense, many-flowered ; bracts small, lanceolate, acute, pallid, the lower slightly longer than the sepals. Flowers in two geminate, shortened monochasial cymes; buds ovoid, subacute. Sepals elliptic, equal, coriaceous, pallid, glabrous, about 5 lin. long. Corolla twice as long as the calyx; midpetaline areas clothed with dense yellowish pubescence. Nile Land. Gallabat ; near Matamma, Schweinfurth, 2182. 19. M. verecunda, Rendle. Stems procumbent, rather slender, very thinly puberulous. Leaves deeply palmately 7—9-lobed, glabrous above, thinly pubescent beneath and on the petioles; lobes 2-14 in. long, 2—5 lin. broad, varying somewhat in shape, linear-oblong, narrowly oblong-lanceolate or spathulate-obovate, acute or obtuse, weakly apiculate, narrowing toa slender stalk-like base ; petioles 4 to a little more than 1 in. long. Peduncles exceeding the peticles, one- flowered, 14-21 in. long, sparsely hairy like the stem; bracteoles linear or linear-lanceolate, acute, thinly pubescent, 3—4 lin. long; pedicel 5-8 lin. long, stouter than the peduncle and more densely pubescent. Flower-buds bluntly ovoid. Sepals herbaceous, ovate, obtuse to sub- acute, about 4 lin. long, pubescent, pale green with 6-7 well-marked purple-brown nerves. Corolla broadly campanulate, about 6 lin. long, 9 lin. broad at the mouth, white with a purple-brown or chocolate centre, glabrous; midpetaline areas not defined. Capsule apparently globose ; pericarp very thin; seeds 4, 2 lin. in diam., blackish, smooth, glabrous, ciliate on the angles with minute flattened hairs.—/pomea quinquefolia, var. pubescens, Baker in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 66. Merremia.| XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). LIU Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kwebe Hills, 3400 ft., Mrs. Lugard, 134! Northern Kalahari Desert, T’Klakane Pits, Lugard, 227! Also in the Kalahari region of South Africa, 20, M. xanthophylla, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 113. Stems prostrate or climbing, herbaceous, subcompressed and angular, clothed, as is the whole plant, with short yellow-brown hairs. Leaves with shallowly cordate base, reaching about 24 in. long by 2 in. broad in the lower par*, pinnately 5—9-lobed ; lobes acute or obtuse, the terminal above | in. long, the basal much the smallest, minutely hirsute on both faces ; nerves light-coloured and prominent beneath; petiole 6-9 lin. long. Peduncle 11-2 in. long; cymes few-flowered, dense; bracts ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute, 6 lin. long or less, subfoliaceous, hiding the base of the sepals. Pedicels 13-3 lin. long. Buds ovoid. Sepals coriaceous, elliptic, obtuse, glabrous, 4 lin. long. Corolla funnel-shaped, whitish, 8 lin. long, densely covered with yellow- brown hairs in bud.—/pomaa wanthophylla, Hochst. in Schimp. PI. Abyss. No. 482. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Uschan, 5000-6000 ft., Schimper, 2099; and without precise locality, Schimper, 432! 21. M, tridentata, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 116. Glab- rous; stems slender, prostrate, Leaves numerous, small, very shortly stalked, hastate-oblong to subquadrate, 9 lin. or less in length, apex obtuse, emarginate and mucronulate to tridentate. Peduncles 1-flowered in African specimens, a little longer than the leaf, forming a slightly thickened pedicel above the minute ovate bracts. Sepals oblong, apex rounded, shortly cuspidate, 2-24 lin. long, the outer slightly the shorter. Corolla yellow, about 6 lin. long. Capsule not seen in African speci- mens, globose, glabrous, about 3 lin. in diam. Seeds dark, glabrous.— Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.i. 729. Ipomea tridentata, Roth in Rimer, Archiv. Botan. i. ii. 38 ; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 353; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit: Ind. iv. 205. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; sandy banks of the River Cuanza, near Condo, Welwitsch, 6190 ! Also in India. 22. M. angustifolia, Hallier f. in Hngl. Jahrb. xviii. 117 (incl. var, ambigua). Annual, glabrous. Stems prostrate, then twining, very slender. Leaves linear, obtuse, mucronate, 1—3 in. long, varying very much in breadth, generally from 1-2 lin., rarely broader, with small toothed hastate basal auricles, Peduncle very slender, 1-14 in. long., 1-3- flowered; pedicels thickened, subclavate, shorter than the peduncle; bracts minute, lanceolate, acute or cuspidate, persistent. Flower-buds elliptic-ovoid. Sepals oblong to ovate-oblong, obtuse rarely subacute, cuspidate, glabrous, 2—24 lin. long, the two outer slightly shorter than the inner. Corolla pale yellow, funnel-shaped, 6-8 lin. long and broad. Capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam. Seeds glabrous.—Wildem. & Durand in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2 sér.i. 37; Hiern in Cat. Afr. PI, 112 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Merremia. Welw. i. 729; Henriq. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Brot. xvi. 68; Hallier f. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 91. J/. hastata, Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb, Le. as to the African specimens; Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 330. Ipomoea angustifolia, Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 317. J. filicanlis, Choisy in DC, Prodr, ix. 353, partly, not of Bl; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 466; Klotsch in Peters, Reise. Mossamb. Bot. 239. J. convolvuloides, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 273. Upper Guinea. Senegal: Perottet, 503! Gambia, Skues! Sierra Leone ; near Mahela, Hiliot, 4052! Whydah, Don / Miberia: Cape Palmas, Vogel, 55! Gold Coast: Accra, Don! Vogel! Brown, 350! Cape Coast, Brass! Prampram, Krause. Togo, Lome, Warnecke, 35! Lagos: Lokuja and Abeokuta, Migeod ! and without precise locality, Millen! Macgregor, 375! 379! Northern Nigeria ; Nupe, Barter, 1266! Quorra (Niger) River, Vogel, 112! Wile Land. Kordofan, Kohn Mountains, Kotschy, 251! Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1869! Abyssinia, Schimper, 1195. Uganda, Scott-Elliot, 7217 ! Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Don! Mann, 1103! Loango, Soyaux. Lower Congo region; various localities, Smith! Burton! Dewevre, 37 ; Naumann, Dupuis, Phillips, Cabra, Descamps, Gillet, 724, 1087; Butaye, Hens, A, 16, Vanderyst. Angola: Loanda, Welwitsch, 6246! 6247! Gossweiler, 214! Ainbaca, Zelwitsch, 6203! Huilla, Welwitsch, 6122! Ambriz, Monteiro! Havungu River, Baw, 479! Amboland, Schinz. South Central. East Angola: between Luachim River and Quihumbo, Marques, 311. Nindi River Plateau, 83000-4000 ft., Serpa Pinto. Congo Free State : Upper Marungu, Debeerst. IMozamb. Dist. German Hast Africa: near the Umba River, Thomson, 14! Késsner, ‘71! Kilimanjaro, Smith! north of Lake Nyasa, Thomson! Bonda, Bohm. Portuguese East Africa: coast of Lake Nyasa, Johnson, 14! Rios de Sena, Peters; Sena, Kirk! Zambesi Delta; Kovgoni River, Kirk! Vicente, ° Scott! British Central Africa: Boruma, on the Zambesi, Menyharth, 1077! Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1420! Whyte! Rhodesia; Bulawayo, Rand, 130! Ngami- land ; Botletle Valley, Lugard, 207! Kwebe Hills, Mrs. Lugard, 183! Var. alatipes, Rendle. Glabrous or upper leaf-face obscurely pilose. Stem faintly winged. Leaves narrowly linear to narrowly linear-lanceolate, obtuse to acute, mucronulate, base auricled ; lobes descending, acute, sometimes obscurely denticulate. Pedicels narrowly winged. Outer sepals obtuse, mucronate, with conspicuously erisped margin, 23-8 lin. long, the inner 33 lin. long.—M. alatipes, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 330 incl. form angustifolia. Wile Band. British East Africa: between Mombasa and Lamu, Whyte. Nyika Country, Wakefield ! Wozamb. Dist. German East Africa: near Bote, Umba River, Kdssner, 96 ! Amboni, Holst, 2828. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi, Carvalho. The larger outer sepals suggest M. medium (Aniseia medium, Choisy), but the difference from the inner sepals is less exaggerated, they are not cordate, and do not become greatly enlarged in fruit. Var. pubescens, Rendle. Pubescent. Leaves linear-oblong, very obtuse, mucro- nulate, base with conspicuously dentate auricles; 14 in. long by 4 Jin. broad. Peduneles single-flowered, slightly exceeding the leaves. Sepals oblong, puberulous, shortly acute, subequal, 3 lin. long. Corolla 8 lin. long. Wile Land. British East Africa: Mombasa, Scott ! Mozamb. Dist. Zambesi, Webb! between Vicente and the Quagua, Scott ! Merremia.| XC. CONVOLYULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 113 The type also occurs in South Africa, and is probably not separable from the Tropical Asiatic and Australian JZ. hastata, Hallier f. (=Ipomea denticulata R. Br.). 23. M. pinnata, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 552 and xviii. 116. Annual. Stems slender, trailing or twining, pubescent with soft spreading hairs. Leaves sessile, more or less hairy like the stem, resembling those of Quamoclit vulgaris, pinnate, about 1 in. long, with 8-10 pairs of entire linear segments spaced out on the rhachis. Peduncles short, about as long as, or longer than the leaf, 1—3-flowered ; pedicels very short; bracts linear, resembling the leaf-segments. Calyx covered with the characteristic hairs, about 2 lin. long; sepals subcoriaceous, elliptic, with the apex drawn out into a long point, the two inner much smaller. Corolla narrowly funnel-shaped, yellow, scarcely exceeding the calyx. Anthers ultimately slightly twisted. Ovary densely hairy, 4-celled, 2 ovules in each cell. Capsule small, globose, hairy, 3 lin. in diam. Seeds glabrous.—Hallier f.in Enel. Jahrb. xxx. 386; Dammer in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 330. Lpomea pinnata, Hochst. in Kotschy, It. Nub. No. 262; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 353; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 96; Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 116, t. 79. Upper Guinea. Senegal: Mbidjem, Zhiervy, 18! and without precise locality, Perrottet, 510! Heudelot. Gambia: Ingram! Brown-Lester, 79! Sierra Leone: near Kitchom, Scott-Elliot, 4337! Northern Nigeria : Jeba, Barter-! Nile Land. Kordofan, Kotschy, 262! Pfund, 395! Sennar, Kotschy, 242 ! Helba, Cienkowsky. Bongo, Schweinfurth, 2551. Madi, in crevices of rocks, Grant, 656! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 5000 ft., Johnston! Kagehi, on Lake Victoria, Fischer, 418; Kondeland, Goetze, 877. Portuguese East Africa: east of Lake Nyasa, Johnson, 3! Lower Zambesi, Tete, Kirk / near Sena, Kirk, 257! British Central Africa: Boruma, on the Zambesi, Menyharth, 1092! Nyasaland; various localities, Whyte, 342! Sharpe, 1901! Johnson! Kenyon, 2! Buchanan, 157! 178! 1253! Webb! Bellingham! Ngamuland ; Kwebe, Lugard, 248! Mrs. Lugard, 176! 24. MI. emarginata, Hallier f. in Engi. Jahrb. xviii. 118. Peren- nial, with a long woody root. Stems slender, trailing, glabrous or slightly pubescent. Leaves orbicular- or ovate-reniform, $—1 in. broad, very obtuse, with a broad rounded basal sinus, rarely obscurely 3-lobed ; petiole a little shorter or as long as the blade. Flowers 1-2, nearly sessile in the axils of the leaves; buds shortly ellipsoid, blunt. Calyx 2 lin. long; two outer sepals shorter and smaller than the inner, obovately-elliptic, subacute, glabrous; 3 inner obovate, obcor- date, obsoletely cuspidate, upper half with long ciliate margin, Corolla tubular-campanulate, scarcely exceeding the calyx, yellow witha dark eye; midpetaline areas well defined. Capsule globose, glabrous, milky, 3 lin. in diam. Seeds 2-4, glabrous, dark brown.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1. 729. Ipomea reniformis, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. vi. 446, and in DC. Prodr. ix. 351; Oliver in Trans, Linn. Soe. xxix. 115. J. cymbalaria, Fenzl in Flora, 1844, 812. volvulus emar- VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 I 114 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [| Merrenvia. ginatus, Burm. f. Fl. Ind. 77, t. 30, fig.1. 2. Glechoma, Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr,. 589, No. 64. Nile Land. Nubia: Sennar, Kotschy, 63,193! Near el-Korehr, Ehrenberg ; Roseires, Cienkowski; Gedarif (Gadaret), Schweinfurth, 2144! near Fashoda, Schweinfurth, 1087! White Nile, Petherick! Nuer country, Speke & Grant! Uganda: near Lake Elmenteita, 6000 ft., Scoté-Hilliot, 6641! Kavirondo, Scott- Elliot, 7062! near Nyanza, Scott-Elliot, 7135! Kasamaga, Ruwenzori, 5300 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7574! Lower Guinea. Angola; Loanda, Gossweiler, 213! 330! in wooded places nearly dried up after flooding, near Quicuxe, Welwitsch, 6149! and near Imbon- deiro dos Lobos, Welwitsch, 6150! Also in Tropical Asia. 25. M. convolvulacea, Dennst. Schliiss. Hort. Mal. 34. Per- ennial. Stems twining, slender, usually glabrous. Leaves cordate- ovate, }-1} in. long and broad, acute, membranous, usually shallowly palmately 3-lobed, green and glabrous on both surfaces ; petiole very slender, as long as the blade. Peduncles }—2 in. long; flowers solitary or few to many, laxly cymose; pedicelsshort; bracts minute, deciduous. Flower-buds shortly ellipsoid, very blunt. Calyx glabrous or sparsely pilose, especially at the exposed margins, 2 lin. long; sepals coriaceous, shortly obovate to subquadrate, with a broad retuse shortly cuspidate apex. Corolla yellow, subcampanulate, 4 lin. long; expanded limb rather broader; midpetaline areas well defined, with 5 conspicuous violet lines. Capsule ovoid-globose, glabrous, verrucose, barely 4 lin. in diam. Seeds triquetrous, obsoletely pubescent.—J/. hederacea, Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 118, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 227; De Wild. & Durand in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, 1. 37. Hvolvulus hederaceus, Burm. f. Fl. Ind. 77, t. 30, fig. 2. Convolvulus flavus, Willd. Sp. Pl.i. 852. Ipomea chryseides, Ker, Bot. Reg. t. 270; Choisy in DC, Prodr. ix. 382; Wight, Icon. i. t. 157 (chrysoides). J. zebrina, Perrott. ex Choisy in DC. Prodr. l.e.—Audici-Valli, Rheede, Hort. Malab. vii. ths PAC Upper Guinea. Senegal, Roger, 117! Perrottet, 515; Leliévre. Sierra Leone: near Mofari, Scott-Elliot, 4433! Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 885! Nile Land. Kordofan, Pfwnd. Somaliland: River Ganane, Riva, 1168! Jur: Wau, Cummins! White Nile, Sabatier, Schweinfurth, 994! Petherick ! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Stanley Pool, Hens B, 43! Love Island, Biittner, 386. Kisantu, Gillet, 128, 388, 833; and without precise locality, Smith | Mozamb. Dist. British East Africa : Boruma, on the Zambesi, Menyharth, 588 ! Also in the Mascarene Islands and Tropical Asia. 20. HYALOCYSTIS, Hallier f. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vil. 227, and in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. Ergiinzungsheft, i. 65. Sepals 5, free, unequal, herbaceous, lanceolate, not accrescent. Corolla of medium size, campanulate, blunt and very shortly 5-lobed, the midpetaline areas not indicated. Stamens gradually dilated ii ee ee ae oe ee Hyalocystis.| XC. CONVOLVULACE& (BAKER AND RENDLE). 115 towards their insertion, and ciliated with glandular hairs. Disc low, ring-like. Ovary ovoid, 1-celled, 4-ovuled; style undivided, filiform ; stigmas 2, spherical. Capsule spherical, indehiscent; pericarp thin- walled, transparent ; seed solitary, spherical.—A prostrate, sticky herb, with stalked shortly palmati-lobed leaves. Peduncles axillary, 1-3 flowered. Endemic and monotypic. Nofiseen. Very near Werremia, the distinguishing feature being the indehis- cent one-seeded capsule. 1. EX. viscosa, Haillier f. l.c. 228. A prostrate herb, densely covered, especially on the branches, leaf-stalks, peduncles, sepals and young shoots, with glandular sticky hairs; branches elongated, up to 1} ft. long, } to 1 lin. thick, almost simple. Leaves reniform-sub- orbicular in outline, reaching about 1 in. long and broad; lobes very short, rounded, spinous-dentate on both surfaces on the excurrent nerves ; the young leaves puberulous, the adult glabrescent, except on the nerves which are yellowish glandular-pubescent beneath, palmately 5-7-nerved ; petiole up to 5 lin. long. Peduncle shorter than the petiole, sparsely hirsute with spreading hairs, like the bracts, minute linear bracteoles and sepals; pedicels scarcely exceeding 1 lin. long. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, pale green, 4 lin. long, the 2 outer serrate, the inner smaller, shorter, entire. Corolla 1 in. long and about 9 lin. broad, spreading suddenly from a very short narrow tube, pale dull violet, hirsute with grey spreading hairs. Stamens unequal ; anthers linear-sagittate. Ovary and lower part of style densely hairy. Capsule about 3 lin. in diam., pubescent. Seed black, epaque, laxly grey pilosulose. Nile Land. Somaliland: Robecchi-Bricchetti, 339. 21, LEPISTEMON, Blume; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 873. Sepals 5, ovate, subequal. Corolla suburceolate, the broad tube narrowing upwards; limb small, spreading, shortly 5-lobed. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube ; filaments short, filiform, spring- ing from the back of five ovate scales, which arch over the ovary ; anthers linear-oblong. Dise cupular, truncate. Ovary 2-celled, 4- ovuled; style short, subulate; stigma capitate, 2-lobed. Capsule 4-valved, Seeds glabrous.—-Climbing herbs. Leaves broad, entire or lobed. Flowers small, in sessile or peduncled axillary cymes. Species 5, extending through Tropical Asia to New Guinea and North Australia. 1. L. africanum, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl.t.1270. Stems wide-climb- ing, clothed with long spreading pale brown stinging hairs. Leaves cordate-ovate, membranous, acute to obtuse, 2-6 in. long and _ broad, green and more or less hairy on both surfaces, usually irregularly sinuate, with deltoid lobes ; petiole long, deciduously hairy like the stem. 116 XC. CONVOLVULACEA (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Lepistemon. Cymes many-flowered,sessile or shortly peduncled ; pedicels slender, 1 in. or less in length; bracts minute. Calyx ventricose. Sepals ovate to elliptic, obtuse, shortly cuspidate, laxly hirsute on the back to glabrous, 2-3 lin. long. Corolla-tube 6 lin. long, at first subcylindric, white, subcampanulate, becoming ovoid as the ovary expands; limb 6 lin. in diam. Capsule setose except in the upper part, tardily dehiscing, shortly ovoid, coriaceous, 6 lin. long.—Hailier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 123, xxviii. 80; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 7381. Convolvulus owariensis, Spreng. Syst. i. 594. L[pomea owariensis, Beauv. Fl. Owar. ii. 41,t. 82. J. repandula, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 113. Lepistemon lig gnosum, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 331. JZ. owariensis, Hallier f. in De Wild. Fitudes Fl. Katanga, 112. Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: Anum, Johnson, 817! Ashanti: near Prahsu, Cummins, 1! Togo, Baumann, 409. Oware, Beauvois. Lagos, ; Millen, 33! 68! 180! Rowland! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker Y Staudt, 571! Nile Land. Jur: Schweinfurth, 1480! 2509. Uganda: Usoga, 4000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7195! Rwenzori, Scott-Elliot, 8098 ! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Kisantu, Gillet, 940, 1012. Angola: Golungo Alto; Sobado de Bumba and Mussengue, Welwitsch, 6145! 6145b! South Central, Congo Free State: Katanga; Lukofu, Verdich, 435. Wozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Lutindi, 8000-4000 ft., Holst, 3425, 3456! Portuguese East Africa: Zambesi, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Shire Highlands, Kirk ! A specimen with ripe dehiscing capsules collected by Christian Smith (48) on the Congo may represent another species. The capsules are somewhat larger, nearly 8 lin. in diam., more globose and hirsute to the top. 22. LEPISTEMONOPSIS, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 331. Sepals 5, unequal, very accrescent, the 8 outer lanceolate, the 2 inner ovate. Corolla campanulate, shortly 5-lobed. Stamens 5, short, equal; filaments filiform, springing from the base of fleshy glabrous scales ; anthers linear. Dise cupular, shorter than the ovary. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled; style simple; stigma capitate, bipartite. Capsule 2-valved. Seeds granular. Endemic and monotypic. Not seen. Very near Lepistemon, from which it is distinguished by the shape of the corolla. 1. L. Volkensii, Dammer, /.c. Stems climbing, densely clothed with reflexed hairs. Pome cordate, 5-lobed, acuminate, mucronate, up to 4 in. long, by 34 in. broad, adpressed pilose on both surfaces ; petiole 24 in. long, clothed with reflexed hairs. Flowers in peduncled axillary Cy pedicels 2 lin. long, hairy like the petioles. Sepals unequal, the 3 outer lanceolate, acuminate, hirsute on the back, barely 6 lin. long, by a little over 1 lin. broad, the two inner oval, mucronate, more or less glabrous, 4 lin. long by barely 2 lin. broad. Corolla cam- panulate, white, with green stripes, 9 lin. long. Disc shorter than } | Lepistemonopsis.| XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 117 the globose ovary. Capsule globose, about 8 lin. in diam., surrounded by the accrescent calyx.—Hallier f. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 229. Nile Land. Galla Country: Mons Ciaffa, Riva, 568. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Wilimanjaro; Marangu; 5000 ft., Volkens, 1229, 2353. 23. CALONYCTION, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Genéve, vi. 441 ; Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1026. Sepals rather cartilaginous, glabrous or with large fleshy spreading bristles, closely adpressed to the corolla-tube, long awned or blunt ; equal or the outer shorter. Corolla large, white or lilac, hypocrateri- form, rarely campanulate, glabrous. Stamens and styles exserted or included. Ovary glabrous, 2-celled, 4-ovuled; stigma biglobose. Capsule 4-valved, 4-seeded.—Climbing herbs. Leaves thin, herbaceous, generally glabrous, cordate, sometimes angular or palmately 5—9-lobed. Flowers peduncled in the leaf-axils, solitary or in monochasial or dichasial cymes. Pedicels short, thick clavate, containing a copious milky juice, becoming enlarged and fleshy in fruit. Species 6-7 in the hotter parts of America; two species subspontaneous almost everywhere in the tropics. Corolla white, hypocrateriform . : . : . Ll. C. speciosum. Corolla lilac, tubular below, becoming funnel-shaped above : . : : : : c . 2. C. muricatum. 1. C. speciosum, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Geneve, vi. 441, 7. I. fig. 4 (excl. var. 6). Stems climbing widely, smooth or muricated. Leaves cordate-ovate, long acuminate, apex obtuse, conspicuously mucronate, entire in old world specimens, 4—6 in. long, 34-5 in. broad, membranous, glabrous; petiole about as long as the blade in the adult leaf. Peduncle about as long as the petiole, 1—-6-flowered ; flowers generally in a lax cineinnus, rarely dichasial; bracts small, deciduous. Sepals coriaceous, glabrous, elliptic, the three outer abruptly aristate, including the awn about 8 lin. long, the two inner scarcely aristulate, or mucronate. Corolla hypoecrateriform, white, expanding at night ; tube cylindric, 3-4 in. long, 2-3 lin. in diam., expanded limb 4-6 in. in diam, Capsule large, ovoid, brown, tipped by the persistent woody conical style base, 1 in. long without the mucro. Seeds glabrous, dark brown, 4 lin. long, and as broad.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 345 (excel. var. 3), Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 153; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 742; Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 465. C. Bona-nox, Bojer, Hort. Maur. 227; Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 1028. Ipomea Bona-nox, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 228. J. grandiflora, Lam, Ill. 1. 467 as to syn. Rheede. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Lepricur. Sierra Leone: cultivated near Kambia, Scott-Elliot, 4844! and at Falaba, Scott-Elliot, 5444! Lagos, Rowland / Millen, 88! Millson! Southern Nigeria: Old Calabar, Mann, 2324! Ibu, Vogel, 38! Cameroons: Barombi, Preuss, 510! Yaunde, Zenker 4 Staudt, 635! Nile Land. Gallabat, Schweinfurth, 2184. 118 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Calonyction. Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Moller. Gaboon, Soyaux, 377. Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 6147 ! South Central. Congo Free State: Luebo River, Descamps. A widespread tropical species. 2. C. muricatum, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 264. Perennial. Stems wide-climbing, papillose. Leaves distinctly petioled, cordate-ovate, acuminate, ultimately mucronulate, membranous,, glabrous, 4-5 in. long and as broad. Peduncle long; flowers 3-6, in a lax dichasiai or monochasial cyme; bracts minute; pedicels 1-1} in. long, much thickened in the fruiting stage. Sepals ovate, acuminate, tapering to a long fleshy point which is shorter in the two inner, keeled, glabrous, about 6 lin. long. Corolla red or lilac, about 3 in. long; tube about 2-21 in. long, passing gradually into the funnel- -shaped limb ; expanded limb about 2 in. in diam. Capsule globose, up to Lin. in diam. Seeds 4, smooth, brown, 5 lin. long.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 154 and fin Bull. Herb: Bee v. 1044; Hiern in Cat. Ts Pl. Welw. i. 742. C’. speciosum, var. muricatum, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 345. Ipomea muricata, Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. iii. 40, t. 323. J. shirensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 74, not of Oliv. J. Kirkii, Britten in Journ. Bot. 894,85. Convolvulus muricatus, Linn. Mant. 44. Upper Guinea. Gambia, Zngram! Sierra Leone: Mahela, Scott-£iliot, 4074! Lagos, Dawodu, 257! Nile Land. Bongo, Schweinfurth, 2501! Cultivated at Khartoum, Schwein- Surth, 288 ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 6146 ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Rovuma Bay, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Upper Shire Valley, Kirk! Shire Highlands Buchanan, 391! Also in the Cape Verde and Mascarene Islands, Tropical Asia and Tropical America, 24. ASTROCHLAINA, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 120. Sepals elliptic to lanceolate or ovate, generally more or less acute, subequal or the inner shorter and narrower. Corolla funnel-shaped, lilac-purple or violet, or white with a purple eye. Stigmas oblong. Capsule 4-valved. Seeds 4, hairy.—Herbs growing erect from a stout persistent rootstock, sometimes shrubby; stems sometimes trailing ; the whole plant, or the younger portions covered with stellate hairs. Species 19. Endemic; chiefly East African. Flowers solitary or in 2- to several-flowered cymes, often umbellate or corymbose, not crowded in heads. Corolla less than 1 in. long. Peduncle 1- to several-flowered; leaves ovate or elliptic ; corolla 9 lin. long . . 1. A. lachnosperma. Peduncle many-flowered ; leaves micmieide corolla 7 lin. long . ; ; : ; 0 . 2, A. solanacea. Astrochiena.| XC, CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 1G Corolla 1-2 in. long. Leaves ovate-cordate. Sepals ovate-lanceolate; cymes few-flowered . 3. .4. Volkensti. Sepals elliptic ; cymes ile to 3-flowered . 4, A, involuta. Sepals oblong-lanceolate ; cymes 1- to 2-flow ered 5, A. Phillipsie. Leaves ovate. Corolla about 1 in. long . 5 (Gy, eal Corolla more than 1 in. long (g Srerally 13-2 in., but see A. Stuhlmanni, var. par viflora) . engleriana. Base of leaf rounded . : . 7, A. malvacea. Base of leaf various, but scarcely rounded . 8. A. Stuhlinanni. Leaves oblong to ovate-oblong. Flowers sclitary ; ; sepals nearly 6 lin, long - 9. A. floccosa. Flowers in pairs; sepals 3 lin. long . . 10. A. Kessneri. Leaves broadly elliptic, with cuneate base, repand above . : c : _1l. A. Grantit. Leaves broadest above ine middle! Leaves obovate with cuneate base. Flowers solitary . 6 . c : . 12. A. ugandensis. Flowers cymose . : 6 : 3 . 18. A. Whytet. Leaves oblanceolate. Corolla 1 in. long 6 : 6 . . 14. A. annua, Corolla 2 in. long 6 3 : . 15. A. hyoscyamoides. Corolla 4 in. long, hypocrateriform ¢ : : . 16. A. tubiflora. Flowers crowded in heads. Leaves longer than broad; the subtending leaf carried up on the peduncle. Leaves spathulate < . 17. A. melandrioides. Leaves ovate-lanceolate witht subeordare Bae . 18. A. cephalantha. Leaves broadly lanceolate, narrowed to the base . 19. A. polycephala. Leaves as broad as long; peduncle free from the sub- tending leaf . : : . c 6 . 20. A. delamereana. 1. A. lachnosperma, UHullier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 121. Perennial. Stems erect, 1-14 ft. long, clothed with whitish stellate tomentum. Leaves ovate to br oadly ovate-elliptic, obtuse to subacute, entire or slightly peed, broadly rounded or subcuneate at the base, thin, 14-34 in. long, 14-3 in. broad, clothed thinly above, more thickly beneath with when acellate omentum: petiole 1—2 in. long. Flowers solitary or several wale teal arranged ; peduncles about 3 3 lin. long. Sepals ovate, subacute, 3—4 lin. long, ‘tomentose li ke the stem. Corolla funnel-shaped, up to 9 lin. long; tube purple; limb tight-coloured, glabrous ; midpetuline areas strongly defined. Capsule globose, 3-4 lin, in diam. , pale brown, glabrous, with 4 brittle valves. Seeds villous.—Capua in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vill. 233. Lpomea lachnosperma, Choisy in DO. Prodr. ix. 356; Vatke in Linnea, xli. 510; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 995. Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria: Kuka, Gosling! Bornu, Oudney ! Nile Land. Eritrea: Habab, 5000 ft., Hildebrandt, 504! Keren, Steudner, 953. Assaorta, Z'erracciano 4 Pappi, 27,49; Amasen, Terracciano & Pappi, 120, Kordofan, Kotschy, 260! Pfund, 89! 508! Abyssinia, 4000-5000 ft., Schimper, 198! 550. 120 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Astrochlena. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland; Kwebe Hills, Mrs. Lugard, 91! 2. A. solanacea, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 121. Stem erect, simple, like the rest of the plant floccose with short stellate pubescence. Leaves distinctly petioled, rhomboid, up to 3 in. long, more than half as broad, entire in the lower half, pandurately lobed above the middle, apex rounded, suggesting Solanum nigrum in form ; petiole about 9 lin. long. Flowers about 6 together in crowded subumbellate cymes; peduncle reaching to the middle of the leaf- blade; pedicels short, about 3 lin. long; bracts small, linear. Sepals narrowly lanceolate, acute, the outer about 4 lin. long, tomentose on the back. Corolla small, about 7 lin. long, glabrous, pale rose-colour, Capsule glabrous, 4-valved, 2-celled, 4-seeded. Seeds black, covered with a fine shining velvet. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Karagwe; Bukoba, Stuhlmann, 3793. South Central. Congo Free State: Mtowa, by Lake Tanganyika, Descamps. 3. A. Volkensii, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 331. Stem erect, 15-23 ft. long, tomentose with stellate hairs. Leaves cordate- ovate [or base sometimes entire], mucronate, 1} in. long, 14 in. broad, [sometimes reaching 3} by 3 in.], clothed with stellate hairs on both surfaces, densely so beneath; petiole } in. long. Flowers in few- flowered axillary cymes; peduncles generally from #-14 in. long, like the pedicels and calyx stellately tomentose ; pedicels 4 lin. long [reflexed in the fruit]. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, 3-4 lin. long. Corolla funnel- shaped, violet, with purple throat, 14 in. long. Stamens unequal. Stigmas oblong. [Capsule globose, pale brown, 4 lin. in diam. ; pericarp brittle ; seeds 4, blackish, very shortly pubescent]. Wile Land. Eritrea: Ginda Valley, 3000 ft., Schweinfurth & Riva, 2237! Soudan: Khor-neweh-Chak-Chak, Brown! Jur: Kurshook Ali, Schweinfurth, iii, 4! Uganda: South-west of Lake Rudolph, Wellby ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; Marangu, 3500— 4000 ft., Volkens, 2120. I have not seen an authenticated specimen of this species, and make the above determinations with some hesitation. The parts enclosed in [ |] in the description refer to the added determinations.—A. B. R. 4, A. involuta, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 59. An undershrub, with rigid flattened laxly leafy branches, the whole plant clothed with dense whitish stellate pubescence. Leaves shortly petioled, cordate-ovate, up to 14 in. long, 9 lin. broad, densely stellate-pubescent on both surfaces, veins raised on the lower surface; petiole less than 6 lin. long. Flowers in shortly peduncled axillary 2—3-flowered cymes ; peduncles about 1 in. long or less ; bracts minute, ovate, caducous ; pedi- cels up to 6 lin. long. Sepals unequal; the two outer elliptic, obtuse, 4 lin. long by 3 lin. broad, stellate-pubescent and prominently pinnately veined on the back, glabrous and green on the inside; inner ‘shorter Astrochlena.| XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 121 and narrower. Corolla funnel-shaped, about 1 in. long; tube deep purple, 8 lin. long by 2 lin. in diam.; limb pale rose-colour, glabrous, with well-defined midpetaline areas. Filaments unequal, 2—4 lin. long. Style 6 lin. long. Fruit and seeds unknown. Nile Land. British East Africa: near Lake Marsabit, Delamere / 5. A. Phillipsiz, Rendle. A sarmentose perennial stellately tomentose herb. Stems clothed with stellate white hairs. Leaves petioled, broadly cordate-ovate, #-14 in. long and broad, entire, thinly tomentose on the face, densely clothed with white tomentum on the back ; petiole shorter than the blade. Flowers solitary or in pairs in the axils of the leaves on a short peduncle. Sepals subequal, narrowly ovate-oblong, 4 lin. long, less than 14 lin. broad, obtuse, markedly keeled, much imbricate, densely tomentose. Corolla lilac, 1} in. long ; tube oblong, 9 lin. long and nearly 3 lin. in diam.; limb spreading, 1} in. in diameter. Stamens unequal. Style shorter than the longer stamens, with oblong spreading lobes.—Convolvulus Phillipsie, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 221. Nile Land. Somaliland: Golis Range, Mrs. Lort Phillips! A stunted form collected in the same locality has small leaves (up to 9. lin, long and broad), and tlowers barely exceeding 9 lin. long. 6. A. engleriana, Dummer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 330. Stems erect, clothed with ferruginous stellate pubescence. Leaves ovate, mucronate, rugose, undulate at the margins, thinly clothed with stellate pubescence above, and dense white tomentum beneath, with ferruginous main veins. Flowers in lax long-peduncled axillary cymes; peduncle, pedicels and calyx clothed with ferruginous stellate tomentum ; pedicels about 6 lin. long, reflexed in fruit. Sepals elliptic, 4 lin. long, 14 lin. broad. Corolla about 14 in. long, probably violet, funnel-shaped with a cylindrical tube 6 lin. long. Stamens unequal; filaments hairy at the base. Stigmas rhomboid. Nile Land. Soudan: Fazokl, Kotschy, 537! Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schwein- furth, 1326! Moru: Neangara, Petherick! Uganda: Kavirondo, Scott-Elliot, 7124! Whyte! near Mumias, Whyte! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usaramo; Magubo, Stuhlmann, 7125! I have seen no authentic specimen of this species, and make the above deter- minations with some hesitation.—A, B. R. 7. A.malvacea, Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 121 (partly). A robust perennial. Stems erect or ascending or decumbent, herbaceous or woody, more or less densely clothed with short white pubescence. Leaves ovate, entire or repand, 2—5 in. long, rounded at the base, dull green, and slightly pubescent above, matted with whitish tomentum beneath. Peduncles 1 in. or more in length, erecto-patent, 2-5-flowered ; pedicels short; bracts minute. Sepals elliptic to ovate, subacute to obtuse, pubescent, 4-5 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad. Corolla funnel- shaped, purple, 14-2 in. long. Capsule globose, glabrous, 4-valved, 122 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Astrochlena., 4 lin. in diam. Seeds 4, black, glabrous.—Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 69. Breweria malvacea, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 245, t. 37. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Kirk / Stewart ! Expedition Island, Kirk / Inhambane and hio de Sena, Peters / 80-40 ft. above the Inagua, Usambusha, Scott / British Central Africa : Nyasaland ; Blantyre, Buchanan, 31! Also in South Africa, Var. epedunculata, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 59. Dwarf, tufted. Branches short, 2-6 in. long, crowded. Leaves ovate, small, not exceeding 1 in. in length and a little over 6 lin. in breadth. Cymes sessile, 2- to 4-flowered. Sepals lanceolate to bluntly ovate, barely exceeding 3 lin. long. Corolla bright rose-purple, 1? in. long, and as broad at the mouth. Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Salisbury, Rand, 511! Var. parviflora, Rendle. Apparently a smaller plant, with leaves less than 2 in. long. Peduncles 9 lin. long or less. Sepals oblong-lanceolate, 3 lin. long. Corolla purplish, 14 in. long. Nile Land. british East Africa: Taruma (Duruma?); near Tulpanga, Kiissner, 437 ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Lower plateau north of Lake Nyassa, Thomson ! 8. A. Stuhlmanni, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 386. An erect or trailing herb, with the habit of an Aléhea, and a verbascoid stellate indumentum. Stem stout, simple, floccose, as are the petioles and peduncles, with dense ochraceous indumentum, Leaves ovate, 4—5 in. long, 3 in. broad, obtuse or subacute, entire or more or less repand- dentate, base variable, broadly cuneate, truncate to shallowly cordate, dull green above, with tufts of stellate hairs, densely cinereo-tomentose beneath with ochraceous tomentum on the conspicuous veins. Flowers in few- to many-flowered corymbs forming an ample panicle; peduncles robust, rigid, spreading-erect, longer than the petioles (up to 2 in. long) ; pedicels short, subumbellate, subclavate, about 4 lin. long; bracts and bracteoles small, cymbiform, caducous. Sepals ovate, obtuse, three outer larger than the two inner, 4—5 lin. long, and about half as broad, cinereo-tomentose on the back. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, 14 in. long and 2 in. broad; tube deep purple, limb paler. Filaments unequal, dilated and pubescent at the base, Capsule globose, dirty brown, glabrous. Seeds 4, black, papillose. Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria, Gosling ! Mozamb. Dist, (ierman East Africa: Ukwere, 150 ft. Stuhlmann, 8883 ; Uluguru foothills, Stuklmann, 8683; east of Mtondwe 1800 ft., Stuhlmann, 8279 ; Mikumi, 1700 ft., Goetze, 393. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Nyika. plateau, 6000-7000 ft., Whyte! Kondowe to Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte! Milanji, Whyte, 108! Chiromo, Scott-Elliot, 8689 ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 72! Rhodesia: Mashonaland, near Umtali, Cecil, 35! Var. parviflora, Rendle. Flowers smaller, with ovate to ovate-oblong sepals 3 lin. long, Corolla (withered) apparently not exceeding 1 in. in length. Nile Land. Uganda: Mpororo, 3000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8044! Astrochlena.| XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 123 9, A. floccosa, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 121. An erect undershrub, 13 ft. high, clothed with stellate floccose tomentum. Leaves ovate-oblong, subacute, slightly repand, up to nearly 4 in. long, above 3 in. broad; nerves prominent beneath; petiole 1$ in. long. Peduneles 1-flowered, above 1 in. long. Sepals oblong, obtuse, 5 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, Corolla funnel-shaped, 1$ in. long, probably red- purple. Fruit and seeds not known.—/pome@a floccosa, Vatke in Linnea, xliii, 512. Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2758, ex Vatke, 2754, ex Hallier. 10. A. Keessneri, fendle. HKrect; stem stout, woody, reaching nearly 2 lin. in diam. in the small shoots which comprise the material, densely clothed like the petioles and peduncles with a pale ferruginous floccose tomentum, rather densely leaved. Leaves oblong to ovate- oblong, 2-2 in. long, 3-1} in. broad, apex obtuse, base rounded to flat ; sparsely stellately hairy above, stellately grey tomentose beneath with prominent floccose subferruginous veins; petiole generally less than 1 in. long. Peduncles axillary, 6—8 lin. long, more slender than the petioles, generally 2—flowered ; pedicels barely 6 lin. long, reflexed after flowering. Sepals oblong to ovate-oblong, 3—4 lin. long, 1$ lin. broad, blunt, midrib prominent on the greyish stellate-tomentose dorsalface. Corolla 14 in. long, funnel-shaped, purple, tube darker, limb pale, with well-marked areas. Fruit not present. Wile Land. British East Africa: Saui, Adssner, 735! ll. A. Grantii, Rendle. Stems stout, herbaceous, erect, hollow, about 14 ft. high, 3 lin. thick, apparently few from a short woody erect rootstock which passes below into the long woody tap-root, covered in the younger portion with a dense subferruginous stellate tomentum which becomes sparser below. Leaves broadly elliptic in outline, 3-4 in. long by 2—24 in. broad, apex blunt, often inconspicuously mucronate, base generally broadly cuneate, margin above the base repand ; upper surface sparsely stellate-hairy, lower stellate-pubescent becoming tomen- tose on the conspicuous nerves; lateral nerves pinnately ascendo-patent ; petiole tomentose like the stem, 1 in. or less in length. Peduncle generally long, reaching 34 in., generally free from the leaf, the latter sometimes carried up a very short way, tomentose like the stem, bearing a subcapitate cyme of generally about 6 flowers suspended by a pair of linear to linear-oblanceolate dorsally pubescent bracts about 7 lin. long. Pedicels short, 3 lin. or less long; bracts shorter and narrower than the leaves. Sepals ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, acute, 5—6 lin. long, pubescent like the bracts, the inner slightly shorter and glabrescent. Corolla funnel-shaped, purple with lighter limb, about 1} in. long, glabrous. Capsule subglobose, erect, about 38 lin. broad ; pericarp light brown, brittle. Seeds brown, shortly pubescent.—d. malvacea, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 121 as to syn. Convolvulus malvaceus, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 117. 124 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Astrochlena. Nile Land. Uganda: Chopeh, Speke & Grant! (Kavirondo, Whyte !. Scott- Elliot, 7126! Mozamb. Dist. German Hast Africa: Usui, Speke & Grant, 202! 12. A. ugandensis, fendle. Stem erect about a foot high, sparsely branched; younger portion stellate-tomentose, hairs white, becoming glabrescent below. Leaves obovate with cuneate base, repand above, up to 24 in. long by barely 1} in. broad; apex blunt to obscurely emarginate; both surfaces stellate-tomentose, more densely beneath especially on the veins; petiole short, 3 lin. Jong or less. Flowers solitary, short-stalked; stalk barely 4 lin. long; a pair of bracteoles arising at the base of the stalk, about 7 lin. long, narrowly linear- lanceolate with involute edges, and densely tomentose on the back. Sepals ovate, acute, dorsally keeled, the 3 outer about 7 lin. long, and almost concealing the slightly shorter narrower inner sepals, dorsally thickened in the middle line above the base. Corolla funnel-shaped, glabrous, 14 in. long; tube cylindric, a little over 3 lin. in diam., 8 lin. long, pale rose-purple ; limb very shallowly 5-lobed, white; midpetaline areas distinctly limited by two nerves on the outside, and suffused with pale rose on the inside. Stamensand style included in the corolla-tube. Nile Land. Uganda, Dawe! Described from a living specimen flowering at Kew. 13. A. Whytei, Rendle. Shoots herbaceous, leafy; stem hollow, reaching 24 lin. in diam. 4 in. below the tip, covered like the young leaves, petioles, peduncles and pedicels with grey tomentum, becoming sparser below. Leaves obovate, with cuneate base and repand upper portion, apex blunt to subacute, apiculate, 3-4 in. long, 1}—2 in. broad, thin and membranous when dry, sparsely stellate-hairy on both surfaces, more densely hairy beneath on the subprominent pinnate veins ; petiole short, 3-6 lin. long. Peduncles slender, free from the leaf, about 1-1? in. or less in length, bearing somewhat laxly few- flowered cymes; lower bracts narrowly lanceolate to lnear-lanceolate, acuminate, about 6 lin. long, dorsally pubescent like the sepals; upper bracts filiform ; pedicels slender, 64 lin. or less. Sepals lanceolate-acute, 5-6 lin. long. Corolla about 14 in. long, funnel-shaped with purple tube and paler (? white) broad limb, Fruit not seen. Nile Land. British East Africa: between Mombasa and Lamu, Whyte ! Tara, 1500 ft., Adissner, 509! Near A. hyoscyamoides, from which it is distinguished by the broader tops of the leaves and smaller flowers. 14. A. annua, Rendle. An erect, herbaceous annual (a complete specimen is 20 in. in height, with a stem about 2 lin, thick and unbranched, a second specimen consists of a portion of stem, evidently from a much larger plant, nearly 4 lin. in diam., bearing short leafy flowering branches). Stem hollow, terete, younger part clothed with greyish pubescence, becoming glabrescent and scabridulous below. Younger leaves elliptic with. tapering ends, becoming oblanceolate to Astrochlena.| XC. CONVOLVULACES (BAKER AND RENDLE). 125 obovate and obtuse below, and from 3 to 44 in, long and 14-2 in. broad, apex weakly mucronate, margin more or less repand above the base; shortly tomentose on both surfaces when young, sparsely pubescent when older, with shortly tomentose regularly pinnate veins; petioles less than 6 lin. long, hairy like the stem. Peduncle short, about 3 lin. long (fruiting peduncles on the lower part of the stem reach 14 in.), bearing few- (generally 3-) flowered cymes; pedicels separate from or very shortly adnate to the subtending leaf, very short, 2 lin. long, reaching nearly 6 lin., but not recurved in the fruit. Sepals ovate to ovate- lanceolate, subobtuse tu acute, 3 lin. long, dorsally pubescent like the bracts and young leaves. Corolla funnel-shaped, purple with paler limb, about 1 in. long. Capsule globose, 24 lin. in diam.; pericarp glabrous, brown, brittle. Seeds 4, brown, thinly pubescent. IMozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Muoa, Adissner, 55! near Bote (Buiti?), Adssner, 93! Gondoona, Adssner, 113! 15. A. hyoscyamoides, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 121. A robust, erect, perennial herb. ‘Stems sparsely clothed with whitish stellate hairs below, densely above. Leaves oblanceolate to narrowly elliptic-oblanceolate, 2-4 in. long, subacute, with a long weak mucro, narrowed to the base, margin repand above the middle sometimes with one or two more or less prominent teeth, distinctly petioled, thin, dull green and obscurely stellately pubescent above, densely clothed with soft greyish-white stellate pubescence beneath. Peduncles up to about 1 in. long, stiffly erecto-patent, few-flowered ; pedicels short; bracts minute, with dense stellate pubescence like the sepals. Sepals ovate- lanceolate, acute, 4-5 lin. long. Corolla funnel-shaped, about 9 lin. long; tube purple; limb pallid, glabrous. Capsule globose, glabrous, 4 lin. in diam. Seeds rough, sparsely hairy.—Convolvulus hyoscya- moides, Vatke in Linnea, xliil. 520. Wile Zand. British East Africa: Ukamba, Scott-Elliot, 6300! between Mombasa and Lamu, Whyte! Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 1942! Kirk! Nyika Country, Wakefield ! Mozamb. Dist. Lake Tanganyika, Cameron! German East Africa: lower plateau, north of Lake Nyassa, Thomson! Umba Valley, Smith! Karagwe; Bukoba, Stuhlnann, 3851. Usambara; Masheua, Holst, 8822! steppes on Ugweno Mountain, Volkens, 521! 16. A. tubiflora, Hallier f. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 228. A frutescent herb, erect, densely clothed with minute stellate grey-white verbascoid tomentum. Stems up to 16 in. long, robust, erect, unbranched, terete, glabrescent below, and covered with a smooth shiny paper-like cortex. Leaves cordate, acute, 38 in. long and as broad, grossly and bluntly sinuate-dentate, herbaceous, palmatinerved at the base, penninerved above; nerves prominent beneath; petiole nearly as long asthe blade. Peduncles axillary, solitary, 13-7 lin. long, robust, terete; flowers 3-5, umbellate, subtended by a pair of oblong or ovate-lanceolate caducous bracts, up to 9 lin. long, marked on the outside with several rather prominent parallel veins. Bracteoles 126 XC, CONVOLVULACE (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Astrochlena. minute, linear; pedicels a little longer than the peduncle, subclavate. Sepals herbaceous-membranous, subpellucid, bearing short grey tomen- tum on the outside and marked with three rather prominent parallel nerves, the two outer ovate-lanceolate, 6 lin. long, three inner larger, 10 lin. long, ellbygnle: oblong, obtuse or emarginate. Corolla hypocra- teriform ; tube 44 in. long, 1} lin. thick; limb white, a purple zone nearly 6 lin. ena below the limb ; midpetaline areas, grey-tomentose outside, plainly defined. Anthers included, linear-sagittate, 3 lin. long. Ovary shortly ovoid, glabrous. Capsule globose, glabrous, concealed in the enlarged sepals, about 6 lin. in diam., 4-valved, 2-celled. Seeds 4, trigonous, covered all over, but especially at the two lateral angles, with short grey-whitish tomentum. Nile Land. Galla Country: Irma, near the River Daua, on granite rocks, Riva, 1469. Not seen. 17. A. melandrioides, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 122. Stem 6 ft. long, erect, thick, woody, branched upwards, especially in the younger parts softly cinereo-tomentose. Leaves spathulate, about 3 in. long, 14 in. broad, entire, acute, mucronate, narrowed to the petiole ; petiole less than 6 lin. long. Flowers in dense few-flowered peduncled heads, the subtending leaf raised on the peduncle ; pedicels very short ; bracts broadly ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, subcarinate, ovate, as long as the sepals. Sepals lanceolate, acute, subcarinate, 6 lin. long, 13 lin. broad, Corolla funnel-shaped, subentire, up to 14 in. long, arin with a deep purple-violet base. Capsule glabrous, 4-valved. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: by the Ugalla River, Bohm, 255 18. A. cephalantha, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 122. Stem erect, clothed, especially towards the top, with long woolly hairs. Leaves shortly petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acute, gradually narrowing towards the subcordate base; petioles up to 8 lin. long. Flowers in very dense long-peduncled ‘(ap to 24 in.) axillary ‘heads ; leaves inserted on the lower peduncles much below the middle, on the upper higher, even above the middle; bracts exceeding and enveloping the sepals, broadly ovate-subcordate, long-acuminate, median nerve very prominent on the outside. Outer sepals broadly ovate, acute, 6 lin. long, up to 5 lin, broad. Corolla 2 in. long, 14 in. broad, similar in form and colour to that of 4. melandrioides. WMozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Muansa, south of the Victoria Nyanza, Stuhlmann, 4521. 19. A. polycephala, Hallier j. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 122. Nearly allied to A. cephalantha. Stem erect, densely hairy. Leaves shortly petioled, broadly lanceolate, entire, acute, narrowed to the base, carried up on the peduncles beyond the middle. Flowers in very dense many-flowered involucrate heads on long lateral peduncles, very numerous at the top of the stem; bracts very broadly ovate, acute, Astrochlena.| XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 127 densely rough woolly outside, with 5-7 subparallel black ribs. Corolla red, glabrous. Capsule glabrous, 4-valved. Other characters but especially the indumentum as in A. cephalantha. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Wadiboma (Kwadiboma ?), Fischer, 417, Distinguished from 4. cephalantha by the form of the leaf and colour of the ower, and also by the somewhat larger obscurely veined bracts and still coarser indumentum. 20. A. delamereana, Mendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 60. Shrubby. Stem robust, densely clothed as are the peduncles and petioles with subferruginous stellate tomentum. Leaves broadly ovate or sub- orbicular, 23-4 in. long and broad, apex subobtuse, inconspicuously mucronate, base shallowly cordate, undulate in the margin, stellate- pubescent on both surfaces, more densely beneath; veins prominent beneath and stellately tomentose; petiole $-1 in. long. Flowers in dense many-flowered heads; peduncles stout, 1-2 in. long, 1 lin. thick, free from the subtending leaf; pedicels under 2} lin. long; bracts small, oblong-acuminate, caducous, Sepals unequal, about 5 lin. long ; 2 outer ovate, subacute, stellate-pubescent, hiding the lanceolate inner ones. Corolla funnel-shaped, nearly 2 in. long, apparently a very pale purple. Filaments 4—6 lin. long. Ovary glabrous. Nile Land. British East Africa: Cantalla and Hadda, Delamere ! Imperfectly known species. 21. Ipomoea dendroidea, Choisy im Mém. Soc. Phys. Geneve, viii. 55. Stem shrubby, terete, branched, clothed like the leaves with yellowish-black stellate pubescence. Leaves linear-lanceolate, entire, obtuse, subsessile, 1-2 in. long, 3-6 lin. broad. Peduncle 1-flowered, very short. Calyx-segments ovate-oblong, obtuse, unequal, 3 lin. long, outer with a median line of stellate hairs, inner glabrous. Corolla funnel-shaped, yellow, scarcely 1 in. long; tube very narrow, glabrous. Capsule glabrous, 4-valved. Seeds like a grain of wheat, clothed with simple red-brown hairs.—DC. Prodyr. ix. 856. Lower Guinea. Angola: Paris Herbarium, Perhaps this is a species of Astrochlena. 25. QUAMOCLIT, Tournef. ex Moench, Meth. 453. Sepals herbaceous, subequal, small, glabrous, obtuse, often mucronu- late or appendaged below the tip. Corolla in African specimens hypocrateriform, scarlet, glabrous; limb small. Stamens and style exserted. Ovary glabrous, 4-celled, 4-ovuled. Pollen and stigma of Tpomea. Capsule 4-celled, 4-seeded. Seeds generally glabrous, dark.— Annual climbing herbs, usually glabrous. Leaves entire, lobed or pinnate. Flowers rather small, in lax cymes.—/pomea, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. 870, partly. 128 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Qwamoclit. Species about 8, in warm and tropical regions, chiefly American. Introduced in Tropical Africa. Leaves pinnatisect . 6 ‘ . F 4 . L. Q. vulgaris. Leaves entire or angulate-lobed . : é : . 2. Q. coccimea. 1. Q. vulgaris, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 336. Annual, glabrous. Stem slender, twining. Leaves pinnate, 14-2 in. long, pinnatisect with 8-10 pairs of linear spaced-out segments, all but the lowest simple ; petioles slender, shorter than the blade. Peduncles long, generally much exceeding the leaves, 2—3-flowered; pedicels about 1 in. long, thickened in the fruiting stage. Sepals small, oblong, obtuse, mucronu- late. Corolla scarlet, hypocrateriform; tube cylindric, 1 in. long; limb patent, 9 lin. in diam. with 5 ovate subacute lobes. Ovary completely 4-celled with 1 ovule in each cell. Capsule ovoid, about 4 lin. high.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 748. @. pinnata, Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 224; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 154, and in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 378. Ipomea Quamoclit, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1.159; Bot. Mag. t. 244. Upper Guinea. Liberia: Monrovia, Whyte! Lagos, Dawodu, 85! Southern Nigeria: Sapele district, Darker! Fernando Po, Barter, 1265! Mann, 400! Cameroons: Akwa, Dinklage, 153, and without precise locality, Brawn. South Central. Congo Free State: Bangala, 1000 ft., Hens, C, 136 Leopoldville, Duchesne. Lower Guinea. Prince’s Island: by thickets near Baixa de San Antonio, wild, but not indigenous, Welwitsch, 6209! A native of America now widely spread in the Oid World. 2. Q. coccinea, Moench, Meth. 453. Annual, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Stem slender, terete, twining or trailing. Leaves cordate-ovate, acuminate, entire or angulate-lobed, 1$-5 in. long; petioles slender as long as or longer than the leaf. Peduncles about as long as or longer than the leaves, few- to many-flowered ; pedicels generally longer than the calyx; bracts minute. Sepals oblong, obtuse, with a subulate appendage, about 3 lin. long. Corolla salver-shaped, scarlet, about 1 lin. long; limb obscurely 5-lobed. Capsule globose, 3 lin. in diam.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 335; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 154; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 742 partly. Quamoelit pheenicea, Choisy l.c. 836. Ipomea coccinea, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i, 160, JZ. phenicea, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, 11. 92. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Scott-Elliot, 3894! 3987! Johnston, 63! Gold Coast, Brown, 387! Lagos, Rowland! Fernando Po, Mann, 400! Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Welwitsch, 6212! Moller, 65. Widely spread in the warmer parts of both hemispheres; a native of Tropical America. 26. IPOM@GA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 870. Sepals herbaceous or coriaceous, very various in shape, often ovate to lanceolate, or elliptic, obtuse or acute to acuminate or aristate, un- equal or subequal, hairy or glabrous, persistent and often much enlarged in fruit. Corolla regular, usually funnel-shaped, rarely salver-shaped 4 “ Tponea. | XC, CONVOLVULACEA (BAKER AND RENDLE). 129 shallowly (rarely deeply) 5-lobed: midpetaline areas well-defined, and often hairy, especially in the young flower. Stamens inserted low down in the corolla-tube; anthers and stigma rarely exserted; filaments filiform, sometimes dilated at the base; anthers ovate-oblong or linear, sometimes spirally twisted when old. Disc annular, entire or sinuate, rarely obsolete. Ovary usually 4-ovuled, 2—4-celled, rarely 6-ovuled, 3-celled ; style filiform; stigma capitate, entire, or 2-lobed. Capsule globose or ovoid, usually 4- or 6-valved, rarely splitting irregularly or indehiscent. Seeds glabrous or hairy, 4-6, rarely fewer by abortion ; cotyledons broad, plicate.—Herbs or shrubs, usually twining, sometimes prostrate, creeping, rarely erect. Peduneles axillar Vas flowers 1, few or many in a lax or dense simple or compound cyme; bracts small or large, deciduous or persistent. Fiowers large or small, very various in colour, usually white or red-purple. Species about 400, spread throughout the tropical and subtemperate regions of both hemispheres. § 1. CanycaAnTtHEMUM.—Annual or perennial herbs of very various habit, rarely erect or suberect, often with long trailing branches or climbing. Leaves generally entire with entire or cordate base. Flowers small or moderate, rarely large; sepals herbaceous, ovate or lanceolate, rarely linear, acute to acuminate, rarely obtuse, sometimes broadened and cordate or auriculate at the base. Seeds often pubescent. Flowers minute. Sepals 2-3 lin. long. Corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx. Leaves entire. Leaf-base cordate. Capsule glabrous. Stems prostrate . : f ° 0 . L. L. verticillata. Stems climbing. Peduncle suppressed. Flowers geminate . 5. J. eynanchifolia. Peduncle 1-14 in. long. Flowers 6-8 ina lax cyme . : : 6 : . 6. ZL. Carsoni. Capsule hairy. Sepals acuminate. Corolla purplish. . 2. I. eriocarpa. Sepals blunt. Corolla yellow : 4. I. sulphurea. Leaf-base entire (rarely shortly cordate in ip lee canthemum). Corolla white , Z 5 : : ‘ . 3. LI. leucanthemum. Corolla red. : : : . : . 7. I. coscinosperina. Leaves deeply cut . : 6 6 . 8. L. kotschyana. Flowers small. Corolla less than 1 in. long (see also I. hackeliana and I. cardiosepala). Sepals 5 lin. long. Sepals broadly ovate. Corolla 6 lin. long. . 9. L. eurysepala. Sepals ovate-acuminate. Corolla 8 lin. long. . 10. L. commatophylla. Sepals 3 lin. long. Sepals bluntly ovate. Corolla6 lin. long. . 14. I, curtipes. Sepals linear-lanceolate. Corolla less than in’ long 6 3 . . . . 12. L. Morsoni. Stem climbing, puberulous. Corolla pale red. 11. I. leptocaulos. Stem procumbent, glabrous, Corolla yellow . 13. L. demissa. . Flowers moderate, rarely rather large. Corolla exceed- ing 1 in. in length (except ZL. hackeliana and J. cardiosepala). VOL, IY.—SEC. 2 iE 130 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). Sepals 2 lin. Jong, linear 3 Ab, Sepals 3 lin. long , narrowly ovate - . 16. Sepals 4-6 lin. long. Sepals linear or lanceolate. Corolla 2 in. long Corolla 14 in. long. ng aoe SEM Corolla 14 1n. long. ov ate or subov ate ; Corolla 1 in. long. Flowers in lax cymes, Leaves oblong-hastate . Sepals ovate or ovate- lanceolate (at least the outer) (elliptic in I. Seotellii), Corolla generally about 1 in. long. Flowers not capituliform. Leaves cordate at the base. Flowers solitary or geminate. Stem trailing ; sepals § in. long Flowers solitary. Leaves Flowers ternate. Leaves onli 5 dls}. 5 dg, . 36, Stem climbing ; sepals 4 in. long . 24 Flowers in sessile dichasia , 26 Flowers in dense (rarely lax) cae flow ered, long-stalked cymes . 22 Leaves linear to linear-oblong, narrow red fe the base 27 Leaves with truncate or Weubliastate pace 28 Flowers crowded in small heads. Corolla 1 in. long Corolla 2 in. long Sepals 9 lin. long, the outer ovate. Flowers in a head, on rather long peduncles. Corolla 12 in. long ¢ Flowers solitary. Corolla 23 in. long Outer sepals ovate with a cordate or truncate base. Stems procumbent. Sepals 4 lin. long. Corolla a little over 1 in. | Ipomoea. I. recta. I. mweroensis. I. blepharophylla. I. Debeerstit. I, Paulitschkei. I. hindeana. . I. asperifolia. . I. hypowantha. . I, Scotelliz. . L. tenuirostris. . I. @notherea, . I. adumbrata, . IL. fulvicaulis. . L. hewittiotdes. 20. I. porrecta. 29. I. Randit. ono. c - . : 5 oul Sepals 6-9 lin. long. Corolla 13-2 in. long . 382 Stems climbing. Corolla 8 lin. long 30 Corolla 2 in, long 37 Outer sepals with auricled base. Bracts minute. Corolla 6-8 lin. long 33 Corolla abont 13 in. long 34 Bracts foliaceous . : 35 . I. convolvulifolia. . LI. crassipes. . I. hackeliana. . I. heterosepala. . I. cardiosepala, . I. mombassana, . I. cordofana. § 2, DasycumtTra.—Perennial, prostrate or erect, strigose or woolly afissai, Leaves more or less ovate to obovate, entire. large. Only Tropical African species . Flowers solitary or few, moderate to Sepals lanceolate with a long slender tip, densely ciliate or woolly. . 38. I, linosepala. § 3. Invorucrarm.—Climbers, with generally a hairy stem and cordate-ovate hairy leaves. Sepals lanceolate, acute. Stem finely hairy or glabrescent 5 or sparsely hairy on back sepals glabrescent . 89. L, involucrata. Flowers in a dense head subtended by a leafy boat-shaped bract. Lpomeca. | XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 131 Stem, leaves, and sepals densely hairy ¢ f . 40. L. operosa. Sepals oblong-spathulate, blunt . 0 5 f . 41. J. pileata. § 4, CEPHALANTH®.—Annual or perennial herbs, low-growing and erect, or climbing, generally hairy. Leaves linear-lanceolate to ovate, or oblong, or orbicular, often cordate, sometimes palmately lobed or partite, hairy especially on the lower surface. Flowers in dense bracteate heads, generally densely hairy. Sepals herbaceous, lanceolate, often resembling the upper bracts. Corolla small, or mode- rate to large. Leaves not cordate-ovate, Leaves linear-lanceolate. Corolia exceeding 1 in. in length c : . 42. TL. crepidiformis. Wennes elliptic- lanceolate. Corolla Jess ‘Sheu 1 in. in length . : : . 43. 1. microcephala. Leaves oval narrowing equally at both ends. Corolla a little longer than the sepals. : . 44. 7. chloroneura. Leaves oblong with subcordate base. Corolla 2 in. long 0 : : 0 0 . . 45. LT. argentaurata. Leaves ovate to oblong. Corolla 1-14 in. long. . 46. L. abyssinica. Leaves ovate. Corolla 21 in. long . 3 . 47, I. Atherstonet. Leaves cordate-ovate, sername ‘(subcor dave mn Jf lasiophylla). Bracts foliaceous. Corolla barely 6 lin. long . é . 5 . 48. 2. amend. Corollal3in.long . : é . 49. J. velutipes. Bracts small, barely "excéeding. the calyx. Corolla me in.long : i . : . 51. 7. chrysochatia. Corolla 1 in. long : p : c : . 52, I. lasiophylla. Corolla 8 lin. long ; . : Q . 53, 7. galactorrhea. Leaves suborbicular. Bracts large : : ° . 50. LI. chetocaulos. Leaves trilobed. Leaf-base cordate. Corolla 2 in. long j c : 6 . 54. TL. elythrocephatla. Corolla 1-14 in. Tone, rose- ad : P : . 55. I. Wightit. Corolla less than 1 in. long, white with purple throat . a c . : 2 : . 56. 7. garckeana. Leaf-base reniform , 0 : : 0 . 57. T. whyteana. Leaves palmatipartite . 5 : . : : . 58. I. Pes-tigridis. § 5. CHorIsANTH#.—Annual or perennial herbs with slender climbing hairy stems. Leaves cordate-ovate, sometimes 3-lobed or palmatipartite, hairy, especially on the under surface. Peduncles often long, bearing few, several or many flowers in a dense to lax cyme; bracts generally small. Flowers moderate to large. Sepals herbaceous, lanceclate, acute, rarely exceeding 6 lin. in length, hairy and ciliate. Corolla reddish to purple. Flowers large. Sepals 3-1 in.long. Corolla 2-3 in. long 59. I. hederacea. Flowers smaller. Sepals 4-6 lin. long. Corolla 1-2 in, long. Leaves cordate-ovate, entire. Bracts small, shorter than the sepals, Hairs on stem white. ; j : : . 60. TZ. erioleuca, Hairs on stem yellow 5 ; : 5 . 62. IL. Kilimandschari. Bracts large ; : : : . 64. L. pharbitiformis, Leaves condaten ovate, 3- Toned Corolla about 2 in. long : : ; ‘ . 61. L. ficifolia, Corolla about 1 in. long : 4 c : . 68. TL. pilosa. 132 XC. CONVOLVULACE& (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Ipomea. ~ Leaves palmately 5-7-partite. Corolla 6 lin. long 65. 1. magnusiana. Corolla 9-8 lin. long. : : : 5 . 66. 1. Lugardi. Leaves palmately 3-partite : : 67. I. Henit. § 6. Lerocatyx (including § Batatas).—Habit various ; plants herbaceous or shrubby, with creeping, prostrate or climbing stems, usually glabrous. Leaves various, often ovate- cadet or oblong to linear or palmately cut. Flowers generally small to moderate, sometimes ee ee, euler or in more or less umbellate dichasia. Sepals usually coriaceous with thinner edges, sometimes verrucose or cristate on the back, oblong or ovate, rarely lanceolate, obtuse (sometimes mucro- nately) to acute, rar ely acuminate (orbicular in J. pulchella, spathulate in J. simon- stand). Corolla usually bright red or purple, more rarely white. Seeds small. glabrous or shortly hairy. * Leaves entire (see also 7. Batatas and I. leucantha). + Stem or branches twining. Flowers small to moderate, not exceeding 15 in. in length. Leaves ovate-cordate, margin entire. Peduncles 1—3-flowered, to many-flowered in I. kentrocarpa and I. micrantha. Corolla pallid with sharply marked purple eye. Corolla 13 in. long. : 3 . 68. J. kentrocarpa. Corolla 1 in. long : . 69. L. obscura. Corolla bright yellow with purple tubes 1i- 1d in.long . » ily Deochnacem. Corolla concolorous, nob exceeding i in. long. Seeds pubescent or velvety. Capsule not bearinga persistent apical spine. : : c 70. LT. fragilis. Capsule bearing a perictent arical spine. : 3 C . 73. L. acanthocarpa. Seeds glabrous . ; 72. I. micrantha. Flowers many, subumbellate ; corolla 1 in. long or less. Sepals cinereo-pubescent, 24 lin.long . 74. L. asclepiadea. Sepals glabrous, verruculose, 4 lin. long . 75. J. britteniana. Leaves cordate-ovate, irregularly toothed in the lower part. : . 6. I. Papilio. Leaves cordate-ovate, margin coar sky dentate 77. I, simonsiana, Leaves ovate or lanceolate, base cuneate . WS. I. lapathifolia. Flowers larger ; corolla 15— 3 lin. long. Flowers solitary. Leaf-base cordate. : é Leaf-base entire Peduncles many-flowered. Corolla campanulate-funnel-shaped, 13-2in. long. Sepals markedly mucronate . 81. J. fastigiata. Corolla funnel-shaped, 2 in. long. ¢ . 79. L. humifera. 80. 2. Barteri. Leaves typically ovate-cordate : . 82. L. nuda. Leaves very variable, never typically ovate- cordate . : . 83. I. hellebarda. Corolla funnel- shored: 24 3 in. long : . 84. L, shupangensis. a ee fae Lpomea. | XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 133 ++ Stem creeping or prostrate ; leaves very variable. Sepals blunt. Leaf-apex more or less acute, blade narrowing upwards : : : . ¢ 85. J. aquatica. Leaves with blunt, rounded, or incised apex. Leaves linear to oblong. . : . 86. L. stolonifera. Leaves reniform : : ‘ 87. I. repens. Leaves generally suborbicular, bilobed or with emarginate apex, base very obtuse or truncate : : : ; . 88. ZL. biloba. Sepals subobtuse to shortly acute. Leaves narrow linear (14 lin, broad) : : : . 91, L. simplex, var. obtusisepala. Sepals acute. Leaves broadly oblong, base sub- cordate. : : 2 : : . 89. 1 Protec. Sepals acuminate. Leaves oblong to elliptic, base entire. . 90. TL. arenicola, Leaves linear to linear-lanceolate . ; . 92. L. Welwitschit. ** Leaves more or less trilobed; sepals shortly acute. Corolla campanulate-funnel-shaped, 14 in. long . 94. L. Batatas. Corolla 9 lin. long . é : . 6 . 95. L, leucantha. *** Leaves palmately divided. Corolla 6 lin. long. Divisions of leaf 5, pinnatifid to pinnatisect (serrated only in var, malvefolia) . . 96. TL. dissecta. Divisions of leaf 5, elliptic, blunt . : . 97. I. pulchella. Corolla 1 in. long. Flowers solitary . ¢ 98. L. quinquefolia. Corolla 14-23 in. long. Peduncles few- to many-flowered. Outer sepals not gibbous at the base. Corolla 13-2 in. long. Leaf-segments 5, the lowest sometimes unequally bifid to tripartite : : c : . 99. I. palmata. Corolla 13 in. long, lLeaf-segments 7, narrow-linear to lanceolate , - . 100. J. stellaris. Outer sepals gibbous and tuberculate at the base. Leaves biternately pedatisect. Peduncles 1-3-flowered. Corolla about 2 in. long. Sepals 4 lin. long, gibbous at the base . 101. J. dasysperma. Sepals 5 lin. long, bicalearate at the base 102. JZ. calcarata. Peduncles many-flowered. Corolla 23 in.long 103. Z. saccata. Corolla 4in. long. Outer sepals toothed at the base 104. 7. odontosepala, Corolla 3 in. long. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate 93. J. bolusiana, § 7, ErtosPpERMUM.—Habit various ; plants generally more or less shrubby, with erect, suberect, or climbing stems, and generally more or less hairy. Leaves often ovate with a cordate base, but sometimes oblong, oval, orbicular, rarely lanceolate, Flowers generally large; sepals generally chartaceous or coriaceous, rarely mem- branous, hairy or glabrous, usually obtuse, sometimes cuspidate, elliptic to orbi- cular, sometimes ovate. Corolla large, showy, funnel-shaped or salver-shaped. Seeds (where known) long hairy on the angles, or whole surface villous. * Sepals chartaceous or coriaceous, + Corolla funnel-shaped or campanulate-funnel shaped. Sepals 1 in. or more long. Corolla 4-5 in. long. Sepals hairy. 134 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Jpomeea. Leaves oblong, up to 14 in. broad . 105. LF. prismatosyphon. Leaves ovate-suborbicular, over din. broad 106. 7. magnifica. Leaves cordate-ovate, up to nearly 5 in. broad . . . 107. I. macrocalyx. Leaves broadly- ovate, stalk ws longasblade 110. J. macrosiphon. Sepals glabrous. Leaves elliptic with retuse base. . 108. 7. Hanningtonii. Leaves lanceolate with wedge-shaped base 109. /. dammeriana. Sepals about 6 lin. long. Corolla about 3 in. long. Flowers solitary or in a simple dichasia. Leaves cordate-oblong. Bracts narrow 111. 7. verbascoidea. Leaves suborbicular to ovate, base shallowly cordate : : . 112, 2. dammarana. Leaves elliptic-oblong with broadly rounder or subtruncate base . 113. J. Bakert. Leaves broadly oval, base cordate. Bracts large. 0 . . 114. 1. lukafuensis. Flowers in a lax cyme. Leaves broadly elliptical with subcor- cordate base : . 115. 1. Wakefieldiz. Leaves ovate, base eabereneare’ bullae on upper face . - ; . 116. L. Grantii. Leaves deeply cordate 6 c . 117, L. Buchanani. Cymes dichotomous, many-flowered. Leaves cordate-ovate . ; . 118. 2. pringsheimiana. Corolla about 13 in. long. Bracts large and persistent . : . 119. L, cttrina. | Bracts small. Flowers springing from the same point 120. J. brasseuriana. Flowers in lax cymes . : : . 121. I. shirambensis. Flowers usually solitary. : . 122. L. gossypina. Sepals 3—4 lin. long. Leaves entire. Sepals not markedly unequal. Flowers few to many. Sepals ovate- lanceolate . : 5 . 123. L. lilacina. Peduncle short, 1-2-flower red. Sepals oblong 0 . . 124. L. hierniana. Two inner sepals conspicuously larger than the 3 outer. Bracts subfoliaceous, 8-4 lin. long =. 125. L, Holubii. Bracts small, 13 lin. or less 3 . 126. J. rhodesiana. Sepals accrescent, spreading in fruit .. 127. L. shirensis. Leaves palmatifid . : 9 : . 128. 1. digitata. ++ Corolla hypocrateriform. Leaves entire. Sepals 3-1 in. long. Sepals nearly 1 in. Corolla-tube about 33 in. long a i . 129. Lf. marmorata. Sepals ? in. Corolla- tube etvonts 23 in. long 180, L. grandiflora. Sepals 4—6 lin. long. Corolla-tube about 2} in. long . : . 131. LT. lapidosa. Corolla-tube 33-4 in. long. Filaments included . Z A : ‘ . 132. J. longituba. Ipomeea. | XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 135 Corolla-tube 4-5 in. long. Filaments ev- serted . ‘ : : : . 183. J. stenosiphon. Leaves multipartite . : : : . 184. L. bullata, ** Sepals membranous. Corolla less than 2 in. long . 6 . 185. L. pyramidalis. Corolla over 3 in. long. Outer sepals not shaggy at the base . 186. J. Hildebrandtiv. Outer sepals shaggy at the base . 187. L. incomta. § 8. XrRopHYTA.—Erect low-growing shrubs with slender stiff woody branches and small reniform hairy leaves. Flowers small. Sepals small, coriaceous, broad, obtuse. Corolla funnel-shaped, 1 in. or less long. Only Tropical African species. ; : . 188. J. Donaldsoni. § 9. ARGYROPHYLL&H.—Erect shrubs; young branches and lower surface of the leaves covered with silvery or white hairs (except J. argyrophylla, var. glabrescens). Leaves entire, lanceolate to ovate, obtuse, short-stalked. Flowers generally solitary on short axillary pedicels ; bracts narrow. Sepals lanceolate, acuminate, silky on the back. Corolla moderate to large. Near Section Florifere, which they resemble in the silvery or white indumen- tum, and the lanceolate silky sepals, but are distinguished by the leaves having an entire base, and the reduced inflorescence. Leaves ovate. : : 9 : : 9 . 1389. I. cicatrosa. Leaves narrowly lanceolate . 9 0 . 140. L. argyrophylla. Leaves suborbicular, obovate or oblong-lanceolate . . 141. L. adenoides. § 10. FrortFEr®.—FErect or climbing shrubs; the whole plant or the younger shoots and leaves, especially their lower surfaces, pubescent, tomentose or silky. Leaves entire, reniform to cordate-orbicular, long-stalked. Flowers in many- flowered dichasial cymes, generally large. Bracts resembling the sepals or narrower (minute in 7. Hartmanni). Sepals subcoriaceous, generally unequal, lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, acuminate (lanceolate to ovate and acute in J. Hartmanni, spathu- late in J. spathulata), silky, tomentose (J. chrysosperma) or hirsute (1, Hartmannt) on the back. Corolla generally pallid with a purple tube. Seeds, where known, hairy. Bracts about as long as the sepals. Sepals tapering. Leaves with cordate base. Bracts and sepals silky on the back. Indumentum on back of leaves, bracts, and sepals not silvery. Sepals barely exceed- ing 1 lin. in breadth =. é : . 142. I, kituiensis, Indumentum silvery. Sepals up to 2% lin. broad . , . . 148. J. nyikensis. Bracts and sepals tomentose on the back . . 144, L. ehrysosperma. Leaves with rounded base. . : : . 145. L. urbaniana. Sepals spathulate . 7 ‘ : : 3 . 146. I. spathulata. Bracts minute . : . , ; : 2 . 147. 1. Hartmanni. Position doubtful ; ; : : 5 : . 148. 7. Mahoni. § 11. PHyLLocAtyx.—Herbaceous or suffruticose. Stems climbing or trailing, hairy or glabrous. Leaves ovate-cordate, long-stalked, glabrous. Flowers showy, few to several in the axillary peduncles. Bracts large, foliaceous. Sepals large, foliaceous, with well-marked longitudinal veins, ovate, the obtuse apex bearing a short bristle, glabrous, the three outer much larger than the inner. Corolla 23-4 in. long . : : : ; : . 149. J. setifera. Corolla 13-13 in. long : : : ; é . 150. J. fimbriosepala. 136 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Jpomeea. 1. I. verticillata, Forsk. #l. “gypt.-Arad. 44. Aunual. Stem branching from the base; branches slender, prostrate, slightly hairy, or glabrescent. Leaves cordate-ovate, obtuse, obscurely mucronate, rarely obscurely trilobed, 1-2 in. long, glabrescent or obscurely pubescent on both sides; petiole slender, as long as or longer than the blade. Flowers 1—2-nate, on short pedicels, lengthening in the fruit, with a pair of minute lanceolate bracts at the base. Calyx 2 lin. long; sepals ovate to lanceolate, shortly acuminate, with fine spreading deciduous hairs. Corolla whitish, subcampanulate, a little longer than the calyx. Capsule globose, glabrous, about 4 lin. in diam. Seeds densely pubes- cent.—Vahl, Symb. iii. 83; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 123. J. geminiflora, Welw. Apont. 590; Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1894, 174; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 731. J. gnaphalosperma, Hochst. in Kotschy, Pl. Nub. Exsic. No. 123. J. Perrottetii, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 373. Convolvulus lasiospermus, Vis. Pl. Aigypt. Nub. 13, t. 1, fig. 2. I. rumicifolia, Choisy l.c. 351.; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 96. Nile Land. Soudan: Sedab, Schweinfurth, 536! Burri, near Khartoum, Schweinfurth, 809! Kordofan, Kotschy, 123! Sennar, Kotschy, 183! Cienkowsky. Eritrea: Shohos; Togodele, Hhrenberg; Dalak Islands, Ehrenberg. Abyssinia, Schimper, 1325. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Perrottet, Lepriéur / Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda, near Imbondeiro dos Lobos, Welwitsch, 6235 parily! Loanda, Gossweiler, 313 ! 2. I. eriocarpa, 2. Br. Prodr. 484. Annual. Stems long, slender, prostrate or high twining, pubescent. Leaves varying from cordate-ovate to linear-obleng, with cordate to subhastate base, acute, 14-5 in. long, 4-2} in. broad, slightly hairy on both sides chiefly on the veins ; petiole 1-2 in. long. Flowers few or many in a dense subsessile cluster; bracts small, lanceolate to subuiate, persistent ; pedicels sometimes as long as the calyx. Sepals very hairy, 2—3 lin. long, ovate, acuminate, with spreading tips. Corolla 3-4 lin. long, campanulate ; white with a purple eye or sometimes rose or purple ; midpetaline areas pubescent. Capsule globose, hairy, 2-celled, 4-seeded, 4 in. in diam. Seeds glabrous, finely punctate.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 869; Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 513; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1.732. J. hispida, Roem. & Schult. Syst. iv. 238 ; Hallier f. in. Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 123; and in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 92 ; Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 331; De Wild. & Dur. Reliq. Dewevr. 165. J. ligulata, Boj. Hort. Maur. 229. J. sessiliflora, Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp. 116 ; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 366. J. Rogeri, Choisy, l.c. 381. J. tremato- sperma, Hochst. ex Choisy, l.c. 367. Convolvulus hispidus, Vahl, Symb. Bot. iii. 29. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Roger, 116! Perrottet, 519! 520! Lepriéur ! Gambia, Jngram/ Sierra Leone: Hart! Scott-Elliot, 5186! Togo, Kling, 174; Biittner, 335; Warnecke, 253! Dahomey, Burton! Lagos, Rowland! Millen, 139! 167! Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 1027 ! Nile Land. Kordofan, Kotschy, 33! 289! Sennar, Kotschy, 146! 151! Gallabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 721! 2142! Abyssinia: Schimper, 198! Tpomea. | XC, CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 137 Bongo: Gir, Schweinfurth, 2531! Moru : Neangara, Petherick! Uganda, Wilson, 120! Semliki ; Ruwenzori, Scott-Elliot, 8080! Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Don! Lower Congo, Burton! Sinith ! Dewevre, 897, Hens, A278! Angola: Golungo Alto; Pereira stream, Welwitsch, 6144! Queta Mountains, Welwitsch, 6251! Canaulo, on the Ambaca road, Wel- witsch, 6232! River Delamboa, Welwitsch, 6196 ! 6233! South Central. Congo Free State: Upoto, Wilworth. Mtowa, Descamps. Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Krause. German East Africa: north of Lake Nyasa, Zhomson! Portuguese East Africa: near Lake Nyasa, Johnson, 396! Zambesi Delta; Vicente, Scott! Zambesi, Webb! British Central Africa: Boruma, Menyharth, 1083! Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 424! between Kondowe and Karonga, Whyte, 378 ! Also in Madagascar and through Tropical Asia to North Australia. 3. I. leucanthemum, /ailier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 124. A much-branched undershrub ; branches prostrate or ascending, half- climbing, slender, grey-pubescent. Leaves linear-oblong, 1-2 in. long, green and thinly hairy on both sides, cuneate or rounded or shortly cordate at the base, obtuse, minutely mucronate; petiole very short. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves on very short hairy pedicels. Calyx hairy, 3 lin. long; sepals unequal, ovate- or oblong- lanceolate. Corolla funnel-shaped, white, very hairy outside, scarcely longer than the calyx. Stigma with two oblong lobes. Fruit and seeds not seen.—Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 331. Calycanthe- mum leucanthemum, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 244, t. 40. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Rio de Sena, Peters; Lower Zambesi; near Tete, Kirk / We have no authenticated specimens of Klotszch’s species. The sepals in the plant collected by Kirk are much less acute than represented in Klotszch’s figure, but the plant agrees in other respects. 4, I, sulphurea, Hochst. ex Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 356, Annual. Stems slender, trailing, pubescent. Leaves entire, bluntly elliptic- ovate, obtuse, 1-2 in. long, usually shallowly cordate, slightly hairy on both surfaces; petiole 3-6 lin. long. Flowers few or many in the axils of the leaves on short pedicels; peduncle almost suppressed. Bracts small, ovate, about 1 lin. long. Calyx hairy, 3-4 lin. long; sepals ovate, blunt, the two inner rather narrower, lower half pale- coloured, upper half green and leaf-like, finally scariose. Corolla not exceeding the calyx, sulphur-yellow ; filaments slightly unequal; anthers cordate. Capsule globose, hairy, 3 lin. in diam, Seeds pubescent.— Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 124. J. vagans, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 70. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Perrottet! Lepriéur! Guinea, Isert! Nile Land. Kordofan; near Obeid, Kotschy, 273! Pfund, 47! 59! Abu Harasa, Pfund, 148! 5. I. cynanchifolia, (.B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 208 partly. Apparently annual. Stem climbing, slender, laxly hispidulose, 138 XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). [Zpomen. 12-15 in. long in the Angolan specimens. Leaves petioled, narrowly cordate, acuminate, mucronulate, reaching 2 in. long by 1 in. broad at the base, sparsely pilose on the veins on the lower face; margin ciliolate ; petiole slender, to 14 in. long. Peduncle obsolete ; flowers geminate on short pedicels. Calyx barely 3 lin. long; sepals ovate, blunt, the two inner narrower, lanceolate, ciliate. Corolla minute. Capsule globose, cuspidate, glabrous ; seeds 4, grey-pubescent.—Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 538; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 732. Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda; near Imbondeiro dos Lobos, Welwitsch, 6235 partly ! Loanda, Gossweiler, 226! Also in South Africa and Tropical Asia. 6. I, Carsoni, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894,71. Stem slender, pubescent, wide-climbing. Leaves ovate, entire, deeply cordate, 2-3 in. long, glabrous except for a few hairs on the main veins; petiole pubescent, 1 in. long. Peduncle pubescent, 1-14 in. long; flowers 6-8 ina laxcyme; pedicels 3-6 lin. long; bracts minute. Calyx 2 lin. long ; sepals hairy, lanceolate. Corolla very small. Capsule globose, 2 lin. in diam. Seeds dull brown, glabrous.—Dammer in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Fwambo, south of Lake Tanganyika, Carson ! 7. I. coscinosperma, /ochst. ex Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 354, partly. Annual. Stems trailing, slightly hairy. Leaves lnear- lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 14-24 in. long, entire, subobtuse, narrowed gradually to the base, sparsely hairy, chiefly on the nerves ; petiole up to 6 lin. long. Flowers 1—2 in theaxils of the leaves on very short pedicels. Bracts small, linear, tapering, 2 lin. long. Calyx 3 lin. long ; sepals lanceolate, glabrous but margin of the outer sepals often ciliate, abruptly acuminate from an ovate basein the fruit. Corolla red, slightly longer than the calyx, up to 4lin. long. Capsule globose, glabrous 3 lin. in diam. Seeds punctate.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 124. Nile Land. Kordofan; near Abu-Gerad, Kotschy, 17: and without precise locality, Kotschy, 45 ! Var. glabra, Schimper in Herb. Pl. Abyss, 2323.—Stem and leaves nearly or quite glabrous. Leaves linear-oblong, reaching 34 in. long by 9 lin. broad, but generally narrower. Sepals glabrous or sometimes with bristly ciliate margins.—J. polygonoides, Schweinf. Beitr, Fl. Aethiop. 95; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 124. I. coscinosperma, Hochst. ex Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 354 partly. J. permu- tata, Hochst. fide Schweinf. l.c. 96. Nile Land. Kordofan: atthe foot of Arashkol Mountain, Kotschy, 376! Abyssinia : near Gageros, 4000 ft., Schimper, 2323 ! Schweinfurth separates this specifically on account of the ciliated sepals, but this character is a very variable one in this alliance; of the two specimens, otherwise similar, which represent Schimper’s collecting, No. 2323 in the British Museum set, one has the sepals quite glabrous, the other strongly ciliate. It was on this collect- ing that Schweinfurth’s species was based. Kotschy’s 376 has the sepals quite glabrous, as is also the rest of the plant. Var. hirsuta, Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 66.—Stem and leaves more hairy. Tpomea. | XC. CONVOLVULACEA) (BAKER AND RENDLE). 139 Leaves varying greatly in size, especially in width, from narrowly linear-lanceolate, through linear-oblong to narrowly ovate, from 13-8} in. long, and from 3-17 in. broad. Sepals densely hairy on back, ciliate on margin.—Schweinf. Beitr. Fl, Aethiop. 95; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 346 ; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 124. Nile Land. Gallabat: near Matamma, Schweinfurth, 2145! Kordofan. Pfund. Eritrea: Habab, 6000 ft., Hildebrandt, 500! Keren, Steudner, 963, Abyssinia: near Selassaquilla, towards the River Tacazze, Schimper, 1245! near Gageros, 4000 ft., Schimper, 164, 2320! Hamedo Plain, 4200 ft., Schimper, 851! 8. I. kotschyana, Hochst. ex Choisy in DC. Prodr.ix. 854. Annual. Stems very slender, trailing, pubescent, 1-2 ft. long. Leaves orbicular, pubescent, 1—2-pinnatifid, 1-1} in. in diam.; lobes linear; petiole very short. Flowers solitary, axillary, subsessile. Calyx pubescent, 3 lin. long; sepals ovate,acuminate. Corolla funnel-shaped, half as long again as the calyx. Capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam. 3-celled, 6-valved. Seeds small, sparsely pubescent to glabrous, triquetrous. —Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 125. Upper Guinea. Senegambia: Dagana, Perroftet! and without precise locality, Heudelot, 734! Lepriéur. Nile Land. LKordofan, Kofschy, 13! 51! Darfur: Barkin, Pfund, 493! Eritrea: Keren, 4500 ft., Beccari, 149! 9. I. eurysepala, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 125. Annual. HKrect, dwarf, branched, hairy all over. Habit closely resembling that of I. coscinosperma, but the leaves are larger, elongate-ovate, acute, rounded at the base, pale green, the longest nearly 2 in. long, and above lin. broad. Sepals larger and much broader than in the species mentioned, broadly ovate with a less deep green point, 5 lin. long and 2} lin. broad at the flowering time, densely shortly pilose. Corolla scarcely longer than the calyx. Capsule glabrous. Seeds 4, pale yellow, finely punctate. Nile Land. Kordofan, Pfund. 10. I. commatophylia, 4. Rich. Tent. Pl. Abyss. 11. 65. Peren- nial. Stems tufted, suberect, pubescent, up to 1} ft. long. Leaves rhomboid, cuneate at the base, 3-lobed, the mid lobe ovate and much exceeding the lateral lobes and irregularly grossly dentate, pubescent, 14-2 in, ‘long, narrowing to a subacute base ; petiole under 1 in. long. Flowers solitar Y> subsessile in the axils of the leaves. Calyx barely ‘6 lin. long ; sepals abruptly acuminate from a lighter-coloured ovate base. Corolla tubular-campanulate, back hairy, margin densely ciliate, half as long again as the calyx. Capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam., 2—4-valved. Seeds small, covered with a short dense brown pubescence. —Convolvulus commatophyllus, Steud. in Schimp. Exsic. No. 783. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Hamedo Plain, 4600 ft., Schimper, 172! near Gapdia, Schimper, 783! and without precise locality, Quartin Dillon. Var. angustifolia, Oliver in Trans, Linn. Soe. xxix. 116. Leaves narrower, with a lanceolate terminal lobe. 140 XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). | [pomeea. Nile Land. Uganda: Unyoro, upon and near surface rocks in the forest, Speke & Grant ! This comes very near the Australian J. heterophylla, R. Br., with which it is united by Hallier in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 125. The seeds of the Australian plant are slightly smaller, and have a mottled brown-black pubescence, whereas the seeds in the African specimens bear a shorter uniform brown pubescence. 11. I.leptocaulos, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 126. Peren- nial. Stems long, slender, climbing, like the whole plant sparsely and minutely puberulous. Leaves long petioled, 14-24 in. long, #-14 in. broad at the base, deeply cordate-sagittate, acute, sometimes glabrous above, pubescent beneath. Peduncle very short, 1—-2-flowered ; pedicels subclavate, up to 6 lin.long. Sepals linear-lanceolate, equal, pubescent, glaucous green, 3 lin. long. Corolla under 1 in. long, pale red, funnel- shaped. Capsule small, glabrous. Upper Guinea. Togo: near Bismarckburg, Biittner, 365. 12. I. Morsoni, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 71. Annual. Stems very slender, twining, subglabrous. Leaves entire, cordate-ovate, acuminate, sparsely hairy on both surfaces, up to 24 in. long, with a broad rounded open basal sinus; petiole 1— ie Lin. long. Flowers solitary a om the axils of the leaves on peduncles 3 3-4 lin. long. Calyx glabrous, 3 lin. long; sepals ovate, acute to acuminate. Corolla funnel-shaped, Satish! twice as long as the calyx. Fruit and seeds glabrous. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Morson ! 13. I. demissa, Hallier /. in Hagl. Jahrb. xviii. 129. Perennial. Stems slender, procumbent or flexuose at the tip, glabrous. Leaves shortly petioled, cordate-ovate, 14 in. long, glabrous, ciliate ; petiole clothed with minute spreading hairs. Peduncle 1-2 -flowered, about 1 in. long ; pedicels divaricate, subclavate, 6—8 lin. long ; bracts minute, sub- clavate. Sepals linear-lanceolate, acuminate, pubescent, 3 lin. long. Corolla under 1 in. long, chamois yellow, funnel-shaped.—Hallier f. 1m Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 38; Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 331. Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa: Uniamwezi; Gonda (Igonda), Bihm. 38. Hallier (in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 88) places this species between J. fragilis and I. obscura in the section Leiocalyx, but the linear-lanceolate, very acute, shortly cinereo-pilose sepals seem to remove it from this affinity. 14. I. curtipes, Kendle. Annual. Stems slender, twining, finely pubescent, with a faint reddish tinge. Leaves entire, linear-oblong narrowing to the apex on the upper part of the shoot, becoming cordate-ovate below, apex subacute, mucronulate, basal lobes rather small, rounded, spreading, slightly pubescent on both sides, hairs adpressed, 14 — 2 in. long : ; petioles slender, $-lin. long. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves; ipadleineles almost suppr essed: bracts small, lanceolate, about 1 lin. long ; pedicels 3 3-4 lin. long. Calyx thinly pubescent ; sepals ovate, obtuse, 22-3 lin. long, the inner slightly narrower with shortly acumi- nate apex. Corolla funnel-shaped, purplish, very hairy, 6 lin. long. Filaments unequal, 12—2 lin. long, base slightly dilated and shortly hairy ; ; Tpomeec. | XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 141 anthers cordate, } lin. long. Ovary hairy; annular disc conspicuous ; style 2 lin. long. Fruit and seeds not seen.—/. aff. leptocaulos, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 127. Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, iii. 3! 15. I. recta, De Wild. Htudes Fl. Katanga, 114. Stems erect, unbranched, 8-10 in. long, densely covered with short spreading hairs. Leaves linear-lanceolate with cuneiform base and apex, apiculate, {—11 in. long, 14-25 lin. broad, upper surface thinly hairy, lower surface with a silvery indumentum, margin ciliate; petiole 1 lin.or lesslong. Flowers axillary, solitary, erect ; peduncle hairy, 5 lin. long, bearing above the middle two linear-lanceolate persistent bracteoles, 34—5 lin. long. Sepals linear, about 2 lin. long and barely | lin. broad, hairy on the median nerve. Corolla tubular-funnel-shaped, about 1+ in. long; tube slightly swollen at the middle and 1-1} lin. in diam. at the base. Stamens alternately long and short, hairy at the base. Ovary glabrous. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; Lukofu, Verdick, 306. 16. I. mweroensis, Baker in’ Kew Bulletin, 1895, 291. Stems wide-climbing, slender, purple, clothed with fine spreading hairs. Leaves petioled, cordate-ovate, acute, 1{-1} in. long, green, and hairy on the main nerve on the upper face, thinly pilose and purple beneath ; petiole about 6 lin. long. Cymes laxly few-flowered ; peduncle nearly as long as the leaf, 14-14 in. long; pedicels long; bracts lanceolate. Calyx 3 lin. long; sepals narrowly ovate-acuminate, slightly pilose. Corolla white, with 5 pilose bands outside, broadly funnel-shaped, 1+ in. long. Stamens 4 the length of the corolla. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Tanganyika-Moero Plateau, Carson, 23 ! Resembles 7. mombassana, Vatke, but is distinguished by the shorter sepals without the sagittate base. 17. I. blepharophylla, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 125. Rootstock woody. Stems slender, trailing, densely clothed with short yellowish spreading hairs. Leaves linear to linear-oblong, obtuse, mucronate, rounded at the base, 14-2? in. long, to about 4 in. broad, sparsely pilose on both sides, or often only on the nerves of the under face, margin densely ciliolate; petiole very short. Peduncle very short, 1-flowered ; bracteoles minute, linear. Calyx shortly hairy and ciliate, 6 lin. long. Sepals, 3 outer lanceolate subobtuse, 2 inner narrower and slightly longer. Corolla reddish, narrowly funnel-shaped, 2 in. long; tube slender, cylindrical in the lower third. Capsule glabrous.— Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 732. Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: Afrom plains, Johnson, 728! Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1818! Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambaca, Welwitsch, 6193 ! Var. cordata, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1896, 37.—Leaves ovate-oblong, broader than in the type, cordate at the base. Mozamb. Dist. British Hast Africa: Kikuyu; Marungu, Gregory ! 142 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | [pomeea. 18. I. Debeerstii, De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 114. Stems erect, unbranched, about 8 in. long, densely clothed with long spreading hairs (reaching 14 in. long). Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, acute or api- culate, with broadly cuneiform or rounded base, #—-14 in. long, 33-5 in. broad, rather deep green and bearing long hairs on both surfaces, margin long-ciliate ; petiole 1 lin. long. Flowers axillary, solitary, erect ; peduncle about 6 lin. long, clothed with long hairs, and bearing above the middle two lanceolate-oblong persistent bracteoles, 6-8 lin. long, often unequal. Sepals linear, hairy, about 4 lin. long, and 1} lin. broad. Corolla tubular, funnel-shaped, barely 13 in. long; tube very slightly swollen in the middle, and 1-1} lin. in diam. at the base. Stamens alternately long and short, hairy at the base. Ovary glabrous. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; Upper Marungu, Debeerst, 95. 19. I. Paulitschkei, Schweinf. < Volk. Liste Pl. Somalis, 10. A glabrous perennial, with prostrate grooved trigonous stems. Leaves shortly petioled, oval or subobovate, 1 in. long, glabrous on both sur- faces, ciliolate on margin, often shallowly 3-lobed. Flowers ternate ; peduncle as long as the petiole (about } in.); pedicels short ; bracteoles minute. Sepals 5 lin. long, lanceolate, unequal, distantly ciliate, clothed at the base outside with white bristly hairs. Corolla 14 in. long. shortly funnel-shaped, glabrous, rose-purple; lobes rounded, reaching halfway down. Filaments short, less than 1 lin. long; anthers linear-sagittate, 2 lin. long. Style very short, scarcely } lin. Ovary 4-celled; seeds 4, glabrous, smooth.—Ghika, Pays des Sorhalis, 210. Nile Land. Somaliland; between the Rivers Jerer and Faf, Prince Ghika. 20. I.porrecta, Rendle ¢ Britten in Journ. Bot.1894,172. Perennial. Stems from a nodose woody rootstock 2—5 ft. long, sarmentose, clothed as are the petioles, peduncles, bracts and sepals, with short stiffish yellowish hairs. Leaves shortly petioled, narrowly elliptic or fre- quently narrowly ovate-triangular with a shortly cordate base, 13-2 in. long, 6-9 lin. broad, obtuse, with a mucro, subglabrous except on the veins, shortly ciliate on the margin. Cymes dense; peduncles up to 24 in. long, few-flowered ; pedicels very short ; bracts lanceolate-subulate, 4-5 lin. long. Sepals 9 lin. long, about equal in length, but the outer broader, ovate, acuminate, and the inner almost subulate. Corolla funnel-shaped, rose-violet, 1} in. long, slightly pilose outside.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 733. Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambaca; hilly places near Puri-Cacarambola, Welwitsch, 6194! Amboella; Quiriri River, above Sakkemecho, 4000 ft., Baum, 820. Hallier in Baum’s Kunene-Sambesi Exped. 346, cites Baum’s plant as “I. Gle- pharophylla, Hallier f., var. cordata, Rendle=TI. porrecta, Rendle and Britten” ; it is therefore doubtful whether the number should be included here or under 7. blepharophylla. The two species are quite distinct, the several-flowered almost capitate inflorescence at the end of the long peduncle, being charaeteristic of J. porrecta. Ipomea. | XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 145 21. I. asperifolia, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 128. Stems from a thickened woody rootstock, slender, trailing, densely clothed with short yellowish spreading hairs. Leaves oblong-ovate to triangular- mucronate, base retuse to shallowly cordate, ovate, obtuse, 15-24 in. long, clothed in both surfaces with short stiffish yellowish adpressed hairs ; petiole very short, generally less than 6 lin. Flowers solitary or geminate in the axils of the leaves; peduncles 4-1 in. long; bracteoles linear, 3 lin. long; pedicels short. Calyx eis, like the leaves, 6 lin. long; sepals ovate, acute, the two inner lanceolate. Corolla funnel- shaped, purple or rose-colour, twice as long as the calyx. Capsule glabrous, shorter than the,calyx.— Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 733. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla, bushy pastures near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 6126! 22. I. tenuirostris, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 379. Perennial Stem slender, twining, more or less densely clothed with yellowish spreading hairs. Leavy es entire, cordate-ovate, acute, mucronate, 1$-34 in. long, somewhat sparsely clothed on both surfaces with short _adpressed hairs; petiole hairy like the stem, 1-2 in. long. Peduncle 1-3 in. long; cymes generally dense, many-flowered, compound ; pedicels anerer ; bracts lanceolate, acute, about 14 lin. long, hairy like the sepals. Calyx densely minutely hirsute on back and margin, hairs yellowish. Sepals 4—5 lin. long, ovate-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, the inner narrowly lanceolate. Corolla funnel-shaped, | in. long, midpetaline areas very distinct, minutely hirsute, white with a purple throat. Capsule globose, glabrous, beaked with the indurated persistent style base, 5 lin.in diam. Seeds brown, minutely velvety, bearing long cottony-white hairs on the upper angles.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl] .Abyss. ii. 70; Engl. Hochgebirgsfi. Trop. Afr. 346 and in Ann. Bot. Istit. Roma, vii. 229; Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 128. J. acuminata, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894,72 not of Roem. & Schult. J. halleriana, Britt. in Journ. Bot. 1894, 170. J. zambesiaca, Britt. Le. 85 not of Baker. Convolvulus tenuirostris, Steud. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. 1064. Nile Land. Eritrea: various localities, Schweinfurth § Riva, 846! 905! 1080! 1146! 1149! Terracciano & Pappi, 180, 1052, 1292; Ragazzi, 285; Abyssinia, 6500-7500 ft.: Memsach; near Gennia, Schimper, 1064! Tigre; Mount Sholoda, Schimper, 373! Begemeder; Anadehr, Schimper, 601! Amora Gettel, Schimper, 1467! Ankober, Roth, 420! and without precise locality, Schimper, 62! Plowden! Steudner. Somaliland: Harar, Robecchi-Bricchetti, 34. Uganda : Kavirondo; between Nandi and Kakamagas, 4000-4500 ft, and two days? march from Nandi, Whyte! British East Africa: by the River Kiroruma (Kiloluma), Gregory ! IMozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; between Kondowe and Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte! Masuka Plateau, 6500-7000 ft., Whyte! Shibisa to Tshinmuza, Kirk! Blantyre, Buchanan, 107! Mount Chiradzulu, Whyte! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 394! 560! 23. I. fulvicaulis, Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 128. Perennial. Stems from a woody rhizome, slender, twining, densely persistently pubescent, with yellow-brown hairs. Leaves elliptic-ovate, 14-3 in. 144 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | [pomea. long, 2-1} in. broad, entire, obtuse or emarginate, base shallowly cordate to subtruncate, thinly pubescent above, densely pubescent beneath, especially on the nerves; petiole from j—2 in. long, very pubescent, like the stem and peduncle. Peduncle 3-1} in. long ; flowers few, capitate ; bracts ovate, foliaceous, persistent, covered on the back and margin as are the sepals, with the characteristic yellowish hairs. Calyx } in. long; sepals acute, outer ovate, inner narrower. Corolla funnel-shaped, more than | in. long, purple, midpetaline areas sparsely pilosulose. Fruit and seeds not seen.—Aniseia fulvicaulis, Hochst. in herb. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 74; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 431. Wile Land. Abyssinia: Mount Sholoda, near Adowa, Schimper, 270! and without precise locality, Parkyns! British Kast Africa: Gopo Lal Maru, Gregory ! Wozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Mount Mlanji, Whyte ! 24. I. hypoxantha, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 128. Peren- nial. Stems from a woody rootstock, climbing, clothed, like the leaves, with short adpressed yellow pubescence. Leaves shortly petioled, cordate- oblong, obtuse or mucronate, nearly 1} in. long, 1 in. broad, glabrescent above, densely clothed with short yellow hairs beneath. Peduncle 1-flowered, nearly 1 in. long; bracteoles a little below the calyx, small, subulate. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, acute, minutely hoary, puberulous, 4 lin. long; outer rather broader. Corolla above 1 in. long, entire, thinly hairy.—J. fulvicaulis, var. depauperata, Hallier f. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvul. 93. South Central. Congo Free State: Lunda; Mussumba, Pogge, 334. Apparently a distinct species, differing from J, fulvicaulis in the solitary flowers, small bracts, and somewhat smaller sepals. 25. I. hewittioides, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii, 127. Perennial, with a tuberous rootstock. Stems prostrate or wide- climbing, sparsely clothed like the petioles and peduncles with spread- ing fulvous hairs. Leaves subcordate-ovate, acute, sometimes slightly pandurate, becoming more or less oblong to oval with a short cordate base in the lower part of the shoot, 14-3 in. long, $—24 broad, deep green and glabrescent above, paler beneath, with prominent sparsely pilose ribs, margins slightly sinnate and ciliate; petioles 14-1} in. long. Peduneles axillary, very short or long (varying in Welwitsch’s specimens from 14-10 in.), bearing several closely crowded flowers; bracts ovate, acute, 4-1 in. long and about 4 in. broad, fringed with stiffish yellow hairs, resembling and closely applied to the outer sepals. Sepals diminishing in width from the outer to the inner, the two outer ovate, the median lanceolate, the inner linear-subulate. Corolla pale red or purple, with a lighter limb, 2 in. long, funnel-shaped above, tubular below.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 733; Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901,14. JZ. andongensis, Rendle and Britten in Journ. Bot. 1894, 171. I. crassipes, var. hewittioides, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vil. 49. | | Tpomea.] XC, CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 145 Lower Guinea. Augola; swamp near Kitamba, Buchner, 578 ; Pungo Andongo ; Sansamanda, Welwitsch, 6195! Luxillo, Welwitsch, 6223 ! Hallier has identified the Welwitsch numbers at the British Museum with his I, hewittioides, which differs (from the description) in having a very short subterminal peduncle (axillary in the penultimate leaf-axil) ; in the Welwitsch plants peduncles are present in most of the leaf-axils, and are generally long. We are unable to follow Hallier’s more recent placing of the species as a variety of JZ. crassipes, from which if seems very distinct; it is more nearly allied to J, fulvicaulis both in leaf-form and in the dense severslenowered inflorescence. 26. I. Scotelli, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 18. A low-growing, perennial undershrub; shoots 2-4 in. long, slender, spreading flexuously from a stout woody rootstock, and, like the petioles, densely covered with short stiffish spreading yellow- brown hairs. J.eaves truncate-cordate, 1-14 in. long and generally as broad, apex rounded or scmetimes emarginate, densely covered on ouln surfaces, especially on the veins, with short stiffish adpressed hairs ; petioles $ to barely 1 in. long. Flowers in axillary sessile dichasia, buds bluntly conical ; bracteoles narrow ly linear-lanceolate, barely 3 lin. long, hairy on the back like the leaves and sepals ; pedicels 2 2 lin. long or shorter. Calyx d lin. long; sepals densely minutely hirsute, the outer elliptic-subacute, 2 lin. broad, the inner linear-acute, less than + lin. broad. Corolla purple, fabularintandibuliform, barely 1 in. long; tube barely 1 lin. in diam. above the base; midpetaline areas minutely hirsute, con- spicuously trinerved. Fruit not seen. Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa: Urundi, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8373 | 27. I. G¬herz, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 125. Annual. Stems many, ascending, pilose, 6-8 in. long. Leaves See basal linear, 25 in. long, about 3 3 lin. wide ; cauline linear-oblong, 1} in. long and about 7 lin. wide, al] subacute, repand (sometimes with one or two teeth near the base), narrowed to the base. Peduncles 1- flowered, about 1 in. long. Sepals ovate, acuminate, subaristate, under 6 lin. long, outer broader than the inner. Corolla purple, 1 in. long and broad. Capsule glabrous. Seeds with white hairs.—Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. i. 49. Convolvulus @nothere, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 520. Nile Land. British East Africa; Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2767. Also in the Transvaal and Natal. 28. I. adumbrata, Rendle d Britten in Journ. Bot. 1894, 173 Suffruticose. Stems prostrate, covered with short whitish hairs, as are the petiole and peduncle. Leaves shortly petioled, oblong, 6-9 lin. long, 5—4 lin. broad, obtuse, truncate or slightly hastate at the base, with the veins raised on the under surface and clothed with short white hairs, densely spotted on both surfaces with minute somali glands, as - are the bracteoles and sepals. Peduncles 1-2- flowered, 3 lin. long ; bracteoles 2, narrowly linear-lanceolate, ciliate, 3 lin. ene Sepals VOL. IV.—SEE€. 2. L 146 XC. CONVOLVULACEZ (BAKER AND RENDLE). [ /pomea. ovate, acuminate, pilose, ciliate, 4-6 lin. long, outer much _ broader, inner very acuminate. Corolla probably rose-red, 1-1} in. long, sparsely and shortly pilose.— Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 14. 7. crassipes, var. ononoides, Hallier f.in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vil. 45. J. crassipes, Hook., teste Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1. 732. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla ; in exposed bushy ground near Mumpulla, Welwitsch, 6128 ! 29. I. Randii, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 18. An undershrub. Stems strong, prostrate, subtriangular, 14 lin. thick, bearing, like the peliiales and pedicels, numerous short stiffish reddish-brown hairs. Leaves ovate, 3 to barely 34 in. long by about 1? in. broad just above the base, apex Pearl base “truncate, bearing numerous short adpressed pale brownish or reddish- brown stiffish hairs on each side, and a dense marginal fringe; veins conspicuous beneath; petioles up to 10 lin. long. Flowers solitary in the leaf-axils ; peduncles up to 12 in. long ; bracteoles beneath the calyx, narrowly linear-lanceolate, about 7 lin, long, and (like the sepals) densely minutely hirsute on the back. Calyx 10 lin. long. Sepals acuminate, diminishing in breadth from the outer, ovate, to the inner, lanceolate. Corolla purple, funnel-shaped, over 2 in. long; midpetaline areas minutely hirsute. Fruit not seen. Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia, Buluwayo, Rand, 271! 30. I. hackeliana, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 126. Annual. Stems slender, climbing, pilose. Leaves ovate or lanceolate, cordate or subtruneate at the base, pellucidly glandular, sparsely pilose on both surfaces, margins cr imped, pilose, up Foie 1} in. long and 9 lin. broad ; petiole 2 2 8 lin. long. Peduncle about 6 lin. en: : Bracts lanceolate fexeren a narrowly cordate base, 1-14 lin. long, ciliate on midrib and margin. Calyx hairy, about 6 lin, long ; sepals very unequal, the two outer ovate from a cordate base, blunt, the two inner lanceolate in the upper part, but narrow and linear below. Corolla funnel-shaped, rose-red, about 8 lin. long; midpetaline areas hairy. Capsule hairy. Filaments unequal, 2-3 lin. long; anthers lanceolate with sagittate base up to 1 lin. long. Seeds 4, blackish, hairy.—Aniseia hackeliana, Schinz in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 274. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland, Olukonda, Schinz, 749 } 31. I. convolvulifolia, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 126. Perennial? Stems long, procumbent with a woody base, clothed with adpressed yellow hairs. Leaves cordate-subsagittate, 1 in. long, 8 lin. broad, apex rounded, often mucronate, with rounded parallel basal lobes, deep green and thinly pubescent above, g grey pubescent, with prominent yellowish veins beneath ; petiole less than 6 lin. long. Peduncle short, (rarely up to 6 lin. long), 1—2-flowered ; pedicels subclavate ; bracts minute, linear. Sepals 4 lin. long , adpressed and minutely pubescent ; 3 outer broader, ovate-lanceolate, Wacurninate; broadened at the base, 2 inner linear-lanceolate. Corolla funnel-shaped, rose-red, minutely Ipomea. | XC, CONVOLVULACEH® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 147 puberulous, above 1 in, long. Capsule glabrous.—Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, 200. Nile Land. Niam-Niam: Gumango Hill, Schweinfurth, 2926. 32. I. crassipes, Hook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4068, var. shirensis, Baker. Stem slender, wide-trailing, very hairy, hairs fulvous, long, spreading. Leaves ovate, obtuse, 1-12 in. long, with long breading fulvous hairs on both sides, truncate at the base ; petiole {+ in. long, hairy like the stems and peduncles. Flowers solitary, rar ely geminate, peduncles erect, shorter than the leaves (barely 1 in. long), with a pair of large persistent ovate foliaceous bracteoles a little below the calyx ; pedicel about 2 lin. long. Calyx like the leaves hairy, 7-8 lin. long; sepals unequal, the outer ovate, subacuminate, the inner narrower. Corolla funnel-shaped, bright red, 14-2 lin. long. Capsule globose, 4 lin. in diam., glabrous. Seeds glabrous. IMozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands Buchanan, 89! Matope tov Mandala, Scott-Elliot, 8443 ! Characterised by its long tawny hairs on stem and leaves, and the blunt leaves, Var. hirta, Hallier f. in Baum, Kunene-Sambesi Exped. 346. Shoots including peduncles, bracts and sepals densely covered with short fulvous to pale ferruginous subadpressed hairs. Leaves short-stalked, narrowly oblong-lanceolate to ovate, with a shallowly cordate base, 1{-3 in. long, }-1} in. broad, subobtuse ; petioles 1-7 lin. long. Peduncles short, scarcely exceeding the petioles, or longer, }-1?# in. long; bracteoles linear-subulate, barely 1-5 lin. long; pedicel equal to the peduncle or shorter, 1-6 lin. long, Outer sepals ovate with scar cely cordate base, 6-9 lin. long, the narrow inner sepals slightly longer. Corolla 13 in. long, limb pale rose-colour, throat deeper. Lower Guinea. Sonthern Angola: Chitanda River, below Goudkopje, 3800 ft., Bawm, 151! Kubango River, above Kuimarva, 3300 ft., Bawm, 454 Var. wkambensis, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 46. An undershrub; branches prostrate, flexuose, clothed, but not densely, with short whitish spreading hairs. Leaves oval or ovate-oblong, apex obtuse, base rounded, up to 14 in. long and 6 lin. broad, sparsely hairy, like the stem, on both surfaces. Pedunecles shorter than the leaves, about 1 lin. long; bracteoles linear to narrowly elliptic, 3 in. long, pedicel about equal to the peduncle. Calyx 6 lin. long, hairy like the leaves, outer sepals ovate, base scarcely cordate. Corolla 13 in. long; limb lighter coloured than the throat.— I. ukambensis, Vatke in Linnea, xlili. 510. J. oblongata, Dammer in Engl, Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 331, not of E. Meyer. Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2762! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, below Marangu, 3700- 4000 ft., Volkens, 2189. 33. I. cardiosepala, Hochst. ex Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 429, not of Meissn. Annual. Stems very slender, trailing or twining, often branching, pilose, sometimes glabrescent. Leaves cordate-ovate, mem- branous, “thinly hairy, entire, 1-2 in. long, acute or obtuse; petiole Bout as long as the blade. Peduncles often short, but varying from 4_?2 in. long, 1—3-flowered ; pedicels short, deflexed in the fruiting stage ; bracteoles minute, lanceolate. Sepals 3—4 iin. long, the three outer ovate 148 XC. CONVOLVULACEA! (BAKER AND RENDLE). | /pomea. trom a broad cordate base, the two inner narrow, oblong-lanceolate to lanceolate; back minutely pilose, margin conspicuously ciliate. Corolla purplish, funnel-shaped, twice as long as the calyx. Capsule globose, glabrous, about 3 lin. in diam., 2-celled; seeds densely tomentose.— Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 508; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 733; Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii, 61. J. blepharosepala, Hochst. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 72; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Adthiop. 995. T. calycina, Benth. ex C. B. Clarke in Hook. fil. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 201, not Meissn.; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 129, and in Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anstalt. xv. 41. Aniseia calycina, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 429. Dr. Capua (in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 227) proposes three varieties under J. calycina (cardiosepala, blepharosepala, and neglecta) based on the relative length of peduncle and petiole, and petiole and lamina, and on the form of the basal lobes of the outer sepals, whether cordate or cordate-sagittate. These varieties are founded on specimens from Eritrea, and it does not seem possible to extend them to a series embracing the whole of Tropical Africa. A larger suite of specimens includes numerous intermediate additional forms, and it seems better to consider them all as mere forms of a somewhat variable species. Wile and. Nubia: Suakim, Lord! Sotvrba Mountains, Schwein- furth, 2178! Kordofan, Pfund, 113! 422! 483! 525! Kotschy, 207! 384; Eritrea : Dahlak Archipelago, Steudner, 949. Terracciano, 17, 348, 450, 679, 948 ; Pappi, 4503; and various localities, Ragazzi § Pappi, 12388 ; Terracciano, 29, 39; Terracciano & Pappi, 7, 31, 45, 2520; Pappi, 31, 2956, 3861, 8420, 4034; Ragazzi, 135; Hildebrandt, 501! Schweinfurth §& Riva, 102! Steudner, 949! 951. Ehren- berg. Abyssinia: Modat, Schimper, 1780! Schahagenne, Schimper, 358! and without precise locality, Schimper, 319! Roth, 423! Somaliland: near the River Web Ruspoli, Riva, 871; Milmil, Riva, 284; Nabr Aual, Robecchi-Bricchetti, 341 ; Goetten, Miss E. Cole! and without precise locality, Mrs. Lort Phillips! British East Africa: Njemps, Gregory! between Kikuyu and Eldama Ravine, Whyte! Makindu River, Adssner, 568! Lower Guinea. Angola: Provinces of Barra do Dande and Loanda, Wel- witsch, 6237! Forte de Conceicao, and between Camama and Calumba, Welwitsch, 6238! Barra do Bengo; between Quicuxe and Cacuaco, Welwitsch, 6236 ! Mossamedes; River Bero, Welwitsch, 6133! Loanda, Gossweiler, 151! 271! 323! Penedo, Gossweiler, 1512! between Edira and Humbe, 4000 ft., Bawm, 80! Ger- man South-west Africa: Otyimbingue, Fischer, 107, 108; Olukonda, Schinz, 747. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Rhodesia; Buluwayo, Rand, 366! Ngamiland; Kwebe, Lugard, 125! Mrs. Lugard, 159! Wobis to Shaw Valley, Baines! Bechuanaland; eastern Bamanguato Territory, Holub ! Also in South Africa, Socotra, and India. 34. I. mombassana, Vatke in Linnea, xliii.515. Annual. Stem slender, twining, somewhat laxly pilose, hairs spreading. Leaves entire, ovate from a cordate-sagittate base, acute to subacute, membranous, 1-3 in. long, green and slightly hairy on both surfaces; petiole nearly or quite as long as the blade, or sometimes longer. Flowers solitary on long axillary peduncles exceeding the leaves (4-17 in. long) and bearing above the middle a pair of minute lanceolate acuminate bracteoles, or forming a lax few-flowered monochasial cyme (24-3 in. long), bearing narrowly lanceolate long acuminate bracts, 2—3 lin. long ; peduncles and pedicels minutely pilose or puberulous. Calyx 4-6 lin. 4 LIpomea. | XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 149 long ; sepals linear-acute from a hastate base, (base of two inner sepals less dilated and elliptic), margin long-ciliate, back sparsely puberulous. Corolla funnel-shaped, whitish with a purple throat, glabrous, 14-12 in. long; midpetaline areas very distinctly limited. Fruit unripe, glabrous, beaked with persistent style-base ; seeds not seen—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 130; Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 331. Nile Land. British East Africa: Lower Tana Valley, Lake Dumi, Gregory ! Mombasa, Hildebrandt, 2048 ! Mozamb. Dist. (erman East Africa, Hannington ! 35. I. cordofana, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 350. Perenniai. Stems slender, trailing, laxly pilose, hairs long, spreading. Leaves entire, cordate-ovate-orbicular with a broad open sinus, obtuse or sub- acute, 1-3 in. long and broad, glabrous above, green and thinly hairy, chiefly on the veins on the lower face; petiole hairy like the stem, 1—2 in. long, Peduncles usually shorter than the leaves, 1—3-flowered, hairy like the petioles; pedicels stouter and shorter than the peduncles ; bracts ovate, acute, foliaceous, persistent. Calyx hairy, 8 lin. long; sepals linear tapering from an ovate-cordate lower portion (the two inner much narrower, not cordate). Corolla funnel-shaped, white, 1} in. long, glabrous ; midpetaline areas well defined. Capsule globose, 4 lin. in diam. Seeds glabrous.—Ipomea auriculata, Hallier f. in Eng). Jahrb. xviti. 130. Latatas auriculata, Hochst. ex Choisy, le. Nile Land. MJKordofan: Arashkol Mountain, Kotschy, 195! WKatul Gambara, Pfund, 211! and without precise locality, Kotschy, 409 ! 36. I. hindeana, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 13. A low under- shrub, with thinly hairy branchlets. Leaves oblong-hastate, about 1 in. by barely half as broad, obtuse, subcordate at the base, dark green and glabrous on the upper surface, minutely hirsute on the veins beneath andonthe margin. Flowersin lax 2-flowered axillary cymes ; peduncle about } in. long; pedicels as long as the peduncle ; bract lanceolate, 24 lin. long. Sepals lanceolate, acute, barely 6 lin. long, sparsely hairy. Corolla funnel-shaped, 1 in. long, probably white; midpetaline areas well-defined, sparsely pilose. Wile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba; Machakos, Hinde! The foliage, inflorescence, and flower suggest I. mombassana, but the sepals show no trace of the basal auricles which characterise that species. 37. I. heterosepala, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 222. Stem slender, wide-climbing, pubescent when young; second year stems with a thin wrinkled easily separable cork layer, bearing conspicuous lenticels. Leaves long-petioled, cordate-ovate, 5-4 in. long, 25-3 in. broad, acuminate, blunt and mucronate at the apex, entire, membranous, green and thinly pubescent on both surfaces, chiefly on the veins. Cymes laxly few-flowered; peduncle 6-8 lin. long. Bracts small, lanceolate from an ovate-cordate base, 3 lin. long. Sepals unequal, membranous, acute, sparsely pubescent to glabrescent, the outer 150 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Jpomea- large, cordate-ovate, 10 lin. long. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, white, midpetaline areas dark, puberulous, a little over 2 in. long and as broad ; limb hardly at all lobed. Style half as long as the corolla.— Hallier f. in Ann. [stit. Bot. Roma, vil. 233. Nile Land. Somaliland: Golis Range at Darra-as, Miss Edith Cole! Mrs. Lort-Phillips! Sheik Pass, Mrs. Lort-Phillips ! 38. I. linosepala, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 130. An erect, much-branched perennial, with a thick fusiform woody root. Stem branched from the base; branches (4—6 in. long) and branchlets subspreading, generally thin, densely leaved and clothed like the leaves with dense long spreading yellowish hairs. Leaves nearly sessile, oval, becoming more or less oblanceolate to obovate, shortly acute to obtuse, base obtuse to subacute; blade rarely exceeding 1 in. in length often less. Flowers solitary on short pedicels (4 lin. long or less) from the axils of the upper leaves with a pair of long linear-subuiate brac- teoles, above 6 lin. Jong, below the flower. Sepals linear-lanceolate below with a long linear-subulate upper portion, nearly 8 lin. long, densely ciliate like the young shoots. Corolla probably 1 in. long when spread, infundibuliform-campanulate, pale rose outside, in- tensely blood-red inside (Welwitsch); midpetaline areas trinerved and bearing in the upper portion a few of the characteristic hairs. Capsule dehisced, apparently subspherical, about 3 lin. in diam., valves rather thin, 2-celled, 2-seeded. Seeds blackish, minutely pubescent.— Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 734. J. wiphosepala, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 69. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; rocks near Catete, Welwitsch, 6191! 39. I, involucrata, Beawy. Fl. Owar. ii. 52, t. 89. Annual. Stems slender, twining, finely hairy to glabrescent. Leaves cordate- ovate, acute, entire, membranous, more or less adpressed, hairy on both faces, 14-3 in. long, 1-24 in. broad; petiole as long as the blade. Peduncle slender, 1-3 in. long; flowers several to many in a head, enclosed in a large hairy foliaceous boat-shaped bract, 15-2 in. in diam., with two cusps; inner bracts smaller, biuntly-obovate or oblanceolate to linear-oblong. Sepals glabrescent or sparsely hairy on the back, margin strongly setose, especially above the middle, lanceolate, acuminate, about 6 lin. long, the inner shorter and ovate. Corolla funnel-shaped, bright rose-red, 14-2 in. long; limb 15—2 in. in diam. ; midpetaline areas conspicuous, minutely pilose. Capsule small, globose, glabrous. Seeds shortly pubescent or glabrous.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 365; Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 116; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 346; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviil. 135, and in Bull. Herb. Boiss. v. 375; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1. 735; De Wild. & Durand in Bull. Herb. Boiss. ser. 2, i. 36, Contrib. Fl. Congo, i. fase. 2, 43, and Relig. Dewevr. 165; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, 200; var. hirsuéior, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 466. Convolvulus perfoliatus, Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 89. a pe Ipomea. | XC. CONVOLVULACEE (BAKER AND RENDLE). 151 Upper Guinea. Senegambia: Perrottet, 508! Heudelot, 751. Gambia, Ingram! Brown-Lester, 24! Sierra Leone, Barter, 1748! Don! Scott-Elliot, 3845 ! Reade! Turner! Smeathman! Liberia: near Monrovia, Whyte ! Cape Palmas, Vogel, 43! Gold Coast: Aburi, Johnson, 239! Ashanti, Cummins! Dahomey, Burton! Togo: Bismarckburg, Kling, 175; Biittner, 119, 221. Lagos, Barter, 20185! Dawodu, 18! Irving! Southern Nigeria: Onitsa, Barter, 1748! Cameroons, Bates, 44! Dinklage, 218, 1148, Braun. Fernando Po, Vogel, 234! Nile Land. Uganda: Unyoro forest, Grant! Ruchigga, 7000 ft., Bagshawe, 527! Musozi, Bagshawe, 9! Kavirondo, Whyte / Scott-Elliot, 7103! 7406! Ruwenzori, Scott-Elliot, 7981 ! Lower Guinea. Gaboon; Sibange, Soyaux, 385! 398! Bittner, 378. Lower Congo: Msuata, Bittner, 379 ; Kisantu, Gillet, 4496, 760; Bingila, Du- puis; Lobe, Dewevre, 246; Leopoldville, Luwja! and without precise locality, Laurent, Cabra, Descamps ; Smith, 63! Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 6188 ! Huilla, Welwitsch, 6123! and without precise locality, Curnonn Monteiro / South Central. Congo Free State : various localities, Hens, 107! Biittner, 380; Pogge, 972, 1188, 1198, 2027 Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Zanguebar, Kirk, 77! Kilimanjaro to 8400 ft., Meyer, 104, 303; Gouda (Igonda), Bohm, 273; Ukira, Fischer, 414; Rungwe Stock, 5500 ft., Goetze, 1189; Kinga Mountains, Goetze, 1202. North of Lake Nyasa, Thomson! British Central Atrica: Kambole, south-west of Lake Tanganyika, 5000 ft., Nuff! Urungu; Fwambo, Nutt! Rhodesia, Salisbury, Rand, 561 ! Var. albiflora, Welw. ex Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 735.—Corolla, accord- ing to Welwitsch, smaller than in the type, campanulate and white. No flower is present in the specimens, but an unexpanded corolla measures nearly 1 in. long. Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; thickets between Bengo and Sange, near Canaulo and Camilungo, Welwitsch, 6189 ! 40. I. operosa, (. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 275. Stems climbing, densely pubescent. Leaves distinctly petioled, cordate-ovate, 4—5 in. long, acute, upper face covered with short adpressed whitish- | yellow hairs, lower face shortly tomentose. Flowers many in a dense head; bract large, cymbiform, acute, clothed with long hairs, especially at the base. Sepals unequal, narrowly eet ae acute, densely pilose, about 6 lin. long, the outermost 7 lin. Corolla bright red, glabrous, not lobed, 1} in. long. Stamens half as long as the corolla. . tnvolucrata, var. operosa, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. 29.0: Chole Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Zomba, Kirk ! Whyte ! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 370! A troublesome weed with a long spongy tap-root. 41. I. pileata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, ii. 94. Annual. Stems very slender, twining, shortly pilose. Leaves cordate-ovate, acute, entire, membranous, i —2 in. long and broad, green and thinly hairy above, paler and thinly hairy beneath ; petiole slender, as long as the blade or shorter, pubescent. Peduncle $—-2 in. long. Flowers few or many in a dense head enclosed in a large foliaceous boat-shaped bract, 14 in. or less in diam., with two cusps ; inner bracts narrowly elliptic to 152 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). [ [pomea. subspathulate, obtuse. Calyx barely 6 lin. long; outer sepals spathu- late-oblong, the inner lanceolate. Corolla-tube slender, cylindrical, 1 in. long; limb spreading, about 1 in.in diam. Capsule small, globose, fragile, glabrous. Seeds glabrous or thinly pubescent.—Wight, Ic. t. 1363; Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 365. Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, ser. iii. 1! Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson! Nyasaland: Lake Nyasa, Simons ! and without precise locality, Cameron, 7 ! Also Tropical Asia and the Mascarene Islands. The corolla-tube is much narrower than in J. involucrata, with which it is united by Hallier, and the sepals also differ in shape. 42. I. crepidiformis, Hallier 7. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 131. Annual, erect, branched, almost with the habit of Crepis; stem 2 ft. long,with laxly leafy branches, clothed with adpressed hairs, somewhat silkily strigose at the apex. Leaves sine tly petioled, linear-lanceolate to oblong, acute or obtuse, entire, 2—25 in. long, 3—9 lin. broad, sparsely pilose above at first white- silky eocne ‘sparsely pilose when mature. Flowers congested in small dense heads, with rigidly erect, rather slender, sub- erect or ascending peduncles, about 3 in. long; bracts small, setaceous, long ciliate. Sepals lanceolate, broader and rather longer than the bracts, tapering at the apex, 3 lin. long, white-silky with a conspicuous green lip. Corolla rose-red, above | in. long; midpetaline areas minutely silky outside, and limited by a more deeply coloured nerve.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 31. 7. tanganyikensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1895, 70. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uniamwezi; Gonda (Igonda), Bohm, 265; Masai Steppes, Stuhlmann, 938; Ugogo, Stuhlmann, 344. Lake Tanganyika, Cameron! British Central Africa: Urungu ; Fwambo, Carson, el Var. minor, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 20.—Shoots reddish, up to 9 in. long and 1 lin. thick ; upper leaves reaching 14 in. long by }in. broad —/. taborana, Dammer in Engl, Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 333 (plant not TOW Wile Land. British East Africa: Machakos, 5000-6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6391! Wozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uniamwezi; Tabora, Stuhlmann, 595. 43, I. microcephala, /allier f. in Hngl. Jahrb. xvi. 131. Annual. dems erect, simple, densely leaty, 3-1 ft. long. Leaves subsessile, elliptic- Snceolete! acute, #—1} in. long, 6 lin. broad, minutely hairy, above, shining white-silky beneath. Flowers in dense globose heads on long peduncles, Sepals narrow and ciliate, just like the bracts. Corolla. under 1 in. long, 5 lin. in diam. —Hiallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvill. 31. Nile Land. Somaliland: Alghe, Riva, 1319. Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa: Kagehi, Fischer, 413. Very near J. crepidiformis, Hallier f., but, according to the author, easily distinguished by its lower dense growth, elliptic leaves with their silvery under- isis and small flowers. It it evidently very near to the var. mixor, but differs in its much broader leaves. Tpomea. | XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 153 44, I. chloroneura, /allier f. in Hngl. Jahrb. xviii. 132. Annual. Main stem erect, a few inches high, branched from the base ; branches widely spreading, prostrate or ascending, and again branched ; branches and branchlets especially when young bearing, like the petioles and peduncles, dense adpressed short white hairs and longer spreading golden-yellow hairs. Leaves entire, oval, obtuse, 1-21 in. long, up to 13 lin. broad, generally narrower, when young bearing dense adpressed white hairs above, similarly but still more densely hairy beneath, with a line of golden hairs on the veins and margin ; older leaves less densely and conspicuously hairy ; petiole 3—6 lin. long. Peduncles 1-15 in. long, increasing to 2} in. or more in fruit. Flowers few ina small dense head ; outer bracts foliaceous resembling the young leaves in form and covering, but smaller, about 6 lin, long (including the stalk), persisting and enlarging in fruit (to 1 in.). Sepals sub- equal, elliptic-lanceolate, 3 lin. long, lower half with thinner glabrous edges, thicker median portion prolonged above into an almost filiform _ densely hairy tail. Corolla funnel-shaped, ‘‘ whitish or very pale yellow ” (Welwitsch), a little longer than the calyx; midpetaline areas well-defined, bearing short white hairs, which also project from the tip of the blunt corolla-lobe. Capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam. Seeds with a pale fawn-coloured silky pubescence.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 734. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; by the river Cuanza, near Lombe, Welwitsch, 6181! Huilla; about Lopollo, Welwitsch, 6132! by the Kuito River, between Kutue and Sobi, Bawm, 755! Mozamb. Dist. British Ceutral Africa: Ngamiland; Botletle Valley, Lugard, 190! 45. I. argentaurata, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 132. In habit and indumentum closely resembling J. chloronewra, but much larger. Leaves shortly petioled, oblong with a subcordate base and rounded mucronate apex, up to 24 in. long by 3-1} in. broad, densely strigose on the upper surface and deep green, silvery-silky below, veins contrasting less with the intervening leaf-space, than in J. chloroneura. Heads of flowers much larger than in J. chloroneura, densely strigose, as is sometimes also the stem, with long golden-yellow hairs. Bracts about 1 in. long, hairy like the calyx. Sepals linear-lanceolate or almost linear, acuminate, about § lin. long, silky white on back with yellow strigose margin. Corolla large, funnel-shaped, entire, whitish, 2 in. long, nearly 1} in. wide; midpetaline areas adpressed, hirsute. Capsule glabrous ; seeds covered with a dense dark brown pubescence.—/. anuena, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 466, not of Choisy. Upper Guinea. Togo: between Misahéle and Bismarckburg, Bittner, 746. Lagos : Ado, Rowland! Northern Nigeria: Zungeru, Elliott, 16! Nupe, Barter, 1031! Quorra, Vogel, 123 ! Closely allied to 7. chloroneura, but differing in its much larger flowers and flower-heads, leaves with subcordate base, &c. 154 XC. CONVOLVULACE& (BAKER AND RENDLE). [ [pomea, 46. I. abyssinica, Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 94. Stems’stout, woody, hollow, erect, nearly 2 ft. long and 2 lin. thick at the base, densely hairy. Leaves ovate or the lower smaller ones more or less oblong, ascending, entire, acute or the lower obtuse, 14-3 in. long, {-1} in. broad, greenish and hairy above, whitish and oe densely hairy beneath ; petiole very short. Flowers in dense heads from the axils of the upper Jeaves on ascending peduncles, 1-2 in. long, mixed with persistent lanceolate very hairy foliaceous bracts, reaching 14 in. long. Sepals ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, apex acuminate, the outermost nearly 8 lin. long by 2} lin. broad, the innermost 6 lin. long by 14 lin. broad, densely covered on the back with long yellowish hairs. Corolla campanulate-funnel-shaped, I-14 in. long, and about as broad, tube and throat deep red-purple, limb yellow, silky outside. Fruit and seeds not seen.—Hallier f.in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 132; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 346. Convolvulus echioides, Hochst. in Schimp. Pl. Abyss. Ser. i. No. 351. Argyreia ? abyssinica, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 332; A. Rich. Tent. FI. Abyss. ii. 63. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Mount Scholoda, Schimper, 351! Amogai, 6800 ft., Schimper, 371! near Tchelatchekenneh, on the River Tacazze, Quartin-Dillon. Shireh, Quartin-Dillen, 64! 47. I. Atherstonei, Baker in Dyer, Fl. Cap, iv. ii. 53. A shrubby perennial. Stem trailing, angular, densely covered with short stiffish tawny spreading hairs. Leaves ovate, entire, 1#—2 in. long by about 14 in. broad, apex emarginate, base truncate or shallowly retuse; surfaces and margins bearing a dense tawny tomentum ; veins conspicuous on the lower face ; petiole barely 6 lin. long. Peduncles hairy like the stem and petiole, 14 in. long, bearing a dense few-flowered cyme, which may be re- duced to 5 solitary flower. Bracts lanceolate, subacute, about 6 lin. long, tomentose like the leaves and sepals. Calyx 9— iid lin. long, outer sepals ovate, acute, Inner narrower. Corolla purplish 2} in. long ; midpetaline areas pilose. Fruit and seed unknown. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa, lat. 28°, Chapman & Baines ! Also in Bechuanaland and the Transvaal. 48. I, amoena, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 365. Annual. Stems twining, densely clothed with fine soft spree golden-yellow hairs, associated in the younger parts as also in the petiole and peduncle with short adpressed white hairs. Leaves entire, shallowly cordate, ovate, acute, 11-31 in. long, 2-2 in. broad, green and slightly hairy above, densely clothed with long adpressed whitish silky hairs Woneeiney and on the veins and margin w ith longer yellow hairs; petiole $—-3 in. long, densely hairy like the young shoot and peduncles. Peduncles exceeding the petiole of the subteeding leaf, but generally shorter than the leaf. Flowers in a densely hairy cymose head ; bracts persistent, folia- ceous, the outer bluntly linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, 6-8 lin. long, sometimes nearly 1} in. in the fruiting stage,clothed with adpressed white Ipomeea. | XC. CONVOLYULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). 155 silky hairs beneath like the leaves, and in the lower part and on the margin with the characteristic yellowish hairs; the inner similar but smaller. Sepals subequal, shorter than the bracts, linear-lanceolate, acute, 3 lin. long, densely clothed, especially in the upper part, with long stiffish yellowish hairs which project beyond the tip. Corolla funnel-shaped, purple-violet or milky with a purple-crimson throat, twice as long as the calyx (barely 2 lin. long) ; midpetaline areas bearing long stiffish hairs on the upper part of the limb which project in a tuft at the top of the lobes. Capsule small, vlabrous, 2-celled. Seeds 4, with a short brown pubescence.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 135, xxviii. 31; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 734 ; Durand & Schinz, Etudes FI. Congo, 199. Wile Land. Nubia, Kordofan, Sennaar, Husson (teste Hallier f.). Upper Guinea. Senegambia: Heudelot, 146! Gambia: Ingram! Park! Gold Coast: Krepe Plains, Johnson, 544! Cape Coast Castle, Brass! Lagos, Rowland! Northern Nigeria: confluence of the Niger and Benue (Chadda) Rivers, Barter ! Lower Guinea. ower Congo: Kisantu, Gillet, 66. Boma, Dupuis ; and without precise locality, Smith! Cabra! Angola: Ambriz, at Quizembo, Welwitsch, 6197! Cazengo; River Luinha, on the way up to Mount Muxaulo, Welwitsch, 6198! Golungo Altc; Bango and Canaulo, Welwitsch,6199! Pungo Andongo, Welwitsch, 6200 ! South Central. Congo Free State: Mtowa, Descamps. Central Congo: Ukoti, Wilwerth. Manganga, Demeuse ; between Nyangwe and Kimbundo, Pogge, 989 ; Bolama, Pogge, 1186. 49. I. velutipes, Welw. ea Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1894, 175. Perennial. Stems climbing, the barren shoots covered with a thick pale straw-coloured tomentum, the flowering almost glabrous. Leaves long-petioled, cordate-ovate, acuminate, entire, 4-6 in. long and nearly as broad, rather smaller on the flowering branches, those of the barren shoots more or less thickly tomentose on both sides, those of the flower- ing shoots only slightly hairy on the veins. Peduncles robust, longer than the leaves ; flowers subcapitate ; bracts lanceolate-acuminate, the outer largest, 2] in. long, thinly shortly hairy on the back, margin glandular. and ‘shortly ciliate. Sepals similar in shape to the bracts, rather more pilose, 5 lin. long. Corolla infundibuliform-campanulate, fugacious, 14 in. long, rose-red on the outside, inside (especially in the lower half) a deep shining blood-purple. Capsule globose, thin-walled, hairy, about 3 lin. in diam., 4-valved. Seeds shortly hispid, hairs brown.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 735. 1. Verdickit, De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 113, t. 3, figs. 9-16. Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; Zengas do Queta and Queta Mountains, Welwitsch, 6142! 6226! 6227! 6228! 50. I. cheetocaulos, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 133. Stems long, climbing, clothed with spreading golden-yellow bristly ibaines Leaves suborbicular, long-petioled, cordate, acuminate, angled, 35 in. long and about 3 in. broad, densely strigose and yellowish-g green above, pallid and less hairy beneath ; petiole up to.4 in. long. Flowers in 156 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLB). | Jpomeea. dense heads on stiffly spreading peduncles, as long as the petioles; bracts large, broadly ovate, acute, with stiff spreading hairs, the outer 9 lin. long, nearly 8 lin. broad. Calyx and corolla known in bud only. Wile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas; Schweinfurth, 2607. 51. I. chrysocheetia, Hallier f.in Lngl. Jahrb. xviii. 133. Stems slender, wide-climbing, thinty clothed with spreading rather bristly hairs. Leaves exactly cordate, acuminate, over 3 in. long, by barely 21 in. broad, adpressed strigose on both sides, rough and dark ae above, a little paler with dark reticulated veins beneath ; petiole 1- long, clothed, as are also the neighbouring parts of the stem, with Toate spreading yellow hairs. Flowers in dense dark heads on stiff distant peduncles 1—24 in. long, grey-hirsute, especially at the apex; bracts small. Sepals scarcely larger “than and similar to the bracts, lanceolate, acute, hairy, 5 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad. Corolla funnel-shaped, glabrous, 12 in. long, 14 in. wide, probably rose-red. Fruit and seeds not seen. —Hallier f. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvil. 93. J. polytricha, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 71. Lower Guinea. Loango: near Chinchocho, Soyauwx, 83! Lower Congo: woods at Bingila, Dupuis ; Kisantu, Gellet, 1125. I. lasiophylla, Hailier f. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 94, and in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 32. A climbing pubescent herb; branches terete, woody, which like the petioles and peduncles are hoary- or yellowish-puberulous, Leaves subcordate, acuminate, 2 in. long, 1} in. broad, rather densely covered on the dull green upper surface with an adpressed yellowish somewhat silky pubescence, and with a dense hoary somewhat silky pubescence beneath; petiole 9 lin. long. Flowers small, sessile, crowded in peduncled axillary hoary pubescent heads ; peduncles about 1 in. long; heads about | in. in diam. ; bracts ovate- lanceolate, acute, scarcely exceeding the sepals, 6 lin. long,rather densely heary pubescent on the margin, laxly so on the back. Sepals like the bracts and scarcely smailer. Corolla funnel-shaped, 1 in. long; mid- petaline areas slightly pubescent.—/pomea sp., Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb, xviii. 154. South Central. Congo Free State: Lomami River, Pogge, 1215! «In the character of the indumentum and the form of the flower-heads and their bracts this species seems nearest to J. chrysochetia, but is easily distinguished by its finer, softer, greyer hairs, which are denser on the under side of the leaf, and also by the smaller corolla.””—Hallier f., l.c. 53. I. galactorrhoea, Hallier f. in Hngl. Jahrb. xxvii. 33. A climbing tomentose herb. Branches herbaceous, subcompressed, clothed like the peduncle and petiole with tawny yellow tomentum and longer scattered spreading hairs. Leaves long-petioled, cordate, acuminate, 23 in. long, 24 in. broad, dull dark green “above, and clothed with a somewhat hoary adpressed pubescence, and with dense white arachnoid hairs beneath ; nerves light yellowish-green ; petiole 14 in. I pom. XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 1d7 P long. Flowers. small, subsessile in long-peduncled axillary heads, clothed with a whitish tomentum ; peduncles strong, often bent, up to 4 in. long; bracts small, ovate-lanceolate, acute, margin white, densely dotted with black glands; the two outer bracts 5 lin. long by 14 lin. broad. Sepals ovate-lanceolate, subequal like the bracts but a little smaller, about 3 lin. long and 1 lin. broad. Corolla funnel-shaped, 8 lin. long, clothed with white woolly hairs outside below the lobes. Capsule globose, densely pubescent. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 651. Very nearly allied to J, Wightit and I. elythrocephala, but easily distinguished, by the smaller bracts, sepals, and corolla. Also characterised by the dense black glandular dots on the bracts and sepals. 54. I. elythrocephala, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 134. Stems. slender, widely climbing, more or less densely covered, especially on the younger parts, with long spreading tawny hairs. Leaves cordate-ovate,, shallowly palmately 3—5-lobed, 1$—-3 in. long and broad, green and thinly hairy above, matted with white tomentum beneath, with short adpressed tawny hairs marking out the veins; end lobe deltoid; side. ones rounded below, more or less coarsely dentate above; petiole as long as the blade. Peduncle generally about as long as the subtending leaf; flowers in a dense head; bracts small, linear-oblong to lan- ceolate, obtuse, persistent, the two lowest and largest about 6 lin. long,. mottled like the leaves with white tomentum beneath, margin and lower portion of back bearing the characteristic yellow-brown stiftish hairs; sepals linear-lanceolate, subacute, barely 6 lin‘ long, hairy like. the bracts; corolla funnel-shaped, 2 in. long, 1$—2 in. in diam. at the throat; midpetaline areas with short soft woolly hairs; fruit and seeds not seen.—Hallier f. in Comptes-Rendus Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvi. 81 (elytrocephala), and in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 94; Henriq. in Bull. Soe. Brot. xvi. 68 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 735. Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Bingila, Dupuis. Angola: Golungo Alto, Camilungo, Welwitsch, 6184! near Ndelle, Welwitsch, 6185! Canaula, Welwitsch, ° 6183 ! South Central. Congo Free State: by the Lomami River, Pogge, 1142! Angola: Lunda ; between the River Luachim and Quikimbo, Marques, 329. 5). I. Wightii, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 364. Perennial. Stems. slender, twining, clothed with dense short brownish hairs. Leaves cor- , date-ovate, more or less shallowly 3-lobed, 2—4 in. long and broad, green and more or less hairy above, hairs short, adpressed, clothed with white tomentum beneath, the veins marked outwith stiffish yellowish adpressed hairs; side lobes rounded; end lobe deltoid, all entire; petiole hairy, 1—2 lin. long. Peduncle 1-3 in. long, hairy like the stem; flowers in a dense head ; bracts lanceolate, 6 lin. long, white beneath, back minutely , hirsute with short yellowish hairs, sides and margins glandular hairy. Calyx hairy like the bracts. Sepals linear-lanceolate, acute, 6 lin. long. - Corolla rose-red, funnel-shaped, 1-1} in. long; throat 1-14 in. in diam. Capsule small, globose, fragile, pubescent. Seeds glabrous, thinly white- 158 XC. CONVOLVULACEZ (BAKER AND RENDLE). | Jpomea. spotted.— Wight, Ic. t. 1364; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 239; Hallier f. in Engl. ee Xvill. 133 and XXvill. S270uwe arachnoidea, Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 2 228; Choisy in DC. Pro@r. ix. 364. Convolvulus Wightii, Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. t. 171. Nile Land. Uganda, 4000-7500 ft.; Kavirondo: Nandi and neighbourhood, Whyte! Eldama Ravine and Mau, Whyte! Busoga Villages, Whyte/ second and third days’ march from Mumias, Whyte! Near Chulema, Bagshawe, 362! British East Africa: Waturuma (Dur uma), Kassner, 142! Nairobi, Percival ! Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Bojer! German East Africa: Ugweno Mountain, near Kilimanjaro, Volkens, 507! Usambara, Holst, 333. Portuguese East Africa : Zambesi, Stewart! Shupanga, Kirk! Rios de Sena, Peters! British Central Africa: Boruma, on the Zambesi, Menyharth, (1088 ?)! Nyasaland; Mount Chiradzulu, Whyte! Rhodesia: Bulawayo, Rand, 555! Also in South Africa, Madagascar, Natal, and Tropical Asia. 56. I. garckeana, Vatke in Linnea, xlili. 512. Stems terete, clothed on the Pee part with pales hairs. Leaves cordate, 3- lobed, up to 1$ in. long and 1? in. broad, green and adpressed hairy above, clothed with white omen beneath ; lateral lobes obtuse ; terminal emar ginate and mucronate, all crenate ; petiole up to 24 in. long. Peduncle sparsely pilose, 7 in. long. Flowers about six in a dense head; bracts linear, from a broader base, subacute, long-hairy like the sepals. Sepals unequal, linear-subulate, subacute, above 8 lin. long. Corolla funnel-shaped, white with a purple throat, nearly an inch long and broad. Fruit and seeds unknown.—Haller f.in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 134. Wile Land. British East Africa: Duruma; Tchamtei, Hildebrandt, 2344. 57. I. whyteana, Rendle. Stem rather woody, long prostrate, tinged with red, shortly strigose, hairs whitish or with a faint yellow tinge. Leaves uniform in outline, deeply trilobed, about 6 lin. long by 1 in. or a little more broad, margin crenate, end lobe with retuse and mucronulate margin, and rounded sides, lateral lobes sub- orbicular ; upper surface rather densely strigose, lower surface covered with a dense white tomentum except on the veins which stand out as brown lines bearing short yellowish white hairs; petiole slender, 1 in, long or less, hairy like the stem and peduncles. Pedunceles axillary, longer than the leaves, about 2 in. long, bearing small dense hairy capituliform cymes, 6-8 lin. in diam, Bracts lanceolate, abruptly acuminate, the outer about 3 lin. long, the back and margin bearing long whitish or yellowish-white hairs. Sepals lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, acuminate, herbaceous with margins colourless, back and margins densely hairy like the bracts, 4 lin. long, the outermost and broadest a little over 1 in. broad. Corolla withered, apparently about 1 in. long, funnel- shaped, purple. Style with a large swollen base forming a cap on the ovary ; ovary 2-celled; ovules 4. Nile Land. British East Africa: between Mombassa and Lamu, Whyte! 58. I. Pes-tigridis, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 162. Annual. Stems slender, twining, hirsute with long spreading yellowish hairs. Leaves SP re en oe Serpe Tpomeea. | XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 159 palmately 7—9-lobed, 14-24 in. long, 13-54 in. broad ; lobes narrewly oval, narrowing to the base and subacute apex, rather thinly hairy on both surfaces; hairs stiffish, long, adpressed; petiole about as long as the blade, hairy like the stem and peduncle. Peduncles longer than the petioles, bearing dense hirsute few-flowered bracteate heads. Bracts foliaceous, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, dorsally hirsute, especially in the lower part ; the two outer the largest, up to 1 in. long, sometimes 3 lin. broad, generally narrower. Sepals lanceolate, hairy lke the bracts, 4—5 lin. long. Corolla funnel-shaped, purple, about 15 in. long; mid- petaline areas bearing a few of the characteristic long stiffish hairs. Capsule brown, glabrous. Seeds black, shortly pubescent.—Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. 363; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 239 ; Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 134; and in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 34 (excluding subvarieties) ; var. africana, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 939 partly, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vil. 230. Nile Land. Kordofan, Pfund, 115! Somaliland: Berbera, Robecchi-Bric- chetti, 480. British East Africa: North of Mombassa, Whyte / Ribe, Wakefield ! Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Hildebrandt, 1347! German East Africa: Usam- bara; Mkulumusi River, near Tanga, Kdssuer, 17! Amboni, Holst, 2597 ! Usaramo ; Dundo, Stuhlmann, 6450; Udge, Vogel, 15! Rovuma River, Meller! Portuguese Kast Africa: Mozambique, Peters. Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Kirk! Briti-h Central Africa: Boruma, on the Zambesi, Menyharth, 1089a! Also in Mauritius and Tropical Asia. Var. longibracteata, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 512.—Bracts very long and narrow, linear tending to linear-lanceolate or oblanceolate, strongly ciliate below the middle, the two outer ? to 13 in. long, generally less than 2 lin. broad. Corolla large, more than 2 in. long.—Hallier f. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 230 (as subvar.), in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii, 34. L. lophantha, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb, xviii. 134, Nile Land. Somaliland: Araccio, by the River Dana, Riva, 1279 ; and with- out precise locality, Donxaldson-Smith, 376! British Kast Africa: Taita; Ndara Plain, Hildebrandt, 2420! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Ugogo forest, Hannington! near Masinde, Holst, 3881; Usagara; Mpwapwa, 3200 ft., Stuhlmann, 233 ; and without precise locality, Fischer, 419. Var. strigosa, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 34 (as subvar.)—Whole plant more densely hirsute; stems robust, nearly 2 lin. thick, prostrate, widely creeping. Bracts large, hairy like the leaves, the two outer and larger oblong-spathulate, over 1 in. long, 5 lin. broad in the upper half, the inner lanceolate. Corolla whitish-rose. —Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 735 (as var. africana, Hallier f.). Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; about Lopollo, in fields of maize and Arachis hypogea, Welwitsch, 6119! and without precise locality, Antunes, 153. 59. I. hederacea, Jacg. Collect. i. 124; Je. t. 36. Annual. Stems slender, hairy, twining, hairs spreading. Leaves cordate-orbi- cular or cordate-ovate, acute, usually shallowly 3-lobed, membranous, hairy, 14-5 in. wide; petiole about as long as the blade. Peduncle 1—5-flowered, ‘about as long as the petiole; pedicels short; bracts small, linear. Calyx hairy, #-1 in. long; sepals lanceolate, with a long - narrow point, lower broader portion generally long-hairy, narrower upper part sparsely and short-hairy. Corolla funnel-shaped, usually 160 XC. CONVOLVULACE® (BAKER AND RENDLE). | [pomuw. lilac, 2-3 in. long; limb 2 in. in diam. Capsule small, subglobose, 3-celled. Seeds 6, smooth. — Jpomea Nil, Roth, Cat. Bot. i. 36; Hallier f.in Engl. Janrb. xviii. 136. J. scabra, Forsk. Pl. Aigypt.- Arab. 44. J. githaginea, Hocbst. in herb. un. itin. 1842, no. 784. Convolvulus Nil, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 219; Bet. Mage. t. 188. Pharbitis hederacea, Choisy in Mém. Soc. Phys. Genév. vi. 440 (Conv. Or. 58), and in DC. Prodr. ix. 344. P. Nil, Choisy l.c. 343; Capua in Ann. © Istit. Bot. Roma, vill. 229. P. hispida, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 65, not of Choisy ; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 246. P. purpurea, Aschers. in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl, Aethiop. 96 excl. syn. P. githaginea, Hochst. in herb. un. itin. 1844, no. 1446. Upper Guinea. Cape Coast Castle, Brass! Lagos, Rowland! Punch, 39! Northern Nigeria: Nupe; Jeba, Barter! Quorra (Niger), Vogel, 125! Fernando: Po, Buchholz. Nile Land. Eritrea: Lalamba Mountain, Steudner, 938! Keren, Steudner,, 946. Assaorta, Pappi, 3012. Gallabat : Matamma, Schweinfurth, 513! 2165! 2157. Abyssinia: by the River Tacazze, Schimper, 784! Mai Mezano Valley, Schimper, 1446! Schahagenne, 55C0 ft., Schimper (Schweinfurth ex Hallier), 365! Zana Lake, 6200 ft., Schimper; Gageros, 4200 ft., Schimper, 65, 2176! Wady Woina, Rohlfs & Stecker. Kordofan, Kotschy, 46! Cien- kowsky, 366. j Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Kisantu, Gillet, 1021; near Lemfu, Butaye. South Central. Congo Free State: Bena Moulengere, Dewevre, 1011. Widely spread throughout the tropics. Var. inequalis, Baker & Rendle.—Outer sepals ovate-oblong, shortly acuminate or subobtuse, the inner narrower acuminate.—S. githaginea, var. inequalis, Beck in Paulitschke, Harar, 406. Wile Land. Somaliland: Mount Hakim, near Harar, Hardegger & Paulit- schke. 60. I. erioleuca, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 33. 128! Loango, Soyaua, 66. Angola: Ambriz, Monteiro ! Loanda, Welwitsch; 6245! Gossweiler, 295! 1483! Chella Mountains, Johnston! Penedo, Gossweiler, 1537 ! 72. I. micrantha, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 541. A climbing herb with slender terete thinly pilose or glabrescent stems. Leaves cordate, entire, glabrous, up to 2? in. long by 2 in. broad, with an acuminate mucronulate apex, basal sinus broad; lobes rounded ; petiole nearly as long as the blade, filiform. Peduncles axillary, terete, filiform, glabrous, strictly erecto-patent, sometimes longer (up to nearly 2 in.) and many-flowered, sometimes shorter and few-flowered or obsolete. Bracts and bracteoles minute squamiform, glabrous. Pedicels about 6 lin. long, filiform, glabrous, thickening somewhat upwards, strongly recurved after flowering. Buds ovoid, subobtuse. Sepals small, sub- equal or the two outer a little shorter, about 14 lin. long, ovate-elliptic, obtuse, mucronulate, herbaceous, glabrous, minutely rugose, subverrucu- lose on the back, margin membranousand paler. Corolla funnel-shaped, whitish-yellow, glabrous, about 1 in. long; tube about 24 lin. broad in the middle; limb nearly 1 in.in diam. Capsule globose, tipped with the style-base, glabrous, 2-celled, about 4 lin. long. Seeds 4, dark-coloured glabrous.—/. micrantha, var. glabrata, Hallier f. l.c. 542. Upper Guinea. Ashanti: Kumassi, Cummins, 236! Cameroons : Yaunde, Zenker, 506. Var. hispida, Hallier f. l.c. 542. Bracteoles and calyces hispid with fine grey spreading hairs.—Hallier f. in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 96. Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Lemba, Dewevre, 357; Bingila, Dupuis ; Kisantu, Gillet, 899. 73. I. acanthocarpa, Hochst. in Kotschy, Pl. Nub. Husicc. 269. Perennial. Stems slender, twining, glabrous, longitudinally striate. Leaves cordate-ovate, entire, acute, membranous, glabrous, 14-3 in. Tpomua. | XC. CONVOLVULACES® (BAKER AND RENDLE). 167 long; petiole very slender, about as long as the blade. Peduncles short, 1—5-flowered ; pedicels short, thickened; bracts minute, ovate, obtuse. Sepals ovate, about 3 lin. long, obtuse or minutely mucronate. Corolla regularly funnel- -shaped, whitish or pale purple, 1 in. long. Capsule globose, glabrous, 4-6 lin. in diam., tipped with the sharp persistent style-base. Seeds silky.—Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 139 and xxvii. 43. Calonyction acanthocarpum, Choisy in DC. Prodr. ix. Wile Land. Kordofan: Obeid, Kotschy, 269! Upper Guinea. Senegal, Perrottet, 521! 524! Lelicvre. 74. I. asclepiadea, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 142. Stem ‘slender, twining, glabrous. Leaves cordate-ovate, acuminate, 2 in, long, above 1 in. broad, glabrous, blackish above, paler below, promi- nently ribbed; margin revolute; petiole 6—9 lin. long. Peduncle about 1 in. long, rigid, glabrous; flowers many, subumbellate, in lax dichasia. Sepals small, ovate, subobtuse, blackish, cinereo-pubescent, 24 lin. long, by half as broad, the outer larger than the inner. Corolla funnel- shaped, 1 in. long , pubescent. —Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 43, and in Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxvii. 96. South Central. Congo Free State: Monbuttu; Nembe, by the Kussumbo stream, Schweinfurth, 3141. Lomami River, Pogge, 1213. 75. I. britteniana, Lendle in Journ. Bot. 1896, 38. Stems slender, climbing, glabrous, longitudinally rugulose. Leaves lng petioled, cordate-ovate, acuminate, “annconorn eRe, 1-14 in. long, #-1 in. broad, glabrous, minutely glandular-punctate, scabrid and ciliate on the margins ; petiole about 6 lin. long, slender, scabridulous. Cymes subumbellate, 4—7-flowered ; peduncle equal to the petiole but stouter, scabridulous ; bracts ovate, minute; pedicels smooth, 3-5 lin. long. Calyx thinly coriaceous, glabrous, 4 lin. long; sepals subequal, ovate, subobtuse, shortly mucronate, the outer verruculose. Corolla-tube 1} lin. in diam., tubular-infundibuliform, under 1 in. long. Stamens un- equal, about 3 lin. long. Capsule globose, shortly apiculate, thin, brown, glabrous, 2 lin. in diam. Seeds 4, cuneiform, brown, glabrous. —Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 438. Nile Land. British East Africa: Ngatana, by the Tana River, Gregory ! 76. I. Papilio, Hullier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 543. Stems long, slender, trailing, obscurely pubescent or scabridulous. Leaves shortly petioled, cordate-ovate, acuminate, 6 lin. long, deeply and irregularly toothed in the lower half, green and glabrous on both sur- faces ; petiole slender, 4—6 lin. long. Peduncle short, slender, 6—9 lin. long, 1-flowered ; bracteoles ovate, minute ; pedicels short, thick. Sepals thinly coriaceous, unequal, ovate-elliptic, obtuse, the outer less than 3 lin., the inner barely 4 lin. long, green, glabrous. Corolla broadly funnel-shaped, rose-red, 1-14 in. long, spread of limb equal to length, scarcely lobed. Stamens half the length of the corolla. Capsule glo- bose, 4 lin. in diam.—Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1901, 56; Baker & Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. 11. 63. 168 XC. CONVOLVULACEH (BAKER AND RENDLE). | /pomea. Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia; Buluwayo, Rand, 365! Matoppo Hills, 4500 ft., Eyles, 109! Also in the Transvaal. . I. simonsiana, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1894, 178. An annual ee ee just above the base. Stems long, diffuse, climbing, very slender, obscurely pubescent. Leaves thin, long-petioled, cordate- ovate, acuminate, coarsely dentate, 1-2 in. long and broad, sparsely pilose on both surfaces; petiole slender, generally shorter than the blade. Flowers solitary; peduncle 3 lin. long or less. Bracteoles miuute, lanceolate ; pedicel stouter and longer than the peduncle, about 6 lin. long. Sepals spathulate, apiculate, 3-nerved, glabrescent, lower portion subcoriaceous, broad upper portion herbaceous, 44 in. long, the inner longer than the outer. Corolla almost salver-shaped, under 1 in. long, apparently a pale rose colour, glabrous ; lobes subacute.— Hailier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 45. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese Hast Africa: Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Scott ! British Central Africa: Boruma, on the Zambesi, Menyharth, 1086! Nyasaland ; River Shire, Kir’! Lake Nyasa, Simons! 78. I. lapathifolia, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 142. Perennial. Stems slender, twining, glabrous. Leaves ovate or lanceo- late, 2-4 in. long, obscurely pubescent on both surfaces, cuneate at the base. Flowers few to many in a close umbellate cyme ; peduncle 1$—3 in. long; pedicels at most 6 lin. long; bracteoles minute, persistent, ovate or lanceolate. Calyx glabrous, 3 lin. long; sepals oblong, blunt. Corolla white, 14-14 in. long, subcylindric in the lower half; ex- panded limb 1 in. in diam. Capsule globose, glabrous, 3 lin. in diam. Seeds glabrous, pale brown, 14 lin. long. —Tl,. zambesiaca, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 70, not Gf Britten. ie hellebarda, var. lapathifolia, Hallier f. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 44. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Ugogo, Muhalala, Stuhlmann, 405. Portuguese East Africa: Quilimane, Stuklinann, 109. Lower Zambesi: Shupanga, Aoky Valier! Zambesi Delta, Kirk ! Scott / Tne identification of Z. zambesiaca with LI. lapathifolia rests on Hallier’s autho- rity. We have not seen the specimens collected by Stuhlmann on which Z. lapathi- folia was based. I am unable to follow Hallier in his later reduction of the species to a variety of 7. hellebarda, which seems amply distinguished by its larger white corolla and velvety seeds.—A. B. R. 79. I. humifera, Rendle d: Britten in Journ. Bot. 1894, 177 Perennial. Main stem trailing, slender, hairy; branches long, very slender, glabrous, ultimately climbing. Leaves cordate-ovate, acum1- nate, membranous, rigid, glabrous, except on the edge and petiole, those of the shoots 2 21 j in.long. Flowers solitary ; peduncle glabrous, shorter than the leaves ; bracteoles minute, subulate. Sepals subequal, ovate, glabrous, 3 lin. long. Corolla between tubular and funnel-shaped, bright purple, 14-2 in. long.—Hiern in Cat. Afr, Pl. Welw. 1. 737. I. Barteri, vay. cor rdifolia, Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 543. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo: Mata de Pungo, Welwitsch, 6177! Quibinda, Welwitsch, 6178! Tpomeea. | XC. CONVOLVULACEA! (BAKER AND RENDLE). 169 80. I. Barteri, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 70. Annual. Stems very slender, twining, clothed with fine spreading hairs. Leaves linear or lanceolate, ovate (Hallier), entire, membranous, 2-25 in. long, 3-6 lin. broad at the middle, acute, narrowed gradually to ane base : Secale very short, hairy. Pedunele barely 10 lin. long, 1-flowered ; bracteoles small, subulate. Calyx sparsely hairy to glabrescent, verru- culose, 4 lin. long; sepals ovate, obtuse. Corolla funnel-shaped, ? in. long, elabrous outside; tube and throat purple. Capsule and seeds not seen.—Hallier f. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vi. 542. Upper Guinea. Banana Island, . ADS, Vet. Flora hi al Africa. By Dann “OLiyer, FBS. ELS vols, 7) aagi@esth 20s. v--- oudanation, Shy Sir Wika THISHL.« Date deR.S..1&e. Vow ie - Sex Weopus. pete 2 VOR, 258. 6d. “Viol. VIL, 27s. 6d. net.” Vide With, 2S cbdsunep.s Publishe under the authority of the Secretary « Statefor tre Colonies, — j Elaen Aaa ateonds ~.- -2- S ™ 7 : Rape rete) As EE eee ase Oa Ul Se eS lall Gap mb yaad, GO BAKER FALS Complete in 1-‘vol., 24s. net. /Publi pied, under. the ge ort 5 OL th Colonial Governnient of Mauritius. : ¥ Handbook of the New. Zealand Flv Pi By ‘Sir a D. Tr OKER, H.R.S. 42s. Published under the sW pices of the Government of ti iat 4 Colony. roe of the British West Indian {:iands. By Dr. GRISEBACH ~~. F.L.S. 42s. net. Published under the auspices of the Secretary of Sit “for the Colonies. ae Flora Hongkongensis: a Mescrieon of the Plonbring Plants a Ferns of the Island of Hong ils, Leaves entire. Cymes nearly sessile, corymbose . 19. Cymes peduneled, racemose. « 20. Cymes peduncled, subumbellate. Corolla 4-5 lin, in diam. Herbaceous . 9 . 5 lle Shrubby ' A 5 oe Corolla 9 lin. in diam . F . 24, Leaves with simple hairs. Leaves more or less lobed 0 . 22, Leaves entire. Herbaceous 6 - A 6 PAB Suffruticose. Pedicels filiform . ; 5 Ate Pedicels clavate. Corolla-lobes obtuse; stem terete . $ : AAs Corolla-lobes acute; stem 4-angled . . - 28, Leaves with stellate hairs. Cymes dichotomous, Leaves glabrescent above . or). Leaves permanently hairy above . 30. Cymes not dichotomous. Leaves entire. Flowers 4-merous. Leaves ovate, acute . 2 toll Leaves ovate - lanceolate, acuminate . d . 32. Flowers 5-merous, Cymes umbellate. : . 33. Cymes corymbose ‘ . 34, Cymes racemose. Leaves solitary : - 3d. Leaves geminate. Corolla rotate, Flowers 8-12. °° . 36. Flowers 3-5 . » Oth. Corolla campanulate . 58. Leaves sinuate or lobed. Leaves white beneath ; lowest flower alone fertile . - 39. Leaves green beneath; many flowers fertile . e 40. ** ARMATE.—Plants bearing spines. (See also 10, 8S. pandureforme.) + Microphylle.—Leaves rarely more than 1} in long. Flowers in peduncled cymes, Corolla-lobes oblong . : . Al. Corolla-lobes ovate or ovate- lanceolate e 42, Corolla-lobes linear. VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 209 S. ethiopicum. S. pauperum. S. Gatzei. . nodiflorum. . nakurense. . carense. S S 8. S. nigrum. S. hirtulum. Ss. . campanuliflorum. S. lykipiense, S. pseudospinosum. S. subulatum. S. verbascifoliun, . schimperianum . senegambicum. polyanthemum. catombelense. RnR HR wH . mossambicense. . distichum, . Reichenbachit, . geminifolium, RAM S. albifolium. S. sealare. S. Heudelotii. S. macracanthum. 1D 210 XCI. SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). [Solanune. Branches white-tomentose . j . 43. 8. albicaule. Branches glabrous 3 é . 44. S. kwebense. Corolla- lobes broadly triangular : . 45, S. melastomoides. Flowers solitary or fesciculate. Spines recurved. Leaves stellately hairy. Leaves hastate . : : - 46. S. hastifolium. Leaves ovate or lanceolate- nea . 47, S. taitense. Leaves glabrous. . 6 . 48. S. sepicula. Spines straisht, nearly setacedus. Leaves densely stellate-hairy : . 49, S. stipitato- stellatum. Leaves almost glabrescent . c . 50. S. rigescens. Spines straight, thick. Pedicels long, slender . 7 c . ol. S. gracilipes. Pedicels short, thick . : : . 52. S. piperiferum. tt Macrophylle.—Leaves much exceeding 12 in. in length. if Te? aaa not exceeding 9 lin. in, diam. Fruit 1 in. or more in diam. ; F . 538. S. aculeatissimum. Fruit not exceeding 6 lin. in diam. Cymes pseudo-terminal, corymbose. Leaves 4—7 in. long ; F t . 54. S. giganteum. Leaves 2-3 in. long ; ; : . 55. S. Renschit. Cymes lateral. Spines recurved. Flowers 4-merous . ; : . 56. Flowers 5-merous. Cymes umbellate . 0 : BON Cymes racemose. S. vagans. 8 Corolla-lobes triangular-ovate . 58. 8. pharmacum,. s . zanzibarense, Corolls-lobes linear-lanceolate . 59. S. glochidiatum, Corolla-lobes lanceolate. . 60. S. unguiculatum. i Spines straight.. Cymes corymbose. | Flowers 4-merous . : : . 61. S. Rohris. Flowers 5-mezous . F c . 62. S. torvum. | Cymes racemose. Hairs on leaf unequal-rayed . . 63, S. indicum. | S S S Hairs on leaf equal-rayed. Flowers 4-merous ;: 6 . 64. S. anomalum. Flowers 5-merous. Corolla-lobes lanceolate . EiGous| Corolla-lobes linear 4 . 66. S. Cymes umbellate . : ° a (eile IS tt Grandiflore.—Corolla-more-than 9 lin. in diam. Leaves membranous. Inflorescence cymose, lax. . adoénse, . Carvalhor. . schumannianum. Leaves becoming nearly glabrous above. 68. S. xanthocarpum. Leaves with scattered stellate hairs above, Spines straight . 2 , 0 - 69. S. Thruppit. Spines recurved 0 : . 70. 8. acanthocalyx. Leaves cor‘aceous, becoming glabrous above except negr the pulv erulent margins . 71. S. marginatum. Leaves entire or slightly lobed. Solanum. | XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). 211 Fruit small, nearly enclosed in the spiny calyx. Inflorescence cymose . ; : . 72, S. dubium, Inflorescence racemose : c . 73. 8S. Pischert. Fruit small, not enclosed in the calyx. Flowers 5-merous. 6 0 . 74, S. obliquum. Flowers 6-merous. : : . 75. S. urbanianum, Fruit usually large, not enclosed in the calyx. Leaves oblong . : . : . 76. S. tomentellum. Leaves lanceolate. Indumentum beneath leaves ashy- . 77. S. trepidans. grey. : : : Indumentum of leaves rusty. Leaves pubescent above . . 10. S. panduraforme. Leaves scabrid above : . 78. S. englerianum. Leaves more or less ovate in general outline. Tomentum on stem floccose. Tomentum ashy-grey . ° . 79. S. incanum. Tomentum rusty : : . 80. S. chrysotrichum, Tomentum on stem not floccose, Leaves usually entire. Spines curved 6 : . 81. S. campylacanthum. Spines straight . ° . 82, S. phoricum. Leaves lobed. Spines distinctly recurved. Calyx-lobes lanceolate. Corolla-lobes lanceolate . 83. S. magnusianum. Corolla-lobes ovate . . 84. 8. bathocladon. Corolla-lobesovate-cuneate 85. S. Bojert. Calyx-lobes subulate . . 86. S. monotanthum. Spines straight or nearly so. Fruit subglobose. Corolla-lobes broadly tri- angular . ‘ . 87. S. hybridum. Corolla-lobes lanceolate . 88. S. cerasiferum. Corolla-lobes oblong-oval . 89. S. antidotum, Fruit oblong. Corolla campanulate . 90. S. Melongena. Corolla rotate c . 91. S. hitivuense. Leaves deeply pinnately lobed, lower surface much paler than the upper. ° . 92. S. aculeastrum, Leaves bipinnatipartite, Corolla broadly campanulate . » 93. S. duplosinuatum, Corolla rotate : 0 . . 94, S. dasyphyllum. 1. S. inconstans, (. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 127, A climbing shrub. Stem slender, terete, smooth, 10 ft. long. Leaves alternate or geminate, oblong, acute or acuminate, cordate or acute at _ the base, up to 5 in. long and 3 in. wide, sparingly hairy on both sur- faces, hairs simple; petiole slender, up to 1 in. long, puberulous, Panicle pseudo-terminal, lax, formed of peduncled or sessile cymes race- mosely arranged; pedicels short, velvety. Calyx cupular, velvety, 212 XCI, SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). [ Solanum. shortly 5-toothed. Corolla violet ; tube very short; lobes 5, lanceo- late, 4 lin. long. Stamens 5; filaments short, united into a tube; anthers united, 3 lin. long, obtuse, pores small, terminal. Ovary ovoid, glabrous; style filiform, much longer than the stamens. Fruit ovoid. —S. symphystemon, De Wild. & Durand. Contrib. Fl. Congo, i. 44; Hl. Fl. Congo, i. t. 57; Pl. Thonner. Congol. 34, t. 22. Upper Guinea. Cameroons, Kalbreyer,172! Fernando Po, Mann, 62! South Central. Congo Free State: Bolombo, near Ngali, Zhonner, 96 ! A re-examination of Kalbreyer’s plant shows that the filaments are permanently united. 2.S.runsoriense, ('. 1. Wright in Johnston, Uganda Protect. i. 826. A climbing shrub. Leaves lanceolate, rounded at the base, 34 in. long, 1-14 in. wide, with scattered deciduous simple hairs above and densely packed brownish stellate ones beneath ; petiole # in. long. Inflores- cence terminal, corymbosely paniculate, clothed in most of its parts with stalked stellate hairs; pedicels $ in. long. Calyx turbinate; lobes oblong, subacute, 4-24 lin. long, 1 lin. wide. Corolla ‘“‘smalt blue” (Johnston), subregular ; tube campanulate, { in. long; lobes lanceolate to ovate, acuminate, glabrous inside, 5 lin. long, 2-3 lin. wide. Stamens exserted ; filaments compressed, pubescent, 14 lin. long; anthers oblong, obtuse, longer than the filaments. Ovary globose, } lin. in diam., glabrous; style cylindrical, glabrous, 24 lin. long. Nile Land. Uganda: Ruwenzori, 8500-9400 ft., Doggett / 3. S. tettense, Alotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 237. A much-branched unarmed shrub. Branches terete, subglabrous, ashy- white. Leaves ovate, acute or obtuse, 1-14 in. long, 6-8 lin. broad, stellately hairy on both surfaces; petiole 5-4 lin. long. Racemes terminal, many-flowered ; rhachis clothed with white stellate tomentum. Calyx cyathiform, shortly 5-fid, stellately pubescent. Corolla 5-partite ; segments oblong or ovate, 4 lin. long. Stamens as long as the corolla ; filaments very short; anthers oblong. Style glabrous, exserted ; stigma bilobed. ; IMozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa; Tete, Peters. 4, S. somalense, Franch. Sert. Somal. 47. An unarmed much- branched shrub.- Branches covered with stellate tomentum when young, glabrous and violet when old. Leaves oblong or obovate, shortly attenuate at the base, stellately hairy on both surfaces, petioled. Cymes terminal, corymbosé, Calyx divided half-way down into 95 linear-lanceolate lobes. Corolla widely campanulate, violet. Stamens. unequal. Style elongate, arcuate, declinate. Wile Land. Somaliland: Warabot, Ritter von Beck; and without precise locality, Révoil. 5. S. bendirianum, Schimp. ex Engl. in Engl. Hochgebirgsf. Trop. Afr. 372. A climbing shrub. Branches terete, glabrous, straw- coloured; Leaves ovate, slightly tapering towards the base, 3} in. long, 2 in. wide, pale green, minutely scabrid; petiole 1 in. long, slightly winged. Cymes corymbose, terminal, lax, many-flowered; pedicels Solanwm. | XCI, SOLANACE (WRIGHT). 213 thickened upwards. Calyx campanulate, deeply 5-lobed, ciliate. Corolla rotate, 7 in. in diam.; lobes 5, triangular, obtuse, pubescent outside at the apex. Anthers shorter than the corolla-lobes, oblong, obtuse, dehiscing by large oblique pores. Ovary globose, glabrous ; style slightly longer than the stamens. Berry globose, 5 lin. in diam., glabrous. Wile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder; near Gafat, Schimper, 1227! Hawash and Maki Rivers, Wel/by ! Uganda: Ruwenzori; Kivatu, in forest, 8000-9000 ft., Sectt-Elliot, 7733 ! . 6. S. bifurcum, Hochst. in Flora, 1841, i. Intell. 24. Stem sarmentose, glabrous. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, sparingly pilose or glabrous, membranous, pale green, shortly petiolate. Inflo- rescence terminal, many-flowered ; umbels racemosely disposed ; pedicels up to 1 in. long in fruit, thickened upwards. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-fid, more or less glandular. Corolla 5-partite; lobes oblong, acute, 3-4 times as long as the calyx, tomentose outside, glabrous within. Stamens 5; anthers yellow, dehiscing by apical pores which are much prolonged downwards. Ovary globose, glabrous; style nearly twice as long as the stamens; stigma punctate. Berry small, globose.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 77; Engl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 61, and Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 352; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 746; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 94. S. bifurcatum, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 98. S. phytolaccoides, C. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 126. Wile Land. Abyssinia: near Adowa, Schimper,201! Begemeder, Schimper, 310! Uganda: Entebbe, 3900 ft., Brown, 14! British East Africa: Galunka, Kassner, 804 ! Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Mann! Angola: Pungo Andongo, 2400-3800 ft., Welwitsch, 6106! 6107! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 5000 ft., Johnston ! Usambara, Kwa-Mshuza, Holst, 8927! Portuguese Hast Africa: Moramballa, 3000 ft., Kirk ! Also in South Africa. 7. S. Welwitschii, C. HW. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1894,126. A climbing shrub, 12-15 ft. high. Stem terete, smooth. Leaves oblong, more or less acuminate, 5 in. long, 2) in. wide, glabrous ; petiole slender, 6-9 lin. long. Flowers ina terminal racemose panicle, Calyx cupular, 5-toothed. Corolla deep violet (Welwitsch)), 3-4 times as long as the calyx, divided nearly to the base; lobes 5, ligulate, concave, pubescent outside. Stamens 5; filaments very short ; anthers oblong, connivent, pores terminal. Ovary globose; style filiform, nearly twice as long as the stamens. Fruit rot seen.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 747. Lower Guinea. Angola: Cazengo; elevated forests on the Muxaulo Mountains, Welwitsch, 6081! 6098! Var. strictum, C. H. Wright, lc. 127. Flowers arranged in elongated sub- racemose cymes—Cummins in Kew Bulletin, 1898, 77. SS. Lujei, De Wild. Dur. in Comptes-rendus Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxviii. 209. Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: Sutah, Cummins, 45! Aburi, Johnson, 168! Akim, Johnson, 268! Fernando Po, Mann, 274! 214 XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). [ Solanwm. South Central. Congo Free State: Monbuttu; Munza, Schweinfurth, 3498! Sona Gunga, Luja, ex De Wildeman & Durand. Var. oblongum, C. H. Wright, l.c. 127. Leaves narrower, more obtuse and tapering more to the base. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Ambas Bay, Mann, X! The corolla-lobes remaining adherent for some time gave rise to the corolla being erroneously described as urceolate. 8. S. aggregatum, Jacg. Coll. iv. 124. An erect unarmed shrub, 4ft. high. Branches terete, rigid, minutely puberulous, lenticellate. Leaves aggregate, ovate to oblong, obtuse, up to 2 in. long by 14 lin, wide, entire or slightly repand, iong cuneate at the base, glabrous ; midrib prominent; petiole up to # in. long. Flowers solitary or 2-3 ‘together ; pedicels slender, up to 1 in. long, cernuous in fruit. Calyx campanulate, + in. long; lobes linear, obtuse, as long as the tube, l-nerved. Corolla widely campanulate, # in. in diam., 5-partite ; lobes oblong, slightly undulate, rather acute, pubescent outside the apex. Stamens 5; filaments 3 lin. Jong, white; anthers oblong, yellow, 2 lin. long, pores terminal. Style white, 4—5 lin. long; stigma small. Fruit subglobose, yellow, as large as a pea; seeds few, compressed.—le. t. 328; Drége in Linnea, xx. 203 ; Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i, 160 ; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. 1. 91. S. monticolum, Dunal, 1.c. 161. Lycium sp., Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 75, 88. Atropa solanacea, Linn. Mant. Alt. 205; Thunb. Prodr. 37, and FI. Cap. ed. Schult. 191. Guinea, ex Jacquin. Also in South Africa. 9. S. macrocarpon, Linn. Mant. Alt. 205. A stout subshrub. Stem terete, much branched, smooth, when young sparingly furnished with simple hairs. Leaves ovate, sinuate-repand, generally tapering to the base, 8 in. long, 4in. wide, glabrous ; petiole short, channelled above. Cymes short, racemose, almost leaf-opposed. Calyx campanu- late; lobes 5, foliaceous, enlarging in fruit. Corolla broadly campanu- late, 1} in. in diam., blue-purple; lobes 5, broadly triangular. Stamens 5; anthers lanceolate, pores terminal, small. Ovary globose; style rather longer than the stamens. Berry globose, yellow, the size of an apple—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 353. 8. Mors-elephantum, Dammann, Cat. No. 70, 100, fig. 81; Wien. Ill. Gartenz. 1894, 30, Liga Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Last! German East Africa, Stuhlmann. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Buchanan, 1054! Uganda: 2nd march from Lubwas, Whyte ! 10. S. pandurzeforme, /. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Phanzengeogr. Documente, 147. A much-branched shrub, 2-4 ft. high ; spines few or many, short, subulate from a broad base. Branches terete, densely stellately pubescent. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, sinuate, acute, 2{ in. by lin., tapering to the base, stellately pubescent on both surfaces, sometimes spiny on the underside of the midrib; petiole } in. long. Cymes pseudo-terminal, racemose, the lowest flower alone fertile. Calyx 4 in. long, 5-toothed or deeply 5-lobed (sometimes on the same ae — Solanum. | XCI, SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). 215 plant), stellately pubescent outside; lobes obtuse. Corolla 1 in. in diam., pink to lilac, 5-partite, stellately pubescent outside; lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute, hairy on the midrib inside. Stamens 5 ; fila- ments very short ; anthers 2! lin. long, oblong-lanceolate, with two small apical pores. Ovary ovoid, hirsute at the apex ; style 5 lin. long, thickened upwards, stellately hairy at the base. Fruit # in. in diam., globose, smooth, yellow.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 370; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. 11.99. SS. delagoense, Dunal, l.c. 349; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1. 747. S. Bawmii, Dammer in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 361, 443. Nile Land. Uganda: Buddu, 3900 ft., Dawe, 235! Lower Guinea. Angola: near Loanda, Welwitsch, 6049! Huilla; between Nene and Mumpulla, Welwitsch, 6031! by the Hakungu brook, Baum, 469! German South-west Africa: Omulonga, Schinz, 865! Grootfontein, Schinz, 869! and without precise locality, Luderitz, 12! Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: east coast of Lake Nyasa, Johnson, 66! Shupanga, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland, 1700-6000 ft.; Kondowe to Karonza, Whyte! Songue to Karonga, Whyte, 4! Nyika Plateau, MeClounie, 51! Zomba, Whyte! Milanji, Scott! and without precise locality, Buchanan, 533! Matabeleland, Oates! Hlliott! Ngamiland; Kwebe Hills, Lugard, 55! Mrs. Lugard, 19! Shesheke, on the Zambesi, Holub, 387! 397! 1821! 11. S. psilostylum, Dammer in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 354. Stem woody, terete, siellnnclly pubescent, unarmed ¢ Leaves oblong-lanceolate, about 3 in. long, }# in. wide, slightly sinuate or entire, densely covered with minute golden stellate hairs above, and with ashy-grey stellate hairs below. “Cymes racemose, extra-axillary, few- flowered ; peduncle, pedicels and calyx with golden ‘stellate hairs, mixed with short slender spines here and there. Calyx cupular; lobes 5, triangular-subulate, 2-3 lin. long. Corolla rotate, plicate, ? in. in diam.; lobes 5, acute, stellately hairy outside the midpetaline areas. Filaments very short; anthers 2-3 lin. long, Sey attenuate above, pores terminal. Ovary globose ; style clavate, 1 + in. long, glabrous ; stigma bilobed. Mozamb. Dist. Gennes East Africa: Muansa, on Lake Victoria, Stuhlmann, 4160! When better known, this 057 have to be united with S. pandureforme, E. Meyer. 12. S. benguelense, Wawra & Peyr. Sert. Benguel. 35. An unarmed shrub 2-3 ft. high, covered with stellate ochraceous tomentum. Leaves lanceolate, obtuse or subacute, entire or undulate, unequal and acute at the base, 14-3 in. long, scabrid; petiole short. Inflorescence lateral or subter ita, 1—4-flowered. Corolla campanulate, 5-fid, violet, - glabrous inside, yellowish tomentose outside. Stamens 5; filaments very short; anthers obtuse. Style rather longer than the stamens. Berry solitary, globese, 1 in. or more in diam., yellow, 4-celled, gur- rounded by the swollen calyx. Lower Guinea. Angola; Benguela, Wawra, 289, 13. S. Volkensii, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 354. A shrub about 3 ft. high, Branches terete, unarmed, covered with 216 XCI, SOLANACER (WRIGHT). [Solanwm. ashy stellate tomentum. Leaves 3 in. long, 14 in. wide, ovate-lanceo- late, subcordate, acute, slightly repand, green with minute stellate hairs above, ashy and stellately tomentose beneath; petiole 7 lin. long, stellately-tomentose and with a few short spines. Inflorescence extra-axillary, paniculate; flowers polygamo-dicecious, the lowest hermaphrodite. Calyx cupular; lobes subulate, 2 lin. long, densely ashy stellate-tomentose. Corolla violet, rotate, plicate, about 1 in. in diam.; lobes 5 lin. long, ovate- lanceolate ; midpetaline areas white stellate-tomentose outside. Filaments very 'short ; anthers + in. eae: scarcely attenuate, pores terminal. Ovary globose ; ; style filiform, 4 in. long, stellately tomentose below. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usaramo, Stuhlmann, 6774, 73653 Kilimanjaro, Volkens, 1565; Marangu, Volkens, 2144, 14. S. Naumanni, “79/. Jahrb. viii. 64. A shrub or small tree; 2 to 26 ft. high. Branches terete, densely covered with stellate hairs. Leaves oblong, petioled, undulate, 2-3 in. long, lin. wide, stellately hairy on both surfaces, nerves prominent beneath. Flowers ‘solitary or in pairs, extra- axillary. Calyx campanulate; segments 5, 2-4 lin. long, 1 lin. wide. Corolla-lobes 5, 2-3 times as long as the calyx-limb. Stamens 5; anthers subsessile, oblong, sagittate, slightly attenuate upwards, 2 lin. long. Ovary ovoid, glabrous ; Sule densely covered with stellate hairs. Berry globose, reds edible, 14 in. in diam.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 747. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Likuru, Scott-Elliot, 4955! Nile Land. Uganda: Ankole, 4000 ft., Dawe, 450! Lower Guinea. Spanish Gaboon: Muni River, Mann, 1872! Lower Congo: Boma, Vawmann. Angola: Loanda? Welwitsch, 6077b! Quiballa, Monteiro ! Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, ‘Buchanan, 155! 1186! 6226! « Cultivated for its fruit, called Ngilo, eaten as a vegetable,””— Monteiro, 15. S. Monteiroi, (. 1. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 127. Suf- fruticose. Young stem covered with stellate hairs. Leaves oblong, sinuate, 6 in. long, 4 in. wide, unequal at the base, stellate hairs more numerous on the under surface: petiole 2 in. long. Cymesracemose. Calyx campanulate, stellately hairy ; segments 5, subulate, 4 in. long. Corolla open campanulate, 14 in. in diam., purple? ; sepments triangular, stellately hairy on both surfaces, more densely SO outside, Stamens 5; filaments 2 lin. long; anthers 4+ in. long, pores terminal, small. Berry large, purple, “ used as a vegetable” (Jonteiro). Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Boma, Wonteiro ! This somewhat resembles S. ilonnitigraniin, Jacq., but differs in having oHuD axillary cymes and stellately tomentose leaves and young stems. 16. S. Stuhlmannii, Dammer in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 354. Her- baceous. Stem angular, stellately tomentose. Leaves ovate-cordate, acute or acuminate, 2—3-lobed, sinuate-dentate, about 5 in. long and nearly as wide, hirsute with adpressed hairs; petiole 3 in. long, SS ee Solanum. | XCI, SOLANACEH (WRIGHT). 217 channelled, pilose. Cymes extra-axillary, racemose ; peduncle short ; pedicels 7 lin. long. Calyx cupular, 5-partite, hirsute; lobes subulate, 2 lin. long. Corolla 5-partite; lobes 5 lin. long, 2 lin. wide, hirsute outside. Filaments very short; anthers cordate-subulate, 3 lin. long. Ovary glabrous; style glabrous, 4 im. long; stigma lateral. Berry globose, 4 in. in diam. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Bukoba, Stuhlmann, 1577, 3873, 3994. 17. S. Thomsoni, (. 7. Wright. A shrub. Stem terete, densely covered with white stellate hairs, interspersed with longer yellow ones. Leaves oblong, acute, pinnately lobed, about 4 in. long, 2 in. wide, sessile or shortly petioled with brown stellate hairs above, densely matted with white stellate hairs interspersed with longer yellow ones on the nerves when young. Cymes nearly leaf-opposed. Calyx acerescent ; segments 5, oblong, 4 in. long, stellately hairy above, with long simple hairs at the base. Corolla rotate, } in. in diam., stellately hairy outside, glabrous inside ; lobes 5, lanceolate. Stamens 5; filaments very short; anthers oblong-lanceolate, dehiscing by terminal pores, which elongate into longitudinal slits. Ovary globose, stellately hairy ; style very short. Berry yellow, 1 in. in diam. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Lower plateau north of Lake Nyasa, Thomson ! 18. S. ethiopicum, Linn. Amen. Acad. iv. 307, not of Jacq. A branched shrub, 1-2 ft. high. Stem terete, glabrous. Leaves oblong, more or less undulate, glabrous, or very slightly scurfy on the upper surface. Cymes umbellate, few-flowered. Calyx cupular; segments ovate-lanceolate. Corolla white, 5—7-fid; segments triangular, acute. Stamens 5—7, shorter than the corolla-lobes ; anthers subsessile, oblong- lanceolate, pores terminal, small. Ovary glabrous. Berry globose, smooth or lobed, pale red; seeds flat, subreniform.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 351. Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 3429! S. ethiopicum, Jacq. (Hort. Vind. i. 4, t. 12), is probably the American S, texanum, Dunal, a spiny plant with fruit like a small tomato, which is also figured in Morison’s Hist. Pl. Univ. iii. 525, § 13, t. 2. 19. S. pauperum, (. 7. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 127. Stem woody, branched, terete, slightly rugose, lepidote when young. Leaves lanceolate, 14 in. long, 4 in. wide, glabrous, slightly crenulate, blackish when dry; petiole # in. long. Cymes umbellate, subterminal; pedicels 4 in. long. Calyx ecupular, slightly pubescent ; teeth 5, ovate, rather shorter than the tube. Corolla rotate; lobes 5, oblong, pubes- cent outside. Stamens 5: anthers sessile, short, pores small, terminal. Ovary globose; style rather longer than the stamens. Fruit globose, 4 in. in diam., smooth, shining.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 746. Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: Accra, Ansell ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Welwitsch, 6054! 6074! 6075! Muceques, near Loanda, Gosszeiler, 106! 494! 218 XCI. SOLANACE® (WRIGHT). [ Solanum. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Sh bisa (Chikwawa), Kirk ! 20. S. Geetzei, Dammer in Engl. Juhrb. xxviii. 473. An un- armed shrub, about 3 ft. high. Branches terete, densely puiverulent with stellate hairs, reddish at the apex. Leaves Janceolate or obovate, acute or acuminate, attenuate at the base, up to 6 in. long and 2 in. broad, with scattered stellate hairs on both surfaces; petiole 9 lin. long. Inflorescence usually leaf-opposed, racemose, bifid; peduncle short, densely stellate tomentose; pedicels up to 5 lin. long, stellately pilose. Calyx 5-fid stellately pilose ; lobes broadly obovate, mucronate. Corolla violet, 7 lin. in diam. ; lobes 5, linear-lanceolate, acute, stellately pilose outside. Stamens 5, subequal ; filaments short, glabrous; anthers 2 lin, long, tapering upwards. Style longer than the stamens, arcuate at the apex ; stigma subglobose. Berry the size of a pea, shining red. Seeds reniform, with large tubercles. Wozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: Usaramo; Kikoka, Stuhlmann, 127 ; Khutu Steppe, 1000 ft., Goetze, 112! Usegna; Kiwan la, Fischer, 409. 21. S. nodifiorum, Juacg. /c. ii. 11, ¢t. 326. Stem erect, herba- ceous or suffruticose ; branches herbaceous, terete, glabrous. Leaves ovate, acuminate, 4 in. long, 2 in. wide, entire, glabrous; petiole 1} in. long. Cymes umbellate, at or above the nodes, few-flowered. Calyx- lobes 5, oblong, obtuse. Corolla rotate, white, } in. in diam.; lobes 5, oblong, acute. Anthers with large oblique pores. Fruit globose, 5-6 lin. in diam., glabrous, black.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 46; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 745, S. nigrum, var guineense, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 186; Hiern, l.c. S. guineense, Lam. Ill. ii. 18; Engl. Glied. Veg. - Usambara, 22, 55, and Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 351. S. tinctortwm, Welw. Apont. Pnyto-geogr. 551, 590, No. 95, and Syn. Explic. 29, No. 70; - Hiern in Journ. Bot. 1895, 75. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Roger, 17! Senegambia, Brunner! Sierra Leone, Vogel, 108! Gold Coast: Aquapim, Vogel! Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 1054! Cameroons : Cameroon Mountain, Mann, 13821! Efulen, Bates, 279! Nile Land. Somaliland: Ah] Mountains near Maid, Hildebrandt, 1410! Bongo, Schweinfurth, 2649! Niamniam, Schweinfurth, 3242! Uganda: Ruwen- zori, 6000-90CO ft., Scott-Elliot, 7659! 7821! various localities, Wilson, 77! Whyte! British East Africa: various localities, Whyte! Kdssner, 332! 434! Lower Guinea. Angola: various localities from Loanda aud Ambriz to Huilla, Gossweiler, 464! Monteiro! Welwitsch, 6033! 6034! 6102! 6103! 6108 ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, Johuston, 76! Usam- bara; Amboni, Holst, 2840! Uniamwezi; Mininga, Speke & Grant, 79! Karagwe, . Speke & Grant, 453! British Central Africa: River Shire, Kirk ! 22. S. nigrum, Linn. Sp. Pil. ed. i. 186. An annual herb. Stem angular, more or less pubescent, up to 2 ft. high. Leaves ovate, obovate or lanceolate, sinuate-dentate, more rarely entire, tapering downwards into the petiole, more or less pubescent with simple hairs on both surfaces, up to 4 by 2 in.; petiole up to 1 in. long. Cymes um- = rr Solanum. | XCI. SOLANACEH (WRIGHT). 219 _bellate, few-flowered: peduncle slender, # in. long; pedicels spreading ‘ in flower, pendulous in fruit. Calyx cup-shaped ; lobes ovate, acute. Corolla rotate, white, | in. in diam. ; lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute. Stamens equal ; filaments short, cylindrical ; anthers 1 lin. long, oblong, obtuse, with 2 oblique pores near the apex. Style slightly longer than the stamens, pubescent below. Berry globose, glabrous, } in. in diam., black, more rarely red or yellow.—Mutel, Fl. Franc. tt. 39-40, figs. 296-308; Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii.i. 50; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv. 446; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 229; Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 8324; Engl. Pal. Ost-Afr. C. 351; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 745, excel. var. guineense; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 89, exel. 8. guineense ; var. villosum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 1863; var. rubrum, Vatke, lie. 8325; Engl. lc. 352. SS. vellosum, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8, n. 2; Engl. lc. S. rubrum, Mill. le. n. 4,notof Drége. 8. incertum, Dunal, Hist. Sol. 155. S. miniatum, Bernh. ex Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. 236; Engl. |.c. 352. SS. retroflexwm, Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 50. S. alatum, Moench, Meth. 474; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 276. S. erythrocarpon, Meyer, Prim. Fl. Esseq. 109. S. suffruticoswm, Schousb. in Willd. Enum. Hort. Berol. i. 286. S. plebeiwm, A. Rich. Tent. FI. Abyss. 11. 100; Vatke, l.c. 325; Engl. lc. 352. SS. grossedentatum, A. » Rich. lc. 101; Schweinf. in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, xv. (1865) dol. Nile Land. Nubia: Hor Tamanib, Lord! Soturba Mountains, Schweinfurth, 1106! sea-coast, Bent / Sudan: Sennar and Kordofan, Kotschy, 168! 184! 291! 313! 355! 446! Darfur, Purdy, 109! Khartoum, Broun, 26! Petherick ! Eritrea, Schweinfurth § Riva, 59! 1259! 1319! Abyssinia: various localities, Steudner, 734! Schimper, 46! 631! Quartin-Dillon, 232! Petit! Wellby! ~ Somaliland, James & Thrupp! Miss #. Cole! Uganda, Whyte! British East Africa; near Lake Elmeteita, Scott-Elliot, 6760 ! Lower Guinea. Angola: various localities, Welwitsch, 6035! 6036! 6036R ! 6053 ! 6099! 6101! 6101B ! 6109! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, Thomson! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Masuka Plateau, Whyte! between Kondowe and Karonga, Whyte! Blantyre, Descamps ; Mount Mlanji, Purves, 1! 23. S. nakurense, C. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 275. A shrub 3 ft. high. Stem quite glabrous. Leaves oblong, more or less acuminate, 1-2 in. long, 4-1 in. wide, entire or slightly sinuate, with _a few simple hairs on both surfaces. Calyx campanulate; teeth 4—5, subulate. Corolla rotate, } in. in diam.; lobes 4—5, lanceolate, pubes- cent on both surfaces. Stamens 4-5; anthers subsessile, oblong, de- _ hiscing longitudinally. Ovary oblong, glabrous ; style nearly twice as long as the stamens. Nile Land. Uganda: various lozalities between Nandi and the Upper Mau Plateau, Whyte! near Lake Nakuru, 6000 ft , Scott-Elliot, 6800! 24. S. carense, Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 105. A bush. Stem woody, terete ; young branches stellately hairy. Leaves broadly ovate or suborbicular, entire or slightly sinuate, 14 in. long, 1 in. wide, with a few scattered stellate hairs on both surfaces; petiole 6—9 lin. long 220 XCI, SOLANACE (WRIGHT). [ Solanum. Flowers few in short racemes; pedicels up to Lin. long. Calyx 2 lin, long, stellately hairy ; lobes 5, oblong. Corolla rotate, # in. in diam., stellately hairy outside ; lobes 5, oblong-lanceolate. Stamens 5; anthers subsessile, } in. long, tapering upwards, pores terminal, small. Style filiform, much longer than the anthers, recurved at the apex. Berry globose, 5 lin. in diam. Nile Land. Somaliland : Hahi, Boobi and Zafarug, James §& Thrupp ! Kirk ! Shail Pass, Dooloo and Djedaynio, Miss Hdith Cole! and without precise locality, Appleton ! Also in Arabia, where the wood is used for making spoons. 25. S. hirtulum, Steud. ex A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 101, A branched herb, 6 in. high, covered with simple hairs. Stem green, striate. Leaves ovate-oblong, acute, 2 in. long, } in. wide, undulate, ciliate, narrowed into a margined petiole; lateral veins 5-6 on each side, Inflorescence racemose, nearly leaf-opposed, 3—4-flowered ; pedicels slender, 3-5 lin. long, erect in flower, pendulous in fruit, Calyx cyathi- form, scarcely | lin. in diam.; lobes 5, ovate, obtuse, enlarging after flowering. Corolla white, } in. in diam.; segments 5, ovate-oblong, acuminate or acute. Stamens 5; anthers conniving, dehiscing by lateral slits. Style rather longer than the stamens; stigma capitate. Young fruit blackish when dry. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Samen ; near Enjedcap, Schimper, 977! 26. S. campanuliflorum, (. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 127. Suffruticose? Stem terete, clothed with simple hairs. Leaves ovate, acuminate, entire, 2 in. long, 1 in. wide, hairs on both surfaces simple; petiole 1 in. long. Inflorescence extra-axillary, few-flowered ; peduncle 1 in. long. Calyx campanulate, 1 lin. long; lobes 5, oblong, obtuse, shorter than the tube. Corolla campanulate ; lobes 5, lanceolate, 4 in. long, hairy outside. Stamens 5; anthers rather longer than the filament, pores anticous. Ovary globose; style short, pubescent. Lower Guinea. Angola: near the Cunene River, Johnston ! 27. S. lykipiense, C. H. Wright. Stem woody. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, obtuse, entire or obscurely serrate, about 1 in. long, 5 lin. wide, with simple hairs on both surfaces and densely ciliate on the ~ margin; petiole 1 lin. long. Cymes lateral, few-flowered ; peduncle slender, glabrous; pedicels $ in. long, glabrous, clavate. Calyx pubes- cent outside; lobes 5, oblong, obtuse. Corolla about 7 lin. in diam., pubescent outside; lobes 5, oblong, obtuse. Filaments very short; anthers nearly 2 lin. long, oblong, terminal pores large. Style gla- brous, clavate, a little longer than the stamens. Nile Land. British East Africa: Lykipia, 6000-8000 ft., Tomson ! The specimen from which this description is drawn up is about 6 in, long, but sufficient to show that the species is a very distinct one. 28. S. pseudospinosum, (. H. Wright. Stem slightly woody, 1 ft. high, 4-angled, pilose with simple hairs, a few becoming hard at the base. Leaves ovate, acuminate, obtuse, with simple hairs on both 2. Solanum. | XCI, SOLANACE (WRIGHT). 221 surfaces, more or less cuneate at the base, 14 in. long, nearly 1 in. wide. Cymes racemose, few-flowered; peduncle and pedicels pilose ; pedicels clavate, } in. long. Calyx campanulate, pubescent; lobes 5, ovate. Corolla 5 lin. long; tube short, glabrous outside; lobes ovate, hairy outside. Anthers subsessile, oblong, obtuse, nearly 1 lin. long, pores oblique. Style longer than the stamens; stigma capitate. Berry + in. in diam., globose, seated on the accrescent calyx.—sS. nigrum, forma, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vii. 209. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 7000-10000 ft., Wann, 1938 ! 29. S. subulatum, (. H. Wright. An unarmed shrub, stem, leaves and inflorescence covered with scurfy stellate hairs when young. Leaves oblong, acute at both ends, 6 in. long, 2 in. wide ; petiole 2 in. long. Inflorescence extra-axillary, many-flowered, the first 4 or 5 divisions dichotomous. Calyx cupular; teeth 5, distant, subulate. Corolla divided nearly to the base; lobes 5, oblong, acute, 2 lin. long, with stellate hairs outside; midrib prominent within, Anthers sub- sessile, slightly tapering to the apex. Ovary globose; style linear, rather longer than the anthers, with stellate hairs on the lower part. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Masuka Plateau, 6500- 7000 ft., Whyte, 289! 30. S. verbascifolium, Linn. Sp. Pi. ed.i. 184. An unarmed shrub or almost a tree. Leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, quite entire, up to 8in. long, upper surface with adpressed stellate hairs, lower mealy with dense stellate tomentum. Inflorescence corymbose, subterminal, at length lateral, mealy (except inside the corolla) with stellate tomentum ; peduncle usually forked. Calyx-tube campanulate, 2 lin. long ; lobes not quite as long as the tube, broadly triangular. Corolla ¢ in. in diam., white, rarely pale blue; tube short; lobes 5, oblong. Filaments very short; anthers oblong, obtuse, pores slightly oblique, wide. Berry globose, up to din. in diam., yellow.—Jacq. Hort. Vind. i. t. 18; Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 114; Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. 449; C..B: Cl. m Hook. f. FI. Brit: Ind. iv. 230. Upper Guinea. Lagos, Millen, 50! Lower Guinea. Angola: Malange, Gossweiler, 1105! Also in Tropical Asia, North Australia, and Tropical America. 31. S. schimperianum, /ochst. in Flora, 1841, i. Intell. 24. A shrub about 5ft. high. Stem terete, stellately hairy when young, glabrous when old. Leaves ovate, acute, about 1 in. long, ? in. wide, covered with more or less deciduous stellate hairs; petiole channelled above. Inflorescence few-flowered. Calyx cyathiform, 2 lin. long, 4-partite. Corolla } in. in diam., stellately hairy outside; lobes 4, ovate-oblong, longer than the tube. Stamens 4; anthers 14 lin. long, oblong, obtuse. Stigma slightly 2-lobed. Berry globose, 5 lin. in diam. —Dunalin DC. Prodr. xiii, i, 94; Vatkein Linnea, xlii. 326: Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 352. Aa 222 XCI. SOLANACES (WRIGHT). [ Solanum. Wile Land. Nubia: Wadi Harrassa, between Suakin and Berber, Schwein- furth, 245! Abyssinia: Mount Sholoda, near Adowa, Schimper, 202 ! 32. S. senegambicum, Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 194. A shrub. Branches flexuose, blackish, stellately tomentose. Leaves solitary or geminate, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, entire or subrepand, stellately hairy, 3-4 in. long; petiole $-} in. long. Cymes extra- axillary, 8—9-flowered. Calyx subcampanulate, 4-fid; lobes acute, stellately tomentose. Corolla 4-4} in. in diam., 4-partite ; lobes ovate- lanceolate, acute, glabrous inside, stellately hairy outside. Stamens 4,~ equal; filaments white, complanate, very short; anthers pale yellow, 1 lin. long, pores terminal. Ovary globose, glabrous; style filiform, 2 lin. long, stellately tomentose. Berry globose, orange, 4-5 lin. in diam. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 713. 33. S. polyanthemum, Hochst. ex Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 94. A shrub. Branches subdichotomous, flexuose, covered with ochraceous stellate hairs. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, up to 3 in. by 14in., stellately hairy above, more densely so beneath; petiole up to lin. long. Cymes short, racemose, 2-fid, terminal or lateral ; pedicels ? in. long in fruit. Calyx cyathiform, 2 lin. long, stellately tomentose outside; tube very short; lobes oblong from a wide base. Corolla deeply 5-fid, stellately tomentose outside, glabrous inside; lobes ovate. Stamens 5, half as long as the corolla. Ovary globose, pubescent at the apex; stigma capitate. Berry globose, 5 lin. in diam., yellow ?— Engl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 26, and PA. Ost-Afr. C. 352. Nile Land. Eritrea: near Acrur, 4300 ft., Schweinfurth § Riva, 1004! Abyssinia : near Axum, Schimper, 1526! 34. S. catombelense, Poyritsch in Sitz. Akad. Math.-Nat. Wien, Xxxvill. (1860) 576. Suffruticose, about 2ft. high. Stem terete, densely covered with stellate hairs. Leaves lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, $1} in. wide, more or less undulate, stellately tomentose on both surfaces ; petiole }in. long. Inflorescence extra-axillary, racemose, 4—5-flowered ; pedicels reflexed after flowering. Calyx campanulate ; lobes 5, as long as the limb, stellately hairy outside. Corolla rotate, 3 times longer than the calyx, milk-white to violet, stellately hairy outside ; lobes 5, oblong, acute. Stamens 5; filaments very short; anthers lanceolate, pores terminal. Ovary globose, stellately hairy above. Fruit globose, 3-5 lin. in diam., smooth, scarlet or orange.—Hiernin Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 748. SS. albotomentosum, C. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 128. Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda ; near Maianga do Povo, Welwitsch, 6048 ! Praia de Conceicao, Welwitsch, 6077! Muceques, Gossweiler, 116! Catombela, Wawra, 268. 235. A branched unarmed shrub, covered with stellate tomentum. Branches terete. Leaves oblong, subacute, 14-3 in. long, 5-10 lin. wide, j ' Solanum. | XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). 223 attenuate at the base, petiolate, green and with sparing stellate pubes- cence above, and copious ashy-white tomentum beneath. Racemes extra-axillary, near the apex of the branches, few-flowered. Calyx 5-toothed, pubescent. Corolla funnel-shaped, 5-fid ; lobes ovate, acute, pubescent outside. Anthers short, oblong, attenuate above. Style cylindrical, straight, longer than the stamens, stellately hairy below.— Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 355. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese Kast Africa: throughout the province of Moz- ambique, Peéers. 36. S. distichum, Zhonn. in Schumach. & Thon. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 122. An unarmed shrub, furnished with stellate tomentum. Leaves geminate, unequal, ovate, slightly attenuate towards the apex, entire or stightly repand, subequal at the base, 4—7 in. long, puberulous above, stellately hairy beneath; petiole 14 in. long, terete. Cymes racemose, nearly leaf-opposed, 8—12-flowered; pedicels distichous, thickened in fruit. Calyx widely campanulate; lobes 5, rather acute, tomentose. Corolla rotate, “ size of that of S. nigrum,” white; tube short ; lobes 5, acute. Stamens 5; filaments very short; anthers oblong, erect, pores terminal. Ovary subrotund, glabrous; style filiform, scarcely longer than the stamens, stellately hairy ; stigma obtuse. Berry small, globose, glabrous, red. Seeds subovoid, compressed.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 130. Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: Aquapim, Thonning. 37. S. Reichenbachii, Vatke in Linnea, xiii. 330. An unarmed shrub. Branches angular, covered when young with pale yellow floceose tomentum. Leaves geminate, ovate-oblong, 2-3 in, long, tomentose along the nerves above, densely covered with white floccose tomentum beneath; petiole # in, long. Cymes axillary or extra- axillary, 2—5-flowered. Calyx cyathiform-campanulate, _ stellately tomentose. Corolla small, 5-fid; lobes subtriangular, obtuse, villous outside. Anthers small, oval. Style filiform, glabrous. Berry sub- globose, glabrous. Nile Land. Somaliland: Ahl Mountains, Hi/debrandt, 834d. 38. S. geminifolium, Zhonn. in Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin Pl, 121. An unarmed branched shrub, 2 ft. high. Stem terete, covered with stellate hairs. Leaves geminate, unequal, ovate, entire or subrepand, subacute, subequal at the base, 4-8 in. long, stellately hairy on both surfaces ; petiole terete, 14 in. long. Cymes racemose, extra-axillary ; pedicels 8-20, cernuous, incrassate in fruit. Calyx campanulate, 5-fid; lobes acute, furnished with a few stellate hairs. Corolla campanulate, white, $ in. in diam.; tube as long as the calyx; lobes 5, ovate-lanceolate. Stamens 5; filaments very short; anthers oblong, free. Ovary subrotund, glabrous, 2-4-celled; style filiform, as long as the stamens, pubescent below; stigma obtuse. Berry subrotund, glabrous, yellow, size of a plum, fleshy.—Dunal in DC. 224 XCI, SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). [ Solanum. Prodr. xiii. i. 8352; J. Braun in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. 11. (1889) TSE Upper Guinea. Guinea (Gold Coast ?) : cultivated land, Thonning. Togo, Braun. 39. S. albifolium, C. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin,1894, 127. A shrub or small tree. Stem terete, when young clothed with white stellate hairs. Leaves pinnately lobed about halfway to the midrib, 5 in. long, 3 in. wide, dark green with a few deciduous stellate hairs above, densely tomentose with white stellate hairs beneath; petiole Jin. long. Inflorescence nearly leaf-opposed, cymose. Calyx cupular, densely white stellate hairy outside; teeth 5, triangular, much shorter than the tube. Corolla rotate; lobes 5, linear, stellately hairy outside, pubescent along the midrib within. Stamens 5; anthers subsessile, lanceolate, pores small, terminal. Ovary globose, hairy; style short, subulate. Fruit globose, 5 lin. in diam., sulphur-coloured, smooth. —Hiern in Journ. Bot. 1895, 74, and Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw, i. 747. SS. saponaceum, Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr. 551, 588; Ficalho, PI. Uteis, 232; Monteiro, Angola, ii. 111, not of Dunal. Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; near Quibixe, Welwisch, 6093! 6095b! Bumbo: Chella Mountains, Welwitsch, 6040! «Fruit used for washing cloths, &c., instead of soap.” Monteiro, 1.c. 40. S. sealare, C. H. Wright in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxx. 93. Suffruticose. Stem terete, covered with stellate hairs. Leaves ovate- oblong, acute or shortly acuminate, undulate, 4 in. long, 2-3 in. wide, stellately hairy on both surfaces. Inflorescence extra-axillary, dis- tinctly racemose; pedicels about 10, distichous, up to 5 lin. long in fruit. Calyx cupular; lobes 5, subulate, covered with stellate hairs. Corolla rotate, 5 lin.in diam., white or violet; lobes 5, oblong, twice as long as the calyx, stellately hairy outside, glabrous within. Stamens 5; anthers oblong, subsessile, nearly as long as the corolla-lobes, pores terminal. Ovary globose, stellately hairy; style subulate, as long as the stamens, covered with stellate hairs. Berry globose, }in. in diam., smooth, shining red.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 749. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Mofari, Scott-Elliot, 4394 ! Sakaro, Scott-Elliot, 4898! and without precise locality, Garrett, 18! Gold Coast; Aburi, Brown, 320! Lagos: Oshogbho, Moloney! near Lagos, Rowland, 4! Northern Nigeria : confluence of the Niger and Benue Rivers, Barter! Southern Nigeria: Cross River Expedition, Holland, 188 ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; near Sange, Welwitsch, 6088 ! near Camilungo, Welwitsch, 6089! palm groves by the River Quibolo, Welwitsch, 6090! Pungo Andongo; banks of the River Casabalé, Welwitsch, 6104 ! 41, S. Heudelotii, Dunal in DO. Prodr, xiii. i, 205. A shrub. Branches slender; spines reflexed, reddish-yellow. Leaves ovate- elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, 6-10 lin. long, 3-5 lin. wide, tomentose when young, glabrous or slightly pilose in age; primary veins 2-3 on each side ; petiole 3-4 lin. long. Inflorescence racemose, few-flowered, rhachis scurfy tomentose, slightly spiny. Calyx cyathiform, 12 lin. Solanum. | XCI. SOLANACEZ (WRIGHT). 225 in diam., 5-fid, unarmed, accrescent; teeth acute. Corolla 5-partite, 6-7 lin. in diam. ; lobes oblong, slightly reflexed, glabrous inside, tomentose outside. Stamens 5, erect; filaments very short; anthers 2lin. long. Style filiform, twice as long as the stamens ; stigma sub- capitate. Berry globose, glabrous, 1 } in, in diam., orange ? Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 417 ! 42. S. macracanthum, 4. hich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 106. A much- branched, very spiny herb, Branches terete, covered with stellate hairs ; spines robust, straight, yellow, glabrous. Leaves oblong-oval, obtuse, subentire or ‘sinuate-pandurate, 1 in. long, stellately hairy on both surfaces and spiny on the midrib, petioled. Cymes lateral, few- flowered. Calyx 5-fid, hirsute, aculeate. Corolla-lobes ovate-lanceolate, acute, hirsute. Berry the size of a cherry, orange, glabrous. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Shoa, Petit. 43. S. albicaule, Kotschy ex Dunal i DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 204. A shrub. Stem terete, slender, covered when young with white stellate tomentum; spines compressed, recurved. Leaves ovate, acuminate, sometimes slightly lobed with stellate hairs on both sur- faces, up to 14 in. long and 1 in. wide; petiole 4 as long as the blade. Inflorescence extra-axillary, racemose, usually bifid; lower pedicels deciduous, leaving black scars. Calyx short, campanulate, 5-fid, ‘stellately tomentose outside. Corolla rotate, stellately tomentose “outside; lobes 5, linear, 5 lin. long. Stamens 5; filaments very ‘short; anthers with terminal pores. Ovary globose, glabrous; style of lower flowers shorter than the anthers, of terminal longer. Berry pendulous, globose, 4 in. in diam., glabrous.—Schweinf. in ‘Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, xv. (1865) 551; Vatke in Linnea, xliii. ‘326; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 352; Zarb in Cat. Spéc. Bot. Pfund, 31. S. scindicum, Prain in Journ. As. "Soe. Beng. lxv. 542. Wile Land. Nubia: Sotmba Mountains, Schweinfurth; Uaratab Mountains, Suakim, Schweinfurth, 1362! Hor Tamanib, Lord, 2! 37! Sea-coast, Bent / Kordofan, Kotschy, 309! 418! Pfund, 107 ! 373! 646! Eritrea; Mount Ghedem, near Massowa, 500-1000 ft., Schweinfurth § Riva, 82! Abyssinia, Plowden ! Somaliland: Darror and Harradigit, James & Thrupp ! 3 Also from Scinde to Egypt. 44. S, kwebense, V. #. Br. An erect branching shrub, 4-5 ft. high. Branches rather slender, 1-1} lin. thick, at first densely covered with close white or pale yellow stellate tomentum, then pruinose, finally glabrous, unarmed or with a few small spines. Leaves lanceo- late or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, broadly cuneate or acute at the base, thinly covered with minute stellate adpressed hairs above, more densely so beneath, at length nearly glabrous on both surfaces. Cymes small, 2-7- (sometimes 1-) flowered, stellately tomentose ;: peduncles 13-4 lin. long;' pedicels 2-6 lin. long. Calyx campanulate, 13 lin. long, stellately tomentose outside, 5-lobed nearly half-way down; lobes LOSS ovate, subacute. Corolla rotate or reflexed, 5-lobed, white or "VOL. IV.—SEC. 2. Qr se 226 XCI. SOLANACEH (WRIGHT). | Solanum. mauve, glabrous inside ; lobes 3 times as long as the tube, 4—5 lin. long, 1} lin. wide, oblong-lanceolate, subacute. Stamens 5, uniform; fila- ments very short; anthers 7 in. long, linear-oblong, pores terminal. Berry globose, about + in. in diam., scarlet. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland : Kwebe Hills, 3300 ft. Lugard, 50! Mrs. Lugard, 62! 45. S. melastomoides, (. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 128. A slender shrub. Stem slender, terete, dark brown, covered with white stellate hairs when young; spines straight or slightly curved, 3-5 lin. long, slightly compressed. Leaves solitary, ovate-oblong or oblong, entire or very slightly sinuate, up to 2 in. long and 1 in. wide, stellately hairy on both sides, sometimes spiny on the midrib ; petiole 4 in. long, unarmed or nearly so. Cymes extra-axillary, about 9- flowered. Calyx cupular, 2 lin. long, stellately tomentose outside; lobes 5, roundish. Corolla broadly campanulate, plicate, 14 in. in diam., stellately hairy outside the midpetaline areas. Stamens 5; four filaments } lin. long, the fifth }in.; anthers } in. long, obtuse, pores slightly oblique. Style rather longer than the stamens, hooked and thickened at the apex. Nile Land. Somaliland: Boobi and Harradigit, James & Thrupp ! Dooloo, Miss Edith Cole, 46. S. hastifolium, Hochst. ex Dunal in DC. Prodr, xiii. i, 284. A shrub. Stem slender, terete, sparingly hairy; spines short, re- curved, compressed. Leaves hastate or more or less pinnately lobed, 14 in. long, 4} in. wide, with scattered stellate hairs on both surfaces, unarmed. Inflorescence lateral and terminal on the branches, racemose or reduced to asingle flower. Calyx 5-fid, stellately hairy ; lobes acute. Corolla 5-partite, stellately hairy outside; lobes narrow, acute, 5 lin, long. Stamens 5; anthers subsessile, rather shorter than the corolla- lobes, lanceolate, pores small, terminal. Ovary globose; style much longer than the anthers. Berry globose, smooth, } in. in diam. Nile Gand. Kordofan: on various mountains, Kotschy, 71! 393! Pfund, 330! 342! 643! Sennar: Abu Harras, Schweinfurth, 1401! Abyssinia: Jaja, 4000 ft., Schimper, 2328! Uganda: near Lake Baringo, Johnston ! A more robust hairy form with larger subentire leaves was collected on mountains near Gageros, in Abyssinia, by Schimper (2327a!). This species has been confused with S. ¢rilobatum, Linn., which does not appear to occur in Tropical Africa. 47. S. taitense, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 327. A much-branched shrub. Branches glabrous; spines few, compressed, slightly recurved. Leaves ovate or linear-lanceolate, obtuse, entire or slightly repand, stellately tomentose on both sides, 1 in. long. Flowers solitary or in pairs; peduncle filiform, 5 lin. long, tomentose. Calyx shortly cup- shaped, unarmed, 5-partite; lobes linear from an ovate base, obtuse. Corollaftwice as long as the calyx, 5 lin. in diam., deeply 5-lobed ; lobes attenuate, rather obtuse, } in. long, } lin. wide, stellately tomentose outside, glabrous within. Stamens 5, shorter than the corolla ; anthers subsessile, oblong-linear, subeonnivent, pores terminal. Style filiform, Solanwm. | XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). 227 hirsute, + in. long, recurved at the apex.—w. teitense, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr, C. 353. Wile Land. British Hast Africa: desert between Ndi Mountain and the River Tsavo, Hildebrandt, 2605. 48. S. sepicula, Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 283. Wfozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usagara ; at the foot of the Vidunda -Mountains near Kidodi, Goetze, 384! 84. S. bathecladon, Dammer in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 476. Branches stellately tomentose, at length nearly glabrous; spines re- curved, 1-14 lin. long. Leaves ovate, repand or sinuate, 4 in. long, 24 in. broad, scabrid with stellate hairs above, paler and densely tomentose beneath, with straight spines on both surfaces; petiole about 1 in. long, with many recurved spines. Cymes extra-axillary, race- mose, few-flowered, 14 in. long; peduncle and pedicels spiny, densely stellate-tomentose. Calyx 4—5-fid, stellate-tomentose and densely spiny outside; lobes } in. long, lanceolate. Corolla rotate, violet, plicate, 14 in. in diam. ; lobes 4-5, broadly ovate, mucronate, densely stellate- tomentose outside. Stamens 4-5, equal; filaments glabrous, § lin. long; anthers yellow, 5 lin. long, tapering towards the apex. Ovary conical, glabrous; style 7 lin. long, stellate-pilose; stigma 2-lobed. '“Wlozamb. Dist. German East Africa: East Uluguru; in deserted fields near Lussegwa, 1600 ft., Stuhlmann, 8731 ! 85. S. Bojeri, Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii.i. 344. Branches terete, covered with pale yellow stellate hairs, unarmed or with a few recurved compressed spines. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, subcordate at the base, 4—6 in. long, about 2 in. wide, entire or subrepand, stellately hairy on both surfaces, yellowish-green above, paler beneath ; petiole 7-8 lin. long. Cymes racemose, simple or bifid; flowers large, fragrant, lowest alone fertile, the other 4-5 male; peduncle, pedicels, outside of calyx and corolla covered with pale yellow stellate tomentum. Calyx broadly campanulate, J} in. in diam., unarmed in the sterile flowers ; lobes 5, ovate-cuneate, cuspidate. Corolla 1 in, in diam., lilac, plicate ; lobes 5, ovate-lanceolate, acute, reflexed, hairy on the midrib inside. Stamens 5, equal, {-4 in. long; filaments dilated at the base, subcom- planate, up to 1 lin. long; anthers oblong-linear, 4 in. long, dull yellow. Ovary ovoid, clothed with rusty tomentum ; style declinate, subterete, tomentose except at the apex; stigma capitate. Berry Fre = . Solanum. | XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). 241 depressed, globose, yellow, glabrous, size of a pigeon’s egg.—Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 235; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 355. 8. suaveolens, Bo}. Hort. Maurit., 259, partly, not of Kunth & Bouché. IMozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Pefers. German East Africa: several localities. ex Engler. Var. sinuato-repandum, Dunal, l.c. 345. Branches fuscous, naked at the base. Leaves lanceolate, sinuate-repand. Racemes 2-fid; flowers many, crowded. Style glabrous.—Klotzsch, l.c. 285. 8. suaveolens, Bojer, 1.c., partly. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Usambara, ex Engler, Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi at Tete, and on the mainland and island of Mozambique, Peters. Also in the Masearene Islands. 86. S. monotanthum, Vammer in Hngl. Jahrb. xxviii. 474. A shrub, about 3 ft. high. Branches elongated, densely stellate-tomen- tose, spines compressed, recurved, Leaves ovate, undulate-repand, 6 in. long, 22 in. broad, scabrid on both surfaces, green above, paler and spiny on ‘the midrib beneath ; petiole 14 in. long. Inflorescence extra-axillary, racemose; lowest flower in ‘the axill of the raceme; rhachis densely stellate-pilose ; lowest pedicel spiny, the rest unarmed, up to 4 in. long. Calyx cup-shaped, angled; teeth 4, subulate. Corolla violet, 1 in. in diam.; lobes 4, long ovate-lanceolate, stellately hairy outside. Stamens 4; filaments short, glabrous; anthers 4 in. long, tapering upwards. Ovary globose, glabrous ; style a little long er than the stamens. Fruit 5 lin. in diam. Seeds reniform, tuberculate. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Khutu Steppe, Goetze, 113. 87. = hybridum, Jacq. Hort. Vind. ii. 51, t. 118. A branched shrub, 2-5 ft. high. Stem terete, glabrous; spines small, distant, cee bratiches tomentose. Leaves geminate, ovate, acute, sinuate or entire, 3 in. long, 2 in. wide, stellately tomentose on both surfaces, petioled. Cymes racemose, umbellate or reduced to a single flower. Calyx tumentose ; tube spiny ; lobes linear-lanceolate. Corolia 1 in. in diam., paie purple, 5-fid; lobes broadly triangular. Stamens half as long as the corolla-lobes. Berry pendulous, subrotund, 1 in. in diam., orange-red.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 298. Guinea. Hx Dunal. Nile Land. Gallabat: near Hammad, Schweinfurth, 1387 ! 88. S. cerasiferum, Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 365. Stem branched, cylindrical, minutely stellately hairy ; spines generally straight. Leaves oblong, acute, 24 in. long, 14 in. wide, pinnately lobed, furnished with minute stellate hairs and a few rigid spines on both surfaces. Cymes racemose. Calyx campanulate, 10- ribbed, densely stellately hairy, sparingly spiny; lobes 5, ovate-lanceolate. Corolla campanulate, # in. in diam., violet, densely stellately hairy outside ; lobes 5, lanceolate, acute. Stamens 5; anthers + in. long, subsessile. Ovary subglobose, hairy at the apex; style terete, elongate, covered with stellate hairs. Berry yellow.—Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 356. VOL. IV.—SEC. 2. R 242 XCI. SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). | Solanum. Wile Land. Sennar, Acerbi, ex Dunal. Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Hildebrandt, 987! Var. cinereo-tomentosum, Dunal, l.c. Branches, undersurface of leaves, peduncles, pedicels and outside of calyx and corolla ashy-grey tomentose. Wile Land. Sennar, Kotschy, 333 ! 89. S. antidotum, Dammer in Hngl. Pil. Ost-Afr. C. 355. A shrub. Branches terete, densely covered with stellate hairs; spines straight, compressed, hairy at the base, Lexves ovate, slightly sinuate, Bbeuce, mucronate, about 2 in. long, 1$ in. wide, densely stellately tomentose on both surfaces; nerves very prominent below, shortly spiny ; petiole 5 lin. long, stellately tomentose, spiny. Calyx cupular ; teeth 5, triangular- lanceolate, 1} lin. long. Corolla rotate, 10 lin. in diam., deeply 5-lobed ; lobes 1 in. long, 2 lin. wide, oblong-oval, densely covered with minute stellate hairs outside. Filaments very short; anthers + in. long, slightly attenuate towards the apex. Ovary sub- globose ; style stellately tomentose at the base. WMozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Pare Moéta, Fischer, 314. 90. S. Melongena, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1.186. A robust herb or almost a shrub, spiny. Branches terete, usually dark purple, clothed with sessile stellate hairs. Leaves ovate, repand or sinuate, acuminate, unequal at the base, 6—9 in. long, 3-5 in. wide, stellately tomentose on both surfaces, unarmed, rarely spiny ; petiole 1 in. long, spiny. Flowers solitary, or few in a cyme with the lowest alone fertile, 5—9-merous. Calyx often spiny, 4 in. in diam., enlarging in fruit; lobes unequal, linear-lanceolate. Corolla violet-purple, 1-14 in. in diam., stellatety hairy on both surfaces; lobes 4—5 lin. long, triangular, acute. Fila- ments short; anthers +-+ in. long, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, pores apical, small. Style 2-3 lin. long, slightly curved, stellately hairy at the base. Berry oblong or slightly enlarged above, 6 in. long, blackish- purple; placentas fleshy.—Nees in Trans. Linn. Soe. xvii. 48 ; Sendtn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 77; C. B. Clarkein Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 235 partly; Duthie, Field & Gard. Crops, iii. 31, t. 95; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 748; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 99; Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 496. S. esculentum, Dunal, Hist. Solan. 208, t. 3; and in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 855; Engl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 22, and Pfi. Ost-Afr. C. 355. S. edule, Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. i25; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, 231; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 355. Upper Guinea. Lagos, Rowland! Northern Nigeria; Kuka, Vogel, 28! Wile Land. Somali Land, Mrs. Lort Phillips! Lower Guinea. Angola: near Pembaand near the River Lucala, Welwitsch, 6083! near Ngombe, Welwitsch, 6084! German South-west Africa: Hereroland, Luderitz, 13! Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Peters. German East Africa: Rovuma River, Kirk ! Var. inerme, Hiern, l.c. Stem woody, unarmed. Stamens 6. Ovary globose, 4-celled.—S. esculentum, var. inerme, Dunal in DC, Prody. xiil. i. 355; Baum, Kunene Samb. Exped. 361, 443. a aed Solanwm. } XCI. SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). 243 Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Vogel, 52! North-east from Sierra Leone, Garrett, 22! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 351! Lower Guinea. Angola: near Sange, Welwitsch, 6091! by the River Cuango, Welwitsch, 6092! by the River Luinha in Queta, Welwitsch, 6093! Banza do Sobato Bango, Welwitsch, 6094! by the Quiriri River above Sakkemecho, 3900 ft., Baum, 725 ! IMozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Amboni, Holst, 2829 ! 91. S. kitivuense, Dammer in Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 353 Branches slender, terete, stellately tomentose; spines straight or slightly reflexed, 1 in. long. Leaves ovate, oval or lanceolate, obtuse or acute, sinuate-repand, 24 in. long, 14 in. wide, green and stellately pubescent above, rusty stellate- tomentose beneath, more or less spiny on both surfaces; petiole 7 lin. long, spiny, stellate-tomentose. Racemes extra-axillary ; peduncle and pedicels stellate-tomentose, spiny here and there. Calyx cupular, stellate-tomentose outside, 5-partite; lobes 2 lin. long, subulate. Corolla rotate, 10 lin. in diam., stellate-tomen- tose outside; lobes linear, acute, 5 lin. long, 1 lin. wide. Filaments short; anthers } in. long, tapering to the apex. Ovary subglobose, glabrous ; style glabrous, 5 lin. long; stigma oblique, bifid. Immature berry ellipsoid. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usaramo; Bunbe, Stuhlmann, 7026 ; Usambara ; Kitivu, Holst, 276. 92. S. aculeastrum, Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii.i. 366. A shrub, 7-15 ft. high ; stem terete, with short dense white stellate tomentum on the younger parts; spines very large, ? in. long, compressed, recurved. Leaves geminate or ternate, green above, with dense white stellate tomentum beneath and spines on the midrib. Cymes extra-axillary, racemose, lowest flower alone fertile. Calyx cupular, 5-fid, enlarged in fruit; lobes 2 lin. long, spiny and covered with stellate tomentum outside. Corolla rotate, 5-lobed; lobes linear, 1-nerved, 4 in. long, 1 lin. broad, white or yellowish, stellately hairy outside, glabrous within. Stamens 5; filaments very short; anthers + in. long, pores terminal, small. Ovary globose, stellately hairy; style short. Berry globose, 2 in. in diam., smooth, yellow.—C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 95. S.sodomeum, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 147, not of Linn. Mozamb. Dist. Uganda: Nandi, 7000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6977! between Nandi and Kakamagas, 4000-4500 ft., Whyte! Ruwenzori forest, 8000 ft., Scott- Elliot, 7778! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Blantyre, Scott! Shire High- lands, Buchanan, 1388! Mount Sochi, Meller, 5! forest between Lake Shirwa and Lake Chiuta, Cunningham, 25! ‘The natives eat the outer part of the fruit, which, when ripe, is yellow and hard. The inner portion is dreadfully bitter.”— Buchanan. Also in South Africa. 93. S. duplosinuatum, Alotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 233. A shrub, about 3 ft. high. Stem covered when young with stellate 244 XCI, SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). | Solanum. hairs; spines straight, + in. long. Leaves subsessile, bi- to tri-pinnatifid, 8 in. long, 5 in. broad, with straight spines § in. long on both surfaces of the principal veins, upper surface with simple straight hairs, under surface with stellate hairs. Cymes racemose, few-flowered ; flowers 5-merous. Calyx campanulate, spiny, clothed with long-rayed stellate hairs ; lobes lanceolate-subulate. Corolla mauve, broadly campanulate, about 14in. in diam. Filaments very short ; anthers jin. long, oblong, attenuate, pores terminal, small. Ovary globose; style as long as the stamens. Fruit globose, 14 in. in diam., white in the upper third. green at the base, with many green branching lines from base to apex. —Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soe. xxix. 118; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 354, and Glied. Veg. Usambara, 18; Medley Wood, Natal Plants, i. 39, t. 49; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 750; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 98. Solanwm no. 3, R. Br. in Speke, Nile, Append. 641. S. Farini, Dammann in Wien. Ill. Gartz. 1896, 405, fig. 59. S. Kik- mandschart, Dammer in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 352. Upper Guinea. Lagos, Rowland ! Dawodu, 37! Gambia, Brown-Lester, 3! Abeokuta, Harrison, 23 ! Nile Land. Abyssinia: Begemeder, Schimper, 1404! Niamniam: by the Nabambisso River, Schweinfurth, 3047 ! Uganda: Ruwenzori; Kivata, Scott-Elliot, 7693! Unyoro, Speke & Grant, 605! British East Africa: Ribe, Wakefield ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; Sange, Welwitsch, 6096! lLoanda, Gossweiler, 388! Bembe, Monteiro ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro; road to Moschi, Volkens, 1729; Dar es Salaam, Kirk! Portugese East Africa; on the mainland and island of Mozambique, Peters, between Senna and Lupata, Kirk ! Var. semiglabrum, C. H. Wright. Differs from the type in having small spines, fewer hairs on the leaves, smaller flowers and calyx-lobes suddenly subulate from a broad base. Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 1844! Also in South Africa. 94. S. dasyphyllum, Thonn. in Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin- Pl. 126. Stem subherbaceous, branched, terete, tomentose. Leaves subsessile, broadly cuneate, with angular lobes, 1 ft. long, 8 in. wide, with branched hairs on both surfaces; spines on both surfaces of the larger nerves subulate, straight, compressed, 4 in. long. Racemes leaf- opposed, 4—8-flowered ; pedicels cernuous, 4-1 in. long. Calyx 5-par- tite, rather woolly, spiny; lobes lanceolate, subacuminate, patent. Corolla rotate, blueish, # in. in diam., villous outside the midpetaline areas. Stamens 5, equal, about half as long as the corolla; filaments very short; anthers oblong-linear. Ovary subglobose; style filiform ; stigma obtuse. Berry subglobose, size of a large apple, dusky yellow. Upper Guinea. Cultivated ground, Thonning. Imperfectly known species. 95. S. africanum, Dunal, Hist. Solan. 238; Syn. Solan. 48. Leaves much and deeply crenate. Fruit baccate.—DC. Prodr. xiii. 1, 372. Africa, without precise locality, ex Dunal, Solanum. | XCI, SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). 245 96. S. congense, Link, Enum. i. 187. Stem tomentose; spines straight, } in. long. Leaves ovate, sinuate, tapering into the petiole, 6 in. long, 5 in. wide, tomentose, spiny on the midrib. Peduncle many- flowered, thick, much shorter than the pedicels. Calyx } in. long, tomentose ; lobes obtuse. Corolla deeply 5-lobed, blue; lobes tomen- tose outside. Anthers distinct, equal. Lower Guinea. Congo, ex Link. 97. S. Crepini, Van Hewrck, Obs. Bot. 89. A shrub, armed in all its parts with stout straight prickles. Branches terete, with short deciduous hairs. Leaves ovate or elliptic, sinuately lobed, acute, trun- cate and unequal at the base, 2—4 in. long, clothed with numerous short stellate hairs and bearing straight spines on both surfaces. Cyme heli- coid; basal flower hermaphrodite, the others male. Calyx 4 in. long, 5-partite ; lobes narrowly ianceolate, acuminate. Corolla 7 lin. long, h-lobed. Stamens 5; anthers 4 in. long, subsessile. Ovary conical ; style slightly longer than the stamens. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Sieber. 98. S. Hildebrandtii, 4. Br. & Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1874, 18; Vatke in Linnea, xiii. 8325, name only. Wile Land. Somaliland: Ahl Mountains, Hildebrandt, 865 ; Maid, Hilde- brandt, 1412. Native name “ Aio.” 99. S. macilentum, 4. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 105. A spiny shrub. Branches slender, ashy-tomentose; spines compressed, re- curved. Leaves oblong-ovate, obtuse, cordate at the base, subentire or slightly sinuate, thinly membranous, pilose, petioled. Cymes lateral on a long peduncle, usually 2-forked, many-tlowered, tomentose ; flowers polygamous, the basai on each branch hermaphrodite and long-pedicelled. Calyx unarmed, obsoletely 5-toothed. Corolla-lobes oblong-lanceolate, acute, tomentose outside. Anthers uniform. Berry globose, glabrous, fusiform. Wile Land. Eritrea: Shoho, Quartin Dillon. 100. S. pruinosum, var. pilosulum, Dunal in DC. Prody, xii. 1. 59. Herbaceous. Branches finely white pruinose. Leaves cuneate- rhomboid, 2—3 in. long, about 1 in. wide, almost glabrcus above, minutely white hairy beneath. Racemes 6—7-flowered. Peduncle, pedicels, calyx and corolla hispid with short white hairs, Corolla white, 5-fid, 5 lin. wide. Anthers conniving, dehiscing by two apical slits. Berry globose, size of a pea. Wile Land. Sennar, dcerbi. 101. S. setaceum, Dammer in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 303. A shrub. Branches slender, densely covered with setze about 4 in. long, deciduous except at the hardened base. Leaves ovate, cordate, 1 in. 246 XCI. SOLANACE (WRIGHT). | Solanum. long, 7 lin. wide, stellately tomentose on both surfaces ; petiole about + in. long, stellately tomentose. Inflorescence extra-axillary ; peduncle, pedicels, and calyx stellately tomentose ; fruiting pedicels ? in. long, incrassate at the apex. Calyx 5-partite ; segments linear-lanceolate, 15 lin. long in fruit. Corolla and stamens unknown. Berry brick-red, globose, + in. in diam. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: near the River Dehu, at the foot of Kilimanjaro, 3000 ft., Volkens, 2202. 102. S. togoense, Dammer in Schlechter, West-Afr. Kautschuk- EHuped. 312, name only. Upper Guinea. ‘Togo: amongst climbing shrubs near Badja, Schlechter, 12974, 103, S. uncinatum, #. Br. in Sali, Abyss. Append. 64; Roem. & Schultes, Syst. Veg. iv. 669; Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 876, name only. Wile Land. Abyssinia, Salt. 104. S. usaramense, Dammer in Engl. Pil. Ost-Afr. C. 353. Branches woody, terete, slender, stellately tomentose ; spines numerous, sharp, recurved, less than 1 lin. long. Leaves elliptic, green and stellately pilose above, stellately tomentose and with scattered spines beneath ; petiole 4 in. long. Inflorescence extra-axillary ; pedicels stellately tomentose, spiny. Calyx cupular, 5-partite, stellately tomen- tose, spiny ; lobes lanceolate. Corolla and stamens unknown. Berry globose, 5 lin. in diam. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usaramo, Stuhlmann, 7066. 2. PHYSALIS, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 890. Calyx campanulate, or pyramidal, shortly or to the middle 5-lobed, enlarged in fruit, inflated, membranous, 5-angled or prominently 10- ribbed, often 5-auricled at the base; teeth conniving. Corolla sub- rotate or very widely campanulate, 5-angled or shortly and widely 5-lobed. Stamens 5, inserted near the corolla-base ; filaments filiform ; anthers erect, usually shorter than the filaments; cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary 2-celled ; style filiform ; stigma shortly 2-lcbed ; ovules numerous. Berry globose, enclosed in and much smaller than the inflated calyx. Seeds many or few, smooth or slenderly tubercu- late-rugose, compressed; embryo near the margin, curved; cotyledons semiterete.— Annual or perennial herbs, glabrous or more often clothed with simple or stellate hairs. Leaves entire, sinuate or more rarely pinnatifid. Flowers small, solitary, axillary, pedicellate, violet, yellow or white, often purple at the base. Species about 30, chiefly in the warmer parts of America. Anthers yellow . : : : : : : . 1. P. minina. Anthers blue or violet. Physalis. | XCI. SOLANACEH (WRIGHT). — 247 Annual. Leaves densely villous ; corolla spotted ; 2. P. pubescens. Leaves giabrous ; corolla unspotted —. : . 38. P. angulata, Perennial; leaves densely hairy; corolla spotted . 4. P. peruviana. 1. P. minima, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 183. A much-branched sparingly villous herb, about 1 ft. high. Leaves ovate, or subcordate, acuminate, entire or sinuate-dentate, 14 in. long, ? in. wide; petiole slender, 4 in. long. Flowers solitary ; pedicels slender, inserted by the side of the petioles. Calyx-tube campanulate, # lin. long, enlarging in fruit to } in. in diam., becoming glabrous and angular. Corolla narrowly campanulate, yellow, not spotted, 3 lin. long, 24 lin. in diam., shortly 5-lobed. Filaments 14 lin. long, filiform; anthers oblong, ?} lin. long, yellow. Ovary globose; style 1} lin. long, slightly thickened upwards ; stigma subcapitate; berry globose, + in. in diam., smooth. —Dunal in DC. Prodr, xiii. i. 445; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv. 466 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 238; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 351; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 750; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. nn. 106- P. angulata, R. Br. in Speke, Nile, App. 641, not of Linn. P. equata, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soe. xxix. 119, not of Jacq. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Roger, 132! Sierra Leone, Scott-Eiliot, 4086 ! Lagos, Rowland! Dawodu, 289! Siberia: Grant’s Farm, Sinoe River, Whyte / Gold Coast, Burton § Cameron! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 192! Southern Nigeria: Attah (Idda) on the Niger, Vogel, 66! Old Calabar, Holland, 14! Cameroons: Batanga, Bates, 119! Nile Land. Eritrea, Schweinfurth & Riva, 593! Niamniam, Schweinfurth, 2486 ! 3680! Uganda, Wilson, 150! Whyte! Unyoro, Speke & Grant ! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Lutete, Hens, A, 262! Angola: various localities, Welwitsch, 6026 ! 6055! 6056 ! 6057 ! 6058! 6059! Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi and its Delta, Mazzaro and Shupanga, Kirk! Morambala and Vicente, Scoté! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Namasi, Cameron! Zomba Plains, Whyte ! 2. P. pubescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed.1,183. An annual pubescent much-branched herb. Stem erect or procumbent, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves ovate or cordate, unequal at the base, from nearly entire to coarsely toothed, densely villous, sometimes glabrescent, about 2 in. long. Flowers pendulous; pedicels 3—5 lin. long. Calyx in flower campanulate, in fruit ovoid-acuminate, retuse at the base ; lobes long- acuminate from a triangular base. Corolla dull yellow spotted with purplish-brown at the base, not exceeding } in. in diam. Anthers violet.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 446; Sendtn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 182; A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Amer. ii. i. 234; Dewévre in Comptes- rendus Soc. Bot. Belg. xxxiii. 108. P. barbadensis, Jacq. Mise. i. 359, and Je. t. 39.—Solanum vesicarium virginianum, ete., Moris. Hist. 11. 527, § 13, t. 3, fig. 24. Lower Guinea. Congo, Lemaire. TZozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Nyasaland; Blantyre, Descamps. 248 XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). [ Physalis. 3. P. angulata, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i, 183. A much-branched annual, up to 2 ft. high. Stem angular, green. Leaves ovate, acute or acuminate, coarsely serrate, up to 3 in. long and 2 in. wide, glabrous, sometimes minutely puberulous on the under surface of the nerves ; petiole 1-2 lin.long. Calyx campanulate, in fruit 5-angled and nearly 1 in. in diam.; lobes broad triangular, about as long as the tube. Corolla campanulate, uniformly yellow; lobes 5, acute. Anthers pale blue. Berry at first green, finally becoming yellowish-green.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 448; Sendt. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 130.—Alkekengi indicum glabrum, ete., Dill. Hort. Elth. 15, t. 12. Upper Guinea. Sierre Leone, Vogel, 14! Gold Coast : Cape Coast Castle, Vogel, 51! Yogo:; near Lome, Warnecke, 255! Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 829! Kuka, Vogel, 44! 54! Niger, Baikie, 8! Lower Guinea. Angola: Loanda, Gossweiler, 354! A plaut bearing a striking resemblance to this species but differing in having a spotted corolla, was collected at Attuh (Idda) on the Quorra (Niger), by Vogel, 37. 4. P. peruviana, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1670. Herbaceous or suffruticose from a perennial rootstock, with simple white hairs on the stem, leaves and outside of the calyx. Stem erect, branched, sulcate when dry. Leaves cordate, acuminate, entire or irregularly dentate- sinuate, 3-4 in. long, 24-3 in. wide; petiole upto 24 in. long. Flowers solitary on cernuous peduncles 4 in. long, arising just outside the leaf- axils. Calyx in flower } in. in diam., campanulate with 5 lanceolate acute lobes } in. long, in fruit shortly ovoid, acuminate, 13 in. long, [4 in. in diam. Corolla { in. in diam., rotate-campanulate, slightly 5-lobed, pale yellow with 5 large dark purple spots at the base of the lobes. Stamens inserted near the corolla-base ; filaments filiform, 2 lin. long; anthers oblong, obtuse, 1} lin. long. Ovary globose; style cylindrical, + in. long; stigma subcapitate. Berry globose, $ in. in diam., glabrous.—Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 440; Benth. Fl. Austr. iv. 466; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 238; C. H. Wright in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 106. P. tomentosa, Medic. Act. Acad. Theod. Palat: iv. Phys. (1780) 184, t. 4, not of Thunb. nor Walt. P. incana, Hort. Par. ex Dunal, l.c. P. edulis, Sims, Bot. Mag. t. 1068. P. pubescens, Drege, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 88, not of Linn. Nile Land. Uganda: Kikuyu and on the road to Eldama Ravine, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte / British East Africa: near Nairobi, Whyte! Mombasa, Wakefield ! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Stanley Pool, Hens, B, 97! Angola: Malange, Gossweiler, 1104! IWozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland, Blantyre, Scol¢ ! Throughout the tropics, probably a native of South America. Naturalised im South Africa. 3. WITHANTA, Paug.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen, PI. 11. 893. Calyx campanulate, 5-6-toothed, enlarged and inflated in fruit. Corolla narrowly campanulate, 3-6-fid; lobes valvate. Stamens in- Withania. | XCI. SOLANACEEX (WRIGHT). 249 serted near the corolla-base; filaments slightly flattened; anthers erect ; cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Disk annular, crenulate or none. Ovary 2-celled; style filiform; stigma shortly and widely 2-lamellate or subglobose ; ovules many. Berry globose, shorter than the enlarged calyx. Seeds compressed ; embryo near the margin, and incurved or spiral; cotyledons semiterete.—Hoary shrubs, loosely tomentose, woolly or glabrescent. Leaves entire or slightly sinuate. Flowers usually fascicled, subsessile or shortly pedicellate, medium- sized. Species about 5, extending from Southern Europe and Western Asia through North Africa, the Canary Islands, and South Africa. Pedicels 3-2 lin. long C : . : : . Ll. W. somnifera. Pedicels 4—7 lin. long Calyx-lobes obtuse . : : W, Holstii. Calyx-lobes filiform, aristate . : : : . 3. W. aristata, bo WV aaa; Dunal in DC. Prod. xiii. i. 458. An erect much-branched shrub, 3-4 ft. high. Stem terete, tomentose. Leaves ovate, obovate or anaes obtuse, tapering towards the base, entire or very slightly sinuate, variable in size, averaging 24 by 1] in., more or less tomentose on both surfaces; petiole 4 in. “long, touientose, chan- nelled above, Flowers 4—6 in axillary fascicles ; pedicels 2 lin. long in flower, elongating afterwards. Calyx 1 lin. in diam., campanulate, densely tomentose outside; lobes 5, lanceolate. Corolla 24 lin. long, divided nearly to the middle into 5 triangular lobes. Filame Ses inserted near the corolla-base, 1$ lin. long, filiform ; anthers oval, } lin. long. Ovary ovoid, glabrous ; F style shor aye than the stamens. Berry globose, glabrous, Lin. in diam., enclosed in the much inflated calyx. Seeds compressed.—Boiss. Fl. "Orient. iv. 287; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. iv. 239; Vatke in Linnea, xlili. 333; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C 351, and Glied. Fl. Usamb. 39; C. H. Wright in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. i. 107. W.? arborescens, Dunal, lc. 455. Physalis somnifera, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 182; Sibth. Fl. Greca, t. 233; var. communis, Nees in Linnea, vi. 495; var. flewwosa, Nees, 1.c. "ABA: Wight, Ie. t. 853. P. tomentosa. Thunb. Predr. 37, and Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 191. P. arborescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 261. Hypnoticum somniferum, Rodrig. ex Dunal, l.c. 453. Physaloides somnifera, Moench, Meth. 473; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 752. Upper Guinea. Liberia: Cape Palmas, Vogel, 35! Norihern Nigeria: Kuki on Lake Chad, Vogel, 58! Nile Land. Nubia: Singat, Schweinfurth, 218! Merowa, Broomfield, 21! Fashoda, Muriel, 97! Bahr el Jebel, Broun, 35! Darfur, Purdy, 125! Kordofan, Pfund, 106! Kotschy, 374! Eritrea, Schweinfurth, 1065! Abyssinia, Roth, 453 (86) ! Quartin- -Dillon & Petit, 234! Somalilsnd: Zafarug, James & siecirape | Uganda: various localit'es, Speke & Grant, 664! Whyte! Scott-Elhot, 7277 ! Dawe, 316! Brown, 271! British East Africa; Ukamba, Scott-Elliot, 6315! Kibwezi River, Kéissner, 688 ! Shimoni, Whyte ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; near Lopolla, Welwitsch, 6025! Benguella ; near the mouth of the River Cavaco, Welwitsch, 6027! Mossamedes, by the River 250 XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). [ Withania. Bero, Welwitsch, 6027 b.! German South-west Africa; Amboland; Kunkiyeo, Schinz, 404:! Wozamb. Distr. German East Africa: Usambara; Masheua, Holst, 3564 ; Uhehe; Ruaha River, Goetze, 473! British Central Africa: North Nyasaland, Whyte! Matabeleland: Tati River drift, Holub / Also in the drier subtropical parts of India, Arabia, Persia, and in the Mediter- ranean region, the Canaries, and South Africa. 2. W. Holstii, Dammer in Engl. Pil. Ost-Afr. C. 351, Stem erect, flexuose, tomentose. Leaves lanceolate or oval, acute or acuminate, 6 in. long, 2? in. wide, at first pubescent above, at length glabrous, white tomentose beneath ; petiole 7—9 lin. long, tomentose. Pedicels 4-7 lin. long, clustered. Calyx cupular, sub-5-lobed, puberulous ; lobes obtuse. Corolla three times as large as the calyx, 4 in. long, campanu- late, 5-lobed, tomentose outside above the calyx; lobes lanceolate. Stamens short; filaments very short; anthers cordate-ovoid, 1 lin. long. Ovary globose ; style cylindrical, 1$ lin. long; stigma sub- globose. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa; Usambara; Magamba, Holst, 3843. 3. W. aristata, Paug. Diss. Bellad. 15. A shrub; branches slightly angled, when young hirsute with yellow hairs. Leaves solitary or geminate, ovate-oblong, acuminate, nearly glabrous, green and somewhat shining above, green and pubescent or white and tomentose beneath, the lower (including the petiole) nearly 1 ft. long by 4 in. wide, the upper 2—5 in. long by #-14 in. wide; primary nerves 5—9 each side. Pedicels 1 to several in subaxillary fascicles, filiform, } in. long. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-angled, } in. long, + in. wide, accrescent, sub- puberulous ; lobes filiform, aristate, 4-4 in. long. Corolla campanulate, yellow, 6-7 lin. long, deeply lobed; lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, stellately hairy outside. Filaments short, dilated at the base; anthers ovate-oblong, longer than the filaments, yellow. Ovary ovoid, glabrous ; style filiform. Berry globose, subsulcate. Seeds subreniform, scrobicu- late.—Webb & Berthel. Phyt. Canar. iii. iii. 284, t. 175; Dunal in DC, Prodr. xiii. i. 456, 686; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. A. 118, and Glied. Veg. Usambara, 69. Physalis aristata, Ait. Hort. Kew. ed. 1, 1. 244. Atropa aristata, Poir. Eneyci. Suppl. i. 609; G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 456. Wozamb, Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, in woods above 5500 ft., ex Engler. Also in the Canary Islands. 4. CAPSICUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 892. Calyx shortly campanulate, truncate or with 5 teeth or sete, accrescent. Corolla subrotate, 5-partite; lobes valvate. Stamens 9, inserted near the corolla-base ; filaments filiform ; anthers shorter than or about as long as the filaments, dehiscing longitudinally. Disk small. Ovary 2- (rarely 3-) celled; style filiform ; stigma more or less clavate ; ovules many. Berry from small and globose to large and conical or almost linear. Seeds compressed, rugose or nearly smooth; embryo Capsicum. | XCI, SOLANACEA (WRIGHT) 251 much curved, near the circumference ; cotyledons semiterete.—Annual or perennial much-branched herbs, rarely shrubby at the base. Leaves entire or repand. Pedicels solitary or 2-3-nate. Fruit erect or nodding. Species about 50, chiefly natives of Tropical America ; many cultivated through- out the tropics. Calyx truncate. Branchlets nearly glabrous. : ; é . lL. C. frutescens. Branchlets hirsute . ; ; : 9 : . 2. CO. abyssinicum. Calyx dentate. Berry oblong-linear : : é : : . 3. CL. annuum. Berry more or less ovoid. Peduncles geminate, erect . ; A 2 . A. C. baccatum. Peduncies solitary, nodding . Or C. cordiforme. 1. C. frutescens, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1,189. A shrub, 2-3 ft. high; branches flexuous ; branchlets slightly angled, nearly glabrous. Leaves solitary or geminate, ovate, acuminate, Aubenuate aie the petiole, glabrous or slightly ciliate on the margin, very variable in size. Flowers solitary or in pairs; peduncles 3—} in. long, thickened upwards, erect in fruit. Calyx cup-shaped, truncate, 10-nerved, sometimes minutely d-toothed. Corolla white or pale yellow; lobes lanceolate, acute, patent. Ovary ovoid, glabrous. Berry ovoid-oblong, obtuse, shining red. — Fingerhuth, Monogr. Capsic. 17, t. 4, fig. ¢; Dunal in DC. Prodr. xill. 1.413; Sendtn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 142; C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. Fl. Brit. irl iv. 239; Cummins in Kew Bulletin, 1898, 77; Irish in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1898, 97 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 751. CC. conicwm, Meyer in Kotschy, Iter. Nub. n. 292; Zarb in Cat. Spec. Bot. Pfund, 31. C. conoides, Roem. & Schult. Syst. iv. 562; Fingerhuth, l.c.14. ©. fastigiatum, Blume, Bijdr. 705; Benth. & Trim. Medic. Pl. t. 188.—Cupo-molago, Rheede, Hort. Malab. ii. 109, t. 56. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Roger! Sierra Leone, Fogel, 30! Ashanti: Assin yun Kumassi, Cummins, 152! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 356! Wile Land. Kordofan, Kotschy, 292! Pfund, 233! 246! 288! Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambriz, Welwitsch, 6066 ! Cultivated throughout the tropics; native country uncertain. Guinea, Bird or African pepper. 2. ©. abyssinicum, 4. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 96. An erect shrub; branches geniculate, hirsute. Leaves ovate, acuminate, obtuse and slightly unequal (rarely subacute) at the base, entire, hirsute especially on the under side of the nerves, petioled. Peduncle 1- flowered, hirsute. Calyx truncate, obsoletely 5-toothed. Corolla explanate ; lobes 5, oval-oblong. Fruit 2 in. ‘one oblong, slightly curved at the apex, smooth, shining. —Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 87. Wile Land. Abyssinia: without precise locality, Quartin Dillon & Petit. 3. C. annuum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 188. Herbaceous, rarely suffrutescent, 2-5 ft. high; branches many, erect, angular, glabrous. 252 XCI. SOLANACEZ (WRIGHT). [ Capsicum. Leaves ovate-acuminate to oblong, 2-3 in. long, 3~2 in. wide, pubescent on the under surface of the midrib ; petiole about 4 in. long. Flowers solitary or in pairs; peduncle slightly enlarged upwards. Calyx cup- shaped, usually embracing the base of the fruit, obscurely toothed. Corolla about 3 in. in diam., greenish-white; lobes 5-6, ovate, acuminate, often inflexed at the apex. Ovary ovoid attenuate, smooth. Berry oblong-linear, acute, usually less than 14 in. long, on peduncles of about equal Jength.—Fingerhuth, Monogr. Caps. 12, t. 2; Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i.412; Hook. Niger Fl. 472; Bentl. & Trim, Med. Pl. t. 189; J. Braun in Mitth. Deutsch. Schutzgeb. ii, (1889) 173; var. conoides, Irish in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1898, 65. ©. conoides, Mill. Gard, Dict. ed. 8, no. 8; Dunal, l.c. 414; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 351. C. conicum, var. orientale, Oliver in Trans. Linn, Soc. xxix. 118.—Vallia- capo-molago, Rheede, Hort. Malab. ix. 65, t. 35. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone, Vogel. Togo, Braun. Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 522! Nile Land. ‘“oudan: Khartoum, Petherick! Abyssinia, Schimper, 2250! Uganda : Unyoro, Speke & Grant! near Lake Hafuru, 3000 ft., Dawe, 472! South Central. Congo Free State: Monbuttu; Munza, Schweinfurth, 3360 ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Awmboni, Holst, 2707! Rhodesia: Shesheke on the Zambesi, Kirk ! Var. ovoideum, Fingerhuth, le. 14, t. 2, fig. e. Fruit oblong-ovoid, obtuse, 1} in. long. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: near Freetown, Johnston, 51! Widely dispersed in the tropics ; probably originally from South America. 4. C. baccatum, Linn. Mant. 47. A shrub 1-2 ft. high, erect; branches divaricate, obscurely angled. Leaves ovate or oblong, acuminate, glabrous or nearly so, up to 34 in. long and 1# in. wide, rounded and sometimes narrowly cuneate at the base; petiole about lin. long. Flowers geminate, rarely solitary ; peduncles erect, about 1 in. long, thickened upwards. Calyx shortly cup-shaped, glabrous ; teeth 5, spreading, subulate, obtuse. Corolla dirty white, 4 in. in diam.; lobes ovate-oblong, acuminate. Ovary smooth; style slender, thickened near the apex. Berry globose-ovoid, scarlet, smooth, sur- rounded at the base by the enlarged calyx.—Fingerhuth, Monogr. Capsic. 18, t. 4, fig. a; Sendt. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 146; Dunal in DC. Prodr xiii. i. 420; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 751. C. frutescens var. baccatum, Irish in Rep. Missouri Bot. Gard. 1898, 99.—Capsicum minimis siliquis, Dodon, Stirp. Hist, Pempt. iv. cap. xxvi. 717. Nile Land. Uganda: Entebbe, Dawe, 113! Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambriz; cultivated near Mubango and Quibanza, Welwitsch, 6068! Golungo Alto; forests of nearly all the Sobatos, and of Mata de Quibanga, Welwitsch, 6064! 6071! 5. ©. cordiforme, Mill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8, n. 2. Stem herbaceous, 1-3 ft. high, 5-angled. Leaves solitary or geminate, ovate or oblong, acuminate, tapering into the petiole, glabrous. Peduncles solitary, Capsicum. | XCI. SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). 253 nodding. thickened upwards. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-6-angled; teeth 9-6, short, obtuse, thickened at the apex. Corolla yellowish or dirty white, usually 6-fid; lobes ovate, subacuminate, inflexed at the apex. Ovary ovoid, rounded at the apex, glabrous; style thickened upwards; stigma obtuse. Berry ovoid-rotundate, cordate and surrounded at the base by the enlarged calyx, shining scarlet or yellow, 3- (rarely 2-) celled. Fingerhuth, Monogr. Capsic. 29, t. 9, figs. e-e; Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 427 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.i.751. C. annuum, var. cordi- forme, Sendtn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 148. (C. sp., Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, 233. Lower Guinea. Angola: Ambriz, Welwitsch, 6065! Mubango, Welwitsch, 6067! at Quilombo between Camama and Calumbo, Welwitsch, 6047! Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 6097 ! 5, DISCOPODIUM, Hochst.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 893. Calyx shortly and broadly campanulate, scarcely accrescent, 5- toothed. Corolla urceolate ; tube ovoid ; lobes 5, short, patent, indupli- cate-valvate in bud. Stamens inserted above the middle of the corolla- tube ; filaments short, filiform ; anthers dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary 2-celled; styleshort; stigma peltate; ovules numerous. Berry globose Seeds much compressed, immersed in pulp; embryo near the circum- ference, much curved ; cotyledons semiterete.—A shrub or small tree. Leaves entire. Flowers rather small in axillary fascicles. Monotypic, endemic. 1. D. penninervium, Hochst. in Flora, 1344, 22. A shrub or small tree, 15-20 ft. high. Leaves alternate or geminate, oblong- elliptic, acuminate, acute at the base, glabrous or slightly puberulous, up to 8 in. long and 4 in. wide; petiole about 1 in. long. Fascicles many-flowered ; peduncles about 5 lin. long. Calyx 14 lin. in diam. ; teeth broadly triangular. Corolla puberulous outside, 4+ in. long, white or yellowish ; lobes nearly $ as long as the tube, oblong, sub- obtuse. Filaments 1 lin. long; anthers oblong, 1 lin. long. Ovary conical; style terete, hairy; stigma # lin. in diam.—Dunal in DC. Prodr, xiii. i. 478. Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Mann, 300! Cameroons; Cameroon Mountain, 7000 ft., Mann, 1236! 2178! Nile Land, Abyssinia: Ghaba Valley, Stewdner, 914! near Bahara, Schimper, 917! and without exact locality, Quartin-Dillon § Petit, 224! Uganda: West Ankole forest, 5000 ft., Dawe, 409 ! Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Masuka Plateau, 6500-7000 ft., Whyte ! 6. LYCIUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 900. Calyx campanulate or tubular, truncate or irregularly 3—5-toothed, not or but slightly enlarged in fruit. Corolla tubular, funnel-shaped, . campanulate or urceolate; tube short or long, often swollen at the throat ; lobes 4—5, flat, imbricate, patent. Stamens 4-5, inserted in the corolla-tube, included or exserted ; filaments filiform, often dilated 254 XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). | Lyciwm. and hairy at the base; anthers short, cells parallel, dehiscing longi- tudinally. Disk annular or cupular. Ovary 2-celled ; ovules many. Berry globose, ovoid or conical, rather fleshy; pericarp thin or fleshy. Seeds many, rarely few or solitary, compressed; testa crustaceous, pitted; embryo much curved, near the circumference; cotyledons semiterete.—Trees or shrubs, ultimate branchlets often spiny, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves entire, linear to lanceolate, subterete or flat, often in fascicles on rudimentary branchlets. Flowers usually solitary. Species about 50, in temperate and warm regions throughout the world; very common in extra-tropical South America. Flowers 5-merous. Filaments glabrous . 6 c : . : - Ll. LZ. persicum, Filaments hairy at the base. 5 5 é . 2. L. decumbens. Flowers 4-merous : c 6 é : : . 3. L. arenicolum. 1. L. persicum, Miers in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, xiv. (1854) 12. Branches slender, glabrous or ashy pubescent, spines straight. Leaves spathulate-obovate or oblong, glabrous or puberulous, 41_3 in. long, }—2 lin. wide; petiole up to 2 lin. long. Flowers solitary ; peduncle up tot in.long. Calyx shortly tubular, 2 lin. long, including the } lin: long triangular lobes, ciliate. Corolla blue-purple ; tube 2 in. long, cylindrical in the lower quarter, then gradually widening upwards ; lobes 5, oval, obtuse, ciliate, 1 lin. long. Stamens 5, unequal, inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube, included; filaments glabrous ; anthers 4} lin. long, shortly apiculate. Ovary globose.— Boselli in Ann, Istit. Bot. Roma, vill. 237; var. sevwm, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 333. L. mediterraneum, vars. cinereum, cinnamomeum and lewcocladum, Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i, 524-525; Schweinf. in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, xv. (1865) 551. ZL, arabicum, Schweinf. ex Boiss. Fl. Orient. iv. 289. JL. europeum, Th. Anders. Florula Aden. 26, not of Linn. L. erythreum, Schweinf. ex Vatke. Nile Land. Nubia: Wadi Uarag, Schweinfurth, 37! Wadi Rischrasch, Schweinfurth, 13! Wadi Abu Hamad, Schweinfurth, 229! coast region, Bent! Lord! Makaur (Macowa) Island, Schweinfurth, 1899! Eritrea: Erkowit Mountain, Schweinfurth, 251! Isola Sarad, Terracciano, 288; Dasycl-Nocra, Terracciano, 280. Somaliland: Harradigit, James Thrupp! Uganda: Kedong Valley, 6000-7000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 6610! British East Africa: Tula River, Kirk / Also in Egypt and Arabia. 2. La. decumbens, Welw. ea Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 752. A glabrescent shrub, 1-1} ft. high. Stems rather thick, prostrate, nodose, intricately branched, spiny ; branches rigid, mostly divaricate ; spines whitish, very rigid, acute, patent, 4—} in. long. Leaves alternate, and fascicled, oblanceolate, rounded at the apex, wedge-shaped at the sessile or subsessile base, fleshy, glandular-squamulose at least beneath, glaucescent, 4-2 in. long, about 1 lin. broad, flat, entire. Flowers axillary, solitary, 5 lin. long; peduncle nearly 4 in. long. Calyx campanulate, 24 lin. long, pale green, shortly trifid, glandular- squamulose outside; lobes more or less broadly ovate, obtuse, shortly Lycium. | XCI. SOLANACEE (WRIGHT). 255 ciliolate, # lin. long. Corolla funnel-shaped, from yellowish to violet, veined, glabrous outside, glandular-bearded in the throat, deeply cleft down one side; lobes 5, rounded, about } in. long. Stamens 5, rather shorter than the corolla, unequal; filaments hairy towards the base. Style slightly longer than the stamens, shortly cleft at the apex. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; on elevated maritime rocks covered with blown sand, near Cabo Negro, Welwitsch, 6024! 3. L. arenicolum, Miers in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. xiv. (1854) 14. A much-branched shrub, 9 ft. high; branches glaucous, purplish, with decurrent ridges from the cupular nodes. Leaves sessile in fascicles of 5-10, linear, 5-7 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, acute, rather fleshy. Flowers solitary on very short peduncles, 4-merous. Calyx 1 lin. long, shortly and unequally 4-toothed; teeth ciliate. Corolla about 2% liv. long, tubular ; lobes 4, oblong, ciliate, $ lin. long. Stamens unequal, inserted a little above the corolla-base, 1 slightly exserted, 2 reaching the throat, the 4th included; filaments hirsute at the base. Ovary ovoid, adnate to the red fleshy disk; style exserted ; stigma capitate.— Ill. S. Amer. Pl. ii. t. 65, fig. EH; C. H. Wright in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii. 115, IMozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Ngamiland ; near Kwebe, Lugard, 79 ! Also in South Africa. 7. CESTRUM, Linn. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 904. Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, valvate. Corolla salver-shaped ; tube elongate, cylindrical or slightly dilated above, contracted at the base around the ovary ; lobes 5, induplicate-valvate. Stamens included, fixed near the middle of the corolla-tube; filaments filiform, pilose, incras- sate or witha small tooth near the base; anthers short, cells parallel. Disk inconspicuous or rather thick. Ovary usually slightly stalked, 2-celled ; style filiform; stigma dilated; ovules 5-6 in each cell, micro- pyle inferior. SBerry slightly fleshy, indehiscent, globose, ovoid or oblong. Seeds few or by abortion solitary, oblong, nearly smooth ; embryo straight or slightly curved; cotyledons either ovate or oblong and much broader than the radicle, or semiterete and scarcely wider than it.—Shrubs or trees, glabrous to stellately tomentose. Leaves alternate, quite entire. Inflorescence axillary, cymose or fascicled ; upper cymes usually corymbose or panicled at the apices of the branches, or nearly all lateral at leafless nodes. Species about 160, Tropical American. 1. ©. vespertinum, Zinn. Mant. Ali. 206. A much-branched glabrous shrub, 12-15 ft. high. Leaves oblong, acute, submembranous, 4 in. long, 1} in. wide. Flowers in axillary subspicate shortly peduncled clusters. Calyx campanulate, truncately 5-lobed. Corolla greenish- yellow ; tube filiform, }-2 in. long; lobes narrow, + in. long. Berry ovoid.—Jacq. Hort. Scheenbr. ii. 43, t. 328; Dunal in DC. Prodr. . xili.1. 661. C. gamaicense, Lam. Encycl. i. 687. Lower Guinea. Princes Island: Barter, 1975! St. Thomas Island, Jann, 1080! Probably introduced from the West Indies, where it is common. 256 XCI. SOLANACE& (WRIGHT). | Datura. 8. DATURA, Linn.; Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 901. Calyx long, tubular, 5-fid or spathaceous, often persistent at the base. Corolla funnel-shaped; limb plicate; lobes 5-10, short, broad, often acuminate. Stamens 5, inserted near the base of the corolia- tube, included ; anthers linear, dehiscing longitudinally, sometimes cohering into a tube. Ovary 2-celled, or more or less spuriously 4-celled; style filiform, dilated and 2-lamellate at the apex. Capsule smooth or spiny, dehiscing by 4 valves or irregularly.—Herbs, shrubs or trees, glabrous or sparingly hairy. Leaves alternate, entire or coarsely toothed. Flowers solitary, large, white, pinkish or yellow, erect or cernuous. Species about 12, widely dispersed through the temperate and warmer regions of both hemispheres. Capsule cernuous, spiny, dehiscing irregularly. Plant pubescent. Corolla 10-toothed 3 . 1. D, Metel. Plant glabrous or nearly so. Corolla 5-6-toothed . 2. D. fastuosa. Capsule erect, 4-valved. Capsule smooth : ; : ; . 3. D. inermis. Capsule spiny : : ‘ : : ; . 4, D. Stramonium. 1. D. Metel, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 179. Stem erect, 3-4 ft. high, herbaceous, terete, subdichotomous, densely pubescent. Leaves solitary or the upper geminate, ovate, entire or repand-dentate, up to 8 in. long and 4 in. broad, densely pubescent on both surfaces, generally glandular. Flowers axillary, shortly pedicellate, at first erect, finally cernuous. Calyx tubular, 3 in. long, slightly pubescent; teeth 5, unequal, triangular-oblong. Corolla white, nearly twice as long as the calyx; limb 10-toothed. Filaments glabrous; anthers erect, white. Ovary muricate. Capsule globose, pendulous, spiny, dehiscing irregularly.— Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. 1. 543; Bot. Mag. t. 1440; Sendt. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 162; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 276. D. guayaquilensis, H.B. & K. Nov. Gen. et Sp. ii. 8; Sweet, Brit. Fl. Gard. ser. 2, t. 380. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Boivin! Sierra Leone: Regent, Scott-Hiliot, 4107! French Guinea: Farana, by the River Niger, Scott-Elliot, 5387 ! Nile Land. Soudan: Khartoum, Petherick! Kordofan, Pfund, 285! Darfur, Pfund, 46! British East Africa: Nairobi, Hlliot, 82 ! Cosmopolitan in the tropics; probably originally from South Tropical America. 2. D. fastuosa, Linn. Syst. ed. 10, 932. Annual. Stem erect, 4—5 ft. high, branched, dark purple with scattered white spots. Leaves up to 8 in. long and 2 in. broad, the upper sometimes geminate, ovate- lanceolate, acuminate, sinuate or repand-dentate, unequal at the base, glabrous on both surfaces. Flowers erect. Calyx tubular, 2 in. long; teeth 5, triangular-lanceolate, acuminate. Corolla white inside, violet outside, 5—6-plicate, folds long-cuspidate. Anthers linear, purplish. Capsule spiny, pendulous, dehiscing irregularly.— Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii.i.542; Wight, Tc. t. 1396; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 276; Sendtn. in Mart. Fl. Bras. x. 162; OC. B. Clarkein Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 242 ;Peters,Reise Mos- Datura. | XCI. SOLANACEA (WRIGHT). 257 samb. Bot. 231; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 356; Kirtikar in Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. xiv. 20, t. U.—D. “gyptia, Ves]. Pl. Aeypt. 202. Nile Land. Eritrea: near Acrur, 6000 ft., Schweinfurth § Riva, 1235! Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: throughout the Mozambique district, ex Peters, Cosmopolitan in the tropics. Var. alba, C. B. Clarke in Hook. f, Fl. Brit. Ind, iv. 248. A larger plant than the type; corolla quite white; capsule with shorter spines.— Hiern in Cat. Afr, Pl. Welw. i. 7538. D. alba, Nees in Trans. Linn. Soc. xvii. 73; Dunal in DC. Prodr. xiii. i. 541; Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 384; Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 356. D. fastuosa, Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr. 551, not of Linn, Upper Guinea. Gold Coast: near Accra, Moloney ! Nile Land. Uganda, Scott-Elliot, 7288! British East Africa: near Mazeras, 300 ft. Kaessner, 280! Witu, Thomas, 154! Lower Guinea. Banana, at the mouth of the Congo, Monteiro! Angola: Golungo Alto, Welwitsch, 6061! Loando; Imbondeiro dos Lobos, Welwitsch, 6042 ! shore of Cazanga Island, Welwitsch, 6043! Benguela; sea shore near Benguela, Velwitsch, 6028! Mossamedes; banks of the River Bero, Welwitsch, 6029! Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Kirk, 64! Hildebrandt, 1196! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shire Highlands, Kirk! Buchanun! Mount Chiradzulu and near Magomero, Meller ! 3. D. inermis, Jacq. Hort. Vind. iii. 44, ¢t. 82. Annual. Stem erect, 4 ft. high, branched, fistular, terete, glabrous. Leaves ovate, acute, incised-lobed; lobes acute; petiole long. Flowers shortly pedicelled. Calyx pentagonal, glabrous ; teeth 5. Corolla white, twice as long as the calyx; lobes 5, rounded, acutely cuspidate. Capsule smooth, erect, 4-valved.—D. levis, Linn. f. Supp]. 146; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 276. Wile Land. Abyssinia, ex Linneus ; cultivated specimens ! 4. D. Stramonium, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 179. in. long ; tube shorter or scarcely longer than the calyx. Parasitic; stems rather stout; leaves usually broad and toothed or sometimes reduced to scales; tlowers often crowded . . 38. ALECTRA. Not parasitic ; stems very slender, with almost filiform branches; leaves narrowly linear, entire; flowers not crowded . : . 53. MICRARGERIA. ** Anthers 1-celled or with 1 fertile cell and 1 variously modified sterile or nearly sterile cell or appendage. + Anthers all 1-celled. Corolla-tube cylindric, straight or sometimes slightly curved. Capsule oblong or ellipsoid, straight; calyx tubular. Corolla often small; lobes equal or nearly equal; capsule dry, dehiscent. . 40. BUCHNERA, 266 Corolla often large; upper lobes united, smaller than the lower; capsule fleshy, indehiscent : Capsule nearly always obliquely ovoid and long-beaked ; calyx campanulate or some- ‘fimes tubular-campanulate 5 z Corolla-tube rather sharply curved at or above the middle, often dilated at the curve. Stems erect; placentas much thickened; seeds very small and numerous Stems prostrate ; placentas scarcely thickened ; ; seeds machi larger and fewer . : +} Anthers (at least two of them) with 1 fertile cell ane 1 variously modified sterile or nearly sterile cell or appendage. Stamens 2, the lower pair reduced to staminodes Stamens 4, Stems climbing. Leaves pinnatisect or pinuatifid ; anthers of the lower stamens 1-celled, without a modified second cell . ; 2 - Leaves coarsely few-toothed ; all the anthers with 1 large fertile cell and a smaller sterile one. . ° Stems not climbing. Not parasitic ; more or less leafy. Corolla-tube much longer than the calyx, ventricose above ; 2 of the 4 anthers 1-celled, without a modified second cell, Corolla nearly equally 5-lobed ; anthers of the upper stamens with 1 fertile cell and a long spur-like sterile cell; anthers of the lower stamens with 1 fertile cell; dehiscence longitudinal Corolla 2. lipped; anthers oi the upper stamens with 1 fertile cell, of the lower with a distinctly branched connective bearing at one end a fertile cell and at tke other a dise-like appendage; dehiscence by an apical pore ; Corolla-tube not longer than the calyx, shortly funnel-shaped ; all 4 anthers with 1 fertile cell and a narrow sterile cell. Anthers coherent to Parasitic; leaves reduced scales usually Trine X. Buphrasieve.— Leaves opposite. equally 5-lobed, not saccate nor spurred at the base ; galeate, inside in bud, . 45. . 4d, . 41. . 42. 43. AZ. . 48. 5 Ah OO! 5 fille Anthers free. : : ; . 52. . 46. XCIH. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). CYCNIUM. RHAMPHICARPA.. STRIGA. CYCNIOPSIS. STRIGINA. BUTTONIA. THUNBERGIANTHUS. GHIK A. PSEUDOSOPUBIA,. SopuBtiA. BavuMIA. HARVEYA. Corolla 2-lipped or rarely nearly, upper lip erect, concave or Stamens 4, didynamous, rar ely 2, ascending against the ‘tensa XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), 267 upper lip of the corolla. Anthers 2-celled, rarely with 1 cell smaller than the other or quite absent. Capsule loculicidal. Only Tropical African genus > : : . 54, BARTSTA. 1. APTOSIMUM, Burch.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 927. Calyx usually deeply 5-cleft; lobes narrow, subvalvate. © Corolla- tube narrow at the base, then suddenly expanded into a long throat ; limb spreading, oblique, 5-lobed; lobes flat, nearly equal, rounded, the two upper outside in estivation. Stamens 4, didynamous, attached near the base of the corolla, included; filaments filiform; anthers transverse, hispid or ciliate, 1-celled by confluence, those of the two smaller posticous ones often empty. Style filiform; stigma small, emarginate. Capsule short, compressed at the top contrary to the septum, obtuse or emarginate, septicidally 2-valved; valves 2-cleft, adhering to the placentiferous column at the base. Seeds numerous, small, obovoid or depressed-spherical; testa reticulated ; funicle some- times dilated ; embryo straight or slightly curved, cotyledons ovate.— Dwarf dense often glandular-hairy spinescent under shrubs or rigid herbs. Leaves alternate, crowded, often narrow, l-nerved. Flowers sessile or very shortly stalked, axillary, 2-bracteolate. Corolla usually veined.—Chilostigma, Hochst. in Flora, 1841, i. 372. A genus confined to Africa, In addition to the following there are 9 species in South Africa. * Leaves linear to lanceolate, often 3 or 4 in. long; midrib persistent and often spinescent (scarcely spinescent in 4. pumilum). Plant dwarf, cespitose, usually with very short branches. Calyx cleft very nearly to the base. Corolla scarcely $ in. long . : : . 1. A. pumilum. Corolla 2-1 in. long. Bracts shorter or not longer than the calyx; corolla about 1 in. long . . 2. A. Nelsir. Bracts longer than the calyx ; corolla about 2 in. long . : : : : . 38. A, lineare. Calyx not cleft below the middle. Leaves up to 25 in, long, densely and shortly glandular-pubescent : Leaves up to 1 in. long, very scabrid , Plant with decumbent or erect branches up to 1 ft. . A. glandulosum. . A. scaberrimum, on long. Leaves thick and fleshy, lanceolate, 8-12 lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad . : . 6. A. Gossweiler. Leaves thin, linear, linear-lanceolate or linear- oblanceolate, 1-23 in. long, 14-23 lin. broad. Calyx-segments broadest above the middle Calyx-segments broadest at the base. Flowers solitary ; leaves up to 2 in. long. Leaves 1-13 in. long; calyx 2-38 lin. long; corolla up to 9 lin. long . 8.4. Welwitschii- J . A. arenariuin. 268 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [A ptosimum. Leaves 13-2 in. long; calyx 13-2 lin. long; corolla up to 12 lin. long . 9. A. angustifolium. Flowers Revevall together; leaves about 22 in. long t : . 10. A. Schinzit. ** Leaves lanceolate, oblanceolate, obovate | or oblong, usually less than 1 in. long; midrib not persistent. Branches with a thick corky layer; leaves and calyx glabrous. a : . 11. A. suberosum. Branches without a thick corky layer ; ‘leaves and calyx more or less hairy. Hairs mostly not glandular; leaves +~2 in. long. Branches slender; leaves distinctly petiolate . 14. A. elongatum. Branches 2—23 lin. thick at the base: leaves sessile . . 15. A. pubescens. Hairs mostly glandular ; eae es ‘1-2 2 in. Tones Plant not densely hairy; hairs often. very short and stiff ; leaves broadest at or above the middle . ¢ . 12. A. decumbens. Plant densely hairy; hairs ‘often long and very slender; leaves broadest below the middle, 3 A : : : . 13. A. molle. 1. A. pumilum, Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 345. OT 1. L. Barteri, Skan. A gland-dotted herb, everywhere densely pilose or glabrescent below. Stems ascending, 9—18 in. high, sparingly branched. Leaves opposite (rarely in whorls of about 10 near the base, pinnatifid), 4-8 lin. long, 2-44 lin. broad, elliptic-ovate, serrulate, semiamplexicaul, obtuse or subacute. Flowers sessile or subsessile, axillary, sometimes forming terminal or short lateral distant-flowered spikes ; bracteoles 2, inserted on the base of the calyx, 14 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, scarcely acute, pilose. Calyx 14-14 lin. long, pilose and sprinkled with yellowish glands ; geomonts unequal, subacuminate or subacute. Corolla apparently yellow, 14-13 lin. long; tube 2 lin. broad. Anther-cells subcontiguous at the heal Style 1 lin. long. Capsule 14 lin. long, broadly ovoid, obtuse, glabrous, bisulcate. Seeds globose-ellipsoid, very minutely tuberculate. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone; Lomaburu, Scol/-lliot, 5032! Southern: Nigeria ?, Barter, 751 ! 2. L. tenera, Shan. A nearly glabrous erect cespitose apparently annual herb 1-2 in. high; stems numerous; branches spreading. Leaves opposite, 1-4 lin. long, lanceolate or sublinear, scarcely acute or subapiculat?, entire, sessile, semiamplexicaul. Flowers axillary and terminal or quasi-terminal, mostly alternate, solitary, about 2 lin. long ; pedicels 14-5 lin, long; bracteoles 1—-1+ lin. long, subulate. Calyx 14— 14 lin. long, 5- _partite ; segments subulate, erect or at length reflexed. Corolla whitish to pale blue, slightly glandular- puberulous outside, somewhat pilose about the throat inside. Capsule 2 lin. long. Seeds netted-areolar, irregularly ovoid.—Stemodiacra tenera, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.1. 759. Stemodia tenera, K. Schum. in Just, Jahresber. XXV1. 1. 395. Ambulia tenera, Engl. & Gilg in Warb. Kunene-Samb. Exped. 362, in note. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; swampy places at Lake Qui- binda, Welwitsch, 1241 ! 3. L. ceratophylloides, Skan. A herb with the habit of a Ceratophyllum, wholly submerged or the upper part emerged at the time of flowering; stems about a foot long, slleatelo, glabrous, branched, densely leafy above, leafless below, Leaves 3 —l in. Tong, verticillate, all 318 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Limaophila. multifid ; segments capillary, sparingly pilose. Flowers axillary, sub- sessile; bracteoles capillary, about 1 lin. longer than the calyx. Calyx 21 lin. long, membranous, glabrous, gland-dotted, 5-fid; teeth about 1 lin. long, obtusely acuminate. Capsule ellipsoid, 1} lin. long, bisulcate, emarginate. Seeds (unripe) rather large, several, ellipsoid-ovoid, smooth, with a protruding hyaline aril at the base.—Stemodiacra ceratophylloides, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 759. Stemodia ceratophylloides, K. Schum. in Just, Jahresber. xxvi. 1. 595. Kirunde Mountain, 6600 ft., Goetze, 899! British Central Africa : Nyasaland,. Whyte! 22. B. namuliensis, Skan. Stem erect, 1{t. high or more, simple below, sparingly branched above, quadrangular, few-leaved, puberulous. Lower leaves wanting ; upper leaves alternate, linear to linear-lanceo- late, up to 15 in. long and 1} lin. broad, entire, Sg ayy hispidly pubescent. Spikes terminal or sometimes lateral, et. 4 in. long, rather densely flowered, elongating and becoming lax in es ‘uit ; bracts broadly lanceolate, acuminate, 24 lin. long, concave, shortly pilose ; bracteoles. linear, 14-14 lin. long, acuminate. Calyx 25-2? lin. long, distinctly 10- =seTeA, 5-toothed, ‘somewhat hispidly hairy: ; teeth linear-triangular, about lin. long. Corolla- tube about 5 lin. long, narrow, slightly curved, very sparinely hairy on the upper part outside; lobes obovate, about 2 lin. long and 14 lin. broad. Anthers acuminate. Style nearly 2 lin. long. Capsule ellipsoid, slightly curved, 2 lin. long, minutely apiculate. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Makua Country: Naiwuli Hills, Last ! 23. B. Welwitschii, Ligl. in Hngl. Jahrb. xviii. 70, t. 8, fig. PF, partly, An erect annual herb 14-1? ft. high or more, sparingly covered with slender grey hairs; stem simple or “sparingly branched, s slender,. rather leafy; internodes about } in. long at the base, 14 24 in. long ne) above. Basal leaves elliptic- -oblong 5— 10 lin. long, 4- 5 lin. broad, obtuse, sparingly and irregularly toothed, scabrid with minute white points; upper leaves opResite or subopposite, sessile, oblong-linear to: linear, about 14 in. long, 14-24 lin. broad, acute, narrowed at the base, entire or minutely few- toothed, somewhat scabrid, grey-pilose. Flowers. ina terminal rather crowded spike about # in. long: bracts lanceolate, 3-54 lin. long, concave, pilose ; bracteoles Taco or subulate: 14-2 lin. long, pilose. Calyx 913 lin. long, pilose; teeth unequal, ose lin. long, subulate. Corolla deep blue ; tube 43 lin. long, sparingly pilose outside, rather eer pilose at the throat inside, cylindric, straight ; lobes obovate, 2-25 lin. long, 14—2 lin. broad, the lower larger than the upper. Anthers peunineres Style 1-1} lin. long.—Hiern in Cat, Afr. Pl, Welw. i. 776, partly. Lower Guinea. Angola: Humpata Plateau, Welwitsch, 5832! Var. elata, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 776. Stem 2-3 ft. high, more leafy than in the ane Leaves oblong to linear-oblong or the uppermost linear, up to» 3 in. long and 4 in, broad, remotely toothed, very scabrid. Corolla pale blue. Lower Guinea. Angola : Mossamedes ; by the River Maimbo, Welwitsch,. 5827 ! 24. B. reissiana, Buettner ex Hig gt. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 68, t. 3,. jig. kK. A very slender herb aout 1} ft. high; stem simple below, sparingly branched above, terete, rT in diam., few-leaved (about 3 pairs at the base and a few spinel alternate ones near the apex). Leaves of the lowest pair oblong-lanceolate, 1 in. lone 3-4 lin, broad, it d ¢ h; Buchnera.| | XC11. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 387 obtuse, and of the other pairs linear-lanceolate, 14-1} in. long, 13-24 lin. may acute, entire or having a few small ‘roa Spike terminal, about # in. long, rather densely-flowered, densely white- _pubescent : bracts ee acuminate, about } in. long; bracteoles similar in shape but much smaller. Calyx about } in. Hors 5-toothed ; teeth subulate, 1-14 lin. long. Corolla-tube about } in.. long, genset and shortly pubescent ; lobes obovate-spathulate, 21 lin. long, ? lin. broad. —Engl. & Gilg m Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 366 ; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 212. Lower Guinea. Angola: between Goudkopje and Kakele, 3900 ft., Baum, 185; River Chimpungu, 4600 ft., Bawm, 864! South Central. Congo Free State: Lukolela and Equatorville, Buettner. 2). B, Randii, S. Joore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 467. An erect plant 62-142 in. high ; stem attenuated, scarcely $ lin. in diam., sparingly leafy, pilose- “hispid : internodes 1#—3in. long. Radical leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, 5-10 lin. long, 24—3 lin. broad, obtuse ; cauline leaves narrowly linear, 10-15 lin, ‘long, the upper smaller, obtuse. Spikes dense-flowered, somewhat more than 5 lin. long; bracts ovate- lanceolate, acute, hispid, the medium-sized ones 2 a long ; bracteoles setaceous, scarcely 14 lin. long. Calyx tubular, 24 lin. long, hispid, obscurely nerved; teeth triangular-setaceous, scarcely 3 lin. long. Corolla 44 lin. long; tube attenuated, straight, somewhat pilose ; limb not more than I} lin. in diam.; lobes obovate-oblong, very obtuse, almost equal, Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Rhodesia; Salisbury, Rand, 573! 26. B. Poggei, Hngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 69, ¢. 38, fig. H. An annual herb; stem about 1 ft. long bearing only 2 leaves at the middle and others approximated at the base; internodes very much elongated. Basal leaves oblong-lanceolate, 74- 10 lin. long, entire or undulate- dentate, 3-nerved, long and sparsely hispid-pilose ; cauline leaves linear- lanceolate, about 10 lin. long, sparsely hispid-pilose. Spike short, the lower flow ers much longer than the buds at the end ; bracts lanceolate, 14 lin. long and #lin. broad, long and sparsely hispid-pilose. Calyx 3 lin. long, hispid; teeth triangular, acute, $ lin. long. Corolla-tube nearly 5 lin. long, } lin. broad, slender, slightly curved, finely pilose ; lobes oblong, glabrous, deep violet-blue, the lower 24 i long and lf lin. broad. South Central. Lunda: Kimbundo, on the River Lovo, Pogge, 315. 27. B. albiflora, Skan. A rigid erect herb 1} ft. high, having the stem and branches rather densely pilose with very slender grey hairs ; stem simple below, branched about the middle, terete, about 14 lin. thick at the base; branches 5-74 in. long, erect-spreading, few- leaved. Basal leaves narrowly obovate, 8 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, obtuse, seabrid with short white hairs much thickened at the base ; upper leaves opposite or alternate, narrowly lanceolate, {-24 in. long, 1-3 lin. broad, obtuse or somewhat acute, entire, scabrid with short white hairs 388 -XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Buchnera. much thickened atthe base. Spikes terminal, thick and densely-flowered in the upper part, interrupted below, 34-4 in. long, sometimes with very short axillary spikes in the axils of the uppermost leaves; bracts ovate-elliptic about 2 lin. longand 1 lin. broad, acute, ciliate ; _bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 14 lin. long, acuminate, sparingly ciliate. Calyx 2 lin. tong, pubescent, 10-nerved, becoming scarious, 5-toothed ; teeth narrowly deltoid, 3 lin. long, acute. Corolla white; tube 2) lin. long, cylindric, straight, very sparingly white-pubescent outside ; lobes obovate, 4-3 lin. long, }-Llin. broad. Anthers acute. Styleabout }lin. long. Capsule ovoid-oblong, 24-2 lin. long, apiculate. Mozamb. Dist, British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Mount Masisi, 4500 ft, Me Clounie, 75 ! 28. B. Verdickii, Skan. A small plant only 1J—2? in. high, more or less strongly branched from the base; branches hairy. ‘Leaves sessile, lanceolate or linear, 3-13 in. long, ?-34 lin. broad, scabridly hairy on both sides. Inflorescence a terminal spike 7} lin. to 1? in. long; flowers vather numerous but somewhat loosely arranged, the lower sometimes distant; lower bracts like the leaves, exceeding the flowers; upper bracts shorter than the calyx; bracteoles lanceolate, acute, hairy, about 14 lin. long. Calyx hairy, about 5 lin. long, slightly accrescent, 4—5- toothed; teeth linear, acute, about 1 lin. long, 1 tooth often much reduced. Corolla-tube about as long as the calyx, pubescent; lobes obovate, about 24 lin. long and 2 lin. broad. Fruit oblong, about 23 lin. long and 3 lin. thick, apiculate-—B. pusilla, De Wild. Etudes FI. Katanga, 123, not of H. B. and K. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; Lukafu, Verdick, 574. 29. B. Nuttii, Skan. A rigid erect minutely pubescent scabrid herb 14 ft. high or more, blue-black. in the dried state ; stems apparently simple (the lower parts have not been seen), 14-14 lin. thick, sparingly leafy ; internodes up to 24 in. long. Upper leaves opposite or sub- opposite, lanceolate, $—1} in. long, acute, narrowed at the base, 3-nerved. Flowers in dense irregular axillary shortly stalked or sessile compound heads about 2 in. long and 4 in. broad; bracts lanceolate, 24 lin. long, keeled, acuminate, ciliate; bracteoles linear, 13 lin. long, otherwise as the bracts. Calyx 2 lin. long, sparingly pubescent outside, glandular- pulverulent inside; teeth ovate-lanceolate, about } lin. long, acuminate, ciliate. Corolla-tube somewhat funnel-shaped, rather broad, 2} lin. long, very sparingly pilose outside, densely pilose inside, straight or very slightly curved ; lobes 5, subequal, obovate, about 1 lin. long and { lin. broad, somewnat crisped. Anthers obtuse. Style scarcely } lin. long. ' Wrozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5250 ft. Nutt ! 30. B. andongensis, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.i. 775, An erect annual herb more than 8 in. high, branched from the base; branches obtusely tetragonal, hispidulous-scabrid; some of the upper internodes exceeding the leaves. Leaves mostly opposite, obovate- oblong, 3-3 in. long, {-1 in. broad, obtuse or subapiculate, cuneate at Buchnera.|. XC. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 389 the sessile or subsessile base, entire or obsoletely denticulate, mem- branous, scabrid, 5-nerved. Spikes terminal, sessile, compound at the base, semi-ellipsoid, many-flowered, 6—8 lin. long, forming a corymb ; flowers whitish, 5—4 lin. long, sessile or subsessile ; bracts about as long as the calyx, oblong or ovate, glabrous inside, ciliate, somewhat hispid on the back ; bracteoles about as long as the bracts but narrower, ciliate. Calyx 24-3 lin. long, ribbed or angled, ciliate on some of the ribs or angles, shortly 5-toothed ; teeth lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, ciliate, somewhat unequal. Corolla-tube rather slender, as long as the calyx, straight or somewhat curved near the apex; limb rather small. Anthers acute. Style ¢ lin. long. Capsule 2 lin. long. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; in the forest between Cazella and Zambe, Welwitsch, 5850! 31. B. foliosa, Skan. A robust erect herb 9 in. high or more; stem simple below, corymbosely branched above, obscurely quadrangular, slightly bisuleate, about 14 lin. thick, more than usually leafy for the genus, glabrescent in places, more or less covered here and there with rather long hispid grey somewhat adpressed hairs ; branches opposite, 4-34 in. long, the lowermost longest, erect-spreading. Leaves opposite, oblong below a lanceolate above, 14-23 in. long, 3—9 lin. broad, acute, much narrowed at the base, entire or remotely toothed, 3-nerved, sparsely pubescent, the hairs often very short and stiff. Spikes ter- minal, corymbosely arranged, ovoid, 8-10 lin. long, about 7 lin. broad, densely-flowered, compound at the base; lowermost bracts leat-like, aa up to 1 in. long; upper bracts ovate-elliptic, 3-34 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, acute or acuminate, rounded or flattened on the back, a ciiines sharply keeled at the apex, prominently 3-ribbed, pubescent ; bracteoles lanceolate, 24 lin. long, keeled, pubescent. Calyx 3-34 lin. long, somewhat apoendanrnerl lore, 4- ‘toothed, rather deeply slit down on the upper and lower sides, hispidly es V5 teeth about ? lin. long, narrowly deltoid, acute. Corolla-tube 32 lin. long, narrow, cylindric, straight, sparingly pubescent outside ; lobes obovate or obovate- -cuneate, about 1, lin. long and broad. Anthersacute. Style ¢ lin. long. Capsule ovoid, 24-8 lin. long, apiculate. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; Tanganyika Plateau, at Fort Hill, 3500-4000 ft., Whyte / 32. B. nitida, Shan. An erect annual herb about 6 in. high ; stem simple, terete, rather woody, about # lin. thick, bifariously puberu- lous, leatless below, sparingly leafy above. Leaves opposite, sessile, linear-lanceolate, 6—8 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, acute, glabrous, smooth, shining, somewhat coriaceous. Flowers sessile in a shortly branched flattened terminal head about 1 in. broad; bracts ovate or elliptic to oblong-lanceolate, 24-3} lin. long, 14 lin. broad, acute or acuminate, somewhat concave, glabrous ; Benctoole: 24 lin. long, linear-lanceolate, glabrous. Calyx 4 lin. long , deeply slit in the median plane into 2- toothed halves ; teeth narrowly Gyate: acuminate, $—2 lin. long. Corolla-tube 4-42 lin. long, glabrous outside, with Sine stiff hairs inside ; lobes 390 XCII. SCROPHULARIACE.E (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Buchnera. obovate, 13-3 lin. long, 14-24 lin. broad. Anthers acute. Style 14 lin. long. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Nyasaland; MWcClounie, 123, partly ! 33. B. nigricans, Skan. An erect rather rigid annual branched herb about 1ft. high, drying black, shortly and hispidly pubescent. Leaves subsessile, opposite, linear-lanceolate, up to 1) in. long and 2 lin. broad, acute, entire, hispidly pubescent, scabrid. Spikes terminal, un- interrupted, somewhat densely-flowered, slender, cylindric, 1-2 in. long; bracts quadrifariously imbricate, ovate, elliptic or somewhat rhomboid, upto 2 lin. long and 14 lin. broad, acute, pilose, slightly keeled; bracteoles lanceolate, 13-1? lin. long, acute, pilose. Calyx about 2? lin. long, scarious, 7-8-nerved, 4-toothed, deeply slit down on the upper side, pilose on the upper part chiefly on the teeth ; teeth ovate or deltoid, acuminate, 4-3} lin. long. Corolla at first glossy yellow, turning to green and finally to black when dry (Welwitsch) ; tube about 4 lin. long and } lin. broad, curved, slightly contracted at the throat, minutely and sparingly pilose above; limb stellate; lobes narrowly oblong, about 14 lin. long, fleshy, undulate, somewhat involute along the margins or conduplicate in the dried state. Anthers rather obtuse. Style about 13 lin. long. Capsule cylindric-oblong.—Séellularia nigri- cans, Benth. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1318. S. nigrescens, Benth. l.c. ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 774, partly. Benthamistella nigricans, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 458. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; near Catumba, Welwitsch, 5838 ! 34. B. benthamiana, Skan. The following characters distinguish this from DB. nigricans: Leaves narrowly linear. Spike 5 in. long, more slender, less densely-flowered ; bracts lanceolate, 23-3 lin. long, acumi- nate, rather more pilose. Calyx slightly narrower, more pilose; teeth narrower and longer. Corolla at first purple, then greenish, black when dry (Welwitsch), otherwise the same. Style 1 lin. long.—WStellularia nigrescens, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 774, partly. See note by Bentham in Hook. Ie. Pl. xiv. 18, under t. 1318. Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; in herbaceous thickets at Monino, Wel- witsch, 5037 30. B. inflata, Shan. in. long including the oblique beak.—Hiern in Cat. Afr, Pl. Welw. es COCRoR Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; bank of the Lopollo River, Welwitsch, 5780! 4. R. Meyeri-Johannis, Hngl. Hochyebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 382. Stems 2 or 3, 1}—2 ft. long, rather slender, branched, ascending, arising froma basal tuber, sparingly covered, as well as the branches and leaves, with spreading or somewhat strigose hairs; branches erect, 24-8 in. long ; internodes 1-2} in. long. Leaves all opposite, shortly petiolate, ovate, pinnatisect or bipinnatisect, 1-14 in. long, }-14 in. broad at the base; segments linear, in 5 or 6 pairs, becoming gradually shorter towards the apex, rather obtuse, the lower pinnatisect. Flowers soli- tary, opposite, in the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicels }-1} lin. long ; bracteoles linear, 23-3 Jin. long. Calyx 4—4¢ lin. long, densely covered with slender rather short somewhat reflexed hairs ; tube ae shaped, about 24 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, 10-nerved ; lobes triangular, 14-2 lin. long, unequal, acuminate. Gorolla-tube 74-9 lin. long, 14 Tae broad near the base, 14 lin. broad in the upper part, slightly curved, minutely glandular-pubescent ; hmb about 1 in. in diam.; upper lip obreniform, + in. long, 3 in. broad ; lobes of the lower lip obovate-suborbicular, 5 lin. 422 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | khamphicarpa. long, 53 lin. broad. Capsule obliquely ovoid, $ in. long including the short acute beak, 34 lin. broad, dehiscing along the upper suture only. Seeds oblong, somewhat angular, 4 lin. long, tuberculate—R. Meyeri, Schweinf. in Héhnel, Lakes Rudolf and Stefanie, ii. 357. Cycniwm Meyeri-Johannis, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr..C. 361, not of Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 383. Mozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 6500-15,700 ft., Teleki, Meyer, 266, Hiihnel, 139, Volkens, 1919! +. R. Albersii, Skan. An erect branched undershrub upwards of 1ft. high; stem obscurely quadrangular, 14 lin. thick or more, glabre- scent below, rather densely covered with short slender spreading hairs above ; upper internodes I-14 in. long; branches opposite, subterete, pubescent. Leaves opposite or subopposite, very shortly petiolate, cuneate-oblong, # in. long, 4-4 in. broad, obtuse, shortly white-pilose especially on the nerves beneath, entire below the middle, crenate- setrate above, rather thick ; teeth 3-5 on each side. Flowers few, in the axils of the uppermost leaves. Pedicels about 1 lin. long; brac- teoles linear, 14 lin. long, acute. Calyx campanulate, 33 lin. long, 10-ribbed, sparingly hispid chiefly on the ribs; lobes narrowly deltoid, 13-14 lin. long, 3-1 lin. broad at the base, acute, erect. Corolla pale lilac ; tube 12—15 lin. long, puberulous, slightly gibbous about 24 lin. from the apex ; limb about 3? in. in diam. Ovary obliquely ovoid, 1? lin. long, 14 lin. broad, compressed; style 24 lin. long, somewhat clavate above.—Cycnium Albersii, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxvi. 231. Mozamb. Dist. Germen East Africa: Usambara; Mgrema, near Kwai, about 5300 ft., Albers, 419 ! 6. R. veroniczefolia, Vatke in Linnea, xiii. 312. An annual? hispid herb. Leaves similar to those of certain forms of Veronica longi- folia, the lower shortly petiolate, the upper sessile, mostly opposite, oblong-linear, somewhat obtuse, up to 3hin. long and 7} lin. broad, more or less pinnatifid-incised at the base, coarsely serrate above, entire at the apex; upper florai leaves linear, quite entire, cuspidate, puber- ulous on both sides, then glabrate. Pedicels up to 1 lin. Jong. Calyx- tube longer than the pedicels ; lobes ovate, acuminate, about 2 lin. long and # lin. broad. Corolla rose; tube 1-1} in. long, glabrous, gibbous 24 lin. from the limb; limb 14 in. in diam.; upper lip emarginate. Capsule obliquely ovoid, beaked.—Cyenium veronicifolium, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 361. Nile Land. British East Africa: Ukamba; by the River Tiwa, Hildebrandt, 2758; near Pemba River, Kdssner, 351! Mozamb. Dist. German Hast Africa: Usambara; Duga, Holst, 3217! Holst’s specimen, determined by Dr. Engler, differs slightly from Vatke’s description. Its leaves are not more than 2 in. long, the calyx-lobes are only 14 lin, long, and the corolla-tube is distinctly puberulous. 7. R. suffruticosa, Skan. An erect sparingly branched herb or undershrub up to 31 ft. high; branches. ?-1 lin. thick, obscurely Rhamphicarpa.| XCIl. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), 423 quadrangular, sparingly and often bifariously pubescent ; upper inter- nodes 14-2 in. long. Leaves mostly opposite, shortly petiolate or subsessile, deltoid-ovate to ovate-lanceolate or oblong, }-13 in. long, 4-L in. broad, often deeply pinnatifid at the hase, serrate-dentate above, acute or obtuse, covered with fine or short and stiff hairs; lobes and teeth broad, acute; floral leaves lanceolate, entire, 4—7 lin. long. Flowers opposite, in a loose stiff terminal raceme. Pedicels 4-14 lin. long ; bracteoles linear, about 1 lin. long, or quite absent. Calyx campanulate, 8-9) lin. long, 2-3 lin. broad, 10-ribbed, with a few hispid hairs chiefly on the margins of the lobes; lobes ovate or elongate-triangular, 14-2 lin. long, #-1 lin. broad, shortly acuminate. Corolla pale violet; tube 3-j In. long, nearly 14 lin. broad below, gibbous 2 lin. from the limb, glandular-pubescent ; limb 11-12 lin. in diam.; upper lip obovate-orbi- cular, 5} lin. long, 64 lin. broad, bifid; lobes of the lower lip obovate, 4 lin. long, 5-53 lin. broad. Style only 2 lin. long, broadly clavate at the apex. Capsule obliquely deltoid-ovoid, 7-84 lin. long including the beak, much compressed, dehiscing along the upper suture only; beak acuminate, placed at a right angle to the pedicel. Seeds about } lin. long, truncate at both ends; testa reticulate, scabrid.—Cycnium suffru- Zicosum, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxvii. 479. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara, Buchwald, 96! Magila, 1000 tt., Kirk!) Ukami; South Uluguru, 3900 ft., Goetze, 231! 8. R. cameroniana, Oliver in Journ. Linn. Soc. xv.95. An erect herb 1 ft. high or more ; stem sparingly branched, quadrangular, 4-sul- cate, nearly glabrous. Leaves sessile or subsessile, few, linear-lanceolate or linear, 4—} in. long, $—1 lin. broad, acute, somewhat scabrid, often with 1 or 2 narrow acute teeth on each side at the base. Flowers racemose. Pedicels 3-14 lin. long; bracteoles 2, linear-subulate, #-1 lin. long, attached to the base of the calyx. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 3—4} lin. long, 10-ribbed, glabrous or nearly so ; lobes lanceolate, 14—2 lin. long, acute. Corolla apparently white, minutely and sparingly pubescent ; tube 10-12 lin. long, cylindric, slender, slightly curved, gibbous near the apex ; limb spreading, nearly 14 in. in diam.; lobes broadly obovate, rounded at the apex. Capsule broadly obovoid, 35-4 lin. long and broad, subtruncate or obcordate at the apex, straight or slightly oblique, not beaked ; valves coriaceous, retuse.—Cycnivm cameronianum, Eng). Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 361. Mozamb. Dist. Lake Tanganyika, Cameron ! 9. R. Jamesii, Skan. An erect herb, 1} ft. high or more, almost glabrous and smooth, drying a shining black; stems rigid, very sparingly branched, about 14 lin. thick; branches up to 1 ft. long or more, erect ; internodes up to 2? in. long. Leaves (lowermost not seen) opposite, linear, 1—4 (usually 2—3) in. long, #-1} lin. broad, acute, entire, thick, sprinkled over with flat whitish callosities. Flowers in distant pairs arranged in terminal spike-like racemes, which become 1| ft. long ; bracts similar to the leaves but smaller, the lowermost about 1 in, long, de- creasing in length upwards to 3 lin. Pedicels mostly only about } lin. 424 — XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [| Rhamphicarpa. long, in fruit sometimes 1} lin. long; bracteoles 0. Calyx campanulate, 44 lin. long, minutely pulverulent, furnished on the lobes with a few whitish callosities, prominently 10-ribbed; lobes triangular-lanceolate, 2-21 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad at the base, acuminate. Corolla-tube curved, 12-13 lin. long, 1} lin. broad below, distinctly gibbous about 2 lin. from the apex, densely pubescent ; limb 14-14 in. indiam.; upper lip very broadly obcordate, 7—8 lin. long, 8-9 lin. broad ; lobes of the lower lip broadly obovate, 8-10 lin. long and broad. Capsule obliquely ovate, 6—7 lin. long including the long beak, 4 lin. broad at the base. Wile Land, Uganda: Kavirondo, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Hiliot, 7030! Elgon District, James ! 10. R. asperrima, Skan. A branched erect undershrub, up to 34 ft. high ; branches about 1 lin. thick, obscurely quadrangular, densely covered with grey deflexed hairs. Leaves mostly opposite, sessile or subsessile, lanceolate or oblong, {—? in. long, 1-2} lin. broad, densely covered with short hairs usually much thickened at the base, often very scabrid, quite entire or with a few coarse teeth, acute or subacute. Flowers mostly opposite, axillary, the upper forming a loose or sometimes crowded raceme. -Pedicels 3-14 lin. long; bracteoles linear, 2 lin. long, densely pubescent. Calyx campanulate, 3-4} lin. long, 2 lin. broad, 10-ribbed, very densely and shortly pubescent ; hairs. often thickened at the base; lobes deltoid, 14—2 lin. long, acute or acu- minate. Corolla mauve-white ; tube 8-10 lin. long, about 14-1? lin. broad below, densely glandular-pubescent, slightly curved; limb #?in. long, 3 in. broad ; upper lip obreniform, 3} lin. long, 53-7 lin. broad, 2-lobed ; lobes of the lower lip broadly obovate, 4—5 lin. long, 4 lin. broad. Style 14-24 lin. long, thicker in the upper part. Capsule ovoid-ellipsoid, slightly oblique, 2 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, compressed above.—Cycnium asperrimum, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxvi. 231. Wile Land. Galla Country; Arussi-Galla; near Ginea, 6600 ft., Hllenbeck. 1947! Wozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro, 4400 ft., Johnston, 101! Usambara ; Umba Valley, Smith ! 11. R. Ellenbeckii, Stan. A small erect undershrub scarcely 4 in. high ; stems terete, rather densely white-pilose ; internodes 2-3 lin. long. Leaves lanceolate, 3{—6 lin. long, 14-17? lin. broad, entire, acute, narrowed at the base, sparingly white-pilose on both sides. Flowers few, in the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicels } lin. long ; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 2 lin. long, 4 lin. broad, acute, white-pilose, inserted on the base of the calyx. Calyx campanulate, 3} lin. long, 10-ribbed, white-pilose ; tube 24 lin. long, 2 lin. in diam. at the apex ; lobes narrowly triangular, 3-1} lin. long, acute, somewhat spreading, white-pilose on both sides. Corolla-tube 63-7} lin. long, nearly 13 lin. broad at the base, slightly narrower at the apex, slightly curved above, glandular-puberulous ; limb 8 lin. long, about 7 lin. broad; upper lip 34 lin. long, 44 lin. broad, shortly 2-lobed ; lobes of the lower lip obovate, 34 lin. long, 24-34 lin. broad. Style only 1} lin. long, very ew - Se te — —— er, CT Rhamphicarpa. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), 425 much thickened above.—Cycnium Hllenbeckii, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. Xxxvi. 231. Nile Land. Galla Country: Arussi-Galla; Dennek rivulet, Hllenbeck, 1967! 12. R. Wolkensii, Skan. An erect many-branched undershrub, up to 3} ft. high, everywhere except on the corolla more or less shortly strigose-pilose ; pagecres ascending. Leaves mostly opposite, sessile or subsessile, lanceolate, $—1 in. long or more, 2—6 lin. broad, coarsely few toothed, obtuse or mane. Flowers rather few, in a loose terminal raceme. Bracts similar to the leaves but smaller. Pedicels 1 lin. long ; bracteoles linear or lanceolate, 2—4 lin. long. Calyx tubular-campanu- late, 44-5? lin. long, 24 lin. broad at the apex of the vals 10-ribbed, ‘abher densely pilose ; lobes deltoid-lanceolate, spreading, 2 24 lin. long, acuminate. Corolla pale rose-coloured ; tube 8—9 lin. long, 14-14 lin. broad, cylindric, curved, minutely elandular- -puberulous ; ily 2-1 in. in diam. ; ; upper lip 5 lin. long, 6 lin. broad, deeply emarginate or bifid ; lobes of the lower lip suborbicular or obovate, ) lin. long, 43-5 lin. broad, Style 1{ lin. long, thickened in the upper part. Capsule ovoid, included in the calyx. 01 ycnium Volkensit, Engl. Pi. Ost-Afr. C. 360, and in Engl. Jahrb. xxii. 513. Nile Land. British East Africa: 4000-6000 ft., Galunka, Kdssner, 814, partly ! Kapte Plateau, Thomson! Wikuya and on the road to Eldsma Ravine, Whyte, 15! Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa : between Mount Meru and Kilimanjaro, and on Kilimanjaro at Majame and Muengue, 3000-4900 ft., Valens, 366, 1653. Cycnium gallense, Engl. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 29 (Riva, 1257, from Gallaland), appears to be the same as the above. I have seen only a fragmentary specimen. 13. R. spicata, Skan. An erect sparingly branched herb, up to 1¢ ft. high, densely covered with short white deflexed hairs ; internodes about 5 lin. long. Leaves oblong, the larger 10-12 lin. long, 5-6 lin. broad, rigid, shortly pilose on both sides, acute at apex and base, entire in the lower third, serrate above, with the midrib and lateral nerves prominent below ; upper leaves smaller, passing into sparingly serrate or entire elliptic bracts. Flowers spicate, shortly pedicellate or sessile. Bracteoles linear, 13 lin. long, usually attached to the base of the calyx. Calyx conmonmnmilyien 6 i lin. long, slightly incurved, hispidly hairy, pro- minently 10-ribbed ; tube 24 lin. long, about 2 lin. in diam. at the mouth ; lobes spreading, deltoid, 1} lin. long, the uppermost shorter. Corolla pale rose; tube 8{-10 lin. long, 15 lin. broad at the base, slightly enlarged ‘above, imately glandular-puberulous: limb about 1 in. in diam. ; upper lip 2- lobed, 2 in. long, $ in. broad ; lobes broadly oblong or obovate, 4 in. Bee? 3+ lin. broad; lobes of the lower lip broadly ovate, 5 lin. long, 5— ein broad. Capsule ovoid, included in the calyx.—Cycnium ee Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxvi. 232. Mozamb. Dist. German Hust Africa: at the foot of the Pare Mountains between Sengani and Simba, 2300 ft., Hngler, 1629 ! 426 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Rhamphicarpa. 14. R. ajugifolia, Shan. A decumbent herb, branched below, the branches, leaves, and calyces furnished with white hairs thickened at the base; branches curved, 8-10 in. long, greyish-violet, densely white- “plese, ; internodes 73-10 lin. long. Leaves obovate or obovate- cuneate, 75-10 lin. long, about 5 lin. broad, coarsely few- OE white- pilose, with some of the hairs thickened at the base ; teeth $—1 lin. long and broad. Flowers in the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicels 1 lin. long; bracteoles narrowly linear, 13-32 lin. long, acute, densely pilose. Calyx 34-54 lin. long, veugelly pilose outside, 10-ribbed ; tube 13—2 lin. broad ; lobes lanceolate, 14-24 lin. long, $-#? 2 Jin, broad, acute. Corolle tube funnel-shaped, 8t int Tesiy, 14 lin. broad near the base, slightly broader above the middle, glandular-puberulous; limb 7 lin. long, 64 lin. broad; upper lip 54 lin. long, 4# lin. broad, 2-lobed; lobes about 2 lin. long and broad, rounded! lobes of the lower lip broadly obovate, 3-34 lin. long, 21-98 lin, broad. Ovary obliquely ovoid, compressed above, 14 lin. long, 1 “Thin. broad ; style 24 lin. long, thickened above.— Cycnium “ uaeg abun, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvi. 74. C. ajugifolium, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 360. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: probably Masai Highlands, Fischer, 104.! 15. R. herzfeldiana, Vatke in Linnea, xliii. 311. A weak branched straggling undershrub, usually densely covered on all the green parts with rather long soft hairs or sometimes with the leaves shortly hairy or glabrescent; stems 9-15 in. long or more, terete ; branches often more than 6 in. long, slender, spreading ; internodes 1-13 in. long. Leaves usually opposite, shor tly petiolate, ovate-lanceo- late, ovate or lanceolate, 3-2 in. long, 5-14 lin. broad, acute, more or less cuneate at the base, serrate-dentate, scabrid ; lower teeth larger sometimes much larger, than the upper ; petiole 3 4— 24 lin. long. Flowers axillary, 1 or 2 to each pair of leaves. Pedicels 3-2 in. long, often about 14 in. long; bracteoles linear, 3} lin. long, inserted on the base of the calyx or just below. Calyx 7-9 lin. long, accrescent ; tube cam- panulate, 3-4 lin. long, 10-nerved; lobes broadly oblong to oblong- lanceolate, sometimes triangular, 4-54 lin. long, 14-23 lin. broad, acute or somewhat obtuse. Corolla-tube 9-11 lin. long, 14-14 lin. ‘broad, curved, sometimes distinctly gibbous above the middle, glandular- puberulous ; limb 1-1} in. in diam.; upper lip 5-7 lin. long, 7-8 lin. broad, emarginate ; lobes of the lower lip obovate, 5—7 lin. long, 43-63 lin. broad. Filaments bearded ; anthers oblong, 1} lin. long. Style 1 lin. long, thickened in the upper part. Capsule suborbiculay, slightly oblique, 7 lin. long including the beak, 6 lin. broad, much compressed ; beak only about 1 lin. long. Seeds ellipsoid, 4 4 lin. long; testa reticu- late.—R. her afelidiana, var. ¢ subauriculata, Vatke, lc. 312. Cycnium herzfeldianum, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xvii. 74, and in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 29 ; forme Holstit and subaurieulata, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 360. C. Me yeri-Johannis, Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. "Trop. Afr. 383, not of Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 361. Wile Land. Galla Country: between Tumpé and Ciaffa, Riva, 1252. British East Africa: Ukamba; Hildebrandt, 2736! Scott-Elliot, 6310! Kapte Plateau, Rhamphicarpa.| XCii, SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN), 427 5000-6000 ft., Thomson ! Taita; Ndara Mountain, 1000 ft., Hildebrandt, 2440; Galunka, Kassner, 814! Uganda; Elgon District, James! Buddu, Scott-Elliot, 7479! aud without precise locality, Whyte ! Mozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: Usambara; Lutindi, Holst, 3428 ! Kilimanjaro; Marangu, Meyer, 58, Volkens, 1233! Ugweno Mountain, Ieyer, 191. 16. R. multicaulis, Shan. A perennial herb with a tuft of long fibrous roots; stems numerous, flagelliform, 6 in. long or more, pro- cumbent or ascending, terete, pubescent (often bifariously) ; hairs very short, deflexed. Leaves mostly opposite, sessile, linear-lanceolate, $—17 in. long, 3-14 lin. broad, narrowed at both ends, acuminate, sparingly and shortly pubescent, somewhat scabrid, remotely 1—3-toothed each side below the middle. Flowers axillary, few. Pedicels 7—9 lin. long ; bracteoles linear, 14-21 lin. long, inserted close to or at a short distance from the calyx. Calyx 9-10 lin. long, sparingly and shortly hairy chiefly on the ribs and margin of the lobes, 10-ribbed ; tube cup-shaped, 31-4 lin. long, 3-22 lin. broad, slightly broadest at the base; lobes linear-lanceolate or linear-oblong, 5—64 lin. long, 14 lin. broad at the base, narrowed to the apex, shortly acuminate. Corolla-tube about 14 in. long, 14-2 lin. broad, glandular-puberulous; limb 2-2} in. in diam. ; upper lip 7—9 lin. long, about 1 in. broad, emarginate; lobes of the lower lip broadly elliptic or ovate, about 1 in. long, 9$-11 bn. broad, obtuse. Style 2 lin. long, thickened and lanceolate in the upper part. Capsule (immature) ovoid, slightly oblique. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Umba Valley, Smith ! 17. R. montana, V.L. Br. in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 129. A small herb, more or less hispidly pubescent, .sometimes villous or almost glabrous; stems 2}—8 in. long, procumbent, slightly woody at the base ; branches ascending. Leaves opposite or alternate, lanceolate or linear- lanceolate, 3-1 in. long, 1-5 lin. broad, acute, usually acutely toothed especially near the base, rarely quite entire, more or less pubescent and seabrid. Flowers few, in the axils of the leaves at about the middle of the branches. Pedicels 2-9 lin. long; bracteoles narrowly linear, 1-2 lin. long. Calyx tubular-campanulate, usually 4—} lin. long, more or less hispidly hairy or villous ; lobes triangular-lanceolate, 1-3 lin. long, acute or rarely obtuse. Corolla-tube curved, 11-16 lin. long, nearly cylindric, rather densely pubescent ; limb 1-2 in. in diam.; upper lip 8-10 lin. long, 10-14 lin. broad, emarginate; lobes of the lower lip broadly obovate, 6-11 lin. long, 6-10 lin. broad. Capsule unknown.—Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. i1. 400. Wile Land. British East Africa or Uganda: between Kikuyu and Eldama Ravine, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte ! Mozamb Dist. British Central Africa: Rhodesia; between Charter and Buluwayo, Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 90! Bulawayo, Rand, 160! Also in South Africa. 18. R. Heuglini, Hochst. in Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 100. An erect herb 3-9 in. high, branched chiefly from the base: stems 428 — XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Rhamphicarpa. slender, sparingly and shortly pubescent or sometimes villous. Leaves lanceolate-linear or lanceolate, }—2 in. long, 1-5 lin. broad, acuminate or acute, much narrowed towards the base, more or less toothed or rarely entire, hispidly pubescent, sometimes scabrid ; teeth 1—6 on each side, acute, mostly narrow and spreading, the lower sometimes up to. 2% lin. long. Flowers in the axils of the uppermost leaves. Pedicels from a few lines up to 2 in. long, usually about 3 in. long: bracteoles. linear, 1—3 lin. long, attached to the upper part of the peduncle or to the base of the calyx. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 3-6} lin. long, about 2-23 lin, broad above, usually sparingly hispidly hairy chiefly on the ribs; tube 13-33 lin. long; lobes lanceolate-triangular to ovate, 13-8} lin. long, acute. Corolla white, mauve or violet; tube 2-1} in. long, glandular-pubescent, curved, slightly inflated in the upper part; limb 1-2 in. in diam.; upper lip 5-9 lin. long, 9-13 lw. broad, emarginate at the apex; lobes of the lower lip suborbicular-obovate, 5-9 lin. long and broad. Style 23-3 lin. long, thickened and lanceolate in the upper part. Capsule obliquely ovoid, }—} lin. long including the beak, dehiscing by the upper suture only ; beak acuminate.— S. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 191. Cyeniwm Heuglinii, Engl. Pil. Ost-Afr. ©, 361. Nile Land. Soudan: near Khartoum, Heuglin ; Meshva, Schweinfurth, 46! 1241! Bahr el Jebel, near Bor, Broun! Uganda: Lake Baringo, 3400 ft., Johnston! Buddu, 3900 ft., Dawe, 227 ! Elgon District, James! Mulema, Bag- shawe, 230! The specimens collected by Dawe and Bagshawe are much more hairy than the others, Cycnium paucidentatum, Engl. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 29, and in Engl. Jalirb. xxiii. 513 (Ge serratum, var. paucidentatum, Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 360) is probably not distinct from the abéve species. I can find no satisfactory character in the fragmentary specimens at Kew by which to distinguish it. C. rubriflorum, Eng] in Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 405, from Mpagara Land, Unyika (Goetze, 1402), described as having red flowers, is, I suspect, only a form of Rhamphicarpa Heuglini. 1), R. tubulosa, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 368. Apparently a perennial herb, probably parasitic, usually drying blackish ; stem erect or ascending, 4-2 ft. (usually about 1 ft.) high, slender, simple or sparingly branched, glabrous or minutely and sparingly puberulous, subterete, 2-furrowed ; internodes 4-24 (usually 14-2) in. long. Leaves opposite or subopposite, narrowly linear to lanceolate, 1-4 (often 14-23) in. long, 1-4 lin. broad, acute or acuminate, narrowed at the base, quite entire or remotely serrate, sometimes with 1 or 2 long teeth on each side at the base, often somewhat scabrid with minute white dots. Flowers axillary or some- times supra-axillary, usually opposite, or forming a lax few-flowered raceme. Pedicels 2-18 (often 4—6) lin. long, sometimes 2 in. long in the fruiting stage ; bracteoles quite absent or minute. Calyx campanu- late, usually 4-5 lin. long, glabrous or sometimes sprinkled over with scabrid white dots, rarely sparingly ciliate on the teeth ; tube 2—3} lin. long; lobes narrowly lanceolate, triangular, rarely ovate-lanceolate, Lthamphicarpa.| XC. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 429 13-3 (sometimes up to 4) lin. long, often elongating after flowering, acuminate. Corolla pink, purple or white ; tube 2-1 in. long, curved, glandular-puberulous ; limb 4-2 (usually 1-14) in. in diam.; upper lip 24~7 lin. long, 4-11 lin. broad, more or less deeply two-lobed ; lobes of the lower lip obovate, 24-8 lin. long and broad. Style 2-3 lin. long, thickened above. Capsule obliquely ovoid, }-} in. long and broad, somewhat compressed, beaked.—DC. Prodr. x. 504; Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. i. 399. &. curviflora, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. 3638. £. serrata, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 228; Vatke in Oest. Bot. Zeitschr. 1875, 11. Gerardia tubulosa, Linn. f. Suppl. 279. Cycnium tubuloswm, Kngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 361. C. serratum, Engl.1.c.360. Nile Land. Uganda: 4th March from Numias, Whyte! Eldama Ravine and Mau, 7000-7500 ft., Whyte! and without precise locality, Wilson, 121! British Kast Africa : around Nairobi, Whyte! Machakos to Kikuyu, 5000-6000 ft., Scott- Elliot, 6598 ! Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; Ombandya country, Schinz, 45! between Uukuambi and Ondonga, Schinz ! Mozamb. Dist. German Hast Africa: Ugualla River, Boehm, 127; Isimbiri, Boehm, 69 ; between Meru and Kilimanjaro, Volkens, 1612; Usagara Mountains, Kirk ! between Lake Tanganyika and Lake Rukwa, 6000 ft., Nuéé/ Portuguese East Africa: Mozambique, Horbes ! Peters; Quilimane, Scott! near Muata Manja, 3000 ft., Kirk’! Luabo River, Kirk / British Central Africa: Nyasaland ; various localities, Carson! Scott-Elliot, 8500! Buchanan, 113! Waller! Meller! Whyte ! Kirk ! Cunningham, 16! Buchanan, 1343! Moero Plateau, Carson, 16! Rhodes a: by the Zambesi, near Victoria Falls, Allen, 34! Mashonaland, Bryce! Negami- land ; near the Zouga, Tamalakane and Chobe Rivers, McCabe,6! Okavango Valley, 3000 ft., Lugard, 271 by the Botletle River at Matabele Drift, Zugard, 4! R.tubulosa is evidently an extremely variable species. We have not seen the ty pe of R. serrata, Klotzsch, but the description agries with several specimens at Kew which we cannot satisfactorily separate from R. tubulosa. Engler (Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 360-361) has given names to some extreme forms. 20. R. hamata, Shan. A herb 16-24 in. high; stem straight, erect, simple or sparingly branched, nearly glabrous ; internodes 14—3 in. long. Leaves sessile, linear, 15-22 lin. long, 1-14 lin. broad, acute or very acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, remotely and sparingly teothed (2 or 3 teeth each side), glabrous, horny especially on the under side; upper leaves narrowly linear, up to 1 in. long, ? lin. broad, entire, always distinctly hocked-revolute. Floweis few, axillary near the apex of the stem or branch. Pedicels 6-10 lin. long; bracteoles 0. Calyx 4—5 lin. long, tuberculate chiefly on the lobes ; tube campanulate, 2 lin. long; lobes lanceolate-linear, 2—3 lin. long, very acute, spreading. Corolla rose; tube 10 lin. long, I lin. broad, cylindric, distinctly curved, shortly glandular-pilose ; limb 13-14 lin. in diam.; upper lip } in. long, 2? in. broad, 2-lobed ; lobes of the lower lip obovate-orbicular, 6—7} lin. long, 5-7 lin. broad.—Cycnium hamatum, Engl, & Gilg in Baum, Kunene- Samb. Exped. 368. Lower Guinea. Angola: near the mouth of the River Quatiri, 3600 {t., Baum, 403! 21. R. aquatica, Skan. Stem glabrous, up to 31 ft. high; branches erect, 12-16 in..long; internodes 24-4} in. long. Leaves 430 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Rhamphicarpa. narrowly linear, 24-3} in. long, 14-2 lin. broad, the upper shorter and narrower, entire or sometimes here and there denticulate, subcartila- ginous along the margin. Pedicels nearly 4in. long, slightly supra- axillary ; bracteoles 0. Calyx 7-114 lin. long; tube campanulate, 4 lin. long; lobes elongate-triangular-acuminate or very narrowly linear, 3-74 lin. long, about $ lin. broad near the base, spreading. Corolla bright madder-coloured; tube about 1 in. long and 14 lin. broad ; limb about 3 in. long and 2} in. broad; upper lip 2-lobed; lobes 8 lin, broad ; lobes of the lower lip 10-12 lin. broad, the median about 1}1in. long, longer than the lateral. Capsule obliquely ovoid, beaked, 3} lin. long, 3 lin. broad.—Cyenium aquaticum, Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 479. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uhehe; growing in 1# ft. of water, in the Ifweme Marsh, near Tengulinyi, 5600 ft., Goetze, 690! 45. CYCNIUM, E. Meyer; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. 11. 969. Calyx long-tubular, 5-lobed or 5-toothed, 10-nerved or -ribbed. Corolla-tube elongated, straight or slightly incurved near the apex; limb usually large, spreading, somewhat 2-lipped; upper lip inside, very broad, emarginate or bifid; lower lip deeply 3-fid, with entire ovate, obovate or suborbicular lobes. Stamens 4, didynamous, included ; anthers 1-celled, vertical, dorsifixed, with the connective sometimes acuminate at the apex. Style thickened or clavate above. Ovules numerous in each cell. Capsule included in the calyx, 2-celled, ovoid or ellipsoid, somewhat fleshy, acute or obtuse, loculicidal or indehiscent 2 Seeds numerous, small, obovoid or ellipsoid; testa reticulate, subad- pressed.— Rigid scabrid semi-parasitic herbs, erect or procumbent, drying black. Leaves mostly opposite or the upper alternate, cblong or lanceo- late, usually toothed. Flowers axillary or racemose at the ends of the branches, sessile or shortly pedicellate, bibracteolate. Corolla white, pink, violet-rose or pale-yellow, often violet when dry. Species 10 or 11, the others in South Africa. * Calyx not slit on one side. Stems procumbent or ascending ; flowers axillary ; corolla-tube 14-3 in. long. Calyx up to 24 in. long; corolla-tube up to 3 in. long; limb 2-4 in. in diam. Corolla-tube often 14 in. longer than the calyx . . : : c : . 1. C, adonense. Corolla-tube only 5-6 lin. longer than the calyx. . CO. Verdickii. . O. Buchneri. Plant scabridly pubescent . Plant glabrous or nearly so ; f Calyx up to 1 in, long; corolla-tube up to 1} in. long ; limb 3-14 in. in diam. Calyx 6-8 lin. long; corolla-tube 15-1} in. long ; limb $-14 in, in diam. G » 4. C. Camporum. © bo i re , : Pe 3 | Cycnium.| XCI. SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN) 431 Calyx 12 lin. long ; corolla-tube 1-1} in. long; limb 63-73 lin. in diam. c C . 5. C. brachycalyz. Stems quite erect ; flowers racemose; corolla-tube 10-12 lin. long . ; : : e . 6. C. questicauxianum. ** Calyx slit on one side. Stems and underside of the leaves fulvous-tomen- tose ; corolla-tube up to 23 in. long c . 7. C. tomentosum. Stems and leaves shortly hispid ; corolla-tube 14 in. long : . : - : , . 8. C. erectum. 1. C. adonense, /. Meyer ex Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. i. (1835), 368. A pubescent scabrid perennial robust herb with strong fibrous roots ; stems often branched from the somewhat woody base, procumbent or ascending, from a few inches to a foot long or more, leafy. Leaves usually opposite, shortly petiolate or sessile, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 1-3 (usually 2) in. long, 3-1 in. broad, serrate, crenate-serrate or incised-dentate, acute or acuminate, rarely obtuse, cuneate at the base, Flowers axillary. Pedicels 2-12 (often 4-6) lin. long; bracteoles linear, 2}—4 (rarely up to 8})lin. long. Calyx tubular, i—1} (usually about 14) in. long, 3-3} lin. broad at the top of the tube, often densely covered on the ribs with somewhat deflexed hairs and pulverulent or puberulous between the ribs, 10-12-ribbed; tube 7-12 lin. long; lobes oblong to lanceolate-triangular, rarely deltoid-ovate, 33-8 lin. long, rarely 2 lin. long or less, 4-24 lin. broad, usually acute or shortly acuminate. Corolla white or lilac, often blackish when dry ; tube 24-3 in. long, gibbous }—3 in. from the limb, glandular-pilose; limb 2-3 in, in diam.; upper lip about 1 in. long and 14 in. broad, devply emarginate ; lobes of the lower lip suborbicular broadly obovate, 11-14 lin. long, 10-134 lin. broad. Style 4-2? in. long, much flattened in the upper part. Capsule ovoid or elliptic, 6—7} lin. long, 44 lin. broad, fleshy, indehiscent? obtuse—Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 505; Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 122, t. 88; Britten in Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Bot. iv. 29; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 479; Durand & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 212; Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 395. C’. adoense, Benth. & Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 969; S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1900, 468, and in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 191. C. longiflorum, Kekl. & Zeyh. ex Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix.122. Cycniumsp.n., T. Thoms. in Speke, Nile, Append. 642. Nile Land. Nile, Petherick! Uganda: Madi, Speke & Grant! Nandi, 7000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7053! Mulema, Bagshawe, 229! Entebbe, 3900 ft., Brown 2! and without precise locality, Wilson, 71! y] South Central. Congo Free State: Kassai River; Koango, Bittner. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Ukami; between Mgeta and Mbakana, Goetze, 341; bed of the Mgasi, Goetze, 140; Uhehe; Muhinde Steppe, Goetze, 515 ; Urundi, 4000-5000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 8208 ! higher plateau north of Lake N yasa Thomson! Portuguese East Africa: Makua Country; Namuli Hills, Zast/ near Lake Nyasa, Johnson, 448! Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Kirk! British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, Carson, 121! Tanganyika Plateau, Carson! Nyasaland : various localities, Purves, 64! Whyte, 71! 284! Kirk! Waller! Meller! Scott- Elliot, 8502! Buchanan, 32! 84! 1000! 1340! Scott! Rhodesia: Buluwayo, Rand, 161! 432 XC, SCROPHULARIACE&® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). — [Cyeniwm. fa Also in South Africa. C. adonense, var. adscendens, Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc.’ xxix. 123, collected by Speke & Grant in Karagwe, Unyoro, &e., is only a small-flowered form. GC. Verdickii, De Wild. Etudes F1. Katanga, 125.¢. 6. Stems numerous, prostrate, ascending or erect, 5-64 in. long, scabridly pubes- scent especially towards the base and on the young parts, furnished with scarious bracts at the base; internodes 5—74 lin. long. Leaves sessile, opposite or subopposite, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 1-3 in. long (the middle ones usually longest), 4-1 in. broad, long-cuneate at the base, almost petiolate, crenate-serrate, prominently nerved, with scattered hairs more numerous on the under side, especially on the nerves, scabrid. Flowers solitary or in pairs, slightly supra-axillary. Pedicels 2-64 lin. long; bracteoles linear, 24-3 lin. long, entire or 2-toothed, attached under the calyx or sometimes united more or less to it. Calyx tubular, 14-2 in. long, with scattered hairs, scabrid; lobes triangular, 13-5 lin. long, acute or subacute. Corolla at first white, soon turning clear blue, at length violet; tube 24-3 in. long, narrow, straight, glandular- pubescent outside; lobes obovate, about 14 lin. long, the upper about twice as broad as the others and slightly bilobed at the apex. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, compressed.—C’. adonense, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 777, not of HK. Meyer. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; near Cazella, Welwitsch, 5868 ! Huilla ; near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 5779! South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; Katanga Plateau, Verdick ; near Lukafu, Verdick, 21€, 355 3. ©. Buchneri, Lngl. in Hngl. Jahrb. xviii 73. Apparently a perennial herb; stem _procumbent, branched, more than a ft. long, minutely pubescent or in places glabrescent ; internodes 2—2$ lin. long. Leaves distant, shortly petiolate, “oblong or the upper Seaweed 24—5 in. long, Ue —20 lin. broad, rigid, shining, glabrous below, minutely pubescent chiefly on the nerves at the base and slightly scabrid above, crenate-serrate, acute, with the nerves and densely reticulate veins prominent on both sides especially below; petioles 1-2 lin. long. Flowers axillary, opposite. Pedicels 5—9 lin. long; bracteoles linear, 1 lin. long. Calyx tubular, 2-24 in. long, 34-4 lin. broad, glabrous ; lobes 2—24 lin. long and broad, marines Corolla white, blue- ‘black when dry ; tube 24 in. long, 13-2 lin. broad, glandular-puberulous ; limb up to 21 in. in diam. ; lobes broadly obovate, i in. long, nearly 10 lin. broad. Ovary ovoid, 2— 2h lin. long. Lower Guinea. Angola: near Mudeng, Buchner, 588! by the River Quango Teuscez, 516. 4, ©. Camporum, Lngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 73. Stems ascend- ing, often about 1 ft.long, sparingly branched, densely and shortly pilose, leafy; branches erect-spr eading, sometimes supra-axillary, 4—8 in. long ; internodes 14—2 in. long. Leaves usually opposite or subopposite, sessile or very shortly petiolate, lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 1—3} (often 14-2) in. long, 4-1 in. broad, serrulate or crenate-serrate, sentio, aut ye yi —Cycnium. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 433 narrowed to the base, shortly pilose chiefly on the midrib and veins beneath, often scabrid on both sides. Flowers usually opposite, supra- axillary (often inserted 2—3 lin. above the axils of the leaves.) Pedicels 3-7 lin. long; bracteoles linear, 2-24 lin. long. Calyx tubular, $—2 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad in flower, campanulate, 54-5 lin. broad in fruit, 10-ribbed, hispidly pubescent; lobes ovate, broadly lanceolate or broadly oblong, 1-34 lin. long, 1-1 lin. broad, acute or sometimes obtuse. 2 o. Corolla white or pale yellow; tube 14-1? in. long, densely glandular- pilose, slightly gibbous about 4} in. from the limb; lmb 3-14 in. long, 1-1} in. broad; upper lp 43-8 lin. long, 6—11 lin. broad, emarginate ; lobes of the lower lip suborbicular-obovate, 5—7 lin, long, 4-7 lin. broad. Filaments bearded; anthers narrowly oblong, 13 lin. long. Style 7 lin. long, thickened in the upper part. Fruit broadly oblong, 43-5 lin. long, 3-31 lin. broad, obtuse, indehiscent ?—Engl. in Schlechter, Westafr. Kautsch.-Exped. 314; Durand & Schinz, Etudes FI. Congo, i. 213. Upper Guinea. [French Guinea: Erimakuna, Scott-H#iliot, 5729! Togo: Misah6he, Baumann! Bismarckburg, Kling, 181, Buettner, 344, 627; near Kewe, Schlechter, 12949! Gold Coast: Kpong, Johnson, 962! Lagos: Lagos, Phillips, 29! Ogbomoshaw, Barter, 3398! between Ado and Ischin, Rowland ! Wile Land. Jur: by the River Wau, Schweinfurth, 1645! Jur Ghattas, 1893! Niamniam: Nabambisso River, Schweinfurth, 3048! Uganda: Sibu, Nandi, James ! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Smith! Laurent, 16,199. Angola: River Quango, Buettner. South Central. Congo Free State: between Nyangwe and Kimbundu, Pogge, 1018. C. Dewevrei, De Wild. & Durand in Comptes-rendus Soc. Bot. Belg., xxxviii. 129 (Lower Congo; near Tchia, Dewevre) we have not seen, but from the description we suspect that it is only a form of C. Camporum. The breadth of the leaves and the length of the peduncles are greater, but C. Camporum varies considerably in the dimensions of its parts. C. Dewevret, var. minor, De Wild. & Durand, l.c. 131, appears to be typical C. Camporum. 5. ©. brachycalyx, Schweinf. in Verh. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, xvili. 681. Plant shrubby at the base, everywhere pubescent ; stem herbaceous, | ft. high, sparingly branched, angular. Leaves subsessile, lanceolate, 24 in. long, 1 in. broad, thin, cuneate at the base, acute or rather obtuse at the apex, coarsely serrate-dentate, pubescent-scabrid on both sides. Flowers solitary, opposite, somewhat remotely supra- . axillary, equalling the leaves. Pedicels nearly 4 as long as the calyx ; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 4-5 times as long as broad, sometimes 0. Calyx campanulate, 1 in. long, greyish-pubescent especially at the base, 5-lobed almost to the middle; lobes ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, the 3 lower broader than the others. Corolla-tube 1—i{ in. long, suberect, pubescent outside and at the throat inside; limb 63-74 lin. in diam., sparsely puberulous or glabrate inside and outside; lobes orbicular. Anthers 14 lin. long. Wile Land. Gallabat: by the River Gendua, Schweinfurth, 247, VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 2F 434 XCIT. SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Cycnium. 6. C. questieauxianum, De Wild. Ztudes Ml. Katanga, 124, t. 4. Stems erect, about 10 in. long, bearing some scarious bracts at the base, glabrous or furnished with small scattered hairs ; internodes }#—1? in. long. Leaves opposite or subopposite, sessile or the lower with a short petiole, oblong or the upper oblong-lanceolate, 14-2 in. long (the middle ones longest), 2-34 lin. broad, rigid, glabrous, irregularly crenate. Flowers racemose. Pedicels $-1 in. long; bracteoles linear about 5 lin. long and } lin. broad, attached near the summit of the pedicels. Calyx tubular, 64-74 lin. long, glabrous; lobes about 4 lin. long, narrow, acute. Corolla-tube about ! in. long, narrow, slightly inflated towards the middle and curved, glandular-pubescent outside; lobes obovate, 74 lin. long, the upper about twice as broad as the others and slightly bilobed at the apex. Ovary glabrous, compressed ; style shorter than the stamens, with an elongated stigma. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; near Lukafu, Verdichk, 165. 7. ©. tomentosum, Mngl. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vi. 29. A large herb with the stems and the underside of the leaves, especially on the nerves fulvous-tomentose; lower internodes 13-2 in. long; upper internodes 7-12 lin. long. Leaves oblong-elliptic, about 2 in. long, 12-13 lin. broad, subcoriaceous, acute at both ends, crenate-serrate ; lateral nerves several, ascending. Flowering branches racemose, turned to one side; internodes 5—74 lin. long. Pedicels 24-34 lin. long; bracteoles linear, about 5 lin. long and ? lin. broad, obtuse, tomentase, approximate to the calyx. Calyx about 1} in. long, shortly grey-pilose ; tube about 1 in. long, subcylindric, constricted above, at length slit on one side; lobes lanceolate, 24 lin. long, ? lin. broad. Corolla white, violet when dry; tube obliquely funnel-shaped, up to 23 in. long, curved ; lobes obovate, 1-14 in. long and broad, reticulately veined. Wile Land. Galla Country: Biddume, Riva, 1219. 8. CG. erectum, Rendle in Journ. Bot. 1896, 128. Stem woody, erect, up to 3} ft. long and 24 lin. thick, shortly hispid, sparingly branched above, the cortex and outer layers of the wood tinged with purple ; branches short. Leaves sessile, lanceolate or suboblong from a cuneate base, up to 2 in. long and 10 lin. broad, shortly hispid on both sides, crenate-serrate except at the entire base. Flowers opposite, forming a raceme up to 1 ft. long; bracts similar to the leaves but smaller, about equal in length to the pedicels. Pedicels } in. long, becoming 3 in. long in fruit, somewhat hispid; bracteoles linear-lanceolate, nearly 2 lin. long, inserted under the calyx, somewhat hispid. Calyx tubular, 7-8 lin. long, oblique above through being slit to about the middie on the lower side, equally 5-lobed ; lobes narrowly triangular, acuminate, llin. long. Corolla dark purple when dry; tube 1} in. long, 1 lin. broad in the lower half, widening to 14 lin. broad at the insertion of the stamens; limb delicately veined ; upper lip bifid to the middle; lobes of the lower lip broadly ovate, 3 in. long, } in. broad. Style 27 lin. long. Capsule (unripe) broadly oblong, } in. long, slightly compressed, Cycnium.| XC. SCROPHULARIACEA HEMSLEY AND (SKAN). 435 rounded at the apex, apiculate.——Hngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxvi. 230, C. fruticans. Engl. 1.c. Nile Land. Somaliland: Sheik-Husein, Donaldson-Smith ; between Luku and Sheik-Husein, 4600 ft., Hllenbechk, 1239! Galla Country ; near Walengo, 4900 ft., Ellenbeck, 1294! Imperfectly known species. 9, ©. Bricchettii, Lng. in Ann. [stit. Bot. Roma, vi. 30, Stem IF /fak thickened at the base, 7}—-10 lin. thick, woody; branches 4—6 in. long, woody, much branched below, everywhere shortly and sparsely grey- pilose; internodes 74-10 lin. long. Leaves rather thick, lanceolate, 24—d lin, long, 1-1} lin. broad, entire or few-toothed. Bracts linear or linear-lanceolate. Pedicels very short; bracteoles narrowly linear, about 24 lin. long, $ lin. broad. Calyx campanulate, 21-3 lin. long, grey-pilose ; tube 14-2 lin. long; lobes unequal, #—1 lin. long. Corolla- tube 5 lin. long; lobes of the upper lip shortly obovate, about 1 lin. long ; lobes of the lower lip obovate-oblong, about 44 lin. long. Capsule broadly ovoid, about 24 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, obtuse, 2-valved. Wile Land. Somaliland: Harar, Robecchi-Bricchetti. 46. HARVEYA, Hook.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 967. Calyx campanulate or tubular-campanulate, subinflated or narrow, often oblique, shortly 5-fid or 5-lobed to below the middle. Corolla- tube elongated, usually incurved, equal or usually very much enlarged in the upper part ; limb oblique or subequal; lobes 5, erect-spreading or the lateral reflexed, entire and flat or denticulate and undulate- erisped on the margin; 2 upper lobes inside, sometimes more connate than the others. Stamens 4, didynamous, inciuded or scarcely exserted ; anthers 2-celled; cells parallel or transverse, one perfect, aristate, acuminate or mucronate at the base, the other empty, longer, subulate- acuminate. Ovary 2-celled; placentas affixed to the septum, peltate, 2-fid or 2-partite; ovules very numerous in each cell. Style incurved or involute; stigma tongue-shaped, clavate or oblong. Capsule ovoid or ellipsoid, loculicidai; valves entire or scarcely 2-fid. Seeds very numerous, oblong ; testa loose, reticulate, hyaline; nucellus very small. —Parasitic usually glandular-hairy herbs, often coloured in the living state, blackish when dry. Leaves opposite or alternate, mostly (espe- cially the lower) reduced to scales. Flowers axillary or in terminal racemes or spikes, 2-bracteolate or ebracteolate, large, usually brightly coloured. Species about 28, mostly in South Africa, with 1 in the Mascarene Islands, Corolla large ; limb more than 1 in. in diam. Calyx oblique; corolla-tube 2-23 in. long; style included , : : ; 0 ¢ . 1. H. versicolor. Calyx equal; corolla-tube 13-2 in. long; style exserted . : c ‘ : : . 2. H, andongensis. 436 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Harveya- Corolla smaller; limb 1 in. or less in diam. Plant quite ¢ Piabe ous : : : 6 3 oO. -H. Thonnert. Plant more or less glandular- ilose! Plant 8-12 in. high . : : : ¢ . 4. HH, obtusifolia. Plant 3-6 in. high. Plant nearly glabrous; stems leafless; style nearly 2 in. long : ; 6 . 6. H. liebuschiana. Plant densely glandular: silo ¢ stems with several leaves or leafy bracts; style 1j- 13 in. long : . : , G . 6. A. huillensis. . H. versicolor, Lngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 362. Stems simple, me in. high, rather slender, sparingly pilose, few-leaved ; internodes 2-3 in. lone Leaves opposite or subopposite, lanceolate or linear- lanceolate, 3-1 in. long, 14-24 lin. broad, somewhat obtuse, pilose, scabrid. lowers few, solitary i in the axils of the upper leaves. Pedicels +1 in. long, erect, pilose. Calyx tubular-campanulate, very oblique, 2-1 in. long, glandular-pilose ; tube $-? in. long, 4-5 lin. broad at the apex; lobes triangular, 24-4 lin. long, 14-2} lin. broad at the base, acuminate. Corolla-tube 2-2} in. long, 6-64 lin. broad at the top, yellow; limb about 1#in. in diam., violet ; upper lip about 1 in. long and 12 in. broad ; ones of the low er lip suborbicular, 7-9 lin. in diam. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Msalala and Ugogo, Hannington ! Ukome, Stuhlmann, 3425, 3437! Wally River, Bohm, 97. 2. Hl. andongensis, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 780. A herb 10-14 in. high; stem erect, vather slender, simple or sparingly branched, more or less densely glandular-pilose, scaly at the base, nearly leafless at least on the lower half. Upper leaves few, opposite to alter- nate, sessile, ovate-oblong or narrowly oblong, 5-7 lin. long, suberect, acute, entire, more or less densely glandular-pilose. Flowers feetid, solitary at the end of the stems and enone or more usually in a very lax 2-4-flowered cyme. Pedicels ?-14 in. long, suberect, densely glan- dular-pilose. Calyx cylindric or tubular-campanulate, regular, 3? in. long, densely glandular-pilose ; tube 6—7 lin. long, 3-4 lin. broad ; lobes deltoid-ovate, 2-4 lin. long, 14 lin. broad at the base, somewhat acute. Corolla-tube funnel- we deep yellow with longitudinal brown stripes, glandular-pilose outside, 1}—-2 in. long, 1+ lin. broad at the base, much enlarged above, 6-7 lin. bread at the apex, distinctly curved; limb spreading, 14-2 in. in diam., blood-red, whitish rose with 2 brown dots at the base, Da at the throat ; lobes rounded, 3-1 in. in diam. Style exserted ; stigma subglobose.—H. macrantha, Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 369. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; Panda forests, between Qui- binde and Quitage, W Blt 5867! by the River Kauled 4300 ft., Baum, 869! 3. H. Thonneri, De Wild. 4 Durand, Pl. Thonner. Congol. 35, t. 6. An erect saprophytic yellow glabrous herb, 4—8 in. high, drying blackish ; internodes about 74 lin. long. Leaves opposite, sessile, bract-like, ovate, 41 in. long, somewhat longer than the pedicels, pale yellow, more or Harveya.| ° XCIl. SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 437 less acute. Flowers several, solitary in the axils of the upper leaves, Opposite. Calyx Balan, about 3 in. long and } in. broad ; lobes oblong, triangular, about + the length af the tube. Corolla pale yellow, citron- yellow at the “haga tube funnel-shaped, oblique, about 14 in. long, 2 lin. broad at the base, more or less recurved and inflated at the apex where it is about J in. br oad; upper lobe } in. broad, somewhat larger than the lower, shortly bifid. Style s lightly longer than the corolla- tube; stigma capitate. Capsule ovate-elliptic. South Central. Congo Free State: Bobi, near Gali, 1500 ft., Thonner, 37. 4. EX. obtusifolia, Vuthe in Abhandl. Naturw. Ver. Bremen, 1x. 130. A more or less densely glandular-pilose herb; stems simple, erect, 8-12 in. high, }-2 lin. thick. Leaves opposite or subopposite ; lowermost small, scale-like; upper lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 3-1? in. long, 1-3 lin. broad, obtuse or acute, entire. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves, opposite. Pedicels 1}—7 lin. long, erect. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 6-10 lin. (One, more or legs densely glan- dular-pilose ; tube 34-5! lin. long, about 34 lin. broad ; lobes lanceolate- triangular, unequal, eS —) lin. long, 1-13 hn. broad at the base, acute. Corolia- tube 10-15 lin. long, somewhat funnel-shaped, incurved, more or less distinctly ventricose above, 11—2 lin. broad at the base, 5-54 lin. broad at the apex, glandular- pilose ; ; limb 2-1 in. in diam., oe: lobes suborbicular, 3—5 lin. in diam. Style as long as the Gor olla-tube ; stigma Jarge, capitate. oe ovoid or ellipsoid, about 4 in. long, beaked. —KEngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 362. Audaya obtusifolia, Bentl in DC, Prodr, x. 523. Gerardia obtusifolia, Benth. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1.211. Sopubia obtusifolia, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 560. Mozamp. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Bumbuli, Meinhof, 22! Doda, Holst, 2952! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Songwe and tKaronga, 1700-2000 ft., Whyte! Also in Madagascar. 5. H. liebuschiana, Hngl. WSS. bd4 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [Sopubia. entire. Pedicels opposite or very rarely solitary, never verticillate,. 4-1} in. long, exceeding or subequalling the floral leaves; bracteoles filiform, {-2 lin. long, mostly inserted near the middle of the pedicel. Calyx scarcely 12 lin. long; teeth ovate-oblong, scarcely } lin. long and broad, very obtuse. Corolla small ; lobes obovate-rounded, 2 lin. long, 21 lin. broad. Capsule (immature) oblong, obscurely emarginate. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa : Rhodesia ; Salisbury, Rand, 158! 17. S. lanata, Hngl. in Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 67. A robust erect herb or undershrub up to 14 ft. high or more, nearly everywhere more or less densely grey-woolly ; stem woody at the base, up to 2 lin. thick, branched chiefly in the upper part, very densely leafy ; branches short, nearly erect. Leaves subverticillate, lmear-lanceolate or linear, 14-1# in. long, 1-14 lin. broad, acute, slightly revolute. Flowers somewhat crowded along the uppermost parts of the stems and branches, dis- tinctly pedicellate. Pedicels 2—5 lin. long; bracteoles linear, 45-43 lin. long. Calyx 44 lin. long, densely woolly outside and on the inside of the teeth and bearing numerous small orange-yellow excrescences on. the inside of the tube; teeth linear or linear-triangular, 24-2} lin. long. Corolla rose, about 5 lin. long, 7-8 lin. in diam.; lobes broadly obovate or suborbicular, 3-34 lin. long and broad. Perfect anther- cell oblong or ellipsoid, 14 lin. long. Style 54-5? lin. long, sparingly pilose at the base. Capsule shortly oblong, 24 lin. long, about 2 lin. for) broad, sparingly pilose, rounded at the apex. Seeds }~4 lin. long, Vv truncate at both ends.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl]. Welw. 1. 774. Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; banks of the Luxillo streams near Quibinda, Welwitsch, 5863! Pedras de Guinga, Welwitsch, 5356! near Malange,. Teusez, 460. We have not seen the specimens from British East Africa and German East Africa (Stuhlmann, 2091, Goetze, 1079), referred by Eagler (Engl. Jahrb. xviii. 67, and xxx. 408) to 8S. Janata. We suspect that they belong to S. densiflora or S. Carsoni,. eastern species, the material of which we found mixed up in the Kew Herbarium with S. lanata. ‘Yhis remark also applies to S. lanata, var. angustifolia, Engl. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 27, from the Galla Country (Riva, 1285). rs 18. S. Monteiroi, Skan. A bushy plant about 2-2} ft. high, very closely resembling S. lanata, Engl. It appears to be more slender, is much more branched, has narrower leaves and distinctly smaller flowers. Pedicels scarcely 1 lin. long; bracteoles linear, 24 lin. long. Calyx 24 lin. long, densely woolly as in S. danata ; teeth linear-triangular,. 14 lin. long. Corolla pale lavender, 34 lin. long, 43-5 lin. in diam. ; lobes suborbicular, about 14 lin. in diam. Perfect anther-cell oblong,, 14-1} lin. long. Ovary woolly. Style 3} lin. long, lanceolate at the apex.. Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Bembe, Monteiro ! 19. S. densiflora, Shan. More robust than S. anata, which it closely resembles, more densely leafy, with the leaves rather shorter, and distinct in having the flowers sub-essile in dense spikes 1-5 in.. long. Bracteoles linear-lanceolate, 4 in. long. Calyx similar to that of S. lanata. Corolla 54 lin. long, 64-7 lin, in diam. ; lobes suborbicular,, | | Sopubia. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEH (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 455 gpant fin. in diam. Perfect anther-cells oblong, 14 lin. long. Style 5% lin. long, shortly and sparingly pubescent, broadly lanceolate at the apex. Capsule subglobose, about 2 lin. long and broad, sparingly pilose. Seeds 4 lin. long, truncate at both ends. Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa: Livingstone Range, east of Lake Nyasa, Johnson! British Central Africa: South Nyika Mountains, 4000-7000 ft., Whyte ! 20. S. Carsoni, Shan. A robust erect undershrub up to 2 ft. high or more, branched chiefly in the upper part, densely white-woolly ; stem 2-21 lin. in diam. at the hase, terete, very densely leafy; branches mostly short, nearly erect. Teaves entire, usually i in whorls of 3, with tufts of smaller leaves in their axils, linear, #14 in. long, 2—3lin. broad, acute, slightly revolute. Flowers subsessile in mone or less interrupted terminal spikes up to 4} in. long. Bracteoles linear or linear-lanceolate, 2-2} lin. long. Calyx 3-32 lin. long, very densely white-woolly cutside and on the teeth inside, bearing numerous small orange-yellow excres- cences chiefly in 10 longitudinal rows =i 5 teeth linear -triangular, 2 2 irae long. Corolla 415 lin. long, 53 lin. in diam.; lobes obovate, 23-22 lin. long, 2-27 lin. ‘broad. Perfect anther-cell oblong, 1-1} lin. ioe * Crean densely woolly; style 5-3} lin. long, pubescent pelo! narrowly lanceolate at the apex. Mozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Urungu; Fwambo, 5000 ft.,. Carson, 77 | Nutt! Very near S. densiflora and differs chiefly in having its subsessile flowers much less crowded in longer narrower spikes; its indumentum consists of whiter less adpressed hairs ; the calyx is more densely woolly; the corolla is smaller; and the style is much narrower at the apex. 21. S. conferta, S. Moore in Journ. Linn. Soc, xxxvii.191. Plant rigid, erect, up to 16 in. high; stems simple, scarcely ¢ lin. thick, fur- rowed, shortly grey- -villous-tomentose in the furrows) soon becoming glabrous. Leaves crowded, subverticillate, narrowly linear, —10 lin. long, ! }—} lin. broad, acute, spreading, at first bearing some very > alemdlse whitish insta, quickly g glabrescent. Flowers sessile in very dense broadly oblong terminal spikes - up to 2 in. long or more; bracts linear-lanceolate, about 5 lin. longs and 1} lin. broad, densely villous-woolly on the margin. Calyx 34 lin. lane densely woolly ; teeth triangular-deltoid,. 1} lin. long, Hennes Corolla pale crimson ; tube funnel-shaped, slightly curved, 34 lin. long, about 1 lin. broad above; lobes ovate, shorter than. the tube. Anthers coherent in pairs; perfect cells oblong, 14 lin. long. Capsule ovoid, 2} lin. long, 14 lin. broad, glabrous, compressed above, beaked. Mozamb. Dist. German Hast Africa : Ruchigga, 6500-7000 ft., Bagshawe, 529 ! 22. S. ugandensis, S. JJoore in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxvii. 192. Plant about 1 ft. high; stems rigid, erect, stout, simple below, branched. above, subterete, 14—2 lin. in diam., pubescent along broad lines, other- wise glabrous ; branches spreading, very densely leafy, up to 2 in. long 456 XCII. SCROPHULARIACE& (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Sopubia. without inflorescence. Leaves subverticillate, sessile, trifid about as far as the middle, rarely bifid or entire, usually 5-10 lin. long, narrowly linear, somewhat obtuse, involute on the margin, scabrid ; segments narrowly linear, 23-7} lin. long, scarcely } lin. broad. Flowers sessile in dense cylindric terminal spikes up to 2 in. long and 74 lin. broad; bracts dilated and concave below, trifid above, the uppermost entire, about 5 lin. long, 24 lin. broad below; segments linear, 34 lin. long, 4 lin. broad; bracteoles ovate-spathulate, 3 lin. long, obtuse, with a claw 4 lin. broad and a blade 14 lin. broad. Calyx 44 lin. long ; teeth ovate- lanceolate, acuminate, 23 lin. long, ciliate. Corolla red; tube 3 lin. long, slightly and gradually dilated upwards; lobes very broadly obovate, 2 lin. long. Anthers soon becoming free; perfect cells 1 lin. long. Capsule ovoid, scarcely 24 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, somewhat compressed at the apex, retuse; valves entire. Seeds obiong or narrowly ovoid, truncate, minutely scrobiculate, fuscous. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mpororo; below Ruchigga, Bagshawe, 502! Imperfectly known species. 23. S. Candei, Zerracciano in Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1892, 424. Leaves simple or 3-partite, very long, rush-like, apiculate. Peduncles geniculate and 2-bracteolate at the middle. Calyx-teeth obovate, hyaline at the margin. Corolla 3 times longer than the calyx-teeth [or calyx 2]. Nile Land. Somaliland: Gerar-Amaden, Candeo. 02. BAUMTA, Engl. & Gilgin Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 365, t. 9. Calyx narrow-campanulate, slightly constricted at the top of the tube, about 4 in. long; tube strongly 10-ribbed ; lobes 5, nearly equal, short, triangular. Corolla-tube cylindrical, not exceeding the calyx; limb about 4 in. across, nearly equally 5-lobed ; lobes rounded, reflexed. Stamens 4, nearly equal, very shortly exserted; filaments filiform ; anthers glabrous, free, one cell perfect, opening longitudinally, the other much reduced, club-shaped. Ovary glabrous, 2-celled; ovules numerous in each cell; style glabrous, slightly overtopping the stamens, thickened towards the tip, curved downwards, with a line of hairs on the under- side of the curve. Capsule orbicular, compressed, enclosed in the calyx. Seeds unknown. Species 1, endemic. There is little, if anything, beyond the free anthers to separate this from Sopubia. 1. B. angolensis, Lngl. & Gilg, l.c. 366. An erect slender hispid annual herb, 9-12 in. high. Stem simple or slightly branched above the middle. Leaves opposite, 1—2 in. long, deeply pinnatifid ; lobes 3-7, linear, costate. Flowers subsessile, solitary in the axils of the upper Jeaves, and in short, terminal spikes, about } in. long. Bracteoles 2, Baumia. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACE® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 457 lanceolate, costate, equalling the calyx, somewhat obtuse. Calyx coarsely hairy outside, glabrous within ; lobes about a quarter the length of the tube. Corolla-limb about 4 in. across. Lower Guinea. Angola: by the River Onschingue, not far from the River Kuito, 4000 ft., Bawm, 785! 53. MICRARGERIA, Benth.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 971. Calyx campanulate, shortly 5-toothed ; teeth semi-ovate cr narrowly ‘deltoid, obtuse or acute. Corolla-tube exserted, enlarged above, often incurved; limb slightly two-lipped, spreading; lobes 5, entire, sub- equal, the two upper inside. Stamens 4, slightly didynamous, included ; anthers free, 2-celled; cells distinct, parallel or slightly arched, affixed at the apex, obtuse or apiculate at the base, both fertile, nearly quite equal or 1 cell of each anther, especially of the lower stamens, distinctly shorter than the other. Style slightly thickened at the apex, elongated, obtuse; ovules numerous. Capsule globose or subglobose, loculicidai and septicidal ; valves 2 or 4. Seeds numerous, small, oblong-cuneate ; testa rather loose.—Slender rigid erect often scabrid branched herbs, ‘drying blackish. Lower leaves opposite or sometimes all alternate, linear, entire, or trifid. Flowers small, in the axils of the upper leaves or in terminal racemes, 2-bracteolate.—Gerardianella, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 229, t. 36. Species 4, 1 in India and 1 in the Mascarene Islands. Plant puberulous, scabrid ; capsule 14-1? lin. in diam. 1. I. scopiformis, Plant glabrous, smooth ; capsule 2-2} lin.in diam. . 2. UM. Barteri. 1. M. scopiformis, Hngl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 359. A slender rigid erect annual herb 1—2} feet high, minutely puberulous and very scabrid on all the green parts; stem subtetragonal, usually simple below, very much branched above; branches erect-spreading, very slender, up to 1 ft. long ormore. Leaves opposite, narrowly linear or filiform, {—2 in. long, erect or erect- “spreading. Flowers nearly always opposite in loose terminal racemes 13-6 in. long. Bracts similar to the leaves but “smaller. Pedicels #—4 lin. long; bracteoles narrowly linear or subulate, 3-2 lin. long. Calys campanulate, 13-24 lin. long, 10-nerved; teeth deltoid or ovate, 4-1 lin. long, acute. Corolla pale purple or whitish rosy, purple- -striate near the base of the tube, 4-5 lin. long and about the same in diam. at the base, campanulate, contracted at the base into a short tube, densely pubescent outside; lobes suborbicular, #—14 lin. in diam., obtuse or acute. Anthers quite distinct, 2-celled, with both cells fertile; cells subequal or usually one (ses in the lower anthers) ahismateahy larger than the other; larger cell 4-14 lin. long ; smaller cell 4—#? lin. long. Style 14-8 lin. long. Capsule subglobose, slightly compressed, 1} “13 lin. in diam. “usually, quite glabrous. ~ Engl. & Gilg in Baum, amen Samb. Exped. 360. Gerardianella scopt- Jormis, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 229, t. 36. Sopubia 458 XCII, SCROPHULARIACEZ (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [MJierargeria.. scopiformis, Vatke in Linnea, xhii. 313. S. filiformis, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 560. S. filiformis, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 772. Gerardia. filimormis, Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 272. Upper Guinea. (Gold Coast: near Ningo and Prampram, Thonning. Shai Plains, Johnson, 576! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 271! Nile Land. Jur: Jur Ghattas, Sehweinfurth, 2294! Bongo: Sabbi River,. Schweinfurth, 2736! between Mombasa and Lamu, Whyte ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Huilla; Morro de Monino, Welwitsch, 5830! near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 5831! near Manonge on the River Kuebe, about 4500 ft.,. Baum, 851. WMozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara; Duga, Holst, 3191! lower platean, north of Lake Nyasa, Thomson! Portuguese East Africa: Querimba (Kerimba) Islands, Peters. British Central Africa : Nyasaland; Kondowe to. Karonga, 2000-6000 f{t., Whyte! Manganja Hills, 4000 ft., Kirk! Thomson’s specimen from the north of Lake Nyasa has a densely puberulous. capsule. 2. M. Barteri, Skan. In every respect the same as J/. scopi- Jormis, except that all the green parts are glabrous and smooth instead. of minutely puberulous and scabrid, and the capsule slightly larger (2-24 lin. in diam.). Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria: Nupe, in wet places, Barter, 755! 1706 ! 54. BARTSIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 977. Calyx tubular or campanulate, usually 4-lobed, some of the lobes. sometimes again divided or toothed. Corolla-tube slender and cylin- drical with a distinctly 2-hpped limb, or ventricose with an almost equally 5-lobed limb; when 2-lipped, the upper lip helmet-shaped enclosing the stamens, the lower lip 3-lobed, spreading ; corolla almost. personate in one species. Stamens 4, didynamous, included; anther- cells 2, equal, parallel, usually bearded and mucronate. Style entire, capitate or tongue-shaped, included or slightly exserted. Capsule globose, ovoid or oblong and compressed, usually exceeding the calyx, septicidal ; valves often splitting to the middle; placenta thick or thin. Seeds numerous, oblong or reniform, longitudinally ribbed or winged. —Herbs, usually erect, annual or perennial, sometimes shrubby, usually hispid or viscous. Leaves opposite, crenate, serrate, pinnatifid or entire, gradually smaller upwards. Flowers solitary in the axils, sessile or shortly pedicellate, ebracteolate, lower ofteu distant, upper densely clustered. Species about 60, inhabiting Europe, extra-tropical Asia, North Africa, and mountains of Tropical Africaand America. ‘Two or three species are widely dispersed. as colonists. } Annual. Corolla almost personate ; lower lip unequally 3-lobed ; palate inflated in two ridges; seeds rela- tively small, longitudinally ribbed or striate. . I. Bi Trizage. Bartsia. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 45. Perennials. Corolla various ; secds longitudinally winged. Herbs. Corolla cylindrical below, then abruptly ven- tricose, nearly equally 5-lobed. Corolla abruptly curved; stems simple or with a few loose branches 5 : . : Corolla not abruptly curved; stems relatively stout ; ley es more than 1 in. long abyssinica. Stems slender; leaves 4—} in. long : . 4. B. petitiana. Undershrubs. Aevolla long, cylindrical guroustioute limb distinctly 2 lipped. Corolla-tube straight or nearly so. be B. Mannii. oe x Calyx-lobes shorter than the tube, rounded . d. B. longiftora. Calyx- -lobes as long the tube, almost acute . 6. B. similis. Corolla-tube distinctly curved. Relat:vely slender; leaves 4-3 in. long. . V. B. kilimandscharica. Larger in all parts; leaves $-lin. long . . 8. B decurva. 1. B. Trixago, Linn. Sp. Pl.ed.i.602. Annual, somewhat hispid, 6-15 in. high. Stems simple or slightly branched in the inflorescence. ts sessile, thick but not rigid, spreading, narrow-lanceolate, 1-24 n. long, distantly and coarsely “toothed or shallowly pinnatifid ; cael ae tip obtuse; primary veins 4 or 5 on each side, terminating in the sinuses between the teeth. Inflorescence terminal, usually unbranched, very dense, usually 2—3 but ranging from 1—5 in. long; floral leaves or bracts nearly as long as the flowers. Flowers sessile, yellow, 6-8 lin. across. Calyx 3-4 lin. long, densely tomentose, thick ; lobes slightly unequal, very obtuse or rounded, shorter than the tube. Corolla 6-7 lin. long; tube s slightly exceeding the calyx; upper lip galeate, enclosing the slightly bearded anthers ; lower lip broad, unequally three-lobed, middle lobe smallest, spreading; palate longitudinally bigibhous. Filaments glabrovs, dilated downwards. Ovary hirsute; style puberu- lous. Seeds very small, reniform, longitudinally ribbed.—Sibth. & Smith, Fl. Greea, vi. 68, t. 585. Buchnera africana, Linn. Pl. Rar. Afr. 13; Ameen. Acad. vi. 89. Bellardia Trixago, All. Fl. Pedem. 1.61; Hiern in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 419. Zriwago apula, Stev. in Mem. Soc. Nat. Mose. vi. 4; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 134. Bartsia rhinanthoides, Hochst. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 543. Nile Land. Abyssinia: various localities, Schimper, 839! 981! 1207! Steudner, 791 ! Also in the Mediterranean region and South Africa and colonised in several other countries. Wethink it probable that it wes originally introduced into South Africa, inasmuch as we have seen no specimens from the country between that and Abyssinia. 2, B. Mannii, Hemsl. Perennial, very rigidly hispid, 2-3 ft.. high. Stems simple or branches few, spreading, at length woody; internodes nearly as long as the leaves. Leaves shortly but distinctly stalked, thick, rigid, spreading, narrowly lanceolate, 4-14 in. long, floral gradually smaller, obtuse, base rounded; venation strong, with about four primary veins on each side; margin broadly ‘crenate. 460 XCII. SCROPHULARIACEE (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). [ Bartsia. Flowers about 4 in. in diam., solitary in the axils of the reduced leaves, pairs not overlapping each other, often distant; peduncles shorter than the calyx, without bracteoles. Calyx about 3 lin. long, distinctly ribbed ; lobes nearly equal, longer than the tube, ovate-oblong, obtuse, thickened at the margin and with or without one or more crenatures. Corolla pubescent outside, very obliquely campanulate, longitudinally veined ; tube shorter than the limb, abruptly curved at the top; limb -almost equally 5-lobed; lobes broad, rounded. Anthers bearded. Capsule oblong, about 4 in. long, hairy, truncate. Seeds very numerous, -oblong, longitudinally 7-winged on the back ; wings broad, conspicuously transversely ribbed.—Bartsia abyssinica, Hook. f. in Journ. Linn. Soe. vil. 209, scarcely of Hochst. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. x. 545. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Cameroon Mountain, 7000-9000 ft., Mann, 1264! 1986! Although evidently closely allied, we are of opinion that the Cameroons plant is specifically different from the Abyssinian. 3. B. abyssinica, Hochst. ex Benth.in DC. Prodr.x.545. Perennial, very hispid, 1-2} ft. high. Stems densely branched in the inflorescence ; ‘branches suberect ; internodes very short. Leaves subsessile, thick, vigid, spreading, crowded, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 1-1} in. long, largest } in. broad, obtuse, base rounded, crenatures numerous. Flowers about } in. in diam., densely crowded. Calyx-lobes unequal, -anterior longer with two or three crenatures, shorter than the tube. Corolla pubescent outside ; tube less abruptly curved than in L. Mannie -and lobes more strongly veined. Anthers bearded. Capsule ovoid, pubescent, about + in. long. Seeds longitudinally winged ; wings with faint transverse ribs.—Alectra abyssinica, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. u1. 118; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 98. Wile Land. Abyssinia: Mount Scholoda, Schimper, 356! 1531 ! 4. B. petitiana, Hemsl. Perennial, hispid, slender, 6-18 in. high, but usually less than a foot. Stems simple. Leaves sessile, rigid, -oblong, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 4-4 in. long, ascending, obtuse, rounded or cordate at the base, and usually with 5-7 crenatures -on each side. Flowers about 4 in. in diam., pairs overlapping ; pedicels shorter than the calyx. Calyx-lobes nearly equal, about as long as the tube, entire, broad, rounded. Corolla pubescent, less oblique than in B. Mannii; tube relatively longer and less abruptly curved at the top; lobes rounded, nearly equal. Capsule 4—5 lin. long, hairy. Seeds broadly winged.—Alectra petitiana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. il. 118. Wile Land. Abyssinia: Wojerat, Petit, 216! Ankober, Roth, 460! and without precise locality, Schimper, 719! Mozamb. Dist. Kilimanjaro: above Mamba, Volkens, 780! British “Central Africa: Nyasaland; Nyika Plateau at 7500 ft., MceClounie, 60 ! There is a specimen at Kew from the Cameroon Mountain, at 8000 ft. (Johnston), which may be this species. Engler (Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 384) unites B. petitiana with B. abyssinica. Bartsia. | XCII. SCROPHULARIACEA (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). 461 . B. longiflora, /ochst. ex Benth. in DC. Prodr. x.545, Shrubby,. 14-3 ft. high, glandular-hairy and villous. Stems rigid, sometimes ama branched. Leaves longer than the internodes, subsessile, oblong or the upper ovate-lanceolate, mostly #-1} in. long, crenate, flat. Flowers shortly stalked, 14-14 in. long. Calyx densely clothed with. coarse hairs, glandular, 6- or 7-lobed; lobes shorter than the tube, very obtuse or rounded, upper one sometimes trifid. Corolla slightly hairy, about 1 in. long; tube straight; upper lip galeate, erect, enclosing the stamens ; lower lip about ¢ in. across, nearly equally 3-lobed; lobes. spathulate-rotundate, undulate. Anthers cordate, bearded. Ovary hairy ; style glabrous, slightly exserted. Capsule a little longer than the calyx.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1. 184; Engl. Hochgebirgsfi. Trop. Afr. 384. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Mount Koubi, Schimper, 418! Wojerat, Schimper, . 853! Samen, Steudner, 796! British Kast Africa: Aberdare Mountains, James ! 6. B. similis, Hems/. Shrubby, 2-3 ft. high, obscurely glandular- hairy. Stems rigid, erect, branched. Leaves longer than the inter- nodes, subsessile, oblong-lanceolate, $-14 in. long, flat, more deeply erenate than those of Bb. longiflora and glabrescent. Flowers shortly stalked, 1-14 in. long. Calyx glandular, 5-lobed ; lobes nearly equal, narrow, as long as the tube, obtuse or subacute, some of them usually bearing one or more lateral teeth. Corolla puberulous ; lobes nearly eyual and orbicular, overlapping, lateral oblique, margin irregularly toothed. Anthers slightly bearded at the top. Ovary densely strigose ; style glabrous, shortly exserted. Capsule slightly exceeding the calyx. Mozamb. Dist. Kilimanjaro: Kifinika Volcano, 9000-10000 ft., FVolkens, 926)! This is apparently the most robust of the woody species. 7. B. kilimandscharica, Hingl. Hochgebirgsf. Trop. Afr. 384. Shrubby, 1-2 ft. high, very minutely glandular-hairy in almost all parts. Stems rigidly erect, with many slender, erect, almost adpressed branches. Leaves crowded, sessile or subsessile, thick, narrow-oblong, 4—I in. long, bullate-crenate, strongly recurved gine dry. Flowers. pink, very shortly stalked, 3-1 in. long. Calyx 4 4-% in. long, almost equally 4-lobed; lobes united to the middle in lateral pairs, obtuse, often bearing a marginal tooth. Corolla about three times as long as the calyx; tube very slender, strongly curved, hairy inside; limb small, distinctly 2-lipped; upper lip hood-shaped, ‘bearded inside, enclosing the stamens and style; lower lip slightly longer, divided into three - nearly equal almost orbicular lobes, about 1 lin. in diam. Stamens attached near the top of the tube; anthers mucronate at the base, bearded. Ovary very hairy; style very slender, minutely hairy. Capsule oblong, compressed, hairy, about a third longer than the calyx. . Seeds very small, longitudinally winged, but perfect ones not seen.— B. Purtschelleri, Engl. in Hans Meyer ‘“ Across E. Afr. Glaciers,” 370,. name only; Jahrb. xiv. Literaturb. 61. 462 XCII. SCROPHULARIACE® (HEMSLEY AND SKAN). | Bartsia. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Kilimanjaro: last zone of vegetation below perpetual snow, Kirk! 12000 ft., Johnston! Johannes Ravine 11000— 12000 ft., Volkens, 1178 ! 8. B. decurva, Hochst. ew Benth.in DC. Prodr. x. 545. Shrubby, 1-2 ft. high, distinctly glandular-hairy in almost all parts. Stems rigidly erect, with few erect or almost adpressed branches. Leaves crowded, sessile, thick, oblong, from 6-12 lin. long, bullate-crenate recurved when dry and adpressed to the branches. Flowers very shortly stalked, about 1 in. long. Calyx 4-5 lin. long, unequally 5-lobed, the posterior one much shorter, the others narrow-oblong, very obtuse and often furnished with one or two obtuse teeth. Corolla more than twice as long as the calyx; tube wider and more abruptly curved than in B. kilimandscharica, Engl., miuutely hairy inside; limb dis- tinctly 2-lipped ; upper lip hood-shaped, hairy inside and including the bearded mucronate anthers and the clavate style. Ovary very hairy ; style very slightly hairy. Capsule oblong, hairy, a little longer than the calyx. Seeds not seen.—A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1. 135. Wile Land. Abyssinia: side of Mount Silki, Schimper, 1829! Ghaba Valley, Steudner, 798 ! Some of the Andine species are remarkably like this and B. similis, notably B. santolinefolia, Benth., the Huphrasia santolinefolia, H.B. & K. (Nov. Gen, et Sp. ii. t. 166). In foliage they are hardly distinguishable. Orper XCIIT. OROBANCHACEM. (By Otto Stapf.) Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic. Calyx inferior, gamosepalous, 2_5-toothed or -lobed, rarely truncate, or spathaceous and open in front, or consisting of 2 lateral 1—2-toothed or linear divisions which are either quite free or more or less united at the base in front. Corolla gamopetalous, tubular or funnel-shaped in the upper part, usually curved ; limb oblique, 2-lipped or nearly equally 5-lobed; upper lip entire or 2-lobed, lower lip 3-lobed, lobes imbricate, the upper inside. Stamens 4, didynamous, usually inserted below the middle of the corolla- tube and enclosed in it; filaments filiform; anthers dorsifixed, conniving or cohering (by means of hairs) in pairs; cells parallel or slightly diverg- ing, often mucronate, longitudinally dehiscent, both fertile or one empty. Disc hypogynous, obscure or produced anticously into a nectarial gland. Ovary superior, 1-celled; carpels 2, median, rarely 3; style simple, terminal ; stigma orbicular or 2—3-lobed. Placentas 4, separate or contiguous or partly fused in pairs ; ovules very numerous, anatro- pous. Capsule 1-celled, more or less dehiscing with 2 valves. Seeds very numerous, small; testa often foveolate-reticulate ; endosperm fleshy. Embryo globose, of few cells, undifferentiated—Annual or perennial parasitic herbs, almost perfectly destitute of chlorophyll, variously coloured, but never green. Stems usually simple, solitary or fascicled, more or less fleshy. Leaves reduced to, often fleshy, scales, a XCII. OROBANCHACE (STAPF.). 463 few or many. Flowers in terminal racemes or spikes, supported by bracts and often also by bracteoles. Species over 130, almost exclusively in the northern hemisphere, particularly in the warm-temperate regions. Calyx tubular-campanulate, obtusely 4—5-lobed . . I. CISTANCHE. Calyx campanulate, acutely 3—5-dentate or 3—5-fid or split to the base in front and on the back . . 2. OROBANCHE. 1. CISTANCHE, Hoffm. et Link; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 983. Calyx persistent, tubular-campanulate, 4- or 5-lobed ; lobes obtuse, rounded, subequal or the two posticous narrower, Corolla tubular below, more or less funnel-shaped above, more or less curved or at length abruptly bent; limb spreading, oblique, 5-lobed; lobes broad, equal or nearly so. Stamens 4, didynamous, subexserted, inserted deep down in the corolla-tube ; anthers usually densely bearded and coherent by the hairs; cells parallel, often acute or mucronate at the base. Ovary l-celled, with 4 distinct placentas, many-ovuled ; style curved at the apex; stigma large, orbicular. Capsule 2-valved, dehiscing in the median plane. Seeds very numerous, minute, foveolate-reticulate.— Parasitic plants, variously coloured, destitute of chlorophyll, glabrous or cobwebby. Stems succulent, often bulbously thickened at the base, simple. Leaves reduced to fleshy scales. Flowers bracteate and 2-bracteolate, spicate, rather large, white, yellow or purplish. Species about 10 in the dry regions of Portugal, Spain, North Africa, and through the Orient to India. 1. C. lutea, Hojffimg. & Link, Fl. Port.i. 319, t. 63, Stem swollen at the base (often more than 1 in. in diam.), stout, fleshy, like the whole plant (except the stamens and the inside of the corolla-tube), glabrous, $-14 ft. high. Scales fleshy, lurid purplish or tinged with yellow, lower crowded, triangular, caudate-acuminate or acute, upper ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, scattered, } to 1 in. long, margins sometimes thin and more or less transparent. Spike cylindric, rounded at the top, or when young comose by the uppermost bracts, from a few inches to 1 ft. long, usually dense, rarely somewhat lax; bracts ovate-oblong to lanceolate, as long as the calyx or shorter or longer, in substance and colour like the stem-scales ; bracteoles linear, about as long as the calyx. Calyx wide-tubular-campanulate, 6-10 lin. long, rarely longer, 5-lobed to 4 or almost $ of its length; lobes broad, elliptic-oblong, rounded, more or less imbricate, margins membranous. Corolla bright yellow; tube 1—2 in. long, at first almost straight, then more or less curved, at length often abruptly bent at the middle, cylindric below the middle, wide funnel-shaped above it, more or less villous below the insertion ; lobes much broader than long, 23-3 lin. long, rounded. Filaments hairy towards the base; anthers woolly, cells acute to mucronulate at the base.—Reichb. Pl. Crit. vii. t. 700, fig. 939. Lathrea Phelipea, Linn. 464 XCIII. OROBANCHACE® (STAPF.). | Cistanche. Sp. Pl. ed. ii. 844; Brot. Fl. Lus. i. 184. Orobanche tinctoria, Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 353. Phelipewa lutea, Desf. Fl. Atl. 11. 60, t. 146; Brunner in Flora, 1840, ii. Beibl. 1 & 4; Boiss, Fl. Or.iv. 500. Ph. tinctoria, Walp. Rep. iii. 462; Reut. in DC. Prodr. xi.13. Ph. senegalensis, Reut.. le. Ph. lusitunica, Coss. Not. Crit. Espagne, 43. Ph. Brunneri,, Webb in Hook. Niger Fl. 167. Upper Guinea. Senegambia: Cape Verde, and near N’ Boro, Brunner ; sandy shore near St. Louis, Roger ! and without precise locality, Sieber, 53 ! Worth Central. Southern Sahara: North of Lake Chad, common near Bel- gaschifari, Vogel! Nile Land. Nubia: coast region, "Schweinfurth, 565! Bent! Singat, Schweinfurth, 310! by the Nile, at the 6th cataract, Schweinfurth, 717! Eritrea: near Acrur, 6300 ft., Schweinfurth § Riva, 13849! Sennar, Kotschy, 261 ! Frencl. Somaliland: Gulf of Tajura, Lord ! Also in Spain and throughout North Africa and the Orient to India. I am not certain whether Lord’s Somaliland specimens actually belong to C. lutea. Theyare rather small, with calyces 23-33 lin. long and corollas up to 14 in. long. On the other hand,a fruiting specimen, collected by Hildebrandt (2583) from Taita, in British East Africa, belongs very probably here. Our knowledge of the species of Cistanche leaves much to be desired, and an examination of the plants in the field is very desirable, particularly with respect to their variability. 2. OROBANCHE, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 984. Calyx persistent, campanulate, equally or unequally 3—5-dentate or 3—5-fid or split to the base in front and on the back with the divisions entire or 2-fid. Corolla tubular, often curved, with a more or less widened throat ; limb more or less distinctly 2-lipped; upper lip entire, emarginate or 2-lobed; lower lip 3-lobed with raised folds between the lobes. Stamens 4, didynamous, included, inserted below the middle of the tube; filaments usually thickened at the base; anthers often coherent, cells parallel! or slightly divergent and mucronate at the base. Ovary 1-celled with 4 placentas, approximate or contiguous in pairs, many-ovuled ; style curved or almost straight ; stigma funnel-shaped, peltate or distinctly 2 lobed, lobes lateral. Capsule dehiscing in the median plane, 2-valved, valves often cohering by the persistent style. Seeds very numerous, minute, subglobose; testa foveolate. Embryo: minute, globose, consisting of a few cells, embedded in endosperm.— Parasitic plants, destitute of chlorophyll, variously coloured, usually more or less covered with gland-tipped papillose hairs. Stems succulent, often bulbously thickened at the base, simple or branched, Leaves reduced to scales. Flowers bracteate, with or without bracteoles, spicate: or racemose. Species 80-90, mainly in the temperate and warm-temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Orobanche. | XCII. OROBANCHACE® (STAPF), 465 * TrronycHon.—Bracts and bracteoles present. Calyx usually gamosepalous, 4-toothed or 4-fid, rarely with a small fifth tooth at the back. Corolla bilabiate. Flowers 53-73 lin. long; corolla-throat slightly widened 6 ; ‘ ¢ : 6 - iL. O. ramosa. Flowers 9-10 lin. long; corolla-throat con- spicuously widened F ; : : . 2. O. Muteli. ** OspROLEON.—Bracts present; bracteoles 0. Calyx split in front and on the back; lateral divisions entire or 2-toothed or 2-fid. Corolla bilabiate. Corolla conspicuously inflated below the stamens, which are inserted near the middle of the tnbe, distinctly curved or bent above the constriction, blueish in the upper part . 3. O. cernua. Corolla scarcely widened below the stamens, which are inserted low down in the tube, gradually and gently curved from the pase, yellowish with purple veins ‘ A . : - A. O. minor. IOo 1. O. ramosa, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. i. 633. Stem slender, branched (usually from the base), rarely simple, yellowish, up to more than 1 ft. high, like the whole plant more or less glandular-hairy. Scales ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 24—5 lin. long, sometimes almost glabrous. Inflorescence spicate or the lowest flowers pedicelled, many-flowered, at length elongated and loose; bracts ovate-oblong to lanceolate, acute, 24-44 lin. long ; bracteoles linear-subulate, usually exceeding the calyx-tube. Calyx 4—5 lin. long, firmly membranous with prominent nerves, divided to about the middle into 4 triangular acuminate or caudate- acuminate 3-nerved teeth. Corolla pale yellow with a blueish limb, 53-74 lin. long; tube constricted about 2—3 lin. above the base, thin oyna itis below, gradually and moderately widened above the constriction into the thro at, which is about 14—2 lin. across, dorsal outline gently curved ; upper lip 2 2-lobed, porrect, lobes very broad, subacute; lower lip with 3 subequal, rotundate, entire or repand, ciliate lobes. Filaments about 2-21 lin, long, elabrous or slightly villous at the base; anthers glabrous or with a few cilia at the base (Zeck). Style glabrous or with a few gland-tipped hairs; stigma funnel-shaped, obscurely 3—4-lobed, whitish or blueish.Sowerb. & Smith, Engl. Bot. iii. t. 184; Thunb. Fl. Cap. ed. Schult. 454; Reichenb. Pl. Grit. vil. t. 696, figs. 933-9543; Beck, Monogr. Orob. in Bibl. Bot. iv. 87, t. i. fig. 10. 0. jose var. interrupta, Beck, l.c. 89. O. interrupta, Pers. Syn. 1. 181. Phelipea ramosa, C. A. Meyer, Verz. Pfi. Cauc. 104; Reichb. fil. Ic: Fl. Germ. xx. 88, t. 1773; A. Rich, Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 136. Nile Land. Eritrea: Habab; Nafka, Hildebrandt, 511 (ex Beck). Abyssinia : Tacazze Valley, Petit, 238! near Hiea, Quartin-Dillon ; and without precise locality , Schimper, 226 ! Common throughout South and Central Europe, and found also in Egypt; introduced into South Africa. A parasite on hemp, tobacco, and tomato plants, and numerous other species. VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 2H 466 XCIII. OROBANCHACES (STAPF). [ Orobanche.. 2. O. Muteli, Schultz in Mutel, Fl. France. ii. 353, & Atl. t. 43, Jig. b14; suppl. t. 2, fig. 5. Stem slender, branched, rarely simple, 4—10 in. high, like the whole plant more or less elandular- hairy. Scales ovate tS lanceolate, 23—5 lin. long, sometimes almost glabrous.. Inflorescence spicate or the lowest. flowers distinctly pedicelled, many- pees usually rather loose ; bracts oblong-ovate to lanceolate, acute, —o lin. long: bracteoles linear- subulate, usually exceeding the calyx- tube. Gig 4-5 lin, long, firmly membranous with more or less prominent nerves, divided to about the middle into 4 triangular or lanceolate, acuminate or onmanrer ce 3-nerved teeth. Corolla pelle, below, otherwise blueish or lilac, 9-10 lin. long ; tube constricted about 3-4 lin. above the base, then a into the ‘funnel: shaped throat, which is about 23 lin. across, dorsal outline more or less curved; upper lip 2 2-lobed.,, porrect lobes rounded ; lower lip with 8 su Beane) rotundate, crenulate- dentate or repand, ditiliens lobes. Filaments 54 lin. long, glabrous or slightly hairy at the base; anthers glabrous or slightly villous at the base. Style glabrous: or sparingly glandular-hairy; stigma almost funnel-shaped, obscurely 2-lobed, whitish or yellowish.—Schultz in Flora, 1847, 67, 168; Beck, Mencon Orobanch. in Bibl. Bot. iv. 95, t. 1, fig. 13 (3) (vars. 6 3, Promantur ii and ¢« typica) Phelipea ramosa, Harvey, Gen. 8S. Afr. Pl. ed. ii. 274, not of C. A. Meyer; var. Mutelz, Boiss., Fl. Or. iv. 499. P: Bitelt Reuter 1a C> Prodriexias, partly ; Reichb. fil. Ic, Fl. Germ. xx. 89, t. 1771. P. Hohenackert, Reuter i in DC. Prodr. xi. 10. P. reuteriana, Reichenb. f. l.c. xx. 117, t. 1839, fig. ii. Phelipanche Mutelit, Pomel, Nouv. Mater. Fl. Atl. 106. Nile Land. Hritrea: Habab, Hildebrandt, 511, partly. French Somaliland : Gulf of Tajura, Lord / Very common throughout the Mediterranean region; parasitic on Composite, Leguninose, Labiate, &e. 3. O. cernua, var. Desertorum, Beck, Monogr. Orobd. in Bibl. Bot. iv. 142, ¢. ir. fig. 33 (?). Stems solitary or fascicled, simple, stout,. like the whole plant more or less glandular and cobwebby-pubescent, rarely glabrescent, up to 16 in. high. Scales ovate or ovate-lanceolate,. acute or ORIN, entire or denticulate, 24-5 lin, long. Spike: cylindric, many-flow ered, dense, rounded at the apex, up to 8 in. long. Bracts ovate to ovate- lamccolre: acute or acuminate, up to 4 in. long: bracteoles 0. Calyx split to the very base or almost so in front and on the back, 4-5 lin. long, divisions ovate, either entire or caudate- acuminate or more or less deeply bifid with usually unequal caudate- acuminate or acuminate teeth, yellowish or blueish, sparingly glandular. Corolla 74—9 lin. long, whitish and inflated below the insertion of the stamens, particular ly” after How ering, moderately constricted and often bent at the middle, slightly widened upwards into the blueish throat ; limb small ; upper lip emarginate or 2-lobed; lobes crenulate with glabrous margins ; lower lip equally 8-lobed ; lobes rounded or sub- acute, otherwise like those of the upper lip. Stamens inserted just below the middle of the tube. Filaments glabrous, rarely sparsely glandular hairy ; anthers glabrous or sparingly hairy. Style glabrous. Orobanche. | XCIIL, OROBANCHACE (STAPF). 467 or sparingly hairy; stigma 2-lobed, white or whitish.—0O. cernua, Boiss. Fl. Or. iv. 514; Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 339, not of Loefl. O. curvijlora, Viv. Pl. Aig. Dec. iv. 22, t. ii. fig. 17. Wile Land. Nubia: coast region, Bent! British Somaliland, Wiss Zdith Cole! Mrs. Lort Phillips! Golis Range, Drake Brockman, 161! Also in Socotra, Arabia, and throughout the Orient to North-western India. The typical form of O. cernua, Loefl. (Beck, l.c. 143) has smaller flowers and is more or less limited to South-west Europe. 4. O. minor, Sutton in Trans. Linn. Soc. iv. 179, Stems solitary or fascicled, rather slender, simple, 4-20 in. high, like the whole plant. more or less glandular-hairy. Scales crowded near the base, distant higher up, ovate-oblong to lanceolate, {4-3 in. long. Spike cylindric, many- or (in weak specimens) few-flowered, usually rather loose, except when young, with the lower flowers often remote, up to more than 1 ft. long. Bracts like the scales, but more acuminate ; bracteoles 0. Calyx divided to the v ery base in front and on the Iiayale : ; divisions ovate to: ovate-lanceolate, entire and long caudate-acuminate or 2 -toothed, up to. 2 in. long, 1-ner ved. Corolla up to $ in. long, yellow with purplish veins towards the lmb, tubular, slightly constricted at the middle; upper lip 2-lobed or emarginate ; lower lip equally or subequally 3-lobed ; all the lobes rounded, plicate crenulate-dentate, glabrous along the margin. Stamens inserted 1-1} lin. above the base : filaments more or less hairy, at least below ; anthers usually puberulous, Style mostly glandular- -hairy ; ; stigma 2 lobed, lurid- -purple.—Sowerb. & Smith, Enel. Bot. vi. t. 422; Reuter in DC. Prodr: x1. 29; Reichb. Pl. Crit. vii. 30, tt. 652-3; Reichb. fil. Ic. Fl. Germ. xx. 103, t. 1804; Boiss. Fl. Or. iv. 012 ; Beck, Monogr. Orob. in Bibl. Bot. iv. 251, t.iv. fig. 82. 0. abyssinica, A. Rich, Tent. Fl. Abyss. u. 137. Wile Band. Eritrea: Aidereso, 4100 ft., Schweinfurth, 1416! 1486! near Acrur, 6300 ft., Schweinfurth, 1050! Abyssinia, Quartin-Dillon & Petit ! Plow- den! Parkyns ! Schimper! Uganda: Ruwenzori ; cultivated land, 6000-7000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7819! between Eldama Ravine and Mau, 7000— 7500 ft., Whyte , Unryoo ; Bugoma, Dawe, 750 ! Mozamb, Dist. German Hast Africa: Kilimanjaro, 4000-6000 ft., Volkens, 545! Johnston! Usambara, Buchwald, 453! Portuguese Hast Africa : mountains east of Lake Nyasa, Johnson ! British Central Africa : Nyasaland ; between Mandala and Kibana, Scott / between Kondowe and Karonga, 2000-6000 ft., Whyte! Nyika Mountains, 4000-6000 ft., Whyte! Tanganyika Plateau at Fort Hill, Whyte / Iinperfectly kiown species. 5. O Schultzii, forma pyramidalis, Leck, Monogr. Orob. in Lrbl. Bot. iv. 112. Stems slender, simple, 4—24 in. long, bulbously thickened at the base, glandular-bairy. Scales numerous, ovate or narrowly rhomboid, acuminate, or the upper ovate-lanceolate, denticulate towards the base, 24-5 lin. long. Inflorescence spicate or usually sub- spicate and tufted at top, many-flowered, cylindric, dense, elongate and acuminate, the lowest flowers often distinctly pedicelled ; bracts lanceo- late, reaching to the tips of the calyx-teeth ; bracteoles slightly shorter, +68 XUIII. OROBANCHACEA (STAPF). | Orobanche. narrow. Calyx obliquely campanulate, copiously glandular-hairy ; teeth linear-lanceolate, much longer than the tube, with a prominent middle- nerve. Corolla pallid below, otherwise blue, 8—10 lin. long, constricted above the insertion of the stamens, moderately curved, gradually widened into the throat ; limb glabrous; upper lip 2-lobed, lobes elliptic, rotundate-acuminate or acute, repand ; lower lip equally 5-lobed, lobes elliptic-acuminate or rotundate, repand or denticulate, plicate, Fila- ments inserted 24 lin. above the base, sparingly and shortly hairy near the base; anthers glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed, white. Nile Land. Abyssinia: near Ghaza (Ghaga) according to Beck (without indication of the collector). O. Schultzii is a Mediterranean species, ranging from Morocco and Spain to Syria. The forma pyramidalis was originally described as a distinct species, Phelipea pyramidalis, Reuter in DC. Prodr. xi. 7, from specimens collected by Boissier in Asia Minor. They have a very hairy corolla-limb with obtuse or subacute lobes and woolly anthers. 6. O. tunetana, var. tacassea, eck, Wonogr. Orob. in Bibl. Bot. iv. 118, ¢. i. fig. 24. Stem slender, simple, densely white-tomentose, 3—5 in. high. Scales ovate-lanceolate, adpressed, subglabrous, 2}—4 lin. long. Spike short, cylindric or subcapitate, dense or loose below, 3—10-flowered, rounded at the top; bracts ovate-lanceolate, shorter than the calyx, and like it densely woolly tomentose. Calyx campanulate, teeth shorter than the tube, lanceolate. Corolla infiated at the base, constricted above the ovary, then conspicuously curved forwards and widened into the violet throat, copiously hairy, 83-9 lin. long; upper lip deeply 2-lobed, lobes elliptic, acuminate, inciso-crenate ; lower lip deflexed, lobes large, ovate or elliptic, denticulate. Filaments quite glabrous ; anthers long-acuminate, subglabrous. Stigma-lobes confluent, white. Nile Land. Abyssinia: Tacazze Valley, at Semam, Sfewdner, according to Beck. Typical O. tunetana is a native of Tunis, aud seems to be a well-marked species. Orper XCIV. LENTIBULARIEA. (By Otto Stapf.) Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic. Calyx inferior, deeply 2—5- partite, regular or more or less 2-lipped, or the sepals free to the base. Corolla gamopetalous, 2-lipped, spurred, rarely saccate; tube very short; upper lip interior, entire to 2-lobed ; lower entire to 2—3-lobed, usually with a vaulted, more or less 2-gibbous palate. Stamens 2, anticous, attached to the base of the corolla, slightly converging in front of the stigma ; filaments short, usually curved and asymmetrically thickened ; anthers 2-celled ; cells diverging, confluent, dehiscing by a common slit. Ovary superior, 1-celled ; carpels 2, median ; style simple, short or very short ; stigma more or less distinctly 2-lipped, wpper lip usually very small or obscure; placenta free central ovoid or globose, rarely reduced XCIV. LENTIBULARIE& (STAPF). 469 to a short basal protuberance; ovules numerous, sessile and closely packed, rarely few or only 2, anatropous. Fruit a 1-celled, few- to many-seeded capsule, dehiscing irregularly or by 2-4 valves or circum- scissile, very rarely 1-seeded and indehiscent. Seeds very small, variously Shaped; testa thin or spongy or corky, rarely exuding mucilage ; endosperm 0; embryo undifferentiated or with obscure protuberances (rudiments of the primary leaves) at the often flat or slightly concave apex, rarely with a plumule of subulate primary leaves or a distinct cotyledon.—Perennial, rarely annual herbs, aquatic or terrestrial (but always in wet places), with peculiar, usually utricular, contrivances for the capture and digestion of small organisms. Leaves rosulate or scat- tered on stclons, entire or divided, uniform or sometimes heteromorphic. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, peduncled, racemose, simple, rarely sparingly branched, bracteate ; lowest bracts usually barren, adpressed ; bracteoles 2 or 0 at the base of the pedicels; flowers very small to large, often showy, yellow, purple or blue. Species about 200, in all parts of the world, excepting arid regions. Calyx of 2 sepals; utricles bladder-like, ovoid or globose : . 9 : : 3 : . IL. UTRIcULARIA. Calyx deeply 5-partite; utricles tubular with 2 spirally- twisted arms § 5 ni is P . 2. GENLISEA, 1. UTRICULARIA, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 987, Sepals 2, free or united at the base, persistent and frequently enlarged in fruit, equal or slightly unequal. Corolla 2-lipped, spurred or rarely saccate ; upper lip erect, entire or emarginate to bifid; lower lip usually much larger than the upper, usually with a vaulted, often much raised and 2-gibbous palate and a spreading or deflexed entire, erenulate or lobed margin. Stamens 2; filaments almost straight or curved, short, often winged on the outer side; anthers dorsifixed, cells subdistinct or quite confluent; pollen globose or depressed-globose, with or without few to many longitudinal slits and several pores. Ovary more or less globose, 1-celled; style indistinct or distinct, but short, persistent ; stigma 2-lipped, anticous lobe much larger than the often obscure posticous; ovules numerous, rarely few, sessile on the free central fleshy placenta, anatropous. Capsule usually globose, breaking up into 2 valves or dehiscing irregularly. Seeds globose, ovoid, lenticular, hemi-elliptic, truncate-pyramidal or prismatic, smooth, reticulate, tubercled, glochidiate or variously winged, usually very small, ex- albuminous. Embryo undifferentiated, with or without obscure pro- tuberances (the beginnings of the primary leaves), rarely with a plumule of 9-12 more or less subulate primary leaves.—Rootless, aquatic or terrestrial or epiphytic herbs, nearly always provided with minute bladder-like organs for the capture and digestion of small organisms ; annual or perennial with or without a resting season; the aquatic species reproducing themselves frequently frem special resting buds 470 XCIV. LENTIBULARIEE (STAPF), | Utricularia. hibernacles) and the epiphytic sometimes from tubers. Zerrestrial and epiphytic species: Primary axis developed, terminating with an inflores- cence, producing at the base above the small primary leaves a rosette of foliage-leaves (rarely a solitary foliage-leat) and non-axillary stolons, leaves and stolons showing no definite sequence and passing sometimes into each other. Stolons growing with inrolled or straight tips, either developed as rhizoids (growing downwards into the substratum and resembling roots) or creeping on or close to the surface of the substratum, often among moss and dwart herbage, more or less branching and pro- ducing bladders, foliage-leaves and, from certain of their axils, flowering or barren (and then much stunted) shoots with a more or less developed basal tuft or rosette of leaves and stolons. Leaves petioled, normally always entire, linear to orbicular or reniform, rarely peitate, often decayed at the time of flowering, frequently producing bladders, stolons or adventitious shoots. Aquatic species: Primary axis arrested (accord- ing to Goebel), producing above or among the primary leaves one or several stolons. Stolons floating in still water or creeping on mud, rarely attached to stones and rocks in running water, often very long, growing with inrolled tips, branching ; branches either all alike and resembling the primary stolons, producing from the flanks alternate or occasionally subopposite leaves and axillary or juxta-axillary inflores- cences or branches heteromorphic, some of them growing downwards and producing only much reduced leaves and bladders. Leaves more or less divided into filiform or capillary segments; primary segments of the large-leaved species often imitating a whorl or half-whorl of pinnate leaves (rays), pinnz more or less 2-seriate on the sometimes broadened midrib, usually forked at the base, each division again divided, 1—2 outer rays sometimes replaced by a hyaline cordate or renitorm or more or less divided auricle, resembling a stipule ; all or certain leaves or the leaves of certain branches producing bladders, usually in the place of leat-segments. Bladders globose to ovoid, stalked, with an oblique sub- terminal or subbasal mouth, closed by a membranous flexible valve and a turned-in thickening (chin) of the lower rim, sometimes produced into an upper or an upper and lower lip, ciliate, fimbriate or furnished with stouter, variously shaped processes (tentacles). Inflorescences racemose, bracteate, peduncled, those of certain aquatic species held above water by a whorl of inodified spongy leaves (floats); lower bracts often barren, adpressed ; bracteoles 2, at the base of the pedicel, or 0. Over 100 species, mainly in the tropics of both hemispheres. The morphology of the vegetative parts of Utricularia is extremely complicated on account of the great plasticity of the organs and their readiness for sprouting. A very valuable account of those conditions was given by Dr. Goebel in Flora, 1859, 291-297, and 1904, 98-126, in his “ Morphologische und biologische Studien,” No. V. (in Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. ix. 41) and in his ‘‘ Organographie der PHanzen,’ 444, but these publications concern mostly non-African species. The specimens at my disposal consisted of herbarium material and naturally left much to be desired. In fact, a really satisfactory classification of this genus will only be possible, when living or carefully collected and preserved spirit material is at thand. Utricularia. | XCIV. LENTIBULARIEE (STAPF). * Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs with entire, petioled leaves, + Bracts not produced below the point of attach- ment. + Seape with 2 or more, often rosulate leaves at its base, never springing from a tuber. §$ Seape straight or flexuous, not twining ; mouth of bladder opposite the stalk ; sepals rounded, never decurrent on the pedicel. Upper corolla-lip constricted below the middle; palate usually tubercled or transversely rugose (excepting U. ewilis) ; seeds nearly hemi-elliptie with a narrow margin round the flat top face ; bladders with 2 fringed lips. Corolla 5-6 lin. long. Spur distinetly shorter than the lower lip of the corolla. Lower corolla-lip up to 44 lin, long and 5 lin. broad; palate crests with long transverse wrinkles ; seeds unknown ; 6 1 dhe Lower corolla-lip 3-384 lin. in | diam. ; palate crests tubercled | or with short wrinkles ; seed- | margin denticulate . 0 2, Spur as long as or longer than the lower lip of the corolla ; seed margin entire 3. Corolla 13-3 lin. seh Corolla purple, = lines LON oe, palate cae : setae Corolla pale purple, 13-23 lin. pee palate tubercled 5. Corolla white, yellow or iets ante plish, 13-24 lin. long ; palate smooth : é 5 (Sh Upper corolla-lip broad-ovate to sub- quadrate ; palate smooth; seeds glo- bose, smooth ; upper lip of utricle with 4 short, stout fimbri. Corolla purple or blue with a yellow palate, 24—7 lin. long. Corolla 6-74 lin. long : : 4 Corolla 21-33 lin. long: 8. Corolla yellow with an orange palate, 13-12 lin. long . : ) $§ Scape frequently twining ; Penile acute to acuminate, at length often decurrent on the pedicel ; mouth of bladder close to the stalk with 2 horn-like tentacles. Corolla 9-10 lin. long ; upper lip over 5 lin. long, much constricted below the middle : : é . 10. U. transrugosa. U. odontosperma, U. sanguinea, U. tribracteata. U. Kirkii. U. exilis. U. linarvoides. U. Welwitschii. U. firmula. U. Baunii¢ 472 XCIV. LENTIBULARIE (STAPF). [ Utricularia. Corolla under 9 Jin. long ; upper lip under : 4 lin. long, more or less oblong, jl rarely ovate. Lower corolla-lip at least 3 as loug as the tne Corolla 6-8 lin. ener upper lip much exceeding the upper sepal . - 11. U. prehensilis, Corolla not over 43 lin. long; upper lp not or only slightly exceeding the upper sepal. Spur about as long as the lower corolla-lip. Corolla yellow, up to 4 lin. long . 12. U. andongensis. Corolla blue with a white palate, up to 3 lin. long. . - 13. U. spiralise Spur distinctly longer than the mee corolla-lip. Spur 25 lin. long, subsubulate . 14. UO. Schweinfurthii. Spur 1k lin. long, obliquely conic | from a broad base 9 . 15. U. tortilise | Lower corolla-lip less than 4 the eee | of the spur. . 16, U. micropetala. ¢ Seape with a solitary leat at its base, springing | from a tuber, Leaves up to 2 in. long; blade ligulate or spathulate, about as long as the petiole . 17. U. Mannii. Leaves up to 1 in. long; blade lanccolate or linear above the middle, much longer than the petiole. : . 18. U. bryophila. ++ Bracts produced below the point of attachment. Leaf-blades linear-lanceolate ; bracts orbicular- | ovate, attached near the middle ; bracteoles 0; seeds smooth : J : ¢ . 19. U. subulata. Leaf-blades orbicular ; bracts ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, attached near the Lase ; bracteoles 2; seed glochidiate . , . 20. U. striatula. ** Aquatic herbs, floating in still water or creeping on mud, very rarely in running water and then firmly attached; leaves divided into 2 to very many, more or less capillary segments Attached by means of adhesive claw-shaped | rhizoids, destitute of bladders; seeds | mucilaginous : : : : 2 . 21. U, rigida. | Floating or creeping on mud; seeds never mucilaginous. y Inflorescence held above water by a whorl of floats. Upper corolla-lip entire; stolons and leaf- rays glabrous or sparingly hispidulous near the tips; leaves usually auricled. Leaf-auricles large, hyaline, denticulate or more or less divided into hyaline laciniz ; capsule quite enveloped by une much enlarged, closed and cuneately decurrent calyx. eae Utricularia. | XCIV. LENTIBULARIEA (STAPF). ATS: Corolla 3-33 lin. long; leaf-auricles usually denticulate : : : Corolla 2-24 lin. long; leaf-auricles with numerous, long, narrow, flex- uous laciniz . ; c . Leaf-auricles cut up into deeply and often repeatedly divided, rather rigid and rigidly ciliate segments; capsule more or less exposed; calyx not or obscurely decurrent on the upward thickened peice : Upper corolla-lip 2-lobed to the middle ; stolons and leaf-rays finely villous . yy Infiorescences without floats. Scapes usually many-flowered, rather stout, up to 1 ft. long; leaves up to 3 in. long ; capsules 2-3 lin. in diam.; seeds 4— 8 . ° ° . : Scapes 4-1-flowered, very slender, short; leaves rarely up to 9 lin. long, usually much shorter; capsules up to 14 lin. long, usually many-seeded (see U, cymbantha). Stolons not conspicuously flattened ; scapes without a whorl of stolons at the base, 1-2-flowered; fruiting pedicels nodding. Leaves 8-9 lin. long; leaf-segments more or less setulose. Leaves 6-9 lin. long; seeds brcadly winged. : Leaves 3-5 (rarely to 8 “Th long): seeds narrowly winged Only the ultimate leaf-segments setulose, stolons giabrous ; corolla up to 44 lin. long; spur shorter than the lower lip Leaves and stolons hispidulous ; corolla up to 3 lin. long; spur longer thanthe lower lip Leaves up to 3 lin. long, glabrous. Leaves multifid, 1-3 lin. long; corolla 4—4.4 ‘lin, long : : Leaves forked, “usually under 1 lin. long, segments entire or forked again; corolla 1 lin. long . Stolons conspicuously flattened ; scapes with a whorl of stolons at the base, 1-4-flowered ; fruiting pedicels straight. Corolla 3-5 lin. long. é . : Corolla 24-8 lin. long . : c . 5 lle Wy, 22. U. Thonningii. . 23. U. trichoschiza. . 24. U. stellaris. . 25. U. villosula. . 26. U. foliosa, . 27. U. platyptera. 28. U. reflexa.. 29. U. charoidea. 30. U. diploglossa. cymbantha.- 32. U. obtusa. 33. U. exoleta. 1. U. transrugosa, Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 428. in. long. Calyx 4 in. long; lobes ovate-oblong, glandular-hairy. Corolla white, 2 in. long, glandular-hairy. Stamens as of Streptocarpus. Ovary glandular-hairy, in the figure, oblong, 4 by j15 in.—General appearance as of Linnea borealis, Linn. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uluguru; Lukwangula Plateau, 5000-6000 ft., Goetze, 251. OrpER XCVI. BIGNONIACEAG, (By T. A. Sprague). Flowers hermaphrodite, usually more or less irregular. Calyx inferior, gamosepalous, truncate, lobed or spathaceous. Corolla gamo- petalous; tube campanulate, funnel-shaped or tubular, often pilose at the insertion of the stamens; limb bilabiate, the 2-lobed posticous lip usually overlapping the 3-lobed anticous lip in bud, more rarely regular. Stamens inserted on the corolla-tube, 4, didynamous, with a posticous staminode, or 5, equal, very rarely 2; filaments filiform or flattened, often thickened at the base; anthers introrse, dehiscing longitudinally ; lobes attached at the apex, parallel, divergent or divaricate. Disc hypogynous, cushion-shaped, annular or cupular, rarely absent. Ovary 2-celled or, more rarely, 1-celled with 2 parietal, often much intruded lacentas ; ovules numerous, anatropous ; style simple, filiform; stigma of 2 flattened lobes. Fruit a 2-valved loculicidal or septifragal capsule, or fleshy and indehiscent. Seeds usually flat with a broad, often hyaline wing ; embryo usually enveloped in a fine interior membrane (tegmen) ; albumen none; cotyledons flattened, rarely folded; radicle short, lateral (very rarely superior).—Trees or shrubs, frequently twiners or climbers, very rarely herbs. Leaves opposite, more rarely whorled or alternate, usually compound with articulated leaflets, often cirrhiferous ; stipules XCVI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). 513 absent, but closely simulated in certain genera by the first or first and second pairs of leaves of the axillary bud “(pseudostipules), Inflorescence a panicle or raceme (simple or with cymose ultimate branching), terminal or axillary; flowers sometimes borne on the old wood, often large, abundant and brightly coloured. Genera about 105, many of them monotypic; species about 550, mostly Tropical American. For the sake of convenience the “ length ” of the seed is here taken as its longest measurement, viz., that parallel to the Jongitudinal axis of the capsule; the “‘ ends” of the seed are the sides facing the top and bottom of the capsule. TripE I. Teeomege.-—Ovary 2-celled. Fruit a loculicidal capsule. Seeds winged. Stamens 4, didynamous, with a posticous staminode. Calyx not spathaceous. Ovules 4-8-seriate in each cell; septum of capsule flat. Calyx regular, with 5 equal lobes, opening early in bud, Stamens exserted; upper third of anther-lobes connate . . 1. TECOMARIA. Stamens included ; Sivbe Hobe: ore ee tom each other except at the very apex : 2. PODRANEA. Calyx irregular, with 3-4 unequal lobes, opening late in bud - : : . : . 3, FERDINANDIA. Ovules 2-seriate in each cell; septum cylindric, with deep pits in which the seeds are fitted . 4. STEREOSPERMUM. Calyx spathaceous. Calyx split down the anticous side; ovules 2- seriate in each cell é ; ; : . 5. NEWBOULDIA. Calyx split down the posticous side; ovules 4- to multi-seriate in each cell. Ovules 4—6-seriate ; valves of capsule flat. . 6. MARKHAMTIA. Ovules multiseriate ; valves boat-shaped . . 7. SPATHODE. Stamens 5, all perfect. Calyx campanuiate ; frnit smooth . : : . 8. RwIGozUM. Calyx tubular; fruit warted . : : ; . 9. CATOPHRACTES. Tree Il. Creseentieze. winged. Only Tropical African genus F . : é . 10. KIGELIA. Ovary l-celled. Fruit indehiscent. Seeds not Y 1. TECOMARTA, Spach; Sprague in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. il. 448. Calyx opening early in bud, regular, tubular-campanulate, 5-lobed. Corolla-tube narrowly funnel-shaped or almost cylindric, curved for- wards ; limb markedly bilabiate. Stamens 4, exserted; anther-lobes connate for the upper third, divergent below. Disc cupular. Ovules 4-seriate in each cell. Capsule oblong-linear, much compressed parallel to the septum.—Shrubs with simply fears leaves and dense terminal racemes of orange or scarlet flowers Species 3, 1 of them also in South Africa. Calyx 2-34 Jin. long . : : ; ; é 2 Aecacensic: Calyx 5-9 lin. long. VOL. [LV.——-SEEC. ty 2 by d14 XCVI. BIGNONIACEH (SPRAGUE). | Tecomaria. Leaflets 5-7, elliptic, obtuse, mucronulate 2. T. Nyasse. Leaflets 9-18, ovate, acutely acuminate. é NOE, SUT eENSIS: 1. T. capensis, Spach, Hist. Veg. Phan. 1x. 187. A rambling shrub, about 6 ft. high. Branches subterete, minutely pubescent above, glabrescent below. Leaves opposite, short-petioled, 2—5 in. long; leaflets 5—9 (rarely 3), shortly stalked, elliptic, orbicular or rhomboidal, more or less oblique at the base, 6-15 lin. long, 4—9 lin. broad, (terminal leaflet ovate, acuminate, 9-23 lin. long, 6—13 lin. broad, its petiole up to 6 lin. long), erenate, sometimes mucronulate, glabrescent above, pilose in the axils of the veins below. Racemes of numerous 3-flowered cymes, or sometimes simple in the upper part; peduncle 1}—4 in. long, usually overtopping the leaves; rhachis and pedicels finely pubescent ; bracts linear-subulate, caducous. Calyx 2-34 lin. long, strongly ribbed, finely pubescent; tube 14-24 lin. long; lobes deltoid, apiculate or acuminate, 3-1 lin. long, ciliate. Corolla orange- red or scarlet ; tube laterally compressed, 1-14 in. long; lobes ovate, obtuse, rather under } in. long, ciliate. Capsule 3—5 in. long, 4—5 lin. broad, apiculate-—Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1863, 21; Baill. Hist. Pl. x. 41; K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B, 2530, and in Mart. Fl. Bras. viii. ii. 307; Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. No. 10, 62; Sprague in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 448, Tecomaria Krebsii, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 193. 7. Petersii, Klotzsch, le. 192. Bignonia capensis, Thunb. Prodr. 105; Pers. Syn. ui. 172. Tecoma capensis, Lind|. Bot. Reg. t. 1117; DC. Prodr. ix. 223; Drége, Zwei Pflanzengeogr. Documente, 136, 142, 156, 160; Harvey, Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. i. 235, and ed. ii. 275; Schinz in Bull. Trav. Soc. Bot. Geneve, vi. (1891) 70; A. Zahlbruckner in Ann. Mus. Wien, xv. (1900) 70; Wood, Natal Plants, i. 3, 24, t. 272. Ducoudrea capensis, Bur. Monogr. Bignon. 49, 145. Mozamb. Dist. Transvazl : Zoutspaus Berg; Elim, Wingard 4 Creuc. A South African species which just crosses the Tropic of Capricorn. 2. T. Nyassee, A. Schum. in Lngl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 363. Branches roughly quadrangular, minutely pubescent. Leaves opposite, long- petioled, 4—5 in. long; leaflets 5-7, very shortly stalked, elliptic, obtuse, 8-20 lin. long, 5-14 lin. broad, mucronulate, irregularly crenate-serrate, glabrous above, lower surface with tufts of hairs in the axils of the veins; lateral leaflets oblique at the base. Racemes simple, dense ; peduncle 6 in. long, overtopping the leaves; rhachis and pedicels finely pubescent ; bracts linear-subulate, caducous ; pedicels 6 lin. long. Calyx 7-9 lin. long, glandular, finely pubescent ; tube 4-53 lin. long; lobes lanceolate, acuminate, 24-4 lin. long. Corolla-tube 1 in. long or more ; lobes broadly ovate, obtuse, } in. long.—K. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. xxviii. 480. Tecoma Nyasse, Oliv. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1351. Mozamb. Dist. (German East Africa: lower plateau, north of Lake Nyassa Thomson! Uhehe : Higulu Plateau, northern Uchungwe Mountains, Goetze, 566. Tecomaria. | XUVI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). D115 3. T. shirensis, A. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 363 (7. schivensis). A shrub, 4-10 ft. high. Branches subterete or roughly angled, minutely pubescene Leaves opposite or ternate, long-petioled, 4-9 in. long; leaflets 9-13, distinctly stalked, ovate, acutely acuminate, 9=33 lin. long, 41_15 lin. broad, serrate, glabrous above, lower surface with tufts of hairs i in the axils of the glabr escent veins; lateral leaflets oblique or rounded at the base. Racemes dense, simple or bearing 3-flowered cymes below; peduncle 2-44 in. long, equalling or over- topping the leaves; rhachis and pedicels pubescent; bracts linear- subulate, caducous; pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Calyx 5-7 lin. long, slightly > pubescent ; tube 3$—44 lin. long; lobes deltoid or ovate-deltoid, acumi- nate, 2-3 lin. long ole orange; tube about 1 in. Pens lobes broadly ovate, cies tin. long. Capsule 44 in. long, } in. broad, beaked.— Tecoma shirensis, Bene in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 30; Sprague in Bot. Mag. t. 7970. 7’. Whytei, C. H. Wright in Kew Bulletin, 1897, 275. T. nyikensis, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1898, 159. IZozamb. Mist. German East Africa: (a pubescent form), Busse, 174! British Central Africa : Nyasaland, 2000-7000 ft,; Luagwa River, MeClounie, 149! Nyika Plateau, Whyte, 112! between Mpata and commencement of Tanganyika Plateau, Whyte! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 219! 925! Zomba Plateau, Whyte! Mount Malosa, Cameron, 13! Tuchila Plateau, on Mount Mianji, Purves, 15! PODRANEA, Sprague in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. i. 449. Calyx opening early in bud, regular, campanulate, 5-lobed, inflated. Corolla campanulate above, narrowed to a cylindric tube below; limb slightly bilabiate; lobes subequal, spreading. Stamens 4, included ; anther-lobes free except at the very apex, divaricate when mature. Dise cupular. Ovules 8-seriate in each cell. Capsule linear, scarcely compressed.—Shrubs and undershrubs with opposite, simply impari- pinnate leaves and terminal panicles of pink or lilac flowers. Species 2, the other one in South Africa. 1. P. Brycei, Sprague. A nearly glabrous, scandent undershrub, about 13 ft. high. Stem slender, quadrangular, “finely ribbed, minutely lepidote in the grooves, pubescent at the nodes. Leaves from 4 in, long upwards ; leaflets 9— 11, stalked, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, long acuminate, 9-21 lin. long, 3-6 lin. broad, slightly serrate, obscurely vlandular on the lower surface, otherwise glabrous. Panicle termina', lax, 3-4 in. long; branches short, 3-flowered. Calyx campanulate, minutely and densely lepidote, the upper part glandular; tube 4—6 lin. long and broad; lobes ovate-deltoid, 3—4 lin. long, mucronate, rveflexed on or before the opening of the corolla. Corolla pale mauve, glabrous outside, villous inside at the throat and the insertion of the stamens ; tube 15-18 lin. long, 9 lin. in diam. at the throat, abruptly. campanulate above; lower cylindric portion 33-4 lin. ene lobes suborbicular, 6—11 lin. long, ciliate. Anther lobes elliptic-oblong, 1} lin. long. Capsule up to 1 ft. long, 7 lin. broad. Seeds 7 lin. long, ae Jin. broad.— Z'ecoma Brycei, N. E. Bown ¢ in Kew Bulletin, 1901, 130. 516 XCVI. BIGNONIACEH (SPRAGUE). | Podranea. Wozamb. Dist. Mashonaland: in dry places, 4500 ft., Bryce ! Rhodesia: Buluwayo, near streams, Franklin White ! Closely allied to P. ricasoliana, Sprague, from which it differs in the early retlexed calyx-lobes and the smaller, more abruptly campanulate corolla, which is villous within, and has the basal cylindric portion included in the calyx-tube. FERDINANDIA, Welw. ex Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 330. Calyx opening late in bud, campanulate, unequally 38—4-lobed. Corolla broadly campanulate, narrowed below to a short cylindric or coustricted portion ; limb slightly bilabiate. Stamens 4, slightly exserted from the corolla-tube ; anther-lobes divaricate. Disc cupular. Ovules pluriseriate in each cell. Capsule cylindric, spirally twisted ; septum thick, flattened. Seeds oblong, winged at the ends.—Trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, imparipinnate. Flowers large in axillary corymbose cymes produced after the fall of the subtending leaves.—Vernandoa, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1866, 123. erdinandoa, Seem. l.c. 1870, 280. Ferdinanda, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. u. 1047. Fernandia, Baill. Hist. Pl. x.47. K.Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 248. Species 2, endemic. The Asiatic genus Heterophragina, to which Ferdinandia lias been reduced by certain authors, differs in having a terminal inflorescence and an annular disc. Calyx and lower surface of leaflets pubescent or tomentose ; peduncle very short . : ; . Ll. F. superba. 3 Calyx and lower surface of leaflets glabrous (disre- te] garding glands); peduncle long . : 9 . 2. FB. magnifica, 1. F. superba, Welw. ex Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 330, tt. 87-38. A tree, 25-40 ft. high, almost leafless at the time of flowering. Young shoots and leaves finely and densely pubescent. Leaves up to 1 ft. long ; rhachis pubescent ; leaflets 7-13, shortly petioled, elliptic-oblong, shortly acuminate, unequally cuneate at the base, 1—4 in. long, 9—26 lin. broad, finely Meticalate and glabrescent above, finely and densely pubes- cent below. Cymes axillary, corymbose, 5—9-flowered, 2 in. long excluding the flowers, finely tomentose; pedicels under 2 in. long. Buds ellipsoidal. Calyx tomentose outside with violet-purple hairs, glandular; tube 5—7 lin. long; lobes ovate-deltoid, subacute or mucronu- late, 4—6 lin. long. Gorallan orange-scarlet with blood-red stripes inside, Se cioas outside ; tube 13 in. long, broadly campanulate above, con- stricted 2-3 lin. ater the base; lobes 1 in. long. Stamens inserted 6 lin. above the base of the coro olla-tube; anther-lobes 2 lin. long. Ovary 3-4 lin. long, greyish tomentose. Ovules arranged in 8 or more rows in each cell. “Capsule cylindric-subulate, angular, spirally twisted, 2 ft. long; septum 2-3 lin. thick, 7 lin. broad. Seeds 1-14 in. long including the wings, 4—5 lin. bro ad. —Hiern, Cat. Afr. P]. Welw.i. 792. Bignonia Ferdinandi, Welw. Apont. Phyto-g geogr., 584, Ferdinandou superba, Seem. in Jotrn: Bot. 1870, 280. “Fernandia superba, Baill. Hist. Pl. x. 48. Fernandia Ler aang. K. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 243, fig. 92g. Fernandia Ferdinandi, K. Schum. on Lerdinandia. | XCVI, BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). O17 in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiii. 332, partly (as regards the synonymy, excluding Kast African localities). //eterophragma Ferdinand, Britten in Journ. Bot. 1895; 75: Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; forest in Sobato de Bumba, at the base of Serra de Alto Queta, 2200 ft., Welw: ‘tbs 488! and fruit, W “elastic, 817 ; Sange, fruit, Welwitsch, 816. The East African specimens referred here by Schumann in ZLngl. Jahrb. XXxill. 332 probably belong to &. magnifica. Schuman seems to ave overlooked the existence of F. magnifica ; it is not mentioned in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3B. 248, norin Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. F. magnifica, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1870, 280 (Ferdinandoa magnifiew). A glabrous shrub. Leaves 1 ft. or more in length ; leaflets J—15, subsessile, ovate or ovate-oblong, rather long acuminate , unequally ootuse at the base, 1-5 in. long, 8—21 lin. broad, finely reticulate on both surfaces. Cymes axillary, corymbose, 4—10- flowered, 6-8 in. long excluding the flowers : pedicels 2 2-4 in. long. Buds oblong- ellipsoidal, apiculate. Calyx elandul: w outside; tube 5-6 lin. long ; lobes ovate- deltoid, mucronulate, 3—) lin, long. Corolla glabrous ; tube 2 2) ilime Woyaves or more, narrowed to a cylindric basal portion 2 2 lin. long : ; lobes 1 in. long. Stamens inserted 3 lin. above the base of ie corolla + anther-lobes 4—5 lin. long; filaments much flattened. Ovary 4 lin. long, glabrous. Ovules arranged in 4-6 irregular rows in each cell.— Fernandoa magnifica, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1871, 81. Lernandia Ferdinandi, IK. Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. xxxiil. 332, partly (as regards the East Afaican localities, excluding synonymy). Heterophragma longipes, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 3i. Wile Land. British Hast Africa: near Mombasa, Wakefield ! Mozamb. Dist. German Hast Africa: Umba Valley, Adssner, 83! Lake Chidia, near the Rovuma River, Kirk ! . STEREOSPERMUM, Cham.; Bureau in Adansonia, ii. 191 ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1047, partly. Calyx opening early in bud, campanulate or tubular, irregularly 2—5-lobed. Corolla campanulate-funnel-shaped or funnel-shaped ; limb slightly bilabiate; lobes spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, included (in S. harmsianum, the longer pair sometimes exserted) ; anther-lobes free, divergent. Disc annular or cupular, entire or lobed. Ovary oblong-linear or oblong, quadrangular. Ovules biseriate in each cell. Capsule linear, cylindric or 4angled. Seeds winged at each end; nucleus ridged and fitting intoa deep pit in the cylindric septum. Cotyledons folded.—Trees with imparipinnate leaves and terminal many-flowered panicles of pink, lilac or yellow flowers. Species about 11, the others in Tropical Asia and Madagascar. Calyx campanulate, 24-34 lin. iong; bracts not folivceous . 2 e 1. S. kunthianum. Calyx tubular, 6-104 if. Toney: ; Eracts foliaceous. Calyx and leaflets “ghibrous : ¢ : é . 2. S. acuminatissimumn. 518 XCVI. BIGNONIACEA (SPRAGUE). | Séereospernuunr. Calyx and leaflets more or less pubescent or tomentose. Leaflets acuminate, puberulous or glabrescent above, pubescent below; calyx glabrous inside - 3. S. Zenker. Leaflets not acuminate, tomentose on both sur- faces; calyx puberulous aud lepidote inside . 4. S. harmsianum. 1. S. kunthianum, Cham. in Linnea, vii. 721. A tree, 15-45 ft. high; bark scaly, dark grey ov whitish; branchlets very stout, striate or rugose. Leaves 6—14 in. long, glabrous, pubescent or tomentose ; petiole 1-34 in. long; leaflets 5-9, conspicuously stalked or subsessile, ovate or elliptic-oblong, more rarely suborbicular, obtuse (more rarely subacute) and usually shortly acuminate at the apex, obtusely cuneate or rounded at the base, 14—5 in. long, }-43 in. broad, entire or more ov less serrate. Panicle usually ample, corymbose-pyramidal, glabrescent, pubescent or tomentose ; bracts minute. Calyx campanulate, 24-34 lin. long, truncate or more or less 4—5-lobed, glabrous, pubescent or tomen- tose outside, often glandular; lobes rounded, up to 1 lin. long. Corolla pink or lilac with purple lines; tube funnel-shaped, 9-18 lin. long; ventral portion densely villous within ; basal cylindric portion 1—2 lin. long; lobes 8-8 lin. long, ciliate. Stamens inserted 14-3 lin. above uhe base of the corolla-tube; anthers oblong, 1-1% lin. long. Disc annular, entire or lobed, 4-2 lin. high. Ovary quadrangular, 2-3 Jin. long, glabrous or minutely glandular. Stigma-lobes obovate or elliptic, cntire, crenulate or dentate. Capsule cylindric, 1—2 ft. long, pubescent ov glabrous; midrib of valves very prominent. Seeds 11—13 lin. long, 34 lin. broad.—Engl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 34; K. Schum. in Engl. Pil. Ost-Afr. C. 864; De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 128. S. dentatwm, A. Rich. Tent. FI. Abyss. 1.58; Bureau in Adansonia, ii. 196, t. 4, Monogr. Bignon. t. 29; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 98; Oliv. in ‘rans. Linn. Soc. Bot. xxix. 123; Penzig in Malpighia, viii. 466, t. 9; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 386; Engl. Ghed. Veg. Usambara, 40 ; Almagia in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vill. 123; K. Schum. in Engl. PH. Ost-Atr. C. 364. S. integrifolium, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 59; Martelli, Fl. Bogos. 64; K.Schum. in Engl. PA. Ost-Afr. C. 364. S. Arguezana, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. 11. 5°; Engl. Hochgebirgsfl. Trop. Afr. 386. S. senegalense, Mig. Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. i. 200. jS. discolor, K. Schum. in Engl. & Prant!, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 242. S. cinereo-viride, K. Schum. le. 243. 8. molle, K. Schum. |.c. 242. S. avnoldianum, De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 128. Bignonia discolor, R. Br. in Salt, Abys-. App.64. B. lanata, Steud. Nomenel. ed.ii.i.205. DolichandroneSmithii, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 30. Spathodea levis ?'T. Thoms. in Speke, Nile, Append. 642. Spathodea ? Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 124. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Heudelot, 202! Gold Coast: Krepi Plains, Johnson, 537! Togo, Baumann, 372! Western Lagos, Rowland! Norther Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 11385! Bornu, Vogel, 89! Nile Land. Fazokl, Kotschy, 454! WKordofan: near Rahad Lake, Muriel, 163! near Taiara, Muriel, 175! Kritrea: various localities, Schweinfurth § Riva, 1401! 2217! Beccari, 29—! Abyssinia: Mount Sholoda, Schimper, 8308! Gondar, Steudner, 486! Ankober, Roth / Soudan: by the Sobat River, Muriel, 105! by the White Nile, Schweinfurth, 1013! Moru; Wayo, Petherick! by the Bahr-el- Stereospermun.. | XCVI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). 519 Ghazal, near Chuk-Chuk, Broun! Near Old Wau, Brown, 59! Mittu; Neama, Schweinfurth, 2767! \etween Derago and Kuddu, Schweinfurth, 2771! between Moro and Ngama, Schweinfurth, 2778 | Rermioeeras Schweinfurth, 2787 ! Mvolo, Schweinfurth, 2845! Niamniam; Wando, Schweinfurth, 3229! Uganda: Madi, Speke & Grant, 750! WKavyirondo, Scott-Elliot, 7014! Chagwe and Buccs Dawe, 87! Toro, Dawe, 535! British Hast Africa: Shimba Tsai, Kidssner, 173 ! South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga; Moero, Verdick, Lukafu, Verdick, 19! 92. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: without precise locality, Busse, 643 ! Urambo, Hannington! Wilimanjaro, Smith! Usambara; Magila, Holst, 2229! Simbili, Holst, 2368! Megunda Mkali region, Speke § Grant! and without precise locality, Buckwald,105! Usaramo, 1000 ft., Goetze, 30! Portuguese East Africa : Shupanga, Kirk! Scott! British Central Africa: Batoka Country; near Sinamane, 2000 ft., Kir’! Tanganyika-Moero Plateau, Carson, 20! Nyasaland ; various localities, Kirk! Meller! Whyte! Whyte § MeClounie, 11! Buchanan, 232! Waller ! S. acuminatissimum, J’. Schum. in Engl. &: Prantl, Pflanzen- jam. iv. 3 B. 243. Branchlets rather stout, flattened at the nodes, finely striate, glabrous, blackish in the dried state. Leaves 17-23 in. long ; rhachis puberulous on the upper surface ; petiole 54-4 in. long ; leaflets 13-17, distinctly stalked, ovate-oblong or lanceolate (the lower- most ovate), long and sometimes abruptly acuminate at the apex, obtusely and unequally cuneate at the base, 3-6 in. long, 14-1} in. broad, entire, glabrous. Panicle ample, corymbose-pyramidal ; bracts foliaceous, lanceolate, ciliate, sparsely pubescent on the upper surface. Buds apiculate or acuminate. Calyx tubular, 8—9 lin. long, 2-lipped, glabrous, occasionally subspathaceous ; lobes 2, ovate, acute, 1—24 lin. long. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, 14-14 in. long; basal cylindric por- tion 5—5+ lin. long, pilose below the ‘Tasennon of the stamens; ventral portion of throat very sparsely villous ; lobes 5—7 lin. long, crenulate, sparsely ciliate. Stamens inserted 6-61 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers oblong-linear, 1—-i4 lin. long. Disc annular, entire, 2 lin. high. Ovary quadrangular, 23-34 lin. long, glabrous. Upper Guinea, Lagos, Phillips, 41! Cameroons, Preuss, 332 ! S. Zenkeri, K. Schum. ex De Wild. Ltudes Fl. Katanga, 130 (Jan. 1903). A tree 50-65 ft. high ; bark smooth, grey; crown dense, subglobose; branches stout, much flattened at the nodes, finely striate, minutely tomentellous, the young ones dark olive-green in the dried state. Leaves 13-17 in. lony; rhachis tomentellous; petiole 24-3 in. long; leaflets 11-15, distinctly stalked, ovate-oblong or oblong (the lowermost ovate), acuminate at the apex, unequally and obtusely cuneate at the base, 2}—5 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, entire, puberulous or glabrescent above, pubescent below, especially on the veins. Panicle ample, corym- bose; bracts foliaceous, lanceolate, pubescent on both surfaces. Buds obtuse. Calyx tubular, 64 5-7 lin. long, 2 2-lipped, pubescent or tomentose outside, glabrous inside: lobes 2— 3, 14-2 lin. long, ovate, obtuse. Corolla- tube funnel- -shaped, eae in. long; basal cylindric portion 5—6 lin. long, pilose below the ieention of the stamens; ventral portion of throat 520 XCVI. BIGNONIACEEH (SPRAGUB). [ Stereospermum. very sparsely villous; lobes 5-64 lin. long, crenulate, ciliate. Stamens inserted 6—64 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers oblong- linear, 1— it lin. long. Disc annular, entire, 2 lin. high. Ovary quadrangular, 24-23 “lin, pene: glabrous. —, bercuateaas AK, Schum. in Engl. Jahrb. Seesit 332 (March, 1903). Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker J Staudt, 3850! Zenker, 1481 ! 4, S. harmsianum, J. Schum. in Lngl. d Prantl, Phanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 243. A tree, 20 ft. high. Leaves 6-16 in. long; rhachis tomentose or pubescent; leaflets 7-11, elliptic-oblong, obovate, or oblong- obovate, rounded or obtuse at the apex and more or less apiculate, unequaliy rounded or obtuse or subcordate at the base, 13-4 in. long, 11-22 lin. broad, finely tomentose above and pale-brown in the dried state, tomentose and greyish-white beneath. Panicle tomentose ; rhachis triangular, with 7 or fewer whorls of ternate primary branches; further branching dichasial ; bracts linear-lanceolate, obtuse, tomentose, the lowermost 1 in. long. Calyx tubular, 6-103 lin. ‘long, aoe ly 2 2-4-lobed, greyish-tomentose outside, adpressed- -puberulous r -pubescent and lepidote inside; tube 55—8 lin. long; lobes triangular- Be ie or rounded, more or less apiculate, 122 3 lin. long or less. Corolla yellow with red stripes, funnel-shaped, slightly curved posticously, the upper half pubescent outside ; tube Gate lin. long; basal cylindric portion 44—5$ lin. long; lobes suborbicular, 2-34 lin. long. Stamens included, or the longer’ pair subexserted from the corolla-tube, inserted d3-7 lin. above its “hase ; filaments pilose at the base; anther-lobes oblong, 1-14 lin. long; eecuve slightly produced above them. Dise cupular, more or less lobed, 3-1 lin. high. Ovary quadrangular, 13-21 lin. long, glabrous or sparsely Tepidote. Capsule about 1 ft. lence valves with prominent midrib, SDL ESE pubescent, Seeds up to 3 in. long, including the wings, 4—5 lin. broad.—Henriques in Bolet. Soc. Brot. xvi. 71. 9S. Verdickii, De Wild. Etudes Fl. Katanga, 129. 8. katan- gensis, De Wild. lc. 130. Lower Guinea. Angola: district of Malange; Chicapo River, Marques, 244! South Central. Angola: Lunda; Kahungula, Buchner, 587! 629! Congo Free State: Katanga; Lukafu, Verdick, 194! 265! NEWBOULDLIA, Seem.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1045. Calyx opening late in bud, spathaceous, split down the anticous side, nearly straight. Corolla campanulate-funnel-shaped; limb slightly bilabiate ; lobes spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, included; anther- lobes attached at and for a short distance below the apex, oblong, slightly divergent below. Disc cupular, more or less lobed. Ovary oblong- linear, 4-angled, sligntly compressed; ovules 2-seriate in each cell, obliquely placed on the placentas. Capsule linear ; valves boat-shaped, coriaceous, flexible, glandular. Seeds obliquely winged at the ends.— Newbouldia. | XCVI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). 521 A tree or shrub with opposite or ternate, more rarely alternate, impari- pinnate leaves, and terminal panicles of pink, purple or purple and white flowers. Monotypic, endemic. The new species from Zanzibar, mentioned by Bentham & Hooker, l.c., is Warkhamia zanzibarica, K. Schun. 1. N. leevis, Seem. in Jowrn. Bot..1863, 225; 1870, 211, 837. A nearly glabrous shrub or tree, 10—40 ft. hie. are aioe, sub- terete, glabrous, pallid. Leaves opposite or ternate (more rarely alternate), long petioled, 1—2 ft. long; leaflets 7-13, subsessile, ovate- oblong, obovate or lanceolate, obtusely long-acuminate, 3-8 in. long, 1-3} in. broad, glandular at the base on the lower surface, midrib sometimes minutely puberulous on the upper, leaflets otherwise glabrous, distinctly reticulated. Flowers in dense terminal racemes of 3—7-flowered cymes ; pedicels 2-3 lin. long. Calyx oblong, green or purplish-brown, 5-12 lin. long, bilobed at the apex, dotted with a few large glands, especially in “the lower half; lobes minutely toothed at the apex. Corolla campanulate-funnel-shaped, 2—24 in. long, pink, purple, or white with purplish spots and lines, minutely pubescent inside; tube 1} in. long, basal cylindric portion 33-44 lin. long ; lobes spathulate- obovate, $—} in. long, gland-dotted and more or less puberulous outside. Stamens inserted 4—5 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; filaments thickened and glandular-pilose at the base; anther-lobes about 24 lin. long. Disc about 1 lin. high. Ovary linear, quadrangular or roughly So, about 4 lin. long, elandular ; ; style slightly bent above its insertion. Capsule about 1 ft. long, pointed; valves 3-nerved, gland-dotted; septum 1 lin, thick, 5—6 lin. broad ; seeds asymmetric, obliquely winged at each end, 14 in. long (including the wings), 4 in. broad._-Bureau, Monogr. Bignon. t. 15; Henriques in Bolet. Soc. Brot. x. 145; De Wild. & Durand, Contrib. Fl. Congo, i. 45; Relig. Dewevr. 172; Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1. 790. Wewbouldia pentandra, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1870, 538. Spathodea levis, Beauv. Fl. Owar. i. 48, 4. 29; Vent. Choix, No, 40, in note ; Pers. Syn. 1.173; DC. Prodr. ix. 208; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4557; Lem. Jard. Fleur. i. t. 51. 8. adenantha, G. Don, Gen. syst. iv. 222; DC. Prodr. ix. 207. S. pentandra, Hook. Bot. Mag. fe Oro) ee CS, Sond. in Hamburger Gartenzeit. iv. 8370; Bot. Zeit. 1848, 792; Walp. Ann. i. 89. 8. speciosa, Brongn. in Lem. Herb. Gen. Amat. 2™ sér. t. 70, and in Lem. Hort. Univ. v. 357, with fig. ; DC. Prodr. ix. 568; Morren in Ann. Soc. eS Bot. Gand, v.218, t. 260; Planch. in FI. Serres, 1” sér. vi. 309, t. 634 (levis on plate). hignonia glandulosa, Schumach, & Thonn. ae Guin. Pl. 274. Upper Guinea. Senegal: Cayor, Dollinger, 36! and without precise locality, Heudelot, 818! Gambia, Ozanne, 4! Brown-Lester, 831! 846! Sierra Leone : Searcies ; Kambia, Scott-Elliot, 4350! aud without precise locality, Garrett, 21! Barter ! Liberia; near Monrovia, Whyte! Gold Coast: Aburi Hills, Johnson, 297! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 65! Dahomey, Burton! Wugos: Ebvte Metta, Millen, 59! and without precise locality, Millen, 25! Aloloney, xxvi.! Southern Nigeria: Cross River Division, I/cLeod! Fernando Po, Mann, 84! Cameroons : Yaunde, Zenker d Staudt, 104! 724! Bipinde, Zenker, 1594! and without precise locality, Kalbreyer, 48! Preuss, 515! 22 XCWI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). | Vewbouldia. Lower Guinea. Island of St. Thomas, Welwitsch, 1259! Gossweiler, 134! Moller, Gaboon: Munda: Sibange Farm, Soyaux, 421! South Central. Congo Free State: Dyema Lianga; Campi, Cabra ; Lukungu, Laurent. 6. MARKHAMITA, Seem. ; K.Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. v..d B. 242, Calyx opening late in bud, spathaceous, split down the posticous side, boat-shaped in outline, more or less cuspidate or uncinate at the apex. Corolla funnel-shaped or campanulate-funnel-shaped ; limb bilabiate ; lobes spreading. Stamens 4, didynamous, included; anther-lobes attached at the apex, tapering towards the base, divergent. Disc annular or cupular. Ovary oblong; ovules 4—6-seriate in each cell. Capsule linear ; valves flat or nearly so; true septum very small, bearing in its middle a much larger false septum parallel to the valves. Seeds oblong, winged at the ends.—Trees and shrubs, with opposite, simply imparipinnate leaves, and terminal or lateral panicles or racemes; corolla yellow with chocolate or red stripes, or greenish-yellow with purple spots and brownish-purple lobes, rarely lilac. Species 12, 2 of them Asiatic, Pseudostipules orbicular, foliaceous. Corolla 14-1} in. long; lobes brownish-purple; tube purple-spotted. Adult leaves pubescent on both surfaces : . 1. IW puberula. Adult leaves not pubescent. Pedicels 2-4 lin. long; inflorescence terminal or both terminal and axillary. Inflorescence a rather strict raceme of 53- 2 flowered cymes ; seeds under } in. long, with a nearly square nucleus : 2. WW. stenocarpa, REED ay De a loose panicle of 3-7- flowered cymes; seeds 1-13 in. long, with an aon nucleus. : . 38. W. zanzibarica. Fedices rae lin. long; mifloreccerce @ avila . A WW, acuminata. Corolla 14-24 in. long, yellow (very rarely lilac). Calyx ngs tly cuspidate ; filaments densely fur furaceous at the base . Calyx acuminate; filaments pilose at ene base, Calyx herbaceous; corolla-lobes conspicuously . 5, VW. platycalye. glandular 9 6. UW. (utea, Calyx membranous ; Corolle lobes ine onspicuously glandular F d : 3 . 7. W. Hildebrandtic. Peeudoshipules conical or subulate, not foliaceous, Lateral cymes sessile ¢ “ . : : . 8. MW. sessilis. Lateral cymes peduncled. Leatiets rounded or subcordate at the base ; pseudo- stipules subulate-acuminate from a_ broad base, 3-6 lin. Jong; capsule velvety-to- mentose . 6 : : 9. J. lanata. Leatlets wedge-shaped at ahs base ; pecudostinules conical, not acuminate, 2-44 lin. long ; capsule finely pubescent or puberulous. . 10. AL, tomentosa. NG) 9 Murkhamia. | XCVI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). . M. puberula, A. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B, 242, A shrub or a tree, 26—32 ft. ae (Schumann) ; branchlets and leaves densely pubescent. Leaves £5 in. long ; leaflets a7, elliptic-oblong or ovate, sometimes shortly ~ eee. 1-2 in. long, 3-1 in. broad, obtuse or retuse, entire or serrate. Racemes axillary, borne on the old wood, 3-6 in. long, pubescent, sometimes leafy at the base. Peduncles 4—5 lin. long; pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Calyx 44 lin. long, minutely cuspidate, split down to within 1-14 lin. from the base, pubescent, sparsely lepidote. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, 124 lin. long, purple-spotted; basal cylindric portion 3 lin. long, 1 lin. in diam.; lobes brownish-purple, 4-5 lin. long. Stamens inserted 3 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anther-lobes 1 lin. long, acute at the base. Disc annular, $ lin. high. Ovary 1} lin. long, densely lepidote.—Engl. Jahrb, xxviii. 480; Enel. PA. Ost- Afr. C. 5363. Spathodea puber ula, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 192. Juenteria puberula, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1870, 339. Dolichundrone hirsuta, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Uluguru; Mgasi, Goetze, 136. Portuguese Kast Africa: Lowér Zambesi; Tete, Kirk! Peters ! M. stenocarpa, A. Schum. in Hngl. &: Prantl, Phanzenfam. iv 5 B, 242. A tree, 15-25 ft. high; branchlets glabrous. Leaves 54-10 in. long; leaflets 7, ovate or elliptic-oblong, rather abruptly acuminate, 14—5 in. long, 1—2 in. broad, entire, very Aminutely : and sparsely puberu- lous and lepidote. Raceme ter a cil rhachis lenticellate. Peduncle. 2 lin. long, pilose, soon glabrescent ; pedicels 3 a long or less. Calyx 93-6 lin. long, uncinate, split down to within 3-2 lin. from the base, lepidote. Corolla-tube campanulate-funnel-shaped, 11-12 lin. long, greenish-yellow with purple spots; basal cylindric portion 2} lin. long, it lin. in diam.; lobes brownish-purple, 4-6 lin. long, crenulate. Scamens inserted 21 —3 lin. above the base of the corolla- tube; anther- lobes lin. long, obtuse at the base. Disc annular, 2 lin. high. Ovary 2} lin. long, lepidote. Capsule falcate, 1-14 ft. long, 4-5 ln. eae lenticellate : seeds 8—9 lin. long, 23-33 lin. broad ; nucleus 24-22 lin. loner, Cat. Welw. Afr. Pl.i. 791. i/wenteria stenocarp4, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 329, t. 36 eicdine Kirk’s specimen). Spathodeu stenocarpa, Welw. ex Seem. le. Dolichundrone stenocarpa, Baker 11 Kew Bulletin, 1894, 31. Lower Guinea. Angola: Goungo Alto; at the River Luinha and near Cambondo, Welwitsch, 482! Pungo Andongo; forest of Mata de Cabondo and near Luxille, Welwitsch, 483 ! M. zanzibarica, A. Schum. ex Enyl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 34, 36. A shrub or small tree, 10 ft. high; branchlets glabrous. Leaves 5-15 in. long ; leaflets 7, elliptic-oblong, long acuminate, mucronulate, 13-6 in. long, 3-24 in. broad, entire or serr ulate, especially towards the apex, coriaceous, brownish srl dry, glabrous above, minutely lepidote | below. Racemes terminal and lateral, lepidote ; rhachis conspicuously lenticellate. Peduncles 4 lin. long; pedicels 2-4 lin. long. Calyx 6-7 lin. long, shortly uncinate, split down to within 1-4 lin. from th: a24 XCVI. BIGNONIACEA (SPRAGUE), | Markhamia. base, Jepidote, sometimes puberulous. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, 11-12 lin. long, yellowish with purple spots; basal cylindric portion 3—44 lin. long, 1 14 lin. in diam. ; lobes brownish-purple, 4—5 lin. long, Stamens casemate pas, lin. above the base of the corolla-tube; anther- lobes 1 lin. long, acute at the base. Disc annular, 3 lin. high. Ovary 2-24 lin. long, densely lepidote. Capsule faleate, 1-14 ft. long, 5-6 lin. broad, lenticellate ; seeds 1-12 in. long, 24—2$ lin. proatle nucleus 5-6 ifn, long. —Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 242. M. sansibarica, K. Schum. ex Engl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 16; Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 363; Engl. Jahrb. xxxiil. 3832. Spathodea tenuifolia, Bojer, Hort. Maurit. 219. 8S. zanzibarica, Bojer ex DC. Prodr. ix. 208; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 191. J/uenteria zanzibarica, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1870, 339. Dolichandrone latifolia, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 31. Wile Rand. British East Africa: Nyika Country, near Mombasa, Wakefield ! Mozamb. Bist. Zanzibar: Kokotoni, MWildebrandt, 977! German East Africa: Usambara; Derema, Scheffer, 126! Masheua, Holst, 8795! Tanga, Heinsen, 113! Mugila, Kirk! Usaramo; Dar-es-Sa'aam, Air’! Portuguese Kast Africa: Mozambique, Forbes, 15! 4. M. acuminata, A. Schum. in Hugl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 363. A shrub (Peters) or a tree, 10-20 ft. high (Lugard); branchlets minatal lepidote, Leaves 5—9 in. long ; leaflets 5—7, elliptic, shortly and obtusely or, more rarely, acutely acuminate, 1-4 in. long, 3-24 in. broad, entire or serrulate, minutely and sparsely puberulous and lepidote above, lepidote below. Racemes axillary, borne on the old wood, lepidote, sometimes leafy at the base. Pedicels 4—7 lin. long, slender, minutely bibracteolate below the middle. Calyx 7—9 Jin. long, cuspidate or uncinate, split down to within 14-3 lin. from the base, lepidote, some- times puberulous. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, 14-15 lin. long, yellowish with purple spots; basal cylindric portion 23-3 lin. long, 14 lin. in diam.; lobes brownish-purple, 6-8 lin. long. Stamens inserted 3-34 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anther-lobes 1 lin. long, obtuse at the base. Dise annular, nearly 1 lin. high. Ovary 1$—2 lin. long, lepidote. Capsule 1-14 ft. long, 5 lin. broad, lenticellate ; nucleus of seed 4—4} lin. long, 2 lin. broad.—Spathodea acuminata, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 191. J/wenteria stenocarpa, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 329, partly (as to Kirk’s specimen). Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese Kast Africa: opposite Sena, Airk / between Tete and Kaurabassa, Kirk! Bechuanaland: Neamiland; Kwebe Hills, Lugard, 55! 58! South Tropical Africa, Baines ! M. infundibuliformis, K. Schum. in Lngl. § Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 242, and in Eagl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 363, from Msalala (Hannington !) ie Ussure (Fischer, 460!) in German East Africa, scarcely differs from M. acuminata (as far as the material goes) except in having the veins of the leaflets distinctly pilose on the under crater, even in the adul t state. Fischer’s pote has serrate leaflets, Hannington’s entire leaflets. It is possible that the capsule and seeds, when known, may furnish further characters by which to separate I. tnfundibulifornis from IM, acuminata. Markhamia. | XCVI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). 525 M. platycalyx, Sprague in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2300. A tree, 30—L0) ft. high; branchlets lepidote. Leaves 64-12 in. long; leaflets 5-9, shortly stalked, elliptic-oblong or obovate, rather shortly, abr wupuly and obtusely acuminate, mucronulate, cuneate at the base, 2—54 in. long, 1{—2/ in. broad, entire or serrate, lepidote above, very ions 7 lepidote below and pilose in the axils of the veins. Panicles terminal and axillary; rhachis lenticellate, densely lepidote, pilose above, especially at the nodes. Pedicels 3-5 lin. long, densely pubescent. Calyx 7-8 lin. long, shortly and obtusely cuspidate, split down to witain 23-3 lin. from the base, densely lepidote, pubescent. Corolla yellow, sinned with red on the lower lip; tube Cana above, 16-18 lin. long ; basal cylindric portion 4 lin. long, 13-1 lin. in diam.:; lobes 6—7 lin. long, , conspiculously glandular. Stamens inserted 34-41 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; filaments much thickened and fur- furaceous at une base ; anther- lobes 14-1} lin. long. Disc cupular, 14 lin. high. Ovary 34 lin. long, very densely. lepidote, minutely pubescent. Stigma- lobes elite bitid at the apex. Capsule over 1 ft. long, 44—5 lin. broad, minutely puberulous and lepidote; midrib of valves very pro- minent; seeds 9 Jin. long, 13 lin. broad; nucleus 34 lin. long.— Dolichandrone platycalyx, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 30. Nile Land. Uganda: near Entebbe, 4000 ft.. Mahon! Busiro, 3900 ft., Dawe, 217! Usoga, Scott-Hiliot, 7208! Wimi Valley, 7000-8000 ft., Scott- Elliot, 7830! and without precise locality, Wilson, 119 ! This tree, which is known in Uganda under the nat ve name Lusambia, is said to yield “the finest of local timbers’? (Wahon). M. lutea, A. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Phanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 242. A shrub or tree, 15-30 ft. high; branchlets tinely lepidote, soon glabrescent. Leaves 9—20 in. long; leaflets 7-11, conspicuously stalked, ovate, ovate-oblong or lance a acuminate, mucronulate, cuneate or attenuate at the base, 3-74 in. long, 14-2 in. broad, entire or ocea- sionally serrulate in a yoane state, Peecly lepidote or glabrescent above, lepidote and sometimes puberulous below. Panicles terminal and axillary, corymbose, densely lepidote ; rhachis blackish, densely lenticellate. Peduncles 1-24 ln. long ; pedicels 2—34 lin. long. Calyx 10-14 lin. long, uncinate, split down fo within 3 }—6 lin, from “the base, herbaceous, densely lepidote. Corolla yellow, rarely lilac (Brown) ; tube campanulate above, 15-20 lin. long; basal cylindric portion 4— —d4 lin. long, 13-2 lin. in diam. ; lobes 7—9 lin. long, conspiculously glandular. Stamens inserted 4—5} lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; filaments much thickened and pilose at the base; anther-lobes 1 =i lin. long. Disc annular, $—$ lin. high. Ovary 24-3 lin. long, very densely lepidote ; stigma-lobes elliptic or elliptic- oblong, bifid at the apex. Capsule faleate, 18— 22 in. long, 5-64 lin. broad, minutely and densely lepidote ; seeds 1-1 in. long, 24- 23 lin. broad ; nucleus 43—5 lin. loag.—De Wild. ierand, Relig. Dersere. uhh Sprasue in Hook. Ie. “PL. sub t. 250 i Bpathodea lutea, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 461, partly (as regards the’ Fernando Po plant). Dolichandrone lutea, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ll. 1046. Muenteria lutea, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1870, 338, partly (as regards Vogel’s and Ansell’s specimens). 26 XOVI. BIGNONIACEA) (SPRAGUE). [ Markhania. Upper Guinea. Gold Coast, Brown, 393! Fernando Po, Mann, 5! 3899! Vogel, 60! Ansell! Cameroons: Victoria, Kalbreyer, 33! Yaunde, Zenker, 251 ! Zenker & Staudt, 66! avd without precise locality, Preuss, 486 ! M. Hildebrandtii, Sprague mm Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2800, fig. 9- A shrub or small tree; branchlets finely lepidote. Leaves 6-10 in. long; leaflets 7-9, shortly stalked, ovate or ovate-oblong, obtusely acuminate, cuneate at the base, 2—4 in. long, 3-2 in. broad, entire, minutely lepidote. Panicle terminal or terminal and axillary ; rhachis lenticellate, densely lepidote, pilose above. Pedicels 2 lin. long. Calyx 9-114 lin. long, shortly uncinate, split down to within 2—4 lin. from the base, membranous, finely and densely lepidote, puberulous. Corolla yellow ; tube campanulate-funnel-shaped, 16-20 lin. long ; basal cylindric portion 5—5} lin. long, 14 lin. in diam. ; lobes 7-10 lin. long, sparsely and inconspicuously glandular. Stamens inserted 51-7 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube; filaments slightly thickened and pilose at the base; anther-lobes 1-14 lin. long. Disc annular, }—2 lin. high. Ovary 24-21 lin. long, minutely and densely lepidote; stigma- Jobes elliptic or ovate, entire or minutely serrulate-—M. lutea, K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 363, partly (as regards the East African localities), not of Kk. Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B, 242. Dolichandrone [Hildebrandti, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 31. Nile Land. British Hast Africa: Ukamba; Kitui, Hildebrandt, 2732! Kikuyu; Nairobi, Adssner, 967 ! Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara : Derema, Scheffier, 142! 8. M. sessilis, Sprague. A shrub or tree, 5-30 ft. high: branchlets pubescent or puberulous. Leaves 9-21 in. long; leaflets 11-15, ovate, ovate-oblong or lanceolate, obtusely acuminate, 3-74 in. long, 1-3 in. broad, entire or serrulate, glabrous above, except the veins (rarely puber ulous), finely pubescent or glabrescent below ; pseudostipules subulate, 4—5 lin. long, pubescent. Raceme terminal, oblong, elongated, tomentose ; lateral cymes sessile. Pedicels 3-4 lin. long. Calyx Titans long, rostrate, split down to within 3 lin. from the base, shortly tomentose; beak 24-4 lin. long. Corolla yellow, with reddish stripes ; tube 18-19 lin. nove basal ey lindrie portion 3—4 lin. long, 1}—-1$ lin. in diam. ; lobes conspicuously glandular. Stamens in- serted 33-44 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube; filaments slightly thickened and furfuraceous at the base; anther-lobes 14-1 lin. long. Dise annular, ¢ lin. high. Ovary 4-5 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma-lobes. elliptic or ovate-lanceolate, entire or dentate. Capsule slightly curved,. 14-3 ft. long, 8-9 lin. broad, finely tomentose ; seeds 13-183 lin. long, 3-34 lin. broad; nucleus 43-53 lin. long.—J/uenteria tomentosa, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 530, t. 385, partly (as regards figure and Angola plant, excl. synonyms). Markhamia tomentosa, Hiern, Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 792, not of K. Schum. Lower Guinea. Lower Congo, Smith! Angcla: Golungo Alto; near Sange, at the base of the Serra de Alto Queta, Welwitsch, 485! among the moun- tains of Cungalungulo, Welwitsch, 485b! and fruit, 815! \ Markhamia.| . XCVI, BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). PT Var. brachyrhyncha, Sprague. Whole plant more glabrous. Leaflets under 4 in. long, finely reticulate above; lateral veins regular, conspicuous on the lower surface ; pseudostipules puberulous. Raceme under 4 in. long. Calyx 73-84 lin. long; beak 1 14-1? lin. long, much swollen aud glandular at the base. Corolla-tube 15 lin. long; basal cylindric portion 24—3 lin. long; lobes 8-9 lin. long. Stamens inserted 24—3 lin. above the base. Lower Guinea. [French Congo: Loango; jungle near Zala, in the Chinchocho district, Soyauxr, 208! The specimen of Welwitsch, 485, in the Kew Herbarium is typical IZ. sessilis, as is that of Welwitsch, 485b, in the British Museum; but Welwitsch, 485, in the British Museum has isolated peduncled cymes, which seem to have been borne laterally on a common rhachis, approaching in this respect IZ. tomentosa, Ik. Schum. M. lanata, A’. Schwir. in Engl. & Prantl, Planzenfam. iv.3 B. 242. A shrub, 5-15 ft. high (A7ré) or a tree, 29-50 ft. high (Purves) ; branchlets tomentose, soon glabrescent. Leaves 6—17 in. long ; leaflets 5-11, ovate-oblong, elliptic or obovate, shortly acuminate or rounded at the apex, rounded or subcordate at the base, 24-62 in. long, 14-31 in. broad, entire or more rarely serrulate, pubescent or puberulous above, tomentose below; pseudostipules subulate, acuminate, 3-6 lin, long, tomentose. Raceme terminal, oblong, elongated, tomentose; lateral cymes many-flowered, Peduncles 3—) lin. long ; pedicels 6—9 lin. long. Calyx 9-15 lin. long, obtusely uncinate or cnspidate, split down to within 2-4 lin. from the base, densely tomentose. Corolla yellow, striped with chocolate; tube 11-17 lin. long, abruptly and broadly campanulate above ; basal cylindri¢ portion 2-4 lin. long, 2-3 lin. in diam.; lobes 5—15 lin. long, conspicuously glandular. Stamens in- serted 5-34 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube; filaments thickened and pilose at the base; anther-lobes 14-1} lin. long. Dise cupular, 4-11 lin. high, 4-2 lin. thick, not touching the ovary. Ovary 3-44 lin. ‘long, glabrous or minutely lepidote ; stigma- lobes elliptic, obtuse, entire or serrulate. Capsule falcate or aeely straight, 14-2 ft. long, 9-12 lin. broad, velvety-tomentose; seeds 12-12 in. long, 54-4 lin. broad ; nucleus 4452 lin. long Sprague i in Hood Ic. Pl. t. 2800, fig. 8. M. tomentosa, K. Schum. in Engl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 34, 49, partly (as to description and localities, exci. synonyms) ; Engl. Jahrb. XXvill. 480. MW. pauctfoliolata, De Wild. Etudes Fi. Katanga, 131. MM. Ver- dickii, De Wild. 1. c. 182. Dolichandrone obtusifolia, Baker in Kew Bulletin, 1894, 3 Mozamb. Dist. German Hast Africa: Kagehi, Fischer, 461! Usambara, Buchwald, 697! Magila, Holst, 2228! Usaramo; Bagamoya, Kirk ! and without precise locality, Busse, 50! Portuguese East Africa : Lower Shire; at the foot of Morambala, Kirk ! Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Airk’! British Central Africa : Tanganyika; Niumkolo, Carson, 12! Lake Nyasa; Likoma Islands, Johnson, 40 ! 68 partly! Nyasaland, Buchanan, 781! Zomba, 2900 ft., Purves, 65! Mlanji, Scott-Elliot, 8688! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 18! South Central. Congo Free State: Lukafu, Verdick, 54! Lofoi, Verdick ! Yields an excellent timber according to Verdick. 528 XCVI. BIGNONIACE# (SPRAGUE). | Markhamia. 10. M. tomentosa, KX. Schum. ex Hngl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 34, 49, partly (as to the synonymy, excl. description and localities). A tree, 30 ft. high ; branchlets tomentose or pubescent. Leaves J—17 in. long ; leaflets 9-13, ovate or ovate-oblong, acuminate, wedge-shaped at the base, 3-64 in. long, 14-3 in. broad, entire or finely serrulate, thinly coriaceous or almost membranous, puberulous or glabrescent above (pubescent when young), tomentose or pubescent, rarely glabrescent, below ; pseudostipules conical, 2-44 lin. long, tomentose. Raceme terminal, oblong, elongated, tomentose; lateral cymes 3— to many- flowered. Peduncles 4-9 lin. long; pedicels 3-8 lin. long. Calyx 11-124 lin. long, uncinate, split down to within 14-24 lin. from the base, tomentose. Corolla pale yellow ; tube 15-18 lin. long, campanu- late above; basal cylindric portion 3-4 lin. long, 14-2 lin. in diam. ; lobes 8-13 lin. long, conspicuously glandular. Stamens inserted 4—44 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; filaments thickened and pilose at the base; anther-lobes 14-2 lin. long. Disc annular, {1+ lin. high, 1-3 lin. thick, contiguous with the ovary. Ovary 4-44 lin. long, glabrous, or minutely lepidote at the base; stigma-lobes elliptic-ovate, | obtuse or retuse. Capsule falcate, 2-24 ft. long, 7-94 lin. broad, finely pubescent or puberulous; seeds 14-1} in. long, 3—4 lin. broad ; nucleus 5-7 lin. long.—Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 242, partly. Snathodea tomentosa, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 462. Dolichandrone tomentosa, Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 1046. I/wenteria tomentosa, Seem, in Journ. Bot. 1865, 330, partly (as regards the synonymy, excl. deseription, figure and Angolan locality). J/. lutea, Seem. lc. 1870, 338, partly (as regards Barter, 555). Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 877! Sierra Leone: Talla Hills ; near Ninia, Scott-Elliot, 4992! Sulimania, Scott-Elliot, 5281! Lagos, Phillips, 58! Northern Nigeria: Mount Patteh, Barter, 555! Vogel, 176! Cameroons: Yaunde, Zenker, 1432! “Niger Expedition, probably Fernando Po,” Vogel ! Var. gracilis, Sprague. Leaves membranous, finely serrulate, glabrescent below except the veins. Racemes short, slender ; flowers somewhat smaller; calyx shortly cuspidate— Muenteria lutea, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1870, 338, partly (as regards Barter’s Nupe plant). Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 1310! 7. SPATHODEA, Beauv. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1045. Calyx opening late in bud, spathaceous, split down the posticous side, recurved, boat-shaped in outline, more or less acuminate. Corolla broadly campanulate above, abruptly narrowed to a cylindric basal portion; limb slightly bilabiate; lobes ascending. Stamens 4, didyna- mous, scarcely exserted ; anther-lobes attached at the apex, lnear, divaricate. Dise annular, truncate-conical in outline, more or less 5-lobed at the top. Ovary oblong; ovules multiseriate in each cell. Capsule oblong-lanceolate, narrowed at both ends; valves boat-shaped, rather woody.—Trees with opposite or ternate imparipinnate leaves and terminal corymbose racemes of scarlet or crimson flowers. Species 2, both endemic. Ovary papillose . : : : 0 : : . 1. 8. campanula. Ovary densely pilose . j . : : : . 2. 8. milotica. ow Spathodea. | XCVI. BIGNONIACEH (SPRAGUE). 529 1. S. campanulata, Leauv. Fl. Owar. i. 47, t. 27. A tree, 20-70 ft. high. Branches subterete, striolate, glabrescent. Leaves opposite, 6-18 in. long; rhachis minutely (rarely conspicuously) pubescent ; leaflets 9-19, shortly stalked or subsessile, ovate or ovate-oblong, acutely acuminate, 2—5 in. long, 1-2 in. broad, entire, thinly coriaceous, the veins usually minutely pubescent on both surfaces, otherwise glabrous or glabrescent (rarely puberulous above, densely pubescent below), lower surface glandular at or near the base; veins not at all or scarcely im- pressed on the upper surface. Flowers in short dense terminal corymbose racemes ; rhachis and pedicels finely tomentose, the lower ones 1—2 in. long. Calyx navicular, recurved, usually long-beaked, 14—3 in. long, conspicuously ribbed, finely tomentose with very short subadpressed hairs. Corolla scarlet or crimson, orange at the margin, 3-44 in. long, tube 2-24 in. long; basal cylindric portion about 4 in. long ; lobes ovate, crispate, 1— ies in. long. Anther- lobes 4—5 lin. one Dice 2 lin. high, more or less toned Ovar ry 3 lin. long, minutely papillose. Cap- sule lanceolate-oblong, 8 in. long; valves keeled, attenuate at both ends, dark brown, glabrous - ; septum Ik in. broad. Seeds 1 in. ee or more, 8 lin. broad, including the hyaline wing.—Pers. Syn. ii. 173; Vent. Choix, No. 40, in note; DC. Prodr, ix. 208 ; Benth. in ee Niger Flora, 461; Lindl. in Paxt. Fl. Gard. 111. 153, t. 104; Planch. in FI. Serres, 1'° sér. vill. t. 830; Lem. Jard. Fleur. iv. tt. 388-389; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 5091; Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 332, t. 40; Treub in Ann. Jard. Buitenz. vii. 38, t. 18; Hlochreut, in Ann. Conserv. et Jard. Bot. Genéve, 1898, 96; Durand & Schinz, Pie Fl. Congo, i. 215; De Wild. & Durand, Contrib. FI. Congo, 1.1. 45; be. 1. 1. 46 ; Relig. Dewevr. 172; ; Henriques i in Bolet. Soc. ee xvi. 72; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i 791. S. tulipifera, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 223 ; DC. Prodr. ix. 207. S. danckelmaniana, Biittn. in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxxi. 87. Bignonia tulipifera, Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guim. Pl 273. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: North-east from Sierra Leone, Garrett, 3! Scarcies, Scott-Elliot, 4502! Togo: near Lome, Warnecke, 447! Lagos: Abeokuta, Jrving ! Yoruba, Moloney! Southern Nigeria: Niger Delta, Barter, 560! Confluence of the Niger at Stirling, dnsel/ / New Calabar, Holland, 151! Cross River Division, Johnston! Fernando Po, Mann, 387! Cameroons: Ambas Bay, Mann ; Yaunde, Zenker & Staudt, 669! Bipinde, Zenker, 1090! and without precise locality, Braun ! Lower Guinea. French Congo: between the Gaboon River and Sibange, Biittver, 376; Sibange, Soyaux, 31! Loango: Chinchocho, Soyaus, 88! Mayomb, Cabra. Lower Congo, Smith! Dupuis. Angola: Loanda; Dembo, Gilet; valley of the Luachim River, Marques, 804; Quiballa, Monteiro ! Libongo, Welwitsch, fruit, Sl4. Cazengo, Gossweiler, 581! forest at the banks of the Luinha River, near Aguas Doces, Welwitsch, 487. Golungo Alto; near Sange, N-della, Cambondo, Tr ombeta, and around Bango, Welwitsch, 486! by the Menha Lula road, Welwitsch, fruit, 813. South Central. Congo Free State: Katanga, Briart ; Lukolela, Dewevre, 842; Mukolue River, a tributary of Lubudi River, Descamps ; Lualaba, Laurent ; Upoto, Wilwerth ; Kasai ; Sankuru, Laurent ; Cataracts District, Laurent. 2. S. nilotica, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 333. A bushy tree, VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 2M 530 XCVI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). [ Spathodea. 15-20 ft. high, trunk 4 ft. in circumference. Branchlets subterete, striolate, puvescent. Leaves opposite or ternate, 5-16 in. long; rhachis densely pubescent ; leaflets 9-15, subsessile, ovate-oblong, shortly and acutely acuminate, 1$—4 in. long, entire, coriaceous, glabrous above except on the puberulous impressed veins, densely pubescent or tomentose below and glandular at the base. Flowers in short dense terminal corymbose racemes; rhachis and pedicels tomentose, the lower 1-13 in. long. Calyx navicular, recurved, 14-2 in. long, densely tomentose with spreading or subadpressed hairs. Corolla of S. campanulata. Anther- lobes 33-4 lin. long. Disc about 14 lin. high, lobed. Ovary 3 lin. long, densely pilose.—K. Schum. in Engl. Pf. Ost-Afr. C. 363; De Wild. & Durand, Contrib. Fl. Congo, i. i. 45; Pl. Thonner. Congol. 36; Johnston, The Uganda Protectorate, i. 68 with coloured fig. S. campanulata, 8. Moore in Journ, Linn. Soc. Bot. xxxvil. 193, not of Beauv. Spathodea sp. (near S'. companulata), T. Thoms. in Speke, Nile, Append. 642; Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soe. xxix. 124. Nile Land. Niamniam: by the Mansilli Brook, Schweinfurth, 3899! Uganda: Buvuma Island, Bagshawe, 625! Unyoro, Speke § Grant, 571! Kavirondo and Usoga, Whyte ! South Central. Congo Free State: Monbuttu; at the northern boundary, Schweinfurth, 3563! Upoto, Wilwerth ; Bokapo, near Ngali, 1450-1500 ft., Thonuer, 60. Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa, Hannington / 8. RHIGOZUM, Burch. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1048. Calyx opening early in bud, more or less regular, campanulate or tubular-campanulate, 5-toothed. Corolla funnel-shaped or campanulate- funnel-shaped ; limb subbilabiate; lobes 5, subequal, spreading. Stamens 5, all perfect; anther-lobes connate above, free and parallel below. Disc saucer-shaped, lobed or entire. Ovary contracted at the base; ovules 2-seriate in each cell. Capsule oblong or elliptic-oblong, acumi- nate, much compressed parallel to the septum ; valves smooth.—Erect, much-branched, spiny shrubs; leaves solitary or fascicled on axillary or terminal cushions, simple, trifoliolate or pinnate; flowers yellow, salmon-coloured or white, solitary or fascicled on the leaf-cushions. Species 5, three of the following and one other occurring in South Africa. Leaves simple, undulate ; branches ternate . ; . 1. R&R. trichotomum. Leaves simple or trifoliolate, not undulate ; branches not ternate. Leaves simple or both simple and trifoliolate ; blade oblong- or linear-oblanceolate . : : . 2. RK. brevispinosum. Leaves all trifoliolate; blade suborbicular or obcordate : 6 0 . : : . 3. R&R. somalense. Leaves pinnate . 6 : : : : : . 4. R&R. zambesiacum. 1. R. trichotomum, Burch. Trav.i. 299. An erect shrub, 3-4 ft. high. Branches ternate ; branchlets straight, obliquely erect. Leaves simple, subsessile, alternate or ternate on the youngest shoots, on the mature branches 3—5 fascicled on small cushions, sessile on the branches, TRhigozwm. | NOVI, BIGNONIACEH (SPRAGUE). 531 oblong-spathulate, spathulate or obovate-spathulate, more rarely obcor- date, 34-8 lin. long, 14-3} lin. broad, undulate, glabrous, or more rarely stellately pubescent. Flowers several, fascicled on terminal, or more rarely lateral, cushions. Calyx tubular- campanulate or campanulate, 2-4 lin. long, irregularly 3—4-lobed, more or less 5-cuspidate, often prominently ribbed, pilose or subglabrous. Corolla salmon-coloured ; tube funnel-shaped, $—} in. long, cylindric portion equalling or exceed- ing the calyx, glabrous outside, slightly pilose within below the insertion of the stamens; lobes 3-6 lin. long, crenulate. Stamens inserted 244 lin. above the base of the Eorolliae tube ; filaments 4—5 lin. long; anthers 2—4 lin. long, more or less beaked or apiculate. Ovary 1-14 hin. long. Capsule oblong, shortly beaked, 37 in. long, ) lin. broad.—Dreéege in Linnea, xx. 195; DU. Prodr. ix. 234; O. Kuntze in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berlin, iv. 270; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 254, excl. reference to Fenzl; Sprague in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. 1. 451, and in Hook, Ic. Pl. t. 2799; not of other authors. Lower Guinea. (German South-west Africa: Hererolend; Otyimbingue, Fischer, 98! and without precise locality, Pechuel-Loesche. Also in South Africa. IZarloth,782, which I quoted under 2. obovatum, Burch., in FI. Cap. iv. ii. 452, on the strength of Engler’s reference to Fenzl’s figure (Denkschr. Bot. Gesellsch. Regensburg, iii, t. 5), has since been lent to Kew, and proves to be R. triehotomum, Burch. . R. brevispinosum, 0. Awnize in Jahrb. bot. Gart. Berlin, iv. oan An erect, slightly branched, spiny shrub, 4—10 ft. high. Branches virgate, quadrangular, tomentose or pubescent i in a young state, finally becoming glabrous; spines developed into leafy branches. Leaves usually all simple (occasionally both simple and trifoliolate), alternate on the young shoots, on older shoots fascicled 3-10 together on tomen- tose cushions, sessile or subsessile (the trifoliolate leaves with petiole 1-14 lin. long), oblong-oblanceolate or linear-oblanceolate, rounded, retuse or emarginate at the apex, tapered towards the base, 4—18 lin. long, 1-43 lin. broad, more or less densely tomentose in a young state, mature leaves tomentose or puberulous, rarely glabrous. Flowers solitary or fascicled on the leaf-cushions. Calyx campanulate, 24-4 lin. long, more or less irregularly Oelolveh tomentose outside, sometimes glandular in the upper part; tube 14—3 lin. long; lobes }-1 lin. long, rounded, mucronate or not. Corolla yellow or white ; tube campanu- late-funnel-shaped, 53-9 lin. long, minutely glandular-pilose at the throat and below the insertion of the stamens; basal cylindric portion 13-5 lin. long; lobes suborbicular, retuse or emarginate, 5-9 lin, e Getty aitete. Stamens exserted trom the corolla-tube, inserted 2— lin. above its base ; filaments 14-44 lin, long ; anthers 14-24 lin. ie or less, not apiculate. Ovary 1-14 lin. long. Capsule oblong or elliptic-oblong, 2-3 in. long, 6 lin. broad, beak about 3 lin. long. Nucleus of seed elliptic; hyaline wing 14-24 lin. broad.—R. brevi- spinum, K. Schum. in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 370. &. linifoliwm, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1899, 172. &. spinosum, Burch. ex Sprague in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii. 451. XCVI, BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). | Rhigozum. ° =) (SY) eS Lower Guinea. Angola: between Otyenyau and Chihinde, 4100 ft,, Bawm, 40! German South-west Africa: Damaraland, Hex! Hereroland: Otyimbingue, 3800 ft., Pechuel-Loesche ! Mozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Ngamiland; Kwebe Hills, Lugard, 35! Mrs. Lugard, 46! near Serowe, Schonland, 1619! 1627! flats between the Zuga and the Tamalakane Rivers, McCabe, 3! Matabeleland: Shasha River, Baines ! Also in South Africa. Three forms of this species may be distinguished : 1. brevispinosum proper, which has simple leaves, tomentose even in the adult state; 2. /inifoliwm, which has simple leaves, puberulous in the adult state; and 3. spinoswm, which has both trifoliolate and simple leaves, glabrous in the adult state. 3. R.somalense, Hallier f. in Hngl. Jahrb. xxxii. 127. An erect, nearly glabrous, thorny shrub, 3-10 ft. high. Branchlets virgate, terete, 1-14 lin. thick, glabrous, ereyish. ~ Leaves solitary or 2—4 fascicled on minutely tomentose cushions, trifoliolate ; petiole slender, 1-2 lin. long, slightly channelled ; leaflets orbicular- obcordate, about: 2 lin. long, ae lin. broad, minutely glandular, the terminal one at- tenuate into its petiole, the lateral ones oblique, subsessile. Flowers solitary on the leaf-cushions. Pedicels) 2-21 lin. long. Calyx cam- panulate, 1-14 lin. long, irregularly 2— 3-lobed, subbilabiate, minutely and rather acutely 5-toothed, teeth ies at the apex, calyx otherwise glabrous. Corolla yellow; tube funnel- shaped, 33-4 lin. long, pilose’ at the throat; basal cylindric portion 13-1? lin. long; lobes sub- orbicular, retuse, 24-3 lin. in diam., ciliate. Stamens distinctly exserted from the coroila- tube, inserted 24 lin. above its base; fila- ments about 2 lin. long ; anthers 1% lin. long, not apiculate. Ovary # lin. long. Capsule not known. Nile Land. Somaliland: on mountains at Dadab, L/lenbeck, 165! Allied to the South African R. obovatum, Burch., from which it differs in the size of the flowers and shape of the leaflets. 4. R.zambesiacum, Baker in New Bulletin, 1894, 82. An erect spiny shrub. Branchlets spreading. Leaves pinnate, 4—6 lin. long, solitary or fascicled on small, nearly glabrous cushions; common etiole 4—1 lin. long, slender ; rhachis winged ; leaflets 5-9, very shortly stalked, elliptic or obovate, 12-3 lin. long, AIS lin. broad, puberaioge or subglabrous. Flowers fascicled on the leat jenahione. Pedicels 1-2 Bi long. Calyx campanulate, subglabrous ; tube 13-2 lin. long ; oie ; lin. long, roughly triangular, pilose at the apex. Corolla yellow, eine ; tube campanulate-funnel-shaped, 5—6 lin. long ; tomy cylin- dric portion 2- 2 lin. long, exceeding the calyx; limb # in. across ; lobes orbicular, 34 lin. in diam., crenulate. Stamens ee 34-4} lin. above the base of the earls tube; filaments 2 lin. long ; anthers exserted, 2-3 lin. long, slightly apiculate. Ovary #-1 lin. long. Capsule elliptic-oblong, “18 in. long, 5} lin. broad, beak 1) lin. long. Nucleus of seed elliptic : ; hyaline wing ie 14 lin. broad. —K. Schum. in Engl. Pfl, Ost-Afr. C. 363; Sprague in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 452. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa : Lower Zambesi; Tete, Kirk ! Also in South Africa. if Qo te Oo Catophractes. | XCVI. BIGNONIACE (SPRAGUE). Ne 9, CATOPHRACTES, D. Don; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. i. 1048. Calyx opening late in bud, tubular, shortly split down one side, ter- minated by 5 linear teeth. Corolla funnel-shaped witha long cylindric tube ; limb subbilabiate ; lobes 5 (more rarely 6—7), spreading. Stamens as many as the corolla-lobes, all perfect, subincluded ; anther-lobes con- nate above, free and jpenaallls below. Disc cupular. Ovary contracted at the base; ovules few, 2-seriate in each cell. Capsule elliptic or elliptic- oblong ge, slightly compressed parallel to the septum ; valves boat- shaped, w oody, sharply warted. Species 1, which extends into South Africa. . C. Alexandri, D). Don in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ii, (1839), 375. An erect spiny shrub, 4—6 ft. high, branched from the base. Branches divaricate, glabrous. Leaves simple, fascicled, densely tomentose ; petiole 1-2! lin. long; blade obovate or oblong, }—1+ in. long, 2—8 lin. broad, crenate, with conspicuous lateral veins. Flowers lateral, fascicled. Calyx densely tomentose outside; tube 1-1} in. long, shortly split down one side, ribbed; teeth 5—4 lin. long. Corolla white; tube 2—2 in. long, with e y lnneie villous band mel below the origin of the Allomacmtess limb 13-24 in. across ; lobes suborbicular, 9—14 lin. in diam. Filaments einer aes for their whole length or the upper $ in, free; anthers 24-35 lin. long, their tips exserted from the corolla-tube. Ovary ovoid, 14 lin. long, scabrous with scurfy thick- based hairs ; style slightly longer than the stamens in the flowers with adnate filaments, slightly shorter in those with free filaments, very sparsely villous below the middle. Capsule 15—3 in. long, 9- 14 lin. broad, shortly beaked. Nucleus of seed suborbicular ; hyaline wing 2—5 lin. broad.—Proe. Linn. Soc.i. 4; Trans. Linn. Soc. xviii. B07 tt. 22: DC. Prodr. ix. 2338; O. Kuntze in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berlin, iv. 270; Engl. in Engl. Jahrb. x. 255; K.Schum. in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzen- fam. iv. 3 B. 233; Spraguein Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 453. CC. Welwitschi, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 331, t. 39; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 793. C. kolbeana, Harv. Gen. 8. Afr. Pl. ed. ii. 276. Lower Guinea. Angola: Bumbo; between Pomangala and Quitibe, 1000— 1200 ft., Welwitsch, 490! and fruit, 819; near Pomangala, Welwitseh, fruit, 818. German South-west Africa: Damaraland, Kolbe! Hereroland; Usakos, 2950 ft., Marloth, 1271 ; and without precise locality, Pechuel-Loesche. Mozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Ngamiland; Kwebe Hills, Lugard, 65! Urs. Lugard, 83! near Lake Ngami, Chapman! Baines! Chapman & Baines ! Also in South Africa. 10. KIGELIA, DC.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1053. Calyx opening late in bud, campanulate, coriaceous, irregularly 2—5-lobed. Corolla broadly campanulate above, narrowed below to a straight, cylindric or constricted tube; limb bilabiate; upper lip sub- DB4 XCVI. BIGNONIACEA! (SPRAGUE). | Kigelia. erect, shortly 2-lobed, lower deflexed, deeply 3-lobed. Stamens 4. didynamous, subexserted; anther-lobes free for the greater part of their length, slightly divergent. Dise large, annular. Ovary 1-celled, with 2 parietal, much intruded placentas ; ovules numerous, multiseriate. Fruit roughly cylindric, indehiscent ; pericarp thick, enclosing a fibrous pulp in which the seeds are imbedded. Seeds thick, wingless, with a coriaceous much-intruded testa ; cotyledons folded.—Trees with simply imparipinnate leaves and pendulous, long-peduncled, lax panicles of large orange or red flowers. Species LO, 9 endemic, one extending into South Africa. Leaflets lanceolate . ; 3 ; : 3 . 1. A. lanceolata. Leaflets oblong, elliptic or obovate. Lower portion of corolla-tube constricted. Anthers 4-43 lin. long Anthers 25-3 lin. long. Leaflets 7-13 ; lateral veins 8-9 on each side, rather irregular, 4-14 lin. apart. bo . K. elliptica. Corolla brownish-red ; stigma-lobes elliptic . 8. A. acutifolia. Corolla yellow-ochre ; stigma-lobes ovate- lanceolate. : 4. A. impress. Leaflets 9-23 ; lateral veins 10- 12 on pel ide! regular, 4—8 lin. apart : c : . 5. K. angolensis. Lower portion of corolla-tube cylindric. Leaves opposite. Cylindric portion of corolla-tube 10-18 lin. long ; stigma-lobes dentate or serrulate. Leaflets glabrous; stigma-lobes obovate . 6. K. Elliotii. Midrib of leaflets pilose above ; stigma-lobes ovate, acuminate . 5 : : Cylindric portion of corolla-tube 7 lin. long; stigma-lobes entire . : : : . 8. K. africana. Leaves ternate. Cylindric portion of corolla-tube shorter than K. Moos«a. cay the calyx : 9. K. pinnata. Cylindric portion of Corolla: tulle mance loneen than the calyx : : : : . 10. A. ethiopica. 1. K. lanceolata, Sprague. Young branches purplish-brown. Leaves ONDE 5 rhachis blackish ; leaflets 11-15, lanceolate, acute, 4-7 in. long, 14-2 in. broad, entire, coriaceous, glabrous, finely reticu- late on both purfaces = midrib and lateral veins prominent below ; petioles of lateral leaflets 2-4 lin. long. Buds pointed, cuspidate at their apex. Calyx 13-17 lin. long, distinctly two- lipped, glandular above; tube 9-11 lin. long; lobes irregular, unequal, 3—5 lin. long. Corolla-tube 2—21 in. long, very slightly constricted 6 lin. above the base ; lobes orbicular. Stamens inserted 7-8! lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers 3-34 lin. long. Dise not lobed. Ovary 34 lin, long, glabrous ; stigma-lobes ovate, acute. Wile Land. Uganda: Ruwenzori, Scott-Hiliot, 7905 ! 2. K. elliptica, Sprague. A tree, 20-30 ft. high. Leaves opposite ; leaflets 9, elliptic, acute or acutely acuminate, 41-7 in. long, 2-3} in. Kigelia. | XCVI. BIGNONIACEA! (SPRAGUE). DBD broad, entire or serrate towards the apex, glabrous, finely reticulate on both surfaces, membranous ; lateral veins 7—9 on each side, 6—15 lin. apart ; petioles of lateral leaflets 2-3 lin. long. Buds minutely cuspidate 1 lin. below their apex. Calyx 13 lin. long, distinctly two-lipped, the shorter anterior lip densely glandular; tube 7 lin. long; lobes very unequal, 2-6 lin. long. Corolla-tube 2 in. long, constricted 7—8 lin. above the base ; lobes orbicular, 1 in.in diam. Stamens inserted 10 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube; anthers 4-44 lin. long. Disc not lobed. Ovary 44 lin. long, lepidote; stigma-lobes ovate, acute. Fruit 14 ft. long, 1 ft. in circumference (according to JZcLeod). Upper Guinea. Southern Nigeria: Bonny, Monteiro ! Cross River Division, McLeod ! 3. K. acutifolia, Hngl. WSS. A tree, 20-26 ft. high. Leaves opposite ; leaflets 9-11, elliptic-oblong or elliptic, acutely acuminate, cuneate or attenuate at the base, 44-7 in. long, 2—3 in. broad, entire, or serrate towards the apex, glabrous, indistinctly reticulate ; lateral veins 8-9 on each side, 7-13 lin. apart, prominent on the lower surface ; petioles of lateral leaflets 14-3 lin. long, of the terminal 9-19 lin. long. Calyx 13-16 lin. long; lobes 3, subequal, rounded. Corolla brownish- red ; tube 2 in. long, constricted 6—7 lin. above the base ; lobes 1-14 in. long. Stamens inserted 6—74 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers 24-3 lin. long. Ovary lepidote ; stigma-lobes elliptic. Fruit 14 ft. long. Upper Guinea. Cameroons: Barombi, Prevss, 202! 360! Bipinde, Zenker, 1316! 4. K.impressa, Sprague. A tree, 20-25 ft. high. Young branches purplish-brown. Leaves opposite; leaflets 7-13, elliptic-oblong, 4—7 in. long, 24-3 in. broad, entire, glabrous, those on young shoots obtuse, membranous, finely reticulate, those on old shoots shortly and abruptly acuminate, with the midrib and lateral veins deeply impressed in the shining upper surface and prominent below; lateral veins 8-9 on each side, 4-14 lin. apart; petioles of lateral leaflets 2—3 lin. long. Buds rounded, cuspidate at their apex. Calyx 11-12 lin. long, glandular above; tube 7-8 lin. long; lobes irregular, unequal, 2—4 Jin. long. Corolla yellow-ochre ; tube 2 in. long, constricted 5 lin. above the base ; lobes 1-11 in. long. Stamens inserted 6—9 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers 23-3 lin. long. Dise not lobed. Ovary 3 lin. long, lepidote. Stigma-lobes ovate-lanceolate. Fruit cylindric, abruptly acuminate, 1 ft. long, 2 in, in diam. Upper Guinea. Fernando Po, Barter ! Mann, 2! 5. K. angolensis, Welw. MSS. A tree, 10-35 ft. high. Leaves opposite ; leaflets 19-23, elliptic-oblong or oblong, shortly and abruptly acuminate at the apex, obtusely cuneate at the base, 33—7 in. long, 14-3 in. broad, entire or serrate towards the apex, glabrous ; lateral veins 11-12 on each side, 4-8 lin. apart; petioles of lateral leaflets 1—2 lin. long. Buds minutely cuspidate near their apex. Calyx 11-14 lin. long, two- 936 XCVI. BIGNONIACEH (SPRAGUE). | Kigelia. lipped, sparsely glandular; tube 7-10 lin. long; lobes irregular, unequal, rounded, 2—5 tin. long. Corolla orange-scarlet or scarlet; tube ‘2 in. long, constricted 6-64 lin. above the base; lobes 1} in. long. Stamens inserted 7-74 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers 2 23-3 lin. long. Dise not lobed. Ovary 34 lin. long, finely lepidote ; stigma- ree ovate-lanceolate. Fruit conical-cylindrie, slightly compressed, 1-14 long, 2—3 in, in diam.—J/’. pinnata, Seem. in Journ. Bot. 1865, 333, el of DC. Aigelkeia pinnata, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1. 793 (excl. syns.). Lower Guinea. Angola: Golungo Alto; by streams in Sobatos de Bumba and Bango Aquitamba and about Sange, Welwitsch, 489! woods by the River Muia, near Trombeta, Welwitsch, 491! K. Blliotii, Sprague. Atree. Leaves opposite; leaflets 9-15, entire, glabrous, those on young shoots obovate, 3-4 in. long, 13-24 in. broad, mucronate, finely reticulate on both surfaces, pubserie, those on old shoots elliptic-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 5-74 in. long, 21-23 in. broad; midrib and lateral veins deeply impressed on ahe upper and prominent on the lower surface of mature leaves; petioles of lateral leaflets 1-3 lin. long, of the terminal 1 in. long. Buds rounded, not cuspidate. Calyx 10-11 lin. long, minutely lepidote, glandular above cube 7 lin. long; lobes 4, subequal, roughly triangular, acute, 3—4 lin. long. Corolla dark red; tube 1} in. long; lower cylindric portion 10-11 lin. long ; lobes teal in. long. Stamens inserted 9-11 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube; anthers 44 lin. long. Disc not lobed. vary 3-4 lin. long, glandular ; stigma-lobes obovate, toothed on their apper margin. Fruit cylindric, OES sin, long, 3—5 in. in diam. Upper Guinea. Sierra Leone: Talla; near Kundita, Scott-Elliot, 5037 ! Searcies ; near Baya-bayn, Scott- #lliot, 4757 ! K. Moosa, Sprague. A shrub or small tree, 6—20 ft. high. Leaves opposite, often paripinnate by suppression of the terminal leaflet ; leaflets 9-13, elliptic-oblong or obovate, acuminate, 3—5 in. loug, 14-21 in. broad, entire; veins pilose on the upper surface ; leaflets on young shoots nearly glabrous except the veins, finely reticulate ov both surfaces, those on “old shoots scabrid above _ shortly pubescent below ; midrib and lateral veins impressed on the upper and Sree on the lower surface of mature leaves ; petioles of lateral leaflets 2—3 lin. long, of the terminal } in. long. Buds rounded, minutely cuspidate. Calyx 15-16 lin. long, pubescent, glandular ; tube 8-10 lin. long ; lobes 3, the two upper erect, 33-8 lin, long, the lower usually recur ved ox uncinate. Corolla-tube 2} in. long; lower cylindric portion 12-13 lin. long; lobes 1-11 in. long. Stamens inserted 8-9 lin. above the base ot the corolla- tube; anthers 4 lin. long. Dise not lobed. Ovary 5-6 lin. long, glabrous ; stigma-lobes ovate, acuminate, serrulate. Wile Land. Uganda: Sesse Islands, Dawe, 1! 63! West Ankole, 5000 ft-, Dawe, 412 ! 8. K. africana, Benth. in Hook. Niger Fl. 463. A tree, 20-50 ft. high. Leaves opposite; leaflets 7-11, narrowly obovate, elliptic or Nigelia. | XCVI. BIGNONIACEE (SPRAGUE). 537 oblong-elliptic, 24-4 in. long, 1-2} in. broad, cuspidate, entire or minutely and remotely toothed, glabrous, indistinctly reticulate ; lateral veins 7—9 on each side, prominent below ; lateral leaflets subsessile ; petiole of terminal leaflet 8-11 lin. long, Buds cuspidate at the side. Calyx 8-10 lin. long, irregularly two-lipped, sparsely glandular above ; tube 5-6 lin. long; lobes subequal, rounded, 2—4 lin. long. Corolla deep red with yellow veins ; tube 1. 5-12 in. long, dilated at the mouth of the calyx; lower cylindric portion 7 lin. long ; lobes #-1 in. long. Stamens inserted 64~7 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers 33-4 lin. long. Dise lobed. Ovary 3 lin. long, lepidote ; stigma-lobes obovate. Fruit somewhat compressed, 2 ft. long, 5 in. broad.—Bignonia africana, Lam. Enecycel. 1. 424; Pers. Syn. 1. 172. Vecoma africana, G. Don, Gen. Syst. iv. 224. Upper Guinea. Senegal, Wichelin! Herb. Adanson, 199A! Gold Coast: Cape Coast Castle, Vogel, 88! Southern Nigeria: Cross River Division ; Adaha, Holland, 237! 238! 284! Northern Nigeria : Borgu; Palace yard at Wawa, Barter, 724! K. pinnata, DC. Prodr. ix. 247. A tree, 20-50 ft. high. Leaves ternate ; leaflets 7—9, elliptic-oblong or obovate, 3—6 in. long, 1-3 in. broad, abruptly acuminate, rounded or retuse at the apex, serrate or entire, usually glabrous above, glabrous or more or less pubescent below ; lateral leaflets subsessile ; petiole of terminal leaflet 4-15 lin. long. Buds not distinctly cuspidate. Calyx 1-1} in. long, two-lipped, finely pubescent or glabrescent ; tube 8-10 lin. long; lobes irregular, unequal, acute, 3-7 lin. long. Corolla claret-coloured ; tube 213 j in. long, dilated at the mouth of the calyx ; lower cylindric por- oan 2 in. long; lobes pointed, 13-2} in. long. Stamens inserted —12 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube; anthers 4—5% lin. long. Dise lobed. Ovary 5—6 lin. long, minutely puberulous, sparsely g “elandulay ; stigma-lobes ovate, acute. Taw Legh long, rounded at the apex; trans: verse section elliptic, D5 in. long, 45 in. broad.— KX. wthiopica, K. Schum. in Engl. Pf. Ost- Nise, OG. 364, ental Schinz in Mém. Herb. Boiss. 1900, No. 10, 63; not of Deeaisne. K. Ikbalie, De Wild. in Pl. Nov. Hort. Then. t. 1. Crescentia pinnata, Jacq. Collect. iii. 203, t. 18; Fragm. t. 33, fig. 4. Vanecium pinnatwm, Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 512. Tripinnaria africana, Spreng. Syst. ii. 842. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Mozambique (cult. in Bot, Gard. Pamplemousses), Bojer ! Quilimans District ; Lokoloko, Scot¢/ Zambesia, Stewart / British Central Africa : Nyasaland, Bucianans 701 ! Var. tomentella, Sprague. Calyx and lower surface of leaflets densely pubescent or tomentellous. Fruit 20-25 in. long, 3 in. broad.—A. pinnata, Klotzsch in Peters, Keise Mossamb. Bot. 195. Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; Shupanga, Kirk! British Central Africa: Nyasaland; Shibisa, MJeller! Bechuanaland : Ngamiland; Tamalakane River, McCabe, 45! Okavango Valley: Bakalahari Village, Lugard, 233! Rhodesia: on an island in the Zambesi River 6 miles above the Victoria Falls, Cartwright! vy the Zambesi River near the Victoria Fells, Allen, 30! D38 XCV1. BIGNONIACEA (SPRAGUE). | Kigelia. 10. K, xthiopica, Decne. in Deless. Ic. Sel. Pl. v. 39, t. 93. A tree, 20-50 ft. high. Leaves ternate ; leaflets 7-11, oblong-elliptic or obovate, usually cuspidate, 3—5 in. long, 13-2} in. broad, entire or more or less serrate, scabrid; petioles of lateral leaflets 1-3 lin. long, of the terminal 4-1 in. long. Buds not distinctly cuspidate. Calyx 13-16 lin. long, markedly two-lipped, sparsely glandular above; tube 8—11 lin. long; lobes irregular, unequal, acute, 3-5 lin. long. Corolla veddish-purple; tube 23-34 in. long; lower cylindric portion 14-1} in. long, markedly exceeding the calyx; lobes 14-1} in. long. Stamens inserted 15-17 lin. above the base of the corolla-tube ; anthers 44—5 lin. long. Dise entire. Ovary 44-5 lin. long, lepidote or glabrous. Stigma-lobes ovate or elliptic. Fruit subcylindric, 1-1} ft. long, 3-44 in. broad, pointed at the apex.—Martelli, Fl. Bogos. 64; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 97; K. Schum. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vil. 43 ; Almagia in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, viii. 122. A. pinnata, Oliv. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 124, not of DC. Sotor ethiopwm, Fenzl in Ber. xxi. Versamml. Deutsch. Naturf. 1845, 168. Nile Land. Without precise locality, Petherick! Eritrea: Keren, 4500 ft., Beccari, 4\ Galabat: Matamma, Schweinfurth, 1954! Soudan: Khartoum, Schweinfurth, 963! 855! White Nile, Sabatier! Sobat River, below Amol, Muriel, 101! Bahr-el-Ghazal: Port Reck, Schweinfurth, 1267! Heuglin, 34! Jur: Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 1346! Uganda: Madi, Grant ! Var. abyssinica, Sprague. Corolla smaller ; cylindric basal portion of tube 1 in. long.—K. abyssinica, A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 60, t. 75. Nile Land, Abyssinia: by the River Mareb, Petit. Upper Sennar : Fazokl, Kotschy, 403! Gebel Kassan, Cienkowsky, 81! 82! Var. bornuensis, Sprague. Calyx 10-12 lin. long, puberulous; lobes subequal, Ovary and dise glandular ; stigma-lobes obovate. Upper Guinea. Northern Nigeria: Bornu, Vogel, 83! Var. usambarica, Sprague. Leaflets very scabrid. Calyx 10 lin. Jong, 2- lipped, puberulous. Corolla-tube 2 in. long; lobes 7 lin. long. Stamens inserted 12 lin. above the base ; anthers 8 lin. long, Stigma-lobes obovate-——K. ethiopica, Engl. Glied. Veg. Usambara, 34. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Usambara : scattered along the banks of streams between Buite and Mlalo, Holst, 2404! Orper XCVU. PEDALINEZ. (By O. Stapf.) Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic. Calyx divided nearly to the base into 5 segments. Corolla gamopetalous ; tube obliquely campanu- late, funnel-shaped or cylindric, often gibbous or spurred at the base of the back; Jimb obscurely 2-labiate, usually short. Stamens 4, more or less distinctly didynamous with the rudiment of the fifth present (very rarely 2 fertile and 2 staminodes), inserted and enclosed in the corolla- tube, rarely shortly exserted; anther-cells 2, dehiscent longitudinally, hanging from the apex of the connective and often somewhat divergent, or dorsally attached to it and parallel; connective nearly always with an apical gland. Hypogynous disc always more or less developed, often XCVII. PEDALINE® (STAPF). 539 asymmetric, Ovary superior (very rarely inferior), sessile, 2- (rarely 1-) 3- or 4-celled ; cells often completely or incompletely divided by spurious septa; style filiform, slightly exceeding the anthers; stigma 2-lobed, lobes ovate to linear; placentas central ; ovules 1 to many in each cell. Fruit very variable, dehiscent or indehiscent, often provided with spines, horns or wings. Seeds 1 to many in each cell, sometimes winged, with a delicate or stout testa; albumen very thin. Embryo straight; coty- ledons flat ; radicle short.—Annual or perennial herbs, rarely shrubs or small trees, more or less covered with sessile mucilage-glands (at least the younger parts). Leaves opposite or the upper alternate. Flowers mostly axillary and solitary, rarely in few- to many-flowered axillary and terminal inflorescences ; pedicels usually with nectarial glands (modified flower-buds) at the base. Species about 60 in the tropics and the extra-tropical countries of the southern hemisphere of the Old World. All the African Pedalinee belong to the tribe Pedalice. * Unarmed herbs with solitary or fascicled flowers in the leaf-axils, _ {+ Ovary and fruit 2-celled, cells undivided. Ovules 1-12 in each cell; fruit indehiscent (where known). Corolia not or only slightly gibbous at the base. Fruit quadrangular-pyramidal with or without a stout spine at the base of each angle; annual herbs . ; . 1. PEDALIUM. Fruit winged; perennial herbs with a frequently swollen persistent stem- base 2. PTrERODISCUS. Corolla with a large sac- ave Pibbosity at ano base . : é : . 3. Homupiar Ovules numerous in each Gell; Prait tardily dehiscent, armed with hook-bearing horns 4. HARPAGOPHYTUM. ¥> Ovary and fruit 2-celled, cells completely or incompletely divided by spurious septa. False septa of ovary and fruit imperfect towards the apex; fruit a loculicidal, many-seeded capsule. Cells of ovary and capsule very unequal, the posticous small and indehiscent —. . ©. ROGERTIA. Cells of ovary and capsule equal. Capsule acute or beaked, without lateral appendages : : : . . 6. SESAMUM. Capsule with 2 divergent horns or spines at the apex é 7. CERATOTHECA. Ovary and fruit completely divided by (alee) septa. Fruit without central spines; ovules 3 in each division 0 : 9 - . 8. PRETREOTHAMNUS. Fruit disc-shaped, with 2 central spines ; ovules 2 in each division : 6 . 9. PRETREA. +++ Ovary and fruit 1-celled with a rudimentary septum 3 3 i : : : JO, LinaRtopsts. 540 XCVII, PEDALINE (STAPF). ** Spinous shrubs or small trees. Flowers in the axils of much reduced bracts in terminal and sub- terminal few-flowered racemes. Corolla-tube cylindric, very — sli craw! curved, spurred . . : . . 11, SESAMOTHAMNTS. Corolla-tube sigmatoid, sonmiless : : . 12. SIGMATOSIPHON. 1. PEDALIUM, Linn.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. PI. ii. 1056. Calyx small, 5-partite. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, gradually widened from a slender base; limb spreading, obscurely 2-lipped ; lobes orbicular, subequal. Anther-cells ovate, pendulous from the apex of the connective, dehiscing longitudinally. Disc small, equal. Ovary 2-celled; cells undivided ; ovules 2 in each cell, from above the middle of the septum. Fruit indehiscent, hard, quadrangular, with or without conical spreading spines at the base of the angles. Seeds 1— in each cell, pendulous ; testa delicately punctate.—Annual succulent herbs. Leaves entire or coarsely dentate. Flowers yellow, solitary in the axils of the leaves. Species 2, 1 also in South India and Madagascar. Fruit with a conic spreading spine at the base of each angle. : : : 7 . ol lneeaeioners Pe Ten Fruit spineless, with Panereles on the faces . busseanum. 1. P. Murex, Zinn. Syst. ed. x. 1123. Stem simple or branched, from a few inches to more than a foot high, like the whole plant more less glandular. Leaves elliptic or obovate, obtuse with a usually acute base, coarsely and irregularly toothed, 1-2 in. long, $—-1} in. broad ; petiole up to 1 in. long. Pedicels slender, about 1} lin. long. Calyx 1 lin. long; segments lanceolate-triangular, acute. Corolla yellow, 1 in. long or more; limb 7—9 lin. across; lobes 24-3 lin. across. Fruit pyramidal, abruptly contracted into a short hollow terete base with 1 spine at the base of each angle, and small tubercles or raised lines on the faces, }-? in. long.—Gaertn. Carp. t. 58; DC. Prodr. ix. 256 ; Wight, Icon. t. 1615 ; ; Decne in Ann. Se. Nat. 5™° sér. iii. 330; ; Schw ont, Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 97; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. B. 156, C. 3864. P. musre- catum, Salisb. Prodr. 104. P. microcarpum, Decne, |. c. 352. Rogeria microcarpa, Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mosamb. Bot. 190. Nile Land. Eritrea: Shoho; Wadi Togodele, Ehrenberg! Mount Ghedem near Massaua, 500—1000 ft. Schweinfurth g Riva, 200! British East Africa : Witu, Zhomas, 16€! Nyika Country, near Mombasa, Wakefield ! Wozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Hildebrandt, 989! German East Africa, Hannington ! Portuguese East Africa: Mozambique, Forbes! Kirk! near Sena, Peters. Also in India and Madagascar. ‘The leaves are eaten as a vegetable. 2. P. busseanum, Stapf. Stem branched below (including the br anches) 8 12in. high. Leaves obovate-spathulate to oblanceolate, obtuse or subobtuse, attenuated into a petiole (up to 4 lin. long), 14-1} in. long, Pedalium. | XOVII. PEDALINEE (STAPF). D41 2}—4 lin. broad, entire. Pedicels 1}—2 lin. long. Calyx 1} lin. long; seg- ments lanceolate-triangular, acute. Corolla-tube 11 je in. long, o—4. wa wide above the middle, violet at the base, obher wise yellow ; limb , in. across ; lobes rotundate, 3 lin. across. Fruit ovoid, quadx angular, ee spines at the base of the angles, but with tubercles on the faces, 7-8 lin. long, 4—5 lin. in diam.—-Pedaliophatum busseanum, Engl. Jahrb. seo-ab All aes 4 Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: in meadows near Kwa-Mbaramula, near the Rovuma River, Busse, 1046. 2. PTERODISCUS, Hook.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1057 Calyx small, 5-partite. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, oblique or shightly gibbous at the base; limb spreading, subbilabiate; lobes orbicular, subequal. Stamens didynamous ; anthers converging; anther- cells sail divergent, pendulous from the apex of ane connective, dehiscing by a short longitudinal slit. Dise enlarged posticously. Ovary 2-celled ; cells undivided ; ovules 1—2 in each cell from above the middle of the septum or 10-12'in 2 series, Fruit indehiscent, laterally compressed with 4 longitudinal wings, unarmed ; pericarp spongy, with large cavities beacons the wings. Seeds 1-2 in each cell, pendulous ; testa finely honeycombed.—Perennial succulent herbs. Stem tuberous at the base. Leaves coarsely dentate to pinnati-laciniate, rarely sub- entire. Flowers solitary, shortly pedicelled in the axils of the leaves, yellow or purple. Species about 14, 2 of them in South Africa. Ovules 1-2 in each cell; corolla purple, rarely bright orange or brick-red (species of Sonth and South- west Africa). Corolla purple. Corolla-tube widened almost from the base, nearly symmetric, funnel-shaped, 1$—2 in. long . 1. P. speciosus. Corolla-tube cylindric and very slender to the middle, then gradually Se slightly asymmetric, 14 in, long : Corolla-tube widened from the ase, 4 asy amma, slightly inflated at the middle on the upper side, often curved or twisted, 14-13 in. long. 3. P. ngamicus, Corolla bright orange to brick-red . : p . 4. P. aurantiacus. Ovules 10-12 in each cell (where known); corolla usually yellow with or without purple markings in the throat (species of Hast Africa). Leaves homeomorphic, the extremes in the same individual clearly connected by intermediate forms. Leaves pinnatifid in the lower part, 24 in. long ; segments 6 lin. leng, 3-14 lin. broad. . oO. P, kellerianus. Leaves entire, repand or with a few short irregular teeth. Leaves 14—3 times longer than broad. Corolla 2 in. long : : : : - 6. P. somaliensis. bo . PL. Elliottii. 542 XCVII. PEDALINE® (STAPF). | Pterodiscus. Corolla about 1 in. long. Leaves spathulate, narrowed from the middle downwards _. : a Yo JE Jhonyoolia. Leaves broad-elliptic, shortly cuneate to subtruneate at the base. : . 8. P. Wellbyt. Corolla 8—9 lin. long. Leaves elongate-oblong, subacute up to 24 in. long 6 9. P. intermedius. Leaves elliptic “to Srowiee elliptic, 1- 14 in. long . 3 , : . . 10. P. wadulatus. Leaves more than 3 times longer than broad, lanceolate Leaves 3-24 in. long, 8-5 lin. broad, long- petioled : : . LL. P. angustifolius. Leaves 5-9 lin. long, Te Ii Re Brena sub- sessile . . : . 12. P. saccatus. Leaves heteromorphie, forrest broadcellapees the following linear-lanceolate to linear . . . 13. P. heterophyllus. 1. P. speciosus, //ook. in Bot. Mag. t. 4117. Tuber globose, up to 24 in. in diam. Stem densely glandular like the whole plant when young, 3-6 in. high. Leaves rather numerous, crowded on the upper part of the stem, linear to linear- oblong, irregularly sinuate-dentate to shortly pinnati- Nacimintel rarely subentire, 1}—5 in. long, 2—6 lin. (in cultivated specimens to 9 lin.) wide, gradually narrowed into a short petiole. Pedicels 2-2} lin. long, slender. Calyx up to 2 lin. long; segments lanceolate, acuminate. Corolla throat villous ; tube symmetric or almost so, gradually widened from above the base to the middle, then slightly constricted and widened again towards the mouth, 14-2 in. long, bright red-purple; limb 14—1} in. across. Filaments bearded at the very base, otherwise glabrous, the longer 5-6 lin. long. Ovule | in each cell. Fruit suborbicular, cordate at the base, not or obscurely emarginate at the apex, 2-4 in. long, including the wings which are 14-21 lin. broad.—Decne in Ann. Sc. Nat. 5™ sér. ii. 335; Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv.iil. 456. Wozamb. Dist. British Central Africa: Kalahari Desert, south of the Zuga River, McCabe, 5 ! Rhodesia: Shasha River. Rand, 197 ! Also in South Africa. Franchet (Sert. Somal. 41) indicates P. speciosus also as collected by Révoil near Tigieh in the country of the Medjourtines (Kastern Somaliland); but there is little doubt that the determination is incorrect. 2. P. Elliottii, Baker. Tuber unknown. Stem moderately glan- dular- mealy. Leaves densely glandular-mealy below, very sparingly above, ovate-ianceolate to oblong from a cuneate base, entire or with slightly wavy margins or very sparingly toothed, 13-2 in. long, up to lin. broad; petiole up tu 1 in. long. Pedicels i Tin long. Calyx- anti more or less loosely hairy within, | lin. long ; segments lanceolate, acute. Corolla wine-red, passing into yellow. below ; tube cylindric and very slender up to ‘the middle then gradually widened into the wide mouth, very slightly asymmetric, 11} in. long ; limb 1} in. across. Pterodiscus. | XOVII. PEDALINEE (STAPF). 543 Filaments bearded at the very base only, longer 6 lin. long. Ovules 2 in each cell superposed. Mozamb Dist. British South Africa: Matabeleland, Alliott ! 3. P. ngamicus, .V. /. Brown. Tuber obconic-cylindric, rising 3-34 in. above the HEHE about 2 in. thick, more or less divided at the top, producing numerous branches from the short thick divisions. Branches 4—9 in. high, more or less glandular-mealy. Leaves densely glandular-mealy, particularly below, oblong, sinuously pinnati-lobate, Bheuse or subacute, cuneate at the base, 1-2} in. long, 4-1 in. broad ; lobes un to 6 lin. long, deltoid to linear-oblong, obtuse ; petiole 5-8 lin. long. Pedicels 1-4 lin. long. Calyx 1-23 lta. long ; segments lanceo- late, acute. Corolla purple with the inside of the tube yellow ; tube gradually widened from the base upwards, asymmetric, straight on the lower and slightly inflated at the middle on the upper side, often more or less curved or twisted, sparingly hairy in the throat, 14-12 in. long, almost $ in. wide at the mouth; limb 1-1} in. across. Ailesingnibs hairy at the base, glabrous above or nearly so, the longer 5+ lin. long. Ovule 1 in each cell. Fruit orbicular, emarginate at both ends, 1j{- 14 in. long, wings up to $ in. broad. Mozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland : Ngamiland; Kwebe Hills, 3000 ft., Lugard, 136A! Lake Ngami, Chapmann ! A specimen collected in 1870 by Baines on his expedition to the gold-fields between the Limpopo and Zambesi Rivers (very probably in Matabeleland) agrees in the mode of growth exactly with P. ayamicus, but it has smaller leaves and Howers, the corolla-tube scarcely exceeding 1 in. 4. P, aurantiacus, Welw. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. 53. Tuber thick, fusiform. Stem decumbent or erect, 1-14 ft. long, over 2 lin. thick, glandular-mealy. Leaves oblong from a cuneate base, irregularly repand or sinuate-dentate, obtuse, 2— 21 in. long, $-1 in. prone densely glandular-mealy below, almost Einprous above. Pedicels 1} in long. Calyx 1i lin. long; segments linear-lanceolate. Corolla intensely orange coloured; tube cylindric from an asymmetric contracted base, suddenly widened into the limb, about 8 lin. long, hairy within in front, almost villous in the throat; limb 1} in. across, crisped and loosely hairy. Filaments hairy at the bese only, the longer 54 lin. long. Ovule 1 or 2 ( ?) in each cell. Fruit orbicular, 14 in. long and broad, cordate at the base, not emarginate at the apex, wing ¢ in. broad.—Engl. Jahrb. x. 255; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 795; Aschers. in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 181; Schinz, Deutsch Siidwest Afr.565. P. brasiliensis, Asch. ex Schinz, 1. ¢. 264, not in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 182. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; banks of the Bero River, Welwitsch, 1658! German South-west Africa: Hereroland, near Usakos, 3000 ft., Marloth, 1436! and without precise locallty, Léderitz. Amboland; Olukonda, Schinz ! Dammaraland Hen ! 5. P, kellerianus, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 453. Root- stock tuberous. Leaves lanceolate, pinnatifid in the lower part, 24 in. Te b44 XCVIT. PEDALINES (STAPF). [ Péierodiscus. long, half as broad ; segments lanceolate, acute, up to $ in. long, 5-1} lin. broad. Corolla yellow, about 14 in. long, trumpet-shaped, ex- ternally densely glandular-mealy. Fruit up to 17 in. long, with wings 2 lin. broad. Wile Land. Somaliland: Abdallah, Ae//er, 114; Tuju Steppe, Keller, 115. 6. P. somaliensis, Baker. Stem eglandular. Leaves obovate- deltoid, obtuse, subentire, 2-3 in. long, 14—2 in. broad, more or less mealy- glandular when young, soon glabrescent; petiole up to 2 lin. long. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves; pedicels slender, 2—5 lin. long. Calyx nearly 2 lin. long; segments lanceolate-subulate. Corolla orange-coloured with a purple blotch in the throat, funnel-shaped, symmetric, gradually widened from the base, 2 in. long; tube 2 lin. wide at the middle, over $ in. at the mouth, hairy within, almost villous in the throat; lobes 4 lin. long and broad. Disc small, equal or nearly so. Filaments hairy at the base, the longer 44 lin. long. Ovary laterally compressed, 4-angular. Ovules up to 12 in each cell, 2-seriate.— Pedalium sp., Oliver in James, Unknown Horn of Africa, 321. Wile Land. Somaliland: Harradigit, James § Thrupp ! 7. P. Ruspolii, Hngl.in Ann. [stit. Bot. Roma, vii. 31. Rootstock pale brown, 4-6 in. long. Stems several, ascending from the base, glabrous. Leaves opposite, fleshy, spathulate, obtuse, quite entire, narrowed from the middle to the petiole, clothed, especially beneath, with pale grey glands, the upper 2} in. long, 10-12 lin. broad, the lower smaller. Flowers solitary in the axils of the upper leaves; pedicels {in. long. Calyx-tube short ; lobes linear-lanceolate, very acute, 1 lin. long. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, nearly 1 in. long, violet, with white hairs at the middle; limb orange, half as long as the tube ; lobes obovate, 5 lin. long and broad.— Engl. Jahrb. xxxu. 112. Wile Land. Somaliland: near the River Daua, at Hame, Riva, 1657, and at Sole, Riva, 1101. 8. P. Wellbyi, Stapf. Persistent base of the stem cylindric or clavate, 2-3 in. long, 3-4 lin. thick, bark papery, peeling off; shoots few, 2-4in. long, glaucous and granulav-glandular like the whole plant. Leaves broad-elliptic, obtuse, shortly cuneate to almost truncate at the base, 1-14 in. long, 8-10 lin. broad, subentire or remotely repand, undulated, sparingly glandular above ; petioles up to 6 lin. long. Pedicels almost 3 lin. long. Calyx 3-1 lin. long ; segments lanceolate. Corolla. orange coloured, streaked with purple in the throat; tube slender, gibbous at the base, otherwise almost symmetric, 1 in. long, 14-2 lin. wide at the middle, and over 6 lin. at the mouth, villous in the throat ; limb 10 lin. across; lobes about 3 lin. long. Long filaments 5 lin. long, hairy all along, short filaments bearded at the base. Ovules 2-seriate, about 5 in each row. Fruit unknown. Nile Land. Uganda: by the Turkwel River, West of Lake Rudolf, Wellby! Pterodiscus. | XCVII. PEDALINEE (STAPF). 545 Similar to P. wadulatus, but distinguished by the flowers, which are longer and have a much larger limb. J. P. intermedius, Hngl. Jahrb. xxxii.112. Rootstock napiform. Stem short, forked, 6 in. long. Leaves opposite, elongate-oblong, sub- acute, 2} in. long, 10 lin. broad, rather fleshy, mealy-glandular beneath, entire or slightly undulate ; lower petioles 5-10 lin. long. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves on short pedicels. Calyx 1-14 lin. long; segments elongate-triangular, acute. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped, lin. long, 14 lin. wide at the middle; limb orange; lobes orbicular, 2! lin. Jong and broad. Nile Land. Somaliland: country of the Arusi Gallas, near Bucker, Ellenbeck, 2020, 10. P. undulatus, baker f. in Journ. Lot. 1899, 62. Stem cylindric, over 3 lin. thick at the base, covered with papery greyish bark, then sparingly branched; branches slightly glandular-mealy, almost 6 in. long. Leaves mostly elliptic to obovate-elliptic, 1-1} in. long, 6-10 lin. broad, remotely repand to repand-crenate, undulate, more or less glan- dular-mealy on both surfaces, especially beneath, or almost quite glabrous above; petioles 6 lin. long. Pedicels scarcely longer than the calyx. Calyx ?-i lin. long; segments lanceolate. Corolla funnel- shaped, 8 lin. long; tube somewhat oblique and curved, rather slender ; limb 4 lin. across; lobes orbicular, upper 1 lin. long, slightly broader. Filaments hairy at the base only. Fruit suborbicular in outline, §—7 lin. long, rather broader, subcordate at the base, not emarginate at the apex. Nile Land. British Somaliland: Wagga Mountains, Mrs. Lort-Phillips ! 11. P. angustifolius, Hngl. Jahrb. xix., 155. Rootstock thick. ‘Stems several, simple or branched near the base, purple, up to 4 in. long. Leaves crowded, lanceolate, attenuate at the base into a long petiole, entire or wavy or irregularly toothed, 13-24 in. long, 3-5 lin. broad, green, glandular-mealy on both surfaces. Pedicels #1 lin. long. Calyx } lin. long ; segments lanceolate. Corolla orange-yellow ; tube elongate- cylindric, 10-12 lin. long, 1 lin. wide; upper lip half as long as the lower, its lobes #-1 lin. long and 14 lin. broad, intermediate lobe of the lower lip obovate, 2—2} lin. long, all the lobes crisped and ciliate. Fruit unknown.—Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 364. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: between Magu and Kagehi, Fischer, 462. 12. P. saccatus, S. Moore in Journ. Bot. 1899, 62. Rootstock branched ; branches divaricate, up to 4 in. long, 3—4 (and in places to 5) lin, thick, covered with rough brown bark, producing from the ends short simple leaf- and flower-bearing densely glandular-mealy shoots up to 2 in. long. Leaves subsessile, linear-lanceolate, undulate, rarely denticulate, 5-9 lin. long, 1-1} lin. broad, densely glandular-mealy on VOL. IV.—SEC. 2. 2N 546 XCVII. PEDALINE® (STAPF). | Pterodiscus. both surfaces. Pedicels about as long as the calyx. Calyx 1-1} lin. long; segments lanceolate, shortly Seuminee Corolla apparently purple and yellow; tube trumpet-shaped, 9-13 lin. long, 1 lin. wide near the base, 24-3 bat wide towards the mouth, distinctly saccate at the base; limb over } in. across; lobes orbicular, 14-2 lin. long, 2-24 lin. broad. ‘Longer filaments 54 lin. long. Nile Land. Somaliland: Wagga Mountains, JZs, Lort-Phillips ! Habrawah Country, Gun Libar (?), 5900 ft., Donaldson Smith ! 13. P. heterophyllus, Stwpf Stem base unknown, annual shoots over 2 in. long, slender, more or less glandular-mealy. Leaves hetero- morphic, lowest pair with very small (2 lin. long) oblong to elliptic blades on slender petioles (4 lin. long), the next more or “less elliptic from a cuneate base, obtuse, subrepand, about 10 lin. iong, 5-6 lin. broad, on petioles 6 lin. long, the upper 5—6 pairs linear-lanceolate to linear, with 1 or 2 short obtuse teeth on each side, up to more than 2 in. long and 2-3 lin. broad, long attenuate into the slender petiole (up to 9 lin. long), densely mealy-glandular below, much less so or almost: glabrous above. Pedicels up to 2 lin. long. Calyx 14 lin. long; segments lanceolate, acuminate. Corolla lurid-purple with a dark blotch in the throat; tube funnel-shaped, about 10 lin. long, almost. straight with an oblique mouth, loosely hairy in the throat, } lin. wide near the base, 2 lin. wide, about 7 lin. from the base; limb 5-7 lin. across; lobes orbicular, 1-2 lin. long and distinctly broader. Longer filaments 4 lin. long, hairy all along, shorter near the base only. Ovules 2-seriate, 5-6 in oe row.—P. speciosus, Oliver in James, Unknown Horn of Africa, 321, not of Hook. Nile Land. Somaliland: w precise locality, James J Thrupp ! Iinperfectly known species. 14. P. Gayi, Decne in Ann. Sc. Nat. 5™° sér, ili. 336. Stem glabrous, sparingly granular (glandular- mealy) in the upper part. Leaves obovate-spathulate, denticulate, 2-3 in. long, 1 in. broad, at- tenuate at the base, sparingly granular (glandular-mealy) on the back,. particularly the upper leaves; petiole 2-2} lin. long. Pedicels and calyx unknown. Corolla 1} in. long; tube feline for almost 3 lin. from the base, then gradually widened, obconie and oblique, 4—5 lin. wide at the mouth, pale purple; limb ‘plackish- -purple; lobes ciliolate- with rigid yellow Heine =P; brasiliensis, Aschers. in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 182. [og gervee brasiliensis, J. Gay in Ann. Se. Nat. 17¢ sér. i. 457, and in DC. Prodr, ix. 257, Lower Guinea(?) Quipungo. The characters given above are taken from Gay’s manuscript monograph of the order, now at Kew. Gay described the species from an imperfect specimen, pre- served in the Paris Herbarium. He does not quote any locality in the Annales des Sciences Naturelles, andin his manuscript he simply says ‘ Habitat in Brasilia.’” Pterodiscus. | XCVII, PEDALINE® (STAPF). DAT Decaisne indicates, however, Quipungo as the habitat, ‘a locality on the West Coast of Africa.” Ascherson, le., suggests that Kipungo in Mossamedes might have been meait, and further that the Paris plant is identical with Welwitsch’s P. aurantiacus, which can hardly be the case judging from Gay’s description. 3}. HOLUBIA, Oliver in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 1475. Calyx small, 5-partite ; segments subulate-lanceolate. Corolla-tube cylindric at the middle, funnel-shaped at the mouth, produced posti- cously into a large sac at the base ; limb spreading, obscurely 2- labiate ; lobes 5, suborbicular, subequal. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted low down in the corolla-tube; filaments long, filiform; anthers parallel, ovoid, dorsifixed, dehiscing longitudinally by a short slit. Dise free, posticously dilated, fleshy. Ovary laterally slightly compressed, quad- rangular (angles keeled), 2-celled ; cells undivided, equal; ovules 2-seriate, 8 in each cell. Fruit unknown.—A herb. Leaves palmati- nerved, more or less lobed. | Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves, greenish-yellow. Species 1, extending into South Africa. 1. Hl. saccata, Oliver, 1. c. Flowering branches glabrous or almost so. Leaves orbicular-ovate, truncate or slightly cordate at the base, very obtuse, slightly lobed or sinuate, 1-1} in. long and broad, sparingly mealy-glandular below, glabrous above; petiole 1-1} in. long. Corolla-tube (from the calyx to the mouth) 14-14 in. long; sae up to 1 in. long and over } in. wide; limb 2 in. wide.—Stapf in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. ii. 457. Mozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Kalahari Desert, near Mamunwe, Lugard, 240 ! Also in South Africa, 4. HARPAGOPHYTUM, DC.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. lee LOST. Calyx campanulate, 5-partite; segments lanceolate, narrow. Corolla- tube funnel-shaped, equal or slightly gibbous; limb oblique; lobes orbicular, slightly unequal. Anther-cells parallel, pendulous from the apex of the connective, dehiscing longitudinally at the base. Ovary 2-celled ; cells undivided ; ovules many in each cell, biseriate. Fruit an ovoid or oblong, 2-celled, tardily dehiscent capsule, flattened contrary to the septum, armed along the edges with 2 rows of long horny arms bearing recurved spines. Seeds numerous, obovate, horizontal.— Perennial herbs with a stout rootstock and long trailing stems. Leaves shortly petioled. Flowers solitary on short pedicels in the axils of the leaves. Species 2-3 in Tropical and South Africa. 548 XCVII. PEDALINEE (STAPF). | Tarpagophytum. 1. H. procumbens, DC. Prod. ix. 257. Stem like the whole plant subglabrous (apart from the mucilage glands) or the younger parts more or less minutely hispidulous. Leaves rotundate-ovate to rhomboid or ovate in outline, pinnatilobed to or beyond the middle, }—1} in. long, about 4-1 in. broad, shortly cuneate at the base, glaucous or whitish and powdery-glandular below ; lobes more or less oblong, obtuse, with 1-3 short, obtuse, irregular teeth; petioles 3-9 lin. long. Pedicels about 3 lin. long. Calyx 2-4 lin. long. Corolla 2-24 in. long; tube narrow and cylindric for 4—5 lin. from the base, then widened, trumpet- or funnel-shaped, about $in. wide just below the mouth, yellowish below, passing into purple above; limb 1—1} in. across, deep purple ; lobes suborbicular, broader than long.—DC. in Deless. Ic. Sel. v. 39, t. 94; Engl. Jahrb. x. 255; Stapf in Dyer, FI. Cap. iv. 1. 458. 4H. Burchellii, Decne in Deless. Ie. Sel. v. 40. Uncaria procumbens, Burch. Trav. i, 536, 529 with fig. of fruit. IMozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Ngamiland; Kalahari Desert between Kwebe and Palapye, 3000 ft., ZLugard, 273! Botletle Valley, Lugard, 212, partly ! Var. sublobatum, Engl. in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 370. Leaves rotundate- ovate or broad-elliptic to oblong, rarely obovate-spathulate, repand to shallowly and obtusely lobed and undulate, truncate to cuneate at the base 1-2 in. long, % to over 1 in. broad. Lower Guinea. Angola: near Kabindere on the Kubango River, 3800 ft., Baum, 339! German South-west Africa : Amboland ; Olukonda, Rautanen, 95! Mozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Ngamiland; Botletle Valley, Lugard, 212 partly! Kobis, Baines! near Lake Ngami, McCabe, 46! Matabeleland: Shasha River, Rand, 200! and without precise locality, Elliott ! The typical form extends to the south as far as the Orange River. 5. ROGERIA, J. Gay; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 1057. Calyx small, 5-partite. Corolla-tube funnel-shaped to almost cylindric, slightly gibbous to saccate on the posticous side of the hase; limb spreading, obscurely 2-labiate; lobes suborbicular, sub- equal. Stamens 4, didynamous, inserted low down in the corolla-tube ; filaments long, filiform; anthers parallel, ovate-oblong, dorsifixed. Ovary unequally 2-celled; posticous cell much shorter and smaller, perfectly divided by a spurious septum ; anticous cell divided imper- fectly (in the lower part); ovules numerous and about 4-seriate in each of the anticous, few and l-seriate in the posticous divisions. Capsule obliquely ovoid, rostrate, armed with 2-8 conic spines or tubercles, the large anterior cell tardily dehiscent loculicidally to the middle, the posticous indehiscent. Seeds oblong, angular ; testa reticu- late. Leaves broad, long-petioled. Flowers in axillary few- or 1- flowered cymes on short pedicels, violet or white. Species 8, one of them extending into South Africa. Leaves more or less 8-lobed; capsule with 4 (8) spines at the base : : . 1. R. adenophylla, Leaves not 3-lobed ; capsule with 2 or no spines. Rogeria. | XCVII. PEDALINE® (STAPF). 549 Leaves subentire ; capsule with 2 spines at the base of the back. ; : : i . 2. R. longiflora. Leaves sinuate- fentater: capsule with 2 gibbosities at the base of the back . F : ; . 3. R. bigibbosa. 1. R. adenophylla, /. Gay in Ann. Sc. Nat. 1° sér. i. 407. Stem up to 7 ft. high, mealy- “glaincialias in the upper part. Leaves very broadly obovate, more or less 3-lobed, truncate or shortly cuneate at the base, 2—4 in. long and broad, mealy- glandular particularly below, glaucous, boldly 3 -nerved to penninerved ; lobes obtuse, remotely re- pand-dentate ; teeth subulate, each with a double-gland at the base. Flowers 3-1 in the axils of the leaves, subsessile. Calyx 14-2 lin. long ; Seorments linear-lanceolate. Corolla 14 toalmost 2in. long; ‘tube funnel- shaped from a short slightly gibbous base, 1i-I4 in. long, about 4 lin. wide above the middle, whitish to orange, densely mealy-glandular ; himb deep dull purple or mremooneealecad! over $ in. across; lobes 4 lin. long, 5 lin. broad. Capsule 1-14 in. long with 4 spreading spines up to 3 lin. long below the middie, often with 4 smaller ones alternating with them. Seeds 412 lin. long. —DC. Prodr. ix. 256; Schweinf. Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 97; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 796; Stapf in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfamn. iv. 3B. 262. Pedaliwm Caillaudii, Del. & Kotschy, Pl. Nub. No. 151. P. Rodgeria, Decne in Ann. Se. Nat. 5™° sér, 11. 331. Upper Guinea. Senegal: near Richardtol, Déllinger! Northern Nigeria : Kuka, Vogel, 48 ! Nile Land. Cordofan, Kotschy, 108! 290! Pfund, 348! 781! Sudan : banks of the White Nile, Schweinfurth, 946! Arashkol Mountain, Kotschy, 151! Blue Nile, Muriel, 40! Nubia: Uaratab Mountain, near Suakin, Schwein- Surth, 1425 ! Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; banks of the Bero and Maiombo Rivers, Welwitsch, 1657! Pedra do Rei, near Boca do Bero, Welwitsch, fruit, 42 2. R. longiflora, /. Gay in Ann. Sc. Nat. 1 sér. i. 457. Stem mealy- glandular only at the very top. Leaves ovate to rotundate- ovate, subentire with a somewhat wavy margin, obtuse at the apex, subacute to subdtruncate at the base, 2-31 in. long, 15-35 in. broad, mealy-glandular and glaucous below, boldly 3-nerved. Flowers 2—1 in the axils of the leaves : pedicels densely mealy-glandular, up to 2 jin. long. Calyx 2 lin. long; segments lanceolate, subequal. Corolla white (Jeerburg); tube subeylindric, more or less Ney HaRSES LE ey widened at the base, 2-2} in. long, 14 lin. wide at the middle, 8 lin. wide near the base, on glandular ; limb 14-1} in. in diam. ; lobes about 5 lin. long and broad, excepting the lowermost, which is some- what longer. Fruit oblong, 2 in. long including the beak, with 1 Be eeved short spine on each side of the base. 5G. Prodr. ix. 257 Harv. Thes. Cap. ii. 12, t. 118 ; Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. 11. 459. Re. longiflora, var. tr iloba, Engl. Jahrb. x. 255. Martynia longiflora, Royen in Linn. Syst. ‘ed. xii. 412; Meerb. Afbeeld. t. vil. Pedalium longiflorwm, Decne in Ann. Se. Nat. 5m sér, iii, 331. Lower Guinea. Damaraland, Miss Elliott! cliffs by the Swakop River, 2600 ft., Marloth, 13883 ! : 550 XCVIL. PEDALINE® (STAPF). | Rogeria. Also in South Africa. Miss Elliott’s specimen has the corolla-tube more widened at the base (4 lin. across) so that it might b2 described as shortly saccate, and the leaves are much smaller than in the type (1 in. long) and rather penni- nerved with an indication of 3 lobes. It .is possibly the same form which Engler described as var. triloba. R. bigibbosa, Hngl. Jahrb. x. 256. Stem stout, like the whole ae nearly-glandular all over, swollen and about 5 lin. thick at the middle; internodes 10-15 line long. Leaves ovate, coarsely sinuate- dentate, 12-2 in. long, 1-14 in. broad ; teeth 2-24 lin. long; petioles up to 10 lin. long, persistent. Fruits on short, arrested, leafy branch- lets. Capsule 12 in. long, 7-8 lin. in diam. where widest, beak curved forwards, base bulging out posticously into 2 gibbosities. Seeds 1} lin. long. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland, Otyimbingue, 3000 tt., Marloth, 1485 ! 6. SESAMUM, L.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1059. Calyx small or middle-sized, 5-partite, usually suboblique. Corolla obliquely campanulate ; limb more or less oblique, obscurely 2-labiate, lowest lobe usually distinctly longer than the others. Stamens sub- didynamous, inserted low down in the corolla-tube, not conniving ; filaments slender, filiform; anthers dorsifixed, cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally to the base. Disc annular, equal. Ovary 2-celled ; cells divided by a spurious septum almost to the apex; ovules numerous, l-seriate in each division. Capsule oblong, slightly compressed con- trary to the septum, loculicidal towards the base, more or less beaked, without any lateral appendage at the apex. Seeds numerous, com- pressed, obovate—Annual or perennial, erect or procumbent herbs. Leaves membranous, sometimes rather firm, petioled or the upper sub- sessile, polymorphous. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves on mostly very short pedicels, pale pink to deep purple. Species about 18, some extending to South Africa and India. ‘ Sesamorypus. — Plants distinctly (though some- times sparingly) pubescent or long-hairy to villous. Leaves undivided, rarely the lower 3-foliolate or 8-partite. Seeds with more or less acute margins, rarely with a narrow membra‘ous rim (8. antirrhinoides) ; faces rugose or smooth. Prostrate herbs. Leaves about as long as the internodes, obtuse at the base, shortly but distinctly petioled . ¢ . 1. S. Heudelotii. Leaves much longer than the internodes, subcuneate at the base, sessile . Q 6 . - . 2, S. repens. Erect herbs. Leaves homomorphous, always undivided ; seeds more or Jess radially rugose (rarely granular) on the faces. Sesamumne. | XCVI. PEDALINE (STAPF). Leaf-margins entire or slightly wavy, or repand, very rarely with 1—2 irregular teeth ; capsules usually slender (except in S. rigidum), rarely more than 2 lin. broad. Pedicels very short, at length 1-3 lin. long; stem more or less quadrangular and sulcate. Corolla under 9 lin. long; capsules not or obscurely beaked. Leaves linear, up to over 2 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad : ; 4 Leaves lanceolate-oblong, 1—2 in. long, 3-9 lin. broad 3 - é Corolla 1-24 in. long ; capsules beaked. Corolla under 2 in. long. Petioles slender, up to 9 lin. long, extratloral nectaries stipitate. Margins of seed drawn out into a membranous rim, faces granular . Margins of seeds acute; faces radially rugose . . c a 6 Petioles very short or 0%; extratloral nectaries sessile. Leaves linear, 3-3 lin, broad. Beak of capsule slender, very acute; seeds up to # lin. long, faces conspicuously rugose . Beak of capsule broad, often obtuse ; seeds 1 lin. long, faces faintly ragose . : : Leaves lanceolate to linear, 6-2 lin. broad : 5 0 6 é Corolla 2-24 in. long 0 : 5 : Pedicels slender, at leagth up to 8 lin. long; stem terete é . : o 4 A Leaves (at least the lowest) often coarsely toothed ; capsules 35-4 lin. broad. : . : Lower leaves usually 3-foliolate, upper undivided. The whole plant densely glandular-hairy ; faces of seeds rugose near the margins with a well- defined smooth area in the centre . ¢ : The whole plant sparingly and finely pubescent ; seeds quite smooth ** SESAMOPTERIS. — Plants glabrous (apart from the mucilage glands), or with few microscopic ad- pressed hairs on the youngest parts. Leaves (at least the lower and intermediate) 7—3-foliolate or 7-3-partite. Seeds broadly winged (excepting S. Schenckii), faces muriculate-foveolate. Leaves heteromorphous, the upper undivided. o a 12. 13. 14. S. pedalioides. S. mombanzense. S. antirrhinoides. S. schinzianwin. . angustifolium. S, Bauintt. S. calycinum. S. angolense. S. rigidwin. S. radiatum. S. VWarlothii. S. tadiewin. Seeds with an apical and abasal wing. ~ 15. S. alatum. Seeds wingless BU Tite : : : . 16, 8S. Schenckit, All the leaves 5—3-foliolate : 5 4 : . 17. S. capense. 552 XCVII. PEDALINE® (STAPF). [Sesamumne. 1. S. Heudelotii, Stapf. Stems slender, trailing, sparingly mealy-glandular and pubescent. Leaves numerous, about as long as the internodes, lanceolate- oblong, acute at the apex, obtuse at the base, entire, 3-1 in. long, 3-3} lin. broad, more or less pubescent, densely covered below with white mealy glands ; nerves about 4 on each side, raised and conspicuous below; petiole 4-1 lin. long. -Pedicels up to 2 lin. iong. Calyx 3 lin. long; segments linear-lanceolate. Corolla up to 14 in. long, finely pubescent, lowest lobe 3 lin. long. Fruit unknown. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, without precise locality, Heudelot, 147! 2. S. repens, Hng!. d Gilg in Bawm, Kunene-Samb. Lxped. 371. Stems prostrate, up to 2 ft. long, densely pubescent and sparingly mealy-glandular. Leaves very numerous, much longer than the inter- nodes, sessile, oblong, obtuse, subcuneate at the base, entire, about 1 in. long, 3-4 lin. broad, pubescent, mealy-glandular on both sides, particu- larly below, nerves about 4 on each side, very oblique, impressed above, very prominent below. Pedicels 1-1} lin. long. Calyx 2-23 lin. long, pubescent; segments lanceolate. Corolla about 1 in. long, pubescent, vose-coloured ; lowest lobe depressed, orbicular, 4 lin. long. Capsule 7-8 lin. long, 2lin.broad. Seeds ? lin. long, margins acute, sides rather broad, like the flat faces shallowly-pitted. Lower Guinea. Angola: by the Longa River, between Lazingua River and Quiriri River, 4000 ft., Baum, 660 ! S. pedalioides, Welw. ex Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.i. 799. ehsan erect, branched, rather wiry, up to 2 ft. high, terete or obscurely quadrangular, densely greyish, pubescent oF villous with long-spreading gland-tipped hairs ; internodes rarely over } in. long. Leaves numerous, linear, subacute, attenuate at the base, entire or slightly repand, up to over 2 in. long, 1-2 lin. broad, greyish, pubescent and more or less covered with sessile glands, particularly below ; petioles very slender up to 1 lin. long. Pedicels very short in flower, villous, 2-bracteolate ; nectaries sessile or subsessile. Calyx 14 lin. long, greyish-villous ; segments lanceolate-linear. Corolla slightly obliquely campanulate, 5-7 lin. long, finely pubescent; lobes very small, lowest 2 lin. long. Capsule ovoid-oblong, subtruncate and slightly emarginate, obtusely quadrangular, 4- suleate, 4-cornute at the base, 4 lin. long. Seeds 1 lin. long, margins acute or narrowly winged, faces transversely or radially rugose. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; by the River Bero, Welwitsch, 1643! between Huilla and Humpata, Johnston ! 4. S. mombanzense, Ve Wild. et Durand in Pl. Thonner. Congol. 36, ¢. 14. Stems erect, branched, 1} ft. high, sparsely and spreadingly pu bescent. Leaves lamerolece: oblong , acute, narrowed towards both ends, entire, 1-2 in. long, 3-9 lin. broad, ‘slightly hairy above, whitish- -hairy Sesamum. | XCVII, PEDALINE® (STAPF). DD& below; petioles slender, 2-3lin. long. Pedicels slender, at first } lin. long, at length 2 lin. long, whitish-hairy, 2-bracteolate at the base ; bracteoles filiform. Calyx 2—24 lin. long, hairy; segments lanceolate. Corolla purple, sparsely hairy, obliquely campanulate, 7-8 lin. long; ‘lobes very short, subequal. Capsules 6-9 lin. long, 23 lin. broad, scarcely beaked, apiculate, covered with long white hairs. Seeds 1} lin. long, faces radially rugose, sides pitted, one margin acute, the other rounded off. South Central. Congo Free State: Mbanza, near Businga, 1300 ft., Thonner, 116! De Wildeman and Durand described and figured (l.c. 37, t. 15) another species as. S. Thonneri, which they say was collected together with S. mombanzense and sent to them under the same number. They further add that they originally referred it to the same species, but finally separated it on account of the anther-cells of the lower pair of stamens being divergent, instead of parallel, and dehiscing with a short slit. The descriptions and figures of the two species agree, however, to such an extent that I cannot help thinking that the difference in the anthers must be due to some anomaly in their development. 5. S. antirrhinoides, | Welw. ex Aschers. in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 183. Stems erect, branched, up to 8 ft. high, sparingly branched, like the whole plant softly glandular-hairy, terete below, obscurely quadrangular above, internodes rarely over 14 in. long. Leaves lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, subobtuse or apiculate, cuneate at the base, entire or obscurely repand, 1-2 in. long, 2-6 lin. broad, dull green, at length glabrescent, with very few sessile glands among the hairs; petiole very slender, up to } in. long, upper very short. Pedicels very short, in fruit 2 lin. long; nectaries stipitate. Calyx 2 lin. long, linear-lanceclate. Corolla tubular-campanulate, rose-violet or purple, about 1 in. long; throat 3-4 lin. wide; limb 4 in. in diam. ; Ss? lowest lobe 3 lin. long and broad, suborbicular, apiculate. Capsule #-1 in. long, rounded-quadrangular, deeply 4-sulcate, hairy, beak acuminate. Seeds 14 lin. long, very strongly compressed, margins narrowly winged, faces finely granular.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1.798. Volkameria antirrhinodes, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. il. 482. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; banks of the River Bero, Welwitsch, 1648! near Giraul, Welwitsch, 1655. 6. S. schinzianum, Aschers. in Verhandl. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 182. Stem slender, branched, terete or obscurely tetragonous, like the whole plant densely glandular-villous, whitish or straw- coloured. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to linear, subacute or mucronulate, those of the main stem up to 12 in. long and 4 lin. broad, those of the branches much shorter and narrower, glaucous, attenuated into the petiole, which is up to 9 lin. long in the largest leaves, and very short inthe smaller. Pedicels 2 (in fruit up to 3) lin. long ; nectaries stipitate. Calyx 14 lin. long; segments lanceolate. Corolla pale rose-coloured, 1-11 in. long, very gibbous above the base. Capsule 9-12 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, beak drawn out into a slender villous acumen. Seeds 1 lin. dd4 XCVII. PEDALINE (STAPF). | Sesamumnn. long, margins very acute, faces radially striate, sides narrow, transversely striate and pitted.—Enygl. Jahrb. x. 257, t. 7, fig. C. Lower Guinea. Damaraland : near Otyimbingue, Marloth, 1401! Otyitambe, Belck, 23; and without precise locality, Liideritz. S. angustifolium, Hngl. in Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 365. Stem erect, simple or branched, slender, several feet high, obtusely quad- rangular, sparingly pubescent or elabr escent, with very few sessile glands among the hairs. Leaves subsessile or the lowest shortly petioled, linear to lanceolate-linear, acute or subacute, cuneate at the base, entire, very rarely repand, 3—1 in. long, 3-1 lin. broad, sparingly pubescent above, more so below on the nerves, glaucous below from sessile glands ; nerves delicate or in the lowest leaves rather prominent below, 7—8 on each side, very oblique ; veins usually quite inconspicuous. Pedicels hardly any in flower, at length 1 lin. long, 2-bracteolate at the base; nectaries sessile. Calyx 2-3 lin. long; segments lanceolate- subulate to finely subulate, pubescent and mealy-glandular. Corolla dull rose-colour, obliquely campanulate, 1-1} in. long, whitish pubescent; lowest lobe orbicular-ovate, rounded, 3-4 lin. in diam. Capsule acuminate-rostrate, 8-10 lin. long, 14-1} lin. wide, pubescent, obtusely Cate ioe 4-suleate, beak slender. Seeds very broadly obovate, up } lin. long, margins acute, faces radially or transversely rugose, sides eon conspicuously transversely rugose and pitted.—S. indicum, var. 2 angustifolium, Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxix. 131. S. calycinwm, Engl. Jahrb. xix. 158, not of Welw. Wile Land. Banks of the White Nile, Petherick! Uganda: near Lake Naivasha, 6000 ft., Scott-Elliot, 7035! Kavirondo, Scott-Elliot, 7107! near Kampala, Whyte! 6-days march from Mumias, Whyte ! South Central. Congo Free State : Monbuttu; Munza, Schweinfurth, 3390! : Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Hildebrandt, 1192! German East Africa : Bukoba, Stuhlnwann, 3604! Unyamwezi, Speke 4 Grant ! Dar-es-Salaam, Kirk, 134! Lower Rovuma River, Meller ! and without precise locality, Hanninglon ! British Central Africa : South of Lake Tanganyika, Cameron! Upper Loaugwa Hiver, Nicholson ! Engler, in describing this species under the name of S. calycinum, Welw., in Jahrb. xix. 158, states that the lower leaves are sometimes 3-partite, aud usually obleng and coarsely dentate along the whole margin. All the leaves of the specimens enumerated above are quite entire, with the exception of a few on Kirk’s specimen from Dar-es-Salam, which are slightly repand. Engler indicates this species also from the following localities in German East Africa :—Usagara; Mpwapwa, Stuhlmann, 270 ; Bagamoyo, Hildebrandt, 1192 b ; Ugalla, near Gonda, Béhm, 30; Tabora, Stuhlmann, 604. 8. S. Baumii, Stapf. Stem very slender, erect, up to over 3 ft. high, obtusely quadrangular, suleate, sparingly pubescent or glabrescent, with very few sessile glands among the hairs. Leaves subsessile, linear, entire, acute, subcuneate at the base, up to 3 in, long, 3-2 lin. broad, sparingly and minutely pubescent and whitish- glaucous from sessile glands, at length glabrescent above, nerves distinct, about 5 on each Sesamum. | XCVIIL. PEDALINE® (STAPF). D090 side, very oblique, veins distinct except in the narrowest leaves. Pedicels in flower 4—1 (at length 2) lin. long, minutely 2-bracteolate ; nectaries subsessile. Calyx 2 lin. long, whitish glaucous or grey, minutely pubescent; segments linear-lanceolate, acuminate. Corolla pale rose-colour, obliquely campanulate, about 14 in. long, finely pubescent ; lowest lobe broad-ovate, nounaee 3 lin. long and broad. Capsule shortly rostrate, 7-8 lin. long, 2 lin. broad, obtusely quad- rangular, 4-sulcate ; beak 1 lin. long, Tather broad and often obtuse. Seeds 1 lin. long, margins very acute, faces faintly rugose, sides broad, transversely rugulose.—S. angustifoliwum, Engl. in Baum, Kunene- Samb. Exped. 371. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes ;:in sand by the Cunene River between KXiteve and Humbe, 3600 ft., Bawim, 959! Very similar to S. angustifolium, bat differing in the finer indumentum, the shorter and comparatively broader capsules with a short, broad beak and the larger, less rugose seeds. 9. S. calycinum, Welw. in Trans. Linn. Soc, xxvii. 52. Stem 2-3 ft. high, erect, simple or sparingly branched upwards, with arrested branchlets forming small tufts of leaves in the lower leaf-axils, obtusely quadrangular, sparingly rufo-subhirsute or pubescent and mealy-glan- dular. Leaves subsessile, lanceolate to linear, obtuse to acute at the apex, cuneate at the base, 23-1 in. long, 6—2 lin. wide, entire, rarely with 1-2 irregular teeth, finely hirsute Bie and on the nerves below, at length more or less ela brescent, glaucous from sessile glands below, at least when young; nerves rather prominent below, “4-5 on each side, very oblique, transverse veins distinct. Pedicels 14-2 Ge length over 2) lin. long, ebracteolate ; nectaries sessile. Calyx 3-34 lin. long, pubescent and mealy- glandular ; segments subulate- lanceolate, finely acuminate. Corolla rose-coloured, obliquely campanulate, meg in. long, rufo-pubescent ; lowest lobe orbicular, subapiculate, } in. in diam. Capsule acuminate-rostrate, almost 1 in. long, 2 lin. wide, pubescent, 4-suleate, obtusely quadrangular. Seeds not quite 1 lin. long, margins acute, faces like the broad sides finely or quite obscurely rugose.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 797 (excl. Oliver’s syn.). Lower Guinea. Angola: Pango Andongo; in dry sandy thickets between Caghuy and Sansamanda, Welwitsch, 164A ! Mozamb. Dist. Mashonaland: Six Mile Spruit, near Salisbury, Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 142! I find the nectaries to be sessile, not ‘ evidently stipitate,’’ as Welwitsch says. De Wildeman and Durand (Relig. Dewéevr. 173) indicate this species also from the Upper Cong», at Kasongo, where Dewevre (919) collected it, who describes the corolla as violet with a white tube and a yellow, violet-streaked lip, and states that the natives on the shore of Lake Tanganyika eat it. 10. S. angolense, Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr. 588, and in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii, 51. Stem erect, 3-8 ft. high, subterete or obtusely quadrangular and sulcate, sparingly pubescent when young, then glabrescent, simple or more or less branched above. Leaves very Db XCVII, PEDALINE® (STAPF). [ Sesamume numerous, usually longer than the internodes, linear-oblong to sub- lanceolate, rarely elliptic- or ovate-oblong, rounded, subemarginate or sometimes acute at the apex, often mucronulate, narrowed at the base, entire or subrepand with wavy margins, 2-4 in. long, }-14 in. broad, deep green and sparsely pubescent or almost glabrous above, whitish, subtomentose and mealy-glandular below, rather firm, nervation im- pressed above, slightly raised below ; petioles very short or hardly any ;, upper leaves passing into the similar foliaceous lower bracts. Upper bracts linear, very narrow, acuminate, rapidly decreasing in size. Pedicels very short, at length up to 3 lin. long, 2- bracteolate at the base; nectaries sessile. Calyx + to over } in. long, pubescent ; seg- ments lanceolate, subulate-acuminate. Corolla brilliant violet- purple, 2 to over 24 in. long, obliquely campanulate, more or less pubescent ; throat up to | in. wide; lowest lobe suborbicular, up to lin. in diam. Capsule 10-12 lin. long, 2-21 lin, broad, obtusely quadrangular and 4-suleate, finely pubescent or glabrescent, beak short, broad. Seeds. blackish, 1-14 lin. long, margins acute, faces radially rugose, sides pitted.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 797; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 365, and Bot. Jahrb. xix. 158, and xxviii. 483; Dur. & Schinz, Etudes Fl. Congo, i. 215 ; De Wild. & Durand, Relig. Dewevr. 173. S. macranthum, “Oliver in Trans. Linn. Soe. xxix, 131, t. 84; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. A, 64; var. angustifolium, Oliver, l.c. Volkameria angolensis, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. ii. 482. Wile Land. Uganda: Budda District ; Dumu, 5000 ft., Dawe, 5! Lower Guinea. Angola: Pungo Andongo; various places, Welwitsch, 1645! Malauge, Mechow, 411; Pogge, 297. South Central. Congo Free State: Goia Kapopa, near the Lualaba River, Pogge, 998; Lulua River, Pogge, 299 ; Kasongo, Dewevre, 991. Mozamb. Dist. Gannen East Africa: Urundi, Scott-Elliot, 8250! Itolio, Stuhlmann, 924; between Kagehi and Utunda, Stuhlmann, 3480; Usui, Speke & Grant, 204! Usaramo; Muhonyera, Speke g° Grant! Khutu Steppe, 1700 ft... Goetze ! and without precise locality, Hannington ! British Central Africa: Urungu ; Fwambo, 5250 ft., Nutt! Carson, 71! Nyasaland; Fort Hill, Johnston ! Masuka Plateau. 6500-7000 ft., Whyte! Uvera, Kenyon, 19! Angoniland, Purves, 57! near Blantyre, Last! near Zomba, Purves, 168! near Sani Hill, Kirk! Shire Highlands, Buchanan, 338! 705! 11. S. rigidum, Peyritsch in Wawra & Peyritsch, Sert. Benguel. 32 (Sttz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Nat, Cl. xxxvili. 1859, 572). Stem erect, 3-4 ft. high, stiff, branched from the base, terete, slender, like the whole plant finely and spreadingly pubescent with few glands among the hairs, at length glabrescent below ; branches long, rigid. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate to linear, rounded or subretuse at ea apex, cuneate at the base, quite entire, lower up to 14 in. long and } i broad, upper much shorter and narrower, pale below ; 3 petiole 2-1 Ba. long. "Bracts spathulate-linear, 4—3 lin. long. Pedicels slender, 14 “iim. (in ‘the fr uiting state up to 8 lin.) long, minutely 2-bracteolate . at the base. Calyx 21-3 lin: long; segments linear. Corolla pale rose, punc- tate in the throat, 7-10 lin. long ; lowest lobe 4-5 lin. long and broad, whitish. Capsule ovate-obiong (or subglobose according to Pe yritsch), Sesamum. | XCVII, PEDALINEE (STAPF). 557 5-7 lin. long, 3 lin. wide, densely pubescent, beak up to 2 lin. long. Seeds 1} lin. long, margins (or at least one of them) acute, sides rather broad, oblique, pitted, faces flat or one of them convex, with prominent radial lines from the margins towards the centre.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 799. Lower Guinea. Angola: among shrubs near Benguella, Wawra, 286; on the sandy shore between Benguella and Catumbella River, W “ell wo SeD. 1646 ! Mossamedes ; Chella Mountains, Johnston / Var. digitaloides, Stapf. Somewhat taller with larger leaves and flowers and a more copious and more glandular indumentum. Corolla dull red or deep rosy-purple spotted in the throat. Seeds slightly larger with more acute margins. S. digitaloides, Welw. ex Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 454; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 798. S. schinzianum, Engl. & Gilg in Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 371, not of Aschers. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes ; banks of the Rivers Girauland Bero, near the sea-shore, Welwitsch, 1647! in dry river beds north of Mossamedes, Goss- weiler, 54! near lessees, Hiptner, by the Coroca River, above Garganto do Diabo, 1000 ft., Bawm, 7! I suspect that this variety represents merely a more robust state of S. rigiduin. The leaves attain over i in. in length and over + in. in width in Gossweiler’s specimen and 2 in. and 4 in. respectively in Baum’s and Hopfner’s. The longest pedicels of Gossweiler’s plant are 6 lin., those of Hopfner’s 8% lin. long, whilst the calyx measures up to 3 lin. and the corolla up to 15 in. in length. The tomentum is much more copious in Gossweiler’s specimen than in Welwitsch, 1646, and distinetly villous in Baum, 7, and most of the soft spreading hairs are gland-tipped, which is rarely the case in typical S. rigidum. Welwitsch 1647, on the other hand, is intermediate between both. The general habit, the shape of the leaves and corollas is the same in the type and the variety. 12. S. radiatum, Schumach. in Schumach.& Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 282. The whole plant emitting an unpleasant odour, like Hyoscyamus. Stems erect, simple or branched, up to 4, or more, feet high, more or less glandular-pubescent (often villous in the upper part when young) and sparingly mealy-glandular, obtusely quadrangular, suleate. Leaves scarcely or not at all heteromorphic ; lower ovate, coarsely toothed, acute at both ends, up to 24 in. long and 1} in. broad, borne on petioles up to 1 in. long; upper leaves lanceolate, entire (rarely dentate), up to 4 in. long, ? in. broad, with shorter but always distinct petioles, gradually passing into the similar foliaceous bracts, sometimes also the upper leaves ovate and dentate; all the leaves sparingly and per- sistently hairy and mealy-g clandular below, nervation impressed above, raised below. Pedicels very short, at length up to 4} in, long, 2-bracteolate at the base ; nectaries sessile. Calyx 2-2} lin. long, pubescent ; segments lanceolate, acuminate. Corolla up to si in. long, CSNY campanulate, purple or purplish and white ; lowest lobe up to 4 in. long, suborbicular. Capsule 1-1} in. long, 33-4 lin. broad, pubescent to subvillous, with a short broad iheals Seeds 14-14 lin. long, dark brown, faces radially rugose, sides narrow, pitted, one margin acute, the other usually rounded off; hence the seed plano-convex or -bi-convex.— Webb in Hook. Niger “Fl. 150.. 8. occidentale, Regel & eieer in Ind. Sem. Hort Turic. (1842); DC. Prodr. ‘ix. 250, S. 298 XCVII. PEDALINE® (STAPF). [ Sesamame fetidum, Afzel. ex Engl. Jahrb. xix. 156. Sesamopteris radiata, DC. lic. 251, excl. syn. Endl. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Heudelot, 547! Sierra Leone: Sherboro,. Scolt-Elliot, 5897! and without precise locality, Afzedius. Liberia: Monrovia, Naumann, 54. Bassa, Vogel! Togo: Bismarckburg, Kling, 16, 44; Dahomey, Burton £ Lagos! Abeokuta, Irving ! Rowland !and without precise locality, Moloney! Phillips, 48! Punch! Northern Nigeria! Nupe, Barter, 1202! Asaba, Barter, 2921 Cross River at Ikuse, Holland, 185! Cameroons : Cameroon River, Mann, 734! Mungo, Buchholz ; Yaunde, Zenker, 259! Fernando Po, Vogel, 23! Engler quotes this plant also from Jur, Schweinfurth, 2085; German East Africa, Muansa, Stuhlinann, 4157, 4560 and Zanzibar, Stuhlmann i, 1078. I have not seen any specimens from East Africa. It occurs occasionally as a weed in various parts of the tropics. Oil is extracted from the seeds according to Zenker 5 but there is no clear evidence that the plant is cultivated. 13. S. Marlothii, Lngl. Jahrb. x. 257, t. 7, fig. D. Stem like the whole plant densely glandular-hairy, 2-24 lin. thick. Lower leaves 3-foliolate ; leaflets oblong, the intermediate 12—2 in. long, 1 in. broad ; lateral leaflets 5-15 lin. long, 5-7 lin. broad; petioles #-12 in. long; upper leaves linear-oblong, about 1 in. long, 2-24 lin. broad, shortly petioled. Pedicels at first slender, 14-2 lin. long, at length very stout, up to 34 lin. long; nectaries sessile. Calyx 3-34 lin. long; segments linear- lanceolate. Corolla obliquely campanulate, over 14 in. long; lobes very short. Capsule 14 in. long, 24 lin. broad, densely glandular- hairy, beak short, very acute. Seed 1} lin. long, blackish, faces radially rugose near the acute margins with a well-defined smooth central area. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland; by the Swakop: River, 2000 ft., Marloth, 1448! Kann Valley, Schenck, 428. 14. S.indicum, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 634. Stems erect, simple or branched, from a few to 6 ft. high, very sparingly and finely pubescent: and more or Jess mealy-glandular, at Jength glabrescent, obtusely quadrangular, suleate. Leaves very variable, usually heteromorphic ; lowest long petioled (petiole 4-6 in. long), 3-partite or 3-foliolate ; segments or leaflets ovate to ovate-lanceolate, acute, deeply dentate, 3-6 in. long, 1-2 in. broad; upper with much shorter petioles, lanceolate, acute, attenuated at the base, 2-4 in. long, }—? in. broad, entire, rarely repand, passing into the similar foliaceous bracts ; intermediate leaves also intermediate in shape and size; all the leaves very sparingly and minutely pubescent, more or less mealy-glandular below. Pedicels very short, at length 2 lin. long, 2-bracteolate or subebracteolate at the base ; nectaries sessile. Calyx 2} lin. long, finely pubescent ; segments lanceo- late, acute. Corolla about 1 in. long, obliquely campanulate, whitish, tinged with pink or purple. Capsule $-1 in. long, 4-3 in. broad, usually finely pubescent, rather abruptly contracted into a short deltoid beak.. Seeds pale brown or dark, 14 lin. long, faces smooth.—Bot. Mag. t. 1688 ; Endl. Iconogr. t. 70; Bernh. in Linnea, xvi. 37, 42; DC. Prodr. ix. 250 and P]. Rar. Gen. 18, t. 5; Wight, Illustr. t. 163; A. Rich. Tent. Fl. Abyss. ii. 62; Welw. Apont. Phyto-Geogr. 551; Oliver in Trans. Sesamuin. | XCVM. PEDALINEA) (STAPF). 559 inn. Socixxax, 131; Bentl. & Urim: Med. Pl. t. 198; Ficalho, Pl. Uteis, 237 ; Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. iv. 387; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. B. 156 456, tig. 21; Watt, Dict. Econ. Prod. Ind. vi. 11. 502-542; Stapf in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pllanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 262, fig. 100, A—L; Kohler, Med. PA. iti.; De Wild. & Durand, PJ. Thonner. Congol. 34, and Pl. Gillet. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 2™° sér. i. 39; Semler, Trop. Agrik. ed. 1.472. S. orientale, Linn. Sp. Pl. ed. 1, 634; Lam. Lllustr. iii. 82, t. 528 ; Gertn. Fruct. t. 110; Endl. in Linnea, vii. 830; Chamisso in Linnea, vil. 725; Bernh. in Linnea, xvi. 37, 42; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. 1. 797. WS. edule, Hort. ex Steud. Nom. ed. i. 769. SS. oleiferum, Moench, Meth. Suppl. 174. S. brasiliense, Vell. FI. Flum. 264, vi. t. 90. Anthadenia sesamoides, Van Houtte in Hort. Vanhoutt. fase. i. +, and in FI. des Serres, 1. (Avril 1846) 10, t. 6. Volkameria orientalis, O. Kuntze, Rey. Gen. Pl: ii. 481. V. sesamodes, O. Kuntze, l|.c. 482. Upper Guinea. Scnegambia: Galam, Roger, 140! and without precise locality, Heudelot! Sierra Leone, Don. Northern Nigeria: Nupe, Barter, 1260 ! Wile Land. Nubia: Korkos Island between Berber and Khartoum, Schwein- furth, 7485! Abyssinia: Jelaierenne, Schimper, 620! Kordofan, Kotschy, 181! 194! Pfund, 368! By the White Nile, Petherick ! Uganda: Kavirondo ; Mumias, Scott-Elliot, 7058 ! in various localities, 4400-6000 ft., Whyte ! Lower Guinea. Lower Congo: Kisantu, Gil/et,353. Angola: Libongo; by the Lifune River, Welwitsch, 1639; Cazengo; near Cacula, Welwitsch, 1640! Golungo Alto; by the Cuango River, near Sange, Welwitsch, 1688! Pungo Andongo; near the Cuanza River, near Sansamanda, and in neglected fields near Condo, Welwitsch, 1641, South Central, Congo Free State: plantations near Businga, Thonner, 115. Mozamb. Dist. German East Africa: Mininga, Speke § Grant, 74! Kilimanjaro, Johnston ! Rovuma River, Meller! Portuguese Hast Africa : Chriange, east of Lake Nyasa, Johnson, 332! British Central Africa : Nyasalands, Katunga, Scott / Cultivated in many of the above localities and in most tropical and subtropical countries for the oil which is extracted from the seeds, very probably of tropical African origin. Engler (Jahrb. xxxii. 115) described a variety integerrimum, which appears to: be merely a stunted state, about 1 ft. high, with entire oblong leaves and short capsules, It was collected by Ellenbeck in the Galla Country near Gallaboda-Jidda at 4300-4600 ft., and by Pogge in the Congo Free State by the Lulua River, A specimen collected by Whyte in Kavirondo, not far from Mumias at 4400 ft.,. represents evidently the same condition. 15. S. alatum, Zhonn. in Schumach. & Thonn. Beskr. Guin. Pl. 284. Stem erect, branched, 2-3 ft. high, more or less quadrangular and 4-suleate or almost terete, glandular in the upper part, soon glabrescent. Leaves usually heteromorphic; lower long-petioled (petiole up to 4in. long), digitately 5—(—3) foliolate or 5—(—3) partite ; leaflets or segments linear-lanceolate, entire, acute or subacute, the middle one the longest, 1—3 in. long, 1—4 lin. broad, more or less mealy- glandular below, otherwise glabrous ; upper leaves and foliaceous bracts undivided, lanceolate to finely linear, often less than 1 lin. broad, 560 XCVII. PEDALINE® (STAPF). [| Sesamum. Pedicels very short, at length very stout, and slightly over 1 lin. long, campanulate, curved near the base, pink to carmine, dark spotted in 1_3 lin. wide in the upper part, narrowed towards the base, acuminate- rostrate, finely pubescent ; beak very slender, up to } in. long. Seeds Afr. C. 365. S. pterospermum, R. Br, in Salt, Abyss. App. 64; and in t. 3, figs. 43-49. Sesamopteris alata, DC. Prody, ix. 251. Simsimum 991! Bornu, Dexrham-Clapperton. precise locality, Kotschy, 46! 94! Eritrea : Hakeko, Lord ! attenuated into the slender petioles, which decrease rapidly upwards. subebracteolate ; nectaries sessile. Calyx 2 lin. long, more or less mealy-glandular; segments subulate-lanceolate. Corolla obliquely the throat, about 1 in. long; lobes subequal. Capsule 14-2 in. long, 25-5 with an apical and a basal wing; nucleus muriculate-foveolate ; wings orbicular, firmly membranous, 24 lin. long, } lin. wide.—Engl. Pfl. Ost- Denham, Dixon & Clapperton, App. 289. SS. rostratwm, Hochst. in Flora, 1841, i. Intell. Bl. 43. JS. gracile, Endl. in Linnea, vii. 10, rostratum, Bernh. in Linnea, xvi. 39, 42. Upper Guinea. Senegambia, Roger! Northern Nigeria; Borgu, Barter, Wile Land. Soudan: near Khartoum, Schweinfurth, 818! WKordofan : Om Gasch, Pfund, 354! at the foot of Arashkol Mountain, Aotsehy, 106! and without WMozamb. Dist. Portuguese Hast Africa : Chiloane, Scott! Bechuanaland : Ngamiland ; Botletle Valley, Lugard, 188! 16. S. Schenckii, Aschers. in Verhandl. bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 184. Stem up to 22 ft, high, erect, stout, sparingly and finely mealy- glandular in the upper part. Leaves heteromorphic, the lowest and uppermost entire, the intermediate palmately 5—7-partite; segments like the entire leaves linear, intermediate segment up to 22 in. long, 2 lin. broad; petioles up to 4 in. long, Calyx 23 lin. long; segments lanceolate, acute, villous-ciliate. Corolla with a purple tube and a paler limb (bluish according to Zelck), villous, 1} in. long. Capsule 1} in. long, 24 lin. thick, shortly beaked. Seeds 1} lin. long, not winged, faces muricate-foveolate. Lower Guinea. (German South-west Africa: Hereroland; Kan Valley, Schenck, 481 ; Ameib, at the foot of the Erongo Mountains, Belch, 34. Evidently very closely allied to S. eapense. 17. S. capense, Burm. fil. Prodr. Cap. 17. Stem erect, simple or branched, }—6 ft. high, slender or stout, angular and sulcate or sub- terete, more or less mealy-glandular in the upper part, otherwise glabrous. Leaves digitately 5—3-foliolate; leaflets obovate-oblong to linear or lanceolate, subobtuse or obtuse, entire, narrowed at the base into a petiolule, or the outer sessile or fusing below, the intermediate the longest 1-24 in. long, 1-9 lin. broad above, glaucous and mealy- glandular beneath, more or less mealy-glandular on both sides; petioles 3-1 in. long, gradually decreasing upwards. Pedicels at first slender, 1 lin. long, at length very stout, up to 2 lin. long, subebracteolate ; nectaries sessile. Calyx 24 lin. long, more or less pubescent ; segments lanceolate, acuminate. Corolla violet outside, violet-purple inside, Sesamui. | XCVII. PEDALINEA! (STAPF). d61 pubescent, obliquely campanulate ; tube up to | in. long, very slightly curved a the base ; lobes about }in. long, subequal. Capsule 13-1? in. long, +-} in. broad, sparingly pubescent ; each valve strongly 3-nerved and produced at the base into 2 rounded or obscurely 5-lobed knobs o short horns; beak about 5 lin. long, subulate-acuminate from a tri- angular base. Seeds 4 in. long including the wing which runs all round from the base leaving the apex on one side, faces muriculate-foveolate.— Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. 11. 461. S. pentaphyllum, KE. Meyer in Drege, Zwei Pflanz. Documente, 50, 54 ; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 800; Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 371. SS. triphyllum, Welw. ex Asch. in Verh. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. xxx. 185, 239; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 799. S. depidotum, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 455. Sesamopteris pentaphylla, DC. Prody. ix. 251. Volkameria triphylla, O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. i. 482. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; by the River Maiombo, near Pedra do Rei, Welwitsch, 1663! in the dry bed of the River Bero, Welwitsch, 1661 partly! Mossamedes, Hopfner, 118; Newton, 33. Huilla; between Nene and Humpati and near Lopollo and Monino, Welwitsch, 1662! Benguella; near Benguella, Welwitsch, fruit, 25! between Benguella and the River Cavado, Welwitsch, 1661 partly! near Napalanka on the Longa River, 3800 ft., Bawm, 585. German South-west Africa; Amboland, Schinz. IWozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Upper Siltagoli River, Schenck, 697 ! Weir LN wm, Stapf. Calyx more or less woolly or pubescent with long hairs. Corolla pale purplish to white with a dark throat ; tube up to 14 in, long ; lobes up to 2 in. Jong. Seeds with a short “ spoon- -like” wing at the upper end.— 4 S. grandiflorum, Sclinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 453. Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Amboland; Olukonda, Rautanen, 73! Hereroland; Nanas, Fleck, 2740! Mozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Ngamiland; Kwebe Hills, 3300 ft., Lugard, 111! Mrs. Lugard, 172. S. lepidotum was described from imperfect material (Hopfner, 118, and Newton. 33) and distinguished chiefly by the dense mealy glandul»r covering on both sides of the leaves. It agrees in this respect with Welwitsch’s specimen, 1661, at Kew. The typical form oceurs also in extratropical South Africa, Imperfectly known species. 18. S. Dinterii, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii. 65. Stem erect, over 4 ft. high, like the whole plant densely covered with long fine spreading more or less gland-tipped hairs, terete or obscurely angular in the upper part, straw-coloured. Lower leaves unknown, upper lanceo- late-elliptic to lanceolate, acute, apiculate, entire, up to 1% in. long and up to 7 lin. broad, glaucous; petiole very slender up to 10 lin. long. Pedicels up to 2 lin. long, at length rather stout and 3 lin. long. Calyx 7-8 lin. long; segments lanceolate. Corolla pink with large yellow spots in the throat, very obliquely campanulate, 2 in. long; limb very oblique ; lobes subequal, about 7 lin. long and 8 lin. broad. Capsule about 1} in. long, 25-3 lin. neal densely pubescent to villous ; beak up to 4 lin. long , broad. Seeds brown, ‘strongly compressed, 1h lin. long, faces radially rugose near the margins, perfectly smooth in the centre, sides very narrow, pitted, margins acute. VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 20 t 62 XCVII. PEDALINES (STAPF). [Sesamam. sy; Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Hereroland ; near Salem, Dinter, 2; near Ubib, Lindner ! This is very closely allied to, if not identical with, S, Marlothii, from which it differs (apart from the lower leaves, which are not knowa) only in the somewhat larger and more oblique corolla and the less stout pedicels. 7. CERATOTHECA, Endl.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. 11. 1059. Calyx small or middle-sized, 5-partite, suboblique. Corolla obliquely subcampanulate; limb very oblique, porrect, obscurely 2-labiate, the lowest lobe by far the longest. Stamens subdidynamous, inserted low down in the corolla-tube, not conniving ; filaments slender, filiform ; anthers dorsifixed ; cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally to the base. Dise annular, equal. Ovary 2-celled; cells divided by a spurious septum almost to the apex; ovules numerous, |-seriate in each division. Cap- sule oblong, compressed transverse to the septum, more or less loculicidal towards the base; each carpel produced into a short spreading horn at the apex. Seeds numerous, compressed, obovate.—Annual erect or procumbent herbs. Leaves membranous, petioled, dentate or crenate. Flowers solitary in the axils of the leaves on short pedicels, rose, lilac or yellow. Species 5, one of them extending into South Africa. All the leaves entire . F : : : : . L. C. elliptica. Leaves more or less coarsely dentate or crenate, or the uppermost entire. Corolla 4—1 in. long. Leaves ovate with few mucilage glands; bracts lanceolate, entire f : é ¢ . 2. OC. integribracteata. Leaves usually deltoid to hastate, glaucous or almost white beneath from mucilage glands ; bracts similar to the leaves, but smaller and narrower, : ; - 5 Ki . 3. C. sesamoides. Corolla 2-3 in. long : : 5 - h . A. OC. triloba. 1. C. elliptica, Schinz in Bull. Herb. Boiss. iv. 452. Stem slender, erect, 14 ft. high, much-branched from the base, terete below, obscurely quadrangular above, shortly and spreadingly pubescent and like the whole plant more or less viscid. Leaves elliptic, obtuse or subacute, entire, more or less acute at the base; lower 3-1} in. long, 7-10 lin. broad; upper narrower, passing into the entire oblong-lanceolate foliaceous bracts, pubescent, particularly below; lateral nerves 2-3, very oblique; lower petioles }—} in. long, the upper much shorter. Pedicels 1-14 lin. long, with a pair of subulate bracteoles at the base. Calyx 2 lin. long, densely pubescent. Corolla yellowish with a purplish tinge, black-punctate all over, slightly over 1 in. long ; lower lobe sub- orbicular 34 lin, long, 4-5 lin. broad. Capsule 5 lin. long; horns 2} lin. long.—C. integribracteata, Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw. i. 800, partly. Lower Guinea. Angola: Mossamedes; in sandy places by the River Bero, near Cavalheiros, Welwitsch, 1654! Gambos, Newton. Ceratotheca. | XCVII. PEDALINE# (STAPF). 563 2. C. integribracteata, Hngl. Jahrb. xix. 156. Stems siender, erect, 1-24 ft. high, sparingly branched, obscurely quadrangular, more or less long and softly hairy. Leaves ovate, acute to acuminate, sub- cordate or truncate at the base, 14-24 in. long, 1—2 in. broad, coarsely dentate or crenate; the upper narrower, more sparingly dentate, passing into the lanceolate entire foliaceous bracts, loosely hairy, very sparingly mealy-glandular ; lateral nerves 3-4, very oblique, ascending ; lower petioles 5 lin. long, upper much shorter. Pedicels 1-2 lin. long with a pair of subulate bracteoles at the base. Calyx 2-24 lin. long, long and softly hairy; segments lanceolate. Corolla rose-coloured with purple streaks in the throat and on the lower lobe, 10—12 lin. long ; lower lobe orbicular, 4—5 lin. across. Capsule about 4 lin. long, 2-21 lin. broad, villous or glabrescent ; horns 14 lin. long with a broad triangular base. Seeds slightly over 1 lin. long, margins smooth, faces minutely wrinkled.—Hiern in Cat. Afr. P]. Welw. i. 800, partly ; Henriques in Bull. Soc. Brot. xvi. 72. Lower Guinea. Angola: Melange, Buchner, 80, Marques, 33, 37; Pungo Andongo, Vechow, 95; Zenza do Golungo; Mongolo Mountains at Muchao, Welwitsch, 1650! Golungo Alto; near Sange, Welwitsch, 1651! and fruit, Welwitsch, 822! 823! Cazengo; near Cacula, Welwitsch, 1649! Ambaca; between Ngombe and Lucala River, Welwitsch, 1652! Huilla; near Lopollo, Welwitsch, 1653 ! 5, C. sesamoides, nd. in Linnea, vil. 5, tt. 1-2. Stems erect or suberect, branched, }—2 ft. high, slender, pubescent. Leaves deltoid- ovate to ovate or the upper oblong to linear-oblong, from a more or less truncate base, or hastate, dentate, or entire above the middle, pubescent, very densely mealy-glandular, glaucous or whitish beneath ; petioles of the lower leaves up to more than | in. long, very slender, upper much shorter. Calyx pubescent, 2—2} lin. long ; segments lanceolate. Corolla 2 to almost | in. long, pale lilac, throat tinged with yellow and marked with purple lines; lower lobes broad-ovate, 7-10 lin. long. Capsule 6—8 lin. long, 24-3 lin. broad, hairy ; horns up to 1} lin. long, rarely very minute or quite suppressed. Seeds brown or black, slightly over 1 lin. long, margin transversely rugose.— DC. Prodr. ix. 252 (excl. syn. S. pterospermum, R. Br.) ; Bernh. in Linnea, xvi. 41; Schweinf. Beitr. FI. Aethiop. 97; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 188 excl. syn. ; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. B. 520, C. 365, and Jahrb. xxxii. 115. C. sesamoides, var. melanoptera, DC. 1.c.; Klotzsch, lc. C. melanosperma, Hochst. ex Bernh. l.c. 32, 41. Upper Guinea. Senegambia: near Kouma, Roger, 141! and without precise locality, Heudelot, 147! Kohaut ! Nile Land. Kordofan: Arashkol Mountain, Kotschy, 101! Dyika, Pfund, 112! Obeid, Pfund, 85! Taiara, Pfund, 461! and without precise locality, Kotschy, 105: Jur; Jur Ghattas, Schweinfurth, 2456 ! Uganda: Acholi country, cultivated, Dawe, 860 ! Mozamb. Dist. Portuguese East Africa: Lower Zambesi; Senna, Kirk ! Peters; Shupanga, Stewart! Kirk! Tete, Kirk! Peters; Boros, Peters ; Moramballa, Kirk! Scott! British Central Africa: Niomkolo Island in Lake Tanganyika, Carson! Nyasaland: west shore of Lake Nyasa, Kirk! Uvera, GL XCVII, PEDALINE& (STAPF). [ Ceratotheca, Kenyon, 8! Likoma Islands, Johnson ! between Kondowe and Karonga, Whyte / Karonga, Scott / and without precise locality, Whyte ! Buchanan, 1238! Shesheke, on the Zambesi. Holub ! The length of the horns of the capsule varies considerably even in the same specimen, and they may be reduced to small sharp points or quite suppressed as is the case in some of the fruits of Whyte’s and Scctt’s specimens from Karonga. These muticous or submuticous forms agree, however, in all other characters with typical C. sesamoides. According to Dawe this species is cultivated and used like Sesamum in the Acholi country. 4, ©. triloba, 1. Meyer ex Bernh. in Linnea, xvi. 29. Stems erect, up to 6 ft. high, simple or branched, obtusely quadrangular, pubescent to villous. Leaves polymorphic, lower long-petioled, from broadly ovate-cordate or almost rounded to broadly triangular and 3-lobed with the lateral lobes spreading, 13-6 in. long and _ broad, coarsely crenate, more or less pubescent to subvillous, particularly below ; upper leaves narrower, shortly petioled, passing into the ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, sparingly crenate or entire bracts; lowér petioles 2—5 in. long. Flowers opposite in a long loose raceme up to 1 ft. long; pedicels very short. Calyx 4-3 in. long, densely hairy ; segments lanceolate. Corolla lilac with purple streaks in the throat and on the lowest lobe, 2—3 in. long; lowest lobe ovate, 2-3 lin. long. Capsule 8-11 lin. long, 24 lin. broad, loosely pubescent to subvillous; horns about 24 lin. long, much compressed at the broad base. Seeds slightly over | lin. long, margins smooth, faces wrinkled.— Bot. Mag. t. 6974 ; Stapf in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. ii. 462. C. lamiifolia, Kingl. Jahrb. xix. 156. Sporledera triloba, Bernh. l.c. 42; DC. Prodr. ix. 252; Gard. Chron. 1887, ii. 492, fig. 99. S. krausseana, Bernh. |.c.; DC. l.c. 253. Sesamum lamiifolium, Engl. Jahrb. x. 256. Mozamb. Dist. Bechuanaland: Kalahari Desert; Mamunwe, Zugard, 241! Bamanguato Country ; Shoshong, Holwb! Rocky Shasha River, Holub! banks and islands of Matengwe River, Ho/wb, 1283! Matabeleland: Buluwayo, Rand, 379! and withont precise locality, Elliott! Mashonaland: between Umtali and Salisbury, Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 52! Manica, Bryce ! Also in South Africa. The whole plant has a strong unpleasant odour like that Hyoscyamus niger. 8. PRETREOTHAMNUS, Engl. Jahrb. xxxvi. 228. Calyx small, 5-partite; segments lanceolate-linear. Corolla obliquely campanulate ; limb oblique, porrect, subbilabiate; lowest lobe by far the longest. Stamens didynamous, inserted low down in the corolla tube, not conniving ; filaments slender, filiform ; anthers dorsifixed, cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary 4-celled (2-celled completely divided by a spurious septum ?); ovules 3 in each division, superposed. Fruit unknown.—A small shrub densely glandular-hairy in the young parts. Leaves coarsely sinuate-dentate. Flowers rose-coloured, solitary in the axils of the leaves on slender pedicels. Species 1, endemic. Pretreothamnus. | XCVII. PEDALINE (STAPF). DOD 1. P. rosaceus, Hngl. Jahrb. xxxvi. 228, with jigure on p. 229. A shrub, 1$-45 ft. high; young branches 1 lin. thick, densely hairy, older glabrous, reddish-brown, with the bark peeling off in thin flakes. Leaves crowded towards the tips of the branches, obovate- oblong, cuneate at the base, coarsely sinuate-dentate, up to 1 in. long about 4 tin. broad, rather densely hairy. Pedicels 3— fin, long, densely pubescent. Calyx 15-2 lin. long, densely pubescent. Corolla slightly over 1 in. long, densely glandular-pubescent, excepting the base ; pace lobe ovate, } in. long, the others short, rotundate ; throat almost 2 wide. Ovary ovoid-ellipsoid, pubescent ; style hairy. Nile Land. Somaliland: Boran; Jeroko, Hilenbeck, 2199. The frait of this genus is unknown, but the general appearance of the plant as figured by Engler points to a very close affinity with Ceratotheca or Pretrea, although there seems to be no indication of central spines or lateral horns in the Ovary. ? 9. PRETREA, J. Gay ; Benth. et Hook. f, Gen. Pl. it. 1059. Calyx small, 5-partite; segments lanceolate. Corolla . obliquely campanulate ; limb oblique, porrect, subbilabiate ; lowest lobe by far the longest. Stamens subdidynamous, inserted low down in the corolla- tube, not conniving; filaments slender, filiform ; anthers dorsifixed, cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally. Disc annular, equal. Ovary 2-celled ; cells completely divided by a spurious septum ; ovules 2 in each division. Fruit indehiscent, very hard, disc-shaped with 2 conical spines from near the centre; mesocarp ultimately with 2-4 large cavities. Seeds 2 in each division ; testa delicate.— Perennial, trailing herbs. Leaves deepiy sinuate-dentate to laciniate. Flowers rose- coloured to crimson, solitary in the axils of the leaves, nodding on long slender pedicels. Species 1, extending into South Africa. 1. P. zanguebarica, /. Gay in Ann. Sc. Nat. 1” sér. 1. 407. Stems branched, trailing, up to 6 ft. long, more or less hairy. Leaves broad- eyate to elliptic or oblong in outline, deeply sinuate-dentate or laciniate, $—1 in. long, }—? in. broad, more or less pubescent, densely mealy- glandular and white below ; petiole 2-3 lin. long. Pedicels 1— in. long. Calyx 2-3 lin. long, pubescent and gna lular mealy, Cor a 1-1} in. long; lowest lobe {—4 in. long. Fruit 2 #5 in. in diam.—DC. Prode: ix. 256 : Decne in Ann. Se. Nat. 5™° ser. iii. 333; Klotzsch in Peters, Reise Mossamb. Bot. 188 ; Engl. Pfl. Ost-Afr. C. 565; Stapf in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 264, fet, ALB 08 eke. cand in Dyer, Fl. Cap. iv. 11.463; Hiern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welw.i. 8014 P. boje- riand, Decne in Ducht. Rev. Bot. i. 517. P. Forbesiz, Decne in Ann. Se. Nat. 5™° sér. ii. 334. P.eriocarpu, Decne |.c. ; Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 372. P. loaseefolia, Klotzsch, l.c. 188; Decne in Ann. Se, Nat. 5me sér, iii. 334. P. artemisiwfolia, Klotzsch, |.c. 189, t. 31. P. sene- cioides, Klotzsch, l.c. 189, t. 32. Martynia zanguebarica, Lour. Fl. Coch. 386. Dicerocuaryum sinuatum, Bojer in Ann. Sc. Nat. 2™° sér. iv. 269, t. 10. 566 XCVII. PEDALINE# (STAPF). | Pretrea. Nile Land. British East Africa: near Malindi, Allen, 157! Lower Guinea. Angola: Kalolo, on the River Kubango, 3600 ft., Bawm! German South-west Africa: Amboland; Olukonda, Rawtanen, 275a! Mozamb. Dist. Zanzibar, Bojer! Roguett in Herb. Welwitsch, 1656- German East Africa: Dar es Salaam, Hildebrandt, 1133! Portuguese Kast Africa : opposite Mozambique, Peters! Inhambane, Peters; Lower Zambesi; Sena, Peters; Mouth of the Zambesi, Kirk! Kongone River, Kirk, 334! Missongwe, on the Lower Zambesi, Scott! Namuli Hills, Makua Country, Last! British Central Africa: Lake Shirwa, Kirk! Mashonaland : Salisbury, Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil, 73! Bechuanaland: Leshumo Valley, Holub, 710! 842! Ngamiland: Botletle Valley, Zugard, 208! Shesheke, on the Zambesi, Holub, 541! 542! Also in South Africa. 10. LINARIOPSIS, Welw.; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1060. Calyx small, 5-partite ; segments linear, the posticous much shorter than the others. Corolla subobliquely campanulate; limb oblique, vorrect ; lowest lobe longer than the others. Stamens 4, subdidyna- mous, not converging; filaments filiform; anthers oblong, dorsifixed ; cells parallel, dehiscing longitudinally to the base. Disc annular, equal. Ovary 1-celled, very imperfectly divided at the base ; ovules 2 from the base, erect. Fruit ellipsoid, obtusely quadrangular, slightly dorsally compressed, hard, indehiscent or very tardily dehiscent at the apex, and at right angles to the imperfect septum, with an acute keel over the back of each carpel and a faint one over their commissures ; tubercled between the keels. Seeds 2 or 1, obovate, margins narrowly winged towards the base, faces smooth.—Perrenial, prostrate herbs. Leaves small, ovate-lanceolate. Flowers rather small, violet, solitary in the axils of the leaves. Species 1, endemic. 1. L. prostrata, Welw. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. 53. Root cylindric or fusiform, as thick as a finger. Stem branched from the base ; branches prostrate, up to } ft. long, pubescent ; internodes 3-5: lin. long. Leaves ovate-lanceolate to oblong, subobtuse at both ends, up to 7 lin. long, 3-4 lin. broad, entire or sparingly and obscurely dentate, ciliolate, densely covered below with white glands, other- wise almost glabrous ; petioles very short or hardly any. Calyx 12 lin. long, hairy, persistent. Corolla purplish with dark purple streaks and spots in the throat, scarcely } in. long. Fruit 24~-3 lin. long. Seeds rotundate-obtuse at the apex, truncate at the base, 14 to almost 2 lin. long.—Stapf in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B, 264, fig. 97, H—K; 98, C; Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 371. Lower Guinea, Angola: Huilla; between Mumpulla and Humpata, 4000— 5000 ft., Welwitsch, 1659! on moors by the Kubango River, below Massaca, 4000 ft., Baum, 286. Welwitsch describes the flowers as purplish, Baum as of a dirty yellowish-brown- Welwitsch’s dried specimens combine both colours. Sesamothamnus. | XCVII. PEDALINEA! (STAPF). 567 11. SESAMOTHAMNUS, Welw. ; Benth. et Hook. f. Gen. Pl. ii. 1058. Calyx small, 5-partite, oblique. Corolla-tube very long, cylindrical, gently curved, with the back produced at the base into an often long slender spur; limb spreading, large, obscurely bilabiate ; lobes 5, sub- orbicular, subequal. Stamens 4, subdidynamous, almost equal, inserted above the middle of the corolla-tube; posticous filaments shorter than the anticous or 0; anthers linear-oblong, parallel, dorsitixed. Disc fused with the base of the ovary, oblique and posticousiy gibbous. Ovary 2-celled ; cells divided nearly to the apex by a spurious septum ; ovules many, 1-seriate in each division. Fruit an oblong rigid capsule, laterally (at right angles to the septum) compressed, loculicidal from the apex to the base. Seeds numerous, flat, transversely oblong, winged.—Shrubs with a short swollen bole, from which spring numerous erect stiff grey branches, or a small tree, armed with spread- ing spines (modified leaves). Foliage leaves in fascicles on arrested branchlets in the axils of the spines, deciduous. Flowers large, white or pale pink, in terminal and subterminal few-flowered short racemes. Species 5, endemic. Inner corolla-lobes long and densely fringed : . IL. S. busseanus. Corolla-lobes not fringed. Spur up to 24 lin. long . Spur 1-12 in. long. Corolla-tube glabrous apart from the mucilage bo . S. Lugardit. glands. Posticous anthers sessile . : : ¢ . 8. S. benguellensis. Posticous filaments 3 lin. long . . 5 ~ 4 S. Smithii. OU Corolla-tube long, hairy in the upper part S, Erlangert. 1. S. busseanus, Hngl. Jahrb. xxxii. 114. A small tree or shrub 12-15 ft. high, leafless when in flower. Branches ascending, covered with grey bark, pale ferruginous when quite young ; spines spreading, 5-6 lin. long, up to 24 lin. thick at the base. Flowers on short greyish hairy branchlets, which bear 1 small lateral spine on each side at the base ; pedicels 24-3 lin. long. Calyx 14 lin. long ; segments triangular, acute, the posticous smaller, narrower and deflexed. Corolla white tube cylindric to beyond the middle then funnel-shaped, 12 in. long, 12 lin. wide; spur very slender, 24-2? in. long, } lin. thick ; limb almost 2 in. across ; segments orbicular-ovate, the 4 inner fringed, 9-10 lin. in diam. (without the fringes); fringes very much dichotomously divided with a linear stalk or claw, exceeding the diameter of the lobes in length ; outermost lobes slightly smaller, naked. Filaments almost entirely adnate to the corolla-tube ; anthers 3 lin.long. Capsule elliptic, apiculate, 2} in. long, 10 lin. broad, sparingly hairy, dark brown. Seeds obovate or subreniform, 3-34 lin. long; wings up to 24 lin. broad. Wozamb. Dist. German East Africa : Salanda, south of Lake Victoria, Fischer, 454; Ugogo; near Ipala, Busse, 222. 968 XCVII, PEDALINEE# (STAPF). [ Sesamothamnus. 2, S. Lugardii, V. #. Br. A small bushy tree, 12 ft. high. Flowering branches up to over 2 lin. thick, bark brown to ashy-grey ; spines 2-6 lin. long, spreading. Leaves on very short arrested branch- lets in the axils of the spines, fascicled, produced with or after the flowers, cuneate-oblong or narrowly obovate, obtuse or retuse at the apex, 6—10 lin. long, 2-34 lin. broad, densely covered with a white scurt of exceedingly minute stellate hairs on both sides, particularly beneath. Flowers 1—3, terminal on the long shoots or on the short leaf-bearing branchlets ; pedicels 2—5 lin. long, white-scurfy. Calyx 2-3 lin. long; segments deltoid-uvate, obtuse, + anterior subequal, the posticous smaller. eorolls “weasel y covered with white scurf when young; tube 3-34 lin. long, 2} lin. wide, slightly curved, cylindric, dorsally produced at the base into a stout blunt spur up to 2 21 lin. long, tomentose within below, glabrous above; limb 2 in. AGLOSS ; lobes 8-9 lin. broad. Seamer inserted 5-6 lin. below the mouth; anticous filaments 25 lin. long, posticous 14 lin. long; anthers 2}—3 lin. long. Capsule rectangular- elliptic to obovate in outline, subemarginate at the apex, brown, more or less white-scurfy. Seeds transversely elliptic-oblong, 44—5 lin. long, 6-8 lin. broad, wings broad. WMozamb. Dist. Northern Kalahari desert: near Chukutse Salt Pan, 3000 ft., Lugard, 274! Lower Guinea. German South-west Africa: Damaraland, Chapman Baines ! S. benguellensis, Welw. in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxvii. 50, t. 18. A shrub of very variable habit, when young slender, 4 ft. high, with a stem as thick as a finger, sparingly branched or almost simple, spinous all along, when old with a short bole, 4—6 ft. in circumference, divided into short branches, as thick as an arm, from which spring numerous erect or oblique shoots, 4-6 ft. long and abundantly armed with spread- ing spines; spines 4—6 lin. long. “Leaves appearing after the flowers, obovate-spathulate, obtuse orsubemarginate, eradually attenuated into the petiole, 4—6 lin. long, glaucescent. Racemes : 3-7-flowered ; pedicels stout 2-4 (rarely to 5) lin. long, 2-bracteolate ; bracteoles ovate or lanceolate, scarcely 1 lin. long. Calyx-segments ovate- triangular, acute or subacute, the anterior 4 subequal, 2 3 lin, long, the posticous smaller, more or less deflexed. Corolla white to pale pink, sweet scented ; tube 24-24 in. long, 13-2 lin. thick at the middle ; spur 1-1} in. long, horizontal limb oe —21 in. in diam. ; lobes }—} in. broad, margin entire, naked. Posticous anthers sessile. Capsule elongate-obovate or obovate-oblong, 5-3} a long, 1-14 in. broad. Seeds 5 lin. long, 8-9 lin. broad including the wing which are 3 lin. broad where widest. ——Hliern in Cat. Afr. Pl. Welaee i. 796; Baum, Kunene-Samb. Exped. 371. Lower Guinea, Angola: Mossamedes; in dry rocky places on the Serra da Cazimba, between Cazimba and Quitibe, 600-1000 ft., and at Cazimba, Welwitsch, 1509! Chella Mountains, between Nevis and Petri Grande, 1000 ft., Bawm, 1006! 4. S. Smithii, Poker. Stem and leaves unknown, Flowers in 3-7-flowered racemes; rhachis purplish, densely mealy-glandular, not Sesamothamnus. | XCVII. PEDALINEZ (STAPF). 569 much over 1 in. long, rather slender; bracts very small, or the lowest sometimes foliaceous with a small obovate densely mealy-glandular blade; pedicels up to 3 lin. long, 2-bracteolate ; bracteoles very small. Calyx 15 lin. long; segments ovate, obtuse, subequal or the posticous much smaller and deflexed. Corolla-tube 2} in. long, 14 lin. wide below, 34% lin. wide near the mouth, sparingly pubescent within near the base ; spur very slender, 1-14 in. long, recurved; limb 1? in. across; lobes obovate-orbicular, 7-9 lin. broad. Posticous filaments 3 lin. long.—Stapf in Engl. & Prantl, Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 262. Mozamb. Dist. German Hast Africa: Kilimanjaro, Sinith ! >, S. Erlangeri, Hngl. Jahrb. xxxii. 113. A small tree, 15 ft- high ; branches glaucous when young ; spines about 5 lin. long, up to 23 lin. thick at the base. Leaves obovate, obtuse or subemarginate, 12 in. long, 14 in. broad, thick, rigid, densely mealy-glandular, loosely and prominently reticulate below ; petiole 24-34 lin. long. Bracts long hairy, lower ovate, 14 lin. long, 1 lin. broad; bracteoles spathulate, up to 24 lin. long; pedicels stout. Calyx over 1 lin. long; segments ovate, obtuse. Corolla pale pink; tube 24 in. long, 2 lin. wide at the middle, slightly widened and long-hairy above; spur 1% in. long, 1 lin. wide ; lobes broad-ovate, covered with short white hairs within, 7-10 lin. broad, 10 lin. long. Filaments almost entirely adnate; anthers 2 lin. long. Nile Land. Abyssinia: country of the Arussi Gallas; Wabi-Budugo, on dry wooded ground, Hllenbech, 1166. Imperfectly known species. 6. S. Rivee, Lingl. in Ann. Istit. Bot. Roma, vii. 30. A tree with terete glaucescent branches ; spines sparse, recurved or spreading, 5-8 lin. long, bearing a pair of shorter spines in their axils. Leaves and flowers unknown. Capsule elongate-oblong, suboblique, apiculate, 2-24 in. long, 8-10 lin. broad. Seeds very delicately winged, 2} lin. long and broad.—Engl. Jahrb. xxx. 114. Nile Land. Somaliland: Ogaden; near Karoul, Riva, 1089. Kngler suggests (Bot. Jahrb. xxxii. 114) that this may be the fruiting conditien of S. Erlangert. 12. SIGMATOSIPHON, Engl. Jahrb. xix. 150. : Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube very long, cylindrical, slightly widened towards the ends, S-shaped, densely hairy within up to the middle, symmetric and without a spur at the base; limb spreading, large obscurely 2-labiate ; lobes 5, ovate, obtuse. Stamens 4, subdidy- namous, inserted below the mouth of the corolla; anthers sagittate ; cells attached to the connective with their tips. Disc fused with the base of the ovary, equal all round. Ovary 2-celled; cells divided nearly to the apex by a spurious septum ; ovules many, 1-seriate in each 970 XCVII. PEDALINE (STAPF). | Segmatosiphon. cell. Fruit unknown.—Shrubs with a short trunk and long spinous branches. Foliage leaves in fascicles on arrested branchlets in the axils of the spines, deciduous. Flowers large yellow, in terminal racemes. Species 1, endemic. 1. S. Gurichii, “ngl. lc. 151. A shrub, 9-12 ft. high; spines about 5 lin. long; flowering branches slender. Leaves obovate-cuneate, 5 lin. long, 14—2 lin. broad, deciduous before flowering. Pedicels 3 lin. long, greyish-tomentose. Calyx greyish-tomentose ; segments triangular. Corolla greyish-tomentose at first, then glabrescent, yellow; tube 23 in. long, 2 lin. wide at the middle, 23-3 lin. wide near the base and the mouth ; lobes 7—8 lin. long, 5lin. broad. Anthers exserted, 2 lin. long. —Stapf in Engl. & Prantl, Natiirl. Pflanzenfam. iv. 3 B. 262. Lower Guinea. (German South-west Africa; Southern Kaoko, at Dawib Kurub and between Franzfontein and Chorichas, Giirich, 16. ADDENDA 5a. Prevostea insignis, ftendie. A shrub; leafy branchlets terete, bearing a brown pubescence. Leaves elliptic to elliptic-obovate, apex acuminate, subcoriaceous, glabrous, the midrib and 6 to 8 ascending secondary nerves conspicuous on the lower surface, up to about 6 in. long by 2} in. broad; petiole densely brown-pubescent, about 3 in. long. Inflorescence terminal, about 2 in. long in the fruit ; peduncie densely brown-pubescent ; fruits usually geminate in the axils of small densely pubescent foliaceous bracts ; pedicel $ in. or more long, bearing just below the middle a pair of membranous, narrowly obovate, glabrous bracteoles, about 4 in. long. Flowers absent; the two outer persistent membranous veined sepals suborbicular with rounded apex and reniform base, the outer larger reaching in the specimen 24 in. by 21 in. Fruit unripe, one-celled, one-seeded, apparently indehiscent. Upper Guinea. Liberia: Kakatown, Whyte ! Distinguished from the other species by its terminal inflorescence. 6a. S. togoense, Dammer in Schlechter, Vest-Afr. Kautschuk-Eaxped. 312, name only. Aclimbing shrub. Stem slender, twining, glabrous ; young branches pilose. Leaves vay broadly lanceolate, slightly ee: decurrent on the petiole, about 24in. long, 1} in. broad ; petiole }—} in. long. Cymes lateral, small, subumbellate : * peduncle pilose ; pedicels glabrous, slender, thickened towards the apex. Calyx cup-shaped, 5-toothed, 14 lin. in diam.; teeth broad, acute, less than a line long. Corolla 5-fid ; lobes recurved, linear-lanceolate, puberulous outside, 4 in. long, 1 lin. wide. Stamens 5; filaments very short, free ; anthers con- glutinate, 2 lin. long, pores terminal. Ovary conical, scarcely $ lin. long; style 4 in. long; stigma flat.—Engl. Jahrb. xxxviil. 59. Upper Guinea. Togo: amongst climbing shrubs near Badja, Schlechter, 12974, Allied to S. bifurewm, Hochst. sa. S. darassumense, Dammer in Hngl. Jahrb. xxxvill. 57. An unarmed shrub about 3 ft. high. Branches slender, elongate, terete, fur mine when young with very minute early deciduous hairs. Leaves ovate, 4-1 in. long, 1-3 in. wide, hairy when young like the branches ; petiole “slightly shorter than the biade. Flowers solitary ; pedicels slender, about } in. long, filiform, very minutely stellate-pilose. Calyx 4-partite ; lobes long triangular, acute, 14 lin. long, very minutely aye ADDENDA. stellate- Apulese, Corolla 4-partite, white ; lobes ovate-lanceolate, 35 lin. long, 13 lin. wide. Stamens 4 ; ‘flawments scarcely 4 lin. long ; ener 24 lin. long, } lin. wide, wc 2 apical pores. Ovary conical, scarcely 4 ‘lin, long ; ; style straight, 34 lin. long. Wile Land. Somaliland: frontier of Arussi-Galla, at Davassuras 3000 ft., Elenbeck, 2024. 20a. S. withaniifolium, Vammer in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 58. An unarmed shrub 3-6 ft, high. Branches very minutely stellate- pilose. Leaves lanceolate or ovate, obtuse, 2-3 in. long, 1-1# in. wide, very minutely stellate-pilose ; petiole about 1 in. long. Cymes terminal or extra- eoalleny, many-flowered ; peduncles } in. long, densely stellate- hairy ; pedicels 4 Zin. long, slender, nearly glabrous: Calyx campanulate, 1} lin. in diam., 5-fid, sparingly and very minutely stellate-hairy; lobes rotundate, Wiininate, 13 lin. long, 1 lin. wide. Corolla blue, scarcely plicate ; lobes 5, long laneeolate, 4 4 in. long, } in. wide, very minutely stellate-pilose outside towards the apex. “Stamens ); filaments very short; anthers unequal, four 24 lin. long, one 44 lin. long, curved. Ovary globose, } lin, in diam., nearly glabrous; style curved, glabrous, thickened near the apex, 4 in. long; stigma capitate. Berry 5 lin. in diam. Wile Land. Somaliland: Dadab, in dried up river beds, Ellenbechk, 166. 52a. S. Ellenbeckii, Damier in Hngl. Jahrb. xxxviil. 58. A small, very spiny herb. Branches sparingly stellate hairy, densely covered with straight straw-coloured very slightly laterally compressed spines +-} in. long. Leaves ovate or broadly lanceolate, sinuate, 2—3 in. long, 1—2 ia. wide, scabrid with stellate hairs on both surfaces, bearing straight straw-coloured spines $—5 lin. long on the nerves; petiole } in. long, stellately hairy and Se Cymes terminal; peduncle about | in. long, as well as the pedicels and calyx stellately hairy and spiny; pedicels about Jin. long. Calyx d-fid, angular; lobes 1 lin. long. Corolla rotate, plicate, Hla 2 in. in diam. ; - lobes 4 iin. long, din. wide, steilately 5? hairy outcide: Senin Die altnents 1 line long, SRAEnS o oval, about 14 lin. long, pores terminal. euaty globose, 4 lin. in diam., densely stellate hairy ; style sigmoid, 4 in. long, thickened towards the apex, stellately hairy below ; stigma capitate. Wile Land. Somaliland: amongst rocks at Hensa, 1300 ft., Hl/enbeck, 247. d7a. S. longestamineum, Dammer in Hngl. Jahrb. xxxviii, 58.. A spiny climbing shrub. Branches slender, elongate, when young stellately hairy ; spines recurved from a broad base, laterally compressed, about 1 lin. long. Leaves lanceolate, ovate or oblong, entire or slightly sinuate, acuminate, stellately pilose on both SUPE, sometimes spiny on the under side of the nerves ; ; petiole up to } in. long, stel- lately hairy and spiny. Cymes few-flowered, extra-axillary ; peduncle about 4 in. long, usually spiny, like the pedicels ; ealyx and corolla stellately hairy ; ee about + in. long. Calyx 5-partite; lobes obovate, long acuminate, } in. long, $ in. wide: Corolla lilac, scarcely ADDENDA. Das . plicate, 5-fid ; lobes } in. long, tin. wide. Stamens 5; filaments very short ; anthers 4 in. long, pores terminal. Ovary globose, } in. in diam., stellately hairy above ; style slightly curved, nearly 4 in. long, stellately hairy in the lower half; stigma capitate. Berry globose, 4 in. in dram. Nile Land. Galla Country : in woods at Dagage, Hllenbeck, 1000. 74a. S. Buettneri, Dammer in Engl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 59. A herb. Young branches densely stellate-hairy ; spines scattered, about 1 lin. long, slightly recurved, flattened, yellow. Leaves lanceolate or ovate, repand, oblique at the base, + in. long, about 21 in. wide, at first stel- lately hairy on both surfaces, at length almost glabrous above, ashy stellate-tomentose beneath, spiny; petiole }—-1} in. long, spiny. Cymes few-flowered ; flowers small; pedicels } in. long, stellately hairy. Calyx 5-fid ; lobes triangular-lanceolate, 1 lin. long, ? lin. wide, acute, densely stellate hairy outside. Corolla 5-fid; lobes } in. long, linear- lanceolate, acute, densely stellate hairy on the back and on the midribs inside, Stamens 5; filaments very short; anthers oblong, 1 lin. long, pores terminal. Ovary globose; style 15 lin. long; stigma globose. Berry globose, black, } in. in diam., seated on the accrescent calyx- lobes. Upper Guinea. Togo: Katamara Farm, Buettner, 655. 82a. S. dennekense, Dammer in KHngl. Jahrb. xxxviil. 57. A branched shrub. Branches spiny, densely stellate-tomentose ; spines laterally compressed, about + in. long, at first covered with stellate tomentum. Leaves broadly ovate, acute, densely and minutely stellate- tomentose on both sides, up to 24 in. long and 13 in. wide, with a few nearly straight spines; petiole nearly } in. long. Inflorescence a terminal few-flowered cyme ; peduncle 4 in. long; pedicels about } in. long, stellately tomentose. Calyx campanulate, angular, sometimes spiny, 5-fid, stellate-tomentose outside, + in. long, about } in. in diam. ; lobes lanceolate, acute, 1} lin. long, about 1 lin. wide. Corolla pale violet, scarcely plicate, 5-partite; lobes long lanceolate, minutely stel- late-pilose outside, $in. long, } in. wide. Stamens 5; filaments very short; anthers with 2 apical pores, $ in. long. Ovary giobose, 14 lin. long, densely stellate-pilose ; style straight, x In. long, stellate-pilose from the base to the middle; stigma lateral, 2-lobed. Wile Land. Galla Country: Arussi-Galla, 4900 ft., Hilenbeck, 1965. 92a. S. sapiaceum, Dammer in Hngl. Jahrb. xxxviii. 60. A large much-branched shrub, up to 26 ft. high. Younger branches densely leafy, pale yellow, thinly covered with very minute white stellate hairs intermixed with longer ones ; some spines curved, flattened at the base, stellate-hairy in the lower half and up to } in. long, others straight from a thickened globose base, scarcely flattened. Leaves ovate-cordate, undulate, sinuate, 2-4 in. long, 1-21 in. wide, with very minute stellate hairs above, densely white-tomentose beneath; lobes 3-4 on each side, the lowest the smaliest, acute; petiole ? in. long, sometimes spiny. 574 ADDENDA. Cyme racemose, few-flowered; peduncle short, stellately tomentose. Calyx cupular, nearly } in. in diam., 5-ribbed, 5-fid, stellately tomentose spiny; lobes oval, mucronate. Corolla white or violet, rotate, plicate, 1 in. in diam. ; Neves 5, reflexed, + in. long, 14 lin. wide, triangular, densely stellate-tomentose on the back and stellate- pilose on the midrib on the upper side. Stamens 5; illeninerae very short ; anthers } in. long. Ovary conical, densely stellate- -pilose, + lin. long ; style straight, gla- brous. Mozamb. Dist. German Kast Africa: Usambara; Kwai, 5000 ft., Albers, 247; Matengo Highlands ; Kwa Djimula, Busse, 917. 1. Utricularia transrugosa, Stapf. Add: Stolons finely fili- form, creeping in moss and among dwarf herbs, forming small matted tufts ; rhizoids numerous, from the base of the scapes, 3 lin. long. Leaves one at the base of the scape and others scattered on the stolons, persistent or decayed at the time of flowering ; blades spathulate, gradu- ally narrowed into the slender petiole, 2— 21 lin. long, 4—#? lin. broad ; petiole up to 5 lin. long. Pitchers from the stolons and sometimes from the leaves (particularly the petioles), globose or pear-shaped, up to 3 lin. long, stalk almost as long as the pitcher, mouth distinctly 2-lipped, lips fimbriate ; lower lip shorter than the upper. Capsule globose, 14 lin. long ; seeds (immature) hemispheric or hemi-ellipsoid, top with an entire margin. Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Matopo Hills, Wiss Gibbs, 50! 5. Utricularia Kirkii, Stapf. Add: Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Livingstone Island and rain forest at the Victoria Falls, Miss Gibbs, 176! 8. Utricularia Welwitschii, Oliver. Read: Anthers about } lin.long. Add: Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Matopo Hills, Miss Gibbs, 214! 9. Utricularia firmula, Welw. ex Oliver. Add: Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Matopo Hills, Miss Gibbs, 172! 173! 15a. Utricularia Gibbsize, Stapf. A delicate, terrestrial annual. Stolons creeping filiform or developed as rhizoids with very short, minutely verrucose branches. Leaves in small rosettes of about 3 or scattered along the stolons; blades very narrow, linear or linear-spathu- late, obtuse, 1-3 lin. long, 4-} lin. broad; petiole 14-2} lin. long. Pitchers on the stolons and petioles, inverted with the mouth near the short stalk, globose, ;°, lin. diam. ; upper lip divided to the base into 2 horn-like tentacles curved over the orifice ; lower lip 0. Scape sub- epee twining up to 4 in. high; scales ovate, acutely acuminate, up + lin. long. Flowers 6-1, rather close or remote ; bracts resembling ae scales ; bracteoles subulate- lanceolate, half as long as the bracts: pedicel filiform, about 3-1 lin. long, with two narrow, gradually widen. ing wings near the tip. Sepals subequal, ovate, very acutely acuminate, ADDENDA. 575 1} lin. long. Corolla yeliow, up to 3 lin. long (from the tip of the upper lip to the end of the spur); upper lip broad-oblong, emarginate, somewhat shorter than the upper sepal ; lower lip spreading rotundate- quadrate, entire, not quite 1 lin. long , palate orange-coloured, flat, edge of the yee aneriilh eciliate ; spur conic! rather slender iron a Threnadl base, 1{-1} lin. long. Anthers not quite 4 lin. long; pollen with 4 slits ee very minute pores; filaments up to 4 lin. long, linear, not winged. Stigma subsessile; upper lip obscure; lower very broad and short. Capsule and seeds unknown. Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Livingstone Island and rain forest at the Victoria Falls, Wiss Gibbs, 177 ! Very similar to U. tortilis, Welw., but distinguished by the very acutely acumi- nate bracts and sepals, the winged tips of the pedicels and the narrower upper corolla-lip. 35. Utricularia exoleta, & br. Add: Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Livingstone Island and rain forest at the Victoria Falls, Wiss Gibbs, 174 ! 1. Genlisea africana, Oliver. Add: Mozamb. Dist. Rhodesia: Livingstone Island and rain forest at the Victoria Falls, Miss Gibbs, 219! ERRATA Page 28, line 13, for Khrhetia read Lhretia », 116, ,, 17, ,, Rwenzori read Ruwenzori 32. 202, 5, Ol, , Hook read Hook np cay op oye 3, filimormis read filiformis a» or ~I cos | INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. The Synonyms and Species incidentally mentioned are printed in Italics. Page Page Page- Acanthonema . . . 502 | Ambulia Anticharis (continued) strigosum, /Zvol:. % 502 | — ceratophylloides, arabica, Lindl. . . 276. Achimenes Engl. & Gilg . . 318 arabica, Hochst. . 276 sesamoides, Vahl . 328 dasyantha, Engl. & aschersoniana, Alectrame. |. . 362 | Gilceeee 5 BIS Schinz. . » 278. abyssinica, A. Richt 460) gr atieloiies Baill. 319 ebracteata, Scnimen 277 asperrima, Benth. . 369) — tenera, Engl. & Gilg 317 glandulosa, Aschers. Oe atrosanguinea, Anarrhinum. . 292 var. intermedia, Hlemsl.. . . . 364) — abyssinicum, Taub. Mernaccssamer eed aurantiaca, Hemsl. . 370 | & Spacheyny |. .) 292 imbricata, Schinz . 278. Bainesii, Hemsl. . 365 arabicum, Jaub. & inflata, Jarl. & communis, Hemsl. . 372 Spachiemee . . 292 Engl ie ena: 278 cordata, Benth. . . 371 var. abyssini- linearis, Hochst. . 276. hippocrepandra, cum, Kngl. . 292 longifolia, Marl. & Hemsl. . . . . 367| fruticosum, Schimp. 292 fingl. ._. . 279: NSU tae ee SG orientale, Benth. . 292 Schimperi, Erdl. 5 AT indica, Benth. Pechuelii, O. Kze . 288 | Autirrhinum . . . 294 368, 371, 372 pedicellatum, 'T. apterum, Vatke. . 294 kilimandjarica, Andes 294 dentatwm, Poir, . . 286. Hemsl.. , . .365| veronicoides, O.Kze 287 heterophyllum, Kirkii, Hemsl. . . 366 Anchusa. . 54 Schousb. . . . 291 lancifolia, Hemsl. . 367 aftinis, 2. Br. 5d Orontium, L. . . 294 melampyroides, | asperrima, Del... . 56 var. abyssinicum, Benth. . . . .371| Magdalane, | Hochst) 2) = 9295. orobanchoides, | Schweint.. . . 35 pterospermum, A. Benth). =) 36a) MillempWalld. . . 55 Rich \e- wenn 290 parasitica, A. Rich 366 | ryssosperma, Steud. 55 sagittatwm, Pow; . 291 parasitica, A. Rich. 366) Aniseia . . . 88) Apwsimum . . . . 267 parvifolia, Schinz . 366 Afzelii, G. Don. . 101 angustifolium, parvifolia, Schinz . 281) calycina, Choisy. 148 Weber d& Schinz . 271 petitiana, A, Rich.. 460 fulvicaulis, Hochst. 144 arenarium, Hngl. . 270: picta, Hemsl. . . 368 hackeliana, Schinz . 146 decumbens, Hiern . 273. pumila, Benth. . . 366 hastata, Meissn. . 200 decumbens, Schinz . 272 rigida, Hemsl. . 369 martinicensis, depressum, senegalensis, Benth. 371 | Clisisy = =. > = 88 var. elongatum, trinervis, Hemsl. 370 var. aimbigua, Hiern: \ 5 ueeder virgata, Hemsl.. . 369 Hallet 19) 28s elongatum, Lngl. . 273. Vogelii, Benth.. . 368) medium, Choisy. .112| erzocephalum Welwitschii, uniflora, Choisy . . 88 var. pubescens, Hemslis SSB 364 | Anthadenia Diels . 273. Alkekengt sesamoides, Van glandulosum, Weber indicum glabrum, Houtte . . . » 559 cd Schinz . .. +. 26% Dill. . . . .248)| Anticharis . . . .275| Gossweileri, Skan . 270» VOL. IV.—SEC. 2 2P 578 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Aptosimum (continued) _ lineare, Marl. a: Engl. 5 op AAok) var. acaule, Weber . 269 var. angolense, Weber 7269 var. ciliatum, Weber . 269 molle, Shan . 5 Nelsii, Weber . 268 pubescens, Weber . 273 pumilum, Benth. . 268 scaberrimum, Schinz 270 Schinzii, Weber. eA suberosum, Weber . 272 Welwitschii, Hiern 271 Argyreia . . 200 abyssinica, Choisy . 154 arborea, Lour. 14 beraviensis, Baker . 201 Grantii, Baker 5 PAO Hanningtoni, Baker 182 laxiflora, Baker. . 200 macrocalyx, Baker . 182 multiflora, Baker . 202 populifolia var. ufricana, Oliv. . 201 Arnebia : Ys) hispidissima, DO. 56 purpurascens, Baker : Artanema . Cabree, De Wi ild. de: Doi longiflorum, Wettst. longifolium, Vatke . var. amplexicaule, Vatke sesamoides, Benth. . : var. amplexicaule, Skan . Astrochlena. annua, Rendle . . cephalantha, Hall. f. deJamereana, Rendle engleriana, Dammer floccosa, Hall. f. ‘Grantii, Rendle . hyoscyamoides, Hall. involuta, Rendle . Kessneri, Rendle Jachnosperma, Hall, f. malvacea, Hall. f. . var. epedunculata, Rendle var. parviflora, Rendle . 123 alae) 121 ~ 122 g eH Page | | Bellardia Astrochlena (continued) malvacea, Hall. f. . 123 melandrioides, Hall. fe cin teen ve eal ZO Phillipsize, Rendle . polycephala, Hall. f. solanacea, Hall. f. . 120 Stuhlmanni, /Zall. 7. 122 var. parviflora, Rendle . . 122 tubiflora, Hall. f. . 125 | ugandensis, Rendle 124 Wolkensii. Denner 120 Whytei, Rendle. . 124 Atropa aristata, Poir. . . 250 solanacea, L. 214 Aulaya obtusifolia, Benth. . 437 Bacopa alternifolia, Engl. . o calycina, Engl. . . 321 | 121 | 126 | Trixago, All. . . Benthamistella. . . 374 nigricans, O. Kze . 390 Bignonia : africana, Lam... 537 capensis, Thunb. 514 discolor, R. Br... 518 Ferdinandi, Welw. 516 glandulosa, Sch. & Thy, cere . . oa lanata, Steud. 518 tulipifera, Sch. & The 27k Se 29) BIGNONIACEE 512 Biovularia cymbantha, Kam. . 494 | Bonamia . 78 althoffiana, Dammer cymosa, Hall. f. . 79 minor, Hall. f. mossambicensis, Jeeta 5 6 o U9 floribunda, Wettst. . 322 Volkensii, Dammer 101 hamiltoniana, Bonnaya. . 2 845; Wettst. . - 323 pusilla, Oliv. 348 Monniera, Wettst. . 320 trichotoma, Oliv. 349 Monnieria, Engl. . 320 | Bopusia punctata, Engl... 323 scabra, Hiern . . 370 Bartsia . 458 | scabra, Presl . 370 abyssinica, Hata 460 | BoractneEa®. . . . 35 abyssinica, Hochst. 460 | Boraginella decurva, Hochst. . 462 africana, O. Kze 49 kilimandscharica, | ambacensis, O. Kze 46 engin 461 physaloides, O. Kze 46 Teeritlora, Hochst. . 461 | zeylanica, O. Kze 51 Mannii, Hemsl. 459 | Borago petitiana, Hemsl. . 460 africana, L. . 48 Purtschelleri, Engl. 461 verrucosa, Forsk. 48 rhinanthoides, | zeylanica, Burm. 51 Hochst. . 459 Borraginoides santolinefolia, aculeata, Moench 19 Benth. 462 africana, Hiern . 49 similis, Hemsl. 461 Medusa, Hiern . 45 Trixago, L. 459 physaloides, Hiern. 46 Batatas zeylanica, Hiern 51 abyssinica, Aa elegans, D. Dietr. . 409 trilobata, Skan . . 378 annuum, LZ. . . 251 ensifolia, Hngl. . 384 trinervia, Engl... 377 var. cor diform me, euphrasioides, Vahl 413 tuberosa, Shan . . 391 Sendtn.. . . 253 foliosa, Shan. . . 389 usuiensis, Oliv. . . 391 | var. ovoideum, Forbesii, D. Dietr. . 410 verbenoides, A/7. . 399 | Fing. » 252 fulgens, Engl. . . 392) Verdickii, Shan. . 388} baccatum, L. . 252 gesnerivides, Willd. 402 Welwitschii, Hngl.. 3886) conicuwm, Meyer. . 251 Henriquesii, Engl. . 396 | var. elata, Hiern 386 var. orientale, hermonthica, Del. . 408 Welwitschii | Olivaey eee De hispida, Buch.-Ham. 397 forma parviflora, conoides, Mill. . . 252 lumifusa, Vahl. , 416 Engl. & Gilg . 384| conoides, R.& S. . 251 humilis, Skan 379 Welwitschii, Engl. ..385 cordiforme, Jill. . 252 humpatensis, Hiern 393 | Buttonia. . 438 Fastigiatum, Bl... 251 inflata, Shan . . 390 Hildebrandtii, Eng gl 439 | frutescens, L. . 251 hingaensis, Bnei 392 natalensis, McKen . 439 | var. baccatum, Klingii, Engl. 413 Trish 20 tayo Lastii, Engl. . 392 | Calonyction. . . . 117 = meénimis siliquis, latibracteata, Skan. 385 acanthocarpum, Dodony eae D2 leptostachya, Benth, 394 Choisy =) > «= 167 Gp WCAG 6 5 . 258 580 Carolofritschia diandra, Engl. . Catophractes .. Alexandri, )). Don kolbeana, Harv. . Welwitschi, Seem. Celsia. . affinis, A. ‘Rich. INDEX OF Page o0Sd . 533 roo 533, . 533 . 280 . 284 arbuscula, 4. Mich. 283 brev Leer higl. . 285 floccosa, Benth... 288 ‘interrupta, Benth. . 282 var. pedunculosa, Vatke . 282 interrupta, Engl. . 284 var. pedunculosa, > Engl. . » .« 204 interrupta, Fresen. 281 parvifolia, Eng). 281, 366 pedunculosa, Steud. cd: Hochst. . . 282 var. pubescens, Skan . 282 scabrida,, Shan 284 ser ua ayo Engl, : 280 scrophulariefolia, Hochst. . . 284 sedgwickiana, Schpr. 283 tomentosa, Hochst. . 283 valerianeefolia, A. Rich. 282 Ceratotheca . 562 elliptica, Schinz. . 562 integribracteata, Engl. 563 integribracteata, Hiern’ . 562 lamifolia, Engl. . 564 melanosperma, Hochst. . 563 pterospermuit, R. Br : . 563 sesamoides, Endl. . 563 var. ay aka IOXOH 563 triloba, H. Mey. 564 Cestrum 255 jamaicense, Lam. . 255 vespertinum, l.. . 255 Cheenostoma . 299 burkeanum, Wettst. 308 canescens, Wettst. 303 corymbosum, Marl. & Engl. . 5 304 var. jiularurs Marl. & Engl. 305 croceum, Wettst. hereroense, Eng). Page Cheenostoma (continued) ANG . 009 - 802 heucherifolium, Diels 306 huitlanum, Diels 309 lyperivflorum, Wettst. . ‘ 305 lyperioiles, Hngl. . 310 mieranthum, Engl. . 303 pedicellatum, Engl. . 310 pedunculosum, Benth. . 301 Cistanche . 463 lutea, Hoffing. &Link 463 Cladostigma . 70 dioicum, Radlk. 71 hildebrandtioides, SEH 71 dioicum, Schinz . 72 Clerodendron glabrum, KE. Mey. 19 Codon . : : 1 Dregei, E. Mey. 2 Royeni, . 2 Schenckii, Schinz 2 Codonanthus africanus, G. Don . 82 alternifolia, Planch. 82 Coldenia . 28 angolensis, Welw. . 29 procumbens, L. 28 Columnea longifolia, L 328 CONVOLVULACE A 62 Convolvulus . 88 acicularis, Vatke 90 agrestis, Hall. f. 95 forma major’, Capua 95 albovenius, Lindl. . 185 angolensis, Baler 95 arabicus, Hochst. 94 arvensis, 0. . . . 97 asarifolius, Desr. . 172 Aschersoni, Engl. 96 bicolor, Vahl . 100 cairicus, L. 178 capituliferus, Franch. 5 OB var. filiformis, Franch. 93 var. suberectus, Franch. . 93 cirrhosus, R. Br. . 98 coeruleus, Sch. & Th. 87 commatophyllus, Sted sues 139 congestus, R. Br. 94 copticus, L. . 176 GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Convolvutus (continued) cordifolius, Thunb. 98 cymosus, R. & 8. . 80 Deserti, Hochst. & SECU. | 2) eRe: dissectus, Jacq. . . 104 diversifolius, Sch. & Thonn, . . 170 echioides, Hochst. . 154 farinosus, Z.. . . 98 fatmensis, Kunze . 98 iilipes, (Baltivt, eve noo flavus, Willd. . 114 glomeratus, Choisy. {4 var. abbreviata, IUGR a . 94 gonatodes, Steud. . 164 hadr amautieus, Baker . 110 hamphilahensis, erry ae ¢ 88 hastatus, Choisy . 96 Hildebrandtii, Vatke 91 hispidus, Vahl . 136 huillensis, Rendle . 97 hyoscyamoides, Vatke . so WWE Hystrix, Vahl. 90 incurvus, Sch. & Th. 172 involucellatus, id 4 Bs hentrocaulos, Steud. 103 Kilimandschazri, - Tingl.. su eno var. glabratus, likin if « 8 lasiospermus, Vis. . littoralis, L. ae littoralis, Vathe. . 92 malvaceus, Oliv. martinicensis, Jacq. 88 microphyllus, Choisy . . 92 microphyllus, Sieb.. 91 forma qlabrescens. MENG o o + il mucronatus, Engl.. 77 muricatus, L. 118 Ni, Uo. 160 ochraceus, Lindl. 166 (Gnothere, Vatke . 145 owariensis, Spreng. 116 paniculatus, L. . 189 parviflorus, Vahl ’ 87 penicellatus, A. Rich. 2) ieee pentaphyllus, L 109 perfoliatus, Sch. & Thonn. . . 150 Phillipsie, Baker . 121 INDEX OF Page Convolvulus (continued) pilosus, R. Br. . . 164 pluricaulis, Choisy . 91 pterygocaulos,Steud. 105 trichocalyx, Schum, 166 ulosepalus, Hall. f. 95 Wightii, Wall. 5 Uae Wordiay =.) - #46 abyssinica, R. Br. 8 var. acutifolia, ne SiC a eS africana, Lam.. . 14 aurantiaca, Baker 10 Bakeri, Britten . NZ chrysocarpa, Baker. 11 crenata, Del... 16 Dewevrei, De Wild. 6 IDUPS ao ea) Y * dioica, Bojer . pycnantha, Hochst. 86 quinqueflorus, Vahl 98 Randii, Rendle . . 94 rhyniospermus, Flochst. > «OB rotundifolius, Sch. & eihonn ieee eel 7/3) | Ruspolii, Hall. f. 90 | sagittatus var. abyssinica, SHCUE Wf 96 var. grandiflorus, sub-var. subcor- data, Hall. f. 95, 97 var. linearifolia, HCE We 97 var. macroglottis, Bakery, Geen 96 var.villosa Hall. f. 96 var. subcordata, Lathe jo 6 97 _ Schimperi, Engl. 99 ' Schweinfurthi, Engl. 98 scindicus, Boiss. 91 Senegambie,Spreng. 80 sericophyllus, 7 And. oo 90 siculus, A. Rich. 5 GB somalensis, Vatke . 110 spher ophorus, Baker. . . 92 Sprengelii, Choisy . 98 Steudneri, Engl. 97 subspathulatus, Vatke 92 tenuirostris, Steud. 143 Thomsoni, Baker . 96 Thonningii, Sch. & Thonn. . 6 laG) GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Page Cordia (continued) Craterostigma (con- domestica, Roth. . 14 tinued) Dusenii, Giirke . 10 Getzei, Higl. 332 Fischeri, Giirke . 10 hirsutum, S. Moore . 330 Gharaf, Ehrenb. 19 lanceolatum, Skan . 331 Geetzei, Hngl. 14 latibracteatum guineensis, Thoun.. 17 Skan o 80 6 ae) harara, Bech .. 9 linearifolium, Hngl. 332 Heudelotii, Buker 14 nanum Holstii, Giirke . 8 var. elatior, Oliv. 331 Irvingii, Baker 12 var. lanceolatum, var. "pilosa, Wright 13 Engl. 331 Trvingti, Baker . 12 plantagineum, Johnsoni, Baker 13 Hochst. . . 329 Kirkii, Baker 18 pumilum, Hochst. . 330 liebrechtsiana, De | Schweinfurthii, Wilda Dur. . 13 Engl. : 332 longipes, Baker . 11 Smithii, S. Moore .- 331 Mannii, C. H. Welwitschii, Hngl. . 333 Wright. . 15 | Crescentia Millen Baker 11 pinnata, ree 537 Myxa, L. . 14 | Cressa. UP Myxa, A. Rich. 16 arabica, Forsk. 76 oblongifolia,Hochst. 19 cretica, L. . 72 obovata, Baker 17 latifolia, T. Ink 76 odorata, Giirke . 12 | Cuscuta 202 officinalis, Lam. . 14 abyssinica, A. Rich. 203 ovalis, fi. Br. 15 arabica, [res. . 204 Pelida, Pers. 15 arabica, Wight. . 206 pilosissima, Baker , 18 blepharolepis, Welw. 205 platythyrsa, Baker. 12 brevistyla, A. Br. . 203 populifolia, Baker . 12 cassytoides, Nees . 206 quarensis, Giirke . 17 chinensis, Lam. . . 204 quercifolia, KI. . 17, 19 Epitribulum, Schinz 206 reticulata, Roth . 19 hyalina, Roth . . 205 Rothii, R. ab Sh 18 hyalina, Vatke . . 203 rubra, Hochst. 16 Kilimanjari, Oliv. . 205 Sebestena, Forsk. 14 ndorensis, Schwf. . 205 Sebestena, L. . 7 obtusiflora senegalensis, Juss. . 15 var. cordofana, var. Pelida, | Engelm.. . . 204 ue. . 15 var. eritreana, var. Pelida, Rendle . 204 Hochst. 17} planiflora, Ten. . 203 somaliensis, Baker. 18 | var. Holstii, speciosa, Willd. . 7 Rendle 203 stenoloba, Giirke 2) | var, mossameden- Stuhlmanni, Giirke. 16 | sis, Welw. . 203 subcordata, Lam. 10 Cyclocheilon . . 262 subopposita, DC. 19 | | Cycniopsis rae . 415 Warneckei, Giirke. 13 numifusa, Engl. . 416 Zedambe, Martelli. 15) minima, Engl. . 417 Cornus obtusifolia, Skan . 416 Gharaf, Forsk. 19 | Cycnium . + eee 0) sanguinea, Forsk. 19 | adoense, Bthe & Craterostigma 328) Elk. foe iene auriculifolium, Bth. | adonense, Hiern . 432 & Hk. f. 330 | var. adscendens, crassifolium, Engl. . 333 | Oliv... 432 Se (on) bo INDEX. OF GENERA AND SPECIES. | | Cynoglossum (con- tinued) ceeruleum var. Johnstoni, Bak. & Wr, cordifolium, Hochst. geometricum, Bak. ad Wr. hirsutum, Jacq. . Hochstetteri, Johnstoni, Baker lanceolatum, Wr... Mannii, Bak. & Wr. Mi CREn ET in, Desf. . platyphyllum, Klotzsch . . Rochelia, A. DC. Datura Asgypiia, Vesl. alba, Nees fastuosa, L. var. alba, C.B.Cl. fastuosa, Welw. guayaquilensis, H.b. d K inermis, Jacq. Metel, L. . Stramonium, /. Dicerocaryum sinuatum, Bojer. é | Diceros é longifolius, Pers. _ Dichondra repens, Lorst. var. serviced, Hiern. Diclis . ovata, Benth. . 5 petiolaris, Benth. sessilifolia, Die/s tenella, Hensl. viridis, Marl. | Didymocarpus kamerunensis, Lngl. Dintera 5 pterocaulis, Sta, pf. | Dipteropeltis poranoides, Hall. f. | Disandra Pag Cycnium (continued) adonense, #. Mey. . 431 ajugefolium, Engl. 426 | ajugifolium, Engl. . 426) Albersii, Engl. . 422 | aquaticum, Engl. 230 asperrimum, Engl. 424 brachycalyx, : Schuy if. 433 Bricchettii, Engl. . 435 _ Buchneri, Engl. . . 432 cameronianum, Eng]. : 423 Camporum, Engl. 432 Carvalhi, Engl. . 308 Carvathoi, Engl. . 308 Dewevrei, De Wild. & Dur. . . . 4383 var. minor, De Wild. & Dur. 433 Ellenbeckii, Engl. . 425 erectum, end. . . 434 Jfruticans, Engl... 435 gallense, Engl. . . 425 hamatum, Eugl. & Gilg. . 429 herz -feldianum, Engl. 426 forma Holstii, Engl. . 426 forma subauricu- lata, Engl. . . 426 Heuglinii, Engl. . 428 humifusum, Bth. & 15 Oras mean eye shoes lke longiflorum, EK. &. Z. 431 Meyeri- Johannis, Engl. 422, 426 | paucidentatum, Mae Se a 6 6 CU pratense, Engl, 410 questieauxianum, De Wild. 434 recurvum, Engl... . 421 serratum, Kngl.. . 429 var. paucidenta- tum, Engl. . . 428 sp., T. Thoms. 431 spicatum, Engl... 425 strictum, Engl. 411 suffruticosum, Engl. 423 tomentosum, Hngl. . 434 | tubulosum, Engl. . 429 Verdickii, De Wild. 432 veronicifolium, Engl... . 422 Volkensii, Engl. 425 Cynoglossum 51 abyssinicum, Hochst 53 amplifolium, Steud. 53 ceeruleum, Hochst. . 53 africana, L. . Discopodium penninervium, Hochst. . | Distemon angustifolius, Va the Forsle. lancifolium, Bak. & Page bo bo bo bo be bo Svgorw1 or Ovi O11 5, tail) 350 St St . 004 253 Ehrenb. & Hempr. Page Distemon (continued) campanularis, Ehrenb. & Hempr. 277 glandulosus, — Ehrenb. & Hempr. 277 Dolichandrone Hildebrandtii, Baker hirsuta, Baker . latifolia, Baker . tea stih, & isl, 2 obtusifolia, Baker platycalyx, Baker Smithii, Baker stenocarpa, Baker tomentosa, Benth. Dopatrium angolense, Skan . Dortmanna, S. wo UF OL GES Oc Or Or Or Or Or NWNMNRPNNNWN TP TH DO DOIN OL Go Moore 326, longidens, Skan. . 325 luteum, Hngl. . . 324 macranthum, Oliv. . 325 nanum, Scott-Hll. . 326. Schweinfurthii, Wettst. . 325 senegalense, Benth. 326 senegalense, T. Thoms. . 325 stachytar phetoides, Fingl. & Gilg. . 326 tricolor, Hngl. . 325 tricolor, Wettst. . 325 Doratanthera 275 linearis, Benth. . 276, Ducoudrea capensis, Bur. 514 Dunalia acaulis, R. Br. Echinochilon . 60 fruticosum, Desf. . 61 Echinospermum cynoglossoides, E. Me yitieen Whee Og leon Hochst. 52 paniculatum, E. Mey. 54- Echium 61 arenarium, Bint 62 longifolium, Del. . 62 Rauwolfii, Del. 61 Ebretia 5 1 abyssinica, R. Br... 23 acutifolia, Baker 15. amoena, Al. gs eo: angolensis, Baker . 23: Bakerii, Britt. 22 Braunii, Vatke 23. ceerulea, Giirke . 24 INDEX OF las] 2 og o Ehretia (continwed) cuneata, Wight. . cymosa, Thonn. divaricata, Baker Fischeri, Giirke . Geetzei, Giirke . gurkeana, De Wild. internodis, L’ Her. litoralis, Giirhe . . longistyla, De Wild. & Dur. macrophylla, Baker mossambicensis, Kl. nemoralis, Giirke . 22 lla ore orks) me 6) bo bo bO bo bo DO LO bo bo WS 0 He bO bo obovata, R. Br.. . 25 obtusifolia, Hochst. 25 petiolaris, Lam. . 21 rosea, Giirke . 24 scrobiculata, Hiern 26 Silvatica, Giirke . Stuhlmannii, Giirke 27 teitensis, Giirke. . 20 tetranda, Giirke . 22 triphylla, Hochst. 19 uhehensis, Giirhe . 27 Zenkeri, Giirhe . . 25 Epithema. 501 carnosum . 502 tenue, C.B. Cl. 502 thomense, Henrig. . 502 Erinus africanus, Sch. & Th. eee cee | tomentosus, Thunb. 306 Huphrasia aspera, Willd. . . 403 santolinefolia, H.B. ad) Ss eae 462 EKyvolvulus : 66 agrestis, Schwf. 95 alsinoides, /. 5 OY var.erectus,Schwf. 68 var. procumbens, Schwf. 68 var. strictus, Kl.. 67 azureus, Sch. & epee hy ere? ol Ez capensis, K. Mey. 77 dichondroides, Oliv. 68 emarginatus, Burm. Coe plaaulece a 113 fugacissinus, Hochst. . 5 Glechoma, Welw. . 114 hederaceus, Burm.f. 114 Wave, Schivize san al lintfolius, L. . 67 Haliciay 4). 3) SE 65 Page Falkia (continued) abyssinica, Engl. . 66 oblonga, Bernh. var. minor, Wright . . 65 oblonga, Hall. f. 66 Ferdinanda . . 516 Ferdinandia . . 516 magnifica, Seem. . 517 superba, Welw. . . 516 Ferdinandoa . 516 magnifica, Seem. . 517 superba, Seem. . . 516 Fernanda sa 9 wil Herdinandi, K. Schum. . . 516,517 Fernandi, K. Schum. . . 516 superba, Baill. . 516 Fernandoa . - O16 magnifica, Seem. . 517 Friedrichsthalia physaloides, Fenzl . 46 trichodesmoides, Bunge 49 Geulisea . me AO africana, Oliv. 497, 575 africana, Oliv. . . 498 hispidula, Stapf. . 498 subglabra, Stapf . 498 Gerardia dregeana, Hochst. 452 filiformis, Sch. & Thonn. . . . 458 obtusifolia, Benth. . 437 Sopubia, Benth. 447 tubulosa, Benth. 429 Gzrardianella 457 scopiformis, Kl... 457 Gerardiina . . . . 373 angolensis, Higl. B33 Gerardiopsis . 275 Fischeri, Engl. . . 276 Gerdaria. . 445 dregeana, Pres| 452 GESNERACEX 499 Ghikea . . . 440 spectabilis, Volk. Schuf. 440 var. denticu- lata, Engi. . 440 Glossostylis asperrima, Hochst. 369 cordata, Hochst. 571 parasitica, Hochst. 367 Graderia scabra, Benth. 370 speciosa, Rendle 440 GENERA AND SPECIES. Gratiola Monnieria, Li. Halleria . . abyssinica, Jaub, & Spach . . . 295. cTeniten, Thunb. 296. lucida, Z, . 295. var. B, L. . 296. Harpagophytum 547 Burchellii, Decne . 548 procumbens, DU. . 548 var. sublobatum, Engl. 548. Harveya . : 435. andongensis, Hiern 436 Buchwaldii, Engl. . 438. foliosa, Scharf. 438. huillensis, Hiern . 437 liebuschiana, Engl. 437 macrantha, Engl. & Gilg . 436. obtusifolia, Vatke . 437 Thonneri, ‘De Mild. d: Dur. : meas versicolor, Hngi. 43 Heliophytum erosum, DC, z 38 indicum, DC. . 32 longiflor um, A. DC. 42 pterocarpum, DC. 35. Heliotropium : 30 abyssinicum, Vathe 41 egyptiacum, Lehm. 33: atricanum, Sch. & Th. 43. albohispidum, Baker 36 ambiguum, DC. . 37 anchusanthum, Elven 38 anisophyllum, IBN 6 6 5 4 Be apiculatum, Hi. Meyer Sah ase eee 4- arbainense, Fres. 36 arenarium, Vathke . 40 Baclei, DC. A 34 bicolor, Hochst. & Steud. 41 brocchianum, Vis. 34 calcareum, Vatke . 39 cinerascens, Steud. 39. cinereum, RK. Br. 3 cordofanum, Hochst. & Steud, Al coromandelianum, Raddi 37 coromandelianum, Retz! 2)... ears3 4: 584 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES, : Page Page Page Heliotropium (con- ~ | Heliotropium (con- Hydrolea. . 2 tinued) tinued) floribunda, Kotschy y var. obovatum, supinum, L. 4) Be a Peyr. 5 IDO, 34 thymoides, Vatke 5 8) glabra, Banks . . 4 cressoides, Franch... 37 tubulosum, #. Mey. 38 glabra, Schum. & crispum, Desf.. 37 undulatum, Vahl . 37 hennt = eS -curassavicum, L. 35 undulatum, Vahl . 35 graminifolia, ‘A.W. var. zeylanicum, Vatkei, Baker . . 39 Benn. . . BO) Burma eee ol villosum, Willd. . 33 guineensis, Choisy 5 8 Deserti, Vatke . . 30 zeylanicum, Lam. . 31 macrosepala, A. W. dissimile, NV. #. Br. 42 | Hemigraphis . . . 262 Benne . ditrichum, Stocks . 36 | Hemiorchis sansibarica, Gilo 4 Eduardi, Martelli . 438 habessinica, Ehrenb. 312 zeylanica, ‘A. W. eriocarpum, Del. . 37 | Herpestis. . . . . 820 Benn. ; 3 erosum, Lehm. . . 38 africana, Steud. . 320 | HypropHytuAce® 1 europeum, 1... . 35 calycina, Benth. . 321 | Hydrocharis . . . 66 europeum, Speke . 33 crenata, Beauv. . 320} abyssinica, Hochst. 66 glomeratum, Zerr. . 43 decumbens, Fern. . 321 | Hyoscyamus. . . . 258 Gracie Bian nol floribunda, R. Br. . 322 grandiflorus, hirsutissimum, hamiltoniana, Hn ancl i neo S Vitis i ale, 8S Benth. . . . . 323] muticus, 1. 258 indicum, 2... . .« 32 Monneria, Dur. & Hypnoticum var. Petersii, Sch. : eines somniferum, Schweinf. . . 32 Monnieria, H. B. Rodrig sey) 1 il menecao katangense, Giiirke. 43 JS vee 320 Kunz, Lehm. . . 34 var. portulacea, Ilysanthes . . . 345 lignosum, Vathe . 40 Sims. . 220 andongensis, Hiern 349 longiflorum, Hochst. Thonningii, Benth. 321 andongensis, S. & Steud. . . . 41 | Heterophragma Moores eae nies to longifolium, Kl... 41 Ferdinand, Britten 517 Barteri, Skan ©. . 300 marifolium, Retz . 40 longipes, Baker. . 517 Bolusti, Hiern . . 348 var. Wallichii, Hewittia . . Be 8 HO conferta, Hiern. . 547 CAB IC ei 40 asarifolia, Kil aero graciiis, Skan . . 349 micranthum, Welw. 31 barbeyana, Chod. & nana, Hngl. . . . 347 niloticum, A. DC. . 3 oul 2 a eelO0 parviflora, Bth. . . 346 nubicum, Bunge . 37 bicolor, Wight . . 100 Plantaginella, 8. oliverianum, Schinz 38 juntos). 4 00 Moore) Ss en oA ophioglossum, Kilimandschari, pulchella, Skan . . 348 Stocks . . OO i5tell Eee ener 32) pusilla, Urb. 6 5 CHS ovalifolium, For. Hh, 5 xl sublobata, O. Kze . 100 reptans, Oh, 6 6 oh pallens, Deore ies 33 \\Heanicme... «5869 rotundifolia, Bih. . 346 paradoxum, Hildebrandtia . . . 68 Schweinfurthii, IWiatkeurrunte ttey ereioe africana, Vatke . . 69 SHU 6-6 . 350 persicum, Lam... . 37 obcordata, S. Moore 69 var. linearifolia, phyllosepalum, sepalosa, Rendle . 70 Engl... . 350 IROBOP 6 0 9 9 oe somalensis, Hngl. . 70 scenes Hiern 5 Be pterocarpum, undulata, 8. Moore. 69 trichotoma, Urb. . 549 Hochst. d& Steud. 35 | Hilsenbergia ugandensis, Shan . 348 pygmeum, Kl. . . 41 Ehretia, Tausch. . 21 Welwitschii, Be o Ble ramosissimum, Sieb, 37 rugosa,Dun.. . . 21{| Ipomea. . 128 rarifiorum, Stocks . 39 | Hippocrepistigma abyssinica, Schu f. 154 rariflorum, Stocks. 36] fruticosum, Deflers. 71 acanthocarpa, SENEIUS Cpl a ee Lal EOlubiameemme = 6 Oky Hochst... . . . 166 simile, Vatkhe . . 33 saccata, Oliv. . . 547 acetoswfolia, R. & S. 172 somalense, Vatke . 43 | Hyalocystis. . 5 1a acuminata, Baker . 143 Steudneri, Vatkhe . 42 viscosa, Hall. f. . . 115 acutiflora, A. Rich. 164 strigosum, Willd. . 41| Hydranthelium. . . 351 adenioides, Schinz . 195 stylosum, Franch. . 36 egense, Poepp. d: var. ovato-lanceo- subulatum, Hochst. 31 JH oo 8g Bel lata, Hall. f. . 196 INDEX OF GENERA AND | Ipomoea (continued) Page | Tpomeea (continued) adumbrata, Ltendle CeBbritte ue. L4d cegyptia, L. 109 atra, Choisy wlGo Afzelii, Choisy . 80, 101 | agrestis, Hochst. 95 albovenia. G Don . 184 | althofiana, Dammer 194 | amend, Benth... 153 amcena, Choisy. . Lid andongensis, Rendle & Britt. . . 14k angustifolia, Jacq. . 112 angustisecta, Eng). . 175 aquatica, Hors. . 170 var. heterophylla, Rendle ee sala arachnoidea, Boj. . 158 arachnosperma, Welw. . 162 arenicola, Rendle ad: Britt. 174 argentaurata, Hall. ifs 153 argyrophylia, Vatke 195 var. brevisepala, | Rendle o UDB | var. glabrescens, | IBID, to) 6 on) 1D | asarifolia, R. & 8S. 172 | asclepiadea, fall. 7. 167 | aspericaulis, Baker 178 | asperifolia, Hall. f.. 143 | Atherstonei, Baker 154 auricoma, A. Rich. 94 | auriculata, Hall. f. 149 Baclii, Choisy LS Bakeri, Britt. 5 fst Barteri, Buker . 169 var. cordifolia, Hall. f. . 168 var. stenophylla, Hall. f. 5g Ie) var. snbsericea, Hall. f. . 169 Batatas, Lam. 5 Gs | var. cannabina, Jee Tea 3 WG | Beludamba, R. & S. 172 benguelensis, Baker 101 beraviensis, Vaike . 201 biloba, Forsh. 9 ee bipinnatipartita, ID, G6 . 105 | blepharophylla, Jeter 6 og 1ebl var. cordata, Rendle 141 blepharosepala, Hochst. 148 bolusiana, Schinz 175 var. abbreviata, Hall. f. 175 var. elongata, Hall. | 175 Bona-nox, 10 5 LUE bonariensis, Hook. . 200 brassenriana, De Wild. 186 | britteniana, Rendle 167 Buchanani, Baker . 185 Buchneri, Peter 181 var. latifolia, Ela Sit 181 var. tomentosa, Halleieus 181 bullata, Oliv. 192 cairica, Sweet 178 var. indica, Hall. f. 179 calcarata, NV. 4. Br. 180 calophylla, Fenzl . 162 calycina, Benth.. . 148 ar. blepharose- pala, Capua. 148 var. cardiosepala, Capua . 148 var. neglecta, Capua 148 camerunensis, Taub. 190 capitata, Choisy. 86 cardiosepala, Hochst. 147 | carnosa, R. Br.. . 172 Carsoni, Baker . . 138 cephalantha, Baker. 99 cheetocaulos, Hall. f. 158 | chloreneura, Hall. f. 153 | chryseides, Ker. . 114 chrysocheetia, Hall.f. 156 chrysoides, Wight . 114 | chrysosperma, /all. | ieee) | -, - LOT | cicatricosa, Baker . 194 citrina, Hai. ipo 0 1B Clappertoni, R. Br. 171 coccinea, L. . . . 128 commatophylla, Alc Rich. 5 NEY) var.angustifolia, Oliv. . 1359 convelvulifolia, Hall. 1146 ponnelenloides, Sehninz.. . . 112 Convolvulus var. guineensis, Sey Cen 5 6 SS SPECIES. Page | Ipomcea (continued) coptica, R. & 8. . tele, 4 cordofana, Choisy coscinosperma, HHochst. . var. glabra, SC. hp. . var. Rich. coscinosperma, Hochst. crassipes, Hook.. var. Eat te var. ononoides, JalEWl te 6 var. sliirensis, Baker var. Jalal, yf I: var, minor, Rendle crinigera, Oliv. . | curtipes, Rendle cymbalaria, Fenzl . cynanchifolia, C. B. Cais dammavrana, dammeriana. De Wild. decora, Vatke & Hild. aro demissa, //all. ra denticulata, dichroa, Hochst. digitata, L. var. erlocarpa, Rendle . discolor, Baker . dissecta, Willd. . var. acuta, | Rendle . Rendle . Donaldsoni, var. pubicalyx, Hol ie | Eenii, Rendle . | Hlliottii, Baker . var. acutu, Choisy var. malvefolia, hirsuta, A. hewittioides, var. hirta, Hall, f. ukambensis, crepidiformis, Hall. Boral dasysperma, Jacq. Debeerstii, De Wild. dendroidea, Choisy . R. br. diplocaly.x, Baker . var malveefolia, Rendle 586 Ipomcea (continued) elythr eeepnals, Hall. f. . elytr veephala, Hall. f. INDEX OF Page 157 157 Emini, ierille . 185 éngleriana, pee 161 ennealoba, P. Beauv. 189 erlocarpa, 2. Br. . 136 erioleuca, Hall. f. . 160 ficifolia var. auriculata, Hall. f. . 161 var. laxiflora, Hall. f. . ay eriosperma, P. Beauv... 90 eurysepala, Hall. f 139 fastigiata, Sweet . 169 | fillicaulis, ‘Choisy alae a timbriosepala, Choisy 199 | floccosa, Vatke . 123 fragilis, Choisy . . 165 var.glabra,Hall.f. 165 var. pubescens, TiN i. . 165 fragrans, Boj. . . 187 | tulvicaulis, Hall. f. . 143 | var, depauperata, | Hall. f. . . 144] galactorrhoea, Hall. Bs ec ce ue sO OU garckeana, Vathke . 158 | geminiflora, Welw. . 136 Gerrardi, Hook. . 184 Ghikw, Schwf. & Molkes 3) Wenge 2hos Gilletii, De Wild. Wo Whites Gc 200 githaginea, Hochst. 160 var, inequalis, Beck . . 160 | glaberrima, Boj. . 190 | gnaphalosperma, Hochst. . 136 gossypina, Defl.. . 187 grandiflora, Lam. . 190 grandifiora, Gam. . 117 Giantii, Oliv. . 185 yar. palmati- pinnata, Hall. f. 185 guineensis, G. Don 86 | hackeliana, Hall. f. 146 halleriana, Britt. . 143 Hanningtoni, Baker 169 Hartmanni, Vatke . 198 hederacea, Jacq. . 159 var. inzqualis, Bak. & Rendle 160 lophanth a, Hall. f. GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Page | Ipomeea (continued) Ipomoea (continued) hellebarda Schwf. . 170 Lugardi, V. £. Br. 162 var. lapathifolia, var. parviflora, loll te So 6 168 Rendle. . . 163 var. sarcopoda, lukafuensis, De Wild. 184 leh Ts. 3 170 macrocalyx, Hall. f. 182 heterophylla, R. Br. 140 var. decalvata, heterosepala, Baker 149 Hall. f. 182 hewittioides, Hall. f. 144 | macropoda, Bojer . 86 hierniana, Rendle . 188 macrosiphon, Hall.f. 182 Hildebrandtii, Vatke 193 magnifica, Z/all. f. 181 hindeana, Rendle . 149 magnusiana, Schinz 162 hirsuticaulis, Mahoni, C. H. Wright . 5 6 GY Wright . o 0 Ie hispida, R. & 8. . 136 Marlothii, Engl. 196 Holubii, Baker . . 188 marmorata, Britt. & huillensis, Baker oe Rendle . 190 humifera, Rendle cd: megalochlamys, hitio. «sea 68 Baker . : 193 humilis, G. Don . 172 Mendesii, Welw. hypoxautha, Hall. f. 144 104, 178 Hystrix, Hall. f. . 174 micrantha, Hall. f. 166 incomta, Hall. f. . 194 var. glabrata, inconspicua, Baker . 165 Elalleepee 166 incurva,G. Don . 172 var. hispida, Hall. involucrata, Beauv. 150 f. 166 var. albiflora, microcephala, Hall. Welw. roll! Ree po! ho Las var, hisutior, mombassana, Vathke 148 Benth. . 150 Morsoni, Baker. . 140 var. operosa, Hall. multisecta, Welw. . 176 io Oe 151 muricata, Jacq... 118 kentrocarpa, mweroénsis, Baker 141 Hochst. . 163 Nil, Roth . . 160 (limandschari, nuda, Baker. . . 169 Dammer so UG nyikensis, Hall. f. . 196 Kirki, Britten . . 118 oblongata, Dammer 147 kituiensis, Vuthe . 196 obscura, Ker . . 164 Klotzschii, Dammer 169 var. abyssinica, kotschyana, /lochst. 139 Ifall. f. . 164 lachnosper ma, ochracea, G. Don . 166 Choisy . 119 ochracea, Hiern . 164 lanceolata, G. Don. 88 odontosepala, Baker 180 lapathitolia Hall. f. 168 (nother, Mall. f. 145 lapidosa, Vatke . . 190 oleracea, Welw. . 87 lasiophylla, //7all. f. 156 operosa, Wright . 151 leptocaulos, Hall. f. 140 Ee Lesteri, Baker 199 Hall. f. . . 164,166 leucantha, Webb 176 ovalifola, Choisy 87 lencanthemum, owariensis, Beauv. 116 fall. f. . 137 oxyphylla, Baker . 187 ligulata, Boj. . 136 palmata, Forsk. —. 178 lilacina, Bl. . . . 187 var. indica, Rendle 179 Lindleyi, Choisy 187 palmata, Kotschy linosepala, Hall. f. . 150 177, 180 littoralis, Boiss. . G2, palmatisecta, Boj. . 177 longipes, Engl. . . 165) paniculata, R. Br. . 189 longituba, Hall. if 91 yar. eriocarpa, O. . 159 | Kze . 190 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Page Tpomcea (continued) Tpomcea (continued) Ipomcea (continued) var. indivisa, quinquefolia, Hochst. 177 taborana, Dammer . lala, 3% 6 5 GeO var. albiflora, tambelensis, Baker. Papilio, Hall. f. . 167 | Hall. f. 5 Wes} tanganyikensis, Paulitschkei, Schiff. | var. pubescens, Baker Gaol Sere 142) | Baker ey eeelelO tenuirostris, Choisy pedata, Hochst. & var. purpurea, teretistigma, Choisy Siem, 5 5 oo kiya Tall. f. . . 178 var. setiferd, pentaphylla, Cav. . 181) radicans, Bert... 177 Choisy pentaphylla, Jacq. . 109 Randii, Rendle . . 146 tiliacea, Choisy . pentaphylla, Vatke. 110 | recta, De Wild. . 141) . trematosper ma, permutata, Hochst. 138 reniformts, Choisy . 113 | Hochst. : perringiana, | vrepundula, Baker . 116 tridentata, Roth Dammer . 200 repens, Lan. 172 tuberculata, Bot. Perrottetii, Choisy . 136 meptansskoins . . lif Regs. : Pes-Capre, Roth . 173 var. heterophylla, tuber eulata, R.&S forma arenaria, Hall. f. gilt tuberosa, Choisy Dammer . . 173 rhodesiana, Rendle. 188 tuberosa, L. Paes var. emarginata, riparia, G. Don . 187 Turpethum, R. Br. lalate eenelidid Rogeri, Choisy . 136 ukambensis, Vatke Pes-tigridis, .. . 158) rugosa, Choisy . 172 uliginosa, Welw. . var. africana, rumicifolia, Choisy 136 umbellata,G. Mey. . late, eg 6 a tla) saceata, Hall. f. 180 uniflora, R.&S. . var. longibracteata, sagittata, Benth. 170 urbaniana, Hall. f. Watkeleo) = 95 159 var. diversifolia, urbica, Choisy var. strigosd, Choisy 170 vagans, Baker Ela Sta eee Lo sagittifolia, Ker. . 170 velutipes, Welw. petersiana, Kl. . . 105 saltiana, Rendle 164 verbascoidea, Choisy ‘pharbitiformis, scabra, Forsk. . 160 Verdichii, De Wild. Bakeries 6) 162 schirambensis, Hall. verticillata, Forsk. . phenicea, Roxb. . 128 fy) Saas. 186 vesiculosa, P. Beauv. phylloneura, Baker 200 schupangensis, Vogelii, Baker . . phyllosepala, Baker 101 Hall. f. 170 Wakefieldii, Baker pileata, Roxb, . . 151 Scotelli, Rendle. . 145 Welwitschii, Vatke pilosa, Sweet. . + 116i ecu Don 80 var. latifolia, pinnata, Hochst. . 113 Sellowti, Penny . . 200 Britcar polygonoides, senegalensis, Lam. . 178 whyteana, Rendle . Schwitesgg 6. |. 1388 Senegambie, Choisy 80 Wightii, Choisy . polytricha, Baker . 156 sesstliflora, Roth . 13 xanthophylla, populifolia, Hall. f. 201 setifera, Poir. . 199 Isle 5 6 6 porrecta, Fendle «& shirambensis, Buker 186 aiphosepala, Baker . IBS oo oe on 6g HEY shirensis, Baker 118 | zambesiaca, Baker . primuleflora, G. shirensis, Oliv. 189 zambesiaca, Britt. IDNs 95 6 6 5 OB shupangensis, Baker 170 —zebrina, Perr. pringsheimiana, simonsiana, Rendle 168 | LENE gg AES simplex Jacquemontia F ptismatosyphon, var. obtusisepala, capitata, G. Don Wai, 6 6 3.5 len) Rendle 174 var. pauciflora, -evar. Buchneri, sinuata, Ort. 104 | INC CE Bir IRR 5 > UB Smithii, Baker 200 ovalifolia, Hall. f. . var. Buchinger?, Spegitalieets - . . 156 paniculata, Hall. f, IBAhs Go «oo BIL spathulata, Fall. f 198 thomensis, Henrigq. Protea, Rendle d& spongiosa, Rendle . 106 wmbellata, Bojer IBF: 3 6 oo 0 UAB stellaris, Baker . . 179) Jamesbrittenia . pterygocaulos, stenosiphon, //all. f. 192 dissecta, O. Aze Choisy). 3 =) 105 stolonitera, Gmel. . 171 pulchella, Roth . . 177 Stuhlmannii, Kigelia LS pyramidalis, Hall. f. 193 Dammer . 187 abyssinica, A. Rich. Quamoclit, L. . . 128 sulphurea, Hochst. . 137 acutifolia, Hngl. . 288 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES, Page | Page | Page Kigelia (continued) Limosella (continued) | Lindernia (continued) wthiopica, Deesne . 538 | _ tenuifolia, Wolf. . 352 sessiliflora, Wettst. 341 var. abyssinica, |MEinariay een ime os stictantha, Skan . 339 Sprague. .,. 538 asparagoldes, Schw7. 291 | Stuhlmannii, Angl.. 344 ar. bornuensis, Bentii, Shan. . . 289) uvens, Hiern . . 343 Sprague . . 538 capillipes, Hochst. . 290 Vogelii, Shan . . 33 var. usambarica, | Elatine, Mill. . . 289 Whytei, Skan . . 340 Sprague. . . 538)| . gracilis, R. Br... . 291 | Linngwopsis .. . 512 cethiopica, Eng). 538 var, propingua, heckmanniana, Engl. 512 ethiopica, K. Sch. . 537 Benth, . . . 291 Lithospermum . . . 58 atricana, Benth. 536 hastata, R. Br.. . 290] arvense,Z. . . . 59 angolensis, Welw. . 535 | heterophylla, Steud, 291 heliotropioides, Klhotii, Sprague . 536 indecora, Franch. . 292 INNS Bd 5 o SU elliptica, Sprague . 534) macilenta, Decne . 291 | hispidissimum, Thbalie, De Wild . 537, ~— monomotapensis, | Lehm. . Ao OD impressa, Sprague . 535 Wests ”.. aiweee2co hispidum, Forsk. . 37 lanceolata, Sprague 534 wnubica, Shan. . . 290 leucophiaum, Moosa, Sprague . 536) patula, Baker . . 291 Schweinf... 40 pinnata, DC, . O37 Pechuelii, O. Kze . 288 lignosum, Schweinf, 40 var. tomentella, | propingua, R. Br. . 291 officinale, 2... . . 59 Sprague. . . 537 | sagittata, Hook. f.. 291 var. abyssinicum, foci, UGG Gl 5, 5 Bee somalensis, Vatke . 289 Wiles 6 6 6 8D pinnata, Oliv. . . 538 stenantha, Hranch . 292 Lobophyllum pinnata, Seem. . 536 | veronicoides, A. | tetrandrum, F. Kigelkeia | ley Gp 6, 6 ASE Muelle sano pinnata, Hiern . . 536 | Linariopsis . . . . 566 Lobostemon. . . . d9 Kudici- Valli, Rheede 114 _ prostrata, Welw. . 566) cryptocephalum, Lindenbergia. . .. 311 Balser’ ae we eG) + Lathrea abyssinica, Hochst. 312 lithospermoides, Phelipwa, L.. . . 463 | nigrescens, Vatke . 312 TURP 5 36 60 LENTIBULARIEX . . 468 imoutce, Alm. eile ols somalensis, Hr nin. 60 Lepistemon . . . . 115) — scutellarioides, Lycium . . . 253 africanum, Oliv. .:115 | WAlschers. -. euleoil2 arabicum, Schwf, 5 Bork lignosum, Dammer. 116) — sinaica, Benth. . . 312 arenicolum, Miers . 255 owariensis, Hall. f.. 116) stnaica, Vatke . . 313 capsulare,L. . . 4+ Lepistemonopis. . . 116 var. abyssinica, decumbens, Welw. . 254 Volkensii, Damme 116 Alm... . . . 313 | erythrceeum, Schwf. . 254 Lewrocline . . . . 60) virens, Vathe . . 313) europeum, T. lithospermotides, S. _Lindernia an Oat | Andersy 5) eh eee oe IMGONe arse 60 abyssinica, Engl. . 343 mediterranewm somalense, S . Moore 60 | bifolia, Shan. . . 343 | var.cinereum,Dun, 254 Limnophila . . . . 316, brevidens, Shan . 339 var. cinnamomenin, Barteri, Shan . . 317) debilis, Shan. . . 344 Dun... 254 ceratophylloides, | diffusa, MWettst. . . 338 var. leucocladwm, Siti 2 2 a | var. pedunculata, Dun mo dasyantha, Skan . 318 | Skan. . . . 388) persicum, Miers . 254 gratioloides, R. Br. 319 Dinteri, Schinz . . 344 | var. sevum, Vatke 254 var. nana, Skan . 319 | — insularis, Skan . . 342 | sp., Drege. . . . 214 sessiliflora, Bl. . . 318| Jlatibracteata, Engl. 334 Lyperia . . . . . 299 tenera, Skan. . . 317) _ lobelioides, Engl. . 340 | amplexicaulis, Limosella. . . . . 352| | montana, Hiern. . $41 Benth. . . . . 306 aquatica, D.. . .352| Newtonii, Hngl. . 340) atropurpurea, var. alismoides, nummularizefolia, Bentlie suse OCS AW lo (ky 858 Wetistuai.. . 41) | yibunkeana, Benth. . 308 var. tenuifolia, var. sessiflora, | canescens, Benth. . 303 Hool:. f. 3: Hiern. . . 341 corymbosa,N. B. Br. 304 capensis, *Z’hunb. rupestris, Hngl.. . 342) - crocea, Eckl.. , . 309 cerulea, Burch. . senegalensis, Hiern . 336 | elegantissima, MaAior, welsh ian) ew. | senegalensis, Shan . 339 Schinz . . _ 302 INDEX OF Page Lyperia (continued) glutinosa, Benth. . 306 grondifora, Galpin 308 micrantha, Kl. . 303 multifida, Benth. pedicellata, AU. . . 309 » 302 | Macrosiphon ' elongatus, Hochst. . +20 jistulosus, Hochst. . 420 | Manulea. . .. . 298 angolensis, Diels . 299 | Markhamia . . 622 acuminata, Jy. Schum... 524 Hildebrandt, Sprague . . . £26 infundibuliformis, K. Schum.. . 02 lanata, XA. Sch wm. . 52 lutea, A. Schum. . 52 lutea, K. Schum. . 52 paucifoliata, De Wild. 527 platycalyx, Sprague 525 pubernla, JV. Se hum. 523 sansibarica, Kx. Schum. . sessilis, Sprague var. brachyrhyncha, . 524 526 Sprague . 6 OY stenocarpa, K,. ISCHILTUN nn OZe tomentosa, Hiern . 526 tomentosa, JY. Schum. . . 528 * yar. gracilis, Sprague . 528 tomentosa, K. Schum.. . . 527 Verdickii, De Wild. 527 zanzibarica, K. Senin 6 6 oo o Gzil zanzibarica, A. elwm. «2 » & O23 Martynia longiflora, Royen . 549 zanguebarica, Lour. 565 Meisorrhena . . . 275 Melasma . : . 361 atrosanguineun, Hiern . 364 calycinum, Hemsi. . 362 cordatum, Engl. . 571 hippocrepandrum, Hiern 5 9 ahiyy indicum, Engl. 371, 372 var. monticolum, TBE 6 5 5 BIZ Page | Melasma (continued) indicum, Hiern . . 368 orobanchoides, Engl. : . 365 pictum, Hiern . 368 rhinanthoides, Benth. . 362 | rigidum, Hiern. . 369 | sessilifiorum, Hiern 372 Welwitschii, Hiern . 365 | Merremia .. . 101 alatipes, Damme 112 forma, angusti- folia, Dam- Meyer. 5 Jt) amrelophylla, Hall. iio 108 angustifolia, Hall. f. 111 var. alatipes, Rendle 112 var. ambiqua, Islallh 36 6 111 yar. pubescens, endlemeyn. = 112 bipinnatipartita, Jeo dis 0 (0 Owe convolvulacea, Dennst. emarginata, Hall. ip gall abatensis Hall f. Gregori, Rendle hastata, Hall. f. 112, hederacea, Hall. f. . kentrocaulos, Rendle var. pinnatifida, ING 15; 1 medium, Rendle. 104 . 114 113 110 lO 113 114 103 103 112 multisecta, Hall. f. 109 palmata, Hali. 7. . 108 pedata, Hall. f.. . 107 var. gracilis, Teall 1 oe LOY pentaphylla, //ail. fi 108 Pes-Draconis, HOU. 2, LOT pinnata, Hall. f. . 1138 pterygocaulos, /Zall. ‘3 var. chrysantha, - | . 105 De Wild. . . 105 var. tomentosa, Hall. f. Se l06 quercifolia, Hall. f. 106 somalensis, Hall. f. 109 spongiosa, "Rendle . 106 tridentata, all. f.. 111 tuberosa, fendle . 104 Turpethum, Rendle umbellata, Hall. f. . 102 106 Page | Merremia (continued) var. occidentalis, JEG ih 106: yar. orientalis, Fall. f. 106 verecunda, Rendle . 110 xanthophylla, Hall. : 5 Mall Micrargeria . » 457 Barteri, Shan 458 scopiformis, Mngl, . 457 GENERA AND SPECIES. Wim 56 6 6 o o & angustifolius, Hochst... 5 |e mpies gracilis, 2. Br... 310: strictus, Benth. . . 511 Mitranthus 337 latifolius, Hochst. . 341 triflorus, "Hochst. 341 Moniera 319 calycina, Hiern. 320 yar. Thonningii, Benth. 320° cuneifolia, Michx 20: decumbens, Shan . 321 floribunda, 7. Cooke 322 hamiltoniana, 7. Cooke we iene 5. occultans, Hiern . 322 pubescens, Shan 322) punctata, Skan . . 323 _ Monniera africana, Perss) 320: Muenteria lutea, Seem. . 525, 528 puber ula, Seem... 523. stenocarpa, Seem. 523, 524 tomentosa, Seem. 526. 526 zanzibarica, Seem. 524 Myosotis . 57 abyssinica, Boiss. & heute 58. eequinoctialis, Baker 58. arvensis, var. sylvatica, Rersee OS. graminifolia, var. trinervia, A.DC. . 58. hispida, var. bracteata, Hochst. . 5 et stricta, Hook.f.. . 58 sylvatica, //offm. 57 Nemesia. . . » 285 affinis, Benth. 6) 6 BS O90 Nemesia (continued) dentata, G. Don. linearis, var. denticulata, OmKze)": monomotapensis, Benth wee ts Nemia angolensis, Hiern Nephrophyllum . abyssinicum, A. Page . 286 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Pege Pedalium (continued) Physalis (continued) busseanum, Stapf . 540 tomentosa, Medic. . 248 Caillaudti, Del. & tomentosa, Thunb. . 249 Kotschy . 549 | Physaloides longiflorum, Decne . 549 somnifera, Moench . 249 microcarpum, Piptoclaina Decsne . . . 540} _ supina,G. Don . 37 Murex, /. . . 540 | Podranea. 515 muricatum, Salis. . 540 | Brycei, Sprague 515 Rogeria, Decne . . 549| Poilichia . 44 Fino. Blo 0 Ors africana, Medic. 48 Rich. 66 | Peliostomum . . . 274 zeylanica, F. Muell. 51 Neuropeltis . SO leucorrbizum, /. | LOE 5 5 6 297 acuminata, Benth. . 80 Mey. : 274 discolor, Schinz . . 297 velutina, Hall. f. 81 var. lineari- | Porana . 84 Newbouldia . 520 folium, Weber 274 = acuminata, Beauv. = Sil levis, Seem. 521 linearifolium, | densiflora, ‘Hall. jaa 8 pentandra, Seem.. 521 Schinz .. . 274) subrotundifolia, De Nicotiana. . . 259 Lugarda, NV. #. Br. 278 Nal Se 189 macrophylla, Pharbitis | Poskea* : 29 Spreng. . 259 Sragrans, Boj. . . 187) africana, Vathe - 29 rustica, J. 260 githaginea, Hochst. 160 | Pretrea 565 Tabacum, EO tras 3259 hederacea, Choisy . 16C artemisicefolia, Kl. . 565 var. macrophylla, hispida, A. Rich. 160 bojeriana, Decne 565 elma te e2 09 Nil, Choisy 160 ervocarpa, Decne . 565 purpurea, Asch. 160 Forbesvi, Decne 565 ‘Operculina : 101 | Phelipea loasefolia, Kl... 565 hentr oon iloenelalls f. 102 Brunneri, Webb 464 senecioides, Kl. . 56d tuberosa, Meissn. . 104 Hohenacheri, Reut. 466 zanguebarica, J. Turpethum, 8. lusitanica, Coss. 464 Gay . 565 Mianso (1% LO lutea, Dest. . 464 | Pretreothamnus 564 ‘OROBANCHACEA . 462! Muteli, Reut. . 466 rosaceus, Hngl. . . 565 ‘Orobanche . 464| pyramidalis, Reut. 468 | Prevostea. 81 cernua, Boiss . 467 ramosa, Harv. 466 africana, Benth. 5 6 cernua, Loefl. . 467 var. Muteli, Boiss. 466 alternifolia, Hall. f. 82 var. Desertorum, | ramosa, UC. Mey. 465 Cabre, De Wiid. c& Bech . . . 467 reuteriana, Reichb. 466 | Dur. a 88 curviflora, Viv... 467 senegalensis, Reut.. 464 campanulata, Ve interrupta, Pers. . 465 tinctoria, Walp. 464 SA0o 2 6 5 te) minor, Sutton . . 467 | Phelipanche Heudelotii, Hall. f. 3 Muteli, Schultz . . 466 Mutelii, Pomel . . 466 | var. minor, fendle 83 var. Promunturii, Physalis c 246 insignis, Rendle. . 571 Beck . . . 466 equata, Oliv.. 247 micrantha, Dammer 82 ar. typica, Beck 466 angulata, KR. Br. 247 mossambicensis, Kl. 79 ramosa, L Bg eats) angulata, L. 248 Poggei, Dammer 84. var. interrupta, arborescens, L. 249 Pseudosopubia . 440) Beck . 465 aristata, Ait. . . 250 ambigua, Jens. 443 Schultzit, burbadensis, Jacq.. 247 Delamerei, S. Moore 441 forma pa edulis, Sims . . 248 elata, Hemsl. . . 443 IB eCicumar. 467 incana, Hort. Par. . 248 = Hildebrandtii, Lngl. 442 tinctoria, Willd. | 464 minima, L. 247 kituiensis, “ngl. 442 tunetana, peruviana, L. 248 obtusifolia, Hngl. . 444 var. tacassea, pubescens, Drege 248 procumbens, Hemsl. 441 IHG 5 6 468 pubescens, J. 247 | Pterodiscus Regs Ou somnifera, L. 249 angustifolius, Engl. 545 PEDALINEE . . 538 var. communis, aurantiacus, Welw. 543 Pedauliophytum Nees . » 249 brasiliensis, Asch. busseanum, Engl, . 541 var. flexuosa, 543, 546 Pedalium. . . . 040 Nees... 249 Elliotii, Baker 542 og aN RI ir INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page | Page Pterodiscus (continued) Rhamphicarpa (con- Schweinfurthia . 293 Gayi, Decne. . 546 tinued) aptera, Vathe 294 heterophyllus, Stapf 546 tubulosa, Benth. . 428 pterosperma, A/. Br. 293 intermedius, Hngl. . 545 veronicefolia, Vathke 422 | Schwenkia. . 260 kellerianus, "Schinz . 543 Volkensii, Shan. . 425 americana, Hiern . 261 ngamicus, N. E. Br. 543 | Rhaphidophyllum . . 445 americana, L. . 260 Ruspolii, Lnyl. . 544) Rhizogum . . 530 var. angustifolia, saccatus, 8. Moore . 545 brevispinosum, 0. Schmidt . 261 somaliensis, Baker . 544 | Kee, . 531 hirta, AZ. . 261 speciosus, //ook. . 542 forma linifolium, Scopariayeameaaraae 254 speciosus, Oliv. . . 546 Sprague. 532 dulcis, Z. . B54 undulatus, Baker . 545 forma spinosum, ternata, Forsk. 35d Wellbyi, Stapf . . 544 Sprague . 532 | Scopolia Pyxidaria | brevispinum, K. Datora, Dun. . 258 diffusa, O. Kze. . 338 Scliume 531 mutica, Dun. . . 258 nummularifolia, O. linifolium, S. iNtcore 531 Scrophularia 296 Re vies 5 Bol obovatum, Burch. . 531 arguta, Sol. 5 6 296 senegalensis, O. Kze. 339 somalense, Hall. f. . 532 rostrata, Hochst. . 297 spinosum, Burch. . 531 | ScropHuLaRtaces , 261 Quamoclit . 127} trichotomum, Seddera ae ee coccinea, Moench . 128 | Burch. . 5 GB) arabica, Choisy . . 76 pheenicea, Choisy 128 zambesiacum, Baker 532 capensis, Hall. f. . 77 pinnata, Bojer . 128 | Rivea conglomerata, Hall. vulgaris, Choisy . 128 adenioides, Hall. f. 196 PrN Mist > RT) | argyr ophylla, Hall. hirsuta, Dammer . 74 Ramphicarpa 5 Ass humilis, Hal. f. 76 humilis, Hochst. 416 em Hall. f. 5 Ale intermedia, Hochst. Raphidophyllum . . 445 Hartmanni, Hall. f. 199 & Steud. s 74. ramosum, Hochst. . 449 hituiensis, Hall. f. latifolia, Hochst. dé simplex, Hochst. 451 196, 197 Steud. ; 75 Rhabdia . . . 5 OY nana, Hall. f. . 195 mucronata, Hall. f. ae lycioides, Mart. 28) pringsheimiana, | schizantha, /fall. f. 78 viminea, Dalz. 28 | Dammer 186 somalensis, Hall. f. 74 Rhamphicarpa rete 418 schirensis, Hall. f. . 189 spinescens, Peter ee ajugifolia, Skan. . 426) shirensis, Hall. f. . 189 suffruticosa, Hall..f. 77 Albersii, Shan . . 422 Sp Hallie . . 192 var. hirsutissima, angolensis, Lng. 421 stenosiphon, Hall. f. 192 JEG so 6 a WE aquatica, Shan . 429 tiliefolia virgata, Hochst. asperrima, Shan . 424 var. multiflora, Steud... 75 cameroniana, Oliv. . 423 Kl. £202 Welwitschii, Hall. f. 77 curviflora, Benth, . 429 urbaniana, Dammer 198 var. Bakeri, Hiern 78 Ellenbeckil, Shan . 424) Rettlera Sericostoma . . 56 fistulosa, Benth. 419 Mannii, Fritsch. . 503 albidum, Franch. 57 hamata, Shan 429 | Rogeria . . . 548 verrucosum, Beck . 57 herzfeldiana, Vathke 426 adenophylla, J. Gay y 549 | Sesamopteris var. subauricu- bigibbosa, Hngl. . 550 alata, DC... - 560 lata, Vatke. . 426 brasiliensis, J. Gay 546 pentaphylla, DC. 5 Il Heugiini, Hochst. . 427 longiflora, J. Gay . 549 radiaia, DC. . . 558 Jamesii, Skan . . 423 var. triloba, Eng]. 549 | Sesamothamnus longiflora, Benth. . 420 microcarpa, Kl... 540 benguellensis, Welw. 568 Meyeri, Schwf. . . 422 | Rotula busseanus, Hngl. . 567 Meyeri-Johannis, aquatica, Lour.. . 28 Erlangeri, Pele 09 Engl. . . . 421 Lugardii, V. £. Br. 568 montana, N. E. Br. 427 Saintpaulia . . . . 500 Rive, Engl. . . ~~ 569 multicaulis, Shan . 427 goetzeana, Engl. . 501 Smithii, Baker . . 568 recurva, Oliv. . . 420 tonantha, Hk. f- . 501} Sesamum. . > »,050 serrata, Kl. 429 ionantha, Wendl. . 500 alatum, Thonn. . . 559 spicata, Skan 425 kewensis, C. B. Cl. 501 angolense, Welw. . 555 suffruticosa, Skan . 422 pusilla, Hngl.. . . 501 angustifolium, Engl. 554 592 Sesamum (continued) angustifolium, Eng). antirrhinoides, UVa a Vc aoe Baumii, Stapr.. brasiliensc, Vell. calycinum, Buel. calycinum, Welw. capense, Buri. j. digitaloides, Dinteri, Schinz . edule, Hort. fatidum, Afz. . gracile, Endl. grandifloruim, Schinza sua: Heudelotii, Stapf. indicum, L. var. angustifoli um, Oliv. var. g7, andiflorum: Stapf. « var, eS Nt Hine leony Laninifolin Wild, Engl. lepidotum, Schinz Welw. ’ macranthum, Oliv. . var.angustifolium, Olivier en Marlothii, Lngl. mombanzense, De Wild. & Dur. occidentale, Regel & Heer. oleiferwin, Moench . orientale, I... pedalioides, Welw. pentaphyllum, E, WHA! ig pterospermun, R. IB ee eee cits radiatum, Schwi. . repens, Engl. & Gilg rigidum, Peyr. . var. Stapf oe rostratur, Schenckii, Asch. schinzianum, schinzianum, & Gilg . Thonneri, De Wild. Ge IDR, 5 | triphyllum, Welw. Shutereia. . bicolor, Choisy . Sibthorpia Seyi ie africana, L.. . digitaloides, Hochst. Asch. Engl. INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page | 9 o on He OO Sibthorpia (continued) europea var. africana, FTool:. f. . var. glabra, Shan Sigmatosiphon . .. Gurichii, Lng. Simbuleta arabica, Forsk. . . yar. abyssinica, Weikes) ee orientalis, Wettst. . Pechuelii, O. Kze . ver onicoides, O. Kze Simstmum rostratum. Bernh. . SOLANACE®... 2° 55 Solanum abyssinicum, Jacq. : acanthocalyx, A/. aculeastrum, Dun. . aculeatissimum, Jacq. . 5 adoénse, Hochst. wthiopic wm, Jacq. . zthiopicum, L. africanum, Daun. ageregatum, Jacy. . alatum, Moench . albicaule, Kotschy . albifolium, Wright . albotomentosum, AWWovoht.: lee anomalum, Thonn. antidotum, Dammer argenteum, Heyne . astrochlenoides, Dammer bathocladon, Dammer Baumii, Dammer bendirianum, Schimp. . . benguelense, Wawra de LEAT hifurcatum, A. Rich. bifurcum, Hochst. Bojeri, Dun. . var. sinuato- repandum, Dun. 2 Buettneri, Dammer 5 campanuliflorum, Wright... . campylacanthum, EOCHStay). 1. carense, Dun. . . Carvalhoi, Dammer catombelense, FETS id gd adi Page 23 219 233 222 Page Solanum (continued) cerasiferum, Dun. . 241 var. cinereo- tomentosum, Dun. . 242 chrysotrichum, Wright) Suan 3o ciliatum, Lam. 228 coagulans, Forsk. . 238 var. yriseum, Dun. 23 congense, Link 245 Crepini, Van Heurchk 245, darassumense, Dammer . . 571 dasyphyllum, TOM 3c 244 delagoense, Dun. 215 dennekense, Damme: ons distichum, Thonn. . 223 dubium, Hres. . . 235 var. aculeatum, Dun. . 3 6 AES var. longipetio- latum, Dun. 236; var. subinerme, Dun. . Ste PRS duplosinuatum, AZ. 243 var. semiglabrum, Wright. . 244 edule, Sch. & Th. . 242 Ellenbeckii, Dammer. 5/2 englerianum, Damier 237 erythrocaurpon, Meyer 219 esculentum, Drege . 238: esculentum, Dun. 242 var. imerme, Dun, 242 Farini, Dammer 244 farinosum, Wall. . 229 ferrugineum, Jacq. 232 Fischeri, Dammer . 236 geminifolium, SUNOS 5 6 8. 0 PRB giganteum, Jacq. . 229 glochidiatum, Dammer 230 Geetzei, Dammer . 218 gracilipes; Decsne . 228 grossedentatum, A. Is gg oo AY) guincense, Lam... 218 hastifolium, Hochst. 226 Heudelotii, Dun. . 224 Hildebrandtii, 4 Br. & Bouché . 245 hirtulum, Steud. . 220 hybridum, Jacq. . 241 Solanum (continued) incanum, L, inconstans, Wright . INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page | | | MACHA, Les 6 Noe BY var. micranthun, Gok tment. 292 Jacquemonti, Dun... 228 Kilimandschari, Dammer 244 kitivuense, Dammer 243 kwebense, .V. £. Br. 225 longestamineum, Dammer - 572 Lujei, De Wild. & Dur. . 2 203 lykipiense, Wright . . 220 macilentum, 4. uiChae ye 245 macracanthum, A. Cl mann, oD D macrocarpon, L. . 214 magnusianum, Dammer . . . 240 Manni, Wright 232 | var. compactum, Wire hte ss. 232 marginatum, LZ. f. . 235 melastomoides, agit eee 22.0))| Melongena, C. B. Cl. 238 | Melongena, L. . . 242 | var. Sineeme! Hiern . 242 miniatum, Bernh, . 219 monotanthum, Dammer . = 221 Monteiroi, Wright . 216 monticolum, Dun. 2140 Mors-elephantum, | Dammann . . 214 mossambicense, Al. 222 | myriacanthum, 1G 5 on oe rn 2S) I nakurense, Wright . 219 Naumanni, ene . 216 nigrum, Te é . 218 | var. quineense, L. 218 var. rubrum, | Watke 9: -)../219 | var. villosum, L. 219 niveum, All, . . . 235 niveum, Thunb.. . 229 | nodifloram, Jacg. . 218 | obliquum, Dammer. 236 | pachycalyx, Van Heurck . eee zoo pandureeforme, L. THAT . 214 | pauperum, Wrig hit. 217 | VOL, IV.—SEC, 2 Page Solanum (continwed) pharmacum, Klotzsch = 230 phoricum, Al, . . 239 phytolaccoides, Wright). 3 ven 203 piperiferum, 4. Rich. 228 plebeium, A. Rich. . 219 polyanthemum, JEOELS 6B 9 5 ER pruinosum, var. pilosulum, Dun.. 245 pseudospinosum, Wright . 220 psilostylum, Dammer 215 Reichenbachii, Vater. (5 223 Renschii, Vathke. . 229 retroflexum, Dun. . 219 rigescens, Jucg. . . 227 Rohrii, Wright . . 231 vubetorum, Dun. . 227 rubrum, Mill. . . 219 runsoriense, Wri lit 212 sanctum, is : 238 sapiaceum, Dammer 573 saponaceum, Welw. 224 scalare, Wright. . 224 schimperianum, Hochstaege «221 schumannianum, Dammer . . . 234 scindicum, Prain 226 senegambicum, DU... 222 setaceum, Dammer 245 sodomeum, Drége . 243 somalense, Franch. 212 stipitato-stellatum, Dammers . . . 227 stramonifolium, Roxba a). 9. - 2 232 Stuhlmannii, Dammer . . . 216 suaveolens, Boj.. . 241 subexarmatum, Dun. 23 subulatum, Wright. 221 suffruticosum, Schousb. . 219 symphystemon, De Wild. & Dur... 212 taitense, Vuthe . . 226 teitense, "Dammer . 224 tettense, UP sts 2 texanum, Dun. . . 217 Thomsoni, Wright . 217 thonningianwm,Jacq. 216 Thruppii, IPright . 234 trepidans, Wright . 2 trilobatum, L. . . 22 umbrosum, Vahl . 2 593 Page Solanum (continued) tinctorium, Welw. . 218 togoense, Dammer 246, 571 tomentellum, Al, . 237 torvum, Sw. . . . 231 var. compactum, Wright . . . 232 uncinatum, &. Br.. 246 unguiculatum, A. ic ae 231 urbanianum, Dammer . . . 236 usaramense, Dammer . . 246 vagans, Wright . 229 verbascifolium, L. . 221 vesicarium vir- ginianum, Moris. 247 villosum, Mill. . 219 violaceum, Jacq. 232 Volkensii, var. oblongum, Wright. . : var. strictum, Wright . 9. .: withaniifolium, Dammer . . . xanthocarpum, var. Schraderi, Duna zanzibarense, Vathe 2 Sopubiays) -anameene angolensis, Lng. argentea, Hiern, Buchneri, Zngl. . Candei, Terr. . cana, Hien. . . Carsoni, Shan . . conferta, S. Moore . decumbens, Hiern 447, densiflora, Skan . dregeana, Benth. . var. tenuifolia, Engl. & Gilg . dregeana, Benth. . Kenii, S. Moore. . Emini, Hngl. . . filijormis, G. Don , fileoformis, Hiern. Hildebrandtii, Matke 9. wager karaguensis, Oliv. . kituiensts, Vatke , 29 Dammer 2 Welwitschii, Wright : ag4 tulipifera, G. Don . zanzibarica, Boj. Spiranthera pentaphylla, Bojer . Turpethum, Bojer . Page Sopubia (continued) lanata, Bngl. . 454 var. angustifolia, Engl. . . . 454 latifolia, Hingl. 449 leprosa, S. Moore . 453 Mannii, Shan 450 Monteiroi, Skan. . 454 obtusifolia, G. Don , 437 parviflora, Zngl. 4f2 ramosa, Hochst. A419 scopiformis, Vatke . 458 similis, Skan. 447 simplex, Hiern 451 simplex, Hochst. 450 trifida, Buch.-Ham. 446 var. decumbens, Shan... |. 447 forma humilis, Engl. . 452 var. madagas- cariensis, Hk. f. 450 var. ramosa, Engl. . . . 449 ugandensis, S. Moore . . . 455 Welwitschii , Engl. . 448 var. micrantha, Engl. . 448 Sotor wthiopum, Fenzl . 53 Spathodea M28 acuminata, Kl. . . 524 adenantha, G. Don 521 campanulata, BCOMI a unis 529 campanulata, §. Moore ... 530 danckelmaniana, Biittn. : . 529 Jenischii, Sond. . . 521 levis, Beauv. 5 bya levis, Planch. 5 Syl levis, T. Thoms. . 518 lutea, Benth. « 525 nilotica, Seem. . . 529 pentandra, Hook. . 521 puberula, KI. . 523 sp., Oliv. . - 518 sp., T. Thoms. . 530 speciosa, Brongn. . 521 stenocarpa, Welw. . 523 tenuifolia, Boj. 524 tomentosa, Benth. . 528 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Page Sporledera Streptocarpus, (con- - krausseana, Bernh. 564 tinued) triloba, Benth. 564 benguelensis, C. B.Cl. 506 Staurogyne . 262 Bachanant C. B. Cl. 510 Stellularia : 374 breviflos, C. B. Cl. 506 inflata, De Wild. | 391 caulescens, C. B. Cl. 510 migrescens, Benth. . 390 caulescens, Hk. f. . 508 nigrescens, Hiern . 390 var. pallescens, nigricans, Benth. . 390 Engl. . 508 Stemodia . 313 caulescens, Vatke . 507 cer atophylloides, K Cooperi, C. B. Cl. . 506 Schum. . » dlls elongata, Hngl. . 509 senegalensis, Desf. . 314 glandulosissima, serrata, Benth. 314 Engl. te 509 tenera, K. Schum. . 317 hirtinervis, C. B. Cl. 507 Stemodiacra Holstii, Engl. . 508 ceratophylloides, katangensis, De Hiern se 38 Wild. & Dur. . 506 sessilifiora, Hiern . 318 Kirkii, Hk. f. . 509 tenera, Hiern 317 lagosensis, VC. B. Cl. 511 Stemodiopsis » 314 Mahoni, Hk. f. . . 505 Buchanani, Skan . 315 monophylla, Welw. . 506 humilis, Shan . 316 montana, Oliv. . . 507 Rive, Hngl. . 315 nobilis, C. B. Cl. . 511 Stereospermum 517 pallidiflora, C. B. Cl. 508 acuminatissimum, parviflora, EK. Mey. 507 K. Schum. . 519 rivularis, Hngl.. . 508 Arguezana, A. Rich. 518 ruwenzoriensis, arnoldianum, De Baker . - 510 Wild. 518 Saunder sit bracteosum, K. var. breviflos, C. Schum. . 520 BS Cle atOOG cinereo-viride, K. Saxorum, Hing. 511 Schum. Bo. Bll} Smithii, C. 18, Ole o Bilal dentatum, A, Rich 518 sp., Oliv... . 510 discolor, K. Schum. 518 tubiflos, C. B. Ol. . 506 harmsianum, A. Volkensii, Engl. 510 Schum. , : 520| Striga . . o 6 BUH) integrifoliwm, A. aspera, Benth. 408 Rich. : 518 var. filiformis, katangensis, De Benth. . . 403 Wild. o20 var.Schweinfurthii, kunthianum, Cham. 518 Shan . £03 molle, K. Schum. . 518 Barteri, Engl. . 406 senegalense, Mig. . 518 Baumannii, Hngl. . 414 V ’erdickii, De Wild. 520 brachycalyx, Shan . 403 Zenkeri, K. Schum. 519 canescens, Hngl. . 406 Stictocardia coccinea, Benth. . 409 beraviensis, Hall. f. 201 Dewevrei, De Wild. laxiflora, Hall. f. . 201 SoDurye . 41t multiflora, Hall. f. 202 elegans, Benth.. . 408 Streblanthera euphrasioides, oleefolia, A. Rich. 47 Benth. . . 412 trichodesmoides, Forbesii, Benth. . 410 Steud. 49 gesneriordes, Vatke . 402 Streptocarpus Piers 504 glandulifera, Hingl.. 406 balsaminoides, ng gl. 509 hermonthica, Benth. 407 var. tenuifolia, hirsuta, Benth... . 409 Engl. . 510 var. humilis, Kl... 409 Striga (continued) var. perpusilla, A. INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES, Page Rich. 09 humifusa, Benth. . 416 humilis, Hochst. . 416 Klingii, Skan 413 latericea, Vathe 411 lutea, Zour. . . . 409 yar. bicolor, O. INF o 6 0, 0 Gay) var. coccinea, O. Kze . 409 micrantha, A. Rich. 404 orchidea, Hochst. . 402 orobanchoides, Benth... . . “@ 402 Passargei, Engl. 403 pubiflora, 7. 412 var. sansibarensis, Engl. . 412 pusilla, Hochst. 409 Rowlandii, Hngl. . 405 schimperiana, Hochst. 397 senegalensis, Benth. 408 senegalensis, T. Thoms. . 391 somaliensis, Skan . 411 strictissima, Skan . 407 Thunbergii, Benth. 404 var. grandiflora, Benth. . 405 var. grandiflora, Engl. . . . 4085 Thunbergti, A. Rich. 407 Warneckei, Engl. . 414 Welwitschii, Zngl. . 405 zangebarica, Kl. . 409 zanzibarica, Vatke. 412 Strigina . . 417 pusilla, Engl. . 417 Strobila hispidissima,G.Don 56 Sutera . 298, 299 amplexicaulis,Hiern 306 atropurpurea, Hiern 309 aurantiaca, Hiern . 302 blantyrensis, Skan. 304 burkeana, //iern . 308 canescens, Hiern . 303 Carvalhoi, Shan . 307 corymbosa, Hiern . 304 var. huillana, Hiern. - 305 dissecta, Walp. . . 298 dubia, Shan . - 3805 elegantissima, Skan 302 fissifolia, S. Moore . 303 glandulosa, Roth . 298 Sutera (continued) Gossweileri, Skan . Page 307 grandiflora, Hiern . 308 hereroensis, Shan . 301 heucherifolia, ier 306 huillana, Hiern. . 309 lyperizeflora, Skan . 305 Maxii, Hiern . 307 pedunculosa, O. Kze 301 serrata, Benth... . 314 tomentosa, Hiern . 305 Welwitschii, Shan. 304 Tancecium pinnatum, Willd. 537 Tecoma africana, G. Don . 537 Brycei, N. KE. Br. . 515 capensis, Lindl.. . 514 Nyassee, Oliv. 514 nyikensis, Baker . 515 shirensis, Baker 515 Whytei, Wright 515 Tecomaria . : . . 513 capensis, Spach. . 514 Krebsii, Kl... 514 Nyasse, A. Schum. 514 Petersii, Kl. . 514 schirensis, K.Schum. 515 shirensis, A. Schum. 515 Thunbergianthus . . 43 Quintasii, Higl. 439 A} hunbergiopsis - . 43 Tiaridium indicum, Lehm. : 32 Torenia . . . 334 afinis, De Wild. . 335 angolensis, Skan 335 auriculefolia, Dombr. . . 330 inequalifolia, Engl. 335 Mannii, Skan . . 336 nana, Benth. . . 331 parviflora, Bach.- Ham. . . 335 var. brevipedi- cellata, De Wild. 33 plantaginea, Benth. 329 pumila, Benth. . . 330 pumila, T. Thoms. . 329 ramosissima, Vatke 336 Schwein furthit, Oliv. 333 spicata, Hngl. 334 var. uhehensis, Engl. 335 Tournefortia 29 argentea, L. f. 29 stenoraca, Klotzsch . 32 Tournetortia (con- tinued) subulata, Hochst. zeylanica, Wight . Toxostigma . 0 luteum, A. Rich. purpurascens, A. Wiens 5 o 6 6 Trachystigma . . . Mannii, C. B. Cl. . 5 Trichodesma . . . africanum, #.Br. . ambacensis, Welw. . arenicola, Giirke Baumii, Giirke . . Bentii, Bak. & Wr. calathiforme, Hochst. dekindtianum, Giirke ae droogmansianum, De Wild. & Dur. glabrescens, Giirke . grandifolium, Baker heliocharis, S. Moore Hildebrandtii, Giirke 48 hispidum, Bak. & Wr. : kotschyanum, Fenzl lanceolatum, Schinz macrantherum, Gurkeyeeeie. Medusa, Baker . oleefolium, Baker . pauciflorum, Baker . physaloides, A. DC. Schimperi, Baker . stenosepalum, Baker zeylanicum, f. Br. Tripinnaria africana, Spreng. . Trixago apula, Stev.. . . Uncaria procumbens, Burch. Urbunia. . lypericeflora, Vatke Utricularia . ambigua, DC. andongensis, JV “el. Baumii, Kam. . benjaminiana, Kam. bryophila, Rid. cerulea, Oliv. charoidea, Stapf cucullata, Afz. cymbantha, Oliv. diantha, R. & S. diploglossa, Kam. 996 INDEX OF GENERA AND SPECIES. Page Utricularia (continued) diploglossa, Welw. . 494 elevata, Kam. . 476 var. Macowani, Kam. . 476 exilis, Kam. . . 476 var. Echlonii, ey, gh i6 jo. Sh var. hirsuta, Tey, 6) 6 476 exilis, Oliv. . 477 var. bryoides, Welw. 478 var. nenatoscapa, Eerie eee S exoleta, R. Br. 195, 575 firmula, Welw. 479, 574 foliosa, Wi . 491 Gibbsiee, Stapf . . O74 glochidiata, Wight. 486 hians, A.DC. . . 481 incerta, Kam. . . 496 inflata, Afz.. . . 484 inflena, Vahl . . 488 Kirkii, Stapf 476, 574 linarioides, Welw. . 578 linearioides, Kam. . 478 lingulata, Baker. 481 madagascariensts, Ag MOR A i566) es 4h Mannii, Oliv. . 484 micropetala, Sm. . 483 neottioides . 487 obtusa, Sw. . . . 495 obtusata, Sw. 3 495 odontosperma, Stapf 474 Oliveri, Kam. . 488 var. Schwein- furthii, Engl. . 488. var. jimbriata, INpmN, . 489 olygosperma, St. leh) 6 6 . 192 orbic iilauten Wall. . 486 platy ptera, Stapf . 492 prehensilis, 1. Mey. 480 var. hians, Kam. 481 var. huillensis, Kame oll var. lingulata, Kam. - £81 var. parviflora, Oliv. . . 481 reflexa, Oliv. . 492 refleza, Oliv. 492, 493 Utricularia (continued) Page reticulata, Oliv.. . 480 rigida, Benj... . 487 sanguinea, S.Moore 474 sanguinea, Oliv. . 475 Schweinfurthii, Baler . 482 sp., Hk. f. . 484 sp. Oliv. . . 495 spiralis, Sm. . . 482 stellaris, L. 7. . 489 var. coromunde- liana, DC.. . 490 var. dilatata, Kam. . 490 var. breviscapa, IXPMIR oo og HRD) var. dilatata, Kam. 5 cin en to0 var. filiformis, Ks 6 vo HB striatula, Sin. . 486 suaveolens, Afz. . 487 subulata, L. . 7 485 var. tnequalis, Kam. . 485 var. minuta, Kam, 485 Thonningii, Schumach. . 487 tortilis, Welw. . 483 var. andongensts, Kam. . . 481 transrugosa, Stapf 473, 574 tribracteata, Hochst. 475 trichoschiza, Stapf. 488 tricrenata, Baker . 495 aliginoides, Kam, . 482 -villosula, Stapf . 490 Welwitschii, Oliv. 478, 574 Uvedalia nana, E. Meyer. 331 Valliacapo-molago, Rheede . 252 Vandellia . 33% diffusa, L 338 var. pedunculatu, Benth. . . . 338 lobelioides, Oliv. . 340 nummularifolia, D, Done yey es. 341 senegalensis, Benth, 340 senegalensis, O. Kze 339 Page Vandellia (continued) sesstliflora, Benth. . Varronia abyssinica, DO... 8 Velvitsia 1) es Gil calycine, Hiern. . 362 Verbascum . . 29 erianthum, Benth. : Schimperi, Skan somaliense, Baker Ternacha, Hochst. . Verbena supina, Wa 7.) eens Veronica. . . 356 341 abyssinica, Frres. . 358 africana, Hook. f. . 359 Anagallissii) 0. asa var, aquatica, Schwf, .:1. .) 85% anagalloides, Guss, . 357 aquatica, Bernh, . 357 Beccabunga, var. minima, Lingle. 357 var., A. Rich. 358 chamedryoides, Isa 4 - 358 filiformis, A. Rich. 361 glandulosa, Hochst. 359 Gune, Schwf . . 361 javanica, Bl.. . . 358 Maddeni, Edgew. Mannii, Hook: joo 889) ipaiMannn: Avetta myrsinoides, Oliv. . 360 petitiana, A. Rich. . 359 simensis, Pres. . 360 violefolia, Hochst. . 360 wogerensis, Hochst.. 358 Volkameria angolensis, O. Kze . antirrhinodes, 0. Kernan | 3} orientale, O. Kze ; sesamodes, O. Kze . 559 triphylla, O. Kze . 561 Withania . . wos arborescens, Dun. . 249 aristata, Paug. . . 290 Holstii, Dammer. . 250 somnifera, Dwi. 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