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Gihitttire felt, THE FLORISTS’ MAGAZINE. JANUARY TO DECEMBER, 1845. VOLUME XIII. CONDUCTED BY JOSEPH HARRISON, DOWNHAM NURSERY, NORFOLK. LONDON : WHITTAKER AND CO., AVE MARIA LANE. —_— 1845, ' i ee Rate ee ii WAIN ADA Mi ete L101 7 SO: GAEL SEAT nok ke LONDON: nee V9 Witnram Crowes and} Son AOCTATAH IT2OU YE CAT Ie AE WOR pene renee il ie PREFACE. Tue passing away of another Year, and the close of another Volume of the Froricutturat Casinet, necessarily imposes upon us the pleasing duty of returning our grateful acknowledgments to our Friends for the unabated support which they have continued to favour us with. We very sensibly feel the friendliness of our supporters, which, after thirteen years of Editorial labours, is not’ only continued, but increasing proofs of favourable regard are constantly afforded us. This extended and substantial sanction of our Magazine has evinced that our annual promises have been most satisfactorily realized, and our labours favourably regarded. The very unprecedented sale of the FroricutturaL Casinet assures us of its having a firm hold of a Floricultural public, and this is to us in the highest degree flattering. This encouragement will excite us onward, and give a fresh impulse in increasing zeal to future duties, and in demonstrating that our gratitude to our numerous supporters is genuine, deep, abiding, and again most cordially renewed. During the past year we have had numerous testimonies forwarded us of the improvement effected in the Volume now closing, especially so in the faithfulness and excellence of the new style of Engraving and Colouring of the Figures in our Plates, as well as of the selection of the new and best flowers given. In these respects we shall not only in future endeavour to maintain our position, but, as far as practicable, improve thereon. Hitherto we have successfully appealed to our friends through this medium for their assistance in literary contributions, of what is deemed interesting and useful to Floriculturists. We feel assured our long faithful friends will not fail us now, and we in addition respectfully iv PREFACE. solicit the co-operation of new Contributors. With such aid we can assure our Supporters no exertion on our part shall be wanting to render the Froricutrurat CaBinert what it is in every respect pro- fessed to be. Downham ; December 18th, 1845. THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, JANUARY Ist, 1845. PART I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. 1, ECHIUM PETRAUM. Ir is a native of Dalmatia, and flourishes well in the open border, being planted out at the end of March. It requires to be kept in a cool pit or frame during winter. It does very well if grown in a greenhouse, making a fine bushy plant there, highly ornamental. It has bloomed profusely in the greenhouse at the London Horti- cultural Society’s garden, where we saw it in spring, a most lovely object. It is easily increased by seeds or cuttings. 2. CYNOGLOSSUM LONGIFLORUM. This very beautiful flowering plant is a native of Cashmere, a hardy perennial, border flower, growing about two feet high, and blooming profusely the greater part of summer. It is a pretty orna- ment for the flower-garden, readily increased by seeds or offsets. 3. MYOSOTIS AZORICA. This very beautiful Forcer-me-Nor is from the Azores. We saw a specimen of it in most profuse bloom, and we were informed that the plant spreads rapidly, and blooms most profusely, forming quite a mass of its beautiful rich blue flowers. It will probably require a little winter protection in a cool frame, or a glass over it; it dves Vox. XIII. No, 143. A THE EFFECTS OF CAMPHOR ON CUT FLOWERS, &e. well in a pot, too, in a greenhouse. It requires to be grown ina shady situation, from powerful midday sun. It deserves to be grown wherever practicable. It may soon be obtained of the principal nur- serymen. ARTICLE II. THE EFFECTS OF CAMPHOR ON CUT FLOWERS, AND PLANTS GROWN IN POTS. BY MR. CHARLES CLARK, OF LEIPSIC ROAD, CAMBERWELL, LONDON. Tue stimulant effects of Camphor upon the human and some other animal bodies are well known, but those on vegetables are not only new, but very astonishing in their nature. A tulip bloom, with two leaves on it, taken out of a stand of tulips that were apparently in the same state of health, was placed in a pint of water which had been stirred up for some time, in a hot state, to dissolve half an ounce of good Camphor, while the other flowers in the stand, which had the benefit of the fresh water, were quite droop- ing, leaves of that placed in the Camphor-water elevated themselves considerably on their footstalks, and the flower expanded more than in its natural growing state; the stamens receded from the pistillum> and the three outer leaves of the calyx, or flower-cup, were remark- ably reflected back, and became extremely rigid and elastic. The internal surface of the flower perspired considerably, though a similar perspiration could not be perceived in the flowers that were in the stand of pure water, although they were in the same room, and of equal temperature. The camphorated flowers continued in a very invigorated state for three entire days, after which they began to droop; but the leaf decayed sooner than the flower. The other flowers in the simple water did not survive half so long in afresh state before they drooped, and on then placing them in a solution of Camphor, revived them considerably. Notwithstanding the surprising effect the Camphor so applied produced, no odour or smell of it could be traced in any part of the tulip flower or leaf, except that portion which had been immersed in the camphorated water. This circumstance seems to render it probable that the Camphor was not absorbed by the bloom, OBSERVATIONS ON FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE. 3 but that it exerted its remarkable influence entirely through the portion of the solid stem which was immersed. The appearance, however, was very striking, and might be com- pared to the physical effects on the human constitution. Several other experiments I have made; one in particular, on the cactus tribe, using Camphor, applied as a liquid manure; the plant was of a stunted growth, and had not made much progress for the two previous years, and was to all appearance in a totally withered state: it was taken out of the pot, with as much of the earth shaken off as could be done without damaging the roots, having ready some rich mould, and a little sand impregnated with an ounce and a-half of Camphor, pounded small, was well mixed with the mould, and the plant was planted therein, slightly watered afterwards with cam- phorated water in a lukewarm state, then placed on a shelf, having a south aspect. In the course of three weeks the plant threw up two fine shoots, and the old stems or limbs stiffened, and became very elastic, and now are growing most vigorously. The temperature of the house is from sixty to seventy degrees. As Camphor is very sparingly soluble in water, it is natural to conclude that the stimulant effects were produced by a very small part of the portion mingled with the water. I hope these experi- ments may lead to others in floriculture, tending to promote so interesting and delightful a science. ARTICLE IIL OBSERVATIONS ON FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE, BEING AN EXTRACT OF AN ADDRESS DELIVERED AT ST. ANDREWS, N.B., FLORICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL MEETING, BY THE REV. JAMES TAYLOR. COMMUNICATED BY A NORTH BRITON, Havrne had the unbounded pleasure of hearing the address delivered by the reverend gentleman above named, I feel assured it will not only be interesting to other readers of the Froricutruray Casinev, but tend in some degree to promote this truly delightful art; and with these views I forward it for insertion in the January Number. After some introductory observations, Mr. Taylor proceeds as fol- lows :— A2 4 OBSERVATIONS ON FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE, “ I fecl that I run some risk of exposing myself to the charge of presumption in undertaking to speak on the subject of gardening, in the presence of an audience so thoroughly acquainted with the art, and who have given such conspicuous proofs of the ability and success with which they have cultivated it. But as the office is one which I have not taken upon myself, and as an individual who possesses no great practical knowledge of the mysteries of a science may yet know enough of it to be able to set forth its advantages and plea- sures—one point at least on which I can speak from experience—I have, without hesitation, acceded to the request made to me, that I should address you on the present occasion. The art for the pro- motion of which your scciety has been formed has been held of importance by every civilized nation in every age. It is practised alike for pleasure and for profit, and can be made subservient both to private use and enjoyment, and to public recreation and adyantage. It gladdens the heart of the peasant, whose little plot may contain, as Horace Walpole expresses it, merely ‘ a gooseberry bush and a cabbage ;’ and it is numbered among the choicest luxuries of the rich and noble, whose flower-gardens, and hot-houses, and orchards, are enriched with the productions of every climate and quarter of the world. The cultivation of this pursuit is not only conducive to health and repose of mind, but, moreover, has a direct and powerful tendency to form pure and simple tastes, and to call forth and strengthen the best and noblest feelings of our nature. ‘Our first most endearing and most sacred association,’ observes a well-known authoress, ‘ are connected with gardens; our most simple and most refined perceptions of beauty are combined with them; and the very condition of our being compels us to the cares, and rewards us with the pleasures attached to them.’ ‘ Gardening,’ says Sir William Temple, ‘has been the inclination of kings and the choice of phi- losophers.’ It is associated with the names of many of the most eele- brated philosophers and poets, from Bacon to Cooper and Scott, and has exercised the talents of as numerous and brilliant an assem- blage of distinguished writers as any one subject can boast of. It is the delight of boyhood in every rank and condition of life, and a well known statesman, after sixty years’ experience, affirms, that the love of gardens is the only passion which augments with age. The duty of * considering’ the flowers of the field is enjomed upon us by OBSERVATIONS ON FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE. 5 Him who ‘ spake as never man spake;’ and many and beautiful are the lessons which they are fitted to convey. The delicate snowdrop, the welcome messenger of spring, so pure and pale—so true an emblem of hope, and trust, and confidence, coming forth and saluting us amid the naked landscape, amidst chilling blasts and beating rain, while all its more gorgeous kindred are still slumbering in the earth—the ‘ yellow cowslip and the pale primrose,’ associated with tender recollections of the verdant bank with its little streamlet, where we gambolled in joyous childhood and gathered flowers, ‘Tn life’s morning march, when our bosoms were young,’ and when the cares and struggles of life were as yet happily un- known—the violet, with its modest retiring beauty, and its exquisiie perfume, reminding us of the pure and invigorating breezes of spring—the jessamine, ‘ with its dark green leaves and little silver stars,’ saluting us with its delicious scent through the open casement, and bringing before our mind’s eye the cottage porch with all its interesting associations—the stately lily, calling to recollection that memorable passage in the sacred volume, ‘ Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow ; they toil not, neither do they spin; and yet I say unto you, that Solomon, in all his glory, was not arrayed like one of these —the heartsease, the ‘little western flower,’ so beautifully described by our great dramatic poet—the forget-me-not, with its tender and touching associations—the pale narcissus, with its clas- sical legend ;—all of them, in short, from the rose, with its exquisite combinations of perfume, form, and colour, which have gained for it the first honours in the floral world, down to ‘the meanest floweret of the vale,’ speak to the taste and feelings, to the imagina- tion and the heart, and daily read us many lessons, silent, but not less powerful, of the vanity of earthly pomp, of the beauty of hea- yenly simplicity and purity, of contentment and lowliness of mind. Besides the pleasure and instruction which these productions of the garden are in themselves fitted to convey, the use which has been made of them by our most admired authors has caused them to come home still more forcibly ‘to our business and bosoms.’ ‘There has never been a poet, simple or sublime, who has not adorned his verse with these specimens of nature’s cunning workmanship.’ Their natural beauties have thus been greatly heightened by these acquired associations. To say nothing of innumerable other instances—what 6 OBSERVATIONS ON FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE. classical scholar needs to be reminded of Melenger’s garland ? or what reader of English poetry does not remember Milton’s description of Paradise, and the many exquisite passages scattered so profusely through the works of our great dramatic poet, as to have led to some ingenious surmises that he was born and bred a gardener? or what Scotchman is not familiar with the ‘ Mountain Daisy,’ and the ‘ Posie of Burns,’ in which it is difficult to decide whether the natural object or the poetical application of it is the more tender and beautiful ? The custom of affixing a figurative signification to those productions of nature seems to have prevailed in all ages and in all countries. In ancient times the violet was as proud a device of the Ionic Athe- nians as the lilies of France, or the rose of England, or the shamrock of Ireland, or ‘the rough bur thistle,’ with its threatening motto, is auld Scotia’s ‘emblem dear.’ Patriotic recollections thus combine with poetical associations and natural beauty, to stimulate to the cultivation of the delightful art. ‘Talk of perfect happiness or plea- sure,’ says old Gerarde, ‘ and what place was so fit for that as the garden place wherein Adam was set to be the herbalist? Whither did the poets hunt for their sincere delights but into the gardens of Alcinous, of Adonis, and the orchards of the Hesperides? Where did they dream that heaven should be put in the pleasant gardens of Elysium? Whither do all men walk for their honest recreation, but thither where the earth hath most beneficially painted her face with flourishing colours? And what season of the year more longed for than the spring, whose gentle breath enticeth forth the kindly sweets, and makes them yield their fragrant smells?’ Surely it ought to require but little argument to excite to the cultivation of a pursuit thus powerfully recommended to our notice—a pursuit which tends to diffuse peace, and comfort, and contentment throughout the land ; which binds together the various classes of society by a common interest, and by the interchange of kindnesses and favours; which affords healthy exercise and innocent recreation ; which gives a local attachment and strengthens the love of our native land: which excites a spirit of honourable and kindly emulation, and teaches men to appreciate whatever is natural, and simple, and pure; and, above all, which leads us from ‘ Nature up to Nature’s God ;’ and, while fillmg our minds with admiration of these the works of His hands, at the same time inspires our hearts with gratitude to Him who Ly | OBSERVATIONS ON FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE, 4 ‘ causeth the grass to grow for the cattle, and herb for the service of man,’ who ‘in wisdom has made them all,’ and whose ‘tender mercies are over all his works.’ Gardening has long been a favourite art in Britain, and there is probably no country which offers similar advantages for its cultivation. Of late years, however, this delightful pursuit has made unexampled progress, which is in no small degree to be attributed to the formation of horticultural societies. Only thirty-five years have elapsed since the formation of the London so- ciety, the first comprehensive institution of its kind, and there are now in Great Britain upwards of two hundred provincial societies, founded more or less upon its model. There are at least twenty monthly publications, and no less than three weekly newspapers de- yoted to horticultural subjects. Immense sums of money are now annually spent in the promotion of this, one of the purest of all human pleasures. ‘The dark jungles of Hindostan, the fathomless woods of Mexico, the unapproached valleys of China,’ and the bound- less forests of America, are all ransacked to add to our floral treasures ; and ‘ governments, and companies, and societies vie with men of science, and commerce, and wealth, in gladdening our British gardens with a new flower.’ Our flower-gardens and hothouses are filled with the productions of every country, and of every clime. Here we see the mignionette, ‘ the Frenchman’s darling :’ stock gilliflower, the sweetbriar, and the wallflower of our own land. Here are the mosses and lichens dragged from under the snows of Iceland; there the tenderest creepers of the tropical jungies. At one time we behold the gorgeous geranium and the fulgent fuchsia, at there the clove and another— _ * daffodils, That come before the swallow dares, and take The winds of March with beauty ;’ Violets— _ £ That strew the green lap of the coming spring ; ‘And again, ‘the flowers of middle summer ’— * Hot lavender, mint, savory marjoram, The marygold that goes to bed with the sun, And with him rises weeping.’ Holyhocks and dahlias, China asters and African marygolds mingle with the lily of the valley, the scented heath, and the peony tose. 8 OBSERVATIONS ON FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE. At one time, our curiosity is excited by those wonderful resemblances of living creatures—the air-plant, the hare’s-foot fern, and the Tar- tarian lamb—‘ the sensitive plant, which shrinks from the hand of man—the ice-plant, that almost cools one by looking at it—the pitcher- plant, with its welcome draught—the hair trigger of the stylidium— and, most singular of all, the carnivorous Venus’ fly-trap ‘Only think of a vegetable being carnivorous !” which is said to bait its prickles with something which attracts the flies, upon whom it then closes, and whose decay is supposed to afford food for the plant ;’—at another, our hearts are gladdened by the sight of those universal and perpetual favourites ‘That dwell beside our paths and homes.’ Fortunately, this innocent and most delightful pursuit requires the command neither of costly materials nor of unbroken leisure, to be followed with advantage and pleasure. As the love of these pro- ductions of nature is almost universal, so the opportunities of cul- tivating them are placed within the reach of almost all classes of society. ‘ Gardening,’ it has been justly said, ‘not only affords common ground for the high and low, but, like Christianity itself, it offers peculiar blessings and privileges to the poor man, which the very possession of wealth denies. The pale-faced mechanic or weaver may derive more real pleasure from his green bed of smoked auriculas, or his mignionette growing in a cracked teapot, than the lordly pos- sessors of Sion or Chatsworth, from their hundreds of decorated acres, because, not only personal superintendence, but actual work is ne- cessary for the true enjoyment of a garden. We must know our flowers as well as possess them; and the poor peasant who has the privilege of cultivating a little plot of ground, where he knows every flower, because they are few, and every name, because they are simple, whose rose-bushes and gilliflowers are dear to him because himself has pruned, and watered, and watched them, has marked from day to day their opening buds, and removed their fading blos- soms,’ is furnished with the means of obtaining, if not happiness, the nearest approach to, in this world, content,— ‘ Yes; in the poor man’s garden grow Far more than herbs and flowers ; Kind thoughts, contentinent, peace of mind, And joy for weary hours,’ OBSERVATIONS ON FLORICULTURE AND HORTICULTURE. 9 In a like strain, the author of ‘ Human Life’ beautifully says,—‘ I would not have my garden too extended; not because flowers are not the most delicious things, speaking to the sentiments as well as to the senses, but on account of the intrinsic and superior value of moderation. When interests are divided they are not so strong. Three acres of flowers, and a regiment of gardeners, bring no more pleasure than_a sufficiency. Besides which, in the smaller possessions there is more room for the mental pleasure to step in and refine all that which is sensual. We become acquainted, as it were, and even form friendships with individual flowers. We bestow more care upon their bringing up and progress. They seem sensible of our favour, absolutely to enjoy it, and make pleasing returns by their beauty, health, and swectness. In this respect a hundred thousand roses, which we look at ex masse do not identify themselves in the same manner as even a very small border; and hence, if the cot- tager’s mind is properly attuned, the little cottage garden may give him more real delight than belongs to the owner of a thousand acres. All this is so entirely nature, that give me a garden well kept, how- ever small, two or three spreading trees, and a mind at ease, and I defy the world.’ It is impossible, therefore, to view, without the greatest delight, the progress which the taste for these pure and simple pleasures is making among the working classes of the com- munity ; and we cannot but regard it as a sign of a healthy state of society when the cottager is seen rearing his sunflowers and sweet- williams before his door, and the mechanic breeding his prize-com- peting auriculas with as much honest pride and zeal as the nobleman can take in his hothouses and conservatories. Crabbe has given a striking description of the operation of this taste in his friend the weaver, for whom— —‘ Is blooming in his rich array The glorious flower which bore the palm away ; In vain a rival tried his utmost art ; His was the prize, and joy o’erflowed his heart ; “This, this is beauty! cast, I pray, your eyes On this my ylory! seethe grace—the size! Was ever stem so tall, so stout, so strong, Exact in breadth—in just proportion leng ? These brilliant hues are all distinct and clean, No kindred tint, no blending streaks between ; This is no shaded, run-off, pin-eyed thing— A king of flowers—a flower for England’s king.’’’ 10 DIRECTIONS FOR PROVIDING TENDER PLANTS, &¢. William Howitt states that in the outskirts of Nottingham there are no fewer than five thousand gardens, the bulk of which are occupied by the working classes. It is impossible to over-estimate the amount of good done by these garden allotments, affording, as they do, the means of healthful employment and innocent recreation, and pure and peaceful enjoyments to the occupants and their families, and presenting in their attractions a most gratifying contrast to those noisy and demoralizing recreations in which the inhabitants of our crowded towns but too often indulge. Every lover of his species, and every enlightened patriot, must eafnestly desire the extension of the system over the whole length and breadth of our country, and horticultural societies would be well entitled to encouragement and support if they had done nothing more than by giving an impulse to the cultivation of this pursuit among the poor, been the means of diffusing peace, and comfort, and contentedness among the homes of those who ‘ shall never cease out of the land.’ ” ARTICLE IV. DIRECTIONS FOR PROVIDING TENDER PLANTS TO ADORN THE FLOWER-GARDEN DURING SUMMER, &c, BY LOUISA JOHNSTONE, OF MAY’S TERRACE, DUBLIN. Tue flower-gardens are now, during the summer months, in many cases almost exclusively decorated with exotics; and too much cannot be said in favour of a practice that enables them to rival, for a time, the sun-lit scenes of happier climes, from which we have lately received many plants so perfectly suited to such a purpose, and so exquisitely lovely when displaying their beauty in masses, that without them our gardens would be a blank indeed. What, in all the range of floral beauty, unlimited as it is, could compensate us for the loss of even that single group, the Verbenas? The duration of plants used for this purpose, under the mode of culture this practice has introduced, is only annual—as they require to be propagated in autumn or spring, produce their blossoms during the season, and perish at its close. As they cannot be turned out with any certainty of success until the season is far advanced, the small plants require to be planted thick enough to cover the soil, and produce an imme- diate effect. Thus a moderate-sized garden requires a considerable q DIRECTIONS FOR PROVIDING TENDER PLANTS, &c. 11 number of plants to furnish it annually, a prospect that would have appalled even the best gardeners of yore; but at the present day, where sufficient means are allowed, the propagation of the plants is a matter of no difficulty. In cuttings, put in during February or March, failures seldom occur; when they do, they are generally the effect of too much confinement, and not, as is often assumed, of too much water. For the sort of cuttings I am speaking of, during the early part of the season, double glass is altogether unnecessary ; wa- tering them overhead during sunshine, while air is admitted, will prove of more service than covering them with glasses or shading, a practice that ought to be avoided. The inexperienced will find a frame with a little bottom heat, covered 4 or 5 inches deep with light soil, the cuttings planted in the soil, a most efficient apparatus ; and those who possess a stove or hothouse will find that cuttings in pots, plunged in the bark-bed, and fully exposed to the light, will root without further trouble. The introduction of so many plants into the houses at a time when those wintered there are beginning to grow, and require more room, is a serious evil; to remove which as soon as possible, we are apt either to turn out the plants before the proper season, when they often suffer so much from premature exposure, that we are forced to replenish the beds, or endure their squalid appearance during half the season; or to retain the young plants, fifty or sixty together, in the cutting-pots, until they are finally turned out. This, no doubt, saves room, the labour of potting, and watering in a great measure; but it is the practice of the sluggard, and ought to be avoided with all his doings, as the plants invariably thrive better when potted singly, and allowed to establish themselves in the pots. To avoid these habits, and still retain house-room for more important purposes, select a sheltered spot, fully exposed to the sun, over which erect a temporary framework of rafters to support a roller, with canvass or matting. Cover the bottom of the space enclosed with sand. When the plants have been potted off, the pots filled with roots, and tole- rably hardened, let them be taken to this shelter, carefully turned out of the pots, and each plant placed upon a small piece of turf ‘previously placed upon the sand. As the plants are not expected to increase much in size while they remain here, they may be placed rather close together, thereby sheltering each other, and making the 12 DIRECTIONS FOR PROWIDING TENDER PLANTS, &c. most of the space covered. As the plants are placed, let the space between each be filled up with sand, when they will require little attention, save an occasional watering, until they are removed to their final destination. Under such a shelter, the hardier sorts, or such as have been propagated in autumn, may be placed as early as the 1st of March; the pots, and the room in the house that they occupied, to be employed in forwarding others to be treated in the same manner. High or cutting winds, heavy rains, and cold are to be guarded against, during which the canvass must remain down. The mere saving of room is not the only recommendation such a practice possesses. When the plants are taken up with the small piece of turf attached, it will be found that they have formed nume- rous strong and fleshy spongioles, ready to seize upon the soil with the greatest avidity. They likewise suffer much when taken from under glass, and exposed to the direct influence of light: placed out so early, the cause is less powerful; the effect, consequently, less felt; and what they do suffer in appearance is entirely recovered while they remain where their appearance is not of the smallest con- sequence. Those who possess propagating-houses, and every con- venience to supply the plants required of them, may deem it unnecessary to employ such an auxiliary ; but the number of such is limited indeed, when compared with those who happily take an interest in a garden, and strive to make the most of the means placed at their disposal : to those who have only a green-house it is invalu- able. Persons so situated would do well to propagate as many as possible in autumn; retain them in the cutting-pots during the winter, allowing them plenty of air, as the best safeguard against damp, the greatest enemy to plants at such a season; pot them off, and place them under the shelter already recommended in spring. When judiciously managed, it is surprising how many plants may be thus produced, even by a single frame. Annuals intended for plant- ing out in beds, for which purpose there are many sorts well adapted, ought to be sown in autumn, and treated in every respect like cut- tings, when they will produce a far finer display than those raised in spring. Specimen grecuhouse plants, in pots, placed singly or in groups upon the lawn, when properly introduced, produce a fine effect. To prevent plants so placed having their roots injured by the action of ON PROPAGATION OF ERICAS. {3 the sun upon the pots, they ought to be plunged, or otherwise co- vered, and proper drainage secured. ‘This is generally effected by a stratum of coal-ashes; but I have often had occasion to plunge plants where the remains of the ashes, turned up in digging, appear unsightly in the extreme: in these cases I drained the pots contain- ing the plants by placing a small empty pot beneath each, and found the result so satisfactory, that I have adopted this plan wherever plants are plunged, it being free from every objection that applies to ashes. Pots are easier applied and removed ; and more effectual, as by them worms are completely excluded. The plunging taking place when the pots required for drainage would be lying idle, they may be so applied without any sacrifice. ARTICLE V. ON PROPAGATION OF ERICAS. LY THE FOREMAN OF A LONDON NURSERY. OsserRvinG in a late Number of the Froricurroaur Caprvet a Correspondent asks for some information on the best. mode of increas- ing Cape Ericas, and having, as foreman of one of the first nursery establishments in or around London, had many years’ practice in the propagation of Ericas, I forward a few general instructions, which, if attended to, will ensure every desired success. Increase by Seed.—Always sow in July or August, so that the young plants will be strong enough to sustain winter, but not too large, so as to become a dense mass of foliage, and thus be liable to rot. This would be the case if seed was sown much earlier in the season. Let the pot be filled up about one-third with drainage, such as broken pot and rough turfy peat in lumps; upon this, sandy peat, to about half an inch from the rim. Let the surface of the soil be made even, and as fine as possible; sow the seed regularly upon it, gently press it to the same by means of a flat piece of wood ; this being done, only just cover it with the finest dusty sandy peat ; if deep it will perish. Sprinkle it over with water as fine as dew, if possible, so that the seed be not washed bare; cover the top of the pot over with a flat piece of common glass; place the pot near the glass on a shelf in a greenhouse, or cool frame, shading from hot sun; keep the surface moist, not wet; protect from frost and excess 14 ON PROPAGATION OF ERICAS. of damp in winter, and gradually expose the plants, by taking off the glass when the plants are up strong enough—say half an inch. Pot off singly in the following March into small 60-sized pots, well drained, in chopped sandy peat, using a little fine to imbed the fibrous roots in when first planted. Increase by Cuttings—Have a pot drained, one-third its depth, with broken pots, over this, sandy peat, and a few bits of stone or pot intermixed; this being made even, spread over it an inch of white, or what is called silver sand, let the surface be even with the rim ; after watering it the cuttings may be inserted in rows not within an inch of the side. When the cuttings are put in, water must be given, so as to settle the sand firmly round them. After being allowed an hour or so to dry, the bell-glass should be put over. It often happens that the accumulation of wet inside the glass, running down to the surface of the soil, saturates it, so that it damps off the cuttings; to avoid this I have a zine trough made to the size of the rim of the glass, an inch deep up the inside of the glass, and half an inch outside, with a portion that bends over the rim of the pot. This frame being pressed into the sand, the glass is fixed in it ; being placed, a little sand is put round the outside of the rim, keeping the imside air-tight. This trough receives the accumulating water inside the glass, and the outside rim being lower than the inside, any accumulation of water would pass over the outside of the pot. This precaution renders it unnecessary to take off the glass to wipe away the wet, which ought not to be removed, but be kept on as much as possible. The cuttings must be obtained from newly pushed shoots; these usually may be had by May; any particular late kind is readily started by placing it in a little higher tempe- rature. When the shoots are about three-quarters of an inch pushed, cut them off close to where they recently started from in a straight cut through. A small sharp razor should be used, so that the base of the cutting is a clean cut ; the lower half of the cutting must have the leaves cut off close to the stem with the razor. Care must be taken not to bruise the stem by pinching or otherwise. In inserting the cuttings the base of each must rest upon the sand, and watering will sink it around the stem. By this mode of treatment the cuttings will root in the course of three or four weeks; when well rooted they are to be taken up with all the fibrous roots possible, and be potted OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSES IN POTS. 15 singly into small sixties in rough turfy sandy peat, watered, placed in a cool frame, kept close, and shaded from sun for a week, then eradually inured to more exposure. o. SS eae REVIEW. Observations on the Cultivation of Roses in Pots, by W. Paul Nurseries, Cheshunt, Herts. Published by Sherwood, Gilbert and Piper, Paternoster-row, London. pp. 32. (Continued from page 293.) “ Removal of tender Varieties—By the end of March, if room cannot be granted them in pits or a greenhouse, the tender varieties may be brought from their hibernal residence and plunged in an airy situation ; and such as were left unpruned for late flowering should now be pruned. But if allowed to remain in the pits through spring, they will bloom much earlier, in greater perfection, and with finer foliage. “ Plunging.—It is an excellent plan, in plunging, to place the pots so that the bottoms rest on an inverted seed-pan or flower-pot. This secures a free drainage, prevents the roots growing through the bottom of the pot into the soil, and is an effectual barrier to the ingress of worms. The pots may be plunged level with the ground, and so far apart that the plants may not touch each other when full grown. After plunging, it is beneficial to cover the surface lightly with stable manure. “ Watering—Water should be given abundantly through the growing and blooming season. Guano-water is an excellent manure for Roses in pots; it should, however, be used cautiously ; an ounce to a gallon of water is sufficient. If the plants require watering ‘oftener than once a-week, pure water should be given at the inter- -yening periods. “ Destruction of Caterpillars, Green Fly, §e—When the buds first break, and continually afterwards, the plants should be keenly sought over to destroy the grub and caterpillar, some of which are mere threads in appearance, but which travel from shoot to shoot, eating out the growing points, and thereby destroying the bloom, and whose presence can scarcely be detected till the mischief is done. 15 OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSES IN POTS. The green fly is often very annoying. The most effectual way of ridding ourselves of these pests appears to be by removing the plants to a greenhouse for the time, or enclosing them, as they stand in the beds, with a covering of wet garden mats placed double, or oiled canvass, and by fumigating with tobacco. Disbudding, §c.—When the buds first push, if two or three break close together, the weakest, or those taking the least favourable direc- tion, should be rubbed out. Such shoots as are inclined to grow rank, without blooming, should be stopped or taken out, if not wanted to form the head, for they appropriate to themselves the sap which should be directed into the flower-branches, and further render the plants of uneven growth. When the flower-buds are forming imper- fectly they should be nipped out; and the size of the early flowers may be increased by removing, at an early stage, the small backward flower-buds. “ Shading.—When the plants commence flowering, it will be necessary to shade them during the middie of the day; and the covering should be moveable, that they may have the advantage of slight rains and dews. “ Characteristics of Varieties suited for Pot Culture—In searching out the following, from an immense number of varieties which I have had constant opportunities of looking over while in bloom, I have endeavoured to hold in view the following points :— 1. Elegance of habit, regarding both growth and flowering. 2. Con- trast of colour. 3. Abundance of bloom. 4. Form, or individual outline of flower. 5. Duration of bloom. 6. Sweetness. Probably few given will have a claim on all these points; some combine them more intimately than others. The habit of a plant is always deserving of regard, and especially when intended to be grown ina pot. Asa class of Roses, the Bourbons may perhaps be given as a standard of habit. In a collection, contrast of colour is of undoubted import ; and some will probably be found selected on account of their distinct- ness, which otherwise would not have found place here. With regard to flowering, many of our profuse blooming Roses are not the most double nor the finest in form; but the magnificent appearance they present as pot plants, when viewed ez masse, may perhaps be con- sidered a sufficient plea for their insertion. These, however, may be distinguished throughout the list by an asterisk being prefixed. There NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 17 are vurious styles of Roses, each good in its way. Two points, how- ever, (the habit of the plant and the form of the flower) should admit of universal application. By duration of bloom, allusion is more par- ticularly made to the length of time the flowers continue in perfection when open, than to succession of flower. The Smithii (Yellow Noi- sette), for example, and in fact most thick-petalled Roses, hold their flowers in perfection for some days, whereas others fall almost as soon as expanded. Now, to obtain a number of flowers on one plant, in all the various stages of bloom, at a given time, is one great point the cultivator of Roses in pots for exhibition has to attend to. There- fore, both among summer and autumn Roses, such as are for some time in perfection as buds, and when expanded for some time in per- fection as flowers, are certainly the most desirable. Scent, which is an estimable property of a Rose, needs no comment. "(To be continued.) PART TE LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. Anemone Osrtusiroria. Dr. Govan’s Anemone. (Bot. Reg. 65.) Ra- nunculacee, Polyandria Polygynia. A native of Choor (Himalayan) Moun- tain, where it biooms in May. It proves to be a hardy, alpine plant, growing about six inches high, well suited for a rockwork, in a damp, shady situation, where it blooms from June to August. The flowers are produced in umbels of five or six in each, white, a separate flower, is near an inch across. It is in the collection in the garden of the Horticultural Society. Anautosa Crowresul, Mr. Cuiowes’s. (Bot. Reg. 63.) Orchidacee. Gy- nandria Monandria. Mr. Linden discovered this species in Columbia. It has bloomed in the collection of the Rev. John Clowes, of Broughton Hall, near Manchester. A plant will throw up several strong flower-stalks, each producing one flower. Each blossom is from three to four inches across, of a thick fleshy substance. Sepals and petals of a pretty light yellow, labellum white, with a tinge of yellow near the base. Armeria Cepuatorus. Larce-neapep Turirt. (Bot. Mag. 4128.) Plum- baginee. Pentandria Pentagynia. Synonym, Statue cephalotus. This fine plant was introduced into this country in 1775, but soon lost. It is a native of several parts of Portugal and of Barbary. It has again been recently introduced from France under different names. It is probably not quite hardy enough to bear the open border in all parts of this country ; but in a cool greenhouse it is a most beautiful object. The flower stems rise to from a foot to half a yard high, each having a head of blossoms about three inches in diameter, of a rich rose colour, It blooms from July to October, and deserves a place in every greenhouse, It may be had at the principal nurseries. Beconra Rusricautis. Rep-scarep. (Bot. Mag. 4131.) Begoniacem. Monecia Polyandria. In a former volume we gave a descriptive list of the fine collection of this interesting tribe of plants which we saw in the stove at the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, (see March, 1843, page 65,) to which is added Vou, XIII. No, 143. B 18 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. the present species, obtained from the Birmingham Botanic Gardens; but Mr. Cameron, the curator, gives no account of its origin. The leaves are from four to six inches across, slightly hairy, of a bright green. The flower-stems are vigorous, and every portion of a very rich crimson-red colour, producing a bril- liant effect. The flowers are produced in a branching panicle. Male Flowers, five petals; two are red, blush-coloured, suffused with a deeper tinge; the three others of a cream colour. Each flower is near two inches across. It is a beautiful species, deserving a place in every plant-stove. Curuea Strigunosa. StRIGuLOsz CupHEA. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Lythracee. Dodecandria Monogynia. It grows wild at the foot of the Andes Mountains, near Ibayue, and has bloomed with Mr. Knight, of Chelsea, both in the stove and in the open air. It appears to be about as hardy as Salvias, Verbenas, &c., aud makes a pretty shrubby plant for the open border during the entire summer season. By atteution to stopping the leads of the main shoots, numerous laterals are produced, and in proportion the plant becomes bushy, and iucreas- ingly beautiful. The flowers aré produced in pendulous racemes, each blossom being near an inch long. The lower half (nearest the origin) is of an orange- red, the other portion yellow, with green stripes. If grown in a sandy loam, not too rich, and in a warm situated flower-border, it will, with due treatment, be very interestingly ornamental. The flowers require to have full light. Diriaventa Crassrnopa. Kwnos-sornrep. (Bot. Reg. 64.) Apocynacee. Pentandria Monogynia. (Synonyms, Echites carassa, E. Crassinoides.) The plant is a native of the Corcovado Mountain, near Rio Janeiro, being discovered there by Mr. Gardner. It is a stove twining plant, requiring a similar treat- ment to the Echites. We have noticed it on a former occasion, having seen it at Mr. Low’s, of the Clapton Nursery. The flowers are produced in terminal racemes, several in each. A separate blossom, is about three inches across, of a beautiful rose colour, with a yellow eye. The fine salver-shaped flowers pro- duce a showy effect. It well deserves a place in the plant stove. It requires to be kept rather dry in winter. Eripenprum Macrocuitum vak Roszum. Ross-coLourep, LARrGE-TIPPED. (Pax, Mag. Bot.) Orchidaceze. Gynandria Monandria, Within the last two years several handsome varieties, of various shades of rose-colour, but dissimilar in form, too, have been received from Guatemala, sent by Mr. Hartweg and Mr. Skinner. The present variety has bloomed at Nonesuch Park Gardens, near Cheam, in Surrey. It is chiefly remarkable from other rose-coloured ya- rieties by having a perfectly flat surtace. The flowers are produced in erect simple spikes. Sepals and petals of a dull purple, but green near their origin. Lip large, of a beautiful rosy-lilac. Each flower is near three inches across. It is a very interesting variety, well worthy a place in every collection. Gaytussacia Psgupovaccinium. BiLBERRy-L1KE. (Bot. Reg. 62.) Vac- cinacee. Decandria Monogynia. (Synonyms, Andromeda coccinea, Vac- cinium Braziliense.) It is said to bea native of the sandy plains of Brazil, where it forms a shrub, growing from one to two feet high. In this country it is found to be a hardy greenhouse branching shrub, and to be treated as Cape- heaths are in soil, potting, situation, &c. The flowers are numerously produced in axillary racemes, ten to twelve ineach. The younger blossoms are a beau- tiful orange-scarlet colour, and the older ones a rosy-red- Each flower is of a globular form, nearly half an inch across, We remarked in a former Number that we had seen the plant at Messrs. Loddiges’s, and that it deserves a place in every greenhouse. Ixtousr1an Monranum. Movunrarn Ixta. Liry. (Bot. Reg. 66.) Ama- ryllidaceee. Hexandria Monogynia. (Synonym, Amaryllis tatarica.) Disco- vered on the hills in the neighbourhood of Teheran. It is a hardy bulbous plant, producing, as by the figure given, about a dozen flowers in each spike. Each separate bloom is about two inches and a half across, a rich purple-blue, with streaks of white up the middle of each of the six divisions of the corolla, which divisions reflex back in an advanced state, like the Turncap-lily. It blooms — a. NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 19 in May and June, and is a very pretty and interesting species, well deserving a place in the flower-border. Lapnacna SeMIsERRATA. SEMISERRATED*LEAVED. (Bot. Mag. 4129.) Tern- stremiacee. Polyandria Pentagynia. A native of Brazil, where it grows to a tree of thirty to forty feet high. In the plant-stove in this country plants bloom profusely when even a foot high. The plant has much the appearance of the Green Tea-plant. The flowers are produced numerously, white, each blossom being near two inches across. It is in the collection of the Duke of Northumber- land, Sion House Gardens. Oncwium Tricotor, Turee-conourep. (Bot. Mag. 4130.) Orchidee. Gynandria Monandria, Sent from Jamaica to the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew. It is a very beautiful and entirely new species, with foliage resembling that of O. Triquetrum and O. Pulchellum, but very different in the flowers, both as to form and cvlouring, being most elegantly varied with colours. The flower scape rises about a foot high, terminating with a much branching panicle of flowers. Each blossom is about an inch across. Sepals and petals of a yellow- ish green, streaked and blotched with red. Labellum white, with a yellow co- lumn streaked with red. It is a very interesting and beautiful species, well deserving 2 place in every collection of this class of flowers. OrrurosantHes Murtiriora. Many-FLowerReD. (Pax. Bot. Mag.) Iri- dacew. Triandria Monogynia. It was discovered near Lucky Bay, in New Holland ; and although it will bloom in the open border in Summer, it does best kept in the greenhouse, or cool frame. It is an herbaceous perennial, the flower-stem rising a foot high; each scape contains several flowers of a bright blue colour; each blossom is about an inch and a half across. It is a neat flowering plant, deserving a place in the greenhouse. It has bloomed at Mr. Henderson’s Nursery, Edgware Road. Satvia Srrictirtora. Erecr Frowerine. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Labiatee. Diandria Monogynia. A native of Peru. It is a shrubby plant, requiring a similar treatment to the general species. The spikes of flowers are about five inches long ; each blossom about an inch and a half, of a rich crimson red. It is a very neat and pretty species. It is in the collection of Messrs. Lee, of Hammersmith Nursery. ’ SrAperiaA Cacrivormis. Cactus-1ixe. (Bot. Mag. 4127.) Asclepidex. Pentandria Monogynia. This very singular species has been lately received from Mr. Zeyhar, who sent it from Little Namagua-land, in South Africa, to the Earl of Derby, at Knowsley Park. It has bloomed in the collection at Kew. The stem, or entire plant, has the appearance of a Mammillaria (Cactus), or some succulent Euphorbia. The flowers are produced on the summit of the plant, in form like the common Stapelias, of a yellow green, striped beautifully with blood-red; the summit being crowned with several of these beautiful flowers, give it a very interesting appearance. -Terratueca Hirsata. Hairy. (Bot. Reg. 67.) Tremandracee. Octo-Decan- dria Monogynia. From the Swan River Colony, It is a very neat greenhouse, shrubby plant; the foliage about the size of Pimelea decussata. It branches numerously, and produces a profusion of its pretty starry flowers. Each blossom is about an inch across, of a beautiful rosy pink, with blood-coloured centre. It la very freely, and is readily propagated. It deserves to be in every green- ouse. It may now be had at the principal nurseries. PLANTS NOTICED IN THE BoranicaL REGISTER, NOT FIGURED. CaurenrurtA HartweoiAna.—This perennial Amaryllidaceous plant is from New Granada. The flowers are produced in an umbel of about seven, the tubular portion of the flower green, and the other part of the corolla white. - Hasrantuvs Noxitis.—This splendid species has bloomed out of doors in front of a pine-stove at Rev. F. Belfield’s, Primley Hill, Torquay. Each spathe contains several flowers; tube green, limbs red, with some portion of greenish streaks outside, and whitish inside the flower. B2 20 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE, Trimezia Menimensts.—This plant was discovered on the snowy mountains of Merida. The flowers are of a yellow and buff, prettily spotted. Betuevanua Syr1aca.—Bulbs were received from Aleppo by the Hon. W. F. Strangways. It has bloomed at Spofforth. Tube pale blue, limb whitish be- neath, reddish above. GuapioLus Festiyus.—A Cape species, now in the Kew collection. Tube white, limb pale rose, suffused with streaks of pale yellow. Prantia Fuava.—A pretty little plant, named after our friend, Mr. Joseph Plant, florist, of Cheadle. It was raised from Cape seed at Spofforth, the packet being named Sisyrinchium Spec. Involucre of four pretty pale yellow flowers. Browerr1a Guaucyscens.—A native of an elevated portion of table-land, termed New England, on the south-eastern mountains of Australasia. It is of the Asphodelia section of plants. Flowers striated with white and red. Leocnivus Hzrsacevs—An orchideous plant, from La Guayra. It has been introduced to this country by George Wailes, Esq., of Newcastle. Sepals and petals green, with a single red stripe up the middle; lip white, tinged with green and banded with purple. The plant is of small size. Lrocuitus SanaurnoLentus.—Mr. Barker received this, too, from La Guyara. The flowers are small, but very handsome, having a deep crimson lip richly studded with clear purple spots. Epiwenprum Crraristes.—From the Spanish Main. Mr. Hartweg sent it to the London Horticultural Society. The panicle is about three feet long, and the flowers of a clear green with a whitish lip; they are very similar to those of E. Selligerum. Puycetta Ostusa.—From Peru. The umbel contains six flowers; base of the tube flesh-colour, the rest part green. New Puanrs szen at Nurseries, &c. Ar Messrs. Low anp Co.—In the stove and greenhouse we noticed the fol- lowing new and fine plants:— Bouvardia strigosa; Lisianthus longifolia ; Echites carassa ; Allamanda grandiflora; Portlandia hexandra; Ruellia ele- gans; Cuphea strigolosa; Reevesia thrysoidea; Veronicasalicifolia; Cestrum aurantiacum ; Scutellaria, said to be a blue-flowered species; Budlea Lindley- ana, the flowers are blue; Salvia alba, flowers white; Tacsonia sempervirens, and T. pinnata,—these are from California, and are stated to be hardy species ; Achimenes alba, a white-flowered species ; Ilex excelsior, from the Himalayan Mountains, quite hardy, a very beautiful and noble species; Ardisia Mexicana, avery noble-looking plant, the foliage being as large as a moderate-sized Mag- nolia grandiflora ; Ipomza Broadleyana, an hybrid, raised between I. rubro- cerulea and I. Horsfallie, a very beautiful hybrid ; Oldenlandia Deppei, from the Cape,—the flowers are white, like those of the white jasmine, Jasminium grandiflorum ; Chorozema, a new species, having a soft, hairy foliage, very Gelicate and neat; Brachysema villosa, a noble-looking plant, very superior in ge to any of the other species; Dryandra bipinnatifida, very pretty oliage. PART IIL. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. QUERIES. On Cutrure or THe Care Jasmine.—If some Correspondent would say the best way to treat the white Cape Jasmine to get it to flower freely, the ph Sa it requires, the winter treatment, situation, &e., it will much oblige Halifax, Nov. 29, 1844, A Novice. “MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 21 [In a compost of equal parts sandy peat and rich loam, both from turf which has been collected and laid in.a heap for several months, merely chopped up at time of potting, and having a free drainage, the plant will grow vigorously. It blooms freely when kept in a warm greenhouse, or in a gentle plant stove early in spring for a few weeks, and in June taken into the greenhouse. Keep it in a dry greenhouse during winter.—Connucror. ] On Srrenitzia Rucinz.—A lady who has been a Subscriber to the Frori- CULTURAL Cabinet from the commencement would be much obliged by being informed of the best means of propagating and managing the Strelitzia regine. She has a fine plant. which has been only top-dressed for five years, and now it appears capable of being parted ; but her gardener, not feeling confident in his knowledge of the plant, fears to disturb it, lest he should destroy the whole. An early notice of the request will greatly oblige. Ipswich, 1844. [Offsets taken off with roots, and repotted, soon become established. They scarcely exhibit any alteration at the time when first separated from the parent plant, nor does the latter receive the least injury by the process. We have increased many by the same process. The plants will flourish either in a stove or a warm greenhouse, and grow in large pots or boxes, well drained, in an enriched turfy loam. They will do well either placed on a trellis over a warm flue, or plunged in a bark-pit; the latter-is the better —Conpucror. ] On Waturtowers anp Srocxs.—It will greatly oblige a great many readers of your most useful work to inform them which is the best way of protecting the Double Wallflower and Stocks from the frosts this winter, as most of us are partial to these beautiful flowers; and most of us would like to know your opinion which kinds of Stock are the finest bloomers, and which come the most double, also which is the best time to sow the seed of Stocks to bloom in the best season. It will greatly oblige to give us information in your next number. Rs H..P: [Our correspondent has not been explicit enough as to his purposes: we beg, however, to inform him that to have early-blooming Stocks the tribe of Brompton’s furnish such, and to have later the Ten Weeks’. The former are biennial, enduring two years, the latter annual, or enduring only one year. The Brompton Stocks should be sown the first week in June, and when strong enough be planted out; if to be out of doors through winter, put them off where to bloom, and protect in winter by furze branches, pricked closely round and tied together, laying four or six inches of dry leaves over the roots, and surrounded by the furze branches, to keep the leaves in proper bounds. Where there is the advantage of a cool but dry frame, sume potted off at first, in small pots, and at the approach of winter placed in the frame, or the pots sunk in the ground close under a well-sheltered south-aspected wall, &c., will generally be preserved in any part of this kingdom. Such should be transplanted, entire, by the end of March, in the situations for blooming. There are a variety of colours. The Giant is a noble red one: we have seen spikes of flowers two feet long, and a separate blossom two inches across. These come into bloom, as do the other varieties, at the end of April, and continue to a la‘e period in summer. The Annual Stocks, viz., Ten Weeks’, Russian, German, &c., are of course raised by an early spring sowing, and transplanted out as early as possible; these come into bloom by the middle of June, and continue to September. There are numerous colours of these tribes, all well deserving cultivation. Wallflowers are readily preserved uninjured, in the same way as recommended to be adopted with Brompton Stocks,—Conpucror, | ~ On Heartskase A¥FECTED with Mitpew.—I am a great admirer of the Heaitsease, and have cultivated them for some years, but for the last three years I have experienced considerable vexation from losing several of my best kinds, from a kind of white mildew with which they have been affected, which spoils 22 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. the blooms and ultimately kills the plants. I am inclined to think it is an epidemic disease, as several of my neighbours’ heartsease have suffered from the same cause. Is the disease hereditary? I mean, will seedlings raised from plants affected be more likely to be attacked than others raised from plants not diseased ? From your invariable kindness in inserting the queries of correspondents, I have been induced to ask the favour of any suggestion you, or some reader, may be able to give as a remedy for the above disease, by which you will confer an obligation on many growers in this part of Kent. Cranbrook. G. M.S. [Dusting the plants over-head, and the under side of the foliage too, with common sulphur, we have found a perfect remedy. It costs but a trifle, and is readily done. In old stiffish soil, and confined, damp situations, the plants are liable to be affected with mildew. Each new plantation should be putin a fresh, well-enriched, loamy (if yellowish, the better) soil, on an open substratum. Ifa new plantation is made from the offsets of diseased plants, they should be well dusted with the sulphur, and planted in the manner above stated. If there should be appearances of an attack by mildew, the earliest attention to destroy it should be given, or it will rapidly spread. We hope some of the general cultivators of Heartsease will give us the results of their experience, in order more fully to meet the wishes of our correspondent. The disease is not inherent in the seed.—Conpucror.] REMARKS. Oren Carnation SHow.—Mr. Dickson, of Brixton, has determined on having an open show of Carnations and Picotees at the Bazaar in Baker-street, Port- man-square, London, similar to the splendid Dahlia Show which took place there last September; and it is hoped, in addition to the London, that the entire of the country growers will contribute on the occasion. The show, it is expected, will take place on or about July 25, 1849. Dianruus, Twexve Best Pinks ExuipireD 1N Lonvon 1n 1844.—Headley’s, Duke of Northumberland; Garrett’s Queen of Roses; Aker’s Lord Brougham; Ne- ville’s John Dickson; Sharp’s William Cobbett; Fairburn’s Bob Lawrence; Willmer’s Duchess of Kent; Garrett’s Alpha; Hodge’s Malonia; Creed’s President ; Willmer’s Elisabeth ; Coppin’s Wonder; Hodge’s Gem, A Lonpon AMaTEUR-GROWER. On CLERopENvRONS.—Last August, having four strong plants of Clerodendron fragrans, (or Volkameria fragrans,) and a good plant of C. splendens, I placed the plants of fragrans around the splendens, and inarched four branches of the latter upon the former; they soon united, and grew vigorously, more so than even the parent plant, and, I doubt not, but will furnish me with extra fine specimens of this beautiful flowering climber. I think this branch of inarching weakly kinds upon more vigorous ones is not attended to as its advantages en- title it. J. M‘Inrosu. To make Cuarcoar.—Having used Charcoal most advantageously in various composts for growing hot plants in, as recommended in the Cazinet, and in consequence ot having to procure it from a considerable distance, and no person near me, that I could find, understanding how to make it, I had a lot of black Italian poplar poles, cut down a year previously, cut up into lengths of about two feet. Having placed a portion of straw and some dry sticks on a few bricks for a floor, I had the lengths of poplar placed in an erect position, and so as to form acone. After lighting the materials, I covered the entire over with turf sods, allowing a few spaces for the escape of smoke. When the flame burst MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 23 forth in any place, I put over a piece of turf, and then spread a few inches of soil over the whole, to prevent the flame bursting forth, especially doing so late at night, so as jto be secure during the night. Thus I kept the heap burning several days, and accomplished my object in a quantity of good charcoal. The lightest kind of wood makes the best charcoal. J. P. Sroxes. On Winter Broomrna Pianrs.—The following handsome flowering plants have been found to bloom well in a temperature of 45 degrees, and to be a va- luable addition to our dwelling-room plants ; viz.:—Ardisia crenulata; Aphe- landra cristata; Euphorbia jacquiniflora and E. splendens; Justicia speciosa and coccinea ; Poinciania pulcherima, and the lovely blue Eranthemum pul- chellum, kept in the greenhouse through the summer and autumn, and now removed into the window of a sitting-room having a southerly aspect, will bloom for several weeks, Dec. 21st. s oe Tue Banxs1an Rosz.—This beautiful rose is often found shy of blooming. A remark upou it is inserted in a recent Number of the “ Gardener’s Chronicle,” where it is stated that, treated by Mr. Frost, gardener to Lady Grenyille of Dropmore, it annually blooms most freely. Mr. Frost states that it is customary to prune the plant in spring; but when so treated all the flowering wood is cut away, as it blooms only upon the one-year-old wood. The proper time for pruning it is midsummer, when the blooming is over; then new wood is formed in the subsequent part of the season, which will profusely bloom the following spring. Mr. Frost states that the more vigorous the plant is, and the more young wood is laid in after midsummer-pruning the finer the bloom will be, for there will be a cluster of roses at the extremity of every shoot which starts from the bosom of the leaves. On prantinc Evercreen Suruss.—Observing that it was recommended in the Canrner to plant evergreen Shrubs in autumn, from the middle of October to the end of November, the earlier the better it was stated ; I therefore planted a considerable number the last October, watering them at the roots when planted, and now they are growing beautifully; not a single plant even has failed. On former occasions I have planted in spring, at the end of March or early in April, and never but with the less of some: the cold dry easterly winds, affecting them before the roots had struck, always proved fatal. If a wet spring, then I found the Shrubs to succeed better, but I am confident early autumn planting is the best season for success to ensue—a moist atmosphere aiding the tops contributes to certain establishment. To prevent the shrubs from being ag by the wind in autumn or winter, I secured them by tying to stakes. An Amarrur. FLORICULTURAL CALENDAR FOR JANUARY. = one ae department should have good attendance during this month. The herbaceous kinds of plants will require occasional waterings, but less frequent and in less quantities than the woody kinds. Succulents, as Aloes, Sedums, &c., should be watered very sparingly, and only when the soil is very dry. When water is given it should be as much as will moisten atu the soil, where water is only given to moisten the soil an inch or two at the top and the other kept quite dry, the result is generally certain, namely, the death of the plant. The plan to be attended to is, water only when necessary, but a full supply when it is done, and water at the early part of the day so damp may be dried up before evening. Air should be admitted at all times when the weather is favourable, or the plants cannot be kept in a healthy state. When the weather is damp, foggy, &c., do not give air then, let a dry air only be admitted. If 24 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. any of the Oranges, Lemons, &c., have naked or irregular heads, towards the end of the month, if fine mild weather occur, begin to reclaim them to some uniformity by shortening the branches and head shoots; by this attention they will break out new shoots upon the old wood, and form a regular head; be repotted in rich compost in Apri, reducing the old ball of earth carefully, and replacing with new soil. After shifting, it would be of great use to the plants if the convenience of a glass case could be had in which to make a dung-bed that the pots might be plunged in; this would cause the plants to shoot vigorously, both at the roots and tops. Repot Amaryllis, &c. Tender and small kinds of plants should frequently be examined, to have the swrface of soil loosened, decayed leaves taken away ; or if a portion of a branch be decaying, cut it off immediately, or the injury may extend to the entire plant and destroy it. Gloxinias, Achimenes, &c., now beginning to push, should be potted singly. Riricalas should, at the end of the month, be top-dressed, taking off old soil an inch deep, and replacing it with new; give air freely when dry weather. Bulbs, as Hyacinths, &c., grown in water-glasses, require to be placed in an airy and light situation when coming into bloom. The water will require to be changed every three or four days, The flower-stem may be supported by splitting a stick at the bottom into four portions, so as it will fit tight round the edge of the glass at the top. Beds of Hyacinths, will require attention if severe weather occurs, also beds of Tulips, &e. The seed of Calceolarias should be sown at the end of the month, and be placed in a hot-bed frame, also cuttings or slips be struck, as they take root freely now. Sow Pentstemon. Seed doves best sown now in pots. Cuttings of Salvias, Fuchsias, Heliotropes, Geraniums, &c., desired for plant- ing out in borders or beds during spring and summer, should be struck in moist heat at the eud of the month, in order to get the plants tolerably strong by May, the season of planting out. Dauttas.— Dahlia roots, where great increase is desired, should now be potted, or partly plunged into a little old tan in the steve, or a frame, to forward them for planting out in May. As shoots push, take them off when four or five inches long, and strike them in moist heat. Seed, sow at the of month. Herbaceous Perennials, Biennials, &c., may be divided about the end of the month, and planted out where required. Hypranceas.—Cuttings of the end of the last year’s wood, that possess plump buds at their ends, should now be struck in moist heat; plant one cutting in a small pot (60’s). Mignonette, to bloom early in boxes or pots, or to turn out in the open borders, should now be sown. Rose Trees, Lilacs, Pinks, Hyacinths, Polyanthuses, Narcissus, Honeysuckles, Persian Lilacs, Primroses, Rhodoras, Persian Irises, Sweet Violets, Cinerarias, Hepaticas, Aconites, Jasmines, Azaleas, Lily of the Valley, Correas, Gardenias, Cyclamens, &c., should regularly be brought in for forcing. Tenper Annuats.—Some of the kinds, as Cockscombs, Amaranthuses, &c., for adorning the greenhouse in summer, should be sown by the end of the month. Ten-week Stocks, Russian and Prussian Stocks, &c., to bloom early, should be sown at the end of the mouth in pots, placed in a hot-bed frame, or be sown upon a slight hot-bed, also some other of the tender kinds, to prepare them strong for early summer blooming. Protect the stems of tender plants with Furze branches, dry leaves, &c. The stems of tender climbing Roses are screened by such precaution. Chrysanthemums, the heads of decayed flowers should be dried, and saved for the seed, which probably they possess, and be sown in spring and raised in a hot-bed frame. Protect beds of Tulips, Hyacinths, &c., Carnations, Polyanthuses, Auriculas, Pinks, Pansies, &c., with Furze, Fir branches, dry leaves, &c., or, if in pots, in frames. 1, Tuchu Aarvegsor 4 oY tS LUEEFY Lloricullural Cab27 el Lene at FAAMOCLLL 2 5 Py: vg — Ce ‘ “ete eitum —Lottraniurm a THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, FEBRUARY srt, 1845. PART I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. FUCHSIA, var. QUEEN VICTORIA. Tuts very fine variety was raised by us last year, and of its class far exceeds any other we have seen. It is of vigorous growth, and a profuse bloomer; its beautiful waxy-white tubes, and sepals tipped with green, in contrast with the rich colour of the corolla, are very strikingly exhibited, and produce a pretty effect. TROPAOLUM LOBBIANUM. Mr. Lobb, the collector of Messrs. Veitchs’, of Exeter, discovered this handsome species in Columbia, and plants of it bloomed during several months of the last summer in their nursery. It is an herba- ceous twining perennial, which grows vigorously, and blooms very freely ; it is one of the prettiest plants we have seen, well meriting to be a companion of the other beautiful kinds, and as it does best when trained to a wire, or similar trellis, is suited for exhibiting at the shows. Vou. XIII. No. 144. c 26 OBSERVATIONS ON WHITNEY’S PREPARED CALICO, &c. ARTICLE It. OBSERVATIONS ON WHITNEY’S PREPARED CALICO, &e. BY MR. JONES, GARDENER TO W. ROBINS, ESQ., OF HAGLEY HOUSE, NEAR STOUR- BRIDGE, IN WORCESTERSHIRE. SEEING all account, in the last December number of the Caninet, of a failure in trying to preserve a crop of Figs, by erecting a frame, covered with Whitney’s prepared Calico, over a tree growing against a wall, [ feel induced to state a few observations, as the paper above alluded to is written for the information of an Inquirer, but is caleu- lated rather to depreciate its value, than convey a fair and just idea of what it may be successfully used for. I reside many miles from Shrewsbury, but I was there in August last, and hearing of Mr. Whitney’s house, which he had erected, and covered with Calico pre- pared with his composition, I called to see it, and was exceedingly astonished to see the things in it growing so luxuriant, and looking so healthy. The house is divided into two parts, the one part is kept as a greenhouse, the other as a stove; but the greenhouse plants being chiefly out of doors, the stove was the greatest attraction, and contributed most to prove the utility of the material for horticultural purposes. It admitted a very good light into the house, and the atmosphere appeared very suitable for the growth of plants; and, according to Mr. Whitney, the temperature was more uniform than it generally is under glass structures, which may be easily accounted for, from there being fewer openings for the escape of the heated air. There were young vines, only planted in April, which had made a long and strong growth, and were then ripening their wood, and appeared all that could be desired ; one of them, a black Hamburgh, bore one bunch of fruit, of a good size, and remarkably well swelled berries,— it was then in the state of colouring. Cucumber plants were growing in a pit in the house, and were bearing and looking as well as I ever saw any under glass. The pit also contained a few Pine plants, which were in the midst of a vigorous growth; as well as many other kinds of plants, which seemed quite content with their situation. A plant of Passiflora hybrid was traversing the back part of the house, and flowering as profusely as it generally does in other suitable situations. But in respect to its durability, when put on Calico, I can say nothing, as Mr. Whitney remarked, that it OBSERVATIONS ON WHITNEY 'S PREPARED CALICO, &c. 27 required some stronger material for its reception; and has since, I believe, invented a cloth woven on purpose for the composition ; and from a specimen that I have seen, it appears strong, likely to be durable, and perfectly transparent: and, although Mr. Shaw says, it is “then questionable whether it will answer the end in view,” it is my opinion, that durability is all that is required further, to make it a most useful article for horticultural and floricultural purposes ; and as the time will soon be here, when plant growers will require all the room they can get, and perhaps some may wish to extend it on some economical plan, if it will not be trespassing too much on time and space, I will endeavour io point out a few ways that it may be suc- cessfully made use of. Pits may be erected, the walls composed of brick, stone, turf, or even mud, with a little straw or hay mixed, to make it hang together ; but mud walls should be prepared in summer, that they may get thoroughly dry before winter, they would not answer to be made now; the lights for these pits, if not covered with Whitney’s patent cloth, may be covered with something stronger than Calico; if thicker, and a little darker, it will not so much matter for these purposes, and a coat of the composition put on and got dry, ready for moving some of the common and hardy greenhouse plants into, in the early part of spring, to give those that are coming into bloom a better chance and more room. All sorts of greenhouse plants will do well in these pits, if frost can be kept from them; after these plants haye been removed into the open air, which will be towards the end of May, or beginning of June, these pits may be turned to good account, by putting some loose stones in the bottom, and over that sandy peat a foot thick, and planting out some of the hard wooded greenhouse plants into it, such as Boronias, Chorizemas, Pimelias, choice Azaleas, Heaths, &c. They make specimens sooner this way than any other. Give water when planted, and afterwards when required; let the lights be over them to shade them from the bright scorching sun, and to shelter them from heavy rains, and take them off all fine evenings, and let them remain off during the nights when the weather is settled fine, to receive the benefit of the dews; in autumn they can be taken up with care, and potted in good sized pots, and put to stand in the pits, until they are wanted for the other plants again. Temporary frames of the same material will do for , raising tender annuals or hotbeds; also for hardening them out for c2 « 28 OBSERVATIONS ON WHITNEY’S PREPARED CALICO, &C. the flower garden, and for striking Dahlias, and other cuttings under. To shade and shelter beds and stages of florist flowers ; and for many other purposes it will be useful to the florist, as it is a good protec- tion, and the light it admits is not so strong as to fade the colours. For covering frames in the shape of hand-glasses ; for propagating under out of doors through the summer months, for this purpose they are preferable to glass; there is many ready ways to form these kind of frames, and they will soon suggest themselves to any one that sets about it. The kitchen gardener may use this material for raising early Potatoes, Salading, &c.; for raising seeds that require protection, as well as for Cucumber and Melon frames, if not very early in the season; for the last purpose it should be as transparent as possible ; and IT must observe that the lights should, in all cases, have the greatest degree of elevation, or pitch of the roof, that reason will admit, so that it may dry quickly after rain; and air should be given every favourable opportunity to dry the condensed vapour of the under surface, otherwise fungus will begin to grow, and decay soon follow. This material may also be used for protecting the blossoms of wall trees, but after they have been covered for several days, or perhaps weeks, with such a covering, much greater caution is required in removing them than is generally taken, and it should, by no means, be done at once ; but I have not room to say more of this at present. To use it for any of the purposes I have named will not be expensive to those who wish to try it, and then they will be able to form their own judgment as to what further use it may be applied to. These few remarks fall far short of doing justice to the merits of Mr. Whitney’s invention ; but T think Mr. W. deserves, at least, the good-will of all who are interested in gardening, for the interest he has taken in endeavouring to carry out his invention, whereby to place in the hands of those who had it not before, the means of spending their leisure hours in such a favourite amusement, and also extending it to those who were already engaged in it: under these feelings I have great pleasure in contributing my testimony, of what I have seen of it, to the pages of your most useful publication. Mr. Shaw says so little of his treatment to his tree after he erected the covering, that I cannot say what was most likely to be the cause of his failure ; but if he did not make use of the syringe freely every a espe ON THE TREATMENT OF LESCHENAULTIA FORMOSA. 29 day, as well as give plenty of water to the roots, he need not be sur- prised at his fruit falling off, and the leaves becoming brown; if he had erected glass, and had not supplied the tree well with water, no doubt every leaf would have fallen from the tree in such a summer as the last was. ARTICLE III. REMARKS ON THE TREATMENT OF LESCHENAULTIA FORMOSA. BY MR. J. D. WILSON, OF BECKFORD, IN GLOUCESTERSHIRE. OssERvVING an article on the culture of Leschenaultias, by C. C., of Somerset, inserted in last December number, and although the obser- vations are sensible, as far as they go, yet the subject does not go far enough in detail for the entire management. I haye had the pleasure, for several years, of annually seeing the splendid specimens shown at the London exhibitions, and obtaining the particulars of management from the gardener who there exhibited the finest and most perfect plant of L. formosa, and having pursued the same mode of treatment most successfully with several plants, during the last two seasons, [ am induced to forward the particulars of the mode of treatment pursued. In March, 1843, having four healthy young plants growing in thirty-two sized pots, I had them potted in twenty-four’s, as follows :— The compost was formed of the following proportions ; viz., one-half rough turfy sandy peat, one-sixth silver sand, and the rest of rich yellow turfy loam, and a scattering of bits of charcoal. The soils had been obtained a year before in a turfy state, and been chopped up and turned two or three times. I had a drainage of broken pots, 14 inch deep, and over them some bits of chopped sod, to prevent the compost becoming mixed with the drainage, so as to prevent a free passage for the water to filter away. I removed a portion of the old ball, and then potted the plants carefully in the compost, keeping the crown of the roots as high as the rim of the pot, so that the water drains slightly away from the stem of the plant. When this precau- tion is not observed the plant is somewhat liable to perish. After potting I placed the plants in a light and airy part of the greenhouse, giving a judicious attention to watering. In the last week in J uly I 30 REMARKS ON THE CULTURE OF THE RANUNCULUS. found the pots so filled with roots, that I re-potted the plants into sixteen-sized pots, keeping the balls entire. I retained them in the greenhouse till the end of August, when I placed them in a sheltered situation for about a month, to harden the shoots, and prepare them for the winter’s cool temperature. During winter I had them in the coolest, but lightest, situation; as I have observed where the plants are treated with more than just kept from frost, they draw up weakly, become unsightly, and are soon damaged by wet, or other casualty. In March following I again re-potted them, as done previously, into the next larger sized pots, in which I kept them till August last, then put them into eights, in which they now are, perfect specimens of successful growth. The plants when young had nice leading shoots, I had them secured toa central stick, and thus continued the training, so that each plant forms a handsome and regular cone of branches, from the broadest at the base to the summit. Each plant is now three feet high, or a little more, above the rim of the pot. When in bloom they were one blaze of rich crimson, and most beauteous specimens, amply repaying for the attention I had given. Thinking it advisable to have an annual stock of two new plants, in case of the decease of the old plants, I had some other young ones potted in March last, and in all other respects subsequently properly treated during the past season. I purpose continuing to pursue this course of provision, and so dispense with the old ones when they become unsightly from any casualty, or die away. I have two plants of the delightful blue L. biloba, in course of similar treatment, and in order to render them bushy, I have stopped the leads of the shoots, excepting the central one, and they now are fine vigorous specimens. ARTICLE IV. REMARKS ON THE CULTURE OF THE RANUNCULUS. BY MR. JAMES HAMILTON, OP ALMONDBURY, YORKSHIRE. I nave been pleased to notice remarks from time to time have been inserted on the cultivation of that universally admired lovely little flower, the Ranunculus, and was pleased with the plain and sensible remarks given by Mr. Lockhart, in a recent number of this maga- zine. I have been a Ranunculus grower for about twenty years, REMARKS ON THE CULTURE OF THE RANUNCULUS. 31 and during that time have had an opportunity of ascertaining what mode of treatment is successful. The natural situation where the common wild Ranunculus flourishes, is where the soil is a light but rich yellowish loam, as is observable in the summer season, in the deep soil of the rich meadows of our own country ;—a soil that is cool and moist, during the heat of summer, even to the depth of half a yard, or more, and yet the soil at the surface is of that open sandy character as not to crack; thus preventing, what is always injurious to the fibrous roots, viz., being broken by the rending of the soil that cracks during the growing season. In order to have a bed constructed of a similar character to grow mine in, I formed one, in 1830, as follows :—The first week in February I had the soil of my garden dug out to the depth of two feet; at the bottom I laid six inches of fresh turfy loam, chopped into pieces of about four inches diameter. In the preceding autumn [ had a quantity of the same kind of turfy loam procured, and laid about half a yard thick in the back yard of my garden, and from the field and cow-yard I had fresh cow-dung procured, and laid upon the soil to the depth of six inches, and as soon as spread over a portion of the soil to the depth named, I had the soil under it turned over and incorporated together; and so pro- ceeded successively till I had through winter a sufficient quantity prepared to fill up the excavation for a bed twenty four yards long. The heap was turned over several times previous to filling in the bed in February. This compost is rich, light, but cooling with the cow- dung, and being distributed particularly throufhout the soil, com- bines to form a compost in which I have not failed a single season, since 1830, to grow and bloom the Ranunculus, unequalled by any other I have seen; and | hesitate not to assert, whoever follows the same system in preparing the bed, and the following method of planting, &c., will obtain a vigorous bloom. In the first week of February I had the space for the bed filled up, even with the surrounding ground, with the compost, well breaking it as cast in. A week afterwards J had the surface made even, and then three inches deep of fresh sandy loam from the bank of a hedge, spread over the whole; in this I plant my roots, at six inches apart, in rows, covering them two inches deep. When the dry weather sets in I cover the surface between the plants with a mixture of half sand and half loam—this prevents the bed from cracking, and the 32 oN INARCHING THE MARCHIONESS OF EXETER CAMELLIA, &C. interior of the bed being so deep with the cooling retentive compost, I have not had my plants suffer in the least degree by drought, since I adopted the system pursued, whilst at the same time I have observed others perishing by multitudes. On taking up my roots, which are always fine, I find the fibres abound quite at the bottom of the bed. I can most strongly recom- mend the above as the best plan I have known practised; and as a well-bloomed collection, with their lovely and varied hues, presents one of the most interesting and pleasing sights, I trust more readers of the Casinet will be induced to cultivate, what has been denomi- nated the most lovely of floral beauties. ARTICLE V. ON INARCHING THE MARCHIONESS OF EXETER CAMELLIA ON THE CAMELLIA RETICULATA. BY MR. GEORGE REYNOLDS, GARDENER AT ABDALE HOUSE, FLINTSHIRE. A rieure of the fine Marchioness of Exeter Camellia appearing in the CazineT several years back, and being so much pleased with it, I procured from Jersey, where it was raised, a good plant in 1840 ; it grew vigorously, and bloomed finely in the spring of 1841, and made a noble growth that season. Having two good plants off the very large flowering species C. reticulata, it struck me that if I inarched the Marchioness of Exeter variety upon the stock of the reticulata it would improve its size; I did so in 1842, and in 1843 the plant bloomed well, but not larger than the mother plant. It bloomed again the last season, and its blossoms were considerably larger than those on the parent plant. I am persuaded, from the success I had in the much-improved size of the one tried, that if others, say some of the most beautiful kinds, were worked upon stocks of the C. reticulata, the size would be greatly improved. It has annually been a practice with me to thin the flower buds, where there were more than one in a place, by only retaining one—the bud was certain to remain, and the blossoms to be finer; but. when more are retained, that is twin flowers, or even more in a place, they are very liable prematurely to fall off. I thin away the buds when they are about as large as a marrow pea. My Marchioness of Exeter Camellia, worked as above described, is now finely budded, and THE HISTORY OF GARDENING, 33 when in bloom I will forward to the Conductor of this magazine a bloom. I grew my Camellias in chopped turfy loam, at least six months previously collected ; this is well incorporated with turfy sandy peat, old rotten cow manure, and a sprinkling of bits of charcoal. I have a free drainage of broken pot and pieces of turf. I never have soil sifted. By this, and a regular attention to watering, my plants are very vigorous, and.in robust health. ARTICLE VI. ON THE WANT OF LACING IN PINKS DURING THE PAST SEASON. BY DIANTHUS. Wuen up in London this season, I attended all the first-rate flower exhibitions, and being an admirer and grower of the best kinds of Pinks, I paid attention to my pet flowers exhibited, I was much surprised to notice that in general there was much deficiency in the lacing of the petals. This I supposed was induced by the dryness of the season, and a deficiency of watering. My Pinks never did better ; I grow them in a sandy loam, well enriched. I had the beds well watered to six inches deep once a week, and after sunset, before the flowers expanded, I had the plants sprinkled over, by means of a watering-can having a rose, with soft water. This attention was amply repaid by a most beautiful and perfect bloom. ARTICLE VII. THE HISTORY OF GARDENING. BY CLERICUS. GaxpeNiNnc was probably one of the first arts that succeeded to that of building houses, and naturally attended property and individual possession. Culinary, and afterwards medicinal herbs were the objects of every head of a family: it became convenient to have them within reach, without seeking them at random in woods, in meadows, and on mountains, as often as they were wanted. When the earth ceased to furnish spontaneously all these primitive luxuries, and culture became requisite, separate inclosures for rearing herbs grew 34 THE HISTORY OF GARDENING. expedient. Fruits were in the same predicament, and those most in use or that demanded attention, must have entered into and extended the domestic inclosure. The good man Noah, we are told, planted a vineyard, drank of the wine, and was drunken, and every body knows the consequences. Thus we acquired kitchen gardens, orchards, and vineyards. I am apprised that the prototype of all these sorts was the garden of Eden; but as that Paradise was a good deal larger than any we read of afterwards, being inclosed by the rivers Pison, Gihon, Hiddekel, and Euphrates, as every tree that was pleasant to the sight and good for food grew in it, and as two other trees were likewise found there, of which not a slip or sucker remains, it does not belong to the present discussion. After the Fall, vo man living was suffered to enter into the garden; and the poverty and necessities of our first ancestors hardly allowed them time to make improvements in their estates in imitation of it, supposing any plan had been preseryed. ’ iy lh a wins i UO. wis ene deest, ae wt ue Signea 4 . Ae 4 sr peta Pa Ligy ny nie 427 vither: bi, Bt the eysitd- aioe He Sohn UW ot bettie voted ctine i. ering he JOR Bee atc all » aD, idva Lois ain tA € aye ) ngyie ! fiat : ved epee? Pialisc instaveGes. © w Mave. Taal ve he ey anh a i- = ( ined Rd vine leip 208° Fach} iy Memes) ae ee it bint Sr.) i hae avec 3 hide at a let ridora POaP OEE wets Ewes tL oo ders a? ; % - “He un bas eve aM Ey ta * ; phar : ‘ iG MA 008 th Se AES cabs, ony a fa done if louty jag wn) gs y y ae att P 4) ‘ap eae si Ww reat: rs no ae é ike Bi ie Sd a6 i ae fits wey aphred | AF Oath why ph ‘ba ay iris Bebo Y ve aD bdo } BA Slote Bt! ‘be Tauggey ewes o} ey ‘ari thot SE un * \ Vans oe ast a} us ih ik pioi - | } me Sus Seu bis vs ylo—ungne wea A ruleigytond Joidere ”* ‘ Sy, ee: Pay a ge , LE : OO ; es ; Ue 4 Manievlliz Tumvcieied. 2, Ga Yl Nett SACMMOGUQMLPLALIIR 4, Pipricultural Cabinet May L1G#6, THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, MAY Ist, 1845. PART I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. 1. MANDEVILLIA SUAVEOLENS. Ir is a native of South America, and is one of the prettiest conserva- tory or warm greenhouse climbing plants. It grows and blooms very freely, producing numerous snowy-white sweet-scented flowers, very interesting and ornamental. The plant well merits a place as a neat and valuable climber wherever it can be grown. It may now be pro- cured at a reasonable price. | 9, GAYLUSSACCIA PSEUDOVACCINEUM,—(Synonym Andromeda coccinea. ) ‘ This very pretty flowering evergreen shrub is a native of the sandy plains of Brazil. It flourishes freely in the greenhouse in this _coun- try, treated in all respects as are the Cape Ericas. We have seen it thriving well in the collection of Messrs. Loddiges, of Hackney Nur- sery. It well merits a place in every greenhouse. Those of our readers who know the habit and beauty of most of the Andromedas will at once conceive the present plant is well worth cultivating. Vou. XIII. No. 147. 1 98 OBSERVATIONS ON THE BROOM. ARTICLE II. OBSERVATIONS ON THE BROOM, BY FLORA, Nor haying noticed any observations in the Canivet relative to the Broom as one of the most ornamental shrubs that adorn the pleasure ground, plantation, or forest wood, induces me to transmit the remarks below. I have a peculiar attachment to the old yellow flowering Broom of our own country, and have an immense quantity forming belts at the sides of several large woods and plantations, besides a proportion in my shrubbery. When in bloom they are a mass of beauty, and when out always look cheerful, and afford an evergreen under shelter. I sowed seed, which is very cheap; in the situations I wished to orna- ment, and in the second year they bloomed very profusely. To en- courage others to grow it in all its kinds is my present object. It is delightful to grow it by road sides; walks, in drives, &c., in woods. The following interesting particulars upon it are selected from the pen of a celebrated author, and their admission into the Casiner will, I think, be pleasing to the readers. English, broom.—Frrench, le genét ; le genét a balais.— Italian, sparzio; scopa; ginestra; scornabecco; all referring to its use as besoms.* The Brooms are very ornamental shrubs, with few leaves, but an abundance of brilliant and elegant flowers; they strike a deep root, but are too handsome to be rejected where room can be afforded for them. ~~ The violet-colowred ha& no leaves, and is uSuilly called the leafless Btoom; it was found by Pallas id the Wolga Desert. The Spanish Broom has yellow—the Portugal, white blossoms. The white-flowered, one-seeded kind, is a native both of Spain and Portugal. “ It con- * The family of Plantagenet took the name from this shrub, which they wore as their device. It has been said that Fulk, the first Earl of Anjou of that name, being stung with remorse for some wicked action, went on pilgrimage to Jerusalem as a work of atonement, where, being soundly scourged with broom-twigs, which grew plentifully on the spot, he ever after took the surname of Plantagenet, or Broom-plant, which was retained by his noble posterity. OBSERVATIONS ON THE BROOM. 99 yerts the most barren spot into a fine odoriferotis garden,” says Mr. Martyn, speaking of this species. All the species here named will eidure the cold without shelter ; they do not like much wet. Our common Broom surpasses many of the foreign kinds in beauty ; indeed few shrubs are more magnificent than this evergreen, With its profusion of bright golden blossoms. ** On me such beauty summer pours That I am covered o’er with flowers ; And when the frost is in the sky My branches are so fresh and gay That you might look at me, and say, This plant can never die. x * %* * The butterfly, all green and gold, To me hath often flown, Here in my blossoms to behold Wings lovely as his own.” Wordsworth, They are the delight of the bees; and the young buds, while yet green, are pickled like capers. It is said that the branches are of service in tanving leather, and that a kind of coarse cloth is manu- factured from them. The young shoots are mixed with hops in brewing, and the old wood is valuable to the cabineét-maker. Brooms are made from this shrub, and from their name it is supposed to have furnished the first that were made. “ Where yon brown hazels pendent catkins bear, And prickly futze unfolds its blossoms fair ; The vagrant artist off at eve reclines; And broom’s green shoots iti besoriis neat combines.” Scott, In the north of Great Britain it is used for thatching cottages, corn, and hay- -ricks, and making fences. In some parts of Scotland, Wheté codls dnd wood ate Scatce, whole fields are ‘sown With it for fuel. But the Scotch have long been dwaré Of the poetry as well as the litility Of this bedtitiful shrub. The Burden of one of theif most popular songs is well known :— 12 100 OBSERVATIONS ON THE BROOM. *< O the broom, the bonny bonny broom, The broom of the Cowden-knows ; For sure so soft, so sweet a bloom Elsewhere there never grows.” Burns lauds it, too, in one of his songs, written to an Irish air, which was a great favourite with him, called the Humours of Glen :— ** Their groves of sweet myrtle let foreign lands reckon, Where bright beaming summers exalt the perfume ; Far dearer to me yon lone glen o’ green breckan, Wi’ the burn stealing under the lang yellow broom. ‘* Far dearer to me are yon humble broom bowers, Where the blue-bell and gowan Jurk lowly unseen ; For there lightly tripping amang the sweet flowers, A listening the linnet, oft wanders my Jean.” ‘¢ *T'was that delightful season, when the broom Full-flowered, and visible on every steep, Along the copses runs in veins of gold.” Wordsworth. Thomson speaks of it as a favourite food of kine. It flowers in May and June. * Yellow and bright, as bullion unalloyed, Her blossoms.” Broom makes a pleasant shade for a lounger in the summer ; it seems to embody the sunshine, while it intercepts its heat. “ To noontide shades incontinent he ran, Where purls the brook with sleep-inviting sound ; Or, when Dan Sol to slope his wheels began, Amid the broom he basked him on the ground, Where the wild thyme and camomile are found.” Castle of Indolence. Mr. Horace Smith speaks of it as poisonous, yet most of the species are eaten by cattle; some are particularly recommended as a food for kine. The Base Broom, or Green-weed, is said to embitter the milk of the cows that eat of it; but, from the bitterness of the plant itself, they commonly refuse it. OBSERVATIONS ON THE BROOM. 101 * Willows and humble broom afford either browse for the cattle, or shade for the shepherds, and hedges for the fields, and food for bees.” Martyn’s Translation. The poet is supposed to intend the Spanish Broom in this passage, which grows plentifully in some parts of Italy, and of which the Italians weave the slender branches into baskets. Virgil speaks of it as the “ bending Broom.” In England the Broom has generally a kind of sharp and arrow-like straightness ; in Italy, where it rises higher than in this country, the branches being very slender do not support themselves so stiffly. Clorin, in the Faithful Shepherdess, reproves “ the lazy clowns That feed their heifers in the budded brooms.” Mr. Seward observes, in a note upon this passage, that this instance of laziness is taken from Spenser’s Shepherd’s Calendar for Feb- ruary, and supposes it to mean that they leave their herds among the Broom, which grows on the worst soil, instead of driving them into the best pastures. ‘¢ So loitering live you little herd-grooms, g y g Keeping your beasts in the budded brooms.” Spenser. Dr. Hall complains much of the negligence of the farmers in taking so little heed to check the growth of thistles, furze, broom, &c., even in the fields in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh. “It is well known,” says he, “ that the seeds of thistles, rag-weed, and the like, are blown with the wind, and that though furze, as Lord Kaimes ob- serves, is the only shrub in Britain that flowers all the year round ; and Broom in bloom is one of the most beautiful shrubs we have, and appears like gold at a distance, yet they ought, if possible, to be completely extirpated out of those parts of the country where sheep are not reared,” Browne alludes to the use of Broom in thatching :-— © Among the flags below there stands his coate, A simple one, thatched o’er with reed and broom ; It hath a kitchen, and a several room For each of us,” Britannia’s Pastorals. 102 OBSERVATIONS ON THE BROOM, _A Russian poet speaks of the Broom as a tree :— ‘‘ See there upon the broom-tree’s bough The young grey eagle flapping now.” Bowring’s Russian Anthology. The blossom of the common Broom closely resembles that of the furze, both in form and colour—that furze which sheds such a lustre over our heaths and commons, and at sight of which, it is said, Dillenius fell into a perfect ecstasy. In many parts of Germany the furze-bush is unknown. Gerarde says, that about Dantzic, Bruns- wick, and in Poland, there was not a sprig of either Furze or Broom ; and it is really a striking sight to come suddenly upon a common, glowing, as it were, in one great sea of gold. Gerarde adds, that, in compliance with earnest and repeated) entreaties, he sent seeds to these places, and that the plants raised from them were curiously kept in the finest gardens. Furze bears various names in different parts of England : Furze in the south, Whin in the east, and Gorse in the north. . “ The prickly gorse that, shapeless and deformed, And dangerous to the touch, has yet its bloom, And decks itself with ornaments of gold.”? . Cowper’s Task. “* Or from yon swelling downs, where sweet air stirs Blue harebells lightly, and where prickly furze Buds lavish gold.” Keats’s Endymion. St. Pierre eyidently alludes to the furze-bush in the following passage :—‘* I saw in Brittany a vast deal of uncultivated land ; nothing grows upon it but Broom, and a shrub, with yellow flowers, which ‘appeared to me a composition of thorns. The country people called it Lande, or San; they bruise it to feed their cattle. The Broom serves only to heat their ovens. It might be turned to better account. ‘The Romans made cord of it, which they preferred to hemp, for their shipping.”’—/S¢. Pierre’s Voyage to the Isle of France. OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTURE OF FLOWERS. 103 ARTICLE III. OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTURE OF FLOWERS, &c., BY SARAH ELIZABETH. Ir has afforded me much pleasure to observe, that ever since the first number of the FLoricutturau Caerner there has been an increasing attention given to the cultivation of flowers, both in exotics and hardy kinds. The very cheering change in the present season excites eyen talent, floral habits, and propensities, and urges to the delightful and health- ful pleasures of the flower-garden. I very recently met with the following remarks on the culture of flowers, which when taken in connexion with the now delightful spring season, I was so much pleased with them as to be duced to forward them for insertion in the May number. When summer’s delighful season arrives, rarely in this country too warm to be enjoyed throughout the day in the open air, there is nothing more grateful than a profusion of choice flowers around and -within our dwellings. The humblest apartments, ornamented with these beautiful productions of nature, have, in my view, a more de- lightful effect than the proudest saloons with gilded ceilings and hangings of Genoa velvet. The richness of the latter, indeed, would be heightened, and their elegance increased, by the judicious intro- duction of flowers and foliage with them. The odour of flowers, the cool appearance of the dark green leaves of some species, and the beautiful tints and varied forms of others, are singularly grateful to - the sight, and refreshing at the same time. Vases of Etruscan mould, containing plants of the commonest kind, offer those lines of beauty which the eye delights in following ; and variform leaves hanging festooned over them, and shading them if they be of a light colour, with a soft grateful hue, add much to their pleasing effect. These decorations are simple and cheap. Lord Bacon, whose magnificence of mind exempts him from eyery objection as a model for the rest of mankind (in all but the unfortu- nate error to which, perhaps, his sordid pursuit in life led him, to the degradation of his nobler intellect), was enthusiastically attached to flowers, and kept a succession of them about him in his study and at 104 OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTURE OF FLOWERS. _ his table. Now the union of books and flowers is more particularly agreeable. Nothing, in my view, is half so delightful as a library set off with these beautiful productions of the earth during summer, or, indeed, any season of the year. A library or study, opening on green turf, and having the view of a distant rugged country, with a peep at the ocean between hills, a small fertile space forming the nearest ground, and an easy chair and books, is just as much of local enjoyment as a thinking man can desire. I reck not if under a thatched or slated roof, to me it is the same thing. A favourite author on my table, in the midst of my bouquets, and I speedily forget how the rest of the world wags. I fancy I am enjoying nature and art together, a consummation of luxury that never palls upon the appe- tite—a dessert of uncloying sweets. There is something delightful in the use which the Eastern pocts, particularly the Persian, make of flowers in their poetry. Their allusions are not casual, and in the way of metaphor and simile only ; they seem really to hold them in high admiration. I am not aware that the flowers of Persia, except the rose, are more beautiful or more various than those of other countries. Perhaps England, in- cluding her gardens, green-houses, and fields, having introduced a vast variety from every climate, may exhibit a list unrivalled, as a whole, in odour and beauty. Yet flowers are not with us heldin such high estimation as among the Orientals, if we are to judge from their poets. Bowers of roses and flowers are perpetually alluded to in the writings of Eastern poets. The Turks, and indeed the Orientals in ~ general, have few images of voluptuousness without the richest flowers contributing towards them. The noblest palaces, where gilding, damask, and fine carpeting abound, would be essentially wanting in luxury without flowers. It cannot be from their odour alone that they are thus identified with pleasure; it is from their union of ex- quisite hues, fragrance, and beautiful forms that they raise a senti- ment of yoluptuousness in the mind; for whatever unites these qualities can scarcely do otherwise. Whoever virtuously despises the opinion that simple and cheap pleasures, not ouly good, but in the very best taste, are of no value because they want a meretricious rarity, will fill their apartments with a succession of our better garden flowers. It has been said that OBSERVATIONS ON THE CULTURE OF FLOWERS. 105 flowers placed in bed-rooms are not wholesome. Plucked and put into water they quickly decay, and, doubtless, give out a putrescent air; when alive and growing there need not be any danger appre- hended from them, provided fresh air is frequently introduced. For spacious rooms the better kinds, during warm weather, are those which have a large leaf and bossy flower. Large leaves have a very agreeable effect on the senses; their rich green is grateful to the sight ; of this kind, the Hydrangea is remarkably well adapted for apartments, but it requires plenty of water. Those who have a greenhouse connected with their dwellings, have the conveniences, by management, of changing their plants as the flowers decay; those who have not, and yet have space to afford them light and occasion- ally air, may rear most of those kinds under their own roofs, which may be applied for ornament in summer. Vases of plaster, modelled from the antique, may be stained any colour most agreeable to the fancy, and fitted with tin cases to contain the earthen pots of flowers, to prevent the damp from acting on them, will look exceedingly well. The infinite variety of Roses, including the Guelder Rose, the Rhododendron, and other plants of similar growth, are fitted for the saloon, but they please best in the library. They should be inter- mingled with the bookcases, and stands filled with them should be placed wherever practicable. They are a wonderful relief to the student. There is always about them a something that infuses a sensation of placid joy, cheering and refreshing. Perhaps they were first introduced at festivals, in consequence of their possessing this quality. A flower-garden is the scene of pleasurable feelings of in- nocence and elegance. The introduction of flowers into our rooms infuses the same sensations, but intermingles them more with our domestic comforts; so that we feel, as it were, in closer contact with them. The succession might be kept up for the greater part of the year; and even in winter evergreens will supply their places, and, in some respects, contrast well with the season. Many fail in preserving the beauty of plants in their apartments, because they do not give them sufficient light ; some species do well with much less light than others. Light is as necessary to them as air. They should not be too often shifted from one place to another. Those who will take the trouble may quicken ‘the growth of some plants, so as to have spring flowers in winter. Thus autumn and spring might be con- 106 ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSES IN POTS. nected; and flowers blooming in the winter of our gloomy climate possess double attractions. For my own part I manage very well without the pe el of a greenhouse. The evergreens serye me in winter. Then the Lilacs come in, followed by the Guelder Rose and Woodbine, the latter trained in a pot upon circular trellis-work. After this there can be no difficulty in choosing, as the open air offers every variety. I arrange all my library and parlour-plants in a room in my dwelling- house, facing the south, having a full portion of light, and a fire- place. I promote the growth of my flowers for the early part of the year by steam-warmth, and haying large tubs and boxes of earth I am at no loss, in my humble conseryatory, for attending them is all my own, and is one of those employments which neyer appear laborious. Those who haye better conveniences may proceed on a large scale ; but I contriye to keep up a due succession, which to a floral epicure is everything. To beaday in the year without seeing a flower is a novelty to me; and I am persuaded much more might be done with my humble means than I have effected, had I sufficient leisure to attend to the retarding or forcing them. I coyer every space in my sitting-room with the beautiful fairy things of creation, and take so much delight in the sight of them, that I cannot help recommending those of limited incomes, like myself, to follow my example and be their own nurserymen. The rich might easily obtain them without ; but what they procure by gold the individual of small means must obtain by industry. I know there are persons to whom the flowers of Paradise would be objects of indifference; but who can imitate or envy such? They are grovellers, whose coarseness of taste is only fitted for the grossest food of life. The pleasures “des Fleurs et des Livres” are, as Henry IV. observed of his child, “ the property , of all the world.” REVIEW. Observations on the Cultivation of Roses in Pots, by W. Paul; Nurseries, Cheshunt, Herts. Published by Sherwood and Co., London. pp. 32. . (Continued from page 61.) Bourzon.—This class of Roses is truly elegant. It has also been much extended lately, and become more varied, by the introduction ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSES IN POTS, 107 of many purple, crimson, and blush roses. Before the appearance of these, the Bourbons were nearly all of a rose colour, Probably the dark varieties now obtained haye something of the Chinese in them: but should the crossing not affect their hardiness, which I venture to predict it will not, they will rival, and, in one point (profusion of bloom), surpass their progenitors. The colours of the Bourbon Roses are very clear; the petals smooth, thick, and Jarge, and generally well-formed. * Amarantine, lively rose. Armosa, fine bright pink. Augustine Lelieur, vivid, even rose. Celimene, fine clear blush. Comte de Rambuteau, clear reddish violet. Coupe d’Hebe, deep rose. Delille (new), deep rose, finely formed. *Desiré Roussell, clear flesh. Dumont du Courset, very deep crimson, often shaded. George Cuiver, bright cherry, edged with clear rose. Gloire de Paris, bright dark crimson violet. Grand Capitaine, rich carmine. Madame Nerard, silvery pink blush. Madame Souchet, pale rose when opening, often edged with lake. Paul Joseph, superb velvety crimson. Princess Clementine, violet red, changing to purple. Queen, buff rose, fine. rs Souchet, large, rich crimson purple. Souvenir de Dumont—d’Urville, cherry, changing to violet. Speciosa, full, shaded rose. Theresia Margat, bright pale rose. Virgil, rose, finely formed. (T.) Curese, or Bencater.—Among the Autumnal Roses these are very valuable, being continually in flower, They group ad- mirably with the Tea-scented; and their colours being, in part, those which are deficient among the latter, they are the more to be valued. The Lawrencianas are very pretty Roses, but do not group well 108 ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSES IN PCTs. with any others. A few varieties will be given here; for when the plants become of some size, and are covered with their diminutive buds and blossoms, they are really interesting objects. They delight in a light sandy soil. Abbé Mioland, rosy purple, striped. Alba, or white. Angustine Hersent, deep pink. Cramoisie superieure, bright velvety crimson. Duchess of Kent, white, edged with rose. *Fabvier, scarlet. Madame Breon, large brilliant rose. Madame Chavent, large, rosy pink. Madame de Rohan, blush white. Mrs. Bosanquet, beautiful pale flesh. Napoleon, large blush pink. Prince Eugene, crimson purple. Reine de Lombardie, rose, blush and crimson, variable. LAWRENCIANAS. Alba Minor, white. Caprice des Dames, pink. Fairy, pale rose. La Laponne, bright pink. Pumila, rose. Rubra, brilliant crimson. (T.) Tra-scentep.—These are, in fact, but a selection from the Chinese, on account of their peculiar odour and shining foliage, They are well suited for growing in pots. They are tender, and should have some protection from frost in winter. The best way of growing these and the preceding class is, perhaps, in pits, as previously advanced, where they may be sheltered from the cold nights or rough weather, at any season, by placing the lights on. They are excellent forcing Roses, and more admired than any others when grown in pots, the tints being rich and delicate. Adam, large clear rose. Archiduchesse Therese, creamy white and vydibw: Bardon, blush and salmon pink. Bride of Abydos, creamy white, tinged with rose. ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSES IN POTS. 109 Caroline, rose and blush pink, shaded. Cels multiflore, pale flesh. Clara Sylvain, white, centre cream. Comte de Paris, large flesh-coloured rose. Comte d’Osmond, white, centre yellow. Deyoniensis, large, pale yellow. Don Carlos, pale buff and salmon. . Eliza Sauvage, fine yellow, centre orange. Eugene Desgaches, bright rose. Goubault, large rich rose, centre buff. Josephine Malton, large shaded buff and white. Julie Mansais, delicate pure white, large. La Renommé, white, centre pale yellow, fine. Lyonnais, large, rose and lilac, shaded. Madame Dupuis, white, centre rose and yellow. Madame Roussel, white, centre flesh. Mansais, large rose, shaded with buff. Nina, fine clear flesh. Pellonia, pale yellow. Perfection, nankeen, centre rose. Taglioni, creamy white, buff centre. It would be useless to offer any remarks as to which of the pre- ceding should be grown as dwarfs, and which as dwarf standards ; for most of them do well in either way. This, then, is better left to the option of the cultivator. The classes which the letter S precedes are Summer Roses; the others continue flowering throughout the autumn; during which period they should be plentifully supplied with water. The letter 7, preceding any class, indicates that the varieties of which it is composed require protection in winter. CLIMBERS. Climbing Roses should be invariably grown on their own roots; and being chiefly kept in pots, their cultivation may commence at any season we please. What we have hitherto been accustomed to regard as Climbers are from the classes Boursault, Sempervirens, Ayrshire, &c. Magnificent as such must be regarded when growing in the open ground, often to the height of twenty fect, and covered 110 ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSES IN POTS. with immense trusses of bloom; their semi-double ahd transient flowers render the greater part not altogether suitable for growing in - pots. A growth not too vigorous, and finely-shaped flowers, should be the criteria with regard to Roses grown in pots as climbers. As a great height, then, is not in this instance desirable, the various Hybrids, the Noisettes, and Bourbons, may be chosen, and trained upwards to about three feet, which will probably be found as high as convenient or manageable: not that we would, however, altogether exclude the Ayrshire and Sempervirens, for among them a few admirable Roses are to be found. Now, one great point to be held in view is, to induce the plants to flower from the summit to the ground; for if a few flowers only are to be produced at the top of the plant, then the dwarfer it can be grown the better. ‘This, complete flowering, judicious pruning, and training, will accomplish. TRAINING AND Prunine CLimBers: In training, they may be formed into any shape. Such varieties as have long twining or flexible shoots may be trained spirally, with which view, in pruning, in the first instance, they should be cut-in close, to induce them to form lengthened shoots, which should be trained in their proper course during the season of growth. By this treatment, in all probability, they will not flower the first year; but if, after this; the main shoots be merely stopped, and the lateral ones cut within a few eyes, an abundance of bloom will be secured the succeeding year. Any superfluous shoots may, of course, be removed ; but under this system of growth a small amount of pruning only is necessary. The stiff, erect growing kinds may be formed into short pillars of a pyramidal form, or trained to flat wires. The former presents the most natural appearance ; and to effect this, from three to five shoots may be allowed in the first instance, and pruned of different lengths: these will throw out laterals, and a short pillar rose is formed. In after seasons they may be pruned, as proposed for other Roses. CLIMBING VARIETIES. Here, then, is a list of such varieties as appear best adapted for this purpose. : ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSEs IN Pots. To train spirally, or as twiners. Hysrins oF THE CHINESE. Beauty of Billiard; beautiful vivid scarlet. Blairii, No. 2, large blush pink. Fulgens, rich velvety crimson. General Kleber, purplish red; changing to violet: Hippocrates, deep crimson lilac. *Ne Plus Ultra, fine carmine. Pompon Bicolor, purple and crimson shaded. *Princess Augusta, bright crimson and purple mottled. Triomphe de Laqueue, red aiid purple, shaded. Boursautr. * Amadis, purplish critison. Gracilis, bright rosy red. AYRSHIRE. *Ruga, pale flesh. *Splendens, white, tipped with red. SEMPERVIRENS. Banksiaflora, white, centre pale yellow. Feélicité Perpétue, creamy white. Leopoldine d’Orsleans, white; shaded with rose. Myrianthes Rénoncule, delicate rose. Bovrgon. De Lisle, bright rose. Etoile de Lyons, purplish rose. Phoenix, reddish purple. Souvenir D’Anselmne, bright scarlet. Noisettre. Desprez, rose and reddish yellow. D’Espalais, rose. Du Luxembourg, lilac rose; red centre. Fleur du Jeune Age, white, yellow centre. La Biche, large pale flesh. Lemarque, fine sulphur yellow. 111 *Prudence Reeser, lilac blush, sometimes rose; blooming in clusters. + This Rose has hitherto been classed as a Hybrid Perpetual; but differing 80 much from the general run of these, and having the characteristics Of a Noisette Rvsé; I have vetitured to inttoduce it hete, 112 ON THE CULTIVATION OF ROSES IN POTS. To train upright, as Pillars or Pyramids. Hysrips or THE CHINESE. Aurora, crimson and violet shaded, sometimes striped with white. : Belle de Rosny, delicate peach. Belle Marie, superb large rose. Brennus, rich carmine, large. Captain Sisolet, beautiful rose. Charles Duval, fine deep pink. Chénédole, rich vivid crimson, very large. Dandigné de la Blanchaie, dark slaty purple. Duke of Devonshire, rosy lilac, striped with white. *Great Western, crimson and purple, very large, blooming in clusters. *Henry Barbet, deep vivid rose. Hybrid Stadtholder, fine light rose. La Grandeur, large rose. *Lord John Russell, brilliant even rose. Madame Plantier, pure white. Madame Rameau, dull violet purple, centre bright crimson. Paul Perras, beautiful large rose. Richelieu (Duval), pale pink, finely formed. Victor Hugo, large rosy lilac. Hysrip PERPETUAL. Dr. Marx, rosy carmine. Duchess of Sutherland, fine pale rose. Madame Laffay, brilliant rose, superb. Bourgon. Bouquet de Flore, light carmine. Hennequin, bright crimson purple, fine. Marquise d’Iyry, deep bright rose. NoIsErre. *Bouton Nankin, nankeen, changing to blush distinct. *Fellenberg, bright crimson. 5 *Euphrosyne, pale rose and yellow, very sweet. Forcine. Roses required for forcing will succeed tolerably well if potted early in the preceding autumn, It is, however, obvious, that, by NEW AND RARE PLANTS. ts being potted a twelvemonth previously, they become established, and better enabled to support an accelerated growth and premature development of bloom. If, therefore, we are anxious to obtain a good bloom of forced Roses, and have plants that have been a twelve- month or more in pots, they should certainly be taken in preference, for the purpose, and the fresh-potted ones be allowed to grow on for the natural season of flowering. Presuming, then, the plants about to be forced have been grown one season in pots, we will proceed with our subject. HeaTinG Forcrnc-nouse. The various systems of heating horticultural buildings now in vogue have been frequently descanted on in the gardening periodicals, and it would be out of place to speak of them here, except in general terms. Heating by hot-water, in its various modes of application, which have now become general, is universally acknowledged to be preferable to the old flue system, and in no instance more so than for forcing Roses: nevertheless, they will force well upon the old flue system. As, however, as must be apparent, syringing should be more freely resorted to here; and a pot or two of water, poured down on the floor of the house every morning, is necessary, to keep a moist atmosphere, which is very favourable to forced Roses, and, at the same time, noxious to the red spider, which it is not im- possible should appear under the flue system of heating. Arnott’s stove is also used by some, and is found to answer exceedingly well. [We again recommend the pamphlet to our readers as well de- serving to be possessed.—ConpucTor. ] PART II. LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. BuanpyorpIA MARGINATA. Rovcu-EpcEp. (Bot. Reg. 18.) Liliacex. Hexandria Monogynia. A native of Van Dieman’s Land, where it grows abundantly. It is in the collection of Messrs. Osborne and Co., of Fulham, near London, where it bloomed last year in the greenhouse, It is an inhabitant of wet places, and, consequently, in the growing season, requires a hberal supply of water. The flowers are produced in a long conical shaped raceme, of a deep rich red-copper colour outside, and yellow within, and at the edges of the petals. It is a very interesting and pretty flowering species. There have been discovered two other new species. Jn Van Dieman’s Land, viz., B. Backhousii, which produces its flowers in a large corymbous head of more than twenty in Vou. XIII. No. 147. K 114 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. each. B. Cunninghamii, in New Holland. The flowers are very large, of an uniform red colour outside, yellow within. CrsTRUM AURANTIACUM. ORANGE-coLOURED. (Bot. Reg. 22.) Salanacez. Pentandria Monogynia. Mr. Skinner obtained this new species from Guatemala, It bloomed in the Chiswick Garden last August. It is a handsome greenhouse shrub, which blooms profusely. The flowers are produced in spikes, numerously, altogether forming fine heads. Each blossom is about an inch long, of a rich orange colour, having too the perfume of orange peel. It flourishes in the open border, in summer, and well deserves to have a place in the same, or in the greenhouse. Denprosium moninirorme. NeEcKLAcE-steMMED. (Bot. Mag. 4153.) Or- chidacee. Gynandria Monandria. (Synonym. Limodorum moniliforme.) A native of China and Japan. It has bloomed at Kew, in November, 1844, and February, 1845. It is one of the most lovely of the Orchideous Epiphytes. The flower stems grow about a foot high, and the blossoms are produced towards the top portions of the stems. Each blossom is about two inches and a half across. Sepals and petals white, having the upper half of a purple-blush. Lip small. white tipped, with deep purple. Itis a very handsome species. DisopHytia sTeLiaTa. Tux Starry. (Bot. Reg. 23.) Lamcacee. Didy- namia Gymnospermia. (Synonym, Mentha quaternifolia.) A native of India. in the Malabar and Mysore countries. It is a delicate little light green plant, looking much like the Ladies Bedstraw of our own country hedges and banks. The flowers are produced in spikes, of a pretty purple colour, having much the appearance in form of the spike of a Mimosa when in full bloom. It is a very neat and beautiful greenhouse plant. It bloomed in the garden of the Earl of Auckland last Cctober. Gesneria Scuieprana. M. Scureps’s Grsneria. (Bot. Mag. 4152.) Ges- neriacea. Didynamia Angiospermia. Sent from Mexico to the Duke of Bed- ford’s collection, at Woburn Abbey Gardens, where it bloomed last November. It is an erect growing plant. Producing numerous long stems of flowers, in whorls, around the stems. Each blossom is near an inch long, of a rich scarlet colour, and the limb yellow dotted with red. Iocuroms TuBuLosa. Tuer Tusutar. (Bot. Reg. 20.) Solonacee. Pen- tandria Monogynia. (Synonym, Habrothamnus cyaneus,) It was discovered by Mr. Har:tweg, growing on the mountains of Yangana, near Ioxa. Itisa handsome, free flowering, half hardy, greenhouse shrub, blooming from June to November. The flowers are produced in terminal cymose heads of a dozen or upwards in each. The corolla is tube shaped, about an inch and a half long, of a deep blue outside; and purple within. It is a very pretty interesting plant, well deserving a place in the greenhouse or conservatory. It flowered in the garden of the Horticultural Society, at Chiswick, last antumn, Sparnostorris Forrunr. Mr. Forrune’s. (Bot. Reg. 19.) Orchidacee. Gynandria Monandria. This pretty little Bletta like plant was one of the first that Mr. Fortune, the collector sent out by the London Horticultural Society, met with in China, growing on the granite mountains of Hong Kong. The flowers are produced in erect racemes, several in each, a single blossom is about an inch across, of a bright yellow colour. It appears there are other species which have been discovered, viz., S. pubexens, S. parcifolia, and 5. tomentosa, all with yellow flowers, all interesting and pretty. LospEtiA THAPsOIDEA, MuLixrn-uixe, (Bot. Mag. 4150.) Lobeliacex. Pentandria Monogynia. The genus Lobelia has been considerably reduced by the genera that have lately been separated from it, as Siphocampylus, Tupa, &c., yet there are 173 species described in De Candolle’s Prodromus, The present species was sent to this country by Mr. Gardner, who gathered specimens eight feet long. The flowers are of a purple-blue, producing a splendid appearance. AgnipEs MAcuLosum. Speorrep Arr-pianr. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Orchidacee. Gynandria Monandria. This very beautiful species was sent from Bombay two MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE, 115 years ago, and last summer bloomed in the collection of C. Horsfall, Esq, of Liverpool. The flowers are arranged in racemes, which usually have lateral ones proceeding from the sides. The graceful half-nodding racemes of flowers, of the mingled purple, rose, carmine, and yellow, tints and spots, produce a very beautiful appearance. The blossoms are deliciously fragrant. It deserves to be in every collection. BuGarmnvit_ea spectTasitis. Toe RemarKasie. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Nycta- ginacee. Octandria Monogynia. An evergreen climbing shrub, very suitable for a conservatory or greenhouse. It is a native of Peru. The flowers are large, being three inches across, of a beautiful rich purple colour. It well deserves a place in either situation. Azavea inpica, var. Oprima. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) The flowers are large, of a rich red, shaded with dark crimson. A. Broughtoni, a beautiful rose, shaded with lilac. A, exquisita, pink, with white margined petals. All very handsome. They have recently bloomed with Mr. Knight. PART ITIL. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. QUERIES. Ow Catia Airniorica.—A subscriber from the commencement of the Fiorr- cuLTuraL Cainer will feel much obliged if a correspondent will give some information respecting the treatment of the Arum Lily, or Calla A®thiopica, the proper compost, &c. February 24th. [The plant is now named Richardia Aithiopica. It thrives in a rich turfy loam and turfy sandy peat, two parts of the former to one of the latter, chopped, not sifted, compost, and to have a free drainage. It flourishes in a warm green- house, having plenty of light, and the pot to be placed on wood, not stone, or similar cold material. In its growing state requires to have a liberal supply of soft water; during winter just enough to save it from drought.—Conpucror. ] On Verzenas, AnAcavuis, Perunras, AND CaicronanriAs.—During winter I have lost nearly all my stock of the above, will cuttings now put in be strong enough to plant out in beds the coming season. Lucy. [If the stock plants now have lateral shoots four or five inches long, they should be cut off clean at their origin, inserted in sandy loam or peat, and be placed in a moist heat, they will readily strike root on doing so; early pot them singly, and replace them in heat to start them, after which gradually inure them to a temperature, so that by the end of May, or early in June, they might be planted out with entire balls. These plants may be expected to bloom by the middle or end of July. In order to have a vigorous display and earlier, too, strong plants had better be procured at robin ge Ratan Ow Cuiantuus punicevs.—A constant subscriber begs to be informed of the probable reason why a fine plant of Clianthus puniceus, which flowered pro- fusely this spring, should have lost all its leaves in the centre of the plant. The leaves near the root and at the top are abundant. It is still growing vigorously, and has not suffered from either snails or red spider, but it is stripped of leaves in the middle. Is it the habit of the plant? It must be about four years old, and is planted on a south wall of the house. August 10, 1844, ———! Ow Liniw™ Lancivotsium,—lIsabella is desirous of being informed whether the kinds of Lilium lancifoliuim have been grown and succeeded to satisfaction in 116 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE, the open air. An early answer will be an additional favour, as if they do succeed it is her intention to procure some to plant out this spring. Totnes, Devon, Feb. 17, 1844. | We have seen a large bed of Lilium lancifolium album, grown in the open air, and blooming beautifully, and several of the punctatum and rubrum do equally well. The bulbs were planted in small pots, and kept in a cool frame, and the plants tumed out early in spring into the open bed, the soil of which was a sandy peat and light loam, about equal parts. There is no doubt but that they may be planted out at once into a bed or border, as done with the old kinds of Lilies, where the substratum is dry and the compost light, as above described, and will flourish equal to the common kinds. We have been informed by a friend that he has tried it one season with entire success.—Conpucror. ] On Orancx: Trees.—I am but a beginner in gardening, but having erected a small conservatory and a greenhouse I have a promise of a present of a dozen Orange Trees, which have been in the possession of my friend for several years, but they grow weakly, and appear of a sickly yellow hue. What is the best kind of compost to grow them in, in tubs or large earthen pots, as on my first obtaining the plants I intend to remove them into one or the other. An answer in the March Castner will much oblige, Enquirer. {Chopped turfy-loam, well enriched with rotten cow-dung, to which add one quarter of turfy sandy peat and a tolerable sprinkling of bits of charcoal, and small granite stones added. In this compost, with a free bottom drainage, and not to be over-potted, the plants will grow vigorously, if otherwise properly attended to. We have seen them growing quite robust in such compost.—Con- DUCTOR | REMARKS. On Preservine Exoric Pants suITED ror THE FLower-GARDEN IN SUMMER purixg WINTER, AND EARLY Sprinc.—The flower-gardens are, during the summer months, in many cases, almost exclusively decorated with exotics ; and too much cannot be said in favour of a practice that enables them to rival, for a time, the sun-lit scenes of happier climes, from which we have lately received many plants so perfectly suited to such a purpose, and so exquisitely lovely when displaying their beauty in masses, that without them our gardens would be a blauk indeed. What, in all the range of floral beauty, unlimited as it is, could compensate us for the loss of even that single group, the matchless Verbenas ? The duration of plants used for this purpose, under the mode of culture this prac- tice has introduced, is only annual; as they require to be propagated in autumn or spring, produce their blossoms during the season, and perish at its close. As they caunot be turned out with any certainty of success until the season is far advanced, the small plants require to be planted thick enough to cover the soil, and produce an immediate effect. Thus a moderate sized garden requires a con- siderable number of plants to furnish it annually, a prospect that would have appalled even the best gardeners of yore; but at the present day, where suffi- cient means are allowed, the propagation of the plants is a matter of no diffi- culty. In cuttings, put in during February or March, failures seldom occur ; when they do, they are generally the effect of too much confinement, and not, as is often assumed, of too much water. For the sort of cuttings I am speaking of, during the early part of the season, double glass is altogether unnecessary : watering them overhead during sunshine, while air is admitted, will prove of more service than covering them with glasses or shading, a practice that ought to be avoided. The inexperienced will find a frame with a little bottom heat, covered four or five inches deep with light suil, the cuttings planted in the soil, a most efficient apparatus ; and those who possess a stove or hothouse will find that cuttings in pots, plunged in the bark-bed, and fully exposed to the light, will root without further trouble. The introduction of so many plants into the houses at a time when those wintered there are beginning to grow, and require more room, is a serious evil ; MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 117 to remove which as soon as possible, we ‘are apt either to turn out the plants before the proper season, when they often suffer so much from premature ex- posure, that we are forced to replenish the beds, or endure their squalid appear- ance during half the season; or to retain the young plants, fifty or sixty to- gether, in the cutting-pots, until they are finally turned out. This, no doubt, saves room, the labour of potting, and watering in a great measure; but it is the practice of the sluggard, and ought to be avoided with all his doings, as the . plants invariably thrive better when potted singly, and allowed to establish them- selves in the pots. To avoid these habits, and still retain house-room for more important purposes, select a sheltered spot, fully exposed to the sun, over which erect a temporary framework of rafters to support a roller, with canvas or matting. Cover the bottom of the space enclosed with sand. When the plants have been potted off, the pots filled with roots, and tolerably hardened, let them be taken to this shelter, carefully turned out of the pots, and each plant placed upon a small piece of turf previously placed upon the sand. As the plants are not expected to increase much in size while they remain here, they may be placed rather close together, thereby sheltering each other, and making the most of the space covered. As the plants are placed, let the space between each be filled up with sand, when they will require little attention, save an occa- sional watering, until they are removed to their final destination. Under such a shelter, the hardier sorts, or such as have been propagated in autumn, may be placed as early as the Ist of March; the pots, and the room in the house that they occupied, to be employed in forwarding others to be treated in the same manner. High or cutting winds, heavy rains, and cold, are to be guarded against, during which the canvas must remain down. The mere saving of room is not the only recommendation such a practice pos- sesses, When the plants are taken up with the small piece of turf attached, it will be found that they have formed numerous strong and fleshy spongioles, ready to seize upon the soil with the greatest avidity. They likewise suffer much when taken from under glass, and exposed to the direct influence of light : placed out so early, the cause is less powerful; the effect, consequently, less felt; and what they do suffer in appearance is entirely recovered while they remain where their appearance is not of the smallest consequence. Those who possess propagating-houses, and every convenience to supply the plants required of them, may deem it unnecessary to employ such an auxiliary ; but the number of such is limited indeed, when compared with those who happily take an interest in a garden, and strive te make the most of the means placed at their disposal: to those who have only a greenhouse it is invaluable. Persons so situated would do well to propagate as many as possiblein autumn; retain them in the cutting- pots during the wioter, allowing them plenty of air, as the best safeguard against damp, the greatest enemy to plants at such a season; pot them off, and place them under the shelter already recommended in spring. When judiciously managed, it is surprising how many plants may be thus produced, even by a single frame. Annuals intended for planting out in beds, for which purpose there are many sorts well adapted, ought to be sown in autumn, and treated in every respect like cuttings, when they will produce a far finer display than those raised in spring. Specimen greenhouse plants, in pots, placed singly or in groups upon the lawn, when properly introduced, produce a fine effect. To prevent plants so placed having their roots injured by the action of the sun upon the pots, they ought to be plunged, or otherwise covered, and proper drainage secured. This is generally effected by a stratum of coal-ashes; but I have ‘often had occasion to plunge plants where the remains of the ashes, turned up in digging, appear unsightly in the extreme: in these cases I drained the pots containing the plants by placing asmall empty pot beneath each, and found the result so satis- factory, that I have adopted this plan wherever plants are plunged, it being free from every objection that applies to ashes. Pots are easier applied and removed, and more effectual, as by them worms are completely excluded. The plunging taking place when the pots required fur drainage would be lying idle, they may be so applied without any sacrifice. Folkstone, 118 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. On rue Cutture or THE Caiceorarta.—About the middle of July, when the plants have done flowering, preparation should be made for propagating the different kinds—the herbaceous, by dividing the roots; the shrubby, by cuttings. The plants should be encouraged in their growth, a short time previously to the operation, by judicious watering, the remaining flowers picked off, and the stems allowed to die down that no nourishment may escape. A little of the old soil should be removed, and a top-dressing of fresh compost added, in which the shoots will readily take root; those shoots that do not touch the soil require to be pegged down. The cuttings from the shrubby sorts should be struck singly, in smalllsixties, ina frame with a gentle bottom-heat, kept shaded, and rather sparingly watered ; when rooted, air may be more freely admitted, and the plants gradually hardened. As soon as the roots appear through the soil, they will require shifting into forty- eights, and to be placed in a house where they may receive plenty of top air— side air and drafts being prejudicial to the free growth of the Calceolarias when the sun bears considerable power the plants should remain on the shad side of the greenhouse; the temperature of the house should be from 45° to 50°. About the beginning of September, those plants which are growing vigorously will require shifting into larger pots; and when large specimen plants are re- quired, this operation should be repeated as often as the pots are filled with roots; liberal drainage should at all times be given, and regular watering care- fully attended to, never allowing the pots to get dry. The decaying leaves should be removed, for if suffered to remain upon the plants, they cause mildew, and much injury ensues. The plants require to be frequently examined, to watch for the appearance of the green-fly : and when discovered, a check should be put to their increase by well fumigating the plants, and repeating the operation if the first is not effective, asit is difficult to dislodge these pests from the young and downy leaves. The house should be frequently steamed by dampiag the flues, as the Calceolaria thrives best in a moist atmosphere. During the winter months the plant must be removed to the south side of the house, to receive all the light possible, and prevent their being drawn up weakly. This treatment is continued till the beginning of March, when a geutle watering over the heads with a fine rose or syringe will prove very beneficial. As the power of the sun begins to increase, and the flowers approach their blooming season, it will be necessary either to shade the plants or remove them to the north side of the house; for if suffered to remain in the sun and allowed to become dry, the plants will be forced prematurely into bloom before obtaining a desirable height and size. When the flower-stems begin to rise, training should commence, and a stick put to each shoot that it may rise in its proper place, and assist in forming a regular head of bloom. A supply of liquid manure twice a-week will give additional strength to the plants, and cause the flowers to expand freely. The compost for the Calceolarias should be the following: one barrowful of loam, one of bog-earth, and one of cow-dung. For the winter potting an additional half- barrowful of bog-earth may be used, for which, in spring, a half-barrowful of loam should be substituted. — Gardeners’ Chronicle. Supers CARNATIONS AND Picorers.—As it is now the Carnation and Picotee season for planting, I here forward fyou a list, of what I consider first-rate, and many of them new sorts, which have come under my observation on my visits{to the different shows and collections of amateurs and florists in the neighbourhood of London during the past season. J. Bau. Scarlet Bizarres.—Twitchett’s Don John (not yet out), Headley’s William Cobbett, ditto Achilles, Rainsforth’s Game-boy, Roi da Capucins, Pugh’s Haidee, Martin’s Splendid, Barrenger’s Fire-hing, Smith’s Duke of Cambridge, ditto Duke of Wellington, Ely’s Regular, ditto Joily Dragoon, ditto Lord Durham, ditto Earl of Mexborough, Wheeler’s Victory, Grove’s Sir Robert Peel. Crimson Bizarres.—Holmes’s Count Palini, Hufton’s Duke of Wellington, Hogg’s Champion, Paxley’s Prince Albert, Roi Dagoberts, Barnard’s Duke of Roxburgh, Ely’s Duke of Bedford, ditto Lord Milton, ditto Duke of Manchester, MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 119 Bucknell's Talma, ditto Charlemagne, Harvey’s Huntsman, Barrenger’s En chantress, Venebles’s Spitfire, Wood’s William IV., Young’s Earl Grey. Scarlet Flakes.—Twitchett's Queen of Scarlets (not yet out), Simpson’s Marquis of Granby, Barrenger’s Hope, Woollard’s Queen Victoria, Martin’s Mars, ditto Phoenix, Willson’s Sir H. Davey. Purple Flakes —¥ly's Mango, ditto Mrs. Burkell, Hepworth’s Elizabeth, Maasley’s Euclid, Martin’s President, ditto Lord Morpeth, Hogg’s Colonel of the Blues, ditto Lady Chetwode, Willmer’s Solander. Rose Flakes.—Brooks’s Flora Garland, Harvey’s Maria, Ely’s Lovely Ann, ditto Lady Ely, Pullen’s Queen of England, Harrison’s Lady Milner. Red Picotees—Meadley’s Sarah (not yet out), Willmer’s Duke of Cornwall, Orson’s Queen Adelaide, ditto Eliza, Ely’s Mrs. Homer, Barnard’s Colonel Foreman, Giddings’s Don John, ditto Teaser, Wildman’s Isabella, Sharp’s Duke of Wellington, ditto Unique, ditto Hector, ditto Beauty, Wood’s Earl of Sandwich, ditto Queen Victoria, Holliday’s Queen of England (not yet out). Purple Picotees.—Giddings’s Miss Hennell, ditto Vespasian, Wood’s Lord St. John, Ely’s Grace Darling, ditto Dr. Homer, Pullen's Lady Peel, Kirtland’s Queen Victoria, Pluperfecta, Crask’s Queen Victoria, Dickson’s Trip to Cambridge, Brinklow’s Hope, Heath’s Superb. Rose and Scarlet-edge Picotees—Barnard’s Mrs. Barnard (not yet out), Waine’s Queen Victoria, Burrough’s Sylph, Barrenger’s Duchess of Bedford, Gidding’s Diana, Garret’s Lady Dacre, Sykes’s Eliza, Millard’s Fair Ellen. On THE AmAryiuis.—Having more than once observed directions in the Casiner for the cultivation of Stove Amaryllis, which are likely, if my expe- rience be correct, to prove very injurious to them, I am induced to send a few remarks thereon. The point I allude to is the direction to re-pot them as soon as they show flower, or before they begin to grow. When first I cultivated Amaryllis I pursued this plan, to the destruction of many of my bulbs; and whenever I have recurred to it since, or seen it tried by others, the same effect, either of complete or partial decay, has followed. If Amaryllis be shifted into fresh pots, either soon after the leaves die off, or just before they begin to grow, the whole of the young roots perish, and decay so begun extends to the coats of the bulbs, forming a canker, which it is almost impossible to cure. The manage- ment which I recommend is invariably to re-pot such bulbs as require it when their foliage is in full vigour or still growing, say in June or July, or earlier, according to the treatment they have received. When the foliage dies at the tips, water should be gradually withheld, and the bulbs kept dry till the flower- buds appear. When the stem is half grown, water may be administered very moderately ; but the plant should not have much till its leaves are six inches long. I find the very strongest loam, almost resembling clay, is best suited to these plants, and of course the pots should be well drained. As far as J have observed, most Amaryllis make root at the end of summer; and it is in the fibres thus made that the deposit of sap takes place to supply the future flower. A, PETERSON. Porrer’s Liquip Guano.—For the last three months I have applied Potter's Liquid Guano to my general stock of the best greenhouse plants, and their improved appearance is truly astonishing. I give it three times a-week, a very smal] proportion each time of watering. AN AMATEUR GARDENER. On wanisuina Anrs.—I tried the plan of dusting common flour sulphur over ants with a view to kill them, but in this have failed; it, however, had the effect wholly to banish them, for, although I turned over the soil in the melon bed, and examined the neighbouring places not one ant could be found. I have tried it in several situations, and it invariably banishes them. It equally affects black and red ants, P.M. 120 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. ANSWER. On TreatMEenT oF THE Jacop#a Lity.—Plant [them in equal portions of turfy loam and sandy peat, with a free drainage of crocks and rough pieces of turfy loam. After potting, place them in a frame, with a gentle hot-bed heat; when the flower-stem just makes its appearance, then remove them into a warm place in the greenhouse. Ifa portion be potted a little later in the seasen, they will succeed the others, aud prolong the blooming season. A season of rest will be required from October to February. Withhold water after September Ist, and keep them dry till potting time in February. Conpucror. FLORICULTURAL CALENDAR FOR MAY. TenDER or SrovE Annvuats.—-When it is desired to have some plants to bloom late in autumn, as Balsams, Cockscombs, Browallis, &c., seeds should now be sown, and the plants potted off into small sized pots, as soon as they are large enough, using a rich soil. Greenuouse.—During the early part of May, a few frosty nights generally occur; in consequence of which, itis advisable not to take out the general stock of plants before the middle of the month, or even, in cold situations, before the 25th. Whilst the plants however, remain in the greenhouse, let them have all the air that can be given, during the day, and at nights, if no appearance of frost. Particular attention will now be required to afford an ample supply of water to free growing kinds of plants. Frequently syringe them over the tops at evening, just before sun-set. If any of the plants be attacked with green fly, or any other similar insects, apply a sprinkling of tobacco water, diluted with water, by adding to one quart of the liquid five of water; in applying which to the plants, syringe them at the under as well as upper surface of the leaves: a repetition will rarely be required. This mode of destroying the insects is far preferable to fumigation. no injury being sustained by it, even if applied in a pure state. The liquid can be obtained of tobacconists, at 10d. or 1s. per gallon. Inarching Oranze or Lemon trees may still be performed. It is a good time for increasing plants by cuttings, striking in moist heat. Greenhouse Annuals, as Salpiglossises, Globe Amaranthuses, Balsams, &c., should be encouraged by a little warmth, and shifted into larger pots, early in the month; so that the plants may make a show, to succeed the removal of the general collection of greenhouse plants. Cuttings or suckers of Chrysanthemums should now be taken off, if not done before. Achimeras coccinea, longiflora, rosea, &c., plants, should he potted singly into a light rich soil, and be forwarded in the stove, and repotted as they advance in growth, not too much at a time, but as root room appears necessary. Lobelias for the greenhouse should be similarly treated, as to potting, &c. Frower Garpen.—Continue to protect beds of Elyacinths, Tulips, &e. Car- nations in pots should he encouraged by manure water, &c., in order to grow them vigorously: care in striking them will be required. By the middle of the month, half hardy annuals, as China Asters, Marigolds, &c., may be planted out in the open borders. Some of the best kinds may be potted, as done to the more tender sorts. Many kinds of greenhouse plants, as Petunias, Salpiglos- sises, Salvias, Fuchsias, Heliotropes, &c., should now be planted out in the open border. Dahlias that have been forwarded in pots, frames, &c., may be planted out towards the end of the month. Seedlings may be pricked out, in a warm situation, having a deep, fresh, rich soil. When Stocks, Mignonette, China Asters, &c., are wished to bloom late in the year, seeds may now be sown, either under a frame, or on a warm border. Slips of double Wallflowers should now be put in under a hand-glass. Seeds of biennials, as Sweet Williams, Scabious, Campions, &c., should now be sown. Tuberoses, for late flowering, should now be planted, either in pots or warm borders. Offsets of Campanula pyramidalis should be planted in rich soil, and placed in the greenhouse. Repotting must be continued till they cease to grow; by this means the plants will reach eight feet high, and be very branching. In every previous Volume there are articles upon the Auriculas, Polyanthus, Carnations, Ranunculuses, Anemones, Tulips, Violets, Pinks, Heartsease, &c. We refer our readers to them, as affording directions and precautions valuable, especially at this early part of the season. abt > LN Belin +b MA Pernkt vi ” it rea Floricullurald Cabrnd. June, LEPE. 74 7 , YL a4 4h : a7 J HA «. ee 1 Gomphotobium oe 2 Donald orig flora. By Lois tian ttle 4 2 tA THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, JUNE lst, 1845. PART I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. 1. GOMPHOLOBIUM HENDERSONII. Tus very beautiful Gompholobium has been introduced into this country by Captain Mangles, R.N., from the Swan River colony. It is not, like the well-known Gompholobium polymorphum, a climbing plant, but forms a neat evergreen bush, and blooms very freely. It deserves a place in every greenhouse. We saw beautiful specimens in the nursery of Messrs. Hendersons, of Pineapple-place, London, and was informed it blooms the greater part of summer, being very ornamental even in autumn too. It requires to be grown in a turfy sandy peat, with a small portion of loam and leaf-mould, having a very free drainage. 2, RONDOLETIA LONGIFLORA, (Long-flowered.) > Messrs. Veitch and Son, of Exeter, introduced ‘this beautiful flowering greenhouse plant from Brazil. It forms a very neat shrubby plant, much in the way of Bouvardia triphylla, and flou- rishes under a similar treatment. It is supposed to grow to a tolerably-sized bush, larger than the Bouvardias usually grow. The ; plant deserves a place in every greenhouse; its profusion of beautiful flowers render it an object of much beauty. Vou, XIII, No, 148, L 122 ON THE CULTIVATION OF THE 3. FUCHSIA, Var. PICTA. This is one of the immense quantity of seedlings that we raised, and it bloomed with us late in the season of 1844. The blossoms do not stand erect, as represented in our plate, but are, after the usual mode, pendant; the representation being thus given to suit our artist in arranging the three flowers to suit the size of the plate; the blos- soms are larger, too, than the figure given. It is a free-flowering plant, grows vigorously, and is very distinctively pretty. Our plant had one or two entire self-coloured flowers, which added to its beauty in the contrast given. It deserves a place in every collection. We expect to have upwards of 4000 seedlings bloom during the present season; and, as we paid very special attention to intermix the various superior varieties, we doubt not but the results will afford us some valuable additions to the lovely tribe. ARTICLE II. AN EXTRACT ON THE CULTIVATION OF THE AMARYLLIS TRIBE OF PLANTS, AS RECOMMENDED BY THE HON. AND REY. WILLIAM HERBERT, DEAN OF MANCHESTER’ IN HI8 EXCELLENT WORK ON THE AMARYLLIDACEX, [SEVERAL correspondents having requested, in former numbers, some information on the culture of Cape bulbs, and having recently had the privilege of reading the very valuable work of the Dean of Man- chester, on the bulbous tribe of plants, induces me to extract the following from the work, for the use of the correspondents referred to, and as a recommendation of the work itself, containing such a fund of valuable instruction on the subjects treated upon. ] ON CYRTANTHUS. “They are altogether plants of difficult culture, the bulbs being more disposed to dwindle and rot than to increase in bulk. Mr. Griffin was, I think, more successful than most others in the cultivation of C. obliquus, of which he had many strong bulbs on a shelf, very near the glass in his stoye, when the heat was never great. A common ~ greenhouse is usually too damp for it in winter, and the air of a hot stove too confined. A light soil, which is not retentive of water, will be found to suit the whole genus; and I think that the use of peat AMARYLLIS TRIBE OF PLANTS, 123 will always be dangerous to them. Those with persistent leaves should be cautiously watered in winter, the deciduous species not at all. CC. carneus is one of the most difficult to manage; twice I lost it, notwithstanding the greatest care, and have at last succeeded in establishing one with better hopes, by giving it water but very seldom the first year, and rather more after it had formed a strong leaf, keeping it as much as possible in a draught of air in the greenhouse. It is planted in a mixture of white sand with a little light loam, with an open under drain. “With respect to the other species, there is some peculiarity in the soil congenial to them which it is very difficult to analyse. When I lived at Mitcham, in Surrey, C. angustifolius was a weed with me, ripening seed freely ; and the seedlings quickly came to a flowering age, and were vigorous, being potted in the soil of Mitcham Common, which was a light brown earth, with a little admixture of dead furze- leaves on a gravelly substratum. Since I lived in Yorkshire, I have been able to find no soil that suited it; and, although many changes were tried, the plants dwindled, and all perished ; nor have I found any species of Cyrtanthus succeed well in the soils to which I have access here. Mr. Rollison had equal success with C. angustifolius, at his nursery at Tooting, near Mitcham. C. lutescens has, I believe, never been in Europe, but Dr. Burchell has many specimens of it. It has very narrow leaves, and comes very near to C. odorus, except in its colour, which is invariably a yellowish white. Ventricosus, figured by Jacquin, under the name Angustifolius, is only known to us by his plate and description. It was probably one of Mason’s plants from the East Coast, and is allied to Collinus. Mr. Ker con- ceived that Jacquin had, by mistake, represented a scape of Spiralis, with the foliage of Angustifolius ; but it is evident that his plant had not the inflorescence of Spiralis. “ The recollection that Hippeastrum equestre, single and double, which will not exist in the light soils to which I have access in York- shire, thrive exceedingly with me at Mitcham, in Surrey, in the same soil that peculiarly suited Cyrtanthus angustifolius, and that all the Cyrtanthiform bulbs are disposed to rot in light earth at Spofforth, . persuades me that when their cultivation is found difficult, a soil that is more disposed to set firm, and not fall to pieces when turned out of the pot, should be substituted, with good drainage and cau- L2 124 ON THE CULTIVATION OF THE tious watering. The difficulty is to find a light soil which has a little tenacity. There is a yellow earth of that nature, in which I have observed Erica cinerea thrive with much greater vigour than in any black soil, in the neighbourhood of the New Forest, which would perhaps suit the Cyrtanthi. Ina soil of that nature all Mr. Wood- ford’s Ericee were cultivated at Rickmansworth. The earth of Mitcham Common was so congenial to the Ixias, that in it I have had seventy-two flowers from one bulb of Ixia longiflora, and nearly as many from one of Spiraxis grandiflora ;.whereas, the confluent soils of this neighbourhood, though favourable to the hardier Gladioli, destroy the Ixias and Babianas, and are not favourable to Sparaxis. ON HIPPEASTRUM. “ There is some difference as to the cultivation of the various species of Hippeastrum, in consequence of the several latitudes, altitudes, and situations in which they are found. Capricious watering is their bane; they should be watered pretty freely while they are making leaves, more sparingly after they are grown, and not at all when at rest. Aulicum I have found very difficult to manage; I have had but two or three roots of it, and have not been satisfied with their treatment. Calyptratum flourished well with me in light soil on the hothouse flue, growing all the year round, till I was told by a gentle- man that they had been found to succeed better in the greenhouse ; and, having transferred them according to his advice, I lost all my bulbs of that species. Psittacinum, and the beautiful mules between it and Regio-vittatum, are hardy greenhouse plants, requiring absolute rest in the winter, and flower freely in the spring; they grow weak in the stove, and will not flower without rest. Solandrifloram and Stylosum are tender stove plants, but should rest in winter time. Vittatum is a greenhouse plant, requiring rest in winter, and may be brought into the stove in spring to flower it. In Surrey it lived well, flowered yearly, and sometimes ripened seed in the open ground near the south front of my house, a small heap of ashes being thrown over it in winter. The mules between Psittacinum and Vittatum would perhaps bear as much exposure if the wet could be kept from them in winter. Reticulatum and Striatifolium are tender stove plants, and I believe the former is nearly lost, and its habitation has never been exactly ascertained. Of latter years the striped-leaved variety AMARYLLIS TRIBE OF PLANTS. 125 has been frequently sent from Brazil, but the original plant has not been met with. The mules between Striatifoluum and different varieties of Bulbulosum, as well as Regium and Regio-vittatum, have a hardier constitution ; and many of them come so near to the reti- culated parents, that they will be preferred in cultivation for orna- ments. Equestre is a plant of singular constitution, and frequently lost in the stoves; though a native of the hottest regions of the west, it will not live if watered constantly in the stove. It requires absolute rest in winter, in a moderately cool but not damp situation. It will flower early in the summer, and after flowering should be placed in the greenhouse, or in the open air, where it will grow better than in the stove. ‘** Regium requires less care, the stove, and rest in winter. The whole family of Bulbulosum, except crocatum, are easily managed. By giving them two periods of rest, in winter and again at mid- summer, they, as well as the mules Regio-vittatum and Rutilo-regio- vittatum, may often be made to flower in the spring and autumn. I have found great advantage, with bulbs that were to stand on a hot flue, in placing under them a shallow tray made of tin or zinc, and nearly filled with sand. In pursuance of this system of encouraging their growth by moist warm sand underneath, a gentleman to whom I had given several tender bulbs informed me that he had constructed a pit for them, with a chamber, into which was introduced a slender steam-pipe, perforated with small holes; and the chamber was coyered with hurdles, over which he placed a layer of brushwood, and on that a body of sand, in which the pots were plunged. The steam worked its way through into the sand, and kept up a moist warmth, which was very congenial to the tender bulbs during their season of growth; and I do not conceive that any better mode of cultivation could be adopted. A bed of the various splendid Hip- peastra, successfully cultivated in a low warm house, would exceed most vegetable displays in beauty. Some of the varieties of H. bul- bulosum, if not all, may be found in South America, growing in black vegetable earth. My collector found Pulverulentum in such soil with the scape three feet high, and the leaves long; aud I discovered Equestriforme growing unperceived in a mass of parasitic plants, Cereus and Pitcairnia, which had been torn off a stem or the face of © a rock. I haye, however, lost so many bulbs by the use of peat, at 126 ON THE CULTIVATION OF THE various times, that I am generally fearful of using it. There is so much variety in the vegetable black earth of different places, that it should be tried cautiously. I have been told that H. calyptratum has been found growing on the branches of trees, and that it has been necessary to shoot off the limb by repeated discharges of a gun, in order to get the bulb; and I have seen it grown in a pot of moss. The principal causes of the sickly state of Hippeastra, in cultivation, are too light a soil, want of water when the leaves are pushing, and too much water after. I have observed them grow with unusual vigour ina split or broken pot, in consequence of better drainage. The finest bulbs I ever saw were two self-sown seedlings from a cross- bred plant, which established themselves in the pot where Convol- vulus gangeticus was growing. They killed the Convolvulus, and at last broke the pot, and have not been so vigorous since. In conse- quence of its falling to pieces, it became necessary to shift them. It is evident that good drainage is essential to their health. With earth that sets firm, that object may be effected better by a single crock placed carefully so as to cover only part of the hole, than by many, of which the lowest covers the aperture, and the remainder become choked by the earth settling amongst them. I have had seedlings of crosses with Vittatum, which sent up two stems of blossoms from a pot scarcely twice the size of the bulb. A self-sown seedling esta- blished itself in one of my stoves, and is growing freely on a stump of wood, into the cavity of which a little peat had been thrown to encourage the growth of a Pleurothallis; and I do not doubt the bulbs being often found on old trees, amongst the ferns, and other parasites ; but I consider a well-drained rich alluvial soil to be most fit for bringing them to perfection. They appear to have gone rather out of favour lately with cultivators, probably from failures through mismanagement, for certainly they can be surpassed by few flowers in beauty, and most of them may be cultivated in a warm greenhouse, if they are kept quite dry im the winter ; but it should be always re- membered that very tender bulbs, which are to be kept dry in‘a greenhouse, will rot if above ground, from the dampness of the atmosphere, though they would have been uninjured if closely covered _ by light earth. ** Tt is now pretty well understood that, although cuttings of Camellia Japonica strike root readily in sand, a light and confluent soil is fatal AMARYLLIS TRIBE OF PLANTS. 124 to the growth of the plant, causing the young leaf to turn yellow, become spotted, and fall off, especially if exposed to the sun, a well- drained stronger soil being essential to, their health. Most sorts of Hippeastrum seem to me liable to suffer from the same cause, which is apparently too rapid evaporation of the moisture which they require. The more frequent watering, which becomes necessary to the develop- ment of their leaves, occasions the decay of the fibres. Due attention to this point will make the cultivation of the bulbs of this genus easy to those who have been unsuccessful in their treatment, always bearing in mind that the stronger the soil used the more perfect should be the drainage. Strong loam and a cool situation, with complete rest in winter, suits H. vittatum, and I believe that Aulicum will succeed best with the same treatment. I consider that Hippeastrum generally does not thrive well in soil which is powdery when dry, and does not set.” This work we warmly solicit those of our readers who desire to improve or extend their knowledge of bulbous plants to purchase, being perfectly convinced that another so well calculated for that purpose cannot be found. Looking over the genus Crinum, we observe a variety named Careyanum, on which the author has the following lines, which we extract for the purpose of laying before our readers some account of that eminent man, in memory of whom the above variety of Crinum is nafned, and to whom the succeeding remarks relate. ‘‘This beautiful plant was brought to light by Dr. Carey, late of Serampore, and I had the pleasure of naming it after one of the best, the most amiable, gifted, and indefatigable of men, whose virtues and talents adorned his country, and whose labours have promoted the glory of the Almighty. I never saw this excellent man, but fifteen years’ correspondence had accustomed me to look upon him as a deeply-valued friend. His life was devoted to the diffusion of the gospel; horticulture, natural history, and botany, afforded the brief recreation he allowed himself from his daily toils, His favourite plants were the Amaryllidaceous family, and to him we are indebted for our knowledge of many of them. He was born in 1761, at Hackleton, in Leicestershire, and embarked for India in 1793. In 1800 he was settled at Serampore, and he closed the labours of his useful life in 1834, beloved by all who knew him, honoured by all whom his name has reached, having translated. and 128 ON THE CULTURE OF BROMPTON STOCKS. superintended the publication of the gospel in forty oriental languages, which he had the perseverance to acquire for that purpose. Born in the humblest circumstances, often uncertain of his daily bread, at first a journeyman shoemaker, then a village schoolmaster, he had, before his departure from England, taught himself to read the Bible in Greek, Latin, Hebrew, French, Italian, and Dutch, and had become con- spicuous by his eloquent preaching and his ardent desire to bring about the mission to India, which originated in his powerful mind. When he arrived there, he found it necessary to offer his services, by a hand-bill, to make or repair shoes; and, after he had risen to the head of a flourishing establishment, and occupied the chair of three professorships, he was not ashamed to nail up the original hand-bill against the wall of his study, but took pleasure in considering from what av humble grade he had been lifted up to a more useful and distinguished station by the grace of God and his own virtuous per- severance.” ARTICLE III. ON THE CULTURE OF BROMPTON STOCKS. BY A FLORIST, Tue entire race of Stocks are plants I much admire, and there is not a kind, I believe, of these which thrive in the open air of this country but I possess. I am more especially partial to the Brompton Stocks, and they very deservedly stand in high repute, producing by proper management spikes of flowers two feet long, and each sepa- rate blossom two inches in diameter. In addition to their splendour and fragrance they bloom during all the summer season, and are among the finest ornaments of the flower garden, their various colours grown in contrast producing a fine effect. This season I have blooming plants of the following kinds :— 1. The best way of propagation is by seeds, and unless some little attention be paid to the selection of the seed double flowers will very rarely be produced. Always collect the seeds from such plants as have semi-double flowers, or which grow in the immediate neigh- bourhood or are surrounded by double ones; for although double ones have no power to produce seed themselves, and it has been disputed whether they can impregnate others, yet it has been always found that plants raised from seed gathered in such situations have amongst ON THE CULTURE OF BROMPTON STOCKS. 129 them a greater number of double ones than when the sced-bearing plants grew under different circumstances. -2. The best time for sowing is the beginning of May. This should be done on a border of light sandy soil prepared for the purpose, on an eastern or south-eastern aspect ; never on a south aspect, as this would be too hot for them. Of all other modes the best is to sow the seeds in shallow drills, six inches apart, scattering the seed very thinly. 3. Water as often as they require it, but never do this in the middle of the day, when the sun is hot, for the plants would be liable to be damaged by the sun, rendering the drops of water hot, and thereby scalding the leaves, which, if it did not entirely destroy them, would greatly retard their growth. The best time is either very early in the morning, or towards five o’clock in the evening, when the sun’s rays are oblique. 4. When the plants are nearly three inches high they should be thinned out to six inches apart in the rows, and afterwards to a foot, taking up every other row; and those plants taken out should be transplanted carefully into a similar border as that prepared for the seed-bed, or be planted three or four together in the flower borders ; the former plan is the best, if it is convenient, because the whole are more easily protected through the severity of winter. In either case they must be taken up with balls, and be sheltered from the sun, and regularly watered, until they have begun to grow again. Those left in the seedling bed will be much finer plants in the autumn than the transplanted ones, from the circumstance of having received no check in removing, which, from having so small a quantity of fibrous roots, prevents their growth for some time. 5. On the approach of winter the borders may either be hooped over, and be covered with mats in severe cutting weather, or a frame may be set over the plants, and the glasses put on to preserve them. If they are left entirely exposed, if the plants are not killed, the long leaves will be beat to pieces by the winds, and the naked stalks, at the approach of spring, will be very unsightly. Those planted in patches in the flower borders may be protected by branches of spruce fir, stuck into the ground round them, in the absence of other shelter. 6. In March, if the weather be fine, or if not early in April, take 139 ON PLANTING OUT PELARGONIUMS, VERBENAS, &c. them up with as large balls as they can be got, and plant them in the situations intended for them in the flower borders. Early in June they will come into bloom, and will more than repay for all the care taken of them. ARTICLE IV. REMARKS ON PLANTING OUT PELARGONIUMS, VERBENAS, SALVIAS, &c., INTO THE BEDS OF THE FLOWER GARDEN. LY A LADY AMATEUR GARDENER. Now that the season is fast approaching for putting out into the flower-garden Verbenas, Geraniums, Salvias, &c., I am incliued to offer the following hints to my sister gardeners, and though many of them may have already adopted my method, to some it may still be a novelty, When scarlet Geraniums are put out of the pot into the flower-garden they present a most gay and beautiful appearance ; if laid quite flat, and pegged down at the joints, the branches very quickly turn themselves upwards, and in a yery few weeks the bed is a complete carpet of green, thickly studded with the brilliant scarlet flowers. I have adopted this plan for the last two years, and nothing could exceed the beauty of my Geranium bed. There are also con- siderable advantages gained by pursuing this system; the plant is not liable to be broken by the wind, and as they strike root nearly at each place where they are pegged down, a great increase of plants is gained by cutting the branch close to each root when the season comes for re-potting them. The same plan may be pursued with the Salvia, and by intermix- ing the Salvia patens with the other the blue and the scarlet produce a most brilliant contrast, and at the same time a harmony of colour- ing which can hardly be surpassed. [We hope our Correspondent will favour us with other communi- cations. —ConpucTor. | ARTICLE V. ON THE CULTURE OF CLIANTHUS PUNICEUS, AS A STANDARD PLANT. BY CLERIOCUS. Tue Clianthus Puniceus is well worthy of a place in every collection, both for its beautiful foliage and pendant racemes of red flowers. ON THE CULTURE OF CLIANTHUS PUNICEUS. 131 When grown as a standard, it far surpasses in beauty and elegance any plant I have seen of its kind: I shall mention a few words re- garding its culture as a standard. Select cuttings from a plant about the beginning of May or June; the cuttings should not exceed four inches in length, and taken from the same year’s growth; recollect that the extremity or point of the cuttings must not be pinched off. After making the cuttings, allow them to remain for a day or two before potting, to dry some of the superabundant moisture from them, which is an advantage gained by the cuttings rooting two days sooner. A 32-sized pot should be filled with white sand, and the cuttings in- serted therein to the depth of two or more inches; they will strike readily in a heat of 70 or 75 degrees; if they are covered with a bell-glass the strike will be more successful. After struck they should be potted off separately, in thumbs or small sixties, amongst a com- post of sand, leaf, loam, with a little well decomposed cow-dung all well incorporated together ; when potted they should be placed in a bottom heat till they have matured roots enough to support them- selves. Then they should be removed to a more airy situation, either to a greenhouse or conservatory, and great care and attention must be paid to the re-potting and watering, or without the plants will soon form a sickly, stinted appearance. For to make good standards all side-shoots must be pinched off as soon as they appear, training the plant up with a clear stem to the necessary height required ; then, after they have attained the required height, the tops should be pinched off, and that causes them to throw out laterals, and these laterals again stopped makes them still to throw out the more, till at last the plants attain a most luxuriant head, richly decorated with thick but dense pale green foliage. When treated after the above method that I have laid down, then planted out in a conservatory amongst good rich mould, one-half fresh loam, one-quarter leaf mould, and one-quarter decomposed cow-dung, along with a little vegetable mould and sand ; all these to be well incorporated together, and a pit made for the reception of the plants, three feet square by two and a half deep, filling it up with the above composts, then insert the plant, putting it about an inch deeper than it was in the pot; then there should be a stake of durable wood procured to fasten it to . When planted out it grows more Juxuriant than in pots, and has always a more healthy appearance. When in flower, what can surpass 132 REMARKS ON THE CULTURE OF CALCEOLARIAS. it? the bunches of pale red flowers hanging the one upon the other out of a dense thicket, as it may be termed. ARTICLE VI. REMARKS ON THE CULTURE OF CALCEOLARIAS. BY A LONDON AMATEUR GROWER. I nave been a cultivator of the very lovely tribe of flowers, the Calceolarias, but have encountered a good deal of difficulty in my attempts to grow them well. Determined, if possible, to succeed, I visited from time to time the establishments of the most successful growers who exhibit such fine specimens as is shown at the London . shows, in order to ascertain the method pursued. The result of my inquiries and observations is, that the plants require to have a very free drainage of broken pot and rough pieces of turf. A compost as follows,—equal portions of well enriched turfy loam, with a moderate sprinkling of white sand in it, and the other half well rotted leaf mould, these materials not to be sifted, but be in what is termed a chopped or rough state. The plants are placed in an airy situation, and where they can be near to the glass, and have a free circulation of air. Generally they are kept in the greenhouse, and special atten- tion is given to watering, taking care the plants do not lack moisture, but never be given so as to be saturated, and that they arenot allowed to be droughted. The pots they require is in proportion to the size of the plants, care being paid that they are not over-potted, as when they are they generally get over watered, turn yellow, and soon die. The period immediately succeeding the blooming of the plants I have found precarious with them, but the best method is as soon as possible after blooming cut off the flower stems of the plants intended to produce stock for future supply, and carefully re-pot by shifting them into a size larger; keeping the ball entire, and placing the plants in the light and near glass, also having a free air, but where they can be shaded from powerful sun. Thus treated they soon push, and a supply of shoots or-offsets is afforded, so that cuttings, &c., will readily be struck early in the summer, and furnish young plants in a state of vigour to survive the effects of a winter’s trial. OBSERVATIONS ON A HOUSE FOR ERICAS. 133 ARTICLE VII. OBSERVATIONS ON A HOUSE FOR ERICAS. BY AN AMATEUR GROWER. Havine remarked in some former volume of the Froritcuttu RAL Carnet that Ericas were grown admirably in frames, elevated in the summer season by a brick or two at each corner, admitting a cur- rent of air among the plants, I had a house constructed to answer the same purpose, as follows :— In situation it stands due East and West. It isa double roofed one, having an elevated floor up the middle of the house, brick walls three feet and a-half high, and the space inside filled up with brick and lime rubbish two feet, and the remainder with coal ashes, the surface being finest. This forms an even surface, and the nature of the materials are very congenial to the growth of the plants, being just cool enough for the roots, without having the injurious striking cold that I have observed in some places of a stone floor to stand upon. I have a walk round the centre thus prepared bed, and on each side I have a similar formed bed a yard broad, the surface being on a level with the centre bed. The bottom of this is supported by piers half a yard high, and underneath the same, up the middle, is hot water pipes, the side being open to allow the warmth to enter the house, and there being a cavity four inches wide between the exterior wall of the house and the front pit-wall, the warmth from the hot water-pipes ascends thereby into the house so as to preserve the plants thus placed at the sides of the house from being damaged by frost. Only as much warmth is required as will just protect there- from, more is injurious. ‘The roof is only just high enough to allow a tall person to walk up the path without his hat touching the rafters. The erect sashes at the sides are two feet deep, and made so that hanging upon hinges air can be admitted by every one, and when required a regular current through the house. Of course I have my tallest plants on the centre bed, but all my specimens are very bushy, and dwarf of their size. They flourish admirably in this house, and the plan is well deserving to be adopted for the successful growth of ‘Heaths, and glass and timber now being so cheap ought to be pro- vided, where this class of so lovely a tribe are grown. 134 THE LADY’S COUNTRY COMPANION. REVIEW. The Lady’s Country Companion, or, How to enjoy a Country Life rationally. By Mrs. Loudon, author of “ Gardening for Ladies, &c.” With an Engraving on Steel, and Illustrations on Wood. London, Longman and Co., 1845. Tus is a very interesting addition to the previous useful and pleas- ing publications which have been sent forth to the ladies of our country by Mrs. Loudon, and which we very cordially recommend to our readers upon its own merits, and additionally so, as the pro- curing of*it will be an act of benevolence, by contributing towards the support of the author and family of our late valuable and much respected friend, J. C. Loudon, Esq. The yolume is divided into six Books, or Parts. The first is, The House ; the second, The Garden ; the third, Domestie Animals; the fourth, Rural Walks; the fifth, Country Amusements; the sixth, Country Duties. The volume is 12mo, and contains 396 pages. Each subject is treated upon in a Letter. Of course we are best acquainted with the gardening subjects which are treated upon. The following extract (Letter 7) will give our readers a fair specimen how each particular subject is treated :— “It gives me great pain, my dear Annie, to find that you still think that you shall never like the country so well as town. I do not, however, despair; for I am convinced that you do not at present know whether you shall like it or not. The pleasures of the town and the country are, indeed, so different, that it requires some time to become accustomed to the change; but when you are sufficiently well acquainted with country pursuits to take an interest in them, I am sure you will never feel any want of the pleasures of the town, The great secret of being happy is, to be able to occupy ourselves with the objects around us, so as to feel an interest in watching their changes ; and, when you can once do this in your present situation, you will no longer complain of dulness or want of excitement. To be convinced of the truth of what I say, you need only remember the pleasure your friend Mrs. P. C. takes in the cultivation of her garden ; the interest with which she watches the opening of her flowers, the. coming up of the seeds she has sown, and the growth of the trees she has planted. It is not the positive beauty of these things that THE LADY'S COUNTRY COMPANION. 135 occasions the pleasure she experiences in watching their changes, but the interest they have created in her mind; for the entomologist will find pleasure in the most hideous caterpillars, and the geologist will pass whole days delightfully among barren rocks. All that is wanted to give an interest in any subject is, a sufficient degree of knowledge respecting it to be aware of its changes, and our own natural love of variety will do the rest. “Tt is a great advantage in a country life, that its principal objects of interest must be found at home; and hence, as home is woman’s peculiar dominion, the noblest and the best feelings of the female heart are more likely to be called into action in the country than in the town. In youth, especially, the ameliorating effects of country pursuits will soon be perceptible, both morally and physically ; and your health, which has always been delicate in a town will, I have no doubt, in the country become positively robust. As the first step towards the attainment of this desirable object, let me recommend to you to have a flower-garden laid out as near the house as possible. I should like to have those cedars, the remainder of those gloomy firs, cleared away, which I see close to your house in your sketches, and your flower-garden so placed that you could step into it at once from the windows of your usual sitting-room. I will hope that this may be the case; and asI am most anxious that you should have a flower- garden to interest you as soon as possible, and asI must have a locale to make my descriptions understood, I will proceed to give you some hints as to the laying out and planting of a garden in the warm and sheltered corner under the southern window of-your morn- ing room. “In the first place, it will be absolutely necessary that the remainder of the trees should be not only cut down but grubbed up; as it will be quite impossible for any flowers to grow under the shade of tall thick trees, and leaving the roots would prevent the possibility of digging the ground, In other respects the situation is admirably adapted for the purpose, as it isopen to the south and south-east, and protected from the north and north-west. Supposing the Scotch pines and cedars to haye been cut down, their roots to have been grubbed up, and the ground to have been dug over and levelled; the next thing is to determine upon the plan for the garden. I think it should certainly be a regular geometric figure, and planted in 136 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. masses, each bed containing flowers of one kind, so as to produce something of the effect of a Turkey carpet when looked down upon from the windows of the house. I enclose you a design which I think will suit the situation, and I will adapt what I have to say to it, as my observations might easily be made suitable to another plan, if another should be found more desirable. “We will suppose the plan to consist of twelve flower-beds on grass, with a gravel walk round, which may be bordered on the side next your room by beds for flowers, with little gravel openings opposite each of your windows, or be plain gravel, as you like. There may be a conservatory into which the drawing-room windows facing the south may open, and on the other side there should be a shrubbery to unite it with the lawn. In the centre of the flower-garden there may bea fountain. As the fower-garden is to be seen principally from your windows, the beds nearest you should be planted with dwarf flowers, so that those in the back beds may be seen; and I should advise the shrubbery behind to consist of laurustinus and arbutus, so as to afford a handsome green background to the flowers in summer, and yet to afford a few flowers themselves in winter and spring, when flowers are scarce in the beds. ( To be continued.) PART II. LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. ALLAMANDA GRANDIFLORA. LArGe-FLOwERED. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) We re- cently figured the handsome Allamanda eathartica, but the present species is even superior to that, although the flowers are similar in colour, those of A. grandiflora are much larger. It is a native of Brazil, and was discovered hy Mr. Gardner, who sent it to the nursery of Mr. Cunningham, Comely-bank, Edinburgh. It is an evergreen climbing plant, well deserving a place in every warm greenhouse conservatory, or plant stove. It has bloomed finely in the gardens of Colonel Baker, of Salisbury, under the skilful management of Mr. Dodd. ANnGREcuUm apicuraTrom. (Bot. Mag. 4159.) Orchidacee. Gynandria Monandria, a native of Sierra Leone, introduced by Mr. Whitfield into this country in 1844. The flowers are produced on a drooping raceme of near a foot long. The flowers are white, with a tinge of pink at the ends of the petals. Each blossom is about two inches across. BeGonia RAMENTACEA. Tue Scaty. (Pax. Maz. Bot.) A native of Brazil, introduced into this country in 1840, and is now to be had in several of the London nurseries. It isan evergreen perennial. The leaves are a bright green above, and pink-red beneath. The flowers are of a pale blush, and white inter- mixed. Itis one of the prettiest species, well deserving a place in every stove, NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 137 Catcronarra apa. White flowered. (Bot. Mag. 4157.) Scrophularinez. Diandria Monogynia. A native of Chili, from whence Messrs. Veitch’s, of Exeter, received it, and with whom it bloomed last year. The plant is an half shrubby one, growing erect, branching, leaves about two inches long, and an eighth of an inch bread. The flowers are produced in large terminal branching panicles, of a pure white. : Corrmas. Garnes’ Seepuincs. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Rutacee, Octandria Monogynia. Mr. Gaines, Florist, of Battersea has been very successful in rais- ing several very handsome varieties of this lovely tribe of autumn and winter flowering plants. The kinds here figured are,— Picra. A rosy-crimson tube, with a bright green end. The flower is near an inch and a half long. . Rupescens. The entire of the flower is a deep rosy-crimson, rather longer than Picta. ; Dexicara. The flower is about half an inch long, tube very broad, and the mouth of the flower spreads much. The colour is a pretty pink. Ferruemea. The flower is aboutan inch long, of a sulphur-yellow; the ends being of an orange colour. Pauuwa. The flower is of a pale sulphur, about an inch and a quarter long. Picra was raised between virens and speciosa. Rusescens was raised between speciosa and Lindleyana. De.icara was raised between a/ba and one of the deep coloured. FrerruGinea was raised between a/ba and Grevillia. Patina was raised between alba and rufa. DENDROBIUM FIMBRIATUM VAR OcuULATUM. THE FRINGE-LIPPED, DARK- ryep. (Bot. Mag. 4160.) Orchidacee. Gynandria Monogynia. A native of Nepal, which bloomed the first time in this country in the Liverpool Botanic Garden. It has since bloomed in the royal gardens at Kew. The flowers are of a rich golden-yellow, with a dark blood-coloured eye-like spot on the centre of the Labellum, which adds greatly to the beauty of this otherwise very charming plant. Gooprnra Granpietora. Ovate-LEAvep. (Bot. Reg. 20.) Goodeniacer. Pentandria Monogynia. A native of New Holland or New Zealand. Itisa perennial, herbaceous, greenhouse plant. The flowers are yellow, with a few streaks of red. They are powerfully fragrant, very similar to the orange blos- som. Each flower is about an inch across. Jasminum AvvinE. Kinprep Jasmine. (Bot. Reg. 26.) Jasminacea. Di- andria Monogynia. Dr, Lindley considers this the wild officinal Jasmine. It differs in very little, and would, under ordinary circumstances, be deemed a mere variety with pink-tubed flowers. It is quite hardy. Each blossom is about one “he It is grown in the garden of the London Horticultural Society at iswick, Lupinus ramossimus. Brancuine Luring. (Rot. Reg. 25.) A native of Chimboraza. Seeds of it were sent by Mr. Haitweg to the London Horticultural Society, in whose garden it has bloomed. The flowers are blue and red, having the delightful fragrance of the sweet pea. It is a shrubby species. Perisrerta Humpo.pri, var. runvA. Humsotnt’s Dove Fiower, Tawny vLowERED. (Bot. Mag. 4156.) This very noble flowering orchideous plant is a native of Venezuela, discovered by Humboldt. It bloomed for the first time in this country in the collection of G. Barker, Esq., Springfield, near Birmingham. The flowers are produced on a raceme of about two feet long; they are nume- rous, fleshy, of a tawny-yellow colour, sprinkled over with an immense num- ber of purplish-brown spots. Each flower is about three inches across, Itis a noble plant, and well deserves to be in every collection. Vou. XIII. Mo. 148. M 138 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. SaLrrxanrHa coccinea. ScarueT-Trumper FLowER. (Bot. Mag. 4158.) Acanthacea. Didynamia Angiospermia. Myr. Purdie, botanical collector for the royal gardens at Kew, discovered this pretty flowering plant in Jamaica. It has bloomed in the stove at Kew during last autumn, and through winter. It is a low branching shrub. The flowers are produced in terminal spikes, trum~- pet-shaped, of a bright red outside, and white inside. Each flower is an inch long. It is very neat and pretty. Ecueverta Scuerru. Mr. Scueer’s. (Bot. Reg. 27.) Crassulacez. De- candria Pentagynia. A native of Mexico, introduced into this country by F. Scheer, Esq., of Kew. It is a greenhouse plant, blooming in winter. The flowers are produced in a long panicled raceme, pale red and green. Srannorea Buceruanus. Butt-Hornep Srannopza. (Bot. Reg. 24.) Or- chidaceez. Gynandria Monandria. It is a native of the woods of Paccha, found by Mr. Hartweg. It has bloomed in the collection in the Chiswick Gar- dens. It is one of the finest and rarest of Stanhopeas. The flowers are pro- duced on an erect stem, each blossom being about four inches across, of a rich bright golden colour, spotted beautifully with dark purple. They are deli- ciously fragrant. PLANTs NOTICED IN THE BoTanicaAL REGISTER, NOT FIGURED. Becon1A striamosa.—At Messrs. Loddiges’s. The flowers are white, produced in cymose panicles. Denprogpium ANosmum.—Messrs. Loddiges’s obtained it from the Phillippine Islands. Its blossoms have much the appearance of D. macrophylla; they are scentless. Itis a remarkable variety. Epipenprum RUFuM.—It was sent to the collection of Sir Charles Lemon, Bart., at Carclew, from Rio. It has bloomed at Sir Charles’s; the flower-scape rises about half a yard high, bearing a profusion of brownish-yellow flowers. Sprranruus Lobara.—A native of Mexico. The scape rises about half a yard high, having about a dozen of yellowish-green flowers, It is in the collection at Carclew. GALANTHUS REFLEXUs.—It was found on Mount Gargarus, by Mr. Lander, who sent it to the Dean of Manchester. The flowers are white, about half the size of the common Snowdrop. ° OponroGLossuM MEMBRANACEUM.—This very handsome species has bloomed at Messrs. Loddiges’s. The flowers are pure white, large, and margined with deep rose colour. They have the scent of bitter almonds. Oncipium GALLopavyiNum.—A native of Mexico, Sepals and petals greenish, stained with purple crimson. The lip is yellow. Carr.eyA PAPEIANSCIANA-—It appears to be a yariety of C. Loddigesia. Berarta cGLAucaA.—A native of Venezuela; discovered growing on the mountains. It there arrives at the height of 15 to 20 feet, being a companion to the Vaccineums, Gaultherias, &c. It appears to belong to the Ericee, and blooms nearly all the year, resembling a fine Azalia. Pranrs sEen At Nurseriss, &c. At Mr. Lowe’s, of Clapton. In the Stove. Beconra MANICULATA.—The plant is very branching, and the flowers a pretty delicate blush-pink. BeconrA PELTATA—The leaves are very large and a hoary-white. The panicled heads of flowers are very large; green and white. SipoPHYLLUM LonaIroLium.—The foliage is singularly pretty, being arranged as in nine rays from a common centre. Pavetra Bornonica.—The leaves are tolerably large, of a deep rich green, spotted numerously with bright yellow, the midril being of a deep red colour, The contrast of the whole produces a very pretty effect. NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 139 Laurus pumEo.—It has a fine oval-shaped evergreen leaf, and is said to be hardy, having been discovered on the same locality as Araucaria imbricata. If it proves to be so, it will be a very valuable addition to our out-door ornamental trees or shrubs. TrapescanTIA Zesrina.—The foliage is very pretty, of a deep green with bright silvery stripes. It is a trailing plant. At Messrs. Loddiges’s. Sprrea Reevest.—A pretty hardy shrub, producing fine clusters of white flowers. Pu#.Lanoprs AMABILE.—In fine bloom. Each flower about four inches across ; white, with the tip tinged with yellow and pink. Denprosium mMAcropHyLiumM.—White, with the lip inside of a deep velvet; very beautiful in contrast. There are four varieties of this species in the same house. D. FULCHELLUM var. PURPUREUM.—Blush, with purple and yellow; a very distinct variety. D. vrerarvi.—Pale blush, with a greenish-yellow labellum. CEneETocHILUs sETACEA.—The leaves are most beautiful; the deep velvet in contrast with golden veins. There are two other new unnamed species, having an equally beautiful foliage. LEpTorEs BIcoLor.—White, labellum purple, with white tip. PavetTa Borsonta.—Some fine specimens of this handsome leaved plant. Ecuires nurans.—A new species of this fine genus, not yet bloomed. CxrrBERA FRUTICOSA—The flower is much like a Phlox in form, about two inches across; blush, with a crimson eye. A pretty hot-house plant. GLApioLus GraciLis,—Having sky-blue coloured flowers. Greenhouse. G. nirsatus.—Pink with white centre. Mirpetia speciosa.—The flowers at first are a deep purple and change to white. A pretty pea-flowered plant for the greenhouse. EriosteMA ScABRA.—The flowers are produced numerously in spikes, white. E. cuspipata.—In large spikes, white tinged with rose, Mr. Lowe has raised some of the most beautiful seedling CAmeLL1as we have seen. No. 1, Lown’s Jusiter.—The flower is near six inches in diameter, equal to C, reticulata ; it is nearly double, having seven tiers of petals: although it shows a centre of stamens, they are of such a bright yellow, as to be so beauti- fully distinct, as to add to the fine effect; the petals are of fine form and sub- stance, regularly arranged, of a beautiful peach-rose colour, altogether render-_ ing it one of the finest in this country, and deserving a place in every collection. No. 2, Lowe's centivoLia.—This is a most beautiful distinct flower, being as double as the Cabbage Rose in its best form, and of a rich rosy-crimson. Like the other, it deserves a place wherever it can be grown. At Messrs. Chandler’s. Hysrin RuopopEeNprRons, Smirui-Cuanpuiert.—Rich purple-crimson, with numerous dark spots. R. venusrrum.—Deep purple, rosy centre, neatly spotted with dark. R. consricua.—Lilac-purple, light centre, prettily spotted with black. Corra@a spEciosa-vENTRICOSA.—Tube bellying, bright crimson; about one- third of it a deep green. C. sicoLor.—Blush with white end. The plant has been in bloom the entire of two years. Cuorozema Cuanpierr.—A dwarf variety, a very profuse bloomer, and the flowers large and distinct in colours, It is the best of the varieties we have seen. Epacris Ar_ezaNA.—The flowers are of a very pretty flesh colour. E. coccineza.—This new species was in vigorous bloom, the flowers are of a bright-carmine colour, very pretty. 140 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. E. ELEGANTIsstma.—The flowers are of a bright pink-crimson outside and blush inside. The end of the tube is deeply notched. The following Camellias were of the finest form :— C. Colvilli—white, rose stripes- C. eximia-coccinea—very compact and double. Duchess of Orleans—white striped with bright red. Very double, compact, and beautiful, one of the best grown. C. Leeana superba—fine crim- son, very double. C. Brucea—large, rich red; petals of thick substance. C. Chandleri-elegans—large, fine, rosy-blush. C. imbricata-alba—white with pink stripes. C. corallina—rich deep red; a very late flowering variety. C. King— white with pink stripes, very double. (To be continued.) PANT at: MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. QUERIES. On Eryrurina Lavurirorta.—I have kept a plant of the above in a cool greenhouse during winter, the root and crown appear sound, but it does not push shouts ; how am I to proceed in order to Succeed ? A SUBSCRIBER. [Shake off a portion of the old compost, repot (keeping the crown above the soil) in a soil consistiag of one part a rich turfy maiden loam, one part turfy sandy peat, and the other equal portion of old rotted hot-bed dung. Chopping them up well together, and then sprinkle amongst it a handful of charcoal dust, and another of bits of charcoal. Place the plant in a hot-house, or similar situation as to heat, and unless some casualty has destroyed the eyes at the crown it will soon push. Where several shoots arise, thin away in an early stage the superfluous ones, so as to retain a few in order to have them vigorous. When the shoots have extended a fvot in height the plant should be removed to a temperature of about sixty degrees. They require much light and a liberal portion of air to prevent them drawing up weakly. When the pot becomes filled with roots, repot, keeping the ball entire, and having a /iberal drainage. In its growing condition it usually requires a free supply of soft water, and frequent syringing underside of the leaves, in order to preserve it from the red spider, without which precaution, daily, it will be almost certain to be attacked. When the plant has done blooming it should be allowed gradual/y to become dry at the roots, and be preserved in a greenhouse, free from frost, till February. The top should not be cut down lower than about six inches from the crown.— Convucror. | BricHYcoMA IBERIDIFOLIA.—I want to have a bed in my flower-garden of this neat and pretty-flowering plant. With this intention I have sown seed in a pot, and am raising it in a hot-bed frame. I should be glad to know whether I may retain the plants in the seed-pot till the time of planting out in the open bed, with the prospect of fully succeeding, or whether the plants necessarily require to be potted singly as soon as fit, and then be put out with entire balls ? [The latter treatment is necessary, and to forward the plants as much as pos- sible by keeping them, after potting, in the frame for a week or two, and then place them in a warm greenhouse or gentle hot-bed frame, where air must be admitted freely, so as to have the plants robust by the middle of May, to turn out of the pots. A rich loam and sandy-peat, not sifted, suits well to grow them in, and in which they bloom profusely.—Conpbucror. | . MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE, 141 REMARKS. LONDON HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. May 6.—This being the season of Azaleas and Rhododendrons, several fine varieties of these showy plants were produced. Among the latter, perhaps, the most remarkable were cut blooms of R. formosum, miscalled Gibsoni, from the Duke of Devonshire’s gardens at Chiswick. This pretty East Indian species has been described for many years, but it is rarely to be met in gardens; on account of the plant having been grown in a stove the flowers were of a pure white, having much the appearance of large blooms of the white Indian Azalea: but when the plants are grown in a cooler house, and exposed to bright light, the flowers are beautifully streaked with pink, giving the plant a handsome appearance. Along with this was Dendrobium densiflorum, producing three handsome spikes of bright yellow blossoms. A certificate was awarded for the Rhododendron.—From Mr. J. Wells, gardener to W. Wells, Esq., were beautifully cut blooms of Rhododendrons, including R. caucasicum, a hardy rather dwart- spreading species, and R. campanulatum, a perfectly hardy Indian species, of considerable beauty, which will suffer any amount of cold without the least injury. The latter is easily distinguished by its somewhat large and flat foliage, the underside of which is covered with a soft ferruginous down, and by its large white flowers which are tinged with pink. The principal part of these Rhododendrons had been kept during winter under the canvass of a Tulip shade, assisted by mats at the sides in very severe weather, but exposed to the weather at all favourable times. A Banksian medal was awarded for the latter. —Messrs. Cunningham and Orr, Manchester, sent a hardy hybrid Rhododen- dron, with light-coloured blossoms, apparently a cross between R. caucasicum and some of the common hardy kinds.—From Mr. Jackson, of Kingston, was a pale-coloured seedling Rhododendron, very distinctly marked with dark brown spots.—Finally, the Dean of Winchester sent a collection of blooms of hybrid Rhododendrons in excellent condition, including one named R. campanulatum, which appeared, however, to be a spurious variety of that species. These were mentioned to have stood the whole of this untoward winter unprotected in the open gardens, at Bishopstoke, where the plants are now in full beauty. They were mostly red kinds, having in them much of the crimson arboreum. Along with these were cut blooms of Magnolia Soulangeana, a cross between conspicua and purpurea; M. purpurea and gracilis ; the latter like purpurea, but smaller. A Banksian Medal was awarded for these.—Mr. Errington, gardener to Sir P. G. Egerton, Bart., again sent a collection of seedling Cacti, among which, one named regalis is a fine showy scarlet flower, measuring fully six inches across. Several others also possessed considerable beauty—From Messrs. Veitch and Son, of Exeter, was Bletia catenulata, which was found by their collector, Mr. Lobb, growing on dry sandy hills, near Muna, in Peru. It isthe original species named by the Spanish botanists after Don Louis Blet, whose name the genus bears, and is not known to have been before introduced into this country —Mr. Ayres, gardener to J. Cook, Esq., sent Begonias coccinea and suaveolens, the lat- ter remarkable for its fragrance ; a Cactus called Conway’s Giant, a large, noble- looking flower; Leschenaultia Baxterii; and Chorozema angustifolium, a New Holland species of considerable beauty. A Banksian Medal was awarded for this and the Begonias.—From Mr. Cole, gardener to C. Lewis, Esq., was the larger variety of Correa speciosa, and a see Cineraria.—R. Golledge, Esq., sent a collection of Calceolarias.—From Mr. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence, was a perfectly hardy scarlet Rhododendron, and an exceedingly handsome Erica pro- pendens, which was covered from the soil in which it grew to the top with multi- tudes of pretty little pink bells; a Banksian Medal was awarded for it.—Messrs. Loddiges sent Epacris miniata; a species of recent introduction, having much of the aspect of E. grandiflora, but possessing peculiarities which readily distin- uish it from that species. The flowers are long, of a rosy-pink colour, passing into pure white at the end of the tubes; indeed, we can scarcely imagine any- thing more beautiful than this plant when in full bloom; it was awarded a Bank- sian Medal.—Mr. Lawrence, of Parliament-street, sent a small watering-pot, for plants in sitting-rooms, which was worked on the same principle as the one 142 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. exhibited at a former meeting.—From the garden of the Society were plants of the white and purple Indian Azaleas; Chorozema varium, a handsome Swan River shrub; Gesnera Douglasii; Aschynanthus maculatus, an Indian species, with bright scarlet blossoms; Cyrtochilum hastatum ; Eriostemon buxifolium, a pretty New Holland shrub, bearing multitudes of showy flowers, and deserving a place in every greenhouse; varieties of Epidendrum macrochilum and Oncei- dium ampliatum ; Spirea Reevesiana, a hardy species, but whose pretty heads of white flowers and fine green foliage render it well worthy of a place in the greenhouse, where it is very ornamental at this season; Clematis Sieboldii, and: two Cinerarias. Seeds of Buddlea Lindleyana were distributed to such Fellows as wished to receive them. This is a native of Chusan, where it was found by Mr. Fortune, growing in ravines and on banks, in company with Glycine sinen- sis; it is said to form a fine shrub five or six feet in height, with clusters of deep violet flowers, probably as large as those of the Persian Lilac. It is supposed that it will turn out to be hardy, —y ROYAL BOTANIC SOCIETY, LONDON. Tue first exhibition for the season was held on May 6, in the Gardens, inner circle, Regent’s Park. The morning was gloomy, yet no rain fell until after the gates were opened, at two o’clock, Those patrons of gardening, whom no weather heretofore ever daunted, had apparently on the present occasion lost all their enthusiasm, for when the gates were thrown open, scarcely a dozen persons had assembled for admission, and not a single carriage, with the exception of two cabs, had made its appearance. The garden itself, which was in good order, looked cheerless, with its numerous empty benches. When the rain began to fall the military bands took shelter under the canvass, which afforded during the afternoon ample space for the company to patrole up and down, listening to the music. The exhibition itself, although inferior to former seasons, was creditable to the growers, evincing improvement in plant culture, The Azaleas which were expected to have beew in great perfection, were inferior to many former ex- hibitions, and the collections of Orchidaceous plants were much below the average. Of new plants there were scarcely any worth recording, unless it was the new Gompholobium from Messrs, Lucombe, Pince, and Co. In the general collections there were some striking specimens. Eriostemon buxifolium, from Messrs. Veitch, of Exeter, was an extraordinary plant, in the highest possible perfection; so also was an Erica aristata, from Mr. May, as regarded health, but not in good bloom. There were some noble specimens of Erica Cavendishii; that in Mr, Pawley’s collection was in robust health, although scarcely in flower. In the same group was also a gorgeous specimen of the double red Azalea, just in its prime, and literally loaded with blooms. In the collections of Messrs. Hunt and Barnes were some wonderful specimens of cultivation, and Mr, Green had some fine plants ; Azalea yariegata stood out in bold relief, a perfect mass of bloom ; in his collection, also, were two new kinds of which much was expected, viz. exquisita and prelautissima. They, however, were inferior to many of the older varieties. The Roses of Messrs. Lane and Son were done superbly, so also were the Pelargoniums of Mr. Gaines, of Battersea. We cannot omit mentioning that the spelling of the names in many of the col- lections was extremely inaccurate, a circumstance whith has a tendency to mis- lead the visitors, and betrays great carelessness on the part of the exhibitor. Large collections of 30 Stove and Greenhouse Plants were contributed by Mr, Hunt, gardener to Miss Traill; Mr. Barnes, gardener to G. W. Norman, Esq. ; and Mr. Green, gardener to Sir E. Antrobus, Bart. Beautiful specimens of Cars Hearus were exhibited in great variety, and ex- | cited considerable interest. The best collection was from the garden of EK, Goodheart, Esq.; it contained noble bushes of mundula, perspicua nana, and propendens, the latter literally covered with blossoms; a well-grown aristata major; a large specimen of grandinosa; and several others, exhibiting equally good management. The display of Rosss in pots, considering the season, was excellent ; the plants were exceedingly well grown, and reflected the highest credit on the cultivators, Collections were produced by Mr. Lane, Mr. Slowe, and Mr. Beck. = MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 143 In Azatias, a first prize was awarded to Mr. Green, for a collection containing variegata in fine condition ; speciosissima, producing large bright rose-coloured blossoms; and a good plant of Indica alba.—In the Nurserymen’s class a first prize was awarded to Mr. Smith, of Norbiton, for a collection containing good plants of formosa, bicolor nova, the old Indica alba, and splendens.—Mr. Gaines obtained a second prize for a group, in which were pulchella, Queen Victoria, Florida, and floribunda; the latter covered with blossoms of a most intense scarlet colour. Some good specimens were also exhibited by Mr. Clarke, who sent a splendid plant of the double-red, and an excellent double-flowered pur- purea.—Mr. Slowe likewise furnished very fine plants of Indica alba and plu- mosa; and in Mr, Hunt’s collection was a most beautiful lateritia, and a mag- nificent plant of splendens, 5 feet in height and 3 feet through. The display of PeLtarconiums exceeded our expectations. The collections which contained the new and distinct varieties were not only the most interesting, but they were produced in finer condition, than the older sorts. Mr, J. Dobson, gardener to Mr. E. Beck, had no competitor in this class. Carcroranrias.—First prize, Mr. Gaines, for six distinct and well-grown varieties, named Sylph, Eclipse, Candidate, Vivid, Venosa, and Crimson Su- erb. Y Cineranias were shown in collections of four distinct varieties, in 11-inch ots. y SEEDLINGs were not numerous in any class. Two Seedling Pelargoniums of the present year from Mr. Beck, of Isleworth, Named Hebe’s Lip and Patrician, received Certificates of Merit; both flowers are large, of good substance, and form, and should they retain their present good qualities will find their way into every good collection. Resplendent,a seedling of 1844, from the same grower, is a high-coloured variety, with a white centre, and remarkably clear and strik- ing in appearance. Among MisceLLangous Oxsects were six handsome plants of Schizanthus, from Mr. Cox, of Stockwell.—A collection of Britis Ferns from Mr. Taylor, and an ingenious device executed with cut flowers, illustrating the principles of arrangement and combination of colours of plants in beds, in a flower-garden, from Mr. Barton. OBSERVATIONS ON THE GARDENS AND COLLECTIONS OF PLANTS AT EALING PARK, NEAR LONDON. Tax name of Mrs, Lawrence is so familiar to every one interested in horticultural pursuits, and her magnificent plants, long associated with the great Exhibitions of the Horticultural Society, are so well known and appreciated, that every lover of gardens will be interested in hearing of the actual state of the collection at Ealing Park on the eve of those occasions when the choicest are again to be produced for public competition, Ealing Park, then, has been singularly favoured this winter, compared with other suburban residences; so fresh and luxuriant are all the evergreens, that one might be led into the belief that a great glass-house had sheltered the whole. The Lavrustinus are blossoming freely, so also are the crimson Rhodo- dendrons ; Garrya elliptica; and Euonymus variegatus are quite unscathed; Aralia japonica and Paulownia imperialis are bursting out with their wonted vigour ; a fine plant of Arbutus procera is just coming into flower; Photinia ser- rulata and Maclura aurantiaca are both unhurt, and so is Berberis trifoliata, a rare shrub of great beauty and interest. Ceanothus thyrsiflorus has been killed almost everywhere near London; but at Ealing Park, against a wall, it appears as green as if we had had no winter at all. The lawn, connected with the house, occupies a surface of several acres, studded all over with valuable objects of great interest; amongst them we observed the following :—Fine plants of Picea Webbiana, P. nobilis, P. amabilis, Pinus Montezuma, P. monticola; indeed all the scarce and valuable sorts pro- curable in the vicinity of London. A great number of Deodars, Araucarias, &c., are occasionally grouped over this lawn, which, with great propriety, may be termed a Pine-grove ; one remarkable feature is an avenue of Cedrus deodara, 144 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. which, in the course of a few years, will be a grand object, especially when look- ing from the lower part of the grounds towards an appropriate building, called Pope’s Temple. In passing through the grounds the visitor is occasionally and imperceptibly brought into the view of some charming little scene, suddenly bursting upon him; so skilfully have the sentiments of the poet been carried into effect :— “ More cautiously will taste its stores reveal ; Its greatest art is, aptly to conceal ; To lead, with secret guile, the prying sight To where component parts may best unite.” In going from the house, in one direction, you pass through an arch, forming a part of an architectural screen projecting from the principal building, and approach a piece of ornamental water; the walk on both sides is flanked with a row of Irish Yews, the effect of which is excellent. The Belvidere rises in the centre of the water, immediately before the spectator. The taste, however, which dictated such an arrangement, we are quite certain could never subscribe to the beds of herbaceous plants surrounding the water, and we were gla:! to find that their Gays were numbered. There is a piece of rock-work recently executed at considerable cost, representing some remnant of antiquity near Jerusalem; doubtless, this is accomplished with great truth, and much faithful- ness in all its details. A noble Cedar of some two hundred years’ growth sheds a sacred halo over these representations of antiquity; contiguous to this also is a lovely dell with fountains, and other appropriate objects ofa similar kind, overshadowed with Willows from the tomb of Napoleon, at St. Helena. Close by are some fine specimens of Cercis siliquastrum, a princely Cherry-tree of great size, and an extraordinary Juglans nigra of immense growth. On this lawn we also noticed Ilex latifolia, and a singular Juniper, introduced by Lord Auckland, and presented to Mrs. Lawrence; it is of compact growth, and of a singular purplish glaucous hue; various architectural objects are judi- ciously placed about the grounds, and not the least of them is an ornamental dairy, beautifully, yet chastely fitted up with numerous specimens of natural history, as well as objects of art, decorative in character, yet appropriately ap- lied. Close tothe mansion is a conservatory, or rather greenhouse, chiefly filled with splendid Camellias in capital health, just gone out of bloom ; on the outside are placed two superb plants of Araucaria excelsa, giving quite a cha- racter to that side of the building; leaving this conservatory, and proceeding through the shrubbery on the night from the house, the visitor is brought at once in front of the principal hothouses; in approaching them you pass through a flower-garden, chiefly appropriated to summer ornamental flowering plants, with various accompaniments of vases, statues, rock-work, &c., and in the centre a basin of water with a Triton fountain. Those hothouses are filled with plants of no ordinary kind, not only as regards their intrinsic value, but particularly with reference to the care and skill bestowed in their cultivation. Taking these two circumstances together few private establishments in this, or as far as we know, any other country, can approach the collection at Ealing Park ; such an assemblage of the most valuable objects in this branch of natural history could only have been brought together at great cost, aided by an enthusiasm that knows no limit ; these botanical riches are open to public inspection by appli- cation at Ealing Park on certain days. There are four houses filled chiefly with New Holland plants, two of them measure 65 feet by 17 each, all of them with span roofs. A new forcing pit, 38 feet long, is heated with water underneath the bed of earth, in which are growing Cucumbers and Melons, and a few rare plants, We remarked two new species of Gesnera, Pleroma Benthamianum, Luculia Pin- ceana, Luxemburgia ciliosa, the beautiful Cyrtoceras reflexum, Rondeletia sul- phurea, Allamanda grandiflora, Echites melaleuca; Portlandia grandiflora, an old, but first-rate, plant; Hindsia violacea, Pavetta borbonica, Erythrochiton Braziliensis, and the extraordinary new Pitcher Plant called Nepenthes Rafflesii ; there were also several large plants of Clerodendron fallax, C. Kempferi, C. squamatum, and C. macrophyllum, and a fine plant of the splendid Gardenia Sherbournia. J. FRANCISCEA POHLIANA. 2. TROPEOLUM BRICKWOODI. Florieultural Cabiner. ber, £8 bos) iv L | on ie iy . eaters a Pl ai! r ~? " L bay hea . ' a 4 > , ” - ‘ j = / . a : ‘ . “ en a’? $ Oe ; “se , Seng , ad ‘ wes ran ‘ Ae J : Vy d : / LNpledenia CLASLAMOMLM. flcriculitir2. Cabsrtcl July, T8#5. THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, JULY lst, 1845. PARTI. _ EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. DIPLADENIA CRASSINODA. (Thick-jointed.) Tus very beautiful flowering plant was originally discovered by Mr. Gardner, on the Corcovada Mountains, in the neighbourhood of Rio Janeiro. It requires a stove temperature and moist atmosphere in order to grow it in full vigour, but it will bloom well in a warm conservatory ; and, being an evergreen climbing shrubby plant, when in bloom forms a most splendid object. It was assigned to the Echites, but has now been separated, along with E. atropurpurea and E. splendens, and named Dipladenia. It bears somewhat of the appearance of E. splendens, but is much richer in colour, and has the addition of a fine orange-coloured throat, which gives such a beautiful contrast. The plant grows rapidly, blooms freely, and is easy to cultivate: it well deserves to be in every collection. A handsome specimen was exhibited at the Royal Botanic Gardens Show, held June 10th, 1845. 1, FRANCISCEA POHLIANA. (Pohl’s Franciscea.) Our drawing of this species was made at the nursery of Messrs. Loddiges’, Hackney, who, we understand, received it from Brazil. It is a pleasing kind, and of very free growth. ‘The specific name Vou, XIII, No, 149. N 146 VASALIA FLORIBUNDA. was given in compliment to M. Pohl, the celebrated German bo- tanist. 2. TROPAOLUM BRICKWOODII. (Brickwood’s Indian-cress.) Seeds of this plant were brought from Chili by Mr. Brickwood, and presented by him to H. Berens, Esq., Sidcup, Kent, in whose garden it has bloomed this spring. It isa pretty and delicately coloured species, bearing a slight re- semblance to T. brachyceras: unlike that variety, however, it is quite a free bloomer, and therefore a very desirable improvement. The same treatment as applied to T. tricolor will succeed in its cultivation. 1. SIPHOCAMPYLUS COCCINEA. (Scarlet-flowered.) The brilliant colour of the flowers, their large size, and distinct bushy growth of this new species of Siphocampylus, is remarkable. It was received from South America by Messrs. James Veitch and Son, of the Killerton Nursery, Exeter,—gentlemen who have recently become famous for the many beautiful productions they have intro- duced, and which we have from time to time had occasion to notice in our remarks upon new or rare plants. A specimen of our present subject was shown in May and June last at the Chiswick and Regent’s Park exhibitions. 2, VASALIA FLORIBUNDA. (Abundant-flowering.) This beautiful plant has bloomed in the nurseries of Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., and Messrs. Veitch and Son, at Exeter ; and a plant from each of these gentlemen was exhibited last month at the Royal Botanic Society’s Show, that from the former being awarded a prize. It is a charming greenhouse shrub, being graceful in habit, and freely producing its lovely-coloured pendant blossoms. In a soil of turfy sandy peat, having a small portion of leaf mould mixed, and a free drainage, the plant appears to luxuriate. As soon as plants are ready for sale, we have no doubt it will be noticed in our advertising sheet. ON PLANTING OUT PELARGONIUMS. 147 ARTICLE II. OBSERVATICNS UPON PREPARING PELARGONIUMS, &c., FOR PLANTING OUT TO BLOOM IN THE OPEN FLOWER-BED DURING SUMMER. BY C. C., OF SOMERSET, Havine observed in the June Cazrner an Article on growing various plants in beds, and considering it not to go far enough in detail, and as the season for the final arrangement of the flower-beds is arrived, I am desirous to offer a few hints thereon for insertion in your valuable journal. It may be proper in the first place to state the best way to prepare the various plants for the beds. At the beginning of March, when the plants begin to grow, my practice is to shorten the various plants I intend planting out in the beds down to three or four joints, which will induce the production of many shoots; which, by the later part of the month, will form strong bushy plants, fit to be placed under some temporary shelter till the proper season for planting them out in the beds. Cuttings struck in the spring, as soon as they begin to grow, have their shoots shortened in the same way, being very careful to remove any flower-buds that appear till after the plants are planted in the beds, which will strengthen them a great deal. Scarlet Pelar- goniums treated in this manner will require no pegging, as they are very liable to split at the jomts; but Salvias, Verbenas, Anagallises, Heliatropes, Petunias, &c., I should recommend to be pegged down, not by wooden pegs, but strings of matting six inches long put over the shoot, and fastened in the ground by a small setting stick. One person can do more this way than two with wooden pegs, and the matting will not injure the most delicate shoots. Persons who grow Annuals in beds, Ishould recommend to gather the seed-pods as soon as the flowers are decayed, which will greatly prolong their bloom; but if the seed-pods are left to perfect their seed, the plants will soon decay. Take, for example, that beautiful annual, the Nemophila insignis ; if the flowers are removed as soon as they begin to flag, it will prolong its duration a full month. If any person wishes to save seed, I should advise them to sow a patch in the kitchen-garden. P.S. It has been hinted by a friend of mine that it would not be N 2 148 ON DOUBLE SWEET WILLIAMS. amiss to suggest to the Conductor whether it would not be most acceptable to the numerous readers of the CapineT to insert occa- sionally some of the communications discussed at the Gardeners’ Mutual Instruction Societies, some of which are no doubt valuable. [Any forwarded to us of the character named, we will insert with pleasure.—ConbuctTor.] ARTICLE III. OBSERVATIONS UPON DOUBLE SWEET WILLIAMS. BY CLERICUS. For the last four years, I have been collecting and growing all the varieties of double-flowered Sweet Williams I could obtain. I have eighteen very dissimilar and beautiful varieties, varying in gradation from a white ground spotted with red, crimson, and purple, through the various shades of pink, rose, lilac, purple, scarlet, and crimson. I need not attempt to eulogize the flowers of this beautiful and ovely tribe ; all admire Sweet Williams, and especially the double kinds, By proper attention in culture, I have my flowers not only very double, but three-quarters of an inch across; ‘and these produced in fine corymbous heads, give a fine effect, especially so when the fine colours are so distinctively arranged as to have the best contrast. They are beautiful, whether grown in masses or singly, and well merit a situation in every flower-garden. I grow mine in a good, moderately rich, loamy soil, upon a dry subsoil. JI increase them by taking off slips in July: these soon strike root in pots placed under a hand-glass, or in a frame, insert- ing them in a moist, yellow sand: they would most likely root as well in sandy loam or sandy peat. I pot them singly towards the end of September, and keep them in a dry cool frame during winter turning them out entire at the end of March. I can strongly recommend these lovely flowers to the notice of all persons who desire to have beautiful dwarf flowers for ornamenting the flower-garden. Some of my varieties I procured at nursery gardens, and others I met with in the gardens of various friends, to which I have added eight splendid seedlings of my own raising. ON THE GARDENS OF MEXICO. 149 ARTICLE IV. REMARKS ON THE GARDENS, &., OF MEXICO, EXTRACTED FROM PRESCOTT’S HISTORY OF THE CONQUEST OF MEXICO. BY AN AMATEUR FLORIST, In the above-named work I have been much pleased to find numerous particulars relative to the gardens of Mexico, and of some of the finest plants of that country ; and as we are indebted to that fine part of the world for many of our most beautiful flower-garden plants, I am persuaded it will be interesting to the readers of the CaBinet to peruse anything of a floral character connected with Mexico, I therefore send the following for insertion. “The Garden of an Aztee Monarch—1400 to 1500 (a.v.)— Nezahualcoyotl’s fondness for magnificence was shown in his nu- merous villas, which were embellished with all that could make a rural retreat delightful. His favourite residence was at Tezcotzinco, a conical hill about two leagues from the capital. It was laid out in terraces, or hanging gardens, having a flight of steps, 520 in number, many of them hewn in the natural porphyry. In the garden, on the summit, was a reservoir of water, fed by an aqueduct, that was carried over hill and valley for several miles, on huge buttresses of masonry. A large rock stood in the midst of this basin, sculptured with hieroglyphics representing the years of Nezahualcoyotl’s reign, and his principal achievements in each. On a lower level were three other conservatories, in each of which stood a marble statue of a woman, emblematic of the three states of the empire. Another tank contained a winged lion, cut out of the solid rock, bearing in its mouth the portrait of the emperor. His likeness had been executed in gold, wood, feather-work, and stone, but this was the only one that pleased him. From these copious basins the water was distributed in numerous channels through the gardens, or was made to tumble over the rocks in cascades, shedding refreshing dews on the flowers and odoriferous shrubs below. In the depths of this fragrant wilderness marble porticoes and pavilions were erected, and baths excavated in the solid porphyry, which are still shown by the ignorant natives as the ‘“ Baths of Montezume!”? The visitor de- scended by steps cut in the living stone, and polished so bright as to reflect like mirrors. Towards the base of the hill, in the midst of 150 . ON THE GARDENS OF MEXICO; cedar groves, whose gigantic branches threw a refreshing coolness over the verdure in the sultriest seasons of the year, rose the royal villa, with its light arcades and airy halls, drinking in the sweet perfumes of the gardens. Here the monarch often retired to throw off the burden of state, and refresh his wearied spirits in the society of his favourite wives ; reposing, during the noontide heats, in the embowering shades of his paradise, or mingling in the cool of the evening in their festive sports and dances. Here he entertained his imperial brothers of Mexico and Ilacopans, and followed the hardier pleasures of the chase in the noble woods that stretched for miles around his villa, flourishing in all their primeval majesty. Here, too, he often repaired in the latter days of his life, when age had tem- pered ambition, and cooled the ardour of his blood, to pursue in solitude the studies of philosophy, and gather wisdom from medita- tion. The extraordinary accounts of the Tescucan architecture are confirmed, in the main, by the relics which still cover the hill of Tezcotzinco, or are half buried beneath its surface. They attract little attention indeed in the country, where their true history has long since passed into oblivion; while the traveller, whose curiosity leads him to the spot, speculates on their probable origin; and as he stumbles over the huge fragments of sculptured porphyry and granite, refers them to the primitive races who spread their colossal archi- tecture over the country long before the coming of the Acolhuans and the Aztecs. ** And here, also, they beheld those fairy islands of flowers, over- shadowed occasionally by trees of considerable size, rising and falling with the gentle undulations of the billows. Here, again, they found fresh cause for admiration in the grandeur of the city, and the supe- rior style of its architecture. The dwellings of the poorer classes were, indeed, chiefly of reeds and mud. But the great avenue through which they were now marching was lined with the houses of the nobles, who were encouraged by the emperor to make the capital their residence. They were built of a red porous stone, drawn from quarries in the neighbourhood, and, though they rarely rose to a second story, often covered a large space of ground. The flat roofs, azoteas, were protected by stone parapets, so that every house was a fortress. Sometimes these roofs resembled parterres of flowers; so thickly were they covered with them; but more frequently these ON THE GARDENS OF MEXICO. 151 were cultivated in broad terraced gardens, laid out between the edifices. Occasionally a great square or market-place intervened, surrounded its porticoes of stone and stucco; or a pyramidal temple reared its colossal bulk, crowned with its tapering sanctuaries, and altars blazing with inextguishable fires. The great street facing the southern causeway, unlike most others in the place, was wide, and extended some miles in nearly a straight line, as before noticed, through the centre of the city. A spectator standing at one end of it, as his eye ranged along the deep vista of temples, terraces, and gardens, might clearly discern the other, with the blue mountains in the distance, which, in the transparent atmosphere of the table-land, seemed almost in contact with the buildings. As they (the Spaniards) passed down the spacious street, the troops repeatedly traversed bridges suspended above canals, along which they saw the Indian barks gliding swiftly with their little cargoes of fruits and vegetables for the markets, &c. “The Chinampas, that archipelago of wandering islands, have, also, nearly disappeared. These had their origin in the detached masses of earth, which, loosening from the shores, were still held together by fibrous roots, with which they were penetrated. The primitive Aztecs, in their poverty of land, availed themselves of the hint thus afforded by nature. They constructed rafts of reeds, rushes, and other fibrous materials, which, tightly knit together, formed a sufficient basis for the sediment that they drew up from the bottom of the lake. Gradually islands were formed, two or three hundred feet in length, and three or four feet in depth, with a rich stimulated soil, on which the economical Indian raised his vegetables and flowers for the markets of Tenochtitlan. Some of these Chinampas were even firm enough to allow the growth of small trees, and to sustain a hut for the residence of the person who had the charge of it, who with a long pole, resting on the sides or bottom of the shallow basin, could change the position of his little territory at pleasure, which, with its rich freight of vegetable stores, was seen moving like some enchanted island over the water. How gay and picturesque must have been the aspect in those days with its shining cities, and flower- ing islets, rocking, as it were, at anchor on the fair bosom of its waters, The gardens of Huaxtepec are thus described :—‘‘ The Spanish 152 ON THE GARDENS OF MEXICO. general Sandoval took up his quarters in the dwelling of the lord of the place, surrounded by gardens which rivalled those of Iztapalapan in magnificence, and surpassed them in extent. They are said to have been two leagues in circumference, having pleasure houses, and numerous tanks stocked with various kinds of fish, and they were embellished with trees, shrubs, and plants, native and exotic; some selected for their beauty and fragrance, others for their medicinal properties. They were scientifically arranged; and the whole of the establishment displayed a horticultural taste and knowledge, of which it would not have been easy to find a counterpart at that day in the more civilized communities of Europe. Such is the testimony not only of the rude conquerers, but of men of science, who visited these beautiful repositories in the day of their glory. “But the best wealth of the first settlers was in the vegetable productions of the soil, whether indigenous or introduced from abroad by the wise economy of Cortés. He had earnestly recommended the Crown to require all vessels coming to the country to bring over a certain quantity of seeds and plants. He made it a condition of the grants of land on the plateau, that the proprietor of every estate should plant a specified number of vines in it. He further stipulated, that no one should get a clear title to his estate until he had occupied it eight years. He knew that permanent residence could alone create that interest in the soil which would lead to its efficient culture ; and that the opposite system had caused the impoverish- ment of the best plantations in the islands. His various regulations, some of them not a little distasteful to the colonists, augmented the agricultural resources of the country by the addition of the most important European grains, and other vegetables, for which the diversified climate of New Spain was admirably adapted. The sugar-cane was transplanted from the neighbouring islands to the lower level of the country, and, together with indigo, cotton, and cochineal, formed a more desirable staple for the colony than its precious metals. Under the sun of the tropics, the peach, the almond, the orange, the vine, and the olive, before unknown there, flourished in the gardens of the table-land, at an elevation twice as creat as that at which the clouds are suspended in summer above our heads. The importation of a European fruit or vegetable was hailed by the simple colonists with delight. The first produce of the exotic -* ON THE GARDENS OF MEXICO. 153 was celebrated by a festival, and the guests greeted each other as on the appearance of an old familiar friend who called up the remem- brance of the past, and the tender associations of their native land. ““The Banana, so generally heard of, is a celebrated plant in Mexico. Another is the Cacao, the fruit of which furnished the chocolate,—from the Mexican chocolate—now so common a beverage throughout Europe. The Vanilla, confined to a small district of the sea-coast, was used for the same purposes, of flavouring food and drink, as with us. The great staple of the country, as, indeed, of the American continent, was Maize, or Indian corn, which grew freely along the valleys, and up the steep sides of the Cordilleras, to the high level of the table-land, The Aztecs were as curious in their preparation, and as well instructed in its manifold uses, as the most expert New-England housewife. Its gigantic stalks in these equi- noxial regions afford a saccharine matter not found to the same extent in northern latitudes, and supplied the natives with sugar little inferior to that of the cane itself, which was not introduced among them till after the conquest. Hernandez, who celebrates the manifold: ways in,which the Maize was prepared, derives the name from the Haytian word Mahiz. But the miracle of nature was the great Mexican Aloe, or Magney, whose clustering pyramids of flowers, towering above their dark coronals of leaves, were sprinkled oyer many a broad acre of the table-land. Its bruised leaves afford a paste, from which paper was manufactured ; its juice was fermented into an intoxicating beverage, puwlque, of which the natives to this day are excessively fond; its leaves further supply an impenetrable thatch for the more humbler dwellings; thread, of which coarse stuffs were made, and strong cords, were drawn from its tough and twisted fibres ; pins and needles were made of the thorns at the extremity of its leaves; and the root, when properly cooked, was converted into a palatable and nutritious food. The Agave, in short, was meat, drink, clothing, and writing materials, for the Aztec! Surely never did nature enclose in so compact a form many of the elements of human comfort and civilization. It would be obviously out of place to enumerate in these pages all the varieties of plants, many of them of medicinal virtue, which have been brought from Mexico into Europe. Still less can I attempt a catalogue of its flowers, which, with their variegated and gaudy colours, form the greatest attraction of our 154 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS greenhouse. The opposite climates embraced within the narrow latitude of New Spain have given to it, probably, the richest and most diversified flowers to be found in any country on the globe. The different products were systematically arranged by the Aztecs, who understood their properties, and collected them into nurseries more extensive than any then existing in the Old World. It is not im- probable that they suggested the idea of those ‘ gardens of plants,’ which were introduced into Europe not many years after the conquest. The first regular establishment of this kind, according to Carli, was at Padua in 1545.” ARTICLE V. THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS OF THE METROPOLIS. AN opportunity of great utility is afforded the cultivator of flowers by floral exhibitions: by the assemblage of numerous choice and new kinds of plants, he can early become acquainted with such as are good; he may besides learn a great deal in successful cultivation by noting much of the manner adopted in growing the finest specimens he sees; and thus is rendered more general that kind of superior skill which, without these exhibitions, would continue confined to a few, just as it was previous to the system of annual exhibitions being adopted. Public competition creates animation, and tends to rouse into exertion all the cultivator’s capabilities with a determination of equalling his compeers. Under the influence of causes like these, im- provement spreads; like as the circles formed in water, when dis- turbed by a blow,—at first there is a little agitation exclusively at the point of displacement, but the tranquil fluid once set in motion, the ripple spreads, and its circumference is quickly extended till it embraces the whole breadth of the stream. The extensive patronage received by the principal floral societies of London enables them to give exhibitions upon an extensive and liberal scale ; and the facility offered by the numerous railways now established, of a speedy, cheap, and easy conveyance for plants, will no doubt induce persons having new and good things to send them to some of these exhibitions. We have therefore determined, from time to time, to publish, for the benefit of our readers, and especially those residing at a great distance, a detailed account of OF THE METROPOLIS. 155 each exhibition, commencing with that of the first show for this year of the HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, Chiswick, May 24. This exhibition, regarded as a whole, was exceedingly fine, and indeed, we believe, the best the society ever had. Some idea of its extent may be formed from the fact that, in addition to the usual several commodious tents, a new one of 100 feet long, and containing about 300 feet of tables, was added, and yet it was found necessary to construct additional staging for a large number of plants. The general excellence of the specimens in all the collections was very remarkable; in Orchidaceze especially, the display was magnificent, and the collections of stove and greenhouse plants were likewise very superior: the most prominent features in all these we shall particu- larize as we proceed. The new species of plants shown were but few, and in seedling florist-flowers the best was Mr. Beck’s Pelargo- niums, and the Calceolarias of Messrs. Kinghorn and Gaines; in the latter was two or three deserving of particular mention, although no prizes were awarded to them, viz., Rosina (Kinghorn), Hope (King- horn), and Gaines’s Conspicua and Flora. In Mr. Hoyles’s Pelar- goniums the one we most fancied was called Chimborazo, a large good shaped flower, of some substance, and much smoother than his others. The visitors to the meeting numbered 3622, all of whom appeared highly delighted with the splendid display they witnessed, and as the day was fine, would have returned home gratified with the agreeable- ness of the whole, were it not that by about half-past four o’clock soine heavy clouds arose, and presently discharged torrents of rain upon the scene; consequently, all those unprovided with large umbrellas, amongst which unfortunate number we happened to be, had no chance of escaping from the tent they were under but with a com- plete soaking. We hope arrangements will be made to prevent such a disagreeable termination to future meetings, by constructing a covered passage from one of the garden entrances to the tents, as Well as to connect them with each other. The regulations of the society enable all persons, whether fellows of the society or not, to send subjects for exhibition; but the society 156 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS request exhibitors will notify in writing, previous to the day of meet- ing, what plants they intend to ‘supply, in order that due provision may be made for the proper distribution of the specimens on the tables. As it is necessary that the judges should proceed to consider the respective merits of the exhibitions by 10 am., and as it is absolutely indispensable that the tables should be arranged by that time, it has been determined that no subject for exhibition shall be admitted into the garden after half-past 8 o'clock in the morning; and if the owners of any locked-up or other cases should not be in the exhibition tent at the said hour, such cases or boxes must be excluded from competition. All specimens will remain untouched until after 6 o’clock, when they will be delivered into the hands of the exhibitors. Exhibitors of cut flowers must supply their own boxes or stands. No box or stand should exceed 8 inches in height at the back, or 18 inches in depth from front to back: the lids of all boxes must either be loose, or made to unhinge. The society distri- butes the following rewards, namely :— oe vases ae 1. 20 0 0, or the large gold medal. 2. 10 O 0, or the gold Knightian medal. 3. 7 OO, or the gold Banksian medal. 4, 4 OO, or the large silver gilt medal. 5. 115. 0, or the large silver medal. 6. 1 5. 0, or the silver Knightian medal. + Bea Bi. 0, or the silver Banksian medal. 8. 010 0, or the Certificate, Exhibitors to whom any of these shall be awarded may receive their value in money or in plate. If in case an exhibitor shall receive a first prize in any one class of plants, he shall not be entitled to receive any other in the same class. Names fairly written are to be attached by exhibitors to all florist’s flowers, and the judges are restrained from awarding any medal to such exhibitions, whatever their merit may be, if this regulation is not complied with. By florist’s flowers are meant not only flowers usually so named, but also Fuchsias, Pelargoniums, Roses, and Cal- ceolarias. Itis also hoped that all other subjects of exhibition will be neatly and legibly labelled with their names. The judges haye the OF THE METROPOLIS. 157 power of increasing or diminishing the number and value of the awards offered by the society for particular objects, and also of con- ferring awards in cases not contemplated in these regulations, if they think necessary to do so. The society’s prizes are offered less for new and curious objects than for fine specimens of horticultural skill, the design of the council in instituting these meetings being not so much to encourage the collector as to reward the skilful gardener ; for in cases where the objects exhibited do not appear worthy of a prize, a bad single exhibition might obtain a prize merely because there is no better exhibition of the same class to oppose it. AWARDS. CLASS I. In which Nurserymen and Private Growers exhibit independently of each other. PELARGONLUMS. In collections of 12 new and first-rate varieties, cultivated with superior skill, in pots of 24 to a cast. Private Growers. Ist Prize, ‘7/., J. Dobson, gardener to Mr. E. Beck, Isleworth.— These were grown in slate-pots, which Mr. Beck manufactures, and certainly presented a very superior appearance : the blooms were large in size, and of the best shape. The kinds were, Zanzummim (Beck), first-rate flower; Lurida (Beck), Leonora (Beck), Resplendant (Beck), Sir R. Peel (Foster), one of the best and most distinct in all collections ; Pulchellum (Foster), Sultana (Foster), Favourite (Beck), very fine; Susanna (Beck), Bella (Beck), very fine; Hero (Beck), and Conflagration (Foster). 2nd Prize, 41, Mr. Cock, Chiswick.—These were likewise all bloomed exceedingly well. The varieties were, Madeline, Angelica, Cyrus, Sir R. Peel, Mad. Taglioni, a mass of bloom; Rosetta, superb, Wizard, Queen Philippa, Unit, Eliza Sauvage, Erectum, and Pre- eminent. No other competitors. Nurserymen. Ist Prize, 7/., Mr. N. Gaines, Batterseaa—For Cotherstone, fine ; Ackbar, fine ; Augusta, Saxon King, fine; Queen of Bourbons, Lady 158 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS Prudhoe, Excelsa, Druid, fine; Princess Alice, fine; Pirate, King of Beauties, fine; and Lady Mildmay. No other competitor. In collections of 12 varieties in pots of 24 to a cast. Private Growers. lst Prize, 7/., Mr. R. Staines, Paddington.—For Duke of Corn- wall, Lady Sale, Superbum, Sunrise, Roulette, Erectum, Madeline, Enchantress, Alice Gray, Symmetry, Hebe, and Duchess of Suther- land. 2nd Prize, 4/., J. Dobson, gardener to Mr. Beck, Isleworth.—For Majestic (Beck), fine; Erectum (Beck), Serjeant (Beck), The Purple (Beck), Susanna (Beck), Flora (Beck), good; Sir R. Peel (Foster), Cleopatra (Beck), Luna (Foster), Matilda (Foster), Dido (Foster), and Lord Chancellor (Foster). Nurserymen, Ist Prize, 7l., Messrs. C. D. Smith and Co., Pimlico.—For Grand Duke, Coronation, Grand Monarch, Madeline, Arabella, Mrs. Stirling, Cyrus, Gipsey, Hebe, Fair Maid of Devon, Queen of the Fairies, and Lady Sale. 2nd Prize, 4/., Mr. N. Gaines, Battersea —For Cotherstone, Queen of Bourbons, Rising Sun, fine; Lady Prudhoe, Pilot, Coronation Superb, Douglas, Hermione, fine; Enchantress, Ackbar, Madeline, and Lady Sale. In collections of 6 varieties in pots of 8 to a cast. Ist Prize, 1/. 15s., Mr. N. Gaines, Nurseryman, Battersea.—For Nymph, fine; Madeline, Lady Isabella Douglas, Lady Sale, Julia and Albina. These were superior grown bushes, 3 feet across. No competitors. Roses, In collections of 12 for Private Growers, and in collections of 25 distinct sorts for Nurserymen, in pots. Private Growers. Ist Prize, '7/., J. Dobson, gardener to Mr. Beck, Isleworth.—This collection was in the very vigour of health, profusely in bloom, and most deservedly receiyed the first prize; the varieties were, White OF THE METROPOLIS. 159 China, Hardy, Fabyier, Mrs. Bosanquet, Nemesis, fine; Hyclere seedling, Caroline, blush; Augustin Marget, clear salmon; Belle Allemande, large pale yellow of fine shape; Fenelon du Luxembourg, Pauline, Plautier, creamy white; and Beau Carmin, a beautiful rose. 2nd Prize, 4/., Mr. J. Stowe, gardener to R. Baker, Esq.—The best amongst which were Romaine, shaded straw ; Triumphant, bright rosy; Safrano, fine; and Antheros, cream colour. 3rd Prize, 1/. 15s., Alex. Rowland, Esq., Rosenthal, in which we did not note any very remarkable. Ath Prize, 1/., Mr. Milne, gardener to C. S. Chauncey, Esq., Little Munden.—These were cultivated very successfully ; we observed, as most striking, Nephetas, fine light yellow ; La Belle Allamande, Las Casas, very double and good shape; and Eugene Napoleon. Nurserymen. Ist Prize, 7/., Messrs. Lane and Son, Berkhampstead.— Comprising only the very best show flowers, viz., William Jesse, large rosy- purple; Cramoise Supérieure, bright rich red; Aubernon, Argo, Belle Allamande, fine ; Louis Buonaparte, good; Psyche, Tea Blush, ’Fulgorie, Aricie, La Pactole, Prince Charles, very fine; Abbe Mio- land, blush, fine; Compte de Osmond, good; Acidale, Triomphe de Flore, fine; Marjolin, good shape; Caroline, good; Eugene Beau- harnois, dark; Armosa, fine; Grand Captain, brilliant red ; Bougere, good; Eliza Suavage, Fabvier, and Henry V. No 2nd prize awarded. 3rd Prize, 1/, 15s., Mr. Stedman, Isleworth. Single specimens in pots displaying superior cultivation. [st Prize, 1/. 5s., J. Dobson, gardener to Mr. Beck, Isleworth.— For Armosa, which was well cultivated in a slate-pot, but had a too artificial appearance, by being tied closely to a number of sticks. No competitors. Besides the above, Mr. A. Milne exhibited 25 varieties in cut blooms, some of which were well-shaped flowers; and Mr. W. P. Ayres had a specimen of the New Yellow Noisette, Cloth of Gold, which is large in size and very fragrant. 160 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS Care Heatus, In collections of 20 entirely distinct varieties. Private Growers. Ist Prize, 10/., Mr. J. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence, Ealing Park.—The whole of the collection was remarkably fine large bushy plants: we particularly noticed E. Cavendishii, loaded with its beautiful yellow flowers ; Depressa, very fine ; Persoluta alba, 3 feet in height and 2 feet in diameter; Linnzana nova and mirabilis ; Humeana, very pretty ; Ampullacca vittata, fine; Pinea ; Thunbergia ; Vestita alba; Westphalingia; Propendens, very good; Perspicua nana, a neat plant; and the following varieties of E. ventricosa, viz., vy. coccinea; v. ¢. minor; v. carnea; and v. superba. Qnd Prize, 4/., Mr. May, gardener to E. Goodheart, Esq., Langley Park.—These were likewise splendid specimens, and all profusely in bloom. Humeana was 3 feet in height and 4 feet in diameter; Pro- pendens, very large; Aristata major, a wonderful plant, but thinly- bloomed; Hartnelli, a splendid bush; Fastigiata lutescens, in prime order; Mundula, covered with bloom; Grandinosa, and Ventricosa alba, fine ; with Odora rosea, Perspicua nana and elegans, in admirable condition ; Hybrida, not quite in bloom ; Rubro-calyx ; Willmoreana ; Mirabilis ; and a small, but pretty plant of Sprengelii. Nurserymen. 1st Prize, 10/., Messrs. Fairbairn, Clapham.—A fine collection of immense bushes. We observed Cavendishii in admirable health,.3 feet in height and as much in diameter ; Intermedia, very fine; Metuls- flora, splendid; with very remarkable plants of Ampullacea tricolor and suaveolens ; also good plants of Ampullacea nana, Vestita coccinea, Humeana, Dilecta, Vestita alba, and Ventricosa carnea, y. alba, and y. coccinea minor. Qnd Prize, 4l., Messrs. Rollison, Tooting.—Among them were Mundula, very pretty; Dilecta, good; Humeana; Nitida, with clear white bells; Fulgida superba, a fine kind; Vestita blanda; and Beaumontiana; with Propendens and Fragrans. 3rd Prize, 1l. 15s., Mr. Pawley, Bromley.—Among them was a fine Cavendishii; Perspicua nana, very fine; Pragnans, Coccinea minor, pretty; Dilecta, neat; with Halicacaba; Nitida; Hybrida, very pretty; and Vestita coccinea minor, ; OF THE METROPOLIS. 161 In collections of 12 entirely distinct varieties. Private Growers. Ist Prize, '7/., Mr. Hunt, gardener to Miss Traill, Bromley.— These were magnificent bushes, averaging from about 3} feet high, and as much in diameter; Sprengelli, suaveolens, vestita coccinea, ventricosa pregnans, Hartnelli, ampullacea rubra, were very superb. 2nd Prize, 4/., Mr. G. Plumbley, gardener to C. J. Dimsdale, Esq., Essen Jen-place——Containing excellent specimens of depressa, melas- toma, and hybrida. Nurserymen. e 1st Prize, 7/., Messrs. Frazer, Lea-bridge—These were Beautiful dwarf bushes, and profusely in bloom. Thunbergiana, Beaumontia, propendens, Bergiana, perspicua nana, and denticulata moschata, were especially striking. In collections of 6 entirely distinct varieties, Private Growers. lst Prize, 4/., Mr. Bruce, gardener to B. Miller, Esq.—Contain- ing very good specimens of Cavendishii, fastigiata, and grandinosa. 2nd Prize, 1/. 15s., Mr. Evan Jack, gardener to R. G, Lorraine, Esq., Wallington—We observed good plants of sulphurea and suaveolens. 3rd Prize, 1/. 5s, Mr. W. Taylor, gardener to J. Costar, Esq., Streatham. Nurserymen. Ist Prize, 41, Mr. Dawson, Brixton.—There were good compact specimens of hybrida, mirabilis, and dilecta. No competitors. Single specimens displaying very superior cultivation. ‘ Priwate Growers. Ist Prize, 1. 15s., Mr. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence.— For propendens, a beautiful plant 3 feet high, and as much in diameter, loaded with its pretty little bell-shaped flowers. 2nd Prize, 1/. 5s., Mr. G. Plumbley, gardener to C. J. Dimsdale, Esq., for suaveolens, Vou. XIII, No. 149. | o 162 GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS Nurserymen. No Ist or 2nd prize awarded. 3rd Prize, 11., Mr. Dawson, Brixton, for a compact and pretty mundula. CALCEOLARIAS, In collections of 6, in pots of 29 to a cast. Private Growers. Ist Prize, 1/. 15s., Mr. Kinghorn, gardener to A. Murray, Esq., Twickenham.—Comprising Queen Victoria, fine; King of Saxony, primrose, full of small, round, crimson spots, very beautiful ; Marquis of Bute, Grandis, Vesta, and Mary Queen of Scots. 2nd Prize, 1/. 5s., Mr. G. Stanley, gardener to H. Berns, Esq., for Fairy Queen, very good; Lane’s Monarch, Rival King, ‘Magician, Duke of Wellington, and Henrietta, very bright red. Nurserymen. Ist Prize, 1/. 15s., Mr. N. Gaines, Battersea —For Standishii, Desirable, Vivid, bright crimson red ; Napoleon, Eclipse, and Con- ductor. No other competitor. CLASS II. In which all persons are admitted to equal competition. Stove or GREENHOUSE PLANTS, (from. which Orchidacee, Pelargoniums, Fuchsias, and Calceolarias are excluded) _ In collections of 40 plants. Ist Prize, 20/., Mr. J. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence.— Containing numerous extraordinary specimens, the most superior of which were, in Azaleas, lateritia, a mass of bloom; alba and Phee- nicea, very large and fine ; sinensis, a large plant, having a profusion of its bright orange-red blossoms. In Chorozemas was an immense bush of ovatum, and also varium, cordatum, and macrophyllum were 5 or 6 feet high and 4 or 5 feet in diameter, each adorned with mul- titudes of their bright and charming little flowers. Of the genus Eriostemon there were two species, viz., myophoroides and cuspida- tum, of very large size, and remarkably showy. In Pimeleas was a OF THE METROPOLIS. 163 fine plant of incana and spectabilis, 3 feet high and 4 feet in diameter. Of Cape Heaths we noted good specimens of propendens, depressa, and perspicua. There were five trained specimens of Manettia cor- difolia and glabra. Leschenaultia formosa, a large bush, 2 feet high by 3 feet diameter, though not well in bloom. Tabernemontana coronaria flore-pleno was shown in excellent bloom. Cytisus filipes afforded an agreeable relief in the group by the colour of its pretty white flowers, which clothed the graceful branches of a large plant. Cytisus racemosus was exceedingly large; and a specimen of acacia alata might be termed a tree. 2nd Prize, 10/., Mr. Barnes, gardener to G. W. Norman, Esq., Bromley.—This collection comprised many very remarkable plants, but, owing to the dulness of the weather, several best specimens were not well in bloom. _ We noticed a noble plant of Daviesia saligna, 4 feet in height and 6 feet in diameter, the branches drooping nearly to the pot, and loaded with bloom; supporting it on one side was Erica grandinosa, literally one dense mass of white flowers, 4 feet in height and the same in diameter; and on the other side was an immense bush, in excellent bloom, of Epacris grandiflora ; another * remarkable plant was Podolobium staurophyllum, 5 feet in height and 4 feet in diameter, and loaded with flowers; scarcely less interest- ing was a noble plant, not quite in bloom, of Oxylobium Pultenza, about 4 feet in height and 6 feet in diameter ; and a dense bush of Polygala oppositifolia, literally one mass of bloom, 4 feet in height and 6 feet in diameter, contrasting well with the yellow flowers which surrounded it. Of the genus Aphelexis, humilis was one mass of flowers, but the day was, unfortunately, not sufficiently bright to induce it to open its flowers; sesamoides. was nearly 4 feet in height and 3 feet in diameter, but not so full of bloom ; macrantha purpurea, certainly the finest of the genus, had deep acts or plum-coloured bracts shaded with bright pink or rose, exposing when open a deep straw-coloured or yellow disk, Phcenocoma prolifera, 2 feet in height and about 4 feet in diameter, which will probably be more generally recognised under the old name of Helichrysum proliferum ; this plant was a complete thicket, but not sufficiently in bloom. Remarkable plants were Dillwynia rudis and clavata, but though plentifully covered with flower-buds, few of them were expanded ; these excellent speci- mens were from 3 to 4 feet in height, and proportionatel bushy. 0 2 164 GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS There were also fine plants of éricifolia aud pungens. Gompholo- bium tenellum, Pimelea Hendersoni, Leschenaultia formosa, and Clerodendrum splendens were remarkably good specimens ; the Gom- pholobium was about 3 feet in height and 2 feet in diameter, but not in full bloom; Pimelea Hendersoni was 18 inches in height and 2 feet in diameter, in fine bloom; and the Leschenaultia was of about the same size, trained hemispherically, and one complete sheet of flowers. Of Cape Heaths we noted the following: Thunbergia, a yard in height, and as much in diameter ; intermedia, very large, and in excellent bloom; Hartnelli, a fine plant; Daphneflora, beau- tiful; fastigiata lutescens, admirable, but smaller; odora rosea, good ; pregnans coccinea minor, in a fine state; and lovely plants of dilecta and Sprengelii; a plant of Statice macrophylla; the rare Luxem- burgia cilosa was shown for the second time since its introduction into this country; a good plant, with nearly thirty heads of bloom upon it, of Ixora grandiflora; and large specimens of Azalea Indica alba, splendens, Gladstanesii, and a pretty A. lateritia. Also fine plants of Zichya inophylla floribunda, Polygala cordifolia, Daviesia saligna, Boronia denticulata, Eriostemon cuspidatum, and Pimelea decussata, very large. 3rd Prize, 7/., Mr. Green, gardener to Sir E. Antrobus, Bart.— These, though not so rich as the preceding, nevertheless enumerated some capital specimens, particularly the following: In Azaleas, Indica alba, 5 feet high, and clothed to the bottom ; a tall specimen of the double red; and exquisitia. In Pimeleas, the best was decus- sata, about 24 feet high and 3 feet in diameter, beautifully bloomed ; rosea was a pretty compact bush. Amongst the Cape Heaths the more deserving were propendens, 3 feet high, producing, as it invari- ably does, a great profusion of blossoms; Beaumontiana, very pretty blush ; and echiflora purpurea. Very distinct and remarkable was Daviesia latifolia, 4 feet high, full of bloom; and equally good was Coleonema pulchrum ; Euthales microphylla, a mass of yellow blos- soms; Brachysema latifolia, trained and full of bloom; Hovea Celsii, also trained and very full. A well-bloomed plant of Francescia lati- folia; and a moderate specimen of Siphocampylus betulifolius. In collections of 20 plants. Ist Prize, 10/., Mr. Frazer, nurseryman, Lea-bridge.—These were OF THE METROPOLIS. 165 all very fine plants; among them was Podolobium staurophyllum, a dense bush, 2 feet in height andthe same in diameter. In Pimeleas, linifolia was an admirable plant, 4 feet in height and 5 feet in diameter ; nivea, very neat ; and a remarkably well-grown and finely- coloured spectabilis. Boronia serrulata was about 18 inches in height and the same in diameter, and as compact and thickset as could possibly be desired; a good plant of Polygala acuminata, with Daviesia latifolia, 4 feet in height and 2 in diameter; Epacris grandi- flora, Coleonema rubrum, Aphelexis speciosa, Chorozemas Hench- manni and varium; a most admirable plant of Boronia pinnata, loaded with delicate pale-pink waxy blossoms; with some good Azaleas. 2nd Prize, 7/., Mr. Hunt, gardener to Miss Traill.—This collec- tion contained a beautifully-trained specimen of Gompholobium poly- morphum, covering a shield-formed trellis, 4 feet high by 4 feet broad; a splendid plant of Leschenaultia formosa, in fine bloom; Zichya villosa, good ; Boronia serrulata and Gardoquia Hookeri, in fine bloom ; excellent plants of Ixora grandiflora, Phcenocoma pro- lifera ; and some good Cape Heaths, gemmifera, 3 feet high and as much in diameter; perspicua nana, very good; and translucens rosea, in admirable condition. 3rd Prize, 4/., Mr. W. P. Ayres, gardener to J. Cook, Esq.— Though these plants were small, they were neat and compact ; among them was a-good-coloured specimen of Pimelea spectabilis, Azalea Indica atba, a compact round bush in good bloom ; variegata, in good bloom ; Poivrea coccinea, producing several strong spikes of rich flowers ; Erica Hartnelli, in good bloom; a pretty dwarf bush of Ixora grandiflora, remarkable for the high colour of its flowers, with Gardoquia Hookeri, Chorozema angustifolium, and Leschenaultia Baxterii. i , In collections of 12 plants. Ist Prize, i/., Mr. Bruce, gardener to B. Miller, Esq.—For Azalea Tndica variegata and Gladstanesii, both in fine bloom; Aphelexis humilis and sesamoides, fine ; Chorozemas Henchmanni, varium and varium elegans, which latter appears a very free flowering variety ; Pimelea spectabilis ; Ixora coccinea, 5 feet high, and in fine con- dition ; Leschenaultia formosa, Euphorbia splendens, and Adenandra speciosa, 2 feet high 166 GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS Qnd Prize, 4/., Mr. Pawley, nurseryman, Bromley.—This collec- tion had fine plants of Aphelexis sesamoides; Azalea variegata, dwarf, and Pheenicea, fine; Pimelea spectabilis, rather past its best ; Ixora grandiflora, in a good state; Coleonema rubrum and Euphorbia splendens; with fine plants of Erica perspicua nana and ventricosa stellata. 3rd Prize, 1/. 15s., Mr. W. J. Epps, nurseryman, Maidstone.— Containing Ixora grandiflora, in good bloom ; Leschenaultia formosa, pretty ; Azalea Indica alba, large and in fine bloom ; Begonia par- viflora, well grown; a large specimen of Podolobium Chorozems- folium, but rather past its best. A great drawback on this collection was a poor and wretchedly naked plant of Erica intermedia. In collections of 6 species. 1st Prize, 4/., Mr. May, gardener to E. Goodheart, Esq.—For Ixora coccinea, 4 feet high, and having five heads of bloom ; Erica mundula, a beautiful bush, 2 feet high by 3 feet across; Polygala acuminata, Pimelea spectabilis, Horea Celsi, 3 feet high, and full of bloom ; and Leschenaultia formosa. 2nd Prize, 12, 15s., Mr. G. Stanley, gardener to H. Berens, Esq. —For Clerodendron infornutatum, fine; Begonia parviflora, Trope- olum tricolor, trained to a wire shield; Zichya inophylla, Azalea Indica alba, and a famous specimen of Leschenaultia formosa, 2 feet high and near 3 feet in diameter. 3rd Prize, 1/. 5s., Mr. Cole, gardener to C. Lewis, Esq., Black- heath—For Pimelea hispida, Gesneria Cooperi, an excellent plant ; Polygala undulata, Epacris grandiflora, Correa speciosa major, good 5 and a Pimelea spectabilis, possessing remarkably fine heads of bloom. 4th Prize, 1/.,. Mr. Evan Jack, gardener to R. G. Lorraine, Esq.— For Azalea Gladstanesii, Gesneria zebrina, Chorozema Dicksonii, Elichrysum humile, Kennedia inophylla floribunda, a well-bloomed plant; and a beautiful bush, 4 feet high, of the neat and pretty Bossina linifolia. A second 4th Prize, 1/., Mr. Glendenning, Chiswick Nursery, in which we observed a Pimelea spectabilis as finely bloomed as we ever saw. 5th Prize, 10s., Mr. Taylor, gardener to J. Coster, Esq., in which was a good plant of the delicate Erica Bowiana, OF THE METROPOLIS. 167 STovEe or GREENHOUSE CLIMBERS, In collections of 6 species. Ist Prize, 4/., Mr. Pawley, florist, Bromley, for very fine plants of the following: Tropeolum grandiflora, trained to a circular trellis, 4 feet in diameter, and full of bloom ; Gompholobium polymorphum ; a healthy plant of the fragrant Stephanotus floribundus, trained to an oyal trellis; Clerodendron splendens coccinea, Kennedia mono- phylla, and Zichya inophylla, having a great profusion of flowers. 2nd Prize, 1/. 5s., Mr. Frazer, nurseryman, Lea-bridge.—For Tropzolum Jarratti, a perfect specimen of health and beauty; Har- denbergia ovata, Zichya inophylla, Chorozema spectabilis, Harden- bergia longeracemosa, a beautiful specimen trained to a balloon- shaped trellis, and covered with its pretty lilac little blossoms; and the bright Zichya villosa. 3rd Prize, 1/., Mr. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence.—For Kennedia ovata, Stephanotus floribundus, a fine plant, 6 feet high, with numerous bunches of its sweet and handsome white flowers; Chlorea ternatea, Kennedia monophylla, Tropeolum edule, and Thunbergia chrysops, with two or three withered blooms. Exotic OrcHIDACEs, In collections of not fewer than 20 species. Ist Prize, 20/., Mr. Mylam, gardener to S, Rucker, Jun., Esq., For some very fine specimens.—We observed an excellent plant of Dendrobium densiflorum; a fine specimen of the lovely Sobralia macrantha, producing several of its handsome flowers ; Chryseis bractescens, Vanda teres, Odontoglossum citrosmum, the singular Anguloa Clowesii, Coryanthes macrantha; an immense plant of Acanthophippium bicolor, whose flowers covered the entire surface of the pot; Saccolabium guttatum, a fine plant, with three spikes of bloom; Oncidium pulchellum, Cattleya Mossiz, Bifrenaria tyrian- thina, Cymbidium lancifolium, Oncidium pumilum, with yellow flowers; O. leucochilum, Lycaste Deppii, Stenia pallida, with pale yellow flowers ; and Epidendrum macrochilum. 2nd Prize, 10/., Mr. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence, con- taining, among other things, the lovely Dendobrium Cambridgeanum, D. densiflorum, a fine plant, but nearly out of flower ; Saccolabium 168: GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS gutlatum, and premorsum, with several spikes of bloom ; Epiden- drum bicornutum, E. vitellinum, and Bifrenaria tyrianthina. 3rd Prize, ‘l/., Messrs. Rollisson, nurserymen, Tooting.—We observed the curious Trichopilia tortilis, Cattleya Mossi, Acineta Barkeri, Maxillaria Deppii, aromatica and vitellina, Aerides crispum, Celogyne undulata, Brassia maculata, and Maxillaria tenuifolia. In collections of 12 species. 1st Prize, 10/., Mr. Don, gardener to G. Cox, Esq., Stockwell.— We noticed three small plants of Acrides crispum, pretty ; A. crispum pallidum, Brassia maculata, a new species of Oncidium, resembling QO. papilio, but with the lip beautifully fringed ; Lycaste Deppii, Bifrenaria aureo-fulva, very pretty; and Acineta Barkeri, an excel- lent specimen. 2nd Prize, 7/., Mr. Williams, gardener to C. B. Warner, Esq., Hoddesden.—The most striking were, Dendrobium czerulescens, D. moschatum, Cattleya sp., very handsome ; Epidendrum macrochilum and yariegatum, and Aerides crispum. In collections of 6 species. Ist Prize, 7/., Messrs. Veitch and Son, nurserymen, Exeter.— These were all fine plants, particularly Dendrobium calceolaria, 4 feet in height; Cattleya Mossi, very fine; Oncidium ampliatum majus, in fine bloom; and Odontoglossum hastatum. Qnd Prize, 4/., Mr. Eyles, gardener to Sir G. Larpent, Bart.— We noted Vanda Roxburghi and V. Roxburghi czrulea, Oncidium altissimum and luridum. 3rd Prize, 1/. 15s., Mr. R. Plant, gardener to J. Schroeder, Esq., Brixton, containing a small specimen of Dendrobium densiflorum, with four spikes of bloom, Trichopilia tortilis, Vanda cristata, pretty ; and Cattleya Skinneri. Besides the above, Mr. Hunt, gardener to Miss Traill, showed a collection, in which was an Oncidium from Honduras, with curious dark-brown variegated flowers; O. luridum guttatum; and a large plant, not much in bloom, of Cymbidium aloifolium. GREENHOvSE AZALEAS, In collections of 12 distinct varieties. Ist Prize, 7/., Mr. Green, gardener to Sir E. Antrobus, Bart.— OF THE METROPOLIS. 169 This was a collection of magnificent specimens, comprising Indica pallida, large pale purple, 5 feet high and full of. bloom ; speciosis- sima, bright rose with crimson spots, 4 feet, bushy; Greenii, purple with red spots, 6 feet ; semi-double. scarlet, fine red, having upper petal crimsen, 6 feet ; Gladstanesii, white, one of the best shaped flowers, 4 feet; Rawsonii, deep bright purple, 5 feet high and 4 feet in diameter ; lateritia, light red, fine shape, 4 feet ; variegata, 4 feet ; Indica alba, 5 feet high and the same across ; rubra plena, 7 feet high by 4 across; splendens, bright salmon red, 4 feet high and 5 feet across; and Smithii coccinea, 6 feet high. 2nd Prize, 41, Mr. Falconer, gardener to A. Palmer, Esq., Cheam, for a scarcely less interesting coilection, consisting of Bianca, white ; Agnes, red; Theresa, crimson; Danieliesii, Emmelina, purpurea superba, Variegata, double red, Indica alba, pulchra, Rawsonii, and lateritia. 3rd Prize, 1. 15s., Mr. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence, for Pheenicia, leucomegiste, Rawsonii, splendens, amabile, pulchra, 6 feet high, very full of bloom ; conspicua purpurea, Indica alba, Danieliesii, a mass of bloom; speciosissima, variegata, and Smithii coccinea, 4th Prize, 1/., Mr. Gaines, nurseryman, Battersea, exhibited a collection, but as they were grown in small pots the plants were only moderate ; amongst them we saw admirable excelsa and delicata, In collections of 6 distinct varieties, Ist Prize, 4/., Mr. Frazer, nurseryman, Lea-bridge, for a very pretty specimen of lateritia, coccinea superba, Indica alba, sinensis, Pheenicia, and splendens, all beautifully managed. We did not observe any other prizes awarded. Mr. Smith, nur- seryman of Norbiton, however, had a collection of small plants, in which Alberti and Venusta were striking varieties, the former salmon- red with a crimson eye; conspicua purpurea and violacea superba were good, and Modesta and Edmondsi semi-double varieties. Tau Cacti, In collections of not less than 6 distinct varieties. 1st Prize, 7/., Mr. Green, gardener to Sir E. Antrobus, Bart., we observed a fine Epiphyllum epeciosum, E. Ackermanni and Acker- manni grandiflorum, and E, coccineum ceruleum. 170 GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS No 2nd Prize awarded. 3rd Prize, 1/. 15s., Mr. J. Bruce, gardener to B. Miller, Esq.—~ The most remarkable specimens amongst these was, Cactus Malli- sonil rosea and Epiphyllum speciosum. Fucustas, In collections of 12 very distinct varieties, of which one-half shall have a light calyx. Ist Prize, 1/.15s., Mr. A. Kendal, nurseryman, Stoke Newington, for Stanwilliana, Robusta, Chandlerii, Coronet, Erecta elegans, com- pact and pretty; Vesta, Gigantea, Juliet, Defiance, Globosa grandi- flora, Young May-morn, light salmon and crimson; and Venus Victrix. 2nd Prize, 1/. 5s., Mr. Gaines, nurseryman, Battersea, for a good and distinct collection of well-grown and bushy plants, deserving a better prize: the sorts were—Duke of Wellington (Epps), Coccinea vera, Modesta, Coronet (Smith), Madonna (Harrison), Goldfinch (Harrison), Priam (Gaines), Britannia, Duke of Wellington, Vesta, Monarch, and Rembrandt. The only two collections shown. CINERARIAS, In collections of 12 distinct varieties. lst Prize, 1/. 5s., Mr. Ivery, florist, Peckham, for Beauty of Win- ham, Nosegay, Red Rover, Compacta, Regina Victoria, carmine ; Wie Pet, Captivation, Criterion, Fanny Elsler, Pride of Peckham, white with purple disk; Beauty of Cyston, and Eclipse. 2nd Prize, 1/., Messrs. Lane and Son, nurserymen, Berkhamp- stead, for well-bloomed specimens of the following :—Enchantress, Regina Victoria, Mello Park, Conspicua, Unique, Spectabilis, Tul- gidum, Eclipse, Laverstonia, white with a bright deep crimson tip and fine shape; Diana, good shape ; and Splendens, a loose starry flower. 3rd Prize, 10s., Mr. Taylor, gardener to J. Coster, Esq., Streat- ham.—The best amongst these were Perfecta, King, Grand Duke, Emperor, Pride of Peckham, Prince of Wales, and Beauty of Cyston. OF THE METROPOLIS. 171 MISCELLANEOUS SUBJECTS. Rhododendrons.—Collection of 10 varieties. Prize 4/., Mr. Smith, nurseryman, Norbiton. These were remarkable for their strong growth and fine trusses of bloom; the flowers individually were considerably larger than those of the generality of Rhododendrons : the finest of them were Elven, fine large salmon; Burlingtonium aureum, lemon colour with dark orange spots; flavum superbum, nearly of the same colour, but a trifle darker ; ornatum, of the same colour, slightly tipped with rose; Jenkinsoni, shaded with pink ; aureum superbum, very large; cupreum ochre, shaded with purple ; these were the most distinct kinds, but the others may be cultivated in large collections, viz., Salmonium, Broughtonianum, and Mun- dulum. Hydrangea japonica.—Prize 11. 5s., Mr. "J. Robertson ; a large luxuriant bush. Statice macrophylla.—Prize 11., Messrs. Forrest and Co., nursery- men, Kensington. Of this very good variety, three remarkably healthy plants were shown, each having several spikes from 2 to 3 feet high, of fine blue-purple flowers, Tulips—Two stands, each of 24 blooms, were shown, but no prize awarded. Messrs. Norman, florists, Woolwich, had good blooms in their stand, of Holmes’s King, Goldam’s Maria, Violet Alexandre, Polyphemus, Sir R. Peel, and a pretty small bloom of Triomph Royal. Mr. Henbury, florist, Croydon, exhibited the other stand, which was only a very moderate one. SINGLE SPECIMENS of stove or greenhouse plants, of very superior cultivation. Three first prizes, of 4/. each, were liberally awarded for most magnificent specimens of the following :— 1. Saceolabium guttatum, to Mr. C. Roe, gardener to J. Blandy, Esq., High Grove, Reading.—This was perhaps the finest specimen of this kind of orchidaceous plant ever seen: it was growing in a cir- cular wire basket, 3 feet in diameter, and about 1 foot deep. This basket was filled with sphagnum, in the centre of which the plant was placed, spreading gracefully to the sides, its elegant flowers reclining upon the moss, This was one of the most remarkable features of the exhibition. 1712 GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS 2. Aerides odoratum, to Mr. Basset, gardener to R. S. Holford, Esq.—This was a magnificent plant, ornamented with about 20 large spikes of bloom upon it, and being one of the loveliest species of orchideze, was very attractive. 3. Azalea variegata, to Mr. Falconer, gardener to A. Palmer, Esq.— This certainly was the best bloomed specimen of this showy plant we ever saw; the plant was about 3 feet high, and from 4 to 5 feet in diameter, the branches drooping over the sides of the pot, forming a depressed cone, and covered with a complete sheet of bloom, so that scarcely a green leaf was perceptible. No 2nd Prize was given. 3rd Prize, 1/. 5s., Mr. May, Woodford, for Chorozema Henchmanni, 2 feet, profusely in bloom. Three 4th Prizes, of 1/. each, were award ed to the following :— 1. Eriostemon buxifolium, Messrs. Veitch and Son, Exeter, in fine bloom. 2. Boronia serrulata, Mr. R. Pool, Leyton, 2 feet high, bushy. 3. Ixora coccinea, Mr. J. Bruce, gardener to B. Miller, Esq., 4 feet high. Five 5th Prizes, of 10s. each, were awarded :—~ 1. Kennedia mnonophylie, | Mr. J. Hill, gardener to T. Davis, Esq., 4 feet, well bloomed. 2. Boronia serrulata, Mr. Hunt, gardener to Miss Traill, 4 feet high, trained in a balloon shape, full of bloom, and a good specimen of excellent culture. 3. Brugmansia Knightii, Mr. Cole. 4. Thunbergia chrysops, Mr. Green, gardener to Sir E. Antrobus. 5. Ditto ditto Mr. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Law- rence. In addition to the above, we observed Gloxinea Cartonii, a pretty variety from Mr. Beck, Clerodendron infornutatum from Mr. Jack, Pimelea spectabilis from Mr. Bruce, with some others, NEW OR EXTREMELY RARE ORNAMENTAL PLANTS. No Ist or 2nd Prizes were awarded, Two 3rd Prizes, of 1. 5s. each, were adjudged for— ‘1. Chlorcea chrysantha, Mr. Cameron, Birmingham Botanical Garden, a rare plant, inhabiting the hills of Chile, and now blooming OF THE METROPOLIS. 173 for the first time in Europe; it has rich yellow flowers, and the habit of an European orchis. 2. Franciscea Pohliana, Messrs. Veitch and Son, Exeter, figured in our present number. 4th Prize, 1/., Daviesia cordifolia, Mr. J. Robertson, a new and pretty flower, but wanting compactness in habit. Three 5th Prizes, of 10s. each, were awarded — 1. Odontoglossum cordatum, Messrs. Booth, nurserymen, Ham- burgh, asmall plant not remarkable for its beauty, but very rare. 2. Tropzeolum Lobbii, Messrs. Veitch and Son, an excellent new species with bright orange-scarlet flowers. 3. Siphocampylus, nova spec: Messrs. Veitch and Son, of which see our description in Arr. I. In addition to the above we observed a specimen of Tropsolum Brickwoodii from Mr. G. Stanley (see our figure), a seedling Zichya, named longipedunculata, of good habit, and having small bright red flowers, from Mr. J. Agate, Croydon; and a seedling Gesneria, called macculata, from Mr. Stedman, Isleworth. SEEDLING Fiorist’s FLowERs. 1844, Pelargoniums.—Prize 1l., Rosy Circle, Mr. Beck, Isleworth; a rather small but compact flower of good shape, with short well- formed petals, smooth on the edge ; lower petals broad, of a rosy pink, with the centre blush-white; top petals crimson, with a dark blotch, softening to the edge and terminating in the centre without the feather; the flower is stout, and retains its form well; the plant is of good habit, an abundant bloomer, and will make a good show variety. Ditto. Prize 1/., Arabella, Mr. Beck; a fine shaped flower, with a pure white centre, the lower petals rosy colour; the upper petals have a large dark spot gradually softening towards the edge; a clear and good coloured variety, and if it can be grown free from a dis- position to notch in the upper petals, which we observed in the spe- cimen, will prove an excellent show flower. Ditto. Prize 1/., The Pearl, Mr. Catleugh, florist, Chelsea; this is a clear white flower, and as good whites are greatly wanted, we admit this to be an acquisition, though it is not so good in shape as 174 ON RAISING RANUNCULUSES FROM SEED. to have passed in a more general colour, and the crimson spot is too small. Calceolaria.—Prize 10s., Exemplar, Mr. Kinghorn, Twicken- ham; a flower of fine form, the ground colour is a canary-yellow, small spots of which are seen only, the surface of the flower being nearly covered by bright-brown, and still deeper brown spots. Cineraria.—Prize, 10s., Smithii, Messrs. C. D. Smith and Co., Pimlico ; a tolerably good flower, of a distinct purple colour. 1845. Pelargonium.—Prize 10s., Mount Etna, Mr. Hoyle, Jersey; a flower of brilliancy and richness in colour, the lower petals deep rosy- red, the top petals have the spot surrounded by a broad margin of crimson scarlet; the flower is well formed, except some roughness about the margin of the upper petals. Ditto. Prize 10s., Isabella, Mr. Hoyle; this too lacked smooth- ness of the margin, the top petals are deep velvety maroon, with a narrow edge of pink ; centre light, with the remaining portion of the lower petals of a rosy purple. " The next exhibitions take place on June 21 and July 12. Our next number will contain a report of the Royal Botanic Society’s show. ARTICLE VI. ON RAISING RANUNCULUSES FROM SEED. BY A FLORIST. SHovutp you think the following worthy a place in your Magazine, I should feel obliged by your inserting it in an early number. Ranunculus seed is to be procured from semi-double flowers ; care should therefore be taken to save it from such as are possessed of good properties, viz., such as have full strong stems, a consider- able number of large well-formed petals, and rich good colours, chiefly preferring the darker, but not to the exclusion of the lighter coloured when their properties answer the foregoing description. The seed should remain on the plant till it has lost its verdure, and be- comes brown and dry ; it may then be cut off, and be spread upon paper, in a dry room, exposed to the sun, that every degree of hu- ON RAISING RANUNCULUSES FROM SEED. 175 midity may be exhaled from it, in which state it should be put into a bag, and preserved in a dry warm room till the time of sowing, otherwise it will be in danger of contracting a dampness, which will soon pro- duce a mouldiness that will infallibly destroy it. January is the pro- per time to sow the seed ; and in order to prepare it, it must be sepa- rated from the stalks to which it is connected in the following manner, viz. : in the first place it should be taken out of the bag and spread thin upon paper, tea tray, &c., and placed before a moderate fire, till it is just warm, and no more; the seed will then easily scrape off, by means of a penknife ; but great care must be taken to avoid scraping it off in lumps, or suffering any pieces of the stalk, dried petals of the flower, or other extraneous matter to be mixed with it, which would create amouldiness, when sown, of very destructive consequence ; when the seed is scraped in a proper manner it will have the appear- ance of clean coarse bran, with a little brown or purple speck in the centre of each cuticle, which is the kernel. When the seed is thus prepared, it should be sown on a shallow frame provided with glasses, similar to those made use of for cucum- bers and melons; the soil should have been previously taken out, three feet deep, and spread thin upon the ground till it has been per- fectly frozen throughout, in order to destroy any vermin it may have contained. When the pit is filled up again with the frozen lumps of earth, it should remain till the whole mass has thawed and subsided to its pristine bulk, or nearly so; its surface should then be made perfectly smooth and even, and the seed sown upon it with the utmost regularity, in such a quantity as nearly to coyer it; the glasses should be placed over it immediately, and the frame kept closely covered with them, for two or three days, till the seed begins to swell and soften ; alittle light earth should then be sifted upon it, through a fine sieve, but not sufficient to cover it; this should be repeated once or twice a week, till the greater part of the seed disappears: it is proper to remark that such seeds as happen to be covered deeper than the thickness of a half-crown piece will never vegetate, and must, of course, inevitably perish. It is necessary that the seed be kept mo- derately moist by gentle watering with soft water that has been ex- posed to the sun, but too much moisture is nevertheless injurious. About the time that the plants begin to appear, it is requisite to stir the surface of the earth with a pin, just sufficiently to admit air, and 176 ON THE CULTURE OF LOBELIAS. give liberty to the young plants to pass easily through; this operation should be very carefully performed to prevent breaking off the fibres, or raising and leaving any of the plants out of the earth, because one hour’s sun upon such would certainly destroy them. After the plants are all up, and their two interior leaves appear, more air must be given, by having hurdles or lattice work substituted for the glasses; watering must be regularly continued in the manner before described, when the long continuance of dry weather renders it necessary; but fine warm showers of rain are always preferable when they happen in due time. This kind of management is to be continued till the roots are ma- tured, and fit to take up, which is known by the foliage becoming brown, dry, and nearly consumed. The roots are to be dried and preserved in the usual way, and to be planted the same time as large ones in the autumn; the greater part, or such as have two or more claws, will blow in tolerable perfection the following summer. ~ ARTICLE VII. ON THE CULTURE OF LOBELIAS. BY AN AMATEUR FLORIST. Tux genus Lobelia comprises plants of much interest to an admiret of flowers: some of them exhibiting blossoms strikingly elegant, brilliant, and beautiful, and of a commanding figure im stature ; whilst others, more humble in growth, are equally pretty and pleas- ing. In the former class, the plant rears up its splended spike of the richest possible hue; the other, in prostrate beauty, displays a carpet of simple, yet engaging elegance. Thinking a few hints on the culture of a number of the Lobelias would be acceptable to the readers of the Caninet, induced me to draw up the remarks here transmitted for insertion therein. The Lobelia was so named by that eminent French botanist Father Plumier (who discovered the first species of it in America), in honour of Dr. Lobel, a learned botanist, who published the figures of a great number of plants at Antwerp, in 1581, and two or three other gardening books before that time. The genus is now ranked in the class Pentandria, and order Monogynia, although formerly classed in rey ON THE CULTURE OF LOBELTAS. 177 Syngenesia. The natural order is Lobeliacew, very closely allied to Campanulacez, from which their colour alone distinguishes them. Lobelia cardinalis and siphilitica are natives of Virginica ; fulgens and splendens, natives of Mexica; to which must be added the follow- ing hybrid productions raised in this country, viz., fulgens multiflora, lateritia, refulgens, pyramidalis, Queen Victoria, grandis, Bathania, Chalmeri, topaz, longiflora, longifolia, siphilitica alba, Altontowriensis, Milleri, purpurea nigra, coccinea, coccinea superba, densiflora, den- tata, and ceerulea. These are upright growing kinds in the way of L. fulgens ; they are most beautifully distinct in colours, and bloom- ing from the beginning of June to the end of October, are exceedingly valuable as ranking among the most striking ornaments either to adorn the greenhouse or flower garden. Lobelia salicifolia, speciosa, and Tupa, are handsome, but generally require the protection of a greenhouse. All Lobelias are poisonous, though some have been used medi- cinally, as Lobelia siphilitica ; hence its name. L. cardinalis is used as an Anthelmintic, or destroyer of worms. L. inflatus, a very active emetic,—I believe the most active known. L. Tupa yields a dan- gerous poison; the smell frequently causes headaches. LL. longi- flora is a most venomous plant; when taken inwardly nothing can stay its effects, and death is the sure consequence. I have inserted these remarks, more closely allied to botany than other parts of gar- dening, as a warning to any inexperienced persons (whom the splendid colour of the flower might deceive), considering that the names of all, and more especially such dangerous plants, cannot be too fully pressed upon every one’s memory. L. cardinalis and siphilitica can be propagated in the best manner from sceds, which ripen well in this country. All the other sorts I have named above can be propagated from seeds, offsets, and cuttings. I take off the suckers in October, and put each one in a pot, protecting them in a frame during the winter, forcing them gently on a dung hotbed, and shifting the plants into larger sized pots at various times as they require it. The compost I use is made up of yellow loam and a small quantity of leaf mould and sand mixed with it. The period when they require this repotting is from February to May. At the commencement of the latter month I remove them into a greenhouse, retaining such as I purpose for ornamenting the house during sum- mer, and harden the others gradually to bear the full exposure of the Vou. XIII. No, 149. P 178 DWARF PLANTS OF THE CHINESE CHRYSANTHEMUM. open air. By this time they will have just begun to push forth flower- stalks ; and some of the hardened plants must then be placed in water—if there is the convenience of an Aquarium, so much the better; if not, a saucer filled with water is a very good substitute. Other plants must be planted out of pots in the open beds of the flower garden, keeping the balls as entire as can be done. They will begin to flower in June, and, if shaded, will last for many months in brilliant bloom. Shading is a general rule for all high-coloured flowers, such as Trevirania coccinea, Crassula coccinea, &c. Propagation, by cuttings, is very frequently adopted. In June, take a young stalk, and divide it into lengths of five or six inches each ; plant them under a hand glass, upon a border having an eastern exposure ; water occasionally. Cuttings thus put off, strike with remarkable facility, and will be well rooted in a month, when the young plants may be managed as above directed. As the plants always bloom the first or second year, it is the best plan to raise a good supply from seed. It should be sown imme- diately after it is ripe, and be protected undera frame. In the spring the seeds will begin to vegetate and the plants appear; they should be transplanted into pots, and repotted as they require it during the year. The spring following they should be put into pots sufficiently large to give full scope to their roots, when they will be in flower about July. The suckers-should be taken off every autumn; for, if this is ne- glected, the plant will very likely be lost, as the stem will die down and rot; thereby weakening, if not destroying, the growing plants. With the little trouble in culture above described, they will form one of the greatest ornaments in the flower garden. I have them frequently four feet high. ARTICLE VIII. METHOD OF OBTAINING DWARF PLANTS OF THE CHINESE CHRYSANTEMUM. BY CLERICUS, Tue following easy.method of obtaining dwarf plants of the aboye beautiful autumn flower I have practised with success last season, and I believe it is not generally known. Inthe month of September, when the plants have begun to show the flower-bud, take those THE LADY’S COUNTRY COMPANION. 179 froin which you want to have dwarf ones, and tie some moss and mould round the stalk, about a foot or half a foot (according to the height of the plant you desire) from the head of the plant ; tie it round tight, and in a fortnight roots will strike to the moss, when it may be taken off and potted; by this means you will have a pretty dwarf plant at once, without much trouble. I have this season se- veral of the tall growing kinds in pots about a foot high, looking ex- tremely beautiful. REVIEW. The Lady’s Country Companion, or, How to enjoy a Country Life rationally. By Mrs. Loudon, author of “ Gardening for Ladies, §e.,” with an Engraving on Steel, and [llustrations on Wood. London, Longman and Co., 1845. (Continued from p. 136.) I will now tell you how I would pliant the beds. As this is the beginning of April, and as I wish your garden to look well imme- diately, I would advise you to get a few pots of Californian and other annuals, usually raised in pots, from the nurseryman at the neigh- bouring town, and to plant them, putting three potfuls in each bed, but no more. In No, 1 put Phlox Drummondi, the flowers of which are crimson of various shades, and let the stems be pegged down so _ as to spread over the bed, No. 2 may be Lasthenia californica, the flowers of which are yellow, and the stems generally procumbent ; but they may be pegged down to keep them in their proper places, that is, to spread completely and regularly over the bed. No. 3 should be Nemophila insignis, the flowers of which are of a beautiful blue, and which will not require pegging down. No. 4 may be Erysimum Petrowskianum, the flowers of which are of a bright orange, but the stems must be pegged down, or they will grow tall and straggling. No. 5 may be Nolana atriplicifolia, the flowers of which are blue, and resemble those of a conyolvulus ; this is a pro- cumbent plant, and will not require pegging. No.6 may be nemo- phila atomaria, which has white flowers, and is a dwarf plant. No. 7 may be Leptosiphon densiflorus, a dwarf plant, with pale purple flowers. No, 8 may be Gilia bicolour, a dwarf plant, with nearly white flowers. No. 9 may be Clintonia pulchella, a beautiful Pp 2 180 THE LADY’S COUNTRY COMPANION. little plant with blue flowers. No. 10 may be Gilia tricolor, a dwarf plant, the flowers of which are white and very dark purple. No. 11 may be Leptosipiion androsaceous, a dwarf plant, with pale lilac flowers; and No. 12 Schizopetalon Walkeri, the flowers of which are white, and the stems must be pegged down. These are all annuals, which, if properly treated by pegging down, and not planted too close, will produce a mass of flowers in each bed only just above the surface, and will have a pretty effect from the windows. Most of them like a poor clayey soil best, and they will only require turn- ing out of the pots without breaking the ball, into the places pre- pared for them. If you think there are too many white beds, you can substitute Sanvitalia procumbens, the flowers of which are yellow, for No. 8, but the seeds must have been sown the previous autumn to bring it forward, as otherwise it will not flower till late in the summer; and Bartonia aurea, the flowers of which are of a golden yellow, may be planted instead of No. 12. Cladanthus arabicus, formerly called Anthemis arabica, which has yellow flowers, may be planted in No. 8, if Sanyitalia cannot be obtained. _ I do not think you have ever told me what soil yours is, and perhaps you hardly know. You will, however, easily recognise gravel or chalk; if the soil be red, it is probably, if loose, a sand, and if close, a marl; a peaty soil is black and loose, and a clay may be known by water standing in little pools after rain without running off. This is one of the worst soils for gardening purposes, but it may be improved by mixing it with sand. I shall now give you a list of half-hardy plants for autumn, as most of the annuals will begin to look shabby in July or the begin- ning of August. No. 1, Verbena Melindres, bright scarlet ; No. 2, CEnothera Drummondi, yellow; No. 3, Lobelia bicolour, blue ; No. 4, Calceolaria rugosa, pegged down ; No. 5, Verbena Tweediana, crimson ; No. 6, common White Petunia; No. '7, Verbena Arraniana, or Henderson’s purple; No. 8, Calceolaria integrifolia, yellow ; No. 9, Purple Petunia ; No. 10, Verbena teucrioides, white; No. 11, Frogmore Pelargonium, bright scarlet; No. 12, Musk plant, yellow. In October the following bulbs and other plants may be put in for flowering in early spring. No. 1, Von Thol Tulips; No. 2, Cloth of Gold, or common Yellow Crocuses; No. 3, Blue Hepatica ; THE LADY’S COUNTRY COMPANION. 181 No. 4, Yellow Crocuses, or White Anemone; No. 5, Scilla verna and sibirica, blue; No. 6, Arabis albida, white; No. 7, Double Pink Hepatica; No. 8, Winter Aconite; No. 9, Purple Crocuses ; No. 10, Snowdrops; No. 11, Primroses ; No. 12, White Hepatica, or Arabis alpina. If you do not like the plan for a garden which I have sent you, you can draw one according to your own fancy, of any figure you like; but as I believe you have not yet a regular gardener, it will be necessary to teach you how to transfer the plan you have decided upon from the paper to the ground. In the first place the ground must be dug over, raked, and made perfectly smooth. The pattern, if a complicated one, must then be drawn on Berlin paper, which is covered with regular squares, and the ground to be laid out must be covered with similar squares, but larger; the usual proportion being, that a square inch on the paper represents a square fvot on the ground. The squares on the ground are usually formed by sticking in wooden pegs at regular distances, and fastening strings from peg to peg, till the whole ground is covered with a kind of latticework of string. Each string is then chalked, and made to thrill by pulling it up sharply and letting it go again, which transfers the chalk from the string to the ground. When the ground is thus covered with white squares, it is easy to trace upon it, with a sharp-pointed stick, any pattern which may have been drawn on the paper ; the portion in each square on the ground being copied on a larger scale from that of the corresponding square on the paper. Simple patterns, consisting of straight lines, need only to be mea- sured, and pieces of string stretched from pegs put in at the proper distances, so as to form straight lines, oblongs, squares, triangles, or diamonds. If a circle is to be traced, it is done by getting a piece of string half the length of the diameter of the circle, with a piece of stick tied to each end. One stick is then driven into the ground in the centre of the circle, and a line is traced with the stick at the other extremity of the string, which is drawn out quite tight. An oval is made by tracing two circles, the circumscribing line of one of which just touches the centre of the other; short lines are afterwards made at the top and bottom, and the central lines are obliterated. A square only requires a peg at each corner, with a chalked string 182 THE LADY'S COUNTRY COMPANION. drawn from peg to peg; and an oblong or parallelogram is made by joining two common squares, and taking off the corners, if required. Suppose a garden is composed of a bed in the centre for a tree rose with a circle of dwarf roses; a gravel walk surrounds these ; and there are five heart-shaped beds, which may be planted with Scarlet Pelargoniums, yellow Calceolarias, Petunias white and purple, and tall yellow Mimulus ; and the crescent-shaped beds, which are on grass, may all be planted with different kinds of Verbenas. This plan is also a good design for a rosery, the roses to be planted in the beds, and in the half crescents, which must be on grass, with gravel walks between the grass plots. All the beds intended for bulbs and half-hardy plants should be particularly well drained; and the best way of doing this is, to dig out the soil to the depth of two feet or more, and then put in a layer of brick-bats and other rubbish, to the depth of nine inches or a foot. On this should be placed a layer of rich marly soil, in which the bulbs should be planted, Dahlias, hollyhocks, and other tall-growing, showy-flowered plants, should have similar beds prepared for them, but the soil should be made very rich by the addition of the remains of an old hotbed, or some other kind of half-rotten animal manure. You will observe, that when I give directions for planting the beds in any of the plans I send you, I merely say what may be done, and not what is absolutely necessary. Indeed, it will be better for you to vary the flowers as much as possible, according to your own taste, provided you take care that the plants are, as nearly as you can contrive it, of the same height, or that they rise gradually, and that you contrast the colours well. The rule in the latter case is, always to put one of the primitive colours (red, blue, and yellow) next another of these colours, or some colour compounded of the other two; using white wherever you cannot find any handsome plants of a colour that will suit the bed you want them for. Thus, for ex- ample, if you plant one bed with red, you may plant the next with blue, yellow, green, hair-brown, or white, but never with any shade of purple, as red enters into the composition of that colour; nor with any shade of reddish brown; purple, indeed, must always be next yellow, hair-brown, or white, but never next blue, red-brown, or red, Orange will not look well near yellow or red; and lilac must not THE LADY'S COUNTRY COMPANION. 183 approach blue or pink. A little practice will do more than any lengthened details; generally speaking, you may take the same taste to guide you in arranging the colours of the flowers in your parterre that you use in choosing the colours of your dresses ; and if you are in any doubt, you have only to colour the beds in the plan, and see how they look ;. or to stick coloured wafers on a piece of paper, for the same purpose. When you have settled what to plant in the beds of your garden, supposing you to choose the plav, you must next think of the beds round it. I should advise these to remain unplanted, unless they are sown with mignonnette, or something of that kind. The shrubberies, I have already stated, should, I think, consist chiefly of the finer kinds of hardy evergreens; at least that should which is opposite the windows of your sitting-room. The other shrubbery, which is intended to unite the garden scenery with that of the park, may be planted with rhododendrons, acacias, and kalmias; the rho- dodendrons being farthest from the walk, and carried a little out into the park, so as to make a broken line, projecting in some places, and receding in others, and here and there mixed with bushes of phillyrea, alaternus, holly of various kinds, and crategus, so as gradually to mingle with the clumps of trees in the park. On the side next your room, if there are to be beds under the windows, there should be spaces left in them which should be gravelled, so that you may throw the window open, and not only walk out on gravel, but walk round the garden on gravel also. This you will find a great convenience if the weather should be wet, though you must not mind going upon the grass, if you are to be a real gardener, and to attend to the flowers in the regular beds. With regard to the beds near the house, I would have a Lonicera flexuosa trained over each window, on account of its delightful fragrance in summer ; for a similar reason I would have Chimonanthus fragrans against the walls between the windows, and mignonnette and violets in the beds. I think nothing can be more delightful than to throw open your window, and to inhale a refreshing odour from growing flowers when they are swept over by a balmy breeze, particularly after a slight shower ; and, for this purpose, I would strongly recommend you to plant flowers near your windows which have a refreshing, but not a heavy scent. The flowers of the evergreen magnolia, and those of the 184 THE LADY’S COUNTRY COMPANION. orange, have an oppressive fragrance, as have those of the heliotrope and the tuberose; but those of the mignonnette, the lemon-scented verbena, the rose, the violet, and Lonicera flexuosa are refreshing, at the same time that they yield a delicious perfume. I must now give you some hints on cultivating your flowers. To begin with the bedbs, as they flower first in spring. ‘The crocuses and snowdrops should be planted, five or six together, as close as possible, so as to form little tufts; and these, when once planted, should never be removed, unless they should grow out of bounds, so as to spoil the shape of the bed. The tulips, on the contrary, should be taken up as soon as their leaves begin to decay, and kept in a dry place till the proper time for planting them next year. You must observe that there are three kinds of plants which are said to have bulbous roots: those which are solid, and which should be properly called corms, such as the crocus, the corn-flag, and many of the half-hardy plants with similar half-tubular flowers ; the tunicated bulbs, which may be peeled off in scales, such as the onion, the hyacinth, and the tulip; and the scaly bulbs, such as the lily. Now the real roots of all these plants are the long fitres sent down by the lower part of the bulb, which may be seen plainly in hyacinths grown in glasses, and in any of the kinds if taken up while in a growing state; and what is called the bulb is, in all the corms, only a contracted stem; but, in the tunicated and scaly bulbs, the bulbous part is formed of a contracted stem and metamorphosed leaves. If you will take the trouble to examine a hyacinth, you will find at the base of the bulb a flat fleshy substance, called the root-plate, and this is, in fact, the contracted stem of the plant ; while the tunics or scales are metamorphosed leaves. In the scaly bulb the stem is plainly perceptible in the centre, and the scales are evidently metamorphosed leaves. You will easily remember these distinctions, and you will find it useful to attend to them in cultivating your garden, as all plants having corms never flower well till they have been allowed to form a mass, which they will not do till they have been in the ground three or four years. ( To be continued.) NEW AND RARE PLANTS, 185 PART II. LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. ARCTOSTAPHYLOS NITIDA. SHINING-LEAVED BEarBeRRy. (Bot. Reg. 32. Ericacex. Decandria Monogynia. A hardy evergreen shrub, obtained from Mexico by G. F. Dickson, Esq. It has bloomed in the garden of the London Horticultural Society. It usually blooms in May, and again in Autumn. The shrub grows to five or six feet high. The flowers are numerously produced, in large terminal branching panicles; each blossom similar in size to the Irish Heath ; and, being white, give a very pleasing appearance. It deserves a place wherever it can be grown. Botsoruytium Careyanum. Dr. Carey’s. (Bot. Mag. 4166.) Orchi- dace. Gynandria Monogynia. A native of Nepal, and has recently bloomed in the Royal Gardens at Kew. It is more curious than showy. The flowers are very small; yellow, with red spots. Casanus Bicotor. Two-coLourep Piczon Pea. (Bot. Reg. 31.) Legu- minose. Diadelphia Decandria. (Synonym Cytisus Cajan.) Seeds of this Pea were collected near to the town of Jellalabad, at the period of the place being so nobly defended by a portion of the Indian army, under the command of Sir R. Sale. Plants have bloomed in the garden of the London Horticultural Society. It is a half-hardy annual, or biennial; growing half a yard high; blooming freely during the summer months, The inside of the flowers is a pale sulphur, and the outside red, with yellow streaks. Each blossom is about half the size of a Sweet Pea flower. Comsretum LativoLium. Broap-LEeaven. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Combretacez. Octo-decandria. A native of the East Indies. It has bloomed vigorously in the collection of Mr. Henderson, at Pine Apple-place Nursery, London. It is an evergreen climbing shrubby plant, having a striking resemblance to C. grandiflorum ; but the spikes of the flowers are rather shorter, and the stamens arenotso long. The flowers are of arich crimson red. The plant is much more robust than C. grandiflorum. It is a fine plant for covering a trellis, or a pillar. Denvrosium Kincianum. Carrain Kino’s Denprouium. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Orchidacee. Gynandria Monandria. A native of New Holland, and has bloomed in the collection of Messrs. Loddiges. The plant is dwarf. The flower-stems rising from four to six inches high ; each producing three or four blossoms ; a separate flower is about an inch across, of a rosy-purple colour. Ecuinocactus oxyconus. SHARP-ANGLED. (Bot. Mag. 4162.) Cactem. Icosandria Monogynia. A native of South Brazil, and is in the Kew collection. It is a very free-flowering plant. The tube of the flower is trumpet-shaped, greenish, with red-brown scales, eight inches long. The petals, outside, are of deep red-rose ; inside, of a pale rose. Stamens and anthers yellow. Hach flower is about six inches across the front, when expanded. The plant is an abundant bloomer, and, being of the sub-globose form, with numerous deep furrows, is a very interesting object. MaspevaLlia FENESTRATA. Winpowep MaspevaLLia. (Bot. Mag. 4164.) Orchidacee, Gynandria Monandria. Sent from Jamaica to the Kew collection, It is a dwarf plant. The flower-stem rising about four inches high, of a rich brown blood colour. Each blossom about an inch long. It blooms throughout winter. Pronaya grecans. Tur ELEGANT. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Pittosporacee. Pentandria Monogynia. It is a native of New Holland ; a twining smooth greenhouse plant. It is an evergreen shrub, having the aspect of Marianthus cerulea-punctata, and bears a close affinity to Sollya and Billardiera. The flowers are produced in cymose heads; each blossom being about an inch and a half across, of a pretty blue-purple, with a rosy tinged centre. It is a very neat and beautiful flowering plant, well deserving a place in every greenhouse. 186 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. ScHOMBURGKIATIBICINUS-GRANDIFLORA. LARGE-FLOwERED. (Bot. Reg. 30.) This is a noble variety of a lovely Orchideous genus. It has bloomed in the collection of Robert Hanbury, Esq. The pseudo bulbs being fifteen inches long, and the flower-stem five feet high. Each blossom is near three inches high. Sepals and petals brown, with lilac-pink towards their origin. The lip is yellow, with a few streaks of red. It deserves to be in every collection. Serres LinpieyAna. Dr. Linpiey’s Spirga. (Bot. Reg. 33.) Roseaceex. Icosandria Pentagynia, It is a native of the Himalayas; a fine tall shrub, flowering abundantly from June to September. During three winters it stood in the open ground uninjured ; but it was killed down as far as the ground; it is again shooting up, The flowers are numerously produced, in large terminal branching panicled heads; white. The shrub has bloomed in the garden of the London Horticultural Society, and well deserves to have a place in every shrub border. PART IIL. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. QUERIES. On rue Tree Carnarion.—An old subscriber to the Fioricutturar Ca- BINeEr will be obliged for some information on the culture and habits of the Tree Carnation, and if it will live in a cool greenhouse ? Will the Mandevillea suaveolens bloom in the same situation? It has lived through the winter, and made some shoots this spring, but is always covered with the green fly. [A strong infusion of chamomile or tobacco water, sprinkled liberally over and under-side the foliage, or suffocate by smoke, will readily kill the insects, and the plant may easily be kept free in future. Stop them at first appearance. The Mandevillea will bloom freely in a warm greenhouse. The Tree Carnation will do in any good greenhouse, and requires no more than the common attention of a rich loamy soil, and to have a liberal drainage. It is easily increased by layers. Conpucror.] Geranrums.—Having a few good ones ia my greenhouse, I am anxious to in- crease my collection. Will any correspondent furnish me with a list of the newest and best ? likewise the best method of propagating by seed ? Evesham, June 20, 1845. M. A. An answer in your next will oblige. REMARKS. OBSERVATIONS ON THE GARDENS AND COLLECTIONS OF PLANTS AT EALING PARK, NEAR LONDON. [Continued from p. 144.] Tue following are a few, and a few only, of the plants which compose this part of the collection :—Phcenocoma prolifera, 3 feet high, and 3 feet across ; there are two of these dense bushes, oue of them is 4 feet through, and comin into bloom; Dillwynia subumbellata, 2 feet 6 inches high, and the same in diameter—a fine plant ; Chorozema cordatum, 7 feet high, and 5 feet through— a monstrous plant, loaded with flowers ; also Chorozema ericoides, fine ; Antho- cercis littorea, in flower, well grown, and 3 feet high ; the old Coral-tree, 6 feet high, and 5 feet across, with 15 spikes of flower coming’ up, will shortly be a magnificent object; Chironia frutescens, very fine; and Stylidium fasciculare, like a huge bush; Babingtonia camphorosme, in good health; likewise three enormous plants of Chorozema varium ; Hardenbergia Comptoniana, on a trellis, oe MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 187 8 feet high, covered with flowers; the scarce Enkianthus reticulatns, 4 feet high, and in fine health, so also is Illicium religiosum ; Loddigesia oxalidifolia, is 2 feet high, and 3 feet through—a beautiful and perfect specimen; two fine Gompholobium polymorphums, on shield trellises, very good, and coming into bloom ; on similar trellises are good plants of Tropaolum edule and tricolorum ; Eleocarpus dentatus, and Podolobiem trilobatum are in fine health; so is Scottia dentata; Zichya villosa, on a shield trellis, 5 feet by 4, is really grand; Gastro- lobium spinosum, a rather scarce plant, proves to be a most valuable acquisition to our greenhouse plants, and is here coming beautifully into bloom; Oxy- lobium Pultenza is also finely in flower, and, by its side, forming a beautiful contrast with its violet-purple flowers, is Prostanthera violacea, 4 feet high by 3 feet across ; close by these stand splendid plants of Daviesia latifolia, Acacia pulchella, and Indigofera australis, all in perfect beauty; Dillwynia speciosa, 3 feet by 3, in flower, contrasting with Pimelea spectabilis, 4 feet high, and 4 feet through—a perfect specimen of superb cultivation: Boronia Fraseri, 4 feet by 3, a good bushy plant, in rude health; the scarce and sniffy Merbelia gran- diflora promises to make a good specimen; Chorozema Henchmanni betrays skilful treatment, and will shortly be in bloom; so likewise does a plant of a new Daviesia, with showy flowers; the scarce Dracophyllum gracile deserves our especial commendation; for, although scarce in collections, no garden should be without it. The elegant Indigofera incana is also another subject of much interest, and will shortly be a picture of great beauty. There is a new Gastrolobium, which promises well, and is growing away vigorously. There are also the following very remarkable plants:—Acacia cultriformis, Coleonema pulchrum, 3 by 5 feet; Gnidia pinifolia, 24 by 3 feet, a lovely plant; Epacris cerefiora, with elegant white flowers, and in profuse bloom ; Diplolena Dam- pieri; Platylobium formosum; and Adenandra speciosa, all large and healthy specimens ; Veronica speciosa, an immense plant, 4 by 4 feet ; Pimelea decus- sata, 4 by 3 feet, a superb bush; Xanthosia rotundifolia, large, and in good condition. We observed, among numerous other climbers, a superb plant of Zichya coccinea, trained to stakes. Indeed, the principal of the climbers are trained in this way; Mr. Robertson preferring these, both for convenience and appearance ; certainly nothing could well exceed the effect produced by this plant. Polygala bracteolata, trained also to stakes, 4 feet high, with a corre- sponding diameter. Here also was the graceful Acrophyllum veuosum, a plant of sterling interest, just throwing up numerous spikes of its feathery white flowers, 2 feet high, and 2 feet 6 inchesacross. Pultenza stricta, Selago Gilliesii, and Oxylobium retusum, were all equally deserving of notice. The graceful and sweet-scented Cytisus filipes, 10 feet high, with abundance of pendant branches, covered with small white Pea blossoms, is an object of no mean beauty. In immediate connection with this stood an enormous plant of Acacia alata, 10 feet high, in profuse blossom. A. platyptera, 5 feet high; A. pul- chella, 6 feet high, and 5 feet in diameter; and A. verticillata, 9 feet high. These are trees under glass far surpassing the usual inhabitants of greenhouses. Leschenaultia biloba, 4 by 4 feet; L. formosa, 2 by 4 feet through, very fine. Eriostemon buxifolium, of which there are two remarkable specimens, were ’ coming into blossom freely. Cac/us House.—The kinds usually cultivated in this house have little interest in the eye of the scientific botanist, being chiefly those profuse blooming sorts remarkable for the gorgeousness of the blossoms. We noticed numerous large specimens of the following kinds :—speciosus, speciosissimus, Ackermanil, A. major, Jenkinsonii, Lawrenceanus (seedling), Mallesoni, splendens, &c. Heath House—This is a leen-to building, 40 feet by 16, containing all the rare kinds of this favourite genus ; several pits are also stored full of them, as the house cannot contain above one-half of the collection, The following are superbly in bloom :—Humeana, Beaumontiana, Templeana, and the valuable pinea, scarcely ever seen in collections; three grand depressas, and a matchless Cavendishii, loaded with bloom; Banksiana, splendens, two tricolor elegans, two gemmifera, infundibuliformis, ampullacea yittata, Patter- sonii, and a monstrous plant of ventricosa globosa; a Jarge intermedia, ampul- Jacea, vittata, superb, grandiflora, cerinthoides, elata, the charming Bland- fordiana, and a huge inflata, 4 feet high, and 5 feet in diameter; radiata, 4 by 188 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 4 feet, trossula, 3 by 3 feet, and the pretty andromedeflora ; two persoluta albas, 5 feet high, and 3 feet through ; Irbyana, in capital condition; tricolor, Archer- jana, grandinosa, vestita coccinea; the useful and lovely ovata, together with Thunbergiana, ventricosa, coccinea minor, v. carnea, Aitoniana, Solandri, daphnoides, Bonplandiana, the beautiful Parmenteriana rosea, and an excellent plant of tortuleflora, in first-rate health; Macnabiana in equally fine order ; so was elegans. We now come to the large stove, a house 55 feet wide, with three spans to the roof, and 65 feet long ; the height is nearly 20 feet. Numerous rare birds, of rich and vivid plumage are placed near the Orchidacee. Gold fish swarm in a basin of water below, overhung with Ferns and huge masses of gorgeous Orchidaceous flowers, constituting a rich and dazzling combination of tropical vegetation, in high keeping, surrounded with luxuriant foliage; a glass scree separates the general collection of plants from the Orchidaceae. There was a grand plant of Cuphea Melvilla ; a cutting struck from the plant exhibited by Mr. Robertson last season, 4 feet through; this forms a useful plant for the greenhouse in autumn. Gloxinia tubiflora coming into bloom. ‘Tabernemon- tana coronaria, and coronaria flore pleno, beautifully in flower. Clitoria fulgens, a new climber; and some large plants of Manettia cordifolia, M. splendens, Begonia sanguinea, and Pleroma petiolatum, were also fine. Thunbergia chrysops, trained to stakes, is rioting away most gloriously ; Saurauja spectabi- lis, a plant with fine foliage, is coming into flower; Calliandra Houstoni, Aischynanthus Roxburghii, and Inga pulcherrima are doing well; Pavetta caffra, 12 feet high, and well furnished, is in admirable health; sois Allamanda cathartica, 8 feet in height. There is a well-grown specimen of Hindsia longi- flora, and another on stakes of Dipladenia crassinoda, 4 feet high, which will shortly be a magnificent object. Begonia parvifolia is finely in flower, so is a wonderful specimen of Euphorbia splendens. Poweria coccinea is very large on stakes, so are two plants of Stephanotus floribundus, one, the original plant in- troduced—certainly the parent of a valuable progeny; these are really grand objects scarcely to be described by so feeble a pen. There are also the following remarkable specimens :—Franciscea latifolia, F. Pohliana, Centradenia rosea, Petrea volubilis, Burchellia capensis, Ardisia crenulata, loaded with crimson berries ; Osbeckia sinensis, Clitoria Ternatea, with blue pea flowers ; Turner’s ulmifolia, T. elegans, several large Clerodendrons, C. hastatum, C. Hugelii, and C. splendens; Aphelandra cristata, Gesnera reflexa, a magnificent Lemonia spectabilis, 3 feet high, and 4 feet through. Two very good Rondeletia spe- ciosa, the rare Aphelandra aurantiaca, Melhania Erythroxylon, Laplacea semi- serratifolia, Ardisia mexicana, and several large Ixora coccineas ; Echites splen- dens is rambling away most luxuriantly ; and Barringtonia speciosa is putting forth his broad Magnolia-looking foliage in great luxuriance. Among the Orchidacee were some Sobralias just imported; Odontoglossum hastatum was sending out two fine spikes; Oncidium divaricatum was in capital health and finely in bloom ; so were O. luridum yar. and O. ampliatum, Saccolabium gut- tatum, S. premorsum, Aerides affine, A, affine rubrum, Barkeria spectabilis, Cattleya Mossi, C. crispa, and Oncidium pulchellum were thrusting out their roots and spikes of flowers most vigorously. The following Dendrobia were very remarkable :—D, nobile, D. moschatum, D. crispum, D. cupreum, D. ceru- lescens, D. calceolaria, D. densiflorum, superlatively fine; D. aggregatum, D. taurinum, D. sanguinolentum, D. Gibsonii, D. Dalhousiana, D. fimbriatum, D, chrysanthemum, D. Cambridgeanum, and the curious D. comminatum. Many of these are immense plants; so are Oncidium altissimum, and two O. Lancea- nums, O flexuosum, and O. Baueri, Vanda teres, V. violacea, and Saccolabium Blumei, were in excellent health. There is a wonderful mass of Aerides odora- tum, and large plants of Camarotis purpurea, Phaius Wallichii, Schomburgkia violacea, S. marginata, Peristeria elata, Cymbidium giganteum, Vanda unicolor, V. Roxburghii, V. cerulea, and V. cristata. The beautiful Phalenopsis ama- bilis is doing well; so is Aerides virens, Epidendrum rhizophorum, and a host of others equally grand. The curious Cephalotus follicularis, with its little pitchers, is thriving finely. : There is a range of five other houses, principally filled with choice plants; MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 189 two of them chiefly with Azaleas. The principal Azalea house is 40 ft. long, and contains some grand specimens ; several large pheniceas, from 4 ft. to 6 it. high, clothed to the ground with foliage and flowers; several whites of similar dimensions and growth; sinensis, 5 ft. high and 5 ft. through, is bursting lite- rally into a mass of bloom; speciossima 5 by 3 ft., fine; Danielsiana, several trained like standard Apples. Fine bushes of Smithii, Rawsonii, mirabilis, leucomegista, splendens, 5 ft. by 5 ft., a grand plant, double red ; pulchra, 6 by 5 ft., and purpurea macrantha, and various other splendid specimens. The next house contains all the finer kinds known about London, new and old kinds ; amongst them we noticed exquisita, a noble lateritia, densely covered with bloom, just expanding ; a magnificent tree of Danielsiana, tricolor, triumphans, coronata, rosea superba, pheenicea alba, Prince Albert, Hibbertii, grandiflora rosea, Apollo, Minerva, Decora, sinensis tricolor, leucomegista, and Prima Donna. It is scarcely possible to imagine plants in more luxuriant growth than these; many of them in this house, although only one year out of the hands of the nurseryman, are already great rude bushes in rampant growth. The suc- ceeding house is what is termed the intermediate house, and contains sume fine things. Gompholobium polymorphum luteum is progressing rapidly, so also is a healthy bush of Pimelea Hendersoni. Roella ciliata is 2 by 2 ft., and in superb order. Chorozema angustifolia, C. ovata, and a new species of a fine genus, are all admirable; in a similar state of health is Lalage ornata and Cos- melia rubra. Leschenaultia Baxteri is making a fine plant, so is Chorozema Dicksoni. There is a fine plant of Chorilena myoporoides, 3 ft. across and 3 ft. high, growing very rapidly. The scarce and beautiful Daviesia cordata is just coming into bloom. There are very large specimens of Statice macrophylla and S. arborea, Siphocampylus Betuletolius and lantanifolius. Solanum amazoni- cum and Canavalia bonariensis are just expanding their blossoms. There is a fine plant of Styphelia tubiflora, and an immense one of /Eschynanthus formo sissimus. Zichya rotuncifvlia is shooting out vigorously, so also is a curious climber from New Zealand allied to Echites, named Parsonsia heterophylla. The next and last house comprises a collection of Pelargoniums which are cultivated principally for exterior decoration, as a vast number of showy plants are required during summer for vases, beds, and other situations. Finally, Mr. Robertson conducted us to what is termed the North House, a desirable and most useful building in all large establishments where plants are required to be kept in bloom for any particular purpose, as is often the case at Ealing Park, not only for the great exhibitions of the Horticultural Society, where the col- lections of Mrs. Lawrence form objects of prominent interest, but also for the purpose of decoration during the gay parties which are so often given here during the summer. In this house we found noble plants of Cytisus filipes and C. racemosus, the latter 10 feet high and 7 feet through—a perfect mass of bloom ; Eriostemon myoporoides, 7 by 4 feet, just in perfection, so likewise was K. cuspidatus, 6 feet high, and beautifully formed ; Acacia alata, 10 feet high and 9 feet across, a most wonderful plant to be in a pot ; Kennedya monophylla, trained to stakes 6 feet high, and clothed thickly to the pot, is a sheet of purple. But our space is exhausted sooner than our subject, which, to be treated pro- perly, would require a volume. Guano; 1's Action upon THE Growru or Various Puants, Fruits, &e. By J. E. Tescuemacnyr.—The ultimate object of vegetable life appears to me to be the production of seed ; to this purpose, and to accumulate the properties and ingredients for the formation and perfection of this seed, the root, stem, leaf, and flower are devoted, each peiforming its destined gradual part, until, by their united efforts, brought into action by soil, light, heat, and moisture, this object is attained ; exterior vegetable action then declines until another season. Ex- periment has shown that plants grown on mere sand, with the assistance of water, will throw out stem, leaf, and flower, nay, even the forms of seed, but these will be mere integuments, empty vesicles, or little bladders ; also that by constantly stimulating with peculiar manure, we can throw plants into such un- interrupted luxuriance of shoots and foliage, that often the Howers, and more often the seeds, do not appear within the limits of the season. Combining these 190 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. views with others on the production of double flowers, and with some suggested by various experiments on guano, it seems to me highly probable that certain manures are particularly conducive to a luxuriant growth of stem and foliage, while others are peculiarly so to the production of numerous and well-filled seeds. Suppose the nitrogenous (ammoniacal) and alkaline (potash and soda) manures to be those chiefly instrumental in producing stem and foliage, then nitrate of soda will be valuable for this purpose, and if the soil itself contain the ingre- dients of the seed in a fit state for absorption, the plant thus thrown into a state of luxuriance will be enabled to draw from it sufficient to make plenty of good seed. But if the soil in itself contains them very sparingly, then this excess of stem and foliage, although containing a quantity of nitrogenous and palatable fuod for cattle, will be deficient in rich seed. Now we know that phosphate of lime and 6f magnesia, with sulphurous compounds exist in all seeds useful to man and animals: these, however, do not form part of nitrate of soda and potash, hence the latter can only assist the plant in extracting them from the soil. Suppose, secondly, we use a manure combining the nitrogenous principles in the shape of urates, &c., with the alkaline phosphates, sulphates, muriates, &c., then even on the poorest soil, while the ammoniacal portion in performing its office of causing luxuriance in foliage and stem, the ingredients of the seed are offered in abundance to the root. This is exactly the predicament of guano—most of the salts in which are soluble in water—and those which are not, such as the phos- phate and oxalate of lime, become so when combined near the roots with the carbonic acid furnished by the humus as well as by other portions of the manure. The use of a solution of guano in water is therefore good, when the seed is not required ; but where it is, the deprivation of the insoluble phosphate of lime is very injurious. Hence, from the proper use of guano, a luxuriant vegetation is followed by the production of a large crop of fine seed. Asa farther elucida- tion of my views, I will state that the manure made use of for the purpose of pro- ducing double flowers, is the highly nitrogenous stable mauure, which is used in such quantity as to prevent the roots from coming into contact with that part of the soil containing the ingredients of the seed—this manure being then chiefly favourable to the production of foliage alone, if continued through many genera- tions will by degrees convert the stameus, pistils, and the parts destined by nature to prepare the seed, into leaves or petals, and finally obliterate the seed. These flowers, if grown in a poor soil, scarce in nitrogenous substances, will again, as is well known, revert to their normal single seed-bearing state. Several of my experiments with guano proved to me that it shortened the internodes. or portions of the stem between each leaf; this was particularly evident in seedling Orange and Lemon trees, and is a sure indication of fruit or seed-bearing ; indeed the spurs, which are well known as the fruit-producing parts of many trees, are but shortened branches where the internodes are reduced to a mere nothing, and where, consequently, the axillary action is concentrated into a small space. I have, therefore, no doubt of the beneficial action of guano on fruit trees. Many experiments are, however, yet desirable; such as whether guano acts bene- ficially on the receptacle of the seed, which is the fruit of the Strawberry and Raspberry ; whether on the exterior covering of the seed, which is the Apple, Peach, Plum, &c., or on the kernel or nut, cr on the pulpy envelope of the seed, as the Gooseberry, Grape, Melon, Gourd, &c. I hope that these ideas will give rise to numerous experiments this year, aud that those who make them will not hesitate freely to communicate them for the general benefit. I will merely add further, that I should consider it advisable, in all experiments on fruits, to try both the guano itself, as well as a weak solution of it in water ; it is highly pro- bable that the solution will be efficacious where the receptacle or the exterior of the séed is most valuable; whereas in Corn, Peas, Beans, &c., those phos- phates which are insoluble in water, and are very necessary, would be thus lost to the plant.—Hovey’s Magazine of Horticulture. Mas On prvyinG Frower Specimens.—For several years I have paid attention to the delightful pursuit of obtaining specimens of flowers, drying them, and pre- paring a herbarium. A few months back I obtained some prepared paper from Messrs. Bentall and Co., of Halstead, and have tried it during the above period MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 191 with a vast number of flowers, and I can very strongly recommend it. It is very superior to blotting-paper, the specimens drying much readier, the paper seldom requiring to be changed, and the colour of the flowers, &c., much better preserved. The plan I pursue is to have some sheets of millboard, and having laid one or two old newspapers quite smooth upon a sheet of millboard, I put a sheet of the drying paper, and lay the plant to be dried, carefully spreading the leaves and petals. I then place another sheet of the drying paper over the specimen, and a few more newspapers to absorb the moisture, and over the whole I then place a sheet of millboard ; and thus proceed until I have laid out my specimens, taking care to have a sheet of the millboard between each layer of specimens. I put a heavy weight upon the top of all, er, which is far better, put the whole in a screw press, and continue to shift the papers and increase the pres- sure daily. Should the plants be very succulent, the paper will require the oftener shifting and fresh paper. The plants should not be taken out until per- fectly day. The paper, when dried, will be ready for use at any future time, The size I recommend is 16 inches by 10 or !1. The drying paper is as cheap as common blotting paper, and far more useful in drying botanical specimens. F.N. B. On Grass Lasers. In a recent number it was suggested that hermeti- cally-sealed glass tubes, with the names or numbers of the plants inclosed in them, might be employed as labels, the originator of the plan observing that it would be necessary to send the names or numbers to the glass-blower, which would be attended with inconvenience and expense. I also fear that when com- pleted, the insertion of one end of the tube in the ground, while the other was exposed to the great heat of the sun in summer, would injure, if not destroy, the written or printed labels. Having made several experiments in joining glass with Jeffery’s marine glue, it has occurred to me that very neat, simple, and most endurable labels might be formed by any gardener during his leisure hours, at a comparatively nominal expense, the marine glue being only 8d. per Ib., and the glass the fragments or waste of the kind used for common windows. I send you three specimens, one written, one partly written and partly printed, and one wholly printed, attached to the fragments of glass in the manner I have alluded to; and I am convinced they would prove imperishable for the purpose for which they are intended. The marine glue at that part of the glass which is inserted in the earth would contract ; while the part exposed to the sun would expand, and each end would suit itself to the circumstances under which it might be placed without the least injury to the labels ; for moisture has no effect whatever upon the composition invented by Mr. Jeffery.” The manner of preparing them seems to be by pasting a paper label to the face of a piece of glass, then smearing another piece of the same form and size with Jeffery’s marine glue, and immediately afterwards pressing the two pieces to- gether.— Gardener’s Chronicle. Cuntryarion and Prantina or THE Ranuncutus.— The soil should be trenched eighteen or twenty inches, and composd of good rich loam, to which I add one-sixth part of very old, well-rotted cow manure, and the same quantity of clay broken into small pieces; add to this a little sand, and thoroughly mix the whole; if the soil binds, add some sandy peat; make the bed on a level with the path or walks; the plants would do better if the bed was below rather than above the level. Having prepared the soil, as above, sometime during the sum- mer or autumn, take the earliest opportunity in the sueceeding spring to stir up the bed one spit deep, and take off one inch and a half of the soil; then place the plants in an upright position on the surface, six inches apart each way, and replace the soil carefully, which will cover the crown of the Ranunculus about one inch and a half; deeper planting would be injurious. After the plants appear, keep them free from weeds, and press the soil firmly around the plants alter they get two inches high. If the weather prove dry, water them freely early in the morning, and shade them from the sun from 9 o’clock, a.m, to — 192 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 3 o'clock, p.a. As soon as the foliage becomes yellow, take the roots up and dry them thoroughly in the shade, and keep them in a dry place. The Ranun- culus loves a cool and moist situation, but no stagnant water should be per- mitted, nor should they be placed under the shade or dripping of trees. he morning sun, free circulation of air, and shade as directed, will ensure success. —Hweey’'s Magazine. To PREVENT NEWLY-PLANTED SHRUBS BEING LOOSENED BY THE Wixp.—Let a few of the low branches be pegged down close to the ground, say one in each quarter. This secures the plants steady, far preferable to any other method I have seen adopted. FrutTex. ANSWERS. On Bentaponna Li.y.—Observing in a recent number of the FrorrcutTurat. Canine an inquiry made relative to the treatment required to have the beau- tiful Belladonna Lily bloom freely in the open border, I beg to state that I have had it bloom vigorously for many successive years, growing in the border of a south-aspected wall, planted within a few inches of the wall, in a deep rich sandy loam, on a dry subsoil. The bulbs are about six inches deep. I planted them (one dozen) in a row, at six inches apart, in the year 1830, and they have remained undisturbed ever since, and each year, from 1832, have bloomed vigo- rously. They do not do well when disturbed by dividing, replanting, &c., but planted in a situation like mine, and there allowed to remain, will realize every expectation. Herts. C.ericus. Several gentlemen having written to us to give the names of fifty Double Anemones which we consider the best, we send them, as below, for insertion in your next next number, if you think proper to insert them. London, T. & C. Locxnart. List of Fifty best Sorts of Double Anemones. Azure Incomparable, very deep blue Superbe Arrian, white and pink Bleu Victorieuse Merveille Ponceau, very deep Charles the Tenth, fine blue Captain Cook, rose, dark mottle Ross, scarlet and white Criterion, red, green, and white - Ceeur Blanc, red and white Tendre, pink and red Constantia, red and violet Comble de Richesse, extra red Euterbe, extra red Euphrosque, claret Evéque d’Amboise, deep red Feu Superbe, scarlet Carmin, carmine Favorite Superbe, claret Grande Duchesse, variegated Globe Celeste, blue High Admiral, velvety-scarlet Heroine, white and rose L’Oracle du Siecle, scarlet and white Les Sept Provinces, variegated Manteau Bleu Miss Wright, red and rose Madame Schroeder, red Navarino, blne-lilac Purpurea elata, red and violet Perle d’Amour, white, red heart VOrient, white and red Pallas, red Prince Albert, scarlet Rubis Brillant, ruby Ruma'dus, scarlet Rare Partout, white and rose Rose de Haarlem Eclatante Rosalie, rose and scarlet Reine des Frangais, crimson and car- mine Vasthy, red Scarlet Soldier Sallust, rose, varieguted Sylvia, scarlet Terpsichore, rose, variegated Tricolour, red, white, and green William the First, pink and red Zebra, striped. L SIPHOCAMPYLUS NOVA SPEC: 2. VASALIA FLORIBONDA. Floruultuwral labinei ‘ a andl Regs ink es Fe ae or Sp i tal Saat FUCHSIA SERRATIFOLIA, Floriculiural Cabinet. habors Zincoqraphy, Slainner St | THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, AUGUST Ist, 1845. PART I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. FUCHSIA SERRATIFOLIA. Scarcety any tribe of plants with which we are acquainted has in so few years received such beautiful additions as have Fuchsias. Whilst the cultivator at home has perseveringly engaged in raising seedlings, almost each successive year introduces some fine species from abroad. The Fuchsia has, therefore, unquestionably now become one of the greatest ornaments with which our greenhouses and flower gardens are embellished throughout the summer and autumn, The number of species growing in Peru alone, yet remaining to be introduced, of which we have received information, holds out the pleasing hope of still greater improvement ; especially as some of the kinds are described to be very magnificent, and of the most novel and beautiful colours. Messrs. James Veitch and Son, of the Killerton Nurseries, Exeter, received the present splendid species from Peru, and bloomed the plant, from which our figure was derived, during the past summer. It is remarkably strong and vigorous in growth, and blooms freely ; the flowers and Jeaves being produced in threcs, and proceed triangularly from the stem. The plant succeeds well with the ordinary treatment applicable to other kinds, Vou, XIII. No, 150. Q 194 ON GROWING PLANTS IN ROOMS. ARTICLE II. ON GROWING PLANTS IN ROOMS. Bx A LONDON AMATEUR GROWER. Bene an admirer of the prevailing practice of cultivating plants in rooms, and having had numerous solicitations for advice as to their management, I am induced to draw up the accompanying remarks, judging that they may be in some degree useful to a portion at least of the readers of the FLoricutturat Capiner. I do not wish it to be understood that I think plants can be grown as vigorous, or blossom as freely, in rooms as those cultivated in well-constructed greenhouses; but I do not hesitate to assert that those persons who may think proper to adopt the rules hereafter laid down will find the result to answer every expectation. Pots.—The necessity of having pots of various sizes is very ob- vious; the shape, however, should be uniform, in proportion as follows, viz.: five inches deep (inside measure), five inches diameter at the top, and three and a-half inches diameter at the bottom. Pans should be provided to correspond. Draining.—Good draining is essentially requisite. Each pot, according to their different sizes, should have from two to four inches deep of coal cinders, broken to the size of a child’s common play marble, laid at the bottom, first placing a piece of pot over the hole at the bottom, taking care the piece is not flat, but of that form that it will freely allow superabundant water to pass off. Soil.—Take the top spit with the turf upon it from a common or old pasture field, not digging deeper than six inches; the soil should be entirely free from clay and if the loam be sandy it is preferable. To this soil add one-fourth of rotten horse-dung. The longer this compost is laid together the better. Before using it for planting in, it must be well chopped and broken, but not sifted at all through a riddle, as plants flourish far more freely in the soil when left open, there being a freer passage for water, heat, air, &c., to the roots. There are but five families of greenhouse plants that refuse to flourish in such a compost as the above. I do not include Camellias and Ericas (Heaths), though I have no doubt but they may be cultivated in rooms with success; the latter tribe will be found the most tena- cious of injury in such an habitation. - ON GROWING PLANTS IN ROOMS. 195 Potting.—I consider it but superfluous saying anything ‘about propagating plants, when the cost of a: small plant is so trifling, and may be obtained at most nurseries. To begin with a plant procured from the nursery. In the first place, examine if the roots are coming through the hole at the bottom of the pot; if so, this points out the necessity of repotting, which must be repeated until the plant has attained the size required for blooming. The size of the pot for repotting in should be about two inches more in diameter than the one the plant is taken out of. Watering.—River or rain water is the best, and should always be of the same temperature as the room in which the plant is placed. The pot should always stand in a pan or feeder ; but water should not be allowed to stand in it, excepting when a plant is pushing forth flower-shoots or stems; at which period many plants, particularly strong growing kinds, are much assisted by having a constant supply of it, not to glut them, but to allow that given to be dried up before a fresh quantity is given. Particular attention should always be paid that no plant be allowed to flag its leaves. In some stages of growth and situation there will be found plants that will require water to be given them twice in one day, and at other times not oftener than once a week. The best criterion to know when a plant requires water to be given is when the soil on the top of the pot appears dry ; then a flooding over is sufficient. Filth —With some kinds of plants the green fly is often found very troublesome. Sprinkle them over with diluted tobacco-water, or the plants infested may be put into a packing-case, and fumigated with tobacco-paper; by either application the insects will be effec- tually destroyed. The tobacco-water or tobacco-paper may be pro- eured of the tobacconists at a very trifling cost; 1s. expended in either would serve for twelve months, with a number of plants. It is necessary to keep the plants free from dust, and to pick off decayed leaves ; also frequently stirring the mould on the surface with a blunted stick. They will require washing over their tops once a-week, either by means of a syringe or watering-pot. In frosty weather, watering over their tops should be performed in-doors. Air and Light.—When the air is not frosty, a free circulation is at all times beneficial. In order to have healthful-looking plants, the branches should not be allowed to touch each other, and should AP; 196 ON GROWING PLANTS IN ROOMS. always be kept as near the light as possible, frequently turning the plants to prevent the heads being deformed, as the natural inclination is to lean towards the light. Pruning.—Taking off the point of the main shoot of a woody plant when young causes it to grow bushy, and to be formed of a handsome shape. Also, when a plant is making shoots for flowering, taking off the points of the most luxuriant shoots tends to increase the quantity and size of the blossoms. Ripening the Buds.—The singularly formed foliage or shape of some plants may obtain for them a place in collections; but in general most plants are admired for their blossoms. In order to have them in perfection as well as profusion, it is highly essential that the embryo, or bud, be in a mature state. Bulbous plants, as Amaryl- lises, Hyacinths, &c., when the flower is decayed, the foliage must be encouraged for a few weeks; after which, it may be allowed to die away and remain at rest. The pots retaining the bulbs may be placed on a shelf, where they will be dry, until the time of re-potting, which in general will be in October. Those plants which produce their blossoms upon the wood of the same season, as Pelargoniums (Geraniums), Salvias, Roses, Chrysanthemums, &c., after flowering, require their shoots to be cut back to three or four buds, taking care to preserve the form of the plant, and giving but little water during the state of rest. When the plant begins to grow in the spring, haying a larger pot given, and a regular supply of water afforded, and kept in moderate warmth, the blossoms will be produced. Herbaceous plants, as most species and varieties of Calceolarias, &c., after flower- ing, require their tops cutting off, and but little water during their rest ; a large pot is given when the plants begin to grow. Deciduous plants, as Fuchsias, Hydrangeas, &c., when the leaves begin to fall, will require but little water, and rest until spring, when a larger pot will be necessary, and the shoots to be pruned back a little. Ever- greens, as Azaleas, Myrtles, &c., when done flowering, require a larger pot, and their wood encouraging until it becomes ripe. Here I include the Cactus tribe, &c. At this potting, some of the species will require their old wood thinning out. Choice of Plants.—The taste of persons being so dissimilar, no list of plants I could furnish would be able to give entire satisfac- tion; I therefore think it unnecessary to attempt it here, and must REMARKS ON THE HEPATICA. 197 leave the amateur to suit himself, his experience and fancy being likely to afford the best directions on the choice of plants suitable for him to cultivate. ARTICLE III. REMARKS ON THE HEPATICA. BY A COUNTRY CURATE. To me the early flowers of spring possess more than ordinary interest ; and one of the neatest is the humble Hepatica in its varieties ; and every flower-bed or border within sight of the dwelling-house ought to be ornamented with these lovely harbingers of still more extensive displays of beauty and fertility. I have not been possessed of a plot of ground for a garden more than three years; but since I have, I have used every means to obtain a stock of the early spring flowers. I now possess the follow- ing :—Single blue, double blue, single white, single red, single pink, and the double red. JI have read of several other varieties, but cannot find them at any nursery establishment I have yet applied to. I am quite aware, if attention had been paid to the raising of seed- lings, other beautiful distinct varieties might have been raised. I am now, for the first season, attempting it; and next spring I hope to have the pleasure of having raised some other good ones. I have been told there is a double white variety in existence in this country, as also a double yellow, and a single white with red anthers ; but I have not yet been able to obtain them. The following kinds I have read of, and give the descriptive list with a view to bring the lovely little flower more into notice, and to encourage the production of seedlings, as well as to get all the kinds I can additional to my present stock ; and I shall be obliged if any reader of the Casinet who possesses others I have not would inform me, through the medium of the conductor of this magazine, and I shall be glad to treat for a plant of each :— 1. The great single blue Hepatica.—The leaves are somewhat brown, and hairy at their first coming, which after are broad ; the flowers are of a fair blue colour, with many white chives or threads (stamens) in the middle. 2. The small blue H—The leaves of this Hepatica are smaller by the half than the former, and grow more abundantly, or bushing thick 198 REMARKS ON THE HEPATICA. together; the flowers (when it showeth them, for I have had the plant half a score years, and yet never saw it bear flower above once or twice) are of a pale or bleak blue colour, not so large as the flowers of the former. 3. The purple H.—This Hepatica is in all things like unto the first, but only the flowers are of a deep purple, tending to a violet purple. Small and very double. 4, The lesser white H.—The flowers of this Hepatica are wholly white, of the bigness of the red or purple, and the leaves somewhat smaller, and of a little whiter or paler green colour ; else in all other things agreeing with the former. 5. The great white H.—There is no other difference herein from the last, but that the flower, being as white, is much larger. 6. The ash-coloured or Argentrive H.—Both the leaves and the flowers of this Hepatica are larger than any of the former except the last; the flowers hereof at the first opening seem to be of a blush ash colour, which do so abide three or four days, decaying still until it turn almost white, having yet still a show of that blush ash colour in them till the very last. 7. The white H. with red threads (stamens).—There is no dif- ference between this Hepatica and the first white one, saving that the threads in the middle of the flower being white, as in the former, are tipt at the ends with a pale reddish colour, which added a great beauty to the flowers. 8. The red H.—The leaves of this Hepatica are of a little browner red colour, both at their first coming up and afterwards, especially in the middle of the leaf, more than any of the former ; the flowers are in form like unto the rest, but of a bright blush or pale red colour, very pleasant to behold, with white threads or chives in the middle of them. ‘9. The double purple H.~The double Hepatica is in all things like unto the single purple kind, saving only that the leaves are larger, and stand upon longer foot-stalks, and that the flowers are small buttons, but very thick of leaves (petals), and as double as a flower can be, of a deep blue or purple colour, without any threads or bead in the middle, which fall away without giving any seed. 10. The double blue H.—In the colour of this flower consisteth the chief difference from the last, except one may say it is a little THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. 199 less in the bigness of the flower, but not in doubleness of leaves (petals). 11. The double white H.—Hath smaller and fresher green leaves than any other; flowers snow white, very compact double. 12. The single yellow H.—The flowers are of a sulphur white. 13. The peach colour H.—Very neat and pretty. 14. The single pink H.—A very abundant bloomer. All these plants with single flowers grow naturally in the woods and shadowy places of Germany, in many places, and some of them in Italy also. The double kind hath been sent out of Italy, and was also found in the woods near the Castle of Starnbeg, in Austria. I find them grow well in a sandy loam, the subsoil being sand. They are thus in a favourable soil for enduring the severities of winter. In order to provide for casualties, I grow two or three plants of a sort in pots, which are kept in a cool frame during winter. I have not, however, lost a single plant during the last three winters. I obtained ripe seed at the end of June, 1844, and sowed it on the 18th of July. I retained the plants in their seed-pots until the end of March this year, when I planted them out in a sheltered situation at six inches apart; they have now made pretty bushy plants, and I intend them to remain in the situation they now are till they bloom the next spring. I beg very respectfully to invite other persons to attempt to increase the varieties by raising seedlings, and with a special design to obtain double flowering ones. ARTICLE IV. THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS OF THE METROPOLIS. Royat Bortanre Society, Regent’s Park, June 4. Wirn equal propriety may we apply to this exhibition of the Botanic Society the assertion made in our last Number relative to the Chis- wick Show of May 24, being the best that the Horticultural Society ever had; for here, too, the numerous magnificent specimens dis- played so high a state of cultivation, that it appeared impossible that many of them ever could be surpassed; and the increase upon last year of the number of competitors was also so great, that it was found 200 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS indispensable to erect a new marquee to supply the requisite accom- modation. We rejoice to have to record this most gratifying fact, because it so obviously affords us evidence that not alone is the knowledge of skilful treatment making rapid extension, but that the number of spirited cultivators are proportionately progressing. The visitors to the show numbered upwards of 8000. Her Majesty the Queen, Prince Albert, the Prince of Leiningen, and other of the Royal Family, attended before the gates were opened to the public, and spent some time in inspecting the various collec- tions. Her Majesty particularly noticed the most striking plants, as she passed through the tents. The fine specimen of Epiphyllum speciosum of Mr. Green especially elicited her admiration. The early part of the day was fine, and promised fair weather ; mid-day, however, brought with it a westerly wind, threatening clouds, and occasionally slight drizzling showers till about four o’clock, when a heavy shower, of some duration, fell; but from about half-past four to the close of the exhibition, the sun shone brightly, so that the walks and lawns soon became dry, and for two hours they were crowded by a numerous and highly fashionable attendance. By the regulations of the Society, the exhibitions are open to all competitors, whether fellows or not. But in order that the specimens received for exhibition may be properly arranged, and displayed to advantage, the exhibitors are requested to communicate their mten- tions to the secretary previous to the day of exhibition, specifying the probable extent of table room, in square feet or otherwise, which their plants, flowers, &c., require. Unless previous notice has been given, the exhibitors, on entering the gardens, are requested to sign a book or deliver a statement in writing, specifying in what collections their articles are to be exhibited. They are also to apply to the clerk for labels to attach to their several exhibitions; and to see that when staged they are marked with the proper letters of division; and omis- sions or mistakes, arising from neglect or improper entries on their part, cannot be rectified after the awards have been made. At half- past eight o’clock in the morning the gates are closed, after which no subjects for competition are on any account whatever received; nor is any person allowed to open packages containing articles for com- petition. The judges proceed at ten o’clock to examine the merits of the subjects exhibited, by which hour the placing and arranging OF THE METROPOLIS. 201 of all must be completed. Subjects of decidedly inferior quality cannot be received for competition, and such subjects the judges are empowered to reject ; and in order to uphold the value and impor- tance of the Society’s awards, the judges are authorized either to withhold or to diminish the value of the awards; that is, to grant either first, second, or third prizes, at their discretion. The judges are also invited to recommend to the Council to increase the number or amount of the awards, and to give prizes for subjects of extraor- dinary merit which may be exhibited, although not specified in the schedule. It is particularly desired by the Society that all plants be distinctly labelled with their scientific names, and the places whence introduced, where practicable ; and all cut-flowers are required to be distinctly named. Should any exhibition contain one or more plants which have not been in the possession of the exhibitor two months previous to the exhibition at which the plant or plants are shown, such circumstance will disqualify the exhibitor to compete for prizes, except in the case of plants newly imported by the exhibitor, and shown as new or rare. In the event of any dispute arising from this, the exhibitor is required to sign a written declaration, which is con- sidered final. The judges are not appointed from among the fellows, members, or officers of the Society, which is a very good rule; nor is any person who shall accept the office of judge allowed to compete for prizes. Persons who supply subjects for competition for which prizes are offered, are granted pass-tickets, and are re-admitted to the show at two o’clock. Atseven o’clock in the evening the exhibitions close, and all articles exhibited will then be delivered up to the exhibitors. CLASS I. MisceLLANeous Grovurs AND SPECIMENS. In the collections of plants embraced in this class were numerous magnificent specimens, as will be found detailed below. In the small collections of tens and fifteens,—the former especially, in which there was nine competitors,—a decidedly inferior plant could not have been detected. No less than twenty-seven subjects were shown as speci- mens of superior cultivation and ornament; and in new or rare plants some very interesting ones appeared. Particularly captivating was the excellent plant, four feet high, of the beautiful Dipladenia crassinoda, shown by Messrs. Lucombe and Pince; it, indeed, fully realised our statement, that the plant well deserves to be grown in 202 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS every stove collection. Very attractive, also, was a fine plant of Fuchsia serratifolia, (a good figure of which illustrates our present Number,) from Messrs. Veitch and Son.. The Alpine plants proved to be not without interest, although they are wanting in that bril- liancy which characterises most plants brought to floral exhibitions. Srove anp GREENHOUSE PLANTS. In collections of 30 species or distinct varieties ; not more than 6 species or varieties of any one genus to be admitted. Nurserymen and Private Growers. lst Prize, 15/., Mr. Barnes, gardener to G. W. Norman, Esq., Bromley.—This superb collection comprised, in Pimelias, Hendersonii, a dwarf specimen, 2 feet across, and full of its pretty pink flower heads; and decussata, a bush 4 feet high, and as much in diameter. In Diilwynias was ericifolia, clavata, and midis, each a fine specimen, of 4 feet high, and full of bloom. In the genus Aphlexis was sesamoides, a cone-shaped plant, 4 feet high, studded over with its starry flowers ; humilis, nearly as large, and equally well flowered; and purpurea grandiflora, a small specimen, with large deep crimson flowers; Azalea indica alba, a large spreading plant; and Gladstanesii, a small plant; Leschenaultia formosa, an immense mass of bloom, the plant being 23 feet high ; very healthy and fine plants of Clerodendron splendens and Kempferi; large bushes of Poly- golia oppvsitifolia, P. cordifulio, and Pheenocoma prolifera, the latter 2 feet high and about 10 feetin circumference; a very beautiful bush of Boronia denticu- lata, 23 feet high; Podolobium staurophyilum, a flat-trained plant, 4 feet by 3; Eutaxia pungens, Ixora coccinea, Gompholobinm tenellum, Rondeletia speciosa, Epacris grandiflora, good plants of Erica odora, full of its pretty little white bells; fastigata lutescens, elegans, Thunbergii, grandinosa and interme- dia, the two latter being immense specimens; and a large specimen of Ste- phanotus floribundus, but not well in bloom. 2nd Prize, 10/.. Mr. Hunt, gardener to Miss Trail, Hayes.—This collection contained an Ixora coccinea, 5 feet high, with forty-two flower-heads, most of which were expanded, and had a fine effect ; Gompholobium polymorphum, an exceedingly good plant, on a curved shield trellis, 5 feet by 3, well filled . with bloom; a magnificent plant of Pimelia spectabilis, 4 feet by 4, thick and well furnished, but not fully in bloom; a dense Leschenaultia formosa, Boronia serrulata, a nearly globular plant, covered with “pink stars ;” Clero- dendron squamatum, with two spikes; Phcenocoma prolifera, Pimelia decussata, Achimenes longiflora and grandiflora, good pots; Polygala oppositifolia, large; Kennedya villosa, Vinca rosea alba, Azalea Danielsiana, Polygala cordifolia, Oncidium flexuosum, O.luridum guttatum, and O. Devoniensis, a species with brown-mottled flowers from Honduras; Dillwynia splendens, and D. clavata; Chorozema varium, Epidendrum macrophyllum, Gardoquia Hookerii; and the following heaths,—K. perspicua nana, a beautifully-flowered bush, 23 feet by 3 feet; E. vestita coccinea, large; E, translucens rosea, E. gemmifera, 3 feet across, but not quite out; E. ventricosa pregnans, good; and E. ventricosa superba. No other competitor. In collections of 15 species or distinct varieties ; not more than 4 species or varieties of any one genus to be admitted. Nurserymen only. Ist Prize, Tn, Mr. Frazer, Lea-Bridge Road.—The whole of these were remarkably well grown; Epacris grandiflora was a fine bush, 5 feet high by 4 - OF THE METROPOLIS. 203 feet in diameter ; Eutaxia myrtifolia was large, and a complete mass of bloom ; an excellent Boronia pinnata, a depressed cone, 3 feet by 3; Coleonema pulchra, a great bush, 5 feet by 5 or 6 feet in diameter; a very large globular plant of Pimelia linifolia, Azalea sinensis, Chorozema Henchmanni, Azalea variegata, a splendid plant; Erica vestita coccinea, fine; Boronia serrulata, a round plant, 2 feet high; a variety of Daviesia latifolia, on trellis, and quite full of its pretty little blossoms; Erica Bergiana, 3 feet by 3, good; a finely-bloomed Chorozema varium yar, nana, Polygala acuminata, and a very nice Pimelia spectabilis. 2nd Prize, 4/., Mr. Pawley, Bromley, for an immense Gompholobium poly- morphum, nicely flowered; Chorozema varium, a large bush, 3 feet high, and full of bloom; a very large Hardenbergia monophylla; a cone-shaped Erica Cayendishii, 2 feet by 13; Pimelia decussata, a 3 feet bush; Ixora coccinea, 2 feet high, with twenty heads of flowers ; Euphorbia splendens, Calanthe vera- triflora, Azalea lateritia, thin; Erica perspicua nana, a fine plant, 14 foot each way; Sinningia Sellerii, Clerodendron splendens coccinea, Erica ventricosa stel- lata, and Aphelexis humilis, 2 feet high, No other competitor. In collections of 10 species or distinct varieties ; not more than 2 species or varieties of any one genus to be admitted. Private Growers only. Ist Prize, 5/., Mr. Green, gardener to Sir E. Antrobus, Bart., Cheam, for ten superb plants, consisting of Hovea Celsii, trained cylindrically, 3 feet, finely bloomed ; a dwarf Pimelia decussata, loaded with blossoms ; Calanthe veratri- flora, with ten spikes; Coleonema pulchra, a very handsome bush, 4 feet each way; a large Genista bracteolata; Gompholobium polymorphum, on a curved trellis; Azalea Gledstanesii, 5 feet by 3, very well in flower; a fine Brachy- sema latifolia, on a cylinder trellis; Pimelia rosea, a neat dwarf plant; and Erica propendens, 3 feet. 2nd Prize, 3/., Mr. May, gardener to E. Goodhart, Esq., Beckenham, for a collection so nearly equal to the last, that the judges had great difficulty in deciding between them: these were Ixora coccinea, a splendid object, 4 teet high, with thirty-two flower-heads, nearly all of which were expanded ; Hovea Celsii, an exceedingly good plant, 3 feet by 2, loaded with flowers; a small but very good Pimelia spectabilis; Erica splendens, 24 feet, hardly out, but otherwise in fine order; Erica elegans, dwarf and good; Leschenaultia for- mosa, dwarf; Azalea variegata, good ; and Azalea Indica alba; Polygala cordi- folia, Aphelexis purpurea grandifiura. 3rd Prize, 2/., Mr. Kyle, gardener to R. Barclay, Esq., Leyton, for Coleonema gracilis, a dense bush, of a most graceful character; Azalea lanielsiana, a dwarf standard plant, well furnished with deep coloured flowers; Ixora coccinea, small; a very good Mirbelia Baxterii, on a globular trellis, 14 foot high; a spreading dwarf plant of Azalea lateritia, with large flowers, quite a blaze; Polygala oppositifolia ; Oncidium flexuosum, Aphelexis humilis, Erica Cayen- dishil, aud Kpacris grandiflora, dth Prize, 14, Mr. Bruce, gardener to B. Miller, Esq., Tooting, for Ixora coccinea, tall; Chorozema Henchmanni, on a globe trellis; Chorozema ovata, ona small curved trellis, prettily bloomed; Leschenaultia formosa, and L, biloba ; Aphelexis sesamoides, Eutaxia pungens, Erica ventricosa carnea, Aza- lea variegata, and Aphelexis humilis. ° Extra Prize, Mr. Clark, gardener to W. Black, Esq., Muswell-hill, for Boronia serrulata, small; Pimelia decussata, a large bush ; a large spreading double red Azalea; avery large plant of Epacris grandiflora, exceedingly well flowered ; Erica perspicua nana, good; a dwarf Gesnera splendens, with fourteen flower- stems; a large old Erica hybrida, athin Aphelexis humilis, Leschenaultia for- mosa, and Kpiphyllum Ackermanni major, a dwarf plant, very nicely flowered. Extra Prize, Mr. Slowe, gardener to W. R. Baker, Esq., Bayfordbury Park, for a free-grown Coleouema gracilis; a large Selaga Gillii, well flowered; Jus- ticia carnea, with eight flower-heads; Pimelia hispida, Erica ventricosa superba ; 204 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS Rondeletia speciosa, a good plant; Euthales macrophylla; a thin Aphelexis humilis; Vinca rosea, a good plant, 2 feet by 2; and Polygala cordifolia. Extra Prize, Mr. Ayres, gardener to J. Cook, Esq., Brooklands, for Ixora coc- cinea, a very dwarf plant, with seventeen flower-heads; a very large Pentas carnea, with abundance of bloom; Erica propendens, small and good; Begonia parvifolia, a dense mass of flowers and foliage; Polygala oppositifolia ; Azalea variegata, small, densely grown; Boronia serrulata, 3 feet; Leschenaultia for- mosa, a dwarf plant, flat at top; Pimelia spectabilis, a very good small plant; and Erica tricolor. Extra Prize, Mr. Cockburn, gardener to the Earl of Mansfield, Kenwood.— This collection comprised Kennedya macrophylla, on a flat trellis, 3 feet by 2 ; Euthales macrophylla, bushy, 3 feet; Chorozema Henchmanni, on a two-feet globe trellis; a large Genista bracteolata; Stephanotus floribundus, on three- feet cylinder, with few flowers; Epiphyllum fulgidum, full of flower buds, but not out; Hydrangea japonica; a dense bush of Cassia corymbosa; a very nice Eriostemon buxifolium, forming a four-feet cone, with plenty of its starry blos- soms; and Zichya glabrata, 4 teet by 3, on a flat trellis. Besides the above, a collection was also shown by Mr. Kaye, gardener to B, D. Colvin, Esq., Norwood, SPECIMEN PLAN's. In new or old kinds ; but plants only of decided merit, as objects of ornament, can be allowed to compete. Nurserymen and Private Growers. Ist Prize 2/., Mr. Rae, gardener to J. J. Blandy, Esq., Reading, for Aerides odoratum; a magnificent plant, with eighteen large spikes of flowers. 2nd Prize, 1/., Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., Exeter, for a fine Cyrtoceras reflexus, trained 3 feet high to a cylindrical trellis, and having numerous bunches of its singular yellowish flowers. 3rd Prize, 10s., Mr. Pawley, Bromley, for Stephanotus floribundus, on a flat trellis 6 feet high by 5 feet in diameter, and beautifully flowered. 4th Prize, 10s., Messrs. Veitch and Son, Exeter, for Erica Cavendishii; a good plant, 2 feet high and 9 feet in circumference at the base. Extra Prize, Messrs, Veitch, for Xanthosia rotundifolia, a large bush, 4 feet by 3. cas extra Prizes, Mr. Bruce, for Pimelia spectabilis, 2 feet by 3, very full of flowers; and for Aphelexis humilis, a fine plant, 3 feet high by 2 feet broad. Extra Prize, Mr. Franklin, Hampstead, for a large plant of a Pelargonium, named Frankliniana. Two extra Prizes to Mr. Barnes, for Aphelexis humilis, 2 feet by 2, very good; and for a young and vigorous plant of Leschenaultia formosa. Extra Prize, J. B. Crasswell, Esq., Exeter, for a large plant, 4 feet high, of Pavetta caffra, pretty well flowered. Extra Prize, Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., for a large Erica intermedia. Other plants exhibited in this section were—from Mr. Barnet, gardener to J. Buckle, Esq., York, a small Erica aristata major; from Mr. Beck, Isleworth, Achimenes picta, with beautiful foliage, but not much in flower; from Mr. Frank- lin, a small Azalea ledifolia; from Mr. Piper, gardener to A. Ward, Esq., Hol- loway, Calceolaria, Lady Constable; from Mr. Pamplin, Walthamstow, a very good Prostranthera violacea; from Messrs. Veitch and Son, Dracophyllum secundum, 3 feet; from Messrs. Henderson, Erica Albertii superb, a variety with small flame-coloured vestita-like flowers; from Messrs. Lucombe and Co., a large Fabiana imbricata; from Mr. Chalmers, gardener to E. Johnson, Ksq., Waltham, a very pretty Azalea Danielesia, with a circular flat sloping face, 3 feet across; from Mr. Crisp, Leyton, a very fine Aphalexis speciosa, 2 feet; from Mr. Torrest, Kensington, three Statice macrophylla ; from Mr. Wells, Leyton, a small Azalea lateritia; from Mr. Dickenson, gardener, Noel House, Twicken- ham, a plant of Miller’s Petunia punctata; and from Mr, Don, a large scarlet Pelargonium, named Smithii. OF THE METROPOLIS. 205 New or Rare Prants. In bloom. No plant will be considered as new which has previousl I ie j ee P y been exhibited at the Society's exhibition. Ist Prize, 2/., Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., for Dipladenia crassinoda, of which lovely plant we gave a figure and description last month. 2nd Prize (first), 12., Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., for Vesaiia floribunda, of which also we gave a figure last month, and a description in page 146. ~ 2nd Prize (second), 1/., Messrs. Veitch and Son, for Fuchsia serratifolia ; figured and described in our present number. 3rd Prize (first), 10s., Messrs. Veitch and Son, for Vesalia floribunda. 3rd Prize (second), 10s., Messrs. Veitch and Son, for Siphocampylus coccineus ; see our third plate of last month, and description in page 146. 3rd Prize (third), 10s., Mr. Jack, gardener to R. G. Lorraine, Esq., Carshal- ton, for Dipladenia crassinoda. Extra Prize, Mr. Barnes, for Luxembergia ciliosa, 2 feet high. Extra Prize, Mr. Plant, for Petasostylis (Lisianthus) nigrescens, with small very dark maroon flowers, and of graceful habit. In addition to the above, Messrs. Lucombe and Co. showed Burtonia bru- nioides, a plant with woolly linear leaves, and heads of yellow lotus-like flowers. From Mr. Henchman, of Edmonton, was Gastrolobium spinosum, a shrubby plant of rather straggling habit; the flowers are produced in heads of about 18, and of a yellow and deep red colour. From Mr. Beck was Achimenes multiflora; and from J. Allnutt, Esq., Clap- ham, was a small plant of a crimson semi-double Azalea, named Grandiflora. Not in bloom, but remarkable for the beauty of their foliage or habit | of growth. ' Ist Prize, 2/., Messrs. Lucomb and Co., for Drimys Winterii, a fine hardy greenhouse plant, from Straits Magalhaens, the foliage of a rich green colour, and as large as Magnolia grandiflora. 2nd Prize, 1/, Mr. Stowe, for a large bush, 3 or 4 feet high, by as much in diameter, of that fine shrub Veronica speciosa. No other prize awarded. There were in addition, from Messrs. Veitch, a small plant of Anzctochilus setaceus, so remarkable for the beauty of its foliage, having brownish green velvetty leaves, closely netted over with golden and copper-coloured veins; trom Mr. Bunney, Stratford, was a tall plant of Phyllocladus trichomanoides ; and from Mr. Henchman were small plants of Brachysema villosa, Bossize Hookerii, Gastrolobium nova species, and Oxylobium nova species. Atrtne Pusnvts. In collections of 24 rare species. Nurserymen and Private Growers. Ist Prize, 1/. 10s., Mr. Wood, nurseryman, Norwood. This was avery neat co!- lection of plants; amongst them we observed Linaria pilosa, L. Hepaticifolia, and L. pyrenaica; Anthyllis montana, Stachys Corsica, Galium Grecum, Alyssum minimum, and Saxifraga Aizoon, with several others. No other competitor. CLASS II. Natura Groups. The exhibitions in this class are chiefly intended to display the effect of natural classification, by representing the habits and affinities of natural orders or of genera. The Cape Heaths were not only 206 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS numerous, but displayed very fine condition. The plant of Caven- dishii, shown by Messrs. Fairbairn, was a splendid specimen and deserving of particular mention. The Orchidaceous plants were likewise generally very good. The season for greenhouse Azaleas being nearly past, but two collections were produced. The Cactaceous plants, from their gorgeous appearance, always have great effect at Floral exhibitions ; only two collections, however, were here shown, but these were very good. Cacraceous PLants. In collections of 6 species or varieties of the tall growing hinds, including Epiphyllum, Cereus, Se. Nurserymen and Private Growers. lst Prize, 5/., Mr. Green, gardener to Sir E. Antrobus, Bart. This collection consisted of a splendid plant of Epiphyllum speciosum ; large plants, 5 or 6 feet high, of Epiphyllum Ackermannii and Cereus speciosissimus, both well flowered ; tpiphyllum coccineum multiflora, and EH. coccineum ceeruleum, each about 3 feet high, and a perfect mass of bloom; there was also another plant, of some unnamed Epiphyllum, rather smaller, but equally well bloomed. 2ud Prize, 3/., Mr. Bruce, for smaller plants, but scarcely less beautiful, of Epiphyllum Jenkinsonii, E. Ackermannii major, E. speciosum, E. speciosum grandiflorum, the latter with deeper pink flowers than the old kind, and having a tinge of scarlet in the colouring; Cereus speciosissimus, and a standard plant of C, flagelliformis, with a crown of deep pink blossoms. Ericacrous Piants. In collections of 15 species or distinct varieties. Private Growers only. 1st Prize, 87., Mr. May, gardener to E. Goodhart, Esq., for Erica perspicua nana, 2 feet by 2, good; EH. denticulata moschata, a large mass of flower; E. mundula, 2 feet, very densely branched and flowered ; an excellent E. pro- pendens, a yard each way; a large E. Thunbergia, 4 feet; E. Beaumontiana a very dense bush of E. grandinosa; E. ventricosa superba, well furnished, but the flowers hardly out; E, mirabilis; a dense bush of E. Humeana, 3 feet by 3; E. ventricosa alba, very fine; E. odorata, rather thin, but well bloomed; E. hy- brida, large ; a very large E. vestita alba; and E. Westphalingia. 2nd Prize, 5/., Mr. Barnes, for Erica elegans, dwarf, very good; WH, favoides elegans; an excellent Kh. mundula, 2 feet across; E. ventricosa coccinea minor, very finely bloomed: HE. ventricosa superba, and E. ventricosa erusiflora, good plants ; HE. densa, not out; a bad E. propendens; EK. gemmifera, very fine; E. Westphalingia, old; a small nicely-flowered E. Sprengelii; E. fastigiata lute- scens; E. Humeana, a dense mass, 13 foot through; E. Templeana, thin but neat; and E. daphneflora, 2 feet by 2. 3rd Prize, 3/., Mr. Taylor, gardener to J. Costar, Esq., Streatham, for a col- lection of very neat and mostly small plants of E. ventricosa superba, E. ventri- cosa carnea, B, ventricosa coccinea, and E. ventricosa coccinea nana, E. depressa, E, gemmifera; E. splendens, thin; E, campanulata, E. Cavendishii, E, ovata, E, Humeana, E. Bergiana, E. nigrita, E. vestita alba, and a larger old p lant of E, Bowieana. OF THE METROPOLIS. 207 In collections of 12 distinet species or varieties. Nurserymen only. Ist Prize, 4/., Messrs. Fairbairn, Clapham. This collection contained a splendid KE. Cavendishii, a yard high, and as much through at the base; E. ventricosa alba, E. ventricosa carnea, and E. ventricosa coccinea minor, beauti- fully flowered plants; E. Westphalingia, 23 feet through; E. tricolor, 13 foot by 2 feet across, good; E, tricolor nova, and E. tricolor elegans; E vestita coc- cinea, a very fine plant, 2 feet by 3 feet in diameter; E. Humeana, E. jasmi- noides, and E, odora rosea. 2nd Prize, 3/., Mr. Fraser, Lea Bridge, who had a good E. Thunbergia, 2 feet by 2; E. Bergiana, about the same size; E. ventricosa coccinea minor, 12 foot through, and about 1 foot high; E. intermedia; E. campanulata, 2 feet high and a yard through; E. suaveolens; E. ventricosa stellata; E. Beaumont- iana, 9 inches high, densely covered with flowers; E. mirabilis, E. mundula, and E. perspicua nana, each about 18 inches through, and quite dwarf; and E. pro- pendens, a moderate-sized but maguificently-bloomed plant, No other competitor. In collections of 8 species or very distinct varieties. Private Growers only. lst Prize, 42., Mr. Hunt, for E. Sprengelii, 2 feet by 2; E. tricolor, rather shorter and as much through; and a variety of Ji. tricolor; E, suaveolens, 3 feet ; E. perspicua nana, 14 foot by 2; KE. ventricosa tricolor, and EK, Westphalingia, each 3 feet by 2; anda good E. odorata. These plants were generally free- grown thin plants, but well flowered. 2nd Prize, 2/. 10s., Mr. Green, consisting of E. intermedia; E. gelida, and E. suaveolens, large old plants; E. Beaumontiana; EK. Cavendishii, not out; a good E. ventricosa coccinea nana, 1 foot by 2; E. jasminiflora, well flowered; and a very good E, perspicua nana. No other competitors. In collections of 6 species, or very distinct varieties, grown in No. 24 or 16-sized pots. Private Growers only. lst Prize, 27, Mr. Bruce, for E. Cavendishii, 2 feet by 2; E. Bergiana, a beautiful little plant with drooping branches, 13 foot high; E. propendens, 2 feet by 2, good; E. ventricosa coccinea minor, very dwarf; E. intermedia ; and E, perspicua nana, very dwarf, and covered with flowers. These were all very pretty plants. 2nd Prize, 1/., Mr. Roser, gardener to J. Norris, Esq., Streatham. These were particularly dwarf compact plants of E. Westphalingia, E. ventricosa coccinea minor, E, ventricosa coccinea nana, E, ventricosa superba, E. Bergiana, and E. hybrida. J xtra Prize, Mr. Reid, gardener to E. Wigram, Esq., Walthamstow, for dwarf nicely-bloomed plants of E. perspicua nana, H. ventricosa pregaans coccinea, and . ventricosa coccinea minor; E. ampullacea vittata, KE, denticulata mos- chata, and E. florida. In addition to the above, Mr. Kyle had a collection of similar plants of E. ventricosa coccinea, KE. ventricosa alba, and E. ventricosa pregnans coccinea, E. Beaumontiana, E. perspicua nana, and E. propendens. Mr. Slowe also hada collection of plants equally compact, of the following kinds :—E., florida, EK. Beau- montiana, E. ovata, E. Bergiana, HE. ventricosa coccinea minor, and E. vestita alba. These small plants, in many cases uot more than from 9 inches to 1 foot high, and quite as much through, completely enveloped in blossoms, were perhaps a interesting with the more valuable and magnificent specimeis of giant growth. 208 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS GreennousE AZALEAS. In collections of 10 plants, very distinct kinds. Nurserymen and Private Growers. 1st Prize, 5/., Mr. Green, for Rawsonii, aurantia, leucomigista, sinensis, pallida rubra plena, ledifolia, and very full-flowered plants of variegata and lateritia. 3rd Prize, 1/. 10s., Mr. Gaines, for small thin plants of decora, grandis, aurantia superb, Victoria, delicata, admirable, carnea, brilliant, nymph, and King of Saxony. OrcuipAcrous Pranrts. In collections of not less than 15 exotie species or distinct varieties. Nurserymen and Private Growers. Ist Prize, 157, Mr. Mylam, gardener to S. Rucker, Esq., Wandsworth. This collection contained many fine plants, and was much admired ; we noticed Anguloa uniflora, with four flowers; Brassia Lawrenceana, two spikes ; Lycaste Deppei, Catleya Mossie, and some varieties: Lycaste aromatica; L. cruenta, and L. tyrianthina; Cypri pedizm barbatum, with two flowers; a species of Epidendrum, with green flowers ; E. macrochylum, E. selligerum, E. patens, E. aloifolium, and E. elatum; Brassia verrucosa, four spikes; Huntleya violacea ; Camarotis purpurea, with five spikes; Coryanthes speciosa, with a spike of two flowers; Oncidium leucochylum, O. pumilum, four spikes; O. pulchellum, four spikes; O. pulvinatum, and O. divaricatum; Cirrhea atropurpurea, with the rim of the pot hidden by its numerous drooping spikes of sad-coloured flowers ; Calanthe veratrifolia, three spikes; Vanda teres; Peristeria stapelioides; Stan- hopea saceata, with seven flower spikes; Stanhopea grandiflora, three spikes ; S. tigrina, four spikes; a remarkable plant of Sobralia macrantha, with eight expanded flowers of large size, and rich deep purple colour ; Saccolabium gut- tatum, with three spikes; an immense mass of Acanthophippium bicolor ; Stenia pallida, three flowers; and Eria Dillwynia, with two spikes. 2nd Prize, 7/., Mr. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence, Ealing Park, for a large Dendrobium moschatum, thinly flowered; C. densiflorum; Lycaste tyrianthina; Epidendrum patens; |E. Crassifolium; E. Selligerum; and E. vitellinum ; Saccolabium guttatum, with four spikes; and S. premorsum, with three; Oncidium ampliatum major; O. flexuosum, large ; and O. pulchellum ; Cattleya Mossie; Broughtonia sanguinea, with five spikes; Huntleya violacea; Barkeria spectabilis; Maxillaria tetragona; Cyrtochilum hastatum; and a species of Cymbidium, with four spikes of light green flowers. In collections of 10 exotic species or varieties. Nurserymen and Private Growers. ? \st Prize, 107, Messrs. Veitch and Son, Exeter. This collection contained Stanhopea saceata; Anguloa uniflora; Cyrtochilum hastatum ; and C, stel- latum; Oncidium ampliatum major; and O. pulvinatum ; Dendrobium calceo- laria, with seven spikes open; Gongora Bufonia, with three spikes; Barkeria spectabilis, two spikes ; and Aerides crispum. 2nd Prize, 5/., Mr. Don, gardener to F. G. Cox, Esq., Stockwell, for Aerides crispum, and A. odoratum; a minute species of Cirrhopetalum; Oncidium flexuosum; QO. leucochylum; and O. pulvinatum; Saccolabium guttatum; Vanda Roxburghii; Brassia caudata, with two spikes; Stanhopea oculata; and S. quadricornis, each with two spikes ; Bifrenaria aureo-fulva; Aerides crispum, and A. crispum pallidum; E. pidendrum glumaceum: and E. luridum; Gon- gora maculataalba; and Lycaste Deppii. Extra Prize, Messrs. Henderson, Edgeware Road, for Zygopetalum rostratum ; Stanhopea quadricornis, and S, tigrina; Oncidium leucochilum ; O. luridum ; NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 209 O. longifolium ; and O. altissimum ; Epidendrum aromaticum; Barkeria spec- tabilis ; and Stanhopea oculata, with three spikes. In collections of 6 exotic species or distinct varieties. 2nd Prize, 4/7, Mr. R. Plant, gardener to J. Schroder, Esq., Stratford, for Aerides crispum, Lycaste aromatica, Vanda cristata, Calanthe veratrifolia, Tri- chopilia tortilis, with some very Jarge flowers ; and Cattleya intermedia. The only competitor. Britisu Ferns. In collections of 30 species, cultivated in pots. Nurserymen and Private Growers. Ist Prize, 2/., Mr. Smith, gardener to J. Anderson, Esq., Regent’s Park. This was a very good collection of this interesting and singular tribe of plants, and contained fifty species and varieties, amongst which we noticed the rare and beautiful Trichomanes speciosum ; Hymenophyllum Tunbridgense, H. Wilsoni, Woodsiz ilvensis, Botrychium lunaria, ,Asplenium alternifolium, A. ene; A. fontanum, A. viride, and A. Adiantum nigrum; Czuopteris alpina, &e. &e. 2nd Prize, 1/., Mr. Taylor, whose collection comprised 36 Species and va- rieties. (To be continued.) PART II. LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. APHELANDRA AURANTIACA. ORANGE-SCARLET FLOWERED. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Acanthaceez, Didynamia Angiospermia. A native of Mexico, which has bloomed with Mr. Low, of the Clapton Nursery, and with Messrs. Henderson and Rollisson. The plant blooms while very dwarf, not exceeding a foot high, and such profusely in flower. When the flowers first open they are yellow, but soon change to a vivid orange-scarlet. They are produced in large dense spikes, each blossom being about two inches across. It is a very showy hot-house plant, and well deserves a place wherever practicable. BrGonta Arso-coccinea. Scarier anv Wuite FLowereEp. (Bot. Mag. 4172.) Begoniacez. Monecia Polyandria. Seeds of this very pretty species were received from India to the Royal Gardens at Kew, where it has recently bloomed, in the very fine collection of this lovely tribe of stove-plants. The flower scape rises half a yard high, producing a numerously branching panicle of flowers. The branches are red, as is the exterior of the flowers, whilst the inside is white with a slight tinge of blush. The leaves are of a deep green, smooth, oval. It is a very interesting species, well meriting cultivation. Curronia FLortpuNDA. ABUNDANT FLowERING. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Gen- tianaceez. Pentandria Monogynia. It is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, now in the collections of Mr. Jackson of Kingston, and Messrs. Rollisson of Tooting. Itis a greenhouse shrub, growing low, numervusly branching, and forms a compact plant. Each shoot produces flowers near to the extremity. Each blossom is about an inch across, of a rosy-red with a small yellow centre of pistil and stamens. It blooms most of the summer season. Croct auvrumnares. AvutumMNaL Crocus. (Bot. Reg. 37.) Iridacezx. Triandria Monogynia. 1. C. Damascenus, very light blue. . 2. C. Byzantinus, purple. 3. C. Tournefortianus, very light blue with white anthers, Vou. XIII. No, 150. R 210 NEW AND RARE PLANTS, 4, C. Cambessedianus, white striped with deep purple. 5. C. Medius, deep purple with darker stripes. 6. C. Cartwrightianus, white with dark stripes in an early stage, but after- wards of a light blue with darker stripes. 7. —— Creticus, pale blue, with patches of white. 8. C. Clusianus, violet-blue. Notes of the above are given by the Dean of Manchester, Hon. and Rev. W. Herbert. These pretty flowers appearing in autumn produce a lively in- terest, and render them deserving a place in every flower-bed near to a dwelling house. GoMPHOLOBIUM BARBIGERUM. FRINGE-KEELED, (Bot. Mag. 4171.) Le- guminose. Decandria Monogynid. A native of New Holland, and one of the most beautiful greenhouse plants. It is a moderate sized shrub, with twiggy erect smooth branches, flowering most profusely. Hach blossom is near two inches across, of a very rich yellow. It has been introduced by Messrs. Lucombe and Pince, of Exeter. It deserves to be in every greenhouse. Iris imBRicaTA. ImsBRicaTED (convex BRAcTS.) (Bot. Reg.35.) Iridacee. Triandria Monogynia. It is a showy perennial, hardy. The flowers are of a pretty lemon-colour. The Dean of Manchester communicated the specimen, &e, LEIANTHUS LoNGIFoLIUS. LoNna-LEAveD. (Bot. Mag. 4169.) Gentianee. Pentandria Monogynia (Synonym, Lisianthus erectus.) A small half-shrubby plant, growing to two or three feet high, having spreading, drooping branches, which are clothed with drooping flowers. Each blossom is funnel shaped, tube an inch and a half long, of a pale-yellow colour. . It is in the collection of Messrs. Lee, of Hammersmith Nursery, where it flourishes in the stove. Opvonrostossum CrrvantEsi. Tooru-Toncur. Orchidacee. Gynandria Monandria, (Bot. Reg. 36.) This very beautiful Odontoglossum belongs to the white-lipped section, and has been introduced by Messrs. Loddiges from Oaxaca. The ground colour of the entire flower is a delicate flesh, with band like marks towards the centre of a brownish-crimson, and the petals have a yellow streak up the centre. Each flower is two inches across, and has a de- lightful almond fragrance. Oncipium spiLoprrrum. Spor-wincep. (Bot. Reg. 40.) Orchidaceer. Monandria, A native of Mexico, which has bloomed in the collection of Messrs. Loddiges. It is a beautiful species, appearing to be intermediate between O. lanceanum and Carthaginense, The flower grows erect. Each blessom is a little more than an inchacross. Petals and sepals of a rich brownish-purple. Lip very large, of a fine clear yellow, with slight spots of crimson at the base, Prieroma Kunruiana. Mr. Kunry’s Preroma. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Melas- tomacee. Decandria Monogynia. Mr, Gardner discovered this fine flowering species in boggy situations on the Organ Mountains of Brazil, and sent it to the Glasgow Botanic Garden. It has recently bloomed in the garden of R, G. Loraine, at Wallington Lodge. It is an evergreen shrubby plant, producing its flowers in large thrysoid panicles at the extremities of the branches. Hach blossom is about three inches across, of a rich violet-blue in their early stage, changing to purple up the centre of the petals, and a pale violet at the edges, It is a fine hothouse plant, and well merits cultivation. Like several others of the Melastomacez, which grow naked, it requires to be cut in after blooming, so as to induce laterals, and make the plant bushy. ’ Puytiarturon Boserranum. Mr. Bosrer’s. (Bot. Mag. 4173.) Bigno- maces. Didynamia Gymnospermia. A native of Madagascar; a small singular- looking shrub, having long and broad leaf-like petioles, but no real leaves. The flowers are produced on a very short raceme, of two or three in each, A sepa- rate blossom is about an inch and a-haif across, funnel-shaped, of a pretty rosy flesh-colour, having two broad yellow lines in the throat. RiBES SANGUINEUM FLORE PLENO. DouBLE BLoop-FLOWERED CURRANT. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) It has been raised from seed in the garden of the Earl of NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 211 Selkirk, at St. Mary’s Isle, Kircudbright, in Scotland. Mr. Dick, the gardener, states that about one hundred seedling Ribes had been raised there in 1838, and in 1839 he had them planted out in the open ground, and among them was one, a double-flowering variety, and though no other had the least tendency to being double, there were several distinct colours of single-flowering varieties. The double variety has since then bloomed beautifully, and about three weeks later than the common varieties of Ribes. Its growth is as free, and its blooming as profuse, as the single blood-flowered, and it is as easily propagated. The racemes of flowers vary from three to six inches in length. It is a valu- able addition to this lovely tribe and species; and deserves to be an ornament in every garden, It is a fine plant, too, for forcing. Ruus piversizoza. Various-LEAvED Poison Oak. (Bot. Ree. 38.) Ana- cardiacez. Polygamia Monecia. A native of California, where itis a common bush. It proves to be a hardy deciduous shrub in this country, and has stood last winter against the wall in the London Horticultural Society’s Garden at Chiswick. The flowers are very small, white, produced in short racemes. Sipa (Asvrinon) PaoNrmFLorA. Paony-FLowerep. (Bot. Mag. 4170.) A native of the Organ Mountains of Brazil, and was sent by Mr. Lobb to Messrs. Veitch’s, of Exeter, in whose plant-stove it recently bloomed. It appears to be a tall shrub or small tree. The flowers are produced towards the extremities of the shoots, two or three together, at the axils of the leaves. Each flower has the petals turning inwards, forming nearly a globe, of a beautiful red-rose colour with pale veins; the centre yellow. It is a pretty addition, and would make a fine conservatory plant. Srrenirzra aucusra. Great Wuire-riowrrep. A native of South Africa. The trunk grows to the height of eight or ten yards; a fine plant has recently bloomed at the Royal Gardens, Kew. The flower stalks are of a fine purple colour, and the flowers white. Nortcrep tn THE Boranicat Recisrer, nor Ficurep. Epipenprum invent. Discovered on rocks, near Merida, by Mr. Linden. From the particulars attached to three varieties of it Mr. Linden sent, are, 1, flowers a bright carmine; 2, rose coloured; and, 3, a yellowish-orange. Messrs. Loddiges’ possess a fourth, which has flowers whose centre is rose- coloured, and the upper half of the sepals and petals isa pleasing salmon colour. The habit of the plant is very like that of E. elongatum. Seen 1n Norszrizs, &c. Hiyvssa LoNGiriora arpa. The flowers are pure white, and of the size of the original blue species, produced in large heads, and of a sweet fragrance. Five plants are in bloom at Messrs. Henderson’s, Burronta BruNniowrs. A small New Holland shrub, producing terminal heads of yellow flowers. Messrs. Lucombe and Pince possess the plant. Hyprotxza spinosa. From South America, and requires a stove or warm gteenhouse, It is a shrubby plant, the trunk rising three feet high, numerously branching, producing a profusion of brilliant blue convolvulus-shaped flowers. It blooms beautifully in the collection at Kew Gardens, and well deserves to be in every hothouse collection. Cu@wNostoma vouyanruum. A very neat dwarf, and handsome flowering greenhouse plant, producing numerous loose racemes of small salvia-shaped flowers, of a pretty light blue colour with an orange throat. It blooms nearly all the spring, summer, and autumn, 212 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. PART III. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. QUERIES. On Carnations AND Picorrzs.—Having last season procured some slips of good Carnations and Picotees, yellow and other handsome varieties (originally raised from hybridized seed), the plants which were extremely healthy were this spring turned into beds previously prepared with the following compost, viz.— common earth, a small qnantity of sand and of well rotted cow dung, and the same proportion of rubbish from old buildings of cob and lime. They are all now in bloom, producing only small single flowers of bad colours, the majority white. An answer in an early number by some grower of this class of flowers, as to the cause of such change, will much oblige. North Devon; 19th July, 1845. Aw Oxp Susscrizzr. On Scartzr PeLarconiums.—I procured, early this spring, some scarlet- flowered Geraniums for planting out in beds, and had them turned into a very rich loamy soil. They grow tremendously, and the leaves are six inches across, but few flowers are produced, and the beds are nearly all green vigorous foliage to appearance. It appears to me that the sort supplied me is of too vigorous a growth. I had not a name with it. Are there not some kinds properly suited for beds, if so, please name them and where to be obtained. A Brcinner, . [Frogmore Scarlet is peculiarly adapted for the open beds. It is of a dwarfish habit, a most profuse bloomer, and of an intense rich scarlet colour. The new dwarf, General Tom Thumb, is also an excellent kind for the purpose; it grows very dwarf, blooms profusely, and of a deep rich scarlet. Another kind called the Huntsman, is very much in the way of the Frogmore Scarlet, but a little more vigorous. The above kinds are the best, and every way suited. ‘They may be had at the general nursery establishments at a low price.—ConbucTor.] REMARKS. On Srocxs.—In a recent number of the Casiner an article on Stocks was given, and the following additional ones being exiracted from the ‘‘ Gardeners’ Chronicle,” if inserted, will I hope further tend to the successful cultivation of this lovely flower :-— “ There are few but must have been struck with the beauty of the Stocks which are occasionally to be seen in the well managed garden of the cottager— the result of his care and attention, and which is a lovely proof of the quiet and domestic habits of the inmates. Indeed, I never see a fine bed of Stocks, but it recals the early scenes of my youth, when the seed of emulation first began to develop itself, and when hope shed a cheering ray over youthful anticipations. The cottager sows his Brompton or Giant Stock in March ; he has thus a strong growth before winter, and if he has successfully preserved them until spring he will then be rewarded with what is the characteristic trait of the variety—a splendid spike of flowers. The gardener and others, who have various and better means for the preservation of their Stocks, will sow the Brompton Stock in the latter end of June or beginning of July, and Scarlet 10-week and German varieties in the second week in August; and to prevent disappointment from any variation of the season, he will again sow about the lst of September. The practical gardener will require no detailed directions how to preserve his Stocks through the winter; he will use those means at his command best adapted for the purpose ; they require simply to be kept in a dry and sheltered situation with protection from severe frost, and to be shaded from the sun whilst frosty weather continues. My own practice, however, is to pot the scarlet, Brompton or Giant, three in a pot, and the 10-weeks from five to seven in a pot, and before MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 213 the frost sets in the pots are plunged in dry coal-ashes, in a frame, giving abun- dance of air at every favourable opportunity. : “‘ As soon as the severity of the winter is past, and the plants begin to make a fresh growth, holes are dug out in the borders to the depth of 18 inches, and filled up with two-thirds of old or decomposed turfs, which have been used in the frames for the growth of Melons, &c. To this is added one-third of burnt clay, or whatever may be at hand, such as vegetable refuse, the scourings of ditches—after undergoing the process of burning. The plants are turned out of the pots with the ball entire and are placed in the compost, which is firmly pressed against the ball with the foot, to prevent rapid growth, a firm compact stem being essential to support the noble spike of bloom which the double flowering plants of the scarlet Brompton Stocks produce. “Complaints have been frequently made that the German varieties of the Stock cannot be kept true to their kinds from seed saved in this country; but with the selected sorts which I have grown, I have never found the least diffi- culty, both in regard to the distinctness of the sorts, and the number of plants producing double flowers; these, in fact, were equal to those in every respect which were raised from imported seed. Every one acquainted with the culture of the Stock must have observed the length of time it requires to mature its seed ; hence, we seldom can obtain good seed from spring sown 10-week Stocks. Besides, if several varieties are grown closely together, at the advanced period of the season in which they bloom, most of the winged insects will have under- gone their various transformations; and their nectar-sipping propensities will explain the cause of the complaint already alluded to. “Tt will, however, be expected that I should state the method I adopt to obtain good seed to produce double flowering plants ; and here I would remark, that the greatest difficulty is with the scarlet Brompton. It is well known that a bloom of the single Stock has only four petals, but where proper attention has been previously paid to the saving of the seed, a disposition to double flowering of the single ones will frequently take place; the plants are, therefore, carefully examined, and those flowers that have five or six petals are only allowed to pro- duce seed pods; but as it frequently happens that a sufficient number cannot be obtained to produce a sufficient quantity of seed, those plants are selected which grow beside double flowering ones. The first seven or eight blooms are picked off from the bottom of the spike; the next seven are left to produce seed-pods; and to prevent exhaustion the upper part of the spike, after the pods are well formed, is broken off. The lateral shoots continue to produce blossom, but none are allowed to produce seed-pods. All that is required in saving seed from the 10-week, &c., is not to permit more than seven or eight pods to mature their seed on one plant; after the seed is ripe, it is best preserved in the seed- vessels until it is required to be sown.” —Gardeners’ Chronicle, LONDON HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, REGENT-STREET. June 3, Or new plants a very pretty variety of the handsome greenhouse plant Hindsia violacea was produced by Messrs. Henderson, of Pine Apple-place. There was no material difference between this and the species just mentioned, except in the flowers, which instead of being of a fine porcelain blue were white, a colour into which blue is very liable to change. It was said to be very fragrant, and will no doubt form a very interesting variety. From the same collection was also a yellow variety of Gompholobium polymorphum, a pretty twining New Holland plant. A certificate was awarded for the Hindsia.—Messrs. Veitch and Son, of Exeter, sent Calceolaria floribunda, a Peruvian species, having small yellow flowers, and a cut specimen of a Eucalyptus, bearing little tufts of white blossoms. The latter was said to have been taken from a tree 14 feet in height, and was stated to have stood the winter, such as it is in Devonshire, without injury, for six years in an exposed situation, in their nursery at Exeter. All the kinds that have been tried having proved too tender to stand the severity of the weather without protection in the Suciety’s garden at Chiswick, and some Eucalypti being much more hardy than others, it is worth ascertaining in dif. 214 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. ferent parts of the country what sorts are best adapted to our climate. A cer- tificate was awarded for the Calceolaria.—From Mr. Piper, gardener to A. Ward, Esq., was an exceedingly well-grown plant of the Calceolaria Lady Constable, covered with flowers, and three Schizanthus retusus, A certificate was awarded for the Calceolaria——Mr. Couway, of Brompton, sent a plant of his Cactus called Conway’s Giant, a kind distinguished for the large size of the flowers, and for the bright red colour which they possess——From Mr. Jackson, of Kingston, were Ononis rotundifolia, an Epidendrum from Guatemala, and two plants of Comarostaphylis, a nearly hardy Mexican shrub closely related to Arbutus. In the fruiting season it is covered with pretty dark purple berries, which give the plant a remarkable appearance.—From the garden of the Society were Stanhopea oculata, remarkable for its strong odour. Cypripedium barba- tum, the useful Epidendrum gladiatum, a fine Brassia guttata, three Begonias, a good Erica intermedia, and several well-grown Cinerarias, ,together with Glossocomia ovata, a hardy Indian herbaceous plant, producing pretty pale- coloured bell-shaped flowers, which are elevated on long stalks above the foliage. Along with these was the Persian annual Cochlearia acaulis, a species of stemless Scuryy-grass, which forms little green patches closely studded with small pale starlike fowers.—Finally, a Hyacinth bulb was produced which had been grown in water, and which had had the base all rotted away. On the de- cayed part being removed, however, and the bulb placed under circumstances favourable to vegetation, nearly all the remaiuing portions of the scales pro- duced young bulbs; thus showing with what facility such things may be in- creased by any part of the scales, even when the portion from which the young bulbs usually grow has been removed. Drarnace ¥or Pors.—I am but a novice and amateur; yet little as my expe- rience is, I have found in it the incalculable good effects of perfect drainage, and have long used a material that I have not anywhere seen noticed, although amongst the wise men of the profession it may be quite familiar—that of using the round cinder that falls from steam-engine furnace-fires, It is clean and half vitrified, and agrees with the health of plants. I first place a few crocks to keep the hole free, then one or two inches of these ashes, then a little Moss, and, lastly, the lumpy soil, &c.; by which I effect in a superior way all that is needed. The advantage that the plan possesses is, that no worms will*go through these ashes, and they make a most perfect drainage.—Gardeners’ Chronicle. On Lucuria Grarissiua.—In a former Number of the Caxnrver, in 1844, I observed a valuable article inserted on the culture of the Luculia gratissima, but as there are many persons who have not the means at command to grow it ina conservatory, &c., I beg to remark that by the following attention I grow it admirably in a pot. I find it is a point specially to be attended to, not to stimu- late it to grow in spring and the early part of summer, as it is not naturally inclined to do. I keep my plants in the greenhouse till about the middle of June, then plant them out balls entire in the open border, in a situation that is warm, but shaded from mid-day sun. I take them up again, keeping all the small fibrous roots I can uninjured, the first week in September, putting them into additional sized pots, and place them in a vinery and plant-stove of mode- rate temperature; they grow strongly and soon produce heads for blooming, which display their beauty and fragrance nearly through winter, Hants. SENEX. On Wireworu.—To destroy this pest most effectually :—Towards the end of last year, when my Carnations and other plants had all been removed from my flower-beds, and previous to the latter being turned up for exposure to the winter frosts, I took sulphuric acid, in the proportion of one gallon to twenty of water, and applied the mixture plentifully to the soil. In two days I again repeated the operation, having previously turned up the soil and seen that it had been well pulverized. After the lapse of ten or fourteen days I gave a plentiful appli- MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 215 cation of powdered lime, and shortly after turned the soil up in ridges as usual. The result has been, that it is now a rare thing to see a wireworm where pre- viously I had often killed a hundred in half an hour, and where my plants were eaten up in a wholesale manner. Let any one collect a number of these most destructive pests and put them among soil in a box, and then apply the above mixture. Let him look for them next morning and communicate the result; or, indeed, in half an hour after. This can be used on a large scale as well as on small flower-beds.— Gardeners’ Chronicle. : Ow some oF THE FINEST Hornovse Prints.—Most of the superb flowering hothouse kinds of Gardenias. Thunbergias, Gloxinias, Clerodendrons, Begonias, Russelias, Ruellias, Achimenes, &c., with many of the fine Orchideous plants, if grown in the usual higher temperature until the blossom buds are about half grown, may then be brought into the greenhouse, or conservatory in the summer months, where they will display their beauties to more than double the extent of time which they would do in the hothouse, and thus form a brilliant ornament to the greenhouse, &c. I have adopted the plan for the last two summers, and so far on the present, with perfect success. It is well worth the trial. Ciericus, On Hysrip Lites. —The* Dean of Manchester, in a recent visit to Ghent, states that he saw in the nursery of Mr. Van Houtte the finest Orange Lily that has been produced, and which had been raised from Lilium atropunctatum, fer- tilized by a strong orange lily called L. croceum. Tne new variety is of middle stature, iarge heads of flowers, and the blossoms very large and brilliant, and will prove to be a very valuable acquisition to the flower garden. We remarked in one of our previous volumes that Mr. Groom, florist, of Clapham, near London, had paid considerable attention to the impregnating lilies of the hardy kinds with the more delicate sorts, with a view to obtain the most brilliant and distinct varieties, and his success was highly encouraging. He had the most beautiful kinds we ever saw, deserving to be in every flower garden. We do hope further attention will be given to raising hybrids of this now so extensive and splendida family of flowers. The various forms, colours, habit, &c., give a very ample field for satisfactory attempts, in combining, too, the many sorts of Martagons, japan kinds, orange, white, Jacobew, Guernsey, &c. The most inferior variety that could be raised would be an ornament, and deserving a place in the flower border, whilst the probabilities would be great of producing superb novelties. Now that glass is so cheap, a bed might be covered to afford facilities for successfully impregnating an entire bed of mixtures, and obtain well-ripened seed. The result would amply repay.—Connucror. ON THE FINE BLUE Dwarr Genrian.—Noticing in the 11th volume of the Caxniner some suitable remarks on the culture of the above named lovely plant, I pursued the plan recommended with success. Last season, however, J divided my plants the first week in July, but not into very small patches, and replanted two beds into a rich sandy loamy soil. I shaded them for several days; they soon struck fresh roots, were finely established before winter, endured that without injzry,and bloomed vigorously and profusely this spring. To divide and replant at the season mentioned I am persuaded is the proper time, and not in autumn as is generally done, or in early spring as done by some. My double daisies 1 treated the same, and they succeeded admirably. CLERICcUS, On Canna tntpirrora.—This fine crimson-flowered species is generally own in the hot-house, and is seldom seen in vigour, the flowers being small. had several plants, and last year I grew two in a greenhouse, and they flowered freely and vigorously ; two others I planted out in the conservatory border, and they flourished amazingly, the flower stems rising four yards high. Its large 216 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. noble leaves and splendid flowers made it magnificent. I have had two plants grown in the greenhouse till the middle of June, and then turned them out into the open border of a south wall, near to the angle of a hot-house, and the plants are now seven feet high, showing admirably for bloom. In warm situations I am fully satisfied it will make one of the noblest out-door summer ornaments. A Flower GARDENER. FLORICULTURAL CALENDAR FOR AUGUST. GreEENnHOUSE PLANTs.—All exotic trees and shrubs belonging to this depart- ment, that are in want of larger pots, or refreshment of new soil, should (if not performed last mouth) immediately be done. Pelargoniums-—Piants done blooming should now be cut down; this will in- duce them to push fresh shoots; when they become two inches long, the plants should be repotted (not before), shaking off the old soil, and replacing it with fresh compost. The young shoots thus produced will require thinning, those cut away clean may be struck where required. Calceolarias should be increased. Verbenas should now be increased in order to get well established plants to endure winter. This is the proper time to propagate Aloes, Sedums, and all others of a succulent nature, by means of suckers or bottom offsets; when detached from the parent, they should be potted singly into small pots, using light dry compost, and watering sparingly till they have taken root. In the first or second week at furthest, inoculation may be performed on any kinds of the Citrus genus. Camellias, to bloom early, should be placed in the green- house. FLowEer Garpen.—Propagate by means of slips, and parting the roots of any double-flowered and other desirous fibrous-rooted perennial plants done flower- ing. Auriculas should be cleared of all dead leaves, and shifted into fresh pots ; prick out of the seed-bed, where it was omitted last month, Seedling Auriculas and Polyanthuses, and p'ace in a shady situation; seeds may also be sown of both kinds in boxes or pans. Carnations may still be layered; also double Sweet-Williams ; the earlier in the month the better. Those which were layered four or five weeks ago will now be sufficiently rooted to be taken away and planted in beds or pots. Also plant out Pink pipings, which were put in in June, or slips may be taken off and struck (see Vol. XII., article on doing it suc- cessfully). Sow seeds of all kinds of bulbous-rooted plants in pans or boxes, such as Spring Cyclamen, Anemones, Ranunculuses, &c. &c. Those kind of bulbs wanted to increase should be taken up if the leaves be decayed, and the offsets taken off. Transplant into nursery beds seedling, perennial, and biennial plants sown in spring. In dry weather gather those flower-seeds that are ripe of any desired kinds. Plant out such kinds of autumn flowering bulbs as yet remain unplanted. Heartsease, towards the end of the month, should be pro- pagated by slips, put into a shady border, and kept quite moist till they have taken root; these will form fine strong plants for blooming the spring following. Buds of Roses may still be put in; the earlier the better. Any budded early and looking fresh may have the bandage loosened to allow room for swelling. All shoots below the bud should be rubbed off. Chrysanthemums should be topped, if not done last month, in order to form compact heads of flowers. The tops put in make dwarf, late blooming plants. Mignonette to bloom during winter should mow be sown in pots. Ranunculuses, &c., roots of, should now be taken up, and gradually and well dried. Danti1as.—Thin out the shoots where large flowers are required. Water should be given copiously every evening during dry weather. A strata of manure should be laid over the roots, which tends to promote the vigour of the plants. PELARGONIUMS. 1. HEIDOS (HOYLE) 2. DESDEMONA (BECK) Floriculural Cabinet. Chabots Trucography, Skirner Strt THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, SEPTEMBER lst, 1845. PART I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. PELARGONIUMS—1. HEIDOS (Hoytz’s). 2. DESDEMONA (Becx’s). Tue original species of Pelargoniums were, with but a small number of exceptions, entirely introduced from the Cape of Good Hope— amounting to upwards of 200 species—and many of them are regarded with esteem, being adorned with gay-coloured flowers, and invariably having fragrant foliage. They, however, possessed none of the regularity, richness of colour, or delicate shades, which so greatly distinguish those varieties that are now, during a long season in the year, the most captivating ornaments the cultivator pos- sesses: thanks to the zeal of the skilful hybridizer, who has so transferred the loose and simple garb of this stranger from a foreign clime, to the uniform and beautiful dress of our present family ; whose colours are not only novel and of singular beauty, but of every gradation of tints and depth which one can well imagine. The two varieties represented in the accompanying embellishment we have not so distinguished, because they possess all the most desirable qualities of a first-rate flower, but on account of their com- bining with several good points in shape, a novelty and distinction of character which will render each an attractive object, either in col- lections at exhibitions or in the greenhouse. Both kinds will, we believe, be offered for sale in the ensuing season: Heidos is a seedling Vou. XIII. No. 151. 8 218 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS raised by Mr. Hoyle of Guernsey ; and Desdemona is one of the many beautiful seedlings raised by Mr. Beck of Isleworth. The cultivation of Pelargoniums has already been so fully treated on in our pages, that it is unecessary we should here add any obser- vations thereon. ARTICLE II. THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS OF THE METROPOLIS. Roya Boranic Society, Regent's Park. (Continued from p. 209.) CLASS III. Fronist’s FLowers, IN Ports. Tue most engaging plants in this class, and indeed we may say at the exhibition, was the Pelargoniums; by which almost an entire tent of 120 feet long was occupied ; presenting a very brilliant effect, and the superior condition in which nearly every plant was produced testified that their cultivation and management, has reached a high degree of perfection. The Fuchsia haying now become a very popular flower, and being too so exceedingly graceful and ornamental in appearance, we hope to see their exhibition better encouraged another season. In the present schedule of the Society is offered an award of 3/. for the best half dozen Calceolarias, whilst only 2/. is offered for twelve Fuchsias: Surely they are deserving of a better proportion than this. Four collections of them were shown, the plants in those which obtained the two highest prizes, presented the appearance of haying. been carefully and excellently treated, each being a compact bush of from two to three feet high, by nearly as much in diameter. PELARGONIUMS. In collections of 12 new and distinct varieties, grown in No. 24 pots. Private Growers. Ist Prize, 7/., Mr. E. Beck, Isleworth, for exceedingly well bloomed plants of the following: Conflagration, Zanzummin, Sir R. Peel, Pulchellum (Foster’s ). fine ; Sultana, Susannah, Leonora (Beck), good; Mark Anthony (Beck), fine ; Matilda (Foster), Lord Chancellor, Favourite (Beck), and Lurida (Beck). OF THE METROPOLIS. 219 2nd Prize, 4/., Mr. R. Staines, New Road, Paddington, for scarcely less de- serving plants of Alice Gray (Wilson’s), Adonis (Staines), Superba (Wilson’s), Sunrise, Hebe, Erectum, Duke of Cornwall, Enchantress (Wilson's), Lady Sale Seinen), Sunbeam (Staines), Madeline (Lumsden’s), and Roulette (Garth’s), he. 3rd Prize, 2/., Mr. Cock, Chiswick, for Cyrus, Duke of Cornwall, Erectum, Emma, Unit, Sir R. Peel, Hector (Cock’s), fine; Symmetry, Rosetta superb, Eliza Sauvage, good; Jupiter, and Angelica. Nurserymen. Ist Prize, 77. Mr. N. Gaines, Battersea, for Priory King, Excelsa, Pirate? Lady Mildmay, Cotherstone, Ackbar, fine ; Neptune, Lady Sale, Achilles, fine ; Madeline, King of Beauties, and Hermione. No other competitor. In collections of 12 distinct varieties grown in No. 12 pots. Private Growers. Ist Prize, 62, Mr. Parker, gardener to J. H. Oughton, Esq., Roehampton. The varieties were, Priory Queen, a fine specimen; Gipsy Queen, Erectum, Caroline, Bridesmaid, Master Humphrey, Emperor, Hebe, Mabel, fine, with large trusses; Virgo, Duke of Cornwall, and Superb. All very successfully cultivated. No other competitor. Nurserymen. Ist Prize, 6/., Mr. N. Gaines, Battersea, for Madeline, Coronation, Lady Sale, Lady Isabella Douglas, Albina, Erectum, Caroline, Nymph, Una, Comte de Paris, Juba, and Victory. All well grown. 2nd Prize, 3/.10s., Mr. Pamplin, Walthamstow, for tolerably grown plants, though not well in bloom, of the following kinds: Alice Grey, Sir Walter Scott, Ajax, Superba, Prince Ernest, Achilles, Anna, Enchantress, Countess of Wilton, Vesta, Hesperis, and Camilla. No other competitor. In collections of 8 varieties. Private Growers only who do not compete in the larger collections. Ist Prize, 3/.10s., Mr. Coysh, gardener to R. Hudson, Esq., Clapham, for Matilda, Phillis, Witch, Flash, Hebe, Madeline, Nymph, and Enchantress. 2nd Prize, 27., Mr. KE. Bell, Chelsea, for Luna, Paragon, Alice Grey, Nymph, Arabella, Superb, and Roulette. Roses. In collections of 20 distinct varieties grown in pots. Nurserymen and Private Growers. Ist Prize, 7/., Messrs. Paul and Son, Nurserymen, Cheshunt, for compact lants, profusely in bloom of the following: Aubernon, pale crimson; Great py bright red, crimson, large, globular, and good; Louis Buonaparte, bright rose; Edward Jessie, light purple crimson, good; Belle Marie, large, rose; Lord John Russell, La Victorieux, good; Madame Laffay, large, crimson ; General Allard, rose, good size and shape; Velours Episcopal, deep crimson purple; Taglioni, white, creamy centre, good; Coup ‘d'Hebe, flesh pink, globular, and beautiful; Duchess of Sutherland, blush; Madame Plantier, white; Rivers, rosy pink; De Neuilly, osy carmine, cupped and fine; Comte de Paris, lilac crimson, fine; Lane, shaded crimson; Comtesse de Latepede, and Isaune Labelle. 2nd Prize, 4/., Messrs. Lane and Son, Nurserymen, Berkhampstead, for Eliza Sauvage, large deep straw ; Emilie Courtier, bright crimson ; Caroline, delicate pink, deeper centre; Psyche, small crimson; Lane, Marjolin, good deep s2 220 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS crimson; Theresita, bright carmine ; Comte de Paris, Josephine Malton, straw. with buff centre; Phcenix, purplish red; Queen (Bourbon), small, delicate salmon; Armosa, rosy blush, fine: Proserpine, reddish crimson ; Acidalie, white, reular and very double; Henry V., bright red; Augustine Marget, light. rose ; William Jesse, lilac and crimson shaded, globular, large, and very good ; Therese Isabelle, white; Queen (perpetual), bright crimson; and Louis Buona- parte. ; 3rd_ Prize, 2/., Mr. Laing, Nurseryman, Twickenham, for Mima, cream, fine ; General Soyez, light crimson, fine; Lady Alice Peel, rosy crimson, fine ; Au- gustine Mouchelet, crimson, cupped and good; Bride of Abydos, blush-white, large; Clara Sylvain, white; Triomphant, rosy crimson: Triomph de Gand, Abbe Moiland, crimson red, very good; Mont St. Bernard, flush; Dr. Marx, rosy lilac; Duchesse de Montebello, pink; Belle Emilie, Mrs. Bosanquet, creamy white, large; Cramoisie superieuse, reddish crimson; La Renomme, Cels Multiflora, Armosa, and the common Provence. Extra Prize, Mr. Steadman, Isleworth, amongst which, we observed tolerable blooms of Devoniensis, Harrisonia, and Prince Albert. In collections of 10 distinct varieties grown in pots. Private Growers only, Ist. Prize, 47, Mr. E. Beck, Isleworth, for superior grown plants of the follow- ing: Caroline, Nouvelle Heloise, compact, shaded blush; Madame Joly, blush white; Queen (Bourbon),, Devoniensis, Armosa, Lyonnais, fine; Celimine, delicate pink, cupped; Pauline Plantier, and Augustine Marget. No 2nd or 3rd Prizes awarded. Extra Prize, A. Rowland, Esq., Lewisham, for moderately good specimens of Madame Laffay, Eugene Hardy, blush; Reine de Naples, Triomphe, Lane, Armosa, Reine de la Guillotiere, shaded-red crimson ; Mrs. Bosanquet, Marquise Boccella, pale pink; and Lavinia Duval. CaLCEOLaRIas. In collections of 6 distinct varieties, grown in No, 12 sized pots, Private Growers. Ist Prize, 3/., Mr. Garrod, gardener to R. B. Forman, Esq., Hampstead, for Magician, fine; Sir R. Sale, Queen Victoria, Corymbiflora, and Queen of Beauties. 2nd Prize, 2/., Mr. Wren, gardener to J. Huskisson, Esq., Holloway, fur Standishii, King, Lady Sale, Lady Constable, fine; Corymbiflora, and Artil- leryman. 3rd Prize, 1, Mr. Kinghorn, gardener to A. Murray, Esq., Twickenham, for the following superior kinds :—Grandis, Mary Queen of Scots, Marquis of Bute, General Robertson, extra; King of Saxony, beautiful; and Vesta. Nurserymen. lst Prize, 3/., Messrs. Hendersons, Edgeware-road, for well-managed plants, each about two feet high and as much in diameter, of Standishii, Lady Sale, Andromache, Lady Sale (Standish’s), Prince Albert (Green’s), and Rosea grandiflora, fine. 2nd Prize, 2/., Mr. N. Gaines, Battersea, for compact specimens of Standishii, Desirable, Sunbeam, Candidate, Jamie Forrest, fine ; and Conductor. No other competitor. Fucusias. In collections of 12 distinct varieties, grown in No. 12 sized pots. Nurserymen and Private Growers. Ist Prize, 2/7., Messrs. H. Laue and Son, nurserymen, Berkhampstead, for Paragon, Moneypenni, Venus Victrix, Gem, Beauty Supreme, Norfolk Hero, Achilles, Britannia, Rogersiana, Grovehillil, Mrs. Lane, fine; and Brockmanii. OF THE METROPOLIS. 221 2nd Prize, 1/., Mr. N. Gaines, nurseryman, Battersea, for fine bushy plants, 23 feet high by 2 feet across, of Favourite (Gaines), a rather pretty little flower, atter way of Venus Victrix; Duke of Wellington, Vesta, Coccinea Vera (Smith’s), Goldfinch (Harrison’s), Reflexa, Coronet, Madonna (Harrison’s), Cassandra, a good light flower; Priam, Britannia, and Monarch. Extra Prize, Mr. Kendal, nurseryman, Stoke Newington, for Goldfinch (Harrison’s), Stanwelliana, Coronet, Young May Morn, pretty ; Robusta, Vesta, Erecta elegans, Gigantea, with some immense blooms; Chandleri, Globosa grandiflora, Defiance, and Venus Victrix. Extra Prize, Mr. Robinson, yardener to J. Simpson, Esq., Pimlico, for Vesta (Smith’s), Goldfinch (Harrison’s), Iveryana, Queen (Pawley’s), pretty ; For- mosa elegans, Chandlerii, Hope (Barues’s), Exoniensis, Eppsii, Modesta, Venus Victrix, and Coronet. CINERARIAS. In collections of 4 distinct varieties, grown in No. 12 sized pots. Nurserymen and Private Growers. Ist Prize, 1/., Messrs. Lane and Son, Berkhampstead, for Laverstonia, fine ; Eclipse, Diana, and Splendens. 2nd Prize, 10s., Mr. Gaines, Battersea, for Matilda, General Tom Thumb, Britannia, and Compacta. Extra Prize, Messrs. Henderson, Edyeware-road, Paddington, for Fanny Elsler, Beauty of Wortham, white, with a slight pink tip, pretty; Washington, and Enchantress Superb. CLASS IV. Cut FLowers. In this class the competition was principally confined to the Pansies, the collections of which contained some fine blooms, espe- cially those of Messrs. Brown of Slough, and Turner of Chalvey ; to the,former of which the first prize was given, although there were no names of the varieties attached, and the 10th rule of the Society should, therefore, have excluded them. We hope the Society will in future direct the judges strictly to enforce this rule in all cases, however meritorious the productions may otherwise be, because the mere information of the name of a successful competitor is of no value whatever to that portion of the public who have not attended the show; and those persons who are present feel mortified instead of gratified in seeing the flower of a fine variety, which they would like to possess, without a chance of knowing its name. In results of this nature we may readily see the reason why the interest and use- fulness of some Floral Societies, who permitted such exhibitions, so soon ceased. Pansies. In stands of 36 varieties. Nurserymen and Private Growers. 2nd Prize, 10s., Mr. Turner, florist, Chalvey—We observed some excellent blooms of these fine varieties: Purple Perfection, Rubicon, Hannibal, Eclipse, Curion, extra; Malibran, Regulator, Triumph, and Pizarro, 222. THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS Extra Prize, Mr. Bragg, florist, Sloagh_—Amongst these were large blooms of Exquisite, Belaero, very fine ; Malibran, Cyclops superb, Jehu, Prince Albert, and Sulphurea elegans. Extra Prize, Mr. Parsons, gardeuer to A. George, Esq., Enfield.—These were good blooms; but we did not observe any particular variety. Besides the above, stands were exhibited from Messrs. Brown and Attwell, nurserymen, Uxbridge; Mr. Henbury, florist, Croydon; Mr. May, florist, Tot- tenham; Mr. Hall, Enfield; and Mr. Blake, Wadermill. VERBENAS. In stands of 24 varieties, each variety to be shown in a single truss. Nurserymen and Private Growers. Extra Prize, Mr. Turner, florist, Chalvey, for Fortune-teller, Excelsa, Giant, Jesse, Orange Perfection, Alba Superba, Longiflora, Boule de Feu, Princess Royal, Enchantress, Rose d'Amour, Atropurpurea, Charlwoodii, Amethyst, Princess Alice, Minstrel Boy, Atrosanguinea, Ignescens, Messenger, Elegans, Rosea multiflora, Splendens, Neillii, and Zeuxes. No competitors. Devices oF Cut FLOWERS. In length each device not to occupy more than 8 feet by 4 feet in width; and the flowers to be so placed as best to illustrate the principles of arrangement and combination of colours, as pub- lished by acknowledged authors. 1st Prize, 37. Mr. W. Burton, Fitzroy-place.—This design was tolerably well managed, and embraced, besides the flower-garden, some rockery and rustic work. No competitors. Britisu Puants. In collections of not less than 25 different fresh and wild specimens, illustrating the exogenous portion of the British Flora. Ist Prize, 3/., Mr. Smith, gardener to J. Anderson, Esq., Regent’s Park. 2nd Prize, 2/., Mr. D. Spriggins, Hertford. In addition to the above, seven other collections were exhibited, some of which were not properly classified. In collections of not less than 25 species, illustrating the endogenous portion of the British Flora. Ist Prize, 3/.. Mr. Smith, gardener to J. Anderson, Esq. 2nd Prize, 2/., Mr. A. Williamson, Kew Gardens. There were three other competitors. CLASS V. SEEDLINGS. These were somewhat numerous, especially Calceolarias, no less than forty-nine of them being shown: a slight improvement in some of the varieties was discernible, but their general character was too much in the old spotted style. Mr. Kinghorn’s flower, which re- OF THE METROPOLIS. 223 ceived the first prize, and which also had the first prize at the Horticultural Society’s show in May last, was the most distinct in character, and of very good shape. The Pelargonium prizes were all obtained by Mr. Beck, of Isleworth, who certainly has been very fortunate in raising so many really good varieties. Four prizes were awarded to seedlings of 1844, and we should have liked the judges to have been more liberal by adding two others, one to Othello and the other to Desdemona, because they not only possess an excellent shape, but are of colours much wanted. Othello is a distinct light purple, with very dark maroon upper petals, very smooth, too, and regular. Desdemona possesses very delicate blush-white lower petals, and upper ones of a deep rich velvetty crimson-red colour, surrounded with a white belt; it has a little too much unevenness about it, but the distinct and beautiful appearance of its character is sure to make it a favourite, both for show and greenhouse. None of the Cinerarias were considered by the judges as worthy of a prize; their prevailing fault was a looseness in shape, caused by the petals not growing close enough together, which is one of the most requisite qualifications to a good flower. Many of the Pansies had scarcely a redeeming quality in them. The production of a flower, however, allows the exhibitor free admission to the show; and we dare say this may occasionally explain the appearance of worthless varieties. PELARGONIUMS. Bloomed in 1844. Ist Prize, 1/., Mr. E. Beck, Isleworth.—With Aurora, a very smooth and even. flower, of a bright clear crimson-red colour, with a large dark spot in the upper’ petals; it is of good size, and will become an esteemed show flower. It was exhibited last year at the South London July Show. 2nd Prize, 15s., Mr. E. Beck, for Arabella, described in our last Number, p- 173, it having been awarded a prize at the Horticultural Society’s Show. Extra Prize, Mr. E. Beck, for Rosy Circle. This obtained the first prize at the Horticultural Society’s Show, and a description of it is also given in p. 173. Extra Prize, Mr. E. Beck, for Bellona, a good shaped flower, of a rosy-crimson colour, with dark clouded upper petals. The texture is smooth, and the form ap- peared to be well retained. In addition to the above, Mr. Beck showed Othello, Desdemona, and Sunset ;° the latter possesses light rosy-red lower petals, and deep red upper ones, with a ae spot. It is a well-shaped flower. Mr. Blake exhibited a rose-coloured ower, named Mrs, Hanbury. Bloomed in 1845. Ist Prize, 1/., Mr. E. Beck, for Competitor, a very smooth and even flower, and of superior shape; the petals appear, too, of good substance; very bright pink is the colour of the lower petals, and the upper ones are rich crimson maroon. -Extra Prize, Mr. E. Beck, for Caliph, bright purplish-rose lower petals, with. nearly black upper ones, a clear and fine-shaped flower. 224 THE GRAND FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. Besides the above, Mr. Golledge, of Stratford, exhibited Essex Pet; and Mr, Robinson, Kitty Fisher, Duchess de Nemours, and Refraction, CALCEOLARIAS. Ist Prize, 15s., Mr. Kinghorn, Twickenham, for Exemplar, described in p, 174 of our last Number. Extra Prize, Mr. Garrod, gardener to G. Forman, Esq., for Lacerata, a bright yellow, chequered with deep crimson, and well shaped. Extra Prize, Mr. N. Gaines, Battersea, for Climax, yellow, with crimson blotches and marblings. Extra Prize, Mr. N. Gaines, for Louis Philippe, bright yellow, with crimson markings and streaky spots. Besides the above, the following were shown:—By Mr. Kinghorn, Midas, Emily, Rosina, Symmetry, Miss Houston, yellow-crimson, chequered ; and Hope, tawny-ground colour, chequered. Mr. Widnall, of Cambridge, had Picta superb. Mr. Ansell, of Camden Town, had Idas, Daniel O’Connell, yellow, sparingly chequered ; Mrs. Ansell, Merry Monarch, Queen of Fairies, Fair Maid of Camden, cream colour, faintly chequered; Unique, Lady Platt, yellow, lightly chequered ; Letitia, and Queen of Gypsies. Mr. Gaines had Picta, ‘I'ricolor, Delicata, cream colour, lightly chequered ; Conspicua, Novelty, purplish rose, with dark-crimson chequered markings, novel; Brilliant, Perspicua, orange, with dark-crimson markings; Attraction, Flora, Florida, Vanguard, yellow, with streaky spots, and dotted margin; Isabella, and Elegans. Mr. Garrod had Garrodii, Orange Perfection, Leopold, and Claritos. Mr. Holder, of Eton Col- lege, had Beauty of Eton, rose colour, with dark-crimson blotch, novel. Mr. Harley had General Tom Thumb., Mr. Liddiard had Salthill Rival. Mr, Barnes had Constellation, Minerva, and Midas; and Mr. Henchman had Aurantia, Magdalena, Spotted Rival, and Annette. PANSIEs. No Prizes were awarded. Messrs. Brown and Attwell exhibited Desirable, Queen of Beauties, Hunts- man, Monarch, Tippo Saib, and Black Prince. Mr. Backhouse had a stand of a seedling, named Karl of Zetland. Mr. Turner had Dido. Mr. Burdett, of Hayes, had Magnet. Mr. Henbury, of Croydon, a dark flower, named Rajah. Mr. Bragg had Goliah. Mr. Collison, of Bath, had Mercury and Shiloh. CINERARIAS. Extra Prize, Mr. Pearson, of Hampstead, for a tolerable flower, named Paragon. > In addition, Mr. Pearson showed Magnet, Duke of Cornwall, Pomona, Lady Milo, and Bridesmaid. Mr. Smith, of Pimlico, had Royal Standard, Louis Philippe, Sultana, Queen Mab, Hormsby, and Paragon. Mr. Bunney, of Strat- ford, had Atrocerulea and Alba-cerulea. Mr, Pamplin, of Lea-bridge, had Rotundiflora, Purpurascens, and Elegantissima. VERBENAS. No Prizes given. ! Mr. Pearson, of Hampstead, showed two—Avalanche, a pure white, and De- fiance, rose crimson. AZALEAs. No Prizes awarded. Mr. Ivery, of Betchworth, produced Rosea elegans and Striata formosissima, the latter in the way of Gledstanesii, the former a good-formed pale rose variety. Mr. Gaines had Elegans nova, light rose colour, and Rosea superba. MISCELLANEOUS SEEDLINGS. Extra Prizes to Mr. Bunney, of Stratford, for two prettily spotted light Rhodo- dendrons, named Medora and Coronet. Mr. Bruce also showed a seedling, ON SOWING THE SEEDS OF EXOTIC PLANTS. 225 called Atropurpurea, with crimson purple flowers, having a blotch, distinct dark spots. A seedling Heath from Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., of Exeter, named Pinea major. Mr. Widnall showed a Cactus, called Magnifica ; but it is not sufficiently distinct. Mr. Steadman showed a Gesneria, which he named Maculata; in size and colour it is similar to Cooperi, but has several spots at the throat. In plants of a miscellaneous character we noticed, Three plants of Schizanthus Grahami, from Mr. Piper. Six small plants of Erica depressa multiflora, from Messrs. Veitch. Five Ericas, Pinifolia, Thun- bergia, Tortuliflora, Jasminiflora, and Florida compacta, from Messrs. Hender- son. A basket of British Orchidex, from Mr. Keiler, Eltham, Kent: this collection consisted of Orchis mascula, O. morio, O. fusca, and O. ustulata; Ophrys apifera and O. aranifera, Aceras anthropophora, Listera ovata, and Pla- tanthera bifolia; an extra prize was given them. A collection of ten small plants of Proteacea, from Mr. Henchman, obtained an extra prize; they con- sisted of Banksia sphzrocarpa, B. Brunonia, B. Hookerii, B. repens, B. prostrata, Diplophragma bipinnata, Dryandra Fraserii, D. tenuifolia, and two other species of Dryandra. J. Alluutt, Esq., sent Chorozema varium and C. Dickson, Erica yentricosa coccinea minor, and E, vent. carnea. From Mr. T. Moore was a pot of new and undescribed British grass, allied to Glyceria fluitans. From Mr. T. Banks, of New Kent road, was an extensive collection of dried Ferns and other Bpvish plants: extra prizes were awarded both to the Ferns and Phenogamous plants. ARTICLE III. ON SOWING THE SEEDS OF EXOTIC PLANTS, &c. BY THE FOREMAN OF A LONDON NURSERY. A corrEsPponvENT in the CasineT having recently asked for infor- mation on sowing exotic seeds, induces me to send the following particulars thereon. The method is the result of long and successful practice. I premise the article by saying that it is necessary to be provided with a stock of soil of different sorts. Whatever mould is wanted for this purpose should be moderately dry, and finely sifted before used. The sifting should be performed with two sieves, one of which must be particularly fine, to procure surfacing and covering mould for the finer seeds. The month of February is the most proper season for sowing these seeds, as they soon vegetate at this time, and make strong handsome plants by the latter end of the ensuing summer, which is an object of the first consideration in this business ; for when sowed later, the greater part, and more especially the tenderer species, will be too weak to part into separate pots, and therefore are liable to suffer by damps and rottenness, during the winter following, by being left in the seed pots; and should they be attempted to be removed at this - 226 ON SOWING THE SEEDS OF EXOTIC PLANTS. late season, which some will do sooner than‘suffer them to take their chance as they are, they seldom prove more fortunate. Whereas those sown about the latter end of January, or any time in the follow- ing month, will for the greater part be fit to pot separately in May or June, and therefore have the whole summer to establish them- selyes; and even such ‘of them as are more slow will haye at least sufficient strength and woodiness to withstand the casualties of winter, should they be left in the seed pots, much better than the soft herb- like produce of later sowings. As an exception to the above rule, may be mentioned Hriea, and such like seeds, which are at first slow of growth, and produce firm, woody, though perhaps small stems; these, from their nature, not being so liable to suffer from damp as gross, quick-growing articles, may be sown, with eyery prospect of success, in the autumn. Indeed, for heaths, I prefer a September sowing, towards the end of the month. If the seeds are good they soon vegetate, and will acquire sufficient strength to carry them through the winter; and being so small, they stand more detached; therefore they do not damp or rot each other: whereas, if they are sown in spring, they are not fit for potting off until it is too late im the autumn to attempt it, and con- sequently they are left for the winter in their seed pots, when, from their increased size, they will have become so close as to inevitably injure each other, perhaps even to the destruction of the whole crop. Those sown in the autumn are not of sufficient size to be potted off until July or August in the ensuing year. The day being resolved on, let a quantity of the different sized pots be filled with the mould best suited to the nature of the seed to be sown. As on other similar occasions, it must be pressed down pretty tight to about half an inch below the rim of the pot, adding more if requisite. On this may be sown any of the coarse large seeds, which should in general be covered one-fourth or half an inch, according to their size; but if the seeds are small and curious kinds, such as heath, &c., a little more nicety is required. For these the pots must be surfaced with some very fine mould, in depth about a quarter of an inch, which will raise it to the same distance below the rim; on this, it being perfectly level and firm, let the seeds be sown neatly and even; then, with the same fine machine, sift a very light covering over them, and press it gently down with the hand. If the ON SOWING THE SEEDS OF EXOTIC PLANTS. 227 parcels of seed are small, two, three, or more kinds may be sown distinctly in the same pot, distinguishing each by a small painted stick, to be set perpendicular in the centre of the pot, with the name or number inscribed thereon. The sowing being finished, give the pots a gentle watering with the rose of a water-pot, to be repeated three or four times, until the mould therein becomes sufficiently moist for vegetation ; let them be then set in the most convenient, dry, airy part of the greenhouse, where they can be regularly attended as to watering and weeding. Watering they will require at least once a day, in a greater or less degree; for if they are not kept properly moist, the seeds will not by any means yegetate freely, if at all; however, the other extreme is to be studiously avoided, The weeds should be regularly pulled out before they attain any size, else, besides the top smothering the young seedlings which may have started, the roots, in getting them out afterwards, not only disturb them, but also the remaining seeds that may be perhaps on the point of bursting their embryo; by which means it not unfrequently happens, in places where this strict at- tention is not paid, that the greater part of the crop is thereby destroyed. As the spring advances, it will be necessary to lay a few sheets of strong paper over the pots for two or three hours in the middle of the day, if the weather happens to be clear, and the sun acts forcibly on them, particularly those in which the finer seeds are sown, in order to prevent the surface getting over dry and powder-like; or, otherwise, if the mould happens to be pretty moist, it is liable to form a mossy crust, which might be particularly injurious, by pre- venting the young seedling ushering itself into the light, from pene- trating through it with that ease which is requisite. It is not advisable to keep these small kinds of seed too long un- sown, therefore foreign seed should for the most part be sown as soon as received, on account of the length of time they are in general on their passage home; yet there are some, such as heath, and other firm, hard seeds, which will keep very well for a year or two, a part of which may generally be reserved for future sowings. In this manner must they be managed until the beginning or middle of June, at which season the greenhouse will in general be found to be too drying a situation for them; they must therefore be 228 ON SOWING THE SEEDS OF EXOTIC PLANTS. removed, particularly the larger kinds of seed, to some shady border, where they can be plunged nearly up to the rim in coal ashes or sand, which will greatly assist to keep them in a proper moist state. Here all the care they will require is to be kept clear from weeds and regularly watered morning and evening, if requisite, but never when the sun shines strong upon them, lest the tender leaves of the young plants should get scorched; it will be also necessary to have a careful eye, daily, for slugs, worms, &c., otherwise they will be liable to suffer much from the depredations of these insects, particularly in the evenings. Should there be any fine light-covered seeds, such as heaths, &c., they must be set in such manner that they may be covered with a common hotbed frame, in a moderately exposed situation, so that, in case of sudden or heavy showers, which might otherwise wash the seeds out of the pots, they may be occasionally covered, to preserve them from such violence; yet they may be ex- posed to gentle rains at times, but never long together, lest they become over wet, which would soon perish them in this tender state. They will likewise require to be shaded with a mat in clear weather, or even a double mat in the very hottest season. Early in July, many of them will be growing pretty fast, and will require to be potted off into separate pots, as it is much preferable to do this while they are: young and small, before their roots become matted together, than it is afterwards ; besides that they have a con- siderable portion of the growing season before them to establish them- selves, before the winter stops their career. In performing this work care should be taken to match the pot to the size of the plants, and nature of the species to be potted, as over- potting these seedlings might be of the worst consequence. The largest sized pots I would recommend for this use (unless the plants be particularly strong) are what are called small sixties, or halfpenny pots; but for heaths, and such like very small articles, a still less size is to be provided; these are known by the very appropriate name of thimble pots, on account of their diminutive size. Being provided with a quantity of these, and the different sorts of mould properly prepared that may be requisite for the kinds to be done, proceed to part the plants, in doing which let the nicest care be taken to preserve as much roots and earth to each plant as can pos- sibly be done without injuring the others. Let them be neatly potted ON SOWING THE SEEDS OF EXOTIC PLANTS. 229 in the proper mould, which must be gently pressed to the roots, that they may the sooner incorporate themselves with it. In this manner pot as many as may be thought sufficient for the present purpose, at the same time allowing a few for mischances. ‘They must then be well watered, in the manner already directed for seedlings, and set in a cool frame, on coal ashes well rolled, or any other hard sub- stance that will prevent the worms getting so freely into them as they otherwise would. The lights must be kept constantly on, and close, for a few days, more or less, as circumstances may require ; and it will be also necessary to shade them very securely from the strong rays of the sun at first; however, in a little time, the lights may be taken off at night, if fine, having them on, and shading in the day, until by degrees the plants are so hardened as to be able to’ withstand the full power of the sun; thus, in the space of a fortnight or so, they will be fit to be set in the clumps along with the other plants. This business should not be undertaken later than the middle of August, for if executed at a more advanced season the plants will not have time to establish themselves, and consequently will not succeed to the wishes of the proprietor; therefore, any that may remain in the pots, not strong enough to be parted by that period, should be removed into the greenhouse early in September, and there placed in their proper situation in that department until the spring following. Indeed, there are some seeds which absolutely require to be kept for that term before they will vegetate, whereby it becomes necessary to examine with care, when removing them to the green- house, whatever pots have not by that time shown any signs of vege- tation, and those which are found alive must be saved, and treated in the same manner as fresh-sown seeds; those which have failed should be emptied, and taken to their place at once. The pots set in the house will require nearly the same treatment as usual, viz., to be kept perfectly clear from weeds, and regularly watered. Water should now be given in the morning only, as any damps it may occasion will have time sufficient to evaporate in course of the ensuing day; whereas, if given in the evening, it causes a chillness about their tender leaves, and from the necessary closeness of the house at night, not having free exhalation, it may do a material injury, not only to the seedlings themselves, but likewise to - s~ = 1 230 ON SOWING THE SEEDS OF EXOTIC PLANTS. the adjacent plants, by tending to increase the general damp of the house. When first housed, if the weather prove clear, they must be shaded for two or three hours at mid-day ; but this practice must not be fol- lowed too closely, as the influence of the sun is but seldom too power- ful for them at this season, and during the winter months the more sun they receive the better: it is also necessary to be particular in observing that no slugs, snails, or any other insect, harbour about them, as before mentioned ; otherwise, they may perhaps destroy all the hopes of the season in one night; which is to them, as well as to most other insects and animals of prey, a convenient time for their depredations. By a careful attention to the above rules, adapting them as place, time, or circumstance will permit, one may expect in the ensuing spring to see their remaining seeds of last season’s sowing begin to vegetate very fast; that is, such of them as still have the germ of life sound, which can at any time be easily ascertained. They will, when grown to a proper size, require to be parted, and potted separately, in the manner I haye before directed; but, as it is there noticed, they must not be permitted to grow too large before this operation is per< formed, on account of the roots being liable to interweave with each other, and by that means render it more difficult to be well executed ; besides, it may be injurious in another manner, by occasioning the plants unavoidably to harbour damps, slugs, &c., the evil tendency of which has been already, I presume, sufficiently explained. There is one thing necessary to be remarked before I have done with this article, which is, that those seeds received from New South Wales, in general, as well as many others of the South Sea Islands, and also several, particularly of the larger sorts, from the interior parts of the Cape of Good Hope, from the warmer countries of America, and, in short, any of the climes in, or approaching the same latitudes, although the plants when grown will flourish and come to perfection in the greenhouse, yet the seeds will require the aid of a hotbed when first sown to set them in vegetation, and until they are parted and established in their separate pots, then to be hardened by degrees to the open air; from which time they may be treated as directed for the more hardy and common sorts of seedlings. ——". ON BUDDING THE ROSE. 931 ARTICLE IV. ON BUDDING THE ROSE. BY W. W. Tue most certain time to bud the rose is from the beginning to the end of August, the sap then being in full force, more especially so if the weather be moist after a droughty season ; whether early or laté in the month will be pointed out by the season being an early or late one. The desideratum in the plant is, that the bark will most easily separate from the wood, exhibiting at the inside a free supply of sap. _ If the season be droughty the sap will not flow so freely, unless @ good soaking of rain falls, or the stocks have a free watering a week previously to budding, and if this be repeated it will be an additional stimulus. If it happens that there is a cloudy day to perform the operation of budding in, take advantage of it ; if not, to bud towards the close of the afternoon will be the best part of a sunny day. I have budded ten kinds of roses upon one stock, all of which succeeded, and have bloomed most singularly beautiful. Care was taken to have those kinds which were of a similar habit in growth, for a vigorous growing kind and a weakly one are unsuited together ; the former would by its luxuriant growth prevent the other from having due support, and eventually would, m a few years, perish. _ In selecting a bud for insertion, choose a strong and healthy shoot ; cut away that part which has pushed since June, and from it select a bud for the desired purpose. A plump one should be taken; that is, it should be full, round, quite closed (i. e. not pushed). Such a bud may generally be had about midway up the shoot, the lower ones being more dormant, and the upper ones scarcely perfected enough. The bud is situated in the axille of the leaf. The shoot having been cut from the plant, take it in the left hand, holding the thickest part inwards ; then with a very sharp knife, begin to enter the shoot about three quarters of an inch above the bud, cut- ting downwards about half way through the shoot, and bring out the knife about the same distance below the bud, in which case the bud is contained in the portion cut off, “‘ which is termed a shield,” and is formed as a segment of a circle. Then take the shield betwixt the finger and thumb, holding the bud downwards; that is, in a different 232 ON BUDDING THE ROSE. form to that it had grown in; press the shield so as to be held firmly, then gently twist the upper end of the shield, “‘ which is nearest you,” and this will loosen the wood from the shield. The wood must be taken out with the right hand, whilst the shield is held by the left. The separation of the wood from the shield must always begin at the upper end as it had grown. It will then be necessary to see that no vacuum be in the inside of the bud; if there be, the root of it is gone, and it will not grow ; though the bark might unite, no shoot could be produced. If there be no hollow inside the bud it is fit for use. If the shield does not separate freely from the wood the shoot might be soaked for an hour, and it would assist the shield and wood to separate more readily. The edges of the bark of the shield must be quite smooth and clean, on no account to be left jagged. The leaf, in the axilla of which is the bud, must have one half of it cut away, for the evaporation of the whole would much weaken the bud, and rather prevent its growth. The shield haying been thus prepared, lay it in water till the incision is ready for its reception. The side shoots must be left to bud upon ; on the upper side of a shoot of the present year an incision must be made through the bark an inch and a half long ; the lowest point of the incision to be about a quarter of an inch from the trunk of the stock; that is, from the origin of the shoot. At the upper point of the incision already made a cross cut must be made through the bark, as long as it will admit the shield readily under it. With the ivory end of the budding knife proceed to open the edges of the bark at the upper part of the inci- sion, and very carefully proceed downwards; which, if the tree be in a proper state, will separate readily. This being done, slip in the shield, and carefully force it down, so that all the shield may be inclosed under the bark, excepting about the eighth of an inch of the upper part of it, which must be left outside, and that portion must be cut across, so as to make it fit to the inside of the cross cut in the incision, so that the bark of the shoot above the incision, and the bark of the upper part of the shield, may come in even and close contact; this is very necessary, because the first union takes place there, by the descending of the sap coming in contact with the top of the shield. The bud being thus carefully inserted must not be removed from ON BUDDING THE ROSE. 233 its position ; immediately some wet bass matting must be bound tight round the stem, beginning at the bottom part of the incision, crossing the ligature front and back, and terminating above the cross cut. The bud and leaf must be left clear, but only just to peep out. Let the bass be secured at the top in a knot, and that to be at the opposite side of the shoot to the bud; in other words behindit. If the knot were made at the same side as the bud, it would hold wet, and be liable to damp off the bud in a rainy season. It is of advantage to shade the bud, which is easily done by taking a laurel leaf and forming it so, that by tying the ends together and cutting out a por- tion to fit it to the stock, it will form an arch over, and thus protect it from the injurious effects of wind, sun, or wet; all of which should be particularly guarded against for a time, in order to secure certain success. If it be desirous to have the name retained of each kind of rose inserted, this must now be attended to by affixing a sheet lead, or other label thereto, by means of copper wire, with the name or num- ber to signify it. Persons who have not been accustomed to budding should pre- viously experiment a little upon willow shoots, the bark of which easily moves, and affords facilities for such attempts. . If, after budding, the weather should be droughty, the stocks should have an occasional watering at the roots, which will greatly contribute towards success. ‘Ifa bud should fail, and it be discovered in time, such a shoot may be supplied by inserting another bud. Buds may be very successfully inserted into the main trunk of a stock; one or more buds may be put into it; the bud is found to succeed best about half way up the stock ; the younger the stock the better it will succeed. If the operation of budding has been properly performed, and the stocks suitably supplied with wet, from rain or otherwise, in about a month from the time of budding, the bass ligature may be taken away, and one tied round in a looseish manner. This admits the bark to swell, whilst it prevents the edges from being drawn open. If the weather should be droughty, the first placed ligatures must be kept too for six weeks, and, in case of continued drought, even till spring. Vor. XIII. No. 151. r 234 A FEW WORDS ON THE WEATHER. When the stocks have ceased growing, which will generally be the ease by the end of October, the branches of the stock must be cut, in order to strengthen them, and make them neat. In shortening them, leave about six inches of each above the bud which has been inserted. If the ground round the roots be covered a few inches deep with some strawy manure, during winter, it will be of some service to do it. No other attention is required till spring, excepting to have the stocks properly secured against winds. I shall, therefore, have an article drawn up in time for the second season’s management. Note.—In preparing the bud it is unnecessary to remove the bit of wood attached to the bark. Omitting to do so saves trouble, pre- vents the bud from being damaged, and more than equally insures success. ARTICLE V. A FEW WORDS ON THE WEATHER. BY ANAEL. Tue science of meteorology is to no one of greater importance than to the gardener ; I hope, therefore, a few words on the subject may not be deemed inapplicable to your pages ; and as at the present day the attention of many able scientific men is attracted to its considera- tion, I hope the period is not far distant when they will be enabled to give us some rules, whereby we may discern forthcoming ches ; this would indeed be a boon of no ordinary character. The sources from whence indications of meteorological phenomena are derivable are various ; even in the vegetable and animal creation many sensitive indications are afforded, which, doubtless, numerous of your readers have with myself observed. Philosophical instru- ments too have been invented and contrived purposely to foretel approaching variations in the atmosphere. The source, however, capable of producing those changes ought first to have our especial attention, and seeing then that the whole universe is but one con- nected series of bodies, all obeying the same laws, and each acting in concert with the rest, may we not believe that the laws of climate are as fixed and certain as are those of physical astronomy, and con- NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 235 sequently that every change in the weather is the effect of some deter- minate cause? That this cause proceeds more or less from the influence of the heavenly bodies, by the rapidity of their motions, or by their essential and physical characters, is now acknowledged by many observers. I was first induced to take cognizance of this effect, of the sun and planets over our atmosphere a-year or two ago, and I haye repeatedly observed very decided changes take place near the ‘time when these bodies arrived at such positions or angles capable of reflecting their rays to the greatest advantage ; some observations upon which shall be the subject of another paper, for insertion in the CAnrnet, and as the consideration involves a subject of so much interest to us all, I hope they may merit your approbation. The sole purport of my addressing you on this ocasion is to admonish my gardening friends to adopt such precautionary measures as are requi- site to the protection of their tender plants from destruction, by a great increase of cold and sharp frost, which I venture to predict we shall have about the First of October next; and I invite particular attention to my prediction, as upon its verification I shall claim the indulgence of being allowed one of your pages in a future number for some further observations. ‘ PART ILI. “LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. AcuimeneEs arcyrostiema. Silvery-spotted. (Bot. Mag. 4175.) Gesneracez, Didynamia Angiospermia.—The collector sent out from the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, discovered this new species in New Grenada. The leaves are peculiarly beautiful, of a rich velvetty dark green, with a tinge of purple, spotted with white, very similar as in the silver-spotted Begonia. The flower-stems rise to about a foot high, having a spike of flowers about half the length. Each flower is about a quarter of an inch across, of a white-cream colour. The plant blooms during the whole of summer. It flourishes best by rearing it in a moist and hot stove, and when arrived at some vigour to remove it to a cooler place; thus treated, it continues in beauty a much longer period. It requires a general treatment similar to the other species previously in our collection. Beconta Marriana. Von Marrin’s Evepnant’s Ear. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Begoniacez, Monecia Polyandria.—It is a perennial plant, having tuberous roots; the stems are beautifully striated and transparent, like the clearest bal- m. The flowers are large, produced in racemous heads. ach flower is about two inches across, of a pretty rosy-crimson colour. It is in the collection of Plants in the garden of R.G. Loraine, Esq., of Wallington Lodge. It is a stove plant, and well deserves a place in every one. Bousorwytium UmBEeLLaruM. Umset-rLowerep. (Bot. Reg. 44.) Orchi- dacew. Gynaudria Monandria. It is a native of Nepal, and is in the collection at Chatsworth. The flowers are straw-coloured, spotted with purple. Each flower is about half an inch across. ; 236 NEW AND RARE PLANTS, Canuipsycue EucRosioipEs. Two-coLourer Fairy Broom. (Bot. Reg, 45,) Amaryilidacew, Hexandria Monogynia. A native of the West Coast of Mex- ico. ‘he flower-stem rises to about two and a-half feet high, terminating with a scape of ten flowers, of a scarlet red colour, about an inch long. It is in the collection at Spofforth. ; Ecuinocactus MykiosticmMa. Many-sporrep. (Bot. Mag. 4177.) Cactacez. Icosaudria Monogynia, A native of Mexico. One of the large-angled kinds, eforming five or six deep furrows, and as many broad projecting angles; the whole surface covered with white scale-like dots. The flowers are produced at the top of the plant, each about an inch across, of a delicate straw colour, EpIpENDRUM RADICANS. THE RooTING. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Orchidacex. Gynandria Monandria. Received into this country from Guatemala, and bloomed for the first time in the superb collection of Mrs. Lawrence, at Ealing Park, and, subsequently, in the collection of Mrs. Wray, at Oakfield, near Chel- tenham ; the plant growing in a wire basket, and completely covering it with its long stems, each crowned with a head of numerous flowers. It blooms from _ September to February. In its native situation it grows among long grass and dried leaves. Each flower is about an inch and a-half across, of a bright orange- scarlet. Itis a very neat and beautiful species. : Seraco pistans. Loose-FLOwERED. (Bot. Reg. 46.) Selaginacee. Didy- namia Angiospermia. It is a very neat and pretty greenhouse plant, which, begins to bloom early in the season, and continues long. The foliage is heath- like. The flowers are small white, and produced in loose spikes. TAasMANNIA ARoMATICA. THe Aromatic.” Magnoliacee. Polygamia Mone- cia. (Bot. Reg. 43.) Collected on the mountains of Yan Diemen’s Land by Brown. It is a handsome, hardy, evergreen, greenhouse bush, with purple branches. It blooms freely in April; each blossom is about half an inch across, white; produced in a corymbous head, at the termination of the shoots. The entire plant is very aromatic. WHITFIELDIA LATERITIA. Brick-corourep.. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Acan- thacee. Didynamia Angiospermia. It was sent from Sierra Leone to the gardens at the Earl of Derby’s, Knowsley Park, near Prescot. It has also bloomed in the Kew Collection. It is a low evergreen shrub, much branched. The flowers are produced in terminal racemes. Each flower is between cam- panulate and funnel-shape, about an inch and a-half long, and half as much across the mouth. The calyx is brick-red, and the corolla of an orange-red. It is a very interesting plant, and will be a valuable ornament to a stove col- lection. PorpuHyrocoma LANCEoLaTA. Lance-Leavep. (Bot. Mag. 4176.) Acan- thacee. Didynamia Angiospermia. It is a hothouse plant of the sub-tribe Justicier. The Jeaves are five inches long, lance-shaped, drooping. The flowers are produced in very richly-coloured spikes, of a deep purple, violet, and red, It is a very fine showy hothouse plant, which blooms during the spring and summer months, It deserves a place in every one. It has bloomed in the. gardens of the London Horticultural Society. ty ’ New Puiants SEEN 1n Nurseries. Frpri GRAULIFLoRA. A new and handsome annual received from Algiers. It has Jarge heads of pink flowers, and blooms most of the summer. It is a very suitable plant for a bed, or for creeping over rock-work. CaLanDRiniA UMBELLATA. Messrs. Veitch’s, of Exeter Nursery, introduced this from Chili, The flowers are of a rich purple colour, and, being a profuse bloomer, renders it very showy. . Putomis Casumeriana. A very fine herbaceous species; the flowers are large, and of a pretty flesh colour. It has bloomed beautifully in the Chiswick Gardens. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 237 Sraricz (Nov= Spxrcres). A new species, sent to this country by the col- lector of the London Horticultural Society ; has bloomed in Mr. Glendinning’s nursery at Chiswick. The flowers are white and yellow. Sarricnrod GranpDutosa. Messrs. Veitch’s obtained it from Chili. Itisa greenhouse shrub. The flowers are bell-shaped, large, of a greenish-yellow colour; very pretty. PuysiantTuus avricomus. A hothouse, twining, shrubby, plant; blooming very similar to the Stephanotus floribundus, but of a pretty cream colour. It is in bloom ip the nursery of Mr. Knight, King’s Road, Chelsea, PART III. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. QUERIES. On Guyctne Harrisonia, &c.—An old Subscriber would be much obliged for some information on the culture of the Glycine Harrisonii (or Harrisoniana), which he has had in a border of his greenhouse for a year, without the plant making the smallest progress in growth, much less in coming to a flowering state. Is it usual for the Erica mirabilis to push its young shoots through the faded flower ? {If the plant has not yet pushed, it would be best to withhold water from it ; so that the soil is but barely kept moist. In this condition it must remain till the end of February ; then take it up, plant it in a pot, and place it in a hot-bed frame, or plant-stove, which, most likely, will induce it to push. When the plant has commenced growing, then it may be planted out entire into the border. It flourishes best when there is a little bottom heat; in such a situation we have seen it grow twenty feet in one year, and bloom profusely. We never saw the Erica bloom in the manner described —Connucror. | = On Destens vor Fiowrr Sranps In Rooms.—As a reader of your Fioricut- vurat Canryet, I shall feel obliged by your mentioning, in your next Number, where designs for flower-stands for rooms can be procured. A.B. Barnstaple, near Devon. [1f informed where to send some plans, we will do so by post.—Connucror. | Ow Hoveas.—I have four kinds of greenhouse Hoveas, and I cannot grow or bloom them to satisfaction. How am I to proceed to be successful ? [Have a liberal drainage cf broken pots, upon which some rough turfy peat, and plant in sandy heath mould, having some bits of pot or stone scat- tered indiscriminately among it. Keep the plants in a dry airy part of the rreenhouse. In damp weather use but little water, but, in dry, water freely. hey ovly require to be just kept from frost. TTo have the plants bushy, pinch off the Jeads to induce lateral shoots —Conpucror. | REMARKS. BrvemansiA PArviFiorA (or B. rLorBuNDA oF somE).—Dr. Hooker informs us that this plant is the Juanulloa parasitica mentioned in Ruiz and Povon’s Flora Peruviana, vol. ii. p. 47, fig. 185, which is a very different genus from the Brugmausia. It is a parasitical plant, or, more properly, an epiphyte, and grows on the branches of trees in Pern. ON CUTTING DOWN TOO LONG oR sTRAGGLING PELaRGoniums.—When these ate headed down late in the season there is much danger of the plants dying ; but if cut down not later than the second week in September, but the earlier the 233 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. better, they push new lateral shoots, which become tolerably firm before winter, and thus form bushy plants for next year’s blooming. The cuttings, too, now taken off can be struck before winter sets in. This early heading back-window plants is indispensable to having nice dushy plants for the next year ; and where there are more than one of a kind, they can be generally spared. . Cericus. On an Insecr Inrestinc Frame Piants.—In your June Cabinet, page 140, 1841, I promised to send you the result of my experiments respecting an insect. In reverting to that subject, I amsorry to inform you, that all my trouble has been of little avail, I have still the mortification of finding the insignificant looking, but destructive, insect, baffle every expedient that I could devise for its extermination ; for the last two months I have been as much troubled with it as ever. With respect to the introduction, my opinion since I last wrote to you is altered, I am led to believe that this insect is indigenous to the common fern, (pleris aquilina,) which article we use bountifully for litter, and which no doubt is the cause of the annual visits of that minute tormentor. Perhaps some of your numerous readers that have suffered with the spot on balsams, cucumbers, and other frame-plants similar to myself, will be kind enough to examine the underside of the foliage with a microscope, and send you word whether they find any insects resembling those I] mentioned, and whether they are any fern or not. The insect is not so readily found at this season of the year, as it is the early part of the summer, I sent some of the insects to a gen- tleman in London to beg the favour of the name, the following is the reply.— Mr: Thomas Webster’s minute insects, which have infested his cucumbers and other frame-plants for three years, are some species of Ixodes, supposed to have been introduced with the fern which is used for litter, It might easily be mistaken for the red spider, but evidently does not belong to the same genus. As Ixodes ricinus attacks dogs, and yet is abundant amongst fern, it would be rather singular to find an animal so nearly allied, if not the same, abstracting its nourishment from plants. To promMoTE THE VEGETATION OF SeEps.—If seeds be steeped in a solution of Sulphate of Ammonia, they not only come up more quickly but much more certainly. This I have tried im several instances, and it is valuable to persons obtaining seeds from distant countries. Lucy. To prestroy THE Turip.—Take a peck and a half of soot and put it into a hogshead of soft water, stirring it well with an old broom or batten every day, for ten days or a fortnight. Then strain off the water through a fine sieve or piece of canvas into another tub, on a peck of charcoal, and drop into it afterwards one or two lumps, or about three pounds of fresh lime ; in about two days after strain it again, and it is then clear enough to syringe any plant or plants with it. It will not only extirpate the thrip, but also many other troublesome insects ; it also induces the more vigorous growth and healthiness of the plants. Where it is practicable to dip the plant overhead in the liquid, it is best; and one or two such applications will prove an effectual remedy. When plants are in pots and too large to dip, lay them in a slanting direction for effectual syringing. This has been tried by several extensively practical men and fully realized ex- pectations.— Gardener's Journal. ; On erowine Micnonerre 1n Pors.—In reply to the wishes of a correspondent in a recent number of the Caniner, on the London florists’ mode of growing Mignonette in pots, I beg to state that for first-blooming pots of it the seed is sown the last week in September; these bloom from March following; the lst of February for plants to bloom from the middle of April; and at this latter period for plants to bloom from the-beginning of July; in August, for plants to bloom from October through the winter. About twenty plants is enough to come up. The pots are well drained with crocks and rough soil, and then filled with good rich loam and leaf mould, on which the seed is sown. At an early MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 239 stage the plants are thinned to one-half. and in a fortnight after to half again. The seed being sown, the pots are placed in a gentle hot-bed frame, kept close shaded, till the plants are up; then a proportionate increase of air is admitted, avoiding, at the season, cold wind. When hot sun occurs, a little shading is adopted. A lighter soil is used for the plants to grow in for winter blooming; the water more readily passes through, and the plants are not so liable to rot at that dull period. Water, too, is not applied over-head, but the foliage is kept as dry as possible. The pots are plunged to the rim in cold frames during the warmer period of the year, and in winter where a very slight warmth is afforded. Thick reeded coyers are used to protect in winter, and in severe weather a foot thick of dry straw under the reed covers. When the plants are about three inches high, a few slender twigs, or strips of wood, are fixed round the pot, and in the interior ; a piece of matting is then secured round, and this repeated afterwards as required, so as to prevent the plants bowing down. It is by this attention the fine vigorous pots of the London growers are pro« duced, and at all periods of the year. AN EXTENSIVE Micnonerre GRowER. On an INSECT, OR WHATEVER IT 1S, THAT DESTROYS THE INSIDE OF THE BUD or THE CinERARIA.—I should feel much obliged to the Conductor to inform me, in the FLoricu.rurat Casinet, whether he has ever observed the destruction of the bud of the Cinerarias. The whole of the inside of the bud is destroyed just before the flowering, leaving the green cup perfect. All my plants have been attacked this winter, and they now begin to look sickly all over. I have placed them in three different places, namely, my greenhouse, with temperature about 40, in forcing pits, and in a room, but they are all affected alike, and I cannot find any insect, although I have searched well with a magnifying glass. I should be glad to be informed how to prevent it, for my disappointment has been, very great this winter, as I had many healthy plants all ready for blooming early in January, and they have all gone off as I have described. A VERY GREAT ADMIRER OF THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET. [Our own Cinerarias have never so suffered, nor have we seen any elsewhere. Where ants infest plant-houses, we have observed them eat out the embryo blooms at a very early stage, especially those of the Fuchsia. If the plants of our Correspondent were placed during the earlier part of winter where they would be liable to be injured by ants, or other similar enemy, in the embryo stage, the flower buds might be destroyed; and on the removal of the plants as mentioned, and arriving at the more matured state, they would alike develope the injury when the calyx began to expand, whether placed in greenhouse, pit, or room,—ConpucTor. | FLORICULTURAL CALENDAR FOR SEPTEMBER. Annual Flower Seeds, as Clarkia, Collinsia, Schizanthuses, Ten Week Stocks, &e., now sown in pots, and kept in a cool frame or greenhouse during winter, will be suitable for planting out in open borders next April. Such plants bloom early and fine, and their flowering season is generally closing when spring-sown plants are coming into bloom. Seeds of many kinds now sown in the open borders endure winter and bloom vigorously early next season. Cameilias.—Thin the flower buds, which will tend to preserve more certainly those for blooming, and cause them to be vigorous. Place some in the green- house early, that are desired to bloom in December, or before, in some cases. _ Carnation Layers should immediately be potted off. shen Rose Cuttings now strike very freely; buds may still be putin suc- cessfully. _ Dahlias.—W here the laterals are very numerous, they should be thinned out 80 as to have vigorous blooms. Towards the end of the month collect seeds of the early-blown flowers. Greenhouse plants will generally require to be taken in by the end of the 240 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. month. If allowed to remain out much longer, the foliage will often turn brown from the effect of cold air. The earlier succulents are the better. Lobelias.—Ofisets should be potted off, so as to have them well rooted . before winter. AMignonette may now be sown in pots, to bloom in winter. baht ea weig cuttings of, may now be put off; plants of which will bloom in ay. If Pelargoniums have not been headed down, they should now be done, the shoots may push a little before repotting fur winter. Plants which have been headed down, and have pushed shoots two inches long should be repotted. Pinks, pipings of, if struck, may be taken off and planted in the situations intended for blooming in next season. : Plants of Herbaceous Caiceolarias should now be divided, taking off offsets and planting them in small pots. Cut off the flower stems of such as have done blooming, to induce shoots to be vigorous. Plants of Chinese Chrysanthemums should be repotted if necessary; for if done later, the blossom will be small. Use the richest soil. Pinch off the heads to cause the production of laterals, so as to have a head of flowers. Plants of Pentstemons should be divided by taking off offsets, or increased by striking slips. They should be struck in heat. Pansies.—The tops and slips of Pansies should now be cut off, and be inserted under a hand-glass, or where they can be shaded a little. They will root freely, and be good plants for next season. Polyanthus and Auricula seed should be sown immediately, or otherwise be. kept till spring. ; Ranunculus beds should now be prepared as follows :—The depth of soil to be two feet and a half, of a rich clayey, friable loam, retentive of moisture ; about six or eight inches from the surface to be a rich light loam, of a sandy nature. Remove the whole of the soil with the remains of the dung given last year, and turn up the subsoil a whole spade in depth, breaking it well. If the beds are allowed to remain in this state for a day or two to sweeten the subsoil, it will be an advantage. Then place upon the subsoil a layer of cow-dung, at least one year old, four inches thick; then scatter over it the fine powder of new-slaked lime, to correct any acidity and destroy the worms. Then fill up with new light soil, taken from the surface of the old tulip-bed or potato-ground, which has heen frequently turned to sweeten it. " Sweet William seed now sown will soon strike and the plants bloom Nex season, Seeds of many kinds of flowers will be ripe for gathering this month. Tigridia, Commellina, and similar roots, may be taken up about the end of the month. : FVerbenas.x—Runners of this plant should now be taken off, planting them in small pots, half filled with potsherds, and the rest with good loamy soil, then placing them in a shady situation. It should be attended to as early in the month as convenient. When taken into a cold frame or greenhouse for winter protection, much of the success depends on being kept near the glass; or sink a box or two, half filled with potsherds, and the other good loamy soil, round the plant, so that the runners, being pegged down to the soil, will soon take root at the joints. When a sufficient number are rooted, separate the stems from the parent plant, and those in the boxes will be well established, and, being removed before frost, are easily preserved in winter, as done with those in pots. When Lilies, Crown Imperials, Narcissuses, &c., require dividing, take them up now, and replant immediately; also plant Hyacinths and Crocuses, &c., either in beds or in pots for forcing. When Petunias, Heliotropium, Salvias, Pelargoniums, (Geraniums), &c., that have been grown in open borders, and it is desirable to have bushy plants for the same purpose the next year, it is now the proper time to take off slips (select the short and well-ripened ones), and insert anumber in a pot; afterwards place them in a hot-bed frame, or other situation having the command of heat. When struck root, they may be placed in a greenhouse or cool frame to preserve them from frost during winter. When divided and planted out the ensuing May in open borders of rich soil, the plants will be stocky, and bloom profusely. ROP Cie. BOP A eee a uPA Gta il amon ona : : ? pial ier 8S te, Punt? pea, et oh ae hs bei ‘a Bs Sains eee ed "a aah Sik wha’ ‘at ie GR ee uae ed ark verse arte GOI: I Ae wnat ih Wises debs ie sees WhQwor ais yew Ae 2) SENS RUE ind Ge wl i PS ey Re oe rR! RE SNe 1 Ay, yd Lane baba ad Roe eae BRR ME Po h-denie ry * MGRISIW AGk Subs, Ling Fs oyu Atti che fay Rai 9! , joured boda OU aiload cw! mond? Nssten ; dy eat burs poh: ae. de tah pai a rn wih to pa i ae cs std lve busy | WY Glop..'s“0dh MT vali ey Fike i valde ia SNE Perm 3 pwley, ot G68 idiot my Ser ke sia NX Kool wT a) a rot RE Nadi es oh ~ as é PH ahaa gi. bea ogi eee an eee esd GAT | PeelDp AC? ; Pics Pe tarts lf We fue Aut Us eta 5 ies ee che Baa twee yg ts th Abid! ative pray in yesh Cees Baw ath var" pees oe piney mck : Sug ceniid vel ¥! ral _ LEY He af ant i coher, f 3 ew Rel bala tye nl, eige nee ce es he J “ 4 " q ‘4inin mi int hide o2 J. TURNER'S MASTERPIECE, PINK. 2. CHAENOSTOMA POLYANTHA. 3. TREMANDRIA HOUGELLIL FPloriadtural Cabinet. Ounbors Zncography, Skanner Sree, THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, OCTOBER lst, 1845. PART I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. TURNER’S MASTERPIECE, PINK. Tuts variety was raised by Mr. Turner, Florist, Chalvey, and was exhibited by him on the 2nd of July last at the Royal Botanic So- ciety’s exhibition, Regent’s Park, and received a prize. It is a very good flower, the white being pure, the lacing regular, and the petals, as will be seen by our figure, are not much serrated on the margin, and are well rounded, which latter are two of the most necessary qualities, and of which the generality of pinks are much defective in. We believe it will shortly be offered for sale, and the cultivator will find it well worth adding to his collection. ARTICLE II. ON THE CULTURE OF THE CYCLAMEN PERSICUM. BY FLORA. I vo not remember ever to have met with (but perhaps you may attribute this to a very limited research) any specific directions for the treatment of that beautiful plant, the Cyclamen Persicum. Being myself an admirer of this plant, not only on account of its general elegance of growth, but from its producing its flowers at a Vou. XIII. No, 152, u 242 ON THE CULTURE OF THE CYCLAMEN PERSICUM- very early season, which thrive and retain their luxuriance even in the atmosphere of a room, I have turned my attention to its general culture. The plan of treatment pursued by me, I have much pleasure in communicating. The Cyclamen Persicum begins to show its flower early in the year, and may be said to be in beauty throughout the months of March and April. As soon as the flowers fade and droop, the pots containing the plants are placed on their sides, (as a precaution against their being watered,) in a corner of the greenhouse. In August, the roots are taken out of the pots, and the earth adhering to them being first carefully shaken off, they are planted in an open, but sheltered border of the garden, where they are allowed to remain until the cold forebodes frost; they are then taken up, the fibres being carefully preserved, and are put into pots proportioned to the size of each root; the crown of the plant is well covered with earth, and the compost used consists of two parts leaf-mould, one ditto sandy-peat, one ditto ashes of burnt vegetables, and a small portion of thoroughly rotted dung. The plants thus potted are then ar- ranged in a cold frame, and plunged to the rim in coal ashes. In mild weather, the glass is taken off; but by night, protection from frost, and by day from cold and rough winds, is indispensable. On the flowers appearing, the plants are removed to the greenhouse, and are placed as near the windows as possible, to have the advantage both of sun and air; they are abundantly watered with soft water, of the same temperature as the atmosphere they are growing in, the leaves also are occasionally well sprinkled ; but this operation is gone through in the morning, and the windows of the house are immedi- ately opened, otherwise the leaves would damp off, and the root decay. The pots are well drained with pieces of brick. In recommending this treatment in the culture of the Persian Cyclamen, I can speak with confidence, having, among other good specimens, one plant on which, a few days since, I numbered eighty- seven flowers. The dividing the roots to increase the stock of plants is bad; the roots are a long time recovering the wound then given, and do not afterwards flower so strong. Young plants are obtained very easily from seed. se, THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. 243 ARTICLE III. THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. Soutu Lonpon FLoricuLTuRAL SOCIETY, SEPTEMBER 17. Tuts was the last show of this society for the season, and was held in the Surrey Zoological Gardens. Unfortunately the weather was very unpropitious, the showers descending frequent atid most copi- ously ; and the intervals of their cessation presented such a threaten- ing appearance that only from amongst the more ardent devotees to Flora was the number of visitors comprised. The collections of plants, too, were not numerous, arising, doubtless, from the same cause; in those which were produced, however, some very good and well-blown specimens appeared, but as there was nothing very new amongst them, and it being our intention to be very brief in these remarks this month, we need not particularize the kinds. Amongst specimen plants one or two were very fine; we will mention Hrica Irbyana, three feet and a half high, by as much in diameter at the base, form- ing a cone, and® abundantly in bloom. Wistenia corymbosa was shown by Mr. J. Bruce, of Merton, bearing a multitude of its lovely azure-coloured blossoms, and was three feet high by three feet across. A number of fine plants of Lisianthus Russellianus was exhibited by Mr. James Cuthill, of Camberwell, each-growing to the height of near four feet, and freely adorned with their superb purple blossoms. The branches of the plants, to the number of eight or ten, were spread out tothe sides of the pots, and trained to sticks placed around its margin; and the luxuriant appearance of all the plants testified to their judicious treatment, for which Mr. Cuthill has be- come so renowned. Collections of Fuchsias were shown in well-made selections, and jn 004 condition; one of the best and newest was a seedling named British Queen, having a deep salmon-coloured tube and sepals, with a bright dark crimson corolla. Two large stands of cut roses was displayed, which were very good, especially at so late a period of the season, and merited the general admiration they elicited. Messrs. Lane and Son, of Birkhampstead, obtained the first prize; in whose collection we observed fine blooms of La Biche, Infidelite de Lisette, Malibran, Augustine Marget, Hon. u2 * 244 THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. Levison Gower, Strombio, Souvenir de Malmaison, William ‘Jesse, Robin Hood, Devoniensis, Moire, and the beautibul yellow Chroma- tella. The second prize was awarded to Messrs. Paul and Son, of Cheshunt. Dahlias were of course the chief feature of the exhibition, and their display was very good. The first prize, a gold medal, for twenty-four blooms open to amateur competitors only, was obtained by Mr. J. S. Proctor, sen., for the following kinds, viz. :—Antagonist (Bragg), Perpetual Grand (Brown), Queen of Roses (Widnall), Pickwick (Cormack), Nonpariel (Proctor), Consolation (Widnall), Beauty of Sussex (Mitchell), Indispensable (Girling), Favourite (Dod), Vivid (Thompson), Mrs. Shelley (Mitchell), Standard of Perfection (Keynes), Beeswing (Drummond), Essex Triumph (Tur- ville), Raphael (Brown), Lady St. Maur (Brown), Unique (Ansell), Lord Howden (Harrison), Victory of Sussex (Stanford), Competitor (Hodge), Admiral Stopford (Trentfield), Eclipse (Catleugh), Sir R. Sale (Smith), and Blue Bonnet (Brown). The second prize was given to Mr. Cook; the third to Mr. Trentfield; the fourth to Mr. Legg; and the fifth to J. Edwards, Esq. Besides these were four other competitors. In the amateurs collection of twelye blooms, the first prize, of a silver medal, was awarded to H. W. Collison, esq., of Bath, for some superb blooms of the following, viz.:—Lady St. Maur (Brown), Aurantia (Sparry), Nonpariel (Proctor), Blue Bonnet (Brown), Princess Royal (Hudson), Victory of Sussex (Stanford), Essex Cham- pion (Turville), Eximia (Girling), Beeswing (Drummond), Cleopatra (Attwell), Gloria Mundi (Headley), and an excellently grown bloom of Northern Beauty (Robinson). Mr. Cousins received the second prize, Mr. Wick third, Mr. Hatchman fourth, and Mr. Wildman fifth ; in addition to these there were sixteen other competitors. In the nurserymen’s class of twenty-four blooms, Mr. Turner, of Chalvey, was deservedly awarded the gold medal for the best col- lection, comprising superb blooms of the following kinds, viz. :— Perpetual Grand (Brown); Princess Royal (Hudson), a fine spe- cimen, and got well up in the centre; Victory of Sussex (Stanford), large ; La Grand Bauduin (Low) ; Alice Hawthorn (Drummond) ; Beeswing (Drummond); Competitor (Hodge); Acmiral Stopford (Trentfield) ; Indispensable (Girling), fine; Beauty of the Plain THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. 245 (Sporry), a magnificent bloom; Springfield Rival (Inwood); Au- rantia (Sporry) ; Gloria Mundi (Headley); President of the West (Whale) ; Cleopatra (Attwell) ; Raphael (Brown) ; Ophir (Edward) ; Standard of Perfection (Keynes); Essex Triumph (Turville), a beautifully shaded bloom; Mrs. Shelley (Mitchell) ; Bermondsey Bee (Proctor); Mrs. James Richardson (Edward); Pickwick, (Cormack); and Nonpareil (Proctor). Mr. Widnall, of Gran- chester, obtained the second prize; Mr. Brown, of Slough, third ; and Mr. Girling, of Stowmarket, fourth: there were also five other exhibitors. A prominent fault with many of the stands was, that they contained such a number of low and imperfect centered flowers. We regret the prevailing appearance of this imperfection because it is a great one, and exhibitors, in selecting the blooms for their stands, ought always to give especial consideration to the importance of a good centre, as from it, all the arrangements of the flower proceeds, and unless it is sufficiently elevated above all other parts, such flower is bad in the first point, and however regular its disposition may otherwise be, it is not fit for show. In the seedling class a number of candidates were presented for approbation, Of those raised in 1844, which are to be offered for sale in the ensuing season, the following were selected for first-class prizes by the judges, viz. :— Sir Edmund Antrobus.—Mr. Keynes, Salisbury: a flower of medium size and of a deep rich red colour; the flower is full, the petals being rather small, but very symmetrically arranged ; outline, perfect ; centre, somewhat too flat. Not named—Mr. Gaines, Battersea: white laced with deep purple, but fading to the outside; a good shaped flower, with the centre tolerably high. Queen of Perpetuals—Mr. Girling, Stowmarket: deep pencilled silvery lilac; and, although in one or two of the flowers there was a thinness around the eye, we have no doubt it is a very desirable flower. Lady Stopford.—Mr. Trentfield: crimson-red colour; not above medium size; well and regularly cupped ; outline perfect; centre not well up. Newington Rival.—Mr. Smith: deep crimson; the arrange- ment pretty good, but the flower appears to want depth. 246 THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. Prometheus.—My. Smith; crimson; rather thin of petals, and no improvement upon similar flowers already out. In addition to the above, there were shown, not for prizes,— ‘ Marchioness of Cornwallis —Mr. Whale, Elcot: white, tolerably — pure, but from the appearance we apprehend it inclines to blush unless bloomed in shade; the flower is full and the petals very regularly disposed; the centre rather flat. A good and true white flower is greatly wanted, and this we think is the best yet produced, though one or two of the blooms presented an uncertain appearance in the eye, after the way of Antagonist. Marquis of Aylesbury.—Mr. Sparry, Denford: distinct lively purple ; well cupped, fine smooth petals and regularly arranged ; the outline complete, and in size rather above the medium; centre, tolerably good. ‘This flower is also a seedling raised by Mr. Whale, and purchased of him by Mr. Sparry. Miss Prettyman.—Mr. Turner, of Chalyey: blush, tinged white, the underside of the petals tipped with light purple,; which gives a darker appearance around the centre as the petals are unfolding ; only one bloom was shown, which was well up in the centre and of a good size; the details too were well disposed, and the circle good. Mrs. Caudle.—Mr. Turner: novel nankeen-orange colour; the petals are very regularly arranged and well rounded, though by being rather over much folded around the centre, they there present too angular an appearance ; the centre is well up and the flower will be generally liked; we do not expect, however, that Turner’s Mrs. Caudle will become so celebrated as Mr. Jerrold’s lady of the same name. Vanguard.—Mr. Turner: light crimson, shaded down the centre of each petal with a darker colour; the shape is after Pickwick, but it has a broader and better petal. Magician.—Mr. Turner: light salmon-red colour; good petal, and well arranged, but is deficient in depth. In the seedlings of this year we saw nothing particularly good; the judges however awarded a first-class prize to H. W. Collison, Esq., for Andromeda, a pale ochre-coloured flower haying a purple tinge at the margin of the petals; around the eye the petals appear too much quilled, and on that account we do not like it. A certificate of merit was awarded to Mr. Brown for a bright rosy coloured ON THE PROPAGATION OF PELARGONIUMS. 247 flower; very full, but the petals are too small and not around enough. Another certificate of merit was given to Mr. Bushell for a rosy lilac- coloured flower, deeper on the under side ; and which in shape ap- peared much better and more promising than the other two. Seyeral stands of Heartsease and Verbenas were shown, and other miscellaneous plants which our space forbids us to enumerate, ARTICLE IV. ON THE PROPAGATION OF PELARGONIUMS. BY A LONDON GROWER, AND A SUCCESSFUL EXHIBITOR. OxzsErvinG a Subscriber requests information on the best method of increasing what is usually called Geraniums, I forward the following particulars of the method I pursue in raising at least ten thousand each season :— Early in June I take a sufficient quantity of cuttings of the dif- fereut varieties, and after carefully preparing them, by taking off the lower Jeaf, and cutting horizontally through the stem just below a joint, I insert each sort separate, in pots previously filled with a mix- ture of three parts sharp sand, and one part sandy loam, using plenty of drainage at the bottom. After the cuttings are all put in, I give a good watering, and then remove them to a moderate hot-bed, and plunge the pots to the rim; I keep the lights shut close, except in the morning, when I admit a little air, and with due attention to shading and watering, I find them to be well rocted in about a month. Those kinds in which we abound I prepare cuttings as above de- scribed, and prick them out in a bed of finely sifted svil, in a warm situation in the open air. By shading them for a short time they soon strike root. When this is perceived to be the case, I pot them singly into small 60’s, shifting at the same time those that were in- serted in the small pots. In potting I use a compost of equal parts of sandy loam, peat, and well decomposed manure, adding about one eighth part of sand; when potted I place them in a frame, where the lights are put on in the day time, in order to throw a mat over them to shade the young plants from the sun; the lights are taken off in the evening, and the plants supplied with water, until they have struck fresh root, when this is found to be the case, the lights are removed altogether, and the plants duly supplied with water. 248 ON THE PROPAGATION OF PELARGONIUMS. they remain in this state till the middle of August, when T carefully examine them, and shift those which have made sufficient roots into one size larger pots, being careful in this, as in all other shiftings, to use a sufficient quantity of drainage to carry off the superfluous mois- ture. Those plants not sufficiently rooted by that period, I defer shifting till the spring, as they succeed better when shifted at that time. After thus looking over all the plants, they are replaced in the frame, and treated the same as before, with this exception, that the lights are put on at night, and during heavy showers. About the first week in October they are rémoved to the greenhouse, where they receive all the air that can be admitted with a regular, but moderate supply of water. Fire heat is not used except to repel frost, or the dry damps arising from watering or other causes; to avoid damps in a measure I find it best to water in the morning, so that the air admitted during the day assists to carry off the superabundant mois- ure. The surface soil in the pot is frequently stirred, and occa- sionally some of the old remoyed and renewed ; all decayed leaves are removed, both on account of the well-being of the plants, and to preserve neatness and order. Poitting.—The time of performing this operation is partly regu- lated by the state of the plants; those that were shifted in August, do not require shifting again till the middle of February, and again early in April, whilst those that were not shifted in the autumn re- quire their first shift in February. In each successive shift I use one size larger, taking care to put plenty of drainage into the bottom, and to press the soil firm in the pots. I find the following compost to answer well :—two barrowsfull of light hazel loam, (from the surface of a rich pasture, which should be collected at least a twelvemonth before it is used,) one and a half barrowful of well rotted hot-bed manure, one barrowful of turfy peat, half a barrowful of pigeon’s dung, two or three years old, and a quarter barrowful of sand, the whole being mixed in the autumn, and put under an open shed. In using it I do not sift it, but it is chopped fine with a spade. As the spring advances I allow a more copious supply of water, and I find that by using liquid manure once a week after they begin to grow, the plants are greatly strengthened, and the size of the flowers increased. When the flowers begin to expand, I shade them from the sun, by rolling a canyas over the roof of the house, which contributes to OBSERVATIONS ON THE PLEASURE GARDEN. 249 heighten the colours, and they remain much longer in bloom. The plants are placed on stages, which are constructed so that the surface of the plants are not more than five feet from the glass, and a free admission of air being admitted at the sides of the double-roofed houses, as well as at the roof, the plants are stiffand robust. Atten- tion is paid to placing the plants at a greater distance from each other, as they advance in growth, and thinning away the shoots so as to leave them regularly placed and properly tied to sticks so as to splay around and form compact heads. In June the plants are removed from the greenhouses to an appro- priate situation in the open air, where they receive the full influence of the sun till eleven o’clock, and by attention to watering, many of them continue to bloom through the summer. Early in September, the plants are cut down to within a few inches of the pots; and they flower well the second year. ARTICLE V. OBSERVATIONS ON THE PLEASURE GARDEN. BY A COUNTRY CURATE, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE. I wave read with much interest several communications which have been inserted in recent numbers of the CasineT, on forming the out- lines of plantations, clumps, walks, &c., in the pleasure garden, and having lately met with the following remarks on a similar subject, I was so pleased with them that I transcribed the entire, in order to have them recorded in your magazine :— “The pleasure garden seems to own its creation to the idea that our sublime poet formed of Eden. It originated in England, and is as peculiar to the British nation as landscape planting. Whilst other arts have been derived from ancient, or borrowed from modern inyen- tions, this has indisputably sprung from the genius of our soil, and is perhaps one of the most delightful as well as most beneficial of all that claim the name of elegant. “Ornamental plantations are now so universally spread over the face of this country, that our island may be compared to a vase emerging from the ocean, into which the Sylvans of every region have set their favourite plants, and the Flora of every climate poured her choicest gifts, for the embellishment of the spot round which Neptune 250 OBSERVATIONS ON THE PLEASURE GARDEN, throws his fostering arms. Our ambition leads us to hope that we may add pleasure to the pleasure-ground, by pointing out the beauties of the shrubbery, which must render vegetation an object of admira- tion and veneration to all classes. I wish to attract attention to the peculiar pleasing properties of each plant, by the remarks of the ingenious, the anecdotes of the ancients, the harmony of the poets, the observations of the physicians, and the reflection of the moralists of all ages. Morality, however, of a gloomy cast, will be avoided; for my wish is to give the work, like the subject, a smiling aspect. ** Though flowering shrubs seem to contribute nothing to pottage, and little to medicine iu its present refined state, yet they add greatly to our pleasure, and considerably to our health. ‘They win us to good humour by their fragrance and cheerful appearance, and produce a serenity of mind by the calm reflections they present to it; thus relieving some of the maladies of the soul, as drugs mitigate the grosser and more perceptible sufferings of the body. “¢ « The spleen is seldom felt where Flora reigns ; The low’ring eye, the petulance, the frown, And sullen sadness, that o’ershade, distort, And mar the face of beauty, when no cause For such immeasurable woe appears; These Flora banishes, and gives the fair Sweet smiles and bloom, less transient than her own.2—Cowrerr. *€T shall notice the allegorical allusions which the eastern nations are accustomed to make by means of flowers, and the fables of the ancient poets and mythologists respecting plants. Thus pleasing ideas may be connected with pleasing objects, and agreeable images convey lively but moral sentiments to the mind, adding to the charms of the country without recourse to romance or useless fiction. These accustom the mind to such violent sensations, that at last it is obliged to resort to an excess of feeling, either of mirth or grief, to prevent that dreaded fashionable lethargy of spirit—ennewz. Such a habit in the end injures health, and consequently shortens life; but a calm and cheerful mind assists in the prolongation and enjoyment of both. ‘* ¢ Come, then, ye blissful scenes, ye soft retreats ! Where life flows pure, the heart more calmly beats.’—DE.iLux, “Tt would seem that the more terrible a sight, and the more violent an impression, the more agreeable to the great portion of mankind, OBSERVATIONS ON THE PLEASURE GARDEN: 251 who run with avidity after objects of horror, whilst they pass unnoticed those which produce gentle and agreeable sensations; and would, to all appearance, rather tremble at the awful thunderbolt of Jupiter than calmly admire the beauteous horn of plenty. It has been observed that the volcano near Naples attracts more travellers to the city than the delicious gardens which adorn the shores of that region. The plains of Greece, overspreai with ruins, would entice many to undertake a yoyage to a distant country who would feel but little inclined to trayel over their native soil to view its richly-cultivated lawns; and there is no doubt but that, formerly, where one person went to Egypt, to be a witness of Nature’s bounty to that nation, five hundred became travellers to behold pyramids. A temple, after its fall, excites more eager curiosity than it did during its construction; and many, who will not cross their thresholds to look at a beautiful calm in nature, will rush to get a sight of a storm and shipwreck in a playhouse. This loye of the terrific is not, as has been asserted by foreigners, peculiar to the English nation; it is prevalent everywhere. The author observed an instance of it when in Paris, in the summer of 1822. Wishing to visit the celebrated garden of M, Bourseau, unequalled for the beauty of its plants by any city garden in Europe, he received, in answer to all inquiries for direction to the spot, the usual careless, but short and decisive, Je ne le connois pas, monsieur ; but, on asking the way to La Mort, every turn and alley were readily pointed out with all the bustle and officiousness of French politeness, “Tn this history of flowering trees and shrubs there is nothing terrible to present to the reader; but every endeayour has been used to ‘<¢ Show nature’s form in smiling beauty drest, And call mankind to view her, and be blest..— Dexintx. “It seems hardly possible for any mind to be so debased as to be insensible to the effects of nature, whose vegetable charms become more endeared to us as our age and reflection increase. A more delightful cabinet of natural history can scarcely be formed than the shrubbery affords, even when unadomed with exotic beauties. It offers matter for contemplation of the most agreeable kind, which vari¢s still as seasons revolye; and, as every tree and shrub has its peculiar inhabitants, we have at the same time a collection of animal and vegetable wonders that are sufficient to occupy all the leisure 252 OBSERVATIONS ON THE PLEASURE GARDEN. which our economical duties allow us. As years increase, a taste for most pleasures in general diminishes; those of the court become fatiguing ; the charms of the table appear to lessen; and, as passion subsides and love languishes, the gay ball and splendid opera lose their delights; but the fondness for a garden increases, and is almost the only earthly pleasure that does increase. Let us not, then, neglect to cultivate a taste for what will form the delight and amusement of the latter period of life. Every tree we plant adds to the entertain- ment we prepare for future years, for ourselves, our friends, and successors. * Should particular times and circumstances require a retrench- ment to be made in domestic expenses, it should not begin with the garden. This, once neglected or laid aside, cannot soon or with small cost be re-established. There are other more expensive and less pro- fitable indulgences which may be lessened without imjury, nay, perhaps with benefit to an establishment. By giving one entertain- ment less each season in London, more might be saved than by ruining a whole pleasure ground, the only means of subsistence to a few labourers, whose consequent discharge exposes them to want and all the evils that accompany it. “The introduction of a useful or an ornamental plant into our island is justly considered as one of the most important services that a person can render his country; for it is impossible to calculate on the benefits that may be derived through this means, when the quali- ties of the vegetable are ascertained and its virtues known. Even what is introduced and planted merely from curiosity or ornament seems to unite us to the nations from whence it comes. It bestows on us a share of the blessings of other climates, and affords us a portion of the smiles of a more genial sun. When, therefore, we dwell on the beauty of exotic trees and shrubs, we wish to be under- stood as expressing our gratitude to those who have enriched our land with additional charms, and more fully displayed nature to our eyes, and not as disregarding the plants that are indigenous to our soil. I am aware that many an Englishman has sighed under the shade of the banana for a sight of his native banks, where the primrose sparkles through the hazel hedge, and the violet peeps so modestly. The plants of our country recall the idea of it in the most forcible manner, wherever we meet them. They are often the first object that OBSERVATIONS ON THE PLEASURE GARDEN. 253 attract the attention of those who have been long absent from their native fields, and who, on their return, pour out the genuine effusions of joy on beholding the village elm, the well-known oak, or the unchanged yew, whose antiquity is equal to the church it shades. We are told of a young Indian Pontayeri (from Otaheite), who, in the midst of the splendour of Paris, regretting the simple beauty of his native island, sprang forward at the unexpected sight of a banana tree in the Jardin des Plantes, embraced it, while his eyes were bathed in tears, and exclaiming with a voice of joy, ‘Ah! tree of my country!’ seemed, by a delightful illusion of sensibility, to imagine himself for a moment transported to the land which gave him birth. “ We seem, as it were, for an instant to go back to the delights of infancy, when, on each succeeding spring, we visit the meadows covered with cowslips, which afforded us so many happy hours in childhood, as we formed balls of their blossoms. Then the playful girl, bedecked with wreaths and necklaces of daisies, led her little swain in chains formed of the milky flower stalks of the dandelion ; but who at the sight of a butterfly burst the brittle bonds and scam- pered away, to return, perhaps, a few years after sighing, in fetters not so visible, but more binding. There is no part of nature’s works more interesting than flowers. They seem intended for the embellishment of the fair, and for the ornament of the spot where they tread. Their sweet perfumes have such influence over al] our sensations, that in the midst of flowering shrubs the most acute grief generally gives way to sweetest melan~ choly. When our home and domestic companions are encompassed by the shrubbery, our situation approaches nearest to a terrestrial paradise. Is it not, then, “¢ Strange, there should be found, Who, self-imprisoned in their proud saloons, Renounce the odours of the open field, For the unscented fictions of the loom ; Who, satisfied only with pencilled scenes, Prefer, to the performance of a God, Th’ inferior wonders of an artist’s hand ? Lovely, indeed, the mimic works of art, But Nature’s works far lovelier.,—Cowrer. “The shrubbery is to a rational mind a source of inexhaustible delight aud instruction, where each season brings new joy, and every morning ‘a fresh harvest of delightful sweets. Subjects for new 254 OBSERVATIONS ON THE PLEASURE GARDEN. thoughts and coutemplations present themselves to our view, and even the most dreary months still supply cause of admiration, and discover a world full of wonders ; for, “© ¥en Winter oft has seen it gay, With fretted frost-work spangled o’er, While pendants drooped from every spray, And crimson bodlets told, once more That spring would all its charms restore.’ “It is not to old age alone that the garden offers its placid delights. Every stage of life, from the cradle to the grave, is attracted by its charms. The infant is ready to spring from its nurse’s arms, allured by the gay colours which flowers exhibit. * They form the most innocent toy of childhood, and the cultiva- tion of them is generally its first labour, whilst their presentation often explains the passion of youth. The happy belle loves to entwine them in her locks, and the fond parents delight to see their child mimic their beauties with the pencil ; “ «The flowers that grace their native beds, Awhile put forth their blushing heads ; But ere the close of parting day, They wither, shrink, and die away ; But these, which mimic skill hath made, Nor scorched by suns, nor killed by shade, Shall blush with less unconstant hue, Which art at pleasure can renew,’ * The representation of flowers is the proper style of drawing for the softer sex. In this attempt they will succeed, and by this study will afford us delight, which they cannot do ‘when o’erstepping the modesty of nature,” and the limits of their proper employment, they present us with specimens of their proficiency in the science of anatomy. A pursuit like this is often too bold, and the subjects sometimes too masculine to suit the feelings of the other sex. But flowers are the peculiar province of the fair, and the nearer their imitation approaches to nature, the more it delights us; which paint-- ings of murders, massacres, deaths, and agony, certainly cannot.. The beauty and grace that may be displayed in grouping flowers,. united with the gaiety of their colours and the harmony of their tints,. are well worthy the attention of those who were born to render life delightful. ‘The neatness, nicety, and patience required in finishing: flower-pieces, seem to demand the delicate hand of a female artist. . ze EE OBSERVATIONS ON THE PLEASURE GARDEN. 255 “ The description, by Moses, of the garden of Eden, the first abode of first created man, formed the outlines which Milton has so splendidly enriched with all the imagery of poetry. From this have been copied the plantation, the park, and shrubbery, so justly the pride of the nation, and so properly the abode of its beauty. The Greeks devoted their terrestrial groyes, as well as their celestial gardens, to the gods; but the Mahometans reserved their flowery lawns and umbrageous bowers for scenes of future bliss to mortal believers. We, however, more prudent, should wish to collect all such blessings, which bounteous nature has scattered over the globe, and in this present life form a modern garden worthy of the Hes- perides, and deserving of, though not requiring, a dragon to guard it. “ Some of the pleasure gardens of antiquity were created for and devoted to the pleasure of the softer sex. Solomon has celebrated those of Jerusalem in song, and the extraordinary gardens of Babylon appear to have been formed by Nebuchadnezzar for his Median queen, who, we are told, could not become reconciled to the flat and naked appearauce of the provinces of Babylon; but frequently regretted each rising hill and scattered forest which she had formerly delighted in, with all the charms they had presented to her youthful imagination. The king to gratify his consort, within the precincts of the city raised terraces and planted woods, in imitation of those that diversified the face of his queen’s native country. Thus we are told originated those gardens, which, for their singularity and com- parative extent, were considered one of the wonders of the world. Their base covered four acres of land, and the height of them was so considerable that they resembled a pyramidal mountain covered by a forest. The upper area, which was about thirty feet square, was about 300 feet distant from the river Euphrates, that washed the base of that stupendous superstructure. _ This towering pleasure ground overlooked the whole city and surrounding country as far as the eye could reach. Each terrace was covered with earth and planted with trees, so as to form a series of ascending groves; and every platform supported rural seats, foun- tains, and sumptuous banqueting rooms, on which all the splendour and luxury of eastern magnificence were lavished.” 256 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. REVIEW. Donn’s Hortus Cantabrigensis ; or, an Accented Catalogue of In- digenous and Exotic Plants, cultivated in the Cambridge Botanic Garden, by the late James Donn, Curator, Fellow of the Linnean and Horticultural Societies. With the additions and improvements of the successive editors: F. Pursh, J. Lindley, Ph. D., and the late G. Sinclair, F.LS., FAS. The Thirteenth Edition, further enlarged, improved, and brought down to the present time, by P. N. Donn, London; Longman and Co., 1845. We hail with pleasure the appearance of an extended and much improved edition of this very useful book. As a general plant catalogue it is the easiest of reference of any other we have seen. It contains the description of nearly every essential on each plant: as natural order, Linnean class and order, generic, specific, and English name; native country, time of introduction, period of flowering, colour of flowers, whether stove, greenhouse, or hardy plant; pe- rennial, biennial, or annual; tree, shrub, or herbaceous ; evergreen or deciduous; height of growth; reference to figures in maga- zines, &c., &c. In one or two plant catalogues by other authors, the derivation of the generic name, soil most suitable, and in what situation in its native habitat it was discovered, are given. The first and second is worth adding to another edition of Donn’s, the latter is not worthy of being recorded. There are a few imaccu- racies in spelling the names, &c. We cordially recommend the work, assured it will be found a very satisfactory one. PASE LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. ANIGOZANTHUS PULCHERRIMUS. BeautiruL Yreitow. (Bot. Mag. 4180.) Hemodoracex. Hexandria Monogynia. A native of the Swan River Colony, where it was discovered by Mr. James Drummond. Plants have been raised from seed by Mr. Low, of the Clapton Nursery. ‘The plant grows from two to three feet high. The flowers are produced in a large branching panicle, of a rich yellow colour. It is a very interesting and showy green-house plant; well meriting a situation therein. Cumura Zeytanica, Crynon Cuirira. (Bot. Mag. 4182.) Cyrtandracee. Didynamia Angiospermia. A native of Ceylon, and was raised by Mr. Hen- derson, gardener to Earl Fitzwilliam, at Wentworth House, from seeds he had ET ~~ =6, NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 254 received. Treated as a stove-plant, it blooms through most of the summer months. It will do well, too, ina warm green-house. It grows from a foot to half a yard high, slightly branched. The flowers are produced in a branching panicle. Each blossom is funnel-shaped, bellying underneath; something in the way of a small flower of Gloxiniaspeciosa. The flower is about an inch and a half long, and nearly an inch across the mouth, of a rich purple; being paler and reddish in the tubular portion. It strikes readily from cuttings, soon blossoms, and, so very beautiful, as to deserve a place in every exotic collection of plants. Garpenra Srantryana. Lorp Dersy’s Garpenta. (Bot. Reg. 47.) Cin- chonacee. Pentandria Monogynia. A native of Sierra Leone, sent by Mr. Whitfield to the Earl of Derby’s, in whose service he was when the present plant was discovered. It has bloomed in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew. It is a shrubby stove-plant; the foliage a lively green ; ovate. The flowers are pro- duced in great abundance, rising in an erect position above the foliage; each having a tube about nine inches long; and then terminates in a spreading five- parted flower, five inches across. The inside of the tubular portion is dark colonred. The centre of each spreading limb of the flower is green, spotted with red; the remainder is a snowy white, spotted with pink. The large spotted trumpet-like flowers, in profusion, produce a splendid appearance; they are fragrant too. The plant is of very easy culture. It deserves a place in every hothouse. From its vigorous habit it appears to us to be very likely to succeed well in a warm green-house. We are trying it; and, so far, it thrives well. Cuiora@a virEscens. Green VeINep. Orchidacee. Gynandria Monan- dria. (Bot. Reg.49.) A native of the pastures of the Cordilleras of Chili, and, being a terrestrial Orchidez, grows there as plenteous as our meadow orchises do in this country. It requires to be grown in a warm green-house, in rough sandy peat; to have plenty of water when growing; but, when the stem and leaves die down, to be kept barely moist, and be re-potted when the bulb begins to push in spring. he flowers are produced in an erect raceme, six inches long ; they are of a rich orange yellow, having numerous light green veins upon the ground colour. Each blossom is two inches across, and a dozen or more in each raceme. It is a very pretty flowering species. Cyuoiprum Masrersitr. Mastrers’s Crmprp. Orchidacee. Gynandria Mo- nandria. (Bot. Reg. 50.) Messrs. Loddiges’ obtained this new species from the East Indies. The flowers are pure white, with a streak of yellow on the lip, aud a few small spots of pink. They are sweet scented, with an almond fra- grance. Each flower is about 23 inches across. It is a very delicate and pretty species. Azaves Lzvitiz. Garvin Hysrip. This handsome and fragrant hybrid was raised at Spofforth Gardens, from the seed of a common Rhododendron pon- ticum, impregnated, in the greenhouse, by pollen of an Azalea; we understand, an orange-coloured one. The flowers are produccd in fine heads, white streaked, and tinged with yellow. Errmosracuys LacinIATA. JAG-LEAVED Desert-rop. (Bot. Reg. 52.) La- miaceew. Didynamia Gymnospermia. It is a hardy perennial herbaceous plant, a native of the eastern side of Caucasus. It grows erect, from three to five feet high, blooming from May to August. The flowers are produced in whorls; a pale sulphur, with a deep yellow lip, margined with crimson. It is grown in the garden of the London Horticultural Society. GomPHOLOGIUM VERSICOLOR VAR. CAULIBUS PURPUREIS. CHANGEABLE PUR- PLE-STEMMED yARIETY. (Bot. Mag. 4179.) Leguminose. Decandria Mono- gynia. Mr. James Drummond sent seeds of this very pretty grgenhouse suf- fruticose plant from the Swan River colony to Messrs. Lucombe and Pince, of Exeter Nursery. It is an upright branching small shrub, with deep purple branches. The flowers are produced in profusion. At their first opening they are of a deep rich searlet-red ; and, as they increase in age, become of an orange, with red margin. It is a very beautiful variety, and merits a place in every greenhouse. Each flower is about an inch and a quarter across. Vou. XIII. No. 152. x 258 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. Ecuinocactus MULTIFLORUS. MAny-rLowEeRED. (Bot. Mag. 4181.) This very singular species is grown in the noble collection of Cactuses of Mr. Palmer of Stockwell, near London. It is one of the globose-formed kinds, having five long spines at each areola. The flowers are produced numerously at the crown ; they are white, with a spot of green at the point of each petal, and in some parts a slight tinge of rose. Hach blossom is near three inches across. (© HasRoTHAMNUS FASCICULATUS. CLUSTER-FLOWERED. (Bot. Mag. 4183.) Solanacee. Pentandria Monogynia. A native of Mexico, which is in the col- lection of Messrs. Lucombe and Pince of Exeter. It is a handsome greenhouse shrubby plant, which bears numerous close-placed terminal heads, of bright red tube-formed flowers, Each blossom is about an inch long. It well deserves a place in the greenhouse. GuIrFINIA HYACINTHINA. HYACINTH BLUE-FLOWERED. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Amaryllidacee. Hexandria Monogynia, It is a bulbous perennial, discovered in Brazil; requires to be forwarded in a hothouse, or hot-bed frame, for a short time in spring; and, when the flower-stems appear, then be removed to the greenhouse, or conservatory, to bloom. The flowers are produced in large heads, each blossom being from two to three inches across, The centre pure white, and the upper half of each petal of a rich violet blue. OrNiTHOGALUM AUREUM. GOLDEN-FLOWFRED STsR OF BeTuLEHEM. (Pax, Mag. Bot.) Liliacee. Hexandria Monogynia. A native of the Cape of Good Hope, which has bloomed in the fine collection of plants belonging to Mrs. Wray of Oakfield, near Cheltenham. It will flourish either in the greenhouse, or in a warm aspected border, against a wall. The flowers are produced in racemes, of from twelve to eighteen inches long. ach flower is an inch and a half across; varying in colour from a bright yellow to a rich deep orange. It is a very beautiful flowering plant, well deserving cultivation. PLANTs NOTICED IN BoranicaL ReGIsTER, NoT FicurED. The only marked distinction between the beautiful yellow and white Orchis sambucina of the Alpine mountains, and Orchis provincialis is, that the latter has the tubers undivided, and the former belongs to the division which has palmate tubers; sambucina having short prominences at its base. Orenis Schleicheri grows in company with the above; the flowers are crimson, with an orange throat, The former are fragrant, but the latter are scentless. Orniruipium Miniatum. An orchideew from Columbia. The flowers are of a rich crimson vermilion, with the lip yellow, edged and blotched with crimson. It is in Messrs. Rollisson’s collection. Erta Dinuwyniur. A native of the Phillippine Islands. The flowers are of a pale lemon colour; a most profuse bloomer. It has flowered at Pennlergare, in the collection of Dillwyn Llewellyn, Esq. New or InterestTinG Piants SEEN In Nurseries, GArpeEns, &c. Bopptea Linpieyana. This new species has bloomed in the conservatory of the London Horticultural Society. It was sent there from China. ‘Ihe flowers are produced in racemes of about six or eight inches long. Each flower con- sists of a long curved tube, with a very rich violet four-cleft spreading border. When the plant is grown in pots it appears to grow somewhat twiggy and loosely ; but, when grown in the open bed in the conservatory, becomes a very neat bush. Some plants grown in the open air last summer remained out during winter ; and, although the tops perished, the plants have pushed vigorous shoots this séason from underground. TerrunemA Mexicana. This plant very much resembles the Pentstemon tribe, particularly like Parguta, both in form and colour. Its lovely blue flowers being produced in profusion during the winter and spring months renders it a very interesting object. It is a dwarfish plant, requiring similar treatment to a Gloxinia ; does best in a stove, or warm greenhouse, and it merits a place in a Ww i r MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 259 every one, as well as in a dwelling room. It can be procured at a very reason- able price at some of the extensive nurseries. Dats corimirotia. A shrub, from the Cape of Good Hope, and forms a very showy greenhouse plant, much resembling a Pimelea. The flowers are of a rich pink, and produced in showy heads. It is in the collection at Kew, and deserves to be in every greenhouse. It blooms during the summer months. Cassera Intearivotia. Of the natural order Verbenacex. It is a native of Brazil; a stove-plant; blooming from March to September. The flowers are like those of a small pale blue salvia. In Mr. Low’s collection, Ruopostuema Garpenrorwes. It has a leaf like a Luculia; the flowers are very fragrant, white, and in form like a white jasmine. At Mr, Low’s. Acusa JAronica VAR . This very handsome variety has been sent to this country by Dr. Siebold. The leaf is large, having the centre, comprising nearly half of the surface, a rich yellow colour, and surrounded with a broad band of green. It isa very noble and beautiful shrubby plant. Mr. Low has it in-doois; but it is yery probable it will be found as hardy as the original species. LisIANTHUs GLAUCOPHYLLUs. The flowers are about half the size of L. Rus- sellianus, and ofa darker colour. At Mr. Low’s. Pzonta Wuitmannis. It is an herbaceous species, recently sent from Siberia, The flowers are yellow, and said to be very magnificent. At Mr. Low’s. Txora. A new species, sent by Mr. Low, jun., to the Clapton Nursery. It is stated that the heads of flowers are larger than those of the Hydrangea hortensis, and of a brilliant scarlet colour. It is expected to be one of the finest plants which has been brought to this country. We were informed that 100/. had been offered for the plant, but refused. Dranraus Gorrnapsu. The flower-stems rise to “a foot high. The flowers are very double, 14 inch across, produced in heads; they are a bright rosy crimson, with a dark centre. The plant is as hardy as other double ones, flourishes in the open bed in summer, and to be protected in winter, in a cool frame, or by a small glass cover, pot, &c. At Mr. Low’s. Cotumnea. A new species has been received from Mr. Low, jun. The flowers are of a bright scarlet, with a purple calyx. Gesneria Gronpians. The flowers are a bright scarlet outside, and a rich golden yellow inside. They have a few very distinct dark spots inside, pro- ducing a very pretty effect. At Mr. Low’s. SrirEA Dovauasst. It is a hardy shrub, growing two to three feet high. The flowers are produced numerously, in spikes; a pretty rosy-lilac colour. It is a neat plant for the shrubbery, At Mr. Low’s. Barteria. New species. An erect growing plant, bearing terminal spikes of large handsome (Justicia-like) flowers, of a rich violet-blue. It blooms a long period. At Messrs, Henderson’s. PART III. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. QUERIES. On A Pian vor a Frower Garprn, &c.—A constant subscriber to the Fro- ricuLturAL Caniner would be glad if any of your correspondents would inform her the best way to lay out a piece of lawn thirty-six yards long and eleven broad in flower-beds. At present there are eight St. Andrew’s crosses and some oblong beds; but they offend the eye as being too angular. Any hint will be thankfully received by your constant subscriber, Sept. 9th. J.E. 260 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. Ona List oy Twenry-vour Putoxes.—The names of 24 of the very best herbaceous Phloxes in the October Number of the Canryer would much oblige A Susscriser in WILTSHIRE. [Purpurea perfecta, Captivation, Eye-bright, Oracle, Archduchess, Brilliant, Broughtonia, Bruceii, Beauty, Compacta alba, Cordata grandiflora, Formosa, Glomerata, Jenkinsonia, Lindleyana, Longiflora purpurea, Louisa, Murrayana, Pendulina, Princesse Clementina, Princesse Marianne, Speciosissima, Striata delicatissima, and Van Houttei. The description of each may be seen in the advertised list inserted in the last March Number of our Magazine. The price will be much lower now than at that season.—Conpucror. ] On sowina Servs or Hyacinrus.—Having seeds of some fine Hyacinths, I am anxious for some imformation respecting them, proportion of sowing, the description of soil most suited to them, and the general treatment required by them. An answer in your next will much oblige Shrewsbury. M. A. H. [The seed usually ripens by June or July; when so obtained, sow it a few days after being gathered in a pot or box, in light sandy loam, half an inch deep, and place it in a ccol frame under glass, say a spent cucumber or melon bed; in three weeks they usually vegetate; they must be kept growing as long as they will, then allowed to become nearly dry, and be so preserved through winter. In February following they would push again; and, if the pot or box is not crowded, they had best be unmoved, and remain to grow so through the season, and be kept dry from the time of their foliage withering till the planting season. About the middle of October they may be carefully taken up and planted at a few inches apart in a box, &c.; and at the following planting season they may be planted in the open bed, &c., as is done to full-grown bulbs. We repeat, only just keep the soil for the first two rest seasons from becoming dust dry, not wet, and be kept from frost. Seed collected late had best be sown the first week in April; it is much more successful than if sown in September or October, as has generally been done in bygone years.—Connucror. | —_— On Tozsacco Warer.—You have often mentioned that tobaeco water being applied to plants infested with green fly, it would destroy the insect. I should be much obliged if you would inform me how the liquid is to be prepared, and how applied. A. B. [The liquid is prepared by boiling a proportion of tobacco in a quantity of water for a quarter or even half an hour, and when cool is fit for use. However strong it is it does not in the least injure the plant to which it is applied; and the stronger it is, the more effectual it answers the intended purpose. To immerse the entire top of a plant in the liquid is best. This, with small plants, is readily done; larger ones may in general have the branches bent so as to immerse them successively. Where neither can be done, then syringe the under side of the leaves as well as the upper. Sometimes a repetition is required ; it is best to do it as soon as any insect is discovered. We have tried the plan on many occasions, and always succeeded. ‘Tobacco water can generally be pro- cured at a tobacco manufactory at about 1s. per gallon. Gas water will answer, too; it must be weakened so as not to be injurious to vegetation. An experi- ment on a waste plant will point out the degree. British-grown tobaces, such as is usually grown in gardens, will answer the purpose in the former case. The mode of preparing it is—pull up the full-grown plants, and hang them, rovts upwards, in a glass-roofed green-house, peach-house, or similar place, where the temperature will be 70 or 80 degrees, in order to diy. When well dried, dip them in water, and again dry them; this must be repeated once or twice more ; after which, when quite dry, put them closely in bags, keep in a dry place, and they will be fit for use. When the liquid is to be made, chop up the stalks and leaves, and boil them in a due proportion of water for half an hour. When cool, it may be used. The liquid will keep well corked up tight in bottles, or bunged up close in a cask,—Connuctox. | MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 261 On A List OF LATE BLOOMING Roses.—I should feel particularly obliged. if you, or some one of your numerous subscribers, would furnish me with a list of thirty of the best Roses (for planting in a bed on the lawn) perpetuals, or such other varieties, as will flower from August till Christmas, or ‘nearly then, the colour also, as well as an early answer, will be esteemed a favour by Kent. A SugpscrIBER FROM THE COMMENCEMENT. Bernard; pink, superb, dwarf, very fragrant. Mogoda, or Crimson Superb ; brilliant crimson, shaded with purple, distinct and beautiful. Grand et Belle; bright rose, very large and fragrant. Van Mons; pink, veined with red, large. Aubernon ; brilliant crimson, perfect, superb, very fragrant. Comte d’Eu ; brilliant carmine, approaching to scarlet, dwarf. Due d@’Aumale ; bright crimson, beautiful. Duchess of Sutherland ; bright rose, mottled, large, superb. Lady Alice Peel; deep pink, superb, beautiful. Louis Bonaparte ; rosy-crimson, very distinct. Prince of Wales; bright lilac, blooming in large clusters. William Jessie ; light crimson, lilac tinged, large, beautiful. La Bedoyere ; bright red, very distinct. Bouquet de Flora; deep carmine, very superb. Comice de Seine et Marne; cherry-red, superb. Desgzaches; bright rose, perfect. George Cuvier ; brilliant rosy carmine. Grand Capitaine ; velvet-scarlet, brilliant, beautiful, dwarf habit. Madame Nerard ; beautiful blush, perfect, superb. Madame Souchet ; blush, edged with red, distinct and superb. Proserpine; brilliant crimson, shaded with purple, superb, dwarf. Queen, fawn coloured rose, beautiful. Souchet; crimson, shaded with purple, perfect, superb. Souvenir de la Malmaison ; pale flesh, tinted with fawn, large, superb. Salfaterre ; bright sulphur, large and very superb, but is rather tender in a cold climate. Clara Sylvain; pure white, distinct, dwarf, superb. Madaine Bureau ; white, distinct and pretty. Cramoise Superiore ; brilliant crimson, most beautiful. Mrs. Bosanquet; pale fresh, wax-like, superb. Fabvier ; fine brilliant scarlet, superb. REMARKS. Ciorn or Gop Rosr.—lIt is a rich yellow, large and superb. It is not yet so bright in colour in this country as it grows in France. The petals are of a thick magnolia like substance. It blooms well against a south aspected wall or in a greenhouse. Persian Yerrow.—Is an Austrian Briar, the flowers full double, deep yellow, growing and blooming freely. It is a very superb Rose. Both kinds deserve a place in every collection. Sauispury Prain Dauiia Suow.—Salisbury, or rather Stonehenge, Dahlia show is, in general, one of the earliest of the great exhibitions, and brings in all the early flowers. This season the display was very great. The exhibition may be called extensive; no less than eleven nurserymen competed for the prizes in that class, and the prizes were liberal. In the class of new flowers there were a number of competitors, and it is a pity the importance of this class is not better understood, for it would be the most popular of all. The new flowers of the season formed a very important feature in most of the stands, though, for some of them, which went out in large numbers and late, the show was too early. Of seedlings there was a good show, and few prizes were awarded, for none but the best class were honoured with the distinction, The judges, Messrs. Shepherd 262 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. and Glenny, were instructed that they were not limited, and might give as many first and second class as they thought proper. They, however, declined doing more than pointing out such as they considered might go forth to the public at the usual price of half a guinea, without saying anything about first or second class. List of Prizes —Nurserymen, Twenty-four Blooms—1. Mr. Keynes, of Salis- bury, with Burnham Hero, J. S. Richardson, Cleopatra, Lady St. Maur, Eclipse, Mrs. Shelly, Victory of Sussex, Antler, Gloria Mundi, Standard of Perfection, Princess Royal, Beauty of Sussex, Aurantia, Indispensable, Hofer, Admiral Stopford, Queen of Roses, Beeswing, Raphael, Empress of Whites, Nonpareil, Essex Triumph. 2. Mr. Drummond, Bath, with Beeswing, Victory of Sussex, Vivid, Marchioness of Ormonde, Perpetual Grand, Princess Royal, Lady St. Maur, Catleugh’s Eclipse, Lord Howden, Alice Hawthorn, Essex Triumph, Cleopatra, Bathonia, Mrs. Shelly, Aurantia, Springfield Rival, Admiral Stopford, Fullwood Hero, Beauty of Sussex, Queen of Roses, Standard of Perfection, Sir J.S. Richardson, Noupareil, Sir H, Pottinger. 3. Mr. Brown, Slough, with Rubens, Lady St. Maur, Perpetual Grand, Princess Royal, Aurantia, Victory of Sussex, Cleopatra, Sir J. S. Richardson, Queen of Roses, Standard of Perfection, Ophir, Rembrandt, Nutwith, Duchess of Richmond, Beeswing, Queen, Indis- pensable, Springfield Rival, Admiral Stopford, Beauty of Sussex, Nenpareil, Essex Triumph, Delight, Raphael. 4. Mr. Spary, of Hungerford, with Candi- date, Lady Antrobus, Cook’s Albion, Cleopatra, Perpetual Grand, Lady St. Maur, Beeswing, Mrs. Shelly, Fullwood Hero, Dazzle, Aurantia, Essex Triumph, Bridesmaid, Sir R. Sale, Essex Champion, Standard of Perfection, Antler, Beauty of the Plain, Rembrandt, Nonpareil, America, Duchess of St. Albans, Springfield, Phenomenon. 96. Mr. Southley, of Newbury, with Royal Standard, Royal Sovereign, Marquis of Lansdowne, Beauty of Sussex, Argo, Scarlet Eclipse, Victory, Sir J.S. Richardson, Emma Noke, Girling’s Prince of Wales, Beeswing, Novelty, Essex Triumph, Phenomenon, Duchess of Richmond, Aurantia, Sir R. Sale, Lady Antrobus, Proctor’s Nonpareil, Emperor of the Whites, Standard of Perfection, Majestic, Sir J. Johnstone, Beauty of the Plain. 6. Names not given in. 7. Mr. Heale, of Calne, with President of the West, Dodd’s Prince of Wales, Sir J. S. Richardson, Admiral Stopford, Beauty of Sussex, Hampstead Rival, Widnall’s Queen, Aurantia, Princess Royal, Essex Triumph, Langley’s Duke of York, Beeswing, King of the West, Empress of the Whites, Proctor’s Nonpareil, Prince of Waterloo, Bermondsey Bee, Queen of Roses, Orange Superb, Standard of Perfection, Harrison’s Duke of York, Indispensable, Sir R. Sale, Dazzle. 8. Mr. Heale, of Devizes, with Perpetual Grand, Aurantia, Sir R. Sale, Gloria Mundi, Springfield Rival, Delight, Great Mogul, Harrison’s Duke of York, Dodd’s Prince of Wales, Hodge’s Competitor, Orange Superb, Essex Triumph, Marchioness of Ormond, Beeswing, Beauty of the Plain, Rubens, King of the West, Princess Royal, Nonpareil, Empress of the Whites, Ber- mondsey Bee, Standard of Perfection, Prince of Waterloo. Amateurs, Twelve Blooms—1. Mr. Fox, with Spitfire, Cleopatra, Mrs. Shelly, Lady St. Maur, Lady Sale, Victory of Sussex, Marchioness of Ormonde, Sir J. S. Richardson, Standard of Perfection, Perpetual Grand, Essex Bride, Prince of Waterloo. 2. J. M. Yeeles, Esq., with Beeswing, Aurantia, Sir J. S. Richardson, Cleopatra, Gloria Mundi, Fulwood Hero, Essex Triumph, Duchess of Richmond, Princess Royal, Widnall’s Queen, Albion, Admiral Stopford. 3. Names not given in. 4, Mr. Hopkins, with Model, Indispensable, Mrs. Shelly, Cleopatra, Beauty of Sussex, Perpetual Grand, Antagonist, Nonpariel, Orange Superb, Virgil, Dazzle, Standard of Perfection. 5. Names not given in. 6. Mr. Keate, with Indis- pensable, Lady Harland, Twyford’s Perfection, Essex Triumph, Duchess of Richmond. Dodd's Prince of Wales, President of the West, Kmperor of the Whites, Admiral Stopford, Delight, Beauty of the Plain, Queen of Roses. Amateurs. Six Blooms—l. Mr. Yeeles, with Sir J. S. Richardson, Cleopatra, Gloria Mundi, Nonpariel, Princess Royal, Victory of Sussex. 2. Mr. Durwed, with Cleopatra, Hero of Stonehenge, Standard of Perfection, Empress of the Whites, Queen of Roses, Hero of Waterloo. 3. Mr. Hopkins, with Nonpariel, Mrs. Shelly, Model, Orange Superb, Beauty Superb, Standard of Perfection. 4, Mr. Gilward, with Fulwood Hero, Beauty of Sussex, Standard of Perfection, ——— MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 263 Widnall’s Queen, Beeswing, Admiral Stopford. 5. Mr. Brown, of Wilton, with Bermoudsey Bee, Dazzle, Princess Royal, Duke of York, Standard, Cleopatra. 6. Mr. Brown, with Favourite, Dazzle, Aurantia, Queen of Roses, Mrs. Shelly, Princess Royal. Amateurs, Six new Flowers—l, Mr. Dodd, with Keynes’s Antler, Fulwood Hero, Beeswing, Keynes’s Dazzle, Gloria Mundi, Empress of the Whites. 2. Mr. Yeeles, with Red Rover, Albion, Alice Hawthorn, Gloria Mundi, Cleopatra, Beeswing. 3. Mr. Hopkins, with Antler, Dazzle, Cleopatra, Marchioness of Ormond, Duke of York (Keynes), Duke of York (Langley). Seedlings of 1844—Mr. Gaines, for Princess Radzville; Mr. Whale, fur Lady Cornwallis ; Mr. Dodd, for Enterprize; Mr. Spary, for Marquis of Aylesbury ; Mr. Sorrel, for Caractacus; Mr. Keynes, for Sit Edward Antrobus; Mr. Dodd, for a fancy purple and white bordered flower, called Punch. Seedlings of 1845 —Mr. Brown, of Slough, for a shaded purple, and Mr, Girling for a fancy flower. Tratininc Heatus.—Mr. Campbell, of Warminster, trains many‘of his Heaths into pyramids, which he places along each side of a wide path in his conserva- tory. The effect is somewhat novel, and in such situations very good. He merely selects a strong Jeading shoot, and keeps the remainder constantly cut back. The following sorts he has been successful with :—Erica Linnza nova, E. Melastoma, E. Grandinosa, E. Laxa, E.Spumosa, E, Colorans, E. Colorans verna, E. Densa, E. Ventricosa breviflora, E. Nigrita, E, Sebana, E. Linnzoides superba, E, Sparsa, E. Persolata, E. Hyemalis, and E. Wilmoreana. Szepiine Cacruses.—W henever the seed is ripe, sow it in sand, then place the pot on a shelf in a warm and dry situation. I1t will vegetate readily. Little water should be given to the plants when up, As they root well in sand, they need not be potted till they are tolerably strong plants. The best soil to pot them in is loam, peat, and brick rubbish, and be well drained, FLORICULTURAL CALENDAR FOR OCTOBER. Annual Flower Seeds, as Clarkia, Collinsia, Schizanthuses, Ten Week Stocks, &c., now sown in pots, and kept in a cool frame or greenhouse during winter, will be suitable for planting out in open borders next April. Such plants bloom early and fine, and their flowering season is generally closing when spring-sown plants are coming into bloom. Seeds of many kinds now sown in the open borders endure winter and bloom vigorously early next season. Biennials, as Scabious, Sweet Williams, Canterbury Bells, &c., should 2ow be planted where to bloom next season. Camellias.—Thin the flower buds, which will tend to preserve more certainly those for blooming, and cause them to be vigorous. Place some in the green- house eatly, that are desired to bloom in December, or before, in some cases. Carnation Layers should immediately be potted off. China Rose Cuttings now strike very freely; buds may still be put in success- fully. De hideWhets the laterals are very numerous, they should be thinned out so as to have vigorous blooms. Towards the end of the month collect seeds of the early-blown flowers. Heap soil round the stem to save the crown from frost. Greenhouse plauts will generally require to be taken in by the end of the month. If allowed to remain out much longer, the foliage will often turn brown from the effect of cold air, The earlier succulents are the better. Lobelias,—Ofisets should be potted off, so as to have them well rooted before winter. Lisianthus Seed uow sown will produce plants for next year’s blooming. Mignonette may now be sown in pots, to bloom in winter. Pelargoniums, cuttings of, may now be put off; plants of which will bloom in May. If Polat géiiunis have not been headed down, they should now be done, the. 264° MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. shoots may push a little before repotting for winter. Piants which have been headed down, and have pushed shoots two inches long should be repotted. Pinks, pipings of, if struck, may he taken off and planted in the situations intended for blooming in next season, Plants of Herbaceous Calceolarias should now be divided, taking off offsets and planting them in small pots. Cut off the flower stems of such as have done blooming, to induce shoots to be vigorous. Plants of Chinese Chrysanthemums should be repotied if necessary; for if done later, the blossom will be small. Use the richest soil. Pinch off the heads to cause the production of laterals, soas to have a head of flowers. Large plants may be taken up from the open borders and potted, they will bloom fine with due care. Plants of Pentstemons should be divided by taking off offsets, or increased by striking slips. They should be struck in heat. Pansies—The tops and slips of Pansies should now be cut off, and beinserted under a hand-glass, or where they can be shaded a little. They will root freely, and be good plants for next season. Ranunculus beds should now be prepared as follows :—The depth of soil to be two feet and a half, of a rich clayey, friable loam, retentive of moisture ; about six or eight inches from the surface to be a rich light loam, of a sandy nature. Remove the whole of the soil with the remains of the dung given last year, and turn up the subsoil a whole spade in depth, breaking it well. If the beds are allowed to remain in this state for a day or two to sweeten the subsoil, it will be an advantage. Then place upon the subsoil a layer of cow-dung, at least one year old, four inches thick; then scatter over it the fine powder of new-slaked lime, to correct any acidity and destroy the worms. ‘Then fill up with new light soil, taken from the surface of the old tulip-bed or potato-ground, which has been frequently turned to sweeten it. Sweet William seed now sown will soon strike and the plants bloom next season. Seeds of many kinds of flowers will be ripe for gathering this month. Tigridia, Commellina, and similar roots, may be taken up about the end of the month. Verbenas.—Runners of this plant should now be taken off, planting them in small pots, half filled with potsherds, and the rest with good loamy soil, then placing them in a shady situation. It should be attended to as early in the mouth as convenient. When taken into a cold frame or greenhouse for winter protection, much of the success depends on being kept near the glass; or sink a box or two, half filled with potsherds, and the other good loamy soil, round the plant, so that the runners, being pegged down to the soil, will soon take root at the joints. When a sufficient number are rooted, separate the stems from the parent plant, and those in the boxes will be well established, and, being removed before frost. are easily preserved in winter, as done with those in pots. When Lilies, Crown Imperials, Narcissuses, &c., require dividing, take them up now, and replant immediately ; also plant Hyacinths and Crocuses, &c., either in beds or in pots for forcing. When Petunias, Heliotropium, Salvias, Pelargoniums, (Geraniums,) &c., that have been grown in open borders, and it is desirable to have bushy plants for the same purpose the next year, it is now the proper time to take off slips (select the short and well-ripened ones), and insert a number in a pot; afterwards place them in a hot-bed frame, or other situation having the command of heat. When struck root, they may be placed in a greenhouse or cool frame to preserve them from frost during winter. When divided and planted out the ensuing May in open borders of rich soil, the plants will be stocky, and bloom profusely. Greenhouse plants yet out will require to be taken in by the middle of the month; if allowed to remain out much longer, the foliage will often turn brown from the effects of cold air. Where they are in all air should be admitted by day. The plants should not be watered over head at the close of the day. Water the soil too only in the early part of the day, if not so attended to the leaves will be hable te damp off. Loosen the soil at the surface frequently, it contributes much to health, . j b ‘ ’ > . } a . . v4 i pe Y any au PP : a ‘ n 4 44) wei i ‘ + Fea abuts as a “ i. ; yy i \ t j , . “ - ae 4 . 1 ( PY , . . . a j YS Oi : * i tive n ; ‘¢ by + . r < ) (i j i . n Ke ie é ed fe , uA lig VY Ae Lo eer ae of 0.5) as i | | | : JI. BOUVARDIA FLAVA. 2. CALANDRINIA UMBEILATA. Floriaaltural Cabineé. THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, NOVEMBER Ist, 1845. PARTE. I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. 1, BOUVARDIA FLAVA—(Yettow Frowerep.) Tuts very pretty and new species we lately received from Mr. Van Houtte, nurseryman of Ghent, who, in addition to the plant and a coloured figure of the flower, forwarded us the following communi- cation of the plant, culture, &c. It will prove a very striking com- panion to the fine scarlet Bouvardias triphylla, J acquinli, and versi- color, whether grown in pots in the greenhouse, or in the open beds in summer ; and its beauty, freeness of blooming, &c., render it de- serving a place in every greenhouse and flower garden. Mr. Van Houtte observes as follows :— “This is a yery interesting and entirely new acquisition to our cultures; stubbed in short, and kept shrubby, it will long continue to form, by its numerous and light hanging flowers, pendant on their triangular peduncles, a spring ornament for the green-house, into which it must be placed during the winter. The beautiful yellow colour of the flowers forms a most happy and agreeable contrast to the dark purple and varied shades of the foliage. In order to obtain the latter effect, the plant must, during the fine season, be exposed, if not to the direct rays of the sun, at least in mid shade, so as to enjoy a vast and airy space. Vox. XIII. No, 153. x 266 THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. “Tt delights in a soil sufficiently rich in decomposed vegetable matter, and, in consequence of its almost continued growth, frequent waterings; winter excepted. ‘Tt will prosper in the open ground, if transplanted into the borders towards the end of May; in which case it must be re-potted about the 10th of September, placed in the shade or cold-pit, and brought into the green-louse about the beginning of October. ‘* Its increase is as simple as easy by cuttings of the young branches, in a hot bed, and under bell-glasses. The young scions cut at the articulation of a branch will root in a few days, and may be treated like the mother plants; the only precaution necessary to be taken is, not to expose the new shoots to the open air, or to the sun, before being accustomed thereto by degrees; the delicacy of the young branches being so great that the sudden contact of either might occa- sion some disorder in the new plants. Forced early in spring, as is done with other green-house plants, this plant has had but little success; only producing small (and, as one may say), abortive flowers, of an undecided colour: left to itself, and subject to all the influences of the spring, and of the atmosphere, its vegetation at once proceeds with redoubled vigour; its leaves twice as large, and are now spotted with red; the flowers much more numerous, longer, and double the size, acquire a lively colouring of the most beautiful yellow ; it is therefore important, with regard to this beautiful species, to let nature work alone.” 2. CALANDRINIA UMBELLATA. This is another beautiful addition to this lovely tribe of flowers. Messrs. Veitch’s, of Exeter Nursery, received it from their collector, Mr. Lobb. They exhibited it at the Chiswick Horticultural show in July last. It is a very profuse bloomer, and its rich coloured flowers produce a very striking appearance. It will well deserve a place either in pots in the greenhouse, or in the open border. ARTICLE II. THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. Merropomran Firoricutturat Society, September 25. Tue September exhibition of this Society has for some years beet acknowledged as the grand Dahlia show of the season, the com- : ; THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. 267 petitors being many of the principal growers throughout the country, and the blooms placed to view at this meeting justified this character. The number of stands produced was probably not so extensive as they would have been, had not an early frost in several localities much destroyed the flowers ; the generality of those shown, however, were yery good. A considerable number of seedlings were offered for notice, some of which were really good; our notes of them was made from a very careful inspection, and may be relied upon. The show was held in the gardens of Cremorne House, Chelsea. The following is a list of the flowers, comprising the prize stands in the various classes. CLASS I. 24 Blooms: open to Nurserymen only. 1st Prize, Mr. Turner, Chalvey, for fine specimens of Indispensable (Girling), Pickwick (Cormack), Aurantia (Sparry), Cleopatra (Attwell), Bermondsey Bee (Proctor), Nonpareil (Proctor), Perpetual Grand (Brown), Competitor (Hodge), Duchess of Richmond (Fowler), Trafalgar, Lord Howden (Harrison), Rem- brandt (Brown), Mrs. Shelley (Mitchell), Princess Royal (Hudson), Beauty of the Plain (Sparry), Spitfire (Fisher), Peeswing (Drummond),, La Grand. Bau- duin (Low), Alice Hawthorn (Drummond), Raphael (Brown), Standard of Per- fection (Keynes), Marchioness of Ormond (Bourn), Dowager Lady Cooper (Jackson), and Springfield Rival (Inwood), 2nd Prize, Mr. Girling, Stowmarket, for Lord Howden, Gloria Mundi, Princess Royal, Ashlete, Biondetta, Mrs. Shelley, Blue Bonnet, Standard of Perfection, Victory of Sussex, Optimus, Essex Triumph, Antagonist, Reubens, Cleopatra, Phenomenon, Queen of Roses, Alice Hawthorn, Gloricum, Bermondsey Bee, Rembrandt, Lady Leicester, Admiral Stopford, and Dazzle. 3rd Prize, Mr. Brown, Slough, with Queen of Roses, Pickwick, Rembrandt, Phenomenon, Duchess of Richmond, Indispensable, Nutwith, Raphael, Standard of Perfection, Sir J. S, Richardson, Beeswing, Baudoin, Competition, Mrs, J. Richardson, Essex Champion, Delizht, Bermondsey Bee, Perpetual Grand, Ophir, Springfield Rival, Desirable, Cleopatra, Northern Beauty, and Punccts Royal. dth Prize, Mr. Bragg, Slough, with Orlanda, Springfield Rival, Cleopatra, Admiral Stopford, Antagonist, Duchess of Richmond, Essex Bride, Burnham “Hero, Victory of Sussex, Beauty of the Plain, Essex Triumph, Aurantia, Great ogul, Princess Royal, Antler, Blue Bonnet, Indispensable, Vivid, Standard of erfection, Bermondsey Bee, Beauty of Sussex, Nonpareil, Emperor of Whites, and Beeswing. 5th Prize, Mr. Gaines, Battersea, for Lady Glentworth, Orlando, Bloomsbury, Cleopatra, Perpetual Grand, Albion, Mrs. Shelley; Hero of Maida, Gloria Mundi, Gaines’ Countess of Zetland, Sir J. S. Richardson, Essex Bride, Victory of Sussex, Vivid, Beeswing, Candidate, Princess Royal, Eximia, Essex Primrose, Aurantia, Cheltenham Queen, Rembrandt, and Mare Antony. 6th Prize, Mr. Sorrell, Chelmsford, for Sir J. S. Richardson, Cleopatra, Essex Triumph, Pickwick, ‘Admiral Stopford, Victory of Sussex, Phenomenon, Wid- nall’s Queen, Antler, Consolation, Duchess of Richmond, Princess Royal, Con- queror of the World, Standard of Perfection, Queen of Roses, Sir A. Pottinger, Beeswing, Mrs. Shelley, Perpetual Grand, Bermondsey Bee, Aurautia, President of the West, Catleuéh’s Eclipse, and Champion, Besides the above, three other collections were shown. y¥2 268 THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. CLASS II. 24 Blooms: open to all Competitors. 1st Prize, Mr. Tumer, Chalvey, for Duchess of Richmond, Raphael, Bees- wing, Standard of Perfection, Nonpareil, Trafalgar, Spitfire, Princess Royal, Gloria Mundi, Indispensable, Victory of Sussex, Bathonia, Beauty of Bucks, Pickwick, Admiral Stopford, Beauty of the Plain, Lord Howden, Arethusa, Competitor, Eximia, Cleopatra, Raphael, Springfield Rival, and Bermondsey Bee. 2nd Prize, Mr. Bragg, Slough, for Burnham Hero, Essex Bride, Admiral Stopford, Blue Bonnet, Beeswing, Essex Triumph, Mrs. Shelley, Duchess of Richmond, Beauty of Bucks, Antagonist, Spitfire, Vivid, Lady St. Maur, Cleo- patra, Raphael, Great Mogul, Beauty of Sussex, Lady Antrobus, Aurantia, Candidate, Beauty of the Plain, Nonpareil, Springfield Rival, and Bermondsey Bee. 3rd Prize, Mr. Girling, Stowmarket, for Biondetta, Mrs. Shelley, Beeswing, La Polka, Cleopatra, Antagonist, Gloria Mundi, Athlete, Admiral Stopford, Antler, Phenomenon, Princess Royal, Raphael, Lord Howden, Standard of Per- fection, Alice Hawthorn, Zoe (Truelle), Blue Bonnet, Highgate Surprise, Tra- falyar, Candidate, Oudine, Queen of Roses, and Essex Triumph. 4th Prize, Mr. Cook (amateur), Notting-hill, for Mrs. Shelley, Tournament, Perpetual Grand, Victory of Sussex, Raphael, Lord Howden, Prince of Wales, Standard of Perfection, Admiral Stopford, Albion, Bathonia, Phenomenon, Antagonist, Princess Royal,: Sir J. S. Richardson, Andrew Hofer, Competitor, Nonpareil, Springfield Rival, Queen of Roses, Aurantia, Essex Scarlet, and Ber- mondsey Bee. 5th Prize, Mr. Brown, Slough, for Queen of Roses, Perfect Grand, Phenome- non, Essex Triumph, Springfield Purple, Sir J. S. Richardson, Duchess of Richmond, Competitor, Nutwith, Twickenham Rival, Admiral Stopford, Rubens, Princess Royal, Raphael, Beauty of the Plain, Antagonist, Pickwick, Essex Champion, Sir R. Sale, Bermondsey Bee, President of the West, Beeswing, In- dispensable, and Springfield Rival. 6th Prize, Mr. Kimberly, Pimley, Coventry, for Perpetual Grand, Mrs, Shelley, Pickwick, Beeswing, Scarlet Eclipse, Duchess of Richmond, Essex Triumph, Andrew Hofer, Admiral Stopford, Cleopatra, Maria, Vivid, Optimus, Candi- date, Mare Antony, Blue Bonnet, Rembrandt, Bathonia, Princess Royal, Le Grand Baudoin, Standard of Perfection, Beauty of Pimley, Competitor, aud Orange Superb. 7th Prize, Mr. Gaines, Battersea, with Mrs. Shelley, Gloria Mundi, Cleopatra, Beeswing, Essex Primrose, Sir J. S. Richardson, Vivid, Mare Antony, Aurantia, Alphonso, Burnham Hero, Princess Royal, Albion, Dazzle, Bloomsbury, Rem- brandt, Duke of York, Antler, Countess of Zetland, Commodore, Phenomenon, Cheltenham Queen, Victory of Sussex, and Mary Ann, 8th Prize, Mr. Hoare, with Princess Royal, Pickwick, Mrs. Shelley, Duchess of Richmond, Marquis of Lansdowne, Catleugh’s Eclipse, Coronation, Sir J. S. Richardson, Beeswing, Essex Triumph, Victory of Sussex, Maria, Will Watch, Beauty of the Plain, President of the West, Aurantia, Phenomenon, Competitor, Lady Harland, Standard of Perfection, Cox’s Yellow Defiance, Bermondsey Bee, Nonpareil, and Rembrandt, Three other competitors. CLASS III. 12 Blooms: for Amateurs residing beyond five miles from London. 1st Prize, Mr. Howard, Burnham, for Victory of Sussex, Burnham Hero, Cleopatra, Standard of Perfection, Beeswing, Essex Triumph, Lady Cooper, penberel, Bermondsey Bee, Admiral Stopford, Aurantia, and Princess oyal, 2nd Prize, Mr. Hopkins, Brentford, for Nonpareil, Sir J. S, Richardson, (es tagonist, Cleopatra, Mrs, Shelley, Beeswing, Princess Royal, Standard of Per- fection, Essex Triumph, Rembrandt, and Aurantia, THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. 269 3rd Prize, Mr. Collison, Bath, for Lord Howden, Ophir, Cleopatra, Sir J. S. Richardson, Northern Beauty, Mrs. Shelley, Pickwick, Trafalgar, Nonpareil, Asmodeus, Beeswing, and Essex Triumph. 4th Prize, Mr. Weeks, Chelmsford, for Essex Bride, Antler, Essex Primrose, Beeswing, Cleopatra, Essex Triumph, Springfield Rival, Rembrandt, Bathonia, Nonpareil, Admiral Stopford, and Essex Champion. 5th Prize, Mr. Edwards, Hilperton, for Alice Hawthorn, Mrs. Shelley, Victory of Sussex, Cleopatra, Beeswing, Phenomenon, Burnham Hero, Trafalgar, Prince of Wales, Perpetual Grand, Lady Harland, and Essex Triumph. 6th Prize, Mr. Hore, for Widnall’s Princess Royal, Mrs. Shelley, Beeswing, Sir J. S. Richardson, Cleopatra, Standard of Perfection, Lady Harland, Ber- mondsey Bee, Aurantia, President of the West, Phenomenon, and Maria. 7th Prize, Mr. Weedon, Hillingdon, for Princess Royal, Beeswing, Cleopatra, Blue Bonnet, Mrs. Shelley, Phenomenon, Antagonist, Sir J. S. Richardson, Essex Triumph, Raphael, Widnall’s Queen, and Widnall’s Eclipse. 8th Prize, Mr. Humber, Southall, for Cleopatra, Mrs. Shelley, Royal, Bees- wing, Aurantia, Nonpareil, Raphael, Lady Harland, and Rembrandt. CLASS IV. 12 Blooms: for Amateurs, residing within five miles of London. Ist Prize, Mr. Cook, Notting-hill, for Victory of Sussex, Tournament, Anta- gonist, Mrs. Shelley, Lord Howden, Princess Royal, Perpetual Grand, Sir J. S. Richardson, Essex Triumph, Bathonia, Raphael, and Phenomenon. 2nd Prize, Mr. Proctor, Bermondsey, for Beeswing, Blue Bonnet, Victory of Sussex, Mrs. Shelley, Standard of Perfection, Princess Royal, Essex Triumph, Bridesmaid, Antagonist, President of the West, Nonpareil, and Queen of Roses. 3rd Prize, Mr. Cowan, Hampstead, with Aurantia, Beeswing, Cleopatra, Princess Royal, Admiral Stopford, Sir J. S, Richardson, Gloria Mundi, Essex Bride, Indispensable, Emperur of Whites, Nonpareil, and Standard of Per- fection. 4th Prize, Mr. Legg, Kingsland-road, for Sir J. S. Richardson, President of the West, Competitor, Lady Harland, Princess Royal, Standard of Perfection, Victory of Sussex, Aurantia, Nonpareil, Antagonist, Beeswing, and Pheno- menon, 5th Prize, Mr. Hunt, Paddington, with Princess Royal, Victory of Sussex, Prince of Wales, Mrs. Shelley, Standard of Perfection, Aurantia, Beeswing, Pickwick, Emperor of Whites, Paul Pry, Queen of Roses, and Nonpareii. 6th Prize, Mr. Edwards, Holloway, with Sir J. S. Richardson, Cleopatra, Vic- tory of Sussex, Aurantia, Lady St. Maur, Beeswing, Polka, Blue Bonnet, Virgil, Hudson’s Princess Royal, Standard of Perfection, and Lady Antrobus. 7th Prize, Mr. James, Stoke Newington, with Girling’s Prince of Wales, Cleopatra, Aurantia, Perpetual Grand, Antagonist, Beeswing, Hudson’s Princess Royal, Mrs. Shelley, Standard of Perfection, Essex Triumph, Dodd’s Prince of Wales, and Admiral Stopford. 8th Prize, Mr. Hatham, Haggerstone, with Mrs. Shelley, Victory of Sussex, Candidate, Eximia, Rival Yellow, Blue Bonnet, Mare Antony, Alice Haw- thorn, Virgil, Antagonist, Beeswing, and Admiral Stopford. Three other competitors. CLASS V. 6 Blooms of Flowers let out this year: for Amateurs only. Ist Prize, Mr. Howard, Burnham, with Cleopatra, Beeswing, Marchioness of Ormond, Red Rover, Junius, Gloria Mundi, Empress of the Whites. 2ud Prize, Mr. Ford, for Alice Hawthorn, Beeswing, Cleopatra, Essex Bride, Antler, (Keynes,) and Empress of the Whites. 3rd Prize, Mr. Collison, Bath, with Gloria Mundi, Cleopatra, Sphere, Cale- donia, Beeswing, and Lady Sale. 4th Prize, Mr. Cowan, Hampstead, with Gloria Mundi, Beeswing, Cleopatra, Essex Bride, Lady Sale, and Fulwood Hero. 270 CULTURE OF THE CHILIAN ALSTROEMERIA. 5th Prize, Mr. Fozzard, with Essex Bride, Cleopatra, Beeswing, Gloria Mundi, Emperor of the Whites, and Alice Hawthorn. 6th Prize, Mr. J. Edwards, Holloway, with Essex Primrose, Beeswing, Cleo- patra, Gloria Mundi, Essex Scarlet, and Sylph. Two other competitors. CLASS VI. VARIEGATED VARIETIES. 12 Blooms: open to all. Ist Prize, Mr. Girling, Stowmarket. with Vicomte Ressequier, Harlequin, Purpurea Alba, Superb, La Vouge, Madame Chauviere, Madame Wallner, Madame Beverche, Surprise, Monsieur Jane Wallner, Nouveau Protea, Zeitgeish, and Archduke Frederick. 2nd Prize, Mr. Gaines, Battersea, with Vicomte Ressequier, Madame Wall- ner, Harlequin, Oakley, Surprise, I!luminator, Alba Purpurea, Tricolor, ( Harri- son’s,) Maid of Lodi, Striata, Monsieur Wallner, Madame Schauenfield, and Queen of England. 2nd Prize, Mr. Bragg, Slough, with Vicomte Ressequier, Nihil, Harlequin, Miss Watson, Alba Purpurea, Superb, Madame Mortier Bavais, Striata, Sur- prise, Madame Millez, Louisa, Madame Chauviere, and Alba Purpurea. Three other competitors. ' CLASS VII. VARIEGATED VARIETIES, 6 Blooms: for Amateurs. 1st Prize, Mr. Ford, with Nihil, Oakley, Surprise, Harlequin, Miss Watson, Purpurea Alba, Superb, and Queen. : : ‘ 2nd Prize, Mr. Shepherd, with Archduke, Nihil, Madame Bavyais, Miss Wat- son, Oakley Surprise, and La Vogue. The eighth and ninth classes comprise Seedlings of 1844 and 1845, our notes upon which being copious, want of room obliges us to defer them until our next number. In addition to the Dahlias, some Fuchsias, Heartseases, and Ver- benas were exhibited, and several prizes awarded. ARTICLE III. CULTURE OF THE CHILIAN ALSTROEMERIA. BY MR. LOUIS VAN HOUTTE, OF GHENT. Nortnine whatever presents more ornament to our gardens, during a ereat portion of the year, than this beautiful production, whose flowers are at once so numerous and so splendid; and yet nothing can be more easy than its culture and multiplication. The thousand varied, but always charming tints, which tinge the corollas of these Alstroe- merias, present a difficulty in establishing a just horticultural nomen- clature for them, as, like their brilliant rivals the Calceolarias, they would defy on that point the most rigid examination. One may affirm without exaggeration that all are beautiful, and one may also infer that they will soon become as popular as the Wallflower, the Mignonette, the Carnation, &c.; in fact, cut for nosegays, to grace CULTURE OF THE CHILIAN ALSTROEMERTA. 271 the various apartments of the house, no other flowers can be compared with them. The length, thickness, and number of their fascicled roots hinder them from flourishing under pot-culture ; they succeed best in the open ground, in the free air, which, if subjected to the following treatment, they can brave with impunity. A bed is dug about 14 inches deep, in length and breadth proportioned to the number of roots required to be planted, at a foot apart from heel to heel; the bottom of the trench must be filled with rubble of potsherds, frag- ments of bricks, tiles, &c., in order to permit a prompt and easy drainage. It is then filled with a rich compost, formed of one-third fresh loam, one-third sandy bog earth, and one-third spit dung, and some such strong manure as guano may be added, in the proportion of one-thirtieth of the whole mass. The whole is to be mixed well to- gether, and left in heaps about two months before making use of it. Each rhizome is planted in the month of October, taking care that its growing point is 10 inches below the surface of the soil. On the frost becoming severe, the bed is covered with a frame-work, and sur- rounded by muck; the air being abundantly admitted whenever the thermometer may not be below 32° Fahr. We have, however, known the cold to descend to 25°, and the roots not to be injured thereby. As long as the severe frost lasts, the frame is covered with litter or straw, which is removed at all times when the plants can enjoy the benefit of the sun’s rays. So soon as the cold is no longer to be dreaded, the above protections are removed, and the plants whose shoots are already apparent, are left perfectly free to all atmospheric influences, and finally treated like other perennials. They must be very sparingly watered during the ripening of the seeds, and should great rains follow after the seeds are gathered, they must be protected by the frames to prevent the rot. The roots are to be taken up towards the end of July, the rhizomas cleaned and separated ; after- wards they may be left exposed on shelves in a very airy dry place, until the moment of replanting. The splendid collection of Alstroemerias which the abovenamed gentleman possesses has been spoken of this year by several eminent floriculturists of this country, who saw them in bloom. 272 OBSERVATIONS UPON THUNBERGIA (?) FASTUOSA. ARTICLE IV. OBSERVATIONS UPON THUNBERGIA (?) FASTUOSA, BY CH. J. OF MR. VAN HOUTTE’S NURSERY, GHENT. Tue inconvenience is vexatiously felt by most amateurs of being under the necessity of shading those plants which remain under glass during the summer season ; their protections being mostly unsightly, formed of clownish and nasty canvass, laths, mats, &c. To avoid the disagreeable effect of such protections, the loss of time resulting from their arrangement in the morning and removing them in the evening, various climbers are planted to protect the plants under them from the sun, by the interlacing of their long leafy branches. But no plant has, up to the present time, answered the above ob- ject; the Passion-flowers, the Bignonias, &c., grow slowly enough, or even languish ; and besides too long a lapse of time (several years) would pass over, before the green or hot-houses would be properly furnished, or their branches be capable of casting the necessary shade. At this moment the problem is completely resolved by experience. A plant recently introduced from Mexico amply suffices for all the exigencies of amateurs. Its vegetation is of such extraordinary luxuriance that in a few months only (six or seven), its branches attain a length of more than 30 feet, without counting numerous side shoots, which reach nearly the same extension, The diameter of its leaves is more than six or eight inches, and they garnish the whole length of the shoots. Sucha plant, put in full ground, in a corner of an ordinary hothouse, will easily cover all glazed surface in less than a year, and save the amateur from having to employ other means to protect his plants against the devouring influence of the sun’s rays. Even during this first year pruning will be often necessary, in order to diminish the obscurity produced by the multiplicity of intermingled branches and of large leaves of our Thunbergia. These few words will suffice to make the utility of the new plant we announce understood. We must say a word of the beauty of its habitus. At this point of view, it fears little rivalry. Its cylindric branches, hollow within, as thick as a finger, are very glabrous, smooth, of a deep purple, very finely spotted with green. Its leaves are oppo- ee ee REMARKS ON THE PANKE. 2173 site, very ample, smooth, emarginate-cordiform, ovate, obliquely acu- minate, five-nerved, denticulated-mucronate at the edges; both sides covered with numerous stomata. The nervation is finely reticulated. The young leaves are of a dark red, and appear pubescent; the petioles (young) form a sort of ring around the branch, and are abruptly de- fixed behind, as well as the buds contained in their axil. The shoots, freshly cut, shed a grave smell, indicating some quality, which it would be interesting to study, as being perhaps pharmaceutic. We have not yet seen it in flower,’ and cannot therefore affirm that it really belongs to the genus Thunbergia, of which, however, it cer- tainly presents all the habitus. The fury of its vegetation has, without doubt, prevented it, up to the present time, from producing this agreeable result, which one must hope will be obtained by judicious pruning. As soon as we have seen these flowers, we shall hasten to have them figured, and to describe them conveniently. In the mean time, we can confidently recommend this being planted both in the hot or the greenhouse (indifferently) ; it will perfectly answer the purpose of which we have spoken. ARTICLE V. REMARKS ON THE PANKE. (GUNNERA SCABRA). BY CH. J. OF MR. VAN HOUTTE’S NURSERY, GHENT. Wuen from the commencement of the 18th century, father Feuillde proclaimed the pharmaceutic, culinary, and economic qualities of a plant, the Panke, of which the Chilians made advantageous use under all these three points of view, he could not have imagined that — his voice would not be heard, that his efforts would rest powerless. Is that not eventually the fate of all who have endeavoured to bless their fellow men with any useful invention? Was Solomon De Caux believed, James Watt, Fulton, and even Parmentier himself, the dis- coverer of the potatoe ! At length, more than 100 years ago since that voice was extinct which announced to Europeans the utility of the Chilian plant, thanks to the generous efforts of one of the principal horticulturists of the Continent, the Panke is finally introduced into Europe, and society may in future reap the same advantages from it as do the Chilians themselves. 274 REMARKS ON THE PANKE, The Panke (Gunnera Chilensis or scabra Auct.), though stemless, acquires very great dimensions. Its facies is that of a Rheum, with a more considerable development. No other plant is more proper to adorn the landscape or large flower-gardens. From a very thick round rhizoma, formed with persistent vestiges of the old leaves, rise cylindric petioles embracing and dilated at the base, nearly the size of a child’s arm, 1 or 14 metre long, ordinarily purple, covered with short conic and herbaceous prickles. The foli- aceous limb is not less than a metre in diameter, and palmatifid, five-lobed, five-nerved ; each nerve is ‘doubly dichotomous, each lobe bilobulate, with slightly acumimated coarsely duplicidentate segments. These two pages are scabrous, covered with scarce hairs, and, below particularly, along the nervures, the same prickles as on the petioles. The young leaves, before their entire development, are of beautiful reddish purple,.which slowly disappears as they grow older. The floral scapes, hardly 35 to 40 centimetres high, are pyramidal and covered from half tosummit with hermaphrodite flowers, which are sessile and little remarkable in themselves, but, however, of a pretty good effect by their mode of insertion. The Gunnera scabra grows in humid places, in Peru and Chili ; and according to travellers it is very refreshing. The natives drinka decoction of its leaves for that purpose; they also eat the thick pe- tioles raw or cooked, after having pealed off the bark. Dyers cut the roots in little pieces, boil them, and thence extract a beautiful and solid black colour. Tanners soak their leathers in a water saturated with its juice, which thus acquire a thickness and phancy that no other procedure would or can give it. If one takes into consideration that the temperature of Chili and Peru is nearly identical with that of the climates of the centre and of the south of Europe, it is not unreasonable to suppose that the Gun- nera scabra may easily be acclimated, and produce high results here. It is with this view that we publish this note; let us hope that both medicine and domestic economy may draw some advantage from it. eee ee ON GRAFTING AND STRIKING CUTTINGS OF THE ROSE. 275 ARTICLE VI. ON GRAFTING AND STRIKING CUTTINGS OF THE ROSE. BY SENEX. I Bec to forward, for insertion in the Caninet, a few remarks which have come under my notice, and a practice in Germany respecting grafting the varieties of Roses, but more particularly the Rosa odorata, or tea-scented. As this system is something different from what is described in the fifth volume of the Castner, I thought it probably might be interesting to some portion of the readers of your useful Magazine. As this season of the year affords an opportunity and comfortable employment to those who are fond of experiments, and possess a few choice kinds of Roses, and are desirous of increasing their collection, but who may not be acquainted with this method, I will briefly state how it may be done. I should first state, however, that at this season of the year the system cannot be well performed by any but those who are in possession of a stove or vinery at work, nor even by them if they have not some of the commoner kinds of roses in pots to work the rarer sorts upon. The first thing to be successful in this operation is to cause a quantity, as may be required, of suckers or layers of the purple Noisette, Boursault, China, or common Dog Rose, to be potted the previous winter or spring ; let the pots be plunged in the earth in the open garden, watered when required, and all side shoots removed from the stems through the summer. In November, or before Christmas, the pots may be taken up and cleaned, the stocks headed dewn from twelve to thirty inches, as best suits the taste of the operator. They may then be placed under a greenhouse stage, shed, or frame, not in use, and be introduced to a warmer temperature for working when required. When prepared with cuttings of those sorts of Roses desired, which should be the growth of the previous year, some thin strips of matting, a little grafting wax, &c., and the stocks having been excited for ten days in a vinery or stove, the ope- ration may be commenced, After placing a seat im a convenient part of the house, take the cuttings and, with a sharp knife, cut the scions to proper, lengths, viz., two or three inches, according to the distance betwixt the buds, cutting them through at equal distances be- tween the buds. When the sap in the stocks has begun to flow, which 26 ON GRAFTING AND STRIKING CUTTINGS OF THE ROSE. will be seen on removing a portion of the bark at the top, the scions may be inserted by cutting a slit about one inch long in the bark of the stock, commencing a few inches from the top, and then cutting horizontally across the top of the first incision, open the bark with a budding-knife, and pare on one side of the scion opposite the bud and about one inch below, to the form of a wedge, leaving the bark on the opposite side entire. After inserting the scion under the bark of the stock, tie round with a little matting, and cover the part with a mix- ture of pitch and bees-wax, and the work is complete. When the stocks are large, two or more scions may be inserted. The upper part of the scions, as well as the stocks, are left until the plants are established, which is generally in a few weeks, if the operation is rightly performed, when they are cut clean off, by allowing one or two inches of wood to remain on the scion above the bud, as well as a few inches on the stock above the grafted part. Chance of success is almost certain. To those who are interested in this art, and pos- sessing the means, they may find the practice of the above method a very interesting employment during the severe weather of winter, besides furnishing their greenhouse stages with this lovely flower the ensuing season. It may not be generally known that cuttings of Rosa odorata, and its numerous varieties, are much readier rooted in water than by any other method. When an increase of bushy plants are required, in the spring take off cuttings, place six or eight in a pot of water, having previously tied some paper over the top; the paper cover must have a proper number of small holes around the inside of the rim of the pot for the ends of the cuttings to be passed through, and a larger hole in the centre of the cover in order to supply water there. when the cuttings are thus fixed, plunge the pot to the rim in a hot- bed and shade from hot sun. In three weeks the cuttings may be planted out on a slight hot-bed in a sandy soil, at nine inches apart, watered, and shaded by means of whitewashing the glass at the under side of the sashes, and admitting air throughout the day. Inautumn the plants may be potted, and will form neat specimens for flowering the following season. ON THE CULTURE OF INDIAN (GREENHOUSE) AZALEAS. 277 ARTICLE VII. ON THE CULTURE OF INDIAN (GREENHOUSE) AZALEAS. By A LONDON EXHIBITOR. Tue splendid specimens which are exhibited in, and around London, of the Azalea indica, being much superior to any I have seen at the country shows, induces me to send the particulars of culture. As soon as the plants have done flowering, if shifting is necessary, prepare some compost mould for them in the following proportions : two-thirds bog earth, one-third well decomposed tree-leaf mould, and one-twelfth sharp silver sand: they must not be sifted, but well chopped and broken with the spade; any lumps remaining may be broken with the hand. Having a pot a size larger than the one the plant to be shifted has been growing in, and washed clean inside and out, then proceed to pot the plant, taking care the drainage is well attended to, for upon this depends in a very great measure the success of the plant. In potting, I think it an advantage to place the centre of the ball rather lower than the mould at the outside of the pot, and form as it were a little basin inside, as by this means the whole mass of roots is benefited by the water given from time to time; and if the drainage is effectually performed, the water will pass through as freely and quickly as when the plant is potted high in the pot. The plants being potted, place them in the stove, where attention must be paid to watering when necessary. They will be very much benefited by being syringed all over at least once a day; and in sunny days they will require to be syringed three or four times each day. With this treatment they will grow amazingly, and in the course of six or eight weeks will have made shoots from three to nine inches in length. They must be kept in the stove till the flower-buds for the ensuing year have attained the size of a small pea, which can easily be ascertained by feeling the ends of the shoots ; they should then be placed in the greenhouse for ten days or a fortnight to harden, when, if the weather is suitable, they may be placed out of doors in a cool airy situation, till the time for taking in the general stock of green- house plants. Where the plants have bloomed so profusely as almost to exhaust them, tie some moss round the principal stems, and keep it con- stantly moist; this will cause them to break regularly and grow freely. 278 ; ON RAISING MIGNONETTE FROM CUTTINGS. Where there is not the converiience of a stove, I would recommend that the plants be kept in the greenhouse till the buds are well set; and should this happen so late that there are but two or three weeks for them to have the advantage of the open air, still setting them out will be found higlily serviceable. If the foregoing particulars are attended to, the evil spoken of at page 215 of the sixth volume of the Frorrcutruran Casiver will be of very rare occurrence, for the roots are emitted in such abun- dance as completely to fill the pots; and instead of being liable‘to perish from over-watering, it will be alraost impossible to give them enough, the close mass of thirsty roots absorbing an almost incredible quantity of moisture. Treated as above described, all the species and varieties of this splendid tribe will answer the most sanguine wishes and expectations of the cultivator; and I think it is impos- sible to bloom some of the sorts properly, as Phoenicea, Smithii, and others, under any other mode of treatment :—instead of producing here and there a flower, as is commonly the case, the Pheenicea will be one entire mass of bloom, expanding its brilliant purple flowers from two and a half to three inches across, and commanding the admiration of all who behold it. Where it is required, and the stock of plants is sufficient, the blooming season may be protracted from September till June. ARTICLE VIII. ON RAISING MIGNONETTE FROM CUTTINGS, BY A PRACTICAL LADY AMATEUR, Beine very short of Mignonette this year, though I had sown a quantity, IT was induced this July to try the experiment of a few cuttings in transplanting, from the border to some boxes. I have had the pleasure to see the cuttings thrive equally as well as the plants with roots. The Mignonette was sown in an open border, and the boxes the cuttings were put into were at a window with a north aspect. As soon as the state of the ground will allow of it, I purpose to repeat the experiment in the open border. — ee ee ee ee ee ee REMARKS ON CLIANTHUS PUNICEUS. 279 ARTICLE IX, REMARKS ON CLIANTHUS PUNICEUS, GROWN AS A STANDARD PLANT. 5 BY A FLOWER GARDENER, Tae Clianthus Puniceus is well worthy of a place in every collection, both for its beautiful foliage and pendant racemes of red flowers. When grown as a standard, it far surpasses in beauty and elegance any plant I have seen of its kind: I shall mention a few words regarding its culture as a standard. Select cuttings -from a plant about the beginning of May or June; the cuttings should not exceed four inches in length, and taken from the same year’s growth; recol- lect that the extremity or point of the cuttings must not be pinched off. After making the cuttings, allow them to remain for a day or two before potting, to dry some of the superabundant moisture from them, which is an advantage gained by the cuttings rooting two days sooner. A 32-sized pot should be filled with white sand, and the cuttings inserted therein to the depth of two or more inches; they will strike readily in a heat of '70 or 75 degrees ; if they are covered with a bell-glass the strike will be more successful. After struck, they should be potted off separately, in thumbs or small sixties, amongst a compost of sand, leaf, loam, with a little well-decomposed cow-dung, all well incorporated together. When potted, they should be placed in a bottom heat till they have matured roots enough to support themselves. Then they should be removed to a more airy situation, either to a greenhouse or conservatory, and great care and attention must be paid to the repotting and watering, for without the plants will soon form a sickly, stinted appearance. To make good standards, all side-shoots must be pinched off as soon as they appear, training the plant up with a clear stem to the necessary height required. Then, after they have attained the required height, the tops should be pinched off; and that causes them to throw out laterals, and these laterals again stopped, make them still to throw out the more, till at last the plants attain a most luxuriant head, richly decorated with thick but dense pale green foliage. Whén treated after the method that I have laid down above, then planted out in a conservatory, amongst good rich mould, one-half fresh loam, one quarter leaf mould, and one-quarter decomposed cow-dung, along 280 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. with a little vegetable mould and sand; all these to be well incor- porated together, and a pit made for the reception of the plants, three feet square by two and a half deep, filling it up with the above com- posts ; then insert the plant, putting it about an inch deeper than it was in the pot; then there should be a stake of durable wood pro- cured to fasten it to. When planted out, it grows more luxuriant than in pots, and has always a more healthy appearance. When in flower, what can surpass it? The bunches of pale red flowers hanging the one upon the other, out of a dense thicket, as it may be termed. PART II. LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. Cauuianpra Twerpier. Mr. Twerpre’s. (Bot. Mag. 4188.) Leguminose. Monadelphia Polyandria. This is a very beautiful flowering Mimose-like plant ; it is a native of South Brazil, where it was found by Mr. Sellow. Mr. Jennings, gardener to the Earl of Derby, at Knowsley Park, raised plants of it from seeds, where it has also bloomed, as well as at the Royal Gardens at Kew. It requires to be grown in a moist stove temperature. In its native country it grows toa small tree in good soil ; but in the mountainous places a lowshrub. The foliage is of the beautiful Mimose form. The flowers are produced in heads of about twenty ineach. The fine crimson-red filaments give a very pretty appearance, much like those of the Inga pulcherrima. TacsoniA MoLLIssima. Downy-LeaveD. (Bot. Mag. 4187.) Passifloree. Monadelphia Pentandria. A native of New Grenada, yet growing at a height of 10,000 feet above the level of the sea. Mr. Lobb sent seeds of it to Messrs. Veitch, of Exeter Nursery, where it has been raised. It blooms freely in a cool greenhouse, and it is very likely to bloom well in the open air in Devonshire, trained against a good aspected wall. As a conservatory climber it is very beau- tiful. The flower has a tube five inches long, green. The petals are of a beautiful rose colour. Each flower about four inches across. FRANCISCEA ACUMINATA. ACUMINATED-LEAVED. (Bot. Mag. 4189.) Scro- phularine. Didynamia Angiospermia. A shrubby plant, a native of Brazil, received into this country by the name of F. Pohliana. It is a very handsome stove plant. The flowers are about the size of F. Hopeana, produced in terminal clusters on short branches. The corolla is of a rich deep purple, having a white ring around the eye of the tube ; as the flowers become older, they become of a pale purple. It is a very pretty species. ScHOMBURGKIA UNDULATA. WaAvy-FLowERED. (Bot. Reg.53.) Orchidacez. Gynandria Monandria. Discovered by Mr. Linden in New Granada. The flowers are produced in a head of about twenty in each. The sepals and petals are a chocolate-brown colour. The labellum is a bright rosy crimson, Each flower is two inches and a-half across. HasRaNTHUS CONCOLOR. WHOoLE-coLourED. (Bot. Reg. 54.) Amarylli- dacee. Hexandria Monogynia. Mr. Hartweg found it in pastures near the city of Leon in Mexico. The flowers are a pale green, each heiug about three inches long and nearly as much across. It flourishes either in the greenhouse or cold frame. GonGorA TRUNCATA. BEaN-BuDpED. (Bot. Reg. 56.) From Mexico, and is in the collection of S. Rucker, Esq., of Wandsworth. Sepals and petals a MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 281 cream colour, brown, and green, with small streaks of rose. Lip yellow, with white tip. Each blossom is about an inch and a-half across, They are nu- merously produced in large panicles. Botpoa rracrans. Swert-scenrep. (Bot. Reg. 57.) Monomiacer. Gy- nandria Monandria. A greenhouse shrub from Chili, where it is much valued. The aromatic fruit is eaten by the natives. It is about as large as ahaw. It there grows to a tree about ten yards high. The foliage and flowers are highly aromatic. The blossoms are of a pale greenish white, in smallish terminal panicles, and about half an inch across. It is in the collection at the garden of the London Horticultural Society. AERIpEs macuLosum. Sporrep Arr-PLAnT. (Bot. Reg. 58.) Orchidacez. ' Gynandria Monandria. The flowers are produced in dense panicles. Hach flower is about an inch across, petals and sepals flesh colour, spotted with dark crimson. Lipa rose crimson, having a broad margin of flesh colour. Itisa very beautiful species, growing in Messrs. Rollisson’s collection at Tooting. Obonrociossum Cervantesit. Cervantes’ Toorn-roneur. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Orchidaceez. Gynandria Monandria. Messrs. Loddiges received it from Oaxaca. The flowers are white, with a pink-coloured margin. A portion of the lower part of each petal is streaked with black, giving the flower a dark circular eye. A separate blossom is nearly three inches across. Lip is very small bright golden yellow, marked with crimson. Sprrea Doverassu. Mr. Doveias's Sprrza. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Spirzacea. Icosandria Di-Pentagynia. It was first discovered by the late Mr. Douglas on the north-west coast of America, about Columbia, but was not sent to this country by him. Dr. Tolmie sent some seeds, which he gathered at Fort Van- couver, to the Glasgow Botanic Garden, where the plant has bloomed. It forms a handsome shrub, much like the well-known S. tomentosa, rising to about four feet high. The flowers are produced in crowded panicled spikes, of a beau- tiful rosy lilac. It blooms from June to November, and well merits a place in the shrubbery. Mussznpa MAcroruynna. Tue Broap-Leavep. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Cin- chonacea. Pentandria Monogynia. From Nepal. An evergreen, upright spreading shrub, growing in the conservatory to about six feet high. It flou- Tishes with a similar treatment to Luculia gratissima. The flowers are produced in terminal corymbous heads. Each blossom has a tube about an inch and a half long, green; calyx green; petals five, of a rich orange-red colour. The flower is about three-quarters of an inch across. PART III. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. QUERIES. On a List or Petarconrums, &c.—You will greatly oblige several of your original subscribers in this neighbourhood by giving a list of a few of the best new Pelargoniums and Calceolarias ; 1 mean such kinds only that if added to our collections will be really acquisitions. Sheffield, June 2, 1845. Ferix. We recommend our querists to peruse the accounts as they will appear in the Caniner of the Metropolitan Exhibitions, and in them from time to time will be’ found the names of all the flowers in prize collections ; in the mean time the following may safely be added :— _ Pelargoniums.—Achilles, Ackbar, Roulette (Garth), Zanzummin (Beck), Mabel, Favorita (Beck), Duke of Cornwall (Lyne), Sir R. Peel (Foster), Pul- chellum (Foster), Neptune, Hermione, Coquette, Albert Prince of Wales, Oberon, Mojub, Princeps, Mrs. Sterling, Alice Gray, Bella (Beck) ; and amongst the Vou. XIII. No. 153, Z 282 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. new ones coming out for the first time next spring we recommend Aurora (Beck) Desdemona (Beck), Othello (Beck), Mustee (Beck), Arabella (Beck), Sunset, Heidos (Hoyle), Standard of Perfection (Grady), Miss Halford (Gaines), Rosy Circle (Beck), Emperor Nicholas, Merry Monarch (Staines), Prince Alfred (Gaines), Vesta (Gaines), Formosissima (Gaines), and Phantom (Gaines). Calceolarias.—Prince Albert (Green), Jamie Forrest, Lady Constable, Magi- cian, King of Saxony, Mary Queen of Scots, General Robertson, Emperor of Russia, Lady Vernon (Holmes), Prince Alfred, Lady Ann Charteris, Rosea grandiflora; and of the kinds coming out next spring, Lacerata (Garrod), Madonna (Gaines), Louis Philippe (Gaines), Novelty (Gaines), No. 318 (Gaines), Climax (Gaines), London Rival (Holmes), and Emperor (Standish). ON uyprip perreruan Rosrs.—A Beginner will te obliged by having a list of twelve of the best Perpetual Roses, dwarfs, for a small flower garden. Clementine Duval; bright rose, brilliant. Due d’Aumale; bright pink, fine. Duchess of Sutherland (Laffy); bright rose, rnottled. Madame Laffy ; brilliant rosy-crimson, superb. Rivers (Laffy’s); red, tinged with lilac, superb. William Jesse; light ciimson, lilac tinge, beautiful. Aubornon; brilliant crimson, superb, very fragrant, Clementine Seringe; beautiful rose, very fragrant, Comte d’Eu; crimson-scailet, very brilliant, Dr. Marjolin ; deep carmine, superb. Mrs. Elliott; light lilac-crimson, fine. Reine ce la Guillotiere; brilliant crimson, very superb. : The above are splendid in flower, and bloom from the beginning of June till November, deserving a place wherever fine Roses are desired at the time speci- fied.—Connucror,. REMARKS. On GtaAss Anv Grazina.—The following remarks on the above-named subjects, by the editor of the ‘Gardeners’ Chronicle,” I extract from that paper, and should be glad of their insertion in the November Caxziner; it will be useful to persons about to construct houses the coming winter. A. Glass.—If * A Country Gentleman” or “ F.G. H.”’ will be so good as to con- sult our advertising columus, they will see that the dealers in foreign glass are Mr. Elphick and Mr. Rahn. He should apply tothem. We are sure that his gardener will be glad to learn the use of the diamond, and to be his own glazier in small matters, until the glazier by trade shall come to his senses. The attempt, on the part of the country glaziers and others, to charge the old prices for glass is a most impudent attempt at extortion, and should be effectually put a stop to. They are of opinion that country gentlemen are helpless. As to “ F. G. H.” being puzzled with glass-cutters’ figures, we are not surprised at it; the figures are well suited to puzzle anybody ; but we cannot occupy more time in exposing that system. The foreign glass trade has nothing to do with such devices, and does not dream of charging more and more for any few inches of additional size ; that ‘is a mere glass-cutters’ trick, which we long ago exposed, to the infinite annoyance of our glass-cutting friends.—* J. M.” Good foreign sheet-glass is not more blistered than other sheet-glass, all of which has some defects, unless of very superior quality, and it is quite good enough for all common glazing purposes. There is, however, a good deal of difference in the quality of foreign glass, and some is said to be very bad; but we have not seen any such. If you want glass as true as plate-glass, then you must go to the home market, and pay English prices. As to the price of English glass, that depends upon your skill as a buyer. In your purchase go to the glass makers themselves, and not glass cutters and retail dealers ; if you cannot make a good bargain with the sellers, why go without their material, which will be much cheaper by another season. MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE, " 283 The larger your squares the better they will look; but it is not safe to employ squares wider than a foot if your sashes are to be lifted about, for they will be apt to wring and break the panes.—‘ T, H.” The statement which you have investigated was not curs, but that of a correspondent. You see that the state- ment is true, although we were mistaken in the inference we drew from it. You also see what the glass trade is. If the manufacturers are so ill-advised as to persevere in playing into the hands of glass cutters and dealers, who are their worst enemies, it is of no consequence to anybody but themselyes. We can pro- cure foreign ylass of as good quality as theirs without any trouble, and they may say farewell, along farewell, to their trade, which is already moving rapidly to the Elbe and the Scheldt. Glazing —“F.P.” We feel your difficulty. Buy and cut your glass, and give your glazier 14d. a foot for putting it in, he finding putty, and leaving it in a workmanlike state: and if he will not, buy putty and do it yourself, Do not be imposed upon by the country glaziers. The allowance is ample. Prorrrtirs oF THE CARNATION AND PicoTEr, as now universally recognised among the first cultivators of the day, and at the principal floral societies :— Carnation.—General Form and Size.—Ronnd outline as seen in front, formed by the guard petals, and those having perfectly smooth edges; half round as looked at in profile, formed by a regularly rising face and crown, The perfvc- tion of size two and a-half to three inches. - Texture.—Thickness of petals and richness of surface are absolutely necessary to secure the advantage of whichever colour may be present. Colour and Character.—Ground pure white ; every spot, or shade, or stain is a blemish. Stripes to be broad, whole, and well defined at the edges, and, whatever shade they may be, dense and perfect throughout. In bizarres, the whole ‘of the light and dark to be equal in width and quantity. In flakes, twice as much colour as white, and in complete stripes. Symmetry.—The petals should be slightly cupped, as it gives great strength and reflects the colour, and Jay in well-arranged circular tiers, one row above another, and each petal covering the place where the lower petals meet. Each row should be sufficiently shorter than the under one to expose a good portion of the surface, and form the half ball. Not less than nineteen petals will do this properly, supposing them even wide enough to make five form each row or circle. Picotee—Form, Texture, Size, and Symmetry.—The same as the Carnation. Colour and Character.—The colour should be whole at the outer ecges, and whether heavy or light—that is, broad or narrow—form a delicate feather on the inner edge. ‘The ground pure white, any spot, or bar, or stain, or shade, except the edging, being a decided blemish. Hyacrnrus in Grasses.—When water is to be renewed always have it about new milk warm when put in the glass. The application of cold water damages the tender roots, and causes the tips to rot. Fiona. Scate.—The following is a sure, simple, and easy method of cleaning plants infected with scale: Take a handful of gum arabic, aud dissolve it in as much - water as will thicken it to the consistency of oil; then take a small painter's brush (if a new one so much the better) and commence at the top of the plant, and paint both leaves and stem, with the dissolved gum, down to the soil. The plant may then be removed to its proper place for a week or two, at the expira- tion of that time it must be taken and washed with soft water, using a sponge, or, what is still better, an old tooth-brush, to remove the gum that may adhere to the plant; after the washing is finished, if carefully done, the plant will be completely cleansed from scale. I have done plants so infected, that I never had any hopes of ever cleaning them, and now there is not a scale to be found upon them, and the plants haye a fine bright glossy appearance. Leeds. F.G. A. Zz 2 284 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. On tue DovsLe Rep Frowsrep Curranr, &c.—As you desire information on the subject of new plants, and as I have not observed anything on the following in the Castner, I forward the particulars of them for insertion in the next number. The Double Red Currant.—I observed mention made of a semi-double Currant in the “ Gardeners’ Chronicle” some time since, and, happening to mention this to a nurseryman in Scotland, he gave me the following particulars :— Mr. M‘Nab, of the Edinburgh Botanical Gardens, having gone to see some garden in the neighbourhood, was asked by the gardener to look at a curious currant, which he discovered growing among some rubbish; upon examination, Mr. M‘Nab found this to be a double flowering Red Currant, and immediately asked for plants of it.’ This currant is perfectly double, and a size larger than the common red flowering one (Ribes sanguinea). I believe Mr. M‘Nab was selling plants this spring at 10s. 6d. each. New Nemornita.—When I was at Kenmore this summer, Mr. Murray, gardener to the Marquis of showed me a pure white Nemophila which he had raised ; it was a variety of N. insignis, but rather larger. When in Scotland I observed several Pansies that I thought particularly fine, which are not in the English catalogues ; among them were Finlayson’s Laird o? Logan ; a white ground, blue purple top petals, and a broad blue margin; eye very dark and rich; size, shape, and substance, extra. Also, Campbell’s Rob Roy; a white ground, blue top petals. and middle-sized margin, which is very regular; extra eye, shape, size, and substance. This, by some, was considered the best pansy in Scotland at the time. A few others are Campbell’s Prince Charlie, Carnagie’s Queen of the Isles, Lady Lorn, and Pearson's Prince Albert, a bright yellow ground, maroon purple top petals, and regular margin; eye, size, and shape, extra. Ballykilbeg House, Downpatrick. Wituiam Jounston. | [ We very respectfully thank our correspondent fer the descriptive remarks on the particular flowers ; we shall be glad of more. We hope other readers of our Magazine will also assist us in this respect.—Conpucror. | A Lisr or Auricunas.——In a recent Number of the Caniner, I uoticed a correspondent asks for a list of some of the best Auriculas of each class, the following I know to be of first rate quality. Green Edged. Dickson’s Matilda. | Smith's Waterloo. Page’s Champion. Hudson's Apollo. Lee’s Colonel Taylor. Dickson’s Earl of Errol. Booth’s Freedom. Dick:on’s Duke of Wellington. Pollett’s Highland Boy. Dickson’s Prince Albert. Stretche’s Emperor Alexander. Lightbody’s Lord Lynedoch. Grey Edged. Fletcher’s Ne plus ultra. Hedge’s Britannia. Waterhouse’s Conqueror of Europe. Gaines’s Privateer. Dickson’s Unique. Maclean’s Unique. Oliver’s Lovely Anne. Fletcher’s Mary Anne. Kenyon’s Ringleader. Dickson’s Duke of Sussex, Syke’s Complete. White Edged. Taylor’s Glory. | Popplewell’s Conqueror, Taylor’s Incomparable. | Thorpe’s Magpie. Self Coloured. Redman’s Metropolitan. | Dickson’s Apollo. Netherwood’s Othello. | Bury’s Lord Primate. = $ ak MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 285 Own Crimping Roszs surreD vor SHADY sIruATions.=In reply to Mrs. M—le, the following will succeed admirably where no other kinds will long exist. They . can be had at from 6d. to 1s, each. . Alice Gray . . fine creamy salmon blush, : Countess of Lieven shaded white, cupped. Dundee Rambler Myrrh-scented . ; j Queen of the Belgians Rose Angle c : Ruga. ° Ss Splendens : Variegated . is a selection of the best. A Feuilles d’agathe — luisautes pourpres Alice Leroy . Angelique ° — Asepala . . Blush (new) . Brilliant (Lee’s) Celina . Charlotte Defor Common . Crimson, or Damask . De Colmar. De Metz. . De Vieillaid . Diane de Colmar. Ecarlate . : . Eclatante 5 Emperor. Giobuleuse . Grandiflora - Heléne Maugét Hooker’s Blush Hortensia Josephine Juliana . - Langel « Lanzezeur Le Vésuve Louise Colét Malvina . Marbrée . Maugét . . emt *” so ef t ere Mrs. Wood j Nivea. Oscar Foulard - Panaché pleine Picciola . . . . Comtesse de Mt rinais De la Fleche, or Scarlet Ferrugineuse plena nova ~ Perpétuelle (Mangét) Pompone, or De Meaux . Bg Oe CR OS see oe, Mottled (Peacocks’) or 1 Proliftres Mousseuse partout, or Zoe . presque partout white, with pink edge. fine creamy blush, very peculiar scent. pure white, cupped and double. fine creamy pink, highly scented. large pale flesh, very fragrant. shaded white, globular and very double. single white, with variegated foliage. The kinds of Moss Roses have recently been much improved. The fullowing pale flesh, in large clusters. rosy blush, very double. fine dark red. light rosy pink, fine. deep rose. pale rose, curious. pale blush, very fine. bright pink, brilliant crimson, splendid. bright rose. large rose. white, in large clusters, bright carmine, fine. fine purplish crimson. deep rose colour. delicate rose, very double. fine bright rose. brilliant rose, cupped. vivid red. fine light crimson shaded, fine veined rose, large. bright rose. blush, with rosy centre. fine reddish lilac. lake, superb. rosy pink, semi-double. fine crimson, very mossy. deep rose, striped with lilac. crimson, shaded with purple. pale rose, cupped. fine rosy lilac, slightly spotted. marbled rose. superb bright red. fire rose rose, leaves mossy. fine rose, leaves partially mossed, bright purplish crimson. pure white. fine dark crimson. French white with rosy stripes, deep rosy crimson. rosy flesh colour. pale blush, very pretty. 286 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. small deep purplish crimson, bright pink, spotted. purplish crimson. fine deep rose. delicate rose, flowering in large clusters splendid. dark purplish crimson, Pompone feu « e Ponctué nouvelle P Pourpre de Laffay . Précocge . . . Princesse Adelaide . Princess Royal Prolific « e . fine rose, large. Renoncule pourpre . maroon purple. Rouge Foncé . . deep red. Rosinelia : . purplish crimson. Rouge du Luxembourg deep crimson. Sage-leaved . Sanguine .. Single (Rivers’) Lilac . . bright rose colour. : superb dark crimson. . bright single crimson, e distinct, curious. ° fine pink, large. ° carmine, spotted. . pale flesh colour. : large, pure white, fine. . light crimson, very double. . large, deep pink. ° fine white, sometimes striped. e very fine flesh colour, nearly white. Splendens . . Spotted, or ponctué . Striped, or panaché . Unique de Provence . Velour pourpre ° Vimorin . . . White Bath. . French , : On Buppine RuopopeNpRoNs.—In order to insure success, August or Sep- tember is the best time for budding or grafting Rhododendrons in the open air. This plant, being thin-rinded, does best by side-grafting, and buds of it had also better be inserted after the manner of side-grafting, with a portion of the soft wood retained behind the bud. (See Article in a recent Number.) LacnEenartas.—The very beautiful Lachenalias are plants that well deserve to be grown in the greenhouse; their varied colours, lovely pendant flowers, render them peculiarly interesting. To induce their more general culture, I give the mode of treatment I have most successfully practised. The bulbs which are not large should be potted in September, three in a pot. The soil should be a mixture of peat and sand, about three parts of the former to one of the latter, with a small quantity of leaf-mould. Select good sound bulbs for flowering, and pot the small offsets by themselves. The pots should be well drained, and after the bulbs are planted remove them to a frame where they will have light, and not be exposed to the cold autumn rains. Weep them in this situation until November, or when the nights become quite frosty, giving just sufficient water to keep the earth moist. At that time they may be removed to the parlour or greenhouse, placing them in a light situation, and watering them cautiously until they begin to grow. In February the flower-stems will appear, when more water should be given, though with care; the flower-stems will now shoot up, and in the course of a few weeks will be beautifully in bloom, remaining so for two or three weeks, or much longer, if they are kept in a partially shaded place. In May, when the foliage begins to turn yellow, the pots may be removed to the open air for a few weeks, when the bulbs should be taken out of the pots and laid away in a dry, cool place, until wanted for planting again in the autumn, LONDON HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. October 7.—Atthis meeting several articles well worthy of attention were pro- duced. Messrs. Henderson, of Pineapple-place, sent a collection of plants re- markable for the beauty of their fohage; among them was a plant named Ruellia maculata, whose Jeaves are finely overlaid with silvery markings equal in beauty to that of the foliage of some tropical Orchids. The plant is quite OE MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. 287 new, and the beauty of its leaves alone will render it worthy of a place in every collection. In the same group were Dioscorea discolor, remarkable for its grey- looking velvety leaves; Tillandsia zebrina, with dull brown gilt leaves ; the well-known Crotons pictum and variegatum; Dracena terminalis, distinguished for its dark red foliage ; Arundo Donax, variegata; Aspidistra lurida variegata, Begonia zebriua, and a cut specimen of a white species of Clerodendron, a beautiful stove twiner, and apparently a rapid grower, sent from Sierra Leone, by Mr. Whitfield. A large silver medal was awarded for the Ruellia maculata. —From the gardens at Syon, were Ruellia macrophylla, a brilliant scarlet flowered species; a remarkable cut specimen of Elate sylvestris, one of those noble Paim trees, which can only be grown in large conservatories. The plant possesses little beauty in its flowers, but produces panicles bearing multitudes of pretty oblong orange-coloured berries, with a curious flat stem, differing much from the usual structure. From the same collection was also fruit of the Con- stantinople Nut, Corylus Colurna, which forms a small tree and does not often produce nuts in this country. The kernel is small, in a very hard shell, which is . again covered by athick fleshy very remarkable husk. Along with these was a cut specimen of a Neptunia, from Jamaica, whose long stems floating on the surface of the water send up numerous laterals bearing multitudes of small balls of yellow flowers ; the foliage is as irritable as that of the Sensitive plant; a coarse sort of rice paper is prepared from thin slices of the pith of a plant of similar habit. A Banksian medal was awarded for the two first-mentioned plants.—Mr. Glendinning, of the Chiswick Nursery, sent Statice purpurata, a pretty species, having some resemblance to S. Dickinsonii; and Mr. M:Ewen, gardener to Colonel Wyndham, sent Satyrium carneum, a pretty terrestrial Cape Orchid, having a dense spike of pink flowers, which were, however, very much bruised in the carriage, which detracted considerably from its beauty. The plant was in excellent health, and amply proved that, with a little care, such things may be successfully cultivated in this country, where their beautiful flowers and singular forms would amply repay the trouble-—From Mr. Robertson, gardener to Mrs. Lawrence, were Oncidium Harrisonianum, a fine specimen, richly studded with brownish-yeliow blossoms; Lelia Lawrenciana; a good Saccolabium papillosum, one of the early importations from China; and a group of cut flowers, composed of Cattleya guttata, Brassia brachiata, and Dendrobium Chrysanthum, whose bright orange blossoms contrasted well with those of the other two. A Banksian medal was awarded for these plants.—Other Orchids were produced by Mr. Redding, gardener to Mrs. Marryatt. In this group were two fine plants of Zygopetalum maxillare, the old Stanhopea grandiflora, a very pretty Odontoglossum grande, and the handsome Cattleya Loddigesii ; also a Begonia; the old Guzmaunia tricolor, a Pine-like plant, with a dense spike of bright red flowers, seldom met with in collections; and a basket of cut blooms, chiefly of Tacsonia pinnatistipula. A Banksian medal was awarded for the Zygopetalum and Odontoglossum.—Of florists’ flowers, Mr. Kendall, of Stoke Newington, sent two seedling Fuchsias, named the Great Britain, and Miss Prettyman, and a cut branch of F. Gigantea.—Mr. Ivery, of Peckham, also ex- hibited a seedling Verbena, named Wonder of Scarlets, and Mr. Fairbairn, of Wandsworth-road, sent a seedling Dahlia, named King of Perpetuals, with a seedling Polygala named Dalmaisiana.—From Messrs. Veitch and Son, of Exeter, was a Philibertia, sent by Mr. W. Lobb, from Peru. It is a greenhouse twiner, with pretty saucer-shaped flowers, which are said to be bighly fragrant. Along with this was a Cymbidium, collected by Mr. T. Lobb, in Java, which, if not the same as Lancifolium, is very nearly related to it. A certificate was awarded for the Philibertia.—Messrs. Mountjoy and Son, of Ealing, produced Liatris squarrosa, a hardy North American plant, with Centaurea-like flowers, and Tacsonia mollissima, which is one of the best of the recent additions to this tribe; the flowers are smaller than those of the old Tacsonia, but their defi- ciency in this respect is made up in brilliancy of colour, which is much darker than that of the old T. pinnatistipula—Mr. Ayres, gardener to J. Cook, Esq., sent blooms of an Ipomea, from Ceylon, named Variegata, but which appeared to be the old I. Nil.—From D. D. Alves, Esq., was a Turk’s Head Cactus, which had just been received from Jamaica. 288 MISCELLANEOUS INTELLIGENCE. FLORICULTURAL CALENDAR FOR NOVEMBER. All greenhouse plants should have a free supply of air admitted, except when it is frosty. The plants should not be watered in the evening, but in the early part of the day, so that the damps may be dried up before the house is closed, as they are, during the night, prejudicial to the plants. The soil in the pots should frequently be loosed at the surface to prevent its forming a mossy or yery compact state. The plants must not be watered overhead. Luculia gratissima is the finest ornament for the greenhouse and conservatory, now and through the winter. ' The plants of the Cactus that have been kept in the open air during the summer may be brought to bloom successively by taking such as are desired to bloom immediately into the heat of a forcing pine-house. Other plants, to bloom afterwards, should be kept in a greenhouse protected from the frost. Plants of the Caleeolaria that have been grown in the open borders during the summer months, and now taken up and potted, should be kept in a cool frame, or cool part of the greenhouse, being careful not to give too much water: just sufficient to keep the soil moist will only be necessary. Offsets will be found rooted; take them off and pot them. Dutch bulbs, &c., may be successfully planted this month. See articles on best mode of the culture of each, in former numbers of the Canrner. Many persons who take a delight in growing some showy Hyacinths or other bulbous plants for adorning a room or window, &c., in winter or early in spring, have been frequently disappointed by the abortiveness of some and weakness of others. This principally arises from the inability of the plant to develop itself with a rapidity equal to the quantity of moisture it imbibes, on account of its upper surface being acted upon too immediately by the atmosphere, &c. ; hence arises the necessity of covering the bulb. That such is a fact is evidenced by the admirable and certain success of nearly every bulb, especially Hyacinths, that is covered with about six inches of old spent bark. This or some similar light material should alway be used. Even bulbs intended to bloom in glasses we prefer starting in the old bark, and then transferring them to the glasses when the shoots are about two inches long. Where such covering is not adopted, it is of advantage to have the pots or glasses kept in a dark place till the shoots are two or three inches long. Plants of some of the Chrysanthemums that are grown in pots aud taken into the greenhouse will be found to have pushed a number of suckers. If the offset are wanted for the increase of the kind, it is advisable to pinch off the tops, so as to prevent their exhausting the plant to the weakening of the flower. If the flower-buds are thinned out treely it conduces to the increased size of those left. If the offsets are not wanted, it is best to pull up the suckers entire. Attention will be required to watering, as the roots absorb much if given: give manure water occasionally, If the plant is allowed to wither, it checks the flowers, whether in bud or expanded. So much do we admire this handsome genus of flowers, that we are fully persuaded their beautiful blossoms, exhibited in form and colour, will most amply repay for any labour that may be bestowed on the plants. Dahlia seeds are best retained in the heads as grown, spread singly where they will not be liable to mould, and kept in a dry but not too hot a situation; being thus kept in the chaff, the small seeds will not shrivel, but be kept plump. The roots must be dried well before being put away, or will be liable to rot. Fuchsias and greenhouse plants, mtended to be inured to the open air, will require to have protection at the roots, and probably, for the first winter, over the tops too, by furze branches, canvass, wicker-baskets, &e. Tubers of Commellinas, aud bulbs of Tigridias, should be taken up and pre- served dry through winter, Shrubs, deciduous or evergreen, may now be successfully planted. If in exposed situations they should be secured to stakes. Herbaceous border plants may still be divided and re-planted. Roses, Persian Lilacs, &c., for forcing, should now be gently forwarded, if required for bloom by Christmas. Straw or reed. hurdles ought now to be pre- pared for covering frames, &c.,in the depth of winter. Achimenes, withhold water from till February. ae 4 . = ’ ‘ i - a . ‘ ; 1 ey t a ' % . . , ‘ eM ya y 7 : ; é, r . +a as ‘ - : ‘ ts ‘ . - 4 -. i (a by . ‘ - ciate A. STANLEY? GARDENIA 2 IDSTANTHES Th NIGRESCENS. Floricultural Cabinet. THE FLORICULTURAL CABINET, DECEMBER Ist, 1845. PART I. EMBELLISHMENTS. ARTICLE I. 1. GARDENIA STANLEYANA.—(Lorp Dersy’s GarpeniA.) __ Tats very fine stove-shrub is a native of Sierra Leone, from whence freely when a dwarf plant. Vou. XIII, No. 154. 2A it was sent by Mr. Whitfield to the Earl of Derby. A flowering * specimen was sent from Kew, and exhibited at the Horticultural Society’s Rooms, Regent-street, London, during the past summer, and which we saw at Kew. Sir W. J. Hooker observes, ‘* The young plant presented to us, when yet only a few months old, but placed on the table of a stove heated below by the tank system, threw out flower-buds from most of the dichotomies of its young horizontal branches ; and, in the month of March, 1845, no fewer than ten of the noble flowers were expanded at a time.” The plant, two years old, is now about five feet high, shrubby, having a central stem throwing out horizontal branches on all sides, and a spreading top. — The flowers are produced numerously, rising in an erect position above the foliage, and are exhibited to full view. They are not only very handsome, but are powerfully fragrant. The plant is of easy culture, and, from what we see of its easy growth, we have no doubt but it will succeed well in a warm greenhouse, and it highly merits a _ place in every one ; it does well-with us so far, and appears to bloom 290 THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. 2, PETASOSTYLIS NIGRESCENS.—(Biack-¥1. OwERED.) It was first discovered by Schiede at Papantla, in Mexico. Mr. Skinner, since then, found it in Guatemala. It appears to be a biennial plant, growing and blooming very freely in the greenhouse. It produces an upright stem, scarcely branched for half a-yard high, which terminate in a large, much branched panicle, two ‘o three feet high. The graceful, dark, drooping flowers give a very interesting appearance, and continue for several months. The blos- soms on the plant our drawing was taken from, it appears, were not grown to so perfect a state, although it was exhibited at the Chiswick Show ; as we have seen it since with flowers upwards of double the size. It is so peculiarly interesting as to deserve a place in every greenhouse. It strikes readily from cuttings, and has produced seed, too, in this country. ARTICLE II. THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. Merroporitan Froricutturat Society, September 25. (Concluded from p. 2°10.) Some observations upon the Seedling Dahlias only remain to com- plete our account of this exhibition. The prizes awarded to seedlings at this meeting is, genérally speaking, regarded as atolerable guide to the purchaser; but it is to be considered that even there a difficulty is sometimes likely to arise in finding proper judges, because most of the best growers are themselves exhibitors of seedlings, aid consequently precluded from acting;—who, on looking at a flower, duly bear in mind and con- sider all it ought to be. A kind new in colour, of remarkable shades, or brilliant lacing; is almost sure to confine the judgment of many. It is true, novelty in colour is entitled to some preference, and as all the points of perfection cannot be attained at once, it may be allowed to rank with better-shaped flowers until another, of the same colour, having an improved shape, is obtained to displace it. At the present day, in stands placed for competition, such flowers as Grand Tourna- ment (Union), Princess Royal (Hudson); or Cleopatra (Attwell), claim to be placed side by side with Beeswing (Drummond), Non- THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. 291 pareil (Proctor), or Standard of Perfection (Keynes), because they are of general good form, and there not being others of the same colour to heat them; yet had these very flowers been of a different colour, a crimson or red for instance, they would certainly be con- sidered coarse and bad. A really good seedling, therefore, if not new in colour, ought to be a manifest improvement upon all otliers of the same class already out. Size, again, is to some persons an equivalent for other defects, and consequently regularity of outline or perfection of the centre is too often sacrificed thereto. Compactness of form is the most necessary quality to all flowers, consequently unless the size be exceedingly small, it is entirely of a secondary character, and this should never be forgotten. Compactness in form must not, however, be confounded with extreme doubleness, which is a fault in some of the new sorts; for in a flower that is too full the petals are prevented developing them- selves properly, and it is, therefore, very defective. Another and more extended fault in Dahlias is, that the centre is not sufficiently high to be even with the surrounding surface; this is a peculiar blemish, arising from insufficiency in ntimber in the unbloomed petals, and by their inclining too much inwards, so that, when the exterior ones rise and open, the inner remain sunk down. | The centre, consequently, to be well up, must be composed of a sufficiency of short and stiff petals, and each regularly disposed. The following notes were made from a very careful inspection, and their accuracy may be depended upon. As observed in our last, a considerable number of seedlings were produced, particularly of the ** proved”’ ones, as they are generally called, or those which first bloomed in 1844. By a rule of the Society, six blooms of each of these are required to be placed, and of this year’s seedlings one only of each. CLASS VIII. Seedlings of 1844: open to all. Ceritficale of Merit—Princess Radzewell; Mr. N. Gaines, florist, Battersea. White. laced with rosy purple; in some of the flowers the colour faded to the outside. Of the average size when well grown; centre fulland regular; outline very perfect. The petals are disposed in the utmost regularity, and the flower throughout is remarkably compact and fit for the choicest stand. ‘ . Ceitifiedte of Merit.—Sir Edmund Antrobus; Mr. J. Keynes, florist, Salis- bury ; noticed page 245. Mxceedingly compact and symmetrical, and will be ftown by most. In one or two of the flowers produced we observed a small 2a2 292 THE METROPOLITAN FLORAL EXHIBITIONS. notch or little point at the end of the petals, and the flower is somewhat too flat as compared with a perfect model. Certificate of Merit.—Magician; Mr. Turner, florist, Chalvey ; noticed page 246. Salmon-red, the disposition regular, but flower too thin, and couse- quently the outline presents angles between the petals; the flower, too, is defi- cient in depth. We consider it only a good second-class flower. Certificate of Merit.—Burnham Champion; Mr. Bragg, florist, Slough ; very much after the shape of Eclipse (Widnall), from, which we should say it is a seedling, but of a deeper red colour; like that kind the flower is very double and symmefrical when perfect. Certificate of Merit.—Queen of Perpetuals; Mr. Girling, nurseryman, Stow- market ; noticed page 245. Twenty-four blooms of this were exhibited, and the centre in all of them very even; some of the blooms appeared thin, but the six placed for the judges were compact enough ; the size is quite of the average, it is a pretty colonr, and its best blooms fit for any stand. Certificate of Merit—Mazeppa; Mr. Spary, florist, Hungerford ; a beautiful clear orange colour, not above the medium size; the petals are broad and the outline is very good; the centre moderately high. Certificate of Merit.—Lady Stopford; Mr. Trentfield, Lewisham ; noticed page 245. Fourteen blooms of this were shown; it is a symmetrical flower and the outline is perfect ; in two or three of the blooms the centre was tolerably high, but generally it appears rather too low; frequently, however, it may be found an useful show-flower. Certificate of Merit.—Marchioness of Cornwallis; Mr. Whale, florist, Elcot ; noticed page 246. A beautifully formed flower, though the eye is doubtful; it will be well to grow with Antagonist, as one may furnish a flower when the other ae Both these flowers are somewhat too flat, though when perfect very excel- ent, Certificate of Merit.—Newington Rival; Mr. Smith, Hackney; noticed page 245. A well arranged flower; rather more flat, yet partaking of the shape of Standard of Perfection, and near that colour, but certainly not so good a flower. Certificate of Merit—Prometheus; Mr. Smith; noticed page 246. This flower was shown better than when we saw it before; of the average size, and tolerably compact. Although the colour is not new, it is perhaps worth growing. Certificate uf Merit.—Pride of Surrey; Mr. N. Gaines; bright clear purple, of rather below the medium size; the petals well rounded and the outline ery good. Like many of the cupped flowers, however, the centre is generally ow. Certificate of Merit—Miss Prettyman; Mr. Turner, The colour is not favourable to this flower, though it may be sometimes very pretty; the dispo- sition of the petals (as noticed in page 246, but where our printer very un- geniously transposed them into details), is very good, and we have no doubt it will be a desirable flower. The following we noticed as being the best amongst the many others shown, to which no certificates were adjudicated :— Dawn of Day (Mitchell). Only two blooms of this were shown; the colour is delicate peach and rather new; the outline is good and the centre tolerable ; the size is rather deficient, but when well grown it wiil be a lovely flower. Mrs. Caudle (Turner) ; noticed page 246. Though the disposition of the petals in this flower is very regular, the eye good, and the colour distinct, still it will never be a great favourite, because the petals fold over too much and sully the face of the flower with the dull colour of their backs ; sometimes, however, flowers of this character produce blooms in the finest order, and we expect to see Mrs. Caudle now and then associated with the first quality. Countess of Bandon (Sparry). A sort of nankeen oranve tipped with a small point of yellow; shown very thin and is also deficient in depth. Beauty of Hants (Oakley). Creamy-white, with a faint lace or tinge of pink; rather above the average size; the outline good, but the flowers are generally thin and flat. Midland Beauty (Burbury). Rosy-peack, rather lighter to the centre of the OBSERVATIONS UPON, AND CULTURE OF, FERNS. 293 flower; some of the blooms were thin and the petals irregularly disposed ; still it will prove an useful kind. Captain Warner (Girling). Crimson; the character of the flower is after Beeswing, but the centre is not sufficiently elevated, and the outline appears generally imperfect. Queen Mary (Edwards). A second-rate white, thin and deficient in the centre, but may be useful. CLASS IX. Seedlings of 1845: open to all. Certificate of Merit— Demosthenes ; Mr. Maher, Anthom-hill. Certificate of Merit.—Lady of the Lake; Mr. Keynes. Milky-white, with a tinge of pink to the margin; the size is good and the character promising. Certificate of Merit.—Model of Perfection; Mr. Sparry. Rich red colour, excellent petal, and appears very likely to be a real good kind, but the specimen exhibited was an over-blown one. Certificate of Merit.—Miss Bevan; Mr. Bevan, Shacklewell. Blush, of good character, Certificate of Merit.—Goldfinch ; Mr. Wicks,Chelmsford. Deep straw-colour, mottled on the margin with hght crimson, and has a novel appearance, though it will never make a good show flower. Cerificate of Merit.—Beauty of the Vale; Mr. Hunt. Lilac; poor, and un- likely to be seen in a show avain, Cerhificate of Merit.—Joan of Arc; Mr. Oakley. White, with small pencils of pink down each petal; the centre well up, and one of the most promising flowers. Certificate of Merit—Beauty of Alresford; Mr. Burgess. A certificate was also given to Mr. Hoare for a seedling not named, and some others were shown, but not deserving particular notice. ARTICLE III. OBSERVATIONS UPON, AND CULTURE OF, FERNS. BY CLERICUS. For twenty years I have been most assiduously endeavouring to col- lect and cultivate every species and variety of Fern I could obtain, whether hardy or such as require protection in this country; and after so much practical experience with such a very interesting and elegant tribe of plants, I am induced to forward some observations thereon, in order to induce a more general cultivation of them. I have above stated that I deem the Fern tribe of plants interesting and elegant. The tender verdure of their foliage, the disposition of their beautiful forms, and very graceful habit, also their charming figures and airy aspect, alike contribute to their specially pleasing character. They are, moreover, peculiarly admirable, on account of the manner in whch their singular inflorescence (blossom) is borne. It is generally at the under side of the leaves, either in small round patches or long streaks, and the colour usually hrown. The Paly- 294 OBSERVATIONS UPON, AND CULTURE OF, FERNS, podiums are especially pretty in the distinct coloured round patches, and Adiantums, with darker irregular ones; not one of the whole tribe but in these respects are exquisitely beautiful. The Ferns are singularly useful for flourishing in shady situations, where scarcely any other plants will thrive. For ornamenting rock- work ; for covering old walls, or otherwise unsightly ones; for grow- ing in rustic baskets, or on logs of wood, suspended in plant-houses, in which mode the under side, where what is commonly termed the flowers are disposed, is very distinctly to be seen; for growing amongst some of the kinds of orchidew, to hide the naked stems; for decorating any kind of rustic work; for planting amongst the shrubs in a conservatory, in order to enliven the surface of the border by their exquisite evergreen, which at all times is delightful to the eye. I find that all Ferns flourish best in shade, hence those grown in the open air should be placed so as to be shaded from the sun during the heat of the day, and better still if there be a northern aspect to a rockery, and allow them the advantage of it. In many cases the shade of a grotto, summer-house, back of a wall, rocks or large irre- eular roots, or canopy of trees, supply very suitable situations for growing them in. In fact, where the direct beams of the midday sun do not shine upon them, the greater portion will flourish in luxuriance, and finely exhibit their beauty. In rockeries situated in the open air, they form admirable companions to mosses, lichens, &c. They are, too, the greatest ornaments to a rockery in the stove or ereenhouse. I haye a plant stove which is formed so that I have a four-feet pathway up the centre, and a raised stage for plants on each side. At the upper end of the house I have a tank, which forms a half circle, and water-plants are grown in it; and it contains a variety of gold and silver fish, &c. The end wall, which forms the back of the tank, was constructed of very irregular-faced portions of old rock, which I selected, being scattered about, in an unfrequented wood. They were covered over with moss, lichen, &c. I had them so disposed in the wal] as to form bold outlines, and suitable interstices to deposit soil, &c., in which to grow ferns, mosses, &c., in order to give shade to them. I had canyass at first, and then had some climbers planted, which now spread wholly over the under side of the roof. The moisture, too, arising from the water in the tank con- tributes yery essentially to their success. I have omitted to state OBSERVATIONS UPON, AND CULTURE OF, FERNS. 295 that the face of the rock-work is formed somewhat circular too, in order that the plants might be near enough to he inspected. I beg to assure the readers hereof that this rockery is one of the most interest- ing objects I ever saw in a plant-house. I have, within the last four years, planted a number of suitable orchideze amongst the Ferns, &c., and they do admirably so placed. I have my plant-house heated by hot-water pipes, and a pipe is carried through the tank, and the water is of a gentle tepid warmth, and gives a moist vapour to the rock plants. I am careful to haye the entire reckery watered, and in all respects attended to as my pot plants are, and they very amply repay for the attention. The soil I find all Ferns to thriye luxuriantly in is rotten vegetable mould and sandy peat. I haye the former col- lected in the woods, under oak trees; in such compost I grow them, whether in-doors or out in the open air. I haye had a number of wire, wicker, and other rustic baskets formed, in which I planted Ferns, and suspended them in sundry places in my plant-house, and disposing them tastefully ; they not only do well, but appear neat and interesting. A few of the small and neat Ferns planted at the sides of an orchidea basket, so suspended, is very pretty. I have had several rustic portions of old decayed trees, stumps, &c., placed in suitable situations in my pleasure-ground under shade, and near to a walk, and in the hollows haye planted Ferns with great effect ; the shade, I find, always gives the fine lively green hue, which is not to be attained in bright sunshine. A mo- derate moist atmosphere is very beneficial to Ferns, and especially so when grown in plant-houses. The wild specimens which are seen growing on the bank of a shady ditch or brook always flourish best ; they there haye the four essen- tials-—a moist, cool, and shady situation, and a vegetable soil. Of course the coolness only applies to growing in the open air; exotic ones require a suitable temperature, hut not a high one even there. When Ferns are grown in pots, plenty of bits of turf, rotten wood, or something of the kind, must be liberally supplied to form drainage, and well rotted leaf mould and sandy heath soil. form the compost ; with these necessary requisites, and attention to situation, watering, repotting, or replanting, this loyely tribe may be cultivated most satis- factorily. 296 OBSERVATIONS UPON, AND CULTURE OF, FERNS. Many of the beautiful ferns and mosses are now grown in dwell- ing-rooms in the Wardian glass cases. They are generally easy of increase; this is done by offsets, cut- ting out a frond, or seed. The two former being taken off carefully by a knife, or otherwise, and properly treated in potting, &c., seldom fail to succeed. Where my plants have matured seed, it has been scattered beneath, and multitudes of seedlings have sprung up. Seeds of the ferns have often been obtained from dried specimens, which have been collected many ygars previous to sowing, some even fifty years old. I have pursued the following mode of procedure :—Having pro- vided a common garden-pot four inches and a half deep, and three and a half wide; I filled up an inch with broken pot, and an inch more with broken pieces of peat soil, for drainage, then the next remaining two inches with leaf-mould and sandy peat; over this I spread about a quarter of an inch of fine hair-sieve sifted soil, smoothed the surface, and upon it I scattered the seed, and very lightly pressed them to the soil. I then covered them with a bell glass. I placed the pot in a saucer, which, being half filled with water, reached about a quarter way up the pot side. I kept the saucer about half full afterwards, and had the pot removed to a shady part of my plant-house. Ina month the young plants appear ; I then com- mence to give a litle air, and gradually increase it as they gain size, till I find they are strong enough to do without it. As the seed do not require to be covered by any soil, they often vegetate and spring up, even on a damp stone, or piece of wood, where such are con- stantly kept moist. A celebrated cultivator of Ferns very successfully raises the seedling on the following plan :—Having procured some pieces of very porous stone, with a flat surface, he sprinkled about one-eighth of an inch of fine sifted soil over the surface, pressing it close so as to fill up the pores even; the surface being then made smooth the seeds are sown upon it, the stone immersed in a saucer three parts up the side of the stone, and having been so saturated he removes the stone to a shady situation in the stove or frame, covering with a bell glass, and as occasion requires so as to keep it moist; he immerses the stone as before; and he states that ina fortnight the a ee EXTRACT ON WARMING BUILDINGS BY HOT WATER. 291 germination was visible, and in a month the plants are fit to trans- plant into small pots. By this mode of growth the plants were not liable to interruption from worms. The best time to sow seed is from February to May; the plants then get strong during the summer. ARTICLE IV. EXTRACT ON WARMING BUILDINGS BY HOT WATER. Iw a former Number we noticed the very excellent “ Practical Trea- tise on Warming Buildings by Hot Water; on Ventilation, and the various methods of distributing Artificial Heat, and their effects on Animal and Vegetable Physiology ; to which are added, an Inquiry into the Laws of radiant and conducted Heat, the chemical constitu- tion of Coal, and the combustion of Smoke. By Charles Hood, F.R.S., F.R.A.S., &c.” We then promised to give an extract from it, to enable our readers more fully to appreciate sa valuable a work. The cheapness of glass for horticultural purposes is now a strong inducement to erect forcing and plant houses far more extensively than heretofore, and the approaching season is very likely to be a period of considerable increase in that particular. We therefore respectfully suggest ‘the propriety of consulting Mr. Hood’s Trea- tise. “ One of the greatest advantages which the plan of heating by the circulation of hot water possesses over all other inventions for dis- tributing artificial heat is, that a greater permanence of temperature can be obtained by it than by any other method. The difference between an apparatus heated by hot water, and one where steam is made the medium of communicating heat, is no less remarkable in this particular than in its superior economy of fuel. “‘ It seldom happens that the pipes of a hot-water apparatus can be raised to so high a temperature as 212°; and, in fact, it is not desirable to do so; because steam would then be formed, and would escape from the air vent, or safety pipe, without affording any useful heat. Steam pipes, on the contrary, must always be at 212° at the least, because, at a lower temperature, the steam will condense. A given length of steam pipe will therefore afford more heat than the same quantity of hot-water pipe ; but, if we consider the relative per- 298 EXTRACT ON WARMING BUILDINGS BY HOT WATER. manence of temperature of the two methods, we shall find a yery re- markable difference in favour of pipes heated with hot water. ‘‘ The weight of steam at the temperature of 212°, compared with the weight of water at 212°, is about as 1 to 1694 ; so that a pipe which is filled with water at 212° contains 1694 times as much matter as one of equal size filled with steam. If the source of heat be withdrawn from the steam pipes, the temperature will soon fall below 212°, and the steam immediately in contact with the pipes wil! condense; but, in condensing, the steam parts with its latent heat ; and this heat, in passing from the latent to the sensible state, will again raise the temperature of the pipes. But as soon as they are a second time cooled down below 212°, a further portion of steam will condense, and a further qu&ntity of latent heat will pass into the state of heat of temperature ;* and so on until the whole quantity of latent heat has been abstracted, and the whole of the steam con- densed ; in which state it will possess just as much heating power as a similar bulk of water at the like temperature ; that is, the same as a quantity of water occupying 7;5z part the space which the steam originally did. ‘“‘'The specific heat of uncondensed steam compared with water is, for equal weights, as *8470 to 1; but the latent heat} of steam being estimated at 1000°, we shall find the relative heat obtamahle from equal weights of condensed steam and of water, reducing both from the temperature of 212° to 60°, to be as 7°425 to 1; but for equal bulks it will be as 1 to 228; that is, bulk for bulk, water will give out 228 times as much heat as steam, on reducing both from the temperature of 212° to 60°, Agiven bulk of steam will therefore lose as much of its heat in one minute as the same bulk of water will lose in three hours and three quarters, “ When the water and the steam are both contained in iron pipes * The heat of temperature is that which is appreciable by the thermometer; and the term is used in contradistinction to latent heat, which is not capable of being measured in a direct manner by any instrument whatever. + The results of different experiments on the subject of the latent heat of steam, although somewhat various, are yet sufficiently near for all practical purposes. Watts’s experiments give 900° to 950° ; Lavoisier and Laplace, 1900°; Mr. Southern, 945°; Dr. Ure, 967° to 1000°; and Count Rumford, 1000°, EXTRACT ON WARMING BUILDINGS BY HOT WATER. 299 the rate of cooling will, however, be very different from this ratio ; in consequence of the much larger quantity of heat which is contained in the metal itself, than in the steam with which the pipe is filled. “The specific heat of cast-iron being nearly the same as water, if we take tivo similar pipes, 4 inches diameter, and ¢ of an inch thick, one filled with water, and the other with steam, each at the temperature of 212°, the one which is filled with water will contain 4°68 times as much heat as that which is filled with steam; there- fore if the steam pipe cools down to the temperature of 60° in one hour, the pipe containing water would require four hours and a half, under the same circumstances, before it reached the like temperature. But this is merely reckoning the effect of the pipe and of the fluid contained in it. In a steam apparatus this is all that is effective in giving out heat; but in a hot-water apparatus there is likewise the heat from the water contained in the boiler, and even the heat from the brick-work around the boiler; which all tends to increase the effect of the pipes, in consequence of the circulation of the water continuing long after the fire is extinguished ; in fact, as long as ever the water is of a higher temperature than the surrounding air of the room. From these causes, the difference in the rate of cooling of the two kinds of apparatus will be nearly double what is here stated; so that a building warmed by hot water will maintain its temperature, after the fire is extinguished, about six or eight times as long as it would do if it were heated with steam. “This is an important consideration wherever permanence of tem- perature is desirable ; as, for instance, in hothouses, conservatories, and other buildings of a similar description ; and even in the appli- cation of this invention to the warming of dwelling-houses, manu- factories, &c., this property, which water possesses, of retaining its temperature for so long a time, and the very great amount of its specific heat, prevents the necessity for that constant attention to the fire which has always been found so serious an objection to the general use of steam apparatus. “The velocity with which a pipe or any other vessel cools when filled with a heated fluid depends principally upon two circum- stances ; the quantity of fluid that it contains relatively to its surface, and thé temperature of the air by which it is surrounded ; or, in other words, the excess of temperature of the heated body above that of the 350 EXTRACT ON WARMING BUILDINGS BY HOT WATER. surrounding medium. The subject of the radiation of heat, and the rate at which a heated body covls, under various circumstances, will be fully considered in another chapter. But for temperatures below the boiling point of water, and under such circumstances as we are now considering with regard to hot-water pipes, the velocity of cooling may be estimated simply in the ratio of the ‘excess of heat which the heated body possesses above the temperature of the sur- rounding air. The variation in the rate of cooling, arising from a difference of the superfices to the mass, is, for bodies of all shapes, inversely, as the mass divided by the superfices. Therefore the relative ratios of cooling, for any two bodies of different shapes and temperatures, is the inverse numbers obtained by dividing the mass by the superficies, multiplied by the direct excess of heat above the surrounding air; provided the temperature of the heated bodies be below 212°. Thus, suppose the relative ratio of cooling be required for two cisterns filled with hot water, one a cube of 18 inches, at the temperature of 200°; the other a parallelopiped, 24 inches long, 15 inches wide, and 3 inches deep, at the temperature of 170°; the sur- rounding air in both cases being 60°. Then, as Inches. Inches. Thecube contains . . . 5832, divided by 1944, the superficies = 3°0 The parallelopiped contains, 1080 ditto 954 ditto = )1413 The inverse of these numbers is, to call the cube 1°13, and the parallelopiped 3:0. Then multiply 1°13 by 140 (the direct excess of temperature of the cube), and the answer is 158°2; and multiply 3°0 by 110 (the direct excess of temperature of the parallelopiped), and the answer is 330°0. Therefore the parallelopiped will cool, in comparison with the cube, in the proportion of 330 to 158, or as 2°08 to 1; so that, if it requires two hours to cool the cube, a half, or a quarter, or any other proportional part of its excess of heat, the other vessel will lose the same proportional part of its excess of heat in one hour. “Tt is evident that these different velocities of cooling are quite in- dependent of the effect that the respective bodies will produce in warming a given space; for as the cube contains upwards of six times as much water as the other vessel, so it would warm six times as much air, if both vessels were of the same temperature. * But if six ‘of the ‘oblong vessels were used, they would heat just the same EXTRACT ON WARMING BUILDINGS BY HOT WATER. 301 quantity of air as the cube; but the latter would require rather more than 21 hours to do what the oblong vessels would accomplish in one hour, supposing the temperature to be the same in both cases. In the previous example the temperatures are supposed to be dif- ferent ; otherwise the relative ratio of cooling of the two vessels would have been as 23 to 1, instead of 2 to 1, as stated. “In estimating the cooling of round pipes the relative ratio is very easily found ; because the inverse number of the mass divided by the superficies is exactly equal to the inverse of the diameters. There- fore, supposing the temperature to be alike in all, If the diameter ofthe pipesbe . . 1. 2 3. 4 inches, The ratio of cooling willbe. . . 4. 2 1:3 1 That is, a pipe of 1 inch diameter will cool four times as fast as a pipe of 4 inches diameter; and so on with the other sizes. These ratios, multiplied by the excess of heat which the pipes possess above that of the air, will give the relative rate of cooling when their tem- peratures are different, supposing they are under 212° of Fahren- heit ; but if the temperatures are alike in all, the simple ratios given above will show their relative rate of cooling, without multiplying by the temperatures. When the pipes are much above 212°, as, for instance, with the high pressure system of heating, the ratio of cooling must be calculated by the rules given in the IXth Chapter. “ The unequal rate of cooling of the various sizes of pipes renders it necessary to consider the purpose to which any building is to be applied that is required to be heated on this plan. If it be desired that the heat shall be retained for a great many hours after the fire is extinguished, then large pipes will be indispensable; but if the retention of heat be unimportant, then small pipes may be advan- tageously used. It may be taken as an invariable rule, that in no case should pipes of greater diameter than 4 inches be used, because, when they are of a larger size than this, the quantity of water they contain is so considerable, that it makes a great difference in the cost of fuel, in consequence of the increased length of time re- quired to heat them. For hothouses, greenhouses, conservatories, and such like buildings, pipes of 4 inches diameter will generally be found the best; though, occasionally, pipes of 3 inches diameter may be used for such purposes, but never any of a smaller size. In churches, dwelling-houses, manufactorics, &c., pipes of either 2 or 302 EXTRACT ON WARMING BUILDINGS BY HOT WATER. 3 inches diameter will, perhaps, upon the whole, be found the most advantageous ; for they will retain their heat sufficiently long for ordinary purposes, and their temperature can be sooner raised, and to more intensity than larger pipes; and, on this account, a less number of superficial feet will suffice to warm a given space. In adapting the boiler to a hot-water apparatus it is not necessary, as is the case with a steam boiler, to have its capacity exactly pro- portional to that of the total quantity of pipe which is attached to it; on the contrary, it is sometimes desirable even to invert this order, and to attach a boiler of small capacity to pipes of large size. It is not, however, meant, in recommending a boiler of small capacity, to propose also that it should be of small superficies ; for it is indispen- sable that it should present a large surface to the fire, because, in every case, the larger the surface oti which the fire acts, the greater will be the economy in fuel, and, therefore, the greater will be the effect of the apparatus. “The sketches of the boilers, figs. 16 to 26, are several different forins which present various extents of surface in proportion to their capacity. “ Ali except the first two, however, have [but 4 small capacity, relatively to their superficies, compared with boilers which are used for steam. There is no advantage whatever gained by using a boiler which contains a large quantity of water; for, as the lower pipe brings in a fresh supply of water as rapidly as the top pipe carries the hot water off, the boiler is always kept absolutely full. The only plausible reason which can be assigned for using a boiler of large capacity is, that as the apparatus then contains more water, it will retain its heat a proportionably longer time. This, though true in fact, is not a sufficient reason for using such boilers; for the same etid can be accomplished, either by using larger pipes, or by having a tank connected with the apparatus which can be so contrived, by being enclosed in brick or wood, or some other non-conductor, as to give off very little of its heat by radiation, and yet to be a reservoir of heat for the pipes after the fire has been extinguished. If this tank communicates with the rest of the apparatus by a stop-cock, the pipes can be made to produce their maximum effect in a much shorter time than if this additional quantity of water had been contained in the boiler, and a more economical and efficient apparatus will be ob- ON THE CULTURE OF THE ANEMONE. 303 tained. The circulation will likewise be more rapid from a boiler which contains but a small quantity of water, because the fire will have greater effect upon it, and will render the water which is con- tained in it relatively lighter than that which is in the descending pipe.” ARTICLE V. ON THE CULTURE OF THE ANEMONE, BY A LADY FLORIST. Osservine in the July Number of the Caziner the descriptive selected list of the finest Anemonies, and being an ardent admirer of that very handsome tribe of flowers, I forward for insertion in the September Number the particulars of a most successful mode which I have adopted for the last three seasons. Having fixed on the place for the bed, dig out the soil to the depth of sixteen inches, and then place a layer of five or six inches of well- rotted cow dung, and on this a surface layer of ‘light rich, mellow loam, quite free from manure, raised to two inches above the level of the surrounding surface ; this should be done about the latter end of September. Plant the roots from the beginning to the middle of October ; by this means they will be found to blow stronger, and the roots when taken up will be found of a larger size than if planted in November. When the bed is levelled, draw lines across about five inches apart, in which the roots are placed with the crowns upwards, which is easily discerned by a close examination, laying a little river sand under and upon each root ; then cover them as near two inches as possible with pure mellow loam. Nothing more need be done to them till they appear above ground, except the winter be very severe, which, if that is the case, the rovts will require a little protection. Lay a mat over the bed in very severe frost, and regu- larly take it off for about four hours at the middle of each day; but when the frost is not very severe place no mat over them, which, if kept on when not much occasion for it, rather injures than benefits them. When the leaves are above ground, choose a dry day to press the soil close to the plants, as the leaves generally remove the soil in coming up, which is very injurious to the roots if exposed. In dry weather they requite watering. Give them a good soaking with 304 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. liquid manure; for it is wrong to wait till the leaves begin to flag for want of water, because leaves from a tuberous root show a vigour which does not entirely arise from the state of the soil, therefore the soil should be examined and treated accordingly. As the flowers expand, they must be shaded both from sun and rain. Shade them with a covering raised two feet from the ground, so that air can pass freely underneath, to prevent the stems being weakened, and unable to support the weight of the flowers. After the bloom is over, water- ing is no longer necessary, but the bed should be shaded in the middle of hot days, and from wet, or the tubers will be kept in a state of excitement, and be thereby materially weakened and injured. By these means the foliage will soon begin to change its colour, and become brown and dry, which will point out the time to take up the roots, which should be done a month after the bloom is over. In clearing away the fibres and soil that adheres to them, handle the roots very gently as they are exceedingly brittle. The pieces that happen to break off do not throw away, for in a few years they will become fine blooming roots. Finally, clean the tubers and put ina drawer, which place in an airy part of a room secure from frost, where they remain till the planting season. If any of the roots are large divide them, taking care to have two or three eyes to each piece; such usually blow the first year. In selecting roots for a flower-bed, choose such as are fresh and plump, of a medium size, for large over- grown roots are hollow, and decayed in the centre; these take care to avoid, as they never bloom strong, the flowers being very small. If the flower was originally very full and double, with age it loses that property; the petals become small, irregular, and diminish in number, and finally, the sort perishes. PART II. LIST OF NEW AND RARE PLANTS. Azavea Lupovicia. Garpen Hyzrip. (Bot. Reg.) The Hon. and Rey. William Herbert raised this very pretty variety from seed which had been ob- tained from Rhododendron ponticum, impregnated with the pollen of Azalea pontica. The flowers are numerously produced in fine heads. Each blossom has a short tube, and the expanded division of the flower is nearly two inches across, pale yellow, handsomely tinged with rose, and the upper segment having several distinct darker spots. The specific name Ludovicia was so given by Mr. Herpert, in compliment to his eldest daughter Louisa. NEW AND RARE PLANTS. 305 CarrLEYA GRANULOSA, vaR. RussELIana. Tue Duxe oF Beprorp’s RouGu- LIPPED. (Bot. Reg. 59.) Orchidex. Gynandria Monandria. It is a variety of the Guatemala C. grauulosa, imported into thiscountry by Mr. Skinner to the collection of the Duke of Bedford. Sepals and petals green, spotted with red, Labellum, towards the origin, is yellow, with red spots, and the broad termina- tion white. Each blossom is about five inches across. Denprosium Kinaranum. Captain Kina’s. (Bot. Reg.) Orchidew. Gy- nandria Monandria. Received by Messrs. Loddiges in a collection of New Holland plants. The flowers are produced in an erect spike. Each flower is about one inch across, beautiful pink, spotted with crimson. Genisra (Tevine) Spacniana. Mr, Spacn’s Genista. (Bot. Mag. 4195.) Leguminose, Diadelphia Decandria. This pretty flowering plant is a native of the Canary Islands, found on the north-west mountains of Teneriffe. Itis a shrubby plant, which will probably prove hardy in the warmer parts of this country. The flowers are produced profusely, in pendant terminal heads, of a bright yellow colour; it well deserves cultivation, being very showy. HegeciaDus BIFLORUs. TwiIn-FLOWERED. (Bot. Mag. 4192.) Solance. Pentandria Munogynia. This most beautiful flowering plant is a native of the Peruvian mountains. Messrs. Veitch’s, of Exeter, have lately received it. It is stated to he a greenhouse shrub, blooming very freely. The flowers are droop- ing; much like some of the drooping flowered Corrzas. Each blossom is about one inch long; tube, purple, with green segments. IxorA oporaTa. Fragrant. (Bot. Mag. 4191.) Rubiacew Tetrandia. Monogynia. (Synonym Ixora Brunonis.) It is a native of Madagascar, and is in the collection of Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., of Exeter. It was ex- hibited at the London Floral Shows during the present year, and much admired. The leaves of this noble and highly fragrant shrub, Sir William Hooker ob- serves, vie in size, and almost in firmness of texture, with those of the Indian Rubber-tree. The flowers are produced in large spreading panicles, each panicle being a foot or mure in diameter; the branches being of a deep red purple colour. Each blossom is about five inches long; the tube, red below, white above, and the floral buds white, tipped with bright rose. The spreading segments of the flower, at first white, change to a rich buff as they become old. The plant exhibited at Chiswick Show by Messrs. Lucombe, Pince, and Co., was about a yard high. It deserves a place in every hothouse. JACARANDA TOMENTOSA. TomenTosE. (Pax. Mag. Bot.) Bignoniacee. Didynamia Angiospermia. (Synonym Bignonia Mauritiensis.) Itis a native of South America, and grows to a moderate sized tree. It can be cultivated in this country, so as to bloom in the stove or warm greenhouse, in a dwarf state ; a plant about two to three feet high. It has bloomed very freely in a dwarf state at the nursery of Messrs. Knight and Perry, of Chelsea, near London. The flowers are tubular; each about the size of a common foxglove, of a pretty rosy-lilac colour ; they are produced in small lateral panicles of two or three in each; and, as there are very many of such lateral ones, they unitedly form a fine headed, spike-like, panicle. It well merits a place in every situation it can be successfully grownin. The plant may be purchased at a very reason- able price. Lycasre Fuitvescens. Tawny rLowErep. (Bot. Mag. 4193.) Orchidez. Gynandria Monandria. Received by Rev. John Clowes, of Broughton Hall, near Manchester, from Columbia. Each of the flower-stems are from nine inches to a foot high, one flowered. The sepals and petals are of a brownish yellow, and the lip of a rich orange colour. A separate flower is about five inches across. Onciwrum incurvum. Curve pera.tep. (Bot. Reg.64.) Orchidex. Gy- nandria Monandria, This very beautiful and rare species was first observed in bloom in this country in the collection of George Barker, Esq., of Birmingham. The flowers are produced in a long, erect, and even branched panicle. Sepals and petals white, with banded stripes of rich rosy red. Lip, white, with a spot Vou. XIII. No. 154. 2B 306 NEW AND RARE PLANTS. of orange at its origin. It is a very pretty and highly interesting species, meriting a place in every collection. Porenri.ia Bicotor. Two coLrourep. (Bot. Reg. 62.) Roseacer. Ico- sandria Polygynia. An herbaceous plant from Nepal. The flowers are of a clear yellow, over which is a net-work of rosy red. Each blossom is an inch across. It is in the garden of the London Horticultural Society. ScmvoLA ATTENUATA. ATTENUATED-LEAVED. (Bot. Mag. 4196.) Good- enoviee. Pentandria Monogynia. From the Swan River Colony. It is a very pretty flowering greenhouse shrub, blooming very freely through the summer season. The plant grows about two feet high, producing numerous terminal and lateral spikes of flowers, which are of a bright blue, tinged with purple. Each blossom is about an inch across, having much the resemblance of a cineraria flower having one-third cut out; and, as the flowers face sideways, it is the upper portion exhibits the deficiency. It will be a very suitable plant for grouping in the flower-garden. The foliage being narrow, and the flowers profuse. SMEATHMANNIA LEZviGaTA. Smooru sTaLkED., (Bot. Mag. 4194.) Passi- floree. Polyandria Pentagynia. A hothouse shrub, with glossy preen foliage. It is an evergreen, with foliage somewhat like the bay-tree. The flowers are white, about the size of those of a Noblesse peach, and they are produced along the branches, in a similar manner, at the axil of each leaf. Mr. Whit- field sent the plant to the Earl of Derby. Sraricz Fortunt. Me. Forrune’s Sea Lavenprr. Plumbaginea. Pen- tandria Pentagynia. (Bot. Reg. 63.) Seeds of this yellow-flowered Statice were sent from China by Mr. Fortune in 1844, It has bloomed in the Horti- cultural Society’s Garden at Chiswick, where, both in a frame and greenhouse, it bloomed beautifully from July to October. The flowers are produced in vast profusion in a branching panicle; have a pretty appearance: the calyx is flesh colour, and the petals bright yellow. PLants NOTICED In Nurseries, &c. dt Mr. Henderson’s, Pine Apple Nursery. HInpsIA LONGIFLORA ALBA. This very handsome flowering plant was in pro- fuse bloom. The flowers pure white, longer than H. violacea, and in large heads ; also very fragrant. It highly merits a place in every stove. Horrzia coccinza. In the greenhouse we observed several very beautiful specimens in profuse bloom. The flowers are produced in long spikes, tubular, about an inch and a half long, a very beautiful rich scarlet colour. The plant forms a compact little shrub, and is very showy. It deserves to be grown wherever practicable. Crsrrum aurantiacum. Page Clianthus puniceus, query on . ° < Z 115 Cotoneaster microphylla, remarks on 4 $ 310 Currant, on the double red . : : ‘ * 284 D. AUTHORS. Dianthus, on the lacing of the Pink ° P $ 33 remarks by : : * ° 22 ORIGINAL. Dipladenia crassinoda, on thecultureof . . a 1465 NEW PLANTS. Dais cotinifolia, noticed ~ 3 . ; % 259 Dendrobium anosmum, noticed m PF 138 -—— fimbriatum ; var. oculatum, noted ys 137 -— Kingianum, noticed . ° 7 ‘i 185 ———-—— macrophyllum, noticed . ° . 139 -— moniliforme, noticed ‘ s 114 ————-— Pierardi, noticed ‘ “ ¢ 139 Dendrobium pulchellum ; var. eal eds noticed ; 139 Dianthus Geethadsii, noticed 7 ‘ 259 Dipladenia crassinoda, reference to plate ; ; 145 - - noticed “ ; ; . 18 Disocactus biformis, noticed 5 : . + 65 Disophylla stellata, noticed . 4 - “ F 114 MISCELLANEOUS Dahlias, query ona list of . 4 ° ° 42 December, Floricultural Calendar for > : ; 311 Drainage for pots, remarks on . . : ‘ 214 E. AUTHOR. Enquirer, query by c : P : - 116 ORIGINAL. Echium petrzum, on the culture of - F ‘. 1 Eranthemum pulchellum, observations on . a 3 60 Ericas, observations on a house for . 5 . a 133 —-— on the propagation of . 13 Exhibitions, grand floral 5 ' 154, 199, 243, 261, 266, 290 Exotics, on sowing the seeds of __. f g ; 225 NEW PLANTS. Echeveria Scheeri, noticed . 5 6 . i 138 Echinocactus multiflorus, noticed . ‘ ‘ P 258 ee iat i i hee INDEX. 319 : Page Echinocactus myriostygma, noticed . . . . 236 -—-— oxygonus, noticed . . J ° 185 Echites nutans, noticed F . i ‘ F 139 Echium petreum, reference to plate . é : 1 Epacris Atleeana, noticed -. £ d ; ‘ 139 - coccinea, noticed - : ; i ¢ 139 - elegantissima, noticed . é : ; 140 Epidendrum eridiforme, noticed . : . : 65 ————_-—_ ceratistes, noticed 4 t ; - 20 ——_—_—_-— dipus, noticed . ; . . . 41 ———_-—— Lindenii, noticed : - 211 —————-— macrochilum ; var. roseum, noticed ‘ 18 -— radicans, notiéed 4 < : s 236 ————-— rufum, noticed : ° m 3 138 . Eranthemum strictum, noticed - 4 = 306 Eremostachys laciriata, noticed - ; 2 A 257 Eria Dillwynii, noticed : fac! : . ° Z58 vestita, noticed A - ° - 41 Eriostema cuspidata, noticed ae ike - : 139 - seabra, noticed . - - A - 139 Eustoma exaltatum, noticed A ° - 88 MISCELLANEOUS. Ealing Park, observations on the gardens at = : 143, 186 Erica mutabilis, query on . . . - 237 Erythrina laurifolia, answer on 3 ~ - ° 140 == GN OE . . : . 140 Exotics, remarks on preserving . = é 116 F, AUTHORS. F. G. A., on destroying scale ° ‘ . . 283 F. N. B., on drying An eians offlowers . ° ‘ 190 Felix, query by . ° 4 281 Flora, ipeervetioné on the broom by 3 ° - 98 —-— on planting flowers in masses . . ¢ 74 —-— on the culture of Cyclamen Persicum A 241 Frutex, on’ preserving shrubs from wind . ° 192 UE ieee Ferns, observations on the culture of ‘ 293 Floricultural Society of South London, exhibition of . 243 Floriculture and Horticulture, observations on . . 3 Flower-garden, on providing tender plants for the ‘. 10 Flowers, observations on the culture of $ . é 103 in masses, on planting .. * : 74 320 INDEX. NEW PLANTS, Fedia grauliflora, noticed. ° " Franciscea acuminata, noticed $ i -— Pohliana, reference to plate ‘ Fuchsia picta, reference to plate. ‘ -— Queen Victoria, reference to plate —-—— serratifolia, reference to plate MISCELLANEOUS. _ February, Floricultural Calendar for Flower-garden, query on a plan ofa stands, query on 5 * o . e Flowers, remarks on drying specimens of . . Fuchsias, remarks on grafting 3 for borders, remarks on . Fumigating, remarkson « . G. AUTHOR. G. M.S., query by « . . . . ORIGINAL. Gardenia Stanleyana, on the culture of Gardens of Mexico, remarks on the Gardening, on the history of é Greenhouses, on heating by hot water Gunnera scabra, remarks on F NEW PLANTS. Galanthus reflexus, noticed Gardenia Stanleyana, noticed, 258 ; reference to plate Gaylussaccia pseudovaccineum, noticed, 18 ; reference to plate Genista Spachiana, noticed Pt Gesneria Geoldiana, noticed —-—-— Schiedeana, noticed —__-—_-—. vestita, noticed ‘ Gladiolus festivus, noticed . gracilis, noticed . — hirsutus, noticed . Gloxinia tubiflora, noticed . F Gompholobium barbigerum, noticed — Hendersonii, reference to plate —______-—-—_ versicolor ; var. caulibus purpureis, noticed Gongora truncata, noticed . F ‘ ‘ Goodenia grandiflora, noticed ‘ 5 < Griffinia hyacinthina, noticed e é s '_e2e fe © © @ & @ ee Bo © Come Be or eevee eevee #e@e oe e ef @ . . 21 NE - INDEX. EXTRACTS. 321 Page Gardener's Chronicle, extracts from the, 68, 69, 118, 191, 212, 214, 282 ——-—-— Journal, extracts from . MISCELLANEOUS. Gardener's Society of Regent’s Park, meeting of Gentian, remarks on the dwarf blue. Geranium, see Pelargonium. Gesneria Zebrina, answer on ——_—_—__-——- query on. Glass, on asubstitute for . —--— and Glazing, remarks on —--— labels, remarks on . Glycine Harrissonia, answer on —_—_—_———— query on Sinensis, remarks on Goldfussia glomerata, answer on - query on Guano, queryon . . remarks on . ° H. AUTHORS. H., query by Hamilton, Mr. James, on the Ranunculus ORIGINAL. Hepatica, remarks on the . Horticultural Society of London, exhibition of Hot-water, on heating by =. ° oc PT ew g a Fe NEW PLANTS. Habranthus concolor, noticed . nobilis, noticed . Habrothamnus fasciculatus, noticed . Hebecladus hiflorus, noticed Helcia sanguineolenta, noticed Hindsia longiflora alba, noticed Hoitzia coccinea, noticed Hybauthera cordifolia, noticed Hydrolea spinosa, noticed . REVIEW AND EXTRACTS, Hortus Cantabrigensis, reviewed Hovey’s Magazine of Horticulture, extract from eee om wed + Ge & &-.6 238, 308 308 215 43 42 70 282 191 237 237 71 43 43 43 68, 190 92 30 197 155 86, 297 256 190, 191 322 INDEX. MISCELLANEOUS. Heartsease affected with Mildew, answer on — query on. Heaths, remarks on training Herbaceous plants, alist of Spring flowering Horticultural Society of London, meeting of Hothouse plants, remarks on : : Hoveas, answer on . . . . -—— query on. : Hyacinth stands, remarks on i Hyacinths, answer on és 5 - ——-—_-— query on “ —-—-—— in glasses, remarks on. . if AUTHOR. Isabella, query by . ; 2 ‘ NEW PLANTS. Iochroma tubulosa, noticed é 3 Iris imbricata, noticed 5 : 3 Ixiolirian montanum, noticed Ixora (nov. spec.) noticed . odorata, noticed 2 - MISCELLANEOUS. Insects infesting frames, remarks on ‘ ——w— the Cineraria, remarks on J. AUTHORS. J. E., query by ° J. R., on preserving seeds from birds Johnson, Mr. William, on a new Nemophila. Johnstone, Louisa, on tender plants ‘ Jones, Mr., on Whitney’s prepared Calico . Juvenis, query by. ° E . ORIGINAL. Jacaranda mimosafolia, on the culture of . NEW PLANTS. Jacaranda mimosafolia, reference to plate tomentosa, noticed : Jasminum affine, noticed . : i Justicia (nov. spec.) noticed - < “ef © @ @ 94, 141, 213, 286 115 73 73 305 137 306, 307 a INDEX, 323 ' | Page MISCELLANEOUS. Jacobea Lily, answeron . é . ° 120 January, Floricultural Calendar for . é Fs = 23 Japan Lilies, remarks on. - 5 ‘ . 98, 308 Jasmine, answer on the Cape . : ; 21 — query on the Cape : : : 4 2 K. AUTHOR. Kerrison, Mr. Thomas, query by. . : 90 L. AUTHORS. Lockhart, Messrs. T. and C., a list of Anemones by ‘ 192 Lucy, on the vegetation of seeds’. : - ‘ 238 ORIGINAL. Landscape gardening, remarks on . . ‘ 50 Leschenaultia formosa, on the treatment of . “ : 29 Lobelias, on the culture of . 2 5 a 176 Luculia gratissima, on the culture of ; - “ 79 —— - remarks on “ z 93 NEW PLANTS. Leelia majalis, noticed - : : 60 Laplacea semiserrata, noticed : : ° 19 Laurus pumeo, noticed 3 . ‘ é - 139 Leianthus longifolius, noticed - 3 y 210 Lennia Robinioides, noticed z 3 - : 60 Leochilus herbaceus, noticed a 5 > ° 20 sanguineolentus, noticed . ‘ : 20 Leptotes bicolor, noticed. ° é . : 139 Lilium Thomsonianum, noticed 5 F ° 3 4] Lisianthus glaucophyllus, noticed ’ : 259 —— longiflorus, noticed * . J $ 306 Lobelia Texensis, noticed . 4 ; - , 89 thapsoidea, noticed : ° 114 Luculia Pinciana, noticed, 413; reference to plate - 49 Lupinus ramosissimus, noticed s . : 137 Lycaste fulvescens, noticed . A A . . 305 Lycium Fuchsioides, noticed : - . . 88 MISCELLANEOUS. Lachenalias, remarks on. 2 ° * 286 Lilies, remarks on new hybrid ° . 5 ° 215 324. INDEX. Lilium lancifolium, answer on Sane uery on Lily, answer on the Belladonna —___—__-—_-——. Jacobeea remarks on the Japan . Luculia gratissima, remarks on oe ff © © @ © « @&Qe M. AUTHORS. M.A.,queryby . . . : M. A. (8 , query by ° ° M‘ Intosh, Mr. J., remarks by ° . Mary, remarks by . . ° ° ORIGINAL. Metropolitan Floricultural Society, exhibition of Mignonette, on raising from cuttings - Myosotis Azorica, on the culture of . NEW PLANTS. Mandevillia suaveolens, reference to plate Masdevallia fenestrata, noticed 4 Maxillaria Lyonii, noticed . ‘ -— triangularis, noticed ° Melastoma Niveniana, noticed . Miltonea cuneata, noticed . Mirbelia speciosa, noticed . Musseenda macrophylla, noticed Myoporum serratum, noticed Myosotis Azorica, reference to plate MISCELLANEOUS. Mandevillea suaveolens, answer on = query on Manure, answer on. 5 —-—-—— que! March, ieacalrarst Calendar for May, Fioricultural Calendar for Mignonette, on growing in pots Moss, as a protection from lrost N. NEW PLANT. “Nymphea rubra, noticed . < : *? 2© © -2e« 2 @© © © © @ Page 116 115 192 120 93, 398 214 266, 290 278 1 120 a a INDEX. 325 Page MISCELLANEOUS. : Nemophila, remarks on a new - , a 4 284 November, Floricultural Calendar for « : : 288 O: NEW PLANTS. Odontoglossum Cervantesii, noticed . . - 210 — membranaceum, noticed . ‘ Z 138 CEnetochilus setacea, noticed “ - a 3 139 Oncidium bicallosum, noticed : « F 89 — gallopavinum, noticed . . < 4 138 -— incurvum, noticed : : 305 — spilopteri, noticed . ° ° : 210 -— tricolor, noticed = e 19 Orthrosanthes multiflora, noticed _. : , 19 Ornithidium miniatum, noticed - 7 - 258 Ornithogalum aureun, noticed : f 258 Oxalis discolor, noticed e - - : 66 REVIEW AND EXTRACT. Observations on the culture of Roses in Pots, reviewed 15, 61, 106 Orchidacese of Mexico and Guatemala, extract from = 44 MISCELLANEOUS. October, Floricultural Calendar for . ° : e 263 Orange trees, answeron ° * " - 116 ————- query on : . . . . 116 Orchideous plants, on the culture of “ . é 44 jE AUTHORS. P., query by cy . . ° . . 66 P. M.,remarks by . - . ° . . 119 Paul, Mr. W.,atripto Paris by. : . : 309 Peterson, Mr. A., on the Amaryllis . . ° : 119 ORIGINAL. Pelargoniums, on planting out . 3 . - 130, 147 -—— on the propagation of . . . 247 Pentas carnea, onthe cultureof . “ 76 Petasostylys nigrescens, on the culture of . ° : 290 Pinks, on the lacing of = ° - : e 33 Plants, on growing in rooms ° . : . 194 remarks on potting - . ° . ° pas Pleasure garden, observa'ions on the 926 INDEX, NEW PLANTS. Peonia Whitmannia, noticed Payetta Borbonica, noticed 7 Pelargonium Desdemona, reference to plate -— Heidos, reference to plate Petasostylis nigrescens, reference to plate Peristeria Humboldtii; var. flava, noticed Phezedranassa chloracra, noticed Pheelanops amabile, noticed ° Phlomis Cashmeriana, noticed 2 - Phlox Captivation, reference to plate Phyeella obtusa, noticed . 2 Phyllarthron Bojerianum, noticed. Physianthus auricomis, noticed 3 g Pink Turner’s masterpiece, reference to plate Plantia flava, noticed 5 Pleroma Kunthiana, noticed ——— petiolata, noticed . ° Porphyrocoma lanceolata, noticed Potentilla bicolor, noticed Pronaya elegans, noticed EXTRACT, Prescott’s History of the Conquest of Mexico, extract from . MISCELLANEOUS, Pelargoniums, answer on . ——— on cutting down ——-— query on - Pentstemons, answeron , ° a -—— query on 5 : Petunias, on heading down . . ———— queryon. 2 Phloxes, answer on a list of ° -— query on a list of . . Picotees and Carnations, a list of . query on . Pinks, on preserving from rabbits —--— remarks on the best twelve Plants, a list of climbing 5 : ——-— answer on increasing from cuttings ——— on winter blooming 2 ——— guery on increasing from cuttings Polyanthus, query on the. a Potter’s liquid Guano, remarks on . chee « eRe Aes ee: %e: 16. "9 “ee. we Q. AUTHOR. Q., query by a - f f on 6 (0p e Fe tte. 43, 212, 43, 186, 212, Page 259 138 217 217 290 137 89 139 236 49 20 210 90 241 20 210 42 236 306 185 149 281 237 281 44 44 91 115 260 260 118 213 68 22 67 90 23 90 92 119 43 INDEX, R. * AUTHORS. R. H. P., query by . Reynolds, Mr. George, on inarching the Camellia Rosa, a list of climbing Roses by . . remarks by. E s ORIGINAL. Ranunculus, on raising the, from seed ————-— onthe cultureofthe . - Rose, on budding the . 3 . on grafting and striking the . 2 NEW PLANTS. Rhododendron; var. conspicua, noticed - — -— Smithi-Chandleri, noticed ———-—— venustum, noticed Rhodosthema gardenioides, noticed . Rhus diversiloba, noticed ~ Ribes sanguineum flore- -pleno, noticed Rondeletia longiflora, reference to plate ——-—-— speciosa major, noticed Rueilia lilacina, noticed F ‘ — macrophylla, noticed ——— maculata, noticed . o *e's0: @ « © te ce *s MISCELLANEOUS. Rabbits, on preserving Pinks, &e., from Ranunculus, on the cultivation of the : Red Spider, on the destruction of . Rhodanthe Manglesii, query on : Rhododendrons, on budding : 2 Rose, remarks on the Banksian * Roses, a list of climbing - 5 - —— late blooming 5 : ———_—__—— moss. : - —————— perpetual . ———_—_—_—_ training 5 ° —-—atripinsearchof . - answer onalistof . : : —-— on increasing by cuttings ; e —-— query on a list of - A S. AUTHORS. S., on winter blooming plants F P Sarah Elizabeth, on the culture of flowers . 327 Page 21 32 93 Ad 174 30 231 275 139 139 139 259 211 210 121 90 89 307 307 68 191 69 43 286 23 285 261 285 282 93 308 , 282 44 , 282 23 103 328 INDEX, Senex, on drainage for pots . ——— on gr afting and striking the Rose ——— on succulents : ‘ an Stokes, Mr. J. P., remarks by ° : Suburbanus Norvicensis, query by . : ORIGINAL. Salvias, on planting out ‘ 4 4 Seeds, on the production of perfect . 8 Sweet Williams, observations on double . NEW PLANTS. Salpichroa glandulosa, noticed . Salpixantha coccinea, noticed . Salvia azurea, noticed 2 5 —--— strictiflora, noticed . 4 —--— tubiformis, Noticed . . Sczevola attenuata, noticed . - Scelochilus Ottonis, noticed H Schromburgkia tibicinus-gr andiflora, noticed —-—-— undulata, noticed . Selago distans, noticed - _ Sida graveolens, noticed . ‘ Peonifiora, noticed . ; Sidophyllum longifolium, noticed . Siphocamphylus coccinea, reference to plate Smeathmannia levigata, noticed Solanum macranthum, noticed Spathoglottis Fortuni, noticed Spiranthus lobata, noticed . Spirea Douglassi, noticed . ——— Lindleyana, noticed ——— Reevesi, noticed “ Stachytarpheta (nov. spec.), noticed Stanhopea Bucephalus, noticed _ Stapelia cactiformis, noticed é Statice (nov. spec.), noticed - ——— Fortuni, noticed 4 2 Stephanotus floribundus, noticed. ° Strelitzia augusta, noticed ° : Styphelia tubiflora, noticed . : Syringa Emodi, noticed ° . . MISCELLANEOUS. Scale, remarks on destroying . Seeds, on preserving from birds ° —--— on promoting the vegetation of September, Floricultural Calendar for Shrubs, on planting evergreen ° to preserve from injury by-wind Slugs, query on destroying : 6.6 8 2 8 @ ae eg ee «2. 2S ae & £6. are oer # @ o oe DE wt a 6. -s. Bowe $8, Aree tle ltl emer nw @ 6 INDEX. 329 Page Stocks, remarks on i ‘ ss ‘ 912 ——— and Wallflowers, answer on 4 . 21 SS SS om query on z , . 21 Strelitzia rezinee, arfswer orf "° ‘ : ° 21 ——————— query on : . ° : 21 Succulents, remarks on - ; ° : : 47 : ; 2! bods AUTHOR, The Foreman ofa London Nursery, on sowing the seeds of exotics 225 ——_—_———--— ——— -on the propagation of Ericas 13 ORIGINAL. Tropzolum Lobbianum, on the culture of . 3 ° 25 Tuberose, remarks onthe . “ - ‘ - 83 NEW PLANTS, Tacsonia mollissima, noticed ; “ = : 280 Tasmannia aromatica, noticed y s : 4“ 236 Tetratheca hirsuta, noticed 4 “ z ¥ 19 Tetrunema Mexicana, noticed i A F :. 258 Tigridia lutea, noticed = of 4 : 66 Tillandsia vitellina, noticed e > 66 Trachelium linearis, noticed . 3 5 - : 307 Tradescantia Zebrina, noticed : - 139 Trimezia Meridensis, noticed a . 2 L 20 Tropzolum Brickwoodii, reference to plate . F 146 — — Lobbianum,, reference to plate A 7 25 Turnera ulmifolia, noticed . . - 4 A P4 REVIEW. The Lady’s Country Companion, reviewed . « 134, 179 MISCELLANEOUS. Tagetes tenuifolia, remarks on . ° . : 308 Thrip, on destroying the . - . ; 68, 238 Tobacco-water, answer on , “ ° : - 260 ————---—— queryon . . + . ° 260 Tropzolum pentaphyllum, query on ° . : 91 a —— tricolorum, remarks on > - 4 70 Va AUTHOR. Van Houtte, M. Louis, on the Alstromeria . . 270 Vou, XIII. No, 154. 2»v 330 INDEX. ORIGINAL. Vasalia floribunda, on the culture of . Verbenas, on planting out . F NEW PLANTS. Vasalia floribunda, reference to plate ° Viola Neapolitana ; var. arborea, noticed MISCELLANEOUS. Verbenas, query on ‘ . . W. - AUTHORS. W. W,on budding the Rose Wilson, Mr. J. D., on Leschenaultia formosa ORIGINAL. Weather, a few words on the 3 Whitney’s prepared Calico, observations on NEW PLANT. Whitfieldia laterita, noticed = 3 MISCELLANEOUS. Walks, to free from weeds 5 Wallflowers and Stocks, answer on , ———— —— -——_ ——— query on Wasp’s Nests, on destroying < Wireworm, remarks on 2 . @ eee oe is .m 8 Page 146 130 146 307 115 231 29 234 26 236 91 21 21 70 214 INDEX, EMBELLISHMENTS. Allamanda Cathartica ; : A Bouvardia flava ; - ‘i Calandrinia umbellata Cheenostoma polyantha Cynoglossum longifolium Dipladenia crassinoda Echium petreum Franciscea Pohliana Fuchsia picta . Queen Victoria -— serratifolia Gardenia Stanleyana Gaylussaccia pseudovaccineum Gompholobium Hendersoni Jacaranda mimosafolia Luculia Pinciana Mandevillea suaveolens Myosotis Azorica Pelargonium Desdemona Heidos Petasostylis nigrescens Phlox Captivation Pink Turner’s Masterpiece Rondeletia longiflora Siphocampylus coccinea Tremandra Hugellii Tropeolum Brickwoodii Lobbianum Vasalia floribunda o 24-0 on 6-8 og 6) 0 Oe pape © 6. oe 68. ey 8) 8 3) 2) a) 4 331 80 : : A ; ict ti onygiuneg 1 a ne LONDON: iuowmba alk peaaeieamare Printed sax, sarin" teeta : se - » Stamford Street. » #G. ee RG ‘ P B rn} ¥ eno losrane SS 7 , WE W PEART. O04 avines&. om hee j a ae ees soalopiuten De essary T Ard | (21 - . . « ‘ & iNhtyagl hi ¥ 1 e- o a S . ~ . 7 are youd aalhgeging Se . ‘ : + idfogu Tt walt PERE e ~- “Wes i ; + Tibtewoindt ms WE «So's : ‘ f $ REA dod - cee - . . ser, 4 . 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