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: — E
ag
— EEE 4 = =
United States Department of Agriculture } erate
Bureau of Biological Survey ix APRA. 109
e ] Win) fee ere

Wildlife Research and Management Leaflet BS

font

iD

a 8. Deparinunt of Bee cubare

a WEN a Ti

: Washington, D. C. * Revi ccd , Biereaemseqeicanuni OG ZG mceimertcconnt

FRUITS ATTRACTIVE TO BIRDS — FLORIDA
REGION-No, 10

By W. L. McATEE, Principal Biologist and Technical Adviser
Office of the Chief

——-

Regions for which leaflcts on fruits attractive to birds are available . .
HID CeRYaIO) CLUTCH RIA Tame taibern-t lyre st oal il reoiplures Meher’ GE TesiKot tar ‘st SetveC Ree te lie We. ep (ol gdee: Yorte Pau diel ale Calnite

Table 1.--Groups of fleshy fruits most attractive to birds throughout the
UNE ECL WOWOS ISS Pap @ Oltd 1G IC GU OMe alas Nie, CRS mri Ie: Tamme ol suc comS <onl Clic

Table 2.-—-Fruits suitable for Zone 1 for which satisfactory data on
PUM GNC TSO TS OMG mT OMplay Chet Cia! coy 8. eo st AR | Ske Ss hae cae tel eee

Table 3.--Fruits suitable for Zones 2 and % for which satisfactory
Ga aOn seule tao Seasons) arene acket Shull tase ery fie Mis) Sh aa ls) ele) eh lee Ie

Table 4.--Fruits of Zones and 5 for which satisfactory data on
Ae GUSC MME ISS A SOMGS) ele wanvenlicuDMGnis) sh te Glee ONE). ie Ss ye ws ge vel oe cer lee OE ete

IDA PS BN Ss Aires, ia Ae Cem cere ARAN eee ua cre Res ROR et RN eS A a a SR 2

REGIONS FOR WHICH LEAFLETS ON FRUITS ATTRACTIVE TO BIRDS ARE AVAILABLE

FIGURE 1.--Map of the United States, showing the 10 regions used in

presenting information on fruits attractive to birds.

As an aid in requesting leaflets, it should be noted that No. BS-41
is for region 1; BS-42, for region 2, etc,, with BS-50 for regien 10.

FIGURE 2.--Planting zones of Florida.

-2Z@=

INTRODUCTION

Due to geographical location and the climate-modifying
effect of surrounding waters, conditions in Florida vary so
creatly that recommendations as to planting must be given by
zones, The zones adopted (Fig. 2, p. 2) are those used by the
Florida Agricultural Experiment Station in its publications on
ornamental plants. The author of those publications, Professor
Harold Mowry, has kindly criticized the tables included in this
leaflet and assisted in other ways. Cooperation of W. M
Buswell, of Fort Myers, and of H. Harold Hume, of Glen Saint
Mary, also is acknowledged.

Table 1 shows groups of fleshy fruits most attractive
to birds throughout the United States and lists desirable kinds
Ot Dadssmost Pond of the fruit. No barberries, currants, or
buckthorns are listed, because they harbor rusts destructive to
plants of economic importance. Junipers ere in almost the same
category, as they serve as alternate hosts for apple rust, but
there is no reason why they cannot be used in districts where
apples are not commercially gsroim, as they are among the most
valuable plants for wildlife. Omitted also are plants poison-
ous to man on contact, as poison ivy and poison sumac, as well
2S various kinds dangerously poisonous to domestic animals, as
yews, wild cherries, and nightshades, in spite of the fact that
wild cherries are greatly relished by birds. Browsing animals
are knowm to have been killed by feeding on the leaves of wild
cherries but do not seem to be so seriously affected by those
of plums. Certain plants included among fleshy fruit bearers
in previous publications have been transferred to the list of
seed producers, hence do not appear in the present series of
leaflets. These include magnolia (Magnolia), bittersweet
(Celastrus), and burningbush (Euonymus).

It should be noted that the fruit-bearing seasons re-
corded, being collected from varied sources, tend to-ve maxima.
As a rule they are not likely to be realized or even approached
in a single locality unless numerous specimens of a ziven
species are present and so distributed in sun and shade as to
favor both early and late fruiting.

Reg. 10 Sree

31
TABLE 1. - Groups of fleshy ee most attractive to birds throughout the
United States

Name of fruit : Species of birds known to eat the fruit

Generic + {'3/? Desirable kinds most fond of the fruit

Common

Juniper; Hodcodaae! : Flicker, mockingbird, robin, eastern |
bluebird, cedar waxwing, myrtle warbler, |

: evening and pine grosbeaks, purple finch.

JUNIPETUSY se. s552 2 OO

Greenbrier .ocoeee Sm laxivcw sce cienns 40 Mockingbird, catbird, brown thrasher,

robin, hermit thrush, cardinal.

ERY DOPTY < cites |e cise Myrica .ecccoe : 85 3: Bobwhite, flicker, downy woodpecker,
: : eastern phoebe, tree swallow, black-
: : capped chickadee, Carolina wren, cat-
: : bird, brown thrasher, hermit thrush,
sus : eastern bluebird, white-eyed vireo,

: Myrtle warbler, meadowlark, towhee.

© 8 © of 88 C8 ee 90 89 e828 of

Hackberry ...eeeee : Celtis ....... : 47 : Flicker, yellow-bellied sapsucker,
mockingbird, brown thrasher, robin,
eastern bluebird, cedar waxwing,
cardinal.

59 Yellow-billed cuckoo, red-bellied, red-
: headed, and downy woodpeckers, eastern
: kingbird, mockingbird, catbird, robin,
: wood thrush, cedar waxwing, red-eyed

: wireo, yellow warbler, orchard and
Baltimore orioles, scarlet tanager,

: cardinal, purple finch.

Mulberry @eeeeeseose Morus ecoeeoe se

ee ee@ © 00 ee 8 of

ee eo 8% 88 088 ef

@2 ©@ ©° ee of
°

POKeEDCITY weccesee ; Phytolacca eee : 52 ; Mourning dove, flicker, eastern kingbird,

: : : mockingbird, catbird, robin, hermit, |
: : : oOlive-backed, and gray-cheeked thrushes, —
. : eastern bluebird, cardinal. a

Spicebush ........ : Benzoin ...... : 17 : Eastern kingbird, wood thrush, veery,
: : : red-eyed vireo.

Sassafras ........ : Sassafras .... : 18 : Bobwhite, eastern kingbird, catbird,

$ : : robin, veery, red-eyed vireo.

Strawberry .....e. : Fragaria ..... : S& : Catbird, brown thrasher, robin, wood
: ; : thrush, towhee.

TABLE 1. - Groups of fleshy fruits most attractive to birds throughout the
United States--Continued

Name of fruit

Species of birds known to eat the fruit

Common

Raspberry, black-
berry

Rose @eeeeeo00d00880808

Mount ain-ash eeoo0d
Chokeberry .-.ccce
Hawthorn .cccccocce

Apple eCoececeesesecce

Juneberry eeoeeenve ®

Pepperberry ..c.ce.

@e 08 02 60 88 egies ee

ee @e © ee ee eo 0

Generic

Rubus eoeeeeoed

; Rosa @eeeeee 88

Sorbus ..ccce

2 ee ce celles eo

eo 00 8 oe 00 88 ee ve

ee ee e060 oe

Aronia .cccce :

Crataegus .ce

Malus @oeoeee 8

Amelanchier .

Rhus eseneege

@e@ o¢ of

Schinus .ecce :

low
®
rf

~
nS
fez)

12

20 @0 00 of

Desirable kinds most fond of the fruit

Ruffed. grouse, bobwhite, flicker, red-
headed woodpecker, eastern kingbird,
tufted titmouse, wren tit, mockingbird,
catbird, brown thrasher, robin, wood and
olive-backed thrushes, eastern bluebird,
cedar waxwing, red-eyed vireo, orchard
and Baltimore orioles, cardinal, rose=-
breasted, black-headed, and pine
grosbeaks, red-eyed, spurred, ana
California towhees, white-throated, fox,
and song sparrows.

Ruffed and sharp-tailed grouse, prairie
chicken, bobwhite.

Red-headed woodpecker, catbird, brown
thrasher, robin, Bohemian and cedar
waxwings, Baltimore oriole, evening and
pine grosbeaks.

Brown thrasher, meadowlark.

Ruffed grouse, robin, purple finch, pine
grosbeak.

: Ruffed grouse, ring-necked pheasant,

mockingbird, robin, cedar waxwing,
purple finch, pine grosbeak, red
erossbill.

: Flicker, catbird, robin, hermit thrush,

veery, cedar waxwing, Baltimore oriole.

: Ruffed grouse, bobwhite, valley quail,

northern and red-shafted flickers, red-=
bellied and downy woodpeckers, phoebe,
black-capped and Carolina chickadees,
wren tit, Carolina wren, mockingbird,
catbird, brown and California thrashers,
robin, hermit thrush, eastern bluebird,
white-eyed vireo, towhee, Audubon's
warbler, goldfinch, golden-crowned
sparrow.

; Robin, varied and hermit thrushes, cedar

waxwing, phainopepla.

TABLE 1. - Groups of fleshy fruits most attractive to birds throughout the
United See ee

Name of fruit :

Species of birds known to eat the fruit

Common : Generic ‘ums

e
e

Desirable kinds most fond of the fruit

Holly eo4aeereeceesnen Ilex eoovsecoe 48

Berchemia ... : 15

Supplejack..ccccee

Grape eeeeoeoeneaocdeoeeo > Vitis eeceeeoe 87

Virginia creeper . Ampelopsis .. 38

Buffaloberry .ecce Shepherdia ..

eo 99 @0@ © 96 06 98 08 @0 oe oo

Silverberry, Rus- Elacagnus ooo. :

sian olive, etc.

eo 08 08 © 00 ee 89 of 89° oe 68 89 98 89 o6 08 oe 9% 88 eo 08 0

Wild-sarsaparilla Arvralia ccscee 2) “26
DOZWOOd ..ccccccces COIMUS «ceces 3 9G
Sourgum, tupelo .. : Nyssa ..e.e05 3 39
Crowberry ...e+e.e. ; Empetrum.....: 40
Bearberry, manza- : Arctostaphylos: 354

nita
=Ge

e

Ruffed grouse, bobwhite, valley quail,
flicker, yellow-bellied sapsucker,
mockingbird, catbird, brown thrasher,
robin, hermit thrush, eastern bluebird,
cedar waxwing.

Mockingbird, robin.

Ruffed grouse, bobwhite, northern and
red-shafted flickers, pileated and red-
bellied woodpeckers, eastern kingbird,
mockingbimd, catbird, brown thrasher,
robin, wood thrush, veery, eastern and
western bluebirds, cedar waxwing,
cardinal.

: Flicker, red-bellied and red-headed wood-=

peskers, yellow-beliied sapsucker,
tufted titmouse, mockingbird, brown
thrasher, robin, hermit, olive-backed,
and gray-cheeked thrushes, eastern blue-
bird, red-eyed vireo, scarlet tanager,
evening grosbeak, purple finch.

Sharp-tailed grouse, pine grosbeak.

Prairie chicken, sharp-tailed grouse,
ecatbird, robin, cedar waxwing.

Bobwhite, robin.

Ruffed grouse, bobwhite, northern and
red=-shafted flickers, downy woodpecker,
eastern kingbird, catbird, brown
thrasher, robin, wood, hermit, olive-
backed, and gray-cheeked thrushes,
eastern bluebird, cedar waxwing, red-
eyed and warbling vireos, cardinal,
evening and pine grosbeaks, purple finch,
white-throated and song sparrows.

: Flicker, robin, olive-backed and gray-

: Dusky and ruffed grouse,

cheeked thrushes,
finch.

cedar waxwing, purple

Pine grosbeak, snow bunting.

valley and
mountain quail, wren tit, fox sparrow.

TABLE 1. = Groups of fleshy fruits most attractive to birds inde throughout the
cee States--Continued ;

eo 06

Name of fruit species of birds known to eat the fruit

Common * Generic a * Desirable kinds most fond of the fruit
Wintergreen ...... : Gaultheria .. : 10 ; “Ruffed grouse, wren tite ss

Huckleberry ...... : Gaylussacia . AGrins ‘Robin, pine grosbeak, towhee. |

e- e8 ef

93; Ruffed grouse, valley quail, eastern ©
; kingbird, black-capped chickadee, tufted
: titmouse, catbird, brown thrasher, robin,
; hermit thrush, eastern bluebird, * cedar

: : waxwing, orchard GEES pine grosbeak,

: : towhee.

Blueberry ..ccecsce Vaccinium ...

eo © 002 cf oe ee
°

Beautyberry ...... : Callicarpa. : 11 : Mockingbird, brown-thrasher.
Partridgeberry ... : Mitchella ae ead O he ue RSIS ‘grouse.

Milelebellspysle GOO GOOG Sambucus .... PELL a: syaliley quail, flicker: ‘red-headed wood.

pecker, eastern and Arkansas kingbirds,

8 : : black phoebe, wren tit, mockingbird,
3 eile: '; catbird, brown and California thrashers,
5 5 . 3: robin, olive-backed thrush, eastern and
: 8 3 western piuobirds, phadmopeplas red=_.

: > eyed vireo, rose-breasted and black-

3. -; headed grosbeaks, California towhee,

'; White-crowned Saag

Symphoricarpos: 33 ; Sharp-tailed grouse, varied thrush,
8 : evening and pine- GEOSDeRES:

Snowberry, coral-
berry

Blackhaw, cran-
berrybush

Viburnum .... : 35 : Ruffed grouse, yellow-billed auleeooy

3 a flicker, catbird, brown thrasher, robin,
$ ; Mah _ eastern bluebird, cedar waxwing, rose-
: & ; - breasted grosbeak, purple finch.

°
‘ee

: Lonicera .... : 18 -: Bobwhite, catbird, brown thrasher, robin,
: + 3 hermit thrush, pine enoebers: white=-
: : throated sparrow.

Honeysuckle ....-.

1/ parberries (Berberis) , buckthorns (Rhamus), and currants (Ribes) are omitted
because they serve as alternate hosts of rusts, attacking wheat,.oats, and white pine,
respectively. Yews (Taxus), wild cherries (Prunus) , and nightshades: (Solanum) also
are omitted as betae) dangerous stock poisoning- plants.

2/ When 10 or more.
3/ Carries apple rust; should not be ‘planted near valuable orchards.

4/ Only nonpoisonous species of sumac are considered.

5/ Data given are based entirely on field observations; total number of birds
eating the various species of Blaeagnus unknown.
a

TABLE 2.--Fruits suitable for Zone 1 for which satisfactory data on

fruiting scasons are lacking

(This list includes both native and introduced species.
Mumbers in Remarks column refer to zones)

Common name Scientific name Remarks
CHAMECSeeIUNTPST toe ose AudUniperus, chInencisie Ty sueeres ae

Buccaneer palim: |i 6 es
Saw cabbage paim. ...

Pseudophocnix samsenita .'h) «4
PaUrOGis awa chitas es acpesne i ecmemes

Silver palm, istogu 3 fe Coecothrinax arzenteaue = iam eae

Sawepolmetite.: <i 4c {eels sperenOansemrulatam a ecw So) alison

Needle palm sl. .3 2 5. Rhapddephyl lum: by siaeiocuieigeumenss 2 also.

JAMES palmetto... so a: 0: Sabal) jamestana Vite. tee de wa emis i

Bilackburn palmettoe: <4 —} -sabval,.bllackbuimmaanacy.. taneece en &

Cappeasepalmebton: s-.-. > Sabal palmettowsus nsec ee onolesor

Florida thatch palm. . Thrimaxy PLOT s dana udeiscy moa eae ecw nee

Mey tuarch palm: 2... » -; Bhwinax Keyewsiis:t. 0) iss eo

Britole thatch palm. . ‘| Sminax mie rocanwa, acs) ee ieuseel

Macarthuripalm: asi. « > Actinophloeus macarthurmiize ia... =

Menara palinie- c's eu . / AG@oniidivay merma Ge eames,

Aaieuny PalMckes).0 a0. ‘Arikuryrobaschizophylta. cares 3

Buea palm ic ei: ote 4 Wu krengarsecchariifere: ci ieee ue ay

pS Gat Paks ei. sis ‘ CaRryOCAM MIS So) sha cadonieedne erent une

Hoedayapaim: % i x. sia0 | Caryota,unens 5.4 1oe eee 1. a euSOl.

MONE Palm bats ss Chrysatidocarpus lutescens. .. :

Coquasba,. pads. 40 #52" 6.0% ‘ UbAee! SPeCtai ll saa ee neem / 2 also.

Scnceal date palm. . . « Phoenix reclinata, i), «ch pee

Iimdda date padm: ... «+ - : Phoenic-scmivestiis.) tnas o- oeeeeeeus

Australian fan palm. . a VaSTONMa aus Galiae.. | ingen ease: | 2 also.

Chimese fan palm... .« Livistonia chinensis... 0016 a Do.

Sieele= thom. ci. | Asparagus sfallentusi . 2) eiealenier ee Do.

Guconibrmrerms, £. ai. se. (2 Smillam Navanenstics Aigo s onsen

Wearmmivaintie fie S550 % «) s ‘Myrica. ..... s+... .. +: ANY native Seeeoes

Hiden Aurel css ca. Gs» ¢ PUCUS MItda See jet ealueier eae sells

Weepine Vaured-.. 5 . ss ileus, enamine ae uecets eee eee Do.

inoweoye es oat 4, OS PHCUS, ol GAS Si males Gol, (Slee aetna Do.

Vip erte ete, 42s ws) ay, CSS OUS co reva Pods wach eer. aan Do.

Sunaneler fig. 2s 6 % MEAICUS MS URC a: 5 cas, Mee a arene

India rubbertree. ... ‘PUCUS CliAStalica saci memese ei iuuetucune Gant

DOCG DUO 4 ee si eG PUCUSH Inte CLOm les enseie aon ee ars

TrEMpeG: GLOC aot ue Cecropla: Pel tatan wei wel weer tetune

Biaclke mulberry... 1 sis MOTUS: MAHER Woy) Cele ay Moe Mel Hepes Relee nen

Red mulberry ss +s sek By Vokmblspeaatel stcVauns Cea ne ye te ese Un eG 9

White mulberry. .... “ Momus! adi Dare Aa \ ema ceataorar a ceimemihe tyres

DIEA-PGANC: 2) er ielae. Gite : Coccolobi s Uvairenas i. aa omni neem SO
Do. CR eecoae joni , CoccolObI Ss Miaumaitioda) 10sec, sepa Do.

House: Plant... 6 ~« s..99).. )auivina humiliisy: 2s te eee ns oe ecoE

ROMEO TY) hs 6. 6 Sera Phytolacca calaidia Sa. Wiirene Cue omc eso

WOndaMple 5 .6. hs ea WANT one, “labor ms Sl ei aac we turemiecs pec Do.

Aliicator apple . << . 2% MWAnnOna: palustris 5 tyrone feltent

Comadn WAGs, keine! fone te, 24 Cebatha, Lomi olaiey soci caren unis: aie 2 also.

- 8 - Ree. £0

TABLE 2.--Fruits suitable for Zone 1 for which satisfactory data on
fruiting seasons are lackine--Continued

Common name ‘ Scientific name : Remarks
EEO wie @age ne) ol emrSea) IihLOralis . . 64 . « . +. :2 also.

IDO)o a 68 Be sey iar oe Fer esie rey layla ta) eee mcr cnn Cenc eer aan Do.
eae cs) 2 oy) Gl «| Pe OrSea, DOTDOMIO). 9% © « o's 1 oO OlSO6.,
PaeGevOode ls sa a 1 OCOLee, Gaotvesbyana. «< sn. « « » « ‘eo. Oso.

Gio wMamunOrn < . + = } Raphiolepis adndaca, 2 <6: » = « : . DO.
Moen See a aes) EGLODOLTYyayJODONUCA, «cues 2 + Do.
Eoccamolum — 5. . =. + Chmysoballonus ieaco . ... 5. <« +. Dow
Do. Ve a Comycobnlanus petloOtanpus: << - « «: . 200%
Comune pwle i. «9. . s Onrysobalanus pallidus, =. << ss « ; DIO)s
EoaPPpenDO mma 6 1 liapiniumsimammba, as. > « | hi
Chtmetoiormey, 6s) 4 4 « | Melia azedwreach « « «.%1 » .. + -36 ALSO.
SUM Cini se 6 5 4 SN Ras Obtmowsolia.. w 6.2.1) - » » ‘2 and S also.
Omens) Geers OI Sue Comber cues Caer a ss
Bepmomunee: w=. . . « « * schinus texebinthifolius, = . . ...<2 also.
ILOIULY © 5 “oF AGT HSN -GlMRomION cone UNE ebic ichablesal aver RO GuO eo) CeieinriaOr aiamr
eMImEMCn cer oho «Wits tiliatOlia, 65 + aoe. ece es |
Do. 9 “ono Lael losbios re Wal WEL GO OR ALEYOOS: 16 macrercmCN ices OW SieccmtO
Pmmenn eet tow sf). as Ciccucecticyoidesy. ac) alt lm a) 2halsos
ORME oe.) ne oa RRCAIS CMmanO RODS ie Engl See ws | DOs

IS OMe MEIC = cpio «a ae
Virginia creeper ...
PASSHOMELOWET . . s « -

Amp ohOmeis wmDGCA ys «less oy) = ) LSOle
Ampevopsis Qudnguerodia ~.. =. . =. 2 also.
DASSiLe? LOTS IOSIROSS) ANN oo We OS

Do. Seeretn el Sarre: ish Ke ASS Oma SOx OMA hy fy ge leh = |:

Do. ee eS cimMlomaoenS) Gs os 1 5 ||
Sasunemeencnity = a a9. .... MUfenia uniflora, «. . « «..-. -. + also.
Peat chortmy . % . * Rugenia dombeya ...: =... . i Do.
SIMMS tOpper s. . . . + HUgenia buxifolia «. . . =» =. = «>. : Do.

PeOmEInep OCI wav s-.8 6 = > MUPenIa Confuse « .. 9... 2 « «
OCLC. INUSSILS), SiSIM IOS 6 GG 6 86.55 40 an) 6
Seeomornry fuava . . . ; Psidium cattleianum. ....-. .-

2 also e
DBEMECVOOG «2.6 6. « « Calyptranthes peliens << . . .....

Do.

Pe ever 6 4 6 Se VACCIMNIUM . » sca + .- - -..--.. » + dny native species,

USIP S06) lee Rapanea guyanensis .....,. .. :+& also.

ROCHE. se « --« *. lacacorea paniculata <. ..-.-.. : Do.

EEeeminOm somo. - « - .« » DLOSpyros Vireiniana . .-.... . 3 alsoe

Se Ocmmialomiuashwe wi « o « NCMEAS GAPOsG 6 6 « «+ sa 6 «

Wma olive ..... . . : Sideroxylon mastichodemdron .... |

Paeouoneplun a . 1. . : Bumeliia ansuctitolaa > -.% . 2 3 d
‘2 also.
Do.

HOt pGiVel =< . . « MORES tera OOMMNOSE) de i)
Priende Olive 2%. 6 s 6 ss Osmanthus floridana ...... .
ECP ee 6s 6 « + 6 6 Ligustrum corlandrum ..... .-

Do. RE GCENG. CLO? "6 iieustrum OvelihOltum . 6 . + «2 alSOr
Hedge thorn Sie ie nes Carissa acuminata. ....-.-+ +. =: Do.

ceooteolum . . «3. 5 « - Carissa granditlora «3. +--+ ; Dd.
Poeemnomy=ViNne ~. .-. . « UYCIUM CarOlimaanum . <2» = - «- } Do.
Burmpe Cestrum . . .« ; CectisumeclecaniSum sea ca 2 5 se:

weeasecestrum . . . . : Gestrum AuranbiaCum . 9%... = «
Night—blooming cestrum. : Cestrum nocturnum ..-:;.....
memo wo: os) 6 sy Se DEeMNa OGOraAbvuUM a. so se aie.

Reg. 10 ay ee eS

TABLE 2.--Fruits suitable for Zone 1 for vhich satisfactory data on
fruiting seasons are lacking--Continued

Common name_ ei: ~" §Seientific name ' Remarks

Beautyberry .... tama : Callicarpa americana 2. 2) 7. a = eto) alicue
EM ATV Ely oo yo) Mee mee aut, Sar es . +; Lantana THVOLUCT SAGAN No) nin anes Ret Do.

Do. coo Cale a ater ae ‘ Lantana odorata ia gas oly oe Gate Coe ae ee
Glory bower a... 1 - 2) ds Clerodendron™thomsonas ei ees
Srey OW ET a. te 5 Gs es ane) Duranta PLUMVS TI Mere ae 50 acc nea spay ee
Eageonberm: i. = 4)... ..) . Durante mepens) ms en) Wee omen

S@amilet bushes 5-5) so -e a 6 i: Hanelia DAteHS See ewe eee Se econ
DIEOWIDCLTY anise + 12 as) 6 t CON OCOeCona | Demrcu sine me tittle mee
Do. Shi dice aoa mea ue Chiccoces pinetorum <2 ~ 2) - 2 2a:
SPeICOMECe s.-s) .o - e) S ‘ Psychotria undata.-. 7 0 2 2 = A eeeer eter
Do. Pee tse ier Payenotraet Dahamensisy <0 see ee
Boe. eS es 2 2d EP SY ChOtriatsillznert (2) 0 oe ene eee
HONG 550, Se), ob elie 2. ‘ 5 /Ixora coccinea and other species). 2s DOR

miderberry -. .-. . . i s ¢ . Sambucus intermediac =") 2 2 3 5 cs ioeotcomm
AUTOS DLMUS 475s.) 54 a ve : Viburnum TAMUGE i ete eh ye veteen as eee

TABLE 3.-=—F nits suitable for Zones 2'and 3 for which satisfactory data

on fruiting seasons are lacking:

7. E : = +: - 3 =
‘(this list includes: both native and introduced species.
Numbers, in Remarks colum refer to zones)

Common nane - anes Scientific name

Meedie palm «<5 4 i ss «5 maidens Aller hyis tits, se 2) a) Deecues
Canany date-palm’ .'. . = * , Phoenix Canaricnsis ss. s Gl ep ceee JO.

Boneet palm . . . ms » +. |. ~ Bula bomeeia si, oso eee

PASO pal aves: bijou w = wo BObLe Capltatagss oe ci eyeseek oe) Sameer ee
Wommyrtle . ...:. ie ww « } MYPLCA. 2 Ja 5 ce lees eee ee 8 8 0 = abe) ee
BUACK HUMDETTY. is. 4» « © | MOUS Miers cece) g ey a folly Were: cies
MEG MULOCTTY G2 «© » + «6 ¢ MOUS Tubre 5 246 0. us. eee
Wiebe mE ber: ah ss ws ss ue to G MOTUS Gl Deen, 2c) eeu ee
CAIMDANS PLS a. os 4 ve a PL CUS yom, cones ee) oo) eee
Comal bead, aus a. se. « «| Cebatha camolana ..c. wis ae ete
Sassafras . ..'........... : Sagsafras variifolium ......+:
Spicebush . ..» « « «..., s-«1.Benzoin melissacfolium.. .. . - « =) dvomiye
Camphor=tree. ++. i. \........ | Cimnamomumucamphowa <.. a) © Je isp es bat

Bilack. chokeberry 2 4... . .. {Aronia melanocaspags .a a) a) ie fe
Purple chokeberry -.’......s» ; Aronia atropurpurca <7... - «=<
Southern crabapple ........ ;Malus angustifolia .........
JUNE berry. <j). 4:2. sss. Amelanehter canadgensucic. «| jis lei

Do. outs ee s+ i. s AMGLonchier oplomeatolsda, «ol jn i) Renene
HGWUNOT. 6 eyes eyes: Je CEALACRUSSCOGUIgv en cue i.e ir ee ere ee

DOs +s ops «clas wus: Crataoeus youlehormniney is. As) sen ay Sacee

Do. oe sy) * col gs) gia. Oa taccds spat mulattey amen ie, Mekal emeaedeie
HCAMAW 6. 2 6 » Voehgins 1o (e) OPA LAC SUS vps cuey ge mien el) Salles 0

Do. oo te wee Mey onie. OTADACLUS CONSAM CERO iui: les annie Late

Do. 6% sce y ie | OPAUACEUS yc rien nei | wie) let var Ss) rele Saige
HEONGTIOMT <i, ss) 0) “eh dae Pep. ae te . Ppyracanthe Coceinea, 11.1 Ws aeeie, oh cic

- 10 ~ ‘Reg. 1t

“TABLE. Be --Bruits sui table for 2 i os ESB

Common name

GOMASie CIHMULG Voi 4 0 6
Chamaberry .) Vie «2.
-Fragrant sumac...
mHMooth. sumac 1... ..
Staghorn:sumac .-. .
Se SaisO wale) A weer

HEROS EADS. Gwe euAl
Rawverbank grape... 3
sweet winterszrape...-
Leeecumac CLECUEIR: op

amine kB
Yellow. passionflower
Purple grenadilla. .
MSA MerWOOds) ies.)
DOROOGs sls: egies «.
SUVA OLWMOOG gs. < -
Flowering dogwood. .
Hereules—clubw 2%.
Mckalteperarye ake s
IB ILWICS IOC CIOs ear ere ae
IOUS Las oe See
INGI@I ay ae er ar

IDO) 5, “55-day
HPTERC? UCC ove fie io
PICT) OW Bae hea ae ee

IDO Se ees Fenn ee arene

HD Ove bei chain So lg

DOGS SAae ae Semen
WORAING Aatme n ue ak
Helnvotrzope- tree. . .
Matrimony-vine .°..
Chugiian cestrum. . ;
MANOS 6 Sas 8

Do. Sei eee
BiaekdWawr . 0. <5 :

Do. A Raabe ts

Do. oe SES,

IL OUSTS BGO ome
Parurig@ceverty.. « «
Japanese honeysuckle
Trumpet honeysuckle.

Reg. 10

“Scientific name | Remarks
.Chrysobalanus oblongifolius ...:1 also.
Melia.azedarach...... . . :!Mid-August to mid-May.
RIMS CAMacleasts 545 ooo of oulos
rgdanb ies ey saVelob cies eons ee ig meme te ce ner
Pi Uslanb sy Ge) aaWoleh ania Ou Onan acre
SSaAvemewlapmamabatlora ky nak 6.)
WiC Sue oma deuce an wwe fous .<., @ 1 OHO
patch anlipsiay mak ac stasis. «i hao
VPA el a CRG CO B49 vee Poult taikl tines (Svs fa Do
AMpOKoosic) quinguetollianess ....0 1 allse.
PAGS SUIS) SIONCMIS SEN a Wu Pt a peanlle pice 0! Do.
fo EOUSHS suse OES H ILLES Ne Ge ao EO = tol Some nee
IPMS Sle L@petel, CHOU! Gy 446 8 6 eG acs
5 Dasa OS IWUS RISES! ye Go Fo GeO adn OLNEY
: CoiMaMs mierocmage, 5 56 5 5 a0 6 Do.
COwaybisy mono” 5 5 5 5 5 6 oO sas Do.
Conemuicy i illo rade jessy) von Menten ity <0 ues
/agilsiay qonalosel,. 5 9 Miah ec) Gunes
Caylussacia ¢ 5 399s Pf Suara aii meio cineciles.
Woeewneiy S05 Gro 4. 5 O88 Do.
ISIE ME Oe Tb GLE hae Qe Cae C aN eaemeeD oe
WGwrOSwalers, WIS SOCMS5 5 6 oe on
MOOS wines) Iasi 5 wesc
—Chitonian (hus sivaecealri amas.) yo Ge le
et UGi TM eAMUNCMISO My Ie ee eutie 6.. <
Int AWS ncGly HjeroOMakGwiN tS 5 6 Geir
pbaleis Gabi IYO aL Choi Go) BG 4 leg een
ASUS tM MGM a CMG Cann aey Weuite «

Carissa caranda‘. . BO yoeeo Tans
Hire oma cuMiuMatawembeiaces 5s
in~eiviy Ceicolimierin 5°34 7 oy ae
: Cestrum OA ON ee, eet Bee woth, 1s ‘
‘lire, Cemexels “So 3 oo oo sand sellco.
» Iighaingiaey, GSOlMongalenves 67 4 opt ates Do.
Witla Clomwennbil So 6 5 ol 6 ot
Vallobboabil CasysohaeiCiess 5 5 5 BG .} only.
Walovkcacim iar lekki 5 Go 6 yo eee Do.
y Wallowueabin “waauissg “5 68 8) 0 Be dh cul alige@,
G MEL weiavellitey seSjoeias 95 So Sones
PLOMNCe mR IOMPCOMAMIs Sis ss Ik ALSO.
, NOMA COiKe, SSMNOOiNVALeEMIS 5 5 6 6 ¢ Do.

g seasons are lacking-~-Continued

TABLE 4--Fruits of Zones 2 and

Common name

—

Redce@dar ..., ae

Stinking cedar 7.0.

Cabbage palmetto .

“Saw PalmettO . . .

Laurel greenbrier:
Coral greenbrier:.
‘Lobed greenbricr .
Southern waxmyrtle
DUPATVErTys: & 6.
Rouge-plant. .. .
BOKCUST EY 4 i Sele ce 38
Redbay . . « Als
Red Bore oemay :
Parsley hawthorn..
lopre pug 5.693 es 25-3
Cherokee rose. ..
Southern dewberry.
Dwart sumac. wis «
imkberry . . Bary
Meampon 2 9 ee
SUD Ee TACK. 40 4.
Reppervane: . . . %
SUMMEY TAPE: -.....
Bullace grape. .. .
MaypOp s 4. « 2...
MOPWOOds S 6 we “is
SOME 5 5 oS ote
Dwarf huckleberry.
Harkleberry. .
Highbush blueberry
BUUCDErTyY. «2 « «
IBMUMOMT ae SH ce) se
Rersimmon.. 4) 2% 4
Walid. olive. Fy
Beauty berry... .. +
Mildenrberry: sn 5) 6.
BMA. ChMAW: tej) cots? 62

Redcedar.-—Southern

also is

‘Juniperus virginiana .

€ Qn i=]

Scientific name

‘Tumion taxifolium.

t
‘
‘

'

y
5

‘Smilax
‘Smilax
“Myrica
‘Celtis
. Rivina
»Phytolacca decandra.

‘Sadel palmetto...
:serenoa serrulata.

Paumifodtar,
Walter’ 2°;
beyrichii .
cerifera. .

Smilax

Humes si

; Persea borbonia:

‘Aronia arbutifolia

‘Prunus umbellata .
‘Rosa laevigata .-.

1

‘Rubus.trivialis. .
Rhus
pre ls >.<
‘Ilex

cOpailinag.> .
elabrase os".
vVomitoria ..

‘Berchemia -scande

.'Passiflora-incar

PLO

Amnelopsis arborea

‘Vitis aestivalis:.

Vitis munsoniana .°
nat
Corus. stiiveta i:

. Nyssa sylvatica.:.

‘Gaylussacia dumosa
‘Batodendron arboreum
‘Vaccinium corymbosum
Vaccinium myrsinites

‘Bumelia lanuginosa

.
.
°
.
.
°

‘Crataegus apiifolia.

Vea.

a"

Diospyros virginiana’

“Osmanthus. americana.
'Callicarpa americana

‘Sambucus intermedia.

redcedar,
barbadensis), is of ‘equal value,
and ranges somewhat farther south.
adapted.

‘Viburnum obovatum.

mississippiensis.

3 for which satisfactory data on fruitiznge
le.

- Fruiting season

SA yearn as

Harly

August to

Mid-July to. late.March:
Mid- May to mid- Novenaer-
‘All year.

Mid- -May to ieee Depeaser.
Ae year
Mid-July.
September to: mid-Novab

: Zarly

‘Barly June to. late August.

‘Mid- June

:Mid-duly
‘Mid-July to late. March.
“Barly July to early. Novembe:
: Mid-d uly to. late Sepia
year.

sar

a
par rly

to early: Maren:

Early August to.late March.

to mid-July.
late March,

April
to

Rael: year.

‘to. cone Mee.

: Mid- June to. late August...
‘Barly

Barly

=
Barly
Karly

‘Barly

‘Barly

Barly July to late February.
‘Early April to mid-November.

Barly

Early
‘July to mid-March.
‘February to late July
‘April to late June.
“August to mid-Novembe:
August to early Novenbe:
Mid-August. to. late March.

August to late’ Septem
July to early De cembe:

May to mid-July.’

ALL year.

‘Notes supplementary to Table:

4

Juniperus lucayana (often Listed as J.
has the same fruiting season,
Japanese Jap os J.

japonica,

late Octobe
Mid=October to Late Novembe
Mid-June to early. ‘Newember.
- All’ year.

“Mid-July to ‘midoaeean
‘Early August to late April.

‘

Palmetto.--Bluestem palmetto, Saval glabra, bearing fruit from June 15 to
september 4C, may be substituted.

Greenbrier.--Various species occur, any of which may be substituted; the
large—-seeded, persistent fruits are a reserve rather than a
WAOILS “sO Orch seioe akreiolsy,

Redbay.--The swamp redbay, Persea pubescens, is available, prefers moister
situations, and bears fruit almost the whole year.

Rose.--The swamp rose, Rosa palustris (carolina), which holds its fruits
nearly the entire year, is available for Zone 3. Other species
native to north Florida also may be used.

Dewberry.--The sand blackberry, Rubus cuneifolius, bearing fruit from mid-Ma
vd v3 5) S

to mid-July, or other native species may be used.
Chinaberry, Melia azedarach.--Fruit may be available from mid-August to mid-May.

Inkberry.--Ilex glabra is called gallberry throughout its southeastern range;
the fruits of all species of Ilex are eaten by birds, and those of
dahoon, I. cassine, Chinese holly, Wo cornuta, and American holly,
I. opaca, are available most of the ye

Oy

S

Blackhaw.--Viburmnum nudum with about the same fruiting season may be subdsti-
tuted. ;

LITERATURE

Publications of interest in connection with fruits of Florida
include:

Region
Menu Oomer ae. southeastern Mora, by John K. Small, 1554 pp., illus., 19686:
[Covers the area from North Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. |] Inquire
as to price from the Botanic Garden, Bronx Park, New York, N. ¥Y.

State

Native and exotic palms of Florida, by Harold Mowry. Agr. Expt. Sta., Bull. 34
(O>op., illus.,dune 1936. Inquire as to conditions governing distribution
from the University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.

Gzaanental trees, by Harold Mowry. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 261, 156 pp., 22lus:,
dune 1933. Inquire as to conditions governing distribution from the

University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla.

Reg. 10 = 8 =