NO RR ee ere, Peete Retain estat vie piled AE ee ee — Peete likened ftnadt ean, ame ithtti dite ened hath diate eth anaes man ww ~ ee, vm erg ae > - ~ > sit Peewee O Rnd ahaaledes teen a en enn * Meth Tintin iether en I NBL Be rte 9 UM Ormco Pol, Poitoed | Met tetigsline Misael lend Riekatomepeie or ten ‘ Pe rete : 0 EEN Naan betes . : plrsieearsnenienec a aera eiriacebnaais ~~ - -tionenen auacmenee ea EP NWI ye on ~ ee > thom ano am wie ee pote HARVARD UNIVERSITY ues EO LIBRARY OF THE Museum of Comparative Zoology Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/gamebreeder151919hunt een ” $1 20 Per Year SADNADARANORASIUDEOAAGAISNROOARANINADAEIUG OES *22 Is a ae peel “single Copies 10.6 ta 4 EF All a i. rT] can ae ennui h APRIL, 1919 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD he J : ail pat Py tue I ———9 — CANVASBACKS AND OTHERS RAISED AT AMSTON Kell It ae I sy Published Monthly. Entered as second-class matter, July 9, 10rs, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1870. Anyone Can Hatch Pheasant Chicks, but it takes Experience to Rear Them Successfully 1 DO YOU KNOW THE VALUE OF SPRATT "'S Pheasant Meals Nos. 5 and 12 and Chicgrain s, COMP. 200L. LIBRARY wil HARVARD YRIVERSITY “3These foods are used by the leading Game Breeders throughout the world and there is nothing on the market that can take their place. | If your dealer cannot supply you, write to us for prices and further particulars. | - Send 2c stamp for “Dog Culture,” 10c for “Poultry Culture” ~ and 25c for ‘“‘Pheasant Culture” SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED NEWARK, NEW JERSEY San Francisco St. Louis Cleveland Montreal Factory also in London, England MWHALLIBLE Remipgton ARROW. NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE G SUPERIOR GRADE” @: BLACK SHELLS AJAX CLIMAX Meern FIELD RECORD WINCHESTER REPEATER LEADEB THE GAME BREEDER HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS A Pointer for Sportsmen When you buy loaded shells from your dealer you ask for the brand that you are accustomed to use—and you insist on getting it. You should at the same time insist that these shells be loaded with one of the HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS INFALLIBLE It is important to you ee, you eer shigot the same powder and that this powder is one that is dependable at alltimes and under all conditions. Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powders, Infallible or “‘E. C.”’ are the powders for you because they are always dependable. .They always burn clean, give high velocity with light recoil and even patterns. Buy shells loaded with Infallible or‘‘E.C.’? You can get any one of the fourteen shells listed here loaded with one or the other of these powders. i er = HERCULES POWDER CO. 4, » in 51 W. 10th Street CZ @) Wilmington Delaware HIGH GUN PREMIER Renin é ton ARROW NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRAD SUPERIOR GRADE E GyBLAck SHELLS AJAX CLIMAX FIELD RECORD WINCHESTER REPEATER LEADER 2 THE GAME BREEDER Let your trap gun purchase be a PARKER. Be one of the thousands of satisfied PARKER Gun users. PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good sub- stantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never SS be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not PARKER BROS. now? Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street Survey of the Field—Game in Wyoming—Restocking Ranges—Fish Losses —Antelope and Deer—Antelope Breeding—Mountain Sheep and Buffalo—Game Birds—Game Ranches Needed—The Appetite for lLegislation—Game Law Outrages—The Wrong State—Sad Outlook in California. The Audobon Societies and Game Farming - - = T. Gilbert Pearson Wale! “Wows INows — = - - - = = Caton and MclIlhenney Breeding Wild Fowl - - - - - - D. W. Huntington Grouse Notes with Comment by the Editor. A. i Stuart Morey & H.A. Macpherson Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves - - By Our Readers Editorials, Outings and Innings, Trade Notes, Etc. MARMOT PHEASANTRY Ringnecks Chinese Reeves Golden Silver Amherst Japanese Silky Fowl Book your order for eggs now. Eggs in any quantity from the Japanese Silky—Rhode Island Red Cross. The perfect mother tor large breeders of Pheasants. We have one of the largest exclusive Game Breeding Farms in the U. S., and we warrant every bird we ship to be in prime condition for breeding or show purposes. We are now contracting full wing Ringnecks in any quantity up to 5,000 for August and early fall delivery. If you want some splendid Chinese-Mongolian cocks for new blood in your pens, and are willing to pay $3 each for them, send us a check. Hens $4.50. Expensive, but they’re worth it, Member of the Game Guild MARMOT PHEASANTRY, MARMOT, OREGON Iu writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your ‘etters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” SSS NS WS SX WINK SW RES one ae] ae iat AT | RAYE iA U = = i & = j H eo - %, Home — 2,000,000 Marksmen! Look to your laurels, Brother Trapshooters.. Two million gun-wise soldiers, justly proud of their gunskill, are now coming back to prove their prowess. : TRAPSHOOTING | MC W al will soon be in full blast and greater than ever. The soldier knows. He “loves” a gun. The call of the big outdoors, the call of the traps, rings like music in his ears. Gun clubs in almost every city of this country will be the headquarters for this war’s veterans, Better improve your own skill now. Be ready to compete at the traps with the man who has worn the khaki. q Just-out- of the-service-men and men in every walk of life, keep up your shooting. If there is no gun club in your town, start one. WVe'll tell you how. Sporting Powder Division E. 1. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & COMPANY ESTABLISHED 1802 WILMINGTON, DEL. Plants, VVarehouses, and Sales Offices in principal business centers The Principal du Pont Products are: Explosives: Industrial, Agricultural and sporting. Chemicals: Pyroxylin Solutions, Ethers, Bronzing Liquids, Coal Tar Distillates, Commercial Acids, Alums, etc. Leather Substitutes: Fabrikoid Upholstery, Rayntite Top Material, Fairfield Rubber Cloth. Pyroxylin Plastics: Ivory, Shell and Transparent Py-ra-lin, Py-ra-lin Specialties, Challenge Cleanable Collars and Cuffs. Paints and Varnishes: For Industrial and Home Uses. Pigments and Colors in Oil: For Industrial Uses. Lithoponme: For Industrial Uses. Stains, Fillers, Lacquers and Enamels: For Industrial and Home Uses. Dyestuffs: Coal Tar Dyestuffs and intermediates ST ee Cen ee ny CH CLA wit lt th For full information address: Advertising Division, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware. ha iy i cE noenemens soeeseenseent.cumnieetcmeeseenece-cumnce conan 1G U PGR Damm PP neerree CA ie i 4 | THE GAME BREEDER rap Shooting Becomes | of World-wide Importance j No. 4 American Marksmen Series Painted for Remington UMC by F. X Leyendecker BYERY man who makes trap shooting one of his recreations thereby contributes both to his own pleasure and success in life and to the success and security of his country. The present great world demand for American leadership raises this long popular pastime of virile Americans to greater-than-ever importance. W hat of the trap shooting club in your community ? Is it up and doing? Is your local dealer one of the 82.704 live merchants who sell the most popular trap guns and shells =m Remington UMC? Our Service Department will be glad to hear from you and to assist in every way it can. Gun Club Secretaries—Write at once to our Service Department for blank registration card for Remington UMC free service to trap shooting clubs. ‘THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World ae | NEW YORK | ‘WOOLWORTH BUILDING Tire Tt Game Breeder VOLUME XV APRIL, 1919 NUMBER 1 Co) SURVEY OF Game in Wyoming. The State Game Warden has issued a handsome illustrated report labeled “Wyoming’s Wild Game.” It is an able, truthful document and properly suggests an end to field sports until 1925. We are told that “the game of our State has not been holding its own the past year and that it is certain some changes must IDS milage in Obi JEG, * we ANG must appropriate more funds for hay; we must provide more range for the elk, although this will meet with strong op- position from the cattlemen, especially in Lincoln County.” Here, as everywhere, the question of land ownership must be considered. If the elk lands are owned by the State and the State decides to make a public shoot- ing ground, like the Adirondack Park in New York, well and good the cattle- mien must herd their cattle on other pub- lic lands or on their own ranges. The great Yellowstone Park is an excellent ground for elk during part of the year. When the animals go out of the park, if they visit and damage farmers or ranch- men the owners of the land should have the right to destroy them. As soon as the State provides public parks for public shooting and grants the owners of farms the right to have elk and other game for sport or for profit or not to have them because they wish to have something else, either farm crops or domestic animals, the whole subject will be settled for all time, a simple statute regulating the tak- ing of wild game can be enacted and it will not be necessary to change the game laws every season. Restocking Ranges. The Wyoming warden well says: “From our experience in past years it is THE FIELD. foolish to try to restock ranges with elk. They invariably become a nuisance to the farmers in the re-stocked areas, and the State will find the claims for damages against it entirely too much to justify the income. This year we have been com- pelled to order seven head of elk killed in Crook County, and are disposing of the entire Careyhurst herd. It is very seldom that any of these herds increase to any extent owing to the fact that we cannot afford to keep a warden with them. Let a man steal a cow and it is reported to the authorities at once, but an elk—that’s different; that’s State property and it doesn’t make any differ- ence about the value.” Fish Losses. The warden says at present we are loosing a great percentage of our fish in the irrigation ditches which are taken out of trout streams. Some screen must be adopted. Antelope and Deer. “Antelope are not increasing in any district. Therefore there should be no open season on them, and as under the present law the season would open at the time of the big game season this year, I would advise that this law be continued in effect until 1925.” At the date named it surely will be nec- essary to recommend an extension of the closed season. Since the antelope is a plains animal easily seen and shot by those who destroy the elk, the in- creasing population soon will put an end to the antelope except on big ranches where they will be properly looked after when it pays to do so. 6 THE GAME BREEDER Antelope Breeding. The laws of many States which permit deer breeding might be applied to ante- lope in Wyoming and if publicity be given to the fact the antelope are very valua- ble for sport and for food they quickly can be made and kept plentiful. Some of our readers now sell a good lot of deer every year to State game officers who turn them out in places where the public can shoot. A few big antelope ranches in Wyoming easily can be made to supply the Wyoming warden with ani- mals to be liberated for the public to shoot ptovided the State maintains pro- per public shooting grounds. The ante- lope would not be worth much to the public on posted farms. The deer are said to be increasing in a few districts. In other districts there is quite a short- age. The Game Breeder suggests that some profitable deer ranches are needed to supply breeding stock and an abundant food. Mountain Sheep and Buffalo. The sheep are reported to be increas- ing but hard to locate in very inaccessible places. I hardly think, the warden says, there has been to exceed twenty-five head killed in the State the past season. The buffalo enclosed in the State Re- serve are doing well. A warden at Cody reports about fifty head of wild buffalo on the Hoodoo Game Preserve which no doubt escaped from the park. Game Birds. Sage chickens “are getting very scarce. ES as ANNES IS wee CHE Ou OIF Wwair dens who has not reported a shortage of chickensithismyear ee bcEATTO: mobile places the chickens at the mercy of the hunters. There should be closed seasons in various counties. Very few grouse are killed and there are very few in the State. Ducks and geese under the migratory bird law have increased to a great extent.” “There are very few quail in the State. A few may be found in the Platte Valley near the Nebraska line. As they are fully protected they are supposed to be increasing. However, owing to climatic conditions this is very doubtful. The closed season should be extended to 1925. work for more laws. The pheasants have decreased instead of increased and they are not a success in this State. I think it would be foolish to spend any more money trying to stock districts of the State with them. They can, however, be raised in captivity, even in the high altitudes. One man in the neighborhood of Dubois has been very ~ successful raising them. The closed sea- son should be extended to 1925. “Tt is a proven fact that more damage is done to the game and game birds of this State by predatory animals than from all other sources.” Game Ranches Needed. it is very evident that some good big ranches for game with gamekeepers in charge are needed in Wyoming. These would be very profitable under liberal laws. Some, no doubt, would entertain sportsmen at reasonable prices. All would supply an abundance of stock ani- mals, game birds and eggs for propaga- tion purposes. The markets would be kept full of cheap food: he State Game Warden could get all the game needed to turn down on public shooting grounds. The warden’s report closes with the sportsman’s creed: “Obey the laws and work for better laws;”’ which in Wyo- ming would seem to mean quit shooting game birds until 1925 and meantime We think the peo- ple would do well to,consider the game breeder’s creed: ‘“‘More game and fewer game laws,” and to work for a big lot of game, good shooting during long open seasons beginning now and plenty of game for the people to eat. State game officers who take pride in seeing a big lot of game produced in their States are modern and up to date. State game officers who discourage and pre- vent game breeding soon will ascertain that the sportsmen have little or no shooting and the people who are said to own the game never have any to eat. The Appetite for Legislation Our readers will be glad to hear, no doubt, that more space will be given in THE GAME BREEDER 7 the future to the methods of game breed- ing than to the reform of the game laws. Enough States now permit and encour- age the profitable breeding of game to enable us to predict that America soon will be the biggest game producing coun- try in the world. States which continue to place desirable food birds on the song bird list and which rely on closed seasons for terms of years, in the hope that some day the game will come back, will be regarded as sadly behind the times; the abundant game produced in other States will pass through them to the States where there: is more freedom. Game de- partments which arrest food producers may expect to be abolished. The appetite for legislation still re- mains abnormal in States which have many game protective associations and it is evident that this appetite is encour- aged by those who profit by the game law industry. The absurd list of new laws offered annually in States like Pennsyl- vania and some others has, however, at- tracted the attention of some prominent statesmen and it seem’ likely that a good part of the laws introduced will not be enacted and that possibly some of the most backward States may soon decide that the game laws do not produce satis- factory sport or any food for the people. They may learn the reason why they do not and cannot produce good results. Meantime the breeders in the free States will produce a tremendous amount of game and our readers will be told how they do it. Game Law Outrages. We shall continue to make brief men- tion of the game law outrages as they may be reported by our readers or other- wise. It has been well said that the way to bring about the repeal of a bad law is to execute or enforce it and we have observed that our comemnt about the arrest of people for having stock birds or eggs in their possession for breeding pur- poses and for selling game and eggs often has brought about a change in the laws. The Wrong State. A Washington warden writing to say that the “Oregon Outrage” reported (the arrest and fining of a breeder because he killed one of his golden pheasants) was not an Oregon outrage but a Washing- ton outrage. The officer claims that he made the arrest because the owner had no right under the law to kill his bird and to have it mounted; but he frankly says the laws require considerable re- pairs, or words to that effect. We gladly credit the outrage to Washington and apologize to Oregon. The young man who handled the.survey containing the report had a big mail before him includ- ing some Oregon matters and he was under the impression the breeder men- tioned in a telegram to a newspaper was one of our Oregon members. The news- paper clipping did not say where the outrage occurred. The golden pheasant owned by the criminal was an aviary spe- cies, not a game bird, and the laws pro- tecting the vanishing game of Washing- ton should not be enforced so as to make it not worth while to own aviary birds which are reared and kept in aviaries by their owners. It would be quite as pro- per to arrest the owner of a peacock or a barnyard fowl as to arrest owners of aviary pheasants. In many States these birds now are reared and sold as freely as peacocks, parrots and canaries are, and the intelligent game wardens never think of interfering with the industry. Sed Outlook in California. The California state report tells us few people take an interest in game breeding in that state. This is not surprising considering the attitude of the department towards the new food and sport producing industry. Starting with a fine of $25 for each per- son who wishes to experiment (this has been reduced we believe) and threaten- ing such capable breeders as Miss Mary Rahlman and others with $800 fines be- cause they had breeding birds in pos- session is a poor way to encourage game breeding. The report says the experi- mental game farm will be abandoned and we fail to find a word about the desira- bility of game breeding, its methods and profits either in the report or in the 8 THE GAME BREEDER elaborate magazine, issued by the state department during the year. The com- mission thinks the people prefer poultry and poultry rearing. If California will open the San Fran- cisco markets to game produced by our members in Oregon, Washington and some other states for one season and will give us a little notice in advance we will guarantee to flood the market with game for the people to eat; and the re- sult will be that our members referred to will have more game than ever since they will re-invest the proceeds of the sales, If the commission does not want any game produced in the state it would be a good plan to open the markets to game produced in other states. The people will enjoy the food; our readers who produce game in more civilized states will be glad to have the money. California can go on in its old-fash- ioned, sleepy way of protecting game if it wishes to do so; a large number of politicians (they should stop interfering with producers) can be kept on the pay- roll of those unproductively employed and the people, we are sure, will enjoy eating the food our readers in other states will sell them. A new lot of game officers can be specially employed to in- spect and identify the food and see that no citizen of California has had any hand in the breeding business. Our read- ers will stand all the expense for the new army of game protectors no matter what political party they may belong to. Weare non-partisan in such matters. We saw a letter recently which was written by a California state senator in which he says that a law passed recently was reconsidered since it prevented pheasant breeding. How about the laws preventing quail breeding for sport and for food? Will the California commis- sion sleep right through the more game and fewer game laws movement? Those who are opposed to field sports and go in for preventive laws should re- member that shooting is the big induce- ment to production. Why should the game protection societies claim to favor game breeding and also seek to destroy the inducement. Since it is safe to say that five or ten cartridges are shot for every bird bagged and more at the preserves which have trap shooting also it is evident that our readers use a vast amount of am- munition. Some places use more than a country store. We trust they all use the kind advertised and we believe they do since they are interested in seeing more game and fewer game laws and are will- ing to purchase from those who help the cause. The game conservation society con- templates starting a school for game keepers on one of its experimental farms. There is a big demand in America for skilled labor on game farms and pre- serves at attractive wages. The new in- dustry promises to furnish agreeable em- ployment for thousands of young men in the country and many farmers, no doubt, soon will learn that it is desirable to have game as a farm asset and to em- ploy some one who knows how to pro- duce it and to look after it properly. ——_>___ The society also has been considering the idea of starting a shooting school where young men can learn how to shoot game flying. Trap shooting is inter- esting and desirable, but the best place to learn to shoot game is in the field where game is plentiful. No one can expect to learn to shoot flying in places where it is only legal to shoot three cock pheasants in a year and with the chance of the bag limit being re- duced it hardly seems worth while to own a gun and certainly it is not worth while to own a dog. - Readers who have not tried advertis- ing in The Game Breeder should do so. They surely will receive an interesting mail and get in touch with some good customers. The more we think about it the more we think it is a good plan to have “more game and fewer game laws.” THE GAME BREEDER 9 View on Amston Lake THE AUDUBON SOCIETIES AND GAME FARMING. By T. GILBERT PEARSON. Photographs by Herbert K. Job. The National Association of Audubon Societies approving strongly of game propagation, has for several years been actively encouraging the practice. It has done much pioneer work in the publi- cation of literature giving practical in- struction in these methods, and operates a game-farm and experiment station. Owing to the growing interest and many inquiries about the subject, in 1914 we were led to establish our DEPART- MENT OF APPLIED ORNITHOL- OGY, in charge of Herbert K. Job, well known for his writings, researches, and photographs of wild birds and game. The evident need of practical, visible demonstration of details of method of propagating game and attracting and conserving wild bird life soon led us to look for a suitable tract of land on which to carry out our ideals. Realization of this began when Charles M. Ams, Esq., of New York City, offered the use of his great tract of land at Amston, in eastern Connecticut. This estate embraces three or four square miles of picturesque coun- try, the natural haunt of wild game and of abounding wild bird life, and includes a fine, large lake, ponds, and streams. Under the management of Mr. Job, from small beginnings we have now, as- sisted by a group of prominent residents of Connecticut, organized as “The Ams- ton Game Club,” built up a considerable game-farm enterprise, employing as resident game-keeper one of the most widely experienced professionals in this country, Robert K. McPhail, formerly game-keeper to King Edward of Eng- land at Windsor Castle. We have equipped a pheasant-rearing venture, be- sides continuing and enlarging our propa- gation work with native wild ducks of a dozen or more species, the quail work, with the Bob-white and California Val- ley Quail, and the experiment with na- tive wild doves and pigeons, particularly the Mourning Dove. In order to make Amston a center of interest in all practical methods with bird 10 THE GAME BREEDER = life, realizing that the great traffic in canaries raised in Germany has been cut off by the war, and that there may be a real opportunity for a new and growing American industry, we have encouraged a man possessing the requisite knowledge to start there an experiment of breeding canaries for the market on a commercial scale. This is now in operation, and, if successful, may lead to further aviary work. We: plan also to add certain other lines of research. This work at Amston keeps mene in view the instruction of the public, and in this follows two main lines. The first is through experiment and demonstration, to ascertain all possible methods of in- creasing the abundance of birds and game walking distance from the depot, but people interested in the work are en- couraged to come, are shown the work, and have their questions answered. Further, at the AMSTON INN, right on the grounds, they will be accommodated comfortably as long as they may care to remain. Not only may people come informally at any time, but definite periods of syste- matic instruction, in personal charge of Mr. Job, have been arranged. For the Summer of 1919 there will be two in- struction periods, of three weeks each. The first, from July 5 to 25, will offer a course in each of the following subjects : (a) Field Ornithology; (b). Applied Ornithology, including elementary game Young Canvasbacks and Redheads raised at Amston, 1918.—3 Months old. in America, and to publish the results. The second is corollary to it, to give op- portunity to the public to study these methods in actual operation. Most real game-farms are rather inaccessible. In some cases publicity is not especially de- sired, the methods employed being in a way business secrets. But even if visitors were welcome, it would be only for a brief survey, and there would be no facilities for remaining on the premises for any serious study. At Amston, how- ever, not only is the place accessible by - railroad and automobile, and the game- farm and experimental work within easy propagation; (c) Nature Photography, both plate and motion pictures. Also there will be illustrated lectures by spe- cialists. This will be immediately fol- lowed by another three weeks’ term, from July 26 to August 15, in Commer- cial and Practical Game Farming, with a~ view to preparing people to raise game for profit or other purpose, or to fitting for employment on game-farms, pre- serves, or estates. At the conclusion of the formal instruction students may re- main as long as they wish to observe the methods on the game-farm, or may re- turn at any time to watch subsequent stages. THE GAME BREEDER 11 The AUDUBON HOUSE, headquar- ters of this Association, with its collec- _ tions of bird specimens and reference library of Nature books, will be open to visitors from about the latter part of May till late autumn. Circulars giving full details and terms may be had by addressing our New York office, or, bet- ter, direct to Herbert K. Job, 291 Main Street, West Haven, Conn. In reference to the matter of the game- breeding operations, we expect important the Canvasback. His winter feeding method is based upon Nature, taking into account the fact that the wild fowl mi- grate south to locations abounding in aquatic vegetation and small life, where they feed up into prime physical con- dition. Beginning, then, not later than early January, he feeds intensively for egg production, besides using grain, giv- ing plenty of vegetable and animal mat- ter. His staple morning feed is raw vegetables, such as _ small _ potatoes, Brood of California Valley Quail raised at Amston. results this present season. Last season, among other work, we raised broods of young Wood Duck, Redhead, and Can- vasback, with hardly the loss of a bird. This was attributed to great care and cleanliness in feeding, using only freshly prepared food, never allowing any of it to lie about and sour, also to having plenty of lettuce and clean sand, and occasional feeds of chopped angleworms. The main problem in the propagation of our native wild ducks other tnan Mal- lards is to make them produce eggs. A proper place and stimulating winter feed- ing are the two main essentials. In this province our Keeper, Mr. McPhail, has had excellent success, even in breeding mangles, or other kinds, chopped up fine, scalded, and mixed with a rich mash, including plenty of beef or fish scrap, also occasionally some leaf vegetation, such as kale, celery or other tops or sprouts, sprouted oats, cabbage, &c. The evening feed is of mixed grain, especially cracked corn, wheat, and barley. We winter the ducks in an aquatic house, described in The Game Breeder December, 1916, built out in the pond, with large frame windows, a platform with litter where they may feed and dry themselves, and a large, deep swimming- pool which never freezes even in severe weather, though without artificial heat. This winter we have not lost a bird, 12 THE GAME BREEDER though it is proverbially hard to winter diving ducks. They are all in splendid condition, and give every indication of early breeding. In the quail work we find that it is easy to rear the young to maturity, using bantams, feeding lightly, and giving range on fresh grass in a large fenced much in the shade, to avoid lung troubles. In feeding, the safest method is to provide an area of chopped straw litter, scattering the food in this, to keep them working for it, and not giving more than what they will clean up thoroughly. About every two weeks this litter should be replaced by fresh. Though they do Brood of Wood Ducks, raised at Amston enclosure. We now keep the hens in the ‘coops, allowing the young to roam at will. Each coop has a pile of brush in front of it for shade. The young when small keep closely in the vicinity. Later they fly over the fence and feed in ad- jacent grain-fields or gardens, but return at night to stay near the hen, though usually outside the coop, often in an adjoining thicket. The real and vital problem is to keep them year after year in condition still to produce eggs. The tendency is, after one breeding, to lay few eggs the following season, and these less fertile, and then to peter out com- pletely. With a little bunch of California Val- ley Quails, which we raised here, we are trying the experiment of keeping them, pinioned, in the large enclosure around the duck pond, with plenty of room to range all winter. They stand the cold perfectly, having plenty to eat, and have come through to spring in seemingly the best of health. We have found that, in keeping quail penned, it is well to give them plenty of room, and important that the ground be well drained and not too - well for a while if fed in hoppers, there is great danger that they become sluggish and develop liver trouble. Game farming has now reached a stage where the practice begins to rest on solid foundation, though there is yet plenty of room for further experiment and dis- covery. Despite the fact that in the past it sometimes has proven to be an expensive amusement, there are certainly now an increasing number of people who » are beginning to realize profits from the business. The thing now is to get the effort as quickly as possible upon a sound paying basis, like any other industry, and then its full success is assured. Every additional person who can make game- farming pay is another source of strength to the whole movement. It will be our hope and purpose at Amston at least to make the work pay for itself, the main tried-out lines sustaining the research part, which may yet be experimental. Having stayed at Amston, I am greatly pleased with the outlook there, and can recommend it as a most fascinating place to spend holidays or a vacation. The country abounds in bird-life, and the lake is like one in the wilds of the Adiron- dacks. Besides being a lover of birds, I confess to being an enthusiastic fisher- man. It has been a long, long time since I had such sport with the rod as I had last Summer at Amston Lake! We want to make it a rendezvous for lovers of birds, game, and unsullied Nature, and I THE GAME BREEDER 13 can heartily commend it as such. And further, it will always be a pleasure to us to fraternize and co-operate with the members of THE GAME CONSER- VATION SOCIETY, and of all other organizations which have likewise at heart the conservation of the wild birds and game of America. eae WILD TURKEY NOTES. By Caton AND McILHENNEY. It is quite an easy matter to breed a good lot of wild turkeys but often, if held up too closely, they become quite tame, too tame for sport in fact, and if kept wild and on a big range many will be lost to vermin and poachers. They are well worth having, however, and since on suitable ground containing nat- ural foods it does not cost much to feed them the loss of some birds is not a very serious matter. The late Judge Caton of [Illinois (whose son was a classmate of the editor of The Game Breeder at Yale) raised many wild turkeys and made a long se- ries of observations of birds which he kept in confinement. “At various times,” he says, “he sent in all about forty wild turkeys to California in the hope that it may be acclimatized in the forests. Their numerous enemies have thus far pre- vented success in this direction.” It would be necessary to turn down a very large number of turkeys on a place where their natural enemies are not con- trolled in order to be sure of the birds becoming established. It is a well known rule of game preserving that where only a few birds are liberated in a place where their enemies are superabundant the ene- mies will get them, all. It is wise to thoroughly trap a place where turkeys are to be introduced be- fore the birds are turned down in the wood and a beat keeper should be kept on the ground to see that the enemies of the game do not destroy it. At the Wading River Preserve of the Game Breeders Association wild turkeys were reared in captivity or under control in rearing fields, and also the birds bred in a wild state. The keepers had, how- ever, all they could do with the pheasants and ducks and the wild turkeys after a few were shot disappeared. Some were taken by vermin. Some were shot out- side the preserve. The experiment indicated that wild turkeys easily can be bred both in cap- tivity and in a wild state but the neces- sity for looking after them properly in. order to preserve them was very evident. Mr. E. A. Mcllhenny in his excellent book, “The Wild Turkey and Its Hunt- ing,’ says: “There are thousands of acres in the South which were once cul- tivated, but which are now abandoned and growing up with timber, brush and grass, such country affords splendid op- portunity for the rearing and perpetu- ation of the wild turkey. These lands are vastly superior for this purpose than are the solid primeval forests, inasmuch as they afford a great variety of summer food, such as green, tender herbage, ber- ries of many kinds, grasshoppers by the million and other insects in which tur- keys delight. Such a country also af- fords good nesting retreats, with briar patches and straw where the nest may be safely hidden, and where the young birds may secure safe hiding places from ani- mals and birds of prey; but alas! not at present from trappers, baiters and pot hunters. Check these and the abandoned plantations of the South would soon be alive with turkeys.” Mr. Mcllhenny might well have added 14 THE GAME BREEDER that the turkeys will cost very little to raise and will sell for $20 each, and that thousands of quail easily can be produced on the same ground worth $24 per dozen. Under proper laws permitting and en- couraging food production and sport the abandoned plantations easily can be made to yield an annual revenue larger than some of them can be bought for to-day. But no one will engage in the industry so long as the laws prohibit the producer from shooting his game or marketing it alive and dead. New York alone will send hundreds of thousands of dollars annually to the owners of these aban- doned and worthless plantations as soon as the laws are made right and the State game departments encourage the owners to produce the most profitable crop which can be produced on such places. On some of the North Carolina pre- serves, where thousands of quail are raised and shot every year many wild turkeys breed in a. wild state. The writer saw one nesting by a stump in a field’ where a farmer was plowing and he left a lot of grass and stubble about the stump because it paid to do so. The sportsman who produced the game paid all the farmers taxes on lands and buildings and often something extra for good measure. A skilled gamekeeper controlled the enemies of the turkeys and other game and also saved the farmer’s chickens from the hawks and other ver- min. As soon as the laws are made right in the South there will be many game ranches where the game will be worth more than the land now is; there will be many preserves where game is produced for sport and we predict there will be many resorts where sportsmen can go and find good shooting and comfortable quarters. It seems absurd to keep on making laws which cannot possibly save the upland game if no one looks after it properly, especially if such laws destroy the value of the plantations referred to by Mr. Mcllhenny. There is plenty of room in our vast country for every one who wishes to do so to have game and those who cannot afford to have game without selling some of it should be encouraged to produce the food and sell it to those who like to eat game. SIN) — MSZ {WZ I. S2QYZ2=~WWT ES _ eke roll F.B. DUSETTE & SONS’ GAME RANCH BAD AXE, MICH. BREEDERS OF Pure Wild Mallards, Black Ducks, Wild Turkeys and Bob White Quail Our game is grown on our 240-Acre Ranch, with natural feed on our Several Lakes, which makes our stock very attractive for Breeders, Shooting Clubs and Preserve Owners at a minimum price. Our birds comply with the Federal regulations which permit shooting and sale. Contracts Now Open for August and September No Eggs for Sale This Season F. B. DUSETTE & SONS, BAD AXE, MICH. 26 THE GAME BREEDER FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES be The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable RIOT ” fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bow! Field, New Haven. Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Yale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. ‘ Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, ennis court back stops, ete., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE Suite A JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY : GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N. Y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My. birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. Member American Game Breeders Society. Member of The Game Guild. BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by America’s the Author Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc., Dog Medicines}118 West 31st Street, New York THE HONEYSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY Best for Home and. Market The bushes make good cover for game, Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Price Lists Free. A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. The Breeders’ and Fanciers’ News FREE FOUNDATION STOCK furnished to raise Rabbits, Cavies or Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and paper. Young’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear Marker $1.50. Ear Tags 30c per dozen. Gibson’s wonderful Rabbit Book $1.00. Cavy Book 50c. Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising pigeons for profit, $1.00. NATIONAL FANCIER & BREEDER 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. SCRANTON, PA. devoted to the breeding and marketing of ducks geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- bits, cavies, pigeons, etc. Organ of the American Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Canada 75c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 Special Trial Offer in U. S., 8 Months for 25c AD. RATES: 75c an inch, or for 3 months or more at rate of 65c aninch. Classified, 2c a word. ddress BREEDERS’ AND FANCIERS’ NEWS 1558 Dickson Ave., Scranton, Pa. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game. THE GAME BREEDER ; 27 OUR FEATHERED GAME A manual on American Game Birds with shooting illustrations in color, and bird portraits of all American Game Birds. By D. W. HUNTINGTON: Editor of The Game Breeder PRICE $2.00 Our Big Game A manual on the big game of North America with pictures of all big game animals. By D. W. HUNTINGTON Editor of the Game Breeder PRICE $2.00 WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. We have the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which -impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the sheoting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD OUTINGS AND INNINGS. A Rebus. M. G. F. G. Answer—More game and fewer game laws. A Solon Society. Since Solon, of Athens, forbade the. killing of game, because he observed that the Athenians give themselves up to the chase to the neglect of the mechani- cal arts, there is a rare opportunity to start a Solon society in America which might go in for prohibiting the chase and lawn tennis as a side line. The fat girl in the side tent often takes in a good deal of money. Prohibition collectors, out of a job, can be utilized to rake in the stuff. The solons on account of our opposi- tion will send us a lot of business. Peter P. Carney, editor National Sports Syndicate, says: “Besides making the world safe for Demo- ” crats,” as a wit put it not so long ago, the last few years have made trapshooting “safe for democracy.” The Game Breeder has done much re- cently to make the game breeding indus- try and the game shooting clubs safe for both Democrats and Republicans. There are a few backward states like Kansas and California where food pro- duction is a little dangerous, especially if the producer tries to ship his game. This is what we refer to when we say “shipping facilities’ are still bad in some regions. Common sense is rapidiy coming back, however, and it is quite contagious. Ee We wonder what became of Forest and Stream’s platform plank “No Sale of Game.” State game officers and many others are purchasing large quantities of game from advertisers in The Game Breeder. EL i ans a More GAME AND Fewer Game Laws. 28 | THE GAME BREEDER WILD DUCKS AND WILD GEESE It Is Now Legal to Trap Wild Fowl! for Breeding Purposes Write to The Biological Survey, Washington, D. C., for information about Trapping Permits The book, OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS, written by the Editor of The Game Breeder, contains full information about the trapping of wild fowl and how to rear the birds for profit and for sport. There are chapters on How to Form Shooting Clubs; How to Control the Enemies of Wild Fowl, etc. Fully illustrated with pictures of ducks on preserves, etc. PRICE, $2.00 POSTPAID THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., NEW YORK PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only Decoy Owls for Crow and Hawk Shooting paper of its kind in the world. Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring SAMPLE COPY FREE. FRED SAUTER Subscription $1.50 per year. Leading Taxidermist of America 42 Bleecker Street New York City THE BL A CK FOX M AG AZIN E Corner Lafayette Street | Subway Station at the Door Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy 15 Whitehall Street, New York Write for Illustrated Catalogue In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 29 We Are Now Booking Orders for Eggs for Spring Delivery from the following vari- eties of pheasants : Silver, Golden, Ringneck, Lady Amherst, Formosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor. Impeyan, Soem- merring, Manchurian Eared, Melanotus, Black- throated Golden, Lineated and Prince of Wales. Also Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Long- tails, and Mallard Ducks. S. C. Buff Orping- ton and R. I. Red fowls. We also offer for sale five varieties of Peafowl. Also Crane, Swan and Fancy Ducks, Doves of several varieties. Deer. Jack Rabbits Send $1.00 in stamps for Colortype Catalogue CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society’ TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY WILD AND BRONZE TURKEY EGGS. PARCEL, Post Prepaid. VALLEY VIEW FARM, Bellevilles Pennsylvania, 1t PHEASANTS WANTED e0 I will buy ringnecked pheasants régardless of sex at long as they are strong, healthy birds, large and no over two years old. Will purchase small or large num- bers for cash. Reference by permission to the Game Breeder. ROBT. BOWMAN, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. BANTAMS--GOOD GENTLE BIRDS SUITABLE for quail and pheasant breeding. JOHN E. DARBY, Prop., Maplehurst Poultry Farm, Croswell, Michigan. BANTAMS— WILBERT’S FAMOUS BANTAMS. Forty varieties, Shipped on approval. Catalog 3¢. F. C. WILBERT, Grand Rapids, Michigan. WANTED Twenty-Five Sportsmen to join me in an exclusive hunting and fishing club. Property in Orange and Sullivan Counties, N. Y., adjoin- ing the Hartwood Club, the Merrie- wold Club and the famous Chester W. Chapin game preserve. For par- ticulars, apply to J.S. HOLDEN, PORT JERVIS, N.Y, FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. ‘WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Grand Island Erie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild DOGS EGGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG 50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentuckv, THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky.» offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers, All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, higbly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, Subscribe for The Game Breeder, only $1 a year. TWO THOUSAND PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. Pure Chinese, $3.50 per dozen, Ringnecks, Golden, Silver and Mallard Duck, $3.00 per dozen, $20.00 per hundred. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, Manzanita, Oregon, 4t RINGNECK PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. $25.00 per 100. Golden Pheasant Eggs, 60c. each. Day old Pheasants, 60c. each. Booking orders now. Mrs. EDGAR TILTON, Suffern, N. Y. 5t STOCK AND EGGS OF RINGNECKS, LADY Amherst, Golden and Silver Pheasants. Wild strain Mallards. Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams. ‘‘Ringlet’’ Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens Peafowl. URS. IVER CHRISTENSON, Jamestown, Kansas, 0. 1. 6t In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.” 30 THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranch in America. 1917 Breeding Record. 8litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and Flemish Hares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH _Onawa §- Maine Member of the Game Guild. PHEASANT EGGS AND PHEASANTS Pheasant eggs for sale up to May 15, $25.00 per hundred. 110 eggs sent for cash with order after May 15, $20 per 110 eggs. Pheasants for Sep- tember and October delivery. Write for prices. ORGE BEAL, Levana Game Farm, R No. 1, Englishtown, New Jersey. LIVE GAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. QUAIL QUAIL Bobwhite Quail, Eighteen Dol- lars per dozen. Blue or Scaled TWO Peat oetee lexpa lenge SPECIES | pore PAN AMERICAN BIRD CO., Laredo, Texas. {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: DARK MALLARD aS Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids — These ducks are reared on free range >—~ especially for shooting and for decoys. ~~ They are strong on the wing. Big _ egg producers under control Price $3.50 per pair; $1.75 each ALBERT F..HOLMES 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Eggs inseason. Amhersts, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN POULTRY FARM Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game Guild. DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob White Quail — San Antonio, Texas. Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. Member of the Game Guild. SEA CLIFF PHEASANTRY We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- ants and‘cranes, also white, Javaand black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for | & sale. Write for prices and particu- |\., lars. BALDWIN PALMER Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N.Y. Member of the Game Guild. 6t PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS White Guineas and White Cochin Bantams Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season pe THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS jf 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois Pearl WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks is fully described in the illustrated book, ‘Our Wild Fowland Waders,’’ : written by the Editor of the Game Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York “Yours for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER 31 GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, “*Our Feathered Game,’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, _Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and Geese: Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas Mallard-Pintail PHEASANTS AND PHEASANT EGGS. Chinese Pheasant Eggs, >. $25 per hundred. Chinese =.— We a Pheasants for Fall delivery. <““Ax an Mrs. G. H. ROBBINS, Route 2, Hood River, Ore. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street New York City EGGS FOR HATCHING PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch. Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, North Carolina. 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws. JOHN E. PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario. 12t FOX AND MINH WANTED Wanted—Pair red fox pups; also breeders; pair mink and marten R, H. BARKER, 2034 East Fourth St., Cleveland, Ohio. 1t LIVE GAME AMHERST, REEVES, SILVER AND MONGOLIAN Pheasant eggs $5. 00a dozen, two dozen, $9.00. Chinese Ringnecks, $3.50 a dozen, $25.00 a hundred. Mongolians, #35.00 a hundred “Pheasant Farming,” illustrated, 50c. SIMPSON'S PHEASANT FARM, Corvallis, Oregon, at WANTED TO BUY... PHEASANTS ______. | WANT Silvers. Lady Amherst. Golden and Reeves, Quote Prices, Ages, and Quantity, Morgan’s. Phsntry, 244 E. 61st St., Los Angeles, Cal. WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady. Ambhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. : 3t PURE BRED WILD WATERFOWL AT FOLLOW ing prices: Mallards, $3.75 per pair. Pintails, $3.25 per pair. Green Wing Teal, $5.00 per pair. Blue Wing Teal, 3.75 per pair. Also reijheads, Gadwalls, Widgeons, anvasbacks, Spoonbills, at reasonable prices, for propa- gating and scientific purposes. GEORGE J. KLEIN. Ellinwood, Kansas. HOYT’S CALIFORNIA PHEASANTRY, PRICE LIST. FRED D. HOYT, Hayward, California, GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season. Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (rot) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. CANADA WILD GEESE AND THEIR GOSLINGS— A limited number for sale now—the surest way to start breeding this species. We are the oldest and largest breeders of Canadas in this country. Black and White Swans,Wild Duoks, etc., forsale. WHEALTON WATER FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island. Va. FOR SALE—PHEASANTS, PEA FOWL, PIGEONS, Poultry, Bantams and Pit Games Eggs from the above stock for sale. Rabbits, Cavies, Squirrels, fur bearing animals, etc. I buy, sell and exchange. L, L KIRKPATRICK, Box 273%, Bristol, Tenn. WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX Pied Peafowl, Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling, Ky. Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT, MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. gt In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 32 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. The Game Conservation Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates complaints promptly and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most part due to shipments of eggs. These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the seller and purchaser. Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. FIVE VARIETIES OF PHEASANTS. WILD DUCKS. Wild Geese, Brants, Wild Turkeys and other Game, List for stamp. G. H. HARRIS, Taylorville, Illinois. 4t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS, geese or pheasants. 15 pair of 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games. Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds. Genuine pit birds. Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED. J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. ot WILD TURKEYS FOR SALE. LARGE, HARDY specimens. Satisfaction guaranteed. LEWIS COMPTON, Dias Creek, New Jersey. 2t HAVE SIX MALE CANVASBACKS FOR SALE, . $10.00 each or will exchange for wood duck pairs, These are hand raised from pure wild stock. Havea few canvasback eggs for sale, $12.00 per dozen, A. WOLFE, 9848 76th Ave., Edmonton, S., Alberta, Canada it THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE IS OF ENORMOUS size. It grows faster, matures and breeds earlier than any other rabbit, but best of all is its delicious meat and beautiful fur, Write for information and prices. SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t EGGS PHEASANT EGGS--RINGNECK, $2.50 PER 13. Wild Mallard Eggs. $1.50 peril. JOHN SAMMONS, Yankton, South Dakota. ot GOLDEN PHEASANT EGGS, $5.00 per dozen, Cash with order. F. W. DANE, Oshkosh, Wisconsin. 3t PURE BRED WILD DUCK EGGS FOR SALE- From my New Jersey farm, pure bred, light gray wild mallard duck eggs. Stock strong on wing. $3.50 per 13; $25.00 per 100. H. W. VAN ALEN, 215 Montague St., Brooklyn, N. Y. at FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed, Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it, WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound. SPEAKING OF MAGGOTS, ONE OF THE LARG- est pheasant dealers, in his catalogue says: “ We do not recommend their use except by experts, for if not tho- roughly cleaned, they will kill the birds.” Feed them Meal Worms, a clean, choice food, 500, $1.00; 1000, $1.50 - 5000, $5.00. Express prepaid. C. R. KERN, Mount Joy, Pennsylvania. 1t GAMEKEEPERS GAMEKEEPER AT LIBERTY. RELIABLE, WANTS position on club preserve or game farm. Experienced on game and ornamental birds or animals, gun dogs and extermination of vermin. MILTON, in care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. 6t WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin. A. S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. WANTED. SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. careof THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. M. J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- iar with pheasant and poultry rearing. I have also had experience in general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. 6t WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. THOR- oughly experienced in rearing Pheasants, Wild Turkeys and Wild Ducks. Good references. GAMEKEEPER, 463 East 57th St., N. Y. C. it GAMEKEEPER DESIRES POSITION, LIFE EX- perience, excellent references. Age 40. Married. RALPH LEE, Bernardsville, New Jersey. MISCELLANEOUS FOR SALE—GAME FARM. TWO HUNDRED AND fifty acres, Twenty-eight deer. Fine new log bungalow, Fine hunting. A beautiful home. Price $60.00 per acre. Owner G. D. GORNS, Purdue, Douglas (ors Oregon. at RINGNECK PHEASANTS, $5.00 A PAIR. GOLDENS, $10.00 a pair. Guaranteed strong and in the pink of con- dition for Spring breeding. Order now as I havea limited supply of birds. LILLIAN E. GALLUP, 2209 Ogden, Omaha, Nebraska. 1t BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE —Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes. Melanotus, Japanese Versicolors, Manchurian Eared, ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ont., Can, “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. WANTED—PARTY TO TAKE HALF INTEREST IN a well established wild fowl] farm. Address ‘‘OWNER,”’ care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. C. it WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of six or eight rooms and land suit- able for farming. State acreage, location, price and terms. B.J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. WANTED TO RENT, WITH PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with good buildings. Place must have a small pond or stream suitable for ducks, GAME. PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“‘Yours for More Game.” Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of: live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. | Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 &1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood-Duck, Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and all. other water fowl. Now is the Time fo) Buy Wild Turkey Eggs Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. I carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 bees Royal Swans of England. I have fine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europeaa PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have @0 acres of tand entirely devoted to my business. Can also promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS, RABBITS, etc Orders booked during summer. I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so. Your visit solicited. am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelphia. WM. J. MACKENSEN Department V. YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA Member of The Game Guild SR EE EE EET Game Farm or Preserve A large tract of land suitable for a game farm or preserve is offered for sale at an attractive price. The land is near New. York on la good Automobile Road and contains a large pond and stream. There are some trout and the waters can be made to yield large numbers of these fish. The land is suitable for deer, upland game and wild ducks. I shall be pleased to show this property to anyone wishing to start a game farm or pressive) The place is within fifty miles of the City and can be reached by Automobile in an hour and a half. For particulars address, . OWNER Care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York met ks ew a bg T mM uN TEPTPETETTPRPTPPRTTTTTT TTT TT pee |] al anetseny mainale COcies1Ow Es Eu ee} “3 $1 Ej (GAME BD DEEDED MAY, 1919 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE Iss TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD CONTENTS Survey of the Field ay Campaign Against Crows—Calling the Crow—Owl Decoys— Meat Baits—Cats and Cat Laws— Cats on a Game Breeding Ground—Promising Subject for a Test Case —Game Protective Association Bulletin — Domestic Pheasants in California Jeopardized by Bill—State Nullification —Sunday Fishing—Quail and Bandits—Sunday Hunting in Maine. Wild Fowl and Game Laws in South Dakota - E. D. Pickell Wild Bred and Hand Reared Birds - -, By the Editor Permits to Trap and Sell Wild Fowl U. S. Biological eu Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves 5 Gambel’s Quail Vanishing in New Mexico and Increasing in New York—A Bird in the Hand—Canadian Ducks and Grouse—Pheasants and Quail—The Right Kind of Ammu- nition — More Praise—The Long Island Game Breeders Association—The Beneficial Owl— Small Hawks— Market Prices—Quail and Quail Eggs—New York Laws and Federal Regulations--Aviary Pheasants on the Preserve. Editorials—More Laws—A Uniform Law for Massachusetts. i pbublisned Monthly. Entered as second-class matter, July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Za ede pe peme apap Css arpa egea a gene a ee } a il A hx, 2 2 “inl 2 i im “NA Anyone Can Hatch Pheasant Chicks, but it takes Experience to Rear Them Successfully -DpO YOU KNOW THE VALUE OF SPRATT’S Pheasant Meals Nos.5 and 12 and Chicgrain These foods are used by the leading Game Breeders throughout the world and there is nothing on the market that can take their place. : | If your dealer cannot supply you, write to us for prices and further particulars. | Send 2c stamp for “Dog Culture,” 10c for “Poultry Culture” and 25c for “Pheasant Culture” SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED NEWARK, NEW JERSEY San Francisco St. Louis Cleveland Montreal Factory also in London, England THE GAME BREEDER 33 SS SSSA) RSS \ SS ea i ii TTS SVVW°Ns | Ws “SS MON RRS SS WS ESN MSS NS Ss: WS SS SX SW BBY Co") WSs Rye Ss N NDUSTRIES A ha <7.) BEGINNERS Trapshooting Event Freeh: ie Le for Ir apshooting Clubs Learn to shoot. Know how to handle and use a gun. Sharpen your judgment. Quicken your me al speed. Trapshooting is the reconstructive Sport for modern men and women—and partic- ularly for the business man. It demands concentration—the kind of 0 T concentration that takes you completely away from business cares and worries. It sends you back clearer and keener in thought and judgment. Smokeless Beginners’ Day Shoots Shotgun will be held at hundreds of gun clubs during June and July. VVhy i== Powders not attend? Get a taste of the game’s fascination. Don't let pride a or timidity stop you. The gun club is the place to learn and the old = leaders for over a century— timers will be glad to welcome and help you. = are the choice of the Nation’s 4 d : = crack trapshots. Look for Write today for full information and name of nearest gun club. z= the james) on| the Shell’ Box SPORTING POWDER DIVISION = when you purchase shells. DUPONT BALLISTITE KE. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., |= SCHULTZE WILMINGTON, DELAWARE. The Principal du Pont Products are: —————————_, = Explosives: Industrial, Agricultural and sporting. Chemicals: Pyroxylin Solutions, Ethers, Bronzing Liquids, Coal Tar Distillates, Commercial Acids, Alums, etc. Leather Substitutes: Fabrikoid Upholstery, Rayntite =a Top Material, Fairfield Rubber Cloth. Pyroxylin Plastics: Ivory, Shell and Transparent Py-ra-lin, Py-ra-lin i Specialties, Challenge Cleanable Collars and Cuffs. Paints and Varnishes: For Industrial and Home Uses. = Pigments and Colors in .Oil: For Industrial Uses. Lithoponme: For Industrial Uses. Stains, Fillers, Lacquers and Enamels: For Industrial and Home Uses. Dyestuffs: Coal Tar Dyestuffs and Intermediates. For full information address: Advertising Division, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware. CCC ACCC AACN Visit the Trapshooting School, Young’s Pier, Atlantic City, N. J- CEA. 7 3 au) 4! Hall II he 2 OCIA | 34 THE GAME BREEDER Let your trap gun purchase be a PARKER. | Be one of the thousands of satisfied PARKER LS) e un users. TEBE, PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good sub- stantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER, ‘Why not PARKER BROS. now? Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A. Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street. Matllards, Teal, Quail an a Japanese-silkies Pure-bred Birds Raised Under Semi-Natural Conditions Z. TED DeKALMAR, R. F. D. No. 30, Stamford, Conn. STATE GAME LICENSE No 123. FEDERAL PERMIT No. 1. /MARMOT PHEASANTRY Ringnecks Chinese Reeves Golden Silver Amherst Japanese Silky Fowl Book your order for eggs now. Eggs in any quantity from the Japanese Silky—Rhode Island Red Cross. The perfect mother for large breeders of Pheasants. We have one of the largest exclusive Game Breeding Farms in the U. S., and we warrant every bird we ship to be in prime condition for breeding or show purposes. We are now contracting full wing Ringnecks in any quantity up to 5,000 for August and early fall delivery. If you want some splendid Chinese-Mongolian cocks for new blood in your pens, and are willing to pay $3 each for them, send us a check. Hens $4.50. Expensive, but they’re worth it, Member of the Game Guild MARMOT PHEASANTRY, -MARMOT, OREGON In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER : 35 : Her ec a TheyAre! And they’re all good shells. But a good shell is a detter one when it is loaded with Infallible or ““E. C.’’ Use these powders—you’ll smash more targets at the traps and make more clean hits in the field. “Take no chances with powders that may vary in quality but use the ones that you know are reliable. In other words. use HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS INFALLIBLE G5, (Care These powders are always the same, they burn clean and evenly, give the highest velocity with very light recoil and uniformly even patterns. Each lot of In- fallible or ‘‘E. C.”’ is carefully tested before it leaves our plant—these powders mever vary in quality. When you buy loaded shells, specify a Hercules Smoke- less Shotgun Powder. By so doing you will be assured by ee of the best service that a powder can give. ‘ wee Any one of the fourteen standard shells listed here oh soley (o4bs can be bought loaded with Infallible or ‘‘E.C.”? oe SUPeHION GRADE. HERCULES POWDER, co. i ®. 61 W. 10th Street 5 i ee Wilmington, Delaware i |e PIELD RECORD ae WONCHESTER REPEATER LEADER. Be wy INFALLIBLE | 36 THE GAME BREEDER Civilian Ameries on the Rifle Rand No. 5 American Marksmen Series Painted for Remington UMC by F. X. Leyendecker EVER before was the American civilian so fortunate as now in his fondness for the sport of target shooting. In assuming world-leader- ship, America must back up his traditional skill in marksmanship. Is there an active civilian rifle club where you live—equipped for long range shooting? Are you getting your share of this splendid, beneficial sport; incidentally doing your bit to help keep it true that we are a nation of marksmen? More than one hundred years of service to shooters equips Remington UMC to best assist you . . . e . q Wwe ° > . . with information. Our Service Department, in touch with over 2.500 civilian rifle clubs, will gladly answer inquiries—introduce you toa club, perhaps, or help you organize one. Rifle Club Secretaries—If not already registered for Remington UMC free service, write for blank registra- tion card and a complimentary copy of the revised Remington UMC Handbook for Rifle Club Officials. THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World WOOLWORTH BUILDING NEW YORK ‘The Game Breeder VOLUME XV MAY, 1939 NUMBER 2 <=) SURVEY OF THE FIELD. A Campaign Against Crows. Mr. Peter P. Carney says: A nation- wide campaign is being waged to exter- minate the crow. Taking a leaf from the book of the citizens of Canton, S. D., where a crow shoot is held annually, a National Crow Shoot is being staged this year. Grain can be conserved and game pro- tected by removing the “caws.” The crow’s record is like his coat as black as black can be. The “caw” hasn’t a friend. Those promoting the National Crow Shoot are doing the world a great good, for there will be fewer crows in 1920 than there have been in many years. The crow has the universal reputation of being a wise, wily and wary bird. Yet it is surprising how easily he is fooled by any one who can properly manipulate a crow call. Indeed, the call- ing-in and shooting of crows by an ex- pert is a revelation to many, who, all their lives, have known and hated these black marauders of the fields and woods. The crow call is a small wood instru- ment resembling a whistle and can be purchased at almost any sporting goods or hardware store. There are several good crow calls on the market. Direc- tions for its use come with each call. Calling the Crow. Preparatory to calling in the crows, the shooter should conceal himself care- fully and remain as quiet as possible, for the crow has wonderful eyesight. Many crow hunters even try to wear clothing that will not contrast sharply with the environment. In using the crow call, it is desirable to try to imi- tate the cry of a young crow in distress and to indicate to the older crows that their young are being attacked by some other bird, upon which they will im- mediateiy start tlying toward the pone where the caller 1s conceaied. it 1s important to kul the first crow shot at, as otherwise tne crow will give a warning call tnat wul alarm all the other crows in the neighborhood and tney will not approach again for some time at least. Lhe birds should be fairly close in, not over 35 to 40 yards, in order to insure a kill with a choke bore gun. Among other methods suggested for luring the crows within range, the fol- lowing may be recommended: Owl Decoys. A stuffed owl with movable wings p.aced up in a tree and operated by cords brought down through rings to the concealed shooter, used in conjunc- tion with a crow call, has proved effec- tive in many instances. If a wounded crow is captured, it will serve as an excellent decoy for attracting other crows. The owl is the bugaboo of birds and the crows are sure to attack it. Excel- lent crow shooting is obtained by using owl decoys, w hich can be had from Fred Sauter, taxidermist, New York. See his advertisement on another page. Meat Baits. A farmer informs us that.by placing a large piece of meat or the carcass of some “animal in a field and then getting under cover at a distance of 40 or 50 yards, he has seen from 50 to 75 crows ‘gather around the meat in a short time, and has been able to kill ten or more with a single shot. Crow shooting in the winter when snow is on the ground is good sport, ac- 38 3 THE GAME BREEDER cording to another writer. Decoys are placed in open fields close to the edge of woods or a ditch and the crow call used. After one or two crows have been brought down, they are set up in the field on a couple of pointed sticks, and as they soon freeze, they make excellent decoys. Cats and Cat Laws. The game protective societies .are busy securing cat laws and the game breeders are busy killing cats. As usual both groups get what they go after; the first named get their laws and the last named get the cats. There is room enough in America for both industries. No cat laws are needed on the game farm and preserve where steel traps and shotguns are in constant use. We are quite sure the cats do less harm on game preserves than they do on the vast areas where they are sup- posed to be controlled by laws only. Cats on a Game Breeding Ground. A good big cat was instantly killed, at forty yards, by a shot from a Parker twenty gauge gun on the preserve of The Long Island Game Breeders’ Asso- ciation a few days ago. If the cat had nine lives he surrendered them all at once when the gun cracked. Another big yellow cat which took a look at the quail lost a good tuft of hair from the top of its head when a load of shot struck it, and it left as if it had no intention of returning. Another big cat remained when he stepped on a steel trap and the same trap baited with fish took a skunk the following evening. Promising Subject for a Test Case. R. P. Holland, U. S. Game \Warden of Atchison, Kansas, arrested the dis- trict attorney of the state of Missouri on March 6th, along with some other prominent men who were shooting ducks in violation of the migratory bird treaty act, on Stultz Lake, near Clinton, Mis- souri. There is nothing to show, as far as our information goes, that Attorney- General Frank McAllister, of Jefferson City, was looking for trouble. In fact, he is quoted by a local paper as intimating that the arrest was unexpected and this despite the fact that in February a con- current resolution was put through the Missouri legislature “suggesting to the attorney-general that he investigate the matter of enjoining the federal game in- spectors from interference with the game laws of the state, Mr. McAllister, how- ever, is apparently in something of a hole. He is quoted as saying: “Better that I be used as an instrument to test the validity of the law than some poor fellows who are unable to bear the ex- pense of fighting such a case.” Apparently the Missouri legislature was induced to pass the joint resolution under the erroneous impression that the principle of state ownership of migra- tory birds was sustained by the United States Supreme Court in the appeal un- der the first migratory bird law. This, of course, is an error, as the United States Supreme Court gave no opinion on the original migratory bird law. The friends of the federal law will welcome a test case, now or at any other time. It is proper that the constitution- ality of the law should be determined. They agree with the attorney-general in Missouri that he will be an admirable in- strument to try out the validity of the law. Let us by all means have the case pushed through as rapidly as possible, so that when the matter is settled there will be no further excuse for any one shooting at a time when the federal reg- ulations do not permit it. —Game Protective Association Bulletin. Although we have doubted if the constitution of the United States can be amended simply by securing a treaty with another country, the migratory bird law with its Section 12 giving full pro- tection to game breeders is so eminently satisfactory that we have no objection to the law. The Supreme Court undoubt- edly has held that the state owns the game and that the regulation of the tak- ing of it is within the police powers of the state. Possibly the court may now THE GAME BREEDER. 39 hold that this applies to resident game and that migratory fowl are owned by the Nation, and that it is within the po- lice powers of the United States to reg- ulate the taking of migrants. One thing is certain, the property should not be regulated by both the state and the na- tion, since it is absurd for one govern- ment to permit the taking of game for breeding purposes and to permit the shooting at a time when another govern- ment arrests people for so doing. It is equally certain that many game breeders now own a big lot of game and are sell- ing it to state departments, game farms, preserve owners and individuals for breeding purposes, export and for food. Domestic Pheasants in California Jeo- pardized by Bill. Senator Chamberlain gave notice that he would move reconsideration of a bill passed by the Senate today making it a misdemeanor for any one in California to hunt, pursue, take, kill, destroy or have possession of swans, wild pheas- ants, quail or partridge. He said the bill as passed would prevent any one having possession of a domesticated pheasant. The measure was passed to- day. The Senate also passed a bill by Scott prohibiting fishing within 250 feet of a fishway or within 100 feet of the upper side of any fish screen. The meas- ure was the first to be passed at the sec- ond half of the legislative session. The bill, we are informed, was recon- sidered. State Nullification. Charles Stanley, of Holyoke, Masssa- chusetts, writing to The World says: The following clipping from a recent issue of the Kansas City Star is enlightening as to the attitude of Prohibition Kansas toward a national law that conflicts with the wishes of what must be a small portion of its inhabitants. I quote: The Kansas Legislature has passed a law to legalize the shooting of ducks in defiance of the Federal law against that sport. The Kan- sas law, in fact. was passed for the purpose of defying the Federal law, and provides that any one arrested by the Federal authorities under the Kansas law will have the full legtl pro- tection of the State. So there you are. If any one believes that Kansas can keep him out of a Federal jail, let him go out and kill a duck. It will add a lot of sport to the already bully sport of duck- hunting, These same good, law-abiding citizens held up their hands in holy horrors. when the brewers make the claim that the manufacture and sale of 234 per cent. beer is not contrary to the letter and intent of the National Prohi- bition Law, inasmuch as it is not intoxicating. To illustrate: One pint of 234 per cent. con- tains 44-100 of one ounce of 100-proof alcohol, or less than one tablespoonful of alcohol of the strength of the tbest whiskey. One quart, which should satisfy the thirst of even a Kan- sas Prohibitionist, would contain but a trifle over a tablespoonful and a half of 100-proof whiskey. The ordinary twelve-ounce glass used on bars contains only 33-100 of an ounce, or less than three teaspoonfuls of 100-proof alcohol. If one State can defy the national law in protecting game birds, another State can defy the Anti-Saloon League’s pet scheme to en- courage moonshining throughout the country. Sunday Fishing. It should be a source of gratification to The Sun and to The Sun’s Rod and Gun contributors that after a two years’ fight against the penal code statute which prohibited fishing “upon the first day of the week” that statute has been elim- inated from the law. Now any one can fish on’ Sunday without making himself subject to arrest, fine and conviction. The Sun editorially stood back of the anglers in their demand for freedom on that day, and it is to The Sun as well as to Gov. Smith that thanks should go. Also to those who did the propaganda work, “Bob-o-Link,’ James F. Farn- ham, president of the Albany County Fish and Game Club; W. L. Loope, ed- itor of the Mileton “Telegram” ; “Game Law” (who is a well known citizen of Albany), and others. It is worth while to print what Gov. parte said in a statement concerning the ill: “As to the proposal to eliminate the prohibition against fishing,” he says, “which many years ago became and has remained a dead letter, there seems to be no serious opposition, and it is proper that the law should be amended so that it will carry no longer an utterly un- forced and unenforceable provision in . this regard.” 40 THE GAME BREEDER Good Work. In the mail today a New Jersey mem- ber (N. J. 526, he requests that we do not mention his name) sent a check for ten dollars and a list of people whom he wishes to interest in The Game Breeder. In the same mail a New Hampshire member (N. H. 455) sent a check for four dollars with a note asking that The Game Breeder be sent to the libraries in three towns in his state and that his own subscription be advanced for an- other year. Activity of this kind is en- couraging to editors. An Iowa reader, in sending the money for some new subscribers, says he let them pay, since “anyone not willing to pay a dollar for the best magazine is not worth having.” Many members have sent three dol- lars each for three new subscriptions. Some say they wish to interest their friends; others, like the Iowa reader, let the new subscribers pay for their maga- zines. When The Game Breeder was first issued game breeding was a criminal per- formance almost everywhere in Amer- ica; many predicted that it would be impossible on this account to induce peo- ple to engage in the industry. The rapidity with which the industry has grown is surprising and gratifying. One reason why it has grown faster in some states than in others is that our readers have taken a more active inter- est in some states than they have in others. The states where we have the largest circulation now have the best laws, the best state game officers, and game breeders are encouraged to pro- duce game for sport and for profit. It is a very easy matter for readers to send us the names of people in their neighborhood who are or who should be interested in game breeding. It is clearly to the interest of our members to increase the number of those who read the magazine. It is not so easy for us to ascertain who are likely to become interested in any place and for this reason we rely upon our readers to heln the cause as many do. If the cause is worth while it is worth helping; we hope our mem- bers always will bear in mind the fact that there is strength in numbers. So please send in the names as requested. Two Checks. Two checks came back in the same mail today (April 26). One from a state game officer who thought he could secure some prairie grouse for scientific purposes; one from a state officer from whom we expected to secure some Gam- bel’s quail. The deadly fool laws have made the game so scarce that it is next to impossible to secure breeding stock. Now that upland shooting is prohibited in most of the states and it is not worth while to own setters and pointers, we think it is highly desirable for those who own prairie grouse to hold on to them, but some of our readers are offering to — send the birds for breeding purposes as soon as they can obtain proper shipping facilities. We often wonder’ if the dog papers, Sportsman’s Review and American Field, have not noticed the loss of their dog advertisements. Possibly this is the reason why one of the papers named is not so busy, as the story papers are, get- ting subscribers for the bulletin of the Protection Society. Quail and Bandits. One of our Texas members writes: “About Mearn’s quail. I can get them if conditions in Mexico would get better, but as it is now, my men are afraid to go far into the interior where they are to be found on account of the bandits. It is not safe anywhere in Mexico away from the larger cities and main lines of travel.” Sunday Hunting in Maine. The Committee on Fish and Game of the Main Legislature reported adversely a bill permitting Suriday shooting. Not That Kind. “Griggs and his wife are not getting along very smoothly, I hear,” said Brown to Smith. “No,” replied Smith, “and you can’t wonder. at it. He married a girl that looked like.a magazine cover, and then expected her to work like a cook book.” THE GAME BREEDER 41 WILD FOWL AND GAME LAWS IN SOUTH DAKOTA. IBS Ie, ID), When I met you a year ago in New York City I told: you I was going on a ‘farm, where I hoped to recover my health. I was then looking for a farm in New England which would be suit- able for wild game, fruit and poultry. I found many places suitable as far as water was concerned, but the soil did not suit me, being used to broad prairies, as far as the eye can reach; the hills of your state did not appeal to me. I had been told that a western man never would be satisfied in the East. As to that I cannot say, only this, something seemed lacking and, after travelling through the country from the shores of the St. Lawrence river to Chesapeake bay, I was very glad to turn my eyes westward to the big prairies of South Dakota, with her beautiful sunsets and sparkling lakes, dotted with myriads of wild water-fowl. To a man who loves game as I do, this is restful to the eye. It must be true that I love it, for my better half has accused me of it more than once. I sold my game park at Huron and last season I spent on my brother’s ranch in North Dakota, where there are lakes and game galore; where I could study their ways of feeding and raising their numerous families in happy content- ment. Here were the Mallards, Pintails, Canvasbacks, Redheads, Scaups, and many other varities, and even the little ruddy duck raising her brood. Many mornings in May and June while roam- ing over the hills I have started the wild Mallard, Pintail, Spoonbill, Gadwall and both the Teal from their downy nests; sometimes it would be in a clump of buck-brush, again it would be in the open, near a tuft of grass. Génerally there would be from 8 to 14 eggs of a greenish white color. The nests were lined with a beautiful soft down from the breast of the mother duck. Many of the nests would be a mile or PICKELL, more from water. It has always seemed strange to me that the ducks go so far away from the lake. The mother duck when the little ones are only a few hours old will start on their long journey to the water, and they very seldom give out on the way. In the thirty years that I have lived in the wild ducks’ domain I have never found more than a dozen of the ducklings abandoned by the mother on the road to water. The only way you can ever find the nests of Canvasback, Redhead and other deep water species is to get inside of a pair of waders and get out among the reeds and flags; generally you will find them from ten to twenty feet from the © shore, built like a coot’s nest floating among the reeds. Six to eleven eggs is about their number. I have known of a Redhead’s nest being built on shore close to the water, but it is seldom you will find them on the bank. I have never found a Scaup’s nest here in South Da- kota, but they must breed here, as many broods can be seen on the lake in June. I do not think that the Widgeon breeds in this state, as I have never seen any young during the breeding season. Many old birds stop here every spring and fall on their way north and south. The Gadwalls breed here by the thou- sands: Also the Spoonbill, which can be found on all the sloughs. I have raised many of these, but I always found them harder to start than most varities since they suck their food from the water. They will learn to eat grain and I have kept many a one on a clear grain diet when the water and ground was frozen in winter and I could not get worms for them. They seem to like a duck mash more than grain when they cannot get bugs from the water. I like to watch the young males get their new plumage and I think they would be beau- tiful were it not for their ill-shaped bills. Stale bread crumbs in water will start this duck eating quicker than anything 42 THE GAME BREEDER I have ever tried, unless it might be a live bug placed before him in the water; if the bug don’t put life in him he is already dead but don’t know it. Some think the mallards, being so common, will eat anything a tame duck will eat. My experience is that pure bred wild mallards are just as particular about what they eat as any of the other breeds of ducks, the only difference is the mallards will eat any kind of grain just so it is clean and wholesome. Of course you can force a mallard to eat spoiled, musty grain by starving him to it; but you will be the loser. I feed more stale bread to young ducks than I used to as I find it a great deal cheaper and it also agrees with them; changing to egg custard and duck mashes as they grow older, adding chick food after 10 days. Gravel is kept before them at all times. A friend of mine raised a brood of Canvasback in a small back yard lot in the city, giving them nothing but stale bread and finely chopped lettuce, throw- ing it in their swimming pool. I bought these ducks and they were fine large birds. I see a few flocks of the beautiful Bufflehead duck go through here, when the flight is on, but they do not stop but a few days. Ten years ago this duck was passing in large flocks; twenty-five years ago thousands passed over. A few years more and their flight will be a thing of the past. Both the Teal and the Gadwall breed here in large numbers, although the Greenwings are only a few in number compared to what they were a few years ago. Young Teal, especially Greenwing, are easy to raise, and they will learn to eat as easily as Mallards. I have had as many as. twenty-five Teal with one chicken hen. Of course they are like all young ducks as they grow older, they then lead and the hen has to follow. I have raised Teal and Spoon- bill with decoy Mallards as foster moth- ers, but I like them much better with a light chicken hen. I have had young Teal so tame that I could not dig angleworms fast enough to suit them and while spading up the ground they would pull and jerk on the worms to get them from their holes. I am enclosing photographs of a pair of Snow Geese which are owned on the game farm of H. J. Jager. This pair of Snow Geese are the first to my knowl- edge which have set and raised young in captivity. The mother is hatching and you will notice one of her babies. in front of her. They have set now for two years, laying, I think, six eggs each year. Money could not buy this pair of birds of Mr. Jager. I have just received a letter from him stating that his Snow Geese and also his Blue Geese, of which _he has a fine flock, have begun to lay already. Since it is only April 14th, it seems to be rather early for them to lay. Mr. Jager, who, by the way, is a thor- ough naturalist, has one of the finest col- lections of wild game birds anyone could wish for. He and his wife are both taxidermists and they have one of the finest collections of mounted birds and animals, covering nearly all species of birds, both land and water fowl, and many species of small fur bearers. Mr. Jager only keeps his wild fowl for the pleasure he gets from caring for them. It is no unusual sight to see pheasants and other birds in their lovely plumage parading on his beautiful lawn. You will enjoy a visit with him among his birds and will be entertained like a prince. When I read in The Game Breeder about the Congress, at last, giving us game-breeders a chance to trap birds for propagation, I was very much pleased, as I had disposed of all my collection, excepting breeding stock, and I hoped I could get a few birds for new blood, if nothing more. I wrote our game war- den asking what I had to do to get one of these permits’ from Washington, D. C., and I received this answer: “It would do you no good to get a permit as this state does not allow birds to be trapped for breeding purposes.” Now how is this, Mr. Editor? I supposed when Con- gress passed a law it covered one state as well as another. Why have not I as much right to trap them for breeding in South Dakota as I would if I were a resident of New York? About sixty rods west of my yards is a lake covering about forty acres. A THE GAME BREEDER 43 neck of land, or sand bar, runs out into this lake. Nearly every morning and until evening this lake is black with ducks; they will sit on this sandbar; it is most of the time covered with ducks. Imagine yourself in my place—I am not wanting to kill these ducks, only to propagate from them. In the open sea- son I can take my gun and destroy these birds and nothing is said—that is law- ful; but I cannot trap any of them to save them, for that is not lawful. I have walked within six rods of these birds; they are not shot at and for that reason are much tamer than in the fall. In the open season, every fall, thou- sands of hunters in this state slaughter the ducks and other game birds, more for the pleasure of killing than any other reason. Do they stop and think where this will end if we keep on? Twenty-five years ago geese and ducks by the millions crossed this state on their trips to and from their breeding grounds; now there are thousands where then there were millions. We wonder where they have gone. Where are the large flocks of cranes that used to light ‘on our fields? We seldom hear more than a dozen flocks in a season now; they will soon be the same as the pas- senger pigeon, a thing of the past, the same place all game will be in a few more years if we are not allowed to progagate them. When I came to this state, thirty years ago, prairie chickens were more plentiful on our prairies than blackbirds are today and they, the black- birds, are a nuisance in our grain fields. Last winter about a hundred prairie chickens stayed near our yards every day, getting a full feed of corn. I could have easily trapped them and raised a large flock of young from them this sea- son and had a few to pass on to the rest of the game breeders for propagation, but the law says “NO, you cannot trap them to save them, but wait until fall and you can kill them!” This flock and their young will give the hunters this fall just a few hours of pleasure. How about the pleasure we would have had in propagating them? The sage-hen and the grouse are going the same way; only a few more years and they will be like the other inhabitants of these prairies. The buffalo is gone, only for a few speci- mens that some of our far-seeing people insisted on trying to save by propagat- ing. When I came to South Dakota the Curlew and the other upland game birds were so abundant you could see them in large flocks. Now we seldom see any. A few more years of this keeping the lid tight on game breeding, and not allowing us breeders to propagate them, and the game birds will be far more scarce than the hairs on our bald heads. Then the smart ones will say, why didn’t someone say why did not we think of it. Well, here is to The Game Breeder and its editor, the magazine that has worked for game breeding and fought for us ever since the first copy came from the press. WILD-BRED AND HAND-REARED BIRDS. By Tue Epiror. There are two methods of breeding game-birds which are well understood in all countries where such birds always are abundant. The hand-rearing, which may be described’ as the poultryman’s method applied to game, is commonly used in the old countries to produce pheasants and ducks. Easily these birds are bred in large numbers by those who know how on the comparatively small rearing fields of the commercial game farms and shooting preserves. The stock pheasants and ducks are confined in closures where the numerous eggs are gathered and hatched under barn-yard fowls or in incubators. The young pheasants and ducks are raised in rearing fields where numerous coops are 44 THE GAME BREEDER. placed in long rows, each containing a hen and a brood of young birds, which are permitted to run about before the coop where the hen is confined. The wild-breeding methods are almost universally applied to partridges and grouse. This method consists of making the property, owned or leased by the game preserver, safe and attractive to the birds, which are permitted to nest in a wild state in the attractive and safe places provided for them by special plantings where such are needed to make the various fields attractive. Two kinds of game keepers are re- quired for the two kinds of work. The men engaged in hand-rearing are busy during the breeding season about the hatching house, pens and rearing fields. When the young pheasants are able to fly well and are two-thirds or nearly full grown, often they are trapped and confined in pens. This is the method on foreign game farms where the birds are to be sold alive, and this is the meth- od of many shooting clubs in America where it is deemed desirable to confine the pheasants until the shooting season opens. For the shooting, a certain num- ber of birds are liberated, often on the day the shooting is to be done. Many pheasants would be lost to vermin in America if they should be taken to the coverts from the rearing fields and given their liberty some time before the shoot- ing season opens. The hand-reared pheasants often do not roost in trees and where they re- main on the ground at night they are an easy prey for ground vermin. In Amer- ica they also are in great danger from owls. when they are induced to nest in the trees and, as I have observed, many of the clubs trap up their young pheas- ants on the rearing fields and hold them in pens (which are covered at the top) to protect them from: their numerous enemies. The hand-reared ducks usually are taken from the rearing field to ponds where often they are protected by fences of chicken wire enclosing the pond and some adjacent land, or at least a part of the land. An island is attractive to ducks since they:are safe from ground vermin. . It has been found difficult often in dhe alles countries, especially in countries where foxes are preserved for sport to turn down hand-reared pheasants in the coverts. The keepers usually see that the young birds quickly take to the trees at night. On some preserves I have been told brush is erected in the rearing fields to induce the young birds to form the habit of roosting above the ground. It would be difficult for a poultryman, in many places in America, to attempt to establish his poultry in fields and woods and to leave the birds out over night, and it is evident that hand-reared pheasants, although somewhat wilder than barn-yard fowls, are in danger of serious losses due to vermin when an attempt is made in America to distribute and establish them on the farm or coun-. try estate. There are places in England where the pheasant has been established as a wild breeding bird and where no hand-rearing is done. Mr: Ogilvie Grant, an authority on English game birds, says there can be no doubt that if the pheasant were not artificially reared it would soon cease to exist, but Captain Aymer Maxwell in his excellent book on pheasants says the pheasant maintained its foothold in Eng- land for some fifteen hundred years without much assistance at the hands of man and that it is less than a century since the practice of rearing pheasants became at all well known. He refers to places where pheasants ~are exclusively bred wild and where none are hand-reared, and publishes a letter from a preserve owner who describes how he manages to secure an average yield of 1,400 to 2,000 wild pheasants. Captain Maxwell says that special plant- ings are required and that the birds must be fed at certain seasons. On many English preserves some of the pheasants are left out throughout the year and many wild eggs are gathered from their nests and brought in to be hatched with the eggs gathered from the penned pheasants. It should be remem- bered always that ground and winged THE GAME BREEDER 45 vermin is closely controlled on the for- eign preserves and that many of the pre- serve owners are protected by neighbors who employ keepers to control the ver- min. Birds reared in a wild state are mutch better equipped than hand reared birds are to escape their numerous enemies. From their earliest days they are taught by their parents how to be on their guard at all times and how to hide and to seek the protection of the briars when an enemy appears. Birds from preserves where vermin has been practically exter- minated are in great danger when they are liberated in places where vermin _ abounds. The innocent creatures, not having been taught to be always on their guard, fall an easy prey to foxes, hawks, owls and numerous other enemies, and their nests are robbed by numerous ground and winged robbers. The attempts made by individuals and by state game officers in America to es- tablish pheasants and gray partridges as wild breeding birds have often resulted in complete failures, largely because the birds do not know how to escape their enemies. They, of course, suffer addi- tional losses from shooting, legal and il- legal, and we have had many demonstra- tions of the entire disappearance of the birds from the places where they have been liberated. Where only a few birds are liberated it is evident to naturalists that they can not be expected to survive since nature’s balance is against them at the start. The enemies are far too numerous when com- pared with the game and, of course, when the birds liberated are hand- Peleake ComennlO Cetin Cheabukesy aalO One should expect them to escape their enemies. Should a large number of birds be turned down on a compartively small area, some might survive and these n¢ doubt would be an illustration of the survival of the fittest. These birds hav- ing survived because they proved to be smart enough to escape their enemies, might breed and teach their young how to properly look out for the dangers of field and wood, and in time the land might become stocked with wild breed- ing birds. There can be no doubt that the best results have been obtained on ground where vermin has been controlled as far as possible by the persistent trap- ping, shooting and poisoning of the ene- mies of the game. But the preserve own- er who wishes to have wild breeding pheasants established on his property would do well to secure birds from a place where they have been bred wild and he certainly should have his ground well protected against vermin. The pro- tection must be continuous if he expects to see many birds on his ground. The hand-rearing keeper is simply a skilled poultryman, who knows how suc- cessfully to rear large numbers of game fowls on protected rearing fields where the young birds are shut up at night. He is usually a good trapper and a good shot. . The keeper in charge of wild breeding birds is known as a beat keeper and his duties are to protect his wild breeding birds by patrolling his grounds, being ever on the look-out for the natural ene- mies of his game and poachers. He is always a skilled trapper and a good shot. Usually, we are glad to observe, he does not approve of poison, and he is able to get along without it. During the winter when snow is on the ground he is able to discover, easily, what ground enemies are about, and it is his business to reduce their numbers as far as possible. At all seasons he is quick to discover the work of vermin as he makes his rounds and he is espe- cially careful during the nesting season to.see that the nests of his birds are made as safe as possible and that the losses of the young birds when they are hatched are reduced to a minimum. Climate is something which he cannot control, of course, but he can do much to offset bad seasons by feeding his birds in winter and by inducing them to nest in safe places. He can suggest the planting of briars and other protecting covers and foods and often he removes the eggs from nests in very exposed sit- uations and places them in safer nests, or perhaps hatches some of them under barn yard fowls or in incubators. The grouse in the older countries are 46 THE GAME BREEDER usually bred wild. It has been found to be an easy matter for beat keepers to so protect the birds that quickly they be- come and remain as abundant as they should be on any area, although much shooting be done in the open season. Sometimes the birds become so abun- dant that they are subject to diseases; the remedy is, of course, to thin them out. The partridges, also, are bred wild in the fields and very little hand-rearing is ever attempted, and when it is done it is simply to supplement the main work of the wild-breeding keepers. There are two very good reasons why grouse and partridges should be bred wild in the fields. First, because this is the cheapest method and, second, be- cause it is the safest and best method. Should a lot of grouse or partridges be hand-reared and brought to maturity without any knowledge of their natural | enemies and the dangers of the fields, they would suffer great losses when turned down to shift for themselves. It is evident that the feeding habits are quite different when birds are fed by hand in enclosures than they are when birds are required to glean in the fields and find their own living. Wild bred birds, widely distributed on a shooting area, are to my mind far more interesting than birds which are reared in enclosures. It certainly is not neces- sary to attempt to breed our grouse and quail in captivity, and there can be no doubt that this is the more expensive and often the most difficult way of producing sport, excepting, of course, where the birds are reared and penned to be liber- ated for the shooting. Should an at- tempt be made to restock any area with hand-reared quail and grouse I am in- clined to believe the undertaking would fail just as attempts to restock Ameri- can farms with gray partridges and hand-reared pheasants have failed. When wild breeding partridges have been procured and liberated, these, also, often have disappeared because they were too innocent to cope with our ver- min or were turned down in too small numbers to have any chance of becom- . ing established. Sometimes when shoot- ing is prohibited they get a foothold and soon ‘become abundant, but more often they become extinct. Hand-rearing produces such large numbers of ducks and pheasants quickly that it would seem to be more attractive than the attempts to establish wild breed- ing birds, which undoubtedly are far more difficult to produce for shooting, provided the original stock be hand- reared. There are ways, however, of restocking areas with wild breeding American birds, and in fact vast num- bers now are produced and shot on many places in America where no coops or hens or incubators are ever used and where no artificial production of any kind is attempted. The owner of a country place, in my opinion, will have a far more interesting shooting provided a good part of his game be bred wild in the fields, all over the place, than he will if he simply has an array of pens and inclosures and coops where thousands of birds are hand-reared. There can be no possible objection to having some hand rearing as a supplementary undertaking or to supply a lot of birds for some sure and easy shooting, but the places which en- tertain me best when I visit them are the places where there does not appear to be much game until a ramble in the fields with well trained dogs discloses its abun- dance, and, I may add, its natural wild- ness. I am pleased to observe that there are many places in America where American game has been made abun- dant. State Departments and Game Breeders. The live state departments which are trying to furnish some shooting on pub- lic lands are good customers of the game breeders, and are beginning to see that it is highly desirable to have places where they can secure ten thousand or more eggs or birds at attractive prices. Some of the commercial farms now sell upwards of twenty-five thousand eggs in a season. These, for the most part, are common duck and pheasant eggs. THE GAME BREEDER 47 PERMITS TO TRAP AND SELL WILD FOWL. [Many inquiries have been made concerniug the methods of obtaining permits to trap and sell wild fowl. Readers who have obtained applications for permits have not understood them or have been at a loss how to properly make them out. The confusion has resulted partly from the fact that two separate and distinct forms of application are issued and some of the require- ments can not possibly be complied with by most persons. Where the requirements are im- possible they seem to be in violation of Section 12 of the Migratory Bird law which was added to protect Game Breeders, and they are therefore void, and no attention should be paid to them. Some of the permits contain a clause prohibiting the applicant from shooting the ducks. This prohibition is in violation of Section 12 and is void on that account. The Biological Survey will issue a new permit to those holding permits preventing shooting and did so promptly when the Long Island Game Breeders Association notified the Survey of the error in the permit issued Bae) the Association. How to Obtain Them. ‘1. The application for permits should be addressed to Dr. E. W. Nelson, Chief of the Biological Survey, Washington, ID, GC, A simple letter saying: “Please send me the two applications for trapping and selling wild fowl,” is sufficient. Upon receipt of this letter the depart- ment will send two forms for applica- tions which should be filled out by the applicant. One of these forms is for a permit to trap wild fowl; the other is for a breed- er’s permit permitting the breeding of the fowl and the sale of the birds for breeding purposes and for food, after they are shot. The two regulations under which per- mits are issued are as follows: REGULATION 8 Sepa sats TO PROPAGATE AND SELL cee WATERFOWL. Paragraph 2 of Regulation 8 is amended so as to read as follows: 2. A person authorized by a permit issued by the Secretary may possess, buy, sell, and transport migratory waterfowl and their in- crease and eggs in any manner and at any time for propagating purposes; and migratory waterfowl, except the birds taken under para- graph 1 of this regulation, so possessed may be killed by him at any time, in any manner, except that they may be killed by shooting only during the open season for waterfowl in the State where taken, and the unplucked car- casses and the plucked carcasses, with heads and feet attached thereto, of the birds so killed may be sold and transported by him in any manner and at any time to any person for actual consumption, or to the keeper of a hotel, restaurant, or boarding house, retail dealer in Readers will find the following instructions sufficient to enable them to secure both permits where it is posible to do so. No charge is made for issuing them.—Epiror. ] meat or game, or a club, for sale or service to their patrons, who may possess such carcasses for actual consumption without a permit, but after midnight of March 31, 1919, no migratory waterfowl killed by shooting shall be bought or sold unless each bird before attaining the age of four weeks shall have had removed from the web of one foot a portion thereof in the form of a “V” large enough to make a permanent well-defined mark which shall be sufficient to identify them as birds raised in domestication under a permit. REGULATION 9.—PERMITS TO COLLECT Micratory Birds FOR SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES, Regulation 9 is amended so as to read as follows: A person may take in any manner and at any time migratory birds and their nests and eggs for scientific purposes when authorized by a permit issued by the Secretary, which permit shall be carried on his person when he is collecting specimens thereunder and _ shall be exhibited to any person requesting to see the same. Application for a permit must be addressed to the Secretary of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., and must contain the following infor- mation: Name and address of applicant and name of State, Territory, or District in which specimens are proposed to be taken and the purpose for which they are intended. Each application shall be accompanied by certificates from two well-known ornithologists that the applicant is a fit person to be entrusted with a permit. The permit will authorize the holder thereof to possess, buy, sell, and transport in any manner and at any time migratory birds, parts thereof, and their nests and eggs for scientific purposes. Public museums, zoological parks and societies, and public scientific and educa- tional institutions may possess, buy, sell, and transport in any manner and at any time migratory birds and parts thereof, and their nests and eggs for scientific purposes without 48 THE GAME BREEDER a permit, but no specimens shall be taken with- out a permit. The plumage and skins of migratory game birds legally, taken may be possessed and transported by a person without a permit. A taxidermist when authorized by a permit issued by the Secretary may possess, buy, sell, and transport in any manner and at any time - migratory |birds and parts thereof legally taken, Readers will observe that the permits are fairly liberal in their terms and that they are intended to promote game breeding, “in order to increase our food supply,” as Section 12 of the statute reads. In order to properly fill out the appli- cation for the permits to propagate and sell it is necessary to have two witnesses to the signature of the applicant, one of whom must be a public officer. The easiest public officer to secure, in most neighborhoods, is a Notary or Justice of the Peace, Town Clerk, Alderman or any person holding any public office. Politicians now are so numerous that it should be an easy matter to find one holding some public office. The second regulation, it will be ob- served, requires the applicant to secure certificates from two well known orni- thologists. The application blank con- tains a form which seems to require the ornithologists to state that they have known the applicant for .... years. The number of years to be filled in by the ornithologists. Since a great majority of game breed- -ers live in the country, often on a rural delivery route, as their address on the index cards of The Game Breeder shows, it must be evident that in most cases there are not two (or even one) well known ornithologists within several hun- dred miles of their residences; and we venture to say that not one game breeder in a thousand knows a well known or- nithologist or would know one if he saw him. The well known ornithologists are comparatively rare; they are by no means as common as politicians, holding a public office, in any neighborhood. It would seem, therefore, that the appli- cant in most cases is required to perform an impossibility, and we doubt if the ‘Congress had such performance in mind when it said that nothing in the act should prevent the breeding of game on game farms and preserves. It is quite important for breeders to have birds to. lay the eggs. We suggest that the regu- lations be amended. The regulations made by The Survey do not require a shooter to secure two. well known ornithologists to certify that they have known him for years be- fore he can destroy twenty-five wild ducks in a day.. We hope the regula- tion can be amended so that those who wish to take twenty-five ducks or other wild fowl in a day can do so with as much freedom as is awarded to the de- stroyers. The game breeder who takes live ducks for breeding purposes should certainly have as much freedom as The Survey grants to destroyers. We suggest respectfully to The Survey that it read Section 12 of the law and consider if the regulation is a substantial compli- ance with its terms, which are expressed in no uncertain language. The regula- tions provide that state laws must be observed, and it is quite true that some states, many, in fact, are so far behind the times as to only permit the taking of wild fowl with shot-guns, and most of the birds so taken are not suitable for breeding purposes when Remington cartridges are used, as they are very largely. In New York it is now legal to trap birds for breeding purposes and, of course, since The Survey holds that state laws govern this subject no na- tional permits are necessary. Mr. Hen- derson, of The Survey, called our atten- tion, in sending a permit, to the fact that it did not permit the taking of wild fowl, and he evidently had the New York law in mind. We have no doubt that in states which properly permit the trap- ping of birds for breeding purposes The Survey is powerless to prevent the trap- ping for such purpose, since Section 12° of the law was made to cover such ac- tions. Any attempt to do so would be a flagrant violation of the law which says nothing in it shall be construed to pre- vent the breeding of game. When New York breeders are engaged in taking birds for breeding purposes they would’ THE GAME BREEDER 49 resent any interference. Fortunately they are. not. required to secure the aid - of two well known ornithologists who have known them for years any more than the shooters are required to have such assistance. It would be a poor sam- ple of a sportsman who would say that a game breeder should have no birds to lay eggs for him. We are inclined to think that such a shooter is more rare in most neighborhoods than the well known ornithologists are. We sincerely hope that the regulations can be simplified and that the game breeders in all the states ‘can be per- mitted to take all the birds they may need for breeding purposes. The prices of food are so high that there is no danger of any breeder taking more than he can use to advantage. Notwithstand- ing the difficulty, which is prohibitive in many neighborhoods, a good number of breeders have secured trapping permits and these, added to those who can oper- ate under state laws, can sell a large number of breeding fowls to those be- yond the reach of ornithologists. Readers who secure permits are ad- vised to examine them and see if they prohibit shooting. As originally printed this error appeared and although the provision is void, being a violation of the law, it is a good plan to return such permits and the survey promptly will correct them. There seems to be a disposition to treat game breeders fairly, but the sur- vey seems to have been badly advised when its regulations were made and pos- sibly the advisers were those who, to gain some private ends, were opposed to the protecting section added to the preventive law which made it highly permissive. We are quite sure it never could have been enacted had it not been repaired so as to give full protection to game breeders. A South Dakota reader, a capable game breeder, who inquired of his game warden how he could procure a permit to take birds alive for breeding purposes. since he prefers to produce ducks rather than to destroy them, was informed it would do no good to get a permit since the state law prevented taking fowl for breeding purposes. South Dakota, no doubt, has an in- telligent state game officer who is not opposed to food production on the farms and who will favor the amendment of the state law so as to permit the taking of birds for breeding purposes when his attention is called to the.matter. If he should not do so the proper remedy is ta retire the officer or to abolish the de- partment. A department of the state government which insists that no food can be produced by a farmer and no fowl can be taken for breeding purposes has no excuse for its existence, and the farmers and intelligent sportsmen quick- ly can bring about a change when their attention is called to the matter. An interesting case may be presented if a game breeder taking wild fowl un- der a national permit be arrested for so doing by a state officer who may believe that food production should be a crime and that the Congress had no right to make a law encouraging it. It will be interesting to learn what such an officer was doing during the war and how many of his associates put in their time pre- venting the production of food. The writer is a sportsman with a very wide acquaintance among sportsmen in many states. He has made numerous inquiries to see if he could find a sportsman who would say that it should be a crime to produce food on a farm. If any such there be, a letter from such an individual will be printed in The Game Breeder if sent to the office. Mexican Quail Survive a Blizzard. A big lot of Mexican quail arrived at the preserve of the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association during a snow storm. Most of the birds, however, sur- vived and all are now in fine condition. If the breeding season is a good one a big lot of quail of several species will be produced and many will be harvested in the proper manner known to scientists who like shotguns and field shooting. 50 THE GAME BREEDER NOTES FROM THE GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. Gambel’s Quail Vanishing in New Mexico and Increasing in New York. The Hon. Thomas P. Gable, the newly appointed State Game Warden for New Mexico, writes: “I am sorry that I will be unable to comply with your request for quail and am obliged to return your check. The hard cold winter was so se- vere on the birds that in some localities they have been entirely depleted. I am making every effort to purchase fish and game for restocking this state, and now have parties in El Paso and Mexico who are trying to secure quail for me from that locality. At present I cannot hold out any hope of shipping you quail from this state; in fact, there is no law author- izing the game warden to sell quail or ship them out of the state except for scientific purposes.” Our request for quail was for scien- tific purposes. The birds were to be do- nated to the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association, where the most important scientific experiments ever undertaken with quail are conducted. Gambel’s quail from New Mexico were bred suc- cessfully on the farms of this Associa- tion last year and the experiment in- cluded the most important part of such experimental work, the harvesting of the crop, “by shooting.” What possibly can be more scientific than the transfer of quail long distances ; the hatching of their eggs in incubators and under hens; the rearing of many birds, and the harvesting of the food crop in a highly scientific manner with the Parker and Remington guns and am- munition. The scientific experiment was even carried to the cooking and eating of the food in New York City, where the serving of quail on toast has been somewhat unusual: as we have pointed out, the cooking of game properly is now regarded as a science as well as an art. The Association had some losses of breeding stock. Thirty Gambel’s quail were liberated by a cow which scratched open the door of their inclosure. The death of a game keeper left a lot of birds exposed in a pen, made especially un- sanitary by a bantam which should have been taken out. Some of the quail per- ished. It was desired to procure a few additional stock birds in order to con- tinue the scientific work on a larger scale this year. The Long Island Association now has the largest number of Blue Quail, Gam- bel’s Quail and Bob Whites ever assem- bled in America for experimental work, and it is to be hoped as the shooting fails in New Mexico it will be conducted on an increasing scientific scale on many places associated with the Game Con- servation Society. Covies of Gambel’s quail have been seen crossing the road some distance to the east and also to the west of the .farms of the Game Breeding Associa- tion, and beyond its ‘boundaries. Nu- merous cats and other vermin also are reported and the Association is collecting these enemies by scientific methods. Al- though it is too early to say if the Gam- bel’s quail has been thoroughly estab- lished on Long Island, N. Y., and we fear the cats are too numerous when compared with the game, it can not be denied that the birds still occur, although some scientific harvesting occurred last fall. It seems likely more birds will be produced this summer and _ harvested next autumn. By keeping the game laws off of the farms and preventing the enactment of the laws and regulations most fatal to all game (laws preventing shooting, which destroy the inducement for production), the scientific character of the work has been emphasized and made known to many intelligent people. We hope in time some of the game breeding associations affliated with the Game Conservation Society will be able to supply the State officer of New Mex- ico with quail and that he will not have to reach out and secure his birds in Mexico, sending money abroad which should go to American farms. The Game Conservation Society does not sell game in competition with the game farm- ers who advertise in The Game Breeder. It is actively engaged in creating new THE GAME BREEDER 51 shooting customers for the game farmers. A Bird in the Hand Worth Two in the Bush. Howard Hettzer, of Hasbrouck Heights, New Jersey, is reported, in Sportsman's Review, to have flushed a woodcock when walking over a range where he was target shooting. The cock flew about thirty yards and hid in the grass. As he put his hand down the cock ‘‘scrambled along the ground,” but allowed Mr. Hettzer to pick him up, which he could not account for. He re- leased the bird and it flew to the willows. That afternoon Mr. Hettzer went gun- ning and flushed the bird twice, but missed him, as the woodcock was very wild. The date of the occurrence is not given. The action of the bird would indicate that it might have had young birds or a nest. Canadian Ducks and Grouse. One of our Canadian readers says: “Tt would be no trouble to procure the different species of duck eggs if there should be a ready market for the same. The reason why I say this is, I wrote to several of the game preserves in your locality last fall about the sale of canvas- backs and mallards. The birds were hand-raised from incubator and brooder and the only reply I could get was the distance was too far for birds to travel. So I killed my mallards and a number of my canvasback, which I sincerely regret now, because I| think if 1 had put my ad- vertisement in your paper I should have got results. But anyway, I shall do my best to secure some of the eggs you men- tion and to raise ducks for fall delivery. My space is limited, but if the orders should be such as to make it worth while I would devote my whole time to the business. I am going to try to raise a good number of sharp-tailed grouse and ruffed grouse this season. This will be my first experience in this line, but I am hoping for success. I will let you know the result.” We have not had the opportunity to experiment with the grouse, but our numerous experiments with quail and the reports of many quail breeders indi- cate that great care is necessary in feed- ing the young birds. In a wild state the young upland game birds do not procure grain and the foods commonly used to hand-rear pheasants and ducks. There can be no doubt that the food of young grouse and quail consists very largely, if not entirely, of insects and green foods. The excellent bulletins of the late Dr. Judd are quite complete in so far as the food habits of old grouse and quail are concerned, but they are very incomplete concerning the food habits of young birds. An excellent field for scientific investigation remains open and it is to be hoped that the Biological Survey will investigate the food habits of young up- land game birds and report the result. It seems likely that many green weed seeds and small insects found in the grass are eaten by the young birds, since these are seasonable. Our obser- vations of quail in a garden indicate that the young birds are fond of small green weed seeds and the numerous insects found on the plants. Later the birds un- doubtedly add berries to their bill of fare, and we know, of course, that old birds eat the dry and hard weed seeds to be found in the autumn and also grain, which is seasonable and suitable for old birds. In the winter, when snow is on the ground, these birds eat the red hips of wild roses, sumac and dried _ berries which remain on tall briars and the seeds which fall from them. Undoubt- edly they eat many dried weed seeds when these can be found above the snow. We are inclined to believe that the best method of hand-rearing sharp-tailed grouse and the other grouse of the open country would be to let the young birds run with a bantam in a garden bordered with prairie grasses and that the best way to rear ruffed grouse would be to let the young birds run with a bantam in © a safe wood where the natural foods of young grouse are abundant. Probably a little garden full of vegetables and weeds and berries might well be included in the range. The breeding ground should 52 THE GAME BREEDER be enclosed with wire netting and kept quiet and safe. All game enemies should be controlled and kept out. : We especially want reports from our readers who experiment with grouse and quail. The safest, simplest and best way to breed these birds is, of course, on a large area which is made especially safe and attractive by planting briars and natural foods, including berries and grapes; the birds being permitted to nest and rear their broods in a wild state. There is an old saying that “the par- tridge makes the best mother,” and in the older countries grouse and partridges are bred wild and very little hand-rear- ing is attempted. Pheasants and Quail. A reader who called at the office of The Game Breeder. recently reported the killing of a number of quail by a hen pheasant. Two winged quail, a cock and a hen, taken in the shooting field, were placed in a pen and the following summer four- teen eggs were discovered, from which nine quail were reared to maturity. On October 31, a hen pheasant which was on the place was trapped, in order to prevent its being shot by trespassers, and it was put in the pen with the quail. The following day the pheasant killed the two old quail and eight of the young ones; only one quail remained alive. The question of introducing pheasants on quail preserves has been much dis- cussed, some preserve owners entertain- ing the opinion that the birds are not harmonious and that the pheasants are not desirable in fields where it is pro- posed to have an abundance of quail.. A keeper at the Rassapreague Club many years ago told the writer that he had a good lot of quail at a time when he had several thousand pheasants, and in the winter he had observed repeatedly a big covey of quail feeding with the pheas- ants when he fed the last named birds. He said the birds appeared to get along nicely together. Upon another occasion a farmer on a large game preserve in New Jersey, where thousands of pheasants were reared, told the writer that he had seen pheasants chasing the quail in the corn, up one row and down another, as he said. I have observed on several preserves in which I am interested that the quail liberated in good numbers near pheasant pens and rearing fields disappeared to a large extent, in some cases entirely, but I have never seen pheasants actually fighting or annoying quail. I formed the opinion that fields near enclosed rearing fields and pheasant pens and, in fact, near rearing fields for duck, were frequented by much vermin, attracted by the birds in the inclosures, and for this reason the quail moved away. I would like to hear from readers who have pheasants and quail what they think about the matter. The Right Kind of Ammunition. The Game Conservation Society, through its numerous affiliated game breeding associations and game shoot- incr clubs; andmasthe = simany cate farmers, is responsible for the pro- duction of vast quantities of game. Some of the birds, of course, are taken by vermin, but immense num- bers are now shot. The sportsmen who shoot this game should always remember that it should be shot only with guns” and ammunition advertised in The Game Breeder. The enthusiasm with which members of the Society pull together when game and eggs are purchased and sold, indicates that those who profit by the more game and fewer game laws movement and have good shooting will take our advice and support those who support the cause by advertising. A lot of ammunition is used during the year on game farms and preserves to control vermin. Game keepers should see that they have the kind which helps to make their employment possible. More Praise. “Your good paper is either getting more interesting or else I myself am be- ‘coming more appreciative; perhaps I have stated the truth in both cases,” writes one of our Colorado readers. It was a difficult matter during the war to improve The Game Breeder. Many who sent notes about their experiences quit doing so because they went abroad THE GAME BREEDER 53 as all our young men did. The new in- ~ dustry has a boom now and the readers who contribute the most interesting: mat- ter to the pages of the magazine will make their paper better:than ever. There is so much freedom in some of the states that an immense amount of game soon will be produced and the states which appear to be far behind the times no doubt will wake up and get live game officers when the people see the game passing through in one direction and the money going through in the other direc- tion to the producers, and when the sportsmen hear how good the shooting is in the free states. We expect to ex- hibit the good shooting to some non-resi- dents in several places and to send them home prepared to get busy. The Long Island Game Breeders Association. The Long Island Game Breeders As- sociation now has a variety of state and national permits to possess and breed game and to trap birds for breeding pur- poses. The new game keeper, J. H. Wise, has had a wide experience, not only with pheasants and ducks, but also with American game birds on preserves in the South. Numerous cats and others have had good cause to regret his coming to Long Island. In a large number of aviaries the Scaled or Blue quail, Gambel’s quail, Bob Whites and pheasants are in the pink of condition. Many hens already are setting on wild duck eggs in the hatching boxes in the orchard, and al- though the ducks are only a side line on this farm, which is devoted especially to quail and pheasants, it seems likely a few hundred wild duck will be raised. Some of the ducks which were in the habit of making long flights, remaining away for a day at a time, were trapped and clipped in order to see that they did not nest outside of the preserve. The Association undoubtedly has the largest collection of Scaled quail, Gam- bel’s quail and Bob Whites ever assem- bled for hand-rearing purposes and since the quail left out after the shooting last’ season have evidently survived the win- ter and their natural enemies and:are heard whistling on all sides, it seems likely that a good crop may be harvested in the proper manner and “not other- wise,” next autumn. The special plantings of alternate strips of corn and buckwheat made the ground very attractive to the quail and many birds evidently wintered in a wild state quite near the house. The doves seem to be increasing in numbers and in fact coming back in good numbers and it is to be hoped be- fore long these excellent birds can be served on the club table and taken home as food. The martins are busy arranging their boxes; the robins and- bluebirds have arrived, and these will be followed, no doubt, by the meadow larks and nu- merous songsters and weed seed eaters which seem to respond better to practical game protection and an abundance of food than they ever were known to re- spond to numerous laws. The interest- ing work will be observed by many visi- tors during the breeding season. The Beneficial Owl. The game keeper of the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association trapped a few dozen rats and mice and placed them on a bench in the barn which was closed for the night. In the morning all of the rats and mice excepting one were gone. A small window was open and he says the owls undoubtedly took the food. No cat or other animal could have taken the rats and mice since several dogs were sleeping in the barn, and the evidence seems conclusive that the beneficial owls were the visitors. Some screech owls live near the house and barn and are heard nightly. They are not molested since the game keeper agrees with us that they do not harm the game. These owls, no doubt, will increase in numbers since there seems to be no end to the rats and mice, which eyidently come from neighboring places. Small Hawks. The evidence in favor of the small owls is not so conclusive concerning the small hawks. Why these birds should sit on trees and apparently admire the quail in the aviaries if they have no in- terest in such birds is not apparent. A 54 THE GAME BREEDER few shots fired at them at long range sends them away unharmed and it may not be necessary to destroy them. Game keepers at a state game farm reported that the small hawks appeared to be as bad as the big ones, and it may be they quickly acquire perverted appetites when they are tempted with a good lot of young quail and pheasants spread out on a rearing field. Some years ago when visiting a pheas- ant preserve we heard the game keeper’s ,gun as we approached his rearing field and he picked up a small.hawk which had struck a young pheasant. He said the bird had been doing this daily for several days and that he decided to stop the performance. It seemed: to us then that he was, or should have been, clearly within his rights as the shepherd who destroys a wolf is. It would be wise, undoubtedly, - to make it legal everywhere for the game farmer to destroy enemies, when observed taking his game, and we think it decidedly wise for preserve owners and game farmers not to destroy the so- called beneficials when they appear not to be taking game. One thing is cer- tain, the hawks are wise birds and there is no danger of their all being destroyed. Market Prices. The prices for early pheasant eggs remained well up. Sales at $30 and $35 per hundred were reported. Those who had their advertisements in early and were nearest to the best markets had the best results. Many people entertained the idea that eggs can not be shipped safely for long distances. We have rec- ords, however, of thousands of eggs be- ing shipped from New England to the Pacific coast, and many eggs now are shipped from the Western states to the Eastern states. We had very good re- sults with eggs which we purchased in England for our experimental work. If eggs will stand the railway journey to the ship and the sea voyage it would seem that they should stand a long jour- ney by rail, provided they be properly packed and properly handled. The common price for pheasant and duck eggs is $25 per hundred for early eggs, $20 for later eggs, and sales will be made, no doubt, in June and later for $15 and possibly for $10 per hundred. We have records of some late sales as low as $10. It is a good plan to rear some late birds in addition to the early birds, and the performance is not so difficult as some seem to think it is. Quail and Quail Eggs. Quail eggs have been selling for about twice as much as pheasant and duck eggs. Since quail are small eaters when compared with the larger birds, and since they lay numerous eggs when penned, it is evident that the quail are very profitable. Mexican quail sold at $18 to $24 per dozen for bob whites. Scaled quail sold for $15 to $24 per dozen and there was a demand for hun- dreds of thousands of quail which could not be filled. Owners of northern quail did not need any advertising to sell all the birds and eggs they wished to sell. Some entertained the opinion that, it might not be wise to advertise just yet, since some game wardens do not seem to yet know the difference between quail owned by individuals and quail owned by the state. In time, like Sunday fish- ing in New York, the quail industry will be so common that the laws which might _ appear to prevent it will be repealed. New York Laws and Federal Regulations. Dr. Nelson, chief of the ieloecal Survey, writes: “The provisions of the Federal regula- tions closely follow the provisions of the New York statute, with which you prob- ably familiar. We refer you to Rule VII, Section 33, of the Rules and Regu- lations of the Conservation Commission of New York, found at page 147 of the compilation of the Fish and Game Code. This rule does not specifically provide that the mark of identification shall be shaped in the form of a “V,” but we understand that the “V” shaped mark has been universally adopted in the state. The New York statute also provides that ducks so killed shall be tagged un- der the supervision of the Conservation Commission. The provisions of the New York statute, as well as those of the Federal Regulations, of course, must be complied with. There is no conflict THE GAME BREEDER 55 between the rules of the State Commis- sion and the provisions of the Federal Regulations, but the state rules contain requirements that are not mentioned in the Federal Regulations. Under the Federal Regulations no wild ducks that have been captured for propagating purposes can be killed or sold for food purposes, but may be sold only for propagating purposes under Federal permits and in accordance with state laws. The increase from such captured wild ducks may be killed and sold as provided by the Federal Regu- lations and in accordance with state laws. The Bureau has been preparing a draft of an amendment of Regulation 8 pro- viding for the tagging of wild ducks that have been captured for propagating purposes and wild ducks raised in do- mestication. The provisions of this ten- tative amendment are not onerous, but are designed to place a reasonable check on the traffic in order that ducks cap- tured for propagating purposes and those raised in domestication may be dis- tinguished from wild birds. For your further information we take pleasure in sending herewith a memo- randum which explains the scope and application of the present Federal Reg- ulations with respect to propagating migratory waterfowl and the authority conferred by Federal propagating per- mits.” Breeders can get full information about the Federal Regulations and the game laws of their states which relate to wild ducks by writing to the Biological Survey, Washington, D. C. MEMORANDUM Relating to permits authorizing traffic in migratory waterfowl and their eggs for propagating purposes. The Migratory Bird Treaty Act of July 3, 1918, provides that: “It shall be unlawful to hunt, take, capture, kill, attempt to take, capture or kill, possess, offer for sale, sell, offer to purchase, purchase, deliver for shipment, ship, cause to be shipped, deliver for transportation, transport, cause to be transported, carry or cause to be carried by any means whatever, receive for shipment, transportation or carriage, or export, at any time or in any manner, any migratory bird, included in the terms of the convention be- tween the United States and Great Britain for the protection of migratory birds concluded August sixteenth, nineteen hundred and six- teen, or any part, nest, or egg of any such bird.” No migratory waterfowl or their eggs can be taken, possessed, sold, purchased, shipped, or transported for propagating purposes ex- cept as specifically permitted by Regulation 8 of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act Regulations. This includes migratory waterfowl held by any person on July 3, 1918. Two forms of permits are provided. A per- mit issued pursuant to paragraph 3 of Regula- tion 8 should be applied for on form Bi-279 and will authorize a person to take a limited number of wild migratory waterfowl and their eggs, and to traffic in such birds and eggs and in other migratory waterfowl and their eggs solely for propagating purposes. THE WILD BIRDS SO TAKEN CANNOT BE KILLED, NOR CAN THEY BE SOLD OR TRANS- PORTED EXCEPT FOR PROPAGATING PURPOSES AND THEN ONLY TO A PERSON HOLDING A FEDERAL PER- MIT. The permit will not authorize any migratory waterfowl to be killed and trafficked in for food purposes. A permit issued pursuant to paragraph 2 of Regulation 8 should be applied for on Bi-281 and will authorize the permittee to possess, purchase, sel! and transport for propagating purposes migratory waterfowl, their increase and eggs, lawfully taken and possessed, and to kill birds raised in domestication and to sell and transport their carcasses for food pur- poses as provided in said Regulation 8. Such permit does not authorize the taking of wild migratory waterfowl for any purpose. Migratory waterfowl lawfully taken and pos- sessed under these permits may be used and transported tor ornamental, exhibition, and decoy purposes. These Federal permits do not authorize migratory waterfowl to be taken, possessed, or trafficked in contrary to state laws, and all persons are cautioned to comply with the pro- visions of state laws before operating under Federal permits. Reports of operations under these permits must be furnished during the month of Jan- uary next following their issuance as required by paragraph 5 of Regulation 8. For further information in regard to Federal game laws apply to Biological Survey, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. The Time to Advertise. Many game breeders delay sending in their advertisements offering eggs until the birds begin to lay. This is a mis- take. The people who want a big lot of eggs begin inquiring for them early and those who keep their advertisements standing get the best results, of course. 56 THE GAME BREEDER ‘The Gane Breeder PusiisHeD MONTHLY Epitep sy DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, MAY, 1919. TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. To All ForeignCountries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntineton, President, F. R. Perxortro, Treasurer, J. C. Huntincton, Secretary. E, Dayton, Advertising Manager. Telephone, Beekman 3685. MORE LAWS. . More laws and more litigation evi- dently have been secured by the Game Protection Association during the last winter months. We sincerely hope that the Migratory Bird Law may be de- clared constitutional provided the court can say that wild migratory birds not owned and branded by game breeders are owned by the nation and a proper subject for national police regulation. The ample protection given to game breeders by Section 12 of the law; the evident intention of the Biological Sur- vey to permit the trapping of wild fowl for breeding purposes and the shooting of big bags of game by game breeders, and the sale of the abundant game as food under proper regulations (which in time can be made very simple), make it desirable that wild fowl should be governed by the national law and not by the ever changing state enactments: It certainly is a hardship for game breeders to be forced to comply with two sets of laws and regulations; to have state officers and national officers, both requiring the tagging and, branding of the food before it can be marketed, and to have state officers and national officers inspecting the breeding plants and requiring reports of the game pro- duced and sold. There are many thousands of game breeders. Some have only a few birds. In the Middle West it was a common sight, before the numerous laws were enacted, to see a few tame green-heads, or mallards, in the barnyards: °We have ‘seen many: Canada geese on the western farms, and if the farmers be required to pay for licenses and to tag; and brand their fowls and to make:;tepoerts ito the state and to the nation about-what they are doing. with a few pairs of. tame ducks or geese, the result) will be that they will eat the birds and have nothing on the farms to tempt state and national officers to make. arrests, because breed- ing fowls are “in their possession.” When Iowa enacted a law requiring a $2.00 license for game breeders, many farmers who had tame mallard did not apply for licenses, and it hardly seemed to be good politics to arrest them be- cause they had barnyard ducks before the law was enacted. The correct way to handle the whole subject is to let any farmer or other land owner have’ a qualified ownership in the game he produces, wild or tame, on his farm. The ownership practically is absolute so long as the game remains on the farm, since the trespass laws pre- vent anyone from taking the game. The ownership of game, at the common law, is said to be a qualified ownership, since game often departs from places. where it is produced abundantly, and the own- ership is then lost and the game cannot be followed and taken in replevin be- cause it cannot be identified. The place to regulate the sale of game is not on the farms but in the market. Producers should not be licensed and annoyed by numerous laws, regulations and officers. The game dealers should be licensed and regulated and ample records can be required from them. ————<— 0 a—__—_- A Uniform Law for Massachusetts. Mr. Bailey of Danbury has prepared a bill providing for a uniform fishing season. The numerous. laws opening and closing the fishing season on various ponds are wrong, of course. They are the direct result of the appetite for legis- lation to which often we have referred. Local protective associations continually run to the legislative assemblies seeking (Continued on pagé 59.) THE GAME BREEDER 5T WSK AVASS Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants WRITE FOR PRICES Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE Member of the Game Guild We Furnish Eggs in Season F.B.DUSETTE & SONS’ GAME RANCH BAD AXE, MICH. BREEDERS OF Pure Wild Mallards. Black Ducks, Wild Turkeys and Bob White Quail Our game is grown on our 240-Acre ‘Ranch, with natural feed on our Several Lakes, which makes our stock very attractive for Breeders, Shooting Clubs and Preserve Owners at a minimum price. Our birds comply with the Federal regulations which permit shooting and sale. Contracts Now Open for August and Seplemtber pave Fees for Sale This Season Eine F. B. DUSETTE & SONS, BAD ‘AXE, MICH. 58 Titik GAME BREEDER FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES fe The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable RIOT ”’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bow! Field, New Haven, Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Y ale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected, fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, ennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. Jj. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE SuiteA JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N. Y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. Member of The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders Society. THE HONE YSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY Best for Home and Market The bushes make good cover for game. Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Price Lists Free. A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. FREE FOUNDATION STOCK furnished to raise Rabbits, Cavies or Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and paper. 1 Young’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any . skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear Marker $1.50. Ear Tags 30c per dozen. Gibson’s wonderful Rabbit Book $1.00. Cavy Book 50c. Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising pigeons for profit, $1.00. NATIONAL FANCIER & BREEDER 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed : Mailed free to any address by America’s the Author Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc., Dog Medicines} 118 West 31st Street, New York The Breeders’ and Fanciers’ News SCRANTON, PA. devoted to the breeding and marketing of ducks geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- bits, cavies, pigeons, etc. Organ of the American Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Canada 75c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 Special Trial Offer in U. S., 8 Months for 25c AD. RATES: 75c an inch, or for 3 months or more at rate of 65c aninch. Classified, 2c a word. ddress BREEDERS’ AND FANCIERS’ NEWS Scranton, Pa. 1538 Dickson Ave., THE GAME BREEDER 59 OUR FEATHERED GAME _A manual on American Game Birds with shooting illustrations in color, and bird portraits of all American Game Birds. By D. W. HUNTINGTON Editor of The Game Breeder PRICE $2.00 Our Big Game A manual on the big game of North America with pictures of all big game animals. By D. W. HUNTINGTON Editor of the Game Breeder PRICE $2.00 WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. We have the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the shooting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD (Continued from page 56.) to procure new laws relating to fish and game, but they seem to overlook the fact that they would fare better if they would put in part of their time and money in providing more fish and more game. As we have pointed out, the game law in- dustry results in the people getting what they go after—more laws; but we are glad to observe the increasing num- bers of people who are associating to secure more game and more fish. The result is, of course, more shooting and more fishing. —___,___ STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT, CiRcu- LATION, Etc., REQUIRED BY THE AcT OF CONGRESS OF Aucust 24, 1912, or tHE GAME BreEeEpDER, published monthly at New York, N. Y., for April, 1, 1919. State of New York, County of New Yor » ss.— Before me, a notary public in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared D. Hunting- ton, who, having been duly sworn according to law, deposes and says that he is the Editor of the Game Breeder and that the following is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the owner- ship, management (and if a daily paper, the circu- lation), etc., of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above caption, required by the Act of August 24, 1912, embodied in section 443, Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the reverse of this form, to wit: 1. That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers are: Publisher, The Game Conservation Society, Inc., Post office address, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. Editor, D. W. Huntington, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. Managing Editor, none. Business Managers, The Game Conservation Society, Inc., 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. 2. That the Owners are: (Give names and addresses of individual owners, or if a corporation, give its name and the names and addresses of stockholders owning or hold- ing 1 per cent or more of the total amount of stock.) The Game Conservation Society, Inc., 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. Stockholders: C. B. Davis, Grant- wood, New Jersey; A. A. Hill (deceased); F. R. Peixotto, 55 John St., New York, N. Y.; John C. Huntington, U. S. Transport Ship Siboney in service; D. W. Huntington, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.; D. W. Huntington, Jr., 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.; H. H. Shannon, Great Neck Station, New York. 3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: (If there are none, so state.) None. 4. That the two paragraphs next above, giving the names of the owners, stockholders, and security holders, if any, contain not only the list of stockholders and security holders as they appear upon the books of the company but also, in cases where the stockholders or security holders appears upon the books of the company as trustees or in any other fiduciary relation, the name of the person or corporation for whom such trustee is acting, is given; also that the said two paragraphs contain statements embracing affiant’s full knowledge and belief as to the circumstances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appear upon the books of the company as trustees, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner; and this afhant has no reason to believe that any other person, association, or corpora- tion has any interest direct or indirect in the said stock, bonds, “or other securities than as so stated by him. D. W. Huntington, Editor. Sworn to and sub- scribed before me this lst day of April, 1919. GrorGE F. Bentiey, Notary Public, (102) New York County. (sEAL). (My commission expires March 30, 1920.) 60 THE GAME BREEDER for sport. PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only paper of its kind in the world. SAMPLE COPY FREE. Subscription $1.50 per year. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE 15 Whitehall Street, New York WILD DUCKS AND WILD GEESE It Is Now Legal to Trap Wild Fowl! for Breeding Purposes Write to The Biological Survey, Washington, D. C., for information about Trapping Permits The book, OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS, written by the Editor of The Game Breeder, contains full information about the ‘trapping of wild fowl! and how to rear the birds for profit and There are chapters on How to Form Shooting Clubs; How to Control the Enemies of Wild Fowl, etc. with pictures of ducks on preserves, etc. PRICE, $2.00 POSTPAID THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., NEW YORK Fully illustrated Decoy Owls for Crow and Hawk Shooting Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring FRED SAUTER Leading Taxidermist of America 42 Bleecker Street New York City Corner Lafayette Street | Subway Station at the Door Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy Write for Illustrated Catalogue In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 61 We Are Now Booking © Orders for Eggs for Spring Delivery from the following vari- eties of pheasants : Silver, Golden. Ringneck, Lady Amherst, Formosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor. Impeyan, Soem- merring, Manchurian Eared, Melanotus, Black- throated Golden, Lineated and Prince of Wales. Also Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Long- tails, and Mallard Ducks. S. C. Buff Orping- ton and R. I. Red fowls. We also offer for sale five varieties of Peafowl. Also Crane, Swan and Fancy Ducks, Doves of several varieties. Deer. Jack Rabbits Send $1.00 in stamps for Colortype Catalogue CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY WILD AND BRONZE TURKEY EGGS. PARCEL, Post Prepaid. VALLEY VIEW FARM, Bellevilles Pennsylvania. it \ PHEASANTS WANTED I will buy ringnecked pheasants regardless of sex at long as they are strong, healthy birds, large and no over two years old. Will purchase small or large num- bers for cash. Reference by permission to the Game Breeder. ROBT. BOWMAN, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. BANTAMS --GOOD GENTLE BIRDS SUITABLE for quail and pheasant breeding JOHN E, DARBY, Prop., Maplehurst Poultry Farm, Croswell, Michigan. BANTAMS --WILBERT’S FAMOUS BANTAMS. Forty varieties, Shipped on approval. Catalog 3¢. F. C. WILBERT, Grand Rapids, Michigan. WANTED Twenty-Five Sportsmen to join me in an exclusive hunting and fishing club. Property in Orange and Sullivan Counties, N. Y., adjoin- ing the Hartwood Club, the Merrie- wold Club and the famous Chester W. Chapin game preserve. For par- ticulars, apply to J.S. HOLDEN, PORT JERVIS, N.Y FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Grand Island Erie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild DOGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky, THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky.» offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. ixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, Subscribe for The Game Breeder, only $1 a year. EGGS TWO THOUSAND PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. Pure Chinese, $3.50 per dozen, Ringnecks, Golden, Silver and Mallard Duck, $3.00 per dozen. $20.00 per hundred, CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, Manzanita, Oregon. 4t RINGNECK PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. $25.00 per 100. Golden Pheasant Eggs, 60c. each. Day old Pheasants, 60c. each. Booking orders now, Mrs. EDGAR TILTON, Suffern, N, Y. 5t STOCK AND EGGS OF RINGNECKS, LADY Amherst, Golden and Silver Pheasants. Wild strain Mallards. Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams. “‘Ringlet’’ Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens. Peafowl. a. IVER CHRISTENSON, Jamestown, Kansas. 0.1. 6t In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” 62 } THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Record. S8litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and FlemishHares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH Onawa - Maine Member of the Game Guild. PHEASANT EGGS AND PHEASANTS Pheasant eggs for sale up to May 15, $25.00 per hundred. 110 eggs sent for cash with order after May 15, $20 per 110 eggs. Pheasants for Sep- tember and October delivery. Write for prices. GEORGE BEAL, Levana Game Farm, R No. 1, Englishtown, New Jersey. LIVE GAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment, W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, . Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and geese. Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinweod, Kansas Mallard-Pintail DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids Sees These ducks are reared on free range *—* one especiallyfor shooting and for decoys. —" 2) wo They are strong on the wing. Big wa. @ egg producers under control ag wel Price $3.60 per pair; $1.75 each - »* % ALBERT F. HOLMES = 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild Selanne! nny BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Amhersts, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S =e GOLDEN POULTRY FARM . Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game Guild. Eggs in season. DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob White Quail San Antonio, Texas. Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. Member of the Game Guild. SEA CLIFF PHEASANTRY We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- ants and cranes, also white, Javaand black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for ; sale. Write for prices and particu- {\., lars. INN / BALDWIN PALMER ee 4 ‘ S MUG FINE YL Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N. Y. PAGE aL Member of the Game Guild. 6t \ Six SS PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS White Guineas and White Cochin Bantams Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois Pearl WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks is fully described in the illustrated book, “‘Our Wild Fowland Waders, ’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. . THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York in writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER 63 GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, “Our Feathered Game,’’ the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. written by WILD MALLARD DUCKS AND EGGS Birds Strong Flyers, Manitoba Stock Eggs - - Perhundred, $20.00 Ducks - - - Perpair, 3.50 HEMLOCKS GAME FARM Box 1011 Bridgeport, Conn. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street New York City EGGS FOR HATCHING PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch. Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, Nortn Carolina, 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIESJY OF CANADA Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws. JOHN E. PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario. 12t FOX AND MINK WANTED Wanted—Pair red fox pups; also breeders; pair mink and marten’ R. H, BARKER, 2034 East Fourth St. Cleveland, Ohio. ; vil LIVE GAME AMHERST, REEVES, SILVER AND MONGOLIAN Pheasant eggs $5.00 a dozen, two dozen, $9.00. Chinese Ringnecks, $3.50 a dozen, $25. 00 a hundred. Mongolians, $35.00 a hundred“ Pheasant Farming,” illustrated, 50c. _SIMPSON’'S PHEASANT FARM, Corvallis, Oregon. at WANTED TO BUY._.......PHEASANTS.______. Silvers. Lady Amherst. Golden and Reeves, Quote Prices, Ages, and Quantity, Morgan’s. I WANT Phsntry, 244 E. 61st St., Los Angeles, Cal, WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t GOLDEN PHEASANT EGGS FOR HATCHING. fifty cents a piece. FOXHOLLOW FARM, Rhine- beck, New York. 1t PHEASANTS AND EGGs FOR SALE. GOLDENS Lady Amhersts, Versicolors, Manchurian Eared. Gold, en Eggs $5.00, and Lady "Amherst $7.00 per dozen- ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. at HOYT’S CALIFORNIA PHEASANTRY, PRICELIST. FRED D, HOYT, Hayward, California, GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season, Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (rot) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. CANADA WILD GEESE AND THEIR GOSLINGS— A limited number for sale now—the surest way to start breediny this species. We are the oldest and largest breeders of Canadas 1n this country. Black and White Swans.Wild Ducks, etc , forsale. WHEALTON WATER FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island. Va. FOR SALE—PHEASANTS, PEA FOWL, PIGEONS, Poultry, Bantams and Pit Games Eggs from the above stock for sale. Rabbits, Cavies, Squirrels, fur bearing animals. etc. I buy, sell and exchange. L. L KIRKPATRICK, Box 2738, Bristol, Tenn. WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX Pied Peafow] Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants. Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling. Ky. Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT,MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. ot in writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 64 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. . The Game Conservation Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates complaints promptly and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most part due to shipments of eggs. These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the seller and purchaser. t Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication—by advertising in it. FIVE VARIETIES OF PHEASANTS, WILD DUCKS, Wild Geese, Brants, Wild Turkeys and other Game, List for stamp. G. H. HARRIS, Taylorville, Illinois. 4t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS, geese or pheasants. 15 pair of 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games. Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds. Genuine pit birds. Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED. J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. 2t WILD TURKEYS FOR SALE, LARGE, HARDY specimens, Satisfaction guaranteed. LEWIS COMPTON, Dias Creek, New Jersey. 2t HAVE SIX MALE CANVASBACKS FOR SALE, $10.00 each or will exchange for wood duck pairs. These are hand raised from pure wild stock. Havea few canvasback eggs for sale, $12.00 per dozen. A. WOLFE, 9848 76th Ave., Edmonton, S,, Alberta, Canada it THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE, THE GREATEST _ rabbit for flesh and fur in the world. Send for full information and price list. SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t EGGS PHEASANT EGGS —RINGNECK, $2.50 PER 13. Wild Mallard Eggs. $1.50 per 11. JOHN SAMMONS, Yankton, South Dakota. at GOLDEN PHEASANT EGGS, $5.00 per dozen. Cash with order. F. W. DANE, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, 3t PURE BRED WILD DUCK EGGS FOR SALE-- From my New Jersey farm, pure bred, light gray wild mallard duck eggs. Stock strong on wing. $3.50 per 13; $25.00 per 100. H. W. VAN ALEN, 215 Montague St., Brooklyn, N, Y. at FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed. Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it, WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound, IF YOU WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL IN RAISING a high per cent of your baby birds—quail, pheasants, wild turkeys, etc,, feed them meal worms, a choice, clean, insect food. 500, $1.00; 1,000, $1.50; 5.000, $5.00. Express prepaid. See last year’s advertisements in April, June and August numbers. C. R. KERN, Mount Joy, Penn- sylvania. , at GAMEKEEPERS GAMEKEEPER AT LIBERTY. RELIABLE, WANTS position on club preserve or game farm, Experienced on game and ornamental birds or animals, gun dogs and extermination of vermin. MILTON, in care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, 6t WANTED — POSITION AS-MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin. A S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. WANTED. SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. care of THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. M. J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- iar with pheasant and poultry rearing. I have also had experience in general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. 6t WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. THOR- oughly experienced in rearing Pheasants, Wild Turkeys and Wild Ducks. Good references. GAMEKEEPER, 463 East 67th St., N. Y. C. xt GAMEKEEPER DESIRES POSITION, LIFE EX- perience, excellent references. Age 40. Married. RALPH LEE, Bernardsville, New Jersey. MISCELLANEOUS MEDICAL PLANTS— THIS BOOK DESCRIBES fully the 400 most valuable roots, herbs, etc., used in medicine, perfumes, coloring and dyestuffs ; tells the exact time to gather each, how to prepare for market and ad- » dresses of 25 large dealers that buy and pay top prices. Postpaid only 20¢. FOREST PRODUCTS CO.,, West Milan, N. H. it BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE —-Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Japanese Versicolors, Manchurian Eared, ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ont., Can. “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. WANTED—PARTY TO TAKE HALF INTEREST IN a well established wild fowl] farm. Address ‘‘OWNER,”’ care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. C. it WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of six or eight rooms and land suit- able for farming. State acreage, location, price and terms. B.J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. WANTED TO RENT, WITH .PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with good buildings. Place must have a small pond or stréam suitable for ducks. GAME PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” _ Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 &1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of che large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood Duck. Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and all other water fowl. Now is the Time to Buy Wild Turkey Eggs ; —AND— Wild Turkeys ‘| am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can suppl: these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners I carry the largest stock in America of ornamental pirds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 beam Royal Swans of England. I have tine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europeas PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL. fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My. pheasant pens contain over. a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have #0 acres of tand entirely devoted to my business. Canalso promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS. RABBITS, etc Orders booked during summer. I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Writé me berore buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so. _. Your visit solicited. am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles trom Philadelohia WM. J. MACKENSEN YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. 4 Member of The Game Guild ‘x Department V. ee EEE EE EE EEE Eee EE ee ee a ee eee ee Game Farm or Preserve A large tract of land suitable for a game farm or preserve is offered for sale at an attractive price. The land is near New York on a good Automobile Road and contains a large pond and stream. There are some trout and the waters can be made to yield large numbers of these fish. The land is suitable for deer, upland game and wild ducks. I shall be pleased to show this property to anyone wishing to start a. game farm or preserve, The place is within fifty miles of the City and can be reached by Automobile in an hour and a half. For particulars address, OWNER == Care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York ereeecid MOUSUAAGAESUUNAARUATAGOI ASAD TAEAUSA ZU AEAI SOND ADDS i0¢ ie — yy ES A A ea if of Oe, 4) = ingle Op ies 1 sd WSBT. Le am e— on ——— jfanis Single Copies 10 ¥. : et im = JUNE, 1919 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME DRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD Ie T iT ‘CONTENTS Survey of the Field—The Aeroplane Sport—Game Breeders in Colorado—Why Any Penalty ?—The Sale of Game in Quebec— A Punch for Branding Young Ducks—Again the Crow !—Wanted a Permit—Conflict About Permits—More Laws—Wild Ducks in Minnesota. Reflections on Game Breeding - - - Aldo Leopold Some Black Ducks Hatched in an Incubator Z. Ted DeKalmar Rabbit Growing to Supplement the Meat Supply Ned Dearborn More Game and Fewer Cats - Massachusetts Commission How to Make a Duck Pond - - - - C. B. McGee Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves - By Our Readers Prize Quail—More Prize Quail—Periods of Incubation— Turkey Hen as Foster Mother—More Quail Wanted—More About the Massena Quail — Decoy Owls—Movements of Keepers — Crows — More Quail — Unsatisfactory Records — Record of Mr. Perry—Moose and Wolf—What It Costs— Not Otherwise —Wild Breeding Ducks—A Failure to Fer- tilize—A Big Game Ranch. Editorials—Back to the Land —A F eeling in the Bones—Our Desire to Be Helpful—Beware of the Cat. aul Dil Mh. Miss fl eS im atl 1 mill Mee WW il Nt —} yl yy mel | a, Pl Published Monthly. Entered as second-class matter, July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1879. SPRATT’S Pheasant Food No. 3 Is rich in ingredients composed of and supplying carbo- hydrates and frame-building elements and which are very easily assimilated into the system. Being a cooked food, it is part predigested. It is best prepared with hot water, and then allowed to cool, feeding _ it to the birds as the warm soft food. The natural adjuncts to this highly vitalizing meal are SPRATT’S CRISSEL a perfect substitute for insect life and Ants’ Eggs and the purest form of meat obtainable. SPRATT’S Cardiac or Game Spice which contains valuable stimulating and appetizing properties and should be added to staple food during raw and inclement weather, and SPRATT’S PHEASANTINA a fine mixture of choice meals scientifically blended to supply the elements necessary for the formation of bone, body and muscle. It can also be used as an appetizer when the birds are off their feed. WE ALSO MANUFACTURE THE FOLLOWING : SPRATTS PHEASANT MEAL NO. 12 (For Pheasants, Partridge and Quail Chicks). SPRATT’S PHEASANT MEAL NO. 5 (For Young Pheasants). SPRATT’S MAXCO (The most nourishing food obtainable). SPRATT’S WILD DUCK MEAL (The best food for ape a Send 25c. for “Pheasant Culture.” “Poultry Culture” sent on receipt of 10c. SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED NEWARK, NEW JERSEY THE GAME BREEDER 65 HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS HIGH GUN INFALLIBLE a eee C. IDEAL TARGET In the Right Direction The sportsman who begins his 2 ; 1 day by buying shells loaded with : Remington Infallible or ‘‘E.C.”’ has started i ARO on the highroad toward success ees in the field or at the traps. Many veteran sportsmen shoot only Her- cules Smokeless Shotgun Powders. “These oe men are old hands atthe game and know =) SELBY LOADS that if they expect success they must use oe CHATTENGE GRADE powders that are dependable —that always give high velocity with light recoil and even patterns. And they know that they can always depend upon Infallible or ““E. C.’ You can profit by their experience by buying shells loaded with one of these o (S/BLACK SHELLS powders. Any one of the fourteen stand- PS CLIMAX ard brands of shells listed here can be bought loaded with a Hercules Smoke- less Shotgun Powder. When you buy shells, look on the end of the box or on the top wad of the shell for the name Mnfalible.on Cr eStart ma mthe | Meador right direction by using Hercules Smoke- Ba less Shotgun Powders. a | RHEE POWDER, CO. 61 West 10th Street L . i Wilmington Delaware \& ee WINCHESTER | REPEATER LEADER 66 THE GAME BREEDER Let your trap.gun purchase be a PARKER. Be one of the thousands of satisfied PARKER Gun users. : DA RUSL Cine ane rate by gun CEH The NX ) N i purchaser of a un receives in good sub- \ AY / stantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun —— manufacturing of over 50 years. Once you Have used tbe ee Se a will never H be satisfied with anything but the : i Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not PARKER BROS. now? Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A. Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street Matllards, Teal, Quail and Japanese-silkies Pure-bred Birds Raised Under Semi-Natural Conditions Z. TED DeKALMAR, R. F. D. No. 30, Stamford, Conn. STATE GAME LICENSE No 123. FEDERAL PERMIT No. 1. MARMOT PHEASANTRY Ringnecks Chinese Reeves Golden Silver Amherst Japanese Silky Fowl Book your order for eggs now. Eggs in any quantity from the Japanese Silky—Rhode Island Red Cross. The perfect mother tor large breeders of Pheasants. We have one of the largest exclusive Game Breeding Farms in the U. S., and we warrant every bird we ship to be in prime condition for breeding or show purposes. We are now contracting full wing Ringnecks in any quantity up to 5,000 for August and early fall delivery. If you want some splendid Chinese-Mongolian cocks for new blood in your pens, and are willing to pay $3 each for them, send us a check. Hens $4.50. Expensive, but they’re worth it, Member of the Game Guild MARMOT PHEASANTRY, MARMOT, OREGON In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your !etters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 67 YWY4G WGUU“4U4G4WU UYUGUWWLWLGEZ&EE E4EEGLELELGVUVY 0 7 ann a il A ill A WC hi 747} TY 7 VU UE VY WS We t, PATA {| i i Wl {| {| i} | I i GGZ % 4G7G Og ZG GGG 3% ZG Z Whit alladbaldtbe ——— _— 44 Y 444% 4 Y44 444 VAGS 24414 th 444% bad aaa — il Trapshooting Event Freely ae for Tr bri Clubs Learn to shoot. Know how to handle and use a gun. Sharpen your judgment. Quicken your mental speed. Trapshooting is the reconstructive Sport for modern men and women—and partic- concentration that takes you completely away from business cares and worries. It sends you back clearer and keener in thought and (j DON ularly for the business man. It demands concentration—the kind of judgment. Smokeless Beginners’ Day Shoots Shotgun will be held at hundreds of gun clubs during June and July. VVhy not attend? Get a taste of the game’s fascination. Don’t let pride Powders or timidity stop you. The gun club is the place to learn and the old leaders for over a century— timers will be glad to welcome and help you. are the choice of the Nation’s crack trapshots. Look for the names on the Shell Box when you purchase shells. DUPONT BALLISTITE K. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., SCHULTZE WILMINGTON, DELAWARE. Write today for full information and name of nearest gun club. SPORTING POWDER DIVISION The Principal du Pont Products are: Explosives: Industrial, Agricultural and sporting. Chemicals: Pyroxylin Solutions, Ethers, Bronzing Liquids, Coal Tar Distillates, Commercial Acids, Alums, etc. Leather Substitutes: Fabrikoid Upholstery, Rayntite Top Material, Fairfield Rubber Cloth. Pyroxylin Plastics: Ivory, Shell and Transparent Py-ra-lin, Py-ra-lin Specialties, Challenge Cleanable Collars and Cuffs. Paints and Varnishes: For Industrial and Home Uses. Pigments and Colors in Oil: For Industrial Uses. Lithopone: For Industrial Uses. Stains, Fillers, Lacquers and Enamels: For Industrial and Home Uses. Dyestuffs: Coal Tar Dyestuffs and Intermediates. lt =! = zi | = = mize CA For full information address: Advertising Division, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware. Visit the Trapshooting School, Young’s Pier, Atlantic City, N. J- im COCO CAA LOO NOC CCI CII POT a 68 THE GAME BREEDER Straight Shooting Americ anism No. 6 American Marksmen Series Painted for Remington UMC by F. X. Leyendecker } i "HE same dominating, well coordinated manhood which enables the American whose recreation is pistol shooting to keep in front in the onward rush of world reconstruction, is latent in most Americans. Target shooting with the pistol will bring 1 it out —and better all-round Americanism. Are youa pistol shooting hitching post, or are you too getting some good out of your pistol ? Do you want to know more about this very valuable, enjoyable and distinctly American sport ? | Ask your local dealer, the live Remington UMC merchant whose store is Sportsmen's Head- quarters in your community — one of more than 82, 700 in this country. Or write to our Service Department and your questions will be answered in detail by an all- around shooter and authority, backed by the Remington UMC nation-wide organization. Pistol and Revolver Club Secretaries — Write today for blank registration card for Remington UMC free service. THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Ine. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World NEW YORK WOOLWORTH BUILDING 3 | The Game Breeder VOLUME XV JUNE, 1919 NUMBER 38 Co) SURVEY OF THE FIELD. The Aeroplane Sport. Mr. Charles W. Howell in a paper read at the annual meeting of the Aero- nautical Society of America said: ‘In the fields of sport and recreation, it is hard to conceive a more ideal and at the same time a more practical means of transportation. With it one may break- fast at home, have an hour of fatigue- less, exhilarating flight, and be an hun- dred miles away, with a full day for shooting, fishing or recreation. Then an hour of restful air travel and we may be home to ‘dine and to sleép in ones’ own bed. This is not possible with any other means, and further, as fish and game are rarely found in places reached by good roads or the usual transporta- tion routes, the value of the aeroplane for sporting purposes is very apparent. It will extend vacations by the time it saves.” Game Breeders in Colorado. When forwarding an application for a breeders’ license (which is known as a Game Park License in Colorado, and which costs $25 for ten years) the game officer of Colorado wrote to one of our members, ‘‘one license can cover as much ground as you require provided it is all connected, but it is necessary for me to have the metes and bounds in order to properly fill out the license.”’ In another letter written by W. B. Fraser the late State game officer of Col- orado shortly before he died, Mr. Fraser says he is much interested in the work of the Game Breeders’ Association, which has undertaken the propagation of game birds in Colorado. He adds: “I am expecting at almost any day a report from three different sources regarding the cause of the mor- tality suffered by some quail, and upon receipt of the same I shall be pleased to supply you with a copy. The last six dozen of these birds that we secured through Mr. Hoppes’ efforts died while we were watching and trying to discov- er the cause. If this department can be of any assistance to you I would appre- ciate your commands.” Mr. Fraser was a capable State game officer, and in his death Colorado has suffered a great loss. Why Any Penalty? Mr. Perry writes that by forming an association one license fee is sufficient for all of the members. This saved us six hundred and fifty dollars and made it possible for us farmers to engage in the game breeding business. Mr. Perry well says, “But why penalize the busi- ness at all? And the Game Breeder says, Amen. No charge is made in Mas- sachusetts. We hope to get the reports about the trouble with the State quail in Colorado, and this will remind our contributor to send the report along; when it comes from the State Department. The Sale of Game in Quebec. In the Province of Quebec, Canada, the sale of birch or spruuce partridge is prohibited until October 1, 1920. Game lawfully taken may be sold from the third day of the open season to and in- cluding the fifteenth day after the ex- piration of the open season. Licensed hotels, restaurants and clubs may serve game lawfully taken, except birch or spruce partridge. The sale of migratory birds is prohibited during the closed sea- son. 70 THE GAME BREEDER The three-day limit at the opening of the season evidently: is intended to per- mit the taking of ‘game for the market before the opening date. The fifteen- day limit at the close of the season per- mits dealers to dispose of stock on hand and unsold at the closing date. The old common law idea that game legally taken 1s owned by the person tak- ing it, because of his industry, is ex- pressed in the law. If the person legal- ly taking game owns it he should, of course, have the right to give his proper- ty away or to sell it under proper regu- lations. The sale of game, undoubtedly, will hasten its extermination, provided there be no practical production of game, but it long has been evident that the shooting of game, even when its sale is prohibited, produces the same result, for the very good reason that game cannot stand the loss due to shooting (which is an extra or additional check to its in- crease) unless some practical game pre- serving be done and some of the natural checks to its increase be controlled in order to make a place for the shooting. Since the people are said to own the game, it seems fair that they should have some of it to eat when the game is legally taken, and the Quebec law is founded on this idea, no, doubt. If the game vanishes, as it will, if there be no production the remedy is either to put it on the song bird list, or to encourage production by private enterprise in order to keep up the food supply. There is plenty of room in Quebec for game farms and preserves and also for public shooting, which should be as good as it is on Long Island, New York, where game shooting clubs are numerous. Mr. Chambers, the special expert officer of the Department of Mines and Fisheries —Fisheries and Game Branch—thor- oughly understands the game and the causes for its increase and decrease in numbers. He is the secretary of the North American Association, which was among the first to indorse the “more game and fewer game laws” movement and to declare in favor of laws permit- ting the profitable production of game. We have said often that we will not oppose laws prohibiting the sale of game taken on public lands and waters; that we will not oppose laws creating short open seasons and very small bags. We will not oppose closed seasons and the prohibition of shooting, provided these laws contain a clause exempting game breeders who may wish to have plenty of game and good shooting. A Punch for Branding Young Ducks. In answer to inquiry as to where the proper punch (to be used by game breed- ers to brand the feet of their young ducks) could be obtained, Dr. Nelson, chief of the Biological Survey writes: “We do not know where a punch ready for use can be obtained but do not be- lieve that any difficulty will be had in having a common punch changed at any locksmiths or other repair shop so it would clip out a good sized “V” from the web of the duckling’s foot.” We hope all good breeders will se- cure a proper punch and live strictly up to the regulation requiring the brand- ing of young ducks. The commercial game farmers will brand their ducks be- fore they are shipped and they will be ready for the shooting and later for the market provided more ducks be shot than can be used by the preserve owner or members of game shooting clubs. Many clubs which made a late start will rely largely on branded ducks purchased from our advertisers. Don’t wait to be asked to advertise. We are entirely too busy to solicit ad- vertisements of game birds and eggs. Send space advertisements if you have many birds or eggs to sell. A few lines of classified advertising will be suff- cient for small breeders. An advertisement sent by the year is the cheapest and the best. It is always before our readers and some say the advertisements are the most interesting part of the publication. Our advertisers do a great public serv- ice in letting the people know where to procure stock birds and eggs. Again “The Crow!” Do you know that Pennsylvania has abolished its crow law? For a time the THE GAME BREEDER 71 state offered a bounty of fifty cents for each crow killed. The state paid out about a hundred thousand dollars in bounties before it repealed the law. It was discovered that rats, mice and other pests had increased alarmingly; and the generally approved ‘estimate was that this bounty law had cost the farmers over two million dollars, as well as costing the state over a hundred thousand dol- lars. Illinois had a crow-bounty law at one time, and was glad to take it off the books. Enterprising gentlemen of other states were shipping in crows in car lots. They found that the crow had its place in the plans of Nature—Sat- urday Evening Post. Wanted a Permit. One of our western readers writes, “I did want a permit to trap ducks so much but now the birds soon will be setting. There is no other naturalist that I could get to indorse me as I am the only man in this neighborhood that I know of who breeds game and I would need two sign- ers to indorse me or recommend me.” We think it might be a good plan to amend the regulations so that those who wish to produce thousand of wild fowl can secure permits to take live birds for breeding purposes. It seems peculiar not to require shoot- ers to get the indorsement of two well- known ornithologists, who have known them for years, before they can shoot twenty-five ducks per day and to require a game breeder to secure such indorse- ment before he can take twenty-five ducks alive in order to produce hun- dreds of ducks. The late Dr. Judd, one of the best as- sistants the Biological Survey ever had, said in a bulletin that the laws prohibit- ing the trapping of quail should always provide for the trapping of the birds for breeding purposes. Conflict About Permits. When the United States issues a per- mit to take wild fowl and eggs for breed- ing purposes it certainly will seem pe- culiar to the holder of such permit if a state game warden decides to arrest him for his attempt to produce food on his farm. We would not care to insure the continuance of a state officer in office should he arrest a game breeder and we hope any game breeder holding a na- tional permit who may be interfered with by a state official will promptly report the matter to the Game Breeder. We are able to pass news of this character directly to the farmers and to intelligent sportsmen. More Laws. The sportsman’s league of Pennsylva- nia strongly favors twenty-two new game laws which have been introduced and which are outlined in its legislative bulletin. It demands amendments to or opposes other bills, eight in number, and it lists fourteen proposed laws which have not been passed on by the league. Quite a swell bunch of new laws for Pennsylvania! We are surprised that so few new laws are needed to satisfy the Pennsyl- vania appetitie for legislation this year. Now that the ruffed grouse is on the scng bird list and the Pennsylvania foxes and other ‘“‘varmints” have probably eat- en up any Mexican quail which survived the cold spring weather one would think that the sport of getting more game laws in Pennsylvania might produce bigger re- sults. Possibly the fewer game law idea may have affected the league. In addition to the new laws proposed by individuals and leagues there is a big bill called the Conservation Department Bill, which the league wishes to have amended in many places. These meas- ures should keep the Pennsylvania leg: islators busy for a long session. Wild Ducks in Minnesota. One of our Minnesota readers writes: “Tt has always seemed to the writer that we are too far north and our winters are too cold to engage in this business (breeding wild ducks) successfully. It would be too expensive to winter over the breeding stock. What do you think about this?” We think there is no state in the union where wild duck breeding can be 72 THE GAME BREEDER made more profitable than it can be made in Minnesota. The best place to breed any kind of game is the place where it now breeds or where it former- ly did abundantly. It has been proved that wild ducks can be wintered safely and at no great ex- pense by providing simple winter quar- ters for the birds during two or three months in the winter. During the rest of the year if the ground included in the game farm or preserve contains natural foods the ducks will require very little artificial feeding, far less than poultry requires. A little corn fed once a day or even every few days will hold the ducks and they can be fed both summer and win- ter on some less expensive foods part of the time. Turnips, potatoes, apples and other fruit which are not suitable for the market are suitable duck food, and in fact the ducks will eat almost any vege- tables and fruits and acorns and other waste of all kinds. The common mallards sell readily at $3 and $4 per pair and other species bring much better prices, some as much as $10 and $15 per pair. When the ducks are trapped and wing clipped they can be induced to lay their eggs in wire inclosures where easily they are gathered and the ducks persist in laying when the eggs are gathered daily, so that the breeder can count on marketing two or three dozen eggs from each duck. The eggs of the mallard sell readily in large lots at $20 and $25 per hundred. The eggs of teal, wood-duck, gadwalls and other shoal water ducks sell for at least one-third more. The eggs of red-heads and canvas backs sell for $8 and $10 per dozen. Wild ducks now are bred successfully and profitably on game farms in New England and as far north as Maine in places where the natural food for ducks is not nearly so good or so abundant as it is in Minnesota. Wild ducks and geese are successfully bred in the Dakotas and in Michigan, Wisconsin and other northern states. Flocks of wild ducks and geese reared under control but which are permitted to fly about at all seasons (excepting dur- ing the breeding season when some birds are clipped in order to make them nest where the eggs can be gathered easily and during two or three months in thie winter when they may be housed part of the time) are a beautiful ornament to any farm or country estate and they are the easiest game birds to keep at home and to breed successfully. Under the game breeder laws in many states the ducks can be shot during long open seasons and they will provide a highly desirable food for the table and excel- lent shooting for those who enjoy field sports. We have enthusiastic letters from those who are engaged in the new industry and there can be no doubt about its being made profitable as well as en- tertaining in Minnesota. An advertisement in the Game Breed- er will surely sell all the birds and eggs which the owner may wish to sell. A country hotel owner or a farmer who will produce a good lot of ducks for sport surely will have all the customers he may wish to entertain at attractive prices. In the older countries many ru- ral hotels conduct game preserves for their patrons. In some places in Amer- ica game-shooting clubs make such ho- tels their headquarters and look after the game preserving, employing the game- keeper and breeding the game on lands purchased or rented for the purpose. It always has seemed strange to us that in a big country like America the people who are said to own the game cannot have any to eat, while in coun- tries which have common sense laws the market gunners bring in the game to the markets just as our fishermen bring in the fish. All broad guage, fair-minded men will agree that if any errors are made in the distribution they should be “in the direction of liberality,” as Owen Jones said when giving advice about sup- plying rats with rat poison. The Game Breeder, an advertiser writes, evidently reaches them all. “More Game and Fewer Game Laws” has come to stay. THE GAME BREEDER 73 REFLECTIONS ON GAME BREEDING. By ALpo LEOPOLD [We take pleasure in printing the following article, taking exception to what the writer seems to think is our attitude towards restrictive game laws. times to those who wish to express their opinion. conclusion is to hear both sides. provding for short seasons and small bags. The magazine is open at all The best possible way to arrive at any just We are not opposed to laws prohibiting the sale of game and We believe the bags must be made smaller and the seasons shorter as the game continues to vanish and that the closed seasons for terms of years or forever are exactly right where no one looks after the game. We believe the farmers cannot be induced to look after the game simply by the promise that the state will furnish licensed trespassers to shoot up the farms. All that we ask is that profitable game production be permitted and not prevented by the game laws which have not kept quail and grouse shoot- ing open on the farms. We believe that sportsmen of small means can have good and inexpensive shooting on many of the posted farms if they be permitted to sell some of the game they pro- duce. We have no objection to licensing the dealers and requiring them to sell only the game from game farms and preserves, but in countries which permit free shooting it is a fact that market gunners also can sell the game they shoot. laws to game breeders. they be not applied to producers. We are opposed to applying the prohibitive We have said repeatedly we will not oppose a thousand more laws if The addition of Section 12 to the migratory bird law pro- tecting game breeders put an end to our opposition to that law. Our ideas are well expressed in said Section 12.—Editor.] I have followed with much interest the policy of your magazine, and in par- ticular the editorial utterances of your April issue. Your program of nation- wide game farming embraces many con- structive and really helpful proposals, which you are hammering into the mind of the public with the most commenda- ble energy. This very fact, however, in- tensifies my regret over what appears to me as an unfair attitude toward certain highly important questions. Take, for instance, the question of markets. You will hardly deny that it was the open market which, more than any other one thing, originally destroyed our natural supply of wild game. By dint of twenty years of hard fighting, our sportsmen have at last succeeded in closing this market. Comes now the Game Breeder, and wants the market’ reopened ! {There are two kinds of markets. We favor the market which induces production and keeps game abundant—not the market which causes extermination. We hope you will see the difference and how you misunderstand our attitude.— Editor. ] Of course nobody will deny the right of the game farmer to market the prod- uct of his licensed game pens, duly marked in accordance with the law. But there is more than a veiled hint that the Game Breeder considers this mark- ing, this distinction between wild and private game, as more or less of a nul- sance, and that eventually the markets should be thrown wide open to all game alikes Now what would become of our real game with the ranks of sportsmen divid- ed over the market question? The gour- mand-hotel-pothunter combination _ is hard enough to beat with a solid front— do the game farmers now propose to split that solid front and reinforce the common enemy? If so, what would be- come of our wild game? It would evap- orate. Such an outcome would profit the game farmers, but disgrace the country. What are the game farmers going to do about it? It may well be that I misinterpret your proposals, and misjudge their probable future results. If so, I think there are many sportsmen like myself who would appreciate enlightenment through the col- umns of your magazine.t *We have no objection to licensing dealers and to requiring the identification of the game sold. The best game breeding is done in fields not in pens. When game is bred in fields much of it escapes and is shot beyond their fences. Penned game often suffers from dis- eases. +Game breeders can get better prices for 74 THE GAME BREEDER their game provided the sale of game taken on public lands and waters be prohibited. We do not think they object to such prohibition. We have said that in countries where there is more freedom than there is in America the market gunners own the game they shoot and we think it important that people who imagine only Dukes and Lords shoot in the free countries should know that not only small farmers and town clerks and business men who produce game but also non-producers, the market gun- ners, shoot and sell it. Secondly, allow me to take exception te the emphasis which you place on game as a food supply. I “feel it in my bones” that to make food production one of the major objects of game conservation will eventually lead to trouble. Game con- servation has one object and only one— to perpetuate wild life as an indispensa- ble source of human recreation. Game conservation is not a matter of the flesh- pots. It concerns not so much the belly, as it does the eye, the mind, and the soul. ‘To bring home a mess of game for the family—this indeed is necessary to satisfy that high human instinct, the exercise of which we call sportsmanship. In so far forth, game conservation is a matter of food. But to produce game to sell as food is a human benefit of such insignificance, as compared with producing game for recreation, that the two can hardly be mentioned together, much less listed together as the two main objectives of game conservation. This may sound like pretty fine-spun theorizing, but I think it highly import- ant that the cause of game conservation should rest on its real merits, not on its incidentai benefits. JI am reminded of those preachers, happily few, who tell us we should go to church because church- going benefits our business standing. By thus emphasizing the incidental they de- base their high calling, and inspire not confidence, but disgust.* *The most devout preacher will tell you that money is needed to keep the church going. Laws preventing the profitable production of sermons would be disastrous. I once said, when speaking at a sportsman’s dinner, that if our game laws were applied to religion they would close the churches. A minister who was present asked what I meant by the state- ment. When I explained that money was necessary he agreed with me. & Thirdly, are you not a bit unfair about closed seasons and restrictive game laws? “Laws have not restored the game— therefore abolish laws and try game farming; cure guaranteed.” This, I think, is but a very slight exaggeration of your general attitude. For my part, I fully share your impatience with the paper game protector—the man who thinks that laws alone, enforced or un- enforced, will save the game. Of course laws alone will not raise game any more than a “no trespass” sign will raise a crop of melons, but is that any reason for tearing down the sign, burning down the fence, and chloroforming the bull- dog?* Hardly. But for restrictive laws, game farmers might today hunt a long while for even a seed-stock of many of our best game species. And how abovt law enforcement? What could we BEWARE OF THE CAT. In well settled regions there are nu- merous checks to the increase of game besides shooting and the natural en- emies of the game. The loss of the natural foods and covers and the ex- posure of game birds to climate and their natural enemies often are sufficient to exterminate the game. When cats and dogs are added to the other checks to increase we have learned that we must either prohibit shooting or encourage some of the people to look after the game. The cats, both the innocent looking tame animals which live in houses and thousands of cats which once were tame but now live wild in the woods, are known to be a fatal check to the in- crease of upland game birds. Experi- 88 THE GAME BREEDER ments in game breeding made by the Game Conservation Society and many others have proved conclusively that cats both wild and tame are very de- structive to many species of birds. The Hon. W. C. Adams, chairman of the Massachusetts Game Commission, says, “One cat which was watched care- fully was seen to kill 58 birds in a single season.” The Massachusetts commission was among the first of the state departments to recognize the necessity for looking after the game properly and always it has welcomed and encouraged the assist- ance of game breeders who produce many thousands of game birds every year and who aid in destroying the cats and other vermin. The Massachusetts commission conducts able and valuable experiments with the quail and other game birds and its annual reports easily rank first in value among all of the re- ports published in the Unitéd States and Canada. Massachusetts with its large popula- tion and severe climate is by no means the easiest place to protect and increase the game, but the shooting is kept open for all hands and it is significant that it is necessary to prohibit shooting in states where there should be an abundance of game. Aviary Pheasants on the Preserve. Many preserve owners and clubs are beginning to breed a few ornamental pheasants as a side line. A good keeper easily can produce a few dozen Reeves, Golden, Ambhersts and others. The skins make handsome hats for the ladies. (Continued from page 85) the idea of having them breed wild in many fields and woods in order that the shooting always will be good. There is a way of sending the tame birds back to a wild breeding existence but the vermin must be controlled. We are opposed to otherwise than by shooting laws and regulations because shooting is the inducement to make the game abundant on many places. Wild Breeding Ducks. We are much interested in some of the places where hand-reared ducks have been turned down in marshes and in- duced to find all or a good part of their food. The birds seem to be stronger on the wing than most hand-reared ducks are. Tihere is, of course, a decided sav- ing in the food bill where the ducks are only fed once in a day or only occasion- ally during the week. It has been proved that a very little food will hold a good lot of ducks on a ground where there are some natural foods; that the birds will nest and rear their young without any artificial feeding for the young birds. We hope to secure some illustrated sto- ries about some of these places where the crop is harvested by shooting. A Failure to Fertilize. Could you give me a little informa- tion regarding the raising of wild Can- ada geese ?. I purchased a pair early in April but up to this time the goose has not started to lay, neither have I seen the gander try to fertilize the goose which made me wonder whether they need water deep enough to swim in. The man from whom I purchased them said that this pair raised young last year. I am feeding them chicken chowder and scratch feed mixed and all of the greens they wish to pick. They seem now to be acquainted with their sur- roundings but they are not in a very se- cluded spot. Would this have anything to do with them not breeding? Any information that you might give me will be appreciated. Ween, Ib, Zaller, [Illinois wild-geese breeders say it is best for the geese to have water to swim in during the mating season. It is believed that other- wise the eggs will not be fertile. The geese need grass, of course. Many breeders rear the young birds away from the pond. We shall publish some articles written by success- ful breeders of wild-geese—the question of seclusion probably depends upon the wildness of the birds—usually geese become quite tame. —Editor.] THE GAME BREEDER 89 Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants WRITE FOR PRICES —SSijle- Ms =| Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE Member of the Game Guild SAWS > We Furnish Eggs in Season F.B. DUSETTE & SONS’ GAME RANCH BAD AXE, MICH. BREEDERS OF Pure Wild Mallards, Black Ducks, Wild Turkeys and Bob White Quail Our game is grown on our 240-Acre Ranch, with natural feed on our Several Lakes, which makes our stock very attractive for Breeders, Shooting Clubs and Preserve Owners at a minimum price. Our birds comply with the Federal regulations which permit shooting and sale. Contracts Now Open for August and September No Eggs for Sale This Season F. B. DUSETTE & SONS, BAD AXE, MICH. 30 THE GAME BREEDER | FENCES © FOR GAME PRESERVES The accompanying photograph shows one of our. Non-Climbable “RIOT ”’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bowl Field, New Haven, Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Yale Game, November 138th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, tennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE Suite A JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N. Y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. Member of The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders. Society. BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by America’s the Author Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc., Dog Medicines} 118 West 31st Street, New York FREE FOUNDATION STOCK | | Tie Bresters anf Fanders’ Nes THE HONEYSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY Best for Home and Market The bushes make good cover for game, Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Price Lists Free. A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. furnished to raise Rabbits, Cavies or devoted s) the prceding aud Tne Seu of sucks a - 20 geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and bits, cavies, pigeons, etc. Organ of the American paper. Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. F - 3 Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. Young’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any & Y skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Mere ee [ eartlars sheet dozen capeons Canada 75c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 wonderfu abbit Book $1.00. avy Boo Ic. 5 . 5 Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising Special Trial Offer in U. S., & Months for 25¢ pigeons for profit, $1.00. AD. RATES: 75c an inch, or for 3 months or more NA F NCIER & BREEDER at rate of 65c an nae Classified, 2c a word. ress NATIO L A BREEDERS’ AND FANCIERS’ NEWS 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. 1558 Dickson Ave., SerantonsiPa: In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 91 Galvanized STEEL WIRE NETTING for Game Farms and Preserves We are prepared to quote lowest prices for all widths up to 72 inches from % to 2 inch mesh and No. 14 to 20 gauge. We can guarantee prompt deliv- ery to any point. If you are going to start a game ranch, farm or preserve this year or contemplate enlarging your old one, get our prices before placing your order elsewhere. Price list on application. HAVERSTICK & COMPANY, Inc. Trenton, New Jersey. THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS of BERRY, KENTUCKY offer for sale, Setters and Pointers, Fox and Cat Hounds, Wolf and Deer Hounds, Coon and Opossum Hounds, Varmint and Rabbit Hounds, Bear and Lion Hounds, also Airedale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Sixty-eight page, highly illustrated, instructive, and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin. WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. Wehave the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the shooting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD in writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More .Game.” 92 THE GAME BREEDER WILD DUCKS AND WILD GEESE It Is Now Legal to Trap Wild Fowl! for Breeding Purposes Write to The Biological Survey, Washington, D. C., for information about Trapping Permits The book, OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS, written by the Editor of The Game Breeder, contains full information about the trapping of wild fowl and how to rear the birds for profit and for sport. There are chapters on How to Form Shooting Clubs; How to Control the Enemies of Wild Fowl, etc. Fully illustrated with pictures of ducks on preserves, etc. PRICE, $2.00 POSTPAID THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., NEW YORK PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only paper of its kind in the world. SAMPLE COPY FREE. Subscription $1.50 per year. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE 15 Whitehall Street, New York Decoy Owls for Crow and Hawk Shooting Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring FRED SAUTER Leading Taxtdermist of America 42 Bleecker Street New York City Corner Lafayette Street | Subway Station at the Door Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy Write for Illustrated Catalogue In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 93 We Are Now Booking — Orders for Eggs for Spring Delivery from the following vari- eties of pheasants : Silver, Golden. Ringneck, Lady Amherst, Formosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor. Impeyan, Soem- merring, Manchurian Eared, Melanotus, Black- throated Golden, Lineated and Prince of Wales. Also Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Long- tails, and Mallard Ducks. S. C. Buff Orping- ton and R. I. Red fowls. We also offer for sale five varieties of Peafowl. Also Crane, Swan and Fancy Ducks, Doves of several varieties. Deer. Jack Rabbits Send $1.00 in stamps for Colortupe Catalogue CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY CHINESE PHEASANT EGGS, $3.00 A DOZEN. CAN use tame squirrel and Hungarian Partridge Eggs. P W. SCHWEHM, 4219 4th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Wash- ington. 2t PHEASANTS WANTED I will buy ringnecked pheasants regardless of sex at long as they are strong, healthy birds, large and no over two years old. Will purchase small or large num- bers for cash. Reference by permission to the Game Breeder. ROBT. BOWMAN, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. BANTAMS--GOOD GENTLE BiRDS SUITABLE for quail and pheasant breeding JOHN E. DARBY, Prop., Maplehurst Poultry Farm, Croswell, Michigan. BANTAMS — WILBERT’S FAMOUS BANTAMS. Forty varieties. Shipped on approval. Catalog 3¢. F. C. WILBERT, Grand Rapids, Michigan. WANTED Twenty-Five Sportsmen to join me in an exclusive hunting and fishing club. Property in Orange and Sullivan Counties, N. Y., adjoin- ing the Hartwood Club, the Merrie- wold Club and the famous Chester W. Chapin game preserve. For par- ticulars, apply to J.S. HOLDEN, PORT JERVIS, N.Y. FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Grand Island Erie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild DOGS EGGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG 50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky, THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky.» offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- ‘dale terriers, All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, Subscribe for The Game Breeder, only $1 a year. TWO THOUSAND PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. Pure Chinese, $3.50 per dozen, Ringnecks, Golden, Silver and Mallard Duck, $3.00 per dozen, $20.00 per hundred. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, Manzanita, Oregon. 4t RINGNECK PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. $25.00 per 100. Golden Pheasant Eggs, 60c. each. Day old Pheasants, 60c. each. Booking orders now. Mrs. EDGAR TILTON, Suffern, N.Y. 5t STOCK AND EGGS OF RINGNECKS, LADY Awherst, Golden and Silyer Pheasants. Wild strain Mallards, Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams. ‘*Ringlet’’ Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens. Peafowl. MRS. IVER CHRISTENSON, Jamestown, Kansas. 0.1. 6t In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 94 THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor,. Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Record. 8 litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and Flemish Hares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH Onawa - Maine Member of the Game Guild. PHEASANT EGGS AND PHEASANTS Pheasant eggs for sale up to May 15, $25.00 per hundred. 110 eggs sent for cash with order after May 15, $20 per 110 eggs. Pheasants for Sep- tember and October delivery. Write for prices. GEORGE BEAL, Levana Game Farm, R No. 1, Englishtown, New Jersey.. LIVE GAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment, ; W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and geese. Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas Mallard-Pintail DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids These ducks are reared on free range es especiallyfor shooting and for decoys. ° They are strong on the wing. Big | egg producers under control Price $3.60 per pair; $1.75 each ALBERT F. HOLMES 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Eggs inseason. Amhersts, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN POULTRY FARM Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game Guild. DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob White Quail San Antonio, Texas. Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. Member of the Game Guild. SEA CLIFF PHEASANTRY We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- & ants and cranes, also white, Javaand black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for | X sale. Write for prices and particu- }'.; lars BALDWIN PALMER Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N.Y. Zz Member of the Game Guild. 6t “ PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS White Guineas and White Cochin Bantams Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois Pear! WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks is fully described in the illustrated book, ‘Our Wild Fowland Waders, ’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York in writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER 95 GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, “‘Our Feathered Game,’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY 150 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. WILD MALLARD DUCKS AND EGGS Birds Strong Flyers, Manitoba Stock Eggs - - Perhundred, $20.00 Ducks - - - Perpair, 3.50 HEMLOCKS GAME FARM Box 1011 Bridgeport, Conn. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 ceuts. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street New York City EGGS FOR HATCHING-PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch. Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, North Carolina, 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws. JOHN E. PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario. 12t FOX AND MINK WANTED Wanted—Pair red fox pups; also breeders; pair mink and marten. R. H. BARKER, 2034 East Fourth Siicn Cleveland, Ohio. It LIVE GAME AMHERST, REEVES, SILVER AND MONGOLIAN Pheasant eggs $5.00 a dozen, two dozen, $9.00. Chinese Ringnecks, $3.50 a dozen, $25. 00a hundred. Mongolians, $35.00 a hundred“ Pheasant Farming,” illustrated, 50c. SIMPSON’S PHEASANT FARM, Corvallis, Oregon. at I WANT WANTED TO BUY.......... PHEASANTS._____. Silvers. Lady Amherst. Golden wand Reeves, Quote Prices, Ages, an Quantity. Morgan’s. Phsntry, 244 EK. 61st St., tee Angeles, Cal. WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t GOLDEN PHEASANT EGGS FOR HATCHING. fifty cents a piece. FOXHOLLOW FARM, Rhine- beck, New York. 1t PHEASANTS AND EGGS FOR SALE. GOLDENS. Lady Amhersts, Versicolors, Manchurian Eared, Gold, en Eggs $5.00, and Lady "Amherst $7.00 per dozen- ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada, 2t RAISE SILVER FOXES. NEW SYNDICATE JUST started. New plan. Not much money needed. Your location will not interfere, Particulars free. C. T. DRYZ, 5244 South Maplewood Ave., Chicago, Illinois. GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Egés in season, Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (10t) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue, WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. CANADA WILD GEESE AND THEIR GOSLINGS— A limited number for sale now—the surest way to start breeding this species. We are the oldest and largest breeders of Canadas in this country. Black and White Swans,Wild Ducks, etc., forsale. WHEALTON WATER FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island. Va. FOR SALE—PHEASANTS, PEA FOWL, PIGEONS, Poultry, Bantams and Pit Games. Eggs from the above stock for sale. Rabbits, Cavies, Squirrels, fur bearing animals, etc. I buy, sell and exchange. L. L KIRKPATRICK, Box 273, Bristol, Tenn. WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX Pied Peafowl, Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling, Ky. Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT,MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only, Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. gt In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” 96 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates The Game Conservation complaints promptly and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most part due to shipments of eggs. These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the seller and purchaser. Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. FIVE VARIETIES OF PHEASANTS, WILD DUCKS. Wild Geese, Brants. Wild Turkeys and other Game, List for stamp. G. H. HARRIS, Taylorville, Illinois. 4t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS, geese or pheasants. 15 pair of 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games. Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds. Genuine pit birds. Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED. J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. 2t WILD TURKEYS FOR SALE, LARGE, HARDY specimens, Satisfaction guaranteed. LEWIS ‘COMPTON, Dias Creek, New Jersey. 2t HAVE SIX MALE CANVASBACKS FOR SALE, $10.00 each or will exchange for wood duck pairs, These are hand raised from pure wild stock, Havea few canvasback eggs for sale, $12.00 per dozen. A. WOLFE, 9848 76th Ave., Edmonton, S., Alberta, Canada it THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE, THE GREATEST _ Tabbit for flesh and fur in the world. Send for full information and price list, SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t. EGGS PHEASANT EGGS--RINGNECK, $2.50 PER 13. Wild Mallard Eggs. $1.50 per11., JOHN SAMMONS, Yankton, South Dakota. at GOLDEN PHEASANT EGGS, $5.00 per dozen, Cash with order. F. W. DANE, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, 3t PURE BRED WILD DUCK EGGS FOR SALE-- From my New Jersey farm, pure bred, light gray wild mallard duck eggs, Stock strong on wing. $3.50 per 13; $25.00 per 100. H. W. VAN ALEN, 215 Montague St., Brooklyn, N. Y. at FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed. Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it, WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. | Currituck Sound, IF YOU WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL IN RAISING a high per cent of your baby birds—quail, pheasants, wild turkeys, etc., feed them MEAL WORMS,a choice, clean, insect food. 500, $1.00; 1,000, '$1.50; 5,000, $5.00. Express prepaid. See last year s advertisements in April, June and August numbers. C. R. KERN, Mount Joy, Pennsylvania, at GAMEHEEPERS GAMEKEEPER AT LIBERTY, RELIABLE, WANTS position on club preserve or game farm. Experienced on game and ornamental birds or animals, gun dogs and extermination of vermin. MILTON, in care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, 6t WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin, A. S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. WANTED, SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER, EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. careof THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. M. J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- iar with pheasant and poultry rearing. I have also had experience in general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. © 6t WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. THOR- oughly experienced in rearing Pheasants, Wild Turkeys and Wild Dueks. Good references. GAMEKEEPER, 463 East 67th St., N. Y. C. it WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER WITH a game shooting club or preserve owner. Experienced in breeding all species of game, dog breaking and the control of vermin, Good reterences. WM. J. STRANG, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. MISCELLANEOUS YOUNG MAN, RETURNED FROM FOREIGN service. General knowledge of game breeding and farming. Exceptional dairy experience. Thoroughly experienced in handling pedigreed horses, cattle and sheep. Best reference. Availabl eright away. J. A. TYLER, care cof THOMAS MacINTYRE, 9129 121st Street, Richmond Hill, Long Island, N. Y. BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE ~-Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes. elanotus, Japanese Versicolors, Manchurian Eared, ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ont., Can, ‘““THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Excellent references. Age 36, married. W. E. B., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of six or.eight rooms and land suit- able for farming. State acreage, location, price and terms. B.J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. WANTED TO RENT, WITH PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with good buildings. Place must have a small pond or stream suitable for ducks. GAME PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. {m writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “‘Yours for More Game.” Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. | Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 &1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. eee OO! a a ee eet a eS Te ee eC ea i 1 | 7 as) , j All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments. individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood Duck, Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and all other water fowl. Now is the Time to aE Wild Turkey Eggs Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. I east the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. Toe now contain nearly 200 besi Swans of England. I have tine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europeas PRLICANS, Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have 60 acres of land entirely devoted to my business. Canalso promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS. RABBITS, etc. Orders booked during summer. I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so. Your visit solicited. IT am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelphia. WM. J. MACKENSEN Department V. - YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. . Member of The Game Guild Game Farm or Preserve A large tract of land suitable for a game farm or preserve is offered for sale at an attractive price. The land is near New York on a good Automobile Road and contains a large pond and stream. There are some trout and the waters can be made to yield large numbers of these fish. The land is suitable for — deer, upland game and wild ducks. I shall be pleased to show this property to anyone wishing to start a game farm or preserve, The place is within fifty miles of the City and can be reached by Automobile in an hour and a half. For particulars address, OWNER = Care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York 4, 669 j Nie | yf APP Single Copies 10¢- 9 UII ill MM oe Per tear es 11 === feensnearenneen encore can cenHAHHAATALTEAUAEGASATN tLe lle JULY, 1919 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD CONTENTS wl aH i¢ Bo @ (it bl "1 Dil Survey of the Field—More Game and Fewer Game ,Laws— Should Be No Controversy — Shooting On Farms — Sporting Breeders — Free Shooting Game Farms and Game Breeders —Natural Enemies—Game Markets. Mental Recreation in Game Breeding - G. H. Corsan More About Game Enemies - Massachusetts Commissioners Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves - By Our Readers Trapping Quail — Quail Breeding at Marshfield — Wood Pigeons—More Gray Partridges— Advice to State Game Officers—Our Best Game Bird—More About Wood Pigeons —Mexican Bobwhites—Partridges and Foxes—Swinhoes— More Eggs— More Crows—Remedial — Pheasants and Pigs —More Silkies—More About Democracy—Putting in the Pep—A Famous Booklet—Hercules Powder Company Ad- vertising — Grouse — Quail in Oregon—Quail Breeders — Popular Game Preserving—More Law—American Game— A New Member—Thousands More. Editorials—Death of a Beneficial—We’re All Doing It — Rules of the Trade— Peculiar Ideas of Democracy — Outings and Innings, Trade Notes, Etc. Shall iM. s iN i =f Dat Wy iN ne lanl 4 hati 7 ll sii | ei Mm NY Published Monthly. Entered as second-class matter, July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 18709. ft r thy “ee A Dog Food That Is All Food i Made of the finest quality wa and most nourishing in- - \ gredients only—including af Meat Fibriné-~SPRATTS a Dog Cakes and Puppy Biscuits are to-day, as during the last 50 years, recog- nized by dog lovers as the standard food that maintains dogs in perfect health and strength. Spratt’s Biscuits do not contain added sugar or chemicals, which are frequently introduced to make inferior foods attractive. “Spratt’s Dog Culture”’ illustrates and describes | the food for YOUR dog. Write for a copy (stating breed). SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED, Newark, N. J. San Francisco, Calif. St. Louis, Mo. Cleveland, Ohio. FACAORY ALSO IN LONDON, ENGLAND. Look for the Trade Mark ‘‘X’’ on every Biscuit. THE GAME BREEDER fourteen HESE are the fourteen standard brands of loaded shells and the shell you shoot 1s among them. Remember—you can always get your favorite shell loaded with Infallible or ‘‘E.C.’’ if you ask for it and zmszs¢t on getting it. You can buy any one of the fourteen shells listed at the right loaded with one of the HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun ~ POWDERS INFALLIBLE (BES When you swing your gun to your shoulder and pull the trigger—zt’s the powder that does the work. Andit is of the utmost importance to you that this powder be dependable. Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powders are a/ways depend- able. They always burn evenly, give even patterns, high velocity and light recoil. The next time that you buy shells, look on the top wad for the name Infallible or ‘‘E. C.”’ ee HERCULES POWBER. CO. » | Lh . 10th Street @) Wilmington Delaware HIGH GIN IDEAL PREMIER TARGET emi t Remipgron ARROW NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE SUPERIOR GRADE (Us/,BLACK SHELLS AJAX CLIMAX Heorn FIELD RECORD VON CHESTER REPEATER LEADER 98 THE GAME BREEDER Let your trap gun purchase be a, PARKER. Be one of the thousands of satisfied PARKER Gun users. PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good sub- stantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of,over 50 years. Once you have used the PARKER, you will never be satisfied with anything but the BEST. Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not PARKER BROS. now? Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street Mallards, Teal, Quail an ro Japanese-silkies Pure-bred Birds Raised Under Semi-Natural Conditions Z. TED DeKALMAR, R. F. D. No. 30, Stamford, Conn. STATE GAME LICENSE No 123. FEDERAL PERMIT No. 1. MARMOT PHEASANTRY Ringnecks Chinese Reeves | Golden Silver Amherst Japanese Silky Fowl Book your order for eggs now. Eggs in any quantity from the Japanese Silky—Rhode Island Red Cross. The perfect mother for large breeders of Pheasants. We have one of the largest exclusive Game Breeding Farms in the U. S., and we warrant every bird we ship to be in prime condition for breeding or show purposes. We are now contracting full wing Ringnecks in any quantity up to 5,000 for August and early fall delivery. If you want some splendid Chinese-Mongolian cocks for new-blood in your pens, and are willing to pay $3 each for them, send us a check. Hens $4.50. Expensive, but they’re worth it, Member of the Game Guild MARMOT PHEASANTRY, MARMOT, OREGON In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 99 — % ‘4 “ZUgyU YAW Y YY4WG4EELFLAOWALY’ Vr a \" i imc 1) PONT AMERICAN INDUSTRIES mmmmmencma fi") fl th PRPS Maud GZ43 Z 434% Wad Gb444 HAY GGGGL AAD 4 C44 hep ladda Hallé = | | i th F Ataual BEGINNERS Trapshooting Event Freel: i for I viccbele Clubs | Learn to shoot. Know how to handle and use a gun. Sharpen your judgment. Quicken your mental speed. Trapshooting is the reconstructive Sport for modern men and women—and partic- ularly for the business man. It demands concentration—the kind of 0 T concentration that takes you completely away from business cares and worries. It sends you back clearer and keener in thought and i = judgment. Smokeless Beginners’ Day Shoots = Shotgun will be held at hundreds of gun clubs during June and July. VVhy el Powders not attend? Get a taste of the game's fascination. Don’t let pride = or timidity stop you. The gun club is the place to learn and the old =| leaders for over a century— timers will be glad to welcome and help you. = are the choice of the Nation’s wes ; é = crack trapshots. Look for rite today for full information and name of nearest gun club. = a the names on the Shell Box SPORTING POWDER DIVISION = when you purchase shells. = z = DUPONT -BALLISTITE KK. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., (= Si SCHULTZE WILMINGTON, DELAWARE. == . ae? a E35] The Principal du Pont Products are: =] Explosives: Industrial, Agricultural and sporting. Chemicals: Pyroxylin Solutions, Ethers, Bronzing Liquids, pal Coal Tar Distillates, Commercial Acids, Alums, etc. Leather Substitutes: Fabrikoid Upholstery, Rayntite sed Top Material, Fairfield Rubber Cloth. Pyroxylin Plastics: Ivory, Shell and Transparent Py-ra-lin, Py-ra-lin = Specialties, Challenge Cleanable Collars and Cuffs. Paints and Varnishes: For Industrial and Home Uses. = Pigments and Colors in Oil: For Industrial Uses. Lithoponme: For Industrial Uses. Stains, Fillers, —4| Lacquers and Enamels: For Industrial and Home Uses. Dyestuffs: Coal Tar Dyestuffs and Intermediates. pal For full information address: Advertising Division, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Dewarel Sei Visit the Trapshooting School, Young’s Pier, Atlantic City, N. J- e| (Cee Ait Gis | JE! TT a eS TLITTTeenT er te iw im) COCO i LEACH a. 00 LD ZAC ECE AA Ls al “ttiny ZZ BEG as adcarneneane 100 THE GAME BREEDER More American Reserve Power UMC REMINGTON ' Painted for Remington UMC by F. X. Leyendecker ~ ke aa ee ey OTH to the man himself and to all about him, the strength that comes from the hills 18 invaluable today. No poison-pollen of Old World imperialism gone to seed can contaminate— nor any attempt of crowd-sickened collectivism undermine —the pricéless individualism of the American who truly keeps his feet on the earth. Are you one of America’s five million hunters, planning a trip for big dame — and reserve — Our Service Department will be glad to help you complete arrangements — tell what to take, if you wish—report on hunting districts — give addresses and rates of best hunting camps and guides: Or ask your local dealer, the alert Remington UMC merchant—one of more than 82,700 a this country — whose store is your community Sportsmen’ s Headquarters. Guides, Outfitters, Camp Proprietors — Write for registration blank for Remington UMC free service. THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World WOOLWORTH BUILDING ~ NEW YORK #) e , is _ ‘The Game Breeder VOLUME XV JULY, 1919 NUMBER 4 Co) SURVEY OF THE FIELD. More Game and Fewer Game Laws. Mr. Aldo Leopold has written a story about an imaginary controversy. It gives us pleasure, Mr. Leopold, to read what you say about the “more game and fewer game law” question which seems to have attracted the attention of all of the sportsmen and naturalists in America. You write so well that we are sure our readers, who may not agree with some of your ideas of democracy, will be interested in reading what you say. All will agree with you that “there has been a general and growing scar- city of game all over the United States, that the decrease has not been checked so far as upland game is concerned; that the annual’ drain on the game supply will greatly increase after the war.” This is true not-only in the United States but also in Canada where most of the wild ducks we shoot are bred. Hun- dreds of thousands of gunners have not been shooting in Canada for some years and this may have helped the migratory law some, as the stopping of spring shooting in our Northern States, by State enactments, undoubtedly did. Since the result of our numerous laws has not been to save the quail and grouse shoot- ing (we know they were given a fair trial in our native State a score of years ago when we executed the laws more effectively than they have been executed anywhere) it is evident that there is something the matter. We are glad you observe that the words “more game and fewer game laws” started something. There is, as you say, a “nation-wide determination that something must be done.’ In fact, something is being done. Should Be No Controversy. As to your imaginary controversy the game farmers are too busy to engage in any controversy. When we read the statement that “our enemies are publish- ing a monthly magazine,’ we made some playful remarks about the singularity of any one being the enemy of common sense but our readers never were much interested and we are quite sure no one ever took the matter seriously. There is plenty of room in America to hunt with the camera and there will be more game to snapshoot when America becomes the biggest game producing country in the world. Col. Wallace well said that you erred in stating there is any antagonism be- tween the two propositions, one 1s a direct corollary to the other. As Col. Wallace said, all the farms are closed to free shooting in his State. Shooting on Farms. Most of the farms in all of the States are posted. No good reason can be as- signed why the owners of the farms should not profitably breed any species of plant or animal if they wish to do so. No good reason can be assigned why sporting game breeders should not keep the game abundant on some of the posted farms if they wish to do so. As a mat- ter of fact thousands are doing so. When it becomes legal to sell all species of game as food many men of moderate means can get shooting on these posted farms by combining to share the ex- pense of looking after the game pro- perly. Our advice to the sportsmen is that they form shooting clubs or syndi- cates as they say in England and go 102 after some of this closed shooting. Open it up and speed it up is our motto. We are pleased to observe that many-sports- men are taking’ our advice. The sportsmen who open up the posted farms leave the free shooting on public lands and waters for those who are not industrious in the matter of game sav- ing. A noisy game refuge is more bene- ficial than a quiet refuge, but there is room enough for both. Sporting Breeders. Mr. Leopold in discussing his contro- versy overlooks the fact that there are thousands of .game breeders who are sportsmen and who deal with the game farmers when they need stock birds to start some good shooting. It may inter- est him to know that probably there are | over an hundred ithousand sportsmen who have excellent shooting every sea- son. The country is so big that we can readily see how he overlooked them. We fail to see why he should suggest that game farmers are “cranks.” They go about their business in an indus- trious manner and he may be interested to know that a number of them will take an order for 50,000 game eggs if any one wants as many at one time. We know of a large number whose out- put will be over 25,000 next spring. There is nothing cranky about any of these people or about many thousands of others in the game breeding industry in a smaller way. The shooting game breeders who deal with the game far- mers are a splendid lot of sportsmen of all grades of wealth (some only pay $15 a year for their shooting). There is not a crank in the lot; but of course he did not refer to these since he only men- tioned the game farmers. We represent all of these people and know them and their splendid industry well. His review of a controversy is a re- view of something which we are sure does not exist. It takes two to make a controversy and the game farmers are not opposed to people who wish to hunt only with a camera and “to preserve,” as he says, “at least a sample of all wild life.” The game farmers are actively engaged in saving a very big sample of THE GAME BREEDER all species of game. They have to their credit: (1) The saving of the bison or buffalo. They have sold a lot of these animals to zoological gardens. They have sold.a big herd of bison to Canada because the U. S. market seemed to be oversupplied. They will take an order for a carload lot of bison or more at any time if he will find a place to estab- lish some “free shooting” at these ani- mals. (2) The game breeders have saved the antelope which rapidly were vanish- ing’ and the State game officer of Mr. Leopold’s State says in the last last an- nual report that a game breeder or game farmer owns the largest herd of antelope in existence (under a liberal game breed- ers’ law). Any one who wishes ‘“‘a sam- ple of wild life” can procure it by apply- ing to the proper game breeder. See ad- vertisements in The Game Breeder. (3) In States which have liberal game breeders’ laws the game breeders have saved the quail and keep these birds so abundant that it is safe to shoot large numbers every year. The owners of the quail are generous and will sell or even give away quail where the laws permit. them to do so. The Game Conservation Society has given away quail of several species to people who wrote common sense articles describing how they saved the game. tea (4) The game breeders have saved large numbers of prairie grouse, sharp- tailed grouse and ruffed grouse. They will sell some: of their birds and give some away as soon as the shipping facili- ties are free and it becomes legal to make these birds plentiful as it now is to make pheasants plentiful. (5) The game breeders already have made the United States the biggest pheasant producing country in the world. There are more pheasants in the United States than there are in China where the breeding stock for pheasants was pro- cured, both for England and the United States. A little reading notice in The Game Breeder stating that the game warden of Pennsylvania wanted pheas- ant eggs brought him several thousand eggs late in the season after many hun- dreds of thousands had been sold. THE GAME BREEDER -(6) The game breeders have made the mallard ducks abundant in many places. Hundreds of thousands of these birds -and their eggs will be offered for sale and many have been sold (see advertise- ments in The Game Breeder). The game breeders purchased many wood duck in Belgium, prior to the war, and they now own thousands of these birds. The Bel- gians had no wood ducks until they pro- cured their breeding stock in America. The reason mallards are more abund- ant than other wild fowl is that in some States it is criminal to profitably pro- duce teal and other fowl. The mallard is, also, a little easier to handle. But for this reason the laws should encourage and not prevent the production of the more difficult species. (7) The game breeders have saved the wild turkey and have introduced it in States where it had ceased to exist. There are many quail “shoots” where wild turkeys commonly are shot by the quail shooters. The sportsmen as a rule do not own the farms where the shoot- ing is done. They simply pay a few cents per acre annually for the right to go behind the signs prohibiting trespass and to literally shoot the wild life into great abundance, paradoxical as the statement may seem. The shooting is the inducement to keep the game abund- ant. The quail of course eat more po- tato bugs, boll weavels, and others when quail are abundant than they do when quail are scarce. The quail and turkeys are bred wild in the fields and woods and there is a generous “sample of wild life” preserved where any one can get permission to hunt with a camera. The writer had no trouble in getting permis- sion to see the abundant game including wild turkeys nesting in fields when the farmers were plowing. Wild quail and wild turkeys (more abundant than we had ever seen them before) were “grati- fying to the eye and the soul’—to say nothing about eating. Game Farms and Game Breeders. Mr. MacVicar properly explained to Mr. Leopold the difference between the game farm and the game preserve. The 103 game farmer usually owns his farm where he produces large numbers of game birds and game quadrupeds. He sells game and game eggs in big num- bers to the owners of country places, to shooting clubs and to the State game officers. Hundreds of thousands of birds an eggs have been sold by the American game farmers who advertise in. The Game Breeder to the customers named. The industry is young in America but growing with great rapidity. Free Shooting. Mr. MacVicar makes another good statement: “Free shooting is very beau- tiful in theory, but where there is free shooting it usually means no. shooting at all.” How true this is of the farms posted by the farmers! How true it is where they have secured laws putting the quail on the song bird list in order to see that those who have disregarded trespass signs have no excuse for so doing. Natural Enemies. Mr. Leopold says the game farmer is right in his ideas about vermin. Here again he sees that the “more game and fewer game laws’? movement started something quite worth while. The word vermin was not used in our literature un- til the game breeders began to discuss the damage to their game crops. State reports now contain statistics about the vermin killed on game farms. (See one in this issue. ) Here it appears that the game farmers are by no means cranks. Their magazine is fully aware that vermin should not be indiscriminately destroyed. It agrees with the Audubon Association, the Bio- logical Survey and the naturalists that some game enemies are beneficial and that these only should be destroyed when they acquire perverted appetites and are harmful to the game. The question is one to be studied and the people who have game in abundance should be edu- cated to control only the harmful spe- cies, and that no great harm will follow the toleration of some of these. 104 Game Markets. As to game markets, the game owned and produced by industry should be sola of course under proper regulations. The Game Breeder often has said that game farmers and breeders will fare better if the sale of the game from public lands and waters be prohibited than they will if it be permitted. Mr. Leopold jumps at the conclusion that game farmers wish to have compe- tition. His erroneous ideas are based on the statement that in free countries the market gunners own the game they legally shoot and trap and they sell it as a matter of course. Here is a pro- vision for the impecunious sportsmen, Mr. Leopold, which enables them to pur- chase ammunition and have a good time. We have mentioned the matter simply to illustrate the mistaken ideas of those who try to arouse the people to go in strongly for more laws by assuring them that only dukes and lords shoot in Eng- land. There are many shooting syndi- cates formed to share the expense of keeping up some sport. We agree that it 1s wise to confine the sale of game in America to game produced by industry, because the sale of public game would undoubtedly result in too much being shot, at least until game becomes very abundant. There is no controversy here. Mr. Leopold simply misunderstands why ‘we mentioned the freedom of the poor in the free countries. We can see why they should give way in America until game is more abundant just as we see why the quail should go on the song bird list. We never have been able to see any moral turpitude in a poor man’s living out on the beach and supporting his family by taking fish from the waters and fowl from the air. We have put in some time shooting with these indus- trious people and it has always seemed to us when we observed their healthy, happy children, that they were better off than they would be in a crowded’ tene- ment in the city. In countries where game is properly looked after they can sell the food they secure to the people at absurdly low prices. Sportsmen who own country homes and sportsmen who THE GAME BREEDER rent shooting on the posted farms see no more objection to market gunners than they see to market fishermen. Much as we sympathize with and ap- prove of the conduct of the good od gunners who formerly sent game to the markets we can see that this was as much overdone as the quail shooting was and that excepting in places where game is produced both the sporting vocation of the wild fowler and the shooting of quail for fun will not be permitted. M. G. or F. G. That’s the Question! We have tried the sport of getting more game laws and in fact worked hard at it some years ago. We find the in- dustry of producing more game far more interesting and there can be no doubt . that we have increased our opportunity for good bags of quail and other game. Since the food procured goes a long way towards offsetting the cost of production we have ascertained that anyone can have excellent shooting during a long open season if he wants to. We know some people who frankly say there is more money in the game law industry and who point with pride to their lead- ers who take in a surprising amount of coin. All we ask is if we do not inter- fere with this money-making game that the money-makers be not permitted to prevent the breeding of game on game farms and shooting grounds where our game shooters have a big lot of sport every season and where game farmers produce game birds and eggs profitably. We like the shooting and we are glad it is coming back everywhere in the free states. Game Wanted If you want any game or game eggs by all means put in a small advertisement stating just what you want. If our ad- vertisers can not furnish it you, no doubt, will hear from those who can. Those who have not tried an adver- aisement in The Game Breeder should do so. They will get in touch with the best customers in the country. THE GAME BREEDER 105 MENTAL RECREATION IN GAME BREEDING. By G. H. Corsan. Game breeding is such a fascinating hobby that in a very few years the few thousands now engaged in it will grow to many thousands. It is an expensive hobby if one wishes to go into it sud- denly, but entered by degrees it can readily be made a wonderfully good pay- ing business. It pays a person if they get pleasure out of it even if they don’t make money out of it. I am sure that the Great Geometrician of the universe must endorse the plan of the game breed- ers to restock this continent with beau- tiful utility birds. ’ But skunks come around and the great horned owl and the mink and weasel have to be fought. Very well, they are far from discouraging to me. I love to fight and I love to kill injurious crea- tures; and I trap and I shoot and I poiscn and I use my brains to destroy the enemies of the game farm. The great horned owl has killed pigs twice to my knowledge and a full grown mute swan once and I have set my hand against it, and I trap it on posts by erecting the head and neck of a guinea fowl with wire, then nailing the wings on each side of the post and the tail behind, on the top of the post and in the center lies the jump trap; then good-by Mr. Great Horned Owl. But should the varmint kill, then the traps lie around the kill to the number of eight and he may snap seven but the eighth has him fast. And stake the traps down well for he has tremendous strength, as any bird must have that can kill a full grown house cat or skunk. The first night the owl pulls off the head and neck of the toughest kind of a bird and swallows it whole. Then he pulls out the entrails from the breast and devours them. The next night he visits the kill to have a second feast. So tie the kill to the ground tightly, unless you want to eat the kill yourself, then leave legs, wings, feathers and tail in the very same spot. Cover feathers _the lightly over the traps. He is a stupid bird and will be there in the morning spitting and looking like a real hun. You may also go out to the nearby pine and hemlock woods and find him at roost by day but on the lookout and quite well able to see. And he also hunts by day and can kill a bird that is not tough in an extraordinary short time. This bird in the photograph killed my blue, snow and black brant geese leaving me the ganders. But the Canada gan- ders will fight him and he leaves them alone. As watch dogs and alarm clocks they take the place of the guinea fowl at night time. Snow geese are being bred now and I feel that it is up to me to breed blue geese and whistler swans. But first get birds.. Secondly have a suitable place. Third use judgment and don't overfeed the birds as they are fed at the zoos, nor crowd them up too much. Tennis and golf, etc., may have their valuable side for drawing a man’s mind off business and family worries, but they are not to be at all compared to the power that lies in game breeding. The fresh air, the exercise and the mental satisfaction of accomplishing something not only difficult but rare. One day a few years ago I was motor- ing in Northern Indiana and Southern Michigan when I saw a very beautiful, tall young woman as straight as an Indian. I stopped the machine and I watched her—for I knew that she was someone unusual. I did not have long to stop before I heard a wonderful clear voice | call Jout, “Birdie!” . “Birdie!” “Birdie!” Then what should appear free, and from all kinds of cover? Scores of most beautiful pheasants of some dozen varieties as well as pea- fowl. We—for we were a machine full—- jumped out and walked over and had a long talk with Miss Helen Bartlett. 106 That was indeed a day of joy to us all. I am writing from Baltimore and this June Sunday I intend to take a run over and see how that pair of trumpeter swans are doing in the National Park Zoo. The dog “Togo” in the picture, I send is a white Boston bullterrier and as good natured an animal as lives. But he infernally hates skunks and keeps his master’s poultry farm absolutely free from them, as he never fails to make a kill when the overconfident skunk comes THE GAME BREEDER around to Mr. Eugene Sites’ poultry farm\ate@ly cia) Ohiomilemuasmalogon to deal with. “Togo” always digs him- self into the damp ground under the barn after each encounter and stays there without eating for two or three days. May his kind increase, is my wish, and I guess that the reader will say amen! The National Park Zoo has lost their female trumpeter swan and now they are looking for another bird as the male wants to mate. MORE ABOUT GAME ENEMIES. From the Report of the Massachusetts Commissioners on Fish and Game. Each year furnishes, despite the ut- most watchfulness on the part of the superintendents, new evidence of the depredations of hawks, owls and other enemies on the stock under their care. In the quail breeding work, even though the birds are kept in wire covered en- closures, they are not safe from the at- tacks of hawks and owls, for when frightened the birds have a natural in- stinct to fly upwards to escape, and in doing so thrust their heads through the openings at the top of the enclosure, only to have them bitten off. At the Sandwich Bird Farm a sys- tematic trapping of destructive birds was carried on as usual, and also of the rats which concentrate about the feeding places in the duck yards. Foxes occa- sionally give trouble, though not to the extent that the birds do. At this station the score was 368 for the year ending Nov. 30, 1918, as follows: One long-eared owl, 5 great horned owls, 1 short-eared owl, 2 red-tailed hen hawks, 3 red-shouldered hawks, 6 goshawks, 15 Cooper’s hawks, 2 screech owls, 5 sharp-skinned hawks, 2 pigeon hawks, 4 sparrow hawks, 8 marsh hawks, 1 rough-legged hawk, 260 rats, 16 weasels, 3 foxes, 6 skunks, 10 black- snakes, 18 snapping turtles. The record at the Wilbraham Game Farm was not kept as accurately as in other years, but among the vermin de- stroyed were: Sixteen skunks, 30 rats, 5 snakes, 9 hawks, 3 owls, 4 cats. In addition to those taken by hawks, 131 young birds are known to have been taken here by other enemies. This year crows have been more of a nuisance at this station than hawks, and it was almost impossible to get within gunshot of them. The boxes containing young birds were closed each night against cats and skunks, but on one occasion skunks gained an en- trance by digging under the boxes and killed forty pheasants in one night. At the Marshfield Bird Farm the snapping turtles are found to be one of the worst pests. As they bury deep in the mud about the only remedy is to board the entire edge of the pond around and to probe all over to kill them. Numbers of great horned owls were about this season. One gained entrance to the brood house one night by break- ing through a pane of glass, and by. morning he had killed fifteen ducks. After that pole traps were put out and several owls taken by this means. Crows added to the losses. by taking both eggs. and ducklings. tage THE GAME BREEDER A Hawk Takes a Trout. Not only the game farms but the fish hatcheries as well suffer from the activ- ities of predatory birds which are re- sponsible for the loss of substantial num- bers of fish every year. At the Sand- wich Fish Hatchery last February one of the workmen noticed a red-shouldered hawk on the bank of the brook. He succeeded in killing it, and found it held in its talons a live, perfectly healthy fe- male brook trout 13 inches long, weigh- ing 13 ounces. As the legs and the underpart of the hawk were wet, un- questionably the bird had gone into the 107 water after the fish. In the superin- tendent’s fourteen years’ experience this is the first instance that has come to his attention of any species of hawk going into the water after fish, excepting the fish hawk. The bird measured 3 feet 6 inches from tip to tip, and 19 inches from beak to tip of the tail. It had been ‘seen around the hatchery for several weeks, and up to that time had evaded capture. In another instance a black crown night heron which had been shot at this station was found to contain ninety-two 2-inch and 3-inch brook trout fingerlings. NOTES FROM THE GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. Trapping Quail. A plan for trapping quail for breeding purposes is described in the report of the Massachusetts Commissioners. The superintendent of the Marshfield Bird Farm was detailed to do the trapping. He began work January 11, at which time the weather was extremely cold and the ground covered with ice. The first steps in the work were to locate the quail; to select the desirable places to set the traps; and, finally, to bring the quail to the place. The latter end was accomplished by placing grain at the trapping places selected, so as to accus- tom the birds to come to the spot. Six traps designed for this work were put out. They were shaped like a scal- lop shell, covered with linen thread net and set on figure four spindles. When set on the ground they resembled an umbrella with the handle cut off. The traps were visited twice daily, morning and night, the last visit about dusk. Thus no birds remained in the traps any length of time, and (with the exception of one taken by a cat) none died in the traps. When a snowstorm threatened the traps were taken up so that none might be caught and perish. The heavy snows, the winds that blew down the traps, and more especially the small birds and animals which would get in and spring the traps necessitated many fruitless sets and trips before the quota (50 quail) was. secured. Many and many a time traps were inspected only to find that they had been sprung by the small swamp birds, and sometimes the quail were seen running around the outside of the trap ready to go in had it not already been sprung. In some locali- ties these small birds were so trouble- some that it was necessary to abandon operations on that spot. Rabbits and squirrels added to the difficulties by dam- aging the nets gnawing their way out, making it necessary to mend the holes on the spot with the temperature at zero. A trap 8 feet by 18 inches by 18 inches covered with wire netting, working on the same principle as a rat trap that would catch as many as would go in, was also used and found convenient for picking up the odd birds in flocks after the larger portion had been caught. Each lot of birds caught was immediately placed in a stall in the Brood house fur- nished with cedar trees, large box of dusting sand, straw covered floor, char- coal, oyster shells, water and _ feed. Forty-four birds were trapped and kept at the game farm from the middle of January to August 10. They submitted 108 to confinement readily and lost their first wildness in a short time, though they retained their instinct to hide. It was a pretty sight to see the birds running about in the straw, under the dry ce- dars, and dusting in the sand in the sun- light on a cold day when snow was heaped high outside the brood house. Quail Breeding at Marshfield. The quail trapped by the Massachu- setts Commission were placed in breed- ing pens at the Marshfield Bird Farm. The following description of the breed- ing experiment is from the excellent re- port of the Fish and Game Commission. The breeding pens were located in a 5- acre piece of natural quail cover. The brook separated it from the game farm, and a locked gate kept visitors out, as the birds must be undisturbed during the breeding season. The pens were 8 feet square made of one inch mesh wire netting, frame painted. Tarred paper on north and east sides kept out the winds, and a bundle of straw arranged in this corner formed a natural hiding place and shelter from the rains and cold. The tops were covered to keep out vermin. The pens were located on grassy spots, and each contained a bunch of growing bayberry bushes for cover and feed. An old stump was provided also, as the cock quail likes to stand on this and whistle. The hen bird likes to build her nest in the old grass, leav- ing so small an entrance to the nest as to make it difficult to discover even on close inspection. This is as natural a sort of cover as can be gotten for quail. Each pen contained finely ground oyster shells, charcoal and sand, and was sup- plied with fresh feed and drinking water every day by the superintendent. No one was allowed near the pens. When the quarters were ready the birds were paired. A cock‘bird caught on the land of A would be mated with a hen bird from the land of B, 10 miles away. (The birds were marked with different colored celluloid rings indicating the land where taken.) There were twenty pens with a pair of birds in each. The pens were THE GAME BREEDER numbered, and as the eggs were taken out they were marked with the pen num- ber. This was done to keep track of the fertility. With the quail in the yards the war with vermin began. A close watch was maintained at all times and traps set, and as a result of constant care no DURE were lost from this. cause. As fast as enough eggs for a setting were secured they were placed under bantams for incubation. The total laid was 384 of which 131 were infertile. Laying proceeded from May 15 to August 10, when 42 of the 44 trapped birds were liberated. At the time all were laying and the chances are that’ most of them made nests in the open, as several flocks of young birds have been seen in the localities where they were freed. Four lots of six adult quail each “were distributed to owners of land from which quail had been taken; the re mainder of the trapped birds were turned loose in the Marshfield Reservation. Of the 384 eggs collected 253 hatched. Thirty-four of the young birds escaped, 112 were lost in the course of rearing, and 107 reached the age for liberation. Some of these were liberated on land where birds had been trapped in the spring, and where the cover was partic- ularly suitable, and others were sent out as part of our general distribution. In three cases the hen built two nests and laid in each, which fact was not known until the superintendent discovered the young from the stolen nests, which had been incubated by the cocks. The broods consisted of 13, 9 and 4, respectively. In one case the chicks were not discov- ered until they were so far advanced that the tail feathers had started. Each pair of quail and the chicks were imme- diately liberated, and the station has taken no credit for the rearing of these birds, counting them as though hatched in the wild. Wood Pigeons. The wood pigeons are so abundant in England that they are said to be a nuis- ance. Now that the shipping facilities THE GAME BREEDER are again good for foreign game birds it might be a good plan to import a few thousand pigeons and give them a trial. We suggest to the importers that the numerous game breeding associations and game shooting clubs affiliated with the Game Conservation Society are in a mood to buy any targets wearing feath- ers, provided, of course, they be edible, and the wood pigeon is said to be very good to eat. There is no law against shooting and eating wood pigeons and it would be interesting to see if these birds rapidly would become abundant on the club grounds and would fly all over the coun- try to be shot by an admiring populace. We doubt if a few birds liberated in one place would escape our numerous hawks, cats, et al., but some of a good tot of birds might pull through and become established. Any club’ which acquires these birds will, of course, not shoot them all the first season, and it seems likely if they thrive at all they will thrive abundantly. If some of our enterprising importers will bring over a lot of wood pigeons we will boom the product with some reading notices and we know it is easy for us to make game birds fashionable. All the blue quail offered for sale last season were sold although no one yet knows if they can be introduced in the North successfully. Send in a reading notice if you import any wood pigeons and we will put it in free. We think more about making America a big game producing country than we do about making money. If our readers who would like to try wood pigeons will write to our larger advertisers who import birds they, no doubt, will get the pigeons. More Gray Partridges. We can announce on good authority that good big importations of gray part- ridges (often called Hungarians in America although they are abundant in England and also in other continental countries besides Hungary) soon will be coming this way. Readers who want the 109 so-called Hungarians can get their check books ready. They soon can send money to the importers with the assurance that they will get the birds. As usual we can forecast coming events in the game bird industry. Advice to State Game Officers. State game officers who wish to pur- chase job lots of Hungarians would do well to write to the Game Conservation Society and get some good advice about how to turn these birds down success- fully so they will become established. Heretofore thousands of dollars have been expended to feed vermin with the mnocent imported birds. We can plan the introduction so that it will probably be successful and there are vast tracts of land in America where public shoot- ing is perfectly proper and where it should not be necessary to rely on the prohibition of field sports for terms of years to insure some good partridge ot shooting. Sn cise In Connecticut where an attempt was made to introduce some thousands of dollars worth of Hungarians by turning” down a few pair of birds here and there,. a game warden reported that a hawk took one of a pair of birds he liberated, before he left the field. There is a way of turning down partridges which we feel sure will be successful. Game offi- cers who are subscribers can get some good advice if they will let us know when they get the partridges. Our Best Game Bird. English gamekeepers who have made our American quail, the bobwhite, abundant and who keep it so in places where big bags of quail are shot every season, say that bobwhite is the best game bird in the world. Often they have referred to the way our quail per- forms before dogs. It will be an easy matter for some inexpensive quail clubs, or syndicates as they say in England, to restore quail shooting in Ohio and other prohibition states on many. of the posted farms. All that is necessary is to 110 rent the shooting for a few cents per acre and to look after the birds properly —which means to employ a beat keeper to control the hawks, crows and other vermin, and to see that the quail have some covers and suitable nesting places and an abundance of food. The Game Conservation Society often is consulted about the formation of new clubs, the cost, etc. There should be no possible objection to sportsmen combining in order to have excellent shooting on the posted farms in the prohibition States. The farmers quickly will join them and aid in having the law amended so that quail can be bred in good numbers and shot during a long open season. When it is desired to keep the annual dues down, so that anyone can shoot, some of the abundant quail should be sold to help pay the shooting rent and the wages of the keeper. It is absolutely necessary to control the hawks, crows, cats, snakes and many other enemies of the game in order to keep it abundant to see that it does not again go on the song bird list when the shooting is lively. When the natural enemies of the game eat birds and eggs in large numbers it is not safe to do any shooting because the birds shot are always the stock birds left by vermin for breeders, ' Tt is highly desirable to shoot quail in October when the weather is fine and it is a pleasure to be out of doors. Sen- sible game breeders’ laws permit those who look after their game to shoot dur- ing long open seasons and they, of course, fix their own bag limits, always large, so as to leave some breeding stock on the ground. - Don’t be afraid of anyone calling you a duke or lord if you provide some good quail shooting at say $25 per year. More About Wood Pigeons. Owen Jones says wood pigeons are the wild fowl of waterless districts. I have had my share of sport with wood pigeons if I never have any more; also I have missed my share of pigeons. The man who can hit wood pigeons can hit any- thing that flies. Not every man who THE GAME BREEDER ae has killed a brace from a covey of driven partridges so that both birds have fallen to the ground in front of him—to ac- complish the feat at the expense of wood pigeons coming straight is not so simple as it seems. I never did it with part- ridges but managed it with wood pigeons once and once only. I came within an ace of doing it a second time during the last days in my keeper’s berth but the second bird fell, as it were, “on the line.’ However, to serve a double at wood pigeons, brings in my experience of shooting as much satisfaction as any- thing, no matter how or where the birds fall. There is nothing like wood pigeon shooting for teaching a man how to take birds coming to him, and the habit of aiming well forward, which is the key- ACUS Ch GOOG Wolk ~*~ *“ * I Inaive ‘lost several chances to do great things through shortage of cartridges. The best of pigeon shooting is that it lasts almost the year round, and that without bringing about even a desirable decrease in the number of birds.——Ten Years of Gamekeeping. Partridges and Foxes. Owen Jones says, “Partridge shoot- ing, if only because it is cheap, is bound to remain the most popular form of shooting; and since less can be done to prevent, or to make good, the damage by foxes to partridges than to other game, foxes must give way to par- tridges.” Our American quail or partridge un- doubtedly can be handled as cheaply as the gray partridges are and quail shoot- ing (even in the prohibition States where the bird is on the song bird list for a term of years or forever) undoubtedly will become the most popular form of sport not only because it will be cheap but because the quail is our best game bird. Mexican Bobwhites. Experiments were made last year with Mexican quail by the Massachusetts Commission and the Sandwich and Marshfield Bird Farms. The following THE GAME BREEDER reports of the work are from the fifty- third annual report of the commis- sioners : The Sandwich Bird Farm.—In order to make a practical test of the feasibility of buying quail in the market for stock- ing the covers rather than to rear our own stock, a trial order was placed for 120 Mexican bobwhites to be sent from » Eagle Pass, Texas, price to be $2 each, only live birds to be paid for. They were shipped by express April 16 and arrived at East Sandwich late in the afternoon of the 23d, having been on the road the greater part of eight days. Thirty-eight were dead on arrival, the remaining 82 very weak. They were im- mediately put into roomy quarters in a favorable location, lightly fed and wa- tered, but in a few days 43 more had died. The shipping crates seemed large enough for the dozen birds that were in each, and there was plenty of air, grit and feed and a chance for water; but the kind of feed seemed entirely wrong, being mostly ordinary cracked corn with very little kaffir corn. The remaining birds were held until May 22. when two © lots of 8 each were sent for liberation in Reading and Gloucester, 8 to the bird farm at Marshfield, and the remaining 15 placed in breeding quarters. The first egg was laid on June 5 at which time 12 breeding birds remained. One hen laid 7 eggs and died, leaving 11 birds, one of which died the latter part of July. The last eggs were picked up August 26, at which time but 7 of the birds remained alive. On October 1 the last six remaining were released on the grounds, hoping thereby to save them for experiments next season. Total eggs. laid was 107, which,:as nearly as can be reckoned, considering the deaths during the laying season, compared favorably with the record of the native quail. Of the 107 eggs laid 45 were distributed to applicants. The remaining 62 were set under bantams and 43 hatched, their being 11 infertile ones and fivé which contained dead germs. This gave a fertility of about 82 per cent, and a hatching per cent of 69. e 111 Fourteen young were raised, but one nice brood of 18 was lost by accident when a few days old, but for which un- doubtedly as good a percentage would have been attained as with the native quail. Both old and young birds had practically the same conditions and feed as the native birds. The young were retained at the hatchery, none being distributed. The old birds took well to confinement, though they appeared to be more nervous when anyone was about the coops, jumping about instead of hid- ing as the native birds are inclined to do. They have the same calls and the bob- white whistle, are slightly smaller in size, not so much of a whir to their wings when starting, and have a distinct gray- ish cast to their whole plumage instead of |jthe more brownish of the native birds. This effect is readily noticed as a flock starts in the open. The Marshfield Bird Farm—On May 28 eight ‘Mexican bobwhite quail were received from the Sandwich Bird Farm. In a few days two of them had died. The remainder after being kept for a while, began to lay a few eggs and they were hatched out with the others. The young which hatched did not seem to have the vitality of the native stock and only a few reached maturity and were released with the rest of the young from lere.= mMhey" received the samecare as was given the native stock but did not seem to thrive well in this climate. The six adult birds were released with the rest of the native brood stock. Swinehoes. Game Breeder: Dear Sirs—Can you tell me what young Swinehoe pheasants should be fed on? I have been very successful in raising young Golden and Amherst pheasants (sometimes I have raised every one hatched out of a setting) but I have failed entirely on the Swinehoe. Some of the young Swinehoe lived two weeks, and would eat a meal worm oc- -casionally, also some bread soaked in milk, but I could see I did not have the 112 eralney WOO! wor Wem, IPllease welll sie what food is required for them. Yours truly, Delaware. WALTER J. WILLIS. [We have had no experience with Swine- hoes. We suggest that you write to our advertisers and ask if any special food is required. We cannot think so. The birds are pheasants and it seems to us that they should be fed as other aviary species are. When we don’t know anything we simply say so and tell readers where to get the best advice. Our advertisers certainly are success- ful.—-Editor. ] More Eggs. One of our readers says, “I have not had time to write as I should. I have just sold 1,500 ringneck eggs by tele- gram. I sold another order of 1,500 and numerous small orders for 800 eggs ; and I have set 2,500 myself. Next year | shall have about three times as many.” Who says the Hercules Powder Com- pany has not promoted the sale of cart- ridges? We are always glad to hear from readers. We seem to have mislaid a note from one who says he will have 50,000 eggs. We are a little curious to know which one of our readers produced the most eggs. We have several records of 25,000 and more and the best part of it is all of them sold all they wished to sell, being determined to have much larger breeding stocks next year than they had this season. Who says our dream about making America a big game producing country 1s not coming true? More Crows. A New England reader writes: “I found two nests with 11 and 12 eggs re- spectively completely cleaned out this im, Dy wae Crows, Wiere as aloe colony of them right off my enclosure and in an untenanted corner of a neigh- boring farm. Surely they are hard to deal with for although the “22” is work- ing overtime to a very good purpose and I have a few carcasses hung up for all to see as well as some poisoned eggs left out in the swamp, they are so bold they will rob the nests in spite of all.” THE GAME BREEDER Remedial. Try a Sauter decoy owl (see adver- tisement) and a Remington automatic scatter gun (see advertisement). We think it likely some of your neighbors will join and enjoy the “free shooting” at crows. You can help make them good soldiers for future wars although we hope there will be no more wars. Pheasants and Pigs. Areader: says: Bile jsecondnigiat after the keeper had placed the pheasant coops in the field with the 167 pheasants in them, some pigs which I keep broke down the fence which separated them from the pheasant field and killed 147 of the young birds. “Only 75 duck were hatched from 200 eggs and a proportion of 3714 per cent of fertile eggs is rather less than it should be.” Among the discouraging records which come from new places this is the first pig record. The pig is a dangerous animal. A little girl who wandered from the yard into a field where there were pigs was killed and partly devoured by the animals. A setter, which belonged to a friend of ours, who shot on the farm, made frantic efforts to induce the mother of the child to come out of the house, but when she followed him to the field it was too late. A bulldog probably would have handled the matter differ- ently. More Silkies. Many game breeders use silkies and all say they make excellent foster mothers. There seems to be a big de- mand for these birds. One of our read- ers who uses silkies writes: “Can you put me on trail of some more silkies ?: In my estimation and in opposition to the opinion of Mr. Lee S. Crandall, who is quoted as saying, ‘I am afraid the silky fowl is not very practicable as a foster mother because it is too small,’ the silkies are better foster mothers than | bantams, since they are very gentle, light and they can cover as many eggs as an TH GAME BREEDER ordinary hen. I had 19 silkie eggs under one of these birds and she hatched 14 eggs and reared the 14 chicks.” More About Democracy. A Connecticut reader say “no doubt the remarks about a wide open market, etc., and the undemocratic, unsocial and therefore dangerous management of game met your eye.” We read it all, and it amused us so much it occurred to us our readers should have it as they have in this issue. We are glad, especially glad to get all the hostile opinions we can. The sunlight of common sense shines so strongly now that there is no fear that trespass laws will be repealed. Since most of the farms are posted we can see no possible objection to indus- trious sportsmen opening them up for shooting, with their owners’ consent. They will shoot where now there is no shooting; they will leave the only free shooting there is at present for the ex- clusive use of the people who object to industry. If the sale of game be abso- lutely prohibited only people who can spend a lot of money can have the shoot- ing on the farms. If the sale of game be permitted the club dues can be small since the game will pay all or a good part of the expenses of the sportsmen who have intelligence enough to know why shooting has been prohibited by law and by posting and how to put an end to the necessary prohibition of field sports. If it is democratic to arrest men, women and children because they pro- duce food on the farms we are repub- licans If it is republican to arrest peo- ple for selling food produced by industry we are democrats. ‘We are quite sure the majority of intelligent Americans have about the same political views. Putting in the Pep. Mr. C. A. Benson writes: “You fel- lows are the ones who are putting pep into the business and it’s up to us fel- lows to help you along some. The Eu- ropean fracas all but demolished our game producing business from lack of 113 help and feed. Should any of you get away from home as far, as Oregon there is a little game farm there welcoming you. Let us know and we will chain the airedale.” Aviary Species at Shooting Clubs. We are glad to observe that many of the game shooting clubs and preserve owners are taking our advice to rear a few aviary species as a side line. The Long Island Association decided to try the Reeves pheasants. We shall not be surprised to hear that a few of the long- tails have been shot for a thanksgiving dinner. -If there should be enough of them we would favor teaching the peo- ple to eat them at the annual game din- ner of the society which is given to in- terest the people in the rare sport of game eating, warranted to be more in- teresting than a Pennsylvania campaign for six dozen new game laws. We prefer most of all the preserve which looks least like a preserve. The place where the game introduced is per- mitted to breed wild in the fields and woods and where the shooting is done under the most natural conditions. It is not an easy matter to turn down game birds with the hope that they will become established and will breed and become abundant. State game officers as well as individ- uals know that the losses are large of- ten, because vermin of many species is abundant. We are by no means opposed to inten- sive artificial breeding both on the game farms and ranches and on the club shoots. On the last named a large number of guns can have good shooting on a com- paratively small area since the abundant game going out from the rearing fields and pens will be plentiful in the fields. —__—_»—_____—_— Where many sportsmen (as many as the land can accommodate) arrange to 114 shoot on some of the farms now closed to sport, it must. be evident that they leave the free shooting for those who are not industrious. ————_o—__—_ Experience has proved over and over again that where the shooting is lively many birds go out and restock entire neighborhoods. The shoots or noisy refuges are far more beneficial than any quiet refuges are since far more game is produced on areas which are properly looked after than is produced on refuges where vermin checks the increase of the game. We have records of thousands of game birds being shot in a season in the vicinity of places where game was pro- duced abundantly. A Famous Booklet. Mr. Aldo Leopold says: “What are the Game Farmers?” Since the Hercules Powder Company started to adver- tise them two years ago, the country has had little opportunity to forget them. In general, the Game Farmers propose to supplement wild game with, or substitute for it, a supply pro- duced under artificially regulated conditions. Radical Game Farmers tend to regard restric- tive game laws as eventually hopeless and ineffective. The Hercules Powder Company, ob- serving that field sports rapidly were coming to an end, issued a little booklet suggesting methods for producing “more game.” Modesty prevents us from pass- ing on the merits of the now famous booklet, excepting to say that it contains a common sense view of the subject. The booklet was read by the sports- men of America and was universally ap- proved. Hercules Powder Company Advertis- ing. An advertising department is intended to back up the selling department. The salesmen, no doubt, reported no sales of cartridges possible for quail and grouse shooting in entire States. A manufac- turer of cartridges naturally would like to see something more than sentimental ramblers with the camera, and the Her- cules Powder Company, fully aware that there is plenty of room on the North THE GAME BREEDER American Continent for both field sports and sentimental ramblers, did a great public service in calling attention to the “more game and fewer game laws” idea. Already millions of game eggs and game birds of many species are pro- duced and the ratio of increase evidently is geometrical If North America quickly becomes the greatest game coun- try in the world, as it surely will, the advertising campaign will be regarded as one of the biggest and most valuable ever undertaken. Game farmers only regard the game laws as hopeless and ineffec- tive when they interfere with and pre- vent or prohibit game breeding. All that they have ever asked was that they be not applied to their industry. In State laws which formerly said, “the State owns the game,” we now often read, “excepting game privately owned and legally acquired,’ or words toy) that Yethecta. »Seen thes Newa or statute for illustration. Before the game breeders consented to the enactment of the migratory bird law, which was highly preventive in its terms, the bill was amended so as to read that “nothing in the act shall be construed to prevent the breeding of game on game farms and preserves and the sale of the game so bred in order to increase our food supply.” All of the people were represented in the Congress and it is fair to say that the people favored the more game idea advanced by The Game Breeder. There was some opposition. A statement ap- pears in the Congressional Record “that we don’t want any game preserves or the sale of game in America,” but The Game Breeder was cited to illustrate the big industry now conducted in the country; the Audubon Society (which undoubt- edly is as much in favor of camera hunters and sentimental ramblers as we are) favored the amendment and it be- came the national law. Congressmen and Senators, we are told, expressed sur- prise that there should be any opposition to a food producing industry. Surprise also was expressed at the size of the industry and a request was made that the evidence displayed by advertisements THE GAME BREEDER in The Game Breeder be made a part of the Congressional Record. The game breeders are heartily in favor of restrictive laws intended to save the game said to be owned by the State or Nation, but they are not in favor of applying the restrictions to game pro- duced by industry and owned by the pro- ducers. State game departments and all intelli- gent State officers are glad to see a big lot of game produced on the posted farms where no one could shoot. It is such areas that the game breeders seek to occupy. They are the most suitable for shooting. Grouse and Quail in Oregon. One of our Oregon readers writes, “I will not be able to get you any sharp- tailed grouse or eggs either. Grouse are becoming alarmingly scarce here, but a few years ago they were very plentiful. The country has been settled up pretty _ fast lately and much of the natural low- lands where the grouse once bred in large numbers has been cleared up for agri- cultural uses and the birds, driven from their natural haunts and relentlessly pun- ished by tin-horn sports.and other nat- ural enemies, have, in consequence, di- minished almost to the vanishing point. Our blue quail too, one of our beloved acquaintances, has followed the path of the grouse. “Bob whites alone are on the crease.” in- [It is evident in Oregon, as elsewhere that the upland game birds can not stand the sports and the other “natural enemies” pro- vided any shooting be permitted and no one is permitted to look after the natural foods and covers on some of the lands which are, “cleared up for agriculture.” We are glad to learn that bob white can survive as a song- bird in Oregon. We have never doubted that it is right and proper to put this bird on the song-bird list in places where is it a crime to profitably produce it for sport or for food. All we ask is that it be not regarded as a singer in places where those who prefer sport to game laws, keep it abundant, and shoot it properly every season. The game shooting clubs (many with very small dues) have plenty of quail every season in all of the free states where quail production is not a criminal performance.—Editor. | They are very friendly to the 115 Quail Breeders. The people who produce quail and grouse, on lands which they own, from stock birds legally procured undoubted- ly own the birds produced by their indus- try. We are glad to observe that these people are selling their quail and eggs (without interference) to other breeders who wish to produce quail. Laws in- tended to protect wild game, said to be owned by the state, evidently do not ap- ply to birds produced by industry and owned by game breeders. Some breed- ers soon will be prepared to sell quail to the state game officers who have been obliged to send their money to Mexico for quail. We doubt if a state depart- ment would survive if it made a prac- tice of arresting game breeders. It might as well raid hen roosts. Popular Game Preserving. The Game Conservation Society be- lieves that if one-half or even one-fourth of the farms which are now closed to all shooting can be utilized for sport all of the sportsmen in America will enjoy far better shooting than they now have. It is evident that the farmers who have posted their lands have no inten- tion of ever again opening them to the gunners. In entire states the farmers have favored the prohibition of quail shooting since they have observed that trespassérs do not heed the notices and persist in shooting without permission. Having been told that the quail are bene- ficial to agriculture they object to the kind of shooting which must result in the extermination of the quail. No upland game can stand the shooting of very small bags by a large number of guns without decreasing in numbers since it is a scientific fact well known that if we add to the checks to the increase of any species it rapidly will vanish and soon will become extinct. Our advice to the sportsmen who wish to preserve upland shooting is to form inexpensive game shooting clubs and to rent the shooting on some of the posted farms. We believe if the sportsmen will organize to secure more game in 116 this way they will find they can have good shooting under very natural condi- tions. More Law. A California senator writes to one of our readers: “In reply to yours of recent date rela- tive to the passage of a bill affecting the present game law, I beg to advise that there was a. bill in the senate last week which passed at first, but we discovered that it would affect the domestic raising of pheasants, and we thereupon moved for a re-consideration of the bill and had it re-considered and sent back to the committee from which it came, so as the matter stands at present there has been no change in the game law, and we will see that the present law is not amended.” American Game. Mr. Leopold’s idea that game farmers prefer pheasants is erroneous. He says: “Tf Chinese pheasant is cheaper and easier to raise than the American heath hen, then let the heath hen go hang.” Commercial game farmers. would be glad to sell heath hens, quail prairie grouse and other birds and their eggs. Sporting game breeders will pay even better prices for these than for the pheasant which does not lie well to the dog, The pheasant is considered the more expensive bird to rear. Quail can be produced much more cheaply than pheasants and we have no doubt the same is true of grouse, including the heath hen. Audubon says prairie grouse easily were produced. They were produced cheaply The reason why pheasants are being substituted for American game birds is that until recently it was illegal everywhere to trap American game birds for breeding purposes, to transport them and to sell the birds and eggs for breed- Ing purposes. It is evident if one product can be handled legally and another .cannot be that one will become abundant before the other. This has happened. Here again Mr. Leopold will observe that the “more game and fewer game > Cama [De ‘THE GAME BREEDER laws” movement started something quite worth while. Quail and quail eggs are now sold for breeding purposes and the grouse and grouse eggs soon will be. The large importations of quail from Mexico do not indicate that the game farmers or the sporting game breeders prefer pheasants. We know some who will not have pheasants at any price. There are some owners of American game birds who think the pheasants in- terfere with them. Freedom would seem to suggest that game farmers and sporting game breed- ers should be permitted to make the American game birds abundant. There no doubt that American game farmers and sportsmen are not opposed to breeding and selling quail and we never heard of one who wished to “hang” the heath hen. The heath hen and the grouse will bring splendid prices and it is quite certain that the breeders must have some birds to lay eggs for them before they can make these birds as abundant as the pheasants are. Mr. Leopold’s idea that the game farmers are prejudiced against heath hens, quail and grouse is erroneous. Mr. Leopold’s idea that there is a controversy surely is erroneous. We probably may have caused him to think there was when we made some playful remarks about “our enemies are publish- ing a monthly magazine,” but our read- ers called for more practical articles about game breeding and soon ceased to be amused at what Mr. Leopold thinks was a controversy. The matter was for- gotten long ago. We are for camera hunting and everything sentimental. We are for free shooting, refuges, quiet and noisy, and for all attempts to produce “more game” and to reduce the appalling output of “more game laws.” We never should be called enemies of common sense since that is what we advocate. CORRESPONDENCE A New Member. Game Breeders’ Gazette: Dear Sirs—I hear that there is a game THE GAME BREEDER breeders’. gazette What is the annual subscription rate for Canada? Have you any back samples containing articles on water fowl such as teal, widgeon, duck, geese and swan breeding? I have the best collection of water fowl in Canada. I will call on you when next in New York. I have had a lot of experience in vermin destruction At present I have quite a puzzle to solve as two of my white swans have died within a week and one of my blacks has mys- teriously disappeared. I am a member of the Waterfowl Club of Canada, also a member of the Northern Nut Growers Association. My present hobby is to try and breed whistler swans, and later on a cross between whooper and whist- lers, should I succeed in the first in- stance. It may take years and lots of waiting, but I can watch a hickory grow. I have 17 acres of a most beautiful valley in a lonely place close to Toronto. A clear continuous running creek flows through the center of the valley and woods crest the hillsides. It is pro- tected from the north and northwest winds and exposed to the winter sun. G. H. Corsan. Editor, Game Breeder. I will be glad to pay the express charge on any shipment you may send me of game bird eggs that are not suit- able for hatching. I should be able to recognize the Gambels when I see them, but may not know the other species un- less some memorandum is also enclosed > to let me know what they are. EX might be marked on a few eggs, and on a memorandum opposite 1 name the bird it represents, a 2 on a few others. etc. Pennsylvania. On Bs IK, Thousands More. Editor, Game Breeder. I have sold all of my surplus stock of pheasants for this season. There was an immense demand for live pheasants and I could have sold thousands more of them if I only had them. There’s cer- tainly a great future for pheasants in our country. C. W. SIEGER. 117 The Game Conservation Society, Inc. I received The Game Breeder today and immediately got very much interest- ed im it. It sure is the best magazine published on the subject I like to think of most: breeding animals, pheasants and ducks. Keep up the good work and the fight for better game laws in New York. Yours for more game, New York. Roe Wie IP OUTINGS AND INNINGS. No Hitch. From the Hot Springs Thomas Cat. Bert Hall, who came in from Peavine Ridge Saturday, reports that the Ander- son wedding went off without a hitch Thursday night. Groom didn’t show up. Kentucky Hospitality. A Kentucky farmer is reported in the Angler & Huntsman to have posted his farm with the following notice to tres- passers: Hunters take Notice: Hunt all you durn please and when you hear the horn blow, come to the house for dinner. If you accidentally kill a cow, skin her and hang the hide in the barn. If the quail are scarce, kill a chicken or two, and if you can’t get any squirrels kill a hog. The Better Way. From the Baltimore American. One way to get the old job back is to marry the girl that has it. [After you do so, fire the old job. Get some land from Uncle Sam and start a game farm.—Editor. | Narrow Confines. Hibbs—Rover never runs to the door to meet me any more, wagging his tail. Mrs. Hibbs—I know he’d like to, dear, but in this flat there isn’t room for him to wag it. [Tell the dog to wag his tail up and down instead of sideways. All the dogs in the Harlem flats have learned to do this.— Editor. ] 118 The Game Breeder PuBLisHED MoNnTHLY Enitep By DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, JULY, 1919. TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. To All ForeignCountries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntinerton, President, F. R. Perxotto, Treasurer, J. C. Huntineton, Secretary. E, Dayton, Advertising Manager. Telephone, Beekman 3685. DEATH OF A BENEFICIAL. When a “beneficial” red-shouldered hawk takes “a perfectly healthy female brook trout 13 inches long,’ as reported in the Massachusetts annual report, it would seem that he had acquired a per- verted appetite and that the death pen- alty was properly imposed. In the case reported, however, it seems that the trout was discovered after the penalty was inflicted and that the culprit was shot on suspicion, as it were. However, we all learned something from the event and even if the red-shoulder is a pro- tected species—‘“‘the king can do no wrong,’ and the killing was a state af- fair, and besides it seems sort of mean in the hawk to take a female brook trout. WE’RE ALL DOING IT. “There is a nationwide determination that something must be done,” says Mr. Leopold. Game breeders everywhere are doing it on a large scale. State game officers also are doing it. They are purchasing thousands of game birds and game eggs from game breeders. They are controlling a lot of vermin on the farms where they produce “more game.” The record of forty pheasants taken in ‘tivity. THE GAME BREEDER one night by the “beneficial skunks” at a Massachusetts game farm lends em- phasis to the idea that “something must be done.” Something, no doubt, was done to the skunks. A record of 147 pheasants eaten by pigs at a meal also suggests a new ac- There are many interesting things which must be done. One reason why game breeding is so interesting to thousands of people is the numerous unusual things which must be done. Owen Jones, an Oxford graduate, who says he was destined for the church but decided to become a game keeper, says he found many interesting things to be done; he found the control of vermin good sport. “We're all doing it,” and none of us are rueing it. RULES OF THE TRADE. As the game breeding industry has become a big one trade rules and cus- toms are beginning to be considered and discussed. Numerous interesting prop- ositions are put to The Game Breeder. It is a well established rule with most game farmers that the cash must accom- pany the order for game birds and quad- rupeds and eggs. The shipping usually is at the risk of the purchaser. Often an extra charge is made for the guar- antee of live arrival. Many of the controversies relate to the fertility of eggs and breakage due to bad packing. A vety large number of cases have been handled by the game guild this year. When the eggs are re- ceived by a capable gamekeeper or an expert game farmer the fertility is easily ascertained, and in many cases satisfac- tory settlements have been made. In one case the eggs were very bad and blew up when placed in an incubator. The shipper made a settlement. The dealings of game farmers with each other has been discussed in our mail and our opinion has been asked about the proper prices in such cases. In most industries where one dealer buys from another in order to re-sell a THE GAME BREEDER discount is made from the market price to enable the purchaser to sell at a profit. When one publisher, for example, pur- chases books from another he gets the trade discount always; and so it is, we believe, in most business transactions of this character. Some game farmers we know make a special price to dealers and this amicable rule always should prevail. It is more important that the dealers in the game breeding industry should help each other and be on the most friendly terms than it is in any other industry. The trade is much hampered by restric- tive laws, some of which are reasonable, but there have been entirely too many . cases where ignorant game wardens have acted as if they were sure the state owned all the game and that they were the state. Some of the more outrageous performances have been reported and discussed in The Game Breeder. The society has defended some cases and has brought others to an end by correspond- ence, or by giving publicity to the out- rage. Our advice to the game farmers and sporting breeders is to stick well together and to act on the most friendly terms, giving trade discounts always when deal- ing with other dealers. will grow so rapidly that all will be bene- fitted. Competition is the life of trade and friendly dealing is its twin brother. PECULIAR IDEAS OF DEMO- CRACY. Mr. Leopold says the European sys- tem of game management is undemocra- tic, unsocial and therefore dangerous. He admits that it is a fact that in Amer- ica “the posting of farm lands, theories of democracy to the contrary notwith- standing, is in some places fast render- ing free hunting a thing of the past.” This is a fact and not a theory and we must face it as such, he says. We have long known the reason why upland field shooting rapidly was coming to an end. The farms are the best places for quail, grouse and pheas- ants, and (some of them) for ducks, The industry 119 woodcock and snipe, all of which re- spond to proper care. Mr. Leopold sees that the posting of the lands by farmers makes it impossi- sible for state game departments to carry out his idea of free shooting. It is pe- culiar to say that democracy vanishes when a farmer refuses to allow all tres- passers to shoot up his place. It is peculiar to say that a farmer should not have the right profitably to produce any plant or animal on his farm. There are more people in America who may be heard to say that no one should shoot for the pleasure of shoot- ing than there are who will say that the farms must be thrown open to trespass- ers and that the farmer must be arrested if he produces and sells food. Mr. Leopold jumps at the conclusion that the game farmers are opposed to restrictive game laws which certainly limit the freedom of shooters. We are quite sure there is no opposition to re- strictions and we deplore the fact that they must be increased to supplement the posting of the farms by their owners. All that we have ever asked is that the restrictions be not applied to producers; that the people be not arrested for food production. Our sympathies are with the poorer classes (this is where we re- side ) who should have game and shoot- ing if they wish to do so ~and who should sell some game to help. pay their ex- penses if necessary. Our ideas of democracy are different from those of Mr. Leopold. We do not think that true democracy demands that the people must be arrested if they have game birds or eggs in their possession for food—or even for sport-producing purposes. We do not believe that true democracy demands that the farms be thrown open to trespassers with the hope that they will only destroy the game and will not shoot farm animals or steal melons. As to “sociability,” referred to by Mr. Leopold, we have had some very socia- ble times when shooting with market’ gunners; we have had some very socia- ble times when shooting with people who have organized game shooting clubs and 120 who look after the wild breeding game sufficiently to keep it abundant every sea- son. We fail to see anything undemo- cratic in their paying the farmers-a few cents per acre or the amount of their taxes for the privilege of turning down game on farms where there was none and where they enjoy good _ shooting. The restoration of free. shooting would again close the farms to all gunners and result in laws putting the quail on the song bird list. If these remedies be not appiied the game would again become ex- tinct. The most important matters over- looked by Mr. Leopold are: (1) That free shooting without some production means extermination; (2) that there are vast areas in America which are game- less and a small portion of the posted farms alone can be made to provide shooting for all who are industrious; (3) the sale of some of the game produced will make it possible for sportsmen of small means to have good shooting where there is none today; (4) the area of the United States is larger than the area of more populous countries where all classes, including market gunners, shoot ; (5) our laws of entailment and primo- geniture prevent the entailment and per- petuation of estates in families; (6) it is legal to drain vast areas and put an end to duck shooting. It is legal to estab- lish large cattle and sheep ranches and dairies which exterminate game. It is legal to create bonanza wheat farms and by plowing a vast area at a time to ex- terminate the prairie grouse and quail. It should be legal for sportsmen who wish to do so to combine and share the expense of saving some of the areas re- ferred to for sport. It seems peculiar to insist that democ- racy requires that the industrious should be put out of business by small sporting _ politicians who are unwilling to proper- ly look after game on the places now closed to shooting. Intelligent sportsmen concede the de- sirability, of trespass laws and rapidly many of them are making terms with the farmers under which they have inexpen- sive shooting. THE GAME BREEDER We join Mr. Leopold in urging the states to provide big parks for indigent gunners. New York has very big ones. ‘There is plenty of land. Grouse Wanted. The Game Breeder: In the February number of The Game Breeder you state in an article on “What Grouse Owners Should Do” that you are willing to assist anyone in getting a start with grouse. Can you refer me to someone of whom I can buy eggs or stock of ruffed prairie or sharp-tailed or any variety of grouse? If you can I will appreciate it very much. ‘Trusting to hear from you, and hoping to see you keep your good little paper on deck, I am, yours truly, J. Mizes Rosinson, U. S. Dep. Game Warden. Nebraska. [We were told by the U. S. Biological Survey that the State Game Commission of Nebraska possibly would issue permits to take grouse and eggs for breeding purposes. We suggest that you apply to George G. Koster, Chief Deputy, Lincoln, Nebraska, stating just what you want and what you propose to do. You might try, also, E. C. Hinchaw, State Fish and Game Warden for lowa, whose ad- dress is Spirit Lake, Iowa. We hope you will report the results promptly to The Game Breeder. We are expecting daily to receive a few grouse from another state and. later some eggs, but we have long ceased to count this class of chickens until they are hatched when we will give publicity to the result and proper credit to those who perform a great public service. We are glad to learn that you evidently agree with us that is is time to save the grouse from extinction and to restore grouse shooting by practical game breeding methods. Write to the U. S. Biological Sur- vey, Washington, D. C., for additional advice about procuring grouse. Dr. Fisher, of the Survey, read a paper on “A Plea for the Breedine of American Grouse” at a Protective Society meeting and of course should know where to get birds and eggs for the purpose. We wil! tell you how to breed grouse when you get stock birds.—Editior. | The country is so big there is plenty of room for all kinds of shooting. All that is needed is “more game,’ and the permission of the farmers for orderly shooting. THE GAME BREEDER 121 ze) INLNYNG WIZ NN VALINZANY er Ie US" Zi ease ys Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants WRITE FOR PRICES we WAY SS ™ QI yEX Wr Oe R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE ~ Member of the Game Guild We Furnish Eggs in Season e wy INTELL SZ F.B. DUSETTE & SONS’ GAME RANCH BAD AXE, MICH. BREEDERS OF Pure Wild Mallards, Black Ducks, Wild Turkeys and Bob White Quail SS Our game is grown on our 240-Acre Ranch, with natural feed on our Several Lakes, which makes our stock very attractive for Breeders, Shooting Clubs and Preserve Owners at a minimum price. Our birds comply with the Federal regulations which permit shooting and sale. Contracts Now Open for August and September No Eggs for Sale This Season F. B. DUSETTE & SONS, BAD AXE, MICH. 122 THE GAME BREEDER FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable “RIOT ”’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bowl Field, New Haven, Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Yale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, tennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE SuiteA JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N. ¥. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. Member of ‘The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders Society. BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by America’ {S , the Author ; Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc., Dog Medicines] 118 West 31st Street, New York FREE FOUNDATION STOCK | | The Breer an Fanci News furnished to raise Rabbits, Cavies or devoted to the breeding and marketing of ducks F . . geese, turkeys (including the wild varieties), rab- Pigeons. Send dime for particulars and bits, cavies, pigeons, etc. Organ of the American paper. Buttercup Club, and Waterfowl Club of America. Interesting and instructive articles by able writers. THE HONEYSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY Best for Home and Market The bushes make good cover for game. Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Price Lists Free. A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. Young’s Tanning Compound, easily applied to any skin, large can $1.00, trial can 50c. Tattoo Ear 50c a Year, 3 Years for $1.00 Marker aay ae ae pb bet dozens AGIDSORE Canada 75c a Year, 3 Years $1.75 wonderfu abbit Book $1 avy Book 50c ; ; ; ; i Squab Culture, a recognized authority on raising UTIL EMA OFAC ND Us SiS) AO REOS hI AS pigeons for profit, $1.00. AD. RATES: 75c an inch, or for 3 months or more NATIONA at rate of 65c an net Classified, 2c a word. ress L FANCIER & BREEDER BREEDERS’ AND FANCIERS’ NEWS 335 South East Avenue, Oak Park, Ill. 1558 Dickson Ave., Scranton, Pa. [In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your. letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER | 123 Galvanized STEEL WIRE NETTING for Game Farms and Preserves We are prepared to quote lowest prices for all widths up to 72 inches from % to 2 inch mesh and No. 14 to 20 gauge. We can guarantee prompt deliv- ery to any point. If you are going to start a game ranch, farm or preserve this year or contemplate enlarging your old one, get our prices before placing your order elsewhere. Price list on application. HAVERSTICK & COMPANY, Inc. Trenton, New Jersey. THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS of BERRY, KENTUCKY offer for sale, Setters and Pointers, Fox and Cat Hounds, Wolf and Deer Hounds, Coon and Opossum Hounds, Varmint and Rabbit Hounds, Bear and Lion Hounds, also Airedale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Sixty-eight page, highly illustrated, instructive, and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin. WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. We have the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the shooting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.” 124 THE GAME BREEDER | WILD DUCKS AND WILD GEESE It Is Now Legal to Trap Wild Fowl for Breeding Purposes Write to The Biological Survey, Washington, D. C., for information about Trapping Permits The book, OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS, written by the Editor of The Game Breeder, contains full information about the trapping of wild fowl and how to rear the birds for profit’ and for sport. There are chapters on How to Form Shooting Clubs; How to Control the Enemies of Wild Fowl, etc. Fully illustrated with pictures of ducks on preserves, etc. | PRICE, $2.00 POSTPAID THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., NEW YORK Decoy Owls for Crow and Hawk Shooting Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring Fred Sauter Leading Taxidermist of America PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only 42 Bleecker Street New York City paper of its kind in the world. Corner Lafayette Street Subway Station at the Door SAMPLE COPY FREE. i LACeR Subscription $1.50 per year. Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE 15 Whitehall Street, New York Write for Ilfustrated Catalogue In writing to advertisers pleas= mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER We Are Now Booking Orders for Fggs for Spring Delivery from the following vari- eties of pheasants : Silver, Golden. Ringneck, Lady Amherst, Formosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor. Impeyan, Soem- merring, Manchurian Eared, Melanotus, Black- throated Golden, Lineated and Prince of Wales. Also Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Long- tails, and Mallard Ducks. S. C. Buff Orping- ton and R. I. Red fowls. We also offer for sale five varieties of Peafowl. Also Crane, Swan and Fancy Ducks, Doves of several varieties. Deer. Jack Rabbits Fad PURE BRED WILD.TURKEY; Send $1.00 in stamps for Colortvpe Catalogue CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society 125 TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY CHINESE PHEASANT EGGS, $3.00 A DOZEN. CAN use tame squirrel and Hungarian Partridge Eggs. P W. SCHWEHM, 4219 4th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Wash- ington. 2t PHEASANTS WANTED I will buy ringnecked pheasants regardless of sex at long as they are strong, healthy birds, large and no over two years old. Will purchase small or large nUm- bers for cash. Reference by permission to the Game Breeder. ROBT. BOWMAN, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. BANTAMS --GOOD GENTLE BIRDS SUITABLE for quail and pheasant breeding JOHN E, DARBY, Prop., Maplehurst Poultry Farm, Croswell, Michigan. BANTAMS--WILBERT’S FAMOUS BANTAMS, Forty varieties. Shipped on approval. Catalog 3¢. F. C. WILBERT, Grand Rapids, Michigan. WANTED Twenty-Five Sportsmen to join me in an exclusive hunting and fishing club. Property in Orange and Sullivan Counties, N. Y., adjoin- ing the Hartwood Club, the Merrie- wold Club and the famous Chester W. Chapin game preserve. For par- ticulars, apply to J.S. HOLDEN, PORT JERVIS, N.Y. FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Grand Island Erie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild DOGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky, THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky.» ofter forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, Subscribe for The Game Breeder, only » $1 a year. EGGS TWO THOUSAND PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. Pure Chinese, $3.50 per dozen, Ringnecks, Golden, Silver and Mallard Duck, $3.00 per dozen, $20.00 per hundred. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, Manzanita, Oregon, 4t RINGNECK PHEASANT EGGS. FOR SALE. $25.00 per 100. Golden Pheasant Eggs, 60c. each. Day old Pheasants, 60c. each. Booking orders now. Mrs. EDGAR TILTON, Suffern, N. Y. SL STOCK AND EGGS OF RINGNECKS, LADY Amherst, Golden and Silver Pheasants. Wild strain Mallards, Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams. “*Ringlet’’ Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens Peafowl. eS IVER CHRISTENSON, Jamestown, Kansas. 0.1. . 6t In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” 126 THE GAME BREEDER > Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Record. S8litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and FlemishHares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH Onawa - Maine Member of the Game Guild. PHEASANT EGGS AND PHEASANTS Pheasant eggs for sale up to May 15, $25.00 per hundred. 110 eggs sent for cash with order after May 15, $20 per 110 eggs. Pheasants for Sep- tember and October delivery. Write for prices. GEORGE BEAL, Levana Game Farm, R No. 1, Englishtown, New Jersey. LIVE GAME,°ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, Quail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and geese. Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas Mallard-Pintail DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids 9 Fe 7 = = =) These ducks are reared on free range |-—~ Sees ey | especiallyfor shooting and for decoys. }— =, —__ They are strong on the wing. egg producers under control Price $3.50 per pair; $1.75 each ALBERT F. HOLMES 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Eggs inseason. Amhersfs, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN POULTRY FARM Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey : Member of the Game DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob White Quail San Antonio, Texas. : Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. Member of the Game Guild. SEA CLIFF PHEASANTRY yy — We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- - ants and cranes, also white, Javaand black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for | & sale. Write for prices and particu- |\.; lars. EM BALDWIN PALMER We \ Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N. Y. PAS : Member of the Game Guild. 6t . PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS White Guineas and White Cochin Bantams Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois Pearl WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks is fully described in the illustrated book, ‘Our Wild Fowland Waders, ’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York (n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘Yours for More Game.’ ‘THE GAME BREEDER GAME BIRDS All American game birds are fully described in the illustrated book, ““Our Feathered Game,’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION : SOCIETY 150 Nassau St.,- New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. 127 WANTED—PAIR OF RED-FOX PUPS, MALE AND female. Z,. TED De&KALMAR, R. F. D.30, Stam- ford, Conn, A MILLION FOOD RABBITS WANTED—WE CAN sell a million food Rabbits every month right here in Chicago and pay you 17¢ a pound live weight,and all who have wearied of gambling in Rabbits a'd raising them merely for pets when the whole world is clamoring for food should turn in and help raise the Rabbits for us Send for full particulars in the July. August and Septem- ber issues of the RABBIT MAGAZINE, OAK PARK, ILLINOIS. Only 25¢ for the three months (none free) Do not miss this wonderful opportunity. OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS Is a practical book on the breeding of Wild Ducks and the proper management of Waders. PRICE $2.00 POSTPAID. THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5.cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street EGGS FOR HATCHING—PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch. Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, North Carolina, 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws. JOHN E. PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario. 12t FOX AND MINH WANTED Wanted—Pair red fox pups; also breeders; pair mink and marten R. H. BARKER, 2034 East Fourth St., Cleveland, Ohio. 1t LIVE GAME AMHERST, REEVES, SILVER AND MONGOLIAN Pheasant eggs $5.00 a dozen, two dozen, $9.00. Chinese Ringnecks, $3.50 a dozen, $25.00 a hundred. Mongolians, #35.00a hundred ‘Pheasant Farming,”’ illustrated, 50c. SIMPSON’S PHEASANT FARM, Corvallis, Oregon. at WANTED TO BUY ........... PHEASANTS. I WANT Silvers. Lady Amherst. Golden and Reeves. Quote Prices, Ages, and Quantity. Morgan’s. Phsntry, 244 E. 61st St., Los Angeles, Cal. “WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t GOLDEN PHEASANT EGGS FOR HATCHING. fifty cents a piece. FOXHOLLOW FARM, Rhine- beck, New York. ; it PHEASANTS AND EGGS FOR SALE, GOLDENS Lady Amhersts, Versicolors, Mancnurian Earea, Gold, en Eggs $5.00, and Lady Amberst $7.00 per dozea- ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 2t New York City RAISE SILVER FOXES. NEW SYNDICATE JUST started. New plan. Not much money needed, Your location will not interfere, Particulars free. C. T. DRYZ, 5244 South Maplewood Ave., Chicago, Illinois. GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season. Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (sot) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. BELGIAN HARES—GET YOUR BREEDERS FROM me, pedigreed and utility matured and young stock for sale, best grade stock. State wants fully, no catalog ROSEDALE RABBITRY,“ Reliable Rabbit Raiser,” 730 College Ave., Rosedale, Kansas. FOR SALE—PHEASANTS, PEA FOWL, PIGEONS, Poultry, Bantams and Pit Games Eggs from the above stock for sale. Rabbits, Cavies, Squirrels, fur bearing animals, etc. I buy, sell and exchange. L. L KIRKPATRICK, Box 2738, Bristol, Tenn. WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX Pied Peafow], Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling, Ky. Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT, MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. Ql In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.’” 128 THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates Conservation promptly The Game complaints and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. part due to shipments of eggs. seller and purchaser. he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. FIVE VARIETIES OF PHEASANTS, WILD DUCKS. Wild Geese, Brants. Wild Turkeys and other Game, List for stamp. G. H HARRIS, Taylorville, Illinois. 4t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS geese or pheasants. 15 pair cf 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games, Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds. Genuine pit birds Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED, J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. 2t WILD TURKEYS FOR SALE. LARGE, HARDY specimens, Satisfaction guaranteed. LEWIS COMPTON, Dias Creek, New Jersey. 2t HAVE SIX MALE CANVASBACKS FOR SALE, $10.00 each or will exchange for wood duck pairs. These are hand raised from pure wild stock, Havea few canvasback eggs for sale, $12.00 per dozen. A. WOLFE, 9848 76th Ave., Edmonton, S., Alberta, Canada 1t THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE, THE: GREATEST rabbit for flesh and fur in the world. Send for full information and price list, SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t EGGS PHEASANT EGGS—RINGNECK, $2.50 PER 13. Wild Mallard Eggs. $1.50 per11. JOHN SAMMONS, Yankton, South Dakota. at GOLDEN PHEASANT EGGS, $5.00 per dozen, Cash with order. F. W. DANE, Oshkosh, Wisconsin, 3t PURE BRED WILD DUCK EGGS FOR SALE-- From my New, Jersey farm, pure bred, light gray wild mallard duck eggs, Stock strong on wing. $3.50 per 13: $25.00 per 100. H. W. VAN ALEN, 215 Montague St,, Brooklyn, N. Y. at FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed. Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it, WHITE'S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound, IF YOU WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL IN RAISING a high per cent of your baby birds—quail, pheasants, wild turkeys, etc., feed them MEAL WORMS,a choice, clean, insect food. 500, $1.00; 1,000, $1.50; 5.000, $5.00. Express prepaid. See last year s advertisements in April, June and August numbers, C. R. KERN, Mount Jov, Pennsylvania, 2e GAMEKEEPERS GAMEKEEPER AT LIBERTY. RELIABLE, WANTS position on club preserve or game farm, Experienced on game and ornamental birds or animals, gun dogs and extermination of vermin. MILTON, in care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St,, New York. 6t WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin. A S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. WANTED, SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. careof THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country, M. J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- - iar with pheasant and poultry rearing. I have also had experience in general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, 6t WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER, THOR- oughly experienced in rearing Pheasants, Wild Turkeys and Wild Ducks. Good references. GAMEKEEPER, 463 East 57th St., N. Y. C. xt WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER WITH a game shooting club or preserve owner, Experienced in breeaing all species of game, dog breaking and the control of vermin. Good reterences. WM. J. STRANG, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. MISCELLANEOUS YOUNG MAN, RETURNED FROM FOREIGN service. General knowledge of game breeding and farming. Exceptional dairy experience. Thoroughly experienced in handling pedigreed horses, cattle and sheep. Best reference. Availabl e right away. 4 TYLER, care cf THOMAS MacINTYRE, 9129 121st Street, Richmond Hill, Long Island, N. Y. BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE —Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mon7zolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady AmHersts, Reeves, Swinhoes. Melanotus, Japanese Versicolors, Manchurian Eared, ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ont,, Can. “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK _published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c. postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Excellent references. Age 36, married. W. E. B.. care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of six or eight rooms and land suit- able for farming. State acreage, location, price and terms. B, J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. WANTED TO RENT, WITH PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with good buildings. Place must have a small pond or stream suitable for ducks. GAME PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” Se Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species _NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. = Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 &1000 I am prepared to fill the largest ordees for Pheasants ind Eggs, and for years I have filled practieally all of -he large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood Duck. Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and all other water fowl. Now is the Time to Buy Wild Turkey Eggs Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. 1 carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 best Royal Swans of England. I have rine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large European PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have 60 acres of tand entirely devoted to my business. Can also promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS, RABBITS, etc. Orders booked during summer. I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so. Your visit solicited. T am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelphia. WM. J. MACKENSEN Department V. j YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. p Member of The Game Guild Game Farm or Preserve A large tract of land suitable for a game farm or preserve is offered for sale at an attractive price. The land is near New York on a good Automobile Road and contains a large pond and stream. There are some trout and the waters can be made to yield large numbers of these fish. The land is suitable for deer, upland game and wild ducks. I shall be pleased to show this property to anyone wishing to start a game farm or preserve, The place is within fifty miles of the City and can be reached by Automobile in an hour and a half. For particulars address, OWNER Care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York ©° Per Year | Single Copies 1 (Saes TOS BaEHear arasesng ww il ii arbi Per ear be tate mble Copies 100. tr — AUGUST, 1919 THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD CONTENTS The Farmer and the Law—Death of a Game Farm—Various Opinions—Wild Ducks—Too Much Publicity—Private Breeders Succeed—The Wrong Remedy—Many Breeders in California— Safe Arrival of Canvas Backs—Free Shooting—Shooting Hotels —Another Excellent Plan—An Important Matter—Good Advice —Expensive Game. Game Farms and Preserves - Theodore Rouault, Jr. Land For Returning Soldiers - - - - F, W. Wilson The 10th Cat and Three Broods of Quail - By the Editor Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves’ - By Our Readers King Birds—A Call for Notes—Market Prices—New Cus- tomers—Buckwheat—Long Island Quail— Deer Shooting— Quail Eggs Profitable—The Breeding Season—Casualties— Wild Ducks — Quail — Pheasants — Wild Breeding Quail — Cheap. Shooting —New Places—Good Purchasers — Chicks Hatched by Steam —Trying It Out — A Contract—Sports- men Buy Adirondack Preserve — Quail and Pheasants — Bounty Figures—Migratory Bird Law Constitutional—Sage — Cock—The Dove—Correspondence—Prizes. Outings and Innings, Trade Notes. Editorials—Rapid Growth of the Industry —More About Cider —Chances About Even—The State and Game Farmers’ Game— Prize Letters Wanted. Ds ) fal aM nM. fl il Ay” ) f\ we Dal A IN WV ill é hati dA AD uf Troy hl. Daft D ot fall 2 ; Pye hl | { ih. ili i Published Monthly. Hntered as second-class matter, July 4, 1915, at the Post Oifice, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1879. lla mils fil tT] (oeobeomeh = (= r Alea : alll [Cian A Tt Ihe A Dog Food That Is All Food Made of the finest quality and most nourishing in- gredients only—including Meat Fibrine—SPRATT’S Dog Cakes and Puppy Biscuits are to-day, as during the last 50 years, recog- nized by dog lovers as the standard food that maintains dogs in perfect health and strength. ; Spratt’s Biscuits do not contain added sugar or chemicals, which are frequently introduced - to make inferior foods attractive. “Spratt’s Dog Culture” illustrates and describes : Gi Leah) the food for YOUR dog. \ TM, Write for a copy (stating breed). SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED, Newark, N. J. San Francisco, Calif. — St. Louis, Mo. — Cleveland, Ohio. FACAORY ALSO IN LONDON, ENGLAND. Look for the Trade Mark ‘‘X’’ on every Biscuit. eee cae IDEAL PREMIER TARGET ire OU Remipgton ARROW NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE SUPERIOR GRADE (igsBLAck SHELLS AJAX CLIMAX Neern FIELD RECORD VIN CHESTER REPEATER LEADER INFALLIBLE 6 99 THE GAME BREEDER 129 Bunch Your Hits! Give your gun a chance to show what it can do! Don’t be satished with an average score at the traps —or a hit-or-miss day in the field. Bunch your hits and keep *em bunched by shooting shells loaded with Infallible or ““E. C.”’ You can shoot these powders in your favorite shell, for any one of the 14 standard brands listed at the left can be bought loaded with HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS INFALLIBLE a Ow ‘These powders never vary. They will always burn free and clean, give high velocity with light recoil and uniformly even patterns. The next time you buy loaded shells insist that they be loaded with a Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powder. Look on the end of the box or on the top wad of the shell for the name Infallible or ““E. C.”’ HERCULES POWDER CO. . 61 West 10th Street Wilmington hf 130 THE GAME BREEDER Let your trap gun purchase be a PARKER. Be one of the thousands of satisfied PARKER Gun users. PARKER Guns are made by gun experts. The purchaser of a PARKER Gun receives in good sub- stantial gun value, the benefits of experience in gun manufacturing of over 50 years. " Once Hon neve CO a On will never SS e satisfied with anything but the 4 Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not PAR K ER BROS. now? : Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street Mallards, Teal, Quail ana Japaneses-silkies Pure-bred Birds Raised Under Semi-Natural Conditions Z. TED DeKALMAR, R. F. D. No. 30, Stamford, Conn. STATE GAME LICENSE No 123. FEDERAL: PERMIT No. 1. MARMOT PHEASANTRY BREEDERS OF Pheasants, Peafowl, Waterfowl, Quail, Ornamental Birds, Utility Fiemish Giant and New Zealand Red Rabbits, etc. If States, Preserves and Hunting Clubs will place their orders for next season before shipping time this year we will supply early hatched birds and early eggs in any quantity desired. As we were compelled to refuse orders for thousands of both birds and eggs this year, we advise placing your order as soon as possible. We can ship safely any place in the United States. Correspondence solicited. MARMOT PHEASANTRY, MARMOT, OREGON In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your ‘etters: ‘““Yours for More Game.”~ THE GAME BREEDER 131 li" ii) Wanl . i MOH Soy Ei LOCKS Wo NN ESSN 2 Wa Ue Va Nii A Ain = i i Sport That Thrills The scurry of quail in the thicket is music to the sportsman’s ear. A shot at a mallard is worth hours of waiting. But right here at home there's a sport with a thousand thrills—all yours for the seeking. Go out to your local club today and try TRAPSHOOTING n= Hundreds of gamey clay’ “birds” await your call. Each one a tantalizer—hurling away through the summer’s air at express-train speed —dipping, dodging in ever-changing, mystifying angles. melt Hil CC Wh i" ttl A few seconds to judge—a snap decision. Bang! goes your gun! Man, there are your thrills—and’as fast as you care to take them. There is only one thing faster and that is SMOKELESS SHOTGUN POWDERS a —good, old reliable time-proved powders. The choice of the Nation’s crack shots. Look for the brand names, Dupont, Ballistite or Schultze on the shell box when you purchase. AA Write today for our free book “The Sport Alluring” and the name of your vy HC Pal nearest gun club, Sporting Powder Division E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. Wilmingtor, Delaware. Timm COU PON lh ue iM OO cl el uM ToT | fiw a il nl 132 . THE GAME BREEDER No. 2 American Sportsmen Series. Painted for Remington UMC by F. X. Leyendecker The Test of ey l THE man behind America s practical idealism knows how to appreciate service. He has specialized init. That is why there is now such great demand for first completely waterproof. tro Club” Smokeless Steel Lined Speed Without additional cost to you they are derful Wetproof process, invented and de Remington UMCG W etproof Shot Shells, the Just buy the same Remington UMC “Arrow or “INI Shells you have so long depended on for shooting right. now exclusively protected against wet by the won veloped by Remington UMC during the war. No matter how exposed to wet, in body, crimp and to when fresh from the loading machine. W ork them t same superior pattern and velocity for which Remingto Sold by your local dealer—one oO £ more than 82,700 Remington UMC merchants in this country. Service p wad they will stay firm and smooth ag hrough your modern Remington UMG . Autoloading or Pump Gun and they will slide just as smoothly and fire as surely and with the | n UMC Speed Shells are famous. THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World WOOLWORTH BUILDING New York “The Game Breeder VOLUME XV AUGUST, 1919 NUMBER 5 Co) SURVEY OF THE FIELD. The Farmer and the Law. Farmers’ organizations that attempt a co-operative business face uncertainty as to where they will stand under national and state anti-trust acts. In several states one bureau is urging the organiza- tion of co-operative associations while another department is threatening to out- law these combinations as being a re- straint to trade. In New York, for in- stance, the Bureau of Markets encour- ages farmers to co-operate while at the same time the dairymen’s league is threatened with prosecution. In nearly every particular the rapidly changing conditions resulting from the develop- ment of collective bargaining and co-op- erative marketing are complex and puz- zling and there has been no central clear- ing house to which farmers and legisla- tors could turn for the facts. The American Association for Agricul- tural Legislation has tackled this job of getting some sort of order out of the chaotic mass of laws and court decisions on the subject. This organization is made up of agricultural leaders, farmers and educators, and is modeled somewhat after the American Association for Labor Legislation,which has accomplished much good work. Under Dr. Liberty H. Bai- ley, of Cornell, as president and Rich- ard T. Ely, of Madison, Wisconsin, as secretary the association is rapidly organ- izing its work to cover questions of food production, land settlement, rural educa- tion, taxation, credits, roads and mar- kets Anyone interested may become a member. It might be supposed that some Fed- eral department should be charged with this duty of digesting and systematizing our medley of conflicting laws, but it is palpable that if anything is to be done, it must.be by a nonpartisan organization of agricultural leaders, such as are in- cluded in the membership of the Amer- ican Association for Agricultural Legisla- tion. This organization deserves sup- port——The Country Gentleman. We shall support this association. Some years ago, when the “more game and fewer game laws” idea was proposed Dr. Bailey wrote to the editor of The Game Breeder a letter which was given wide publicity and which did much to ad- vance the “more game” cause. He said that our fundamental idea that the farm- ers’ interests must be considered in our game law making was sound. Later he requested the editor to write the article on the game laws for his excellent en- cyclopedia of agriculture. There can be no doubt that laws con- cerning shooting on the farms should be made by the farmers who own the farms, and not by the sportsmen who can not enter them’ without permission The ab- surdity of sportsmen making the profit- able production of food on the farms a criminal offence long has been evident and soon the nonsense will be ended as it has been in some states. Meathnot a Game Farm. Edward T. Martin, in Hunter-Trader- Trapper, describes the ‘Mistakes in Game Farming,’ and the death of a state institution. The Game Farm of the State of California is dead and sleeping a dreamless sleep in the grave of oblivion. No child was ever born under prospects so fair as this same Game 134 Farm. The wealthy State of California its sire, an army of conservationists the land Over, its sponsors, but also it was damned by every fish enthusiast in the state and this proved its undoing, helped as the fisher peo- ple were by many false economists who grudged a few thousand dollars taken from the money received for gunning licenses and used for the Farm’s support. Money which otherwise would have been available for the planting of salmon and -trout fry in places where the gulls, the crows, the irrigation ditches and the drought of a long dry season would make way with them by wholesale, all of which last mattered little to the politicians who were pulling the wires because while their constituents saw the fish fry planted, few kept track as to whether they lived or died and the votes came when and where they were needed. Various Opinions. Discussing the varied opinions as to what should be done, Mr. Martin says: One thought it bad policy to raise wild turkeys. Perhaps it was, the kind of “wild” turkeys the experiment was being tried with. Into the discard they went, but not until a few lean coyotes had grown fat on the square meals those foolish birds supplied them, and in places the ranchers were able bodied allies of the coyotes. “Hungarian partridges?” said an employee of the Commission. ‘This isn’t Hungary if these birds are,” and they followed the turkeys. Wild Ducks. Then came the ducks. This looked like getting down to business. Some were grabbed from the wild, mostly netted around Lake Merritt in Oakland or from the banks of the shallow lakes down Fresno way. These last nearly all cinnamon teal. Then nests were robbed of their eggs in the nearby Alvarado marsh and the supply of ducks was run up from a single pair to at one time about 600. So far, so good, but they would not lay. Early in the game the mallards and a few teal started nobly and then backslid. Wood ducks, prolific layers and good breeders in the East, one and all became confirmed old maids. The other varieties acted like they had never seen an egg and didn’t know what the word nest meant. Yet a local rancher but a few miles from the state farm “borrowed” a few mallard eggs from a nest in the wild, hired an old red hen to incubate them and started business this year with two ducks and a drake. While the State Farm with a flock number- ing several hundred was doing nothing—I do not believe that one of the scattering few that were hatched lived to reach maturity—this old man raised a flock of a dozen and sold THE GAME BREEDER them at a fair profit. Yet the only pond he had was a tin pan replenished night and morn- ing with pure water, which the ducks shared with the barnyard fowl. Too Much Publicity. Mr. Martin thinks that carting the game birds all over the state for exhi- bition purposes was bad and that the location of the duck pond also was bad. A public highway ran just outside of the duck pond fence. There was a constant tooting of horns and the head lights shone on the pond. “While the ducks didn’t say so, it 1s certain they didn’t like the auto parade a little bit. This fire business is something no wild bird _or animal ever gets used to.” Private Breeders Succeed. These and like things did much to keep the waterfowl from increasing, multiplying and replenishing the land. Macomber of Picones has a game farm in his own right and on his own land. He per- mits none of the annoyances the state birds were subject to nor does he stint on expenses. He keeps in all several thousand ducks, geese, pheasants, quail, partridges and I believe tur- keys, just to see them around. With private breeders all game has done well. Pheasants in particular have proved very profitable. It is hardly complimentary to the fish and game commission that they have made a failure while every other raiser of game, the rancher with his three ducks and dishpan pond, Macomber with his thousands of birds, the schoolboy with his pair of quail, have succeeded. Such alas is the case, and now our only hope is in a close season cover- ing a term of years. The Wrong Remedy. Mr. Martin well says: Those same people, though, are sincere in their desire to believe that game is on the increase, but fail to realize that thinking a thing is so does not make it so. “None so blind as those who won’t see,” and those who say that any sort of feathered game in Cali- fornia is even holding its own are fit for a post-graduate course at any institution for people who have lost their vision. We are quite sure that the fashionable remedy—a closed season—is not the right one, unless the law excepts indus- trious private breeders who are far more numerous in California than most people think they are. THE GAME BREEDER Many Breeders in California. Nothwithstanding the statement in the California State report that the Commis- sion has failed to interest the people in game breeding and that “they seem to prefer poultry,” it is a fact that many readers of The Game Breeder are suc- cessfully breeding pheasants, ducks, quail and other game birds in California. We have had no reports recently of anyone being arrested for any of the food-producing crimes (?) such as hav- ing birds or eggs in possession for breed- ing purposes, and although the shipping facilities may not be as good as they are in some of the free states, we are quite sure the California breeders will continue in business and that in time the game laws will catch up with their industry. Safe Arrival of Canvas Backs. One of our readers in Northern Can- ada recently shipped some Canvasbacks to another reader in California ; the birds arrived safely and, no doubt, will be properly looked after. In a short time game breeding will be- come such a common industry in Cali- fornia that no one will think of raiding game breeders, stealing their game in the name of the law, and fining or jail- ing the criminals who produce food. The California sportsmen, when they read the good stories about the abundant game and good shooting which we shall publish, will no doubt decide to patronize the game farmers and to become sport- ing breeders. It will not be long before the courts decide that game purchased or otherwise legally obtained by breeders does not be- long to the game politicians and that they must not interfere with a highly profitable and proper food producing in- dustry. The State does not own all the game. In many places in America there is far more game owned by game breeders than is owned by the State. The ratio of in- crease of the first named is geometrical and the State game is vanishing, as Mr. Martin and all other competent observers well know. 135 Free Shooting. Mr. Barlow, advertising manager, in the Remington Live News notes, says: Free shooting and fishing must not be allowed to disappear, for directly thereon rest not only the health and happiness of thou- sands of our citizens, but in a large measure our national security. No one doubts that as a nation we must always depend upon the virility of our young manhood. | The incentive to go afield being provided, some place to go must be furnished. The federal government, the States, associations, or philanthropic individuals should set aside at once as many: public hunting preserves as possible. This duty is the duty of the State, but the State is an abstract term. It is up to the citizens to start the ball rolling. Marshes are being drained and thickets cleared to pro- vide more grain and incidentally more dollars to some individual. Now is the time to buy, while much territory can still be purchased at a small figure. Again, the question is not who shall provide, but the fact that some ter- ritory for public shooting and fishing must be provided. All interested should put their shoulders to the wheel and help. This does not mean simply sportsmen, but all Americans who wish to see our nation composed of strong, healthy men, who may be better able to withstand the duties of our “strenuous” life. This is good advice. There is plenty of room in the United States for big public shooting grounds, for game farms, state and commercial, and for all the game shooting clubs which the sportsmen . may decide to organize. Many thou- sands of sportsmen now belong to one or more game shooting clubs, or syndi- cates, as they say in England, and all have excellent shooting every season for the very good reason that the game is properly looked after and is not eaten by vermin. Shooting Hotels. The Game Breeder also advocates an- other kind of free shooting, which is provided for sportsmen in the older countries. Country hotels should pro- vide shooting for their guests at reason- able rates on game preserves owned or leased by the hotels. It is an easy mat- ter to keep grouse, quail, pheasants, duck and other game abundant on pro- tected areas. At some of the hotels the guests are permitted to shoot a good lot of game. They can take a little of it 136 home or they can take a larger amount if they wish to pay for it. Another Excellent Plan. In some of the continental countries of Europe the sportsmen of a village combine to rent the shooting and they all shoot a good lot of game. After the shoot abundant game is sold to pay the expenses, which consist of the small shooting rental and wages of the game keepers. The cheapest shooting, of course, is partridge, rabbit and hare shooting, since the game breeds abun- dantly in a wild state when protected from vermin. Game always is so plenti- ful that it sells for very little and the shooters pay for the game they take home. They all have excellent shooting and since the game they purchase at the end of the shoot is cheaper than poultry or meat the shooting really costs little or nothing. In other words, they stop a butcher’s bill larger than the cost of their sport. An Important Matter. The important matter is that they shoot without exterminating the game. They, of course, shoot with the farmer’s permission and the farmers are paid a little for the right to shoot, just as thou- sands of American farmers are paid by American sportsmen who conduct game shooting clubs. Any trap shooting club or game pro- tection society easily can form a game shooting club and have excellent and in- expensive shooting if the game is re- stored and properly looked after. Some of our game shooting clubs meet at a country hotel where they have a special rate for board and lodging, and where quail is the game shot the dues are very small since the quail breed abundantly in a wild state. Good Advice. The Game Conservation Society and The Game Breeder always are ready to advise sportsmen of generous behavior how to organize game shooting clubs and to deal fairly with the farmers. The advertisers in The Game Breeder THE GAME BREEDER supply stock birds and eggs, and when a little food is planted for the game and the cats and other vermin are not per- mitted to eat it, the shooting, of course, is excellent every season. We are al- ways glad to have sportsmen visit game shooting clubs, and the free shooting of- ten is excellent in the vicinity of a club where there is any wild or unoccupied land. Expensive Game. There can be no doubt that the pheas- ant is the most expensive game to pro- duce in America as it is in other coun- tries. Owen Jones was right in saying that partridge shooting will remain the most popular form of sport because it is cheap. Grouse and quail bred wild in pro- tected fields and woods can be produced abundantly far cheaper than hand-reared pheasants or even wild ducks are pro- duced. All capable state game officers admit that it is not possible to keep quail and grouse shooting open if no one looks after the birds and gives them proper protection. The state reports are filled with recommendations for closed seasons for a term of years, and usually it is deemed necessary to extend the term when it expires. The close tillage of the farms, no covers or foods being left for the game, is as fatal to upland game as the draining of marshes is to duck shooting. . How state game officers can be ex- pected to provide even a half dozen pheasants for a gunner who pays one dollar is beyond our comprehension. No club with careful business management ever has been able to provide one pheas- ant for a dollar. It should be remem- bered always that club pheasants are not to a large extent eaten by vermin as state pheasants always are when lib- erated. (From the Buffalo Enquirer ) Come to think of it, the majority of the League of Nations are “wet” nations. THE GAME BREEDER 137 GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. THEODORE ROUAULT, JR. Mr. Rouault, of New Mexico, was one of the best State game officers in the country. He advised closed seasons for terms of years for most species of game in order to prevent its extermination, but he also favored game farming by the State and individuals and the creation of game preserves. annual report before he retired from office. The following articles on Game Farms and Preserves are from his last In his excellent State report, one of the best published by any State Department, he refers to the bobwhite as “the Ohio song bird,” but he seems to overlook the fact that the bird is also on the song bird list in his own State and in many others besides Ohio.—Editor. Game farms are now being most suc- cessfully operated by game and fish de- partments of practically every state in the union, as well as by many individuals. The purpose of a state game farm being to raise, what might be termed. seed stock for distribution in those areas where there now exists a shortage of game birds or game animals. Such a farm could be operated by the game and fish department of this state under the direction of the state game warden and supervised by a superintendent. There is at present in New Mexico tracts of land owned by the state which beyond any doubt would make ideal game farm sites. At the present rate of depletion, it must be realized that it will soon be absolutely necessary for this state to own and operate such a farm in order to meet the wastage problem. Game farms have gone beyond the ex- perimental stage. They have proven their utility in practically all of the old- er states of the union. The federal gov- ernment has indicated its belief in this by setting aside large areas of valuable timbered land for the conservation of wild game. These national game ref- uges, such as Yellowstone Park, are nothing more than game farms on an immense scale. This only proves the statement that game farms are beyond the point of experimentation. _ The value of the game farm is that large numbers of game birds or game animals may. be produced annually and raised in captivitv for liberation at the proner season of the year throughout those sections where there may exist a shortage, and which sections should be producing a fair portion of the meat supply. A game farm can be operated to greater advantage in the propagation of game birds than game animals, the former not requiring such large areas. For instance, turkey, pheasants, quail, grouse, prairie chicken, ducks, geese, etc., may be produced on a comparatively small acreage of well selected land. Wallace Evans this past year, | am informed, produced some 15,000 pheas- ants and several thousand waterfowl on a comparatively small acreage of land. The same may be said of W. J. Macken- sen of Yardley, Pennsylvania, and hun- dreds of other breeders throughout the United States. In fact there are today large numbers of game farms being started throughout this country. If these farms can be operated at a finan- cial success by the private individual, why should not the state also be able to do likewise with experienced assistants to carry on the work. Steps should be immediately taken for the selection and setting aside of a suitable tract of state land for a state game farm, regardless of whether it is placed in use this year or five years hence. The question is to make the start. With the number of game animals which this Department is in a position to confiscate annually from illegal keepers, it would only be a short period until a state game farm would be well supplied with a variety of game. Adequate laws should be passed by 138 the florthcoming legislature to license private game farms in this state, and they should be so construed as to en- courage the industry. A license fee of $10:00 per annum should be charged for each game farm permit, which permit would allow the purchase, impor- tation, propagation and sale of game ani- mals and game birds. It should also al- low him immunity from the state game and fish laws in every respect, except that he should abide by such rules and, regulations as may be formulated from time to time by the state game and fish warden. GAME PRESERVES. Game preserves are distinguished from game farms in that the former are usually immense tracts of wild timbered country, in this state usually mountain- ous, where wild game and birds are per- mitted to propagate unmolested and un- der natural conditions, and by close pro- tection against predatory animals, and constant policing against poachers, they increase rapidly in these preserves as compared to adjoining areas where this class of close protection is not given. The game preserve laws of this state are most liberal and a great number of the larger land holders have taken ad- vantage of the state’s liberal policy by taking out game preserve licenses. These owners of game preserves are to be con- gratulated as they not only have assisted to protect and increase the game supply throughout their own large enclosed holdings, but also throughout the imme- diate surrounding country, as an exam- ple the finest and best deer and turkey shooting in this state is to be found in Colfax county, where there now exists and have existed for many years past large private game preserves, the over- flow of game from these preserves has naturally drifted out into the surround- ing country, and now affords splendid hunting to the average individual from town who can afford a week’s trip into the hills for big game. This statement is admitted by all as being true, but the average citizen also believes that the THE GAME BREEDER preserve owners should be forced to ob- serve the same seasons and bag limits as he. There has been some feeling aroused over this situation in some lo- calities. In my opinion, this should not be. I know of my own personal knowl- | edge that the owners of these preserves are observing the open season, but possi- bly not the bag limit. On the latter point, I am not advised. It must also be admitted that inasmuch as the men who control these large areas are pay- ing heavy taxes, not only on the lands, but also on extensive improvements and that they have further paid the neces- sary license fee and are also paying their own game warden for policing the prop- erty out of their own purse, and most certainly helping to a great extent to re- stock the surrounding country by the overflow from their protected properties. For these reasons, if none other, they should be granted certain special priv- ileges as now provided by our laws if they are not detrimental to the game and they remain within their rights as grant- ed them by their game preserve licenses. Personally I am heartily in favor of game preserves, and the more the bet- ter, not only on account of the increase of game but also that it may give the ordinary once-a-year hunter an oppor- tunity to bag his deer or turkey from the overflow which is constantly leaving these preserves. I am more than will- ing to give the game preserves full credit for the abundance of game which occurs in those counties where a large number of such preserves are now located. I mention particularly Colfax, Taos, Union and Rio Arriba counties. The following game preserve owners are directly responsible for the protec- tion which. has been given to the big game supply of their respective sections, and throughout which sections will be found a most satisfactory increase: The Bartlett Ranch of Vermejo, which covers portions of Colfax and Taos counties, and is composed of several hun- dred thousand acres, is one of the larg- est and best protected preserves in the DEE iGAMEs BNE E DSK state. The last figures which were re- ceived from there and which were com- piled after a great deal of investigation, as well as painstaking observations, in- dicate that there are now ranging on this tract of land one hundred and fifty elk, twenty-five hundred deer, a great many bear and several thousand turkey. This ranch is posted against all trespassers, as well as being under the observation of two or three paid game wardens em- ployed by the Bartlett Ranch. Another very extensive tract is the Springer Ranch, which is the refuge for a large number of deer, bear, turkey, etc. This concern also employs a paid man to protect their game interests. . The George Webster Ranch also con- taining a very large acreage is well stocked with elk, deer, bear and turkey. The Stern Land and Cattle Company’s holdings are also large and very well stocked. Likewise the same may be said of the William H. Smith Ranch near Brilliant, New Mexico. These five large cattle ranches adjoin one another and probably cover 750,000 acres or more, therefore it can be seen that it is nothing less than an immense game preserve, composed of high, rough and heavily timbered mountains, low rolling foot hills, and hundreds of small well watered valleys. The topographical arrangement is indeed excellent, and the climatic conditions certainly cannot be surpassed, therefore it can only be said that it is an ideal game preserve. The Bell Ranch of San Miguel Coun- ty is also another large and well pro- tected game preserve. On their range may be found today what is probably the largest single herd of antelope in this country, numbering between five and. six hundred head. Their game reports also indicate that approximately 3,500 deer are ranging within their fence. George A. Fowler of Union County also controls a game preserve of 60,000 acres, on which a great number of deer, some antelope, and other small game now 139 ranges, and of which he is taking ex- ceedingly good care. Messrs. McNary and Lee, as well as Cadwallador and Harvey, owners of large tracts of cattle range under fence: on the crest of the Sacramento moun- tains, have also been recently granted game preserve licenses and have taken active steps to increase the game supply of that section by the proper policing of their large holdings from poachers. A further and chief reason why these large land holders and cattle owners have ta- ken advantage of the game preserve law is the fact that in this manner they have been able to protect their cattle from be- ing shot by careless hunters and. inexpe- rienced guides. It has also placed them in a position whereby they could protect their pastures and timber from destruc- tion by fire generally caused by reckless campers. I believe that all fair minded people will agree that these “game pro- tectionists’” are entitled to this protec- tion. A Wise Remark. ‘Mr. MacVicar made a wise remark when he said, ““Where there is free shoot- ing it usually means no shooting at all.” It is true, however, that where game farms and game shooting clubs are nu- merous often there is some very good free shooting in the neighborhood. Mr. Rouault pointed this out in his report as state game officer. We became convert- ed to the “more game and fewer game laws” plan when we found some free shooting quite near New York. We know many places where the sportsmen can shoot many more than one quail for a dollar and they often take a few ruffed grouse and rabbits for good measure. This can be done in the song bird states 1f those who wish to have inexpensive quail shooting be permitted to do so. It is unfortunate that state officers are obliged to advise closed sea- sons as they do in their annual reports. 140 THE GAME BREEDER LAND FOR RETURNING SOLDIERS. F. W. WILson There should be a large volume of ex- plosives trade in prospect for Du Pont dealers arising out of the “Land for Re- turning Soldiers’ movement, which has been set on foot by the United States De- partment of the Interior. ‘Secretary Lane of the department started the movement by his letter to President Wilson, dated May 31, 1918. In it he stated that he thought the time had come when the country should give careful consideration to the preparation of plans for providing employment for- our soldiers returning from the war. In May their return was merely a somewhat dim prospect. Now it is a present and pressing reality. Thousands of soldiers in training in the United States are, at the time of writing, being demobilized and sent to their homes. It is just as important to provide these men with employment as those coming back from Europe. It would seem as though the vast in- dustrial army who were engaged in vari- ous branches of munition or war sup- plies manufacture should be considered as well as the soldiers in uniform. They, too, will be as badly in need of employ- ment and as deserving of government aid as the men who wore the khaki. It was Secretary Lane’s idea as ex- pressed to the President that soldiers de- siring to take up farming as an occupa- tion should be provided with the means whereby they could become the owners of raw land that could in the course of . time be converted into fertile farms. The secretary pointed out that there were millions of acres of unappropriated land in the United States suitable for the purpose under consideration. An artic'e in the Scientific American of November 9, 1918, contains tables showing the num- ber of acres of stump land and the num- ber of acres of swamp land respectively in the various states of the United.States as fo.lows, Acres Acres State Stump Land Swamp Land Acres Acres State Stump Land Swamp Land [NARNIA “S6oco08050806 14,785,000 1,479,200 INSIKGINGAS socvcococ0t 13,893,000 5,912,300 CaAliORrte sscococcee 3,031,000 3,420,000 COMMECHICEE scoccsce cooccss 30,000 IDGLAWEIES sobcovcpocs .coocdes 127,200 TMOG, © jo00d00cc0006 10,109,000 19,800,000 Georciamenenaeeeooce 20,141,000 2,700,000 NS TaKOhISt ceo eco MG A lade thea oie OS 925,000 IGAINO: godovesooesses GHEOOO —cacvavc Ika atoes seicoee fl aboot 625,000 OWA a ee eee ra tie akan 930,000 IA TISAG He Ae Us yee ees 359,380 IKSMOCORY sooccccncee 3,222,000 444 600 LOUISIANA soodncconc 11,877,000 10,196,605 Nia eee ae ees 6,135,000 156,520 Marylee) joscobceces 1,848,000 192,000 Massachusetts ...... Pea tipate 59,500 Michicant essa 11,686,000 2,947,439 IMEBUNCSOUZ) Gocccb0000 14,022,000 5,832,308 IMUIGSISSID DM snoccoccs 13,203,000 5,760,200 IMIISSOUUE Sooo ccc cc00e 8,900,000 2,439,600 IMIORMAINA, 50500000008 674,000 ~....... INiebalskkaisememerctas tan oceans 512,100 New Hampshire .... 2,608,000 12,700 INGWW SRSE7 ondan0c00 1,151,000 326,400 New WOME cosbccovs 5,997,000 529,100 North Carolina ...... - 12,745.00 2,748,160 Norta IDAKOtY sosoce0 conobac 200,000 ORO ey eh oe cH et eto 155,047 OMAN soocscoons © onannce 31,500 ORESOM sscoscccaus oc 3,537,000 254,000 Pennsylvania ....... 5,297,000 50,000 Ritodenlislandaee see eR. Fes 8,046 South Carolina ..... 8,994,000 3,122,120 Soin IDAKOM caodeoo sevodsc 611,480 Tennessee .......... 7,833,000 639,600 MEAS aera en OMe oe 12,936,000 2,240,000 WCRMOM 455500055000 2,070,000 23,000 Wiki, Scascsc0c008 9,929,000 800,000 Washington ......:. 3,330,000 20,500 West Virginia ...... 4,634,000 23,900 WaSConsint -irseemrnr 13,246,000 2,360,000 Total cea eee 228,509,000 79,005,023 In the opinion of Secretary Lane, about half of the uncleared stump land and undrained swamp land could be cleared and drained and made cultivable. He also made reference to the arid lands in the west, many thousands of acres of which could be taken in hand by THE GAME BREEDER the reclamation service, and by irrigation made available for this purpose. Every dealer in Du Pont explosives should get behind this movement and push. It is a splendid thing for the coun- try, because its consummation will ward off the spread of discontent and possibly something worse in labor circles. It is a good thing for the various states, because it will develop their resources, increase their trade, their bank reserves, and add to their general prosperity. It is a good thing for the soldiers, because it will make property owners of them with a definite interest in a business of their 141 own, and every political economist rec- ognizes this to be a very desirable condi- tion. It reduces the volume of floating, unattached labor, and it makes the coun- try less liable to upheaval in time of in- dustrial depression. There is good profit in the sale of dynamite and blasting supplies, as many of the dealers in the cut-over land re- gions of Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michi- gan, Oregon, Washington, Idaho and other localities can testify. [All of the swamp lands should be used for breeding wild fowl. Wild ducks are the best game birds for beginners.—Editor.] THE 10TH CAT AND THREE BROODS OF QUAIL. By THE EDITor. Nine cats of various sizes and colors had fallen to the game keeper’s gun as they came to the rearing fields of the Long Island Game Breeders Association. The little 20-gauge Parker gun had spoken nine times effectively and the cats went to the happy hunting ground be- fore they had a chance to eat any of the young quail and pheasants. Some of the cats were big wild cats from the woods, which evidently had no owner; others were cats of more refine- ment which, no doubt, lived part of the time, at least, in houses. “There were yellow cats, gray cats, black cats and parti-colored cats of high and low de- gree. The heads and tails of the wilder specimens were tacked on the end of the food house, used as a vermin rack; the milder mannered cats were buried out of sight for reasons well known to game keepers who wish to avoid con- troversies. Three big broods of quail, one each of Gambels, Scaled and Bobwhite quail (between 40 and 50 birds) were in the quail nursery with their bantam foster mothers. The little birds ran about in- side the wire fenders before the coops. They were a week or ten days old and’ all of them were healthy and active. I had planned to move these three broods to the kitchen garden near the house in order to ascertain what garden insects and weed seeds the little quail preferred. A few of the birds were to have been killed in order to have examinations made of their stomach contents. Our neighbor was known to have a cat. He had it last year when it was quite young. But since over a hundred quail had been successfully reared in the garden last season, we decided to take a chance on the tenth cat. There was good reason for sparing its life. About a hundred of our young mallards recently had raided our neighbor’s onion patch and he had called to comp‘ain about them in a friendly way, and it seemed to be hardly fair to slaughter his little black cat on suspicion. The quail were moved to the garden. But in an evil moment when the keeper was engaged in the rearing field with his pheasants the little black cat got busy. 142 How many quail were actually killed we do not know; some, no doubt, escaped to the asparagus beds and the tall weeds in the garden, but the St. Swithin’s rain immediately was ushered in with a heavy shower; it rained for five days with lit- tle intermission and the little birds which escaped probably perished since none re- turned to the bantams. The game keeper when he observed the cat quickly went after it with the gun, but our’ neighbor appeared on the scene and it was deemed wise not to THE GAME BREEDER inflict the death penalty. A promise was made that the cat would be locked up for the rest of the season. We had run a wire about our young ducks. For- tunately we had many more young quail and many eggs set under bantams. A new line of coops has been placed in the garden and last Sunday I enjoyed ob- serving the young quail darting about in the weeds in pursuit of insects, and run- ning in and out of the coops to have a little chat with their foster mothers. NOTES FROM THE GAME FARMS AND PRESERVES. King Birds. A number of King birds nested in the orchard which adjoins the rearing fields of the Long Island Association. Across the road to the north there are numer- ous crows which often make excursions to the preserve but the little King birds go aloft as soon as the black enemies come in sight and it is interesting to see how quickly they drive the crows away. Upon several occasions I have ob-. served the encounters. As the little birds struck their enemies the crows croaked at each blow and made haste to return to their wood the King birds following and striking them until they were out of sight. Never, so far as we know, has a crow been permitted to visit the rearing fields or do any damage to the young quail, pheasants and ducks. The crow as all game preservers know, is an early hunter. He sets out at daybreak and hunts silently. But the King bird also is awake and on guard at the first signs of dawn and the martins are soon in the air ready to drive away their enemies. The fields are guarded on two sides by numerous dogs which live in kennels strategetically placed. The dogs are held by long chains which rattle when they rush out of their kennels and the numer- ous foxes and other ground enemies have had no chance to dine on game. Very little vermin of any kind, except- ing cats and snakes, has been killed and there have been very few losses due to vermin. The hawks secured only one pheasant and, like the crows, seldom they are seen near the game. A Call for Notes. We wish many of our readers would write a few lines telling us about their good and bad luck during the breeding season. The reports which are beginning to come in indicate that this will be by far the biggest and most successful sea- | son since the “more game and fewer game laws” idea was promulgated. We know how busy all game breeders are at this season but it only takes a few .minutes in the evening to record some of the astonishing things which happen and we are quite sure the notes of actual occurrences are more interesting than anything else which appears in the mag- azine, not even excepting the advertise- | ments. Market Prices. All indications are that the prices for. quail, pheasants, ducks and other game birds will be higher this year than ever — before. We are aware that there are) many more thousands of birds than there THE GAME BREEDER were last season but we also are aware that many new game-shooting clubs have been formed; many owners of country places have decided that it is a good plan to have some game for sport and for food, and hundreds of new breeders, who breed and sell game for propagation purposes, are going into the new indus- try. Although some purchase only a few dozen birds, intending to start in a small way, there are others who have had suf- ficient experience to know that game farming is profitable and who have de- cided they can make more money if they have more stock birds. We advise all purchasers that they can buy more cheaply in September and October than they can later. Many breeders will sell some of their birds (in order to raise a little money) at a lower price than they will expect to get later. As the breeding season again approaches the prices will be twice what they will be in September and we predict the September market will open with the prices well up. Those who have their advertisements in early or who keep them standing by the year will surely sell all their birds. A few unwise breeders who did not ad- vertise last season wrote asking if we knew anyone who wanted birds. Our advice in such cases usually is that the improvident sell at a cut price to our advertisers who are equipped to place all the game offered and who should be paid for doing so. It would not seem fair and it certainly is not businesslike for the publication to put its time, stationery and postage try- ing to sell birds for people who forget to send early notices that they have birds to sell, New Customers. The Game Breeder goes to scores of new people each month who write to say they are interested in game breeding either for sport or for profit. During the war many people either were abroad or too busy at home to think about creating game farms or preserves. As we expected, there has been a great interest in the new industry since the 143 war ended. Returning soldiers have called at the office to subscribe for The Game Breeder and to say that they pro- posed to have some game. There are repeated inquiries from the owners of country places who seem to be aware of the desirability of having “more game and fewer game laws” on the farm. We are especially interested in the projects of sportsmen who drop in to ask advice about the formation of game shooting clubs. . All of these must have game to introduce since on many of the farms there is absolutely nothing to shoot. Buckwheat. It is well known that quail are fond of buckwheat but buckwheat makes a very poor cover and on this account I believe our bobwhite is even more partial to wheat stubbles which often are full of rag-weed and are excellent cover. The seeds of the rag-weed are eaten even more abundantly than the fallen wheat probably because the seeds are more plentiful than the grain. The gray part- ridges ot Europe (often called Hun- garian partridges since many of our im- ported birds come from that country) also are fond of buckwheat and since this grain will grow in almost any soil it often is planted for the gray partridges in England. Captain Maxwell in his book on the partridges says it is not a bad plan to sow a few strips of Hungarian millet in the same field; this makes good cover which buckwheat does not. Where spe- cial plantings are made in order to hold the quail evenly distributed it is an ex- cellent plan to plant the strips of buck- wheat and millet adjacent to briar patches where these occur and a very attractive and safe feding ground can be made by planting borders of wild roses and blackberries at the sides of the strips of buckwheat. Long Island Quail. The quail shooting promises to be ex- cellent on Long Island, New York, not only on the club grounds but every- 144 where. There are, also, many ruffed grouse and rabbits and some of the clubs have deer. Deer Shooting. It seemed a pity to put an end to the free shooting of deer on Long Island, but it was quite necessary to do so. The death rate of the free shooters and by- standers was growing and promised to exceed that of the quarry so that there was no alternative. Populous farming regions are not proper places for deer. Quail Eggs Profitable. Experiments made by the Massachu- setts commissioners, by the Audubon Association, the Long Island Game Breeders Association and other game shooting clubs and game farmers all prove that penned quail lay numerous eggs. As many as one hundred eggs have been laid by a hen quail in cap- tivity but the average at the Sandwich bird farm, according to the last report, was 22+. A better average than this has been obtained by other breeders. Quail eggs sell readily for four or five dollars per dozen and better prices have been obtained for small lots. The price for adult quail is now from $18 to $24 per dozen. Gambels quail and Scaled quail sell readily for $15 per dozen. It is evident that if a $2 bird will pro- duce a dozen eggs worth four or five dol- lars and some additional eggs, which can be hatched by bantams or by quail, that the breeding of quail is a highly profit- able industry. The birds are smaller eaters than pheasants, duck and other game birds, and they thrive in much smaller en- closures than those required for pheas- ants. Many quail can be reared in a garden. There is a bigger demand for quail and quail eggs than for any other game birds or eggs; a breeder will always have more orders than he can fill. The California valley and mountain quail are as profitable as the others, and THE GAME BREEDER the Mearns or Massena quail will be even more so as soon as stock birds can be procured. This will not be very long. We expect soon to be able to inform readers of The Game Breeder where they can purchase the interesting spotted quail which we are sure will become pop- ular both as aviary and sporting birds, provided the experiments with these birds indicate that they can be acclima- tized in the northern states. We feel sure they will do well in the south and, of course, they will thrive in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, where they formerly occurred in good numbers. Some of our southwestern members have a rare opportunity to make a big lot of money breeding quail. The Breeding Season. All game breeders take much interest in the weather reports during the breed- ing season. Wild ducks, the easiest game birds to raise, do not mind the rain after they are a few weeks old and hand-reared birds can be shut up during cold rain and hail storms which are most disastrous to all young birds. Pheasants can be confined in their coops part of the time at least during cold rainy weather and they can be lib-. erated between showers. They will thrive better if the weather be fine with only occasional summer showers which keep the young grass green and which. seem to bring out more insects. Wild nesting partridges in the older countries and our quail and grouse in: America are affected more by the weath- er than the pheasants and ducks. [Long cold rains just at the time the young auail and grouse are hatched decimate the broods and exterminate many of them. This accounts for many broods of very small birds at the opening of the- shooting since the quail often nest a sec- ond time when the first brood is de- stroyed. Ouail were nestine abundantly and’ were just hatching their young broods on the preserve of the Long Island As- sociation when a rain storm came which- THE GAME BREEDER lasted a good part of five days. Many of the quail nested in places where food is plentiful and it was not necessary for them to move about much. Fortunately the rain was a warm one without heavy winds. It will be easy to determine a little later what effect the storm had on the game. It is probable that there were some losses but that many birds survived. Had the long rain been a cold one, accompanied with high winds and hail, there would have been a big loss of young quail. Possibly some shelters erected in briar patches and provided with food, grit and dusting places would save a lot of young birds. Casualties At the Long Island Game Breeders Association. Nine cats, some of heroic size, fell dead on the field (for pheasants and quail) and several were _ seriously wounded. The cow broke loose and stepped on a young mallard, killing it instantly. This was practically the only wild duck fa- tality. Grasshoppers, needed as a food supply for the beneficial hawks, are so scarce that a pigeon hawk was obliged to take a young pheasant from the rearing field. He dropped it when the keeper tossed his hat at him. The young pheasant was alive when picked up and carried to the field hospital, but the wounds made by the hawk’s talons proved fatal. This was the only loss due to hawks and crows. All the rats on the place are dead. There were many hundreds of them but not a single one survived the war of 1919. Mice ditto. Several snakes have gone to the happy hunting ground, if snakes go there. Their earthly remains are in evidence, tacked up with a lot of cat’s heads and hawk wings as ornaments for one end of the food house. Wild Ducks. Nine wild ducks after contributing 145 many eggs which were set under hens stole away and nested in the grass by a fence festooned with grapes. All brought off fine broods of young ducks, excepting two black ducks whose eggs were not fertile. There were no losses due to foxes, weasels, rats, hawks, crows or other vermin, the only casualty being the one duck lost to the cow, and one pheasant. This speaks well for the quiet of the place. The truth of the matter is vermin has become scarce and wild. The re- sult is large numbers of wild breeding and hand-reared quail, hundreds of pheasants and wild ducks. Quail. A number of bob-whites, scaled quail and Gambel’s quail died in the aviaries where they laid numerous eggs. The birds arrived in a blizzard, before the keeper was on the ground, and some were too weak to survive the long jour- ney from Mexico and the want of proper care upon their arrival. Pheasants. A few young pheasants died natural deaths in the rearing field when quite young, but the percentage was very small, too small in fact to be noticed. A healthy brood can be seen at every coop, many without the loss of a single bird. Considering the fact that many of the birds were hatched from eggs which came from other states the losses were surprisingly small. A very few of the young hand-reared quail have died; but many of the birds have not passed the danger point. The appearance of the young Gambels, scaled quail and bobwhites, however, suggests that the losses will be very small. The loss of old birds in the aviaries exceeds that of the young which is unusual. Wild Breeding Quail. There was only a little game left after the shooting at the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association last season, com- 146 paratively little game was reared last year due to a late start. But the wild “nesting quail seem to be plentiful. The cock birds were heard last week whist- ling on every fence and many birds were seen flying about. Some came to feed in the rearing field for pheasants. Hun- dreds of pheasants and wild ducks are being reared this season. Cheap Shooting. Since the expense of producing a good lot of game was increased it was decided to add a few members to the list of the Long Island Game Breeders’ Associa- tion. Sportsmen recommended by a member are eligible and can be sure of some good shooting next fall at three species of quail and pheasants and wild ducks. Dues are $1.00 per week. New Places. The many new game farms and game shooting clubs which are being started will undoubtedly purchase a big lot of game. We are often consulted by farm- ers and owners of country places who contemplate getting into the new indus- try either for sport or for profit. Al- though several times as much game un- doubtedly has been produced this sea- son as was produced last year we predict all of it will be sold before the next breeding season opens. Good Purchasers. The State game departments were big purchasers last year and they will pur- chase more extensively this year since they realize it is quite important to have some game on the lands which are open to the public. To supply hundreds of thousands of sportsmen with two or three birds each requires a vast amount of game and the State game when liber- ated is subject to more serious losses to vermin than the game is on club grounds where the keeper’s gun and traps reduce the number of game enemies. The amount of game produced at the State game farms will only provide one or two birds for each hundred guns if there be THE GAME BREEDER no losses to vermin, so that it is fortu- nate that the commercial breeders can supply the departments with many thou- sands of pheasants. Some very big commercial farms soon will be started in the Central States in places where the. natural foods and covers are excellent. We are beginning to take a great in- terest in the new game shooting clubs and the game farms. It is highly import- ant that the last named have plenty of shooting customers in order to keep the business good. Chicks Hatched by Steam. Believing they could hatch chickens without the use of a hen or incubator, pump-men in a Shamokin, Pa., colliery placed 18 eggs in a cotton filled box be- .neath the even-tempered steam pipes. Twelve chickens was the result. Some of our older readers will remem- ber that the late Mr. Blanton, one of the pioneers in breeding and selling wild tur- keys, hatched a brood of these birds in his hotel room, using the electric light for an incubator. Trying It Out. “Taking a glass of water, Colonel?” “Just experimenting a trifle,” said the Colonel genially. “I may have to drink it as a beverage later on.”—From the Louisville Courier-Journal. A Contrast. After spending a few days at the farms of the Long Island Game Breed- ers’ Association, we were more con- vinced than ever before that it is far more interesting to produce “more game” than it is to go after more game laws. It is fully as easy to get the first named as it is to secure the other commodity. We wish some of the protective sports- men who have the greatest appetite for legislation could see the shooting and the eating of quail, pheasants and ducks which surely will take place next, fall. We honestly believe they would quit the pursuit of more laws, purchase some set- THE GAME BREEDER ters and pointers and go in for more game. We hope to be able to invite some sportsmen from other regions to try the good shooting on Long Island in order that they may learn how easily the thing is done and that they may return home and form new shooting clubs. They will become customers of the game farmers whose products always are advertised in The Game Breeder. They will purchase guns, ammunition and dogs. Game is becoming abundant so rapidly that it soon will be necessary for the game farmers to have more shooting custom- ers. Those who advertise report excel- lent results. It is the aim of The Game Breeder to keep up the supply of good customers as the industry assumes large proportions. Sportsmen Buy Preserve in Adiron- dacks. The famous Low estate in the Adiron- dacks, known as the Lake Marian pre- serve, has just been sold to a club to be used as a hunting and fishing park. The club, to be known as the Lake Marian Association, Inc., has a very small mem- bership, but includes such well known people as Winant Vanderpool and P. H. B. Freylinghuysen of Morristown, N. J., Paul Moore and George Plumer Smith of Convent, N. J., Bradford Brinton of Dickson, Ill., and A. A. Low of New York City. The tract which the club has purchased is 11,600 acres in extent and includes sev- eral mountains, vast stretches of forest abounding in deer, and nine lakes among which some of the best known are Lake Marian, Colvin and Panther. Lake Marian, known to old timers as Silver Lake, is probably the most famous lake in this section of the country, both for its exceptional beauty and for its re- markable fishing. One of the most ex- traordinary things about the lake is that, although it has never been stocked, the fishing is as good today as it was thirty years ago, and then as now is was ex- cellent. 147 It is not in the least unusual to catch a good number of brook trout in an hour on the fly in its waters. Colvin pond was discovered in 1873 by Verplank Colvin on his first exploration and survey of the © Adirondacks. It is high up on the top of a mountain and is a very beautiful pond. Years ago it was stocked with Ouan- aniche (land-locked salmon) which in this lake attain a size of seven pounds. The Lake Marian Club is connected with Horse Shoe, which is on the Ad- irondack division of the New York Cen- tral, by a private road over the Low es- tate, and may also be reached by motor from outside points via Long Lake west - over another private road——Sportsman’s Review. Quail and Pheasants. The Game Breeder. In the May number of The Game Breeder you ask the readers who have pheasants and quail what they think about them running together. I will say that I have ring neck pheasants and bob white quail in the same pen and they never fight. They lay in the same nest. I have a ring neck pheasant setting now on six pheasant eggs and eight quail eggs. However when the eggs hatch they will have to be separated. I would like for you to give the ad- dress of some one who has ruffed grouse for sale. Jack HOoLLAnp. Texas. The only Ruffed Grouse dealer was arrested so often that we understand he quit. The New York markets probably will be supplied with imported black cock and the cats only will be permitted to have American grouse. Rapidly these birds are going on the song bird list. Connecticut is the latest State to approve this notion. We believe the game shooting clubs and preserve owners will continue to shoot the grouse they own, but the shipping facilities are so bad that none of them cares to ship any grouse. P. S—Since writing the above we have heard of a ruffed grouse game farm which is starting. It surely will make a lot of money. It will be announced in THE GAME BREEDER later.—Editor. 148 THE GAME Bounty Figures Are Shown. Joseph Kaibfus, secretary of the Penn- sylvania game commission, writes: “Tt will be of interest to you to know the result of our bounty work during the last fiscal year, June 1, 1918, to May 31, 1919, inclusive, which has just been tab- ulated, and as a matter of comparison, give you below data on this work for the four years we have been operating the bounty division. “The year 1915, as below listed, in- cludes the animals killed and presented from April 15, 1915, up to May 31, 1916, inclusive, and the remaining years given are the fiscal years from June to June. This data complete being as follows: “Animals presented : 1915 1916 1917S lons, Wildl @altsere ee 792 432 297 459 Gray Foxes ... 4,748 3,758 3,287 4,446 Red Foxes..... 4911 33360 2790 4)351 IN DECUSe Gy ages SG 4014 6,022 4,248 5,549 Weaselsiie...:.<11 28,225 44,631 30,397 31,944 B ouatyay. see $56,309 $67,481 $48,581 $57,841 “Under the new bounty act which be- came effective June Ist, as you have al- ready been advised, all skins no matter before what official presented, must come to this office without mutilation. The bounty on the wild cat has been increased two dollars and on the weasel one dollar so that this next year the amount of money required for this purpose will no doubt be approximately $35,000 more than during the present year, because of the increase in the county and the addi- tional interest that will be created in the killing of these animals. “Tt occurred to us that this data would be of considerable interest to your sports- men readers.—In the Open. Federal Migratory Bird Law Held Constitutional. The constitutionality of the federal migratory-bird treaty act approved July 3, 1918, is upheld in an opinion rendered by Federal Judge Jacob Trieber of the eastern district of Arkansas in the case of United States against E. D. Thomp- son, of Memphis, Tenn., charged with BREEDER killing and possessing one robin in vio- lation of the act. Judge Trieber in 1914 in the case of the United States against Harvey C. Shauver, decided that the migratory-bird law approved 'March 4, 1913, was un- constitutional. The present law repealed One ace or INS, Sage Cock. Young birds of the year that have fed largely on grasshoppers and other insects are regarded as being a choice food, and are esteemed as highly as the ruffed grouse or pobwhite. That the young are quite as good as any game bird in the land was proven to me by the delicious repast set before me by some of the good people of this arid country—T. Gilbert Pearson, in Bird Lore. You are quite right, Professor. We have shot and eaten hundreds of these birds. Why not suggest some good big sage cock ranches where the birds can be produced inexpensively and sold reasonably to a delighted people after they have afforded the excellent sport you no doubt are familiar with ?—Editor. The Dove. Our dove is an excellent game bird. It is bred abundantly in the northern states to be shot when it goes south where the people know a good thing when they see it. Audubon says: “The flesh of these birds is remarkably fine, when they are obtained young and in the proper season. Such birds become extremely fat, are tender and juicy and in flavor equal in the estimation of some of my friends, as well as in my own, to that of the snipe or even the woodcock; but as taste in such matters depends much on circumstances, and perhaps on the whim of individuals, I would adivse you, reader, to try for yourself. These birds require good shooting to bring them down, when on wing, for they fly with great swiftness, and not always in a direct manner. It is seldom that more than one can be killed at a shot when they are flying, and rarely Walls, GyvAIMUS, ISIN SID ISIN more than two or three when on the ground on account of their natural pro- pensity to keep apart. “When raised from the nest, they are easily tamed. I have even known some instances of their breeding in confine- ment. When caught in traps and cooped they feed freely, and soon become fat, when they are excellent for the table.” Our Correspondence. We have found it impossible to handle our correspondence politely. The numer- ous requests for information about starting new game shooting clubs; the many letters about game law amend- ments; the appeals for assistance in re- forming the laws in many States and the thousands of questions about breeding problems have made it impossible for us to answer many of the letters The necessity for additional help in the office becomes more and more evi- dent. Our readers must realize, when they think about the matter, that we can- not furnish a magazine for a dollar and spend a lot of money in active work which is necessary to secure legal amend- ments favorable to game breeders. The correspondence is necessarily heavy in every case since it is necessary to not only write letters to State officers and members of the legislative assemblies but also to many people who must be re- quested to write to their member. We are not lobbyists. The successful work which has been accomplished has been done largely by correspondence. It has been decided that the work of the society and the work of the publica- tion should be conducted separately and each should have a competent clerical force. The reorganization will take a little time, but with double the revenue now received twice as much effective work can be accomplished and members of the society and readers of the pub- lication will receive much better service than we have been able to render. Prizes. In reply to an inquiry about live game 149 prizes—a number will be given this year. There will be several live quail prizes and probably one or two prizes of grouse and grouse eggs. These prizes are given to those who write the best practical let- ters giving their experience in game breeding. We were unable to procure the birds for two of the prize winners this spring. The birds were ordered early -but the checks came back because the birds could not be delivered. Those entitled to the prizes will get their birds: later and we expect to send them in ample time for the next breeding season. We have in- creased opportunities for procuring quail (better birds than we could expect last season) and we hope and expect to award good big Northern quail instead Or we smaller Wiescam lonmls. iDiae grouse and grouse eggs can be secured this year we are quite sure. OUTINGS AND INNINGS. A Reason for It. “A scientist declares that meat-eaters are more active than vegetarians.” “They’ve got to be, to get the meat to eat.” The most active of all American citi- zens are the members of the Game Con- servation Society who own the quail they produce and whose meat-eating includes quail on toast. The Transcript. will appreciate the claim of the game breeders in the game prohibition states who manage to eat quail on toast that they are the most active of all the meat eaters. They have to shoot their meat before they eat it. eS Nee A Woman’s Way. (From the Edinburgh Scotsman) Mollie—Can you keep a secret, Pollie? Pollie Oyes eis canw Bat ly am frightfully unlucky in telling them to oth- er girls who can’t. War Time Natural History. Seven whales washed ashore along the Atlantic coast had been riddled by shells fired at supposed German submarines. If a whale insists on looking like a U boat he must take the consequences. . 150 The Game Breeder PuBLISHED MONTHLY Epivep sy DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, AUGUST, 1919. ; TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. To All ForeignCountries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntineton, President, F. R. Perxorro, Treasurer, if J. C. Hunrineton, Secretary. E. Dayton, Advertising Manager. Telephone, Beekman 3685. RAPID GROWTH OF THE IN- DUSTRY. The game breeding industry is grow- ing so rapidly that the laws will soon be made to conform with it. As a mat- ter of fact it is now generally conceded that game farmers own the stock birds they have legally acquired and the eggs and birds produced by industry. Quail and quail eggs, pheasants and ducks of all species are freely sold and transported for breeding purposes in most of the States, and the only reason more game is not seen in the markets is there is a big demand for the birds from game shooting clubs and country places, from new commercial breeders, big and small, and also from enterprising State game officers who wish to see their constituents shoot a few pheasants in the open season. The New York market was fairly well supplied with pheasants, mallards and black ducks last season. There will be more game sold next fall. MORE ABOUT CIDER. In an editorial, “Back to the Land,” we remarked among other things: “Our specialty is books and bulletins on game breeding, including the magazine for game breeders, warranted to send people to live in the country on places where THE GAME BREEDER there is enough freedom to permit the restoration of quail on toast and, pos- sibly a little near cider as a side line.” We have numerous readers in the House and Senate and to-day we read a headline over a Washington dispatch to a Gaile papees “Cicer Seaces ID5s— Decline to List it as a Barred Drink!” The Congress acted promptly when we pointed out that the Migatory Bird Bill, as it was introduced, prevented and pro- hibited the production of game birds for sport and for profit and even for food. The bill was amended so as to prevent anyone from interfering with the pro- duction of the desirable food. It is appropriate, therefore, for the Congress to permit rural. residents, many of whom now go in for “more game” (in fact for an abundance of the desirable food) to have some cider to go with the birds. The traditional cold bottle having gone out upon the incom- ing of the restored hot bird, it seems to be a fair legislative compromise to per- mit all rural residents, who find it pays to have game on their farms, to have some cider to drink with it. There is a nice lot of grapes on one of the farms where we shoot and possibly a little of the amber or ruddy juice of the grapes also may be permitted, provided the percentage of “kick” be not greater than that contained in cider. This seems” to be perfectly fair and reasonable. Lecky, the author of the History of Morals, tells us that “field sports tend to keep people in the country and form a sufficient counterpoise to the pleasures of the town.” Now that the sports of the field are coming back under liberal laws permitting game breeding and it no longer is a-criminal offence to profitably produce game on the farms. we have pre- dicted that many people will live in the country. If the Congress shall decide to let them have a little wine and cider to drink with the game the counterpoise, referred to by the historian, will be em- phasized; the possibilities of a back to the land movement seem to be tremen- dous. It may even become a veritable THE GAME BREEDER stampede and deplete the population of the cities and the towns. The problem of the abandoned farms will be solved to a moral certainty. CHANCES ABOUT EVEN. The most enthusiastic game politician will hardly claim that the State will some day introduce buffaloes on the farms and restore the chase as we knew it in the good old days when dodging hostile Sioux was part of the fun. It does not seem likely that State game departments ever will make elk or deer shooting or the coursing of antelope with fleet, hounds as good as the sport we once en- joyed was before the advent of agricul- tural operations. Deer in fruit orchards and truck gardens are not favored by the farmers and even the State rabbit is liable to be shot,trapped or poisoned when he is found injurious to the crops. Since it was evident that the farmers did not seem to be aware that there were laws requiring them not to destroy animals which were observed to be harmful many of the States decided that it was not good politics to arrest farmers for de- fending their property and promptly amended the laws so as to permit them to do so. The close tillage of many farms and the draining of vast areas have put an end to quail and duck shooting in many localities where we once shot big bags of quail and ducks. Even the advice to the farmers that quail are beneficial to agriculture has not induced many agri- culturists to set aside covers and food areas for the birds. The advice has re- sulted in the posting of practically all of the farms against shooters and it is found to be easy to put the quail on the song bird list for terms of years or for- ever. There is about as much chance for State game officers to introduce mad dogs on the farms or a good lot of cats in the bird stores as objects of sport as there is to provide for free buffalo, deer or quail shooting on the farms. The most intelligent State officers now 151 agree with us that the best they can do is to try and keep up some shooting on the public lands and waters and that it is wise to distribute birds and eggs to those who will look after them properly letting the sportsmen arrange with their owners for shooting on the farms under liberal game breeders’ enactments. THE STATE AND THE GAME FARMER’S GAME. Mr. Martin’s statement that carting the birds from the California state game farm all over the state for exhibition purposes was bad reminds us of an amus- ing display in another state*some years ago when an accommodating game breed- er loaned a big lot of pheasants, ducks, etc., which were labeled “from the state game farm’ and paraded about for a time and then returned to their owner. Game breeders, both the game farm-_ ers and the sporting breeders, are an ac- commodating lot of people. Always they stand ready to sell vast quantities of game and game eggs (many thousands in fact) to the state commissioners, and all sensible game department officers now realize that it is quite desirable to be able to procure plenty of game and eggs at attractive prices: If is quite meces- sary to admit that the game and eggs do not belong to the state until the bargains are concluded. The game farmers soon will be able to supply all the grouse, quail, deer, pheasants, wild ducks and other game that the departments can find a place for. There are plenty of buffaloes. Many farmers will not permit the state officers to turn down pheasants or other game birds on their farms since they are aware that the birds bring unde- sirable trespassers. Many states fortu- nately centain much wild land, and be- fore long many of the states will have public shooting and fishing parks for those who are not sufficiently industrious to properly look after their game and to shoot it with the farmer’s approval, he being properly compensated for the shooting and for the land planted with covers and foods for the game. 152 PRIZE LETTERS WANTED. There was no game on the farms rented by the Long Island Game Breed- ers’ Association a year ago last spring. Next fall hundreds of pheasants, wild ducks and three species of quail will be harvested (not otherwise than by shoot- ing) by as clever a lot of sportsmen as ever formed a shooting syndicate to re- store the game and shoot it. Dues $1.00 per week and a small war tax—$5.20—to help out Uncle Sam. The editors will be pleased to publish letters from more game law enthusiasts explain- ing in detail the objections to producing good shooting in a place where there was none. They will pay a good price for them. The old farm house is rented from a widow. The association pays 4 little more rent than the preceding tenant agreed to pay, but we beleive he found it difficult to do so. There is another old house on another place which has not been occupied for years and from which the windows and banisters were stolen before the syndi- cate rented the shooting. Employment is given to the widow of a game keeper who has two young chil- dren and who acts as housekeeper. Em- ployment is provided also for a capable keeper who sees that the cats et al do not eat up everything in the game line. Enough cats have been killed to ex- plain why the place was gameless. We shall be glad to publish letters from sportsmen of generous game law be- haviour stating why they think a closed season or a small bag should be applied so as to vacate the premises, stop the rent, turn young children out of doors or send them to the city and end the activities of a skilled cat and other ver- min destroyer, who enjoys living and working in the country. We will pay a good price for a few short articles dis- cussing why in the interest of game poli- tics and protection the place should be closed by one more game law. For the information of Mr. Aldo Leo- pold. capable writer and game warden, who fears that dukes and lords may only THE GAME BREEDER let the common people look over the fence, we would add that no patents of nobility have been issued to any of the members of the shooting syndicate and we extend an invitation to the alarmist to visit the place, shoot for a few days and see if he thinks any great public wrong is being done. Possibly it may be necessary to sell a little food to keep the dues down. If so some game will be sold if the members so desire, but at this inexpensive place we think they can eat it all, or at least give some to friends. Please let us hear from you promptly if you desire this place closed, Mr. Leopold. Quail on toast has come back to stay, we think. Our birds are now singing more abund- antly than they are in Ohio. He Shot Low. A party of gentlemen at a hotel were telling stories one night recently of fa- mous shots and how many quail, par- tridges, ducks and other birds had been killed at a single discharge. After lis- tening to what seemed a willful exag- geration by different narrators, a stranger who was present volunteered his expe- rience of his only use of the fatal double barreled gun as follows: “T went into the field one day to try gunning. The only game discovered was an immense flock of crows. I should say there were.10,000 in the flock. Slowly I crawled up to them,’and when not more than four rods away the crows rose in a solid mass. I fired both barrels, and how many do you think I killed?” Different guesses were made by the party, ranging from 20 to 100. “Not one,” said the stranger, “but I went out with my brother to look for the results and picked up four bushels of legs. I had shot a little under.”—Du Pont Magazine. —— He Stood the Raise. “Papa, givesme ammicekel” “Why, son, you're too old to be beg- ging for nickels.” “T guess you're right, papa; make it a dime.”—Browning’s Magazine. THE GAME BREEDER 153 Wild Mallard Ducks A i: and Ringneck Pheasants es WRITE FOR PRICES Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE Member of the Game Guild We Furnish Eggs in Season F.B.DUSETTE & SONS’ GAME RANCH BAD AXE, MICH. BREEDERS OF Pure Wild Mallards, Black Ducks, Wild Turkeys and Bob White Quail Our game is grown on our 240-Acre Ranch, with natural feed on our Several Lakes, which makes our stock very attractive for Breeders, Shooting Clubs and Preserve Owners at a minimum price. Our birds comply with the Federal regulations which permit shooting and sale. Contracts Now Open for August and September No Eggs for Sale This Season F. B. DUSETTE & SONS, BAD AXE, MICH. 154 THE GAME BREEDER FENCES FOR GAME PRESERVES The accompanying photograph shows one of our Non-Climbable “RIOT ’’ fences, erected by us, with our indestructible steel fence post 8 feet high, surrounding the Yale Bow! Field, New Haven, Conn. This fence held in check 80,000 people who attended the Harvard- Yale Game, November 25th, 1916, and 60,000 people who attended the Princeton-Y ale Game, November 13th, 1915. We have this fence and many other excellent designs. It will be to your advantage to secure our Catalogue, that shows many of the best erected fences in this country; also tells about our posts in detail; how to erect a fence; how to paint the fence wire to keep it from rusting. . Become acquainted with our fence building system. It will save you many dollars and a great deal of worry. ; Fences for every purpose, with either straight or non-climbable post, tennis court back stops, etc., erected by our trained men anywhere. J. H. DOWNS 38 ROOSEVELT AVENUE SuiteA JERSEY CITY, N. J. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N. ¥. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong , on the wing. Member of The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders Society. BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by America’s. the Author Pioneer H. CLAY. GLOVER CO., Inc., Dog Medicines} 118 West 31st Street, New York THE HONE YSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY Best for Home ana Market The bushes make good cover for game, Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Price Lists Free. A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. Elkhorn Park, consisting of 40 Acres under nine foot fence. Eight Buffaloes, seven Elk, Four black and three white English Fallow Deer, ten Japanese Sika Deer and a number of fawns and calves belonging to the Deer and Elk. Cy. DeVry said of my Game: ‘‘You have the finest band of Elk I ever saw, and your Buffaloes are equally fine."’ Price for Land and Game $14,000. Reason for selling, I have been given eight months yet to live. This ‘‘ad”’ is for immediate sale and will not appear again. WARREN R. LEACH, Rushville, Ills. (Our readers will regret to learn of the illness of Mr. Leach, who has written some excellent articles for the Game Breeder and has sold many deer to readers of the magazine.— Editor) {In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER Blue-Winged Teal AM prepared to furnish Blue- Winged Teal to Game Breeders at the following prices in lots of ten Wire Netting For Fox Farms, Game Farms and Preserves. We are prepared to quote lowest prices for all widths up to 72 inches from % to 2 inch mesh, and No 14 to 20 gauge. We can 155. Galvanized Steel| : 9 guarantee prompt deliveries to any point. or more pairs at $2.75 per pair. Single pairs at $4.00 per pair. Also a few other varieties such as Mallards, Pintails, Green-Winged Teal, Spoonbills, Coots, at very at- tractive prices. If you are going to start a game ranch, farm or preserve this year, or contemplate enlarging your old one, get our prices be- fore placing your order elsewhere. Price list on application, estimate, freight paid if you will send specifications of what you require. Fenimore Haverstick & Co., Inc. 109 Chancery St., Trenton, N. J. Ss The Game Breeder has done more for the propagation of birds than anv other magazine. I believe every Game Breeder should support the paper for this cause. Geo. J. Klein Breeder and Dealer in all kinds of Birds Ellinwood, Kansas \ ei GO LA \ THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS of BERRY, KENTUCKY offer for sale, Setters and Pointers, Fox and Cat Hounds, Wolf and Deer Hounds, Coon and Opossum Hounds, Varmint and Rabbit Hounds, Bear and Lion Hounds, also Airedale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser alone to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Sixty-eight page, highly illustrated, instructive, and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin. WILD DUCK FOODS Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon Grass, Red-Head Grass, Chara and other foods which attract water fowl. Wehave the best duck foods which will attract and hold the game and which ‘impart the finest flavor to the flesh. We plan and arrange the plantings suitable to all waters. GOOD SHOOTING DURING THE OPEN SEASON Iam prepared to entertain a number of sportsmen who wish to shoot wild geese, Canvasback and other wild ducks and quail, snipe, etc. Only small parties can be properly looked after. Appoint- ments to try the shooting and learn about the wild duck foods are made by correspondence. J. B. WHITE WATERLILY, CURRITUCK SOUND, NORTH CAROLINA Member of THE GAME GUILD In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“‘Yours for More Game.” 156 THE GAME BREEDER WILD DUCKS AND WILD GEESE It Is Now Legal to Trap Wild Fowl! for Breeding Purposes Write to The Biological Survey, Washington, D. C., for information about Trapping Permits The book, OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS, written by the Editor of The Game Breeder, contains full information about the trapping of wild fowl and how to rear the birds for profit and for sport. There are chapters on How to Form Shooting Clubs; How to Control the Enemies of Wild Fowl, etc. Fully illustrated with pictures of ducks on preserves, etc. "PRICE, $2.00 POSTPAID THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., NEW YORK Decoy Owls for Crow and Hawk Shooting Established 1860 Telephone 4569 Spring Fred Sauter Leading Taxidermist of America PROFITS IN FUR FARMING Learn about the wonderful Black Fox Industry which has proven so profitable to breeders. Read the Black Fox Magazine, the only 42 Bleecker Street New York City paper of its kind in the world. Corner Lafayette Street Subway Station at the Door SAMPLE COPY FREE. Subscription $1.50 per year. Specialist in All Branches of Taxidermy — THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE 15 Whitehall Street, New York Write for Ilfustrated Catalogue In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER We Are Now Booking Orders for Fegs for Spring Delivery from the following vari- eties of pheasants : Silver, Golden, Ringneck, Lady Amherst, Formosan, White, Mongolian, Reeves, Swinhoe, Versicolor. Impeyan, Soem- merring, Manchurian Eared, Melanotus, Black- throated Golden, Lineated and Prince of Wales. Also Wild Turkeys, Japanese Silkies, Long- tails, and Mallard Ducks. S. C. Buff Orping- ton and R. I. Red fowls. We also offer for sale five varieties of Peafowl. Also Crane, Swan and Fancy Ducks, Doves of several varieties. Deer. Jack Rabbits Send $1.00 in stamps for Colortupe Catalogue CHILES & COMPANY MT. STERLING KENTUCKY Member of The Game Guild Member of The American Game Breeders Society 157 TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY CHINESE PHEASANT EGGS, $3.00 A DOZEN. CAN use tame squirrel and Hungarian Partridge Eggs, P. W. SCHWEHM, 4219 4th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Wash- ington. 2t PHEASANTS WANTED I will buy ringnecked pheasants regardless of sex at long as they are strong, healthy birds, large and no over two years old. Will purchase small or large nUm- bers for cash. Reference by permission to the Game Breeder. ROBT. BOWMAN, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. BANTAMS —- GOOD GENTLE BIRDS SUITABLE for quail and pheasant breeding JOHN E. DARBY, Prop., Maplehurst Poultry Farm, Croswell, Michigan, BANTAMS -WILBERT’S FAMOUS BANTAMS. Forty varieties. Shipped on approval. Catalog 3¢. F. C. WILBERT, Grand Rapids, Michigan. WANTED Twenty-Five Sportsmen to join me in an exclusive hunting and fishing club. Property in Orange and Sullivan Counties, N. Y., adjoin- ing the Hartwood Club, the Merrie- wold Club and the famous Chester W. Chapin game preserve. For par- ticulars, apply to J.S. HOLDEN, PORT JERVIS, N.Y. FOR SALE, WELL-BRED SETTERS Dogs Trained for Shooting. Young Dogs Suitable for Training. WRITE FOR PRICES THE RIVER LAWN KENNELS Krie Co., New York Member of The Game Guild Grand Island DOGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG 50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky., offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, higbly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, Subscribe for The Game Breeder, only $1 a year. EGGS TWO THOUSAND PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. Pure Chinese, $3.50 per dozen, Ringnecks, Golden, Silver and Mallard Duck, $3.00 per dozen, $20.00 per hundred. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, Manzanita, Oregon. 4t RINGNECK PHEASANT EGGS FOR SALE. $25.00 per 100. Golden Pheasant Eggs, 60c. each. Day old Pheasants, 60c. each. Booking orders now. Mrs. EDGAR TILTON, Suffern, N. Y. 5t STOCK AND EGGS OF RINGNECKS, LADY Amherst, Golden and Silyer Pheasants. Wild strain Mallards. Japanese Silkies, Buff Cochin Bantams. “*Ringlet’’ Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens. Peafowl. ue IVER CHRISTENSON, Jamestown, Kansas. Op Il 6t In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” 158 THE GAME BREEDER Breeders’ Cards WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild PHEASANTS, PIGEONS AND EGGS. Pheasants, Amherst, Silver, Gold- en, Reeves, Mongolian, Swinhoe, Versicolor, Ringnecks, Cochin Bantams, White King Pigeons. Eggs in Season. BLUE RIBBON POULTRY AND PHEASANT FARM Davenport Neck, Phone 655, New Rochelle, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. REGISTERED BLACK FOXES, TROUT & HARES. Rugged pups, bred on highest ranchin America. 1917 Breeding Record. 8 litters from 8 females. Also Mountain Brook Trout. Milch Goats. Belgium and Flemish Hares. BORESTONE MOUNTAIN FOX RANCH Onawa - Maine Member of the Game Guild. PHEASANT EGGS AND PHEASANTS Pheasant eggs for sale up to May 15, $25.00 per hundred. 110 eggs sent for cash with order after May 15, $20 per 110 eggs. Pheasants for Sep- tember and October delivery. Write for prices. GEORGE BEAL, Levana Game Farm, R No. 1, Englishtown, New Jersey. LIVE GAME, ELK, DEER, WILD Turkeys, iQuail, Pheasants, Ducks, and all other game. Eggs in season. See space advertise- ment. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Pa. Member of the Game Guild. WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, _Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and Obese. Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas Mallard-Pintail DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids These ducks are reared on free range = especiallyfor shooting and for decoys. =~ They are strong on the wing. Big | g egg producers under control I wl = Price $3.60 per pair; $1.75 each hk a ALBERT F. HOLMES : 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild BREEDER OF FANCY PHEASANTS Eggs inseason. Amhersts, Silver, Golden, Versicolor, Mongolian, Reeves, Ringnecks, Manchurian, Elliott, Swinhoe, Impeyan, Mela- notus, Soemmering. GRAY’S GOLDEN POULTRY FARM Gifford Gray, Orange, New Jersey Member of the Game DR. FRANK KENT Importer Bob White Quail San Antonio, Texas. Book your orders now for early Fall and Spring delivery. Bank references. Member of the Game Guild. SEA CLIFF PHEASANTRY We have nearly all.of the rare pheas- - ants and cranes, also white, Java and black shouldered Japanese Peafowl. Mandarin ducks. Eggs in Season for sale. Write for prices and particu- lars. BALDWIN PALMER’ Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N.Y. Member of the Game Guild. 6t PHEASANTS ENGLISH, RINGNECKS White Guineas and White Cochin Bantams Baby Pheasants and Eggs in Season THE HIRSCH POULTRY YARDS & 45th Place, Lyons, Illinois Pearl WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks is fully described in the illustrated —~= book, **Our Wild Fowland Waders,’’ * ~~ written by the Editor of the Game = Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. — THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York im writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“‘Yours for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER 159 GAME BIRDS ! “All American game birds are fully - described in the illustrated book, “*Our Feathered Game,’’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder Price $2.00 For sale by THE GAME CONSERVATION i SOCIETY 150 Nassau St., New York GOLDEN, SILVER, AMHERST, REEVES and RINGNECK PHEASANTS. All pure bred, strong healthy birds. Must be seen to be appreciated. Prices reasonable. Eggsin season. THOS. F. CHESEBROUGH Northport, Long Island, N. Y. WANTED—PAIR OF RED-FOX PUPS, MALE AND female. Z. TED DEKALMAR, R. F. D.30, Stam- ford, Conn, A MILLION FOOD RABBITS WANTED—WE CAN sell a million food Rabbits every month right here in Chicago and pay you 17¢ a pound live weight,and all who have wearied of gambling in Rabbits and raising them merely for pets when the whole world is clamoring for food should turn in and help raise the Rabbits for us Send for full particulars in the July, August and Septem- ber issues of the RABBIT MAGAZINE, OAK PARK, ILLINOIS. Only 25¢ for the three months (none free). Do not miss this wonderful opportunity. WANTED: WHITE EUROPEAN SWAN, FEMALE. State age and price in your first letter. Z. TED DeKALMAR, R. F. D. 30, Stamford, Conn. CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS Announcements inserted under this head in small type for 3 cents per word. If displayed in heavy type, 5 cents per word. No advertisement accepted for less than 30 cents. Postage stamps accepted in payment. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street New York City EGGS FOR HATCHING—PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch. Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, Nortn Carolina. 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws. JOHN E. PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario, 12t FOX AND MINK WANTED Wanted—Pair red fox pups: also breeders; pair mink and marten. R. BARKER, 2034 East Fourth St., Cleveland, Ohio. 1t LIVE GAME AMHERST, REEVES, SILVER AND MONGOLIAN Pheasant eggs $5.00 a dozen, two dozen, $9.00. Chinese Ringnecks, $3.50 a dozen, $25.00 a hundred. Mongolians, $35.00a hundred ‘‘ Pheasant Farming,”’ illustrated, 50c. SIMPSON’S PHEASANT FARM, Corvallis, Oregon. at WANTED TO BUY... PHEASANTS. ______. I WANT Silvers. Lady Amherst, Golden and Reeves, Quote Prices, Ag and Quantity. es, Morgan’s. Phsntrv, 244 E. 61st St., Los Angeles, Cal, WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t BREEDER IN THE WEST WHO CAN FURNISH Hungarian Partridges, write P. W. SCHWEHM, 4219 4th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Wash. PHEASANTS AND EGGS FOR SALE. GOLDENS, Lady Amhersts, Versicolors, Manchurian Eared. Gold- en Eggs $5.00, and Lady Amherst $7.00 per dozen. ROBINSON BROS,, Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 2t RAISE SILVER FOXES. NEW SYNDICATE JUST started. New plan. Not much money needed, Your location will not interfere, Particulars free. C. T,. DRYZ, 5244 South Maplewood Ave,, Chicago, Illinois. GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season. Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. Everything in the pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (10t) QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. BELGIAN HARES—GET YOUR BREEDERS FROM me, pedigreed and utility matured and young stock for sale, best grade stock. State wants fully, no catalog ROSEDALE RABBITRY,‘“‘ Reliable Rabbit Raiser,’” 730 College Ave., Rosedale, Kansas. FOR SALE—PHEASANTS, PEA FOWL, PIGEONS, Poultry, Bantams and Pit Games. Eggs from the above stock for sale. Rabbits, Cavies, Squirrels, fur bearing animals, etc. I buy, sell and exchange. L. L. KIRKPATRICK, Box 273, Bristol, Tenn. WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX Pied Peafowl, Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHILES & CO., Mt. Sterling, Ky. Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT, MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. ot -In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates Conservation promptly The Game complaints and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. part due to shipments of eggs. seller and purchaser. he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. There are very few complaints in a year, These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order for the most All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. FIVE VARIETIES OF PHEASANTS. WILD DUCKS. Wild Geese, Brants, Wild Turkeys and other Game, List for stamp. G. H. HARRIS, Taylorville, Illinois. 4t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS geese or pheasants. 15 pair of 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games. Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds, Genuine pit birds. Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED. J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. ot WILD TURKEYS FOR SALE, LARGE, HARDY specimens, Satisfaction guaranteed. LEWIS COMPTON, Dias Creek, New Jersey. 2t HAVE SIX MALE CANVASBACKS FOR SALE, $10.00 each or will exchange for wood duck pairs. These are hand raised from pure wild stock. Havea few canvasback eggs for sale, $12.00 per dozen, A. WOLFE, 9848 76th Ave., Edmonton, S., Alberta, Canada. it THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE, THE GREATEST rabbit for flesh and fur in the world. Send for full information and price list, SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t EGGS PHEASANT EGGS--RINGNECK, $2.50 PER 13. Wild Mallard Eggs. $1.50 per 11. JOHN SAMMONS, Yankton, South Dakota. 2t GOLDEN PHEASANT EGGS, $5.00 per dozen. Cash with order. F. W. DANE, Oshkosh, Wisconsin. 3t PURE BRED! WILD DUCK EGGS FOR SALBE-- From my New‘ Jersey farm, pure bred, light gray wild mallard duck eggs, Stock gtrong on wing. $3.50 per 13; $25.00 per 100. H. W. VAN ALEN, 215 Montague St. Brooklyn, N. FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed, Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it, WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound. IF YOU WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL IN RAISING a high per cent of your baby birds——quail, pheasants, wild turkeys, etc., feed them MEAL WORMS,a choice, clean, insect’ food. 500, $1.00; 1,000, $1.50; 5.000, $5. 00. Express prepaid, See last years advertisements in April, June and August numbers. C. R. KERN, Mount Joy, Pennsylvania, at GAMEKEEPERS GAMEKEEPER AT LIBERTY. RELIABLE, WANTS position on club preserve or game farm, Experienced on game and ornamental birds or animals, gun dogs and extermination of vermin. MILTON, in care of Game . Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. 6t WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin. A. S. B., eats of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. WANTED. SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER, EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. careof THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. M. J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t WANTED SITUATION—A GAMEKEEPER FAMIL- iar with pheasant and poultry rearing. I have also had experience in general farming and can plan the planting for game. BRUCE LANE, care of Game Breeder, 130 Nassau St., New York. WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER, THOR- oughly experienced in rearing Pheasants, Wild Turkeys and Wild Ducks. Good references. GAMEKEEPER, 463 East 67th St., N. Y. C. it WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER WITH a game shooting club or preserve owner. Experienced in breeding all species of game, dog breaking and the control of vermin. Good reterences, WM. J. STRANG, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. MISCELLANEOUS YOUNG MAN, RETURNED FROM FOREIGN service. General knowledge of game breeding and farming. Exceptional dairy experience. Thoroughly experienced in handling pedigreed horses, cattle and sheep. Best reference. Available right awa TYLER, care of THOMAS MacINTYRE, 9129 “121st Street, Richmond Hill, Long Island, N. Y. BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE —Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Japanese Versicolors, "Manchurian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ont., Can. “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training, Excellent references. Age 36, married. E. B., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of six or eight rooms and land suit- able for farming. State acreage, location, price and terms. B.J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., INT WANTED TO RENT, WITH PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with good buildings. Place must have a small pond or stream suitable for ducks. GAME PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. {nm writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.” a ye Se eee ee ee —~—— e eee ee e e S e e Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park I carry the largest stock in America of live. game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 &1000 _ I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled practically all of | the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants My Pheasant pens hold thousands of Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck Mallards, Black Duck, Teal, Wood-Duck, Pintails and other species can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and all other water fowl. Now is the Time to Buy Wild Turkey Eggs ——AND— Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. I carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 best Royal Swans of England. I have tine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large European PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have 60 acres of land entirely devoted to my business. Can also promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS, RABBITS, etc. : Orders booked during summer. -I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm.. Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do go. Your visit solicited. T am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelphia. WM. J. MACKENSEN ‘Department V. YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. Member of The Game Guid Game Farm or Preserve A large tract of land suitable for a game farm or preserve is offered for sale at an attractive price. The land is near New York on a good Automobile Road and contains a large pond and stream. There are some trout and the waters can be made to yield large numbers of these fish. The land is suitable for deer, upland game and wild ducks. I shall be pleased to show this property to anyone wishing to start a game farm or preserve. The place is within fifty miles of the City and can be reached by Automobile in an hour and a half. , For particulars address, OWNER 3 Care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York cs = DELELUABAGSUSTAUAACAONSOUDEEAESESOMUAOOONOAONNOUADINIANNANIABEzZE*28 | Leet £\) | [patel SSAC ANAT EEE) ey $120 Der Year ms al Single Copies 10 ¢. iii Derren Ree es ASS THE OBJECT OF THIS MAGAZINE IS TO MAKE: NORTH AMERICA THE BIGGEST GAME PRODUCING COUNTRY IN THE WORLD CONTENTS bit Survey of the Field—Farmers and Sportsmen—Crimes Galore ' —Two Minks as an Illustration —Opposing Interests — Hostile Interests—What Can Be Done—Class Legislation —A Change in Opinion —Study and Publicity —Quiet Places—Some Pro- gressive Ideas—The Sale of Mr. Leach’s Game. How to Breed Wild Geese and Wild Ducks - H. G. Jager Protecting Quail - - - - - - Catholic Messenger Notes from the Game Farms and Preserves By Our Readers Importation of Eggs from China — Lepidium Virginicum— The Use of Maggots— How to Raise Maggots—Long, Long Time on the Way— How to Do It—Glad to Support the Game Breeder—Good News—Egs Importations—New Cus- tomers—Peculiar Industry—The Game Market—Wild Ducks —Wild Geese —Wood Duck—Buffaloes —Near Mallards — — Northern Quail— Mexican Quail — Deer — Rabbits — A More Game Object Lesson — More About Wood Pigeons. Editorials—The Game Breeding Outlook—Buffaloes, Grouse and Game Ownership. Correspondence, Trade Notes, Etc. el % Ibn hal alae tui’ ili wi S I V4 (I) =| Poy Published Monthly. Entered as second-class matter, July 9, 1915, at the Post Office, New York City, New York, under the Act of March 3, 1879. in heads PUBLISHED BY ) E) THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY. Inc. ame S39 vss -7S5 eee SPRATT’S PHEASANT FOOD No. 3 | is rich in ingredients en posed of and supplying car- bohydrates and frame build- ing elements and which are very easily assimilated into the system. Being a cooked food, it is part pre-digested. It is best prepared with hot water, then allowed to cool, feeding it to the birds as the warm soft food. The natural adjuncts to this highly vitalizing meal are SPRATT’S CRISSEL a perfect substitute for insect life and Ants’ eggs and the purest form of meat obtainable. SPRATT’S CARDIAC or GAME SPICE which contains valuable stimulating and appetizing properties and should be added to staple food during raw and inclement weather, and SPRATT’S PHEASANTINA a fine mixture of choice meats, scientifically blended to supply the elements necessary for the formation of bone, body and muscle. It can also be used as an appetizer when the birds are off their feed. | s We also manufacture the following : SPRATT’S PHEASANT MEAL #12 (for Pheasants, Partridges and Quail Chicks). SPRATT’S PHEASANT MEAL #5 (for Young Pheasants). : SPRATT’S MAXCO (the most nourishing food obtainable). — SPRATT’S WILD DUCK MEAL (the best for ducklings). Send 25c for ‘‘ Pheasant Culture.’’ ‘‘ Poultry Culture ’’ sent on receipt of 10c. SPRATT’S PATENT (AMERICA) LIMITED ' NEWARK, N. J. THE GAME BREEDER INFALLIBLE 66 99 esis, Ge The only question is one of choice; you can buy any one of them loaded with Infallible or ‘‘E.C.”” Any one of these fourteen standard brands of shells is the best to the man who is accustomed to use it—when it is loaded with a Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powder. Pick your favorite—loaded with Infallible or ““E, C.’?—and you will have a combination that is hard to equal at the traps or in the field. HERCULES Smokeless Shotgun POWDERS _ INFALLIBLE are always the same. They always give the same even patterns and high velocity with light recoil, always burn free and clean and always act the same under any weather conditions. When you buy your favorite shells be sure that they are loaded with a Hercules Smokeless Shotgun Powder, Infallible or ‘‘E. C.’’ HERCULES POWDER, co. 61 W. 10th Street Wilmington ‘Delaware Vitel Woven Useo 161 HIGH GUN IDEAL PREMIER TARGET Remin ston ARROW NITRO CLUB SELBY LOADS CHALLENGE GRADE SUPERIOR GRADE WB (G) ao SHELLS JAX CLIMAX FIELD RECORD VON CHESTER REPEATER . LEADER 162 THE GAME BREEDER 589 Straight Run Fred Gilbert and The Parker Single Barrel Trap Gun make the world’s record in competition. 489 Without a Miss 589 Eventually you will shoot the PARKER. Why not now? Send for catalogue and free booklet about 20 bore guns. PARK ER B RO Ss. A. W. du BRAY, Pacific Coast Agent, Master Gun Makers MERIDEN, CONN., U.S.A. P. O. Box 102, San Francisco. New York Salesrooms, 25 Murray Street Shown in our Catalogue Ne. 80 ready for mailing Hunting Clothing, Rifles, Revolvers, also « No. 78 Fishing Tackle and No. 79 Summer Sports Lists | Ammunition and all Fall and Winter Sporting Goods 'SCHOVERLING DALY & GALES, 302-304 Broadway, New York MARMOT PHEASANTRY BREEDERS OF Pheasants, Peafowl, Waterfowl, Quail, Ornamental Birds, Utility Flemish Giant and New Zealand Red Rabbits, etc. If States, Preserves and Hunting Clubs will place their orders for next season before shipping time this year we will supply eaily hatched birds and early eggs in any quantity desired. As we were compelled to refuse orders for thousands of both birds and eggs this year, we advise placing your order as soon as possible. We can ship safely any place in the United States. Correspondence solicited. MARMOT PHEASANTRY, MARMOT, OREGON An writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your !etters: ‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER 163 Yh UT Li Ea N SS incon OF lat SH WS ASS PVVuaQ Sas MOM WOK MS RW WOH SS AW Sys s S Whe The scurry of quail in the thicket is music to the sportsman’s ear. A shot ata mallard is worth hours of waiting. But right here at home there’s a sport with a thousand thrills—all yours for the seeking. Go out to your local club today and try TRAPSHOOTING Hundreds of gamey clay ‘birds’? await your call. Each one a tantalizer—hurling away through the summer’s air at express-train speed —dipping, dodging in ever-changing, mystifying angles. Wi Gyan nai a q yey tt PAR Peer Lee elle nocomeowerreereeceen ert eeTeae pert aTePr etree rey aT eeeT ETT T SPOTS Soro PETS TEP TTT TET LALLA y Ci Wh ayy elle j "4 ua A few seconds’to judge—a'snap decision. Bang! goes your gun! Man, there are your thrills—and as fast as you care to take them. There is only one thing faster and that is SMOKELESS SHOTGUN POWDERS it Hy TA mT MN ICICI Uf] at ‘CU —good, old reliable time-proved powders. The choice of the Nation’s crack shots, Look for the brand names, Dupont, Ballistite or Schultze on the shell box when you purchase. Write today for our free book “The Sport Alluring’ and the name of your nearest gun club, Spel lintels : Sporting Powder Division E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO. Wilmington, Delaware. CACC u es ii i ‘ tT ht Qc LTE ACCME Mi J ACCA CCCI WOM CK IM) = 164 ey oy THE GAME BREEDER aoa No. 8 American Sportsmen Series Painted for Remington UMC by F. X. Leyendecker Practical Wood U i TODAY more than for many years past, the practical value cf a mans gun and dog i is the trve measure of his pride 1 in them. He has a new appreciation of service —and wants it. The most valuable recent service to shotgun shooters, in the matter of their equipment, 1s the wonderful Wetproof proccss of waterproofing Remington UMC shot shells, invented and developed by Remington UMC during the war. Your Remington UMC“ Arrow” or * Nitro Club” Wetproof Steel Lined Speed Shells will neither shrink and bake their wads in hot, dry weather, nor swell up and jam in the gun when it is very damp. In spite of exposure in the hardest rain or the leakiest boat, they will work as smoothly and fire as perfectly ag your modern Remington UMC Autoloading or Pump Gun long after other shells have soaked and swelled themselves useless. Sold by your local Remington UMC dealer — one of more than 82.700 in this countean THE REMINGTON ARMS UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO., Inc. Largest Manufacturers of Firearms and Ammunition in the World WOOLWORTH BUILDING NEW YORK | The Game Breeder VOLUME XV SEPTEMBER, I919 NUMBER 6 Co) SURVEY OF THE FIELD. Farmers and Sportsmen. fenses without moral turpitude; for Long we have known that one of the chief reasons why America became gameless, or nearly so, is the lack of harmony between the sportsmen and the farmers who own most of the good shooting grounds. . Able agriculturists and prominent sportsmen are aware of the inharmoni- ous relation which has resulted in many legal absurdities, a perfect bedlam in the matter of game legislation and a chaotic condition in the many court decisions which have been rendered. The situa- tion is well known to all lawyers of ability. There are decisions that the state owns the game; there are decisions that the farmer owns it or has a ‘“‘quali- fied ownership” in it while it remains on his farm. There are very few, if any, decisions as to who owns the game pro- duced by a rapidly growing industry. There are laws and decisions which pre- vent the sale of the desirable food, the effects of which are to stop industry. It has been decided that a person who legally takes a desirable food bird by his industry and at some expense does not own it after he procures it. It is no wonder that we have no game as a food supply in America. Crimes Galore. Although the game laws and the de- cisions have not produced. any game or good shooting, or even kept the upland game birds sufficiently plentiful to make it safe to permit any shooting, they have produced a vast amount of undesirable crime, much of it of an unusual, startling and even shocking character. Thou- sands of arrests and convictions are made and secured every year for of- doing things, in fact, which are deemed praiseworthy in all civilized countries where the game is an abundant and cheap food. The arrests and convictions of people because they have stock birds or eggs in their possession or because they produce food on their farms or even offer such food produced by indus- try for sale, do not seem right to people who are not professional game-savers, or employed to make such arrests. Two Minks as an Illustration. A farmer in Iowa was arrested, con- victed and fined for killing a mink in the closed season for fur-bearing animals. The mink had killed about fifty of the farmer’s hens. The farmer elected to go to jail, although able to pay a fine. A farmer in New Hampshire killed a mink which was swimmnig behind his geese in his pond. The Supreme Court of the State decided that the farmer had the right to defend his property. So there you are. A crime and not a crime to do the same thing in the United States. There has been far too much crime of this character in the country and much of it can be obviated when simple and proper game laws are enacted. A sportsman legally killed a pheasant in a county in New York where it was legal to do so. In order to take the food home to another county where it was legal to possess the food he was obliged to travel through a third county having a closed season. Game wardens aware of the fact traveled with the owner of the food in order to make an arrest in the proper county. People traveling through New Jersey 166 with food legally procured were appre- hended so often that the matter became a public scandal and disgrace until an able state officer put an end to the per- formance and the graft’ and fines due to the game laws. People shooting in the South and returning with food le- gally taken were held up and fined upon their return home until the New York State Game Officer denounced the per- formances and put an end to them. A vast amount of crime of this character has not resulted in the people having cheap game to eat or even in the sports- men having good shooting. as Opposing Interests. Organized sportsmen and game-savers continually are at work pushing new legislation supposed to be in the interest of saving the game for shooting. Or- ganized farmers continually urge the legislators to make further restrictions intended to keep the gunners off the farms. As a last resort the farmers al- ways favor laws prohibiting shooting for terms of years or forever, although in so doing they prohibit themselves from eating a desirable food which always should be abundant on the farms, and profitably so, and which should be a cheap food for all of the people. Hostile Interests. Those who have studied the subject are well aware that to continue to enact the legislation asked for annually by the farmers who own the shooting grounds and the sportsmen who propose to make the laws regulating sport on the farms, can only result in the sportsmen having no shooting and in the farmers having very little or no game and certainly none to eat or sell. The importance of making a simple law satisfactory to both interests is evi- dent. If a short, simple enactment, sat- isfactory to both the farmers and the sportsmen, can be placed in the books, millions of dollars which annually are wasted in the efforts to secure new laws and in various game saving enterprises can be saved. Thousands of contradic- tory statutes and court decisions and’ THE GAME BREEDER many thousands of improper arrests can be done away with. Legal traps and snares for the unwary and really inno- cent people can be abolished. State Game Departments can be made of great eco- nomic importance. What Can Be Done. Having interviewed hundreds of sportsmen and some farmers and others interested in agriculture, we have ar- rived at the conclusion that a short, sim- ple law which will remain permanent and which will put an end to a vast amount of legislation and litigation can be written and enacted. Before such a law can be enacted it is quite necessary that the whole subject of game manage- ment should be studied and that a wide publicity be given to the investigations © which must be made in order to deter- mine what can be accomplished. It will be necessary for the sportsmen to con- cede that the farmer has the right to per- mit or prohibit shooting on his farm. It seems necessary to admit that it should not be a crime profitably to produce the desirable food on the farms and to sell it under proper regulations. We have failed to find a single person who will say that the profitable production of food should be criminal. If any such there be we will be glad to give publicity to his reasons for the assertion and will pay for the article. There is a nation-wide regret that the game laws have not resulted in preserv- ing upland shooting. Sportsmen, with the possible exception of some sporting politicians, are quite ready to have an investigation made in order to determine if it is necessary to put the quail on the song-bird list and to prohibit upland shooting for terms of years or forever. All sportsmen, we are quite sure, are ready to have the subject carefully studied by those interested in agricul- ture and those sincerely interested in field sports. . Prominent naturalists should be consulted about the natural laws relating to the increase and decrease of species and the control of harmful © species and the kind and amount of such control, with a view to disposing of this THE GAME BREEDER subject permanently and in a proper manner. The question of bounties and all other questions should be considered and settled before any attempt is made to secure legislation. Class Legislation. Sportsmen were heard to say not so very long ago that there must be no game breeding, no renting of shooting from the farmers; that there must be no sale of game even when it be produced by industry. It was urged that legisla- tion in these directions was class legis- lation, intended to favor an industrious class, to be sure, willing to do some- thing practical, but decried as inimical to the free licensed gunners. The farmers, on the other hand, have a right to regard laws proposed by sportsmen and intended to provide shoot- ing on the farms as class legislation. Sportsmen may regard laws made by farmers as class legislation. People who would prefer to eat the desirable food may well regard the limiting to sports- men only of the right to have the food or the closing of the farms to food pro- duction as undesirable class legislation in so far as they are concerned; and people who for sentimental reasons are opposed to field sports may regard all the others as engaged in class legislation quite at variance with the ideas of people of their class, who surely are entitled to their opinions and should have the right to express them, but possibly not to put them in the law books. It may seem difficult to plan -a meas- ure acceptable to a majority of the peo- ple of the various classes. There has been, however, a “revolution of thought and a revival of common sense’ ’ recently, which the late Charles Hallock, the popu- lar dean of sportsmen said was quite necessary. There can be no doubt that a few years ago it would have been diffi- cult to persuade the Audubon Associa- tion to favor the sale of game. The Association believed that such sales would result in extermination. The _ writer, a sportsman of some experience, entertained the same ideas, but aban- doned them after studying the subject. 167 A Change in Opinion. People who understand. the subject now believe that the regulated sale of game quickly will result in a tremendous abundance of the desirable food. Pro- fessor Pearson, secretary of the Audubon Association, after giving the subject due consideration and study, wrote to the editor of The Game Breeder that the producer of game should have the same right to sell his food as the producer of a pig has to sell his pig. Such ideas may seem shocking to professional game savers and to some sportsmen who have not studied the subject and who don’t know what is the matter or how to apply a remedy. Study and Publicity. There certainly can be no objection to a careful study of all phases of the im- portant subject. There should be no ob- jection to the widest publicity being given to investigations intended to discover what is the matter and if there is a rem- edy which can be accepted by all classes and not regarded as class legislation. It is evident that such study and in- vestigation should be made by people of ability ; that all classes should be given a patient hearing and that publicity should be given to their demands. There can be no doubt that the sub- ject should not be studied only by people of one class. All should be fully repre- sented. Heretofore classes have acted separately with bad results. It is an absolute certainty that the subject should not be studied by people of one political faith to the exclusion of people of an- other political faith. Politics should have no place whatsoever, but await the result of the impartial investigation and see if it be not eminently satisfactory to both parties. The trouble, as we see it, has resulted in the hostility referred to between farm- ers and sportsmen and the attempts of politicians to ride both. Quiet Places. The State of Massachusetts has gone in strongly for quiet places where the first essential is, “The Prohibition of 168 Shooting.” Scintincut Neck Reservation contains about 1,000 acres; Great Island Reservation contains 600 acres. Other Massachusetts State reservations and their approximate areas, where the State prohibits shooting, are: Marblehead Neck, 300 acres; Andover Reservation, 1,200 acres; Hingham Reservation, 5,000 acres; Marshfield Reservation, 5,000 acres; Tyngsborough Reservation, 150 acres; Millis, 2,000 to 3,000 acres; Hub- bardston, 3,000 acres; Lynnfield, 750 acres; Mansfield-Foxborough, 1,800 acres; Bare Hill, 1,740 acres; Taunton, 2,/50 acres; Pittsfield, 368 acres; Tyngs- borough, additional, 335 acres. In addition to the foregoing quiet and non-food-producing areas there are the Island of Martha’s Vineyard, closed to heath hen shooting, and the Myles Stand- ish State Forest, about 7,000 acres, which the State has just arranged to post against all shooting. Proper Management. Looking at the closed areas in Massa- chusetts anyone familiar with game breeding and its possibilities, would say that easily many tons of game can be produced annually on such areas and that some might be opened for orderly shooting. The State easily could provide some inexpensive shooting, and the shooting, paradoxical as the statement may seem, would keep the game abundant and the food cheap in the Massachusetts markets. Some Progressive Ideas. The Montclair Gun Club, a new Boston organization, has the right idea. Its traps will be open all day with a professional on the grounds to give instruction, just as the golf club professional does. The club will be con- ducted along the lines of the modern golf club. Cards will be placed in the hotels telling of the club, where it is located, etc., and every hotel clerk will be posted about the club. What Boston can do Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, Denver, San Francisco and other large cities can do. Everything dépends upon the trapshooters themselves.—WNational Sports Syndicate. Many of the game-shooting clubs should be glad to have visitors see the abundant quail, pheasants, wild ducks, etc., at any time during the breeding season. THE GAME BREEDER It would do a lot of good if some of these clubs would invite some of the game-law hunters to see-the shooting. It probably would be a great surprise to many game-law hunters to learn that setters and pointers still are used in many places to hunt quail and other game. We hope the Game Conservation So- ciety at one of its new places may be able to keep the shooting, also, open for inspection and professional game-keeper on the grounds can give instruction in the handling of dogs and in wing shoot- ing to the younger generation who have been taught to hunt nothing but game laws and clay pigeons. What the Boston trap-shooting club can do will clearly be possible for some of the game shooting clubs, but the work is especially suitable for the associations affiliated with the Game Conservation Society, since at such places the sportsmen can learn all about the best guns and ammunition for bird shooting as well as the comparative merits of pointers and setters. Mr. Warren R. Leach of Rushville, Illinois, who is well known to many of the older readers of The Game Breeder who read his articles on breeding, writes that he received inquiries in answer to his advertisement, but that the big and small game in his park has not been sold. The advertisement was only for one time and so states. Those in charge of The Game Breeder ‘think far more of doing some good in the world than they do about making money. Mr. Leach says it is likely that some people thought I merely claimed to be ill. We have known what the trouble is. We were sorry to have Mr. Leach say in his letter, “I'll be ‘going West’ some day in the very near future.” But he adds, “I would be just as happy and care-free if I knew it was to come before this letter reaches you.” There is a much bigger demand for birds than there is for bison and other big game, but Mr. Leach’s stock is ex- cellent. We hope it will be sold. We are running his ad a second time without pay and without an order. We hope it will benefit Mr. Leach. THE GAME BREEDER 169 Snow Geese and Blue Geese on H. J. Jager’s Farm HOW TO BREED WILD GEESE AND WILD DUCKS. H. G. JAGErR. (Mr. Jager is the first breeder who has successfully bred the Snow Goose and in all probability these vanishing fowl will become abundant in the United States and Canada. He has performed a great public service—Editor.) To anyone who has developed the in- stinct and feeling of the hunter or natur- alist there is no more enjoyable and in- teresting pastime than game breeding. In fact, our feathered game friends are so interesting and captivating that asso- ciation with them has changed many a “game-hog” into a game protector. I know the enjoyment and stimulus of hunting, but I much prefer to spend my time among my flock of yame birds and the pleasure thereof is very difficult to surpass. On my return from my week- ly trips my birds come to see and greet me like a faithful dog. If a strange dog or anything else frightens them they will rush towards the house for our pro- tection. The Canada geese, or honkers, are as easily raised as tame geese. With very rare exceptions they do not breed until three years old, in pairs only, and they are mated for life. They are much like folks in choosing their mates, some re- maining single for several years until they find a mate to suit them. I know of one old gander that killed several geese that were trying to win his affec- tions, and he finally chose a toulouse goose for his mate. I have a gander that I offered three different geese before he grass. found one to suit him. Once mated a gander defends his goose and her nest to his last breath. This makes it necessary to have separate pens for each pair dur- ing the nesting season, unless you have a whole farm for them to run on and plenty of water holes or ponds. I use a pen about two rods square with a water hole four feet in diameter, and an “A” shaped coop facing southeast and filled with leaves or straw, in the middle of the pen or in the corner farthest away from other pens, for their nesting place. All my geese—about fifty in number— run together in a ten acre cow pasture containing two small ponds and plenty of As each pair selects their nest and begins laying, I confine them to their chosen pen. A few days after they hatch I open the fence and let them go out into the pasture. If I want to raise the goslings as pets, I put the eggs under a setting hen a few days before they hatch. I feed the babies lettuce and bread soaked in sweet milk for a few days and let them run with the hen on the lawn. As they become strong enough to bite off the grass I feed them only a little ground feed, of any kind, twice a day. When about half feathered out I let them eat whole grain with the chick- 170 THE GAME BREEDER Wild Canada Gander Leading a Flock of=WhitefFronted Geese on H. J. Jager’s Plant. ens. Fresh water and sand _ should always be before them. As they soon fill the water dish with dirt, it should be easily cleaned, and a partly covered dish, in which they cannot wash, is preferable. The goslings that run with their parents seldom get any feed until they can eat whole grains. As grass is their natural food one system is as good as the other for growing geese, but the ones raised by hand are easier to handle because of their tameness. They will follow you like a dog, but 1f you give them a chance, while young, they will also follow strangers and be lost. I have never attempted to feed for egg production. The geese eat with the chickens whatever I happen to feed them. If they start laying while the weather is yet cold, as they often do, I remove the eggs from the nest but substitute old spoiled ones until the goose is ready to set. Then I take away all the eggs, cover up the nest, and turn the pair loose for about a week, when I again uncover her nest and in a few days she will again begin laying her second setting. This plan does not work unless she starts laying very early. Last year one goose layed two settings of seven eggs each. A friend of mine tried removing the eggs as fast as layed, leaving only a nest egg. His two geese layed thirteen and fifteen eggs and quit without becoming broody. From five to eight eggs makes a setting, six being the most common. I have not yet succeeded in breeding the Hutchins and Cackling geese, but still hope to do so. It took me eight years to induce a pair of my. wing-tipped snow geese to breed, but for the past three years they have nested and hatched six young each year. This year a heavy snowstorm covered their first egg with four inches of snow for two days and nights and it froze quite hard besides, but the. egg hatched just the same as those laid after the snow and frost dis- appeared. They make their nest in the middle of the pasture, pulling dead grass into a little depression in the ground, and when ready to set the goose lines it with her down. hatch several days short of four weeks, but cannot give the exact time of incu- bation. Mr. Lee S, Crandall, of the New York Zoological Society, in his report on the Snow Geese and Young Referred to. breeding of game birds in captivity, credits me with having the only pair of captivity-breeding lesser snow geese and says: “The reluctance of snow geese to breed in this country and the readiness with which they breed in Europe can probably be accounted for by the estab- lishment of captivity bred strains by European breeders. It is to be hoped, now that Mr. Jager’s birds are breeding, I am convinced that they ’THE GAME BREEDER he will be able to give us a line on breed- _ Ing snow geese.’ Mr. Crandall’s hopes will be realized. The only female raised from this pair was two years old last spring and mated with a captured snow gander. She laid five eggs, all fertile, but did not make her own nest nor did she become broody. That is sometimes the case the first year a goose lays. This goose laid her eggs in different nests with tame geese, and I expect that next year she will choose one of these nesting coops for her own nest. My old snow gander stands guard at the nest every minute after the goose be- gins setting, and his fierce attacks make 171 let her set and raise her brood. Ten, twelve, and eight were the three hatches for this season. I have bought many birds that were called black ducks, but all were mixed breeds except these,which I secured from Dr. Whealton. I feed the ducklings exactly the same as the goslings and let them run on the fresh lawn, where they catch bugs to their hearts’ content. While the duck is set- ting the drake stays at the pond, but when she appears with her brood he re- tires to the barnyard and stays with the chickens, as 1f to say: “It’s up to you, mother, raising children is not in my line —have your own way about it.” Three Canada Geese and one Cackling Goose, Which is the Bantam of Cavada Geese, Property of H. J. Jager it impossible to approach within two hundred feet of the nest. I have to place a dish of water near by, or he would suffer from thirst. The goose will leave the nest to eat and drink at the pond thirty rods away, but the gander never leaves it. I am also hoping to in- duce my two pair of blue geese to breed, as the presence of the snow goose on its nest seems to interest them greatly. I am now raising the pure wild black mallard freely after several years’ ex- periment. One old duck has filled her nest three times this season, resting only a few days between settings. She makes her nest in a corner in the barn, and when she becomes broody I take the eggs away and put them under a setting hen. In a few days she makes a new nest and lays an egg every morning, and thus the process is repeated. The third time I I have had pintailed ducks also nest in the barn, but only after several years’ residence on the place. I winter all my water fowl in the basement of my barn, and this seems to influence them to nest there. The young of any bird will, I be- lieve, breed freely on the place where they were raised. Returning Readers. Many readers write thanking us for keeping their subscriptions alive while they were away. They say they are reading the back copies of The Game Breeder with interest, and they can see that the industry promises to grow with great rapidity and that sporting condi- tions will be much improved, since game soon will be abundant everywhere. 172 THE GAME BREEDER PROTECTING QUAIL. (The following article, which appeared in the Catholic Messenger, was forwarded by one of our Iowa readers.—Editor.) The Farmers’ Institute of Johnson County has adopted resolutions protest- ing the passage of any bills by the pres- ent Legislature repealing the laws pro- tecting quail. This is the first informa- tion that most lowans have received that there were any laws in lowa “protecting quail.” ‘True, inspired by some inexperi- enced individuals the Legislature adopted a law prohibiting the shooting of quail before 1922, but how this law protects the quail is hard to understand. Suppose the lowa Legislature, for the purpose of protecting the lowa hen, should provide that no hen or its egg or chick should be killed by shooting or otherwise for a period of five years; would the hen be protected? We think not. The incentive for protection has been destroyed. The reason that the hen has been protected and has been the great financial asset of the State is because the farmer has an interest in protecting her, not by law, but by giving her shelter and food and drink, and protecting her from her enemies the elements. The farmer gets repaid for doing the very thing that he is prohibited from doing for the quail. He sells all the eggs that are not needed for hatching chickens for stocking the aviary. He protects the hens and chick: ens because there is a profit in it. Be- cause quail belong to the State he has no interest in them, and if he did spend his time and money to protect them, the State, which insists on owning them, would allow some pot-hunter to reap the benefit of his labor and his money. What anyone means by protecting quail is increasing their production, and the quail is the most prolific breeder known to zoo science. Quail in captivity will lay as high as 60 or 70 eggs in a sea- son, and if left to their natural resources will hatch out a dozen or two of young in a season. The male is as good a brooder as the hen. One among a dozen lessons we learned from the war was how to increase pro- duction. The farmer was not raising wheat enough. The reason, at the nor- mal market price, other grains were more profitable. So the Government adopted Hoover’s idea, made the raising of wheat profitable, and the farmer was given a guaranteed price for two years. Production will be double this year what it was before the war if nature be genial. Why not protect quail in the same way? Say to each land owner in Iowa build shelters for quail and providt food that will carry them safely through an Iowa winter—protect them from the “vermin” that destroys them. The State could help in this by offering a small bounty on weasels, rats, stray cats, crows and hawks. If you haven’t quail, the State will fur- nish you birds or eggs. In New Mexico the State furnishes birds and guarantees a market—and the farmer raises them in captivity. Let every local game warden stay a month or more at the State game farm and study how to protect wild birds, then he can assist the farmer and aid in the production of wild game. Then let the State game warden guarantee a price of 50 cents or 75 cents per bird. License.a dealer in every community that will sell birds legitimately killed under rules and regulations fixed by the game warden. Let the land owner own the quail that he has raised or protected the same as he owns hens and chickens and other domestic fowls. If one quail is a good insect destroyer a thousand weuld destroy many more insects. If the farmer don’t desire to kill his quail with a hatchet, he could sell shoot- ing rights to real sportsmen who would live up to all regulations. The State by fixing the license to shoot on uninclosed or State preserves at from $5 to $10 a year, would get half a million dollars to THE GAME BREEDER finance game propagation, and quail and ether game would be really protected. We would like to be shown by farmers themselves that they know of any in- crease of quail since the passage of the law prohibiting their killing. A writer in The Game Breeder, las August (1918) thus stated the proposition: “The Game Breeder is right. Game, excepting only migratory birds, must have a profitable market value if it is ever again to be plentiful. The farmer alone can produce it and by no other argument can he be persuaded. A profit- able market only will not suffice, how- ever. His right to the game which he has produced must be protected just as fully as is his right to his chickens, ducks, turkeys and other domestic animals. If grouse, quail and pheasants are to be plentiful the farmers must provide suit- able covers, supply food when needed and keep down the vermin. This involves labor and expense which he will not un- dertake unless he knows that the birds 173 he has raised are just as much his prop- erty as his chickens, ducks and turkeys, and that when he has produced them he can sell them in the market at a profit. There is no thickly populated country in the world where game is plentiful ex- cept where the ownership of the land- owner in the game upon his lands is fully recognized and the game has a market value. The existing laws which prohibit poaching on posted land are wholly in- adequate to meet the situation. No one should be permitted to shoot the farmer’s game without his permission, and ade- quate penalty should be provided which would fully protect him. If such laws were enforced there would be game a-plenty for every one in a few years. The farmer would be benefited and so would the sportsman, as shooting rights could be obtained at small cost. Why not go to the root of the matter and pass laws that would stimulate ‘production rather than restrictive laws which dis- courage it.” NOTES FROM THE GAME BREEDERS AND PRESERVES. Importation of Eggs from China. I thought it might be of some interest to your readers to know that pheasant eggs have been successfully imported direct from China, and while hatches have not been anything to brag about, we have some pretty good looking young pheasants from some of these eggs. I had a friend who was visiting some friends near Canton, China, and while there he wrote me a letter. This was in March this year. He jokingly asked me if I couldn’t use some “Honest to God pheasant eggs,’ and I promptly wrote him to get me some and I would. stand for the costs. He sent me three batches of the eggs, I think the first lot was 78 eggs. These arrived in May and hatched reasonably well. I believe I have about 34 birds from this lot. The next lot of eggs, 56, were delayed somewhere on the - route, and while a few of them hatched, the chicks were so weak that all but two died. The last lot came in July, and it was pretty hot, I tell you. I was about to throw them away, but we had a good many setting hens at that time, so I[ set them, but these birds were very weak and I do not think I have over a dozen left, but they are nice so far, although they are but a week old. It has not been so many years since the first Chinese pheas- ants were liberated here in Oregon, and they were probably the first in the United States. It is a fact that most of the birds in this country at the present time are related considerably, and it was with this in view that we undertook to import these eggs. I do not think it is practical to import them, but a few of us breeders living here in the “Far West” are sure more favorably located to do this than anyone else. I do not think we will have any eggs for sale from this stock the coming year, but if we do we will advertise them in The Game Breeder. 174 Lepidium Virginicum. We are reliably informed by Mr. Mc- Atee that a weed which we observed the young quail in the garden at the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association farms were eating is Lepidium Virginicum. We shall always admire this weed in the future, and when we have a quail garden of our own, as we hope to have soon, we shall let some of these weeds grow with the garden vegetables; not too many to interfere with the beans, the melons and other foods, but enough to feed a few hundred young quail. The Game Breeder with the publica- tion of this item evidently assumes quite a scientific character which may develop rapidly as more of our readers study their birds, ascertain what they eat and report the facts. Lepidium Virginicum, we are told, is one of the mustard family. No doubt it is a fine stomach tonic for the little quail on a cold, rainy morning, many of which our young quail encountered this season. We have not learned yet the common or popular name for this Lepidium, but we are after it and our readers shall have it. It is quite certain that for quail gardens where hundreds of quail are reared this plant is more beneficial than one more game law putting the quail on the song bird list would be. Trouble with Turkeys. One of our Illinois readers writes: “I would like to get some information on turkey raising. My hatch this spring produced twenty Narragansett turkeys out of twenty eggs. These turkeys were pretty well for about two weeks until they contracted some disease. Some of them would circle around in a ring a number of times a day and develop a swelling on the neck. The next day they would droop around and drop their wings, refuse to eat, and the next day they would die. In this way I lost all of them. I am positive they were free from lice. If I can get any information on this matter I shall be very much pleased. (It seemed to us that the trouble probably was black-head, a well known and fatal dis- THE GAME BREEDER ease due to the contact with domestic fowls. —KEditor.) Dr. Philip Hadley, of the Agricultural Experiment Station, Rhode Island State College, says: “It is impossible accurately to diagnose the disease mentioned by your corre spondent without additional data on the pathological conditions present. Young poults affected with any of the common diseases act about the same way that he describes. The swelling of the neck is the only point that is suggestive, and may mean a mild manifestation of the “bal- loon disease.” This is concerned with the cervical, thoracic or abdominal air sacs. They enlarge, take air from the lungs and the bird usually dies from a condition similar in many ways to suffo- cation. The cause probably lies in low vitality of the stock coupled with chilling or damping. I know of no remedy for the trouble. The best thing is to prevent it by securing vigorous stock and using all the usual means to prevent chilling and damping. The Use of Maggots. Many of the older English authors and some of the later ones say that mag- gots are desirable food for young pheas- ants. Some of the writers describe how maggots easily can be produced in large quantities. I believe, however, most keepers where insect food is plentiful do not use any maggots. The only Ameri- can “shoot” in which I ever had any per- sonal interest which used maggots was one where I shot pheasants and ruffed grouse. ‘The land was very suitable to grouse and they seemed to respond nice- ly to the little care given to them by the keepers. There was quite a good crop of grouse. But the land was not suitable for pheasants, much of it being moun- tainous and. rocky and dry; there was a decided shortage of grasshoppers and other insects suitable for young pheas- ants. Hence the keepers used maggots, and I believe I have recorded a remark- able accident which resulted in the loss of practically all the young pheasants. A heavy hen jumped on the rim of a big THE GAME BREEDER pail full of maggots. The pail was stand- ing on a hillside and easily was tipped over. The young birds were killed by eating large numbers of fresh maggots. There can be no doubt that maggots are excellent food for young birds when they are properly prepared and fed spar- ingly. They seem to be quite necessary in places where there are no insects. Meal worms, however, always advertised in The Game Breeder, would seem to be a clean substitute now easily procured. At the Long Island Game Breeders’ As- sociation and in fact at the many game farms and preserves I have visited the in-. sects seem to be sufficiently abundant and maggots are never used. It is well to know how to secure maggots, how- ever, since in a very dry season there may be a shortage of insects, which would make it quite necessary to use some substitute. How to Raise Maggots.: Mr. Gene M. Simpson, of Oregon, a very successful breeder of pheasants, always uses the larvae of the common blue fly (maggots). When this food is used, he says, “nothing else need be fed, except greens occasionally. However, the chick food or cracked wheat should be kept before them that they may learn to eat it and be prepared to adapt them- selves to the whole wheat diet when the larvae food has been discontinued, which should be done gradually. The objec- tion to the larvae food is the offensive odor ordinarily associated with it. This must be overcome by raising the larvae scientifically. Contrary to the common- lv accepted idea, the larvae of the fly pre- fer fresh to decaying meat. Professor McGillivray, of Queen’s University, To- ronto, who has successfully raised ring- neck pheasants, says: “Our investiga- tion and study of entomology prove to us that maggots, separated from their usual surroundings, are just as clean and odorless as young chickens. Flies do not lay their eggs on tainted meat when fresh meat can be found, and maggots are clean feeders from choice and thrive best on fresh meat.” If the following method is employed, 175 there will be little or no odor. Secure a quantity of green bone and meat trim- mings coarsely ground together. Take a tin pan with straight sides at least three inches deep and cover bottom with shorts, bran or fine dirt, preferably bran, as the shorts have a tendency to pack. On this place the bone and meat mixture and leave where the flies may have access to it. In warm weather the fly eggs will hatch in about two days’ time and the bone mixture will be partially dried up. The larvae are adverse to strong light and will be found to have gone to the bran. They must now have something to feed upon. Remove the bone mixture and place thin slices of fresh liver on the bran. Turn the bone mixture back on top of the slices of liver. In a few hours the larvae will all leave the bone mixture and be under and feeding upon the liver. After this the bone mixture should be thrown away. In a day’s time the liver will be eaten to shreds and-must be re- newed with a fresh supply of thinly sliced liver or fresh meat, and so on each day until the larvae are practically full grown. This will take nearly a week’s time and they may then be fed to the young pheasants. The larvae must be fed on liver or meat as long as they are on hand. As soon as they are matured they will descend into the bran or dirt and change into the pupa state. In feed- ing the liver or meat, feed only enough to be consumed in twenty-four hours’ time. The assimilating power of the larvae is so great that it can change every particle of meat or liver (except fibre) to larvae, consequently there can be no smell. The object in cutting the liver or meat thin is that it all may be con- sumed before having time to become tainted. Keep an extra supply of liver in a cool place, and a little charcoal, such as is used to feed chickens, sprinkled over and under it, will tend to keep it fresh. Readers who do not find it necessary to use larvae because there are plenty of insects in their fields will do well to write to the Spratt’s Patent, Limited, Newark, New Jersey, and ask for their little book- let on feeding and rearing pheasants. All the game keepers in America use the Spratts foods, and many of them suc- 176 cessfully rear thousands of pheasants every season. Beginners should write and get a little food before they purchase young pheasants. Often they come to the office of the Game Breeder to inquire about food for pneosonis Long, Long iene on the Way. A Western reader writes we are satis- fied if we wait for the State to furnish good shooting we will have a long time to wait. We will take the advice of The Game Breeder and start something. There is plenty of room. Do not be afraid that anyone will call you a duke or a lord if you provide good shooting for a lot of guns in a place where there would be none without the farmers’ per- mission. If anyone calls you names tel! him to go to—well, anywhere. The old song, “Shoo fly, don’t bother me,” can be sung for his entertainment to advantage. How to Do It. The State-Departments are doing the best they can. They cannot perform an impossibility. The farms are posted. The farmers insist that game wardens must protect them against trespassers. The necessity for sportsmen taking our ad- vice and combining to share the expense of some good quail and grouse shooting is evident. Quail shooting is the cheap- est and the best. The dues in some of the quail clubs are only $15 to $25 per year, and the good shooting and the food obtained are “well worth the money. Be sure and employ some one, at least part of the time, to control the enemies of the game and see that the birds have a little brush or other cover at the fences, and that a little food be planted and left standing, Stop shooting after you have shot a few hundred quail and find there are only enough stock birds left for breeding purposes. If you want a few pheasants in order to have a mixed bag, our advertisers will send them promptly end insure live delivery if you pay a lit- tle extra for the insurance. If for any reason your breeding stock gets too low drop a line to the nearest game farmer advertising in The Game Breeder, and he will repair the loss. THE GAME BREEDER Treat the farmer right, shoot in an or- derly manner and take our word for it you will not sell the bird dogs or will purchase some more if you have already quit the game in disgust and have sold Fido and Don. If you find any kickers in the neigh- borhood, inivte them into the game; give them some good shooting ; point out some posted farms and tell them to get busy. Arrange for the sale of some game if necessary to keep expenses down. You will make the people who eat it good friends of field sports. Glad to Support the Game Breeder. The Marmot Pheasantry writes: Con- tinue the same space for another year. We are glad to support the movement, and The Game Breeder has brought re- sults. In fact, we have been unable to fill even a small portion of our orders for ring-necks. Week before last we re- turned a check for $2,000 because we could not fill the order. We never have been able to establish a market for the ornamental birds and are nearly disgusted with them. (We are advising the new game shooting clubs to purchase some ornamental birds as a side line and some of the owners of country places also are doing so. The demands for sporting birds always will be larger than the demand for aviary species, but we believe the demand for the last named will increase.—- Editor.) Good : News. One of our readers who went into the service, as many did, writes: ‘We sold out everything that we had in the line of birds. We are looking for a farm, and as soon as we find one that will suit our requirements we will start fixing it up for next season, and we will raise more birds than ever before. We will have a full line of fancy birds and ducks. I hope soon to place my ads. in The Game Breeder, as we found that we re- ceived more inquiries through your paper than from any other. I will take pleas- ure in letting you know how we are get- ting along, as I know you always are in- terested in hearing from the: various game breeders in this country. THE GAME BREEDER _ There seems to be a very large demand as we have received a great number of inquiries for both eggs and birds, and 1 should think that another year would see the demand increased, as there will be more going into game breeding when all the boys get out of the service. Egg Importations. A number of breeders report that they will import some eggs of various species next season. Possibly eggs again will come in good numbers from England, as they did before the war. We are inclined to believe, however, there are more pheasants in America than there are in England and that both pheasant and wild duck eggs will be produced next season in sufficient numbers to fully sup- ply the demand. Some of the places which now have hundreds of breeding birds will have thousands, and places which were regarded as big a few years ago will have to move rapidly if they keep up with some of the new commer- cial farms which we are told will be started with an abundance of capital. Some of them already are asking for the rates for advertising space. New Customers. The Game Breeder sees the importance of creating many new shooting custom- ers for the advertisers. Although the business is so good now that some say they do not find advertising at all neces- sary, if the creation of game farms only is promoted and no shooting clubs are created to take their products the busi- ness soon will be overdone. The State game officers have been stimulated to become good customers by the “more game and fewer game laws” breeze, but the limit of their capacity soon will be reached, since in many States there are State game farms in- tended to produce all the eggs and birds needed. Our activity will largely be devoted to creating new shooting customers. We have plans for several in hand now, in as many States, and all will need stock birds and eggs, which will be purchased from our advertisers if they heed our ad- 177 vice and help those who have made game breeding possible by supporting the cause with their advertising. Peculiar Industry. It seems peculiar to some advertisers that the game protectionists and “other- wise than by shooting” enthusiasts are so eager to pursuade them not to advertise their game birds. The reason why re- wards are offered to people to induce them to desert the cause and its magazine should be evident. The arguments are plausible and the time given to them indi- cates the alarm which exists. We man- age to keep well posted on the perform- ances of people who are in favor of game farming but opposed to game shooting. We know that the shooting is the induce- ment to production. The Game Conserv- ation Society is the only society actively engaged in creating new shooting clubs and in planning country places for their owners so that they will produce game in abundance for shooting. We can see the necessity for short sea- sons, small bags and even for putting quail and grouse on the song bird list. We do not oppose such legislation, but ask simply that a clause be added stating that game-shooting customers as well as game farmers be excepted from the laws intended to save the vanishing State game. We prefer to see the quail season kept open for everybody, as it is on Long Island, New York, where the quail clubs not only keep up the quail supply on their grounds, owned or rented for shooting, but also on other lands open to the public. Often we have pointed out that the noisy game refuge is better than any quiet refuge where shooting is prohib- ited. The noisy places provide good shooting for all the guns the land can carry and more than could safely shoot on the area were it not for the practical protection given to the game. Quiet refuges only add to the number of farms posted against shooting, and we think there are enough of these in most of the States. The number evidently is in- creasing. Few sportsmen now insist 178 that others should not provide shooting on places where there was none and never would be any without industry. The Dukes and Lords argument ad- vanced by game politicians and profes- sional game savers became a back num- ber when the inexpensive quail clubs proved how easy it is to have inexpensive shooting in States where the quail is not a song bird. They have been able to keep the bird off of the song bird list and always will be able to keep the quail shooting good. To get back to advertising. The Game Breeder only wants advertisers who get results and who are willing honestly tc stand up for the right and sustain a good cause, which surely has put game breed- ing on the map and which promises quickly to make North America the big- gest game producing country in the world. The Game Market. Reports coming to The Game Breeder indicate that the fall market for live game opened strong with comparatively few birds being offered, although many more birds have been reared this season than ever before—many thousands more. Breeders seem to be waiting to see what the prices are and we have many inquiries, both in the mail and from pre- serve owners, game-shooting club mem- bers and commercial dealers who call at the office when in New York. Several small breeders who have been in recently said they had from three to eight hundred pheasants. All seemed disinclined to say just what their price was and they wished us to suggest the figure. A few who desired to sell part of their birds quickly, intending to hold the rest for better prices, suggested $4 for hen pheasants and $3 for cocks. There was one offer of a lot of cock birds as low as $2 each. Shooting clubs should take up birds at this price quickly since they will sell readily for $2.50 each in the market after the shooting and probably for more. We predict that the price soon will be $5 for hens and $3 and $4 for cocks and that it will go up as the season ad- vances. THE GAME BREEDER There is much uncertainty, however, since the crop reported throughout the country is very large and if many of the big breeders, who have large numbers of birds, should decide to sell promptly and not wait for better prices the market might be temporarily affected. We know about eighty new places, shooting clubs and shooting places owned by individuals who want a good lot of. birds, that we feel confident that every bird offered in The Game Breeder will be sold at a sat- isfactory price. The cost of labor and feed having been high, the birds must bring good prices and we are sure they will. Aviary Species. The prices of ayiary species are about the same as last season. There seems to be as much variation in price as there was last year. Some breeders having an unusually successful lot of one or more species being willing to dispose of them at a reasonable price. We have letters from game-clubs and preserve owners which indicate that they : have decided to take.our advice and pur- chase some aviary species as a side line. There seems to be a strong demand for Reeves, due no doubt to our suggestion that a few of these would look well in the bag. Several new “shoots” will give them a trial. We have a new scheme which will put up the prices when we announce it, as we will soon with some illustrations. Wild Ducks. There seems to be even more uncer- tainty about the duck prices than there is about pheasants. The liberal oppor- tunities for trapping ducks, under the Federal permits which cost nothing, sug- gests that large numbers of ducks prob- ably have been trapped and many more will be when the birds come from the north. There are hundreds of places where skilled labor is employed which are visited by wild fowl, attracted by the birds bred on the ground and by the abundant food, and were it not for the fact that we have started a lot of new places we would be inclined to think that THE GAME BREEDER the ducks might have become so abun- dant as to affect the price. Commercial breeders and game shoot- ing clubs which intend to breed a big lot of ducks for sport want ducks that will lay eggs and it is well known that freshly trapped ducks will not usually do so the first season. Mr. Dusette, of Bad Axe, Michigan, who is one of the biggest breeders of ducks, has the right idea and brands all young ducks as re- quired by the Federal regulation so that they can be shot at any time after their purchase. Readers no doubt have observed the offering of teal of Mr. Klein, of Kansas. The price seemed to us to be low, but no one can say until more reports are in just how many teal and other wild ducks have been trapped and how many will be taken and sold in October and November. The duck business soon would be badly overdone were it not for the fact that we are starting new shoot- ing clubs where a very large number of ducks will be shot next fall. Game farm- ers who have teal and other ducks war- ranted to lay eggs will quickly sell al! the birds they may offer and we would strongly advise game farmers to put as many ducks as possible into the proper condition to lay eggs since the future demand, we are sure, will be for egg- producers. The eggs of species other. than the mallard all will demand much better prices than the common stock duck eggs. Wild Geese. The prices of wild geese remain about the same as last year. The demand from those who know the game is for mated pairs warranted to lay eggs. Fresh _ trapped geese probably will be abundant and cheap. But this of course depends on how many geese have been trapped and how extensive the trapping will be extatialllie Sportsmen who were opposed to trap- ping wild birds for breeding purposes rapidly have been conyerted to the idea that it is a good thing to do. The more wild fowl bred on club grounds and country places the better it will be for 179 all hands, since more birds will go out from such places where the shooting is lively than will ever be seen to leave a quiet refuge. The sportsmen who shoot the abundant birds they produce leave a lot of good shooting for those who are not industrious. Since the market for fowl is good anyone can get into the game by forming a shooting club. The sale of part of the birds shot will keep the expenses down. Almost anyone can breed wild ducks successfully. They are the best birds for beginners. A very small pond, natural or artificial, is big enough for a few hundred duck. Wood Duck. There have been some inquiries for wood ducks and the price seems to vary much, from $10 a pair up. The doubt which seems to exist as to the right of owners of wood duck to shoot their birds naturally checks the increase of this species. We have no doubt that an owner who produces wood duck and shoots some of them for his table or even for sale is clearly within his rights, “‘in order to increase the food supply,” as the section preventing any interference with game farms and preserves reads. It would seem peculiar to arrest a food producer just now because the food was utilized. Since wood duck, no doubt, will be shot at some of the places before long, the matter may possibly be passed on by a court. We think it would be a good plan to arrange for an amicable case if those in authority have any doubts about the matter. A wood duck can be shot and a case made up which the court no doubt would decide quickly, both sides being ready and friendly. The writer would be willing to be the goat. There can be no doubt there will be a very big demand for the acorn or sum- mer duck as soon as all doubts about its shooting status are determined. The bird is one of the best wild food birds in the world. It is easily bred beside wooded ponds, and where acorns or other wild foods are plentiful it can be produced in good numbers cheaply. The flesh is delicious and the shooting should open in August. 180 Since the wood duck is such excellent food it will quickly become tremendously abundant when the sportsmen are sure that it will pay to get busy. Buffaloes. There seems to be only a very small demand for bison and the market would seem to be over supplied. As a sporting animal they have seen their best days. Vast plains and very wild buffaloes which tested the capacity of good horses were just right for sport, but no one cares to shoot a buffalo in a park and the meat is not very desirable. The offering of Mr. Leach in the August Game Breeder is the only offer of bison which has come to our notice recently, and we have not yet had a re- port as to the result from the adver- tisement. Near Mallards. The near mallard, which was pur- chased and shot in large numbers when nothing else could be had, suffered from the comments about its bad behavior on many shoots and now that more speedy birds are obtainable there is small de- mand for the slow ducks. Breeders have introduced trapped birds to advan-. tage and have much improved the char- acter of their birds where any near mal- lards were held for breeding purposes. Northern Quail. The few northern quail offered brought almost any price the breeder chose to ask for them. Many are held for breeding purposes and are not for sale. ; Mexican Quail. Mexican quail no doubt will sell well as soon as the authorities are willing to open the market for this food bird. There have been many complaints about the arbitrary rulings limiting the open season for importations. It seems in- comprehensible that any objections should be made to food production. The fact that the price of the food is high should not affect the matter because there are people who will pay good prices and THE GAME BREEDER they leave the less expensive foods for others, and also the food quickly will become cheap when it becomes very abundant, as it surely will. Those who advertised quail in The Game Breeder all reported they were swamped with orders and were obliged to return a lot of money. They report that on account of a dry season the quail seem to be scarce and that they hold enough orders to take all the birds they expect to get, and those whose orders were in last season must be supplied first. It seems likely that bob-whites will sell for $30 a dozen. Scaled and Gambel’s will bring lower prices until experiments made by the Long Island Game Breeders’ Association and other shooting clubs we have persuaded to give these birds a trial report if the birds can be estab- lished and made a good sporting propo- sition in the north. The price meantime will be $15 or $20 for these birds and perhaps more. The Long Island Association will shoot these birds for a second time the coming season, but so few birds were obtained last year that it is uncertain if they have been established as wild breeding birds. A few wintered quite near the house and we have a report of one being seen by a careful observer fifteen miles away and others nearer the preserve. We never have had much confidence in ex- periments made with only a few birds, especially on a ground where the shoot- ing is opened too soon. Deer. The price of deer is a little higher than last year; $25 to $35 each. Rabbits. Often we have requests for informa- tion as to where cotton-tails can be pro- cured. Usually these requests come from quail clubs and other owners of upland “shoots.” It would seem that since rabbits are so abundant as to be a pest in some parts of the country that there should be plenty of them for sale at reasonable prices. They are a good animal to introduce and keep plentiful on any shooting ground, THE GAME BREEDER not only on account of the sport with the beagles, but also because they are a well known protection to quail. They are, as Owen Jones said, the foxes’ bread and butter. He can take them more easily than he can take quail and pps- sibly he enjoys the fun of chasing them. It is next to impossible to control all the foxes in most places. They seem to keep coming and no doubt are attracted by the abundant game from long dis- tances. We wish some of our advertisers who sell rabbits would give us the price, both for cotton-tails and jacks, for publica- tion. A little reading notice quoting those who wish to offer rabbits and a little comment about the desirability of our readers purchasing no doubt will help sell the rabbits. We will quote all prices furnished with the name and ad- dress of advertisers sending them. Shipping Rabbits. We have been asked if many rabbits can be shipped in one crate or if it should have separate compartments for each animal. We believe the last named method is deemed best. Partitions can be made light and cheap. A More Game Object Lesson. The Experimental Game Farms and Shoot of the Long Island Game Breed- ers’ Association often is visited by peo- ple who wish to see how the thing is done and to learn how to start similar places. ‘This is one of the objects of the Asso- ciation. If America quickly is to become a big game producing country it is quite necessary that large numbers of sports- men should combine to share the expense of opening up some of the posted farms. The work of the Conservation Society largely is devoted to the creation of new places, the bigger the better, provided many guns are taken care of. The number of people who will visit this interesting shoot on Long Island will grow when the place has thousands of. birds instead of hundreds. Being an in- expensive place, intended as an_ object lesson, it has been obliged to go slowly, 181 but it is successful and interesting. It now has members from four States somewhat widely separated. We are glad to be able to provide and show good shooting to people who reside in States where there is none worth talking about. Editor of The Game Breeder: I was much interested in Mr. Perry’s report regarding the results of eggs of pheasants, etc., etc., and would suggest your trying to get all large purchasers of eggs to make similar reports. Mr. Perry’s report would have been more to the point if he had stated the fertility of his purchases. Eggs are very elusive, as we all know. I have had some 60 eggs from a short distance from my home give me just seven chicks; they were brought by motor. Two hundred eggs carried carefully myself—60 chicks, etc. Mr. Perry’s report is again too bald. I do not believe it is always “transportation.” The fertility of the pens, how that spe- cial mating runs as regards fertility, the breed, etc., etc. The losses of experi- ments are never told. They are carefully concealed from the public, the general public. One never gets anywhere unless all the ups and downs are fully aired, and I would again suggest your getting out an issue with the truth, and nothing but the truth, from your various subscribers. One who really loves these things will not be discouraged by setbacks, but we will never advance scientifically unless these losses are thrashed out and some way discovered to test the eggs for fertil- ity before they are shipped. JEAN Cowprey Norton. (Mr. Norton gives very good advice. We hope our readers will send us notes about their difficulties and failures as well as notes about their successful operations. A game breeders’ magazine with a trouble depart- ment can be made interesting and instructive. Remember always you like to read what others say and that they will read with interest what you say. Practically every breeder in the United States as well as all the shooting cus- tomers read the magazine: Often they say they are interested in the work of others. So send in the notes, please.—Editor.) 182 ‘The Game Breeder PusLisHED MONTHLY Epirep sy DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER, 1919. TERMS: 10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance. Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. To All ForeignCountries and Canada, $1.25. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, INC. PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK D. W. Huntincton, President, F. R. Perxorto, Treasurer, J. C. Huntincton, Secretary. E, Dayton, Advertising Manager. Telephone, Beekman 3685. THE GAME BREEDING OUTLOOK. The Game Breeder soon will have a younger and more active editor. Look- ing back over the work accomplished we feel that it has been fairly well done and looking at the vast food producing in- dustry which is now country-wide, we take some satisfaction in the thought that the words “more game and fewer game laws” started a movement which has proved to be quite worth while. The wise old dean of sportsmen, the late Charles Hallock, when he wrote that we were right, predicted it would take a long time to overcome existing preju- dices and that he doubted if it would be possible to accomplish all that the pro- gram called for. The success of the movement is now well known to all of. the people. As amended, the United States Migra- tory Bird Law is perfectly satisfactory. The Biological Survey undoubtedly is ad- vancing the cause of game breeding which is given full and ample protection by Section 12. There is need for an educational campaign in order that the States may all have a simple law encour- aging and not preventing the profitable production of all species of game. The Game Breeder now can be made much better than it has been. Its circu- THE GAME BREEDER lation will be largely increased. Sample attempts in this direction easily indicate that a large circulation quickly will be obtained. Those who read the magazine continually procure new readers. Those who have birds or eggs to sell report splendid results and many advertisements come unsolicited. The opportunities for excellent sport soon will be much increased. Sport for all classes has nothing to fear from a great abundance of game, which seems. to be assured. The sales of ammunition, guns, dogs and the appliances for game breeding soon will indicate the value of the movement for “more game.” BUFFALOES, GROUSE AND GAME OWNERSHIP. Theré are a little over 3,000 bison or buffaloes in the United States. Approx- imately a little over 2,000 are owned by individuals. We believe we are right in saying that all the bison owned by governmental de- partments were procured by purchase from private owners or have been bred from animals so procured. Had it not been for game breeders the species would be extinct. A large herd of bison was sold to Can- ada some years ago because no one in the United States wanted them. There are said to be about 3,500 bison in Canada, and we presume these figures include the wild wood-bison, one.of which was shot by the late Harry Radford on his un- fortunate expedition which resulted in his death. Some of our older readers will remember his account of shooting the wood-bison. A law was enacted in Colorado pro- tecting the buffaloes at ali times while they still occurred in the State, but the animals became extinct while the law was in the books. The prairie grouse are suhag in States where easily they can be restored and made an abundant food crop as soon as it is possible to procure breeding stock. There probably will be no. de- mand for bison as objects of sport, but surely there will be, and is, a demand for the grouse. Fortunately many readers te GAME BREEDER of The Game Breeder are now holding on to a big lot of grouse, although under existing laws which prohibit shooting the birds appear not to be worth anything to anybody. The title to the grouse is fully as good as the title to the buffaloes saved by private breeders was and the govern- ment and individual purchasers recog- nized that it was good when they pur- chased bison. The largest owner who developed a herd from a few pair of an- imals made a small fortune when he sold .them. Those who are properly looking after their prairie grouse and sharp-tails have a small fortune in sight, since the birds and eggs will bring better prices than pheasants and they can be produced much less expensively on the farms with- out any injury to farm crops. They are wise in taking our advice to look after the birds, but some are impatient at the law’s delay in granting proper shipping facilities for this valuable farm product. They will soon thank. The Game Breeder for advising them to save the game, even if it appeared to be worthless, and they will soon praise it for creating a public sentiment which will result in their sell- ing birds and eggs, and will restore grouse shooting in States where the sport long has been extinct. CORRESPONDENCE Editor Game Breeder: You say in the August issue: “We wish many of our readers would write a few lines telling us about their good and bad luck during the breeding sea- son.” Well, then, good luck. I had a small “Ironclad” incubator going with 135 Mallard eggs laid by my own birds, which I started on June 7th. For the first week of incubation the weather was fairly favorable for incubator work. Along the second week, however, we ex- perienced a hot spell that lasted several days, and during which time I had some difficulty in keeping the incubator COOL enough. Then followed a few days of normal weather, and after this another hot spell with the thermometer at 110 degrees for days at a time. It was just about the most critical time, the incuba- 183 tor going at 103 degrees, and I felt obliged to turn off the heat on more oc- casions than one, cooling the eggs twice a day for 45 minutes each, as well as spraying the eggs twice a day with warm water. When hatching day came I got 115 ducklings out of 135 eggs, the whole process taking less than 24 hours; the shortest time for such number I ever ex- perienced. Surely it was good luck, the more remarkable since the eggs had been kept several weeks before incubation. Now for the ill-luck, “rotten luck,” to quote you. At the same time that I had started my small “ Ironclad” which, by the way, I much prefer to any other make for hatching duck eggs, I also started an- other incubator with 250 Mallard eggs, 100 of which were shipped to me by a western dealer. I am sorry to say that through misun- derstandings and the absence of the breeder these eggs were 10 weeks late in delivery, let alone the fact that they were seven days in coming a distance of less than 1,000 miles. At any rate, having tested the fertility of my own eggs, I had no misgivings when on June 7th I started both incubators with 385 eggs all told. The eggs came highly recommend- ed by one of the our most successful western breeders and were of a strictly wild stock. After less than 24 hours. of incubation a number of these 100 eggs popped and I was compelled to empty the incubator, wash all eggs as well as the walls and trays of the machine in fear of all eggs becoming spoiled, infect- ed, so to speak. This performance con- tinued until after the end of the second week there were but 34 of the original 100 eggs left, besides the 150 Mallard eggs of my own. I need not say that I was quite worried and that I did every- thing in my power to save the rest of the eggs. I kept the incubator scrupulously clean, being unable to obtain another one, when on the 24th day, in the morning, when I first got up and went over to see the incubator, 1 found that several of the remaining eggs had popped during the night, scattering their ill-smelling con- tents all over the eggs. Again I cleaned the incubator thoroughly, wiped the eggs 184 with a soft cloth dipped in warm solu- tion—about 1 to 10,000 boric acid and trusted in luck. But luck had deserted me in this instance, for NO EGGS HATCHED. Before burying the eggs for manure I made a hasty, very hasty I will say, examination of all remaining eggs and found most of them addled, 78 per cent of the shipped eggs being rot- ten, some 18 fertile but dead in the shell, while approximately 89 per cent of my eggs in the same incubator had been fer- tile but spoiled as a consequence of poisonous gases within the incubator. Taking 65 per cent as a fair hatching average that should have given me 162 ducklings out of 250 eggs, the potential value of which 162 ducklings would have represented over $400.00 by September, it was a serious blow financially as well as morally. I must here give full credit to the breeder who, when notified of my ill- luck, at once made good to the amount of my order by shipping corresponding number of live birds. Is this not a blue-ribbon winner for ill-luck ? Yours for more game, Z. TED DE KALMar.. Editor Game Breeder: As I am a reader of your magazine, The Game Breeder, I would like a little information concerning my ring-necked pheasants. REMINGTON ANIMAL CHART. The Remington natural history chart of game animals, just issued, combines artistic interest and educational value to a degree sel- dom accomplished in advertising. It is in the form of an art hanger for display in sporting goods stores, hardware stores and sportsmen’s clubhouses, and is reproduced by the lithographic process from a_ full-color drawing by Charles Livingston Bull. The artist, who enjoys a deservedly high reputa- tion for the distinguished, accurate and artis- tic character of his work, perhaps has never yet finished a drawing so interesting, and it surely will add measurably to his renown. Thirty-one different North American species are shown, the range being from the cotton- tail rabbit to the giant Alaska brown bear. They are placed in groups, appropriate to geographical distribution and character of the animals, are shown among their natural sur- THE GAME BREEDER roundings, and many are inaction. Tothose veterans .of the hunting trail who have made first-hand acquaintance with many of them it will be at once apparent that pains have been taken to display the natural characteris- tics of the animals in point of drawing and coloring. In addition to the animals, there is an at- tractive and accurate full-color drawing of a target range with a group of shooters enjoy- ing their sport of shooting bull’s-eyes with the ee ne rifle, the pistol and the military rifle. Recommended Cartridges. As embellishments, there are full-color illus- trations of the four most popular Remington auto-loading and slide-action repeating rifles, and forty-four most popular ball cartridges manufactured by Remington U. M. C. Rifles and cartridges, like the animals, are all care- fully marked for identification, and to a cer- tain extent the arrangement indicates the sizes of cartridges recommended as being most suitable for use in hunting the various game animals. The new hanger will be supplied to every Remington U. M. C. dealer, of which there are more than 82,700 in this country. In addi- tion, sportsmen’s clubs. and hunters’ resorts will receive them, and no doubt a certain number will find their way into the homes of individual sportsmen. Good Cause for Delight. A Red Cross man in the recreation room of one of the Debarkation Hospi- tals offered to send a telegram home for a returning wounded soldier. This is what the boy dictated: “Debarked, de- loused, delighted. Jim.” THE GAME BREEDER 185 YE UK ERETZS I < (=WKES=) —SWNZiiy VX a aE Wild Mallard Ducks and Ringneck Pheasants WRITE FOR PRICES Scarboro Beach Game Farm R. E. BULLOCK, Manager SCARBORO, - MAINE Member of the Game Guild We Furnish Eggs in Season F.B. DUSETTE & SONS’ GAME RANCH BAD AXE, MICH. BREEDERS OF Pure Wild Mallards, Black Ducks, Wild Turkeys and Bob White Quail Our game is grown on our 240-Acre Ranch, with natural feed on our Several Lakes, which makes our stock very attractive for Breeders, Shooting Clubs and Preserve Owners at a minimum price. Our birds comply with the Federal regulations which permit shooting andfsale. Contracts Now Open for August and September No Eggs for Sale This Season F. B. DUSETTE & SONS, BAD AXE, MICH. 186 THE GAME BREEDER Mallards, Teal, Quail and Japanese:-silkies Pure-bred Birds Raised Under Semi-Natural Conditions Z. TED DeKALMAR, R. F. D. No. 30, = Stamford, Conn. STATE GAME LICENSE No 123. FEDERAL PERMIT No. 1. RIVER LAWN GAME FARM R. H. SIDWAY GRAND ISLAND, ERIE CO., N. Y. Young Pheasants for Fall delivery extra fine, healthy non-related birds. My birds are raised for my own shooting and are very strong on the wing. Member of The Game Guild. Member American Game Breeders Society. BOOK ON DOG DISEASES And How to Feed Mailed free to any address by the Author Pioneer H. CLAY GLOVER CO., Inc., Dog Medicines}{118 West 31st Street, New York . THE HONEYSWEET BLACK RASPBERRY Best for Home and Market The bushes make good cover for game, Strawberry and Asparagus Plants. Price Lists Free. A. B. KATKAMIER MACEDON, N. Y. EF'OR SALE Elkhorn Park, consisting of 40 Acres under nine foot fence. Eight Buffaloes, seven Elk, Four black and three white English Fallow Deer, ten Japanese Sika Deer and a number of fawns and calves belonging to the Deer and Elk. Cy. DeVry said of my Game: ‘‘You have the finest band of Elk I ever saw, and your Buffaloes are equally fine.”’ Price for Land and Game $14,000. Reason for selling, I have been given eight months yet to live. This ‘‘ad”’ is for immediate sale and will not appear again. WARREN R. LEACH, Rushville, Ills. (Our readers will regret to learn of the illness of Mr. Leach, who has written some excellent articles for the Game Breeder and has sold many deer to readers of the magazine.—Zditor). BERT IS 4 x ; ; a j ‘ , {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘““Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER Blue-Winged Teal AM prepared to furnish Blue- Winged Teal to Game Breeders at the following prices in lots of ten or more pairs at $2.75 per pair. Single pairs at $4.00 per pair. Also a few other varieties such as Mallards, Pintails, Green-Winged Caleaniwed Steel Wire Netting For Fox Farms, Game Farms and Preserves. We are prepared to quote lowest prices for all widths up to 72 inches from % to 2 inch mesh, and No. 14 to 20 gauge. We can guarantee prompt deliveries to any point. If you are going to start a game ranch, farm or preserve this year, or contemplate enlarging your old one, get our prices be- fore placing your order elsewhere. Price list on application, estimate, freight paid if you will send specifications of what you require. Fenimore Haverstick & Co., Inc. 109 Chancery St., Trenton, N. J. Teal, Spoonbills, Coots, at very at- tractive prices. The Game Breeder has done more for the propagation of birds -than any other magazine. I believe every Game Breeder should support the paper for this cause. Geo. J. Klein Breeder and Dealer in all kinds of Birds Ellinwood, Kansas Spice List on Gi . GF ‘ Appl: ica 70 1, EES ‘ lars. BALDWIN PALMER , Villa Serena, Sea Cliff, Long Island, N. Y. Member of the Game Guild. 6t GAME BIRDS AND DEER BREEDERS are advised to try a Breeders’ Card similar to those on this page, $5.00 per month. Dis- count for Yearly contracts. THE GAME BREEDER 150 Nassau Street, New York WATER FOWL. | can supply nearly all species of wild water fowl and eggs at attractive prices. Mallards, Pin- tails, Teal, Canvasbacks, Red Heads, Gadwalls, _Widgeons, Spoonbills, Canada Geese, Snow Geese and other wild ducks and PGs Write, stating what you want. GEORGE J. KLEIN, Naturalist Ellinwood, Kansas writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘“‘Yours Mallard-Pintail for More Game.’ THE GAME BREEDER 191 ing. Herbert K. Job, Secretary FOR SALE—RINGNECKED PHEASANTS Strong, healthy birds, absolutely free from disease, good for breed- This season laying was 4000 eggs per hundred hens. Write to AMSTON GAME CLUB Amston, Conn. WILD TURKEYS Pure Bred Wild Turkeys Eggs in Season MARY WILKIE Beaver Dam, Virginia Member of the Game Guild | have some Ringnecks and Goldens for sale from this year’s | hatching. B. J. PROCTOR Watson Blvd., Kearney, Nebraska DARK MALLARD Black Duck, Mallard Hybrids eseser Sais These ducks are reared on free range <= especiallyfor shooting and for decoys. =~ They are strong on the wing. egg producers under control Big | we Price $3.50 per pair; $1.75 each - “aS = ALBERT F. HOLMES 8 Bosworth St., Boston, Mass. Member of the Game Guild ““POSSOM HOLLOW ”’ Game Park and Pheasantry Wild Mallards, Teals, Pintails and Coots; Golden, Silver, Reeves, Ringneck and Amherst Pheasants; Wild Geese, Quails. WM. M. ROCKEL, ur. R. F. D. No. 9, Springfield, Ohi EGGS FOR HATCHING—PHEASANTS—ENGLISH Ringneck, $35.00 for 160 eggs. English Ringneck, $3.60 per clutch. Golden, $55.00 for 160 eggs. Golden, $6.00 per clutch. Cash with order. Satisfaction guaranteed. OCCONEECHEE FARM, Poultry and Game Depart- ment, Hillsboro, North Carolina, : 8t RABBIT AND HARE SOCIETY OF CANADA Breeders should write for constitution and by-laws, JOHN E, PEART, Secretary, Hamilton, Ontario, 12t GRAY STAR PHEASANTRY Breeder of all kinds of pheasants. Eggs in season. Pure brand, strong, healthy birds for sale. GIFFORD GRAY, 21 Ward St., Orange, N. J. LIVE GAME PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, HENS, $4.00; Cocks, $2.00; Silver and Golden, $8.00, per pair; Amherst, $15.00 per pair. All 1919 hatch. CLASSIC LAKE WILD FOWL FARM, L. V. Junkin, Owner, Manzanita, Oregon. 9. 3t WANTED TO BUY... PHEASANTS.______. I WANT Silvers. Lady Amherst, Golden and Reeves, Quote Prices, Age and Quantity, s, ; Morgan’s. Phsntry, 244 E. 61st St., Los Angeles, Cal, WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement in this issue. W. J. MACKENSEN, Yardley, Bucks County, Pa. PHEASANTS FOR SALE—RINGNECKS, SILVER, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Versicolor, Man- churian Eared. ROBINSON BROS,., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada. 3t BREEDER IN THE WEST WHO CAN FURNISH Hungarian Partridges, write P. W. SCHWEHM, 4219 4th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Wash. PHEASANTS AND EGGS FOR SALE, GOLDENS, Lady Amhersts, Versicolors, Manchurian Eared, Gold- en Eggs $5.00, and Lady Amherst $7.00 per dozen. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ontario, Canada, 2t WILD DUCKS The practical rearing of wild ducks is fully described in the illustrated book, ‘‘Our Wild Fowland Waders,’”’ written by the Editor of the Game Breeder. Price $2.00 post paid. THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers 150 Nassau St., New York FOR SALE—Pheasants and eggs. pheasant family. Pamphlet with order free. BUCK- WOOD PHEASANTRIES, Dunfield, Warren Co., New Jersey. (1ot) Everything in the QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND other animals. See display advertisement in this issue. WM. J. MACKENSEN, Proprietor Pennsylvania Pheas- antry and Game Park. BELGIAN HARES—GET YOUR BREEDERS FROM me, pedigreed and utility matured and young stock for sale, best grade stock. State wants fully, no catalog. ROSEDALE RABBITRY,‘‘Reliable Rabbit Raiser,’’ 730 College Ave., Rosedale, Kansas. FOR SALE—PHEASANTS, PEA FOWL, PIGEONS, Poultry, Bantams and Pit Games Eggs from the above stock for sale. Rabbits, Cavies, Squirrels, fur- bearing animals, etc. I buy, sell and exchange. L. L. KIRKPATRICK, Box 273, Bristol, Tenn. WANTED—WHITE PEAFOWL, EITHER SEX, Pied Peafowl, Soemmerring, Cheer, Hoki and German Peacock Pheasants, Ruffed Grouse, and White Squirrels. Also Swinhoes; state price and number. R.A. CHII.ES & CO., Mt. Sterling, Ky. Pheasants Wanted WANTED. ELLIOTT, MIKADO, SATYR, TRAGOPAN and Linneated Pheasants. Mature birds only. Write A. J. MERLE, Alameda, Cal. ot in writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.” THE GAME BREEDER Notice to Purchasers. Purchasers can rely upon advertisers in The Game Breeder. Society has a committee known as the Game Guild, which investigates The Game Conservation complaints promptly and insists upon fair dealing under a penalty of dismissal from membership and the loss of the right to advertise in the magazine. There are very few complaints in a year, for the most part due to shipments of eggs. These have been uniformly adjusted to the satisfaction of the seller and purchaser. Any member making a complaint should state that in placing his order he mentioned the fact that it was due to an advertisement in The Game Breeder. All mem- bers of the Society are urged to buy from those who support the publication by advertising in it. FIVE VARIETIES OF PHEASANTS, WILD DUCKS. Wild Geese, Brants, Wild Turkeys and other Game, List for stamp. G. H HARRIS, Taylorville, Illinois. 4t FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—FOR FANCY DUCKS geese or pheasants. 15 pair of 1918 hatch Muscovey ducks. 15 pair 1918 pit games. Grey’s, Spangles, and Black Breasted Reds. Genuine pit birds. Ducks $8.00 per pair, $10.00 per trio. ED. J. MEYER, Meyer Lake Stock Farm, Canton, Ohio. 2t SEVERAL HUNDRED PHEASANTS FOR SALE, Ringneck, Reeves, Golden and Amherst. A. R. MIL- LER, East Greenbush, N. Y. 3t. FOR SALE—Young Golden Pheasants. C. W. SIEGLER, Bangor, Wis. 2t THE BLACK SIBERIAN HARE, THE GREATEST rabbit for flesh and fur in the world. Send for full information and price list. SIBERIAN FUR FARM, Hamilton, Canada. 6t DOGS HOUNDS—ALL KINDS. BIG 50 PAGE CATALOGUE 10¢. ROOKWOOD KENNELS, Lexington, Kentucky, THE BLUE GRASS FARM KENNELS, of Berry, Ky., offer forsale setters and pointers, fox and cat hounds, wolf and deer hounds. Coon and opossum hounds, var- mint and rabbit hounds, bear and lion hounds, also Aire- dale terriers. All dogs shipped on trial, purchaser to judge the quality, satisfaction guaranteed or money re- funded. Sixty page, highly illustrated, instructive and interesting catalogue for ten cents in stamps or coin, FOODS WILD DUCK FOODS Wild duck food plants, and seed, Wild Celery, Sago Pond Weed, Widgeon grass, Red head grass, Chara and other kinds. There are hundreds of thousands of acres of water marshes where these, the best of duck foods, will grow and hold the game. Write and learn how to do it. WHITE’S GAME PRESERVE, Waterlily, N. C. Currituck Sound, GAMEKEEPERS GAMEKEEPER AT LIBERTY. RELIABLE, WANTS position on club preserve or game farm, Experienced on game and ornamental birds or animals, gun dogs and extermination of vermin. MILTON, in care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, 6t WANTED — POSITION AS MANAGER ON GAME farm or shooting preserve. Long experience raising game birds. Understand raising and training shooting dogs, and trapping vermin, A. S. B., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y. WANTED. SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training. Married. Apply H. care of THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. ; GAMEKEEPER DESIRES SITUATION, THOR- oughly understands all duties, etc. Best references from Europe and this country. . J. F., care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. 4t EXPERIENCED Fish Breeder, Game Keeper and Horti- culturist, understands trapping and shooting, 34 years old, single, with best references, desires position on country seat of American gentleman. A. S., care of Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York. WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER WITH a game shooting club or preserve owner, Experienced in breeaing all species of game, dog breaking and the - control of vermin, Good reierences, WM, J. STRANG, care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York, MISCELLANEOUS RAISE SILVER FOXES, NEW SYNDICATE JUST started, New plan. .\ot much money needed, Your location will not interfere, Particulars free. C. T. DRYZ, 5244 South Maplewood Ave., Chicago, Illinois. FOR SALE—Two places, on ‘‘ Currituck Sound” in heart of wild duck section, with marsh, also high land for quail shooting. Ideal for building game preserves, and shooting on sound. Address Box 1, Waterlily, N.C., Currituck County. YOUNG MAN, RETURNED FROM FOREIGN service, General knowledge of game breeding and farming. Exceptional dairy experience. Thoroughly experienced in handling pedigreed horses, catthe and sheep. Best reference. Available right away. J. A. TYLER, care of THOMAS MacINTYRE, 9129 121st Street, Richmond Hill, Long Island, N. Y. BREEDING STOCK OF PHEASANTS FOR SALE --Ringnecks, Silver, Goldens, Mongolians, Formosan, Prince of Wales, Lady Amhersts, Reeves, Swinhoes, Melanotus, Japanese Versicolors, Manchurian Eared. ROBINSON BROS., Aldershot, Ont., Can. “THE RANCH BRED FOX,” THE.BEST BOOK published on Fox farming. Tells all about this wonderful industry. Price 25c, postpaid. THE BLACK FOX MAGAZINE, 15 Whitehall St., New York. WANTED—SITUATION AS GAMEKEEPER. EX- perienced on game rearing and dog training, Excellent references. Age 36, married. W. E. B.,.care of The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York City. WANTED, A SMALL COUNTRY PLACE ON LONG Island with a house of six or eight rooms and land suit- able for farming. State acreage, location, price and terms. . B. J., care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., N. Y. WANTED TO RENT, WITH PRIVILEGE OF purchase, Long Island farm with good buildings. Place must have a small pond or stream suitable for ducks. GAME PRESERVE, care Editor Game Breeder, 150 Nassau Street, New York. ¥ {n writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ““Yours for More Game.” - Quail, Bobwhites and Other Species NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY QUAIL FROM Mackensen Game Park. I carry the largest stock.in America of live game birds, ornamental birds and quadrupeds. Also Pheasant Eggs by the 100 &1000 I am prepared to fill the largest orders for Pheasants and Eggs, and for years I have filled: practically all of the large State orders for both Partridges and Pheasants. All Pheasant Eggs Are from My Own Pens Pheasants ; My Pheasant pens hold thousands of _ Pheasants and I am prepared to furnish _ these birds in large numbers to State de- partments, individual breeders and preserves. Wild Duck | Mallards, Black Duck, Teal; Wood Duck, Pintails and other species : can be supplied in large numbers at at- tractive prices. Also Mandarins and ll other water fowl. . Now is the Time to Buy Wild Turkey Eggs a Wild Turkeys I am now the largest breeder and dealer in Wild Turkeys and can supply these birds in good numbers to State Departments and preserve owners. a I carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. My ponds now contain nearly 200 best _ Royal Swans of England. I have fine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large Europear _ PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. My pheasant pens contain over a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. I have 60 acres _ of fand entirely devoted to my business. Can also promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS. RABBITS, etc Orders booked during summer. B I have for years filled practically all the large State Orders and have better | facilities for handling large orders than any other firm. Write me before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do so, Your visit solicited. I am only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelphia. WM. J. MACKENSEN _ Department V. gam YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA. i, Pi eae? Member of The Game Guild Game Farm or Preserve A large tract of land suitable for a game farm or preserve is offered for sale at an attractive price. The land is near New York on a good Automobile Road and contains a large pond and stream. There are some trout and the waters can be made to yield large numbers of these fish. The land is suitable for deer, upland game and wild ducks. I shall be pleased to share this property to anyone wishittg to start ae game farm or preserve. . The place is within fifty miles of the City and can be reached by Automobile in an hour and a half. For particulars address, OWNER Care Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York 56 ee pe fi | 3 2044 118 637 164 Date Due