‘ SAD cee
JANUARY, 1913 V2 V~ ¥ MAN lz 192] PRICE TEN CENTS

= ———]— SS] S1 = zi
‘ee ty The “

CALIFORNIA BEAUTIES

“This little girl is a native of the State of California, which
produces the best game birds—the Valley Quail.”

Picture sent by Wm. N. Dirkes. The little girl is his daughter.

a,

| Oe

Spe

GOOD BOOKS FOR SPORTSMEN

(4p >.

THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY recommends the

books for Sportsmen.

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Order no

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10%, giving the date tor delivery.

OUR FEATHERED GAME
By DwicHT W. HuNTINGION

In this book all of the North American game
birds are described and pictured.
many short shooting stories, illustrations,
shooting scenes in color and bird portraits.

RRICGR ay eeeracre Pe eetoese, os AGM 2 92200

OUR BIG GAME
A Book for Sportsmen and Nature Lovers
By DwiGHt W. HUNTINGTON

Uniform with his former book, *' Our Feath-
ered Game.” With sixteen illustrations from
photographs of wild animals.

8vo $2.00 net.

“Certain to delight any sportsman or naturalist, and also
that larger class of men with good red blood in their veins,
who must hunt and have adventures vicartously.””

— Brooklyn Eagle.

““Written by one who has not only been a sportsman
but who knows how to tell his story entertainingly.”’
—Loston Herald.

OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS
By DwicHTt W. HUNTINGTON

This is the first book written on the practical
raising of wild fowl by an American for Amer-
ican readers. It describes the breeding, migra-
tion and food habits of wild fowl, tells how to
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natural waters or to introduce them on artificial
ponds. It also explains how to shoot them
without causing them to desert.

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SOME BIG GAME HU!
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Columbia, which ngictied die mi
and goats.

by one who has practical exper
years. It will prove to be especia
and valuable to American readers no\
are going in for more game.

WILD DUCKS ;
BY CAPT. W. C. OATES®

Captain Oates has written a valuable |
book on the breeding and manageme:
ducks. It should be in every game libr

ty

Add 50 Cents to the cost of any book and we will send it, post paid, wi
Tue Game Breeper for 1 year, to any address in the United States.

THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY

150 NASSAU STREET - -

Gircs

NEW YORK CITY —

THE GAME BREEDER 97

CONTENTS

Survey of the Field—Report of the National Association of Audubon So-
cieties—Field Agents’ Reports—Duck Shooting for Road Houses—Well-
to-do Pot Hunters—A Remedy for Road Houses—More about New
Jersey—But!— A Letter From President Napier— The Amendment
Needed—Bob-white in New York—A Good Word for New Jersey.

Fresh Water Fish Culture - - - - - Hon. W. E. Meehan
Black Bass Culture—Suitable Sites and Water - Hon. W.E. Meehan
The State Game Departments—Article V, Kansas’ - By The Editor
The Kansas Fish and Game Laws - - - - Prof. L. L. Dyche
Effect of a Rational Game Law in Colorado - Hon. J. T. Holland
What They Say - - - - - - - - By Our Readers
Breeding Wild Animals’ - 2 - CEs YE Biological Report

The More Game States
Editorials—New Year’s Resolutions—Game Breeding in Connecticut—
Outings and Innings—Trade Notes, Etc.

SPRATT’S PATENT PHEASANT MEAL

Should be fed to the pheasants from the day they are hatched. To
prevent mortality in the young flock, commence using Spratt’s
Patent Pheasant Meal. It rears strong and vigorous birds.

We manufacture specially prepared
foods for

DOGS, PUPPIES,
CATS, RABBITS,
POULTRY, GAME,
BIRDS, FISH, etc.
Send stamp for “Dog Culture,” which contains much valuable information,

“Pheasant Culture,” price 25c. Picture Post Cards of Prize Winning Dogs—
3 series—6 cards to a set, 10c. per series.

SPRATT’S PATENT LIMITED,

Factory and Offices at NEWARK, N. J.

Depots at San Francisco, Cal.; St. Louis, Mo.; Cleveland, Ohio; Montreal, Can. Res. Supt. at Chicago, III.
New England Agency, Boston, Mass. Factories also in London, England, and Berlin, Germany.

In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘*Yours for More Game.”

98 THE GAME BREEDER

MORE GAME AND ONE DOLL:
MORE Game AND “The Game Breeder ee

The Game Conservation Society, Publishers, have planned a magazi
will be devoted to game and game fish, ‘‘from the egg to the kitchen.”
zine for farmers, sportsmen, dealers in live and dead game, hotel-keepers
others who are interested in game either for sport or for profit.

While propagation and the practical protection of game will occupy
‘ space, there will be many entertaining stories of shooting and fishing, esp
places where the shooting and fishing are worth while. The magazine will
to urge a reform in the game laws in States which have not amended t
so as to encourage game breeding.

Since game and game fish rapidly are becoming plentiful in many place:
the laws have been reformed so as to encourage the industry of game bree
_becomes important to know how to cook and serve HSS desirable foods.
will be a department on game cookery. cy

mhere will be ante about the gun- anus used in baking game and aie
use dogs used in protecting game.

There will be a series of important articles about the State Game Depa :
What they are doing and what they should do, will be an important feature o
“Magazine during the years 1912 and 1913. ‘These articles will be written by
writers, instructed to tell the sportsmen and others interested just w
departments are doing. Needed reforms will be pointed out, and while these article
will be critical. there will be no ‘‘muck raking,” the object of the ma zi
being to aid and not to hinder, to be helpful and not destructive.

There will be a series of handsomely illustrated articles on American Ga
Clubs and Preserves. Many interesting places have been visited by those wh
preparing these articles, and the reader will be surprised to learn that the

scribed | in early issues of The Game Breeder.

The story of the ‘‘More Game” movement, its peculiar start, and its pr Xg
. up to date, will be interesting to all who believe that it will prove’ Mr. Huntin
contention, that, :

“It should be an easy matter to make North: mee the bi
game producing country in 1 the world.”

; The magazine goes to ceieral Hoacage men who are ‘actively intereste
practical game preserving for. sport, and :to- several hundred breeders ‘in the Un
States and Canada who are rearing game for profit.

THE GAME BREEDER $9

MORE GAME AND | 3 ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR
FEWER GAME LAWS Th c Game Breeder SINGLE COPIES 10 CENTS

Fish breeding and angling and fish cooking will be given much prominence
and there will be many authoritative articles on these subjects during the year.

It is an age of specialists, and The Game Breeder will always aim to be the
leader in its chosen field.

Since the editors wish to keep in touch at all times with the small breeders,
the game keepers and others who know most about game, the price of the magazine

has been made low in order that every one may take it.

Per Year, $1.00. Single Copies, 10 Cents

BOOKS FOR SPORTSMEN AND GAME BREEDERS.

To Our Readers:—We can furnish any book published and we shall be glad
to do so. By purchasing from. The Game Conservation Society you will aid the
“More Game” cause. A book and The Game Breeder for the year make a handsome
present. Add 50 cents to the cost of any book and we will send it with the

magazine anywhere in America. For Canada and Foreign Countries add 75 cents.

THE GAME BREEDER FOR THE NEW YEAR

Send us $1.00 and we will send the Game Breeder to any person in the United
States for one year. We will send also a card stating by whom the subscription

’

is paid. You can help the “More Game” cause by using the magazine as a gift.

A BOOK AND THE MAGAZINE

We will send any book published and the magazine for one year upon receipt
of the price of the book and fifty cents additional. A card will be sent on request .
with the book stating the name of the sender.

THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY, Publishers,
150 Nassau Street, - - : . NEW YORK

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Te Game Breeder

VOLUME II

JANUARY, 1913

NUMBER 4

Co)
SURVEY OF THE FIELD.

Report of the National Association of

Audubon Societies.

The eighth annual report of the Na-
tional Association of Audubon Societies
is interesting and instructive. The
cover is adorned with a very pretty
photograph of a little girl with a lap
‘full of young quail.

The secretary of the association says
the eighth year of the life of the asso-
ciation has been attended with a strong
continuance of that rapid growth which
has ever marked its history. Eight
assistants are now needed to handle
the office work and forty-one wardens
are employed to guard from feather-
hunters and eggers the colonies of wa-
ter-birds threatened with extinction.
The birds in most of the colonies have
had a prosperous year despite the
starvation of young on some of the
Maine islands, due to the failure of
food-supply, and the loss of eggs and
young in some of the Southern heron
colonies, caused by wind-storms.. The
birds which are primarily receiving the
benefit of ‘the wardens’ watchfulness
are: White and brown pelicans, her-
ring, western and laughing gulls, com-
mon, Arctic, Caspian, royal, cabots
and least terns, puffins, cormorants,
guillemots, egrets and other herons;
grebes, gallinules, rails, geese and va-
rious species of ducks. The secretary
estimates that from one to two million
birds inhabited the protected areas
during the past year.

It is interesting to sportsmen to
learn that the breeding places of some
of the wild food birds are protected.
Since these birds are migratory they
will continue to afford sport and food
for those who enjoy wild-fowling.

The Audubons will be interested to
learn that millions of upland game

birds now are given practical pro-
tection by members of the Game Con-
servation Society and readers of “The
Game Breeder.” While the Audubon
Association saves many sporting birds
on areas devoted to the practical pro-
tection of pelicans, gulls, herons and
terns, the Game Conservation Society
saves thousands of song and insecti-
vorous birds on reservations devoted
to the practical protection of upland
game. The two associations work in
perfect harmony. Many millions of
land and water birds are safely hatched
and reared every year.

Reports of Field Agents.

Not the least interesting matter in
the Audubon Association’s report is
the reports of the field agents. For-
bush, of New England; Katherine H.
Stuart, of Virginia; James H. Rice,
Jr., of South Carolina; Francis Har-
per, O’Kefenoke Swamp, Georgia; Dr.
Eugene Swope, Ohio; Jefferson But-
ler, Michigan; Wm. Lovell Finley, Pa-
cific Coast States; G. Willett, St. La-
zaria Reservation, Alaska, have inter-
esting reports about the conditions in
their localities and about the work be-
ing done.

Duck Shooting for Road-Houses.
The Audubon field agent for Michi-
gan says: The first work of your
field agent was to investigate reports
that came in last winter, as they had
in former winters, that wild ducks
were shot at the air-holes in the ice
in Lake Erie, the Detroit River, Lake
St. Clair, and the St. Clair River, and
disposed of to hotels and road-houses
along the Detroit River. These road-
houses make a specialty of providing
game out of season. Our game-ward-

102

ens evidently have been unable to
cope with the situation. A number
of these road-houses are along the
Canadian shore, and it has not been
possible to get the Canadian officials
‘to interfere, because they claim that
such game sold in Canada out of season

comes from the American side, so the’

Canadian law is not broken.

Well-to-Do Pot Hunters.

After studying the situation the
Michigan field agent says: I decided
to organize those who would give ef-
fective aid. Some of these men who
engage in pot-hunting are well-to-do,
with good reputations, who own their
own homes in Detroit. On this ac-
count I found it impossible to get
those interested in acting with me to
permit of any publicity in the matter
because these pot-hunters are their
old-time friends. A plan is being
framed whereby we expect to be able,
with the co-operation of the Canadian
authorities, to abolish this shooting.

A Remedy for Road-Houses.

While the Audubon Association is
busy in the laudable effort to stop
illegal shooting the Game Conserva-
tion Society will also be busy provid-
ing a remedy for the road-houses.
There are thousands of worthless
marshes containing small ponds;
sloughs and streams, in the region re-
ferred to, and some of these should be
occupied by game breeders who easily
and inexpensively can produce all the
wild ducks the road-houses can use,
and at the same time the Detroit and
other Michigan markets can be kept
full of this desirable food.

The Canadian Club and many Michi- -

gan clubs control excellent marshes
where the shooting is good, but this
shooting will be much better when
game breeding is undertaken, as it
soon will be. Our Michigan readers
are expressing a decided interest in
this subject and by the time the Audu-
bons get the illegal shooting for road-
houses stopped we believe’ the game
breeders of Michigan, including some
of the road-houses, will produce all
the wild fowl the people can eat. They

THE GAME BREEDER

laws permitted the bringing of g;

should all have “Our Wild |
Mi

More About New Jerse

Last month the president of
New Jersey Fish and Game Cor
sioners wrote that the New Je

into the State. He cited page 4
the New Jersey laws, which we
ed, and now re-print:

1. Whenever by the laws of any |
State or country it shall be lawful to tak
out of the confines of the said State
country any game, whether the same be f
or animal, it shall be lawful to bring s
game within the State of New Jersey;
vided, however, that nothing herein contai
shall permit the sale or exposure for sale
any such game. Any person violating the |
visions of this act shall be liable to a P

or ‘exposed for sale.
Approved April 13, 1908.
Borethe benefit of many new =

ber of “The Game Breeder,” the case
to which this refers was as follows

A member of the Game Breeders’
sociation which legally owns and re
game in New York State attem
to take two pheasants from the
farm to his home in New Jerseys

court and fined excessivena Soave
was late he settled and went home. It
seemed, from the letter from the com- —
missioner printed last month, that
arrest was illegal; it is evident from
the law he cited that he could lega ut
bring home his food:

But !

But there is another law in Ne
Jersey, which, it seems, is intended :
regulate the food after it is leg
brought home. Briefly, this law pro-
vides that one must be fined $20 and
costs for each bird legally brows
into the State, because it is
session” ! Arresting officers have
cided that the food is intended for
them, and that it was a mistake for
the owner to think the payment — of

THE GAME BREEDER

$20 and costs would entitle him to eat
his food. The president of the New
Jersey Commissioners (like most other
game officers in America and Canada)
is on the paid subscription list of “The
Game Breeder.” He is a friend of the
magazine and the paper is his friend,
of course. He promised promptly to
bring the case of the arrested breeder
before his board on the 12th. But he
found this would be useless. His let-
ter follows: :
Editor, “The Game Breeder”:

I have your letter of December 16th, and
beg to advise you that Mr. Lawton was not
arrested and punished because he was bring-
ing game into the’ State of New Jersey, as I
was informed in your first communication,
but because he had in his possession, when
apprehended by the warden, two English hen
pheasants, and our law approved February
28th, 1912, reads as follows:

“It shall be unlawful for two years from
the passage of this act to capture, kill, injure,
destroy or have im possession any female
English or ring-neck pheasant, under a pen-
altv of twenty dollars for each offense.”

This fine was paid and sent into the State
Treasury before this office knew of any pro-
test whatever having been made. This gen-
tlemen had the right to appeal his case from
the decision. of, the court imposing the pen-
alty, and no action on this case was taken
before the Board at its meeting held Decem-
ber 10th.

Respectfully yours,
Ernest NAPIER,
President.

Our readers will see that it is
through no fault of the honorable com-
missioners that people who legally
bring food into New Jersey are ar-
rested because they have it “in pos-
session.” It is up to them to see
that they do not “possess” it after
they bring it in. This results in a
little legerdemain, which is practiced
by many New Jersey residents. The
quicker they get their food inside of
them and the feathers destroyed the
sooner they may be held to be not in
possession, for no one can say that a
pheasant is a pheasant when it has
been digested.

The point we wish to emphasize is
that if a New Jersey man who breeds
game in another State may legally
bring it into the State as the commis-
sioner says, but that after he does he
must be fined excessively because he

103

has it “in possession,” how would a
licensed New Jersey game breeder fare
after he had paid his license and had
produced some food if the same arrest-
ing officer should discover that he had
it “in possession.” This is what is
known as a conflict in the laws, we.
believe. .
People who have discussed this im-
portant case of game preservation have
been heard to say that New Jersey
is not a desirable place of residence.
People who are arrested passing
through the State because they have
improper fish hooks in their satchels,*
can travel around the State by other
railways. What we insist is that the
commission is an honorable body of
men created to execute the laws as
they find them and they are doing a

’ lot of good for the ““more game” cause,

represented by the magazine, when
they arrest breeders of game food.
A prominent judge, a game breeder,
recently telephoned to the office of “The
Game Breeder” that one or two more
cases like those in New Jersey would
soon result in some common sense
legislation.

*See the Fish Hook case reported by Field
and oe and by “The Game Breeder” last
month, ;

The Amendment Needed.

The New Jersey legislature should
enact our simple game breeders’ law;
the form can be had on application.
Briefly it provides that game breeders
may Secure a license to breed any
species of game or game fish and that
they may have it in possession, may
ship it or sell it, provided it be identi-
fied as provided by the commission.
In Colorado the breeders use invoices;
in New York tags are used. The pro-
posed law provides that game legally
produced may be brought into or taken
out of the State under regulations
made by the game commission. It is
fair to say New Jersey provides now
for the profitable breeding of three
species of game food upon the pay-
ment of a $25 license, but how would
the breeder fare if- he had it “in pos-
session”?

104

Bob White in New York.
The superintendent of the New York
Zoo, editor, or perhaps we should say

chief editorial writer,.of Field and

Stream, says, under the heading, “Edi-
torial” in the January number of that
publication:

The bob white quail is a great destroyer of
the seeds of noxious weeds. In our fauna he
has no equal. And yet this fact is ignored.
Throughout the North and most of the South
that species is mercilessly shot, and as a re-
sult it is fast becoming extinct. In New
York State it will soon be as extinct as the
mastodon unless given a ten-year close season
at once. Its value as a plentiful game bird is
gone.

The quail now are tremendously
abundant in many places, North and
South. It is an easy matter to keep
them plentiful in places where the
shooting is excellent. We know places
where thousands of these food birds
are safely shot every season. The
quail are doing well in many places
in New York. Within a few miles of
the City of New York eleven covies
were flushed one day last week by two
of our readers who enjoyed some good
shooting. Other readers recently pur-
chased quail for introduction in New
York, and, since the price is now
from $20 to $25 per dozen, the birds
undoubtedly will be properly looked
after, provided it be not made a crime
to do so.

If the sportsmen of New York wish
to prohibit quail shooting for ten years
the law should exempt those who own
quail and look after them pgoperly.
It is true that these birds are extinct
in many places, but it is equally true
that a prohibitive law will not restore
them. Those who enjoy eating quail
should not be sent to jail because they
keep their birds plentiful and shoot
and eat them.

A GOOD WORD FOR NEW
| JERSEY.

By PETER H. JAMEs.

[It was not our intention to severely criti-
cise the commission unless it favored the
arrest of citizens bringing home food legally
taken in another state—Rditor.]

Editor “The Game Breeder’:
My attention has been called to the
‘December issue of “The Game

THE GAME BREEDER

“me and my clients.

and Game Commission is severely c
cised because of the arrest of per
having attempted to remove game
the State contrary to the New |
law, the arrest having been made
the warden in the belief that it wa
New Jersey game being so removed.

In all fairness to the commissi
I beg to advise that I have on num

circumstances and although they we
arrested as they were about to leave t.
State with game in their possession an
found guilty of a violation and the time
for appealing the same under our lz
had about expired before I was retain
it was therefore incumbent upon me
take prompt and decisive steps to pi
tect the interests of my clients befo
they would have lost their remedy,
therefore immediately got in comm
cation with these same commission:
on the long distance telephone at Tre
ton and the commission at once sent ~
their chief warden, James M. Stratton,
to investigate the case. The result of
the investigation was that the boa
ordered prosecution in these cases drop.
ped, which was entirely satisfactory
This is only o

of the many similar instances wherein
immediately any unjust action is taken —
by a warden or a justice of the pea
before whom an arrest is pending,
the matter be properly presented to tht
commission, they will always inves
gate and see that no injustice is do
any citizen.
I am prompted to write you the
above as an act of justice to the com- —
mission, whom in private practice at —
the law and during the several year:
‘that I have been a member of t
New Jersey legislature coming almost
in daily contact with the members of
said commission, I have always found
them to be fair and just in the enforce-
ment of the fish and game laws. y
The board adjusted the case last be- —
(Continued on page 120) a

THE GAME BREEDER

105

FRESH WATER FISH CULTURE
W. E. MEEHAN.

Ex-Commissioner of Fisheries of Pennsylvania; Superintendent of the
Philadelphia Fairmount Park Aquarium.

CopyriGuT 1913 sy W. E. MEEHAN.

Fish culture for commercial pur-
poses dates back to ancient times. Lu-
cullus, the famous Roman emperor,
general and epicure, along with other
Roman patricians of his day, cultivated
fish in ponds for their own use and
for the market. Hundreds of years
before this the Chinese reared fish by
gathering naturally deposited spawn
and hatching it in ponds. Pond cul-
ture for carp was practiced in Ger-
many during the Crusades; but fish
culture by the so-called artificial ex-
pression of the eggs from the female
was not discovered in Europe until the
latter part of the fifteenth century, and
not put into pracical use until between
1840 and 1850. The science was in-
troduced into the United States in
1860.

All forms of fish culture are nothing
more than an intelligent assistance to
Nature, by the conservation of what
would otherwise be a huge waste. Of
the thousands and sometimes millions
of eggs given a single fish it is rare
that more than ten per cent. of those
deposited under natural conditions are
hatched; usually it is much less. It is
the aim of the fish culturist to hatch
from seventy to ninety per cent. of the
total number, and by the adoption of
‘certain protective measures start a
larger percentage of infant fish to-
wards maturity than it would be pos-
sible for the parent fish to do.

At present most of the fish cultural
work in this country is done by the
National Government and by the
States. A number of sportsmen’s or-
ganizations are engaged in fish cultural
work, and some private individuals
carry it on as a commercial enterprise.
Recently, however, there are signs of
an awakening interest among the peo-
ple in fish culture for profit. Pioneers
have reduced fish culture to a scientific

basis, and in some lines the business
presents as few risks as in any other
form of live stock raising. The out-
look is that in a few years there will
be as many persons engaged in fish cul-
ture as there are now in bee culture
or chicken farming.

Fish culturists employ three methods
of rearing fish. There are pond cul-
ture, trough and tray culture and jar
culture. Fish from which, for unknown
reasons, the eggs cannot be pressed,
and fish which can deposit their own
eggs and fertilize them as well as man
can by his methods, are reared by pond
culture. Where fish eggs are large
and heavy and not easily moved by
hatchery water currents, the trough
and tray culture is employed. Where
fish eggs are light and procurable in
vast abundance jar culture is resorted
to. Among the fish handled by pond
culture are bass and cat fish; by trough
and tray, the trouts, and by jar cul-
ture, the shad and white fish. It is by
the last two that the National Govern-
ment and the States secure their vast
annual outputs of fish. By pond cul-
ture hundreds of thousands of a single
species are given life annually; by
trough and tray, millions are produced,
and by jar work hundreds of millions.

BLAck Bass CULTURE—SUITABLE SITES
AND WATER.

Both the small and the large mouth
bass may be propagated for commer-
cial and sporting purposes. The first-
named is more generally desirable in
the northern part of the United States.
It is the true black bass, the mighty
king of fresh water fishes, is also the
more difficult of the two species for
the fresh water fish culturist to handle,
Comparatively little trouble has been
encountered in the cultivation of the
large mouth bass, but to produce suc-

106

cessfully at reasonable cost a fair sup-
ply annually of small mouth bass has
been, and still is, an undertaking pre-
senting some difficulties.
Nevertheless, black bass culture,
both large and small mouth, may fair-
ly be said to be beyond the experi-
mental stage; yet positive success or
failure often depends on the water tem-
perature during the breeding season.
Apart from this one condition, which
fish culturists have not yet been able
to wholly overcome, black bass cul-
ture may be carried on with fair pros-
pect of satisfactory returns.
When the propagation of bass was
first undertaken, it was speedily dis-

covered that it was impossible for man’

to express eggs and milt artificially
from the ripe female and male. The
handling of a ripe bass produces a
nervous condition which prevents the
ejectment of the eggs and milt.. This
has been demonstrated most conclu-
sively. It affects even a fish taken from
the nest in the act of spawning. The
nervous condition is so pronounced
that after being replaced in the water,
spawning is apparently impossible.

When fish culturists, as a body, be-
came convinced that it was impossible
to take eggs from bass in the same
manner as from trout, they were
driven to revive the primitive methods
of the ancients by resorting to pond
culture; that is to say, to build bodies
of water in which the fish would nat-
urally spawn and hatch their young.

Three conditions are necessary as a
basis towards successful cultivation of
small mouth bass: a favorable site,
properly constructed ponds, and suita-
ble water. Nearly all other problems
which may and will arise, however
important, are either subordinate or se-
quences.

When seeking a site for bass ponds,
the question of a decided pitch in the
ground, although desirable, is not vital.
It is only necessary to have sufficient
for complete drainage. A relatively ex-
pansive area of ground is required if
many thousand young fish are desired.
Unless operations are to be conducted
on a small scale at least twenty-five
acres is essential. A pond af about

THE GAME BREEDER

not be oe to yield ‘more -
one hundred thousand youn fish

ing fry ponds. Indeed, not mor
fifty thousand or sixty thousand
ordinarily be expected.

While a decided pitch in the gro
is not essential the character
soil is. Ground nearly level, or -
natural tendency to a gradual
does not present ee serious ‘pr

and bottoms is sure to be a perp
source of trouble and anxiety.
One of the natural environments o:
the small mouth bass is a gravelly
rocky bottom, and when a mature
seeks a site coe a nest it almiestvmeame
variably selects one of “theyor
Hence the first thought would b
choose a stony or gravelly soil;
this is about the last selection
experienced bass culturist will r
if he can avoid it. A clean, frm
as free as possible from either mat
is what is desired. Ff
His first choice would probably
heavy clay, through which wate
not percolate, and if that were n
tainable, he would choose a spot wl
the bottom can be made water tigh
puddling it with clay. A stony
gravelly bottom is not desirable,
least for breeding ponds, because th
fish culturist cannot have absolute con.
trol over his brood fish. i
with such a bottom it would be
possible to force the fish to use %
ficial nests, whereas artificial nests
important for the reason that they
the only kind which the culturist
have under perfect control. In gray
ly or rocky bottoms small mouth
will steal their nests and cause endle
trouble.
Mucky ground for small mouth
breeding should be avoided, becaus
moving about the fish are apt to k
the water muddy, thus preventing fre-
quent observation, a very inpaa
feature in bass culture. a
Incredible though it may seem, it
is yet a fact, that often the most deé-

THE GAME BREEDER

sirable site for a bass cultural estab-

lishment is where pond construction

may be difficult; for example, a swamp
adjoining a stream, or a lowland beside
a river, but such sites must be ex-
amined very minutely, for there may
be some features which will render
them unavailable. Swamp land is
worthy of very favorable considera-
tion, because while the surface soil is
apt to be wet and soggy, the immedi-
ate underlying material is likely to be
clay or heavy loam, impervious to
seepage. On the other hand, swamp
land in nearly every instance will be
found to have some bad places, as
gravel spots and deep soft muck holes.

On the size and character of the
gravel spots and the extent and depth
of the muck holes must rest the avail-
ability of the property for the purposes
of bass ponds. If a muck hole be of
any considerable depth, a pond cannot
be built over it.

In all swamp lands there is nearly
always much wunderlying material
known as hard pan, which renders
pond construction slow, hard, expen-
sive work, but when once built the
ponds give the owner and the work-
men the greatest satisfaction and the
least trouble.

As bass, both large and small mouth,
naturally inhabit warmer waters than
trout, it follows that water for a bass
cultural plant in the Northern States
must not be directly from a spring,
neither may it be of low tempera-
ture. River, stream or lake water
which, during the spawning season,
will not fall below 55 degrees, prefera-
bly 60 degrees, and which only be-
comes muddy after exceptionally
heavy storms, and then for a short
time only, is necessary. During the
breeding season higher temperatures
than those named and water perpetu-
ally clean are very much to be de-
sired.

Water having a lower temperature
than 55 degrees during the spawning
period must be rejected, even though
the site be otherwise suitable, because,
when the temperature drops below 55
degrees bass will stop the construc-
tion of nests; at 50 degrees they will

107

not spawn, and at 45 degrees the eggs
and fry will die.

A great volume of water is unneces-
sary, although it is desirable, since
it insures conditions against any fear
of a shortage, even in the severest
drought. Under ordinary circum-
stances 500 gallons of water a minute
will be ample to operate an extensive
plant, but whatever the volume, it is
of the utmost importance that it be
under complete control. A fish cul-
turist who cannot regulate his water
supply is likely to lose two-thirds of
his chances for successful work. There
are times when inability to control it
means the inevitable loss of every egg
and fry in the breeding ponds. In
the more northern latitudes it often
happens that for many days at a time
about the beginning of the spawning
period the nights will be cool, and
it is necessary either to reduce the
water supply or shut it off altogether,
so that during the day the sun’s rays
will elevate the temperature to the
very highest possible point, and thus
hold it in safe bounds during the hours
of darkness.

Water that becomes roily through
storms is not objectionable, provided
it is not continued too long or be of
too frequent occurrence, especially
while the nests contain eggs. For a
short time muddy water has no per-
ceptible effect on fry, or advanced fry,
and is beneficial to mature fish.

Geo. S. Brown, Norwich, Conn., wrote:
“You are doing good work. Keep it up.”

C. T. Wilke, Glastonbury, Conn., wrote: “I
wish to declare for the ‘good sense movement.’
Of late I find myself preaching ‘more game’
at every opportunity.”

. M. Hammond, Milltown, Ind., wrote:
“Long may you give the good advice how to
have plenty of game, as it is right. There
will be no more game under present laws, but
it will get scarcer every year. The farmer
must have the right to sell birds before he
will take any interest in them.”

Wallace Evans, Oak Park, Ill, wrote:
“Your scheme of game protection or game
increase is with a few exceptions, exactly in
accordance with my own ideas,”

Prof. T. Gilbert Pearson, Secretary of the
National Association. of Audubon Societies,
said in an interview that there would be no
opposition to our breeders’ law.

108 THE GAME BREEDER

THE STATE GAME DEPARTMENT.
Article V. Kansas.

By THe EDIror. .

Kansas is naturally one of the best
States in the Union for prairie grouse.
It has become, also, a good State for

quail since the prairies have been.

planted with grain.

In the Amateur Sportsman, many
of our readers will remember, I print-
ed letters from readers in nearly every
county in Kansas, giving accounts of
the uniform disappearance and, in
many counties, of the extirpation of
the grouse. Some of the writers re-
ferred to the great abundance of quail
in their counties; others deplored the
fact that the farms to a great extent
were posted against sportsmen.

In “The Game Breeder” last month
the great loss of quail throughout the
State during the winter of 1911-12 and
the draining of McPherson basin, one
of the best duck shooting grounds in
Kansas, were reported.

The State Game and Fish Depart-
ment is in charge of a State fish and
game warden, Professor Dyche, a bi-
ologist of ability, who knows, of
course, why the game and game fish
must continue to vanish so long as
these foods are taken for sport, pro-
vided the supply of game and game
fish be not kept up in some way.
Heretofore Kansas has relied on re-
strictive laws, shortening the season,
limiting the bag, preventing sales -and
export, etc., and it must be evident to
those who are familiar with the causes
which regulate Nature’s balance, either
that the restrictions must be increased
as the number of guns is increased or
game breeding must be encouraged.
As the farms are being posted more
and more and as marshes are drained
the shooting area becomes smaller and
smaller and the guns become far too
numerous for the game supplied nat-
urally.

Professor Dyche has given much at-
tention to the restoration of the food
fish and has published a number of
bulletins about the breeding of fish.

syndicates of sportsmen always can ar-

He informs us, in a communication t
printed below, that he made the plans —
for the largest and best equipped pond
fish hatchery in the country.
Kansas is an agricultural State, an
we believe a law permitting the farn
ers to profitably breed prairie grou
and quail would result in making these
desirable foods tremendously abundant _
and cheap in Kansas, provided the ;
commissioner would issue some bul-
letins telling the farmers how to prove
erly look after the birds and to pro-
tect them from their natural enemies. i
Sport need have nothing to fear, since —

range with the land owners sor the a
right to shoot. 4
There is no danger of the janet ay

ers; the area is too big.
known that game birds Ww
from places where they become abund- —
ant and that they quickly restock t
surrounding country. There is alwa
fair quail shooting in the vicinity
all of the quail clubs, and it was af
enjoying a good day with the qua
outside of a preserve near New Yo
that the writer became thoroughly c
verted to the more game movement.
The quail are in no danger of extinc-
tion on many grounds near New Yo
and never will be until laws are ena
ed making it not worth while to lo
after them properly. They are t
mendously plentiful in many places
the South where there are big -qu
preserves in charge of competent ga
keepers. Although thousands of quail —
are shot every year on some of these —
places, the birds remain plentiful. I
have seen more quail on the grounds ©
of a quail preserve just after 1800 had
been shot than I ever saw in Kansas —
on a similar area, when quail were most | .
plentiful in Kansas. (
The abundance of any food birds is
evidenced by the market. The State
Game Department of Kansas, like

THE GAME

other State departments, should repre-
sent all of the people; those who own
the game lands and those who would
eat the desirable game as well as those
who would take it for sport. From
an economic point of view the food
question is more important than sport,
and Kansas easily might keep her mar-
kets full of cheap game.

I am inclined to agree with Profes-
sor Dyche that the interests of sports-
men “in modest circumstances” should
be looked after as well as those of “per-
sons of means,” but the game officer
should always remember the difference
between a small- politician and a states-
man. The first named may appeal to
the men of small means because they
are in the majority, but the last named
will endeavor to lead the majority in
the right direction. If it is right to
breed desirable foods profitably on the
farms, the game officer should not op-
pose laws permitting such industry. If
he does, sooner or later he will fare
badly in an agricultural State. It fol-
lows a fortiori that if the breeding
of desirable foods in certain places
throughout a State surely will result
in the land owners getting something
out of the game; in the people hav-
ing a cheap and desirable food, and in
the sportsmen of moderate means hav-
ing better chicken, quail and duck
shooting than they now enjoy, a states-
man-like commissioner should favor
laws permitting game breeding under
regulations prescribed by the State de-
partment, which easily can be made
to prevent losses of the so-called State
game in places where it is not looked
after properly.

Professor Dyche, the biologist,
knows that we cannot add additional
causes for destruction, the guns, for
example, to the ordinary causes of de-
struction, without upsetting Nature’s
balance, and that when the losses due
to cats and dogs, the draining of
marshes, the destruction of the natural
foods and covers are considered, it is
a self-evident proposition that the
sportsmen of moderate means soon
will have no shooting. The State offi-
cer is required to undertake an impos-
sibility. The prohibition of sport for

BREEDER 109
periods of five and ten years after each
severe winter is highly unsatisfactory
to sport. When an open season is
again declared the game must vanish,
because Nature’s balance is badly upset
by the guns, provided no one looks
after the birds and protects them from
their natural enemies so as to make a
place for the guns. Since Professot
Dyche is perfectly familiar with these
elementary natural laws he should
favor legislation founded on them.
Laws permitting the profitable breed-
ing of game in Kansas are sure to be
enacted as soon as the farmers un-
derstand what such legislation may be
made to do for them. Laws permit-
ting game breeding should be followed
by instructions from the State depart-
ment telling the sportsmen and farmers
how they can have more game. Since
Professor Dyche is eminently qualified .
to give such instruction I believe it
would be wise to long retain him in
office and not to turn the department
over to a new political favorite every
few years.

The game law restrictions, which
Professor Dyche refers to, are neces-
sary, undoubtedly. They must be in-
creased from year to year until sport
is ended unless the laws be amended
so as to encourage the production of
game. Restrictive laws never can be
expected to supply the people with a
desirable food, which Kansas should
produce abundantly and_ profitably.
There is a demand for grouse at from
$5 to $10 per pair. Quail now sell
for from $20 to $25 per dozen. These
birds can be bred on the farms cheaper
than poultry is because in a wild state
they find much of their food in the
fields. They are tremendously prolific
and when protected from their natural
enemies they soon become so abundant
that it is necessary to thin them out.
An experimental grouse and quail farm
in Kansas if placed in charge of skilled
partridge and grouse game-keepers
soon would produce big results and
as I have often said, sport will not
be damaged when there are big game
farms in every county. If a part of
the farms which are now posted
against sport can be used for profitable

110

game farms Kansas soon will become
a big game producing State and all
of the people including sportsmen of
“moderate means” will profit by the
change. The laws should provide that

ae
THE KANSAS FISH AND GAME LAWS
By re. GERD aes nay | ae

State Fish and Game Warden of Kansas

In chapter 198 of the session laws of
1911, the Kansas legislature passed
what might be considered a new fish
and game law for the State of Kansas.
Many old sections were omitted, others
were revised and many new Sections
with new provisions were added. So
far as we have been able to learn, this
fish and game law has been generally
satisfactory to the mass of Kansas
people. However, no State has suc-
ceeded in making a fish and game law
that is satisfactory to all its people.
Topographical conditions and con-
ditions of environment in different
parts of the State make it difficult to
frame a law that will apply with equal
fairness to all its people.

Many laws relating to fish and game
have been ill-advised, due, in part,
‘to the fact that they favor special lo-
calities and special interests, and due
‘largely to their disregard of biological
knowledge. Any code of laws that can
be agreed upon by the lawmakers of a

State as large as Kansas must, of ne-.

cessity, be in the nature of a compro-

mise; they are experimental and must .

at times be revised and readjusted to
meet the requirements of changing
conditions.

It is the intent and purpose of the
law to protect certain kinds of wild
‘life because this wild life is valuable to
mankind. The wanton waste and de-
struction that follows in the footsteps
of the over zealous sportsman, the pot-
hunter, the market hunter and the

“game hog’ has made deep and un-
necessary inroads into the wild life
_centres of our State. It is the purpose

THE GAME BREEDER

it is not a crime to produce d
foods on the farms under reg
governing the industry such as ar
vided for in Colorado and in 7 A
other States. fe

of the Ach and game laws, and the duty
of those who enforce them to rest
the thoughtless and avaricious pers
who destroys valuable wild te w

many Saas ae bande and i es
would soon become rare and extinct.

people in more moderate circumstances
and the poor man must seek the j
of fishing and the pleasures of fi
sports either at home or some nea
place. It seems to me that the in
ests and pleasures of the latter,
are vastly in the majority in our St
should ever be kept in mind w
the fish and game laws are being m:
Laws should not be made for the we.
to-do sportsmen alone. We had th
idea in mind when we made plans fc
the largest and best equipped pond fis
hatchery in the country. We hope
be able, by stocking and restock
Kansas waters to produce a good sty
ply of fish in all the streams and ponds
in the State; in other words, to pro- —

duce fish enough i in Kansas waters so.

that fish will become a common article ~
of food for Kansas people, and the —

pleasure of fishing be enjoyed by thou- a
sands at or near “tieir homes. . ~ —

——__e—__——_

Add 50 cents to the cost of any pub-
lication or book, and! we will send it _
with “The Game Breeder” for one —
year. i iy

THE GAME BREEDER

111!

EFFECT OF A RATIONAL GAME LAW IN
COLORADO.

By J. T. HoLtanp. é i

Ex-Game Commissioner of Colorado.

[Reprinted by Request]

[This article was printed in the July issue of THe AMATEUR SPORTSMAN, and _ this
number of the magazine soon went out of print.

We hope all our readers will read this article by the State Game Officer of Colorado. If
the people of Colorado can have game and fish to eat, why should not the people of other

States enjoy this desirable food?

Why should-not every State follow the lead of Colorado

and have “more game” and fewer game laws?—En1Tor.]

The subject of game preserves hay-
ing been largely discussed throughout
the game sections of the United States
and in periodicals printed in this coun-
try, it may not be amiss for the writer
to express his opinion in regard thereto,
and particularly as to the State of
Colorado. In this State, as well as in
other parts of the country, more criti-
cism has been offered from time to time
of the laws existing on our statute
books permitting the formation and
maintenance of what are known as
“game preserves” than any other. A
great deal has been said in regard to
this matter and discussion is very fre-
quently engaged in before the different
committees of the legislature having
this particular branch of the law in
charge, and every time it is attempted
to introduce a law, or an amendment
which in any way bears upon this sub-
ject, it seems to be the opinion of
many people that game preserves are
for the rich and for those who can af-
ford to take the time and spend the
money necessarily required in estab-
lishing such an enterprise. A great
many people who do not understand
the conditions make the charge that
the game preserve system permits a
favored few to corner the game and
fish, which necessarily belongs to the
people of the State, and that the com-
mon people do not receive the bene-
fits that should be derived therefrom.
They say, further, that the common
people are robbed of what is theirs,
and accordingly are discriminated
against in a manner contrary to Ameri-
can laws and institutions.

There might be some merit in their
contention if it were the people’s prop-
erty that were being taken by authority

of law and placed in the hands of a

few individuals, who would reap the
benefit derived to the exclusion of the
masses, but this is not the case in
Colorado. To begin with, a person
desiring to establish a game and fish
preserve must necessarily secure his
stock from some private source, or
from some other State, and thus he is
prevented from taking what belongs to.
the people in the first instance.

We have in Colorado a number of
game preserves and also a number of
licensed lakes, which are the same so
far as the fish are concerned, as game
preserves. Under our law if one de-
sires to maintain a game preserve, or
what is known as a licensed park, he
must secure the animals, which he de-
sires to place in the park as a nucleus
upon which to build his preserve, and
thus far the people have lost no rights
of their own, nor have they any interest
in the matter, except to place such rea-
sonable regulations and _ restrictions
upon such person so engaged as they
shall deem best for the protection of
their own game and fish. Under the
law when a licensed park is once estab-
lished by placing therein game taken
from private sources the owner thereof
is held to a strict accountability to the
State for his actions in regard thereto.

For instance, in the first place he
must have his license for maintaining
a game park, and if he holds any game
of any kind whatsoever’ without a
license he is guilty of violating the

112 THE GAME BREEDER

law and subject to fine and imprison-
ment. After he has secured his license
he cannot sell game therefrom, or ship
it to any other point until he has fur-
nished the game and fish commissioner
with an invoice showing the amount,
kind and number of the game to be
sold or shipped; the date taken and
such other information as will help the
commissioner in keeping track of the
particular kind of game coming from a
game preserve. This is true whether
he sells the game or merely donates it
to another, the object of the law be-
ing that the game and fish authorities
of the State may be given full and com-
plete notice of what particular game is
sold, so that game belonging to the
people cannot be confused with that
owned by private individuals. Under
this system the people cannot lose any
rights or suffer through their game be-
ing taken and sold as the property of
individuals owning game preserves.

Experience has shown that it is far
better to permit any legitimate traffic
in game than to attempt to eliminate
all sale and traffic and thus to compel
persons, who are not in a position to
take their game but insist upon having
it, to assist the market hunter and the
game hog in his unlawful depredations
upon all varieties of game animals.
Licensed lakes are controlled in prac-
tically the same manner, all of which
are listed with the game and fish com-
missioner, and he is at all times ap-
prised of what is going on in regard
to sale, donations and the shipping of
game and fish.

In addition to the matters spoken of,
the law provides as a compensation for
its permission in allowing the main-
taining of such parks and lakes that
the owners thereof shall donate to the
State at such times as the commissioner
may make demand ten per cent. of
the increase of the game or’ fish so

held during any one calendar year. This.
constitutes one of the greatest benefits,

to the State so far as replenishing its

supply of game and fish is concerned.
without cost or inconvenience. The

State merely for the privilege it has
granted receives a fair per cent. of the
increase in licensed parks and lakes.

Of the many parks maintained in
Colorado a few are-deserving of men-
tion. Mr. Barrett Littlefield of Slater
has for years maintained exclusively
an elk park and has year after year
been enabled to supply the markets
of Denver, as well as other cities in this
and other States, with the very best
of elk meat, which is even better than
that of the wild elk for the reason
that the same scientific breeding of
these animals is conducted by Mr. Lit-
tlefield as is conducted by stock men
of the State in raising cattle.

Perhaps the largest deer preserve in
the State is that of Glen Beulah Park
Association near DeBeque, on what is

known as the western slope of the

Rocky Mountains, wherein are main-
tained a good many hundred deer. This
preserve covers a great many Square
miles of area and is the natural home
of the deer. They are allowed to run
in their native haunts. The members
of this association are governed by
rules regulating the taking of game,
but each is allowed to take at the
proper season of the year a reasonable
amount of game for himself.

This fact demonstrates another bene-
fit of the preserve system, and that is,
a single preserve alone will accommo-
date a very great number of sportsmen
of our State, who were it not for the
game preserve would necessarily go
out on the public range and take their
share of the game belonging to the
people at large.

Another large preserve in the State
is one maintained near Salido belong-
ing to W. H. Pigg. In this preserve
are maintained a large number of elk,
deer, mountain sheep and antelope. Mr.
Pigg does not maintain the park so
much for the purpose of killing game
as he does for the building up of large
herds of each of these varieties, merely
for his own satisfaction and for the
pleasure it gives him in showing the
sights within the preserve to visiting

friends and travelers. Under his pres-.

ent system with the success he has and
the constant increase in his herds it
will not be long until he will be in a
position to supply a very large market
or to make some other disposition of

: ;
i
7

‘

ia, &

> ee

AAD, EAP

ee P esi tT ef

Se i

THE GAME BREEDER 113

the increase of his game equally bene-
ficial to the people at large.

Of the advantages of the system of
game and fish preserves more can be
said. Probably the greatest is one of
those already mentioned, that this sys-
tem more perhaps than anything else
has tended to wipe out the market
hunter of Colorado; another advantage
is the taking of game in preserves by
owners thereof results in leaving very
much of the game on the public range
for others, and the regulation of the
selling and shipping of game, which is
permitted under the laws of our State,
permits the people to have this desira-
ble food. It remains only to be said,
in my opinion, the more and the larger
the game preserves, the better.

Our game is fast disappearing, and
it is because, no one having an interest
in the game belonging to the public
exclusively, there is a tendency for
every one to get all he can while it
lasts. Ii this could be changed and
the sentiment become general that the
only way our game can be preserved
and handed over to our posterity is
through the individual efforts of all of
the citizens of our State then game
protection would not be the problem
it is to-day.

Colorado has rather stringent game
laws at the present time so far as the
open seasons are concerned; deer can
be taken only from October Ist to 10th
of each year, and one person is only
entitled to one deer with horns; the
season on mountain sheep, antelope,
elk and all varieties of quail and many
other birds is closed for many years
to come. Rather liberal seasons are
prescribed for ducks, geese and other
water fowl, which can be taken from
September 10th of each year to April
15th of the following year; the open
season for trout (the only fish
for which a closed season is prescribed)
is from May 25th to November 30th,
thus allowing a very large portion of
the year in which fish can be taken.

No game or fish which have been
taken from the public ranges or waters
of the State, in other words, no game
or fish belonging to the people can
be sold under any circumstances, and

the laws in respect to the manner in
which game and fish can be taken are
so constructed as to prevent the un-
limited slaughter of both game and fish
that was possible before the present
laws came into effect. If it were not
for our game preserves and licensed
lakes, no one in the State could in any
legal way obtain any kind of game
or fish for food purposes in his own
home during the closed season unless
he were fortunate enough to be able
to afford a hunting or fishing trip of
greater or less distance and duration
outside and possibly of importing into
the State his own game and fish.

I believe, however, that our law as
to open season on ducks, geese and wa-
ter fowl could be amended to advan-
tage. As it stands now the season is
not only long, but it extends very late
into the spring of the year. This should
be changed. The season should not
last longer than the first of March at
the outside. There are a number of
reasons for this: In the first place,
after having spent the winter, and
while the birds are nesting and rearing
their young, they certainly are not in
fit condition to take for food purposes,
and in addition to this the geese and
ducks, that we have in Colorado at any
rate, that frequent the lakes and
streams in this State, live largely in
the spring of the year upon fish caught
by them around the outer edges of the
water, where the fish come because the
water iS warm, in consequence of this
a fishy taste is noticeable in eating
these birds, and when it is present the
natural flavor is ruined.

I would advocate a national law gov-
erning the open season on all migratory
birds, and on ducks and geese in par-
ticular. It seems to me that a national
law is essential in order to do justice
to each of the States, as it cannot be
expected that one State will pass laws
prohibiting the killing of these birds
within its borders while persons in ad-
joining States can kill them; conse-
quently in order to be fair to all con-
cerned a national 'aw should be passed
fixing the open seasons so that the
States would all be on the same basis

114:

and each would have an equal show
at the game.

The consequence would be that there
would be far better hunting all over
the country, if the spring shooting was
eliminated as hereinbefore suggested.
The increase in a comparatively short
time in this class of game would be
most remarkable, and the condition of
the birds so taken would be far su-
perior to the condition found in the
spring.

I have dealt largely with game for
the reason that game is the more seri-
ous problem; our fish can very easily
be replenished to a large extent by
artificial means, but when the game is
gone it is gone forever, and we should
attempt to replenish the source of sup-
_ ply as we go along through the licensed
lakes and game preserves. Colorado,
like most of the other States, and the
United States, has a large number of
fish hatcheries which it operates very
successfully and is thus enabled to
stock its streams and public waters of

the State with millions and millions of.

fish every year. It is for this reason
that some of the best fishing grounds
in the entire United States are to be
found within the confines of Colorado.

THE GAME BREEDER

Fish raising and selling in Colorado
has come to be a much larger industry
than game raising and selling. .We
have in the State dozens and dozens
of what are known as licensed lakes,
which are conducted along the same
lines aS game preserves, and when
properly conducted are very profitable
to the owners.

It is not difficult to procure from
some one of the proprietors of these
lakes the very best of the different
varieties of trout, including the eastern
brook trout, and native and rainbow
trout at any season of the year. Many
of the owners of these lakes are ship-
ping fish constantly to the markets of
our State and of other States, and still
through the high degree of perfection
which has been attained in fish culture
the sum total of our fish in Colorado
to-day in all probability is far greater
than it was ten years ago.

I fully agree with you that the gate
officer should remain in office and not
be subject to the political changes of
the State and that his compensation
should be made large enough to induce
him to remain and to make it pos-
sible for him to remain in office and
serve the people.

THE MORE GAME STATES

apie enone to have more game
and fewer game laws in any state iS
evidenced by laws encouraging the
profitable breeding’ of game. *Com-
paring Connecticut, for example, with
Colorado, we observe at once that the
last-named state is a “more game”
state, while Connecticut seems to be
sadly behind the times. The Colorado
markets are full of game and game fish.
The people eat this desirable food. In
Connecticut the sale of quail, ruffed
grouse, Hungarian partridges and
woodcock is prohibited throughout the
year. The export of quail, ruffed
grouse and woodcock is ‘prohibited.
Even the shooting of deer is prohibited.
The people have ceased to know the
taste of venison. The bag limit is so

der license.

small that it would not pay anyone to
look after the game. In Colorado, al-
though the sale and export of wild
game is prohibited, the laws permit the
sale of game and game fish from li-
censed parks and lakes at any time it
is accompanied by an invoice. The
bag, of course, is unlimited. The
sportsman who has game may shoot
when he chooses to do so.

In California game may be sold un-
Pheasants reared in cap-
tivity or imported from a foreign coun-
try may be sold at any time ‘under

permit.
In Illinois, deer bred in captivity may
be’ sold’ Oct.’ (1: to » Feby: 23 coe

pheasants may be sold. by breeders,
Nov. 1 to Feby. 1. Doves may be sold

~~ -*o ee

THE GAME BREEDER 115

from the third day of the open season
to the fifth day of the close season, and
legally killed game imported from
other states from Oct. 1.to Feby. 1.

In Kansas game reared in captivity
may be sold under permit.

In Louisiana game reared in captiv-
ity may be sold during the open season.
Game raised in private preserves and
properly tagged may also be exported.

In Maine game raised in private pre- ;

serves and maintained under permis-
sion of commissioners, may be sold
without restriction.

In Massachusetts, quail and Hun-
garian partridges raised in captivity
may be sold for propagation; deer and
pheasants raised in captivity may be
sold by any person.

In Michigan game raised in captivity
may be soldealive within the state and
under a $1.00 permit alive or dead
without the state.

In Missecuri, deer and elk reared in
captivity may be sold under regulation
of commissioner.

In New Jersey, a permit is required
to deal in deer, pheasants, mallards and
black ducks.

In New Mexico, game raised in li-
censed preserves may be sold.

In New York, certain species of
game raised in preserves and killed and
tageed, may be sold under a $5 license.

In North Dakota, domesticated game
may be sold on written permission of
game board of control.

In Oklahoma, domesticated game
animais and birds may be sold.

In Oregon, live ring-necked pheas-
ants and other birds, reared in captivity
for breeding purposes, may be sold af-
ter being pinioned. The attention of
our readers is called to the law requir-
ing the mutilation of birds. Oregon
sportsmen should attend to this mat-
ter.

In Pennsylvania, game birds used for
propagating purposes may be sold at
any time under authority of game com-
missioners.

In South Dakota, game birds raised
in captivity may be sold under written
permission of state game warden.

In Vermont, game from private game

preserves, stocked at owner’s expense,
may be sold at any time.

In Washington, propagated game
birds and animals may be sold for pro-
pagation purposes at any time.

In Wisconsin, domesticated deer,

moose, elk, caribou and game birds may
be sold under permit of state fish and
game warden.
In Wyoming, the sale of the natural
increase of any big game, except
moose, captured and held for propaga-
tion, is permitted. It seems funny to
be able to sell the calf and not the cow
when both are owned by one person,
but permission to sell the calf may be
regarded as a distinct gain.

The above outline of the new enact-
ments permitting the sale of wild food
is, for the most part, from a recent bul-
letin of the 'U. S. Department of Agri-
culture. It is absurd, of course, to re-
quire the owners of game to rear it “
captivity.” The game would be far
better if reared in a wild state on the
game farm or preserve. Diseases often
come from confinement and the wild
food should be produced under healthy
conditions. The farmer is not required
to rear all his potatoes and cabbages in
greenhouses or other confined quarters;
he is not required to rear his cows,
horses and sheep in confinement, and
the owners of game soon will rear it in
the fields, no doubt. There is an advan-
tage to the neighborhood when game
can “overflow” and the sportsmen ap-
preciate this in the neighborhood of all
well ordered game farms and preserves.
The “in confinement” nonsense must go.
In New York, we believe, game is suf-
ficiently “confined,” provided there be
a boundry of some kind about the game
farm or preserve. It is not necessary
to have a fence; a road, stream or any
boundary will do. We think it likely
the courts would hold that this is suffi-
cient for any game farmers who in good
faith are rearing game on their prem-
ises. They can not follow it if it es-
capes, of course, because the ownership
is a qualified ownership, and the game
may return to its natural ferocity when
it can not be identified, and it then be-

116

comes a fair mark for those who may
legally take it in the open season.

It is gratifying to observe how wide-
spread the more game movement now
is. adie advantage of being permitted
to sell one’s game is evident when we
say the owner may take it in any quan-
tity during a long open season, other-
wise it would not pay to have it. He

Ze
BREEDING WILD ANIMALS
Raising Them for Their Fur Has Become a Profitable Industry.

According to the annual report of the
Biological Survey, recently submitted
to Secretary Wilson, the rearing of fur-
bearing animals in the United States
for their pelts continues to be a subject
of much interest. Skunks, muskrats,
mink, and foxes are bred in captivity
or on preserves. The large prices
asked for mature black foxes for breed-
ing purposes have resulted in confin-
ing the industry in the hands of a very
few. Comparatively few attempts have
been made to raise mink in the United
States, but experiments are being con-
ducted in co-operation with the Na-
tional Zoological Park with a view to
determining the most _ successful
methods of rearing these animals.
Muskrat farming has probably reached
its highest point of development on
the eastern shore of Maryland. Musk-
rat marshes are worth more, measured
by their actual income, than cultivated
farms of like acreage in the same neigh-
borhood. Only one other animal in the
world, the European rabbit, exceeds
the muskrat in the number of skins
marketed.

This report also calls attention to
experiments for the extermination of
prairie dogs, ground squirrels, and
gophers that are being conducted by
means of poison baits, traps and other
methods. Spotted- fever ticks in the
two younger stages live almost wholly
upon small native rodents, and the Cali-
fornia ground squirrel has been in-
fected with bubonic plague by fleas
from rats. The danger that the dis-
eases may become endemic furnishes

THE GAME BREEDER

‘lating to prevention and extingtish

need not sell it if he does not wis
The thousands of game birds
this season undoubtedly will be |
by their owners, or given a ‘
friends. Some, no doubt, will be so
to help pay the cost of rearing. N

year the crop will be big in all the more:
game States. a oe =

an additional important reason for
destruction of the animals.
The bureau reports that the ante
is in greater danger of extermin
than any other kind of American
game; that there is great need foi
suitable preserve in the ante ,
country. ‘Seg
The buffalo on the national bison’
range have now increased to ei:
one, or forty-four more than the or
nal number three years ago.
There are fifty-six bird res
tions, and additional inspectors
wardens have been appointed to
for them.
Every effort has been made tou s
the sale of plumage of certain bi
gulls, tern, and especially ee
New York Times. ;

WEST VIRGINIA FISH ie
GAME PROTECTIVE
ASSOCIATION.

At a meeting of the West Virgin
Fish and Game Protective Associatio
held December 5th, Hon. J. A. Viq
ney presiding, the following resolut
were adopted:

1. We favor a more effective law re-

po G

ment of forest fires, and the appropria-
tion of a sum especially for this pur-
pose. The present law, though crude, ]
has, through the efforts of the game
warden’ s department, saved millions of
dollars of property annually.

2. We commend the efficient services
of the present game warden’s depart-
ment and would like to see him receive

THE GAME BREEDER

greater pecuniary aid from the State
in his highly important work.

3. We favor a greater degree of care
in the use of streams as sewers, and
call attention to the fact that outside
of any question of sport or beauty, the
very health and lives of the people of
the State are endangered by the pollution
of the streams.

4. We favor the passage of a law and
an appropriation to furnish farmers
with eggs of quail and other desirable
insectivorous birds for the propagation
of the several useful species.

5. We favor a resident hunter’s
license of at least $1 per annum, and
call attention to the right to have the
money so collected to be expended
upon the preservation of the forests
and streams, and the propagation and
protection of game and fish.

6. We call attention to the fact that
the license taxes collected from hunters
in the years 1909 and 1910 has never
been appropriated to the purpose for
which such funds are usually expended.

7. We favor a limit to the number
of fish that may be caught in a single
day by a hook fisherman, not to ex-
ceed 25 trout and 25 bass.

8. We favor a law protecting the
fish of the sucker variety, and all other
fishes from the gig or spear. It dis-
turbs the fish at night and gives the
opportunity to slay other kinds. Be-
sides the sucker is one of the most
harmless, as well as one of the most
useful, fishes of the waters of this
State.

9. We favor establishment of forest
preserves.

10. We commend the good work of
the national fish hatchery in West Vir-
ginia, and the work of the United
States Fish Commission in this State.

11. We acknowledge ourselves un-
der many obligations to the good peo-
ple of Fairmount for the royal enter-
tainment afforded the present meeting
of this association.

SALMON-FISHING IN STREETS
OF A CITY.

To be able to stand on the sides of

the principal business street of an in-

117

land city with a population of more
than 6,000 and catch any number of
large salmon of all varieties is some-
thing that can be enjoyed right in this
section of Washington. Puyallup is
the city and if the run of salmon con-
tinues she will also be prominent as a
fishing centre as well as the hub of
agriculture.

As “fishy” as the story sounds, it is
nevertheless a fact, and should one care
to venture to Puyallup in quest of the
king of fish a well-filled string would
be the result. The fish come from the
Puyallup River through Clark’s Creek
and into “Big Ditch,” which crosses
Meridian street, the main thorough-
fare of the valley metropolis. The run
is so large that at times the water in
places bubbles like an eddy.

Persons in the vicinity of the stream
have taken many a catch to their homes
and there will undoubtedly be a slump
in sales in the fish market as long as
the run continues. The appearance of
the salmon was discovered by Carl
Hill, a city surveyor, who was making
an investigation of the condition of
the ditch.

More Cats.

I noticed a few months ago that in
half a dozen reports of shipwrecks oc-
curring in a comparatively brief period
the newspapers, or some of them, in-
variably told of the rescue of the ship’s
cat. One of the ship news reporters
explained this when I asked him if all
ships carried cats.

“There was one of those wrecked
ships that carried a cat,” he said, “and
the crew went back to save it. I made
the cat the feature of my story, while
the other ship news reporters failed
to mention the cat and were called
down by their city editors for being
beaten. The next time there was a
shipwreck there was no cat, but the
other ship news reporters did not wish
to take chances and put the cat in. I
wrote a true report, leaving out the
cat, and then I was called down for
being beaten. Now when there is a
shipwreck all of us always put in a
cat.”—The World.

118

Th Game Breeder

Epitrep sy DWIGHT W. HUNTINGTON

NEW YORK, JANUARY, 1913

TERMS:
10 Cents a Copy—$1.00 a year in Advance.

Postage free to all subscribers in the United States. _
To All Foreign Countries and Canada, $1.25.

THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY
PUBLISHERS, 150 NASSAU ST., NEW YORK
Telephone, Beekman 3685.

NEW YEAR’S RESOLUTIONS.

It is the fashion to begin the New
Year by making some good resolu-
tions. The Game Conservation Society
has resolved that North America shall
be the biggest game producing country
in the world.

The members of the society con-
tribute to the circulation of “The Game
Breeder” and we would advise them
to make one important resolution for
the new year:

They should resolve to buy only
from those who advertise in the maga-
zine. If the contributing members. of
the society will buy only from those
who support the more game movement
they will support a good cause as it
should be supported. Hundreds of
our readers will purchase game, and
guns, and cartridges for the spring trap
shooting and the autumn field shoot-
ing. Most of the game clubs now have
traps for clay bird shooting and they
should remember to buy from their
friends.

GAME BREEDING IN CON-
NECTICUT.

We learn that a bill encouraging
game breeding will be introduced in
the legislature in Connecticut and we
hope and believe it will be enacted in
time for game breeders to make a start
next spring.

Massachusetts, New York, New Jer-
sey, Colorado and some other States
now have game breeders’ laws and we

THE GAME BREEDER

are assured Vermont will have a new
and excellent law encouraging the prof-
itable breeding of game before the as-
sembly adjourns.

Connecticut has much land which is
not as productive as it should be and —
which can be made to yield a good
crop of desirable food. Deer and many
species of game birds will thrive in
Connecticut and no good reason can be
assigned why it should be a crime to
profitably produce t them.

As we have said, ‘often! criminal laws ©
are intended to prevent wrong-doing.
There should be rules of conduct pre-
scribing the punishment of evil-doers.
We wish to invite the attention of the
lawmakers of Connecticut to the fact
that it should not be a crime for land
owners to profitably produce a desira-
ble food on their lands or to rent them
for such purpose.

The familiar game protective stat-
utes are well intended and there can be
no objection to such laws providing
for short open seasons, small bags, the
prohibition of the sale and transport of
the small remnant of game which oc-
curs in Connecticut, as elsewhere, but
such laws should exempt game breed-
ers who are willing to produce desira-
ble foods by industry. Existing laws
have not made the game abundant and
cheap in the markets as it should be.

There must be a distinction between
game produced by industry and the
so-called State or wild game which has
no owner and which is not properly
looked after. The State game depart-
ment can be made of great economic
importance provided it be authorized to
license game breeders and to encourage
the industry of game breeding. As the
department is conducted to-day it is a
mere governmental side-show repre-
senting sport alone. It does not repre-
sent the interests of the farmers, the
game dealers, the hotels and the peo-
ple who should find game cheap in the
markets during a long open season.
A State department should represent
all of the people.

The only objection to laws encour-
aging game breeding that we are aware
of is advanced by those who claim to

THE GAME BREEDER 119

believe that if the production of game
be made legal such action would re-
sult in the extermination of our wild
life. This is pure nonsense. There is
not a naturalist in America who does
not concede this. Is it logical to say
that if the profitable production of any
species be encouraged under State
regulations that such encouragement
will result in the extirmination of
game mammals and birds which have
been made tremendously plentiful by
the game breeders’ industry—not only
in densely populated countries, but also
in many places in the United States
where the industry is no longer crim-
inal?

We invite the attention of the sen-
ators and representatives of Connecti-
cut to the article by the State game
officer of Colorado and to the opinions
of prominent sportsmen and natural-
ists printed in this issue of “The Game
Breeder.”

When Charles Hallock, the dean of
sportsmen; Dr. Merriam, the distin-
guished naturalist, and his successor
as head of the United States Biological
Survey, Dr. Hanshaw, and many
statesman-like game officers say that
game breeding should be encouraged,
we believe there should be no trouble
in secuting laws providing that it no
longer shall be a crime to profitably
produce a desirable food.

Legislation. creating absurd crime
does not appeal to the people and it is
now well known that this sort of legis-
lation not only is difficult of execution
but that it prevents the production of
desirable foods.

The State game department is in-
tended also to protect the song and
insectivorous birds. On lands where
game is properly looked after by game
breeders these birds have become tre-
mendously abundant because the prac-
tical protection given to game benefits
the non-sporting birds. On the farms
of the Game Breeders’ Association
(licensed game breeders in New York)
all song and insectivorous birds are
absolutely safe from gunners, and we
believe the Audubon societies are
aware that game breeders’ laws tend

to save and increase the numbers of the
birds they are interested in protecting.
In a recent book issued by the National
Association of Audubon Societies the
protection of non-game birds on the
lines adopted by practical game pre-
serves is advocated.

OUTINGS AND INNINGS.

Bass Fishing.

“Smith the other day went fishing.
He caught. nothing; so, on the way
back home he telephoned to his pro-
vision dealer to send a dozen bass
round to his house.

“He got home late himself. His wife
said to him on his arrival:

“Well, what luck?
“Why, splendid luck, of course,’ h
replied. ‘Didn’t the boy bring that
dozen bass I gave him?’
“Mrs. Smith started.

smiled.

““Well, yes, I suppose he did,’ she
said. “There they are.’

“And she showed poor Smith a dozen
bottles of ale.”-—The World.

Outdid Father.

There’s a new Bryan story going the
rounds. It seems that the great com-
moner’s daughter, after a desperate run
in pursuit of a street car, at length
managed to catch up with it and get
aboard. Falling exhausted into the
nearest seat, she gasped: “Well, I’m
glad one of the family can run for
something and get it.”

Then she

Jack Rabbits Overrun City.

Fargo is overrun with jack rabbits.
So numerous have the animals become
that they are seen frequently on the
principal business streets. They are
encountered in all parts of the resi-
dence district after nightfall and the
police have had some trouble with per-
sons who are unable to resist the temp-
tation to shoot them within the city
limits.

The object of The Game Breeder is
to make North America the biggest
game producing country in the world.

120 THE GAME BREEDER

Send for Free Booklet Descriptive of

TRAPSHOOTING

An Enthusing, Fascinating, Invigorating Recreation

HIS booklet describes Trapshooting in a manner to hold the reader’s attention, arouse his
T enthusiasm for outdoor sport and create a desire to actively participate in

THE SPORT ALLURING

and share in the pleasures and rewards awaiting its devotees.

Trapshooting is enjoyed by countless thousands. They find it the most effective means
for the acquirement of expertness with their shotgun. It is always “‘open season” at the traps.
Why not become a trapshooter and use your idle shotgun frequently and profitably?

Ask for “‘ Sport Alluring” Booklet No. 354.
E. I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Co. “oo9i3‘varess’ Wilmington, Del.

(Continued from page 104)

fore referred to without taking advan-
tage of any technicality whatsoever,
and did not put my clients to the bur-
den of an appeal from the justice’s
decision before whom they were taken.

In view of the above I am satisfied
that if any person who is arrested for
the violation of any game laws in this
State, as were my clients, would have
their attorney, if they have one, take
the matter up immediately with the
fish and game commissioners before the
penalty that may be imposed is remit-
ted by the justice imposing the same
to the State treasurer, I am sure that
he will be given the prompt and courte-
ous treatment that is uniformly extend-
ed to every one.

I am further convinced of this by
reason of the fact that I know of simi-
lar cases where prosecution was imme-
diately dropped upon the facts being
presented to the board, and the com-

mission of the deputy warden making
the arrest was revoked.
Yours very truly, aes
PETER H. JAMES.

AN ATTRACTIVE PICTURE.

Silas Rich, a pheasant breeder of
Salem, Oregon, whose advertisement
appears regularly in “The Game
Breeder,” has issued a handsome calen-
dar. A cock and hen pheasant in color
are hung against a dark green panel
with a spray’ of pine above. The or-
iginal picture is by the talented artist,
Alexander Pope, of Boston, and the re-
production is well worth framing.

Our clubbing offer is the same for every
magazine or book published. Add 50 cents ©
to the cost of any publication, and we will
send it with ‘‘ The Game Breeder” for one
year, By dealing with the Conservation.
Society you help the ‘‘more game” move-
ment.

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‘THE GAME BREEDER 121

WHAT THEY SAY

[We reprint some of the opinions of sportsmen and naturalists who read “The Game
Breeder” in order that those who have undertaken to secure the much needed legislation en-
couraging the increase of our North American game in all the States and provinces may

have them for handy reference ——Editor. ]

Mr. Charles Hallock, dean of American
Sportsmen and author of the Code of Uni-
form Game Laws, says: “I hope the good
work you have begun may be perfected. I
am heartily with your reform movement. Its
objects have been my study and pursuit for
forty years. Individual handling and
conservation of game is to be encouraged.”

In another letter on the subject he said:

“Truly we need a revolution of thought and a.

revival of common sense,” and intimated that
we must contend against game politics.

Mr. Wm. B. Mershon, one of the most
prominent sportsmen of Michigan, wrote:
“Certainly private enterprise must be depended
upon to protect and propagate our wild na-
tive game.”

Wm. T. Hornaday: In view of the appalling
decrease of wild game everywhere, and the
many difficulties attending the rearing of game
birds and mammals in preserves, I do not see
how any sportsman or naturalist can find
fault with your declared objects. It sounds
almost ridiculous to say that I wish you un-
bounded success for I do not see how any
American citizen can wish you anything less
than that.

In the Zoological Society bulletin, June,
1909, Dr. Hornaday said: We believe that
every owner of a private game preserve is
entitled to the right to kill the game that he
owns and maintains, whenever he pleases pro-
vided such killing does not interfere with the
execution of laws for the protection of game
and other wild life outside of private pre-
serves. We believe this is not only good law
but also good common sense. . The
situation is absurd, and therefore can not long
endure.

Prof. L. H. Bailey, director of the State
College of Agriculture, Cornell University,
N. Y., said: Looking at the subject from the
outside, it has appealed to me for years that
the most unsatisfactory, chaotic and uncorre-
lated of all laws relating to the open country
are those that have to do with game. I have
been more or less in touch with our own
State legislature on other business for some
years, and I have always been impressed with
the inadequacy of the kind of game legisla-
tion that is nearly always on foot. If you
can bring some system out of the game law
matter you will render a great service. The
sportsman is ordinarily set over against the
farmer. The two are really antagonistic, I
think the only real solution is in some way
to bring about a community of interests be-
tween the two, or at least to eliminate the
antagonism. In other words, I think that the

farming interests must be distinctly consulted
in the game laws, if we are to have game
laws that will serve the interests of the
people, and which will stand the test of a
reasonable length of time. . I am sure
that your fundamental idea that the farming
interests should be considered in game pro-
tection laws is sound.

Harry V. Radford, the distinguished sports-
man and explorer, said: I was once as
strong an advocate of repression, limitation,
non-sale and other bugaboos as any, but your
revolutionary papers on game preservation in
the Independent completely converted me to
your theories and views. I am with you heart-
ily in your new and splendid campaign, having
for its object the upbuilding of sportsmanship
and the cultivation of good shooting and
marksmanship, rather than their total aban-
donment, into which the present system (or
lack of it) is rapidly leading us. I wish you
great success.

In another letter Radford said he was op-
posed to the “potting of vacationists from
sister States.”

Mr. G. O. Shields, editor of Shields’ Maga-
zine, wrote: “Generally speaking, I am) in
favor of anything and everything that can in
any way prolong the life of the few species
of game birds and wild animals remaining in
this country. The time will come, and that
within a few years, when the only game to be
found in the United States will be on public
and private preserves with possibly some over-
flow. So} I am always glad to hear of indi-
viduals or clubs creating game preserves.
Your scheme is good in many respects.”

Mr. Charles J. Vert, Plattsburg, N. Y.,
wrote: Permit me to express my hearty
appreciation of the advanced position taken by
The Amateur Sportsman as expressed in the
current number touching the sale of fish and
game from private ponds and preserves. The
attitude there taken must and will find an
effective expression in an altered statute. En-
lightened public opinion will demand it; in-
deed, it is always demanding it. When public
weal and private advantage combine in calling
for a change, imaginary difficulties will not
long be permitted to block the wheels of
progress. (Amateur Sportsman, Mch., 1909.)

Mr. Henry H. Fuller, of Boston, Mass.,
wrote: “In the February number of the
Amateur Sportsman is an article under the
title, ‘The Breeders’ Association,’ which should
be in the hands of every legislative committee
‘on fisheries and game. The Massachusetts
Legislature this year have before them the
usual grist of bills, most of which approach
the question of game preservation from the

Iie EGAN EB RED EAR

OUR WILD FOWL AND WADERS

THE NEW YORK TIMES
“The subject is the development of a new crop—a flesh crop which has especial
timeliness in view of the general exhaustion of our food supply. Mr. Huntington dis-
cusses in the most practical manner the restoration of this crop of feathered game,

and from the standpoint both of the sportsman and the market gunner, wild ducks, ~

it seems, can be raised as easily and cheaply as domesticated ducks, and with
equally excellent financial results. The way to do this is described with estimates
of cost and citation of experience abroad, where the deficiency of food supply has
led to the discovery and elaboration of many remedies to which we have not yet
been forced. Mr. Huntington’s book is illustrated with photographs, interesting
alike to naturalists and breeders.” =

WILLIAM BREWSTER

“*Our Wild Fowl and Waders’ is obviously an able, comprehensive and very
_ interesting treatise on a subject which has hitherto received but little attention from
writers, especially in America, and concerning which naturalists, as well as sports-
men, will, I am sure, be glad to be thus credibly and pleasingly informed.”

THE LOCKPORT UNION-SUNJ

“ Mr. Huntington has given to the American people an admirable treatise on the
practical methods of making these splendid and desirable birds profitably plentiful.
Ponds, streams and waste lands which do not pay the meagre taxes upon them can
be utilized and be made to yield both handsome profits and good sport. This
American authority on wild game tells the farmers and land owners of this country
how to do it.’

CHARLES HALLOCKY

““The wild fowl book is valuable, clearsighted and scholastic. It is a direct
appeal to sportsmen of common sense and generous behavior, and they will readily
absorb its comprehensive pages and act accordingly—and live thereby.”

DR. R. W. SHUFELDT

‘“‘T have enjoyed the treat in my reading of this book from frontispiece to finis,
and I wager anybody else will enjoy it. The author has placed every sports-
man, every naturalist and a great many other citizens of other callings squarely under
obligations to him. The book is a direct and logical argument setting forth the
means for the preservation in the future of our wild fowl and waders. . . . The
illustrations are judiciously selected, interesting and materially add to > the value of
the volume.”

A. A. HILL

“This is not only a readable book, but it is important in an economic sense, and
it will especially appeal to all who are interested in the conservation of wild life, and
especially our game birds.”

AUTOMOBILE DEALER AND REPAIRER‘

“Tf the advice of Dwight W. Huntington, pioneer and apostle of the movement
in this country for a rational game protection and conservation, be acted upon, the
time is coming speedily when game will be as cheap as beef or mutton. At present,
after fifty years of legal protection, we have no game to amount to anything save in
the more remote sections. The book is not only instructive in an economic
sense, showing how to make wild duck preserves safe and attractive, how to get
stock and egegs and the food required, but is delightful reading for all. The author
of ‘Our Wild Fowl and Waders’ is doing a great aa service in his campaign
for more game.” ;

OuR WILD FowL AND WADERS will be sent to any address in the United States
or Canada with THE GAME BREEDER for one year upon receipt of $2.00.

THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY
150 NASSAU STREET, N. Y.

In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘Yours for More Game.”

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THE GAME BREEDER 123

DEER AND ELK FOR SALE

Large Northern White Tailed Deer and
Elk for Stocking Parks and _

Game Preserves

Last year I sold everything
which I wished to part with and
advance orders are now coming
in for Deer and Elk.
supply some species of Game
Birds.

Write for list and prices

WARREN R. LEACH

RUSHVILLE ILLINOIS

I can also

wrong end as Mr. Huntington has convinc-
ingly emphasized.” :

Hon. J. W. Metcalf, Chief Fish and Game
Commissioner, Carbon County, Utah, wrote:
“There is more game killed by vermin, the
natural enemies of game, than there is by
hunters, and I think your idea of paying
someone to keep down vermin has just hit
the mark.”

Mr. G. W. Tyson, Jr., of South Strafford,
Vermont, wrote: “Since our meeting at
Montpelier I have done a lot of. thinking
along the lines of your suggestions. I am
convinced that should the money and gray
matter expended in making most of our game
laws be directed toward bettering the natural
conditions, the results must be better. The
land owner and farmer must be interested
and not run over. One of my neighbors shot
twenty-six foxes last winter and _ several
others in the vicinity did nearly as well.
Foxes are as plenty as ever and turkey raising
on account of them is almost impossible.”

Chas. A. Paul, Norwalk, Ohio, wrote to the
publishers: I desire to congratulate you on
securing Mr. Huntington as editor. I believe
his ideas on game protection are the only
correct ones and that his articles will be the
greatest blessing for the game cause ever pro-
duced.

Dr. G. W. Field, Chairman Massachusetts
Com. on Fisheries and Game, wrote: I am
very much interested in the work you are
carrying on.

Dr. W. S. Harban, ‘Washington, D. C,,
wrote: “I am greatly interested in your
work.”

Mr. G. S. Baker, Providence, R. I., wrote:
We have been working on the lines you pro-
pose in your magazine, and [ think that is
the only way the average business man will

. ever get any nearby sholoting.

H. 'H. Holt, Houston, Texas, wrote: “You
are working along a new line and I am
pleased to see it. I still cherish the hope that
some day I can add to my small farm and
assist in increasing the game.”

Robert Page Lincoln, Minneapolis, Minn.,
wrote: “Your efforts along the line which
it is your intention to follow should most as-
suredly be appreciated by the majority, and
it is sincerely hoped that you will meet with
success.”

J. A. Miles, Charleston, S. C., wrote: “I
have long thought that we have had too much
law and too little protection, and I hope the
day is near at hand when game will be plenti-
ful again.”

M. H. Hoover, Lockport, N. Y., wrote:
“The cause you advocate seems to be all
right.”

C. Perry Marks, New York, wrote: “I am
greatly interested in your movement to pro-
tect the wild fowl and other game. It cer-
tainly gives encouragement to your readers.”

Jos. T. Bailey, Philadelphia, wrote: “Your
articles are most excellent and any man who
has brains ought to be able to see the justice

124

THE GAME BREEDER

CONRON BROS. COMPANY

Wholesale Dealers in GAME

We are in the market to purchase from Preservers,
Game that can be legally sold in New York. If
you have Game to offer, communicate with our

main office,

10th Avenue and 13th Street, New York

of your arguments and the necessity . for
adopting the plans you advocate.”

Mr. Jasper B. White, North Carolina, wrote:
“T like the magazine. Its articles have the
true ring.” ;

Arthur L. Johnson, Galesburg, Ill., wrote:
“IT am interested in this ‘more game’ idea.
I know the time has conre when something
must be done and done P. D. Q.”

Ira Marshall, lowa, wrote: “I am confident
your plan is going to work.”

Dr. Heber Bishop, Boston, Mass., wrote:
“T have noted what a lot of good you are
accomplishing, not only among sportsmen but
among the ‘dear people,’ as our friend ‘John
D, would call them.”

W. S. Saunders, Pecatonica, Ill, wrote: “TI
believe the wild game on our farms should
be a part of the farm the same as domestic
stock. It would then be more to the interest
of the landlord or tenant to protect and care
for wild game. If something is not done to
that effect the prairie hen and partridge will
become extinct. The laws to-day are exter-
minating instead of protecting game.”

Duncan Dunn, New Jersey, wrote: “I am
much interested in Mr. Huntington’s articles
on game. [ think we need just such men as
he to make the game boom in this country,
for there is nothing does away with the game
more than the yermin.”

Richard Clapham, Ontario, Canada, wrote:
“You have told the public out here how to
preserve their game correctly. : I am
Sick of the sight of gameless land and of
people who grow sentimental over past multi-
tudes, but do nothing to increase what little
there is left.”

L. J. Clark, Winona, Minn., wrote: “Right
you are about selling game.”

Prof. C. F. Hodge, Worcester, Mass.,
wrote: “I am much pleased with your
magazine and like your point of view.”

R. S. Parks, Hollywood, Ala., wrote: “I
am inclined to think you are contending for
a great basic principle which will ultimately
win on its merits.” :

Wenz & Mackensen, Yardley, Pa., wrote:
“Under present conditions it is practically im-
possible to furnish any American game birds
and animals for stocking purposes. What can
be done in the matter?”

J. Thompson Brown, Richmond, Va., wrote:
“Your position as to propagation vs. game
laws is most heartily endorsed.”

W. H. Means, M. D., Percy, Pa. wrote:

“T like your paper much and hope it will con-

99

tinue in the same way for ‘more game.

A. A. Hill, New York, wrote: “That idea ~
of yours so well expressed that the farms
should not be made public play grounds for
trespassers will find a responsive chord in
the hearts of others besides those who are the
victims of this system.”

Prof. W. B. Bell, Agricultural College,
N. D., wrote: “I am much interested in the
attempt to secure united action on the part
of all farmers, sportsmen and others interested

“in game protection.”

C. L. Fee, Pennsylvania, wrote: “The pop-
ulace is against legislation for a class, who,
when they pay a $1.00 license feel entitled to
kill a farmer’s entire band of sheep and
calves, chickens, turkeys or anything that
comes their way—all for $1.00.”

Arthur Lutz, Hoboken, N. J., wrote: “You
are certainly right and all true sportsmen
will wish you success and hope that ere long
we may have a chance to get a day’s shoot-
ing without taking chances of fine or jail for
unintentionally breaking one of the many con-
fusing laws. Common sense, generally, wins
out and so you are bound to succeed in the
end.”

Dr. C. Hart Merriam, chief of the Bureau
of Biological Survey, U. S. Department of
Agriculture, wrote: “Replying to your letter
of the 19th inst., I would state that the words
‘artificial propagation’ in my last letter were
used loosely and without the. significance
which you say is sometimes put upon this ex--
pression. I merely intended to refer to wild
game raised on private lands in contradistine-
tion to wild game at large. I am heartily
in favor of laws permitting any one to raise

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THE GAME BREEDER 125

deer, elk, grouse, quail or any other kind of
game on private land for profit, just as cattle,
sheep and domestic poultry are now raised
for profit. Furthermore, I believe the indus-
try of raising game for food is worthy of
development by our people, to whom it should
yield an important income. It is an industry
which can be carried on by persons of small
means, and may be made to utilize much land
which is now either wholly waste land, or
of very little value. By licensing farms used
for breeding game, and by. tagging the product
under supervision of the game warden, I do
not see how any valid objection to the in-
dustry can be raised..”

T. M. Mooney, Beieepere Ill, wrote: “J
am fav orably impressed with your new idea on
‘more game’ and ‘more shooting;’ push it
along. ‘Something certainly ought to be done
in the premises.”

Edmund Clark, West Medford, Mass.,
wrote: “We must resort to the propazation
of game and systematic game protection. To
make this successful it must be made popular
To popularize it among the owners of woods
and farms there is needed a stimulus. The
stimulus is remuneration.”

J. R. B. Van Cleave, Springfield, Ill., wrote:
Es am. greatly in favor of your campaign for
‘more game.’

f : ; TUB WED

AN EXCELLENT CALENDAR. ee a Te

The Winchesters have issued an at- 5.6 ©) 8 29 10:11
tractive calendar in color, which is here S 12 13 ia cet
reproduced. The picture is very well
drawn and the color work is excellent. ne. a
We understand the little gun shown in |” i eet
the picture has been a great success, Sis for All Kinds of Sioyhaee. i
and that Winchesters find it difficult to | CGazteidges for Ail Kinds of Guns

keep up with the orders for it.

Game Birds for Propagation
Bobwhite Quail, Wild Ducks, Pheasants, Wild Geese,

Swans, Grouse, Guinea Fowl and Pea Fowl.

Wild Turkeys from the Ozark Mountains. Ornamental live wild birds for scientific and show
aviaries supplied upon application.

Write for prices before ordering. Now is the time to order live game
for breeding next season. Prices advance as the breeding season ap-
proaches, and last year they were doubled and many failed to get stock.

Ww. A. LUCAS, 87 Thomas Street, NEW YORK

Reference: Seaboard National Bank and any reputable Mercantile Agency.

In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘ Yours for More Game.

126 THE GAME BREEDER

. =— ae “34

A GROUP OF CANADA GEESE IN OUR PARK AT YARDLEY, PA.
We carry the largest stock in America of ornamental birds and animals. Our ponds now contain nearly 200 best
Royal Swans of England. We have fine lot of the beautiful pink FLAMINGOES and the very large European
PELICANS. Also STORKS, CRANES, PEAFOWL, fancy GEESE and DUCKS. Our pheasant pens contain over

a thousand Ringneck and fancy PHEASANTS. All stock is kept under practically natural conditions. We have 60 acres ©

of land entirely devoted to our business. Can also promptly furnish BUFFALOES, DEER, LLAMAS, RABBITS, etc.
During the season October to May, we furnish the Celebrated

Hungarian Partridges and Ringneck Pheasants

in large quantities. Orders booked during summer.

We have for years filled practically all the large State Orders for these birds and

have better facilities for handling large orders than any other firm.

Write us before buying elsewhere—it will pay you to do s0. Your visit solicited.
We are only 60 miles from New York and 30 miles from Philadelphia.

WM. J. MACKENSEN, Successor to

WENZ & MACKENSEN, Naturalists

Depareneat se YARDLEY, BUCKS COUNTY, PA.

Wild Water Fowl.

“Our Specialties.”

Wood Ducks, Mandarins, Wild Black Mal-
lards for stocking game preserves, etc.
Safe delivery guaranteed. $3.50 per pair.
500 Canada Wild Geese, $8.00 to $10.00 per
pair. Australian, South American, Car-
olina Swans. 200 trained English Decoy
Ducks, guaranteed Callers and Breeders,
$4.00 per pair, Eggs, 15 for $2.00. Mal-
lards must be bought in the Fall to secure
them. For prices of other wild fowl apply

WHEALTON WILD WATER-FOWL FARMS
Chincoteague Island, Virginia

In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: “Yours for More Game.”

THE GAME BREEDER 127

R. L. BLANTON, RICHMOND, VA. |
Largest Breeder of Wild Turkeys in the World

WRITE FOR PRICES

Eggs $1.00 Each

Supplying Game Preserves and Zoological Gardens a Specialty

DUCK COAXERS
Celery and

WILD se

Attract water fowl. Plant in your pre-
serve. Orders for seed now booked for
Fall shipment.

Write for circular and prices. Most reasonable.

CLYDE B. TERRELL, Oshkosh, Wis, R.F.D.5.
COOTS AND GEESE

FOR SALE

Six dozen Coots—good breeders—$1.50 per
pair, in lots of 2 or more pair. Also 11 Snow
Geese ; 6 white fronts and 1 pair of Hutchins
Geese. All the above will be sold at low

~~ GEO. J. KLEIN
ELLENWOOD, KANSAS

Breeder and Dealer in all kinds of Wild and Domestic
Animals for Propagating and Scientific Purposes.

SHOOTING IN THE. SAND HILLS
OF SOUTH CAROLINA

Are you satisfied with 60 to 70 quail a day?
Then come to Cheraw. Write now and secure
accommodations for the fall.

I will guarantee a week’s shooting that will
give you something to think about during the
long winter evenings.

Through express trains from New York via
the Atlantic Coast Line.

BRYAN F. ROBESON, Cheraw, South Carolina

FISHING and HUNTING

Write

Ralph Bisbee, Ripogenus Lake, Kokadjo, Maine.

Telegrams to Greenville, Maine,
will be forwarded by telephone. Home
camps and back camps cover large terri-
tory. Trout, Togue, Land-Locked Salmon
Deer, Moose, Bear, Partridges (Ruffed
Grouse), Ducks.

POINTSETT KENNELS

JACK SUTTON

POINTERS SETTERS
BEAGLES SPANIELS

Thoroughly trained. Preparing
your Shooting dog or developing
your Field Trial dogs a Specialty. ©
Avoid risk and expense of sending
your dog South.

Plenty of quail on Long Island.

Unusual facilities for training over private
preserves.

EXPRESS STATION:
PORT JEFFERSON, LONG ISLAND, N. Y.
Post Office: MOUNT SINAI.

In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your lettets: ‘*Yours for More Game.”

¥

“TN

128 THE GAME BREEDER

Wants, For Sale and Exchange

Announcements inserted under this head in small type
for 2c. per word. If displayed in heavy type, sc. per
word. No advertisement accepted for less than joc.
Postage stamps accepted in payment.

THE GAME BREEDER
150 Nassau Street, New York City

The following dealers in live game we believe to be
thoroughly reliable. If any reader has reason to be dis-
satisfied with the result of dealing with an advertiser,
the publishers will, upon a complaint beine made, refer
the controversy to the Game Guild. If the Guild decides
against the advertiser he will not be permitted to advertise
in The Game Breeder. :

We require good faith and fair dealings.

THE GAME CONSERVATION SOCIETY,
; Publishers.

DEER, WILD GEESE AND OTHER GAME BIRDS.
WARREN R. LEACH, Rushville, Illinois.

JOHN BEESON, West-Sussex Game Farm, Warnham,

_ Horsham, Sussex, England. See display advertisement
in this issue.

PHEASANTS_The Silas Rich Pheasanty, Salem,Oregon"
See display advertisement.

QUAIL, PARTRIDGES, WILD FOWL, DEER AND

other animals. See display advertisement in this issue.
WENZ & MACKENSEN, Proprietors Pennsylvania
Pheasantry and Game Park.

QUAIL, WILD DUCK, PHEASANTS AND ALL
species of game. W A. LUCAS, 87 Thomas Street,
New York. See display advertisement in this issue.

WILD GEESE DUCKS, SWANS, ETC. SEE DIS-
play advertisement in thisissue. WHEALTON WILD
WATER-FOWL FARMS, Chincoteague Island, Va.

WILD TURKEYS—For prices see display advertisement
in thisissue. R.L. BLANTON, Richmond, Virginia,

WANTED—Bobwhite Quail. State pr:ce per dozen and

per_ hundred, guaranteed live delivery in Connecticut.
C. DEMAREST, care of THE GAME BREEDER, 150
Nassau St., New York.

AMERICA OR ANY PART ABROAD. Isthere any

gentleman in want of two practical English gamekeepers?
Could rear a large head of pheasants and manage a game
and poultry farm if required, breeding and training sport-
ing dogs, fishing, good shots and trappers. Both strong
and healthy men of excellent character. Address Box 40,
FIELD NEWSPAPER, Windsor House, Breams Build-
ings, London, England.

CHINESE PHEASANTS BY THE HUNDREDS FOR

stocking preserves. Liberal discount on orders booked
for the Fall delivery. Safe arrival guaranteed. THE
RICH PHEASANTRY, Salem, Ore.

WILD CELERY, WILD DUCKS’ BEST NATURAL.

Food. Attracts waterfowl. Plant it in your preserve,
Seed $7.50 per bushel. Orders now booked for fall ship-
ment. Write for circular. CLYDE B. TERRELL,
Oshkosh, Wis., Route s.

GOOD DUCK SHOOTING—Red-heads, Blue-bills, Mal-
lards Wild Geése, etc., on their greatest feeding grounds

in Chincoteague Bay. Hunting lodge at edge of grounds,

no cold trips toand from hotels. Board, lodging, guide’s

services at the lodge, $5 per day for everything—no ex-

tras. Six hours from Philadelphia. eight hours from New

work. Apply to FRANK DERRICKSON, Chincoteague,
a.

WANTED-Situation as GAME KEEPER. 10 years’

experience in England. Moderate wages to start.
Now rearing poultry but wish to get a place on a game
preserve. Address C. D. G., care of THE GAME
BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York. -

WANTED—Place as SECOND KEEPER, to assist in

rearing Pheasants and Ducks. Wages moderate.
E. D. J., care THE GAME BREEDER, 150 Nassau
St., New York.

FOR SALE.—HAND RAISED PURE WILD MAL-
lard Ducks, $3.00 pair; Pearl Guineas, $2.50 pair; also
Hstiibision Barred Rocks. GLEN PALMER, Yorkville,

MOOSE HEAD FOR SALE. Twelve points, 36% inch

spread. In perfect condition. Worth $75, sell $50, f. o. b-
Melrose, strongly crated. Picture 5c. FRED. S. BERRY,
306 Main St., Melrose, Mass. :

ENGLISHMAN REQUIRING SITUATION AS GAME
KEEPER, life experience in all duties of rearing Pheas-
ants, Partridges, Wild Duck; also well up in breaking
Sporting Dogs and trapping; have lived where large head
of game has been raised. Canshow 8 years’ reference last
place; 7 previous; tall, ade 89. married, young son able to
assist. R.S. BRANT, Milton Heights, Ont.. Canada.

WILD CELERY, FOXTAIL GRASS SEED AND

other duck food. Success certain. Bay bird shooting
August. September and October. Like it wasthirty years
ago at Cape Cod and Long Island. Ducks, geese and
swan shooting in season. All kinds winged wild fowl.
R. B. WHITE, Waterlily, Currituck County, N. C

PHEASANTS OF ALL SPECIES. WE BREED

the rare Impevan and other fancy species; also ring-
necks Write for illustrated booklet, H. W. MYERS,
Tacoma, Wash.

BEARHOUNDS, IRISH WOLFHOUNDS, BlOOD-
HOUNDS. Fox, deer cat and lion hounds. Trained

and young stock. 50-page illustrated catalogue 5-cent

samp. ROOKWOUD KENNELS, Lexington, Ky.

GAME KEEPER SEEKS SITUATION IN AMERICA.

Life experience on large estates in rearing game. dog
breaking, and all work connected with shootings. Would
like to travel with sporting gentleman if required. Good
loader. Age 26, height 6 ft. Good character. Apply
J. JONES, Glanmonnow, Garway, Hereford, England.

WANTED
Virginia or Michigan Deer

W. K. MILLER,

Box 207, EVANSVILLE, IND. ai
3T-

The West Sussex Game Farm

WARNHAM, HORSHAM, SUSSEX, ENGLAND

Established 1866

The proprietor of this old established business
has for immediate disposal 3,000 full winged
adult pheasants, also a large number of poults
for delivery in September.

JOHN BEESON, Profrietor

In writing to advertisers please mention The Game Breeder or sign your letters: ‘‘Yours for More Game.”

.

[==— === ee |

HOW TO SUBSCRIBE FOR

The Game Breeder

Mail $1.00
To THe Game BreEEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.

OR

Send a Post Card
To THe Game BREEDER, 150 Nassau St., New York, N. Y.

POST CARD

The Game Breeder, 150 Nassau St., New York.

Please enter my name as a subscriber to THE GaME
BREEDER for one year beginning withthe
number. ($1.00 per year.)

SWEATS ou NO ay, a A ee mr
CN ke A | ae ee
Write Address
Very Plainly County
SHOU a se ot ee es Tel

The April Number is No. 1. If you wish to begin with the first

number, insert April in the above blank.

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Self-Loading Se

12 GAUGE, TAKE-DOWN

Since its introduction, sportsmen have subjected
this gun to almost every conceivable test. In no
fair trial has it failed to stand up or prove its
supremacy. Its Nickel Steel construction gives
strength to shoot maximum loads with safety,
and its reloading system the ability to handle the
lightest or heaviest loads without tinkering the
action. In this gun the “kick” is minimized to
the last degree. It has other distinctive features
to recommend it, as an inspection will show.

Look one over at your dealer’s, or send to
the Winchester Repeating Arms Co., New
Haven, Conn., for descriptive circular.

THE RECOIL-OPERATED SHOTGUN SUPREME

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