UMASS/AMHERST v ,jff,r^^^'if..^ lilllll 312066 0333 2979 1 ^ur^ .'a"^:v ■^^ -^^* ;#s rst -:-*r- \* 1^^" LIBRARY MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE no...5"..late8 and wood engravln)(8. '272 pages, cloth, r2mo. Price 83.00. Sent by mall postpaid on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H MAROT. 814 Chestnut St.. Phila. PjA.nsie:s a. si»ecia.lty (Iran.l Colic class Seed only. ■12 tion of all the Uc-t Vaiiciics, unbracing the lai.si Nove Send for New .Seed Price List, i.H.«iued AUGU.ST 1st, pparate and in Mixture. Strictly First ALBERT BENZ, Douglaston, N. Y. 8EB FIRST PAOK FAOIMG CUVEK.-M THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY AND HORTICULTURIST. DEVOTED TO HORTICULTURE, ARBORICULTURE AND RURAL AFFAIRS, Edited by THOMAS MEEHAN. Volume XXVIII. JANUARY, 1886. Number 325. Flower Garden and Pleasure Ground. SEASONABLE HINTS. A correspondent calls our attention to an article in the Garden of London, to some capital hints on planting trees and shrubs. They are so ex- actly in accord with our own teachings, and so timely, that we cannot do better than adopt them here as our " Seasonable Hints " for January : "The dotting style of planting trees is cold as well as meager; nevertheless it has its uses; it shows what individual plants can become under difficulties. It also brings individual specimens and species into the sharpest contrast. It has also enabled cultivators to grow the largest number of species and varieties within a given area. Useful as a school in which something may be learned about trees, it is worse than useless as a means of improving landscape effects ; nay, more, the dot- ting plan mars every landscape on which it is practiced. What play of light, or shadow, or re- pose, could be obtained by a series of dots, even though they consisted of trees faultless in form and symmetry ? Trees so disposed might be en- joyed as specimens, but a pleasing landscape con- sisting of solitary trees is plainly an impossibility. Not only, however, is the dotting style inimical to landscape beauty, but it is also opposed to cul- tural perfection. " Trees and shrubs are gregarious by nature, and if we compel them to grow in solitary iso- lation, we must take the consequences ; and we do so in the form of slow and stunted growth in summer, or of ruthless destruction by cold in win- ter. It is not good for trees to grow alone. Each wind that blows beats against them with full force ; the sun and dry air drain each leaf and bough of its rich juices, and, worse than all, the extremes of heat and cold do their worst as regards the ex- posed roots. This exposure of the roots to direct solar and atmospheric influence is altogether un- natural, and consequently injurious. But there is no need to rest the case on such general state- ments. It is only necessary to trace the palpable effects of the frost throughout our pleasure grounds, after an exceptionally hard winter, to discover that the single trees are often cut down, while groups of the selfsame sorts escape unhurt. The seeming exceptions but confirm the rule. "These exceptional groups killed or injured will be found in a lower situation or a moister locality. In the former the air is colder, as cold air will shoot down valleys into plains with as much certainty as a stone will roll down a hill ; in the latter the plants are also more tender. Ex- cessive moisture may help growth, but it hinders maturity, and it is maturity that enables plants to withstand cold. Hence it follows that groups may in such exceptional localities be cut down, while single trees at a higher level, if more thoroughly matured, may escape. But let the threefold conditions of soil, site, and maturity be alike, and the results will be wholly in favor of the groups. It is necessary, however, to bear in mind that there are 'groups and groups.' It is not only possible, but easy, to render groups ten- der by overcrowding or over-feeding, and when such is the case, groups may be swept away- by a frost that will hardly brown the leaves of a soli- tary tree. It may be well to add that excessive stimulation, from whatever cause, results in weak- ness, that leaves the plants more liable to injury from cold than more hardy treatment. THE GARDENERS* MONTHLY [January, "The object, however, is to show that, the con- ' culture (which I wrote in 1868), without quahfica- ditions of growth being the same, Conifers planted tion, and rather dogmatically, I denounced the in groups endure winters better than those dotted ti^e. That is now nearly eighteen years ago, about singly. There is more than one reason for ,,<-,, j • . , , ■ r this; the tops are warmer and so are the roots, and I frankly admit that the larger experience of Planters can scarcely realize the amount of shelter the intervening years has convinced me that such that plants afford each other when planted in a sweeping condemnation of this method of pot groups. Most plants are crippled or killed from drainage was an error, which I have, to some ex- the roots upwards, and not from the tops down- , ^ . ^ , wards. This is what kills isolated trees. The ^ent. atoned for in some of my more recent works, best roots are often considerably beyond range of In the article on " Drainage," in Garden and Farm the tops. Of course, the feeding roots sweep out, Topics, published in 1884, I use the following and are, in ever-widening areas, in search of new words- and better food. Just then the frost comes down „ , , ' . r c ^ •»■ upon them with fill power, and either paralyzes. ^^"y y^^'' ^2°' '" ^°"^^ ^^ ""V ^''^ ^"^'^S^ or kills them. Old roots might be frost-proof, on the subject of drainage in pots, I admit to but young ones are not. The former deprived of having taken rather too radical grounds against the latter are as useless as detached gas or water the practice, because, in those days, everybody pipes cut off from the mains The collecting ^^^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ -crock' or drain the very smallest roots being crippled or killed, the main ones be- •' come useless, and the tree begins to languish and Po^s. The absurdity of this soon became apparent die, or, in other words, is starved by the amount to me, as I found that, with hardly an exception, of cold at its most sensitive extremities, which for plants in pots up to the size of four inches, it planting in groups would have protected most ef- ^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^„ ^^^l^^^ ^^ drain; and as all my fectually. There is another powerful inducement . , .,,,., , to planting in groups. I practice up to that time had been with pots but "The dead leaves maybe left to protect the ' little larger than four inches, I rather rashly roots along with the overshadowing tops. The jumped to the conclusion that in our warm, dry former, in many cases, would afford the better atmosphere, the European practice of crocking all protection. It is astonishing how many leaves . , . ^ . , , ,,,.■. fall off Conifer^e just before winter; whole bar- ^izes of flower pots, might be wholly dispensed rowloads of withered leaves he under large trees with. But added experience showed that even in of Pinus excelsa. P. Sabiniana. P. macrocarpa, our dry atmosphere, flower pots of four inches in and others Under single trees these are, in most diameter and upwards, in which are grown roses cases, carefully swept or raked up, as so much un- i_ 1 1. •.• » sightly litter, or are blown away by the wind. This I oi- o^^^r plants whose roots are sensitive to is simply to lay the most sensitive part of the tree ; moisture, had better be crocked or drained. It is open to the cold. In a state of nature these dead not oleasant to admit an error, particularly when leaves accumulate to such an extent as to cover | '^1^^^ in print for the 'instruction' of others ; the ground under the trees ankle deep. They de- ,,-,•,,. ^ , , ^ j • i 1 k compose very slowly, and their texture, form, and ^ut it is better to make what amend is possible by non-conducting powers are such that a very thin making the acknowledgment, than to continue to layer of them forms a frost-proof barrier. I have stick to opinions before given, when there is reason proved this, and no one who has not noted the to believe that these were formed in error." power of the tops above and leaves below to re- „ .,, , ,. , ,..1 1 • sist cold could form a proper estimate of their po- S^'"- ^^ '^o comparatively httle crocking or tency. In group planting there is no temptation ; draining of pots. With ninety-nine nunaredths of to remove the dead leaves, and the wind is power- our stock, whether grown in large or small pots, less to drive them out. Hence trees in groups can- ^o drainage whatever is used. But in new roses, sa^felv."^"' ^' '^'^ '°°''' ^"'^' ^' ^ '"^*'' '^^^ '''"'"' °^ °^her plants where the best growth is wanted in I the shortest time, we now believe it is best to use drainage ; but when it is done at all it must be done thoroughjy. The mere placing a piece of broken potsherd in the bottom of the pot, I be- lieve to be of no benefit whatever. When we now drain at all, we let the drainage occupy one- Whenever a man sets out to instruct his fel- third of the depth of the pot, be it large or small, lows, in gardening or anything else, if he fail although we never use it in less than three-inch to practice as he preaches then he is certainly de- size and rarely then. We first use a piece large serving of the sharpest criticism ; so that your enough to cover the hole in the bottom cf the pot, correspondent, "J. B.," of P'redericton, N. B.. and then fill over this with a size varying according is perfectly justified in asking why I now use to the size of the pot, from the size of peas to as drainage in flower pots, when in Practical Flori- large as broad beans, and then, above all, if the COMMUNICATIONS. CROCKING OR DRAINING POTS. I5Y PETER HENDERSON. 1886.1 AND HORTICULTURIST. drainage is to be of any value, we cover over this with sphagnum, or, what is better, the thready part of cocoanut fibre, so as to completely prevent the soil washing down among the drainage. This complete drainage not only allows the water to pass ofiT, but, what is of equally great importance it admits the air to the iioots. The experience of the past few years has caused many of us to change our opinions very radically on this subject. Less than ten years ago the best rose-growers, when bedding their roses on benches, used eight and nine inches of soil, placed on ordinary board benches, with little provision for drainage. Now the plan is to use only about four inches of soil, placed on sparred benches, made with weather strip three inches wide, leaving a space of nearly one inch between, to admit the water to pass off as quickly as it is poured on ; and although roses were often grown well by the old method, yet, it cannot be denied that better results are obtained from the shallow benches, through which the water passes off at once. Jersey City Heights, N. J., December, 1885. ever appearing again. I have known this plan of removing weeds from lawns to be condemned by some persons, but upon a close examination al- ways found that the work was improperly per- formed. Queens, N. Y., Nov. 4th, 1885. [We are much obliged by this timely caution, for we doubt whether it would be wise to treat a hollow, even two or three inches, on the plan we suggested. It only referred to very slight in- equalities—say an inch or less. — Ed. G. M.] INEQUALITIES IN LAWNS. BY MR. CHARLES E. PARNELL. In the Gardeners' Monthly for November 1885, under the heading of "Seasonable Hints," page 323, I noticed an item on filling in inequali- ties on lawns. I do not desire to be critical, so I trust you will pardon me for suggesting, that in my opinion it would be far better to carefully re- move the sod, then fill in with good rich compost; replace the sod and be careful to firm it down well with the back of the spade. As far as my experience has extended, I find where the earth is placed in hollow places, and grass seed sown, it will grow and do well enough until hot dry weather sets in, and this causes the young plants to dry up in a very short time. When the sod is not covered more than two or three inches, it may come through if the grass sods have strong and vigorous roots, but where the grass has been cut severely, it comes up so Slowly and irregularly that it is not safe or ad- visable for any one to rely on its so doing, where a satisfactory lawn is desired from the start. At this season of the year when garden work is not so pressing, it is an excellent plan to go over the lawn carefully, and remove all perennial weeds, such as dandelions, plantains, etc., by cutting them out with a stout knife. If this work is prop- erly done there is very little danger of the plants MY EXPERIENCE WITH SOUTHERN GROWN ROSES. BY ^M. C. WILSON. Having for the last eight years purchased from florists in Savannah, Ga., from five to ten thousand Hybrid Perpetual roses every fall, would state that I have had as good results with them as with any I have ever imported from Europe or else- where. I received last year, about the first part of December, ten thousand roses of all the leading Hybrid Perpetual varieties from that section. They were all potted, part of them were put in a cellar, and the remainder in a cold greenhouse, and I did not lose ten plants from the entire lot, and they made as fine and vigorous growth as any imported roses I had. Moreover, they were all grown on their own roots, which is a very desirable advantage. Mr. Gabriel Marc, florist Woodside, L. I., who is one of the very best pot rose growers in this section, has purchased from florists in Savannah, Ga., for the last thirty years, in quantities of from three to five thousand, Hybrid Perpetual roses yearly. He has had as good results with them as with any he imported from Europe, which he does yearly in quantity. I consider if the roses from the South when not lifted before the first part of December and then are handled with ordinary care, the results to the purchaser of them ought to be as good as any imported stock from Europe or elsewhere. Astoria, Long Island, Dec. yth, 1885. THE SWEET PEA, AND HOW TO GROW IT. BY E. M. VAN AKEN. Plant very early in the spring, or as soon as the frost will allow of spading the ground four inches deep, (the depth they should be planted) or deeper if the soil is light. Don't wait for fair weather. Use plenty of seed, so that they will not be more than an inch apart. Hoe the earth towards the vines a little, but do not form a ridge, and support THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, when about six inches high, with brush five feet in length. As soon as they commence to bloom, mulch heavily close to the vines, extending a foot j on each side of the row; this keeps the ground moist and cool, which is just the condition they require. In case of a drouth, they will need watering, in addition to the mulching. If the -flowers are persistently cut before the seed pods form, they will bloom until the frost kills them. If seed is wanted, they may be allowed to go to seed, but this lessens the amount of bloom, and the vine finally matures and dies. As it is well for | one to grow his own seed, and be able to select such varieties as are most desirable, a good plan ' is to plant a few very early, as recommended, and ; then make another planting the first of May. { These will come into bloom by the middle of July, and the early planting may then be allowed to go to seed. The Sweet Pea luxuriates in a cool, damp soil, and in full sun, or at least should have the sun part of the day. If the above directions are followed, there is no reason why any one should not successfully grow the Sweet Pea. Varieties. — Adonis, Butterfly, Scarlet Invinci- ble, Blue-Edged, Crown Princess of Prussia, [ Black, Scarlet, Pure White, Purple, White with pink blush. Painted Lady, Fairy Queen, Pink striped Mahogany, Purple and Maroon, Red with purple striped. Pink and white striped. Lavender and pink striped, Pink and Magenta striped. Ma- roon with purple striped. Elmira, N. Y. some other plant between them that flowers at at other seasons. We saw some very gay effects from Chrysanthemums among Rhododendrons the past season. Lilies are said to work well with roses. Acer macrophyllum.— The Oregon maple we saw for the first time in flower under cultivation in Philadelphia this year. In foliage and habit it is superior to the Sycamore maple, its near neigh- bor. Like all things from the Pacific coast, how- ever, it misses the atmospheric moisture it so much loves in its native place, and always gets killed back more or less when young. When it finally reaches a good height, it seems hardier. NEW OR RARE PLANTS. EDITORIAL NOTES. Snowflake Tree. — The Canadian Horticul- turist says this is the garden name in Germany of our White Fringe. This is near the " Snow- drop tree," which is Halesia tetraptera. Combining Fences. — Since the idea of com- bining shrubs too weak to form in themselves protective fences, with a few strands of barbed wire to give them the necessary force, a number of plants are being named for use that had no value before as hedge plants. Mr. Manning of Massachusetts, has introduced the red "Osier" or Dogwood, and we think it one of the best that has yet been named. Mixed Beds. — Much interest is given to beds of Rhododendrons and other plants that flower but once a year by putting in Gladiolus, Lilies or White Coquette, or Coquette des Blanches Rose. — A very beautiful white hybrid perpetual rose, under this name, was figured in the Journal des Roses for June. A New Pitcher Plant, Sarracenia Courtii. — In the old world, where people study to get as much pleasure out of their gardens as possible, they take special pains to suit the cultural condi- tions to the wants of the plant. If in our country we were to propose to cultivate those beautiful hardy pitcher plants, which are the pride and glory of our swamps, the answer would probably be: "We have no swamp." But the amateur Englishman makes his swamp, and grows his plants accord- ingly; and intelligent Americans have to go to the old world in order to learn how much interest may be found in plants natural to their own wilds. This is particularly true of that remarkable genus of plants known as the Sarracenia or pitcher plant. S. purpurea is so hardy that it is found far away to the north, and many of the others are nearly as hardy. In England the demand for them is so good, that one leading firm, Messrs. Veitch & Son, has been led to work on their improvement, and the one we now figure is a hybrid raised by them, and which they have named after a very estima- ble gentleman, well known as their traveling re- presentative on this side of the Atlantic. We give the following account of it in Messrs. Veitch'sown words : " It was raised at our Chelsea nursery from S. purpurea and S. psittacina, the last-named being the pollen parent. Like those of both parents, the pitchers are procumbent, but more symmetrically i886. AND HORTICULTURIST. disposed than in either, radiating from all sides of the root stock as regularly as the leaves of a nates abruptly, having neither the parrot-like head of S. psittacina, nor the crisped flap of S. purpurea ; rosette. In form and size, they are well nigh in- tlie wing is deep, curved above, gradually con- termediate between those of the two parei.u , i-^ u acting towards both extremities. In color, this petiolar tube, which is much contracted at the hybrid is one of the finest yet obtained ; the young base, gradually dilates upwards to the aperture ; ' pitchers are bright crimson-purple from the mid- the lamina or flap is turned upwards and tormi- die upwards, veined and reticulated with deep THE GARDENERS* MONTHLY [January, crimson-purple. They change with age to a deep blood-red with blackish purple veins, the reticula- tions being particularly handsome and striking. " The elegant habit of the plant and its rich coloration, render it one of the most ornamental of Sarracenias. It has received a first-class certi- tificate from the Royal Horticultural Society (unan- imous vote), and a certificate of merit from the Royal Botanic Society." Bourbon Rose, Madame Pierre Oger. — Bourbon roses, not having the odor so popular with cut-flower folk, are yet among the most de- sirable for out-door decoration. No one would want to be without the Hermosa, though it might not be as fragrant as a Bon Silene. The Journal des Roses gives a colored plate of the above- named, and styles it a first-class rose. It is pale salmon, with a tint of cream. It is a sport from Queen Victoria, fixed by M. P. Oger, a rose-grower of Caen, and named for his wife. It appeared in 1876, and was sent out by Verdier in 1878. Prin'cesse Stephanie Pelargonium, — This is regarded as one of the best of the new race of Liliputian Geraniums, of which we have now Comte de Flandre, Comtesse de Flandre, Comte de Hainaut, Souvenir de Louis Van Houtte, and Princesse Clementine. The little plants bear an enormous number of very large heads, double as " daisies," though the plants are only a few inches high. Phacelia Parrvi. — This remarkably pretty annual, discovered a few years ago in Southern Utah, by Dr. C. C. Parry, has at length found its way to the seed trade. Double Phlox DruiMmondii.— It is surprising that this old favorite has so long resisted the en- deavor of the florist to produce a double variety, but it has given up at last. New German Aster. — Among the novelties of the coming season is a German Aster, four and a half inches across, very double, with each floret rolled up like a needle. Japan Fringe Tree.— The Gardening World illustrates Chionanthus relusus. The white flowers seem to be in erect cymes instead of in loose pen- dulous racemes ; and the petals are only about an inch long, and blunt instead of tapering to fringe, as in our species. It was introduced from Japan by Veitch. Souvenir de Victor Hugo Rose. — A colored plate appears in the October number of Journal des Roses. Unlike most tea roses, it seems to bloom in clusters. It is a yellow rose, but with such deep rosy edges as to appear like a red rose at the first blush. It was raised by M. Bonnaire, of Lyons, in 1884, from seed of Comtesse de Labarthe, that had been fertilized by the old Regulus. SCRAPS AND QUERIES. Ivy on Trees.— "S. T. W.," Forest Grove, Oregon, writes : " It may be interesting to you and some others to know that the English ivy blooms here profusely, and that it is a famous honey plant. A few days ago I picked a bunch, and to my sur- prise found many of the flowers completely cov- ered with a pure white sugar. The plant from which it was taken grows on a large oak tree, cov- ering the trunk for about twenty-five feet, and bids fair before many years to entirely cover it. From your knowledge can you say whether it will finally kill the tree or not ? " [The ivy does no harm whatever to trees, so long as it is confined to the trunk and large branches. If the ivy extends so far as to inter- fere with the foliage of the tree which supports it, then it is an injury. — Ed. G. M.] Linden Arches. — " H. L.," Boston, Mass., writes : " I have read several pieces in your Monthly about hedges with wire fences, and I want very much to know if you have ever made a pleached alley, and if so, whether you used Lin- dens, European or American, or Willows, Bay or Golden, &c. ; or what tree you used, and how much space one must allow for breadth of Lindens or Willows each side of the walk ; whether they would be best trained on wooden trellis or wire trellis ; also, how many years it would take to grow them over the walk. How wide should be the walk, how high the arch of trees ? I am made bold to give so much trouble by the good-natured replies I see in your journal constantly to similar inquiries." [The Editor has had no direct experience in this work, and would be obliged if some corres- pondent who has, would answer these inquiries. There are, however, some general points that will be well remembered. There is a tendency in many plants to get naked at the bottom, and keep all the foliage at the apex, hence the plant employed for pleaching and arch training should be of those plants that have a natural tendency to keep tlie foliage to the ground. For small arch work there is nothing of this character i886. AND HORTICULTURIST. superior to the Hornbeams, but the plant is too low a grower for the larger archways that are so effectually employed in Europe. These are mainly of the European Linden. The American Linden would do as well and better for our cli- mate. As far as our memory extends, some of the most successful specimens of trained Lindens in our country, are at the Soldiers' Home, Dayton, Ohio, though there may be others not remembered : just now. Wire ought to be good enough for training on. The trees might be planted twelve | or fifteen feet apart. The height of the arch will I depend on the width of the avenue. If very high it will be difficult to prune or train.— Ed. G. M.] Red Spider on Evergreens. — Mr. D. H. Watson, Brenham, Texas, says: "In your Novem- ber issue you mention that little, but great pest, the red spider, and recommend a syringe as a good means of destroying them. We have found this a good remedy as they can't stand moisture ; but the most effectual way that we have tried to destroy them is by sprinkling sulphur all over the tree or bush. With us they are sometimes very bad on Retinosporas, and Cupressus pyramidalis and horizontalis, but we have never failed to destroy them by one good application of sulphur." [To this excellent suggestion, we may add, that the application will probably be the most effectual in a hot or sunny time. — Ed. G. M.] The Basket or Bagworm.— "G. W. D.," Baltimore, says: "In your general remarks in November number of Gardeners' Monthly, you speak among other things of the 'bagworm' plague. Although I have them picked off every summer from my Arbor Vita; hedge, which they particularly fancy during the time that they make their appearance — though they are also found on other plants — yet, every summer they appear again, and in the same quantities. How do they get there? or rather, how are they propagated ? a question I would like to see answered in your next publication in order to prevent their re- appearance— since an ounce, of prevention is better than a pound of cure — for it is a terrible labor to pick the thousands of these pests." [It must be that the "bags" are not gathered up wholly, but enough left to form a new crop, for they are unable to travel far. The female never leaves the house in which she is born. The eggs hatch in the spring, and the little worms hatched, go out in the world on their own account, each to make its own bag, and cannot travel over many yards away. The female in the bag, will some- times drop to the ground, and march off to where there is more food, — but this cannot be many yards. The female has no wings to fly with. The male has wings, and flies, but this cannot ex- ceed the colony. There is nothing more certain than that persistence in cleaning off the cocoons will destroy the whole crop, and leave one's trees wholly free from their attacks. — Ed. G. M.] Grass for Shade under Trees.—" M. B.," Kensington, Phila.: There are a number of grasses that will do fairly well under trees, where the ordinary lawn grasses fail, if the ground be dry, but not very dry. The English sheep grass, Festuca ovina is one of these, and the flat stemmed blue grass, Poa compressa, is also good. We have no grass seed catalogue at hand, but these kinds can no doubt be had of first-class seedsmen. The Elm Beetle.—" Mrs. M. C. B.," Yonkers, N. Y., writes: " I wish to ask you if there is any way to destroy the worm that eats the leaves of the elm, or if there is anything that could be put round the tree to prevent the worm crawhng up. We have a large elm tree in front of our house, and last summer almost every leaf was eaten. I would be much obliged for any information you can give me." [The "worm " does not crawl up the elm tree — no protection from that point of view is practicable. The trouble comes from a small beetle, which flies up into the tree, deposits its eggs on the leaves, which then hatch, and produce the " worm " that works so great destruction. After a certain time the " worm " crawls down the trunk of the tree, in order to undergo in the earth the trans- formations necessary to reach again the beetle state. It has been recommended to pile earth around the base of the tree, and then remove and burn it, thus destroying the whole crop of travellers down the trunk. This secures the tree, in a great measure, the next year, from the descendants of those which injured it this; but unless every person who has an elm tree in the vicinity does likewise, it is akin to the efforts of those who would dip out the ocean with a bucket. The beetle will come from other places next year. If the beauty of the tree be worth the trouble, the only sure method of preserving it is to get a pow- erful garden engine, and force a solution of Paris green or London purple over the leaves which are being eaten by the worms. This destroys the creatures at once, and saves the tree for the season. —Ed. G. M.l THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, Greenhouse and House Gardening, SEASONABLE HINTS. A lady wants to know whether there is any use in watering plants in windows with warm water. She thinks there is, but a neighboring florist tells her that is " all nonsense." He "waters fresh from the cold pump," and his plants are "good enough for anybody." So far as we know the florist is right, as far as good healthy plants are concerned ; but if the idea be to hasten plants into a bloom- ing condition, warm water will surely have an ad- vantage over cold. Window plants are chiefly desired for winter flowering. And in houses de- voted to forcing roses or other things, it would be a great advantage to use warm water if it could be conveniently had. The same lady says she finds great advantage in not filling the pots to within an inch of the surface, and then filling the space tightly with moss, so that it is rounded up under the plant over the surface of the pot. She says she knows when the plant wants water, by the color of the moss. This may do for an ex- perienced plant grower ; but the fear would be that some without experience would find the earth get dry before the change in the tint of the moss was observed, or that sometimes too much water would be given. The chance of seeing the soil itself is a great aid to the plant waterer. Still, it will be that after the moss has been long enough on the pot to permit of the roots of the plant get- ting up from the earth and into it, that is, to have the roots permeate the moss, the plants would do very well. Roots do not want water so much as they need moist air, and they get the best op- portunity for this when pushing through damp moss. The question of watering underlies most of the success in pot plant growth or any other kind of growth, and it cannot be too closely studied by those who love to grow flowers. Plants that rarely get dry are seldom healthy. Saucers of water under pot plants are excellent. This plan admits of letting the upper part of the pot become dryer than otherwise, and thus the soil is well aerated, while roots in the water will get all the moisture the plant needs. Indeed, if a plant has so many roots in a pot, that numbers will go through into the saucer, the plant would in many cases be all the better for receiving water in no other way. The present season is one of the best for study- ing the working of systems for heating green- houses. In a large number of cases that come under our observation from time to time, the cart is evidently before the horse. Inventors of new boilers or new methods of heating fix on one principle that cannot be controverted, and the apparatus so constructed gets no end of advo- cates. A few years ago, heating by means of many coils of pipe was very popular. The princi- ple was that by dividing up the water into these numerous small sections, it could be more rapidly warmed. This was true, but friction, as an ele- ment against rapid circulation, was forgotten, and it was then discovered that a rapid circulation was of much more consequence than rapid warming. Besides studying the best heating apparatus, the temperature of the greenhouse at this season should be maintained at about 50^, allowing it to rise 10° or 15° under the full sun, and sinking 10° or so in the night. Though many of our practi- cal brethren differ from us, men, for some of whose opinions we entertain the highest respect, we do not recommend a very great difference be- tween night and day temperature ; we think 10° ample allowance. It is following nature, no doubt ; but we would rather strive to beat nature. She cannot make the specimens we do, nor flower them so beautifully or profusely, and in many other respects we think the practical gardener can much improve on her red-tape notions and old- fashioned courses. COMMUNICATIONS. PHAJUS GRANDIFOLIUS. BY CULTIVATOR. How often one meets this old but useful subject eking out an existence under conditions so unsuited to its needs, that it is never able to reward the owner with a single spike of its lovely blossoms. It is classed among the Orchid family, is a native of Hong Kong; and to develop its blossoms in midwinter, should be treated to a temperature of from 55'" to 60°. During summer (being its season of growth) it delights in plenty of heat and mois- ture. Lumps of fibry loam with the fine shaken out, mixed with an equal proportion of old dry 1 886. AND HORTICULTURIST. cow manure, with plenty of broken crocks and charcoal, is an exeellent compost in which to grow it. An old neglected plant that had not flowered for years was treated as follows during the past known to do so before, although considered good plants. A plant of Oncidium incurvum potted in the same last spring has made bulbs larger than the imported ones, and is now throwing up some very fine flower spikes. The Calanthes delight in season. As soon as signs of fresh growth had cow manure, and once used for them always will begun in spring, all the old soil was shaken off and the roots washed clean, then potted into com- post as above. Water was given very sparingly until the roots from the young growths began to lay hold of the soil. The pot, a 7-inch one, is now a mass of roots, and is watered almost daily with be. South Virginia, Nov. 20th, 1885. Phajus grandifolius. manure water. The growths, three in number, have leaves on two feet long, and each growth is throw- ing up a strong flower-spike which in a short time will amply repay us with their gay blossoms for any extra care bestowed thereon. Cow manure that has been well dried in the sun during summer, we find excellent for a good many Orchids. Cypripedium insigne we grow in nothing else but sphagnum and cow manure with a few broken crocks among it. I have known plants of this brought to bear two flowers on a spike in such compost, which had never ISMENE AMANCCESISA. BV C. E. PARNELL. The Narcissus flowered Ismene, I. Amancoesisa, rare and very beautiful bulbous perennial plant, belonging to the natural order Amaryllidaceae. It has an egg shaped bulb from which some three or more bright green leaves are produced during its season of growth. The flower scape, which attains a height of two or three feet, bears from three to six rich yellow blossoms which are about six inches across and delightfully fragrant. It is said that this beautiful plant was introduced from Brazil as early as 1808, but it is a native of Peru, and it is said that it can be found growing on the hills called Amanceos or Hamanches in the neighborhood of Lima, where its beautiful and delightfully fragrant flower? are said to be exten- sively used by the Peruvian ladies as ornaments for their hair. This Ismene is a plant that can be easily culti- vated and the bulbs should be planted in a nicely prepared deep border about the tenth of May, and as soon as the flower scape makes its appearance it should be tied to a neat stake in order to prevent it from being broken off by the wind. As soon as the frost has destroyed the foliage the bulb should be taken and preserved from frost and damp in a manner similar to the Tuberose or Gladiolus. Propagation is effected by offsets from the larger bulbs, and they should be grown on carefully in a nicely prepared border until they are large enough to bloom. The generic name was given in honor of Ismene the daughter of Edipus and Jocasta, and the specific name in allusion to its native home. Queens, L. I. SOMETHING WORTH SEEING— STURTE- VANT'S WATER PLANTS. BY W.M. T. HARUI.NG. At the suggestion of one whose ripened experi- ence in matters floricultural, seldom errs, I took a trip to Bordentown, N. J., on September 3rd, 1885, to "see something worth seeing.'* Alighting from been an early train at the railroad station, a few minutest THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, walk brought me to the " Aquatic Garden " of Mr. E. D. Sturtevant. No sooner had I set foot upon these interesting grounds, than I was cordially | greeted by the cheery proprietor, whom I knew as a man after my own heart. As each well knew , the other's enthusiasm for the cultivation of aquatic vegetation, we were soon on the plank together in the middle of one of the large aquariums, where, for the time being, I seemed to forget, and it is not | unlikely he did also, all other sublunary affairs. Possibly, we were both influenced, or actuated, with the " one touch of nature," which the poet says, "makes the whole world kin." If the good readers only knew my friend's predilection for, and the writer's prepossession in favor of, such charm- ing objects as then surrounded us, they would natur- ally, or instinctively comprehend how enraptured we may become at the sight of exquisitely beautiful flowers, when their delicious perfumes fill the air, and while thus gently stealing over the senses captivate the heart. A strangely fascinating interest seemed to center among the lovely occupants of the aquarium, whose serene beauty appeared to your corres- pondent's vision more like celestial creations than living vegetating objects of our mundane world. Let those appreciative souls who have ever felt the enchanting charm, whereof I write, fancy for a moment the paradisical scene, where peerless beauty reigned supreme, and brilliantly bespangled 1 the placid water with the most lovely, gorgeous, and odorous flowers possible to behold, and they will understand the inexpressible feelings the grateful heart enjoys. That a love of flowers is natural to civilized beings, is an acknowledged fact no sensible person i disputes. And when patient industry and skill combine to perfect or improve the natural graces of flowers, in the manner my persevering friend had done — whose indefatigable zeal for that branch i of floriculture is so well known — success is assured, as was plainly demonstrated then and there. In- 1 deed, it would be as futile to attempt to "gild the lily, or paint the rose," in brighter or fairer colors than their own, as it is to accurately depict the \ lovely Nymphaeas in their varied hues from bright : red, to rosy pink, rosy white, pure white, royal purple, azure blue, delicate blue, and yellow. Individually i possessed, as are all the species of Water Lilies, j with a peculiar beauty of their own, it is exceed- j ingly difficult to decide which excels this, or sur- 1 passes that one, where all, without exception, are absolutely superb. The blue and red varieties ^ being more uncommon th.-in the other kinds, their splendid flowers seemed to first catch the eye with their conspicuous charms. Noted examples of which are X. Devoniensis, N. rubra, N. Zanzibar- ensis, and the unique seedling of the proprietors, in honor of whom it is named N. Sturtevanti. Rising a few inches above the large healthy leaves, many of which exceeded two feet in diameter, were numbers of magnificent flowers measuring over twelve inches across. These few kinds are merely mentioned as fair specimens of what were under cultivation. And while dilating upon their remarkable attractions, memory recalls the time, years ago, when the writer first saw growing in Flinders river, Queens- land, in distant Australia, the beautiful large blue Water Lily, N. gigantea, which is indigenous to that and other rivers in that interesting colony. And what particularly renders it noteworthy, is the recollection of a serious disaster which befell me, when the boat capsized in which we were crossing the swollen turbulent stream, among the greatest profusion of Water Lilies of this spe- cies, which obstructed our passing through, and where with the greatest difficulty I was rescued from drowning. Also of much interest to lovers of the beautiful, is the crimson Xelumbium Lie- chardtianum, a most splendid species, I first dis- covered blooming in the Ballone river, which is so called after the name the aborigines know the plant by. It is also a native of the same section of continent, the peculiar flora of which has been frequently described. In addition to a large and choice variety of Water Lilies, were Pontederia, Sagittaria, Lim- nanthemum, Trapa, Junca, Apongeton, Cyperus, Nupfe, Valisneria, Calocasia, Typhea, Zizania, Phragmites, Trianaea, Azolla, Pistia, Limno- charis, Hcdychium, Papyrus, Ceratopteris thalic- troides, Nelunibiums in variety, Ouverandra, &c. Of the last-named, O. fenestralis, the Lace Leaf, or Lattice plant of Madagascar, is a natural curiosity, with which nothing else in cultivation can compare in the vegetable kingdom. The peculiar structure of its skeletonized leaves closely resembles the finest samples of rare old point lace, and may be considered one of the mostintercstmg plants of the collection. The persecuted natives of that beautiful, and until recently, flourishing island, (who were steadily ad- vancing in civilization, having been successluUy raised from a state of gross idolatry, through the ef- forts of protestant missionaries, to a knowledge and practice of Christianity, and continued to progress therein, until a meddlesome European power, r886.1 AND HORTICULTURIST. whose cupidity for so valuable a possession incited them to forcibly seize) make use of the Yam-like roots of this singular esculent, which are said to be palatable and nutritious. As an experiment, Mr. S. had immersed some six or seven nice plants of this curious genus, in one of the large tanks in the open air, and which, to all appearance, were doing as well as those sub- merged in a tank under glass. As yet, in my cursory remarks, I have scarcely alluded to the Nelumbium speciosum, a stately, odorous, and extremely beautiful aquatic. This interesting and highly-esteemed plant, has from remote times, been a favorite in the orient, and, apparently through the efforts of Mr. S., it is as likely to become as popular in this hemisphere as it is in distant lands. Adjacent to the spacious tank I have more particularly noticed, is another of the same dimensions, in which flourish in like manner to the plants in the first one mentioned, fine clusters of several species of Nelumbium and other aquat- ics. From seed sent from Japan, this enterprising florist has raised a vast number of seedlings, which he is hopeful will produce something new. Al- ready a lovely pure white seedling of his, a charming novelty he highly prizes, has, to his great dehght, displayed its primal loveliness. During the next summer, I trust my praiseworthy friend will be well rewarded for his patient pains, with a number of novelties among his seedling Nelum- biums. The next in order was to view the majestic Victoria regina, which mainly occupied another large tank, and of which it is truly said, "this great Water Lily of the Amazon is the grandest of all aquatics." And yet, notwithstanding the many excellent descriptions the most accomplished and racy writers have given of its regal splendor, they nevertheless, with all their graphic powers, sig- nally fail to properly portray its grandeur. Like the magnificent spectacle of a tropical sunset, it must be seen to realize how grandly gorgeous is the glory thereof. To my flower-loving friends, I would kindly advise them to pay a visit there during the coming summer, and a pleasant chat with the successful cultivator, who has for years made a specialty of growing aquatics, and is consequently familiar with all that is known about their manage- ment; besides being well versed in the mythical lore and fascinating legends, with which the historian, poet and novelist have surrounded them, is an excellent treat, well worth walking many miles to enjoy. After examining with the greatest interest im- aginable, more pretty things than I have men- tioned, there was still reserved for my admiration and astonishment, as a grand finale, I suppose, to the many rare sights I had already seen. To give an idea as a preface to the prospective pleasure the gentleman had in store for me, I must quote his own perspicuous language, verbatim, to wit: " I have something specially interesting to show you ; I think it is the most wonderful exhibition of plant life to be found outside of the tropics. It consists of a plantation of Nelumbium speciosum, naturalized in a mill pond, over which I have control, two miles from here. It covers about half an acre, and the growth is most marvelous. I measured one leaf yesterday, which was three feet in diameter, on a stalk five feet high. And many leaf stalks and flower stalks are six and seven feet high. Some mornings there have been more than one hundred noble flowers open at once." Inducements so irresistible were gladly accepted, and in company with his brother-in-law, the Rev. Dr. Pease, a missionary at the Caroline Islands, then on a visit to his sister, Mrs. Sturte- vant — and who happily proved to be one of the most agreeable and intellectual companions pos- sible— and while eagerly Hstening to his experi- ence as a devoted missionary among the heathen, and to his interesting description of the remark- able fauna?^ and flora of the Islands, we pleasantly made our way, in care of our smiling cicerone, to view the the unparalleled flowery scene. No cool September morning could possibly be more favorable for enjoyment than this was, especially after the intense heat which for some time previously had been well nigh unbearable, and had been delightfully tempered with copious and refreshing showers. The country roads and lanes were gently winding before us, with the rain washed grass bordering the sides of the wagon way, and from which, in picturesque profusion, grew many handsome wild flowers, bespangled with dew. As prominent and conspicuous sym- bols of approaching autumn, were several species *Tlie species of quadiafauiia, indieenious to the group of islaiuls, are few in number, and small in size ; while the ava" fauna is more extensive, and of brilliant plumage. There is much arborescent growth, of a varied character, some of which attains to fair-sized timber trees; beneath which, dense masses of graceful ferns closely cover the ground. The Artocarpus, or Breadfruit, and Cocoanut trees, bear abundantly. Of useful heibaceous growth is the Pandanus fruit, of which the natives distinguish sixty varieties, which have an acid flavor; while one species is decidedly sweet. The Hanana too, freely yields immense crops of wholesome fruit. But Yams, and Taro, a species of Caladium, are mainly relied upon for the general supply of food. THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, of Solidago, or golden rod; Vervain, Eupatori- um, Achilla, Astragalus, Rudbeckia, Elecampane, Vernonia, Gnaphalium, etc.; with some pretty kinds of Asters, which were then in the zenith of their glory. In this instance, these comely way- side flowers were not "born to blush unseen." As we passed along the road, from many a trellis and arbor, about the cosy cottages and comfort- able farm houses, came the fruity or vinous smell of ripe grapes; while the thrifty orchards were re- dolent with the pleasant odor of mellow, rosy- cheeked apples and peaches, which in the great- est abundance were bending the boughs. Through rural scenes like these where every- body seemed prosperous and happy, we ap- proached the romantic leafy spot among the bushes — through which we made our way by de- scending zigzag paths to a secluded dell through which ran a clear brook, and by banking up across its course, lower down, was formed a large lake-like mill-dam. By the tree fringed margin of which, in measured monotony, rumbled the mill. Much amazed with the beautiful and as- tounding sight so suddenly presented on reaching the bottom of the flowery glen, I silently looked on for a while, unable to express my delight and surprise which the scene occasioned. Our guide having provided himself with a water-proof suit to put on when gathering water flowers, which are readily disposed of among the Philadelphia florists— waded into the water among uncountable numbers of large peltate, shield-like foliage, borne on footstalks varying from three to five feet high and above which, waved the many tall and splendid rosy tinted floral scepters of the famed Nelumbium speciosum. One of these, when laid at my feet, measured over eight feet in length. It was both interesting and amusing to watch them while moving and swaying about, with the balmy zephyrs wantonly playing among the sweet flowers. The leaves gently yielding to the soft pressure, seemed to gracefully bow, with more becoming elegance and ease than either the polite Brum- mell, or courteous Chesterfield were capable of, in their true allegiance to the life giving sun-god above, to which all mutually turned. Convincing proofs were before me that I had realized all, and even more than was promised, and, as was to be expected, I felt highly pleased with what I had seen. Their luxuriant growth plainly indicated how thoroughly they were accli- mated, or naturalized, where they had passed through two severe winters unhindered. With these facts before us, it is to be hoped we shall I see a more extensive cultivation of them in the ; future, as in any fair sized tub, tank, aquarium, I pond, or water hole, they may be grown. In regard to this ancient and historical plant, we may infer from the statement of such an ob- servant and well informed person as was the late J. C. Loudon, that " the holy Cyamus, or Pytha- gorian bean of antiquity, is the product of the Nelumbium, a stately aquatic, which abounds in all the hotter countries of the East, where the roots are frequently used as food." That many senti- mental writers have often seen fit to laud the lovely ! Water Lilies is well known ; and that two of the most popular authors of their time did not deem these elegant flowers beneath their notice, is 1 evident, from the following remark : " The water lily in the light Her ehalis raised in silver bright," Was undoubtedly N. album, which Scott must have frequently found floating on the bosom of many a pellucid pool, tranquil lake, or lonely forest mere, so common to the sequestered glens of the land of the heather bell and bonnie broom. While another enraptured poet, possibly Moore, [ than whom, none could discern and gather "Fancy's brilliant flowers" more skilfully than himself essays to unite in poetic wreaths with the real ones. These were plentiful about the remarkable waterfalls, picturesque cascades and fountains in the Vale of Cashmere, celebrated for its romantic beauty ; and who, when enamored with the angelic charms of some eastern maid. naturally invokes, as guileless witnesses to his ardent passion, in poetic fancy, of course, "The flowers of the valley all bending with dew, And the sweet water lily of exquisite blue ;" This lovely blue, star-like flower, travelers in that country have oftentimes admired, I suppose, would be N. stellata. And no more flowery theme, I opine, could possibly be chosen than to extol the transcendent beauty with so pleasantly suggestive a name, as our native rosy sweet-scented aquatic the famed Water Lily of Cape Cod, N. odorata roseum, of which kind, Mr. S. grows largely. And it yet remains for some gentle bard to softly sound his lute, and sing a melodious lay to so fair a flower. In summing up these desultory remarks, I must truly admit that the refulgent glory of the Nymphaeas, Nelumbiums, and other interesting plants, were, on the day I went to see them, too beautiful ever to forget. And while penning my impressions of them, in imagination, I see them still as lovely as when I actually gazed upon them, i886. AND HORTICULTURIST. 13 borne above, or floating upon the glassy surface of the water, which glistened in the beams of the morn- ing sun. The subtle shades of exquisite coloring, which showed the marvellous touches of the Master, no earthly artist could imitate ; and the beauty of which, for want of proper language to express the magnificence thereof, I am compelled to abruptly close the subject. Mount Holly, N. J. STEAM HEATING A SUCCESS. BY AN OHIOAN. It appears to be a weakness with a good many florists to multiply the number of feet of glass | they own, especially when bringing themselves before their brother florists. E. Hippard's green- houses as described by N. B. Stover, as containing over 12,000 feet of glass, cannot (according to my measurements a few days ago) be anything but a mistake. I could not make out much more than the half of this amount, but perhaps I cannot measure so correctly as Mr. Stover. The ground occupied by the houses covers only a space of be- tween 5,000 and 6,000 square feet; and how 12,- 000 feet of glass can be put on this I know not. Now, as to the price of coal, the meanest kind of bituminous slack can be had on the track for one dollar per ton of 2,000 pounds, and Mr. Hippard having no horse of his own, would have to hire the hauhng, which would not be less than twenty- five cents per ton ; this would make the slack de- livered, $1.25 per ton. I consider, however, that for heating greenhouses, that at the very least one ton of hard coal is worth two tons of soft coal, even good lump coal, and certainly worth a good deal more than poor slack. Therefore, Mr, Chaapel, do not leave Pennsylva- nia and come to Ohio expecting to have your greenhouses heated for almost nothing. Although Youngstown is right in the centre of a mining district it costs just about as much to the florists to heat their greenhouses here as it does in the east. It takes a certain amount of heating material to heat a given amount of water sufficiently to make steam, and I consider there is just as little waste heat passes off from the Kxeter heating apparatus of Mr. Chaapel's as from the locomotive boiler of Mr. Hippard's. And furthermore, from what I have seen of both boilers, I consider that one ton of hard coal in the Exeter boiler will pro- duce as much steam as two tons of our lump coal costing $2.00 per ton, will produce in the locomotive boiler. I know from considerable practice, that one ton of hard coal in a Hitching's corrugated boiler will maintain a higher temperature for the same time, than two tons of our best block bituminous coal. There are two classes of people daily to be met with. The one is continually trying to make out how much can be accomplished without much outlay. The other is just the reverse, making everything cost much more than it really does. The first is the more hurtful in the florist busi- ness, and has been the means of making many a one spend much time in trying to get something for nothing. [It has often been felt that a definition of " feet of glass " would be very desirable, as the ex- pression is very indefinite as it stands. Some, and we think this is the general idea, understand the square feet of roof surface, but we are told others include the square feet of the glass sides and gable ends when there are any. Then there are some who mean by a thousand feet of glass, a thousand square feet of earth surface covered by glass. None of these definitions will tell just what it is desirable to know when we talk about heating, namely, the number of cubic feet of air in the house the heating apparatus has to warm ; but still the number of " feet of glass " gives an approximation, and it is well to keep up the ex- pression. But we should like an expression of opinion whether it would not be better to have, it generally understood that " feet of glass" means square feet of earth surface. — Ed. G. M.] FIRE HEAT AND PLANTS. BY N. ROBERTSON. Although I write from a climate putting a severe test on fire heat in its relation to plants, owing to the long duration of its winters, some of my re- marks may apply to those more favorably situated than we are. The length of time we have to sub- mit to artificial heat without any ventilation makes it a point of consideration how far nature will bear this without detrimental effects. I am no admirer of strong fire heat for many plants now subjected to it, but find in many cases that j a more moderate temperature is better. To argue j that fire heat and sun heat are two different things, as regards plant growth, would be un- necessary. Every plant grower must be aware of that. The one is accompanied by a dull cloudy sky, the other with light and natural heat so bene- ficial as seen in all flowering plants. Little sun, few flowers, is the general rule. u THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, My argument is that there are many plants sub- jected to this forced heat because they are from a tropical climate, and will endure no other, live, and be in health. My experience has taught me a different lesson. I shall not enumerate the many cases in which I have practiced with most favorable results. I will leave these trials for per- sons themselves to find out. One point I may re- mark is, that much of the success will depend on the manner in which water is applied. Those plants must not be deluged with water so as to make the soil cold and clammy. The soil used in this state must not be of a close binding nature, or your trials are sure to be a failure. No more water must be applied than just sufficient. The oft repeated "drain-perfectly " must be perfect. One thing has proved to me, that if a plant is much subjected to insects, this change will greatly ameliorate that condition. What I pre- fer is, to grow my tropical plants in the sum- mer, and then retain their beauty through the winter months. Continued forcing has a weak- ening effect. Take the lower temperature plants, and subject them even to their native tem- perature by the fire heat, and you will soon see how they will succumb to all sorts of disease and insects. There is no doubt but the great outcry so frequently heard is caused by overstraining nature's ability to perform her functions quicker than she is able properly to mature them. Ever- greens are nearly always treated as ever-growers, due respect seldom being paid to a resting season. In a climate such as ours, where our houses may be said to be hermetically sealed for at least five months of the year, with no possibility of venti- lation under our present system of ventilating, opening ventilators causing cold draughts from the outside, would destroy any thing in close proxim- ity to them, and above all things to be avoided. An excessive night temperature is probably the greatest drawback. In many instances where no night fireman is kept, in cold weather strong fires are made up late in the night, so as to retain heat enough until morning. When this fire burns up, a high temperature is attained, but by morn- ing it is down to almost freezing. Some will tell you nature often does this very same thing, but I don't think they would consider it favorable to vegetation. A strong night temperature I have a great aversion to. Plants should have a quiet time of rest during the night, or exhaustion must follow. All climes, as far as I am aware, show a decrease of temperature in a greater or less degree at times. Then I say, avoid as much as possible this overstraining fire heat, and you will find the ad- vantage of it in the end ; remembering that much of your success will depend on the care you take in watering. I may be thought conflicting with the florists whose great aim is to supply the market with flowers, regardless often of the du- ration of plants, or with the propagator who must have heat to enable him to be successful. My aim is only intended for those who grow plants for the decoration of their homes for permanent beauty. Supt. Gov. Grounds, Canada. STEAM HEATING A SUCCESS. BY N. B. STOVER. In reply to Mr. Harry Chaapel's communication in November number of the Gardeners' Month- ly, I admit my communicaion was rather a query, for the reason that I had not mentioned the price of fuel. I certainly do not know what Mr. Chaapel's boiler is capable of doing, or whether it is a fancy or a common critter ; but this much I do know, that our boiler is by no means fancy, but on the contrary, a very homely looking thing that eats any kind of stuff you give it. We used the past very cold winter ninety tons of Saw-mill Run slack, at $r.oo per ton de- livered at our place. This slack cokes over nicely, and keeps a good hot fire for a long time, con- sidering the large amount of condensing surface. We fired from one to every three hours, according to the state of the weather. I have no doubt that many others of the readers of the Gardeners' Monthly were as much sur- prised as Mr. Chaapel, at the low cost of fuel for heating such a large amount of glass; and I probably was more surprised than anyone. There is, and has been, quite a controversy in regard to the heating of greenhouses by steam, for and against. The general complaint is because the expense connected therewith, generally costing more fuel than hot water ; therefore I consider our plan and fixtures a success. Our place is not very distant from Mr, Chaapel, and a call would no doubt give him quite a relief, and better the condition of his purse a few hun- dred dollars. We will, or at least Mr. Hippard will, entertain him free of expense while staying here. ^400 for heating the same amount of glass that we heat for %<)0, is quite a difference, and certainly I think there must be something wrong somewhere. Youn^stown, O. i886. AND HORTICULTURIST. '5 EDITORIAL NOTES. Culture of Aquatics.— The efforts of Mr. E. D. Sturtevant, of Bordentown, N. J., to make popular the culture of water plants, has met with considerable success, if we may judge by pretty tanks, occasionally seen. One of the most at- tractive features of Fairmount Park last year, was the water plants. Whoever has water may have these pretty things, and tubs sunk in the ground will do for those who have no natural ponds. LOPEZIA MINIATA FOR CUT FLOWERS. — The Germans make as much use of this lovely rose- colored flower, as we do of Stevia or Alyssum, for winter cut flower work. The smallest bunch of flowers in that country is considered incomplete without a few sprigs of Lopezia. William Francis Bennett Rose. — Some small plants flowered in France last year, and the growers are inclined to go into ecstasies over it. Red Spider. — Red spider, (Acarus telarius) is a minute mite of microscopic size, and is first seen with the naked eye as a red moving speck. The genus to which it belongs (Acarus) contains an enormous number of species, mostly parasitic in their habits, either upon plants or animals. The present species mostly begins to attack exotics when they are young and tender. The female red spider deposits its numerous eggs upon the under- side of leaves; they are exceedingly small, whit- ish, and scattered over the leaves. The larvae, as hatched, resemble their parents save in size ; when mature they are of a dark brown color and slightly hairy. Like spiders and mites in general, they moult several times before reaching maturity. They spin for themselves silken webs, which shelter them from weather and other influences. — Gardening Illustrated. SCRAPS AND QUERIES. Insect on SxMILax. — A correspondent from Allegheny, Pa., sent us some insects a few months ago, which in a note in the Monthly we said might be the ordinary Black fly or Aphis of green- houses. There were only a few, and fast to the bottom of the bottle, and we could not get them out without filling with water, and shaking them up and out. We understand that another florist, afflicted by what he believes the same insect on smilax, sent a few to Prof. Riley, who pronounces them a species of Haltica, an ally of the turnip fly. Tobacco smoke would hardly destroy these, as they would fall to the ground where the smoke would not be dense, and come up again. Prof. Riley says insect powder is the best remedy. Names of Night Blooming Cactuses.— "J. H. S." New Haven, Conn., notes: "In number for October, page 299, ' W. P.' Oswego, N. Y., seems i to have mistaken Cereus nycticaulis for C. grandi- florus, and what he calls C. latifrons is without doubt Phyllocactus Hookerii." Variety of Farfugium. — Mr. R. L. Blair, Des Moines, Iowa, writes: "In the August Monthly, you say Farfugium grande is the only variety worthy of cultivation. I send you by mail to-day a box of leaves from a variety I have, which I consider finer than F. grande, and of equally as good growth. These leaves were cut from a large specimen in a 1 2-inch pot. The mark- ings of white, cream, and pink are very beautiful and distinct, no two leaves being alike; some are all white, some half white and green, others green and white stripe. I should like to know the name." [The inquiry in the August number had refer- ence to species of Farfugium. The leaves sent are still but a variety of F. grande, but yet are, from a horticultural point of view, very distinct from the old form. Instead of merely spotted as that one is, these are full striped, or as the gard- ener would say, variegated. — Ed. G. M.] A Rose that will not Flower. — "J. H.," Ardmore, Pa., writes: "I have had a Reina Maria Henrietta growing upon a rafter in my green- house for three years and it has not yet bloomed. I pruned it the first year, and the second year I did not prune it at all — at the present time it covers a space twenty feet long on one side of the green- house from the ridge half way down the side and it is sending up six shoots about an inch in cir- cumference. I would be obliged to you, or would be glad to have some of your readers suggest some mode of treatment that would cause it to bloom." [No one can do more than guess at the stub- bornness of this rose, except on general principles. One would have to see in order to give special ad- vice. In a general way, a rose only flowers freely when it has an abundance of direct sunlight. A house shaded by numerous thick heavy rafters, or one that has numerous dirty "laps" to the panes of glass, or one with a flattish roof that permits only the direct sun's rays at mid-day, these or other similar conditions would operate against a free flowering. Or there may be a too free vigor of growth from some cause, and this would be against a floriferous condition. — Ed. G. M.l i6 THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY IJanuary, Fruit and Vegetable Gardening. SEASONABLE HINTS. and orchards from the pleasure which gardening affords, quite as much as from the mere amount The people who garden simply to get something of " truck " the ground produces. Hence, the Sea- to eat, in most cases will do better by buying what sonable Hints we give have quite as much to do ^^ ...^ Rivers' Early Prolific Cherry they want from some pedlar, in market, or some j with questions ot superiority in fruits and vege- other place ; but most of cur readers have {gardens tables, as with the exact market value thereof. 1886. AND HORTICULTURIST. 17 But we are not so sure that those who take pleasure in superiority, are not also the ones who make the most money, for there is always a good demand for superior articles, no matter how much the market may be glutted with poor fruit. We make these remarks now, because, when in a past year we recommended that an orchard of apple or other fruit trees should have a good dressing of manure at this season, especially if the orchard be in grass, it was objected in one quarter that a poor farmer could not afford to manure an orchard. But there can be no question twenty-five. An apple some years ago that measured twelve inches in circumference, would probably be characterized as being "some pump- kins ;" some brought to market here this year must have exceeded this by two or three inches. Both our farmers and our gardeners deserve great credit for their enterprise in keeping even with the times. Our orchardists are, however, chargeable with the very common fault of permitting their trees to be injured by over-production. I thought I was thorough enough this year when I cut out over twelve hundred pears from a but that to lead to the best success with fruits, the 1 Seckel tree in my garden to lighten the crop, but I land must be either naturally rich, or it must have j found seventeen hundred and fifty pears on it some artificial fertilizing in some manner. As when the fruit was mature enough to gather in the we frequently note, in some parts of the world, where even the climate is just suited to a given fruit, yet those who would excel will take great pains with their culture. The cherry is an illustration. The English climate is nicely suited to the cherry ; yet houses are often built in which to grow them, solely be- cause they are so much finer and better than in the open air. Annexed we give an illustration from the Journal of Horticulture, of a plant of Rivers' Early Prolific, grown in the cherry house of Mr. Rivers, and grown in a large pot at that, which will give some idea of what we mean. Suppose we could get all the cherries we wanted to eat, for a quarter, who would not give a half- dollar for a bunch like these ? Art can beat Nature every time ; but only those who take pleasure in the art can do it. COMMUNICATIONS. WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA NOTES ON FRUITS. latter part of August. It is questionable if this pear, though embraced among the early kinds which are best ripened in the house, is not fre- quently gathered sooner than it should be. Sheldon, Lawrence, and Winter Nelis, all have done finely with me this year, and Dana's Hovey is larger and better than ever before. I consider it superior in quality to the Seckel. I have been disappointed in one pear, the Le- conte. A friend gave me some grafts three years ago which made a splendid growth, and the fruit seemed very promising. It was long and smooth, shaped somewhat like a musk-melon, and left on the tree until the leaves ripened and the fruit came off easily. It soon assumed a lemoa color, and looked finely, but when opened most of the specimens were discolored and decayed, and when not so, unfit to be eaten. Possibly in another climate on a different soil they may be much better. It ripens south in summer, here in October. I think there is no department of fruit, in which the public has been more humbugged than in grapes. I have tried some fifteen or twenty var- ieties, and rejected them one after the other ; and it makes one smile to look over old catalogues and see the eulogiums bestowed upon them when they With the exception of peaches which were an entire failure, and some occasional apple orchards, the fruit season here has been a very favorable one were first brought out. bolh in respect to quantity and quality. In June The Delaware holds its position well, but some and July our Meadville market was fairly flooded of the bunches are the better for having the berries with strawberries, first from the far south, and thinned out. Tallman and Red Wyoming are then from home gardens until the price got down vigorous growers, and ripen their fruit early, but to four and five cents per quart. Primos and I when ripe it is only fit for making jelly. Brighton Manchesters, that would once have astonished the does not set its fruit well, is more palatable than world, had to compete with several novelties the last two, but soon spoils. Catawissa grows equally large and attractive, lately introduced. strongly, produces large bunches of good sized Apples, less injured by the codling moth than berries with a rich bloom on them, but it does not usual, have also been very abundant, driving the fertilize perfectly, and lacks some qualities to fit it market price down from forty cents a bushel to 1 for a table grape. Under glass Muscat of Alexandria THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, has ripened fully this year with me without fire heat. I wish some of your correspondents would give some efficient remedy for thrip. One cannot use burning sulphur on account of the foliage. To- bacco smoke taints the fruit. I thought I had nearly gotton rid of them last year, but this season they came back in full force, entering 1 think through the wire screens of the windows. Burn- ing paper saturated with kerosene in a wire cup attached to a long handle, and passing it rapidly over the vines, avoiding the fruit, does very little injury to the foliage, and destroys many of the insects ; and they can be reached to still greater advantage on a warm day when they congregate at the apex ot the vinery to enjoy the heat. But what the amateur cultivator wants is something that does no injury to man, foliage, or fruit, but will fully and successfully banish or destroy the insects. I have, at writing, got all my out-door vines trimmed to red wood ; laid down and covered with leaves for the winter, and advise all of your northern readers to do the same. Meadville, Pa., Nov. 2nd, 1885. EDITORIAL NOTES. Strawberries in Buckets. — The New Haven News says: " Portable strawberry beds are the latest in the long list of inventions of the nineteenth century, and in a few years every citizen who has a little patch of garden, or a sunny spot on the roof of his house, can raise strawberries all the year round. These beds have three or four ad- ' vantages over the old-fashioned style, which can- not be over-estimated. All the disadvantages of wind, rain and drought are done away with. Be- tween Branford and Guilford is a back road that is little travelled, and on one of the loneliest, rockiest, and most generally forlorn clearings lives the man who is destined to revolutionize the market gardening of the future. He is an aged negro rejoicing in the appellation of Caesar John- son. A reporter, with a taste for the wild and beautiful in nature, and who had saved up three months' salary and hired a team and taken a friend to ride, chanced to drive past the habitation of Caesar, a day or two ago, and was surprised to see the old man sitting in front of his house, re- garding, with an air of pride, three or four fine specimens of strawberries. "'Where in the world did you get those?' he asked, as he drew up his animated quadruped, and forgot all about his companion and the fact that horse hire goes by the hour, '" I growed 'em,' said CiEsar, as he calmly de- voured a berry that would bring 25 cents in the ^ New York market. "' You grew them ? How?' "'Yes, sar, I done growed them in buckets. You jess come and see.' "The reporter followed, and sure enough back of the hovel, on a bench, stood twenty pails, each with a flourishing strawberry plant. Some of the plants were covered with blossoms, and on the others the deep and delicately greenish white of the ripe and unripe fruit, peeped from under luxuriant leaves. " ' You see dem pails is mighty handy to take round,' explained Caesar as he held one up in each hand for the news gatherer's inspection. 'I done made a lot of them pails, and fill'em up wid de blackest kind of wood dirt. Den once a week I cuts a runner off an old plant, and puts it in a fresh pail, and that way I keeps a fresh stock. Dese old plants can stand de cold, so I leabs dem out, until late in the afternoon, but the young 'uns, dey looks kinder peaked if I lets dem be out, ex- cept in de middle ob de day.' "The roof of the house was mostly composed of old sashes neatly glazed, and in the centre of the garret floor stood an old wood stove, which kept the temperature at summer heat. There were more pails, each containing plants of dif- ferent ages which Cassar explained would bear all winter if he did not forget and let the fire go out." Meech's Prolific Quince.— It has become the fashion of late years for some one who knows to see nothing but old kinds of fruits in popular new varieties. Out of so many old forms disap- pearing, it would be remarkable if some of the seedlings did not occasionally resemble some of the original kinds. Indeed we are confident that there is often no difference between new forms and kinds popular a quarter of a century or more ago. But what signifies this? If the old ones get enervated, subject to disease, and dwindle out generally, a seedling with health is desirable, even though the old form should be exactly repro- duced. We would give a great deal if some one would give us a seedling of the old Butter pear or W^hite Doyenne, which would not crack, even though every lineament of the parent were repro- duced. Meech's Quince is going through this ordeal, some good judges seeing no difference be- tween fruit of this and the Champion. This may all be, and yet the new introduction be a very desirable kind. The proper place to decide the value of a new introduction should be in the field among the growing plants, and in comparison with the kinds it is believed to resemble growing near it, rather than by a plate of fruit at a country fair. Miner's Prolific Str.'vwberky — has been found at the Agricultural College of Michigan, a wonderful berry as grown here on rich soil and with good culture ; productive, large, firm, quality good. It equaled the Sharpless in size. During i886. AND HORTICULTURIST. 19 the first two or three pickings the berries had green tips similar to the Bidwell, but these colored up well as the main pickings began. Cherry, Molmanne Duke. — The Revue Horti- cole considers this a valuable late cherry, ripening after Belle de Choisey. In France they have had the fruit till the 15th of September. The Jessica Grape. — This Canadian seedling was noted in our columns last year, and is said to have given great satisfaction in Canada last year. American Grape in Europe. — The planta- tions of American Phyllo.xera-proof grapes in Europe are getting to be enormous. We learn by an Italian journal that at Sassara, in Italy, 20,000 were set out in one spot. The Industry Gooseberry. — In the old world where time is of less consequence than here, this goes by the name of Wyndham's Industry, and some poraologists are inclined to bastinado Amer- icans for changing the name to disguise its Eng- lish origin. Not at all, but we cannot tolerate a long name. The Florence Cherry. — The Gardening World figures this old European variety, and wonders that it is not more known. It is given as forming a bunch of fruit over five inches wide, and with 21 cherries on the face view side of the bunch. Certainly if this is a fair sample of its average condition, it ought to be in American collections as well as more freely in those of Europe. The Cu.mberland Strawberry.— Mr. D. M. Dunning, after a good look through Rochester, regards the Cumberland as possessing the most desirable qualities for all purposes in that section. We may here note, as an awful warning to those who will give fruits and flowers long and unweildly names, that this variety was originally named Cumberland Triumph, but the great public has cut it down one-half. The Jones Pear. — How long it takes for a good thing to get well known is illustrated by the Jones pear. Here is a variety that is full worthy to rank among winter pears as the Seckel does among autumn kind, and yet its name does not appear in any shape on the lists of the American Pomologi- cal Society. Cauliflower, Chalon Perfection. — Those who love pretty vegetables as well as handsome flowers regard this as a great advance in beauty over older kinds. The surface is as white as snow, and almost as smooth as ivory. The prac- tical man loves it because it is said to make good heads in soil but of moderate fertility. A New Bull-nose Pepper.— It is said that a new giant has been produced in the old world that has a fruit 7 to 8 inches long, and 4 to 5 inches broad. Good news for the lovers of pepper sauce. The Salamander Lettuce.— This variety is said to head under warm weather very well, when other varieties are disposed to run to seed. SCRAPS AND QUERIES. Fruit Rooms.— "E. W. W." of Yantic, Conn., writes : " I have been unable to find any published article on 'Fruit Rooms,'and the generally accepted plan for preserving pears and grapes into the late fall or even winter. Such an article with full di- rections for building would, I believe, be appre- ciated." It has been found of little use to offer to others exact plans of fruit rooms suitable to any one person's wants, and hence it is not attempted in books and seldom in periodicals in recent times, but there are certain general principles of use to everybody, which it may be of service to give here. Fruit houses are for preserving apples, pears or grapes, but chiefly the two former, and especi- ally the first. The conditions for perfect success vary somewhat in each case, and hence if one would be perfect, he should have a separate house for each class. If one be a fruit grower on a large scale he would certainly do this, but in a general way when we are asked how best to build a fruit house, it is taken for granted that the in- quirer is an amateur, who wants a house suited to the wants of his family, and in which the products of his garden and orchard can be preserved as long as possible, and be within reach whenever wanted. It must be a sort of omnibus, capable of containing all his fruit of whatever kind. Now the enemies of the fruit-keeper are, heat, moisture, and frost. The fruit room must not go be- low the freezing point, nor must the temperature go much higher, the aim being to keep it below 45O if possible. No condensation of moisture must take place within the building, and there must be means provided for ventilation, that is, to let out the superabundant moisture thai may evaporate from the fruit, or admit colder air should the temperature get too dry. The apple will bear more moisture than the grape, and the grape than the pear. Some fruit-keepers think darkness fav- THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, orable to the preservation of fruit, but we have not noticed any disadvantage in light, and should certainly have light enough to see everything clearly in the room. In order to be safe from frost, some have ar- rangements for a little artificial heat in very severe weather, but to our mind it is better without. It is very difficult to know just what the low tem- perature may be, and we may sometimes have the heat too high, or the temperature gel too low. This will be liable to occur, if even the owner himself take in hand to watch the thermometer, and much more likely if the matter is left to the discretion of some employee. To make abso- lutely safe against frost, it was at one time the fashion to build the fruit room in part or wholly below ground; but they so often became too damp and too warm, that few do this now, though we do not know why it might not be made proof against these dangers, if some judgment were dis- played in the construction. The most approved method is to have the building wholly above I ground, and to have double or treble walls. In ! climates where the temperature does not go much I below zero, a well-constructed double wall, with double doors and double window sash, would be quite safe. For greater security, supposing j the walls to be wood, the inside faces of the double wall should be lined with felt. The roof also must be double, with a provision for a ventilator, if it should be found necessary to use one. This, howeve;-, may not be required, if win- dows are so arranged that there can be a current of air passed through now and then. Air, how- j ever, should not be given, except when the tem- 1 perature outside equals that within, or there will I be a troublesome condensation of moisture, which ' is what we try to avoid. The interior should be I a mass of shelves on which the fruit is to be 1 spread, and so arranged as to be easy of access to observe and to handle the fruit. The fruit may be several courses thick on the shelves, even heaped without injury, provided we secure the ' best conditions for preserving them. Hay may be placed over the fruit if there is danger of frost penetrating; but this should be avoided if possi- ble, because a fruit house should be a show house equal to a greenhouse of pretty flowers ; and there is no more beautiful sight in the world, to which to invite a friend, than a well-ordered fruit house, with every one of the varieties on its own separate shelf, and presenting to the beholder the most glorious reasons for its existence. I Of course, if the full measure of pleasure in fruit growing is not desired ; if we feel on a level with the beast that perisheth, and only want to lay up something to eat, in as cheap and secure a way as possible, the fruit may be carefully selected to see that no "specked" ones are included, packed in barrels and "stowed away anywhere in a cool place secure from frost," as the books have it. We have given here a sketch of such a fruit house as we have in our mind, though seen some years since. Some of our readers may know of something that would give some additional sug- gestion for which we should be glad to make room. A fruit house for preserving fruits on a large scale by those who want to grow for market might also be desirable to many, and though these must be based on the principles we have laid down, there must be later modifications in some fruit centers of which it would be very interesting to know. A PrOiMising Seedling Peach.— A Richmond, Va., correspondent says : " Noticing your remarks on Mr. Shearer's 'Globe' peach, has inspired me to mention a seedling that I have, which might be judged by those capable of knowing, far superior to the Globe. The description answers very well for mine, except as to the size and weight. Among the finest fruit gathered this season, which is its second fruiting year, the tree being four years old, were some which measured eleven and three-quarter inches in circumference, and weighed ten and a half ounces; with the balance of the crop correspondingly large. It has a most delicious flavor, and is looked upon by my neighbors as something of the extraordinary in size and beauty. Unfortunately I have no fruit left to send you. It ripens about the first of Oc- tober. It has caused considerable interest among some of our nurserymen ; but being only a florist and not knowing its probable value as yet, I have kept it out of their hands until I can learn more about it. I would be glad to hear through the columns of the Monthly, if, from what I have written, you think it is a new variety, and if likely to be a good one." [Seedling peaches are so numerous that it re- quires something more than " very good" to make a new introduction popular. For a market peach, one that will not easily decay by bad usage is a good point, and there are many others that can only be judged of by one actually growing the tree, and comparing with other kinds growing in the same vicinity. So far as it is possible to judge from a mere description, the peach of our cor- respondent seems of value.— Ed. G. M.] i886. AND HORTICULTURIST. Forestry. COMMUNICATIONS. TEA CULTURE IN THE SOUTH. BY MRS. D. WALKER. In one of last year's numbers of the Gardeners' Monthly, I gave an account of the success of our tea plants, which this autumn are profusely covered with bloom and buds. The bushes have much increased in diameter, are perfectly healthy, strong and vigorous, with dark heavy foliage. They seem impervious to drought and floods, and vie with our native evergreens in beautifying the garden. Now, about planting the seeds collected last year from our own bushes. The ground where they were to be planted was thoroughly mulched, the soil naturally being very sandy. The seeds were dropped on the ground and left uncovered. No further care was given, the weeds for the whole of the past season not being removed. At this time, there are a hundred or more fine thrifty plants covering the spot ; proving, indis- putably, that tea can be grown in this State, and surely such an industry should not be overlooked. What difficulty could there be in importing some Chinese who are accustomed to the manipulation of the leaves; and, in short, understand the proper process of preparing the tea for market ? Assam and other East Indian teas are largely imported into Europe, and commonly drunk. There can be no doubt as to their excellent flavor. While in England this summer, I drank Assam tea every day, and thought it much superior to our ordinary black tea, for which we pay (retail) $i.lo per pound. Another fact is worth reporting. In England, j the duty on tea is twelve cents a pound ; here | there is no duty, and good tea is far more expen- ' sive than abroad. j Summerville, Charleston, S. C, Nov. 8th, iSSj. \ [This note is very acceptable as keeping before the community a topic it is apt to forget. There is no reason for doubt that the tea plant will grow as well, and produce as good tea in portions of the Southern sea-board States, as in China. The , whole question is reduced to one of cost of pro- i duction. The introduction of Chinese labor would not help the question in the least. .^11 experience | has shown that every new locality must be a law unto itself. In the early history of vine-growing in America, it was thought essential to import vine dressers from the vineyards of Europe. Their art was of no value here, and vine-growing was not a success until we cut loose wholly from the experiences of the old world. The most suc- cessful vineyardists of to-day never saw the old world. And this must be true of tea culture. When some enterprising young man shall take hold of the tea question, note well just where its weaknesses are, and go resolutely to work to strengthen these points, tea culture will be one of the most profitable industries of the South, And that person and that time will surely come. — Ed. G. M.] THE SO-CALLED HARDY CATALPA. BY T. T. LYON. Under the above heading, the Monthly, in the number for December, at page 371, refers to a Bulletin (No. 7) of the Agricultural College of Michigan, which alleges that Catalpas, bignoni- oides and speciosa, and also Teas' hybrid, are tender in Michigan ; and that the two former are about equally hardy. I will not undertake to question the statement, so far as their hardiness at so unfavorable a locality as the College Farm is concerned, farther than to say, that this is the only locality in southern Michigan, from which we have heard a complaint that C. speciosa is not entirely hardy. Forty years ago we planted and grew C. big- nonioides for many years in eastern Michigan ; and very rarely succeded in carrying it through the winter unharmed ; and others in that region on various soils, experienced the same difficulty. There are now standing in the streets of this village, within half a mile of Lake Michigan, in a vicinity where the peach is a staple orchard fruit, several trees of C. bignonioides, in a sadly diseased condition, obviously from the effect of our winters. On the other hand, we have, for the same forty years, known a tree of C. speciosa, which, the last time we saw it, (three years since,) was in perfect health. We have also, for seven years past, grown both speciosa and Teas' Hybrid, and planted them here, in western Michigan, as roadside and yard trees, as well as in nursery; THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY IJanuary, and we have very rarely, if ever, observed any injury w^hatever to either, attributable to the cold of our winters. In fact a hundred or two of speciosa and Teas' Hybrid, of two-year seed- lings, stood through the unusually severe and continuous cold of last winter, in nursery rows, in a very bleak exposure, uninjured ; and have made a vigorous, healthy growth this past sum- mer. Roadside trees of speciosa, three to five years planted, have done equally well, showing no injury whatever. Plymouth, Mich. LARGE SASSAFRAS TREES. BY DR. GORDON W. RUSSELL. Some time since, Dr. G. L. Porter, of Bridgeport, informed me of a large tree of this species growing in the vicinity of that city. I have not seen this myself, but he visited and has kindly sent me the location and measurements of the two trees, which, with his letter, are as follows : "Bridgeport, May 29th, 1885. " Dear Dr.— By this mail I send a small box, containing some buds on the terminal branches of the large sassafras tree ; the root and bunch of undeveloped blossoms and leaves are from large bushes at its foot. The tree itself is not yet in leaf. To-day we have seen a dozen or more sim- ilar trees, but not as large as the tree of which I will make subsequent mention. "On the main road, over Holland Heights, two and a half miles west of Bridgeport, on the south side, half way up the hill, is a sassafras tree. Four feet above ground its circumference is sev- enty-eight (78) inches; the spread of its branches is thirty (30) feet, and its height is about fifty-five (55) feet. "About one mile northwest (and two miles northwest of Black Rock), at the junction of Black Rock turnpike and a cross road, on the land of Andrew Nelson, Esq., is a similar tree, but of larger size. It stands upon a hill-side, and is in- cluded in a stone wall. Upon the lower or west side, seven feet from the ground, and upon the upper or eastern side, four feet from the ground, the circumference is one hundred and ten (no) inches; the spread of branches is fifty-six (56) feet, and the height fifty-five (55) feet." To most persons who consider the sassafras as only a short or small tree, these dimensions are wonderful, and probably are not exceeded by any other specimens in the State. The largest of which I have any knowledge, is standing in the grounds of the Retreat for the Insane, in this city. This is sixty-nine (69) inches in circumference at three feet from the ground, and is about forty (40) feet in height. It was probably planted, with many other of the fine trees on the grounds, soon after the establishment of the institution, a little more than half a century since. But I find, upon investigation, that the sassa- fras attains occasionally a very large growth. Michaux says, that while in the northern latitudes " it is only a tall shrub, rarely exceeding fifteen or twenty feet in height, yet, in the neighborhood of New York and Philadelphia, it grows to the height of forty or fifty feet, and attains a still loftier stature in some parts of Virginia, the Carolinas, and the Floridas, as well as in the Western States, and in upper and lower Louisiana." Dr. Jacob Bigelow says that it " arrives in favorable situa- tions, to a tall stature, and large circumference." Emerson states that in Massachusetts, " the sassa- fras rarely reaches thirty feet in height and a foot in diameter. I have, however, measured some which were forty or fifty feet high, and nearly two feet in diameter. One was growing in 1842, in West Cambridge, which measured more than three feet through at the base, and rose without a limb more than thirty feet, with a trunk very straight and slightly diminished, above which it had a some- what lofty and broad head. It was nearly sixty feet feet high, and had been growing by itself. It was felled and its roots dug up, to allow a stone wall to run in a right line. Such pieces of barbarism are still but too common. A tree so beautiful and lofty, and of such rare dimensions, such an ornament to a bare hillside, sacrificed to the straightness of a wall !" There are doubtless many other large and beautiful trees in this State which are annually sacrificed for as slight reasons as the above. It was stated in a newspaper item last year, that there was growing in the northern part of Georgia, a sassafras tree which was now twenty feet in circumference, but I have not been able to dis- cover any authority for it. I should be glad to receive accounts of any large or remarkable trees to be found in this State. Hartford, Conn. [These are fine trees for so far north. The Edi- tor has no note of the largest trees he has seen near Philadelphia, but is sure some must have been nine feet round. — Ed. G. M.l EDITORIAL NOTES. The Hardy and the Tender Catalpas.— Prof. Baily is catching it all round for his report on the hardiness of the two Catalpas, and it is even asserted that his plants are all of the one 1886.J AND HORTICULTURIST. kind— C. speciosa. However, the trouble all arises from the effort of some Western men who were eager to make out that C. bignonoides, which stands in the Eastern States a temperature of many degrees below zero, is a "tender" tree. There is no doubt, we think, that when such experienced foresters as Mr. Douglas tell us the C. speciosa is hardier in some special localities and a better forest tree than C. bignonoides for Western planting, that these are facts. All the trouble comes from a trade effort to belittle the Eastern species, for which there was no occasion. It is a case of one's own chickens coming home to roost. The Yellow Locust. — This is called false Acacia in Europe. A correspondent of the Garden wonders why the "rage" for planting this in Europe, so prevalent some years ago. has died out in the old world. In our country it is found use- less for any work where nailing is required. It will not hold nails. It has no elasticity. It is good for posts that are simply bored to hold the rails. That is all. Forest Destruction. — Fire is a great de- stroyer in America, but storms of wind and rain are forest enemies in other parts of the world. In the immense plantations at Drumlanrig in Scot- land, a tract containing 300,000 trees was destroyed two years ago. It is reported that it will take years to clear the ground of the dead trees. Timber of Austrian Pine. — The Garden says that the timber of Austrian Pine is preferred to Scotch Pine, by Austrian woodmen. It is a rapid grower, and thrives at lower elevations than the Scotch. The Turkey Oak. — The timber of this species is regarded as nearly valueless in Europe. Natural History and Science. COMMUNICATIONS. AMARYLLIS TREATS. BY MRS. FANNY E. BRIGGS. Who has Amaryllis Treatae ? In looking over the numbers of Harpers Monthly for 1877, I chanced upon what seemed to be Mrs. Treat's original description of the Amaryllis that bears her name. After describing her manner of exploring secluded nooks along the banks of streams, and mentioning several plants observed, she says : " But my delight culminated in finding a beau- tiful Amaryllis lily growing amid the dense thicket in the soft, mucky soil along the banks of the stream. The leaf is much broader and longer than the old form of A. Atamasco, L. and the flower finer and larger, and blooms some two months earlier. Some of the largest leaves measure two feet in length, and the largest flowers five inches across, and five inches in length. It commences to bloom in January, and continues in flower till March, It bears transplanting to com- mon garden soil, where it does not depreciate in size of leaf or flower. " Last year I sent some three hundred bulbs to the Botanic garden at Harvard to have it tested, and the director writes me under date of Feb- ruary 2, 1877: ' Your Atamasco lily is a splendid thing, much finer than the old form, and is now charmingly in flower, and very beautiful.' " It will be seen at once that this description differs from that given in the June number of Gardeners' Monthly, and from that of the dealers who offer the bulbs for sale, especially as to the rush-like leaves. I enclose an illustra- tion that differs also from that which appears m the florists' catalogues. The flower stem is short, rising only as high as the curve of the long, strong- growing leaves, and the flower differs in shape ; the lower part seeming almost cylindrical, the upper spreading quite abruptly. My limited personal knowledge is this: I have grown the pink Atamasco many years, and flowered bulbs of A. Treatae received from an eastern dealer, three years, the flowers differing from the pink in no point excepting color. The foliage being scanty and small as shown in cata- logues. [Mrs. Briggs does well by caUing attention to this plant, for we ourselves begin to feel confused as to the differences ; and it may lead to a better diagnosis by some botanist more familiar with the plants. We append herewith all that is said of each in the last edition of Flora of the Southern 24 THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, States. One certainly cannot tell from these descriptions which is which, and in several points Chapman's description is actually discordant with Mrs. Treat's account of the plant. "Amaryllis (Zephyranthes) Treatae, Watson. Bulb small, leaves very narrow (a line to a line and a half wide), thick, semi-terete with rounded margins, not shining ; scape four to twelve inches high ; flowers three inches long, white, the segments rather obtuse ; capsule broader than long, its peduncle three to nine lines long. Low ground, east Florida, (Mrs. Mary Treat,) April and May. "Amaryllis Atamasco, L. (Atamascolily). Scape terete, somewhat lateral, one flowered ; leaves ' linear, concave, fleshy ; spathe one leaved, two- cleft ; perianth short stalked, bell-shaped, white tinged with purple ; style longer than the stamens; seeds angled. Rich damp soil ; Florida, and northward ; March and April. Scape six to \ twelve inches high, commonly shorter than the glossy leaves. Flower two to three inches long." —Ed. G. M.] «-»» ■ I I EDITORIAL NOTES. i The Missouri Botanical Gardens. — The eminently public spirited citizen of St. Louis, Mr. Henry Shaw, who proposes to give his celebrated Gardens to the city on his decease, for the enjoy- , ment and instruction of the people for ever, has not waited for the event of his departure— which | all hope may be long postponed — to inaugurate his generous gift. He has already founded a school of Botany, endowing it with real estate which even now produces an income of over ^5,000 a year. Prof. Wm. Trelease, an eminent botanist among the younger class of men, has been placed in charge, and inaugurated on the 6th of Novem- ber. It has been made a department of Wash- ington University. The whole movement so far seems to indicate a bright future, and must be highly gratifying to Mr. Shaw, the generous pro- moter of the measure. The Engelmann Her- barium, and other famous material will, it is hoped, go to the charge of this new department of the University. Amaryllis or Zei-hyranthes Candida. — When making the note on this subject for our last, we were under the impression that this name was given to the white form of the red Atamasco Lily, but Mr. Sereno Watson calls our attention to the fact that there is a very different species in South America under this name, and this may be the one under culture in English gardens. There still seems a need for some distinctive name for this form. White Atamasco Lily will not do, as the species named for Mrs. Treat is white also. The Montreal Botanic Garden — A garden has been agitated since 1863. Since Prof. Pen- hallow has been Professor of Botany in the Uni- versity, the project has taken shape, and seems now entirely successful. It embraces yj acres ; the arboretum takes of this 40 acres, 5 acres will go for aquatics and similar plants. The plant houses are to cover 216 feet by 90. There will also be lecture rooms, library, and an economic museum. The city furnishes the ground, leases it to the Garden Association, and the citizens find the money. The Horticultural Society is its chief supporter. The Dominion Government, however, appropriated ^1,000,000 to put the garden in a good preliminary condition. The prospects at present indicate that this garden will be one of the most successful on this continent. The Mistletoe in Different Localities. — The following notes from various correspondents,, show the trees which the mistletoe seems to favor in different localities. We should be glad to have information from other localities. It seems pretty clear that a tree that may be a favorite in one locality, may not be in another ; and the reason for this may be discovered when we get a good list of facts. Mr. C. A. Oelschig — "About the mistletoe ques- tion would say, that the parasite is found in and around Savannah in abundance on oaks, espe- cially on Water oaks. Last winter I found mis- tletoe growing on a pear tree, and a few days aga I was surprised to find one growing on an Olea fragrans, which grows in one of the private gar- dens in our city." [ S. T. Walker— "In reply to ' Student's' inqu'ry, as to the mistletoe growing on the oak, will say that in Oregon it is about the only one it does grow on. In fact. I do not recollect having ever seen it on any other tree. It is, however, more plentiful in some places than others. I am told that in one place a mile or so from here, where it used to be abundant, it has disappeared." "A. M.," Pittsburg, Pa. — "Away back in Janu- ary, 1863, after participating in the battle of Fred- ericksburg and Burnside's ' Mud March,' the writer, along with the rest of the old Pennsylvania Reserves, went into camp at Belle Plains (about midway between the Potomac and Rappahannock 1886.1 AND HORTICULTURIST. = 51 Rivers), and there found his first specimen of mis- tletoe. It grew on a Red oak, and he must confess, that it was one Sunday morning that he cut down the tree to get it. He afterwards saAv numbers of them through the same section, and all on oaks." Mr. D. H. Watson notes that in Texas, the mis- tletoe apparently has no choice, as it is found on almost every kind of tree. It is in Western Texas that it is found so abundant on the Mezquite, and hackberry, which, we suppose, in that part refers to Celtis occidentaHs — the sugar-berry or nettle tree of further north. Mr. F. L. Bassett, Hammonton, N. J. — " In regard to the host plant of the mistletoe, I would say that I know of one instance of its growing on the Red maple. In all other cases, it has been found on the sour gum or Nyssa multiflora." [This note is interesting from the fact that the oak is abundant in the same locality, but here it seems not to be in favor with the mistletoe. Why ? —Ed. G. M ] The Curl in the Peach. — Recently we stated that the balloon or bag plum came of the attack of the same fungus that produces the curl in the leaf. This, Mr. Worthington G. Smith, a noted English mycologist disputes. He says the curl comes from an attack by the Ascomyces defor- mans as we have already stated ; but that the baggy plums are caused by Ascomyces Pruni ; another species, — A. bullatus, produces the blister in the pear. The Discharge of Rivers.— The amount of rainfall over the catchment, or supply area of the Delaware River, is 34,000,000 tons; but the amount that gets to the ocean is but 43 per cent, of this, leaving 57 per cent, for evaporation and waste. Cattle Poisoning by Eupatorium agera- TOIDES. — A travelling newspaper paragraph says that a horse disease "known as trembles," was recently brought on " in Ohio" by colts eating this plant. As Eupatorium purpureum, the "Joe Pye weed," is eaten by cattle in these parts without in- jury, and the common " Bone-set," Eupatorium perfoliatum, is used as a tea in some cases by hu- man beings, though refused as food by cattle from its bitterness only, it will be well to postpone giv- ing the pretty Eupatorium ageratoides a bad name, till further evidence be offered. Fairy Rings. — In the old world it is not un- common to see circles of grass two or three feet in diameter, in pastures, with the grass wholly dead inside the circle. The children were taught — as in old times they loved to talk childish things to little children — that the grass was killed by the feet of the fairies who danced all night over these grassy floors. The appearances are now always known as fairy rings. We have never known the grass wholly killed in this country, but it is not uncommon to see circles of grass several feet in diameter where the grass is of a darker green than the rest. This appearance can indeed be often seen on lawns in early spring when the growth first takes place. Mr. Worthington G. Smith, a well known English authority on matters con- nected with fungus growths, gives the following note to the Garden in relation to the subject in answer to a correspondent: "These are caused by the growth of fungi, not- ably by an edible species known as the Fairy Ring Champignon. The underground spawn from which the fungi arise at first starts from a centre, so that by the radial growth of the spawn the rings increase in size every year. The growth of the thick, black grass here mentioned is caused by the decay of the previous year's growth of fungi on the margin of the ring. These fungi form a highly nitrogenous manure. The new crop of fungi (generally to be seen in the autumn) is outside the dark, rank grass ; this crop causes the growth of the dark-colored grass in the fol- lowing year. The ring of black grass is stated here to be sweet ; Shakespeare says it is sour : "The nimble elves That do, by moonshine green, sour ringlets make, Whereof the ewe bites not. " By further observation you will find that Shake- speare was quite right ; herds and flocks do not relish the rank, sour grasses of Fairy Rings, and will not eat them." Fire Blight in the Pear. — The December American Naturalist has a paper by Prof. J. C. Arthur, which is one of the most satisfactory we have read for a long time, and is well worthy of perusal by those interested in intelligent pomology. It is long since the Gardeners' Monthly took the stand that fire blight must of necessity be of fungus origin, because it was not possible to intro- duce any supposition on the other grounds of climate, soil, modes of culture, &c., without the proposition carrying with it its own refutation. It was evident that the cause, whatever it might be, was local, and therefore induced by some special influence operating on particular parts of a tree, wholly independent of the plant itself. In other words, some parasitic action must be the acting power in inducing fire blight. Though predisposed this way, we have not hesitated ta criticise theories offered in its defence, because we think nothing should be accepted as science, that will not bear every attack. Professor Burrill's 26 THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, proposition that the disease was caused by the ' presence of Bacteria, was fully in accord with our prepossessions; still we have not hesitated to point out occasionally, weak points; and quite recently, in noticing another paper by Prof. Arthur, we had ; occasion to observe that there was still left a doubt, whether what was generally known as fire blight, was the disease Prof. Arthur had in his mind. In this paper he has made it clear, that it is the genuine ■fire blight with which he has been experimenting, though it is also clear that some diseases, or per- haps forms of the real disease, but not the genuine article, are sometimes confused. There is still one point which the Professor does not seem to have observed, and which we think very important to a correct diagnosis of the case, and that is, that the part attacked is really but a very small portion of the branch — an inch or two in most cases — and , the rest of the branch is, as he states, killed simply I through the destruction in the ascent of the sap. ' Usually the ringing of a branch, by which the sap would be obstructed, would not result in an imme- diate blackening of the leaves ; they would gradu- 1 ally wither, and finally die away brown instead of' black ; and this reflection would indicate that there i is yet something more than a mere cutting off of | the sap supply. Still, the candid reader will have to admit, that the results of Professor Arthur leave but little doubt that a species of Micrococcus, allied to Bacteria, is at the bottom of all the trouble. It is only its " ways and means " that are yet to be found out. Male and Female Flowers on the Gingko. | — The tree of Salisburia adiantifolia, the Maiden Hair or Gingko tree, which has fruited on the grounds of Charles Wister, in Germantown, the past few years, has been carefully watched this year, without discovering any male catkins, and it is still a question how the female flowers get fertilized. There is a tree wholly male, profusely bearing catkins, on the grounds of Mr. John Haines, half a mile east ; but it seems scarcely credible that the wind should always blow exactly from the east, to carry this pollen to the Wister tree at just this time every year. There is yet something [ to learn, evidently, about the behavior of this singular Japan tree. Like all the yew family to which it belongs, some trees are wholly male, some wholly female, and others with both sexes on the one plant. Plant Life in the Arctics.— During this short summer, the plant life of the Arctics grows very rapidly under the constant stimulus of an ever-shining sun ; and before the snow is off the ground, flowers will be in bloom so near the banks of snow that, with the foot, they may be bent over against them. The vitality in these hardy Arctic plants appears phenomenal, and they almost seem endowed with intelligence in knowing what a brief time they are allowed to spring up, blossom and bear seed. They com- mence early, and hold tenaciously on to all their growth after plants which we are used to seeing, would be prone upon the ground. Middendorf has seen an Arctic rhododendron in Siberia, in full flower all over it, when the roots and the stem were solidly encased in frozen soil as hard as ice. On King William's Land, we had four nights in July and thirteen in August, when the thermometer sank to freezing; and yet I picked flowers in bloom, to within the last three days of the latter month. — Lieut. Schwatka, in Independent. Hybridizing Indian Corn and Sorghum.— A correspondent sends us the following as remark- able. It is from a communication by Dr. E. Bonavia, of Etawah, East Indies, to the London Gardeners' Chronicle, page 736 of last year : "In the same year I obtained a few seeds of the Cu7CO Maize of the Andes — a large white variety. I managed to obtain a cross between this and the native Maize — a very small grained yellow variety. The result of the first crossed seed was encour- aging- It produced a Maize of large size, of a light yellow color. Further experiments with it produced curious varieties. Some plants threw out branches where the ears or cobs should have formed ; others, among the head of male flowers, i on the summit of the stem, produced grains re- sembling those of Sorghum, but larger. This phenomenon led me to believe that the relationship between the Maize (which is monoecious) and the Sorghum, is more intimate than one would have at first supposed. I had proposed to myself, to make some further interesting, and probably use- ful, experiments with this hybrid ; but a few months' absence from Lucknow put an end to them. On my return I could not find the seeds, and the native gardener could not account for their having been lost. Latterly I perceive that Mr. Duthie, of the Saharunpore Botanic Garden, has effected a similar cross. 1 hope he may be more successful than I was. and that he may be 1 perhaps able to prove, that tiie Zea and the Sorghum are not, after all, distinct genera ! With regard to the original Cuzco Maize, nothing could be made of it. It was evidently not suited to the plains of India, its habitat being in the Andes." 1 We have to remember, that in the old world, there does not appear to be the same knowledge of the extent to which plants will naturally vary, independently of hybridization, as exists in the , United States. Hybridization is. in these old-world I886.J AND HORTICULTURIST. 27 experiences, continually brought in to account for phenomena which here we should refer to mere "sporting," which is the every-day word for natural variation. In our country, we continually find Indian corn with small Sorghum-like grains among the male flowers in the tassel ; and male flowers from the ends of the cob, where only true females should be. And this, and nothing more, strikes us as the true explanation of the supposed hybrid the East Indian gentleman supposes he has found between Sorghum and Maize. Dryas octopetela.. — H. Correvon, of Geneva, gives the Gardener s Chronicle the following in regard to this pretty alpine plant: '•This is one of the most graceful of the plants of the Alps. It i? called ' Swiss Tea,' because the population of the alpine cantons make a drink from it which with them takes the place of tea. It occurs everywhere in the region of the Alps, but it seems to prefer more particularly calcareous soils. It is hardly to be found above 7200 feet in elevation, and its inferior limit appears to be about 4900 feet. " Some horticultural books, on account of its generic name, say that this species grows in the woods, but this is a complete error. It is never found in the shade, but always exposed to the rays of the sun, and on a stony soil, frequently lime- stone. Often it is found on rocks most exposed to the sun, and where the rays penetrate into the fis- sures. It continues in bloom a long time in the Alps, and its clusters, which extend so as to form a carpet on which one may lie down, have flowers nearly all the summer. The shining green of its foliage, white and tomentose underneath, the graceful form of the crenate and dentate leaves, produce a pleasing impression on the traveller who visits the Alps ; but when the immense tufts of dwarf procumbent verdure are covered with flowers, each like a small wild rose without its thorns, the effect is very striking. One cannot help plucking some of them, and what traveller is there who has not wished to lay himself down to rest on these inviting tufts." [The generic name, Dryas, was given most likely from the leaves resembling an oak leaf, and not because like its namesake the Dryads, it likes to live in oak woods. Pursh found it on the White Mountains in New Hampshire, but it has not been seen since his time. It was probably left there by some receding glacier. In Alaska the Editor was examining in Glacier Bay, one of the huge glaciers of that region, and on a hugh pile of glacial drift left by a portion of the edge of the glacier that had recently melted away, the only plant for scores of acres around, was a ma'ss of Dryas, forming a carpet, such as described here, of about three feet over. It had evidently been brought down from nobody knows how many miles in the interior, by a ride on the surface of the glacier on which a mass of earth with the plant had fallen, perhaps a hundred years ago, for a glacier moves very slowly. The incident, however, seemed to suggest that the Dryas was a thoroughly arctic plant, and its presence should imply arctic sur- roundings in the past.— Ed. G. M.] SCRAPS AND QUERIES. Grafting Hyacinth Bulbs. — A correspond- ent from Lancaster, Pa., writes : " A Philadelphia correspondent of your excellent Gardeners' Monthly desires to know whether he could take two crocus bulbs, yellow and purple, cut them in halves, and place the cross sections of half of the yellow and half of the purple together, whether he would succeed in getting the yellow and purple flower seemingly from one bulb. " Darwin says in his book on Animals and Plants, under Domestication, Vol. ist, page 474; that, 'the author of Des Jacinthes impressed me with the belief not only of his extensive knowledge, but of his truthfulness. He says that bulbs of blue and red hyacinths may be cut in two, and they will grow together and throw up a united stem (and this I have myself seen), with flowers of the two colors on opposite sides. But the remark- able point is, that flowers are sometimes produced with the two colors blended together.' " He does not say whether or not the bulbs were cut so as to divide the flower stem, but from the fact that the two colors blended together, I would infer that they were. " I would not like to assert positively that your correspondent could get the result he desires ; but would advise him to try several experiments, leaving the flower stem uncut in some, and cut it in others. He might in this way find a method that would be successful." [It may be interesting to add, that the corre- spondent who first made the inquiry, has been moved, he tells us, to try the experiment. It is re- markable that with roots so easily obtained and divided, no one seems to have undertaken the testing of the matter. — Ed. G. M.] Double Flowered Calla.— Mr. J. H. Slo- combe. New Haven, sends a pretty specimen of a double calla. The plant, after starting to turn the green leaf into a white spathe, as in the ordinary case, changed its mind, lengthened its flower stalk a little, and then tried to make another. Like all irresolutions, both efforts are spoiled. 28 THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, Literature. Travels and Personal Notes. EDITORIAL NOTES. Twenty-seventh Volume of the Garden- ers' Monthly. — It is a great pleasure to feel, in closing our 27th and entering on our 28th volume, that in all these many years we are receiving the continued support of intelligent Horticulturists everywhere. Our main object is to keep Horti- culture in the advance. We do not propose to ourselves to take a banker or storekeeper, who has hardly knowledge of a blade of grass, and tell him how he can make a fortune in a few months. This task we leave to our able brethren of the Agricultural press. Our mission is to enable hu- manity to gather the greatest amount of pleasure possible from rural pursuits. We have thus a very broad field to work in. We embrace the one who has to toil and sweat in order to get a miser- able piece of bread and butter, and whose labors by increased intelligence we would lighten ; as well as the millionaire who wishes to make his garden all that is to be understood by the bright- est and best. We are glad for our own enjoyment to know that the editorial work of twenty-seven years is appreciated ; but we are the more glad on the publisher's account that so many in sending their own, or an additional subscription from a friend, tell him how much they appreciate the work. The following from a subscriber, "H. F.," Austin, Texas, is a sample of many : "Every number has come to hand punctually and its appearance is always hailed with pleasure. In theory as well as in practice it is every thing we could desire and is always read by me with great interest." Another— "C. F. B.," of Galveston, Texas- says: "I have only subscribed since August last. It would have been worth several thousand dol- lars had I subscribed five years ago." The Seed Business in Philadelphia.— The seed trade is said to be depressed, but there must be good life in it yet, judging by the magnificent building recently erected at 171 1 Filbert Street, Philadelphia, for Wm. Henry Maule. It is 117 feet in depth, and five stories high, and will be wholly devoted to Mr. Mauie's business. Mr. M. is one of the younger seed firms of the country, but has managed to get in his comparatively short career, the entire confidence of the community^ and all will rejoice at the evidence of his success. Ignorance of Things Around Us. — Mrs. Sarah K. Bolton says, in a very nice article on the Isle of Wight, in the Ittdependent : "We pass Steephill Castle, of which Joseph Paxton, who built the Crystal Palace, said: 'I have visited nearly every place of note from Stockholm to Constantinople, but never have I seen anything more beautiful than this.' Further on is Sandrock Hotel, described by Black in ' Madcap Violet,' overgrown with ivy, the grounds a mass of shrubbery. I asked an old man com- ing up the hill with a wheelbarrow, the name of the vines. ' I don't know, mum,' he replied to each question. He had lived here from boyhood, and had never asked the names of the simple things growing about him. How we shut our eyes and ears to knowledge, and drift on like pieces of wood or stubble! " Though Mrs. Bolton charitably introduces all of us into the ignorant circle under the " We," one may incline to think she has the man with the wheelbarrow chiefly in mind. Unfortunately she may emphasize the " we " if she wishes. We need not go outside of Boston, New York, or Philadel- phia, to find people in silk and broad-cloth, and I who would feel insulted to be supposed to know even what a wheelbarrow means, who would have to answer, "I don't know mum," when asked the names of the vines on houses they perhaps own. Cleveland, where Mrs. Bolton lives, may do better, because they have little else but Virginia creepers and Honeysuckles to learn the names of — these being about all the "vines" in common use there. Seedling Chrysanthemums from Mr. Raw- son. — A very pretty bronzy yellow of the semi- double class, exhibited at the New York show, has been sent us by Mr. Rawson, of Elmira, N. Y. Mr. Rawson is a great lover of Chrysan- themums, and delights in efforts at their improve- ment. History of the Noisette Rose— Although we have in the past given the history of the Noisette rose, it is told in an interesting way in the following from the Gardetttrs ChronicU which will bear repetition here : " The Noisette rose has a curious history, and, although so thoroughly French in its name, owes its origin to America, for there lived about the time when the great European wars of Napoleon i886.] AND HORTICULTURIST. 29 had come to a close a French nurseryman of the name of Philippe Noisette, at Charlestown, in South Carolina, who had hybridized the old Musk rose with a rose called Champneys' Pink Cluster, which he sent to his brother, Louis Noisette, a nurseryman at Paris. Pink Cluster was the pro- duct of the white Musk fertilized with the blush China ; and John Champneys, its raiser, ought to have some credit in the matter although he was put on one side ; and while Noisette is known, Champneys', except in America, is unknown. When Louis Noisette introduced the rose it created quite a furore in Paris. Its habit was so remark- able, and its perfume so pleasant, that everybody was desirous of possessing it." Punishment to Boys for Stealing Flowers. — The London Gardeners' Magazine says : 1 "The stealing of a geranium, by a boy fourteen | years of age, resulted in a sentence of ten days' imprisonment, pronounced by Mr. Barstow at the j Clerkenwell Police Court. Not many, we think, I •even amongst lovers of gardens, will approve of - the sentence ; but we can only judge the case by the report." ! In Philadelphia, such a boy would be sent to a reform school for a short time — a much better plan to protect geraniums, we think, than the old world style of the jail. Love of Gardening in England. — A paper before us, notes that at an exhibition in a com- paratively small village in the Isle of Wight, 1 Shanklin, there were no less than 753 entries. '■ That Mr. Charles Meehan was the judge, and that notwithstanding in many cases the competition was very close, the decisions gave general satis- faction. What a commentary is this on the uni- versal love of gardening through all classes of the English people ! Nearly every house in the village must have sent something to the show. Benedict Roezl. — Few European botanical collectors have been better known in America than Mr. Roezl, who recently died in Austria in | his 62d year. A large number of plants bear the name of Roezelii in his honor. The writer of this first met with him many years ago, in a very interesting manner. He was alone in a piece of woods along one of the rivers in Missouri, and examining minutely some specimens of what was to him then a rarity, the true Chestnut oak, Quercus castanea, of which he had found before only a few scattered specimens in Pennsylvania, when he observed a maji kneeling by a spring, and seemingly washing out a pocket handkerchief. Advancing, the writer found the mart engaged in washing out the pulp from the fibre of a species of nettle which grew there. The fibre was very white, slender and strong, and the stranger was very enthusiastic on the prospective value of the nettle fibre. It proved to be Mr. Roezl, and the meeting of two friends, who had long heard of but never seen each other, in that lonely piece of woods, many hundreds of miles from each others' home, the reader may well imagine was a very pleasant one. Moses Cole. — The history of American garden- ing will some day be one of the interesting branches of general study, and it is well to place on record notes of the departure of those who have been in- strumental in advancing it in the different sections of our country, as well as some account of their successful work. As we go to press, we learn of the decease of Mr. Moses Cole, long known in connection with Georgia nurserymen. The nur- sery interest of Georgia has grown to be one of great importance, and possibly no one has had so great a share in bringing about this great work as Mr. Cole. By reason of advancing years, he resigned his very successful nurseries at Atlanta to younger hands about a year ago, after over 20 years of labor in connection with the trade. His death occurred at Atlanta, on the 8th of December, as we learn by a brief note. Louis C. Lyte. — Mr. Lyte was one of the old- est of Pennsylvania nurserymen, having been for many years the proprietor of the Smoketown nurseries, near the town of Bird-in-Hand, in Lancaster county. These were founded in 1840, and always bore a high character. Thousands of fruit trees in Eastern, Southern and Central Pennsylvania, were originally propagated on these grounds, and the enormous patronage brought, what few modern nurseries bring, a con- siderable degree of wealth to the proprietor. He was a man of sterling integrity, and like all good men, took an interest in public affairs. He was for a long time in service on the School Board, and also for many years elected Justice of the Peace. He died on the i6th of November, in his 72d year. Transactions of the American Association OF Nurserymen, Seedsmen, and Florists.— The proceedings at the Chicago meeting have re- cently been issued in very neat form, and may be had of D. Wilmot Scott, Galena, 111., Secretary. It is awork of value to every orje in the trade. Report of the Forestry Commission of the State of New York, Albany, 1885. — In 1884, the New York Legislature appropriated 55.000 to be used by the State Controller in the employment 3° THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, of experts to report a system of Forestry. He se- \ lected Prof. Sargeant, D. Willis James, W. A. | Poncher, and Edward M. Shepard, Esq. The I members have taken no salary, using the money \ only for their personal expenses and maps. I The Commissioners do not seem to have done anything for a system of forestry lor the State, but made a report, looking chiefly to the preservation of the Adirondack forests. They recommend the appointment of a Commission, the first one to be chosen in " 1866," the members to serve without salary, but personal expenses to be paid ; one Forest Warden at a salary of not less than 53,000, nor more than 14,500; two inspectors, salary be- tween $1,500 and $2,500; one clerk, salary from j5i,250 to $2,000. Forestry rooms, &c., are to be provided at Albany. To give the Commission work to do, two Bills are proposed ; one, " An Act for the preservation and care of the Adirondack Forest," the other " An Act for the speedy collection of taxes on the forest lands in certain towns," in the Adirondack region. We have read this report very carefully, and feel that the State will be well repaid in the facts fur- nished. In regard to the recommendations, we see nothing to change our views, that forestry efforts in America should rather be in the line of planting new forests, than in the preservation of old ones. The report shows that in old forests, it is absolutely impossible to prevent forest fires. By a staff of officers and guards, such as the new laws pre- scribe, some few fires will no doubt be prevented, or ought to be; but the danger is but slightly cor- rected, and in spite of all, the forests will have to go^ As to the appointment of a Commission, in order to obviate the evils of the elective principle that underlies American institutions, all experience shows that it is " out of the frying-pan into the fire." They become in time, a greater mass of deadwood than the most famous old forest can present; and withal dangerous and expensive toys The Forestry question is a very difficult one to bring under practical legislation; but after reading this very intelligent report, we are more than ever convinced that the only effective legislation will be in the line of encouraging efforts by individuals or companies in planting new forests, rather than in sentimental and enormously expensive efforts to preserve the old and half-rotten ones. Transactions of the Massachusetts Hor- ticultural Society, 1885. Part I.— We must again congratulate this honorable Society on the excellence of its Transactions. As a general rule,, the magazine and the newspaper have superseded society publication ; and what is worth knowing is usually found therein. Much that appears in many volumes of Proceedings, is wholly stale by the time it appears, and of little use for reference in after times. It is different here, and what generally ap- pears in its pages will be valuable for all time, and very welcome to the library shelves of every hor- ticulturist. In this we notice that the Society has been so fortunate as to get a paper out of Jackson Dawson, of the Arnold Arboretum, on tree seed sowing. Mr. Dawson is one of those enthusiastic lovers of his profession who has no time for any- thing but work lor the love of it — no time for writing, and how the Society got this valuable paper out of him will ever be one of the mysteries of the age we live in. The experience of one who is, perhaps, the most successful arboriculturist in America, will have a lasting value. The other essays in this part are of a very high order of excellence. Pruning and Training of the Vine. — An ad- dress before the American Horticultural Society at New Orleans, by E. Williams, of Montclair, N. J. Our readers must not confound this with the American Pomological Society, though the titles are similar. This essay is one of the many useful papers that will appear in the forthcoming volume. Mr. W. H. Ragan, of Greencastle, Indiana, is the Secre- tary. This essay of Mr. Williams is profusely illustrated and is made up from the actual experience of the writer. It is in marked contrast with the contents of many regular books on the vine, in which the "systems" taught, never get, in this country, be- yond the book illustrations, nor, for that matter, in the old world, either. We are quite sure that of the pictures of vine training and pruning, as usually seen in standard books on grape culture, scarcely once in a lifetime, if ever, has the oldest of us ever seen the like thereof in the whole world. At any rate, Anverican grape culture, as we have it in our day has had very little aid from European experi- ences, and is an outgrowth of American culture and successes. Mr. Williams' essay is just in this line, and on this account will be very welcome to American vine culturists. Homes for Home Builders.— By David W. King. New York: Orange J udd Company, 1886. This is a small octavo, 251 pages, furnishing de- signs and working plans for country people out of the reach of professional architects. Specifications [886.J AND HORTICULTURIST. and estimates of cost are given, with full notes on cements, mortars, and building materialsgenerally. The man who proposes to build, will find this an excellent guide ; and the one who only hopes to have a nice home some day, may profitably have it in his library, to be on hand when consultation will be a blessing to him. The Struggle for Life. — This interesting topic has been treated in a masterly manner by Dr. M. T. Masters. It forms the 6th chapter of its recent work on plant life, by Dr. Maxwell T. Masters. So highly is it appreciated in Europe, that it has been translated into French, and the result. La lutte pour T existence, by Dr. H. Fons- ney, is now before us. Much of it is an epitome of the many years of experiment by Gilbert and Laws, which were tabulated by Dr. Masters. Supplementary Notes on Restiace^. — In the woods and marshes of South Africa and New Holland, there are great numbers of grass-like j plants, of which we believe America has no repre- sentative, which are intermediate between our ! rushes and sedge grasses, and are known to J botanists as the order Restiaceae. De-Candolle in 1878, issued a complete monograph. This work of Dr. Masters will be essential to those who have this work, as it brings the knowledge of these plants down to the present time. Horticultural Societies. EDITORIAL NOTES. State Horticultural Meetings.— After we went to press in November, to get out our Decem- ber number, we had numerous applications to notice the December meetings. Here is now the loth of December, the last day our publisher allows us to send in "copy," and the only notice for January meetings is one from Mr. Engle, of the Pennsylvania Society. We are always glad to help these useful bodies, if they will give us the chance. Exhibitors and Premiums. — Almost all our exhibitions suffer at times from the withdrawal of exhibitors whose presence is always welcome, who smart under a sense of injustice at the hands of the judges. On the other hand, it is often very hard to get good judges to serve, from the fact that they smart under the insinuations of disappointed exhibitors, that improper motives or ignorance affect their decisions. Societies should them- selves agree on some general points of excellence on which the judges could rely for support. What is or is not the "best half-a-dozen " of any thing, has a very indefinite meaning. In a hundred men, what is " best " in the eyes of fifty, will not be best in the estimation of the other fifty. As it is now, one never knows what is the ground on which committees make awards. A large number of exhibitors, when disappointed, will make allowances for this, and feel that if they lose a premium to-day they think they deserve, to- morrow they may get one given them that the other fellow ought to have had. Then they are satisfied to accept the decision that by competition they invited. But there are others who, if they feel their articles did not get the premium they believe they ought to have had, can make no excuse for a reasonable ground for a difference of opinion, and from that time forth " their good works are seen no more in all the land." Even these weak brethren are worth caring for, and might be saved if rules for judging were formulated wherever practicable for the guidance of the judges. In roses, dahlias, and some other things, the "points" of a good thing have been defined and agreed on, and this rule might be extended to other things. Exhibitors of Chrysanthemums.— A corres- pondent calls our attention to the exhibit of Chrys- anthemums made by Mr. P. Conlin, gardener to P. Roberts, Jr., Esq., who took the first prize for the best 25, and second for the best 12, in the ama- teur's list at Philadelphia. He thinks in our notice the most of these were overlooked. There were a large number of other excellent exhibitors whose names could not appear in our notice for want of room. As our Magazine goes over the whole world, and has as many persons subscribing in New York, Boston, Baltimore, Chicago, Cincin- nati, New Orleans, and other places perhaps, as in Philadelphia, we cannot put in a long hst of successful exhibitors in any one city, without put- ting in those from all. It is plain that this cannot be done. We never attempt it. All we try to do for our readers is to note a few points of excel- lence or novelty here and there that will be of as 32 THE GARDENERS' MONTHLY [January, much interest to a reader in California as in Nan- founded by some of the best men of that day : tucket. I I^""- Chapman, Geo. Pepper, John Vaughn, Jos. It would be very pleasant if we had space to do i Hopkinson, Nicholas Biddle, Chas Chauncey, more, but we trust all our readers will appreciate the difficulties that surround this question. The local newspapers are the mediums through which full lists of successful exhibitors should appear. Pennsylvania Horticultural Society's Chrysanthemum Show. — Mr. J. E. Mitchell, Horace Binney, M. Carey, D. Landreth, D. Mau- pay, Jno. McAran, and other public spirited citizens. It has had for Presidents, Horace Bin- ney, Jos. R. Ingersoll, Geo.Vaux, Caleb Cope, Robt. Patterson, M. W. Baldwin, and other distinguish- ed citizens. W. L. Schaffer, recently deceased, occupied the chair for 17 years. In 1844 this President of the Pennsylvania Horticultural So- g^^j^^^ ^^^ ^ membership of 800 of our best ciety, has issued a card of thanks to the press, the public, the exhibitors, and to the distinguished florists who visited it from abroad, for their ap- preciation of "one of the most successful displays the society has held for several years past." Designs ok Cut Flowers. — It is said that at a recent great Horticultural exhibition, the judges were puzzled whether a cut flower composition was intended to compete in the bridal or funeral ■department. The State Horticultural Association of Pennsylvania. — The annual meeting of this So- ciety is always looked forward to by many, as one of great interest and pleasure. The endeavor has been, of late years, to embrace in its scope all lovers of gardening in any of its branches, as well as those who merely grow fruit for profit. It is a Horticultural Society, as well as a Society of market-men. There has been, therefoie, an in- crease of interest in the meetings, and those who citizens, and after an uninterrupted and useful life of over 40 years, its membership is now about the same number, although our population has increased about four-fold during that period; had the taste for the beautiful in nature increased in the same ratio among our people, this Society should now have about 3,000 members ; this would enable its officers to increase its attractions, add to its library, publish its transactions, and in- crease the moderate money premiums now offered, and thereby stimulate our florists and others to increased exertions in improving the products of the garden and orchard. As this Society now de- pends on receipts from membership to carry it on, no more valuable Christmas present could be made, than $3.00 which constitutes a membership for a year." At the spring exhibition of this Society, Tues- day, March i6th, to Friday, 19th, 1886, the General Union of Holland for the Promotion of the Cultivation of Bulbs, under the patronage of feel pleasure in their specialties, must of themselves I the King of the Netherlands, offers the following see that they receive attention. The meeting is to prizes to be competed for by nurserymen, seeds- be held this year at Reading, on the 20th and 21st men and florists only: Hyacinths, 50 named of January ; and the Reading people who are fond of gardening will, no doubt, see that those who come to help instruct them, are encouraged by a good attendance of those from whom they may expect to get some information in return. Railroad tickets at reduced rates, may be had of E. B. Engle, Secretary, Waynesboro, Pa. The Pennsylvania Horticultural Society. — We received the following note from Mr. J. E. Mitchell, President of this venerable body, on the bulbs, in 50 pots, forced in pots, first prize, Gold Medal ; second prize, Silver Gilt Medal ; third prize, Silver Medal. In addition, the Pennsylvania Society has de- cided to offer premiums to be competed for by ladies only: 12 Hyacinths, grown in glasses, first premium. Gold Medal; second premium, Silver Gilt Medal ; third premium, Silver Medal. 6 Hyacinths, grown in glasses, first premium, Silver Medal ; second premium, Bronze Medal. Very much interest is being taken in these 2ist of December, wholly too late to be of any ' premiums, and from all we hear it is likely to be service to him in securing a "Christmas present" an unusually interesting occasion, from any of our readers, or even a present for the I in addition to these special attractions, there New Year. All communications should be sent will be premiums open to all contributors. A previous to the 5th of each month, if notice in the | very full list of premiums, for all sorts of pretty succeeding issue be desired. ' things, has been issued and may be had of A. W. "The Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, found- Harrison, Secretary, Horticultural Hall, Broad ed in 1827, is the oldest in this country. It was Street, Philadelphia. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. Special Articles cf Stock for Florists Coleus, Verschafeldti, Golden Bedder, Firebrand, &c., &c., $4 per 100. GERANIUMS, Double or Single, in 12 or 25 best named sorts; fine plants in 3-inch pots, per 100 $ 6.00 ROSE, "HER MAJESTY," strong 4-inch pots, $2.50 each; per doz 24.00 ROSE, WM. FRANCIS BENNETT, in 2>^-inch pots, per 100 30.00 3 " " " 50.00 " AMERICAN BEAUTY, 1% " " " 50.00 VERBENAS in 12 best market sorts, $4 per 100 ; per 1000 30.00 " New Mammoth Strain, 14 varieties, per set 3.00 Our Verbenas this Season are in the Finest Possible Condition of he alth and Vigor, having been grown by a New Process, or rather an old process of ours revived, which completely protects them against rust or other diseases. Our new Descriptive Catalogue will be ready January 1st, and will be mailed to all customers of last year. When issued, to OTHERS, on APPLICATION. PETER HENDERSON & CO., 35 and 37 Cortland Street, New York. August Rolker:^Sons IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN Seeds, Bulbs p^ Florists' Supplies. Price Lists mailed free to the trade on application, when business card is enclosed. WAREHOUSES at No. 44 Dey Street, NEW YORK. For Letters, Address P. O. BOX 899. .ss^., FIR TREE OIL l<\ IIUC F^^^ri^^ I ^\ CT for destroying all insects and parasites that infect vV> II^^^IL^^ I l^^l^#lw animals and plants, whether on the foliage or at .v^>^'"~-m>? ^1 I ^^^^R V^\"^ '^''^^ roots; such as uiculy bugs, American blie;ht," red spider, scale, thrip, green and ^("^1 /w^i^l I'/'IFi hlack fly, wooly aphis, caterpillars, grubs, ants, worms, lice, fleas, (SO. Scbe Cure, if n\ \ M^'^ ^L9 I' 12 used asper directions. ^\ y W^Jk, T%^ / /C3 FIR TREE OIL does not contain any poisonous properties, and is harmless to *' \ A >.^®*.'('7V / ,//>j the hands and skin. V'Jv^jj ^*>^X * FIRTKEE OIL is endorsed by prominent Florists of experience. ^^^AT^^y^ '''■''^®' *•*" P'"* '•'>**'«8 ** 60 cf8. Smaller bottles, 25 cts. each. ^**~— """''^ Larger ijuaiitities at reiluceil ttgurcs. Address, AUGUST ROLKER &. SONS, The Sole Agents for America. p. O. Box 899, or 44 DEY STREET, NEW YORK. Or can be ordered through any respectable Seed House in the U. S. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. SPECIALTIES FOR FLORISTS NEW CARNATIONS. J. J. Harrison tlie ''Pink of Per- fection." This is undoubtedly the most beautiful Carnation yet introduced and must become very popular for cut flower purposes. Flowers are pure satiny-white marked and shaded with i-osy pink. Good size, perfect form, never bursts, and freely produced on long stems. It is the strongest and sweetest scented Carnation we know. The plants are of splendid habit, very vigorous and perfectly healthy. 25 cts. each; $2.00 per doz.; $12 per 100; $100 per 1000. Clara Morris. Model formed flowers of good size. Ground color, very pure white with the edges of the petals very distinctly marked with crimson. 35 cts. each ; $3.00 per doz. ; $20 per 100. Ferdinand Mangold. This is by far the grandest dark Carnation ever seen and at the same time the most abundant bloomer. Flowers of very large size and perfectly formed, color very brilliant dark red shaded with richest maroon, fringed petals, nearly every flower being on a long stem, rendering it very valuable as a cut flower variety. 25 cts. each ; $2,00 per doz.; $12 per 100. Bnttercnp. The magnificent new yellow Carnation, 20 cts. each ; $1.50 per doz.; $10 per 100. Jno. McCnllougli. This splendid new Carnation has all the good qualities of Portia but the flowers are double in size. It is the most brilliant and finest scarlet yet introduced. 35 cts. each ; $3 per doz. ; $30 per 100. Grace Fardon. This variety has been greatly admired wherever it has been seen, for its distinct and very desirable color, being a beautiful, pure rich pink. Flowers medium or lartre size and very freely produced. Plant of grand habit and vigorous growth ; a superb variety. 25 cts, each ; $2.00 per doz.; $13 per 100. B. A. Elliott. This is the largest flowered Carnation in culti- vation, the flowers often measuring 4 inches across. Color vermilion scarlet. Price, 30 cts. each ; $3 per doz. Mrs. Carnegie. Color pure satiny-white, with beautiful rosy-pink stripes. Flower extra large, never less than three inches across, constant free bloomer and vigorous grower. This is the most popular Carnation we have ever grown and although this is the third season for it, we are still retailing the flowers at 10 cts. each ; $1.00 per doz. ; $5 per 100 ; $55 per 1000. We also offer the following new Carnations at lowest prices : Scarlet Gem* Chas. J. Clarke, Sunrise, Quaker City, Petunia, Pride of Penhurst and others. Hinzies' White and Garfield, $3.50 per 100 ; $30 per 1000. $3.00 per 100; $25 per 1000 for all old varieties including Peter Henderson, Hinsdale, Snowdon, Philadelphia, King of Crimsons, Springfield, La Purite, etc., etc. All above Carnations delivered February 1st, in strong well rooted plants. Send for Carnation Circular. Her Maiesty. troduced for years, either for cut ilowor growing Pirp.ilars and nrioe list of this wonderfnl new i ^^ Out-door culture. A splendid stock of young Tr v^^o . } il A '^^^^^W"' °®^ plants ready January 1st. Write for prices. Hybrid Perpetual Hose now ready and will be sent j i"**""" '^""J "» ""'J ^^•" * v.<= v f on application. Plants ready for delivery Decem- "William Francis Bennett. bor 15th. . After the 1st of January, we will have this American Beanty. ! famous Rose to oflfer by the 100 or 1000. AVrite This is undoubtedly the most valuable Rose in- ' for prices. ASPARAGUS TENUISSIMUS ^® ^*^® * ^*''^® ^^'^^^ ^^ splendid new climber. For all decorative purposes it is bound to supplant Smilax. We have in stock at all times a large supply of the popular CUT FLOWER ROSES. Prices on application. B. A. ELLIOTT CO , Pittsburg, Pa. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. Greenhouse Heating AND Ventilating Appaii-atiiis. HITCHINGS & CO., [Established, 1844.] No. 233 Mercer Street, NEAR BLEECKER STREET, NEW YORK. Bate-Burning Water Heater Three sizes. Patented, 1873. FOUR PATTERNS OF BOILERS -EIGHTEEN SIZES - ALSO, HEATING PIPES, EXPANSION TANKS, STOP-VALVES AND PIPE FITTINGS. IN GREAT VARIETY AND AT Corrujated Fire-box Boiler. ^_. _.__. _ Five sizes. Patented, 1867. New Patterns, 1873. I l(_) \A/ I — ' t^i ■ CIx^'^J- It ^Sgi IMPROVED P Sash-raising apparatus. Lifting-Rods for Sasb, EICm Etc. inproved Saddle Boiler. Send 4 cents postage for Illustrated Oata- Five sizes. New Pattern.^ ,877. i^g^e, wltL References and Prices. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. MARSCHUETZ & BACHARACH, 25 NORTH FOURTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA., IMPORTERS OF AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN c. FLORISTS' SUPPLIES ^^ Bouquet Papers (Italiens), Pasted Cartons, ^ Immortelles, Dried Grasses and Flowers, Ornamental Crass Bouquets, Mosses, Wire Designs, Tin Foil, Swiss Moss and Fancy Baskets. -« MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF BASKETS FOR FLORISTS** — Illustrated Catalogue free on application. Orders will receive careful attention and prompt shipment. apl2 !& L^' 1886 ^TALOOti FAiR^SQUARE DEALING. Ef'lievhig that if a man lias dealt squart'ly with liis follow- nien ijis patrons are his best advertisers,! invite all to make inquiry of the character of my seeds among over a million of Farmers, Gardeners and Planters who have used them during the past thirty years. Raising: a large portion of the seed sold, (few seedsmen raise the seed they sell) I was the first seedsman in the United to warrant (as per catalogue) their purity and freshness, w Vegetable and Flower Seed Catalogue for 1886 will be lit FREE to all who write for it. Among an immense variety, fritnds will find in it (and in none other) a new drumhead Cab- , just about as early as Henderson's, but nearly twice »• | larife J James J. H. Gregory, narbleliead, Olas*. ja6 WEBSTER In various Styles oi binding, witii and without Patent Index. ^ONABRIDC^M ,M i yDICTIONAftig' ITSELF JUST ADDED GAZETTEER OF THE "WORLD, Containine ovor 25,000 Titles, riosoribing the Countries, Cities, Towns, and Katurai Feat- ures of evory part df the Globe. g*A TTTi Webster— it h.is 118,000 Words, ^XX^jL. .'iOOO KiiKravlnRs, und a New Kio);raphical Dictionary. FBlTTTn Slundard in Gov't I'lintiuK Otfioo. J.XJLxj ."{'.i.OOO copies in Public Scliool^. S il.' -JO til 1 (if any other scrio.s. BEST Holiday Gift It is an inviiluablo companion in every School, and at evory Fireside. G. & C. MERRIAM & CO., Fiil/rs, Springfield, Mass. W. S. ALLEN, WHOLESALE DEALER IN CUT FLOWERS 940 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. Offers to the trade the BEST QUALITY of NEW and STANDARD varieties of ROSES and aU other CUT FLOWERS. Packed in the most careful manner and at the LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES for the CHOICEST QUAXr ITY. Write for Price Li.st. Consignments solicited. 86 BoibtClieaiilSoliClieiip! A $1.50 BOOK FOR A DOLLAR. IflR I flT Raud's Seventy-five Flowers. Only a few JUD L.U I copies for the price and no more at that rate. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 8l4,Chestnut St., Phila. FRUIT AND ORNAMENTAL TREES SMALL FRUITS, BULBS, SHRUBS & ROSES Sl'KCIAI. ATTENTION IfS ( Al.I.KO TO Ol'll KK.MAKKAKIA' FINK STOCK OF STANDARD AND DWARF PEARS GRAPEVINES mt- ALSO «»riceflredac»d tomiit tho times. Oommpondonco Holicit.^d. OataU^ue Fr 'i\ : this Review is its "indkpendent section," containing articles advocating views at variance with those of its editors. Is the leading and most popular magazine of Great Britain. The tone of its articles, be they fiction, incidents of travel, critical or political essays, is unexceptionable, render- ing it most desirable for the Home Circle. Pi* All ot above are printed line for line— page for page— witti English Editions, but in handier form. While aiming to furnish a recognized medium for the Inter- change of vitws among Shakcsiicarian scholars, and to af- ford the siuilent the fullest information relative to Shakes- '• pcare's art, life and writings, Sh.*khspe.\riana is specially d<■si^;IlC(l to txtfiid the influence of Shakespeare as a poi'ular educator, and to stim- ulate the study of his works in our colleges and institutions of learning. t^TFull Index Circulars furnished upon application. 1H LEONARD SCOTT PUBLICATION CO., 1104 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. THOS. J. MYERS, Jr.'s NEW IMPROVED PATENT RETURN FLUE BOILER, For Heating Greenhouses, Hothouses, Public and Private Buildings, Drying Rooms, Railroad Tanks, &c. They are Guaranteed to he the 3£ost JPowerfulf Durable and Eco- nomical Boiler ever inade in this Country, We are also maniifaetnring all the various sizes of MY£RS* PATENT and SWAIN'S IMPROVED BOILERS, PIPE, DOUBLE and SINGLE VALVES, EXPANSION TANKS, ELBOWS, &c PIPE CHAIRS and all Varieties of Fittings for HEATING BY HOT WATER. Send for Illustrated Circular and Price List, 1173 South Ninth Street, THOS. J. MYERS, Manager. .,„ PHILADELPHIA, PA. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. Inpmed loi Water toilers FOR HEATINCS GwUflBSBs, Gramirifis, Cowvatorlfis, mmM Mm, &c. <,i V ^nr> SECTIONAL VIEW. SEND FOR CATALOGUE. THOMAS W. WEATHERED, No. 46 Marion Street, New York, TWO BLOCKS EAST OF BROADWAY, BET. SPRING AND PRINCE STREETS. dU THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. BXTSIZa-SSS DIRECXOI^Y. • Send for Circular and conditions of insertion under this heading." H. S. ANDERSON. Fruit Trees, Small | GENERAL BULB CO., Fruits. Roses, &c., Union Springs, N.Y. | land). N.Y. Agency, Vogelenzang (Hoi- I THOMAS MEEHAN, 19 Broadway, myii | Nurserj'man & Tree Seeds, Germant'n, Phil. Wm. J. Stewart, —WHOLESALE DEALER IN— CUT FLOWERS ^ FLORISTS' SUPPLIES, m 67 Bromfield St., Boston ALSO, 1518 Chestnut St., Phila. OSAGE HEDGE PLANTS7 1 year No. 1 and No. 2. GR/^PE VINES, 1 year No. 1 and No. 2. Ives Seedling, Elvira, Missouri Risiing- Send stamps for samples and prices. ja3 CRAVETT & SON, Lancaster. O. Indian Azaleas, TRADE SIZES AND SPECIMENS. Mollis and Gbent Azaleas, Rhododenrons, Camellias, Orchids, Palms and General European Stock. Apply to mhtf Continental Nurseries, Ghent, Belgium. PHILADELPHIA. ENGRAVER FOR FLORHT8, SEEDSMEN AND NURSERYMEN 10,000 Electros for above. For sale cheap. Send 2Bc. for large illustrated book and deduct from 1st order. No one can compete with me in prices for New work. ftf s ibley's Tested Seed Calaloirue free on application. Send for it. HIRAM SIBLEY & CO.. ROCHESTEE, N. Y. AMD CHirAr.O, Il.I,. s TOBACCO STEMS, Inhales weighing .500 lbs. each, at S6.00 per bale, or three bales for S12.00. TOBACCO DUST, $3 per case. Free on board of boats or cars ni2 Straiton & Storm, 204-208 Bast 27th St., New York City APPLE SEEDLINGS 2 years. Extra Choice, $3 per 1000. Smiths, Powell & Lamb, SYRACUSE, N. Y. TO THE TRADE Carnation Florets and Smilax. THOMAS F. SEAL, ntf Unionvijie. Chester Co., Pa. LOUIS BOEHMER, EXPORTER OF imM Plants, Bis, Seeis, &c. NOS. 4, 5 <9c 28 BZ-XTPF, Prices on application. [fl2] YOKOHAMA, JAPAN. BOSTON TEA ROSES Carefully packed and shipped to all points in Western and Middle States, at lowest Boston market prices. Price list of Flowers and Florists' supplies sent on application. WELCH BROS., WHOLESALE FLORISTS. a2 165 Tremont Street, Boston, Mau. THOMAS YOUNG, Jr., WHOLESALE No. II West 27th Street, NEIAT YORK. 4»-CH0ICE ROSES A SPECIALTY.-«» Hand-book of Useful Tables For the Lumberman, Farmer and Mechanic, containing ac- curate tables of logs reduced to inch board measure, plank, scantling and timber measure ; wages and rent by week or month ; capacity of granaries, bins and cisterns ; land measures ; interest tables, with direction for finding the Interest on any sum at 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 per cent, and many other useful tables. Revised and enlarged edition, 182 pp., 25 cents. Mailed, postage free on receipt of price. Address CHA8. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. Stock Plants OF ALL THE BEST OLD AND NEWER VARIE- TIES OF BEDDING PLANTS. Also young plants of same, either from 2-in. pots or the cutting bench. CHOICE CUT FLOWERS FOR THE COMING SEASON. Write for lowest prices. N. STUDER, Florist, tsi2 Anacostia P. 0., Washington, D. C GEORGE FREESE BOGOTA EXPORTER OF Orcliis, Bis, Seels, k., FROM THE U. S. OF COLUMBIA, SOUTH AMERICA. tdl2 FIRST-CLASS REFERENCES GIVEN. Correspondence in English, German, French, or Spanish. C. RAOUX'S NURSERYMEN'S AGENCY Established in 1857, NO. 29e PSAFII. STREET, New York City. P. O. Box 2956. M. w. .^x,^ ^.^t#x#. REPRESENTS IN THE UNITED STATES : C. G. VAN TUBERGEN, Jr., Seedsman and Florist, Haarlem, Holland. JOHN STEWART & SONS, NurserjTnen, Seedsmen and Florists, .... Dundee, Scotland. LEV AVASSEUR 8, IIULItS, etc. Invaluable to all. enpecUlly to Market (iardencra. Send for It. D. M. FERRY & CO., Detroit, Michigan. The Flowering Plants, GRASSES. SEDGES and FERNS OF GT<.EA,T BFilTAIN And their allieH, the Club Mosses, I'epperwortH and Horse tallH. BY ANNIE PRATT, 6 ▼olfl. octavo, cloth, pilt. .319 full colored plates. Illustra- ting 1548 species flpured with Index in each vol. with botani- cal and common name referrinp to i)late, figure and paper. Price t82.50 sent nost-paid. Address, OHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. "Wm. Francis Bennett, out of 2-inch pots, S6.00 per doz. Quotations furnished at 100 rates. IS Best Varieties of Double Petunias. 91 for the full set. 20 Best Varieties of Verbenas, $3.50 per 100. Cash with order from unknown correspondents, or satis- factorv reference. 012 J PE WITT BROS., Bristol, Pa. OfilENIALPEARS! si.,-(i.,iti,s. LeConte ■""i Kieffer l'.;ii-...i. tluir..xvMi...,t--; Bartlettaiid t.tlUT |il-.irs ull l.rC.lU.. li...ts; PeeH To :ni.i Honey i'' a.h.s ; Russian Apricots on plum ; Peaches on )ihim and tested Russian Apples. ( atalosrup, with facts, free. .V lartrc and K'lu'ntT a-«sortinent of Fruit Trees. Addroas W. F. HEIKES, Manaper, llunt^vllleKuraeries, HuntSVille.Ala. SO 111 of Grafting and Budig By CHARLES B.\LTET, Appropriatelv and fully illustrated by 186 cuts, showing methods, tools and appuances. Pp. 2.W, 12 mo, cloth, flexi- ble. Price 81.2.5 mailed, postage free. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street Phlla. The LANGUAGE and SENTIMENT of FLOWERS Including FLOKAL POETUY; with original illustrations printed in colors, 310 pages, ICmo. Price, 81.25; by mail post-paid. _ CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. THE EXPERIENCE OF A TRAVELLER ! Blood Japan Maple. Viburnum plicatum. Travelling through the United States, one is struck by the evident ignorance of what is new and good. Fruits that were popular a half century ago are still set out as if pomology had not advanced a single step— and in ornamental trees the Maple, Poplar or Willow furnish about all the beauty or shade. In evergreens, the Norway spruce or White pine is all one sees, and though no one can do without these admirable kinds, there is no reason but ignorance of the many beauti- ful things found in first-class nurseries, why fifty, a hundred, or more, of one kind, should be planted to the exclusion of everything else. These rarer and beautiful improvements, of course cost more than the cheap and common things. Those who wish to cover their grounds with fruits that will give "something to eat," or anything that will do "for shade," so that they are " bought at bottom prices," will not care what so long as a few dollars square the bill. But these are growing scarcer every year, and we are more than encouraged in our efforts to continually add to our stock everything that luill be hardy in our clitnate. Our descriptive catalogue is sent free to all applicants. Local Nurserymen who may wish to introduce to their customers the many valuable fruits and ornamental things brought to notice of late years, will be liberally dealt with. Such kinds as Viburnum plicatum. Hydrangea grandiflora, Weigela floribunda. White Fringe, Blood Japan maple and Weeping Dogwood, they must keep if they would be up with the times. MEEHAN'S NURSERIES, Cermantown, Phila. 14 THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. P. & E. TRANSON, NURSERIES, ORLEANS, FRANCE, Beg to inform their American friends and customers generally that their New List for 1885 and 1886 Is now ready and may be had on application to Messrs. Knauth, Nachod & Kiihne, 5 U S. fflLLffl ST., HE! YOl. This Catalogue contains Wholesale Prices of all the Fruit Tree Stocks ; an extensive list of Fruit Trees, New and Hardy Ornamental Plants, Climbers, the Hardiest and Best Conifers and Roses on their own Roots. Also, Small Conifers, Deciduous and Evergreen Ornamental Trees, 1 & 3 years' Seedlings, most useful for Nurserymen. -The greatest attention given to packing. tno «- N. B.- ffljoEifliis TO nmi By VVm. vSaundeks, F. R S. C. Dedicated to the Fruit Growers of America. 8 vo., cloth, pp. 436. Illustrated with 440 Wood Cuts. Price $3.00 by mail, post-paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, PhUa. [(Jnc-tourth full s-ize.] THE MINERAL INKSTAND, Composed of twenty different minerals, petrifactions, crys- tals, fossils, and gems of the great Rocky Mountain regions of Wyoming, Colorado and other parts of the Far West, comprising gold, silver, copper and iron ores, agates, ame- thysts, topazes and other precious stones, of rainbow hues. The natural and brilliant tints of the various specimens make it a cabinet of rare beauty. It combines instru<:ti<>n with utility, and is an epitome of the mineral wealth of the "Rockies." A splendid ornament for the desk, shelf or table, or a novel and lasting gift to a friend. Sent, post-paid for $2.50 on receipt of price. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. ZSssay on Roses. Paper, pp. 24. BY MR.S. M. D. WKLLCOME. Illustrated. Price, 15 cents. Mrs. Wellcome writes with enthusiasm, and from a thorough knowledge, and a considerable experience. All lovers of roses and all amateur horticulturists will find the little monograph inteiesting and suggestive."— Boston JoumcU. Sent by mall, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. PEAR C\JLTURE FOR PROFIT. BY P. T. QUINN. A practical Horticulturist, and author of " Money in the Garden." Containing practical method of raising Pears intelligently and with best results: character of soil, best mode of preparing It; best varieties to select under existing conditions; best mode of planting, pruning, fertilizing, grafting, and utilizing the ground betore the trees come into bearing, and finally gathering and packing for market Illustrated with practical cuts on pruning and grafting, distance table and orchard record. 136 pages, 12njo, cloth. Price, $1. Sent by mail, post-paid, on re- ceipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phlla. STOVE ^'^rr"^ PLANTS ^r- Palms, Ferns and Lycopodiums. BY THOMAS BAINES. Full details of the Propagation and Cultivation of 500 Families of Plants, embracing all the best kinds in cultivation, suitable for growiiii: in tlio Green- houxr, Inlcriiirduitf llmisc mui .SYoir. Octavo, 302 pages, cloth. Price, S-i 5 Fresh and Keliable, from 2 cts. a packet ^P l"li^ up, 8 trial packets Flower Seeds lOo. 5 •^^^ pkts. Vegetable Seeds 10 cts. Catalogue and .sample pkt. free. J. J. BKLL. Windsor, N. Y. ja-^ ON 30 DAYS' TRIAL. THIS NEW ELASTIC TRUSS Has a Pad dilferent from all others, is cup shape, with Selfi adjusting Ball in center.adapts itself to all positions of the bodvwhile the ball in the cup ' presses back the inteo- _ fines just as a person does with the finger. With light pressure the Her- nia is held securely day and night, and a radical cure certain. It is easy, durable and cheap. Sent by mail. CiT- "'88 CO., Chleaco, lU. eulars free. EGGLESTON TRUSS CO. (Mention this paper.) SELECT FERNS AND LYCOPODS. By Benjamin S. Williams, F.R.H.S. Comprising descriptions of 950 choice species and varieties, Brit- iih ajid Exotic, with directions for their management in the Tropical, Temperate and Hardy Fernery, with numerous beautiful full-page illustrations. 353 pages, i2mo, cloth. Price, |2. 60. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, SiA Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS. By Chas. Darwin. With copious descriptive contents and index. Illustrated. 462 pages, iVmo, cloth. Price 87.00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. AddreM CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila, i6 THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. G^COLORADO^^? AS AN AGRICULTURAL STATE. Its Farms, Fields and Garden Lands. BY WM. E. PABOB. Illustrated, 213 pages, 12mo, cloth, beveled boards. Price 11.50, mailed, pos^paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. FRTIIT &ROWER'S FRIEO. AN EASY GUIDE FOR THE RaisingofFruitsforPleasureor Profit BY R. H. HAINES. Paper, 34 pp., 8vo, price 30 cents; mailed post-paid on receipt of price. AcTaress, ^ CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Strbbt, Phila. A MANUAL OF VEGETABLE PLANTS, BY ISAAC F. TILLINOHABT. Containing the experieBces of the author in sUrting all those kinds of vegetables which are most difficult for a novice to produce from seed ; with the best methods known (or combating and repell- ing noxious insecu and preventing the diseases to which garden vegetables are subject. loa pages, i6mo, cloth, price, Ji.oo, •t-paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhlU. A NEW BOOK I NOW READY. THOUSANDS OF CHRYSANTHEMUMS In 3 and 4 and 5-inch pots, vigorous plants, all of -which will bloom finely. Prices according to variety. Florists should get stocked with the best before the rush of fall sales. ROMAN HYACINTHS of extra fine quality, $3.50 per 100; $30 per 1000. PAPER WHITE, TRUMPET, MAJOR and VON LION NARCISSUS, selected for forcing, at reasonable rates. HYACINTHS, TULIPS, LILY OP VALLEY, LILIES, «&c., of best grade. FREESIA REFRACTA ALBA, large bulbs, $6.00 per 100. HYACINTHUS CANDICANS, $3 and $5 per 100. Large stock of Home- grown CLEMATIS. Catalogue now ready. V. H. HALLOCK, SON & THORPE, East Hinsdale, New York. TELEGRAMS, QUEENS. N^Y. 8l2 Downing's Landscape Gardening and Rural Architecture. BY THE LATE A. J. DOWNING, ESQ. Adapted to North America, with a view to theimprovementin country residences. Comprising historical notices of the art, di- rections for laying out grounds and arranging plantations ; the de- scription and cultivation of hardy trees, decorative accompaniments of the house and grounds, the formation of artificial water, flower gardens, etc.; with remarks on rural architecture. With two sup- plements by H. Winthrop Sargent. Handsomely illustrated, pp. Sga. Royal 8vo. Price, J6. 50, by mail, postage free. The above 'work is now out of print and when the few remaining copies at present in stock are disposed of no more can be had. Those who wish to secure a copy of this valuable work while the chance is yet open, should speak at once. Address, CHAS. H. MAKOT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. Manual of Accidents and Emergencies, Or how to avoid accidents and what to do when they occur, with notes on the Preservation of Health. Compiled for the use of Teachers, Students, and the Industrial Classes, By Geo. A. Groff, M. D., of the University of Lewisburg, Pa. pp 92, 12 mo. boards, price 50 cents by mail post-paid. Address. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. THE ROSE A treatise on the Cultivation, History, Family Character- istics, etc., of the various groups of Itoses, with accurate descriptions of the varieties now generally grown. BY H. B. ELLW ANGER. Pp. 293, 16mo, cloth. Mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price, 81.25. Address. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. lorlli American Syln 5 vols., 156 colored plates, in 30 parts: In parts, unbound $60 00 " Halt Turkey Morocco, antique gilt 70 00 " Full " " " 76 00 " Cloth, gilt top 66 00 Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. -JUST PUBLISHED.- The Sportsman's Gazetteer, BY CHARLES HALLOCK. New, Revised and Enlar&:ed Edition. This well-known volume, comprising 1,000 pages, passed through six editions, and became the recognized authority in both continents on matters pertaining to Field Sports. It has now been revised under the personal supervision qf the author, who, since the appearance of the last edition, has largely extended his knowledge of the subjects treated by three years' travel over new portions of the United States and Canadas, which have not hitherto been brought to the immediate attention of sportsmen. This revised edition contains entirely new matter in several depart- ments, a newly engraved portrait of the author, new maps, and many fine illustrations representing Game Birds, Game Dogs, Game Fishes, etc., etc. Price, post-paid, 83.00. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhiU. L300K OF EVERGREENS. By Josiah Hoopes. A priictical treatise on the Conifene or Cone-bearinK plants. Handsomely illustrated. 4.3.5 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $3.00. Seui by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. ROSES AND ROSE CULTURE. By Wm. Paul, F.R.H.S. The r.-ition.-iIe of Rose cultivation in a nut-shell. Intended to place within a small compass .ill that is necessary for the successftil cultiv.-ition of the " Queen of Flowers." 83 pages lamo, paper- boards. Price, 60 cents. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of orice. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street. Philadelphia. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. 17 4 SHIPPEE'SPEIDEPLDII A Choice Lot of 2-year Trees 6 to 7 ft. A Heavy Stock of 1-year Trees 5 to 7 ft. A Few Choice 4-year Trees, Bearing Size, Diameter 2 inches. For Prices, Descriptions and Testimonials from the Best Authorities c.jiiceiiiin^' this VALUABLE MARKET PLUIVI. Address. WILEY 4fc CO., Cayuga, N. Y. Successors to H. S. "SVrLEY, Original Introducer of Shipper s Pride. tja2 DREER'S RELIABLE FLOWER SEEDS NEW CROP. VARIETIES FOR SOWING. Trade Pkt. Per oz. Ampelopsis Veitchii $0.15 $0.40 Calendula Meteor, true 0.10 0.30 Centaurea Candidissima, per 1,000 seeds 1.00 " Gymnocarpa, " " 0.80 2.00 Cobaea Scaniiens 0.30 1.25 Geranium Apple Scented, true, 100 seeds 0.50 Linaria Cymbalaria 0.30 Lobelia C. Palace Speciosa 0.30 " " " Compacta 0.50 Mignonette, Or. fl., Ameliorata 0.20 MilesSpiral 0.25 0.75 Pansy, Dreer's Premium, Mixed 1.00 8.00 " Finest Imported 0.50 3.00 Petunia, Dreer's Mottled and Striped 0.75 8.00 Inimitable Compacta 0.75 8.00 Phlox , Nana Compacta, best for pots 0.75 5.00 Pyrethrum, Golden Feather 0.30 1.2.5 Smilax, per K lb- 87.00 2.00 Torema Fourneri 0.50 6.00 Verbena. Dreer's Choicest, Mixed 0.50 4.00 FHne Mixed 0.30 1.50 Vinca, Mixed or Separate Colors Each 0.30 1.00 Wholesale List for Florists mailed on application. Seedsman and Florist. PHILADELPHIA. HENRY A. DREER, BACK VOLUMES OF THE Can still be had in numbers, per year - - - . ^2 00 Bound in neat cloth cases, including numbers, - • - 2 76 " }i Roan, " " ... 3 00 Doth cases alone, mailed for •..-... 60 Dilivtrtd postage fret. Or mail us your own numbers, and have them bound in cloth cases for 90 cents. Returned to you bound, postage free. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. PATENT BINDER For the Gardbnbr's MoNTHLT. Numbers filed with the greatest conrenience. Preserve them filed for reference, and have them when you want them. Neatly lettered on the side in gilt. Price, 50 centseach. Mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St. Phila. Can ALWAYS be GROWN from the STRONG one and TWO YEAR OLD PLANTS, sent out TRUE TO NAME, from OUR ESTABLISHMENT. A NEW EDITION OF OIR "HAND-BOOK OF ROSES," With descriptions of all the Best Varieties, Hints on Cultivation, &c., jast issued. To tlie WHOLESALE TRADE WE OFFER A LARGE STOCK OF ROSES on their OWN ROOTS. FOR LIST OF KINDS and EXCEEDINGLY LOW PRICES, SEE OUR CATALOGUE NO. 3. tja3 Hoopes Bro. & Thomas, Maple Avenue Nurseries, West Chester, Pa. ja2 APPLE SEEDLINGS AND ROOT CRAFTS of jVpple, Pear, Plum and Clierrv at LOW ItATLS. Send for iirices and samiilcs. Address, BLOOMINGTON Phoenix) NURSERY Establ'cl 1S52. BLOOMINGTON, ILL. Ne"w Edition— Just Published. The Imerican Fruit Colturist, Containing Practical Directions for the Propagation and Culture of all Fruits adapted to the United States, BY JOHN T. THOMAS, *. 1st Pres't Fruit- Growers' Society of Western N. Y.: Hon- orary Member Mass. Hort. Society; of Penna. Fruit- Growers' Society ; of the Hort. Society of Indiana, etc., and for 30 Years a Practical Nurseryman. NEW AND REVISED EDITION. Illustrated with 519 fine wood engravings. In one hand- some 12mo volume of 593 pages, bound in extra muslin. Price, 82.00, by mail, free of postage. Address, ^OT, 81. CHAS. H. MAI 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. RARE ^ CURIOUS ^OLD WORKSX^ McDonald's Dictionary of Gardening, 2 vols. Quarto (London 1807) 72 plates $10.00 Jo. Bapt. Ferrari! sinensis E. Societate Jesu de Florum Cultura. (Rome 1633) 522 pages. Quarto, 41 fuU page plates and index rerum. Limp calf. Paper in perfect state of preservation S25.00 Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, PhUa. Myersal Interest Tallies At 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 10 per cent, computed by Georgb WtLLiAM Jones of Cornell University, and guaranteed correct. Pp. 120 16 mo, cloth, limp. Price, 50 cents. MaUed post-paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. i8 THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. We now offer the following seeds at the annexed prices, PER BUSHEL. All are good, plump, fresh seeds; and of extra choice quality: Mazzard Cherry S 5.50 Apple $ 4.50 Horse Plum 7.00 Apple, Frencli Crab 10.00 Pear $1.50 per lb. MAHALEB CHERRY. We can still furnish a few bushels of our wel )wn prime seed in condition for growth this Spring, STOCKS. "We can supply any of the following stocks, and will give prices on application Apple, Mazzard and Malialeb Cberry, Pear and Plum. MEEHAN'S NURSERIES, Cermantown, Phila. THE NEW BOTANY A Lecture on the Best Method of Teaching the Science. By W. J. Beal, M.SC, PH.D. 8vo, paper. Second edition, ^e^'ised by the author. 25c. Mailed, post-paid on receipt of " Every student of Botany may profit by taking counsel of Dr. Beal."— Z-ondan Gardener's Magazine. "This book well merits the attention of all engaged in teaching Botany, and also of those who are about to study ny— London Journal of Horticulture. " No better service could be rendered to botanists and gardeners than to have this lecture in the hands of every teacher. Prof. Beal is one of the best of our modern teachers of 'Bota.ny."— Gardener s'' Monthly. Looking ai results there are few better teachers of Botany than Prof. Beal.— 7Ae Botanical Gazette. "It would be difficult to overestimate the difference be- tween the delight which a class of bright young girls or boys would take in such observations as these, and the dreariness of the hours their elders were forced to spend over the analysis of flowers."— J\r. Y. Evening Post. "The modp Prof. Beal so ably points out not only imparts useful knowledge, but serves a valuable purpose in train- ing the mind."— CounZrv Gentleman. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. A popular review, containing chapters on Orchid Life, Orchid Flowers, Orchid Mysteries, C)rchid Homes, Uses of Orchids, History of Orchids, Value of Orchids, Hybrid Orchids. By Lewis Castle (Author of "Cactaceous Plants"). OPiNIOK.s. — .Sir Trevor Lawrence, Bart , M.P.: " A useful little book." Baron SchrOder, The Dell Staines: "I have read your essay upon Orchids with the greatest interest. I consider it most instructive, and of great use to amateurs." R. I. Lvnch, A.L.S., Curator of the Cambridge University Botanic'Garden ; " Your Orchid Review is a success. The selection of matter is most interesting, and there could be no better introduction for the use of visitors to the Orchid Conference than this little book." 12ino, ()0 pages, 13 illustrations. Price .50c., by mail. Address' CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. GARDENING FOR PROFIT. BY PETER HKNDERSON. A Guide to the successful cultivation of the MARKET AND FAMILY GARDEN. Npw and enlarged edition. Illustrated. 276 Pages, 12mo, cloth. Price, 81.50. Sent by mail jxjst-paid on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. PRACTICAL CAMELLIA CULTURE. A treatise on the Propap;ttion and Culture ui the Camellia Ja- ponica, by Robert I. HallKlay. lUuslrateil with Five Colored Plates and fiO Wood EnKravings, 12mo, pp. 141 , cloth. Price, 82.00. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia. Select [xlra-Tropical Plants. Readily eligible for industrial culture or /} aturalization. with indications of their native countries, and some of their uses, by Baron Ferd. Von Mueller, K. C. M. G., M. D., Ph. D., F. R S., Government Botani.st of Australia; Hon- orary or Corresponding Member of Scientific Societies and Academies in Philadelphia, New Orleans, San Francisco, Chicago, Kingston, Mexico, Caracas, Buenos Ayres. The question of tree culture is one to which the people of this country must, before the lapse of many years, of neces- sity give their attention. In Baron von Mueller's book the trees and plants not indigenous to this country', but capable of cultivation here, are given, with such description of them and of the particular sections to which they are adapted, as makes it an indispensable work to those interested in im- proving our native floral wealth. American edition, revised and enlarged. 450 pages. Octavo. Cloth. Price, 83.00 ; mailed, post-paid. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. FRUIT CULTURE And the LAYING out and MANAGEMENT of a COUNTRY HOME. SY WM. C. STRONG. 205 pages, IGmo, cloth. Price, Sl.OO, by mail, post-paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. AMERICAN GARDENER'S ASSISTANT. By Thomas Bridgeman, Containing complete practical directions for the cultivation of Vegetables, Flowers, Fruit Trees and Grapevines. Illustrated. 529 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price $2.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Cheatnnt St., Phila. WINDOW GARDENING. By Henry T. Williams. Devoted specially to the Culture of Flowers and Ornamental Plants for In-door use and Parlor Decoration, ^lendidly illus- trated. 300 pages, med. 8vo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhiU PRACTICAL FLORICULTURE. By Peter Henderson. A Guide to the successful cultivation of FLORISTS' PLANTS, (or \.\\c Atnaieur anA Pro/essiitnal Florist. Illustrated. 311 pages, lamo, cloth. Price, ^1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. 19 FMT TREE STOCKS •^ FRUIT TREE STOCKS SPECIAL CULTURE LPAILLET, Nurseryman, Chatenay (Seine), near Paris, France, advises bis nnmerous customers that he caa now supply any orders of Fruit Tree Stocks at a very moderate price. Catalogue printed in English will be sent on demand. Large orders will be supplied on very liberal and low prices. Special arrangements may be made at very cheap prices for shipments sent franco New York, all expenses paid and duties included. Orders must be sent directly to L. PAILLET. Money deposit to be sent to my Bankers, Messrs. John MuNROE, Nassau Street, New York City. Nurseries Established (827. to6 SCOTT'S NURSERYMAN'S OIRECIORY CURRENT EDITION. SOLD ONLY BY SUBSCRIPTION. A reference Book of the Nurserymen, Florists, Seedsmen Tree Dealers, e done in a vegetable garden during each month of the Tear. 137 pages, i6mo, cloth. Illustrated. Price 50 cents; sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. TALKS ABOUT FLOWERS. BY MRS. M. D. WELLCOME. "The author chats of flowers in a very entertaining and hastructive manner. Many valuable hints are given to amateurs respecting the sowing of seeds, rooting of cuttings, window gardening, insects on plants, etc., etc."— Concord Monitor. a 162 ; octavo, cloth, 81.00 ; paper, gilt, 60 cts. mailed, post- , on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. BY JAMES VEITCU. Embracing: Part I.— General Review of the Order. Part ir.— Synopsis of Oenera. Species and Varieties. Part III— The Planting of ConifercB. This work has received the high enconiums of the English and French Horticultural papers, and the Gardeners' Monthly, as being trustworthy, practical, attractive, scien- tlflc, and Indispensable to those having an intelligent interest In Coniferous trees. No Horticultural Library is complete without it. With numerous wood-cut plates and letter press illustra- tions. JU) pp., 8vo, neatly bound in cloth. Price, $3.00, mailed, powtage free. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, Agent for U.S., 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. HOUGH'S ELEMENTS OF FORESTRY Designed to afford Infonnation concerning the Planting and Care of Forest Trees for Ornament or Profit : and giving Suggestions upon the Creation and Care of Woodlands, with the view of securing the Greatest Uenefit for the Ixjugest Time. Particularly adapted to the Wants and Couditionfl »f the Unit«d States. By FRANKLIN B. HOUGH. PH.D.. Chief of Forestry Division, Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. I-Arge I2mo, np. .3«1. Numerous Illustrations, 82.00. Will be sent by naail, prepaid, on receipt of pric«. Address. OUAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phlla. MY WHOLESALE AND DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES OP GREENHOUSE AND BEDDING. PLANTS, ROSES, ORCHIDS, PALMS; &c., will be mailed to all applicants. WM. C. WILSON, Florist, tjal2 ASTORIA, L. I.. N. Y. NewStyleChromoIIIddeii?fameCtrdi,10c. Game n3 Author8,10c. Acme Card Fsctor7,ClmU>avm>,Ct. eom BARRY'S- Fruit Garden. NEW EDITION, REVISED AND BROUGHT DOWN TO DATE BY P. BARRY. Illustrated, pp. 516, fine cloth. Price, 82.50, mailed, post- age free. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Fhlladelphl*. BEE-KEEPER'S GUIDE; OR, MANUAL OF THE APIARY. By A. J. COOK, Prof. of Entomology in the Michigan State Agricultural College 348 pp. large 12 mo.; 193 Illustrations. Comprises a full delineation of the Anatomy and Physiology of the honey-bee, illustrated with costly wood engravings — the Products of the Honey-Bee ; the Race"* of Bees ; full descriptioH of honey-producing plants, trees, shrubs, etc., splendidly illu- trated— and last, though not least, detailed instructions for the various manipulations necessary in the apiary. This work is a masterly production, and one that no bee- keeper, however limited his means, can afford to do without. It is fully up with the times on every conceivable subject that in- terests the apiarist. It is not only instructive, but inteasely in- teresting and thoroughlv practical. Within 20d ays after this work was Issued from the press, 600 copies were disposed of— « sale unprecedented In Bee Literature. Price, paper 81; cloth, $1.25. Mailed post-paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut Street, Pblla The Scientific Angler Being a general and instructive work on Artistic Angling. By the late David Foster. Containing the habits and haunts of fish, bottom fishing (general), pike fishing, spinning for trout, worm fishing for trout, grub fishing for grayling, piscatorial entomology, on king, fly fishing to 1 and sea trout fishing, about hooks. fly making, fly fishing for trout and grayling, live fly and beetle fishing, notes on the month tor fly flsliing, salmon Pp. 247. Illustrated. Cloth, 12mo. Price, post-paid, $1.50. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. By Edward Sprague Rand, Jr. AtreatlseoD Hardy and Tender bulbs and Tubers. 369 pages, iimo, cloth. Price, $3.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Addresi, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. CUT FLOWERS ROS£ BUr>S, CARNATIONS, VIOLETS, BOUVAK- DIAS, SMILAX, &c. Trice on application. 50,000 VERBENAS fL.^'^r''' ""'' •20 per 1000. No rust uor mildew anteed. Address, 50 per 100; »8 per 1000. and satisfaction guar- Kooted Cuttings, »1 per 100; IS8 per 1000. Packed Tight. ' ' J. L. tmyl2 DILLON, Florist, BLOOMSBURCH, PA. A NEW BOOK. HORSES: THEIR FEED THEIR FEET. A manual of Horse Hygiene, invaluable for the veteran or the novice, pointing out the causes of "malaria," "glanders," "pink eye," "distemper," etc., and how to prevent and tounteract them, by C. E. Page, M.D., with a treatise and notes on shoeing by Sir George Cox and Col. M. C. Weld. 150 pages i2mo, paper, 50 cents, extra cloth, 75 cents. Mailed on receipt of price Address, CHA8. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. DRAINAGE FOR HEALTH, OR Easy Lessons in Sanitary Science. By JOSEPH WILSON. M.D.. Medical Director U. S. N. pages, ocuvo. Copiously illustrated. Price |i.oo, mailed, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS H MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila. KEEPING ONE COW. Being the experience of a number of practical writers, in a clear aad condensed form, upon the Management of a Single Milch Cow. Illustrated, 132 pages, cloth. Price, 81.00, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street. Phila. Tuberose Bulbs PEARL AND DOUBLE. PEARL, 1st size, ^ 100 »2.25; per 1000, •20.00 " 2nd size, Blooming, ^100. 1.75; " 16.00 DOUBLE, 1st size, f) 100 2.25; " 20.00 " 2nd size, Blooming, f? 100. 1.75: " 15.00 New Crop Now Ready. All Bulbs Guaranteed Pure. ENGLE & BRO., Nurserymen and Florists, Established 1853. MARIETTA, FA. Simplifies the art of Reckoning, and is worth its weight in gold to every Farmer, Mechanic and Business man, especially those not thoroughly versed in figures. Shows AT A glanck, the COKRECT answer to nearly 100,000 business examples in all kinds of grain. Stock, Hay, Coal, Cotton, Merchandise, INTEREST, Wages, Measurements of Lumber, Logs, Cisterns, Tanks, Granaries, Wagon Beds, Com Cribs, Cordwood, Hay, Lands, CariJenters', Plasterers', Bricklayers' work, etc. li also TEACHES entirely new, easy and pra cticax RULES for RAPID business calculations, which even a child can com- prehend. It is neatly printed and bound, and is a ready and LIGHTNING Calculator, Memorandum, perpetual. Cal- endar and Pocket-book combined, all for the price of a com- mon diary in similar binding. 72 pages and 60 pages addition- al of blank memorandum. No. 1, Eng. Cloth, plain, with memorandum. $ .50 No. 2, " with slate, pocket, flap and mem. .76 No. 3, FuU Leather, " " " 1.00 No. 4, " Morocco, " " " 1.25 No. 5, " Russia, " " " 1.60 No. 6, " RussiaCalf," " " 2.00 Nos 3, 4, 5 and 6 have renewable diaries. Nos. 6 and 0 are gelded. Sent post paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. A Treatise on Beautifying Homes, Rural Districts, Towna and Cemeteries. By Elias A. Long. 381 pages, 12 mo, cloth. Illustrated. Sent by mail prepaid for 82.00. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phfla. The Goldfisti and its Culture, BY HUGO MULERTT. It is intended in this book to fiimish reliable information for the propagation of the fish in this country and its E roper management in captivity ; propagation and care in sh ponds, aquariums, Ac; enemies and diseases, and how to combat and prevent them. 12ino, cloth, pp.108, illus- trated. Price, 81.00, post-paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnnt St., Phila. Meffick'sStrawberrfCulturist (OUT OF PRINT.) A few more copies left at 50 cents. Mailed, post paid on receipt of price. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. AMATEUR'S ROSE BOOK. By .Shirley Hibbkrd. Comprising the cultivation of the Rose in the open ground and under glass; the formation of the Kosarium ; the charac- ters of Wild and Garden Roses; the preparation oftheflowert for exhibition ; the raising of new varieties; and the work of the Rose Garden in every season of the year. Illustrated with colored plates and wood engraviugs. 272 pages cloth, 12mo. Price 83.00. Sent by mall postpaid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnnt St., PhUa. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. MANETTI ROSE STOCKS. 1st quality, very fine, $5 per 1000 ; $45 per 10,000. Rhododendron Stocks. For grafting 1st quality, $29 per 1000. SJ^AT.'TETt CHAS. SI^OCOCK, tja2 (LATE DONALD A SON), Goldworth "Old" Nursery, Woking, Bngland. Paris i Mm ol Paris considered in relation to the wants of OTHER CITIES, and o PUBLIC and PRIVATE GROUNDS. By WM. ROBINSON. Splendidly and profusely illustrated, pp. 548. Octavo, frict $7.50. Mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. ^^AROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. Fruit Growers' Hand -Book, By F. R. Elliott author of " Western Fruit Growers' Guide" (one of the best posted men on the subject in the United States). Contains the practice on all subjects connected with fruit growing. The book is made for those who grow fruit for their own use Also an Appendix, containing matter relating to the selection and culture of Ornamental Trees, Roses, Plants, &c. Illustrated with 45 wood- cuts, 130 pages, i6mo, cloth, $1 ; paper, 60 cts. Sent by mail postpaid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St.. Phila. The Sugar Beet. Including a History of the Beet Root Sugar Industry of Europe. Varieties of the Sugar Beet, Examination, Soils, Tillage, Seeds and Sowing, Yield and Cost of Cultivation, Harvesting, Transportation, Con- servation, Feeding Qualities of the Beet and of the Pulp, Etc., Etc., Etc. BY LEWIS S. WARE, C.E., M.E., Fellow of L'Ecole des Arts, Agriculture et Manufactures, Paris; member of American Chemical Society. In one volume, octaro ; illustrated by 90 engravings. Price, 84.00 by mail, postage free. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. BEET ROOT SUGAR AND CULTIVATION OF THK BEET. BY K. B. GRANT. Including the Sugar supply of the U. S., History of Beet Root Sugar, Supply of Beets, Cultivation, Cost of Beet Root Sugar in France, Production in various Countries, Advantages, Method of Raising. Harvesting, Preservation of Beets, Seed, Manures, Ro- tation of Crops, Beet Pulp, Leaves of Beets, Profits, etc. 16 mo., cloth, pp., 158. Price, $1.25. Sent by mail post-paid on receiptor price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa ALPINE FLOWERS for ENGLISH GARDENS ByW. Robinson, F. L. S. An explanation of the principles on which the Exauisite Flora ol Alpine countriss may be grown to perfection in .ill Parts of the Bntish Islands, with numerous Illustrations, of Rock Gardens, Natural and Artificial. 70 Illustrations, 440 pages, crown 8vo, cloth. Price, I4. 50. Mailed, postage free on receipt of price. Address. CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phia Farm Implements and Machinery AND THE PRINCIPLES OF THEIR CONSTRUCTION AND USE. with explanations of the laws of motion and orce as applied on the farm, with over 300 Illustrations by John J. Thomas; new and revised edition, 313 pages, 13 mo, cloth, price|i.5o; mailed postage free 00 receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. NEW CHRYSANTHEMUMS. I offer 9 varieties of merit, selected out of an Importa- tion receivcil direct from Japan last Spring, and flowered in this Cduntry tliis Fall. They are distinct acquisitions and Deserve a place in every coUcftion. Order early. Plants ready in March. I hold the entire Ktock with the exception of Mrs. Frank Tlioniii.son and Milkmaid. My last year's varieties, iHil5 per 100. H. WATERER, Importer and Exporter of Plants. tja ^56 North 38th Street. Philadelphia. PRACTICAL LESSONS IN Architectural Drawing ; Or, HOW TO MAKE THE WORKING DRAWINGS AND WRITE SPECIFICATIONS FOR BUILDINGS. BY WILLIAJNI B. TUTHILL, A.M., ARCHITECT. Illustrated by 3.3 full paire plates (one in eolors) and 43 wood cuts, sliowint; Methods of Construction and Representa- Hon. Scale DrawJnqs, Sections and Details of Frame, Brick and Stone Buildings, with full descriptions and specifications, show- ing the various forms of writing the same tor ditferent kinds of buildings. Oblong quarto cloth. Price, $2.50, by mail, post free. Address, CHAS. H. >LAROT, 814 Chestnut St. Phila. AMERICAN GRAPE GROWING wine: ^aAi^iNG. By George Husmann, Professor of Horticulture in University of Missouri.with contributions from well-known Grape Growers, giving A WIDE RANGE OF EXPERIENCE. Illustrated, 12mo, 243 pp., cloth; price, 81.50. Mailed pott-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS H. MAROT 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. AMERICAN FLOWER GARDEN DIRECTORY. By Robert Buist. With practical directions for the Culture of Plants in Flower- Garden, Hot^House, Green-House, Rooms, or Parlor Windows, for ever7 month of the year. Instructions for erecting Hot- house, GreeL house, and laying out a Flower garden. Instruc- tion for cultivating, propagating, pruning and training the Grape vine and description of best sorts for the open air. 34 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 81 50. Sent by mail post paid on receipt of price. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St. Phi 1%. CLASS BOOK OF BOTANY. By Alphonso Wood, A. M. Being outlines of the Structure, Physiology and Classification of Plants ; with a Flora of the United States and Canada. 832 pages, 8vo, half arabesque cloth sides. Price, ^3.50. Sent by mail post- paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. GRAPE CULTURIST. By Andrew S. Fuller. A treatise on the Cultivation of the Native Grape. Dlustrated 286 pages 12mo, cloth. Price $1.50. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phil.i INSECT LIVES ; or, Born in Prison, BY JUI.IA P. BAI.I,ARD. A practical book for the Children, tending to interest them in Natural History through this attractive branch of it. This book answers in a natural manner the queries : How shiiU we interest children 7 How shall we most inter- est them ? How shall we feM< interest them. 97 pp., square 12mo, cloth, i>rofuKely and handsomely illustrated. Price, 81.00, by mail, post-paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. THE HOTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. TUBEROSE BULBS ^in nt%t* innn I*'"'' t'^e Remainder of my stock to ^lU per lUUU ciose Them Out At Once. All First-class. 50,000 Tuberost' ^Sets at Sl.iM) per 1000. td2 723 S. Laurel St., Richmond, Va. HAVE YOU YET SECURED A PHOTOGRAPH OBIGINUL S[CKEL PEAB TR[E? 150 TO 200 YEARS OLD AND STILL. STANDING I Send for one and have something more than a mere tra- dition. They are mounted on card board, 8x10 inches, and will be securely mailed for 50 cents. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, Publisher. 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. Wheat Culture; Hew to Double the Yield and Increase the Profits. By D. S. CURTISS. 72 pages, illustrated. Price 50 cents, mailed, post-paid, on re- ceipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. ROSES IN POTS; observations on their Cultivation including the Autobiography of Pot-Eose, byWM. PAUL. 92 pages, cloth, Illustrated. Price, 81 00 Sent Prepaid by mail on receipt of price. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street. Phila. GARDENERS' DICTIONARY. By Geo. W. Johnson, Editor of " Cottage Gardener." Describing the Plants, Fruits and Vegetables desirable for the Jfirden, and explaining the terms and operations employed in :.-eir cultivation. New Edition, with a supplement, including the new plants and varieties. 1026 pp., i2rao, cloth, fine print. Price, $ >.00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. ORANGE CULTURE IN FLORIDA, LOUSIANA AND CALIFORNIA. BY KEV. T. W. MOORE, D.D. 16mo, cloth, 184 pages, fine paper. Price, 81-00; by mail, post paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. rasEsorrELHiHimn. Chiefly such as are Caused by Fungi, by Washington G. Smith, F.L.S., M.A.I. Member of the Scientific Commit- tee of the Royal Horticultural Society. 143 Illustrations drawn and engraved by the author. 16 mo, 3-53 pages, cloth, price 81.50, by mail post-paiil. Address, CHAS. H. MAHOT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. FARM HOMES, IN-DOORS AND OUT-DOORS- By E. H. Lelano. Illustrated, 204 pages, cloth, price $1.50; mailed, post-paid on -e- eeipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 ChMtnnt St., f'hlla Stock Verbenas Five varieties including Scarlets and Whites, 2>^-iu. pots, )>er 100. S3.00. Cineraria Hybrlda, 2>^-in. pots, per 100 $ 4 00 3in. " " 5 00 " " 4-in. " " 6 00 Calceolaria, 2K-in. " " 4 00 Primulas, 2V5-in. " " 4 00 Smllax.4-in. pots, strong plants, per 100 10 00 D. C. McGRAWA CO., Riverside Gardens. BInghatnton, N. Y. HMD-BOOK OF PLANTS. BY PETER HENDERSON. A concise, yet comprehensive Dictionary of Plants. As a book of reference it will take the place for all practical purposes, of the expensive and voluminous European works of this kind. Has been written with special view to the wants of the climate of the United States, both in matters of propagation and culture. Instructions for cul- ture of many important plants, such as the Rose, have been given at length. Scope of work emhraces botanical name, derivation, Liniifean and natural orders ot all leading genera of ornamental or useful plants up to present time. All important species and varieties with brief in- strnctions for propagation and culture. A valuable feature to amateurs is all known local or common names. Arrangpuient ot book is alphabetical, and any plant can be quickly referred to under scientific or com* mon name. Index is added where important plants or modes of culture can be referred to at once. Alsocompre- hensive glossary of botanical and technical terms, with general horticultural terms and practices, of great value to the experienced horticulturist. Octave 400 pages, fine paper, handsomely bound in cloth. -Sent by mail, postage paid, on receiptof price, $3.00. Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. ASPARAGUS CULTURE. Tie BEST METHODS EMPLOYED In ENGLAM) ail FEABCE. BY JAMES BARNES AND WM. ROBINSON. With translations of Mr. Leboeuf s Essay on Asparagtis. and particulars of the seven years competition instituted for its improvement. Illustrated with wood cuts. New edition. 84 pages. 50 cents by mail on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila. Americai te M Slootii By JOHN IMORTIMER MURPHY, AiUJior 0/ Sporting Adventures in the Far West, Rambles in Northwest America, The Zoology aiid Resources of Ore- gom and Washington Territo}-y. A Search for the Mountain of Gold, The Forester of the Ardennes, Adventures in the Wilds of Florida, etc., etc. Handsomely Illustrated. 347 pages. 12mo. Cloth. Tinted Paper. Price, 82.00 by mail, post paid. Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. SMALL FRUIT CULTURIST. BY ANDREW S. FULLER. Giving Description, History, Cultivation, Propagation, Dis- eases. &c. Beautifully Illustrated. 276 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price 81.50. Sent by mail, post-paid on receipt of price. Addre.ss, CHAS. H. MAKOT. 814 Chestnut St.. Phila. PRACTICAL AZALEA CULTURE. A TREATISE on the PROPAGATION and CULTURE OF THE AZALEA INDICA, BY ROBERT J. HALLIDAY. Illustrated, 110 pages, 12mo. cloth, price, |2.00. Mailed, post paid on receipt of price. Address, CE(AS. H. AlAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. 24 THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. •^^TEACHING^ AND SELF-TEACHING BY NATURAL METHODS. cts. The New Botany, by Prof. BeaL paper, Price 25 Industrial Education in the Public Schools, by Prof. Straight, paper 15 How to Use Wood- Working Tools, by Geo. Leonard Chaney, cloth 50 GUIDES FOR SCIENCE TEACHING. Published under the Auspices of Boston Society of Natural History. No. I— About Pebbles, by Prof. Alpheus Hyatt, paper 15 " n— Concerning a Few Common Plants, by Prof. Goodale, paper 25 " m— Commercial and other Sponges, by Prof. A. Hyatt, Illustrated, paper 30 " IV— First Lesson in Natural History, by Mrs. Eliza- beth Agassiz, Illustrated, paper 35 '• V — Common Hvdroids, Corals and Echinoderms, by Prof. A. Hyatt, Illustrated, paper 30 •♦ VI— Mollusca; Oyster, Clam and other Common Mollusks, by Prof. A. Hyatt, paper. 111 35 •• vn— Worms and Crustacea, by Prof. A. Hyatt, Illus- trated, paper 35 " XH- Common Minerals and Rocks, by Prof. W. O. Crosby, paper 35 Any of above mailed post paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. LANGUAGE SERIES. A new system on the most simple principles, for Universal Self-Tuition, with English pronunciation of every word. Revised Edition. German at a Glance. Bound in paper. Price 25 cents. Boards So cents. French at a Glance. Bound in paper. Price 25 cents. Boards .35 cents. Spanish at a Glance. Bound in paper. Price 25 cents. Boards 35 cents. Italian at a Glance. Bound in paper. Price 25 cents. Boards 35 cents. Mailed, postage free, on receipt of price. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. Architects'and Builders' Pocket Companion AND PRICE BOOK, By FRANK W. VODGES, Architect. Consisting of a short but comprehensive epitome of Decimals, Duo- decimals, Geometry and Mensuration, with tables of U. S. Mea- sures, strengths, etc., of iron, wood, stone and various other ma- terials, quantities of materials in given sires and dimensions of wood, brick and stone, and a full and complete ill/ of prices for Carpenter work. Also, rules for computing and valuing brick and bricK-work, stone-work, painting, plastering, &c., 284 pages, i6mo, cloth 91.50. Tuck, J2. 00. Sent by mad postage free, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila. DENNISONS . CHEAP AND RELIABL PATENT SHIPPING TAGS FORSALEATTHIS OEE/CE, The Botanist's Pocket Book. 4th Edition, cloth limp, pp. 208. By W. B. Hayward. Containing in a tabulated form the chief characteristics of British Plants, with the Botanical Name, Common Name, Soil and Situation, Growth and Time of Flowering of every Plant, arranged under its own Order. Price 81.70. Mailecf, postage free. CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila. THE SCHOOL GARDEN Advocating education by labor as well as by study, not as a task but as a dciight. Adapting the kindergarten principle to older children. In France and Sweden it is no longer an experiment. School gardens in city and town are destined to be a great educa- tional force in America. This book, full of spirit and enthusiasm, will materially hasten the day. Price by mail, 50 cts. e.ich. Hyexpress, 5 copies for $2.00, 12 copies for $4 00. Sent on receiot of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street. Phila Length. Width. Per 1000 1 p. 3 In. \%\n. $1.00 2 p. 3>i " 1.1 B 3 P. 4 " iji " 1.30 4 P. 4J< " 214 " 1.60 BP. 6 " 2H" 1.90 6 P. B)i " 2%-' 2.30 7 P. 6 " 3 " 2.6B 8 P. m " 3%" 3.00 With Strings 60 cents per 1000 extra. Printing Jl.OO perlOO* extra. Order by numbers. Address, CHAS . H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St. , PhiUddphia FOR THE NATURALIST AND ANGLER. DR. JAMES A. HENSHALL'S BOOK OF THE BLACK BASS. Comprising its complete Scientific and Life Histories, to- gether with a Practical Treatise on Angling and Fly-flshmg, and a full account of Tools, Tackle and Implements. Large 12mo. 460 pages. Fully Illustrated. Price, $3.00. Sent by mail, prepaid, on receipt of the price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. THE FAEMER'S ACCOENT BOOK. A Complete System of Book-Keeping for Farmers, Planters, and Gardeners. BY A. L. CAMPPIBLD. Everyone should keepa strictaccountof all business transactions, and thereby save much trouble that comes of neglect. This is a plain, practical system of book-keeping, easily understood, and especially adapted to the wantsof the Farmer. Full instructions in each book. Can be carried in an ordinary pocket; 180 pages, bound in sheep-skin. Price 75 cents. Mailed postage free on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila. Subtropical Garden; Or, Beauty of Form in the Flower Garden. By W. Robinson. F.L.S. Beautifully illustrated. 241 pages, i2mo, cloth. Price, I3.75 Mailed, postage free^ on receipt of Price Address, CHAS. H. MAROT 814 Chestnut St., Phil*. FARMING WITH ONPLUMCROVE FARM, BY C. HARLAN. M.D. 269 pages, 12mo, cloth. Price Jl.OO, mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila. PUNT LIFE ON THE FHHM By Maxwell T. Masters, M.D., F.R.S. Plant nutrition; The Work and the Materials : The Machinerv ; Growth. Sensitiveness ; Development ; Multiplication ; The Battle 01 Life ; Practical Inferences ; Decav and Death. 12 mo, cloth, 132 p.ages. Mailed, post-paid, $1.00. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. 25 GROW FRUIT BY CITAS. A. GREEN. HOW TO PAINT. HOW TO PROPAGATE By a Practical Painter ; for the use of Tradesmen, Mechanics, Merchants, Farmers, and as a Guide to Pro- fessional Painters. Methods in Plain and Fancy Painting of every description ; Formulas for Mixing Paint in Oil or Water, Tools, etc. This Book makes ''every man his own painter." Full Directions for Using White Lead, Lamp-Black, Green, Yellow, Brown, Whiting, Glue, Pumice Stone, Spirits of Turpentine, Oils, Varnishes, Furniture Varnish, Milk Paint, Preparing Kalsomine, etc. Paint for Outbuild- ing9;-Whitewasn, Paste for Paper-Hanging, Hanging Paper, Graining in Oak, Maple, Rosewood, Black Walnut, Stainmg, Decalcomania, Making Rustic Pictures, Painting Flower- Stands, Rosewood Polish, Vaniishing Furniture, Waxing Furniture, Cleaning Paint, Paint tor Farming Tools, Machinery, Household Fixtures, etc To Paint Farm Wagon, Re-Varnish Carriage, make Plaster Casts. Sent by mail, postpaid, for $1,00. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa., Pa. HOW TO READ AND HINTS IN CHOOSING THE BEST BOOKS. With a classified list of work of Biography, History, Criticism, Fine Arts, Fiction, Poetiy, Religion, Science, Language, etc. By Amelie V Petit. Pp. 220. i2mo, cloth. Price, ^i.oo. By mail, post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. HOW TO DESTROY INSECTS Plants and Flowers in the Garden and the House; giving directions short, sharp and decisive how to overcome every insect enemy that infects flowers and plants, out-doors and in-doors, which troubles window Gardens ; which eats up the vegetables of the garden ; which devours the fruit trees, shrubs and vines, and lives in the homes of anxious, tired housekeepers. Paper, 100 pages. Price, 30 cents, postage free. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. HOW PLANTS GROW. By Asa Graj-. M. D. A simple Introduction to Structural Botany, with a Popular Flora, or an arrangement and description of Common Plants, both wild and cultivated. Illustrated with 500 wood engravings. 233 pages, large 16mo, half-arabesque, paper sides. Price 81 25. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila HOW TO RAISE FRUIT By THOMAS GREGG. A Hand-book of Fruit Culture, being a Guide to the proper Cul- tivation and Management of Fruit Trees, and of Grapes and small Fruits. 184 pages, i2mo, cloth, fully illustrated. Price, |i.oo. Sent by mail post-paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS H. MAKOT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. HOW TO HUNT AND TRAP. By J. B. Batty, Hunter and Taxidermist. Com aining full instructions for hunting the Buffalo, Elk, Moose. Deei, Antelope, Bear, Fox, Grouse, Quail, Geese, Ducks, Wood, cock. Snipe, etc., etc. Also, the localities where game abounds. In trapping, tells you all about steel traps; how to make home- made traps, and how to trap the Bear, Wolf, Wolverine, Fox, Lynx- Badger, Otter, Beaver, Fisner, Martin, Mink, etc., Birds of Prey poisoning carnivorous animals, with full directions for preparing pelts for market, etc. Fully illustrated. 223 pages. i2mo cloth. Price Ji. 50. Sent post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Phila. GkGTAGEOyS PLANTS HISTORY AND CULTURE. By Lewis Castle, formerly of the Royal Gardens, Kew. 12 mo. cloth. 93 pages with numerous illustrations. Price, 50 cents ; by mail, prepaid. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. 64 pages. Octavo. Dlustrated with 2 colored plates and over fifty engravings. Price, paper, 50 cts., prepaid by mail. CHAS. H. MAlROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. HOW TO MANAGE BUILDING ASSOCIATIONS. By Edmund Wrigley. Being a Director's Guide and Secretary's Assistant, with forms for Keeping Books and Accounts, also rules, examples and explana- tions illustrating the various plans of working. 211 pages, i2mo, cloth. Price, ^2.00. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt w price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. HOW THE FARM PAYS. The Experiences of W years of Successful Farming ana Oardening, by the authors WM. CROZIER and PETER HENDERSON. Profusely Illustrated with Wood Cuts, Octavo, 400 pages. Price prepaid, by mail S2.50. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. HOW TO LAY OUT A GARDEN. By Edward Keiup. A general guide in Choosing, Forming and Improving an Es- tate (from a quarter-acre to a hundred acres in extent), with reference to both design and execution. Illustrated with nu- merous plans, sections and sketches. 403 pages, r2mo, cloth. Price 82.50-. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila. THE HORSE AND HIS DISEASES, BY B. J. KENDALL, M. D. With the real essential information relative to each disease. Wil save many times its cost. Gives cause, symptoms and best treat- ment of diseases. Table with the doses, effects and antidotes of principal medicines used, and a few pages on action and uses of medicines. Rules for telling age of Horse and fine engraving show- ing appearance of the teeth each year. A large collection of valu- »bTe recipes. Printed on fine paper 7Ux5 inches ; nearly 100 pages, 35 engravings. Price, 25 cents. Sent by mail, post-paid, on receipt ofprice. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. PRACTICAL forestry! BY ANDRKW S. FULLER. A Treatise on the Propagation, Planting, and Cultivation with a Description, and the Botanical and Popular Names of all the Indigenous Trees of the United States, both Evergreen and JBeciduous, with Notes on a Large Number of the most Valuable Exotic Species. Copiously Illustrated. 299 pages, fine cloth. Price 81.50 ; mailed, post paid. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. 26 THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. SECOND-HAND BOOKS BY MAIL ON RECEIPT OF PRICE. SPEAK QUICKLY IF YOU WANT THEM, J®" Say in your order, "Second-Hand List.""^! A Simple Flower Garden, Barnard 8 20 Allen's Domestic Animals 75 " Rural Architectuie 100 Beet Root Sugar, Grant 1 00 BickneU's Village Builder & Supplement, Fol. iplates) 6 50 Brackett's Farm Talk 50 Breck's New Book of Flowers 1 -15 Bridgeman's American Kitchea Gardener 50 Butler's Family Aquarium 50 Chronicles of a Garden ; its Pets and Pleasures 2 00 Coultas' Principles of Botany 50 Darwin's Cross and Seif-Fertilization In Vegetable Kingdom 3 00 De Candolle's Vegetable Organography, 38 full p. plates 5 00 Downing's Rural Essays • . 3 85 Emmon's Agriculture of N. Y., 3 vols. 4to, plates, &c. 15 00 Ferns of Kentucky, Williamson 150 Floral Decorations for Dwelling Houses, Illustrated. . 1 25 Fruit, Flower and Vegetable Gardener's Companion. . 1 00 Fulton on Peach Culture 1 25 Gardener's and Farmer's Reason Why 75 Guide to the Orchard, Flov 1 00 Half-hours in the Green Lanes. Taylor, Illustrated .... 1 75 Harrison Injurious Insects, colored plates 5 50 Hayne's American Farrier 25 Henderson's Practical Floriculture 1 00 Hey's Mrs., Sylvan Musings, 23 col. plates, full calf .. . . 6 00 Hoffey's N. A. Pomologist (Dr. Brinkle) 36 col. plates. Quarto 3 00 Hole's Book about Roses. Eng., Illustrated 3 00 Hooper's Western Fruit Book 1 00 'f ' " " 50 Klippart's Land Drainage 1 25 Lee^s Mrs., Trees, Plants & Fl'rs, col. plates, full calf. 6 00 Lee's Mrs., Trees, Plants & Flowers, col. plates, cloth. 4 50 Lyman's Cotton Culture 1 10 iMacDonald's Food from the Far West 2 00 Merrick's Strawberry Culturist 50 Mcintosh's Orchard, with colored plates 3 00 Minot's Land and Game Birds of Mew England, Dl'd. . 2 60 New American Gardener 75 Parlor Gardener ; Home Culture of Ornamental Plants 1 00 Paxton's Hort. Register, 2 vols, in one {1&S1-1833) 1 00 Philadelphia Business Directory, 1884, Boyd 75 Prince on the Vine 75 Prince's Pomological Manual 75 Randall's Sheep Husbandry 1 25 Rand's Flowers for Parlor and Garden, cloth 2 25 " >^ tky, gilt edges 2 50 Rand's Rhododendrons 1 00 Riddell's Architect, folio, 14]4^n}4 (col. plates) 10 00 Stewart's Stable Book 1 25 Studies, by J. A. Dorgan 76 Talpa, or Chronicles of a Clay Farm 76 Taylor's Bee Keeper's Manual, Illustrated 1 50 The Plant, a Biography, 5 col. plates and 13 wood eng's 2 50 Thompson's, The Food of Animals 75 Thomas' Fruit Culturist 1 75 Todd's How to Make Farming Pay 2 00 Turner's Cotton Planter's Manual 1 10 Vegetable (111. Library of Wonders) Dr. Scheie de Vere. 61 Illustrations 2 00 Walton & Cotton's Complete Angler 1 50 Waring's Elements of Agriculture 75 Williams' Window Gardening 1 25 Woodruff's Trotting Horses of America 2 00 Wood's Insects at Home (over 700 Illustrations, 670 p.) 4 00 Young Angler Illustrated 75 Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. PRACTICAL AND SCIENTIFIC BOOKS. Book for Beginners with the Microscope, Phin, boards, fully Illustrated Cements and Glue, Phin, stiff covers Chemical History of the Six Days of Creation, Phin, 12mo, cloth Common Objects for the Microscope, Wood, 400 Illustrations, 12 colored plates Diatoms, A. Mead Edwards, 12mo, cloth Five Hundred and Seven Mechanical Movements, Brown, Eleventh Edition How to Become a Good Mechanic, by an Old Apprentice How to Use the Microscope, Phin, 86 Engravings, tinted paper, 12mo Lectures in a Workshop, Pemberton, 12mo, cloth Microscope and Its Revelations, Carpenter, pp. 882, cloth, 26 plates, 500 Engravings — Microscopical Examination of Drinking Water, McDonald, 8vo, cloth, 24 plates One Thousand Objects for the Microscope, Cooke, 12 plates, 500 figures, 12mo, boards . Ponds and Ditches, M. C. Cooke, 12rao, cloth Section Cutting : To Prepare and Mount Sections for Microscope, Marsh, 12mo, cloth. Shooting on the Wing, by an Old Gamekeeper, 12mo, cloth Steel Square and Its Uses, Hodgson, cloth Mailed, post free, on receipt of price. \ .30 .25 .76 .50 .76 1.00 .15 1.00 1.00 5.60 S.76 .50 .76 .76 .76 .76 CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St.. Philadelphia. The Orchids of New England. A Popular Monograph, By Henry Baldwin. Octavo, 157 pages, 62 Illustrations, fine English cloth. Price $2.50 : mailed, post paid. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. CRANBERRY CULTURE. BY JO.SEPII J. WIIITK Embodying in plain and concise manner all the useful and practical facts which study and experience have yielded to the Inquiring Cranberry grower of the present time. 126 pages, 12 mo, cloth. Illustrated. Price, post-paid $1.25. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., PhUa. THE BLESSED BEES. BY JOHN ALLKN. A record of a year's work in Bee-keeping hy modern methods Its profits certain and large, and Its nleasures Invaluable. In- tended to diffuse a more general knowledge of Bee-culture. 169 patres, 12 mo. cloth, limp. Price, 81. Mailed postage free, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street. Philadelphia. WORKING MAN'S WAY TO WEALTH. By Edmund Wrigley. A pnctical trcitisc on liuiUing^ Associations, what they are, and ho-wto use tlient. io8 pages, i6mo, cloth. Price, 75 cents. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. _ AdUresli, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. 27 M Fine MM Bools, Benthaui's British Flora, 2 vols., 8vo, Illustrated Jlti.SO British Sea Weeds, Mosses, Ferns and Entomology, ) square, 16mo, gilt, 89 plates, 4 vols 12.00 Cultivated Plants, their Propagation and Improve- ment, Burbiclge 6.25 English Flower Garden, Robinson, illustrated 6.00 , Ferns of Great Britain and their Allies. 41 col. plates, 6.25 Flowering Plants, Grasses and Ferns of Great Britain, Pratt. 6 vols., 319 colored plates 32.50 Flowers and Gardens, Notes on Plant Beauty 1.50 Flowers ; their Origin, Shapes, Perfumes and Colors. . 2.50 Gilpins' Fores* Scenery 3.00 Greenhouse Favorites, splendid colored Illustrations. . 12.50 Half-Hours in the Green Lanes 2.0O Half-Hours with some English Autioiiities 2.00 Handy Book of the Flower Garden, Thomson 3.75 Hardy Herbaceous and Alpine Flowers, Sutherland.. 2.75 1 Lindley's Vegetable Kingdom 12.00 1 Low's Ferns of Great Britain. 8vol8.,>^tky 80.00 Rambles in Search of Wild Flowers 3.75 Kylvan Spring, colored plates. Heath 5.00 Vegetable World. Figuier, 470 Illustrations, in calf 6.00 Walton & Cotton's Complete Angler, octavo, 60 plates 4.00 Wild Flowers of the Holy Land (qu.arto), col. plates. 8.50 ' Window Gardener, MoUison, illustrated 2.00 Wooster's Alpine Plants. 2 vols 17.50 CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Fhila. Together with Complete Plans and Specifications. Over 100 Engravings of Designs and Plans of Cottages and Country Houses, costing from S200 to S5,000. By S. B. Reed, Architect, Author of "House Plans for Everybody." Cloth. 12 mo, mailed, post-paid, for 81.2.5. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. INJURIOUS INSECTS OF THE FARM and GARDEN. By MARY TREAT. Fully Illnstrated. 288 pages. 12mo, cloth. Price 82.00 by mail, post paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. The Floral Kingdom Its History. A Dictionary of more than 300 Flowers, with the Genera and Family to which they belong and the Language of each. Illustrated by appropriate Gems of Poetry and a particular Treatise on the Cultivation and Analysis of Plants. 450 pages, on heavy tinted highly cal- endered paper, and red line border with ornamental cor- ners, splendidly bound, beveled boards, full gilt. A beauti- ful present. Price, 86.50 by mail, post-paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. EOSE GARDEN. BY WM. PAUL. ARRANGED IN TWO DIVISIONS. Division i. — Embracing the History of the Rose, the formation of the Rosarium, and a detailed account of the various practices adopted in a successful cultivation of this popular flower. Division 2.— Containing an arrangement in Natural Groups of the most esteemed varieties of Roses recognized and cultivated la the various Rose Gardens, English and Foreign, with full descript- ions and remarks on their origin and mode of culture. Illustrated with Thirteen magnificent Colored Plates of various Roses drawn to life, and with numerous engravings on wood. Royal 8vo. Cloth. 328 pp. cloth, heavy paper and handsora« type. Price, S7 00, mailed post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St.. Philad'a WATERMAN'S "IDEAL" FOUNTAIN PEN. FLOW of ink regulated automatically by act of writing, ' free as from a freshly dipped pen and much more even. SIMPLEST, cleanest, readiest and most easily man- aged of all the fountain pens. i NO air-valves or other machinery, and consequently I nothing to get out of order or to be adjusted. I WHEN the cap is removed it is ready to write, and when the writing is done the cap can be replaced. WRITES according to the size of the holder, from 10 to 25 hours continuously, with one filling, and any de- Sired kind, color or quality of ink can be used. I USES gold or steel pens of the ordinary forms, and your favorite pen can be fitted. PENS in the holders are always wet with ink, and aa steel pens are continually rusting or corroding, it is better to use a gold pen which never rusts nor corrodes ink. PENS can be tilled and left for montlis without being used, and when opened the ink will flow as readily as if just filled. WE have holders for gold pens of numbers 3 to8 inclu- sive, and for the common steel pen : also, an assort- ment fitted with gold pens ready for use. PRICES OF HOLDERS WITH GOLD PENS. No. 1—" Ladles' " size, is the smallest ; i% inches long, 5-16 inch in diameter ; takes a No. 3 or 4 gold pen. Price, $3.50. No. 2— "Gentleman'*" size, 5 inches long and % inch in [ diameter ; takes a No. 4 or 5 gold pen ; is the most popular and convenient pocket size. Price, according to pen, 83.50 or 84.00. No. 3—" Medium " size, 4}.^ inches long and 7-16 inch in di- ameter ; takes a No. 6 or 7 gold pen. Price, 8-5.00. \ No. 4—" Long " size, 6^ inches long and 7-16 inch in diam- eter ; takes a No. 6 or 7 gold pen. Price, $5.50. No. 5—" Large " size, 4^4 inches long and k inch in diam- eter ; take.s a No. 7 or 8 gold pen. Price, $6.00. No. 6—" Mammoth" size, 6\^ inches long and >< inch in di- ameter ; takes a No. 7 or 8 gold pen. Price. 8lachini8t 50 Western Rural 1 66 Westminster Review (reprint).... 2 90 Wide Awake 2 56 Youth's Companion 1 75 AddresB OH AS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. 29 A Horticultural Monthly Magazine for Amateurs. The American Garden An illustrated monthly magazine ; 32 quarto pages with lianilsome cover ; beautifully printed on fine paper. Estab- lished 1872. Edited by Dr. F. M. Hexamer, a practical horticulturist and leading authority, assisted by the best talent in America. Adapted to all Sections— North, South, East and West. A JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL INFORMATION, GIVING FULL DIRECTIONS, HO'W— to Select Land,— to Choose What to Grow,— to Cultivate all Fruit, Flower and Garden Crops ; HOW— to Start a Greenhouse,— to Begin with Fruits,— to Begin with Flowers ; HOW— to Plant a Lawn,— to Lay Out Grounds,— to Make the Homestead Beautiful ; HOW— to Run a Market Garden,— to Market the Products,— to Work a Kitchen Garden ; HOW— to Manage House Plants,— the Window Garden, — the Private Conservatory ; HOW— to Do Everything in Orchard, Vineyard, Garden, Conservatory, Lawn, Market Garden, etc. WHAT to Do Each Month in Fruit, Flower and Vegetable Culture, In-doors and Out-doors ; HOW to find LAHGE PROFIT, and FULL HEALTH and GENTLE PLEASURE in gardening. OF GREAT VALUE to Beginners, and to practicing Fruit Growers, Gardeners, Florists, Market Gardeners, Women Gardeners, Boy Gardeners, Amateurs, Gentlemen Farmers, All Nature Lovers, and All Soil Workers: IN orchard, garden, vineyard, plantation, mai-ket garden, kitchen garden farm garden, flower garden, lawn, greenhouse, conservatory, window garden. PRICE, $2.00 A YEAR ; 10 cts. a copy ; no free copies. Address, ETT T TIDTJIT *7 dey street, new york. • JCX* A^XJiD X 9 CHICAGO, OR GREENFIELD. MASS. Or, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pa. The American Oardeo in Clab, with tlie Gardeners' Monthly, before Jan. Ist, $2.60; after Jan. Ist, 83.00. Every Woman HER OWN FLOWER GARDENER. BY DAISY EYEBRIGHT. Illustrated. 148 pages, small 8vo, cloth. Price, 81.00; by mail post-paid. CHAS. H. MARgT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila, The Forester. BY JAMES BROWN, LL.D., Inspector and Reporter Woods and Forests, Ontario. A Practical Treatise on the Planting, Rearing and General Management of Forest Trees. 5th Edition, Enlarged and Improved, Profusely Illustrated. Royal 8vo, >^ Roan, pp. 898. Price, 810.00, by mail, post paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. MUSHROOMS For the MILLION, a Practical Ireatise on the cultivation of the MOSl PROFITABLE out-door crop knovun. BY JOHN WRIGHT. Illustrated. 12mo, cloth. 104 pages. Price, 50 cents, by mail post-paid. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. MUSHROOM CULTURE. ITS EXTENSION AND IMPROVEMENT, BT WM. ROBINSOM. With numerous illustration.s, 172 pagei, cioth. Price, 76 centt Mailed, pott paid, on receipt of price. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Oheatnat St., Phila. YOUR PLANTS BY JAMES SHEEHAX. PLAIN and PRACTICAL DIRECTIONS for the TREAT- MENT of TENDER and HARDY PLANTS in the house: AMD G-ARDEN. 12mo, paper, 79 pages. Price, mailed, post-paid, 40 cents. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. THE WILD GARD£X; Or, Our Groves and Shrubberies made Beautifnlby the Naturalization of Hardy Exotic Plants. By W.ROBINSON, F.L.S. With Frontispiece. 236 pages, lamo, cloth. Price, $4,.oo. Mailed postage free, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT.8i4ChestnutSt..PMIk CS-JLRDSNZN-G- FOR YOUNG AND OLD. The Cultivation of Garden Vegetables In the Farm Garden. BY JOSEPH HARRIS, M. S. Illustrated, 191 pages, 12mo, cloth, beveled boards. Price $1.25, mailed, post-paid. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. Manual of Botany of tlifi Nortliern Ilnitei States. By Asa Gray. Including the district east of the Mississippi and north of Carolln.-i anil Tennessee. Arranged according to the Natural System. Illus- trated with 20 plswo 01 Sedges, Grasses, Ferns, &c. 703 pages, ?vo, half-arabesque cloth sides. Price, JI2. 25. Sent by mail post- paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 3° THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. IftTayside FloiArers Being a compilation of thirty-one of the beautiful plates from "Native Flowers and Ferns of the United States" and 128 pp. of text BIT THIOn^v^^S IMIEEHIJLI^, Author of "Tlie Native Flowers and Ferns of U. S. ; " Professor of Vegetable Physiology in Penna. State Board of Agriculture ; Editor of The Qardenek'S Monthly ; Vice-President Acad. Nat. Sciences, PhDa. This work is appropriate for AN EL.KGANT PRESENT. Splendid paper and typography ; Bound in fine cloth, bevilled boards, gilt edges. The balance of the edition for sale at retail only. Only a few more copies left. Sent by mai postage free. Address, cz^PRICE $5.00^^ CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Philadelphia. THE ORCHID ALBUM A Serial Monthly Work on Exotic Orchids. Conducted by Robert Warner and Benjamin S. Williams. Botanical Descriptions by Thomas Mooke, Curator of Chelsea Botanic Gardens. The colored figures by John Nugent Fitch. Size of page royal quarto, enabling artist to pro- duce ample and intelligible portraits of the plants, which are drawn and colored in the uest style. The text comprises English botanical descriptions of the plants, notes on their cultivation and such general observations as may prove of interest and utility to orchid-growers. The subjects selected for illustration comprise the most ornamental and attractive species and varieties, new and old, of this noble and beauti- ful family; presenting to subscribers a splendid annual album of floral pictures for the drawing-room and library. Sold by sul)Scription and issued in regular monthly parts, at $1.25 per port, or $15 oo for the twelve annual parts, mailed post nee on receipt of price. Each part contains four hand- somely colored plates with corresponding letter-press ; and a volume of twelve parts will be completed annually. First part was issued July, 1M81, and an annual volume will be completed in June of each year following, until the subject is exhausted. Orders as received by the undersigned will be entered and forwarded to the Publisher in London. An interval of from four to six weeks will ensue between the order and the reception of initial numbers (per mail, direct from Lon- don,) by subscriber,— afterwards regularly each month. Advertisements of a suitable character will be admitted at following rates per single issue : Whole page, $20.00 ; half- page, 811.25; quarter-page, S-i.-SO; per inch., single column, H.0O. Terms cash with the order. Address for subscription or advertising. CHAS. H. MAROT, Sole Agent for the United States, «14 Chestnut .Street, Philadelphia. HAND-BOOK PRACTICAL 'landscape GARDENING. BY P. R. ELLIOTT. Designed for City and Suburban Residences, and Country School" Houses; containing designs for lots and grounds, from a lot 30 by loo, to a forty-acre plot. Each plan is drawn toscale, with schedule to each, showing where each tree, shrub^ &c., should be planted condensed instructions for forming and caring for lawns ; building ot roads; turfing, protection, pruning and care of trees; making cuttings, evergreens, hedges, screens, &c. Condensed descriptions of all the leading trees and shrubs; soil and position in which they should be grown. Illustrations of ground plans, elevations, trees, shrubs, winter gardening, &c. 96 pp., 8 vo, cloth. Price 1 1.50. Se>t by mail on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Che.stnut St., Phlla. AND DOT BUILUINGS. Aiming to furnish plans and designs to suit every taste andpocket 257 illustrations, 735 pages, 13 mo. cloth, price, { .50. Mailed> post paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St. — DOWNING'S msMninEEESorMRicA; Or, THe Cnltflre, ProDasation, and Maiagement, in the Garden and Orcnard, of Frnlt Trees Generally. New Edition. With Descriptions of all the Finest Varie- ties of Kruit, Native and Foreign, cultivated in this Coun- try; containing, also, A History of Insects Injurious to Fruit, and the best methods of destroying them. Mr. Charles Downing has been engaged on this revision from time to time, and has produced unquestionably tfte most complete Jiejerence Book for the Cultivators of lYuit ever issued. Of Apples only he has over 450 pages of varieties. New and better drawmgs and engravings have also been made of all the Fruit. The complete work, including three Appendices, is brought down to 1881, and forms one thick 8vo VOLUME OF OVER 1,360 PAGES. Price, handsomely bound in full cloth, - - • $5.00. Recommendation from Hon. Marshall P. Wilder, President of the American Pomologlcal Society : Oentleme7i :—l have received a copy from Mr. Charles Downing of the second revised edition "of the "Fruits and Fruit Trees of America." It. is the most comprehen- sive of any similar work, in fact A COMPLETE ENCY- CLOPEDIA 0FAMF:RICAN POMOLOGY brought dowu to the present time. The ovigmal edition by his brother, the late Andrew Jackson Downing, popular as it ever has been, is made doubly interesting and useful by this revision, com- prising the results of a lo.ig life of critical observations. As a work of reference it has no equal, and deserves a place in the Library of every Pomologist in America.— MARSHALL P . Wilder. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. HINTS FOR PAINTERS, Decorators and Paper-Hangers. being a selection of useful rules, data, memoranda, methods and suggestions of house, ship and furniture painting, paper- hanging, gilding, color mixing, and other matters useful and instructive to painters and decorators. Prepared with special reference to the wants of Amateurs, BY AN OLD HAND. 60 pages paper, mailed post paid for 25c. on receipt of price. Address. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. Truck Farming at the Soutli A Guide to the Raising of Vegetables lor Northern Markets. BY DR. A. OEMLER, Prest. of Chatham Co., Georgia, Fruit and Vegetable Growers Association. Illustrated. 12 mo., cloth, pp. 270. Price 81.50. Mailed, post-paid. Address, CHAS. H. M/ '' [AROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. THE HORITCULTURAL ADVERTISER. APPLBTON'S mm ^^omm^s^^^^^^^ ^^^,^^^^5^^ !{r I New Revised Edition 16 vols. Large Octavo Volumes, each V I volume containing over 800 pages, fully illusttated with several ^^ thousand wood engravings, and with numerous colored Litho- (U . . graphic Maps, the whole costing the publishers a sum exceedjno ik. 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Address, C 814 Chestnut Ht., PhUadelphia. 1 hM Taisiy and Eonie Decoriti, i Together with General laformation for Sportsmen. By JOSEPH H. BATTY, ' Taucidermist for the Hayden Expedition and other Government Surveys, and many of the leading Colleges and Museums of the United States. Author of " How to Hunt and Trap," etc. 125 Illustrations. i2mo, cloth. Price, I1.50. Mailed, post-paid, on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila TTeMlIeWieFH BY. R. WARINGTON, F. C. 8. A tQOSt valuable Work, which should be in the Hands of Farmers, Gardeners and Tillers of the soil generally. It presents the relations of Chemistry to Agriculture in amos. popular manner. 12mo, cloth. Price, post-paid, 81.00. Address, CHAS. H. MAKOT. 814 Chestnut Street, Phila. HOUSE PLANS FOR EVERYBODY, FOR VILLAGE AND COUNTRY RESIDENCES, COSTING FROM $250 TO S8,000. By S. B. REED, ARCHITECT. Includine full descriptions, and estimate in detail of material, labor, cost, with many practical suggestions, and 175 illustrations; 248 p«;es, 12mo, cloth. Price, 81.50 mailed, post-paid on receipt of Price. Address, 0HA8. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. SWEET POTATO CULTURE. GIVING FULL INSTRUCTIONS FROM STARTING THE PLANTS TO HARVESTING AND STORING THE CROP. WITH A CHAPTER ON THE CHINESE YAM. BY JAME.S FITZ, author of "Southern ■flR e and Peach Keswick, Va., Culturist. " Paper cover. Price, Post-paid, 40 cents. Address. CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Cliestinit Street, Phila._ FRUIT AND BREAD. A Natural and Scientific Diet. BY GUSTAV SCHLICKEYSKN. Translated from the German by M. L. Holbrook, M. D. Intended to show what is the natural food of man ; to lead him to become a living child of nature; to simplify and beautify his manner of living; to emancipate woman from the drudgery of the kitchen; to lead to increased use of fruit; to diminish the use of fle^h, and where possible, to do away with its use altogether ; to improve the health and add to the enjoypienLs and value of life. Cloth, 250 pages ; 12 mo, illustrated. Price, $i. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt of price. Address, CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Philp WINDOW FLOWER GARDEN. By Julius J. Heintich, Handsomely dlustrated. This work endeavors by a few simple directions for the management of plants and flowers in the window or conservatory, to show to all members of the family, and especial- ly the children, that the cultivation of flowers is not difficult, and bring-, more real enjoyment than many more expensive amusements. It IS intended for all, including children, excluding technical terms as far as possible, and giving the most simple directions. 93 pp., la mo, cloth 75c. Sent by mail post-paid on receipt ot price. Address. CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut Street. Phil THE CHRYSANTHEMOM Its History, Culture, Classification and Nomenclature. BY F. W. BURBIDGE, Curator of Trinity College Botanical Gardens, Dublin. 102 pages. Octavo, cloth. Price, 81.50; by mail, post-paid. '^^*^' CHAS. H. MAROT, 814 Chestnut St., Phila. AND BULB CULTURE. BY D. T. FISH. Being descriptions, both Historical and Botanical, of the principal bidbs and bulbous plants, and their chief varie- ties; with full and practical instructions for their success- ful cultivation, both in and out of doors. Illustrated, 468 paces, 12mo, cloth. Price, S2.00, by mail, post-paid. CHAS. H. MAROT. 814 Chestnut St., Phila. 32 THE HORTICULTURAL ADVERTISER. Index to Advertisements. Send orders early as possible. Changes of copy must be in by 16th. 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